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JANUARY / 
FEBRUARY 
1993 


VOLUME Lxxx! 
UMBER ONE 


Pied. 


- This Issue 


| 4 aoe cata Named Assistant 
am |) 


7 a scientist Nancy R. Morin is 
named assistant director of the Garden. 


5 1992 Volvo Environment Prize 
@am@ Garden director Peter H. Raven is 
honored at a ceremony in Sweden. 


of 
6 Questions & Answers 
For thirty years the Horticultural 
Answer Service has been just a phone 
call away. 
§ The Annual Orchid Show 
@mmm A spectacular showcase of rare and 
endangered plants, plus a profile of 


Brian and Marilyn LeDoux, who put it 
all together, 


| 

| 

| 

| 

| 

| 

* 

| 1(Q) Home Gardening 
| @mmm@ Houseplants can be living air filters. 
| 12 Calendar of Events 
_ Mim Members’ Days, — a Month, 
winter walking tours and m 
| 


14 From the Membership Office 
@am@ A salute to the Membership Information 
and Services Desk volunteers, plus 
1993 travel, Valentines and previews. 
| 16 NSF Grants Aid Research 
| fim Plus a study of. Arabidopsis, a key to 
genetic research. 
| 


2() Tributes 
ea 


On the cover: Take a trip to a warm 
tropical rain forest on a re winter day 
with a visit to the Climatre 

—Photo by King Schoenfeld 


1993 Mics B 


The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026- 6507) )is be iblished bi-monthly 


ee 


SO are entitled to: — 
; Arboretum, and Tower 
nts Ang receptions; 


by the Missouri ri Botan rden, 2345 Tower Gr rove 
Avenue, vr a MO 6311 10. Geenka lass postage paid at 
St. Louis, 
The BI Ture iS S€nt to every member of the Garden 
S$ one of the benefits of me membership. For a contnbution of 
as little as 


| 
| 
j sarden, Shaw 
= Grove Sisaue’ deadkciic t 
| 
i 


announcements of all ‘sith and ci 
si “n stg ate Shop and for c ourse fees: and the is ioe 


to travel, domestic and abroac : with sed members 
inife mation, please call ( nde 577-5 
Po: 


> MINS Ul the 


277-5108. 
Stmaster: sen addre 


hanges to BULL ETIN, S 
Caine, pen PO. “as 299. St. Louis, MO 63166 ste 


Comment 


& printed on recycled paper 


Looking Forward to a New Year 


The new year 
finds us anticipating 
some major steps 
forward. First, 
personally delighted 
to welcome Dr. Nancy 
Morin to her new 
appointment as assis- 
tant director of the 
Garden. Nancy has been a valued member 
of the research staff since 1981, where her 
contributions have been enormous and 
invaluable. She is a superb scientist and a 
fine administrator, and we look forward to 
working with her in her new Capacity. 

On an international level, we are 
continuing to pursue our very exciting 
collaborative efforts with colleagues in 
China, Africa, Madagascar, Latin America, 
and parts of the former Soviet Union. 
Assisting these institutions with long range 
planning, professional training, develop- 
ment of their own resources and fundraising 
pays off a thousandfold for our own 


A = STINGUISHED VIS] TOR— 
din 


anic Garden 2 


research efforts. Moreover, as you will see 
in the story on the next page, these goals 
can be met without sacrificing the Garden’s 
own financial resources. 

In our urgent race to identify and save 
the Earth’s priceless global heritage of 
biodiversity, we will receive a big boost 
here at home with the opening of our new 
Conservation Center this winter. The 
Center, which is adjacent to the Ridgway 
Center, will enhance our ability to deliver 
community services and will enrich our 
local, national and international programs. 

o not be deterred by the weather— 
there is plenty to do and see at the Garden 
in winter! The annual Orchid Show, the 
camellias blooming in the Linnean House, 
and Black History Month in February are 
just a few of the exciting things going on. We 
look forward to seeing you here. 


Can Oe y 


Patios 


dvsesaed David Ingram, Piel -. (director) of the Royal 
one 


saan in October. Prof. ingren 
Project and was a 


m = a — of the editorial cc committee for the FI 


Sin the world, visited the 
ora of ois 


reception in his honor are pea left): 
senior botanist; Nan ancy 
of Trustees 


Peter Raven, director; 
orin, assistant director; and O. Sage 


s. Show: 
David! paeemaae Macakali Cron 
ge Wightman Il, president of th 


SAVING & KOMAROV 


The Komarov Botanical Institute in St. Petersburg, 
Russia, which includes a botanic garden founded in 
1714 by Peter the Great, has survived economic 
adversity, climatic brutality, and the bitter sieges of 
World War II, while remaining one of the most impor- 
tant botanical institutions in the world. 

But time has taken its toll on the century-old facil- 
ities of the Institute. Botanists there are faced with a 
very real concern that the deterioration of the phys- 
ical structures will threaten the invaluable collections 
of living plants and dried plant specimens. 

After hearing about this crisis from his Russian 
colleagues, Garden director Peter H. Raven has 
taken a leadership role in helping the Institute find 
solutions to their problems. 

Dr. Nancy Morin, assistant director of the 
Garden, has spearheaded an effort to assess the 
physical needs of the Institute as a first step in solving 
the problems. ‘‘This is an important institution that is 
a global resource—it’s everybody’s responsibility,’ 


After returning from a visit to St. Petersburg last 
June, Morin was able to secure funds from the 
MacArthur Foundation to send in an assessment 
team. She contacted the Sverdrup Corporation, who 
had designed greenhouses in the United States for 
the U.S. Department of Agriculture and had worked 
on the U.S. embassy in Moscow. Sverdrup agreed to 
send in a team of their architects to assess the extent 
of the decay and make recommendations on how to 
stabilize and improve the situation. 

The Komarov houses the third largest herbarium 
in the world, with an outstanding library and nearly 
six million specimens of dried, pressed plants. These 
comprise a vital tool for botanical researchers that 
cannot be replaced. In addition, its greenhouses safe- 
guard a collection of about 6,000 species of living 
plants, including many that are in danger of extinction 
and some that actually are extinct in the wild. 

These collections are being threatened by struc- 
tural deterioration of the buildings housing them, 


4 The Komarov Botanical Institute in 
St. Petersburg, Russia. 


Russia's Komarov 
Botanical Institute 
is facing the 
imminent loss of 
its vital collections 
of plants. The 
Garden is leading 
the effort to save 
this priceless 
global resource. 


Mican,. 
SOY fe 
“Jit Dr 
"? BOT, 


'ANICar 


BY Janine Adams 


he ays. continued on next page 
a 
i JANUARY- FEBRUARY 1923 a 


SAVING 


eRe 
THE 
ea 


KOMAROV 


continued 


CLIFF WILLIS 


leaking roofs, and failing heating systems. The harsh 
winters of St. Petersburg—just seven degrees south 
of the Arctic Circle—make reliable heating essential. 
Therefore replacing failing boilers is a high priority, 
according to the Sverdrup assessment team. Other 
crucial tasks include providing an emergency gener- 
ator; replacing the heat distribution system; rewiring 
and putting new walls and a new roof on the 
herbarium and library building; and a complete struc- 
and reglazing of the Institute’s famed 
Palm House and related greenhouses. 

The price tag for the top priority tasks—those 
essential to save the plant collections may go as high 
as $36 million. While this figure is formidable, Raven 
and Morin are hopeful that they can arouse support 
from national and international agencies and 


organizations—sources who can not be tapped to 
help support the Garden’s own work—who would 
take a special interest in saving this vital institution as 
Russia enters a new era. At the very least, they hope 
to provide a starting point for the Russians to follow. 

Although just the beginning, the efforts of the 
Garden and Sverdrup have already been enormously 
beneficial to the Russian botanists. A St. Petersburg 
newspaper account of the visits by the westerners 
prompted the City of St. Petersburg to give the Insti- 
tute a million rubles. This was the first time in the 
Institute’s history that it had been given money by 
the city. 
In addition, the assessment team offered some- 
thing less tangible but equally important: hope. With 
a concrete assessment in hand, the scientists at the 
Komarov Institute are now 
equipped to figure out how to 
tackle their problems. With the 
technical and logistical assistance 
of western botanical institutions, a 
solution now seems possible. 

‘“We gave them hope,’’ says 
Morin. ‘‘No matter what happens 
from this point on, they now have 
some very high-quality informa- 
tion that they can use for future 
planning.’ 

“‘This is one of the finest insti- 
tutions in the world,’ says Raven. 
‘“We are proud that two institu- 


ee! in ap Garden’ ‘s library are (standing, fi Geen ial: ot BY Oe Weanin. 


Knepper, Sverd 


for Sverdrup; Peter Raven; Charles F. 


Dennis E. Bopp, vice | ident of S 


f Nan drei Sea ted: 
yr. +. 7 


Nancy Morin Is Named Assistant 


Director of the Garden 


CLIFF WILLIS 
i 


4. 
ME BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


SS . : 
Nancy Morin with ieee en at the reception for the staff. 


tions in St. Louis, the Garden and 
Sverdrup, have been able to play a 
role in saving this precious 
resource.’ @ 


t a reception for the staff in 
October, Dr. Peter H. Raven 
announced the appointment of Dr. 


Nancy R. Morin as assistant director of the 
Missouri Botanical Garden. The appoint- 
ment is effective as of January 1, 1993. 

r. Morin was named Anne L. Lehmann 
een of North American Botany at the 
Garden in April 1992 (see the Bulletin, 
July/August 1992). She came to the Garden 
in 1981 as curator of the Herbarium and 
editor of the Annals of the Missouri Botan- 
ical Garden. Since 1983 she has served as 
convening editor of the Flora of North 
America program, a cooperative interna- 
tional project that will produce the first 
comprehensive account and database of all 
plants growing in the wild north of Mexico. 
She also serves on the editorial board of the 
Flora of China project. She is an adjunct 
professor of biology at Washington Univer- 
sity and is an adjunct assistant professor of 
eae at the University of Missouri- 
St. Loui continued on next page 


RAVEN RECEIVES 1992 AWARD IN SWEDEN 


Volvo Environment Prize 


T AN AWARD CEREMONY held 

on Tuesday evening, November 

10, 1992, in the Concert Hall of 

Gothenburg, Sweden, Dr. Peter H. Raven 

and Dr. Norman Myers received the 1992 

Volvo Environment Prize. The award was 

presented by Dr. Pehr G. Gyllenhammar, 
executive chairman of AB Volvo. 

The Volvo Environment Prize is 
awarded annually by the Volvo Prize Foun- 
dation to support technical and scientific 
innovation in the environmental field in the 
broadest sense. The award is presented to 
institutions or individuals who have made an 
outstanding contribution in this area. The 
Prize was established in 1988 to increase 
awareness of environmental problems on a 
worldwide basis and contribute to their 
solution. 

The Prize Committee, headed by Dr. 
Mostafa Kamal Tolba, executive director of 
the United Nations Environment Pro- 
gramme, Nairobi, Kenya, included out- 
standing environmental scientists from 
Europe, North Ameria and Africa. The 
committee issued the following statement 
concerning this year’s prize: 

“‘In dealing with environmental prob- 
lems there is a real need for getting the 
science right in order to get the policy right. 
This year’s Volvo Environment Prize is 
awarded to Dr. Norman Myers and 
Professor Peter Raven, who between them 
used comprehensive and penetrating scien- 
tific analysis of ecological states and trends, 
and pioneering warnings and courageous 
expression of concern that have sensitized 
world opinion to the global consequences of 
the loss of biodiversity and the process of 
is ee particularly in tropical 


Bre the 1970s, British zoologist Norman 
Myers was one of the first to recognize the 
threat of extinction facing various animal 
species as a result of tropical deforestation. 
His book The Primary Source, published in 
1984, was instrumental in awakening world- 
wide awareness of the problem. Dr. Myers 
specializes in the study of Africa and its 
animal life. He has written eight books and 
hundreds of scientific articles. Dr. Myers 
and Peter Raven have been close 
colleagues for many years. 

Dr. Raven, who has served as the 
Garden’s director for the past 21 years, has 


i, 


Shown at the Award Ceremony in S 
Pehr Gyllenhammar, Peter Raven. 


a worldwide reputation as a systematic 
botanist. Largely through his efforts, the 
Missouri Botanical Garden today is one of 
the world’s leading centers of botanical 
research and a leader in public education. 
Dr. Raven serves as a professor of botany at 
Washington University, St. Louis Univer- 
sity, and as adjunct professor at several 
other institutions. He has published highly 


lfern 
| 


left): Norman Myers, 


regarded texts on botany and a large 
number of books and articles on biodiver- 
sity of tropical forests. As the Garden's 
director he oversees or is involved with 
flora projects on many of the world’s 
regions, including China, North America, 
Madagascar, and much of Africa, = 
and South America. 


MORIN continued 


In announcing the appointment, Dr. 
Raven said, ‘‘Our research efforts have 
benefited greatly from Dr. Morin’s exper- 
tise since she has been a member of our 
staff. She has provided effective leadership 
at a time of increased professionalization 
and extensive growth as the Garden has 
moved into a position of international promi- 
nence. I look forward with great pleasure to 
working with ~ as a key member of our 
management team.’ 

As assistant iiccie. Dr. Morin will be 
concerned with all aspects of Garden 
administration and with the development 
and implementation of strategic planning for 
the Garden. She will continue to be active 
scientifically and in the leadership of the 
Flora of North America program 

At the announcement of her appoint- 
ment to the staff, Dr. Morin said, ‘‘As many 
of you know, I have traced my affiliation 


with the Garden to my great grandfather 
and grandfather, who both worked here as 
horticulturists; my great grandfather was 
on the staff from 1891 until he retired in 
1927. Walking beneath the trees that they 
helped to plant, I feel a deep affection for 
this institution and gratitude that I have 
been given the opportunity to contribute to 
it. I have the greatest respect for the high 
level of professionalism of every member of 
the Garden’s staff, and I look forward to 
working with and learning from each of 


Dr. Morin joined the Garden’s Research 
Division in 1981 following a postdoctoral 
year at the Smithsonian Institution. She is a 
graduate of the University of California at 
Berkeley, where she earned her A.B. 
degree with highest honors in 1975 and her 


Ph.D. in 1980. a 


5. 
BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 Sa 


FROM THE ANSWER SERVICE 


4 George Pring, the original 
Answerman. 


HE Garden’s Horticultural Answer 
' Service began in an informal way in 

1963 when George H. Pring retired 
as the active superintendent of the 
Garden’s grounds after almost sixty years 
of distinguished service. Mr. Pring 
continued to come to his office for three 
hours each morning to answer questions 
from Garden visitors and telephone callers. 
On an average day, he spoke to as many as 
15 to 20 individuals. 

On days when Mr. Pring was unavail- 
able, department heads from the Garden’s 
staff were pressed into service to answer 
questions. Because these inquiries were 
time-consuming and kept staff away from 
their regular duties, it became clear in the 


MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN ARCHIVES 


30 


& Answers 


Or, When do I put 
the Miracle Whip 
on my strawberries? 


BY Chip Tynan 


Chip Tynan at 


work in the Ans 
Service office. » std 


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fee) 
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6. 
WHEE BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


spring of 1969, when Mr. Pring moved to 
Pennsylvania, that an alternative solution 
was necessary. The Regional Council of 
Men’s Garden Clubs was asked by the staff 
to provide volunteers on a regular basis 
during the growing season to assist with 
this problem. When seven volunteers 
responded, the Answer Man service was 


orn. 

In 1970, Paul Kohl, who for fifty years 
designed, staged, and grew the plants for 
the Garden’s seasonal flower shows, 
retired and joined the Answermen. He 
served as their advisor, answering ques- 
tions they were unfamiliar with, and 
answering all calls during the winter 
months, from November through February. 


Years of Questions 


He continued in that capacity until he 
passed away in 1985. 

975 a burgeoning interest in 
gardening and plant culture made it neces- 
sary to increase the number of volunteers. 
Ten new men were recruited from area 
garden clubs and they spent their first 
winter attending weekly training sessions. 
These classes were organized by John 
Brown, one of the original Answermen. 
John just completed his twenty-third year 
of dedicated service with the group this 
past fall. 

By 1977 the Answermen were joined by 
their first woman member, Alma Reitz, and 
the organization has since been known as 
the Horticultural Answer Service. Today 
Answer Service numbers 46 volunteers, © 
whom more than half are women. It 1s 
comprised of six different crews who 
answer questions on five incoming phone 
lines for three hours each morning, 
Monday through Saturday, from March 
through October. Volunteers are noW 
recruited from the ranks of the Master 
Gardener program and are required to 
complete both Level I and Level Il training, 
as well as an on-the-job internship 
program. a 

hive the pleasure of supervising the 
Answer Service. As a full-time Garden re 
employee, my duties include answering 


FROM THE ANSWER 


SERVICE 


calls that come into the office from 
November through February. In this task I 
usually am assisted by one volunteer each 
day. During the winter months the volun- 
teers attend a series of weekly enrichment 
classes designed to improve their diag- 
nostic skills and to keep them abreast of 
the latest developments in horticulture. 
These classes are taught by Garden staff, 
extension specialists from state universi- 
ties, area professionals from the horticul- 
ture industry, and specialty enthusiasts 
from local plant societies. 

Many of the calls we receive are 
routine, but sometimes they are startling. 
On one memorable occasion a caller 
wanted to know, “‘When do I put the 
Miracle Whip on my strawberry plants?’’ 
With aplomb, the volunteer suggested that 
strawberries taste better topped with Cool 
Whip, but that Miracle Grow fertilizer could 
be applied to the soil after the harvest 
season. 

Some inquiries have an otherworldly 
quality. One caller, intent on visiting the 
Garden, phoned for directions; moments 
later the same person called back to 
request directions ‘‘for a neighbor,’ who 
wanted to know how to get home from the 
Garden. 

Occasionally we will be called upon to 
settle family disputes. One frantic call came 
from a woman whose husband, having just 
read a trendy article describing the culinary 
delights of violet flowers, stood poised with 
scissors in hand, ready to snip the blooms 
from her prized African violets. Her collec- 
tion was saved when we explained that 
African violets of the Gesneriaceae family, 
are very different from the tasty violets of 
the Violaceae family described in the 
magazine 


One of the most unusual inquiries came 
one autumn from a caller who was bringing 
in houseplants that had spent their summer 
outdoors on the patio. Sowbugs had taken 
up residence in the pots, and the lady 
informed us that she used to have a 
monkey who ‘‘would eat all the sowbugs, 
but I'll be darned if I’m going to get 
another monkey.’ We agreed that this was 
a creative solution to a tough problem. 
Fortunately, we could suggest some alter- 
native methods of pest control. 

From the original service of one man 
answering about 20 to 40 calls each day, 
the Answer Service has grown steadil 
over the years and in 1992 fielded over 
30,000 calls, with as many as 204 inquiries 
in a single three-hour period. This reflects 
not only the growing interest in gardening, 
but also the Garden’s continuing commit- 
ment to public education in horticulture. m 


MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN ARCHIVES 


New 24-Hour “HortLine” 


Enclosed in this Bulletin is a brochure 
for a new and exciting gardening service 
developed by the Garden’s William T. 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening. This 
service, called HortLine, provides 
gardeners with direct access to help on 
nearly 200 common gardening subjects, 24 
hours a day, 365 days a year. 

Now those of you who garden by moon- 
light need not wait for the sun to rise to get 
answers to your questions! You can listen to 
prerecorded messages from a touch-tone 
phone by using the simple directions in the 
brochure. Needless to say, it’s just as easy 
for daytime gardeners 

HortLine will not ‘replace the popular 
one-on-one service available through the 
Horticultural Answer Service. In fact, the 
Answer Service is being expanded steadily 
to meet the ever growing demands for its 
services. HortLine will supplement the 
Answer Service, providing greater flexi- 
bility in getting answers to gardening 


te 
oe 
S 
= 
~. 
i} 
& 

= 
of 


Above: Master Gardeners {from 
left) Ann Case, Herman Easterly 
and Carol Wilson staff the phones. 


Left: The late Paul Kohl (on 
stairs, center) with a group of 
Answermen. 


questions. 

The St. Louis Master Gardeners, who 
staff the Garden’s Horticultural Answer 
Service, played a critical role in editing, 
writing and recording the HortLine 
messages, and in testing the completed 
system. Without their expertise, dedication 
and long hours of work, the system could 
not have been completed. Master 
Gardeners, together with Garden staff, will 
continue to be involved in producing new 
messages and updating current messages 
as required. 

e hope you will take the time to 
become familiar with the system. It’s easy! 
Now a wealth of gardening information is 
only a phone call away. 


See the brochure in the 
center of this Bulletin for 
details. 


oe 


‘a 
BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


POSTiCuLTURE-DLVISION NEWS 


The exhibit that won the AOS Gold 
Medal Certificate. > 


The annual 
Orchid Show 
features many 
rare and 
endangered 
plants 


A Spectacular Shona 


HE Garden’s Orchid Show is the most popular of all the annual flower shows, and 

with good reason. Orchids are spectacular flowers, coming in all sizes, shapes and 

colors from all over the world, especially the tropics. The family Orchidaceae has 
more than 20,000 species in over 700 genera, one of the largest and most diverse of the 
more than 300 families of flowering plants in the world. 

Orchids have long been prized by growers and collectors for their exotic beauty. 
Unfortunately this has led to overcollection of wild specimens, and today many species of 
orchids are endangered or extinct in the wild. In addition, orchids, like all plants, are 
affected by loss of habitat. Orchids are especially vulnerable because many species are 
restricted to very specific habitats. Often they are dependent upon one particular type of 
soil Or one particular pollinating insect for survival. : 

With a notable collection of about 12,000 plants, including more than 3,500 species, 
varieties and hybrids, the Garden’s orchid collection includes a large number of orchids 
that are endangered or extinct in the wild. 

ll rare plants are protected by law, as are animals. International trade in plants 1s regu: 
lated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), a trealy 
that took effect in 1975. Today about 100 countries have ratified it. While CITES is often 
difficult or impossible to enforce, the goal of the treaty is to control trade in plants 
according to their degree of endangerment, with the species listed in Appendix lam tually 
ey are collected in the wild. Species listed in Appendix 2 
orchid species are listed in either Appendix 1 or 2 of CITES. 
er plants in the Garden’s collection were wild collected many 
Years ago, today all plants are acquired legally from growers or researchers. Of the nine 
orchid species individually listed in Appendix 1 of CITES, the Garden holds five. All 
1090, It ie int champ <s of Phragmipedium and Paphiopedilum are listed in Appendix 1, and the pene 
native to Colombia and is listed in arge number of species, hybrids and cultivars from these two genera. Overall, the 
Appendix 1 of CITES. collection Includes about 45 

S 


; percent of the species listed in CITES Appendix 1, some 
dating from the early 1990 € species listed in CITES Appe 


—— : to a grant from the Mid-America Orchid Congress, the Garden is purchasing 4 
€r of slipper orchids to enhance its already excellent holdings in this area, and 


MS BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


recently several rare species were acquired from Selby Gardens through the USDA Plant 
Rescue Program. These plants had been illegally collected in the wild and were confis- 


cated from illegal importers. 


“It is the goal of conservation to preserve species in the wild,’’ says Marilyn LeDoux, 
curator of the Garden’s orchid collection. ‘‘But it is better to preserve species in cultiva- 


tion than not at all.’’ 


The Orchid Show offers an annual opportunity to see a wide array of these magnificent 
plants on display. The show opens with a special preview for Garden members on Friday, 


January 15 (see page 12). 


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1 


PROFILE / Brian and Marilyn LeDoux 


A Pnzewinning Team 


t the Orchid Society of Greater 

St. Louis Show held at the Garden 

October 17 and 18, the Garden won 
the American Orchid Society’s highest 
award, the Gold Medal Certificate, for a 
90-square-foot display by Brian and Marilyn 
LeDoux of the Horticulture Division. The 
Garden also won the AOS Show Trophy for 
the display, which was designed by Brian 
and featured plants grown by Marilyn. 

The Gold Certificate is infrequently 
given. To qualify, an exhibit must score at 
least 90 points out of 100; the Garden’s 
exhibit earned 92 points. Individual plants in 
the exhibit won two special trophies, eight 
awards for special merit, 16 first place, 14 
second place and seven third place ribbons. 
There were 21 other exhibits entered in the 
competition by commercial growers, orchid 
societies and individuals from several 
midwestern states. 

The LeDoux ‘‘Grow and Show’’ team is 
now two for two in AOS competition. A 
year ago Brian and Marilyn won the coveted 
Gold Certificate at a regional show in Louis- 
ville, Kentucky. Since 1985, orchids from 
the Garden’s collection have earned 53 
AOS awards in competition. 

Much of the credit is due to Marilyn 
LeDoux, who took over the care of the 


Garden’s orchid collection in 1984 when 
Marion Pfeiffer retired. Marilyn joined the 
Garden’s Horticulture Division in 1979, and 
she and Brian were married in 1981. She 
earned her B.S. in horticulture from the 
University of Missouri-Columbia and is 
currently an AOS student judge, working to 
complete the six-year training process to 
become fully accredited. 

Brian, head of Exhibit Design at the 
Garden, joined the staff in 1975. He has a 
B.S. in education with a major in fine art 
from Northeast Missouri State. ‘‘I went to 
work in the Climatron,’’ he says, ‘‘and right 
away started doing flower shows. We also 
did regular monthly educational displays in 
the Climatron, Desert House and the old 
Mediterannean House. The Orchid Show 
used to be held in the Climatron; in 1978, 
when the old Floral Display House burned 
down, the Holiday Show moved into the 
Climatron as well. The Spring and Fall 
shows were held in a tent outdoors until the 
Ridgway Center opened in 1982.’’ 

In addition to developing the four annual 
Flower Shows, Brian is responsible for all 
the plant society shows and exhibits held in 
the Ridgway Center. He writes and 
produces the educational brochures for the 
shows and handouts for the Garden Guides. 


The Making of a 
Flower Show 


Planning begins a year ahead for the 
Garden’s popular flower shows. The 
horticulture staff grow some of the 
plants that are used, and often the 


tha flaed, , 


collections. It can take many months to 
grow large display plants or train them 
into special shapes. Many of the plants 
must be ordered from commercial 
growers a year in advance, and cuttings 
must be purchased to be cultivated 


“You never quite know what’s going 
to happen,” Brian says. ‘‘The weather 
can be a problem, and sometimes 
things just don’t come into flower when 
they’re supposed to.’’ Because the 
shows feature living plants, they must 
be trimmed, watered and sometimes 
replaced during the course of the show. 

Brian picks a theme for the show, 
designs a floor plan, plans the plants 
and props around it. Props and sets are 
actually built by two volunteers, Bob 
Lumiey and Horace Allen. ‘‘We recycle 
things all the time,” Brian explained. 
**We often repaint or remodel sets to get 
a new look.’’ 

Designing competition exhibits for 
Marilyn’s orchids is another kind of 
challenge. ‘‘The plants must be the 
primary interest,’ Brian said, ‘‘and the 
setting must enhance them without 
overwhelming them. It’s especially 
difficult when the exhibit has to travel. 
You have to take everything with you, 
including labels and lights, and every- 
thing has to break down into pieces that 
will ride securely in a truck, including 
the plants. Then when you arrive, you 
have to make sure everything will fit 
through a doorway!”’ 

Teaming up seems to work; most 
visitors would agree that the Garden’s 
displays succeed in spectacular 
fashion. Brian and Marilyn’s finest 
efforts will be on display at the Orchid 
Show this month. (See page 12.) 


fms 


g. 
BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


Cleaner Indoor Air 

Most of us would agree that 
plants make us feel good. No- 
where is this more apparent than 
in our homes and businesses. 
Studies have revealed that 
people strongly prefer indoor 
settings with plants. While this is 
important psychologically, plants 
may also directly benefit our 
indoor environment and physical 
health. How? They appear to be 
cleaning the air. 

In the late 1970s, at the 
height of the energy crisis, great 
efforts were made to begi 
creating energy-efficient 
buildings. This resulted in 
tighter structures with less 
ventilation from the outside air 
and more insulation to keep 
interior temperatures constant. 
Buildings and homes are now 
less drafty, but more atmospher- 
ically isolated. 

As a result, today’s buildings 
are reportedly filled with air 
pollutants given off by building 
materials. The World Health 
Organization estimates that 
perhaps 30 percent of new and 
remodelled buildings may have 
indoor air quality problems due 
to inadequate ventilation, 
contamination from outside 
sources, biological contamina- 
tion and air pollutants from 
building materials. In 1988, the 
Environmental Protection 
Agency issued a report on the 
causes of ‘‘Sick Building 
Syndrome,”’ or SBS. There is 
growing awareness and concern 
about ‘‘building related 

es.”’ 


How does one solve these 
problems? There is no easy 
answer. Of course better venti- 
lation, air filtration, and the 


Home Garden! 
Open Wa 


10. 
WB BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


removal of source pollutants are 
logical first steps. But the latest 
weapon used to fight indoor 
pollution is the common 
houseplant. 

Evidence for plants as indoor 
filtration systems comes from 
NASA's National Space Tech- 
nology Laboratories. Their task 
was to discover effective tech- 
nology to clean the air inside 
future space stations and space- 
craft on long journeys. Studies at 
the Stennis Space Center in 
Mississippi have concluded that 
plants can do the job of cleaning 
the air of several major air borne 
chemicals. 


Common Air Pollutants 

Among the hundreds of trace 
organic volatile compounds in 
the air at any one time, the three 
most commonly found in our 
homes and offices are benzene, 
trichloroethylene and 
formaldehyde. 

Benzene is used in the 
manufacture of oils, paints, 
plastics, rubber, detergents, 
pharmaceuticals and dyes. Itisa 
proven carcinogen and has been 
linked to leukemia in humans. 

Trichloroethylene is widely 
used in dry cleaning, inks, 


Green Solution 
to Air Pollution 


| indoor settings. It is the basis 


for ureaformaldehyde insulation 
and is used in the production of 
particle board, wax paper, facial 
tissue, paper towels, man 
household cleaning agents, and 
in floor carpeting and carpet 
backing. 


Living Air Filters 

The plants used in early 
trials to reduce levels of the 
three indoor air pollutants above 
were common houseplants. 
Most are lowlight plants that 
grow well in dim interior areas. 

One of the most efficient air 
cleaners was the spider plant, 
Chlorophytum elatum, otherwise 
known as the airplane plant. 
Further testing was done with 
mass cane, Dracaena 
marginata; pot mum, 
Chrysanthemum x morifolium; 
dracaena ‘Janet Craig,’ Dracaena 
dermen sis; mother-in-law’s 
tongue, Sansevieria laurentii: 
Gerber daisy, Gerbera jamesonit; 
golden pothos, Scindapsus 
aureus; peace lily, Spathiphyllum 
‘Mauna Loa;’ Chinese eve 
green, Aglonema modestum; 
ficus, Ficus benjamina; bamboo 
palm, Chamaedorea seifrizii; and 
several common philodendrons. 

xperiments were 

conducted in sealed chambers 
injected with ambient levels of 


each of the three air pollutants 
described above. The tests 
revealed that in fact some of the 
houseplants removed between 
10 and 40 percent of the chem- 
icals in a 24-hour period. Pot 
mums and Gerber daisies were 
especially effective across the 
board. Other plants were more 
selective, removing more of one 
compound than another. 
Potting soil also was found to 
participate in the reduction of all 
three chemicals. Some correla- 
tion has been made between air 
purification and the activity of 
soil microorganisms in associa- 
tion with plant roots. This has 
led to the marketing of a new 
type of plant container which 
features activated charcoal 
incorporated into the potting 
soil, with an attached motorized 
system to draw air through the 


wn 
o 


Prior to this development 
researchers suggested that just 
15 to 20 of the most active air- 
filtering plants would be suffi- 
cient to reduce trace chemicals 
to insignificant levels in the 
average home. With the develop- 
ment of the new charcoal-forced 
air system, one pot is said to do 
the job of many passive plants, 
although you will pay upwards to 
$100 per system. 


Do they really work? 

No one really knows what 
impact plants have on our phys- 
ical health associated with air 
purification. At this point, just 
how plants can reduce certain 
indoor air pollutants is still a 
mystery. Skeptical scientists 
suggest that the best approach is 
to concentrate on reducing alr 
pollutants at the source and not 
to focus too much on systems to 
remove them after they are ; 
present. Nevertheless, its ae 
to be reminded that life on Eart 
depends upon a vital biological 
support system, which does 
more for us than we imagine, 
even indoors. 

—Steven D. Cline, Ph.D 


Manager, Kemper Center ‘for 
Home Gardening 


With this issue we begin a new format for 
“From the Answer Service.’’ We hope you 
find it enjoyable and informative.—Editor 


Do you have a plant question? Call the 
Horticultural Answer Service, Monday 
through Friday, 9 a.m. to noon, at 
577-5143. 


How do I care for a poinsettia? 

Holiday poinsettias must be kept evenly 
moist. Dry soil is a common cause of 
premature leaf loss. Get into the habit of 
probing the soil with your fingertips to 
determine watering needs. When the soil 
surface begins to dry, water thoroughly 
enough to produce drainage. Gift plants 
often come with a colorful foil wrap around 
each pot. While these wraps are cheery and 
decorative, they also retain water, promot- 
ing soggy soil conditions that may injure the 
plant. Be sure to either remove the foil 
wrap or punch holes in it to prevent excess 
water from collecting at the base of the pot. 
To prolong their color season, keep poin- 
settias in bright light during the day and 
place them in a cool (60° F) spot at night. 
Locate them away from sources of hot, dry 
air at all times. 


! didn’t get my bulbs planted yet. What can | do 
to keep them fresh so | can plant them next 
fall? 


This question is asked with dismaying 
frequency throughout the winter. If there is 
such a person as the ‘‘gardener with a 
green thumb’’ then this person is certainly 
characterized by a sense of timing. Learnin 
your plants’ requirements and tending their 


From the Answer Service 


needs in the proper season usually spells 
the difference between success and failure. 
As long as the soil is unfrozen and bulbs 
remain firm and sound, they should be 
planted. Additional storage, even under cool 
conditions, will only delay the inevitable. 
That is, even if they are not planted, bulbs 
will eventually sprout. Without soil to root 
themselves, the bulbs will consume their 
own stored food reserves, wither and die. 
This late in winter, not enough time 
remains to force bulbs properly, and if un- 
workable soils prevent planting, pot them in 
containers filled with a well-drained potting 
soil. Water well, and place the containers 
outdoors in a shaded location. Mulch the 
pots to prevent frost injury. A cold frame 
would be ideal, but if you don’t have one, 
burying the pots beneath a foot or two of 
leaves or straw will suffice. These bulbs can 
then be transplanted, still in containers, into 
annual beds as the soil conditions allow. 
With luck, they should bloom at their 
proper time. Once flowering is past, dig the 
pots up and your flower beds can then be 
lanted to annuals, with no delays while 
waiting for bulb foliage to ripen. 


A Winter Wish List 

Now that the spring gardening catalogs 
have begun to arrive by mail, be sure to 
look for those carrying the new All-America 
selections. 1993 brings us two new flowers 
and two vegetables. Verbena ‘Imagination, 
with a vigorous spreading habit and deep 
violet-blue flowers, can be grown in garden 
beds or in hanging baskets. Suitable for full 
sun, ‘Imagination,’ like other verbenas, is 


heat and drought tolerant, making it a 
promising introduction for St. Louis condi- 
tions. Nierembergia ‘Mont Blanc,’ another 
heat-loving, low, spreading annual, is the 
first white flowering nierembergia grown 
from seed. Related to petunias, Nierember- 
gia ‘Mont Blanc’ is also drought tolerant. 
This versatile performer is suitable for gar- 
den bedding, handing baskets, patio con- 
tainers and window boxes. 

Tomato ‘Husky Gold’ is a disease resis- 
tant hybrid with medium size, early matur- 
ing fruits that are a deep golden orange both 
inside and out. Having a dwarf, compact, 
indeterminate habit, ‘Husky Gold’ is suita- 
ble for either garden or container planting, 
needing only a small trellis for support. 

Pumpkin ‘Baby Bear’ is sure to be a hit 
with all gardeners, but especially those with 
young children. Though larger than the 
popular ‘Jack Be Little’ and ‘Munchkin’ var- 
ieties, ‘Baby Bear’ produces a small one- 
and-a-half to two-pound rich orange pump- 
kin on normal size vines. Having a classic 
Jack o’Lantern shape, ‘Baby Bear’ stores 
well and can be used for holiday decorations 
or as filling for pumpkin pie. 

Gardeners who wish to grow these All 
America selections can obtain the names of 
mail order sources by calling the Answer 
Service office or by browsing through the 
many garden catalogues on display in the 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening. 


—Chip Tyna 
Horticultural Answer Service 


Master Composter 
Hotline: 314/577-9555 


greeted by 
Pope John 


| Paul Il. 


Raven Attends Pontifical 
Academy 


Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of the 
Garden, recently attended the biannual 
meeting of the General Assembly of the 
Pontifical Academy of Sciences in Rome. 
Dr. Raven is one of 80 members of the 
Academy, an international scientific body 
that advises the Pope on scientific matters. 

The theme of this year’s meeting was 
‘The Emergence of Complexity in Mathe- 
matics, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.’ 
Dr. Raven presented a paper on ‘‘Dimen- 
sions and Diversity of Life on Earth,’ which 
sparked a renewed interest among 
Academy members in the problems of 
preserving biodiversity worldwide. 


ll. 
BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 SM 


v 


Missouri Botanical Garden 


CALENDAR OF EVENTS 


January-February 1993 


Exhibit: “The Plant Hunters: 
A Portrait of the Missouri 
Botanical Garden’’ 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through 
January 24, Ridgway Center. 
Magnificent color photographs 
of the Garden and its research 
activities by James P. Blair, staff 
photographer for National 
Geographic. Free with regular 
Garden admission. 


15 FRIDAY 
Members’ Preview, 
Orchid Show 


9 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. Enter- 


tainment, Cash Bar. Dinner Buffet 
is available in the Gardenview 


Restaurant. The Orchid Sale will be 


16 SATURDAY 


Orchid Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through 
February 15, Garden Gate Shop. 
Members receive a 20% discount 
on all orchids plus bark, fertilizer 
and wire accessories. Sale opens 
Friday evening during the Membe 
Preview; see January 15. 


30 SATURDAY 


Exhibit: “‘Black & White” 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through 
February 28, Ridgway Center. In 
honor of Black History Month, thi 
display will feature the work of fou 
Missouri African-American 
photographers. Sponsored in 
conjunction with Portfolio Gallery 
and Educational Center. Free with 


JANUARY 16-FEBRUARY 14/ Orchid Show 
“A Tropical Garden of Orchids’’ 


Spanish moss to complete this timeless, ethereal scene, 
For Members’ Preview, see January 15. 


MEMBERsS° 


JANUARY 20 


FEBRUARY 18 


Members’ Day Members’ Day 
“Growing and Caring | Climatron Ramble 
for Houseplants”’ 


ll a.m. and 2 p.m. Continuous 
guided tours conducted by the 
Staff of the Climatron, Learn 
about the exotic and diverse 
plants that inhabit our St. Louis 
rain forest. Meet in the Ridgway 
Center to form tour groups. 
Free, for members only. 


it a.m... Shoenberg Auditorium. 
A demonstration lecture by 

Dr. Steve Cline, manager of 

the Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening. Includes a handout 
on Care of the most common 
houseplants. F ree, for members 
only. Limited Seating. 


MME BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


featured in the Garden Gate Shop. 
See highlight. 


regular Garden admission. 


The Climatron 


Around the World in One Hour 


Don’t let the cold outside deter you—the winter months 
are a delightful time to tour the Garden with the Garden 
Guides. Enter the warm Desert House where the Saguaro 
8row. A few steps away and you are in the Climatron, a 
Steamy rain forest where bananas hang overhead. A few ies 
more take you into the Shoenberg Temperate House with its 
Moorish garden and dry Mediterranean atmosphere. In the 
Linnean House the camellias are blooming, and as you walk 
the grounds look for witch hazel, the first flowering shrub of 
the new year, 

Join the Guides every Tuesday, Saturday and Sunday at d 
1 p.m. for a free tour. You’ ll learn more than you ever imaginee: 


FEBRUARY 


lower Grove House 
Room 

pe for luncheon Monday 

through Friday, 11:30 a.m. to 

1 p.m., February through 

November. Advance reserva- 

tions only. Call 577-5150. 


Garden Walkers’ Climatron’s diverse habitats, the 
Breakfast problems of deforestation and loss 
: 7 to 10:30 a.m., every of biodiversity, and ways to 


Wednesday and Saturday. 
Restaurant and grounds open 
early; free admission until noon. 
Sponsored by the American 
Heart Association. Call 
577-5125 for information. 


21 SUNDAY 


Children’s Climatron Tours 

2 to 5 p.m., Climatron. Join 
students from the Henry Shaw 
Academy who have been studying 
rain forest ecology for special tours 


of the Climatron. Learn abou 


elp rain forest dwellers. Free with 
regular Garden admission. 


February is Black History Month 


t the 


activities call 577-5125. 


wasa 


CLIFF WILLIS 


ie re ee 


“Celebrate the Gospel”’ v 


“On Road to the Dream’”’ 


Join us for a month-long celebration of the accomplishments of 
African-Americans in the arts, music and sciences. There will 
be a special focus on the flora of Africa. For a schedule of 


5 — salami — 


Center for Plant Conservation 


CPC and U.S. Forest Service Join Forces To Conserve Rare Plants 


The Center for Plant Conservation and 
the USDA Forest Service have banded 
together to save rare and threatened plants 
in national forests and grasslands. The two 
organizations signed a landmark memo- 
randum of understanding at Rancho Santa 
Ana Botanic Garden in Claremont, 
California, during the CPC’s annual 
meeting of Participating Institutions on 
Monday, November 16, 1992. 

Under the agreement, native, imperiled 
plant populations will be conserved in the 
wild, and the organizations will work jointly 
to further public education and under- 
standing of the plight of endangered plants 
in the United States. 

The Center for Plant Conservation is 
the only national organization dedicated 
exclusively to preventing the extinction of 
native plants. Headquartered at the 
Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis, the 
CPC works with a network of 25 botanical 
gardens and arboreta nationwide to collect 
and maintain endangered plants as part of 
the National Collection of Endangered 
Plants. The National Collection consists of 
more than 400 different species of threat- 
ened and endangered plants. The Collection 
is used for germplasm storage, research, 


education, and as potential stock to reestab- 
lish species in their native habitat. 

“The Center for Plant Conservation is 
pleased to enter into a national cooperative 
partnership with the Forest Service as part 
of our strategy to protect plant diversity,’ 


tant reserves for biodiversity and plant 
conservation. These lands provide habitat 
for at least 81 federally listed threatened or 
endangered plants and for another 1,650 
sensitive plant species protected by the 
Forest Service,’’ Falk added. 

The Forest Service manages 191 million 
acres of public land, ranging from subarctic 
Alaska to tropical Puerto Rico, including 
lands in 43 states comprising 156 national 
forests and 19 national grasslands. The 
Forest Service is responsible for the 
protection and management of fish, wildlife 
and plant habitats. 

‘‘The Forest Service and the CPC have 
mutual interests in plant conservation,’ 
said F. Dale Robertson, chief of the Forest 
Service. ‘‘We will be working together on 
all levels to protect plant species 
throughout the United States. During the 
past three years we have emphasized our 


rare plant program, tripling the number of 
professional botanists on our staff.’ 

Other projects to be undertaken 
through the agreement include collection, 
propagation and maintenance of the 
National Collection; sharing of databases 
concerning the biology, horticulture and 
conservation status of all nationally endan- 
gered plants; identification of special 
management areas; and monitoring 
activities. 

One of the most important strategies for 
conserving endangered plants is ecology 


r 

Service lands present tremendous chal- 
lenges and opportunities for endangered 
species management, including the poten- 
tial to reintroduce species that have been 
lost from their native habitat,’’ said Falk. 
The CPC is organizing a national reintroduc- 
tion symposium April 20-22, 1993 in 
St. Louis. 

The CPC estimates that about 4,200 
species of U.S. plants—roughly one-fifth of 
the country’s entire native flora—are of 
conservation concern. Of these, close to 
800 species may be within a decade of 
extinction. 


13. 
BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 Sa 


14, 
MMM BULLETIN | JANUARY. 


From the Membership Office 


RICHARD BENKOF 


A visitor is greeted by volunteers DaArcy Els; (seated left) and Pat B 


A Welcoming Sight 


The Membership Services and Info 


1iCaly, 


rmation Desk in the lobby of the Ridgway Center is 
ors to the Garden. Both current and prospective 
members are greeted with a smile and friendly, helpful answers to their questions. 


our Membership Program,’ said Brenda Banjak 


Sr itmnian ria  e 


1993 Members’ Days 

Here is a preview of the exciting calendar of 
special monthly events planned just for 
Garden members: 


Jan.20 = Lecture: ‘‘Growing and Caring 
for House Plants”’ 
Feb.18 Climatron Ramble 
Mar.10 = Lecture: ‘‘Growing Perennials in 
St. Louis”’ 
Apr. 3 Arboretum Spring Walk 
| May 14 = Purple Martin Evening 
| Jun. 18 Members’ Musical Evening 
Jul.21. = Herbarium Tour 
Aug.5 Herb Day 
Sept. 30 Potting Plants to Bring Indoors 
Oct.17 = Autumn Cider Stroll 
Nov. 16 Winter Decorating 
Dec.11 Imaginary Theatre Company 


New Format for Members’ 
Mailers 


You have probably noticed that Garden 
mailers are looking a little different 
days. We hope you like our new format. fe 
publishing three months of activities in 0 : 
brochure we save paper, postage we 
printing costs and put more of whe 
membership dollars to work on Gar e 
programs. Please save your brochures 4 
handy guide to upcoming events. 


Membership Services & Information Desk Volunteers 


Mrs. Richard H. Bauer 

Mr. and Mrs. Frank V. Becklean 
Mrs. Lillian Biggs 

Mrs. William Bock 

Mrs. Stephen F. Bowen, Jr. 
Miss Ruth FE. Buerke 


Ms. Bonnie Dewes 

Mrs. Robert P. Elsperman 
Miss Margaret L. F isher 
Mrs. Jean M. Fuchs 

Mrs. Louis M. Gibson 
Mrs. Robert H. Harper 
Mrs. Walter W. Heffernan 
Ms. Marilyn Heneghan 
Ms. Norma Hill 


Mrs. Carlisle D. Kinyon 
Mrs. Robert H. Kittner 
Mrs. Harry W. Kroeger 


Mr. Paul McClinton 
Mr, Stanley McLean 
Mrs. Louis Neuner 
Mrs. Charles W. Oertli 
Mr. Carl Pride 


Mrs. William B. Crowder 
Dr. Marie Lewandowski Davis 
Mrs. John K. DeBernardi 


FEBRUARY 1993 


Mrs. Charles E. Leonhardt 


Mrs. William G. Raith 

Mrs. Rudyard K. Rapp 

Mrs. Olive Rheinnecker 

Mr. William R. Richardson 

Mr. and Mrs. John R. Roedel 
Mr. and Mrs. Gene V. Spradling . 
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence W. Thilking 
Mrs. John R. Tucker, Jr. 

Mrs. Leon P. Uliensvang 

Mrs. Loren M. Walbaum 

Mrs. Donald Zuehlke 


1993 MEMBERS’ TRAVEL PROGRAM 


Each of these tours offers Garden members a thrilling adventure. 
Enrollment is limited, so plan to register early. For brochures and 
complete information on costs and deadlines, please call Brenda Banjak 
at (314) 577-9517. 


Costa Rica Madagascar 
Austria, Switzerland, Alsace 
and the Rhine Valley 


AUGUST 10 TO 23, 1993 


COMING IN JUNE 1993/A New Garden Tour! 


Mark June 6, 1993 on your calendar today for our fourth Garden-sponsored tour of 
some of the most spectacular private gardens in St. Louis. A Garden Tour 2 “i every 
few years and is one of the most popular of our special events for members 

Watch upcoming issues of the Bulletin for details. A special invitation will “i mailed to 
all members in April. 


e at umiqu 


aceite 4 


Gift Membership Order Form 
Gift to: (Please print) Name 


Address 


City. State Zip 


Day Telephone 


Gift from: Name 
Address 


City. State Zip 


Day Telephone 
Date needed by: 


Please sign card: 
Regular membership: $45. Seniors (age 65 and over): $40 


(_} My check for $ 
is enclosed. 

C] Please charge: L) VISA LJ MasterCard 
Amount: $ 
Account No 
Name on card: 
Expiration date: 


Signed: 
Make checks Missouri Botanical Garden 
payable and P.O. Box 17419 
mail to: St. Louis, Missouri 63178-0299 


Call 577-5118 for more information. 


15. 
BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


RESGARL FH PIVIS)] ON NE WS 


NSF Awards $1.3 Million 
to Garden's Research Programs 


The international work of the Garden’s 
research dep t was given a boost this 
fall with the awarding by the National 
Science Foundation (NSF) of some $1.3 
million dollars for six different projects. 
“‘These research grants are very importan 
to furthering the Garden’s botanical 
research,’ said Garden director Peter 
Raven. ‘‘They will allow us to add tremen- 
dously to the existing body of knowledge 
about plants.’’ 


China 


The largest of the six grants was 
$450,000 over three years awarded for the 
Flora of China project. This project is a 
joint Sino-American effort to revise, 
condense, and translate into English the 
massive Chinese-language Flora Reipub- 
licae Popularis Sinicae, a catalog of plants 
growing in China begun in 1959. Twenty- 
five volumes will be produced over the next 
15 years, with the first volume to be pub- 
lished in 1993. A computerized database is 
also being developed on the names, charac- 
teristics and distributions of the approxi- 
mately 30,000 species of Chinese plants. 
The recent NSF grant will provide funds for 
salaries, meetings, equipment and database 
development. This is the second NSF grant 
received by the Garden for the Flora of 
China. The first, awarded in 1989, was 
instrumental in getting the project started. 
The principal investigators of the project are 
Dr. William Tai and Dr. Ihsan Al-Shehbaz of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 


ale 


ct 


Bolivia 


The National Science Foundation, 
together with the U.S. Agency for Interna- 
tional Development, awarded $274,836 
over three years for a botanical inventory of 
Noel Kempff Mercado National Park, a 
newly established protected area in the 
eastern Bolivian lowlands. The Park 
encompasses a wide variety of habitats, 
including evergreen forest, savanna grass- 
land, deciduous forest, and wetland marsh. 
It is situated in the center of the South 
American continent, in a region that has 
never been subject to an extensive botan- 


16. 
MMB BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


ical inventory. Dr. Timothy Killeen, the 
Garden’s resident botanist in Bolivia, is the 
principal investigator for the project. 
Killeen will work closely with the National 
Herbarium of Bolivia and the university in 
Santa Cruz to carry out plant collecting 
expeditions in the region. Training 
programs for Bolivian students and scien- 
tific professionals are an integral part of this 
project. 


Chile 


A NSF/AID joint award of $228,382 
went to the New Flora of Chile project. The 
project was initiated by Chileans and 
centered at the University of Concepcion. 
The Chileans invited botanists at the 
Garden, the Ohio State University, the 
University of Reading, England, and the 
University of Munich, Germany to 
collaborate on the project. Experienced 
botanists, recent graduates and students of 
all of the institutions will participate, 
together with collaborating specialists. 
Almost half of the flora of Chile is found in 
no other country. Rapid habitat destruction 
there makes the need for understanding 
this unusual flora urgent. The most recent 
floristic treatment for the country, 
completed in the early part of this century, 
is now outdated and incomplete. The New 
Flora of Chile will include a modern treat- 
ment of the vascular flora, a database of 
available collections, a distribution-mapping 
system using desktop computers, and an 
updated checklist compatible with the one 
being prepared for Argentina. It will be the 
first flora completed for any country in 
South America. Dr. Charlotte Taylor of the 
Garden’s staff and Dr. Tod Steussy of Ohio 
State University are the Principal investi- 
gators of the project. 


Venezuela 


The Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana 
(FVG) project received $95,000 in addi- 
tional funding over two years from the NSF. 
The FVG is a massive collaborative project 
to produce a complete vascular plant flora 
for the southern half of Venezuela. This 
grant will help finish the Project, begun by 


the late Julian Steyermark in 1983. In addi- 
tion, it will help develop a database of all 
accepted names, synonyms and distribution 
of the taxa included in the FVG as a basis for 
the production of an updated catalog of the 
Venezuelan flora. The FVG project brings 
together over 170 scientific contributors 
worldwide, including Latin American 
botanists in Venezuela, Brazil, Colombia, 
Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay and Mexico. 
There will be eight volumes produced in 
English over a three-year period, starting in 
late 1993. At least the first volume will also 
be published in Spanish. 

The Venezuelan Guayana is one of the 
most diverse areas on earth in terms of 
number of species and vegetation types. By 
virtue of Venezuela’s very low population 
density in the south, its petroleum-based 
economy, and a high level of ecological 
consciousness, the country is in a sin 
position of being able to preserve one of the 
largest, continuous expanses of humid, 
tropical ecosystems in the world well into 
the 21st century. It is hoped that the data 
included in the FVG will provide a valuable 
source of baseline information for devel- 
oping rational land use and park manage- 
ment systems in the Venezuelan Guayana. 
Garden botanist Dr. Paul Berry is the prin- 
cipal investigator of the project. 


Madagascar 


An updated treatment of the plant family 
Lauraeceae, one of the most important tree 
families in wet forests of Madagascar, has 
been granted $52,000 by the National 
Science Foundation. Lauraceae is a rather 
large, predominantly tropical family of trees 
and shrubs of considerable economic 
interest. An account of the family for 
Madagascar was published in 1950, but 
more than twice the number of species will 
be published in this newer treatment. This 
will fill the needs of many people working in 
the forests, including botanists, anthropolo- 
gists, ecologists, foresters, and zoologists. 
The treatment will be included in the Flore 
de Madagascar, to be published in French 
by the Natural History Museum in Paris. 
The principal investigator of the project, Dr. 
Henk van der Werff, expects that any 
number of new plant species will be discov- 
ered during the course of the project. 


Arabidopsis 


NSF also awarded $223,130 for Dr. Ihsan 
Al-Shehbaz’s study of the systematics and 
phylogeny of Arabidopsis. The story appears 
on page 17, 


RESEARCH DIVISION NEWS 


Ihsan Al-Shehbaz 


A Landmark Study of the World’s Simplest Flowering Plant 


OUSE-EAR CRESS, Arabidopsis 
ebiated is a member of the 
ard family, which also 
includes ee Brussels sprouts, broc- 
coli, cauliflower, water cress and radishes. 
It is an unprepossessing Eurasian weed 
found along roadsides in many parts of the 
world, and it is fast becoming the plant of 
choice for basic biochemical, developmental 
and genetic research worldwide. 
arden researcher Dr. Ihsan Al- 
Shehbaz, one of the world’s leading experts 
on the mustard family, has received a 
$223,130 grant from the National Science 
Foundation (NSF) to conduct a basic 
systematic study of the genus Arabidopsis, 
which remains very poorly understood 
despite its wide distribution. Dr. Al- 
Shehbaz will conduct the study in addition 
to his primary work on the Flora of China 


CLIFF WILLIS 


project. 

Mouse-ear cress is prized for scientific 
research because it possesses the simplest 
genome of any flowering plant, with no 
repetitive DNA and a very small number of 
chromosomes. This makes it ideal for 
studying fundamental biological processes, 
especially because the plant is also extraor- 
dinarily easy to grow in the laboratory. It 
has a generation time of only four to six 
weeks and is small enough to grow thou- 
sands of plants in a small room. It is self- 
fertilizing and thrives on a variety of 
synthetic growing media. The NSF has 
established a multimillion dollar goal of iden- 
tifying the complete gene sequence of 
Arabidopsis thaliana by the year 2000. 

‘‘Understanding a simple organism 
makes it much easier to study more 
complex ones,’’ Dr. Al-Shehbaz explained. 


Dr. He Shan-an 


‘Arabidopsis may become a model for 
studying plant evolution. Yet the very basic 
information on the genus is almost non- 
existent, including its nearest relatives, 
number of species, and reproductive 
biology. Also, very little living material has 
been collected for study. Our project will 
address all of those issues, providing the 
scientific ee ed with a detailed profile 
of the genu 

The aiee involves extensive field 
work in central Asia, the region of greatest 
diversity for Arabidopsis. Seeds collected 

will be deposited at the Arabidopsis Biolog- 

ical Resource Center at Ohio State Univer- 
sity, where they will be made available to 
scientists worldwide. Dr. Al-Shehbaz is also 
reviewing thousands of herbarium 
specimens from more than 80 herbaria from 
all over the world, and will be collaborating 
with molecular biologists studying 
Arabidopsis at other institutions 

‘T will need to collect in China and Tibet 
next year,’ Ihsan says. ‘‘Mouse-ear cress 
grows as a naturalized weed all over the 
world, but to find native populations we 
must go to central Asia, a very difficult place 
to travel. The field work will be concen- 
trated in Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, 
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and 
adjacent China 

recites Ihsan is familiar with that 
part of the world. He is a 1962 graduate 
with highest honors from the University of 
Baghdad. He earned his Ph.D. from 
Harvard in 1973, and his published doctoral 
dissertation received the Garden’s presti- 
gious Greenman Award. Ihsan returned to 
the Middle East where he taught at various 
universities until 1980, when he returned to 
the U.S. to do postdoctoral work at 
Harvard. In 1990 he came to the Garden to 
work on the Flora of China project. Of his 
landmark work with Arabidopsis he says, ‘‘I 
am delighted to be able to help make this 
contribution to our basic knowledge.’’ 


DIRECTOR OF eo ret CARDEN VISES ST a 


in Nan 


direct. 


ying, 
im rae — ee Garden it in nee. _ He also 


Jia angsu 


yat-sen in Nanjing. St. 


pein Institute and Botanical Garden mem. Dr. Sun- 
Louis and Nanjing are sister cities, 
si He was in St. ‘cosas to discuss a munber of collabora- 


with the Garden 


and other institutions. Dr. He (left) i is shown here in the 
Garden’s h estar um with Dr. William Tai, coordinator of 


17, 
BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


EDUCATION DIVISION NEWS 


enjoyed a breat 


+ 


A WALK IN THE TREE TOPS—Participants in a Garden tour last year 

htaking view of the Amazon rain forest of Peru from 
an aerial footbridge, an integral part of The Amazon Center for 
Environmental Education & Research (ACEER). A team of Peruvian 
Tipe eke 


TF). 


Education Division pl 
in, hess Y + © - rR ) BY -. I. 7 i 


euuicds 


Education classes at the Garden open 
students’ eyes to the wonders of the natural 
world. They also seek to instill sense of 
responsibility for preserving the Earth’s 
environment. Ten-year-old Anna Mracek 
was inspired to take action by a class on 
tropical deforestation taught by the 
Garden’s Henry Shaw Academy. 

Anna, a student at the Ronald S. 
Beasley School, wrote to the Children’s 


18. 
MM BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


nder the direction of Garden curator Dr. 
completed the tree survey for the canopy walkway. The Garden’s 


Sou 
Be Se 


| 


Conservation Lea 
Rica. The Childre 
Bosque Eterno de lo 


Anna Mracek with tee shirts 
and tote bags her class sold 
to raise money for the Chil- 
dren’s Rain Forest. 


Rain Forest, a project of the Monteverde 
gue of San Jose, Costa 
n’s Rain Forest, or 


New Flashcards for Teachers 


‘A Tropical Feast”’ 


Hot off the presses is a set of 40 educational flashcards 
featuring common and unusual tropical food products. The cards 
picture and describe fruits, vegetables and spices grown in the 
tropics. Each card displays a full color photo of a plant product and 
lists the plant’s scientific name and family, which parts are used, 
where it is grown, where it is native, its uses, and interesting facts 
about the plant. 

The cards were originally developed in 1989 as a component of 
the Tropical Rain Forest Suitcase Science kit funded by the John D. 
and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. Suitcase Science kits 
provide thematic materials, ideas and curriculum designed for 
“‘hands-on’’ classroom activities. They have proved to be ve 
popular with teachers. The original kits received national distribu- 
tion. In 1991 additional funding provided for more kits to be assem- 
bled to meet the burgeoning demand. 

According to Glenn Kopp, the Garden’s instructional coordi- 
nator for adult programs who developed the flashcards, ‘‘The 
decision to publish the cards was a result of nationwide interest in 
the kits and the flashcards. Since the original kits were distributed, 
the Education Division has received numerous requests for the 
flashcards.’’ Kopp also did the photography for the cards. 

Each set of flashcards sells for $18 to Garden members and 
$22.50 to non-members and schools. The cards are available in the 
Garden Gate Shop or may be ordered directly from the Garden’s 
Education Division. For mail orders please include $2 for postage 
and handling. Call (314) 577-5140 or write the Education Division, 
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 
63166-0299. 


of tropical forests for natural preservation. 

With the help of teachers at the Beasley 
School, Anna and her fourth grade class 
decided to sell tee shirts and tote bags 
which were printed with their drawings of 
rain forest animals. Parents of the class also 
contributed the proceeds from a bake sale. 
The students’ science studies were 
augmented by a study of tropical rain 
forests, and the school’s Parents’ Associa- 
tion voted to make the rain forest acreage 
the fourth grade’s graduation gift to the 
school. It was also suggested that future 
fourth grade classes make an ongoing 
commitment to the project. 

Through the efforts of Anna, her class 


Ninos, began through 
the efforts of nine-year-old Roland Tiensuu, 
a Student at a small rural school in Sweden. 
Roland and his classmates raised enough 
money to purchase 15 acres of rain forest in 
Costa Rica: today children around the world 
have contributed funds to buy 14,000 acres 


and teachers, two acres of rain forest have 
been preserved in Costa Rica, and many 
more students are aware of critical environ- 
mental issues. For her efforts, Anna 
received the Amanda Shannon Johnson 
Science Award for best overall science 
student at the Beasley School in 1992. 


EDUCATION DIVISION NEWS 


Christian Massey, Ruth Fevsé eal Laura Siaschicsbakd i in one of the 
arden 


greenhouses at the G. 


Gateway H. ih School Interns 


Three seniors from the Gateway Insti- 
tute of Technology, a new Magnet School in 
the St. Louis Public School District, are 
participating in a year long internship 
program here at the Garden. The students, 
Ruth Fetté, Christina Massey and Laura 
Marchlewski, report to the Garden every 
Thursday morning and spend their school 
day working alongside Garden staff. Ursula 
Rudolf, the students’ supervising teacher at 
Gateway High School, commented that 

‘‘They value this opportunity to work side 
by side with professionals at the Garden, 
learning from them while also gaining expe- 
rience at such a prestigious institution.”’ 

Each student will rotate through the 
Herbarium, the Flora of North America 
project and the Horticulture Division, 
Spending ten weeks in each area. They are 
keeping journals of their experiences and 
will receive three school credits for their 


Bill Davit, Maried Swapp, and members 
of the Education Division at work. 


internships. 

‘‘This program provides high school 
students with a unique opportunity to see 
first hand what the work of science entails,”’ 
said Dr. Larry DeBuhr, director of Educa- 
tion. ‘‘We are pleased to be able to offer 
this valuable experience to seniors, 
exposing them to p 
which may influence their career choices. 
We look forward to continuing to work with 
Gateway Institute of Technology as this 
internship program grows in the future.’’ 

The students have found their experi- 
ence valuable. Ruth Fetté summed it up 
when she said, “‘I’ve learned such a great 
deal. I’ve met wonderful people who truly 
make learning fun and exciting. This has 
been an experience I will never forget.”’ 

—Barbara Addelson, 
ECO-ACT Coordinator 


Creek Cleanup at Ecology Center 


On a warm afternoon in October the 
Garden’s Education Division staff combined 
an environmental cleanup project with a 
tour of the new Litzsinger Road Ecology 
Center. The staff assembled to see the 
newly renovated cabin and teaching deck 
and to help pick up trash that had washed 
into Deer Creek after seasonal floods 
earlier in the year. 

“It is amazing what you can find along 
the stream after floods,’’ says Bill Davit, 
site manager of the Center. ‘‘Deer Creek 
regularly floods in the spring and summer 
when rain storms are heavy. A lot of the 
trash carried by the floods ends up in the 
Center as the flood waters recede.’ On this 


Nature Center 
Administrators Meet 

The Garden hosted a meeting of the 
executive committee of the Association of 
Nature Center Administrators in October. 
The group held a business meeting October 
3, followed by a tour of the Garden and 
dinner. The following day the group 
conducted a seminar on outdoor environ- 


Arboretum and the Garden’s Education 
Division participated in the seminar. 


Education Division 
Receives Grants 

The Edward Chase Garvey Memorial 
Foundation has awarded the Education 
Division at the Garden $7,000 for replace- 
ment of obsolete and worn out instructional 
equipment, and for the purchase of new 
supplies and materials that will strengthen 
the Division’s ability to respond to in- 
es requests for educational pro- 

ming. 


The Education Division has also 
received $4,000 from the Joseph H. and 
Florence A. Roblee Foundation. This gift 
will help the Garden refurbish aging Suit- 
case Science kits. Suitcase Science kits are 
loaned to teachers throughout the metro- 
politan area. These kits are very popular, 
and after ten years of heavy use, many of 
their components need to be replaced. 

Both of these wonderful gifts not only 
help the Garden, but also benefit thousands 
of children and teachers who rely on the 
Missouri Botanical Garden as an a 

educational resource in St. Loui 


day, the cleanup crew collected over ten 
garbage bags of trash, three tires, an old 
wire chair frame, and a living room carpet 
found rolled up and stuck in the stream 
bank 


The Litzsinger Road Ecology Center is 
an urban outdoor environmental education 
site that is used by the Missouri Botanical 

arden to teach ecology and science to 
St. Louis children. In addition to the 
stream, the Center also has deciduous 
forest habitats and a ten-acre prairie that 
provide sites for environmental education 
activities. 


—Jeff DePew, 
Henry Shaw Academy Coordinator 


19. 
BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 SI 


From the 
Garden Gate Shop 


Happy New Year 
Clearance Sale! 


The Shop will hold a pre-inventory Clear- 
ance Sale beginning on New Year’s Day, 
January 1, and continuing through Sunday, 
January 3, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Everything in 
the Shop will be 20 percent off for 
members, including merchandise specially 
marked down. 


Closed for Inventory 


The Shop will close for annual inventory 
Monday, January 4, and will reopen for 
business at 9 a.m. Wednesday, January 6. 


Annual Orchid Sale 


The annual Orchid Sale begins at the 
members’ preview of the Orchid Show, 
Friday evening, January 15, 5 to 8 p.m. The 
sale continues to February 15. Members 
receive a 20 percent discount on orchids, 
plus bark, fertilizer and wire accessories. 


Valentine’s Day Special 


Come to the Shop for the best selection of 
wonderful gifts for all the special people on 
your list. In addition to beautiful jewelry 
and lovely flowering plants you'll find 
garden accessories, books, a wide variety 
of charming toys and gifts, and a very 
special offer on the Shop’s exclusive 
fragrance, ‘‘La Rose de Beauté.’’ February 
1 through 14 you can purchase a 1.5 ml vial 
with a matching sachet for $5.00, regularly 
a $6.50 value. This lovely floral scent is 
packaged in a charming folder that can 
double as a Valentine card. 


Moving? Please Remember 
To Send Us Your New Address. 


To avoid missing any of your membership 


enclose the mailing label on the back cover of 
this Bulletin, and mail to: Membership Office, 
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, 
St. Louis, MO 63166. 


Name: 


Old Address: 


City. 


State Zip 


New Address: (Date effective:____———_—) 


City 


State Zip. 


Volunteers Needed! 


A number of interesting new volunteer 
positions are available at the Garden. 


When it opens this winter the new 
Conservation Center will need a number 
of individuals to greet professional visitors, 
answer general inquiries, and assist with 
clerical tasks. Beginning in February, the 
volunteers will be asked to contribute three 

and a half hours per week, from 9 a.m. to 
12:30 p.m. or 12:30 to 4 p.m. , Monday 
through Friday. 


The Membership Office needs 
volunteers immediately for three hours 
each week, 1 to 4 p.m., Monday, Wednesday 
or Friday. These individuals need good 


organizational, clerical and handwriting 
skills to help process tribute gifts. They will 
be dealing with staff, members and the 
public. 


Several openings are available for each 
job, and training will be provided. Please call 
Jeanne McGilligan at 577-5187 for an appli- 
cation. 


FROM TOWER GROVE HOUSE 


Thanks to Our Volunteers 
We extend our deepest appreciation to 
all of the organizations and individuals who 
helped ig 0 decorate the House for the 1992 
holiday: 
ae Board, Missouri Botanical 
Garden 


Historical Committee, Tower Grove House 
Tower Grove House Auxiliary 

Four Winds Garden Club 

St. Louis Herb Society 


The Twenty-Five Gardeners of Kirkwood 
Webster Groves Garden Clubs No. 4 and5 


Joan Abeln 


Tower Grove House staff 
Botanicals on the Park 


The spectacular Victorian holiday deco- 
rations in Tower Grove House are always 
one of the highlights of the season. Many 
thanks, one and all! 


AS A SPECIAL TRIBU TE to family and friends at important occasions 
throughout the year—birthdays, anniversaries, achievements, 


a 
gift to the Missouri Botanical Garden’s Tribute Fund is a very personal gift. Tributes also help to 
keep the Garden’ 


oe oll |= oe = 
Par 
al 


or as expressions of sympathy— 


A mare rn gs Z a 
=f f ae” SHESE Ds Fo & ~~ 


sent to the famil a 


ow 639m) sesrssisy Vi 


se fies, 
~~ 


im tho, fama i. 
SS e 53 G7 


20. 
WME BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


a ant it 


ored, without reference to the size of the gift, and your tribute 


ulletin. Your Tribute gift is fully tax deductible. You may charge your 
Tribute by calling (314) 577-5118. 


Tri butes SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1992 


In Honor Of 


ip Abra 


Mr. and Mrs. pes Brownstein 


Mr. and Mrs. Gene M. Schneider 
Mr. and Mrs. Randolph Wohltman 


ro 
Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Lowenbaum III 
Melvin F. penn 
Pam Turk 
Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Mr. 
Peter and Gisela Cohen 
Jayne and Nick Carter 
Ms. Kathi Carter 
Dr. Katherine Chambers 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert C. Ely 


Mr. Theodore C. Christner 
Mr. and Mrs. Rodn ey M. Coe 
Mr. Chris Christopher 

Mr. and Mrs. Harold N. Kravin 


Mr. and Mrs. O. R. Collier 
Mr, and — Levi C. Countz 
Siran L. D 


Pitre 
Mr. and Mrs. Rondal Ed 
Mr. Mrs. Thomas Ferguson 
oulk 


r. and Mrs. ma Howell and Family 
Mrs. Ruth Kas 
Mr. and ‘ch Baar C. Klecka 
Emma M.L 


Edith Pj 

Mr. and Mrs. Steven i Pent ed 
Mr. and Mrs. Bill Raus 

Mary and Samu elJ. oo 

Talbert tt, Nancy, David Senter 


uires 
John Squies 
ike Squires 
Mr. Clyde V. Sturgeon 


Mr. irene: Cronheim 

d Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 
i r. and Mrs Bes aga 
Brookhaven Garten 
Mr. ae Mrs. E. - 

Cunni 

Mrs. Bae H. Bourgeois 
Dorothy Czeschin 
Helen Heidbrink 
Jane Arnold 


Pam and ether Ebsworth 

Mrs. Edie W. Pr 

Adam Eveloff 

Cookie and Ted Golde 

Mrs. Melvin Feist 

Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mr. and Mrs. John D. Felker 

Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler 

Dr. and Mrs. Virgil Loeb 

Sr. Charlotte Flarlong SSND 

Provincial Council 

Mr. Ken Fletcher 

Thach Family 

ae Mary dase Flynn SSND 

vincial Cou 

ay and wri ghee W. 
Forsman 

Mrs. Herbert Markwort 


ert D. Frey 
Mrs. Edward A. Dubinsky 
Mr. Carl Gallop 
Mr. and Mrs. E. Dorsey Ruth 
Julie Gleeson 
Mr. and Mrs. Norman Wielansky 
Audrey and Wally Goebel 
Polly Spoede 
Mrs. Coral —. 
Margie, Lou, Todd Lazaru 
Mrs. Penny Goldenhersh 
Margie, Lou, Todd L 


Dr. and Mrs. Jerry Meyers 


Mr. and Mrs. William S. Kohut 
——. and Tony Grosch 
r. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 


Mr. and Mrs. August H. 
omeye 

Mrs. John R. Ruhoff 

Mrs. Landon Y. Jones 

Mrs. Joseph F. Gleason 

Mr. 7 Mrs. William S. 


Mr. and tek Herbert M. Talcoff 
Gloria Karoll 
Kathy Becker and Laura Rainey 
Mr. and Mrs. Bernard H. Sirkin 
Mr. and Mrs. John P. Kiske 
se and Carole Althen 

and Mrs 7 reg Koehler 
sa seo Gisela C 
Mr. and Mrs. ie Toenis 

oetter 

Mrs. Clifford W. Murphy 
Mr. Tom Kolbrener 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Ed and Cathy aaa 
June H. Kottmeie 
Mr. Jerry cise 
Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Stone 
Katherine and Arthur Krings 
Mr. and Mrs. Cleveland Cooper 


Mrs. Dudley J. Cohen 
Mr. and Mrs. Louis M. Ettman 
Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Millie Wolff 
Mr. and Mrs. Sam —" 
Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas Scha 
Dr. and Mrs. Joseph re 
L 


auber 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Senkosky 
Dorothy Loeb 


Joyce and Sam Davis 


Mrs. Jeanne 


Shirley and Tom Long 
i T. Hahn 


Mrs. Carolyn Losos 
Mr. and Mrs. Adam Aronson 


Lucile McCook 

hangs rea Brian Ward 
Midge Ti 

pstecding Siatideict 

Anne M. McDonnell 


Mr. and Mrs. Leo Brownstein 
Ronald Miller 
Patricia Levy 
Lisa ey ena 
Carol Mos 
Dr. and Mrs. years M. Goldman 
Zachary Palans 
Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Stone 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Rands 
Mrs. John C, Kloeppner 
Mrs. Ruth Rogers 
Mrs. G. Kenneth Robins 
Bob Ross 
Mr. and Mrs. Gideon H. Schiller 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Edwar 
Rottma 
Dr. and Mrs. Harry T. Duffy 
Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Goldberg 
Mr. Ernest — 
Augusta T. Fee 
genre and Baward Scallet 
Mrs. Gideon H. Schiller 

airs. "aaa Schermer 
Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Barad 
Mrs. Nancy Singer 
Mr. and Mrs. a L. Tucker 
Dr. Shannon Sm 
Missouri ay ules School 
ri Martin Sneider 

and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
ra Jerome Steiner 
Mrs. David Gutman 
John and Carolyn Stern 
Their Children 
Mrs. Lewis Tubbesi 
Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Mr. and Mrs. Brian Ward 
Mrs. Oscar J. Conrad Jr. 
Mrs. Jack A. Jacobs 
Mrs. Hilda Weber 
Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Smith 
Mr. 0. Sage Wightman III 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hitchcock 
Sr. Richelle ee SSND 
Provincial Cou 
Mrs. ake Wolff 
Peter and Gisela Cohen 
Mrs. Barbara York 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 


continued on next page 


21. 
BULLETIN | JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 ERI 


continued 


In Memory Of 


Mrs. Anna Adams 

Sue and Toshi Doi 

Margaret, Sister of 

Mr. and Mrs. Bill Albers 

Mr. and Mrs. Sam Davis 

Claudette Allen 

Josey and Karen Page 

Mrs. Estelle tense 
Mrs. Bernice Hilge 

Mrs. Saale sities are 

Mr. and Mrs. Andrew R. Baldassare 

Mr. Jim Ballard 

Hal Wuertenbaecher 


r. and Mrs. Raymond R. Burke 
Mr. and Mrs. James F. Christmann 
Ms, Mary Cupini 
Mrs. Robert E. Flood 


Miss Ruth M. Boxdorfer 
Mrs. Betty A. Melby 


ae: 
WE BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


Mr. Lloyd Brinson 

Mr. and Mrs. David Ross 

Walter H. Brockmann 

Mrs. Robert Bell 

Benson, LaMear and McCormack 
Mr. Siegfried E. Brockmann 
<i Spuebrregaa Inc. 

Dr. Ann Joha 

Mrs. J. Sean Janson 

Baron Henri Capp 

Dr. and Mrs. Walter e pine II 
Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur 


Mr. and Mrs. Dwight A. Miller 
Mrs. John H. Morris Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Raymond W. Peters II 
Mr. and Mrs. Nelson A. Reed 


Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Taylor 

Mr. Birch oe 

Mrs. Edith J. S 

Mr. William en 

Dr. and Mrs. Ernest T. Rouse 

Mr. and Mrs. Edmonstone F. 
Thompson 

Mrs. Chips _— Clark 

Dr. M 

Miss Catherine ae 

Mrs. R; 

Mrs. Mar arie pai lius 

Mr. and Mrs. Gabriel J. Alberici 

Ms. vb ae oT 

The Behlma 

Mother of D Davia Davis 

Paul and Jan Newho 

Mr. Render Denson 

Helen “pawilhati and Family 

Ellana E. Dinsmore 

Rosemary Association of 
Garden Clubs 


Mr. Everett J. cule 
rs. Clifford Sax 

Carl aida - 

r. and Mrs. William H. Ferrell 
Mr. Aloyisius Flatken 
Ms. Anita Pozsgay 
Mrs. Mary Lucille Flotken 
Blanche E. Andersen 


Iola McCoy Tennis League 
Mrs. William R. Klei 
Ms. Audrey Lie b 


Mr. and Mrs. La aes 
Jewel M. Francis 

Mr. and Mrs. Hugh McPheeters 
Mrs. Elaine Friedman 

Mr. and Mrs. Norman Wielansky 


im Gad 
Mrs. Laura Mae Cassel 
Mrs. Gagnon 
Ms. Carol Winborn 
Mrs. Angelina George 
Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 
Mrs. Dorothy Gieseke 
Edna and Elmer Freber 
Mr. George C. Giessing 
Mr. and Mrs. Edgar J. Neidel 
Mrs. vennese Goldfarb 
Gloria Kar 
Mr. and .: Gideon H. Schiller 
Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Miss gee Groves 
Ms. Peg Yo 
Mrs. Sea 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. LaMear 
Mr. Charles G’ Sell 


Mrs. Marilyn Rutledge 
Spirit of St. Louis Region- 
Classic Car Club of America 


Mr. and Mrs. Larry Keightley 
Ms. Rosella Keightley 

Oliver aad Hogan 
Eileen 

roi and ‘ake Hogan 

Mr. Joseph C. Hopewell 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Kehoe 
Kimberly Ann Hussey 
Frank and Marjorie Ellis 


Mr. and Mrs. George W. 
Ingram 


Mr. and Mrs. George M. Ingram 


Mr. Al Jacobs 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert M. Mayer 
o. John Jacobson 

nn and George Hagee 
ic. Carol B. Kaplan 
Ms. Jean Jenatton 
The Dahms Family 
Mr. Elmer Kiefer 
Mrs. Joseph W. Towle 
Mrs. Ruth Elizabeth Killeen 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Mathieu 
Mrs. Mary Eddy Klein 
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy Jr. 
Dorothy Koellin 


ebster Groves Garden Club 
roup #20 


Mr. Harry ~ scorer 

Mrs. John F. H 

Mr. Michael J J. as 

Mr. and Mrs. Talbert Senter 

Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence W. Thilking 
Mrs. Rita Laflin 

Mr. and Mrs. Nathan B. Kaufman 
Mrs. Charlotte A. rer 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald J. Vi 


Mrs. serge serra ane 
; es Jr. 
Mr. Malon GI pt 
June Fauth 
General Accounting Department 
Fri 


ends 
Carol Hegger 
Barbara Kopp 
Ron Unger 
srs siponianae 
and M Salniker 


arry 
ake Wilhelmina Linberg 
Mrs. Eveline E. Kaercher 
Mrs. Alice Lucas 
Dorothy Mae Linsin 
ell 


Ms. Vera A. Obst 

Lucille 

Mr. and Mrs. emg Ferrell 
Mrs. Gertrude A. Lux 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Schwarting 
Mr. Paul Maher 

Mr. ae - Decker 

John C 

Ray M. as 

St. Louis —— Center 

Linda Whee 

Robert Allen Matheny 
Christine Bradford 

Uncle Buddy 

Aunt Kristy 

Danielle 


DeDe 
Mrs. Anna Mathes 


Mrs. Dellar K. G. McConnell 
Mr. and Mrs. Arthur E. S. Schmid 


Mrs. John McDaniel 
Portland Terrace Golf Association 
Mrs. Barbara McKelvey 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Mr. Denis McLo ughlin 

Dr. and Mrs. Josey M. Page Jr. 
Mr. Gerard McMahon Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Fred Carter 

Mr. John M. McNamara 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Symonds 
Mr. Harold McTeer 

Ms. Betty Jane Kramer 
Mother of Ann Meine 

Mr. and Mrs. John Warakomski 
Mrs. Elsie Menges 

Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 
Mr. John R. Metcalf 

Ms. Doris E. Whitlock 

Mother of Vivian Meyer 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff 


Jerry and Lea Wischmeyer 
Jim and Diana Wischmeyer 


Mrs. Octavia Nehmen 
r. and Mrs. H S r 
Mrs. Fern N n 


Mr. and Mrs. Vernon W. Piper 
Mr. Gregory J. Nooney Sr. 


Mrs. Bruce Yacyshyn 


“ead William Oberbeck 


Jeff and Susan Seabo orn 
Jean an Vaida, — Sandy, Cliff, 
S, Jeann 


Mr. and Mrs. eee Vogel 
Ms. Mildred H. Peters 
Mr. and Mrs, Douglas A. Jacobs 


ee 


Mr. Albert E. Peterson 
Mr. and Mrs. Daniel H. Goetz 
Ruth Quint 

Trevelyn W. Zander 


lizabeth Ro 

Monsanto Compan: 
Rowe 

Hilda Scholz 
nag ase - oe 
Ms. Jan 
Mr. ok R Ruwitch 
Dr. and Mrs. Lewis C. Fischbein 


Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Rogers 
Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Scharff 
Mrs. Vardi M. Veeder 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Weil Jr 
Mrs. Theodore = 
Miss Mary E. 

Miss Beatrice C. tcc 
John Schossow 

Mr. and Mrs. Ronald C. Schubert 
Dr. Melvin Schwartz 

Harry and Rosalind Salniker 
Edward Schwebel 

Dorothea Schwebel 


Virginia Rahn 

Mildred Shaikewitz 

Carolyn Goldberg and Famil 

Mr. and Mrs. ine iiee Lieberman 


endy 
Mr. and Mrs. E. R. si Jr. 
Mr. James M. Shelton 
Kent and Kathleen Westerfield 
Mr. William W. Shillington 
Mrs. George W. Skinner 
Mr. Ric Sides 
Mrs. Mary Bruns 
Mrs. Raizell Kalishman 

rs. Beatrice me 

Gloria and Len Kar 
Dr. Bartlett D. eau 


Will and Andy Day 

a “ — Slavin 
Ellen 

Robert F Fishel 


Father of Mrs. Emmet Carter 
Smi 


Mr. and Mrs. David Sherman Jr. 
Lloyd F, Smith 


auri 
Stephanie Smith 
Laura Smitzer 
Mr. and Mrs. Gideon H. Schiller 
Mr. C.C. Johnson Spink 

r. and Mrs. F. Russell Fette 
Jane Pcie MacMillan 


Mrs. Harriet Baur Spoehrer 
Mrs. John H. Griesedieck 

Mr. Douglas B. MacCarthy 

sig ee gheetatriae 


sali rater Stam a poe 
Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Hi 
psc D. Steefel 


Dr. and Mrs. Maurice J. Keller 

Mr. Sam Stickler 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul A. Fischer 

Mrs. Eleanor Conant Storrs 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brookings 
mith 


Lillian Susman 
Mrs. Ruth Richman 
David Thebeau 
Mrs, Elizabeth T. Robb 
Jeffrey Allen Tilley 
Dr. Conrad J. Zoeller 
Mr. Biagio Tumbarello 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Mrs. Opal Mae Vancil 
Miss Mary Lynne Sunderman 
Helen Vickro 
Missouri Botanical Garden— 
Members’ Board 
Mrs. Charles Waite 
Dr. and Mrs. Robert Vanderpearl 
Mary C. Walker 
Dr. and Mrs. Harry Bozoian 


Mr. John K. Wallace Sr. 
Mr. and Mrs 


Mr. Charles F. Bate 

Mr. and Mrs parse F. Boyd Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Dennis 2 paid 

Mr. William H. Edmist 

Mr. and Mrs. ane? S. pre ee Il 
McKinley 


rras 
Mr. and Mrs. Jackson J. Shinkle 
Mrs. Whitelaw Terry 
Mr. Franklin F. Wallis Sr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert A. Mack 
Mr. and Mrs. Alan C. Steigleman 
Barbara K. Wermke 
Youth Forum Friends 
Mrs. Winifred Westerhoff 
Ms. Lynn K. Silence 
Mrs. Eleanor Carter White 
Mr. and Mrs. John ey Jr. 
Mr. Charles E. Clagg 
Mr. and Mrs. - Boariman Jones Jr. 
Mrs. Martha N. Sim 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank A. eee Jr. 
Mr. Dick Williams 
Mrs. Myra Blumenthal 
Mrs. Helen Wolff 
Mr. and Mrs. Martin Schneider 


cy Wright 
Mark and Maria Weingartner 
Mr. Ben Yassky 
Dr. and Mrs. Harry Burack 
cra Eleanor Ziegler 
and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 


Board of Trustees 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman III 
President 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. 
Mr. Stephen F. Brauer 


Mrs. Sam Fox 


Mr. William R. Orthwein, Jr. 
Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross 
The Hon. Vincent C. Schoemehl, Jr. 
Mrs. Walter G. Stern 


Mr. Jack E. Thimes 
Dr. Blanche Touhill 
Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. 
The Hon. George R. Westfall 


EMERITUS TRUSTEES 
Mr. Howard F. Baer 
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale 
Mr. Joseph H. Bascom 
Mr. John iggs 
Mr. Jules D. Campbell 
Mr. Henry Hitchcock 
Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide 
Mrs. Vernon W. Piper 
Mr. Louis S. Sachs 
Mr. Daniel L. Schlafly 
Mr. Warren M. Shapleigh 
Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. 
Mr. Robert Brookings Smith 
Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr. 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


HONORARY TRUSTEES 
Dr. Mildred Mathias 
Prof. Philippe Morat 


DIRECTOR 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


MEMBERS’ BOARD 
Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais 
President 


Mrs. Robert Schulte 
Mrs. Todd D. Arnold 
Mrs. David Dimit 
Mr. William A. Gilbert 


23. 
BULLETIN / JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1993 


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final phase of construction, preparing to open this 
uilding, completely renovated, and a new 8,340 
Center will provide offices for the Horticulture 
-of-art facility for the Horticultural Answer 
) eTYKe,: fo: Center for Plant Conservation and the Gateway to Gardening 
Association. The building at the right of the picture houses the Garden’s boiler facilities. 


MISSOL ‘I BOTANICAL GARDEN BULLETIN (ISSN-0026-6507 SECOND CLASS 
“). Box 299 J POSTAGE 


Saint Louis. Missouri 63166 E 
“ants. MO 
AT ST. LOUIS, ! 


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AD 


MARCH / APRIL 


1993 


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EARLY SPRING is always a time of intense activity for gardeners, and this year is no 


exception. We are absolutely delighted to be moving ahead with the Center for 
Home Gardening and the development of its outdoor display gardens. This is 
truly an exciting innovation in horticultural education, offering a living labora- 
tory of ideas for every type of gardening interest. (Please see pages 6 and 7.) 

In January we welcomed new slates of officers to the Board of Trustees 
and the Members’ Board. The Garden has made extraordinary progress on all of 
its endeavors during the past two years under the splendid leadership of O. Sage 
Wightman Ill, the outgoing president, and we extend to him our deepest 
appreciation for his unstinting commitment of time and energy. We are 
delighted to welcome John K. Wallace, Jr., as the new president of the Board. 
John has been a devoted friend of the Garden for many years, and we look 
forward to continuing the Garden's progress under his guidance. And as Mary 
Longrais enters her second year as president of the Members’ eae 
Board, we salute her for her commitment and leadership. 

As you gear up for the growing season, we are sure 
you will find inspiration in our ever-popular Gardening by 
Design Lecture Series in March. Five different experts will 
share a wealth of ideas for you to try at home. And for your 
children, take a moment to consider the truly exciting 
opportunities for fun and learning offered by the Henry Shaw 

cademy Summer Science Camp (see page 20. 

As you may have noticed, with this issue of the 
Bulletin we introduce a new, updated design. We hope you enjoy it and find it 
pleasant and easy to read. And please be sure to visit the Spring Flower Show 
with your family and friends. It is a glorious way to get the first glimpse of the 
springtime blooming season just around the corner. 


— Peter H. Raven, Director 


TIM PARKER 


OPEN HOUSE APRIL 24 -- Members and the public will have an 
opportunity to see the Garden’s research division in action and to 
lic. 1 l . . 1 


visit the w 


fa John S. Lehmann Building. 
Learn how millions of plant specimens are dried, mounted and 
stored for future reference; visit the Garden’s renowned botanical 
library; and talk with botanists about their work collecting plants 
all over the world. 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

Toavoid missing any of yourmem- 
bership mailings, we need 


notification of your new address at 


| 


least three weeks before you move. 
Please enclose the mailing label on 
the back cover of this Bulletin and 
mail to: 


Name: eR Oa eee eee 
Old Address: 

Street = Sereeeee y= 
re ere 
ep ee 


New Address: 


Date effective. ee 


po See Ree oe eee 

City_ 2 Sa 
eat ip ee 
Ce eed 


On the Cover 
Yatsuhashi Bridge in the 
Japanese Garden. 
Photo by King Schoenfeld 


Editor 
Susan Wooleyhan Caine 


Missouri Botanical Garden 
P. O. Box 299 
St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 


The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is 
published bi-monthly by the Missouri 
Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower Grove 
Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Second 
class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 
The BULLETIN issent to every mem- 
s a benefit of 
membership. For a contribution of as 
little as $45 per year, members also are 
entitled to: free admission to the Gar- 
n Shaw Arh ‘ 


de 


o 
a 
+ 
° 
= 
si 
o 
G) 
b=) 
= 
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ta) 
=) 
+) 


LUulrl, 


receptions; announcements of all lec- 
tures and classes; discounts in the 
Garden Gate Shop and course fees; and 


| the opportunity for travel, domesticand 


| abroad, with other members. For infor- 


| changes to: B 


mation, please call (314) 577-5108. 
Postmaster: Please send address 
lletin, Miss i Botanical 
Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 
63166-0299, 


T their Annual Meeting 
onJanuary 13, 1993, the Board 
of Trustees elected John K. 
Wallace, Jr.as president, David 
W. Kemper as first vice presi- 
dent, and William H. T. Bush 
as second vice president. Mr. 
Wallace succeeds O. Sage 
Wightman III as president. 

Mr. Wightman, aseniorvice 
president of Stifel Asset Man- 
agement Company, hasserved 
on the Board since 1983 and was elected president in January 1991. In tribute to his work as 
president, Mr. Wallace said, “Sage has served this institution magnificently during his tenure. 
He has been prudent, conscientious, know-ledgeable and available to provide the necessary 
leadership for the Board and the institution. It is with a sincere sense of 
gratitude that I assume this responsibility.” 

Mr. Wallace went on to enumerate some of the accomplishments of 
Mr. Wightman’s term as president: maintaining financial strength and 
stability, enabling the Garden's programs to continue to serve the public 
well; tremendous growth in the research program; increases in the 
number of volunteers and in almost all services provided by the Garden; 
welcoming the 30,000th family member in May 1992; opening the 
William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening in June 1991: welcoming the Center for Plant 
Conservation, which established its headquarters at the Garden during 1991; establishing a 
Cultural Diversity Council at the Garden: awarding the first Ernest E. Just Scholarship to inspire 
and support African-American students to pursue degrees in science; building the new 
Conservation Center; working with the Litzsinger Road Ecology Foundation to develop the 
Litzsinger Road Ecology Center for outdoor sci ducation prog ; establishi 
a 24-hour information gardening service for the public; and overseeing the expansion of all the 
Garden's public programs and services. 

The Board of Trustees presented Mr. Wightman with an original botanical painting by 
George Olson, who was artist-in-residence at the Garden last fall. Mr. Wightman said, “It has 
been a tremendous pleasure for me to serve as president, and I look forward to working with 
John and the Board to help the Garden continue to grow as a world class institution.” 

John K. Wallace joined the Board in 1982. He became interested in the Garden during the 
1980 capital campaign for the Ridgway Center and has worked tirelessly to further the growth 
and expansion of Garden programs ever since. A native St. Louisan, he retired recently as 
chairman and chief executive officer of Imperial Products Corporation. 

"The Garden is entering a very challenging era," Mr. Wallace observed. “In the near future 
we plan to make major investments in facilities and programs that will take the Garden’s 
international leadership i h, t d display into the 21stcentury. I feel extremely 
honored to assume the presidency of the Board at this time, and I look forward to working with 
Trustees, staff and community leaders to make an excellent institution even better.” 


HortLine 
oO 9 


artes 


New 
‘Trustees 


Elected 


Wightman III, 
Peter H 
Raven. 


MAR 10 1993 


GARDEN LIBRARY 


continued on next page 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 3. 


) 


Trustees continued 


Peter H. Raven, director of the Garden, said, “One of our institution’s greatest strengths is the caliber 
of the individuals who volunteer their time, energy and resources to help the Garden grow and prosper. 
It has been a pleasure anda privilege to work with Sage Wightman, who has done a superb job during one 
of the busiest times of Garden expansion, and I am glad that he will remain on the Board and continue to 
give us the benefit of his counsel. I am looking forward to working with John Wallace and the rest of the 
Board as we face our ene ener 

Also electedat th Trustees, Carolyn W. Lososand The Honorable Carol 
E. Jackson. Each was elected fora two- -year term. Board members Charles F. Knight and Lucius B. Morse 
III were elected Life Trustees, and Robert R. Hermann and William R. Orthwein, Jr. were named Emeritus 
Trustees. Prof. Philippe Morat was re-elected to a two-year term as Honorary Trustee, and Dr. Robert 
Ornduff was elected to a four-year term as Honorary Trustee, succeeding Dr. Mildred Mathias (see p. 5). 


New 
Episcopal 


Bishop 


Joins Board 


Right: The Rt. Rev. 
Hays Hamilton 
Rockwell, Ninth 
Episcopal Bishop of 
Missouri 


At right: At the June, 
1992, meeting of the 
Garden’s Board, the 
Trustees honored 
Bishop Jones for his 
eighteen years of 
service to the Garden. 
From left: Peter H. 
Raven, Bishop Jones, 
O. Sage Wightman 
III. 


4. BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL 1993 


IN A CEREMONY on Thursday, January 21, 1993, at Christ Church Cathedral in St. 
Louis, the Rt. Rev. Hays Hamilton Rockwell was installed as the Ninth Bishop of the 
Episcopal Diocese of Missouri, succeeding retiring Bishop William A. Jones, Jr. In his 
Will, Henry Shaw, founder of the Missouri Botanical Garden, specified that certain 
individuals should serve on the Garden's Board of Trustees “by virtue of their office,” 
including the Bishop of the Episcopal Church. With hisinstallation, Bishop Rockwell 
became a member of the Garden’s Board. 

Bishop Jones had been a valued member of the Garden’s Board since he was 
consecrated as Eighth Bishop of Missouri on May 3, 1975. He has been on sabbatical 
eave in England since last June, where he will 


continue as assistant to the vicar at St. Margaret’s, 
Rainham, near London, until next August. Bishop 
Jones was serving as rector of St. John’s Church in 
Johnson City, Tennessee, when he was elected 
Bishop of Missouri. 


Peter H. panes, director of in Garden, aia 
“Bishop J 


t 


tii 


Missouri Botanical cates ai the many years 


he served as a Trustee. He always understood the 


continued on next page 


MARILYN ZIMMERMAN 


RICHARD BENKOF 


Bishop continued 


mission of our i 1 believed 

integrity. We held his service to the Garden in the ar 

esteem and we will always be deeply grateful for his 

fas aM 
(3 


| th onth 


of his work with 
the Garden, “The act exciting thing was the continual 
expansion of my horizons on the importance of environ- 
pairs sues, Through celebrations oaeh as Power Sun- 


mental Coalition th b {to share with others 
= see iia I I gained at the Garden, oe environmental 

us all. Serving 
on the Garden’s Board of Trustees was a wonderful experi- 
ence and I always received far more than I gave.” 

In honor of Bishop Jones’ outstanding service to the 
Garden, the eeecopa ngage of Missouri made a gift to 
support the lly illustrated 25-volume 
book on the medicinal herbs of China for the Garden's 
library. In addition, the Episcopal Church Women of the 
Diocese of Missouri gave a tribute to the Garden in honor 
of Margaret Jones, wife of Bishop Jones, of a double white 
flowering Camellia japonica ‘Noblissima’ located at the east 
end of the Linnean House. The Garden is deeply grateful 
for both of these magnificent gifts. 

Bishop Rockwell was elected Bishop Coadjutor in 
October 1990 to succeed Bishop Jones on his retirement 
and was consecrated March 2, 1991. A native of Detroit, 
Bishop Rockwell received a master’s degree from The 
Episcopal Theological School in Cambridge, Massachu- 
setts, following his graduation from Brown University. He 
was ordained to the priesthood in 1962 and studied at Oriel 
College, Oxford University, England, 1966 to 1967. He 
came to Missouri from St. James’ Church in New York City, 
where he had been rector since 1976. 

Upon becoming a member of the Board, Bishop 
Rockwell said, “Mrs. Rockwell and I are grateful for the 
warm welcome we doch ere . the Garden and in St. 
Louis, andlam | working 
with the Board and with Peter Raven ir in the months and 
years ahead.” 


Flower Festival Is April 24 and 25 


Henry _— _ 4-year-old legacy to the E 


RA: PT i 
Ses twawweee i 


= f 


soho Sb 408082 FE Ez. a= 


Church Cathedial. 13th and Locust in St. — 24-25. 
In his Will , Henry Shaw p i 

sermon hes be Seeeeree. es the guidance of the Bishop of 
the E urch of , on “the wisdom 
and ecdocsn of God as shown in the oth of the flowers, 
fruits and other products of the vegetable kingdom.” Known 
affectionately for many years as Flower Sunday, the event 
has become a Flower Festival eats masa In ey of wold 
Shaw, the Gard ote Seer 


decorate the Cathedral he the event. This year the theme of 


New Honorary ‘Trustee Named 


In his Will, Henry Shaw created two positions on the Board for Honor- 
ary Trustees, who were to be selected for their scientific eminence. The 
individuals selected by Shaw predeceased him, and the positions were 
never filled until the Board’s centennial year, 1989, when Prof. Philippe 
Morat and Dr. Mildred E. Mathias were elected to four-year terms. At 
the Annual Meeting of the Board on January 13, 1993, the Board elected 
Prof. Morat to a second two-year term and elected Dr. Robert Ornduff to 
succeed Dr. Mathias. —Editor 


ROBERT ORNDUFF, recently retired professor 
of botany at the University of California, 
J Berkeley, is an outstanding scientist and a 
champion of horticulture and conservation. 
Born in Portland, Oregon, in 1932, he re- 
ceived his B.A. from Reed College, M.S. from 
University of Washington, and Ph.D. from 
the University of California, Berkeley. He 
was director of the Jepson Herbarium and 
Library from 1968 to 1982, and director of 
the U.C. Botanical Garden from 1973 to 1991. 
The Botanical Garden, a jewel ofa garden 
set high in the hills above the U.C. campus, 
has one of the richest and most interesting plant collections of any 
garden, all plants of known origin. During Ornduff's tenure as director, 
many areas € ae Garden itself were Bereoped: a shidbioaa group 
flourished, an 
a major part of the activities at the Garden. 
Ornduff is an authority on the plants of California. He is a noted 
plant taxonomist and has done pioneering work on the evolution of 
breeding systems in plants, studying such diverse groups as Lasthenia 
(goldfielts) in soar and Cycas Kcycads} in 1 Australia. Many plant 
, including 
MBG assistant director Nancy Morin, 2 their Ph.D.’s under 
Ornduff’s direction. “It will be a real pleasure to work with Dr. Ornduff 
in his role as Honorary Trustee and to be able to benefit ie his depth 
of botanical garden knowledge and expertise,” said Mori 


have become 


the Festival is “Youth” and the — geoueges by the 
Festival will benefit the Gatewayt iation's 
Youth Projects and the Youth Development eieciehines of the 
Diocese. 

The Festival features a street fair on sesame followed 


by the “Flower Sermon” y at the 11 a.m. service. This 


ri =o5 @ et 


Sa Seeee 


year the Flower i by the Rt. Rev. Peter 
Beckwith, Bishop of Springfield. The floral decorations in the 
Cathedral may be viewed by visitors free of charge from 10 
a.m. to 2 p.m. through Monday, April 27. All members of the 
Garden and their friends are urged to visit Christ Church 
Cathedral during the celebration. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 5, 


eee 6 NO U6USlUmECUCdaRCUC AcLUlUMTCUCdaLhCOUCOWUlUW 


(,ardens 


In June, 1991, an exciting new facility was dedicated on the grounds of the Missouri Botanical 
Garden: the William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening, named through the generosity of 
the William T. Kemper Foundation, Commerce Bank, Trustee. The Garden is now planning to 
move ahead with the addition of 23 residentially scaled demonstration gardens to surround the 
education building. In this and coming issues, we will describe the gardens, both those already 
sponsored and those still open for donation. Members interested in learning more about sponsor- 
ship may call the Garden's Development Office at (314) 577-5120. 


Lip e rim e nN ta / When Audrey and John Steinfeld wanted to find a unique and beautiful 


way to memorialize her parents, Rose J. and Justin A. Naumann, they 
(; cs naturally thought of the Missouri Botanical Garden. The Steinfelds are 
an er avid gardeners and have been members of the Garden for more than 20 


years. 
a a Donate d About ten years ago, they moved to a home on a 3.75-acre lot just so 


they could garden ona scale fitting their dreams. With Audrey in 
charge of herbs, perennials and annuals and John handling the vegetables, trees and shrubs, 
they like to think of their place as a “miniature Shaw’s Garden.” 
The Steinfelds selected the Experimental Garden for their tribute to the Naumanns. 


possible.” 


_ Entering the Experimental Garden by way of a cedar pergola, the visitor will find a 
series of test plots and borders. Movable exposed- 


arch with seating shaded by grapevines 
will invite visitors to linger and learn. 

In explaining their choice, Audrey 
said with a laugh, “We thought that, 
since we've all been experimenting as 
amateurs for all these years, this garden 
was especially appropriate. People will 
profit so much -- it will cut down on 
experimenting!” 

John summed up their feelings 
with, “As amateur gardeners, we are 
excited and very delighted to be able to 
Participate in such a magnificent 
Project. It is an honor to have the 
memory of Rose and Justin live on 
inside the magnificent Shaw's Garden.” 


neuen John and Steinfeld (at ith Peter H. Raven 
6. BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL 1993 sore garland pein, 


and a rendering of the Experimental 


Future Gardens 


City Garden 

A small urban lot can unite indoors and 
outdoors to maximize growing space 
and provide a green oasis. This garden 
includes a six-foot brick perimeter wall, 
a vine-covered cedar arbor, a cedar trel- 
lis and a small bubbling pool where an 
ornamental bronze otter plays amid 
water lilies and irises. An ornamental 
tree casts dappled shade onto an inti- 
mate seating area. Borders of mixed 
shrubs, perennials, annuals, herbs and 
ornamental grasses mingle with beds 
of high yield vegetables bordered by an 
herb hedge. Climbing vegetables, vines, 
espaliers and hanging pots and baskets 
add vertical interest. 


Native Shade Garden 
A shady path meanders se ae a gar- 
den-sized plot of Ai ri wood- 


land. A ee of en maples, white 


. s 
7 tUrer UYor 


oake 
flowering dogwood, sassafras, service- 
berry and spice bush. On the woodland 
floor Siete piped: oc “ 


ng Te Tt — ss 


Dutchmen's asinine and Virginia tins 
bells add color, texture, and pattern as 
they sprout among tree trunks and large 
limestone boulders. A rough hewn oak 
bench in a shady alcove of cedars pro- 
vides a peaceful resting place. 


Sy ar a 
= AW a 


ay et my. 


Lawn and Fiower Borders 

Flower borders encircle the Kemper 
Center's expansive central lawn, mak- 
ing use of the full range of flowering 
shrubs, perennials and annuals. Single 
and multi-color groupings, seasonal 
borders, fragrant plants, cutting plants 
and low maintenance combinations are 
featured. A long, semi-circular cedar 
pergola, planted in vines and hung with 
colorful seasonal baskets, serves as a 
backdrop and provides ceol shade on 
hot summer days. 


BULLETIN 


DEMONSTRATION 
GARDENS planned 
for the Kemper 
Center for Home 
Gardening: 
Agronomic Garden 
Apple Allee 
Backyard Garden 
Bird Garden 
Butterfly Meadow 
Children's Garden 
City Garden 
Entry Court 
Experimental Garden 
Fruit Garden 
Garden for All 
Seasons 
Garden for a Family 
of Four 
Groundcover Display 
Lath House 
Lawn and Flower 
Borders 
Limestone Glade 
Native Shade Garden 
Overlook Garden 
Ornamental 
Vegetable and 
Flower Gardens 
Prairie Garden 
Rock Garden 
Rotating Display 
Secret Garden 
Terrace Garden 


os 


MARCH/APRIL 1993. 


ening 


Home Gard. 


WHEN SPRING ARRIVES and the 
sun is out, the universal itch to 
get out there and dig comes over 
all of us gardeners. This year, 
consider relieving your compul- 
sion by adding a living fence to 
your property. 

Both structural and living 
fences will do the job of redu- 
cing noise, diverting winds, 
keeping the neighbor's dog out 
and your kids in, but a livin 
fence will have several additional 
advantages. 

First, a living fence will cool 
outdoor spaces in summer with 
its shade and moisture. In 
addition, living fences are more 
effective windbreaks, blocking 
cold winter winds and hot 
summer breezes. They direct air 
flow over buildings, reduce 
heating and cooling costs, and 
channel breezes toward open 
windows, air conditioners and 


8. BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL 1993 


Hedge or Screen? 

What is the difference between a 
screen and a hedge? A living 
screen hides something and 
usually is over six feet high. 
Because of their height, screens 
are not usually extensively 
shaped by pruning. Their basic 
shape is determined by the 
growth habit of the plants, so 
choosing the right species is 
critical. 

A hedge frequently brings to 
mind the vision of constant 
pruning and shaping. Typically 
a hedge bears leaves from 
ground up or nearly so, which 
may not necessarily be true of a 
screen. Plants that make good 
hedges should respond well to 
pruning by having a vigorous 
capacity to regenerate multiple 
new shoots from clipped ends. 

Formal manicured hedges are 
very popular in St. Louis, but 
maintaining a tall, thin hedge is 
difficult in our climate. Prob- 
lems include lack of pene-trating 
light, water stress, increased pest 
pressure, more leaf diseases, and 
the difficulty of replacing dead 
plants in a manicured hedge row 
with matching plants. As an 
alter-native, I strongly urge that 
you consider an unclipped 

edge. 
The unclipped hedge 
provides suitable screening with 
low maintenance. It may be 
slightly less formal in appear- 
ance, but the plants will be 
healthier and live longer. 


Evergreens 

In selecting plants for a hedge or 
screen, first consider their func- 
tion. Some of the best plants fora 
screen are evergreen trees like 
pines, spruces and hemlocks. 
When planting, give these plenty 
of space to develop fully. You will 
need tobe patient because they are 
slow to reach mature form. 
Generally, these plants are not 
good choices for a clipped hedge, 
although interesting formal hedg- 
es have been made from topped 
hemlock, which has a better abil- 
ity to fill in once sheared. 


To create a screen more 
quickly, plant upright shrubs. 
You may wish to double the row 
to create a better effect. Upright 
forms of Chinese juniper, 
Juniperus chinensis ‘Keteleeri’ and 
‘Hetz Columnar’, eastern 
redcedar, Juniperus virginiana 
‘Canaertii’, arborvitae, Thuja 
occidentalis, also known as white 
cedar, all make good tall hedges 
from eight to 20 feet or taller 
and are typically very resistant 
to dry conditions. You cou 
also include American holly, Ilex 
opaca, Foster holly, Ilex X 
attenuata ‘Fosteri’, hemlock, 
Tsuga canadensis, upright 
Japanese yew, Taxus cuspidata 
‘capitata’, and Anglojap yew, T. 
X media ‘Hicksii’. 

For mid-size hedges growing 
up to six feet, a number of 
boxwoods will do well here 
despite their reputation for not 
being hardy. Boxwoods are 
exacting plants; you must 
prepare a good planting site and 
expect them to grow slowly. 
Our St. Louis Boxwood Society 
has specific recommendations 
on varieties and sources. 

uxus sempervirens ‘Varder 
Valley’ is frequently recom- 
mended in this area. However, 
itis more spreading than 
upright, and while it makes a 
good hedge, it would not make a 
suitable screen. Better choices 
for medium hedges under six 
feet high include Buxus 


green’. The taller B. microphylla 
‘Curley Locks’ or B. microphylla 
Var. sinica reach six feet. 

For evergreen hedges over six 
feet, consider blue girl holly, Ilex 
X meservae ‘Blue Girl’ or 
arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis 
‘Holmstrup’ and ‘Sunkist’. For 
smaller hedges under three feet, 
you might try Thuja occidentalis 
‘Hetz-Midger’ or ‘Little Gem’. All 
will respond well to being 
pruned and shaped. 


Deciduous Plants 
If you decide to plant a decidu- 


_—_—_____._ anne 
HEDGES AND SCREENS: THE LIVING FENCE 


ous hedge or screen, the 
selection is quite large. You can 
consider summer and autumn 
foliage color, flower production, 
fragrance and even whether it is 
important to create an impene- 
trable barrier by using plants 
with thorns, 

Trees and multi-stemmed 
shrubs to be used as tall screens 
might include European 
hornbeam, Carpinus betulus, 
Callery Pear, Pyrus calleryana 
‘Aristocrat’, fastigate European 
beech, Fagus sylvatica ‘dawyckii’, 
Washington hawthorn, 
Crataegus phaenopyrum, and 
cockspur hawthorn, C. crusgalli. 
Hawthorns have a reputation for 
being suceptible to rust. It never 
kills the plant but it does seem 
to worry most people. Other 
good choices for tall hedges and 
screens include hedge maple, 
Acer campestre, amur maple, 
Acer ginnala, and bald cypress, 
Taxodium distichum. The maples 
produce brillant yellow fall color 
and respond well to clipping, 
ma-king them usable for 
medium hedges. Bald cypress is 
a more unusual selection, but 
there are some good examples 
where this plant has been 
shaped into a very interesting 
deciduous conifer hedge or tall 
screen. 

Plant choices for medium- 
sized hedges and screens, four to 
eight feet, are considerable. In 
this category you see a lot of 
common yews linedalong 
foundations and walkways. This 
is such an overused plant, and 
very often it is planted in the 
wrong place, where it is wel. 
Winged euonymus, Euonymus 
alatus, is also somewhat 
overused, but its spectacular fall 
color makes this forgivable. if 
you are interested in plants w! 
purple coloration, try Japanese 
barberry, Berberis thunberg. 
Not recommended - hedge, 

racantha, Pyracantna 
eae makes a wonderful 
screen and is the most widely 
used plant is the southeast. 

Other good choices for 


flowering hedges include 
Japanese quince, Chaenomeles 
japonica, hedge cotoneaster, 
Cotoneaster lucidus, amur privet, 
Ligustrum amurense, Ibolium 
privit, Ligustrum X ibolium, 
arrowwood viburnam, Viburnam 


dentatum, and Oneida viburnam, 


Viburnam oneida. All of these 
will serve as an unclipped or 
clipped hedge. 


Shade 

Shaded areas present the biggest 
challenge in plant selection. 
Most plants do not require 
shade, they simply tolerate more 
or less of it. If a full sun plant 
gets placed into considerable 
shade, you could expect less 
flowering, fruit production and 
overall growth. Very few trees 
will tolerate full shade like the 
evergreen, Canadian hemlock. 
Arborvitae also will adapt. 
Chinese juniper, Juniperus 
chinensis ‘keteleeri’, is somewhat 
shade tolerant, but they tend to 
thin out over time. 

For areas receiving shade 
where you need a tall screen, 
choose a multi-stemmed 
deciduous shrub. My personal 
favorite, which is not commonly 
used, is sweetshrub, Calycanthus 
floridus. Otherwise named 
Carolina allspice, it makes a 
splendid unclipped, informal 
hedge, has fragrant flowers and 
does well in the shade. Other 
flowering favorites include 
mockorange, Philadelphus sp., 
glossy albelia, Albelia X grandi- 
flora, Fothergilla, F. major, 
winterberry, Ilex verticillata, 
semi-evergreen leatherleaf 
viburnam, Viburnam 
rhytidiophyllum and 
lantanaphyllum viburnam, V. X 
rhytidiophylliodes. 


Pruni 

Pruning and training a hedge is 
fairly easy if you start early. 
The:biggest mistakes are getting 
a late start on corrective pruning 
to shape the hedge, incorrect 
shaping, shearing instead of 
pruning and doing these at the 
wrong time of year. Sounds 


complex, but it is very simple. 
Evergreens should not be 
pruned in the first couple of 
years. In the third year, lightly 
prune branch tips to shape each 
plant, just enough to keep it 
together as a continuous hedge. 

For deciduous plantings 
observe the following rules. 
First, just after planting in the 
spring, start the training process 
by taking out all dead branches 
and cutting the rest back to 
within six or eight inches of the 
soil line. This stimulates low 
branches and forms the frame- 
work for the hedge. 

Next, in the fall or dormant 
season before bud break, prune 
off half of the first season's 


growth. Do this again in the fall 
of the second growing season to 
encourage more branching. 


At the end of the third 


season, begin shaping into a 


hedge. There are several shapes 
to chose from: round, square, 
triangular, etc. The rule of 


shaping is to keep the base wider 


than the top with a slightly 


rounded peak. If this is not 
done, less light reaches the 


interior and base resulting in a 


slow but guaranteed death of 
lower branches. The second 
rule is to throw away the electric 
shears. More plants are ruined 
and disfigured with these! Use 
the pruners or scissor hedge 
shears. 


When is the right time to 


prune? For evergreens, do your 


oe Oe, ee 


The Garden has several telephone services available 
to assist you 


GardeaLine 577-9400 
24-Hour linf ion about Gard : 
hours, admission and directions. 


Outside area code 314, call 1-800-642-8842 toll free, 
24 hours a day 


Hertionitural Answer sept Sa ee 


Gardeners are on hand to answer your sala 
questions. The Answer Service does not have Satur- 
day hours November through February. 


TIP: The rapes S j i } 1 of calls 
“a 


kL yk 


dette t give up! Better yet, call on “seca morning. 
Chip Tynan, head of the Answer Service, says that is 
the best time to get through quickly. 


HortLine 
24-hour ded 


with a touch tone telephone. Yoo will need a bro- 


(314) 776-5522 


to use the service: you may request a brochure by 
calling the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at 
(314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily. 


Master Composter Hotline (314) 577-9555 
9a a.m. to noon, , Monday through Friday. Specially 
sp Pa 


After hours leave a message and your call will be 
returned. The Master Composter program is sup- 
ported by the Monsanto Fund. 


work in late June to mid-July. 
This is about the time when new 
growth has stopped and cut ends 
will heal over quickly. Timing 
will vary, depending on how fast 
the plants grow. Once they have 
put on one foot of growth, begin 
pruning. For hedges that 
produce flowers on last year’s 
growth, including honeysuckle, 
mockorange, rose, viburnam, 
Japanese quince and forsythia, 
prune after flowering is complet- 
ed. Do not remove all of the 
current season’s growth, as it is 
the source of next year’s flowers. 
For plants that flower on the 
current year’s growth, such as 


albelia, some spirea, roses and | 
hydrangeas, prune in the fall or | 
early spring before growth 
begins to catch last year’s 


| 


Home Gardening 


Open 10 a.m. to 


Kemper Center for 


growth, then repeat to shape the 
current season's growth. Avoid 
pruning late in the season before 
dormancy. 

A good living fence is a 
masterpiece that will make you 
much more proud than wooden 
planks, cement walls and 
landscape timbers. 

--Steven D. Cline, Ph.D. 
Manager, Kemper Center for | 
Home Gardening 


4 p.m. daily. 


The Plant Doctor is 
available 10 a.m. to 
noon and 1 to 3 
p.m. Monday 
through Saturday. 


Admission to the 
Kemper Center is 
free with regular 
Garden admission. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 9, 


reo M Te 


ANSWER 


SERVICE 


Why doesn’t my shrub 
hydrangea bloom? 


Invariably, this question refers to 
the bigleaf hydrangea, Hydran- 
gea macrophylla, whose large 
globe-shaped flowers appear in 
late summer in shades of pink or 
blue, depending on the pH of 
the soil. Acidic soil yields the 
richest blue. 

In spite of its popularity, 
most cultivars of bigleaf 
hydrangea are not reliably hardy 
in the St. Louis area. Their roots 
survive to push up vigorous new 
shoots each spring, but the tops 
are often killed by frost. Therein 
lies the problem, since the 
flowers of this species arise from 
the previous year’s growth. 

Besides winter injury, the 
other major cause of failure to 
bloom is improper pruning. In 
an effort to tidy up, many 
gardeners prune their plants to 
the ground in fall or spring, 
unwittingly removing potential 
blooms. Fall pruning should be 
limited to just the removal of 
stems that bore flowers. These 
can be pruned at ground level. 

If no flowering occurred, no 
pruning should be done. Spring 
pruning should consist only of 
cutting back winter injured 
stems to sound wood and 
thinning out any spindly shoots. 
A protective mulch will improve 


10. BuLtetIn MARCH / APRIL 199 


hydrangeas’ chances of survival 
in harsh winters. The cultivars 
‘Nikko Blue’ and ‘All Summer 
Beauty’ are hardier than most 
bigleaf hydrangeas and can set 
flowers on current growth. 


Other hydrangeas 


While the bigleaf hydrangea is 
the most troublesome, it is by no 
means the only shrub hydrangea 
for St. Louis gardens. The 
smooth hydrangea, Hydrangea 
arborescens, a Missouri native, is 
often found in the wild along 
stream banks amd also occurs 
on wooded slopes and rocky 
bluffs. The cultivars ‘Annabelle’ 
and ‘Grandiflora’, which is also 
known as Hills of Snow, are 
superior garden plants, with 
large rounded white flowers that 
appear in early summer. 
Smooth hydrangea blooms on 
new growth and can be pruned 
in late winter or early spring. 
The panicle hydrangea, 
Hydrangea paniculata, also 
blooms on new growth and may 
be pruned hard before growth 
begins. The variety ‘Grandiflora’ 
is called the “PG” hydrangea. Its 
white, rounded flowers bloom in 
mid-summer. The PG hydran- 
gea can be grown as a 
multi-stemmed shrub but it is 
often pruned to a single trunk 
and trained into a tree form, © 
The variety ‘Tardiva’ has d more 
upright pyramidal inflorescence. 


ke 


- *Yose care 


immediately after flowering. 
Just the same, buds are some- 
times lost during severe winter 
weather. The oakleaf hydrangea 
requires minimal pruning to 
remove dead wood and is best 
left to its own devices. 

All hydrangeas perform well 
in soils rich with humus with 
good drainage and partial shade, 
but the bigleaf and PG hy- 
drangeas flower best in full sun. 


When should the mulch be 
removed from roses in the 
spring? 

In a normal year in St. Louis it is 
usually safe to begin uncovering 
the roses by the end of March. It 
is important not to start this task 
too soon. Much of the injury to 
roses that is attributed to winter 
cold often happens in late winter 
or early spring when tempera- 
tures fluctuate widely. Extended 
spells of mild weather in early 
spring may cause buds to swell 
or even break into leaves. A 
series of freezes beginning in 
mid-March last year caused 
extensive injury to uncovered 
rosebushes that had broken their 
dormancy as a result of unsea- 
sonably warm weather in St. 
Louis during the preceding 
weeks. The old admonition 
“haste makes waste” is one to 
€p.in.mind regarding spring 


Blooming in late summer and about ten da 


remaining effective for many...» 
weeks, this cultivar is unques- 


tionably one of the finest shrubs” 
of its season. You can see. many 


fine specimens at the Garden, 
blooming in the Hosta and 
Jenkins Daylily Gardens. 

Last, but not least, is the 
Oakleaf hydrangea, Hydrangea ‘ee 
querafolia. This species is native: 
to the southeastern U.S. ft has 
large, white, upright, pyramidal 
flower clusters that appear in 
early summer. This species sets 
its flower buds during the 
previous summer, and any 
Pruning should be done 

3 


- not to 
Inmany years tend 
will have sp; 


uncover 


casily injured by direct sun or 
snapped off by gusty winds. 
Using a gentle stream of water, 
wash the mulch from around the 


“young shoots to avoid unneces- 


sary tijury. Uncovering should 
be complete by about April 10 
to 15. 


Pruning roses is pretty 
Straightforward. The object is to 
remove all dead and discolored 
Canes, as well as any spindly canes 


and those that grow inward 
toward the center of the bush or 
rub on one another. 

Start with dead or discolored 
canes. These will be black or 
brown and shriveled through. 
Also remove any weak canes 
thinner than a pencil. If two 
canes cross and rub, remove the 
one that grows toward the center 
of the bush. This maintains 
good air circulation through the 
plant. All pruning cuts should 
be made at an angle about one- 
quarter inch above an outward 
facing bud. The angle of the cut 
should be sloped away from the 
bud. To ward off cane borers, 
many rosarians seal the ends of 
pruning cuts with a dab of white 
glue, orange shellac or clear nail 
polish. The end result of the 
process should be an open- 
centered bush consisting of four 
or five sturdy canes. 

When pruning is complete, 
floribunda roses should stand 
about six to ten inches high, 
hybrid teas, about eight to 12 
inches high and grandifloras 12 
to 14 inches. Climbing roses 
should not be pruned in spring 
except to remove dead wood. 

--Chip Tynan 
Horticultural Answer Service 


Call the Horticultural Answer 
service 9 a.m. to noon, 
Monday through Saturday, 4 
577-5143. 


A landmark project 
makes St. Louts a 
mayor resource in the 
West for studying 
Chinese plants 


Chinese 


P lants Come to the Code, 


LAsT FALL, GARDEN RESEARCHERS David Brunner and Nancy Tai were in China for six weeks, 
working es several Chinese botanical eiecgeasod to begin the preparation of thousands of 
mounted h otanical Garden. The acquisition 
of these nae represents the first time: since the 1930s that any significant numbers of Chinese 
plants have been made available to the Wi 
he project eventually will add ts half a million Chinese herbarium specimens to the 

Garden’s collection, making St. Louis a major resource for studying these plants outside China. 
Worldwide only a few herbaria, including those in China, will have larger collections of Chinese 
plants. 

There are about 30,000 species of vascular plants in China; 7,000 are of horticultural 
importance and nearly 5,000 are used for medicines, a fact of i increasing interest to western 
researchers and pharmaceutical nen For np, Trichosanthes siahariiahegs a member of 


LITV/ «+2 


the gourd family found only in rch ina 8g y ibederees 
In addition, the C} fArt ber of t} ae show 
great promise ini’ the ig rt Plasmodium falciparum malaria. 

Acquiring Ch let Flora of China project. 


In 1988 the Garden, together with Harvard University and the California Academy of Sciences, 
signed a landmark collaborative agreement sone the Chinese auarand of Sciences (Botanical 
Institutes of Beijing, Guangzhou, Kunming, the first time an English 
language flora of China. Chinese scientists have been working since 1959 ont 
production of Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae, a monumental work in Chinese. 
Three years ago Dr. William Tai, co-director of the Flora of China project and curator 
at the Garden, began discussions about acquiring plant specimens with the South 
China ecg of an 


Yanjing) 


<3 1 an } F gee j ' 


ieee staff and facilities. tes average Bete has about 100,000 plants in 
its collection. The G 4.1 million mounted 
specimens and adds about 15,000 each month. the Chinese plants will arrive at the 
rate of about 10,000 per month and will be incorporated into the herbarium in 
addition to the normal workload. 

“This is truly an exciting development,” said Brunner, the Garden's herbarium 
collections a ~~ Supervisor, “Nancy and I ee meeecncnt for 
obtaining 100 tit . These are 
historical collections fi he 1930s. We also visited es ee and seta 
to negotiate for additional plants. During our trip 
about 300,000 herbarium specimens; future negotiations with other Chinese 
botanical institutions may bring the total acquisition to about 600,000.” 


the Botanical I 


VULALIL 


= 4 
a = 


PHOTOGRAPHS BY DAVID BRUNNER 


“We also trained the Chinese in our meth- 
ods of plantmounting, mee. “The 
way a dried plant is mounte 


impact on its longevity aa its scientific value, 
Fortunately Nancy, who grew up in China, 
speaks most major Chinese dialects, which is 
comparable to speaking several different 
languages! Nancy had spent months studying 
plant mounting techniques, and with the assis- 
tance of Gigi Hill, the Garden’s head plant 
mounter, we had made a video to leave be- 
ind.” 
The Garden's ~ifaebanes Storage facilities 
re already . The 
addition of ie Ciiese plants j poses an 2 addi 
tional challenge. “We are very pleased to be 
: 1 } ; Ha. J 


? f r 
accessible to western scientists,” said Dr. Peter 
H. Raven, the Garden’s director. “As we seek 
to expand our research facilities in the coming 
years, the significance of these plants will add 
to the urgency of our task.” 


Above: A plant 
mounter works in 
the herbarium in 
Beijing. 


Left: Chinese 
botanists consult 
specimens at the 
Beijimg Institute of 
Botany. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL1993 11. 


LECTURE 


SERIES 


Fs We aN = —_ five tuesdays in march 
BO OAS “le 
¥P ww 0 


oy 


Gardening by Design 
Join noted experts for a look at 
the best in landscape design 
and gardening techniques. 
Tickets are available by 
subscription for $20 / members, 
$24 / non-members. Single 
tickets are available at the 
door, only if the series is not 
sold out: $5 / members, 

$6 /non-members. Afternoon 
and evening tickets may not be 
mixed in a subscription. See 
the brochure mailed to mem- 
bers, or call (314) 577-5125. 


= RIES Tie 1 , 
mks 4, 8 fe 


put 


j Qj 
MW 
LAIN 


/ 
f 
i 


Calendar 


march 2 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 


“Pruning Horrors” 

Land 7 p.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. Cass Turnbull, a certified 
arborist, author and founder of 
Plant Amnesty, presents an 
entertaining look at the difference 
| between pruning art and botani- 

| cal butchery. Discover the beauty 
| of pruning artistry including 


march 12 friday 
Members’ Preview 


Spring Flower Show 

5 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
Contemplate the quiet beauty of 
“Springtime in a Japanese 
Garden.” Entertainment, cash 
bar. Dinner buffet is available in 
the Gardenview Restaurant. 
Free, for members only. See back 
cover. < 


topiary, Japanese cloud pruning 
| and pollarding. See highlight for 


| details — ose 
| Gardening by Design: 
| New! “Revolution in ses: 

| Free Walking Tours Vegetable Garden 


1 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg Audito 
rium. Discover the newest ideas 
in edible produce, including 
cinnamon basil, yellow tomatoes, 
purple potatoes, and even edible 
flowers. Join Rosalind Creasy, 
author of Cooking from the 
Garden, ona visit to America's 
finest restaurants and learn from 
the chefs how to prepare treasures 
from the garden, including 


| Every Day 

| 1 p.m. daily throughout the 
spring and summer. 

march 13 saturday 

Ernst Haas Photography 

Exhibit 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through 

April 18, Ridgway Center. The 

Garden’s private collection of 


ture and trees. Free with 
regular Garden admission. 


tomato tarts, rose petal honey, 
and red, white and blue potato 


salad. See highlight for details. 
ee a 


works by the late world renowned 
photographer Ernst Haas. Free 
with regular Garden admission. 


march 16 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 
“Common Problems in 


Landscape Design” 

1 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. Your approach to garden 
design will affect your enjoyment 
of your home and yard for years 
to come. Jane Bath, a landscape 
designer, will discuss how to get 
started and will provide ideas for 
selecting colors to “match your 
house,” choosing the right plants, 
and integrating your house and 
yard. See highlight for details. 


march 23 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 
“Creating a Low 


Maintenance Garden” 

1 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. Without proper mainte- 
nance techniques, gardening can 
become a chore rather than a 
pleasure. Andre Viette, a horticul- 
turist, author, lecturer and owner 
of Andre Viette Farm and Nursery 
in Virginia, will offer tips on 
watering, soil preparation and 
proper plant selection, with an 
emphasis on perennials. See 
highlight for details. 


march 30 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 
“Designing With 
Perennials” 

land 7 p.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. Edith Eddleman, a 
consultant and designer of the 
Perennial Border at North 
Carolina State University 
Arboretum, will share ideas on 
combining a variety of plants to 
create a beautiful “garden 
Picture.” See highlight for details. 


april 2 friday 

Arbor Day 

10 a.m. to 2 p-m., grounds. The 
first 500 visitors will receive a free 
tree sapling. Free with regular 
Garden admission. 


april 3 saturday 


Chinese Celebration 

10 a.m., Ridgway Center. Food, 
displays, music and entertain- 
ment. 


april 17 & 18 saturday & 
sunday 


Bonsai Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
The Bonsai Society of Greater St. 
Louis holds its popular annual 
display. Free with regular Garden 
admission. 


april 22-25 thursday- 
sunday 


Spring Plant Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, open until 
6 p.m. on Thursday and Friday; 
Garden Gate Shop and Orthwein 
Floral Display Hall. Members 
take 20% off all gifts and plants in 
the Shop, all four days. 

See page 15. 


april 24 saturday 
“The Unseen Garden” 


Open House 

10 a.m. to 2 p.m., John S. 
Lehmann Building. Get a look 
behind the scenes at the Garden's 
herbarium and research facility 
and learn more about our world 
famous research program in 
tropical botany. Free with regular 
Garden admission. See page 2. 


april 22 thursday 
Lecture: “Wildflower and Nature Photography” 


7to 10 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. John Smithers, award 
winning film maker and an authority on wildflower and nature 
photography, will show slides and discuss his work. $18 / 
members, $20 / non-members. Seating is limited; advance 
registration is requested. Call Shaw Arboretum at 1-742-3512 for 
more information. 


april 24 & 25 saturday & sunday 
Wildflower and Nature Photography 
Workshop 


Two sessions each day: 6:30 to 10:30 a.m. at the Arboretum: 5 to 
7:30 p.m. at the Garden. Join photographer John Smithers for a 
comprehensive workshop in wildflower and nature photography, 
taking pictures in the morning and reviewing your work in the 
evening. $175 / members, $200 / non-members, includes lecture 
on April 22. Reservations are limited and advance registration 
is required. Call Shaw Arboretum at 1-742-3512 for informa- 
tion, 


eas 
Members’ Days 


march 10 wednesday 


“Growing Perennials in St. Louis” 

11 a.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. A slide lecture by Brian Ward, 
retired Garden horticulturist and expert on perennials. Free, for 
members only. 


april 4 sunday 


Arboretum Spring Walk 

10 a.m. to 2 p.m., Shaw Arboretum, Gray Summit. Enjoy the 
beautiful flowering trees and the spectacular fields of daffodils 
and early woodland wildflowers. Special drawing for "fun" bird 
houses and feeders. Free, for members only. 


COMING IN MAY 


may 1 & 2 saturday & sunday 

African Violet Council Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center. The Metropolitan St. 
Louis African Violet Council hosts its 39th annual show and sale, 
featuring all sizes and colors of these popular houseplants. Free 
with regular Garden admission. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 13. 


Members 


NEW MEMBERS 
APPOINTED -- 
The Garden’s 
Members’ Board 


annual meeting 
January 11, 1993. 
Shown seated, from 
left: Kathy Pratt 


Longrais, president 
of the Board. 
Standing, from left: 
Margie Jaffe, Sally 
j er, Gale 
Dean and Liz 
Teasdale. Not 
shown: Mary 
Glaub, Jean 
Zinsmeyer. 


RICHARD BENKOF 


Mother’s Day Luncheon May 7 


“Step Out with Mom” on Friday, May 7, ata 
gala luncheon party in honor of Mother's 
Day sponsored by the Garden and Plaza 
Frontenac. Reservations are $35 per person 
for members and $45 per person for non- 
members. Watch your mail for a special 
invitation in April, or make your reservation 
by calling 577-9500. 


14. BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL 1993 


OFFICERS 
ELECTED -- Also 
elected at the 


Members’ Board 
officers. Shown 
from left: Mary 
Longrais, presi- 
dent; Jane Tschudy, 
first vice president; 
Dale Whitten, 
treasurer; Ann 
Bowen, second vice 
president; and 
Minnie Perry, 
secretary. 


COMING IN JUNE 1993 A New Garden Tour! 


Mark June 6, 1993 on your calendar today for our fourth Garden-sponsored tour 
of some of the most spectacular private gardens in St. Louis. A Garden Tour is 
held every few years and is one of the most popular of our special events for 
members only. 

Watch the upcoming Ma 


ay y-June issue of the Bulletin for details. A special 
Invitation will b 


mailed to all members in April. 


PLEASE CHECK YOUR MEMB 
Garden, take a moment to che 


Lewis and Clark Trail 
Nature & History Tour 


June 3 to 16, 1993 

“Travels through Natural History” invites 
you to follow in the footsteps of Lewis and 
Clark’s famous “Corps of Discovery” 
expedition of 1803-06 along the Missouri 
River to the northwestern territories. The 
tour is sponsored by Missouri Botanical 
Garden, Riverlands Association, and the 
University of St. Louis Continuing Educa- 
tion Program. 

Highlights include lectures on the 
expedition’s relationship with Native 
Americans, a visit to a restored Mandan 
Indian Village, and the expeditions’ 1804-05 
winter quarters at Knife River Indian 
Villages. Travel by barge through the Gates 
of the Mountains, studying the changed 
environment and the scenery of 
the “Missouri Breaks,” then follow the 
Columbia River and the Willamette Valley to 
Portland, where you will visit the 
expedition’s restored winter quarters at Fort 
Clatsop, and Fort Canby where Lewis and 
Clark actually reached their goal -- the 
Pacific Ocean. 

The tour returns to St. Louis by air from 
Portland. Two hours of optional graduate 
credit are available from U.M. St. Louis 
Continuing Education at an additional fee. 
Reservations are due March 29, 1993. 


SHOP 


Faster Delights 


THis YEAR EASTER Is APRIL 1] and the Shop is 
full of surprises and delights for your holiday. 
Comesee the tiny cold cast carrot, which opens 
to reveal two bunnies aves — carrot 
crop. Th 
for your egg tree, a multitude of ke 
spring baskets, and wooden yard signs saying, 
“Easter Bunny please stop here.” 


Oregon Trail 
Nature & History Tour 


June 16 to 27, 1993 

Join us for a 12-day tour of the famous 
Oregon Trail. Follow the historic route of 
the thousands of settlers who opened the 
great American Northwest, experiencing 
some of the most spectacular scenery in the 
United States. 

One hundred and fifty years ago, in the 
spring of 1843, a group of over 800 people 
assembled in western Missouri to head west, 
a trek that became known as “The Great 
Migration.” Learn of the reasons behind it 
and the hardships they endured. 

Beginning your journey in Portland, 
Oregon, you will head east, following the 
route of the fur traders, who were the first to 
use the Oregon Trail in 1811 as they 
returned to St. Louis from the Northwest. 

During your 12-day journey, you will 
experience the vastness and beauty of our 
country and visit the sites used by the early 
pioneers. 


Madagascar 


April 2 to 16, 1993 
There’s still time to join this exciting trip. 


Rc -G 


Austria, Alsace and the 
Rhine Valley 


August 10 to 23, 1993 

Take a romantic journey to Europe's historic 
cultural heartland and see some of the 
world’s most beautiful gardens. Visit 
Vienna, home of the Hapsburgs and 
Schonbrunn Palace; travel by train to 
Salzburg, Mozart's birthplace, where you will 
be treated to a special opera performance; 
explore lovely Mirabell Gardens and the 
magnificent mountain region where the 
Trapp family left their legacy of the “Sound 
of Music.” 


A picturesque journey through Bavaria 
and a tour of King Ludwig’s sumptuous 
island palace leads to historic Munich, 
followed by a visit to Lindau and Lake 
Constance. On to Switzerland, including St. 
Gallen Abbey and Lucerne; then drive 
through Germany’s Black Forest to 
Strasbourg, starting point for a cruise down 
the legendary Rhine to Heidelberg and 
Cologne. 

This once-in-a-lifetime trip will be led by 
Brian and Brenda Ward, recently retired 
MBG horticulturists. 


Each of these tours offers Garden members a thrilling travel adventure. Enrollment is 
limited, so plan to register early. For brochures and complete information on costs and 
deadlines, please call Brenda Banjak at (314) 577-9517. 


Spring Plant Sale 


Thursday, April 22 -- 9 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. 
Friday, April 23 -- 9 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. 
Saturday, April 24 -- 9 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 
Sunday, April 25 -- 9 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 
Orthwein Floral Hall and Garden Gate Shop 
The Shop's annual Spring Sale features the 
special members’ discount of 20 percent off all 
plants and gifts in the Shop, all four days. 
Come early to find the answers to all your 
spring gardening needs, including books, tools, 
garden ies and gifts. 


Sweet Treats 


Justi = time for Easter, at Ssnlsaie Gate Shop is 
y Com- 
pany of Richmond, Missouri, featuring the 


Annaclair, a creamy vanilla or fudge center 
i in pancolate and crisp pecans. 


£ ni 

nderful variety of choco 
and creams, i ciien mints, pecan turks 
and nut clusters. All Price candies are kosher 
and one variety is salt and sugar free. Sample 
these wonderful new delights when you come 
to the Spring Flower Show Members”Preview 
on March 12! You'll want to stock up for 
Easter. 


100th Anniversary of 
Peter Rabbit 


TL.Cl (a 4 } © al ot Le 
r o 
| j} 1 


VV itid 


> ee ef 1 


P. OUCr 
aii kits, nightlights, music boxes and 


figurin 


15. 


BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL 1993 


2 aaa 

Tatiana Shulkina Joins 

Garden Staff 

In December, 1992, the Garden’s Research 
Division welcomed Tatiana Shulkina, a distin- 
guished botanist from the Komarov Botanical 
Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia. She had 
been a member of the staff of the Komarov for 
more than 20 years and moved to the United 
States a year ago. 

Dr. Shulkina earned her Ph.D. in 1965 and 
her Doctor of Science degree in 1984, both at 
the Komaroy Botanical Institute. She is an 
expert on the Campanulaceae, or bellflower 
family, and on th I pl f Russia 
and adjacent regions. 

At the Komarov Tatiana was curator of the 
magnificent living plant collection on the 
grounds of the Institute. The garden displays 
over 5,000 mostly native herbaceous plants 

l 1 throug! he f iet Union. 
In the course of building and maintaining the 
collection Tatiana travelled widely, from the 
Caucassian mountains to the Pacific coast in 
the far east, to the southern borders of Russia 
and Mongolia. “I used to have potted cuttings 
all over my hotel room!” she said. 

Tatiana helped to introduce many orna- 
mental plants to Russian gardeners, including 
many hardy species from other regions that 
can thrive in the harsh climate of St. Pe- 
tersburg. “I published two books on rock 
garden plants, one on plants of Central Asia 
and one on plants from all over the world, 
including America,’ Tatiana said. “Today Amer- 
ican plants are very fashionable in Russia.” 

Tatiana’s research on the Campanulaceae 
focused on the lifeforms of plants and their 
taxonomic significance. At the Garden she is 
working on the Flora of China, where her 
experience in identifying the plants of Central 
Asia is invaluable. She is also working to 
translate Russian texts in the collection of the 
Garden's library. 

“We are delighted to have Tatiana 
Shulkina on the staff,” said Dr. Nancy 
Morin, assistant director. “She has been a 
delightful and valued colleague for many 
years, and her expertise on Eurasian plants is 
invaluable to our work in the region. We are 
very fortunate that she is here.” 


16. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 


Dr. José SARUKHAN, the 1991 
Henry Shaw medal awardee, was 
re-elected in December 1991 as 
Rector of the Universidad Nacional 
Autonoma de México, one of the 
most important institutions in 
Mexico with 350,000 students. His 
new term will end in December 
1996. The Garden and the 
Universidad have joined together 
since 1980 to work on the Flora 

esoamericana project, which will 
produce a detailed account of the 


be published later 
in the spring. 


THE NATIONAL NEWS from Soma- 
lia in recent months has repeatedly 
mentioned a local plant called 
“khat” (pronounced “cat”) that is 
chewed by Somalis as a mild stimu- 
lant or intoxicant. Catha edulis, 


including Ethiopia and Somalia. 
Fresh supplies of it are flown into 
many Muslim countries daily, 
where people chew the fresh leaves 
much as we would drink coffee or 
tea. Khat contains caffeine, ephed- 
rine and related compounds, which 
produce cardiac and respiratory 
acceleration. It is also used 
decongestant. 

The U. S. Drag Enforcement 
Administration reports that 
cathine, one of the active compo- 
nents in khat, is a Schedule 4 
controlled substance in this coun- 
try, and a second component, 
cathinone, is awaiting classifica- 
tion. Therefore, it is not legal to 
Possess catha edulis in the United 
States. —IIlustration from Engler, A. 
and Drude, O. 1910. Die Vegetation 
der Erde. Vol. 9 (1). From the Missouri 
Botanical Garden Library. 


asa 


Nepalese Botanist 
Visits Garden 


Dr. Krishna Shrestha of Tribhuvan University 
in Kathmandu, Nepal, visited the Garden in 
January and February during a tour of scien- 
tific institutions in the United States. Dr. 
Shrestha was in St. Louis to learn more about 
TROPICOS, the database system developed at 
the Garden, which he utilized in his studies at 
the Komarov Botanical Institute in St. Peters- 
burg, Russia. 

Krishna earned his Ph.D. at the Komarovin 
1992, working under the distinguished bota- 
nist Dr. Armen Takhtajan. Krishna was only 
the second Nepalese ever invited by the gov- 
ernment to study at the Komarov, where he 
learned Russian to earn his degree. He wrote 
his dissertation in English, on the 
Campanulaceae, or bellflower family. 

The Garden has been working with the 
Komarov Institute, one of the world’s leading 
botanical institutions, for many years, and is 
leading an effort to assist the Komarov in 


c “7: 


loce 


renovating i Pp E 
collections of plants (see the Bulletin, January/ 
February 1993). Krishna was invited to St. 
Louis by Dr. Peter Raven, and the Garden is 
looking forward to working with Krishna and 
the University of Nepal on future collaborative 
projects. 

“Nepal is very rich botanically, but we are 
facing great p fi poy lati growth 
and development,” Krishna said. “I became 
interested in botany as a child because plants 
are extensively utilized by the Nepalese as 
medicines, food, building materials and more. 
1 am looking forward to working to improve 
conservation of our native plants. | also hope 
to help devel herbarium at the University 
to be used for teaching new botanists as a 
supplement to our national herbarium, which 
is located quite a distance from Kathmandu. 

While he isin the U.S. Dr. Shrestha will visit 
with scientists at The New York Botanical 
Garden, Harvard University's Herbarium, the 
Smithsonian Institution, the Nature Conset- 
vancy, the National Geographic Society and 
World Wildlife Fund. 


meneame 


ory: 


in 


ENRY SHAW'S VISION when 
H: founded the Garden in 

1859 included more than a 
beautiful place for people to visit; it 
was even more than a place for bota- 
nists to carry on their research. Shaw 
was keenly interested in establishing 
a garden that would educate future 
= bed og reason he estab 


hh dt 4 beeen A 


Graduate 
Education 


at the Garden 


CLIFF WILLIS 


particular he isstudying the choos- 
ing of sites for nature reserves. 
Guillermo left his position as envi- 
ronmental vice minister for the 
government of Ecuador in order 
to pursue his studies in St. Louis. 

The Garden operates the larg- 
est program on African botany in 
any 3 § i institution, but it is only 


[ Jniversity 


and specified that the Garden's director be a professor in that 
school. 


Today the Garden educates 20 graduate students from 
around the world, iebsidegin in with Washing- 
ton University, with the University of Missouri-St. 
Louis, Saint Louis University and Southern Illinois Univer- 
sity at Edwardsville. The International Center for Tropical 
Ecology isa jen siscina netweer the — and U.M.- 
St. Louis that h f graduate 
studies in St. Louis. Each student has a Garden advisor and 
uses the Garden’s herbarium and laboratory facilities to 
further their studies. 

Collaborating with institutions in countries where the 
Garden conducts research and training botanists in those 
ie Meat cake Ea : 


The Graduate Studies Program reflects this commitment. 
Of the 20 students currently enrolled, 13 are from other 
countries, from as far away as China and New Zealand and 
as nearby as Canada and Mexico. 

While the Garden's program is dedicated first and 
foremost to the science of systematic botany, many of the 
graduate students have taken systematics and applied it to 
other disciplines. Song Hong from China, for example, is 
majoring in both botany and computing at U.M.—St. Louis. 
In addition to his studies, he helps on the Garden’s Flora of 
China project, where his botany, language and computer 
skills are invaluable. He has even written a program to 
translate Chinese to English and vice versa 

Guillermo Paz y Miifo of Pena. a Ph. D. candidate at 
U. 4 


M.- St. Louis, isi 


— 
3 


recently th from Africa or 
Madagascar. 5 Aeeaind Randrianasolo, whose study is sup- 
ported by the Claiborne Foundation, is currently finishing 
his master’s degree at U.M.-St. Louis and plans to stay on 
to finish his Ph.D. before he returns to his native land, 
where he will be the only western-trained Ph.D. plant 
taxonomist in Madagascar. The Garden is currently seek- 
ing funding to — other students from mainland Africa 
to ping be in - viahacs 
Th 1 d from U.S. institu- 
tions as well. Jennifer iti a stolen a Washington 


University 
Foundation Fellowship, studies tropical lianas, or vines, 
which are difficult to study because they flower only at the 
tops of trees. While ubiquitous, lianas are the most 
understudied group of plants in the tropics. Jennifer took 
an Organization for Tropical Studies course and learned 
tree-climbing techniques to prepare for her work. 

The first graduate of the Henry Shaw School of Botany 


continued on page 19 


Above: Graduate students at the Garden (front row, 
from left:) German Carnevali; Tzen-Yuh Chiang; 
Jennifer Talbot; Ivon Ramirez; Barbara Whitlock. (Cen- 
ter row, from left:) Francisco Lorea; Diego Perez- 
Salicrup; Chris Glores; Guillermo Paz y Mino; 
Carolina Israel; Song Hong. (Back row, from left:) P. 
Mick Richardson, advisor; Peter Heenan; Neil Snow; 
rmand Randrianasolo; hialient Westerhaus; Ricardo 
Rueda. Not pictured: Brad Boyle; Guanghua Zhu; 
Oliver Phillips; Carlos Reynel; Dorothy Speck. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 17. 


HIGHLY SPECIALIZED as the world of botany 
is, it is crucial to have a generalist in plant 
identification on hand. Ron Liesner, a 20- 
year veteran of the Missouri Botanical 
Garden, is the research division's resident 


generalist. 


When a dried, pressed plant specimen 
from Latin America is so unusual that its 
family cannot be easily determined, it is 
handed to Liesner who, literally at a glance, 
can place it into the correct plant family so 
that it can be passed along to the appropri- 


ate specialist for further study. 


Liesner spends a great deal of his time 
sorting specimens from Central and South 
America into families for others to study. 
uu: , ee * ll nt | 1 2 


placed 


ght. But the important thing is that 
] Cc nm th t £ a], hist 


it is 


t 6 °tudled., 
ty ] 


SSLCLIVE 


name to be assigned to the plants so tha 
people would have material to study,” he 
says. “This is one of my major goals,” 
Generalists are becoming increasingly 
scarce as botanists, like other scientists, 
become more and more specialized. Liesner 
was exposed to many plant families which 
formerly had no specialists and thereby 
developed a broad-based knowledge. His 
CDRs ee PAT Bae i 


Jat least to family 


it lies idle on the shelf. Once placed in its family it can be used by 
specialists to further the body of knowledge about that family. He can 
put to family an amazing four or five plant collections a minute. 

But many families do not have specialists, and Liesner is up to the 
challenge. He identifies to the species level those specimens for which 


there is no expert. H 


o o f 
using books and other herbarium specimens to aid him. 
an that ar} ] ] 


wthi 


ily ala time, 


“T try to do 


r f 


4 oO 
Liesner says. 


gin Centraland South America,” 


Later, specialists may find that Liesner’s Species name is not exactly 


Ronald L. Liesner 


of the Garden and other botanical institu- 
oF se 4 Bey es Felts |e L: h 


contain keys to identifying plants. 
Liesner came to the Garden in 1973 after five years at the Field 
Museum in Chicago. He has a B.S. in botany from the University of 
Wisconsin. He has always been interested in plants and even asa child 
had an uncanny ability to recognize plants. “I noticed plant families 
before I knew that plant families even existed,” he says. Needless to say, 
he was delighted when he discovered there was a living to be made in 


identifying plants. 


“There are not many people who do what I do,” he says. “In botany, 
there isa real temptation to want to dig deeper to solve problems. Inimy 
job I'm forced to skim the surface and leave the digging to others. 


New Building Opened at National 
Flerbarium of Ecuador 


N November 13, 1992, a 
new building was dedi- 
cated at the National 

Herbarium of Ecuador in Quito. 
The building was made possible 
by funds generated bya “debt-for- 
nature” swapin which the Missouri 
Botanical Garden participated in 
1989 (see the Bulletin, July/Au- 
gust 1989). The Garden’s 
contribution is being used to fi- 
nance field research in Ecuador, 
training for Ecuadorian botanists 
and development of the National 
Herbarium. 

The National Herbarium of 
Ecuador is part of the Ecuadorian 
Museum of Natural Sciences, a 
government supported institution 
located in the capital city of Quito, 
The Museum and the Herbarium 
were founded together in 1979, 
but the Herbarium languished for 
nearly a decade due to lack of 
funds to organize its collection. 

With the debt-swap funds gen- 
erated by the Garden's contri- 


18. BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL ] 


bution the Herbarium has been 
able to mount and file more than 
60,000 plant specimens, working 
ina rented building. With the gift 
of a building in 1992 from the 
municipal government of Quito, 
the Herbarium acquired a per- 
manent home for its offices, but 
the building lacked sufficient space 
for the plant collection. The new 
300-square-meterannex was built 
with debt-swap funds in the sum- 
mer and fall of 1992. 

e development of the Na- 
tional Herbarium of Ecuador is an 
example of the close collaboration 
that the Garden has been building 
with botanical institutions 
throughout Latin America. These 
relationships further the progress 
of botanical research at very little 
cost and strengthen the Garden’s 
Own research program enor- 
mously. This is especially 
significant in Ecuador, which has 
an extremely rich flora of about 
25,000 species, or about ten per- 


993 


cent of the world’s total. 

Much of the credit for the de- 
velopment of the National 
Herbarium of Ecuador goes to the 
efforts of Dr. Calaway Dodson and 
Dr. David Neill of the Garden’s 
research staff, who have been resi- 
dent botanists in Ecuador since 
the mid-1980s; Dodson has stud- 


ied the flora of Ecuador since the - 


1950s. Both Neill and Dodson 
attended the ceremony to dedi- 
cate the new building. Also 
representing the Missouri Botani- 
cal Garden were Dr, W.D. Stevens, 
director of research, and Olga 
Martha Montiel, assistant to the 
director of the Garden. Others 
Present included Miguel Moreno, 
director of the Ecuadorian Mu- 
seum of Natural Sciences, Rodrigo 
Paz, former mayor of Quito, 
Roberto Troya, director of 
Fundacién Natura which admin- 
isters the debt-swap funds, and 
the staff of the Museum and Her- 
barium. 


Redecorated Rooms 
On View 


WHEN Tower GROVE House re- 
opened in February, two newly 
decorated bedrooms on the origi- 
nal Henry Shaw side of the House 
were on display to visitors. The 
woodwork and ceilings have been 
repainted, as were the walls in the 
southwest bedroom. Thenorthwest 
bedroom walls have been papered, 
and the doors into the hallway 
have been repainted with the orig 
nal Victorian false grain = 


The Tower Grove House Tea 
Room is open and serving lun- 
cheons by reservation only on 
Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday: 
Please call (314) 577-5150 for res 
ervations and information. 


In our January issue, the list of 2 
organizations that assisted Tow 
Grove House with its holiday 
decorations included the Webster 
Groves Garden Club No. 5. It 
should have been listed as the 
Webster Groves Garden Bei 
15. We regret the error. E 


Garden Hosts Botanists from 
Far Eastern Russia 


Drs. SIGIZMUND AND TAMARA KHARKEVICH visited the Garden 
December 1-13, 1992 to discuss possibilities of cooperation between 
the Garden and the Institute of Biology and Petology, Far Eastern 
Branch, of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where Sigizmund 
Kharkevich is director. 

The Kharkeviches live in Vladivostok, Russia, a large naval port 
that has been closed to the West since World War II. The plants of 
far eastern Russia are similar to those of Alaska and China, though 
many do not grow anywhere else. Dr. Kharkevich gave the Garden a 
number of specimens of plants unique to his region, plus the first six 


volumes of the Flora of the Russian Far East. 

There is great potential for collaborating with the Russians on 
some of the flora projects headquartered at the Garden. In addition, 
the Kharkeviches met with the Garden’s horticulture and Center for 
Plant Conservation staffs about possible cooperative projects. 

“We are looking forward to learning more about the plants of far 
eastern Russia, since they have been unavailable for Western 
scientists to study,” said Dr. Robert Magill, the Garden botanist who 
organized the visit. “The Garden welcomes the opportunity to work 
with botanical institutions throughout the former Soviet Union.” 


CLIFF WILLIS 


From left: Dr. James R. Solomon, curator of the MBG 
herbarium; Prof. Kharkevich; Dr. Robert Magill. 


Graduate Education continued from page 17 


was Anna Isabelle Mulford, who 
studied Agave to earn her Ph.D. in 
1895 and taught in the St. Louis 
Public school system before be- 
coming a professor at Vassar 
College. Since then nearly 400 
students have received their 
master's or Ph.D. degrees for work 
done at the Garden. 

The program continues to grow 
' a controlled, planned fashion. 
By educating both U.S. and for- 
€1gn students, the Garden plays a 
Vital role in learning more about 
the plants of the world. Virtually 
all the students from developing 
countries who are educated at the 
Garden return to their home coun- 
tres and contribute greatly to the 
body of knowledge of the plants of 


their country. 
Educating students is obviously 
expensive. The Garden receives 
funding from private citizens who 
are friends of the Garden, includ- 
ing the Susie T. Bovard Trust and 
Mr. and Mrs. Emmet J. Layton, 
private foundations such as the 
Mellon Foundation,the Compton 
Foundation, and the Claiborne 
Foundation, and government 
sources such as the National Sci- 
ence Foundation. Alumni of the 
Garden's program also contribute 
generously to its support through 
the annual Alumni Fund. 
Individual students as well as 
Gardenstaff continue toseek fund- 
ing tosupport stipends, field work 
and research. & 


Shasta Snow 


A NEW SPECIES of Neviusia, a 
genus in the rose family 
previously known to have only a 
single rare species, was recently 
discovered by two botanists in 
northern California. The new 
species was published on 
December 23 in Novon, the 
journal for botanical nomencla- 
ture issued by the Missouri 
Botanical Garden. 

Large, showy new plants are 
seldom discovered. The find has 
caused great excitement among 
botanists, who cite it as proof 
that new species still can be 
discovered in many parts of the 
world, not just in remote areas. 
The discovery of the Shasta 
snow wreath, as the plant is now 
commonly called, marks the first 
time since the genus was 
established 134 years ago that a 
new species has been added to 
the group. The original species 
of the genus, the rare Alabama 
snow wreath, Neviusia 
alabamensis, grows in the south- 


Neviusia cliftonii, was found by 
botanists Dean Taylor and Glenn 
Clifton of the consulting firm 
Bio Systems Analysis, Inc., in 
Santa Cruz, California, in an 
area they frequently traveled. 
They had suspected that a 
special micro-climate near some 
cliffs might yield something 
interesting, but the biologists 
had not had the chance to 
explore that particular area until 
May 1992. 

There they found a puzzling, 
shoulder-high shrub on the base 
of a shaded north-facing slope. 


Wreath 


_ After painstaking research 
and consultation with 
specialists James R. Shevock 
of the California Academy of 
Scientists and Barbara Ertter 

_ of the University of Califor- 

| nia at Berkeley, they 
determined that the shrub 
was unequivocally Neviusia. 
This came as a such a 
surprise that the scientists 


‘pacers 
rr? ‘ 
This new species 
isa sensational 
discovery: 
| | 


initially suspected that the shrub 

| was cultivated material that had 
escaped to the wild. But detailed 
research — and the discovery of 
two other wild populations the 
following month -- confirmed 
that it was indeed a new species 
of Neviusia. 

By publishing the Latin name 
and Latin description in Novon, 
the species is given botanical 
validity and the name can be 
used by other botanists. The 
paper, written by Shevock, 
Ertter and Taylor, will announce 
the discovery to the scientific 
community. 

Dr. Marshall R. Crosby, 
senior botanist at the Garden 
and editor of Novon, said, “The 

_ plant is itself very strange and 

_ the find was so unexpected. We 
_ feel we know a great deal about 

| North America plants, but I'm 

sure there are other interesting 
| new species out there.” 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 19, 


CLIFF WILLIS 


SY 


Academy 


Tue Henry SHAW ACADEMY at 
the Missouri Botanical Garden 
offers students ages 7 to 13 
many exciting ways to investi- 
gate science, ecology and natural 
history. Classes are designed to 
supplement school science 
programs, to deepen students’ 
appreciation of the natural 
world 

For a brochure and further 
information please call (314) 
577-5135 or 5140. 


Spri 


g Saturday Classes 
Ages 7 to 9: 


Bonsai for Breakfast 
April 10, 9 a.m. to noon 
Discover the World of 
Wildflowers 

Shaw Arboretum 

May 1, 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. 


Saturday Adventures 
Ages 10 to 12: 

Adventures from Dusk to 
Dark 


Shaw Arboretum 
April 24, 4:30 to 8:30 p.m, 


Henry Shaw Academy / Spring & Summer Classes 


Springs of Missouri 
Canoeing Field Trip 
May 8, 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. 


Summer Science Camp 
Ages 7 to 9: 

Rain Forest Connections 
July 6-9, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
Endangered Friends 

MBG and St. Louis Zoo 

July 13-16, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
The Scented Garden 

July 20-23, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
Tweezers and Terrariums 
July 27-30, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
Puzzles of Life 

Shaw Arboretum 

August 2-6, 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
Creations from the Earth 
August 9-13, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., 
& August 14, 10 a.m. to noon 


Family Classes 

Ages 7 to 9: 

Knowing and Nurturing 
Nature 

July 31, 9 a.m. to noon 

Now You See Them, Now 
You Don't 

August 7, 9 a.m. to noon 


Ages 10 to 12: 
Mediterranean Meanderings 


Trees: Giants of Shaw 
Arboretum 
July 31, 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. 


Field Programs 

Ages 10 to 12: 
EarthKeepers 

Shaw Arboretum 

June 22-25, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
Plant/ Animal Interactions 
July 13-16, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
River & Springs 

Current River Canoe Trip 
July 21-24 

Pandas & Periwinkles 
MBG and St. Louis Zoo 

July 27-30, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 
Light Fantastic —- 
Photography 

August 9-13, 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. 


Ages 13-14: 

Aquatic Ecology 

Canoeing the Current River and the 
Arboretum 

August 17-20 


Pitzman Nature Study 
Program 
For children ages 4 to 6, each 


with an accompanying adult. 
Supported by a grant from the 


| Education Fund has supported 
Garden programs for 35 years. 


Spring Saturday Classes: 
April 17, 24 and May 1, 8. Please 
call (314) 577-5140 for details. 


Summer Classes: 
Saturdays: June 19, 26; 
July 10, 17, 24, 31 
Wednesdays: June 23, 30; 
July 1, 7, 14, 21, 28; August 4 
Summer Topics will include: 
In the Rose Garden 
Of Witches, Houses and Things 
Dragons and Other Flavors 
Jack and the Beanstalk 
Tanabata 
Beatrix Potter’s Garden Story 
Plants Underwater 
Lotus -- Mud to Bud 
Carnivorous Plants 
A Fish Called Carp 


Gardening Apprenticeship 
Program 


Ages 14 to 17 

Gardeners work with MBG staff 
horticulturists. Limit: five 
students per session. 

Session I: July 1-16 

Session II: July 16-30 

Session III: July 1-30 


July 10, 9 a.m. to noon 


MAGNET SCHOOL PLANNING -- The Garden is working with St. 
Louis Public Schools in preparation for the Mullanphy Botanical 
Garden Elementary Magnet School opening next fall. Shown 


20. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 


itzman Foundation; the Pitzman 


ee rT PLANNING = 


THE GARDE? 1 1 1 . WW 1 ie pe ge 1 


} ee o Zi 
The Heritage Society recognizes friends and members aes have desig- 
nated the Garden asa beneficiary in an estate plan, whether in a Will or 
some other legal arrangement. 
Thoughtful gifts of this kind are extremely helpful because they 
allow effective planning for the future. This is especially true for the 
Garden, where its mission in} ical h, environmental educa- 


tion, and horticultural display is so urgent. 

All information about special legal arrangements is kept in the 
strictest confidence. If anonymity is not requested, donors who have 
made special arrangements for the Gard listedintheA |Report 
as members of the Heritage Society. A quarterly financial planning 
newsletter called Heritage is sent to all of these special members. 

But most important is our desire to thank our Heritage Society 
donors appropriately, to become acquainted with them, and to include 
them in a variety of special events. 

The Garden wants all of its friends to know how important they are 
to the Garden and how much their commitment is appreciated. For 
more information about gift planning at the Garden, or to receive our 
booklet “Giving Through Your Will”, please call Ernestina Short at 577- 
9532 at no cost or obligation. 


TRIBUTES 


NOVe DEC e 1992 


IN HONOR OF 


Diane Ashman 
Kelly, Boyd, Lauren and Ali Bermel 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward L. 

Bakewell Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. oe A. Blumenfeld 
Mrs. Lillian H. Biggs 
Jane K. Guess 
Mrs. Robert H. Kittner 
Mr. and Mrs. John Blumenfeld 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff 
Mrs. Irene Brooks 
Mr. Louis D. Brodsky 


Craig and Marilyn Boehning 
Ted Boehning 


Claire and Gregory Counts 
Gary and Kathy Counts 
Caston and Theresa Countz 


astrup 
es C. Klecka 
Becky and Kai Lichtenber. erg 
Heinz and Rosemarie Lichtenberg 
Emma M. Lott 


Steven L. "Sapecattd 
Bill Rausc 

Mary a 

Grant and Donna Schraer 
Talbert Sentar 

Cecil and Utha Smith 


- William B. Crowder 
Neona Karches 
Doreen Dodson 
Mr. and Mrs. Ray Kelly 


Mrs. Bonnie Doebber 

Mrs. Marie Leibengood 

Mrs. Mary E 

Mr. and Mrs. wie Lowenbaum III 
Mr.a illip Eva 


Mr. and Mrs. Clay Mollman 
Dr. and Mrs. Waldo W. 


Forsman 
Mrs. Herbert W. Markwort 
Mrs. Natalie Freund 


Ellen and Henry Dubinsky 

Mrs. Sally Friedma 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 

Mrs. John G. Goessling 

Ladue Garden Club 

Mr. and Mrs. Davis Gunter 

Mrs. Irene Holmes 

Mr. and Mrs. W. Boardman Jones Jr. 

Mrs. Whitelaw Terry 

Mr. and Mrs. Albert Hamel 

Mrs. David Gutman 

Dr. and Mrs. George L. 
Hawkins Jr 


Kathleen L. Hawki 
Miss Elizabeth Mead Heitner 


ay William V. Rabenber 
and Mrs. Carl Henke 
as = Mrs. Fritz Mann 


Tracy an 

Ellen Braverman 
Robert Fishel 
Mrs. Ann H 


usc 
Mr. and Mrs. Fred Goldberg 


Mr. and Mrs. sperm Cook 
Mr. Leon ufman 

Mrs. Ruth pees 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul Klenner 


Fenton Garden Club 

Mrs. Debbie Koslow 

Mr. and Mrs. Tim Shapiro 

Mr. and Mrs. Donald O. Laciny 
Your Family 

A. Laney 


Mr. and Mrs. William H. Armstrong Jr. 


Genevieve and Robert Leifield 


Mr. and Mrs. Harold Lewin 

Jill Fisher 

Thomas Harvey Losse 

Mr. and Mrs. Randolph C. Wohluman 


Mrs. Elizabeth M. Newbern 

Mrs. Donald O. Schnuck 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Miklas 
Mr. and Mrs. Melvin A. Weinhold 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul R. Weinhold 
Mr. Ga tkin 

Mr. and Mrs. oe Wasserman 
Lucy Reic 

Mr. and Mrs. poet Abrams 


Riesmey: 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler 
Mr. and Mrs. Clarence 
Rochman 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester H. Goldman 
Mrs. Ruth Rosenbaum 
Mr. and Mrs. Bernard H. Sirkin 
Mrs. Gladney Ross 
Miss Mildred Depping 


Mr. and Mrs. Edward Ruprecht 
Betsy and Dan Breckenridge 
Louis R. Saur 
Laura Evans 
Mr. —— Mrs. orca Saxton 
Miss La 
Mrs. ons es. 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 
Mr. and Mrs. Sol Pa Isaac 
Mr. Aaron Schuc: 
Mr. and Mrs. Rha a 
Mrs. Hugh Sco 
Ladue Garden ae 
Joe and Pauline Scuito 
Joe and Phyllis Fresta 

1 


Mr. and Mrs. James Singer 
Dr. and Mrs. M. W. Friedlander 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward B. Meissner Jr. 
Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mrs. Samuel D. Soule 

Dr. and Mrs. Oscar H. Soule 
Mrs. Louis Stein 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Tobin 
Dr. and Mrs. Maurice J. Keller 
Mr. Philip S. Trosclair 

Miss Melanie Burbank 

Mr. and Mrs. Angelo Urani 
Mr. and Mrs. Martin Smith 

Mrs. William M. VanCleve 
Ladue Garden Club 

Brenda and Brian Ward 


Mrs. Neal T. Dohr and Family 
Mrs. Janet Weakl 


Mrs. Jane Dean 


Mrs. Frani Weinstoc 
Mr. and Mrs. Sol Morton Isaac 
ason 


Mrs. Denver Wri 

Miss Rosemary Woodworth 

Mr. and Mrs. Mack Yates 

SCCA St. Louis Region— 
Board and Members 


Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 
ght 


IN MEMORY OF 


Mrs. Suzanne Alden 

Dr. and Mrs. Josey M. Page Jr. 
Mr. Humayak Asbed 

Mr. and Mrs. Roger P. Bernhardt 
Mr. Thomas Asin 

Mr. Michael Remmert 

Mrs. Edythe Baber 

Dr. and Mrs. Leonard L. Davis Jr. 
Mrs. Agnes Friedman Baer 
Mrs. Herbert Schiele Jr, 
Gertrude Bell 


- ice ra 
and Grace Dolen 
sl ie pee ce 
e, Connie, Kirsten Nestler 
peak Wright 
Mother of Sam Bennett 
Mr. and Mrs. Edmund A. Luning 


Louetta Berger 
Elizabeth B. Burroughs 
Mrs. Zell k 


Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff 
F. Gilbert Bickel II 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Kehoe 
Mr. Paul Bond 

Hugo and Marty Schueren 

Mrs. Frances Bradl 

Mr. and Mrs. Russell Ashton 
Mother of Mr. James Brickey 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank W. Miller 
Mr. Ivan Bridwell 

Mr. and Mrs. George R. Bakker 
Mr. William Brower Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Rich 
William L. Brown 

Mrs. William L. Brown 

Mrs. Ruth Buchan 

Mr. and Mrs. Clark S. Hall 

Mrs. Ellen Mutrux 

Dr. and Mrs. Henry G. Schwartz 


Mr. and Mrs. Aewpnigs Cook 
Alice B. H 

Mr. and fl aren nd L 

Mr. and Mrs. Warren M. Satie 
Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace Jr. 


continued on the next page 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 21. 


T RIBU T ES onl — 
h Sch 


continued 


Baron Henri Cappuyns 
Theoline B. Frances 
Mr. John R. Cart 
Mr. and Mrs. Peter E. Minti 
Mrs. Mary Lee Carter 
Friends at O. T. Hodge Chili Parlors 
pigseehe adwick 
A. G. Edwards Trust Company 


Henry G. Schwartz 
Warren and Jane Shapleigh 
Aileen Clouse 


Margaret Joyce 
Mr. Coe 


Mrs. Judith Richardson 
Mrs. Gussie Cohen 
Bernice Doder 
Sadie and Sidney Cohen 
Mr. and Mrs. — ictal 
Mrs. Stella Cot 
Mrs. Janis Eki 
Oscar W. and Lora Jean Crites 
Children and Family 

r. William Cudmore 
Mr. and Mrs. Peter E. Sargent 
Mother of Rita Dallmeyer 


Ellen Braverman 


Da 
Mr. and — Pec E. Sargent 
Mr. Sam 
Miss Beatrice hee 
n Dawson 
Mr. nd wo Harold J. Menteer 
Mr. Joseph Den 
Mr. and Mrs. aed E. LaMear 
Mr. Clarence Do 
Dr. and Fig ound Fowler 
Dr. John O 
Mr. Robert N. sti 
Father of Dr. C. William at 


Mrs. Joanne Fogarty 
. Evelyn Fa 


n 

Mr. and Mrs. Roger M. Grossheider 
Helene Fattmann 
Mrs. Betty Brittain 
Mr. and Mrs. Harry D. Nelgner 
Town & eas Apartments 

Adrian Koch 

Mr. ety Mrs. Jack Roth 


Mrs. Myra Blumenthal 


wartz 
re pe a Stephen C. Smith 
Mr. Arlos Gilbreth 


Miss Patricia R. Williamson 
Mr 


assman 
Mr. and Mrs. Arthur E. Carlson 


Gary and Delores Estes 

Mr. Herbert Goldstein 

Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Dougherty 
ood 


Mrs. Dorothy 

Rowena Clarke Garden Club 
Mr. Stanley J. Goodman 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Mr. Howard F. B 

Mr. and Mrs. eee Cook 
Mrs. Robert H. Kittner 

Missouri Botanical Garden-Members' 
Boar 

Carolyn ap A. oe 
Mrs. Mary S. Goo 


Mr. and ol Charles L. rien 


M uglas Green 
Mrs. Doris M. Kloeppn 
. J. Gruenewaelder 


Mrs. Herbert C. Sweet 
r. Louis Guller 
Mr. and Mrs. Michael W. Cole 
rs. Art Hannei 
Te Wind Family 
Mr. Jesse Harmin 
Ms. Rhonda K. Leifheit 
Mr. Paul V. Heineman 
Mr. and Mrs. James H. Alexander 
Mr. and Mrs. Dolph O. Boettler 
Boonslick Medical Group Employees 
Mr. and Mrs. Wilfred D. Fales 
sehr Giddan 
Mrs. Robert A. Grant 
i. er Mrs. Robert H. H 
Mr. and Mrs. Bruce S. Higham 
Mrs. Louise V. Kruege 
Mrs. William H. pe 
Mr. and Mrs, Walter O. ee 
=m W. Moise 
Mr. and Mrs. Vernon W. Piper 
Mrs. Albert C. Stutsman 
Mr. and Mrs. Douglas M. Tollefsen 


The Zimmerly Family 

Mrs. John Hoehner 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert McAdams 
ildred House 


Mr. and Mrs. =a Niemoeller 
Mr. Daniel Jam 

Mr. and Mrs, at Weaver 

Mr. Herbert N. Jones 

Mr. Eugene G. tee 

Mr. Pat Kaise 


Mr. A Mrs. Ren E. LaMear 
Mrs. E ragiannis 
Cordula EE 

Helmon Kasserman 
Mrs, Ruth Schwartz 


22. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 


Mrs. Dorothea Kerl 

Dr. and Mrs. C. E. Anagnostopoulos 

Mr. and Mrs. Ralph W. Babb Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Barksdale 

Cyprus Minerals Company 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas B. Donahue 

Emerson Electric C 

ig and Mrs. Andy Goldberg and 

arts 

poe Hemker & Gale, P.C. 

o S 


Mr. and Mrs. Earle H. Harbison Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. John H. Lloyd 

Mr. and Mrs. J. Peters MacCarthy 
Mr. and Mrs. Dolor P. Murray 
Don and Donna Nonnenkamp 
Price Waterhouse 


Mr. and Mrs. Sishen Roy 

Mrs. Donald O. Schnuck 

SMS Board of Directors 

Mr. and Mrs. Edwin J. — 

Mr. and Mrs. Fred W. Wi 

Mr. and Mrs. William F. erste rer 
Mrs. Herb Kettler 

Fischer Equipment Company 

Mrs. Lillian K. Knoche 


Mr. and Mrs. Melville D. Dawson 


Carolyn B. Pratt 
Barry n 
Mr. John Howard Percy 
Mrs. Esther Ruth Laughlin 
Mrs. Alijda Barendregt 
- Bram Lewin 
Mrs. Ilma Isaac 
Mr. and Mrs. Gideon H. Schiller 
Mrs. Carol Lisle 
Mr. and Mrs. sa Cole 


rs. Winifred McCawley 
Miss Bess J. Corn 
Mrs. Carrie W. McKee 
Mr. and Mrs. Wayne Bennetsen 
Mrs. Barbara McKely 
Kiwanis Club of Bridgeton 
Mr. Jack McKelvey 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack L. Widener 
Mrs. Dent McSkimmin 
Mr. and Mrs. Senet Cartlidge 
Mrs. Elsie V. Meyer 
Mr. riey Mrs. wei — 

Dorothy M 

oes Hee Mrs. eee : eu 
Ms. Carolyn Narup 
Mr. and Mrs. Albert C. Grimm 
Mrs. Virginia Nebuloni 
Mr. and Mrs. Angelo Maltagliati 


Mr. Kenneth Nishimoto 
Ro and David Fullgraf 
Gr 


Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer 
Mrs. Betty Putney Norman 
Mrs. Mary Leyh 

Mr. new anc ae 

Ms. Ann Sullivan and Family 
Mr. William C. Nusbaum 
Mr. and Mrs. pone Bennetsen 
Polly G. O'B 


Mr. and Mrs. William J. Brooks Jr. 
Mrs. Richard D. Hughe 

Mr. and Mrs. Pope McCorkle Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. — McCorkle II 
Mrs. Isaac C. O: 
Mrs. Mason ae 
Marie C. Taylor 
Mr. J. L. O'Dell 
Ms. Alice M. O'Dell 
Mr. Charles Orner 
Mr. Charles J. Reichardt 
Father of Ron Ortyl 
Mr. and Mrs. John D. Bauman 
Mr. Robert W. Page 
Mr. and Mrs. Carl E. Reitz 


Mrs. Marian E. Paul 
Patti Bolyard and Daniel McDonald 
Sandra Britton 
Mr. Robert Hentscher 
Elizabeth and Pigs Lederer 
abe Dorothy A. Paul 
rah and Moe ak 
and Mrs. John L. Thacker 


Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mrs. Helen Towles Rohan 

Mr. and Mrs. Rolla K. Wetzel 
ose 


Mr. Charles I. Rose 

Mr. Bob Rosenkranz 
Alijda Barendregt 
Edwin M. Rosner 

Mrs. Herbert W. Markwort 
Mr. Joseph F. Ruwitch 
Mr. and Mrs. Peter A. Fedders 


r 
Senator and Mrs. Christopher Bond 


Mr. and Mrs. James J. Burkemper 
Mr. and Mrs. Barry Cervantes 
James and Ellen Connoll 

Mr. and Mrs. tags M. Crouch 
Mr. Don D 

Deloitte & a 


Thomas B. Hogan Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Donald B. Johnson 
Mr. and Mrs. Martin Kodner 
Miss Anne Kresko 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Limberg 
Mr. Edward A. Limber. erg 


Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Marsh III 
Mr. Eugene G. Monn ig Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. he R. Orthwein Jr. 
Mr. Olney F. 
Mr. and Mrs. mas, Pies 
Mr. and Mrs. John C 
Mr. Richard C. Ra 
Dr. and Mrs, Pace Raven 
Mr. and Mrs. pee iS wie! 
Bernie and Vion Sch 
Mr. and Mrs. tans oe Shapleigh 
Mrs. John M. Shoenber 
Mr. and Mrs, spouse HH, aie 
Mrs. Martha N. Sim 
Mr. and Mrs. Gece B ‘Slow 
Mrs. Lloyd C. Stark 
Henry and Suzanne Stolar 
Mr. and Mrs. Leon R. Strauss 
Marilyn Tanaka 
Mr. Walter C. Thilking 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles : Thompson II 
Mrs, Joseph W. Towle 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 
Dr. Virginia Weldon, Ann, Susie 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. W. ood 
Mr. David Schalk 
Mr. and Mrs. James P. Wyman 
- George Scharlotte 
Mr. and Mrs. Russ Jones 


Mr. George Schelling 

Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven 

Mrs. Schiller 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
pers 


Mr. and Mrs. = Fg R. Adelson 

Father o . Albert 
peer! 

Mr. and Mrs. August H. Lamack 

Russell A. Schulte 

His Famil 

Mr. Norman Schvey 

Debby and Greg Storch 

Mrs. Celia Schwartz 


nh 
Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. Barken 
Mrs. Lois Shau 
Mr. and Mrs. Erwin R. Breihan 


Dr. and Mrs. Robert Vanderpearl 
Mrs. Ruth Shnider 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert Feinstein 

Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Slaughter 
Mr. and Mrs. Roger M. Grossheider 
Mr. J. P. Smothers 

Mr. and a: blips Ferrell 
Mrs. Fran offer 

Nancy nage Kalishman 

Mr. C. C. Johnson Spi 

Mrs, Neal T. Dohr 

Mrs. Townsend Foster 

Theoline B. Frances 

Mr. Ward Sta 

Mr. and Mrs. ange Cole 
Mrs. Margaret Str Str 


Loretta Tucker 

Mrs. Elizabeth T. Robb 

Jack L. Turner 

Mrs. Jack L. Turner 

Dale U 

Gus Licare 

Shirley Umfleet 

Mr. Christopher Vieth 

Mr. and Mrs. sng Cole 

Mrs. Ralph Wa 

Mr. and Mrs. wali H. Ferrell 
B. Wallac 

Chrsine E. fgrae 


Mr. and Mrs. Brice R. Smith Jr. 
Dr. Helman C. Wasserman 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Dr. and Mrs. Arthur E. Carlson 
Mr. Sam Wayne 

Mr. and Mrs. Scott Brown 


Louise and Barry Mandel 


Mr. and Mrs. Michael N. Newmark 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Schapiro 
Ms. Marion Steefel 

Elsie Weaver 


Mr. and Mrs. Warren J. Glickert Sr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Bay Miltenberger 
Mrs. Clifford W. Murp 
Mr. James K. Weirich 

The Larry Campo Family 
Mildred Childers 
Mr. and Mrs. Earl E. Eckman 
Mr. and Mrs. Sam A. Fahrion 
Ruth Fowler 
Mrs. Thelma Kiske 
Mildred Lapp 
Jas. V. Moore 
Mr. Wayne E. Page 

Rieh 


Mr. James H. Stone 
Karen Watkins 
Maurice R. Wilson 
a Weitzman 
The Goldberg Family 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Betty Wheeler 
Mr. and Mrs. William C. Adreon 


Mr. and Mrs. H. Leighton Morrill 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith 

Mrs. Elizabeth a 

Mr. and Mrs. Carl Grim 

ae Janet Man 

and Mrs. pee Steffens 

a Grace Willia 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Green 

Mr. Warner W. Williams 

Dr. and Mrs. Leonard L. Davis Jr. 
G. Winter Sr. 

Mr. and Mrs. James E. Hullverson 

Mr. Ey we a P.N 


Jeanette 
sti hes — Families 


William and Marion Reppell 
Larry and Ruth Tiefenbrun 

Mrs. Mollie Winwood 

Mr. and Mrs. M. Joseph Dee 
Mrs. Ann Dewille, Tom and Judy 
Miss Anna Dewille 

Mr. and Mrs. G. F. Dewille 
Marcella Elzer 

Mr. and Mrs. Norman H. Hansen 
Ethel and Marian Herr 

Mrs. Bernice Hilgendorf 

Mr. and M Ppa Keightley 


Mother of Sigrid Woltzen 
Mrs. Gladys Marecek 
Mrs. Ross A 


Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. A. Lee — I 
Mrs. E. H. Wri 
Mrs. Stella B. host 
Logan Cory Wright 


Terra and Tim Schwendt 


Jerry and Iris Teeter 


Patrick and Jill Wright 


EGER N ERRAN I 

BOARD OF 

Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr, 
President 


€s 
Rev, Lawrence Biondi, S.J. 
Mr. Stephen F. Brauer 


1B. Co 
Dr. William H. Danforth 
Mr. M. Peter Fischer 
. Sam Fox 
Mr. Samuel B. Hayes 
The Hon. Carol E. Jackson 


Mr. James S. McDonnell III 
Mr. Lucius B, Morse I 
Reverend Earl E. Nance, Jr. 
Dr. Helen E. Nash 
The Rt. Rev. Hays H. Rockwell 
The Hon. Vincent C, Schoemehl, Jr. 
Walter G. Stern 
Mr. Andrew C. Taylor 


Mr. O. Sage Wightman III 


Emeritus TRUSTEES 


Mr. Jules D. Campbell 
Mr. Robert R. Hermann 
Mr. Henry Hitchcock 
Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide 
Mr. William R. —— Ir. 
Mrs. Vern Piper 
Mrs. pers phi Ross 

r. Louis S. Sachs 


Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. 
Mr. Robert Brookings Smith 
Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr. 

Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


Honorary TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert du 


IRECTOR 

Dr. Peter H. Raven 

Memeers' Boarp 
Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais, President 
rs. Robert P. Tschudy 
Mrs. Stephen F, Bowen, Jr. 

Mr. F. Dale Whitten 

Mrs. Walter Perry 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1993 23, 


Inside 
This Issue 


De 


TRUSTEES ELECT NEW OFFICERS 


John K. Wallace, Jr. succeeds O. Sage 
Wightman III as president of the Board 
of Trustees; the new Episcopal Bishop of 
Missouri and a new Honorary Trustee 
join the Board. 


6. 
NEW DEMONSTRATION 
GARDENS 


The Experimental Outdoor Demonstra- 


tion Garden at the Kemper Center for 
HomeGardening is donated. 


HOME GARDENING 


Living fences and screens add beauty to 
any landscape. Also, telephone hotlines 
for gardeners. 


11. 
PLANTS OF CHINA 


The Garden acquires one of the largest 
collection of Chinese herbarium speci- 
mens in the West. 


12. 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS 


Gardening by Design, the Spring Plant 
Sale and a Nature Photography Work- 
shop highlight March and April. 


14. 
NEWS OF THE MEMBERS 


New officers and members are elected to 
the Board; plus highlights of travel 
programs and upcoming events. 


17 
&e 
GRADUATE PROGRAM 


Educating future botanists from around 
the world has always been a vital part of 
the Garden's mission. 


ee ee 


(ae 
NK 


St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 


“Springtime in a Japanese Garden” 
Friday, March 12, 1993 

5 to 8 p.m. 

Ridgway Center 


A tranquil Japanese garden awaits visitors to the spring show. Con- 
template the quiet beauty of a teahouse, pools, dry gardens and a drum 
bridge as you stroll winding paths lined with native Missouri spring 
flowers. Familiar perennials, flowering shrubs and trees including 
dogwoods, redbuds, forsythias, violets, jack-in-the-pulpits, delphini- 
ums, bleeding hearts, shooting stars, hostas and more. Entertainment, 
cash bar. Dinner buffet is available in the Gardenview Restaurant. 
Fashions by Episode of the Galleria. Free, for members only. 


Also — Meet the Author 


Dr. Peter Bernhardt, associate professor of botany at St. Louis Univer- 
sity and a research associate at the Missouri Botanical Garden, will be 
autographing copies of his new book, Natural Affairs: A Botanist Looks 
at the Attachments Between Plants and People (Villard Books, 1993). In 
a delightful blend of literature and science, the author of Wily Violets 
and Underground Orchids looks at the origins of the folklore and myths 
that surround many plants. 


MEMBER 6G’ <P REV tI-E W 


Sayre ng Flower show 


Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 


P. 
AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


Discover and share knowledge about plants and their environment, in order to 
preserve and enrich life. 


THE STATEMENT ABOVE reflects months of collaboration by many people at the 
Garden. Recently approved by the Board of Trustees, the Mission Statement is 
straightforward, and it serves to focus our efforts in the clearest possible way. In 
planning our course, we can now ask, “Does this activity use information about 
plants, and does it create better understanding of the relationships between plants, 
people, and their environment?” 

Henry Shaw defined the Garden's mission in his Will by specifying activities to 
be carried out in horticultural display, education, and scientific research, and to 
“preserve the same to the use and enjoyment of the public for all time.” With the 
growing challenge of the global environmental crisis, the Garden’s resources are 
strained as never before. The demands of our modern world have placed the Garden 
in a leadership role worldwide as well as here at home. With our new Mission 
Statement, updated and defined to meet this challenge, we can move forward with 
confidence to plan the very best use of our resources for tomorrow and the future. 

On page 14 you will find a complete discussion of our recent increase 
in admission rates for the public. We want you, as members of the 
Garden, to feel confident that the new fees are reasonable and willmake it 
possible for us to continue providing quality and service in our displays 
and public programs. 

In keeping with the international scope of our scientific collabora- 
tions, we were extremely proud to honor Armen Takhtajan, dean of 
Russian botanists, with a Henry Shaw Medal at a dinner here in March. 
We were very honored by the presence of our other guests from the 
former Soviet Union, Rudolf Kamelin, Olga Kamelina, Vadim 
Tikhomirov, and Nikolay Vorontsov. The occasion brought together in one place 
the most prominent leaders of the Russian botanical community, and strengthened 
our ties with the Komarov Botanical Institute in St. Petersburg. 

Throughout this issue you will find activities to delight you and your family as 
we move into our belated spring season! We hope you enjoy them all. Beginning on 
Memorial Day the grounds are open until 8 p.m., and we invite you to come down 


for a tranquil stroll on beautiful summer evenings 
q 8S. — Peter H. Raven, Director 


Visitors at the Brick House 


CLIFF WILLIS 


NeTED ARCHITECT VISITS SHAW ARBORETUM—Fay Jones (left), an 
architect renowned for his landmark designs, visited Shaw Arboretum in 


(from left) Lucius B. Morse Ill, Garden Trustee; Geoffrey Rausch and Missy 
Marshall of Environmental Planning and Design, developers of the Arboretum’s 
Master Plan; and John Behrer, manager of the Arboretum. 


ARB Owe Fe — ee 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new addressat 
least three weeks before you move. 
Please enclose the mailing label on 
the back cover of this Bulletin and 
mail to: 


INIT res 

Old Address: 
Steet oe a 
Pe a a 
State__ AAD. 


New Address: 
Date effective: ee 
Street. Bete 


City 


| State Zip ee 


ARMS 
On the Cover 
Foliage of the lotus, Nelumbo 
nucifera, is a feature of the 
Japanese Garden lake. 
Photo by King Schoenfeld 
Editor 
Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
. Box 299 
St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 


1993 Missouri Botanical Garden 


The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) Is 


class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 
The BULLETIN is sent to every 

member of the Garden as a benefit of 

membership. For a contribution of as 


den, Shaw Arboretum, and Tower Grove 
House; invitations to special events and 
receptions; announcements of all lec- 
tures and classes; discounts in the 
~1 4 aniiree tees. and 


Garden Gate Shc pan j 
the opportunity for travel, domestic and 
abroad, with other members. For 1m or- 
mation, please call (314) 577-5108. 
Postmaster: Please send ali 
changes to: Bulletin, Missouri Botanica 
Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 
63166-0299, 


RICHARD BENKOF 


William H.T. Bush (left), first vice president of the Board of 
Trustees, presents the Henry Shaw Medal to Armen Takhtajan. 
Mrs. Takhtajan is at right. 


Armen Takhtayan 


N MARCH 16, 1993 the Garden presented the Henry 
Shaw Medal to Dr. Armen L. Takhtajan at a dinner 
held in the Ridgway Center. Dr. Takhtajan is the 
leading 20th century botanist of the former Soviet 
Union. He was born in Armenia, June 10, 1910, and for the past 
fifty years has been one of the leading experts in the world in 
systematic and evolutionary botany. 
enry Shaw Medal has been awarded intermittently 
since 1893 to individuals who have made a significant contribu- 
tion to botanical research, horticulture, conservation, the 
Missouri Botanical Garden or the museum community. Dr. 
Takhtajan’s award was in addition to the presentation that is 
made at the annual dinner in honor of the Garden Fellows and 
Henry Shaw associates, which will be held next fall. 

Peter H. Raven, the director of the Garden, said, “Even when 
times were difficult politically, Armen Takhtajan championed 
interchange between Soviet biologists and biologists all around 
the world. He has contributed enormously to our understanding 
of the relationships among plants, which is the very essence o 
the Garden’s research efforts. He has been a good friend of the 
Garden for many years, and an inspiration to botanists world- 

wide.” 

Dr. Takhtajan is a former director and now an advisor to the 
Komarov Botanical Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia. He is a 
member of the science academies of Russia and Armenia, a 
foreign member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, a 
member of the Finnish, Norwegian and Polish academies of 
science, the German Academy Leopoldina, a Fellow of the 
Linnean Society of London, and a past president of the Interna- 
tional Association for Plant Taxonomy. He has written 
numerous books and hundreds of scientific papers. 

Armen Takhtajan and his wife Alice have spent many months 
in residence at the Missouri Botanical Garden in recent years. He 
is currently at work on a new book on the relationships among 
major groups of plants. 

In accepting the Henry Shaw Medal, Dr. Takhtajan said, “I 
am very grateful to the Missouri Botanical Garden for its help 
and friendship over the years and for this honor tonight.” 


MISSOURI! BOTANICAL 
1Q0% 
GARDE ly LIRRARY 


Centennial of the Henry Shaw Medal 
The Henry Shaw Medal, the highest honor bestowed by the Missouri 
Botanical Garden, was established by the Board of Trustees 100 years ago. 
Named for the Garden's founder, it honors those who have made a 
significant contribution to botanical research, horticulture, conservation, 


the Missouri Botanical Garden, or the museum comm sige Th 
iccauars Par ap Recneen pide and 1935, u 


e Medal was 
sually in honor of 
:f 


tnew reais The Medal was 


not awarded again enti 1978, when the presentatation became an annual 
event, usually in conjunction with the annual major donors’ dinner in the 
fall. Occasionally the Henry Shaw Medal is awarded at other times as well. 


Henry Shaw Medalists 


- Dorner & Son, for the 
chrysanthemum ‘Major Bonnaffon’ 


— 


uther Armstrong, for his 
everblooming tuberose 
899 Henry Clinkaberry, for a 
hybrid Cypripedium, ‘James K. Polk’ 
Three medale ey | 


World's Fair participants 


1907 W.A. Manda, for introduction 
se Dracaena mandarana 

19. Sir J h Coleman, for the 
a of a rare orchid collection to the 
Garden 


nthe Roberto Incer Barquer 

t, Banco Central de bea 
pu outstanding work in the field of 
conservati 


979 Julian Steyermark, botanist, th 
his Flora of Missouri, work with T 
Nature Conservancy, and South 
American plant collections 


1980 Anne L. Lehmann, fo 

significant contributions to the Garden 
981 B.A. Krukoff, botanist, for 

—- a of cht Ama - 
River Bas 

the Gander s botanical at ie 


1982 Paul Kohl, horticulturist, for 
long term contributions as a Garden 
staff member and volunteer after 
retirement 


1982 S. Dillon Ripley, apeasie of 
the Smithsonian Institutio 


1983 Robert Hy a vice 
president, CBS Radio, for efforts to 
promote the successful passage of a bill 
for tax support of the Garden 


Robert Brookings Smith, 
former president of the Board of 
Trustees, for 30 years of service to the 
Garden 


1985 Marlin and Carol P. 
former director of the Saint ck oe 


and his wife, for their joint work 
promoting conservation 

1986 William L. Brown, distin- 
guished botanist and former president of 
Hybrid Corn 


1987 Koichi Kawana, de ri r of 
Seiwa-En, the Japanese Garden ¢ 
Missouri Botanical Garden 


1988 Ghillean T. Prance, distin- 
guished botanist and director, Royal 
Botanic Gardens, Kew 


1989 Frans A. Stafleu, botanist, for 
significant contributions to botanical 
history and Bids 


1989 Nine nt 
all iad directors ie Garden or 
presidents of the Board, in honor vt 
Soa of the Board of Trustees 


Joseph H. Bascom 

John H. Biggs 

David M. Gates 

Henry Hitchcock 

C.C. Johnson Spink 

Tom K. Smith, Jr. 

Robert Brookings Smith 
Frits W. Went 

Harry E. Wuertenbaccher, Jr. 


1990 William Ruckelshaus, first 
director of the Environmental 
Protection Agency 


1991 Jose Sarukhan Kermez, plant 
ecologist, for groundbreaking research 
on population biology and leadership of 
future generations of Mexican botanists 


1992 Compton J. Tucker, NASA 
scientist, for research on the dynamics 
of Earth’s vegetation using space 
technologies 


1993 Armen L. Takhtajan, botanist, 


for outstanding contributions to the 
understanding of relationships among 
plants 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 3. 


RICHARD BENKOF 


Distinguished ae 


q He Ani : 
tan Scientists 


Visit Garden 


GUESTS AT THE DINNER in honor of Armen 
Takhtajan on March 16, 1993, included sev- 
eral of the most distinguished scientists of the 
former Soviet Union. 

Rudolf Kamelin, director of the herbarium 
at the Komarov Botanical Institute in St. Pe- 
tersburg, and chairman of the Department of 
Botany at St. Petersburg State University, Rus- 
sia, is one of Russia’s leading botanists. During 
his three-week visit to St. Louis, Prof. Kamelin 
met with Garden research staff to establish the 
foundation for future collaborative efforts be- 
tween the Garden and the Komarov Botanical 
Institute. Prof. Kamelin serves as a regional 
advisor to the Flora of China, which is head- 
quartered at the Garden, and has made major 
contributions to the project. He is an expert on 
many plant groups, including Allium, which 
includes onions, garlic, and chives, and Astra- 
galus, the milkvetch group. For the past year 
Prof. Kamelin and his staff at the Komarov 
Institute have been reviewing and revising 
treatments of various groups of plants for the 
Flora of China. 


Prof. Kamelin was accompanied by his wife, 


NEWS FROM THE LIBRARY 


Olga Kamelina, a distinguished plant embry- 
ologist at the Komarov Institute. Dr. Kamelina 
is an international authority on the develop- 
ment of seeds in poorly known plant families 
and is the author of over 100 scientific papers. 
While in St. Louis, Dr. Kamelina worked with 
colleagues from the Garden and other institu- 
tions, consulted the Garden’s library and 
herbarium, and studied the li 

tion in the Climatron. 

Also visiting from Russia was Vadim 
Tikhomirov, professor of botany and chair- 
man of the Department of Higher Plants at 
ay cee a 


ing plant collec- 


leading botanists. Prof. Tikhomirov is a re- 
nowned field botanist, educator, and an expert 
in the Umbelliferae, or carrot, family. As the 
editor of many local floras and of regional 
checklists of rare and endangered species, he is 
considered to be the leading expert on the flora 
of central European Russia. Prof. Tikhomirov 
will treat some genera of the Umbelliferae for 
the Flora of China. Also 
visiting the Garden was Nikolay Vorontsov, 


one of Russia’s leading zoologists, who served 


Ewan Collection Conservation Project 


as Minister of the Environment under Presi- 
dent Mikhail Gorbachev. Prof. Vorontsov 
delivered two lectures during his brief stay in 
St. Louis, speaking at the Garden on “Environ- 
mental Problems in the former Soviet Union,” 
and at Washington University on “Issues in 
Evolution and Genetics.” e are de- 
lighted to welcome our friends and colleagues 
from the former Soviet Union,” said Dr. Peter 
H. Raven, director of the Garden, “and we look 
forward to collaborating with them on many 
future projects.” 

At left: Vadim Tikhomirov, Nikolay 
Vorontsov, Peter Raven, Olga Kamelina, 
Rudolf Kamelin. 


ISF Awards $500,000 to 


Komarov Institute 

THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION 
(ISF) has awarded $500,000 to the Komarov 
Botanical Institute of St. Petersburg, Russia, for 
general renovation of the institute’s herbarium 
and library building. The January/February 
1993 Bulletin announced a major initiative led 
by the Missouri Botanical Garden to help save 
the priceless plant collection at the Komarov 
Institute, which is threatened by deteriorating 
buildings. 

The ISF isa new foundation 
by Hungarian-born philanthropist George 
Soros, who has announced plans to give away 
$100 million over the next two years to help 
salvage scientific enterprises in the former 
U.S.S.R. The grant to the Komarov Institute is 
the largest made by ISF to date. 

Responding to an appeal from the Garden, a 
team of consultants from Sverdrup Corpora- 
tion went to St. Petersburg last year to assess 
the situation at the Komarov Institute and 
prepare recommendations for stabilizing and 
improving the facilities. Initial funding for the 
assessment was provided by the John D. and 


] +] 
recently 


Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. 


THE SHOENBERG CONSERVATION CENTER of the Garden's Library 
has received a $5,000 grant from the Bay Foundation as part of the 
effort to conserve more than 2,000 books that comprise the Ewan 
Collection. The Ewan Collection, purchased by the Garden in 1986, 
includes the research materials, personal papers, and more than 
5,500 books assembled over his lifetime by Joseph Ewan, eminent 
historian of natural history. The collection is especially strong in the 
history of natural history, biography, and exploration, and it includes 
many rare or unique items. 

The books to be conserved with Bay Foundation funding were 
chosen by Professor Ewan on the basis of a composite criteria of 


4. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 


rarity, relatedness to other titles in the Ewan Collection, and the 
neotropical regional character that makes them especially useful for 
consultation by the Garden staff. These books will be sent to 
Richard Baker, an independent hand bookbinder located in St. Louis. 

Vicki Lee, the Garden Conservator, is working with Garden 
volunteers trained by her to conserve the other books and pamphlets 
that are a part of the project. The work they are doing uses various 
conservation techniques, including mylar dust jackets, the construc- 
tion of protective pamphlet binders and lightweight phase boxes, 
paper repairs, resewing, rebinding, and full restoration treatment. 
The Institute of Museum Services has provided $2,162 for materials 
and supplies to fund this portion of the project. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


DEM™MoON s 


+ ATs ON SARDEN S 


Secret Garden 


IT’s NO SECRET that Jane and Whitney Harris love the Missouri Botanical Garden and orchids. 
Soon, the Harrises will be able to share this love with visitors to the Garden, through “The Jane and 
Whitney Harris Secret Garden”. 

This secluded, intimate oasis will be located to the northwest of the William T. Kemper Center 
for Home Gardening. A paved brick path through a lath house featuring an array of orchids invites 
the visitor to explore the hidden garden beyond. Those venturing within the screening walls of 
evergreens will find themselves surrounded by a circular border of soft pink, yellow and cream 
flowering plants. The only counter to the secret garden’s tranquility is a bronze sculpture of the 


Harris's cocker spaniel, Sito, poised and ready to 
play with a prickly porcupine. 

e Harrises have been Garden members 
since 1958. They are orchid growers and for 
many years have supported the Garden’s orchid 
collection, as well as education programs 
offered through the Shaw Arboretum’s Freund 
Center. Mrs. Harris said, “Our gift is in 
recognition of Peter Raven's inspiring leader- 
ship and achievement, and of our longstanding 
friendship with both Tamra and Peter. We also 
deeply appreciate the help we have received 
over the years from the Garden’s outstanding 
horticulture staff, especially Steve Wolff and 
Marilyn LeDoux.’ 


In lice: the gift of the Secret Garden, Dr. Raven responded, “We are delighted to 
recognize all that Jane and Whitney Harris have done for this institution so tangibly through the 
addition of such a lovely inspiring garden.” 


The Jane and Whitney Harris Secret Garden is one of 23 residentially scaled demonstration gardens 
planned for the Kemper Center for Home Gardening in the near future. In this and coming issues, we 
will describe the gardens, both those already sponsored and those still available for donation. Members 
interested in learning more about sponsorship may call the Development Office at (314) 577-5120. 


Future Gardens 


GARDEN FOR ALL 
Gardening techniques and mate- 
rials for people with disabilities 


is the focus of the Garden for All. 
The garden will feature raised 


bor provide welcome shade. 


LATH HOUSE 
The Lath House is both a 


BACKYARD GARDEN 

Entering from the middle level of 
the Kemper Center, visitors are 
arden’s 


garden house and monstra- 

tion facility. Here visitors are 

sheltered from the hot su 

view a splashing fountain and 

pool containing a cast bronze 

sculpture of four playful otters 
ping fi 


ment and plantings suitable for 


every gardening need, such rs stands ie « one wai 

as groundcovers, lawn and con-_ colorful hanging baskets of the 
p ings, lighting fixtures, Se varieties that thrive best 

furniture, watering systems and n St. Louis add to the decor of 

paving materials. ‘ela alfresco classroom. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 


AT LEFT: Shown 
with an 1 architect’ s 


re 
a left) Whitney 
Harris, Jane Harris, 
and Shannon Smith, 
director of 
horticulture. 


DEMONSTRATION 
GARDENS planned 
for the Kemper 


Center for Home 
Gardening: 
Agronomic Garden 
Apple Allee 
Backyard Garden 
Bird Garden 
Butterfly Meadow 
Children's Garden 
City Garden 
Entry Court 
Experimental Garden 
Fruit Garden 
Garden for All 
Seasons 
Garden for a Family 
of Four 
Groundcover Display 
Lath House 
Lawn and Flower 
Borders 
Limestone Glade 
Native Shade Garden 
Overlook Garden 
Ornamental 
Vegetable and 
Flower Gardens 
Prairie Garden 
Rock Garden 
Rotating Display 
Secret Garden 
Terrace Garden 


D. 


This Spring at Shaw 


Arboretum 


This spring Shaw Arboretum has three exciting new natural 
areas on view. Come celebrate springtime with a visit to the 
Arboretum in Gray Summit, just 40 minutes west of St. Louis 
on Interstate 44. 


Whitmire Wildflower Garden Opens 


VisITORS TO THE ARBORETUM will be thrilled by the 
magnificent new Whitmire Wildflower Garden occupying 
5-1/2 acres on the hillside below the Brick House at the 
south end of Pinetum Lake. Construction of the area began 
in 1992, supported by a gift from Mr. and Mrs. Blanton J. 


IDR. 2 ESS 
SS \| \ ie go 


Above Whitmire and their family. 

One of From the top of the slope have a panoramic view 
the two south toward the prairie. Winding paths lead down the 
gazebos wooded hillside througha variety of natural plant commu- 
in the nities, including a glade, a wet meadow, tallgrass prairie, 
Wild- pine and hardwood savannahs, and woodland. The plants 
flower in the Wildflower Garden are from known native sources; 
Carne many come from the Arboretum or from nearby counties, 


some from local nurseries, and some were obtained by seed 
exchanges with the North Carolina Botanical Garden and 


Above, top: 

New England Wildflower Society. pisos 
“We want to get people excited about wildflowers!” said + 

Scott Woodbury, the horticulturist in charge of the Wild- sess 

flower Garden. “This area is not a habitat restoration, but a eae 

demonstration area for natural plant communities. We've sisdace 

made a special effort to include some of the underused "/S€ry 
tiveshrubs tl itable fort andscaping: showy _ Plantings. 


species that are available in the trade, like the bottlebrush 

buckeye, Aesculus parviflora, and sweetbay magnolia, Mag- 

nolia virginiana, for instance. There’s also the Carolina rose 

Rosa carolina; because it’s native to this region, it is very 
6. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 


hardy and doesn’t require spraying.” 

The landscape design of the Whitmire Wildflower Gar- 
den was laid out by Environmental Planning and Design of 
Pittsburgh. The design includes two reflecting pools, one 


withab 


g the water, asprin 
pool for wet meadow species, and a couple of charming 
gazebos where visitors can sit and enjoy the garden. The 
ponds harbor iris, milkweed, cardinal flower, and other 
moisture-loving plants along their banks. Other areas will 
display some of the region’s endangered species, such as 
Tennessee coneflower and running buffalo clover. 

“The Whitmire Garden is a wonderful place to see birds, 
also,” said Woodbury. “The construction and planting 
didn't disturb the bluebirds that were living here at all; in 
fact, we’ve created more habitat for them.” 

Scott continued, “I would also like to mention the 18 
regular volunteers who helped with this garden. They had 
a major impact on every aspect of the project, from collect- 
ing seed to planting and maintenance. We couldn't have 
done it without them.” 

As spring gives way to summer something new will 
always be coming into bloom in the Wildflower Garden. 
“We encourage every Garden member to come to the 
Arboretum and enjoy this showcase for our native wild- 
flower species,” said Dr.Peter Raven, director. “We are 
extremely grateful to the Whitmires for making this splen- 
did new garden possible.” 


New Nursery Area 


ON THE NORTHERN EDGE 
of Shaw Arboretum, ten 
Mm acres of former farmland 
have been developed into a 
new nursery area during the 
past year, made possible by 
the generosity of the Edward 
K. Love Conservation Foun- 
& dation. Thenew nursery will 
be used to propagate and nurture plants for 
the Arb , the Garden, and Tower Grove 
Park. It also provides facilities for protective 
cultivation of the endangered species main- 
tained by the Garden as part of the National 
Collection of the Center for Plant Conserva- 
tion (CPC). 
This is a wonderful addition to our facili- 
| ties,” said Dr. Shannon Smith, director of 
horticulture at the Garden. “The new nursery makes it 
Noccihlet ] i . q Aicnlavs 


. r wae rt 
in ways never before possible. It will allow us to develop a 
lind cons J . ] 1 . a | and alr 


I I 
activities with Missouri native species. Also, by utilizing a 
tract of former farmland, we didn’t have to alter the existing 
natural appearance of the Arboretum or destroy any valu- 
able vegetation.” 

The entire nursery area is protected by a deer fence. 
Water lines run to the planting rows for irrigation, con- 
trolled by a timing system. A small maintenance shed was 
moved to the site from another location in the Arboretum, 


May Is American 
Wetlands Month 


The third annual American 
Wetlands Month celebrates 
our natural biological heri- 
tage. Wetlands support a wide 
variety of plant and animal 
populations that depend on 
the ecosystem for food, shelter 
and breeding areas. Wetlands 
form a crucial part of our 
biosystem, purifying water by 
trapping sediment, retaining 
nutrients and processing 
wastes. One half of the 
original 221 million acres of 
wetlands in the lower 48 
states have been destroyed by 
development, and an addi- 
tional 290,000 acres continue 
to be lost each year. 

The Henry Shaw Academy 
at the Missouri Botanical 
Garden is observing American 
Wetlands month with special 
activities. Students in the 
Stream Ecology Program and 
the Explorers Program will 
travel to the Mingo Swamp 
Wildlife Refuge in Puxico, 
Missouri, to collect swamp 
plants with the permission of 
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife 
Service, working under the 
direction of professional 
ecologists. The following 
weekend the students will 
plant the valuable wild species 
in the new wetlands area at 
Shaw Arboretum, enhancing 
the variety of plant life 
featured in the habitat and 
learning first hand about the 
relatively new science of 
restoration ecology. 

American Wetlands Month 
is sponsored by the Terrene 
Institute and the U.S. Environ- 
mental Protection Agency, 
Wetlands Division. For more 
information write The Terrene 
Institute, 1717 K Street, N.W., 
Washington, D.C. 20006, or 
call the Wetlands Hotline, 
1-800-832-7828. 


and over 2400 feet of planting rows have been prepared, 
with plenty of room for expansion. 

We have about 600 plants set out, representing about 
50 species,” said Scott Woodbury. “Most of the plants are 
trees and shrubs. The stand of mature pines in the nursery 
provides shelter for shade-loving plants. Most of the endan- 
gered CPC plants are herbaceous perennials and will be 
grown in raised beds.’ 

John Behrer, manager of the Arboretum, said, “The 
Arboretum is devoted to conservation and environmental 
education, and the new nursery will really help us to 
expand our efforts. We are very grateful to the Edward K. 
Love Conservation Foundation for supporting this 
project.” 


New Wetlands Area 


CONTRUCTED IN THE SUMMER OF 1991, the new wetlands 
area is coming into its own this spring as last year’s new 
plantings come into bloom for the first time. Development 
of the area was made possible by generous donations by 
August and Ruth Homeyer and Mary Jane Fredrickson, 
plus a $5,000 grant from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 
Technical assistance was provided by the Franklin County 


Soil Conservation Service. 

The new pond marsh is just a five-minute walk from the 
Adlyne Freund Education Center. It is also accessible by a 
new trail from the east end of the Tallgrass Prairie. 

Fed by natural runoff and oxygenated by prevailing 
wit. ine wide, Sales pond — dee ae areas are 

ality wildlife 

habitat; a rich, complex ecological mosaic. Poms em- 
phasize native species, including emergent slough grass, 
Spartina pectinata; rushes and reeds, Juncus, Scirpus and 
Sparganium spp.; submerged water celery, Vallisneria 
americana, pond weeds, Potamogeton spp.; and native 
water lilies, Nuphar and Nymphaea spp. There are also 
wildflowers such as rose mallow, Hibiscus militaris; false 
vesorid a ees, sneeze weed, Helenium autumnale; 
any enter: 


r £ 
1 . - 1 1 AA: 


have been planted, including bald cypress, Taxodium 
distichum; sweet gum, Liquidambar styraciflua; cherry bark 
oak, Quercus pagoda; willow ri 2. pheles, and biesid oak, 


Q. nigra. | 


[ 


privet will be culled out by cutting and con- 
oiled burning. 

ere already seeing a lot of wildlife,” said 
Dr. James Trager, Arboretum naturalist. “There 
are numerous resident amphibians and mi- 


oO o ’ Oo o 
and herons through last summer. The water- 


shed of the wetland is being devel- 
opedasa prairie into which we hope 
to attract or introduce grasshopper 
mice, Franklin’s ground squirrel, 
and maybe some of the rare prairie 
butterflies, as well as a rich array of 
grasses and wildflowers.” 

The rich biological diversity of 
the new wetland makes it ideal for 
education programs. Classes will 


the plants flowering for the first 
time this spring at the Arboretum’s 
new wetland area. 


the wetlands. 
Above: 
Trager, 
Shannon 
Smith and 
Scott 
Woodbury 
in the 
Wildflower 
Garden. 


PHOTOGRAPHS BY CLIFF WILLIS 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 t 


CLUS 


HomeGard. 


History 

The iris is one of the oldest 
garden perennials. The flower 
takes its name from the Greek 
goddess Iris who, according to 
legend, walked a rainbow 
pathway through the sky. Four 
thousand years ago in Crete, the 
iris was the prized possession of 
priests and princes. To the 
Egyptians the iris stood as a 
symbol of majesty and power. It 
was placed on the brow of the 
Sphinx and on the scepters of 
their kings; the three petals of 
the flower symbolized faith, 
wisdom and valor. 

According to French legend, 
in 1180 King Chloris, at war 
with the Goths, was directed to a 
safe crossing place over the River 
Lys by a profusion of yellow flag 
irises. In gratitude, the King 
adopted the flower as his 
personal device and named it the 
“Fleur-de-Lys”. Many years later 
Louis VII also chose the lovely 
water iris as his badge and it 
became known as the “Fleur-de- 
Louis.” 


8. BULLETIN May, JUNE 1993 


IRISES: 


A RAINBOW IN THE GARDEN sit 


Classification 

Iris flowers have six petals. The 
three upright petals are called 
“standards” and the three that 
hang down are called “falls.” 
The genus is composed of 200 
or more species in two major 
groups: rhizomatous and 
bulbous. 


Rhizomatous Irises 
Rhizomes are underground 
stems that function as a storage 


_ organ for food produced by the 


TT ea a ae at ued 


leaves. Each year, underground 
offshoots develop from the 
original rhizome. These 
offshoots may be divided and 
transplanted to grow new irises. 
Within the rhizomatous group, 
three sub groups are distin- 
guished: the bearded or pogon 
irises, the crested or evansia 
irises, and the beardless or 
apogon irises. 

Bearded Irises: Bearded 
irises possess broad leaves with 
large, fleshy rhizomes. The true 
bearded or pogon irises have a 
dense, furry strip or beard that 
runs down the middle of the 
falls. Other bearded subgroups 
have seeds with prominent, 
cream-colored arils, or seed 
appendages, and are often 
referred to as the “aril” irises. 

Crested or Evansia Irises: 
Instead of beards or hairs, the 
crested or evansia iris has a crest 
like a cockscomb along the 
center of the falls. The flower of 
the crested iris is similar in form 
to the beardless Japanese iris, 
only smaller. 

Beardless Irises: The 
beardless irises have smooth 
falls, without hairs or crest, and 
leaves that are long and narrow. 
This group has the largest 
number of species and the 
widest geographic distribution. 
It includes the Siberian, Spuria, 
Japanese, California and 
Louisiana irises, 


Bulbous Irises 

The characteristics of bulbous 
irises vary so greatly that they 
are separated into two sub- 


| groups: Xiphium and Scorpiris. 
Almost all bulbous irises are 
beardless with narrow segments. 
The important differences for 
classification are found in the 
rootstocks. 

| Xiphium: In the Xiphium 
subgenus, the bulbs are rootless 
during the resting stage. Bulbs 
are smooth except those of the 

| reticulate irises, which are 
distinguished by a netted or 
reticulated covering. The group 
includes Dutch, Spanish, English 
and the small early flowering 
reticulate irises. 

Scorpiris: Members of the 
Scorpiris subgenus, such as the 
Juno iris, are characterized by 
thick fleshy roots that persist 
during the resting stage. 


Reblooming Irises 

Both rhizomatous and bulbous 
irises include reblooming 
varieties. Rebloomers have two 
distinct periods of flowering, 
summer and late autumn. 

While rebloomers often are less 
robust than other irises, a light 
application of fertilizer following 


_ first bloom and water during 


summer dry periods result in 
increased vigor and fall bloom. 


| The widest selection of color and 


size is to be found in the bearded 
irises. A few of the cultivars of 
Siberian, Japanese, Louisiana 
(beardless) and aril irises 
(bearded) have the reblooming 
trait, but the color range for 
beardless rebloomers is still 
somewhat limited. Each cultivar 


_ reblooms at a different time 


extending the iris season well 
into autumn in much of the 
country, 


Landscaping 

Thanks to their extraordinary 
variety of color, size, shape and 
cultural characteristics, irises can 
be a part of almost any land- 
scape. They enhance perennial 
borders in sun or partial shade, 
and some varieties even thrive in 
rock gardens and marginal soils, 
or in wet areas along the borders 
of ponds and lakes. Choose 
species carefully to meet the 
needs of your site. 


Planting Irises 


The best time to plant rhizoma- 
tous irises is late July to early 
September. Later planting may 
not allow adequate time for 
plants to become established. 
Irises prefer a sunny, well- 
drained location. Never plant 
irises where water will stand on 
the bed. If necessary, raise the 
beds above ground level. 

Iris beds should be prepared 
at least two weeks in advance to 
allow the soil enough time to 
settle. Prepare the bed by deep 
digging, 10 to 12 inches, to 
create excellent drainage. To 
improve the soil root zone 
characteristics, work organic 
matter such as well-decayed 
manure or compost into the 
subsoil. A good rule of thumb is 
to add an amount equal to half 
the depth of the soil you want to 
condition; for example, a three- 
inch layer of compost over six 
inches of soil, a six-inch layer 
over 12 inches of soil, and so on. 


While working compost into 
the soil, apply a complete 
fertilizer such as 5-10-10 ata 
rate of two pounds per 100 
square feet of bed area and till 
into the topsoil of new beds. To 
improve acid soils, lime may also 
be worked into the topsoil, but 
only as directed by a soil test. 
Lime is not required if the soil 
PH is above 6.2. 

When planting, dig two 
slanting holes about two inches 
apart and five inches deep, 
leaving a shallow ridge of soil 
between them. Set the rhizome 
firmly on this ridge and spread 
half of the roots into each hole. 
Cover the roots and firm the soil 
around them. Cover each 
rhizome completely, but not 
deeply, so that the rhizome is 
slightly exposed. Firm the soil 
around the rhizome and water in 
well to settle the soil. 

Generally iris clumps are 
planted 18 to 24 inches apart. 
As a suggestion, plant three to 
seven sections of each variety so 
that all of the leaf-fans face the 
same direction. Plantings 
should be made in a triangle or 
in a staggered design with the 
growing points to the outside of 
the clump. This will insure that 
the plants will continue to grow 
in the same outward direction 
without crowding each other. 

Bulbous irises should be 
planted at least three inches 
deep and approximately four to 
five inches apart, similar to 
daffodils and tulips. Plant bulbs 
no deeper than two times the 
diameter of the bulbs. When 
replanting, select only the larger 
bulbs, leaving the smaller 
bulblets in the ground to 
mature. 


Maintenance 

Established beds of iris may 
be fertilized early in the spring 
and again after blooming. Use a 
complete fertilizer as described 
above at a rate of one pound of 
10-10-10 per 100 square feet. 
Avoid overfertilizing with 
nitrogen, as excessive amounts 
may encourage soft, vegetative 


growth. Applying a light top- 
_ dressing of superphosphate in 


the spring will improve quality 


| of bloom. For spot treatment, a 


handful of bone meal with 25% 
available phosphorous may be 
mixed into the planting hole of 
each plant. 

Irises are shallow rooted and 
need supplemental watering 
every week or so. Thoroughly 
soak the soil when watering. Do 
not water again until the soil is 
dry. Irises are susceptible to 
problems in wet or poorly 
drained soils. 

Remove faded flowers of 
irises on a routine basis to allow 
space for new flowers to 
develop. This practice will also 
discourage seed development. 
After all the flowers have faded, 
cut the flowering stem to the 


| ground and remove the outside 


leaves. As the summer 
progresses, continue removing 
the yellowing leaves from the 
clump. 

Freezing and thawing may 
cause winter heaving of soil, 
which loosens the roots and may 
push iris plants completely out 
of the ground. Newly set 
rhizomes are particularly 
susceptible to heaving out of the 
ground in a severe winter if they 
are not mulched. Prairie hay or 
evergreen boughs make a 
suitable winter mulch for irises. 
Apply the mulch after the 
ground is frozen, and remove it 
in early April. 


Division 

Most rhizatomous irises should 
be split every three to five years. 
Divide iris clumps in the 
summer or early fall before 
September 15 in the St. Louis 
area. Begin by cutting back the 
leaf fans to one-third their 
original height. This will help to 
reduce water loss until the roots 
are able to take hold again. Dig 
the clumps by placing a spade 
under them and lifting the entire 
mass. After the clumps are dug, 
wash them clean with the hose, 
and carefully inspect the 
rhizomes for rot and borer 


aie eg 


The Garden has several telephone services available 
to assist you. 


GardenLine 577-9400 
24-hour recorded information about Garden events, 
hours, admission and directions.Outside area code 
314, call 1-800-642-8842 toll free, 24 hours a day. 


(314) 577-5143 
a.m.tonoon. Master 
Gardeners are on hand to answer your gardening 
questions. The Answer Service does not have Satur- 
day hours November through February. 


Hertonnret eae Service 
9:00a 


Callers’ = The er spb’ meceives thocsanets 
f 1 

Please art give up! Better yet, call on Saturday 

morning. Chip Tynan, head of the Answer Service, 

says that is the best time to get through quickly. 


HortLine 
24-hour led 
wit . touch tone ‘telephone. You — need a re 


(314) 776-5522 


g information is available 


to use the service: you may request a brochure by 
calling the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at 
(314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily. Plants in 
Bloom at the Garden is updated weekly. Press 3 
when you call HortLine. 


Master Composter Hotline (314) 577-9555 
9 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. Specially 


} j 


After hours leave a message and your call will be 
returned. The Master Composter program is sup- 
ported by the Monsanto Fund. 


damage. Use a sharp knife to 
separate the rhizomes. Dip your 
knife in a solution of one part 
bleach to nine parts water 
between cuts to keep the tool 
sterile. Be sure to leave as many 
roots on each rhizome as 


sible. 
Discard the old center 
divisions and replant the fans 
with the cutback foliage. Asa 
safeguard against disease, the 
rhizomes may be dusted with 
sulfur or a fungicide before 
replanting. 


—Katie Belisle | | 


Horticultural Coordinator, | 


| 


Center for Home Gardening | 


Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening 


Open 10 a.m. to 
4 p.m. daily. 


The Plant Doctor is 
available 10 a.m. to 
noon and 1 to 3 
p.m. Monday 
through Saturday. 
Admission to the 
Kemper Center is 
free with regular 
Garden admission. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 9, 


RRL EISELE SEI 
FROM tHe 


ANSWER 


SERVICE 


Every year I plant cucumbers. 
To save space I train them up 
a trellis that I make out of 
wire, and every year the same 
thing happens--just after I 
start to harvest, the vines dry 
up and die. My friend says the 
metal wire gets too hot and 
burns them up. Do you think 
this is the problem? 


Cucumbers have no trouble 
climbing up a wire trellis and 
this is a good space saving 
technique. Vines that die soon 
after harvest begins are usually 
infected by a bacterial wilt 
disease. This disease is spread 
by infectious cucumber beetles 
feeding on the plants early in the 
growing season. The onl 
solution is to control the beetles, 
because once an infected insect 
feeds on a plant, the disease is 
spread through the sap and no 
cure is available. 

There are two types of 
cucumber beetles common in 
this area. The spotted type is a 
quarter-inch long greenish- 
yellow beetle with 12 black spots 
on its wing covers. Adults 
become active in spring as soon 
as temperatures reach 70 degrees 
F. The striped cucumber adults 
are yellowish in color with 3 
black stripes along the length of 
their wing covers. They become 
active in spring when tempera- 
tures rise above 55 degrees F. 

Since cucumbers are 
normally planted after the 
striped beetles become active, it 
is important to begin control as 
soon as plants are growing. 
Several insecticides, both 
organic and inorganic, are 
labeled for the control of these 
pests. They are commonly 
available from garden centers. 
Overall control strategies should 
also include sanitation. Remove 
weeds growing near the garden 
every fall to eliminate some of 
the sites where pests can survive 


10. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 


over the winter. Some gardeners 
feel that planting radishes, 
nasturtiums and marigolds 
nearby seems to dissuade 
beetles. 

In any event, always grow 
disease-resistant varieties. 
‘County Fair’ and ‘H-19 Little 
Leaf have tolerance to bacterial 
wilt. Cucumber beetles also are 
more attracted to the older 
“bitter” varieties of cucumbers, 
preferring their taste to the new 
“bitterfree” types such as 
‘Marketmore 80° and ‘Sweet 
Slice’. These are all good 
cultivars for the St. Louis area. 


I’m becoming interested in 
growing more native trees and 
shrubs in my garden. What do 
you suggest? 

In recent years the nursery 
industry has responded to the 
increased interest in native 
species with the introduction of 
several outstanding plants. 
Gardeners having difficulty 
finding sources for these plants 
can obtain information from the 
Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening or the Horticultural 
Answer Service. 

The Fox Valley river birch, 
Betula nigra ‘Little King’, is a 
dwarf form of the red birch. 
Maturing at eight to ten feet, it 
has great potential for smaller 
landscapes. Like the species, it 
prefers moist, fertile, acid soils, 
can be grown in single or clump 
form, and is untroubled by the 
bronze birch borer. 

The American hornbeam, 
Carpinus caroliniana, grows to 
20 or 30 feet in height, with a 
spreading, rounded crown and 
fall leaf colors of yellow, orange 
and red. It is best sited in partial 
sun, but can grow in heavy 
shade, and adapts to a wide 
range of soil conditions. It is 
noted for its bluish-grey sinewy 
bark, a characteristic that gives 
rise to its common names of 
blue beech or musclewood. 

‘Henry’s Garnet’ sweetspire, 
Itea virginica ‘Henry's Garnet’, is 


an award winning selection of 
the Virginia sweetspire shrub, 
growing to three or four feet in 
height and about five feet in 
width. In the wild, sweetspires 
are found in wet spots in either 
sun or shade, but once estab- 
lished in a home garden they are 
remarkably shade and drought 
tolerant. ‘Henry's Garnet’ 
blooms in six-inch racemes of 
fragrant flowers in late May or 
early June. One of the last 
shrubs to color in fall, the 
brilliant reddish-purple foliage is 
worth the wait. 

Winterberry hollies, Ilex 
verticillata, are easily overlooked 
during the growing season, but 
from autumn through spring 
several outstanding varieties 
command attention with 
magnificent berry displays. 
Among the red fruited cultivars, 


CENTER FOR PLANT CONSERVATION 


‘Cacapon’, ‘Winter Red’, and 
‘Red Sprite’ are particularly 
noteworthy, while ‘Winter Gold’ 
and ‘Aurantiaca’ bear orange 
fruits throughout the winter 
landscape. Winterberries prefer 
moist, acid soils that are high in 
organic content, in full sun or 
partial shade. They will tolerate 
both heavy and wet soils. All of 
the above cultivars mature 
around six to ten feet in height 
and spread, with the exception 
of ‘Red Sprite’, which reaches 
three to four feet at maturity. 
All require a male pollinator for 
fruitful display. 
--Chip Tynan, 
Horticultural Answer Service 


Call the Horticultural Answer 
service 9 a.m. to noon, 
Monday through Saturday, at 
577-5143 


Endowment for Endangered Midwestern Plants 


Is Growing 


THE FUTURE of 20 of the 
midwest’s most imperiled native 
plant species, currently under 
protection and cultivation at the 
Missouri Botanical Garden, has 
been further ensured by 
contributions of 13 donors to 
the St. Louis Campaign for the 
National Collection, a special 
endowment fund to benefit this 
critical work. 

The plant species are part of 
the more than 400 species in the 
National Collection of Endan- 
gered Plants, which are 
maintained through the Center 
for Plant Conservation at 26 
regional botanical gardens and 
arboreta throughout the United 
Stated. In 1991, the CPC’s 
national administrative head- 
quarters became a division of the 
Garden with offices in the 
Garden’s new Conservation 
Center. 

Contributions are matched 


by the Andrew W. Mellon 
Foundation and the Center for 
Plant Conservation’s Trustees. 
For information on contributing 
to the fund, please call Claudia 
Spener in the Development 
Office at 577-9455. 

The Garden and the CPC 
wish to thank the following 
donors for their generous 
support of the National Collec- 
tion: 


Mrs. W. L. Lyons Brown Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. William H. T. Bush 


Mr. and Mrs. Hal A. Kroeger 

Mr. and Mrs. Fred Kummer 

Mrs. Warren B. Lammert Jr. 

Mrs. Sears Lehmann 

Mrs. John E. Mackey 

Mr. and Mrs. G. Rodney Miller 

Dr. and Mrs. Thomas Ott 

Mrs. Elizabeth R. Pantaleoni 

Mr. and Mrs. Warren M. 
Shapleigh 


HIS PAST 
winter the 
Gateway to 
Gardening 
Association (GTGA) 
moved into its office 
in the new Conserva- 


Gardening Coalition, 
which includes the 
GTGA, the Garden 
and University Exten- 
sion, collaborates in many ways to help St. 
Louisans,” said Michael Adrio, director of 
TGA. “The Garden’s new Conservation Cen- 
ter makes it possible for us to share adjacent 
ff; ] rag Te? ] 


I PP 
help.” 
GTGA is a not-for-profit organization that 
assists city residents i in se and maintain- 
GTGA grew 
out of the Urban iene Program that: was 
begun in 1978 by the federal government to 
improve the nutrition of low income families. 


Hoblitzelle, a volunteer, and a dedicated Board 
of Directors. By 1991 the program had grown 
so large that Adrio was hired as a full time 
director. 

In 1989 GTGA was working with about 30 
community gardens; today it assists 57 gar- 
dens, and will establish 15 to 20 new ones this 
spring. GIGA helps neighborhood groups on 
the north and south sides to convert vacant, 
a filled lots to procasys use. The associa- 

| , tilling 


seeds, topsoil ae lumber for raised beds, aa 
coordinates the 200- 
300 volunteers who 
teach gardening tech- 
niques and help the 
residents to build the 
gardens. GTGA stays 
in touch with each 
garden group from 
year to year, providing 
assistance, encour- 
agement, and acting 
as liaison to various 


Gateway to Gardening 
Association 


help to build a 
community garden. 


civic agencies. 
“Almost all the 
community gardens 
developed by GTGA 
are still active,” said 
Adrio. “A lot of that is 
due to the persistance 
of the neighborhood 
leaders, and to our 
one-on-one contact 
with them.” 
Education is a pri- 
mary goal of GTGA. 
Working with the St. Louis Public Schools and 
the School Partnership Program, with the as- 
sistance of the Master Gardeners, GTGA has 
developed 20 school gardens where children 
can learn igerdening pasconnagee “We get more 


said Adrio. “Recently v we received a grant to 
help our volunteers build indoor “grow labs,” 
to serve classrooms where outdoor plots are 
not available. We provide a curriculum for 
teachers along with the labs, and the Garden 
will offer teacher training workshops.” 

n another exciting new project, GTGA 
received a grant to establish composting sites 
in city neighborhoods. The sites will provide 
free compost and instructional literature do- 
nated by the city. 

“Working with the Jager Gardening Coa- 
lit le,” said 
Adrio. “We publish a joint newsletter, expand 
our network of vol 


1 resources., and 


Raven To Help Establish 


National Biological Survey 


on Earth Day we are combining forces on a | 


display in Forest Park. Eventually | hope we | 


can get involved with creating pocket parks, 
flower boxes, even tree planting.” 
“GTGA gets great results for a very small 


community groups 
taking positive steps 
to build neighbor- 
hood pride. We like 
to call it ‘the Green- 
ing of St. Louis.’ ” 


investment,” Adrio | 
concluded. “School | 
groups, churches.and | 


all get involved in | 


IN MARCH, United States Secretary of the 
ce Bruce Babbitt announced that Dr. Pe- 
. Raven, director oe Garden, will help 


ey to map the 
country ’s ecosystems and biological diversity. 
The survey will be headed by Raven and an- 
other of the nation’s best known conservation 
biologists, Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy of the 
Smithsonian Institution. 

Dr. Raven will chair a National Research 
Council committee that will lay out the scope 
and mode of operation of the national biologi- 
cal survey. The committee's report will be 
issued in the fall. 

“This is truly a historical moment,” said 
Raven. “It is similar in importance to when the 
U.S. Geological Survey was initiated over a 
century ago. The proper management of the 
plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms of 
the United States, including commercializa- 
tion, study, education and conservation, is a 

f ; ane em hil 


natter of great imy 
ity and economic prosperity of the country.” 

The survey will produce a computerized 
picture of the nation’s biological diversity that 
will constantly evolve as ecological situations 
change and information is added. The results 
will help researchers to identify the most frag- 
] +} ] ‘ a ee + | 


‘ . Lf ] : 
earlier, and tal l 


become endangered. 
With access to detailed, accurate informa- 
tion, conservationists and land use managers 


, flexible 


f 
il i omnre. 
ways of protecting fi gile sp in 2 p 
} fl: . 
BIR DIOIVE VWrau 


and environmental interests. 
Peter Raven has been calling for such a 
survey for the past 15 years. He said, “Each 
; ; ; f tal 


I I F 
biodiversity, the foundation of life on our 
planet. The Flora of North America program, 
headquartered at the Missouri Botanical Gar- 
den, is a key element in understanding these 
organisms and could provide an important 
model for components of the survey. 

The survey will be administered by a reor- 
ganized, consolidated Department of the 
Interior. The core of the survey will be the 
existing research division of the U.S. Fish and 
Wildlife Service. 

Raven concluded, “A comprehensive na- 
tional biological survey and an ecosystem 


_ approach will allow us to make decisions that 
_ will really serve our best interests, both now 
_ and in the future.” 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 11. 


~ 
3 
& 


1 


he 


_-s 


may 1 & 2 saturday & 
sunday 
Metropolitan St. Louis 


African Violet Council 
9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Orthwein 
Floral Display Hall. The 39th 
annual juried show and sale. 
Free with Garden admission. 


may 7 friday 


Step Out With Mom 


Noon, under the outdoor tent, 
Ridgway Center. (Seating begins 
at 11:50 a.m.) Spring fashions by 
Plaza Frontenac, exquisite floral 
decorations by Moynihan & 
Associates. $35 per person for 
members; $45 per person for 
non-members. Call 577-9500 for 
reservations. 


may 8 saturday 

OFallon Iris Society 
Show 

Noon to 5 p.m., Orthwein Floral 
Display Hall. Over 300 entries in 
a juried show and sale. Free with 
Garden admission. 


may 28 friday 


Rose Evening 


5:30 to 8:30 p.m., grounds. A very special annual Garden tradition returns 
featuring the beautiful Gladney and Lehmann 
ture staff will be on hand to answer 


and an optional buffet supper. Wat 


For members only. 


BULLETIN MAY/ JUNE 1993 


may 9 sunday 
Greater St. Louis Iris 
Society Show 


Noon to 5 p.m., Orthwein Floral 
Display Hall. A juried show and 
sale featuring large bearded 
irises, both arrangements and 
individual blooms. Free with 
Garden admission. 


may 12 wednesday 

“I Love Eating” Cooking 
Class 

11 a.m., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. Healthy low 
fat eating taught by dietitians 
and local food experts, in 
association with the American 
Heart Association, St. Louis 
Chapter. Call the AHA for 
information or registration at 
45- HEART. Admission to the 
Garden is free on Wednesdays 
until noon. 


rose gardens. Garden horticul- 


, a film on growing and care of roses 
ch the mail for your special invitation. 


may 15 & 16 saturday & 
sunday 

Greater St. Louis 
Horticulture Society 
Show 

Noon to 5 p.m. Saturday, 9 a.m. 
to 5 p.m. Sunday, Orthwein 
Floral Display Hall. Vegetables 
and cut flowers are among the 
categories that will be judged 
and displayed. Free with Garden 
admission. 


may 23, 24 & 31 
sunday, monday & 
memorial day 

Greater St. Louis Dahlia 
Society Plant Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Orthwein 
Floral Display Hall. Annual sale 
includes recent introductions 


and old favorites. Free with 
Garden admission. 


may 26 wednesday 

“I Love Eating” Cooking 
Class 

11 a.m., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. See May 12 
for details. 


may 31 memorial day 


Summer Hours Begin 

9 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily through 
Labor Day. Visit the Garden and 
enjoy the tranquility of the early 
summer evenings. 


may 29 & 30 

saturday & sunday 

Rose Society of Greater 
St. Louis Show 


Noon to 5 p.m. Saturday, 9 a.m. 
to 5 p.m. Sunday, Orthwein 
Floral Hall. Hundreds of roses 
grown especially for this juried 
show will be displayed. Free 
with Garden admission. 


june 2 wednesday 


Jazz in June 

7 p.m., Cohen Amphitheater. 
This popular outdoor concert 
series features some of the area’s 
finest jazz bands. Lawn seating: 
blankets and lawn chairs are 
encouraged. Picnic suppers are 
permitted, and a cash bar will be 
available. Tonight’s concert 
features the St. Louis Jazz 
Repertory Quintet. Admission to 
the Garden is free on summer 
evenings. Concert admission is 
$3 per person. 


june 6 sunday 


Garden Tour 

10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Visit nine of 
the loveliest private gardens in 
St. Louis. Watch for your 
invitation in the mail; a special 
event for Garden members only. 
See back cover. 


june 9 wednesday 

Jazz in June 

7 p.m. Featuring Trio Tres Bien. 
See June 2 for details. 

“I Love Eating” Cooking 
Class 

llam., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. See May 12 
for details. 


june 12 saturday 
Greater St. Louis Iris 
Society Show 

Noon to 5 p.m., Orthwein Floral 
Display Hall. A juried show and 
sale featuring large bearded 
irises, both arrangements and 
individual blooms. Free with 
Garden admission. 


june 16 wednesday 


Jazz in June 
7 p.m. Featuring Hugh Whalum 
“Peanuts” Trio. See June 2 for 


details. 


june 19 saturday 
Members’ Opening, New 
Conservation Center 


10 a.m. to 3 p.m., Conservation 
Center. Tour the newest Garden 
facility housing the Horticulture 
ivision, Answer Service, Center 
for Plant Conservation and 
more. Free, for members only. 


june 20 sunday 
Open House, New 


Conservation Center 

11 a.m. to 4 p.m., Conservation 
Center. Ribbon cutting cer- 
emony at | p.m. The newest 
Garden facility is open for 
public tours, today only. Free 
admission. 


june 23 wednesday 


Jazz in June 
7 p.m. Featuring Darryl Mixon 
Trio. See June 2 for details. 


DUES er 
Members’ Days | 
may 14 friday | 


Purple Martin Evening 

6:30 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium and grounds. Our 12th annual 
celebration of these popular birds features a lecture and film with | 
the Curator of Purple Martins, W. Ashley Gray III, followed by a 
stroll through the Garden’s Purple Martin neighborhood.Cash | 
bar. Nor reservations are required, but seating for the film is 
limited. Free, for members only. 


june 18 friday 


Members’ Musical Evening 


5:30 to 9 p.m., Spoehrer Plaza. The popular Gateway City Big 
Band performs your favorite songs and instrumentals under the 
stars. Bring a picnic supper if desired, and lawn chairs or 
blankets for seating. Cash bar. Concert starts at 7:30 p.m. 
Limited concert seating is provided. Free, for members only. 


june 30 wednesday 

Jazz in June 

7 p.m. Featuring Rob Block 
Latin Jazz Sextet. See June 2 for | 
details. 


june 27 sunday 
West County Daylily 
Society Show 


Noon to 8 p.m., Orthwein Floral 
Display Hall. A colorful display 
of summertime favorites. Free 
with Garden admission. 


“I Love Eating” 
Cooking Class 


11 a.m., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. See May 12 
for details. 


wednesdays & saturdays 


Garden Walkers’ Breakfast 

7 a.m., grounds. In cooperation with the American Heart Associa- 
tion, the outdoor grounds open early every Wednesday and 
Saturday morning to encourage fitness walking. A heart-healthy 
breakfast is available for purchase in the Gardenview Restaurant 7 
to 10:30 a.m. Admission is free Wednesdays and Saturdays until 
noon. 


New! Free Walking Tours Every Day 

1 p.m. daily throughout the spring and summer, rain or shine. Meet 
the Garden Guides at the Ridgway Center ticket counter for a 
fascinating tour of the Garden grounds. Guides are knowledgeable 
about all aspects of the Garden, including the architecture, history, 
horticulture, natural sciences, sculpture and trees. Free with 
regular Garden admission. 


. 
BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 13. 


Members 


Garden Admission Increases, with Additional Free Hours 


ical Park and Museum District approved an admission 
ae MARCH WV, hci cra anh ate by the Botanical Garden Subdistrict, As of April 
increase at cel aaa sn is $3 for adults (up from $2 per adult), $1.50 for visitors 65 years and 
matte 3 ‘sacar ey er senior citizen). Children aged 12 or younger will continue to be admitted 
abi _ fae Us ei for 15 or more are $2.25 for visitors 13 to 64: seniors 65 and older in groups 
free at all times. 


of 15 or more would pay $1.25. 


idi iti iods along with the increase. Starting with the 1993 
oe hk oo een will be free to the public on Monday 
a . as 8 p.m he Garden will retain its two free mornings, Wednesday and Satur- 
rate’ a aa a 7a.m. until 12 noon. This increases free hours from i to 22 
ae oon our Garden members continue to receive complimentary admission, ‘said 
Jan oni pain coordinator. The increase, which will raise approximately $190,000 in 1993, 


was necessary to help offset growing operational costs. 


1993 MEMBERS’ TRAVEL PROGRAM 


Oregon Trail Nature & History Tour 


June 16 to 27, 1993 


Austria, Alsace and the Rhine Valley 
August 10 to 23, 1993 


Each of these tours offers Garden members a thrilling travel adven- 
ture. Fora brochure and complete information on cost and 
deadlines, please call Brenda Banjak at (314) 577-9517. 


NEWS FROM TOWER GROVE HOUSE 


Prorite Madeline Donaldson 


In March 


volun- 
teered as a guide at Tower Grove 
House in 1969: in 1973 she 
became a part time staff 
member. Two days a week she 
greets visitors to Henry Shaw’s 
country home. 

A native of Kansas City, 


New Smoking Poli 
Policy Prohibiting smokin 
the Gardenview Restaura 
| smoking outdoors on Ga 


14. BuLttEn MAY /JUNE 1993 


The Garden has 
8 in all Garden b 
Nt. Visitors are a 
tden grounds as well. 


Missouri, Madeline came to St, 
Louis with her late husband, Ben 
L. Donaldson, a representative 
for Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical 
Company. The Donaldsons lived 
in Dallas and Amarillo, Texas, 
and in Denver, Colorado, before 
Moving to St. Louis. Madeline’s 
daughter, grandson, and two 
great grandchildren live in 
Texas. 


She especially enjoys 
introducing visitors to Tower 
Grove House because, she says, 
it is not “a cluttered museum, 
but a warm, homey house of 
Henry Shaw’s era.” 


implemented a new 


uildings, including 
sked to refrain from 


Seer a eee at 


Don’t Forget! 
“Step Out With Mom” 


Luncheon in honor of Mother's Day, Friday 
May 7, 1993. Reservations are $35 per person 
for members, $45 per person for non-mem- 
bers. See the invitation mailed recently to all 
members, or call 577-9500. 

ALSO -- o 
We especially wish to thank Moyni an ; 
Associates for the exquisite centerpieces an 
tent decorations, and Plaza Frontenac for 
presenting the fashion show. Te —_ 
contributions make the Mother’s Day Lunc 

a very special event. 


eee 
Garden Marching Flowers to 
Perform May 9 


The Missouri Botanical Garden a 
ers will participate in the Florissan me 
Flowers Parade on May 9 i gee 
p.m. The parade will start from ~~ . 
Federal and proceed down Rue St. 

. Ferdinand Street. oa 
: The performing flowers are ee ie 
St. Louis Academy of Dance direc 


on 


Linda Green. 


ee 
Reciprocal Garden 
Memberships 


anlage summe 
When planning your a aa 
sider visiting any one of 12 


ountly: 
out the coun” 
gardens and arboreta through d special 


, vacation, ai 
nical 


You will receive free 7 
privileges, just as rae “ ie 
visiting the Garden. ne -edensin your 
Office at 577-5118 for eligible § 


vacation area. 


Douglas B. MacCarthy Chairs Henry Shaw Committee 


IN JANUARY 1993, Douglas Blanke MacCarthy 
was named the new chair of the Henry Shaw 
Committee, succeeding Mrs. Walter Stern. The 
committee works 
with the Development 
Office to expand the 
Garden’s group of 
upper level members 
and to encourage ex- 
isting members to 
increase their level 
of support. Mr. 
MacCarthy has been 
an active member of 
the Henry Shaw Com- 
mittee since 1990, 
and he and his family 
are longtime Garden 
supporters. 

Mr. MacCarthy, a 
lifelong St. Louisan, 
is a vice president of 
Merrill Lynch in the 
Frontenac office. He is a graduate of St. Louis 
Country Day School and Princeton University. 
Active in community affairs, Mr. MacCarthy is 


New Guides 
and 
Instructors 
Complete 


Training 


ON Marcu 25, 1993, 11 new Garden Guides and five new Volunteer 
Instructors met in the Japanese Garden for the final session of their 
intensive 10-week training course. The new volunteers join 55 other 

=| “ ] om Be ae ee 


Guides and 17 other Instructors who | 


a member and former president the board of 
directors of Missouri Citizens for the Arts and 
of the Forum and he serves on the advisory 
council of Talking 
Tapes for the Blind. 
He is a_ former 
president of the 
board of the Reper- 
tory Theatre of St. 
Louis, has served on 
the board of trustees 
of the Saint Louis Art 
Museum, and is a 
former president of 
the development 
board of St. Louis 
Children’s Hospital, 
among other activities. 

Mr. MacCarthy 
said, “I am enthusias- 
tic about the future 
of the 
Committee. We are 
working hard to develop personal contacts 
it} 1 we hope to expand the size 
re | , ts hil) 


] 
ity tOWOTR 


cA’ 


at the Garden. 


and enthusiasm. 


The Guides and Instructors are a vital part of education for all age 


Sroups at the Garden. In addition to their introductory training, these 
dedicated volunteers take regular enrichment programs to help them 
t 4 = oe ] 1 * 3 5 8 Jj 


with the workshops, ] 


5 y sive torchidrenand 
adults all year long. As the Garden gears up for spring visits by school 
8roups, each new Guide or Instructor can expect to work with 24 
classes, or just over 500 children, between April 1 and the end of June. 


closely with upper level members. I am very 
grateful to Nora Stern for her splendid work in 
continuing the Henry Shaw Committee's role 
in raising the necessary funds to pursue the 
Garden's mission.” 

The current members of the Henry Shaw 
Committee are: Patrick Ackerman, Mrs. Lucien 
R. Fouke, Jr., Charles W. Freeman, Mrs. Au- 
gust W. Hager III, Mrs. Robert H. Kittner, Ms. 
Julia Maffit Lamy, Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. 
Stern, Robert P. Tschudy, John K. Wallace, Jr., 
Mrs. Donald D. Wren, and Harry E. 
Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 

Marcia Kerz, director of development for 
the Garden, said, “The Henry Shaw Commit- 
tee is an invaluable part of the Garden's 
fundraising effort. The membership support 
and increased giving encouraged by the com- 
mittee make possible many of the Garden’s 
activities, and the personal contact with our 
members is very important. We are very 
grateful to Doug MacCarthy and all of the 
members of the committee for the generous 
gift of their time and hard work.” 


At left: Douglas B. Mac arthy 


‘ The ( lass of 
Guides and 


Instructors 


the Japanese 


Garden 


Sandra Rode of the Education Divison said, “The generosity, creatiy- 
ity and knowledge of these volunteers will underline both the beauty 
and scientific value of the Garden. We thank them and their trainers, Pat 
Bushman and Janne Niemoeller, for the continuing gift of their time 


Above (front row, from left): Doris Rahn, Lorraine Thomas, Marie 
Grzesiowski, Joyce Nusbaum, Joyce Fritze, Pat Bushman, Shirley 
Walsh, Janne Niemoeller, Sharon Kreitner, Marion Steefel, Dorothy 
Hohenberger. Back row, from left: Stan McLean, Ted Dettmann, 
Carol Donelan, Ray Kirkman, John Viviano, Judy Brennan. Not 
pictured: Elisabeth Diemar, Martha Gersten. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 15, 


Jorge V. Crisci 


LIKE ALL OF OUR BOTANISTS, 
Dr. Jorge V. Crisci, an Honorary 
Curator of the Missouri Botanical 
Garden from the National Univer- 
sity of La Plata in La Plata, 
Argentina, is trained in systematic 
botany. His interests have led him 
beyond the traditional mono- 
graphic approach to botany, where 
scientists take a group of plants 
and learn everything they can 
about them. He has become a 
specialist in analyz- 
ing patterns of 
relationships among 
plants, working ( 
since 1968 in the 
dynamic new field 
of phylogenetic sys- 
tematics. 

Phylogenetic 
systematics is the = 
name of a powerful 
new method of ana- 
lyzing similarities 
among organisms, and ultimately 
of classifying them. This method 
generates objective, testable hy- 
potheses about relationships 
among species, genera and other 
groups of plants and animals. The 
final product isa phylogeny, asort 
of historical geneology. For hun- 
dreds of years, botanists have relied 
on personal and often subjective 
interpretations of the visible char- 
acteristics of plants to classify them. 
The phylogenetic approach, espe- 
cially when combined with 
exciting new techniques from mo- 
lecular biology such as DNA 
sequencing, is revolutionizing the 
way systematists work. 

Since it is impossible to learn 
everything about every plant 
group, many scientists believe it is 
best to study one group indepth in 
order to develop ideas about plant 
evolution that can then be tested 
on other groups. Crisci heads a 
group of biologists in Argentina. 
“We look at the historical rela- 
tionships among plants,” he says. 
“We are trying to come up witha 
family tree for Onagraceae.” 

Onagraceae, the evening prim- 
rose family, has turned out to bea 
16. BULLETIN MAY /JUNE 1993 


Jorge Crisci 


good group for such in-depth ex- 
amination. Studied by the Garden’s 
director, Peter Raven, for 35 years, 
the family, with more than 650 
species, is the most thoroughly 
studied plant family of its size. 
Together with Crisci and other 
research biologists around the 
globe, Garden botanists have made 
the Onagraceae a model for the 
understanding of plant evolution. 
Using that model, botanists can 
seek answers to questions about 
how species form, how they relate 

ia to one another, how 
pollination systems 
evolve, and the like. 


with his colleague 
Paul Ehrlich, devel- 
oped theories about 
plant population bi- 
ology. These theories have shaped 
our understanding of how plant 
species are defined, and how they 
evolve. 

Six years ago, Crisci spent a 
year working at the Garden, and 
since then has been coming here 
two months out of every year. His 
major collaborator during his vis- 
its at the Garden is Dr. Peter Hoch 
(see this page, at right). “My visits 
are very useful for me and every- 
one in my lab,” he says. “Every 
time I come here I learn a great 
deal. My visits give me access to 
the Garden’s library and other re- 
sources. It is an extraordinary 
opportunity thatI am grateful for.” 

Recently, Crisci’s activities at 
the Garden have expanded be- 
yond the Onagraceae research. He 
is working with other Garden staff 
members applying his research 
methods to other plant groups. 

In addition, he recently taught 
an intensive three-week course on 
phylogenetics for Garden gradu- 
ate students at the University of 
Missouri-St. Louis (UM-St. Louis) 
and Washington University. The 
students raved about his teaching. 
“We feel that Dr. Crisci’s teaching 


IN 


RESEAke@ 


skills are exemplary,” many of his 
students wrote in a memo to Dr. 
Albert Derby, chairman of biology 
at UM-St. Louis. “His full mastery 
of the material, especially the 
theory of phylogenetic systemat- 
ics, allows him to present many 
difficult concepts in a very clear 
and comprehensive manner...We 
hope Dr. Crisci’s course becomes 
an integral component of the stan- 
dard curriculum in our graduate 
program.” 


Peter C. Hoch 


Dr. Peter Hocu, the Garden 
curator whoisJorge Crisci’s ma- 
jor collaborator, was a student in 
the last course Peter Raven taught 
at Stanford University. Hoch was 
a Classics and English major at 
Stanford, which he says has helped 
him as a botanist. “Communica- 
tion is exceptionally important in 
any work,” he says. “Having a 
broad background, which in- 
cluded a great deal of writing, has 
certainly been a plus.” 

When he decided to pursue a 
graduate degree in botany, he chose 
Washington University so that he 
could work with Dr. Raven, who 
had helped and en- 


staffin 1977, shortly 
efore bein 
awarded his degree 
in early 1978. 
Soon after his ar- 


tropics through a 

course with the Organization for 
Tropical Studies in Costa Rica. 
His love for field work and plant 
collecting, along with his desire to 
work with Dr. Raven, steered him 
toward a degree in systematic 
botany and the plant family 
Onagraceae. 

h saw an immediate need 
for the study of the largest genus of 
Onagraceae, Epilobium. This ge- 
nus has some 160 species and is 


Peter Hoch 


well known in northern parts of 
North America for its most com- 
mon member, the colorful 
fireweed. “Epilobiumposedanum- 

er of interesting biological 
questions, suchas what has driven 
the evolution of so many species. 
Taxonomically, it presented some 


joyed the opportunity to do field 
work in the Rockies. 

Hoch currently works on phylo- 
genetic studies of Onagraceae (see 
story at left). Since Onagraceae is 
such a well-studied plant family, a 
great deal of information has been 
generated about it. “Right now 
we're trying to understand a lot of 
the information that has been pro- 
duced through the years. We're 
pulling all the information together 
to explain in a much deeper sense 
how we've gotten the species we've 
gotten, how species have evolved. 
We want to take the hypotheses 
developed by molecular system- 
atists and test them. It is very 
exciting.” 

A 


grad student at 
the Garden, Hoch helped to guide 
other graduate students. After a 
few years on the Garden staff, he 
took formally took 
charge of the gradu- 
ate student program 
and supervised it for 
eight years until 
1991, when Dr. 
Mick Richardson 
was named head of 
the department. 
Hoch is still in- 
volved with some 
graduate student 
projects. Hoch met 
his wife Gloria in 
1978 when she worked in the 
Garden’s herbarium. They were 
married in 1980 in the Japanese 

arden. 

He is happy to have been affili- 
ated with the Garden for the past 
15 years. “The Missouri Botanical 
Garden is the most exciting place 
for the kind of botanical work that 
we do. There is really no place like 
it, and I’ve met so many interest 
ing characters here.” 


SCIHOT 


(From left): Dr. Kodzo 

nyo, Bioresources 
International; Dr. Gordon 
M. Cragg, National Cancer 
Institute; Dr. Steven C. 


Robert P. Adams, Baylor 
University. 


DNA Bank-Net Considers Intellectual Property Rights 


WHO SHOULD PROFIT when a plant 
produces a commercially viable product? 
The collector of the plant? The government 
of the country in which the plant was 
collected? The drug or biotech company 
that produces the product? Some combina- 
tion of the three? These are among the 
questions that were considered at the second 
meeting of the DNA Bank-Net, held April 5- 
7, 1993, at the Garden. 


Mother’s Day Is May 9 

Just in time for Mother's Day, the Shop has a 
lovely selection of gift books. In My Mother's 
Garden, Gibbs Smith, $10.95, is a delightful 
blend of poetry and beautiful illustrations. 
On the lighter side, My Mother is the Best Gift 
I Ever Got, Random House, $8.00, presents 
observations by children; for example, a 
nine-year-old who says, “Mothers are more 
'mportant than the President because they 
make laws at home that you really got to 
obey.” 

There are also gifts that pamper: fragrant 
soaps and bubble bath, mud packs and back 
scrubbers, all made of natural ingredients. 
Make your own gift basket full of personal 
Care items and beautiful blooming plants. 


Father’s Day Is June 20 
For Dad, check out the Shop’s selection of 
Silk ties, outdoor statuary, bird houses and 
some of the best garden tools in town, 
including Felco pruners and Scott's adjust- 
able tools, plus gardening hats and gloves. 
don’t forget -- a Garden Gate Shop 
Gift Certificate for Mom or Dad is always 
welcome. 


More than 50 scientists attended the 
meeting. The DNA Bank-Net is a consortium 
of plant biologists that was formed to gather 
and store DNA-rich plant materials for future 
academic research and plans to explore 


potential future commercial applications. The 


group came together at their first meeting at 
Kew Gardens in England in 1991. It is the 
brainchild of Dr. Robert P. Adams of Baylor 
University, the main organizer of the meeting, 


The April 5 international symposium on 
intellectual property rights and plant 
materials was organized by Dr. Adams and 
Dr. James Miller, who leads the Missouri 
Botanical Garden’s Natural Products 
Research Program. The symposium 
examined existing models for programs that 
collaborate to produce new medicines or 
biotech products from plants and the rules 
that should govern their ethical operation. 

“For drug discovery and agricultural 
programs to be successful, the developing 
countries with the richest biodiversity must 
receive an equitable share of the profits,” 
said Dr. Miller. “Meetings such as this help 
to ensure that we deal with these issues fairly 
in the future.” 

The meeting also included symposia on 
gene amplification and utilization, utilization 
of DNA from herbarium, sub-fossil and fossil 
materials, and a special mini-symposium on 
plant conservation and storage in developing 
countries. 


Landmark Publications by 


Garden Scientists 


A Field Guide to the Families and 
Genera of Woody Plants of 
Northwest South America 


By Alwyn H. Gentry 
Conservation International 
895 pages, 291 illustrations. 
$25.00 


This field guide, written by a Garden curator 
who is one of the most distinguished 
research scientists in tropical botany, is the 
first ever to deal with the extraordinarily 
diverse flora of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. 
Drawing on his extensive experience 
exploring these regions, Gentry presents a 
new approach to the identification of 
tropical plants. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of the 
Garden, said, “This beautiful book repre- 
sents a landmark event in dealing with the 
trees, shrubs and lianas of this area, which is 
biologically the richest on earth. It reflects a 
depth of field knowledge that is unparal- 
leled, and it will make a permanent and 
important contribution to our understanding 
of these plants.” 


Environment 


By Peter H. Raven, Linda R. Berg, and 
George B. Johnson 

Saunders College Publishing, Harcourt Brace 
Jovanovich College Publishers 

670 pages, illustrated. $52.00 


This splendid new textbook on environmen- 
tal science will be invaluable to anyone 
interested in how the world works and what 
is happening to it as its human population 
expands. The authors synthesize the 
fundamental issues in a readable and 
beautifully illustrated text that stresses 
knowledge as a key to dealing with our 
future intelligently. 

Environment presents the concepts of 
ecology as a starting point for the study of 
environmental science. The text is enhanced 
by stunningly beautiful graphic illustrations 
and photographs. It focuses on the issues 
and dilemmas environmentalists must 
consider, encourages effective, thoughtful 
problem solving, and challenges students to 
take an active, positive role. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 17. 


7 


RICHARD BENKOF 


N ApRIL 8, Steve Wolff, the Garden’s 

production floriculturist, celebrated 

his 25th anniversary as a Garden hor- 
ticulturist. During this time, Wolff has watched 
Garden history unfold. 

“The last 25 years have been like a Golden 
Age or renaissance for the Garden and I feel 
privileged to have been a part of it,” he says. 
One of the first things Peter Raven did when he 
became director of the Garden in 1971 was to 
have a master plan for the Garden designed. 
“The master plan got it all started,” says Wolff. 
“We could plan things out and have a goal to 
shoot for.” 

Wolff was hired by the Garden as a high 
school senior. He continued to work while 
pursuing his horticulture degree at Meramec 
Community College. During these early years 
he worked with some of the horticultural 
giants whose names are familiar to those who 
have studied the Garden's history: Paul Kohl, 
Lad Cutak and George Pring, among others. 

“These men were my teachers and men- 
tors,” Wolffsays. “They dedicated their lives to 
the Garden and that dedication rubbed off on me.” 

During his first seven years in the horticulture department, Wolff 
worked ina variety of areas around the Garden, both inside and out. In 
1975 he decided to pursue a career in greenhouse work, because he 
found it to be the most Cares sine rewarding. As Production 
floriculturist, olffi the Garden’s 
indoor fl Timing and scheduling 
are everything in his job. “In the ps you are under the gun; you 
are working with a schedule since plants have to be ready at a specific 
time. You also have to keep up with the field -- things have changed so 
much in the past 25 years.” 

Another rewarding aspect of his job is producing the flowers for the 
annual Flower Festival at Christ Church Cathedral. Henry Shaw’s Will 


le for} 
a 


, 
i 73! 


ES it 
Meet eet, 


birders (from left) Barbara Addelson, Claudia 


Richardson, with Phoebe Snetsinger, at right. 


MAKING THE FIRST ENTRY-- Shown in the Spink Gallery are avid staff 
Mick 


Spener, and Dr. M 


18. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1902 


Ae elon 


Stephen E. Wolff 


stipulated that money be donated to Christ 
Church Cathedral for an annual sermon on 
“the wisdom and goodness of God as shown in 
the growth of flowers, fruits, and other prod- 
ucts of the vegetable kingdom.” Since the 
1930s, the Garden has also been filling the 
church with flowering plants for the Flower 
Festival. The plants are sold afterward and the 
money donated to charity. Last year, Wolff was 
honored by Christ Church Cathedral for “his 
22 years of caring devotion and faithful service 
to the annual Flower Festival.” 


CLIFF WILLIS | 


1 ig 


17, the Garden has played a major role in 
Wolff's life, both professionally and person- 
ally. Wolffs wife, Doris, was an herbarium 
assistant, and Wolff first met her while he was 
mowing near the Lehmann Building. They 
married in May of 1975 and from 1976 to 1979 
they lived in a small cottage on the Garden 
grounds which has since been removed. “Our 
second child was born while we lived on the 
Garden grounds. It was literally our kids’ 
backyard,” he says with more than a trace of nostalgia. 

His fellow employees and volunteers have Pint mare his time at 
the Garden memorable. “I remember the d kid 
and I had to show the older guys that I had ia it oe, to ee: at the 
Garden. Now that I am older I nays to show the youre Buys that I still 
have what it takes. Our! ery | leand lam 
always learning a great deal from them. I ne try to tg what I learned 
from the older guys and pass it along to the younger folks who are 
interested.” 

Wolffis proud to bea horticulturist. “The flowers I help produce for 
the shows or for outside displays make people’s lives that much more 
enjoyable. I think horticulture is a noble career. It keeps my batteries 
running.” 


New Nature Registry 


VISITORS TO THE GARDEN always notice the wildlife: a 
variety of squirrels, insects, and birds are attracted to the 
habitats created by the plantings on the grounds. Now 
visitors can share their observations by recording them in 
a beautiful new book located in the Spink Pavilion in the 
Ridgway Center. 

The Nature Registry was handmade by Vicki Lee, the 
book conservator in the Shoenberg Conservation Center in 
the Garden’s Library. The handsome ledger provides space 
for visitors to record their sightings of birds and other 
wildlife on the grounds of the Garden and Tower Grove 
Park. 

“May is a big month for bird migration, and there isa lot 
of activity here,” said Barbara Addelson of the Garden's 
Education Division. An avid birder herself, Barbara eX- 
plained that “there is also a lot of concern because the 
tropical rain forests that serve as the winter homes of many 
of our North American breeding birds are being destroyed. 
Scientists are noting a decline in the populations of a g00 


continued on next page 


A New Loco DESIGN 


Flora of China 


ee 


KK CEC ODES 


THE NEW LOGO for the Flora of 
China project, shown at left, was 
designed by Charles P. Reay, a 
senior vice president at Hellmuth, 
Obata & Kassabaum of St. Louis. 
Mr. Reay also designed the Garden’s 
familiar logo. 

The Flora of China logo was 
developed from a group of nested 
leaf forms. All of the leaves except 
the Ginkgo belong to genera that 
exist in both China and North 
America, representing the similari- 
ties of the forests that once 
convered both lands and symboliz- 
ing the Sino-American 
collaboration on the project. 

Two leaves of Rhododendron 
form the base of the logo. Upon 
them rests a Ginkgo biloba leaf. The 
curve of the Ginkgo leaf is reflected 
in its counter, a line that describes 
the upper of the three lobes of the 
leaf of the Chinese sweet gum, 
Liquidambar acalycina Chang. A leaf 
of the latter is completed by the 
horizontal lines reaching outward 
to the edge of the logo and by the 
curved half circle of the base. The 
leaf of the tulip tree Liriodendron 
forms the outer line of the logo. A 
leaf of the American sweet gum, 
Liquidambar styraciflua, rests within 
the others. Its upper lobe is formed 
in the inverted V-shape that rests 
on the Ginkgo leaf. Its two middle 
lobes are drawn by the horizontal 
line and the two inward-moving 
curved lines. Its lower lobes are 
coincident with lines describing the 
Rhododendron leaf. 

Chip Reay said, “The leaves go 
from those which are simple to 
those of increasing complexity. This 
progression—one, two, three, four, 
five—suggests the growth and 
expansion of knowledge in 
systematic botany. In the complex- 
ity of the form there is truth: the 
deeper we look, the more we will 

ind.” 


oc ie 
wha 
=< 
ae 
<x 
a 
= 
= 


building before 
renovation. 


Neighborhood Property Renovated for Guest Housing 


It may not look like much in this photograph, but by late spring this 


building will be completely rehabbed as six, two-bedroom guest apartments 


for the hundreds of scholars, students and interns that visit the Garden to 


participate in horticulture and research programs each year. For the past 


twelve years the Garden has temporarily rented a series of apartments for 
these visitors. The rehabbed unit will simplify property management for 
Garden staff and provide a central facility for our guests. The unit is 


located one block west of the Garden, making access easy, since most 
guests do not have cars. Further, the Garden’s use of the building in this 
way reduces the number of cars parked on the neighborhood’s streets. The 


rehabilitation is being carried out in close cooperation with neighborhood 


organizations and is sponsored by Southwest Housing Corporation in 


association with Operation ConServ, Operation Impact, and the Commu- 


nity Development Agency. 


New Nature Registry continued 


number of our migratory birds.” 
The Nature Registry was suggested 
by Peter Raven in conjunction with the 
oie ne f+} Pe Res Sem ple we Fy * 


Bec mical Garden and Tower Grove Park, 
which is available in the Garden Gate 
Shop for $1.95. Spink Gallery is open to 
visitors from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily. 


A World Champion Birder 
Makes First Entry 


big VERY FIRST ENTRY in the new 
, Phoebe 
Soetsinger a resident of Webster Groves 
and longtime Garden member who is 
well known in birding circles for having 
sighted a record-setting number of spe- 
cies. Her lifetime list stood at 7,300 the 
last time she counted, making her one of 
the top birders in the world. 
“I started when my children were 
young,” Phoebe said, “and I take several 


trips a year to look at birds. It takes a lot 
of study and preparation.” 

Phoebe’s travels have taken her all 
over the world, to exotic and sometimes 
nearly inaccessible locations. She has 
observed birds in Africa, Micronesia, 
South and Central America, and is headed 
for Kenya next. Onarecentexpeditionin 
New Guinea, she and her companions 
were nearly killed when a boat over- 
turned several miles from shore. But 
perhaps her most exciting adventure was 
in 1983 in St. Louis, when she and two 
companions made the first sighting of a 
Slaty-backed Gull in the lower 48 states. 

“I have always been more interested in 
learning about birds than in just making 
sightings,” Phoebe said. The Garden 
hopes to encourage that enthusiasm for 
learning about the natural world by in- 
viting Garden visitors to add to the new 
Nature Registry. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 19, 


Pee eS 
Naturalists’ Adventure in 
Tropical Belize and Guatemala 


Tour members visit the rain forest. 


IN Fepruary, the Garden sponsored a trip to 
Belize and Guatemala. Twenty-eight St. 
Louisans and three Garden staff from the Edu- 
cation Division spent 1] days in these two 
Central American countries. The group ex- 
plored tropical habitats, investigated medicinal 


plants, watched exotic birds, climbed on 1000- 
lIM ] 2 i | ee 


“ 


year ; [ pical 
rivers past bat colonies hanging from lime- 
stone cliffs, hiked around mangrove swamps, 
and snorkeled among the coral reefs of the 
Caribbean. 

Many interesting plants and animals were 
observed on visits to two of Belize’s wildlife 
sanctuaries, both examples of successful 
tropical preservation: Crooked Tree Wildlife 
Sanctuary, a wetlands area that is home to 
thousands of species, and the Community 
Baboon Sanctuary, a rain forest sanctuary for 
black howler monkeys preserved through 
the cooperation of land owners and conser- 
vationists. 

S Id ys ind © pl i gthe tropi- 
cal pine forests of the Maya M ins with its 
magnificent 1000-foot falls and Rio Frio Cave. 
In these forests, bromeliads and orchids hang 
from the branches of pine trees, while tree ferns 
grow on the forest floor. Another highlight of 
the trip was a guided tour of the Mayan Medi- 
cine Trail, where everyone was able to hear 
about Maya folk medicine and see many of the 
important tropical plants from which medici- 
nal products have been derived. 

In Guatemala the group climbed to the top 
of 2000-year-old Mayan temples at Tikal, an 
incredible ancient city surrounded by rain 
forest left undisturbed for several hundred 


20. BULLETIN May/ JUNE 1993 


New Stream Ecology Book 
Published 


The Garden has published a new 
book for teachers and students, 

tream Ecology: A Journal for 
Action, by Jeffrey C. DePew, coordi- 
nator of the Henry Shaw Academy, 
with editorial assistance by Susanne 
F. Reed and Jennifer L. Gleason of 
the Garden’s Education Division. 
Illustrations were prepared by 
Angela Naughton and Lori Carl. 
Susanne Reed was the designer. 

The book is intended as a resource 

uide, as a curriculum for classes, as 
a journal for students to record their 
ideas, information and analysis of 
collected data, and as a model for 
teachers to use and adapt for their 


learning about or preserving aquatic 
resources and wetlands will find 
Stream Ecology invaluable. 

The book is based on the Stream 
Ecology Program of the Henry Shaw 
Academy. The year-long program 
was developed by Jeff DePew for 
students ages 13 to 14. Susanne Reed 
and Jennifer Gleason both have 
worked as assistants with the Henry 
Shaw Academy. 

he 112 page book is lavishly 
illustrated and includes a number of 


Box 299, St. 
Louis, MO 63166-0299. Each copy is 
$15, which includes shipping and 
handling. 


The forecast called for snow, and the 
Post-Di 


years. The trip ended with several days on 
Ambergris Caye, an island near the Belize 
barrier reef. Snorkeling trips to watch thou- 
sands of colorful fish feed near the coral reef 

= Se ent tae | <a 1 . c ‘ 


g ] tropi 
cal mangrove swamps. 

The Missouri Botanical Garden is planning 
other exciting trips to tropical Central and 
South America. Please be sure to watch future 
issues of the Bulletin and the adult education 
brochure for information about these learning 
opportunities. 


Oral History Program 
Interviews S. E. Taylor 


Dr. S. Etwynn Taytor, a_ professor of 
climatology and meteorology at Iowa State 
University, visited St. Louis this spring to 
recount his recollections of the Garden in the 
late 1960s to Eddie Rosenheim, who conducts 
interviews for the Library's Oral History Pro- 
gram. During his visit he delivered a lecture at 
the Garden on “Implications of Global Pat- 
terns of Climate Change.” 

Dr. Taylor was a graduate student at the 
Garden from 1966 to 1970, earning his Ph.D. 
in botany from Washington University. Dr. 
David Gates, then director of the Garden, was 
his advisor. After working as an agricultural 
meteorologist for the National Weather Ser- 
vice, Dr. Taylor joined the Department of 
Agronomy at Iowa State in 1979. 

Asa graduate student, Taylor worked exten- 
sively on gladesat the Shaw Arboretum in Gray 
Summit. He took the course “Dynamics of the 
Landscape” from Edgar Anderson, a former 
director of the Garden, whose work he called 
“40 years ahead of its time.” 

In addition to a wealth of anecdotes, Dr. 
Taylor reminded us of the Garden’s ongoing 
scientific accomplishments, including studies 
on the measurement of viruses, the pollination 
of yucca flowers by wasps, and the develop- 
ment of creosote, which involved “all these old 
telephone poles set into the ground where the 
Ridgway Center is now,” he remembered. In 
addition, Dr. Taylor claims the distinction of 
having been the individual who first invited 
Peter Raven to visit the Garden, for a graduate 
seminar in the late ’60s. 

“Dr. Taylor's reminiscences illustrate the 
enormous value of the Oral History Program, 
said Constance Wolf, the Garden’s librarian. 
“These interviews fillin gaps in our knowledge 
and give a human dimension to records an 
documents.” 


New Trustees Join Board 


In January 1993 two new Trustees were elected to the 
Garden’s Board for two-year terms. 


The Honorable Carol E. Jackson 


Carol Jackson is a United States District Judge for the 
U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Missouri. She 
Was appointed a Magistrate Judge in 1986, and re- 
ceived her appointment as a District Judge in 1992. 

A native St. Louisan, Judge Jackson is a 1973 
graduate of Wellesley College and earned her law 
degree from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor 
: 1976. She served as an adjunct professor at the 
Washington University School of Law from 1989 
through 1991, was senior attorney for Mallinckrodt, 
Inc. from 1983 to 1985, and was an associate of 
Thompson & Mitchell law firm in St. Louis from 
1976 to 1983. 

She is active in community affairs in St. Louis, 
=e as an advisory commissioner to the Saint 
Louis Art Museum and working with Project Re- 
spond/Vision for Children at Risk. Judge Jackson is a 
member of the Missouri Bar, the Bar Association of 
Metropolitan St. Louis and the Mound City Bar 
Association. 

a = wonderful childhood memories that pre- 
ne : Climatron, so I truly appreciate the 
Ga. ey changes that have taken place at the 
ae i, said Judge Jackson. “As a nearby resident, | 
€specially interested in learning more about the 
arden’s programs and services, and I hope I can 
make a contribution.” 
; peg are very fortunate to have Judge Jackson as 
pas ie Board of Trustees,” said Dr. Peter H. 
ies an oan ah look forward to working with 
ian eneliting from her knowledge of the St. 
community.” 


Carolyn W. Losos 


Carolyn Losos has served St. Louis with distinction 
for many years. Since 1981 she has been executive 
director of Leadership St. Louis, now known as 
the Leadership Center of St. Louis, an organization 
that develops, promotes and inspires existing, 
emerging and potential leaders to bring together the 
resources required to solve problems and address 
issues affecting the quality of life in the St. Louis 
region. 

A native St. Louisan, Mrs. Losos also serv tl 
board of directors of St. Louis Children’s Hospital, 
the national board of Girl Scouts of the U.S.A., the 
Regional Arts Commission, the National Council for 
the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Washington 
University, and the National Center of Parents As 
Teachers. She is a member or past member of many 
other St. Louis and national organizations. 

Mrs. Losos shares her interest and concern with 
environmental issues with her entire family. Her 
daughter is an environmental ecologist with the 
Wilderness Society looking at a new approach to 
biodiversity and endangered species in the U.S., and 
her son is an evolutionary biologist on the faculty at 

Vashineton University. Her other two daughters are 


teachers. 

“We have travelled all over the world to visit 
places of interest to conservationists,” Mrs. Losos 
said. “We have visited Costa Rica, Madagascar, Kenya, 
the Central African Republic, Botswana, and every- 
where we go people know about the wonderful work 
of the Missouri Botanical Garden. I am very inter- 
ested in helping St. Louisans to understand the 

global scope of the 
_ Garden's work, and 
encourage them to 
make a commit- 
ment to the world’s 
environmental con- 
cerns.” 
| Shecontinued, “I 
© feel very lucky to be 
on the Garden’s 
| Board. It isa jewel in 
1 the crown of our 
| community.” 


IN HONOR OF 


TRIBUTES 


JAN* FEBe 1993 


Mrs. George Achuff 
Mrs. J. Eugene Johanson 
Susan Banks 
Mr. and Mrs, Paul Brackman 
r. and Mrs. Donald Barr 
Mr. and Mrs. Warren R. Kunstman 
Miss Mary Elizabeth Bascom 
Mr. and Mrs. Lucien R. Fouke Jr 
Mr. and Mrs. W. Boardman Jones Jr 
Gerald Boc 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank I 
Mr. Leon Bodenheimer 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester P. Ackerman Jr. 
Mrs. Celia J. Agatstein 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester Bamberger 
Mr. and Mrs, Jack E. Edlin 
Mrs. Natalie Freund 
Mrs. Carl Glaser 
Mrs. Babette Hirsch 
Ms. Lisa Iglauer 
Mrs. Henry Kahn 
Mrs. Richard K. Kaufmann 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Laba 
Mrs. Melvin Levi 
Mr. and Mrs. Alan Lewin 
Robert Lewin 


a 


Martinez 


Mrs. Benjamin Loeb 

Mrs. Harry W. Loeb 

Mr. Alfonso Menotti 

Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Pfaelzer 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Prins 

Mr. Louis G. Rothschild Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Ruprecht 
Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur A. Scharff Jr. 
Mrs. Walter Sears 

Mrs. A. Ernest Stein 

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 


Dr. and Mrs. William F. Kiefer Jr. 
Lee and Les Cooper 

Dr. and Mrs. Marshall B. Conrad 
Susan and Clyde Craig 

Mrs. Donna Spector 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert Friedman 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Francis Jr 
Dr. Arthur Gale 

Mr. and Mrs. Ronald E. Meyer 
Louise Green 


Margot and Jim Holsen 

The Griffin Family 

Kelly, Boyd, Lauren, Ali Bermel 
Mrs. Eva 

Gloria Krimmel 

Miriam Schokmiller 
Elizabeth Mead Heitner 
Mrs. Guy S. Forcier 


continued on the next page 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 21. 


TRIBUTES 


continued 


Tyler Joseph Hermes 
Mr. Melroy S. Hutnick 
“ete 


ri i 
Bennett Hills Garden Club 
ax Hirschfelder 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Laba 
Mrs. William A es Jr. 
Episcopal Church Women of the 
Diocese of Missouri 
Mr. L. Kallia 
Orchid Society of Greater St. Louis 
Elma and Howard Kanefield 


Mr. and Mrs. Martin Smith 
Mr. Richard Knopf 
Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Mr. and Mrs. Sam Korando 
Mary, Paul, David Jones 
Carolyn Lasky 
Audrey and Jerry Michelson 
Mrs. Hazel Loewenwarter 
Jean Bloch 
Mr, and Mrs. Jerry Marcus 
Jeannette and Jennings Stein 
Dr. Maurice J. Lonsway Jr. 
DBA The Children’s Clinic 
Dr. and Mrs. Benjamin Milder 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Mr. Samuel B. Murph 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 
Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Perlmutter 
Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 
Mr. Philip Pfeffer 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur F. ate 

Mr. Lawren 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Sie 


rs. Henry Schwartz 
Mr. and Mrs. ee N. meng 
Mr. Robert Brookings Sm 
Mr. and Mrs. 5 L. Hadley ee 
Mr. and Mrs. Harvard K. Hecker 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Pulitzer Jr. 
Robert Brookings Smith 
Nancy Smith 
Dr. and Mrs. Carlton M. Akins 

uth Snitzer 


Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Arensman 
Margaret Whitmire 

Ms. Cucky Mergen: — Abrams 
Mr. and Mrs. Clay G 

Mrs. Dorothy ees and Family 
Mrs. Jean S. Weinstock 

Mr. Peter Astrack 

Mr. and Mrs. James M. Daher 


22. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 


IN MEMORY OF 


Mrs. Bessie Axelbaum 
rs. Polk Withers 

Father of Margaret Bahe 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert Kramer 

Mrs. Janet A. Bannes 

Elizabeth Crawford 


Mr. and Mrs. Arthur W. Anderson 
Dr. Marvin L. Bills 

Scott ete Family 

Mrs. Faye Schneider Block 
Mr. a Mrs. — B. Nisei 
Mrs. Ethel Blus 

Dr. and Mrs. SSauay A. Woolsey 
Mrs. Arline Briner 

Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence E. Stout Jr. 
Judge William E. Buder 

Mrs. Isaac C. Orr 

Mrs. Louise Burdick 

Ken and Erin Kuhlmann 
Charles Calvird 

Mrs. Elizabeth Cason 

Mr. and Mrs. Bill Heidel 

Mrs. Edward Kauffman 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Kauffman 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul Klincar 

The Lobrano Family 

Mrs. Walter Schroeder 

Mr. A. Wimmer Carr 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Mrs. Barbara Carson 

Miss Marilyn Wind 

Edward C 

Mr. Alan R. Elfrink 

Mother of Debbie Catron 


Mrs. Virginia H. saa 

Mrs. Fred Dalto 

Mr. and Mrs. a Kodner 

Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 

Mr. Hugo H. Davis 

Mr. and Mrs. Seria as 
nd E. 


nd Mrs. G. Eisenberger 
Debbie Glenn Na rine? 
Mrs. Barbara 
Mr. Stanley Kn 
Mr. David Lafor: 
Steve een Bi Fenty 
eeffe 


Mr 
Mrs. Shirley Sexton 
Mrs. Linda Sloan-Diaz 


Mr. Harry White 


J. Whitten 
Mr. Al Wooters 
Mrs. Donna Se 
Mr. and Mrs. Nor 
Alan Doede 
Nancy Hill-Holtzman 
Jack Newman 
Sister Amelia Ehrenreich 


Mary Lucille Gunn Flotken 
Mrs. Thomas A. Graham III] 
ah igs Fouke 

George Watson Skinner 
Salina Frelich 


r. and Mrs. Steve Smith 


Mrs. Dorothy Friber. 


TE 
Marilyn and Marvin Levinson 
Fritz 


Mrs. Helen 
Nancy and ree Kling 
Mr. John Gabriel 


Mr. and Mrs. Warren Adolf Jr. 


Mr. Jack Cromartie 
Mr. and Mrs. William R. pice ihe 


Jody C. Hold 
Irene and Johnny Johnston 
Marvin and Marilyn Levinson 


United States Diving Friends 
Mr. E. L. Wi 


Mr. William Gallagher 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 
Mrs. Kathleen L. Gardner 
Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Westoby 


= erie ines Goe 
Mrs. pears a 


Mis. MeVei te Goodso 


Ralph Emmendorfer 

Mr. ee Mrs. wittia H. Ferrell 
Dr. and Mrs. T. E. Sanders 
Mrs. Hahn 
Mr. and Mrs. Louis W. Clark III 
Mr. C.D.P. Hamilton III 
Mr. and Mrs. Ben F. Hickman 
Mrs. John K. Wallace Sr. 
Mrs. Lavon Harris 
Mr. and Mrs. Dennis C. a 
Mrs. Richard Harri 
Mr. and Mrs. Eugene “ Kacin 
Paul V. Heine 


Mrs. Peggy R. Hellm 

Mr. and Mrs. Harold ceased 
Mr. and Mrs. James L. Schwab Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Steve Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 
Terry Hellyer 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Mrs. Leah Mayer Herrmann 
Mr. and Mrs. Ronald G. Mueller 
Mrs. Mame Hoff 

Ms. Mary Jean Szepanski 

Mr. Jose Vaquero Huerta 
Dr. and Mrs. Luis H. Schwarz 
Ms. Helen Hughes 

Mrs. Vardi M. Veeder 

Mr. Joseph Hyman 

Mr. and Martin Smith 


Mr. and Mrs. T. Notorangelo 

Mr. Tom Kader 

Mrs. Clara LaVoise 

Stepfather of Mr. and Mrs. Joel 
Kalemis 


Don and Peggy Ross 
rnest L. Keathley 
Mary C. Heller 


Mr. Bernard J. Keence 
Charlotte Ballard 

Mr. Glennon Blomes 

Mrs. Herb Borgmeyer 

Mr. and Mrs. John Devine 


Mr. and Mrs. David W. Jones 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald E. Kuehl 
Mr. and Mrs. Alan L. Schulte 
Mr. and Mrs. Gary Scull 

Mr. Henry B, Soltermann 


Mrs. Dorothea Kerley 
Ca 


Mrs. Clara Kieffer 
Mr. and Mrs, George E. Leutwiler 


Mr. Churchill Whittemore 
Kna 


Mr. and Mrs. om R.1 i 
goe and Family 

Mrs, Elsa P. Kn 

Mr. and Mrs. ce . L. Drennan Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Jean S. Goodso 


Mrs. Josephine Kuencke 

Mr. and Mrs. Edgar J. Neidel 

Mr. Barry Landes 

Guy and Marg Schmitz 

Father of Mr. and Mrs. Richard 
Lange 


Dr. and Mrs. Donald Ross 
Mr. Vir. gil M. Larkin 


Mr. and Mrs. John ~ 
hol 
Mr. Rohert ~ olz 


- and Mrs. ate ane 
T. and Mrs. Ronald R. Paul 
Kevin Londe 


Mr. and Mrs. Harold Katz 
Mr. E Edwin J. Lon 


‘i Louis ao Society 
‘Ss Dorothy Lord 


- Anne 0’ Connor 


- Elsie Meyer 


oe and a Richard B. Rosenthal 
Fores: - Meyer 


Mr. and ‘oi George Winter 
- Cha: . Miller 


Mr. and Mrs. Gideon Schiller 


Mr. Elmer W. Miller 
Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 


Edward L. Mudd 

Corine M. Maness 
Carolyn J. Naru 

Mr. and Mrs. Harry Zattarella 
Mr. Ed Nieshoff 

Martin ee Family 

Mr. Nohl 


Mr. and Mrs. Jeff Smith 
Gerre Obana 

Nancy K. Robards 

Mr. Harold Ohmer 


Monsanto Corporate Rese 
Creve Coeur & cheer Village 
Mrs. Gertrude Patinkin 
Nan and Richard ee 
ian E. Paul 


Mr. Curtis L. Casetta 
Ms. Janice Caulfield 


Mrs. Herbert 
Mr. and Mrs. ile Straus 
Master Jonathan aut 
Lucille Guise 
r. Ray Reimer 
ee and Mrs. Arthur W. Anderson 


sary 
JOhn and meee Rosebrough 
enger 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 

Mr. Preston W. Lewis 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward R. Samuels 
Mrs. Elizabeth L. negro 
Ms. Veronica O. Croni 

Sharon Dunn 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert C. Ely 
Catherine D. Johnson 

Sen. and Mrs. James L. Mathewson 
St. Louis Horticultural Society 


Mr. and Mrs. William T. Zumwalt 
Brother of Mr. and Mrs. Martin 


Mrs. Carolyn Losos 
Mrs. Lois E. Shaughnessy 
BSI Constructors Inc. 


i era creme ae ra ee et en ea STE ate 


Mrs. Marian Signaigo 
Mr. and Mrs, Arthur W, Anderson 
ule 


Mr. and Mrs. Jerald D. Adair 
Dr. Marlin C. Spoeneman 
Mrs. Joseph A. Roy 

Mr. Fred Steffen 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur W. Anderson 
Mr. Harry M. Stevens 

Mr. and Mrs. Warren E. Rummelhoff 
Mrs. Eleanor Conant Storrs 


Mr. and Mrs. Rudy Hubacek 
_— Jean Taylor 
Cindy J. Huelsing 
Sa L. Wright 
r. Edward H. Tenney 
ae and Mrs. William R. Vickroy 
rt) 


ee “of John Uhlemann 
Nan and Richard Peoria 
Mr. Carl T. Wi 

Mrs. Irene L. hissy 

Mrs. Horton Watkins 
Natalie Dohr and Family 


Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Pettus Jr 

Mrs. Edwin G. Russell 

Mr. Watson 

Mr. and Mrs. John E. Cramer Ill 
el 


Mr. and Mrs. Eric Kunsman 

Elinor Carter White 

Mr. and Mrs. Rumsey Ewing 

Mrs. Mollie Winwood 

Mrs. Fred C. Gassman 

Dr. and Mrs. John H. Kendig 

Mr. and Mrs. J. Daniel Nickel 

Dr. Clinton Woo 

Dr. and Mrs. Sidney Goldring 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 

Victor Wynn 

Dr. and Mrs. Ronald D. Gersten 
se 


Mrs. Rosemary Bucher 
Eliz. 


er 
Barnes Hospital-Medical Record 


hl 
Mrs. Philip Wagenknecht 


Mr. and Mrs. Gideon H. Schiller's 
tribute in memory of Mr. Bram Lewin 
was incorrectly listed in the last issue. 
We regret the error. —Editor 


aE 
BOARD > 0-F 


TRUSTEES 


Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. 
President 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, 5.J. 
Mr. Stephen F, Brauer 
Mr. William H, T. Bush 
Mr. Parker B, Condie 
Dr. William H. Danforth 
Mr. M. Peter Fischer 
Mrs. Sam Fox 
Mr. Samuel B, Ha 
The Hon. Carol E. Jackson 


Mr. Richard J. Mahoney 
Mr. William E. Maritz 
Mr. James S. McDonnell III 
Mr. Lucius B. Morse III 
Reverend Earl E. Nance, Jr. 
Dr. Helen E. Nash 
The Rt. Rev. Hays H. Rockwell 
The Hon. Vincent C. Schoemehl, Jr. 
. Walter G. Stern 
Mr. Andrew C., Taylor 
Dr. George E. Thoma 
Mr. Jack E. Thomas, Jr. 
Dr. Blanche Touhill 
The Hon, George R. Westfall 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman III 


Emeritus TRUSTEES 
Mr. Ho F 
Mt. Clarence C. Barksdale 
Mr. Joseph H. Bascom 
Dr. John H. Biggs 
Mr. Jules D. Campbell 


Mr. William R. copii aa 
Mrs. Vernon 

Mrs. Lucianna ets Ae 

Mr. Louis S. Sachs 
Mr. Daniel L. Schlafly 
Mr. Warren M. Shapleigh 

Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. 

Mr. Robert Brookings Smith 
Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr 

Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


Honorary TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 


Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


EMBERS’ BoarD 
Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais, President 
obert P. Tschudy 
Mrs, Sep F. Bowen, Jr. 
Dale Whitten 
ie Walter Perry 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1993 23. 


Inside 


This Issue 


4. 


DISTINGUISHED RUSSIAN VISITORS 


The leading botanists of the former Soviet 
Union visit the Garden. 


). 
NEW DEMONSTRATION 
ele and W hitney Harris donate the new 
Secret Garden at the Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. 


6. 


NEW FEATURES AT SHAW 
ARBORETUM 


The W hitmire Wildflower Garden, the 
new plant Nursery, and the Wetlands all 
are on view this spring. 


o. 


_ HOME GARDENING — 


Irises are perennial favorites. Learn how 
to grow them at home. 


11. 


GATEWAY TO GARDE me. 


GTGA has its headquarters in the new 
Conservation Center. 


(2. 
ee 
Rose Evening, Purple Martin Evening and 
Jazz in June highlight summer evenings. 


14. 


__NEWS OF THE MEMBERS: 


Admission fees increase for non-members. 


16. 
__PROFILES IN RESEARCH 
Jorge Crisci and Peter Hoch work with 
phylogenetics and the Onagraceae. 


RRR Sea neo RCN rome ree 


1993 garden [OU ie 


Sunday, June 6, 1993 

10 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. 

Rain or Shine 

Garden members are invited to visit nine of the 
loveliest private gardens in St. Louis. 


finale p CL. rly 


Sunday, June 6, 1993 

5:30 to 8:30 p.m. 

Meinbers are invited to celebrate the conclusion 
of a very special day with a spectacular party 

3 at a magnificent private home. 


Watch the mail for your invitation, including tour costs, 
party fees, and registration for this special event 
for members only. Participation will be limited. 


MEMBERS’ SPECIAL EVENT 
is gies ee 
Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 


St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 


(Z 
SK 


PAI 
AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


/ aiden eet 


a: 


Missouri BOTANICAL GARDEN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 


“The mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden is to discover and share knowledge 
about plants and their environment, in order to preserve and enrich life. Accom- 
plishing this mission depends on the responsible management and conservation of 
the world’s biodiversity. The quality of human existence depends on an environ- 
ment that is healthful in all respects. For these reasons, the Garden places major 
emphasis on educating individuals to take responsibility for the overall quality of 
the environment. In addition, the Garden promotes public understanding o 
environmental issues locally, nationally, and internationally. 

“Particular goals of the Garden’s programs are the conservation of biodiversity, 
sound horticultural practices, international understanding and action, and the 


responsible use of all resources. The Garden emphasizes these goals in its own 
activities and encourages individuals and other organizations to do so as well.” 


The statement above was adopted by the Board of Trustees at their meeting on 
May 19, 1993. It is the result of many meetings and discussions, and long, careful 
consideration by Garden staff and our Trustees. Advocating sound environmental 
policies is important, and practicing them to the best of our ability requires an even 
greater commitment. As an institution we are pledged to take responsibility for our 
actions and to lead by example, and I look forward to our progress and to your 
continued support for our efforts. Future issues of the Bulletin will examine our 


initiatives in detail. 


ummer is upon us, with a calendar filled with delightful activities for all ages. 
From “Kids in Bloom” to the Moonlight Stroll, from “Celebrate the Tropics” to the 
Japanese Festival, we hope that you and your family and friends will join us often. I 
especially encourage you to visit the beautiful new Whitmire Wildflower Garden at 
Shaw Arboretum in Gray Summit, a glorious addition to our displays and a celebra- 


tion of our native plants. 


— Peter H. Raven, Director 


—————EElll—‘=—s 


Raven Delivers Commencement Address at Washington University 


Grand Marshall Burton Wheeler 


hoods Peter 


H. Raven as Washington University 


Trustee Sarah S. Wallace (center) and Chancellor William H. Danforth look on. 


AT Washington University’s 132nd commencement 
May 14, 1993, Peter H. Raven delivered the com- 


appointment as Engelmann Professor of Botany at 
the University, received an honorary doctor of sci- 
ence degree. Raven’s address was titled “Attitudes 
and Alliances: Shared Dependencies and Responsi- 
bilities for the Environment.” 

The Garden shares a long history of collabora- 
tion with Washington University. The Garden's 
founder, Henry Shaw, endowed the Henry Shaw 
School of Botany at Washington University and 


specified that the Garden’s director be a professor 
there. The school awarded its first doctorate in 
1895. Today approximately 20 graduate students 
per year receive their training in botany at the Gar- 
den, in cooperation with Washington University 
the University of Missouri-St. Louis, Saint Louis 
University, and Southern Illinois University at 
Edwardsville 

Other recipients of honorary degrees at the Wash- 
ington University commencement were Russell i. 
Ackoff, Stanley Cohen, Stanley L. Lopata, Sybil C. 
Mobley, Joseph Pulitzer Jr., and Harold A. Ramis. 


. 


5 
o 


To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you 
move. Please enclose the mailing 
label on the back cover of this 
Bulletin and mail to: 


Name: 

Old Address: 
Street 

City 

State_ Zip 


New Address: 


Date effective: 


Street ee 


City. 


he ea A 
On the Cover 


The Linnean House 
Photo by King Schoenfeld 


Editor 


Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 


Fe 

St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
1993 Missouri Botanical Garden 
The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) be 
published bi-monthly by the Missour 
Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower o< 
Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Secon 
class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 

The BULLE 


d Tower 


events and receptions; announcements 
of all lectures and classes; discounts e 
the Garden Gate Shop and course fees; 
and the opportunity for travel, domes- 
tic and abroad, with other members. 
For information, please call (314) 577- 
5108 


Postmaster: Please send nee 
changes to: Bulletin, Missouri Bota 
Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, M 
63166-0299. 


MISSOUR! BOTANICAL 


AUG 13 1993 


GARDEN LIBRARY 


Emerson Electric Co. 
Conservation Center 


Is Dedicated 


RICHARD BENKOF 


CLIFF WILLIS 


RICHARD BENKOF 


UNDAY, JUNE 20, 1993, the 

ribbon was cut officially 

opening the new Emerson 
Electric Co. Conservation Center 


on the west side of the Ridgway 
Center. The public was invited to 
tour the new facility. 

The naming gift, made possible 
from a gift through the Emerson 
Charitable Trust, allowed the 
Garden to complete funding for the 


Shown at the ribbon building and to meet a $500,000 challenge grant from the 
cutting ceremony Kresge Foundation. The Center was designed by Mackey 
are (fom left): The Mitchell Associates as a renovation of the 1965 Park Building 
iow. Batrick and an 8,430 square foot addition on its north side. The 
bo a energy-efficient, cost-saving building houses the Horticulture 
Paul I meee s Division, the Horticultural Answer Service, the Center for Plant 
Mackey Mitchell Conservation, and the Gateway to Gardening Association. 
Ate “This wonderful new building brings together staff working 
Nancy R. Sissi: in programs with closely related objectives for conservation 
assistant director of and community outreach,” said Dr. Peter H. Raven, director. 
the : : “We expect it to have local, national, and international 
G. Shannon Smith, dimensions, attracting scientists, horticulturists, and educators 
director of horticul- She collaborating on the central issues driving the conservation 
ture at the Garden, ‘Above: An atrium skylight illuminates movement.” 
the central office space on the se The Garden wishes to thank all the other donors whose 
level. Above, right: The former exterior generous support helped to make the Center a reality, includ- 
Meee sce of the old Park Building ing: Boatmen’s Bancshares, Inc.; Mr. and Mrs. Stephen F. 
Sorms : interior wall in the Brauer; Mr. and Mrs. William S. Knowles; The Kresge Founda- 


Center. tion; Maritz, Inc.; the Spencer T. and Ann W. Olin Foundation: 


PET Incorporated; Warren and Jane Shapleigh; Mr. and Mrs. 
Andrew C. Taylor; and the Members of the Missouri Botanical 
Garden. 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 3. 


RICHARD BENKOF 


AFRICA AND 
MADAGASCAR 


by Janine Adams 


THE Missouri Botanical Garden is the leader in botanical research 
being conducted in Africa by U.S. botanical institutions. It serves as 
the North American center for the study of African botany and houses 
the nation’s largest collection of plant specimens from Africa. 

Gard ientist tly are working in Madagascar, Cameroon, 
Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Tanzania and South Africa. Projects in at least 
four other countries are pending. The Africa and Madagascar depart- 
ment is headed by Dr. Porter P. Lowry II, a Garden botanist based in 
Paris. The department has 17 full time botanists, several of whom are 
stationed abroad. 

The Garden’s work in Africa is growing rapidly. In 1991 the 
Garden signed a $1.2 million five-year contract with the National 
Cancer Institute to collect plants in Africa to be screened by NCI for 
potential anti-cancer and anti-HIV properties. This project, under the 
direction of Dr. James S. Miller, is opening new doors for the Garden 
in Africa. Through the NCI contract the Garden provides direct 
support for local botanical institutions in the countries in which it 
works. In addition, before doing any NCI collecting, the Garden has 
arranged a bilateral agreement with the country’s government and 
NCI to ensure that the host country receives due compensation in the 
event that a new drug is developed. 

This is the Garden’s second five-year contract with NCI for Africa. 
One plant in particular, collected for NCI during the first contract, has 
produced promising results in the laboratory for anti-HIV activity (see 
story at right). 

The Garden also has a large program in Madagascar, where it began 
working in 1972. Since 1983 Garden researchers have been conduct- 
ing basic research and exploration of the island’s poorly known flora 
and establishing a comprehensive database of the plants of Madagas- 


Dr. George Schatz (left) and Dr. Porter P. Lowry II discuss ir work 
in Africa and Madagascar. oe 
car. NCI collecting is conducted in M 
Garden botanists train and assist Ma 


earch ¢ 


adagascar as well. In addition, 
lagasy botanists in modern re- 


the country. The Garden has also advised the government of Mada- 
4. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


2 eee 


gascar on a master plan for Parc Tsimbazaza, the botanical garden and 
zoological park in the country’s capital, Antananarivo. The park will 
provide residents with the opportunity to learn about the importance 
of the unique plants and animals native to their country and serves as 
a center for botanical research. 

As the Africa and Madagascar program grows, one of its most 
pect gthening instituti d building cooperation 
among the various organizations, agencies and individuals operating 
in each country. “Every project we undertake in Africa has a conserva- 
tion and a training component,” Lowry continued. “Collaboration 
with our local counterparts is an integral part of all our activities, 
extending our reach far beyond what we can do with our staff working 
alone. We try to build the kinds of relationships that help to provide 
the people of each country with the resources they will need to carry 
on the study and to protect their natural heritage far into the future.” 

“We have a long term commitment as an institution in building a 
strong program in Africa,” says Lowry. While Africa boasts fewer 
plant species than the Neotropics, the amount of attention they are 
currently receiving is far less than needed. The Garden is working to 
build the body of knowledge about African plants and to help Africa 
protect the plant life on which its people depend. 


important 


Garden Botanists Discover A Plant 
That May Lead To Treatment 


A POTENTIAL TREATMENT for AIDS is one step closer to reality 
due to the work of Missouri Botanical Garden botanists. One of the 
plants collected in Cameroon for the National Cancer Institute, a 
woody tropical vine that turned out to be an undescribed species of the 
genus Ancistrocladus, has shown promising activity against the AIDS 
virus in early laboratory tests. 


Natural Products as Potential Cures 


Plants are a major source of chemicals that can be useful to humans as 
drugs, pesticides, industrial materials and herbicides, but in many 
ways they are an untapped re- 
source. While each of the 250,000 
species of higher plants contains 
hundreds of chemical com- 
pounds, only a handful have been 
studied carefully. The Missouri 
Botanical Garden’s natural prod- 
ucts research program, under the 
direction of Dr. James S. Miller, is 
dedicated to searching for plants 
with interesting chemical com- 
pounds. While the Garden does 
not perform the chemical screen- 
ing and isolation process, it is 
uniquely qualified to collaborate 
with pharmaceutical research 
ae ion of programs 
groups, provide plant samples, and assist with the design 0! P 
and data analysis. 

The National Cancer Institute program, which searches 
drugs to combat cancer and AIDS, has one of the world’s mo 
tious natural products screening programs. In 1986, the 
entered into its first five-year NCI contract to collect 1,500 sam 


DANIEL HARDER 


Fruits of Ancistrocladus 


for new 
St ambi- 
Garden 
ples of 


African plants each year for NCI screening. In 
1991, the second five-year contract was signed. 
Working with local botanical institutions, Gar- 
den researchers collect plants in continental 
Africa and on the island of Madagascar. NCI 
also contracts with The New York Botanical 
Garden to collect in Latin America and the 
University of Illinois at Chicago to collect in 
Southeast Asia. 


The Finding of Ancistrocladus 

The first sample of Ancistrocladus was col- 
lected under the Garden’s first NCI contract 
in 1987 by Dr. Duncan Thomas, as part of a 
large random sample from the Korup region 
in Cameroon. Thomas, together with Garden 
botanists Roy Gereau and Dr. Daniel Harder, 
has collected further samples for NCI screen- 
ing. Michellemine-B, the active agent in the plant, has been approved 
for preclinical trials. 

A large quantity of plant material will be required by NCI to 
conduct these tests. The vine is not rare in the areas where it grows, 
but it is found nowhere else. Therefore the Garden and NCI have 
elected not to collect the large quantities they need from wild sources, 
but to grow the plant as a crop in Cameroon instead. They have 
entered into an agreement with the University Center for Health 
Sciences in Cameroon to cultivate the plant. Garden botanists and 
horticulturists will assist in this effort. 


Intellectual Property Rights 


An important aspect of the search for new drugs in developing coun- 
tries is the sovereign rights of the countries to their plant material and 
products derived from those plants. The Garden is very aware of these 
issues and, together with NCI, takes great care to ensure that the 
countries from which plants originate receive an equitable share of 
potential profits. Letters of agreement between the governments of 
these countries and NCI are signed before collecting efforts begin. 
Field work and identification of specimens is conducted by teams 


plants in Tanzania. 


Dr. ‘Sues S. Miller (left) examining plants in the field with Daniel Abbiw, a colleague 
from the ium of the University of Gi 


Garden researcher Roy Gereau collecting 


of botanists from the Garden and the col- 
laborating institution. Collaborating 
botanists also visit St. Louis to work di- 
rectly with Garden researchers. 

After the plant extracts are screened, 
NCI provides a summary of test results to 
the collection country. While the labora- 
tory work is done at NCI labs in Maryland, 
NCI frequently sponsors scientists from 
collection countries to come to NC 
work in their labs. 


Monsanto Company’s Natural 
Products Screening Program 


In addition to its collecting activities for 
NCI, the Garden works with Monsanto 
mpany’s Natural Products Screening 
Program. Monsanto contracts ia field biologists all over the world 
o find plants and microorganisms that may provide leads for new 
ees and agricultural products. The Garden's involvement with 
Monsanto began in 1988 when Garden botanists collected 500 soil 
samples a year from tropical regions, looking for novel soil microor- 
ganisms that might lead to new antibiotics. In the spring of 1990 the 
Garden added two more Monsanto programs, both for plant materials. 


ic 
<< 
x= 
_ 
z 
<< 
fa) 


Natural Products and Conservation 


Little is known about the plants of the world, particularly those in 
tropical forests, in terms of potential new medicines. Twenty-five 
percent of all medicines contain ingredients from plants, and many 
synthesized chemicals are modeled after chemicals found in plants. 
Tropical plants yield therapeutic drugs for hypertension, child- 


many others. If 


CLIFF WILLIS 


continued on next 
page 


DANIEL HARDER 


VISITING FROM SOUTH AFRICA—Shown in 
the Garden’s herbarium are Dr. Robert E. Magill, 
head of the department of neotropical floristics at 
the Garden (left) and Dr. Brian J. apes chief 
director of the National Botanical Institute of 
South Africa. Dr. Huntley was in St. ee June 
1-3, 1993, to meet with a number of the Garden’s 
staff to discuss programs at the two institutions. 


BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 i 


Debt-Swap in Madagascar Yields Funds 
for Research 


ON MARCH 29, 1993, the Missouri Botanical Garden 
signed an agreement with Madagascar’s Central Bank 
allowing the Garden to purchase up to $750,000 worth 
of Madagascar’s international debt. The Garden will use 
the funds yielded by the debt-swap to finance its ongoing 
botanical research and conservation work in collabora- 
tion with local institutions in Madagascar. 

ING Bank of Paris holds debt with the government of 
Madagascar, which the Missouri Botanical Garden pur- 
chased at a discounted rate of 50 cents on the dollar. The 
funds, up to $250,000 per year for three years, will be 
released to the Garden in local currency at the official 
exchange rate and are thus available to support the 
Garden’s work in the country. 

“Everybody wins in this situation,” said Dr. Porter P. 
Lowry II, head of the Garden’s Africa and Madagascar 
Department. “Madagascar’s Central Bank wins because 
part of its hard-currency debt is paid off. ING Bank wins 
because at least some of the money owed to them is paid 
off. And the Garden wins because the money we have 
available for work in Madagascar will go twice as far. 
And our Malagasy partners win because we will be able 
to do that much more good work together.” 


The debt-swap agreement was developed and negoti- 
ated by Lowry with assistance from Lucienne Wilme, the 
Garden’s permanent representative in Madagascar. 


Curatorial Workshop Held for African 
Visitors 


A WORKSHOP in the Garden’s research methods was 
held for five African scientists visiting St. Louis, April 8- 
16, 1993. The scientists collat ate with Gard earch 
programs in their countries, and the workshop was de- 
signed to assist them in st gthening their facilities 
by providing an overview of the methods and techniques 
used in the Garden’s herbarium. 

he visitors were Dr. Alfred Oteng-Yeboah, 
chairman of the Botany Department, Univer- 
sity of Ghana; Daniel Abbiw, curator of the 
herbarium, University of Ghana; Emile 
Doumbia, Ivory Coast: Solo Rapanarivo, her- 
barium assistant at the Parc de Tsimbazaza, 
Madagascar; and Dr. William Mziray, direc- 
tor of the National Herbarium, Tanzania. 
The visitors were in St. Louis to attend the 
DNA Bank-Net meeting held at the Garden 
April 5-7, 1993 (see the Bulletin, May/June 
1993). 


Ac 


CLIFF WILLIS 


. The 
workshop and meetings also helped partici- 


and broaden their professional connections. 
Shown in the Garden’s 


6. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


ra 
Armand Randrianasolo 


NATURAL PRODUCTS continued ee 
the plant species of tropical forests are lost, and they are rapidly 
disappearing, the world will lose many potential drugs that have not 
yet been discovered. Through its natural products program, the 
Garden is promoting pharmaceutical and agricultural research and 
stressing the importance of this work for tropical forest conservation. 


Liz Claiborne / Art Ortenberg Foundation 
Supports Garden Research 


WORKING to find long-term solutions to the challenges of conserva- 
tion is a priority of the Liz Claiborne / Art Ortenberg Foundation, and 
its support of Garden research programs reflects that commitment. 
Founded by designer Liz Claiborne and her husband Art Ortenberg, 
the Foundation currently provides funding 
for Garden research in Madagascar and Ecua- 
dor and supports the graduate education in 
botany of Armand Randrianasolo from Mada- 
gascar. 

Armand, a student at the University of 
Missouri-St. Louis, is working to complete his 
master's degree at the Garden. He has already 
been accepted for the Ph.D. program. The 
Claiborne / Ortenberg Foundation awarded a 
two-year grant to support his studies. 

“Education is the key to the Gardens ap- 
proach in Africa,” said Dr. Porter P. Lowry II, 
head of the Africa and Madagascar Depart- 
ment. “Training local people to plan and 
carry out botanical research is the only way to 
accomplish everything that needs to be done. 
It also gives the residents of each country a 
stake in working to preserve their natural resources.” 

Lowry continued, “In addition, we don’t just train people; we work 
with their institutions to help them raise funds, improve their facili- 
ties, and strengthen their programs so that the people we train will 
have jobs that utilize their skills. All of this pays off a thousandfold, 
because we establish networks of individuals who all know one an- 
other and work together.” continued on next page 


i ae 


(from left): Daniel Abbiw; Solo Rapanarivo; Emile Doumbia; 


: 
James S. Miller, MBG; William Mziray; and Alfred Oteng- Yeboah. 


CLAIBORNE continued 
The Claiborne / Ortenberg Foundation has 
supported this approach by making a three- 


year grant to the Madagascar program for | 
education. The program will train groups of | 


Malagasy botanists in the skills needed for 


— 


professional field research and plant conser- 


vation. 
Training is aimed at three levels: a large 
number of parataxonomists, who perform ba- 


sic field collecting; a smaller number of field | 
botanists, who perform all aspects of field | 
work, herbarium analysis, and data manage- | 


ment, and a small group of research botanists, 
who will receive graduate training in the 
United States. “We plan to use this ‘pyramid’ 


training plan as a model in all of our programs | 


in Africa,” Lowry said. 

In addition to the education program in 
Madagascar, the Claiborne / Ortenberg Foun- 
dation also made a three-year grant to support 
a botanical inventory and production of an 
annotated checklist of the plants of 
Ranomafana National Park in Madagascar. A 
team of botanists from the Garden, the Parc 
de Tsimbazaza, and students from the Uni- 
versity of Antanarivo is collaborating with 
local residents and researchers from the Duke 
University Primate Center to survey the re- 
sources of the park. 

The project is a good example of the kinds 
of linkages the Garden has established with 
other research and conservation groups in 
rae and in every country where it is 

working. “We seek to extend our reach and 


effectiveness by collaborating in every way | 
possible,” said Lowry. “Often it is simply a | 


matter of sharing information among people 
working in the field, but building linkages 
among organizations with common goals in- 
creases the results for everyone.” 

The Claiborne / Ortenberg Foundation also 
supports work at the Jatun Sacha Biological 
Station in Ecuador, directed by Garden re- 
searcher Dr. David Neill. A one-year grant in 
1991 funded environmental education pro- 
grams at Jatun Sacha for school children, 
research scholarships for Ecuadorian biolo- 
gists in training at the station, and the 
development of a botanical garden at Jatun 
Sacha. A second one-year grant in 1992 con- 
tinued support for the environmental 
education program plus a plant conservation 
center and agroforestry extension project at 
Jatun Sacha. 

We are extremely grateful to the 
Claiborne / Ortenberg Foundation for their 
support of these research programs,” said Dr. 
Peter H. Raven, director. “We are very pleased 
that they share our commitment to far-reach- 
ing, long-term goals and solutions.” 


CLIFF WILLIS 


' 


Wyk, 
BY 


5 


Whitmire Wildflower Garden 
Is Dedicated 


N a beautiful afternoon, June 12, 1993, the new Whitmire 

Wildflower Garden was dedicated at Shaw Arboretum, with 

a celebration that included the Whitmire family, friends, 

and Garden staff. The new garden occupies the hillside 
below the historic brick Manor House and is a glorious display of 
colorful native foliage and flowers blooming luxuriantly along paths 
winding beneath tall, shady trees. (See the Bulletin, May/June 1993.) 

“This is a wonderful gift from the Whitmires,” said John Behrer, 

manager of the Shaw Arboretum. “We all worked hard to get it 
ready, and I truly enjoyed working with Blanton, Peg, and their 
family to bring this dream to reality. We hope that every Garden 
member comes out this summer to enjoy the display.” 


A view of the Manor House from the new 
Whitmire Wildflower Garden. 


BULLETIN JULY/ AUGUST 1993 ti 


An historical view of the 
Bryan Mullanphy School 
on Shaw Avenue with its 
formal garden. 


Opening in 
September 


New Botanical Garden Magnet School 


8. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


FTER years of planning and hundreds of meetings, the 
Mullanphy-Botanical Garden Investigative Learning Cen- 
ter will open in September, 19 e Investigative 
Learning center (ILC) is one of two magnet schools devel- 
oped by the St. Louis Public School District in collaboration 
with the Missouri Botanical Garden, the Saint Louis Zoo, 
the University of Missouri-St. Louis, and the St. Louis 
Science Center. 

This September, approximately 390 children from 
across the metropolitan area, grades K through 5, will 
attend classes in the Mullanphy-Botanical Garden ILC, 
located in the Bryan Mullanphy School building on Shaw 
Avenue, a short distance from the Garden’s entrance. The 
Garden has worked with the St. Louis Public Magnet 
Schools Program since the mid-1970s to offer a strong 
adacemic program that emphasizes inquiry, investigation 
and analysis through courses in natural sciences. 
schools also employ mathematics and computer science 
in a complete curriculum designed to develop students’ 
skills at problem solving and productive thinking skills. 

“The Garden and the St. Louis Public Schools have a 
long history of educational cooperation,” said Dr. Larry 
DeBuhr, director of education at the Gar- 
den. “We are very pleased and proud that 


Alicia 
the opening of the Mullanphy-Botanical lvory 
Garden ILC will allow us to expand this House 


collaboration in educating the children of with a 
t. Louis. Scientific training at an early ma 

age can instill lifelong interest and enthu- _ school 

siasm for science, which will benefit our class in 

society far into the future.” the 

During the coming year, a large addi- _ Climatron. 

tion to the school building will be 

completed, which will include three sci- 

ence laboratories, a math lab, a computer 

lab, and a foreign language lab. A green- 

house will be constructed adjacent to the 

science labs. Outdoor gardening space 


will be available for teachers and students to use for 
growing plants. When the addition to the building is 
completed in 1994, student enrollment will increase to 


The Garden hasa long history with the Bryan Mullanphy 
School. In 1910 the St. Louis Board of Education pur- 
chased the land where the school stands from the Garden’s 
Board of Trustees. A unique feature of the building when 
it opened in 1915 was the formal garden at the front 
entrance. With the help of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 
this formal display will be reconstructed, providing a 
beautiful entrance to the school and opportunities for the 
students to learn about plants and horticulture. 

Present plans call for the Garden’s magnet instructor, 
Alicia Ivory House, to work closely with the teachers at 
the botanical garden school to help them integrate the 
botanical science theme into the curriculum. Ms. Ivory 
House will serve as the Garden’s liaison with the school, 
coordinate teacher training activities with other Educa- 
tion Division staff, an elp the teachers at the 
Mullanphy-Botanical Garden ILC provide exciting and 
innovative science classes for the students. 


DEM GON SR AT 370 8 


GARDE 


Fragrance Garden 


ROSES at their fragrant best are featured in this garden. Old-fashioned varieties greet the visitor at 
the garden's entrance and rose bushes, climbers and topiaries are seen and scented throughout the 
Fragrance Garden. Should the visitor seek beyond the essence of the rose, lilacs in spring and the 


perfume of fragrant annuals in summer will delight the nose and please the eye. 
Visitors are enticed to pause under the vine-draped cedar arbor, or to take a seat on one of 
severe! old-fashioned wooden wii to indulge their senses and be soothed and cooled by the 


The Fragrance Garden is one of 23 residentially scaled demonstration gardens planned for the William 
T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening in the near future. In this and coming issues, we will describe the 


Garde 


ful legacy,” 


Fragrance Garden's gurgling fountain orna- 
mented with bronze flying geese. 

A love of roses, plus childhood memories of 
walks to Shaw’s Garden from their family home 
in Soulard, inspired the gift of the Fragrance 
n by donors who wish to be anonymous. 
“As with many gifts to the Garden, the Fra- 
grance Garden was made possible by family 
members joining together to create a meaning- 
said Ernestina Short, gift planning 
coordinator for the Garden. 


Renderings by Marty Coulter 


gardens, both those already sponsored and those still available for donation. Members interested in 
learning more about sponsorship may call the Development Office at (314) 577-5120. 


Future Gardens 


VEGETABLE GARDEN 


What fruits and vegetables for 
the family table grow best in the 
St. Louis area? What flower va- 


and homegrown, the aesthetic 
needs of the family are met by 
thi rden’s beautiful pool of 
waterlilies, irises, and other 
aquatic plants 


jain food c 
the world, cenit right here in 


the Midwest. A lath-roofed, brick- 
columned shelter located in the 
garden’s center provides shaded 
seating and an area for outdoor 
instruction where visitors can 
learn about crops of the world 
from interpretive panels. 


osso ve 
compete Foe flowering bulbs 


scattered among the 
gro vers below. This grand 
allee eam na spectacu- 
lar circular fountain where six 
bronze geese frolic in the 
fountain’s spra 


DEMONSTRATION 
GARDENS planned 
for the Ke 


Center for Home 
Gardening: 
Agronomic Garden 
Apple Allee 
Backyard Garden 
Bird Garden 
Butterfly Meadow 
Children's Garden 
City Garden 

Entry Court 
Experimental Garden 
Flower Borders 
Fragrance Garden 
Fruit Garden 

Garden for All 
Groundcover Borders 
Lath House 
Limestone Glade 
Native Shade Garden 
Prairie Garden 

Rock Garden 

Secret Garden 

Shade Garden 
Terrace Garden 


Vegetable Garden 


BULLETIN JULY/ AUGUST 1993 9, 


ening 


Home Gard. 


WITHOUT DOUBT one of the 
trickest spots in the landscape is 
that “black hole” beneath the 
tree boughs. What is it about 
this spot that troubles the most 
determined, ardent backyard 
gardener? Why can’t you simply 
grow grass there and forget 
about it? Face it, no matter 
what shade mix you try, grass 
seedlings will not tolerate low 
light for very long. Instead of 
struggling to grow a lawn under 
your trees, try planting perennial 
groundcovers instead. 


Types of Shade 


There are several things to 
consider before planting a 
garden under the trees. The first 
is the density of the shade, either 
deep, medium or light shade. 

Deep shade means constant 
shade, as in the middle of a 
woodland area, where it is still 
dim at mid-day. In your 
backyard, this category includes 
the north side of walls and areas 
beneath evergreens and dense 
deciduous trees. 

Medium shade, commonly 
referred to as dappled shade, 
exists where some fairly bright 
indirect light is available but no 
direct light occurs at any time, as 


10. BULLETIN jJULY/ AUGUST 19 


underneath the high branches of 
a large tree. If you have a zoysia 
lawn, this is where cool season 
grasses come in, giving the area 
a speckled look in April before 
the zoysia has greened up. 
Medium shade provides just 
enough light to support the 
more colorful flowering plants. 
Lightly shaded areas get 
peeks of direct sun for three or 
four hours each day, not enough 
to grow tomatoes, but good 
enough for some leafy herbs and 
shade-tolerant full-sun plants. 
The seasonal light exposure 
under deciduous trees might be 
considered lightly shaded and is 
a good place for spring bulbs, 
whose light requirements are 
met before the tree leafs out. 


Let the Sun Shine In 


If the light is still inadequate for 
the plants you want to grow, 
consider pruning to let more 
light in. This applies primarily 
to healthy deciduous trees. You 
must consider the branching 
habit of the tree and whether 
you can thin out branches 
without destroying the tree’s 
symmetry and growth. You 
should be able to remove up to 
one-third of the tree’s foliage 
without causing problems. This 
modification should be done in 
the dormant season, spring or 
fall after the leaves come off, and 
is recommended only if the tree 
has been watered during stress 
periods and fertilized every three 
to five years. Evergreens are too 
dense to adapt with this 
technique. 


Modifying the Planting 
Site 


The second thing you should 
consider when planting under 
trees is the condition of the soil, 
especially as it relates to the 
tree’s root system. If you have 
any doubt, start with a soil test 
before doing anything. If pH 
adjustments are necessary, add 
lime or sulfur in recommended 
amounts; don’t guess. Most 
shade plants love acid soils, 
since soils in shaded areas 


93 


| 


typically are wetter and wet soils 
classically are more acidic. 

In most cases, you should not 
till the soil completely before 
planting as doing so may 
damage the tree’s roots. To 
improve the soil, just lay four to 
six inches of compost, leaf mold 
or sphagnum peat over the 
surface as mulch, working it in 
lightly as you plant and letting it 
work itself in over time. 

Deep-rooted trees like most 
oaks, hickory, walnut, beech, 
sassafras, sweetgum and black 
gum have deeper root systems, 
making planting shaded areas 
under these trees fairly easy. 
Trees with fiberous surface 
roots, like maple, elm and 
sycamore, make it harder to 
plant without prying up a lot of 
roots. For this situation choose 
groundcover plants that do not 
require deep planting, grow in 
shallow soil, and root rapidly at 
leafy nodes along the stem. The 
most common leafy ground- 
covers include English ivy, 
Hedra helix; pachysandra, 
Pachysandra terminalis; and 
periwinkle, Vinca minor. 


Traffic 

The last item to consider before 
you plant a groundcover 
beneath a tree is how often the 
bed will be raked or walked on 
by people and pets. Ivy and 
euonomyous are real plants of 
steel and can take some abuse. 
Pachysandra is more tender and 
can be crushed, as can peri- 
winkle. Most other ground- 
covers are too delicate to plant 
in high traffic areas. 


Perennial Groundcovers 
for Shade 


This is the fun part! Selecting 
plants is a matter of determining 
which plants can tolerate the 
amount of shade you have and 
still do what you want. Remem- 
ber, in the shade plants grow 
slower, taller and are generally 


| more leafy. 


Deep to Medium Shade 
There are only a couple of 
groundcovers that will tolerate 


TREES, SHADE & GROUNDCOVERS: THE TWILIGHT ZONE 


very low light. English ivies, 
Hedra helix ‘Thorndale’, ‘Baltica’, 
and ‘Bulgaria’, are hardy and 
popular, very durable through 
the winter. Planted about one 
foot apart, you can expect ivy to 
fill in within about three years 
under light to medium shade. 

Wintercreeper, Euonymous 
fortunei, is another classical 
favorite. Cultivars ‘Colorata’ and 
‘Longwood’ will do well here 
and are very versatile, growing 
in almost any type of soil. It 
may take several years, but once 
established it will smother out 
any weed. The only persistent, 
common problem is euonymous 
scale, which can be managed 
with dormant oil sprays in 
spring when the crawlers are just 
emerging. 

Many homeowners plant 
Japanese spurge, Pachysandra — 
terminalis, in shaded areas. 
Producing insignificant small, 
white flowers, it does well in 
medium to dense shade and 
grows about 10 inches high. 
This is a standard for planting 
under trees, known for its ability 
to root every six inches or so 
along its stem. If you want a 
better flower show, lesser 
periwinkle, Vinca minor, is 
another tough perennial for 
shaded areas. Cultivar ‘Alba’ 
produces white flowers, 
‘Atropurpurea’ has purple 
flowers, and ‘Aureomarginata’ 
has blue flowers. Periwinkle 
blooms best in light shade, but 
otherwise does well in medium 
shade, reaching four to six 
inches in height. It should be 
kept fairly dry. A fungal canker 
disease has wiped out beds of 
this in our area and seems to be 
omnipresent. Frequent spring 
rains coupled with warm 
temperatures brings this disease 
out. No cultivars are known to 
be immune. 

Hostas, sometimes called 
plantain lily, are very popular 
shade plants. There are many t© 
choose from and often they are 
mislabelled. Some of the most 
familiar are the common green, 
tall-cluster hosta, H. fortunei, H. 


undulata ‘“Varigata’ which has a 
white stripe running down the 
center; and H. sieboldiana, the 
blue-leaf plantain lily. Hostas 
can be planted close together to 
form a very attractive ground- 
cover in medium to deep shade. 
They may not flower in dense 
shade, but that might be very 
desirable, as cutting flower stalks 
from a large area can be a chore. 
Plus, bees are very keen on the 
flower nectar. The varigated 
forms do much better if planted 
in lighter shade. 

Never mix hostas with ivy or 
pachysandra; the hostas won't 
emerge through other 
groundcovers if they are thick. 
A better bet would be to mix 
hosta with daffodils or lily-turf, 
Liriope muscari, in light shade 
and with ferns in medium to 
deep shade. 

Light to Medium Shade 

As you work with lighter 
areas, the options for flower and 
foliage color get better. Effec- 
tive, interesting, medium-sized 
groundcovers in light to 
medium shade are barrenwort, 
Epimedium sp. and hybrids; lily- 
turf, Liriope muscari; dwarf 
bamboo, Sasa pygmaea; and 
varigated goutweed, Aegopodium 
podagraria ‘variegatum’. 

Barrenwort produces clumps 
of heart-shaped leaves that 
typically die back in winter. 
This is a very hardy plant and 
one of notable interest in the 
English Woodland Garden, 
where it emerges in the spring to 
show its orchid-like flowers. 
This plant requires very little 
care and is known to survive 
where nothing else will. 

The more grass-like lily-turf 
is a versatile plant commonly 
used to cover shaded areas 
under deciduous trees. It can be 
combined effectively with spring 
bulbs, which emerge through 
the dormant leaves. Lily-turf 
produces a small flowering spike 
in lightly shaded areas. Use the 
varigated form to add brightness 
to dim areas, either as a ground- 
cover or an edging plant. 

More striking in contrast for 
foliage color is varigated 


goutweed. Some people curse 
this plant because it is so 
aggressive, but in shade this trait 
may be welcome. Avoid 
overhead watering, as a fungal 
leaf spot disease can wipe it out 
in mid-sumemr. 

For something different, try 
dwarf bamboo. It is adaptable to 
light shade and grows about a 
foot tall. This plant is hard to 
keep in bounds, but it does 
respond to mowing in the late 
winter or early spring for top 
growth control. As it spreads 
laterally, you can dig it out 
successfully, since it does not 
root as deep as other bamboos. 
However, I would not recom- 
mend dwarf bamboo for a 
barefoot traffic area...ouch! 

If you want a little more of a 
flower show in light to medium 
shade, try spotted dead nettle 
Lamium maculatum; bugleweed, 
Ajuga reptans; creeping phlox, 
Phlox stolonifera; lily-of-the- 
valley, Convallaria majalis; or 
foamflower, Tiarella cordifolia. 

Spotted dead nettle is an 
aggressive plant that grows very 
low and makes a nice ground- 
cover in clumps. It has silvery 
foliage, making it a wonderful 
plant for contrast on the 
bordering edge of a shaded area. 
The purple mint-like flowers are 
and attractive. 

Bugleweed is another purple 
flowered groundcover that is 


) 

m shaded areas. It should 
be used to cover small to 
medium sized spaces and can 
find a good home on dry slopes. 
It should not be used in wet 
areas, being prone to root and 
crown rot diseases. The broad 
leafed cultivars are particularly 
nice for mixing with bulbs. 

Creeping phlox, unlike its 
tall cousin, does very well in 
light shade. This plant grows 
only about three inches tall and 
advances by runners sent out in 
every direction. The common 
varieties have purple to lavendar 
flowers, but orange, blue and 
yellow flowered cultivars can be 
found. 

Lily-of-the-valley grows well 


‘+e tLeEP RON 8 H EL P 


The Garden has several telephone services available 
to assist you. 


GardenLine 

24-hour recorded inf ; 
hours, admission and directions.Outside area code 
314, call 1-800-642-8842 toll free, 24 hours a day. 


577-9400 


Horticuitural saietarhanptae (314) 577-5143 

onda 00 a.m.tonoon. Master 
Gardeners are on hand to answer your gardening 
questions. The Answer Service does not have Satur- 
day hours November through February. 


HortLine 

24-hour led § 5 

with a touch tone telephone. You will need a bro- 
iL. | er } 1 B | ] fu : ie + ‘ : e | 


(314) 776-5522 


to use the service; you may request a brochure by 
calling the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at 
(314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily. Plants in 
Bloom at the Garden is updated weekly. Press 3 


when you call HortLine. 


Master Composter Hotline (314) 577-9555 


9 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. Specially 
ined M Gard handt your 


After hours leave a message and your call will be 
returned. The Master Composter program is sup- 
ported by the Monsanto Fund. 


in light to medium shade in all 
but poorly drained soils. Its 
popularity as a groundcover is 
enhanced by the fragrant blooms 
produced in mid-spring. Some 
gardeners classify this plant as 
invasive but it is a problem only 
if you have areas where it could 
compete with other, less 
aggressive plants. Foamflower 
is an underutilized perennial 
groundcover with excellent 
characteristics for lightly shaded 
areas. It spreads by runners, 
with heart-shaped leaves, some 
winter color, and white flower 
clusters in early spring. It isa 
good competitor for soil 
moisture, and is hardy to -40 
degrees F. Foamflower will 
cover an area very quickly and 
can be planted on two-foot 
centers. 


Combining Shade Plants 


While the perennial ground- 
covers may solve your 


| immediate need to get some- 


thing going in the shade areas of 
trees and shrubs, many plants 
can be selected for diversifying 
this special spot in the land- 
scape. For seasonal effect, 
combining spring bulbs like 
daffodils with certain ground- 
covers works very well. At the 
Garden, the display of Spanish 
bluebells blooming up through 
the English ivy in the Mauso- 
leum area is always a glorious 
sight. The bluebells die back 
below the ivy cover in summer. 
Of course, don’t forget ferns 
and some of the colorful annuals 
like impatiens, coleus, begonias 
and caladiums. This “black 
hole” beneath the boughs does 
not have to be a desert. eS 


—Steven D. Cline, Ph.D. 
Manager, Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 11. 


= 
- 
"oS 
& 


Kids in Bloom -- 
July Is Children’s Month 
at the Garden 


Enjoy a variety of events planned especially 
for children and their families throughout 
the month of July. For information on any 
Kids in Bloom activity, call 577-5125. 


july 1—25 thursday—sunday 


Edgar Denison Paintings 

9 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center. An 
exhibit of 34 exquisite wildflower paintings 
by Edgar Denison, author of the field guide 
Missouri Wildflowers. See story on page 19. 
Free with Garden admission. 


july 7 wednesday 
Children’s Film Festival: 


“The Land Before Time” 

11 a.m., 1:30 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. Featuring a different film every 
Wedesday in July. Please note that an 
evening showing has been added this year to 
accomodate busy parents. Tickets for all 
films go on sale June 14 at the Ridgway 
Center ticket counter. $1 members and 
children; $2 non-members. Seating is 
limited. 


july 9 friday 

Folklore & Legends 

10 a.m. to 4 p.m., grounds. Featurin 
popular storyteller Bobby Norfolk: “The 
Rhythms and Folklore of Africa” with Kenya 
Ajanaku and Jamila Afi from Young Artists 
of St. Louis; folksinger Kathy Shottel 
performing stories in music; David Williams 
performing his original songs about animals; 
and artist Steve Edwards, who illustrates his 
stories as he tells them. Free with Garden 
admission. 


july 14 wednesday 
Children’s Film Festival: 
“In Search of the Castaways” 


11 a.m., 1:30 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. See July 7 for details. 


12. BULLETIN JULY/AUGUsT 1993 


july 17 saturday 
Puppets Galore 


10 a.m. to 5 p.m., grounds. 
Back by popular demand! 
Festival begins at 10 a.m. with a 
Grand Puppet Parade, followed 
by performances throughout the 
day by Morningstar Puppet 
Theatre of Kansas City, Bob 
Kramer’s Marionnettes from St. 
Louis, Hystopolis of Chicago, 
and the Dallas Puppet Theatre. 
Free with Garden admission. 


july 17—25 
saturday—sunday 


Cactus Connection 

Noon to 8 p.m. on July 17; 9 
a.m. to 8 p.m. daily, July 18-24; 
9a.m. to 5 p.m. on July 25. 
Ridgway Center. The Henry 
Shaw Cactus Society presents its 
48th annual show and plant sale, 
featuring a wonderful array of 
exotic cactuses and succulents. 
Free with Garden admission. 


july 19 monday 
Plant Clinic 


10 a.m. to noon, Kemper Center 
for Home Gardening. Expert 
advice on what ails your plants. 
Small samples are welcome, but 
please seal insects in a plastic 
bag! Sponsored by the Garden 
with the Missouri Department of 
Conservation, University 
Extension, St. Louis County Soil 
& Water Conservation District 
and St. Louis County Parks. 
Free with Garden admission. 


july 21 wednesday 
Children’s Film Festival: 
“E.T,, The Extra 
Terrestrial” 

11 a.m., 1:30 and 7 p.m., 


Shoenberg Auditorium. See July 
7 for details. 


july 22 thursday 

Henry Shaw’s Birthday 
Party 

10 a.m. to 4 p.m., Tower Grove 
House area and grounds. Come 
and celebrate the 193rd birthday 
of Henry Shaw, the Garden's 
founder. Strolling musicians, 
magicians, jugglers, the Express 
Tram, and Henry Shaw himself 
will be on hand. Birthday cake 
will be served from noon to 2 
p.m. in Monsanto Hall. Free 
with Garden admission. 


july 25 sunday 
Iris Society Rhizome 
Sale 


11 a.m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway 
Center. The Greater St. Louis 
Iris Society holds its annual sale 
of surplus iris rhizomes from the 
Garden’s displays, with all 
proceeds benefitting the Garden. 
Free with Garden admission. 


july 28 wednesday 


Grandparents’ Day 

9 a.m. to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center 
and grounds. A special day to 
share for grandparents and 
children. The Garden is free to 
all grandparents accompanied by 
their grandchildren, with free 
tram rides offered for all 
grandchildren accompanied by 
an adult. Enjoy a special lunch 
in the Gardenview Restaurant 
and catch the movie at the 
Children’s Film Festival. 


Children’s Film Festival: 


“Beauty and the Beast’ 


11 a.m., 1:30 and 7 p.m., 
Shoenberg Auditorium. See July 
7 for details. 


august 1-31 


all month long 


| 
itrece ane een | 
Members’ Days | 


Saturday & sunday 
july 21 wednesday “Herbarium Tour” | 


“Celebrate the Tropics” —_ Celebrate the Tropics: 
Special weekend activities and “Crafts Day ” 9 a.m. to noon, John S. Lehmann Building. Get a look behind the | 
events during the week highlight scenes of the Garden's world famous herbarium, with a special | 


11 a.m. to 5 p.m., Ridgway 
Center and grounds. Admire 
and purchase crafts made by our 
neighbors in the tropics. 


tour just for members. See how the collection of over four 
million plant specimens from all over the world are dried, 

mounted, and stored for future reference and study. Please call 
(314) 577-9500 to schedule your tour. Free, for members only. 


the regions of the world where 
the Garden’s research programis 
active. 9a.m. to 8 p.m. daily in 
the Ridgway Center, an exhibit 


of photographs by Garden 
botanists features scenes of their 
work all over the world. Free 
with Garden admission. 


august 2 monday 
Plant Clinic 


10 a.m. to noon, Kemper Center 
for Home Gardening. See July 
19 for details. 


august 5 thursday 
Botanists on the Loose: 
“Amazonia” with 

Dr. Alwyn Gentry 

7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. 
Garden botanists present 
travelogues of their field trips 
and expeditions in tropical 
regions all over the world, with 
tales of adventure and misadven- 
ture that will bring their work to 
ividly to life. Free to members. 


august 7&8 

saturday & sunday 
Celebrate the Tropics: 
“Peru and Bolivia” 
11am. to 5 p.m., Ridgway 
Center and grounds. Musicians, 
dancers, and food will provide 
visitors a glimpse of South 
America. Free with Garden 
admission. 


august 11 wednesday 
Botanists on the Loose: 
“Bolivia” with Dr. James 


Solomon 
7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. 
See August 5 for details. 


Regular Garden admission. 


august 16 monday 

Plant Clinic 

10 a.m. to noon, Kemper Center 
for Home Gardening. See July 
19 for details. 


august 19 thursday 
Botanists on the Loose: 
“Paraguay” with David 
Brunner 


7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. 
See August 5 for details. 


august 21 « 22 
Saturday & sunday 
Celebrate the Tropics: 
“The Caribbean” 


11 a.m. and 2 p.m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. If you're thinking 
of visiting the Caribbean, be sure 
not to miss travelogues that give 
you a preview of what to expect, 
attractions to see, and other tips 
to make your trip a memorable 
one. Free with Garden admis- 
sion. 


august 25 wednesday 
Botanists on the Loose: 
“The Caribbean” with 
Dr. Charlotte Taylor 


7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. 
See August 5 for details. 


august 2 monday 


Special Members’ Event: “Moonlight Stroll” 
9 to 11 p.m., grounds. Back by popular demand! Bring a 


flashlight to guide your way and enjoy the Garden by the light of 


a full summer moon. Cash bar. Free, for members only. 


august 5 thursday “Herb Day” 

10 a.m. to 3 p.m., Tower Grove House Herb Garden. Members 
of the St. Louis Herb Society give informative guided tours 
through the Herb Garden. A variety of books and herbal 
products made locally by Herb Society members will be available 
for purchase. Lunch will be served in Tower Grove House Tea 
Room for $9.50 per person; call 577-5150 for reservations by 


July 30. For members only. 


august 28 & 29 
Saturday & sunday 
Celebrate the Tropics: 


“Turn Up the Heat” 
Noon and 2 p.m., Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. If 
you have a taste for the spicy 
foods of the tropics, be sure to 
attend these cooking demonstra- 
tions. Tropical foods, recipes, 
and samplings will be the menu 


wednesdays & saturdays 


Garden Walkers’ Breakfast 


for the day. Seating is limited: 
tickets are required and may be 


obtained at the Kemper Center | 


the day of the demonstration. 
Free with Garden admission. 


august 30 monday 
Plant Clinic 

10 a.m. to noon, Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. 
See July 19 for details. 


7 a.m., grounds. In cooperation with the American Heart Associa- 
tion, the outdoor grounds open early every Wednesday and 
Saturday morning to encourage fitness walking. A heart-healthy 
breakfast is available for purchase in the Gardenview Restaurant 7 
to 10:30 a.m. Admission is free Wednesdays and Saturdays until 


noon. 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 13. 


14. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


FORMAL GARDEN 


>»! 


PERENNIAL GARDEN 


Temce GARDEN 
1993 Garden Tour 


e e e e 
Singing in the Rain 

NOT EVEN A TORRENTIAL DOWNPOU 
members who cheerfully braved the eleme 
loveliest private gardens in St. Louis, This 
event was first held in 1986, 

The Grand Finale Party 
Greenberg. 

The tour and party 


R could dampen the spirits of the 1,500 
nts to enjoy the Garden’s tour of nine of the 
was the fourth St. Louis Garden Tour: the 


was held that evening at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Ronald K. 


were made possible by the hard work of Ann Bowen and Bill 

he committee, and committee members Ted Atwood and Sue 

80 to all who participated, with very special thanks to Ahner Florist 
and Greenhouses, Hartke Nursery, Maxwell Homestead Greenhouse, Top Care Nursery, 
Baxter Gardens, Gilberg Perennial Farms, and Gerber Landscape. 

At right: Garden Tour Committee chairs Ann 


en (left) with Bill Gilbert and 
Mary Longrais, president of the Members’ Board 


1993 MEMBERS’ TRAVEL PROGRAM 


Exploring the Sea of Cortez 
and Baja, California 
NOVEMBER 12 to 26, 1993 


HAVE you ever walked through a desert in bloom? 
Or visited the island breeding ground of a thousand 
elephant seals? Or been surrounded by a towering 
forest of 200 year old cardon cactuses? 

These are some of the adventures waiting for you 
on the Garden's voyage to the thin, rugged peninsula 
stretching 700 miles south of California along the 
Pacific coast of Mexico. Lying between the peninsula 
and the mainland is the fabled Sea of Cortez, with its 
53 mostly uninhabited islands that are havens for 
species of plants and animals found nowhere else in 
the world. 

The tour will explore these waters in the luxurious 
Yorktown Clipper, a 138-passenger cruise ship with a 
shallow draft and great maneuverability that allows 
exploration into areas that larger ships could never 
attempt. The expedition will be led by a staff of 
naturalists who will enhance your und ding and 
appreciation of the wonders you will see. Frequent 
trips ashore are made possible by a small fleet of 
Zodiacs, motorized rubber landing craft that can be 
launched to explore remote beaches and secluded 
islands. 

For more information on our special voyage to 
this unspoiled part of the world, please call Brenda 
Banjak at (314) 577-9517. 


“Give Change To Make 
a Change” 


NOW visitors to the Brookings 
Interpretive Center can take 
immediate action to help pre- 
serve the world’s rain forests, 
just by putting coins into a 
colorful new Conservation 
Parking Meter. The meter was 
installed recently as part of the 
innovative Ecosystem Survival 
Plan sponsored by the Ameri- 
can Association of Zoo Keepers 
(AAZK) in conjunction with the Nature Conservancy to support 
habitat conservation programs worldwide. They estimate that each 25 
cents deposited saves 90 square feet of rain forest. Funds from the 


Above: Rachael Davis deposits a coin to make a colorful jaguar pop up 
as a tropical hummingbird flies across the display. 


New Smoking Policy The Garden has implemented a | 


new policy prohibiting smoking in all Garden buildings, 
including the Gardenview Restaurant. Visitors are asked to 
refrain from smoking outdoors on Garden grounds as well. | 


oes Second Annual 


COMING IN OCTOBER 


“Best of Missouri” Market 
Sunday, October 3, 1993 


It’s back, bigger and better than ever! 
Join us for an all day celebration of the 
best of Missouri food, specialty products, 

plants, music, displays, children’s 
activities, and more! 
Watch for further details. 


Plus—The Historic Shaw Art Fair, 
October 2 & 3 
50 artists exhibit along Flora Place, 
10 a.m. to 4 p.m. both days 


parking meter at the Garden will help to support the Amboro National 
Park in Bolivia, where the Garden is participating in an inventory of 
plant diversity. 


Invasion from Mars? 


No, it’s just the Garden’s larg- 
est visitor being lowered into 


is on loan to the Garden by its 
owner and creator, sculptor Bob 
Cassilly. 
The praying mantis is named for the way it clutches its prey. They are 
beneficial insects that help to control the populations of other insects, 
and + Ti 


enecifs J. L 


Horticulturist John MacDougal said, “Although we don’t use them in 
our greenhouses as part of our intergrated pest management system, the 


praying mantis is an appropriate symbol of the Garden’s leadership in 
usino and I at ; tally q ” 


> > preceice), 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 15. 


Volunteers Are Recognized for Service 


ODAY the Garden enjoys the assis- 

tance of more than 900 people who 

volunteer their time and energy to 

provide vital services in every de- 
partment. At a luncheon held on April 20, 
1993, the Garden and its director, Dr. Peter H. 
Raven, honored the individuals who were cel- 
ebrating milestones of service, having worked 
at the Garden as volunteers for ten, twenty, or 
more years. 

Dr. Raven said, “Each of you is crucial to 
our work here. You enable us through all the 
work that you do, but you also enable us by 
the message that you take out into the St. 
Louis area about the importance of our work. 
The amazing thing is that through our growth 
we all continue to affect and support one 
another and this is tremendously gratifying 
for me to see. We are, each of us.a little cog in 
the wheel that makes the Garden run.” 

Mary Gamble was honored for her forty 
years of association with the Garden. Mrs. 
Gamble has worked enthusiastically with the 


Raven called for the same honor for Mary 
ble. 
Lydia Elschlager was recognized for thirty 


16. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


Honored for twenty years of service were: 
Sally Davidson, Garden Guides; Erna Doelling, 
Library; Louis Kittlaus, Horticultural Answer 
Service; Mim Kittner, Membership Services 
Desk and past president of the Members’ Board, 
who completed 20 years in April 1992; Betty 
Nellums, Arboretum guide: Kaye Quentin, 
Horticulture: Doris Schulte, Garden Guides; 
and Midge Tooker, Garden Guides. 

Honored for ten years of service were: F rank 


{ 


i i | 
is honored for 30 years. 


Lydia Elschlager 


Standing, from left: Eileen 
Hahn, Jaclyn Meyer, Eve 


Davidson, Mim Kittner, Lydia 
Elschlager, Mary Gamble, 
Louis Kittlaus, Erma Doelling, 
Ruth Briegel. 


Amoldy, Cecelia Beyer, Dorothy Blumenthal, 
Ruth Briegel, Ruth Buerke, Rosemary Connell, 
Rienette Diller, Eileen Hahn, Eve Holobeck, 
Fran Kroeger, Betty Licklider, Eleanora 
Markus, Jaclyn Meyer, Sara Moore, Bettie 
Perry, Mary Jean Poetz, Mary Lynn Ricketts, 
Judith Smith, Lib Walbaum, and Mary Lou 
Widicus. John W. Scott, who completed ten 
years in April 1992, also was honored at the 
luncheon, 


Volunteers Needed to Prepare 
Interpretive Signs 


The Garden Gate Shop is looking for volun- 
teers to create interpretive signs describing 
the scientific and environmental significance 
of merchandise for sale in the Shop. Candl- 
dates with experience in research an 
interpretive writing are encouraged to Be 
This will be a challenging task, with hundre 
of items that need to be described in terms © 
the Garden’s mission. Please call Jen 
McGilligan at (314) 577-5187 for more infor- 
mation. 


Botanical Garden Subdistrict Elects 
Officers 


The Botanical Garden Subdistrict of the pe 
ropolitan Zoological Park and Museum Distric 
elected new officers at its annual meeting May 
19, 1993, Elected were: Pamela Shephard, 
chairman; Robert Orchard, vice chairman, me 
Roy Jerome Williams, treasurer, and Betty 
Farrell, secretary. 


Stupp Foundation Renews 
Support for Center 


THE Norman J. Stupp Foundation recently 
announced renewal of its annual support of 
the Stupp Teacher Resource Center at the 
Garden with a grant of $15,000 per year for 
the next three years. In addition, with the aid 
of a special $10,000 gift from the Foundation, 
the Center has been able to add computer 
capabilities that greatly expand its services. 

ince 1982, annual support from the 
Norman J. Stupp Foundation has helped to 
fund the center as part of the Garden’s Educa- 
tion Division. The Center maintains a library 
of books, slide sets, videos, botanical models, 
games, recordings and modular programs for 
environmental education, all of which assist 
science teachers and their students. 

Three years ago, a special gift by the Stupp 
Foundation enabled the Center to purchase 
its first personal computer. The more recent 
gift will allow for adding online access to a 
network of databases with the most current 
information on a huge array of topics: bio- 
science, agriculture, environmental science, 
and more. The Center also was able to add a 
workstation with access to an online public 
access catalogue, OPAC, to replace its card 
catalogue and link it to the online catalogue 
in the library of the Saint Louis Zoo. Soon the 
Center will be able to link its computer termi- 
nal with the catalogue of the St. Louis Public 


NEWS FROM 


bi: @ 2 


Medicinal Plants of China 


THE Garden library has acquired a magnifi- 
cent new publication, a comprehensive 
modern treatment of the plants used for me- 
dicinal purposes in China. The basic 8-volume 
set published to date treats 1,600 species, each 
precisely illustrated in color and fully de- 
scribed, including its Latin, Chinese and 
Japanese names, chemical properties, medici- 
nal uses, geographical distribution, methods 
of preparation, and more. The complete 25- 
volume set will describe 5,000 medicinal 
plants, animals, minerals, insects, fungi, and 


GARDEN 


Library and communicate with other libraries 
around the world using Internet, creating a 
true “library without walls.” 

The OPAC workstation also includes a CD- 
ROM player, which utilizes reference works 
stored on digital disks. These will be espe- 
cially useful to the many students who use the 
Center as a source of inspiration and research 
for their science fair projects each year. 

“Teacher training is a primary goal of the 
Garden’s Education Division,” said Dr. Larry 
DeBuhr, director of education. “The teacher 
resource center contributes to that effort by 
placing an outstanding collection of reference 
materials on science in one place, helping 
teachers to enrich their own knowledge and 
skills and to pass that knowledge on to their 
students. We are extremely grateful to the 
Norman J. Stupp Foundation for helping to 
make these services possible.” 

The Center is open in the afternoons, early 
evenings and Saturday mornings -- times con- 
venient for busy teachers. Anyone is welcome 
to use the Center, but only teachers and Gar- 
den personnel may borrow materials. For 
more information, please call coordinator 
Pamela Pirio at (314) 577-9501. 


Grant Supports Teacher 
Training 
THE Elberth R. and Gladys Flora Grant Chari- 


table Trust has awarded $10,000 to the 
Missouri Botanical Garden for the develop- 


LIBRARY 


re. The work is a joint publication of the 


mo 
Public Health Department of the People’s Re- 
public of China and Yukonsha Inc. of Japan. 
Written in Japanese, the project enlisted the 
Participation of 4,600 people, including edi- 
tors, scholars, researchers, translators, and 
illustrators. 

Support for the purchase of the Medicinal 


ment of educational materials. This generous 
gift will allow the Education Division to com- 
plete two projects that will benefit hundreds 
of teachers and students for years to come. 

The first project is the development of a 
comprehensive set of materials that teachers 
will use in the classroom in conjunction with 
field trips to the Garden. These lessons will 
be printed as individual units for distribution 
to teachers when they schedule a visit, Teach- 
ers will be able to use the lessons before and 
after field trips, making the visit more integral 
to the school classroom experience. “In this 
manner, the educational value of field trips to 
the Garden is greatly enhanced,” said Dr. Larry 
DeBuhr, director of education. “Students 
coming to the Garden to learn about plants 
and the environment will be better prepared 
for the experience and will learn more as a 
result.” 

The second project is the production of a 
field trip guide to the Garden for teachers 
who bring classes to the Garden, but have not 
scheduled a class or tour with Garden staff or 
volunteers. Each year the Garden is able to 
provide classes or tours to only about half of 
the teachers who call and request programs. 
Many teachers visit the Garden on their own. 
This field trip guide will provide teachers with 
specific lesson plans for activities they can do 
at the Garden during times when tour guides 
or instructors cannot be provided. The guide 
will be distributed to school libraries and will 
be available for sale. 


Plants of China was provided in 1992 by a gift 
from the Episcopal Diocese of Missouri in 
honor of the retiring bishop, the Rt. Rev. 
William A. Jones, Jr. “This is a tremendous 
acquisition for our library,” said Dr. Peter H. 
Raven, director. “We are absolutely delighted 
to be able to add it to our collection.” 


IN MEMORY OF JOHN K. WALLACE, SR. -- 
To commemorate the longstanding involve- 


folio volumes of Les Roses by Pierre Joseph 
Redoute. These volumes are an exact reprint 
of the original edition published between 1817 
and 1824, renowned both for its beauty as a 
work of art and its scientific precision. The 
Garden’s set, which includes a fourth volume 
of commentaries, is one of a limited edition of 
300 produced in Belgium and purchased in 
the early 1970s. It is housed in the rare book 
room of the Garden’s library and displayed 
here by Linda Oestry, reference librarian. 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 17. 


CUFF WILLIS 


Tarciso Filgueiras 


AN important aspect of the Missouri Botani- 
cal Garden’s work is its dedication 
strengthening botanical institutions in other 
countries and training botanists. 

Dr. Tarciso Filgueiras, a botanist from Bra- 
zil, is a prime example of the beneficial 
interchange the Garden fosters with botanists 
around the world. Filgueiras is on leave from 
his work at the Brazilian Institute of Geogra- 
phy and Statistics fora one-year post-doctoral 
Stay at the Garden. Filgueiras arrived in St. 
Louis in September 1992 and will remain, 
with occasional field trips back to Brazil, until 
1993. His post-doctoral year was funded 
through a grant from CAPES, the Brazilian 


= 
5) 


CLIFF WILLIS 
2 


: “—™ 


which is headquartered at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Fro 
Hu, and Dr. William Tai, director of the Flora of Chi 


18. BuLLeTIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


ed a dinner on May 17, 1993, in hon 

Sciences in Beijing, China. Pro 

ists, including the Flora of China project 
m 


post-graduate agency. 

Filgueiras is a specialist in grasses. His 
project during this post-doctoral year is to 
prepare a checklist for the grasses of Central 
Brazil. He has been working closely with the 
Garden's grass expert, Gerrit Davidse. 

Filgueiras is extremely enthusiastic about 
this project. “While working on this check- 
list, 've discovered three new species and a 
new genus,” he says with excitement. “Be- 
cause of their usefulness to society, grasses 
are generally very well known. It is very 
unusual to find a new genus.” 

€ new genus and species were discov- 

ered relatively close to one another, near a 
nickel mine in Central Brazil. These discover- 
ies have led Filgueiras to pursue an additional 
course of study: serpentine ecology. Serpen- 
tine soils have a very high content in certain 
minerals, especially nickel, chromium, and 
cobalt. Only highly specialized plants have 
adapted to survive in this type of soil. Asa 
result, these plants are usually endemic, that 
is they are found nowhere else. “Unfortu- 
nately, these areas are frequently exploited for 
ining and are therefore threatened,” he says. 

Filgueiras wants to collect the plants of the 
Serpentine area in Central Brazil before they 
are destroyed in order to convince people to 
preserve these areas. “I need to gather the 
data,” he says. “I hope to do the field work for 


& ait 


or of Professor 
of. Hu 


left: Dr. Peter H. Raven, Prof. 
na project for the Garden. 


at least 18 months, then come back to the 
Garden to analyze the plants so that | can 
present a strong case for protecting the area,” 
Filgueiras won't limit himself to grasses when 
collecting in the serpentine soils. “All the 
plants are important and threatened, so | will 
do general collecting.” 

His time at the Garden has allowed him to 
explore these new opportunities. “Itisa privi- 
lege to work here,” he says. “The herbarium 
and the library are extremely important re- 
sources. But it is the human resources that 
are especially valuable. Everyone is very co- 
operative and open to discussion -- they are 
just wonderful. I will always value my year at 
the Missouri Botanical Garden and 1 look for- 
ward to ample future cooperation.” 


Dmitry Geltman in the Garden herbarium 
Visitors from Russia 


Dmitry Geltman, a botanist from the Komarov 
Botanical Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia, 
visited the Garden for two months recently to 
work in the herbarium. Dr. Geltman is 4 
senior scientist and has been an assistant 
keeper of the herbarium at the Komarov Inst- 
tute since 1979, in charge of the Far East and 
Siberian sections. 

This is Geltman’s second visit to the Gar- 
den; he was here in 1991, when he worked 
with the Garden’s TROPICOS database sys 
tem. Back in St. Petersburg he trained a tealt 
of botanists in using TROPICOS, and a 
have prepared a checklist of the plants of the 
former U.S.S.R. that will be published by Cam- 
bridge University Press. ee 

Also visiting the Garden this spring ve 
Vyacheslav Barkalov, from the staff of the 
Institute of Biology and Petology, Far at 
Branch, of the Russian Academy of Sciences 
in Vladivostok, Russia. Barkalov was here a 
study TROPICOS, and to consult on the Flora 
of China project. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


“Lost” Orchid Illustrations Published 


THE Missouri Botanical Garden, 
jointly with the Royal Botanic Gar- 
dens, Kew, has just published 
Thesaurus Woolwardiae, a beauti- 
ful new series of reproductions of 
19th-century watercolor paintings 
of orchids. These paintings, by 
legendary orchid author and il- 
lustrator Florence Woolward, 
have never before been seen by 
the public. They were discovered 
recently in a castle in Scotland. 

Sixty of Florence 
Woolward’s superbly ex- 
ecuted paintings are 
reproduced in their origi- 
nal full colors. The series 
is published in elephant- 
folio format’ (11 3/4 by 
16 1/2 inches) and di- 
vided into four volumes 
of 15 plates, each volume 
containing one plate of 
double size on a fold-out 
page. 

The name Florence 
Woolward is legendary 
in the world of orchids. 
She was both author and 
illustrator of the last of 
the grand tomes in el- 
ephant-folio format of 
the 19th century. Her 
works were renowned for beauti- 
fully hand-colored lithographs of 
orchids, subjects of a craze that 
had swept the aristocracy of Eu- 
Tope. Among the late 19th- 
century connoisseurs of orchids 
was the Marquis of Lothian, 
Whose collection of cultivated or- 
chids at Newbattle Abbey near 
Edinburgh, Scotland, begun about 
1876, became one of the finest 


and most complete in existence 
at that time. Beginning in 1879, 
he commissioned Florence 
Woolward to paint portraits of 
his specimens as they came into 
flower. 

One hundred years after they 
were painted. Lord Ancram, the 
heir to the present Marquis of 
Lothian, discovered this large col- 
lection of Woolward’s paintings. 
He recognized them as an histori- 


cal treasure and arranged for them 
to be published by the Missouri 
Botanical Garden in association 
with the Royal Botanic Gardens 
at Kew. 

Each illustration is accompa- 
nied by a botanical description of 
the orchid illustrated. The de- 
scriptions are up-to-date and 
represent current scientific think- 
ing. Volume One is devoted to 


the slipper orchids, including 
ladyslippers, a group found world- 
wide that has a distinctive inflated 
lip modified into an insect-trap- 
ping pouch. Phillip J. Cribb, 
curator of the Orchid Herbarium 
and assistant keeper of the Her- 
barium at Kew, is the author. 
Volume Two, written by Jeffrey 
Wood, assistant curator of the Or- 
chid Herbarium at Kew, illustrates 
the large and showy Old World 
genus Dendrobium, pop- 
ular for cultivation and 
used in hybrids. The 
third volume treats the 
New World genus 
Oncidium and its allies, 
including Odontoglossum, 
Miltonia and Brassia. 
This is another group 
popular among growers 
for its large blossoms. 
Mark W. Chase, head of 
Molecular Systematics at 
Kew, wrote the text. The 
final volume, by Joyce 
Stewart, Sainsbury Or- 
chid Fellow at Kew, 
depicts miscellaneous 
genera, including Cattleya, 
often used in corsages, 
Laelia, and Orchis. The 
foreword is written by Carlyle A. 
Luer, research associate of the 
Missouri Botanical Garden, who 
also collaborated on the project. 
The volumes are lightly bound 
with stiff paper covers. Each con- 
tains 15 plates, available from the 
Missouri B | Garden for $50 
per volume or $175 for the set of 
To order call (314)577- 


four. 


EDGAR DENISON WILDFLOWERS — 
Edgar Denison, the dean of Missouri 
naturalists, 


wel and aie Blanton J. 
34 of 


Whitmire h 
Mr. Denison’s exquisite paintings of 


ted for his splendid field guide, 
Missouri Wildflowers. Shown at left with 
one of the framed paintings are (from left) 
Blanton and Peg Whitmire, Edgar Denison, 
and Peter Raven. 


Marilyn LeDoux Is Certi- 
fied as a Judge of the 
American Orchid Society 


AT the March 18, 1993, meeting 
of the Trustees and the Commit- 
tee on Awards of the American 
Orchid Society in San Antonio, 
Texas, Marilyn LeDoux of the 
Garden's Horticulture Division 
was elevated to Certified Judge 
of the American Orchid Society. 
Marilyn had been training to 
become a certified judge for 
three years. She will judge 
orchid shows here at the Garden 
and throughout the midwest, 
and will continue her training to 
become an Accredited Judge. 

Robert F. Nagel, training 
coordinator for the Mid-America 
Regione! Judging Committee, 
said, “Marilyn has proven herself 
to be an exceptionally knowl- 
edgeable judge candidate as well 
as an exceptional grower. Her 
reputation is well known 
throughout the fifteen state Mid- 
America region, not only for her 
growing ability but, with the 
help of her husband Brian, for 
staging outstanding exhibits for 
the Garden. Two Gold Certifi- 
cates in two years is a record 
hardly equalled anywhere in the 
c 


y 


Orchid Show Winners 
Brian and Marilyn LeDoux took 
top honors for the Garden at the 
Mid-America Orchid Show held 
April 16-18 in Peoria, Illinois. 
Their 60-square-foot exhibit 
earned 30 awards and ribbons, 
including the American Orchid 
Society Show Trophy, awards 
from The Orchid Digest for 
Outstanding Exhibit and 
Outstanding Plant, and 26 
awards for individual plants, 
including eight first place 
ribbons. The Garden was the 
only botanical garden repre- 
sented among 38 entrants in the 
show. Special thanks go to the 
Orchid Society of Greater St. 
Louis for supporting the cost of 
the trip. For more on Brian and 
Marilyn LeDoux and their work 
at the Garden, see the Bulletin, 
January/February 1993. 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 19, 


TRIBUTES 


MARe APRe 1993 


IN HONOR OF 


Mr. Arthur Ansehl 
Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Kranzberg 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 
Mr. Walter Behrendt 
Mr. Ray Joseph 
d Mrs. Henry Belz II 

Mr. and Mrs. Edmonstone F. 

Thompson 
Mr. and Mrs. Roy Bergmann 
Mrs. William P. Schorr 

r. and Mrs. Rex Berkowitz 
Mrs. Nancy L. Solomon 
Miss Robin Bernat 
Mr. and Mrs. sa Katz 
Dr. John H 
Gloria and ace nn nite 
Rev. Gerald M. Bock 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Martinez 
Bodenheimer 


Roy and Ruth Dressel 

Mr. and Mrs. Clair Bourgeois 
Mr. and Mrs. Elvin C. Bougeois Jr. 
John Cavanagh 

Carolyn Kendall 

Josette and Jere Hochman 


Dr. Katherine Chambers 


Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Scissors 
Mrs. Carol Cohn 
Mrs. Carol Ross 
Don Culberson 
Mr. and Mrs. Oscar J. Conrad Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Theodore P 
Desl r 

Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
Mr. Alan DeWoskin 
Ellen and Henry sae 

and Mrs. D: Don 
vie Tobi Eicsaberk | Hee 

erry Fischer 


Mr. and digs Clay Mollman 
Jeff Fo 


Dr. Robert and Judy Kramer 
nklin 


Miss Charlotte Glessmer 
Miss fue Glessmer 

Mrs. Robert Friedman 
Mr. hae Mrs. Bert Schweizer II 
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Gerber 
Mr. and Mrs. W hitney R. Harris 
Mr. Bernard Gerche en 
Rosalie and Edward Scallet 


Ms. Margie Guller 

Mr. and Mrs. Bernard H. Sirkin 

Mrs. J. A. Jac =e 

Mrs. Helen C. M 

Miss Rosemary Woodw orth 
Mrs. J. Eugene Johanson 

Mrs. George W. Achuff 

Lionel Kalish Jr. 

Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Wendy, and 9c family 

the Bob Ke ers 

Mrs. Fiecabeth ¢ ag Foster 

Mr. Fred Kuhlmann 


Mr. and Mrs. caring Schiller 
Mrs. Ruth Lewi 
Mrs. Ruth ics 


Mrs. Hazel Loewenwarter 

Come Alive at 55 

Andrea Loewenwarter and 
spie 


Richard and Barbara Ann 
Wollenberger 
Steven and Flurina Wobentherges 
Dr. and Mrs. James L is 
Mr. and Mrs. Morton Singer 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff 
Cafferty 


Mr. Julia 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Ruprecht 
Mr. Larry Miller 


Amy and Brian Weinstoc 

Missouri Botanical Garden 
Mrs. Gretchen P. Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. Shadrach Morris 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard A. Vandegrift 
Bonnie Morse 

Mr. and Mrs. Henry W. Dubinsky 
Cassandra Mue nks 


Mr. James Patrick O'Donnell 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 
Dixie Prins 

Myra Dubinsky 

Mrs. Myron Glassberg 

Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mrs. Frances Sears 

Mrs. Alan Ross 

Mr. and Mrs. Louis R. a 
Dr. Donald K. Ros 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph ae 
Mrs. Frances Rothman 
Mrs. Myra Blumenthal 

Lisa Schuman 

Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 


20. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


Butz Schweich 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 
Sei 


hatz 
Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Goldberg 
Mr. and Mrs. as Schiller 
Peggy She 
Kathy and Sam Hayes 


Mr. and Mrs. part Wielansky 
Mrs. Sylvia 
Dr. and Mrs. ee Rothman 
Jeanne Susman 
Carol and Bode Bodenheimer 
Mrs. Max Deutch 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. — 
Ian and Laura Thomps 
Mrs. Marjorie D. a 
Mr. Stephen D. Turner 
Mr. and Mrs. Don Turner 
Mark and Betty Vitela 


Mr. and Mrs. pee S; aueeuel 
Mrs. Violet C. W 

Mr. and Mrs. er = Boettcher Jr. 
Rebecca Penniman 

Lewis Wittenberg 

Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Scott III 

Mr. Martin Wohl 

Mr. and Mrs. Ronald G. Alderfer 


ge Phillip Ackerman 

and Mrs. Miles Whitener 
A pie Mrs. eas Whitmire 
Chloe Adam 
Mary and sae Otto 
Mr. Victor Ahrens 
Dr. and Mrs. Bert A. Woolsey 
Louis J. Alfeld 
Dorothea Alfeld 
Mr. Charles M. Allen 


Thomas M. Webling 
. An 


Kathryn it zero 
Mother of Pett Ashley 
Ms. Deborah as Stein 
Mrs. Marjorie Ashton 
Mr. and ae Robert 
Mr. Richard Atwood Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Raber ee 
Mrs. Helen 
Mr. Harold J. sgt 
Mrs. Helen 
Mr. Thomas 7 Soe 
Mr. J. Arthur Baer II 
Mr. and Mrs. Jerry G. Meyers 
Mrs. Thelma Baker 
Mr. and Mrs. Arthur W. Anderson 
Mrs. Enide M. Banker 
Leonard and Myrtle Euler 
Mrs. Lucille Barr 
Marcie and George Bakker 
Mr. and Mrs. Warren R. Kunstman 
Fred and Florence Niere 
Mrs. Frances Bates 
Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell 
Belz Family 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler 


Mr. and Mrs. L. Max Lippman Jr. 

Mr. Edward B. Mower Jr. 

Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mr. and Mrs. Edmonstone F. 
son 

igre E. Wuertenbaecher Jr. 

Mr. Paul W. Bentrup 

Mary poms 

Mrs. Alice B 

Mr. Sheldon E. pic 

Mrs. Juanita L. Yewell 

Mr. E. L. Berkey 

Mabel C. Lackland 

Miss Betty Berkl 


Miss Mary in Bascom 


Mr. and Mrs. Howard U. Wilson 
Mrs. Snowy Bischof 
Shirley and Gene Orf 


Mr. Robert Blattner 
Mrs. Jeanne S. Fausek 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Yates 


Mother of Dr. Gerald Borodach 


Jacob Family 
Dylan Brengard 
John and Claudia Joyce 

Brengard 
John and Claudia Joyce 

llis and Burton Brite 

Mrs. Virginia Copp 
Mrs. Clara Brockmeier 
Mr. and Mrs. William E, Remmert 
Mrs. Sally H. C. Brown 
Mr. and Mrs. John T. Berger Jr. 
Mrs. Diane G. Bryan 
Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 


mer Burks 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. H. Luedde 
Mr. Thomas C. Burrows 

Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 
Mr Burton 


Mr. and Mrs. Rich Ostrowski 

Father of Dr. Suzanne Busch 

Mother of William H. T. Bush 

Mr. and Mrs. sea Black 
Butler 


Dr. 
Ruth and Augoss Homeyer 
Brother of Merle Lee Buzzotta 


Ms. Sidonia Arnstein 


Mr. and Mrs. William Kelly 
Mr. and Mrs. Emory Kesteloot 


Mrs. Harris Kramer 

Mr. and Mrs. Sol Kronick 

Mrs. Barbara Le 

Dr. and Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry F. Luepke Jr. 
Ms. Marion Martin 

Mr. and Mrs. he D. Mitchell 
Barbara and Gary M 

Mr. a 


Joe and Sammy Ruwitch 

Mrs. Joseph F. —— 

Mrs. Ruth Sarv 

Mr.a nd Mrs, Gideon Schiller 
Mr. and Mrs 

Mr. and ies wane G. oan 
Mr. and Mrs. Morris Weinstein 
Dr. and Mrs. Bruce I. White 

ne see yman 

and Mrs. Bruce R. Yoder 
ee Victor Zeve 

Mr. i 


er Carr 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard D. Schreiber 
Mr. Louis Case 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Symonds 
Mr. William Claggett 
Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur 
Faith and Roy Cleveland 
Johanson Family 
Jane and Chris Reid 
Mr. Richard S. Cleveland 
Mr. John F. Thompson Jr. 
Mrs. Thelma Clodfelter 
Ann Bain 
Mr. Eber Coil 
Dr. and Mrs. Vasil Vasileff 
Susan Inglis Colbo 
Mrs. E. R. Hurd Jr. 
Mrs. Jean Newbold Bailey Cork 
Mr. and Mrs. H. Bruce Smith 
Mrs. H. E. Craig 
Mrs. Carl F. Kottmeier 
Mrs. Dorothy Cratz 
Mr. and Mrs. Mike Bunnell and 
Family 

Mrs. Secon Dempsey 
Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell 
Miss Mary E. Ba 
Mr. and Mrs. oe a Jr. 
Mother of Lois Dennler 
Mr. and Mrs. James Waltke 
Father of Mrs. Irvin Dubinsk 
Mr. and Mrs. Benard A. Barken 

D. W. Ea 


Mrs. Helen Eades Stutsman 
Amelia Ehrenreich 
Dr. and Mrs. Seymour Brown 


Mrs. Ruth Ellingson 

Mrs. Joseph A. Roy 

Mr. Robert Ellis 

Mr. and Mrs. Peter E. Sargent 
de 


Mrs. Ruth M. Osborn 
Ms. Joan Sidney Fiquette 
Mr. Peter H. Wollenberg 
Joyce Flah 
Mr. John C. Wright 
Mrs. Florence Flori 
Mr. Frank M. Flori 
Nannie Forster 

Mr. and Mrs. James L. Hawkins 
Mr. Charles Furrer 
Rita se Bill Rundquist 
John Gabriel 
Mr. and pe David J. Shatkowski 
Goodrich Gamble 
Boxwood Society of the Midwest 
Mr. Michael Gilliland 
Ms. Carol L. Snyder 

Alan Godlewski 
Mr. and Mrs. William Baldwin 
Mr. Goldman, 

Uncle of Mrs, Henry Freund 

Sonya Glassberg 
Mrs. Lillian Gordon 
Ms. Carol L. Snyder 
Mr. Michael H. Graves 
Ms. Nancy Weaver 
Reed G 
Barbara Dillon 
Mrs. Pat Moore 
Florence Gronemeyer 
Frank Famil 
Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 
Mr. Fred Guerdat 
Nell and Tom Lafferre 


Dr. and Mrs. John S. Skinner 

Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Wilson Jr. 
Mrs. Margaret Hagemeyer 

Ann Bain 

Mrs. Emily Baer Hall 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward A. Higgins 

Mr. and Mrs. I. A. Long 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward W. Martin 

Mrs. James S$. McDonnell 

Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Pettus Jr. 

Mr. John H. Hall 

Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 

Mrs. Debora Halpern 

Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence H. Greenberg 

Mr. C. D. P. Hamilton Il 

Mrs. Albert G. Blanke Jr. 

Mr. Bob Hardy 

Mr. and Mrs. T. J. Skaar 


Mrs. Dolores Hancock 

Ms. Francie M. Futterman 

Mrs. Sarah Harne 

Mr. and Mrs. John G. Diestelkamp 
Mrs. Margaret E. Jones 


Mary and Steve Outo 
Paul V. Heineman 
Dr, and Mrs. Charles A. Holden 
Mrs. Susan Rodenbaug! 
Mrs. Peggy Hellman 
Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Guarraia 
Pamela and Marc Singer 
Mrs. Edith ke 
Mr. and Mrs, 8 H. Biedenstein 
Mrs. Mildred M 
Mr. and Mrs. st DeMoor 
Mr. Wilbert E. Diel 
nd Mrs. John A. Fish 
Friendship Village of South County 
srabish 
ari Gyaki 
Miss Dorothy M. Hanpeter 
m jenke 
Miss Eugenia Henke 
Mr. and Mrs, John M. Heuvelman 
Mr. and Mrs. James Mace 
Mr. and Mrs, Fritz Mann 
Mr. and Mrs. Ralph M. McCugh 
Mr. and Mrs. Patrick McDonnell 
Mrs. Virginia Nolte 


Father and Mother of 
chael P. Hennessy 


Mrs. Ethel Hill 
Marie Nemnich, Krissy, Sandy 
Mrs. Mildred Hohn 


Dorothy M. Gree 

M atherine Horat 

A ¥. Boettcher Family 

Mrs. Lois Bolinger Huxel 
Miss Alberta M. Bolinger 

Mr. Frank Jam 

Mrs. Katharine Q. oo 

Mr. Richard Jam 

Second Friday Rie Club 

Mrs. Helen M. Joggerst 
Mr.and Mrs. Dale W. Ehlers 
Father of Dr. Eugene Johnson 
Dr. and Mrs. Philip “rar gia 
Mrs. Shirley Kardes 

Dr. and Mrs. ag eae 
Mrs. Marce tsch 

Dr. and Mrs. sala L. Davis Jr. 


continued on next page 


BULLETIN JULY/ AUGUST 1993 21, 


continued 


Mr. Bernard J. Keence 
Boxwood Society of the Midwest 
Mrs. Anneliese Keimeier 
Mrs. Frank H. Schwaiger 

Mrs. James Kerl 

Mr. David A. Blanton III 

Mr. C harles D. Mueller 

Clara Kieffer 

Mrs. Robert K. Hoadley 

Mrs. Lillian K. Knoche 


ker 

Mr. pw Mrs. Martin Schneider 

Mrs. Eleanor Koch 

a ny py Beimdiek 
Mrs. Minnie Beimdie 


Mr. Paul A  Koht 


Mrs. Diane Kolker 

Mr. Robert N. Hagnau 

Guy and Madeline Pied 

Mrs. Marcella Komorek 

Mr. and Mrs. Ted Green 

Mrs. Kratoville 

Mr. and Mrs. Eugene I. Vogt 

Mr. Ralp aus 

Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Symonds 

Mr. Charles Kueper 

Miss Ellen C. Eccher 

Mrs. Lahmeyer 

Mr. and Mrs. Ralph J. Votaw 
amp 


Mother of Joe LaMartina 


Alan Gerstein 


Mr. and Mrs. Macy S. Abrams 


Mr. Robert E. Kresko 


Mr. Mirko Bolanovich 

Mr. Gary E. Borgard 

Mr. James L. Brainard 

Don Croxton 

Mr. Paul C. Cullen 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard H. Daley 
Mr. Jim Dalhour 

Gloria and Judy 

Mr. Jeff Greenburg 

Mr. Gary C. Johnson 


Magnolia’s Restaurant & Bar, 
Staff and Management 


Missouri Botanical Garden 
Daylily Association 

Leonard and Donna Mohme 

Bruce Owens 

Doug Pew 

Eulah and Roland Pieper 

Mr. Marc Pudlowski 

Mr. Jay Reiter 

Mr. Robert W. Sadlon 


Mr. Terry San 
Mr. and Mrs. ae Sussenbach 
Arlene Thiel 


Harold Lewin 
Mrs. Lilly Abraham 
Alan and Sharon Greenberg 
Rick, Deby, Sara, Beth Halpern 
Joe and ea at Ruwitch 


Robin Lin 
Robert and Bevel Crawford 


Mrs. Loretto Litzinger 
Helen Litzinger 
Marge Loeb 
Mr. and Mrs. T. R. Potter Jr. 
Joe and Sammy Ruwitch 
Mrs. Adele Lowell 
Mrs. Fred S. Kell 
oseph P. Lynons Sr. 
Mrs. Stanley ‘od 
Mrs. Mary Orr MacCarthy 
Mr. and Mrs. cri C. Lortz 
Mrs. Bonnie Mades 
Ms. Judith M. Godat 
Mr. Elmer D. tema 
Betty-Jane Barsa 
Mother of Carty and Marty 
Mandern 
Mr. and Mrs. me ee 
arlo 


John M 
Mr. and Mrs. James Waltke 
Mr. C. Lando rtin 


Mr. and Mrs. James G. TG ig Jr. 
Mrs. Mary Varela Mart 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. ible? 
Mr. Elvin Matteson 

Mrs. Dorothy W. Smith 

Mr. - Maupin 

Dr. and Mrs. Leonard L. Davis Jr, 
Mr. Dean R. McGilli. 

Mark and Maria Weingartner 
Mrs. Anita C. McKee 

Mr. and Mrs. Karl R. Bear 

Mr. Bernard Mellitz 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. rs 
Mr. and Mrs. Jules Chasno’ 


Mother of Mrs. “Charen Meltzer 


Millard and Renee Backerman 

Mr. and Mrs. Alex M. Cornwell Jr. 
Mrs. Paul Fletcher 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling 
Mr. and Mrs. John Hallett 
Historic Sites Foundation of 

St. Louis Count 


Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Pettus Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Proost 


22. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


Mr. Ron Sauget 

Mr. and Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly 
Mr. and Mrs. George W. Smith III 
Eve Spencer 

Jo and Monte Throdahl 

Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Trova 

Mrs. Phyllis 

Mrs. Virginia Epstei 
Robert Walte - aliceelnidion Jr. 
Adam Foster 

Colleen Foster 

Mr. Ross Miller 

Mr. and Mrs. Ray T. Eddins 

Mrs. Helen Miltenberger 

Mr. and Mrs. acy C. Ely 

Mrs. M. Mino 


Dr. and Mrs. ae ES Mendelsohn 
Mrs. Laverne Moe ee ring 
Mrs. Marilyn W 
Mrs. Helen F. aiblive 
Miss Hazel B. Duncan 
The Selle Famil 
Mother of Mrs. Dorothy Moore 
Mrs. Stella B. Houghton 
n 


John and Claudia Joyce 
Brother of Mrs. R. Clayton 
Mudd 


u 
Mr. and Mrs. C. William Emory 


Edwynne P. Murphy 
os and Mrs. William J. Falk and 
mily 


sce Chris rray 

Mr. and Mrs. a R. Bakker Jr. 
Mrs. Virginia Co 
Dr. and Mrs. Sane Vanderpearl 
Mother of Georgette Murray 
Garden Sees Club 
Thom 
Mr. on oe San Levy 
Mr. Martin Nelson 
Mr. Robert Sheinbein 


Mrs. Arlene McVe 
Mrs. Carole VanVranken 
rs. M. Noelker 
Katherine Bussmann 
Betty Putney Norman 
Jamey and Bob F 


Mrs. Maria J. Weingartner 


Mr. and Mrs. Joseph A. Dewes 


Mr. Leonard Pinkowski 
Miss Ellen C. Eccher 
Grandmother of Jerrie Plegge 


Mr. and Mrs. Oscar J. Conrad Jr. 
Mrs. Jeanne Quinn 

Mr. and a Donald P. Luning 
Mr. Clarke M. Rainey 

Mrs. James L. pee and Family 
Miss Nancy E ishe 
Miss Diane Woe mi 

Brother of Ms. Mary T. Rassi 

Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Tatoo 
Mrs. Adeline Rauscher 


Mrs. Peggy Hageman 

Mr. Joseph Reidel 

Mrs. Virginia E. Wise 

Father of Mrs. [ene Reuther 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul A. Gusdorf 
Mrs gs G. Rice 


nie wee Terry 

Mrs. Paul F. Ring 

Mr. and Mrs. Dustin H. Griffin 
George and Nadine Mahe 

Dr. and Mrs. T. E. Sanders 
Mrs. Katherine Q. so 
Mr. Loran Rite 

Mrs. Mildred M. eis 

Mr. Lawrence Roberson 
Irene Schuchardt 

Mr. and Mrs. Ralph K. Soebbing 
Mrs. Helen Robinson 

Mr. and Mrs. William G. Tipton 
Mrs. Deane H. Rogers 

Mrs. Laura H. Flint 

Mr. and Mrs. James L. Hawkins and 


Family 
Catherine F. beak 


hoff 
Mrs. Katherine = haat 
Mr. Earl Rose 
Mr. Charles “a ic 
Mr. Don J. R 
Roz and a cote 
Mr. Joseph E. Wuller 
Mr. Clinton Sadler 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. LaMear 


. Sayad 
Mr. and Mrs. Clark M. Driemeyet 


Dr. George Scheer 

Arthur, Arleen, Adam Loewy 

Mr. Fred Schloss 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
os 


Mr. and Mrs. Nick Carter 

Mr. and Mrs. Lou Trice 

Mrs. Betty Sheets 

Mr. and Mrs. Warren Woehler 
Michael Shuffler 


Summergate Townhouse Association 
Siegel 


ay siege: 
Barbara Dillon 


Mr. Robert S. Small Jr. 

Mr. S 

Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 
rs. Katherine P. Stark 

Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Barksdale 

Mr. and Mrs. Ssh Boyd Jr. 

Mrs. William L 

Melanie ney — 

Mr. Joseph Du 

Mr. and Mrs. Aas C. Giessow 

Mr. and Mrs. Lambert Holmes 

Mr. and Mrs. Frederic W. Horner 

Mary B. Hubbell 

Mrs. Jack A. Jacobs 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert McK. Jones 

Key 


- and Mrs. John P. MacCarthy 
David W. Mesker 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul Painter 


Pi Brothers Wiccan & Orchards 


re John W. Stark 
Mr. and Mrs. Melvi vin : Strassner 
Peggy and Alfred Virs 


Iva Stuckenschneider 
Mary and Steve Otto 


Mrs. Emy Stuntz 

Mr. and Mrs. Sam Stookey 
Mr. T. A. Sudol 

Ms. Viva S. Wright 

Mr. James P. Sullivan Sr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles S. Coyle 


Cecile K. Lowenhaupt 

Mrs. Helman C. Wasserman 

Mrs. Martha Love Symington 
Miss Mary E. Bascom 

Mr. Charles E. Claggett 

Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert G. Early II] 
George — pete Hoblitzelle 

Mrs. Ric D. Hughe: 


Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Pettus Jr. 
Warren A Shapleigh 
Mr. Lewi 

Mr. and are peek Brookings Smith 
Sir Peter and Lady Smithers 
Sarah and Amelia Otway Smithers 


Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Casey Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Ruethain 
Mr. Harold Marion Thompson 


Hugh and Alice Chaplin 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 
Mr. David M. Diener 
Mrs. Carol Donelan 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 
Mary Janet — 
a Marie La 

and M De oseph O. Losos 
send seaa ahaa Guides 
Georganne L. Pollno 
Queenie Schiele 
Harriot and Parker Smith 
Mr. and Mrs. Gupton Vogt 
Mrs. David Q. Wells 
Mr. Chester Topping 


Mr. and Mrs. Ford Phillips 
Mrs. Lola Tschu 
Dr. and Mrs. Stephen F. Bowen Jr. 


Mrs. Ri 
Mr. Howard F. Baer 


Mr. Salvasen: Vitiello 

Mrs, Aaron Schulz 

Mr. Nicholas Vujnich 

St. Louis County 

Department of Planning 
aaa 


Peet hel 
and Mrs. "Wilbert Joyce and 
Keston ce 
Barbara, Merle, Lane, Michelle Steckel 
Dr. Julius A. W 
Marilyn R. Brinks 
Mrs. Mildred H. Ware 
Mr. and Mrs. Clifford Day Jr. 
Miss Marjorie Stauss 
Mrs. Vera Waterhou 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles G. tiie 
Mrs. Ruth Watkins 
Mrs. Gladys T. Stockstrom 
Sam Wayne 
Mrs. Billie Oxenhandler 


Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Caray 
Mrs. Dorothy Kunz Caray 


Mrs. Patricia Caray Eddy 
Mrs. Frank Johnson 

Mrs. Paul Kop 

Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Stumpf 
Miss Janet Thursby 

Mrs. Estelle Kunz Westrup 


Father of Dr. Thomas Woo 


Mr. and 08 eciae W. Gilberg 
Ann You 

Augusta T. Techn 

Mrs. Arthur S. Zbaren 


Mrs. June Kottmeier 


Mr. John C. Wright 
Sister of Manfred Zettl 
Shir Ami Singers 


President 
Rev, Lawrence 4 
The Hon. Freeman Bosley, Jr 
Mr F. Brau 


The Rt. Rev. Hays H. Rockwell 

Mrs. Walter G, Stern 

Mr. Andrew C, Taylor 

Dr. George E. Thoma 

Mr. Jack E. Thomas, Jr. 
Dr. Blanche Touhill 

The Hon. George R. Westfall 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman II] 


Emeritus TRUSTEES 
Mr. Howard F. Baer 
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale 


Mr. Jules D. Campbell 
Mr. Robert R. Hermann 
Mr. Henry Hitchcock 
Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide 
Mr. William R. oe Jr. 

W. Piper 
Mrs. Luciana 5 lates Ross 
Mr. 


Mr. Daniel L. Schlafly 
Mr. Warren M. Shapleigh 
Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. 
Mr. Robert Brookings Smith 
Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr. 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


ONORARY TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 


Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


Memeers’ Boarp 
Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais, President 
R y 


Mrs. Walter Perry 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 23, 


Inside 


es 19th Annual 
Phis Issue Ee 


4 Japanese Festival 


_AFRICA AND MADAGASCAR 


The Garden is the leading U.S. institution FES SE Se ES aks Labor Day Weekend 
in the study of African botany; discovery 228 5S ye “i eee 4, 5& 6, 1993 
of a plant with potential against HIV. pi LO” BOD BSS Ti s and Wael 


e 


sponsgeeeil in kt. G with a coalition of ofganizations including the Japan America 
WHITMIRE WILDFLOWER GARDEN IS Society of: St. Louis, the Japanese Chamber of Comimerce and Industry of St. Louis, The St. 
ee ee Loub ian Society, the St. Louis s Japanese Language School; the Japanese-American Citizens’ 
Mr. and Mrs. Blanton Whitmire and their Leet the St. Tabis sai, Sister war oe ae and the Women’s Association of the 
family make possible a beautiful new », Japan America Society. 
area at Shaw Arboretum. 


O. 


\ This year the jest cei And more! Plus -- 


_ the Japanese people’s very ; : 
NEW BOTANICAL GARDEN MAGNET ae appreciation.of nature, — lays 0 Pech, koi The San Francie 
OL 2 : 
a even include: and kingyo: and Japanese crests, Taiko Dojo 
The Education Division and the St. Louis a f | kamon 6° drummers, with an 
Public Schools team up for the ’ ‘ ioe 
Mullanphy -Botanical Garden Oba raphe: =f Nagamochi : Talk.Show: Living in Japan evening pe 
Investigative Learning Center. and Oreste Stains, / rE Ss te ee ASS mance under the 
Calligraphy Exhibit stars that is not to be 
Q. Martial ANS Demnonehittigns’ 3) ttiscaal 
and Sumo Wrestling Display Koto Music ; 
_NEW DEMONSTRATION GARDENS \ Call GardenLine, 
eames Rae . eS a ee 577-9400, for up to 
in anonymous donor gives the gift of the Candictiant Walke Nea : i Coxsone’ —s ~ a the minute informe 
new Fragrance Garden. Japanese Garden ce dus 
. a | ios stionshows tion 24-hours a day, 
Cooking Demonstrations, \ fe . beginning August 1. 
1 Q. A OE/ Outside St. Louis 
_HOME GARDENING | Karaoke Contests %) . call toll free, 1-800- 
—— —— ee" BS VAS > | 642-8842. 
Cindesioat’ in the shade is a ulllcting SS ie. 


Here’s how to conquer the twilight zone. 


SPECIAL WEEKEND EVENT 


EZ. SS —. 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS Sse ee 
SE ae ais Ea Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
“Kids in Bloom” and “Celebrate the Trop- Post Office Box 299 eae 
ics” keep things lively in July and August. St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 


PAID 
AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


14. 


NEWS OF THE MEMBERS 


The 1993 Garden Tour and a wh testes of 
the “Best of Missouri” Mar 


16. 


__ VOLUNTEER RECOGNITION © 


Volunteers are honored for decades of 
service to the Garden. 


ai es ee 


(2 
N 


ff 
: 
: 
: 


Comment 


seat ti Pion a Sg Se ge a er 


Missourt BOTANICAL GARDEN MiIssION: “To DisCOVER AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE 
Asout PLANTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT, IN ORDER TO PRESERVE AND Enricu LIFE.” 


Tue St. Louts AREA is only just beginning to recover from the devastating floods 
that swept through our region this past summer. Despite the terrible losses suffered 
by so many in our community, we can all be heartened by the courage, selflessness, 
and teamwork displayed by so many in the face of a great natural disaster. Like 
every institution in the community, the Garden responded to the call for help from 
our neighbors with all the personnel and resources we could muster, and we will 
continue our support. (Please see the story below. 

On a happier note, September and October usher in a season of exciting celebra- 
tions at the Garden. The 19th annual Japanese Festival is a highlight of the Labor 
Day Weekend, and on September 18 we inaugurate the 
long-awaited Mullanphy Botanical Garden elementary 
magnet school. It seems especially appropriate this year to 
honor the farmers and agricultural workers of the 
Midwest, and we are doing just that in October with the 
“Best of Missouri” Market and the opening of an exciting 
new agriculture exhibit developed by the University of 
Missouri. 

On page 9, we pay tribute to some of our very special 
friends, our volunteers, who were honored at Volunteer 
Evening. The extraordinary efforts of these men and 
women make the Garden what it is today, and we are 
deeply grateful to each of the more than 800 people who 
give Iflessly of their time and talent. This is especially true of Robert E. Kresko, 
a member and former president of the Board of Trustees, who was awarded the 
Henry Shaw Medal in honor of his invaluable contributions to the Garden over the 
past several years (see page 5). 


— Peter H. Raven, Director 


Garden Aids Flood Relief 


LIKE ALL OF THE INSTITUTIONS in the St. Louis community, the Garden responded 
immediately to the devastation caused by the flooding of the Mississippi and 

issouri Rivers this summer. Staff have used Garden vans and paid work time to 
drive on behalf of Operation Food Search and other community service organiza- 
tions. Staff members continue to contribute food, clothing, and personal items, and 
have already given over $1,000. All coins collected from fountains at the Garden are 
being donated. In addition, Dr. Raven has announced that the Garden will match 
retroactively, dollar for dollar, all money donated by staff to flood relief, and will 
continue to match contributions to the end of 1994. And the Members’ Board has 
pledged $1 of every admission sold to the “Best of Missouri” Market on October 3 to 
flood relief, a contribution that is expected to total $10,000 to $15.000 

The Garden’s Flood Relief Committee continues to coordinate assistance with 

Operation Food Search. Once urgent personal needs of flood victims are met, th 
Garden will select a specific site to assist with cleanup efforts. si 


In Memory oF EpGar DENISON — As this issue of the Bulletin went to press, we 
were saddened to learn of the death of Edgar Denison on Saturday. Rise 14 A 
memorial service for Mr. Denison will be held at the Manor House: Shaw Arborenan 
at 11 a.m. on Saturday, September 11, 1993. We extend our deepest sympathy t 
Mr. Denison’s family and friends. A tribute to Mr. Denison will a m8 i ‘th — 
November/December issue of the Bulletin. —Editor i oeeeiite 


2 BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


————— oo 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you 
move. Please enclose the mailing 
label on the back cover of this 
Bulletin and mail to: 


Name: 


Old Address: 


Street. 


a eles 


State. ae 
New Address: 


Date effective: 


Meet 
CH= 
State Zip 
On the Cover 


Water lilies bloom in the 
Linnean House pools. 


Editor 


Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 


. O. Box 
St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron is a registered servicemark of 
Missouri Botanical Garden. 
1993 Missouri Botanical Garden 


den, Shaw Arboretum 
Grove House; i 
events and receptions, ; 
ate ts in 
of all lectures and classes; discovs 
the Garden Gate SI nd cours 


r travel, domes- 
er members. 
114) 571- 


el lid af 
and the opportunity fo 
| tic and abroad, with oth 
| For information, please ca 
5108. 
$s 
Postmaster: Please send — 
| changes to: Bulletin, Missoun Bota a 
Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louls, 
63166-0299. 


ECN M E M 


Alwyn H. Gentry; Pu.D. 


1945 — 1993 


ON August 3, 1993, the Garden and the international scien- 
tific community suffered a tragic loss with the death of senior 
Garden curator Alwyn H. Gentry in a plane crash near 
Guayaquil, Ecuador. Gentry, the world’s leading expert on 
the plants of Latin America, was participating in an aerial 
survey 350 miles southwest of Quito when the crash oc- 
curred. Three other people, including the distinguished 
American ornithologist Ted Parker, were also killed in the 
crash. Three biologists survived the crash. 

eee ey es 
5 is 5 ul 1p 
for Conservation International’s Rapid Assessment Program 
(RAP). Gentry spent his career exploring and studying the 
tropical forests of Latin America and was without doubt the 
most knowledgeable person in the world about the complex 
flora of the region 

By his own account, Gentry fell in 
love with the tropics in the summer of 
1967, during a course offered by the 
Organization of Tropical Studies (OTS) 
in Costa Rica. He earned his Ph.D. in 
botany at Washington University in 
1972, specializing in the Bignoniaceae 
(catalpa) family. His graduate work ' was 


his entire career on the staff of the 
Garden. 

Dr. Walter Lewis, professor of biol- 
ogy at Washington University and 
Gentry’s doctoral advisor, said, “Al had 
a genius for observing plants. For ex- 
ample, he rarely forgot a plant he had 

seen just once, as if cemented into his 
memory instantaneously. We shall miss 
Al's talent, for it was profound and in- 
tense, and totally Gedicated to increasing our understanding 
of plants worldwide 
entry's extraordinary ability to recognize plants made 
him one of the world’s leading field biologists. He made more 
than 70,000 botanical collections in his lifetime and recently 
produced a landmark book, A Field Guide to the Families and 
Genera of Woody Plants of Northwest South America, pub- 
lished by Conservation International. This work is of lasting 
significance because it aids in the identification of plants 
without relying on flowers and fruits. Gentry used sterile 
vegetative characters such as leaves, bark and odor to identify 
plants in the most biologically diverse regions on Earth. 

Another of Gentry’s lasting contributions was his meticu- 
lous inventory of six one-hectare plots established by the 
Smithsonian Institution in Tambopata Reserve in southeast- 
ern Peru. Within these permanent plots, each including a 
distinct type of forest habitat, Gentry identified and tagged 
every tree and liana, over 600 species. This type of baseline 
data is essential to in-depth biological studies and usually 
requires teams of botanists working for several years. 

Gentry extended his survey technique by inventorying a 
number of one-tenth hectare plots all over the world, using 


ifn bk 


the data to predict the diversity a region should have, based 
on such factors as rainfall, altitude, seasonality, and soil 
conditions. This technique formed the basis of his work for 
Conservation International's RAP teams, which Gentry and 
Parker co-founded four years ago to inventory quickly the 
biodiversity of poorly known areas in the tropics. The results 
of their assessments were made available to the countries in 
question to help formulate practical conservation programs. 

In 1990 The Society for Conservation Biology awarded 
Gentry its Distinguished Achievement Award. In 1991 he 
was one of ten “environmental problem solvers” to receive a 
prestigious grant from the Pew Scholars Program in Conser- 
vation and the Environment, which he used to further his 
work in tropical forest conservation. 

Professor Ghillean T. Prance, 
director of the Royal Botanic Gar- 
dens, Kew, said, “It is hard to 
think of Neotropical botany with- 
out Al Gentry, so great has been 
his contribution over the last 20 
years. At least, during his short 
life, he worked so hard and en- 
thusiastically that he achieved 
much more than most people do 
during a normal lifespan. It is 
also fortunate that he did not just 
collect field data but put much of 
it into a really important string of 
publications and books.... I have 
been in the field with Al and seen 
his enthusiasm and his skills with 
such things as extension poles to 
reach high into the trees. | also 
deeply appreciate his long asso- 
ciation with Flora Neotropica, 
which h d y for many years. His own enthu- 
siasm certainly also drummed up a lot of support for the 
Flora Neotropica project. Al will be sorely missed by all his 
colleagues.” 

Dr. Peter H. Raven said, “Al Gentry was absolutely relent- 
less in his work; he would never have been happy doing 
anything else. His work will endure and serve as an inspira- 
tion to each of us to make the most of our own opportunities 
to do the very best we can. We feel his loss profoundly and 
extend our deepest sympathy to his family.” 

Alwyn Gentry’s work lives on through his extensive work 
with graduate students. In 1991 he said in an interview with 
a Suburban Journals reporter, “If I've learned this much | feel 
I should share it. Training students also provides immortal- 
ity for me, especially in the Third World. If they come to 
know and care, maybe they can do some good.” 

Gentry is survived by his wife, Rosa Ortiz de Gentry, a 
botanist at the Garden; a son, Darrell Gentry; two daughters, 
Diane and Maria Liana Gentry; his mother, Goldie Gentry; 
and two sisters, Sharon McCaslin and Linda El-Dash. A 
memorial service was held at the Missouri Botanical Garden 
on August 20, 1993. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 3. 


YO 4 


& 


Tone 


ENVIRONMENT 


Missouri BOTANICAL GARDEN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY STATEMENT 


The mission of the Garden is to discover and share knowledge about plants and their 
environment, in order to preserve and enrich life. Accomplishing this mission depends on 
the responsible management and conservation of the world’s biodiversity. The quality of 
human existence depends on an environment that is healthful in all respects. For these 
reasons, the Garden places major emphasis on educating individuals to take responsibility 
for the overall quality of the environment. In addition, the Garden promotes public 
understanding of environmental issues locally, nationally, and internationally. 

Particular goals of the Garden’s programs are the conservation of biodiversity, sound 
horticultural practices, international understanding and action, and the responsible use of 
all resources. The Garden emphasizes these goals in its own activities and encourages 
individuals and other organizations to do so as well. 


With this issue of the Bulletin, we introduce a 
new feature, “You and the Environment.” 
These days it seems that, to paraphrase 
Charles Dudley Warner, “Everyone talks about 
the environment, but nobody does anything 
about it.” The Environmental Policy Statement 
above makes it clear that the Garden is doing 
something about it, through education and 
example. In each issue of the Bulletin, “You 
and the Environment” will show you what the 
Garden is doing, what it plans to do, and what 
you can do to help protect our natural heritage. 
ditor 


Integrated Pest Management 


Vistrors to the Climatron® exhibits often 
notice that plants are not the only living things 
on display; dozens of colorful zebra passion- 


nl 1 


wer Id p Pp 
and tiny midges dance in the late afternoon 
sunbeams. The presence of insects in the 
Garden’s display conservatories is the clearest 
indication that its pest control system is effi- 
cient, selective, and low in toxicity. 

Integrated Pest Management, IPM for short, 
is a commonsense approach to the war on 
pests. How does this apply to plant pests and 
plant health care? In this day when we are 
coming to realize that chemicals are no longer 
a cure-all against pests, it means using a multi- 

4 1 1 1 . . 


Yes, it does include careful use os chemical 
pesticides, but with sensible limitations and 
only as part of a larger pest control program. 
The goal, moreover, is not an artificially pest- 
free environment, but a balanced one, with 
pests controlled at a tolerable level. 

All of this requires knowledge of the 
insects involved and observant monitoring of 
their activities in your garden. There are 
many options; use them. A good IPM pro- 


4. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


gram should include nonchemical remedies, 
such as encouraging plant vigor and resis- 
tance through sound horticultural practices 
and use of resistant varieties; sanitation and 
mechanical removal; monitoring for early 

= £ 1 1 See a iy . f¢ t 


ments; careful timing of treatments; and use 
of biological control. 

Biological control means encouraging the 
pest’s natural enemies, such as predators and 
parasites, to do their job. Although you can 
add more predators to the battlefield by buy- 
ing them and releasing them, the first step is 
to allow the natural control agents in your 
area, the “balance of nature”, to function natu- 
rally. There are many species of “good” insects 
and tiny beneficial mites. These are working 
for you day and night, attacking pests, free of 
charge. Strong, broad-spectrum pesticides hurt 
these worse than they hurt the pests, with the 
result that pesticide applications often pro- 
duce resistant pests while eliminating natural 
controls in the area, resulting in periodic 
severe outbreaks of the pests, requiring more 
and more chemicals and furthering a “pesti- 
cide treadmill” that is hard to escape. 

Pesticide use should be environmentally 
conservative, that is, highly selective rather 
than broad-spectrum, or of very low toxicity 
and with little or no residual action. Chemi- 
cal usage should be rational, based on 
acknowledged need according to your scout- 
ing, not some predetermined schedule. Check 
for natural enemies first — do they have the 
battle under control? Treat only the one 
infested spot, not the whole area! Proper 
timing, or hitting the pest at the weakest stage 
* its life cycle, will maximize influence on 
. ART Oe a 


I ed for retreatment. 
In most cases, well-timed spot treatments will 
provide an acceptable level of control with 
a Re . 1 : yes 


rf 


nontargets, including humans. 
IPM is now the standard procedure in the 
A U ; j Dae | 


ao 


i & tt 
houses, and being devel 


the rest of the Garden. In the Climatron and 
Shoenberg Temperate House, for example, 
we have the usual range of indoor plant pests, 
including aphids, mealybugs, spidermites, 
broad mites, scale, whiteflies, and thrips. Our 
aphids are almost completely controlled by 
native braconid wasps (tinier than aphids, 
and stingless! ) and flower hoverflies that come 
in through the open windows each spring 
since we do not spray highly toxic pesticides. 
Among the biological controls purchased or 
collected and released are green and brown 
lacewings, which are dependable against any 
soft-bodied pest; Encarsia for whiteflies; four 
types of predatory mites for spidermites, broad 
mites, and thrips; minute pirate bugs for any 
small soft pest; mealybug destroyer beetle; 
four species of tiny parasitic stingless was 

for scale and mealybugs; Lindorus scale-eating 
beetles; and predatory midges for aphids. 
Occasionally, inundative releases of ladybug 
beetles have been used in single areas or on 
single large plants as emergency i 

it 


cation of any of the pests, but they are 
controlled at tolerable levels by IPM. Addi- 
tionally, our pest control budget is less than 

ore, the control is much better, and the 


F sg c reo > | tare 


1OL the SUALT alla Vioitul 
And the good bugs work twelve-hour days, 
seven days a week! —John MacDougal, Ph.D. 
Conservatory Manager 


New Bus Route to the Garden 


For the first time, people in north St. Louis 
city will be able to take a direct bus line to the 
Garden. On Monday, August 2, 1993, Br 
State initiated a new bus route that runs from 
Walnut Park to the the Barnes medical come 
plex in the Central West End, where It 
intersects with the new MetroLink light rail 
system. The bus line continues south from 
Barnes to the front door of the Ridgway Cen 
ter. Those interested in visiting the Garden 
from the airport or downtown can simply 
take MetroLink to the Central West End st 
tion and transfer to the 13 Union Botanical 
Garden line. 

The 13 Union Botanical Garden KOU 
gins at approximately 5:00 a.m. at Union ani 
Delmar and runs throughout the day. The 
last departure from the Garden is at 9:28 p.m. 
For information about fares, times, and soit: 
routes, please call Bi-State Development ee 
poration in Missouri at 231-2345. In Illinols, 
call 271-2345. 


RICHARD BENKOF 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Robert Kresko Is Awarded the 
Henry Shaw Medal 


T the meeting of the Board of Trustees on June 23, 1993, the 
A tase awarded the Henry Shaw Medal to Robert E. Kresko, a 
Garden Trustee who served as president of the Board from 1989 
to 1991. The Henry Shaw Medal, the highest honor bestowed by the 
Missouri Botanical Garden, was established by the Board of Trustees 
100 years ago. Named for the Garden’s founder, it honors those who 
have made significant contributions to botanical research, horticul- 
ture, conservation, the Missouri Botanical Garden, or the museum 
community. Since 1978 the Medal has been presented annually, 
lly at the annual dinner honoring major Garden donors; it is 
occasionally awarded at other times as well. 
Board president John K. Wallace presented the medal to Kresko. In 


Shown at the dinner, from left: Patty Bush; Donald Falk, former 
director of CPC; Peasy Love; Peter Raven; June Kummer; Andrew Love; 


Fred Kummer. 


Mrs. William H. T. Bush Is Honored 


ON JUNE 21, 1993, the Garden hosted a special dinner in honor of 
Mrs. William H. T. Bush and the many dedicated individuals who 
participated in the Center for Plant Conservation’s St. Louis Campaign 
for the National Collection. Mrs. Bush served as chairman of a local 
committee that raised more than $90,000 to endow 16 endangered 
plants in protective cultivation at the Garden. The Garden’s plants are 


Medal 


haw Medal to Robert Kresko 
(center) are Peter Raven asp and John Wallace. 


recognition of Kresko’s great contributions to the Garden, 
Wallace said, “Bob was elected president of the Board after 
serving as first vice president for several years under John 
Biggs. Bob's highly successful leadership has been consis- 
tently characterized by strength, sensitivity and flexibility.” 
uring Kresko’s tenure as president, the Garden went 
through a period of extraordinary growth and activity. 
The Garden completed a $20.4 million capital campaign 
and experts its programs to meet a COEDS pioneering 


for service while maintaining 
ity. It saw growth in attendance, with ‘memberships 
increasing by almost 5,000 households. The Garden 
brought the Center for Plant Conservation to St. Louis to 
make its headquarters here, and participated in a highly 
successful “debt swap for nature” with the government of 

Ecuador that generated more than $400,000 for expansion of botani- 
cal research in that country. The Garden undertook a study of 
community attitudes that has served as a basis for planning public 
programs and increasing service. The Board approved a Master Plan 
for future development of Shaw Arboretum and celebrated the centen- 
nial of the founding of the Garden’s Board and the 50th anniversary of 
the membership program 

In conclusion, Wallace said, “Bob has continued to serve us well 
and is now chairing the Building and Grounds Committee during a 
crucial period as we move ahead with the Partnership Campaign. He 
has been exceptionally helpful in securing the property at Shaw and 
Vandeventer for the new research building and in assisting with the 
selection of an architecture firm. 

“It is with sincere appreciation and genuine thanks for his support 
and his magnificent leadership that we present Bob Kresko with the 
Henry Shaw Medal.” 


part of the more than 400 species in the National Collection of 
Endangered Plants, which is maintained by the Center for Plant 
Conservation through a consortium of 25 botanical gardens and arbo- 
reta across the country. 

The St. Louis effort was the model for a larger campaign nationwide 
by committees representing the CPC participating institutions. The 
groups sought to raise endowment funds for the plants in their local 
collections. Their work was crucial to helping the CPC succeed in 
matching a $500,000 endowment challenge grant issued in 1988 by 
the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and which faced a June 1993 
deadline. The St. Louis committee surpassed its fund raising goal by 
$25,000. 

Committee members and donors were among the more than 50 
guests attending the dinner. Committee members included Mrs. Walter 
F. Ballinger, Mrs. George K. Hoblitzelle, Mrs. John Klein, Mrs. John E. 
Mackey, Mr. and Mrs. John McPheeters, Mrs. G. Rodney Miller, Mr. 
Lucius B. Morse III, Mrs. Thomas Ott, and Mrs. William E. Wiese. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of the Garden, said, “We are deeply 
grateful to the committee members and the many contributors whose 
generosity allowed us to complete the Mellon matching grant. The 
National Collection is the very heart of the CPC program and our 
stopgap against the extinction of some of this country’s most imperiled 
plant species. The support generated from endowment funds goes 
directly to maintain and expand this collection.” 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER /OCTOBER 1993 9. 


TIM PARKER 


Owl Is Rescued on Garden Grounds 


Last sprinG a gray-phase screech owl was found with a wounded wing on the 
grounds of the director’s residence by the Ravens’ daughter Katie, horticulturist 
Julie Hess, and Garden painter Doug Cullmann. The three rescuers took the owl to 
Barbara Addelson of the education division, who is an avid birder. 

Addelson arranged for the owl 
to be cared for at the World Bird 
Sanctuary. An X-ray revealed 
that the bird's wing was badly 
bruised but not broken. Sanctu- 
ary staffers Katrina Meshech and 
Carrie Lenhardt speculated that 
the owl had most likely been 
struck by a car, then flew into the 
Garden. After a period of reha- 
bilitation, the owl was released at 
the Garden on June 25. Screech 
owls may have one of two colora- 
tions, red-phase or gray-phase. 
Red-phase are usually more com- 
mon in this area, Addelson 
reports, but this year more gray- 
phase owls have been reported. 
“Screech owls are not rare in the 

. & F* St. Louis region, but we tend to 
Caryie Lenhardt of the World Bird Sanctuary releasing the be less aware of their presence 
séievi oud behind Cie Climate because they are nocturnal,” 
Addelson said. 


The gray-phase screech owl 


Horricutture Division News Interns Spend Summer at the Garden 


For Many YEARS the Horticulture Division has sponsored 
summer internships for students interested in horticul- 
ture. Usually the interns come from the St. Louis area, but 
this year the students came from all over the country. 
Summer interns get experience in every aspect of profes- 
sional gardening, from weeding, pruning, and watering 
outdoors, to greenhouse work, to administration. They 
also have an opportunity to spend the last two weeks of 
the program doing a project-of their own. One intern 
designed landscaping for the Garden’s apartment build- 
ing, and another combined her interests in horticulture 
and journalism by writing signs for the Garden and a fact 
sheet on vivariums. 

In the past two years the number of internships has 
expanded thanks to support from Monsanto Fund, which 
provides summer internships at the Garden to minority 
students majoring in plant-related studies at Lincoln Uni- 
versity. The Lincoln University interns this summer were: 
Kerrin Britton, a native of St. Louis pursuing a degree in 
agribusiness; Brian Harvey, a native St. Louisan working 
toward a degree in agriculture; Julius Minor, a native of 
Olivette, Missouri, pursuing a degree in natural resources; 
and Jason Spruiell of Jefferson City, Missouri, who is 
majoring in sociology. 


Front row, from left: Deborah McAdams, Kerrin Britton, Greg Schroer. 

Middle row: Jason Burney, Gail Shair, Jason Spruiell, Julius Minor, Brian Gnuse- 
Back row: Chris Hansen, Diane Brueckman, Bob Hopkins, Amy Seltzer, 

Brian Harvey, James Stevenson. 


continued on next page 


6. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1993 


Building Beautiful 
Things at the 


Arboretum 


at Shaw Arboretum find more than a shady spot 

to rest when they sit in the garden’s two new 
gazebos; they can delight in the beauty created by a 
master craftsman. Carpenter David Hicks has been on 
the staff of the Garden for over six years, the past three 
and a half spent at the Arboretum. 

Hicks had his own full time business making hand- 
crafted reproductions of 17th and 18th century furniture 
before he joined the staff, and he still builds furniture 
in his spare time. Meanwhile, the Arboretum benefits 
from his expertise and meticulous attention to detail. 
“This is a dream job for me,” Hicks said. “I live in 
Labadie, so I love the area, and I have always liked the 
Arboretum and the people who work here. Now they 
pay me to come!” 

Maintaining the buildings at the Arboretum is a full 
time job in itself, but Hicks puts in extra time doing 
special projects like the two gazebos. One is a formal, 
white pillared design, and the other is a charming, 
rustic design that utilizes the trunks of cedar trees as its 
columns. 

“The original concepts came from Environmental 
Planning and Design of Pittsburgh, who designed the 
wildflower area,” said Hicks. “John Behrer, the man- 
ager of the Arboretum, and I took their basic ideas and 
developed them. For instance, we wanted the rustic & 
gazebo to overlook the pond, so we designed and built the 
serpentine stone wall that supports it right at the edge of 
the water. I fabricated the moldings on the formal gazebo 
by adapting a design I found on the Manor House. We purchased the 
columns for the formal gazebo; everything else is my own work, 
including the standing-seam copper roof. 1 had never done one of 
those before, and it was interesting to learn.” 

Hicks also built the furniture on the porch of the Manor House and 
in the formal gazebo, and he has been busy drawing up plans for the 


Ve ORS to the new Whitmire Wildflower Garden 


INTERNS continued 
For years the Garden has found its summer interns through the 
American Association of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta (AABGA). 


g to 
bachelor’s degree in horticulture from Iowa State University; Bob 
Hopkins, earning a horticulture degree at Western Kentucky Univer- 
sity; Deborah McAdams, a journalism student from the University of 
Nebraska-Lincoln; Gregory Schroer, pursuing a degree in horticulture 
with emphasis on landscape architecture at the University of Missouri; 
Amy Seltzer, a horticulture major at New Mexico State University with 
an interest in genetics; and Gail Shair, a biology major at Trinity 
University, San Antonio, Texas. Other interns included Diane 

rueckman of St. Louis Community College at Meramec, who volun- 


David Hicks (left) and San Behrer enjoy the view from the rustic gazebo in the 
Whitmire Wildflower Garden 


interior and exterior woodwork on the Manor House, which is sched- 
uled for renovation. He is assisted by a skilled volunteer craftsman, 
Adam Donges, who works with Hicks almost every day. 

“Tm so lucky to get paid for doing what I love to do,” Hicks said. 
The Garden and the Arboretum are fortunate also, to benefit from the 
beauty created by the hands of a master craftsman. 


teered as an intern to fulfill a course requirement; and Jason Burney 
from Ball State University, who is earning a degree in landscape 
architecture. 

This summer, for the first time, there were two interns from South 
County Tech High School in St. Louis, sponsored by a federal program 
that includes work-study at the Garden this fall. The two students 
were Brian Gnuse, majoring in landscape maintenance and equipment 
operation, and James Stevenson, majoring in floral design and green- 
house operation. 

In addition to its summer interns, the Horticulture Division wel- 
comes foreign exchange students each year. These international 
internships last for six months to a year, and will be the subject of a 
future Bulletin article. 

BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 a 


ERAT 
Chinese Herbarium Specimens 
Arrive 


A stupment of 10,000 herbarium specimens 
from the South China Institute of Botany 
arrived at the Garden in late May. These 
dried plants, collected from 1930 to 1950, 
are the first installment of a large number of 
specimens that the Garden is acquiring from 
the People’s Republic of China (PRC). About 
100,000 specimens are expected to arrive 
from China this year. 

Relatively few herbarium specimens from 
the PRC can be found in collections outside 
of China. “The Garden is extremely 


CLIFF WILLIS 


David Brunner, herbarium supervisor + defi) 
and James Solomon examine some of the 
unusual Chinese specimens that just arrived. 


fortunate to acquire these plants,” said Dr. 
James Solomon, curator of the herbarium. 
“We owe the opportunity to the close 
relationships we have formed with Chinese 
botanical institutions over the years.” 

The acquisition represents the first time 
since the 1930s that a significant number of 
Chinese herbarium specimens has been 
made available to the west. It will make the 
Garden one of the world’s major centers for 
study of Chinese plants. The specimens will 
provide invaluable information for studies 
directly related to the Flora of China project 
and for many other studies of East Asian 
plants. 


Araceae Collection Receives Gift 


Tre Garden's living research collection of 
Araceae, or aroids, has received a major gift 
of plants from the private collection of 
Garden member Betsy Feuerstein of 
Memphis, Tennessee. Betsy has spent the 
last few years collecting Araceae in Ecuador, 
one of the most biologically diverse coun- 
tries in the world. Many of the donated 
plants are expected to be species new to 
science. 

The Garden’s aroid collection, with about 


3. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


RICHARD BENKOF _ 


RICHARD BENKOF 


VisITORS FROM MADAGASCAR -- A 

of Malagasy visitors came to the Garden 
this summer to work in the i 
Three technicians working on the 


for a seven-week training program. In 
addition, Jeanine Raharilala, a staff 
botanist at the Parc de Tsimbazaza in 
Antananarivo, Madagascar, was here for 
four weeks of training funded by the John 
D. and Catherine T. MacArthur founda- 
tion. Shown from left: Jeannie 


New STAFF — The int 


ernational makeup 
of the Garden’s Research Division is 
exemplified by Peter Jorgensen and 
Carmen Ulloa, who joined the research 
staff at the Garden last year. Jorgensen, 
who is Danish, is a specialist in the 


Passifloraceae (passion flower) family. 
He coordinates the Checklist of the Plants 
of Ecuador project, an international 
collaboration among the Garden, the 
Botanical Institute of the University of 
Aarhus in Denmark, the Ecuadorian 
Museum of Natural Sciences, and Catholic 
University in Quito, Ecuador. Ulloa, who 
is Ecuadorian, works on the Flora de 
Nicaragua project. The two met working 
in the herbarium in Quito, were married 
in Denmark in 1990, and earned their 
degrees from the University of Aarhus in 
1993. “It is a 
large scientific staff,” Ulloa said. 


6,000 living plants, is already the largest in 
the world. It has been developed over the 

past 25 years by Dr. Thomas B. Croat, P.A. 
Schulze Curator of Botany at the Garden. 

The new plants were temporarily stored 
outside in the greenhouse nursery area until 
they could be processed by Petra Malesevich, 
Araceae research assistant, and Jeffrey Lake, 
Araceae intern from Grinell College. The 
two wrote descriptions, took ea eae 
and prepared herbarium specimens. 

Betsy Feuerstein, Michael Chaille a oe: 
Powell, fellow aroid enthusiasts from 
Memphis, helped to repot and retag the _ 
plants before moving them into the collec- 
poise Chaille is the owner of Godwin’s 
Powell is a student at 
Shelby State oasis College. 

Dr. Croat said, “This contribution b 
Betsy Feuerstein is a very significant addition 
to the research collections of the Garden and 
will be very important in the study of 
Ecuadorian Araceae. It is the largest group 
of plants ever given to the aroid research 
program. We deeply appreciate the donation 
of these excellent plants and the selfless 
effort by Betsy, Michael and Ellen.” 


oo 
Garden Clubs Offer Landscape 
Design Course 


Octoser 4-6, 1993, the second in a series of 
annual Landscape Design Courses will be of- 
fered by the Federated Garden Clubs of 
Missouri, Missouri Landscape Design Critics 
Council, and the Garden in cooperation with 
the National Council of State Garden Clubs, 
Inc. The class will be held at the William T. 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening. Partici- 
pants need not have taken Course I to attend 
this year. The classes are intended for profes- 
sional horticulturists and home owners. 

e complete series of four courses will 
include a full range of landscape topics, from 
the problems of urban planning to selecting 
native plants for your own yard. Lecturers are 
all distinguished members of the horticulture 


" profession, including Dr. Neil Odenwald, pro- 


fessor of landscape architecture at Louisiana 
State University. Dr. Odenwald is co-author 
of the award-winning Southern Plants, serves 
as a consultant for Time-Life gardening books, 
and is director of the garden restoration at 
Melrose Plantation in Natchez, Mississippi. 
Attendance is limited to 70 persons. The 
course fee is $50; the fee for one day only is 
25. For complete information and a regis- 
tration form, please call (314) 532-3232 or 
(314) 993-1836. 


RICHARD BENKOF 


i= 


Award recipients at Volunteer Evening (from 
left): Alma Reitz; Ann Case; Peter H. Raven, 
director; Vernetta Skiles; Nancy R. Morin, 


N JUNE 22, 1993, the Garden paid tribute to its hundreds of 

dedicated volunteers with the annual Volunteer Evening 

celebration. Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, said, “We are 
gathering tonight to thank each of you for your gift of time and 
talent. It is impossible to overstate the importance of your contribu- 
tion to the Garden, for your efforts make it possible for us to fulfill 
our mission and our global environmental responsibility. It is a great 
pleasure to work with each and every one of you, and the entire staff 
of the Garden joins me in thanking you for helping to make this 
institution the very special place that it is.” 

Awards were presented to several individuals. Robert “Eric” 
Erickson received the Special Achievement Award, which honors 
volunteers who have performed critically needed research or a 
Special project. Eric has been a volunteer in the library for six years, 
where his knowledge of bibliography and the history of science has 
made the Annals, the Pre-Linnean and Linnaeana collections 
available to staff and other scholars. 

Case, Master Gardener of the Year, received the award for 
Extra Service Hours. Ann could easily have qualified for any of the 
award categories. In 1992 she gave 624 hours of service to the 
Master Gardeners and Garden Guides programs. She edits the 
Master Gardener newsletter, serves on the steering committee, works 
with the Plant Clinics, Plant Sales, and Speakers’ Bureau, and was 
elected co-chair of the Guides for the current term. 

The Commitment Award was presented to Vernetta Skiles for 
her meticulous work helping to maintain the dried plant collection 
in the herbarium. The Commitment Award honors volunteers who 
Conscientiously perform tasks that are not inherently rewarding; for 
the past fourteen years Vernetta has performed the essential task of 
€xamining every sheet in the collection to be certain it is correctly 
Stamped and numbered. 


assistant director; and Robert “Eric” Erickson. 


The Career Service Award is a new 
award that was created to recognize volun- 
teers who have made repeated an 
substantial contributions within a single 
division or in several areas of the Garden 
over a number of years. As the first recipi- 
ent, Master Gardener Alma Reitz was 
honored for her work with the Horticultual 
Answer Service. She was the first female 
“Answerman’”; in the past 17 years Alma has 
also worked with the Master Gardeners in 
plant sales and recruiting, and has served 
weekends in the Kemper Center. 

In addition, the following volunteers 
received Special Recognition: Claire 
DePalma, for a special project for the 
Controller's Office; Jim Turner, for his work indexing the Bulletin 
for the Library; Bill Betz, for entering tremendous amounts of 
information into the research database for the Flora of Venezuelan 
Guayana; Gerry Bickel, for her work with the public as a Master 
Gardener at the Kemper Center; Jim Gossum, for contributing his 
knowledge of the history of St. Louis to the archives and Tower 
Grove House; Iris Guenther, for ongoing work in plant mounting; 
Suze Stark, for her work in the Temperate House and with the 
Master Gardeners; Janet Dickey, for her work in the education 
program at the Arboretum; Al Loftus, for his curating of the 
Garden’s architectural drawings in the archives; and Irene 
Weisenhorn, for her work in maintaining the director's garden. 


Garden Guides Elect New Officers 


The Garden Guides have elected new officers to serve a two-year 
term, effective September 1993. The new officers are: co-chairs, Ann 
Case and Pat Bushman; secretary treasurer, Barbara Windsor; tour 
scheduler, Catherine Vanderpearl. 

The Garden Guides are a group of highly skilled volunteer 
docents who lead educational tours of the Garden for groups of all 
ages and interests. Tours can be arranged by appointment; public 
tours are given seven days a week from May through September, and 
on Tuesdays, Saturdays and Sundays in the winter months. Guides 
must complete a demanding training program and attend enrich- 
ment classes ten months of the year to keep their knowledge 
up-to-date. Currently the group has 81 active members, barely 
enough to keep up with the ever-increasing demand from schools 
and organizations throughout the community. 

If you are interested in the challenge of becoming a Garden 
Guide, please call Jeanne McGilligan at 577-5187. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER /OCTOBER 1993 9, 


: 


Few garden plants have the 
potential to yield as many 
rewards for the amount of effort 
expended as hardy bulbs. These 
bulbs have stored within 
themselves all the nutrients they 
will need to produce their first 
season’s growth and bloom. 
They are the essence of simplic- 
ity itself. All you really need to 
do is to plant them in a site that 
has good drainage, provide them 
with enough moisture to get off 
and growing, and sit back and 
await the results next spring. 
But what if you are the impatient 
sort, preferring not to wait for 
the arrival of spring? Once 
again, hardy bulbs are most 
accommodating. The forcing 
process allows you to bring 
them indoors, even as winter 
perseveres outside. 

The term “hardy bulbs” is 
used in this instance to refer to 
the so-called “major” spring 
bulbs such as tulips, narcissus 
' (including daffodils), and 
hyacinths. It also includes those 
“minor” bulbs such as crocus, 
snowdrops, grape hyacinths, and 
scilla. It does not include 
paperwhites and amaryllis, bulbs 
that are commonly forced using 


FORCING HARDY BULBS 


different methods from those 
described here. 

Forcing bulbs is a relatively 
simple operation once you 
understand the basic require- 
ments. Like other gardening 
projects, timing is a key to 
success. Since the object is to 
bring plants into flower several 
weeks before their normal 
blooming time, it’s important to 
get started as soon as the bulbs 
become available in fall. 

Bulbs will vary in size and 
quality. Generally speaking, the 
larger the bulb, the better the 
chance for success. Onl 
purchase sound, firm bulbs, 
avoiding those with soft spots. 
The papery white skin, or tunic, 
should be intact. Though we 
think of bulbs as being dormant, 
this is not so. They are very 
much alive and reactive with 
their environment. Avoid 
exposing them to high tempera- 
ture and humidity levels. 

There are four distinct phases 
to the forcing process. These are 
potting, rooting, transition, and 
flowering. The potting phase 
consists of planting the bulbs in 
any well-drained soil or soilless 
mix with a pH between 6.0 and 
7.0. Good drainage is a key 
element here, as you don’t want 
your bulbs to rot. It may be 
necessary to add lime to soils 
that are overly acidic. Choose 
soil types that are recommended 
for forcing. This information is 
often provided on the package 
label (or see accompanying 
chart). 

Any container is suitable as 
long as it has drainage holes and 
is at least twice as deep as the 
height of the bulbs being forced. 
Since bulbs have all the nutri- 
ents they need to bloom. they do 
not need rich soil for forcing. 
However, if you intend to plant 
them outdoors after flowering, 
enrich the soil with 5-10-5 
fertilizer applied at a rate of one 
teaspoon per quart of soil. Don’t 
overdo the fertilizer, however, as 
too much can injure the roots. 
An extra dusting of bone meal 
won't hurt. 


10. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


Fill the conta with 
enough soil so the tops of the 
bulbs are even with the rim of 
the pot. Add additional soil 
until the bulb tips are just above 
the soil surface, allowing at least 
one-half inch space for watering 
purposes. At this point the 
bulbs must be watered, either 
from the top, or by placing the 
pots in shallow pans of water 
until the soil surface is moist. 
The media should be kept 
uniformly moist throughout the 
forcing process. Excessive 
dryness may cause poor results. 

Next is the rooting phase, 
and this requires a cold storage 
area where temperatures can be 
maintained between 40 and 45 
degrees F for a period of 12 to 
16 weeks. Slightly cooler 
temperatures are acceptable, but 
the bulbs should not be allowed 
to freeze. 

Providing these conditions 
requires a little ingenuity, 
especially since bulbs are potted 
up in September and October, 
often before the onset of colder 
temperatures. However, the 
bulbs respond well to the 
gradual cooling that occurs 
outdoors as fall fades into 
winter. To minimize the heating 
effect from the sun’s rays, choose 
a shaded spot outdoors. The 
north side of a shed or building 
is ideal. The best places to put 
the pots for cold storage are a 
well-mulched outdoor cold 
frame, a cool root cellar, or 
buried outdoors in a prepared 
trench that is kept heavily 
mulched. If none of these 
options will work for you, try 
this method. Lay down a bed of 
sand or sawdust in a protected, 
shady site. Set the pots on top of 
the sand, and cover them with 
two to three feet of dry leaves. 
Place some wire or evergreen 
boughs on top to keep the leaves 
from blowing away. 

The average home basement 
is too warm for cold storage and 
will cause disappointing results 
if it is used. A spare refrigerator 
could be used as long as fruits 
are not stored there as well. 


Ripe fruits, especially apples, 
exude ethylene gas, which may 
affect the bulbs adversely. 

Throughout the rooting 
phase, the bulbs must be kept in 
complete darkness, but they will 
need to be watered regularly if 
they become dry. After a 
minimum of 12 weeks, the pots 
will have filled with roots, and 
shoots will have sprouted an 
inch or two. 

The bulbs are now ready for 
the transition phase. Pots 
should be moved to a semi-dark 
area with some light, where 
temperatures range about 50 to 
60 degrees F. This will allow the 
pale shoots to green up gradu- 
ally and continue to elongate. 
Depending on conditions, this 
may take four to 14 days. 

Pots can then be brought into 
full sun and warmer tempera- 
tures until the flower buds 
appear. Once the buds open, a 
longer flowering period will 
result if bulbs are kept out of 
direct sunlight, free of draughts 
and where temperatures remain 
on the cool side: Spent blooms 
should be removed as they fade, 
but leave the foliage intact. 
Forced bulbs can be planted 
outside when the weather 
allows, or gradually dried off, 
stored for the summer an 
planted in the ground in fall. 

With just a little attention to 
detail, few gardening projects 
will result in as much satisfac- 
tion as forcing the seasons 
indoors with hardy spring bulbs. 

— Chip Tynan, 
Horticultural Answer Service 


Kemper Center for Home 
Gardeni 


Open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 
daily. 


The Plant Doctor is avail- 
able 10 a.m. to noon and 1 
to 3 p.m. Monday through 
Saturday. 


Admission to the Kemper 
Center is free with regular 
Garden admission. 


Recommended Varieties for Forcing 


Dutch Crocus: Use nine- 
centimeter or larger bulbs. 
Flower Record’ (lavender) 
Jeanne d’Arc’ (white) 

‘Peter Pan’ (white) 


‘Victor Hugo’ (lavender) 


Hyacinths: Use 17/18 and 18/ 
19 centimeter bulbs for earliest 
forcing. Purchase bulbs that are 
specially prepared for forcing. 
‘Amsterdam’ (re 

‘Anna Marie’ (pink) 

‘Carnegie’ (white) 

‘Delft Blue’ (blue) 

‘L'Innocence’ (white) 

‘Ostara’ (blue) 

‘Pink Pearl’ (pink) 


Iris reticulata: Use six- 
centimeter or larger bulbs. All 
cultivars are suitable; however, 
‘Harmony is the best. 


Muscari armeniacum: Use 
nine- or ten-centimeter bulbs. 


Narcissus: Use DN I or DN II- 
sized bulbs. 


Large trumpets 

‘Dutch Master’ (yellow) 
‘Explorer’ (yellow) 
‘Golden Harvest’ (yellow) 
‘Mt. Hood’ (white) 
‘Unsurpassable’ (yellow) 


‘Carlton’ (yellow) 

‘Flower Record’ (white with 
range cup) 

‘Ice Follies’ (white) 

‘Yellow Sun’ (yellow) 


S cuppe 
Barrett Browning’ (white with 
orange cup) 


Double cupped 
Bridal Crown’ (white perianth 
with orange center) 


Miniatures 

February Gold’ (yellow) 

Jack Snipe’ (white perianth with 
yellow trumpet) 

Peeping Tom’ (yellow) 
Tete-a-Tete’ (yellow) 


Tulips: Use bulbs that are 
twelve centimeters and larger. 
Tulips are listed by their color: 


Red 
‘Bing Crosby’ - Triumph tulip 


‘Charles’ - Single early tulip 
‘Paul Richter’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Prominence Triumph tulip 
‘Ruby Red’ - Single early tulip 
‘Trance’ - Triumph tulip 


Pink or Rose’ 

‘Blenda’ - Triumph tulip 

— Single late tuli 
‘Christmas Marvel’ - Single early 


tulip 
‘Gander’ - Single late tulip 
‘Preludium’ - Triumph tulip 


Yellow 

‘Yellow Present’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Golden Melody’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Kareol’ - Double early tulip 
‘Monte Carlo’ - Double early tulip 


White 

‘Hibernia’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Pax’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Snowstar’ - Triumph tulip 


Lavender 
‘Attila’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Prince Charles’ - Triumph tulip 


range 
‘Orange Monarch’ - Triumph tulip 


pricot 
‘Apricot Beauty’ - Single early 
tulip 


Bicolored Red and White 
‘Leen van der Mark’ - Triumph 


tulip 
‘Lucky Strike’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Merry Widow’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Mirjoran’ - Triumph tulip 


Bicolored Red and Yellow 

‘Abra’ - Triumph tulip 

‘Golden Mirjoran’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Kees Nelis’ - Triumph tulip 
‘Thule’ - Triumph tulip 


Source: The Netherlands F lowerBulb 


Information Center 


TReecere eae se & 
The Garden has several tel pt j sah) 
to assist you. 

GardenLine __ 577-9400 
24-hour | 


hours, admission and directions.Outside area code 
314, call 1-800-642-8842 toll free, 24 hours a day. 


HorticulturalAnswerService (314) 577-5143 
Monday through Saturday,9:00 a.m.tonoon. Master 
Gardeners - on hand to answer your the wg 
questions. A e Satur- 
day hours ia through February. 


cee hme (324) 11¢-8ea 


wih a touch tone ‘telephone. You will need a bro- 


to use the service; you may request a brochure by 
calling the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at 
(314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily. Plants in 
Bloom at the Garden is updated weekly. Press 3 


when you call HortLine. 

Master Composter (314) 577-9555 

9 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. Specially 
. JRA an j es al + your 


1 j 


After hours leave a message and your call will be 
returned.: The Master Composter program is sup- 
ported by the Monsanto Fund. 


Bulb Forcing Time Table 


Name Weeks of Weeks to 
Cold Bloom 
Amaryllis / Hippaestrum none 6to8 
Chiondoxa luciliae 15 23 
Crocus chysanthus 15 23 
Crocus vernus 15 2 
Eranthus hymemalis 15 2 
Fritillaria meleagris 15 3 
Galanthus nivalis 15 2 
Hyacinthus prepared 10-12; 2-3 
unprepared 11-14 = 2-3 
Iris danfordiae 15 23 
Iris reticulata 15 3-3 
Muscari armeniacum 13-15 2-3 
Muscari botryoides var.album = 14-15 23 
Narcissus 15-17 23 
Narcissus tazetta / Paperwhites none 35 
Narcissus tazetta var. orientalis none 3-5 
Scilla tubergeniana 12-15 25 
Scilla siberica 15 2-3 
14-20 2-3 


Tulipa 


Source: The Netherlands FlowerBulb Information Center 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1993 11. 


SEPT/ 
OCcT 


1993 


september 4-6 
saturday, sunday & labor day 


1993 Japanese Festival -- 


“Flowers, Water, and Trees” 

9:30 a.m. to 10 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center 
and grounds. Come to the 19th annual 
Japanese Festival and experience the beauty, 
fascination, and excitement of the culture of 
Japan. From the opening procession to the 
candlelight walks in the Japanese Garden 
each evening, there are activities and 
entertainments for every age and interest. 
For a complete schedule of events see the 
Sunday Post-Dispatch Everyday section on 
August 29 and September 4, or call the 
GardenLine at 577-9400 (1-800-642-8842) 
24 hours a day. Regular Garden admission: 
tickets may be required for some events and 
a modest fee may apply. 


2.2 

Free Walking Tours 

1 p.m. daily through September; 1 p-m. on 
Tuesdays, Saturdays and Sundays begin- 
ning October 1. Meet the Garden Guides at 
the Ridgway Center ticket counter rain or 
shine for a fascinating tour of the Garden 
grounds. Guides are knowledgeable about 
all aspects of the Garden, including the 
architecture, history, horticulture, natural 
sciences, sculpture and trees. Free with 
regular Garden admission. 


SR esas 
Members’ Days 


september 8 wednesday 
Exhibit: “Rain Forest 
Diaries: Watercolors 


from Costa Rica” 
Opening Reception: 5:30 to 8 
p-m., Monsanto Hall. British 
artist Tony Foster will present a 
talk on his explorations and 
paintings of the pristine 
wilderness of Costa Rica. The 
exhibit will be on display 9 a.m. 
to 5 p.m. daily, through 
September 26. Regular Garden 
admission. 


september 11 & 12 
saturday & sunday 


Men’s Garden Clubs 
Show 

Noon to 5 p.m. Saturday, 9 a.m. 
to 5 p.m. Sunday, Orthwein 
Floral Hall. The Greater St. 
Louis Men’s Garden Clubs 
present a complete horticultural 
display including roses, veg- 
etables, fruits, house plants, 
cacti, and home canning. 
Regular Garden admission. 


september 16-19 
thursday-sunday 


Fall Plant Sale 

Members’ Pre-Sale: 9 a.m. to 6 
p-m., Thursday and Friday. Sale 
opens to the public: 9 a.m. to 5 
p.m., Saturday and Sunday. 
Orthwein Floral Hall and 
Garden Gate Shop are filled with 


september 16 thursday “How To Rejuvenate Your Lawn” 
10:30 a.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. A slide lecture by Dr. John 


cience Fellow Program, who teaches 


Monsanto. Free, for members only. Seating is limited. 


october 17 sunday Autumn Cider Walk at the Arboretum 


10 a.m. to 2 p.m., Shaw Arboretum. 


3/4-mile hike on wooded trails lined wi 
Stop by the Trail House for a cup o 


Soe ee 
12. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


a huge selection of bulbs, plants 
and gifts for the gardener. 
Members receive 20 percent 
discount, all four days. See page 
19 for details. 


september 18 saturday 
Lehmann Building Open 


House 

10 a.m. to 2 p.m., John S. 
Lehmann Building. Take 
advantage of a special opportu- 
nity to see what goes on behind 
the scenes at the Garden’s 
research facility. Visit the rare 
book collection, the Shoenberg 
Book Conservation Center, and 
the herbarium, where research 
staff will be on hand to explain 
plant mounting, botanical 
illustration, the computer 
database, and more. Regular 
Garden admission. 


september 18 saturday 
Grand Opening: 
Mullanphy Botanical 
Garden Investigative 


Learning Center 

Opening Ceremonies: 2 p.m.; 
open house from noon to 3 p.m. 
St. Louis Public Schools and the 
Garden are collaborating on this 
new elementary magnet school. 
Tour the renovated facility, 
including the new science 
laboratories, greenhouse, and 
restored formal garden. Live 
music and presentations mark 
the occasion. 4221 Shaw 
Boulevard. 


september 19 sunday 
Daylily Association 
Plant Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Ridgway 
Center. The Missouri Botanical 
Daylily Association holds its 
annual sale of plants from the 
Garden’s daylily collection; all 
proceeds benefit the Garden. 
Come early for best selection! 


september 25 & 26 
saturday & sunday 


Dahlia Flower Show 
Noon to 5 p.m. Saturday, 9 a.m. 
to 5 p.m. Sunday, Ridgway 
Center. Exhibitors from the 
seven-state Midwest Dahlia 
Conference put on a spectacular 
display. Regular Garden 
admission. 


october 1-31 
Exhibit: “A Heaven in a 
Wild Flower” 


9a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Monsanto 
Hall. The Garden kicks off its 
participation in the fifth annual 
Australia Week in St. Louis with 
an exhibition of watercolors by 
Australian artist Beryl Martin, in 
collaboration with the Austral 
Gallery of St. Louis. Australia 
Week is sponsored by the 
Australian American Chamber of 
Commerce. Regular Garden 
ion. 


admission 


october 2&3 
Saturday & sunday 


Historic Shaw Art Fair 
10 a.m. to 6 p.m., Flora Place 
and Spink Pavilion. Eighty 
artists display their works. 


october 3 sunday 
“Best of Missouri” 
Market 


10 a.m. to 5 p.m., grounds. See 
page 14 for details. 


october 4 monday 
Artist’ Talk: 

Beryl Martin 

7:30 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
Beryl Martin will present a slide 
lecture about her work on 
display at the Garden. Free 
tickets are required and available 
from the ticket counter in the 
Ridgway Center beginning 
September 1. 


october 2 saturday / grand opening 
The Ecology of U.S. Agriculture: 
Past, Present, and Future” 


1 am., Ribbon Cutting Ceremony, Brookings Interpretive Center. 
The exhibit will be open 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through the 
summer of 1994. A pictorial history of American agriculture, 
organized jointly by the Garden, University Extension, and the 
University of Missouri College of Agriculture, Food and Natural 
“sources. Discover the evolution of modern food production and 


i 


ts impact on the environment. Visitors will learn about 


A etal achievements, problems, and potential solutions 
ae visual displays, computer presentations, and hands-on 
activities. Free with regular Garden admission. 


october 23 saturday -- november 14 sunday 


Fall Flower Show 


9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Orthwein Floral Hall. Journey back to an 
old fashioned rural market scene. Carts heaped with produce, a 
country market stand, and an old tractor and plow form a 
charming background for the spectacular harvest display of 
chrysanthemums, sunflowers, celosia, flowering kale, 
amaranthus, ornamental grasses, corn, pumpkins, gourds, apples, 
colored foliage and seed heads in a glorious profusion of autumn 
color. See October 22 for the Members’ Preview Party. 


october 5 tuesday 
Australia Cruise 


Travelogue 

7:30 p.m., Spink Pavilion. A 
film on cruising to Australia and 
the Pacific Rim, presented by 
Travel Design, Royal Cruise Line 
and the Australian Tourist 
Commission. Free reservations 
are required; call 576-0727. 


october 7 thursday 
Film: “Strictly 


Ballroom” 

7:30 p.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. A hit Australian comedy, 
winner of the Prix de la Jeunesse 
at the Cannes Film Festival. 
$1.50 members; $3 non- 
members. 

october 22 friday 
Members’ Preview: 

Fall Flower Show 

5 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
Members get an advance look at 
the first Garden flower show of 
the winter season. Entertain- 
ment, cash bar. Dinner buffet 
will be available at the 
Gardenview Restaurant; Garden 
Gate Shop will be open. Free, 
for members only. 


october 23 & 24 


saturday & sunday 


Fall Lily Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Ridgway 
Center. The Mid-America 
Regional Lily Society hosts its 
annual fall bulb sale. 


october 30 thursday 
Town Hall Forum: 
“Agricultural 
Sustainability” 

9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. 3:30 to 5:30 p.m.: 
Open panel discussion with 
Dr. Peter H. Raven. An all-day 
program of workshops and 
seminars brings together rural 
and urban people to discuss 
ethical, environmental, and 
safety issues involved in the 
production and consumption 
of food. Local and nationally 
recognized speakers will 
discuss public policy, agricul- 
ture business, biotechnology, 
animal issues, water quality 
and soil. The program will 
conclude with an open panel 
discussion moderated by 
Garden director Peter H. 
Raven. Free admission. 


re Be see sr Nl le a ee ere TT CIS ees » 
BULLETIN SEPTEMBER /OCTOBER 1993 13. 


Second Annual 


“Best of Missouri” Market Ga 
Sunday, October 3, 1993 pis 


10 a.m. to5 p.m. Hee 
Admission: $2 per person for Garden members; $6 per person for the ; 


public (includes admission to the Garden); free to children under 12. 
$1 of every admission fee will go to support local flood relief. 


Sponsored by: Commerce Bank of St. Louis; Premier Homes; Boatmen's National 
Bank of St. Louis; St. Louis County Farm Bureau; Missouri Soybean Association; and KIX 104. 


whe te 


tse 


we twin 


ENTERTAINMENT 


} Displays 
Country & Western Music Soybean and Corn Growers, 

in Cohen Amphitheater _ Missouri Department of Conserva- 
featuring the Starlighters _ tion, County Farm Bureau, antique 
from Branson, Missouri _farm machinery & more! 


ESPECIALLY FOR Kips 
Petting Farm, Pumpkin Carver, 
Belgian Horses, Mother Earth, 
Captain Soybean, Missouri 
Mules & more! 


Foop Missouri SPECIALTY GROWERS tthe 
Brats, Barbecued Pork Loin, Deep Fried Bowood Farms, Clarksville : : nt 
Missouri Catfish, Slaw, Potato Salad, Hamilton Seeds eiere 
Sandwiches, Pastries, Soft Drinks & Beer Missouri Wildflowers Nursery, Jefferson City -+ - : - 
Nicholson Bonsai Studio, St. Louis - ' : 
PRODUCE CrarFts ceeee 
stextScobte pees Sauder are peers of 
nis aa selenide Pottery “SIGNATURE COLLECTION” geee 
is egetables illow Furniture eee 
Herbs Sata. Garden Accessories Ne eae 
— Mushrooms Carved Wooden Birds ; 400 plants propagated from the : 
oaps Wines Hand-Spun & Woven Fabrics Garden grounds, greenhouses, and 
Nuts Baked Wooden Boxes the Arboretum, includin 
: ig many 
Candies Goods Clay Tile native Missouri species 
Meats Relishes Dried Flowers, Wreaths 
Honey Pickles Decorative Ironwork ae 
Cider Gourds Handmade Furniture: 17th & SPECIAL ENTRANCES 
Cheeses _ Gift Baskets 18th Century Reproductions There will be four admission 
5 Adoee Missouri Wildflower Jewelry entrances to the Market and to 
Candles & More the Garden: the corner of 
Alfred & Magnolia; Magnolia 
Plus—The Historic Shaw Art Fair oo ee ee reine 
Geir 263 Spink Pavilion on Tower 


80 artists exhibit along Flora Place, 


14. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


10 a.m. to 6 p. 


m. both days 


Grove; and the main entrance 
on Shaw. For more convenient 


parking, arrange a car pool! 


ne eee 8 
A eet eRe 
ok he 
cS eee 


tes 


sold out! 


eee 

1992 Annual Report 

The 1992 Annual Report of the Missouri Botanical Garden is available 
on request. To obtain a copy, please call (314) 577-5120 or write the 
Development Office, Missouri Botanical Garden, Post Office Box 299, St. 
Louis, Missouri 63166-0299. You may also obtain a copy in the lobby of 
the Administration Building, 2345 Tower Grove, Monday through 
Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. 


ne 
New Smoking Policy = The Garden has implemented a 
_— Policy prohibiting smoking in all Garden buildings, 
including the Gardenview Restaurant. Visitors are asked to 
refrain from smoking outdoors on Garden grounds as well. 
a ae 


Left: Last year 
crowds thronged 
the tent with the 


Market will be set 
up in three big 
tents to provide 
plenty of shopping 
room. Come early, 
because last year 
the merchandise 


This year the 
Market will be 
bigger and better 
than ever, with 
lots of new things 
to see and do. Be 
sure to visit the 
pumpkin carver 
and the petting 
farm! 


Scenes from Best of Missouri” 1992 


Left: Bluegrass and country music set toes tapping. 
Above: A genuine Missouri Mule was an honored guest. 


Commerce pank 


‘ tt 
"Best of Missourl 


AY, OCTOBER 11 aeasniee aT | 
eo Ee. Boar we. 1 


cna 


1993 MEMBERS’ TRAVEL PROGRAM 


Exploring the Sea of Cortez 
and Baja California 
NOVEMBER 12 to 26, 1993 


Tu fabled Sea of Cortez, with its 53 mostly uninhabited islands, is a 
haven for species of plants and animals found nowhere else in the 
world. Our tour will explore these waters in the luxurious Yorktown 
Clipper, a 138-passenger cruise ship with a shallow draft and great 
maneuverability that allows exploration into areas that larger ships 
could never attempt. The expedition will be led by a staff of naturalists 
who will enhance your understanding and appreciation of the won- 
ders you will see. Frequent trips ashore are made possible by a small 
fleet of Zodiacs, motorized rubber landing craft that can be launche 
to explore remote beaches and secluded islands. | | 

For more information on our special voyage to this unspoiled part 


of the world, please call Brenda Banjak at (314) 577-9517. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 15. 


EE 


New Field Science Grants at Litzsinger Center 


The Litzsinger Road Ecology Cen- 
ter has awarded the first grants 
under its new Field Science Grant 
Program. The program encour- 
ages field ecological research by 
students and seeks to involve 
more teachers and their classes in 
hands-on, investigative field study 
in ecology and natural history. 
Currently, four proj have been 
funded. 

Carolyn Schneider, a graduate 
student at Saint Louis University, 
is studying the interaction of two 
species of aphids that feed on a 
plant species of goldenrod grow- 
ing in the prairies at the Litzsinger 
Road Ecology Center. Since the 
two species live together, they 
compete in the same habitat for 
food. The project will help deter- 
mine how one species might effect 
the survival of another species. 

Heather Seeman and Steve 
White, both undergraduate biol- 
Ogy majors at Saint Louis 
University, and Jessica Mitchell, 
from Hazelwood East High 
School, are studying the basic bi- 
ology of the lined snake, a 
common Missouri species found 
throughout the St. Louis area. 
These students will be establish- 
ing a colony of snakes in an 
enclosed area on the prairie, and 
will investigate the species’ growth 
rate, longevity, population struc- 
ture, daily and seasonal cycles of 
activity, mating behavior, and re- 
lationships to temperature, 

Jeff McKinney is a graduate 
student at Washington University. 
He will study how prairie plants 
that grow together are able to 
compete and survive in the same 
place. Specifically, Jeff will study 
a species of Senecio, a member of 
the sunflower family. 

ris der, a student at 
the University of Missouri-St. 
Louis, will investigate the ways 
that milkweed plants defend 
themselves against insect preda- 
tors through the production of 
chemicals, and thereby become 
resistent to those insects. 

The Litzsinger Road Ecology 


Center, operated by the Garden’s 
Education Division, has initiated 
a number of innovative outdoor 
environmental education pro- 
grams for children and teachers. 
“The Field Science Grant Program 
allows us to accomplish two im- 
portant goals,” says Dr. Larry 
DeBuhr, director of education. 
“First, the projects funded will 
help us better understand the bi- 
ology and ecology of the Litzsinger 
Road Ecology Center site. Sec- 
ond, the projects will serve as 
useful models that can be used 
for lessons with other students 
and teachers during future edu- 
cation programs. Future 
involvement of students and 
teachers in real time research 
projects will help to increase their 
level of understanding and inter- 
est in science and ecology.” 


New Aquatic Ecology 
Program 


Tranks to grants of $20,000 from 
the Allen P. and Josephine B. 
Green Foundation and $16,500 
from the Environmental Protec- 
tion Agency, the Garden has 
initiated a coordinated program 
in aquatic ecology and water qual- 
ity environmental education. This 
program will develop resources 
and materials for use at the Gar- 
den and by teachers in schools 
throughout the state and country 
for many years into the future. 
Through the Education Divi- 
sion, the Garden has taken a lead 
in educating children and teach- 
ers about aquatic ecology and 
water quality. Since St. Louis is 
located at the junction of impor- 
tant rivers, including the 
Mississippi, the Missouri, and the 
Meramec, preservation of aquatic 
ecosystems is particularly impor- 
tant. Maintaining the biodiversity 
and health of wetlands in the 
future requires a clear under- 
standing of the importance of 
these critical habitats by St. Louis 


16. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


children and adults today. There 
are six components to the overall 
project: 

Curriculum Development: 
An instructional curriculum for 
use by grades 4-8 is being devel- 
oped and tested. The instructional 
units will include lesson plans, 
activities, and background science 
information to help classroom 
teachers teach aquatic ecology and 
water quality. 

Material Kits: A new Suitcase 
Science kit will be developed for 
loan to teachers. This kit will 
include the materials and supplies 
needed to teach the lessons in the 
curriculum. 

Stream Ecology Journal: 

A “Stream Ecology Journal” for 
use by teachers and students has 
already been completed. This 
project will assist in the printing 
and dissemination of copies of the 
booklet to teachers and schools. 

Teacher Training: A series of 
summer workshops will train 
middle school teachers to use the 
curriculum materials and Suitcase 
Science kits. 

Classes for Children: 
Through the Henry Shaw Acad- 
emy, 12 and 13 year old children 
can participate in a year-long 
stream ecology program. Many 
of the materials developed for this 
project originated from the Henry 
Shaw Academy, and will, in turn, 
be useful for future classes at the 
Garden. 

Computer Network: The Gar- 
den is one of 90 sites connected 
by computer with the Technol- 
ogy Educational Research Center 
in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 
This computer network allows 
students from all over the nation 
to share data and information col- 
lected through field classes with 
other children. This year the Gar- 
den is serving as a “leadership 
site” for aquatic ecology projects. 

The generous contributions 
from the Green Foundation and 
the EPA have allowed the Garden 
to increase its effectiveness in 
teaching children and adults in 
St. Louis about one of our most 
important ecological resources. 


With this understanding will 
come better management and 
stewardship of aquatic habitats as 
today’s children become adults. 


Professional 
Development for 
Teachers 


For the first time this summer, 
the Education Division at the Gar- 
den has offered a comprehensive 
program of professional develop- 
ment for teachers. Teachers from 
as far away as Kansas City, who 
are teaching at all grade levels 
from kindergarten through senior 
high school, participated in a va- 
riety of programs. Instruction for 
the programs occurred at the Mis- 
souri Botanical Garden, the Shaw 
Arboretum, the Litzsinger Road 
Ecology Center, and in Belize in 
Central America. 

In June, 12 senior high school 
teachers spent a week at the 
Litzsinger Road Ecology Center 
studying “Field Methods in Eco- 
logical Investigations” with Dr. 
Judith Bramble. In addition to 
learning important ecological con- 
cepts, participants were also able 
to learn about methods and tech- 
niques they can use with their 
students. 

In late June and early July, 20 
middle school teachers partici- 
pated in the Garden’s “Ecology of 
Aquatic Environments” class. 
This program, jointly sponsored 
by the Environmental Protection 
Agency, the Litzsinger Road Ecol- 
ogy Center, and the Missouri 
Botanical Garden, introduced the 
teachers to a new curriculum de- 
veloped by the Garden's 
Education Division, and taught 
the teachers about aquatic envi- 
ronments in Missouri. 
Participants in this program in- 
cluded teachers from Kansas City, 
the Columbia area, south central 
Missouri, and from throughout 
metropolitan St. Louis. Partici- 
pants were enthusiastic and the 


continued on next page 


Trail Maintenance in 
Jamaica’s Blue Mountains 


cademy Explorer Field Study Program had an ex- 
citing new focus this year. Following the program’s 
philosophy of giving back in appreciation of an experi- 
ence, participants devoted an afternoon and morning to 
repairing erosion damage along the Jamaican Blue Moun- 
tain Peak Trail. This addition to the already prehensi 
field trip was the result of months of planning between 
Missouri Botanical Garden Education Division and the 
Blue Mountain Park Department. 

Students Erin Davis, Katrina Dlugosch, D’Arcy Meyer, 
Laura Saxton, Amanda Schulte, Paul Shearon, and Keith 
Watson, together with instructors Jeff DePew and Jennifer 
Gleason, were the first i ional volunteers to perform 
a service project in the newly created park. The 193,000 
acres of steeply inclined tropical mist forests was 
purchased in 1991 largely through donations from the 
Nature Conservancy. Presently, just 10 rangers of the Blue Mountain / 
John Crow Mountain Conservation Department patrol the area. 
| Traveling to such a remote location in Jamaica was time-consum- 
ing. On June 24 the MBG group left the Hofstra University Lab Site at 
> a.m. to travel by bus to a high mountain town called Mavis Bank. 
From there, students and instructors crammed into a small Land 
Rover for the winding 1-1/2 hour trip up to the trail head. 

Using shovels and pick axes, students worked for the rest of that 
day and the morning of the next day. Organized in small groups, they 
filled in eroded areas and rerouted water paths. Several small trees 
were cut down with machetes to create stair steps along the trail in a 
section called Jacob’s Ladder. 

Participants kept a sharp eye out for streamertail hummingbirds 
and the endangered swallowtail butterflies Papilio homerus, which are 
endemic to the Blue Mountain area. It was also a rare chance to 
€xamine tropical mist flora, such as mountain mahogany, blue mahoe, 


Oh a: final class /field trip for the 1993 Henry Shaw 
A 


TEACHERS continued 


only di . 
ti 


ppointm ent was the can- 
cellation of a field trip to the 


evaluate instructional strategies 
and activities that allow them to 


Meramec River because of flood 
Conditions. Barbara Addelson and 
Lydia Toth were in charge of this 
workshop, and were assisted in 
teaching of course by Jeff DePew, 
Susanne Reed, and Dr. Larry 
DeBuhr, 

Also in July, 20 elementary 


a Participated in “Ecology 
or Teachers”, a two-week course 


Were able to practice, discuss, and 


help students in their classrooms 
learn about nature and ecology. 
Sandra Rode is coordinating this 
class. Barbara Addelson, Lydia 
Toth, Dr. Judith Bramble, and Dr. 
Larry DeBuhr helped teach the 


course. 

In early August, middle school 
teachers participated in a work- 
shop on “Exploring Ecology 
Through Inquiry.” This work- 
shop helped the participants to 
learn about the successful Eco- 
Inquiry program operating at the 
Litzsinger Road Ecology Center. 
Eco-Inquiry is a full-length ecol- 
ogy curriculum for middle school 


orchids and bromeliads. Students also visited 
with Rastafarian people carrying burlap sacks 
of onions and coffee to town markets. 

The MBG group spent the night in a bunk- 
house at the ranger station after hiking to an 


elevation of 6,000 feet. 


There, they were 


on the Jamaican 
Blue Mountain 
Peak Trail. 


rewarded with a hot dinner and exceptional 
views of the tropical Blue Mountains at dusk. 

Jeff DePew, coordinator of the Henry Shaw Academy, has taken 
students to Jamaica to study marine and tropical ecosystems for the 
last 12 years. He hopes to continue the Blue Mountain service project 
and expand it to three days next year. 

The Henry Shaw Academy Explorer Field Study Program is for 
students ages 15-18 years old. The program is entering its seventh 
year at the Missouri Botanical Garden. For information contact Jeff 


DePew at 577-5135. 


grades that has been tested and 
implemented by the Missouri Bo- 
tanical Garden. Elizabeth Peterson 
and Sarah Coppersmith, who are 
Eco-Inquiry teachers, presented 
the workshop. 

Finally, a group of adventur- 
ous teachers, including a retired 
college professor from Kansas, 
participated in a course on “Tropi- 
cal Ecology of Belize.” This 
program included a two-day 
workshop at the Garden, followed 
by an eight-day trip to Belize. 
During the trip to Belize, the 
teachers studied tropical habitats 
and past and present Mayan cul- 
ure. Visits were made to pine 
savannas, rain forests, mangrove 

BULLETIN 


~ 


swamps, and coral reefs. Follow- 
ing the trip, participants again 
assembled at the Garden for two 
days. During the post-trip work- 
shop, teachers learned ways to 
incorporate their new experiences 
and knowledge into their own 
teaching. Dr. Larry DeBuhr led 
the trip to Belize, and Lydia Toth 
and Barbara Addelson helped to 
design and present the workshops. 
This summer at the Garden 
was a busy time for teachers. But 
the real work for these individu- 
als began when they returned to 
their schools this fall with new 
ideas, activities, and methods for 
teaching ecology and environ- 
mental science. gy 
SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 17. 


RICHARD BENKOF 


“Gardens Come 


To You” 


A ew procram of the Samuel D. Soule 
Center at the Garden offers older adults the 
Opportunity to enjoy the beauty of nature 
even when they cannot visit the Garden 
itself. With support from a $2,000 grant 
from the Arts and Education Council in 
1992, the Garden has developed an exciting 
new outreach program called “Gardens 
Come To You.” This summer three pilot 
workshops were offered at 30 community 
centers. 

Each 90-minute presentation includes a 
hands-on project. “Botanical Illustration” 
presents a slide show of artists’ interpreta- 
tions of plants through history and includes 
a drawing workshop. “Color In Nature” 
demonstrates the effects of color on people 
and plant pollinators, and participants make 
a decorative nosegay or corsage from flowers. “Sumi-e, or Black Ink 
Painting”, is a restful, relaxing Japanese art form that emphasizes 
shapes and gestures rather than precise reproduction of objects and 
encourages participants to experiment with traditional drawing 
materials and techniques. 

“Gardens Come To You” was developed by the Garden’s Educa- 
tion Division in response to suggestions solicited from community 
organizations and agencies that serve older adults. The advisory 
group praised the Garden’s programs offered through the Soule 
Center, but emphasized the need to offer programs to people where 
they live. The Garden education staff prepared kits for each of the 
new outreach programs, and trains, supports and schedules a group 
of Master Gardeners who present the workshops in senior centers, 
The positive response to the pilot programs this summer has been 
very strong, reports LaNor Maune, project coordinator, and more 
workshops will be offered this fall. 


_< 


Shown beneath the arbor, from left: Temperate House horticulturist 
June Hutson, Mrs. Pettus, and John MacDougal, conservatory manager. 


18. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1993 


Master Gardener Janet Rosen teaches Sumie-e to a group at the OASIS Center at the 
Famous-Barr store in downtown St. Louis. 


The Garden has always encouraged participation and involve- 
ment by older adults. In 1984, the Garden received an initial gift 
from the family and friends of Dr. Samuel D. Soule to establish 
programs for older visitors, and the Garden began offering daytime 
workshops in horticulture, cooking, and crafts, plus special tours of 
the grounds. Slide presentations were offered to groups meeting off 
the Garden grounds. By 1991, Soule Center presentations reached 
2,200 older adults annually. 

In addition to Gardens Come To You, the Garden has expanded 
its programs for older adults with Senior Days, which feature small 
workshops, displays, reduced admission and free tram rides. The 
Soule Center publishes events flyers and an attractive semi-annual 
brochure that lists all its programs, including workshops, Grandpar- 
ents’ Days, holidays, trips and tours. Participation in the Samuel D. 
Soule Center for Older Adults is open to all age 65 years and older. 
For more information, please call 577-9506. 


The Arbor In All Its Glory 


Ten species of vines cover the arbor with a rich variety of foliage. 
Climbing hydrangea, Decumaria barbara, is known as a rooter, 
displaying conspicuous roots that bury themselves in crevices. The 
rare bay-star vine, Schisandra glabra, is a grasper/twiner with stem 
tips that spiral around supporting structures. In summer, evergreen 
wisteria, Millettia reticulata, displays dark purplish flowers that smell 
of cedar and camphor; six-leaf stauntonia, Stauntonia hexaphylla, 
produces very fragrant white male flowers and purplish female 
flowers on separate plants. 

“It has been a delight to work with Mrs. Pettus,” said John 
MacDougal, manager of the Climatron and Temperate House. “We 
are very grateful to her for making this beautiful and unusual feature 
possible.” 


| Education Division Sponsors Nature 


A Gardener’s Guide to Plant 
nservation _ Expeditions 
by Nina Marshall | 
SHOP Published by World Wildlife Fund and _ Panama: Crossroad of the Americas 
TT The Garden Club of America 


1993 Fall Bulb Sale 


Members’ Pre-Sale: 

Thursday & Friday, September 16 & 17 
9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 

Public is invited: 

Saturday & Sunday, September 18 & 19 
9am. to 5 p.m. 


Give your garden a headstart on next year 
with a visit to the Shop’s annual Fall Sale. A 
special display in the Orthwein Floral Hall 
features an enormous assortment of spring 
blooming bulbs with everything you need, 
from bulbs for naturalizing, to new varieties, 
to bulbs for indoor forcing, to colorful hardy 
mums. The Garden Gate Shop has a fine 
selection of garden accessories, gifts and 
books. Members receive a 20 percent 
discount on all merchandise, all four days. 


Paperback, 184 pages, $12.95 


Eacu year, retail nurseries and mail order 
catalogues tempt gardeners with a colorful 
array of flowering and exotic plants, from 
Mediterranean bulbs to native wildflowers. 
Few people realize that these plants often are 
threatened species illegally taken from the 
wild. To help the concerned gardener know 
what to buy and what to avoid, World 
Wildlife Fund, in association with the 
Garden Club of America, has published The 
Gardener’s Guide to Plant Conservation. 
Specific chapters on bulbs, terrestrial 
orchids, North American wildflowers, and 
carnivorous plants are presented in an easy- 
reference format and provide the gardener 
with information about each species, its 
place of origin, and the extent to which it is 
cultivated. This book is highly recom- 
mended by the Garden’s Horticultural 
Answer Service as a timely and important 
reference book for all gardeners. 


Missouri Botanical Garden Calendar 


1994 Garden Calendars 


Theyre HERE! The new Missouri Botanical 
Garden Calendar for 1994 is available in the 
Shop and more beautiful than ever, with all 
new color photographs by Jack Jennings. 
T ¢ 16 x 12 inch poster-size calendar is 
Printed on recycled paper. 

This is Jack Jennings’ 13th calendar for 
the Garden. To create his extraordinary 
mages of exquisite beauty, he visits the 


Garden almost every day, in all types of 


weather. Jennings’ photographs capture the 
ephemeral beauty of the changing seasons 
with their cycles of growth and bloom, 
preserving the timeless spirit of the Garden 
for all who cherish it. 

The 1994 Calendar includes a handsome 
poster featuring the Rubiaceae family and 
the Garden’s research program. It is 
available in the Shop or by mail (see form at 
right) for $10.95 plus postage. Members 
receive their usual ten percent discount. 


| January 16 to 26, 1994 


Join Dr. Larry DeBuhr, director of the 
Garden’s Education Division, for an exciting 
trip to Panama, a focal point of biodiversity 


_ ona tiny land bridge between two continents 


and two vast oceans. Experience lush cloud 
forests, lowland rain forests, and native 
Indian cultures, from the lush epiphytes on 
the slopes of Baru volcano to the medicinal] 


| plant trail at Pamasky Nature Park. 


| Belize: Heartland of the Maya 


February 4 to 15, 1994 

Journey to the land of natural wonders and 
ecological diversity that nurtured the 
magnificent Mayan culture, led by Garden 
education staff members Barbara Addelson 
and Lydia Toth. Belize supports over 500 
species of exotic birds, 250 varieties of 
orchids, iguanas, howler monkeys, and is on¢ 
of the last wild refuges of the elusive jaguar. 


| From the misty, pine covered mountains and 
| dense jungles filled with crystalline rivers and 
| cascading waterfalls, to the world’s second 

| largest barrier reef, Belize offers an unforget- 


table expedition. For brochures and 
reservations, please call (314) 577-5140. 


1994 Calendar Order Form 

Please send me Missouri Botanical Gar- 
den Calendars at $10.95 each plus $3.50 postage 
per address. Add $1 for each additional calendar 
sent to the same address. To mail outside the 
continental U.S. call (314)577-9581. 


AMIE." ee 
Address Se 
City : State Zip 


Telephone___. on 
Enclosed is my check for $ 
payable to: Missouri Botanical Garden 
Please charge:Visa/MC No:. 
Exp) date ee Se 
Name as it appears on card: 
Mail to: Garden Gate Shop 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
P.O. Box 299 
St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 


amc, 
? 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER /OCTOBER 1993 


TRIBUTES 


MAYe JUNE® 1993 


Miss Anna Abrams 
Don and Beverly Abrams 
nd Mrs. Macy Abrams 

Mary Frances Sudholt 
Mr. and Mrs. William Altschuh 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 
Mrs. S. L. Anderson 
Mrs. Harold en Dubinsky 
Mrs. Helen tine 
Mrs. sae Schumm 

: Bergman 
Miss Karen Bergman 


Laura Mae Cassel 
Susan 
sen Brown 
and Mrs. Melvin Burkart 

"8 foe Mrs. beings R. Harris 
Charlene B 

Mr. and Mrs. Weicily R. Harris 
Mr. and Mrs. Christopher 
Byrnes 
Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph Freedman 

Byrnes 


ym 

Miss Sarah Van Cleve and Family 

Mr. Dan Cohen 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 

Dave and Martha Cornfeld 

Mr. and Mrs. Ronald G. Mueller 
emins 


Mr. and Terry Dietz 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Kratz 
Mr. an Lloyd Dixon 


Mr. and Mrs. Lyle S. Woodcock 


Mr. and Mrs. Louis Henry Fricke 
Miss Patricia A. McCormick 

Jessica Friedlander 

Miss Sarah Van bes and Family 
Mrs. Audrey Friedman 

Mr. and ia ei <i are 

Dr. and Mrs. Milton Fujita 

Dr. and Mrs. Arnold #4 Goldman 


Mr. and Mrs. Solon Gershman 
Sunny Glassberg 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 
Mr. Solon Gershman 
Alan and Nancy Stein 
d Mrs. Robert Goldstein 
Mrs. Mildred G. Mellman 
Greg and Sally Guandolo 
Bryan Close 
Mr. and Mrs. Clark Hall 
Mary Frances Sudholt 


Mrs. Louise Harris 

Ms. Rose Mary Meyer 

Marge and Marvin Harwood 
Mr. and Mrs. — H. Schiller 
Lewis M. 


Mr. and Mrs. ia ie Cook 

Mr. Peter Hochschild 

Dr. and Mrs. Franz U. Steinberg 

Jane Johnson 

Mr. rm Mrs. Warren M. Johnson 

Rt. William A. Jones Jr. 

Diocese Missouri The Episcopal 
Church 


Dr. and Mrs. Lawrence Kahn 
Alice and Jack Chasnoff 

Mr. and Mrs. Morton M. Hartz 

Dr. and Mrs. Maurice J. Keller 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. King 
Dorothy Moo; 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Rosenheim 


Dr. and Sherman Kaplan 
Martin and Louise Smith 
Dr. John L 


Mrs. Lillian Simpson 

Miss Susan Kelter 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 
eryl Kootman 


Randee Blum 

Katherine Marie Kreienkamp 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. Sher 
Mr. John James Lancia 
Hal Tzinberg Family 

Tom Leech 


Dr. and Mrs. Robert W. oo 

Ida and Jerry 

Mrs. Myra Blumentha 

Mr. and Mrs. Alan Fleischman 

Mrs. Melvin Goldman 

Mr. and Mrs. Jack Goldstein 

Dr. and Mrs. Milton Jasper 

Mr. and Mrs. Herb Ribstein 

Mr. Howard Lesser 

Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. Barken 
erome Lewin 

Mrs. Jean S. Bloch 

Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Molos 

Mr. and Mrs. Chuck Francis 

Dr. Patti Nemeth 

Dr. and Mrs. M. W. Friedlander 

Andy and Eileen Orlet 


Pete and Kay Koronis 


Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. George 
Mrs. Virginia Polen 
Mrs. Mae Anderson 
Mrs. Helen H. Bland 
Mrs. Louis Ponciroli 
Mrs. Doris K. Grattendick 
Mrs. Louis Putzel 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Prins 
Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert Rosenthal 


20. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1993 


Mrs. Frederick mapP 

Mrs. Elaine W. Ern: 

Mr. and Mrs. Slaton Fischer 

Dr. Peter H. Raven 

Mr. and Mrs. Hugh M. F. L 

Mr. and Mrs. a Laney 
Mrs. Garn 

Mr. and Sek senna Mayr 

Rising Star Missionary Baptist 
Church Pastor, Deacon/Mother 
Board 


Br. and Sis. Will Anderson 

Br. and Sis. Lamar Brew 

Br. and Sis. Willie Brooks 
ollins 


Br. and Sis. James Crues 
Br. and Sis. Dan Dorsey 
Br. and Sis. James Easter 
Br. and Sis. Robert Easter 
Br. and Sis. Jerome Fields 


Br. and Sis. Kevin ie 


Mr. Ch 

Mr. and Mrs. John T. Loire 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas 

Mrs. John M. Fa, 
Shirley and Joe Rosenbaum 

Jeff Balkin 

Randee Blum 

Mrs. Lois Ross 


Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Ellen Schapiro 
Miss Sarah Van Cleve and Family 


and Mrs. Henry Schlapp 
Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur 


Mrs. Abraham Schultz 
Mary Frances Sudholt 
Jeanne Shuchart 
Dorothy and Sam Rosenbloom 
. Singer 


Mr. Daniel E. Schiele 
Mr. and Mrs. John Skramstad 


Garden Club of America — 
Scholarship Committee 
. Tom K. Smith Jr. 
Monday Bridge Group and Spouses 
Mrs. Julia W. Te 
Ms. Sharry Solomon 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 

Mr. and Mrs. Marvin Steinber. 
Dr. and Mrs. Robert S. Mendelsohn 
Dr. Arlene Stiffman 

Rabbi Jeffrey Stiffman 

Carol and Paul Gusdorf 


T 
Mr. and Mrs. Martin Galt III 
Mr. and Mrs. Gary D 
Mr. and Mrs. Ronald ity ene 
Mr. and Mrs. John Naylor 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Rogers 
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Taylor 
Mr. James G. Thompson 
ie and Mrs. Ralph A. Herzmark 
and Mrs. Bruce R. Yoder 
ject oenjes 
Mr. and Ms. Damian Gerard 
Mrs. Charles L. Tooker 
Garden Club of America — 
Scholarship Committee 
Mr. and Mrs. E. Turner 
Sunny oo. 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Waites 
Mrs. R. Sea: 
Mr. and Mrs. Allan A. Hunin 
Mr. and Mrs. Clarence A. Webb 
Mrs. Arthur Epstein 
ew and Benjamin Webster 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. Sher 
Mr. and Mrs. Leon Zeve 
Mr. and Mrs. Allen R. Burstein 
a 


Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Putzel 

Miss Helen Roberts 

Miss Ruth Roberts 

Ruth M. Schicker 

Mr. and Mrs. Saul S. Zeve 
Zotos 


Sappington School — 
Staff and Faculty 


IN MEMORY OF 


Mrs. Jane Andersen 

Mr. and Mrs. Clifford E. Lecoutour 
Mrs. Virginia B. Rainer 

Miss April Arnold 

Mr. and Mrs. John P. Kiske 

Arthur J. Aston 


Agnes Aston 
Jim Aston 


Margaret Aston 


Shian 
St. Louis Children’s Hospital — 
Medical Staff 

Mrs. Margaret Bierman 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Mrs. Dee W. Eades 
Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert G. Early Jr. 
Mrs. Leona Blanke 
Mrs. Clarence ois 
Robert L tner 
Mr. and Mrs. hee M. Qulick 
Diane Clara Bloomquist 
Family — Friends 
Mr. Linus Bohnert 
Mr and Ms Robert D. Rich 

m George Boxdorfer 
hs, Betty A. Melby 

Leah Brannon 
Yellow Freight - Dock Hands 
is Bridges 


Mr. John Eirten 
P 


Mrs. Peggy Brust 
Mrs. Alijda Barendregt 


George H. Buchanan 

Mr. and Mrs. Jon R. Greene and 

Family 
Charles Burnett 
Mr. and Mrs. pean Freeman 
Mrs. Jam 
Dr. and oy bane Bozoian 
Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Walther 
Mrs. Eleonor Campbell 
Alijda Barendregt 
Mrs. Alita Z. Canis 
Bill Cook 
a Faigen 

Wendy Faigen 

Bob and Wendy Ginsburg 


Mr. A. Carr 
Mr. John K. Wallace Sr. 
dney Carter 
Ms. Martha Gersten 
- Matthew Chicklo 


Mr. and Mrs. — Gaskell Sr. 
Coa 


. Virginia 
Mr. and Mrs. Jerome om ONeil 
Mrs. Melba Cohen 


Mr. G. Donald Culberson Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. William G. Bowman 


tit tlie ieee tag gS = ; 


Mrs. J. C. H 

Mr. and Mrs. Leon U. Jameton 

Ms. Jo Mercer 

Mr, and Mrs. Brian Thomas 

Mr. and ea ora Wylan 
Mr. John Davidson Jr. 

Mrs. aay pri Hl 

Mrs. Patricia Bushman 

Mrs. C. A. Case Jr. 

Alice L. Cochran 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 

Dr. and Mrs. Morris Davidson 


Mrs. Sheila S.M 
m W. Reece 


Missouri ‘seni Garden Guides 
seley 


Peter H. Raven 
Mr. and Mrs. precede Schott Jr. 

Mrs. Doris C. Schu 

Harriot and Parker aaa 

Mr. and Mrs. Bruce R. Yoder 

Richmond E. Dawson 

Mrs. Carolyn Dawson 

Nicholas Dordoni 

St. Louis Children’s Hospital — 
NICU Staff 

Mrs. Carol Dorris 

Mr. and Mrs. James W. Guth 

dna Duff 


Mrs. E 

Mr. and S Gary Weil 
Mr. John i 
Susan Barri 


Mr. and Mrs. ce Biggerstaff 
Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Jack Boc 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Boles 
Mr. and Mrs. William Brackman 
Bill and Marie Chandler 
Mrs. Terry Conway 
Mrs. Virginia Copp 
Mrs. Ruth Dickman 
Mrs. John D. Dulz 
Doris Fairgrieve 
Mrs. LaVerne Faser 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald F. Graveman 
Mrs. Nadean H. Hirth 

Mrs. 


Miss Harriot H. ‘Hii 
Virginia E. Jacks 
Mrs. Donald Le a 
Helen and Jiggs Maniloff 
Meramec Schoo 

and Mrs. Dennis D. Portwood 
Ruth A.R 


Mr. and E. Andrew Z. Richardson 


Mr. and Mrs. Melvin Schnurman 


Audrey, Russell, Sandra Wortham 


Mr. Richard D. Dunlo: 
Del and Walter Thilking 
R. Dye 


Bouvier Kelly Inc. 


Mr. and Mrs. Peter Parsells 

Pazur Family 

Mrs. Norma M. Silber 
elyn Dye 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Busking 
Esther Schneider Epp 
Mrs. Geraldine ih Smith 
. Alberta Eva 


Mr. and Mrs. phoma H. Lamack 
Grandpa Joe Fadem 
Friends at Nehmen-Kodner 
Alma Farkas 
Mrs. Arlene Bishop 
Mrs. Muriel M. Forbes 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack R. Bodine 
cent Freeman 
Ms. Elizabeth Halpin 
Mr. Charles E. Fritsche 
r. and Mrs. Edward L. Faith 
Katherine French 
General American Life Ins. Co. - 
Officers and Associates 
Mr. Kenneth J. Haack 
Judge Robert Hoester 
Mr. and Mrs. M. Alexander Jones 


Tacony Corporation 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles B. Wright 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Willard Wright 
Mr. Fulghum 

Garden Appreciation Club 

Mr. Esmond Gebhardt 


Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur 
Mrs. Richard Chomeau 

Mr. and Mrs. John C. Felker 

Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 
Mr. S. E. Freund 

Mr. and Mrs. George A. Goddard 
Mr. and Mrs. John C. Heisler 

Mr. and Mrs. F. Desmond Lee 
Sally and Edward Limberg 

Mrs. Elizabeth Meier 

Mr. and Mr.s Robert F. O’Connell 
Mr. and Mrs. W. Anderson Payne 


Mr. and Mrs. Leo A. Steck 

Dr. and Mrs. James R. Wiant 
Mr. Richard Groff Sr 

Mrs. Elizabeth Adamie 

Mrs. John C a 

Mrs. Warren C. B 

Father of Ms. Lovell Haller 
Page One 


continued on next page 


BULLETIN JULY/ AUGUST 1993 21. 


continued 


Mr. and Mrs. Edwin F. Hamma 
Miss Sue Rogovich 
Mrs. Mildred R. Harrelson 
Ms. Ethel F. Eckles 
D. Haw 
Dr. and Mrs. Bob Hartman 
Hayden 


Mr. and Mrs. Peter A. Gleich 

Mrs. Richard Hellman 

Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer 

Mr. Carl R. Helms 

Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 
eman 


Mr. Steven Nissenbaum 

Mr nald Hite 

Miss Rosemary Woodworth 
Father of Dr. Peter C. Hoch 
Dr. and Mrs. Peter H. Raven 
Mr. Elmer Hoenig 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert Harrison 
oltz 


Dr. Milto 

Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 

Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Mrs. Alice H. Kahle 


Harriet and Tom Tobin 
William Kelly 


Mr. Robert F. Inglefield 
ilton H. Jasper 


Mrs. Trudy Seise 


Mr. and Mrs. Terry Taryle 
Mr. Edward Korn 

Dr. and Mrs. Michael H. Glines 
Mrs. Della M. Kresko 


Mr. and Mrs. Vern Anderson 

Mr. and Mrs. Clarence : Barksdale 
Mr. and Mrs. Parker B. Condie 

Mr. and Mrs. ‘Theodore - ig Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph J. Gaz 

Mr. Vincent L. George 

Mrs. Hedwig Hammer 

Mr. and Mrs. John Kalafatich 

Mr. and Mrs. Peter B. Krombach 
Lucy and Clyde Marks 

Mr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Chae Mueller 

Linda L. Muelle 

Nooney Krombach Com 

Mr. and Mrs. William R. Jr. 


Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg Jr. 


Tom Shutt 

Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack E. Thomas Jr. 
Trammell Crow Associated 
Companies 

Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. - McDonald Williams 
Mr. and Mrs. R Wo 

Mrs. Mable K. Kurrus 
tr and Nancy Barendregt 
Mr. arendregt 


Sunny Glassber. 
Mr. Gideon H. Schiller 
f Jane Y. Lah 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles S. Coyle 
Sophia Lochner 


Ms. Lynn K. Silence 

Mrs. Marjorie T. Loeb 
Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer 
Jim Loewenstein 


Dr. and Mrs. Maurice Green 
Mrs. Katherine Barnes Long 
Mrs. Walter L. Brady Jr. 
Dr. and Mrs. Murray E. F 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Caan 
Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 
Mr. and Mrs. H. Ivis Johnston 
Mrs. Carolyn Martin 
Mrs. John J. Powers 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Thompson II 
Mr. David L. Mackey 
Dr. Ferdinand B. Zienty 
David Mackey 
Linda Mack 
White Pine Garden Club 
ilford Mandel 
Mrs. Mac H. Mandel 


Mrs. Rosalie Mango 
Richard and Diana Deebe 
axwell 

Mrs. John L. Davidson Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. H. — Walz 
Mr. Bruce Mc er 
Mr. and Mrs. a Kranzberg 
Wallace E. McGrath 
Ed and Jan McGrath 
Mr. Bill McKelvey 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack L. Widener 
Mrs. Vicki McKenna 
Mr. Robert P. Tschudy 
Mr. Raymond Mc ley 
Mr. and Mrs. Rudy Hubacek 
Mr. Harold “Sweeney” McTeer 
Ms. Betty Jane Kramer 

Matthew B. and Michael L. 

ie Mellitz 

Mrs. Harold W. Dubinsk 
Father of Stephany Mendelsohn 
Mr. and Mrs. Brent F. Stansen 
Mrs. Polly Mesker 
Dr. and Mrs. Henry G. Schwartz 


6 
22. BULLETIN JULYY/AUGUST 1993 


Mr. David L. Miller 
Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
Mrs. Jessie Miller 
Mrs. Elaine W. Ernst 
- “ea 


Mrs. 
Mrs. Marie Witscher 
Mr. Joseph Molner 
St. Louis Horticultural Society 
Mrs. Winifred C. Morris 
Mrs. Christine A. Merlotti 
ia P. Mullen 

Ms. Liz Feeney 

Mrs. Jose whe Nardi 
Zita Cain and Family 
The Dillman Family 
Mrs. Alberta Nash 
Dr. and Mrs. Harry T. Duffy 
Mrs. Barbara Naumovich 


Ms. Lynn K. Silence 
Ellen Oates 
George, Ruth Ann, Laura Herron 


Mrs. Viola Pfeil 

Mr. and Mrs. Clyde . er 
. Roland Pichet 

oer sare A ie Mecatery 


ae ia rei 


hrer 

Mr. and Mrs. John Fanger Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Peter B. ne 
Mr. and Mrs. asi 
Mr. Gus C. Thym 
Dr. Pro bst te 
Millie Wolff 
Mr. Joseph Pulitzer Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brookings Smith 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 
Marie Radazo 


Dr. and Mrs. Carl Baker 
Mrs. Florian 


S. Reilly 


Mr. John F. Reilly 


Mrs. Geraldine Oberman 
Mrs. Dorothy W. Smith 
Mr.Paul G. Ochterbeck 
Mrs. Russell H. Doerner 

el Otto 
Mrs. Carol C. Bitting 
Mr. and Mrs. Van-Lear Black III 


Mr. and Mrs. west caer Phelan 
Mr. and M 

Mr. and af eu i Streett 
Mrs. John K. Wallace 

Mr. George A. Patee jr. 


Dave Anzalone 


Dr. and Mrs. Maurice J. Keller 
Mr. Past k 


Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon Sandmel 
Mr. Gideon H. Schiller 


Mr. Rezn 
Mr. and Mrs. George B. Hagee 
- Bonna Rice 


Mr. and Mrs. P. Ray Swank 
Deane H. Rogers 
a David Bernoudy 
r. and Mrs. Walker Flint 
een C. Kelle 
and Mrs. bei S. Plumb 
as and Jefferson Rogers 
wn and Country Speakers Club 
illiam B. Roller 


Mrs. E. C. Pronko 
Mrs. Marie Witscher 

Ann C. Ryan 
Mr. Don Heil 


Emi Sakamoto 
Dr. and Mrs. Toshihisa Sakamoto 


Mr. and Mrs. de M. Miller 

Mrs. Yetta Shapir 

Mrs. Ruth teria 

Mrs. aeraaryeh — 
a ~ oe 0 E.A 


Augus 
sais Group, Inc. 


Mr. og Joseph H. Bascom 
Belz Fami 
Jack and. iy Biggs 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert R. Cave 

Dr. and Mrs. James T. Chamness 
Mr. and Mrs. Norman B. Champ Jr. 
Miss Adelaide Cherbonnier 


Mr. and Mrs. Bertram B. Culver Jr. 
Dr. Harold M. Cutler 
Mr. and Mrs. John M. Drescher Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom §, Eakin Jr 
Mr. and Mrs. Barney A. Ebsworth 
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. sae oe 
Mr. and Mrs. Rumsey E 
Mr. and Mrs. Lucien R. ee yie 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Frazer Jr. 
Mr. Charles W. Freeman 
Natalie Freun 

r. R. Lee Funsten 
Garden Club of St. Louis 

and Mrs. David L. Gardner 

Hager Famil 
Mr. and Mrs. William Guy Heckman 
Mr. and Mrs. ae sf ieee Jr. 
Higginbotham Bro 

Mr. and Mrs. ee te 
Mrs. Stella B. Houghton 
Mr. and Mrs. James H. Howe III 
Mrs. Jack A. Jacobs 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry O. Johnston 
Mr. and Mrs. Harold T. Jolley 
Sen. A. Clifford Jones 
Mr. and Mrs. Edwin S. Jones 
Mr. and Mrs. W. Boardman Jones 

n 


Mr. and Mrs. a A. Leschen I 
Robert L 

Mr. and i Edward A. Limberg 
Mrs. Carl E. Lischer 

Mr. Douglas B. MacC 


Steve and Jane Mitchell 


Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein Jr. 


Mrs. Jean M. Pennington 
Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Peters 
ts. A. Timon Primm III 
Hon. and Mrs. John - Pritzlaff Jr. 


Besnie Schla 


Scudder 
Mr. and Mrs. Glenn W. Sedgwick 


Dr. and Mrs. William G. Sedgwick 
Mr. and Mrs. Satin eas 
Mrs. John M. Shoenbe 

Harriot and Parker ‘nich 


Mr. and Mrs. nt K. Wallace Jr. 
Mrs. Edward D. Weakley 
Mr. and Mrs. Rolla K. Wetzel 


Mr. and Mrs. George P. Whitelaw Jr. 


Mrs. Alicia P. Withers 


d 
Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Brakebill and 
Family 
Mr. and Mrs. H. oe 
Mrs. Robert H. Kittn 
ieee 

Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Monterosso 

ia Si 


a 
Mr. and Mrs. Raymond O. Davis 
Mr. Don Singleton 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Hugh Rogers 
Mrs. David Walker Skinner 
Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
Mrs. erine P. Star 
Mrs. Carol Beisbarth 
Mr. and Mrs. Quintus L. Drennan 
alll K. — and Fam 
James Fitz 
and Mrs. Maciom R. Forrester 

ros Club of St. Loui: 
Mr. James W. Geissa 
Mr. Joseph B. Glossber 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert T. Hensley Jr. 

lage 


Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C. eae 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. White 
Mrs. Nan T. Stout 

Mrs. Edith Brining 

Mrs. Walter F. Brissenden 

Mrs. Edward P. Ellis 

Mrs. Adolph K. Feinberg 


Dr. Salen H. + oth 


Miss Mercedes E. Nitzschmann 
Ms. Janica Plowman 
Mr. and Mrs. Stephen W. Rule 


Mr. and Mrs. Forrest E. Wharry 
Miss Bertha Yackel 


Mr. Carl Strausman 

Mr. and Mrs. Matthew W. Fagan 
Ms. Marie Swann 

Alex, Marty, Christine Berra 
Ose ard Swanson 


Mr. and Mrs. George B. Sloan 
Grandmother of 

Mr. and Mrs. Matthew Symonds 
Mr. Steven Nissenbaum 

Mr. James L. Tetrick 

Clayton ran Club #4 

Juda J.D 

Mr. anal R Thelecke 


Mrs. Hild ilking 

Bill and Bette Thies 

Col. Decosta Thomas 
(Ret.) 


Mr. and Mrs. John J. Kustura 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard F. Weinstock 
Earlean, Sister of Mrs. Nancy 
Thomas 


Mrs. Judy Siegel 
Mrs. Maude McKelvey Tobin 


Sister Jane Hassett 


Miss Adelaide Cherbonnier 
Mrs. John L. Davidson Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. George B. Hagee 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard K. Morse 
Mr. and Mrs. Jackson J. Shinkle 
Bertha Trok 


Don and Sharon Cunningham and 
Family 
Laura Struckhoff and Family 
a Tullock 


Deborah Bloomer 
Gregory Brough 
Mr. Shawn Ure 
Mrs. Jack E. Krueger 
allandin: 
Colonial Bank - Officers and 
mployees 
tthew Samuel Velders 
Jean Leonhardt 
Mr. Fred Vogler 
Mr. and Mrs. Bernie Funk 
Mr. Carl T. Warner 
Mr. and Mrs. Rodney Schury 
th H. Watkins 


Uti Pieters~Gray 
Gerald C. Watson 

Jim and Rosalie Cooper 

Josette and Jere Hochman 

Mrs. Fred Wehrle 

Ms. Fran Bergmann 

Mrs. Jo Ann Wellinghoff 

Joe and Barbara Sander 

Martin, Louise, Barbara Smith 

es Wolverto 

Henry Shaw Cactus Society 

Mrs. Cleo Wycoff 

Ms. Ethel F. Eckles 

Mr. Fred Ziwot 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Brakebill 


Se 
BUAKU OF 


Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. 
President 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. 
The Hon. Freeman Bosley, Jr. 
Mr. Stephen F. Brauer 
Mr. William H. T. Bush 
Mr. Parker B. Condie 


Mr. M. Peter Fischer 
Mrs. Sam Fox 
Mr. Samuel B, Hayes 
The Hon. Carol E. Jackson 

Mr. David W. Kemper 
Mr. Charles F. Knight 
Mr. Charles E. Kopman 
Ms. Carolyn W. Losos 
Mr. Robert E. Kresko 


Dr. Helen | 
The Rt. Rev. Hays H. Rockwell 
Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
Mr. Andrew C. Taylor 
Dr. George E. Thoma 
Mr. Jack E. Thomas, Jr. 
Dr. Blanche Touhill 
The Hon. George R. Westfall 
Mr. O, Sage Wightman III 


Mr. Joseph H. Bascom 
Dr. John H. Biggs 
Mr. Jules D. 
Mr. Robert R. Hermann 
Mr. Henry Hitchcock 
Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide 


Mr. Harry E. abet. Jr. 


Honorary TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 


Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


Members’ BoarD 
Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais, President 
Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy 
Mrs. Stephen F. Bowen, Jr. 
r. F. Dale Whitt: 


Mrs. Walter Perry 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1993 23. 


Inside 


This Issue 


YOU & THE ENVIRONMENT 


Beginning a new feature on the Garden’s 
environmental initiatives and how you 
can help to preserve our planet. 


od. 
ROBERT KRESKO RECEIVES 
HENRY SHAW MEDAL 


Robert E. Kresko, a Garden Trustee, is 
honored with the Henry Shaw Medal. 


#3 
ee 
BUILDING BEAUTIFUL THINGS AT 
_ SHAW ARBORETUM 


Master carpenter David Hicks lends his 
artistry to new features at the Arboretum. 


. 


_ VOLUNTEER EVENING _ 
T the Garden pays tribute to a very special 
group of friends and colleagues, our 
volunteers. 


10. 


HOME GARDENING 


Now is the time to prepare to force hardy 
bulbs for a jump start on spring. 


12. 
_CALENDAR OF EVENTS» 


The Ja Japanese Festival, a major new agri- 
culture exhibit, and the Fall Flower Show. 


14. 
____NEWS OF THE MEMBERS 


The 1993 “Best of Missouri” Market is 
back, bigger and better than ever! 


16. 

EDUCATION DIVISION NEWS 
Teacher training, nature study projects, 
and a new program in aquatic ecology, 
plus the latest from the Henry Shaw 
Academy. 


Se ea ae 


(Ofsriand 
Second Annual 


“Best of Missouri” Market 


Sunday, October 3, 1993 
See page 14 for details. 


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Sponsored by: Commerce Bank of St. Louis; Premier Homes; Boatmen's — Bank of St. Louis; 
St. Louis County Farm Bureau; Missouri Soybean Association; KIX 1 


A S PP EC tT Ack cy £5 FT 
Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 
St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 PAID 
AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


& 


MISSOUR! BOTANICA 


NAV 2-1993-—_ 


GARDEN LIBRARM 


Missourt BOTANICAL GARDEN MissiON: “To DiscOVER AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE 
” 
Apout PLANTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT, IN ORDER TO PRESERVE AND ENRICH LiFe. 


This is truly a momentous time for the Garden. On Tuesday, November 2, voters in 
St. Louis City and County will be asked to vote on Proposition E, a 3-cent property 
tax proposal that will allow us to provide the educational and environmental 
programs that St. Louisans have come to expect from the Garden. 

Ata time of shrinking resources and tight finances for all of us, the Garden is 
facing demands for services and leadership that far exceed our ability to respond. 
Since the people of St. Louis gave us their support through property taxes in 1982, 
the Garden has repaid that support year after year with the highest level of perfor- 
mance. However, in 1982, property taxes provided over 40% of our operating 
revenue; today your tax support accounts for only 27% of our budget as our 
educational and scientific programs have grown in response to overwhelming need. 
The next three pages of this issue describe in detail the educational, environmental, 
and service programs that would be made possible by your 
increased support. 

We feel a profound sense of obligation to continue to 
grow in service to the people of St. Louis, their children, 
and the global community, to meet ever-increasing 
requests for science education and research. As Garden 
members, I know you share our sense of moral obligation 
to these concerns. 

The increase we are seeking from each family is so 
small -- less than the price of a movie ticket per year! -- 
and the benefits are so great for all of us. If the Garden is 
to continue to be a world class institution, we need the 
support of each of our members. We earnestly ask each of 
you to vote “Yes” for Proposition E on November 2 and to encourage your friends 
and neighbors to do the same. Together we can make the difference! 


Comment 


— Peter H. Raven, Director 


Shown with the 


A Blooming Tribute 


RICHARD BENKOF 


are officials of the 
Rising Star 
Missionary Baptist 
Church (from left): 


Deacon Tommie 


Mewsers of the Rising Star Missiona 
shrub at the Garden in tribute to the 


ms, ghted to have this magnificent tribute gift from the Rising Star 
mR K: ms Church,” said the Garden’s director, Dr. Peter H. Raven. The shrub, a uate 
paniculata “Tardiva’, is tagged and located at the east end of the tio outsi idew: 

shrub blooms in August and September. Ee ee eh 


y 4 BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you 
move. Please enclose the mailing 
label on the back cover of this 
Bulletin and mail to: 


ee 


Name:__ 
Old Address: 


Street 20 = ee eee 


J ia 
State Zip 
New Address: 


Date effective: 


Street 
City. 
State Zip 
On the Cover 


Students at the new Mullanphy- 
Botanical Garden magnet school 
with teacher Alicia Ivory House 


Photo by Cliff Willis 


Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 


O. Box 2 
St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron® is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 


Missouri Botanical Garden is an Equal 
Opportunity / Affirmative Action employer. 


© 1993 Missouri B ical Gard 


The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is 
published bi-monthly by the Missouri 
Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower Grove 
Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Second 
class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 


Postmaster: Please send address 
changes to: B yee , Mi 2 4s, nical 
Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 
63166-0299. 


Education & Environment 


“Last year my class got 
involved in the Garden’ 
educational programs. My kids 
learned about the diversity of 
the plant kingdom and the 
importance of respecting our 
environment. Its a lesson they'll 
need for the future and one I 
wish more kids could get. 
Proposition E makes that wish a 
reality.” — --Linda Casey, 5th grade teacher 


Vote YES on Proposition E 
November 2, 1993 


Continued inside 


i for by Everybody for E (Education & Environment), 
'Ssouri Botanical Garden, Rev. Earl E. Nance, Jr., Treasurer 


E is for Everybody... 


On November 2, St. Louis City and County residents will vote on Proposition E, 
=) 4 Z a 3-cent property tax proposal to support vital programs at the Garden. 


ly, 


As Garden members, you already help to support the Garden’s services to the St. Louis 
community. You are knowledgeable about the Garden’s world-renowned research 
program, which helps to provide the basic information crucial to the conservation of 
our natural resources. You are a member of the Garden because you care about the 
quality of science education in our schools, you care about our global environment, 
and you are concerned with efforts to understand, preserve, and utilize our biological 
heritage in a responsible way. _ 

The Garden’s success in education and research has led to 
rapidly increasing requests for our services, placing unprec- 
edented demands on our financial resources. Proposition E 
will ensure that the Garden can continue to serve your 
concerns and meet the needs of the community. 


E is for Education 


Today the Garden must turn away almost half of the requests it receives for educational 
programs every year, due to lack of funds. This amounts to more than 100,000 children and 
adults who are eager to learn more about nature and the environment. Proposition E , which 
is endorsed by the Missouri NEA (National Education Association), will make it possible to 
meet the demand for the Garden's educational programs by paying for: 


Ancistrocladus Community Outreach = , 
korupensis, Hundreds of organizations request Garden 
discovered by programs at their locations every year, but 


currently fewer than ten percent of these 
requests can be satisfied. The Outreach 
Program would take educational programs 
to schools and community centers. 


Special Senior Education 

With Proposition E the Garden would train J 
a corps of individuals to work with groups of 

older adults to develop and complete educational and community service projects. 


Teacher Training 

The Garden's Education Division already has made a major commitment to improving the 
quality of science education in St. Louis. Helping teachers to understand and communicate 
better about science yields far-reaching benefits for all students, now and in the future. 
Proposition E would provide greatly expanded opportunities for workshops, seminars, and 
summer institutes for elementary, middle school, and high school teachers. 


Interpretive Exhibits 

This program would provide for more demonstrations, 
activities, and lessons using the living exhibits in the 
Climatron® complex, outdoor display areas, and the 
Brookings Interpretive Center. 


Youth 
This program would recruit, train, and supervise young people to work on environmental 


. projects in the community, such as recycling, community beautification, stream clean-up, 
ee. eae ANd restoration of natural areas. 
4. BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 


E is for 
Environment 


Environmental issues are a major focus of all educational programs 
at the Garden. In addition, the Garden’s Research Division works all 
over the world to find, document, and understand Earth’s botanical 
resources before many of them disappear forever. The Garden is a 
global leader in sharing and disseminating the basic scientific 
information that is crucial for planning by environmentalists, 
conservationists, land use managers, and others. 

In addition, Garden scientists work directly with the National 
Cancer Institute to collect plants to be screened for potential sources 
of drugs to fight cancer, AIDS, and other devastating diseases 
Garden researchers also collect plants for Monsanto Company, 
which seeks plants that may be utilized for agricultural and pharma- 
ceutical benefits. 

Proposition E will aid the expansion of these kinds of vital 
research efforts by helping to pay for administrative support services 
right here in St. Louis. 


What Else Will Proposition E Support? 

Many of the Garden’s historic buildings are in urgent need of repairs 
and renovation, including the Desert House, built in 1913; the 
Administration Building, built in 1849 as Henry Shaw’s townhouse 
at 7th and Locust and moved to the Garden in 1909; the Linnean 
House, built in 1882; and the Museum Building, built in 1859. 


How Much Does Proposition E Cost? 
Less Than a Dime a Week! 


While the Garden has continued to expand and improve its services 
in recent years, our tax support has actually declined. When voters 
first approved tax support for the Garden in 1982, property taxes 
provided more than 40% of Garden revenue. Today taxes provide 
only 27% of the Garden’s revenue. 

Under Proposition E, the owner of an $80,000 home in St. Louis 
will pay $4.56 a year, or less that a dime a week -- a small increase 
that is vitally important to improve the education of children and 
adults and to help preserve our environment! 


i, al On 
VieIShy 
——— NOV. 2 


We urge you as Garden members to 
support Proposition E on November 2. 


Everybody for E! 


Paid for by Everybody for E (Education & Environment), 
Missouri Botanical Garden, Rev. Earl E. Nance, Jr., Treasurer 


New Multanphy Botanical Garden Shark 
School Is Open! 

Ow Septemser 18, 1993, more than 500 people celebrated the 
grand opening of the new Mullanphy-Botanical Garden Investi- 
gative Learning Center (ILC) at 4221 Shaw Boulevard. The new 
ILC is the result of years of collaboration and planning between 
the Garden the St. Louis Public School District, the University of 
Missouri-St. Louis, the St. Louis Science Center and the Saint 
Louis Zoo. When renovations are completed, the school will 
have an enrollment of 584 students and feature three science 


nho HY 
develop students’ skills in problem solving and productive 
thinking. Alicia lvory House, the Garden’s Magnet Program 
instructor, develops and coordinates curriculum with the school 
while continuing to conduct magnet programs at the Mason 
Middle School 
ver ~ r, Lanry Dede, director of education at the Garden, with 


Botani cal 


Garden ILC. Below: A parade was part of the celebration. 


TIM PARKER 


TIM PARKER 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 Be 


TIM PARKER 


Kevin Lamar FERGUSON, a senior at the University of 
Missouri-Columbia, has been awarded the 1993 Ernest E. 
Just Scholarship by the Garden. The $5,000 renewable 
scholarship is open to undergraduates who have com- 
pleted their sophomore year and demonstrated academic 
success and interest in science; the preferred recipient is 
an African American science student from St. Louis. The 
first Just Scholarship was awarded to Pamela Hughes in 
1992 


Ferguson is working toward a degree in biochemistry 
at Columbia, where he became involved with INROADS, 
a program of career development in business and industry 


Tue world’s foremost meeting of biologists and botanists, 
the International Botanical Congress, will be held in St. 
Louis, July 25 to August 7, 1999. The event is held every 
six years and has not been held in North America since 
1969. The announcement was made in September at the 
XV International Botanical Congress in Yokohama, Japan. 

More than 5,000 scientists are expected to attend the 
Congress in St. Louis, which will be held in the Americas 
Center downtown. The Garden will be the host for the 
Congress, together with Washington University, St. Louis 


6. BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 


. group at right. : 


Kevin (center) with his mother 
and father, Audrey and Ed 
Ferguson. 


for talented minorities. He has 
served as president of Mortar 
Board and has held offices in other 
campus leadership organizations; 
he has received the Brooks Schol- 
arship for academic achievement 
and the Chancellor's Leadership 
Award, among other honors. 

In 1990 Ferguson worked as a 
summer intern for Monsanto Co. 
and has worked for the company 
every summer since. He also 
works as a laboratory assistant at 
the Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
tion at the University. Ferguson plans a career in industrial 
research. 

The Just Scholarship is named in honor of the African 
American scientist Ernest E. Just of Howard University. 
Dr. Just devoted his life to the study of cell biology, 
published two major books and over 60 scientific papers, 
and received the 1915 Spingarn Medal, the highest award 
of the NAACP. 

The Just Scholarship is funded through the support of 
Daniel and Adelaide Schlafly of St. Louis, who have pro- 
vided support for minority education programs throughout 
St. Louis for many years. 


University, University of Missouri, 
University of Illinois and South- 
ern Illinois University, Monsanto 
Company, and many scientific 
societies and other organizations. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven delivered 
one of two keynote addresses in 
Yokohama, to open the Congress. 
The lecture, “Plants and People 
in the 21st Century,” was attended 
by the honorary patrons of the 


botanists and biologists from 66 
countries attended the Congress, 
which featured 1,100 lectures and 
over 200 symposia. A delegation of 12 scientists from the 
Garden attended the meeting. 

“This is very good news for St. Louis,” said Raven, “and 
we are very proud to be helping to bring an international 
gathering of this significance to our city.” 


Above: Crown Prince Naruhito and Princess Masako greet 
participants at the conference. Dr. Peter H. Raven, who 
pee oe ip ae 41. - eh eting, is in the 


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First Two Volumes of Flora of North America Are Published 


A Landmark Achievement 


Acree eleven years of hard work by hundreds of botanists at more than 30 institutions, the 
first two volumes of the Flora of North America were published by Oxford University Presss 
on September 27, 1993. The Garden serves as the organizational center for the project. 

“This is an event of tremendous significance, and we are extremely proud to be a part of 
it,” said Dr. Nancy R. Morin, assistant director of the Garden and convening editor of the 
FNA project. “No continental flora has ever tried to do all of the things we're doing. There 
has never before been one place to obtain all of the information this project is providing.” 

When it is complete in 12 years, FNA will consist of 14 volumes and a computer database, 
providing the first comprehensive description of all plants growing naturally in the United 
States, Canada, and Greenland. The FNA database will be continuously updated and 
maintained at the Garden as a permanent resource. 

TROPICOS, the database developed at the Garden, is one of the largest botanical data- 
bases in the world. Its use for FNA will allow the floristic information to be utilized in 
exciting and productive new ways. A comprehensive bibliographic database is being 
developed at the Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation at Carnegie Mellon University 
in Pittsburgh. 

The first volume of FNA consists of introductory essays by about two dozen botanical 
authorities on climate, geology, history of vegetation, expeditions and research, botanical 
classification, and how to use the published 
volumes. Volume 2 contains taxonomic treat- 
ments of ferns and gymnosperms. 

The publication of the FNA project repre- 
sents the culmination of efforts that actually 
began more than 160 years ago, with the at- 
tempt by botanists John Torrey and Asa Gray to 
produce a comprehensive flora of the conti- 
nent. “Until we began using computers, the 
form of floristic studies had changed very little 
since the 17th century,” Morin said. “Now we 
can utilize the most up-to-date data in extremely 
productive ways that would have been impos- 
sible just a few years ago.” 


The illustrations on this page are from 
Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms, Volume 2 
of the Flora of North America. 


FNA has been generously supported by the 
National Science Foundation, the Pew Charitable 


Trusts, the David and Lucille Packard Founda- 
tion, the Surdna Foundation, the Dula 
Foundation, the ARCO Foundation, the Chase 

arvey Foundation, the Hewlett Foundation, and 
the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. 


t held its ] ti Gard 


October 10-11, 1993. 


The Flora of North America proj ig at th 
The final editors for the first two volumes are shown here (from left): David Whetstone, Rick 
Spellenberg, Ted Barkley, and John Packer. Not pictured: John Strother. 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 7. 


: 


THis YEAR decorate your 
Christmas tree solely with 
natural materials or in combina- 
tion with your own treasured 
heirlooms. The simplicity and 
beauty of natural materials are 
reminiscent of earlier holiday 
traditions but they can a 
make a timely environmental 
statement. What better way to 
say you love the natural world 
than to give nature’s little 
masterpieces a prized location in 
your holiday decorating? 
Collecting and making natural 
decorations can also be a 
rewarding family activity. 
Nature hikes around your yard 
or in the woods can provide a 
wealth of materials for your tree 
and also show your children 
how plants grow and reproduce. 
Children love making natural 
ornaments, but they’re not just 
for kids. Adults of all ages will 
find using natural materials a 
delightful and creative activity. 
Your design choices are almost 
endless. You can have a whole 
collection of unique ornaments 
or make up several of the same 
design. If your goal is a more 


refined, “decorator” style tree, I 
recommend using only two or 
three different styles of orna- 
ments to give greater unity to 
your design. 

Posies can be laid on the 
Christmas tree branches, tied on 
with ribbon, or hung wit 
ribbon or wire hangers. Other 
ornaments can be made from 
cones and pods glued together 
to make common or fanciful 
animal forms. With adult 
supervision, a glue gun makes 
the work quick and easy. White 
glue can also be used but more 
care is needed to keep the pieces 
from shifting while they dry. 

Below is a selection of just 
some of the wonderful materials 
available for use in making 
natural ornaments. Let your 
imagination and Mother Nature 
be your guide. 

Pine Cones — Pine and 
spruce cones are readily 
available in the fall. They can be 
hung “as is” or decorated. Try 
gluing on various seeds or glue 
cones together to form pine cone 
“animals”. If some cones are not 
fully open they can be opened 
by placing them in a warm oven 
for 15-30 minutes. As they dry 
the cones will open and release 
their seeds. 

Another idea for pine cones is 
to use them to make fireplace 
starters. Start by melting the 
ends of used candles or paraffin 
and dip the cones into the 
melted wax. Place the cones on 
waxed paper or old newspaper 
until the wax is cool. Put a few 
in a plastic bag tied with a 
ribbon and you have a great gift 
for a friend with a fireplace. A 
few of the cones work beauti- 
fully for starting a fire, using 
materials that many people 
would simply have tossed in the 
trash. 


Acorns — Squirrels love 
acorns, so if you want any you 
need to act fast. There are many 
different sizes and shapes, so go 
collecting in several areas. Bur 
oak is especially choice, with its 
large acorn and large shaggy bur. 
When collecting, take a field 


8. BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 


NATURAL HOLIDAY DECORATIONS 


guide to trees and learn to 
identify some of our majestic 
oaks. They are quite easily 
identified by their mature 
acorns. 

After collecting your acorns it 
is wise to place them in the 
freezer for a couple of days. 

This kills any insects that may 
be inside. If you don’t you may 
end up with a box of “fish food”. 
The adventurous child may find 
this exciting but mom and dad 
may not be quite as thrilled. 

Pods — Several plants have 
interesting pods that are useful 
for decorations. Unicorn pods, 
Martynia, are often used because 
of their unusual shape that lends 
itself to creating fanciful 
creatures. Though too late to 
plant this year, the unicorn plant 
is an annual vine that can 
grown in St. Louis. Another 
interesting pod is that of the 
southern magnolia, Magnolia 
grandiflora. To keep the brightly 
colored seeds from dropping 
out, use a small drop of glue on 
each one. Another readily 
available pod is sweetgum — 
and who wouldn't just love for 
you to come and collect theirs! 
Use them alone or tie several 
together with a ribbon. They 
can also be used to make 
“creatures”. 

Citrus Peels — Cut peels of 
orange, lemon and lime into 
petal shapes, make a hole in the 
edge of each piece, dry for two 
weeks, and then use florist’s wire 
to form the “petals” into 
“flowers”. Thin peels will dry 
faster and there is less chance of 
mold forming. 

By cutting different shaped 
petals you can make several 
different kinds of flowers. Put 
five petals together for a single 
rose. Use four pointed pieces to 
make dogwood flowers. 

Another idea is to cut citrus 
rinds in long strips. After the 
strips are dried (it doesn’t matter 
if they curl during drying) cut 
the strips into six-inch lengths. 
Combine the strips with other 
dried materials, such as flowers 
or stick cinnamon, in a posy. 


Annuals, Perennials, and 
Shrubs — There is a great 
wealth of material here for use in 
posies. A few of my favorites are 
annual and oriental poppy pods; 
Queen Anne’s lace; money plant, 
Lunaria; onions; daylily pods; 
iris pods; gas plant, Echinops; 
and spore fronds of ostrich fern. 
Dried flowers you can obtain 
from your garden or purchase 
from the florist are statice, 
sweetheart roses, larkspur, 
strawllowers, celosia, yarrow, 
Gomphrena, baby’s breath, 
German statice, hydrangea, 
Liatris, Chinese lantern, dusty 
miller, and Artemesia branches 
for filler, staghorn, sumac, fruit 
heads and goldenrod. All of 
these are very easy to air dry. 
Just tie them in small bundles 
and hang them upside down ina 
warm, dry location away from 
direct sunlight. In seven to ten 
days the flowers should be dry. 

Wheat, Barley, and other 
Grasses — Grains and grasses 
are wonderful additions to the 
naturally decorated tree. Grains 
can be purchased at craft shops, 
but grass seed heads are all 
around just begging to be 
collected and enjoyed free of 
charge. Small bundles of grains 
and grasses can be tied together 
with a ribbon and tied on the 
branches or secured with wire if 
needed. The light, airy effect of 

is especially nice when 
combined with dried flowers or 
other dried material in a posy. 
Their soft, filler effect helps to 
show off the dried flowers. Be 
sure to collect plenty. If you are 
very ambitious you can also try 
your hand at making some 
woven wheat ornaments. | 
haven't tried this, but resources 
at your local library can provide 
directions. 
How to Make a Posy 
A posy is simply a handful of 
flowers that are fastened 
together with fine wire or 
florist’s tape. 

To make a posy, select 
flowers and other dried material 
that complement one another. 
Several sprays of feathery white 


continued on the next page 


YOU 


ie Be 


ENV RONME \I 


Missouri BOTANICAL GARDEN E Pouicy § 

Tt» entecitoas f the _ | ee eee Sy ey ee ] oo | L ee | a . environ- 
ment, in order to preserve and enrich life. A lishing thi ° depends on th 

P sh). ig + med oo or) ¢ a. oe © oe The quality of h 

ist depends on an envi t that i ; healthful in all s. For these reasons, the 
Garden places major is on edt t ponsibility for the overall 
ace In addition, the G publi. 1g of environ 
mental issues locally, nationally, ad internationally 

Particular goals of the Garden’s prog tion of biodiversity, sound 
horticultural practices, i tional und d action, and the responsible use of all 

The Garden i. el 1 a Per ae ee ee a a | 


and other organizations to do so as well. 


Pitching In! Recycling Means Everything 


Many oF us have been recycling old newspa- 
pers, aluminum cans, and other materials at 
home, working to reduce the volume of solid 
waste in our landfills. The Garden, too, has 
recycled many items for years and has had a 
major program in place since 1990, when we 
began systematic, Garden-wide collection of 
waste paper for recycling. 

As of October 1, 1993, the Garden has 
launched an institutional program of signifi- 
cantly greater scope. Convenient collection 
centers have been established in all office and 
maintainence areas at the Garden, where staff 
now can collect almost all paper, plastics, 


HOME GARDENING continued 


flowers or grey foliage inter- 
spersed with more colorful 
flowers will give a nice effect. 
Hold the flowers together and 
wrap just below the flowers with 
fine wire or florist’s wire. If a 
more secure posy is needed, 
wrap a couple of stems together 
first and keep wrapping as you 
add more pieces of dried 
material. When you have 
finished wrapping, cut the stems 
to a uniform length. If you like, 
tie a ribbon at the base to cover 
the wire and give the posy a 
finished look. If you are keeping 
your decorations totally natural, 
use strips of raffia or grass leaves 
in place of the ribbon. 


metals, and glass solid waste generated at the 
Garden. A single vendor collects all of the 
containers and generates a yearly report on 
each category by weight. 

The volume of recycled materials is ex- 
pected to increase. Now the staff can collect 
much of their office paper waste in a single 
container: phone books, magazines, newspa- 
pers, junk mail, envelopes and window 
es Tyvek® caren — fax paper. 

computer 
aper, white and colored office paper, and 
Clear and colored glass, plastics 


Car ard. 


with a recycling code stamp, metal cans, and 


aluminum cans are all collected as well. The 
Garden also recycles styrofoam, including 
oose “peanut” type packing material, which 
must be placed in a plastic bag. 

As a further measure to help decrease pa- 
per waste in landfills, the Garden uses only 
recycled paper containing at least 10-15 per- 
cent post-consumer waste for all of its printing 
needs, subject only to availability of the paper 
stock. Demand for these types of papers has 
grown substantially in recent years, with re- 
sulting improvements in pricing and 
availability. In addition, the Garden uses only 


and housekeeping needs, and all inter-office 
memos and documents are copied on both 
sides of the paper. 

Regarding the expanded collection of re- 
cyclable materials, Paul Brockmann, director 
of General Services for the Garden, said, “This 
increase in service is available because we 
now have one vendor, Helping Hands Recy- 
cling Center, Inc., which will come to the 
Garden to collect all of these items. In the 
past, materials collected for recycling had to 
be taken by Garden staff to several collection 
ewe “9 the city, a avery time-consuming Sit 
cess. \ 
cooperation | in the recycling program, which 
has already yielded substantial results. With 
this new program in place, there is no reason 
why waste baskets should have any type of 
office paper in them at the end of the day.” 


LAAe SLALE 


Jean Fike (center) with Claudia 
Spener and Mary Middleton of the 
Garden’s Development Office. 


For the Birds 


Tue beauty of birds and their songs 
are so highly prized in landscapes 
today that many gardeners are 


incorporating special features and plantings specifically to entice birds to their gardens. 

The Bird Garden will be situated along the main walk to the Kemper Center for Home Gardening. It 
will include a variety of elements with “bird appeal,” such as evergreen screens for shelter, shrubs laden 
with berries for food, bird houses, feeders, and a bird bath sculpture. While strolling the Bird Garden’s 
circular stone path, visitors in summer can watch tiny ruby throated hummingbirds sip nectar from the 
scarlet flowers of a trumpet vine, learn more about birds from interpretive panels, or relax in the stone 


paved seating area. 


The Bird Garden has been made possible by a bequest from the estate of the late Harry W. Lang, a 


enn Kopp, 
Instructional Coordinator for 
Adult Programs 


home in Holly Hills. 


native St. Louisan who grew up on Cleveland Avenue not far from the Garden. Mr. Lang was an 
investment broker with Edward D. Jones & Company. According to his niece, Jean Fike of Kirkwood, 
her uncle was a man of extraordinary energy, who walked to his downtown office every day from his 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 9, 


a 
- 
"C 
es 


continuing 


Fall Flower Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through 
Sunday, November 14, Orthwein 
Floral Display Hall. Free with 
regular Garden admission. 


november 4-6 
thursday-saturday 

Holiday Preview Sale 

9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m., Thursday and 
Friday; 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday. 
Garden Gate Shop. See page 11 for 
details. 


november 5-28 
friday-sunday 
Photography Exhibit by 
Sir Peter Smithers 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Ridgway 
Center. Dramatic, oversized floral 
studies by the award-winning 
photographer Sir Peter Smithers 
provide vivid closeups of a wide 
variety of plants. Free with regular 
Garden admission. 


november 10 wednesday 


november 11-12 
thursday-friday 


Conference on Race & 


Science 

Washington University 
Women’s Building. Sponsored 
by the Garden, the American 
Culture Studies Institute, and 
the African and Afro-American 
Studies Program at Washington 
University. Please call (314) 
935-5690 for more information. 


december 1 wednesday 


Carols in the Garden: A 
Winter Nights Festival 


4 to 9 p.m., grounds. Includes 
the Tower Grove House 
Candlelight Tour, 4:30 p.m. to 
7:30 p.m. Please see the back 
cover for details. 


december 3 friday 
Members Preview: 


Holiday Flower Show 
3 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
Entertainment, cash bar. Dinner 


different varieties, plus traditional holiday 


blooming plants. Free with regular 


Garden admission. See December 3 for 


Members’ Preview. 


december 5 sunday 


Holiday Tea 


3 to 5 p.m., Tower Grove House. Advance 
reservations are required; call (314) 577- 


5150. Please see page 11 for details. 


december 7, 9, 13, 15 
Holiday Luncheons 

Noon, Tower Grove House. Call (314) 
377-5150 for reservations beginning 


Friday, November 12. See page 11 for 
details. 


december 9-11 
thursday-saturday 


Holiday Plant & Gift Sale 


9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m., Thursday and Friday; 


9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday. Garden Gate 
Shop. See page 11 for details. 


december 12 sunday 


Chanukah Celebration 


Ridgway Center; times to be announced. 


Celebrate the Festival of Lights with 


co will be available in the traditional music and more. Co-sponsored 
B uilding aB acky ard Gardenview Restaurant. The by the Garden and the Jewish Community 
Wildlife Refuge Garden Gate Shop will be open _Center Association. Free with regular 


7:30 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
Representatives from the Missouri 
Department of Conservation will 
show you yow to develop a 
backyard habitat for attracting and 
maintaining local wildlife. Seating 
is limited to 70 and advance 
reservations are required: please call 
(314) 577-5125 before November 
5, 1993. Free. 


Seema: 
Members’ Days 


for a special Members’ Sale 
Preview. For members only. 


december 4 — january 2 
saturday — sunday 


Holiday Flower Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, 
Orthwein Floral Display Hall. A 
delightful display featuring 50 
living Christmas trees in 15 


Garden admission. 


december 16 thursday 
Christmas Celebration 


10 


a.m. to 3 p.m., Ridgway Center. Join 


the fun with traditional carols, music, 
Santa, and festivities. Free with regular 
Garden admission. 


december 26 sunday 


Kwanzaa Celebration 
Noon to 5 p.m., Ridgway Center. Cel- 


ebrate the rich cultural roots of Americans 
of African ancestry with a day of family- 
oriented activities. Free with regular 
Garden admission. 


november 16 tuesday Holiday Decorating 
1:30 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Join the floral designers from 


eee 

Free Walking Tours 

1 p.m. Tuesdays, Saturdays and Sundays. 
Meet the Garden Guides at the Ridgway 
Center ticket counter, rain or shine, for a 
fascinating tour of the Garden. Free with 
regular admission. 


december 11 saturday Holiday Choral Concert 


10. BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 


Tower Grove House A Victorian Holiday 


TAKE A JOURNEY back in time at Tower Grove 
House this holiday season. The House is 
decorated in Victorian holiday splendor 
throughout December and open for tours 10 
a.m. to 4 p.m. 


Candlelight Tour 

This year the Candlelight Tour is part of “Car- 
ols at the Garden,” a spectacular festival of 
music on December 1. Please see the back 
cover of this Bulletin for details. 


Holiday Tea 

The Holiday Tea, sponsored by Tower Grove 
House Auxiliary, will be held Sunday after- 
noon, December 5, 1993, from 3 to 5 p.m. 
Visit the House for a Victorian Christmas tour, 
followed by refreshments in the Tea Room. 
Enter at 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, where 
your name will be registered. Parking is avail- 
able in the parking lot across the street at the 
corner of Magnolia and Tower Grove. Reser- 
vations are $8 per person and must be received 
no later that November 25, 1993. Please use 
the form at right, or call 577-5150 for more 
information. 

GARDEN GATE 


FROM THE 


1993 Holiday Tea 


Please make reservations for the 
Holiday Tea on December 5, 1993, 3 p.m. to 
5 p.m. Enclosed is my check for $ 

at $8 per person, payable to Tower Grove 
House Auxiliary. Checks must be received 
no later than November 25, 1993. 


Name 


Address. 


City. 


State. 


Phone 


Tower Grove House Auxiliary 
Missouri Botanical Garden 

P. O. Box 299 

St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 


Mail to: 


SHOP 


Holiday Preview Sale 

Members save 20 percent! 

Thursday, Nov. 4 -- 9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. 
Friday, Nov. 5 -- 9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. 

Saturday, Nov. 6 -- 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. 

Celebrate a woodland holiday with birds, 
butterflies, and old world ornaments with a 
botanical theme. Give garden accessories for 
porch and patio, gardening books, cards and 
posters, plus the delightful 1993 Garden 
holiday card by local artist Ann Thompson 
and the 1994 Garden calendar with photo- 
graphs by Jack Jennings. Refreshments will 
be served. 


Holiday Plant & Gift Sale 
Members save 20 percent! 

Thursday, Dec. 9 -- 9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. 
Friday, Dec. 10 -- 9 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. 
Saturday, Dec. 11 -- 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. 

Holiday poinsettias, Christmas cactus, 
miniature decorated trees, Norfolk Island 
pines, seasonal blooming plants, indoor bulb 
kits with amaryllis and paperwhites, gift kits 
for children and adults, gardening tools, wind 
chimes, sundials, books, and gifts for 
everyone on your list. Refreshments will be 
served. Watch your mail for a special bonus 
offer! 


Garden Books for Holiday Giving 


The American Horticultural 
Society Encyclopedia of 
Gardening 


A comprehensive, authoritative, and up-to- 
te gardening reference compiled by a team 

of 50 experts in two sections: “Creating the 

Garden” and “Maintaining the Garden.” 


$59.95 


The Ultimate Rose Book 

Fifteen hundred roses -- antique, modern, 
miniature, and wild -- all shown in color 
photographs and selected for their beauty, 
fragrance, and enduring popularity. 

1650 photographs. $49.50 


é 


LL gs) ee 


a eee 


' : yy 


: y > =a a 
The 1993 Garden holiday card by local artist 
Ann Thompson is printed in full color. 


Holiday Luncheons 

Special holiday luncheons will be served at 12 
noon in the Tea Room at Tower Grove House 
on Tuesday, December 7; Thursday, Decem- 
ber 9; Monday, December 13; and Wednesday, 
December 15. Reservations are required and 
will be accepted beginning Friday, November 
12, at 9 a.m.; please call 577-5150 for reserva- 
tions. Payment must be received no later than 
November 25, 1993. 


In Memory of Virginia Blume 

One of Henry Shaw's pieces of furniture, a 
beautifully carved rosewood dresser with a 
marble top and a massive mirror, has been 
refurbished and is back on display in Tower 
Grove House. The piece was restored in 
memory of Virginia Blume, a past president of 
the Tower Grove House Auxiliary. 

Virginia Blume, a dedicated volunteer at 
Tower Grove House, died August 19, 1992. 
She began volunteering at the House in 1970 
as a tour guide, and when the Tower Grove 
House Auxiliary was formed in January 1977, 
she became a charter member. Virginia served 
as president of the Auxiliary 1986-88, and 
again 1990-92. Her selfless service and dedi- 
cation are deeply missed. 


Plus - A Distinguished New Book by 
a Garden Researcher 


The Woody Iridaceae 


by Peter Goldblatt, Ph.D. 
Timber Press 

145 pages, 13 color plates, 
17 line drawings and tables. 
$29.95, hardcover 

The Iris family, Iridaceae, is familiar to 
most gardeners for its herbaceous species, 
Iris, Crocus, and Gladiolus. This beautifully 
illustrated book introduces three extraordi- 
nary genera of the family that are woody 
shrubs: Nivenia, Klattia, and Witsenia. 

Dr. Peter Goldblatt, B.A. Krukoff Curator 
of African Botany at the Garden, is an expert 
on the Iridaceae. This book is the first 
thorough botanical investigation of this 
specialized group of genera, which includes 
just 13 species. This monograph provides a 
rigorous scientific account of these species, 
each illustrated with an exquisite full page 
watercolor done from life by noted botanical 
artist Fay Anderson. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven said, “This beautiful 
book is a significant accomplishment and a 
welcome addition to botanical literature.” 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 11. 


Z Botanical 


Garden : a 


ee A GARDEN 


“To discover and share knowledge about 
plants and their environment, in order to 
preserve and enrich life” — this is the 
mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Plants are the source of our food, of animal 
habitats, of medicines, fibers and 
industrial materials. Yet out of 250,000 
species of flowering plants, 225,000 have 
never been evaluated for potential use, 
and today we are obliterating living 
species from our planet at a rate that far 
exceeds the extinction of the dinosaurs. 

If enough of our biological treasures are 
lost, we will deplete the genetic building 
blocks of the future and threaten the 
renewal and balance of life on Earth. 
Missouri Botanical Garden researchers 
discover and share the basic information 
crucial to understanding 


and preserving 


our genetic 
heritage. 


Missouri Botanical Garden works to 
accumulate basic knowledge of the 


a 4 r 


Q Collecting plants in the field 


QV Catal loging dried herbarium Today botanical information is more up to date 
specimens and easily accessible with: 

Q Computerizing information ealeieeaeerteeeteenees ot TROPICOS - This 

& Publishing information in books ance teruenes 


and scientific journals secede Floras - A flora is a publication system, Haveloped ot Se 


: Garden, is the largest 

Q Fostering collaboration among that completely me ' botanical database in 

scientists and institutions plants of a geographical area. 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
sponsors and collaborates on 
flora projects for North 
America, China, Madagascar, 
Mesoamerica, much of South 
America, and parts of Africa 
Sy and Southeast Asia. 


the world, used by 
researchers in the field 
and by computer 
networks worldwide. 
TROPICOS is constantly 
being updated and makes 
it possible to synthesize 
information in useful 
new ways. 


About two-thirds of all plant species 
are concentrated in the tropics, the 
most ecologically threatened regions on 
Earth. In the tropics, the demands of 
the global economy, widespread 
poverty, and the pressures of exploding 
human population are causing massive 
deforestation, leading to permanent, 
irreversible loss of plants, animals, and 
their genetic riches. Deforestation 

affects every country in the world, 
upsetting the fragile balance of our 
climate and depleting our natural 
resources. Missouri Botanical Garden 
has the world’s largest program in 
tropical botany, racing against time to 
find and document species before they 
are lost forever. 


hae = CHALLENGE 


R esearch can help us find ways 
to conserve our biological 


heritage. But the threat to our world is 
immediate and urgent. Human 
population is expected to double in the 
next 40 years. Currently 40 million 
acres of tropical forests are destroyed 
annually; at that rate they will soon be 
gone. Over one-fifth of all flowering 
plants, and countless living creatures 
that depend on them, may become 
extinct in the next few decades. Only 
worldwide international cooperation to 
support sustainable economic 
development will slow or halt the loss 
of Earth's natural resources. Missouri 
Botanical Garden is a leader in 
international scientific collaboration, 
an important first step toward 
preserving our world. 


e Holiday Wreaths 


December 1 through January 2 
9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily 
Ridgway Center 


Spectacular holiday wreaths created by some of the finest 
floral designers in the St. Louis area: 


© BOTANICALS ON THE PARK ® LADUE FLorisT @ 
CuMBERWORTH’S FINE FLOWERS @ KEN MIESNER’S FLOWERS 
@ Jon Prev Fiorar Desicn * Jopy DELF ® 
@ Ranpy FELKEY FLORALS ® DALE ROHMAN ® 
HEREFORD-ANDREW DESIGN ® Bozzay FLorisTs 


Thank You! 
“Best of Missouri” Market 
Benefactors 


Commerce Bank of St. Louis 
Premier Homes Inc. 


The Boatmen’ National Bank of St. Louis 


St. Louis County Farm Bureau 
Missouri Soybean Merchandising Council 


Century Bank 
First Bank 
Huntleigh / McGehee 
Mr. and Mrs. John Bender 


KIX 104 
KTVI Channel 2 


14. BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 


@ DESIGNS OF DISTINCTION ® 
@ CHARLES W. FREEMAN ® 


And Very Special Thanks To... 


Nora Stern and Ellen Dubinsky, co-chairs of the “Best of 
Missouri” Market, and their committee of volunteers. Their 
hard work and enthusiasm made the “Best of Missouri” 
Market a tremendous success for the second year in a row. 


Holiday Gift Membership 
Special — Save 20% 


During the Holiday Plant & Gift Sale December 9, 10, and 
11, you may purchase a $45 Garden membership for just 
$36, or a $40 senior membership for just $32, a savings of 
20 percent! 

Then enjoy the 20 percent members’ discount in the 
Garden Gate Shop, or give a membership as a gift that will 
delight family and friends all year long. Each gift recipient 
will be sent a limited edition set of ten Missouri Botanical 
Garden note cards and a holiday greeting from you. 


on 
& Jf f o t o + 


F . 1993 Bulletin 
}! lled th of M ter Gardener J R i ly We regret the error. 


Shaw Arboretum Butterfly Count 


by Arboretum staff members Scott large ‘leet Trager 
Total = 30 Total individuals: 3 


we TALLY iS IN from the first onesies ints 
gust 8, 1993. Butterfly enthusiasts, a 
new and experienced, were thrilled and 
awestruck at the sight of hundreds of swal- 
lowtails feeding on masses of ironweed, 
prairie blazing star, and butterfly milk- 
we many we couldn't even count 
them” said Peggy Whitmire, benefactor of the Whitmire Wildflower 
Garden and volunteer butterfly counter. 

The butterfly counters accompanied local experts Linda Elvis, Phil 
Meni, Suse Stark, and James Trager, who led tallying groups through 
the tum glades, experimental prairie, and Whitmire Wildflower 
Garden. Although fun for all participants, the butterfly count is a 
serious endeavor. While not a scientific census, the compilation of 
butterfly species and numbers contributes to better understanding of 
relative abundance, population fluctuations and local diversity. 

The great diversity of butterflies is nowhere more evident than on 
swamp milkweed in the Whitmire Wildflower Garden. The zebra, 


James Trager (right) 3 


parsley, spicebush, tiger, and giant swallowtails, as well as the great 
spangled fritillary, silver-spotted and sachem skippers, buckeye, and 
monarch were among the fluttering, feeding frenzy on two thriving 
specimens of this milkweed in the wildflower garden. Butterfly activ- 
ity is welcome in the flower-filled garden as it is elsewhere on the 
Arboretum. It is evident not only in the colorful adults, but in the 
numerous leaf-chewing larvae and eggs present on paw-paw, milk- 
weed, and golden alexander leaves. The Whitmire Wildflower Garden 
is a sanctuary for insects which, in more conventional gardens, are 
regarded as pests 


examines a 

with (from left) 

Christine Terlina, 
Schimmelpfen 


<j “a Alt 


a re 


See 


CELEBRATION OF A LiFE Edgar W Denison 


ON SEPTEMBER 11, friends and family of the late Edgar Denison 
gathered at Shaw Arboretum to pay tribute to the life of one of the 
Garden’s greatest friends. Mr. Denison died August 14, at age 88. 

Mr. Denison, an expert amateur botanist and naturalist, was the 
author and illustrator of the standard field guide Missouri Wildflowers. 
Now in its fourth edition, the book has sold over 85,000 copies since it 
was published in 1962. 

Mr. Denison came to the 
United States from his native Ger- 
many and lived in Kirkwood for 
36 years. He was a cost engineer 
for Union Electric before retiring 
in 1969. His extraordinary range 
of enthusiasms included his mag- 
nificent wildflower garden, with 
more than 1,000 varieties of plants 
all grown from seed; lecturing and 
teaching on botany, conservation, 
and gardening; music, painting, 
photography, and woodworking: 
active work with the Missouri Na- 
tive Plant Society and the Webster 
Groves Nature Study Society, 
among many others; and a long 
involvement with the Garden and Shaw Arboretum. 

Several friends and family members shared their memories of Mr. 
Denison at the Arboretum gathering. Kathy Love, editor for the Mis- 
souri Department of Conservation, said, Pus was a courtly, old-world 
gentleman witha sense of humor an . 
a mighty oak....Edgar Denison leaves a legacy of knowledge to » thou- 
sands of people he will never meet. To those of us fortunate to have 

own him, he left even more. But his instructions are strict — take 


Mr. Denison with one of his wildflower paintings 


care of the seeds, make them grow.” 

Dr. George Yatskievych of the Missouri Department of Conserva- 
tion and curator of Missouri Plants at the Garden portrayed Mr. 
Denison’s unique sense of humor. “One Christmas we got a card from 
him with one of his hand-colored illustrations on the front, and the 
inside simply said, “Merry Christmas. Can you tell what plant this is?” 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of 
the Garden, related that the Edgar 
Denison Fund for the Study of 
Missouri Plants was established 
through tribute gifts received in 
honor of Denison’s 80th birthday 
and has supported students 
through the years doing botani- 
cal field work in Missouri. Mr. 
Denison gave his collection of 
1,800 slides of Missouri wildflow- 
ers and a set of 34 of his 
watercolors to the Garden, where 
they will be maintained perma- 
nently. In addition to his 
celebrated wildflower tours at the 
Arboretum, Mr. Denison also 
translated the correspondence of 
George Engelmann, the botanical pioneer who was Henry Shaw’s 
scientific advisor. This was a prodigious feat requiring the rare ability 
to read fraktur, the 19th century German black-letter script. 

In conclusion, Dr. Raven said, “In the glades and prairies and 

woods of Missouri, Edgar Denison will always be ae with us — 
teaching, urging, challenging us to continue to do g possible 
to enjoy, to cherish, and to preserve the wild slits that make this 

such a wonderful place to live.” 
BULLETIN NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 1993 15. 


£yctiiiis 


tne Partnership 
Campaign 


The Partnership Campaign was launched in 1993 to raise $29.5 million 
from corporate and private philanthropi to support major 
capital improvements at the Garden. This effort is different in scope and 
purpose from the Proposition E tax campaign featured on pages 3-5 of 
this issue. Proposition E primarily will provide continuous, ongoing 
program support and facilities for the services St. Louisans expect from 
the Garden; the major goals of the Partnership Campaign are new 
research facilities and the demonstration gardens at the Kemper Center 
for Home Gardening. 


The Case for Action 


Since its founding in 1859, the Garden has become one of the 
world’s leading centers in the study of plant biological diversity. 
Today it plays a preeminent role in botanical research and environ- 
mental education. Both of these areas are of crucial importance for 
the future. The Garden has reached its present stature because year 
after year, generation after generation, it has repaid the support of 
the people of St. Louis with a high level of performance. 

Twenty years ago, the Garden attracted 256,652 visitors, had 
4,000 members, and served about 20,000 people through educa- 
tional activities and tours. Today, annual attendance surpasses 
850,000; membership exceeds 30,000 families; and more than 
112,000 children and adults participate in educational programs. 
The operating budget, which totaled $920,000 in 1973, grew to 
$16.7 million in fiscal 1992, and was once again balanced. 

The partnership of the citizens of St. Louis with the Garden has 
fueled a steady growth in education and outreach. With the three- 
year Partnership Campaign, the Garden seeks the support to 
continue making its vital and unique contribution to the St. Louis 
region, the United States, and the world. 


The Center for Plant Biodiversity 


The primary component of the Partnership Campaign is a new 
research headquarters to house the Garden’s Center for Plant 
Biodiversity, including the scientific staff, herbarium, library, 
computerized databases, and graduate students. The Center brings 
together the Garden's own broad research agenda with those of other 
institutions and organizations to concentrate on basic and applied 
research and conservation efforts worldwide. 

The Research Division, which had five scientists on staff in 1973, 
now numbers more than 50 men and women with doctoral degrees, 
83 support personnel, a number of postdoctoral fellows, and 41 
volunteers. The growth of the research program has brought the 
Garden to the verge of a facilities crisis, 

An analysis projects that by the year 2010 the Research Division 
will need 85,000 square feet of additional space. There is no practical 


16. BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 


location on the Garden grounds to build a new structure of this size, 
making it necessary to plan for a site nearby. This building, which 
will be erected near the Garden at the corner of Vandeventer and 
Shaw Avenues, will be a showcase for environmentally sound 
architecture and engineering (see “Building Green” on page 17). 


Renovation of the Lehmann Building 


Moving a substantial portion of the Research Division to a new 
building will allow the Garden to utilize the John S. Lehmann for 
administrative purposes. The Director’s Office will remain there, as 
will some research functions, and the building will be extensively 
renovated for use by the Membership and Development Office, 
realizing a long-cherished dream to create a Members’ Room for 
reading, meetings, and contemplation. 


Demonstration Gardens at the Center for Home 
Gardening 


The William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening, dedicated in 
June, 1991, was the first step in an ambitious plan to meet steadily 
expanding demands for gardening information and community- 
oriented services. The next step is construction of a series of 23 
residentially-scaled outdoor gardens that illustrate the extraordinary 
range of possibilities that are available to home gardeners in con- 
struction materials, landscaping, design, plants and their care. 
Recent issues of the Bulletin have highlighted some of these gardens, 
and a description of the Bird Garden appears on page 9. 


Chinese Botanical Specimens 


As the U.S. coordinating center for the Flora of China, a joint 
Chinese-American project to produce a concise English language 
account of all the plants in China over the next 12 years, the Garden 
is in a unique position to acquire a significant number of valuable 
herbarium specimens from Chinese botanical institutions. The 
project has considerable long-term value. Six thousand Chinese 
plant species are used actively as sources of medicine, and thousands 
more have economic value. This is the first time since the 1930s that 
major numbers of Chinese plant specimens have been made available 
to Western scientists. This collection makes the Garden into one of 
the world’s major centers for study of Chinese plants. 


Shaw Arboretum Visitor Center — Phase One 


The Shaw Arboretum in Gray Summit, Missouri, forty miles west of 
St. Louis, has long been a popular place for visitors to appreciate the 
natural beauty of the Ozark region. Steadily increasing attendance 
and demand for environmentally focused education programs 
mandated a Master Plan for the Arboreutum, approved by the Board 
of Trustees in 1990, that calls for development of a number of 
features over time, including a Visitor Center Complex. 

The first phase entails renovation and expansion of the Manor 
House, a charming brick structure completed in 1879. The Manor 
House will contain interpretive displays and visitor facilities. The 
Garden has received a $300,000 matching grant from the Missouri 
Department of Conservation to support the displays and must raise 
support for the construction portion of the project by June, 1995. 


continued on next page 


EN the Garden addressed the necessity of larger facilities for 
its research program, it was clear from the start that our new 
Center for Plant Biodiversity would be more than just a build- 

ing. It would be an international center for the exchange of ideas both 
scholarly and practical, a focal point for promoting und ji d 
awareness of environmental issues that threaten our planet. 

It became imperative that the new facility embody environmental 
principles in its design and operation. With that mandate in mind, the 
Garden has assembled a team of distinguished architects who are 
deeply committed to achieving our goal. 

team is headed by the Christner Partnership, Inc., in associa- 
tion with Louis R. Saur & Associates, Inc., both St. Louis-based 
architectural firms. The Christner Partnership tl hitects and 
planners for the renovation of the Climatron® complex and construc- 
tion of the Shoenberg Temperate House, while Saur & Associates 
handled the Kemper Center for Home Gardening. The St. Louis firms 
ill collaborate with a team that in- 
cludes Environmental Planning and 
Design of Pittsburgh, who develop 
and oversee the Garden’s Master Plan, 
and the Croxton Collaborative of 
New York, the firm that has achieved 
national prominence in environmen- 
tal design with its landmark projects 
for the National Audubon Society 
Headquarters and the National Re- 
source Defense Council. 

“The amount of preliminary re- 
search on a project like this is much 
greater than for a conventional build- 


—— 


“Building 
GREEN” 


Architecture 
for the 
Future 


requires creating a building that is 
energy efficient, that makes a low 
impact on natural resources both in 
the materials used for construction and in the systems required to 
operate the building. Upfront costs for some systems must be weighed 
against potential energy savings. This requires involving the systems 
engineers early in the design process, to study and integrate all aspects 
of the building for maximum efficiency. We are still learning how to 
Study these kinds of issues.” 

It is estimated that the energy needed to create and maintain 
buildings and infrastructure in the United States represents over 50% 
of our primary energy consumption each year. There is growing 
awareness that it is imperative to improve in this area to ensure the 
Strength of our national economy. There is also a growing apprecia- 
tion of the value added to a building by increased worker health and 
productivity that flows from better indoor air quality, use of natural 
lighting, and elimination of materials that result in “sick building 
syndrome.” 


Zz 


PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN continued 


the new Climatron Complex in 1990. A generous award of 
$731,000 from the National Science Foundation has made it possible 
to prepare exhibits that will be installed in 1995, but additional 
Support is needed to complete these educational displays on habitats, 
global energy systems, ecological principals, and deforestation. 


Other Capital Needs 


In addition, the Partnership Campaign seeks support for enhance- 


Randolph R. Croxton is a pioneer in studying and incorporating 
these concerns in his buildings. For instance, selecting wood from a 
sustainable source can have a significant impact on future sources of 
supply; using floor tiles made from recycled glass or carpeting made 
from natural fibers encourages manufacturers to make these kinds of 
products. Adding skylights saves on artificial lighting; waste water 
run-off can be collected to irrigate landscape plantings, which in turn 
provide shade and help insulate the building. Using energy efficient 
lighting and cooling systems can yield significant benefits: in the 
National Audubon Society headq in New York City, the Croxton 
Collaborative confirmed a significant improvement in energy effi- 
ciency over average buildings, while improving air and lighting quality 

In addition to its plans for the new research facility, the Garden is 
fostering environmentally sound building practices here in St. Louis 
with its support of the Earthways/Green Builders Council, a consor- 
tium of local architects, builders, remodelers, and building suppliers 


Shown meeting at the Garden are (seated, from left): Lou Saur; Peter 
Raven; David Greusel of the Christner Partnership. Standing, from 
left: Randy Croxton, Ted Christner, Paul Brockmann, director of 
general services ant the Garden; Marshall Crosby, senior botanist. 


who are promoting use of environmental awareness in construction 
materials and techniques. 

The planning process for the Garden’s Center for Plant Biodiversity 
is still in its preliminary stages, but the opportunities are exciting. As 
Randy Croxton observes, “High quality buildings reward us with long 
term economic and environmental savings for the owner, the munici- 
pality, and for the country as a whole....This is a golden opportunity 
for change.” 


ments to the English Woodland Garden, the Emerson Electric Co. 
Conservation Center, and other facilities. 

Over and above the $29.5 million goal of the Partnership 
Campaign, the Garden is also seeking to meet $3.5 million in urgent 
needs. These include renovation of the 1849 Administration 
Building; construction of two major horticultural displays adjacent to 
the Kemper Center, a Boxwood Garden and a Chinese Garden; and 
much-needed work on many of the Garden’s historic buildings. 

BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 af. 


40th Annual Systematics Symposuum 


“Trends in 
Economic 
Botany” 


Speakers at the 


Eshbaugh, Charles 

Heiser, P. Mick 
Richardson, Robert 

Fraley, Gayle Fritz. 
Front row, from left: 
Beryl Simpson, Janis 
Alcorn, Gordon 
Cragg, Jan Salick. 
Not — Walter 
L 


Garden 
Hosts First 
Interna- 
tional 
Conference 
on the 
Rubiaceae 


450 SCIENTISTS tia the United States and other countries 
attended the Missouri Botanical Garden’s 40th annual 
Systematics - nanan ‘Economic Botany,” which was 
held here on October 8 and 9, 1993 
The rapacious resource consumption of the world’s 5.4 
ii pee has led to unprecedented environmental 
f biodiversity. Among other 
issues, symposium ein discussed ways that bota- 
nists can work with others to improve the world’s 
environmental situation. 
e€ symposium covered a mixture of everything from 
plants found in archaeological digs 
to cutting-edge research on the 
AIDS virus,” said Dr. P. Mick 
Richardson, manager of graduate 
studies and organizer of the sym- 
sium. “We tried to cover as 
many different aspects of eco- 
nomic botany as we cou 
Topics included how ancient 
Indians used plants, how native 
people of Peru utilize the flora, 
how we can look for cures for 
modern diseases in plants, and 
what industry can do with crops 
to make them more useful. Par- 
ticipants pondered such questions 
“How can we learn from the 


Octoser 4-6, 1993, the Garden hosted approximately 
50 botanists from 14 countries for the first scientific con- 
ference devoted to the systematics of the Rubiaceae, or 
coffee family. The conference was dedicated to Dr. John 
Dwyer, a specialist in Rubiaceae on the Garden’s research 
staff for more than 30 years. 

The Rubiaceae is the world’s fourth largest family of 
angiosperms, or flowering plants 


classification is complex, and 
many issues are far from resolved. 
Recent systematic research in the 
family considers new evidence 
from DNA, cytolo and 
anatomy. Participants presented 
results from ongoing research, us- 
ing the classification system 
proposed by Dr. Elmar Robbrecht 
of Belgium for the woody taxa as 
a starting point for discussing cur- 
rent work and priorities for 
research in this important family. 
e Rubiaceae includes man 
well known members, including 
coffee, quinine, and gardenias. It 


18. BULLETIN NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 1993 


past?” and “How can we wisely use forest resources?” 

The keynote speaker Saturday evening was the well- 
known economic botanist Charles Heiser, who spoke about 
the career of Edgar Anderson, a legendary botanist and 
curator of useful plants who served as the Garden’s direc- 
tor from 1954 to 1957. 

For the past 40 years and with almost continuous 
support from the National Science Foundation, the Sys- 
tematics Symposium at the Garden has been providing a 
forum for the exchange of information and ideas on im- 
portant trends in systematic botany. 


, 
iat 
= 
é. 
re 
ir 
= 
jl 


forms the dominant midstory component of most Neotro- 
pical forests and is a major component of Old World 
tropics as well. Dr. Charlotte M. Taylor, Dr. P. Mick 
Richardson, and Carol Davit of the Garden served as 
coordinators for the conference. 


Below: Participants in the 1993 Rubiaceae conference 


RICHARD BENKOF 


RICHARD BENKOF 


VISITORS FROM PERU -- Visitors from the Universidad Nacional de 
Trujillo in Peru visited the Garden this fall to discuss potential 
research 


collaboration. From left: James S. Miller and Rudolfo 
Vasquez, MBG; Alvaro Tresierra, dean of biological sciences at 
Trujillo; Jorge Ruiz Davila, rector of the University at Trujillo; and 


John J. Pipoly III, MBG. 


2 
a 
= 
= 
uw 
oa 
Oo 


* vt yes if, ; LL 
VistroRS FROM DENMARK -- 


visited the Garden recently to 
lecture and meet with Garden 
research staff. Shown with Prof. 


Peter Jorgensen, MBG, who was a 
student of Prof. Larsen in 
Denmark. 


GRADUATE STUDENTS NEWS 


CLIFF WILLIS 


VISITING FROM TAIWAN -- 
Chang-Hung Chou, director of 
the Institute of Botany, Academia 
Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, visited the 
Garden in September. Dr. Chou 
(center) is a member of the 
editorial board for the Flora of 
China project. He is shown here 
with Garden botanists James L. 
Zarucchi (left) and thsan Al- 
Shehbaz. 


Two New Ph.D.’s 


Tus summer two graduate students in the Garden’s program in 
systematic botany earned their doctoral degrees. 
Oliver Phillips of England came to Washington University 1n 


Oliver Phillips and Ricardo Rueda 


MarcareT THATCHER VISITS THE GARDEN -~ In September the 
Garden welcomed Margaret, The Lady Thatcher, former prime minister 
of Great Britain. Lady Thatcher is shown with Dr. Peter H. Raven, who 
hosted her informal tour of the Garden. 


| kl 
Data Lama VIsITs -- In September, His Holiness the Dalai Lama 
visited the Garden and was welcomed with an informal tour of the 
grounds and the Climatron. 


1988, studying ethnobotany under the late Garden curator Alwyn H. 
Gentry. Phillips was awarded a dissertation research grant from the 
National Science Foundation for his field work in Peru, which led to 
his dissertation “Comparative Valuation of Tropical Forests in 
Amazonian Peru.” This groundbreaking study established for the 
first time techniques for estimating the potential and actual useful- 
ness of forest plants to humans. Phillips is working as a postdoctoral 
researcher for the Center for Plant Conservation, supported by the 
Surdna Foundation, on a computer analysis of the economic 

fulness of threatened and endangered plants of the United States. 
Ricardo Rueda came to the Garden on a leave of absence from the 
faculty of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Nicaragua-Leon. 
He earned his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in plant systematics from the 
University of Missouri-St. Louis, working under the late Alwyn 
Gentry. Rueda won the Raju Mehra Award for best foreign student 
in 1991 and was named the first Peter H. Raven Fellow by UMSL. 
He was awarded a dissertation research grant by NSF for “Systemat- 
ics and Evolution of the Genus Petrea (Verbenaceae)”. Rueda is the 
first Nicaraguan botanist to earn his doctorate in the U.S. 


use 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 19. 


Ar tHe Juty 13, 1993, meeting of the St. 
Louis Board of Education, Eddie G. Davis was 
elected president of the Board. By virtue of his 
office, Mr. Davis became a member of the 
Garden's Board of Trustees, as specified in 
Henry Shaw’s Will. Mr. Davis succeeds the 


TRUSTEE PROFILE 


Rev. Earl E. Nance, Jr. as president of the 
Board of Education. 

Mr. Davis is supervisor of Community Re- 
lations for Union Electric Company, where he 
has been employed for 22 years. He served as 
a member of the St. Louis Board of Education 
from 1987 to 1989 and was elected to a six- 
year term on April 2, 1991 

Mr. Davis earned his bachelor’s degree in 
business administration and finance from St. 
Louis University in 1976. He is active in 
Many community gs 1 ,aerv= 
ing as a member of the Board of Directors of 
Downtown St. Louis, Inc.; chairman of the 
Tax Increment Finance Commission, City of 
St. Louis; chairman of the Educational Com- 
mittee, Westlake Scholarship Foundation; 
president of the Fairfax Court Neighbors As- 
sociation; vice president of the Board of 
Directors, Portfolio; secretary to the Board of 


Eddie G. Davis 


Directors of the “Sold On St. Louis” cam- 
paign, St. Louis Regional Commerce and 
Growth Association; former president of the 
Board of Directors, The Youth and Family 
Center; and a member of the Advisory Coun- 
cil of St. Louis Public Schools Career Education 
Division. 

“The advancement of science education is 
critical for the United States,” Mr. Davis said. 
“I am thrilled to be able to work with the 
Garden, which is playing such an important 
role in strengthening science education here 
in St. Louis.” 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, said, “We are 
delighted to welcome Mr. Davis to the Board 
of Trustees and to continuing the Garden's 
ongoing relationship with the St. Louis Board 
of Education. We are also deeply grateful the 
Rev. Earl Nance for his invaluable contribu- 
tions to the Garden.” 


Crosby Celebrates 25 Years at the Garden 


Ox SEPTEMBER 28, 1993, the staff honored Dr. Marshall R. Crosby, senior botanist and senior 
advisor to the director, for his 25 years on the staff of the Garden with a reception for staff 
and friends in the John S. Lehmann Building. 

Dr. Crosby came to the Garden from Duke University, where he earned both his B.S. and 
Ph.D. degrees. From the beginning of his career he was interested in the taxonomy of 
mosses, and thanks to him the Garden today is a world center for bryology. Crosby has 
guided the Garden's scientific publications since 1969, serving as editor of the Annals, and as 
founder of Monographs in Systematic Botany, MO (the Research Division's internal newslet- 
ter), Herbarium News, and NOVON. In addition, he was instrumental in developing 
TROPICOS, the Garden's computer database for botanical research. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, said, “Everything Marshall does is done with great distinc- 
tion and attention to design and style. He has always helped to make sure that we maintain 
the quality and integrity of the Garden.” 

Above: Marshall Crosby (center) cuts his annin ke with assist fi 


\Cermees } 


Monteil and Peter H. Raven. 


Olga-Martha 


20. BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1993 


GIFT PLANNING 


A Silver Lining 


Y qegrere 


Despite tl that the recent tax law changes 
represent an increase for some tax brackets, 
there is still good news to be found. The 
“silver lining” for those who are affected is 
that gifts to the Garden are a very attractive 
way to meet the new tax burdens, and at the 
me 1 1s Lanwieahl ls. With 
i o 
higher taxes, the deduction for a charitable 
gift is correspondingly more valuable. There 
is also good news in the 1993 Tax Act with 
respect to appreciated property. All appreci- 
ated property, including stocks and tangible 
personal property, is now deductible at fair 
market value and is no longer a preference for 
the Alternative Minimum Tax. 

Many of you are familiar with the Garden’s 
mission statement, “To discover and share 
knowledge about plants and their environ- 
ment, in order to preserve and enrich life”. 
That statement drives the Garden’s response 
to requests for science education, for teacher 
training programs, for information on our 
environment, and for home gardening re- 
sources. Additional support is critical to meet 
these challenges. The “silver lining” has pro- 

uced a win-win situation: an increased 
contribution to the Garden creates an impor- 
tant tax advantage for the donor, and it will 
provide crucially needed funds to further the 
Garden’s mission. If you would like more 
informati (| cS ai | . nlease 


call the Development Office at 577-9532. 


TRIBUTES 


JULY AUGUST 1998 


IN HONOR OF 


Mrs. Willard Bartlett 
Miss Martha E. Jones 

Mrs. Mary E. Baumann 
Ms. Mary L. Baumann 

Mr. Charles K. Berger 
Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Robert Blanke 


Mr, and Mrs. Edward A. 
Boeschenstein 

Dr. and Mrs: Harry Bozoian 

Mrs. Joseph A. Roy 

Mr. Richman Bry 

Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 

Mr. and Mrs. Barney Bryan 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael Cone 

Mrs. Geraldine Ca 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 

Marian Bl hristy 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward A. 
Boeschenstein 

Mr. and Mrs. David Collins 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 

ook 


Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 
ily Rebe 


Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 
Mr. Elmer Esroc 

Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Salky 
Aaron Fischer 

Mrs. Samuel D. Soule 

Caroline Elizabeth Fleisher 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. Sher 


Mr. and Mrs, E. Desmond Lee Jr. 

. 2 Mrs. Don Friedman 
r. and Mrs. Charle 

eam i 

Mr. and Mrs. * hres) Francs 

Mr. and M an 

Mr. ct 


Mrs. Saeems Schumm 
Mrs. Arthur C. Haack 


ts. Zee H 
Mrs. Harold W. Dubinsky 


Dr. and Mrs. Miles Whitener 
M arri 


Mr. and Mrs. William W. Sant 
F. Johnson 


Diane and Steve Bense 


Granddaughter of Mr. and Mrs. 


nry Katz 
Mr. and Mrs. a N. Kravin 
Carolyn Kw 
Geraldine za ae Schiller 
Granddaughter of Dr 
J. B. Martin 

Mr. and Mrs. H. A. Greenberg 
Mr. and Mrs. George McClure 
Mr. and Mrs. Lyle S. Woodcock 
Mr. Robert G. McGou: 
Peper, Martin, Jensen, Maichel and 

Hetlage 


Mr. sity Mrs. James E. McKee Jr. 


illiams 
Ms. Martha E. Jones 
Mrs. Car] Otto 
Mrs. Charles W. Lorenz 
We regret that the following tribute was 
listed incorrectly in the last issue of the 
Bulletin: 
Rising Star Missionary Baptist 
Church Past & Present Pastors: 
. & Sis. Sherman Glover, 
Rev. & Sis. Andrew Lee Smith, 
Rev. & Sis. James Kimble; 
and the Deacon/Mother Board 


Mrs. James E. McKee III 
try McWi 


Br. and Sis. wa cee 


Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. poe 
Mrs. Rosalie S: 


Geraldine and ba Schiller 
Dr. and Mrs. Ernest H. Schaper 
Dr. and Mrs. William M. Fogarty Jr. 
Mrs. Helen Scha 
Mrs. Patricia Bushman 

rtin Schneider 
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Z. Becker 
Judy and Jim Schulte 
Adele Care 
Sue and Miles Hinton 
Jacqueline Schaefer 

Sch 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Sher 
Dr. and Mrs. Alfred Schwartz 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 


Mrs. Frances Sears 

Mrs. Natalie Freund 

Robert L 

Robert il Dianne Sihnhold 
Mr. and Mrs. Leonard G. Euler 
Mrs. Jerome Sincoff 

Mr. and Mrs. Edmund Banashek 
Dr. J Skinner 


Ms. Carole Spree 
Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Arthur B. 
Smith 

Dr. and Mrs. Roy W. Osterkamp 

Mr. Robert R.A.K. Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler 

Dr. and Mrs. Sidney Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Goldberg 

Mr. and Mrs. Jo Spasnick 

Ms. Gayle Spasnick 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Spence 

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Jacobs 

Mr. and Mrs. Sanford W. Weiss 
Pauline Spi 

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 

Mrs. Miriam Stra 

Mrs. eee R. Adelson 

Mr. Mrs. Stanley M. Topper 

Mr. le Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 

Mr. and Mrs. John T. Tucker 

Mrs. James L. Hamilton 

Mrs. Barbara Uhlmann 

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 


Wei 
Coupling and se Schiller 
urt and Ba nneker 
Gideon and ect somrend 
Mr. Alan C. If 


Marge and Tony Notorangelo 

Mr. and Mrs. William Yaap Sr. 

Betty Gremaud 
i key 

Mr. Saul Zeve 

The late Mr. Leon H. Zeve 


Mr. Henry M. Altepeter Sr. 
Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer Sr. 
John G. Angles 

A. Valerie White 


Virginia J. S 
Mr. Tha Pi ie Michael Barker 
Mr. and Mrs. George P. Herron 
Mrs. Frances Bates 
Mrs. Arthur A. Dunn he 
Mr. Raymond Ba 
Mr. and Mrs. sac : Hemmer 
Lucille Beall 
Mr. Scott Beall 
Mrs. Fae Beck 
Mr. and Mrs. Saul Sussman 
Mae Belk 
Lillian Cain 
Rubin, Brown, Gornstein & Co. 
Thiel Tool & ene Co., Inc. 
Vivian Whi 
Gerald and Maren Wilson 
Dorman and Bea Wi 
BULLETIN 


Ned and Joan Shively 
Norman Bierman 
Mr. and Mrs. Leo A. Drey 
Mother of Mrs. Shirley 
Blackburn 


Patti and Jim Roman 

Son of Mrs. Herman Borg 

Jane Goz Goodman 

Mrs. Dorothy Boxdorfer 

Mrs. Betty A. Melby 

Miss Margie Brandmeyer 

Mary Lou and Ken Yadon 

Mrs. Elizabeth C. Broser 

Mr. and Mrs. Leo A. Steck 

Mr. Thomas Burrows 

Dr. and Mrs. John S. Skinner 

Mrs. Jane Cadi 

Dr. and Mrs. John S. Skinner 
1 


Jean W. Canfield 


Mr. and Mrs. R. G. Alfeld 

Elma, Jean, Frank Baker 

Mr. and Mrs. Derick Driemeyer 
r. and Mrs. Frank Gundlach 
r, and Mrs. Harold Helmkampf 


r. and Mrs. Fred H, Perabo 
s. Susan Pericich 


M 
M 
M 
M 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Moore Jr. 
M 
M: 
Mr. and Mrs. James A. Rodgers 
M 


ylvia Carafiol 


Alpha Nu ane Friends 

ald Culberson Jr. 
BHerul Fam 
Garden a of Ritenour 


euwoehner 
Jane Schott 
Miss Lillian Dammann 
Mrs. ory Korte 
Albert E. Davis 
Dr. cay Davis 
Miss Jane Davis 
Mrs. eo bes rum 
io 


Ruth S. D 


Mrs. Helen B. Ballard 
Mrs. Kyrtle Boldt Sr. 
Katherine P. Chambers 
Mrs. Richard Chomeau 
continued on next page 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 21. 


TRIBUTES Sess nig, 
John Schaffne 


continued 


Charles and Judy Coons 

Mrs. Wilma DeWeese 

Leo and Kay Drey 
Miss Elizabeth Goltermann 

Harlan and Jane Gould 

Catherine W. Guhman 

Mrs. Billie P. Houk 

Dr. and Mrs. Henry L. Knock 

Dr. and Mrs. William S. Knowles 

Mrs. Gary H. Larson 

Mr. and Mrs. Donald M. Menke 

Mr. and Mrs. Clay Mollman 


Betsy and John Reinhart 
Mr. and Mrs. Jordan is 


Dr. Joseph Warren West 
es 


Alpha Nu Chapter Friends 
r. Elvis Dye 


Mr. and Mrs. Roy E. Russell 
Mother of Mary Ann and 
ard Enlow 

Carol and Paul Gusdorf 
Mrs. Katherine Eshe 
Leonard and Myrtle Euler 
Ms. 


Dr. Marc Singer 

Mrs. Pamela J. Singer 

Mary Catherine Evans 

Dr. and Mrs. John F. Post and Family 
Dr. and Mrs. A. C. Trueblood Jr. 

Dr. and Mrs. Michael Trueblood 
Mrs. Lillie Faulk 


Mr. E. H. Fischer 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Mrs. Alyce K. Friedman 
Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Karoll 


Mrs. Robert P. Woerner 
Gass 


rt 
Priscilla and K. M. Block 
Ellen Klamon Greenberg 
Mr. and Mrs. rea Hassinger 
Deborrah Paradowsk 
Mark Paradowski 


Mr. sat ties - eff Shear 
Adrienne and Richard Tallin 
Mr. Harry Gat 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Dr. H. Gentry 


Evelyn K. Boren 

Judi Chapnick 

Merry Dahms 

Elizabeth Farnsworth 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Kopman 

Ms. Gale Anita McCaslin 

Mr. and Mrs, ighieg McCaslin 

Mosby-Year Book, In 

Elizabeth S. Neill 

Mr. and Mrs. David L. Pippert 

Bob and Marge Purk 

Marie Selby Botanical Gard 

Jessica, Vince, Michael cena 
rs. erine i 


Dr. and Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
Members’ Board 

Mr. n 
Mr. and Mrs. Philip N. Hirsch 
Mr. Francis C. Gorman 
Paul and Adrienne Biesterfeldt 

. Augusta Gottlieb 


Mr. and Mrs. — H. Goldman 
Mr. Clark Gra 
Dr. and Mrs. M. pcked Carlin 
Mr. and Mrs. F. Crunden Cole 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles S. Drew Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Lucien R. Fouke Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Alfred E. Goldman 
Mr. and Mrs. W. Da 
Mr. and Mrs. Philip N. Hirsch 
Mr. and Mrs. W. Boardman Jones Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom K. Smith Jr. 
r. and Mrs. Geo. P. Whitelaw Jr. 
r. and Mrs. —o C. Wohltman 
Mr. John L. Green 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul Flum 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack C. Taylor 

. Paul Greene 


Mr. Paul C. Cullen 
ison Hafer 

Jennifer Lodge 

Marshall Michener 


Avis int Jim Browning 

Mrs. Laura Della Croce 

Favazza’s Restaurant Employees 
ssler 


Womans Exchange Board and Staff 

Mrs. Frances Harpole 

Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 

Ha ington 

Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Barksdale 

Mrs. Frances B. sapiion 

Elvira W. Mar 
. Ka sale 

Ms. Linda Behrmann 
ur Andrew Heck 

Anita P. Booth 


oy BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 


Mrs. Ella Heimburger 

Mr. and Mrs. John Boland 

Mr. Jim Heinemeier 

Jim Moore 

Fred Rock 

Carol Jean Hi 

Lillian and John Ammann 

Jim Herr 

Marilyn, Darren, Ryan Koch 
Soria Dorothy Himmelberger 


rvel Fox 
cee Noack 
Nita Yewell 
Joseph H 
Mrs. Kenneth B. Agena 
Mrs. Elizabeth L. Jackso 


Mr. and Mrs. sar oe Mar 


sie 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur F. Boettcher Jr. 
Mr. Sandy Israel 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 
Mrs. Magda Kanton 
Gary and Pat Hughes 
Rosa Stefan 
Mrs. Tone Kasa 
Dr. and Mrs. Gerard LeDoux 
Mr. Steven Katich 
Ms. Catherine Barril 
Ma Kearns 
Mr. and Mrs. James T. Blair IV 

Leon Kesteloot 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 

Mr. Elmer G. Kiefer 

Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 

Mr. H. Dennis Kiplin 

Dr. and Mrs. John S. Skinner 

Mrs. Mary Koshner 

Dr. and Mrs. Ronald D. Gersten 
Della M. Kresko 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael M. Peters 
Mr. Harry Laba 

Mr. and Mrs. Erwin R. Breihan 

Mr. and Mrs. Louis M. Ettma 

Mr. and Mrs. Vernon a Coil Sr. 
Mr. and Mrs. John P. Kiske 

Mr. and Mrs. Gideon Schile 

M 


Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
Mrs. Jen: ock Lan: 


Mr. and Mrs. Frank A. Thompson Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. White IV 
er Lee 


Hest 
Jerry and Sally Anderson and Family 
Mr. and Mrs. Danny Faupel and 


amily 
Lawrence and Rochelle Grebel 
Frank and Rick Grebel and Family 
Sam and Pearl Heer 


Niels Pearson and Family 
Lenora A. Plab 

Brian and Evelyn Randall 
Donna and Dale Schlueter 
Kathy Williams 

Irvin and Alberta Worms 


Mrs. Dorothy Mae Linsin 
Dr. Seth N. ‘toga 

Dr. Sally L. Petito 
Mrs. Katherine Barnes Long 


Marki vse 
Clinton Family 
Commerce Bank-Investment 
Management Group 
Virginia L. Conrad 
Mrs. Irene Kramer 
Ladue Garden Club 
Doris Lange 
Lisa Leineke 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Mellow Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Scott III 
Mrs. Charles F ae ha 
Mrs. Rolla B. W 
Mr. and Sie sae K. Wezel 
James Loomis 
sea “ i nak 
Philip O. Melby 
Mrs. Betty A. nt 
Geo 


rge Millar 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Yates 
Miss Alice Miller 
Mrs. H. Luechtefeld 
Mrs. Helen Mohme 
Mr. and Mrs. Blanton Whitmire 
Mrs. Violet Muskopf 
Mrs. Mildred A. Miksicek 
Mr. Bill Nelson 
Mr. and Mrs. William Oakes 
Mrs. Melissa Lee Newport 
Sandra S. Applebaum 
Neil and Barbara Finbloom 
Sue and Fred Freeman 
Nanette R. Grube 
Mr. Howard Hanson 
Mr. and Mrs. Leo G. Kohl Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Louis Lazarus 
Mr. Timothy R. Mendelson 
acne a Fes Laurel Palmer 
ndolph 


Hib we Marti Reichman 
mi 


Dr. and ea Morton z Smith 
Mary E. S 
Gene and cheskens ing 


Mr. and Mrs. Alwin O. Mertz 
Mr. Frank Ob 

Mr. and Mrs. Frank see 
Mr. Joe O’Kane 

Mr. and Mrs. William Thies 


Michael Otto 
Alice H. Chandler 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles P. Duncker 
Mill Ridge Farm 
Orhan M. Ozmat 
Ms. Marjorie M. Ivey 
Mr. George Paige 
Mr. and Mrs. David Eisenberg 
Stella and Morris Pearlmutter 
Ms. Sheila Michaels 
Mr. Lloyd Plogger 
Margaret Joyce 
Sylvia Podell 


Mr. and Mrs. William M. VanCleve 


Mrs. Catherine Pujol 
Fred Rock 
Mr. Steven Quinn 
Mr. and Mrs. Chris Reid 
Mr. Thomas Quinn 
Mr. and Mrs. George P. Herron 
Henry Rauch 
Mary and Steve Otto 
ara Reavis 
Dr. and Mrs. Leonard L. Davis Jr. 
Mrs. Irma M. Reinheimer 
Mr. Tony Zahnweh and Families 
osie Reisenbichle 
Mr. Paul C. Cullen 
Mr. Robert W. Sadlon 
Mrs. Paul F. Ring 
Mrs. Arthur A. Dunn Jr. 


Virginia and Joe Hayden 

Mr. and Mrs. James E. Hullverson 
Mary and Gene Jantzen 

Mr. and Mrs. G. Robert Kletzker 
Mr. and Mrs. John H. Lloyd 

Mr. and Mrs, Clem L. Maher 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Trulaske Sr. 
Marcus and Shirley Tully 
r. and Mrs. C. M. Turle Apa 
Bob Whitehead and pie Doak 
Woodstock Syndica 
Mr. Joseph Rochrig 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Hemmer 
William Roller 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack D. Allen 
Joseph and Gloria Graffeo 
Reba baum 


Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Francis W. Roth 
Richard casas omg 
Ms. Mildred S$ 
Dr. and Mrs. sink 5 — 
Mr. C. Gerald Sc haaf 
Mrs. J. Hardin Smith 

rothy Schagri 
Mr. and san — T. Dooley Jr. 
Mr. John D 
Patricia E. ces 
Mr. Joel D. Sei 

Ta Mae Cassel 

Gideon Schiller 


Russell L. Sewall 
Jim and Carol Burrows 
Grace and Clair Carlson and Family 


D. J. Fingleton 
tee Corporation Staff 


Isobel Langfeld and Family 
Mr. and Mrs. Roger McKinney and 
Fam mily 
sy Paulsen 
piescas Summerson-Burrows, 
ltors 


Barbara and Phil Summerson 
Robert E. Tat 

Barbara Winnerman 

Mrs. Lois McKinney Shapleigh 

Mr. and Mrs. Larry Butterfield 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas R. Collins Jr. 
and Mrs. James E. Crawford Jr. 

Mrs. Leicester B. Faust 


Mr. and Mrs, William H. McLean 
Mr. and Mrs. John S. Penney Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Frank A. Thompson Jr. 


Audrey Shields 

Mrs. James C. Wiedow 

Mr. Rand Shrader 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard A. Schmelzle 

Mrs. Florence Simp 

Mr. and Mrs. Harold Helmkampf 

Dr. and Mrs. Antonio |. Longrais 

Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M. Steiner 

Mrs. Sarah Size 

Dr. and Mrs. Harry T. Duffy 

ret Spengenberg 
S 


Ms. Phyllis Heyssel 

and Mrs. Richard B. Rosenthal 
ees Schneider 

ce June Stouffer 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Haroian and 
Family 
Mrs. Agnes Haroian 
Mrs. Nan T. Stout 
Mr. Marc Bush 
Ms. Anne Taussi 


Lt. Col. Thad Sudol 


Miss Mary L. Sunderman 


Charles L. Suppiger 


Mr. and Mrs. William J. Reichert 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Sterling 
Mr. Jason Marc Suroff 
Mr. and Mrs. Quintus L. Drennan Jr. 
Mr. Thomas Tainter 


Melba Tiern 
George W. Hinkle 
Charlene A. Sbanotto 
Grandma Tillie 


Mrs. Patricia Bushman 
ey 


Dr. and Mrs. Josey M. Page Jr. 

Mrs. Marie Toeniskoetter 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert LaMear Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Walther 
ook 


Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Father of Mrs. Jeanne Weinberg 
Mr. and Mrs. Louis Lazarus 

Father of Mrs. Nancy Weith 
Missouri Botanical Garden - 


Margaret Baldwin 
Pat Cox 

epi Se 
Dolly 


aie Mched 


Priscilla Saxdahl 
Karuni Stallard 
Lynn Yaeger 
Mr. Charles Wetmore 
Mrs. Arthur C. Jones 
Mr. and Mrs. S. H. Whitney 
Susan Greenquist 
Mrs. Marion Wippold 
Mrs. Dorothea Schumm 
Mrs erine R. Wright 
Mr. and Mrs. Irven Hammerman 
Dr. Richard W. Yore 
Mr. and Mrs. John B. Henkle 
Mr. Leon H. Zeve 
Mr. and a: R. = are 
arde 


Missouri 


mbers 
Genin and leon Schiller 
and Mrs. Saul 


BULLETIN 


Se 
BOARD OF 


Mr. John K, Wallace, Jr. 
Presi 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.}. 


Mr. Parker B. Condie 
Dr. William H. Danforth 
Mr. Eddie G, Davis 
Mr. M. Peter Fischer 


Mr. Richard J. Mahoney 

Mr. William E. Maritz 
Mr. James S. McDonnell lil 
Mr. Lucius B. Morse Ill 
Dr. Helen E. Nash 
The Rt. Rev. Hays H. Rockwell 

Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
Mr. Andrew C. Taylor 


he 
The Hon. George R. Westfall 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman III 


Emeritus Trustees 


. Oberheide 


Mr. Daniel L. Schlafly 
Mr. Warren M. Shapleigh 
Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, }r. 
Mr. Robert Brookings Smith 
Mr. Tom K. Smith, Jr 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


Honorary TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 


Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


Memsers’ Boarp 
Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais, President 
Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy 
Mrs. gue F. Bowen, Jr. 
F. Dale Whitten 
ss Walter Perry 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1993 23. 


Inside ay 
TI lis Issue ANew’SteLouis Holiday Tradition for the Entire Family! 


oe ‘Carols 1 in the Garden 


FOR EDUCATION & ENVIRONMENT 
The Garden seeks your support for Propo- 3 A \ \ inter N ight’ F es tival 
sition E on November 2, to provide : 
needed services for St. Louis. my . featuring the 
fe : “Tower Grove House Candlelight Tour 
FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA : : 
__ PUBLISHES FIRST TWO VOLUMES Wednesday, December 1, 1993 ¢ 4 to 9 p.m. 
A landmark achievement in plant science : Tours: 4:30 to 7:30 
makes its published debut. % aw House ae: 
Ba eg Enter at the Ridgway Center 
3. FAC . | / Garden Gate Shop will be open 
HOME GARDENING ) s | a 
The sounds of holiday music fill the air as carolers roam the Garden and revelers make their 
Dried plant materials from your garden way along candlelit\paths to Tower Grove House, where they are welcomed by Henry Shaw. 
make beautiful holiday decorations. Within, Shaw's historic home is decorated in all its finery for a real Victorian Christmas tour, 
lighted with candles and warmed with holiday cheer. At Spink Pavilion Santa Claus greets 
Q. young visitors with goodies and treats, while the tram circles the Garden grounds. Start your 


holidays.with tausie andmerriment! 
YOU AND THE ENVIRONMENT ee 


The Garden expands its recycling Admission toTower Grove House Tour and Festival: 


program. $10 for membéfs, Seniors, and ¢hildren®2 and under; $12.50 for non-members. 
Festival Admission) Only: + for members. gin seniors; $2.50 for children 12 and under, 
1 0 $6 for non-members. 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS AS Admission is 4 paid reservation or pre“event ticket purchase’only. 


eS Tickets available atthe Ridgway Cemter Ticks Counter beginning November 1. 
Plan now for your holiday activities. Call (314)577-5125 for r. nee 

12. 
A GARDEN FOR THE WORLD A SPECIAL HOLIDAY EVENT 
A special pull-out poster highlights the 
Garden’s world-wide research program 


1 4. Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 
NEWS OF THE MEMBERS St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 PAID 
A Holiday Wreath Exhibit, a gift member- AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


ship special offer, plus thanks to the 
“Best of Missouri” sponsors. 


os 


te 


BUILDING GREEN 


The centerpiece of the Partnership Cam- 
paign is the new Center for Plant 
Biodiversity, which will be a landmark in 
environmentally friendly architecture. 


SERESE AD MenERoNER IRR eR 


(ae 
NK 


issou® 


GARDE 


Missouri BOTANICAL GARDEN Mission: “To DiscOVER AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE 
ABOUT PLANTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT, IN ORDER TO PRESERVE AND ENRICH LIFE.” 


On-behalf of the Garden Board and staff I wish to thank you for your support of our 
recent tax campaign. Regretfully, the voters did not feel the time was right for addi- 
tional support. The Garden has begun looking at its many priorities and existing 
programs to determine how it can meet the additional public demands placed upon it 
over the next several years. 

There are difficult decisions to make. The Garden sought funding in response to a 
growing public demand for more services, a growing need for more and better science 
and environmental education programs, and increased interaction with the community. 
We are now faced with the clear challenge to do a better job of explaining why the 
Garden deserves additional support. We look on the experience as a means of enrich- 
ment and renewal because it encourages us to find new solutions to meet our needs and 

serve the community. 
sie While the results of the campaign were far from what we had hoped, it 
' yielded some substantial benefits. The Reverend Earl Nance Jr., who 
served as treasurer and our most eloquent spokesman, provided untiring 
leadership and motivation. The campaign successfully increased aware- 
ness throughout St. Louis of the Garden’s research and education 
programs and, we hope, the Garden’s mission. 

B In addition, we were pleased with the strong support for Proposition E 
from our neighbors and our elected officials, including Alderman Steve 
Conway, Representative Pat Dougherty, and Senator William Clay Jr. 
Endorsements from the St. Louis Labor Council AFL-CIO, from local and 
regional environmental and education organizations, and from many 
individuals and groups in the African-American community were great assets in 
explaining our needs to the community. 

As we look toward a new year, the Partnership Campaign, the Garden’s capital fund 
drive, will be a primary focus. (Please see the story on the following page.) And I am 
delighted to note that the Kingshighway overpass will be reopening soon after a two- 
year reconstruction, enabling you to reach the Garden easily once again. 


na accept my thanks for your continued support of the Garden and I hope that 
1 oye 


enjoy our activities, events, and programs in 1994. 


— Peter H. Raven, Director 


New Pathways 
in English Woodland Garden 


w WERARE 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you 
move. Please enclose the mailing 
label on the back cover of this 
Bulletin and mail to: 


Name: 

Old Address: 
Street_ 

City 

State Zip 


New Address: 


Date effective: 


Street 


City 


State 


Zip 


On the Cover 
Frost creates a garden full of 
flowers on the windows of the 
Linnean House. 


Photo by Cliff Willis 


Editor 
Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
P. O. Box 299 

St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron® is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Missouri Botanical Garden is an Equal 
Opportunity / Affirmative Action employer. 
© 1994 Missouri Botanical Garden 


The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is 
published bi-monthly by the Missouri 
ical Gar 


class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 


tic and abroad, with othe 
For information, please call (314) 577- 
51 


Postmaster: Please send address 
changes to: Bulletin, Missouri Botanical 

den, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 
63166-0299. 


N Sunday, October 17, 1993, the Board of 
Trustees hosted a brunch at the Garden to introduce 
publicly the Partnership Campaign, a $29.5 million 
capital fund drive. Trustee Andrew C. Taylor, chairman 
of the steering committee, announced that the Campaign 
already has received gifts and pledges totalling 
$11,892,000, or 40 percent of the goal. 

The Partnership Campaign is based on a detailed 
analysis of the needs, costs, and potential challenges that 
the Garden will face over the next ten years. The 
primary component of the campaign is a new research 
building to house central activities of the Garden’s 
Center for Plant Biodiversity, a designation that recog- 
nizes the range and scope of the Garden’s present 
research agenda. The Center for Plant Biodiversity 
brings together the Garden’s own broad range o 
resources with those of other institutions around the 
world to concentrate on basic and applied research and 


che Partnership 
Campaign 


conservation efforts. The new research facility will 
provide urgently needed space for core scientific 
activities, the herbarium, the library, the computerized 
databases, and botanical training programs. Since a 
sufficiently large building would crowd the available 
space on the Garden’s grounds, the new facility will be 
built nearby at the corner of Shaw and Vandeventer. 
The plan has met with enthusiastic approval from 
neighborhood residents and merchants. 

The Partnership Campaign also seeks funding for a 
number of major goals, including construction of the 23 
outdoor demonstration gardens that will complete the 
William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening; 
acquisition of a rare and important collection of Chinese 
herbarium specimens; upgrading access to the library 
collection through an integrated on-line system; 
expanding and enhancing the English Woodland 
Garden; completion of the Emerson Electric Co. 
Conservation Center; renovation of the Manor House at 
the Shaw Arboretum; completion of exhibits for the 
aE e Interpretive Center; and renovation of the 

oh mann Building after dedication of the new 
research ea Further support is sought for renova- 
tion of the historic Administration Building and for 
construction of a Boxwood Garden and a Chinese 
Garden. 

Speakers at the brunch on October 17 included The 
Honorable Richard A. Gephardt of St. Louis, majority 
leader of the United States House of Representatives; Ms. 
Catherine Moore, representing Senator Christopher S. 
Bond of Missouri: and The Honorable Bruce E. Babbitt, 
United States Secretary of the Interior, who delivered the 
keynote address. continued on next page 


TIM PARKER 


} : ie § 


Above: Bruce E. Babbitt, 
United States Secretary of 
si Interior cies with Dr. 
and Andrew 
e ag i sage Secretary Babbitt 
is holding the first two 
volumes of the Flora of 
North America, which were 
presented to him at the 
luncheon. Left: St. Louisan 


Congressman Richard A. 
Gephardt with a framed 
herbarium specimen. 


TIM PARKER 


BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 5 a 


TIM PARKER 


An Appress By 
The 
Honorable 


Secretary of 
the Interior 


Arizona, not in California, but in Brazil, where in the 

course of some work across the years I began to learn 
of an extraordinary band of people — Al Gentry, Peter 
Raven, and others who revealed to me, through their 
work, a brand new world of biodiversity and tropical 
ecology. They demonstrated an extraordinary fact: that 
this organization is known throughout the world as a 
leader in issues of tropical biodiversity. 

I would like to suggest today that, with the 
commitment you have demonstrated to the 
growth and expansion of this institution, I be- 
lieve you are on the threshold of an entirely new 
era, in which the Missouri Botanical Garden is in 
the process of becoming, to St. Louis and to 
Missouri, what the Kennedy Space Center is to 
Florida, what the Los Alamos National Labora- 
tory is to New Mexico, and indeed, what the 
Silicon Valley is to California. Now I recognize 


; DISCOVERED the Missouri Botanical Garden, not in 


why it is that this institution — 
with such deep roots and such extraordi- 
nary scholarship — is now gearing up to 
meet an entirely new and expanded world 


ole. 

The first reason is that we are now 
standing on the threshold of an entirely 
new relationship between our activity on 
the land and the natural world around us. 
For so many years, from the French explo- 
rations of the Mississippi River Valley to 
the Westward Expansion by the American 
pioneers, America seemed to be a land of 
infinite space and infinite productivity, a 
landscape that could scarcely be touched, 
much less harmed in any way. As we 
began to settle the nation and finally reached the Pacific, 
we began to think a little bit about the meaning of our 
natural environment, but our first response was simply to 
say, “There’s plenty of space. We'll create a few parks and 
that will be adequate to establish and preserve our rela- 
tionship with the natural world. The National Park Service, 
a few rangers, some fences around a couple of thousand 
acres here and a couple of thousand acres there, will be 
sufficient to demonstrate our commitment to a harmoni- 
ous relationship.” 

But what we're learning now is that there isn’t enough 
empty space anymore. The empty spaces are filling up 
and you can’t keep nature fenced off on the back forty, 
because everything relates to everything else. The sum- 
mer floods on the Mississippi and Missouri remind us that 
land use practices, wetlands practices, flood control prac- 
tices a thousand miles upstream have dramatic 
consequences for everyone in the river basin. The crisis 
in the Pacific Northwest about the spotted owl and timber 
cuts really demonstrated to a lot of people in the West that 
we must examine entire systems, that everything happen- 


4. BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


The Garden 
is on the 
threshold of 
becoming to 
St. Louis 
what the 
Kennedy 
Space Center 
is to Florida. 


ing in the Cascade ecosystem is relevant, and that it’s 
impossible to fence off a tract of land — because fish and 
birds and pollution and copper smelter smoke and carbon 
dioxide don’t respect those boundaries. The salmon in 
the Pacific Northwest originates in places as far away as 
the mountains of Idaho. This fish, in its life span, swims 
down the Snake, out the Columbia, circles off the shores 
of Japan, swimming through 23 political jurisdictions — 
each one with the power of life and death over this species 
of fish. 

So, we are driven now to understand that we must 
begin to understand all of the relationships. We can’t take 
ourselves apart from ecosystems. We live in them and 
everything is our concern, from the farthest mountaintop 
to the farthest reaches of the Mississippi and Missouri to 
what goes on right in our back yard. The wetlands legisla- 
tion, the Endangered Species Act, many other pieces of 
federal legislation, are simply statements that we can't 
build fences. We can’t say that we're here, nature’s there. 
We have filled up the empty spaces. 

It's now our responsibility to manage 
nature and to learn, all of us, to live a little 
more lightly on the land and with a little 
more respect for our surroundings. It’s 
our responsibility to undertake a large and 
important process of mapping the ecosys- 
tems in which we live, inventorying all of 
the component parts and gathering that 
information up in a way that will help us 
make thoughtful decisions — not about 
whether to grow, but how to grow and 
where to grow and how to live in that kind 
of harmony. 

The research and the material being 
produced by the Missouri Botanical Gar- 
den provides the beginnings (perhaps the 
most important single beginning) of a large 
national effort to take these inventories 

to use them to map our surroundings 
as the Geological Survey did 100 years ago, so that we'll 
have the information and the advance warning on where 
the problems are. This will give us the space and the 
flexibility to accommodate development, rather than 
thoughtlessly running up against problems at the elev- 
enth hour which then create a crisis, whether it’s a spotted 
owl in the Northwest, the salmon runs, or whatever else. 

The second reason I would suggest that your institu- 
tion, the Missouri Botanical Garden, has such an 
extraordinary future, is because of the dawning awareness 
of the economic uses of biology and botany and biotech- 
nology. If you look at the remnants of the meal at your 
table, you might remind yourself that every single thing 
we consumed at this lunch is ultimately derived from 
some kind of plant created through photosynthesis from 
the sun. 

Our ability to sustain this banquet of human life de- 
pends on our ability to use biotechnology to improve 
strains of commodities, or to deal with organic systems in 
ways that can eliminate or at least modify our use of 
pesticides, or in a thousand other ways. The research 

continued on next page 


Flora Mesoamericana Is Published 


Central American countries from Guatemala and Belize to 

Panama -- has a flora that is remarkably rich and diverse. It 
includes dry forests, alpine areas and grasslands, as well as rain 
forests. Like much of the tropics, the plants of this region have been 
relatively unknown scientifically, compared to, for instance, the flora 
of North America or Europe. Thanks to an ambitious collaborative 
effort on the part of the Garden, the National Autonomous Univer- 
sity of Mexico (UNAM), the Natural History Museum in London, 
and many cooperating specialists throughout the world, much more 
is now becoming known about Mesoamerica’s extraordinary flora. 

The first volume of Flora Mesoamericana will be published by 
UNAM in Mexico in early 1994. Published in Spanish so that it will 
be of greatest use to the people who live in the region, Flora 
Mesoamericana describes, for the first time, all the vascular plants 
growing from southern Mexico to Panama. 

It represents the first major regional flora ever written 
in Spanish. Volume 6, which covers about 40 percent of 
monocots, including Poaceae, the grass family, is the first 
of the seven volumes to be published. 

Work on the project began in 1981. Since then, bota- 
nists have been collecting plants intensively, studying 
them in herbaria around the region and busily writing and 
editing. Gerrit Davidse, the Garden’s John S. Lehmann 
Curator of Grasses, has spent the majority of his research 
time on Flora Mesoamericana since the first organizational 
meetings in 1980. He coordinates the U.S. effort on the 
project, which has received its primary funding from the 
National Science Foundation. 

uring the course of the research, many interesting 
botanical discoveries were made. The most fantastic dis- 


DYN css -- the region including southern Mexico and the 


eeeee 
ste ee 


BABBITT continued from page 4 


being done here translates into agricultural success, into success in 
health care and pharmaceuticals. Twenty-five percent of the prescrip- 
tion drugs you get over the counter at a drugstore contain molecules 
which were first isolated in plants, created through aeons of evolu- 
tionary process. Many of those plants are being lost, and losing those 
plants is equivalent, in a very real way, to burning a library — 
deliberately destroying an inventory of molecules that we might never 

ave a chance or an opportunity or an insight to create entirely from 
scratch. 

For that reason, we have joined in Washington in a collaborative 
effort with the universities and biodiversity centers of this entire 
country. The hour is late, but surely we have the capacity to begin to 
use biology both to map ecosystems — to arrange and order our 
presence on the land in a thoughtful way which preserves strong 
functioning of biological diversity — and then to turn our technologi- 
cal capacity to the use of those resources for the benefit of all of us. 
For that reason I am here today — to salute the extraordinary fore- 
sight of the founding father of this facility, the generations of support 
and local effort that have gone into the Missouri Botanical Garden, 
and to suggest to you that you now stand at the threshold of an 
extraordinary expansion into a brand new future, the creation of a 
brand new phase in our collective history. Thank you very much. 


tee eee 


bebe n enews 


PACIFIC OCEAN 


covery involved a tiny threadlike plant from southern Mexico which 
turned out to be absolutely unique among the quarter million plant 
species known to science. Name donia schismati d classified 
in its own family, it is the only plant ever discovered in which the 
orientation of the sex organs is reversed; the stamen arises within 
several rings of pistils. To make an already bizarre story even more 
intriguing, Mexican botanist Marquez-Guzman and colleagues re- 

orted in a recent issue of Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden that 
pollination occurs before the flowers open. 

icodendraceae, a family consisting only of the single species of 

the genus Ticodendron, a tree with alder-like leaves, was discovered 
and described during the course of the Flora Mesoamericana 
research. It has been found in several locations in the region. 
Haptanthus, found only once in Honduras and published as a genus 
but not yet as a family, is another completely distinct group of 


leg These 

sis sensational 
discoveries 
are unprece- 
dented for 
any Flora 
in the world. 


CARIBBEAN SEA 


er) 
thee ee 
tebe ewe 
ee 


plants, awaiting only the discovery of further material for it to be 
described as a family. 

During their botanical investigations, scientists identified a new 
genus and species of tree, Ruptiliocarpon caracolito, in Costa Rica in a 
plant family that was previously thought to contain just one genus 
and species from Africa. The discovery of the relationship between 
these two groups of plants has led Garden scientists and associates to 
conclude that they both have descended from an ancestor that was 
probably present in both Africa and South America when the two 
continents were much closer together, between 100 and 50 million 


“These discoveries are absolutely sensational botanically and 
unprecedented for any Flora in the world,” said Dr. Peter H. Raven, 
director of the Garden. “This project represents a major commit- 
ment on the part of the three institutions to studying plants in a 
region of the world that is very poorly understood. We are very 
pleased to be a part of it.” 

Researchers estimate that 18,000 plant species occur in the 
800,000 square kilometer region. All data collected will be included 
in the Garden’s botanical database, TROPICOS, as well as the 
published volumes. The Flora will provide scientific and common 
names, technical botanical descriptions, distributions, taxonomic 
notes and identification keys. 


BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 se 


Dr. Edward O. Wilson 


MARK MOFFETT 


i , November 16, 1993, the Garden awarded the Henry Shaw Medal to Edward 
Osborne Wilson. Dr. Wilson, the Frank B. Baird Jr. Professor of Science and Curator in 
Entomology at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University, was honored at 
the annual dinner held at the Ritz-Carlton hotel in honor of Henry Shaw Associates and 
Garden Fellows. 

A world-renowned biologist and award-winning author, E. O. Wilson has made an 
extraordinary contribution to our understanding of life on Earth. He was honored with the 
Henry Shaw Medal for his leadership in focusing international attention on the issues 
surrounding biodiversity. 

Dr. Wilson is famed worldwide for his studies in evolutionary biology, entomology, and 
biogeography. He has won the Pulitzer Prize twice, for On Human Nature in 1979, and for The 
Ants in 1991. He received the National Medal of Science 
in 1977 for his groundbreaking studies described in his 
book Sociobiology and was awarded the Crafoord Prize by 
the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1990. He is a 
member of the Board of Directors of The New York Bo- 
tanical Garden and the World Wildlife Fund. 

z Dr. Wilson spoke eloquently about biodiversity during 
his visit to St. Louis. “This is a poorly explored planet,” he 
| : i. i) } J ils O i explained. “We know of approximately one and a half 


million species of living things; but biologists estimate 


that there are anywhere from ten to 100 million species in s 
A cd, d the world, including all the microorganisms, fungi, and af 
Uw Gh iA C insects. There are undoubtedly some unknown species Photos from The Diversity of Life by E. 
right here in St. Louis on the grounds of the Missouri _ O. Wilson, Harvard University Press 


Botanical Garden.” 1992 (reprinted by persmission) 
H. e n The loss of even one species depletes our genetic re- 
] } sources, weakening our ecosystem’s ability to adapt and 

survive. Fifty percent of all living things are found only in 

tropical forests, and tens of thousands of these species are 

S h Gh Ww doomed every year, mostly by habitat destruction, Wilson 
said. These living things may harbor substances that are 

potentially useful as sources of pharmaceuticals, food crops, 


and other materials. 
eC CT “Saving biodiversity is completely compatible with eco- 


nomic development,” Wilson asserted. As an example he 
cited a powerful painkilling chemical discovered recently 
in the skin of a 
tropical frog. The substance is 100 times more potent 
than morphine but is not addictive. 

The key to preserving the Earth’s genetic resources is 
working with entire ecosystems, not just trying to save 
individual species, Wilson said. He points out that, with 
intelligent planning, most of the conflicts that arise 

etween developers and conservationists can be avoided. 

Wilson feels strongly that the more we discover and 
understand about the natural world, the more precious it 
becomes. “The number of species that can live in a 
given area declines rapidly as the natural habitat 
becomes smaller,” he explained. “Americans have global 
concerns in many areas, and we need to recognize that 
loss of biodiversity has political consequences. Haiti is a 
prime example; many of their problems stem from a 
ruined environment. There will be many more Haitis in 
the world if national leaders don’t begin to take action to 
protect natural resources.” 


RICHARD BENKOF 


John K. Wallace, Jr. (left) presents the Henry Shaw Medal to Dr. Edward O. Wilson 
6 continued on next page 
« BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


7 


Centennial 


of the 


Henry Shaw 
Medal 


The Henry Shaw Medal, the 
highest honor bestowed by the 
Missouri Botanical Garden, 
was established by the Board 
of Trustees 100 years ago. 
Named for the Garden’s 
founder, it honors those who 
have made a significant 
contribution to botanical 
research, horticulture, conser- 
vation, the Missouri Botanical 
Garden, or the museum 
community, 


The Medal was awarded 
intermittently between 1893 
and 1935, usually in honor of 
horticulturists who had 
introduced new plants. The 
Medal was not awarded again 
until 1978, when the presenta- 
tion became an annual event, 
usually in conjunction with the 
annual dinner for major 
donors held in the fall. 
Occasionally the Henry Shaw 
Medal is awarded at other 
times as well. 


For a complete listing of 
recipients of the Henry Shaw 
Medal and their accomplish- 
ments, please refer to the May/ 
June 1993 Bulletin. 


Loss of species can occur with frightening rapidity, Wilson pointed out. He cited the 


example documented by Garden researchers Calaway Dodson and the late Alwyn Gentry. 
The two scientists discovered dozens of new flowering plant species on a single mountain 
ridge in Ecuador, only to watch 90 percent of them disappear in a “mass extinction by chain 
saw” within a short time. “We only know about these species because Gentry and Dodson 
happened to be on the scene,” said Wilson. 

Peter H. Raven said, “Edward Wilson is one of the world’s leading advocates of the need 
for understanding and preserving biodiversity. His work has had an extraordinary impact on 
scholarship and public perceptions of science, and we were delighted to be able to recognize 
his contribution by awarding him the Henry Shaw Medal.” 


0. Sage Wightman III Receives Henry Shaw Medal 


AT the meeting of the Garden’s Board of Trustees on October 27, 1993, O. Sage Wightman III 
was awarded the Henry Shaw Medal in recognition of his outstanding service to the Missouri 


Botanical Garden. 


president of the Board, who said: 

“Sage Wightman was unani- 
mously elected president of the 
Board of Trustees in January, 
1991, and served this institution 
magnificently during his two-year 


leadership for the Board and the 
institution, and I can say without 
hesitation that Sage led us well.” 

During Wightman’s tenure as 
President, the Garden realized 
many significant achievements. It 
maintained financial strength and 


Presenting the Henry Shaw Medal to O. Sage Wightman III (center) 
are John K. Wallace, Jr. and Dr. Peter H. Raven. 


stability, enabling its programs to continue to serve the public well. There was tremendous 


te) blic. m 
increase, with the 30,000th family 
d by Wightman’s leadership, the Trustees joined together to celebrate the 20th 


uide 


bers, and services provided by the Garden continued to 


member joining in May, 1992. 


anniversary of Peter Raven’s directorship of the Garden by providing significant financial 


support for the research program. 


The Center for Plant Conservation established its national 


headquarters at the Garden, creating one of the most important centers for plant research 
and preservation in the world. The Board established a new Cultural Diversity Council to 
increase multi-cultural representation and participation in at the Garden, and awarded the 
first Ernest E. Just Scholarship, which was created to inspire and support African-American 
students who pursue science degrees. We received a $500,000 challenge grant from the 
Kresge Foundation for the Conservation Center. The Education Division worked to develop 
the Litzsinger Road Ecology Center, made possible with support provided by the Litzsinger 
Road Ecology Foundation. HortLine went on-line as a gardening information service, 
providing recorded messages 24 hours a day. And public programs continued to expand, 
with the 1992 Japanese Festival breaking a record of 29,000 visitors in one weekend. 
Wallace concluded, “Sage Wightman has served the Garden well and I would like at this 
time to express the Garden’s sincere appreciation and genuine thanks by presenting him with 


the Henry Shaw Medal.” 


BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 Ts 


8. BULLETIN 


1987, when Garden researcher Duncan 
W. Thomas collected samples of a tall woody 
vine in the Korup National Park in the Southwest 
Province of Cameroon, he had no idea that he had just 
found a potential source for a treatment for AIDS. It 
would be four years before scientists realized the signifi- 
cance of this unprepossessing plant or understood that it 
was a pletely new species. 

In fact the speci Id hay urely 
This particular woody vine, or liana, has been found only 
in this single location in the African rain forest, where it 
grows in limited numbers. The plant is so similar to its 
relative Ancistrocladus abbreviatus, a species found through- 
out west and central Africa, that 
it was originally identified as that 
species. The difference might 
never have been noticed but for 
one crucial development: the plant 
was sent to the National Cancer 
Institute to be screened for pos- 
sible activity against cancer and 
HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. 

The Missouri Botanical Gar- 
den has collected plants in Africa 
and Madagascar for screening by 
NCI since 1986. When the sample 
from Korup National Park was 
tested, it showed significant ac- 
tivity against both HIV-1 and 
HIV-2. This was exciting news. 
The active chemical compound was isolated, named 
Michellamine B, and the results were published in the 
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1991. Michellamine B 
showed great promise and was approved for preclinical 
testing at NCI. 


re heen lanked irel 


Ina perplexing development, extracts of Ancistrocladus 
abbreviatus samples collected subsequently 


bbre 1 from other 
sites in Africa failed to show the anti- 


HIV activity. In 199] 


and realized that the plant with HIV activity differed in 


JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


This previously unknown 
species is very 
promising as the source 
of a treatment for AIDS. 
It could easily have 
been overlooked. ae 


The Search for 


<Mnaistrocladus 


several slight but consistent ways from Ancistrocladus 
abbreviatus. It was, in fact, a previously unknown species 
of Ancistrocladus, named korupensis in honor of Korup 
National Park where it was found. “I doubt this would 
have been noticed if not for the results of the chemical 
tests,” said Dr. James S. Miller, head of the Garden’s 
Natural Products Research Program. 

This is not an unusual phenomenon. Of an estimated 
250,000 species of flowering plants on Earth, the vast 
majority have never been extensively studied and perhaps 
ten percent have never even been named. Researchers at 
the Missouri Botanical Garden alone describe an average 
of 200 new species every year. Ancistrocladus is a genus of 
about 15 species found in west 
and central Africa and tropical 
Asia; one isolated species grows 
in eastern Kenya. Ancistrocladus 
are all canopy lianas from low- 
land rain forests. Since the vines 
grow so far above the forest floor, 
the leaves are hard to gather and 
very few herbarium specimens 
have been collected. The rela- 
tionships among the species of 
Ancistrocladus are poorly under- 


Once the new species had been 

identified as the source of 

Michellamine B, it became im- 

perative to learn more about it 

how abundant was it in the wild, where exactly did it 

grow, and how could sufficient material be collected with- 

out endangering the wild population? In December of 

1992, Jim Miller and Dr. Porter P. Lowry Il, head of the 

Garden’s Africa and Madagascar Department, visited 
Cameroon to establish an Ancistrocladus program. 

Their goals were two: to determine how much, if any, 
plant material could be sustainably extracted from the 
wild population of Ancistrocladus horupensis, and to begin 
cultivating the plants to provide material for expanded 
future research. The cultivation program is run and ad- 


“ministered by Cameroonians, with Prof. Johnson Jato of 


the University Centre for Health Sciences, University of 


Yaounde, as project leader. Emmanual Jato manages the 
cultivation facility in Mundemba, the town just outside of 
Korup National Park, with the assistance of local workers. 
Andy Thomas, a horticultural consultant hired by the 
Garden, has visited to provide technical expertise. 

Dr. Daniel Harder of the Garden’s Africa and Madagas- 
car Department also visited 
Cameroon to help set up the 
project, and Garden researcher 
Roy Gereau worked with Duncan 
Thomas to conduct the first sur- 


Vv 

Ancistrocladus korupensis. They 
found that the species is restricted 
in distribution and represented by 
a relatively small number of indi- 


known plants makes it impossible 
to harvest sufficient research ma- 
terial from the wi 

However, samples of fallen 
Ancistrocladus korupensis leaves from the forest floor were 
sent to NCI for testing and proved to contain significant 
amounts of Michellamine B. This is an important discov- 
ved for although leaves of many plants are harvested 

wide for medicinal and other uses, this is the first 
nes case where leaf litter is utilized rather than fresh 
leaves. 

A collection program was begun at once by the Garden 
and the University of Yaounde, working with the World 
Wide Fund for Nature’s Korup Project in Mundemba. 
Because the environmental impact is negligible, permis- 
sion was granted to collect the fallen A. korupensis leaves 
inside the park as well. Local laborers have been trained 


The vast majority of 
flowering plants on 
Earth have never been 
extensively studied; 
10% have never even 
been named. 


to identify the leaves and transport them to Park head- 
quarters, where they are air dried and stored in sacks for 
shipment to NCI. This harvesting technique provides an 
extraordinary array of benefits: it yields sufficient material 
for testing, protects the species and its habitat, strengthens 
the local economy, and fosters a positive attitude toward 
rain forest conservation among the 
people of the region. 

The cultivation project contin- 
ues to be of major importance, 
since the possible future produc- 
tion of a drug from A. korupensis 
would require much larger quan- 
tities plant material than can be 
collected from the fallen leaves. 
Development of cultivation tech- 
niques for A. korupensis is being 
carried out at Mundemba by the 
Center for New Crops and Plant 
Products of the Department of 
Horticulture at Purdue University, 
with the Missouri Botanical 
Garden’s ongoing participation. 

Garden researchers are continuing to conduct botani- 
cal survey work to search for additional wild populations 
of A. korupensis, and Roy Gereau is preparing an mame 
tive taxonomic revision of the entire genus. The nex 
issue of the Garden's scientific journal Novon will oublish 
the formal description of Ancistrocladus korupensis, 
authored by Duncan Thomas and Roy Gereau 

“Ancistrocladus korupensis is an excellent example of 
how little we know about plants in the tropics,” said Dr. 
Miller. “This previously unknown species is very promis- 
ing as a source of a treatment for AIDS, but how many 
more species are being lost forever before we have a 
chance to evaluate their potential?” 


nursery in M 
(left) wi sagas mian 


BULLETIN JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1994 


Left: A. apa ge under cultivation at the 
e: Dr. Porter P. Lowry II 


wo rying fallen 
Ancistrocladus leaves collected from the forest floor. 


wi 


wo 
< 
= 
2) 
xc 
i 
> 
[o) 
z 
< 


ening 


Home Gard 


Wuar could be better for 
chasing away the doldrums of 
winter than a sunny windowsill 
filled with beautiful, fragrant, 
and delicious herbs! Herbs are 
prized for their cosmetic, 
culinary, and medicinal value. 


In the garden, herbs may be 
planted in formal designs such 
as an intricate knot garden, 
wagon wheel, or ladder garden, 
or they may be planted free-form 
for a more informal look. Herbs 
make excellent container plants 
for the gardener with limited 
space. They are also attractive 
when spilling out of window 
boxes, suspended in hanging 
baskets, or as topiaries. 

Herbs are a good choice for 
the environmentally minded 
gardener as they generall 
require little water and fertilizer. 
They are also relatively free of 
pest and disease problems and 
often act as natural insect 
repellents in the vegetable 
garden. Herbs can be integrated 
into your lawn, lessening the 
dependency on herbicides and 
fertilizers. Herbs are beneficial 


in the flower garden as well, 

attracting pollinators such as 

butterflies, bees, and humming- 
ir 


Growing Herbs Indoors 

An indoor herb garden extends 
the gardening season and 
provides a year-round source for 
fresh herbs. In addition, an 
indoor herb garden can act as a 
nursery for propagating new 
plants for the outdoor garden or 
serve as a “holding area” for 
over-wintering tender perennial 
herbs. 

Perhaps the greatest chal- 
lenge when growing herbs 
indoors is providing them with 
sufficient sunlight. Herbs do 
best when grown in a very 
sunny window that receives 
between six and eight hours of 
direct sunlight each day 
(typically a southern or south- 
western exposure). When 
growing herbs under natural 
light, be certain to rotate the pot 
every three to four days to 
insure uniform growth of the 
plant. If your most convenient 
window location does not 
receive enough sunlight, you 
can supplement natural lighting 
with fluorescent light. In 
general, for every hour of 
required sunlight, expose the 
plants to two hours of fluores- 
cent light. 

Herbs may be grown entirely 
under artificial light. Herbs 
grown in this manner will 
require between 14 and 16 hours 
of artificial light. Place herb 
plants no closer than five or six 
inches apart, and no farther than 
15 inches from the light source. 

Herbs demand good drainage 
for healthy growth. A potting 
mix of equal parts sand, 
commercial potting mix, peat 
moss, and perlite will provide an 
excellent medium for growing 
herbs indoors. When potting up 
your herbs choose clay pots, as 
they are more porous than 
plastic pots, allowing for better 
soil drainage. 

Herbs prefer temperatures 
below 70° F. Be certain not to 


10. BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


THE WINDOWSILL HERB GARDEN 


locate your indoor herb garden 
near a heat source such as a 
radiator or heat vent. If the air 
is dry where you live, place the 
herb pots in a tray of stones and 
keep the tray filled with water 
just up to the bottom of the pot. 
Providing ample humidity will 
promote good herbal growth 
while keeping the foliage 
succulent and tasty. 

Most herbs will benefit from 
an occasional feeding with a 
liquid fertilizer such as fish 
emulsion or seaweed. In 
general, feed herbs every two 
weeks according to the 
manufacturer's instructions. Be 
certain not to overfeed your 
herbs, as too much fertilizer is 
far more likely to damage your 
herbs than too little. 


Culinary Herbs 

Perhaps the most popular reason 
for growing herbs indoors is for 
culinary use. In the kitchen, 
herbs accent and enhance the 
flavor of food. Herbs can also be 
used as garnishes, in drinks, in 
finger bowls, or as edible 
centerpieces. The following list 
of culinary herbs are easily 
propagated and well-suited to 
the indoor garden. 

Chives and thyme - It is best 
to grow chives and thyme by 
cluster sowing, which permits 
these herbs to grow ina fairly 
thick stand. Cluster sow by 
evenly spreading 15-25 seeds 
across the surface of a four-inch 
clay pot filled with moistened 
potting mix. Cover the seeds 
with a fine layer of sand and 
place the pot in natural light but 
out of full direct sunlight. In the 
home, pots may be placed on the 
top of the refrigerator to provide 
bottom heat, hastening germina- 
tion. Cover with a plastic bag to 
retain moisture or mist daily 
until germination. 

Chives are perennial plants 
that grow from eight to ten 
inches tall. Chives prefer a nice 
sunny location and do very well 
in windowsill containers. Feed 
chives every couple of weeks 
with a liquid fertilizer, and 


provide the plant plenty of 
moisture. 

Chives have been known 
from as far back as China in 
3000 BC. Chives were used in 
ancient times to drive away evil 
spirits and they are reported to 
aid in the digestion of fatty 
foods. Use chives in cream 
cheese, sour cream, soups 
salads, herb butter, and breads. 

Thyme is a sturdy, low- 
growing perennial that rarely 
grows taller than eight to ten 
inches. A member of the mint 
family, thyme does very well 
indoors when provided with full 
sun and an occasional feeding. 
Thyme does not tolerate low 
humidity, therefore, be certain 
to provide thyme with an 
adequate source of humidity 
when growing the plant indoors. 

hyme is the symbol of 
strength and courage. Roman 
soldiers would often bathe in 
thyme water before engaging in 
battle. Thyme was used by the 
ancient Egyptians for embalming 
and it is still used as an ingredi- 
ent in embalming fluid. It is also 
an ingredient in cough medi- 
cine. Use thyme to season 
meats, poultry, soups, and salad. 

Basil and parsley - To grow 
basil and parsley, use the spot 
sowing technique. This is 
identical to cluster sowing 
except that only three to five 
seeds are sown per pot. When 
seedlings are between one and 
two inches tall, remove all but 
the hardiest and nurture the 
remaining seedlings to maturity. 

Basil is an annual plant that 
grows from 18-24 inches tall. 
Basil does nicely indoors if 
pinched back and not allowed to 
flower. Pinch off the growing 
tips of branches to keep the ; 
plant compact and bushy. Basil 
prefers soil that is kept barely 
moist. Fertilize basil about once 
a month with a liquid fertilizer. 

Basil is the symbol for 
courtship. Ancient Greeks and 
Romans believed that you must 
shout and rave when you plant 
basil. In France, “semer le 
basilic” translates to raving (as in 


raving mad). In India, sprigs of 
basil are tied on the dead to 
protect them from otherworldly 
evil. Culinary uses for basil 
include pesto, vinegar, soups, 
herb butter, and stews. 

Parsley is a biennial plant 
that can be grown indoors in 
partial shade or full sun. 
Germination of parsley seeds 
may be hastened if they are 
soaked for 24 hours before 
planting. The outside leaves of 
parsley should be cut to keep 
the plant about eight inches tall. 
Keep parsley well watered, 
especially when young. 

The word parsley means 
“stone breaker.” Ancient 
Romans wore crowns of parsley, 
as they believed it kept them 
from getting drunk. Parsley is 
often eaten after a meal to aid in 
digestion. Use parsley in soups, 
stews, vegetables, and fish 
dishes. 


Rosemary and sage - 
Growing rosemary and sage can 
be done by rooting stem tip 
cuttings. Use a razor blade to 
take a three- to four-inch tip 
cutting just below a growing 
node on the parent plant. Strip 
the leaves on the bottom of the 
cutting, leaving a three-quarters 
to one-inch stem. Insert the 
stem into a small clay or plastic 
pot filled with one part sand and 
one part perlite. Water the 
rooting medium thoroughly and 
do not allow it to dry out. Mist 
daily until roots form. If 
desired, a rooting hormone may 
be applied to the stripped end of 
the stem cutting to hasten new 
root formation. 

Rosemary is a perennial plant 
that grows from three to five feet 
tall. Rosemary can be grown 
indoors with less light than most 
herbs. Keep rosemary moist and 
do not allow the soil to dry out. 
Your rosemary plant will benefit 
from frequent misting and 
regular feeding with a dilute 
fertilizer. 

Rosemary is the symbol of 
remembrance and has a reputa- 
tion for strengthening memory. 
Rosemary was thought to 


prevent typhoid fever. During 
the typhoid fever plague of 
1665, rosemary was placed on 
the handles of walking sticks 
and pouches to be sniffed when 


travelling through infected areas. 


Culinary uses for rosema 
include meat dishes (especially 
lamb), baked potatoes, and herb 
butter. 

Sage is a perennial plant that 
grows to be two feet tall. Sage 
prefers a sunny location and 
well drained soil. Water sage 
thoroughly, but allow soil to dry 
out before watering again. 
Indoors, leaves should be 
pinched back to keep the plant 
compact and bushy. 

The sage plant has been 
highly praised on many conti- 
nents for its powers of longevity. 
The word sage means “I am 
well.” Sage has been used 
throughout history as a digestive 
aid. In the kitchen, sage is used 
to flavor poultry dishes, herb 
butter, vinegar, and tea. 

Oregano and mint - The 
easiest way to start mint and 
oregano is by root division. The 
best time to take divisions of 
perennial herbs is approximately 
four to six weeks before the 
spring frost date. To obtain a 
root division, dig up the parent 
plant and cut or pull it apart into 
pieces. Transplant your new 
root divisions into a clay pots 
and water thoroughly. 

A perennial herb, oregano 
makes an attractive container 
plant with leaves that trail over 
the sides of the pot. Oregano 
requires lots of sunlight and will 
tolerate dry soil and neglect. 
Pinch off growing shoots to keep 
your plant at a reasonable 
height. 

Oregano is the symbol of 
happiness. The word oregano 
means “mountain brightness.” 
Ancient Greeks used oregano to 
decorate their graves to insure a 
happy afterlife. Romans 
included oregano in their bridal 
wreaths as a symbol of a long 
and happy marriage. Culinary 
uses for oregano include 
spaghetti sauce, pizza sauce, and 


72 ta PP ew et o.2 &.F 


The Garden has several telephone services available 
to assist you. 


GardenLine (314) 577-9400 
24-hour recorded information about Garden events, 
hours, admission and directions.Outside area code 
314, call 1-800-642-8842 toll free, 24 hours a day. 


Horticu erService (314) 577-5143 
Monday through Saturday, 9:00 a.m.tonoon. Master 
Gardeners are on hand to answer your gardening 
questions. The Answer Service does not have Satur- 
day hours November through February. 


HortLine 
24-hour 5 4 
with a touch tone telephone. You will need a bro- 
chure listing the hundreds of HortLine topics in 
order to use the service; you may request a brochure 
by calling the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at 
(314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily. Plants in 


(314) 776-5522 


Bloom at the Garden is updated weekly. Press 3 


when you call HortLine. 


Master 


Hotline (314) 577-9555 


Composter 
9 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. Specially 


your 


After hours leave a message and your call will be 
returned. The Master Composter program is sup- 
ported by the Monsanto Fund. 


other Italian dishes. 

ints are good container 
plants and do very well indoors. 
Unlike many other herbs, mints 
will tolerate a minimum of two 
to three hours of sun and do not 
seem to mind having “wet feet”. 
Mints should be trimmed back 
frequently to maintain a height 
of eight to ten feet. 

Mint was the symbol of 
strength to the ancient Greeks. 
In medieval times, mint was 
used to clear the head and 
quicken the senses. Mint leaves 
are used in salads, desserts, cold 
drinks, teas, and as garnishes. 

Whether you are an amateur 
or an expert, a windowsill 
garden provides an ideal winter 
gardening project. So, grab your 
favorite seed catalog, pour 
yourself a nice, hot cup of herbal 
tea, and dream of garden magic 
to come. 

Katie Belisle, 
Horticultural Coordinator 


Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening 


Open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 
daily. 


The Plant Doctor is avail- 
able 10 a.m. to noon and 1 
to 3 p.m. Monday through 
Saturday. 


Admission to the Kemper 
Center is free with regular 
Garden admission. 


BULLETIN JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1994 11. 


every day 


Free Walking Tours 

1 p.m. daily. Meet the Garden Guides at 
the Ridgway Center ticket counter, rain or 
shine, for a fascinating tour of the Garden. 
Free with regular admission. 


wednesdays & saturdays 
Garden Walkers’ Breakfast 


7 a.m., grounds. In cooperation with the 
American Heart Association, the grounds 
open early every Wednesday and Saturday 
morning to encourage fitness walking. 
Greenhouses open at 9 a.m. Breakfast is 
available for purchase in the Gardenview 
Restaurant, 7 to 10:30 a.m. Admission is 
free on Wednesdays and Saturdays until 
noon. 


continuing 
Ecology of U.S. Agriculture: 


Past, Present, and Future 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Brookings Interpre- 
tive Center. A pictorial history o 
American agriculture demonstrates the 
role of agriculture in the environment, 
using visual displays, computers, and 
hands-on activities. Problems, solutions, 
and future challenges are presented. 
Developed jointly by the University of 
Missouri College of Agriculture, Food and 
Natural Resources, University Extension, 
and the Garden. Free with Garden 
admission. 


january 22 -- february 20 
fete Show 


12. BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


aaa 
Members’ Days 
january 25 tuesday Potting Orchids 


i - m., Shoenberg Auditorium. A demonstration lecture by 

oux, senior horticulturist in charge of the 
Ganda! s orchid collection. Marilyn will discuss orchids and 
how to repot several types of orchids. Also enter a drawing 
for a beautiful Garden orchid. Free, for members only. 
Seating is limited. 


february 16 wednesday Fun with Gourds! 
10:30 a.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Chip Tynan of the 
Horticultural Answer Service will present a humorous and 
enlightening lecture on growing gourds, including the many 
uses of these humble plants in crafts and displays. Also 
enter a drawing for a gift certificate. Free, for members only. 
Seating is limited. 


january 4-5 january 21 friday 
tuesday - wednesday Members’ Preview: 
Garden Gate Shop Orchid Show 

Closed for Inventory 5 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. 


Entertainment, cash bar. 
Enter a drawing for spectacu- 
lar Garden orchids. Dinner 
buffet is available in the 
Gardenview Restaurant, and 
the annual Orchid Sale will 
debut in the Garden Gate 
Shop. Free, for members 
only. See highlight. 


january 20 -- february 20 


Orchids of Missouri 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, 
Monsanto Hall, Ridgway 
Center. An exhibit of photog- 
raphy by Bill Summers, author 
of Missouri Orchids. The 
exhibition features native 
orchids and addresses the 
greatest threat to their survival 
in the wild -- habitat destruc- 
tion. Free with Garden 
admission. 


january 22 — february 20 


Orchid Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Garden 
Gate Shop. Members receive 
20 percent discounts on all 
orchids and orchid gardening 
accessories. 


New! 
february 25 friday 
Tea at the Garden: 


“Camellias in Winter” 
Noon and 3 p.m., Spink Pavilion. Enjoy a 
sumptuous luncheon of afternoon tea at 
the Garden, the first in a planned quarterly 
series. The highlight of the afternoon is a 
stroll through the historic Linnean House 
to view the array of lovely camellias in full 
winter bloom. Tickets will be available by 
calling 577-5125 beginning February 1, 
1994; price to be announced. 


NEWS FROM THE CENTER FOR PLANT CONSERVATION 


URING its Octo- 

ber 15, 1993 

meeting at The 
North Carolina Arbo- 
retum in Asheville, 
North Carolina, the 
Board of Trustees of 
the Center for Plant 
Conservation elected 
Brien A. Meilleur, 
Ph.D., president and 
executive director. 
He succeeds Donald 
A. Falk, who i 
returning to graduate 
school. 

“Brien has a solid record of achievement in research, 
management, and fund-raising,” said William A. Truslow, 
CPC Board Chairman. “He possesses the knowledge, 
skills and hands-on conservation experience to take the 
CPC into the next centu 

Previously Dr. Meilleur was director of the Amy B. H. 
Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden in Captain Cook, Ha- 
waii, a part of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, the Hawaii 
State Museum, where he was responsible for developing 
and guiding all aspects of garden research, education, and 
conservation. He was able to secure funds to create and 
annually support a research program in Hawaiian ethnob- 


Ww 


Brien A. Meilleur, Ph.D. 


T do the Today Show, USA Today and People 
Wires: have in common? They, and many other 
newspapers, magazines, radio and television broad- 
casters, are bringing the important work being done at the 
Missouri Botanical Garden to the attention of an interna- 
tional audience. 

Since the landmark August 1990 National Geographic 
feature on the Garden, the staff of the Garden’s public 
relations office has been active in working with a wide 
array of regional, soho heig vii paieenaponal news organi- 
zations. More than published 
or broadcast in the past three years -- reaching a cumula- 
tive audience of several hundred million people. 

Douglas Arnold, manager of the public relations de- 
partment, and Janine Adams, public relations specialist, 
say the success of the PR program lies in the strong media 
relationships they have built from coast-to-coast. “When 
journalists are calling you to ask your opinion of a new 
Story idea, a two-way relationship is established -- making 
all the difference between one national omy every three 
years and mp national stories every year,” said Adams. 

Her fi stories about the Garden’s 
many projects. She has travelled in the field with Garden 
botanists to learn first-hand how they collect and identify 
plants. This experience led to a major story appearing on 
page one of the Washington Post in August 1992. 

In addition, the Garden has been covered in The New 
York Times, Associated Press, San Francisco Examiner, the 


otany, to build a modern propagation facility, and to plan 
formally for construction of a Bishop Museum satellite 
facility at the site. This includes the complete mapping of 
the garden and all outplanted accessions, which more 
than tripled during his tenure. 

Meilleur was named to the Plant Conservation Task 
Force of the Species Survival Commission of IUCN - The 
World Conservation Union during a task force meeting in 
London, November 16-18, 1993. The Plant Task Force 
acts as the principal source of advice to the Union and its 
members on the technical aspects of plant conservation 
worldwide. 

Meilleur is currently Secretary/Treasurer of the Society 
of Ethnobiology. He received his Ph.D. degree in anthro- 
pology in 1986 from the University of Washington, Seattle. 


Mellon Foundation Supports CPC 
Operations 

The Center for Plant Conservation recently received a 
$750,000 general operating grant from The Andrew W. 
Mellon Foundation. The grant will help to support the 
work of the CPC over the next three years. 

“The Center greatly appreciates this extraordinary 
vote of confidence in our ongoing and future plant 
conservation efforts,” said Dr. Brien A. Meilleur, CPC 
president. “We extend our sincerest gratitude to the 
Mellon Foundation.” 


Today Show, The Times of London, Southwest Airlines 
Spirit magazine, USA Today, CBS’ “How'd They Do That?”, 
the Home Show with Gary Collins, Walking magazine, 
Southern Living magazine, BioScience, the Osgood Report, 
People magazine, Smithsonian, Science magazine, Continen- 
tal Airlines magazine, Scripps-Howard News Service, TW. 
Ambassador magazine, New Orleans Times-Picayune, the 
Christian Science Monitor, Los Angeles Times, and hun- 
dreds of daily newspapers around the nation. 


The x cw yHork i Times e 
The Washington Post 


THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR 


Brien A. 
Meilleur Is 
New 
President 
of CPC 


Garden 
In the 
National 
News 


BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 13. 


Members 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Honored at the luncheon were (front row, 

from left): Mim Kittner, Ruth Buerke, 

Jeanette Neuner, Peter Raven, Sue Oertli, 
rey 


Dorothy Kinyon. Not pictured: Sue Rapp, 
Carolyn Ullensvang, Lib Walbaum. 
1994 Members’ Days 

Jan. 25 = “Potting Orchids” 

Feb. 16 “Gourds Are Fun!” 


Mar. 16 “For the Birds” 


Apr. 28 = Tours of Specialty Gardens 


MEMBERSHIP SERVICES Desk CELEBRATES 
a an: See 


May 19 = Guided Sculpture Walk 


S A Tenth Anniversary June 17) = Members’ Musical 


INCE 1983 visitors have been welcomed to the Garden by volun- Evening 


teers at the Membership Services Desk in the Ridgway Center lobby. July 12 
The success of the program has been extraordinary: in ten years the 
Desk has sold 34,000 memberships, generating $1.5 million in rev- 
enue for the Garden. 

Ata luncheon in Spink Pavilion on November 10, 1993, Dr. Raven 
paid tribute to the volunteers who have made this achievement pos- 
sible. He said, 

“A decade ago the idea of a Members’ Desk was conceived through ee eae pd of 
the Members’ Board during Nora Stern’s presidency. Nora, always oe Gere 
eager to embrace new challenges for the Garden, asked Sue Oertli to 
chair a committee that would organize and implement the desk and its 
activities. Sue enthusiastically took on the task and was able to create Natural Materials 
the initial desk and organize the volunteers. It was first considered . 
operational in June of 1983 with ten Board Members as volunteers. Its tay tiers esd 
purpose, which has been maintained to this day, was to sell member. a 
ships, handle special needs of the members, and provide general 
information for all Garden visitors. 

“Following the establishment of a permanent location, 

Mim Kittner assumed the chairmanship of the Desk in 
1985 when Sue Oertli took over the responsibilities 
as president of the Members’ Board. Mim, in her 
conscientious and caring manner, developed a 
strong volunteer training program increasing 
the number of Desk volunteers significantly. 

The Desk now has 49 regular volunteers. 


“Don’t Let Them Bug You” 
Aug.6 Dawn Photo Session 


Sept. 21 “Dried Flower Arranging” 


Nov. 30 “Holiday Decorating with 


” 


contributions to this outstanding program.” 


14. BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


1994 MEMBERS’ TRAVEL PROGRAM 


The Gardens of Wales 


May 14 -- 22, 1994 


GET YOUR PASSPORT READY for a scenic tour of the gardens, castles, 
homes, and ancient archeological sites of Wales. The tour will stay 
at historic Bodysgallen Hall, with visits to the splendid gardens of 
LLewesog, Bodnant, Bryn Bras Castle, Foxbrush, Plas Newyydd, and 
Caernnarfon Castle. Special lectures will be given by Nigel Brown, 
curator of the Trebarth Botanic Garden at Bangor; Maldwyn Thomas 
of the BBC; and Michael Senior, garden historian. A visit to the 
Celtic and Druid Gallery on the Isle of Anglesey will include a 
lecture by a Druid archaeologist and a tour of his gardens. The tour 
moves to The Lake Country House Hotel for visits to Powis Castle, 
Whitton Hall, Lisdinam, Great Campston, Lower House Farm, 
Penpergwyn Lodge, and the Neuadd, home of Hortus, the interna- 
tional garden journal. At several stops the group will be entertained 
by the owners of the historic gardens. 

For complete information on this exciting travel adventure, please 
call Brenda Banjak at (314) 577-9517. 


VOLUNTEER PROFILE Midge Tooker 


For more than 22 
years, Marjorie 
(Midge) Maddox 
Tooker has shared 
her love of trees with 
hundreds of Garden 
visitors. She began 
coming to the Garden 
after the Second 
World War and as a 
= Ra. Garden Guide she 
wie has witnessed the 
Garden's transformation into a world renowned institution. 

A native of St. Louis, Midge graduated from Mary Institute, and 
from Vassar in 1944. She served in the Women’s Army Corps in India 
and worked at Washington University before her marriage in 1948. 
She and her late husband Charles, another native St. Louisan, shared 
a love for nature in their travels on safaris, float trips, and trips to the 
western United States. 

Over the years Midge has taught in the St. Louis Public Schools and 
has worked with programs for the Junior League and the United 
Nations. As a Garden Guide, she claims that she always has been a 
frustrated botanist and fulfilled her interest by learning about trees. 
She developed her expertise by joining the Webster Groves Nature 
Society, taking wildflower walks with Father Sullivan and Edgar 
Denison, and attending botany classes at Washington University. She 
has given Garden Tree Talks for the past several years. Together with 
Barbara Cook, she was co-chair of the Guides from 1985-1986. 

The Garden has been fortunate to benefit from Midge’s knowledge, 
time, and energy over the last quarter of a century. Everyone she has 
met has benefitted from her association, and we are delighted that she 
will continue to be involved with the Garden Guides. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Journey to the 
“Tropical Rain Forest” 
at the St. Louis 
Science Center 


GARDEN MEMBERS will receive a 
$1 discount on tickets for the 
film “Tropical Rain Forest”, 
showing January 7 through May 
5, 1994 at the St. Louis Science 
Center's OMNIMAX® Theater. 
Just show your Garden member- 
ship card at the Science Center 
Box Office. Regular ticket prices 
are $5 for adults, $4 for senior 
adults, and $4 for children ages 
12 and under. 

Experience the planet's most 
diverse ecosystems, from the 
forest canopy hundreds of feet in 
the air to the ground below your 


feet. 
Call 289-4444 for showtimes 
and more information. 


GARDEN 


Y ry ‘ 
GATE 


SHOP 


Closed for Inventory 


THE GARDEN GATE SHOP will 
be closed for annual inventory 
January 4 and 5, 1994. Plan to 
come in beginning January 6 for 
special savings on reduced mer- 
chandise! 


Orchid Sale 


The annual orchid sale begins on 
January 21, in conjunction with 
the members’ preview of the Or- 
chid Show. The sale continues 
until February 20. Members re- 
ceive 20 percent off on all orchids 
and orchid-growing accessories. 


Valentine’s Day Is 
February 14 

Visit the Garden Gate Shop for a 
wide selection of delightful Val- 
entine gifts for the sweetheart in 
your life. 


Volunteers Needed! 


VOLUNTEERS are needed to work 
on special projects and events at 
the Garden. These tasks are var- 
ied and require a flexible schedule. 
Weekday jobs include stuffing and 
hand addressing envelopes, mark- 
ing prices and setting up for sales 
in the Garden Gate Shop. Week- 
end jobs might include helping 
with events like the Japanese 
Festival. 

Volunteers are also needed on 
a regular basis. The Library needs 
Russian translators, plus assis- 
tance with exchange files and new 
book acquisitions. Tower Grove 
House needs tour guides seven 
days a week. The Center for Plant 
Conservation is looking for re- 
ceptionists and assistance in the 
Horticulture Division library. The 
Garden Gate Shop needs sales 
people. Horticulture is looking 
for workers in the Climatron and 
for indoor/outdoor work with 
Plant Records. 

Please call Jeanne McGilligan 
at (314) 577-5187 for an applica- 
tion or more information. 


eee 
Thank You to Holiday 
Decorators 


THE GARDEN extends warmest 
appreciation to all of the individu- 
als and organizations who 
contributed so generously of their 
time and energy to decorate Tower 
Grove House for the holidays: 


The Four Winds Garden Club 

The Garden Club of St. Louis 

The St. Louis Herb Society 

The Twenty-Five Gardeners of 
Kirkwood 

The Tower Grove House Auxiliary 

The Members’ Board, Missouri 

Botanical Garden 

The Southwoods Garden Club of 
Shrewsbury 

The Fleur de Lis Garden Club 

The Webster Groves Garden 
Club #4 


The Historical Committee 
Joan Abeln 

Bernadine McNeary 
Tower Grove House Staff 


BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 15. 


OCA ION DivisioN NEWS 


Howard Hughes 
Medical Institute 
Grant Funds Teacher 
Training 

THANKS to a $125,000 grant from 
the Howard Hughes Medical In- 
stitute, the Garden has initiated a 
Natural Science Institute for El- 
ementary Teachers that will help 
thousands of children toward bet- 
ter understanding of the natural 
world and how it operates. The 
Garden was one of only 22 sci- 
ence museums throughout the 
United States to receive a grant 
this year from the Howard Hughes 
Medical Institute as part of its pre- 
college science education program 
for science museums. 

This innovative teacher train- 
ing and leadership program will 
provide professional development 
for 40 elementary teachers, 10 
each year, starting in 1994. Half 
of the participants will be from 
lower elementary grades (K-2) 
and half will be from grades 4-6. 

Between January and May of 


each year, the ten participating 
teachers will attend a series of 
workshops on science content, 
hands-on activities, and instruc- 
tional strategies for teaching about 
ecology, plants, and the environ- 
ment. During the summer, these 
same participants will work 
closely with Garden education 
staff to help teach summer pro- 
grams for children, practicing 
many of the lessons and activities 
with the help of Garden person- 
nel. Finally, the participants will 
return to their own classrooms in 
the fall and incorporate new 
knowledge and skills into their 
own teaching. They will also con- 
duct a number of workshops for 
other teachers in their schools. 
“We are absolutely delighted 
that the Howard Hughes Medical 
Institute is supporting this teacher 
training program,” said Dr. La 
DeBuhr, director of education. 
“The model we are using in the 
Natural History Institute for El- 
ementary Teachers will allow us 
to develop a sustained relation- 
ship with Participants, such that 


Ecologist Leads Program Development at the 


Litzsinger Road 
| a 


’ * 
= Pit on ml 


WILLIAM DAVIT 


34-acre outdoor environmental ed 
ated by the Garden. 
Dr. Bramble’s involvement with the Garden be 


16. BULLETIN 


Ecology 


Center 


). The LREC isa 


ucation center in Ladue that is oper- 


gan in 199], when 
“Tange planning for 
ughout the United 
nters, talking with 


JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


at the end of the project, there 
will be a corps of 40 elementary 
teachers with special talents in 
ecology and environmental sci- 
ence that will enhance science 
education in St. Louis schools.” 


Stream Ecology Grant 
from Garvey 
Foundation 


THE GarDEN has received an 
$8,000 grant from the Edward 
Chase Garvey Memorial Founda- 
tion to help support an integrated 
aquatic biology and water quality 
program in the Education Divi- 
sion. The Edward Chase Garvey 
Memorial Foundation joins the 
U. S. Environmental Protection 
Agency and the Allen P. and 
Josephine B. Green Foundation 
in sponsoring this project. 

With this generous contribu- 
tion, the Garden can move ahead 
to develop a middle school cur- 
riculum for use in science classes 
throughout Missouri. This kit will 
include a kit of instructional ma- 


terials that will be loaned to teach- 
ers and a stream ecology journal 
for school children. Each year, 
children ages 12 to 13 will be able 
to participate in the Stream Ecol- 
ogy Program, sharing data with 
other students through a com- 
puter network. Finally, middle 
school teachers will be able to 
participate in a series of summer 
workshops in aquatic ecology and 
water quality, helping them to as- 
Sist their students in 
understanding these important 
issues. 


Nancy D’Arcy Returns to the 
Garden — We are happy to an- 
nounce that the St. Louis Public 
School District has once again as- 
signed Nancy D’Arcy as a special 
teacher at the Garden for this 
school year. (Please see the pro- 


December 1992 Bulletin). 
unique partnership between the 
Garden and the school district is 
another example of the coopera- 
tion between the two institutions. 
Welcome back, Nancy! 


environmental educators, and evaluating outdoor programs. She also 
convened and directed an advisory panel, and her report now serves as 
the basis for program development at the LREC. 

Judy's ability to merge field ecology with teaching methods and an 
understanding of the scientific process allows her to make a very 
valuable contribution to education at the Garden,” said Dr. Larry 
DeBuhr, director of the Education Division. 

In her role as an ecologist Dr. Bramble assisted with a biosurvey that 
identified many of the plants and animals at the LREC site and forms 
baseline data for comparison in future years. She initiated and ee 
Supervises a program where students and teachers can apply for sma 
Srants to use the LREC for research and educational projects. And she 
is working on a field manual that will help teachers throughout Mis- 
souri better use outdoor laboratories with their own students. : 

“Science teaching should engage students actively in researc 
Projects,” Dr. Bramble said. Programs at the Litzsinger Road Ecology 
Center will provide opportunities for students and teachers to under- 
stand better the process of science through ongoing, i 
exploration and €xperimentation. As participants learn more abou 
ecology, natural history and the environment, they will gain a greater 
awareness of and appreciation for the natural world. 

“I feel very Strongly that if we show students how sige 3 
Creative, and relevant the process of science is, they will want to “= e 
wai” d conside in science,” said Dr. Bramble. 
“By working with teachers, we have a unique opportunity to ie 
the quality of science education and to convey a sense of CAEN 
about science, ecology, and the environment to our children. 


NSF Supports A Landmark Project To Promote 


Science Literacy 


Tue National Science Foundation 
has funded a curriculum devel- 
opment project that will enable 
the Missouri Botanical Garden 
and four other public gardens to 
develop groundbreaking instruc- 
tional materials that will 
significantly change how school 
classes use the educational re- 
sources of the institutions. 

The grant was awarded to all 
five gardens on behalf of the Mid- 
west Consortium of Botanical 
Gardens and Arboreta. The Mis- 
souri Botanical Garden, along 
with the Chicago Botanic Garden, 
the Minnesota Landscape Arbo- 
retum, the Morton Arboretum, 
and the Holden Arboretum are 
members of this consortium. 

“Too many school field trips 
to our institutions are one-time 
visits that are not at all related to 
what happens in the classroom 
before the class visits or what hap- 
pens after they return to their 
schools,” says Dr. Larry E 
DeBuhr, director of education at 
the Garden. “This joint project 
with other gardens in the Mid- 
west Consortium will enable us 


New Director of Litzsinger 
Road Ecology Center 


THE GARDEN is pleased to an- 
nounce that Celeste Prussia has 
joined the staff as director of the 
Litzsinger Road Ecology Center, 
as of December, 1993. Ms. Prussia 
was formerly the director of the 
oodwin Conservation Center in 
Hampton, Connecticut. 

Ms. Prussia has a M.S. degree 
in botany and forest ecology from 
the University of Rhode Island and 
a B.S. degree in environmental bi- 
ology from Eastern Connecticut 
University. A 
director of the Goodwin Conser- 
vation Center, she has been 
responsible for the design, devel- 
opment, and implementation of 
public education programs for 
children and adults. She also was 


to develop very specific pre-visit 
and post-visit lessons which can 
be taught in the school classrooms 
and that relate seems to the field 
trips to our garden 

The project will include “field 
testing” at various schools, allow- 

ng for evaluation § and 

modifications of the lessons prior 
to their use. Teachers will also be 
trained in the use of the lessons. 

The success of this project is 
being watched by staff at other 
public gardens. All of the materi- 
als will be shared with other 
botanical gardens and arboreta 
around the country, and the pro- 
can serve as a model for 
science museums. In a letter to 
the National Science Foundation, 
Susan H. Lathrop, executive di- 
rector of the merican 
Association of Botanical Gardens 
and Arboreta writes, “...1 am par- 
ticularly pleased that they (the 
Midwest Consortium) have pro- 
posed to address the national issue 
of science literacy in such a way 
that others can make use of what 
they develop.” 


=} 


instrumental in the development 
of a state-wide network of envi- 
ronmental organizations sharing 
expertise and resources. 

“We are very pleased that we 
have been able to hire someone 
of the quality and experience of 
Celeste Prussia to help run our 
outdoor environmental education 
programs at the Litzsinger Road 
Ecology Center,” says Dr. Larry 
DeBuhr, director of education. 
“Not only will Celeste supervise 
the programs at the Litzsinger 
Road Ecology Center, she will 
help to plan all of our outdoor 
environmental education efforts 
and coordinate those efforts with 
other organizations in St. Louis.” 
Watch future issues of the Bulletin for a 
profile of Celeste Prussia and activities 
at the Litzsinger Road Ecology Center. 
—Editor 


Henry Shaw Academy 
students at work with 
the Horticulture 
Division last summer. 
Left: Amanda Jeter 
Below: David Lampe 
Bottom: Ben White 


Henry SHAW ACADEMY 
Summer 
Apprenticeships 
Teens Work with 
Horticulture Staff 


This past SUMMER the Garden Apprenticeship Program of the Henry 
Shaw Academy completed its fifth successful year at the Garden. The 
program gives students ages 14-18 the opportunity to work alongside 
the Garden’s horticulture staff. 

Students who are accepted for the program participate in one of 
three sessions, working in the mornings to avoid the summer's mid- 
day heat. Ben White, age 15, commented, “The only hard part was 
getting here by 7 a.m., which is when the MBG gardeners arrive!” 

Project areas include the rose gardens, the Japanese Garden, the 
Climatron, and the Shoenberg Temperate House. Amanda Jeter, age 
16, especially liked being able to work in staff areas behind the scenes. 
Under the guidance of the Garden's expert horticulturists, students 
learn about plants, soils, and landscaping maintenance, and practice 
such skills as weeding, pruning, watering, planting, digging, mulch- 
ing, and tool maintenance. As Jamie Schlereth, age 16 said, “I wanted 
a chance to work with experts before deciding upon a career working 
with plants.” 

The Garden Ap- 
prenticeship Program 
is part of the Henry 
Shaw Academy Sci- 
ence Camp. The 
Program runs during 
the month of July and 
can take five students 
each session. For fur- 
ther information 
about next year's Gar- 
den Apprenticeship 
Program and the 
Henry Shaw Acad- 
emy, please call Jeff 
DePew, HSA Coordi- 
nator, at 577-5135. 


BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 Bis 


RICHARD BENKOF 


2 


Tae A é ' eg : 
Cora Sculpture Installed 

Cora, a charming portrait of a little girl by the noted St. Louis 
sculptor Don F. Wiegand, is a gift to the Garden in memory of 
Leicester Busch Faust from his granddaughters Mary 
Dangremond of Old Lyme, Connecticut, and Jane Keough of 
Exeter, New Hampshire. The 40-inch life-size bronze, the artist’s 
prized Number One casting, was installed in the Audrey 
Heckman Rock Garden outside the entrance to the Shoenberg 
Temperate House on November 2, 1993. 

Leicester B. Faust served as a Garden Trustee from 1954 until 
his death in 1979. He was elected an Emeritus Trustee in 1973. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven said, “We are absolutely delighted to have 
Cora on display. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Assimive ListeninG DEvicE (ALD) Available -- Laure 
(left), a plant mounter on the staff of the Garden’s 
hearing-impaired, demonstrates 

with Mary Borgman, a visi 


18. BuLLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


SS _________.__ 7 


Garden Hosts ENPA 
Annual Meeting 
September 24-26, 1993, the Gar- 
den hosted the annual meeting of 
the Eastern Native Plant Alliance 
(ENPA), which was held in con- 
junction with the quarterly board 
meeting of the Missouri Native 
Plant Society. About 60 people 
participated in the meeting, which 
included presentations by the 
Center for Plant Conservation and 
Flora of North America project, 
and field trips to Shaw Arbore- 
tum and other natural sites in 
area. 

ENPA is an association of pub- 
lic gardens, native plant societies, 
nurseries, organizations, and in- 
dividuals that work to promote 
conservation of native plants in 
the eastern United States and 
southeastern Canada. ENPA 
seeks to educate the public about 
native plants and to encourage 
effective joint action on conser- 
vation issues. These include 
invasion of natural areas by ex- 
otic plant species; the impact of 
commercial collecting from the 
wild on plant populations; nurs- 


eas; understanding and protection 
of genetic diversity in wild plant 
communities; and responsible, 
sustainable use of native plants to 
enhance human life. 

Below: Participants in the ENPA 
conference on a field trip to 
Valley View Glades Natural Area 
near St. Louis. 


Liprary News 


Jonathan D. Sauer, who received 


his training in botany at the Gar- 
en while earning his M.A. in 


1948 and his Ph.D. in 1950 from 
Washington University, has made 
an important gift to the Garden’s 
library and archives. Dr. Sauer 
became a professor of botany and 
geography at the University of 
Wisconsin and, later, at the Uni- 
versity of California-Los Angeles, 
after which he became director of 
the herbarium at UCLA. 

Now that he is retired, Dr. 
Sauer has kindly donated to our 
library his collection of books, 
journals, reprints, and correspon- 
dence that relates to the Garden. 
Especially important is his corre- 
spondence with the late Edgar 
Anderson, a distinguished bota- 
nist and former director of the 
Garden. Other libraries also will 
benefit from Dr. Sauer’s generous 
gift, as titles that are already in 
our collection will be passed on 
to them 


Stanford Dissertations — 
Through the efforts of Professor 
John Hunter Thomas of the De- 
partment of Biological Sciences at 
Stanford University, the Garden's 
library has received an important 
gift of 73 theses and dissertations 
on systematic botany written by 
students at the Dudley Herbarium 
at Stanford. The collection, re- 
produced on archival paper, is one 
of only three sets made available. 
It includes the work of botanists 
yman Benson and Dennis 
Breedlove and spans the period 
from 1896 to 1972. : 
Over the years the Garden li- 
brary has tried to obtain copies of 
all dissertations on systematic and 
floristic botany that are available 
from University Microfilms, Inc. 
However, many important theses, 
especially older ones, are not avail- 
able through commercial vendors. 
It is only through the efforts of 
individuals like Prof. Thomas that 
these classic original studies are 
made accessible. The collection 
has been catalogued and placed 
in the OCLC, or Online Com- 
puter Library Center, database, 
where it is available to other sci- 
entists through the library’s Inter 
ibrary Loan service. 


Garden Signs Sister- 
Institution Agreement 
with Russian Botanical 
institute 


THE V. L. Komarov Botanical 
Institute in St. Petersburg, Rus- 
sia, and the Missouri Botanical 
Garden have established a sister- 
institution relationship in order 
to stabilize and strengthen col- 
laboration between them and 
promote botanical science world- 
wide. 

As reported in earlier issues of 
the Bulletin, time has taken its toll 
on the century-old facilities of the 
Komarov Botanical Institute. 
Botanists there are faced with a 
very real concern that the dete- 
rioration of the physical structures 
will threaten the invaluable col- 
lections of living plants and dried 
plant specimens. As part of this 
agreement, the Missouri Botani- 
cal Garden has agreed to continue 
to help seek funding to support 
the programs and preserve the 
physical facilities and collections 
of the Komarov Institute. 

n addition, the two institu- 
tions plan to collaborate in the 
development of a computerized 
checklist of the plants of north- 
eastern Eurasia as a first step 
toward a jointly coordinated Flora 
of Northeast Eurasia, projected to 
be published in 20 volumes and 
made available as a computerized 
database. The area to be covered 
will include a large portion of the 
territory of the former Soviet 
Union, Mongolia, northern Iraq, 
northern Iran, northeastern Tur- 
key, Manchuria and portions of 
northern China. 

The Komarov is one of the 
most important botanical institu- 
tions in the world. It includes a 
botanic garden founded in 1714 
by Peter the Great. The Komarov 
houses the third largest herbarium 
in the world, with nearly six mil- 
lion specimens of dried, pressed 
plants. In addition, its green- 
houses safeguard a collection of 
about 6,000 species of living 
plants, including many that are 
in danger of extinction and some 


RICHARD BENKOF 


GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE NEws 


Two Receive Prestigious NSF Awards 


Two graduate students at the Gar- 
den have received Doctoral 
Dissertation Research Grants from 
the National Science Foundation 
). These prestigious awards 

are highly competitive. 
Jennifer Hedin, who is work- 
ing toward her Ph.D. from 
Washington University, is study- 


SISTER INSTITUTION continued 


that are extinct in the wild. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, 
said, “The Missouri Botanical Gar- 
den is delighted to formalize its 
relationship with the Komarov, 
and we look forward to many, 
many years of cooperation be- 
tween the two institutions.” 


CONFERENCE IN ARUSHA 
TANZANIA -- Recent activities 
of the Garden’s collecting 
program for the National 
Cancer Institute included a 
national conference in 
Tanzania organized by D 
William Mziray, director of 
the National Herbarium of 
Tanzania (see July/August 
1993 Bulletin) and botanists 
from throughout the country 
to examine the current status 
of botanical research in 
Tanzania and establish 
priorities for the future. 
mea researchers Dr. Porter 
Lowry II, Roy E. Gerea 
3 Heidi H. Schmidt ae 
the conference. 


ing neotropical plants, specifically 

h Salacia in the 
Hippocrateaceae family. The NSF 
award will cover the cost of field 
work in Brazil, Peru, and Ecua- 
dor, including boat rentals. Travel 
by boat is essential in the Amazo- 
nian forests, which are inundated 
when the Amazon River floods 


loam 


At left: Jennifer Hedin and 
Guanghua Zhu 


during the annual wet season. 
Jennifer began her studies work- 
ing with the late Dr. Alwyn H. 
Gentry and is currently working 
with Dr. P. Mick Richardson. 
Guanghua Zhu is a doctoral 
candidate at the University of Mis- 
souri-St. Louis. Dr. Thomas B. 
Croat is his advisor. Guanghua, 
who is originally from Inner 
Mongolia, worked in Beijing be- 
fore coming to St. Louis. He is 
studying herbaceous neotropical 
plants in the Araceae, or aroid, 
family, specifically the species 
Dracontium. These plants form 
large bulbs below the surface of 
the forest and each year sprout a 
single leaf up to six feet in height. 
The flowers of Dracontium have 
an extremely unpleasant odor 
which attracts flies that pollinate 
the plants. Guanghua’s NSF grant 
will support field work in Ven- 
ezuela, Ecuador, and Costa Rica. 


a) 

var | 

= 

= 

ae 

— 
oA 

{oO 


GABONESE Visit GARDEN — Representatives of CENAREST 
(Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique) of 
Gabon visited the Garden November 10-11 to discuss plant 
collecting for the National Cancer Institute and other possible 


collaborative programs. Ana 


cord was signed outlining future 


cooperative botanical eet hiaticel the Garden and 


CENAR 


REST. Shown at the Garden (seated, from left): Dr. 


Lucien Obam, scientific advisor at CENAREST; Dr. Peter H. 
Raven; and Dr. Nze-Ekekang, head of the Institute of 
Pharmacopea and Traditional Medicine at CENAREST. Stand- 
ing, from left: Dr. James S. Miller, head of the Garden’s Natural 
Products Research Program, and Dr. Porter P. Lowry II, head of 
the MBG Research Division’s Africa and Madagascar Department. 


BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 19. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


TRUSTEE PROFILE 


Edith Swift Jenkin Spink 
ON November 17, 1993, the Garden’s Board 
of Trustees elected Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink 
to the Board as an Emeritus Trustee. 

Mrs. Spink’s interest and involvement with 


1974 until his death in 1992, and he served as 
president of the Board from 1982 to 1984. 
Together they made possible the renovation 
of the Flora Gate House, now called the Edith 


and Johnson Spink Pavilion, and the Spink 
Gallery in the Ridgway Center, which houses 
the magnificent display of Boehm porcelain 
birds and flowers which they collected. 

Mrs. Spink’s involvement with the Garden 
actually preceded that of her husband. “I was 
active on the Women’s Committee during the 
1950s,” she recalled. “We organized benefits 
and events, and eventually became part of the 
Friends organization. 1 also served on the 
Tower Grove House Historical Committee for 
several years in the 1960s. In fact, my step- 
reat grandfather, Elihu Shepard, was a friend 

enry Shaw’s!” 


Oo 7a 
—— 


Mrs. Spink, a native St. Louisan, is cur- 
rently serving her tenth consecutive two-year 
term as mayor of the City of Ladue. She has a 
distinguished record of community activities, 
including service as an officer on the boards 
of Edgewood Children’s Center, St. Louis 
Children’s Hospital, the Visiting Nurse Asso- 
ciation, and the United Fund, among many 
others. 

Mrs. Spink has been honored with the 
YWCA Women in Government Award and 


Ga 


993. Dr. 
met with Ga 


the Garden Club of America’s Medal of Merit. 
She was a Globe Democrat Woman of Achieve- 
ment and was the first woman to receive the 
Distinguished Alumni Award from Washing- 
ton University School of Law. Currently she 
serves on the Board of Directors of Ranken 
Technical College, the Women’s Exchange, 
and the World Affairs Council of St. Louis, 
plus the Advisory Board of the Rossman School 
and the Senior Olympics. She is a graduate of 
Mary Institute and graduated first in her class 
from the Washington University School of 
Law. She is a member of the American, Mis- 
souri, and St. Louis Bar Associations. 

“I am very pleased to be a part of the 
Garden’s Board of Trustees,” Mrs. Spink said. 
“The Garden’s activities in research and edu- 
cation are of enormous importance for the 
future of our world.” 

Dr. Peter H. Raven said, “Edie Spink’s deep 
interest in the Garden extends back over many 
years. | am really delighted at her willingness 
to continue her great contributions by serving 
on the Board, and I look forward to working 
with her over the years to come.” 


PHotToGrapuy Exuisit -- On November 5, 1993, the Garden hosted 
a reception for the opening of an exhibit of magnificent floral 
photographs by Sir Peter Smithers. Smithers, an awa 
photographer of international distinction, photographs flowers that 
he grows himself in his garden at the southern foot of the Swiss Alps. 
Smithers’s photograph Hana Kisoi (Floral Rivalry), a 1987 gift to the 
rden in honor of Elizabeth R. and 
wedding anniversary from their children, is on permanent display in 
the Ridgway Center. Shown at the reception are (from left): Dr. Peter 
H. Raven, with Amelia Otway Smithers and her mother, Lady 
Smithers. Sir Peter was unable to attend 


rd-winning 


Joseph F. Ruwitch’s fiftieth 


Benes Nivcscniessas VISITS -- Dr. Bernard Nietschman 

— of geography at the University of California, Kerik and 
of the Committee for Research and Exploration of the 
Niel Geographic Society, visited the Garden November 1-2, 
1 Nietschmann, who is a noted 


on Central America, 


Consut GENERAL OF JAPAN -- On October 8, 1993, the Honorable 

Takaski Matsumoto, Consul General of Japan at Kansas City, visited 
the Garden. From left: Mr. and Mrs. Matsumoto; Dr. Peter H. Raven 
director; Mr. and Mrs. Bruce S. Buckland. Mr. Buckland is 


. 
20. BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


rden research staff and gave a lecture in Shoenberg 
rw pee stay “The Indigenous Biodiversity Mapping Project in 
tral America.” Shown from left: Dr. Gerrit Davidse, head of the 
eas seniiicss cana project for the Garden; Olga Martha Montiel, 
assistant to the director; Bernard Nietschmann, with his daughter 
Tangni; and Dr. James S. Miller, head of the Garden’s Natural 
Products Research Program. 


TRIBUTES 


EPT eOCT 1993 


\ HONOR OF 


gnos 
Copper Exchange Company 
Mr. and Mrs. Leamon Barbro 
Mildred P. Frederking 


Mr. and Mrs. Eugene P. 
kensiek 


Bra 

Audrey and iin Goebel 
Juliana E. Loc 

Mr. L. D. Brodsky 

Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Mr. Harry Ch 


Norman and Lois Berger 


Mr. and Mrs. Pek Francis - 

Dr. and Mrs. Jackson K. E 

Dr. and Mrs. William A. iol 
n 


Mr. and Mrs. Harold Katz 

Mr. and Mrs. Sam Fox 

Mr. and Mrs. Parker B. Condie 
M 


Carol, Helen, Dolores and Annette 
Glarner 


Dennis and Cindy Sullivan 
ts. Myron Glassberg 

Mr. and Mrs, Louis M. Ettman 

Mr. Ted Golde 

Mr. Louis M. Ettman 

Mr. and Mrs. Russell F. 
Greenleaf 

Mr. and is Louis W. Lehman 


Copper Exchange Company 
Dr. Sam Guze 


Jane 
Mrs. Margie Wolcott May 
Jerry Hirsch 


Dr. and Mrs. Virgil Loeb 
Harris 


Mr. Rudolph Freedman 
utson 


une Hutso 
Dr. and Mrs Steph 

- Stephen L. Post 
Mrs. E Imber 


Mr. and Mrs. Louis a 

Mr. and Mrs. Gu 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard “i cea 
Heather Kaye 

Jason Raznick 

Jeff Balkin 

Randee Blum 


Mr. and Mrs. James Kelsey 
Dr. and Mrs. Harry T. Duffy 

Mr. and Mrs. William P. Schorr 
Mrs. Paula Kipnis 

Mr. and Mrs, Paul M. Arenberg 
Lynn and John Kiske 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Robertson 
Mrs. William Kleine 

Mrs. Edward J. Crawford 

Mrs. Hele i 

Dr. and Mrs. Virgil Loeb Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Don Lansche 
Mr. and Mrs. teste Baumann 
Mr. and Mrs. ester 

Mr. and Mrs. oe H. Schiller 
Mr. Alan B. Lewin 

Mrs. Harold W. Dubinsky 

Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mr. and Mrs. see sare Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Brent F. Stansen 
Mrs. Josie McWilliams 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Gilbert 
Mr. and Mrs. Gary Morris 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 


‘Maddy and Harold Ott 


Mr. and Mrs. Louis Lazarus 
David Platt 

Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. Barken 
Eddie and Obbie Price 

Ted and Esther Berger 

Rand and Joan 

Mr. and Mrs. Jerome Michelson 
Mrs. Boyd Rogers 

Marjorie Robins 
Mr. and Mrs. Tyndale Rutledge 
Mrs. Robert H. Kittner 


h 
Ms. Elizabeth oe 
Mrs Sc 


weig 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward S. Golde 


Mr. and Mrs. Edward Spence 
Mr. and Mrs. Patrick M. Donelan 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Tober 
Richard and Lecie Steinbaum 
Mr. and Mrs. Jerome Michelson 
Margie Talcott 

Norma and Morton Singer 


Mr. and M Whitelaw Terry Jr. 
Mrs. Wiliien 

Volunteers ee Stcibceshdy 
Department 


Marjorie M. Ivey 

Mrs. Else Weil 

Mrs. Harold W. Dubinsky 

Mr. and Mrs. M. Weinberg 
Norman and Lois Berger 


Mr. and Mrs. Blanton Whitmire 


Blaine and Janet Ulmer 
Mrs. Margaret Whitmire 
ee Garden Club 

Mrs. Raymond Wilson 
Jo ast Emmy sic 
Susan Wolf 
Suzie and Bob Fuchs 


Jim Palmer Jr. 

Tom Palmer 

Catherine and Charles Zavorka 
Mr. and Mrs. Gene T. Goughenour 


IN MEMORY OF 


Mr. Stephen S. Adams Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. William F. Reck Jr. 
Melinda anche Biermann 
Loving Friend: 

Mrs Dorothy Walbeck Bachar 
Advanced Nursing Services 

Mr, Alan Baron 

Mr. and Mrs. Dave Hawkins 

Mr, and Mrs. James G. Hearne Jr. 
Ed and Lisa Holderle 


Mrs. Lydia ances 
Mr. Don 
Mrs. merits mit 
Mr. and Mrs. neni Behrens 


Mr. and Mrs. Peter E. Sargent 

Rilla Delphia Cunningham 

Children’s Home & Aid Society 

Mr. Paul Dalba 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko 

Mr. John Davidson Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Shadrach F. Morris Jr. 
son 


Mr. Edgar W. Deni 

Mariann Anderson 

Anonymo 

a and Mrs. W. A. Armbruster 


r. and Mrs. James Balsiger 
om and Mrs. Peter D. Blakeslee 
Mr. and Mrs. William E. Brush 
eungr and Louise Carr 


Mr. and Mrs. Aaron Fischer 
Four Winds Garden Clu 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Gaddy 
Karen M. Gnaegy 


BULLETIN 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert Gnaegy 
Daniel and Carol Gravens 
Margot and Jim Holsen 
Mrs. Jerome W, Israel 
Mr. and Mrs. John S. Israel 
Mr. and Mrs, M. Alexander jones 
Mr. and Mrs, J. Marshall Magner 
Mrs, Mary R. McNellan 
Mr. and Mrs, Shadrach F, Morris Jr. 
Joan $. Murphy 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert O. Nellums 


Blaine and Janet Ulmer 

Union Electric 

Webster Groves Nature Study Society 
Mr. and Mrs, Blanton Whitmire 
Mrs. Giles Blair Sr 

cin Busse 

Betty Cash 

Ellen pat Late 

Patricia Downe 

Eve McNew 

Bernie O'Connor 

Miss Ruth M. Boxdorfer 
Mrs. Betty A. Melby 

Mr. Raymond Burroughs 
Dr, and Mrs. Robert J. Greaves 
Mr. Wilbur S. Bushnell 
Miss Mary Lynne Sunderman 
Worthington Canfield 


Mr. and Mrs. Shadrach F. Morris Jr. 
Steven E. Coghlan 
Kathryn E. Denner 
A. B. Cole 
Margaret Yanevich 
Herbert D. — 
Mrs. Charles A. D 
Mrs. Virginia Angel Conrad 
Lynn and Ira Dubins 
ixo 


Jenny DuBois 

and Mrs. Martin Smith 
“ibe Martha Harper Dyer 
Mr. and Mrs. John P. Kiske 
Jerry O'Malley 
Larry and Lenore Wright 
Mrs. Marion Stoner Elston 
Mr. and Mrs. George Barnes 
Mr. and Mrs. J. John Brouk 
Mr. Robert C. E 
Mrs. John L. Davidson Jr. 
Mrs. Rodman H. Durfee 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Kirtz 
Missouri Botanical Garden-Volunteer 

Instructors 


continued on next page 


JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 21. 


continued 


Mr. Gustav Engelke 

Mr. and Mrs. William A. Haukap Jr. 

Mr. Ben En d 

Dr. and Mrs, M. W. Friedlander 

Mr. and Mrs. Edwin B. Meissner Jr. 

Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Queenie F. Schiele 

Oscar Feldman 

Judy, Alena, Perry Leise 

Mr. Clifford Fischer 

Mrs. Nadean H. Hirth 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Oertli 
ald 


Mr. James Aronson 
Dr. Daniel I. Axelrod 
Dr. Alice B. Hayes 


Shirley K. Walsh 
Dr. and Mrs. H. van der Werff 


June and = Fluchel 

Mr. Gary 

Ms. Edna i Weinel 

Mr. Jack Goodman 

Ms. Laura Mae Cassel 

Mr. and Mrs. Willard Fonarow 


rm 
Mr. and Mrs. Patrick M Pecaae 
Mrs. Augusta Got 
Mr. Fred Roc 
Mrs. Florence Gronemeyer 
Dr. and Mrs. Robert J. Greaves 
Louise Guellerin 
Missouri School for the Blind 
Mr. Charles M. Harashe 
Mr. James L. Cronin 
Siegel- “ehh Inc.-Engineering & 

Estimati 

Mrs. cies Lee Harding 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Mahfood 
Mrs. Julia Schoessel 
The Smolak Family 
St. Louis Postal Employees-Ser. 
Com 


o and Mrs. Warren Wamser and 
— T Walter Hardy Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Blanke ihe 
Mrs. John L. Davidson Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. John P. Kiske 
Mr. and Mrs. Howard U. Wilson 
1ris 


Mr. and Mrs. Dennis C. Donnelly 
Mrs. Edith Henke 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Hanpeter 
Mrs. He 

Dr. and Mrs. Harry T. Duffy 


The Town of Norwood Court 
Lora Hopkins 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles R. Scism 
Mrs. Thomas J. Igoe 

Mr. and Mrs. Bert Lynch 
Uncle Jack 

Mr. and Mrs. eta? Lazarus 
Mrs. Louise 

Mr. and a jes R. Whaley 


rs. J. Eugene begins 
Miss Elizabeth Be 
Robert M. aig 
Mr. and Mrs. James M. Canavan 
an 


Dr. and Mrs. Horst Zekert 
Mr. Frank Kean 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. LaMear 
Mrs. Florence Keller 

Mr. and = ~ Stookey 

Art Kenne 

Mr. and iy ae R. Lacey 
Dr. Max Kernfeld 

Mr. and Mrs. Gideon H. Schiller 
Mrs. Florence King 


Mrs. John Hallett 

Mrs. Gerri Kolker 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Whittle 

Marie Kramer 

General Grant Hills Garden Club 
. Fred F. Kreienkamp 

Janet Staley 

Mrs. Della M. Kresko 


Genevieve D. Turner and Family 
Shirley Kurusz 

Crockett L. Gardner 

Martin E. Gardner Jy, 


22. BULLETIN JANUARY / FEBRUARY 1994 


Estelle Lain 
Mr. and Mrs. as H. Hirsch 
ie 


Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Merna Lazier 
St. Louis Herb Society 
Hessie Lee 
Lela Stevesand 

illiam R. Longust 
Mr. and Mrs. Jon R. Greene 


Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Hoffman 
Mr. and Mrs. John A. Isaacs III 
Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Lewis Jr. 
Mr. Robert L. Rosenheim 
Mrs. Dorothy Schweich 

and Mrs. Tom Wolff 
Mrs. Mary Lucas 
Kelly, Boyd, Lauren, Ali Bermel 
Dr. Stanley Lys: 
Mr. and Mrs. pion Michelson 
Mrs. Margaret M. MacKay 


Mr. and Mrs. a G. Stern 
Mrs. Mano 

Ilma and sea Isaac 

Mr. Charles Manrose 


Mr. and Mrs. Walt McGrath 
Mrs. Esther Matter 

Mr. and Mrs. eat Witte 
Carl T. McAllis 

The Jose Family 

Mrs. Helma McCormack 
Mr. and Mrs. Newell A. Baker 
Mr. Fred M 

Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Hemmer 
Mrs. Marilyn Morefield 

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel a 
Mr. J. Buckner M 

Mr. and Mrs. ay Murphy 
Mrs. Michele A. Mullen 


We regret that the following name was 
listed incorrectly in the last issue: 
Miss Melissa Lee rt 
Susan C. Kohl 
Robert and Jo Ruethain 

ie 


Dr. and Mrs. Leonard Guarraia 


Mrs. Pearl Oliver 

Mr. and Mrs. as A. Blake 

Mr. Ha 

Miss Mary L. aaa 

Mr. Gerald F. Pauley 

Mr. and Mrs. Bill Bergfeld 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Blanke Jr. 
Miss Mary Jane Frederickson 


Miss Susan Schmitt 

Mrs. Carol A. Pollack 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Johnson 

peooricae Theatre pecans of St. 
ouis - Officers & Direc 

Ss Grace M. Price 

Mr. and Mrs. Norman Eshbaugh 

Mrs. Catherine H. Pujol 

John and Gina Bussmann 

Dr. and Mrs. Hillard Cohen 


Mrs. John Ossenfort 


Darrell Hughes Family 
Mr. W. Munro Roberts Jr. 
Mrs. Dorothy O. Hansen 


Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon H. Stock 
Mr. and Mrs. Stuart R. Trottmann 
Mrs. Linda Rokos 

Jack and ese Carson 
William R 

amine School Class of ‘94 
Mr. Milton Schmeli 

Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Mr. Stanley Schnurmacher 
Mr. and Mrs, William H. Ferrell 


Mr. and Mrs. Russell Moll 

Mr. Harry Sensen 

Mr. and Mrs, Dean Garner 

Ms. Carrie Sewell 

Mr. and Mrs, Andrew R. Crawford 
Mrs. A. Wessel Shapleigh 
Mrs. Alexander M. Bakewell 


Mr. and Mrs, William E. Remmert 
Mr. Jerome Sill 
Mr. and Mrs, Louis W. Clark III 


Jeffrey Alan Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert D. Rich 
Carolyn So he 

Gary and Sue Benack 

Gary oo ki Chanda 

Ed Cun 
R 


Gene ae ol Kneff 
La 


Lammering 


ry 
Earl and Lou Ann “alia 


Maurice and Nancy Van Buskirk 

Bill Volk 

Sandy and Tom Wiethop 

Larry and Ginny Wise 

Mrs. Dee Spiegel 

Mr. «naan W. _ Je 
Mrs. Jane § 

Lynn and John pea ria Family 

Mr. and Mrs. Joe Sm: 

Mrs. Stark 

Fred and Allison Ricks 


Mrs. Ann Bain 
Mrs. Belle Stoliar 
Miss Katheryn Winking 
ts. Georgia D. Sweet 
— Sweet 
ts. Ben H. Wells 
Mr. Edward W. Swehla 


George a alee — 
Mr. and M re 
Frieda St 


Mrs. Regina Thien 
Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Filibert 


Mr. and Mrs. ae FE. 


Thompso 
Mr. and i Thomas W. White IV 
Mr. Charles Tooker 

Mr. and Mrs. John F, Langenberg 
Mr. and Mrs. Shadrach F. Morris Jr. 
Richard Tullos 

Nooney Krombach 

Mr. Pete Vlassos 

Ms. Christine E. Magafas 

Mrs. Jane Sheehan Von Kaenel 


Mrs. Roblee McCarthy 

Miss Kell il 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard pga 
inst 


Joan and Paul Watson 

Mrs. Mollie Winwood 

Eugene Herr 

Father of Mr. Douglas Yaeger 
Mr. and Mrs. James M. Boon 
Kenneth Yager 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Hanpeter 
Mr. Hideji Yakushiji 

Sandy Brauer 


STATEMENT 
publication: BULLETIN. Publication No. 0026-6507. 2. Date of filing: September 28, 1993. 3. Six times a year, bi- 
monthly in January, March, May, July, nines sau —— 4. Location of known office of publication: 2345 


ial t Grove Avenue, St. Louis, MO 631 


- Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. 6 


OF OWNERSHIP MANAGEMENT AND CIRCULATION (Required by 39 U.S.C. 3685) 1. Title of 


Mr. Leon H. Zeve 
Mr. and Mrs. Wilton Agatstein 
Mr. and Mrs. Jules Biegelsen 
Citerman-Jackowy Families 
Mr. Harold S. Cook 
Ellen and Henry Dubin 
Mr. and Mrs. ares E. ‘Follman 
oe G. F 
Mrs. ina B. see 
Mr. and Mrs. Don Friedman 
Mrs. Esther Friedman 
Gershman —— Corp. 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Graham 
9g and sis. Marvin Heligman 
and ais Hillhouse 
ae 
Margie ie 
John R. Jordan Jr. 
vd oat “ah Kelly 
and Mrs, Emory Kesteloot 
= al Mrs. Sol Kronick 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry F. Luepke Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Shadrach F. Morris Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Michael - goes 
Dr. and Mrs. Thomas 

Mr. and Mrs. Lou ail 

Mrs. Oscar Pear] 

Mr. and Mrs. Ben Perlman 

Mr. and Mrs, Louis R. Putzel 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Rosenheim 
Mrs. Zade Rosenthal 

Ms. Ann R. — 

Ruth Schick 

Mr. and ny pre Tischler 

Mr. Victor Zeve 


ditor ar e: Publisher 


WL 


of Trustees, Missouri rae Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. Editor--Susan W. Caine, P 
BoE 


Box 299, St. Louis, MO 6316 


Owner: Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, ee oe 


Known bondholders, saoeed ona other security holders owning 0 or holding I percent or more ¢ 


rome , mortgaged or other r securities: 


None. 9. The pu pores 


i i : 


seiiithe: Autho- 


tea to mail = special vs rates (section 432. 12DMM). 10. Extent and nature ee annie A. Total ss ee 


argue: 
BOARD OF 


TRUSTEES 


Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. 
Pr t 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, 5.}. 


Mr. M. Peter Fischer 
Mrs. Sam Fox 
Mr. Samuel B. Hayes 
The Hon. Carol E. Jackson 
Mr. David W. Kemper 
Mr. Charles F. Knight 
Mr. Charles E. Kopman 


Mrs. Walter G. Stern 


Dr. George E. Thoma 
Mr. Jack E. Thomas, Jr. 
Dr. Blanche Touhill 
The Hon. George R. Westfall 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman Ill 


Emeritus TRUSTEES 
H 


Mr. ‘Sibex R. Hermann 


Mr. William R. Orthwein, Jr. 


M WwW 
Mrs. Lucianna Gladney Ross 
Mr. Loui 


M rre e 
a Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. 
r. Robert Brookings Smith 
aes Tom K. Smith, Jr. 
Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


Honorary TRUSTEES 


Printed. Average no. c h issue during preceding 12 months 31,500. Actual no. cop n 

poebed i I 000 Paid ctreahadon 1. Sales through cs and carriers, street vendors and Prof. Philippe Morat 

oe Tage no. copies each issue during preceding 12 months -0-. Actual no. copies of single issue ie ehert Orndull 
h ~~ during | pies 12 


. Ave 
Published nearest to filing date a. 2. Ma il subscription: Averages = —— ae eee 
months. -0-. Actual no. 
Average no. copies each i pe during paste 12 months. -0-. Act val t no. as a single issue any _ to 


filing date. -0- opies pre issue age preceding 12 months 
ee ints : Free distribution: avenge eos c ea 310. "Total distribution: Average 1 no, copies pe 


DirEcTor 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


Memsers’ Boarp 
Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais, President 
TS. schudy 


eso 


ue during receding 12 mes 30,658. Actu al n 
30 310. Copies not distribut 1. Office use, ick over, r, unaccounted, spoiled after printing: Average = ca 
each issue arn preceding 12 et 842. Actual n 
1,690. tal: average no. somes each issue nse preceding 12 ‘months a 
issue . nearest to fi 32,000. I certify that the statement made by me above is correc 


(signed) Susan W. Caine, Editor and Manager of Publications. 


31, 500. Actual no. copies of si 
d case 


Mrs. Walter Perry 


BULLETIN JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1994 23. 


Inside a 


This Issue : | 
: Kingshighway 


3S 
THE PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN nin 7 
| 
The Trustees host a luncheon to g eop | 
announce the $29.5 million capital = | 
campaign to the public. re B FOREST Park PKwy | 
- S | 
o. 40 
FLORA MESOAMERICANA - 
1S PUBLISHED fe cigs 
This landmark achievement in plant 40 fs 
science is the first major regional flora to & Z 
be published in Spanish. Ss Ls Fs 
ys 
6 — 44 
HENRY SHAW MEDALS TO 44 "W]2 SHAW BLVD. 
E. 0. WILSON AND aoe | Z 
0. SAGE WIGHTMANN Iii ‘ 7 me 2 
The Garden presents its highest honor. <a i -+- $= MAGNOLIA 
P § << e 
a Tower Grove Park 
8. T ARSENAL 


THE SEARCH FOR ANCISTROCLADUS Vv 

"i Sa es ISITORS TO THE GARDEN will have an easier time 

getting here in 1994. Sometime in January the new 

Kingshighway viaduct will open between Manchester 

and Highway 44, allowing direct access to traffic moving 
1 Q. north and south. This section of Kingshighway was 

closed by the City of St. Louis two years ago to allow for 

wir ea enn construction of the new span. Please watch your 

A windowsill herb garden keeps your newspapers and broadcast media for announcement of 

kitchen green and fragrant. the exact date of reopening. 


The dramatic discovery of a plant that 
may provide a treatment for AIDS. 


12. o Ot 8s oo .0.-N 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS ; 


The annual Orchid Show and other 
colorful activities for midwinter. 


Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 
14. St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 P 
NEWS OF THE MEMBERS AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


The Membership Services Desk celebrates 
its 10th anniversary. 


EDUCATION DIVISION NEWS 
Grants support teacher training and 
promote science literacy; the Henry Shaw 


Academy summer apprentice program 
works with the Horticulture staff. 


ee wa 


a. 


to the overwhelming generosity of our friends and the community, the Partnership 
Campaign, the Garden’s capital fund drive, has attained 50 percent of its goal with 


Missouri BOTANICAL GARDEN MIsSION: “To DiscOVER AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE 
ABOUT PLANTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT, IN ORDER TO PRESERVE AND ENRICH LIFE.’ 


? 


With springtime just around the corner, we are delighted to announce that, thanks 


over $14 million in gifts and pledges. Planning is well underway on our new 
research building; this exciting project is described by our outstanding St. Louis 
architects, Ted Christner and Lou Saur, in an interview on page 3. We are also 
immersed in plans for the second major phase of the campaign, the outdoor 
demonstration and associated gardens at the Kemper Center for Home Gardening. 
Watch your mail for a special invitation to join the Members’ Board in their spon- 
sorship of the Entry Court Demonstration Garden at the Kemper Center, and see the 
story on page 4 for more details on this splendid project. 
Visitors this spring will notice the new construction in the English 

“te Woodland Garden. The area is being extended to the north, with 
extensive replanting, a new bog feature in the southern section, and 
paved paths that make the area fully accessible to people with disabili- 
ties. Watch the May Bulletin for more details of the improvements to 
this popular feature. 

We extend our very warmest welcome to our new Trustees, (see 


anniversary, and extend our warmest thanks for their untiring efforts, 
which make a visit to the Garden a wonderful experience for so many people. 

Our mission in international botanical research continues to grow, with fascinat- 
ing developments all over the world. On pages 15-17 you can see accounts of a 
thrilling new discovery in Costa Rica, an innovative new program in Suriname, and 
our highly regarded bryology department. 

Springtime brings an exciting array of activities and events. Don’t miss our 
popular annual “Gardening by Design” Lecture Series in March, the beautiful Spring 
Flower Show, or the Chinese celebration coming up in April. We look forward to 
seeing you here! — Peter H. Raven, Director 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you 
move. Please enclose the mail- 
ing label on the back cover of 
this Bulletin and mail to: 


Name: 
Old Address: 


Street. = — 2 


City. 


State Zip 
New Address: 


Date effective: 


Street — 


City 


State Zip 


On the Cover 
Three Sturgeons fountain by Sirio 
Tofanari graces the reflecting 
pools in the Swift Family Garden. 
Photo by Richard Benkof 


Editor 
Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 


. Box 
St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron® is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Missouri Botanical Garden is an Equal 
Opportunity / Affirmative Action employer. 


© 1994 Missouri Botanical Garden 


The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is 
published bi-monthly by the Missouri 


Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Sec- 
ond class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 
The BULLETIN is sent to every 


in the Garden Gate Shop and course 
fees; and the opportunity for travel, 
domestic and abroad, with other mem- 
bers. For information, please call 
(314) 577-5118. 

Postmaster: Please send address 
changes to: Bulletin, Missouri Botani- 
cal Garden, P.O, Box 299, St. Louis, 
MO 63166-0299. 


a at alt pe hs cision actin ace 


Intensive planning is underway for the facility that will provide a new headquarters for the 


Garden’s research program. The new building will be constructed on the southwest corner o 


Shaw and Vandeventer, with construction scheduled to begin in 1995. A team of consultants, 


engineers, and architects is working on the project under the leadership of the St. Louis 


architectural firms the Christner Partnership, Inc., and Louis R. Saur & Associates. Saur, 

who is responsible for design of the new building, also designed the William T. Kemper 

Center for Home Gardening at the Garden. The Christner Partnership, which is coordinating 
d 


Architects 


the team for the new building under the direction of president Theodore C. Christner, handle 
the Shoenberg Temperate House and the Brookings Interpretive Center, and were major 
contributors to the renovation of the Climatron. Recently the two architects discussed the 


planning for the new building with the Bulletin. 


We have been hearing a lot about the new research 
building. What aspects of the project are you 
working on now? 

Saur: The planning for a project like this is unusu- 
ally complex. In order to create the most cost-effective 
and environmentally conscious building possible, we 
are working to integrate the ideas of structural and 
mechanical engineers, library planners, and environ- 
mental consultants at the very earliest stages of the 
design process. We also are = 
listening to the staff who will 
be the primary users of the 
facility. This building will 
be the permanent home of 
the Garden’s research pro- 
gram; we’re looking at 
everything we can to ensure 
its longevity, including earth- 
quake protection. 

istner: A key aspect 
of this building will be its 
relationship to the Garden 
and to the urban neighbor- 
hood. With four stories, its 
presence will make a strong visual impact, highly vis- 
ible from I-44; at the same time, it will be harmonious 
with the industrial tradition of the neighborhood. We're 
placing the building on its site so that its entry will 
form a link with the intersection plaza at Shaw and 
Vandeventer and welcome visitors to the Garden. Ina 
sense, the new building will give visitors their first 
image of the botanical garden experience. 

Saur: We considered the possibility of keeping the 
existing Polar Wave Building that is on the site now, 
but our studies indicated that it wasn’t feasible. How- 
ever, the new building will occupy a similar space and 
mass with a handsome facade of red brick and glass, so 
it will be in harmony with the traditional look of the 
neighborhood. 


What kinds of features can we anticipate in the 
new building? 

Saur: It is crucial that the herbarium collection be 
easily accessible to the scientists who use it. However, 
the dried plants must be stored in a climate-controlled 
area separate from office spaces. We have designed a 
series of vestibules that provide access to the herbarium 


Lou Saur (left) and Ted Christner 


and have lots of counter space. The office areas will 
have an open, loft-like feel, with ample natural lighting 
and views of the outdoors. The library will occupy the 
entire top floor, with beautiful meeting spaces and 
views out over the city. The entrance will have an 
atrium-like area and an interpretive center where visi- 
tors will view exhibits about the building and the 
research program. We also plan to have a visitor gallery 
for the mechanical systems, where people can actually 
smn see some of the energy-sav- 
| ing aspects of the structure. 
Christner: One of the 
major requirements for this 
facility is expandability. 
There is a strong likelihood 
that the herbarium collection 
will grow substantially in the 
future, so the building is de- 
signed as a series of modules, 
which will make it easy to 
enlarge the facility as needed 
in the future. 


How do the concepts of 
“green” architecture relate to this building? 

hristner: So-called “green” architecture refers to 
construction that has the lowest possible impact on 
natural resources. It is energy efficient, utilizes renew- 
able or sustainable materials, and provides healthful, 
productive surroundings for its users. Every phase of 
the Garden’s research building is being intensively stud- 
ied with these criteria in mind. A number of these 
things have not been extensively studied before, and 
the answers are not simple. We are working very hard 
to reach an effective balance between costs and value, 
to create the very best building possible within the 
budget. 


What would you say is the most important 
objective for this project? 

Saur: This building will stand as a symbol of the 
Garden and its mission: “to discover and share knowl- 
edge about plants, in order to preserve and enrich life.” 
It must communicate that ideal to everyone who sees it 
and uses it. We hope it will serve as a monument to the 
Garden’s message of caring for and sustaining the 
environment. 


An Interview with 
Theodore C. Christner 


and Louis R. Saur, 


Planning 
the New 
Research 
Building 


MISSOURI BOTANICAL 


FEB 24 1994 


GARDEN LIBRARY 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 3. 


DEMONSTRATION 


Garden 
for All 


RICHARD BENKOF 


Mrs. Ruwitch (center) with her daughter, Jane Mitchell 
(left), and her granddaughter, Lucy Ruwitch. 


The 
Entry 
Court 
A 


Challenge 
to the 
Members 


RENDERINGS BY MARTY COULTER 


A GENEROUS GIFT from Elizabeth R. Ruwitch will 
support construction of the Garden for All. Mrs. 
Ruwitch has made the gift in memory of her late 
husband, Joseph F. Ruwitch, Sr., who served as a 
Trustee Emeritus of the Garden from 1988 until his 
death in 1992. Mr. Ruwitch’s interest in the Garden 
began in 1968 
when, as a newly 
retired executive, 
he enrolled in a 
class here on 
planting seeds. The 
seed was planted 


” 


continuing interest 
in gardening, and 
over the years he 
and his wife 
became devoted 
members of the 


THE GARDEN’s MEMBERS’ BOARD loves a good 
challenge, so it is no wonder that the Board has agreed 
to take the lead in sponsoring the Entry Court of the 
William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening. 
Since the Kemper Center’s central education 
building opened in June 1991, it has served almost 
one million members and visitors, providing the latest 
information on home horticulture . Soon ground will 
be broken for the 24 demonstration gardens to 
surround the building, completing a facility more 
than two decades on the drawing board that will offer 
the most advanced services of its kind in the world. 
“The Kemper Center has rapidly become one of the 
Garden’s most important programs and it will only 
increase our renown in years to come,” announced 
Mrs. Robert Tschudy, president of the Members’ 
Board. “We wanted to find a way that the members 
could be symbolically ‘present’ to welcome everyone 


GARDENS 


Garden. Together they supported the Climatron, the 
Ridgway Center, the Peony Garden in the Japanese 
Garden, and the research program. 

The Garden for All is designed to showcase creative 
ways to make a garden accessible and comfortable for 
people with disabilities. Raised beds and specialized 
accessories and tools will assist gardeners who use 
wheelchairs or walking aids. Signs in Braille, audio 
descriptions, and plants chosen for fragrance and 
texture will enhance the garden for people with visual 
disabilities. “This garden will be particularly appro- 
priate as a memorial to Joe, who was so generous in 
spirit,” said Dr. Peter H. Raven. 

Mr. Ruwitch was a native of Chicago. He came to 
St. Louis in 1938 and became active in community 
affairs, supporting and serving on the boards of many 
civic organizations. His strong commitment to the 
community is a tradition continued by his wife and 
their children. “Joe loved the Garden and the SL 
Louis community, and I am so pleased to be able to 
commemorate his feelings in this way,” said Mrs. 
Ruwitch. 


to the Center on behalf of the Garden. We decided 
that the best way to achieve this was to ask the 
members to sponsor the Entry Court, which is located 
at the main point of access to both the building and 
the demonstration gardens. We have already begun 
our own internal drive for leadership gifts from the 
Members’ Board and will be inviting the rest of the 
membership to participate through a special mailing 
to be sent this spring.” 

The Entry Court consists of an elegantly paved 
circular area with a central island of trees and 
herbaceous plantings. The spacious court will provide 
room for trams to drop off and receive passengers, as 
well as for visitors to assemble and map their visit to 
the Kemper Center. Shaded benches, interspersed 
with containers of colorful annuals and placed against 
a backdrop of flowering shrubs, will provide a space 
in which to linger and rest. 

“The members’ welcome, through their support of 
the Entry Court, is the finest gesture we can extend to 
visitors to the Kemper Center. We are deeply grateful 
to the Members’ Board for their ingenuity in develop- 
ing this plan and for their generous support through 
their leadership gifts,” commented Peter Raven. 

Concluded Mrs. Tschudy, “An important part of 
our plan -- and the most fun and exciting part -- is to 
recognize the participation of all members joining us 
in this project. We are working now on designing a 
small, permanent kiosk for the education building 
that will be linked to the Kemper Center’s computer 
System, so that we can enter the names of contributors 
as we receive their sponsorship gifts. Members will be 
able to locate their names in the list at any time, and 
they can enroll their relatives and friends as sponsors 
as well!” 


Ornamental Vegetable and 
Flower Garden 

Borders combine annuals, 
perennials, and esa a in 


Groundcover Border 
Rich contrasts of colo 
texture, and form. vias for 


sun and shade, plus decidu- 
ous, evergreen, and low 
growing flowering 
para covers are all 

layed. 


Limestone Glade 
Missouri’s limestone glades 
are special habitats character- 


pasa so wildflowers. 


penis paintbrushes, ee: rare 
ative sunflowers. 


demonstrations in 


Lath House 
r framed enclosure for 
potting, 
runing, flower arranging, 
container planting, and other 
horticultural techniqu 
Includes raise 


display of hanging baskets. 


Agronomic Garden 
Crops from Missouri, the 


Rock Garden 

A winding path up a hillside 

layered with eile et 
Missouri limeston 

boulders. a display 
ind orn 


Plants 
suitable for growing in St. 
Louis will be included. 


Apple Allée 
An elegant brick walkwa 


Fruit Garden 


A wide array of fruit trees and 
plants suitable for the 


Native Shade Garden 
A replica of an easter 


ssouri woodland abe 
apie oaks, sugar maples, and 
butternut hickory trees, pius 
d 


and shade-loving native 
wildflowers. 


Gar dens 
with donor 
support 
Backyard Garden 
Bird Garden 
Boxwood Garden 
Butterfly Garden 
Children’s Garden 
City Garden 

Entry Court 
Experimental Garden 
Flower Borders 
Fragrance Garden 
Garden for All 
Prairie Garden 
Secret Garden 
Terrace Garden 


Vegetable Garden 


eS 

aes Sore 
ht | Ce. RRS, 
é : 
| i 2 


Chinese Garden 

ea the sister city 
relations’ between St. Louis 
and res the first estab- 
ish 


bridges and walls, a pond, and 
paneer plantings are being 
eveloped in close collabora- 
a with colleagues in China. 
atch for details of t 
exciting garden in the May 
issue of the Bulletin. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 5. 


EOD: 8 fhe 


ENVIRONMENT 


Missour! BOTANICAL 
GARDEN ENVIRONMENTAL 
Pouicy STATEMENT 


The mission of the nga is 
to discover and shar 

knowledge about ies and 
their environment, in order to 

preserve and enrich life. 

Accomplishing this mission 


biodiversity. The quality of 
uman existence depends on 
environment that is 
healthful in all respects. For 


quality of the environment. 


locally, nationally, an 
internationally. 

Particular goals of the 
Garden’s programs are the 
conservation of biodiversity, 
sound horticultural practices, 
international understanding 
and action, and the respon- 


other organizations to do so 
as we 


Healthy Plants 
for A Healthy 


Environment 


SOUND HORTICULTURAL PRAC- 


requirements of your plants, 
as healthy plants have a greater 
resistance to insects and 
diseases and require less 


maintenance. 

For example, the Garden’s 
living collection of plants em- 
phasizes natural plant 
communities and attempts to 
avoid monocultures, as these 
displays require large amounts 


sources of disease, avoid over- 

crowding, and promote good 

air circulation. We work con- 

stantly to improve the quality of 

our soil; we use raised or 

mounded planting beds to 
d 


at acceptable levels, and today 
we accept higher levels of pests 
as part of the environmental 
balance. 

The Garden implemented 
IPM in its greenhouses and con- 
servatories several years ago, 
and is working to expand its 
applications outdoors as well. 
Recently the Garden offered a 
ten-week course in IPM for staff 
and Master Gardeners and 
presented a workshop on 
IPM techniques at a conference 
of the American Association of 

otanical 


drainage in wet leieeesimeanesiatia Gardens and 

weather and al- Arboreta. 

low roots to grow 

deep for protec- SOUND Composting, 

tion in seasonal Soil Conserv 

droughts ation, an 
Using this HORTICULTURAL Fertilizer Use 

common sense The recent 

approach, the PRACTICES MAKE Missouri state 

Garden’s horti- law ___ banning 


culture staff is 
able to display an 
enormous variety 
of plants and, at 
the same time, 


THE SMALLEST 


Possis_e Impact 


lawn waste from 
landfills has en- 
couraged the use 
of compost in 
home gardens. 


maintain them in ON NATURAL The Garden has 

an e nmen- taught an 

tally responsible R promoted 

manner. —— composting for 
Environmen- 


tal responsibility 

in horticulture 

involves six broad categories of 
environmental concern: 


Integrated Pest 
Management (IPM) 

The Garden is a leader among 
U.S. botanical gardens in the use 
of IPM. IPM is a multifaceted 
approach to pest control that in- 
volves vigilant monitoring of 
pest populations, use of biologi- 
cal controls including beneficial 
insect predators, growing dis- 
ease-resistant varieties, and 
minimum use of low-toxicity, 
highly specific pesticides with 
low residual effect. Reducing 
pesticide applications encour- 
ages higher populations of 
natural predators of our most 
common insect pests, which fre- 
quently keeps pest populations 


6. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


years as a means 

of improving the 

soil and as an 
excellent way to recycle plant 
materials. 

Mulch builds soil fertility, re- 
duces erosion, aids weed control, 
conserves moisture, and protects 
plants’ roots from temperature 
changes. We fertilize with low 
doses on a frequent basis or use 
timed release fertilizers to mini- 
mize leachi ter 
Grass clippings are e left i in ‘lane 
to add nutrients to turf, and 
woody material is chipped and 
re-used as mulch. 

This spring the Garden will 
be expanding its composting fa- 
cilities with support from a grant 
from the Missouri Department 
of Natural Resources and will 
benefit from the periodic loan 
of a tub grinder from Top Care 
Turf Co. for grinding woody 


plant waste. The Kemper Cen- 
ter will begin teaching vermi- 
composting, the use of worms 
in making compost. 


Water Conservation 
Efficient watering systems 
are the key to water conserva- 
tion. Automated watering 
sytems minimize labor and per- 
mit watering at night to reduce 
evaporation in several of our gar- 
ens. owever, the Garden 
presently lacks the resources to 
install modern landscape irriga- 
tion equipment throughout the 
grounds. Most manual water- 
ing is done early in the day using 
efficient soaker hoses, floor mis- 
ters, and drip systems wherever 
possi 
We_ use supplemental irri- 
gation only when natural rainfall 
is insufficient. We water out- 
door areas deeply once a week 
rather than doing frequent, shal- 
low watering. We plant 
drought-resistant tall turf-type 
fescues rather than less hardy 
bluegrass or other varieties and 
use mulch on all exposed soil to 
minimize water loss. 


Plant Acquisitions 
The Garden is vigilant about 
the sources of its plants and 
keeps meticulous computerized 
records of all plants in the living 
collection. We exercise great 
care that wild collected plants 
s not —— natural popula- 
and we do not accept 
illegally ta plants. We 
purchase only from reputable 
seed producers and growers, ac- 
cepting only nursery-propagated 
native plants, and a high prior- 
ity is given to obtaining species 
of known nativity. 


Enhancing sisal and 

Wildlife Habit 

The pang is a participat- 
ing institution of the Center for 
Plant Conservation and keeps 
species in the CPC National Col- 
lection under propagation here. 
The Horticulture Division gives 


continued on next page 


RICHARD BENKOF 


Trustees Hold Annual Meeting 


T THE ANNUAL MEETING on Wednesday, January 
26, 1994, the Board of Trustees paid tribute to 
two Trustees for their years of service to the 
Garden. President John K. Wallace, Jr. 
presented the special new Missouri Botanical Garden 
Service Award to Trustees Tom K. Smith, Jr., and 
Sydney M. Shoenberg, in recognition of their leader- 


ship through the years. 


Mr. Smith was recognized for 25 years of continu- 
ous service. He first joined the Board for a brief 
period in 1963; following a short departure from St. 
Louis, he rejoined the Board in 1967 and was elected 


Pictured: John Wallace, president of the Board of 
Trustees (left) presents service awards to Sydney 
Shoenberg (center) and Tom K. Smith. 


Garden and has been a tireless proponent of this 
institution as a key element in the cultural life of St. 
Louis. The generosity of Mr. Shoenberg, his family, 
and the Shoenberg Foundation has supported or made 
possible a number of major features at the Garden, 
including the Ridgway Center, the 
Shoenberg Auditorium, the Shoenberg 
Fountain, the Shoenberg Conservation 
Center in the Garden’s library, and the 


aw 


House 


Tom K., 
Smith 
Honored 


to the 
Garden 


ard-winning Shoenberg Temperate 


A number of Trustees have given 


decades of service to the Garden. They 
will be honored at future meetings of the 
Board. Also at the annual meeting, the 
Trustees elected three new term Trustees, 
the Reverend Earl E. Nance, Jr., June 


Ku 


mmer, and John W. McClure. Roma 


Wittcoff was elected as a new Emeritus 
Trustee. Board members Samuel B. Hayes 


Ill 


and M. Peter Fischer were named Life 


Trustees; Marilyn Fox and Carolyn Losos were 
reelected as term Trustees; and Robert E. Kresko, Dr. 
Helen E. Nash, and William E. Maritz became 


Emeritus Trustees. 


HEALTHY PLANTS continued 
priority to enhancing the genetic 
diversity of all of its plant 
collections. Displays and inter- 
pretive signs highlight the 
importance of biodiversity in 
our landscapes. The new Dem- 
onstration Gardens of the 
Kemper Center for Home Gar- 
dening will include hardy native 
plants and gardens specifically 
planned to attract birds and but- 
terflies. The Arboretum places 
the highest priority on preserv- 
ing wildlife habitat and restoring 
native plant communities, ex- 
emplified in the wetlands project 
and the new Whitmire Wild- 
flower Garden. Our decreasing 
reliance on long acting pesticides 
will continue to permit ever-in- 
creasing numbers of insects and 
animals to live our landscape. 


Energy-Scaping 

The Kemper Center teaches 
homeowners to plant deciduous 
trees to shade the house in sum- 
mer and let sunlight through in 
winter; hedges can serve as 
windbreaks and beds of 
groundcovers can help to reduce 
heat reflected from paved areas. 
All buildings at the Garden are 
landscaped with these principles 
in mind. 

Sound horticultural practices 
address our environmental con- 
cerns by making the smallest 
possible impact on our resources 
while working to maintain or 
restore a natural ecological bal- 
ance. The Horticulture Division 
at the Garden will continue 
working to provide leadership 
in these concerns. 


— 
° 
x 
a 
we 
we 
a 
« 
< - 
a 
Co; 
ze 


eee ee 


Tue GARDEN i anger t p In the 
1930s, smoke from soft coal burned in most homes and 
industries made St. Louis so dark that streetlights had to be 
turned on at noon. Before a smoke abatement ordinance 
was enacted in 1940, the oily black coal smoke had killed all 
of the conifers at the Garden—except one. The white pine 
by the Desert House survived and today it still provides 
sustenance for the yellow-bellied sapsuckers that drill the 
hundreds of tiny holes in its trunk. Some tree! 


for Service 


president in 1975. During his presidency, the Garden Trustees 
opened the English Woodland Garden, the Japanese 
Garden, and began construction of the Ridgway Sy ‘-dne\ 4 
Center. He became an Emeritus Trustee in 1988. pe 

Sydney Shoenberg has served on the Board of Sh oen bere 
Trustees for 22 years. He has given enormous © 
amounts of his time and energy in service to the and 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 7. 


Fashion 
A:Function 


The 
Evolution 
of 

Tower 
Grove 
House 


By Judith Smith 


Would you pay $9,352 for a fine, large 
two-bedroom home, with a servants’ wing, 
designed by a prominent architect? That’s 
what Henry Shaw paid for the construc- 
tion of Tower Grove House in 1849. 

When Shaw built Tower Grove House, he intended it to be his 
summer home, complementing his elegant town home at Seventh 
and Locust. Architect George I. Barnett chose the Italianate style 
for Tower Grove House. This style, inspired by villas on Lake 
Como in Italy, was popular for country homes in England. 

When it was first built, Tower Grove House looked much 
different from the home we see today. The east wing was set back 
and consisted of three stories of low-ceilinged servants’ quarters. 
The west wing included all of Mr. Shaw’s living quarters. 

After Mr. Shaw’s death in 1889, the Garden’s next director, Dr. 
William Trelease, was to move into the house with his wife and 
two sons. With only two bedrooms and no indoor plumbing, 
however, the house was not sufficient for a family. The Garden 
Trustees decided that a complete remodeling was in order, and in 
1891 the servants’ wing was replaced with the two-story wing we 
see today, at a cost of $19,000. This more than doubled the 
family living space. Among the added rooms were three more 
bedrooms, the residence’s first indoor bathroom, a more modern 
kitchen, and a formal dining room. 

The exterior surface of the house evolved through the years, as 
well. The exterior is brick, and at first was painted a light color. 
When the new east wing was added, the contractor painted the 
entire house red, to minimize the differences between the older 
and newer construction. It wasn’t until 1918 that the exterior 
took on its current appearance. In that year, stucco was applied 
over the brick. continued on next page 


Judith Smith is a former tour guide for Tower Grove House. 


&. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN ARCHIVES 


MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN ARCHIVES 


Tower Grove House, 
Then and Now 


Above are two views of the House 
in 1890, before the east wing 
was enlarged. 


A modern view of the House, 
above left, shows how 
dramatically the proportions 
of the mansion have changed. 


ToweER GROVE House continued 


Historical Committee 


The restoration of Tower Grove 
House has been ongoing for 40 
years, under the supervision and 
support of the Tower Grove 
House Historical Committee. 
Restoration on the House was 
underway by 1954, and the 
Historical Committee was 
formally established by the Board 
of Trustees in April, 1959, to 
promote the restoration work and 
raise funds. In the late 1970s the 
Tower Grove House Auxiliary was 
established for the purpose of 
raising money to support the 
House; today the Auxiliary 
sponsors the Victorian Christmas 
decorations, the Candlelight Tour, 
and the TeaRoom luncheons. 


Jean Crowder Honored 


Tower Grove House has received 
a generous donation from Su- 
Ellen Viscuso in honor of Jean 
Crowder, the current president of 
Tower Grove House Auxiliary. 
Jean has been a member of the 
Auxiliary since its inception; prior 
to that she served as a tour guide 
at the House. She also serves on 
the Garden Members Board and is 
currently the coordinator of the 
Membership Services Desk. 


AIA Award to 
Conservation Center 


The Emerson Electric Co. 
Conservation Center received a 
merit award at the annual St. 
Louis American Institute of 
Architects/Construction Products 
Council awards dinner September 
15, 1993. The awards recognize 
outstanding achievements in 
architecture and seek to increase 


Mitchell Associates of St. Louis 
were the architects for the 
building, which was dedicated at 
the Garden last spring. 


' ee ia i om 
The late Paul Kohl, dean of the Garden’s Horticulture Division, instructs the 
first group of Garden Guides in January 1969. 


N 1993-94 the Garden Guides observe their silver anniversary 
year. The docent group was organized in 1968 by Ken Peck, Garden 
then head of the Education Division, with help from the Guides’ 
Friends of the Garden, as the Members’ Board was called at i" 

that time. Mr. Peck and colleagues trained the first group of 25 Silver 

women to give tours of the Garden. In the early years the Guides = 

gave tours only to schoolchildren, but today they lecture to Anniversary 

visitors of all ages and interests, on topics from horticulture to 

trees to sculpture to architecture to natural science. Today the Year 

Guides number 74 men and women, who gave 5,331 hours of f 

service to the Garden in 1993. 25 Years of 

The Garden Guides are among the hardest working and best- ; ; 
informed people at the Garden. In addition to their tour duties, Teaching 
Guides take intensive enrichment courses to keep up to date on oS 
current information about the Garden. They administer their Visitors 
own organization, train new docents, do research, host exhibi- . 
tions, and make each visitor's trip to the Garden an unforgettable about the 
experience. 

In 1993 the Guides expanded their free 1 p.m. walking tours 
for the public from three days a week to a daily schedule, March 
through November. They served 16,345 children and adults 
during the year. 


Garden 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Above: Garden Guide Mary Jane Kirtz — a group on 
a tour of the Garden’s sculpture collecti 

Right: Guide Maurita Stueck with a es) as high school 
students in the Desert House. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 9. 


raspberries, some blackberries, 
and strawberries. Highbus 
blueberries are becoming more 
popular but require exacting 
soil conditions. If properly 
cared for, they offer not only 
fruit, but beautiful fall color as 
a landscape planting. Gener- 
ally, gooseberries are not well 
adapted to central and south- 
ern Missouri, but they seem to 
do better in the upper parts of 
the state without special care. 


Site Selection 

Recognize that once plants 
are in the ground, mistakes 
cannot be easily corrected. 
Locate the planting in full sun 
and as close to the house as 
possible, so you can keep tabs 
on pests and diseases as well as 
water conditions. Avoid low or 
sheltered sites, as cold air will 
settle there, making frost 
damage more likely. An 
exposure with full sun on a 
slight slope is ideal. 

A convenient source of 
water is also important. 
Summer in St. Louis can be 
quite dry and hot, making 
supplemental water necessary 
for a top quality crop. Water is 
most important during the 
period when the fruit is 
developing. Water may be 
supplied with sprinklers, 
soaker hoses, or a trickle “drip” 
system. 

Too much water is just as 
bad as too little. Poorly 
drained soils often lead to 
problems with sensitive crops 
like blueberries and raspber- 
ries. As you prepare the soil, 
check the drainage by digging 
a one-foot deep hole and fill it 
with water. If water is still in 
the bottom of the hole 24 
hours later, you need to choose 
another spot or do some extra 
work to penetrate the hardpan. 


i 
: 
: 
- 


The Demonstration Fruit 
Garden 

One of the 23 gardens to be 
installed at the Center for 
Home Gardening is the Fruit 
Garden, which will display 
small fruits and fruit bearing 
trees. Featuring a wide 
assortment of fruits and 
techniques for growing them, 
this garden is sure to pique the 
interest of the backyard 
gardener who has always 
wanted to enjoy luscious 
home-ripened fruits. An“edible 
landscape” can be both 
functional and attractive, with 
maintenance requirements 
similar to other ornamentals. 


Choosing a Fruit Crop 
Finding the best selections 
for Missouri's climate is made 
easier by the extensive testing 
done by our University 
Extension system. The most 
dependable selections can 
withstand the low tempera- 
tures typical of our winters, as 
cold injury from late spring 
frosts is the leading cause of 
problems with small fruits. 
The easiest small fruits to 
grow here include grapes, 


10. 


Site Preparation 

Soil preparation is the most 
important factor for successful 
small fruit crops. It should be 
done a year ahead, or at the 
very least in the fall before 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1 ot 


SMALL FRUITS: AN EDIBLE LANDSCAPE 


planting. Soils need to settle 
so that plantings remain at the 
proper depth and the crowns 
don’t sink. Cane-type fruit 
crops such as blackberries and 
raspberries will eventually 
develop a root system two feet 
deep; this is the depth of a 
properly prepared site. 

Tillers will not reach a two- 
foot depth, so you must double 
dig the planting area. Double 
digging requires removing the 
top foot of soil, laying it aside, 
and then digging down another 
foot. Add organic matter in 
the form of compost, leaf mold, 
or peat moss. This will loosen 
clay soils; about two bushels 
per square yard will be 
sufficient. Till the surface and 
you are ready to plant. 

Planting a green manure 
crop in the fall will help to 
settle the newly tilled soil and 
provide some erosion control 
through the winter. Manure 
crops are sown, grown, and 
plowed under in the spring. 
Oats and annual rye are good 
fall cover crops to be planted in 
the first part of October. 

In the spring, do a soil test 
to determine adequate levels of 
nutrients. The Center for 
Home Gardening will process 
samples for you for a small fee. 
Nitrogen levels should be kept 
minimal in the first year. For 
most crops, this is the most 
important time for establishing 
the planting. Use a complete 
fertilizer containing nitrogen, 
Phosphorous, and potassium 
depending on your soil test. 
Plowing the cover crop under 
will also add some nutrients, 
but the value of a cover crop is 
largely in the organic matter it 
adds to the soil. 

Don’t expect to harvest a 
significant crop until the 
second or third season. 
Everbearing raspberries and 
dayneutral strawberries are the 
exceptions, bearing small crops 
the first year. In the second 
and third years, fertilizer rates 
will change depending upon 
the crop and whether you are 


working rows or a square area. 
The Center for Home Garden- 
ing can assist you when the 
time comes.. 


Strawberries 
Strawberries are a durable 
crop that make an attractive 
border planting. You can 
choose from three different 
types including junebearing, 
everbearing and dayneutral. 
Junebearing strawberries 
yield a crop the year following 
planting. In the first year, 
blossoms are removed so that 
the plants willdirect most of 
their energy into establishing 
themselves. Runners fill in the 
rows, producing new plants. 
Harvest in the second year is 
from late May through June. 
The planting should continue 
to be productive for four to five 
years. Good cultivars for this 
area are Earliglow, Redchief, 
Surecrop, and Cardinal. 
Everbearing strawberries 
will produce a crop in the fall 
of the first year and in both the 
spring and the fall each year 
thereafter. The first year’s 
spring blossoms should be 
removed, allowing late summer 
blossoms to produce the first 
crop. These strawberries can 
be planted in containers and 
should be protected from heat 
in mid-summer. The best 
cultivar is Ozark Beauty. 
Dayneutral strawberries 
require different cultural 
conditions. These berries will 
produce fruit throughout the 
season when daytime tempera- 
tures are below 85 degrees F. 
Plants are usually kept for two 
years, then replaced with new 
ones. Tribute and Tristar are 
good cultivars for this area . 


Raspberries and 
Blackberries 

Bramble crops do well in 
our area but need to be 
carefully pruned to keep plants 
productive and in bounds. 
Deep, well-drained, organic 
soils are crucial. 

While the root systems and 


crowns live year after year, the 
canes live only two years. The 
first year canes are called 
primocanes and do not 
produce fruit. Second year 
canes are called floricanes and 
produce flowers, set fruit, then 
die out. After harvest, ; 
floricanes are removed to allow 
room for the primocanes to 
develop into floricanes. 

Fall or everbearing raspber- 
ries present an exception to 
the above because they can 
produce fruit on first year 
canes in late summer and early 
fall. They will continue to bear 
fruit in the next year before 
dying out. Overall, it is easier 
to manage the everbearing 
raspberries for a fall-bearing 
crop, cutting out all canes 
which produced fruit one year 
and keeping three to four canes 
per plant for the next season. 
Good summer bearing raspber- 
ries include Southland, Latham 
and Royalty. Everbearing 
raspberries include Heritage, 
Ruby Red and Redwing. 

Blackberries survive well in 
St. Louis with protection from 
winter cold but generally are 
less hardy than raspberries. 
There are several types: erect, 
semi-erect, and trailing. The 
erect blackberries come as 
either thornless or thorned, are 
the most reliable, and do not 
need support. The thornless 
types are considered to be less 
hardy than thorny but they are 
a pleasure when it comes time 
to pick! Trailing forms are 
thornless, require support, and 
are not reliably winter hardy. 

Since the minimum winter 
temperature is the most likely 
factor to limit blackberry 
production, location on a 
sunny slope is ideal. 

Gardeners frequently 
complain about blackberries 
getting out of control. Pruning 
several times during the 
summer is critical to managing 
the plants. A six-foot wire 
trellis will help. New canes 
should be cut back to four feet 
high to promote side branching 


several times during the 
season. Erect, thorny cultivars 
for this area include Cherokee, 
Illini Hardy and Darrow. 
Recommended thornless 
cultivars are Navaho and 
Chester. 


Blueberries 

The biggest challenge to 
raising blueberries is getting 
the soil conditions right at the 
very beginning. Blueberries 
require a more perfectly 
drained site than any other 
small fruit, not too wet or too 
dry. Work organic matter into 
the soil to improve drainage, 
and be sure to mulch to guard 
against winter kill. 

Equally important, blueber- 
ries require an acid soil, pH 4.8 
- 5.5. Soils that start out above 
6.0 are hard to adjust suffi- 
ciently to raise blueberries. If 
your soil is too alkaline, it 
might be easier to construct a 
raised bed and completely 
manage the soil from the 
beginning. Typically, sulfur 
needs to be added to the site at 
least a season before planting 
in order to effectively acidify 
the soil. Soil testing should be 
done to adjust the amount of 
sulfur applied, then repeat the 
application each season to 
maintain the desired pH range, 
following a soil test check. 
Adding peat moss to the 
planting hole will help to 
maintain an acid condition. 

Blueberries generally do not 
have insect and disease 
problems. Birds, however, can 
be a problem, and the most 
effective control is netting. 
Blueberries blossom in April 
but are not generally affected 
by late spring frosts. Planting 
two cultivars is recommended 
to assist with pollination, but it 
is not absolutely necessary for 
a good crop. Cultivars 
recommended for our area are 
Earliblue, Bluecrop, and Jersey. 


Grapes 
Many homeowners are 
getting the urge to grow grapes 


"eke PaeCu £ ee 


The Garden has several telephone services 
available to assist you. 


GardenLine 577-9400 
IALh ee | F 3 xy 


' 
hours.a d di 


314, call1-800-642-8842 toll free, 24 hours a day. 


Horticultural Answer Service (314)577-5143 
Monday through Saturday, 9:00 a.m. to noon. 
Master Gardeners are on hand to answer your 
gardening questions. The Answer Service does not 

through February. 


HortLine (314) 776-5522 
24-hour recorded gardening information is avail- 
able with a touch tone telephone. You will need a 
brochure listing the hundreds of HortLine topics 
in order to use the service; you may request a 
brochure by calling the Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening at (314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 
daily. Plants in Bloom at the Garden is updated 
weekly. Press 3 when you call HortLine. 


Master Composter Hotline (314) 577-9555 
9 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. Specially 
trained Master Gardeners are on hand to answer 


4 + é 2 
niques. After hours leave a message and your call 


will be returned. The Master Composter program 
is supported by the Monsanto Fund. 


for wines, preserves, and for 
the table. American and 
French-American hybrid 
grapes are recommended in 
this area. European grapes 
require an extended growing 
season with winter rains and 
are not generally hardy. 
Choosing which grape to 
plant depends upon what it 
will be used for. The seeded 
American Concord grape is the 
standard for juice, jelly and 
jams. Seedless American 
grapes are good for fresh 
eating, with Himrod and 
Reliance as popular choices. 
Wine can be made from any 
grape. French-American 
hybrids, though less hardy, can 
be grown here. Recommended 
varieties would include Seyval 
Blanc and Vignoles. 
Controlling pests, diseases, 
and birds is a challenge for 
every grape grower. Trellis 


supports are necessary to keep 
the planting open, guard 
against disease and maximize 
production. 
--Dr. Steven D. Cline, 
Manager, Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening 


The Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening is open 10 
a.m. to 4 p.m. dai 


The Plant Doctor is avail- 
able 10 a.m. to noon and 1 
to 3 p.m. Monday through 
Satu 2 


Admission to the Kemper 
Center is free with regular 
Garden admission. For 
information on classes and 
activities at the Center, 
please refer to the Adult 
Education brochure mailed 
to all members, or call 
577-9440. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 11. 


four tuesdays in march 


Gardening by Design 


Join noted experts for a look at the best in 


cs 
a= 
"o 
i 


Tickets are available by subscription for 
$28/members, $35/non-members. Single 
tickets are available at the door, only if the 
series is not sold out: $8.50/members, $10/ 
non-members. Afternon and evening 
tickets may not be mixed in a subscription. 
See the brochure mailed to all members, or 
call (314) 577-5125. 


astilbes, primulas, nasturtiums, 
Garden admission. 


12. 


BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL 1994 


landscape design and gardening techniques. 


freesias, irises, tulips, grape hyacinths, columbines 


and more. Free with 


march 1 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 
“Basics of Garden 


Design” 

1 and 7 p.m., Shoenber 
Auditorium. Todd Steadman, 
former senior garden editor for 
Southern Living magazine and 
now head of his own landscape 
architecture firm, discusses 
how to prepare a master plan 
for every garden. See highlight. 


march 6 sunday 
Kathryn Hopkins 
Exhibit 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through 


April 10, Monsanto Hall, 
Ridgway Center. Local artist 


Kathryn Hopkins makes subtle _ 


use of papers and objects in 
her works with a floral and 
botanical theme. Free with 
Garden admission. 


march 8 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 
“Garden Gadgetry” 

1 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. Steve Dobbs, 
consumer horticulturist with 
the Oklahoma Cooperative 
Extension Service, displays the 
latest garden gadgets, gizmos, 
and shortcuts in a livel 
“hands-on” presentation. See 
highlight. 


march 12 - april 10 Saturday ~ sunday 


Spring Flower Show 


march 11 friday 
Members’ Preview: 
Spring Flower Show 

5 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. A 
glimpse of springtime on the 
quiet coast of New England. 
Entertainment, cash bar. 
Dinner buffet available in the 
Gardenview Restaurant. For 
members only. 


march 15 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 
“Groundcovers and 


Vines” 

1 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. A look at creative 
uses of landscape plantings 
with Allen Lacy, professor of 
philosophy and a popular 
garden writer for The New 
York Times, editor of The 
American Gardener, and 
author of The Garden in 
Autumn, Home Ground, and 
Farther Afield. See highlight. 


march 17 thursday 
Lecture: “Life in the 
Forest Canopy: Explo- 
rations of the Last 


Biotic Frontier” 

The Jane and Whitney Harris 
Lecture Series, presented at the 
St. Louis Science Center by the 
International Center for 
Tropical Ecology at the 
University of Missouri-St. 
Louis and the St. Louis Science 
Center. Featuring Dr. Nalini 
Nadkarni of The Evergreen 
State College and former 
director of research at The 
Marie Selby Botanical Gardens. 
7:30 p.m.: a showing of the 
film Tropical Rainforest in the 
OMNIMAX Theater; 8:15 p-™- 
a lecture by Dr. Nadkarni, 
followed by a reception. Call 
the Office of University 
Relations, UMSL, 553-5442 for 
ticket prices, information, and 


reservations. 


— tl 


march 22 tuesday 
Gardening by Design: 
“Wildflowers in Your 


Garden” 

1 and 7 p.m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. Join Viki 
Ferreniea, former director of 
horticulture for the New 
England Wildflower Society 
and one of America’s foremost 
wildflower experts, for 
recommendations on creating 
and maintaining wildflowers 
in your own garden. 

See highlight. 


april 16 & 17 
saturday & sunday 


Bonsai Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Ridgway 
Center. The Bonsai Society of 
Greater St. Louis holds its 
popular annual display. Free 
with Garden admission. 


april 21 - 24 
thursday - sunday 


Spring Plant Sale 

9 a.m. to 6 p.m., Thursday and 
Friday; 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., 
Saturday and Sunday; Garden 
Gate Shop and Orthwein Floral 
Hall. Members receive a 20% 
discount on all gifts and plants, 
all four days. See page 15. 


april 24 sunday 


Chinese Celebration 

11 a.m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway 
Center. The second annual 
celebration of Chinese culture 
at the Garden, a colorful 
introduction to Chinese music, 
arts and crafts, and cuisine. 
Free with Garden admission. 


april 30 & may 1 


saturday & sunday 
Garden Club Flower 
Show 


1 to 5 p.m. Saturday; 10 a.m. to 
5 p.m., Sunday, Orthwein 
Floral Hall. The East Central 
District of Federated Garden 
Clubs of Missouri host a juried 
show with exhibits in flower 
arranging design and horticul- 
ture. Free with Garden 
admission. 


Members’ Days SS 


march 16wednesday “For the Birds” 

7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Bob and Rita Whitcomb, 
owners of Wild Birds Unlimited of Kirkwood, will show and tell 
you what to do in your yard to help attract our little feathered 
friends. Seating is limited. Drawing for a gift certificate from 
Creve Coeur Botanicals. Free, for members only. 


april 28thursday Specialty Garden Tours 

1 to 4 p.m., continuous tours. Visit our specialty gardens for 
flowering bulbs, rock plants, and rhododendrons, and talk with 
the horticultural staff and Master Gardeners who are experts in 
caring for these displays. Meet in Monsanto Hall, Ridgway 
Center. Attendance drawing. Free, for members only. 


every day 


Free Walking Tours 

1 p.m. daily. Meet the Garden Guides at the 
Ridgway Center ticket counter, rain or shine, for a 
fascinating tour of the Garden. Free with regular 
admission. 


wednesdays & saturdays 


| 
Garden Walkers’ Breakfast | 
7 a.m., grounds. In cooperation with the American 
Heart Association, the grounds open early every 
Wednesday and Saturday morning to encourage 
fitness walking. Greenhouses open at 9 a.m. 
Breakfast is available for purchase in the 
Gardenview Restaurant, 7 to 10:30 a.m. Admission 
is free on Wednesdays and Saturdays until noon. | 


continuing 
Ecology of U.S. Agriculture: Past, 


Present, and Future 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Brookings Interpretive 
Center. A pictorial history of American agriculture 
demonstrates the role of agriculture in the environ- | 
ment, using visual displays, computers, and 
hands-on activities. Problems, solutions, and 
future challenges are presented. Developed jointly | 
by the University of Missouri College of Agricul- 
ture, Food and Natural Resources, University | 
Extension, and the Garden. Free with Garden 
admission. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 13. 


a 


RICHARD BENKOF 


New officers, shown from left: Herb Jones, Ann Bowen, Mike Cole, 
Jane Tschudy, Marcia Trulaske, Margie Jaffe. 


New Officers and Members 
Are Elected to Board 


Members 


A: THE ANNUAL MEETING of the Garden’s Members’ Board, held 
January 24, 1994, at Spink Pavilion, new officers were elected. 
The Board also paid tribute to Mary Longrais, who has served as 
president for the past two years. 

The new officers are: Jane Tschudy, president; Ann Bowen, 
first vice president; Herb Jones, second vice president; Mike Cole, 
treasurer, Marcia Trulaske, corresponding secretary; Margie Jaffe, 
recording secretary. 

New members elected to serve on the Board are: Jill Dowd, 
Barbara English, Mary Fox, Terrie Hogan, Mary Phelan, Julie 
Schnuck, Ginny Senkosky, and Glee Stanley. 


1994 MEMBERS’ TRAVEL PROGRAM 


Mother’s Day 


Trustees Honor Mary 
Longrais 

Mrs. ANTONIO I. LoNGRaIs, who completed 
a two-year term as president of the Mem- 
bers’ Board in January, was honored by the 
Board of Trustees at their annual meeting 
on January 26, 1994. During Mrs. Longrais’ 
tenure the 30,000th family member joined 
the Garden. The Board inaugurated two 
new events, the Best of Missouri Market 
and the Missouri Country Affair, and held 
the fourth Garden Tour attended by 1,500 
Garden members and guests. John Wallace, 
president of the Board of Trustees, said, 
“Mary’s term has been wonderfully produc- 
tive. She brought to the post a great sense 
of commitment and a willingness to work 
with Board members and staff to produce 
memorable members’ events. Her gracious 
manner and warm personality endeared us 
to members and visitors alike. We thank 
her and her husband Tony for their enthu- 
siastic participation and service.” 


Mary Longrais receives a framed botanical 
print from John Wallace in recognition of 
er service as president of the Members’ 

Board. 


Reciprocal 


The Gardens of Wales 
May 14 -- 22, 1994 


A SCENIC TOUR of the gardens, castles, homes, and ancient 
archeological sites of Wales. Stay at historic Bodysgallen Hall, 
with visits to the splendid gardens of LLewesog, Bodnant, Bryn 
Bras Castle, Foxbrush, Plas Newyydd, and Caernnarfon Castle. 
Special lectures will be given by Nigel Brown, curator of the 
Trebarth Botanic Garden at Bangor; Maldwyn Thomas of the BBC: 
and Michael Senior, garden historian. A visit to the Celtic and 


Hortus, the international garden journal. At several stops the 

group will be entertained by the owners of the historic gardens. 
For complete information on this exciting travel adventure, 

please call Brenda Banjak at (314) 577-9517. 


14. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


Luncheon Is May 6 


MARK YOUR CALENDARS TODAY 
for the popular Mother’s Day 
Luncheon at the Garden! 
Reservations for the gala 
luncheon party are $40 per 
person for members and $50 
for non-members. Watch your 
mail for a special invitation in 
April, or make your reservation 
by calling (314) 577-9500. 


Admissions 

ONE OF THE MOST welcome 
benefits of your Garden 
membership is a program 
offering free admission and 
additional benefits at over 100 
botanical gardens, arboreta, 
and conservatories throughout 
North America. To obtain the 
benefits of this program, 
administered by the American 
Horticultural Society, just 
present your Garden member- 
ship card at any participating 
institution. The list of institu- 
tions is too lengthly to list 
here, but you can obtain a 
brochure by calling the 
Membership Office, (314) 577- 
9500. 


Easter Is April 3 


EASTER IS EARLY this year, so get ready for 
spring with colorful blooming plants, 
baskets, lovely Easter decorations, and 
distinctive gifts. The Shop is featuring the 
new Missouri Botanical Garden boxed 
notecards featuring color photographs of 
the Garden by Jack Jennings. These are 
perfect for Mother’s Day, coming up on 
Sunday, May 8. 


Spring Plant Sale 
Members’ Pre-sale: 


Thursday, April 21 & Friday, April 22: 
a.m. to 6 


Sale opens to the public: 


Saturday, April 23 & Sunday, April 24, 
9am. to5 : 


VisiIT THE ORTHWEIN FLORAL HALL for the 
latest selections in herbs, perennials, 
annuals, roses, azaleas, and bulbs. In the 
Garden Gate Shop look for new and 
exciting gifts and gardening items for 
spring and summer. Members receive 20 
percent off all merchandise, all four days. 


GARDEN To BE Part OF A UNIQUE COLLABORATIVE PROJECT 


Cures from the Rain Forest of Suriname 


Tite PLANts OF SURINAME will be collected 
and studied for their medicinal value, with 
the aim of developing new drugs, by the 
Missouri Botanical Garden in cooperation 
with Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State 
University, Conservation International, 
Bedrijf Geneesmiddelen Voorziening 
Suriname (BGVS), and Bristol-Meyers, 
Squibb. The five-year project is funded by a 
unique new collaborative government pro- 
gram of the U.S. Agency for International 
Development, the National Institutes of 
Health and the National Science Founda- 
tion. The program, known as the 
International Cooperative Biodiversity 
Groups (ICBG) program, awarded this group 
approximately $2.5 million over the next 
five years. Four other groups also received 
$2.5 million, five-year awards. 

The overall objective is to stimulate 
biodiversity conservation in Suriname by 
demonstrating the value of biodiversity to 
the country and its people. The five organi- 
zations involved will each contribute 
expertise to carry out a program of examin- 
ing potential medicinal agents from 
Suriname’s rain forest and will initiate a 
program of educational and extension ac- 
tivities in the country, located on the 
northeast coast of South America. 

The project allows researchers an un- 
usual opportunity to compare the yield of 
“random” collecting of plants for medicinal 
value with collecting plants traditionally 
used medicinally by indigenous peoples. 


Ecological study plots in different life zones 
will be established by MBG and Conserva- 
tion International botanists; all the plants 
of these plots will be collected and screened. 
Conservation International will interview 
traditional healers in the same plots to pin- 
point the plants they have used in order to 
determine what percentage of species from 
the plot area are used ethnomedically. 

Using both methods of collecting in the 
same plot areas should prove valuable in 
helping scientists worldwide examine the 
rationale for selection of plant material as a 
potential source of new medicines. 

Other aspects of the project include train- 
ing of Surinamese botanists, conservationists 
and chemists, plus efforts to ensure that 
ethnobotanical knowledge is passed on to 
the younger generation. Strengthening the 
conservation ethic locally will help 
Surinamers manage their natural resources 
more efficiently. The ICBG collaborators 
will also search for non-medicinal forest 
products which can be brought to market 
in the short term to augment the economic 
value of the intact forest as soon as possible. 

“We are very excited about this project,” 
said Dr. Henk van der Werff, head of the 
Garden’s Floristics Department and MBG 
coordinator of the ICBG. “It allows us to 
accomplish four important goals: to study 
biodiversity and its conservation, to screen 
plant species for potential medicinal com- 
pounds, and to help the infrastructure of 
Suriname.” 


New Genus and Species of 
Tree Links Latin America 
to Africa 


SCIENTISTS have identified a new genus and 
species of tree in Costa Rica in a plant fam- 
ily that was previously thought to contain 
just one genus and species from Africa, ac- 
cording to a paper in Novon, the journal for 
botanical nomenclature published by the 
Missouri Botanical Garden 

Ruptiliocarpon, which grows in Costa Rica 
and northern South America, had previ- 
ously been placed by botanists in both the 
bean and mahogany families. With the pub- 
lication of the article, Ruptiliocarpon is placed 
in the family Lepidobotryacaeae, whose only 
other genus, Lepidobotrys, grows in Africa. 

While both genere have been classified 

ilies during their no- 
marble histories, each was considered 
distinct enough to have had its own family 
created to accommodate it. Now, with the 
discovery of Ruptiliocarpon and its remark- 
able similarity to the African Lepidobotrys 
both are being placed in Lepidobotryacaeae, 
the family created in 1950 for Lepidobotrys. 

The discovery of the relationship between 
these two groups of plants has led Garden 
scientists and associates to conclude that 
Ruptiliocarpon and Lepidobotrys have de- 
scended from an ancestor that was probably 
present in both Africa and South America 
when the two continents were much closer 
together, between 100 and 50 million years 
ago. The affinities between these plants 
add evidence to the theory that the flora of 
the American tropics and that of Africa 
shared a common origin on a great conti- 
nent, Gondwanaland, which broke up to 
become, in part, South America and Africa. 

So far, Ruptiliocarpon is represented by 
only one species. Botanists Barry Hammel 
of the Garden and Nelson A. Zamora of the 
Universidad Nacional Autonoma and the 
Instituto Nacional de Biodiverisidad of Costa 
Rica, the authors of the article, have named 
that species Ruptiliocarpon caracolito. Col- 
lections from South America have come to 
light since the genus’ discovery in Costa 
Rica; they await further study and are likely 
to be described as another new species 
within the genus. 

Ongoing investigations on an extract of 
the bark of Ruptiliocarpon caracolito show 
promise as a natural pesticide. “The nov- 
elty, problematic placement, and economic 
potential of Ruptiliocarpon underscore the 
urgency of continued exploration, study, 
and protection of tropical flora,” wrote 
Hammel and Zamora. 

BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL1994 15. 


wvwariatt 


Bryology 


The Garden’s collection of these 
tiny plants is one of the largest 


in the U.S. 


by Robert Magill, Ph.D., 
Curator, Missouri Botanical 


Garden 


10. 


HAT IS BRYOLOGY? Bryology is the study of 
bryophytes, the plants commonly called 
mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryo- 

hytes are plants that have specialized in 
being small. Like all plants they are green and 
therefore, unlike fungi, produce their own food. 
Mosses, like ferns, produce spores for reproduction 
rather than seed and so are thought to be more 
primitive than flowering plants. 

It is estimated there are about 10,000 moss species 
that are about equally distributed between the tropical 
and temperate areas of the world. They are a compo- 
nent in every natural forest and bog ecosystem. The 
world’s oceans are the only major habitat in which 
mosses do not occur; there are, however, a few mosses 
adapted to living within the ocean spray-zone. The 
commonly accepted notion that mosses grow in areas 
around waterfalls and streams is correct, but is only 
part of the truth. Mosses can be found in most habitats 
occupied by plants, from the hot deserts of North 
America, Africa, and Australia to the frigid zones of the 


Arctic or the Antarctica. 

Mosses even grow as green 
cushions in cracks on the side- 
walks of St. Louis and can be 
found on trees or in lawns and 
flower beds in your own gar- 
den. They are not aggressive 
plants and cannot, as is some- 
times suggested, displace 
flowering plants or lawn grasses. 
They will colonize shaded, 
slightly acid, damp areas in 
lawns that are not optimum areas for the 
growth of grasses, but an application of fer- 
tilizer or bone meal will generally result in 
their decline. 

Although mosses are a small part of the 
flora in the St. Louis area, they can be a 
dominant element in some tropical 
ecosystems or wet temperate forests such 
as those of the Pacific Northwestern 
United States. Mosses perform a vital 
function in their ecosystem by absorbing 
and holding massive amounts of water. In 
this way, mosses contribute to a healthy 
environment as part of intact forests; on 
the other hand, when forests have been 
degraded, unprotected soil is unable to 
hold the precipitation, resulting in 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


Members of the Bryology Department (from left): Greg Pedano, Bob 
Magill, He Si, Bruce Allen, Leonardo Mourre, Marshall Crosby. 
Illustration at left: A closeup of a moss, Brymela tutezona Crosby 
& Allen 


aggravated erosion which muddies rivers and streams. 
Moss cushions also serve as collection points for 
wind-blown soil and seeds thus forming a natural 
nursery for forest plants. In forests, mosses provide 
homes for many insects, fungi, and micro-organisms 
that aid in the production of humus. Mosses are also 
frequently used as nesting material by small birds and 
mammals. The great northern bogs, the source of 
peat moss, have been formed through the millennia by 
the growth mosses, especially Sphagnum, throughout 
wetlands and moors. 

The study of mosses at the Garden is centered 
around a collection of over 250,000 bryophyte 
specimens, one of the richest in the world. The 
collection includes specimens from throughout the 
world, some from the early 18th century which were 
obtained with the Benhardi collection, purchased by 
George Englemann for Henry Shaw in 1857. Recent 
collections by Garden staff have come from Chile, 
China, Comoros Islands, the Russian Far East, and 
Honduras. This large collection helps the Garden’s 


bryological staff to better understand the distribution 
of mosses around the world, the morphological 
variations exhibited by distant populations of the 
same species, and the relationships between and 
within remote continental floras. 

The collection is currently housed on the second 
and third floors of the Administration Building - the 
southern extension of Henry Shaw’s Town House. 
The collection is kept in four- by six- inch packets 
filed upright in index card cabinets. This method of 
specimen housing is innovative and has been adopted 
by several other herbaria. In addition to effectively 
compacting the collections, this filing method also 
results in substantial financial savings over traditional 
storage procedures in which specimen packets are 
mounted on standard herbarium sheets and stored in 
herbarium cabinets. 


Research in bryology at the Garden is 
varied. Major projects range from “Recent 
Literature on Mosses,” an intensive anno- 
tated bibliography of the world’s literature 
dealing with mosses, to world monographs 
of tropical moss genera. Staff projects in- 
clude the writing of floras for south 
temperate Africa, tropical Africa, and Cen- 
tral America, and checklists of Thailand and 

ile. The staff also maintains an index to 
all moss names (MOST) in the Garden’s 
data base (TROPICOS) and has ambitiously 
begun to use the accumulated information 
to initiate a global checklist of the world’s 
mosses. The first phase of this important 
project is now underway 


Bryology Department Staff 


Dr. Bruce Allen, associate curator, 
is working on a moss flora of Central 
America, revisions of tropical and temper- 
ate mosses, and North American floristic 
studies. He co-authors a bibliographic 
compilation, Recent Literature on Mosses, 
that collates the world’s literature on 
mosses. 

Dr. Marshall Crosby, senior botanist 
and senior advisor to the director, 

is coordinating the production of a 
worldwide checklist of mosses that will 
contain information of the estimated 
10,000 species of mosses. His moss names 
register project, Index of Mosses, continues 
to catalog new names and nomenclatural 
changes. He is also coordinating develop- 
ment ie the n new v research facility. 

Dr.R 


and head of - the Department ‘of 
Floristics, 
is working on moss floras for temperate 
and tropical Africa and revisions of 
tropical mosses. He contributes to the 
hames register project, Index of Mosses, 
and co-authors the bibliographic compila- 
tion, Recent Literature on Mosses. 

He Si tdoct j h 


recently completed his dissertation, a 
revision of the moss genera Homalia, 
Pendulothecium and Symphyodon. He is 
now working on a checklist of Thailand 
mosses and curating a large collection of 
Chilean bryophytes recently acquired by 
the Garden. 
Greg Pedano is the herbarium curatorial 
assistant for the bryophyte collection, 
jourre and Jamie Parr are 
plant mounters who concentrate on the 
bryophyte collection. They packeted 
21,117 specimens in 1994. 


A Visit to the Russian Far East 


by James Solomon, Ph.D., Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden 


D URING SEPTEMBER, 1993, Dr. Robert Magill and I had an exciting opportu- 

nity to visit the Institute of Biology and Pedology in Vladivostok, Russia, 
and to make collections of vascular plants and mosses in southern Primorskiy 
Territory, the most species-rich portion of the Russian Far East. This expedition 
was made possible by a grant from the National Geographic Society. 

The Russian Far East, particularly the port of Vladivostok, opened to the 
West in 1992. Much of the region has been closed to non-Russians since the 
end of World War Il. As a result, little is known outside Russia of the flora of 
this very interesting region. Our expedition was one of the first ever by Western 
botanists. 

ery few plant specimens from the region are found in scientific collections 
outside of Russia. The nearly 1,400 new collections of vascular plants and 
mosses that we gathered on our trip will be of great interest to researchers, 
especially those involved in international floristic projects such as the Flora of 
North America and the Flora of China. We also gathered and documented seeds 
from more than 120 species for the Garden's horticultural accession program. 
The seeds will be grown for horticultural evaluation. 

With the help of Dr. Sigizmund Kharkevich and Dr. Seer 
Vyachaslav Barkalov, both of whom visited the Garden 
during the past year, and other Russian botanists, we 
traveled down the coast by boat to the field station of 
the Far East State Marine Reserve on the Gamov Penin- 
sula and to Kedrovaij Pad’ Reserve, near the Chinese was one 
border. From there we went to Lazofsky Reserve, where 
we saw, in addition to many marvelous plants, signs of of the first 
the presence of Siberian tigers. It’s exciting to know 
these magnificent animals are close at hand, even though ever by 
they are unseen. 


Our visit 


Another highlight of our trip was climbing Mt. Western 
Olkhovaya (1,670 m), one of the highest mountains in 
the Russian Far East. The summit is covered with a botanists 


very interesting alpine and sub-alpine flora. According 

to Dr. Barkalov, we were the first foreigners ever to 

scale this peak. One result of our expedition was the 

discovery of a moss, Meteorium subpolytrichum, that 

was previously known only from regions much farther south, in Japan, China, and 
Korea. Our collection represents the first time the genus and its family have been 
reported growing in the Russian Far East. 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 17. 


Martin Schweig Is Named to 
Botanical Garden Subdistrict 
Commissio 


Martin Schweig has been named to serve on 
the Botanical Garden Subdistrict Commis- 
sion through December 31, 1994, by Mayor 
Freeman R. Bosley, Jr. Mr. Schweig re- 
places the late Homer Sayad as a 
Commissioner. 

Mr. Schweig, a native St. Louisan, is the 
former director of the Martin Schweig Stu- 
dio and Gallery in the Central West End. 
Founded by Schweig’s grandfather in 1893, 
the studio is now operated by his son. Mar- 
tin Schweig is a distinguished photographer 
with many awards for artistic achievement 
and excellence. A graduate of Washington 
University, he has exhibited at Fontbonne 
College, First Street Forum, John Burroughs 
School, and the University of Missouri Cen- 
ter for Metropolitan Studies; he has taught 
at Washington University, Webster Univer- 
sity, and University of Missouri-St. Louis. 
His work has been widely published and is 
in the permanent collection of the St. Louis 
Art Museum and private collections. 

In addition to his career as a photogra- 
pher and teacher, Mr. Schweig has a 
longstanding commitment to environmen- 
tal and conservation organizations. He is 
president of the Animal Protective Associa- 
tion of Missouri and helped to start 
PetReach, an animal-assisted therapy pro- 
gram that takes dogs and cats to hospitals 
and facilities for abused children, the aged, 
and people with disabilities who can benefit 
from contact with friendly animals. He is a 
past president of the Committee for Envi- 
ronmental Information and the St. Louis 
Audubon Society and has served on the 
boards of Young Audiences and the Saint 
Louis Zoo Association. 

“I have been involved in conservation all 


18. BULLETIN MARCH / APRIL 1994 


Sweden Honors Garden Curator 
with 1993 Dahigren Prize 


Peter Goldblatt, Ph.D., the B.A. Krukoff 
Curator of African Botany at the Gar- 
den, received the 1993 Rolf Dahlgren 
Prive fr, the RP 1} pl . L.-¢ 


ciety of Sweden. The award was 
presented at a f 1 y held at 
the University of Lund, Sweden, on De- 
cember 2, 1993. 

The late Rolf Da n, a distin- 
guished Swedish botanist, was a 
professor of botany at the University of 

gen. The prize was established 
in his memory in the late 1980s and is 
awardoal +h L + 


standing achievements in systematic 
botany. Goldblatt, who is an expert on 
petaloid monocots and the Iridaceae, 
or iris family, delivered two lectures in 
conjunction with the award, at Lund 
and at Copenhagen. 

The Royal Physiographic Society is 
220 years old. Linnaeus, the legendary 


ern bionomial system of plant 


presented awards to distinguished sci- 
entists in pharmacology and medicine 
for many years 


Goldblatt Edits Book on 
Biology of Africa and South 
America 
A major new volume, Biological Rela- 
tionships between Africa and South 
ica, has been published by Yale 
University Press. Edited by Dr. Peter 
Goldblatt, the book represents the pro- 
ceedings of the 37th annual Systematics 
Symposium, held at the Garden Octo- 
ber 4-6, 1990. 

The Symposium reflected the 
Garden’s longstanding work in tropi- 
cal botany in both South America and 
Africa. It brought together leading ge- 
ologists, biologists, and climatologists 
to examine most current research 
on the striking evolutionary divergence 
of the flora and fauna of the new and 
old world tropics that began 100 mil- 
lion years ago, when the landmass 
called West Gondwana began to sepa- 
rate into two distinct continents, South 
America and Africa. 

“This excellent volume provides the 
1 Bt ss fh 


historical biogiography of West 
Gondw. H. Raven 
in the Foreward. “We are very proud 
to have contributed to this important 
study of evolution,” he said. 


my life,” Mr. Schweig said. “After World 
War II the Audubon Society used to hold 
classes at the Garden, and I would bring 
eagles and owls to show to children. I love 
to work in my own garden, but there’s al- 
ways so much more to learn! Maybe 
someday I'll truly be a gardener.” 

He continued, “The Garden is one of the 
outstanding assets of St. Louis. You can 
enjoy it on so many levels: aesthetic, scien- 
tific, horticultural. I visit the Garden often 
for pleasure, and I’m looking forward to 
serving on the Commission.” 

The Subdistrict is comprised of ten mem- 
bers, five each from St. Louis City and 
County. Commissioners serve as the public 
body responsible for receiving and disburs- 
ing funds acquired through the property 
tax support approved by voters in 1983. 


Ce 

Center for Plant Conservation 
Receives Support to Assess 
Economic Potential of Rare 
Plants 


The Center for Plant Conservation (CPC) 
has been awarded $35,000 by Philip Morris 
Companies Inc./Kraft General Foods to con- 
tinue assessment of the economic potential 
of American’s threatened and endangered 
plants, working toward the goal of their 
conservation. 

According to the CPC, all U.S. crops 
have been selected and are derived from 
natural progenitors. The wild relatives of 
existing and potential crops represent a 
fundamental resource for the adaptation and 
survival of U.S. agriculture, not only for 
improving today’s crops, but in providing 
for long-term agricultural options. 

“We must seriously consider the eco- 
nomic, environmental and _ societal 


implications of preserving the genetic base 
on which current and potential new crops 
depend,” said Dr. Brien A. Meilleur, presi- 
dent of CPC. 


Anton Johnson (left), of Philip Morris 
U.S.A. presents a check to Brien Meilleur. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


TstanG YiEN-st HONORED—The Garden hosted a dinner in honor 
of Tsiang Yien-si of Taiwan on January 8, 1994. Dr. Tsiang, a 


distinguished scientist, is secretary-genera 


from University of Missouri-St. Louis. Shown at 


Garden are (from left): Garden Trustee William H. T. Bush and 
Mrs. Bush, Dr. Tsiang, and Ding Mou-shih, representative of 
Taiwan’s Coordinating Council for North American Affairs in the 


United States 


1 and senior advisor to 
the Office of the President of the Republic of China. He was 
instrumental in establishing the collaborative botanical or. of 
Taiwan and was visiting St. Louis to receive an honorary de, 


the dinner at we 


curator. 


Henry SHAW ACADEMY News Summer P rograms 


Summer Science Camp 


The Garden’s Henry Shaw Academy Sum- 
mer Science Camp is entering its seventh 
season. This will be the first summer that 
classes are taught at a variety of locations, 
including the Litzsinger Road Ecology Cen- 
ter, Shaw Arboretum, the Missouri Botanical 
Garden, the Current River, the Meramec 
River, and local and regional parks. Trans- 
portation is provided for all courses. 


Ages 4 to 6: 


Pitzman Nature Study Classes 
June 15 through August 10 


Ages 7 to 9: 


“Wildlife Are Watching” July 12-13 
“Earth Bottles” July 14-1 

“The Unseen Garden” July 19-22 

“Rain Forest Connections” July 26-29 
“Nature’s Neighborhoods” August 1-5 
“The World Around Us” August 9-12 
“Creations from the Earth” August 15-19 


Ages 10 to 12: 


“Lewis and Clark” 

June 21-22 and June 23-24 
“Biodiversity and You” July 19-22 
“Our Water World” July 26-29 
“Inspecta Insecta?” August 2-5 
“Prairie Pioneers” August 9-12 


Ages 13 to 14: 
“Aquatic Ecology” August 16-18 
Ages 14 to 17: 


“Gardening Apprenticeships” 
July 1-15 and July 15-29 


Watch for detailed descriptions of the 
programs in the Henry Shaw Academy 
Summer Science Camp Brochure, to be 
mailed in March. For additional informa- 
tion or brochures, call 577-5140. Enroll 
early as programs fill quickly. 


Field Study Programs 


Summer is also the time to apply for HSA’s 
exciting year-long field study courses, 
which start in September. The Stream 
Ecology Program for 13-14 year olds 
focuses on water testing, canoeing, and 
study of Missouri’s watersheds. The 
Explorer Field Study Program for 15-18 
year olds offers high school elective 
biology credit. Students study various 
ecosystems, including Midwestern 
prairies, North Carolina saltmarshes, and 
Caribbean coral reefs. Please call Jeff De 
Pew, HSA Coordinator, at 577-5135 for 
more information. 


Venezuela (seated, right) signs a cooperative 
Garden’s director, Peter H. 
existing cooperation of both institutions on the Flora of the Venezu- 
elan Guayana and forsees broader interactions in the future, 
icularly in the areas of research and community outreach. 
Standing, from left: Olga Martha gogo? assistant to the director; 
W. D. Stevens, director of research; and P. 


GARDEN SIGNS AGREEMENT WITH VENEZUELA—Francisco 
Gudnchez, President of the Fundacion Instituto Botdnico de 


agreement with the 
Raven. This agreement consolidates the 


E. Berry, associate 


Coming in June 


The following class at Shaw Arboretum was 
omitted from the 1994 Adult “Courses and 
Lectures” brochure mailed recently to 
members. Please call the Arboretum at 

(314) 451-3512 for registration information. 


Nighttime Insect Safari 


As vast and fascinating as the great herds 
of Africa are the night flying insects at the 
Arboretum. Join us as we lure these 
mysterious creatures from their haunts 
with blacklights. Marvel with us at their 
diversity and adaptations! Please wear 
dark colored clothing and dress for hiking. 
Jim Hunt, associate professor 

of biology, UMSL; 
Gary Schimmelpfenig, 

Arboretum education staff 
Friday, June 10, 8:30 to 11 p.m. 
Arboretum Visitor Center 
$10 member, $12 non-member 


De 
D’Arcy Celebrates 25 Years 


William G. D’Arcy, Ph.D., was honored for 
25 years at the Garden at a staff meeting in 
January, 1994. D’Arcy, who was profiled in 
the September/October 1992 Bulletin, is an 
expert in the Solanaceae, or potato, family 
He received his doctorate from Washington 
University in 1972. 

BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 19. 


Mrs. Donald Abrams 


Mr. and 


Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. Barken 
Mr. and Mrs. ae caee 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert A 
Mr. and Mrs. Harold F. ack 
Mr. and Mrs. William Roeckel 
Mr. and Mrs. ele Straher 

oogd 


Dr. and Mrs. Milton T. Fujita 
Rose and Larry Baumstark 
Rich and Carol hint 

Miss Hadley 

Miss McKay Sai 

Mr. and Mrs. John O. Felker 
Lynn and Ollie Hickel 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Knight 
Mrs. A. ees Primm III 

Mr. Mrs. Paul Blase 
ca Cadwallader 

Frances and Leo Brownstein 
Millie Wolff 


avid Chopi 
Rita and Bill Rundquist 
r. and Mrs. J. Colombo 


Carol L. Kriegshauser 

Charlie Duncker 

Geraldine eh — Schiller 
Mr. Elmer ock 

Mr. and Mrs. Radlph lrg 
Mr. Charles W. F 

Mr. and Mrs. pe ahah ais 
Mrs. Milton Freund 


Mrs. Bernard T 


rs. Lillian Heifetz 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff 


Mr. and Mrs. John Herrmann 
Mr. and Mrs. Sam Davis 
Dr. and Mrs. August H. 
Homeyer 
Mr. and Mrs. Douglas P. Regan 
cobs 


Dr. and Mrs. Donald Ross 
Joe and Barbara Sander 
Dr. Ben B. Kaplow 
Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 
Connie and Warren Kincaid 
Warren and Connie Kincaid 
Children 
Jane and Lambert Trovillio 
Mr. and Mrs. James Knipshild 
Mrs. Robert H. Kittner 
Mrs. A. Laney Lee 
Mr. and Mrs. William H. 
Armstrong Jr. 
Dr. Sherman LeMaster 
Mr. and Mrs. Al S. Loeb 
Helen Levis 
Mr. and Mrs. Himes Baker 
d Mrs. Arthur Lieber 


Mrs. Mary Presber. 
Mr. and Mrs. Ralph A. Herzmark 
Craig Jones 

Printz 
Renee and Tom ease 
tis) and Tom 

obyn and Victor Frankel 

i Hoeferlin 
John Howze and Chip Marion 
Hanna Roth 
Marta and Doug Wolfe 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Randick 


Mr. Louis Rothschild Je. 


Ms. Lois C. Levin 


Dr. and Mrs. Oscar H. Soule 


20. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


Mr. and Mrs. Richard Stith 

Mr. and Mrs. Adam Aronson 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Stolz 

Mr. and Mrs. William Scott Miller 
ato 


Mrs. Catherine Thomas 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul E. Powell 
Claire and Madeline Townsley 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. Sher 


r. and Mrs. yates P. Sher 

Paul Ullm 

Geraldine and Gideon Schiller 

Mr. Gil Volta 

Mrs. Joseph F. ick 

Jeanne and Michael Wagner 

Claudia a a 

Mrs. Irene L. Warner 

Mr. and fei Rodney oe 
olfso 


Mrs. George A. Mahe 


IN MEMORY OF 


Brig. Gen. James W. a 


Scout Troop #2 

r. To Pe ei 
ae Kies 
Our Lady r Sorrows Athletic Club 

Association 
Mr. and Mrs. Lyle S. Woodcock 
James Henry Arensman 
Edith Mason Arensman 
Mr. Jerry Watson 
Mrs. Ruth Ash 
Bette and Elvin Bourgeois 
- Bae 


Mrs. Edith B. Schiele 
Miss Jennifer Baer 


Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 

Mr. and Mrs. Stephen J. Hall 

Marjorie, George, George Jr., Patrick 
Hensley 

Mr. and Mrs.Henry Hitchcock 


Mrs. W. Sek 
Mrs. William V. Kin 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko 
Ms. Eva T. Lacefield 
Mr. and Mrs. John A. Leschen II 


Mr. and Mrs. Oscar W. Rexford 
Dr. and Mrs. Ernest T. Rouse 

Dr. and Mrs. Ernest T. Rouse III 
Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mr. and Mrs. Henry T. Schlapp 
Mr. and Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh 


Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Tucker 
Mr. and Mrs. John K. Wallace Jr. 
Granddaughter of 

Mr. and Mrs. Preston Bank 
Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph Freedman 


ty Baris 
ata Bank & Trust Co. 
r. David 


si. Singer & Dunn, P.C. 
rs 


hy Belz 
r. and Mrs. —_— Herlihy 
“i Elmer G. K 
Mrs. Jack E. = er 


Jim and Stephanie Berberich 
Joe and Phyllis Berberich 
Mike Berberic 

Mary and Bob Crets 

Jean and Nick ee 


Margie and Jim McCartney 
Joan and Sheldon O’ enna 
Susie and Larry Zeis 


Mr. and Mrs. G. L. English 
Mr. and Mrs. S. Henderson 
r. and Mrs. E. F. Michelsen 
r. and Mrs. D. A. Purfeerst 
A. Spe 


r. and irs: dichac! = gee 
r. and Mrs. S. Tat 
Mr. and Mrs. ie Tate 
Mr. Paul Berwald 
Mrs. Edward F. Schweich 
elses Conner Biddick 
Liz Bidd 


Mr. H. n Boardman 
Aerotronics Inc. 

Chemprene, Inc. 

Friends at Cowards/Coach’s 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Dark 


Dale and napes noe 

Maureen Delan 

Dimco-Gray 

Mr. and Mrs. bey Engelsmann 

Mrs. Riette L 

Mr. and Mrs. iam Goodall 
rs. F. H. Ham 

Mr. and Mrs. ae M Hughes 

Anne L. McCormac 

Mr. Abe Bookman 

Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Wasserman 

Michael D. Borella 

Cardinal Glennon Emergency and 

Transport Services 
Mrs. Elmer Bowman 
Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 


rs. Naumann Brand 
Dr. and Mrs. Douglass T. Domoto 
and Alyson 


Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Hemmer 
Mr. Raymond Burns 

Mr. and Mrs. Clifford E. Lecoutour 
Norma Butler 

Dorislee and Seymour Feinstein 
Mrs. Rose Calodn 

Ms. Tobi Elizabeth Don 


— Helen Kottemann 


Mary K. Lips 

Ms. Nicoletta E. Parato 
Ardis Rohwer 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur E. S. Schmid 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Yates 
Mrs. Alita Z. Canis 
Charles and Barbara Cook 

and Family 
Milton J. Canis 
Mr. Oral Carpenter 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert McAdams 
Mr. John W. Cooper Sr. 
Dr. and Mrs. Robert read 
Mary Patricia Costello 
Mr. and Mrs. ee C. Barksdale 
Miss Hulda Kowe 
Mr. and Mrs. Ta 2 — 
Mr. and Mrs. Don 


Mrs. William ‘hag JE 
Mr. Norman Cri 

Mr. and ei eai3 
Cidney D 

Mr. and ce ‘an E. Reitz 
Mr. Sam’! C. D 

Miss Beatrice te ae 

Richard Deglman 

Mr. and Mrs. John H. Ferring III 
Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 
Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 

Ruth H. Skinner 


Mr. Edgar W. Denison 
Mr. and Mrs. William Nei sees 
Carl and Dolly Darig 


International Tours, Inc. 
ndrea odle 


Mr. and Mrs. Martin Knorr 
Mr. and Mrs. i Krueger 
Mrs. on Lars 

Mary M 

Mr. ive sive Doug Miller 


as Pitliangas 

and Mrs. Pavia Rimmey 
“aul Rom 
Mr. and ie: —— Stacey 
Mr. and Mrs. John C. Studt 
System One National Sales 
Troy A-III Bus Drivers 
Mrs. Elizabeth Dierker 


Ruth and aiid Kocot 

Beverly Meyer: 

Waltraud fk 

Kathy Wilso 

Margaret at Genevieve 
Dinee 


n 
Bill and Edie Ferrell 
Mr. William Dixo 

Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Dougherty 


Mrs. Eugenia Fish 
Mrs. Florence Douglas 
Mr. and Mrs. William Abram 


Mr. and Mrs. Henry M. Altepeter Jr. 


Mrs. David J. Newbern 

Mrs. Arthur Duemler 

Mr. and Mrs. John T. Berger Jr. 
Mrs. Mildred P. Duncker 
Mrs. Franklin F. Seyfarth 

Miss Berkeley C. Sloan 

Mrs. Janet B. Vierheller 

Elvis R. Dye 

Anonymous 

Mr. and Mrs. Orman Fisher 


salen (oma T. Eddins 


Mr. Carl M 
Frank and Sa mane ul 
Mr. and Mrs. Jim Briesacher 


Ms. Marion Briesacher 

Mr. and Mrs. James pce ai 
Mr. and Mrs. James Gannaway Sr. 
Gerald and Maureen eau: 


Justine and Gus Licari 

Ms. Nancy Manche 

Ms. Martha T. ise 

Mrs. Mary V. R 

Mr. Louis G. schaacidea Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Donald E. Svoboda 


Mr. and Mrs. Louis M. Ettman 
Mr. Abram Farber 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 


Mr. ac Mrs. Tom §. Eakin Jr. 


Bl J High ant Math Dept. 


Mrs. Cornelia F. Flow 
Mr. Arthur Pozarich 
Mr. Irwin Fox 


Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph Freedman 
Lee and Benny Sa 

Mr. and Mrs, Jack E. Thomas Jr. 
Dr. Al H. Gent 

Prof. Ghillean T. Prance 


Foster N. Gideon 
Mallinckrodt Specialty Chemicals 


Mrs. Vada G. Givens 

Miss Ruth L. Boyd 

Mrs. John Goessling 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard C. Holton 
Mr. and Mrs. Brent F. Stansen 


M 
Geraldine and Gideon Schiller 

rs. Jane Greenfield Graham 
Mr. and Mrs. William R 


Les and Wendy Borowsky 
Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Brunstrom 


Mrs. Chubb 

John Clifford and Martha Baker 
Colonial Carpet Company 

Mr. and Mrs. Joel Cooley 


Mr. and Mrs. Alexander M. 


Mr. and Mrs. John M. Drescher Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert G. Early I] 


Mrs. John K. Lilly 

Mr. and Mrs. Oliver H. Lowry 
Maryland Medical Group 
Mrs. James S. McDonnell 


Mr. and Mrs. James S. a ul 
Dr. Charles Edward McQue 
2 and Daryl McQui 


and Mrs. Stewart K Nakano 
me Mrs. Robert E. Neas 
Mr. and Mrs. William ere 
Rita and Bill Rundqui 
Mr. and Mrs. wane i“ Shapleigh 
Mr. and Mrs. James A. Singer 
Mr. and Mrs. George W. Smith III 
M. A. Kelsey Smith 
Mrs. Donald Strominger 


ine, William D. Wolfe, Jr. 
Dr. and Mrs. Thomas A. eee 
ykes 


Mr. and Mrs. William Guy Heckman 
The Garden Club of St. Louis 
eser 


nd Mrs. Warren M. oe 
Mr. Louis V. Gutm 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert c. me 

Mr. and Mrs. Allyn F. Glaub 
Diane and Jerry Greenblatt 


d Mrs. James G. Alfring 
Mr. ne Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom 
Mrs. Robert Cochran Sr 
Mr. and Mrs. W. G. Heckman 
Mr. and Mrs. Roger E. Lord Jr. 
Betsy and Fristoe Mullins 
Dr. and Mrs. Henry G. Schwartz 
Ruth H. Skinner 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank A. Thompson Jr. 
Dr. Lister Handler 
Kuehling Family 

h 


Mrs. John L. Donnell 
Mr. David Lee Harris 


Mr. and Mrs. Louis E. Sauer 


continued on next page 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 21. 


Rae ..... Kalert 


continued 


Eleanor B. Hastings 

Mr. and Mrs. Anthony J. Chivetta 

Mr. Bob Garcia and Family 

Mr. Donald D. Haynes 

Laura, oo Waddick and 
Steve F 

Mother of Dr. Patrick Henry 

Dr. and Mrs. James R. Wiant 

Mrs. Elsie Hertel 

Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Tate 

Mrs. George Hibbard 


Carol and Leon Bodenheimer 
Mary B. Drey 

Mrs. Harold W. Dubinsky 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Prager 

Mr. and Mrs. Louis R. Putzel 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Ruprecht 
Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 


Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 


Mrs. Eleanor Chaudron Hoops 


Marie and Frances Bergmann 
Alice Hausner 


Mr. and Mrs. Victor E. Sparling 

The Growth Hormone Products 

Group, Marketing Dept., 
nentech, In 


Mrs. Bettie B. Steffan 
ice Kahle 


Mr. and Mrs. Henry M. Altepeter Jr. 


Dr. Richard D. Yoder 

Mrs. Marie Kaplan 

Judith and Adam Aronson 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Ruprecht 

Shirley Kardesch 

Dr. and Mrs. F. Scott Christopher 
ally 


Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 
Mr. John Joseph Kilker 
Mrs. John J. Kilker 
Mr. King 
Ms. Lynn K. Silence 
Wilbert G. Klepper 
Mrs. Donald W. Altholz 
Mr. and Mrs. Herman C. 


rie Clov 
cole School of Webster Groves 
Mr rmen R. Co 
Mr. — Mrs. Clifford one 
Roberta Dittman 
Mrs. Geraldine F. Duncan 
Becky a Gable 
Mrs. Laura E. Gephardt 
Mr. ae Mrs. Glenn J. Geyer 
Cheryl Giacobbe 
Sallie and a Hancox 

en 


Charles and Linda Hansen 

Mrs. Norma M. Hausmann 

Lorraine G. Hessle 

Hoemann esa Agency 

Mrs. Annette M. Horn 

Lorraine Sa 

Ralph and Helen Jon 

Emmett, Helen, ae Klepper 

Marie E. Klepper 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Klepper 
ppe 


Mrs. Wilbert G. Kle 
Mrs. Marcella Koh 
Linda Metcalf 

Aki 


Garlich Families 
Dr. and Mrs. Charles D. Gerfen 


Mr. and Mrs. Bruce S. Higginbotham 


22. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


Holiday Inn, Southwes 
Manager and Front ahs Staff 
Mrs. Jack A. Jacobs 
Dr. and Mrs. Ira J. Kodner 
Mrs. Adeline Kreutz 


Mr. and Mrs. William R. 
Orthwein, Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Leonard J. Palozola 


Mr. and Mrs. H. Kurt Simon and 
Family 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Trulaske Sr. 
Mrs. Alice LaBarr 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Hugh Rogers 
Mrs. Christine Toole 
r. Larry Laff 
Alice and Danny Talonn 
William A. Lahrmann, Jr. 
Ms. Joan Corwin 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald E. Svoboda 
Mrs. Jean Schock eta 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith 
Ann Levin 
tig Sey 
n Alan Lewin 
ne a Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Ruprecht 
Mrs. Ruth Loesch 
Mrs. Elaine W. Ernst 
Mr. Isaac A. Lon 
Mrs. Robert Cochran Sr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Frank A. ers 


Mrs. John K. Wallac 
Cecil E. abn 
James H. MacDonald and Family 


Mrs. Mildred Massey 

Mr. and Mrs. John D. Eirten 

Mr. Lyell McEldoon 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert H. Duemler 
illiam Kinst 


Mr. and Mrs. Leonard G. ae 

Mrs. Virginia H. M 

Mr. and Mrs. as A. Sis 

Arthur C. Meyers Jr. 

Andrew Kocot fou: 

Mrs. Dodie Miller 

Madeline and Walt Bendorf 
Morriss 


Mr. and Mrs. Richard Kautzman 


Mr. Louis Myers 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
kamura 


Dr. and Mrs. Robert E. Bedell 


Mrs. John M. Olin 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom 
Mr. and Mrs. William Guy Heckman 
Mrs. James Lee Johnson 
Mrs. en Orenstein 
Ms. Tobi E 
Mrs. ‘itsabell Pantaleoni 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald Danforth Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Fielding Lewis Holmes 
Mr. and Mrs. Oliver H. L 
Mr. and Mrs. Lansden 
aa ye: 
Mr. and Mrs. Lee C. McKinley 
Mr. Archer O'Reilly Jr 


Dr. and Mrs. se “ Rave 
Mr. and Mrs. John D. Schaperkaia 
Mr. and Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly 

Mr. and Mrs. H. Parker Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert B. Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. William Stamper 


of 
Mrs. Catherine Conwell 
r.a rs e Mills 
Richard 


Pa 
Mr. and Mrs. sie ss 
Charline W. Pears 
Mr. and Mrs. aap - Gilbert 
Mr. Roy Pecha 
Mr. and Mrs. Ronald C. sata 
illi 


Mr. and Mrs. Patrick M. Donelan 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald L. James 
Mr. and Mrs. John E. Jennings 


Donald and Mary Ann Stohr 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald Welby 
Mr. Edward O. Roehr 

Scott and Kim Barnes 

John and Janis Boehm 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Ganey 
Mrs. Jessie J. Hart 


Mrs. Ralph E. Myers 
Mr. and Mrs. Ronald W. Payne 
Steven and Anne Rabenber 


Mr. and Mrs. William V. Rabenberg 


Rex and Joan Sims 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Tragesser 
h Sabol 


Mr. and Mrs. James J. Jennwein 
Dr. Philip Shahan 

Mrs. John L. Donnell 

Mr. Arthur B. Shepley Jr. 


Ace Ambulance Service, Inc. 


Mr. and Mrs. en he seal 


Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. B; 

Miss Mary Elizabeth eeu 

Mr. and Mrs. John Brodhead Jr. 
Bryan Cave 

Mr. John Michael Cle 


Mr. and Mrs. Donald Dankedl Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. William L. Desloge 
Anita C. Esslin 

Mr. and Mrs. Eugene C. Felt 
Hager Family 


Mr. and Mrs. William Guy Heckman 


win S. Taylor 
Janet Medtee Weakley 
Mr. and Mrs. Rolla Wetzel 


Ms. Eugenia Sherman 
Mr. and Mrs. Fred Reichman 


Mr. and Mrs. heme Reck Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. H. Evan Roberts 
Mrs. Hesben M. Wilson Jr. 
Lyle Smith 

Mrs. George S. Metcalfe 


Mrs. Kelly Bermel 
Dr. Samuel Soule 


Mr. C. C. Johnson Spink 
Mrs. C. c. Sapien Spink 
tahl 


tein 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Stan Stoy 
Sharon S. Plate 
Polly Bell Swartzbaugh 
August and Melba Thomsen 
Mother of Mr. Art T 
Dorislee and Seymour Feinstein 
Rosa Tevis 
Rosa May and John W. cae 
Mrs. Carol A. Upo 
Dr. and ear Carl og 
Mrs. Ura 
Mr. and a Martin R. Smith 
Mrs. Jane Von Kaenel 
Mrs. John L. Donnell 
Mrs. George Watson Skinner 

Marie Wachter 
Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 
Dr. Henry W. Walt 
Dr. Ferdinand B. Zienty 
Mrs. Geraldine Waters 
Mrs. Thomas T. Hoopes 
Odelle Watson 
Missouri School for the Blind 
Mrs. Virginia Weber 

rden Appreciation Club 

Jeanne and Bill Kerwin 


Mother of Nancy Weith 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry Shaw 


rson 


Father of Peggy Whalen 


Mr, and Mrs. Donald R. Hemmer 


Christine Vincent 
Mrs. R. W. Chubb 
Laurelle Cigler 


Mr. and Mrs. John Dokos 

rs. Raymond A. Dubuque Jr. 
Mr, and Mrs. Robert J. Gaddy 
Mr. Martin E. Gardner Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Lewis C. Green 
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh A. Hamilton 
Mr. and Mrs. D. Kent Hatch 
Mrs. John C. Heisler 
Mr. Oliver F 
Mrs. cuchering Hoblitzelle 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack Hunstein 
Anne B. Jones 
Mr. and Mrs. Ralph W., Kienker 
Mrs. Paula Kipnis 
Mrs. Frank G. Kirtz 


Mr. and Mrs. Newell S. Knight Jr. 


Dr. and Mrs. William S. Knowles 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Kopman 
Jr 


Mr. and Mrs. J. Marshall Magner 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Lewis Masten 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert McCarthy 
Carol L. McK 


Missouri Baia nga Guides 


Jim and Emily M 
Mr. and Mrs. Aces Neng 
Mrs. Samuel Murray 


Repertory Theatre, Backers 
Volunteer Board 

Anita Rogers 

John and Dorothy Rosebrough 

Mr. and Mrs. H. Lee Schnure Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. David E. Schoeffel 

Doris Schulte 

Dr. and Mrs. eee S. Skinner 

Mrs. Anna T 

Mercer and Sa ee 

Dr. and Mrs. A. C. Trueblood Jr. 

Mrs. J. Russell Wilson 

Dr. and Mrs. Seth Wissner 


oung 
Mr. Frank A. Windler Jr. 
Mr. oe Mrs. Jack W. Minton, 


Ms. ae ne Winegrad 
Dr. ide Riddle 
Irene Wisdom 


Ms. Janice Plowman 
Dr. Gordon R. Wood 
Dr. Janet D. Collins 
Dr. Lloyd R. Collins 


a] 
BOARD OF TRUSTEES 


Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. 


Mr. M. Peter Fischer 
Sam Fox 


Mr. Samuel B. Hayes 
The Hon. Carol E. Jackson 
Mr. David W. Kemper 
Mr. Charles F. Knight 
Mr. Charles E. Kopman 
Mrs. Fred S. Kummer 

Ms. Caro y 
Mr. Richard J. Mahoney 
Mr. John W. McClure 
Mr. James S$. McDonnell III 
Mr. Lucius B. Morse III 
The Rev. Earl E. Nance, Jr. 


estfa 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman III 


Emeritus TRUSTEES 
Mr. Howard F. Bae’ 
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale 
Mr. Joseph H. Bascom 

Dr. John H. Bi, 
Mr. Jules D. Campbell 
Mr. Robert R. Hermann 
Mr. Henry Hitchcock 


Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 
Honorary TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 

Ro 


Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


Mem > BoarD 
Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy, President 


Mrs. Stephen F. Bowen, Jr. 
Mr. Herb S. Jones 
Mr. Michael W. Cole 
Mrs. Martin E. Jaffe 
Mrs. Robert Trulaske 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 eo. 


This Issue 


Inside @ tom Ee | 
3. 


ac spring 


a Cn 7 flower show 


A conversation with Ted Christner and 
Lou Saur, architects. 


4 March 12 -- April 10, 1994 
: ms a Ld iT. 
DEMONSTRATION GARDENS . 9 — to5 P 
i. ___ Orthwein Floral Hall 
The 23 outdoor residential gardens at ; : 
the Kemper Center are scheduled for ih Members’ Preview: 
groundbreaking this year. . : be : Friday, March 11 
YOU AND THE ENVIRONMENT 
Sound horticultural practices at the 
Garden are a matter of common sense. 
TRUSTEES’ ANNUAL MEETING A New England fishing village is the setting for this year’s 


celebration of the arrival of springtime. Sand dunes, wooded 
beachfront, sailboats and dockside buildings complete this 
colorful display of coastal plants including dogwoods, azaleas, 
ornamental grasses, freesias, irises, tulips, grape hyacinths, 

1 Q e columbines, astilbes, primulas, nasturtiums, and more. 
HOME GARDENING 


Tom K. Smith and Sydney Shoenberg 
are honored for years of service. 


Small fruits make attractive and 
delectable additions to the landscape. 


W2. 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS 


and remember— 


KINGSHIGHWAY !I1S OPEN! 


The annual Spring Flower Show, 
Gardening by Design, and lots more. 


1 4 Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
: Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 
NEWS OF THE MEMBERS St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 PAID 
The Members’ Board elects new officers. AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


RESEARCH DIVISION NEWS 


The Bryology Department is renowned 
for its studies of mosses. 


20. 
TRIBUTES 
Family and friends are honored. 


Missouri 
Botanical 
arden 


MAY / JUNE 
1994 


— 
Foy 
a ¢.. 


4 ! 
ao seit i 
= vas a 
a 
Lod 


I WOULD LIKE TO TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY to inform Garden members of our recent 
decision to close the Desert House to visitors. As of May 16, 1994, the greenhouse will 
be closed and will remain closed until funding can be found to build a new facility. The 
plant collection will be evaluated carefully and valuable and irreplaceable plants will be 
maintained in Garden greenhouses where possible. Working with the Henry Shaw 
Cactus Society, appropriate locations will be sought for any other valuable portions of 
the collection that cannot be handled at the Garden. 

This decision is the result of careful assessment of our options in the face of tight 
resources, which are extremely limited following the loss of Proposition E last Novem- 

er. The Desert House was opened in 1914 and is the last remaining component of a 
complex that earlier succumbed to old age. The last major renovation to the House was 
in the late 1960s, when the glass roof was replaced with plastic. Since then routine 
maintenance has included painting, work on the east facade and the mechanical systems, 
and replacement of columns on the north entrance. 

Overall the House is in poor condition. The windows and 
associated wood framework are rotting and in need of complete 
replacement. The steel structure is severely rusted and several 
mounting plates are cracked. The plastic roof is deteriorating, 
causing severely reduced light levels for the plants, and although 
the building is not unsafe, it would require major renovation to 
remain open as a display greenhouse. The plants on exhibit are 
slowly declining due to the poor light and soil conditions. 

At the present time we lack funds to renovate the existing 
structure or build a new one. Even closing the facility and 
making minimal renovations, which would allow us to maintain 
the valuable plants specimens, would involve considerable costs. 

It is disappointing to all of us to have to deprive visitors of the 
opportunity to see desert plants at the Garden. However, we feel 
that this option is preferable to presenting an inadequate display 
or using our constricted resources on temporary measures. We 
ask for your patience and support until we can locate the funding 
to complete the Climatron complex by building a new Desert 
House facility. We hope you will take advantage of the first two 
weeks in May to pay a farewell visit to the House. 

Meanwhile, this issue of the Bulletin is filled with exciting news and upcoming 
events. We look forward to welcoming you to the Garden this spring for Rose Evening, 
Purple Martin Evening, Members’ Musical Evening, and extended summer hours that 
begin Memorial Day weekend. 


Desert House Will 
Close May 16 


— Peter H. Raven, Director 


Rose Gardens Win AARS Award 


THe LEHMANN AND GLADNEY RosE GARDENS at the 
Missouri Botanical Garden have received the All- 
America Rose Selections 1993 Award for Outstanding 
Maintenance. The honor is given annually to gar- 
dens that surpass AARS’s high standards for rose 
care and presentation. “Public gardens featuring 
AARS varieties are a valuable asset to the organiza- 
tion,” said Larry Burks, president of AARS. “The 
cs Missouri Botanical Garden has met our standards of 
es <= excellence and in turn preserved AARS’s reputation 
3 : " for providing high quality roses.” 
AARS public gardens contain a minimum of 800 rose bushes and offer special displays of outstand- 
ing new varieties chosen by AARS for their beauty, novelty, and vigor. Beginning each June, the 
gardens offer an exclusive preview of the coming year’s outstanding new varieties. There are 139 
AARS public gardens located throughout the United States. AARS is a non-profit organization 
dedicated to rose research and promotion. AARS members represent more than 90 percent of the 
nation’s total rose production. 

“This is the second straight year and the third year out of the last four that this honor has been 
awarded to our rose gardens,” said Barry Dillon, the Garden’s rosarian. 
honored by the recognition.” 

2. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 


“We are very pleased and 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you 
move. Please enclose the mail- 
ing label on the back cover of 
this Bulletin and mail to: 


Name: 
Old Address: 


She 2d ee 
City. 
Sintec = = 74 


New Address: 


Date effective: 


Street ree Pn 


City. 


Zip 


f 


State 


On the Cover 
Cho-On-Baku waterfall in the 
Japanese Garden. 


Photo by King Schoenfeld 


Editor 
Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
P. O. Box 299 

St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron® is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Missouri Botanical Garden is an Equal 
Opportunity / Affirmative Action employer. 
© 1994 Missouri Botanical Garden 
The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is 
ublished bi-monthly by the Missouri 
Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower Grove 
Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Sec- 
ond class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 

he BULLETIN is sent to every 
member of the Garden as a benefit of 


3 


fees; and the opportunity for travel, 
domestic and abroad, with other mem- 
bers. For information, please call 
(314) 577-5118. 

Postmaster: Please send address 
changes to: Bulletin, Missouri Botani- 
cal Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, 
MO 63166-0299. 


MAGNIFICENT GIFT BY Mr. E. DesMonD Lee and 

his family has established a new science educa- 

tion partnership among the Missouri Botanical 
Garden, the St. Louis Science Center and the Saint 
Louis Zoo. The program will support the work of each 
institution to expand science education opportunities 
for underserved school children in St. Louis. 

The three-way gift was announced at a media recep- 
tion held at the Living World at the Saint Louis Zoo on 
Wednesday afternoon, April 13, 1994. A reception for 
donors and friends was held that evening at the Gar- 

en. The media and donor receptions were hosted by 
the directors of the institutions: Dr. Peter H. Raven, Dr. 
Dennis M. Wint of the Science Center, and Charles H. 
Hoessle of the Zoo. 

The Science Center and the Zoo joined the Garden 
in recognizing the Lee family for its commitment to the 
St. Louis community. The family’s goal of promoting 
educational opportunities for youth recognizes that 
teachers, provided with appropriate training and sup- 
port, represent the best conduit for stimulating youth 
to be enthusiastic and productive learners and contrib- 
uting members of society. 

Desmond Lee said, “Helping your three outstanding 
scientific organizations to reach out to inner-city chil- 
dren is one of the greatest joys I will ever expect to 
receive. The essence of my dream is to challenge the 
children through their teachers to open up a new world 
of scientific thinking. You are the strongest and most 
recognized organizations in our community to address 
this needed program.” 

Mr. Lee recently retired as chief executive officer of 
Lee-Rowan Company, a St. Louis firm. He is a long- 
time member of the Garden and serves on the boards of 
St. Luke’s Hospital, the YMCA, and Columbia College. 
He supports educational programs at the Herbert Hoover 
Boys’ Club and recently made a significant gift to sup- 
port the merger of the St. Louis Symphony Society and 
the St. Louis Conservatory and Schools for the Arts 
(CASA), which have united as the St. Louis Symphony 
Community Music School. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven said, “We are enormously grate- 
ful to Desmond Lee and his family for their support of 
our education program. Although we did not receive 
additional tax support last year through Proposition E, 
which called for expanded teacher training and com- 
munity outreach, the Lee family has g 
in to help make these dreams come true. We applaud 
their vision and extend our warmest thanks for their 
faith in our work.” 

The E. Desmond Lee and Family Education Pro- 
gram at the Missouri Botanical Garden plans to make a 
serious and significant impact on the teaching of el- 
ementary science in inner-city schools in St. Louis. 
The Garden will work closely with the education com- 
munity, the science community, and other agencies 
and organizations to design and implement programs 
that will result in systemic and long-term changes in 
the ways that science is taught and in the understand- 
ing of science by children. Similar coordinated programs 
will be established at the Zoo and Science Center. 


| 
y SLOP PeU 


To achieve its goals, the Garden has designed a two- 
stage program. Stage One is a five year effort to initiate 
the outreach program. This start-up time will allow the 
Garden to develop, test, and implement a program of 
the highest quality. Stage Two will continue the pro- 
gram well into the future. 

Two new full-time staff, a Science Outreach Coordi- 
nator and a Lee Family Science Outreach Instructor, 
will be hired to implement the program. The Science 
Outreach Coordinator will take the lead in working to 


MISSOURI BOTANICAL 


JUN 0 2 1994 


GARDEN LIBRARY 


LE. Desmond Lee & Family 


Education Program 


Above: Family members at the Garden reception on April 13 (from left): Susan 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Lee, Jo Ann Kindle, Gary Lee, Mary Ann Lee, E. Desmond Lee, Christie Lee 


Duggan, Andrew and Barbara Taylor. 


LIFF WILLI 


reform elementary science education in inner-city St. 
Louis. The coordinator will plan and implement pro- 
grams that will achieve systemic reform in schools; 
coordinate the Garden’s work with other science muse- 
ums, the St. Louis Academy of Science, school districts, 
and other appropriate community agencies; and raise 
funds to expand the outreach programs. 

The Lee Family Science Outreach Instructor will 
work closely with the coordinator to present programs 
and lessons in the classroom. The outreach instructor 
will help recruit participants, serve as an educational 
resource to schools, and generally support the entire 


outreach effort. 
BULLETIN 


Left to right: Samuel 


Board of Commis- 
sioners, St. Louis 
Science Center: 


Missouri Botanical 
Garden; Mr. and 


Botanical Garden; 
Dennis M. Wint, 
president, St. Louis 
Science Center. 


MAY/JUNE 1994 3, 


NE of the most 

exciting features 

planned for the area 

adjacent to the new 
Demonstration Gardens is the 
Chinese Garden. Construction 
will begin this summer on the 
new area, which will highlight 
the sister city relationship 
between St. Louis and Nanjing, 
China. It is being designed by 
Yong Pan and Associates of 
Atlanta, Georgia, in association 
with Environmental Planning 
and Design of Pittsburgh. 
Yong Pan is a distinguished 
architect who received his 
training in the People’s 
Republic of China. 

The new garden will be an 
exquisite example of the classic 
Nanjing style. Visitors will 
enter the garden through a 
circular moon gate, an emblem 
of perfection that symbolizes 
heaven and frames the view of 
the garden beyond. The central 
feature of the landscape is a 
traditional pavilion, a gift to 
the Garden from the people of 
Nanjing. The pavilion, con- 
structed with intricate artistry 
in elegant black, white and 
gray, has writings of poets 
inscribed on its columns, with 
English translations. 

The pavilion and terrace 
overlook a central pool framed 
with a carved marble bridge, 
also a gift to the Garden from 
Nanjing. A narrow stream 
cascades over several small 
waterfalls to feed the pool, 
where three ornamental stones 
will be strategically placed to 
symbolize three mountains of 
the world and enhance 
reflections in the water. Rocks 
from both China and Missouri 
will be placed throughout the 
garden, where they are 
traditionally used as natural 
Statuary, often representing 
animals or humans. Decora- 
tive pavements in many shades 
of natural stone displa 
patterns of flowers, geometric 
shapes, or animals. Benches 
placed throughout the land- 
scape are key focal features, 
highlighting traditional 
4. BULLETIN MAY /JUNE 1994 


plantings of rich textural 
interest. Visitors will exit from 
the Chinese Garden beneath a 
grape arbor where, according 
to folklore, each July 7th they 
will hear a young couple speak 
to them from heaven. 

The Chinese Garden is an 
important symbol of the 
cooperation between the 
Missouri Botanical Garden, the 
city of St. Louis, and the 
People’s Republic of China. 
Earlier this year, G. Shannon 
Smith, director of horticulture 
at the Garden, spent two weeks 
visiting locations in China to 
study traditional Chinese 
gardens. Dr. Smith worked 
with Chinese horticulturists 
who will assist in obtaining 
seeds of species traditionally 


used in their gardens, many of 
which are difficult to obtain 
here. Some Chinese wildflow- 
ers are being propagated 
from seed collected by 

Dr. Smith on his trip. 

“The origins of some of the 
plants planned for the Chinese 
Garden are quite interesting,” 
Dr. Smith explained. “For 
instance, several years ago Dr. 
Raven received some seeds 
from a pine native to northern 
China, which were distributed 
to several North American 
nurseries for propagation. We 
are acquiring some of these 
young trees for our Chinese 
Garden.” 


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The Garden is working 
closely with colleagues in 
Nanjing to obtain artifacts for 
the Chinese Garden. Paul 
Brockmann, director of general 
services, recently spent several 
days in the Nanjing area 
arranging for construction and 
shipment of the pavilion and 
marble bridge, and acquiring 
benches, stonework, and other 
features. The Chinese artisans 
who are creating the pavilion 
will accompany it to St. Louis 
later this summer to assist in 
the installation. 

As a further symbol of 
friendship and in return for the 
gift of the pavilion and the 
bridge, the Garden is making a 
gift of a children’s playground 
to the city of Nanjing. Paul 


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Brockmann met with Chinese 
officials to help plan the 
playground, which will include 
equipment for children of all 
ges. 
“The Chinese Garden will 
give Americans an exciting and 
unusual opportunity to 
glimpse the beauty of Chinese 
culture,” said Dr. Peter H. 
Raven, director. “This is a very 
exciting development for us 
and for St. Louis, and we are 
eagerly seeking a donor to 
make the naming gift for this 
beautiful garden.” 


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Tuere IS PROBABLY NOTHING MORE ENCHANTING ina 
garden than the sight of butterflies flitting from flower 
to flower, providing color and movement in the 
landscape. In support of the Partnership Campaign, 
Jane Jacobs has chosen to give the Butterfly Meadow, 
one of the new demonstration gardens at the Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. Mrs. Jacobs selected the 
Butterfly Meadow because of its charm and its display 
of the interrelationships of plants and animals. It is 
intended as a fitting tribute to the memory of her 
grandson, Christopher Biraben. “Christopher loved 
all living things. He would never allow anything to be 

armed. I remember once he had a wasp nest near his 
bedroom window; he would not let anyone remove it 
because of his respect and affection for nature,” Mrs. 
Jacobs explained. 

Jane Jacobs has been a devoted supporter of the 
Garden for many years. She has contributed gener- 
ously throughout the years to the operations of the 
Garden and to its capital features. The Samuels Bulb 
Garden was donated by Mrs. Jacobs in memory of her 
mother and father, Mr. and Mrs. Julian G. Samuels. 

The Butterfly Meadow is to be situated at the 
highest point of the Kemper Center for Home 


Woodland Garden Improvements 


TIM PARKER 


AS PART OF THE PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN, the English 
Woodland Garden is being expanded to the north of 
the path. It will feature a pool with an extension of the 
existing stream that empties into the Japanese Garden 
to the west and paved paths for better wheelchair 
access similar to the new paths in the southern section. 
Above left, workmen dig the new streambed in 
preparation for lining it with landscaping stones. On 
the south end of the Woodland Garden a new bog area 
is being constructed and planted this spring. It will 
feature species that thrive in wet conditions. Above 
right, a workman installs a new underground irrigation 
system in the woodland garden; the excavation for the 
bog pond is shown in the background. 


Gardening. It will feature an area encircled byagrass New 
path and a brick edged border planted with shrubs Demonstration 
and perennials that attract butterflies. At the center of 

Gardens 


the meadow, a pool of water is carved out of a 
limestone boulder. As with all the demonstration 
gardens, it will show visitors how these effects can be 
replicated in their own home gardens. 

“The Butterfly Meadow will be a delightful feature 
of the demonstration gardens,” said Dr. Peter H. 
Raven. “We are thrilled by this wonderful gift from 
Mrs. Jacobs.” 


The 
Butterfly 


Meadow 


Shown meeting at 
the Garden this 
spring are (from 
left): Ernestina 
Short, planned 
giving officer; Jane 
Jacobs; Peter Raven 


oo 
= 
IM PARKER 


Engelmann 
Descendant 
Visits 


Dr. George Engel- 
mann was a St. Louis 
physician and a dis- 
tinguished botanist 
who became Hen 
Shaw’s scientific advisor. This past April Mr. Forrester Smith, the 
great-great-grandson of Dr. Engelmann, visited the Garden. He is 
shown in the picture above touring the herbarium with Dr. Marshall 
R. Crosby (right), the Garden’s senior botanist. Dr. Crosby is an 
expert on Engelmann’s career and scientific achievements. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 5. 


In MEMORIAM 


Joseph H. Bascom 


MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN ARCHIVES 


THE GarbeN staff and friends 
were saddened by the death of 
Trustee Emeritus Joseph 
Holliday Bascom on March 30, 
1994. Mr. Bascom, who was 78, 
retired in 1980 as chief execu- 
tive officer of Broderick and 
Bascom Wire Rope Company, a 
firm founded by his grandfather 
in 1876. He started with the 
company in 1940 as a mechani- 
cal engineer and served as its 
president for 13 years. 

Mr. Bascom joined the 
Garden’s Board in 1971. He 
served as second vice president 
in 1972 and as president of the 
board from 1973 to 1975. Dur- 
ing this period the Garden began 
to implement its far reaching 
1972 Master Plan, which in- 
cluded developing plans for the 
English Woodland Garden and 


Bascom served as chairman of 
the Finance and Retirement 
Committees and worked on the 
Arboretum Committee. In 1989 
he became an Emeritus Trustee 
and in 1990 he was awarded the 
Henry Shaw Medal. 

In addition to his work with 
the Garden, Mr. Bascom was a 
former director of Centerre 
Trust Company, General Steel 
Industries, Missouri Pacific Cor- 
poration, and the Missouri 
Historical Society. 

In an interview in the Bulle- 
tin published in 1987, Mr. 
sins said, “We went from a 

truggling operation where we 
ae hardly afford to sweep the 
leaves off of the sidewalk to a 
new leadership which has made 
the Garden a respected institu- 
tion worldwide. The support of 
6. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 


Garden Trustees Are Honored 


On Fepruary 23, 1994, six 
Trustees were recognized for 
their years of outstanding ser- 
vice to the Garden. 

Robert Brookings Smith has 
served on the Board of Trustees 
for 42 years. He was president 
of the Board from 1958 to 1962 
during the building of the 
Climatron and was largely re- 
sponsible for the restoration of 
Tower Grove House. He an 
his family have long supported 
the Garden’s research program, 
and recently their generosity 
made possible the Brookings In- 
terpretive Center. Mr. Smith has 


gift of his family and friends in 
memory of his father. Mr. 
Shapleigh became an Emeritus 
Trustee in 1985. 

Clarence C. Barksdale has 
been a Trustee since 1964 and 
an Emeritus Trustee since 1988. 
Mr. Barksdale has always been a 
leader in St. Louis civic affairs 
and has provided invaluable 
leadership in soliciting the chief 
executive officers of major cor- 
porations and members of Civic 
Progress for the Garden’s 1977, 
1987, and current capital cam- 
paigns. He serves on the Finance 
Committee. 


TIM PARKER 


From left: Warren Shapleigh, Daniel Schlafly, Raber Bookings 
Smith, Clarence Barksdale, John Wallace, Hal Wuertenbaecher. 


been an Emeritus Trustee since 
1981 and is a two-time recipi- 
ent of the Henry Shaw Medal. 
Warren M. Shapleigh joined 
the Board in 1958. In the past 
36 years he has been instrumen- 
tal in attracting substantial 
financial support for Garden 
projects and has chaired or 
served on the Finance, Execu- 
tive, Nominating, and Sculpture 
Committees. The Shapleigh 
ountain, one of the most popu- 
lar features of the Garden, is a 


our members and the public has 
made it all possible.” 

Director Peter H. Raven said, 
“Joseph Bascom made an ex- 
traordinary contribution of his 
time and energy to the Missouri 
Botanical Garden, for which we 
will always be grateful. It was a 
privilege to benefit from his ex- 
perience for so many years, and 
we will miss him.” @ 


Harry E. Wuertenbaecher 
was recognized for over 30 years 
of service. He began his involve- 
ment at the Garden working 
with the Members’ Board and 
was elected to the Board of 
Trustees in 1963. Elected 
president in 1967, he supervised 
the capital campaign that sup- 
ported the construction of the 
Lehmann Building. He contin- 
ues to be active on the Henry 
Shaw Committee and the Build- 
ings and Grounds Committee. 
In 1990 he received the Henry 
Shaw Medal. 

Daniel L. Schlafly was rec- 
ognized for more than 20 years 
of continuous service to the Gar- 
den, although he first served on 
the Board in 1961 as an ex- 
officio member during his 
presidency of the St. Louis Board 
of Education. He was elected to 
the Garden’s Board in 1972 and 
became an Emeritus Trustee in 
1982. He and his wife Adelaide 


have maintained their 
strong commitment to minor- 
ity education by supporting 
outstanding programs that seek 
to reach an ever-broader con- 
stituency in St. Louis, including 
the nationally recognized ECO- 
ACT Program and the Ernest E. 
Just Scholarship. 

In addition to the above 

awards, the Board of Trustees 
presented a special recognition 
proclamation to Mrs. 
Stern, who became a Trustee in 
1985. Nora Stern’s outstanding 
service as a Garden volunteer 
began in 1963 when she joined 
the Members’ Board. She pro- 
vided leadership for the 
membership program with three 
terms as president, in 1969-72, 
1977-79, and 1983-85; during 
this period Garden membership 
increased from 2,000 to 16,486. 
Nora has also given tirelessly of 
her time, creativity, hard work, 
and energy in chairing benefits, 
gala, and other major events at 
the Garden, including the 1976 
Chrysanthemum Ball with 
Gloria Vanderbilt, the 1984 
125th Anniversary Party, the 
1988-89 Fragrance Festivals, the 
1989 Centennial Benefit, the 
199] Lord & Taylor Benefit, the 
1992-93 “Best of Missouri” Mar- 
kets, and the annual Henry Shaw 
Dinner. 

The Garden has been fortu- 
nate to have the magnificent 
support and outstanding service 
of its Trustees. President of the 
Board John K. Wallace, Jr. ex- 
tended thanks on behalf of the 
Garden to all those honored. 


TIM PARKER 


tt 


John Wallace with Nora Stern 


RICHARD BENKOF 


a a, 
4 Aes cao 
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pp as 


The Brookings Interpretive Center, funded in n part by the 
Charitable Remainder Trust of Mrs. Mahlon Wallace 


Free Seminars 
On Financial Planning 


May 10 and May 16, 1994 


9 a.m. to noon 


The Jenkins Day Lily yet endowed by the Ada a Kling 
Charitable Remainder T 


Did you ever wonder what probate is, exactly? 
How you can eliminate estate taxes 
How to plan for your family’s future? 

There are dozens of commonly asked questions about financial 
planning. People would like to know the answers — but are hesitant 
about having to pay an attorney or an advisor for the information. The 
Garden is offering a wonderful solution: a free financial planning 
seminar for members and friends, with two opportunities to attend. 
Three outstanding professionals will present the program on Tuesday, 
May 10, and again on Monday, May 16, from 9 a.m. to noon. 


RICHARD BENKOF 


Why does the Garden hold financial planning seminars? 

Through the years the Garden has relied and continues to rely on gifts 
from its members and friends. Planning is a tool that benefits all aspects 
of a person’s strategy for the future — the charitable as well as the 
general. Many times careful structuring of one’s plan will direct how and 
when a gift can be made that will have positive effects for the donor as 
well as for the Garden. We would like to provide this information as a 
service to our members and friends. 


Panelists The me in the Shoenberg Temperate Please, a gift i in 


The seminars are presented by noted professionals: scala at tones Plies aided ealeiae 
* Matthew G. Perlow, an estate planning attorney with Peper, Martin, 
Jensen, Maichel and Hetlage, has led previous financial seminars at the The Garden features shown on this page were 
Garden. His specialty is helping people assess their future needs and find iene possible through ies of es special 
solutions for them. sas : : , 

gifting techniques featured in the seminar. 


* Sonja Nelson, CFP, also a veteran speaker at the Garden, is a vice 
president at Commerce Bank, where she is a trust specialist with broad 


experience in financial planning. Reservations 


Admission to the seminars is free. Reservations are 

¢ John G. Gatewood, agency supervisor for the Edward T. Hempstead required to ensure seating and may be made by calling 
General Agency of Northwestern Mutual Life, is participating in his first Tina Short at (314) 577-9532. Members are welcome 
Garden seminar. Mr. Gatewood is a leader in developing innovative uses to attend either or both of the sessions. 

of life insurance as a planning tool. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 7. 


Ti ee He 


ENVIRONMENT 


Missouri BoTANICAL GARDEN 
ENVIRONMENTAL Pouicy STATEMENT 


Accomplishing the Garden’s mission 


quality of the environment. In addition, 
the Garden promotes public understand- 
ing of environmental issues locally, 
nationally, and internationally. 


Particular goals of the Garden’s pro- 
grams are the conservation of 


all resources. The Garden emphasizes 
these goals in its own activities and 
encourages individuals and other 
organizations to do so as well. 


Environmental 
Education 
Programs 


The Missouri Botanical Garden has always 
been dedicated to educating people about 
plants. In recent years the Garden has 
expanded its mission to include providing 
science and environmental education 
throughout the St. Louis community. 
Garden programs seek to change the 
attitudes and ecological practices of chil- 
dren and adults. 

The Education Division at the Garden 
has several goals in its environmental 
programs. Staff members work to improve 
science education in schools; to teach 
ecology and environmental science to chil- 
dren; to train teachers to understand ecology 
better and teach more environmental 
science; to provide instructional materials 
and resources for teaching about ecology 
and the environment; and to involve urban 
children in environmental education. A 
new initiatives currently under develop- 
ment is the E. Desmond Lee and Family 
Education Program (see page 3). 


3. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 


PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN 


* Classes — Instruction in field ecology 
and the outdoors for elementary and 
secondary students; 

¢ Tours — Guided tours of the Arboretum; 
¢ Earthkeepers ~ An intensive four-day 
on- site experience plus yearlong class- 
room work that builds appreciation of the 
natural world and commitment to study- 
ing the environment; 

¢ Pitzman Nature Study — Summer 
classes for preschoolers and their parents 
introduce children to the natural world: 

¢ Henry Shaw Academy - Classes for 
students ages 7 to 13 who have demon- 
strated a strong interest in the natural 
sciences. Courses are interactive experi- 
ences designed to supplement school 
science programs; 

* Stream Ecology Program — A year-long 
field study for 13 to 14 year olds includes 
canoeing, camping, water monitoring, 
aquatic research, and water safety; 

* Henry Shaw Explorers — Year-long 
field study program for students ages 15 to 
18 who may be interested in a career in 
science. Includes field trips to caves, wolf 
sanctuaries, swamps, marine research 
stations, and nature preserves; 

* ECO-Inquiry — Hands-on ecological 
study for fifth grade students in area 
schools; 

* Litzsinger Road Summer Ecology 
Study — A summer science camp for inner 
city pre- teens; 

¢ ECO-ACT - An environmental leader- 
ship program for high school students 
who learn to teach ecology to elementary 
school children; 

¢ Magnet Program — Environmental 
instruction for children enrolled in the 
Mullanphy-Botanical Garden and Stix 
Investigative Learning Centers: 

* School Partnership Program — The 
Garden works with St. Louis Public 
Schools to offer programs in natural 
science that bring together students from 
different cultural backgrounds. 


TEACHER TRAINING 
PROGRAMS 


* Ecology of Aquatic Environments — 
Aquatic ecology and water monitoring for 
middle school teachers: 

* Ecology for Teachers — A two-week 
workshop on environmental science 
emphasizing hands-on activities and 


_ lessons; 


* Natural Science Institute for Elemen- 


tary Teachers — A year-long program 
leading to improvement in classroom 
biology instruction; 

* Schoolyard Ecology Teacher Institute- 
A nation-wide initiative to develop a 
handbook for teaching environmental 
science outdoors with activities that can be 
done on school property; 

* Exploring Ecology through Inquiry — 
Curriculum that focuses on student 
centered investigative learning; 

* Field Methods in Ecological Investiga- 
tions — Field ecology research for 
secondary school science teachers; 

* Litzsinger Road Ecology Center 
Internships - Internships for future 
teachers stress environmental science and 
development of teaching techniques: 

* National Science Foundation Project 
for Science Literacy -- The Garden and 
four other midwestern botanical institu- 
tions are collaborating on a landmark 
project to change the way school classes 
use field trip experiences. 


The Education Division maintains a num- 
ber of resources and materials for teachers 
and students: 

* Stupp Teacher Resource Center — A 
reference library of books, teaching aids, 
and audio-visual materials: 

* Suitcase Science — Kits of supplies, 
Props, teaching aids and suggested 
activities on various topics in science; 

* MBG Videos — Series on plant biology, 
ecological habitats, and environmenta 
issues for classroom use in grades K-3; 

* Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality — 
A curriculum for middle school students, 
includes a suitcase science kit: 

* Stream Ecology Journal — A handbook 
for teachers and students for use in 
learning aquatic ecology and investigating 
water quality. 


PROGRAMS FOR ADULTS 


The Horticulture Division emphasizes envi- 
ronmental education for adults with the 
Master Composter Program, classes in gar- 
dening techniques and nature study, and all 
programs and demonstrations at the Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. High school 
and college students serve internships with 
the Horticulture Division. In all programs, 
issues such as pesticide use, water conser- 
vation, soil conservation, integrated pest 
management, protecting biodiversity and 
natural plant populations, and low-impact 
gardening techniques are presented. x 


Celebrating Native Plants 


INTEREST in our native  wild- 
flowers is at an all time high, 
and this spring the Garden is 
participating in special events 
that celebrate native plants. 
Programs will be held at the 
Garden and at Shaw Arboretum 
in Gray Summit, rain or shine. 
Free with regular admission. 


Celebrating 
Wildflowers 


may 23 - 29, 1994 

Now in its third year, this is a 
national program sponsored by 
the United States Forest Service. 


may 22 - may 29 
Guided Tours 

1 to 2 p.m., daily. The Garden 
Guides lead tours that feature 
Missouri plants and trees on 
the Garden grounds. 

may 22 sunday 
Arboretum Wildflower 
Walks 

Short tours of the Whitmire 
Wildflower Garden, and longer 
hikes through the wildflower 
preserves at Shaw Arboretum. 
9 to 10:30 a.m.; 10:30 to noon; 
1 to 2:30 p.m. Please call (314) 
451-3512 or 451-0850 to 
register. 


may 23 monday 
Wildflowers and Their 
Companions 

10 a.m. June Hutson, MBG 
horticulturist and curator of 
the Shoenberg Temperate 
House, will lead a tour of the 
Rock Garden. Call (314) 577- 
9434 to register. Meet at the 
Rock Garden. 


may 23 monday 

“Prairie Portraits” and 
other exhibits 

10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily through 


June 12, Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. Displays on 
rare and endangered plants by 
the U.S. Forest Service and 
photographs of the experimen- 
tal prairie at Shaw Arboretum 
by MBG staffer William Davit. 


may 24 tuesday 


‘Endangered Species in 


Our National Forests 

2 p.m., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. A lecture by 
Dr. Larry Stritch of the U.S. 
Forest Service. Limited seating. 


may 25 wednesday 
Missouri Native Plant 
Society Meeting 

7:30 p.m., Missouri and 
Botanical Rooms, Ridgway 
Center. William Davit will 
present a slide lecture, “Native 
Plants of the Tall Grass Prairie 
in Missouri.” Limited seating. 


may 26 thursday 
Gardening with 
Wildflowers 

7:30 p.m., Beaumont Room, 
Ridgway Center. Arboretum 
horticulturist Scott Woodbury 
will present a slide lecture on 
gardening with native plants. 
Free seedlings will be given 
away. Limited seating. 


may 27 friday 
Endangered Plants at the 
Garden 

10:30 a.m., grounds and 
greenhouses. MBG horticul- 
tural taxonomist Dr. Alan 
Lievens will lead a tour of rare 
and endangered plants 
cultivated at the Garden for the 
Center for Plant Conservation. 
Call 577-9434 to register. Meet 
at Ridgway Center lobby. 


may 29 sunday 
Arboretum Wildflower 
Walks 

Short tours of the Whitmire 
Wildflower Garden, and longer 
hikes through the wildflower 
preserves at Shaw Arboretum. 
9 to 10:30 a.m.; 10:30 to 12 
noon; I to 2:30 p.m. Call (314) 
451-3512 or 451-0850 to 
register. 


Missouri Native 
Plants Week 


june 5 - 11, 1994 

In honor of the 15th anniver- 
sary of the Missouri Native 
Plant Society, Governor Mel 
Carnahan has proclaimed June 
5-11, 1994, as Missouri Native 
Plant Week. Activities at the 
Garden include: 


june 4 saturday 

From Inspiration to 
Publication 

10 a.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. Local author and 
naturalist Karen Haller will 
discuss her new book, Walking 
with Wildflowers in the St. Louis 
Area. Book signing follows at 
the Garden Gate Shop, 11 a.m. 
to noon. 


june 5 -june 11 


Guided Tours 

1 to 2 p.m., daily. The Garden 
Guides lead tours that feature 
Missouri plants and trees on 
the Garden grounds. 

june 5 sunday 
Arboretum Wildflower 
Walks 

Short tours of the Whitmire 
Wildflower Garden, and longer 
hikes through the wildflower 
preserves at Shaw Arboretum. 
9 to 10:30 a.m.; 10:30 to 12 


noon; | to 2:30 p.m. Call (314) 
451-3512 or 451-0850 to 
register. 

june 5 sunday 

Plant Mounting and 
Illustration 
Demonstration 

10 a.m. to 3 p.m., Ridgway 
Center. Demonstrations and 
displays feature research on 
native Missouri plants. 


june 7 tuesday 

Nature’s Garden: Native 
Plants and their Habitats 
in Missouri 

7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. 
Dr. George Yatskievych of the 
Missouri Department of 
Conservation and Curator of 
Missouri Plants at the Garden 
will present a slide lecture. 


june 8 wednesday 

An Afternoon with Native 
Woodies 

3 p.m., grounds. Join Garden 
horticulturist Chip Tynan for a 
tour of native woody plants at 
the Garden. Call 577-9434 to 
register. Meet in Ridgway 
Center lobby. 


june 10 friday 


Landscaping with Natives 
2 p.m., Missouri and Botanical 
Rooms, Ridgway Center. 
Master Gardener Ann Case will 
present a slide lecture followed 
by a short walk through the 
Garden grounds. Please call 
577-9434 to register. 

june 11 saturday 

Forum on Restoration 

of Plant Communities 

in Missouri 

1:30 p.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. Representatives from the 
U.S. Forest Service, Missouri 
Department of Natural 
Resources, Shaw Arboretum, 
The Nature Conservancy, and 
the Missouri Department of 
Conservation discuss restora- 
tion strategies and philosophy. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 Q, 


i 


EFFORTS TO PROMOTE native 
plants have been going on fora 


natives fill bookstore shelves 
and cover a range of topics 
from habitats and butterfl 
gardening to aan Pees 
and plant conservatio 

Nurseries anne are 
offering annually increasing 
lists of showy natives and 
promote a new ethic in 
landscaping called eco- 
gardening, short for ecology 
gardening, a landscape method 
based on emulating natural 
plant communities rather than 
merely arranging plants by 
line, form, color, and popular- 
ity. In essence, native plants 
have become the workhorse of 
a new generation of landscapes 
in America and are used for 
their intrinsic hardiness, 
disease resistance, attraction 
for wildlife, and to promote 
regional beauty and plant 
conservation 


10. BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 


Why Landscape with 
Natives? 

Perhaps the earliest sup- 
porter of native plants was 
Wilhelm Miller, who was 
appointed head of the Univer- 
sity of Illinois extension 
program in 1912. Professor 


native plants to residentia 
design, farmsteads, par 
highway roadsides, and prairie 
restoration. His revolutionary 
ideas paved the way for further 
native plant use. 

Today, native plants are 
used in all the ways promoted 


the complexities of restoring 
plant communities like 
prairies, with their diversity of 
plants, insects, and small 


student-based prairie planting 
projects; highway engineers 
and farmers, who plant native 
grasses for low maintenance 
erosion control and pasture; 
and landscape architects, who 
often promote regional natives 


thought of as the earliest 
practitioner of what Miller 
called “the prairie spirit in 
landscape design,” provided 
valuable insight on the reasons 
why native plants are used. In 
a lecture presented in 1922 at 
the University of Illinois, 
Simonds said: “Nature teaches 
what to plant. By going to the 
neighboring woods and seeing 
the trees and plants and shrubs 
they contain, one can tell 
pretty accurately what trees 
will do well in any given 
locality.” In other words, 
native plants make excellent 
landscape plantings because 
they have adapted to local 
weather and soil conditions 
and are more resistant to native 
diseases. 

Midwest residents have 
deeply set images of regional 


LANDSCAPING WITH NATIVE PLANTS 


beauty which create a comfort- 
able sense of belonging. They 
are familiar with Ozark 
hillsides covered with flower- 
ing dogwood in spring, gnarly 
old dry ridge oaks, and perhaps 
graceful tallgrass prairie 
swaying in the autumn wind. 
Humankind has always been 
dependent on a spiritual 
connection with nature, which 
makes our surroundings seem 
unique and inspiring. We have 
come to take this bond for 
granted; it is sometimes 
referred to as sense of place, 
more often referred to as 

me”. 

Perhaps the most compel- 
ling reason for using native 
plants is to increase public 
awareness of the importance of 
saving native organisms and 
their habitats. The loss of 
plant communities and the 
near extinction of about three 
thousand North American 
species from agriculture, 
logging, and urban develop- 
ment, is of critical importance. 
By using natives, gardeners 
become actively involved with 
the restoration process and 
become more aware of the 
urgent necessity of preserving 
the few remaining natural areas 
left undisturbed. 


The Search for Natives 

Native plants and seeds are 
readily available from botanical 
gardens, native plant societies, 
and nurseries nation-wide. 
Usually the former two sources 
are safe bets if you want 
bonafide “nursery propagated” 
plants. This means that plants 
are grown from seed, division, 
or cuttings, and are not taken 
from wild populations. There 
are many reputable nurseries 
that offer nursery propagated 
native plants, and will proudly 
say so. Don’t forget to ask. 

On the other hand, many 
nurseries continue to thrive on 
selling wild harvested native 
plants, a practice that often 
leads to irreparable damage to 
wild populations. Wholesalers 
of this sort are usually located 


near their sources in large 
wilderness areas like the 
southern Appalachians, the 
northern Adirondacks, and the 
Ozarks. Collection on public 
and private lands nationwide is 
responsible for the removal of 
up to several hundred thou- 
sand plants a year. The plants 
eventually appear in wholesale 
catalogs for bargain prices, or 
are sold to retail mail-order 
nurseries and garden centers. 
Retailers often containerize the 
plants and sell them mislead- 
ingly as “nursery grown”. It is 
wise to quiz your local nursery 
people about the origins and 
propagation methods of the 
native plants they sell. 

Fortunately, wild harvesters 
are beginning to suffer from 
increased competition. 
Popular demand for natives has 
driven plant research forward, 
resulting in more efficient 
propagation methods and new 
cultivars. For example, 
successful European nurseries 
have flooded the world market 
for Echinacea, a popular 
medicinal herb, causing prices 
to fall, undercutting wild 
harvesters. Similarly, many 
vigorous new and easy to 
propagate cultivars are 
becoming more readily 
available and are practical 
alternatives to wild collection. 

ou can be certain that 
cultivars are nursery propa- 
gated because they can only be 
grown from cuttings and 
division. 

A satisfying and easy way to 
acquire natives is to collect 
seeds and grow your own. 
Good sources are roadbanks, 
power line clearings, railroad 
corridors, or nearby gardens. 
Avoid collecting in natural 
areas or botanical gardens 
without permits or permission, 
as strong fines or reprimands 
may result. Learn to identify 
and propagate plants by 
studying wildflower and 
propagation guides first. 
Collecting seed of common 
wildflowers is acceptable but is 
detrimental to natural popula- 


CLIFF WILLIS 


tions of rare and endangered 
species. Never take more seed 
than you can grow; always be 
frugal in your collecting. 


Growing Natives 

Like most cultivated 
perennials, native plants have 
specific moisture, soil, 
sunlight,and nutrient require- 
ments. Gardeners often 
attempt to change conditions 
to accommodate plants, rather 
than select the plants appropri- 
ate for the conditions. In order 
to grow plants successfully and 
with the least effort, you 
should know where they grow 
naturally. I have encountered 
far too many gardeners who try 
to grow dry-loving plants on a 
quagmire, or prairie plants in 
the woods. Even if the plants 
survive, they rarely thrive. 
And remember, plants with 


be planted together in native 
landscapes. 

Growing a diversity of 
natives in garden, along 
highways, or in restoration 
areas reduces the isolation of 
native plant populations, 
which often exist only in 
scattered spots in nature 
preserves. Planting new 
communities also establishes 
green corridors vital for bird 


and insect survival. Since most 
native insects don’t pose a 
threat to native plants 
insecticides should be avoided. 

ey harm native plants by 
killing beneficial insects like 
lady bugs, dragon flies, and 
praying mantis which prey on 
many plant-eating critters. 
Insecticides can also reduce 
local butterfly populations 
significantly. 


For More Information 
Missouri Wildflowers by the 
late Edgar Denison and 
Missouri Wildflowers of the St. 
Louis Area by Erna Eisendrath 
are good sources for native 
plant information. In addition, 
demonstrations of native plant 


displays of native plants in the 
new demonstration gardens 
planned for the Kemper Center 
for Home Gardening. 

Anyone who enjoys the 
beauty of nature is encouraged 
to create an eco-garden and 
share it with others. The 
process helps to increase 
public awareness of the natural 
world, while creating a vital 
habitat for native organisms. 
Although we live in a society 
where destruction is consider- 


TEL BPraeeones 


Rai? 


The Garden has several telephone services 


available to assist you. 


en 


577-9400 


hours 


P| 


S14. sa aeeam eek eet 24 ence 


(314)577-5143 


Horticultural Answer Service 
Monday through Friday, 9:00 a.m. tonoon, Master 
Gardeners are on hand to answer your gardening 


questions 


(314) 776-5522 


ortLine 
24-hour recorded gardening information is avail- 


able 


with a touch tone telephone. You will need a 


brochure listing the hundreds of HortLine topics 


in order to use 


the service; you may request a 


brochure by calling the Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening at G14) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 
dail in Bloom at the Garden is updated 
weekly. Press 3 when you call HortLine. 


Composter Hotline (314) 577-9555 


9:00 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. 
Specially trained Master Gardeners are on hand to 


answer your questions about yard 


waste manage- 


ment techniques. After hours leave a message and 


your ca 


Il will be returned. The Master Composter 


program is supported by the Monsanto Fund. 


able, we also possess the ability 
create a more stable an 

colorful world through using 

native plants. 

--Scott Woodbury, staff 

horticulturist, Shaw Arboretum 


|e 
° 


4 The new Whitmire 


T 
showcase for native 
plants in the 
landscape. Yisit the 
Whitmire Garden at 
Shaw Arboretum in 
Gray Summit this 
spring for a look at 
the beauty of native 
species in a variety 
of natural habitats. 


The Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening is open 10 
a.m. to 4 p.m. daily 


The Plant Doctor is avail- 
able at the Kemper Center 
for walk-in consultations 
from 10 a.m. to noon and 1 
to 3 p.m. Monday through 
Saturday. 


Admission to the Kemper 
Center is free with regular 
Garden admission. For 
information on classes and 
activities at the Center, 
please refer to the Adult 
Education brochure mailed 
to all members, or call 

7-9 


BULLETIN MARCH/APRIL 1994 11. 


12, 


may 6 friday 
A Garden Party with 


Mom 

Noon, under the outdoor tent, 
Ridgway Center. (Seating 
begins at 11:50 a.m.) Bring 
your mother and special 
friends to a lovely luncheon 


SEE 
Members’ Days 


may 19 thursday Purple Martin Evening 

6:30 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium and grounds. Our 13th annual 
celebration of these popular birds features a lecture and film with 
W. Ashley Gray III, curator of purple martins, followed by a stroll 
through the Garden’s purple martin neighborhood. Cash bar. No 
reservations are required, but seating for the film is limited. Free, 


featuring a showing of spring 
fashions by Famous-Barr. $40 
per person, members; $50 per 
person for non-members. Call 
577-9500 by May 3 for 
reservations. 


may 7 & 8 


saturday & sunday 


African Violet Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. both days, 
Orthwein Floral Hall. The 
Metropolitan St. Louis African 
Violet Council holds its 40th 
annual juried show and plant 
sale. All sizes, colors, and 
combinations of these popular 
plants will be shown. Free 
with Garden admission. 


a 


may 27 friday y) 


Rose Evening 


5:30 to 8:30 p.m., grounds. This popular 
members’ event features the beautiful 
Gladney and Lehmann Rose Gardens. 
Garden horticulture staff will be on hand to 
answer questions on rose care. The 
evening includes music, cash bar, and an 
optional buffet supper, available by 
reservation only. Watch your mail for a 
special invitation. For members only, 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 


for members only. 


june 17 friday Members’ Musical Evening 

5:30 to 9 p.m., Spoehrer Plaza; concert begins at 7:30 p.m. The 
popular Gateway City Big Band presents the sounds of Glenn 
Miller for an evening under the stars. Bring a picnic supper if 
desired, and lawn chairs or blankets for seating. Cash bar. 
Limited concert seating is provided. Free, for members only. 


may 11 wednesday 
Conversations with 
Anne Keefe 

7:30 p.m., KETC Channel 9. 
Program features the Garden’s 
director, Dr. Peter H. Raven, 
focusing on the role of the 
director in administering the 
scientific and educational 
mission of the Garden. 


may 14 saturday 
O Fallon Iris Society 
Show 


oon to 5 p.m., Orthwein 
Floral Hall. Hundreds of 
entries in a juried show and 
sale. Free with Garden 
admission. 


may 15 sunday 
Greater St. Louis Iris 
Society Show 


Noon to 5 p.m., Orthwein 
Floral Hall. A rainbow of 
blooms and arrangements in a 
juried show and sale. Free 
with Garden admission. 


may 21 & 22 
saturday & sunday 
Horticulture Society 


Show 


Noon to 5 p.m. Saturday, 9 
a.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday, 
Orthwein Floral Hall. Veg- 
etables and cut flowers are 
judged and displayed by the 
Greater St. Louis Horticulture 
Society. Free with Garden 
admission. 


may 22 sunday 
Dahlia Society Sale 


9 a.m. to 5 p.m., Orthwein 
Floral Hall. The Greater St. 
Louis Dahlia Society holds its 
annual plant sale. Buy four 
plants and get the fifth one 
free! Information on dahlia 
care will be available. Free 
with Garden admission. 


may 25 wednesday 


“I Love Eating” Class 
11 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. 
Today’s topic: “So What’s a 
Carbohydrate, Anyway?” On 
the last Wednesday of every 
month through October, join 
local chefs, food writers, and 
dieticians to learn how to cook 
and eat for great health. Door 
prizes, including home- 
delivered catered dinners and 
cookbooks, will be awarded at 
each class. Sponsored by the 
Garden in conjunction with 
the American Heart Associa- 
tion and the Missouri Soybean 
Merchandising Council. 
Classes and admission are free, 
but reservations are required: 
please call 45-HEART or 1- 
800-255-9919 to register. 


may 28 & 29 
saturday & sunday 


Rose Society Show 
Noon to 5 p.m. Saturday, 9 
a.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday, 
Orthwein Floral Hall. The 
Rose Society of Greater St. 
Louis holds a juried show with 
hundreds of beautiful blooms . 
Free with Garden admission. 


may 30 monday 


Summer Hours Begin 
9 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily through 
Labor Day. Come to the 
Garden on summer evenings 
for a quiet twilight stroll. 


Dahlia Society Sale 
9 a.m. to5 p.m. See May 22. 


june 1 wednesday 


Jazz in June 

7:30 p.m., Cohen Amphithe- 
ater. Summer nights, 
simmering jazz! Tonight 
featuring the Rob Block Latin 
Jazz Sextet. Bring your picnic 
supper, a blanket or lawn 
chairs, and enjoy some of St. 
Louis’ most exciting jazz 
ensembles performing under 
the stars. Please note: alcohol 
and glass containers may not 
be brought into the Garden 
grounds. A cash bar will be 
available. In case of rain, 
cancellation of the evening’s 
concert will be announced by 3 
p-m. Concerts will not be 
rescheduled or moved indoors. 
Concert admission is $3 for 
members, $5 for non-members. 


june 6 monday 


Plant Clinic 

10 a.m. to noon, Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. 
On the spot identification of 
plants and diagnosis of pests 
and problems. Free wit 
Garden admission. 


june 8 wednesday 


Jazz in June 

7:30 p.m. The Russell Gunn / 
John Norment Quintet play 
be-bop and blues. See June 1 
for details. 


june 11 saturday 
Greater St. Louis Iris 
Society Show 


Noon to 5 p.m., Orthwein 
Floral Hall. A rainbow of 
blooms and arrangements in a 
juried show and sale. Free 
with Garden admission. 


june 15 wednesday 


Jazz in June 

7:30 p.m. Sounds of New 
Orleans with the St. Louis 
Stompers Dixieland Band. See 
June 1 for details. 


june 17 friday 
Gateway to Gardening 
Gala Benefit 


7 p.m., cocktails, dinner and 
dancing. Celebrate the 10th 
anniversary of the Gateway to 
Gardening Association with a 
party to benefit its urban 
gardening programs. Please 
call the GIGA office, 577- 
9484, for more information. 


june 18 & 19 

saturday & sunday 
Lily Society Show 
Noon to 8 p.m. Saturday, 9 
a.m. to 8 p.m. Sunday, 


Orthwein Floral Hall. The 
Mid-America Regional Lily 


every day 


Free Walking Tours 

1 p.m. daily. Meet the Garden Guides at the Ridgway 
Center ticket counter, rain or shine, for a fascinating 
tour of the Garden. Free with regular admission. 


wednesdays & saturdays 
Garden Walkers’ Breakfast 


7 a.m., grounds. In cooperation with the American 
Heart Association, the grounds open early every 
Wednesday and Saturday morning to encourage 
fitness walking. Greenhouses open at 9 a.m. Breakfast 
is available for purchase in the Gardenview Restau- 
rant, 7 to 10:30 a.m. Admission is free on 
Wednesdays and Saturdays until noon. 


continuing 


Ecology of U.S. Agriculture: Past, 


Present, and Future 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Brookings Interpretive Center. 
A pictorial history of American agriculture demon- 
strates the role of agriculture in the environment, 
using visual displays, computers, and hands-on 
activities. Developed jointly by the University of 
Missouri College of Agriculture, Food and Natural 
Resources, University Extension, and the Garden. 
Free with Garden admission. 


Society presents a juried 

show and display. Free 
with Garden admission. 
june 20 monday 


Plant Clinic 

10 a.m. to noon, Kemper 
Center for Home Garden- 
ing. See June 6. 


june 22 wednesday 


Jazz in June 

7:30 p.m, Alto saxophonist 
Chad Evans and his 
ensemble. See June 1. 


june 29 wednesday 

“I Love Eating” 
Class 

11 a.m., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. “Protein- 
How Much Is Too Much?” 
See May 25 for details. 


Jazz in June 

7:30 p.m. The a cappella 
jazz vocals of Pieces of 8. 
See June 1. 


ite areee 20 Doe 
BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 13. 


Marketplace 


An Exciting New Benefit for Members 


THE LATEST BENEFIT of Garden membership is a new coupon 
book full of wonderful discounts at the Garden and at many 
leading gardening-related businesses in the St. Louis area. Every 
member will receive a coupon book in the mail, together with 


their new membership cards, when they renew their membership. 


We extend a special thank-you to the following merchants whose 
businesses are featured in the coupon book: 


Timber Creek Nursery Sherwood’s Forest 

A. Walbart and Sons Nursery Cottage Garden 

Kara Meadows Nursery Outdoor 

Shield Shade Tree, Inc. Sugar Creek Gardens 

Hummert Seed Company Gilbert Perennial Farms 

Beckman Bros., Inc., Worm’s Way Garden Supply 
Garden Center & Nursery & Home Brew Center 


H. C. Krupp Company, Inc. 


Shoenberg Fountain — A Restful Respite 


Ps 


JACK JENNINGS 


a aeatl 


ayant?) We 
eum 
. yer ele 


Skee 


Visitors and staff find the Shoenberg Fountain at the south end of the Garden 
a peaceful, quiet place to relax on warm spring and summer days. A level 
triangular space framed with cool white limestone 


sparkling film of water that flows over golden tra 
beneath the sidewalk. This elegant Garden featu 
was a gift of the Shoenberg Family. 


vertine stone to disappear 
re was installed in 1975 and 


14. BULLETIN. MAY/JUNE 1994 


Mark Your Calendar Today! 
“Best of Missouri” Market — 
Sunday, October 9, 1994 


Gala to Benefit the Garden ~ 
Saturday, November 12, 1994 
Watch for exciting details. 


Attendance Prizes Donated 
For their generous donation of attendance 
prizes for February, March and April 
Members’ Day events, we extend our very 
special thanks to: 


Sunset Plantland Nursery 
and Garden Center 
Creve Coeur Botanicals 
Wild Birds Unlimited of Kirkwood 


Instructors and Guides Needed 
EACH YEAR over 25,000 children attend 
tours and classes at the Garden while on 
field trips with their schools. Ninety 
highly committed Garden Guides and 
Volunteer Instructors currently deliver 
these programs to elementary and middle 
school classes. 

Because funds for staffing are limited, 
the Education Division is forced to turn 
away as many requests as it accommo- 
dates. With more volunteers, we could 
serve a much larger school population and 
more community groups. 

In fall, 1994, the Garden will train its 
next class of Education volunteers, 
including both guides and instructors. We 
hope to train at least 30 new volunteers. 

If you have one free school day per 
week, a love of children, an interest in 
plants and ecology, and the energy to lead 
programs for three hours a day, this may 
be the job for you or we may have another 
place for your special talents. Call 577- 
5187 for more information. 


Master Gardeners Needed _ 
Volunteers are also being recruited to join 
the St. Louis Master Gardener program. 
Volunteers are needed to assist with 
gardening information services, school and 
community gardening programs, and 
classes for older adults. Applicants who 
are accepted for the Master Gardener 
program will be required to complete the 
training course to be held Monday 
afternoons from mid-October, 1994 
through February, 1995. For an applica- 
tion with more information about 
selection, training, and volunteer opportu 
nities, call 577-9441. The application 
deadline is June 30, 1994. 


CARDEN 


a | ray S 
é A l KE 


SHOP 
ee ——$§ 


THE GARDEN GATE SHOP is pleased to introduce “The Garden,” a 
new set of boxed notecards featuring six wonderful color photo- 
graphs by Jack Jennings. Jennings is well known for his beautiful 
photographs, which appear in the Missouri Botanical Garden 
Calendar each year. The Garden set includes 18 notecards and 
envelopes for $12.95. The perfect gift for Mother’s Day! 


New Products 
In celebration of spring, the Garden Gate Shop is blooming with 
many colorful plants and gifts. Come see all the wonderful new 
silk flowers, cachepots, linens, and delightful garden accessories. 
A new cosmetics line is available in St. Louis exclusively in the 
Gate Shop. Neal’s Yard Remedies include soaps, hair care, 
cleansers, moisturizers, bath products, massage oils, and essential 
oils. These are simple, effective products, scented with pure 
essential oils and infusions made from herbs and herbal extracts, 
organically grown whenever possible. 


Gifts & Books 


Remember, Mother's Day this year is May 8th and Father's day is 


In ws 25-YEAR CAREER with the Garden, 
Bill Davit has worked at the Garden, at Shaw 
Arboretum, and currently is the site man- 
ager at the Litzsinger Road Ecology Center. 
For ten of his twenty years at the Arbore- 
tum he worked to develop the 78-acre 
Experimental Prairie, enabling thousands 
of visitors to enjoy the beauty and biologi- 
cal diversity of this ecosystem. He has 
developed trails, written trail guides and 
natural history articles, managed green- 


houses, taught classes, and helped hundreds PR 0 


“The Garden”—A new set of boxed notecards available in the Shop 


June 19th. The Shop is filled with wonderful tools for the 
gardener, chimes, fountains, bird houses, and the finest selection 
of gardening and nature books in town. Two new books by local 
writers are Barbara Perry Lawton’s A Seasonal Guide to the Natural 
Year: A Month by Month Guide to Natural Events — Illinois, 
Missouri and Arkansas; and Karen Haller’s Walking with Wildflow- 
ers: A Field Guide to the St. Louis Area. Both books would be a 
welcome addition to any outdoor enthusiast’s library. 


gated the seeds in the greenhouse, and trans- 
planted the young plants into wildflower 
plots in the prairie. These plots increased 
diversity and provided on-site nurseries from 
which to collect more seed. Prescribed 
burning, haying, and many hours of hand 
weeding reduced the numbers of invasive 
exotic plants and encouraged the establish- 
ment of the native species. By 1990 the 
Experimental Prairie contained over 200 
species of native plants. 

At present, Bill is working to reestablish 


a ee 
| oe bay Same 


of adults and children gain a deeper appre- 
ciation for the natural world. 

Davit came to the Garden in 1969 as a 
research technician to join former director David Gates’s biophysi- 
cal ecology research group. The following year he moved with his 
family to Shaw Arboretum, where he lived and worked in mainte- 
nance, horticulture, and education. Over the years at the Arboretum, 
Davit taught natural awareness programs for children and adult 
courses in organic gardening and native trees. He also conducted 
tours of the Experimental Prairie and wildflower reserve. Lydia 
Toth, instructional coordinator at the Arboretum, said, “Bill’s will- 
ingness to teach classes was wonderful. Many people repeated his 
classes year after year because they enjoyed them so much and 
always learned something new.” 

In 1979, Davit began work on the Experimental Prairie project. 
Reintroducing native Missouri prairie species to 78 acres of land 
dominated by exotic species was all the more challenging because 
Prairie seed is not readily available from the horticulture trade. 
With the help of volunteers, Bill collected seed of many native 

ie pl hroughout the state, propa- 


wildflowers from remnant r 


L 


William A. Davit 


native species at the Litzsinger Road Ecol- 
ogy Center. He enjoys learning from other 
restorationists and generously passes on 
what he has learned to garden clubs and individuals. He serves as a 
board member of the Missouri Prairie Foundation and has received 
awards for his prairie photography from the North American Prai- 
rie Conference. 

When watching Davit working in the prairie and teaching people 
about native plants, it is difficult to imagine him doing anything 
else. However, he began his professional life as a geophysical 
engineer and worked for seven years in the U. S. Navy Hydro- 
graphic Office in Washington, D.C., measuring the earth’s magnetic 
field. In the course of this work he traveled to every continent and 
even survived a plane crash in Antarctica. 

Although Davit feels fortunate to have seen so much of the 
world working for the Navy, he says that his work with the Garden 
“puts me in touch with things that are really more important, like 
the functioning of natural ecosystems and how important it is to 
preserve and protect what’s remaining of the natural world.” 

This article was written by Bill’s daughter Carol Davit, a Garden staff member. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 15. 


[a 
fas 
x 
ios 
< 
a 
2 
i 


Carbon 
Dioxide 
Emissions 
Are Linked 
to Potential 
Loss of 
Biodiversity 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Sergei Mosyakin 
during his visit at 
the 


A STUDY CO-AUTHORED BY GARDEN BOTANISTS Oliver 
Phillips and the late Alwyn Gentry has found a link 
etween consumption of fossil fuels and potential 


ce. 

“This is breakthrough research that clearly redefines 
the relationship and influence of modern society on 
even the most remote rain forests,” said Dr. Peter H. 
Raven, the Garden’s director. “No longer can it be said 
that such regions — regardless of their locale — are 
untouched by human hands.” 

Phillips and Gentry studied data from tropical forest 
plots around the world and determined that turn 
the rate at which trees are dying and growing—is 
accelerating. The most plausible reason for this, they 
concluded, is increased levels of carbon dioxide (CQz) 
in the atmosphere, caused primarily by the burning of 
fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, and natural gas. The 
probable result of this acceleration is species loss, as 
longer lived trees are replaced by faster growing sec- 
ondary spec 

This situation should favor light-demanding trees 
and vines that can take advantage of the changing 
environment, but could force out more shade-tolerant 
trees. If the shade-tolerant species decline, then so too 
will other tropical organisms with life cycles tied to 
those trees. 

“This is a unique study that links for the first time 
the changes in the planet’s chemistry and the changes 
in the tropical forests,” says Stuart Pimm, professor at 
the University of Tennessee and a member of Science 


SeRGEI L. Mosyakin, head of the Department of Sys- 
tematics and Floristics of Vascular Plants at the N.G. 

holodny Institute of Botany of the Ukrainian Acad- 
emy of Science in Kiev, has spent six months at the 
Missouri Botanical Garden working on the Flora of 
North America project. It may be surprising that a 
botanist from Eurasia would be studying plants of North 
America, but wet species of the two regions are the 
same or closely related. 

The climate of Ukraine, the 
central agricultural area of the 
former Soviet Union, is very 
similar to parts of North 
America. There are many simi- 
lar native plants, and species 

ave been introduced as well 
through “floristic pollution,” the 
introducton of alien species 
through exchanges of agricul- 
tural and horticultural materials. This invasion is an 
important problem in Ukraine and in the U.S. , causing 
serious danger to ecological stability and biodiversity. 

Some species migrated between Asia and North 
America over the Bering Land Bridge when the conti- 
nents were joined. Mosyakin explained, “I am especially 
interested in reconstructing both the historic and mod- 
ern distribution patterns of native and alien species. In 
the past three to four years we have discovered over 50 
new alien species in Ukraine, and 27 of these are of 


16. BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 


magazine’s Board of Reviewing Editors. “Turnover is a 
measure of the environment’s temperature and we're 
running a fever,” he said. “With this study we’ve located 
the virus that’s infected the patient.” 

The study measured turnover in 40 study plots in 
tropical areas of Latin America, Africa and Asia. The 
forest plots were set up by a variety of scientists over 
the last 40 years and include nine plots inventoried by 
MBG scientists and colleagues in the Amazon. By 
analyzing the data, Phillips and Gentry found signifi- 
cant increases since the 1950s in both the old and new 
worlds. 

Although faster turnover may create a more hetero- 
geneous forest environment, and hence enhance species 
richness at local scales, large-scale biodiversity levels 
could decline, Phillips and Gentry wrote. 

Alwyn Gentry was senior curator at the Missouri 
Botanical Garden when he died in a plane crash in 
Ecuador on August 3, 1993. The world’s most knowl- 
edgeable scientist on the plants of Latin America, 

entry’s contribution to this paper is both a fitting 
legacy and a sad reminder of the impact of his loss on 
science. Phillips, a postdoctoral researcher at the Gar- 
den, was one of Gentry’s students. 

Phillips said, “Even if we set aside parks, we can't 
shield them from atmospheric changes. CO2 levels 
right now are higher than they’ve been in at least the 
last 160,000 years so plants have no recent evolution- 
ary experience with this. The data shows that we can’t 
easily separate the issues of pollution and extinction.” 


North American origin.” 

Mosyakin, an expert on the Chenopodiaceae family, 
is working to clarify the taxonomy of some of the native 
and introduced species in North America and Eurasia. 
“It is urgent that we do this, as some of the alien species 
are invasive weeds and noxious plants that threaten 
crops and natural plant populations,” he said. “Lan 
development is one of the principal causes of floristic 
pollution; disruption of natural plant communities de- 
stroys the balance that keeps invasive species out.” 

Sergei is writing treatments of Rumex, a genus of 
the Polygonaceae family, and of Corispermum, Salsola, 
Kochia, Bassia, and Cycloloma of the Chenopodiaceae 
for the Flora of North America. “These plants are beau- 
tiful to me,” he said with a smile, “But most people 
would call them weeds. They include docks, sorrels, 
lambsquarters, and tumbleweeds. The Chenopodiaceae 
is complex and poorly known, but my opportunity to 
work in the United States has, I hope, been helpful in 
clarifying some of the relationships among these plants.” 

e herbarium in Kiev is one of the largest in the 
former Soviet Union, second only to the Komarov Bo- 
tanical Institute in St. Petersburg. “We have about 
two million specimens and many unique collections,” 
he said, “including fascinating historic collections ex- 
changed with American and European botanists in the 
19th century. We have a very old tradition that in- 
cludes works of Besser, Turczaninov, Schmalhausen, 
Fomin, Klokov, Kotov, and other noted botanists.” 


A CORNERSTONE OF THE GARDEN’S BOTANICAL RESEARCH is the 
strengthening of botanical institutions. in those countries where 
biological diversity is concentrated, so that they have the ability to 
manage their own resources in a sustainable way. Through train- 
ing of botanists, assistance with capital improvements, and the 
sharing of information, the Garden is making a positive impact on 
wise resource management in the developing world. 

The Garden has a strong collaborative botanical research 
program in Bolivia, a South American country with a wide assort- 
ment of habitats, all of which are characterized by high biological 
diversity. The Garden has enjoyed a long history of mutual col- 
laboration with the botanical community 
and government of Bolivia. 

The program was initiated in 1981; 
since then the Garden has worked with 
Bolivian institutions dedicated to 
botanical inventory, plant ecology, 
conservation, and the sustainable use of 
biological resources. Early years were 
focused on plant collecting and assisting 
in the establishment of the national her- 
barium in La Paz. This herbarium, 
Bolivia’s largest, currently has approxi- 
mately 70,000 accessioned specimens. 
Training has always been a priority, and 
in recent years has become a more 
focused effort, as more Bolivians have 
entered the field of botany. 

Besides working toward the strength- 
ening of local institutions, the Garden is ing research projects 
in Bolivia that could have serious impact on environmental policy 
in the country. Timothy J. Killeen, the Garden’s resident botanist 
in Bolivia, together with Teresa de Centurion, director of the 
Herbario del Oriente Boliviano, and several young Bolivian bota- 
nists, is conducting a botanical inventory of the Noel Kempff 
Mercado National Park, a 900,000 hectare area situated in north- 
eastern Santa Cruz. The Park incorporates a wide variety of different 
ecosystems, including humid Amazonian forest, dry forest, 
semideciduous forest, cerrado savanna, and pantanal wetland. This 
study is the first step toward the preparation of a management plan 
for the Park. The Garden will participate in developing the plan, 
which will deal with ecotourism and community development, 
among other issues. 

In the Estacion Bioldgica del Beni, the oldest biological reserve 
in Bolivia, the Garden is collaborating with the National Her- 
barium and the Universidad Técnica del Beni to document the 
composition of the vegetation in ungrazed, lightly grazed, and 
heavily grazed grassland. The study will examine the effects of 
cattle grazing on the species diversity of the grassland. Approxi- 
mately 70 percent of the Beni is natural grassland, and this habitat 
forms the foundation of one of the largest cattle-producing regions 
on the continent. The research will produce information necessary 
to develop a long term plan for range management in this 200,000- 
Square-kilometer area. 

In 1989 the Garden and its collaborators initiated an inventory 
of the trees of the Eastern Andean montane forest area known as 
Serraniz Pilon Lajas. The results revealed some of the highest 
levels of biological diversity yet recorded for Bolivia. Althoug 
Pilon Lajas was first recommended for designation as a biological 
reserve in 1978, no action was taken by the Bolivian government. 
In the interim, a new road was built through the area and people 
began to migrate there. In 1992 a variety of organizations began 


TIM PARKER 


| 


Timothy J. Killeen at work in the herbarium 


Research in Bolivia 


discussing the possibility of obtaining a protected status for the 
adjacent mountain range and several undisturbed valleys to the 
west. Responding to a petition from indigenous groups, the Presi- 
dent of Bolivia declared it an Indigenous Reserve while 
simultaneously recognizing it as a Biological Reserve. The Garden's 
research in the area was critical in defining the natural boundaries 
for the reserve. 

In 1993 the Guide to the Trees of Bolivia was published by the 
Garden and National Herbarium of Bolivia. This multi-institu- 
tional effort, begun and guided by Garden scientists, collated the 
information on Bolivia's trees and produced this valuable reference 
manual for natural resource managers 
(see story below). 

The Garden has proposed to the Bo- 
livian government a meeting of biologists 
and policy planners to facilitate the flow 
of information from biologists to deci- 
sion makers. This meeting would provide 
a forum where biologists would have an 
opportunity to provide reliable informa- 
tion on areas of biological diversity, 
endemism, and threatened and endan- 
gered species. The meeting would be 
organized by the Missouri Botanical Gar- 
den and the National Environmental 
Defense League (LIDEMA). 

Bolivia has one of the most diverse 
assortment of habitats in all of South 

merica. It is a prime candidate for 
conservation, since its population density is low but growing rap- 
idly. Its ecosystems are still relatively intact, but its deforestation 
rate is high. The Garden’s work in learning about the natural 
resources of Bolivia, coupled with its dedication to training future 
botanists, will be instrumental in helping this nation to preserve 
and sustain its vast biodiversity. 


Guide to the Trees of Bolivia 
The Guide to the Trees of Bolivia, published in 1993, was a landmark 
effort involving much of the botanical community of Bolivia. 
Edited by Timothy J. Killeen, Emilia Garcia E. and Stephan G. 
Beck, it involved 35 authors, many of them students. “This turned 
out to be a great learning experience for many of the authors,” 
Killeen said. 

ther than initiate a great deal of plant exploration for the 
guide, Killeen explained, “we made a conscious decision to assimi- 
late the existing knowledge about the trees of Bolivia, the result of 
the last ten years of field collecting.” 

The book contains descriptions of 120 different plant families, 
685 genera and a list of 2733 species. It provides keys, which help 
botanists identify a given plant, for both families and genera. 
Alwyn H. Gentry, the late Garden botanist, contributed greatly to 
the guide through one of his last books, A Field Guide to the 
Families and Genera of Woody Plants of Northwest South America. 
The manuscript for Dr. Gentry’s book provided the basis for the 
keys in the Bolivian tree guide, which assists botanists to identify 
plants through their vegetative characteristics, without having to 
see fruits or flowers. 

The guide has been already proven to be a valuable resource for 
botanists, foresters, and other natural resource managers in Bolivia. 
In addition, Killeen has used it while working in the herbarium on 
a recent visit to St. Louis as part of his work on an endangered 


itat in Bolivia. 
habita BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 17. 


Pamela Pirio 


preparation 
for the Patch 
Program. 


ee A es 4. 
Ses = ap. SY, 


Garden Explorer Patch Program 
Whar do more than two thousand children in the St. Louis area have in common? 
They have learned about the Missouri Botanical Garden through participation in the 
Garden Explorer Patch Program. The Patch Program began in 1989. It offers an inter- 
active, focused field trip that explores three distinct areas of the Missouri Botanical 
Garden: the historical parts of the Garden relating to the life and times of Henry Shaw, 
the Japanese Garden, and the Climatron. Children who complete the designated 
activities are awarded a triangular patch. 

“The Patch Program evolved from the self-guided tour packet, The Garden Explorer, 
developed by St. Louis Public School teacher Nancy S. D'Arcy, who is on special assign- 
ment at the Garden. The idea for this packet came from volunteer Barbara Z. Cook, who 
was enthusiastic about a similar program at the St. Louis Art Museum and who made it 
possible for this program to be developed at the Garden,” said Pamela Pirio of the 
Garden's Education Division. Pirio, who developed the Patch Program, is coordinator of 
the Garden’s Stupp Teacher Resource Center. 

“We worked with staff from the River Bluffs Girl Scout Council in Edwardsville, 
Illinois, to make this activity something that would encourage children to love the 
Garden for life, to have fun, and to stop and look at things which they would customar- 
ily pass right by,” Pirio said. The patch was introduced first to Girl Scout troops. Soon 
Club Scouts, school groups, and teachers became interested in the program. The first 
Cub Scouts to earn the patch visited Tower Grove House, an optional part of the 
program, where they were fascinated by all the Victorian kitchen machinery. The first 
school group to earn the patch was from Holy Family School, which is located just south 
of the Garden on Wyoming Street. The entire staff of the Ferguson-Florissant Early 


they return with their groups they are knowledgeable and informed,” Pirio explained. 
“This approach has been very successful, and most leaders who do the first patch return 
to do the second and third and ask when the next one will be ready,” she added. Leaders 
nominate areas of the Garden they would most like to see become the next patch. 

A second patch on the Japanese Garden and a third patch based on the Climatron 


represents for so many people,” Pi 
dedicated to the program.” 

Patch Program Workshops are held from 9:30 to 11:30 a.m. on scheduled days. Fees 
are: $3.50 for the first workshop, $1.00 for subsequent workshops. Call Pamela Pirio at 
(314)577-9501 for information and registration. -- Pamela Pirio, Education Division 
18. BULLETIN. May, JUNE 1994 


Education Division Sponsors 
American Wetlands Month 
in May 


The fourth annual American Wetlands 
Month celebrates our natural biological 
heritage. The world’s wetlands support 
a wide variety of plant and animal 
populations that depend upon wetlands’ 
unique habitat for food, shelter, and 
breeding areas. Wetlands form a crucial 
part of the global biosystem, purifying 
water by trapping sediment, retaining 
nutrients and processing wastes. One 
half of the original 221 million acres of 
mature wetlands in the lower 48 states 
have already been destroyed by develop- 
ment, and an additional 290,000 acres 
continue to be lost every year. 

The Garden’s Henry Shaw Academy is 
sponsoring American Wetlands Month 
for the third year. During May an 
exhibit of books on wetlands for 


available for free. Several Saturday 
activities for students ages 7 to 9 and 10 
to 15 will be offered. The Henry Shaw 
Academy’s year-long classes for older 
students, Stream Ecology and the 
Explorer Field Study Program, will 
explore the Mingo Swamp Wildlife 
Refuge. 

Garden staff members James Trager, 
Jeff DePew and Jennifer Gleason will 
help students collect wild plants at 
Mingo Swamp with permission from the 
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The 
following weekend the students will 
plant the valuable wild species in the 
newly created wetlands area at Shaw 
Arboretum to enhance the variety of 
plant life featured in the habitat and 
learn first hand about the relatively new 
science of restoration ecology. The 
wetlands area at Shaw Arboretum is 
open to the public. 

American Wetlands Month is 
coordinated by the Terene Institute and 
the Environmental Protection Agency, 
Wetlands Division. For more informa- 
tion, write The Terrene Institute, 1717 
K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 
20006 or call the Wetlands Hotline, 
1-800-832-7828. For more information 
about Henry Shaw Academy classes call 
Jeff DePew at 577-5135. 


A Year of the Stream Ecology Program 


THE STREAM EcoOLoGy ProGrRaM, offered 
by the Henry Shaw Academy (HSA), is a 
year-long course for students ages 13 to 14. 
The program gives students the opportu- 
nity to study rivers, streams, and watersheds 
at first hand in a way that encourages their 
interest and involvement with river ecol- 
ogy. The Stream Ecology Program, now in 
its fourth year, has consistently enrolled 
groups of ten students. 

During the year, students study the 
Meramec River on four seasonal canoe trips, 
learning the fundamentals of canoeing, river 
camping, and aquatic safety. They use wa- 
ter monitoring and aquatic field research 
techniques to study the river’s biological 
and chemical health. 

Evening classes held at the Garden pre- 
pare students for the field trips and allow 
time for logging their findings into a data- 
base and reviewing and analyzing the 
information they have gathered. 

The Stream Ecology Program is part of 


ronmental Education Network). 
program also serves as a foundation for the 
Missouri Department of Conservation’s new 
high school water monitoring program for 
Missouri. 


Centers) and GREEN (Global Rivers Envi- 
k). The 


Scholarships to HSA 

Darnell McCloud, Jillian 
Morris, and Jeremy Taylor, 
all aged 14, participated in 
this year’s Stream Ecology 
Program. All three are students 
at Mason Investigative Learning 
Center, a magnet school in St. 
Louis. The three students ap- 
plied to the HSA and were 
chosen on merit to receive full 
scholarship awards. 

Darnell McCloud had no prior knowl- 
edge of water monitoring and very little 
camping experience. He said, “Now if I see 
problems with the environment and water I 
will report it or tell someone about it.” 


Darnell hopes to pursue the Stream Ecology 
Program for two years. He is currently in 
seventh grade. 

Jeremy Taylor said, “You can see the 
erosion and touch live things in the water. 
Now I know why water is so important to 
us.” Jeremy, an eighth grader, is preparing 
to enter Gateway High School next fall. 

Students are asked to commit to the con- 
tinuity of the year-long 
program of field trips and 
evening classes, which builds 
on sequential activities 
throughout the year. The 
program runs from 
September through July. 
Applications for the 1994-95 
Stream Ecology Program 
are currently being 
accepted. To request an 

: application with medical 
form and reference sheets, a schedule, or 
additional information, please contact Jeff 
DePew, HSA Coordinator, at 577-5135. 


* 
wg + 


a 4 


Above: Darnell McCloud experiments with 
water testing equipment on the bank of the 
Meramec River. 


TERC (Technology Education Research 


CLIFF WILLIS 


New Signs for the Scented Garden 


THis sPRING, visitors to the Scented Garden will notice a big 
improvement in the signs for the displays. Shirley Dommer of the 
Garden’s Horticulture Division, who took charge of the project, 
said, “Over the years we had moved a number of plantings and 
some of our signs had gotten separated from their plants. We 
also had added lots of new plants, and it seemed like a good time 
to upgrade the signs.” 
Developing 60 new signs was no small undertaking. Shirley 
had to find a com any that specialized in making Braille signs, 
finally locating Braille-Tac® by Advance Corporation of Saint 
Paul, Minnesota. Horticultural taxonomist Alan Lievens wrote 
the text for the new signs, which feature both printed lettering 
and Braille. Finally, Shirley enlisted the help of staff from the 
Visually Impaired Program of the St. Louis County Special School 
District's Applied Technology Division at South Technical High 
chool, who proofed the Braille lettering. Plans are still being 


developed to upgrade the large central sign. 

The Scented Garden is a popular display, with fragrant 
plantings growing in planters where they can easily be touched 
and smelled. New plants in the Scented Garden this year include 
chewing gum mint, Metha spicata ‘Chewing Gum; creme de 
menthe mint, Mentha requienii; and root beer plant, Tagetes lucida. 


Let Worms Eat Your GARBAGE! — In two workshops held at 
the Kemper Center this spring, elementary school teachers 
received information and supplies to demonstrate how worms can 
turn garbage into compost. These clean, wiggly creatures demon- 
strate decomposition and nutrient recycling and make great 
classroom pets! This popular program is supported by Monsanto 
Fund. Above, teachers in a vermicomposting workshop make new 
friends. Shown from left: Amy Haake, MBG instructor; Gail 
Pawlitz, Our Savior Lutheran School; Lou Birenbaum, 
Willowbrook School; and Ann Linenfelser, Madison County 
Recycling Education Coordinator. 
BULLETIN 19. 


MAY / JUNE 1994 


es SE PRoriiT SS Ba 


Kummer, McClure, and Nance 
Are New Term Trustees 


THE GARDEN’S BOARD OF TRUSTEES elected 
June M. Kummer, John W. McClure, and 
the Reverend Earl 
E. Nance, Jr., as 
new Term Trust- 
ees at the annual 
meeting held on 
January 26, 1994. 
rs. Kummer 
is a native St. 
Louisan and a 
co-founder, with 
her husband 
Fred, of HBE 
Corporation. She received a degree in ar- 
chitecture from Washington University and 
is now serving as a member of the 
University’s National Council for the School. 
She has been a member of the Federated 
Garden Clubs of Missour for over 34 years 
and just completed a term as district direc- 
tor of the East Central District. She was 
recently elected first vice president on the 
State Board and is serving on the National 
Council of State Garden Clubs as horticul- 
ture chairman of improved cultivars. This 
has evolved into a bimonthly article in The 
National Gardener, entitled, “Come Grow 
With Me.” 
Mrs. Kummer has been on the Members’ 


June M. Kummer 


Se ee 


In Memoriam Mary E. Baer 


1980s. 


Mrs. Baer was married to the late 

Arthur Baer, head of the Stix, Baer and Fuller department stores 
in St. Louis. Mrs. Baer was a graduate of the School of Design at 
Washington University. In addition to other volunteer work she 
started the Herb Shop at Stix, Baer and Fuller, drawing on her 
expertise to develop lines of sachets, potpourri, pomanders, 
fragrant culinary herbs, and other products. She also created 
many dried plant arrangements for Tower Grove House. 

Mrs. Baer was a very special friend of the Garden and she is 
deeply missed. Memorial contributions may be made to the 
School of Fine Arts at Washington University or to the St. Louis 


Herb Society at the Garden. 


20. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 


January 18, 1994, the Garden lost a 
longtime friend with the death of Mary 
Eudaley Baer. In 1941 Mrs. Baer 
founded the St. Louis Herb Society, the 
first volunteer plant society at the 
arden. She was a member of the 
Garden Club of America and the Ladue 
Garden Club and was active in activi- 
ties of the Herb Society until the late 


Board of the Garden for six years and served 
on its executive committee. She said, “The 
Garden is a mecca for plant lovers from all 
over the world, and as an avid gardener, 
I am excited and proud to participate in 
keeping Shaw’s legacy to our city the finest 
institution of its kind throughout our 
nation.” 

John W. McClure is an executive vice 
president and head of community banking 
at Mercantile Bancorporation. He is a 23- 
year veteran of the company and has served 
in a number of management positions 

in the lead bank, 


its parent com- 
pany, Mercantile 
Bancorporation. 
A native of 
Missouri 
McClure is active 
in civic and 
professional or- 
ganizations. He 
recently served as 
chairman of the board of trustees of KET ‘ 
Channel 9. McClure currently serves on 
the board of the YMCA of Greater St. Louis 
and the Missouri Chamber of Commerce. 
Committed to education, he also serves on 
the board of trustees of the Academy of the 
Sacred Heart in St. Charles and the Net- 
work of Sacred Heart Schools in Boston, 


a 


John W. McClure 


Massachusetts, 
McClure received 
his bachelor’s 
degree from the 
University of 
Missouri at Co- 
umbia. 

The Reverend 
Earl E. Nance, Jr. 
served previously 
on the Garden’s 
Board of Trustees 
as an ex-officio member during his tenure 
as president of the St. Louis Board of Edu- 
cation, 1991-93. A native of St. Louis, Rev. 
Nance has been co-pastor of the Greater 
Mount Carmel Baptist Church since 1979. 
He was formerly an elementary school 
teacher in the St. Louis Public Schools. 
During the campaign for Proposition E last 
fall, Rev. Nance served as chairman of the 
campaign committee. Rev. Nance has al- 
ways been an advocate for education in St. 
Louis, emphasizing the need for a strong 
alliance among the city’s schools, its cul- 
tural institutions, and the community. 

At the annual meeting, the Board of 
Trustees elected Mrs. Raymond H. Wittcoff 
as a new Emeritus Trustee. She will be 
profiled in a future issue of the Bulletin. 
The Garden is delighted to welcome these 
three outstanding new Trustees to its Board, 
and looks forward to working with them 
and benefitting from their expertise. 


Rev. Earl E. Nance, Jr. 


New KIEFER MAGNOLIA GROVE — In March the Garden 
planted eight new adult magnolia trees along the new walk- 
way leading from the Linnean House to the Climatron. The 
trees, each 20 to 25 feet tall with rootballs eight feet in 
diameter, were brought in on heavy transports and lowered 
into prepared holes. The trees were trucked in from New 


new route to the Climatron to relieve pedestrian congestion in 


the tram loading area. 


Mrs. Alijda Barendregt 
Mr. Roel J. Barendre a 

Mrs. Robert Bern: 

Mr. and Mrs. Phillip its 


Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Paes 
Mr. and Mrs. John O. Felke 
Duchesne Parque Conits 


Mrs. Dorothy Feinstein 

Charles ve Nicole Fremont 

Bob and Suzie Fuchs 

Mr. and Mrs. Donald F. Roth 

Mrs. Lois Friedman 

Mr. and Mrs. Morton Singer 

Mr. and Mrs. Harold 

Fudember 

Anita and Joe Sokolik 

Dr. Jeff Gall 

Mr. and Mrs. Brent F. Stansen 
eisse 


Granddaughter of Mrs. Peggy 
Gibst 


Mr. and =a Arthur Bierman 
Mrs. Stanley J. Goodman 
Mrs. Carol S. Bodenheimer 
Mrs. Leonard Strauss 
Mrs. Lillian Heifetz 
Jean and Wilton Agatstein 
Dr. Patrick H. Hen 
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Oetting 
and Family 
Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Holstein 
Dr. and Mrs. Robert E. Bedell 
Tr 


Mr. and Mrs. Bernard H. Sirkin 
Mr. Alvin Lindenberg 
Mrs. Carol S. Bodenheimer 
usan Lorenz 
Mrs. Judith G. Tisdale 
Mr. Albert M. Melman 
try and Miriam Raskin 
Mrs. Lillian Miller 
M 


1 
ra Mrs. leant Midhute 
Rol and Nancy Morgan 
> end —— 
ymond T, 
Mr. Saint B. Murphy 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 


IN HONOR OF 


Mr. Albert Prel 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. or 

“oe = Mr. and Mrs 
Albert Price 

Ted and ih: Berger 

Mrs. Edward Rose 

Mrs. Henry F. Luepke Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert 
Rosenheim 

Mrs. Lilly Ann Abraham 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 


Mrs. David Eiseman III 

Mrs. Gail Fischmann 

Dr. and Mrs. Marvin Gernstein 
Mr. and Mrs. Sid Grossman 
Carolyn and Jay Henges 

Mr. and Mrs. Warner Isaacs 


Ginny and H Rosenberg 
Mrs. hemor Rothschild 
ch 


aceon — as 
Mr. and Mrs. James L. Schwab Jr. 
a 


Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. Barken 
Mrs. Audrey Senturia 

Mrs. Rose Floret 

Mr. and Mrs. Art hur Sprung 


Jerome Levy 
Mr. and Mrs. eee P. Sher 

Mr. Paul Ullm 

Geraldine and ae Schiller 

Mr. Walter Vocke 

Ms. Ethel F. Eckles 


Mrs. Mary E. Baer 
oie Adcock 

and Mrs. Lawrence P. Badler 
soi Park Nursing Facility 
Ms. Nancy R. Burke 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack E. Edlin 
Mr. and Mrs. Rokertt. Filderman 


r. and Mrs. pee . Jonas 


Mrs, Linda Kahn 

Mrs. Charles E. King 

Mr. and Mrs. Norman Litz 
Marks, Abrams, Cohen & Co 


Mr. and Mrs. Edwin B. Meissner Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Edward L. O'Neill Jr, 
Mr. and Mrs. Ronald Pass 


and Mrs. Richard B. Rosenthal 
. and Mrs. Arthur E. Schmid 
pees and Sandra Spirtas 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry H. Stern Jr 
. and Mrs. Robert S. Weinstock 
Wittich peargneide. Inc 
Dori i. 


Ms. Christine - wis 

Mr. Edward L. sakes Jr. 

Alexander Bakewell Family 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom 

Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Bettman 

Mr. and Mrs. William P. Chrisler 

Mrs. ebay. A. Dubuque Jr. 
Mary A. Klei 

Mr. and Mrs. “Pisnik B. Lawton 

Dr. and Mrs. Antonio I. Longrais 

Mrs. John M 

Mr. and Mrs. "Denld McNeely 

Fristoe and Elizabeth Mullins 


Ms. Mary 


Marsha Schieber 


Mr. Leendert Jan Barendregt 
Mr. Roel J. Barendregt 

Mrs. Dorothy Smith Batres 
Mr. and Mrs. Glenn J. Markwort 
Clara and Charles Battles 
Ms. Patricia B. Halle 

Lucille Beal 

Scott opel 

Robert 

Mr. and ce Chikes W. Freeman 
Mr. John Beauchamp 


Mrs. Dorothy Belz 

Mr. and Mrs. Ronald W. Payne 
Mrs. Mary Bentele 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 


Tom, Grace Benner and Family 
Mr. and Mrs. Brian Leighton 
Howard Bloom, Rose Mann 


Mr. H. Lynn Boardman 
Fred and Gloria Goetsch 
Alice V. Sterkel 

Mr. Craig Williamson 


Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
Mrs. Edmund J. Boyce Sr. 

Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher Jr 
Mr. Robert T. Brachear 

Mrs. }. Harold gab 

Mr. Donald N. Brandin 

Mr. and Mrs. SS nce C. Barksdale 
Mrs. Nancy R. Bur 

Mr. and Mrs. “ane Ewing 

Mr. and Mrs. William A. Frank 
Mr. and Mrs. W, G. Heckman 

Mr. and Mrs. Ben F. Hickman 

Mr. and Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh 
Mr. Steven C. Stepley 

Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
Mrs. Wilma M. Brans 

Jon Goeders 


Mr. and Mrs, Robert E. rae 
Miss Laura Wohlberg 

Mrs. Robert E. Wohlberg 

Mr. and Mrs. Lyle 8. Woodcock 
Mrs. Alice Broadhead 

Mrs. Emma Hart 

Mr. Fred Brodbeck 


Friends at Southwestern Bell 


Mr. and Mrs, Robert Raphael 
Charles Michael Burns 


Mrs. Ann K. Campbell 


Katies siseene 


Mrs. ;. Thelma M. "Cissell 


Mr. and Mrs. Bertram Gabriel Jr. 
Lucille D. Conlon 
Karen and Harry Knopf 


continued on next page 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 21. 


TRIBUTES 


continued 


Mr. Victor Constantino 
The Archies 


Mrs. Elizabeth C. Barksdale 


Dr. and Mrs. Josey M. Page Jr. 
Mr. Daniel Cutter 

Dr. and Mrs. Harry T. Duffy 
Mrs. Kay Davidson 

Dr. and Mrs. oe M. Kipnis 
Mr. Hugo H. Davis 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Kehoe 
Mr. Milton F. Davis 

Mr. and Mrs. Raymond O. Davis 
Mrs. Mabel Dawson 

Mrs. Joan Corwin 

Mr. Richard S. Deglman 
Mr. and Mrs. V. Patton Braxton Jr. 
Marki Cad} 

Lisa Leiweke 


Mr. Jeffrey Burg 

Mrs. Ruth Drake 

Dr. Grace E. Bergner 

Dr. Joseph C. Edwards 

Miss ipo Jane Fredrickson 

Mr. Ben England 

Mrs. Jane A. Jacobs 

Lonabe Erdel 

Mrs. Leonard R. Duerbeck 

J. Korach 

Daughter of Mr. and Mrs. 
Francis Estaqu 


Mr. and Mrs. Blanton tc 
Mrs. Peter Farmasoni 

Mrs. Athena Lemakis 

ae. 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 


Mrs. Nancy Rose Flum 
Ms. Rebecca L. Barnard 
Dr. Florent E. Franke 
Robert and Theresa Hitt 


Vv 
Katie and Susan Clare 
Jack and Jean Hitt 
Liz, Nick and Joey 
Jack and Dorothy Hitt 


Dr. epee Mrs. speech D. Gersten 
rr 


Jane Graham 

The Gutweins 

Mrs. Margaret Grant 

Central West End Bank 

Mr. John D. Meyer 

Judy and David Milton 

Mr. and Mrs. Barclay Tittmann 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 
e 


Mrs. gl Watson Skinner 
Mr. John Hall 
Mr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 

Mrs. No Hyams 

Mike and Sue Harmon 

Mr. Henry Isaacson 

Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M. Steiner 
sserma 


Dr. and Mrs. Leonard Guarraia 


Ms. Anna Caroline Jennings 
Mr. and Mrs. James L. Schwab Jr. 
n 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles ay <iatote 
s. Kellie Corlew Jones 
oe sae Fairview Heights 


Richa rdS 5 ie 
Mr. and Mrs. has W. Freeman 
Priscilla B. McDonnell 
Jane von Kaenel 
Mrs. F. Russell Fette 
Mr. Leon Kaye 
Mrs. Patricia V. Downen 
Mr. Earl E. Keith 
Ms. Delphine eS Smith 
Mr. Victor W. Klein 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Levis 
Mr. Wilbert G. Klepper 
Mr. and Mrs. ince Bean 
Marie E. Kleppe 
Dr. and Mrs. Gay C. Kohring 
Mabel M. K 
Mrs. Marthe Pickens Kraft 
Mr. and Mrs. Glenn J. Markwort 
Mrs. Arialee Laidlaw 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack A. Blake 
Mrs. Marge Lake 
Belle Coeur ae Club 
Joe Lanze 
Friends at igs Coffee Company 
Corinne G. Harmon 
Special School District Curriculum 
Development Department 


Mrs. Madeline Bendorf 
Mr. L. A. B. Leslie 
Mrs. Ginny Clar 
Augusta and Edgar Littmann 
Miss Carol L. Littman 


r. and Mrs. H. Leighton Morrill 
Mr. Archer Eady Je 
Mrs. Deane W. Malott 
The cane Family 


Mrs. Frances Jennings 
Marshall 
Douglas and Suzanne Wixson 
D 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Freeman 
Mr. Normand Meyer 
Mr. Raymond J. Siebert 


Miss Beatrice Thake 
Mrs. Ann Neumann 
Paul and Cindy Gross 
Paul and Ruth Gross 


Mr. and Mrs. Ben Tischler 
Mrs. Regina Ost 
bos W. Hinkle 

and Mrs. fe E, LaMear 
oh Newbold 
Charlene Sbanotto 
Mrs. Raoul Pantaleoni 
Miss Mary Elizabeth Bascom 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom 
sone pied 


je a 

rass Roots Garden Club 
Mt and Mrs. Charles F. Knight 

r. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko 
Ms I. A. Lon 

and Mrs. James S. McDonnell Ill 

ba Giada 
Mrs. Betty Rosell Schlapp 
M try Jr 


Ts. W 
Mr. and Mrs. pare Wahl 
Mrs. John K. Wallace 


Mrs. Margaret Perkins 
Mary Alice Dean 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. O’Donnell 


Mr. Walter Petersen 
John and Jill Felker 

illiam D. Phillips 
side and Drew W. Luten Jr. 
Fred Picken 
Mr. and Mrs. Chas W Freeman 
Mrs. Rose Pisan 
Benson, LaMear & eae 
Norma Potter 
Patrick Henry sae School 
Mrs. Victoria Pros 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert cea 
Mrs. Mary Remley 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Hemmer 


Ellen and Henry Dubinsky 
Mr. Richard C. Rimat 
Mr. and Mrs. Michael A. Boyle Sr. 
Webster Groves Garden Club 
Group #4 
— law of Dr. Necita L. 
oa 


op and Mrs. Robert Feinstein 
Mr. Richard W. Robinson 
Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
Mr. Leslie Roth 

Dr. and Mrs. Ronald D. Gersten 
Mr. Charles Rothman 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester Goldman 
Mrs. Kathleen Ruble 


Ruth Schlansky 


Mrs. Louis H. Schneider 

Harriet R. Schneider 

Mr. Robert Schumann 

Missouri Botanical Garden Guides 
It 


Gerry and Marian Barnholtz 

Mr. ina Seidler 

Jeff Ba 

“coe Blum 

Mrs. A. Wessel Shapleigh 
Fristoe and ies Mullins 
Mr. Stan 

Mr. and his. eee Dorenkamp 
Mrs. Ilda M. Smith 


and Mrs. Frederick Mayer 
alg Paul Smith 
Tr. and Mrs. Andrew H. Baur 


Mrs. Peggy R. Solo 

Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M. Steiner 
Jack Soule 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Ms. Barbara Ann Spencer 
Ms. Susannah Godlove 

Villa Spencer 

Miss Patricia R. Williamson 


Mr. Fred Stetalcahle 


Mr. James A. Warren Jr. 
ayaa es preenionis: 

osemary C. Mey 
cee Patricia Srabbiers 
Alice and Amy Sargent 
Josephine Sutliff 
Mr. and Mrs. John F. Dill 
Mrs. Madolyn Baker Teichman 
Mr. and Mrs. Gerald K. Braznell 
Myrtle L. Butts 
Mr. and Mrs. H. S. Coppinger 
Mr. and Mrs. Patrick M. Donelan 
Mr. ee Mrs. Leonard J. Frankel 
Mr. and Mrs. David R. Hensley 
Al ad Nancy Koller 


and Mrs. sould Nichoalds 
ee Mrs. A. Charles Roland III 
Barbara C. Santoro 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward R. Spence 
Judge and Mrs. A. H. Voorhees 
Marvin Thilking 
Bob and Betty Mathieu 
Mrs. Hina Wada 


ey 

r. and Mrs. Wayne S. Elrod 
a and Mrs. Jackson K. Eto 
Dr. and Mrs. John Hara 
Mr. George K. Hasegawa 
Mr. and Mrs. Harry H. Hayashi 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard T. Henmi 
Mr. and Mrs. Ted Hirabayashi 
Mr. and Mrs. K. Hiramoto 
Mr. and Mrs. Kinji Hiramoto 
Mr. Harry Inukai 
Mr. and Mrs. Joe Inukai 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Itogawa 


Mr. and Mrs. Ed S. Izumi 
Elisa Kamimoto 
nd Mrs. J. Kamimoto 


Mrs. Janice K. Koizumi 
Mr. and Mrs. Don Koshi 


and Mrs. Peter K. Matsuoka 
a art gage 


Mr. and Mrs. George Shingu 
Mr. and Mrs. Francis A. Stroble 
Mr. and Mrs. Kazuo T 

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Talesou: 


Dr. and Mrs. George S. Uchiyama 
Mr. and Mrs. Joe Yokota 
Fannie Waldman 


Mr. and Mrs. Edwin F. Guth 


ms H. Frederick W 
r. and Mrs. Herbert 7 ak 
berg 


Mr. Elmer Wei 


Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 

Alice 

Special School District Staff, 
Kirkwood High School 

Mrs. William Whalen 

Ms. Lois Daniels 

Mrs. Mary Chambers Wiese 

Norma and Dell 

Mr. and Mrs. Eugene C. Sunnen 

Mrs. Catharine Wilkins 

Mrs. William L. Behan Jr. 

Mrs. Barbara Behan Smith 

Mr. Charles (Bud) Wilkinson 


Mr. and Mrs. Ron Kahney 
Ada i tepes 


Mrs. “Viigiati Yore 
Dr. and Mrs. John A. Carrier 
Mr. and Mrs. Gary Ferguson 
Dr. and Mrs. Paul O. Hagemann 
Mr. and Mrs. F. Cameron 
Higginboth 
Mr. and Mrs. eet co 
Mr. and Mrs. Philip J. Wei 
Mr. and Mrs. Monty W. ee and 
Daniel and Joshua Woolley 
n 


Mr. Zin 
Mrs. Kelly Bermel 


cote aroun 
BOARD OF TRUSTEES 


Mr. pene K. Wallace, Jr. 
President 


Rev, Lawrence Biondi, $.). 


Dr. William H, Danforth 
Mr. Eddie G. Davis 
Mr. M. Peter Fischer 
Mrs. Sam Fox 
Mr. Samuel B. Hayes 
The Hon. Carol E. Jackson 


Mrs. Fred S. Kummer 
Ms, Carolyn W. Losos 
Mr. Richard J. Mahoney 
Mr. John W. McClure 


The Hon, George R. Westfall 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman III 


Emeritus TRUSTEES 
Mr. Howard F. Baer 
Mr. Clarence C. Barksdale 
Dr. John H. Biggs 
Mr. Jules D. Campbell 
Mr. Robert R. Hermann 
Mr. Henry Hitchcock 


= 
a 
Fs 
3 
cS) 
3 
= 
9 


Mrs. Raymond H. Wittcoff 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


Honorary TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 


Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


Memeers’ BoarpD 
Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy, President 


Mrs. Robert Trulaske 


BULLETIN MAY/JUNE 1994 23. 


oS a 
Watch 

for a special 

invitation 


Follow this Spring! 
the 


Yellow 
Brick 
Road 


Join us on the “Yellow Brick Road” to the new 
Demonstration Gardens at the William T. Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening! 


CIAL OPPORTUNITY 


A SPE 
FOR MEMBERS ONLY 
ee 


Fe a rc erg Te 


Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 
Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 
St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 

AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


(ae 
IN) 


issourl 
otanical 
arden 


JULY / AUGUST 
1994 


VOLUME LXXxXIl 
NUMBER FOUR 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Missouri BOTANICAL GARDEN MISSION: “To DisCOVER AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE 
Asout PLANTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT, IN ORDER TO PRESERVE AND ENRICH LIFE.” 


As YOU WILL READ on the next page, on June 12, 1994 we broke ground for the outdoor 
demonstration gardens at the William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening. A major 

nt of our current capital fund drive, the Partnership Campaign, the gardens are 
= fullfillment of a cherished dream, the completion of the most comprehensive facility 
for home horticulture in the country. We are eagerly looking forward to watching these 
beautiful gardens take shape, thanks to the generosity of our members and friends. | 
especially draw your attention to the special project of the Members’ Board to support 
the construction of the new Entry Court for the Kemper Center, described on page 14. 
The enthusiasm of our members is a major source of the vitality of the Garden, and | 
thank the Members’ Board for their leadership of this exciting project. 

On June 18, just after this issue of the Bulletin goes to press, the Garden 
will host a visit from the Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress of 
Japan. The royal couple are visiting the United States and especially 
_ requested a visit to the Garden and Seiwa-En while they are in St. Louis. 
We are honored to welcome them. Please watch for your September/ 
October Bulletin for a complete account of the royal visit. 

July and August bring all the beauty of summer to the Garden, along 
with a delightful array of activities for the whole family. July is “Kids in 
Bloom” at the Garden, with special films, storytelling, demonstrations, 
Henry Shaw’s Birthday Party, and more, all month long. July 16 and 17, 
visit the Henry Shaw Cactus Society Show and sale, where you will have an 
opportunity to purchase some of the display plants from the Desert House, 
which has been permanently closed until funds can be raised for a replacement facility. 

You will notice lots of construction going on in the Garden this summer as the 
projects of the Partnership Campaign are underway. Make plans to visit the English 
Woodland Garden, with its beautiful new bog area, streambed, and extended pathways. 
We know you share our sense of anticipation as we watch the improvements to the 
Garden take shape and enjoy the beauty of all the areas that are undisturbed. And we 
hope you will take advantage of our extended summer hours to visit until 8 o’clock on 
these beautiful summer evenings. — Peter H. Raven, Director 


Union Pacific Gwes Land for New Building 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you. 
move. Please enclose the mail- 
ing label on the back cover of 
this Bulletin and mail to: 


Name 

Old Address: 
Street 

City 

State Zip 


New Address: 
Date effective: 


Street) sss. eee 


City 


eo £1 


On the Cover 
The Jenkins Daylily Garden is in 
glorious bloom in July and August. 


Photo by Jack Jennings 


Editor 
Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 


St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron® is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 

issouri Botanical Garden is an Equal 
Opportunity / psec Action employer. 
© 1994 Missouri Botanical Garden 
The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is 
published bi-monthly by the Missour! 


Pacific donated a tract of land, 
a portion of the location for the new building, in honor of Mr. Shapleigh’s service as a 
member of the Board of Union Pacific and a Trustee of the Union Pacific Foundation. 
“We are delighted that Union Pacific took this opportunity to honor Warren Shapleigh,” 
said Dr. Raven. ae lendid and 

REESE Ga splendid gift 4 great step toward realizing our plan for the cal Garden, P.O. Box 2 


‘ MO 63166-0299. 
«=. BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 


99, St. Louis, 


N SUNDAY, JUNE 12, 1994, the Garden inaugurated construction of 
the outdoor gardens at the William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening. 
The first phase of the facility, the William T. Kemper Center building, was 
dedicated in June, 1991. 

The 26 new gardens will include two displays, the Chinese and Boxwood 
Gardens, which will be built adjacent to the Kemper Center 

Speaking at the groundbreaking ceremony were David W. Kemper, 
representing the William T. Kemper Foundation, Commerce Bank, Trustee; 
Catherine Moore, representing U.S. Senator Christopher S. Bond: Rodney 
Sippel, representing U.S. Representative Richard A. Gephardt; The Hon. 
Nancy Farmer, State Representative, District 64; and Larry T. Bushong, 
representing The Hon. Freeman R. Bosley, Jr., Mayor of St. Louis. The Hon. 
William L. Clay, Jr., State Senator, District 4, The Hon. George R. Westfall, 
St. Louis County Executive, and The Hon. Stephen J. Conway, 8th Ward 
Alderman, were unable to attend. 

Guests were welcomed by John K. Wallace Jr., president of the Board of 
Trustees. Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, recognized the contributions of staff, 
friends, and donors who have made it possible to go forward with the second 
and final phase of the Kemper Center. Dr. Raven paid tribute to the Urban 
Gardening Partnership, a collaborative effort of the Garden, University 
Extension, and Gateway to Gardening, which was formed in 1991 to consoli- 
date resources and activities for gardeners in St .Louis. Centralized 
information and outreach are offered through the Kemper Center, which is 
operated jointly by the Garden and University Extension. Dr. Raven also 
recognized Environmental Planning and Design of Pittsburgh, developers of 
the Garden’s Master Plan; Louis R. Saur & Associates of St. Louis, architects 
for the Kemper Center; and BSI Constructors, Inc., of St. Louis, construction 
manager for the Center and the outdoor gardens. 


Donors whose generosity has enabled the Garden to 
move ahead with the demonstration gardens are: 


The William T. Kemper Foundation 
Commerce Bank, Trustee 


Mrs. Albert Blanke, Jr. 


Boatmen’s Bancshares, Inc. 


Boxwood Garden 

Family Vegetable Garden 
Enterprise Rent-A-Car Co. Flower Borders 
Bird Garden 
Secret Garden 
Butterfly Meadow 


Estate of Harry Lang 

Mr. and Mrs. Whitney Harris 

Mrs. J. A. Jacobs 

James M. Kemper Family Terrace Garden 

Prairie Garden 
City Garden 


Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Lopata 

Mercantile Bank of St. Louis 
Executive Board of the Members and the 
Missouri Botanical Garden Membership Entry Court 
Garden for All 
Children’s Garden 
Experimental Garden 
Backyard Garden 


Groundcover Border 


Joseph F. Ruwitch Family 
Spoehrer Family Charitable Trust 
Mr. and Mrs. John Steinfeld 

The Sunnen Foundation 

Union Electric Company 


Anonymous 


Fragrance Garden 


Groundbreaking 


os 


for New Demonstration Gardens 


Left: David Kemper (left), Peter Raven, and 
John Wallace at the groundbreaking. 


Above: Friends and well wishers attended the 
outdoor ceremony. 

MISSOURI BOTANICAL 

JUN 2 9 1994 


GARDEN LIBRARY 


BULLETIN JULY /AUGUST 1994 3. 


Right: The North family, who purchased the Manor 
House from the Crews family, stand in front of the Manor 
House, c. 1895. 


Below: The Manor House today. 


Below, center: Examining the fireplace in the downstairs & 
parlor are (from left): Philip Cotton, (kneeling), David 
Hicks, and John Behrer. 


NEWs FROM SHAW ARBORETUM 


Manor House 
Linking Past & Future 


=. 


An important COMPONENT of the Partnership 
Campaign is the development of the Manor House at 
Shaw Arboretum as a visitor facility. The 1879 brick 
mansion stands on a hill with a commanding view of 
the Arboretum, making it a splendid focal point for 
the first phase of the new Visitor Center in the 
Arboretum’s Master Plan. 


Interpretive Exhibits 
he Manor House will house an ambitious display 

of exhibits that interpret the history of land use in the 
Meramec River Valley. The Garden is developing the 
exhibits with assistance from the Missouri Depart- 
ment of Conservation, which made a $300,000 
matching grant to support the project. The exhibits 
will illustrate broad environmental and conservation 
themes at the Arboretum while highlighting good land 
management techniques. They are being designed 
and built by the distinguished team of Condit Exhibits 
in association with Jack Unruh, design consultant. 

The exhibits will occupy the four large downstairs 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 


Above: Philip Cotton and David 
Hicks stand in the water tower. 
The arch below will be woe 
as a breezeway. Below: The 
porch, after restoration. 


rooms of the Manor 


highlight human 
use of the land, 
from Native 
Americans to 
European settlers; 


=I 


wildlife; and 
sustaining biodiversity. Great care is being taken to 
keep the exhibits in harmony with the Manor House 
and its beautiful natural setting, to emphasize the 
connection between the Manor House and the land. 


Archeological Survey 

An exploration of prehistoric sites at the Arbore- 
tum may yield exciting displays for the Manor House. 
This summer, Joseph L. Harl of the University of 
Missouri-St. Louis will conduct a professional 
exploratory dig at the Arboretum, with student 
assistance, in conjunction with East Central College 
in Union, Missouri. The group will investigate a 
semi-permanent Native American camp site that was 
discovered by Arboretum staff plowing an area 0 
fescue several years ago. The site may date from 8, 000 
to 10,000 B.C. and has already yielded many artifacts 
such as spear points and arrowheads. An earlier 


survey by Harl of the Meramec Valley, including the Arboretum, 
indicated that additional Arboretum sites may also be of interest. 
The results of this summer's dig will be incorporated into the 
interpretive exhibits at the Manor House. 


History of the Manor House 

An old frame house stood on the homestead of Cuthbert 
Swepson Jeffries when his daughter Virginia and her husband 
Thomas W. B. Crews moved there during the Civil War. Crews, a 
colonel in the Confederate army, became a successful lawyer and 
prosperous farmer, and in 1879 he built the magnificent Manor 
House on the site for his wife and their seven children. The old 
frame house was replaced with a similar structure that served as 
the kitchen and servants’ quarters. 

e Manor House, built in the Palladian style with a Victorian 
accent, had a modern bathroom on each floor, supplied by a 
water tower located between the house and the kitchen wing. 
Tall double hung sash windows with curved tops slide up into 
concealed openings to provide cooling ventilation to the tal 
central hallway, and door transoms add cross ventilation. Skillful 
decorative brick- 
work, marble 
mantlepieces, and 
exquisite crafts- 
manship b 
woodworkers gave 
elegance to the 

ouse. 


Renovations 

In 1925 the 
Garden purchased 
the Shaw Arbore- 
tum acreage in 
Franklin County, 
which included the 
former Crews 
property. The Manor House has been well maintained through 
the years, retaining its original windows, shutters and flooring, 
and was used by several former Garden directors as a summer 
residence. Renovations to permit its use by the public include 
adding a graded path for wheelchair access, exhibit lighting, air 
conditioning and heating systems, and remodelling the upstairs 
rooms for office space. Restrooms and a small kitchen facility 
will be installed in the frame portion of the House. 

The renovations at the Manor House are being supervised by 
David L. Hicks, the Arboretum carpenter, in consultation with W. 
Philip Cotton, Jr., an architect noted for his work on historical 
projects. Mr. Cotton, a native of Columbia, Missouri, graduated 
from Princeton and earned his M. Arch. degree from the Graduate 
School of Design at Harvard. He supervised the restoration of the 
Mark Twain Boyhood Home in Hannibal, the Jefferson Landing in 
Jefferson City, several projects in Tower Grove Park, and many 
others in the state, including the Museum Building at the Garden 
(see page 16). Cotton has received the Flora Place Award and the 
1991 Rozier Award from the Missouri Heritage Trust for his work 
in historic preservation. 

“It is important to be sensitive and creative in fitting mechani- 
cal and electrical systems into historic buildings with minimum 
impact,” Cotton said. “The Manor House is well suited for use as 


From left: John Behrer, Bill Wolverton, and 
Phil Cotton inspect the site for the aquatic 
plants portion of the water treatment system. 


a public facility, and fortunately the earlier renovations and 
maintenance have been well done. For example, the electrical 
conduits installed many years ago are perfectly adequate for the 
larger systems we need to put in now, which saves a lot of wear 
and tear. The floors are solid, although we have to add some 
reinforcement to accommodate the numbers of people who will 
be using the House. Much of the material we’re using has been 
salvaged from old buildings in the area, which not only ensures 
authenticity, but helps with the recycling effort.” 


Environmental Water Treatment 

In keeping with the Arboretum’s emphasis on environmentally 
sound conservation practices, the Manor House will have some 
exciting and innovative features. Wastewater from the restrooms 
and kitchen will be recycled for irrigation and returned purifie 
to the natural water supply, using an aquatic plant system 
developed by Dr. B. C. Wolverton. 

For 25 years Dr. Wolverton, formerly a scientist with NASA, 
has directed research on the use of plants and microorganisms for 
treating sewage and industrial wastewater. He pioneered the use 
of plants for indoor air pollution abatement and has supervised 
aquatic wastewater purification systems for communities 
throughout the United States. 

“These systems not only work well for rural areas and small 
municipalities, they are much cheaper to build and maintain than 
conventional water treatment plants,” said Dr. Wolverton. John 
Behrer, manager of Shaw Arboretum, pointed out that the facility 
at the Manor House would serve as an educational display as well. 
Wastewater will be led from the House to a holding tank to an 
outdoor field, where plants and the microorganisms associated 
with their root systems will break down and remove organic 
chemicals. “This is proven technology that is safe, effective, 
inexpensive, and odorless,” said Behrer. “We are glad to be able 
to introduce it in such a visible way.” 


Geothermal Heating 
The Manor House will also benefit from the use of geothermal 

heat pumps for its heating and cooling systems. Geothermal 
systems utilize the natural solar energy absorbed by the ground, 
which keeps soils at a certain depth at a constant temperature of 
approximately 52 degrees F. regardless of the season. Burying a 
closed loop system of pipes in the ground and circulating water 
through it allows for extremely efficient heating in winter and 
cooling in summer. “This technology is not new,” said Behrer. 

PT me “Although the up-front costs are higher 

$5.2 than for conventional systems, they will 
pay for themselves in time. With 
heating, cooling, and water heating 
consuming over 50 percent of home 
energy use in the United States and 
Canada, geothermal systems offer 
significant longterm benefits.” 


Opening 

Renovations are currently underway 
at the Manor House and are scheduled 
to be finished in late 1995. The 
exhibits are being designed, and 
installation will take place when the 
renovations are complete. 3 


I! 


David Hicks stands in 
one of the windows in 
the upper hall. 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 J. 


eee ee 


The 
Ruth 
Palmer 
Blanke 
Boxwood 
Garden 


An architect’s 


rendering of the new 
Boxwood 


A NAMING GIFT from Mrs. Albert G. Blanke, Jr. has 
enabled construction to begin this year on the Box- 
wood Garden. Ruth Palmer Blanke chose the quotation 
from Voltaire’s Candide “II faut cultiver notre jardin” 
to be engraved in the stones set in the paving at the 
entrance to the new garden named in her honor. 

“We must cultivate our gardens,” said Candide. “You 
are perfectly right,” said Pangloss. “When man was put 
into the Garden of Eden he was put there so that he 
should work it. This proves that man was not born to 
take his ease.” 

The selection of this message by Mrs. Blanke for the 
dedication of this garden is appropriate on several lev- 
els. Clearly, it reflects the creed that she follows in her 
daily life as she tends the gardens at her home in St. 
Louis, Hobe Sound, and New York. A deeper meaning 
of this message is to see “cultivation” synonymous with 
“enrich”. Ruth and her late husband, Bert, have en- 
riched the community and the Missouri Botanical 
Garden through their generous financial support over 
many years. Another interpretation of this quotation is 
to see “gardens” synonymous eZ Va ae, 
with “life”. 4 
generosity enriches her life and 
ours. 

Dr. Raven remarked, “We are 
absolutely delighted that Ruth 


and magnificent 
addition to our display program, 
and it is indeed fitting that it 
memorializes such a great friend 


Charles Freeman at 


The entrance to the 1.6-acre garden is a small con- 
tained court, the main feature of which is a bronze 
sculpture of a swan nestling in a bulrush and cattail 
marsh. This piece was fabricated by sculptor Jeff Schiff 
of Winthrop, Massachusetts. A garden bench is also 
provided, and the entire entrance is surrounded by tall 
brick walls. There are glimpses out through window 
openings to the core of the garden, but the full extent of 
the design is hidden from view. The entry walk winds 
around to the north between brick walls, screened from 
the main garden by vine-covered trellises. The walk is 
flanked by boxwood and perennial borders displaying 
part of the Garden’s collection of boxwood. 

At the center of the garden is a formal oval boxwood 
parterre. The pattern of the parterre forms the initials 
of Henry Shaw and the design is infilled with ground 
covers and flowers. 

To complement the formality of the oval parterre, 
the designers of the Boxwood Garden have surrounded 
the clipped and manicured oval with boxwood borders, 
informally planted to show off the collection and to 

x provide a framework for the gar- 
den. These will be allowed to 
grow naturally to display their 
form. The taller box will be 
used in combination with other 
plants to screen the garden from 
the surrounding gardens and to 
give the center of the garden a 
feeling of peace and solitude. 

When the visitor reaches the 
main axis of the garden, the full 
design is finally revealed. At 
the far end of the garden is a 


of the St. Louis community.” 


©. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1994 


From left: Doug McCarthy, Ruth Blanke, and 


&@racn, 


pattern of fountains with ran- 
dom jets leaping into the air and 
arching over the paths, inter- 
spersed with round pools o 
water with continuously play- 
ing vertical jets of water. The 
leap frog jets can be set to create 
all sorts of different patterns. 
Behind the fountains is a low 
brick retaining wall topped with 
urns of flowers. This wall serves 
to nestle the garden into the ex- 
isting mound on the site setting 
it off from the Japanese Garden 
beyond. 

The main walk continues 
around to the east side of the 
garden, leading to a pavilion that 
sits up on a small mound over- 
looking the pattern of the 
garden. The pavilion will be 
paved with blue stone and fur- 
nished with small tables and 
chairs, a quiet place to sit in the 
shade and enjoy the view. 

A secondary lawn path winds 


out from the pavilion to the north and into an area 
for additional boxwood borders. These borders 
have been laid out in informal flowing beds sur- 
rounded by lawn. There are benches tucked into 
this area, a good place to get out of the main flow 
and study the plants. In addition, a path has been 
provided from the pavilion to link the Boxwood 
and the English Woodland Garden. 

Mrs. Blanke has been an active participant in 
the design phase and reports that she is thrilled 
with the architectural and horticultural plans. 
“They have included everything that I love to have 
in my own gardens. Best of all, the garden staff 
will tend it while we enjoy it.” 


Boxwood Society Celebrates 25 Years 


ON Marcu 28, 1994, the Boxwood Society of 
the Midwest celebrated its 25th anniversary at its 
annual meeting at the Garden. For the past quar- 
ter century the group has met every Wednesday 
from April through October to help maintain the 
Garden’s boxwood collection. Today their num- 
bers include members from all over the United 
States, who enjoy an annual newsletter edited by 
Mary Gamble. In honor of their anniversary, the 
members of the Boxwood Society gave the Horti- 
culture Division a four-volume set of The New 
Royal Horticulture Society Dictionary of Gardening, 
in tribute to the memory of the Society’s mentor, 
Dr. Edgar Anderson. 

The late Dr. Anderson, a former director of the 
Garden, was a botanist whose distinguished career 
included service to the Arnold Arboretum of 
Harvard University, Washington University and 


Society, which evolved into the Boxwood Society 
of the Midwest. 

In 1934 Dr. Anderson visited the Balkans to 
collect boxwood cuttings and seedlings that he 
hoped would prove hardy in the midwestern U. S., 
where Buxus is notoriously difficult to grow. Buxus 
sempervirens ‘Varder Valley’, a variety from a re- 
gion where the climate is identical to that of St. 
Louis, proved to be particularly successful. A 
number of plants grown from Anderson’s speci- 
mens remain on display at the Garden and at Shaw 
Arboretum, where visitors can see how different 
varieties come through our harsh winters and hot 
summers. 

The Garden’s Boxwood Nursery is temporarily 
located on the west side of the Garden behind the 
Kemper Center. With the creation of the Ruth 
Palmer Blanke Boxwood Garden, these beautiful 
plants will at last have a proper setting. Thanks to 
the devoted efforts of the Boxwood Society, the 
tradition of growing boxwood in the Midwest is 
thriving. 


on 
= 
> 
= 
—— 
oO 


New Streambed Takes Shape 


LANDSCAPE DESIGNERS Karl Pettit, above left, and Matt Moynihan are shown 
supervising placement of limestone boulders in the streambed constructed 
this spring in the English Woodland Garden. The new brook is an extension 
of the existing stream that empties into the Japanese Garden. Pettit worked 
with the late Koichi Kawana, designer of Seiwa-En, during construction of 
the Japanese Garden, which was dedicated in 1977. 

More than 400 limestone boulders of various sizes were installed along a 
220-foot concrete liner. The stones are from the Casper Farm of Jonesburg, 
Missouri, who supplied the stones for the two waterfalls and streams in 
Seiwa-En. 

The new stream was designed by Environmental Planning and Design of 
Pittsburgh as a low-volume, gently bubbling brook, two to three feet wide, 
flowing from a pool at the east end of the Woodland Garden. The stones 
were carefully placed to look entirely natural, concealing the concrete liner 
and extending into the surrounding landscaping. 

Pettit, now with the Hillier Group of Philadelphia, formerly worked for 
Mackey Mitchell Associates of St. Louis, designers of many of the Garden’s 
most beautiful features. Moynihan & Associates of St. Louis supervised the 
placement of the stones in the new steambed. 


CLIFF WILLI 


(i eo bf Ee ~S 
Access — People with disabilities will find the 
English Woodland Garden easy to enjoy thanks to new paved paths. Here two 
visitors enjoy the new bog area established this spring at the south end of the 
English Woodland Garden. The bog features a quiet pool surrounded by plants 
that thrive in wet soils or aquatic habitats. The English Woodland Garden has 
been supported in part for many years by family and friends in memory of 
Adelaide La Beaume Cherbonnier and Edward Cherbonnier. 

BULLETIN JULY /AUGUST 1994 


~ 


ee 2 _—_——__ 


PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN 
UPDATE 


Million 
Dollar 
Donors 
Support 
Research 
facility 


f # PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN, 
the Garden’s capital fund drive, 
has moved closer to its goal 
thanks to major support from 
four local corporations. The 
centerpiece of the campaign is 
the new research building, 
which will provide urgently 
needed space for the Garden’s 
research activities, herbarium, 
and library. Other components 
of the campaign are 26 outdoor 
demonstration and display gar- 
dens that will complete the 
Kemper Center for Home Gar- 
dening and surrounding areas: 
the renovation of the historic 
Manor House at Shaw Arbore- 
tum as a display facility; 
completing permanent educa- 
tional exhibits for the Brookings 
Interpretive Center: acquiring a 
historic set of Chinese botanical 
specimens; and renovating the 
1849 townhouse at the Garden 
as an administrative facility. 


Emerson Electric Co. 
Supports New 
Conservation Center 

In addition to the campaign 
components above is the 
Emerson Electric Co. Conser- 


vation Center, which opened in 
June, 1993 as the headquarters 
for the Garden’s programs in 
public and conservation horti- 
culture and the Gateway to 
Gardening Association, an im- 
portant community partner. 
The majority of a $1 million gift 
from Emerson Electric Co. to 
the Partnership Campaign 
capped fund raising for the 
building and provided the nam- 
ing gift. This contribution was 
also significant in that it allowed 
the Garden to complete a 
$500,000 challenge grant from 
The Kresge Foundation for the 
roject. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven observed, 

“This energy-efficient, cost-sav- 
ing structure permits us to bring 
staff together with their local, 
national, and international col- 
leagues working in the critical 
areas of conservation and com- 
munity greening. We ar 
thrilled that the Emerson Elec- 
tric Co. has allowed us to 
acknowledge their ongoing gen- 
erosity to the Garden in this 
Way.” 
Charles F. Knight, chairman 
and chief executive officer of 
Emerson Electric Co., said, “The 
Partnership Campaign, and the 
new conservation center in par- 
ticular, are very important to the 
future of the Garden and of St. 
Louis. The Garden’s mission to 
promote the understanding of 
plants in the environment is cru- 
cial, and we are delighted to 
support it in this meaningful 
way 


m 


Monsanto Fund Makes 
Lead Gift 

Through a pledge of $1 mil- 
lion, Monsanto Fund has made 
the lead gift toward the construc- 
tion of the new headquarters for 
the Garden’s research program. 
The $1 million contribution was 
the first designated for the 
project. 

Monsanto Fund is the phil- 
anthropic arm of Monsanto 
Company, an international cor- 
poration headquartered in St. 


3. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1994 


Louis. This gift continues a 
tradition of more than three de- 
cades of generous support by 
Monsanto for the Garden. In 
that time, approximately $3.5 
million has been contributed by 
the Fund and the Company for 
special projects, research efforts, 
and in the form of employee 
matching gifts. Two features at 
the Garden have been named in 
honor of past significant dona- 
tions: Monsanto Hall, the large, 
barrel-vaulted space in the 
Ridgway Center, and the 
Monsanto Gallery, the main ex- 
hibit hall in the William T. 
Kemper Center for Home Gar- 
dening. 

Dr. John L. Mason, president 
of Monsanto Fund, said, “This 
grant represents our continued 
support of the Garden’s excel- 
lence in providing leading 
technology in support of envi- 
ronmental projects critical to our 
quality of life.” 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, 
said, “It is my very special plea- 
sure to acknowledge this latest 
generous gift from Monsanto 
Fund, in light of our long and 
close relationship based on mu- 
tual efforts to promote the 
proper and beneficial use of 
plants to society, and thus our 
mutual concern for conservation 
of species and habitats.” 


The May Department 
Stores Company 

A $1 million contribution 
from The May Department 
Stores Company and its Famous- 
Barr, Lord & Taylor, and Payless 
ShoeSource stores has brought 
the Garden's capital fund drive 
to more than half of its $29.5 
million goal. May Company’s 
contribution will help fund the 
new headquarters for the 
Garden’s research division. 

In announcing the $] mil- 
lion dollar gift, May Company’s 
chairman and chief executive 
officer David C. Farrell said, “We 
are very pleased to continue our 
support of the Missouri Botani- 
cal Garden through this 


Partnership Campaign. In ad- 
dition to serving the St. Louis 
area, the Garden provides inter- 
national leadership in the 
conservation of plant species and 
furthering an understanding of 
natural habitats. The new facil- 
ity for research will enhance the 
Garden’s efforts.” 

Dr. Peter H. Raven com- 
mented, “It is with profound 
pleasure that we announce this 
wonderful contribution. The 
May Company’s investment in 
our research work is very grati- 
fying, and we are dee ly 
appreciative of their support.” 


The Anheuser-Busch 
Foundation 

The Anheuser-Busch Foun- 
dation is donating $1 million, 
payable over seven years, to 
the Partnership Campaign. 
“Anheuser-Busch has long been 
a good friend of the Garden, and 
this generous donation is yet 
another example of the impor- 
tant role the company plays in 
our community,” said Dr. Peter 
H. Raven. 

August A. Busch III, chair- 
man of the board and president 
of Anheuser-Busch Companies, 
Inc., said, “We are proud to be 
able to assist in keeping this St. 
Louis institution a leader in the 
world’s research on biological 
diversity. This work is impor- 
tant to us and also to future 
generations.” 

Anheuser-Busch Companies, 
Inc., and its charitable founda- 
tions have demonstrated 
commitment to education and 
the environment with contribu- 
tions of more than $28 million 
to nonprofit organizations dur- 
ing 1993. The donations 
typically are made to support a 
wide range of activities in com- 
munities where the company 
operates major facilities. In ad- 
dition, contributions are made 
throughout the country to as- 
sist in minority development and 
to fund alcoholism research and 
programs to combat alcohol 
abuse. 


ENVIRONMENT 
Department of Natural Resources 
Supports New Composting Facility 


THE Missouri Department of Natural 
Resources (DNR) has provided support for 
the Garden’s new Home and Small Scale 
Municipal Compost Demonstration Site, a 
facility under construction this summer just 
north of the Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening. 

“The Garden has been a leader in public 
education about composting in the state,” 
said Dr. Steven D. Cline, manager of the 
Kemper Center. “With Missouri now ban- 
ning yard waste from landfills, composting 
for homeowners and small municipalities is 
more important than ever. The generous 
support from the Department of Natural 
Resources will allow us to expand our fa- 
cilities for educating the public and improve 
the Garden’s own composting program.” 

991 the Garden began the Master 
Composter Program, “is alg by 


Shown in the Climatron with John MacDougal, MBG conservatory 
manager (right), are Christine Hoffman and Ron Lance of INCA. 


Visitors FROM NortH CAROLINA ARBORETUM — This past 
spring the Garden participated in a series of staff exchanges 


Monsanto Fund. To date the program has 
trained 100 volunteer instructors who have 
in turn lectured to more than 5,000 citizens 
about yard waste management; has estab- 
lished five demonstration sites in 
conjunction with St. Louis County Depart- 
ment of Parks; and implemented a hotline 
to answer questions by telephone. With 
continuing support from Monsanto Fund, 
the Master Composters develop programs 
with schools, train more volunteer instruc- 
tors, and are expanding their compost bin 
distribution program 
DNR grant wil allow the Garden to 
beild a public demonstration area on the 
one-third acre site currently used for 
composting waste generated on the grounds. 
Because the Garden’s 79 acres produce a 
high volume of yard waste, the new facility 
will present techniques for managers of small 
municipal compost sites as well as training 
for homeowners. Interpretive signs and 
model backyard composting units will be 
displayed on the site. 
In —— the DNR foe will re 


the Garden’s Adult Education Program to 
offer five new courses dealing with 
composting and landscaping to minimize 
yard waste, in both spring and fall, plus two 
workshops for managers of municipal 
composting sites of less than two acres. All 
classes will utilize the new facility. 

Finally, the Garden will be able to ex- 
pand its “Hortline” touch tone telephone 
service for the public. The 24-hour service 
will add four new phone lines to provide 
easy access to recorded information on yard 
waste management and a variety of envi- 
ronmental issues including recycling of 
ei cardboard, glass, automotive oil, and 


# 


an are excited about the new facility 


for the public,” s 
that we all become more knowledgeable 
about ways to reduce the amount of waste 
in our landfills. This support from the Mis- 
souri DNR will help us to continue to take a 
lead in educating people about these is- 
sues,” 


Lance, nursery and greenhouse management, to the Garden. 
“These kinds of professions! exchanges are helpful and a good 
experience for all of us,” said Dr. Shannon Smith, MBG 
director of horticulture. 


with the North Carolina Arboretum (TNCA) of Asheville, 
North Carolina, under a grant from the Institute of Museum 
Services, a Federal agency. TNCA, a participating institution 
of the Center for Plant Conservation, was one of seve 
organizations that received the IMS Leadership Initiatives 
Awards. 

“The project will establish a national model for strategic 
mentoring that fosters collaboration and management 
support,”said George Briggs, executive director of TNCA. “It 
will be especially valuable to us in our role as mentor to small 
gardens...in rural areas where access to management insight 
is limited or nonexistent.” 

Michael Olson, the Garden’s controller, and Tina Pey, MBG 
panies visited INCA earlier this year. In April, TNCA 

nt Eden Foster, education, Christine Hoffman and Ron 


Crines— GARDEN STONES SELECTED — Lei Li, senior land- 
scape architect and chief engineer for the Nanjing Municipal 
Bureau of Urban Parks and Open Space Administration (third 
from left), visited St. Louis in May to consult on plans for the 
new Chinese Garden. Together with Garden staff and Yong 
Pan, the architect for the project, Madame Lei visited SEMCO 
Distribution Company in Perryville, Missouri, to select 
boulders to be used in the landscaping. Portions of the 
Chinese Garden will be constructed at the Garden in coming 
months with support from Nanjing, China, a sister city of St. 
Louis. Shown at Perryville are (from left): Yong Pan; Paul 
Brockmann, MBG director of general services; Lei Li; 
a7 Flora of China project; Ziping Cen, a horticulture intern 
t MBG, formerly a horticulturist at the Shanghai Botanical 
pete and Kevin Thieret o ey 
ULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1994 9. 


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CLIFF WILLIS 


ening 


Home Gard. 


10. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1994 


HONEYBEES: WORLD CHAMPION POLLINATORS 


THE ASTOUNDING SUCCESS of 
the flowering plants that we 
see today is the result of their 
ability to form mutually 
beneficial relationships with 
insects. For hundreds of 
thousands of years, plants and 
insects have been shaping each 
other to such a degree that 
today some plants are totally 
dependent on only one species 
of insect for their survival. 

The honeybee, Missouri’s 
state insect, has evolved to 
become the world champion 
pollinator and pollen collector. 
Flowering plants provide food 


for the honeybee in the form of 


pollen and nectar; the bees 
spread pollen among the 
flowers they visit, allowing the 
plants to produce seed and 
secure the next generation. 
Honeybees tend to confine 
their attention to one flower 


species during a single foraging 


trip, but they move from plant 
to plant, favoring cross- 
pollination. Cross-pollination 
results in greater genetic 
variation, which can mean 
stronger, more vigorous plants. 


Crops and Flowers 
About 15 percent of the 

cultivated food plants in the 

U.S. depend upon or benefit 


attract honeybees to the home 
landscape are salvias, snap- 
dragons, bee balms, 
sunflowers, candytufts, 
lantanas, allysum, cosmos and 
foxgloves. Bees are also 
attracted to the fragrance of 
herbs such as lavender, 
rosemary, and thyme. 


Shape and Color 

Bee-pollinated flowers tend 
to be brightly colored blues 
and yellows. Bees see red as 
gray or as an absence of color; 
bees who are visiting a red 
flower are probably seeing 
ultraviolet markings invisible 
to us which serve as directional 
pointers to the source of the 
nectar. 

Flower shape and color 
guide bees from a distance, and 
scent provides the stimulus to 
alight. Bees are attracted to the 


¢ | blooms with the highest sugar 


concentration; nectar with a 
high water content is not 
worth the energy spent to 
collect it. 


The Honeybee Colony 
A colony of honeybees 
consists of several thousand 

workers, a few hundred 
drones, anda single queen. 
The survival of the colony 
depends on the labor of 
individual bees. 


An external entrance 
to the hive allows the 
bees to visit 
flowering plants in 
the area. 


A colony of Italian honeybees, Apis mellifera ligustica, 
were chosen for their gentle nature and took perma- 


The queen’s sole purpose in 
life is to lay eggs. A queen will 
lay an average of 1,500 eggs 
per day during the summer, 
and from 175,000-200,000 per 
year. Fertilized eggs become 
workers or queens, and 
unfertilized eggs become 
drones. Drones are the males, 
and they are maintained in a 
hive for the sole purpose of 
mating with a queen, after 
which they die. 

Worker bees are aptly 
named, as they are responsible 
for most of the maintenance 
chores in the hive. Young 
worker bees develop wax 
glands in their heads used for 
sealing cells and building 
comb. 

Older worker bees receive 
pollen and nectar from 
foraging bees. The nectar, 
stored in their honey-stom- 
achs, is passed from bee to bee. 
During this process, an enzyme 
is added to the condensed 
nectar, converting it to honey. 
A good colony will produce 
about 60 pounds of honey to 
feed the colony in winter and 
approximately 50-100 pounds 
of surplus honey for the 
beekeeper. 

When the worker bees are 
about three weeks old, they 
will begin to forage. Bees 
forage for pollen, nectar, water 
and plant resins used to plug 
or reduce openings in the hive. 
Water is used to cool the hive 
and dilute the honey con- 
sumed by bees. Pollen is 
mostly used to feed immature 

bees. 


Threats to the Honeybee 
Population 

Beekeepers have noted that 
the size and diversity of bee 
populations are diminishing, 
adversely affecting crop 
pollination. One likely reason 
is the loss of nesting places and 
wild nectar plants to provide 
pollen sources. 

Today one of the major 
threats to beekeeping in the 
US. is from herbicides sprayed 


on wild plants and pesticides 
sprayed on food or textile 
crops. In many states where 
agriculture is big business, it 
has become virtually impos- 
sible to keep bees because of 
aerial spraying of pesticides. 
If beekeepers are given 
advance warning, they can 
close down the hives the night 
before and keep bees out of the 
field or orchard for 24 hours, 
which allows most of the 
chemicals time to break down. 
In the home garden, use spray 
applications instead of dusts 
and apply when plants are not 
in bloom or late in the day 
when the bees are not out. Be 
certain to use insecticides less 
toxic to bees and with a short 
residual time whenever 


possible. — Katie Belisle, 
Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening 


Hortline Answers Your 
Gardening Questions 24 
Hours a Day! 


You don’t have to wait 

to get through to the 
Horticultural Answer 
Service—Hortline can 
answer your gardening 
questions any time of 

the day or night. All you 
need is a touch tone 
phone and a brochure 
listing the hundreds of 
topics recorded on 
Hortline. Recorded mes- 
sages produced by the 
Garden provide a wealth 
of information on all 
gardening topics — just a 
phone call away! To pick 
up a brochure, stop in the 
Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening between 10 a.m. 
and 4 p.m. daily, or call 
(314) 577-9440. If pos- 
sible, please send us a 
self-addressed, stamped 
envelope. We will be happy 
to mail a Hortline brochure 
to you. 


St € Pe ew SBS & t.P 


The Garden has several telephone services 
available to assist you. 


GardenLine 


= T 


577-9400 


a ak Pe Ohntca P| 


hours i 
314, calll-800-642-8842toll free, 24 hours a day. 


Horticultural Answer Service (314)577-5143 
Monday through Friday, 9:00 a.m. tonoon, Master 
Gardeners are on hand to answer your gardening 
questions. 


HortLine (314) 776-5522 
24-hour recorded gardening information is avail- 
able with a touch tone telephone. You will need a 
brochure listing the hundreds of HortLine topics 
in order to use the service; you may request a 
brochure by calling the Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening at (314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 
daily. Plants in Bloom at the Garden is updated 
weekly. Press 3 when you call HortLine. 


Master Composter Hotline (314) 577-9555 
9:00 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. 
Specially trained Master Gardeners are on hand to 
answer your questions about yard waste manage- 
ment techniques. After hours leave a message and 
your call will be returned. The Master Composter 
program is supported by the Monsanto Fund. 


The William T. Kemper 
| Center for Home Gardening 
| is open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 


oe daily. 
| 


for th the 


Home — The Plant Doctor is avail- 
on 


able at the Kemper Center 
| for walk-in consultations 
| from 10 a.m. to noon and 1 
| to 3 p.m. Monday through 
Saturday. 


| Admission to the Kemper 


. | information on classes and 


ates 3 = | activities at the Center, 
sa Ke AP ‘1 ike Kiva % vy * i! | 
my By WaNite: % please refer to the Adult 


Education brochure mailed 


to all members, or call 


— 


Miss eae ri 577-9440. 
Y. Botanica 
Garden 
BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 11. 


Kids in Bloom — July Is july 11 monday 
Children’s Month at the Garden Kids in Bloom: 


Enjoy a variety of events planned especially Once Upon a Time 
for children and their families throughout 
the month of July. All Kids in Bloom 
activities are free with Garden admission 
unless otherwise noted. Admission to the 
Garden is always free for children age 12 
and under. For information on any Kids in 
Bloom activity, call 577-5125. 


july 21 thursday 
Kids in Bloom 

Film Festival: 
10 a.m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway “Snow White and the 
Center and grounds. Fair 


y » 
tales, legends, myths, tall tales, Seven D warfs 
and music from storytellers, See July 7 for details. 
children’s theater companies, 
and musicians for a day of 


july 23 saturday 


july 1 — august 1 


imaginative entertainment. 
Performers include TV’s 
Annette Harrison and 
Chicago’s Child’s Play Theater. 


Kids in Bloom: 


Puppets Galore! 
10 a.m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway 


Operation Brightside Exhibit 

9 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily, Ridgway Center. 
Third and fourth graders from the St. 
Louis area have cleaned up the litter from 
around their schools and used it to create 
works of art. 


Center and grounds. The day 
begins with a puppet parade 
across the Garden and contin- 
ues with performances by some 
of the nation’s best puppet 
companies. 


: aS 


july 14 thursday 
Kids in Bloom 
Film Festival: 


“Babes in Toyland” 
See July 7 for details. 


Calendar 


july 7 thursday 
Kids in Bloom: 
Grandparents’ Day 


9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Free admission and free 
MoBot Express Tram rides for grandpar- 
ents accompanied by their grandchildren. 


Kids in Bloom Film Festival: 
“Aladdin” 
11 a.m., 1:30 and 7 p-m., Shoenberg 
Auditorium. Featuring a different film 
every Thursday aia: Seating is limited. Henry Shaw Cactus 
All seats are $1.50. Society Show 

Conk 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, 
Orthwein Floral Display Hall. 
The 49th annual show and 
plant sale features a wonderful 
array of cactuses and succu- 
lents, including selections from 
the MBG Desert House, which 
has been closed. Free with 
Garden admission. 


july 16 saturday 
Kids in Bloom: 


Bee Demonstrations 
See July 9 for details. 


july 16 - 24 


saturday - sunday july 23 saturday 


Kids in Bloom: 
Nature Masks 


10 a.m. to 3 p.m., Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. 
Be a part of the Puppets Galore 
Celebration! Stop in at the 
Kemper Center and make a 
mask out of natural materials 
collected at the Garden. 


july 24 sunday 
Kids in Bloom: Henry 
Shaw’ Birthday Party 


10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Celebrate i 
194th birthday of the Gardens 
founder Henry Shaw as 
WFUN-AM radio broadcasts 
live from the Garden. Must- 
cians and storytellers, the 


july 9 saturday # 
Kids in Bloom: 
Bee Demonstrations 
10:30 and 11:30 a.m.; 1:30 and 2:30 p.m. 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening. Did 
you know that a queen bee will lay an 
average of 1,500 eggs a day? Or that bees ini 
ee : me them find food? Come see esol enic 
what all the buzz is about at the Kem et 
per ; ing Maze, and Henry 
Center’s new observation beehive. Experi- enter tor Home evening. peal elf will be on hand 
Master Gardeners provide on- a inment 
the-spot identification of plants. for fun and ent ae 


july 18 monday 


more interesting facts about Missouri’ 


State insect, the honeybee. 


and diagnosis of pests and 


| problems. Free with Garden 
admission. 
o, 
12. BuLtETin JULY / AUGUST 1994 


Birthday cake will be served at 
1 p.m. 


july 27 wednesday 
“I Love Eating” Class 


11 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. Today's topic: “The 
Miracles of Antioxidants...Eating Your 
Way to Health and Beauty.” Let nutrition 
experts take you through the pro’s and 
con’s, and savor recipes naturally rich in 
antioxidants. Sponsored by the Garden in 
conjunction with the American Heart 
Association and the Missouri Soybean 
Merchandising Council. Classes and 
admission are free, but reservations are 
required: please call 45-HEART or 1-800- 
255-9919 to register. 


july 28 thursday 
Kids in Bloom Film Festival: 


“Who Framed Roger Rabbit?” 
See July 7 for details. 


july 29 friday 
Kids in Bloom: 
A Child’ Japanese Festival 


10 a.m. to 4 p.m., Ridgway Center and 
grounds. Give children an introduction to 
Japanese culture with music, arts & crafts, 
food, and tours of Seiwa-En, the Japanese 
Garden. 


july 30 saturday 


Kids in Bloom: Terrariums 
.m., Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. Create your own 
miniature botanical garden under glass! 
Visit the Kemper Center and make a 
terrarium to take home and enjoy. 


july 31 sunday 


Iris Rhizome Sale 

11 a.m. to 5 p.m., Ridgway Center. The 
Greater St. Louis Iris Society holds its 
annual sale of surplus rhizomes from irises 
grown at the Garden. All proceeds benefit 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. Come 
early for best selection! 


august 1 monday 


Plant Clinic 
See July 18 for details. 


august 15 monday 


Plant Clinic 
See July 18 for details. 


august 29 monday 

Slide Presentation: 
“Treasures from the 
Kingdom of Fungi” 
7:30 p.m., Shoenberg Audito- 
rium. Join photographer 
Taylor F. Lockwood of 
Mendocino, California, for a 
new perspective on the natural 
world through the beauty and 
diversity of mushrooms and 
other fungi. This program of 
stunningly beautiful photo- 
graphs, cosponsored by the 
Garden and the Missouri 
Mycological Society, has been 
acclaimed by the Audubon 
Society and the Sierra Club. $3 
per person, at the door. 


Plant Clinic 
See July 18 for details. 


september 3 -— 5 
saturday - labor day 
20th Annual 


Japanese Festival 
See back cover for details. 


“Best of Missouri” Market 
Sunday, October 9, 1994 


Rural Missouri visits St. Louis! Join us for our 
crowd-pleasing celebration of the best of Missouri 
foods, specialty products, handicrafts, plants, 
music, displays, children’s activities, and more! 
It’s fun for the whole family, all day long. Watch 
for more details in your September Bulletin. 


on a! 
Members’ Days 


july 12 tuesday 
“Dont Let Them Bug You” 


7 p.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Ken Miller, owner 
of The Bug Store, will introduce you to exciting 
methods of chemical-free pest control for lawn and 
garden. Achieve an environmentally friendly garden 
that affirms your commitment to a healthier home 
and community. Drawing for attendance prize. 
Seating is limited. Free, for members only. 


august 6 saturday 
Dawn Photo Walk 


3:10 a.m. Bring your camera, get a cup of compli- 
mentary coffee, and capture your favorite Garden 
scenes at sunrise. Free, for members only. 


every day 
Free Walking Tours 


1 p.m. daily. Meet the Garden Guides at the 
Ridgway Center ticket counter, rain or shine, for a 
fascinating tour of the Garden. Free with regular 
admission. 


wednesdays & saturdays 
Garden Walkers’ Breakfast 


7 a.m., grounds. In cooperation with the American 
Heart Association, the grounds open early every 
Wednesday and Saturday morning to encourage 
fitness walking. Greenhouses open at 9 a.m. 
Breakfast is available for purchase in the 
Gardenview Restaurant, 7 to 10:30 a.m. Admission 
is free on Wednesdays and Saturdays until noon. 


COMING IN OCTOBER 
The Third Annual 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 


A MeEmsBers’ NATuRE ExPEDITION 


Wildflowers and National 
Parks of Southern Chile 


January 7 — 20, 1995 
Co-sponsored by the Missouri Botanical Garden 
and Adventure Travel 


Chile, a safe, friendly and stable country sometimes 
referred to as the Switzerland of Latin America, is a 
land of soaring mountain ranges dotted with spectacu- 
lar snow-capped volcanoes. The trip will be led by 
the Garden’s director of education, Dr. Larry E. 
DeBuhr. Local botanical guides will join the group at 
all points during the trip. 

The trip begins in the capital, Santiago, and travels 
south to Punta Arenas, one of the southernmost cities 
in the world, situated on the shores of the Straights of 
Magellan. In Santiago, visit a private garden and dine 


Members’ Board Achieves Leadership Goal 


Follow the Yellow Brick Road! 


Members are invited to Participate in the Entry Court project on a wide 
variety of gift levels. There area range of naming gifts available, and significant 
gifts can be arranged as pledges of up to five years. 

* For each donation of $300, the Garden will place 
a clay brick engraved with the name of your choice —a 
great way to honor those you love as well as having the 
fun of partipating yourself. 

* Contributions of $1,000 will be recognized with a 
special bronze “brick.” 

* Donors of gifts of $50 or more also will be recog- 
nized in a roster of contributors on a computer kiosk 
that will be placed in the Kemper Center. 

Halfway Mark Is Reached 

As this Bulletin goes to press, individuals on the 
Members’ Board have contributed $124,230 in leader- 
ship gifts for the Entry Court, representing 99.39% of 
the Members’ Board goal of $125,000. The Board has 
challenged Garden members to participate in the spe- 
cial project by contributing an additional $130,000, for 
a total of $255,000 needed to support the naming gift 
for the Entry Court. 

The committee in charge of the drive is chaired by 
James Goggins. Committee members are Mrs. Robert 
Tschudy, Michael W. Cole, Joe J. Curtis, and Mrs. R. 
Hal Dean. The Members’ Board is to be congratulated 
on its leadership and for challenging the members to 
help realize the dream. Watch for re 
progress! 


1 


ports on our 


BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1994 


at traditional Chilean restaurants. At the seaside city 
of Puerto Montt, spend the next several days explor- 
ing the wonders of the spectacular Puyehue National 
Park, Petrohue Water Falls and the Vincent Perez 
Rosales National Park, the most scenic of all of Chile's 
southern natural areas. Explore the gorgeous Los 
Alerces National Park with its striking view of 
Volcano Calbuco. Fly south to Punta Arenas near the 
southern tip of South America and drive across the 
steppes of Patagonia to the Torres del Paine National 
Park. 

The tour includes an optional five-day excursion to 
the legendary and mysterious Easter Island. This 
archaeological enigma, 2000 miles off the coast of 
South America, is covered with more than 600 giant 
stone statues up to 32 feet tall and weighing over 90 
tons. The island, studied for decades, yields more 
questions than answers. 

For more information about this exciting trip, 
please call the Education Division at (314) 577-5140 
or Adventure Travel at (314) 863-7474. 


1993 Annual Report 


The 1993 Annual Report of the Missouri Botanical 
Garden is available on request. To obtain a copy, 
please call (314) 577-5120 or write the Develop- 
ment Office, Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 
299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299. You may 
also pick up a copy in the lobby of the Administra- 
tion Building at 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, or the 
Public Relations Office in the Ridgway Center, 
Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. 


WaALDEMER MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN — “Birds,” a bronze sculpture by Robert 
Lee Walker, is a delightful accent to the landscape near the Lehmann Rose 

- Summertime visitors appreciate the bird-shaped bubbler drinking 
fountains set into the base of Tennessee marble, which make the fountain a 
cool shady oasis on a hot day. A ginkgo tree at the site influenced the 
composition of bird forms in flight. Installed in 1976, the fountain was a 
gift of Mr. and Mrs. Edwin R. Waldemer. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Volunteer Service Recognition 


THE GARDEN honored some of the men and women whose gift of Re 
service makes the Garden what it is at a luncheon in Spink Pavilion 
on April 20, 1994. Dr. Raven paid tribute to all of the Garden's 
hundreds of volunteers, citing the world’s environmental crisis as a 
“clear call to action....Volunteers are at the heart of change and you 


House. 
Dickey 


Paul McCl 


ue As 


Garden Publishes Book 
on Rain Forests 


Exploring the Tropics 


by Glenn E. Kopp, Barbara Addelson, 
Helena Williams Fox, John MacDougal, 
and Sandra Rode 

Missouri Botanical Garden 

Illustrated, 24 pages. $4.00 


THE STAFF of the Garden has teamed up to 
turn its successful series of brochures, “Ex- 
ploring the Tropics,” into an attractive new 
book available in the Garden Gate Sho 
The book is a beautifully illustrated intro- 
duction to the facts and issues concerning 
the world’s tropical forests. Chapters such 
s “Tropical Rain Forest Layers” and “Plant/ 
Animal Interactions” give a clear overview 
of a complex subject for readers of all ages. 


Single copies are available from the Shop, 
and bulk orders are available at a discount 
from the Garden’s Education Division, (314) 
577-5140 


Behind the Scenes 
Patty Arnold Joins 
Development Staff 


A FAMILIAR FACE is back in the Develop- 
ment Division. In May, Patty Arnold joined 
the staff as prospect research coordinator 
for the Partnership Campaign. Patty is well 
known to Garden members and staff; she 


swer Service; Gene Jarvis, Climatron; Nell Menke 
Clara Moult, Garden Gate Shop; and Gloria Schopp, Tower Grove 


Honorees at the luncheon, first row from left: 
Alyce Hildebrandt, Mickey Schreiner, 
Virginia Eschrich, Dorothy Evers, Gene 
Jarvis, Clara Moult, and Sue Wilkerson, 
director of human resource management. 
row, from left: Janet Dickey, Peter 

Raven, Paul McClinton, Si Dietz, Ed 
Gildehaus. Not pictured: Nell Menke, Gloria 
Schopp, Dolly Darigo, Art Eschrich, Celest 
Fleming, June Holtzmann, Virginia Hrevus, 
Jeanette Neuner, Evelyn Schachner, Carolyn 
Ullensvang. 


are wonderfully rey ative of that heart. 
Your sense of obligation and personal at- 
tachment have made you advocates of 
unparalleled importance for the Garden.” 
Honored for 20 years of service were Si 
Dietz and Ed Gildehaus, Horticultural An- 
, Arboretum; 


nized for ten years of service were Dolly Darigo, Janet 
Art Eschrich, Virginia Eschrich, Dorothy Evers, Celest 
Fleming, Alyce Hildebrandt, June Holtzmann, Virginia Hrevus, 
inton, Jeanette Neuner, Evelyn Schachner, 
Schreiner, and Carolyn Ullensvang. 


Mickey 


Volunteers Needed! 


A NUMBER of interesting volunteer posi- 
tions as well as special event volunteer 
assignments are available at the Garden. 
Opportunities currently open are in Horti- 
culture, Education, Research, and the Plant 


data entry, library, horticulture, sales, 
more. Training will be provided. Please 
call the Volunteer Office of Human Resource 
Management at 577-5187 to apply. 


served as the Garden’s coordinator of mem- 
bership services in 1981-84 and as 
coordinator for the Proposition E campaign 
last fall. Patty has been on the Members’ 
Board since 1988 and in 1992 she served as 
its second vice president. 

Patty is a native St. Louisan. She gradu- 
ated with aB.S. from University of Missouri- 
Columbia, and lives in Kirkwood with her 
husband Todd and their three sons. 
delight to be working for the Garden full 
time again,” she said. “The Partnership 
Campaign is a great challenge, and I look 
forward to helping the Garden meet its goals 
for the future.” 

BULLETIN 


“Itisa 


JULY / AUGUST 1994 19. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Be 


HENRY SHAW COMMITTEE 


Keeping the Garden Blooming 


THE 


MEMBERSHIPS, tax support, admissions, and grants provide a large portion of 
the funds for the Garden’s day-to-day operations, and the Henry Shaw 
Committee helps keep the Garden functioning at its current level. This 
group of dedicated members works behind the scenes to solicit gifts from 
individuals and corporations in addition to their regular levels of support and 
to locate and encourage new donors. 

Marcia Kerz, director of development, said, “The Committee’s personal 
approach provides important sources of funds that help to maintain the 
Garden's high level of services and displays. We are deeply grateful for their 
hard work and support.” 


Above: At a recent meeting of the Board of Trustees, the Henry Shaw Committee 
was honored. Shown standing, from left: Pat Ackerman, Chuck Freeman, Mim 
Kittner, John Wallace. Seated, from left: Nora Stern, Doug MacCarthy, Walter 
Stern. Not pictured: Walter Ballinger, Becky Fouke, Carolyn Hager, Judy Lamy, 
Nancy Reed, Kay Wren, Hal Wuertenbaecher. 


Photograph 


THE ARNOLD 
ARBORETUM of 
Harvard University 
has given an 
original 16" x 20" 
framed photograph 
of George 
Engelmann on 
permanent loan to 
the Missouri 
Botanical Garden. Engelmann, a German-born St. Louis physician with 
training in botany, was Henry Shaw’s scientific advisor and was instrumental 


includes research and education along with horticultural displays. In 1857, 
while Engelmann was traveling in Europe, he purchased books and her- 
barium specimens that became the basis for the Garden research program. 


16. BULLETIN JULY / AUGUST 1994 


RENOVATING A Historic BUILDING 
AT THE GARDEN 


Museum Ceiling 
Gets a Face Lift 


THe Museum BUILDING at the Garden was built by 
Henry Shaw at a cost of $25,000 in 1859. Today the 
building, which is usually not open to the public, 
houses the Ewan Collection, a major archive of 
literature on the history of natural science. 

The Museum Building, modelled on the Old 
Museum at Kew Gardens, was designed by George I. 
Barnett, who also designed Tower Grove House. The 
Museum has a beautiful vaulted plaster ceiling with 
paintings attributed to Leon Pomerede. A contempo- 
rary account said, “...probably no such depiction of 
the world’s fauna and flora has ever been brought 
together in such a small space.” 

Last winter the Garden faced the distressing 
possibility that the ceiling might have to be taken 
down. Although the building has been carefully 
maintained, the old plaster was falling away in places, 
posing a hazard, and estimates to restore it were 
beyond the Garden’s means. Fortunately architect 
Phil Cotton, who had recently supervised repointing 
brickwork on the Linnean House, had a solution. 
Cotton recommended the St. Louis firm of Picco and 
Benson, who worked on the ceiling restoration of the 
Shrine of St. Joseph. 

“John Picco and his people used 360 plaster 
anchors screwed into the ceiling joists,” Cotton said. 
“The anchors are invisible from floor level and hold 
the plaster securely. They went over every inch of the 
ceiling, tapping the plaster to find every loose spot. 
We also discovered that about a third of the ceiling 
had been repainted at various times, sometimes 
crudely; the workmen restored the poorly painted 
sections beautifully.” 

Improved lighting was also installed in the 
Museum. Not only is the ceiling preserved for the 
future, the total cost of the project was much less 
expensive than other options. 


; # 
os ee pause 
1CG3g,. 99885 

s72e8"" 
agua” 


Een, 
a 


54 g the iabehadlan of the Museum 
ceiling are (from left): John Picco, with painters John 
Walsh and Buford Heberer. 


\ oy 


Ow th 


£f..1_3: = ih . 
JF 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Garden Staff Works With Students 


DvrinG the 1993-94 school year, eleven students from Mason Investigative Learning 
Center visited the Garden every month to meet with staff “mentors.” Mentoring gives 
students the opportunity to see what the workplace is about and to gain skills and 
confidence to be responsible for their own futures. 

Each student from the middle school met regularly with a Garden staff member 
whose responsibilities matched the students’ career interests. Staff participants were 
chosen from horticulture, education, research, development, and general services. The 
students “shadowed” their mentors, getting the opportunity to observe behind the scenes 
and ask lots of questions. 

Cory Collins, Mason School’s top science project winner and Queeny Park Science 
Fair Divisional Winner, said, “I met new and interesting people and saw how every job 
can be related to one another. They had fascinating jobs like illustration, electrical 
engineers, moss experts, and many more. I got to see things the public is not able to see, 
and got an all-around education about the plants in the Garden. My mentor was great 
because she has a great personality, an interesting job, and I enjoyed talking with her. 
This is a great program and I think it will inspire many in choosing future careers.” 


Mentors and their students had a picnic in Tower Grove Park to celebrate the close of the 
school year. Front row, from left: Amy Haake, Devin Strong, Kiet Tran, Tiffany Caldwell, 
Susan Caine, Ronetta Williams, Ben Chu, Barbara Addelson, Anne Keats Smith. Back row: 
Chris King, Tiffani Edwards, Jerry Chambers, Jamie Robinson, Brett Brooks, Cory Collins, 
Katie Belisle, Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey, Rafael Whitter, Judy Bramble, Erica Lucius, Tina Pey. 


Paul Brockmann Honored ie 
Brockmann has managaged the Division 


of General Services at the Garden since 1976. 
ai ae ae . 


THE International Facility Management As- 
sociation recently awarded the designation 
of Certified Facility Manager to Pau 
Brockmann, director of general services at 
the Garden. This distinction signifies the 
fulfillment of stringent educational and work 
experience requirements, in addition to ca- 
reer achievements that demonstrate 
competence. 


+ 


is 


construction, housekeeping, and security 
operations. Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, 
said, “We are very proud of what Paul does 
for the Garden and enjoy working with him. 
He is an outstanding individual, and I am 
really glad that he has received this recogni- 


tion 


NEWS FROM THE CENTER FOR 
PLANT CONSERVATION 


MacArthur Foundation 
Supports Hawaii Program 


The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur 
Foundation has awarded $280,000 to the 
Center for Plant Conservation (CPC) in sup- 
port of its Hawaii Conservation Program. 
As of 1993, the federal government had 
listed 63 Hawaiian plants as endangered, 
with another 200 plants or more to be listed 
in the future. In 1989, the CPC designated 
Hawaii as one of five U.S. areas of highest 
plant endangerment, with approximately 15 
to 30 percent of all native endangered U.S. 
plants found in the islands. 

“The MacArthur Foundation takes great 
pride in its ability to fund such a worth- 
while and necessary endeavor as the Hawaii 
Conservation Program” said Dr. Dan M. 
Martin, director of World Environment and 
Resource Programs for The MacArthur 
Foundation. 

The CPC, headquartered in St. Louis at 
the Missouri Botanical Garden, is the only 
national organization dedicated exclusively 
to the study and preservation of America’s 
rarest plants and to educating the pubic 
about them. The CPC maintains a living 
collection of more than 450 of America’s 
most endangered plants within a network 
of 25 botanical gardens and arboreta across 
the country. 

Funds provided by the MacArthur Foun- 
dation will aid the CPC Hawaii program 
office located at the Bishop Museum in Ho- 
nolulu and support the conservation, 
educational and research activities of the 
Center's five participating gardens in Ha- 
waii: The Amy Greenwell 
Ethonobotanical Garden in Captain Cook, 
Hawaii Island; Harold L. Lyon Arboretum 
in Honolulu; Honolulu Botanical Gardens, 
headquartered in Honolulu; National Tropi- 
cal Botanical Garden in Lawai, Kauai; and 
Waimea Arboretum and Botanical Garden 
in Haleiwa, Oahu. 

“The conservation crisis in Hawaii can- 
not be overstated,” — Dr. Brien A. Meilleur, 
president of CPC. e CPC is very grate- 
ful to The MacArthur Foundation for its 
generous support.” 


a 
BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 1. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


s SS P ad % . Le = -- J 3. 
Julie Gerth, a former ECO-ACT student at the Garden (left), and LREC site manager William 
Davit help Julie’s second grade students plant wildflowers to restore a woodland plot. 


field Science Grants Aid 
Woodland Restoration 


JuLiE GERTH had always been interested in 
science and the natural world when she was 
growing up, but she did not consider teach- 
ing as a career until she participated in the 
Garden’s ECO-ACT Program as a high 
school senior. ECO-ACT is an environ- 
mental leadership program for high school 
students that focuses on ecology and envi- 
ronmental science while helping students 
to develop their leadership skills. In turn, 
the students teach younger children about 
ecological concepts. 

oday Julie is a second grade teacher at 
Our Lady of Lourdes School. In 1993 she 
received a Field Science Grant to lead her 


second grade students in a woodland resto- 
ration project at the Litzsinger Road Ecology 
Center (LREC), a 34-acre outdoor educa- 
tion center in St. Louis County managed by 
the Garden. The LREC features a log cabin 
classroom, a stream, woodland, and restored 
prairie habitats. 

Last November Julie and her students 
identified and removed an invasive, exotic 
species of Euonymous which had spread over 
large areas of the LREC woodland, crowd- 
ing out native species. Over the winter, the 
children learned to weave baskets with the 
Euonymous vines; last spring, they sprouted 
native woodland wildflowers in their class- 


Raven Honored by Field Museum 


its Founders’ Council Centennial Award of 
Merit, presented at a dinner at the Museum 
on Saturday, May 21, 1994. The Award of 
Merit is given annually to pay tribute to 
individuals who have made significant con- 
tributions toward bringing aspects of 
evolutionary and environmental biology to 
the forefront of public attention. Previous 
recipients include Stephen Jay Gould, Roger 
Tory Peterson, Sir David Attenborough, Ed- 
ward O. Wilson, Daniel H. Janzen, and 
Michael Crighton. Dr. Angel C. Alcala, Sec- 
retary of the Department of Environment 
and Natural Resources in the Philippines, 
was also awarded the Centennial Award of 
Merit but was unable to attend. 


THE FIELD Museum IN CHICAGO honored 
the Garden’s director Peter H. Raven with 


18. 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 


room and then transplanted them into the 
cleared forest plots. The exercise teaches 
the students about plant diversity and 
“shows them that we're not taking some- 
thing away, but actually restoring the area,” 
Julie explained. 

Julie finds the LREC ideal for conduct- 
ing natural awareness activities. Her 
students have learned about fossils on the 
stream banks and studied fresh animal tracks 
after a rain. Because of the LREC’s conve- 
nient location in the St. Louis area, classes 
can visit the Center often and experience 
seasonal changes in nature. Julie is enthu-: 
siastic about plans for future activies at the 
LREC, including planting tree seedlings 
along the stream to teach her students about 
erosion control, and using the stream to 
demonstrate water quality testing tech- 
niques. She said, “I want to instill in the 
students a deep love of nature, so deep that 
they will want to save it. I want them to 
understand that every decision they make 
will have an impact on nature and the 
world. 

The LREC sponsors the Field Science 
Grant Program to provide financial support 
for teachers and students who wish to use 
its facilities. The funds help to provide 
transportation to the Center, release time 
from school, and materials; the LREC staff 
helps participants to design and implement 
heir own natural science projects. Dr. 
Judith Bramble, coordinator of teacher train- 
ing for the Garden, explained that “the 
grants program allows students to partici- 
pate directly in research activities, and helps 
teachers acquire the skills to teach natural 
science anywhere.” 

or more information on the LREC Field 
Science Grants Program, please call the Edu- 
cation Division at 577-5140. 


The Award was presented in conjunc- 
tion wit the Fie Museum’s 
commemoration of its centennial, a ten- 
month celebration that culminated in June, 
1994. During his visit, Dr. Raven partici- 
pated in a public conference hosted by the 
Museum’s Center for Evolutionary and En- 
vironmental Biology titled “Dimensions of 
Biodiversity: Global, Natonal and Local Per- 
spectives.” The two-day seminar featured 
scientists, public policy makers, and con- 
servation professionals from around the 
world meeting with educators and students 
from the Chicago area. Dr. Raven spoke on 
“Assessing Global and Local Biological 
Diversity.” 


In MEMORIAM 


Hazel L. Knapp 


THE GarDEN lost one of its dearest friends 
with the death of Hazel Knapp on April 13, 
1994. Mrs. Knapp, a founder of the Friends 
of the Missouri Botanical Garden, was 101. 

Mrs. Knapp, a native St. Louisan, was a 
pioneer of organic gardening, a noted lec- 


turer who was famous for the beauty of her 
gardens. She was active in community and 
garden club affairs throughout the St. Louis 
area, 


Dr. Peter H. Raven spoke at a tribute to 
Mrs. Knapp held at Spink Pavilion on April 
19. He said, “Hazel’s passion for gardening 
was widely known and acclaimed....In 1939, 
she was instrumental in the formation of 
the Friends of the Garden, the membership 
organization which today numbers a re- 
markable 30,000! A grove of rhododendron 
was planted at the Garden in 1975 in honor 
of her many years of service. 

“As an early advocate of not using chemi- 
cals to control pests, Hazel’s philosophy is 
reflected in the Garden's integrated pest 
management program. Her idea of using 
plants that are well adapted to the region 
helps guide the Garden today. Her corre- 
spondence, scrap books, and photographs 
are a treasure in the archives and will help 


us to understand the development of the 
Garden over a 50-year period. Hazel lived a 
wonderfully full and diverse life, and all of 
us at the Garden are privileged that we knew 
her and shared her friendship.” 

Mrs. Knapp’s granddaughters, Stephanie 
Knapp Littlefield and Cynthia Knapp Fry, 
have dedicated a generous gift to place Mrs. 
Knapp’s name on one of the features of the 
new Entry Court at the Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening. They have requested that 
any tributes in memory of Mrs. Knapp also 
be used for the Entry Court, which is being 
supported by a special fundraising project 
of the Members’ Board. Dr. Raven said, 
“Given Hazel’s deep love of gardening and 
intimate affiliation with the Garden’s mem- 
bership program, this is a very fitting and 
appropriate commemoration to her and we 
are thrilled to recognize her in this very 
meaningful and significant way.” 


Garden Leads Peru Adventure for High 
School Students 


WHILE MANY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS spend their spring break 
lying on the beach in the Florida sun or sleeping late at home, a 
group of 12 students from St. Louis went on the trip of a lifetime to 
the Peruvian Amazon. The trip was lead by Dr. Larry DeBuhr, the 
Garden’s director of education, and Maried Swapp, an instructor in 
the Education Division. 

The students, from Mary Institute and Country Day School, St. 
Louis Priory, and St. Joseph’s Academy, were accompanied by four 
teachers. Everyone in the group participated in the International 
Rain Forest Workshop, an 8-day adventure exploring the ecology 
of the Amazonian lowland flooded forests. 

Native Yagua Indians demonstrated how to make blow guns for 
hunting, weave baskets for carrying materials through the forest, 
prepare shelter from palm leaves, and fish with special nets. Par- 
ticipants tasted biscuits made from manioc roots and juice from the 
camu camu fruit, which contains more vitamin C than any other 
plant. Some of the participants learned how to paddle a dugout 
canoe and to make a clay pot from local soil. 

Many in the group hiked into one of the richest areas of rain 
forest on Earth. Nearby the Explorama Lodge, the home base for 
the workshop, is a one-hectare (2-1/2 acres) site where the late 
MBG botanist Alwyn Gentry found over 300 species of woody 
plants, more than any other place in the world. The group was also 
able to take early morning bird-watching boat rides into black 
water lakes where they observed hundreds of bird species, three- 
toed sloths, and the famous giant Victoria water lily. 

At the ACEER (Amazon Center for Environmental Education 
and Research) Camp, the students and their adult companions 
walked upon a suspended system of aerial platforms and pathways 
that take visitors 118 feet up into the canopy of the forest itself. 
From this canopy walkway, observers see orchids, bromeliads, and 
hundreds of other epiphytes as well as birds, lizards, insects, and 


2 
- 
— 
= 
re 
re 
J 
Oo 


“Se 


VISITORS FROM NANJING — In April the Garden hosted a 
group from Nanjing, China, a St. Louis sister city. The group 
was touring several cities in the U.S. The Garden is currently 
working with Nanjing to construct a traditional Chinese 
pavilion, part of the Garden’s new Chinese display garden. 
Shown, from left: Zeng Jianhua, deputy director of Nanjing 
Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Commission; Joel 
Glassman, president of Nanjing-St. Louis Sister City Commit- 
tee; Jing Yuan Hu, deputy director of Nanjing Foreign Affairs 
Office; Peter Raven; Gu Hao, party secretary of CPC Nanjing 
Committee and honorary chairman of Nanjing People’s 
Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries; Chen 
Weijian, deputy director of the General Office of Nanjing 
Municipality; Zhu Yuzhu, interpreter with the Nanjing Foreign 
Affairs Office; and Sun Jiaxing, secretary to Mr. Gu Hao. 


other animals in their own habitat far from the forest floor. 

In one extraordinary week, the students learned a better under- 
standing of the incredibly rich diversity of the rain forest, and how 
important the plants growing along the Amazon River are to the 
people who live there and the people of the world. 

-— Larry E. DeBuhr, Ph.D. 
BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 19. 


TRIBUTES 


994 


4 
iL 


N HONOR O 3 


Mr. and Mrs. nerd eae 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack E. E 

Dr. and Mrs. Benjamin a 
Mrs. Mackey B. Netter 

Mrs. Sylvan Agatstein 


Mrs. Ann Aubuchon 

Betty Gremaud 

Rita Huskey 

Great-Granddaughter of 
Mrs. I. Baumgarten 

Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 

Thomas and Jennifer Beatman 

Tim and Lois seg 

Howar 

Mr. and a a Scallet 

John and Mildred Bonhard 


Ellen Braverman 
Robert Fishel 
Mr. and Mrs. Erwin Brenahl 


Harry and Ginny Duffy 

Mr. and Mrs. Wilbur Cheek 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. Rosenthal 
Earth Day, April 22, 1994 


GenCorp Automotive Plant 


Harry and Doris Eggleston 
Deanna Eggleston 
Laura Law 


Mrs. Stuart Mosley Ellis 
Mr. and Mrs. Kevin gg 
Mr. Alan H. Fleishm 

Mr. and Mrs. Whitney z er 


Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Mr. and Mrs. William M. 
Graves Ill 

Kay and Ralph Piper 

Mrs. Barbara Grossman 

Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Hammer 

Dr. and Mrs. Edwin Schmidt 

Dr. Patrick H. Hen 

Tom and nese Oetting 

Ms. Marjorie Ivey 

Nancy Jenkins 

Mrs. Jessie Slaughter 

Mrs. J. A. Jacobs 

Miss Helen C. Maurer 

Miss Rosemary Woodworth 

Ruth and Roland Jonas 

Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Branson 

Don and Lois Ditzler 


20. 


Mr. A. Glenn Jones 


wn 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Jones 
Lyle and Aileen Woodcock 

Dr. William F. Kiefer 

Dr. and Mrs. William F. Kiefer Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. R. J. King 

Mr. and Mrs. Harold F. Helmkampf 


Mr. Earl C. Madison 
Dr. and Mrs. Henry E. Oppenheimer 
Mrs. Frank A. Palazzo 
r. Don Malvern 
Mr. and Mrs. i E. Piper 
Mrs. Bessie Mege 
Dr. and Mrs. brine P. Wunderlich 
Mr. and Mrs. Red Mills 


Robert E. Oetting 
Mr. and Mrs. Melvin A. Oelze 
Mr. and Mrs. Philip Pfeffer 


Ellen and Henry Dubinsky 

The tribute above was listed incorrectly in 
the last Bulletin. We regret the error 

M anc 


Mr. and Mrs. Richard Halpern 
Mr. and Mrs. David Sobelman 


Mr. and Mrs. Dan Bluestone 

Mr. Tom Stern 

Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern 

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin Strassner 
Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitc 

Mr. Harvey Sussm 

Mr. and Mrs. Philip - i 

Mr. and Mrs. Jack E. Thomas Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. a Lewis Holmes 
Sydney Marie Tomaso 

Mr. and oe Richard P. Sher 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 


Mr. William Trent 
Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
‘a Joseph Tucker 

r. and Mrs. Robert Rosenheim 
icine and David Versprille 
Friends at Imagination To 


oys 
Phyllis and Alan Vierheller 


bert B. Vining 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert G. Fournie 

Dr. and Mrs. Joseph Viviano 

Ms. Ellen Wasserman 

ao ogel 

Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Walker 


nel 
ss Madeline van Walleghem 

as Virginia Gaines 
Gloria and John Weber 
Don and Marilyn oa a 
Robert Weguse 
Mr. and Mrs. Whiney R. Harris 
Mr. Burt Wenn 
Geraldine and pe Schiller 
Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Wielansky 
Mr. and Mrs. Blanton Whitmire 
Cathy Whitmire 
Granddaughter of Mr. and 

Mrs. Norman Wielansky 
Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 


IN MEMORY OF 


Mother of Ed Adams 


Mr. and Mrs. ae Oertli 

Dr. Edgar Anderson 

The Boxwood Society of the Midwest 
Miss Laura A ar 

Ms. Helen Brow 

Ms. Corrinne Hatta 

Mrs. Isaac C. Orr 


Mr. and Mrs. James G. Alfring 

Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom 

Mr. and Mrs. John G. Frazer Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. William Guy Heckman 
Mr. A. Clifford Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. George R. Robinson 


Mr. Lewis W. Baldwin Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Barksdale 


Bellefontaine Cemetery Association 
ana and Walter Benoist 
Mr. Mrs. William C. Bickel 
Mrs. ak ixby 
Mrs. Albert G. Blanke Jr. 
Louise Blodget 
Mr. and Mrs. Stephen F. Brauer 
Mr. and Mrs. John Brodhead Jr. 
Mrs. Auguste Chouteau 
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas R. Collins Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Bertram B. Culver Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. William L. Desloge 
Mr. Charles S. Drew 
Mrs. James K. Ebbert 
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Rumsey Ewing 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Frazer Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. W. aga: Gray Jr. 
Mrs. ae int ah 
Mr. and M Sem Gunter 
Mr. and see: George H. Hall 
Mr. and Mrs. William ar pies 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry H 
Mr. and Mrs. George a ee 
Mr. and Mrs. Fielding Lewis Holmes 
Mr. and Mrs. John A. Holmes Jr. 
Mrs. Stella B. Houghton 
Mr. A. Clifford Jones 
Mr. and Mrs. Edwin S. Jones 
Mr. and Mrs. W. Boardman Jones Jr. 
a Willard V. Kin 

r. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko 

and Mrs. Oliver M. Langenberg 
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh M. F. Lewis 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Limberg 
Mr. and Mrs. Roger E. Lord Jr. 
Mrs. John P. aalipig 
Mrs. Jane S. M 
Mr. and Mrs. aoa N. McCluney 


Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Pettus Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Vernon W. Piper 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles M. Rice 
Dr. and Mrs. Ernest T. Rouse 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry T. Schlapp 
Mr. and Mrs. 
Mrs. Ellen S. Sedgwick 

arren M. Shapleigh 


Mr. and Mrs. Jack E. Thomas Jr. 

Miss Lisa Thomas 

Mrs. John C. Tobin 

John and Ellen Wallace 

Mr. and Mrs. Rolla K. Wetzel 

Mrs. W. Grant Williams 
h 


Mr. and Mrs. August H. Lamack 


a a eae in ac Ny Se RS 


Mrs. William ogee fea gsaie 
Mrs. Alexander M. B 


Mr. and Mrs. Paes eph B. Wills 
Jack A. B 
Mrs. Py & aot 


Phyllis Bloom Oliver 

Marilyn Bloom 

Mr. Alan Blum 

Mr. Harry S. Ackerman 

Mr. Fred Blust Jr 

Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 

Pvt. Howard oe 

Mrs. H. K. Boehm 

Bernice Bohro ff 

Mr. and Mrs. aims Schreiber 

Mr. Lee Bow 

Dr. and Mrs. aed oe Woolsey 

oyd 


Mrs. Brain, Mother of 
Harriet Lickhalter 

Ms. Tobi Elizabeth Don 

Mr. Donald Brandin 

Mr. and Mrs. F. Lee Hawes 

Mr. Marquard Braun 

Mr. and Mrs. Stuart M. Mertz 

Mr. and Mrs. Howard U. Wilson 

Miss Melanie B. Brown 

Pat Jones 

Bill and Anne Lloyd 

Mrs. Hazel Cagle 

Ms. Carol Malone 

Mr. Richard L. Cameron 


Lois Coleman 


Mr. and Mrs. Warren M. Shapleigh 
Father of Mrs. C. C. Consuegra 
Mrs. Gabriele A. DeWitt 

Richard Cornheim 

Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Miss Mary Patricia Costello 
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas K. Costello Jr. 
Lillian Cowgill 

Mr. and Mrs. William Miller 

Mr. Richar . igs heim 

Mrs. Melvin F 

Geraldine and pune — 

Mr. — . Deniso 

Betty To 

Mrs. Charlotte A Warning 


Mrs. A 
Miss Betty Bosse 


Mr. Joseph Dindia 

Mr. Thomas Sehr 

Mrs. Thomasia — 

Mr. M. Lawrence Has 

Dr. and Mrs. Richard - sitlansaeti 
Dr. David B. Dunn 


Mr. and Mrs. Donald F. Graveman 
n 


Ms. Joan S. Murphy 

Mother of — Fangmann 
Florence M. Ben 

Mrs. aap sabe 


Mrs. Mary Ellen ae 
Mrs. Mary Finch 
Mr. and Mrs. ee Kautzman 
Rev. Adolf P 
Mr. and Mrs. — ® Robinson 


Mr. Frederick S. Gault 
Mr. and Mrs. James M. Gault 
Mr. Vincent Germanese 
Belle Coeur Garden Club 
Mrs. Mary Ellen Giannini 


Mr. and Mrs. Al Koller Jr. 
Mr. Ed Giesler 
Mr. and Mrs. Rudy Hubacek 
Mrs. Patty Ann Goldner 
Mrs. Dorothy F. Rosenbaum 
Mrs. Bessie Graff 
Mr. and Mrs. Harry acral 
Mrs. Margaret Gra 
Mr. and Mrs. —— <0 
Richard C 
United Percst ae Friends in 

elivery Information 

Customer td 

_— Jennifer Gru 

. and Mrs. Daniel i 
ae Margaret Habig 
Dr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Gootee 
Mr. John M. Hall 
Mr. and Mrs. George Robinson 
Mr. Jack Harr 
Mr. and Mrs. Bill Zimmerman 
Mrs. Angeline Heddell 
Mr. and Mrs. David Bridwell 
Mrs. Ella Heimburger 
Bob and Kathy Fulstone 


Kristine Rob 
Hans “Jack” Henni 
Mr. and Mrs William Braun 


Michael K. Price Family 


Betty mi 
Ms. Rhonda Warde 
Miss Dorothy E. Hermann 


Mr. and Mrs. Walter Miller 


Mr. Cameron Higginbotham 
Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
Verseman Family, Missouri Floor 


ompany 
Mr. Walter G. Hoffman Jr. 
Ms. Lynn K. Silence 

Mrs. Barbara Holtman 


Mrs. J. Eugene Johanson 
ff 


Mrs. inva aS Ss. ~—" 
Mr. Emmett Concanno 

ait si and Lenny lide 
Jeanne Given 

Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern 
Homewood Condominium 

Mrs. Earl T. Latta 


Mr. and Mrs. John R. Murphy 

Mrs. Fran Pritchard 

Ross Charitable Trust 

Mr. and Mrs. James A. Samson 

Nancy M. Seeburger 

St. Louis Helicopter Airways, Inc. 

The Daniel and Henry Company 

The ees Business Group and 
Their F 

Jo Ellen dln 

Clara M. Thielecke 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth E. Wischmeyer 

Mr. Leon Kaye 

Mr. and Mrs. Michael V. Downen 


Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Deckelman, 
Paula, Terri 
Dr. William F. bt 
Melinda and Bill Kiefer 
Allegra, Aurelie, wit Kiefer Ill 
Mrs. Viona Killi 
Valerie Beck 
Chuck and Marg Groennert 
Mr. and Mrs. William A. Haukap Jr. 
Butch and neaaees Reardon 


Family of Thomasia Donnan 


Mrs. Eileen Grath 

Mr. and Mrs. Frank Hause 
Mr. and Mrs. Don H. Helfers 

John Igoe Family 

Mr. and Mrs. bres: Krummenacher 
Mrs, Lynn K 

Mr. and Mrs. beads. Neuner 

Mr. and Mrs. Ramon J. Portilla 

Mr. and Mrs. John K. Sheehan 

Mr. and Mrs. Eugene C. Sunnen 
Mr. Paul Kohl 

Mrs. Mary A. Gamble 

Mrs. Frances Kohlbey 

Mr. and Mrs. H. Ivis Johnston 
Barbara Kramer 


—_ 


Mrs. Katherine Lanzerotte 
Mother of Stephen Latz 
Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Mr. Roger E. Leonhardt 
Mrs. Jackie Leonhardt 

Mrs. Annette LePique 

Mr. and Mrs. Harry LePique 
Mrs. Frieda Levin 


Mary-Ann Ellis 

Nathan, Ted, C pia Golde 

Mr. Harold 

Mrs. Elinor Lewin 

ack Lieberman 

Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 
ari Lineman 


Mrs. Thelma Wright 
Mrs. Gertrude Loud 
Mr. and Mrs. Carl Owen 
Mrs. William McBride Love 
Miss Mary Elizabeth Bascom 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald Danforth Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. William G. Heckman 
Ms. Betty J. Lynch 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom K. Smith Jr 
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. White IV 
Mrs. Martha Loyet 
Mr. and Mrs. George A. Richardson 
ddie Lueking 
Mrs. Bernard Blomberg 
Mrs. Richard C. Bradley 
Norman Mack 
Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Mary Kallal Major 
Rosa — Ann 
Mr. Ray M 
Mr. and Mrs. May Berra 
“ais es thies 
Lyn , Rosemary Hoeft 
cere. pares Mathiesen 
ichael, Dana Mathiesen 
a Alex, Chance Mathiesen 
Sean Mathiesen 
Tom, Robin Mathiesen 
Kris, Stewart McDermet 


continued on next page 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 21. 


continued 


Mrs. Agatha nee 

Mr. John L. Bogda 

Mr. and Mrs. George sua 

John and Natalie Fraser 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Frazee 

Mr. and Mrs. Jerry O. Huggin 

Mr. and Mrs. Fred B. Seiieads 
Fred Matthews Sr. Family 


Oberkir sch 


Mrs. Nita Yewell 

Mrs. H. J. Moeckel 

Leonard and Myrtle Euler 

Dr. Rosemary Ralstum Moore 
Dennis and Joyce Brooks 

Mike and Ellen McKee 

Mrs. Madolyn Baker Morse 
Mr. and Mrs. Rosemary Dieckhaus 
Mrs. Ann Moss 

Ms. Lynn K. Silence 

Mrs. Margaret P. Muckerman 
Mrs. Estelle L. Bliss 

Mr. and Mrs. Frank C. Blumeyer 
Gatesworth Residents Association 
Mrs. Roy W. Harpe 


Mrs. Alfred A. Nall 


Mr. and Mrs. Rick Halpern 
Mr. Robert qo ep | 
Ms. Melody E. 
Augusta and Pal Obst 
Ms. Vera A. Obst 
Robert L. Orvos 
Ms. Marilyn M. Orv 
Mrs. Raoul Peau 
Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Barksdale 


a 
. nM. or 
Father of Rossel Payn 
Mrs. Emily La 
Mrs prada ‘Schiek Perkins 
Miss Dorothy Schiek 


22. 


TRIBUTES 


r. Daniel H. Perlman 


oO 


Mr. and Mrs. William Dedeke 
Pinetenn: ia Price 
] American 


PrICMUS al 


Mr. Ray Pryor 
Mr. G. Kelly Muenster 
Ms. Sandy Scheidt 
Mrs. Alice cats 
Mary A. Gam 
Mr. Nase v. Rabenberg 
Mr. and Mrs. pas G. Buettner 
Mrs. Elaine W. E 

Mr. and Mrs. act Gaddy 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Joseph Horan 
Dr. and Mrs. Roy W. Osterkamp 
Nancy Ellen Raisher 
Ms. Diane M. Woe 


Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. se 
Judith Bellos and acing Hoffiu 
Mrs. William Bixby Jr 


Mr. and Mrs. Parker B. Condie 
Mr. and Mrs. rity Conrad Jr. 
Mrs. George H 
Mr. and Mrs. on B. Crowder 
on Jr 


Charlie and savin Hoessle 
Mrs. — ffe 
Mrs. W. van B. Kin 
Mr. and Mrs Charles E. Kopman 
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh M. F. Lewis 
wei and Joseph Losos 
ouglas - MacCarthy 

ack 


ia n McQuinn 


Missouri Botanical Garden, 
Dire ector’s Office Staff and 


ts. Norma M. 


BULLETIN JULY /AUGUST 1994 


Mr. os Mrs. Robert Brookings 


Sm 
Mrs. E o Johnson Spink 
Nora and Walt Stern 
St. Louis Convention and 
Visitors Commission 
Mr. and Mrs. Jack E. Thomas Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Monte C. Throdahl 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy 
pec League of Metropolitan St. 
wis 


. and Mrs. John K. Wallace Jr. 
= Virginia V. Weldon 
Mr. and Mrs. Frank P. Wolff Jr. 
Dr. and Mrs. Thomas A. Woolsey 
Mr. Joseph Redmond 
Harold and June Kravin 
Mr. John Reeder 
. Warren R. Kunstman 

Mr. Charles Reichardt 
Mr. and Mrs. Ralph W. Kienker 
Missouri Botanical Garden, 

Development Division and 

Public Relations Department 
Mr. Richard Remmers 


Mrs eynolds 
Dr. ee Mrs. Robert Vanderpearl 
r. Canice ne Rice Sr. 
ee Sandra G. B 
TOW 


Mr. and Mrs. Francis Oates 

Mr. Thomas F. Schlafly 

Nancy Richard 

Barb‘and Gary Saeks 

Bob Richards 

Mrs. Betty L. Wren 

Mr. Richard C. Rimat 

Mr. and Mrs. cera Breckenridge 
Sophie Con 

Mr. and ite ate Lamble 

The Mattie Family 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul J. Mell 

Mr. and Mrs. Roger A. Provow 

Webster Groves Herb Society 


Mrs. Esther R. Rimmel 
Miss Jane Cohen 
Mr. and Mrs. John L. Roos 
Mr. and Mrs. Terry Taryle 
Mrs. Louis Ritter 
and Mrs. oaaGs Schreiber 
r. Jack R 

kas and ae Wielansky 
Mr. Ronald Ross 

Mr. and Mrs. H. Ivis Johnston 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 


Mrs. Edna Rut 


Ms. Charlotte F. = 
Tommy Schra 


Ms. Ellen M. 
Carolyn and miter Losos 


and . Bur jiman 
ee sit il Schiller 
r. Lyman Scott 
Mrs. Raymond Eddins 
Carroll Jones Scullin 
Joan Arnold and Patsy Woods 
Sarah Bakewell 
r. and Mrs. R. E. Bates 
Claude and eps Benoist 
Bowood Farms Staf: 
Mrs. Max De ait 
Anita C. Esslinger 
Carol Felker 


Mr. and M cien = Kea abe 
Mrs. “Alfred 4 ae 

Mr. and Mrs. Hugh A. ste 3 
Hon. Jean C. Hamilton 

Mr. and Mrs. George L. Hensley 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert T. Hensley Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. ate R. SHChiae 
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh McPhee 

ee Phyllis Pee Ts 

Mr. and Mrs. John L. Meier III 


Dr. and Mrs. Elliott O'Reilly 
Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Pettus Jr. 
Mr. Frederick H. Semple 


Kathiesn R. Sherby 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brookings 
Smith 


Mr. and Mrs. William M. VanCleve 
ibert 


uer 
rwin M. Meinberg 
Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher Jr. 
rs. Margaret Shufe 


mily 
r. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
“a and Mrs. Rex Whitton Jr. 


Mr. Haceton Smit 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Francis Jr. 
Kay Sofian’s Sister, Rae 

Mrs. Carol B. Kaplan 

Mr. Robert Sommers 


§ 
Mr. and Mrs. William H. Ferrell 


Lae Sterling 
d Mrs. William H. Ferrell 
ow McM 


ull 
Mrs. Gladys T. inebieistia 
Mr. and Mrs. Oscar J. Conrad Jr. 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher Jr. 
Stanley L. Sto 
Bill and Cyndi Weiss 


Anne Davis Streett 

Mrs. Sandra Goralnik 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brookings 
Smith 


Mrs. Whitelaw Ter 

Mrs. Patricia Estaque Stubbers 
Mr. and Mrs. Jean Pierre Auge 
Mrs. Betty Suppiger 
Anonymous 

Madolyn Teichm 

Mr. and Mrs. — n Murphy Il 
Mr. Larry T 

Mr. and Mrs. fe Dillman 
Ms. Pat Tim 

Ms. Ellen C. Toulme 


Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Bucol 
Mr. Steward L. Van Petten 
Van Petten Family 
Mr. Paul Vith 
Mary Jane and rusie Nagel 

oO 


Mr. and Mrs. James E. Dearing 
Dr. and Mrs. John J. Delfino 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling 
Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Joseph Horan 
Mr. and Mrs. William B. Jones Jr. 
r. and Mrs. Maurice J. Keller 
Mr. and Mrs. John K. Lilly 
Dr. and Mrs. Richard E. Lord 
Mr. and Mrs fiascipel aa 
nga pote 
.and M eae . Hadise 
ea vale ee Woke 
Mr. and Mrs. Curt Shepard 
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert M. Wilson Jr. 
iy 


Mr. and Mrs. ses Hayashi 

Mr. and Mrs. David H. Kawamoto 
Mr. and Mrs. Kei Matsutani 

Dr. and Mrs. Ted T. Okamoto 


Mr. Masato Yamashita 


Mr. John Walton 

Jim and Louise Thompson 

Mr. H. Frederick Walz 

Mr. and Mrs. George Budke 

Mrs. J. Edgar Lumpkin 

Mr. Will F. Warner 

Mrs. George Watson Skinner 

Charles D. Watts 

Friends, Fraternity Brothers and 
Wives 


Ruth Rodemyer Weave 
Dudley and ape ta facile 
Miss Mary F. C 


— 


Mrs. Sally Bixby Defty 

M arbara Weiman 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth F. Froeschner 
r 


Mr. and Mrs. William M. Graves III 
Mr. and Mrs, tabs R. Harris 
Susan J. Kaufm 

Mrs. Maurice K Keller 


Evelyn sci 
Mr. and Mrs. Edwin G. Shifrin 
Mr. Carlos Whitehead 
Mr. and Mrs. William Hall 
Mrs. Johnalin S. Mos 
Dr. Richard B. Whitin 
Mrs. Ann Williams 

vid R. Ganz 
Lois Elizabeth Williams 
Washington University 
Mrs. Viola Williamson 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Duesenberg 
Louis Womack 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Kriegshauser 
Mrs. Clair Wo tn 
oe and Ralph Pi 

Uldene Woolbright 

= ‘Ray Perry 
Mr. and Mrs. Karl P. Wolf 

r. Alfred M. Wooleyhan 


Missouri Botanical Garden, 


evelopment i 
Membership sie pane an 
Public Relations Departm nt 


Mr. Hideji Yakushiji 


Mr. and Mrs. John B. ike 
Dr. and Mrs. James Pennoyer 


Mrs. Stella Zafft 


ry Katherine cng 
sr Ae Taylor Gro 


ea 
BOARD OF TRUSTEES 
Mr. John K. Wallace, Jr. 
President 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. 


Dr. Blanche Touhill 
The Hon. George R. Westfall 
Mr. O, Sage Wightman IIL 


Emeritus TRUSTEES 
Mr. Howard F. Baer 


Mr. rt esk 
Mr. William "g Maritz 
Dr. Helen E. Nash 
Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide 


Mr. William R. Orthwein, Jr. 
Mrs. Vernon W. Piper 


Mrs, Lucianna Gladney Ross 


Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg, Jr. 
Mr. Robert Brookings Smith 
M K. Smith, Jr. 


Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink 
Mrs. Raymond H. Wittcoff 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


HONORARY TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 


IRECTOR 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 
Memeers’ Boarp 
Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy, President 


Mrs. Martin E. Jaffe 
Mrs. Robert Trulaske 


BULLETIN JULY/AUGUST 1994 23. 


@® Ogsm 
Inside a es. 


This Issue 


B 20th Annual 
_ Sickert eames Japanese Festival 
Phase 2 of the William T. Kemper Cen- - 

ter for Home Gardening is underway. _ Labor Day Weekend 


4. Saturday, Saptinnkes 3 — Monday, September 5, 1994 
ARBORETUM EXHIBITS PLANNED 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. daily 


The Arboretum moves forward with 

renovations to the 1879 Manor House. » * 
Celebrate the-culture of Japan at one of thé largest and oldest festivals of its kind 
6 a in the United States. Enjoy authentic Japanese art, food, music, dance, and 
i 2 the peuy of Seiwa- En, the Japanese Garden. 
NEW BOXWOOD GARDEN 


San Faieiscs Martial Arts Demonstrations. Festival admission: 
Plans are announced for the Ruth A - A » 


Palmer Blanke Boxwood Garden Taiko Drummers _— ‘ $2 mea 
: : Japanese Doll Display $3 non-members, 

Ikebana Display and ft ; children 12 and 

o. fii Omikoshi and\Nagamochi- © under free 

PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN UPDATE Processions Call for recorded 
Bonsai Display information 

Million dollar donors take the capital Japanese Classical Dance 24 hours aa 
campaign past the halfway mark. Téa Ceremonies 1-800-642-8842 
i. Candlelight Walks or 577-9400 

10. Boil Odor Dance and im Miscou 


1 
HOME GARDENING Ni Choral =o. And More! 


Honeybees are the newest guests at the 
Kemper Center. Sponsored by the Missa Botanical Garden and‘q coalition of organizations including. the Japan America 
Society of St. Louis, the Japanes, 
6 
12, 


CALENDAR OF EVENTS 
“Kids in Bloom” in July, and fun for all. 


14. aie 


NEWS OF THE MEMBERS 


Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026- 6507) SECOND CLASS 
A trip to Chile for members, plus an Post Office Box 299 POSTAGE 
update on the “Yellow Brick Road.” St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 


PAID 
AT ST. LOUIS, MO 
16. 
HENRY SHAW COMMITTEE 


A dedicated group works behind the 
scenes to keep the Garden blooming. 


20. 
TRIBUTES 


Family and friends are honored with a 
gift to the Garden. 


Be Rese: 


(ae 
NY 


i at 


Missouri 
Botanical 
Garden | 


wt : 
ge 


aire 


q 
4 


vat 


— Missourt BOTANICAL GARDEN MIssION: “To DisCOVER AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE Moving? 

— Asout PLANTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT, IN ORDER TO PRESERVE AND ENRICH LIFE.” Please remember to send us 
d your new address. 

Just as this issue of the Bulletin goes to press, we received copies of the first published To avoid missing any of your 
: volume of the Flora of China. This landmark event, the first fruits of years of hard work membership mailings, we need 


by botanists here and in China, is a splendid accomplishment, and I hope you will enjoy notification of your new address 


reading all about it in the November/December issue. at least three weeks before you 

Labor Day ushers in a rush of activities everywhere, and the Garden is no exception. move. Please enclose the mail- 
The 20th annual Japanese Festival highlights Labor Day weekend, with new things to see | ing label on the back cover of 
and do plus old favorites including the thrilling Taiko Drummers. October brings the this Bulletin and mail to: 
third annual “Best of Missouri” Market, the enormously popular festival celebrating the 
growers, musicians, and artisans of our state. And October finishes up with a flourish as ame:____ 
the Fall Flower Show welcomes another season of beautiful floral displays. Old Address: 

On page 5 we offer the first look at the architects’ vision for our new Sataee 


ay research building, scheduled to break ground next year. “You and the 
Environment” is especially pertinent for the back-to-school season, with a 
comprehensive summary of the best books on environmental issues for City 
children and adults, all available through the Garden Gate Shop. On pages 
6 and 7 we introduce the Heritage Society, a very special concept in donor State______ Zip 
support and services, and on page 11 you can get your first glimpse of an New Address: 
exciting gift idea for the holidays, a new line of specialty foods with 
botanical flair, straight from the kitchens of the Garden’s caterers, Ces & Date effective:_ 
Judy. This year for the first time, the charming Garden Holiday Card will 
be available by mail order — watch your mailbox, and see page 19 fora Street__ 
review. 
As you may have noticed, so much is happening at the Garden, we can’t cover it all in City 
just 24 pages! This issue of the Bulletin is our first with 28 pages, but it won’t be the last. 
We hope you enjoy this expanded issue, just one of the many benefits of your Garden State_____ Zip________— 
membership. al 
Please take advantage of the beautiful autumn weather to visit the Garden often and 
enjoy all of the fall color and activities. 


On the Cover 
— Peter H. Raven, Director | Seiwa-En, “garden of pure, clear 
armony and peace.” 


Photo by King Schoenfeld 
Editor 


Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
P.O 


CLIFF WILLIS 


. BOX 

St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Climatron® is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Missouri Botanical Garden is an Equal 
Opportunity / Affirmative Action employer. 
© 1994 Missouri Botanical Garden 
The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) ” 


venue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Sec- 
ond class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 
The BULLETIN is sent to every 
member of the Garden as a benefit of 
membership. For a contribution of as 


ociety, examine plants in the C-3 greenhouse devoted to maintaining the 


> . be f : e 
Pee ’ — ‘ suid. lants. The Society, celebrating its 49th year, is re entitled to: free admission to the 
elping the Horticulture Division to find homes for the plants from the Desert Garden, Shaw Arboretum, and Tow 
House, which has been closed until a new facility can be built. The project Grove House; invitations to specl@ 
involves checking the computer invento i events and tions; announcemen 
Ty, assessing the value of ra sand recep 
4 If rare plants, and of all lectures and es; discounts 


selling duplicates to make room in the greenhouse for the specimens from the in the Garden Gate Shop and course 


: 1 
: fees; and the opportunity for trave™ 
date from the 1940s, includes over 75 endangered species. The Henry Shaw domestic and abroad, with other a 
: Society has more than 75 active members who support the Garden with bers. For information, please 
their donati and : i 
ons, profits from plant sales, expert assistance with the plants. Oe Hees send address 
, : ; _ : Searle sti issouri Botan 
On page 9 of the July/August Bulletin, Alison Ar of the North Carolina Arboretum was ap oo ealgemapsgosdagee St. Louis. 


On pag nold 
identified incorrectly. We regret the error. — Editor 


2. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 1994 ee Sere a08 


Invited guests are 
presented to the 
Emperor 

Empress at the 
Japanese Garden, 
Shown meeting the 


president of the 


John K. Wallace, Jr. 
Mr. Wallace is 
president of the 
Board of Trustees. 


HE GARDEN WAS HONORED to welcome Their Majesties, the AN IMPERIAL VISIT 
Emperor and Empress of Japan, to an exclusive private tour on 
Saturday, July 18, 1994. Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko 
were the first members of the Japanese Imperial family ever to iz SEp ; 
visit St. Louis, and they specifically requested a visit to the mperor dn Lg 19 
Garden and its renowned Seiwa-En, the largest authentic Japanese i 94 
Garden outside Japan. The tour was part of a two-day stay in St. 

Louis that included a visit to the Gateway Arch, a reception at the lia 
St. Louis Art Museum, a Cardinals baseball game at Busch MPYTess O dpdn 
Stadium, and a luncheon at the History Museum. 

The Imperial entourage arrived at the Garden, which had been 
closed to the public for the visit, at 10:15 a.m. They were at the Garden 
escorted on a tour of the John S. Lehmann Building, where they 
viewed research exhibits, rare books, and Japanese botanical 
specimens from the library and herbarium. 

The Imperial party traveled by tram to the stone boat basin 
avertooking Seiwa-En, “garden of pure, clear harmony and 
peace,” where the royal couple planted a young Japanese maple, 
Acer palmatum ‘Tsuma gaki,’ to commemorate their visit. The 
Emperor and Empress were introduced to some of the 450 invited 
guests at the tree planting ceremony, including representatives of 
several Japanese-American organizations and the staff and 
volunteers who maintain Seiwa-En. Afterward the Emperor and 
Empress moved into the crowd, shaking hands and greeting 
delighted guests. 

Next, the Imperial party visited the Climatron and the 
Shoenberg Temperate House, where the staff showed them plants 
from several endangered species maintained as part of the 
national collection of the Center for Plant Conservation, which is 
headquartered at the Garden. The Emperor and Empress waved s y ~ ee wis 
to about 1200 guests, Garden members, and volunteers, who had ° 


CLIFF WILLIS 


waited all morning to greet the royal couple. Above: rig ioe 
The tram carried the Imperial party past the Spink pavilion, Michiko, Emperor 
Akihito, see Peter 


where they paused to congratulate a wedding party gathered on 
the terrace. They departed the Garden at 11:45 a.m. 

After the visit, Dr. Raven said, “The Emperor and Empress 
were absolutely delightful and truly seemed to enjoy themselves. 
They were very complimentary about the beauty of the Garden 
and were very interested in the displays of herbarium specimens 
and endangered plants. All of the Garden’s members, staff, and 
friends are very proud and happy to have been able to welcome 
the Imperial visitors here today.” 


H. Raven at the tree 
planting ceremony. 
Left: The Imperial 
couple greet guests 
and well-wishers. 


> 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 1994 .-). 


pee: Oo toa oe ER Se ew TP 


os) MP A 1G. Ww - 


New GARDENS 
AT THE 
KEMPER CENTER 


The 
Backyard 
Garden 


Core ia SUNNEN was a lifetime member of the 
arden who devoted time and energy to it as a 
volunteer and a contributor throughout her lifetime. 
Recalling her avid interest in gardening, Mrs. 
Sunnen’s daughters, Helen Sly and Esther Kreider, 
decided to donate the Backyard Garden at the Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening in their mother’s memory 
through a gift from the Sunnen Foundation. 
The Sunnen Foundation was founded by Cornelia’s 
husband, Joseph Sunnen. Their work was continued 
— by their son, the 
late Robert M. 
Sunnen, who 
served as chairman 
and chief executive 
officer at Sunnen 
Products Company 
and as president of 
the Sunnen 
Foundation. He 
also served on the 
Botanical Garden 
me Subdistrict of the 
‘ Metropolitan Zoo/ 
seca Museum District 
from 1983 until 1990. Currently, Helen Sly and 
Esther Kreider are directors on the board of Sunnen 
Foundation, with Helen Sly serving as president. 
Garden director Peter H. Raven said, “The Sunnen 
Foundation and Corporation have been an integral 


part of our growth and development for many years. 
Naming this wonderful Kemper Center Garden in 
Mrs. Sunnen’s memory is certainly a wonderful way to 
remember her many years of friendship, as well as that 
of the rest of the family.” Raven noted that support 
from the Sunnen Foundation over the years has 
included assistance with a variety of projects in the 
Garden’s library and herbarium, including funding for 
herbarium mounters, a grant to update systems for 
storage of manuscripts and other archival materials, 
and, most recently, a generous contribution to fund 
the library’s recataloging. 

The Backyard Garden is entered from the middle 
level of the Kemper Center on the north side. The 
garden will provide a wealth of ideas and demonstra- 
tions on how to transform a typical backyard into an 
outdoor “room”, extending the living space. The 
garden will feature groundcovers and lawns; shrubs 
and ornamental trees at backyard scale and selected 
for four seasons of interest; container gardening; 
lighting, furniture, and paving; and residential 
landscape irrigation systems. 

The Backyard Garden features a terrace overlook- 
ing a splashing fountain and pool with cast bronze 
sculptures of four playful otters chasing a group of 
leaping fish, making a delightful resting spot on a trip 
through the Kemper Center. Mrs. Kreider said, “We 
are happy to be a part of the Garden’s growth and so 
pleased that we can make a contribution that so well 
reflects a major love of our mother’s life.” 


A Trip To CHINA 


St. Louis Gift To Be Dedicated 

in Nanjing 

THIS FALL, St. Louis and Nanjing, China, will celebrate their 
fifteenth anniversary as sister cities and the historic occasion 
when they created the first U.S.-China sister city link. In honor 
of the occasion, the city of Nanjing will dedicate a gift from St. 
Louis, an American-style playground for children of all ages. 
Mayor Freeman R. Bosley, Jr., will lead a group of St. Louisans to 
China on a trip that will include the event in Nanjing as its first 
stop. Mayor Wang Wulong and a host of Nanjing dignitaries will 
host the group from St. Louis at the anniversary celebration. 

The highlight of the visit will be the dedication of the play- 
ground, designed by Robert E. Goetz, an award winning 
landscape architect who has designed master plans for more than 
140 parks throughout the Midwest. Nanjing’s anniversary gift to 
St. Louis is a traditional pavilion that will be the centerpiece of 
the new Chinese Garden currently under construction at the 
Missouri Botanical Garden. 


Sister City Anniversary Tour 
October 21 to 28, 1994 

The Nanjing-St. Louis Sister City Committee has organized the 
eight day Anniversary Tour, which includes visits to Nanjing, 
Shanghai, and Beijing, at a cost of $2 
day tour that includes the cities of Xian and Guilin for $2,960, 
+4. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


and a fourteen-day tour for $3,388 that adds Wuhan, 
Chongquing, Hangzhou, and a Yangtze River cruise to the 
itinerary. Just as St. Louis is known as the Gateway to the West, 
Nanjing is the gateway to northern and southern China, which 
are linked by the Yangtze River Bridge at Nanjing. The 5,000- 
year-old city is set in beautiful surroundings along the banks of 
the Yangtze, China’s longest and most important waterway, at the 
foothills of the Purple and Gold Mountains. 

One of China’s great cities, Nanjing was the capital of the Ming 
and seven other dynasties. Today it is the capital of Jiangsu, one 
of China’s wealthiest and fastest growing provinces. With a 
metropolitan area of over five million people, the city is a major 
cultural, industrial, and transportation center for China. 

Joining Mayor Bosley in leading the trips will be Dr. Joel 
Glassman, president, and Dr. Ching-ling Tai, vice president, of 
the Nanjing Sister City Committee. Glassman is director of the 
Center for International Studies at the University of Missouri-St. 
Louis and an expert on China. Dr. Tai, a native of Shanghai, 
teaches Chinese language at St. Louis University High School. 
For information about the Anniversary Tour, call (314) 553-5755. 


Far East Trade Mission and Economic Delegation 

In conjunction with the Anniversary Tour, the World Trade 
Center of St. Louis has organized A Far East Trade Mission and 
Economic Delegation designed for business people who wish to 
explore investment and trade Opportunities in Taiwan, Hong 
Kong, and China. The Trade Mission will join the Anniversary 
Tour in Nanjing. For information call (314) 862-0201. 


An architect’s view of the new research facility at the southwest corner of Shaw and Vandeventer 


HE PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN enters a new phase this fall. 

The current capital campaign, launched publicly last fall, 

has already received $17.7 million in gifts and pledges 
toward its $30.9 million goal. The Garden’s new research facility, 
to be built on the southwest corner of Shaw and Vandeventer at a 
projected cost of $17.4 million, is the largest single component of 
the campaign. 

The new building will embody the Garden’s mission in several 
key ways. Earlier issues of the Bulletin have dealt in detail with 
the global importance of the Garden’s research program, its 
urgent need for additional space, and its scientific leadership 
nationally and internationally. We have also illustrated how the 
facility will serve as a model for new construction concerned with 
environmental issues. Now, with our first glimpse of what is to 
become a major architectural landmark in St. Louis, it is appro- 
priate to consider an additional aspect of the new research 
building -- its revitalizing role in its neighborhood and in the city. 

The new building will replace the Polar Wave Ice & Fuel 
building, a gas station, and a collection of industrial properties at 
the corner of Vandeventer and Shaw. As designed by a team of 
architects, the Christner Partnership and Louis R. Saur and 
Associates, both of St. Louis, in consultation with the Croxton 
Collaborative of New York, the new building will be a beautiful 
addition to the neighborhood of homes, schools, and businesses 
that surround the Garden. The handsome four-story facade of 
brick and glass, surrounded by green landscaping, will harmonize 
with and enhance the surrounding streets and provide a visual 
link to the Garden for visitors arriving from Kingshighway and 
Interstate 44. The proposed additional ramps from 1-44 at 
Vandeventer will improve access to the Garden and neighborhood 
businesses. 

Recent articles in the South City Journal and Southwest City 
Journal emphasized the support of the neighbors for the new 


OPPORTUNITIES FOR 
NAMING GiFTs 


New Research 
Building 
Will Enhance 
St. Louis 


building. Anna Croslin, 
president of the Shaw Neigh- 
borhood Improvement 
Association, was quoted:“We 
certainly think that it would be 
a great improvement for that 
section of neighborhood; we 
support it.” 

In addition to neighborhood 
support, city officials see the 
Garden’s new research facility 
as the southwestern anchor of a core of biotechnological busi- 
nesses proposed for mid-town St. Louis. Patrick Bannister, 
director of business development for the St. Louis Development 
Corp., has said, “It [the new facility] certainly enforces the idea 
that the area...has a great deal of potential for attracting research 
companies.... These anchors provide the stimulus.” The “an- 
chors” are the Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis 
University Medical Center, and the Garden. The city hopes to 
attract pharmaceutical companies, research firms, testing labora- 
tories, medical manufacturing, supply, distribution and service 
companies to the area. 

Residents hope that people who come to work in the neighbor- 
hood will decide to live there, too. Maria Angel-Davis, 
neighborhood program director for the Southwest Garden 
Neighborhood Association, has said, “We're very excited about it, 


in 1995, with completion scheduled for 1997. The next 12 to 18 
months offer unparalleled opportunities for individuals and 
corporations to support the Garden’s prominence as a world 
leader in botanical research by making special naming gifts for 
the new building. 

“This is an extraordinary, once-in-a-lifetime chance to become 
intimately involved with a facility dedicated to world class 
research,” said Marcia Kerz, director of development. “Strong 
support from our members and the entire community will be 
essential as we move forward with the building.” Many naming 
opportunities will be available within the framework of the 
project. Donors interested in more information about the 
ae facility may write the Development Office, Missouri 
Botanical Garden, Post Office Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 
63166-0299, or call (314) 577-5120. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 5. 


The Pas When Henry Shaw gave the Missouri Botanical 
Garden to the people of St. Louis, he estab- 
lished a heritage that has thrived through the years. But his legacy alone 
would not have resulted in the abundance we see around us today. Bequests 
since Mr. Shaw’s time, from members and friends of vision, ensured that our 
heritage could flourish; legacies have been an integral part of every major 
expansion and program improvement at the Garden since 1889. Making a 
bequest to the Garden unites you with this heritage and guarantees that our 
latest beneficiaries won't be the last. To show our appreciation, the Garden 
established the Heritage Society as a way to honor those whose foresight 


connects us to the future. 


The Fu {UT Bequests are a way to help secure the 

Garden’s financial stability. Bequests 
can be a specified amount, a percentage of an estate, or even the balance of 
an estate after family and loved ones are considered. 

Interestingly, a will is not the only way to make a Heritage gift. The 
Garden can be the beneficiary of a trust, or a life insurance policy — evena 
pension plan. Your gift can be undesignated, which gives the Garden the 
opportunity to use the money where it is needed most, or it can be desig- 
nated for a specific use. 

To learn more about the Heritage Society and how you can be part of the 
vision, call our gift planning office at (314) 577-9532. 


te eg 


The Heritage 


Bequests help support the daily 
operation of the Garden (left and 
above). Members of the Heritage 


Director’s Associates Dinner 
with Dr. Raven and private 
premiere parties for the annual 
Flower Shows (right). 


©. BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


SS 


The Climatron renovation 


Chinese botanical specimens 


research facility 


The John S. Lehmann Building 


Pa SS ch <i 


The lake in Seiwa-En 


Computers 


Through the years, bequests have 
helped to provide important and 
beautiful features of the Garden 
that benefit and delight many 
people every day. 

This page, Bequests helped to 
fund renovations to the green- 
houses during the last capital 
campaign; computers have been 
upgraded; an important collec- 
tion of botanical specimens from 
China has been added to the 
herbarium; the shoreline of the 
lake in the Japanese Garden was 
preserved; the Climatron and the 
Lehmann Building were 
renovated. 


The Heritage Society? 


* The Heritage Society is our way to recognize 
you as a special benefactor of the Garden, 
either publicly or privately, as you prefer. 


The Heritage Society provides you with a 
painless way to receive estate planning and 
charitable giving information — information 
that is understandable and jargon-free. 


The Heritage Society is meant for everyone, 
not just the wealthy and famous — 
although we welcome them, too. 


The Heritage Society has no annual dues, 
fees, or forms to fill out. 

Your gift is strictly confidential — and we 
will honor your request for any level of 
anonymity. 

Members of the Heritage Society are invited 
to an annual dinner with Dr. Peter H. Raven 
and other special donors like yourself. 


e 


You will be the first on your block to see the 
Garden’s annual flower shows at the Flower 
Show Premieres for upper level members. 
The Heritage Society is a terrific way to 
protect the future of the Garden — and a 
sure way to get a beautiful Garden calendar 
every year! 

The Heritage Society is your link with the 
continuity of a world class institution 
dedicated to preserving and enriching 


life through plants. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 1994 


10 Ue THe 


ENVIRONMENT 


Books Help 
Save the 
Environment 


ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES 
including solid waste disposal, 
dwindling natural resources, 
air and water pollution, and 
disappearing plants and 
animals can be addressed 
through individual and group 
commitment and action, and 
solutions can be found. The 
Garden has committed itself to 
help in this global effort by 
practicing environmentally 
sound horticultural practices, 
by recycling glass, paper, 
aluminum, cardboard and 
other materials, by conserving 
energy, by composting all plant 
materials, by safely disposing 
of hazardous materials in an 
environmentally acceptable 
manner, and by helping 
visitors understand why the 
Garden has adopted these 
practices. 

As concerned individuals, 
each of us can help solve 
environmental problems. The 
Garden has assembled the 
following list of books that 
provide practical suggestions 
and ideas for both adults and 
children. These books are 
generally available in the 
Garden Gate Shop and in your 
local book stores. 


The Complete any to 
Recycling at Hom 

by Gary D. pet 199]. 
Betterway Set eim Inc, 
White Hall, VA. 

Covers in sara the 
handling and recycling of 
waste paper, thoughtful lawn 
and garden care, effective 
composting and use of non- 
polluting products, water 
conservation, alternative 
8. BULLETIN 


energy sources and energy 
conservation, reducing home 
maintenance, and many more 
environmentally friendly ideas. 
The manual offers easy, 
economical, and technically 
simple ideas. 


EarthScore: Your Personal 
Environmental Audit 

and Guide 

Donald W. Lotter. 1993. 
Morning Sun Press, Lafayette, 
CA. 105 pps. 

Rate yourself on household 
energy use, water, transporta- 
tion, consumerism, toxic 
waste, recycling, environmen- 
tal advocacy, and other 
environmental areas. Are you 
a Eco-Tyrannosaurus or an 
Eco-hero? Find out with this 
manual. And find out how to 
change common household 
practices, helping yourself and 
the wor 


The EarthWorks Group 
Guides, Berkeley, CA 

This series provides many 
great environmental sugges- 
tions and ideas. These guides 
are essential for all home 
libraries. 


50 Things You Can Do to Save 
the World 
1989. 96 pps. 

A classic book with 50 great 
ideas. Each idea is supported 
with environmental informa- 
tion under a heading of “Did 
You Know?” and offers a 
wealth of suggestions and 
ideas. 


The Next Step: 50 More 
Things You Can Do to Save the 
Earth 


1991. 120 pps. 

A follow-up to the earlier 
edition that adds more ideas 
and suggestions. This is the 
book for people who are ready 
to take the next step. 


The Recycler’s Handbook 
1990. 132 pps. 

A handy home guide for all 
recyclers: includes informa- 
tion on getting started, what 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


can be recycled, and simple 
suggestions about how to 
recycle, reuse, and reduce. 


50 Simple Things Kids Can Do 
to Save the Earth 
1990. 156 pps. 

A well written, popular 
guide that offers information to 
help children understan 
environmental issues and 
provides simple and inexpen- 
sive ideas that children can put 
into practice. 


50 Simple Things 
Business Can Do to 


. 120 pps. 

Here is a guide that can help 
the business person save 
money as well as reduce the 
impact of office practices on 
the environment. 


SO Simple Spade Kids Can Do 
cy 


This handy little guide for 
kids not only includes informa- 
tion on how and what to 
recycle, but also contains a 
great deal of educational 
information to help children 
understand why recycling is 
important. 


Environmental Literacy: 
Everything You Need to Know 
About Saving Our Planet 

by Steven H. Dashefsky. 

1993. Random House, New 
York. 298 pps. 

This book is a fast, fluent, 
comprehensive A-to-Z hand- 
book of key words, 
expressions, and concepts 
related to the most critical 
issue facing all of us today -- 
the state of our planet. The 
book will help everyone 
understand the issues and 
become better informed to 
Participate in the environmen- 
tal debates that face us today 
and in the future. 


The Garbage Primer: A 
Handbook for Citizens by the 
League of Women Voters 
1993. Lyons and Burford, New 


York. 181 pps. 

The League of Women 
Voters has put together a 
wonderful handbook for adults 
that is a useful resource 
conveying technical informa- 
tion in a language that lay 
persons can understand. The 
handbook addresses important 
political, environmental, and 
economic concerns about 
garbage in a clear, unbiased 
manner. 


Green Home: Planning and 
Building the Environmentally 
Advanced House 

by Wayne Gardy. 1993. 
Camden House, Camden East, 
Ontario. 208 pps. 

A fascinating journey 
through the complex decision- 
making involved in building a 
house with respect for the 
environment. Green Home is a 
must for anyone who plans to 
build or buy a house and for 
those who recognize that the 
housing decisions we make 
today will affect the planet we 
live on forever. 


How to Live Green, Cheap, 
and Ha 
by Randi Hacker. 1994. 
Stackpole Books, 
Mechanicsburg, PA. 82 pps. 
Guidelines on everything 
from growing your own food to 
working out in the Earth Gym 
to bringing back the barter 
system. Without asking you to 
give up the comforts of the 
20th century, the author 
ushers in life styles for the new 
millennium. 


Worms Eat My Garbage 

by Mary Appelhof. 1982. 
Flower Press, Kalamazoo, MI. 
100 pps. 

An expertly written, 
practical and educational 
manual that is enjoyable and 
fun to read. The author tells 
how you can use earthworms 
to help recycle your garbage, 
create compost for your 
garden, and help to save space 
in landfills. 

— Larry DeBuhr, Ph.D. 
Director of Education 


VP fe Bh 


P : : es ¢. 7 
Peter Raven (center) presented awards to (from left): Christine Kurtz- 


Fuerhoff, Katherine Chambers, Sue Oertli, and Iris Guenther. 


Below: The Tower Grove House Auxiliary (from left): Jean 
Crowder, Carol Ann Rechtien, Anita Siegmund, Norma Silber, 
Norma Hill, Marilyn Raphael, and Gloria Schopp. Not pictured: 
Nancy Alt, Jeanette Ellerman. 


Volunteer Evening 1994 


A RECEPTION held in Monsanto Hall on June 21, 1994, paid 
tribute to the hundreds of men and women who donate their 
time, expertise, energy, and enthusiasm to the Garden each year 
by volunteering to help with departmental work. In presenting 
awards to the individuals recognized this year for outstanding 
service, Dr. Raven said: 

“The citizens of this community depend on us to present the 
very best, whether it is discovering plants in Africa, teaching 
children about biodiversity, or lifting the human spirit with 
beautiful floral displays. Our programs continue to expand, and 
now we must respond to that demand without the added re- 
sources we sought through the Proposition E tax campaign. This 
is when we realize particularly how important the support of our 
volunteers has become, since we could not respond to the 
tremendous demand without your help.... The contributions 
demonstrated by the people we recognize tonight are splendid, 
and their friendship and camaraderie lighten our day.” 

Christine Kurtz-Fuerhoff was honored with the Special 
Achievement Award for her work over the past year: she 
corrected over 2500 pages of Master Gardener weekly homework, 
gave programs for the Soule Center, and served on the Master 
Gardener Steering Committee board. 

Sue Oertli received the Extra Service Hours Award, designed 
to honor volunteers who give time above and beyond their 
normal volunteer commitment. Sue has served on the Members’ 
Board since 1977. She developed the Membership Services Desk 
eleven years ago, has worked on many major events and 
fundraisers, and still volunteers at the Membership Desk ona 
regular basis. 

Iris Guenther received the Commitment Award for her work 
in mounting plant specimens in the herbarium. This award 
recognizes volunteers who conscientiously perform the repetitive, 
often dull tasks so necessary to the smooth functioning of any 
department. Iris is known for her hard work, but also for her 
sense of humor and her wonderful smile. 


The Organization Award honors the volunteer group with its 
own organization and governing body that handles its own 
projects and affairs, makes an outstanding contribution on special 
projects, and donates many hours or demonstrates outstanding 
commitment. The Tower Grove House Auxiliary operates the 
Tea Room in Tower Grove House, presents Henry Shaw's Birth- 
day in July and the Candlelight Tours during the holidays, and 
serves special holiday luncheons. All profits go to support the 
ongoing renovation and repair of Tower Grove House. These 
outstanding volunteers take on enormous responsibility and 
contribute a great deal of time: Nancy Alt, Jean Crowder, Jeanette 
Ellerman, Norma Hill, Marilyn Raphael, Carol Ann Rechtien, 
Gloria Schopp, and Anita Siegmund. They are assisted by Norma 
Silber, manager of Tower Grove House, herself a past president of 
the Auxiliary. 

The Volunteer Emeritus award honors an inactive volunteer 
who has given more than ten years of outstanding service to the 
Garden. On Volunteer Evening the Garden honored the late 
Carol McCloskey for her work with Tower Grove House and the 
Master Gardener Program. Carol was a ready teacher with a love 
of history and growing plants. The Garden staff, members, and 
friends miss her and were greatly saddened by her death on May 
12. Her son Mark McCloskey accepted the award in his mother's 
memory, and a Rhododendron shrub has been dedicated in her 
name. 

Katherine Chambers received the Career Service Award, 
presented to the volunteer who has made repeated substantial 
contributions within a single division or in several areas over a 
number of years. Katherine, a retired teacher for the St. Louis 
Public Schools and professor for Harris Stowe State Teachers’ 
College, has been a Garden Guide and Volunteer Instructor for 
many years. She also volunteers at the Science Center, Washing- 
ton University, the International Institute, the St. Louis Nature 
Study Society, the Webster Groves Nature Study Society, the 
Missouri Native Plant Society, and the Audobon Society. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 9, 


ee 


i GARDEN’S HIGHEST HONOR, the Henry Shaw Medal, will be 
awarded to Professor Joseph Ewan and Nesta Dunn Ewan on 
October 26, 1994, in honor of their lifetime achievements as pre- 
eminent 20th century interpreters of American natural history. 
The Medal will be presented at a dinner honoring Henry Shaw 
Associates and Garden Fellows at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel. 

The Ewans are internationally renowned scholars. Born in 1909 


Joe and Nesta Ewan in front of the 


Joseph and Nesta Ewan To Receive 
Henry Shaw Medal 


and 1908, Joe in Philadelphia and Nesta in Saskatchewan, the 
couple met while majoring in botany at the University of 
193 


in words of David Staff Jordan, “a critic on the hearth.” Over the 
course of 60 years they also have amassed a unique collection of 
over 5,600 rare and valuable volumes that have answered questions 
here and around the world. 


continue their studies. Announci 
den director Peter H. Raven said, 
its relevance to the work we 


one of the most exciting I’ve 
collection is housed in the 1859 Museum Building, 


a fitting home 
10. BULLETIN 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


Museum Building 


for what has been called one of the world’s most comprehensive 
collections on the history of natural history. 

The Ewan Collection is centered on the history of biology and 
biography of scientists, travel and exploration, history of entomol- 
ogy, conchology, ornithology, and geology, besides rarer botanical 
works. The collection includes presentation copies and foreign 
language editions, volumes annotated with the authors’ notes, and 
personal papers and correspondence that provide significant 
primary source material. 


Extraordinary teachers are born, not made, and Joseph Ewan 
is a prime example. “Knowledge is so much more than a 
collection of isolated facts,” he is fond of saying. “The interrela- 
tionships among disciplines yield a far deeper insight. For 
example, knowing about insects illuminates the understanding 
of pollination. Understanding a botanical specimen involves 
knowing when, where and why it was collected, at what season, 
and what forces may have influenced its development.” Certainly 


mortar that connect the bricks of facts; and weeds, fascinating, 
aggressive, resilient, adaptable and successful life forms all over the 
world. 


He refers to it, and to his 
collection, as “a seedbed, a place where the enthusiasm for learning 
can take root in a susceptible individual and flourish. When that 
happens, one can experience the elation, the fun, of learning, of 
being carried away by a passion for knowledge.” 

That enthusiasm enlivens Joe and Nesta Ewan and all those who 
are fortunate enough to spend time in their company. 


Volunteers Needed — 

Library Receives Grant for Ewan Papers 

The Garden Library has received a $15,456 grant from the National 
Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) to pro- 
cess the research and personal papers of Joseph Ewan. In addition, 
the Garden is grateful to Mr. Charles F. Cook for donating over 
$2,500 to the project. The funds will enable the Garden to pur- 
chase a computer for use on the Ewan project. Volunteers ae 
needed to assist with the processing of the Ewan Papers. They wil 
enter information on the computer and do clerical work. To apply; 
please call Jeanne McGilligan at (314) 577-5187. 


On SALE IN OCTOBER IN THE GARDENVIEW RESTAURANT & THE GARDEN GATE SnHop 


Otive Or & Heres 

Extra virgin imported olive oil 
infused with the rich fragrance 
of rosemary or basil and garlic 
to create an incomparable oil 
for all your favorite recipes, 
one that needs no refrigeration. 
And coming soon: light tasting 
cannola oil flavored with hot 
red peppers, thyme, or lemon! 


Driep Heres 

Locally grown and packaged 
for the peak of flavor, these 
pesticide-free herbs include all 
your favorites: basil, ca 
thyme, rosemary, garlic 

whole black ecole “Sold 
in individual jars or assorted 
gift packs 


DriEp SHUTAKE MuUsHROOMS 
283 


Organically grown in the 


FresH SALSA 

Spark your meals with the 
vibrant colors and flavors of 
fresh tomatoes, chilis, onions, 
cilantro, herbs and spices, ina 
chunky concoction that’s not 
too hot, not too meek — just 
right. 


Freso Bean Dip 

Olé! This lively combination 
of pinto beans, peppers and 
spices is hearty, flavorful, and 
has NO FAT — enjoy! 


Missouri Ozarks by Bald Eagle, a 


BARBEQUE SAUCE 
Everyone claims theirs is the 
best, but but this is the one 
they'll ask for again and again. 
Deep and dark, thick with 
spices and brown sugar, rich 
with the flavor you've been 
looking for — this one is The 
Ultimate. Use it as a marinade, 
basting sauce, even baked with 
your favorite beans! 


Fresu Con Queso 

Real cheddar cheese and spicy 
chilis combine for a luscious 
dip, or make baked chicken 
into a special treat. 


ComiInG SOON — 

HERBS DE PROVENCE 

A wonderful taste of the South 
of France in a fragrant blend of 
herbs, fennel, and orange peel. 


RECIPE FOR 

Jupy’s BAKep Beans 

A working woman's delight! 
Drain and rinse three cans of 
your favorite beans — pinto, 
navy, Great Northern, black, or 
a combination — and combine 
in a baking dish with a 
chopped onion and two cups 
of Missouri Botanical Garden 
Barbeque Sauce. Heat through 
sand serve to six lucky people. 


Have you ever wished you could take 
some of the delights of the Garden 
home with you — or share them with 
a friend far away? Now you can! The 
Missouri Botanical Garden introduces 
an exciting new line of herbs, spices, 
and condiments, straight from the 
kitchens of Ces & Judy, the talented 
chefs of the Gardenview Restaurant. 
These charming jars and gift packs are 
competitively priced, just right for 
holiday gift giving. 

Preview these wonderful new 
gift ideas at the “Best of 
Missouri” Market October 9! 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 11]. 


inspect it closely for twig 
blighting and blotched leaves. 
Samples can be confirmed by a 
University Extension agent or 
Department of Agriculture 
official or Plant Doctors at the 
Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening. 


ening 


How Great Is the Threat? 
As far as we know, the 
disease is not presently here in 
our native forest dogwood 
population. Therefore, the 
disease will probably be 
introduced by infected 
ornamental dogwoods sold to 
eople planting residential 
properties. Careful purchase, 
correct planting, using 
resistant dogwood species, and 
good maintenance practices 
will slow or avoid problems 
associated with this disease. 


Home Gard 


What to Look For When 
You Buy 

Don’t expect to see dog- 
wood anthracnose on your 
older landscape trees just yet. 
Because be els He was 


SINCE the late 1970s, the 


decline and mortality of 
dogwood trees in northeastern 


e 
2) 
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Missouri Department of 
Conservation. 

The disease is associate 
with hundreds off 


most popular flowering 
landscape tree, there is great 
concern that the disease will 
wipe out dogwoods the same 
way killer diseases ees 
elms, chestnuts’a 

A multi-state Aoi is 


underway to locate and’ eS Bs more 
infected plants introduced. into « nose disease 
utr, Kansas-and Indiana ” The -<: 
This will be difficult singe) e si apes eae 


. | leaf infections also infects 

| twigs and brahehes. Avoid 

si ts trees with shrivelled 
wigs or dead branches as well 

SEPTEMBER / Pte 1994 ; 


many. plants were-sold cash-= 
and-carry. If you bought a 
flowering dogwood this year, 
12. BULLETIN 


ee “trees growing in full sun 

; Kexposuresi ‘but to a lesser 

extent 
Ti 


A THREAT TO OUR STATE TREE? 


as trees that display succulent 
“watersprouts” on the lower 
main stem. Sprouting also can 
be a symptom of a general top 
decline associated with other 
stress factors. Watersprouts 
are very susceptible to the 
disease and are the quickest 
avenue to leaf infections 
growing down into the main 
stem, where cankers will form. 
Active cankers eventually 
restrict the flow of water and 
nutrients and lead to death of a 
tree. In general, buy nursery- 
grown trees that have been 
certified as “disease free” by 
the state department of 
agriculture’s plant inspection 
division. 


Planting Site 

Because dogwood 
anthracnose was shipped into 
the state, the good news is that 
it has not become established 
nor demonstrated its ability to 
spread in our climate, yet. 
Researchers indicate that the 
disease organism has a hard 
time surviving hot summer 
eratures and may die out 
sshort exposures of 95°F. 
od\mortality in north- 


| eastern forests has been 

i a” with populations 

L erowing-in 
humid/site 


‘Ow, 
ggest ‘mistakes i is to plant 
here the tree receives a full 


makes them prone to summer 


“| watet ‘stress and sunscald. 


Dogwoods flourish where 


arg! ns Soils are well drained> surface 


tmulched With-leaf litter, and 
on sites receiving a maximum 


halfday of full sun.. Thesé 


growing-conditions are similar 
to dogwoods’ native habitat in 
our forests and pose the least 
risk of anthracnose infection, 


as well as lowering the 
incidence of insect attack, 
particularly by borers. 


Resistant Dogwoods 

Most of the damage by 
anthracnose disease has been 
done to the eastern flowering 
dogwood, Cornus florida. 
However the Pacific dogwood, 
C. nuttallii is not immune 
either. Researchers suggest 
using the more resistant Asiatic 
dogwood, Cornus kousa, or the 

agoda dogwood, Cornus 
alternifolia, as substitutes. 

oth have later flowering times 
and different flower forms and 
are underutilized by 
homeowners. More important, 
selecting these dogwood 
species will increase the 
diversity of trees in our 
landscapes. We have learned 
from Dutch elm disease about 
the lessons of mass plantings of 
one species 

Recently Rutgers University 
has been cross breeding C 
florida with C. kousa to 
enhance resistance to dogwood 
borer, and has found that 
hybrid trees are also resistant 
to anthracnose disease. The 
six different hybrid tree 
selections represent a positive 
intervention by man to combat 
both insects and disease. 
These hybrids are now 
available from retail nurseries. 
Take Care of Those 

rees! 

When you get right down to 
it, dogwood anthracnose is 
probably not, nor ever will be, 
the number one threat to 
landscape dogwoods planted in 
warmer parts of the country, 
including the lower Midwest. 
Pathologists who have studied 
this disease and its host believe 
that string-line trimmers and 
lawn mowers remain the 
biggest enemies of landscape 
dogwoods, damaging the 
trunks of trees and making 
them vulnerable to fungi. Just 
plain good maintenance is the 
best formula for surviving an 
impending epidemic. Recom- 


S Auk: os 22.5. 2 


Regional Plant Societies 

The list below includes many of the plant societies that are active 
at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Names and telephone numbers 
for contact persons change frequently; please call the Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening at 577-9440 with changes, additions, 
or to obtain more information. 


African Violet Council Ardath Miller 394-9190 
Bonsai Society of Greater St. Louis Peter Van Mier 727-9191 
Boxwood Society of the Midwest Sheila Hoffmeister 846-8430 
Dahlia Society of Greater St. Louis Ellis Evans 843-3767 
Daylily Society of Greater St. Louis John Eiseman 991-2838 
East Central District Federated Garden Clubs of Missouri 
Gardeners of America (formerly Men’s Garden Clubs of 

America)(Ozark Region) Russell McClellan 837-2470 
Gateway Chapter of the North AmericanRock Garden Society 

June Hutson 577-9402 

Gateway West Gesneriad Society Christa Rariden 776-2823 
Henry Shaw Cactus Society Pat Thomann 773-2931 
Ikebana International 
Iris Society of Greater St. Louis 
Mid-America Regional Judging Committee of the 

American Orchid Society David Brown 727-2385 
Mid-America Regional Lily Society Fred Winterowd 423-5313 
Missouri Botanical Garden Daylily Societ 

Mirko Bolanovich 965-7471 

Missouri Mycological Society Ken Gilberg 458-1458 
Missouri Native Plant Society George Yatskievych 577-9522 
Missouri Orchid Society Ron Taube 961-0577 
O'Fallon Iris Society Roy Bohrer 240-8780 
Orchid Society of Greater St. Louis Diana Plahn 965-5007 
Rose Society of Greater St. Louis Carole Sebastian 993-9270 
Saintpaulia Society 
St. Louis Evening Herbalists Marilyn D. Miller 481-0755 
St. Louis Herb Society 
St. Louis Horticultural Society 
St. Louis Water Gardening Society 
West County Daylily Club Roy Bohrer 240-8780 
mended maintenance includes: | fertilization will promote 

1. Mulching around the disease and insect problems. 
base of trees and supplying 4. Avoid mechanical injury 
water during drought periods to the main trunk from garden 

2. Prune selectively after fall | equipment. Protect tree root 
leaf drop to open up the | systems from construction 
canopy and increase air injury 
circulation. Remove dead 5. Monitor for bark and leaf 
limbs and twigs immediately. diseases as well as boring 
Use sharp tools and disinfect insects. Chemical treatments 
with a 1:9 bleach/water mix are rarely required if problems 
between cuts. | are diagnosed early. 

3. Fertilize only according —Steven D. Cline, Ph.D. 
to soil test reports. Over Manager, Kemper Center for 
Home Gardening 


Hotline 


TEs €P Rew £ ee 


The Garden has several telephone services 
available to assist you. 


Garden Line er 
2¢-hourr d . 
hours, i d di Out d 


314, call1-800-642-8842toll free, 24 alan 


Horticultural Answer Service (314)577-5143 
Monday through Friday, 9:00 a.m. to noon, Master 
Gardeners are on hand to answer your gardening 
questions. 


Master Composter Hotline (314) 577-9555 
9:00 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. 
Specially trained Master Gardeners are on hand to 
answer your questions about yard waste manage- 
ment techniques. After hours leave a message and 
your call will be returned. The Master Composter 
program is supported by the Monsanto Fund. 


HortLine (314) 776-5522 
24-hour recorded gardening information is avail- 
able with a touch tone telephone. You will need a 
brochure listing the hundreds of HortLine topics 
in order to use the service; you may request a 
brochure by calling the Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening at (314) 577-9440, 10 a.m, to 4 p.m, 
daily, or send a stamped, self-addressed envelope 
to HortLine, Kemper Center for Home Gardening, 
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, 
MO 63166-0299 


The William T. Kemper 
4 Hour Help 


‘or the 
ner 
ome nai : 
# with regular Garden 


(314) 577-9440. 


The Plant Doctor is 


S18 tions from 10 a.m. to noon 
and 1 to 3 p.m. Monday 


through Saturday. 

1 Dy toe ' ! 

By NY NES Voy d ae 

fry AtisS NAN re ty Se) 
PS ace 


Mis“ nar 
Vi Y tani “al 


Garden day! 


Call HortLine for 
recorded gardening 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 


Center for Home Gardening 
is open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 
daily. Admission is free 


admission. For information 


on classes and activities 
at the Center, please call 


.| available at the Kemper 
Center for walk-in consulta- 


information 24 hours a 


Fe 


october 22 satura: — november 13 sunday 


Fall Flower Show 


9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Orthwein Floral Hall. A colorful display, inspired by the 
abstract paintings of Piet Mondrian, features fountains, pools, and waterfalls 
in an array of geometric shapes and levels, splashing amid vibrant plots of 
brilliantly colored mums, sunflowers, zinnias, seasonal flowers and grasses. 
Free with Garden admission. See October 21 for the Members’ Preview Party. 


september 1-5 
thursday-monday 


“The World I See” 

9 a.m. to 8 p.m. daily, 
Monsanto Hall. Colorful 
posters painted by St. Louis 
and Japanese schoolchildren 
are on display before traveling 
to Kyoto, Japan. Free with 
Garden admission. 


september 3-5 
saturday-monday 


20th Annual Japanese 


™. to 8 p.m. daily, Ridgway 


> Genter and grounds. Music, 


we martial arts, food, arts 


sion: $2 members, $6 


non-members pes 13-64; 


accompanied ‘by an ak 
Saturday: until noon, admission 
for non- members ages 13 and 
Jover is $B. See schedule 
» available at ticket counter: 
 additionat fees are required for 
some workshops and activities. 


BULLETIN 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


september 8 thursday 
Hans Droog: “The Best 
of Missouri” 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily through 
October 10, Monsanto Hall. 

An exhibit of paintings by St. 
Louis artist Hans Droog depicts 
rural scenes and agricultural 
themes. Free with Garden 
admission. 


september 15-18 
thursday-sunday 


Fall Bulb Sale 


Members’ Pre-Sale, 9 a.m. to 6 
p.m., Thursday and Friday; 
sale opens to the public, 9 a.m. 
to 5 p.m., Saturday and 
Sunday. Garden Gate Shop 
and Orthwein Floral Hall. 
Beautiful bulbs, hardy mums, 
and lots of wonderful garden 
gifts and accessories. Members 
receive a 20% discount all four 
ays. 


—_—__—_______ 


september 18 sunday 
Daylily Association 
Plant Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m., or until sold 
out; Ridgway Center. The 
Missouri Botanical Garden 
Daylily Association holds its 
annual sale of extra plants from 
the Garden’s daylily collection, 
with all proceeds going to 
benefit the Garden. Come 
early for best selection! 


september 24 & 25 


saturday & sunday 


Dahlia Flower Show 
9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, 
Orthwein Floral Hall. The 
Greater St. Louis Dahlia 
Society welcomes exhibitors 
from throughout the seven- 
state Midwest Conference. 
Colorful arrangements and 
individual blooms will be 
judged and displayed. Free 
with Garden admission. 


wednesdays & saturdays 
Garden Walkers’ 
Breakfast 

7 a.m., grounds. In coopera- 
tion with the American Heart 
Association, the grounds open 
early every Wednesday and 
Saturday morning to encourage 
fitness walking. Greenhouses 
open at 9a.m. Breakfast is 
available for purchase in the 
Gardenview Restaurant, 7 to 


10:30 a.m. Admission is free 
on Wednesdays and Saturdays 
until noon. 


every day 


Free Walking Tours 

1 p.m. daily. Meet the Garden 
Guides at the Ridgway Center 
ticket counter, rain or shine, 
for a fascinating tour of the 
Garden. Free with regular 
admission. 


september 28 
wednesday 


“I Love Eating” Class 
11 a.m. to 12:15 p.m., Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening. 
Today’s topic: “Cooking with 
Spirit —- How Wine and 
Liqueurs Work in Foods and 
Affect Your Health.” Nutri- 
tionists from the American 
Heart Association sort through 
the maze of information and 
demonstrate some delicious 
recipes. Sponsored by the 
Garden in conjunction with 
the American Heart Associa- 
tion and the Missouri Soybean 
Merchandising Council. 
Classes and admission are free, 
but reservations are required: 
please call 45-HEART or 1- 
800-255-9919 to register. 


october 8 & 9 

saturday & sunday 
Historic Shaw Art 
Fair 

10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday, 10 
a.m. to 4 p.m. Sunday, on 
Flora Place just east of the 
Garden’s Spink Pavilion. The 
works of 100 artists will be on 
display for sale, sponsored by 
the Shaw Neighborhood 
Improvement Association. 
Admission is $3 per adult, $2 
with flyer available at the 
Garden, free to children age 14 
and under if accompanied by 
an adult. Call (314) 773-3935 
or (314) 569-0378 for more 
information. 


october 9 sunday 
“Best of Missouri” 
Market 

10 a.m. to 5 p.m., grounds. 
See page 16 for details. 
october 21 friday 
Members’ Preview: 
Fall Flower Show 

5 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
Members get an advance look 


at the first Garden flower show 
of the winter season. Entertain- 


RRNA 
Members’ Days 


september 21 wednesday 


Festive Floral Decorating 

10 a.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Join award- 
winning floral designers from Ladue Florist, Inc. for 
the latest tips and tricks for creating your own 
lovely decorations for the autumn and winter 
holiday season. Attendance drawing; seating is 
limited. Free, for members only. 


ment, cash bar. Dinner buffet 
available in the Gardenview 
Restaurant; Garden Gate Shop 
will be open. Free, for 
members only. See highlight. 


october 22 & 23 
saturday & sunday 


Fall Lily Sale 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, Ridgway 
Center. The Mid-America 
Regional Lily Society holds its 
annual fall bulb sale. 


october 11 tuesday 
“A Step Back In Time...” 


10 a.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Norma Silber, 
manager of Tower Grove House, presents a slide 
lecture on the history of Henry Shaw’s country 
home, followed by tours of the House from 11 a.m. 
to 1 p.m. Lecture and tours are free, for members 
only; seating is limited. Also, enjoy luncheon in the 
Tower Grove House Tea Room from noon to | p.m. 
Reservations for luncheon are $9.75 per person, 
gratuity included, and must be paid in advance. 
Please call (314) 577-5150 to make reservations, 
and make checks payable to Tower Grove House 
Auxiliary. 


october 26 wednesday 


“I Love Eating” Class 
Today’s topic: “The Roots of 
Great Health: Favorite Veggies 
from Below and Above the 
Ground.” Join food and 
nutrition experts as they 
unearth ways to make carrots, 
rutabagas, parsnips and their 
relatives into delicious autumn 
recipes. See September 28 for 
details. 


october 29 thursday 
25th Anniversary 

Celebration: Missouri 
Coalition for the 


Environment 

For 25 years the Missouri 
Coalition for the Environment 
has worked to protect and 
enhance our state’s air, water, 
and soil. Garden members and 
the public are invited to share 
in a special evening that 
celebrates the anniversary of 
the founding of the Coalition, 
which was incorporated at a 
meeting held at the Garden in 
1969. Dr. Peter H. Raven will 
serve as master of ceremonies, 
and the stars of television’s 
“Donnybrook” will take to the 
stage with “Donnybrook Looks 
at the Environment.” Cock- 
tails, $25; dinner, $50; or $75 
per person for the evening. 
Please call (314) 727-0600 for 
more information and reserva- 


tions. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 roe 


Third Annual re 
“Best of Missouri ” Market E 
Sunday, October 9, 1994 a 


10 a.m. to 5 p.m. th 
Admission: $2 per person for members: $6 per person for the oe 


public (includes Garden admission ): free to children under 12. BERR: 


we hete 


Sponsored by: Commerce Bank of St. Louis; Premier Homes; 


Boatmen's National Bank of St. Louis: St. Louis County Farm Bureau 


ENTERTAINMENT Disptays 
Country & Bluegrass Music Agriculture Displays, Canning Demonstra- ee. 
on Spoehrer Plaza tions, and a Petting Farm uunene 
ieee Foop CRAFTS wists 
oe “3 -: Brats, Barbecued Pork Loin, Deep Fried Hand-Thrown Pottery * Willow Furniture renee 
sete Missouri Catfish, Slaw, Potato Salad, Garden Accessories * Carved Wooden Birds a 
zee Sandwiches, Pastries, Soft Drinks & Beer Hand-Spun & Woven Fabrics « Clay Tile Tren 
saueun Candles * Wooden Boxes © Dried Flowers & raeae 
Pees © oY une 
errr PRODUCE Wreaths * Decorative Ironwork Angora : a 
Sree Yarn Baskets © Missouri Wildflower Jewelry i 
Sauces 4 
oe Missouri SpeciaLTy —“S1GNATURE COLLECTION” ete 
umpkins Trres 
Mishra GROWERS OF MBG Plants cannes 
Wines Bowood Farms, Clarksville 400 plants propagated from the : vate 
Baked Hamilton Seeds Garden grounds, greenhouses, and SPL 3 23: 
Goods Hartke Nursery the Arboretum, including many 
Relishes Missouri Wildflowers Nursery, native Missouri species. 
Pickles Jefferson City : 
Gourds Nicholson Bonsai Studio, iiemance Deewing J sh Suave 
772323 Dressings Gift Baskets St. Louis rigieiciaid Prizes — Watch your mail 
-i2+2s Popcorn re S & S Aqua Farm for details of the event! 


SPECIAL ENTRANCES. 


stzexs Plus—The Historic Shaw Art Fair- 


Enter at the corner of Alfred 
Cacws October 8 & 9 & Magnolia; Spink Pavilion 
seep ; ep on Tower Grove; or the main 
reese 100 artists exhibit along Flora Place, 


entrance on Shaw. For more 
convenient parking arrange a 
car pool, or take MetroLink 
and the Number 13 Bi-State 
flyer available at the Garden; a: ah tether Gerdial 

r free if accompanied by an adult. nbs 


xen 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday, 
saeeea 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Sunday. 


;2ii3) $3 per person, $2 with 


elas children age 14 and unde 


~ereewy, 


16. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


Members’ Admission Prices for Japanese Festival 


This year, Garden members are asked to 
join the general public in paying admis- 
sion to the Japanese Festival. At this time 
of greater and greater demands on the 
Garden's resources, we appreciate our 
members’ support more than ever; 
unfortunately it is no longer possible to 
make the Japanese Festival available free 
to our members. 

Admission to the Japanese Festival is $2 
for members; $6 for non-members ages 13 
to 64; and $4.50 for non-members age 65 
and older. As always, children under 12 
are admitted free and must be accompa- 
nied by an adult. These prices cover both 
general Garden and Festival admission. 

On Saturday, September 2, from 7 a.m. 
to noon, admission is $3 for non-members 
13 and older; $2 for members, children age 
12 and under are admitted free and must 


until noon. 


your admission. 


Many performances and activities are 
included with Festival admission. How- 
ever, admission prices do not include 
certain performance and activity tickets 
that must be purchased separately for 
select Festival events. Please consult a 
schedule, available when you purchase 


Your Membership Discount- 
A Reminder to Our Members 


be accompanied by an adult. These prices 
cover Festival admission; admission to the 
Garden is always free to all on Saturdays 


Members are reminded that they must 
show their membership cards in the 
Garden Gate Shop to receive the members’ 
ten percent discount on purchases. This is 
a special benefit reserved for Garden 
members, who are requested not to loan 
their cards to non-members who wish to 
make purchases in the Shop. All proceeds 
from the Garden Gate Shop go to benefit 
the Garden, and we deeply appreciate the 
members who extend their support by 
respecting the special discount privileges. 


Buy or Renew a Membership and Get a 

Three-Day Pass to the Festival! 

Buy or renew a membership to the Garden during Labor Day Weekend and receive a 
FREE three-day pass to the Japanese Festival. The pass provides general admission to 
the festival, not valid for individually ticketed festival performances. 


A Garden Member’ Top Ten Reasons To Support 
The Henry Shaw Fund Year-End Appeal: 


1. See the “Top Ten Reasons” contest below! 
2. Watch your mail for this one! 


3. I want St. Louis to continue to be home to the finest botanical 
garden in the world. Annual giving helps to support every facet 


of daily operations at the Garden. 


4. The carp in the Japanese Garden lake need to maintain the 
standard of eating to which they have become accustomed. 
Indeed, the largest Japanese Garden outside Japan needs daily 
care to prune, feed, rake, and maintain its wonderful trees, 
shrubs, lake, and architectural features. 

5. lama senior citizen who needs to boost current income, and 
there is a special gift to the Garden that does that. The gift helps 
both me and the Garden — what a concept! 


6. Isure could use an income tax deduction. 


7. The Climatron just wouldn't be the same without waterfalls. 
Annual giving helps to maintain all the services behind the scenes 
— such as plumbing, electric, and water systems — that are so 


easy to overlook. 


8. Tower Grove House is my favorite place to bring guests for 
holiday lunches, to be the perfect host and pretend | am a land 
baron. Annual giving is specifically designated to cover operating 


costs throughout the Garden, expenses such as caring for gutters, 
painting, tuckpointing, and more. 


9. I sure could use an income tax deduction! 


10. When I need gardening information, I don’t have hours to 
find the right answers. With the Horticulture Answer Service and 
HortLine, help is as close as my phone. These services would not 
be available without help from annual giving. 


“Top Ten Reasons” Contest 

As you can see, we already know a lot of good reasons why it is so 
important to give to the Henry Shaw Fund Year-End Appeal. We 
would like to hear the reasons why the Garden is important to 
you, and why everyone should participate in the year-end appeal. 
Whether you have one reason or ten reasons, tell us what makes 
the Garden what you love -- every day! 

If your reason is chosen to headline the 1994 Year-End Appeal 
campaign, you or a friend you designate will win a $500 
Director's Associate membership for a full year, with all of the 
benefits of upper level membership including the annual recogni- 
tion dinner. You'll also have the satisfaction of knowing that you 
have been a key participant in one of our most important 
fundraising efforts. 

Submit your ideas in writing to: Henry Shaw Fund Year-End 
Appeal Contest, Development Office, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, 
Missouri 63166-0299. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 17. 


Cecil G. 

Wood lil 
Awarded 
the Just 

Scholar- 
ship 


E. Desmond 


Cecil Wood with his parents, Cecil and Pearlie Wood 


EDA ek AE TT ON Dee 20S 


In JuLy the Garden 
announced the 
awarding of the 
1994-95 Dr. Ernest 
E. Just Scholarship 
to Cecil G. Wood 
III of St. Louis. The 
$5,000 renewable 
scholarship is 
awarded to African- 
American under- 
graduates from St. 
Louis majoring in 
biological science. 

Cecil is a junior 
at Washington 
University in St. Louis and is pursuing a double major 
in biological and engineering sciences and Spanish, 
working toward a career as a doctor in genetic 
engineering. He graduated from John Burroughs High 
School where he was a National Merit Scholar, 
National Achievement Scholar, and AP Scholar with 
Distinction. 

At Washington University, Cecil has been honored 
with the John B. Ervin Scholarship Program and the 
Scholars’ Program in Medicine. He is assured admis- 
sion into Washington University Medical School upon 


graduation from the undergraduate program with his 
continued level of academic performance. His 
extracurricular activities include serving as interna- 
tional editor for the Washington University Window, 
committee chair for the cultural celebration commit- 
tee, committee chair for the pre-medical society, and 
membership on the Washington University film 
society, Filmboard. 

“Cecil is the third St. Louisan to receive the 
Garden’s highest honor for undergraduate achieve- 
ment,” said Dr. Peter H. Raven, director. “His record 
and his accomplishments are outstanding. his future 
is exceptionally bright and the Garden is proud to bea 
part of his education.” 

The Just Scholarship is named for Dr. Ernest E. 
Just, an African-American scientist recognized for his 
brilliant research work in biology focusing on human 
cells. The Missouri Botanical Garden began awarding 
the Just Scholarship in 1992. Previous recipients 
include Ms. Pamela Hughes and Kevin Ferguson, both 
of St. Louis. 

The Garden encourages African-American college 
sophomores studying science to inquire about the Just 
Scholarship by writing the Missouri Botanical Garden, 
Education Division/Just Scholarship Program, P.O. 
Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri, 63166. 


and Mary Ann Lee Family Education Center 


The building at 4475 Castleman will be renovated to provide additional offices, 
classrooms, and storage facilities for the Garden’s Education Division. 


18. BULLETIN 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


Mk. anv Mrs. E. DesMonp LEE have made the lead 
gift to acquire the building at 4475 Castleman, near 
the corner of Vandeventer and Shaw, to provide 
additional facilities for the Garden’s Education 
Division. The building, which formerly housed 
Paraquad, will be remodelled as space for offices, 
classrooms, and storage. 

In April, 1994, Mr. and Mrs. Lee and their family 
announced a gift to create a program for science 
education for under-served urban schools. The 
program supports the work of the Garden, the St. 
Louis Science Center, and the Saint Louis Zoo. 

“The new building is a wonderful addition to our 
facilities,” said Dr. Larry DeBuhr, director of educa- 
tion for the Garden. “Our education programs have 
grown dramatically in recent years, and these new 
facilities will provide additional office space, class- 
rooms for the Henry Shaw Academy afterschool and 
Saturday programs, and expanded facilities for teacher 
training. The staff will communicate directly with the 
Ridgway Center through a computer network.” 

Dr. Peter H. Raven, director, said, “We are deeply 
grateful to Des, Mary Ann, and their family for their 
ongoing support of our education program. This new 
facility represents our ongoing commitment to serve 
the people of St. Louis and our neighborhood.” 


SHOP 


Receive 15% Members’ 
Discount on Holiday Cards 
When You Order by Mail! 


1994 MBG Holiday Card 
THE 1994 Missouri Botanical Garden Holi- 
day Card isa cl ing view of Tower Grove 
House, complete with Henry Shaw and his 
friends and family enjoying a sleigh ride. 
This whimsical scene is painted in full color 
by local artist Ann Thompson, the third in 
her series of Garden cards for the holidays. 
This year it is even easier to support the 
Garden by sending these delightful cards. 
If you order by mail you will receive a 15 
percent discount plus shipping and han- 
dling; or purchase cards in the Garden Gate 
Shop at the usual ten percent members’ dis- 
count. Cards come in sets of 12 with 12 
envelopes for $12.00 per box. Watch your 
mail for the special flyer, use the order form 
at right, or call the Shop at (314) 577-5136 
Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. 


1995 Garden Calendar 


Gardexu dlendar 
1995 MBG Calendar 
The new Missouri Botanical Garden Calen- 


dar for 1995 is available in the Shop, with 
wonderful new full color photographs by 


Order Form 
C) Enclosed is my check or money order for 


$_______, payable to Missouri Botanical Garden 


O MasterCard O Visa 


Please charge: 
Account No. 


Exp. Date Name as it appears on card 


Sea «| | Arete A 


Please send me ___ 1995 


United States: call (314) 577-5136. Enclose a 
| Gift Order Form es seh for each we Calendar 
| to be mailed to a separate address. For delivery 
l in the United States for “A 1994 hy season, 


orders must be received by November 30, 19 


‘@) 


alendars to be sent to my address: 


Total Calendars and Shipping:$____ nities 


Jack Jennings. The 16" x 12" poster-size 
calendars include a full color poster on the 
ora Mesoamericana Project and the 
Garden’s research program, and are priced 
at $10.95. Members receive a ten percent 
discount, plus shipping and handling. Call 
(314) 577-5136 Monday through Friday, 9 
a.m. to 5 p.m., or use the order form above. 


Annual Fall Bulb Sale- 
Members Take 20% 
Discount 


Members’ Pre-Sale: Thursday and Friday, 

September 15 and 16, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 
Sale Open to the Public: Saturday and 

Sunday, Sept. 17 and 18, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. 
A spectacular special sale of bulbs and 
colorful hardy mums, plus the best in flow- 
ering plants, books, gifts, and gardening 
accessories. Members receive 20 percent 
off all merchandise, all four days. 


Gift Calendars 
Please send 1995 Garden Calendars to 
Name 


Address 


City State Zip 


Sign Gift Card 


1994 MBG Holiday Cards: 
Please send me boxes of Holiday Cards 
@$10.20 each (member's discount), 


plus shipping 


Up to $24: $ 4.25 
$25 to $48 5.50 
$49 to $96 7.50 


$97 to $144 
$145 to $240: 10.75 


Over $240: 10% of order, 


9.75 


not to exceed $175.00 


Total for Cards and Shipping: $ 


All Orders: 


Mail To: Garden Gate Shop 

Missouri Botanical Garden 

P.O. Box 299 

St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 
Phone: (314) 577-5136, Monday-Friday 


Lak sh see ss eis ek lm a eS ae ee 


Garden Clubs Offer 
Landscape Design Course 


The Federated Garden Clubs of Missouri, 
Missouri Landscape Design Critics Coun- 
cil, and the Garden, in cooperation with the 
National Council of State Garden Clubs, 
will present the thira in a series of four 
annual Landscape Design Courses at the 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening on 
October 3,4, and 5, 1994. Participants need 
not have taken earlier courses to take Course 
Ill. The classes are designed to benefit both 
professional and amateur horticulturists and 
are intended as a public service to educate 
interested persons about good landscaping 
practices. 

Attendance is limited to 70 people. There 
is an optional reading list and written ex- 
amination for those seeking to become 
members of the Landscape Design Critics 
Council. The course fee is $50; the fee for 
one day is $25. For more information and 
registration, call 532-3232 or 993-1836. 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 19. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


NEWS FROM SHAW 


ARBORETUM 


Ecological 
imbalance 
Threatens 
Biodiversity 


Ww 
ALWYN GENTRY REMEMBERED — Friends and staff of the Garden 
gathered in the Climatron on the afternoon of August 3, 1994, to 


In Arrica, elephants are converting forests to 
grasslands as they knock down trees to eat the leaves. 
On the American great plains, prairie dogs are close- 
cropping many plant species in prairie dog towns. 
Closer to home, yet now well known to most Garden 
members, are the changes occurring in American 
woodlands resulting from surging populations of deer. 

Among the general public it is unimagined by some 
and controversial to others that the deer which grace 
our woodlands can be a force of destruction. It is not 
merely a problem of deer nibbling shrubs and garden 
plants in suburban backyards, but is in fact a serious 
ecological problem in “protected” natural areas 

oughout the region. 

First reported in the 1930s by Aldo Leopold, 
damage caused by deer was noticed by ecologists 
decades ago. Since then, a growing body of scientific 
studies demonstrates that deer are the cause of many 
disturbing changes in North American forests. Many 
articles on the deer problem have appeared in 
publications ranging from Reader’s Digest to the 
technical journal Conservation Biology. A recent 
article in American Forests magazine (November/ 
December 1993) is the most complete presentation of 
the data in the popular press 

The best available estimates indicate that deer 
occurred in populations of five to fifteen square-mile 
at the time of European settlement. Forests within 
this range of deer numbers today are the healthiest in 
terms of plant diversity, both in wildflower abundance 


and number of seedling and adult tree species, and in 
the diversity of animals that depend on the plants. 
Forests with greater than 15 deer per square mile 
show signs of decline. Those with over 60 deer per 
square mile, common in many midwestern and 
eastern U.S. woodlands today, show about 30 percent 
reduction in sapling height and species representa- 
tion, about 35 percent reduction in songbir 
abundance, and a shocking 300 percent reduction in 
wildflower abundance. All other forest life is ulti- 
mately dependent on plant diversity, so as deer 
destroy biodiversity among plants, the other species 
suffer losses as well. 

These statistics indicate that deer are out of balance 
in our woodlands and are taking more than their 
ecological “fair share” of the resources at the expense 
of biological diversity. Approximately one major 
independent study each year between 1983 and 1990 
showed that deer density of less than 15 per square 
mile is necessary for successful natural regeneration 
or human-initiated restoration of vegetation. Woode 
habitats with very high deer density decline to stands 
of older trees with no wildflowers, shrubs or saplings. 
This type of damage has begun at the Missouri 
Botanical Garden’s own Shaw Arboretum in Gray 
Summit, where staff and volunteers are monitoring 
the area so that measures can be taken when necessary 
to prevent more serious damage. 

— James C. Trager, Ph.D. 
Arboretum Naturalist 


dedicate a plaque in memory of Garden curator Alwyn H. Gentry. Dr. 

try, the world’s foremost expert on the plants of Latin America, 
and three others were killed on August 3, 1993, in a plane crash near 
Guayquil, Ecuador while doing an aerial survey of the forest. Those 
attending included Gentry’s wife Rosa del Carmen Ortiz- Gentry, his 
son Darrell Gentry and his daughter Diane Gentry, shown in the 
lower right of the photograph below. Dr. Nancy R. Morin, assistant 
director, and Dr. Oliver Phillips, one of Gentry’s students, addressed 
the ow The plaque reads, “In loving memory of Alwyn H. Gentry, 
1945-1993. Renowned botanist, ecologist, conservationist, and 
ae Your prscanetanesed spirit and passion for tropical forests 
ee Ret ltt us — 


me 


BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 


a~ 
Howarp Hucues ProGRraM TRAINS pei AND STUDENTS — 


Last year the Garden was one of only 22 science museums to receive 
grants from the Howard Hughes Medical ons for training 
elementary science teachers. This summer the first group of ten 
teachers worked with Garden education staff to teach summer science 
programs for children from St. Louis city schools (shown above), 
utilizing the new strategies and concepts the teachers have learned in 
the training program. Both s 


classrooms with new knowledge and skills to enrich their teaching. 


eee ewe 


From Juty 8 To 18, 15 elementary teachers from Mis- 
souri walked among the sea lions, blue-footed boobies, 
waved albatrosses, marine iguanas, and unusual plants 
of the Galapagos Islands. The group studied the unique 
ecological relationships between the plants and ani- 
mals of this exciting island system. Along with the 
Garden, the workshop was co-sponsored by the Uni- 
versity of Missouri-Kansas City and funded by the 
Missouri Coordinating Board for Higher Education. 


In JULY sixteen teachers and other adventurers joined 
ECO-ACT coordinator Barbara Addelson and me on an 
adventure to Trinidad and Tobago, the southernmost 
Caribbean islands just six miles off the coast of 
Venezuela. For nine days we explored unspoiled tropi- 
cal habitats, from mountain rain forests to savannahs, 
salt water swamps, beaches and coral reefs. 

From our idyllic location at the Asa Wright Nature 
Centre, nestled in the mountains of the Northern Range 
of Trinidad, we spent four days exploringing this former 
coffee-cocoa-citrus plantation. e had spectacular 
views of blue-crowned motmots perched in huge bam- 
boo thickets and an array of blooming epiphytes clinging 
to tree branches, with the raucous cries of parrots flying 
overhead. Excursions included a late afternoon boat 
ride through the mangroves of Caroni Swamp, where 
we saw a breathtaking flight of scarlet ibis returning to 
their mangrove roosts at dusk. On a late night excur- 
sion to an isolated beach, we encountered a magnificent 
leatherback turtle in the process of laying her eggs. 


The Garden Partner 


The participating teachers were chosen from over 
122 applicants from throughout Missouri. Those se- 
lected have demonstrated past leadership in teaching 
science at the elementary level. Five teachers from the 
St. Louis area participated, including Gloria Foster, St. 
Louis; Richard Grommet, Ferguson-Florissant; Lynn 
Smith, Sullivan; Lynn Tripoli, University City; and 
Nancy D'Arcy, a St. Louis Public School District teacher 
assigned to the Garden. 

The program started on June 27 and 28 with a two- 
day ecology workshop held at the Garden. After their 
trip, the group met on August 8 and 9 in Kansas City to 
develop curriculum materials to help teach ecology to 
their students. In addition to their memories, the teach- 
ers returned home with a new level of understanding of 
ecology and many new ideas that will be used in their 
classrooms. The thousands of children the teachers 
have in their classes in the future will be the real 
winners from this program. 

— Larry DeBuhr Ph.D., Director of Education 


Missouri teachers board a boat on Genovesa Island to 
return to their ship after a morning nature hike. 


On Tobago, we enjoyed treks through beautiful rain 
forests and explored the incredible underwater world 
of the coral reefs in the tropical blue waters. Strolls on 
the beaches, walks through a nearby town, and an 
evening with a local calypso group were other delights 
of Tobago. We all brought home a better understand- 
ing of the com- 
plexity of tropical 
ecosystems and en- 
joyable memories of 
the people who live 
there. —Lydia Toth, 

aw Arboretum 


Right: Lalaja Trace, 


northern mountains 


of Trinidad. 


daisy. A resource section provides gardening tips, 


EDUCATION 
Division Leaps 
TRAVEL 
ADVENTURES 


Galapagos 
Workshop 
Trains 
Teachers 


Exploring 
Trinidad and 
Tobago 


sources for 


garden materials, and a bibliography of publications. The 


“CD-ROM” is the hottest thing in computers today. The Garden 
is teaming up with Ruess + Ruess, a St. Louis marketing and 
communications company, to produce an innovative series of 
CD-ROM discs called The Garden Partner. Each stores an entire 
book, with full-color photos and audio, on a 3-1/2" compact disc 
that can be played back on your computer screen. “ROM”, which 
stands for “read-only memory”, means that you cannot record on 
the disc, you can only read it, as you would a book. 

But what a book! With a simple click of a button you can find 
pictures of specific plants and and information on how to care for 
them, whether you're a Master Gardener or a weekend weed 
warrior. Powerful search capabilities make it easy to find plants 
that suit your tastes, even if you can’t tell a dandelion from a 


program customizes the information according to your particular 
gardening conditions, providing “smart” answers to your ques- 
tions, and a “notebook” function lets you collect, store and print 
the information you find. And it’s fun! How many gardening 
books tell you how to pronounce “impatiens” or let you hear a 
clap of thunder when you read about watering the lawn? 

Ruess + Ruess, who are designing the new exhibits for the 
Brookings Interpretive Center at the Garden, are developing The 
Garden Partner in cooperation with Garden staff. The first 
Garden Partner will feature Perennials. A series is planned, to 
include such topics as Annuals, Bulbs, Roses, Trees and 
Groundcovers. 

The first Garden Partner is due out in time for the holidays. 
Watch future issues of the Bulletin for more details. 

BULLETIN SEPTEMBER/ OCTOBER 1994 


ai. 


TRUSTEE PROFILE 


Mrs. Raymond Wittcoff 


Roma WITTCOFF was named an Emeritus 
Trustee by the Garden’s Board in January, 
1994. A native St. Louisan, Mrs. Wittcoff 
and her husband, Ray, share a deep com- 
mitment to the cultural activities of the St. 
Louis area. 

Mrs. Wittcoff has served as a trustee of 
Washington University for the past ten years; 
her husband also serves on the Washington 
University board. Through the years Mrs. 
Wittcoff has been involved with a number 


| 
| 
i 


: 
| 
ES 

iE 
a 
| 
i 


Raven Among First Westerners Elected to Chinese 
Academy of Sciences 


FOR THE FIRST TIME in its history, the Chinese Academy of Sci- 
ences, the most prestigious scientific body in China, has elected 


of St. Louis organizations, including the ex- 
ecutive committee of St. Louis Opera Theatre 
and the boards of the St. Louis Symphony 
and KETC-Channel 9. 

Mrs. Wittcoffs involvement with the 
Garden began as a volunteer in the bryol- 
ogy herbarium, where she assisted senior 
botanist Dr. Marshall R. Crosby with mount- 
ing and filing moss specimens. As she gained 
knowledge about the Garden and its mis- 
sion, she began taking classes in horticulture 
through the Garden’s adult education pro- 
gram and developed an abiding appreciation 
of the pleasures and beauty of gardening. 

“Dr. Raven has brought international rec- 
ognition to St. Louis on a horticultural and 
scientific level,” Mrs. Wittcoff said. “The 
Garden’s growth, under the direction of Dr. 
Raven, has been phenomenal, and today the 
Garden is one of the greatest assets of our 
city.” 

In welcoming Mrs. Wittcoff to the Board 
of Trustees, Dr. Raven said, “We are de- 
lighted to have our longtime friend Roma 
Wittcoff as a member of our Board. Her 
friendship and support have meant a great 
deal to the growth of our research program 
over the years, and we look forward to con- 
tinuing to work with her.” 


tained the elegant 
topiary shown in the 
background ever 
since it was planted 
in 1982, when the 
shaped junipers had 
less than half their 


San Francisco. 


Clinton Names Raven and Weldon 
to Presidential Advisory 
Committee 


THe White House announced on August 
3, 1994, that Peter H. Raven, Ph.D.., director 
of the Garden, and Virginia V. Weldon, 
M.D., senior vice president of public policy 
for Monsanto Company, have been 
appointed to serve on the President’s Com- 
mittee of Advisors on Science and 
Technology (PCAST). President Clinton 
appointed 18 distinguished individuals from 
industry, education, research institutions, 
and nongovernment organizations to serve 
on PCAST. This presitigious committee is 
the highest level, private sector advisory 
group guiding the President on science and 
technology matters. 

“Iam honored to be selected as part of 
this committee organized to advise the Presi- 
dent of the United States on vital national 
science issues,” said Dr. Raven. “Science, 
technology, and the environment will play 
the dominant role affecting American 
economy, security, and quality of life in this 
decade. The actions we take as a nation — 
or fail to take — in the next few years will 
have long lasting, serious impact on America 
and the world in the next century.” 

President Clinton established PCAST in 
November 1993. The group will advise the 
President directly and also will counsel the 
National Science and Technology Council 
(NSTC). PCAST will offer feedback about 
federal programs and actively advise the 
NSTC about science and technology issues 
of broad national importance. 

“I am very pleased to name these emi- 
nent scientists, engineers, business leader, 
and educators as some of my key advisors,” 
the President said. “Drawn from a cross- 
section of America, they will help ensure 
that our science and technology policies 
reflect our nation’s needs: health; prosper- 
ity based on long-term economic growth 
and technological investment; national se- 
curity; environmental responsibility; and 
improved quality of life.” 


biology, and his publication of more than 500 research articles and 
17 books in systematic botany. 
leadership in the Preservation of biodiversity, conservation of natu- 
ral resources, and protection of the ecosystems of the world. 

Dr. Raven was born in Shanghai, China, in 1936, and grew up in 
In 1978, as president of the Botanical Society of 
America, Dr. Raven appointed the first botanical delegation to visit 
China, beginning a program of interchange that eventually led to 
the concept of producing an English-language account of the plants 
of China. The landmark Flora of China program is headquartered 
at the Missouri Botanical Garden. 


He was particularly noted for his 


SENATORS Honor RAVEN — On June 10, 1994, Senators John D. 
Schneider, Wayne Goode, and John E. Scott presented a resolution of 
eo Missouri State Senate to Dr. Peter H. Raven, director of the 


TRIBUTES 


MAY © JUN 1 


OK 


IN HONOR OF 


rs. Celia Jo Agatstein 


M 
| Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 


| Mr. 
G 


arden. The resolution honored Dr. Raven for bringing international — 


copa to St. Louis and for his “pioneering efforts in docu 
ing the richness and diversity of life on this planet for the benefit of 
future generations.” Shown presenting the resolution are (from left) 
Senator and Mrs. Goode, Peter Raven, and Mrs. Schneider. Senator 
Schneider, Senator Scott and Mrs. Scott were unable to attend. 


Hewlett Foundation Supports FNA 


THE William and Flora Hewlett Foundation has authorized a one- 
year grant of $50,000 to the Garden for support of the Flora of 
North America program. David Pierpont Gardner, president of the 
foundation, said, “The Flora of North America is a substantial and 
important scientific endeavor. We make this award because of the 
inherent significance of the project and the high regard we hold for 
Dr. Raven and his colleagues at the Garden.” 

Flora of North America is a collaborative effort to produce the 
first comprehensive flora and associated database of all plants 
growing naturally in the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 
This enormous undertaking is being assembled by hundreds of 
plant scientists, with the Garden serving as administrative head- 
quarters. The project has wide applications for use by scientists, 
educators, conservationists, land use planners, and others. 

Dr. Peter H. Raven said, “The Hewlett Foundation’s grant will 
help a great deal in the continuation of the Flora of North America 
project, which is of such fundamental importance. We deeply 
appreciate their support.” 


InMemoriam Roberto Burle Marx 


STAFF AND MEMBERS of the Garden were saddened by the death of 
Roberto Burle Marx, the distinguished Brazilian landscape 
architect and ecologist who received the Garden’s Greensfelder 
Medal in 1983. Mr. Marx died in Rio de Janeiro on June 4, 1994. 
He was 84. 
arx, long recognized as one of the world’s greatest 

iaiiorsne designers, was also celebrated as a painter and botanist. 
He designed the landscaping for Brasilia, Brazil, and designed the 
largest public park in Venezuela as well as public and private 
gardens in South America and Europe. He was committed to the 
preservation of the flora of his native Brazil and financed several 
botanical expediti 

In addition to ate 1983 Albert P. and Blanche Y. Greensfelder 
Medal from the Garden and many other prestigious awards, Mr. 
Marx received the 1985 Medal Award from the American Society 
of Landscape Architects. The ASLA award stated, “Few individu- 
als have equalled his stature as a 20th century Renaissance man 


with the design profession.” 


Mr 
{r. 


and Mrs. Norman W. Drey Jr 
Alfonso Menotti 

and Mrs. Herbert M. Talcoff 
erry Amies and Marge Wade 
Jeff Balkin 

Randee Blum 

Mrs. Judith Aronson 

Lois C. Levin 


Ms. Sara S. Baker 


LS 


| Mr. and Mrs. Himes Baker 
Ms. Brend 


Banjak 

Missouri Botanical Garden 

Members’ Board 
Susie Becker 
Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Mrs. Dorothy Beezley 
Mrs. William J. Beezley 
Mrs. Leonard Bierman 
Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. Barken 
Bob and Sarah 
Mrs. David Eiseman III 


Mr. and Mrs. Nat Buffen 
Barbara and Bob Johnson 

| Jody Burstein 
Mr. fs Mrs. Phillip Schreiber 
Dr. and Mrs. James Bynum 
Mrs. Donald O. Schnuck 
Car Bart 
Mrs. Harriet Rosen 
Ms. A 


se 
Ozark Air Lines Alumni Association 
Mr. Bill F. Chlanda 
Mr. George J. Solovic 
Mrs. Charles Cook 

Mr. and Mrs. Sol Kronick 

Mr. and Mrs. Philip D. Zaltin 
Claire yee aes 
Her Family 
Mr. aa Mrs. Waldemer Due 
Mr. and Mrs. M. C. Niemeyer 
Kanza Easter 
First Unitarian Church, Board of 

Trustees 

arry and Doris Eggleston 
DeAnna Eggleston 
Laura Law 
Mr. Louis Ettman 
Mr. Leon Bodenheimer 
Mrs. Mary Jane Presber 

Mrs. ica Farnbach 


5s. Steven 


r. 
| Mr. and Mrs. Harold A. “ae 
Mr. and M 


Fautsc 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Murray 


Mrs. Sheldon Fisher 
Mrs. Lilly Ann Abraham 


| Teel Ackerman and Martin O. Israel 


Mr. Sam Fox 
Ted Christner and Claudia 
Trautmann 
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence H. 
Greenberg 
Mr. and Mrs. David R. Smith 
BULLETIN 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


Jessica Friedlander 
Susie McCool 
Judy Paskal 
Miss Sarah Van Cleve and Family 
Madeline Elizabeth 
Funderburg 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. Sher 
Lt. Christopher Gerfen 
Mrs. Donald O. Schnuck 
rs. Solon Gershman 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 
Mrs. H. B. Wittcoff 
Mr. and Mrs. Herman 


Gittelman 
Mrs. Harold W. Dubinsky 
Carrie and Molly Hager 
Mr. and Mrs. John B. Biggs Jr 
Mr. and Mrs. Reuben M. Morriss II! 
wena Henschel 
Mrs. Helen Hensche 
Mr. and Mrs. John Hicks 
Mrs. William D. Serbi 
Mrs. Faith Hinkle 


Ginny Clark 


Mrs. Doris Thomas 

Mr. Stuart Hollander 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Putzel 

Mr thleen A. Hoover 

Mr. and Mrs. James E. McKee III 
and Lucy 

Ray and LaVerne Jaudes 

Mr - Mrs. E. J. Palmer 


Ms. an E. Kan 

Mr and st James “4 
and N 

Mrs. niet Karney 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 


McKee II 


Margaret Loeb Kempner 
Jim and Carolyn Singer 
D illi Kiefer 


Melinda and Bill Kiefer Jr 

Allegra, Aurelie, William Kiefer III 
The tribute above was listed incorrectly 
in the last is We regret the error 


Mr. and Mrs. Sidney J. Kimbell 
Mr. and Mrs sala K. McLean 


suc 


Mr. and Mrs. T. W. Greenwald 
Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Kisling 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Muckler 


Allison and Katie Klayman 

Lana and oe Yunker 

Cathy Kneid 

Friends at ane Marketing 
Research 

Mrs. Marcine Komen 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. Rosenthal 
r. and Mrs. Fred Kraus 

Petals by Irene 

Dr. Charles J. Kromer 

Ms. Patricia Krome 

Mrs. Harriet Kroni ick 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 

Jan and Ron Pass 


continued on next page 


23. 


TRIBUTES [a Orf 


continued 


Brian Lat 

Mr. and sie — Schreiber 

Mrs. Rita Lev 

Mrs. Lilly Ann achita 

Maxi 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 
Marian Jean Lewin 


Jim, Tracey, Tyler, Rachel Gans 

Mrs. Geri Livingston 

Jordan and Jeff Balkin 

Randee Blum 

Mrs. Louise Loeb 

Mr. Howard F. Baer 

Lucy Lopata 

Stanley Lopata 

Lynn, Jordan, Katie, Matthew Lewis 
au 


Lana and John Yunker 


Mr. Marshall Magner 
Webster Groves Garden Club 


Group 
Mrs. Lois Marshall 
Mrs. Lilly Ann Abraham 
Bill and Donna McCann 


u 
Mrs. Eleanor B. McClure 
Wellesley College Club of St. Louis 
Mr. and Mrs. Craig B. Mcllroy 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph C. Hagele 
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Melman 
Teel Ackerman and Martin O. Israel 
Richard and Lillian Metzger 
Lynn and Elaine Poertner 
Mike and Linda, Rita, and Jim Moehl 
Missouri Botanical Garden 

ides 


ui 
Judy Peil Travel, Inc. 
Mr. and Mrs. John A. Neusel 


Mix, Melina Pe eS 


r. and Mrs. Robert Olson 
Harold and Mary Baumann 


24. BULLETIN 


Mrs. Blanch K. eee 


Dr. and Mrs. Maxwell Rachlin 
Mrs. Ralph B. Woolf 
Richard and Sed Ravitch 


Kathi and Stuart Rosenberg 

Jeff Balkin 

Randee Blum 

Mr. Fischel Rosenthal 

Barbara and he Johnson 
Schloss 

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 


Mr. Lee K. Schwartz 


Geraldine and Gideon Schiller 
Irv and Sue Shepard 
Sidney and Ruth Stone 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert De ey 
Smith 


Mr. and Mrs. Russ Sutter 


Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. William M. Van Cleve 
Dr. and Mrs. Jack Sou 
Dr. and Mrs. Frederic M. Simowitz 
Mrs. Selma H. Soule 
Mr. and Mrs. Lester R. Adelson 
Mrs. Irvin Bettman n Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Norman W. Drey Jr. 

Dr. and Mrs. Clarence T. Eckert 


Mr. and Mrs. eer A. Scharff Jr. 
Mrs. Queenie Schie 
Mrs. Frances Bite 
Mrs. Helen G. Shifrin 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


Dr. and Mrs. Oscar H. Soule 
Mrs. Frank P. Wolff Sr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Ed Spence 
Dr. and Mrs. Robert Feinstein 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert Stolz 


Linda and Joe Gross and Famil 
Anne and James Stolberg and Family 
Mr. sir naa John Stafford 


Mr. aud Sse. Charles Willis 
Boyd, Maes Lauren, Ali Bermel 
Thelma Zalk 

Mrs. Millie Wolff 


Mrs. Lyda S. Aitken 


Carol Washbur 

Mrs. Mary E. “am 

Mr. and Mrs. Peter Hochschild 

Mrs. Hugh Witscher 

Mr. Edward L. Bakewell Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. elon Guy Heckman 
Mrs. Elise Barrows 


r. and Mrs. David D. Metcalfe Jr. 
r. R. Henry Norweb III 
r. and Mrs. Raymond W. Peters II 


Mr. and Mrs. Jackson J. Shinkle 
Twentieth [cae Investment 
Syndic 
Rother of Ann and Henry 
Baue 


a 
Mr. and ia Edward Scallet 
eall 


Robert B 
Mr. Milton J. Canis 

Mr. and Mrs. aig saa Cook 
Ms. Anna Ruth B 
Mr. and Mrs. Jesse S. on. 
Mrs. Florence Bettendorf 


Mr. George J. Solovic 
erger 


Mrs. Patti Blake 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Henry Schweich 
Joseph R. Blankenship Jr. 
Monsanto, Network Board Members 
Mrs. Bobroff 

Miss Melissa Anne Hall 

Father of Linda Bobst 


Col. and Mrs. Jack B. Compton 
Mr. Donald Brandin 

Mr. and Mrs. George Budke 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Peter A. Gleich 


Mr. and Mrs. Virginia M. Divincen 
Mrs. Ella Buescher 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Buescher Jr. 
le Callahan 


Mr. raw Carroll 
Betsy O 

Yolanda ‘Challe 

Dr. and Mrs. Robert Vanderpearl 


Mr. and Mrs. John B. Henkle 
Brother of Carol Christopher 
Harold and June Kravin 
Miss Eleanore Collins 
Joseph Falcone Famil 
Mr. James G. Lenn Sr. 
eo Donald Alnu 

s. Mary von wae 
Pal Cullen 
b Sadlon 


Mr. Bob Cune 
Ben and Me Aa Gerber 
aes Virginia Davis 


and Mrs. ‘Geo Deatz 
a Edgar W. Denison 
The Twenty Five Gardeners of 


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Mrs. Ina Fleche! DiBona 
Mr. and Mrs. J. Marion Engler 
Kathleen J. a 

Mrs. Faith M. D 


Stephanie Michele Doelling 


Mr. and Mrs. Hugh E. Roberts 
Mr. Hal Wuertenbaecher 

Mr. J. D. Eckerle 

Mrs. William H. Leyhe Jr. 

Mrs. Esther S. Epp 

Mrs. Geraldine Epp Smith 

Mrs. Emilee Felknor 

Mr. and Mrs. M. George Zornada 


Mr. and Mrs. imei Sterling 


Mr. Victor Fiersti 

Mr. and Mrs. Chae) Cook 
Mrs. Bernice M. Frederick 
Dr. and ira sated Koerner 


Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Putzel 
Ms. Jamie A. Stern 
Mrs. Carol Sue Friedman 


Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy Jr. 


Mrs. Thomas R. Remington 


Mrs. Sarah George 
The Alotta Family 
Mr. Martin Gerchen 


Mr. and Mrs. Gideon H. Schiller 
Mr. Vincent Germanese 
Dr. and Mrs. Robert Greenley 
Mrs. Alma Good 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald P. Luning 
sgh Christy Gordon 

and Mrs. Dudley Batchelor 
a (Sonia) Greenlee 


ssa eb S. Biscan 
K. James Ferguson 
Ruth Ann Grantham 


Fred and on rence Niere 


Edna Wei 

Nellie wha 
Mrs. Rose Hacker 

Mr. and ne sa Behrens 
Mrs. Margaret S. H 

Mrs. Dolores ceauein 
Ms. Patricia Anne saneoidea 
Mrs 


. Trude 
Mr. and Mrs. ounce Hac 
Mrs. Margaret Heumann 


Mr. and Mrs. Cleveland ae 


Mr. Russell Hitzemann Sr. 
Ms. Lynn K. Silence 

Phyllis Hofmeister 

Mr. and Mrs. Jeff Shear 

Mrs. Recy Holtzapple 

Ms, Cynthia Fels 

Mrs. Ann L. Hopma 

Mr. and Mrs. Bennett Barton 


Mrs. Dale Diller nic pretalea 
He rman 

teve F. Doss Family 
Mr. and Mrs. Bud Feickert 


Mr. Alfred A. ioral capa 


Bob and Joyce me howski 
— resnaged R. Illingworth 
avid H. Brown 


Julie and Steven Plax 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Putzel 
Mrs. Josephine Johnson 


Fireman’s Fund Ins. Co. 
Miss Paula Give 
John and Janet Harrison 


Shirley L. Schmidt 

Anne L. Steding 
Mary Helen B. Thompson 
Friends at USF&G 


Marilyn and Arthur Boettcher 

Mrs. Ruth Kalishman 

Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 

Brother of Harriet and Burt 
Ka 


rey 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward Scallet 
ion 


Viona Killio 
Jackie Eggerding 


g 
Mr. and Mrs. Charles J. Cook 


BULLETIN 


Dr. A. O. Kloet 

Dr. and Mrs. Neil I. Gallagher 
Linda and John Roos and Family 
Dr. and Mrs Robert Vanderpear] 


Blue hell Clan G; aie Club 

Bob and Randy Costas 

Charles and Mary Fisher 

Mrs. Ellen ¢ Huey 

Kim and Joan Krummenacher 
rs. Frances Kohlb 

Dr. and Mrs. H. C. Eschenroeder 

Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Mellow 

Mrs. 


M L. Korkoian 
Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 
Mrs tha Kr 


Mr. and Mrs. Roy Geers 
Tom and Lottie Kula 
Mr. and Mrs, Valentine J. Derer 


Joe Lanzerotti 


Friends and Family 


s. Margaret Latimer 
Ms. Edna Dell Weinel 
Mr. Russell P. Ledwidge 


Mr. Richard J. Augustine 
r. and Mrs, James M. Brislane 
Friends at Missouri Botanical 
Garden 
rma A. Lehr 
Her Family 
Mr. Frank Lindner 
Greig and Geri Lindner 
thowe 
Holly Brigham 
May Berta Lofto 
Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon B. Korklan 
Mrs. Dorothy R. Lustkandl 


Luise and Mary Jane Hoffman 
Mr. and Mrs. William G. Knopf 
Mrs. Clara L. Lustkand] 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward J. Renfro 
Mrs. Ethel Selle 
Mr. and Mrs. Edward R. Spence 
Mr. James MacAfee 
Mr. and Mrs. James R. Gimblett 
Mrs. Gertrude Hemphill 

r. Edward K. MacDonald 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling 
The Mack Family 


ack 

Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Mr. Ronald J. Sauget 

Mr. ge Mrs. Ned Stanley 
Mrs. A ne R. Magee 
Jean G. ik 
Mrs. LaVern B. Ivery Jr 
Agnes Matusofsky 
Lou and Marilyn Lehman 
Mr. Albert E. Schaefer 


Mrs. Fern H. Truscheit 


continued on next 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


page 


Ze. 


i R BL ES Mr. and Mrs. Harold T. Jolley Jr. 


continued 


Mrs. McPheeters 
Mr. and Mrs. Raymond W. Peters II 
Mr. John McVicker 

Mr. and a reg ath Hall 


Mr. and Mrs. 


Mr. and Mrs. ped Richter Jr. 
Mrs. Mille Mint 
Mr. and Mrs. nae Schmelzle 


Mother of Jane Nafe 

Mr. and Mrs. RS E. Stout Jr. 

Mr. Melvin H. Nie 

Mr. and Mrs. DePaul ry sash 

Lucinda and Paul Nuss 

Colleen, Jennifer and Martin Potratz 
onnor 


Mr. William J. Oetting 
Mr. and Mrs. na Budke 
Mr. and Mrs. Harry e 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Ruethain 
Mr. and Mrs. David R. § 
Mrs. Harriot Evans O'Fallon 
Mr. and Mrs. Taylor Desloge 

Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 


26. BULLETIN 


Mr. and Mrs. Lansden McCandless Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom K. Smith Jr. 
Mrs. Jacqueline Secenily 


Nassis 
Josalyn and Kathleen Moran 
Robert L. Orvos 
Robert L. Orvos Family 
Marilyn, Mark, Paul, Lori, Adam, 
d 


Colonel and Mrs. Robert May 
Uncle of Dr. and Mrs. Pearl 


Mr. and Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Mr. and Mrs. mind Hunsche 
Mrs. Wilma Power 


Mrs. Otway W. Rash III 

Mrs. Frank E. Dolson 

Mrs. Isabelle Breen Raven 
Mary Hofbauer Brown 

Mr. and Mrs, Richard A. Cooke Jr. 

Dr. Peter C. Hoch 

Mr. and Mrs. Philip Hudner 

Mr. and Mrs. William S. Knowles 


iy 
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7) 
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Mr. 

Barbara Schaal and Wesley Leverich 

Tower Grove House Auxilia 

WwW. praca University, Department 
of Biolo 

Mrs. cawea D. Weakley 

Mr. and Mrs. Raymond H. Wittcoff 

Mrs. Nancy Richard 

Ms. Martha Gersten 

Martha Kingsland Richardson 

Ms. Ruth A. Bryant 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 


Scott Richie 
John and Barb Kennington 


Mrs. Eleanor R. Roberts 

Mr. John R. Overall 

Mrs. Roger: 

Mr. and Mrs. aac Smith 

Brother of Dr. Marcos 
Rothstein 

Mr. and Mrs. Bernard A. Barken 

Mr. Walter E. Roush 


Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Mann 


Mrs. Kaye Ma 
Mrs. Ruth M. Schaefer 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom S Eakin Jr 


Dr. and Mrs. Leonard Guarraia 
Ruth Scolnik 

Yuppie Landscaping Corp. 
Alexander Vincent Scott 


Ms. Susan is i ice 
Mr. and Mrs 

John and pints ae and 
Childre 

Mr. ih G. McPheeters 

Mr. F. Lee Zingale 

i Ruth saat rag 


d 
Mrs. Arthur C. Hiemenz Jr 
High ii Investment Syndicate 
Mr. and Mrs. La nsden eke 
Mr. and iss John S 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom K. Pee 


Mrs. Mary Shapiro 
Ted and Esther Berger 
Mrs. Martha Shela 


Anonymous 
Mrs. William A. Sims Sr. 


Mr. and Mrs. John T. mee 
Mr. and Mrs. John B. Biggs Jr. 
Boatmen’s Trust Company — 
vee tate Administration —_— 
and Mrs. James M 
on ae Mrs. H. Pha Brigham 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Clark Bull 
Miss Katherine N. Bur 
d Mrs. Elliott Chubb 
Clayton Board of Education 
Members and The Bracken 
ieininaensc es 
Mr. David M. 
Mr. and Mrs. oe Diggs Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Quintus L. Drennan Jr. 


and Mrs. Daniel England Jr. 
Staff, Ethical Society Nursery 


School 
Ethical Society Nursery School 


Boar 
Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Fadem 


Mrs. I. Jerome Flance 
a R. Forrester 
M. W. Friedlander 

: Abe T: Garland 

Mr. and Mrs. Joseph J. Gazzoli 

s. Paul Goessling Jr. 

Mrs. cians Goodman 

Dorcas Har 

Mrs. Zena oe 

Mrs. Margaret rags 

Mr. and Mrs. George K. Hoblitzelle 

Mr. Peter B. Hubbell 

Mrs. Peter H. Husch 

Mr. ‘ Clifford — 

Mrs. J. A. Jac 

Mr. and Mrs. parte McK. Jones 
Mr. Max Kahn 

Mrs. Ralph W. Kalish 

Mrs. Carol B. Kaplan 

Diane, eke and Sasha Kopp 

Mr Jack Kramer 

Mr. se Mrs. Thomas K. Langsdorf 
Miss Frances J. Levis 


Mr. and Mrs. John G. Levis 
Mrs. Jerry Levitt 
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh M. F. Lewis 


Mrs. Benjamin Loeb 


Mr. and Mrs. John P. MacCarthy 

Mary Institute and Saint Louis 
Country Day School 

Mr. and Mrs. Philip A. Maxeiner 


de ae ee ea 


Mr. and Mrs. James S. sna Ill 
ney 


Mr. and Mrs. Edwin B. Meissner Jr 
Mr. and Mrs. Steve Mitch 
Mr. and Mrs. R 


Julie and Steve Plax 

Mr. and Mrs. Louis R. Putzel 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Putzel 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 

Mr. and Mrs. William E. Reed 
Mr. John R. Robinson 

Mr. Lar 00s 

Jim and Helen Rothschild 
Mrs. Joseph F. Ruwitch 

Dr. and Mrs. Llewellyn Sale Jr. 
Dr. and Mrs. Herbert Schiele Jr. 
Mrs. Queenie Schiele 


Mr. and Mrs. Charles Wulfing 
Mr. Samuel D. Soule 


Mrs. Samuel D. Soule 

Delphia Schneider Sozansky 
Sandra R 

Bill aa 


Elizabeth Paes Steidle 
Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Steidle 
Miss Frieda Stock 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald F. Barr 
and Children 
Etta Biener 
Mrs. Rolla W. Streett 
Mr. Howard F. B 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard W. Baizer 
Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Barksdale 
Mrs. Carol C. Bittin 
Mr. and 
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. ae ay 
Mr. and Mrs. Louis R. Putz 

Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. a. 

Jim and Helen Rothschild 

Mr. and Mrs. Warren M. ne gata 


St. Louis Public Library 
St. Louis Public Library — 
Technical Services Staff 


g 
Mrs. Quintus L. Drennan Jr. 


Mother of Ee a a Tai 
Mary Ann D 

Sue and a 

Madolyn Baber Teichman 


Staff, Siadenia and Friends CVPA 
Mr. James G son 

Mr. and Mrs. tong F. Luepke Jr. 
Miss Eleanor Stude 

Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Tessler 


M A. Thompson 
Mrs. William C. Christophel 
Mr. and Mrs. William S. Ford 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. George 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul Goessling Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Samuel B. ave s lll 
Peggy and Larry Keye 

m 


Mr. and Mrs. Rudyard K. Rapp 
Mr. and Mrs. David D. Wilson 
Shirley Tomlin 

Mr. and Mrs. Leroy Muel 

Mr. and Mrs. Cordell V. sad 
Mr. Wilfred Trovillion 

Mrs. Hugh Witscher 

Juan- Carlos Varela 


Dr. and Mrs. Frederic : Simowitz 
Mrs. Hina 

Mr. and Mrs. Hideo Kamino 

Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Kamino 

Mrs. Joey K. Lovelace 


Mrs. Dorothy Miyoshi 
North Platte Fellowship Club 


Mr. Mrs. Stephen F. Brauer 
Mr. Mrs. John Brodhead Jr. 
Mr. a Cella 
Mr. and M 


Mrs. Norman B. Champ Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Howard Elliott Jr. 
win 


Grace & Company, P.C. 
Miss Barbara Greenspoon 
The Hager Family 
Mr. and Mrs. Richard S. Hawes III 
es 


Mr. and Mrs. James L. Johnson Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. W. Boardman Jones Jr. 
Mr. James P. Keeter 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Kresko 
Mr. and Mrs. Clinton W. Lane Jr 
Mr. and Mrs, Stanley L. Lopata 
Mr. and Mrs, James F. Mauze 
Mr. Douglas B. MacCarth 
Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth A. Marshall 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry N. McClu uney 
Mrs. James S. McDonnel]! 

Mr. and Mrs. William B. — Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Fristoe Mullins 
Mr. and Mrs. William R, see Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Pete 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert N. Schulte 
Mrs. Frank Sheldon 
Mrs. Martha N. Simmons 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Brookings 
mit 
Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
Dr. W., Douglas Stevens and 
Mrs. Olga Martha Montiel 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald H. Streett 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy 
Mrs. Edward D. Weakley 
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph H. White 
Mr. and Mrs. Howard U. Wilson 
Mrs. Jane H. Wilso 
Mr. Hal aaa her 
Mr. and Mrs. Bruce R. Yoder 
Frederick Walz 
Mrs. Hugh Witscher 
Mrs. Lela Warner 
Dr. and Mrs. Leonard L. Davis Jr. 
Mr. Joseph Webber 
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy 
Gideon and eae ate 
Mr. Paul E 
Mr. and Mee: Richard H. Witte 


r. Quintus x 
Hilda (Patsy) Weintraub 
Mary Ann Stephen 


Mr. and Mrs. Jack E. Thomas Jr. 
Jim Kenneth Weirich 
Mr. Donald ine 


Wei 
Mr. and Mrs. nies Barada III 
Imann 


Mrs. Edna Wetterau-Kroening 
Mr. Robert N. Hagnauer 

Mrs. Alice R. Lawnin 

Mr. Donald Williams 

Dr. and Mrs. Erol Amon 

Ms. Shirley Wolverson 


Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy Jr. 
James Yale 
Mrs. Edward F. Quentin 


BULLETIN 


ee RN 
BOARD OF TRUSTEES 
Mr, gyre Wallace, Jr. 
resident 


Rev. Lawrence Biondi, S.J. 
The Hon, Freeman Bosley, Jr. 


Dr. William H. Danforth 
Eddie G. Davis 


Mr. M. Peter Fischer 


Mr. Richard J. Mahoney 
Mr. John W, McClure 
Mr. James S$. McDonnell Il 

I 


Mr. Jack E. Thomas, Jr, 
Dr. Blanche Touhill 
The Hon. George R. Westfall 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman II] 
Emerirus Trustees 
Mr. Howard PF. r 
Mr, Clarence C. rea 


Dr. Helen 


Mr. : Robert Brookings Smith 


Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr, 


Honorary TRUSTEES 
Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 
Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 
Memeers’ BoArD 
Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy, President 


Mrs. Robert Trulaske 


SEPTEMBER / OCTOBER 1994 27. 


Inside 
‘This Issue 


6 
5. 
EMPEROR & EMPRESS OF JAPAN 
VISIT THE GARDEN 


Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko 
planted a tree in Seiwa-En. 


ed. 
FIRST LOOK AT THE NEW BUILDING 


The Partnership Campaign moves into 
its second phase. 


6. 
THE HERITAGE SOCIETY 


Including the Garden in your estate 
planning can benefit you, too. 


VOLUNTEER EVENING 


We salute our wonderful volunteers and 
honor their special achievements. 


10. 
EWANS RECEIVE SHAW MEDAL 


Joseph and Nesta Ewan will be honored 
with the Henry Shaw Medal in October. 


11. 


FRESH FROM THE GARDEN 


A new line of foods from Ces & Judy 
bring home a taste of the Garden. 


. 
£2. 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS 


Fall Flower Show Preview, and more. 


18. 


NEW EDUCATION FACILITY NAMED 


The new E. Desmond and Mary Ann Lee 
Family Education Center. 


20. 


TRIBUTES 


Family and friends are honored with a 
gift to the Garden. 


Rae Rath rr Sere 


© Bal 


Third Annual 


“Best of Missouri” Market 


Sunday, October 9, 1994 
See page 16 sil details. 


a 


ey, Uh 


S ¥ 


Sponsored by: Commerce Bank of St. Louis, Premier Homes, 
Boatmens National Bank of St. Louis, St. Louis County Farm Bureau 


BIGGER AND BETTER THAN EVER! 


Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) 
Post Office Box 299 
St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 


SECOND CLASS 
POSTAGE 


PAID 
AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


G 


Missouri 
Botanical 
Garden 


NOVEMBER / 
DECEMBER 


VOLUME LXXXIil 
NUMBER SIX 


Missour! BOTANICAL GARDEN MIssION: “To DiscovER AND SHARE KNOWLEDGE 
” 
ABOUT PLANTS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT, IN ORDER TO PRESERVE AND ENRICH LIFE. 


season. But perhaps the most important story is “A Season for All Things” on page 9. 
Your response to the Henry Shaw Year-End Appeal is crucial for balancing the Garden’s 
operating budget, especially as we are continually challenged to deliver the highest level 
of service in the face of limited resources, including static tax support. If the Garden is 
to remain a leader in environmental education, scientific research, and community 
service, we must ask each of you to help. As members, your support is the cornerstone 
of the Garden’s achievements. I hope you will be able to respond generously and take 
pride in helping to maintain this outstanding institution. 

The Partnership Campaign continues to make progress toward its goals. We are 
delighted to announce that the new research building has received federal 
support (see page 6), which will help to place St. Louis at the forefront of 
the new biotechnology industry. The demonstration gardens at the William 
T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening are beginning to take shape, and I 
encourage you to take a look at the story on page 5, then walk by the 
| construction site soon to see the exciting developments for yourselves. At 
this writing, only a few of the individual gardens remain available for 
naming gifts. 

I take great personal satisfaction in announcing to our members the 
arrival of Volume 17 of the Flora of China, the first volume to be published 
(page 7). This extraordinary international accomplishment is the fruit of 
years of work by scores of dedicated scientists, and we look forward eagerly 
to subsequent volumes. 

Please enjoy all of the holiday activities here at the Garden! It is our way of celebrat- 
ing and thanking each of our members for your splendid support. 


: This issue of the Bulletin is filled with activities and events as we approach the holiday 


— Peter H. Raven, Director 


JACK JENNINGS 


available as naming gifts. Please call the Development Office at 577-5120 
for information on endowing trees or other features at the Garden. 
<- BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


Moving? 

Please remember to send us 
your new address. 

To avoid missing any of your 
membership mailings, we need 
notification of your new address 
at least three weeks before you 
move. Please enclose the mail- 
ing label on the back cover of 
this Bulletin and mail to: 


Name: 
Old Address: 


Street 


City 


| a 
New Address: 


Date effective: 


2 2, Sean eee 


City 


State Zip 
_ RRR ERR RRA ce 


On the Cover 
The lake in Seiwa-En is beautiful 
in the snow. 


Photo by King Schoenfeld 


ditor 
Susan Wooleyhan Caine 
Missouri Botanical Garden 


. O. Box 299 
St. Louis, MO 63166-0299 

Climatron® is a registered servicemark of 
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Missouri Botanical Garden is an Equal 
Opportunity / Affirmative Action employer. 
© 1994 Missouri Botanical Garden 
The BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) is 
published bi-monthly by the Missouri 
Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower Grove 
Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Sec- 
ond class postage paid at St. Louis, MO. 

The BULLETIN is sent to every 
member of the Garden as a benefit of 
membership. For a contribution of a 
little as $45 per year, members also 
are entitled to: free admission to the 

m Towe 


domestic and abroad, with other mem- 
bers. For information, please call 
(314) 577-5118. 

Postmaster: Please send address 
changes to: Bulletin, Missouri Botani- 
cal Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, 
MO 63166-0299, 


Shoenber sae 


Administration Building 


FRIENDS, TRUSTEES, AND STAFF OF THE GARDEN gathered 
on the late afternoon of September 28, 1994, to dedicate the Shoenberg Adminis- 
tration Building, named to celebrate the longstanding commitment and generosity 
of the Shoenberg Foundation, Inc. to the Garden. In the next few years this 
historic building will be renovated to preserve the townhouse of the Garden’s 
founder, Henry Shaw, and expand critically needed administrative office space. 

The north end of the Administration Building originally stood at Seventh and 
Locust streets in downtown St. Louis. Built in 1849, it was designed by George I. 
Barnett, who also served as architect for Tower Grove House. Under the terms of 
Shaw’s will, the townhouse was moved to the Garden in 1891. In 1909 the south 
wing was added to house the herbarium, library, and classrooms, which are now 
located in the John S. Lehmann Building and the Ridgway Center. 

Gifts from the Shoenberg Family and Foundation have enhanced the Garden 
throughout the past decades. Visitors delight in the beauty of the two Shoenberg 
Fountains and the bust of Linnaeus and enjoy performances in the Shoenberg 
Auditorium. Future generations will benefit from rare and valuable books pre- 
served in the Shoenberg Conservation Center. And the magnificent Shoenberg 
Temperate House houses the Garden’s outstanding collection of plants native to 
warm, Mediterranean climates. 

Speaking at the dedication, Dr. Peter H. Raven said, “The culture of our 
community owes more than we can imagine to the continuing friendship of 
Eleanor, Jean, Robert, and Sydney Shoenberg, as well as to the late Jimmie and 
John Shoenberg. Theirs is a tradition of philanthropy and civic spirit handed 


down with great care to younger generations of the family. The list of their gifts to 


the Garden can only hint at the joy, the knowledge, and the satisfaction experi- 
enced by millions of visitors who have benefitted from them through the years.” 
Above: Shown at the dedication are family members (seated, from left): Nora 
Stern, Robin Zwick, and Jean Shoenberg. Standing, from left: Walter Stern, 
Sydney Shoenberg, Robert Shoenberg, and Stephen Zwick. 


MIs 
SOUR; BOTANIcay 


NOy 7 0 


G 
ARDEN LiBRApy 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


1994 


7 


A 


E W 


Childrens Garden 


BULLETIN 


DEMONSTRATION 


GIFT from the Spoehrer Family Charitable Trust will 
provide funding for the construction of the Children’s 
Garden — one of the new demonstration gardens in 
the William T. Kemper Center for Home Gardening. 


The Children’s Garden is being given in memory of 
the late Mr. and Mrs. Hermann F. Spoehrer, whose 
estate established the trust. 

Mr. and Mrs. Spoehrer were great friends of the 
Garden and, by virtue of their extraordinary philan- 
thropic efforts, of the entire St. Louis community. 
Harriet Spoehrer was a member of the Garden for 
more than 25 years and served on the Garden’s Board 
of Trustees from 1985 until her death in 1992. 
Hermann Spoehrer was an engineer and co-founder of 
two highly successful business enterprises, S & § 
Electric Company (forerunner of Sachs Electric Co.), 
and The Sporlan Valve Company. 

Mrs. Spoehrer’s generous nature led her to make 
substantial contributions to her community through 
Washington University, the Missouri Botanical 
Garden, Children’s Hospital, Central Institute for the 
Deaf, Junior Achievement, the Salvation Army, 
Paraquad, Rainbow Village, a number of area schools, 
and many other service institutions. Observed Peter 
Raven, “Harriet and Hermann Spoehrer were extraor- 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


GARDEN § 


dinarily kind and loving people, devoted to their 
family and, as a result, keenly interested in the general 
welfare of families and children. This naturally 
inspired gifts that would be appreciated by families 
throughout the entire community for 
generations, including: endowed scholar- 
ships at Washington University, the 
Spoehrer Tower at Children’s Hospital, 
and so many others that it would be 
impossible to list them all here. Her own 
support for our work has enabled us to 
add the gracious Spoehrer Plaza, the first 
garden space encountered from the 
Ridgway Center; the renovation of the 
Climatron into a magnificent teaching tool 
on tropical ecology; and numerous 
programs and services in education and 
research. Their legacy of love and good 
works will sustain the Garden and all St. 
Louis for decades to come, and I cannot 
think of a more appropriate memorial to 
Harriet and Hermann Spoehrer than our 
wonderful Children’s Garden.” 

The Children’s Garden is designed to be 
fun and educational for children visiting 
with their families or school classes. It 
begins with a herringbone brick-paved 
path and, centrally located within the 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening, it 
promises to be a whirlwind of activities. 
At the center of the garden is a small maze, 
punctuated with topiary animals, winding 
around to a topiary house at its center. Inside the 
house is a surprise, a peacock fountain featuring two 
cast bronze peacocks with tails spraying a fan of water 
in which children may play. Around the perimeter 
are borders containing storybook and nursery-rhyme 
plants. Children will find fat fuschia buds, obedient 
plant, mouse plant, bleeding hearts, policemen’s 
helmet, and touch-me-nots. 

Mixed in with the fun activities will be an educa- 
tional center with room for 25 children. The children 
will visit five learning stations on plant structure, seed 
pollination, plant texture, plant scent, and a grow- 
your-own bed. They will also learn about unusual 
plants, such as colored corn, gourds, and sunflowers. 

The Spoehrer’s daughter, Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy, 
is enthusiastic about the project. She said, “My 
parents would have been enchanted with this wonder- 
ful garden and its meaning for the many thousands of 
youngsters who will visit it each year. When I learned 
of it, I knew it was such an appropriate way to carry 
on the spirit of giving they shared.” 


Left: The circular walk is in 
place for the Secret Garden 
behind the Kemper Center. 
The foundations of the 
Backyard Garden are 
visible in the background, 
and a new maintenance 
building is going up to 

the right. 

Below: A workman 
positions a gable for the 
new maintenance building. 


Above: Raised brick plant- 
ing beds outline the area 
where the Garden For All 
will bloom to the south of 
the Kemper Center. 


Right: Foundations for the 
walls of the Boxwood 
Garden enclose a large 
oval area just to the north 
of the English Woodland 
Garden. 


t é | as 
BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


ad 


THE PARTNERSHIP CAMPAIGN — BUILDING FOR THE FUTURE 


United States Department of Agriculture 


Supports New Research Building 


Tur GARDEN’S NEW RESEARCH CENTER, the 
major component of the Partnership 
Campaign, received support from Congress this 
fall through the U.S. Department of Agricul- 
ture. A total of $757,000 was approved by the 
House and Senate to help fund the construc- 
tion of the new building. 

“The growing biotechnology industry means 
new, good-paying jobs in St. Louis,” said Con- 
gressman Richard A. Gephardt. “We must 
continue to secure federal support to assist in 
efforts such as the Missouri Botanical Garden 
is undertaking to expand this growing and 
critical industry in our region.” 

The Garden is already collaborating on re- 
search projects with the National Cancer 
Institute, Monsanto Company and others. The 
new research building, to be located at the 
southwest corner of Shaw and Vandeventer, 
will make the Garden’s world class herbarium 
and library easily accessible to corporate, gov- 
ernment and university researchers and will 
assist them with the development of biotech- 
nology products. 

“This is an investment in the future of St. 


St. Louis.” 


NEWS FROM THE CENTER FOR 
PLANT CONSERVATON 


ates, Inc., Washington, D.C., 
where she worked as an envi- 
ronmental analyst. 

The manager of conservation 
programs at CPC is responsible 
for the National Network of 
Participating Institutions, super- 
vises the National Collection of 
Endangered Plants, manages the 
Priority Regions Program and 
the Center’s Integrated Conser- 
vation Program. 

Ms. Sud has worked with 
the World Resources Institute 
and Greenpeace International, 
two internationally recognized 
non-profit conservation organi- 
zations. Her experience has 
focused on environmental policy 
with emphasis on tropical 
forestry issues. She holds two 
graduate degrees, a Master's in 
Forestry from Duke University 
and a Master's in International 
Affairs from Columbia Univer- 
sity in New York. 

NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


Anukriti Sud 


New Manager of 
Conservation Programs 


Ms. ANukrITI SuD has joined 
the Center for Plant Conserva- 
tion as manager of Conservation 
Programs. The Center for Plant 
Conservation (CPC) is a na- 
tional non-profit conservation 
organization headquartered at 
the Garden. Ms. Sud comes to 
CPC from Wade Miller Associ- 
©. BULLETIN 


“This is an investment in 
the future of St. Louis, our 
state, and our nation. The 
type of research being 
conducted by the Garden 
enriches life to the great 
benefit of all. 
holding on to international 
leadership in biotechnol- 
ogy will determine the 
strength and vitality of this 
nation for years to come.” 


— Senator Christopher S. Bond 
“The growing biotechnol- 
ogy industry means new, 
good-paying jobs in 


— Congressman Richard A.Gephardt 


Louis, our state and our nation,” said Senator 
Christopher S. Bond. “The type of research 
work being conducted by the Garden enriches 
life to the great benefit of all. Having and 
holding on to international leadership in bio- 
technology will determine the strength and 
vitality of this nation in years to come.” 

Representative Richard J. Durbin of Illinois, 

who serves as chairman of the appropriations 
subcommittee on agriculture, said, “Knowing 
the Missouri Botanical Garden will be in the 
forefront of biotechnology leadership by pro- 
viding and expanding basic information about 
plants means even more opportunities for our 
bi-state region. This investment is essential 
for making better jobs and a better world to 
live in. 
“People are the key element,” said Con- 
gressman William L. Clay. “People make the 
difference. This project takes the best from the 
plant world and makes the best for people. 
The staff and volunteers of the Missouri Bo- 
tanical Garden reach and teach so many that 
this investment returns big dividends in both 
the short-term and the long run for all of St. 
Louis.” 

According to Peter H. Raven, director, “Mod- 
ern biotechnology, which is still in its infancy, 
has brought us to the edge of expanded under- 
standing that holds promise for using plants 
for new agricultural products and new treat- 
ments for disease, and this building will place 
the Garden’s program in the forefront.” 


Having and 


PLANT NAMED FoR RAVEN IN SHOENBERG TEMPERATE HOUSE 
A specimen of the extremely rare Presidio Manzanita, 
Arctostaphylos hookeri G. Don subsp. ravenii P. Wells, a 
member of the Ericaceae or Heath family, was planted this 
summer in the Shoenberg Temperate House. Horticulturist 
June Hutson, curator of the Temperate House, is shown here 
with the low-growing plant. The single surviving plant of this 
subspecies was discovered by the Garden’s director Peter 
Raven in 1951, when he was a 15-year old high school 
student, and it was later named in his honor. It grows on 
serpentine soil outcrops in the Presidio in San Francisco, 
overlooking the Golden Gate. 


Flora of China 
Publishes First 
Volume 


HE FIRST VOLUME of the Flora of China, an English-language 
update of the Chinese-language description of the plants of 
China, has been published jointly by the Missouri Botanical 


Garden and Science Press in Beijing. Its publication was 
announced in Beijing on August 1, 1994. Twenty-five English- 
language volumes will be produced over the next 15 years. The 
first volume published, Volume 17, covers 1,090 species in three 
families, including the Solanaceae, a family containing potatoes, 
tomatoes, peppers, eggplants and tobacco. 

The Flora of China project is a joint Sino-American effort to 
revise, condense, and publish for the first time into English the 
masive Chinese-language Fl Republicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS), 
an 80-volume, 124-book catalog of plants growing in China. 
“China’s plants are extremely important and there is a great deal to 
be gained from expanded knowledge about them,” said Peter H. 
Raven, director of the Garden. Raven, co-chair of the Flora of 
China project with Wu Zheng-yi, Director Emeritus of the Kunming 
Institute of Botany and editor-in-chief of FRPS, helped to conceive 
the project in the late 1970s. Historically, access to information 
about the plants of China has been limited by political and lan- 
guage barriers. The English revision of the Flora will allow botanists 
all over the world to study the botanical treasures of China, a 
breakthrough for international scientific research. 

In addition to the printed volumes, all the data on the Chinese 
plants will be included in the Garden’s botanical database, 
TROPICOS. The date will be accessible throughout the world on 
the Internet, as well as through hard copies, tapes, and diskettes. 


ABOVE: CELEBRATION IN CHINA — Peter H. Raven 
presented a copy of the first published volume of 
the Flora of China to Jiang Zhe-min, president of 
the People’s Republic of China (left), following a 
September meeting of the National Natural Science 
Foundation of China in Beijing. At the meeting, 
which considered strategic planning for science in 
China for the next five years, Raven gave a presen- 
tation on priorities in biology. 

AT LEFT: In recognition of the publication of the 
first volume of the Flora of China, the Garden 
honored Dr. William Tai (left), curator and 
codirector of the project, and Dr. Ihsan Al-Shehbaz 
(right), associate curator and editor-in-chief of the 
Flora of China. Dr. Raven (center) paid tribute to 
the two botanists and their achievement during a 
Garden staff meeting in August and presented each 
of them with a framed picture. Dr. Tai’s picture is 
a woodblock print of the white mustard, Sinapi 
secundum or Sinapis alba, from an original block of 
the 1562 edition of Mattioli’s herbal. Dr. Al-Shehbaz’s picture 
is a contemporary watercolor depicting Chinese wild mustard, 
Orychophragmus violaceus. 


Botanical data is used by botanists, land managers, foresters, biolo- 
gists, and conservation and environmental monitoring groups. 

There are about 30,000 plant species native to China, as com- 
pared to 17,000 in North America north of Mexico. Many of these 
plants are of extreme economic importance and are now cultivated 
around the world. These include short-grain rice, tea, soy beans, 
oranges, cucumber, lemons, peaches, ginger and ginseng. In addi- 
tion, nearly 5,000 species of plants are used for medicine in China 
today, a fact of increasing interest to western medical researchers 
and pharmaceutical companies. Two-thirds of the people of China 
use plants directly as sources of medicine. China also has more 
than 7,000 species of plants of horticultural importance, including 
rhododendron, azalea, magnolia, camellia, viburnum gardenia, 
primrose, gentian and forsythia. 

The Flora of China project is a collaborative program of the 
Missouri Botanical Garden, Harvard University, the Smithsonian 
Institution, the California Academy of Sciences, the Royal Botanic 
Garden, Edinburgh, and the Botanical Institutes of Beijing, 
Nanjing. The Garden and the Institute 


jos) 


Guangzhou, Kunming anc 
of Botany, Beijing, serve as the coordinating heac 


Sade 


quarters. Edito- 
rial and data processing centers have been established at each of the 
cooperating botanical institutes in China. The project has advisors 
in Europe, Russia and Japan. 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


eee 
G1 


OU 
ENVIRONMENT 


EarthWays Home 
Garden 


A team of volunteers from the 

Garden is collaborating with 

EarthWays to landscape a city 
Wa 


center located at 3617 Grandel 
Square, in the heart of the 
Grand Center Arts and Enter- 
tainment District. 


All of the plantings were 
grown from seed collected from 
native plants at the Garden’s 
Shaw Arboretum. Native 
species offer several advantages 
for urban gardeners, including 


= 
— 
La) 
3 
we 
3 
0 
.) 
=] 
a. 


the EarthWays Home was 
planned to illustrate all of the 
environmental benefits of a 
home garden: water and energy ma? “, Be OSS ; 
pa ape ae oe Steve Cline (right) and Katie Belisle of the Kemper Center for Home Gardening, together with a team 
wildlife, techniques for raising of Master Gardeners, planted a native wildflower garden at the EarthWays Home in September. 


@ ‘ pe: 
“ts oo5, *™ OL ae a 


wa. el Bat ge oe ee, ‘ 


an urban environment, and recycling yard waste by We look forward to continuing to work with EarthWays to 
composting. “The EarthWays Home is a wonderful facility for educate people about environmentally sound choices for home 
demonstrating all kinds of strategies for living in tune wit gardening.” Initial funding for the planting phase of the 

the environment,” said Dr. Steven D. Cline, manager of the EarthWays Home Garden was provided by Union Electric’s 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening. “The landscaping Greenleaf Foundation, with in-kind support from Hellmuth, 


showcases many of the concepts and techniques we encourage Obata & Kassabaum, Inc., Washington University School of 
at the Garden, in a way city dwellers can see and understand. Architecture, and Landscaping Architecture Resources. 


Garden Coalition’s Neighborhood Greening Program Will Help the City Bloom 


Tue St. Lours ComMunity FouNpDATION has awarded the Urban 


Street trees, establishing community gardens and comprehensive 
Gardening Partnership — a coalition made up of the Missouri ; ae ys ‘ded with 
i Se community beautification. Each group also will be provide 
Botanical Garden, University Extension and Gateway to Garden- ee 
gn technical information about general garden care, landscaping 
Ing — a two-year grant in the amount of $15,000 to develop a ee 
principles, planting, and maintenance. 
comprehensive greening plan for low- to moderate-income +3 d 
shitinie ESE Ee Sc Klee cock ies au The Neighborhood Greening Program will be manage 
ctions ; - ing c ity revitalization. The tae : : 
ait 'B y : through the Urban Gardening Partnership with the assistance and 
grant from the F. William Weinheimer Fund will support in part ; ; cas ‘vations 
ge . consultation of an advisory board consisting of 30 organization 
the Urban Gardening Partnership’s plan to implement the :; : 
involved in horticulture or community redevelopment. 
following projects: 


ommunity Lotscapes — Community gardens will be 
developed on vacant lots to include flowers, trees, shrubs and ‘ 
vegetable gardens. Update ay Recyling at MBG 


Street Tree Blocks — Street trees will be planted on boule- 


lsc eal poke A YEAR AGO we reported that the Garden had implemented a ae 
Garden Blocks — Sidewalk container flower gardens will be is dla eles ilar el eer een She Oe i ‘h 
supplied in business and residential areas. pre ree success in many areas yet still has much to accomplish. 
Initially, five neighborhood groups will be targeted. Plans oe —— — peer er. _ i — 
might inclade landscaping proieres im comamon nteas, pocket Galk _ by any institution or family learning to incorpor 
development, improving neighborhood entrance areas, planting recycling into the daily routine. continued on next page 


O. BULLETIN NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 1994 


RECYCLING UPDATE - continued 


Among our achievements, in 
eleven months the Garden has re- 
cycled 8 tons of clear and colored 
glass, 14 tons of corrugated card- 
board, almost 4 tons of white ledger 
paper, and 3 tons of miscellaneous 
mixed and colored paper. We also 
recycled 1,389 pounds of computer 
paper, 47 pounds of styrofoam, and 
81 pallets. 

These numbers indicate that we 
are removing significant amounts 
of material from the solid waste 
stream going to landfills. In addi- 
tion, the Garden continues to 
recycle vehicle batteries, scrap 
metal, copper and aluminum, mo- 
tor oil, cleaning fluid, laser printer 
cartridges, and tires. 

The challenges encountered 
concern volume and quality of ma- 
terial submitted for recycling. As 
an example, due to staff enthusi- 
asm too many unsuitable items 
were being placed into the “mixed 
paper” containers, including food 
wrappers, paper towels, and book- 
lets with plastic bindings. This 
requires the recycler to sort the ma- 
terial by hand several times before 
it can be processed mechanically, 
which is very expensive. This, to- 
gether with other issues such as 
assuring that metal cans and plas- 
tic containers are clean in order to 
avoid health hazards, are good ex- 
amples of problems encountered by 
any large organization that under- 
takes a major recycling program. 
One solution is determining better 
ways to inform the staff about how 
to prepare materials for recycling. 

To make a recycling program 
successful, three criteria must be 
met. There must be a market or 
use for the recycled product; the 
process must be marginally cost ef- 
fective or subsidized; and the 
material must be ready to be pro- 
cessed when it is collected. The 
last item is where many programs 
fall short. 

We have made significant 
progress, and we have found that 
recycling many materials is worth- 
while and feasible on an 
institutional scale. A year from now 
we plan to report even more 
progress. 


PLANNED GIVING — THE HENRY SHAW Funp YEAR-END APPEAL 
SLES GRA a J SRE Fo GROUT Peace ae a RR A PA ISG NCS TITRE 


A Season for All Things 


As THE HOLIDAYS APPROACH, you know what happens. Activities escalate, time disappears, 
and thoughts of loved ones, lists, and errands take over. Despite our best efforts, some 
things slip by the wayside — postponed — to be considered later. 

One of the casualties of the year-end bustle might well be charitable causes, despite the 
fact that the Garden and others do everything possible 
to capture that small bit of attention you can spare at 
this time of year. Another casualty of the season is the 
thought of the following April 15. At year end, 
Income Tax Day could not seem further away. Yet 
anything you do before December 31 that minimizes 
taxes will be very welcome next April. 

At the Garden, too, year-end activities escalate. How- 
ever, there is a unique element in the Garden's year end 
pattern: an awareness of the financial state of the 
Garden. Our deadline is not April 15; it's December 31. 

The Garden’s by-laws require a balanced budget at year-end. The Henry Shaw Year-End 
Appeal has traditionally helped the Garden to meet this challenge. The urgency is in- 
creased by the ebb and flow of the expected and the unexpected —- expenses imposed by 
price increases for supplies and equipment, or the loss of traditional resources when grants 
are slashed by funding agencies. 

We hope that when you receive your appeal for the Henry Shaw Fund you will consider 
how important your participation is and that you will respond at the greatest level you can. 
While our Top Ten contest to elicit reasons to give to the year-end appeal was amusing and 
fun (see story below), the need is real. There is a season for all things. 

If you would like information on what form your gift should take to realize the greatest 
tax advantages, call our Gift Planning Department at.577-9532. We would be happy to talk 
with you at no obligation. 


A gift to the 
Garden now will 
help on April 15. 


“Top Ten Reasons” Winners: The Envelope, Please 


IN OUR LAST ISSUE we invited Garden members to send in their ideas for the “Top Ten 
Reasons to Support the Henry Shaw Fund Year-End Appeal.” As to be expected, our 
members’ creativity surpassed anything we could have dreamed up. The responses were so 
good, in fact, that we have awarded two individuals the top prize of a $500 Director's 
Associate membership for one year. 


The Number One Reason: 

“It’s a Blooming Great Cause!” — Tom Villa, city resident 

Serving these many years in public office, Mr. Villa says, “I came to realize 
what an educational and cultural jewel the Garden is, and how blessed we are 


to have it.” 


The Number Two Reason: 

“You can enjoy the beauty of a world class garden while someone else does 
the weeding!” — Karen Ostlund, English teacher 

“As an English teacher I am aware of the importance of symbols in our daily 
lives. The Garden has become a symbol of our ability to work with nature to 
enrich our lives and the lives of our children.” 


When You Receive Our Year-End Appeal — 
There were many excellent entries, and a sampling of the cleverest appears below. We hope 
that all of these reasons will inspire you to respond generously when you receive your 
Henry Shaw Fund Year-End Appeal in the mail. 
“Where else can you see a wedding and not have to dress up or bring a gift?” 
Support the Garden’s Year-End Appeal “because contributing will fulfill a deep-seeded need 
to get back to the Garden.” 
“Taking a first date to watch the ivy grow allows time to get to know each other.” 
BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 9. 


RE EET Me 
NEWS FROM THE 


: Z LIBRARY 

a Walter Hodge 
Gives Photos to 
Archives 


Walter H. Hodge, a 
noted economic 
botanist and photogra- 


negatives representing 
over 9,000 plants to 
the Garden’s library. 
In addition, a splendid 
collection of 1,269 stock prints from these negatives was 
donated by his son, Peter H. Hodge. 

The collection represents Hodge’s botanical photogra- 
phy from 1927-1973. According to Hodge’s own 
account, these photographs illustrate “the characteristics 
and economic uses of plants throughout the world. They 
are utilized for textbooks, encyclopedias, teaching and 
scientific works by the scientific community.” They were 
also used to illustrate Dr. Hodge’s own scientific papers. 

Most of the negatives are by Hodge himself, but there 
are photos by other photographers. The largest number 
are by Hodge’s friend, Paul Allen. A separate collection 
of Allen’s negatives of plant photos was an earlier gift to 
the Garden by Walter Hodge. Inquiries about the Hodge 
collection may be directed to the Archivist, Missouri 
Botanical Garden. 


ws J Whe art 
A Peruvian boy helps to dig the 
oca crop, Oxalis tuberosa. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


MASTERPIECES OF THE RARE Book Room — Pub- 
lished 50 years after Columbus’s first voyage to the 
Americas, De Historia Stirpium is a remarkable work 
by the distinguished German botanist Leonhard 
Fuchs, for whom the genus Fuchsia is named. The 
herbal was one of the first to use illustrations re- 
nowned both for their beauty and remarkable 


10. BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


Botanical Garden 
Magnet School — 
Keeps Growing — 


His fall the Mullanphy Botanical Garden q 
Investigative Learning Center welcomed nearly 
600 elementary students, a big jump from the : 
1993 enrollment of 390. The students, grades K — 
through 5, were greeted by renovated facilities and : 
a brand new addition to the school featuring new 
science labs, a greenhouse, and a computer lab. 

Students at the Botanical Garden ILC are en- 
couraged to use scientific investigation and problem 
solving techniques in all of their classes. They are 
challenged with math and science plus a complete 
curriculum, and all classes have easy access to the 
living collections, displays, and other research 
activities at the Garden. 

The Botanical Garden ILC began in 1976 as a 
math and science magnet school at the Stix School 
in the Central West End. The program has always 
had close ties with the Garden, and in 1993 the 
school moved to the newly renovated Brian 
Mullanphy School at 4221 Shaw Avenue, just a 
block from the Garden. 

Alicia Ivory House, an instructor for the Garden’s 
Education Division, teaches science classes at 
Mullanphy that are carefully coordinated with the 
school’s curriculum. This year Alicia is joined by 
Rebecca Young, a horticulturist and education 
staffer at the Garden, who spends one day a week teaching 
students how to grow and care for plants in the school’s 
new greenhouse. 

The Garden’s ECO-ACT program is active at Mullanphy 
this year, with students from St. Louis University High 
School teaching the elementary children about ecology 
and the environment. In addition, Glenn Kopp of the 
Kemper Center for Home Gardening and Master Gardener 
Helen Hannon will be working with three teachers and 
Mullanphy students to plant and restore the formal gar- 
dens in front of the school. 

The Saint Louis Zoo is an important partner in the 
programs at Mullanphy, providing a full range of pro- 
grams and activities. Students also have opportunities to 
Participate in field trips to the St. Louis Science Center. 


Above left: The new greenhouse. 
Above: The computer lab. 


“Observe Closely. 
What Do You See?” 
“We will ask questions.” 
“We will make guesses.” 
“We will experiment.” 

“We will record data.” 

“We will make conclusions.” 


— Signs in a science lab at Mullanphy IL« 


Left: A class studies vermicomposting 
with earthworms 
Below, left and right: Science lab 


LJ a! 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 19! 


ening 


Home Gard 


WHEN the holidays are over, 
there is always the question of 
how to dispose of the family 
Christmas tree, especially now 
that the issue of landfill space 
has become a major issue in 
Missouri. There are better 


of home compost units. 
Mulch 

If you have a yard around 
your home, you have many 
possibilities for disposing of 
your tree. One of the simplest 
options is to cut off the 
branches and lay them over 
perennial beds to help protect 
plants from ice, snow, and 
freezing temperatures. The 
mulch also offers a refuge for 
small wildlife, including 
ground-feeding birds. In 
spring, remove the branches 
and cut them up for processing 
in the compost pile. Use the 
trimmed trunk to edge the 
border of a planting bed or 
path. NEVER burn conifer 
wood in your fireplace or wood 
stove — see “Do’s an ts” 
on the next page. 

If you're lucky 
have a chipper/sh dder 


methods than just os thes\\\! 


tree at the cur 

Cali the Master 

Composter Hotline | 
Don't pass this up! The - 

Garden’s Master Composter 

Hotline (see box on next page) 

has lots of options, even for ~~ 


city dwellers who have no wee 


will chip and recycle your” 


Christmas tree for a modest’ ; iS i 
Call for the most=}™ 
up-to-date listings. Or callethe <1 gs 


“tipping fee”. 


HortLine (see next page) and 
listen to message #3706. 

Of course, if you’re lucky 
enough to have a compost pile, 
you can recycle your tree fairly 
easily. Come to the Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening for 
more information and classes 
in home composting. The 
Garden’s new composting 
facility has a complete demon- 
stration area with several types 


12. 


idea. After you remove da 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 1994 


A SECOND LIFE FOR YOUR HOLIDAY TREE 


traces of decoration, simply 
place the tree in a protected 
area and hang suet, bird seed 
balls, popcorn strings, stale 
bread or dried fruit on the 
branches. Pine cones rolled in 
peanut butter and sprinkled 
with bird seed are a special 
treat for birds and squirrels. If 
you lay the tree on its side, the 
wildlife will ome the 
protection, to 
A cinerea Program 

If you live in the country, or 
know someone who does, you 
may have been recycling your 
holiday trees for years as brush 
piles or fish habitats in ponds. 
You may not have access to 
private land, but fortunately 
the St. Louis Post-Dipatch is 
sponsoring a Christmas Tree 
Recycling Program once again 
this year. 
In 1993 the Post-Dispatch 


that 90 ANA ‘S's all cut trees 


today are grown in plantations. 


They are planted and main- 
tained for the express purpose 
of producing trees for the 
industry, and cut trees are 
typically grown on land not 
suited for other uses, where 
they provide interim cover for 


wildlife and erosion control. 
For every tree harvested, two 
to three seedlings are planted 
in its place. 

If you want to try a living 
tree, bear in mind that pines 
are not long-lived in the heavy 
clay soils so typical in St. 
Louis. 

Pines and firs are notori- 
ously susceptible to pests and 
early demise in this area. One 
beautiful species that seems to 
do fairly well here is a dwarf 
Colorado blue spruce, Picea 
pungens ‘Fat Albert’. It reaches 
a maximum height at maturity 
of about 20', making it ideal for 
home landscaping. 

Choosing a suitable 
transplanting site is crucial: it 
must be sunny and well 
drained. Digging your 
transplanting hole before the 
ground freezes and mulching 
the backfill to keep it from 
freezing will save you a lot of 
backbreaking labor after the 
holidays. 

The other thing to remem- 
ber about a living tree is that 
you cannot keep it in the 
house for weeks and expect it 
to survive. To maintain the 
plant in prime condition and 
keep the foliage from drying 
out, display it indoors for no 
more than three to five days, 
positioned away from heat 
sources and drafts. 

Living trees are usually 
purchased “balled and 
burlapped”, with the root 
system and its supporting soil 
bound up in burlap to keep it 
together. Make sure that the 
root ball is kept moist. Place it 
in a shallow pan with a small 
amount of water. Avoid 


| handling the ball when it is 


wet, as it is likely to break 
apart. If the ball is frozen 
when you take it home, let it 
warm up gradually in a cool 
room such as an unheated 
garage. A drastic change of 
conditions will cause more 
problems than a gradual 
change in temperature and 
water supply. When you bring 


So f 8. 8S FO 8e 7 


Regional Plant Societies 


The list below includes many of the plant societies that are active 
at the Missouri Botanical Garden. Names and telephone numbers 
for contact persons change frequently; please call the Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening at 577-9440 with changes, additions, 
or to obtain more information. 


Ardath Miller 394-9190 
Peter Van Mier 727-9191 
Sheila Hoffmeister 846-8430 
Ellis Evans 843-3767 
Daylily Society of Greater St. Louis John Eiseman 991-2838 
East Central District Federated Garden Clubs of Missouri 


African Violet Council 
Bonsai Society of Greater St. Louis 
Boxwood Society of the Midwest 

Dahlia Society of Greater St. Louis 


Gardeners of America (formerly Men’s Garden Clubs of 
America) (Ozark Region) Russell McClellan 837-2470 
Gateway Chapter of the North AmericanRock Garden Society 
June Hutson 577-9402 
Gateway West Gesneriad Society Christa Rariden 776-2823 
Henry Shaw Cactus Society Pat Thomann 773-2931 
Ikebana International 
Iris Society of Greater St. Louis 
Mid-America Regional Judging Committee of the 
American Orchid Society David Brown 727-2385 
Mid-America Regional Lily Society Fred Winterowd 423-5313 
Missouri Botanical Garden Daylily Society 
Mirko Bolanovich 965-7471 


es 8 PF 8 OR 8 a: ££ ? 


The Garden has several telephone services 
available to assist you. 


GardenLine 
74.h E pas. | 
am 


577-9400 
re j ae 
ours Ourtsid ee 


h = Boe > 
314, calll-800-642-8842 toll free, 24 hours a day. 


Horticultural Answer Service (314)577-5143 
Monday through Friday, 9:00 a.m, tonoon, Master 
Gardeners are on hand to answer your gardening 
questions, 


Master Hotline (314) 577-9555 
9:00 a.m. to noon, Monday through Friday. 
Specially trained Master Gardeners are on hand to 
answer your questions about yard waste manage- 
ment techniques. After hours leave a message and 
your call will be returned. The Master Composter 
program is supported by the Monsanto Fund. 


HortLine (314) 776-5522 
24-hour recorded gardening information is avail- 
able with a touch tone telephone, You will need a 
brochure listing the hundreds of HortLine topics 
in order to use the service; you may request a 
brochure by calling the Kemper Center for Home 
Gardening at (314) 577-9440, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 
daily, or send a stamped, self-addressed envelope 
to HortLine, Kemper Center for Home Gardening, 
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O, Box 299, St. Louis, 


Missouri Mycological Society Ken Gilberg 458-1458 


Missouri Native Plant Society George Yatskievych 


577-9522 


Missouri Orchid Society Ron Taube 961-0577 


O'Fallon Iris Society Roy Bohrer 


240-8780 


Orchid Society of Greater St. Louis Diana Plahn 965-5007 


Rose Society of Greater St. Louis 


Saintpaulia Society 
St. Louis Evening Herbalists 


Marilyn D. Miller 


Carole Sebastian 993-9270 


481-0755 


St. Louis Herb Society Sue Reed 965-6813 


St. Louis Horticultural Society 


St. Louis Water Gardening Society 
West County Daylily Club Roy Bohrer 240-8780 


MO 63166-0299. 


the tree into the house, keep it 
in the pan of water covered 
with plastic sheeting to retard 
drying. Cover the plastic with 
a tree skirt if desired. 

After five days, remove the 
decorations and place the tree 
in a cool sheltered area for 
about a week prior to trans- 
planting into your preprepared 
site outdoors. Transplanting 
should be done when the 
weather is reasonably mild. 
Using bagged soil mix is not 
advised, since it is not native to 


the site and may cause prob- 
lems with root development. 
Soil mix is also usually much 
lighter in texture than the soil 
of your yard and may not 
support the weight of the tree 
in snow, ice, or wind. You will 
probably want to stake your 
tree for extra support. 

Expect some dieback in the 
branches or tips to appear in 
the next growing season. It is 
not easy for plants that have 
warmed up to room tempera- 
ture to endure the outdoors, 


but if you follow these guide- 
lines you have a fair chance of 
success. 

Do’s and Don’t’s 

Above all, DON’T BURN 
YOUR CHRISTMAS TREE ina 
fireplace or wood stove. Resins 
in conifer wood can accumu- 
late in chimneys and cause a 
flue fire. 

Whatever method you 
choose for disposing of your 
holiday tree, be careful to 
remove all of the decorations. 
Most are reusable, and trim- 
mings left on the tree can 
contaminate mulch, pollute 
water, harm wildlife, and cause 
litter. 

Trees that have been 
flocked, or that have been 
sprayed with artificial snow, 
may require special handling. 
Call the Department of Natural 
Resources’ toll-free number, 1- 
800-334-6948. 


BULLETIN 


The William T. Kemper 
Center for Home Gardening 
is open 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. 
daily. Admission is free 
with regular Garden 
admission. For information 
on classes and activities 
at the Center, please call 
(314) 577-9440. 


The Plant Doctor is 
available at the Kemper 
Center for walk-in consulta- 
tions from 10 a.m. to noon 
and 1 to 3 p.m. Monday 
through Saturday. 


Call HortLine for recorded 
gardening information 24 


_ hours a day! For an up-to- 


| date listing of “Plants in 


_ Bloom” at the Garden, 
press 3 when you call 

| HortLine. 

| 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


continuing through 
november 13 sunday 


Fall Flower Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, 
Orthwein Floral Hall. Colorful 
chrysanthemums, sunflowers, 
zinnias, and other seasonal 
ornamentals and grasses, in a 
display inspired by the abstract 
paintings of Mondrian. Free 
with Garden admission. 


lendar 


december 2 friday 
Members’ Preview: 
Holiday Flower Show 

5 to 8 p.m., Ridgway Center. 
Start off your holiday festivities 
at the Garden! Entertainment, 
cash bar. Dinner buffet will be 
available in the Gardenview 
Restaurant. Garden Gate Shop 
will be open. Free, for 
members only. 

december 3 — january 1 
Holiday Flower Show 

9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily, 
Orthwein Floral Hall. A 
classical garden in the round, 
inspired by the formal gardens 
of antiquity, radiates in 
symmetrical patterns accented 
with fountains, classical urns 
and columns. An antique bay 
tree, Laurus nobilis, is deco- 
rated as the centerpiece of a 
central portico, accented by 
brilliant poinsettias, Narcissus, 
s, dianthus, garlands 
es of twinkling white 
Mh Garden 


ORAS 2 2 for 
preview 


? 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


november 10 - 12 
thursday - saturday 


Holiday Preview Sale 

9 a.m. to 7 p.m. Thursday and 
Friday; 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. 
Saturday; Garden Gate Shop. 
Members receive 20% discount 
on all merchandise, all three 
days; refreshments will be 
served on Thursday and 
Friday. Watch your mail, and 
see page 17 for details. 


november 27 sunday 
Chanukah: 

Festival of Lights 

11 a.m. to 5 p.m., Ridgway 
Center. Presented in conjunc- 
tion with the Jewish 
Community Centers Associa- 
tion and the St. Louis Circle of 
Jewish Music. The day will 
include the fourth annual 
Chanukah Choral Festival, 
craft workshops, sing-alongs, 
Chanukah cooking demonstra- 
tions, and a runner 


Aiba , . , , i 
A Victorian Holiday at Tower Grove 


representing the Israeli Maccabi Youth 
Organization, bearing a special torch as 
part of the Menorah lighting ceremony, 
The runner is from Modiin in the Judean 
Hills, where the story of Chanukah 
originated. Regular Garden admission; 
choral concert tickets are $5 per person. 
Call 577-9432 for more information. 


december 6 & 7 

tuesday & wednesday 

Carols in the Garden 

5 to 9 p.m. each day, Ridgway Center and 
grounds. Featuring the Tower Grove 
House Candlelight Tour. See back cover 
for details. 


december 9 - 11 


friday - sunday 


Holiday Plant Sale 

9 a.m. to 7 p.m. Friday; 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. 
Saturday and Sunday; Garden Gate Shop. 
Members receive 20% discount on all 
merchandise, all three days. Refreshments 
will be served on Friday. Watch your 
mail, and see page 17 for details. 


ys 


december 6 - 31 tuesday - saturday 

10 a.m. to 4 p.m. daily. Tower Grove House will display its annual Victorian 
holiday finery. Come tour the historic mansion and delight in its colorful 
traditional decorations, including garlands, wreaths, and a Victorian Christ- 
mas tree, every day except Christmas Day when the Garden is closed. 


december 6 & 7 tuesday & wednesday Candlelight Tour 


The Tower Grove House Auxilia 


ry will offer their annual Candlelight Tour as 


part of the “Carols in the Garden” Festival, December 6 and 7. See the back 


cover for details. 


december 9, 13, 14, 15 Holiday Luncheons 

Serving begins at noon, Tower Grove House Tea Room. Reservations must 

be made in advance. Please call Tower Grove House, (314) 577-5150, 

beginning Friday, November 11 at 9 a.m. Payment must be received no later 
5S 


than November 23.4 


The New St. Louis Herb 
Society Cookbook Is Here! 


320 pages, $18.00 
Available in the Garden Gate Shop 


Back sy POPULAR DEMAND after almost 20 years, 
the new St. Louis Herb Society Cookbook is 
now available in the Garden Gate Shop. Two 
years in the making, the 400 recipes were com- 
piled, tested, and written by members of the 
Society, who are already famous for their two 
earlier cookbooks and for the wonderful herbal 
vinegars, curry powder, and other herbal prepa- 
rations they offer for sale. 

The all-new original recipes include herbed 
leg of lamb, rosemary sorbet, cranberry chut- 
ney with baked Brie, garlic custard, rose 
geranium cake, lemon mint tart, rosemary citrus jelly, orange curry 
cookies, and fragrant soups and breads. Members of the society 
tested every one, and no concoction went into the book until it 
won raves from committees of tasters! With an emphasis on light, 
healthful eating, the recipes use ingredients commonly available in 
St. Louis markets, so you can experiment even if you don’t have an 
herb garden, 

The St. Louis Herb Society was founded in 1941. For years they 
met at the Garden in the Museum Building. In 1967 the group 
established the exquisite herb garden behind Tower Grove House, 
which they still plant and maintain. Members conduct regular 
education classes at the Garden, hold workshops throughout the 
year, and provide speakers for community programs. Membership 
in the St. Louis Herb Society is limited to 60 active members. 

“We wanted to put joy and pleasure back into preparing and 
eating meals,” said Sharon Dougherty, a member of the group. 
“Using herbs creatively to enhance flavor makes it easy to limit fat, 
salt, and sugar as so many of us are doing today. And it rekindles 
an interest in savoring and enjoying what we eat!” 


every day 


Free Walking Tours 

1 p.m. daily. Meet the Garden Guides at 
the Ridgway Center ticket counter, rain or 
shine, for a fascinating tour of the Garden. 
Free with regular admission. 


Above: Barbara Ottolini (left) 
and Sheila Hoffmeister, 
co-chairs and editors of the 
cookbook project, prepare 
savory “Green Beans with a 
Difference” from the new 
cookbook, using fresh herbs 
grown in the Tower Grove 
House garden. 


4s 


Right: The new St. Louis } 
of the the Herb Society's popular 


Herb Society Cookbook is 
surrounded here by some 
products and produce. 


a 


The Herb Society will offer cooking classes featuring recipes 
from their new cookbook at the Kemper Center demonstration 
kitchen on Monday, November 14. Classes will be held from 1 
to 3 p.m. and from 7 to 9 p.m. Enrollment is limited; please call 
the Garden’s Education Division at 577-5140 for details 


[ee 
Members’ Days 


november 30 wednesday 

Holiday Decorating 

10 a.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. Join Irene Holmes of Petals by Irene for demonstra- 
tions of how to create your own festive holiday decorations. Irene will present 
wonderful ideas for your home and holiday table. Attendance drawings; seating is 


limited. Free, for members only. 


wednesdays & saturdays 


Garden Walkers’ Breakfast 
7 a.m., grounds. In cooperation with the 
American Heart Association, the grounds 
open early every Wednesday and Saturday 
morning to encourage fitness walking. 
reenhouses open at 9 a.m. Breakfast is 
available for purchase in the Gardenview 
Restaurant, 7 to 10:30 a.m. 


december 10 saturday 

Mid-America Dance Company Presents “The Madcracker” 

11 a.m., Shoenberg Auditorium. The beloved holiday classic ballet “The Nutcracker” 
is brought up to date with zany humor in this delightful parody . The 90-minute 
performance features 17 wonderful dancers. A treat for the whole family! 

Seating is limited. Free, for members only. 


~ BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 15. 


. 
oe 


ox 
a, 


Members 


re 4 
Ce 


Thank You! 
“Best of Missouri” Market 
Sponsors 


Commerce Bank 
Monsanto Company 
Premier Homes Inc. 

The Boatmen’ National Bank of St. Louis 


St. Louis County Farm Bureau 
First Bank 


Shaw Neighborhood Shops Offer Special 
Discounts to Garden Members 


During the Garden Gate Shop’s November and December 
Holiday Sales, the merchants in the Shaw Neighborhood 
are offering a special welcome to Garden members, 
including discounts of up to 20 percent. The shops are 
located at at Shaw and Vandeventer, just one block west 
of the Garden. Present your Garden membership card 
for special discounts at The Bug Store, Surprise! , 
Retreads, and Hercules Designs. 


16. BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


TAC 


December 3 through January 1 
9 a.m. to 5 p.m. daily 
Ridgway Center 
Spectacular holiday wreaths created by some of the finest 
oral designers in the St. Louis area: 


® BOTANICALS ON THE PARK ® LADUE FLORIST ® 
CUMBERWORTH’S FINE FLOWERS ® KEN MIESNER’S FLOWERS 
@ JON Pret Fiora DesiGn ® Jopy DELF ¢ 


@ Ranpy FEikey Frorais @ DALE ROHMAN ® a 
HEREFORD-ANDREW DesiIGN ® Bozzay FLORISTS 
® DESIGNS OF DISTINCTION ® 
@ CHARLES W. FREEMAN ® & 
— 


v 
a 
@ 


> 
‘y 

Holiday Gift Membership 

Special — Save 20% 


During the Holiday Plant & Gift Sale December 9, 10, 
and 11, you may purchase a $45 Garden membership 
for just $36, or a $40 senior membership for just $32, 
a savings of 20 percent! 


Then enjoy the 20 percent members’ discount in 
the Garden Gate Shop, or give a membership as a gift 
that will delight family and friends all year long. Each 
gift recipient will be sent a limited edition set of ten 
Missouri Botanical Garden note cards and a holiday 
greeting from you. 


Rep eimoimm are 
THERE’S S11Lt Time! 


Tour de France: Nov.12 


Garden members are invited to a gala evening of 
music, dancing, and the glorious food and wines of 
France. The party will be held at Ces & Judy’s Le 
Chateau to benefit the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Tickets are $100 per person. Please call 577-9500 for 
last minute reservations. 


Now Your Membership Is Worth More than Ever 

Due to financial constraints, beginning January 1, 1995, visitors 
will be charged admission to Garden flower shows. Admission 
for ages 13-65: $2 plus Garden admission; seniors: $1 plus 
Garden admission. As always, Garden members will be admitted 
to the flower shows free, and upper level members ($75 and 
above) may bring up to ten guests free. 


SHOP 
eee 


Receive 15% Members’ 
Discount on Holiday Cards 
When You Order by Mail! 


1994 MBG Holiday Card 
THe 1994 sieictedeni Botanical Garden Holi- 
day Cardisa ng view of Tower Grove 
House, complete with Henry Shaw and his 
friends and family enjoying a sleigh ride. 
This whimsical scene is painted in full color 
by local artist Ann Thompson, the third in 
her series of Garden cards for the holidays. 

This year it is even easier to support the 
Garden by sending these delightful cards. 
If you order by mail you will receive a 15 
percent discount, shipping and handling 
additional; or purchase cards in the Garden 
Gate Shop at the usual ten percent mem- 
bers’ discount. Cards come in sets of 12 
with 12 envelopes for $12.00 per box. To 
order, you may call the Shop at (314) 577- 
5136 Monday - Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. 


MBG = Noe 


“The Garden”, a handsome set of boxed 
notecards, features six of Jack Jennings’ won- 
derful color photographs. Each box holds 
18 cards and envelopes, $12.95. 


Holiday Preview Sale 


November 10 — 12, 1994 

Thursday & Friday 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. 
Saturday 9a.m. to 5 p.m. 

Members take 20% off all merchandise. 
Refreshments will be served on Thursday 
and Friday. 

Get your holiday shopping done early at 
the Garden Gate Shop! The Shop is featur- 
ing all of the items on this page, plus an 
enchanting array of holiday decorations, 
gifts, and books, including A World of Plants, 
the spectacular book on the Garden from 
Abrams 


Holiday Plant Sale 


December 9-11, 1994 

Friday & Saturday 9 a.m. to7 p.m. 
Sunday 9a.m. to 5 p.m. 

Members take 20% off all merchandise. 
Refreshments will be served on Friday. 

Fill your home with blooming color for 
the holidays, with brilliant poinsettias, 
Christmas cactus, small live decorated 
Christmas trees, and other seasonal blooms. 
And take advantage of another opportunity 


to stock up on the Shop's charming array of 
gifts, where you'll find something for every- 
one on your list. 


] 995 Garden Calendar 


The new Missouri Botanical Garden Calen- 
dar for 1995 is available in the Shop, with 
wonderful new full color photographs by 
Jack Jennings. The 16" x 12" 
calendars include a full et poster on the 
Flora Mesoamericana Project and the 
Garden's research program, and are priced 
at $10.95, Members receive a ten percent 
discount, plus shipping and handling. You 
may call the Shop at (314) 577-5136 Mon- 
day through Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m 


poster-size 


A N E w 


Fresh from the | 


Paste 


sarden 


HAVE YOU EVER WISHED you could take some of ibe, Aehights of the Garden home 
with you — or share them with a friend far away? ‘Now you Gan! The Missouri 
Botanical Garden introduces an exciting new line of herbs, spices, and 
condiments, straight from the kitchens of Ces & Judy, the talented ehefs of the 
Gardenview Restaurant. These: ae alas eee packs ae” 
priced, just right for holiday’ gift giving. 5 ge 


Ourve On & Hers ¢ 
Extra virgin importedi@five oil 
infused with the rich fr 
rosemary or basik nd eae 


Driep Hees <= 
Locally gates orto, 
‘thyme’, fosemary garlic, and 
hole black PeRpETCOnS 


Bice SHIITAKE Mésitooms 
Organically grown in the Missourd 
OzRehS 4 Belg Eagles Tg, ; 


ein Sansa, “ig * 
Spark your meals with the vibrant 
colors and flavors‘ef fresh 
tomatoes, chilisonions, cilantro, 


nals tea spices, itha Binley 
concoction that's not 100 hot, not 


too meek — just right 


Frestt Bean Dip 
be, Olefs A hearty, flavorful combina: 
_= Stton Sfpinto beans, peppers and 
ail 


Baracour Sauce Be 
kw 


“and bréwn sugar, “rich with the 
flav or you've es oat fay — 


mga 
a 


chilis combieY¥or a hiscidustdip. 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


RESEARCH 


DLV LS DON 


NEWS 


Claiborne/Ortenberg Foundation Helps 
Build for the Future in Ecuador 


IMAGINE A NATURE PRESERVE where students can study environ- 
mental education right in the tropical forest. Add a public garden 
where people can learn about the economic importance of their 
native plants. These innovative ideas are active and thriving at 
the Jatun Sacha Biological Station in Ecuador, thanks in part to 


Educating the local 
residents about the 
value of their natural 
resources enlists their 
Support in preserving 
a priceless biological 
heritage for all of us, 
far into the future. 


funding from the Liz 
Claiborne/Art Ortenberg 
Foundation. 

Jatun Sacha is a nature 
preserve dedicated to research, 
education and conservation. 
Co-founded by Garden curator 
David Neill and administered 
by the Jatun Sacha Foundation, 
the station is located in the 
mountains of Ecuador, one of 
the biologically richest regions 
in the wor 

The education and conser- 
vation program supported by 
the Claiborne/Ortenberg 


Foundation has two components. The first places teachers in 
local schools in the rural areas and small towns near Jatun Sacha. 
The teachers, who speak Spanish or the native Quichua language, 
supplement the natural science curriculum in the schools with an 
emphasis on the ecology and conservation of tropical forests. 
Students make regular field trips to the biological station to 
experience the ecosystem they are studying. 

The second component of the program is the Amazon Plant 
Conservation Center, a small botanical garden established at 
Jatun Sacha. The project will feature research, education and 


F 4% AS 


rf Piece, = nol 
‘ ~ : 
a oa md Re pons ne ae 
f . ; v 
> ZS . ee, : 

BS me Wey pe ‘ 
re, a 

PAs Ro et s 


SUP pgs 


reen 
:3 Es i Ae 

The architect’s rendering of the Amazon 

garden at Jatun Sacha Biological § 


y 18. BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 
xy 


piece oe 


VORP d€3 ite gs 
Plant Conservation Center, a new botanical 
tation 


conservation of some of the economically important native plants 
of Amazonian Ecuador, concentrating on medicinal plants and 
native species of fruit and nut trees. The center was designed by 
Judith Parker, a landscape architect from Miami who specializes 
in tropical gardens. 

During the past year the education program has been ex- 
panded to include adults in the community. Training courses 
were developed for local ecotourism guides, and an Agroforestry 
Extension Program was designed to promote sustainable agricul- 
tural practices among the local farmers. A health education 
program for women from the rural area around Jatun Sacha 
included sanitation and development of vegetable gardens. 

“We are extremely grateful to the Claiborne/Ortenberg 
Foundation for supporting this farsighted approach,” said David 
Neill. “Educating the local residents about the value of their 
natural resources enlists their support in preserving a priceless 
biological heritage for all of us, far into the future. 


Tinker Foundation Supports Garden 
Programs in Ecuador and Bolivia 


THE GARDEN’S PROGRAMS in Ecuador and Bolivia will be bolstered 
by an $80,000 three-year grant from the Tinker Foundation. The 
Garden has had an impact on the environmental policy of both 
Ecuador and Bolivia. The Tinker Foundation grant will make it 
possible to strengthen efforts to provide vital information that 
will help these countries policymakers make decisions about the 
country’s environment and natural resources. 

In Ecuador, the Garden helped to establish the national 
herbarium and library with support from debt-swap funds, which 
are beginning to run out. The herbarium and library are now 
functioning effectively as a national information center on the 
flora and vegetation of the country, under the direction of Dr. 
David Neill, the Garden’s resident botanist in Ecuador. Solid 
scientific information is necessary before sound environmental 
decisions can be made. Before the Garden began 
working in Ecuador in 1985, such information was 
not available to Ecuadorian policymakers. 

The Garden began its efforts in Bolivia in 1981, 
where it has been working with Bolivian institu- 
tions dedicated to botanical inventory, plant 
ecology, conservation and sustainable use of 
biological resources. Early years were dedicated to 
plant collecting and assistance in the establishment 
of the national herbarium. Training has always 
been a priority, and in recent years the effort has 
become more focused as more Bolivians have 
entered the field of botany. The Garden is also 
conducting research projects that are having an 
impact in environmental policy in Bolivia and have 
been helpful in the establishment of the boundaries 
of protected areas in the country. 

The Garden’s efforts have helped to establish 


ao definitively the incredible botanical diversity of 


oth Bolivia and Ecuador, and the impact of the 
Garden’s projects on the two countries’ environ- 
mental policies has been profound. But the 
projects are expensive. Through the support of the 
Tinker Foundation, the Garden’s important work 
will continue. 


CLIFF WILLIS 


RESEARCH DIVISION NEWS 
er ee Ra , 


Symposium speakers and 
moderators included (back row, 
from left): Russell K. Monson 
Richard I. Vane-Wright, P. Mick 
Richardson, Michael Vecchione, 


Michael J. Balick, Brent D. 
Mishler 


Front row, from left: Nancy R. 
Morin, Jay M. Savage, Amy 
Rossman, James H. Oliver, }?. 


ITH thousands of species becoming extinct annually, as many as half of all species “Systematics 
may disappear by the year 2050. How will we know what organisms have become 
extinct if we do not know what was there in the first place? At the Garden's 41st Agenda 2000” 
Annual Systematics Symposium, “Systematics Agenda 2000: Systematics and zo 
Society,” scientists from around the world discussed the importance of discovering and ¢ lassifying Discussed 
all organisms and the potential impacts on human society. The symposium was held at the Garden 
on October 1, 1994. at Annual 
Systematics Agenda 2000 is a joint effort by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, the . 
Society of Systematics Biologists and the William Henning Society, in cooperation with the Associa- Symposium 
tion of Systematics Collections, to design a global initiative to discover, describe and classify the 
world’s species over the next 25 years. Meeting the challenges of the biodiversity crisis and success- 
fully completing this agenda will require an intensive international effort. 
Papers were presented from scientists from the United States and England. The keynote speech 
was given by ethnobiologist Michael J. Balick of the New York Botanical Garden 
According to Dr. Mick Richardson, “It’s now or never. The rapid rise in the human population of 
the earth is driving many species of plants and animals to extinction. No species exists on its own, 
all are ieee a aes The extinction of one organism may have great repercussions on other 
Richardson, a co-organizer of the symposium, is the manager of Graduate Studies at 


Since 1954, the Systematics Symposium at the Garden has received support from the National 
Science Foundation nearly every year, including 1994. 
Distinguished Japanese Botanist 
Visits the Garden 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Gardens at the University of Tokyo, visited St. 
Louis at the end of September to attend the 


Professor Kunio Iwatsuki, director of the Botanical 


Garden’s Systematics Symposium and meet with 
colleagues. Prof. Iwatsuki is the world’s leading 
authority on the ferns of East Asia and a co-author 
of treatments of Asian pteridophytes for the Flora 
of Thailand and the forthcoming Flora of Japan. He 
is collaborating on the Missouri Botanical Garden's 
Ce on ferns. At left, Prof. [watsuki (center) is 
shown meeting with Garden researchers (left to 
arity Ihsan Al-Shehbaz, Peter H. Raven, James L. 
Zarucchi, and William Tai. 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 1994 19. 


Barbara Addelson Is 
Appointed Manager 
of Science Outreach 


CLIFF WILLIS 


Barbara Addelson 


Barsara ADDELSON, who has 
been on the education staff at 
the Garden for over seven years, 
has been appointed to head 
Science Outreach for the E. 
Desmond Lee Family Education 
Program. The position was cre- 
ated by a generous gift by E. 
Desmond Lee and his family to 
fund science education pro- 
grams for underserved city 
schools. 

Ms. Addelson came to the 
Garden in 1987 as an instructor 
in the ECO-ACT program and 
was promoted to instructiona 
coordinator in 1990. She ad- 
ministered the ECO-ACT 
program, the magnet school pro- 
gram, and school partnership 
projects. She is well acquainted 
with the schools, principals, 
teachers, and school officials 
with whom she will be working 
in her new job. 

Ms. Addelson said, “In addi- 
tion to providing direct science 
instruction to elementary stu- 
dents, the generous support of 
the Lee family affords us a great 


forts and I believe we can have a 
very positive impact on science 
education in St. Louis.” 

As the manager of science 
outreach, Barbara will help to 


20. BULLETIN 


EDUC AT bON DEViStON “NEWS 


Garden Produces 
Third Educational 
Video Series 


The Epucation Division at the Garden has collaborated with 
Herb Halpern Productions to produce a third educational 
video series for elementary school classes. This series, called 
The Environment, includes six videos on environmenta 
concepts. Each program features a group of children as they 
try to solve a mystery. This format allows the videos to 
introduce important issues in environmental science in an 
entertaining and interesting way. The programs utilize a 
combination of live action and graphic sequences to help 
students understand important issues and concepts. 

The videos in The Environment series are: 


The Mystery of the Dead Fish — 
ajor Elements of the Environment 

The Case of the Mysterious Neighbor — 

Water: Resources and Pollution 
The Mystery of the Statue — 

Air: Resources and Pollution 
The Missing Ingredient — 

Endangered Biological Resources 
The Lost Book Report Caper — 

Waste Disposal: Nothing Ever Leaves the Planet 
The Power Puzzle — 

Energy and Environment 


The Garden’s two earlier sets of educational videos, also 
produced in collaboration with Herb Halpern Productions, 
have been extremely successful and are being used in more 
than 13,000 elementary schools across the United States. 

A set of six videos from any of the three MBG series is priced 
at $195.00, plus $7.50 shipping and handling. For informa- 
tion on purchasing any these video series, please call Herb 
Halpern Productions at (314) 968-1570 or 1-800-927-9229. 


HERB HALPERN PRODUCTIONS 


# 


“i 


— 


A scene from “The Missing Ingredient” 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


ADDELSON continued 


conceive, develop, and plan pro- 
grams that will improve the way 
science is taught in non-magnet 
elementary schools. She will co- 
ordinate training for teachers in 
utilizing hands-on learning ac- 
tivities and _ investigative 
approaches. She also will be 
responsible for seeking addi- 
tional funding to expand science 
outreach programs. 

“Barbara has demonstrated 
exceptional administrative, or- 
ganizational, and programmatic 
skills, and she will do an abso- 
lutely wonderful job as our 
science outreach manager,” said 
Dr. Larry DeBuhr, director of 
education at the Garden. 


Henry Shaw Academy 
Winter Classes 


The Garden’s Henry Shaw Acad- 
emy is for students ages 7 to 18 
who are interested in learning 
more about science and ecology. 
The classes and field programs 
for Fall 1994 and Winter 1995 
reflect the coming seasons and 
programs at the Garden. Call 
(314) 577-5135 for registration 
and more information. 


Ages 7 to 9: 


“Oh, Give me a Home...Tall 
Grass Prairie Ecology” 
October 8 

“Woodland Wanderings” 
October 15 

“Harvest! Preparing for 
Winter” November 12 

“Natural Wreathmaking” 
December 10 

“Orchids for Lunch” 
January 28 


Ages 10 to 12: 


“Water, Water Everywhere: 
Aquatic Ecology” October 1 

“River Ecology — The Fall 
Season on the River” 
October 15 

“Cave Ecology: The 
Underground World” 
November 19 

“Natural Wreathmaking” 
December 10 

“Wake up to Orchids — 
Orchid Ecology” January 28 


EDU A-TEGN 


an f 
“HABITAT HELPERS 
4 HaBlie RESTORATION 


N 


. rots : mn ee 
were busy on the prairie this fall. 


0 


Habitat sais 
Arboretum Cooks Up a New Pilot 
Program: “Habitat Helpers” 


How CAN YOU NURTURE a budding interest in natural history? How can you empower a 
child to do something about the growing ecological crisis? Try “Habitat Helpers”! 

Basic Ingredients: 

Twelve fifth grade students from the local Meramec R-III district 
Shaw Arboretum’s natural communities 

Seven weekend meeting times throughout the school year 
Arboretum education sta 

Directions: Start by mixing together the 12 students, using an overnight weekend at 
the Arboretum log cabins led by Arboretum education staff. Sprinkle with rain. Knead 
in activities that will make the students’ interest in the natural world rise. Stir up their 
desire to help improve the state of the environment. Add a project to restore some of 
Missouri’s native vegetation. Bake for one school year. Serves 12 students, their 
parents, the Arboretum, and possibly, future generations. 

As you can see, the Arboretum is really “cooking” with the new “Habitat Helpers” 
program. We, the Arboretum eduction staff, are very excited to be working with the 
same group of students for the full year. During the course of the year these students 
will learn, hands-on, the process of ecological restoration. The students will collect 
seeds from local native plants, process, stratify, plant in the greenhouse, prepare the 
site, and ultimately, plant these in a prairie site behind the log cabins. In the process 
they will also learn about seed dispersal, soils, plant and animal interrelationships and 
adaptations, and identification. A journal will be an ongoing means of documenting 
the plants’ progress as well as making natural history entries. 

With all the proper ingredients, plus some fun sprinkled in, we are hopeful that 
this new program will yield some kids who have more insights about the workings of 
the natural world and are inspired to save and rebuild their local environment. 

_— Miriam Krone, Arboretum Education Staff 


A cs 


rE On ant, 
. 


Garvey Foundation Supports Education for Seniors 


will be delivered to senior citizen centers 


The Edward Chase Garvey Memorial Foun- 
throughout St. Louis by specially trained 


dation has awarded the Garden $8,000 to 
volunteers. In addition, new slide programs 


expand educational programming for se- in ad i ra 
nior citizens. This grant will enable the on “Missouri Wildflowers and Medicinal 


ontinued above 
Garden to develop new outreach classes that — 


BULLETIN 


DIVISION NEWS 


GARVEY FOUNDATION continued 


Plants” will be developed and loaned to 
senior citizen centers. The Garden will also 
purchase portable transmitters for assistive 
listening devices to use in the eduction class- 
rooms in Ridgway Center. 

“This generous contribution by the Ed- 
ward Chase Garvey Memorial Foundation 
allows the Garden to move ahead with its 
plans for expanding senior citizen programs, 
and we are grateful to the Foundation for 
its support,” said Dr. Larry DeBuhr, direc- 
tor of education. 


Allium giganteum 


Sir Perer Smitners Gives 
PHOTOGRAPHS TO THE GARDEN — 

The world famous photographer Sir 
Peter Smithers has made a magnificent 
gift to the Garden of 12 photographs 
that he displayed at the Garden last 
November. Six of the large format color 
prints were given in memory 0 is 
mother-in-law, Mrs. Thomas M. Sayman 
of St. Louis, and six in honor of Dr. 
Peter H. Raven. All of the photographs 
were made in Sir Peter’s garden at Vico 
Morcote, Switzerland, where he has 
created a garden of more than 10,000 
species and cultivars. Sir Peter, who 
retired from a career in political and 
international service in 1970, is a self- 
taught photographer. He was born in 
1913 and educated at Harrow and 
Oxford. He is a former member of 
Parliament, a Chevalier de la Legion 
d’Honneur, and has received seven Gold 
Medals and the Grenfell Medal from the 
Royal Horticultural Society, in addition 
to many other honors. His photographs 
have been exhibited all over the world. 


collection,” said Dr. Peter H. Raven, 
director. “We are profoundly grateful to 
Sir Peter and Lady Smithers for their 
generosity to the Garden.” 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 Zl. 


Mens boOo ok sk LUM 


Eco-RESTORATION AT SHAW ARBORETUM 


N EW S 


Butterflies, Ants and Lizards Return to the Prairie 


Regal fritillary, Speyeria idalia 


woodland areas at the Arboretum are thriving showcases of native 


wildflowers, birds, and other species. 


Recently the staff began a new phase of restoration by intro- 
ducing threatened animal species to the Arboretum. New 
additions to the prairie include two dozen colonies of prairie 
mound ants, Formica montana, and 27 mated female regal 
fritillaries, Speyeria idalia. Both of these species are moderately 
abundant in the few, small areas where they remain in the wild 
but their survival is threatened as they are entirely restricted to 
unplowed remnants of original tallgrass prairie. 


ONE of the chief Local Extinction 
priorities at Shaw 
Arboretum is 
ecological restora- 
tion — bringin 
back the original 
balance of plants 
and animals that 
existed in natural 
areas before they 
were altered or 
damaged by 
agriculture, 
development, and 
introduced species. 
Today the prairie, 
wetland, and 


January Deer Hunt at the Arboretum 


THE SeEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 1994 Bulletin 
carried an article about the nationwide im- 
pact of North America’s burgeoning deer 
population on protected woodland areas. 
Convincing evidence of the negative impact 
of deer on prairie vegetation is continually 
brought to light at professional meetings 
and conferences. The damage resulting from 
deer populations is so high that nearby 
woodlands are no longer able to support 
them. 

Until recently, deer populations in this 
region have fluctuated from 5-15 per square 
mile. They were maintained at this level by 
the hunting activity of wolves, cougars and 
humans and by competition from other her- 
bivores, including the extinct passenger 
pigeon, which once numbered in the bil- 
lions and consumed much of the annual 
acorn crop. While the ecosystem can and 
does support higher deer levels, it does so at 
a cost: when deer fill more of the available 
habitat, there is less space for other crea- 
tures. 

Today, managers of natural areas are 
faced with a choice between allowing large 


52. 


numbers of deer to devour their habitat to 
the state of biological impoverishment, or 
managing deer at lower levels for the over- 


all health of the ecosystem. Managers whose 
natural a ie * ee 


I ge more 
serious than at Shaw Arboretum have been 
forced to drastically reduce deer herds. The 
Cook County forest preserves near Chicago, 
the University of Wisconsin Arboretum, and 
several of Missouri’s state parks closer to 
home are examples of areas forced to pur- 
sue significant reduction. At Shaw 
Arboretum, an effective way to remedy the 
deer overpopulation has been sought to keep 
the problem from reaching crisis propor- 
tions as it has in these other areas. 

As more and more land is developed, it 
has become vital that refuges such as parks, 
conservation areas and arboreta be man- 
aged properly to maintain the diversity they 
harbor. At Shaw Arboretum, this is even 
more important because the goal is not only 
to protect existing diversity, but to enhance 
the diversity of our old fields and second- 
growth woodlands through ecological 
restoration. A deer-free fenced zone pro- 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


Eastern collared lizards, 
Cro 


taphytus collaris 


The Eastern collared lizard, Crotaphytus collaris, is found from 
the southwestern United States to the Ozark glades of Missouri. 
Loss of habitat and collecting for the pet trade have led to 
extinction locally, and populations of the lizards have been 


reduced through- 
out their range. 
With the introduc- 
tion of seven adult 
lizards this past 
summer and more 
planned for next 
year, the staff hopes 
to establish a 
breeding popula- 
tion at the 
Arboretum. One 
immature lizard 
* _-was seen at the end 
of the summer, 
inidicating initial 


success. 
The ants and butterflies are expected to establish their 
populations without difficulty, but we will need to be vigilant to 
; protect the fledgling lizard colony. Unauthorized collecting of 
reptiles has been a threat to populations at the Arboretum in the 
past, as well as driving the lizards to extinction in the area. 


tects the horticultural collections of the Pin- 


rent deer population (monitored by annual 
helicopter surveys) is now around three 
times the historical level. The trained eye 
can easily detect damage to the plant com- 
munity, and this is especially noticeable in 
recent plantings such as the expansions of 
the prairie or the wetland. 

Careful consideration of deer population 
management options, including live-trap- 
ping and immunocontraception, has turned 
up no effective or humane alternative to 8 
managed hunt. Immunocontraception 
(birth control) is still in a research phase 
and not yet practicable on a free-roaming 
herd on large acreage such as the Shaw 
Arboretum, but the method is being studied 
as a possible future alternative to hunting. 
To avoid facing an even more serious deer 
problem and creating more damage to the 
ecosystem at the Arboretum, a hunt will 
occur January 7-8 and January 14-15, 1995. 

aw Arboretum will be closed those week- 
ends. 


AR Bash eo re hie 


AST YEAR the staff of the Arboretum found a number of 
stone spear points three to five inches long in a field on 
the eastern edge of the property. In December the site was 

examined by Joe Harl and Dennis Naglich of the Archaeological 
Research Center of St. Louis, who determined that the spear points 


ana 


zone, about eighteen inches beneath the 
surface. 


Ancient 
Artifacts 
of Native 
Americans 
Found 

at the 
Arboretum 


The student detectives excavated less 
than 1/2-inch of soil at a time, and all sedi- 
ment was passed through a fine wire screen 
to recover even the smallest ar- 
tifacts. ' 
with careful annotations of its 


Every find was saved, 


precise location and depth, It is 
the placement of the artifacts in 
relation to others that provides 
insight into the lives of past 
people. 

While no undisturbed re- 
mains such as house structures, 
storage pits, cooking hearths, or 
implements were found, the 
finds did indicate that the site 
was probably used as a hunting 
camp or a place where plants 
were gathered and processed 
before returning to the main 
A fragment 


Left: Students sifted 
the excavated soil 
through fine screens 
0 recover even the 
smallest artifacts. 


of a stone arrow tip of a type 
dating from 600 A.D. may indi- 
cate that the site was used repeatedly through time. More recent 
artifacts revealed that early European settlers also used the site 
Native Americans who first used the site probably came 
from one of the large villages recently identified just across the 
Meramec River to the south. The Meramec valley supported many 
Native American settlements in the past, and the archeologists are 
interested in exploring other potential sites at the Arboretum next 
summer. Displays in preparation for the Manor House at the 
Arboretum will feature the history of land use in the area, includ- 
ing the settlements of Native Americans. 


are of a type popular between 3,000 and 2,000 B.C., which was 
probably when the site was utilized. 

Few sites dating from this period have been investigated by 
professional archaeologists in Eastern central Missouri. This sum- 
mer a group of students from East Central College, under the 
direction of Joe Harl and Tim Baumann, conducted meticulous test 


excavations to determine the site’s condition. Most sites of 
archaeological interest in the Midwest have been destroyed by 
years of agriculture and erosion. Only occasionally is a site found 
where historic materials are still undisturbed below the plowing 


¥ } " 3 


BEHIND THE SCENES 
Bee Ne ee le Nanos 


ager for First Names First, Inc., of Orlando, 
she developed and supervised retail units at 
Six Flags Mid-America, Mall of America in 
Minneapolis, Sea World of Texas and Sea 
World of Ohio. She holds a B.A. in interna- 
tional trade and foreign language from 
Auburn University. 

Kim said, “I am delighted to be part ofan 
organization such as the Garden, whose 
mission encompasses both environmental 


Tuirty YEARS ON THE STAFF — The 
Garden honored Leonardo R. Mourre for 
30 years of service at a staff meeting on 
August 17, 1994. Mourre came to the 


Kimberlee Rainey Is New Manager 
of Garden Gate Shop 


KIMBERLEE RAINEY joined the staff in Sep- 
tember as manager of the Garden Gate Shop. 
She comes to the Garden with over seven 
years of retail experience with major corpo- 
rate organizations, including Anheuser- 
Busch and First Names First, Inc. 

Ms. Rainey began her retailing career as 
a buyer and then business analyst for Sea 
World of Florida, the Anheuser-Busch 
Theme Park in Orlando. Asa regional man- 


and civic services. I look forward to work- 
ing the the Garden staff and I hope our 
cooperative efforts and t e experience I bring 
to the Garden Gate Shop will further the 
mission of the Garden and exceed the ex- 
pectations of the members.” 

“We are pleased and proud to have 
Kimberlee at the Garden,” said Michael 
Olson, controller and director of Ridgway 
Center Operations. “Her experience and 
qualifications are outstanding, and we look 
forward to seeing the Garden Gate Shop 
develop under her guidance.” 


Garden in 1962 at the age of 38 from his 
native Ecuador. After a year’s leave of 
absence in 1963, he returned to the 
Garden in 1964 and has worked here 
ever since as a botanical illustrator and 
His beautiful drawings 


Orchid Flowers, Their Pollination and 
Evolution, by van der Pijl and Dodson. 
Leonardo is part of the Bryology 
Department, where he prepares over 
1,000 herbarium specimens each month. 
ae. 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 


N HONOR OF 


Mrs. Henrietta Ackerman 

Mrs. Benjamin Loe 

Mrs. Margery Baerwald 

Mrs. W. Weber 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester Bamberger 
Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 
Mrs. Lucille Beall 

Dr. and Mrs. M. Scott Beall Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Bierman 


Rey. and Mrs. Charles Grover 

Mr. and Mrs. Norman Carson 
Mr. and Mrs. Oliver Stohldrier 
Mr. Claude Cook 

Miss Elizabeth Goltermann 
Jocelyn Cooper 

Linda and Dick Sher 

Marie and Lloyd Crump 

Mr. and Mrs. John T. Loire 

Mr. and Mrs. Melvin A. Oelze 


Dr. and Mrs. James A. Willibrand 
Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Dubler 
Barbara Lowenbaum 

Mr. Aaron Fischer 

Mrs. Samuel D. Soule 

Mr. S. E. Freund 

Mr. and as: Whitney R. Harris 
Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth A. Marshall 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert N, Schulte 
Julie Gates and Randy Kindred 
Vivian and Toddy Becker 


Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Pass 
Mrs. Whitney R. Harris 
Bob and Susie Schulte 
Mrs. Marcus Hirsch 
Mr. Leon Bodenheimer 
Mildred and Richard Prager 
Mrs. Joseph F, Ruw itch 
Mrs, May Kou 
Mrs. Virginia R. Clark 

b 


Mrs. Marian Jeane Lewin 

Mr. Leon Bodenheimer 

Mr. and Mrs. Lester H. 
Lottmann 

Mrs. Louise K. Janis 

Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth G. Nickel 


24. BULLETIN 


Mr. and Mrs. Buddy Luepke 

Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Pass 

Megan Mange 

Mr. and Mrs. Jack D. Minner 

Mr. and Mrs. Julian Meyer 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. Ruprecht 

Jason Mu 

Mr. and Mrs. Rudyard K. Rapp 
tto 


Roberta and Mike Gutwein 
r. Willis Potthoff 
Mr. and Mrs. Paul A. Fischer 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Robertson 


Ellen and Henry Dubinsky 

Mrs. Thomas L. Rose 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. es 
Mr. and Mrs. Alan Ros: 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward F. rac 
Mrs. Joseph Rothber. 


Mrs. Melvin Feist 
Mr. and Mrs. Melvin S. Strassner 
Mrs. Jean S. Weinstock 
Mr. and Mrs. Bob Sasseen 
Mr. and Mrs. Joe Smoltz 
Mr. Nick Scharff 
Mr. and Mrs. Louis R. Putzel 
Itz 


Mr. and Mrs. Melroy B. Hutnick 
Mrs. Eli Seigel 

Margaret and Diane Hurwitz 

Dr. Bernd Silver 

Mr. and Mrs. Ronald E. M 

Mr. and Mrs. Morton Sina 


Mrs. Henry C. eigiorets » 

Jenny N. Strau 

Mr. and ie award Spiegel 
Mrs. Donald O. Schnu 


Dr. and Mrs. Lee Trachtenberg 
Mr. and Mrs. sags Becker 
Susan Tuteu 


Mr. and Mrs. Edward W. Garnholz 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


Mr. and Mrs. Robert Zacher 
Mr. and Mrs. Roy C. Postel 


IN MEMORY OF 


Mrs. Thelma Abrams 


Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling 
Mr. Ed Allina 

Mrs. Mary Jane Presberg 

Mr. Ralph E. Althaus 
Ernestine see 

J. Mar: 

Neahee: - Richard Barrett 


Carol and Charlie Berger 
Barbara McAfee Wohltman 
Mr. Tom Besi 


Mr. and Mrs. Carlon E. Faust Jr. 
Mrs. Julia Bissell 


Mies. PD: Bloc 


Patricia A. B 

Mrs. Dorothy Boxdorts 
Mrs. Betty A. M 

Marie dead 

Richard and i. Crowell 
Kenny Brom 

Mr. and Mrs. Dae aes 
Mrs. Ermyne Bro 

Mr. Bruce J. Glazier 


Barnie and Barbara McDonnald 
Glenna L. Chitwood 
P. D. George Compan 
Marleen, LeRoy, Norma Glazebrook 
and Family 
Mary Ann and Bill Kreutzman 
Melba G. Moran 
Bernice O. Morgan 
Twenty-Second Judicial Circuit of 
Missouri, Division No 
= Josephine Claiborne 
and Mrs. Donald P. Luning 
vo Betty Clark 
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh A. Hamilton 
Mrs. Kenneth B. Hannigan 


The Hartrich Family 

Audrey and Lloyd Schwartz 

Brother (Sonny) of Shirley 
Cohen 


Mr. Milton J. Canis 


nnolly 
rs. A. Lee Shapleigh II 
khil 


Mie and Mrs. Neal E. Stamm 


ell 
Mr. and Mrs, ie C. Barksdale 
Mrs. Robert W. Bart 


ie Jane Buffum 
r. and Mrs. William H. T. Bush 
ne Jean-Jacques Carnal 


Mr. and Mrs. arene! Collins Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Alexander M. 
meron 

and Mrs. Lee : Cremins Jr. 
ve ae Crone 
Mr. and Mrs. “ats Danforth Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. William L. sete 
Mr. and Mrs. John O. D 
John O. Dozier Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Ernest A. Eddy Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. George H. Erker 
Mr. and Mrs. Lucien R. Fouke Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Frazer Jr. 
Miss Mary Jane Fredrickson 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling 
Mrs. James H. Grove 
Nancy and Dick Gulick 
Mr. and Mrs. W. Davis Gunter 
Dr. and Mrs. Paul Hagemann 
The Hager Famil 
William and Margaret Heckman 
Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hitchcock 
Mr. and Mrs. George K. Hoblitzelle 
Lotsie and Rick Holton 
Mr. and Mrs. J. ee Horan 
- T. Frank James 

and Mrs. gue i Johnson 
ay Herbert N. Jon 
Mr. Robert McK. Jon 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert - Kresko 


illy 
Mr. and Mrs. Chases F. Limberg 
Mr. and Mrs. Roger Lord 
Mrs. John Mac 
Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Matthews Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. James F. Mauze 
Carolyn and Henry McCluney 
Mrs. Elizabeth McDonald 


Mr. and Mrs. Lee C. McKinley 

Connie and John McPheeters 

Mr. and Mrs. Hugh McPheeters 

Mrs. Eleanor J. Moore 

Mr. and Mrs. G. Dwight Moore 

Lynn D. Morgan 

r. and Mrs. Edward B. Mower 

r. and Mrs. William R. rhe ie 

r. George T. Pettu 

. and Mrs. wim Phe 

r. and Mrs. Thomas R. ‘een 

r. and ie aie R. Robinson 

r. and Mrs. Ernest T. Rouse 

r. and Mrs. Daniel L. Schlafly 

ea Russell Schlap 
and M = atliann G. Sedgwick 

a ae Sheldon 

Mr. and Mrs. John She 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert HL ice 

Mr. Sydney M. Shoenberg Jr. 

Mrs. George Watson Skinner 

Mary and Dick Snyder 


Mr. Elliot H. Stein 

Mrs. Frederick Swarts 

r. and Mrs. Thomas P. Taylor 

r. and Mrs. W. Todd bet Jr. 

.and Mrs. Jack E. Tho 

r. and Mrs. Charles L. eae Il 

r. and Mrs. Edmonstone F. 

Thompson 

fe Daniel Upthegrove 
Verdi M. Veeder 

aia and fot Wallace 


Mr. and Mrs. George P. Whitelaw Jr. 


Mrs zulin 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher Jr. 
Mother of Rick D 


Mrs. Callie Martin 


Mr. Roger Deichmann 
Ms. Lynn K. Silence 
Mrs. Mildred Deuits 
Jim and Patti Roman 


Dr. and Mrs. Mark Osborn 


Max Dreyfus 
Miss Jane Cohen 
Mr. William Henry Eigenrauch 
Mr. and Mrs. Gregory C. Poelker 
Mr. Gilbert Emde 


Mr. Elmer Enochs 
Mrs. Joan Corwin 
Mrs. Belva Etter 
The Frolo Family 
Mr. Aloys H. Faenger Sr. 
Joyce, Ernest Baker and Family 
Courine Brunner 
Miss Laura Faenger 
at, Don, John Govreau 
an arry Keit 


Mrs. Ro Lieder 


Reyco Industries, Inc. 

The Sherwood Family 

Mrs. Celeste Tomasso 

Union Electric Purchasing 
Department 


Mrs. Katherine F. Fanger 

Mrs. Helen A. Arbogast 

Mr. and Mrs. odie F. Boettcher Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Gary A. Fanger 

Mr. and wis. Ronald Fanger 

Mrs. Walter A. Gantner 

Mr. and Mrs. Jerome S. Jacobsmeyer 
The Miano Famil 

Dave, Debbie Russo and Family 
Patricia A. Scheffing 

Mr. Robert L. Smith Jr. 

The Studt Family 

Mr. Dan B. Field 

Mr. and Mrs. Roland G. Jonas 


Marilyn Adder 

Mr. and Mrs. Cale M. sot a Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. William E. Bar 

Mr. and Mrs. John H. hos im 


cham 
Dr. and Mrs. Stuart M. Mertz Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. Chester P. Schaum 
Mrs. Donald O. Schnuck 


Mrs. George Watson Skinner 
John and ore Skinner 


Mr. Robert E. Calleeias 
Mrs. Aileen H. orf 
Mr. John Goerner Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. € ir U 
Alfred Guidi 
Richard and Diana Deeba 
Mr. F. John Haberthier 
George and Marcella Bakker 
Lake St. Charles Retirement Center 
Fred and F ao ee Niere 
Mrs. Robert L. 

Hilda mabe is 
Webster Grove Garden ¢ “eo Group 7 
Mr. and Mrs. Clifton Hartley 
Mr. and Mrs. Louis my Greco 
Mr. William Logan Heckman 
Mr. and Mrs, Thomas W. White IV 
Harry J. Heimberger 
Mrs. E. Caress 
Virginia Heiter 
Mrs. J. Edgar Lumpkin 
Mrs. Mary Ellen Young 
Mr. Carl R. Helms 
Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr 
Mrs. Anna H. Hemminghaus 
Dr. and Mrs. August H. Homeyer 
sie C. Hertslet 


Imboden 


Jim and Peggy Smith 

Dr. Vencel Hollo 

Dr. and Mrs. Arthur E. Carlson 

Mrs. Robert H. Kittner 

Mrs. Richard Hopmann 

Mrs. Jane H. Johnson 

Douglas and Laurie Jung 

Mr. and Mrs. James Ponciroli 

Mrs. Roberta Hotz 

Mr. and Mrs. Terry Mosbacher 

Rose Society of Greater St. Louis 
s. Sheron Kennedy Isbister 


Mrs. Elmyra Johanning 
Mr. and Mrs. James R. Moore 
Rose Kahn 

Mrs. Lilly Ann Abraham 

Dr. and Mrs. Maurice J. Keller 
Mr. Walter L. Kaltwasser 
Ira and Lynn Dubinsky 

Mr. Sidney Kasper 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Johnson 
Mr. Elmer G. Kiefer 

Mr. and Mrs. Tom S. Eakin Jr. 
Mr. Louis Kittlaus 

Flora and Frank Bild 
Marcella Klockenbrink 
Mr. Larry Badler 


BULLETIN 


NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


Maxine E. Knox 

Marcia, Alan, Nathan Ritter 
Mrs. Elise Knudsen 

Alfred Roehm Family 

Mrs. Esther Koc 

Ms. Christine E, Magafas 
Eileen Krabbe 

Lynn Krabbe 

Max mer 

Mr, and Mrs, Whitney R. Harris 
Mr. Robert ( weal 

Mr. and Mrs, Willia 

Mr. and Mrs Philip v von has oul 
Dr. Ra Ww 

Dr. and Mrs. James P. Wehner 
Mildred Schulte Langenohl 
Mr. Jon Hogan 

Mrs, Barbara B. Koehler 

Ms. Cari Ray 


z 
Mr. and Mrs. Hal Day 
Leone Eliza = Lawrence 
Beverly Lawrer 
Sister of Mrs. . William Leistritz 
Mr. Milton J, Canis 
M n 


M. LeResche 
Mrs. Pauline Pitzman Eades 
Mr. Sam Levin 


Mr. and Mrs. Al 5. Loeb 
Mrs. Grace Liming 
Jeanne and Bill Kerwin 
Elmer Lindecker 

Mr. and Mrs, J. R. Gannaway 
Ms. Doris Lobde 


Webster Groves Women's Garden 


Mr. and Mrs. Paul Thiel 

Father of Mr. and Mrs. Barry 
Mandel 

Cookie and Ted Golde 

Brother of Paul Marshall 


Mr. Charles I. Rose 

M nsden S. McCandless 

Mr. and Mrs. Alexander M 
Cornwell Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling 


3 


Mr. and Mrs. Edmonstone F 
Thompson 

Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher Jr 

Mr. Guy 

Mr. and Mrs. William Barnard 

Mr. J. Glennon McKenna 


Mr. Clarence Meyer 

Mrs. Marie K. Grzesiowski 

Mrs. Pieter de Mol 

Mr. and Mrs. Peter Bakker-Arkema 


continued on next page 


va 


continued on next page 


continued 


Mr. Paul Morgan 
or Society of Greater St. Louis 
Charles Morris 
Willow Creek Women’ s Club 
Se 


Mrs. John Long 

Mrs. Louis Visconti 

Dr. Frede Mortenson 

Miss Grace Weber 

Mrs. W. Web 

Father of ‘ire. Robert Mudd 


Mr. and Mrs. James W. Skinner 
Mrs. Irma ieee Ohlendorf 
Ms. Leona P. Aber 

Mrs. nee sonra a 


Jerry, Arlene Spector and Family 
Madame Qian, Mother of 


Mr. and Mrs. Chi Martin Chen 
Ms. Peggy Che 

Dr. and Mrs. re -pei oe 
Mr. Hin Phet Cheu 


. and Mrs. Hsin Nan Chou 
Katherine Cochrane and Joel 
Glassman 


Mrs. Mary An nn Dryden 
Mr. and oe Charles Ho 
Mr. F. Y 


= Nasyen T. Ho 


: ats ro Ta-chung Hsia 

Mr. and Mrs. Beec chy Hu 

Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Warren Huang 
Mr. Eric fies 


Dr. and Mrs. Tony Huang 
Mr. and Mrs. Mike Klenc 
Ms. Ellen aig 


r. and Mrs. Yuen- -Lung L. Sing 
Mr. and Mrs. Kung Chung Soung 
Dr. and Mrs. — Spector 
Dr. Ching-ling T 
Dr. and Mrs. William Tai 
Mr. and Mrs. George Tsai 


Mr. and Mrs. William Tung 
Mr. Fred J. Vasel 

Mr. and Mrs. Edward Wang 
Matt and Sean Winter 

Mr. and Mrs. David Yn 

Mr. Duc On Yn and Friends 
Ms. Juliana Yuan 

Mr. and Mrs. Francis Yueh 


Mr. and Mrs. George K. Hoblitzelle 
1 


Mr. and Mrs. Henry T. Putz 

Mrs. Agnes Roble 

Betty and Jonathan Burstyn 
s Rose 


Mr. Jack Jacobi 

Leonard Schaffer 

Mr. and Mrs. John J. Meyer 
Edward Schmude 

Copper Exchange Company 

Mr. Dennis Se: 

Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Ben 

Mr. Arthur B. Schnetthorst Jr. 
Carol and John Fe 


Mr. and Mrs. Richard B, Snyder 
Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Stern 
cullin 


Mr. and Mrs. Martin Lammert IV 
Sieve 


Mrs. Ma 
Mr. and Mrs. Donald R. Hemmer 
= © Singer 


Mr. and Mrs. Joseph L. Tucker 
Mr. Charles D. Smith 


Mrs. Virginia Harbison 

Delphia Schneider Sozansky 

Mr. Bill Sozan 

Mrs. Mary Sark 

Dr. and Mrs. George C. Giessing 

Mrs. Te Sylvia Kaplan 
Ste 


Ftadss in Department of oe 
Microbiology—Washin 
niversity 


, Un 
au. BULLETIN NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 1994 


Mrs. Grace K. Steiner 
Miss Mary Jane oo 
oe Stern 

and Mrs. Edvac — 
eh Rolla W. S 
Mr. and Mrs. ee 2) eat 
Mr. and Mrs. John K. Streett Jr. 
Mr. Bud Styles 
Ms. Irene Hasegawa 
Mrs. Evelyn F. Swanson 
Dr. and Mrs. Marshall B. Conrad 
Mrs. Kenneth W. Grattendick 
Margaret Swick 
Elizabeth Biddick 
Laverne Rudolph 


Mr. and Mrs. Henry F. Luepke Jr. 
Miss Eleanor Stude 
Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Tessler 


Mr. and Mrs. eee K. Rapp 
Mr. Otway W. Rash II 

Mr. and Mts. David . Wilson 
The tribute above was listed 


tly 
in the last issue. We regret the error. 
mert 


Mrs. Mary Bartow Lamm. 
Tobin 


Mrs. Joseph H. Bascom 
Dr. and Mrs. James T. Chamness 


Lisa D. Cronewe 

Mr. and Mrs. pee ee Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. John 

John O. sie aig 

Mr. and Mrs. dient Eddy Jr. 
Carol and John 

Mr. and Mrs. pk : pens 
The Grauel Famil 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert T. Hensley Jr. 
Mr. and Mrs. George K. Hoblitzelle 
Mrs. Stella B. Houghton 


Mr. and Mrs. Edwin S. Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Limberg 

Mrs. James S. McDonnell 

Mr. and Mrs. D a D. Metcalfe Jr. 
Lynn D. Mor 

Mr. and Mrs, ae B. Mower Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orthwein Jr, 

Mr. and Mrs. William Schock 

Mr. and Mrs. John Shepley 

Harriot and Parker Smith 

Mr. and Mrs. Edmonstone F. 
Thompson 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas W. White IV 

Mr. and Mrs. George P. Whitelaw Jr. 

Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher Jr, 

Dr. Ross M. Trump 

Dr. and Mrs. Arthur E. Carlson 

Mrs. T. C. Tupper 

Mrs. Charles P. Pettus Jr. 

Mrs. Ludmila Vanek 

Ed Decker 

Mary Petersen 

Mrs. Marian Voelker 


Mr. Bill Y. Oshima 

Mark Wade 

Margaret A. Wayne 

Mr. John S. Wagner 
Mr. and Mrs. John E. Angst 


Mr. and Mrs. Geoffrey A. Brown 
James and Betty Brown 
Mr. and Mrs. John Y. Brown Jr. 


t 
Clayton Investment sla 
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas R. Cale 


Mr. and Mrs. J. Carr Gamble Jr. 


Marjorie Hawkins Hankins 

Mr. and Mrs. Harry J. Hippenmeyer 
Mr. and Mrs. George K. Hoblitzelle 
Jo and Ellen Horan 


and Mrs. Peter B. Krombach 
nm and Mrs. Charles F. Limberg 
and Mrs. Roger E. Lord Jr 
Ela McDona 
Mrs. Richard W. Mellow Jr. 


ou 
Mr. and Mrs. Daniel L. Schitatly 


Mr. Robert F. Schlafl 


Dr. and Mrs. John S. Skinner 
Mrs. Audrey F. Smith 

Harriot and Parker Smith 

Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink 

Mr. and Mrs. Doug Stuhlmann 
The Ladue Shop 


Mr. and Mrs. Frank A. Thompson Jr. 


Mr. and Mrs. Gupton Vogt 

Mrs. Valentia W. Wagner 

Mrs. Warren C. Bruce 

Mr. and Mrs. John K. 
Wallace Sr. 

Mr. and Mrs. John J. Cole 

Mrs. Margaret How Wallace 

Advanced Nursing Services of 


Mr. and Mrs. William L. Blanchard 
Mrs. Donald N. Brandin 

Mr. and Mrs. William H. T. Bush 
Mr. and Mrs. Robert C. Byrne Jr. 
Central Bancompany 

Dr. and Mrs. James T. Chamness 
Parker and Margot Condie 

Mr. and Mrs. Donald Danforth Jr. 
Dr. and Mrs. William H. Danforth 
Mr. and Mrs. Adalbert K. Dietz 


Mr. and Mrs. Quintus L. Drennan Jr. 


Joseph D. Dubuque 
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Goessling 
Mr. and Mrs. Hord Hardin II 


Mr. and Mrs. William G. Heckman 


n 

Frances D’Oyly Hughes 

Mr. and Mrs. Edwin S. Jones 

Mr. and Mrs. Roger E. Lord Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. John P. MacCarthy 

Dr. and Mrs. William Margaretten 

Mr. and Mrs. James S$. McDonnell III 
Kinley 


Mr. and Mrs. John B. McKinney 

Mr. and Mrs. David D. Metcalfe Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Jefferson L. Miller 

Mrs. Eleanor J. Moore 

Mr. and Mrs. Reuben M. Morriss III 

Mrs. Audrey W. Otto 

Mr. and Mrs. Alan Pesky 

Mr. Roy Pfautch 

Mr. Walter Schaumburg Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Scott Ill 

Mr. and Mrs. John J. Shillington Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Brice R. Smith Jr. 

Mr. and Mrs. Tom K. Smith Jr. 

Mrs. C. C. Johnson Spink 

The Guaranty Trust Co. of Missouri 

Mrs. Ann Whittemore 

Mr. and Mrs. Randolph C. 
Wohltman 

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Patrick 


Wolfner 
Mr. Milford Ward 


Mrs. George H. Hall 


Brother of Mr. and Mrs. M. 
einga 

Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Frank 

Mrs. Patsy Weintraub 

Mr. and Mrs. Harry E. Hammer 

Patsy Weisman 

Mr. Daniel J. Edelman 

Mr. Ray E. White Jr. 

Miss Mary Jane Fredrickson 

Mrs. Helen Wight 

Mrs. Martha N. Simmons 

Mr. Charles J. Wilmot 

Mr. and Mrs. Tom Johnson, 
Michael and Sara 

Miss Ann Wilso 

Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon B. Korklan 

Mrs. George Wilson 

Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. LaMear 

Mrs. Irene Wilson 

Christine and Marty Berra 

Mrs. Fern Windsor 

Mr. and Mrs. August H. Lamack 

Elizabeth Patterson Wingert 

Mr. and Mrs. Edsel A. Venus 


Mrs. Ho 

Delmar Garden Club 
International Institute, 
Education Department 
Mrs. Paul C. Langenbach 
Claire L. Moore 

Mr. and Mrs. Ralph N. Pipe 


Dr. . Thoma 
Mr. Jack E. Thomas, Jr. 
Dr. Blanche Touhill 
The Hon. George R. Westfall 
Mr. O. Sage Wightman II 


STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP MANAGEMENT AND CIRCULATION (Required by 39 U.S.C. 3685) 1. 
Title of publication: BULLETIN. Publication No. 0026-6507. 2. Date of filing: September 28, 1994. 3. 
Six times a year, bi-monthly in January, March, May, July, September and November. 4. Location of known 
office of publication: 2345 Tower Grove Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63166. 6. Names and complete addresses 
of publisher and editor are: Publisher--Board of Trustees, Missouri B ical Garden, PO.Box 299, St. 

6 


mail at special rates (section 432.12DMM) ae 
printed. Average no. copies each issue during preceding 12 months 31,917. Actual no. copies of sing e 
issue published nearest to filing date 32,000. Paid circulation: 1. Sales through dealers and carriers, street 
_ copies each issue during preceding 12 months. - 0 -. Actual no. 


vendors and counter sales. Average no 
i no. copies each issue 


copies of single issue published nearest to filing date. -0-. Mai subscription: Average no. 
during preceding 12 months. -0-. Actual no. copies of single issue published nearest to filing date. 0-. Gi 
Total paid circulation: Average no. copies each issue during preceding 12 months. -0-. Actual no. copies 0 
single issue published nearest to filing date. -O-. D. Free distribution: Average no. copies each issue 
6. Actual no. copies of single issue published nearest to filing date. : 
i i i i i ing 12 months. 

.stribution Outside the Mail: Average no. copies each issue during preceding 
30,223. E. Free Distribution Outsi g “gation epee Der 
Avera ies each issue during preceding 12 months. 30,765. Actual no. copies of single issue 


preceding 12 months. 30, 
H. Copi t 


each issue during preceding 12 months. 1,152. Actual n : 
07. 1. Total: Average no. copies each issue during preceding 12 mont 

of single issue published nearest to filing date, 32,000. I certi men 

ee and pr (signed) Susan W. Caine, Editor and Manager of Publications. 


Mrs. Fred A. Oberheide 
R. Orth 


Mr. William 


wein, Jr. 
Pi 


Mrs. 
Mr. Harry E. Wuertenbaecher, Jr. 


Honorary TRUSTEES 


Prof. Philippe Morat 
Dr. Robert Ornduff 


Director 
Dr. Peter H. Raven 


EMBERS’ Bo. 


M ARD 
Mrs. Robert P. Tschudy, President 
Mrs. Stephen F. en, Jr 


Martin E. Jaffe 


Mrs. Robert Trulaske 


BULLETIN NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 1994 27. 


&) recycled paper 
Inside Oisevind a 


Second Annual 


This Issue 


De 


eee §=CarolsInthe-Garden 


BUILDING IS DEDICATED 


The Shoenberg Family is honored for 


their gifts to the Garden. A Winter Night’ Celebration 
~ Featuring the Tower Grove House Candlelight Tow 


* @ 


FLORA OF CHINA PUBLISHED 


Tuesday & Wednesday 


Years of effort pay off as the first vol- 


ume of a landmark project is published. ) December! 6 & i 1994 
ot 5 to 9 p.m. 
BOTANICAL = MAGNET The sounds of holiday Music fill the air as catolets roam the Garden and 
SCHOOL IS GROWING revelers make their way al@mg candlelit paths fetfower Grove House, where 

In Ree year, the Mullanphy ILC they are welcomed by Hemty Shaw. Within, Phaw’s histori¢ Fountry home 
has expanded its enrollment and is richly decorated irfall its finery for a real Wieterian Christmas top 
opened new facilities. filled-with softandlelight and warmed by Holiday cheer. Santa Claus 
will be omhand at Spink PavilionAéo greet young visitors with 

1 0. goOdiesand.treats. Featured entertafnment includes 

YOU & THE ENVIRONMENT the popular voéal group “Pieces of 8. 


Admission t6 the Festival only: 
$4 for mefhbersand seniors. 
$6 forommembers, 
$2.50 for children age 12 and und€r. 
1 > Candlelight Towf: Additfémaltickts are required for the 
Tower Grove House Gandlelight Tour: $9 per person, 
HOME GARDENING 


Updating MBG projects, plus a new 
garden at EarthWays House. 


What to do with your tree when the Admission is by paid res®xyation or prevent ticket purchase only. 
holidays are over. Tickets will be available beginning November 1, 1994 at the 
Ridgway Center Ticket Counter, or phone (314) 577-5125 for reservations. 
14. 


A NEW HOLIDAY TRADITION 
CALENDAR OF EVENTS 
eS Re ea eset EE aes 
Holiday excitement at the Garden. ae 
16. Missouri Botanical Garden BULLETIN (ISSN 0026-6507) SECOND CLASS 


Post Office Box 299 
ae St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299 
Special events and acknowledgements. 


18. 


EDUCATION DIVISION NEWS 


____NEWS OF THE MEMBERS POSTAGE 


PAID 
AT ST. LOUIS, MO 


Habitat Helpers, new videos, and more. 
. 
24. 
TRIBUTES 


Family and friends are honored with a 
gift to the Garden. 


wee