Curtis's botanical magazine.

CURTIS’S
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;

OR

Flower Garden Displayed:

in which the most Ornamental Forzren Puants cultivated in the Open Ground,
the Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented and coloured.
To which are added,
THEIR NAMES, CLASS, ORDER, GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS,
ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OF LINNZUS;
Their Places of Growth, Times of Flowering, and most approved
Methods of Culture.

CONDUCTED

By SAMUEL CURTIS, F. L. S.

THE DESCRIPTIONS

By WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, L. L. D.

F.R. A.and L, S. and Regius Professor of Botany in the University
of Glasgow.

4 29 $6 —
VOL. IV. 8 pee i

3O 3§
OF THE NEW BARRIS;
Or Vol. tvi1. of the whole Work,

“See, Mary, what beauties I bring,
From the shelter of that sunny shed,
Where the flowers have the charms of the spring,
Though, abroad, they are withered and dead.”

LONDON :
Printed by Edward Couchman, 10, Throgmorton Street 5
FOR THE PROPRIETOR, SAMUEL CURTIS,

AT THE
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE WAREHOUSE, GLAZENWOOD, NEAR COGGESHALL, ESSEX :
Also by Sherwood, Gilbert, & Piper, 23, Paternoster Row; J. & A. Arch, Cornhill; Treuttel & Wurtz,
Soho Square; Blackwood, Edinburgh; and in Holland, of Mr, Gt. Eldering, Florist, at Haarlem =
Ani to be had of alt Booksellers in Town and Country»

1830.

TO

JOSEPH SABINE, Eso. F.R.S. L.S. &c. &c. |

THE ABLE AND DISINTERESTED
SECRETARY

OF THE

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF LONDON,
WHO HAS LABOURED WITH THE MOST UNWEARIED ZEAL,
BOTH THERE, AND IN HIS PRIVATE CAPACITY,

FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF

BOTANY AND HORTICULTURE,
THE PRESENT VOLUME
IS INSCRIBED,
IN TESTIMONY OF HIS

UNFEIGNED REGARD AND ESTEEM, BY

THE AUTHOR.

DecemBer |, 1829.

2956

WHHdel? s 5 TR . ; :
, by S Curtis Walworth: Nov! 11é. ™ Swan

( 2956 )
NEOTTIA? GRANDIFLORA. LARGE-FLOWERED
NEOTTIA.
Class and Order.

GynanprtA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord. — Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

Cor. ringens: petalis exterioribus anticis labello imberbi
suppositis ; interioribus conniventibus. Columna aptera.
Pollen farinaceum.

Specific Character.

Neorrra * ? grandiflora; labello oblongo medié lamellato,
apice petalisque duobus inferioribus papillosis, petalo
superiore oblongo integro, reliquis sinuato-crispatis.

Descr. Terrestrial. Stem a foot high, clothed with
many linear, oblong, acuminated, reflexed, glaucous, shin-
ing, and striated leaves, whose bases are sheathing, and
their extremities tipped with brown; these leaves become
smaller upward, and gradually change into lanceolate
bractee. Flowers few, (three) in a terminal spike, very
large and singular in their appearance. The petals or seg-
ments of the perianth all of a greenish colour, beautifully
striated with a deeper line, their extremities and margins
white. Upper Segment erect, oblong, obtuse, two inches
long, the margin entire and even; the two interior ones are
a little shorter, obovate, sinuated and plaited at the margin,
the two lateral, or rather lowermost ones three inches long,
spathulate, of a bluer green in the inside, the broad extre- _

mity

* From worria, or rnoccie, a bird's nest; so called from a peculiarity in
the roots of some species.

mity remarkably plaited at the margin, while its surface is
studded with many roundish or linear white papille, tipped
with green. The Labellum is scarcely so long as these,
reflexed, broadly oblong, the sides curved upwards, waved
and plaited, especially at the extremity, where the surface
is papillose as in the petals just described ; at the base it is
suddenly contracted into a short, white claw, having an
orange spot at the base, and the inner surface for more than
half the length is, in the middle, furnished with about six,
vertical, green plates or lamella, of which the extremities
are free, sharp, and curved a little upwards. Germen an-
gular, thickened upwards. Column linear, oblong, decury-
ed, semicylindraceous, within orange-coloured, marked with
two depressed longitudinal lines, the base dilated, deep —
red, and marked with a tooth on each side: upwards in
front is the subquadrate, depressed, green, stigma, termi-
nated by a short bifid lip: the back of the column is green,
and within the summit of it, which forms an imperfect upper
lip, is situated the ovato-acuminate, green anther -case.
Cells two, yellow, opening with a longitudinal fissure,
and containing each two linear-acuminate, curved Pollen-
Masses, yellow, and farinaceous indeed on the outside, but
within, evidently formed of elastically cohering granules.

The Orchideous plants, formerly scarcely known in a
state of cultivation, may now rank with the most numerous,
and certainly the most curious and beautiful, of any tribes
which adorn our stoves ; arid among those not parasitic,
whose roots are imbedded in the ground, may assuredly be
reckoned the kind now before us, which was sent to our
Glasgow Garden by the Rev. Lanspown Guitpine, and
blossomed in the stove of the spring of 1829. The upper-
most flower scarcely came to perfection, and I have reason
to believe, that another year will witness the plant in a
greater state of beanty and magnitude than it exhibited
this year. With regard to the Genus, it agrees with the
essential character of Neorrta, as it is at present defined
by Mr. Brown; but the habit of the plant and the par-
ticular structure of its floral coverings are so much at
variance with what we know of the rest of the N EOTTIE,
that it will probably constitute a distinct Genus.

Fig. 1. Labellum, nat. size, 2. Back view of the summit of the Column.

3. Front view of the entire Column. 4. Anther- ye
MasSes. 7. Papille.—Muagnified. pra ee Se Pelle

Lub by S. Curtis Walworit, Nov] £29. wa

HS adel?

( 2957)

HIARENARIA LoNGIcaupa. Lone-TaiLep
HIABENARIA. ’

Class and Order.

GynanpriA MonanpRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Cor. ringens. Labellum basi subtus calcaratum. Glan-
dule pollinis nude distinct (loculis pedicellorum adnatis
v. solutis distinctis). Br.

Specific Character.

Hasenarra longicauda ; labello profundo - trifido, laciniis

~ setaceis, lateralibus petalorum interiorum bipartitorum
longis incurvis, intermedio latiore breviore, cornu fili-
formi pedicellisque longissimis.

Descr. Root? Stem a foot and a half to two and even
three feet high, every where clothed with the Jong sheath-
ing bases of the leaves. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate,
striated, four to five inches long, gradually smaller upward,
and passing into the bractee. Bractee \anceolate, much
shorter than the germens. Flowers in a large, terminal,
lax, raceme. Flowers large, greenish white. Three outer
petals, or segments of the perianth, three quarters of an
inch long, ovate, acuminate, the two lateral ones reflexed,
nerveless, the upper one erect, concave, three-nerved, cover-
-ing the anther. Two inner ones bipartite, their segments
setaceous, curved, long, the upper one, however, the shortest,
and concealed within the upper and outermost petal. Lip
deeply trifid, that is cut below the middle into three seta-
ceous segments, of which, the two lateral ones are much the
longest, not spreading, but nearly parallel with the ages

one, curved upwards: intermediate one broader, hanging
down : at the base, on the upper side, are no fleshy tuber-
cles as in H. macroceras : from the base below depends a
filiform cylindrical, or towards the extremity, slightly
compressed spur, more than a span long. Anther erect,
scarcely bifid: its two cells projecting at the base into two
horn-like, fleshy processes, pointing upwards: (or these
may perhaps be considered as belonging to the column: )
below these, on each side, is a projecting, fleshy, clavate
body, glandular on the outside, and at the extremity ; the
two abortive anthers. Germen oblongo-cylindrical, striated,
twisted, tapering into a long pedicel. Fruit: a capsule
two inches long, ribbed, crowned with the three outer,
withered segments of the perianth.

Mr. Parker gathered this most interesting plant in
Demerara, and though we have not the good fortune to
possess it in a living state, I do not despair of seeing it ere
long cultivated in our stoves: and few plants can be more
worthy the attention of the Horticulturist. In the mean
time, I am anxious to figure such portions of the plant as
may give a correct idea of its leaves and flowers, which I
am able to do by means of specimens given me by Mr.
Parker, both in a dry state and preserved in spirits. The
whole of the figures here given are of the natural size.

Fig. 1. Portion of the Stem with a Leaf. 2. Single Flower. 3.3. 3.
The three Outer Petals. 4.4. The two Inner Petals. 5. Front view of the
Anther and Lip. 6. Side view of the Anther and Lip, with a portion of the

Germen, and of the Spur. 7. One half of the Column and Anther seen from
within. 8. Capsule.—All of the nut. size.

Nore. The author of the Botanical Register,
under tab. 1290, seems to be of opinion, that the n
to have the preference to that of Srannorea. (See Botanical Magazine, tab.
2948-9.) But in this he is quite mistaken. Common justice requires me to
state, that ne character, whatever, has been given of the former Genus, nor any
peculiarities mentioned or figured, as belonging to it, which could possibly
enable me to distinguish it from other Orchideous Genera : (see Loppicss’.
Botanical Cabinet, t. 1414.) In short, it is only a MSS. name of Mr. Linv-

wey. Had it been otherwise, or had there been any means of identifying

Srannopea with Cerarocurius, I would most cheerfully have acknowledged
its prior claims.

(see December Number)
ame CeraTocui.us ought

U1 Edel? Lub by § CurtisWalworthdan? 11830 Swan st

( 2958 )

MoNARDA MENTHEFOLIA. MINT-LEAVED
- MonarDaA.

Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeynia.
— ( Nat. Ord. — Lazrarz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubulosus, dentatus. Cor. ringens: labio superiore
lineari, filamenta involvente. Semina 4. :

Specific Character and Synonym.

Monarva* menthefolia ; caule piloso, foliis cordatis acu-
minatis serratis undique pilosis breviter petiolatis, flo-
ribus capitatis, involucris herbaceis venis purpureis.

Monarpa menthefolia. Graham Descr. Rare Pl. in Edin.
Phil. Journ. 1829, p. 347.

Descr. Stem erect, tetragonous, purple, thickly covered
with white pubescence. Leaves (an inch and a halflong,
ten and a half lines broad) spreading, decussated, on short
petioles, cordate, acute, pale green, pubescent on both
sides, especially below, acutely serrated, strongly veined,
the uppermost pair closely embracing the. capitulum, and
having immediately within them four bracteas, two on each
side, similar to themselves, but rather softer, of paler green,
with red veins; within these, and surrounding the capi-
tulum, are many unequal, subulate, ciliated, green bracteas.
Flowers in a dense, terminal capitulum. Calyx tubular,
slightly curved, nerved, smooth, except at the base . a :

‘

—__—— ~ : : —_

* Named in compliment to Nicwonas Monarpez, a Spanish Botanist of
the 16th century.

teeth, where there is a whorl of spreading hairs: teeth
short, acute, equal. Corolla lilac: tube clavate, curved,
very slender, colourless, and smooth at its origin, every-
where else on the outside covered with short, dense tomen-
tum, smooth within; upper lip straight, subulate, lower
lip three-lobed, the central lobe the longest, linear, narrow,
inflected, and cleft, the two lateral rounded, with erect
edges, Stamens as long as the style, smooth; anthers
transverse, flat, their upper edge deep purple, closely applied
to each other, and embracing the stigma ; filaments and
. style of the same color with the corolla. Stigma unequally
bilobed. Germen four-lobed, erect, yellow, small. Per-
fume of the whole plant resembling Mint.

The species of Monarpa are certainly in great confusion,
and it is not without some hesitation that I have ventured
to describe this as new ; though there is none described, or
in cultivation, which I can satisfy myself as being the same:
It is nearly allied to M. oblongata, but is distinguished from
it by the much more hairy stem, the harsher and less acu-
minated leaves, and shorter petioles. It was raised in the
Edinburgh Botanic Garden, and in the garden of Mr.
Nett, of Canonmills, from seeds collected by Mr. Drum-
mMonD, between. Norway House and Canada, and flowered
freely in August. When very luxuriant in cultivation, the:
stem is ascending and less hairy, and very rarely it is con-
tinued through the capitulum. Even the native specimens
vary in the degree of hairiness and the number and depth of
the serratures mm the leaves, which also differ in their breadth
at the base, and are more or less elongated. The appear-
ance of the less vigorous cultivated plants exactl y resem-

bles the few which are in Mr. Drummonp’s Herbarium.
GRAHAM.

Fig. 1, Calyx. 2, Corolla.— Magnified.

2959

WIH del?

Lub, by 3 Curtis Walworth: Jan® 150 Swany 50

( 2959 )

SAXIFRAGA LEUCANTHEMIFOLIA. OX-EYE-
LEAVED SAXIFRAGE.

KKK KKK KEE EE KEE EE EE
Class and Order.

DecanpriA DieyniA.
( Nat. Ord.—Saxirracez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-fidus, inferus, vel superus, vel semisuperus, per-
sistens. Pet. 5. Capsula birostris, intra rostra dehiscens,
polysperma, dissepimento placentifero, seminifero. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Saxrrraca* leucanthemifolia ; foliis fere omnibus radica-
libus cuneato-oblongis grosse serratis, scapo ramosis-
simo divaricato, petalis inequalibus tribus petiolatis
bipunctatis.

Saxtrraca leucanthemifolia. Mich. Bor. Am. v. 1. p. 268.
“ Lapeyr. Saxifr. t.25. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. v. 1. p.
311. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 362.

Saxirraca Clusii. “ Gouan, Illustr. p. 28.

Saxirraca ferruginea. Graham in Ed. Phil. Journ. July,
1828, p. 348.

Descr. Root fibrous, perennial. Leaves almost entirely
radical, spreading on the ground, one to two inches long,
obovato-cuneate, obscurely nerved, deeply and coarsely
serrated at the margin, at the base attenuated and entire.
Scapes, several from the same root, and from the centre of

the expanded leaves, erect, a span high, panicled from
much

* From saxcum, a stone, and frango, to break: because by their roots
penetrating into the crevices of rocks and stones they appear to break them :
or as some say, in allusion to the supposed medicinal qualities.

much below the middle, with numerous slender, red, glan-
dular, extremely divaricated branches, each terminated with
a single flower. At the base of the primary branches are
small, linear bractee, larger and leafy in the lower part of
the panicle. Calyx of five leaves, bent back so as to lie
against the pedicel. Stamens: five become perfect before
the other five: Filaments slender, white: anthers orange-
colour, subglobose. Petals five, white; three upper ones
the largest, exactly ovate, contracted at the base into a dis-
tinct pedicel or claw, and having each two roundish, yellow
spots. T'wo lower petals oblong, narrower at the base, spot-
less. Pistil: Germen oblong, cleft into two, nearly erect
styles, superior. The Calyx and Stamens persist long after
the petals have fallen away. |

Nothing can appear more elegant than the flowers of this
little-known Saxrrrace, when seen under a small power of
the microscope, as represented at fig. 1. They have a
considerable similarity to those of S. stellaris: near which
the species ranks.

Our plants, from which the figures were taken, were
raised in the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, from seeds which
Dr. Granam received from the Rocky Mountains of North
America, where they had been gathered by Mr. Drummonp.
The blossoms were in perfection in June, being produced
upon plants, in pots, indeed, but in the open air.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil— Magnified.

2960

“ iD

Jan? LLb58

ip
Luriis KalucPn

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ZB ,
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——
Pub br fu

( 2960 )
DESMODIUM DUBIUM. Dovustrut DEsmMopIuM.

Class and Order.

Diapetpea1A Decanpria.
( Nat, Ord. —Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. basi bibracteolatus, ad medium obscure bilabiatus,
labio superiore bifido, inferiore 3-partito. Cor. papilio-
nacea, vexillo subrotundo, carina obtusa non truncata, alis
carina longioribus. Stam. diadelpha (9 et 1) filamentis
subpersistentibus. Legumen constans articulis plurimis ad
maturitatem secedentibus, compressis, monospermis, mem-
branaceis coriaceisve, non aut vix dehiscentibus. D C.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Desmopium* dubium; foliis trifoliatis, foliolis obovatis sub-
retusis mucronulatis pubescenti-pilosis, subtus palli-
dioribus, racemis elongatis multifloris terminalibus,
bracteis subulatis pedicellos equantibus, caulibus an-
gulatis calycibusque hirsutis.

Desmopium dubium. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 967.

Descr. A suffruticose plant, with upright, slender, an-
gular, branching, and hairy stems. Leaves ternate. Leaf-
lets large, the terminal one exactly obovate, upon a long
petiole, the lateral ones more oblong, sessile, all of them
very obtuse or almost retuse, clothed with short, soft, and
fine, rather silky, appressed hairs, green above, paler be-
neath. Main petiole with swollen joints, having a pair of
small, pointed stipules at the base, and a smaller pair a little

way up. Racemes terminal, longer than the leaves, many
; flowered

+ 3
+f

* From depos, a chain, from the articulated seed-vessels.

flowered, and lengthening much when all the flowers are
expanded. Bractee long, subulate, about as long as the
slender, red, pedicels of the flowers. Flowers at first droop-
ing, then patent. Calyx slightly hairy, reddish green, two-
lipped, upper lip bifid, lower lip trifid. Petals ofa pale rose
colour. Vexillum obovate, having two oblong, white spots
within near the base. Ale and keel alike in shape, the
latter smaller. Stam. diadelphous. Germen linear. Style
curved upwards. Stigma obtuse.

This is a pretty greenhouse plant, blossoming in June
and July, and was drawn from specimens sent by Dr. Gra-
HAM, Which he had raised at the Edinburgh Garden from
seeds sent by Dr. Watuicn.

From the Botanical Register we learn, that the plant is a
native of the Himala Mountains.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Vexillum. 3. Keel and one of the Ale. 4. Calyx,
Stamens, and Pistil. 5. Pistil—All more or less Magnified.

Py

ESA Det”

Pub byS. Curtis, Walworth: Jan? 11830 Swan sé

C 2961 )

ANTHOCERCIS viscosa. GLUTINOUS
ANTHOCERCIS.

EKER KE KEKE KK EK
Class and Order.

DipynamiA GYMNOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord —Soxtanez. Sect. II. Br.)

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. campanulata, tubo basi coarctata
staminifera ; limbo 5-partito, equali. Stamina inclusa,
didynama, cum rudimento 5-ti. Stigma capitato-emargi-
natum. Caps. bilocularis, bivalvis, valvarum marginibus
inflexis, placente parallela insertis. Semina reticulata. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

AnTHOcERcIs * viscosa ; foliis obovatis glanduloso-puncta-
tis margine scabriusculis, novellis ramulisque tenuis-
sime pubescentibus, capsula ovata calycem sube-
quante. Br. |

Anruocercis viscosa. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 448.

Spreng. Syst. Veget.v. 2. p. 841.

Gites

Descr. Apparently a low shrub, with alternate, obovate,
somewhat fleshy leaves, obtuse or even retuse at the extre-
mity, at the base attenuated, but not petioled, the margin
scabrous, though not visibly so to the naked eye, the surface
both above and beneath punctated with glandular, brown
dots. Peduncles axillary, solitary, single-flowered, having
two or three linear or linear-lanceolate, green, bractee ;
these peduncles become considerably elongated when bear-

ing

re.

* From asbos, @ flower, and xspes, a ray, in allusion to the radiated limb
of the Corolla.

ee

ing the fruit. Calyx deeply five-cleft, with linear-lanceo-
late, erecto-patent segments. Corolla ample, white, cam-
panulate, the limb five-cleft, with spreading, oblong seg-
ments, externally with minute, glandular pubescence, the
tube within streaked with green. Stamens four, didyna-
mous, inserted at the base of the tube. Anther roundish,
two-lobed, their back turned towards the pistil. Stigma
capitate, two-lobed.

This is much the finest species of the Genus, having
flowered considerably larger than those of the only other
hitherto described individuals, A. littorea, Brown, and R.
albicans *, of Cunnineuam, in Mr. Barron Fieip’s Memoirs
of New Holland. It was discovered by Mr: Brown on the
Southern shores of New Holland. . Seeds were gathered by
_ Mr. Axian Cunninenam at King George’s Sound, during
the fourth voyage of survey of Capt. Kine, and sent to
the. Royal Gardens at Kew, where the plant blossomed in
Mey, 1824. ,

he drawing was kindly communicated to me by W. T.
Arron, Esq. 'The figure of the Anther and Stigma, and the
description, are from a dried specimen in my Herbarium,
gathered by Mr. Waxeriexp, in King George’s Sound, and
sent to me with many other rarities by Mr. Fraser.

_* A fourth species has been sent to me by Mr. Fraser from the Swan
River, which I name

A, ilicifolia ; foliis obovatis glabris spinoso-dentatis munitissime punctatis,
ramis longissimis virgatis, corolle laciniis tubo brevioribus, eapsula ob-
longa calyce quintuplo longiore.

This grows to the height of six feet, and is widely different from the other
known species,

Fig. 1, Back view, and 2, front view ofa Stamen. 3. Stigma.— Magnified.

~

— ) 2963
/

WI Hae? Pub by 3 Cartes Walworth Janz 260 —

( 2962 )

BEGONIA PICTA. PARTICOLOURED
BEGONIA.

SEEKER KKK KEKE EEE EERE
Class and Order.

MoneaeciA PoryAnpriA.
( Nat. Ord. — Becontacez. ) -

Generic Character.

Masc.- Cal. 0. Cor. polypetala. Petala plerumque 4,
inequalia. Fam. Cal.o. Cor. petalis 4—9, plerumque
inequalibus. Styli 3, bifidi. Caps. triquetra, alata, tri-
locularis, polysperma.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Beconra picta ; caule brevi pubescente, foliis cordatis acu-
tis acuminatisque rugosis duplicato-serratis maculatis
hispidis, flore masculino 4-petalo, femineo 5-petalo
utroque petalis 2 angustioribus, capsula alis inequa-
libus pubescentibus.

Becon1a picta. Smith Ex. Bot.t.101. Hook. Ex. Fl. t.
89. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 571.

Bereonta hirta. Wall. MSS.

Descr. Stem about a span high, arising from a tuber-
ous root, herbaceous, scarcely branched, reddish, slightly
downy, green above. Leaves cordate, more or less Inequi-
lateral, with a deep sinus at the base, and two large, rounded
lobes, rather obtuse, the margins unequally and doubly
serrated, downy beneath, where the nerves are very pro-
minent, hispid above, at the margins and axils of the nerves
stained with dark purple. Peduncles from the axils of the
leaves, and longer than them, reddish below, green above,
bearing one or several flowers, often in a trichotomous
umbel. Flowers large, rose coloured, very handsome,

drooping

drooping before and after expansion, especially the female.
Male Flower of four spreading petals, two large, roundish-
cordate, hispid, with short, red hairs at the back, two inner
ones obovate. Female of five petals, three outer ones
rotundato-ovate, hispid at the back, two inner smaller, and
obovate. Germen inferior, turbinate, downy, with three
wings, one large and two smaller ones, each dilated upwards
into an obtuse angle. Stamens, Style, and Pista as in most
of the Genus.

Neither my own figure in Exotic Flora, nor that of
Loppiees in the Botanical Cabinet, does justice to the
beauty of this plant, and the size of its flowers. This is
often the case with plants that are figured when they first
bloom after their introduction to this country; afterwards
they become stronger, and flower in much greater per-
fection.

B. picta was first figured by Sir James E. Smiru in the
Exotic Botany, It is a native of Nepal; but probably of
the warmer parts: for it seems to flourish best with the heat
of our stoves, in which situation, the plant from which our
figure and description were taken flowered in the Glasgow
Botanic Garden, and in the month of September, 1829.

2968.

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ees tec Pde: Flt YL LRP? We ek He
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A LLBIPO
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( 2963 2964 )
Cycas REvoLUTA. NARrrow-LeaveD Cycas,

KKK KEKE EE KEE EKER EE EE
Class and Order.

Dia@cia Potyanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Cycapez. Pers. Rich. )

Generic Character.

Fl. dioici. Masc. amentacei; amentum crassissimum,
squamis subimbricatis, axi communi insertis, subtriangu-
latis, inferne angustatis, apice mucrone recurvo terminatis,
subtus inordinate antheris bivalvibus conspersis. Fam. in
spadices ensiformes, foliaceo-carnosos, marginibus dispo-
siti, erecti, semi-immersi, in utroque margine 3—4. Fructus
drupacei, erecti. ;

Arbores stipite erecto, tereti; foliis coronantibus, pin-
natis. Rich. —

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cycas * revoluta ; foliorum pinnis numerosissimis linearibus
mucronatis margine revolutis, petiolo triangulato spi-
nuloso, spadicibus foemineis paucifloris apice inciso-

_ palmatis. 7 ae Yeti

Cycas revoluta, Thunb, Jap. p..229. Smith in Trans.
Linn. Soc. v. 6. p. 312, t. 29, hig sag Sp. Pl. v, 4.

(| p. 844. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 907.

Arzor racor Amboinensis. Seb. Thes. v. 1. t. 25.f. 1.

Argor cALAppoies sinensis. Rumph. Amb. v. 1. p. 92.
t 24, : 5

Txssio, vulgo. Solitz et Sodetz. Kempf. Amen. Exot.
Ce S| 1 ee

pa

Descr. Stem or Trunk three to five feet high in the

plant here figured, and of considerable thickness, ters

—=—=_-—_.
———

* From xvxas, the name of a Palm in Tusorpnrastvus.

foot or more in diameter ; of a dark brown colour, clothed
with withered, reflexed scales, and annulated from the
scars of the former years’ circles of leaves. From the sum-
mit of this stem springs a beautiful crown of feathery, lively-
green foliage ; each leaf five to six feet long, spreading,
most beautifully pinnated: pinne numerous, close set,
linear-mucronate, dark green above, having a strong mid-
rib, paler beneath, where the midrib is prominent, and the
margin bent down or involute.. Rachis cylindrical. Stipes
one to two feet long, triangular, with a row of spines on
each side, which are abortive pinne. - From the centre of
this superb crown of leaves, the fructification appears,
The Male I have never seen ; nor do I know that it is any
where correctly described. Even the Female I have not
seen in the state of the germen. But the spadices of fruit
which have been sent me in spirits, have advanced germens,
which are roundish, compressed, notched, and woolly.
About six are inserted, three on each side of a long, com-
pressed, woolly, orange-coloured spadix, digitato-laciniate
at the extremity, about a span long, and more or less
incurved at their apices. These germens are quite desti-
tute of perianth, and even when not fertilized, change into
an orange-coloured, downy fruit, compressed, and notched
at the extremity. The down soon disappears, and then the
fruit becomes glabrous and deeper coloured, more inclining
to red. Within the sinus of the notch is a raised papilla,
small, with a circular, margined mouth. Nut oval, a little
attenuated at the base, at the apex apiculated, with a sharp
point, which answers to the ‘papilla above mentioned.
Within, these nuts, not having been fertilized, exhibit only
a withered and imperfect kernel, which it would be useless
to describe. The fruits abound in a white, transparent

mucilage. | |
Having already at Tab. 2826 and 2827 of this work
given figures and a: description of the more rare Cycas
circinalis, I felt anxious to add a representation of the
C. revoluta. Sir James Smiru has, indeed, given a very
good figure in the Transactions of the Linnzan Society
above quoted, from a plant that bore its female blossoms in
the stove of the Bishop of Winchester, in 1799. But that
belongs to a work which is in the hands of few. I am not
aware that any plant has besides flowered in this country,
till about the latter end of the present summer, (1829,) when
Lord Miron politely invited me to Wentworth House, to
See a specimen, then loaded with its rich and downy
orange-

2964.

‘ee yp ny : - ee eS ~ Serge SE
Wii del? Pub. by S lartis Walworth Leb? LE0 mee

orange-coloured fruits, in the gardens of that noble man-
sion. My avocations prevented me at the time from taking
so long a journey, which I should otherwise most gladly
have done. But, fortunately, at that very period, my
valued friend, the Rev. R. T. Lowes, sent me a beautiful
drawing of a plant which had flowered in Madeira, together
with some spadices in spirits. From these, the accom-
panying engravings have been made. Mr. Lowe writes me
respecting this Madeira plant, “ It grows in front of the
Quinta do Valle, or Valle Villa, a spot whose elevation is
about three hundred feet above the level of the sea. It has
produced fruit, (abortive like that sent,) every alternate year
for a long time till the very last ; but the gentleman who
resided in the house haying left the island last summer, the
plant was neglected ; and this year it has not, as usual, put
out a fresh crown of leaves. The usual treatment has been,
to cut off the whole of the leaves as soon as the fruit of
the year had nearly perished; that is, towards January or
February : and then, towards the spring in May or June, it
never failed to put forth anew crown of leaves, which, about
the middle of summer, attained their full size. These con-
tinued through the winter, and the fruit began to develop
itself in their centre, towards June or July of the following
‘year, arriving at its full size in September. Last winter,
the foliage of the summer of 1827 was not cut off, as I said,

after the fruit had perished, and is at this moment on the
plant. About last March, there seemed to be an effort to
shoot out fresh leaves, by the protrusion of a conical groupe
of sharp-pointed processes from the centre of the withered
spadices and fruit, but nothing more has yet appeared. The
fruit acquires its fine orange-colour very early, and is about
the size of a horse-bean. I have just been to take the follow-
ing measurements. Height of trunk (to the base of decayed
remains of last summer’s fruit,) three feet nine inches. Girth
at the ground, three feet three inches ; at middle and at
top, three feet four inches. It appears to the eye, however,
a good deal thicker upwards. There are twenty-four leaves,
(the crown is not quite perfect, as you will see im the
figure,) which are from three feet seven inches to three

feet ten inches long, still exhibiting no signs of decay ; and
there is no appearance of fresh ones, except the cone of pro-
_ €esses above mentioned. Counting the alternate remains

_ Of leaf-stalks and spadices, (distinet traces of the last occur
at the very lowest ring above the surface of the ground) the

Plant is forty-five to fifty years old. It has occupied its
| present

present place probably twenty or thirty years. The sketch,
which is most accurate and faithful, was taken in November
last, before the fruit was set, by my friend, Francis Hype,
Esq. lately of the 12th Lancers.” The taste of the fruit is
mealy, dry, and sweetish, but insipid. It is the general
opinion here, that this is the Sago Palm, or the plant that
produces Sago. The Japanese, of whose country the plant
is a native, eat the fruits; and from the trunk extract a kind
of Sago, which is highly esteemed, especially by the people
of rank. On this account, the plant is much cultivated
about their houses, and is forbidden to be exported. A
very small quantity of the medulla or pith suffices to satisfy
the hunger of a soldier in the time of war.

Cycas revoluta is frequently cultivated in the stoves of the
curious in this country ; but it requires considerable space
to be seen to advantage. The general’structure both of
the male and female flowers and fruit will prove, in all pro-
bability, very similar to those of C. circinalis, already given
in this work, 7

Tas. 2963. Plant of Cycas revoluta much reduced. Fig. 1. A leaf upon
a larger seale ; but still considerably reduced.

Tan. 2964. Fig. 1. Spadix with (abortive) Fruit. 2. Nut taken out from a
Drupe. 3. Summit of the Drupe a little magnified, shewing the Papilla in
the Sinus. 4, Portion of a Leaf. 1, 2. and 4.—Natural size.

2 965.

J va

Pub. by 8. Curtis WalvorthPeal 1850

AA breville Id?

( 2965 )
SIsYRINCHIUM PEDUNCULATUM. Lone-
STALKED SISYRINCHIUM.

KERR EEE ERE E REE EEE

Class and Order.

MonapetpuiaA TRIANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord. — Inuez. )

Generic Character.

Spatha diphylla. Perianthium simplex, corollinum, pro-
funde sex-partitum, equale. Filamenta connata. Stylus
simplex. Stigma trifidum. Capsula tri-locularis, infera.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Sisyrincuium* pedunculatum ; caule folioso teretiusculo,
foliis ensiformibus, pedunculis elongatis simplicibus,
spathis exterioribus ovatis marginibus membranaceis,
interioribus scariosis albidis, perianthii laciniis obovatis
basi angustatis, staminum columna densissime glan-
duloso-pilosa, stigmatibus brevissimis, ovario glabro.

SisyRincuium pedunculatum. Gillies MSS.

*

Descr. Root fibrous. Stems one, to one and a half and
two feet high, rounded, or but slightly compressed, zigzag,
leafy. Leaves: radical ones, six to eight inches long. Stem-
leaves remote, gradually shorter upwards, linear -ensiform,
Sheathing at the base, and there laterally compressed,
acuminated, striated, the uppermost one conduplicate, and
a little membranous at the edge. Pedunele solitary, or two

to four, from within the upper complicated leaf or gece

enn

* From ovs, a hog, and puyyos, a snout, applied to some bulbous plant, and
Spoken of by Purny and THeopurastus. =

7 ee ee a
ii Me

four to six inches long, terete, bearing a single head of
flowers within a diphyllous spatha, with green, concave,
ovate leaves, white and membranaceous at the margin, four
to five flowered, each flower emerging from a large, almost
entirely white and scariose, convolute, bractea. Perianth
cut into six, obovate, spreading, deep yellow segments, a
little concave in their lower half, and there narrow, with a
small dark purple spot at the very base. Colwmn of fila- —
ments long, densely covered with rather long, glandular,
yellow hairs. Anther short, yellow, just below the slightly
protruded tip of the style, with its three very short stigmas.
Germen oblong, glabrous. Capsule oblong, attenuated,
three-valved.

A native of Chili, where it has been found both by Dr.
Gitiies, and Mr. Cruicxsuanxs. From the latter I have
dried specimens. To the former we are indebted for its
introduction to our greenhouses ; it having been raised at
Mr. Netiz’s Garden at Canonmills, from seeds sent by Dr.
Gituies. It first flowered in June, 1828. The same plant
produced again, during the summer of the present year,
(1829,) a succession of blossoms which lasted many weeks,
and yielded seed, from which many plants haye been raised.

Fig. I. Column of the Stamens, with the slightly protruded Style and Stig-
mas. 2. Capsule, included in its scariose Bractea,—Magnified.

2966. |

Pub by § Curtis WaiworthFeb? 1430

RK Grevili det*®

( 2966 )

BEGONIA DIVERSIFOLIA. VARIOUS-LEAVED
BEGONIA.

EKER KEK EKER KERR EE
Class and Order.

MonazciaA PoLyanpria.

e

( Nat. Ord. —BEcontAcea. )

Generic Character.

_ Mase. Cal. 0. Cor. polypetala. Petala plerumque 4,
inequalia. Fam. Cal. 0. Cor. petalis 4—9, plerumque
inequalibus. Styli 3, bifidi. Caps. triquetra, alata, trilo-
cularis, polysperma.

Specific Character and Synonymn.

Beconta diversifolia ; herbacea, glaberrima, foliis radicali-
bus reniformibus late crenatis, caulinis sublobatis in-
equaliter argute serratis superioribus inequaliter cor-
datis, inferioribus reniformibus, floribus axillaribus
congestis, pedunculis petiolos equantibus vel supe-
rantibus ramosis, capsula ala maxima acutangula,
Graham.

B. diversifolia. Graham Descr. of New Pl. in Edin. Plul.
Journ. (1829.) p. 183.

Descr. Whole plant smooth and shining. Stem her-

ceous, twining, branched, smooth, very obscurel a
transparent. Stem-leaves alternate, petiolated, half-cordate,
acuminate, somewhat lobed towards the base, acutely and
unequally serrated, smooth, bright-green above, paler and
Somewhat glaucous beneath. Nerves branched, and pro-
Minent behind. Petioles shorter than the leaves, spreading,
flattened on the upper side. Root-leaves kidney-shaped,
hearly equal at the base, broadly crenate, on petioles, many
mes longer than themselves, and which are slightly com-

| Pressed at the sides, and channelled above ; a few gos *

the bottom of the stem resemble these, but are on shorter
petioles, and have their edges pretty equally lobed, the lobes
being unequally and sharply serrated. Stipules ovate, ob-
lique, green, ciliated. Peduncles axillary, about as long
as the petioles on the lower part of the stem, longer above,
slightly compressed, bracteated, pedicels rising from the
axils of the bracteas, solitary, or two together, a male and
female. Occasionally the peduncle is twice divided, with
a pair of opposite bracteas at each division; and it is ex-
tremely probable, that at another season of the year, the
inflorescence would look very differently, and the plant
assume a much handsomer appearance, from perfecting
many more flowers : for in the axil of each leaf, from whence
the peduncle springs, and in the bosom of each bractea,
there is a cluster of flower buds. Bracteas cordato-ovate,
concave, blunt, entire, shorter than the pedicels. Corolla
rose-coloured ; outer petals cordato-ovate, pointed, sharply
serrated ; inner petals obovato-elliptical, entire, subacute.
Stamens yellow, monadelphous; union of the filaments
extending high. Anthers (as is common in the whole of
this genus) obovate, truncated, compressed, the pollen
cases being distant, lateral, and connate. Germen with
three unequal sides, unequally winged, of three somewhat
unequal loculaments, each containing a large, green, bi-
partite, waved, seminal receptacle, covered with minute
ovules ; the largest wing acute, the second subacute, and
the third very small and rounded.

As far as I can judge by the imperfect characters which
have been published of this beautiful and extensive Genus,
the present species is undescribed. It was raised from seeds,
sent from Rigla in Mexico, by Captain Verrcu, to P. Nerr,
Esquire, in whose stove at Cannonmills, near Edinburgh,
it flowered in October, 1829. Granam.

We are indebted to the pencil of Dr. Grevize for the
drawing from which our engraving was taken.

Fig. 1. Capsule-—Natural size.

“4

Pak bv SCartis Walworth. Fel 11830 sg

WIM del?

( 2967 , )
‘PASSIFLORA LIGULARIS. AMPLE-LEAVED
PASSION-FLOWER.

KEKE EKER EEE EE EEEEE
Class and Order. |

MonapeLpnia PENTANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—PassirLoreEz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 10-partitus, laciniis interioribus corollinis. Corona
radiata perigyna, Nectarium in fundo calycis. Tubus,
staminifer stylum cingens. Stigmata 3, clavata. Pepo
1-locularis, placentatio parietalis. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Passtriora ligularis; involucro subflore triphyllo, foliolis
ovatis serratis, foliis glabris cordatis integerrimis, peti-
olis glandulas subsex filiformi-clavatas gerentibus, sti-
pulis ovato-acuminatis, pedunculis solitariis unifloris.

P. ligularis. Juss. Ann. du Mus. d’Hist. Nat. v. 6. t. 40.
Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. 2. p. 128. Prodr.
»v. 2. p. 433. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 329. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 36.

Descr. Stem climbing, of great length and much branch-
ed, woody below, and somewhat corky, the youns shoots
herbaceous, somewhat flattened, glabrous. eaves, many
of them a span long, perfectly elabrous, cordate, more or
less acuminate, with a deep and narrow sinus at the base,
with many nerves and numerous minute connecting vels,
entire at the margin, bright green above, pale and glaucous
beneath. Petioles three to four inches long, grooved above,
having on each side the groove, generally, three filiform,
clavate, green glands, two to three lines long. Stipules
large, herbaceous, ovate, acuminate, entire, or minutely

Serrated at the margin, especially towards the cera
| arrhi

Cirrhi axillary, long, simple. Peduncle axillary, Solitary,
bearing a single large flower. Involucre of three large,
ovato-acuminate, serrated, green leaflets, a little distant from
the flower. Leaflets of the calyx oblong, the five inner
subpetaloid, the five outer more herbaceous, with a soft
mucro at the point. Corona as long as the calyx, curved
upwards, its rays white, fasciated or annulated with reddish-
purple, almost blue at the extremity. The base of the
nectary within is white, and covered with small fleshy tu-
bercles. Anthers large, oblong, flat, yellow-green at the
back. Germen oval, green, smooth, on a long pedicel.
Styles three, spreading, tipped with the club-shaped stigmas.
The fruit I have not seen, but M. Bonrtanp has stated it
to be of the size and shape of an orange, good to eat, and
of an agreeable flavor.

This fine Passion Flower recommends itself, not only by
the beauty and delicacy of its blossom, but by the size and
rich green of the foliage. It is a native of Peru, and was
first discovered by Domaey. It flowered in the Glascow
Botanic Garden, in September and October, 1829 ; that
establishment being indebted for plants to the sister insti-
tution at Edinburgh, and to the Lord Justice Cierk for
seeds, of this hitherto little-known Passion Flower.

Pub. by §. Curtis Walworth, Bb? 1 1850

Lad Frances Cole Dat

(29068.-5
CerperA TANGHIN. Poison TANGHIN.

ORE
Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeyntia.
( Nat. Ord. — Apocynez. )

Generic Character.

Cor. infundibuliformis, tubo clavato, fauce 5-dentata.
Anthere subsessiles summo tubo imposite, a stigmatis fo-
veolis exceptea. Drupa putamine fibroso. ligneo, 1—2-
sperma. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cersera* Tunghin ; foliis confertis, ramis erectis, floribus
paniculatis terminalibus. Pozr.
— venenifera. Poirét in Encycl. Bot. Suppl. v.
. p. 283. : )
Taneuinta. P. Thouars, Gen. Nov. Madag. p. 10. Voa
Tanghin. Madag. i

ae

_ Descr. This constitutes a tree in its native climate,
ag crowded or clustered leaves and erect branches.
mai es are from four to six and eight or ten inches
long, lanceolate, tapering at the base, subcoriaceous, quite

entire. Flowers in large terminal panicles, with white
fowers, having a tinge of rose-color on the outside, and a
deeper red circle round the mouth. “ Calyx 5-fid, patent.

Corolla longer than the calyx, funnel-shaped, dilated up-
wards, the limb plain, contorted, five lobed. Stamens five ;
Anthers sessile, inserted into the dilated part of the tube,
heart-shaped, having a tubercle under each. Germen double.
Style single. Stigma capitate, with two tubercles at -

oe PS - : poin ‘

iia ea Fa
- —————
ee

x . . ee . : MH aliti
From Cerberus, on account of its injurious or poisonous qualities.

point, included within the anthers. Drupes two, or by
abortion solitary, pyriform, acuminated. Nut filamentous,
woody. Albumen none. Cotyledons long, thick, concave.”
P. Tuovars.

The Tanguen or Voa Tanghin, Tanghinia of Avgert pu
Petit Tuovars, has been known to Europeans only as a
native of Madagascar, and from the account given of it by
Rocuon, that “ it produces a wood which is hard and veined,
fit for carpentery, and inlaying work, and of which the
fruit is a most dangerous poison, too well known, and em-
ployed by the natives.” Du Prerrr Tuovars named the
plant Tanenini4; but at the same time observed how closely
allied it was to the Cerpera Manghas. He even doubted
if it were not the same. These doubts are now removed by-
the plant having been cultivated in the Mauritius, and
being thence introduced, through the medium of Cuartes
Texrair, Esq. to the rich collection at Bury Hill, where it
stands in the same house with the true C. Manghas. As
yet, however, it has not blossomed, and as the plant, accord-
ing to M. Tuovars, becomes a Tree, (Arsor elegans,) a
period of some years may still elapse before its flowers
appear. !

In the mean time, we are not without the means of grati-
fying the public with a figure of this plant. Mr. Trxrair
has obligingly communicated to us a beautiful drawing of
a Tanghin which flowered at Reduit, in the Mauritius, from
the pencil of the Honorable Lady Frances Coxz, the Lady of
His Excellency, the Governor of the Island*. This figure
is upon so large a scale, that we cannot presume to do
justice to it in the humble form in which the Botanical
Magazine appears. The drawing of the fruit is by Mrs.
Terram. The value of this communication has been much
increased by the addition of the history of the use to which
the poison was put by the former kings of the island of
Madagascar. ‘“ The kernel of the fruit,” Mr. Trrram
writes in his letter from the Mauritius, dated March’ 8th,
1829, “‘ must be a very powerful poison. It is not much
larger than an almond, and yet is sufficient to destroy above
twenty persons. Rapama, the late king of Madagascar,
abolished the use of it as an ordeal; whether the custom
has been revived by the new government I know not.
It was with great difficulty that the, chieftains could be

3 persuaded

* Now Governor of the Cape of Good Hope.

persuaded to admit of the abolition of an usage, which had
existed from time immemorial, and whose unerring efficacy
in the detection and punishment of crime, had never been
questioned, until Mr. Hasty, our Government agent, had
acquired such an influence with Rapama and his court, as
to admit of the exposure of its fallacy. But this was the
work of years ; and although Rapama was at length him-
self convinced that nothing could be more unjust, than the
continuance of the practice, he dared not so far shock the
prejudices of his people, as to order that it should cease.
Even the chief performers in the ceremony, the “ Skids,”
as they are called at Tanararissoo, who unite in their own
persons the offices of priests and physicians, and who ad-
minister the poisonous kernel to the victims, never doubt
its power of revealing guilt or clearing innocence ; the last
occasion on which it was practiced in Rapama’s reign, and
of which he availed himself to effect its discontinuance,
personally regarded his court and attendants. The king
was affected with a complaint of the liver, for which the
“ Skid” prescribed some ineflicacious remedies, and as the
disease became worse, Mr. Hasty gave him some calomel
in doses, which he had found by experience to relieve him-
self under similar symptoms. The disease disappeared, but
Ptyalism was produced, and alarmed the king’s family, who
believed that he was poisoned, and insisted that all his im-
mediate attendants should be put to the ordeal of the
Tanghin; and the royal Skid was most earnest im pressing
to have it performed, although he himself, from his rank
and place, was among the first to whom it would be ad-
ministered. In vain the king protested that he felt himself
cured, and that the indisposition and soreness of the mouth
was caused by the medicine that had relieved him, and
which would pass off in a few days. The Skid insisted, the
ministers and principal chieftains joined with the family in
requiring the ordeal ; to which the king, in spite of his
Convictions, was compelled to consent ; but at the same
time, he made it a condition that this should be the last
exibition of the kind, and he bewailed the necessity which
deprived him of so many attached dependants, whose fate
he had predicted, while he protested his conviction of their
Innocence. :

The king’s servants, including the Skid, were more than
twenty in number; they were shut up at night separately,
and not allowed to taste food ; the next morning they _

tought out in procession, and paraded before the assemble

people;

people ; the presiding Skid had the Tanghin fruit in readi-
ness ; after some prayers and superstitious evolutions, he
took out the kernel, which he placed on a smooth stone,
and with another stone broke down a part of it into a soft
white mass like pounded almonds. The victims were then
brought separately forward, each was questioned as to his
guilt, and if he denied, his arms were tied behind, and he
was placed on his knees before the Skid, who put a portion
of the pounded kernel on his tongue and compelled him to
swallow it. Thus the kernel was shared among all the
king’s personal servants. On some of the individuals the
action began to operate in half an hour or less. The Skid
takes particular notice how they fall, whether on the face,
to the right or left hand, or on the back, each position
indicating a different shade of guilt. Convulsions generally
come on, accompanied with efforis to vomit. Those whose
stomachs reject the dose at an early period, usually recover;
on this occasion there were only two individuals with whom
this was the case ; the others were thrown, in a state of
insensibility, into a hole, and every person present at the
ceremony was obliged to throw a stone over them, so that
their burial was quickly completed. The king’s Skid was
one of the first that fell. Those that recover are supposed
to bear a charmed life ever after, and are respected as the
peculiar favorites of the gods.”

Fig. 1. Fruit —Natural size.

GP

Pak. by S$ Curtis Walworth Fea? 1/30 Le Swanst:

( 2969 )
HEDYCHIUM ACUMINATUM.
eR SH bessnniaisbokskokokatot

Class hel Order. |
MonanpriA Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord Scant Oe )

Generic Character.

Anthera duplex, stylum amplectens. Filamentum long-
um, gracile, antheram in apicem sustinens ligamento flexili
dorso aflixo. Capsula 3-locularis. Semina numerosa,
arillata. Rose.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Hepycuium* acuminatum; spica laxa, bracteis unifloris,
filamento labello breviore recurvato, labello ovato
profunde bifido, segmentis acutis. Rose.

HeEpycuium acuminatum. Rose. Scitam. cum Ic. —

*

Descr. Stem three to five feet high. Leaves broadly
lanceolate, with a very narrow, almost filiform point, ob-
_liquely veined from the mid-rib, glabrous above, beneath

slightly silky ; narrower and smaller upwards. Spike ter-
_Minal, a span or more long in our specimen, with subdis-
tichous, handsome, and fragrant flowers. Bracteas two or
three, pale green, submembranaceous, and subdiaphanous,
sheathing the lower half of the tube of the perianth. Limb —
of the Cor. in six, unequal segments: the outer ones linear,
patent ; of the three inner, two are linear, pale yellow, their
Margins revolute ; the third is ovate, pure white, concave,
tapering below into a narrow grooved base, the lamina
eeply cut into two acute, oblong segments, which point

ater

forwards,

-* From ndog sweet or pleasing, and x», snow : alluding to the fragrance,
gceance, and whiteness of the flowers, at least of the first and original species.
ITH, | ,

forwards, and are generally serrated. Filaments red, grooved
for the reception of the style. Anther oblong, two-celled;
cells loaded with yellow pollen. From between the two
cells of the anther, the stigma is a little protruded, it is
capitate, and crowned with a tuft or fringe of upright hairs.

Introduced by Dr. Watuicn to our gardens, about the

ear 1820. It blossomed at Liverpool, in 1822, and was

rst described and figured in Mr. Roscor’s work on the
Scitamineous plants, which has thrown so much light on
that most beautiful and intricate groupe of vegetables.

I am indebted for the specimen here figured, to my often-
mentioned friend, Dr. Granam, who received roots from the
same liberal donor, and in whose collection they flowered
in October, 1829.

Fig. 1. Stigma. 2, Anther, including a portion of the Style and Stigma.—
Magnified.

MS C Letfair & Prof B del* 3 j }
lfair & Prof Bojer del’ Pub br £ Curtis Walworth, Ma’ L180 dwar

( 2970 2971 )

CoccuLus PALMATUS. CoLUMBO PLANT.

SEEK EK KEKE KEE EEE EEE REE
Class and Order.

Diacia Hexanpria.
( Nat. Ord —Menispermex. Juss. )

Generic Character.

Sepala et Petala ordine ternario, bi- rarissime triserialia.
Stam. 6, libera, petalis opposita. Carpella 3—6. Drupe
baccate, 1—6, sepius oblique, reniformes, subcompresse,
monosperme. Cotyledones distantes. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Coccutus * palmatus; foliis basi cordatis palmatim 5—7
fidis subpilosis lobis acuminatis integerrimis, caule
germinibusque piloso-glandulosis.

Coccutus palmatus. De Cand. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 523.
Kjusd. Prodr. v. 1. p. 98. ;
MENIsPeRMUM palmatum. Lam. Dict. v. 4.p.99. Willd.
Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 825. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 154.

Berry in As. Res. (ed. 8vo.) v. 10. p. 389.

Descr. Root perennial, composed of a number of fasci-
culated, fusiform, somewhat branched, fleshy, curved, and
descending tubers, of the thickness of an infant’s arm,
clothed with a thin, brown epidermis, marked, towards the
upper part especially, with transverse warts ; internally
they consist of a deep yellow, scentless, very bitter flesh,

lled with numerous parallel, longitudinal fibres or vessels.
Stems annual, herbaceous, one or two proceeding from the

same root, about the thickness of the little finger, twining,
simple

or ee
er ane

is From the Greek xoxxos, a name given to the kermes of the Oak, which
the fruit of the original Coccu.us somewhat resembled.

simple in the male plant, branched in the female, rounded,
green ; in the full-grown plant, below, thickly clothed with
succulent longitudinal hairs, which are tipped with a gland.
Leaves alternate, the younger ones thin, pellucid, bright
green, generally three-lobed, upwards gradually more nume-
rous ; older ones remote, a span in breadth, nearly orbicular
in their circumscription, deeply cordate, five to seven-lobed,
the lobes entire, often deflexed, wavy on the surface and
margin, dark green aboye, paler beneath, hairy on both
sides ; the nerves, according to the number of lobes, are
three, seven, or nine, pale, connected by veins which, in
themselves, are reticulated, prominent beneath. Petiole
about as long as the leaf, rounded, glanduloso-pilose, thick-
ened below.

Mate Prant. Racemes axillary, solitary or two together,
drooping, about as long as the petiole, compound, branches
an inch or more long, clothed with glandular hairs, slender,
having at the base small deciduous bractee. Cal. glabrous,
consisting of six leaves or sepals, which are nearly equal,
arranged in a double series, oval, acute. Cor. pale green,
of six free petals, oblong, with involute margins and
recurved apices, arranged round a central orbicular disc or
gland, in asingle series. Stam. six, opposite to the petals.
Filaments thick, shorter than the petals, which embrace their
somewhat attenuated bases. Anthers terminal, truncated,
four-celled, the cells opening internally and filled with the
yellow pollen, consisting of linear-oblong grains. In the
Femate Pranr, the racemes are axillary, solitary, simple,
patent, shorter than those of the male. Pedicels with
caducous, minute bractee. Sepals six, in two series, three
inferior smaller, ovate, acute, subpatent, plane, glabrous.
Petals six, rarely eight, free, shorter than the germens,
recurved at the extremity, green, glabrous. Pistzs three,
free, of which two are generally abortive, ovate, acuminate,
glanduloso-pilose, containing one ovule: Style almost
none: Stigma with several spreading points. Fruit dru-
paceous or berried, about the size of a hazel nut, densely
clothed with long, spreading hairs, which at the extremity
are tipped with a black gland, oblongo-globose. Seed
subreniform, clothed with a thin black shell, transversely
striated. Boser’s MSS. :

Coxumro of the Materia Medica, is the root of a plant
which appears to have been long known in some parts of
the East Indies, but whose native country and history have
been, till very lately, involved in obscurity. Some have

asserte

asserted, (see Rexs’s Cyclopedia, art. Columbo,) that the
root was introduced from Columbo in Ceylon, to the con-
tinent of India, and thence derived its name. If such were
the case, Ceylon was not considered, by the learned in
India, to be the native country of this plant ; for the Asiatic
Society of Bengal, in the sixth vol. of their Transactions,
published at the commencement of the present century,
gave a “ list of such Oriental subjects as required further
illustration ;” and amongst them particularly invited com-
munications respecting the Columbo Plant, with a view to
ascertain from what country the root so called was originally
procured, and to obtain a botanical description and figure.
Commerson, indeed, whilst residing in the Isle of France,
gathered there, in the garden of M. Potvre,* about the year
1770, some flowering specimens of a plant which came to
France with the rest of that celebrated botanist’s collec-
tion, and were marked in his Herbarium “ Calumbo in
Indits vocatur ;’’ and these were first described by La-
MARCK, under the name of MeEnispermum palmatum.
That author further observes: “fl paroit qu’elle est ori-
ginaire de l’Inde,”’ and “ C’est peut-étre de ce Menisperme
qu’on obtient cette racine qu’on nous rapporte de l’Inde
sous le nom de racine de Calumbo ou Columbo, en mor-
ceaux jaunatres, d’une saveur amére.” From no other
source do we derive any indication of the plant being known
in a living-state about that period ; and that in the Isle of
France probably soon perished. mat :
About eight or ten years after the invitation was given
on the part of the Asiatic Society, for information respect-
ing the Columbo plant, (namely, in the tenth volume of the
Asiatic Researches, Svo. edition, published in London,
1811,) we find a figure and description of the male plant,
and some important contributions to its history, by Dr.
Anprew Berry, Member of the Medical Board of Fort
St. George. From that gentleman we learn that this plant
IS never cultivated in its native country, but that it grows
naturally and in abundance in the thick forests that are
said to cover the shores about Oibo and Mozambique, on
the East coast of Africa, and inland for about fifteen or
twenty miles. The roots are dug up in the month of
March, the dry season, or when the natives are not em-
ployed in agriculture. 'The main stock of the root is not

removed, but offsets from the base are taken, and those of
sufficient

ibang g. : jsve

* See Lamarcn’s Cyel. v. 4. p. 99.

sufficient size: yet not so old as to be full of fibres, which
render it unfit for commerce.

Soon after it is dug up, the root is cut into slices, strung
on cords, and hung up to dry in the shade. It is deemed
fit for commerce, when, on exposure to the sun, it breaks
short ; and of a bad quality when it is soft or black. It is
held in high esteem among the natives, even those who
reside at a great distance from Mozambique, for the cure
of dysentery, which is frequent among them ; for healing
ulcers, and as a remedy for almost every disorder.

Dr. Berry obtained this information from Monsieur
Fortin, who, when at Mozambique, and engaged in pur-
chasing the dried root, as an article of trade, procured an
entire living offset of a larger size than usual. This he
brought with him to Madras, in September, 1805; and
presented it to Dr. James Anprrson, the Physician General,
who justly esteemed it a valuable acquisition to India.
This being planted, produced a male plant, from which
Dr. Berry’s figure and description were made. That gen-
tleman was ignorant of the circumstance of Lamarck having
published it from dried specimens, as the MenispermuM
palmatum, nor has he given it a scientific name; but he
rightly judged it to belong to “ the Sarmentacem of Lin-
nzus, the Menispermum of Jussieu.” Among the Africans
its name is Kalumb. It is spelt Kalumbo by the Portu-
guese, in whose language the o is mute; and,- from this,
Dr. Berry tells us, the name originated by which this
valuable root is known to Europe. It is a staple export of
the Portuguese from Mozambique ; and, when we consider
the quantity exported, it is certainly an extraordinary cir-
cumstance that the native country of the plant was not
more generally known.

Still the female flower was a desideratum; and Dr
Canvotte, the last botanical author perhaps who has de-
scribed the plant (apparently from Commerson’s specimens
in the Parisian Museum), was obliged to declare that he
ae ignorant of the structure of the female flowers and
ruit.

For the means of making them known to the botanists
of Europe, I am mainly indebted to the indefatigable exer-
tions of my often-mentioned friend Cuartes Tetratr, Esq.
of the Mauritius. From that gentleman, through the
hands of Roserr Barctay, Esq., I have received no less
than three atlas folio sheets of drawings, representing por-
tions of this plant of the natural size, with admirable dissec-
tions, executed by Professor Boyzr, aided in the colouring

: by

HCL eliaind Prof Bo jer belt

Lib. by § Curtis Walworth Mar thll9ol wan Sr

by the faithful pencil of Mrs. Cuartes Texram. What-
ever is wanting, either of execution or accuracy in the
accompanying figures, which were taken from these
splendid delineations, must be attributed to my being oblig-
ed to reduce them to the humble standard of the Botanical
Magazine. These drawings too were accompanied by a full
description of the plant, from the pen of Professor Boser,
(and which I have here merely rendered from the Latin,) and
by an account of the recent introduction of the plant to our
colonies, from a MSS. memoir, by Mr. Tetrarr himself.
Shortly previous to their arrival in England, living roots
were sent by that gentleman to Mr. Barcuay’s Botanical
Garden and to that of Glasgow.

“The late Sir Warrer Fargunar, Physician to the
King,” says Mr. Terratr*, “ was very anxious to intro-
duce into England the Colombo root in a living state; and
for that purpose, he desired his son, Sir Rosert Farqunar,
Governor of Mauritius, Bourbon, and their Dependencies,
to procure the plant from its native soil in Africa, and
forward it to London. Sir Rozerr lost no time, after
assuming his government at the conquest of the French
Islands, in applying to the Governor of Mozambique for
growing plants ; and was repeatedly assured that these should
be sent to him at the proper season. These promises,
however, were never fulfilled; although renewed by the
several succeeding officials of the Portuguese possessions
on the East coast of Africa, ever since the year 1811. Dr.

Watucn also took much pains for effecting the same

is precious vegetable to
what it bears in
er by passing

ee clrng account appears to have been read at a literary and scientific
ty in the Mauritius, of which Mr. Texrair is the Vice-president.
B

*

the East African coast. undertook the task. The extensive
influence he had acquired by his intercourse with the native
chieftains and tribes, enabled him to procure living plants ;
while his botanical knowledge secured him against the mis-
takes committed by others, who had been misled by the
local settlers in their search, and imposed on by the substi-
tution of other species instead of the true Colombo root.
Captain Owen; in the year 1825, brought away in his
Majesty’s ship Leven, from Oibo, a great number of cases,
filled with growing roots of the male and female plants, laid
down in the sandy loam, which appears to be their favorite
soil. Notime was lost by him in forwarding a great portion
of these to Mr. Texrarr, at Mauritius, planting some also
at Mahé, in the Seychelles Archipelago, and sending to
Bombay several cases, in order to multiply, by dispersion,
the chances of success in naturalizing them in different
climates. i

*« The roots that were brought to Mauritius, were partly
transmitted to England, New Holland, and America ; but
the greater number were distributed among the various
districts of Mauritius and Bourbon. Many of these plants
blossomed at Mauritius in the course of a year, but the
flowers proved all male. The roots, however, had, during
that period, multiplied to twenty or thirty times the original
quantity, and thus an opportunity was given for distributing
them still more extensively. The female plants flowered
at Seychelles, and Mr. G. Harrison, the Government .
Agent there, transmitted some of their roots to Mr. Trxrair,
in whose garden of Bois Chéri, in the Mauritius, they have
flowered, and being fecundated by Professor Bosrr, who
touched them with the pollen of the male blossom, they bore
seeds. From these individuals the drawings by Professor
Boser have been taken, which give a delineation and dissec-
tion of every part. é
“ Some of the original roots imported by Captain Owen,
and immediately planted, have however remained in the
earth without making any shoot, though they possess
vegetable life, entire and undecayed. When taken up and
examined, they appear to be undergoing a process of
cicatrization at the surface, where they have been broken
off from the parent root; and it is not until this wound
is completely healed and firm, that the powers of vege-
tation are directed to the production of a stalk and leaves
and flowers. This process of cicatrization is extremely
slow, thus offering an obstacle to the extensive propa-
gation of this species by offsets from the root. But Pro-
fessor

fessor Bosrr is at present engaged in some experiments
for increasing its productiveness, by laying down and
planting the stem in cuttings, and hitherto with an appear-
ance of success. ‘The wound thus caused in the plant is
much smaller, and seems to heal more readily. If this
plan answers well, the culture of Columbo root may be so
extended as to render it an object of industry and resource
to the planters of the Mauritius. : ,

_“ Mr. Newnan, the Superintendent of the King’s Bota-
nical Garden of Mauritius, has prepared a tincture from a
part of the roots in his possession, according to the formula
of the London College of Physicians ; but this tincture is
much stronger than what comes from Apothecaries’ Hall,
and its taste has a more grateful and aromatic flavour.”

Columbo root has been long known and esteemed, both
in the East Indies and in Europe; where it is found to be of
singular efficacy in strengthening the fibres of the stomach
and bowels, not only in chronic cases, but in the cholera
morbus, dysentery, and diseases of the alimentary canal.
Its analysis, according to M. Prancug, has afforded a third
of its weight of woody tissue, a third of amylaceous
matter, and the remaining third is principally composed of
animal substance and a yellow and bitter matter, insoluble
in metallic salts. «The presence of so large a quantity of
amylaceous substance accounts’ for the great reputation of
the root in dysentery, diarrhceas, and excessive vomiting.
By a decoction of Columbo, the fecula is extracted, as well
as the bitter principle, whose action is thus considerably
modified: whilst an infusion is simply bitter and tonic.

In the Dictionnaire des Drogues, by Curvatier and
Ricuarp (Paris, 1817), mention is made of a bastard or
false Columbo (faux Colombo), brought from the States of
Barbary, but which may be detected at once on analysis, by
the entire absence of fecula. It is not yet known of what
plant this is the produce, but it is often substituted for the
true Columbo, which it has thus sometimes unjustly brought
‘nto disrepute. .

Tas. 2970, Fig. 1. Portion of a Male Plant, reduced to two-thirds of its
natural size. 2, Male Flower. 3. Stamen and Petal. 4. Grains of Pollen.
me Glandular Hair. 6. Female Flower. 7. Pistils, of which two are frequent!

rtive.—All but fig. 1. more or less magnified.

Tas, 2971, Fig. 1. Root, with a portion of two young stems, rather less
than the size of nature. 2, 3, 4. Different sections of the Root, showing its
internal colour and appearance. 5. Portion of a Female Raceme, with per-

fect Fruit. 6. Seed, 7, Embryo.—Magnified.

.*

2872.

Sta

Pub. by S Curtis Walwerth Mat LiE0

a

KS kde ce

( 2972 )

Dryas DrumMmonpil. YELLOW-FLOWERED
Mountain AVENS.

SEIS SIS RE
Class and Order.

IcosanpRiA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord. — Rosace. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 8—9 partitus. Pet. 8—9. Caryopsides plurime,
stylis plumosis coronate. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Drras* Drummondii ; foliis ellipticis basi subattenuatis in-
ciso-crenatis subtus scapoque niyveo-tomentosis, calycis
segmentis ovatis (petalis luteis). |

Dryas Drummondii. Richardson’s MSS. _-

Drvas chamedrifolia. Richards. in Frankl. Journ. App.
p. TAO. (nec aliorum).

Descr. Stems short, woody, simple or divided, the lower
part rough with the remains of the old leaf-stalks and
Stipules, above principally leafy. Leaves petioled, cori-
aceous, elliptical, more rarely obovate, inciso-crenate, the
margin slightly revolute, the base acute or somewhat at-
tenuated, and there often more deeply crenate, dark green
above, with a distinct mid-rib, and deep lateral vems, which,
if traced carefully, will be found each to be directed to
the marginal teeth ; beneath, covered with a down of the
most beautiful snowy whiteness, so as entirely to conceal

the veins, and in a great measure the mid-rib. ee as
. ong
: be)

* From dyus, an oak, owing to a fancied similarity between the foliage of
that tree, and of Dryas. ; ’

long as, or longer than the leaves, reddish, slightly downy,
_ with a pair of subulate stipules at the base. Scape termi-
nal, solitary, three to four inches high, much lengthened in
fruit, bearing generally a small subulate bractea, and clothed
with the same almost dazzling white down as the under-
side of the leaves, and terminated by a single large flower.
Calyx of seven to nine deep, ovate, somewhat membrana-
ceous segments; on the back, but not at the margins, densely
covered with coarse, purple, glandular, and viscid hairs ;
within, at the base, silky. Petals equal in number with the
calycine segments, broadly elliptical, with a short claw, ob-
scurely veined, yellow. Filaments, Germen, and Styles,
hairy. _ Caryopsides narrow, obovate, terminated by the
very elongated, feathery style or awn. Stigma a little in-
crassated.

This beautiful species of Dryas was discovered by Dr.
Ricuarpson, during Sir Joun Franxuin’s first journey in the
woody country of North America, between lat. 54° and 64°;
but the fruit only having been seen, it was considered to be
the same as the D. octopetala, ( chamedrifolia of Pursu,) and
as such is mentioned in the Botanical Appendix to FRranx-
uin’s Journal. On the second expedition it was found both
by Dr. Ricuarpson and Mr. Drummonp in flower, and in
great perfection, upon gravelly parts of rivers in the Rocky
Mountains, and about Slave Lake, and showed itself, in
the colour of the flower, the shape of the calycine segments
and foliage, and the remarkable snowy whiteness of the
down, to be quite distinct both from D. octopetala and D.
imlegrifolia. It has been Dr. Ricuarpson’s wish that it
should bear the name of the indefatigable and meritorious
Assistant Naturalist of the expedition, Mr. Tuomas Drum-
mond. Seeds were brought over to this country, which
have vegetated, and the plants are flourishing in several
gardens, though they have not yet blossomed. Our draw-
ing, therefore, has been in part taken from the cultivated
plant, and in part from well dried specimens.

Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Stamens. 3, Pistil. 4. Caryopsis—Magnified.

2974

: 4
RLEdelt ° Lub by Sbartis Walworth Mex? LIC Svante
ef

(2973)

PRIMULA MISTASSINICA. Lesser AMERICAN
Birp ’s-EYE PRIMROSE.

EEK EK EEE EEE EE EERE EE
3 Class and Order.

Penranpeia Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Primvutacez. Juss. )

Generic Character.

Flores subumbellati, involucrati. Cal. tubulosus, 5-fidus
s. 5-dentatus, persistens. Cor. tubulosa, fauce vel nuda
vel glandulosa, limbo 5-lobo. Caps. apice 10-dentata,
polysperma. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Primvia* mistassinica ; foliis obovato-spathulatis dentatis

subtus scapo calyceque farinosis, involucri foliolis basi

. gibbosis, corolla laciniis subcuneatis emarginatis tubo
subdimidio brevioribus.

Primvuta mistassinica. Mich. Fl. Bor. Am. v. 1. p. 124.
Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. v. \. p. 137, Lehm. Prim. p.
63.¢.7. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 576. Cham, et

| Schlecht. in Linnea, v. 1. p. 213.

Prrmvuza pusilla. Goldie in Edin. Phil. Journ. v. 6. p. 322,
t. 11. f, 22. Hook. Exot. Fl. 0. 1. t. 68. Richardson
in Frankl. Journ. ed 2. p.21. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v.
2.p.575. Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 2d Ser. t. 5.

eee

Descr. Root perennial, fibrous. Leaves spreading, one
to two, or two and a half inches long, obovato-spathulate,
tapering into a foot-stalk, the broad part irregularly sagpee

eecints

* So called from its early appearance in the Spring.

pale-green above, and naked beneath, but, especially in the
younger leaves, mealy ; for the mealiness generally disap-
pears in the old leaves. Scape varying much in length,
from two to four or six inches, naked above, mealy. Um-
bel of from two to eight or ten flowers. Leaves of the
involucre broadly subulate, gibbous below, mealy, as are the
pedicels. Calyx ovato-cylindrical, with five blunt teeth,
and as many ribs, mealy between the ribs. Tube of the
corolla yellow, not much exceeding the calyx, the limb of
five, spreading, almost cuneate and emarginate segments,
the mouth yellow, with five short, yellow glands. Stamens
included. Germen globose, green. Style rather shorter
than the tube of the corolla, green. Stigma globose, yellow.
Capsule cylindrical, half as long again as the calyx, burst-
ing with retuse, upright teeth.

When I published the present species under thé name of
P. pusilla, 1 was doubtful whether it might not be the P.
mistassinica of Micnaux, a species, indeed, very cursorily
described by that author, and figured with ripe fruit only
by the excellent Leaman. Now that I possess fructified
specimens, I find them very nearly indeed to resemble
Leuman’s figure; and it is certainly the species which
Cuamisso gathered for the true mistassinica, and has de-
scribed as such, as I have ascertained by a comparison with
individuals received from him. It is nearly allied to P.
Jarinosa and P. scotica, differing from both in the more
spathulate and less mealy leaves. The leaves of the invo-.
lucre I find to be nearly the same in all three.

P. mistassinica inhabits North America from Canada as
high as the Arctic Circle, and across to the North Western
shores of that vast continent. Seeds have been distributed
by Dr. Ricnarpson and Mr. Drummonp on their return
from the second Land Arctic Expedition, and the plant is
now in Mr. Nietx’s, and the Botanical Gardens of Edin-
burgh and Glasgow, and doubtless in many other collections.
It flowered in July.

nein

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil. 3. Involucre. 4, Capsule. 5, Single Cap-
sule,—All but fig. 4 more or less Magnified.

2974.

Swan

Lub by S Cartes, Walwcrth Maa? 1150

( 2974 )
CESTRUM BRACTEATUM. BRACTEATED
CESTRUM.

SHER
Class and Order.

PentanpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord. — Sotanes. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubuloso-campanulatus, 5-dentatus. Cor. infundi-—
buliformis, limbo plicato, 5-fido. Stam. tubo inserta, sub-
denticulata. Bacca 1-locularis, polysperma.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Cestrum bracteatum ; filamentis basi barbatis, foliis lance-
olatis undatis pubescentibus, stipulis oblique cordato-
reniformibus, bracteis spathaceis, floribus fasciculatis.

Crestrum bracteatum. Link.

Descr. Stem woody, rough. Branches covered with
dense, ereenish tomentum, which withers and remains long
attached. Leaves scattered, light-green, stalked, spreading,
lanceolate, strongly veined, waved or crisped, covered with

arsh pubescence on both sides, the middle rib and veins
Projecting much on the under-side, the former above also.
Petiole erect, grooved above, pubescent, purple before
ing, about a sixth of the length of the leat. Stipules
geminate, varying in size, the largest upwards, broadly
falcate or kidne -shaped, horizontal and bending round the
branch, more glabrous than the leaves. Peduncles about
an inch long, axillary and terminal, generally about twice
as long as the petioles, slightly flattened and dilated to-
wards the flowers, nodding. Pedicels very short, stout,
straight, slightly pubescent. Flowers fascicled, of a uniform
pale yellow. ractee single at the base of each flower,
with the exception of the central one, spatha-like, appressed,
: oo acuminate

acuminate, and coloured like the flower, pubescent. Cal.
about as long as the pedicel, pubescent within and without,
nearly cylindrical, with five strongly projecting ribs on the
outside, leading to five slightly connivent acute teeth.
Corolla inferior, hypocrateriform, pubescent without, smooth
within ; tube nearly an inch long, dilated a little upwards,
and contracted at the throat: limb five-cleft, segments
ovate, acute, spreading at right angles to the tube, each
with two strong ribs projecting behind. Stamens, five:
Jilaments inserted immediately above the middle of the tube,
each having a tuft of matted hairs projecting from the
inside at their base, above this straight and smooth, nearly
reaching to the faux. Anthers bilobular, short, connivent,
bursting laterally : pollen yellowish-white. Stigma sap-
green, nearly round, but flattened a little at the top, raised
above the anthers, and projected into the faux. Style
three-quarters of an inch long, nearly colourless, filiform.
Germen roundish or obovate, smooth, yellowish-green, ob-
scurely furrowed, seated on a small yellow disk. Ovules
numerous, obovate. GRAHAM.

This plant was received by Dr. Granam, under the
name here adopted, from the Botanic Garden of Berlin, in
June, 1828; but from what country was not stated, pro-
bably Brazil. 1t blossomed in the stove of the Edinburgh
Botanic Garden, in December, 1829. There was a suc-
. cession of flowers which continued to expand for a length

of time, and were rather ornamental.

Fig. 1. Flower and Bractea. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil, 4, Calyx. 5. Pistil,
with its Gland at the base.—Magnified.

WaIkdaS Pub, by §. Curtis, Walworth. MaPTLI30 Sates?

€ 2975 )

VERONICA ALPINA, var. WorMSKIOLDI.
ALPINE SPEEDWELL, WorMSKIOLD’s var.

KKK KEKE KKK EKE EKER ERE
Class and Order.

DianpriA Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—ScropHuLarineEz. )

Generic Character.

Cor. A-fida, rotata, lacinia infima angustiore. Caps. 2-
locularis, apice emarginata.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Veronica* alpina; racemo, terminali dense corymboso, foliis
ovato-ellipticis serratis, calyce bracteisque ciliatis,
capsula obovata emarginata stylo + longiore.

VERONICA alpina. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 15. Willd. Sp. Pl. v.
1. p.63. Engl. Bot. t.484. Fl. Dan. t. 16. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 72. . el

Var. Wi ormskioldii, elatior, simplex, foliis multo majoribus,
calyce capsulaque glanduloso-hirsutissimis. V. alpina,
var. Unalaschkensis. Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea,
v. 2. p. 556. V. alpina, var.? Fl. Dan. t. 1961. V.
Wormskioldii, Roem. et Sch. v. 1. p. 101. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 72. | |

en

Descr. (Of var. Wormskioldii). Root (apparently ) an-
nual or biennial, small, throwing out few fibres. Stem a
pan high, quite simple in our specimens, declined at the

e, there erect, rigid, stout, terete, downy. Leaves op-
posite, almost exactly ovate, sessile, obtuse, dark-green,

securely serrated, glabrous; the upper and smaller ones
2 alone

=

* A name of dubious origin.

alone very slightly hairy, and principally at the margin and
base. Flowers upon the leafless extremity of the stem, thus
as it were peduncled, ina compact corymb, which eventually
lengthens out into a short, fructified spike or raceme.
Bractee \inear, subulate, nearly as long as the flower.
Calyx deeply four-partite; its segments lanceolate, and as
well as the bractee, short pedicels and peduncle, clothed
with purple hairs, which are often terminated by glands.
Corolla with a rather long and broad tube, so as to be
almost funnel-shaped, nearly white: limb of four spreading,
purplish-blue, obtuse segments, marked with deeper veins.
Stamens two. Anthers blue. Capsule oblongo-obcordate,
thickly clothed with purple hairs, which are mostly, not
always, glandular, and tipped with the capitate style, which
is about one third of its length.

At the first aspect of the Veronica here figured, there are
few Botanists, I believe, who would think of referring it to
the rare but humble V. alpina of our Scottish mountains,
nor was it till after a careful comparison of many specimens
in company with my friend Dr. Grauam, that I could be
satisfied of its identity. I have long known the plant as
a native of Greenland ; especially from specimens that have
been communicated to me at various times, by Professor
Horneman of Copenhagen, who though aware of its being
the Wormskioldii of Rommer and Scuuttes, yet hesitated
about considering it a species. CHamisso met with it at
Unalaschka, and described it as his var. Unalaschkensis of
A. alpina. Mr. Drummonp gathered it in considerable
plenty on moist alpine prairies on the Rocky Mountains,
and from his seeds, plants have been raised both in the
Edinburgh and Glasgow Botanic Gardens. The drawing
here given was made by Mr. James Macnas. I. possess
the same plant from Labrador, gathered by the late Mr.
Morrison.

Fig. 1, Corolla, 2, Fruit.—Magnified,

Pub. by §.Curtis, Walworth, April LLS30.

( 2976 )

BignoniA TecFaint&. Mrs. TEevrair’s
BIGNONIA.

Class and Order.

DipynaMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Bienontace2. )

Generic Character.

Cal. campanulatus, integerrimus, repandus vel subdenta-
tus. Cor. campanulata, limbo bilabiato, 5-lobo. Filamen-
tum 5 sterile. Stigma bilamellatum. Capsula silique-
formis, bilocularis, dissepimento valvis parallelo. Semina
transversa, biseriata, membranaceo-alata, Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Bignonra * Telfairie ; arborea, foliis oppositis pinnatis 6—9
- jugis cum impari, foliolis ovato-oblongis acuminatis
lucidis, panicula terminali laxa, siliquis teretibus acu-
minatis carnosis, seminibus lato-alatis. Bojer MSS,
Bienonia Telfairia. Bojer MSS.

Descr. A densely leafy tree, having an_ erect trunk,
from fifteen to twenty feet high, clothed with a smooth
greyish bark. Branches below alternate, horizontal, round-

» whitish ; upper ones patent, subcompressed, mostly
opposite, thickened at the joints, green, glabrous, spotted
with white. Leaves opposite, pinuated, of from six to nine
pairs of pinne, with a terminal, odd leaflet; the lower ones
pe patent, even recurved ; upper ones nearly erect: Pinne
or leaflets, opposite, ovato-oblong, acuminate, entire, on
Yery short petioles, patent, coriaceous, dark green, shin-
ing above and somewhat viscid, paler beneath, the nerves
Prominent on both sides. Rachis or main-stalk grooved

above, remarkably swollen at the base, where it is dis-
tinctly

—— —

* In honor of the Abbé Joun Pavt Bienoy, a friend of TouRNEFORT,
who dedicated it to him,

tinctly jointed upon.the stem or branch, and jointed also at
the insertion of the leaflets. Panicles terminal, its peduncles
opposite or whorled, spreading. Flowers horizontal or
drooping, large, of a most delicate rose colour. Calyx bell-
shaped, somewhat inflated, with short, acute teeth, green
tinged with purple, persistent. Tube of the corolla an inch
and a half long, inflated upwards, contracted at the base,
with deeper rose-coloured striz and plaited, glabrous ;
limb 5-fid, the lobes spreading, unequal, the lower one the
largest, all of them rounded and crenato-fimbriated at the
‘margin within; the corolla has three longitudinal, yellow
stripes on the lower side. Stamens inserted at the base of
the corolla: filaments curved: anthers yellow. Germen
pyramidal, glabrous: Style filiform, longer than the tube :
Stigma two-lobed. Fruit or siliqua three inches long,
rounded, fleshy, acuminate, of two valves, many-seeded :
Dissepiment spongy, bearing many seeds, which are sur-
rounded by a thin and broad pellucid membrane. Bojer.
This charming Bignonta is a native of temperate and moun-
tainous regions, in the island of Madagascar, and in the province
of Angove, where it flowers from February to April, and_is
known to the inhabitants by the name of Vooa Kidzi-Kidzi-Ka.
During the six years that Professor Boser devoted to the inves-
tigation of the Botanical riches of Madagascar and the neigh-
bouring islands and continent of Africa, no plant possessed greater
charms, in his estimation, than the subject now before us. The
inhabitants too, of the Province of Emirna particularly, cultivate
it with great ardour, and to a considerable extent, no less on
account of the beauty of its blossoms, than for the sake of its
fleshy fruit, which has a very agreeable flavour, and is highly
et as an esculent. It is no wonder, then, that M. Boser
as selected this individual to bear the name of Mrs. CHartes
Texrair of the Mauritius, in testimony of his high respect for
her many virtues and accomplishments, and in acknowledgment
of the services rendered by her to Botany in many ways, but in
none more than by her happy talent in the delineation of plants.
For the drawing here represented, made on the spot and from
native specimens, and for the whole of the above description, Lam
indebted to Professor Boser. Iam not aware that the plant, so
truly deserving of cultivation with us, has yet been introduced to
eur dens. But of this we are sure, that if it be in the power

of Mr. Texratr or M. Boser, to transmit living plants or seeds,
it will be done.

~ Fhave erred in my account of Brenonta Colei, t. 2817, in saying it was
discovered by Prof. Boser. It was found in the forests first by his Excel-
lency Sir G. Lowry Coxe himself, who indicated the station to M. Boss.

—*

Fig. 1. Fruit, nat, size. 2. Seed, ditto.

2977.

WIKdel? Pub, by S Curtis Walworth dprit. LH se

( 2977 )
GILIA PUNGENS. SHARP-LEAVED GILIA.

EKER EEE EEE EE EEE EE EE
Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—Potemoniscez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. campanulatus, 5-fidus. Cor. infundibuliformis vel
hypocrateriformis, quinquefida. Stam. fauciinserta. Stig-
ma trifidum. Capsula trilocularis, 3-valvis, loculis mono-
di- polyspermis.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Gina pungens ; pubescenti-glandulosa, foliis bracteisque
pinnatifidis, laciniis incisis subulatis pungentibus, flo-
ribus glomeratis. :

Gia pungens. Douglas MSS.

Glee

Descr. Annual. Stem much branched, somewhat an-
gular, zigzag, clothed, as are the leaves and calyces, with
glandular, viscid hairs, emitting a powerful and disagree-
able smell, which induced its discoverer at one time to
name the species fetida, and which he compares to that of
Diosma pulchella. Leaves few, mostly at the forking of the

ranches, an inch and a half to two inches long, deeply
Pinnatifid, with laciniated segments, all of which are sharply
acuminated and pungent. Flowers collected into rather
arge, dense glomeruli or heads, sessile or peduncled,

ving beneath them patent bractez, resembling the leaves,
€xcept that they are smaller; the inner ones of the head
radually become more simple. Calyx almost funnel-
shaped, longer than the corolla, cleft nearly to the base
Mto five, subulate, dark. green, viscid segments. Corolla
Ypocrateriform : the tube, however, a little swelling up-

Wards, glabrous, almost white ; the limb apreading

five, ovate, pale blue (sometimes white, according to Mr.
Dovetas) segments. Stamens inserted above the middle
of the tube, and entirely included. Anthers broadly oval,
two-lobed. Pustil: Germen oval, green, evidently con-
taining many ovules; Style filiform, white, scarcely so
long as the tube ; Stigmas three, slender, linear, recurved,
downy.

Ginininicniod by the Horticultural Society of London,
by whom it was raised from seeds brought by Mr. Davin
Dovetas. He discovered this curious plant on moist ground
in mountain valleys, near the sources of the Multnomack
river, one of the Southern branches of the Columbia, in
North West America. It flowers in England in the open
border, during the month of July.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3, Pistil—Magnified.

RAAdee Fak oy arts, Nalworth. April LI85O.,

*

( 2978 )

“4 *

GONGORA VIRIDI-PURPUREA. GREENISH-
PURPLE GONGORA.

REE KEE EE EEE EEE EEK EK
Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuiwez. )

Generic Character.

Petala 3 exteriora patentissima, 2 interiora minora. Co-
lumna elongata. Labellum pedicellatum, varie appendicu-
latum. Masse Pollinis due, pedicellate.

Specific Name.

Goncora * viridi-purpurea; petalis insertione subaequali-
bus, labello longe pedicellato elongato basi bipartito,
laciniis subulatis.

=e

Descr. Parasitic. Bulbs oblong, somewhat clustered,
and partially clothed with a lacerated, membranous coat ;
_ Dearing at the extremity a lanceolate, acuminated leaf,
attenuated at the base, having three principal, and several
less evident, parallel longitudinal nerves. Scapes three or
our, a span long, terete, green, slender, arising from the
base of the bulbs, and, in the cultivated state at least,
Pendent, hanging down over the side of the pot in which it
8 planted : these scapes bear a raceme of several flowers at

€ extremity : each flower having at its base a small,

duous braciea. Three outer Petals lanceolate, upper
(or that which is usually the upper one, but a a
: owes

Sage cn

*

dova, who encouraged the botanical researches of the celebrated Muris, in

uth America.

So named in honor of ANtonro CaBaLiERo ¥ Goncora, Bishop of Cor-

lowest) reflexed or even revolute, two lateral ones very
patent, all of them greenish without, spotted with deep
purple within : two inner ones dingy purple, narrow, lan-
ceolate, with a rather curved claw, at length patent. Lip
ascending, linear-lanceolate, thick and fleshy, attenuated at
its upper extremity, and obliquely notched, the lower half bi-
partite, the segments subulate, pointing towards the centre
of the flower ; stipes or peduncle inserted at the back of the
lip, curved, slender. Colwmn club-shaped, a little curved,
so that its summit meets the centre of the upper side of the
lip, purple. Anther-case oblongo-hemispherical, obscurely
two-celled, attached to the back of the top of the column
by a slender ligament, and by means of which, after the
anther is separated from the top of the stigma, it is often
suspended. Pollen of two pale-yellow, oblong masses, at-
tenuated at the base, where they are attached to a short,
deep Xeuen stalk, at the base of which is a flat, waxy
Stand. :
Communicated with a drawing from the rich collection
of Aigburgh, by the kindness of Mrs. Arnorp Harrison.
It was gathered in woods, above Botafogo Bay, Brazil, by
the brother of that lady, Henry Harrison, Esq. It flow-
ered in June, 1829.

Whatever opinion may be entertained concerning the
Genus of Goneora speciosa of this work, t. 2755, there can
be none respecting this plant, which in the general struc-
ture of its flowers exhibits the greatest similarity with those
of Ruiz and Pavon’s Goneora, and with the G. atropur-
purea, figured in Exotic Flora, tab. 178. .The general
appearance of the Cymprprum dependens, Bot. Cab. t. 936,
is very similar to this plant ; but there, the colour of the
centre of the flower especially, is widely different, and of
its structure I have no means of judging. It is, however;
considered to be a native of China.

eo

A, Plant, from which the pendent Scape, B, has been removed. Fig. 1-
Back view of a Flower, and 2, Side view uf ditto. 3. Flower from which the
three outer Petals have been removed. 4. Column and Lip. 5. Columm
6. Back view of an Anther-Case. 7. Internal view of ditto. 8. Pollen Mass-
9. Summit of the Column, from which the Anther has fallen,— Magnified.

2979.

W: SH. delt Pub.by §.Curtis, Walwerth:Aprit 11830 Wa

( 2979 )
-POLEMONIUM PULCHERRIMUM. Bricut-
FLOWERED JAcoB’s LADDER.

So oe oe as On oe Os Os Os Os Dn
Class and Order.

PentanpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.— Po LemoniAceEz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus. Cor. rotata. Filamenta
basi dilatata, pilosa, Capsula subrotunda, 3-locularis,

polysperma.
Specific Character.

Potemonium * pulcherrimum ; caulibus pluribus adscen*
dentibus foliosis calyceque pubescentibus, foliolis ova-
tis glabris, paniculis subcorymbosis, corolla segmentis
ovalibus subacutis.

Descr. Root perennial, slender, subfusiform, much at-
tenuated, throwing out many fibres and entering deep into
the earth. Stems scarcely a span high, several from the
Same root, at the base more or less decumbent, then erect,
herbaceous, downy, branched upwards, bearing few leaves.
Leaves, with a faint smell of musk, mostly radical, spread-
ing, pinnated, with several small, mostly alternate, rather
distant, ovate, obtuse, entire leaflets, which are quite gla-
brous: the rachis a little downy, especially near the base:
Upper leaves gradually smaller, and with fewer leaflets.

lowers in small, terminal corymbs, drooping before ex-
Pansion, then erect. Calyx campanulate, with five broad

Segments or teeth, downy. Corolla between rotate and
— i eee -campanulate :

* : . “s ; :
: From woazuos, war. It is said the discovery of its supposed properties,
Ccasioned a war between two kings.

campanulate : the twbe short, yellow both within and with-
out, as is the margin of the mouth : limb spreading, of five
oval, even, somewhat acute, faintly striated segments, of a
most beautiful and vivid purplish-blue. Filaments much
protruded, white, dilated, yellow and hairy at the base.
Anthers large, roundish, nearly white. Style also protruded.
Stigmas often only two.

This is a most desirable addition to our gardens, for
which we are indebted to Mr. Drummonp, who gathered it
on the highest of the Rocky Mountains, where it is rare,
and varied with white flowers. It is perfectly hardy, easily
cultivated, flowering during the month of July, and bearing
a profusion of blossoms of a much richer colour than any
hitherto known species of the Genus.

In size it comes nearest to P. Richardsoni*, (Bot. Mag.
t. 2800,) but is more tufted in its growth, having smaller
and shorter leaflets, numerous and ascending stems, much
smaller and differently coloured flowers with their segments
greatly narrower and truly oval. There is no question but
it will soon become general in our gardens. The bright

colour of the blossoms is retained long after the plant
is dried.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Calyx, including the Pistil—More or
less magnified.

* Since that Species was published, I haye received from Dr. Fiscner the
same plant, marked P. speciosum, Fiscner, MSS., gathered by LanesporFr
in the islands of St. Paul and St. Lawrence :—and again I have another spe-
cies from the same liberal friend, a native of Kamtschatka, marked “ P.
lanatum,” which I can only distinguish from P. Richardsoni, by its more
downy leaves. P. moschatum, Wormsxioutn'’s MSS., in my Herbarium, I
am disposed to refer also to P. Richardsoni.

2980,

Sua So

Pub by Curtis Walworth April L. TGC

WIE del*

( 2980 )
EPIDENDRUM PALLIDIFLORUM. PALE-
FLOWERED EPIDENDRUM.

KEKE KEKE EEE EEE EEE EK
Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA MonANDRIA.

Generic Character.

Columna cum ungue labelli longitudinaliter connata in
tubum (quandoque decurrentem ovarium). Masse pollinis
4, parallele, septis completis persistentibus distincte, basi
filo granulato elastico aucte. Br.

Specific Character.

Eripenprum pallidiflorum ; caule simplici paucifolio, foliis
distichis lineari-oblongis obtusis, floribus in corymbo
pedunculato terminali,-petalis obovato-lanceolatis pa-
tentibus planis, labello trilobo, lobis equalibus inter-
medio marginibus involutis.

Stee

Drscr. Parasitic. Roots fibrous, thick, fleshy, pale
brownish, almost white. Stem about a span high, rounded
at the base and scarcely compressed upward. Leaves four to
five, distichous, sheathing at the base, linear-oblong, cori-
aceous, nerveless, obtuse, generally slightly twisted, pale-
green. Peduncle terminal, compressed, with two or three
laterally compressed bractee. Flowers several in a loose
corymb. Petals nearly equal, spreading, obovato-lanceo-
late, plane, somewhat fleshy, white, greenish at the tips.

olumn semicylindrical, white, rose-purple at the extremity,
low combined with the lower half of the lip, whose extre-
mity only is free, three-lobed, pure white, the lobes equal,
two lateral ones plane, very obtuse, the intermediate one
With the margins involute, so as to give the appearance of
its being acute. Anther pale purple. Pollen-masses in two

Pairs, oval, yellow, with stalks about as long as maar
n

Sent with many other rare tropical Orchideous plants,
by the Rev. Lanspown Guitpine, to the Glasgow Botanic
Garden ; where, treated like the rest of the parasitical
Orchidez, it flowered in May, 1829. In habit it resembles
E. fuscatum, but the flowers are very different in size,
color, and especially in the form of the lip.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pollen-Masses.—Magnified.

2981.

i . a Cy" mle
WI. het Pub by J. Curtis Walworth April LIWEC. saetecs

( 2981 )

Lantana Sevtoviana. Mr. SELLow’s
LANTANA. |

SHEESH eisiakikektek
Class and Order.

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—VERBENACEZ. )

Generic Character.

_ Cal. brevissimus, obsolete dentatus. Cor. tubulosa,
limbo inequaliter bilobo. Stam. inclusa. Drupa baccata,
1-pyrena, pyrene 2-loculari, 2-spermo, rima loculis in-
terposita. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Lantana* Selloviana ; foliis subsessilibus (petiolatisve)
ovatis acutis rugosis piloso-scabris, capitulis subglo-
ssn involucris cordatis capitulo minoribus. Link et

tto.

Lantana Selloviana. Link et Otto. Ic. Pl. Sel. v. 1. p.
107. ¢. 50.

Lippra oO Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 4. P. HI
p- 231.

aiiiaieie

Descr. Stem, in our plant, twiggy, slender, branched,
procumbent, pubescent. Leaves opposite, ovate, somewhat
pointed, on petioles less than half their own length, cre-
hato-serrated, pubescent on both sides, wrinkled, middle-
rib and veins prominent behind; veins oblique, branching
only towards the edge of the leaf, but connected by small

transverse, secondary veins. Peduncles (two and a half
inches

Pe ne nD
c~._Cl

ce From lento, to bind, a name formerly applied to a species of VipuRNUM,
With which these plants somewhat agree in habit.

inches long,) axillary, opposite, pubescent. Flowers in
flattish capitula. Bractee ovate, imbricated, pubescent.
Calyx minute, 4-toothed, hairy. Corolla bright purplish-
red, pubescent, paler on the outside. Tube (three lines
long,) dilated in its middle, yellowish at its base. Limb
spreading, scarcely half the length of the tube, four-lobed ;
lobes blunt or emarginate, the upper one the longest, the
two side-lobes the smallest and equal. Stamens reaching
to about the middle of the tube.

A plant of this exceedingly pretty species, was received
from Berlin, at the Edinburgh Garden, last year. It
flowered in the stove in the months of December and Jan-
uary. The seeds had been received by M. Orro, from
Montevideo, in 1822, having been gathered by the Prus-
sian Botanist, M. Settow. There is, perhaps, no species
more deserving of cultivation. Granam.

Fig. 1. Flower and Bractea. 2. Portion of the Tube to show the Stamens.
3. Pistil.— Magnified.

2982.

UIE adel! Pub by S Curtis Walworth, dpril L850

( 2982 )
PoTENTILLA NIVEA, V7. MACROPHYLLA.
Snowy Cinque-FolL, large-leaved var.

Class and Order. |

IcosanpRIA PoLyGyYNIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Rosacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. decemfidus, segmentis alternis minoribus. Petala
Pericarpia receptaculo sicco affixa.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

PorentiLia nivea ; foliis ternatis, foliolis ovalibus profunde
grosseque serratis villosis subtusque precipue ubi
caudicantibus, caulibus paucifloris, petalis obcordatis
calyce longioribus.

Porentinta nivea. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 115. Willd. Sp. Pl.
v. 2. p. 1109. Pursh Fl. Am. Sept. v. 1. p. 353.
Lehm. Pot. p. 184. Nestl. Pot. p. 74. Fl. Dan. t.
1035 (excellent). Brown in Parry’s \st Voy. App. P.
277. Richards. in Frankl. \st Journ. App. ed. 2. p. 20.
Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnea v. 2. p. 21.

Var. macrophylla; foliis majoribus subtus niveo-tomentosis,
floribus minoribus. ‘T'as. 2982.

Wines
a

Descr. of the var. macrophylla. Root fusiform, long,
fibrous. Leaves alinost all of them radical, petiolate, ter-
nate. Leaflets an inch and a half to two inches or more
long, intermediate one the largest, oval or oval oblong,
cuneate and entire at the base, the rest cut into very deep
and large ovate or oblong acute teeth, two lateral ones
broadly ovate, rounded at the base in the lower margin,
above oblique and entire, the rest with deep and large
teeth, above dark-green, even, with a few scattered white

airs most conspicuous at the margin, beneath aotied
wit

with a pure white down, giving the leaves a most beautiful
appearance. Petiole two to four or five inches long, downy.
Stipules adnate, subulate, brown. Stems erect, dichoto-
mous, but. not frequently divided; at the divisions of the
stems bearing a trifid or ternate bractea, below, rarely one
or two small petiolated leaves, slightly downy. Flowers
small, on long, slightly pubescent, very slender peduncles.
Calyx slightly hairy: five inner segments a little longer and
broader than the five outer ones, or bracteole. Petals
obcordate, about a fourth larger than the calyx.

PorenTILLA nivea is found on the more elevated moun-
tains of the South of Europe, and in all the Northern parts
of Europe, Asia, and America, extending North nearly
to the utmost limits of phenogamous vegetation. But
in these different countries it puts on very different ap-
pearances, varying extremely in the size of the plant, in
the relative dimensions of the foliage, in the nature and
quantity and colour of the pubescence, both above and
below the leaves, in the number and size of the flowers
upon the stalk, and in the magnitude of the petals. Lex-
“MAN has, I think, with much judgment, united with it the
P. betonicefolia of Nesturr ( Gmel. Sibir. v. 3. t. 37. f. 1.)
which has the leaves of our var. but the flowers twice the
size, and the leucophylla of Pattas. Brown seems dis-
posed to consider the P. Vahliana, Lrum. (the hirsuta FI.
Dan. t. 1390), the Jamesoniana of Grev. and the macran-
tha* of Leprgour as too nearly allied to, if not the same as
nivalis. Of these, the small Arctic one of Captain Parry’s .
Voyages, as well as from the highest summits of the Rocky
Mountains, scarcely three inches high, with its leaves silky
on both sides, and our present var. with its tall stem, large
leaves and small flowers, may be considered the opposite
extremes. In Mr. Drummonn’s rich collection may be.
seen all the intermediate gradations.

Our present plant was raised, along with many other
PorentTitiz, in the Glasgow Botanical Garden, from seeds
gathered in the prairies of the Rocky Mountains by Mr.
Drummonv. The plant flowered in May and June, in the
open ground, and is perfectly hardy.

Fig. 1. Flower.—Magnified.

* Cuamisso and Scurecntenpat add to this list, P. angustifolia of
Witz, and Lenm., and P. uniflora of Lepesour,

WIH det*®
Pub. by § curtis, Walworth, May. 11850) ao

( 2983 )

AMARYLLIS AULICA, var. platypetala, glauco-
phylla. GLAucous-LEAVED, Broap-
PETALED AMARYLLIS.

KARTE EEE EERE EEE EEE
Class and Order.

HexanpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—AMARYLLIDES. )

Generic. Character.

Cor. 6-partita, subregularis vel ringens, fauce nuda vel
squamis coronata. Stamina declinata vel recta. Caps.
trilocularis. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Amarytus* aulica ; biflora ringens, tubo subnullo, faucis
corona contracta triangulari, lacinia ima limbi inferne
involuta, staminibus declinatis inclusis. sated

(«.) stenopetala; perianthii laciniis tenui-acuminatis, tribus
exterioribus angustioribus, tubi corona distincta. Ker
in Bot. Reg. t. 444. i

(3.) platypetala ; perianthii laciniis obtusioribus, 5 superi-
oribus zqualibus multo latioribus, tubi corona dis-
atte A. aulica, B platypetala. Lindl. in Bot. Reg.

(y.) glaucophylla; perianthii laciniis obtusioribus 5 supe-

rioribus 2qualibus multo latioribus, tubi corona obso-

leta, foliis glaucescentibus. (Tas. 2983.)

Gua

The. name of Harrison, not as an individual, but as a
family, stands intimately connected with the Botany, and,

especially, the Horticulture of Great Britain. Among _
mos

Peas the Nymph, celebrated by Virerr, on account of the beauty of the
T's, Bees git

most successful cultivators in this country, will ever rank
Mrs. Arnotp Harrison and Ricuarp Harrison, Esq. of
Aigburgh, near Liverpool ; and the richness of their collec-
tions is mainly due to another of the family, Wiii1am Har-
Rison, Esq. of Rio ; whose country residence, in the Hatem
of the Organ Mountains, has given him facilities, of whic
he has had the zeal and the judgment to profit, for col-
lecting some of the most beautiful, plants that the richest
country of the tropics can boast. From that source, novel-
ties are continually arriving at the gardens of Aigburgh;
and amongst them, has lately been received the subject of
the present plate. I fear it must be considered as one of the
varieties of A. aulica, but so well marked, and so beautiful,
as almost to merit the rank of a species. It indubitably
approaches much nearer to the var. 8 of Bot. Reg. t. 1038,
than to the original species, t. 444 of the same work : but
differs in the splendour of its colour, which pencil cannot
imitate, in the lengthened green lines of each division of
the perianth, in the small size of the crown of the tube,
and in its glaucous leaves. I may mention, that at the
very time I received the beautiful flowering specimen here
figured from Mrs. Arnotp Harrison, bulbs of the same
variety were blossoming in our Glasgow Botanic Garden,
which had been presented to us from Brazil by — Pearson,
Esq., and their markings and colour were in every respect
the same,

©

S& Curtis. Walworth: Mar 116350

Lub.by

Wihdel®

( 2984 )
PorTENTILLA GRACILIS. TALL UPRIGHT
CINQUEFOIL.

LK KEE EEE EEE EKER EEEEE
Class and Order.

IcosanpRIA Potyeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Rosacea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 10-fidus, laciniis alternis minoribus. : Pet. 5. Cary-
opses nude, plurime, in receptaculo sicco, sepe piloso.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Porentizta gracilis; caule erecto elato superne corym-
boso-paniculato molliter hirsuto, foliis longe petiolatis
5-natis superioribus solummodo sessilibus, foliolis lan-
ceolatis profunde pinnatifido-serratis subtus albo-to-
mentosis, stipulis magnis lanceolatis, calyce sericeo

_ petalis obcordatis longiore. :

Porentiiia gracilis. Douglas MSS.

a

Descr. Root perennial, with many brown scales at its
summit, from which arises a stem, a foot to a foot and a
half high, rounded and slender in the wild specimens, more
robust when cultivated, every where clothed with rather
long, more or less patent, soft and silky hairs, paniculato-
Corymbose upwards. Leaves few upon the stem, the upper
ones sessile and ternate, the uppermost ones laciniated
and bracteiform, the rest, and especially the radical ones,
Upon long hairy stalks, quinate : the leaflets three to four
Mches long, cut into very deep pinnatifid segments or
Serratures, pointing upwards, varying somewhat in breadth,
dark Ss ghee above with a few scattered hairs, beneath

clothed with a dense, white, somewhat downy substance,
mixed

mixed with silky hairs. ‘The st¢pules are particularly large,
lanceolate, acuminate, hairy, especially at the margin and
beneath, where they are whitish. Flowers in the wild state
almost corymbose, in the cultivated plant paniculated, but
still nearly level-topped, peduncles forked, with generally
a single flower between the forks. Cal. of five broadly-
lanceolate, and five alternate, smaller, almost subulate
segments, all of them clothed with rather long and silky
— Petals broadly obcordate, wavy, longer than the
calyx.

This is a handsome, and, in our gardens, a strong-grow-
ing species of the Genus, but much better deserving the
name of gracilis, as seen on the banks of the Columbia and
the plains of the Multnomah rivers, where it was discover-
ed by Mr. Dovetas, than as it appears after cultivation. I
cannot refer it to any described species, nor does it appear to
have been gathered by any other Naturalist, except by Dr.
Scouter, who accompanied Mr. Dove.as as far as Fort
Vancouver ; unless it be the same as a Rocky Mountain
species, collected by Mr. Drummonp, as I suspect it will
prove to be.

The seeds were introduced to the Horticultural Society,
and the plants, from which the annexed figure was taken,
flowered there in the month of July, 1829.

——_———

Fig. |. A Panicle, with the upper part of the Stem. 2. An upper Stem-
pens 3. A radical Leaf, nat. size. 4. Petal, and 5. Calyx.—Slightly mag-
nified,

2985.

’ IR del® Suan 50

Pub. by 8 Curtis Walworth May L350

( 2985 )
Evroca FrANKLINU. CAPTAIN FRANKLIN'S
Evuroca.

DS i Se
Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Hyprornyutez. Br. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus, persistens. Cor. subcampanulata :
membranule tubi decem, per paria filamentis alternantes.
Stam. exserta. Stylus bifidus. Caps. polysperma, unilo-
cularis, bivalvis, valvis indivisis medio placentiferis. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Evroca* Franklinii; erecta, foliis pinnatifidis bipinnatifi-
disve, racemis secundis maultidoris aggregatis, stylo
glaberrimo, ovulis placente singule viginti plur ibus.

Evroca Franklinii. Br. in Frankl. 1st Journ. ed. 1. App.
p. 164. t. 27. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 1. p. 569.

a

Descr. Root annual, subfusiform, spore t fibrous.
Stem eight to ten inches high, hairy, wigs ranched.
wes alternate, two to three inches long, downy, Pi
hatifid, the segments linear-oblong, obtuse, those of the
_ foot, where they are crowded, often again pinnatifid or
-Incised, the uppermost ones or bractezx, with one or two
large laciniz, or entire. Flowers in racemes, arising from
the axils of the uppermost leaves or bractee, crowded at
esummit. Calyx deeply five-partite; the segments linear-

lanceolate, erect, hairy. Corolla subcampanulate, sain
spr ing,

—

Led J
pg ili i the number of its
flowers or ies. fertility, probably in consequence of the n

spreading, with five rounded, beautiful blue segments,
inclming to purple: tube nearly white, with three nerves
corresponding to each of the segments, each of these three
lateral nerves has a longitudinal plate or membrane, open-
ing towards the central nerve, and reaching to the bottom.
Stamens five, inserted at the base of the corolla. Filaments
reaching considerably beyond the tube, white, with spread-
ing hairs. Anthers oblong, reddish. Germen ovate, hairy,
ene-celled, but from two opposite sides there projects a
parietal, longitudinal receptacle, which thickens as it pro-
jects into the centre of the capsule, where the two almost
meet and bear many ovules.

This interesting plant, discovered by Dr. Ricuarpson,
during the first over-land arctic expedition, growing abund-
antly amongst trees that had been destroyed by fire, on the
banks of the Missinippi, was named by Mr. Brown in honor
of the commander of that enterprize; and one of the most
distinguished men of the present century. It must now
have become general in our gardens, for seeds have been
distributed to various gardens, the result of the second
journey*, where they have succeeded, as a hardy plant,
and where they recommend themselves by the bright colour,
and profusion of their blossoms, a good deal resembling
those of a Potemonium. |Our drawing was made from

plants of the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where they flowered
in June.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Portion of the Corolla, to show two of the Lamelle
of the Tube, with a Stamen. 3. Stamen. 4. Pistil. 5. Section of the Pistil.
—Magnified.

* Mr. Drummonp found it growing also in burnt woods, in the country
extending from the Grand Rapid to the Rocky Mountains.

; swan Je
WIE. det? Pub by §. Curtis Walworth: May. LI850.

( 2986 )
Crocus Aureus. GoxpEen Crocus.

KEKE KEE EEK
Class and Order.

TRIANDRIA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Ininzz. )

Generic Character.

— Cor. tubo longissimo, limbo regulari, 6-partito. Stam.
corolle inserta. Stigmata 3, dilatata, serrulata aut incisa.
Caps. 3-locularis. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Crocus* aureus ; biflorus, staminibus stigmata superantibus,
filamentis glabris, corolla laciniis oblongis incurvato-
patentibus (unicoloribus), bulbo fibris compactis trun-
cato.

Crocus aureus. « Sm. Prod. Fl. Gr. v. 1. p. 2. — FI.
Onec..v. 1p, 2b:%:40,. i 3 ;

Crocus lageneeflorus. Haw. in Hort. Soc. Tr. v. 1. p. 135.
y: Salish. Parad. Lond. t. 106.” :

eee

Descr. Bulb moderately large, coated with a compact
mass of numerous short, parallel fibres. Foliage and tubes
of the flowers surrounded for a greater part of their length
with large, sheathing, circumvolute scales, of a whitish
colour, tinged at the upper part with brown, and of so firm
@ texture, that the former year’s scales remain, torn and
ged, but of a dark brown colour, around the newly
formed ones. Leaves, at the time of flowering, protruded
for one third of their length beyond the sheathing scales,
Mear-acuminate, erecto-patent. Flowers rather small,
| ig always

on ne

= “pom, & thread, or filament, from the appearance of the saffron of the

» Which is the dried stigmas of C. sativus.

always two from the same root; their pale and slender tubes
about as long as the leaves; the limb of a rich, uniform,
golden colour within and without, free from any stain or
stripe, cut into six deep divisions, which, in sunny weather,
are patent, but slightly incurved, concave, oblong, obtuse.
Mouth of the tube naked, just above which the three pale-
yellow stamens are inserted. These are erect: the jfila-
ments glabrous: the anther linear-oblong, obtuse or even
notched, sagittate at the base. Stigmas pale, considerably
shorter than the stamens, nearly equal to each other in
height, compressed, dilated upwards, and jagged at the
extremity.

The Crocuses are certainly amongst the most admired of
our garden plants; the variety and beauty of their blos-
soms, and their appearance at an early season of the year,
at a period when “ Winter still lingers in the lap of
Spring,” combine to render them universal favourites. Yet
there are few plants more imperfectly characterized by
authors than the individuals of the Genus in question : their
names are undergoing perpetual changes, and scarcely any
two Botanists are agreed as to what should constitute a
species, and what.a variety. Such is the case with the one
now before us. It is cultivated in our gardens as the
aureus of Smitu, and it truly deserves the name, for it is
the richest of all the yellow Crocuses I am acquainted
with. But this has been referred by Mr. Haworru to the
C. lageneflorus of Sarispury, and by Roemer and ScuuttEs
and Sprencex to the C. luteus of Lamarck, (the C. vernus,
Curr. in Bot. Mag. t. 45,) along with the C. mesiacus of
Ker, (Bot. Mag. t. 1111). To me it appears distinct,
having a peculiar neatness and elegance in the shape of its
blossoms. Besides being cultivated in gardens, it appears
annually in the grounds of. the park of Sir Cuartes Bun-
Bury, at Barton, near Bury, along with C. minimus (C. re
éiculatus of Smrrn’s Eng. Fl.) Beautiful specimens have
been kindly communicated from that station, by W-
Curisty, Jun. Esq., which were procured by N. S. Hopsoy,
Esq. of Bury St. Edmonds, and others by Rosrrt Beva®,
Esq. of the same place: and from those specimens ou!
drawings were made. The old, ragged, long scales sur
rounding the new plant, were remarkable in all the spe
cimens.

= r ——————— ee

Fig. 1. Section of the Limb of the Flower, to show the Stamens and Stig
mas. 2. Stamen. 3, Stigmas.—More or less magnified,

¥SHdelt

Pub. by 5. Curtis Walworth: May. LI30

( 2987 )

PoTHOS CRASSINERVIA. 'T'HICK-RIBBED
Potuos.

Class and Order.

TerranpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Aromes. )

Generic Character.

_Spatha monophylla. — Spadix cylindraceus, undique flo-
tibus tectus. Perianthium tetraphyllum. Bacca di- tetra-
sperma, \ 7 | 4 a :

Specific Character and Synonyms. —

Pornos crassinervia; foliis breve petiolatis obovato-lanceo-
latis nervosis reticulatis basi attenuatis, apice acuto

- Costa utrinque prominente, scapo petiolum excedente,

- Spadice cylindraceo spatham lato-lanceolatam supe-

=f Yrante.
Portios crassinervia. Jacq. Ie. 0. 3.t.609. Willd. Sp. Pl.
—v. 1. p-685.-Humb. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. 1. p. 63?
Roem. et Sch. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 453. Spreng. Syst.
Veret. 0i3:t. 166. °° fe Eee a =

ee
; re
a ; . rs
« “a j 7 m/ * be
es nh eb ‘i ‘* * "
here oy er a % 2 > &
P : =.
4 e

Descr. Root co sisting of a number of clustered, fleshy,
Wavy fibres, such as are common to parasitical plants, as
this probably is, on the trunks of trees in its native forests.
fom this root, among several brown scales, arises a beau-
tiful tuft or crown of leaves, two to three feet long, includ-
Ng the short petiole, erecto-patent, subcoriaceous, dark

Steen, obovato-lanceolate, quite tire, attenuated at the
. the midrib thick and strong,

» at the extremity acute : the 4 |
| y cially-at the base, where, on

.

Prominent on both sides, especialh at -
l€ upper surface, it presents a sharp angle in the centre :
fath it is indeed more prominent ; but in my ges =
ess

less carinated : from this central rib, there branch off on
each side several rather distant, patenti-oblique, parallel
ones, which, where they approach the margin, run for a
considerable way up close with it: at their axils is a thick-
ened gland. AIL these lateral ribs or nerves are connected
by less distinct, reticulated veins. Petiole semiterete, thick-
ened upwards, especially where it unites with the midrib
behind, sheathing at the base, whence arises the scape,
scarcely a span high, terete in my specimens. Spatha
ovato-lanceolate, membranous, reflexed, purplish - brown,
shorter than the cylindrical spadix, which is purplish, more
or less tinged with green.

This fine plant, to the foliage of which, a drawing on the
largest sized paper could scarcely do justice, was sent to
our stoves from Demerara, by Jamzs Fraser, Esq. of Bella-
drum, near Inverness, a gentleman who has contributed
many rare plants from the same country to our Botanic
Garden. It flowered in the month of January, 1830.

Notwithstanding some slight discrepancies, I am dis-
posed to consider this species to be the same with the one
above referred to in Jacguin’s Icones; but the scape is there
angular in its upper part, the spadix is slenderer, and the
leaves are more acuminated. The foliage agrees better
with the description of Humnoxpr’s P. crassinervia; but
then he describes the spadix as a foot long, on which
account, probably, he is doubtful if it be identical with
J acqurn’s plant.

——

Fig. 1. Plant much reduced. 2, Base of a Leaf, and a flowering Scape,
nat. size.

2988.

gan
; >A , niet te 4
WS Edel? Pub. by S. Curtis Walworth May [1650

( 2988 )
CREPIS MACRORHIZA. LARGE-ROOTED
Hawk’s Bearp.

SEK KEE KEK EEE EKEEEE
Class and Order.

SyneenesiA Poryeamia AL QuALis.
( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. Div. Cicnoracez. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum polyphyllum, squamis ad basin laxis. Re-
ceptaculum nudum. Pappus sessilis, simplex.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Crepis* macrorhiza; glaberrima, caulibus solidis foliatis
oblongis dentatis sessilibus (inferioribus in petiolum
attenuatis) nitidis subearnoso - coriaceis, pedunculis
superne subincrassatis squamosis, involucro subfari-
noso-pubescenti, radice crassa. Lowe MSS.

= Crepis macrorhiza. Herb. Banks.

ous, small, bright yellow, closing soon after the plant is
gathered, forming a loosely branched, lea icle: their
peduncles clothed with permanent, linear, red scales,

similar

We! ?

ici,
SS

vn, 72s, in Greek, signifies a slipper or last ; but why it should be ap-
‘piled to this plant we are not informed.

similar to those at the base of the involucre, which are also
permanent. Involucre slightly farinoso-pubescent, mealy,
particularly between the scales. Pappus perfectly sessile.”
Lowe in litt.

I have, on a former occasion, in the Bot. Miscellany,
taken occasion to mention, that the Rev. R. T. Lowe, B. A.
of Christ’s College, Cambridge, and late Travelling Bach-
elor from that University, had been most successfully ex-
ploring the Natural History of Madeira and the adjacent
islands, and that he was preparing materials for a work on
that interesting subject. This work is now more fully
announced, as in a state of forwardness, under the unassum-
ing title of a “ Prodromus Faune et Flora Maderensis.”
Few travellers are better fitted for such a task than Mr.
Lowe, and we have reason to know, that his book will
contain much new and important matter, and is one that
has long been a desideratum. If the number of unknown
species detected by Mr. Lowe be not very considerable,
there are assuredly among them many that are undescribed,
or only noticed in the Banksian Herbarium, which contains
an extensive collection from Madeira, made by Masson.
The present is one of that number, as has been determined
by a comparison of the specimens.

It is constantly found growing on the perpendicular faces
of dry, sunny rocks, never in soil, in many of the vallies of
Madeira, at an altitude above the level of the sea of from
three to four thousand feet, flowering in July and August.
Seeds, as well as specimens, have been communicated by
Mr. Lowe, and the plant has flowered in the Glasgow
Botanic Garden in the month of June; but there, whilst

oung, its flowering was hastened by artificial heat. There
is no doubt, that if the roots are kept well drained, the
plant will flourish in the open air.

mera

_ Fig. 1. A Floret. 2. Fruit. 3, Hair of the Pappus, magnified. 4, Por:
tion of the Root, nat. size. .

“e

ee” aa

me

—— Fab by S Curtis Walwerth; Mar L850

( 2989 )
CoNOSTYLIS ACULEATA. PRICKLY
ConosTYLIs.

SE ee ee
Class and Order. |

- Hexanprta Monoeynra.
( Nat. Ord.—Hamoporacex. Br. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium superum, coloratum, campanulatum, pro-
funde 6-fidum, regulare, lanatum pilis ramulosis, persistens.
Stamina 6. Anthere erecte. Ovarium 3-loc., polysper-
mum. Stylus conico-dilatatus, cavus. Stigma breve. Cap-
sula apice dehiscens, stylo cavo tripartibili coronata. Pla-
centa centralis, triquetra. Semina numerosa.—Herbe peren-
nes. Radix fasciculato-fibrosa. Caules brevissimi. Folia
disticha, aversa ensiformia, basibus semivaginantibus equi-
tantibus. Flores scapum sepius simplicem terminantes, ca-
pati, corymbosi vel spicati. Br. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.
Conosty1is* aculeata ; perianthiis intus glabris, scapis eo-
rymbisve divisis, foliis glabris margine aculeatis, acu-
leis intersticio brevioribus. Br.
Conostyzis aculeata. Br. Prodr. v. 1. p. 300. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. hg e al pal ge

‘een

“Descr. Perennial. Root a tuft of rigid branching oti
Leaves from a span, to nearly a foot in height, linear, very
gid, distichous in their insertion, and partially sheathing
with their dark-purple, shining bases, twisted, aan ee

| ne

——— losin
2
From xwvog,

base of the style

@ cone, and grvros, the style, in allusion to the cone-shaped

fine lines, gradually attenuated into a sharp point, their
margins beset with short rigid sete or prickles, all pointing
upwards, all of them perfectly glabrous and somewhat
glossy. Scape shorter than the leaves, erect, flexuose, terete,
downy, with a lanceolate bractea near the base, and others
smaller at the extremity, where the scape divides into many
branches and bears a rather dense corymb of pale, cream-
coloured flowers, with sometimes a single bracteated flower
lower down upon the scape. Perianth campanulate, with
a small subulate bractea at its base, half five-cleft, its tube
in the lower part incorporated with the germen, with the
segments ovato-lanceolate, downy, with short branched
pubescence externally, glabrous within. Stamens six, in-
serted into the base of the segments. Filaments very short.
Anthers linear, oblong, two-celled, yellow. Germen ovate,
its lower half forming one piece with the base of the peri-
anth, tapering gradually upwards into a hollow style, and
tipped with an obscurely three-lobed stigma. The germen
has three cells, and three longitudinal fleshy receptacles,
in the inner angles, covered with ovules. Capsule clothed
with the persistent perianth, and opening through the per-
sistent style to its base into three valves.

Of this curious Genus, four species are described by Mr.
Brown, all natives of the Southern shores of New Holland:
but none, that I am aware, has yet been figured, nor any
cultivated in our gardens, until seeds of the present indivi-
dual were received at the Botanic Garden both of Edinburgh
and Glasgow, which both now possess living plants. The
specimen here figured was communicated by Dr. GraHAM,
from the Edinburgh collection, in January, 1830. We are
indebted to Mr. Fraser for the introduction of this plant ;
as I am likewise for well dried specimens, from which the
fruit here represented was taken, Mr. Brown observes,
that this Genus differs from Aytcozanraus in its perianth
and style; and from Lanarta (Arconasia. J rae, in the
structure of the ovary and fruit.

ra I a

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens. 3. Pistil. 4. Section of the Germen. 5.
Ripe Capsule enveloped in the Perianth, natural size. 6. Ripe Capsule,
from which the Perianth is removed.—All but fig. 5, natural size.

Swan SJ«

June LI8bG

5. Cariis. Walworth,

Pub by

C 2990)

ONCIDIUM ALTISSIMUM. ‘'TALL-STEMMED
ONCIDIUM.

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Or¢uen. Juss.)

Generic Character.

Labellum explanatum, lobatum, basi tuberculatum. Pe-
tala patentia (2 antica nunc connata). Colwmna alata.
Masse pollinis 2, postice bilobe ; medio affix processu
communi stigmatis. Br.

~ Specific Character and Synonyms.

Onciprum* altissimum; labello panduriformi trilobo, lobo
medio subreniformi maximo bifido, lobis lateralibus
rotundatis versus columnam bidentatam curvatis,
scapo altissimo paniculato, foliis ensiformibus.

Oncipium altissimum. Swartz, Act. Holm. 1800, p. 240.
Willd. Sp. Pl. v.4. p. 112. Br. in Att. Hort. Kew. ed.
2. 0.5. p. 215. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 728.

Epienprum altissimum. Jacq. Am. p. 229. t. 141. Swartz,
Prodr. p. 123. :

Crmpmrum altissimum. Swartz, Nov. Act. Ups. 6. p. 94.

(lee

Descr. Parasitic on the trunks of trees. Bulb as large
as a turkey’s egg, dark green, quite smooth, remarkably
Jombressed, sharp at the edges, and marked with a few
ongitudinal, elevated lines, bearing one solitary leafat the
extremity, from a foot anda half to two feet long; while

om the base, at each of the edges, there arise generally
Wo other and shorter leaves with sheathing bases ; all of

eM are sword-shaped, bright-green, somewhat cartila-
smous and fleshy, keeled at the back, but not distinctly
tved or striated. From the axils of one of the root-leaves

&. : appears

———

Oe oe gh
base piteewhy ype de or protuberance, in allusion to the tubercle at the

appears the scape, which is from four to six feet and more
in length, as thick as a goose-quill below, upwards gradu-
ally tapering, much branched and panicled, and bearing
many handsome, bright-coloured, but not fragrant, rather
large flowers. At the base of each ramification, and of each
flower, is a membranous, sheathing, whitish, conspicuous
bractea. Petals nearly equal, spreading horizontally,
broadly lanceolate, acute, much waved, pale yellow, with
large olive-brown blotches. Lip large, also spreading,
about as long as the petals, panduriform, its lateral and
lesser lobes situated at the base, rounded, and incurved
towards the centre of the flower: the Lip is then contracted
in its centre, and expands at the extremity into a large,
reniform lobe, slightly crenate and deeply emarginate, often
with a small point in the sinus. The crest occupies the base
of the lip, is very prominent and papillose, the papille
pointing downwards. The colour of the lip is a sulphur
yellow, much deeper at the base, and having a broad, ches-
nut-coloured band, crossing it transversely, but surrounding
the crest, which is thus rendered the more conspicuous.
Column yellow, short, two-lobed in front, and with a blunt
tooth on each side of the stigma. Anther yellow. Pollen
Masses yellow, fixed to a rather long stalk, and bearing a
portion of the stigma at the base.

It is probable that this species of Oncrprum, which was
introduced to the Royal Gardens at Kew, in 1793, by Rear
Admiral Brien, was shortly after lost ; otherwise so beautiful
a plant would soon have become general in our collections,
and would have found a place in some or other of the
numerous Botanical journals. It is a native of the West
India islands. Our plants, at the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
were communicated by the Rey. Lanspown Gurip1ne, from
St. Vincents, and have been easily cultivated in a house
almost filled with tropical Orchidee, among which, the
flowers of this were of the longest duration, and not the
least attractive in point of beauty. Some of the scapes
were nearly seven feet long.

——————

* Fig. 1. Lip and Column. 2. Under side, and 3, upper side of a Pollen
Mass.—Magnified. :

At Tas. 2956, for Neorrra? grandiflora, read Unantua (from eos, C7 isped,
and aubos, a flower,) grandiflora; and add for Generic Character, Pet. pate®-
tia, superiore oblongo, planiusculo, reliquis obovatis, sinuato-crispatis, duobus
lateralibus papillosis, basi attenuatis. Labellum lato-oblongum, papillosum,
crispatum, disco lamellatum. Columna aptera. Masse pollinis 4, lineares,
curyate subfarinacee.

2991.

WI Hdelt Pub. by §. Curtis. Walworth. June WSC

( 2991 )
Crocus MINIMUS. Least PurpLe Crocus.

KEEK EEE EEE EKER ERE REESE
Class and Order.

TrIANDRIA Monoeyntia.
( Nat. Ord.—Iniwez. )

Generic Character.

Cor. tubo longissimo, limbo regulari, 6-partito. Stam.
corolle inserta. Stigmata 3, dilatata, serrulata aut incisa.
Caps. 3-locularis. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Crocus minimus ; stigmatibus erectis inclusis flore solitaris
stamina superantibus, antheris acutis, foliis lineari-fili-
formibus, bulbis tunico membranaceo.

Crocus minimus. Redouté, Pl. Lil. v. 2. t. 81. De Cand.
Fl. Fr. ed. 3. v. 3. p. 243. Roem. et Sch. Syst. Veget.
v. 1. p. 367. Duby et De Cand. Bot. Gall. v. 1. p. 453.
Muller in Un. It.

C.nanus. De Cand. Syn. Gall. p. 168.

C. reticulatus. Syn. Engl. Fl. v. 4. p. 262. (excl. syn.) Hook.
Brit. Fl. p. 17.

‘memes

Descr. Bulb small, rounded, with a dark-brown, mem-
ranous coat, below having the flattened layers of former
years’ bulbs. Above this are the sheathing scales, which
Surround the plant for about two-thirds of its length, and
Which are remarkably slender, whitish. Leaves three or
four only, shorter than the flower, very narrow, linear-fili-
form, pale and depressed in the middle, having a flat, broad
keel at the back, the margins revolute. Flower solitary :
its tube slender, white, yellow upwards, where it widens to
form the limb, which has six horizontally-patent, oblong,
elicate, bluish- urple segments, nearly equal in size: the

tee outer having three deep-purple, feathery seas ;

the throat within is yellow. Stamens deep orange: Anthers
sagittate, very acute. Stigmas longer than the stamens, of
the same colour with them, two short, one much longer,
slender, yet broader, and unequally laciniated at the ex-
tremity.

It is singular that nearly the first knowledge, if not the
very first, of this plant among British Botanists, should arise
from the circumstance of its being considered a native of
this country. Mr. Dawson Turner communicated speci-
mens to Sir J. E. Smrrn as such, from Sir Cuaries Bun-
Bury’s Park, Barton, Suffolk. These were published in
the English Flora as the Crocus reticulatus of BrepErsTEIN,
and not having then seen their roots, I was led into a simi-
lar error in my own British Flora. The same friends who
sent me recent specimens of C. aureus already figured, sent
also the present one, and the slightest view of the bulbs was
sufficient to satisfy me that it was quite different from the
C. reticulatus: and I can only suppose that Sir James E.
SmirH, as was my case in the British Flora, taking it for
granted that it belonged to the latter species, described
the roots from the true plant in his own Herbarium.

I offer no apology for introducing this, a presumed
British plant, into the Botanical Magazine: for besides that
it is, as far as I can learn, unknown in our gardens, it is
amply deserving of being cultivated, being as elegant, and
as prettily varied with colour, as any in the Genus: and I
think it may be reckoned among the most distinct. Its
slender, sheathing scales, very narrow leaves, long stigmas,
and the deep orange colour of these, and of the acute
anthers, together with the membranous, not in the least
reticulated, coat of the bulb, are some of its most prominent
characteristics.

Fig. 1. Stamen, 2. Pistil, 3. Section of the Leaf,—Magnified.

Suan

WIA deb
Pub by
by S Curtis Walwort.
orth, Jit
, Sune LLE0.

( 2992 )

KuPHORBIA COROLLATA. WHuITE-FLOWERED
SPURGE.

ER EEE EEE EEE EE EEE EE EE
Class and Order.

Monazcia Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Euruorsiscez. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum androgynum, 4—5-fidum, extus appendiculis
glandulosis (petala L. nectaria aliorum). Peripherici: pe-
dicelli incerti numeri, singuli cum singulis staminibus arti-
culati. Germen pedicellatum, centrale: styli 3, 2-fidi.
Capsula 3-cocca. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Evpnorsia corollata; erecta, umbella ramis primariis sub-
quinque repetitim dichotomis, bracteis foliisque ellip-
tico-lanceolatis obtusis subtus hirsutulis, involucri
glandulis late ovalibus appendicibus corollatis (albis),
floribus subdioicis.

Evpnoreia corollata. Linn. Amen. Acad. ». 3. p. 122.
Sp. Pl. p. 659. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 916. Pursh,
Fl. Am. v. 1. p. 607. Elliott, Carol. v. 2. p. 559.
Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 798.

‘es

Descr. Stems about a foot high, nearly simple, rounded,
glabrous. Leaves an inch or more long, scattered, varying
much in shape, linear, obovato-lanceolate, or, generally,

etween elliptic and lanceolate, always sessile, very obtuse,
rather dark green, glabrous above, somewhat pilose be-
heath, the margin quite entire. Umbel of about five rays
:" Principal branches, which are several times dichotomous,
bearing opposite bractee at the base of the forkings, which
“re similar to the leaves, only smaller. Beneath the ——
there

there are not unfrequently lateral, axillary peduncles, each
resembling one of the rays or branches of the umbel. Invo-
lucre cup-shaped ; its glands five, oval, fleshy, yellowish-
green, dilated into a petaloid, large white membrane, so
that the involucre looks like a five-petaled corolla. Mr.
Nourratt observes, that these involucres are dicecious. In
the plant here figured they are only pistilliferous ; whilst
native specimens in my Herbarium, sent me by Mr. Nour-
TALL, and from which the dissections were taken, seem to
be almost wholly antheriferous (fig. 1.) ; for I found a few
of the flowers bearing pzstils, though mixed with very im-
perfect stamens. Staminiferous flowers as in most of the
Genus, only some of them appear to be combined by their
pedicels. Germen three-lobed, greenish, slightly warted?
Styles three, bifid, purplish.

Cultivated by Rosert Barctay, Esq. at Bury Hill, whence
that most liberal admirer and patron of Botany commu-
nicated the drawing here given. The plants flowered in
the open air in July, and were raised from seeds sent from
North America, by Mr. Nurraty. According to Linnzus,
it inhabits Canada, and thence extends as far south as the
Carolinas.

It is one of the most remarkable of that extensive and
curious Genus Evpnorsia; and the appendages of the
glands of the involucre might, if not examined with some
care, be taken for the white, spreading petals of a corolla.

Fig. 1. Inyolucre with Stamens. 2. Staminiferous Flower, removed from
the Inyolucre. 3. Pistilliferous Flower.—Magnijfied.

( 2993 )

SpHACELE LinpLEevi. LARGE-FLOWERED
SpHACELE.

Class and Order.

DipynamM1A GYMNOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Lasiata. )

Generic Character.

Spaces. Benth. Cal. campanulatus, subequalis, 13—
15-nerviis, venosus, 5-dentatus, intus fauce. Corolla tubo
exserto fauce subinflata, bilabiata, labiis subeequalibus :
superiori erecto, bifido, (vel emarginato) subplano; infe-
riori patente, 3-fido, lobis lateralibus reflexis, medio bifido,
laciniis reflexis. Stam. 4, sub labiis superiori ascendentia.
Anthere hiloculares, loculis linearibus divergentibus. Sty-
lus apice subequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, leevia.
Benth. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1289.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Spuacete* Lindleyi; ramis floccoso-tomentosis, foliis petio-
latis ovato-lanccolatis basi obtuse hastato-sagittatis
subtus tomentosis, superioribus sessilibus, axillis utrin-
que subtrifloris. Benth.

SPHACELE Lindleyi. Benth. in Bot. Reg. l. c.

Stacuys Salvie. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1226.

‘=e

Descr. Stem shrubby, four-sided, three to four feet
high, branched, the branches downy, white and woolly in
the younger ones. Leaves petiolate, broadly ovato-lanceo-

te, crenate, wrinkled, soft and downy pile oe cake
| ‘ at

te ee

_* From the Greek name of the Suge, to which this plant bears much re-
semblance,

pale, almost white and tomentose, with prominent veins ;
the base is cordato-hastate, with blunted lobes : the upper
leaves become gradually smaller, sessile, ovate, and at
length the uppermost ones are bracteiform. Flowers form-
ing a lax, leafy spike, about three in the axil of each leaf or
bractea, large, handsome. Calyx shortly stalked, tubuloso-
campanulate, downy, and hence obscurely striated, cut into
five subulate, rather unequal teeth, which are shorter than
the tube of the corolla. Corolla a rather rich purple,
slightly pubescent externally ; the rest of it as described
in the Generic Character. Germen seated upon a large,
greenish gland. Stigma bifid.

This plant has been for some time cultivated in the
greenhouses of the Botanic Gardens of Edinburgh and
Glasgow ; and at both these establishments it flowered in
Autumn, 1828. Seeds were sent by Mr. CruicksHanks,
from Valparaiso, to whom I am indebted (as I am also to
the Horticultural Society of London,) for dried specimens,
both of it, and of S. swbhastata and S. campanulata of Mr.
Bentuam.

The foliage of this plant would be considered by almost
any one to belong to Salvia ; the flowers to Stachys or
Betonica; from the former, my friend Mr. Benruam (to whom
Botany is indebted for a new and valuable arrangement of
the Laziar#) says, that it differs by the length of the tube
of the corolla, and from both, by the large, campanulate
calyx, and the cells of the anthers, which are neither divari-
cate, as in Stachys, nor parallel as in Betonica, but linear,
and divergent nearly at right angles with one another.

——

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Corolla, with the Tube cut open to show the insertion
of the Stamens. 3. Pistil and Gland.—Magnified.

Wlidad*

Lub. by S. Curtis Walworth, Tune Lisa

( 2994 )
HELENIUM AUTUMNALE. AUTUMNAL
ELECAMPANE. |

Seek
Class and Order.

SynGENESIA PoLyGAMIA SUPERFLUA.
( Nat. Ord.—Composira. Div. Corymairera. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum simplex, e squamis numerosis subequalibus.
Receptaculum nudum, margine paleaceo. Floscult radii
cuneati, 3—5-fidi. Pappus e squamis plurimis paleaceis.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Herentum* autumnale ; caule angulato, foliis lanceolatis
os eT as decurrentibus, disci corollis 5-fidis, radii 3—5-
is.

Hetenrum auttimnale. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1120. Mich. Fi.

Am. 0.2. p. 133. Pursh, Fl. Am. v. 2. p. 560. Willd.

Sp. Pl. v. 3. p. 2120. Elliott, Fl. Carol. v. 2. p. 401.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. ». 3. p. 573. Schuhkr, Bot.
Handb. t. 250.

See

Descr. Root perennial. Stem two to three feet high,
erect, branching upwards, marked with prominent angles
from the decurrent margins of the leaves, slightly pubes-
cent, as is the rest of the plant. Leaves scattered, lanceo-
late, the lowermost tapering into a broad and short foot-
stalk, the rest sessile, more or less deeply serrated, except
the uppermost ones, appearing minutely dotted when seen

under a microscope, with a central rib, and a few parallel,
; A lateral

——_—______

* Said to have sprung from the tears of Helen.

lateral nerves. Inflorescence somewhat corymbose, the
peduncles downy, slightly thickened upwards. Involucre
simple, of about sixteen lanceolato-subulate scales, not
longer than the disk, united below into a flattened base.
Flowers large, showy, bright yellow. Florets of the disk
short, tubular, glandular above and five-toothed, teeth
erect, those of the ray twelve to fourteen, patent, then
reflexed, cuneate, with from three to five large teeth at
the extremity. Receptacle hemispherical, with lanceolate,
chaffy, rather jagged scales at the margin. Fruit short,
bluntly tetragonal, clothed with small, white, chaffy scales,
and crowned with about seven or eight upright, larger,
broadly subulate ones, constituting the pappus.

A native of North America, and by no means an uncom-
mon inhabitant of our Gardens, but I am not aware that
any good figure of it is in existence. It flowers in the au-
tumnal months, as the name implies, and is an ornament,
especially valuable at that season, to our flower-borders.

Fig. 1. Inferior Leaf. 2. Floret of the Disk. 3, Scale of the circum-
ference of the Disk. 4. Floret of the Ray. 5. Fruit, crowned with its
scaly Pappus.—Magnified.

2995

WIE del! Pub. be S Curtis Walworth, June L350.

me 2995)

ASTER LAVIGATUS. SMOOTH-LEAVED
Micuaetmas Daisy.

eo
Class and Order. |

SyncenestA PotyGamiA SuPERFLUA.
( Nat. Ord. —Composirz. Div. Corympirers. )

Generic Character.

Receptaculum nudum.- Pappus simplex. — Cor. radii
plures 10. Involucri imbricati ; squame inferiores (non-
hunquam) patule.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Aster * levigatus; glaber, superne paniculatim ramosus,
panicula foliolosa, foliis subcoriaceis levibus, inferio-
ribus oyato-lanceolatis in petiolum alatum attenuatis
parce serratis, superioribus sensim minoribus sessilibus
integerrimis basi cordatis, involucri squamis erectis
laxiusculis glabris. .

Aster levigatus. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3. p. 2246. Pursh,
Fl. Am. v. 2. p. 553. Elliott, Carol. v. 2. p. 359.
Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 538, :

Derscr. Plant two to three feet high, perennial, every
where glabrous and smooth. Stem erect, simple, below
purple, not so thick as a goose-quill, a little zigzag, and
slightly angular, gradually tapering upwards, and terminat-
bet in a copious and much branched panicle. Leaves large

ow, four to five inches long, (including the petiole)
: broadly, or ovato-lanceolate, somewhat coriaceous, dark
Steen above, paler beneath, obscurely serrated, in -

| | upper

—_—_—

x! Aster, a star, in allusion to its stellated flowers.

upper half veiny, tapering gradually into a winged foot-
stalk, which half embraces the stem with its base. Upwards
upon the stem, the leaves gradually become smaller, less
stalked and serrated, till at length upon the numerous
branches of the panicle, where they are very numerous, they
are lanceolate, with a semiamplexicaul, cordate base, and
are scarcely half an inch long. Flowers moderately large,
solitary at the extremities of the more elongated leafletted
and slender branches. Involucre ovate, attenuated at the
base, imbricated with linear-lanceolate, upright, rather lax
scales. Corollas of the ray purple; those of the disk, yellow.
Receptacle papillose.

We received this Aster at the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
from Mr. Nurratt. I have dried specimens of the same
from the Rev. Mr. Scuweinrrz, and I believe it to be the
plant of the American Botanists. Whether or not it is so of
Wittpenow, who is the original authority for the species, I
cannot say. His description is too imperfect to enable me
to form a judgment. It is well characterized by its large
panicles with many handsome flowers; its large wing-
stalked lower leaves; and by the great number of small
leaves, or they might almost be called bracteas, upon the
branches of the panicle.

It flowers, like most of the Genus, late in the autumn, and

deserves a place in every collection of hardy herbaceous
plants.

Fig. 1. Floret of the Ray. 2. Receptacle and Involucre cut through ver-
tically. 3. Central Floret.— Magnified. g

2996.

2” Greville.del? . +
Pub. by Sburtis, Walwerth; June L150.

( 2996 )
OcyMUM MONTANUM. Mountain BAsIL.

KEK KEKE EEE EEE EEEEK
Class and Order.

DipynaMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Lasiarz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. ovatus vel campanulatus, 5-dentatus, dentis superti-
oris ovato-membranacei marginibus decurrentibus alatus,
post anthesin reflexus. Cor. tubo calyce subbrevior, bi-

labiata, labio superiori quadrifido, inferiori integerrimo
subplano. Stam. 4, declinata. Filamenta libera ; superi-
ora basi sepius dentata v. penicellata. Antheré ovato-re-
niformes, loculis confluentibus. Stylus apice subulatus,
-®qualiter bifidus. Verticillastri sepius multiflori, mterrupte
ry spicis simplicibus v. dense thyrsoideo-paniculatis.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Ocymum montanum; filamentis integris nudis paululum
_ exsertis, corolla calycem vix excedente, verticillis ap-
proximatis racemosis, foliis lato-ovatis acutis serratis,
_ caule ramisque pubescentibus tetragonis. ‘.
Atgacca montana. W. Hamilton, MSS.

a

Descr. Apparently an annual, eight or ten inches high,
with an erect branching stem, four-sided as well as the
short opposite branches, and downy. Leaves on rather
long stalks, the younger ones somewhat oblong and acu-
minated, the older ones three inches and more long, broadly
ovate, acute, glabrous or nearly so, serrated. — Petioles

owny, slender. ‘The flowers are small, arranged in whorls
each of six, three on each side, and these are placed in
1 inal, leafless racemes, the principal one on the stem,
-*8sser ones on the branches. Calyx as in all of this —

7 ‘ wi

with curious decurrent margins to the upper tooth, which
soon curve in above the back of the calyx, so as to make
that part appear boat-shaped, slightly hairy, after flowering
becoming greatly enlarged. Corolla nearly white, scarcely
longer than the calyx, five-lobed ; the lobes spreading, the
lower one rather the largest. Stamens free from teeth or
hairs, declined, the extremity only ascending. Anthers
small, ovate or cordate. Style rather longer than the sta-
mens. Stigma bifid ; the segments bent back or recurved.

The same remark will here hold good which was made
by our estimable predecessor in the Editorship of the
present work, when describing the Ocymum sanctum (t.
2452) : “ there are so many species of Ocymum which are
but indifferently defined, that it is almost impossible to de-
cide whether this may not have been already described.”
It was raised two years ago, in the garden of our valued
friend, P. Nei, Esq., Canon Mills, Edinburgh, from seeds
communicated to him by Dr. W. Hamizron, of Plymouth,
and a drawing of it was sent to us from the elegant pencil
of Dr. Grevitie.

Upon the same plant, indeed, Dr. Hamitron has fre-
quently written to me, and having discovered that it did not
accord with the old character of the Genus Ocymum, he was
disposed to form a new one of it under the name of ALBACcA
(Arsganacas being the Spanish name for the Columbian
Basils). But I think my obliging and learned friend will
agree with me that it entirely accords with the Genus, as it
is now remodelled by Mr. Benruam. This species, like
the rest of the Basils, is fragrant. It inhabits the moun-
taims about Carthagena, where it is known by the name of
Albahaca del monte, and whence the seeds were obtained by
Epwarp Warts, Esq. of that place, and introduced to our
gardens through Dr. Hamitron, a gentleman who has long
paid the most devoted attention to West Indian Botany.
{t requires the heat of the stove for its cultivation.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Corolla. 3, Calyx enlarged.—Magnified.

yx
Mh
iS

x

iS

s

Ss
g

:

a

~

wy

~
s
5

Ry

( 2997 2998 )
RENANTHERA COCCINEA. SCARLET
RENANTHERA.

KKK EEE EEE EEE EEE
Class and Order.

Gynanpria Monanprla.
( Nat. Ord. —OrcueE2. )

Generic Character.

Petala patentia, 3 inferiora (quoad axin florum) sube-
qualia, lineari-spathulata, 2 superiora multo majora, undu-
lata, unguiculata. _Labellum sessile, parvum, bitubercu-
latum, inferne conico-saccatum, 3-lobum, lodis lateralibus
erectis, rotundatis, intermedio acuto reflexo basi constricto.
Germen rectum. Columna brevis, aptera. Anthera oper-
cularis, obtusa, decidua, pseudo-bilocularis. Masse pollinis
2, postice bilobe, pedicellate ; pedicello lato membra-
naceo: glandula ad basin magna.

Specific Name and Synonyms.

RENaNTHERA * coccinea.
Renanrngra coccinea, Lour. Fl. Cochin. v. 2. p. 63%.
Bot. Reg. t. 113).

ie

Descr. Parasitic upon the trunks of trees, sending out,
not only from the base of the stem, but also, here and there,
from between the leaves, large, thick, whitish, fleshy, sim-
ple fibres. Stem about one foot and a half or more high,
slightly flexuose, nearly as thick as the human finger, yel-
lowish-green, obscurely striated. Leaves many, distichous,
rather distant, linear-oblong, thick, fleshy, emarginate at
the point and generally unequal, having a . —

eneath,

*
from From ren, a kidney, and anthera, the anther: 50 named by LouREIR®O,
the shape, as he says, of the anthers or pollen-masses.

beneath, the base nearly amplexicaul, but not sheathing.
Scape arising from the side of the stem among the leaves,
but not from the axils, three feet high in the present indi-
vidual, terete, wavy, orange-coloured, glabrous, reddish
above, and bearing a many - flowered, splendid panicle.
Below, and at the base of the ramifications, is a yellow,
roundish acute, appressed scale or bractea. Flowers large.
Petals spreading horizontally, unequal, the three lower
ones (in regard to the axis of the flowers,) linear -spathu-
late, obtuse, scarcely waved, rather dingy orange, with
bright red stains on the upper side, about an inch and a
half long; two upper ones much larger, broadly lanceo-
late, singularly crisped and waved at the margin, obtuse,
contracted at the base so as to be clawed, the claws a little
incurved laterally, thus bringing the petals nearly parallel
with each other ; the colour is a rich, rather velvety, deep
crimson, sometimes obscurely and transversely banded with
paler lines; beneath uniformly orange in the centre, redder
at the margin. Lip very small, sessile, jointed upon the
base of the column, pale yellow beneath, with a conical,
crimson, saccate spur at some little distance from the
base, three-lobed, the two lateral lobes erect, rounded, mar-
gined and streaked with red, and having two pale-yellow
tubercles in the centre; middle lobe ovate, acuminate, re-
flexed, deep purple-red, pale yellow at the base. Column
of the same colour, except within, where it is pale yellow
with purple streaks, semicylindrical, the sides a little in-
flexed above, but not winged. Anther operculiform, sub-
hemispherical, purple, with a pale yellow line on the top ;
within imperfectly two-celled. Pollen Masses two, sub-
globose, wavy, yellow, each with a small lobe at the back,
and fixed to the top of a thin, broad stalk or membrane,
which has the margins above inflexed, and is fixed at the
base upon a large, yellowish gland, which laps over the
top of the convex, transverse stigma. Germen an inch,
or an inch and a half long, not twisted, resembling a pedi-
er orange red.

or the opportunity of giving a figure of this singular
and beautiful orchids mlgit I So indebted io Mr:
Coorer, the able director of the gardens of the Right Hon.
Lord Mixon, at Wentworth House, who sent me the noble
specimen here represented, in the latter end of March,
1830. From the great care that was employed in the
packing, the flowers were in as entire perfection, as if the
plant had been still growing in the stove, not a petal being

injure

2998.

VIM del? Pub WS curtis Walworth, July L150 at

injured or displaced ; and in this state of undiminished
beauty the blossoms continued for many days, though cut
from the parent plant.

It inhabits woods in Cochinchina, and is cultivated in
China on account of the richness of the colour of the flow-
ers; if indeed it be not a native of that country; for I have
excellent specimens, sent to me by my valued friend Mr.
Muzerr from Canton. Among a set of Chinese drawings
from the same place, presented to me by Mrs. Haxxer, is a
very faithful representation of this parasite. In this coun-
try the plant has been known for some years; but it had
never flowered in our stoves till the year 1827, when its
blossoming at Claremont was attributed to the skilful
management of Mr. Farrpurn, gardener to His Royal
Highness Prince Leorotp, who tried the effect of tying
moss round the stems, keeping it constantly damp and ex-
posed as much as possible to the rays of the sun.

In habit, the stems, and leaves, and roots of this plant
have a considerable affinity with the Genus Vanpa of Mr.
Brown ; nor are its essential parts of the fructification
Widely different: the chief distinction seems to reside in
the form and relative inequality of the petals.

Tas. 2997. Upper part of a Panicle, and portion of the Stem and Leaves,
nat. size,

Tax. 2998, Fig. 1, A Flower. 2. A back view of the same, slightly
magnified. 3. Front view of the Column and Lip. 4. Side view of the
same. 5. Front view of a Column with its Anther. 6. The same, with the
Anther-case removed: the Pollen Masses still attached to the top of the
Column. 7. Inside view of the Anther-case. 8. Upper view of the Pollen
Masses, with the Stalk and Gland. 9. Under side of ditto—All more or
less magnified, ;

2999.

; Swarr SP
Pub. by 8. Curtis, Walworth: July. 11830.

C 2999 )

RANUNCULUS CARDIOPHYLLUS. AMERICAN
HEART-LEAVED CrowFoot.

EREREREEEEREE EEE ER EEE

Class and Order.

PotyanpriA Potyeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Ranuncunacea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis basi non solutis deciduis. Pet. 5,
rarius 10, intus basi squamula foveolari nectarifera in-
structa. Stam. ovariaque plurima. Cariopsides ovate,
subcompressx, in mucronem aut cornu semine vix longius
desinentes, leves, striate aut tuberculate, in capitulum
globosum cylindraceumve disposite. D C.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Ranuncutus *cardiophyllus; pubescenti-hirsutus, foliis sub-
-coriaceis glauco-viridibus radicalibus rotundato-cor-
datis basi subprofunde emarginatis grosse serrato -
crenatis, caulinis palmato-multifidis laciniis linearibus,
poniyee patente petalis dimidio breyiore, fructibus ob-

_ tongis. ise NEAL Be
Ranuncuxus cardiophyllus. Hook. & Bor. Am. 2. 1. p.

if t.5. B. a
Descr. Root consisting of a tuft of rather long, crowded,
fleshy fibres, thi¢kest upwards, clothed with many small,

-like radicles, perennial. Stem from six inches to nearly
4 foot high, simple, or slightly branched upwards, pubes-
Centi-hirsute, as is almost every part of the plant, el
;: B Fi j j ce \ i ‘ * * e
fT RE PREP . .

, er fF
—

Bi
'
a

j vit ;
* From ranh, af my | Che ebeci : inhabiting places where those
: , a frog : the species frequently inhabiting p

‘mals abound. 3 * al bs

the back of the foliage. Leaves of a thick and somewhat
coriaceous texture, and of a dark bluish-green ; the lower
ones stalked, those from the root broadly, almost rotundato-
cordate, with rather a deep sinus at the base, undivided,
the margins deeply and coarsely crenato-serrate: the lower
stem-leaf is ovate, palmato-pinnatifid, with lmear segments,
more or less incised; the uppermost two or three are sessile,
palmated with deep, linear, spreading, incised or entire
segments. Flowers upon long peduncles, with closely-
pressed hairs, large, handsome, very bright yellow. Calyx
of five very concave, hairy, yellow-green leaves, spreading.
Petals nearly orbicular, slightly waved. Pistils collected
into an oblong head, each germen subglobose, terminated
by an oblique, slightly curved, subulate style, about as
long as the slightly downy germen.

This, is one of the many new discoveries made by Dr.
Ricuarpson and Mr. Drummonp in the second overland
Arctic expedition, under the command of Capt. Sir Joun
Franxuin. It was found by the former in the central
prairie and limestone districts of Canada, and by the latter,
m alpine prairies of the Rocky Mountains, between lat.
52° and 55°. From seeds, brought home by these Natural-
ists, plants have been raised in the Glasgow Botanic
Garden, which flowered in May, 1830, having been pro-
tected by a frame during winter. If I had any doubt of its
specific distinctness whilst describing this plant from dried
specimens, I can feel none now that I have seen it growing.
From the size and bright glossy yellow of the flowers, and
the length of time they remain expanded, it is likely to

prove a great acquisition to our collections of hardy
plants. |

Fig. 1. Petal. 2, Pistil—Magnified.

y/

ff ALF

~*~

AN

Pub. by 8. Curtis Walworth, Juipl 1850

C 3000 )

INDIGOFERA SYLVATICA. ANGULAR-STEMMED
_ Inpico.

Class and Order.

DrapeveH1A DeEcANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-fidus, lobis acutis. Vexillum rotundatum, emar-
-ginatum. Carina utrinque caleare subulato notata, demum
_ sepe elastice deflexa. Stam. diadelpha. Stylus filiformis,
glaber. Legumen teretiusculum aut planum aut tetra-
gonum, polyspermum, bivalve, rarius oligospermum, ova-
tum, imo. monospermum, subglobosum. Semina ovata,
utrmque truncata, isthmis cellulosis sepe disjuncta. Herbe
aut suffrutices.—Stipule a petiolo distincte, parveé. Pedun-
culi axillares. Flores racemost, purpuret, eerulet aut albi.
Folia nunc simplicia (pinnata ad impar reducta) impari-
pinata aut digitata, foliolis sepe basi stipellatis. Pili nune
omnes, nune plerique strigosi, centro adfixi adpresst. DC.

Specific Name and Synonyms.

» Invicorrra* sylvatica ; erecta fruticosa, caule ramisque
acute angulatis, foliis 4—7-jugis, foliolis subequalibus
ellipticis glaberrimis plerumque emarginatis, racemis
: folio brevioribus vel subeque longis. =
-Ivvicorera sylvatica. Sieber, Pl. exsice. n. 379. 4,
: Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 278. > Soeete ‘
NDIGOFERA angulata. Lindl. in Bot: Reg. t. 2578. :
NPIGOFERA speciosa. Fraser MSS. et fortul..

(“Scenes

Descr, Stem erect, ei ht feet or more high, branchless
below for about two feet, from which point it forms a fee

* From Indigo, the dye so called, and fero, to bear Or p roduce.

midal top, ramifying in every direction, the lower branches
long and reclining (Mackay); both stem and branches of
a dingy purplish colour, acutely angular, the extremely
young shoots as well as the underside of young leaves,
under a microscope, clothed with appressed hairs, among
which are many thick, black hairs or glands, the falling of
which, probably, in the old leaves, gives the dotted appear-
ances mentioned by SprENGEL as one of its specific distine-
tions. Leaves alternate, four to five inches long, of from
four to seven nearly equal pinne. Rachis of the young
leaves with an orange tuft of hairs on the upper side be-
tween every pair of pinne, and which persist, but turn
brown in the older ones. Stipules small, subulate. Pinne
opposite, shortly stalked, elliptical or oblong, sometimes
approaching to ovate, obtuse, retuse, or not unfrequently
notched, quite glabrous on the upper side. Racemes in the
axils of the leaves on the upper branches, sometimes shorter
than, sometimes as long as the leaves. Flowers numerous,
of a bright rose colour, inclining to purple. Calyx very
small, purplish, nearly equally five-toothed. Vexillum re-
flexed, rounded, emarginate, having a white, orbicular spot
at its base, included in a horse-shoe-shaped, deep purple
line, slightly downy at the back. Ale and keel deflexed:
the white claws of the petals of the latter in the fully
expanded blossom have escaped from the calyx, and are
reflexed upon the back of the keel.

Communicated by J. T. Mackay, Esq. from the College
Botanic Garden, Dublin, where it was sent as well as to
many other collections by Mr. Fraser, in 1808, from New
Holland, under the name of speciosa, and as such, it is still
generally known in our gardens. Mr. Sreser published it
under the name of I. sylvatica, and well distinguished it
from I. australis, though Professor Dr Canpotxe has united
it with that species, and made a variety of Sreper’s true
I. australis. The leaves are liable to vary in width. As
cultivated by Mr. Mackay in the conservatory, it is an
extremely showy plant and deserving a place in every
collection.

_ Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2. Back view of ditto, 3, One of the
Petals of the Keel— Magnified.

HSH del? Lib by § buriis Walmerily Jule, LE wan Se

¢ 3001 )

Begonia LONGIPES. Lone FLower-sTALKED
BEGONIA.

EEE EEE EERE EEK EKER
Class and Order.

Moneecta Potyanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Bereonracez, )

Generic Character.

_ Masc. Cal. 0. Cor. polypetala, petalis plerumque 4,
Inequalibus. Fam. Cal.o. Cor. petalis 4—9, plerum-
que inequalibus. Styli 3, bifidi. Caps. triquetra, alata,
trilocularis, polysperma.

Specific Character.

Beconra longipes ; caule crasso leviter sulcato glanduloso-
__ spero, foliis amplis oblique et valde inequaliter cor-
dato-rotundatis angulatis serratis supra nitidissimis
glaberrimis subtus pallidis opacis subpubescentibus,
-pedunculis axillaribus elongatis superne dichotome-
corymbosis, capsula ala maxima solitaria.

=e

_Descr. Stem three feet or more high, and full an inch in
diameter in the lower part, rounded, jointed, green, furrow-
» Tough with thick, short hairs or glands. Leaves alter-
nate, large, a span and more long, when quite young,
sheathed with an ovato-oblong deciduous bractea, extremely
Mnhequally rotundato-cordate, the lobe or ear remarkably
tse, angled, and serrated, radiately nerved, of a bright
yellow green color, extremely glossy, and perfectly gla-
rous on the upper surface, beneath pale, opaque, with
Prominent nerves, and more or less pubescent, often with
S'ands, and especially upon the nerves. Peduncle a foot
and more long, rounded, glabrous, sometimes roughish
with glands, especially below, above branched in a dichoto-
mous

mous manner, so that the flowers constitute a compound
corymb. Pedicels glabrous, often tinged with red. Flowers
generally three together, of which, one is usually fertile,
the other two sterile. Sterile Flowers much the largest,
of four white petals, two opposite ones rotundate, the other
two inner ones oblong; all spreading. Stamens yellow.
Fertile Flowers small. Corolla of five, nearly equal, small,
white, seldom spreading petals. Germen triangular, two
of the angles acute, the third extending intoa large, broad,
perfectly white wing, or lobe. At the base of the germen,
are two small, subulate bracteas. Of the fertile flower the
pedicel is broad and flat ; it is filiform in the sterile ones. .

The present species of Beconra is remarkable for the
thickness of its furrowed stems ; and for its ample, very
glossy, bright green leaves, and the unusual length of its
peduncles. Its nearest affinity is B. dichotoma of Jace.
Collectanea and Icones, t. 619; an inhabitant of the
Caraccas: but there; the capsule has two small and one
large wing, and the leaves are neither so glossy nor so
glabrous.

B. longipes is an inhabitant of Mexico, and was intro-
duced lately to this country by the Rev. J. Hunrty of
Kimbolton, who communicated it to the Liverpool Botanic
Garden. I am indebted to my friends, the Messrs. SHEP-
uERDS, for a noble specimen, from a part of which the

accompanying figure was taken. It flowered in the stove
in the month of April, 1830.

>

Sy
———————

Fig. 1. Flower scarcely expanded, showing the solitary wing of the Ger-
men. 2, Section of the Germen.—Magnified.

Lh del*

Lub by 8 CurtisMalworre Subp LiS30)

frat

( 3002 )
TRILLIUM ERVYTHROCARPUM. BLOOD-STAINED
TRILLIUM.

© REE IE EE EE EEE EE

Class and Order. ~

HexanpriA TRIGYNIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Smuixacea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 3-phyllus. Cor. 3-petala, patens. Filamenta gla-
bra. Anthere longitudinaliter adnate. Stigmata linearia,
sessilia, reflexa. Bacca trilocularis, polysperma. —

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Tritium * erythrocarpum ; pedunculo cernuo, petalis ova-
libus undulatis acutis (albis basi purpureis) calyce
duplo longioribus, foliis cordato-ovatis subacuminatis
petiolatis.

Tritium erythrocarpum. Mich. Am. v. 1. p. 216. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 150. Sweet, Brit. Fl. Garden,
t. 212

Tritt pictum. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. v. 1. p. 2A4.

‘ee

Descr. Whole plant quite glabrous. Root a thick,
horizontal, oblong, fleshy, simple or divided tuber, throw-
ing down a few radicles, and bearing above, oblong-ovate,

rownish scales, from which the stalks emerge: these latter
are about a finger’s length (scarcely a hand’s length) high,
terete, simple, reddish below, having, at the extremity,
, rather large, patent, to-< wate, shortly petiolate

leaves,

——-

weftom triliw, tri f the
triliv, triple, from the ternate arrangement of the parts 0
flower and leaves, | :

leaves, waved, entire, acute, or Somewhat acuminate at the
extremity, with three principal nerves and several lesser
proceeding from these larger ones. From the centre of
these leaves arises a curved flower-stalk, an inch to an inch
and a half high, solitary, and producing a single flower,
which is slightly drooping. Calyx of three lanceolate
leaves, about half as long as the corolla, entire, green, often
slightly margined with red. Petals three, spreading, oval,
acute, waved, pure white, nerved, each having a large
purple spot near the base. Stamens six, three opposite,
and attached to the base of the petals, and three alter-
nate with them. Filament dilated upwards, where, on the
posterior side, are two linear, longitudinally-opening cells,
abounding in white pollen. Pistil: Germen oblongo-oval,
obsoletely three-angled, crowned with three sessile, recurv-
ed, white stigmas, which are minutely glandular above.

All the species of the Genus T'ritxium are well deserving
of cultivation in every collection of hardy plants: this is
eminently the case with the present individual, which is
rendered the more conspicuous, from its otherwise pure
white petals being marked with a bright purple stain. It
is probably not unfrequent in the more northern of the
United States of North America, and in Canada. Our
plants were sent to the Glasgow Botanic Garden by Mr.
Crrcuorn from Canada, and they flowered in the month of
April, having been slightly sheltered during winter.

——

Fig. 1. Petal and Stamen. 2, 3. Stamens. 4. Pistil.—Magnified.

a

LH del® Pub. by S Curtis, Walworth. July 1.1830 ==

( 3003 )
EUTOCA SERICEA. Sirky Evroca.

Be a ee os oe
Class and Order.

Prentanpria Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—Hypropnyiirz. Br. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus, persistens. Cor. subcampanulata: mem-
branule tubi decem, per paria filamentis alternantes. Stam.
exserta. Stylus bifidus. Capsula polysperma, unilocu-
laris, bivalvis, valvis indivisis medio placentiferis. Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Evtoca sericea ; caule suberecto basi ramoso, foliis pinna-
tifidis sericeis, filamentis corolla triplo longioribus,

\ ovulis pluribus.

Evroca sericea. Graham MSS.

‘=e:

Descr. Root perennial. Stem ten inches high, herba-
ceous, suberect, angular, red, hoary, leafy, branched at the
bottom. Leaves very numerous, spreading in a stellated
manner from the crown of the root and lower part of the
Stem, or scattered along the latter, smaller and more entire
upwards, pinnatifid, covered on both sides with e L
Pressed, white hairs, channelled, subdecurrent along the
petiole, the lower ones with their petiole about five inches
long, the upper ones linear, entire, and about one inch long ;
Segments incised on their outer edges, and each section has
a strong, central nerve, prominent below and channelled
above, Spike terminal, solitary, compound, dense, about
half the length of the whole plant. Spikelets erect, gradu-

ly elongating, hairy. Flowers erect, on the ore side of
the spikelets, expanding from below upwards. Calyx five-
> » Segments linear, nearly smooth on the inner side, on ~

the outer, covered like the pedicels, with long, spreading,
somewhat

somewhat matted, white hairs. Corolla (about three lines
long, four and a half across) inferior, subcampanulate,
bluish purple, equal to the length of the calyx; segments
three-nerved, blunt, entire, smooth, paler towards the base,
and there, on the inside, somewhat hairy, and each having
two over-lapping membranous wings, nectariferous. Sta-
mens five, nearly thrice the length of the corolla, connected
to its base, and alternating with its segments ; Filaments
straight, distant, tapering, purple, slightly hairy at their
origin, every where else smooth; Anthers yellow, placed
transversely, attached by their middle, bilobular, lobes
somewhat crescent-shaped, furrowed in the centre. Ger-
men green, ovate, subcompressed, covered with loose,
white, simple hairs, unilocular. Style erect, subangular,
purple, nearly as long as the stamens, bifid at its apex ;
Stigmas two, small, three-angled, green. Ovules numerous,
attached to each parietal receptacle.

This pretty and perfectly hardy alpine plant was raised
at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, from seeds col-
lected on the Rocky Mountains, North America, during
Captain F'ranxxin’s second expedition, by Mr. Drummonp.
It flowered in the open ground last summer, (1829,) but
much more strongly in May, 1830. Granam.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Part of Corolla and Stamen. 4. Pistil,
5. Section of Germen.— Magnified.

S
i
8
Ss
e,
%
‘
ss
5
&
2
5
SS
he
’s
\ mi

ST Ld det?
*

rd

C 3004 )

TerMInaLiA Catappa. Broan Downy-
LEAVED 'TERMINALIA.

ie eS es on Os i OO
Class and Order.

Decanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord —Compreracen. Br. )

Generic Character.

Flores abortu sepe polygami. Calycis limbus deciduus,
campanulatus, 5-fidus, lobis acutis. Pet. o. Stam. 10,
biserialia, calyee longiora. Ovarium biovulatum. Stylus
filiformis, subacutus. Drupa calyce non coronata, sepius
exsucca, indehiscens, I-sperma. Semen amygdaloideum.
Cotyledones spiraliter convolutea.—Arbores aut frutices inter
fropict. Folia alterna, sepe ad apices ramulorum conferta.
Flores spicati, spicis racemosis vel paniculatis, in parte spice
mferiore hermaphroditis, in superiore masculis. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Terminaria * Catappa ; foliis obovatis inferne attenuatis
Si cordatis obscure biglandulosis subtus nervisque
pubescenti-tomentosis.
Termin aria Catappa. Linn. Mant. p. 128. Jacq. Ie. Rar.
t.197. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 967. Lam. Dict. v. 1.
P. 348. De Cand. Prod. v. 3. p. 11. Spreng. Syst.
Veget. ». 2. p. 359.
AMARAM. Rheede, Hort. Mal. v. 4. p. 3 et 4.

‘ees

Descr. This is described by all authors as a very large

tree in its native soil, “ whose pyramidal form is erect

i

* So named from its many terminal branches and the numerous terminal

Jeaves upon those branches.

to that of the Spruce Fir, its top being composed of
branches arranged circularly in whorls, and spreading
horizontally” (Lam.); or as Dr. Roxsuren observes in his
MSS., so as to resemble a dumb-waiter. At Liverpool,
the tree which produced our specimens has already attain-
ed a height of twenty feet. Bark smooth, brown ; the
young branches clothed with rust-coloured down. Leaves
collected at the extremities of the branchlets, spreading
every way, and horizontally, from six inches to nearly a
foot in length, on very short stalks, clothed with rusty-
coloured down, obovate or inclining to wedge-shaped, acute
at the extremity, attenuated below, the base cordate, where
on each side of the midrib, is a gland raised on the upper
surface, depressed beneath: the margins are quite entire,
except that when very young, they have minute, glandular,
deciduous, brown teeth; there too they are clothed with
rusty-coloured pubescence, which soon disappears above,
except upon the nerve, while beneath they are downy, and
the down mostly ferruginous. The midrib sends off several
oblique, parallel nerves. Spikes axillary, much shorter
than the leaves, curved upwards, pubescent. Flowers small,
but numerous, sterile and fertile ones on the same spike.
Calyx pale green, shallow, 5-lobed, the lobes rather spread-
ing; within are ten stamens, those opposite the lobes lower
down, and each of them with an orange-coloured scale or
eland, which is densely villous; the other five higher up in
the sinuses of the lobes, and hence appearing longer. Fila-
ments white, glabrous. Anthers ovate, yellow. Germen
inferior, linear-oblong, attenuated upwards, slightly hairy.

The Fruit, given at Tas. 3004, is drawn from what Mr.
Parker and myself consider to be the same species, al
inhabitant (native ?) of Demerara. Should it be otherwise,
it may still serve to illustrate the character of this Genus.
It is a dry drupe, of an oval or broadly oval or obovate
form, compressed and almost winged at the sides and point,
invested with a thin, dark brown skin. Nut of nearly the
same shape, very hard, thick, marked with little spots and
hollows, whence proceed the numerous fibres which covet
the nut, one-celled. Seed attached to the upper end of the
cell, brown, inverted, oblongo-acuminated. Albumen none-
Embryo of the same shape as the seed. Radicle pointing
to the hilum: Cotyledons large, fleshy, beautifully and
spirally convoluted.

I was much gratified by receiving in April of the present
year, a flowering branch of the Terminauia Catapp4a, ae

i

my friends, the Messrs. Suepparps, raised in the great stove
of the Liverpool Botanic Garden ; where it has blossomed,
I believe, for the first time in this country. Nor can I
refer to a good figure of the plant. Those in the Hortus
Malabaricus are peculiarly unsatisfactory, while that of
JAcQuIN gives no idea of the size and beauty of the foliage.
An excellent drawing, indeed, sent from Calcutta by Dr.
Roxpuren, exists among the splendid collection in the
India House, which I had the opportunity of copying
some years ago, and it quite corresponds with our plant,
which was raised from seeds sent to Liverpool by Dr.
Watucu. Roxsuren, in his MSS., states the plant to be
a native of the Andaman Isles; Rueepe of the forests of
Malabar: but in regard to many useful plants, it is ex-
tremely difficult to say where the species is indigenous, and
where introduced from other countries. The var. 8, sub-
cordata, though allowed by De Canpotte to be scarcely
different, even as a var., from «, is reckoned by some a:
native of the Caribbee Islands. The Mauritius again is
considered to produce a species distinct from this: but the
plant which I have received from that island, from Caartes
Trtrair, Esq. and Professor Boszr, appears to me to be
identical with our T. Catappa. ats

The tree is said to delight in a sandy soil. Its fruit is
abundantly eaten, being, according to Lamarck, served up
at the first tables in India. Dr. Roxsureu compares the
flavour of the kernel to that of fine almonds or filberts.
An oil, too, is expressed from it, equal to the best olive oil,
and which does not become rancid. The wood is white,
hard, and useful for a variety of purposes, and the tree
itself, on account of its beauty and the shade it yields, is
planted about houses, &c. Emulsions are made by the
Indians of the fruit, and the leaves mixed with river-water
are said to cure the cholic.

Fig. 1. Base of a Leaf to show the Glands. 2. Flower. 3. Scale and
Stamen, 4, Stamen. 5, 5. Fruits from Demerara. 6. Fruit, with husk, cut
through to show the nut. 7. Seed. 8. Embryo. 9. Section of ditto—All
but fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, more or less magnified.

Me AUG * 4.497"

‘

Ls Aulwor Z

” Korg
J. CATE

aroha
aeit

( 3005 )

Dipymocarpus Rexir. Carpe Dipy-
MOCARPUS.

SEK KKK EEE EEE EERE EE
Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—BienoniAce#. )

Generic Character.

Didymocarpus. Wallich. Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. infundibuli-
formis, limbo 5-lobo, subirregulari, rarius bilabiato. Stam.
4, rarissime 5, quorum 2, nunc 4, antherifera. Caps. sili-
queformis, pseudo-quadrilocularis, bivalvis, hinc dehiscens ;
dissepimento contrarii lobis valvulis parallelis iis denique
emulis (ideoque fructum bicapsularem mentientibus) mar-
gine involuto seminiferis. Sezmina nuda, pendula. Jack
m Linn. Tr. v. 14. p. 32. ;

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Dipymocarrpus * Rexii ; foliis omnibus radicalibus paten-
tibus oblongis crenatis rugosis pubescentibus, scapis
bibracteatis unifloris, capsula spiraliter torta. _

_ Divymocarpus Rexii. Hook. Ex. Fl. t. 227. Lodd. Bot.
a Cab. ¢. T3057 ey ae, on.
Srreprocarrus Rexii. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. i ee

_ Descr. Perennial, ster less. Leaves, many from the

Same root, lying prostrate on the ground, from three inches |
_ toa span long, oval or more frequentl oblong, or almost
- lingulate, slightly convex on the up| er side, wrinkled,
_ downy, bright green, below much paler, and marke: with:

ae ae: ge aR numerous"

_* So named from &dvuoc, double, and xapmer, the fruit, which has, when
Tipe, and in the act of bursting, an appearance of being double.

numerous prominent veins. Scapes, several from the same
root, from a finger’s length to a span high, cylindrical, pur-
plish-brown, downy above the middle, bearing two, small,
subulate, opposite bracteas, single-flowered. Flower large,
handsome, drooping. Calyx five-partite ; segments erect,
linear, often recurved at the extremity. Corolla infundibu-
liform, three inches long, the twbhe downy, almost white,
the limb cut into five unequal, very obtuse lobes, of a deli-
cate pale blue, inclining to purple, the lower lobe having
three, the lateral lobes each two, dark purple lines. Sta-
mens two, perfect, antheriferous, the spreading, two-lobed
anthers meeting and apparently connected together, just
beneath the stigma: there are besides two pedicellated
glands, or abortive stamens. Germen linear, attenuated
into a short style: Stigma capitate, obtuse, divided at the
back into two short, transverse, downy lips. Capsule sili-
quiform, terete, spirally twisted, downy, purple, one-celled,
two-valyed ; each valve bearing a central, longitudinal
receptacle, spreading into two plates, so that the transverse
section somewhat resembles the letter T’, the plates reflexed
at the margin, and there bearing the many minute, oblong,
brown seeds.

For this, one of the most beautiful inhabitants of our
stoves and warm greenhouses, we are indebted to the Royal
Gardens of Kew, to which place it was introduced by Mr.
Bowie, His Majesty’s collector in Southern Africa. _Speci-
mens and seeds were gathered in the district of Knysna,
upon the estates of Grorcr Rex, Esq. after whom its dis-
coverer wished the plant to be named. So abundantly
does it produce seed, that new individuals come up a8
weeds in the neighbouring pots, and a succession of flowers
may be obtained at almost every period of the year.

et
——

Fig. 1. Capsule, nat. size.

3006.

swan?

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CROTALARIA OVALIS. OVAL-LEAVED
Hatry CRoTALARIA.

SEEK EK EEE EEK EEEEE EE
~ Class and Order.

Drape.tpuiA DEcANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminos2. )

Generic Character.

Cal. bilabiatus, lab. sup. bi-, infer. 3-fido. Cor. vexillum
cordatum, magnum, carina faleato-acuminata. Filamenta
omnia connexa, vagina sepius superne fissa. Stylus late-
raliter barbato-pubescens. Legumen turgidum, valvis ven-
tricosis inflatis, sepius polyspermum, pedicellatum.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Crorararia * ovalis; tota molliter hirsuta, diffusa, stipulis
acuminatis decurrentibus vel nullis, foliis simplicibus
ovalibus subsessilibus, pedunculis elongatis oppositi-
foliis 4—6-floris, calycibus bibracteolatis vexillo vix
brevioribus.

Crorazania ovalis. Pursh, Am. Sept. v. 2. p. 469. De
Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 125. Nutt. Gen. Am. ». 2. p.
94. Elliott, Sketch, v. 2. p. 194. Spreng. Syst. Veget.
v. 3. p. 238. | :

Crorararia sagittalis, y. ovalifolia. Mich. Bor. Am. »v. 2.
p. 5d. Boon oes:

Croranaria rotundifolia. Poir. Encycl. v. 2. p. A02.

Avyoxymos rotundifolia. Walt. Carol. n. 278.

=e

Descr. Root perennial, according to Mr. Norra.

Stems a foot or more long, green and herbaceous, _—_
| plan

* From xporaarov, a kind of Cymbals, used by the ancient Greeks. To the
sound of this instrument the noise of the hollow rattling pods of this Genus
has been likened,

plant, rounded, and clothed with soft patent hairs, as is
every part of the plant except the corolla and fruit : from
beneath many of the leaves (but not all) especially from
those whose axil bears a peduncle, there is an opposite pair
of acuminated decurrent stipules, but not by any means
forming a continued wing to the stem. Leaves remote,
simple, very nearly sessile, unequal in size, almost exactly
and broadly oval, rather acute, obscurely penni-nerved.
Peduncles elongated, from three to six-flowered. Pedicels
curved, bracteated, bracteas subulate. Calyx distinctly
two-lipped, and with two opposite, subulate bracteole;
deeply bifid in the upper lip into two ovato-lanceolate seg-
ments, which are bent back by the reflexed vexdllum ; lower
one three-partite, the segments linear-subulate, rather longer
than the upper ones, all very hairy. - Corolla bright yellow.
Vexillum broadly cordate, retuse, a little longer than the
calyx, on a short and broad claw. Ale oblong, obtuse,
concave, connivent at the extremity, shorter than the calyx.
Carina concealed within the alz, acuminated, a little twist-
ed at the point, pale yellow. Stamen with the tube cleft
above. Germen lanceolate. Style long, a little hairy on
the upper side. Legume (immature) obovato - cylindrical,
inflated, tipped with the long style. Seeds or ovules very
numerous.

Raised in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden from
Mexican seeds, and flowering in the month of April, 1830.
It appears so entirely to accord with the C. ovalis of Pursu
and Norra, that I can scarcely entertain a doubt of its

being that plant : hence it is also a native of Carolina and
Georgia.

—
————————

Fig. I. Calyx. 2. The Ale. 3, Carina. 4. Pistil. 5. Immature Seed-
Vessel, nat. size. 6, The same, with a portion removed to show the young
Seeds.—All, but fig. 5, more or less magnified,

3007,

WISH del? a Pub by S. Curtis, Walworth tug? LB30. Whe

( 3007 )
MoricanDIA ArvENsIs. Firtp Moricanpia.

KEKE EEE EEE KEKE KEKE KK
Class and Order.

TETRADYNAMIA SILIQuosa.
( Nat. Ord.—Crucirerz. )

Generic Character.

Stliqua tetragona, subanceps. Semina biseriata, ovata,
parva. Cotyledones conduplicate. Calyx basi bisaccatus.
—Flores purpurascentes.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Moricanpia * arvensis ; siliquis subtetragonis, foliis cauli-
nis cordato-amplexicaulibus integerrimis.
aad! arvensis. De Cand. ee Y, v. 2. p. ee
yusd. Syn. v. 1. p. 221. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p.
914. ile Br. Fl. Gard. t. 278. Reichenb. Ic. Bot.
t. 403.
Brassica arvensis. Linn. Mant. p. 95.
RRITIs arvensis. Br. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v.
(8) Brassica suffruticosa. Desf. Atl. v. 2. p.

a

4. p. 108.
94.

Descr. Root small, biennial, or probably in the var. 8,
Perennial. Stem erect, dichotomously branched, one to
two feet high, rounded, and, as is the whole plant, perfectly
glabrous. Leaves rather remote, ovato-cordate, amplex-
icaul, obtuse, glaucous-green, quite entire, with several
spreading, short, pale nerves, branching off from the mid-
Nb. Flowers large, handsome, in a terminal, lax, raceme.

racteas none. Pedicels rather long, slender. Calyx erect,
Most cylindrical, of four leaflets, of which two are broader,
wa opposite,

i

as honor of Sreruen Monricanp, an Italian Botanist and author of Flora

opposite, remarkably saccate at the base, the other two
opposite ones are exceedingly narrow, especially at the
base, and not in the least saccate; all of them purplish-
green. Petals equal, the limb obovate, obtuse, or retuse,
pale purple, beautifully and delicately veined, deep purple
at the base; the claw long, linear, slender, pale. Sta-
mens scarcely longer than the calyx: four longer ones with
broader filaments. Anthers oblong, broader at the base,
yellow. Pistil shorter than the stamens. Fruit: a siliqua,
three to five inches long, slender, tetragonal, the angles
ribbed, with rather a long beak, and a small, emarginate
stigma. Seeds small, in two rows, oblongo-obovate, pale
brown, scarcely winged or margined. Cotyledons folded,
so as to represent when cut through transversely the letter
V; and to the face of the inner one the radicle is applied.

The Glasgow Botanic Garden is indebted for the posses-
sion of this plant to Messrs. Youne of Epsom, whose choice
collection of plants is only equalled by the liberality with
_ which they distribute them wherever they can be of real
service to Science, and who may justly be ranked among
the first and most zealous cultivators in the kingdom.
Although introduced, as we learn from the Hort. Kew.,
ever since the year 1739, to Great Britain, it yet exists,
we believe, in no collections, but those which derived it
from the Messrs. Youne; though few plants are more
worthy of cultivation.

The colour and size of the flowers are remarkable in this
tribe. In England it has been treated, though a native of
Barbary, Greece, and the Levant, as a hardy annual. In
our less genial climate, we have hitherto given it protection

in the greenhouse, where it has flowered in March a
April.

_ Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Calyx, with Stamens and Pistil. 3. A longer, and 4,4
shorter Stamen. 5. Pod. 6. Portion of ditto, 7. Seed. 8. Section of ditto.
—All more or less magnified.

5008.

Wilde» Luk by § CurtisWalworite Ang? 11556.

( 3008 )
RIBes CEREUM. Waxy Currant.

EEK EEE EEE EE EE EKER
Class and Order.

PentanpriA Monoeyni.

( Nat. Ord—Grossunarieg. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-lobus, laciniis minus coloratis. Pet. 5, parva,
albida, lutea vel rubra. Stam. 5, rarissime 6, filamentis
liberis. Styli 1, 2, 3, 4-fida. Bacca unilocularis, recepta-
culis lateralibus. Semina arillata (an in omnibus?) oblonga,
compressa, D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Rizes* cereum; inerme, foliis cordatis lobatis serratis glan-
duloso-pubescentibus glabris glaucis superne albo-
glandulosis, racemis pendulis, floribus paucis subsessi-
libus cylindraceo-subangulatis, bracteis ovatis appressis
dentato-serratis.

Rives cereum, Douglas in Herb. Hort. Soc. Bot. Reg.
t. 1263.

eee

Descr. “ A much branched, compact, twiggy shrub,
four to six feet high in its native climate.” Doveras MSS.
Stems clothed with a greyish- brown bark, when young
slightly downy, partially coated with a resinous or waxy
Substance and glandular, when old, cracking and peeling
off. Leaves small, in my living specimens not at all downy,
Petioled, five-lobed, the lobes rounded, serrated, glaucous-
steen, studded on the upper side with white glands, or very
minute warts, perforated in the centre, from which a waxy

or

* . .
The name of an acid plant, antiently applied to the Rheum Ribes.

or resinous substance exudes, partially covering the foliage.
Racemes about as long as the leaves, pendulous, pubes-
centi-glandulose, as are the bracteas and flowers: these
latter are few, three to five (Dovetas), nearly sessile, and
collected into a sort of head at the extremity of the pe-
duncle. Bractea large, ovate, concave, dentato-serrate at
the extremity, much longer than the germen, and quite
concealing the lower part of the flower. Calyx cylindrical,
with five obtuse angles corresponding with the five small,
recurved segments, pale yellow-green, almost white. Petals
each a small white scale, scarcely protruded above the
tube. Stamens 5, inserted above the middle of the tube
of the calyx. Anthers very small, yellow. Germen glo-
bose, subdepressed, green, glabrous. Style as long as the
tube. Stigma 2-lobed. “ Berries smooth, scarlet, glossy.”
(Dovetas.)

Introduced by Mr. Davin Dovetas to the Horticultural
Society of London, (to whose liberality our Glasgow Bota-
nic Garden is indebted for the plant,) having been dis-
covered by him growing abundantly on the Columbia and
its Southern po sa | streams, from the Great Falls to the
Rocky Mountains, delighting in light gravelly or sandy
soils. It does not appear that the fruit is particularly
agreeable.

It is perfectly hardy, and flowers in April and May.

: Fig. 1. Flower and Bractea. 2. Pistil. 3. Stamen. 4. Petal. 5. Por-
tion of a Leaf, with its Glands. 6, One of the Glands,—All more or less
magnified,

3009,

eae

Pub. by 8 Curtis Malwcrth sagllsoe

S/S Edel.

( 3009 )
RANUNCULUS MILLEFOLIATUS. MILFOIL-
LEAVED CROWFOOT.

KEE KE EE EEE EEE EEE EEE
Class and Order.

PotyanpriA Potyeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—Ranuncutacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis basi non solutis, deciduis. Pet.
5, rarius 10, intus basi squamula foyeolari nectarifera in-
structa. Stam. ovariaque plurima. Cariopsides ovate, sub-
compress, in mucronem aut cornu semine vix longiores
desinentes, leves, striate aut tuberculate, in capitulum
globosum cylindraceumve disposite. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ranuncutus millefoliatus ; carpellis levibus compressis in
spicam oblongam digestis, stylis uncinatis, foliis de-
compositis multifidis glabris lobis lineari - oblongis
acutis, caule parce folioso adpresse villoso 1-floro,
calyce adpresso, radice grumoso.

Ncutus millefoliatus. Vahl, Symb. Bot. v. 2. p. 63.

—t.37. Desf. Atl.v.1. p. 441. t. 116. Willd. Sp. Pl. v.
2. p. 1328. «Sm. Fl. Gree. t. 521.” De Cand. Syst.
Veget. v.1. p. 266. Ejusd. Prodr. v. 1. p.27. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 647. Ten. Prodr. Fl. Neap.
Suppl. 3. p. 377. SS

‘eee

Descr. Root formed of a cluster of oblong-elliptical
tubers, generally terminated by a fibre, and mixed with
fibres. Leaves mostly radical, on long stalks, multifid ;
their primary and secondary divisions opposite and rather
remote, the’ rest mostly alternate, the segments linear-

oblong, acute, quite glabrous. Those of the stem gre ae

three, gradually smaller upwards, sessile, less compound,
with more linear segments. Stem and the terminal solitar
peduncle erect, with close- pressed hairs, énale-lomue
Flowers large, bright yellow. Calyx of five ovato-lanceo-
late, rather acute, glabrous, green leaves, the margin yel-
lowish, appressed to the corolla. Petals five, spreading,
obovato-cordate, the pore at the claws covered by a small
scale. Pistils collected into an oblong, crowded spike:
styles attenuated, recurved at the extremity; in fruit, these
are recurved for nearly their whole length.

Ranuncuwus millefoliatus is an inhabitant of the northern
parts of Africa, especially the mountains about Tunis, of
Greece, Sicily, and the Neapolitan dominions. I have
specimens gathered by Vaut, in Barbary, others collected
by Witiam Swainson, Esq. in Sicily, and Italian ones
from Professor Tenore; but I am not aware that it has
been known to our cultivators till the latter Botanist sent
seeds to the Glasgow Garden about two years ago. The
plant has succeeded well, is perennial, and aided by the
shelter of a frame in winter, it produces its large and hand-
some blossoms, which continue long in perfection, in the
month of April.

_ Fig. 1. Calyx-leaf, 2. Petal. 3. Pistil. 4. Spike of Carpels scarcely
ripe (nat. size). 5. Single Carpel or Capsule.—All but fig. 4, more or less
magnified,

( 3010 )

PHRYNIUM COLORATUM. COoOLOURED-SPIKED
Purynivum. |

KKK KEKE EEE KEK KEK EKEEK
Class and Orded:

Monanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Cannez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 3-phyllus, coloratus. Cor. tubo elongato, limbo
b-partito, lacinia inferiori (seu labello) difformi. Anthera
lateralis simplex. Stylus corolla adnatus, superne liberus,
Mcurvatus, abruptus. Stigma obliquum. Germen inferum.

Specific Character.

Puryxium * coloratum ; scapo radicali aphyllo medium
versus bractea longa vaginata, capitulo subgloboso
laxo, bracteis ovato-acuminatis coloratis, foliis ob-

longo-lanceolatis.

‘eee

Descr. Root horizontal, thick, ses and fibrous.
Leaves eight or nine inches long, oblongo- anceolate, gla-
tous, green, glossy above, acuminate, with the costa or
‘"ai-rib not exactly in the centre, throwing out numerous,
rather closely placed, lateral nerves, the margins at the
lo ‘Meeting at the upper side of the costa. Petiole a foot
ong, with exceedingly long sheathing bases. Scape erect,
‘gid, terete, a foot and a half high, rising from the root,
remote from the leaves, leafless, but having a joint below
~ middle, where is inserted a very long, dark purple,

thing bractea : for the greater part of the length the
, co colour

colour is green, but red at the extremity. Head somewhat
globose, lax, with numerous large, ovato-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, concave, red bracteas, within each of which is a sessile
cluster of several bracteated, rather bright orange-coloured
flowers, of which cluster, two are generally open at the
same time. Bracteas, as well as the whole flower, orange-
coloured. Calyx, or outer perianth, of three erect, convo-
lute, carinated leaves, as long as the tube of the corolla.
Corolla tubular for the greater part of its length: limb
decurved, double, the outer, of three nearly equal, concave,
acute, deep orange-coloured segments, the inner of two
paler ones, the upper larger, and in part embracing with its
incurved sides the lower one or lip, which is irregular,
laciniated, with one of the laciniz obliquely curved. To
the inner side of the lower lip, and decurrent with the
tube, is fixed the style, which is broad, flat, linear, remark-
ably curved in its upper or free part, truncate at the ex-
tremity: stigma oblique. Filament of the stamen broad,
truncate, inserted on one side between the upper and lower
inner petal. Germen inferior, subglobose. :
For this handsome and graceful species of Purynium
our country is indebted to Ricuarp Harrison, Esq. who
introduced it from Brazil. The plant from which the
accompanying drawing was taken, had flowered at Went-
worth House, whence it was sent by the able Botanic gar-
dener there, to the Messrs. Suepparps of Liverpool, who,
judging from the flowering spike that the species was
hitherto undescribed, at once obligingly forwarded it to me.
I here follow the amiable and learned Mr. Roscoz in
combining Cararnea with Purynium ; no satisfactory cha-
racters, that I am aware of, having been yet pointed out,
by which the two genera are to be distinguished. |
P. coloratum flowered in Lord Mitron’s stove in the
month of April, 1830. .

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. The same; the Calyx and the three outer segments of
the Corolla being removed. 3. Portion of the inner Limb of the Corolla,
laid open to show the Stamen, and the free portion of the Style—Magnified.

HSH det? Pub by S. Curtis, Walworth, Sep” LI830 Swan Sz

( 3011 )

BIGNONIA GRANDIFOLIA. GIGANTIC-LEAVED
'TRUMPET-FLOWER.

KKK KKK KEKE EERE ERE EE
Class and Order.

DipynAmiA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Bienontcez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. campanulatus, integerrimus, repandus vel subden-
tatus. Cor. campanulata, limbo bilabiato, 5-lobo. Fila-
mentum 5 sterile. Stigma bilamellatum. Capsula silique-
formis, bilocularis, dissepimento valvis parallelo. Semina
transversa, biseriata, membranaceo-alata. Spreng.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Bienonta grandifolia ; foliis conjugatis cirrhosis, foliolis
oblongis ovalibusve undulatis glaberrimis utrinque
acutis, racemo terminali, pedicellis bi-bracteolatis -
unifloris vel trifloris, pedunculis petiolis ramulisque
punctato-scabris.

Bienonta grandiflora. “ Jacq. Hort. Schoen. v. 3. p. 19.
t. 287.” Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3. p. 296. Bot. Reg. t.
418. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 830.

eee

Descr. Stems climbing toa very great height, branched ;
ranches rounded; glabrous, brownish, the younger ones
green, rough with small warts or oblong raised points.
aves opposite, conjugate, stalked, as are the leaflets, main
petioles rough like the stem, and bearing long, simple ten-
rils at the extremity between the petioles of the leaflets.
pape from six or eight inches to a foot or a foot and a
alflong, oblong or oval, waved, acute at each extremity,
Strongly nerved, quite entire and glabrous, glossy above

and bright green, paler and with prominent veins beneath.
Raceme

Raceme large, handsome, from between a pair of leaves,
and frequently bearing a small pair of leaves upon the
peduncle. Peduncles flexuose, opposite, about an inch long,
single-flowered, and with two bracteas in our plant, three-
flowered according to Jacquin. Calyx a short, oval tube,
coriaceous, glabrous, green, brownish at the edge, entire at
‘the margin, but often cleft on one side. Corolla three
inches or more long, with a rather compressed tube, swollen
upwards, its limb cleft into five, nearly equal, spreading,
very wavy, roundish segments, the lowermost one bifid: its
color is a full deep and bright yellow, glabrous except at
the base within, at the mouth marked with reddish lines in
dots. Stamens pale yellow. Filaments, and even the
small sterile one, glanduloso-hirsute at the base. Anthers
of two oblong, divaricated, one-celled lobes. Germen
oblong, attenuated at the base, placed on a large, globose,
fleshy, yellow-green gland. Style filiform, shorter than the
corolla. Stigma bilamellate.

Iam indebted to my friend J. T. Mackay, Esq., of the
Dublin College Botanic Garden, for the specimen here
figured of this. most desirable inmate of the stove, and
which is, I believe, still of rare occurrence in our collec-
tions. Its foliage and flowers are amongst the handsomest
of the family of the climbing plants: but with a view to its
blossoming in perfection, a great deal of space must be
allowed to it. It flowered in April.

TS

Fig. 1. Calyx, laid open to show the Germen and Gland. 2. A perfect
and the sterile Filament :—slightly magnified.

( 3012 )
LopetiA Kravussi1. Dominica LoBELiIA.

SKK KKK KEE EEE EEE EE EE
Class and Order. —

PentanpriA Monoaynts. —
( Nat. Ord.—Campanutacez. Sect. Il. Br. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-fidus. Cor. 1-petala, irregularis. Anthere cohe-
rentes. Caps. infera, bi- seu trilocularis.

Specific Character and Synonym. —

Lorrria* Kraussii; caule herbaceo glabro erecto ramoso,
foliis lanceolatis subsessilibus decurrentibus argute
serratis utrinque nudis, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis
foliis longioribus, laciniis calycinis subulatis subden-
tatis patentibus corollaque glabris. |

Losensa Kraussii. Graham in Ed. New Phil. Journ. —

Descr. Root perennial. Stem a foot to a foot and a
half high, succulent, green, glabrous, rae from de-
current leaves, erect, branched. Leaves (four and a half
inches long, three-fourths of an inch broad, ) numerous,
scattered, lanceolate, glabrous on both sides, shining, bright
green above, paler below, sharply serrated, the serratures
largest at the base, subsessile, decurrent, much smaller
towards the top of the stem, slightly bullate, strongly
veined, veins prominent on both sides. Peduncles three
mches long, axillary, selitary, numerous towards the top
of the stem, one-flowered, nearly twice the length of the

diminished Ieaves, from the axils of which they spring,

smooth, compressed, and having two, subopposite, bristle-
shaped,

_* Named in compliment to Martaew Lonen, an English Botanist, physi-
‘lan to our first JAMES.

shaped, smooth,-decurrent bracteas near the middle, below
which they are bright green, paler in the centre, and red
towards the top. Calyx red, glabrous, persisting, of five
rather unequal, subulate segments, (five to seven lines
long,) spreading at right angles to the peduncles, and each
with a very few obscure teeth. Corolla one inch long, red,
marcescent ; tube compressed, cleft to its base along the
upper side, but spreading little; limb five-parted, segments
linear, subulate, with the apices deflexed, the two upper
ones the broadest, the three others turned downwards, and
that in the centre rather the smallest. Stamens shorter than
the corolla, marcescent ; filaments white, smooth, forming
a half cylinder, and united, except towards the base, where
only they are free and pubescent ; anthers lead-coloured,
terminated by a dense, white beard; pollen abundant,
whitish. Stigma bilabiate, segments revolute, rounded,
glandular, slightly hairy behind. Style as long as the
stamens, yellowish, somewhat clavate, continued down-
wards into the dissepiment, marcescent. Germen glabrous,
bilocular, with a conical, empty beak, which afterwards
falls down, rising above the calyx, otherwise inferior.
Ovules numerous, attached to a central receptacle, the
transverse section of which is kidney-shaped in each locu-
lament. Seeds minute, pale brown, lenticular, hollow on
one side; when seen under a microscope appearing dotted
and shining. '

The seeds of this plant were obligingly communicated to
me from Dominica, in September, 1828, by my valuable
correspondent, Dr. Krauss; in acknowledgment of whose
kindness, I have named the species. It first flowered in the
stove of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, in January and
February last, and is ornamental. ‘ j

In the arrangement of the species, Losenia Kraussit
must stand near L. persicifolia of Lamarck. GRAHAM.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens and protruded Stigma :—magnified.

3013.

— cpu

~®

Swan <i

WIE del? Pub by 8 Curtis. Walworth Sep'L1850.

( 3013 )

-ENcYCLIA PATENS. SPpREADING-FLOWERED
ENCYCLIA.

seskeskeokesakokokokeobobeakakakeakeokeokeokeake
Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuiez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium subconnivens vel patens, laciniis subequali-
us. Columna libera, aptera, nunc superne bidentata,
bello trilobo, ecalcarato, magis minusve circumvoluta.
thera terminalis, 4-locularis. Masse pollinis 4, per
es filo elastico in ipsis reflexo connexe.

Specific Character:

Encycuia * patens ; perianthii laciniis patentibus duabus
interioribus spathulatis, labello profunde trifido, lobo
medio obovato integro.

aves. Scape from the centre of these leaves, supporting a
panicle of six to eight moderately sized flowers. Perianth

e two inner spathulate and acute ; their texture is rather
hick and fleshy. Lip standing forward, longer than the

Segments of the perianth, narrow at the base, pale yellow,
| streaked

* See folio 2831.

streaked with red lines within, cut into three deep lobes, of
which the lateral ones include the column by curving up-
wards, the intermediate lobe is the largest, obovate, entire.
Column semicylindrical, white, with two incurved teeth,
one on each side above. Anther hemispherical, of two
double cells, bearing yellow, waxy, pollen-masses. Germen
clavate, tapering downwards into a pedicel.

This, a second species of the new Genus Encycuia, was
obligingly communicated, and accompanied with a sketch,
by Mrs. Arnotp Harrison, from her rich collection at
Aigburgh; with the information, that it was gathered in
woods above Rio de Janeiro by Mr. Warr, and that it
imparted a delightful fragrance. The general structure of
the flowers is so similar to those of the Encycuia viridi-
flora (t. 2831,) communicated by the same lady, and from
the same country, that I have no hesitation in referring it to
that Genus: the character of which, I find it consequently
necessary in some degree to correct.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Labellum, and the Column forced up from the Label-
lum. 3, 4. Anther-case. 5. Double Pollen-masses, from one of the double
Cells of the Anther :-—Magnified.

TL 7
H del F

( 3014 )
paANcurnra VELUTINA. VELVETY VANGUERIA.

Seek
Class and Order. —

PentanpriA Monoeynia.

- nt te 8 Fi

( Nat. Ord —Rvstcez. )

Generic Character.

_ Cal. 5-dentatus, dentibus patentibus. Cor. campanu-

lata, limbo patente, fauce pilosa. Stam. tubo inserta, an-

theris promimentibus. Stigma capitatum. “ Bacca (non
a 4—}-locularis, 4—5-sperma. Sem. forma Amyg-
- dale.’’

Specific Character.

Vaneverta * velutina; ubique velutina, foliis cordato-
ovatis.

ie

Descr. A shrub, growing in the stove of the Liverpool
Botanic Garden to a height of three feet, clothed on the
stem, leaves, calyx, and exterior of the corolla, with a soft,
velvety tomentum. Leaves large, opposite, nerved, shortly .
petiolate, cordato-ovate, rather acute, entire, much waved, —
most downy beneath. Stipules opposite, from between the
leaves, large, appressed, broadly oval, obtuse, with a long,
erect, soft point, very downy. Flowers axillary in the
lower leaves which soon fall off as the flowers advance. to
perfection, in short, dense cymes, of a pale, yellowish-green
colour. Calyx of five linear-lanceolate, spreading, or often
reflexed teeth. Corolla between campanulate and infundi-
buliform, the tube broad, the limb in five ovate, spreading
Segments, the faux almost closed with long, erect hairs.

‘amens inserted just within the tube : Filaments short,

3 : ; glabrous :

~SNE=!Pm—Pmmnaamnmn™-’_

* The Voa-vanguier of the people of Madagascar.

glabrous: Anthers ovate, two-celled, yellow, exserted be-
yond the mouth of the corolla. Pistil : Germen inferior,
roundish, downy ; at its mouth, within the calyx, is a cir-
cular, yellow gland or ring : Style subulate, fleshy : Stigma
extinguisher-shaped, blunt, large.

The present plant boasts of little beauty, but is deserv-
ing of a figure, as a new species of a Genus, whereof
only two have been hitherto described : namely, the Van-
curr edulis of Vant, an esculent-fruited plant, native of
Madagascar, and V. spinosa of Roxgureu, an inhabitant
of Bengal and China. The present is, like the former,
a native of Madagascar, and was received thence at the
Liverpool Botanic Garden, where it has blossomed in May
of the present year, 1830. It is at once distinguished from
V. edulis by its leaves being broad and cordate at the base,
and by the beautifully velvety foliage. |

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Calyx and Pistil. 3. Stamen. 4. Section of the
Germen:—magnified.

WS del*

a ee ae
: bas nhs o
Lid OF DEMS

Az

Pi

a

,
BAT
iif

ly, S6pUEIO

Swat 3

( 3015 )

CEROPEGIA ELEGANS. BEAUTIFUL
CEROPEGIA.

KK KEKE EEE EEE EERE EERE
Class and Order. —

PenranpRIA DicyniA. —
( Nat. Ord.—Ascrepiapex. Br. )

Generic Character. —

Corona staminea exterior abbreviata, 5-loba; interior 5-
phylla, foliolis ligularibus indivisis. Masse pollinis basi
affixe, marginibus simplicibus. Stigma muticum. Folli-
cult cylindracei, leaves. Semina comosa. Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Crropeeia* elegans ; volubilis levis, radice fibrosa, foliis
oblongis acutis, pedunculis axillaribus 1- vel 2-floris,
corollz tubo clavato incurvo basi inflato-ventricoso,
limbo hemispherico, laciniis ligulatis longé ciliatis;
lobis coronz staminee exterioris profundé 2-partitis.
Wall. MSS.

‘Crrorrcia elegans. Wall. MSS.

‘=e

__Descr. The whole plant smooth, somewhat fleshy,
climbing to a considerable extent. Root consisting of
many filiform fibres, without any tubers. Branches numer-
ous, long, and slender. Leaves opposite, remote, spread-
‘ing, oblong acute, or ending in a short acumen, about three
‘Mehes long, dark-green and shining above, pallid under-
neath, with elevated ribs, and capillary, distant nerves,
which unite near the margins by means of arcuate veins ;

- supported

Settee

* . e bd
“ae unpos, war, and wnyn, a fountain, in allusion to the delicate, waxy
S of some species.

supported on cylindrical, curved, furrowed footstalks, which
conceal within their axils a few of the minute, subulate,
fleshy bodies, which belong to the family of AscueriapEs,
Peduncles axillary, solitary, thickish, round, shorter than
the petioles, one or two-flowered. Flowers large, inodor-
ous, of a purple colour, speckled with green, on slender,
half-inch long, partial peduncles, each of which has at its
base one or two small, linear, purplish bracteas. Corolla
deeply five-cleft, closely pressed to the enlarged base of
the corolla ; lacinie spreading, linear -subulate. Corolla
nearly an inch and a half long ; tube club-shaped, curved,
much swelled and yventricose at the base, widening again
at the upper end into the large, round, slightly depressed,
five-cleft border; lacinie tongue-shaped, acute, bent in-
bene | and connected by their apices, having between
them large and wide interstices ; their sides are bent back-
wards so as to become contiguous, and the margins furnish-
ed with a row of long, black, shining, straight, loose and
vacillating hairs ; the inside of the border is dark purple.
Organs of Fructification very small, concealed in the bot-
tom of the corolla, and surrounded with a double corona ;
the outer one five-cleft, or, rather, ten-cleft, in consequence
of the five lobes, which are linear-subulate, and converge
over the inner corona, being deeply two-cleft ; inner corona
five-cleft, lobes subulate, rather obtuse, undivided, oppo
site to those of the outer corona. Anthers fleshy, clavate,
naked, bilocular ; the cells being large, membrane-mar-
gined. ~Pollen-masses ovate, obtuse, erect, connected in
pairs by means of a very short pedicel to the apex of a small,
brown, sulcate corpusculum. Stigma indistinctly five-cor-
nered, depressed, with an obscurely two -lobed, cent
prominence. “Wari. MSS. , 3

The Company’s Botanic Garden of Calcutta is indebted
to the Venerable Archdeacon Hawrayye of Bombay for this
ornamental plant, which is one of the most elegant of the
Genus to which it belongs. It was_ discovered on the
N ilghiry range, and forwarded to the garden in 1824; where
it blossoms profusely in the beginning of every year. A
living plant was brought to England by Dr. Waxiicu, ™
1828, which was presented by the Hon. Court of Directors
of the East India Company to His Majesty’s garden @
Kew, where it is now in full flower.

—$<$—<———

_ Fig. 1. Calyx and, Pistil. 2. The double Corona Staminea. 3. ‘The inne?
ditto. 4. Portion of the outer and inner Crown, with two Pollen-masses;?™ —
the angular Stigma. 5. Pollen-masses. 6. Pistils—Magnified.

WIA adel?

~ ory Swary Se
Lub by S.Gurts Walworth. Sep! L180. ety

( 3016 )

BracHYsTELMA crispUM. WAVED-LEAVED
BraACHYSTELMA.

BARNS OR DR ons Ons Os Oo
Class and Order.

PenTANDRIA DieGyNIA.
( Nat. Ord.—AscLEPIADEZ. )

Generic Character.

Corolla campanulata, simubus angulatis. Colwmna in-
clusa, Corona monophylla, 5-fida ; lobis antheris oppo-
sitis, dorso simplicibus. Anthere absque membrana apicu-
lari. Masse pollinis erecta, basi insert. Brown MSS.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Bracnysteima * crispum; foliis elliptico -lanceolatis, co-
rolla laciniis tubo duplo longioribus, pedunculis SH-
pius aggregatis.

Bracuysreima crispum. Graham, Descr. of Rare Plants,
in Edin. Phil. Journ.

Descr. Tuber four inches in diameter, round, flattened,

slightly depressed, having in the centre a rugged crown or
i permanent, about half or three

quarters of an inch high, from which the stems ef ring 7. 4.
ightly Hat-

Stems several,

eee

my From fpayys, short, and ctaua, a crown, in allusion to the short corona of
flower.

glandular pubescence, crisped, on short petioles, with a
strong middle rib, and a few veins prominent beneath : at
the flowers, the pairs occasionally approach, so as to give
the appearance of a four-leaved verticel. Peduncles nearly
three-fourths of an inch long, simple, rarely solitary, gene-
rally aggregated, situated on the side of the stem, between
the leaves, two or more frequently agglutinated together in
the luxuriant specimen described. Bracteas small, awl-
shaped, at the base of the peduncles. Calyx small, five-
parted, pubescent, segments awl-shaped, and very much
resembling the bracteas. Corolla monopetalous, pubes-
cent within, naked without ; limb five-parted, plicate, occa-
sionally twisted, forming to the bud an angular, blunt beak,
about an inch long, of the same colour as the back of the
leaves, segments afterwards spreading wide, their edges
revolute, upper surface dark olive-green, faux devoid of
pubescence, yellow, especially within-side, crowded with
deep purplish-brown, oblong, transverse spots, which on
the outside are fewer and more rounded ; tube campa-
nulate ; crown deep-purple, included, monophyllous, with
five teeth, which are connivent over the stigma ; there is an
emarginate, erect border on the outside of each, and be-
tween them five pits, over which are situated the truncated
stamens, each having two distinct pollen-masses, and a de-
pending, central, double beak. Germen of two smooth,
green, conical follicles ; each with many ovules attached to
their inner side. Stigma common to both follicles, large,
flat, white.

Several bulbs of this plant were collected in Southern
Africa, by Mr. Bowie, and sent, with many others, in the
spring of 1829, to Mr. Nett, in whose stove at Canonmills
they flowered in May, 1830. The species approaches Bra-
cuysTetma spathulatum, Bot. Reg. t. 1113, but it seems to
me evidently distinct. Mr. Ne has received another
plant, which has not yet blossomed, from the same qual-
ter, of which the leaves are flat and elliptico-spathulate,
while the bulb is somewhat elevated in the centre. It
seems probable that it will prove to be the B. spathulatum.
In the natural groupe of plants to which BracuysTELMA
belongs,. there are many fetid species, but I am not ac
quainted with any whose smell is so decidedly stercora-
ceous as the present individual. Granam.

-( 3017.)
ANTHERICUM BULBOSUM. BULBOUS-ROOTED
Lancasuire ASPHODEL. |

Se ae ie is A a i
Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeyni. |
( Nat. Ord.—AsPHODELEZ. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium sexpartitum, patens, equale, deciduum.
Anthere versatiles. Ovarium loculis polyspermis. Stylus
filiformis. Stigma subpapillosum. Capsula subglobosa,
3-locularis, 3-valvis, valvis medio septiferis. Semina pauca,
angulata, umbilico nudo. Br. peo = i

‘Specific Character and Synonyms.

Antuericum* bulbosum ; bulbo depresso, filamentis decli-
~ natis omnibus barbatis. Br.

Anrnericum bulbosum. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 275.

Burzine australis, Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 86.

‘eee

Descr. Bulb in our plant roundish-ovate, somewhat
truncate at the top, partly rising above ground, and bearing
a few fleshy, short fibres. Leaves all radical, white at the

, and surrounded by some lanceolate, sheathing scales,
the rest darkish-green, linear, attenuated, semiterete and
deeply grooved above, quite glabrous, 4 foot and more
long. Scape a foot and a half to two feet and more high,
Naked, terete, glabrous, bearing a raceme of numerous,

dsome, bright-yellow flowers, which, as the flowers ae
Pand, lengthens considerably. The buds are greenish,

| pet Bd purple. Pedicels at leng h patent, gern

* From aubegenos, as ta by the Greeks to the stem of the AsPHODEL.

inch long, slender, with a small, subulate bractea at the
base. Perianth patent, in five very deep, narrow, ovate,
concave, segments. Stamens spreading, about as long as
the segments. Filaments very hairy, and, especially, the
anthers at the back and between the two linear lobes, where
the hairs are exceedingly long : all yellow. Germen small,
globose. Style declined, subulate, as long as the stamens,
almost white.

For this species of Anrnericum our Botanic Garden at
Glasgow is indebted to Mr. Fraser, the Colonial Botanist
at New South Wales, many plants of it having flowered
with us during the months of May and June. Only two
species of this Genus are yet enumerated as natives of New
Holland; of these, one (A. semibarbatum, Br.) has fibrous
roots and stamens of which the outer only are bearded ;
the other, (A. bulbosum, Br.) has a bulbous root and all
the stamens bearded. The latter characters are conspi-
cuous in our plant: but Mr. Brown further says of his A.
bulbosum, that it has depressed bulbs and declined filaments,
characters which do not well accord with the present indi-

vidual : on which account it may, perhaps, deserve to be

considered a new species. Mr. Brown gives it as a native
of Port Jackson.

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Pistil —magnified.

TA AE FO.

aD
&
=
w
=

=

Pub. by S$. Curtis,

( 3018 )
JoNESIA AsocA. FRAGRANT JONESIA.

KEKE KEE EEE EERE ER
Class and Order.

HexanpriA OcTAnpRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Lecuminosm. Div. Cassiex. )

Generic Character.

Bracteole 2, opposite ad basin calycis. Cal. coloratus,
infundibuliformis, tubo longo clauso carnoso, limbo pa-
tente 4-lobo, lobis ovatis. Pet. o. Stam. 8 (interdum 6,
7—9) ex fauce calycina orta, longe exserta, libera aut ima,
basi nonnulla subconereta. Ovarium stipitatum, stipite in
parte infer. calycis tubo adnato superne libero. Stylus
filiformis. Legumen 4—8-spermum, compresso-planum,
acinaciforme, suturis callosis. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Jonesta* Asoca; caule arboreo. D C.

Jonesta Asoca. Roxb. in Asiat. Res. v. 4. p. 853. Hort.
Beng. p. 27. De Cand. Prodr. ». 2. p. 487.

Jonesta pinnata. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 287.

Saraca indica. Linn. Mant. p. 98.

Saraca arborescens. Burm. Fl. Ind. p. 85. t. 25. f. 2.

Assocam. Hort. Mal. v. 5. p. 117. t. 59.

eee

Descr. A tree of middling height, much branched, with
an erect trunk and a spreading head. Leaves alternate,
abruptly pinnate, with generally five pairs of opposite,
Ovato-lanceolate, subcoriaceous, acuminated leaflets, short-
ly petioled, four to six inches long, entire, quite glabrous,

me somewhat

——

* So named in honour of the late Sir Witt1am Jongs, a zealous cultivator

ik patron of Botany, as well as of other branches of Science and of general
iterature,

somewhat glaucous beneath: the rachis terete, swollen at
the base, where is a lanceolate, deciduous stipule. Flowers
of a rich orange-red colour, delightfully fragrant, collected
into a rounded, compact panicle, with many small bractee,
and situated in the axils of the leaves, than which they are
much shorter. Pedicels short, red. Bractee two, opposite,
oval, red, resembling a calyx, as the calyx, in its rich co-
lour, resembles a corolla. This latter is hypocrateriform ;
its tube solid and fleshy, except just at the mouth, cylin-
drical, or a little enlarged upwards : the limb consisting of
four spreading, oval, at length reflexed segments. At
its mouth is a deep-red, fleshy, annular ring : upon which
the stamens, mostly six in number, are inserted; two
opposite all the segments of the calyx but one. Filaments
purplish-red, long, flexuose. Anthers oblong, inserted by
the middle of the back, dark purple. Cor. o. Pistil on
a short stalk, inserted into the mouth of the tube, and on
that side where the stamens are wanting : sometimes
abortive. Germen linear - lanceolate, compressed, reddish,
slightly hairy. Style long, curved: Stigma capitate. The
Jruit 1 have not seen. I have represented it (reduced) from
a drawing in the possession of the Hon. the East India
Company. It is described by Dr. Roxsures, as acinacl-
form, reticulated, six to ten inches long, and about two
inches broad. Seeds four to eight, smooth, grey, of the
size of a large chestnut.
_I was favoured with the specimen here figured of this
highly beautiful, fragrant, and interesting plant by the
Messrs. Surruerps, from the stove of the Liverpool Garden,
whither its seeds had been sent (packed in mould) by the
Rev. Dr. Carey of Serampore. So skilful had been the
mode of treatment pursued, that it flowered in great per-
fection when only four feet high. Few could at the first
sight of the flower, consider this plant as belonging to
the Lecuminosm: the blossoms have a much greater re-
semblance, both in form and colour, to some species ©
Ixora ; being quite as beautiful, while its foliage is more $0-
Roxeureu tells us that the tree is commonly cultivat
_ about Calcutta, but that it is indigenous in the interior ; a8
it is likewise of the Malabar coast and of Java. I have
fine specimens from the Mauritius, sent to me by my often-
mentioned friend, Mr. Trenrarr.

4

Fig. 1. Flower. 2, i 3 “
vidiest Section of the upper part, magnified. 3 —<_ :

3019

Pubby S. Curiie Walworth: 0ct” LIEFO

( 3019 )

HypRASTIS CANADENSIS. CANADIAN
Y ELLOW-ROOT.

Class and Order.

PoLtyanpRiA Potyeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Ranuncunaces. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 3-sepalus, sepalis ovatis; Pet. 0. Stamina_ovari-
aque plurima. Cariopsides baccate, plurime in capitulum,
stylo terminate, 1-loculares, 1—2-sperma ; Semina obovo-

idea levigata. D C.

Specific Name and Synonyms.

Hyprastis * canadensis. : 2

Hyprastis canadensis. Linn. Sp. Pl. p.'784. Mich. Bor.
Am. 2.1. p.317. Willd. Sp. Pl. 2.2. p. 1340. Pursh,
Fl. Am. v. 2. p. 389. De Cand. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p.
218. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 23. Spreng. Syst.
Veget. Cura post. p. 220. (not of Poiret Encycl. et Lam.
Ml. t. 500.)

ARNERIA canadensis. Mill. Ic. t. 285.

ae

Descr. The root, which I have not seen, is perennial,
and described by authors as composed of fleshy tubercles,
of an intensely yellow colour, affording a dye of the same
tint, bitter, somewhat pungent and tonic, according to Dr.

ARTON. Stem erect, herbaceous, rounded, about a foot
high, simple, hairy upwards, bearing two leaves of a rather
iit size, the lower one petioled, the other sessile, palmate,

with three or five deep inciso-serrated segments, hairy,
veiny,

* From 6xp, water: this plant growing in moist places.

veiny, dark green. Flower-stalk solitary, terminal, about
two inches long, single-flowered. Flowers small. Calyx
of three deciduous, broadly-ovate, pale greenish- white,
concave, slightly-downy segments. Stamens many, longer
than the pistils. Filaments flat, dilated upwards, contract-
ed again below the anther, whose two cells are separated
from each other and lateral. Pistils several. Germens
oval, glabrous, attenuated upwards into a short style.
Stigma obtuse, scarcely lobed. The fruit, which I have
not seen, resembles a raspberry, is red, and consists “ of
many little two-seeded berries collected into a globose head,
and each crowned with the persistent style, one-celled, two-,
or by abortion, one-seeded, one seed placed above the
other. Micu.

I had the satisfaction of receiving a flowering specimen
of this rare and little-known plant, in May, 1830, from the
garden of Mr. James Smita of Monkwood Nursery, Ayr.
It was introduced into England, according to Mr. P. Mi-
ter, in 1759, and was figured by that author in his Icones,
above quoted. It was probably then soon lost to our gar-
dens, and has now been again imported by Mr. Smitu,
whose collection is so rich in the rarer American plants.
It is stated by Micuavx to be an inhabitant of the tract of
the Alleghany Mountains, from Canada to Carolina, yet I
have never received specimens of it from any of my Ameri-
can correspondents, though I have particularly requested it.
The plant so called by Porrer, and figured in the Illustra-
tiones of Lamarck, (t. 500,) though quoted as such, by Sir
James E. Sairu, is rightly referred by De Canpbo te to his
Acta palmata. On that account, and because a represent-
ation does not exist in any generally accessible work, with
which I am acquainted, I have been glad of this opportu-
nity of giving it a place in the Botanical Magazine, al-
though the fruit is still a desideratum ; and although it is
not a plant that recommends itself as eminently deserving
a place in our flower-gardens, save in those of the curious.

Fig. 1. Flower, after the Calyx has fallen away. 2, 3. Leaves of the
Calyx. 4, Stamen, 5. Pistil.— Magnified. ¢

WIE del?

Pub by S Curtis. Walworth. Oot.” LBC

C 3020 )

PrIMULA PUSILLA. PALE-FLOWERED AME-
RICAN Birp’s-EYE PRIMROSE.

KEKE EERE EEE EEEEEE EEE
Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Primutacez. )

Generic Character.

Flores subumbellati, involucrati. Cal. tubulosus, 5-fidus,
s. 5-dentatus, persistens. Cor. tubulosa, fauce vel nuda
vel glandulosa, limbo 5-lobo. Caps. apice 10-dentata, po-
lysperma. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Primuta* pusilla; foliis obovatis basi attenuatis acute
dentatis subtus calycibusque farinosis, involucri foliolis
basi vix gibbosis, corolle laciniis obcordatis bifidis
(pallidis) tubo subaeque longis.

Primuta pusilla. Goldie in Edin. Phil. Journ. v. 6. p. 322.
t. 11. f. 22. Hook. Exot. Fl. 0. 1. t. 68. Richardson
in Frankl. ist Journ. ed. 2. App. p. 21. Spreng. Syst.
Veget. v. 2. p. 575. Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. 2d Ser.
t. 5. :

Descr. Root small, fibrous, perennial. Leaves many,
from the crown of the root, spreading, about two inches
long, obovate, attenuated at the base, but not stalked, dis-
tinctly and sharply toothed at the margin from the base to
below the middle, pale green above, mealy below. Scape
from three or four to six and seven inches high, scarcely

mealy,

* See derivation at t. 2973.

mealy, naked, bearing an wmbel of several flowers. Invo-
lucre of several lanceolate, subulate leaves, slightly con-
cave, but scarcely gibbous at the base, a little mealy.
Peduncles slender. Calyx oblongo-oval, cut about half
way down into five lanceolato-ovate, erect segments.
Corolla: tube cylindrical, yellow ; limb of five, horizon-
tally patent, obcordato-cuneate, bifid, very pale, whitish,
flesh-coloured segments, the mouth yellow, with five obso-
lete, yellow glands, and a bright yellow ring round it.
Germen globose: Style nearly as long as the tube: Stigma
capitate.

Great difficulty unquestionably attends the determining
those species of the Genus Primuta that are allied to the
P. farinosa, among which the present may certainly be
reckoned. Ihad been lately disposed to unite it with what
I take to be the true P. mistassinica, figured at t. 2073 of
our Magazine, but on seeing that figure, Mr. Goxpie, the
original authority for P. puszlla, pronounced the two to be
decidedly distinct. At his suggestion, therefore, I have
again examined the P. pusilla as it flowered in a cold frame
in our Glasgow Botanic Garden, in April, 1830, and all the
differences that I can discover are detailed in the figure
and in the description. If these should prove constant,
therefore, I have no hesitation in pronouncing the two
plants distinct. |The present has always pale flowers
(whence I have been led to doubt the correctness of
SWEET’s figure), and they are delightfully fragrant. The
species inhabits many parts of Canada, where it is not un-
_ frequently mistaken for the real P. farinosa.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Calyx and Pistil—Muagnified.

5021

gran se

Fab. by §. Curtis, Walworth, Oct? 11830.

WIA del?

(. 3021 )
ARABIS COLLINA. Hitt Rock-Cress.

Class and Order.

TTETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.
( Nat. Ord.—Crucirer2. )

Generic. Character.

_ Stliqua linearis, valvis planis medio uninerviis. Semina
in quoque loculo 1|-serialia, ovalia aut orbicularia, com-
pressa. Cotyledones plane, accumbentes. Flores albi, aut
rarius-rosei. DC.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Arazis* collina; foliis oblongo-ovatis sinuato-dentatis pu-
bescentibus pube stellata, radicalibus petiolatis cau-
linis sessilibus, siliquis pedicello octies longioribus
erectis. :

Aranis collina. “ Tenore Prodr. Fl. Neap. xxxix.” De
Cand. Syst. v. 2. p. 241. Prodr. v. 1. p. 148. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 893.

Descr. Root “ perennial,” small, fibrous, throwing up
two or more stems. Stems six to eight inches high, erect,
leafy. Leaves pubescent with minute, downy, stellated
hairs, those of the root spreading, numerous, spathulate
and petiolate, large, those of the stem ovate, or ovato-
oblong, sessile, smaller upwards, and semiamplexicaul, all
of them coarsely and even sinuato-dentate at the margin.
Raceme terminal, leafless and destitute of bractee, always

drooping when in flower. Pedicels long, slender, quite
q | aap Gee me glabrous.

—___—

* This word signifies native of Arabia; ‘a territory, of which the dry nature

Sf this plant and a general preference of arid spots, caused it to be pres

glabrous. Calyx glabrous, erect, of four oblong leaflets,
tinged with purple, two opposite ones saccate at the base.
Petals obovato-cuneate, retuse, clawed at the base, of a
delicate, purplish, rose-colour, twice as long as the calyx.
Stamens shorter than the petals. Anthers oblong, yellow.
Pistil, linear, filiform, erect. Stigma scarcely dilated,
notched.

This very pretty species of Rock-Cress will in all proba-
bility prove hardy, and amply deserving of cultivation on
account of its graceful and drooping raceme of pale purple
flowers. Seeds of it were sent to our Botanic Garden, by
Dr. Fiscuer of St. Petersburgh, and the plant has been
hitherto with us confined to the frame. It is a native of
hills in the environs of Naples ; but I am not aware that it
has any where been figured.

Fig. 1]. Flower. 2. Petal. 3. Pistil.— Magnified.

“WI Rdele

3022

( 3022 )
RANUNCULUS MONTANUS. YELLOW Movun-
TAIN RANUNCULUS.

KEKE KEKE EE KKK KEK KR EKEK
Class and Order.

PotyanprRiA Potyeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Ranuncunace. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis basi non solutis, deciduis. Pet.
5, rarius 10, intus basi squamula foveolari nectarifera in-
structa. Stam. ovariaque plurima ; cariopsides ovate, sub-
compresse, in mucronem aut cornu semine vix longius
desinentes, lzves, striate aut tuberculate, in capitulum
Slobosum cylindraceumve disposite. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ranuncunus* montanus; caule 1-floro, foliis (paucis) gla-
bris tripartitis laciniis bi- trifidis laciniis oblongo-
cuneatis, apice obtusis inciso-serratis supremis sessili-
bus, ultimi laciniis linearibus integerrimis, peduncnlo
appresso-piloso, sepalis patentibus subpilosis, germini-
bus in capitulo subrotundo -aggregatis, stylo subeque
longo uncinato, radice tuberoso. ; :

Ranuncutvs montanus. Willd. Sp. Pl. p. 1321. De Cand.
Syst. Veget. v.1. t. 276. Prodr. v. 1. p. 36. Spreng,
Syst. Veget. v.2. p.651. Schlecht. Anim. II. p. 19.

Ranuncutvs nivalis, “ Scop. Carn. ed. 2. n. 686?” Jacq.

Austr. t. 325, 326. (non Linn.)

an

Descr. Root an oblong, horizontal, truncated, and

knobbed tuber, throwing down from its under side very
| many

* From Rana, a frog; many of the species inhabiting the places where
those animals abound. _

many exceedingly long and stout fibres, scarcely divided
but at or near the extremity, with small, hair-like radicles,
and bearing, above, one or two short stems, scarcely a
finger’s length in height, erect, terete, rather stout, gla-
brous. Leaves few ; one or two lower ones petioled, the
rest (generally two) sessile, orbiculari-cordate in their cir-
cumscription, glabrous, deeply divided into three oblongo-
cuneate, obtuse lobes, often again bifid, and at the extre-
mity, inciso-serrate, nerved, dark green, paler beneath :
petiole flat above, sheathing, and purplish at the base. The
uppermost leaf (or bractea) besides being sessile, has about
five linear, entire, acute lobes. Peduncle terminal, solitary,
single-flowered, terete, clothed with appressed hairs. Calyx
of five, patent, concave, ovato-lanceolate, acute, yellow-
green leaves, slightly hairy with spreading hairs. Corolla
large, of five broadly-obcordate, very bright yellow petals,
glossy above, paler beneath, and opaque. Scale small,
with a pore above. Germens numerous, collected into a
rounded head ; style nearly of the same length, recurved,
yellow.

Ranuncutvs montanus is a native of Alpine pastures in
various parts of the South of Europe, from those of Car-
pathia to the Italian and Pyrenean chains. But it is lia-
ble to considerable variation in size and hairiness, and
Jacquin has devoted two plates to its different appearances.
ScHLECHTENDAL unites with it the R. Villarsii of De Can-
DOLLE, and observes how closely allied to it is R. Gowani of

ILLDENOW.

_ It isa very handsome species, and well worthy of cultiva-
tion in every collection of hardy, and especially Alpine
plants, flowering in April and May if slightly protected
from the severity of the winter frosts, and increasing rapid-
ly by its curious roots. The colour of the flower is 4 par-
ticularly bright yellow, and the upper side is quite glossy.

ee

Fig. 1. Petal. 2, Calyx and Stamens. 3. One of the Pistils—Magnified.

3023.

Se
Swat ©
WAH dv}

Pub.oy §. Curtis. Walworth, det? 1150.

.

( 3023 )
SciLLA PUMILA. Dwarr S@QuILL.

KEKE EEE KEKE EKER EK
Class and Order.

HexanpriA Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—AspHopELeEz. )

Generic Character.

Cor. subrotata. Stamina equalia, basi petalis adnata.
Semina globosa. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Scitta * pumila; corolla patente, folio solitario vaginante
apice calloso, racemo erecto, bracteis pedicello multo
brevioribus.

Scizxa pumila. Broteir. Fl. Lusitan. v. 1. p. 527. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 67. Graham in Edin. Phil. Journ.

Descr. Leaf (two inches long, half an inch broad)
generally, or always as in the specimen described, solitary,
involute, ovato-acuminate, with a callous, subcylindrical
apex, somewhat carinate, waved, glabrous. Scape about —
the same length as the leaves, erect, filiform, glabrous,
green, racemose (five-flowered in the present specimen, )
pedicels purplish, gradually to about half an inch, spring-
ing from the axil of a small, sheathing bractea, which is
Occasionally drawn out into a point, projecting from some
part of a truncated, ragged extremity. Corolla of a bright
lilac colour, half an inch across, its segments spreading,
subunguiculate, ovate, slightly undulate, having a blue,

thickened middle rib, and an inflected mucro. Stamens
inserted

=
—

* (omarw, I injure, according to Mituer). The root of Scruna is a vio-
lent poison, as food, but often employed to great advantage in medicine. It
is remarkable that the Arabic name for this plant is identical: asgy/.

inserted into the base of the corolla, and rather more than
half the length of its segments; filaments light lilac, di-
lated towards their base, but contracted immediately
above their insertion; anthers erect, blue; pollen greenish.
Germen blue, ovate, three-lobed, with a distinct lighter-co-
loured suture along the front of each lobe. Style furrowed.

This pretty little species of Scixxa flowered in the garden
of Davin Fatconar, Esq. of Carlowrie, near Edinburgh, in
May, 1830. It is a native of Portugal, and is said to vary
rarely with white flowers.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3, Pistil—Magnified.

C. pubescens,

W SH. del?

, er } 1230.
Pub. by S. Curtis, Walwortly, Oct” LIES!

5024

Swan”

( 3024 )

CYPRIPEDIUM PARVIFLORUM. LESSER-FLOW-
ERED LaApy’s SLIPPER.

KEE RK EEE EEE EERE K KEKE
Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA DIANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Labellum ventricosum, inflatum, (nunc saceatum.) Co-
lumna postice terminata lobo petaloideo (stamine sterili,)
antheras distinguente. Petala 2 antica sepius connata. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cyprirepium * parviflorum ; caule folioso, lobo columne
triangulari acuto, labello petalis breviore subtus super-
neque depresso.

Cypripepium parviflorum. Salish. in Linn. Trans. v. 1. p.

17. t. 2. f. 2. Pursh, Fl. Am. v. 2. p. 594, Ait. Hort.

Kew, ed. 2. v. 5. p. 221. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 143.

Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 80. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v.

3. p. 745. (not Bot. Mag. t. 911.)

lee

Dzscr. Stem solitary, erect, downy, about a foot high,
rounded, leafy. Leaves slightly downy, especially the
uppermost ones, few, remote, ovato-lanceolate, acute,
waved, striated, four to five inches long. Flowers very

dsome, delightfully fragrant, especially at night, soli-

» or two at the extremity of the stem, each placed on
a bracteated peduncle ; bractea large, leaf-like. Corolla
sreenish at the base, the rest either a rich chocolate-brown,
or a greenish ground spotted and striated with brown :
Upper petal broadly ovate, acuminated, waved, the two
ower ones combined into one, pointing downwards, of the
Saine shape as the upper one, the latter considerably longer

than the lip, the lower (double one) scarcely so cg oe

* For derivation, see t. 2938 (Cyrripep. macranthon.)

lateral petals considerably longer than the rest, linear-lan-
ceolate, spirally twisted, all of them downy at the base
within. Labellum standing forward horizontally, bright
yellow, veined, and furrowed at the veins, oval, convex
below, yet somewhat flattened, above decidedly depressed,
the mouth somewhat elliptical, blotched with red at the
margin as is the inside. Column short, cylindrical; its peta-
loid lobe cordato-triangular, fleshy, keeled below, grooved
above, bright yellow, greenish in the centre, and spotted
with red. Stigma stalked, greenish, on each side of which
is a horn-like process, bearing each a sessile anther, with
two cells, and a waxy, or horny-like pollen. Germen curv-
ed, not twisted, downy, cylindrical, sulcate, tapering into
the stalk.

I have been much gratified in the early part of the present
month (May, 1830,) with the beauty and variety of CypripeDtA,
and the numerous specimens of each kind, flowering under a com-
mon frame in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, at one and the same
time. C. macranthon, humile, spectabile, arietinum, pubescens,
and parviflorum, seemed to vie with each other in the rich
colours, or curious structure of their blossoms. The two latter
I had now the opportunity of comparing in a living state, and
of ascertaining that, however difficult it may be to discriminate
between them in the dried specimens, they were now at once to
be recognized by the form of the labellum and the upper petal of
the corolla. Wui1LipENow makes the only distinction to exist In
the lobe of the column, which I find to be the same in both, or
to possess only occasionally trifling differences. The lip in both
is said to be compressed; but they are so in a very different
manner. That of C. pubescens (whose whole flower is con-
siderably larger and paler coloured) is remarkably convex, a8
gibbous above as below, (see fig. A.), and only /aterally com-
pressed, whereas the same part is in our plant somewhat
flattened below, remarkably so above, and consequently broader
from side to side, than it is from top to bottom. In C, pu-
bescens, the upper petal is longer, lanceolate, and much atten-
uated, and its blossoms are scentless; in the present individual,
the upper petal is broadly ovate, acuminated, the bases of
the petals are less hairy, and the flowers yield a powerful and
delicious fragrance. Our roots were sent from Canada.

C. parviflorum of Old Series of Bot. Mag. t. 911, should assur-
edly be referred to C. pubescens, and should be thus characterized:
C. pubescens ; Wixup. caule folioso, lobo columne trian

acuto, labello petalis breviore subtus superneque conveX0"

_ gibboso lateraliter compresso.

C. parviflorum. Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 911.

—

Nore. It ought to have been stated when describing Tritium erythro"
carpum in a late number (vid. t. 3002) that the plant erroneously figu

. —a by Mr, Curtis, t. 855, is Trituium grandiflorum, as D

Pub. by $. Curtis, Walworth, Nov? 1.1830

8
3
&

James Macnab del?

( 3025 )
Hipiscus SPLENDENS. SpLenNDID Hisiscus.

SEEK EEE EEE EEE EKEEEEK
Class and Order.

MonapeELPuHiA PoLyAnpRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—MaAtvacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. cinctus involucello sepius polyphyllo, rarius foliolis
paucis aut inter se coalitis. Petala hinc non auriculata.
Stigmata 5. Carpella in capsulam 5-locularem coalita,
valvis intus medio septiferis, loculis polyspermis aut rarius
monospermis. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Hisiscus * splendens ; “ frutex, aculeis rectis basi tuber-
culatis, corolla expansa extrorsum costis pluribus
flexuosis tomentosis, calyce 5-fido laciniis acutis 3-
nervibus carinatis, involucro multipartito laciniis line-
ari-subulatis interdum ramosis calyce paulo brevio-
ribus, pedunculo supra medio oblique articulato, foliis
palmatis 3—5-lobatis lobis lanceolatis.” Graham. :

Himiscus splendens. Frazer MSS. Graham in Edin. Phil.
Journ. p. 175.

Descr. Stem woody, in our specimen ten feet high,
erect, round. Bark every where green, covered with short,
stellated pubescence, interspersed with short, spreading,
nearly straight, tubular acule?, arising from large, callous,
glandular bases, which are red on the young parts of the
plant. Branches axillary, woody, scattered, ascending,
round. Leaves six or seven inches long, six inches broad,
spreading, palmated, three to five-lobed, light green, re-
ticulated, thickly covered with rather harsh, stellated,
unbranched pubescence on both sides; lobes lanceolate,
unequally serrated, ribs and veins prominent and aculeate
below. ‘Petioles three to five inches long, nearly as long as
the leaves, slightly flattened above, filled with pith, which

is

* For derivation, see t. 2891. (H. liliiflorus.)

is continued into the ribs of the leaves. Stipules an inch
long, green, subulate, linear, unconnected with the petioles,
pubescent on the outside. Peduncle solitary, single-flower-
ed, longer than the petiole, from the axil of which it springs,
and resembling it, filled with pith, obliquely reticulated,
and bent about three-fourths of an inch from the calyx.
Involucre about an inch long, green, divided to its base
into many linear-subulate segments, which are occasionally
branched, smooth on the inside, covered on the outside
with long, harsh, simple, spreading hairs, arising from glan-
dular bases. Calyx yellow, deeply five-cleft, rather longer
than the involucre, densely covered with softer, shorter
hairs on the outside, smooth within ; segments tapering,
three-nerved, two of the nerves lateral, the other forming a
strong keel. Corolla (in our plant, three inches and a half
long by six inches across when expanded,) rose-coloured ;
petals with many colourless, flexuose nerves, prominent on
the outside, and there, especially, pubescent, connected to
each other and to the lower part of the united filaments near
their base, while towards their lower part, each having two
dense tufts of dark-red wool on the inside of its callous
base, within a large, obcordate, slightly orange-coloured
spot, having a dark rose-coloured margin. In the entire
flower this margin forms a continuous line around the cen-
tre, inclosing a space about half an inch in diameter, and
five tufts of red wool, produced by the confluence in pairs of
the tufts on the petals. Stamens numerous, united ; fila-
ments at the lower part pale, above rose-coloured; Anthers
dark crimson, arranged in a pyramidal form; Pollen-gra-
nules very large and spherical: Style projecting beyond
the stamens, as is usual in the Genus, but much shorter than
the petals, supporting five deep red, hairy, round stigmas.

ermen covered with erect, silky hairs, quinquelocular ;
Ovules numerous, attached to the central receptacle, and
arranged in two rows in each loculament. Seeds ash-
coloured, wrinkled, warted, angular.

This noble plant was raised in various collections from New
Holland seeds, sent by Mr. Fraser, in 1828, but I am not aware
that it flowered any where prior to the present time, (May, 1830,)
when it produced its superb blossoms in the stove of the Royal
Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. Its only fault as an object of culti-
vation is its great size, but in its native situation it must present a
most brilliant appearance. Mr. Frazer writes of it: ‘ this I
consider the king of all the known Australian plants, I have seen it
twenty-two feet and a half high. The flowers, this season, mea-
sured nine inches across, they were of the most delicate pink am
crimson colour, and literally covered the entire plant.’””? GRAHAM.

———oor

Fig. 1, Piliferous Gland from the Stem.~-Magnifted.

3026

Pub. by S. Curtis, Walworth, Nov! 11850.

ee #7. del :

( 3026 )
SAXIFRAGA PETREHA. STONE SAXIFRAGE.

SEK KEE KEE EERE EERE
Class and Order.

DecanpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—SaxirraceEs. )

Generic Character.

_ Cal. 5-fidus, inferus vel superus vel semisuperus, per-
sistens. Pet. 5. Capsula birostris, intra rostra dehiscens,
polysperma, dissepimento placentifero, seminifero. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Saxirraca * petrea ; annua, glanduloso-pilosa, foliis car-
nosis trilobis, radicalibus cordatis lobis incisis sublonge
petiolatis, caulinis subcuneatis supremis indivisis, pe-
dunculis germinibusque inferis glanduloso - hispidis,
laciniis calycinis oblongis erectis, petalis obovatis re-
tusis.

Saxirraca petrea. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 578. Jacq. Ic. Rar.
». 1. t. 81. Don, Saxifr. in Linn. Tr. v. 13. p. 443.
Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 369.

Saxrrraca rupestris. Willd. Sp. Pl. ». 2. p- 653.

Saxirraca Pone. Sternb. Saxifr. p. 47. t. 18, et t. 1. f- 6.

Descr. Root annual. Stem erect, and, as well as the
branches and leaves, glanduloso-pubescent, reddish, terete,
much branched, the branches often divaricating. Leaves
mostly trifid, fleshy, those of the root on long, slender
Stalks, cordate, the three lobes bi- or trifid, the segments
short, ovate, rather acute, those of the stem generally in-

clined to be cuneate, the segments simple, linear, the va
ra

————

* For derivation, see t. 2959 (S. leucanthemifolia).

ral ones often bifid, the uppermost ones resembling bracteas,
small, entire. Flowers moderately large, on terminal and
lateral, simple, or mostly nice peduncles, which latter,
as well as the inferior germen, are hispid with glandular
hairs. Calyx superior, glabrous, of five erect, oblong, ob-
tuse, erect segments. Petals obovato-cuneate, pure white,
retuse, three-nerved below. Stamens alternately shorter.
Styles two, small, abortive ? (in the present individual).
The present very pretty species of SaxrrracE was sent by
Joun Hunneman, Esq. of London, from the continent, to
the Glasgow Botanic Garden, under the name of Saxirr.
Pone. Authors seem now to be generally agreed, in con-
sidering this as identical with S. petrea : and, indeed, the
specimens quite accord with the true S. petrea, which I
have gathered abundantly in Savoy, upon the “ Petit
Mont Cenis.” It is a native also of the Monte Baldo in
the north of Italy, and of the Carinthian Alps, while the
same plant has been introduced to our collections by Mr.
Drummonp, from the Rocky Mountains of North America.
It is quite a hardy plant, and flowers in May.

Fig. 1, Flower. 2. The same, from which the Petals have been removed.
3. Pistil. 4. Segment of the Calyx and two Stamens. 5, Styles and Top or
Disk of the Germen.—Magnijied.

3027

ae
ar saree

ae RR a

brirth Wor” EO

( 3027 )
ScorzONERA MOLLIS. Sort Viper’s-Grass.

KEKE KEKE EEE EEER
Class and Order.

SyNGENESIA AUQUALIs.
( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. Div. Cicnoracea. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum imbricatum squamis latiusculis. Recepta-
culum nudiusculum. Pappus plumosus, sessilis v. stipi-
tatus. .

Specific Character and Synonym.

Scorzonera * mollis ; caule uni- trifloro foliisque lineari-
subulatis canaliculatis involucroque pubescenti-tomen-

tosis, radice tuberosa. OF te fae
- Scorzonera mollis. M. Bieb.

Descr. Root a large, and almost woody tuber, more or
less lobed. Stem woody below, in the wild specimens very
short and single-flowered, in the cultivated ones elongated,
(a span high) branched, three to four-flowered, woolly,
glaucous. Leaves crowded at the base, remote upwards,
~ Tinear-subulate, often recurved, deeply canaliculate, downy,
especially beneath, almost cobwebby, glaucous-green, ex-
ternally striated, the margin of the lower leaves brown.
~ Peduneles lateral and terminal, slightly thickened upwards,
cobwebby. Involucre cylindrical, of few large, closely im-
bricated scales, the lower ones the most downy. Corollas
linear obtuse, five-toothed, not numerous, the tube long,

hairy

* The word Scorzonera owes its origin to scurzon, (the Catalonian name

for a Viper,) this plant passing in Spain for an assured remedy against the

__ bite of that reptile. There is reason to fear, however, that the form of the
__ Foot, often resembling a serpent, has had some share in causing this belief.

hairy above. Anthers large, conspicuous, dark brown.
Style, in our specimens, often geniculated, and drawn out
as it were, below the anthers. Stigmas long, linear, revo-
lute, bright yellow. Germen oblong. Pappus of several
unequal, scabrous, and plumose hairs.

The Genus Scorzonrera is one, the determination of
whose species is attended with considerable difficulty, and,
probably, many varieties have been raised to the rank of
species. Such I have no reason to believe is the case with
the present individual, which appears to have been disco-
vered in T'auria, by Marscuatn Breperstein, and described
by him, probably in the Supplement to the Flora 'Taurico-
Caucasica, a work which I have not the good fortune to
possess. Dr. Fiscuer sent the plants to the Glasgow
Botanic Garden, which, sheltered by a cool frame, blossom-
ed in April, 1830. I am indebted also to Baron Steven,
for native Tiaurian specimens: and from those individuals,
I have drawn the singular tuberous root.

Fig. 1. Root (from a wild specimen) nat. size. 2. Floret. 3. Hair of the
Pappus. 4, Portion of the Hair itself—Magnified.

5028

Lieb. a ‘
ry §. Curtis, Walworth, Nov! 1.1830

3 : Swat fe ¢ ee

__ 0US observances attended its preparation for that p

( 3028 )
SeLtaco Gitus. Dr. Giiw’s Seago.

KEE EKER EE EEE EEE EEE EEE
Class and Order.

DipynAm1a ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Senaeinez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. monosepalus, ovatus aut campanulatus, 3—5-fidus
aut 3—5-dentatus. Cor. tubulosa, 4—)-loba. Stam. 4.
Capsula 2-locularis, loculis sporite separabilibus mono-
Spermis. Choisy.

Specific Character.

SEtaco * Gillii; caule terete subsimplici pubescente, foliis
sparsis lineari-oblongis glabris, floribus umbellato-

capitatis, calyce tripartito pubescente.

Descr. Stem hardly a foot high, rounded, slender,
terete, shrubby and downy, scarcely branched. Leaves
Scattered, erecto-patent, linear-oblong, rather obtuse, gla-
brous, entire, slightly convex above, about three-fourths of
an inch long. Flowers collected into a somewhat umbellate
head. Bracteas lanceolate and downy. Calyx downy,
oblongo-ovate, deeply cut into three lanceolate teeth, of
which one is smaller than the other two. Corolla of a deli-

cate purplish rose-colour: éube long and slender, much sa
; to)

ii aeainaliag a

Celtic lan e: signifying beneficial to the sight. The same word sel is the
root of rm Bg as the ieee of Fingal is called in Ossian, = “a egy et
lle-vue. There seems to be no analogy, except in ea ae tia ‘isis
ELAGO of the ancients and the present plant, and it is not easy of x Wes
why Linnavus thus appropriated it. The Szevaco of the Celtic nation

eld in hi +e. +4 diseases of the eyes, and many superstiti-
d in high esteem, as a specific in diseas oo by the Druids.

* Derived, according to Tuéis,

ceeding the calyx in length: the limb of five, spreading,
linear-oblong segments, of which the outer one is the
longest. Stamens four, inserted within the tube, of which
two are protruded. Filaments glabrous, thickened up-
wards. Anthers transverse, one-celled, yellow. Style ex-
serted : Stigma simple.

Of the twenty-one species of the Genus Sznaco, de-
scribed by M. Cuoisy in his Mémoire sur la Famille des
Selaginées, one only is characterized by having a three-
partite calyx, namely S. ciliata: but that is abundantly
distinguished from our present plant by the different foliage,
the long spikes of slender flowers, and the ciliated leaves,
calyx and bracteas.

S. Gillii is an elegant little shrub, for the possession of
which our Glasgow Botanic Garden is indebted to Mr.
Beck of the Cape of Good Hope. The seeds were gathered
in the interior of Southern Africa by Dr. Gitt, to whom I
have dedicated the species.

ued 1. Flower. 2. Bractea. 3. Calyx, 4. Stamens and Style.—Mag-
nified.

Pub. by & Curtis, Walworth, Nov" L 18350 aut
orate

W JH del

( 3029 )
Ruscus ANDROGYNUS, a. CLIMBING
ButcuHer’s Broom.

KEE KEK EEE EEE EERE ERE
Class and Order.

Diac1a MonapELpPHia.
( Nat. Ord.—Smivacez. )

Generic Character.

Masc. Cal. inferus, 6-partitus, laciniis internis corolli-
nis. Tubus antherifer, cylindricus, truncatus.

Fam. Cal. ut in masc. Stylus 1. Stigma simplex.
Bacca globosa, 3-locularis, loculis 2-spermis.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ruscus * androgynus ; foliis margine floriferis. Wéalld. Sp.
Pl. v. 4. p. 875. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. p. 421.

(«.) foliis subcordato-acuminatis, floribus subsessilibus in
capitulum multiflorum congestis—Sims Tab. nostr.
3029.

(y). foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis, floribus solitariis,

ae pedicellis florem equantibus. Bot. Mag. ¢. 1898. _
Ruscus latifolius; e foliorum sinu florifer et baccifer. Dll.

Hort. Elth. p. 832. ¢. 250. f. 322.

The general aspect of this plant is very different from the
figure which bears the same name, at t. 1898 of the present
work : but having seen intermediate states, Dr. Sims very
judiciously has made it a variety. Our state of it is consi-
dered as the a, it being the same with the original authority

for the species, figured and described in Dittentus’s Hortus
Elthamensis.

* This word was originally written Bruscus, being latinized from the Celtic
Beuskelen ; beus, signifying a bush, and kelen the holly. It is frequently
called Thorn-bush or Dwarf Holly. ‘

Elthamensis. Its leaves are short and broad, cordato-
acuminate, the young ones delicate, and stipuled at the
base. The flowers are collected into clusters, rarely soli-
tary, almost sessile, and inserted in a sinus or notch at the
margin of the leaves.

Our specimens had only male flowers, and were kindly
sent from the rich collection of the Liverpool Garden, by
the Messrs. SHEPHERDs, who received them from the Canary
isles. It is a native also of Madeira, and I have had fine
dried specimens communicated to me from that island, by
the Rev. Mr. Lows.

It requires to be treated as a green-house plant.

Fig. 1. A young leaf. Natural size-—2. Flowers. 3. Abortive Pistil—
Magnified.

Sy & |

"THdelt b ” 4
Pp.
Pub ¥S.0 , 4 Ua
WV ©. LUrivs Walwe
| Walworth Nov? 118350.
é ; 590.
Swan ve

( 3030 )
PLEUROTHALLIS SAUROCEPHALUS. LIZARD-
FLOWERED PLEUROTHALLIS.

ERE EKER EE EEE REE EEE EEE
Class and Order.

GynanprRiA MOonaANpDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuine. )

Generic Character.

Sepala conniventia, subequalia : lateralibus vel omnibus
connatis. Pet. minora. Labellum liberum, cum columna
subparallelum, integerrimum, petalis difforme. - Columna
elongata, aptera, libera, cum ovario continua. Anthera
apice membranacea. Pollinia 2, nune materia pulverea ad
apicem coherentia. Lind.

Specific Character and Synonym.

PievrotHatus * saurocephalus; caule compresso acute
sulcato, folio elliptico carnoso plano spica subeequali,
bracteis ovatis brevi-vaginatis, laciniis ealycinis obtu-
sis carnosis lateralibus semiconnatis, petalis labelloque

bituberculato minutis.
PLevrorHa.uis saurocephalus. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1571.

_ Descr. The root of this plant I have not seen. The stem
is three or four inches long, about as thick as a swan’s quill,
compressed, but grooved on the upper side asifits edges were
rolled in, and nearly of equal width throughout; bearing
at the extremity one rather large elliptical fleshy leaf, which
is plane, or only with a depressed line in the centre, having

a notch at the extremity. Spikes two, in the present in-
stance,

e_._—

r * From wrevpa, a rid, and baraw, to flower, probably in allusion to the dis-
tichous inflorescence of some species. _ *

stance, from a groove in the base of the leaf, arising from
one or more filamentous or fibrous bractexw, scaly with
bracteez below, bearing flowers for the rest of their length,
which are distichous, erect, each with a sheathing short
bractea at its base. Calyx of three erect, nearly equal and
connivent, thick and coriaceo-carnose, obtuse, pieces or
leaves, quite surrounding and concealing the rest of the
flower, downy and pale brownish-green externally, within
minutely tubercled and richly spotted and lined with brown,
of these the two lateral or lower ones are combined for half
their length. Petals exceedingly minute, erect, pale-green,
spathulate, acute, serrated at the point and crested. Lip
scarcely larger than the petals, quite erect, ovato-oblong,
greenish-purple, with two large tubercles near the middle.
Column erect, smaller than the lip, semicylindrical, dilated,
concave and serrated at the top and there somewhat winged,
including the stigma and operculiform anther, which is
yellow, and contains two hemispherical, yellow, waxy
pollen-masses, united at their bases by a small gland.
Germen clavate, furrowed, short, straight.

Brazil is still sending forth new contributions to our
vegetable treasures; and among the Orchideous tribes her
productions rank pre-eminent. Many of great interest are
communicated to the rich collection of Mrs. ArnoLp
Harrison of Aigburgh, by her brother W. Harrison, Esq.
long a resident in that country; and among them is the
present interesting species, which Mr. Loppices from speci-
mens sent to him by Mr. F. Warre from the same part of
the world, has published in his Bot. Cabinet, under the ap-
propriate name of PLeurorHauis saurocephalus, It is
unquestionably nearly allied to the P. proliferus of Mr.
Herszerr in Bot. Register, t. 1298: but it differs in its stem,
leaf, and in the shape and colour of the calyx.

__P. saurocephalus flowered in Mrs. Harrison’s collection,
in the stove, during the month of May, 1830.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Flower from which the upper Segment of the Calyx,
3, has been remoyed. 4. Petal. 5. Lip. 6, Column. 7. Inner view of
the Anther. 8. Pollen-masses.—Magnified.

30351

Pub by S. Curtis Maluerth. Nov? 11850.

Sqrate. Pex

WoL del?

( 3031 )

DIELYTRA CANADENSIS. CANADIAN
DIELYTRA.

DR Se ie et oe ie a os os a oe
Class and Order.

DiapetpHi1aA HEexanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Fumariacez. )

Generic Character.

Pet. 4, 2 exteriora basi equaliter calcarata, aut gib-
bosa. Siliqua bivalvis, polysperma. Herbe perennes.
Flores racemosi, albi aut purpurascentes. D C. (sub nom
Dictyrra.)

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Diztyrra* canadensis ; foliis decomposito-pinnatifidis la-
ciniis anguste linearibus integris, seapo nudo, racemo
simplici, calcaribus duobus rotundatis brevibus rectis,
calycibus minutissimis, stigmate transverse sulcato.

Corypatis canadensis. Goldie in Edin. Phil. Journ. 1822.
p. 330. De-Cand, Prodr, v-1.. pl...

Dietyrra eximia. (@.) Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 0.1. p. 35. :

a *,

Descr. Leaves radical, glaucous-green, glabrous, three
or four times pinnatifid, with the segments narrow -linear,
acute : Petiole longer than the leaf, grooved on the upper
Side near the base. Scape radical, leafless, naked, termi-
nated by a simple raceme of large and delicate, white
flowers. Each pedicel has a recurved, rather small, lanceo-
late bractea at its base, and near its extremity, two small-

er, more subulate, reddish ones, which spread over the
; gibbous

_ ™ From ds, twice, and eAvrpoy, a cover, in allusion to the two petals terminat-_
’ng in a bag or pouch. It is by mistake often spelled Diclytra.

gibbous bases of the outer petals. Cal. of two extremely
minute, subulate, deciduous, opposite leaves. The Corolla
is nearly heart-shaped in the greater part of its outline,
from the base upwards: its outer petals being each very
gibbous at the base, and presenting a rounded, straight,
but short spur, the apex spreading; the two immer and
lateral petals narrow, linear, keeled or winged at the back
above, behind is a depression which receives the stigma
and anthers. Stamens six, free to the base, three on each
side of the pistil : Filaments long, white, the central one of
the three on each side the broadest: Anthers small, yellow.
Pistil : Germen green, subulate, tapering into a rather short
style and crowned by the dilated, truncated, compressed
and grooved stigma, which is generally loaded with the
yellow pollen from the anthers.

Living specimens of this delicate and interesting plant,
sent from Canada by Mr. CxeeHorn, and which have
flourished in the Botanic Garden of Glasgow, have satis-
fied me that Mr. Goxpie is perfectly correct in considering
it as quite a distinct species, and that I have been wrong in
the “ Flora Bor. Americana” in referring it to a state
of Dietytra eximia.

As far as I am aware, it is quite unknown in any British
garden, save that just mentioned ; nor have I ever seen
dried specimens, except those gathered by Mr. Goxpre in
Canada. Yet none of the family of Fumarracez deserves
better to be cultivated. Being still scarce in the Glasgow
Botanic Garden, the able curator, Mr. Murray, has hitherto
kept it in a cool frame during the winter, where it flowered
in April of the present year, 1830.

——

Fig. 1. Flower, from which two of the Petals are removed. 2. One of the
bundles of Stamens. 3. Stigma.— Magnified.

Oo

303

eS

Ss

“7

Sua

Pub.by 8. Curtis. Walworth, Dec? 130.

WS Hide”

v

( 3032 )

GLADIOLUS PSITTACINUS. SPLENDID
CorRN-FLAG.

KEKE EERE EEE EEE EEEEEEEK
Class and Order.

Trianpria Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—Inivex. )

Generic Character.

Cor. tubulosa, limbo 6-partito, irregulari. Stamina ads-
cendentia. Stigmata filiformia, indivisa. Semina alata.
Spr. ,

Specific Character.

Guiapio.us * psittacinus; foliis ensiformibus bicostatis ob-
scureque nervosis, corollz limbo campanulato laciniis
obtusis mucronatis, tribus exterioribus late oyatis,
tribum interiorum suprema obovata concava, reliquis
oblongis. :

Descr. Stem three feet high, erect, rigid, stout, clothed
for the greater part of its length with the sheathing bases
of the leaves. Leaves distichous; the lower ones a foot or
more long, ensiform, attenuated, rather rigid, having two
principal nerves or coste, and several lesser and more ob-
scure ones. Spikes terminal, a foot or more long, of many,
(ten to twelve,) bifariously inserted, but secund and truly
splendid flowers. Each is surrounded for more than half
its length with a double convolute sheath ; the inner one
pale yellow-green, the outer ones larger and purplish.
Tube of the Corolla about half the length of the flower,
greenish with purple streaks, expanding upwards into a
campanulate, and, at the mouth, much spreading limd, of
which the three outer laciniz are considerably the largest,
nearly equal, broadly ovate ; the inner and upper one

obovate and concave, the two inner and lower ones oblong
and

* From gladius, a sword, in allusion to the shape of its leaves,

and reflected, all obtuse and mucronate. The general
colour of the three upper laciniz is a rich scarlet, with a
central, deep yellow line, and spotted with yellow at the
base, that of the three lower ones a rich yellow scarlet at
the extremity. In the state of bud, the colour is a deep
velvety purplish-blood colour, with obscure yellow spots.
Stamens fixed within the tube below the middle. Fila-
ments ascending. Anthers yellowish, linear-sagittate, the
margins of the cells purple. Style as long as the stamens:
Stigmas linear, furrowed and downy within ; Germen ob-
long, with six, obscure furrows, three-celled : each cell
bearing, in the central angle or axis, several imbricated,
obovate ovules.

For this truly splendid addition to the hardy bulbous
plants of our collections, we are indebted, in part to RicHarD
Harrison, Esq. of Liverpool, in whose garden at Aigburgh
it flowered during the latter part of the summer and autumn
of the present year (1830), and in part to Mr. Hrrcnin of
Norwich, the eminent cultivator of Succulent plants. On
taking up the root, at the end of the flowering season, Mr.
Harrison was surprised to find the solitary original bulb
had been replaced by several fine large ones, and, between
them lay hundreds of gemme, each of which is doubtless
capable of forming a new plant. These, we will venture to
say, will be distributed with a liberality very different from
the line of conduct pursued by the gardener at Leyden, in
Holland, where Mr. Harrison first saw the plant; and who,
upon this gentleman’s expressing a wish to possess a bulb,
offered to send him one, “ when he should have received a
collection of Orchideous plants from Mr. Harrison.” Such
a want of confidence towards a well-known Horticulturist,
could not impress our friend with a very favourable opinion
of the possessor of this charming Gladiolus, and of course
he declined all further communication with him. On his
return, no sooner were Mr. Harrison’s wishes made known
to Mr. Hircury, than he wrote to his friend and fellow-culti-
vator of Succulents, the Prince De Satm Dyck, for a bulb
of Grapiotus psittacinus, and it was forwarded to Mr.
Harrison forthwith.

Our figure only represents the upper half of the spike of
the plant, and though we have taken the utmost pains in
the colouring of the flowers, their hues fall far short of the
rich tints of the original.

oo

Fig. 1. Inner Spatha. 2. Pistil and Stamens, and base of the Corolla, with.
which the latter are combined : nat. size. 3. Back view of an Anther. 4.
Front view of ditto. 5. Stigmas. 6. Section of the Germen.—Magnified.

WE delt

Pub. by 8. Curtis Walworth: Dec! 1I30

5033.

( 3033 )
ALSTRGEMERIA PSITTACINA. PARROT-
FLOWERED ALSTRCG:MERIA.

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Amary.uiveEz. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium corollaceum, subcampanulaceum, sex-par-
titum, irregulare, laciniis duabus (vel tribus interioribus)
basi tubuloso-conniventibus. Stam. 6, laciniis inserta,
demum declinata. Stigma trifidum. Capsula trilocularis,
loculis polyspermis.—Caulis erectus, scandens, aut volubilis,
foliatus. Flores umbellati. Kunth.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Atstramerta psittacina ; caule erecto flexuoso, foliis ob-
longo-lanceolatis obtusis basi attenuatis tortis, petalis
spathulatis acuminulatis tribus interioribus angustio-
ribus, pedunculis unifloris.

ArsrrameriA psittacina. Lehm. Cat. Hort. Hamb. 1826.
Roem. et Sch. v. 7. p. 739. Sweet, Br. Fl. Gard. N.S.

t. 1D.

Descr. Stems short, erect, but flexuose, glabrous, some
of them sterile with a crown of broadly oblong, spathulate,
twisted leaves ; others taller, with distant, scattered, linear-
oblong, twisted leaves, attenuated at the base, all of them
obtuse. Unmbel terminal, of from four to six flowers, sur-
rounded by an involucre of four or five leaves, similar to
those of the stem, but smaller. Peduncles angular, un-
branched. Corolla subcampanulate, of six linear-spathu-
late, shortly acuminated petals, of a beautiful red colour,

- green at the apex, and there only marked, both within and
without

without with small, oblong, brown spots, the three inner
ones narrower than the rest. F%laments slender, glabrous,
pale rose-coloured. Anthers oblong, green. Germen infe-
rior, turbinate, angled. Style as long as the stamens, slen-
der: Stigma trifid.

This plant has flowered in the greenhouse both in the
Edinburgh and Glasgow Botanic Gardens, having been
received from its original describer, Professor Leumann of
Hamburgh.

It is said to be a native of Mexico, and is certainly well
deserving a place in every collection from the singular
colour of its flowers. In Mr. Barcray’s garden at Bury
Hill it has blossomed in the open border.

Fig. 1,2. Petals. 3,3. Stamens. 4. Pistil :—wnat. size.

5054.

ar ear Je?? ce s a car e kwan i
WH del? Pub by S Curtis Walworth, Dec] 1830.

( 3034 )
CROTALARIA VERRUCOSA. WARTED
CROTALARIA.

KEK KEE KEKE KE EEK
Class and Order.

DiapevteniA DeEcANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Lereuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-lobus, subbilabiatus, lab. sup. bi-, infer. 3-fido.
Cor. vexillum cordatum magnum, carina faleato-acuminata.
Filamenta omnia connexa, vagina sepius superne fissa.
Stylus lateraliter barbato-pubescens. Legwmen turgidum,
valvis ventricosis inflatum, sepius polyspermum, pedicel-
latum. De Cand. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Crorararia verrucosa ; stipulis lunatis declinatis, foliis
simplicibus ovalibus, ramis acute tetragonis, racemis
terminalibus, germinibus villosis.

Crorararta verrucosa. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1005. Willd. Sp.
Pl. v. 3. p. 977. Andr. Rep. t. 308. Att. Hort. Kew.
ed. 2. v. 4. p. 272. De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 125.
Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 237. Bot. Reg. t. 1137.

Crorararia cerulea. Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 144.

Crorararia angulosa. Lam. Dict. v. 2. p. 197. Cav. Ie.

vo. 4. t. 321.

Descr. Annual. Stem, in our specimen, a foot or more
high, acutely quadrangular, branched. Leaves generally
oval, more or less attenuated at the base into a short
petiole, simple, entire, obtuse at the extremity, sometimes
acute, sometimes retuse with a mucro, glabrous. Stipules,
one on each side the short petiole, lineate, deflexed. Ra-

cemes terminal, of six to eight rather large and handsome
octet ie flowers.

flowers. Calyx somewhat two-lipped, five-cleft, green,
eet Standard of the corolla bent back, its sides in-

ected, greenish-white, streaked with pale blue within ;
wings obovate, yellowish-white at the base, the rest deep
purple: keel whitish, yellow at the point. Stam. mona-
delphous ; five of the anthers oblong, five roundish : all
yellow. Germen oblong, hairy. Style linear.

This plant, although not frequently seen in our collec-
tions, is by no means unornamental, the flowers resembling
in their colour some species of Lupine. The great objection
to it, as an inhabitant of the stove, is its being annual. We
have received seeds from various of our correspondents,
both in the East and West Indies: and it is probably a
general native of tropical countries.

Fig. 1. Keel of the Corolla. 2. Stamens and Pistil._—Magnified.

5035,

Swan Se
Ranaet Pub by $ Curtis Walworth, Dec? LIB30 Swat

( 3035 )
PAPAVER CROCEUM. ORANGE-FLOWERED
Poppy.

So Sie Sh SS a a
Class and Order.

PoryanpriA Monoeynia
( Nat. Ord.—Papaveraces. )

Generic Character.

Cal. diphyllus, caducus. Pet. 4. Stigma sessile, radia-
tum. Caps. supera. Semina numerosa, receptaculis pari-
etalibus dissepimentiformibus inserta.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Papaver * croceum; foliis subbipinnatifidis vix pilosis
sepe pilis arcte appressis, germine ovali calycibusque
densissime fusco-hispidis, capsula oblonga.
Papaver croceum. Ledebour, Reise durch das Alt. p. 113.
Ejusd. Fl. Alt. ined.

Descr. Root apparently perennial, descending deep
into the ground, andjbearing at its crown or summit, nu-
merous, erecto- patent, pinnatifid leaves; the segments
again somewhat divided ; three to five or six inches long,
petioled, almost free from hairs, except at the margin of the
base of the petiole, which is ciliated, and-at the extremity
of each segment of the leaf, which is mostly terminated
with a hair. Scape a foot and more high, hairy, or rather
bristly, with the hairs erect, appressed. Flower terminal,
solitary. Calyx of two elliptical, concave, green leaves,

cloth ith lone, spreading, brown hairs. Petals four,
. Z ets : subrotundate,

from papa, in Celtic, a kind of soup or pap,

* Derived, according to Taé1s ,
rived, § : to induce sleep in those that ate

into which the seeds of the Poppy were put,
of it,

subrotundate, wavy, of a beautiful orange-yellow colour.
Stamens numerous, yellow. Filaments slender. Anthers
linear, two-celled. _Germen oval, green, clothed with nu-
merous, erect, and appressed purplish - brown bristles.
Stigma sessile, seven-rayed, yellow. Capsule oblong, seven-
ribbed, hispid.
Our Botanic Garden of Glasgow is indebted to Professor
Leprzour of Dorpat for the possession of this beautiful
species of Papaver; which, nearly allied as it assuredly is to
Papaver nudicaule, is, nevertheless, truly distinct from it.
The learned Botanist just mentioned, speaks of its disco-
very in his interesting Travels to the Altai Mountains
(Berlin, 1829): where, describing his excursion from Rid-
dersk, along the river Grammatucha, ‘‘ The old bed of
this river,” he says, “ is remarkable for the quantity of
débris from the surrounding country, and here it was I
found a Poppy with an orange flower (Paraver croceum,
mihi), but by no means plentiful, and allied to Paraver
nudicaule.” ‘This was on the 18th of May, when vegeta-
tion in general was almost destroyed by a severe hail-storm.
In the open border of our garden, it flowered in the
month of June, along with the large variety of the P. nudi-
caule; surpassing it in beauty, and not exceeded even by
the Escuscnoxzia californica and HuNNEMANNIA papaveracea.
Dr. Fiscuer’s P. nudicaule, var. rubro-aurantiacum, from
the Altai, may be the same as this; but the var. of nudi-
caule in the Bot. Mag. referred to it by De Canpoxze, is
surely very different : and has the hairs of the scape patent.

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2, Pistil. 3. Capsule.—Magnified,

3056.

WJ Haelt

Pub. by §. Curtis, Walwerth, Dee? 11830.

( 3036 )
CALCEOLARIA BICOLOR. Two-coLouRED
SLIPPER-WORT.

TK REE EKER EEE EKER KEE
Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeynta.

(Nat. Ord.—Scrornurarin. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 4-partitus, Cor. bilabiata: labium inferius calcei-
forme, inflatum. Caps. semibivalvis ; valvulis bifidis.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cauceorarta bicolor ; foliis ovato-cordatis venosissimis ru-
gosis biserratis, pedunculis multifloris dichotomo-um-
bellatis.

Cauceoxaria bicolor. Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. v.
I. p. 16. ¢. 25. f.6. Pers. Syn. Pl. v.1. p. 15. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 147. Graham in Edin. Phil.

Journ. 1830.

Descr. Plant somewhat shrubby, every where covered
with a soft, short, glandular pubescence. Stem two to
three feet high, erect, purple at the base, green above,
round, much branched. Branches nearly round, ascending,
or suberect at the base, and above, bent outwards at an
obtuse angle. Leaves three inches long, two and a half
broad, opposite, very rarely ternate, petioled, spreading at
right angles to the stem, ovato-cordate, acute, doubly
serrated, much veined, waved, wrinkled, the veins and
middle-rib prominent behind ; petioles below nearly half
_ the length of the leaves, shorter above, flattened on the
upper side, connate. Cymes peduncled, axillary and ter-
_minal, dichotomously branched, two opposite, small, sub-
sessile, nearly entire, ovato-acuminate leaves being placed

at the primary division of the peduncle, and two flowers on
simple

simple pedicels in each cleft, the one ascending and first
expanded, the other spreading and deflected. Calyx-seg-
ments elliptical, the lowest narrower and more acute, the
upper ones the shortest. Corolla sulphur-coloured, except:
the inferior half of the lower lip, which is white ; upper lip
very small; /ower one large, many-nerved, linear, com-
pressed, turned upwards, so as with its retuse extremity to
touch the upper lip till fully expanded, when it is separated
from it a little way, the opening into the lower lip large ;
at its base, on the inside, there is a tuft of long hairs, every-
where else the pubescence on the corolla is very short, and
at the extremity of the lower lip, it is almost absent. Sta-
mens erect, the lower lobes of the large yellow anthers pro-
jecting from the apex of the upper lip. Style rather longer
than the stamens, slightly curved downwards at the apex,
compressed laterally, withering. Stigma small, two-lipped.
Germen pubescent, pyramidal, grooved on its four sides,
bilocular : ovules numerous, placed on large, undivided,
central placente.

Ruiz and Payon state this species of Carcronarta to be a
native of rocky places in Canta; and we obtained the seeds
from which our plants were raised, through the kind atten-
tion of Mr. Crucksuanxs, from Cullnay, in the same pro-
vince of Peru. They were sown in spring, and the first
spcimens came into flower towards the end of July. It is
an extremely pretty addition to the already-cultivated spe-
cies, (now fifteen in all, exclusive of the hybrids, and of
the narrow-leaved variety of C. integrifolia) resembling

in colour the pleasing, subdued tint of C. scabiosefolia.
GraHam.

Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower, the lower Lip being laid open. 2, 2. Sta-
mens. 3, Pistil—Magnified.

Pub by S. Curtis Walworth Lee!

( 3037 3038 )

LopHOSPERMUM SCANDENS. CLIMBING
LopHOSPERMUM. :

SEK EK EERE EEEEEER
Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—ScropuunaRineE&. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla campanulata ; limbo 5-lobo,
subequali. Capsula bilocularis, irregulariter dehiscens.
Semina imbricata, membranaceo-alata.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Lopnospermum®* scandens ; foliis cordatis acuminatis inciso-
serratis, pedunculis ebracteatis, caule herbaceo.

L. scandens. Don in Linn. Trans. v. 15, p. 353. Sweet
Brit. Fl. Gard. N. S. t. 68.

Besieria scandens. Sesse et Mocino. MSS.

Descr. Plant herbaceous, climbing, chiefly by its peti-

oles. Stem round, brownish-green, In a very luxuriant

state pushing out roots from near the base ; bark smooth, or

somewhat cracked. Branches round, opposite, villous,
purple at the base, young shoots green. Leaves five inches
and a half from the base to the apex, and rather more
across, numerous, opposite, petioled, deltoideo - cordate,
acute, inciso-toothed, villous on both sides, bright green
above, paler below, three-nerved, the lateral nerves branch-
ed, slightly reticulated, chiefly at the margins, teeth mucro-_

nate. Petioles purple, villous, as long as the leaf, stout,
round

* From Aces, @ crest, and cmeppa, a seed, from the structure of the

seeds.

round, scarcely channelled above, twisting. Peduncles
axillary, solitary, single-flowered, ebracteate, as long as
the petioles, erect, straight, green, villous. Flowers spread-
ing horizontally. Calyx foliaceous, five-parted, persistent,
segments (one inch long, half an inch broad,) subequal,
the upper rather the shortest and broadest, ovate, acute,
prominent at the edges, veined, pubescent within and
without, sometimes becoming purple, entire or rarely auri-
cled at the base. Corolla (nearly three inches long, two
inches across, ) rose-coloured, pubescent everywhere on the
outside, campanulate, slightly turgid below ; tube elongated,
somewhat curved downwards, dilated, nectariferous, and
nearly colourless at the base, darkish on the upper side,
within freckled with rose colour, and having yellow pubes-
cence towards the insertion of the stamens ; Limb spreading,
ed segments rounded, subequal, the lowest the
smallest, the two upper ones the largest : from the base of
the lower segment upon each side, a straight ridge, covered
with erect, yellow hairs, extends to the insertion of the two
longer stamens. Stamens four, didynamous, as long as the
tube, from the base of which they arise ; filaments com-
pressed and adhering for a little way to the corolla and
there closing the tube, coarsely pubescent where they be-
come free, at this part purple on the back, beautifully
sprinkled with rose-coloured spots or streaks, from which
springs a glandular pubescence, especially on the sides of
their upper half, straight, diverging slightly, connivent to-
wards their extremities ; anthers large, bilobular, glabrous,
lobes parallel in the bud, afterwards divaricated, bursting
along their sides. Pollen white, granules small. There is
a mimute, abortive, fifth stamen, between the two shorter
perfect ones, at their origin. Pistil as long as the stamens ; |
_ stigma simple, bent nearly at a right angle with the style,
colourless, pointed ; style straight, filiform, smooth above,
sparingly provided with glandular pubescence, in its lower
half, base persisting ; germen seated upon a prominent,
white, glabrous, and shining receptacle, (gland) densely
covered with erect, colourless, glandular hairs, bilocular.
Unripe Capsule crown-shaped, green, colourless at the
ise, somewhat compressed and furrowed laterally, covered
with glandular pubescence, undulate, terminated with the
persistent base of the style, included within the calyx.
vules numerous, imbricated, tubercled, stipitate, erect, on
two large, central receptacles, winged all round ; wing radi-
ated, emarginate, somewhat ragged at its edge; nucleus,
: pendulous,

WIE del®

Pub by 3 Curtis Walworth, Dec® 11830.

5038.

Swan SC

pendulous, pointed below: albwmen large; embryo straight,
central.

This truly magnificent creeper, whose climbing stems,
copiously adorned with leaves and with large, campanulate
blossoms, render it a very desirable object of cultivation,
was raised by P. Neitz, Esq., in his garden at Canonmills,
near Edinburgh, from Mexican seed, in the spring of last
year (1830). It flowered in his stove in the beginning, and
in the greenhouse of the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in the
middle of September. It also possesses the advantage of
thriving in the open border, where its flower-buds are now
making their appearance. Granam, MSS.

Mr. Sweet remarks, that when this plant flowers in the
open air, the colour of its blossoms becomes a deep purple,
instead of the pale pink which it assumes, when cultivated
under glass.

Tas. 3037. Portion of the Stem of Lopnosrermum scandens, and a lower
Leaf: nat size.

Tas, 3038. Fig. 1. Corolla. 2,3. Stamens. 4. Calyx with its Pistil.
5. Germen and its Glands. 6. Capsule in its Calyx. 7. Capsule removed
from the Calyx. 8, 9. Two views of the Capsule cut open so as to show the
insertion of the Seeds. 10, Single Seed: magnified. 11. Seeds : nat. size.
All but fig. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11, more or less magnified.

IND E X,

In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Fourth
Volume of the New Seruzs (or Fifty-Seventh of the Work)

are alphabetically arranged.

ns

Pi.

3033 Alstreemeria psittacina.

2983 Amaryllis aulica, var. platype-
tala, glaucophylla.

3017 Anthericum bulbosum.

2961 Anthocercis viscosa.

3021 Arabis collina.

2995 Aster levigatus.

2966 Begonia diversifolia.

3001 - longipes.
2962 picta.

3011 Bignonia grandifolia.
2976 — Telfairiz.

5016 Brachystelma erispum. _

3036 Calceolaria bicolor.

2968 Cerbera Tanghin.

3015 Ceropegia elegans.

2974 Cestrum bracteatum.

2970 Cocculus palmatus.

2971 Ibid.

2989 Conostylis aculeata.

2988 Crepis macrorhiza.

2986 Crocus aureus.

2991 minimus.

3006 Crotalaria oyvalis.

3034 verrucosa.

2963 Cycas revoluta,

2964 Ibid.

3024 Cypripedium parviflorum,
2960 Desmodium dubium.

3005 Didymocarpus Rexii.

3031 Dielytra canadensis.

2972 Dryas Drummondii.

- 3013 Encyclia patens.

2980 Epidendrum pallidiflorum.

2992 Euphorbia corollata.

2985 Eutoca Franklinii.

3003 sericea.

2977 Gilia pungens.

3032 Gladiolus psittacinus.

2978 Gongora viridi-purpurea.

2957 Habenaria longicauda.

2969 Hedychium acuminatum.

2994 Helenium autumnale.

3025 Hibiscus splendens. .

3019 Hydrastis canadensis.

|

gs

3000 Indigofera sylvatica.

3018 Jonesia Asoca.

2981 Lantana Selloviana.

3012 Lobelia Kraussii.

3037 Lophospermum scandens.

3038 Ibid.

2958 Monarda menthefolia.

3007 Moricandia arvensis.

2956 Neottia? grandiflora, est Ulan~
. tha grandiflora.

2996 Ocymum montanum.

2990 Oncidium altissimum.

3035 Papaver croceum.

2967 Passifiora ligularis.

3010 Phrynium coloratum.

3030 Pleurothallis saurocephalus.

2979 Polemonium pulcherrimum.

2984 Potentilla gracilis.

2982 —— nivea, var. macro-

phylla.
2987 Pothos crassinervia.
2973 Primula mistassinica.

3020 pusilla.

2999 Ranunculus eardiophyllus.
3009 millefoliatus,
3022 montanus.
2997 Renanthera coccinea.
2998 Ibid.

3008 Ribes cereum.

3029 Ruscus androgynus, a.

2959 Saxifraga leucanthemifolia.

3026 petra,

3023 Scilla pumila.

3027 Scorzonera mollis.

3028 Selago Gillii. .

2965 Sisyrinchium pedunculatum.

2993 Sphacele Lindleyi.

3004 Terminalia Catappa.

3002 Trillium erythrocarpum.

2956 Ulantha grandiflora, sub nom,
Neottia? grandifi.

3014 Vangueria velutina.

2975 Veronica alpina, var. Noa 3
Ry .

INDEX;

In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the
Fourth Volume of the New Series (or Fifty-Seventh of the
Work) are alphabetically arranged.

a>
‘ ’

Ph

3033 Alstreemeria, parrot-flowered.

2983 Amaryllis, glaucous -leaved,
broad-petaled.

2961 Anthocercis, glutinous.

3017 Asphodel, Lancashire, bulbous-
rooted.

2972 Avens, mountain, yellow-flow-
ered.

2996 Basil, mountain.

3001 Begonia, long flower-stalked.

2962 particolored.

2966 various-leaved.,

2976 Bignonia, Mrs. Telfair’s.

3016 Brachystelma, waved-leaved.

3029 Butcher’s-broom, climbing

3015 Ceropegia, beautiful.
2974 Cestrum, bracteated.
2982 Cinque-foil, snowy, large-leaved~

Sal

variety.
2984 tall, upright.
2970 Columbo Plant.
2971 Ibid.

2989 Conostylis, prickly.
3032 Cornflag, splendid.

2991 least, purple.

3006 Crotalaria, oval-leaved, hairy.

3034 warted.

2999 Crowfoot, American, heart-
leaved,

3009 milfoil-leayed.

3008 Currant, waxy.

2963 Cycas, narrow-leaved.

2964 Ibid.

2960 Desmodium, doubtful.

3031 Dielytra, Canadian.

3005 Didymocarpus, Cape.

2994 Elecampane, autumnal.

3013 Encyclia, spreading-flowered.
2980 Epidendrum, pale-flowered.
2985 Eutoca, Capt. Franklin's.

‘988 Hawk's beard, large-rooted.
2969 Hedychium, sharp-leaved,
3025 Hibiscus, splendid.

3000 Indigo, angular-stemmed,

Pi.

2979 Jacob's Ladder, bright-flowered.

3018 Jonesia, fragrant.

3024 Lady's Slipper, lesser-flowered.

2981 Lantana, Mr, Sellow’s.

3012 Lobelia, Dominica.

3037 Lophospermum, climbing.

3038 Ibid.

2995 Michaelmas- Daisy, smooth-
leaved.

2958 Monarda, mint-leaved.

3007 Moricandia, field.

2956 Neottia? large -flowered, is
Ulantha, large-fiowered.

2990 Oncidium, tall-stemmed.

2967 Passion-flower, ample-leaved.

3010 Phrynium, coloured-spiked.

3030 Pleurothallic, lizard-floweréd.
3035 Poppy, orange-flowered.

2987 Pothos, thick-ribbed.

2973 Primrose, bird's-eye, lesser,
American.

3020 bird's-eye, pale-flow-

ered, American.

3022 Ranunculus, yellow, mountain.

2997 Renanthera, scarlet.

2998 Ibid.

3021 Rock Cress, hill.

2959 Saxifrage, ox-eye-leaved.

3026 ————— stone.

3028 Selago, Dr. Gill's.

2965 Sisyrinchium, long-stalked.

3038 Slipper-wort, two-coloured.

2975 Speedwell, alpine, Wormskiold's
variety.

2993 Sphacele, large-flowered.

2992 Spurge, white-flowered.

3023 Squill, dwarf.

2968 Tanghin, poison.

3004 Terminalia,broad,downy-leaved

3002 Trillium, blood-stained.

3011 Trumpet Flower, gigantic-
leaved.

2956 Ulantha, large-flowered, under
the name Neottia? large-
flowered.

3014 Vangueria, velvetty.

3027 Viper’s-Grass, soft.

3019 Yellow-root, Canadian.