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CURTIS’S
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ORCHID S,
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A MONOGRAPH OF ODONTOGLOSSUM.
A Genus of the Vandeous section of Orchidaceous Plants. B
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Foo lly
enna
Bis,
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Cad
=
aon
aa?
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KUCALYPTUS CORNUTA.
Native of South-Western Australia.
Nat. Ord. Mrrracem.—Tribe LEProsPERMEA.
Genus Evcatyptus, L’her. ; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. i. p. 707).
Evcatyptus cornuta; arbor, ramulis gracilibus pallide rubris, foliis 3-4-
_ pollicaribus elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis glauco-viridibus, nervis
obliquis intramarginali a margine remoto, pedunculis axillaribus
robustis curvis modice a vertice compressis, floribus 6—40 in capitulum
subglobosum coherentibus sessilibus receptaculo non immersis, calyce
coni¢o-turbinato angulato operculo rubro in rostrum 2—3-pollicare
obtusum robustum sensim attenuato, ovarii apice calyce non immerso
conico instylum gracilem attenuato, staminibus alabastro non inflexis
extimis 3-pollicaribus, fructu turbinato truncato ore non contracto.
Kucatyrtus cornuta, Labill. Voy., vol. i. p. 403, t. 26; DC. Prodr., vol. iii.
p. 216; Schauer in Plant. Preiss., vol. i. p. 127; F. Muell. Fragment.,
vol. ii. p. 39, excl. syn.; Benth. Fl. Austral., vol. iii. p. 234.
Amongst the wonderful forms of Australian vegetation
this is not the least striking, whether from its singular
_ Structure or the colouring of its inflorescence. It is a native
of South-Western Australia, where it was discovered by.
Labillardiére in the beginning of the century; and from whence
numerous dried specimens are in the Kew Herbarium, from
Cunningham, Drummond, Oldfield, Harvey, and others, col-
lected from King George’s Sound eastward to Cape Riche.
It is the “ Yeit” of the colonists, and, according to Oldfield’s
notes, it must be a very variable tree, as he describes some
specimens as from trees 10 feet high, others from trees 30
to 40 feet high, and others still from trees of 80 to 100 feet
high. The bark he describes as rough, hard, persistent,
and light brown in the larger trees ; as black, and half fibrous
in others; and as smooth in the smaller trees. At Kew,
where two specimens are cultivated in tubs in the south
octagon of the temperate house, it forms a slender tree,
JANUARY Ist, 1875.
about nine feet high, with smooth bark and _ spreading
branches, as represented in the figure.
Lucalyptus cornuta was raised at Kew, from seed sent by
Drummond many years ago, and flowers annually in about
June from the old wood. The flower-heads and flowers of
the cultivated plant are more than twice as large as those of
any wild specimen in the Herbarium.
Descr. A small or large slender tree, with a bushy crown ;
branchlets slender, hardly drooping, red. Leaves three to
“four inches long, alternate, coriaceous, elliptic-lanceolate,
~ acuminate, narrowed into a short red petiole ; nerves obscure,
oblique, the intra-marginal remote from the margin. Mowers
six to forty, in a globose head four to six inches in diameter
(including the operculum), closely cohering by their calyces,
but not connate or sunk in the receptacle ; peduncle very
stout, curved, two inches long, compressed horizontally.
Calyz half an inch long, green, turbinate, angled ; operculum
one to one and a half inches long, conical at the base, narrowed
into a stout obtuse curved beak, bright red. Stamens forming
a dense corona, three inches long, the inner shorter, filaments
flaccid, yellow; anthers linear-oblong, cells parallel. Ti
of ovary conical, not sunk below the margin of the calyx-
tube, narrowed into a slender curved style. Head of fruit
often three inches in diameter.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Reduced view of tree; 2, branch, leaves, and inflorescence ; 3,
calyx and ovary :—of the natural size.
Mucekn D
vincent. brooks Day & Son inp.
Tas, 6141,
CROCUS ByzanTINUS,
Native of Transylvania and the Banat,
Nat. Ord. IrnmrEa,—Tribe Ixin@.
Genus Crocus, Tourn.; (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 674).
_ Crocus byzantinus; cormo parvo depresso-globoso, rete e fibris longitudi«
nalibus gracilibus dense intertextis in vaginam foliorum basim cingentem
producto, foliis 3-4 vernalibus }-poll. latis, floribus autumnalibus soli-
tariis, perianthii tubo 4~—6-pollicari ad medium vaginis albis tecto,
limbo 3-34 poll. diam. pallide purpureo v, lilacino, foliolis ellipticis _
acutis, interioribus pallidioribus v. albis dimidio minoribus, antheris
flavis filamentis longioribus, stigmatibus purpureis apice capillaceo-
7-10-fidis,
Crocus byzantinus, Ker in Bot. Mag., sub tab. 1111; Herbert in Bot. Reg.
1847, t. 4, f. 5; et in Journ. Hort. Soc., vol. ii. p. 269; Baker in Gard.
Chron. 1873, p. 1633.
C. banaticus, Gay in Bull. Feruss., vol. xv. p. 220, non Heuffel.
C. speciosus, Reichb. Pl. Crit., t. 1267-8, non M. Bieb.
C. iridiflorus, Heuf’. Qister. Bot. Wochenb. 1857, p. 222; Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ.,
vol. ix. t. 861, f. 802-3.
C. Hubertianus, Kernike in Walp, Ann., vol. vi. p. 37.
Crociris iridiflora, Schur. Sert. 1853, p. 73.
Crocum montanum, Clus, Hist., vol. i. p. 209.
Crocus byzantinus argenteus, Parkins. Par. p. 168, t. 169, f. 3.
A late autumnal species of Crocus, remarkable for its acute
perianth segments, and the small size of the three interior of
these. Its synonymy is numerous and intricate, and for this
I am indebted to Mr. Baker’s valuable paper on Croci in the
Gardeners’ Chronicle. It is one of the eailiest introduced of
the exotic species, being figured by Clusius in the very com-
mencement of the seventeenth century (1601), from whom
the specific name dyzantinus is adopted, he having received it
from Constantinople, where however it is unknown to
JANUARY IsT, 1875.
Griesbach, who enumerates it amongst the “Croci inqui-
rendi” in his “Spicilegium Flore Rumelice et Bithynice.”
Crocus byzantinus has long been in cultivation at Kew
and elsewhere, and the drawing was made partly from
specimens communicated by Major Trevor Clarke, and partly
from others that flowered in Kew in November last.
Descr. Corm three quarters to one anda quarter inches in
diameter, depressed-globose, clothed with a light brown net-
work of longitudinally interlaced fibres, that extends in a
sheath for a short way round the base of the leaves, and some-
times also up the flowering-scape. Leaves three to four, pro-
duced in spring, dark green, one-third of an inch in diameter,
with a central yellow rib towards the base only. Sheaths
on the scape closed, white, reaching to about halfway
between the flower and corm. Perianth-tube slender, white ;
limb three to three and a half inches in diameter, lilac-
purple; segments elliptic-ovate, acuminate, very concave,
the inner not half as large as the outer, sometimes white. -
Stamens included ; anthers yellow, longer than the filaments.
Stigmas purple, split at the top into from seven to ten
slender segments.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Portion of sheath of corm; 2, stigmas :—both magnified,
Witch, de] et hth
Tas. 6142.
JAMESIA americana.
Native of The Rocky Mountains.
Nat, Ord. Saxirragea.—Tribe HypRance.
Genus Jamesia, Torr. and Gray ;—(Benth. § Hook.f. Gen. Plant., vol. i. p-
643). -
JAMESIA americana ; ramulis junioribus petiolis foliis subtus et inflorescentia
laxe villosis, foliis ovatis obtusis crenato-dentatis supra glabris, pani-
culis brevibus terminalibus basi foliosis, calycis lobis rotundatis, petalis
oblongis,
JAMESIA americana, Torr. J Gray Flor. N. Am., vol. ii. p. 593; Walp. Ann.,
vol. ii. p. 614; A. Gray Plant. Fendl., p- 55 in nota ; Carriére in Rev.
Hortic., October, 1874, p. 389 cum ic xylog. £
First described from imperfect. specimens by Torrey and
Gray, in 1540, and named by them “ in commemoration of the
scientific services of Dr. Edwin James, its worthy discoverer,
the botanist and historian of Major Long’s expedition to the
Rocky Mountains in 1820, and who during the journey made
an excellent collection of plants under the most unfavourable
circumstances.” Those were the days when every traveller
in the Rocky Mountains carried his life in his hand, and
when to hold it fast required the subtlety of the savage, plus
the pluck of the white man. Little was known of this plant _
for many subsequent years, not until it was gathered by
Fendler in 1847, and after another long interval by ©. C.
Parry, in 1861, in the very spot where James had discovered
it—namely, the head-waters of Clear Creek, and on Alpine
ridges east of Middle Park, in the Colorado territory,
lat. 40° N. Considering the numerous collections that have
been made in other parts of the Rocky Mountains, and that
do not contain the Jamesia, it is evident that it is a very
rare and local plant.
Though so much more like a Rosaceous plant in habit and
inflorescence, Jamesia is truly saxifragaceous, and closely
JANUARY Ist, 1875.
allied to Hydrangea ; it is quite hardy, and was raised at Kew
about twelve years ago, from seed received, I believe, from
Dr. Asa Gray, where, however, it has not flowered. For the
plant here figured I am indebted to the Rev. Mr. Ellacombe, of
Bitton, near Bristol, who flowered it in October last.
Descr. A branching shrub; branches opposite, covered
with a loose, papery bark ; branchlets, petioles, leaves beneath,
and inflorescence clothed with soft villous pubescence. Leaves
opposite, petioled, one to two inches long, ovate, obtuse,
crenate-toothed, glabrous, but not shining above, with im-
pressed veins; petiole one-quarter to one-third inch long.
Cymes terminal, erect, shortly pyramidal, many-flowered, the
lower branches leafy at the base. //owers half an inch diameter ;
white, pedicels one-sixth inch long. Calyx villous, tur-
binate, 5-lobed, lobes rounded or broadly ovate, acute, white.
Petals 5, spreading, oblong, obtuse. Stamens 10, the alter-
nate shorter; filaments linear, flattened; anthers broadly
oblong. Ovary conical; styles 3-5, stout, erect, stigmas
subcapitate.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, the same, with the petals removed ; 3, long and short
stamens; 4, ovary :—all magnified.
Tas. 6143.
BLUMEN BACHIA cuHvugQuiTENsIs. .
Native of Peru,
Nat, Ord. Loasez.
Genus Biumensacuta, Schrad.; (Benth. 5° Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vo'. i. p. 805).
BLUMENBACHIA chuquitensis; setis urentibus elongatis laxe conspersa, caule
erecto v. subvolubile robusto folioso ramoso, foliis longe petiolatis
oblongis v. oblongo-lanccolatis pinnatitidis basi pinnatis, foliolis segmen-
tisve ovatis pinnatifido-lobatis subtus dense pubescentibus, pedunculis
erectis foliis brevioribus 1-floris, floribus 14-8 poll. diam. 5—10-meris,
sepalis crenato-lobulatis, capsula globoso-turbinata.
Loasa chuquitensis, Meyen, reise um den Erde, vol. i. p. 483 in note. Walp.
in Nov. Act. Acad., vol, xix. Suppl. 1, p. 339; Rep. vol. v. p. 780.
A handsome Peruvian herbaceous plant, allied to the Chilian
B. coronata (Caiophora coronata, Hook. & Arn.; see Haage
& Schmidt in Revue Hortic. 1874, p. 58), but differing
wholly in habit, this having a stout erect, or suberect and
leafy stem, with the petioles and axillary peduncles shorter
than the leaf-blade, and B. coronata being a tufted plant,
with a short procumbent stem, very slender petioles much
longer than the blade, and long scape-like peduncles rising
from the ground. These two species are indeed so closely
allied, that I was at first disposed to regard B. chuguitensis as
an overgrown, erect, robust-branched specimen of the Chilian
plant, with hypertrophied flowers; but besides the differences
alluded to, this has much more entire sepals, and comes from
much further north in the Andes. It was imported from
Peru by Messrs. Veitch in 1863, through their collector,
Mr. Pearce, and there are indigenous specimens 1n the Kew
Herbarium, collected by Lechler in Peru, at San Antonio—
a place I do not find in the maps. The capsule is slightly
twisted when quite ripe, thus showing a passage from Blu-
menbachia to Caiophora, genera that are united in the
_ daNuARY Ist, 1875.
Genera Plantarum. The number of petals varies in the
cultivated state from 5 to 10, but all are quite symmetrical.
B. chuquitensis flowered in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment in
September, and is quite hardy. (When first sent to view to
be named, in 1865, it was supposed to be the C. coronata,
under which name Mr. Veitch tells me that he has conse-
quently distributed it.)
- Descr. Whole plant laxly clothed with spreading shining
stinging hairs, one-fifth of an inch long, also more or less
stellately pubescent, especially upon the leaves beneath.
Stem stout, erect, straight or flexuous, perhaps twining when
full-grown, leafy. Leaves, including the petiole, eight to ten
inches long; blade oblong-lanceolate, longer than the petiole,
pinnatifid, the lower segments free, all ovate, irregularly
pinnatifidly lobed, recurved, concave beneath. Peduncles
axillary, two to four inches long. /owers one and a half to two
inches in diameter, brick-red, with five to ten petals. Calyx
turbinate ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, recurved, lobulate. Petals
boat-shaped, rounded at the tip, setose at the back, bright
brick-red, with yellow inside and on the outer margin on
either side the tip. Scales cup-shaped, with three dorsal and
two interior appendages. Capsule one and a half inches
long, globosely turbinate, Dannie, slightly twisted when
mature.—J. D. HH.
Fig. 1, Scale and appendage :—magnified.
6144.
Fag aPTRRNTO
VincentBrovksDay& Son imp
MEG Wugley, del W Fitch lith
Tas. 6144,
ODONTOGLOSSUM MAXILLARE.
Native of Mexico.
Nat. Ord. OrcnoipE®.—Tribe VANDE.
Genus Opontociossum, H. B. § K.; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid, Odontoglossum).
ODONTOGLOssuM mawillare ; pseudobulbis anguste oblongis 3-pollicaribus,
foliis lineari-lanceolatis subacutis carinatis, pedunculo brevi cum racemo
4—6-flore folio breviore nutante, bracteis membranaceis pedicello
eequilongis, floribus 14—2-poll. diam., sepalis lanceolatis aristato-acumi-
natis albis basi macula fusco-rubra notatis, petalis equilongis latioribus
oblongis apiculatis albis basi purpureo-maculatis, labello parvo breviter
unguiculato 3-lobo inter lobos laterales parvos retrorsum auctatos 2-
calloso, lobo intermedio multo majore trulliformi recurvo margine
undulato albo, disco basim versus macula 2-loba aurantiaca notato,
columna brevi aptera.
OponToGLossuM makxillare, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. sub tab. 62; Fol. Orchid.
Odontoglossum, no. 23; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann., vol. vi. p. 834;
Lemaire Ill. Hortic. t. 200. ’
Dr. Lindley first described this beautiful plant under the
name it bears, from a single flower procured from Mr. C. B.
‘Warner in 1847. Its native county was then unknown;
but from its resemblance to O. Cervantesii and other species
of Mexico, it was supposed, correctly as it has proved, to
come from that country. A reference to Lindley’s figure of
O. Cervantesii (Bot. Reg., 1845, t. 36) shows that O. Mazillare
is indeed closely allied to that plant, but differs essentially in
the much longer oblong pseudobulbs, less petioled leaves, nar-
rower sepals, much shorter wingless column, obtuse anther-
case, different shaped lip, and in the colouring of the whole
flower.
Tam indebted to Messrs. Veitch for the use of a beautiful oil-
painting of this plant by Mrs. E. G. Wrigley, from which the
engraving here given has been made; the specimen which
accompanied it was flowered by Mr. Wrigley at Broadoaks,
JANUARY Ist, 1875.
Bury, Lancashire, in November last, and was procured from
Messrs. Veitch, who obtained it from Roezl.
Descr. Pseudobulbs about three inches long, narrowly ob-
long, much compressed, pale green. Jeaves five to seven
inches long, narrowly lanceolate, acute, keeled, hardly petioled.
Racemes 4-6-flowered, inclined, together with the rather stout
peduncle shorter than the leaves. Bracts slender, membra-
nous, brown; pedicel together with the ovary one and a half
inches long, slender. Perianth nearly two inches in diameter.
Sepals lanceolate, aristately acuminate, white, with a red-
brown lobed spot at the base. Petals broader than the sepals,
oblong, apiculate, with a livid purple-brown blotch at the
base. Jip much smaller than the petals, recurved, claw
short, hollowed ; lateral lobes small, forming two recurved
acute appendages to the claw; mid-lobe trowel-shaped, acu-
minate,-with waved or crisped margins, white, with a broad
2-lobed orange blotch on the disk towards the base, behind
which are two obtuse yellowish calli. Column very short,
not winged ; anther-case obtuse.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower, with sepals and petals removed; 2, front view of column
and lip :—magnified.
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THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS.
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ST. HELENA:
A
Pbusical, Pistorical, and Topographical Mescription of the Yslund,
INCLUDING ITS
GEOLOGY, FAUNA, FLORA, AND METEOROLOGY.
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BOTANICAL
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CONTENTS OF No. 361, JANUARY, 1875.
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A MONOGRAPH OF ODONTOGLOSSUM.
A Genus of the Vandeous section of Orchidaceous Plants.
F.R.S., F L.S., Author of ** The Orchidacee of Mexico
‘By James Batemay,
and Guatemala.”
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( /ecosaae
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Tas. 6145.
EPIDEN DRUM SYRINGOTHYRSIS.
Native of Bolivia.
Nat. Ord. OrcuipEz.—Tribe Epmenpre&.
Genus Eprpenprum, Linn. ; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid., part 2, p. 1).
Epipenprum (amphiglottium) syringothyrsis ; caulibus 4-pedalibus suberectis
gracilibus fasciculatis foliosis, foliis alternis distichis e basi vaginante
viridi elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis recurvis coriaceis dorso carinatis
lete viridibus, pedunculo spatha oblonga acuta brunnea vaginata ra-
chique valido purpureis, racemo magno ovoideo densifloro nutante, flori-
bus horizontalibus fusco-purpureis, bracteis parvis subulatis, pedicellis
cum ovario 1—14-pollicaribus gracilibus, perianthio 1 poll. diam., sepalis
elliptico-lanceolatis subacutis, petalis «equilongis linearibus, labello ad
apicem columne sessili parvo ad medium trilobo, lobis lateralibus
subquadrato-rotundatis integris, intermedio minore subquadrato trun-
cato apiculato, disco albo callis 3 lamelliformibus, columna clavata exa-
lata utrinque juxta foveam biloba purpurea.
EPIDENDRUM syringothyrsis, Reichb. f. mss.
A very tall and handsome species, which flowered in Mr.
Veitch’s fine Orchid collection in May, 1868, and again with
a larger raceme than that here figured in the same month of
' the following year. It is a native of Bolivia, where it was
collected, in 1866, by Messrs. Veitch’s collector, the late Mr.
Pearce, and is evidently a member of the immense section to
which F. evectum (Tab. nost. 5902) belongs, and of which the
type is the long known YL. elongatum, Jacq. (Tab. nost. 611),
which latter is one of the earliest cultivated tropical Orchids.
From all its congeners that are known to me, it differs in the
great size of the dense-flowered raceme, which, from its general
resemblance to that of the Lilac in form and colour, has sug-
gested to Professor Reichenbach, the specific name of syringo-
. thyrsis. Its nearest ally is . porphyreum, Lindl., a native of
Peru, which has a panicled inflorescence. Though long
known under the name given above, no description of it has
hitherto appeared. I have, however, confirmed the name by
application to my friend Dr. Reichenbach, who at once for-
FEBRUARY lst, 1875.
warded me a description. Dr. Reichenbach further informs
me, that he has native specimens gathered in 1845 by
Mandon in the Province of Laruaja, near Sorata, at eleva-
tions of 7-8000 feet.
Descr. Stems tufted, about four feet high, slender, erect,
or inclined, leafy, terete ; internodes one to two inches long.
Leaves numerous, distichous, alternate ; sheath green, cylin-
dric, three to four inches long; blade six to seven inches
long, recurved, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, keeled beneath,
faintly nerved, deep green above, paler beneath. Peduncle
shorter than the raceme, stout, terete, clothed with brown
lax sheathing bracts, and as well as the rachis dark red-
brown ; rachis stout, grooved, Panicle five to seven inches
long by four broad, inclined, broadly ovoid, obtuse, dense-
flowered. Flowers very numerous, horizontal; bracts small,
subulate. Pedicel and ovary together one to one and a half
inches long, slender and as well as the perianth dull red-
purple. Perianth one inch in diameter. Sepals spreading
horizontally, elliptic-lanceolate or rather broader upwards,
acute. Petals as long, but narrower. Lip sessile at the end of
the column, small, 3-lobed, lateral lobes quadrate with
rounded angles, quite entire; midlobe smaller, quadrate,
with an apiculus at the truncate apex; disk white with
three tumid yellow calli. Column clavate, not winged.—
Geter’
Fig. 1, Reduced view of plant; 2, portion of stem, and a panicle :—of the
natural size ; 3, column and lip :—magnified.
ONG
Vincent Brooks Day & Sat!
Tas. 6146.
LILIUM canapEnst, VAR. PARVUM.
Native of California.
Nat. Ord. LitraceE&,—Tribe TuLirez,
Genus Lizium, Linn. ; (Baker in Gard. Chron., 1871).
Litium canadense, var. parvum; caule gracili stricto glabro 1-13 pedali,
‘ + foliis sparsis’ et verticillatis 14-2 pollicaribus oblongo- v. obovato-lan-
ceolatis obtusis v. subacutis 1-—3-nerviis subundulatis , marginibus
scaberulis glabris, floribus parvis laxe subcorymbosis nutantibus longe
gracile pedicellatis, pedicellis erectis ebracteatis, perianthio tubuloso-
campanulato flavo-aurantiaco, foliolis supra medium patenti-recurvis
oblanceolatis subacutis medium versus purpureo-maculatis, exterioribus
paulo angustioribus, staminibus perianthio brevioribus, antheris majus-
culis flavis, stigmate capitato integro.
s 3 +48
L. canadense var. parvum, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xiv. p. 241.
L. parvum, Kellog. in Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. Sc., vol. ii. p. 179, t. 12;
hegel Gartenji., vol. xxi. p. 163, t. 725; Duchart. Obs. 98.
I follow Mr. Baker’s comprehensive account of the genus
Lilium, published in the “ Journal of the Linnzan Society,” in
referring this pretty Western American plant toa form of the
Eastern American Z. canadense, though before being con-
vinced of their identity, I should like to have more knowledge
of the fruit of the two plants than I have the materials to ob-
tain. The fruit of LZ. canadense is linear-oblong, nearly an inch
long in its largest state; that of a small specimen of L. parvum
from Scott's Mountains, near the 42nd parallel, collected by
Lyall, is subspherical in outline, truncate at the top, and
about half an inch in diameter. Lastly, Regel in the Garten-
flora describes the margins of the outer perianth segments
of Z. parvum as densely puberulous, which is not the case in
the specimens before me. :
The variety parvum inhabits a wide range of the mountains
of Western America from British Columbia southwards, and
appears to vary extraordinarily in stature and in the size of
all its parts. The form here represented, was sent for
FEBRUARY IsT, 1875.
figuring from the fine collection of Messrs. Barr and Sugden,
with whom it flowered in June of last year.
Drscr. Bulb globose, of many fleshy narrow acute scales.
Stem a foot to a foot and a half high, slender, erect, terete,
quite glabrous. Leaves scattered or whorled or both on the
same stem, one and a half to two inches long, sessile, ob-
lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, glabrous
with minutely roughened margins, undulate, obscurely
3-nerved, pale green, upper gradually smaller. /V/owers laxly
corymbose, drooping ; pedicels three to four inches long, very
slender, suberect, ebracteate. Perianth one to one and a quarter
inches long, narrowly campanulate, bright orange-red with
the tube greenish externally. Perianth-segments oblanceolate,
spreading and recurved for the upper third, spotted with
dark red-purple about the throat, subacute, the outer rather
narrower, quite glabrous. Stamens shorter than the perianth,
filaments slender ; anthers rather large, yellow. Ovary ob-
long; style stout clavate, stigma capitate entire—/J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Inner, and 2, outer, perianth segments :—magnified.
W-Fitch del ct hth
Vincent: Brooks Day&San imp.
Tas. 6147.
VERONICA pineurroura.
Native of New Zealand.
Nat. Ord. ScropHuLarIngex#.—T'ribe VERONICES.
Genus Veronica, Linn. ; (Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 458).
Veronica (Decussate) pinguifolia ; fruticulus glaberrimus robustus ramosus
. glaucus, ramis oppositis v, suboppositis crebre cicatricatis erectis v.
decumbentibus, ramulis puberulis, foliis imbricatis sessilibus erecto-
patentibus obovatis v. obovato-oblongis obtusis integerrimis crasse
coriaceis concavis enerviis, costa obscura subtus ecarinata, spicis con-
fertis axillaribus et subterminalibus brevibus subglobosis densifloris
pubescenti-pilosis, floribus sessilibus, bracteis coriaceis ciliatis, sepalis
oblongis obtusis puberulis ciliatis, floribus albis, capsula obovato-
oblonga obtusa compressa emarginata.
V. pinguifolia, Hook. f. Handbook of New Zeal. Flora, p. 210.
The shrubby Veronicas of New Zealand are a prevailing
feature throughout the islands, at all elevations, and in almost
all situations. Upwards of thirty species have been discovered,
including some of remarkable beauty, of which /. speciosa (Tab.
nost. 4057) and V. salicifolia, with their numerous varieties
and hybrids, are the only ones well known in cultivation,
except the less attractive V. edliptica (V. decussata, Ait., Tab.
nost. 242), one of the earliest cultivated greenhouse shrubs
of the Southern Hemisphere, and which inhabits New Zealand,
Terra del Fuego, and the Falkland Islands. Amongst the
least conspicuous of this group is the present plant, which is
a native of considerable elevations (3000-5000 ft.) in the
Nelson and Canterbury provinces of middle Island of New
Zealand.
V. pinguifolia has been cultivated for several years both at
Kew, and in Mr. Isaac Anderson Henry’s garden near Edin-
burgh, where it was first raised from seed. It has stood in the
open air throughout the winter without protection at Kew,
and flowers in midsummer. It is very closely allied to
FEBRUARY Ist, 1875.
V. carnosula, another New Zealand species, distinguished by
its acute glabrous capsule.
Drscr. A stout erect or subprostrate woody shrub,
four inches to four feet high; branches closely covered with
leaf scars, the branchlets pubescent. eaves one-sixth to
one-half of an inch long, closely imbricate, erecto-patent,
sessile, very thick and coriaceous, glaucous, obovate-oblong,
obtuse, quite entire, nerveless,not keeled, midrib very obscure.
lowers one-third of an inch in diameter, in almost globose
crowded axillary and subterminal dense-flowered spikes, quite
sessile, white. Bracts as long as the calyx, convex, oblong,
obtuse, ciliate, deciduous. Sepals oblong, obtuse, ciliate and
pubescent. Corolla-tube equalling the calyx, lobes broadly
ovate with rounded tips, veinless, the lower lobe half the size
of the others, and more contracted at the base. Filaments not
exceeding the corolla; anthers blue. Ovary pubescent ;
capsule obvate-oblong, emarginate, compressed, pubescent, as
long as, or twice as long as the calyx.— J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Side view of flower ; 2, corolla and stamen ; 3, calyx and capsule :
—all magnified.
cent Brooks Day & Son imp.
Vin
Tas, 6148.
FOURCROYA Szttoa.
Native of Guatemala.
Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEH.—Tribe AGAVE.
Genus Fourcrora, Vent. ; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 181).
Fourcroya Selloa ; caudice brevi robusto, foliis perplurimis dense confertis
undique patentibus strictis 3-pedalibus carnoso-fibrosis anguste ensi-
formi-lanceolatis supra basim angustatis attenuato-acuminatis margine
remote spinosis, spinis incurvis mucroneque terminali tenui deciduo
castaneis, utrinque supra basim subcarinatis, subtus asperis secus
costam basim versus remote spinosis, scapo 15-20 pedali stricto remote
bracteato, panicule ample laxe ramis erecto-patentibus, bracteis parvis
ovato-lanceolatis viridibus, floribus pendulis 2-24 poll. diam. breviter
pedicellatis, ovario parvo anguste oblongo, perianthii foliolis oblongis
obtusis dorso fere albis intus viridibus late albo-marginatis, filamentis
Giengelatr era perianthio multoties brevioribus, antheris parvis
avis.
F. Selloa, K. Koch in Wochenschrift, 8 jahrg., P- 22; Jacobi in Hamburg
Garten Zeit., vol. xxii. p. 408,
The plant here figured was named as above by General
Jacobi on his visit to Kew some years ago (in 1865, I think).
It is described in his monograph of the genus published in
Otto’s Gartenflora in 1866 ; as also previously by Karl Koch,
but from foliage only. Iam not aware that it has flowered
anywhere but at Kew, where two individuals in the spring
of last year sent up flowering scapes, which pushing rapidly
upwards, were allowed to protrude through the roof of the Suc-
culent House, and expanded in magnificent panicles in Sep-
tember. They continued flowering till N ovember, and formed
bulbils in the branches of the panicle as well as flowers. At
the same time, three other fine plants of the same class
flowered in the same house, and required exit through the
roof—namely, Ayave americana and two specimens of Dasy-
lirium acrotrichum.
F. Selloa is a native of Guatemala, and has long been
FEBRUARY Ist, 1875.
cultivated at Kew, where it was received from the Con-
tinental gardens.
Descr. Trunk one foot high, clothed with brown remains
of old leaves. Leaves forming a nearly-rounded coma six
feet in diameter, spreading on all sides, straight, rigid, bright
green, narrowly lanceolate-ensiform, contracted above the
base, gradually narrowed into a long, pungent, deciduous,
chestnut-brown spine; margin with remote, incurved, horny,
chestnut spines, a quarter of aninch long; upper surface con-
cave and granular, convex and almost keeled at the con-
tracted part; lower surface rough, with close set points,
convex, raised along the miiddle line towards the base and
there armed with a few spines. Scape fifteen to twenty feet
high, slender, strict, green, with a few small sub-erect lan-
ceolate-subulate bracts. Panicle four to six feet high, spread-
ing, laxly branched; branches slender, erecto-patent, lax-
flowered. Bracts at the bases of branches small, green.
Flowers two inches in diameter, rather crowded on short
branchlets, drooping, very shortly pedicelled; bracteoles
small, green, subulate. Ovary oblong, half an inch long.
Perianth-segments equal, elliptic-oblong, rounded at the apex,
spreading and incurved, almost white externally ; internally
green, with a broad white margin. Stamens about one-third
the length of the perianth. i/aments fleshy, triangular-
subulate, greenish white; anthers small, yellow. Style
subulate.
Fig. 1, Whole plant, reduced ; 2, leaf, reduced ; 3, portion of leaf; and
4, of panicle :—of the natural size.
6449
3
mn
bs
4
3
oa
i
=
Vincent Brooks Day &San, inp
TAB. 6149.
SENECIO macroauossvs.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. Composirm.—Tribe SENECIONIDEA.
Genus Senecio, Linn. ; (Benth. 5 Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. ii. p. 446).
SENECIO macroglossus ; alte scandens, glaberrimus, lucidus, caule volubili
cylindraceo tereti, foliis petiolatis triangulari-hastatis acutis, lobis late-
ralibus simplicibus dentatis v. pauci-lobulatis acuminatis, pedunculis
axillaribus et terminalibus 1-flores gracilibus elongatis pauci-bracteatis,
involueri squamis lineari-oblongis acuminatis, exterioribus patentibus
apicibus non sphacelatis, quam interioribus erectis conniventibus
equilongis angustioribus, floribus radii 8-12, ligulis pollicaribus late
elliptico-oblongis apice minute 3-dentatis, disci ad 40, pappi setis gra-
cilibus albis, achenio cylindrico glabro multistriato.
S. macroglossus, DC. Prodr., vol, vii. p. 404; Harv. § Sond. Fl. Cap., |
vol. li. p. 408. ;
A remarkably handsome plant, and one fitted for dwelling-
room culture, its Ivy-like glossy leaves being evergreen, its
large flowers produced in mid-winter, and its habit well
adapted for a trelliswork. I have indeed heard of either this
or an allied species being cultivated in drawing-rooms abroad,
and trained round the walls beneath the ceiling. Like most
Cape plants, it wants very careful watering and plenty of
fresh air. It is the largest flowered species of the enormous
genus to which it belongs, and which contains nearly one
thousand species, and the flowers remain for a considerable
period in_ perfection. According to the Flora Capensis,
S. macroglossus extends from the Keiskamma river (west of
Algoa Bay) to Natal, but the only specimen we have that
precisely agrees with the cultivated plant was collected by
Mr. Sanderson on the Palmiet river, immediately to the
east of Table Bay in the Western Cape district.
The specimen figured is from a plant cultivated in the
Succulent House at Kew, where it is trained upon one of the
rafters, and forms a very ornamental feature, blossoming at
FEBRUARY 1st, 1875.
Christmas ; it was raised from seed sent by Mr. Sanderson
in 1868. ,
Descr. Quite glabrous, lucid, shining. Sfems slender,
twining, climbing trees for many feet, cylindric, terete, red-
brown below; branches green. Leaves alternate, petioled,
one and a half to two and a half inches in diameter,
triangular, acute or acuminate with acuminate simple
lobed or toothed lateral lobes, base deeply cordate with a
narrow sinus, dark glossy-green above, pale beneath, rather
fleshy, nerves palmate as in the Ivy. Peduncles terminal and
axillary, three to five inches long, slender, green, naked or
with a few scattered subulate green bracts. Heads two and
a half inches across. nvolucre one inch long; outer scales
or bracteoles spreading and incurved, narrow linear, acumi-
nate, as long as the inner, which are broader, acute, erect,
and connivent into a cylinder, tips of all green. Ray-jlowers
eight to twelve, very large; limb one and a half inches long,
elliptic, pale yellow, with three minute blunt teeth at the
much contracted tip ; disk-flowers about forty, small. Pappus
of fine soft hairs. Achene slender, terete, striate-—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Ray-; and 2, disk-flowers :—both magnified.
6150
+E
YINCEL
Tas. 6150.
ERYTHROTIS Beppomer.
Native of Malabar.
Nat. Ord. ComMMELYNEA.
Genus Novum, Eryturotis, Hook. f.
Cuar. Gen. Sepala 3, equalia, libera, Petala 8, equalia, libera, orbiculata,
membranacea, obscure unguiculata. Stamina 6, omnia fertilia et
wqualia, filamentis filiformibus supra medium longe barbatis; anthe-
rarum loculis connectivum marginantibus, superne divergentibus.
Ovarium 3-loculare ; stylus filiformis, glaberrimus, apice non incras-
satus, stigmate punctiformi; ovula in loculis 2, superposita, superiore
adscendente, inferiore pendulo. Capsula . . . .—Herba Malabarica,
prostrata, villosa. Folia carnosula, disticha, subimbricata, ovato-cordata,
acuta. Flores parvi, rubri, ad apices ramulorum breviter racemosi,
pedicellis brevibus geminis unibracteatis.
A singularly beautiful little plant, and one easy of cul tiva-
tion, discovered by Col. Beddome, F.L.S., on dry bare rocks,
at an elevation of 38-4000 feet, in the Myhendra mountains
of South Travancor, from whence he sent seeds to Kew,
where plants raised from which flowered in December last.
It appears to me to be a new genus, closely allied to Cyanotis,
but differing in its prostrate habit, inflorescence, the arrange-
ment of the bracts, perfectly free sepals, and filiform style,
without an inflation below the stigma. The filaments are
quite those of Cyanotis; and it is remarkable that whilst
the calyx and corolla are red, the beards of the filaments are
bright blue (as in Cyanotis). The brilliant colouring of the
under surface of the leaves is a very unusual character in
the group of Commelynee, to which itis most allied.
Erythrotis Beddomei is a stove plant, but well adapted for a
warm conservatory during summer, when it may be trained
over the pots and made very ornamental ; the colouring of
the under surface of the leaves is however very variable,
and pales much in winter. :
Descr. Whole plant villous, with spreading hairs that turn
brown in drying. Branches starting from a primary stout erect
shoot with lanceolate large spreading leaves, three to six inches
FEBRUARY Ist, 1875.
long, spreading from the root, appressed (except at their up-
turned tips) to the ground, stout, densely leafy. Leaves one
to one and one-half inches long, rather fleshy, translucent,
close-set, imbricating, distichous, spreading horizontally,
ovate-cordate, acute, sessile on their sheaths, green and convex
above with recurved purple tips, margins recurved, bright red
‘beneath; nerves seven to nine, obscure; sheaths one quarter
of an inch long, cylindric, fringed with long cilia. lowers
four to eight racemed in pairs on short peduncles at the ends
of the branches and branchlets, one-third of an inch in diameter,
shortly pedicelled, each with one elliptic-oblong bract on the
pedicel. Sepals three, perfectly free, ovate-oblong, acute,
hispid on the back, Peta/s orbicular, quite free, membranous,
red, nerveless, very shortly clawed. Stamens rather longer
than the petals, filaments filiform, beards blue ; anthers yellow.
Cells slightly diverging upwards. Ovary hispid, 3-celled; style
slender, filiform, quite glabrous, stigma punctiform ; ovules
two in each cell, superposed, upper ascending, lower pendu-
lous.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, calyx and ovary; 3, stamens :—all magnified.
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GUSTAVIA Graciuma.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. Myrracem—Tribe LECYTHIDER.
Genus Gustavia, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. i. p. 721).
Gustavia gracillima ; glaberrima, foliis elongato-lineari-lanceolatis (juniori-
bus brevioribus et latioribus) acuminatis in petiolum pollicarem angus-
tatis serratis marginibus undulatis creberrime nervosis, floribus 4-poll.
diam. axillaribus solitariis v. binis roseis, pedicellis 1-13 pollicaribus
medio 2-bracteolatis glabris, calyce brevissimo 4-lobo, lobis latioribus
quam longis obtusis, petalis ad 8 obovato-oblongis apice rotundatis
glaberrimis, filamentis purpureis, ovario pubescente ecostato.
G. gracillima, Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc., vol. xxx. p. 181.
The genus Gustavia contains, according to Mr. Miers’ new
revision of it in the Linnean Transactions, upwards of twenty
species, natives of various tropical parts of the South American
Continent. Of these the only one hitherto figured from living
specimens in Europe is the beautiful G. casignis (Tab. nost.
5069), which flowered in Kew in 1858, and yet all the other
species are as beautiful, and some, like that now figured,
far more highly coloured than that superb plant. The pre-
sent is a young plant which differs from the full grown state
of the same in the shorter and broader leaves, which have
since the drawing was made, attained on the plant a length
of thirteen by one and one-half inches, and in indigenous
specimens they are fifteen to eighteen inches by three-quarters
to one inch. It isa native of New Grenada, where it was
discovered by Purdie in the woods of Carmin, in 1545, form-
ing a singular small tree flowering on its slender, lofty trunk,
in July.
le ccna here figured was sent by Mr. Bull from his
establishment at Chelsea, where it flowered in September of
last year; it was collected by Roezl in New Grenada.
Descr. A tree with a slender trunk, quite glabrous every-
MARCH Ist, 1875.
where ; ranches with pale bark, densely leafy at the tips.
Leaves close- set, spreading and recurved, fifteen to eighteen
inches long by one to one and a-half inches broad, oblanceo-
late in the young plants, much longer and more narrow in
the old ones, acuminate, serrate, narrowed into a slender
petiole about one to two inches long, margin somewhat
waved, midrib prominent beneath ; veins numerous, close-set,
arched, very slender. Vowers four inches in diameter, rose-
red, produced from the leaf-axils in the young plant, from the
wood in old ones, solitary or in pairs. Peduncle one to two
inches long, stout, clavate, with small orbicular appressed
bracts at the base, and two opposite ovate, small, appressed
bracteoles about the middle. Calyx very short, with four
broad obtuse lobes. Pefals about eight, obovate-oblong,
rounded at the tip, glabrous on the back. Staminal-tube
yellow; filaments dark purple; anthers numerous, most
densely packed, linear. Ovary pubescent at the top, style very
small, pointed.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Peduncle, calyx, and ovary ; 2, portion of staminal tube, filaments,
and anthers ; ; 3, filament and anther :—all magnified.
6152
W Fitch, del et list
Vincent Brooks Day& Sou imp
Tas. 6152.
MASDEVALLIA CHIMARA.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. Orcuipr“z.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLIDES.
Genus Masprvaiia, Ruiz. § Pav.; (Lindl. Gen. § Sp. Orchid., p. 192),
Masbevatita Chimera ; caulibus fasciculatis, foliis 6-8-pollicaribus lineari-
oblanceolatis acutis basi angustatis sed vix petiolatis carinatis, scapis
curvis foliis brevoribus robustis 5—6-bracteatis, floribus horizontalibus,
sepalis basi in tubum brevem late campanulatum profunde sulcatum
connatis dein late ovatis in caudas tripollicares filiformi-subulatas
abrupte angustatis citrinis sanguineo maculatis, intus pilis longis
vestitis, marginibus reflexis, petalis brevibus cuneato-oblongis, labello
breviter stipitato oblongo saccato, marginibus. inflexis dentatis, nervis
intus carinatis, columna acuta. :
M. Chimera, Reichb. f.-in Gard. Chron., 1872, p. 463; and 1875, p. 41,
cum wc. xylog. Xen. Orchid., vol. ii. p. 195, t. 185; André Rev. Hortic.,
t. 117, 118. i.
re
bo
A very singular plant, of which M. André says in the
Illustration Horticole, that no name more applicable could
be found for it than that given by Professor Reichenbach—
namely, that of the offspring of Typhon and Echidna, which
had the body of a goat, the head of a lion, and tail of a
dragon, and which vomited flames of fire. Without pushing
the simile to an extreme, there is enough in the grotesque
and almost threatening appearance of this plant, due to the
arched flower-stalk and protruded flower, like the head and
body of a viper about to strike, to justify Prof. Reichen-
bach’s happy fancy in giving it the trivial name alluded to.
Nor is it at all destitute of beauty; and though not so gor-
geously coloured as M. ignea (Tab. nost. 5962), or M. Linden
(Tab. 5990), it is well worthy of cultivation, anda plant likely
to lend popularity to a genus of which new species are being
yearly imported, and which for number and variety of
species, facility of growth and neatness of habit, would alone
satisfy the wants of a moderate collector of Orchids. Indeed,
MARCH Ist, 1875,
it is much to be wished that Orchid fanciers, who take an
intelligent interest in the Order, would; according to their
means, make their collections famous for completeness in one
or a few of the larger and less pretentious genera, as well as
for the production of gigantic specimens of the showy kinds.
As it is, England is the grave of Orchids ; of the millions im-
ported but a few hundreds survive the first few years, and
this very much because every collector forms a miscellaneous
collection, wherein it is impossible to meet the requirements
of any but the most indifferent to the treatment the gene-
rality may experience.
M. Chimera is a native of deep valleys in New Grenada,
where it was discovered by Roezl, and imported by M. Linden
in 1872. For the splendid specimen here figured I am in-
debted to Mr. Bull, who flowered it in December last.
Descr. Stem tufted. Leaves six to nine inches long, nar-
rowly oblanceolate, acute, narrowed at the base, which is clothed
with four to six sheaths, keeled. Scape shorter than the
leaves, arched, stout, with five or six green appressed sheaths.
Flowers eight inches long from tip to tip of the dorsal and
lateral sepals, yellow, spotted with blood-red. Ovary small,
curved, red-brown. Perianth-tube shortly campanulate,
deeply 6-grooved. Sepals three-quarters of an inch broad,
broadly obovate, hispid with soft spreading hairs on the inner
surface, suddenly contracted into slender, red purple tails,
three inches long, margins reflexed. Peta/s very short, one-
sixth of an inch long, spathulate, expanded at the tip jnto
four spreading lobes, with a thick red caruncle between the
lobes. Lip one-third of an inch long, slipper-shaped, with
inflexed toothed margins, and keeled ribs within, white.
Column as long as the petals, acute.—J. D. H. |
Fig. 1, Ovary, lip, petals and column :—magnified.
Vineent Brocks Day & Sonlath
Tas. 6153.
COLCHICUM tourevm.
Native of Kashmir and Afghanistan.
Nat. Ord. MELANTHACE.
Cotcuicum luteum; cormo pollicari dimidiato-globoso, tunicis levibus
castaneis membranaceis, vaginatis foliis 3-4 Jinearibus obtusis
demum elongatis 6 pollicaribus 4-4 poll. latis, floribus 1-3 cum
foliis costaniis luteis, perianthii tubo 2-3 pollicari, limbi segmentis
pollicaribus lineari-oblongis obtusis, antheris luteis linearibus fila-
menta basifixa longe superantibus, stigmatibus luteis filiformibus
elongatis exsertis, carpellis pollicaribus superne liberis in stylos
attenuatis,
C. luteum, Baker in Gard. Chron., 1874, p. 33.
Melanthacew, Grif. Posth. Papers, vol. ii. p. 328.
Mr. Baker, who described this pretty little plant from
dried specimens preserved in the Hookerian Herbarium, re-
marks that it would be a great acquisition to our stock of
cultivated Colchicums, and would no doubt be hardy in our
English gardens; also, that it is the only yellow-flowered
kind hitherto known, all the others being of a purple colour
running off into white. As a species it belongs to the
Mediterranean group, with leaves and flowers produced at
the same time, and both in spring. It is a native of the
mountains in the extreme West of India beyond the Indus,
in Hazara, at an elevation of 7000 feet, where it flowers in
December and J anuary. An apparently identical plant has
been gathered by Dr. Thomson, F.R.S., in the valley of
Kashmir, at an elevation of 5-7000 feet, flowering in
June; by Stocks in Beluchistan; and by Griffith, who 1s
the discoverer of the species, in Kafferisthan, near Otipore,
about the year 1840, flowering in April at an elevation of
6-7000 feet. It has also been gathered by Stocks mm
upper Beluchistan, and by Henderson in the Zoji pass in
Kashmir. For the specimens here I am indebted to Dr.
Atchison, F.L.S., of the Indian Medical Service, an ex-
MARCH Ist, 1875.
cellent botanist, who communicated the bulbs by post, in
1874, to Kew, where they flowered in J anuary of the present —
year, and from whom we have dried specimens from Abbot-
tabad, in Hazara, with much narrower leaves than his own,
the cultivated ones, or those from Kashmir and Affghanistan.
Drscr. Corm one to two inches long, by three-quarters to
one inch thick, almost halfmoon-shaped, slightly laterally
compressed, pointed bluntly at the base; sheaths smooth,
membranons, dark brown, the inner often produced upwards
into a tube round the leaves. Leaves three to four, produced
with the flower, sheathed at the base, narrow linear-ligulate,
obtuse, concave, three to four, at length six to seven inches
long, bright green. F/owers two to three, bright and almost.
golden yellow. Perianth-tube two to three inches long, slender,
white, sometimes purple in wild specimens ; limb one inch long,
about two and a half inches broad when expanded ; segments
linear-oblong, rather broader upwards, obtuse. Sfamens ex-
tending two-thirds up the perianth limb; anthers linear,
basifixed, much longer than the filaments. Styles filiform,
exserted. Capsule two-thirds to one inch long, ovoid, of three
brown leathery carpels, free at the top and narrowed into the.
style-bases.—J/. D. H.
615
Vincent Brooks Day & Som, Lath
Tas. 6154.
THEROPOGON PALLIDUS.
Native of the Himalaya Mountains.
Nat. Ord. Littaceam.—Tribe SmiLaces.
Genus TuERopogon, (Maxim. in Bull. Acad. St. Petersb., vol. xv. p. 89).
TueERopoGon pallidus ; glaberrimus, cespitosus, foliis distichis erecto-recurvis’
gramineis acutis planis 1-3-nerviis basi membranaceo-vaginatis, scapis
erectis foliis brevioribus strictis angulatis ancipitibus v. 2—3-alatis,
racemis erectis vix nutantibus 6—16-floris, bracteis linearibus acutis
viridibus pedicellis nudis curvis brevioribus, floribus nutantibus cam-
panulatis pallide roseis cum pedicello articulatis, peranthii segmentis
ovatis, filamentis brevibus dilatatis antheris acutis latioribus, ovarii
globosi loculis 6—10-ovulatis, stylo stricto, stigmate punctiforme, bacca
pisiformi oligosperma, seminibus compressis, testa tenuissima albumini
corneo adherente.
T. pallidus, Maxim. 1. ¢.
Opniorocon? pallidus, Wall. Cat., 2138; Kunth. Enum., vol. v. p. 300.
?'O. mollis, Royle Ill., 382 (nomen tantum).
O. brevifolius, Royle Herb.
A very common Himalayan plant, from Kumaon, alt. 6000
feet, to Nepal and Sikkim, in which latter county it ascends
to 10,000 feet; also common in the Khasia mountains, where
it is found at 5-6000 feet towards the tops of the hills. It
prefers mossy rocks, and the bases of old trees, when the roots
run rather superficially in the loose soil.
This plant was long regarded as a doubtful Ophiopogon,
from which its soft habit at once distinguishes it, a character
that makes me suspect that it is Royle’s O. mollis, a plant of
which no authentic specimens are known to exist, except the
plant called drevifolius in Mss. Herb. (at Kew), and which
is not alluded to in his Himalayan Botany, be the same.
From Ophiopogon it farther differs in its annual foliage, ber-
ried fruit, broad filaments, free base of the ovary, many ovules,
the seed not being exposed by the rupture of the pericarp, as
in that genus, and the excessively thin adherent testa.
MARCH Ist, 1875.
Our specimens were received from the rich collection of
W. W. Saunders, Esq., late of Reigate, raised from seed.
Descr. Derisely tufted, perfectly glabrous throughout.
Roots of stout fleshy tortuous fibres. Leaves distichous at the
base, and then clothed with long membranous sheaths, grassy,
each six to eighteen inches long, a quarter to half an inch
broad, erect and recurved, acuminate, soft, with a distinct
midrib and many slender nerves, margin quite entire, rather
glaucous beneath. Scape shorter than the leaves, very slender,
erect, with two or three sharp angles or narrow wings.
Raceme two to four inches long, 6—16-flowered, erect or
slightly nodding, rachis compressed, bracts linear-subulate,
green, shorter than the curved pedicels, F/owers campanulate,
pale rose-red, one-third inch in diameter. Perianth-segments
ovate, subacute, rather fleshy, nerveless. Stamens very short ;
filaments broadly orbicular-obovate, fleshy ; anther sessile
on the filament, narrower than it is, ovate, acute, cells diverg-
ing. Ovary globose, 3-celled; style strict, stigma minute ;
ovules six to ten in each cell. Berry size of a pea, with few
compressed brown very hard seeds ; testa extremely thin, ad-
herent to the horny albumen.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same cut vertically; 3, stamens; 4, tranverse
section of ovary; 5, ditto entire; 6, fruit:—all but 6 magnified.
6 } Od.
W.Fitch, del. et hth ‘Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp.
Tas. 6158.
WAHLENBERGIA Toupsrosa.
Native of Juan Fernandez.
Nat. Ord. CamPANULACEm.—Tribe WAHLENBERGIEX.
Genus Wantenperaia, Schrad.; (Endl. Gen. Pl., p. 516).
WaAHLENBERGIA tuberosa; glaberrima, rhizomate e tuberibus epigeis confertis
subglobosis diametro juglandis, caulibus gracillimis erectis 6—24-polli-
caribus laxe ramosis et foliosis, foliis pollicaribus patulis linearibus acutis
obtusisve dentatis 1-nerviis, floribus erectis apicem versus caulis
paniculatis, ovario obconico, calycis segmentis linearibus _patenti-
recurvis utrinque, 1—2-dentatis, corolla campanulata 4 poll. longa
alba rubro-vittata, lobis brevibus recurvis, filamentis glabris tubo
corollz ter brevioribus.
I find no description answering to this very curious and
beautiful plant, nor any specimens in the Herbarium, which
is the more remarkable as the Island from which it comes has
been visited by several botanists, who have detected there
two other species of Waklenbergia. These are both much
taller and stouter plants, with broader serrated leaves and
much larger flowers. In the whole genus, which is a tole-
rably uniform one in habit, I know of no feature so remark-
able as the tuberous rootstock of this, which resembles a
cluster of small potatoes placed on the top of the pot; the
contrast of these grotesque objects, with the exquisitely grace-
ful thread-like stems and profusion of pearl white rose-—
streaked blossoms, is exceedingly striking, and recommends
the plant as a most desirable one for greenhouse and probably
out-of-door culture. Of course care must be taken not to over-
water the plant when past flower, or the tubers will soon rot.
Messrs. Veitch sent the plant here figured, in full flower in
September of last year, together with another specimen,
nearly two feet high. They received it from Juan Fernandez,
where it was discovered by their collector, Mr. Downton, in
1873.
MARCH Ist, 1875.
.
Drscr. Quite glabrous. Rootstock of clustered subglobose
woody tubers, one to one and a half inches in diameter, irre-
gularly constricted on the surface concentrically. Branches
many, six to twelve inches high, branched from the very |
base, suberect, very slender, leafy, paniculately branched
above; branchlets suberect, almost capillary, 1-flowered
at the tips. Leaves scattered, numerous, one-half to three-
quarters of an inch long, spreading and rather deflexed,
narrow linear, uniform, obtuse or acute, slightly toothed at
the margin, bright green, I-nerved. Flowers very copiously
produced at the tips of the panicled branches, erect, half an
inch long ; the branches that bear them forming filiform pe-
duncles with one or two small recurved leaves. Ovary
obconic, very short. Calya-seyments half as long as the
corolla, narrowly linear, spreading and recurved, green, with
one or two teeth on each side. Corolla bell-shaped, white
with five bright rose-red bands down the segments and tube
externally ; segments short, ovate, recurved.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Leaf; 2, flower; 3, the same laid open :—all magnified.
n one Vol., Royal 4to, with 48 Coloured Plates,
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THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS.
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TAB. 6156.
PHYLLOCACTUS sarrormis.
Native of Honduras.
Nat. Ord. Cacre#.—Tribe EprrrHyLLe®.
Genus Paytiocactus, Link. ; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. i. p. 849).
Puytuocacrus biformis; caule tereti flexuoso, ramis complanatis oblongis
lanceolatis v. elongato-lanceolatis in petiolum crassum angustatis’
crenato-serratis obtusis v. subobtusis, costa crassa, ovario cylindraceo
squamulis minutis sparsis, perianthii infundibuliformis segmentis 8-12
sub-biscriatis anguste lanceolatis acuminatis roseo-purpureis exteriori-
bus angustioribus staminibus 6-12, stigmatis radiis 4—5, bacca parva
lageeniformi. gor
Puytiocactus biformis, Labouret, Monog. Cact., p. 418.
Disocactus biformis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg., 1845, t. 9; p. 77.
Distsocactus biformis, Salm Dyck, Cact., p. 57; Lemaire, Les Cactées.
Cereus biformis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg., 1843; Misc., p. 33. go
A very pretty and distinct species of Piyllocactus, differing
from all others in the few perianth segments and stamens, on
which account Lindley made a new genus of it, under the
name of Disocactus—from Sic, two, woc, equal, and xaxroc,
in allusion to the equal number of petals and sepals in the
. specimen he figured, which presented four of each. The
wwoc he appears to have dropped, no doubt for the sake of
euphony, but it has been taken up by Salm Dyck, and the
amplified name retained by such subsequent authors as have »
held to the genus being a good one. : Py
For my own part, I entirely agree with Labouret in merge
ing the genus into Phyllocactus, from which it differs in
nothing but the fewer perianth segments, the distinction of
which into an inner and outer series is not so evident in the
specimen here figured. Dr. Lindley’s plant further differs
from that here figured in its outer segments being more
slender, almost filiform, and the inner comparatively broader
and closer placed. /
Phyllocactus biformis is a native of Honduras, whence it
was introduced by G. Ure Skinner, Esq., in 1839. He sent it
APRIL Ist, 1875.
to the late Sir Charles Lemon, who had a famous collection
at Carcleugh, in Cornwall; and it has been long cultivated at
Kew, where it flowered in January, 1874; and I am indebted
to Mr. Corderoy for another specimen which flowered with
him in June; it had six narrower outer segments, four inner,
and only six stamens.
Descr. Stems epiphytic, two to four feet long, cylindric, as
thick as a swan’s quill below, flexuous, branched. Branches
leaf-like, lower broadly ovate or oblong, obtuse, two inches
long, petioled, obscurely crenate ; upper three to five inches
long, narrow lanceolate, narrowed at both ends, subacute,
obtusely serrate; all of them bright green, thick, and fleshy,
with a stout costa, and no evident nerves. owers situated
in the crenatures, two to two and a half inches long. Ovary
‘half an inch long, cylindric, green, with a few minute scat-
tered, triangular scales. Perianth bright red-purple, funnel-
shaped, two inches in diameter; segments eight, ten, or
twelve, lanceolate, long acuminate, the four or six outer
narrower and shorter than the inner. Stamens six to eight,
‘ filaments of unequal length, anthers linear. Stigma with four
slender papillose rays. Berry red-purple, ovoid or flagon-
shaped. Seeds very minute.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower with the perianth cut vertically; 2, berry 5: 3, transverse
section of ditto :—all magnified.
6157.
Vincent Brooks Day & San Iup
Tas. 6157.
PENTSTEMON ANTIRRHINOIDES.
Native of California.
Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINEZ.—Tribe CHELONE.
Genus Pentstemon, L’her.; (Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 320).
Pentstemon (Breviflori) antirrhinoides ; fruticosus, subcinereus, fere glaber,
ramosissimus, ramulis tenuibus virgatis, foliis parvis vix petiolatis
spathulato- v. obovato-oblongis linearibus v. oblanceolatis obtusis v.
subacutis integerrimis subenerviis, pedunculis gracilibus breviusculis
v. subelongatis axillaribus unifloris v. terminalibus diphyllis 1-2 floris,
sepalis ovatis acutis, corolla lutea nuda, labiis amplis, superiore orbicu-
lato concavo emarginato marginibus recurvis, inferiore 3-lobo, lobis
oblongis obtusis, filamento ananthero villoso, antheris glabris loculis
divergentibus,
PrENTSTEMON antirrhinoides, Benth. in DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 594; A. Gray
in Proc. Amer. Acad., Oct. 1862, p. 56.
A very charming shrubby half-hardy plant, discovered in
California by Dr. Coulter nearly half a century ago, and, as
far as I am aware, found by no one since till Bolander
gathered it in the Santa Maria Valley, San Diego. It is re-
markable for the lemon-yellow colour of its flowers in a genus
of which most of the species are red, violet, purplish, or blue,
colours which rarely occur along with yellow in one group of
closely allied vegetable forms, though mstances do occur (as
Gentian).
Pentstemon antirrhinoides flowered at the Royal Gardens,
Kew, in September, 1874, from specimens sent by Mr. Niven,
of the Hull Botanic Gardens. It is the twenty-fourth species
figured in this work, out of upwards of fifty that have flowered
in European gardens. The total number of species known
in 1862 was sixty-four, of which an enumeration is given by
Asa Gray in the Proceedings of the American Academy of
Sciences, quoted above. ;
Descr. A small, much-branched, glabrous, subcinereous
shrub; dranches and branchlets slender, erect, leafy. Leaves
three-fourths to one and a quarter inches long; obovate-spa-
thulate, or oblong, or lanceolate, rarely linear-obovate ; obtuse
APRIL Ist, 1875.
or acute, quite entire, narrowed at the base into a very short
petiole, nerves very indistinct. HVowers one inch in diameter,
lemon-yellow, solitary and axillary in the ultimate branchlets,
or more frequently terminal, with two leafy bracts, or three
together—two with two leafy bracts, and the intermediate
one bractless ; peduncle one-half to an inch long, very slender.
Calyzx-segments ovate-oblong, acute, outer larger. Corolla
glabrous, tube short, broad; limb two-lipped; upper lip
orbicular, concave, arched, notched at the tip, margins re-
curved ; lower 3-lobed, lobes oblong, rounded at the tip.
Stamens quite glabrous ; anther-cells divaricating, antherless
filament bearded. Ovary ovoid. Style slender, stigmatic-
lobes minute.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Corolla laid open; 2, top of filament and anther; 8, calyx and
style; 4, ovary, ovule and base of style:—ail magnified.
Tas, 6158.
PYRUS pronirotia.
Native of Siberia and North China.
Nat. Ord. Rosacea.—Tribe Pomez&.
Genus Prrus, Linn. ; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. i. p. 626).
Pyrus (Malus) prunifolia; foliis gracile petiolatis late elliptico- v. obovato-
orbiculatis subacutis creberrime serrulatis, junioribus subtus araneosis,
umbellis simplicibus, calycis tubo lanato segmentis lanceolatis reflexis,
petalis obovatis unguiculatis, stylis basi connatis, bacca calyce peristente
coronata subglobosa v. ovoidea levi v. costata. ;
Pyrus prunifolia, Willd. Phytog., vol. i. p. 8; Sp. Pl., vol. ii. p. 1018; Art.
Hort. Kew., ed. ii. vol. iii. p- 208; DC. Prodr., vol. ii. p. 685; Led.
Fil. Ross., vol ii. p. 97 ; Regel. Gartenfl., 1862, p. 203, t. 364, f. 7-11;
Loud, Arboret., vol. ii. p. 892; K. Koch, Dendrol., vol. i. p. 207.
Matus 'prunifolia, Spach, Suites d Buffon, vol. ii. p. 151, t. 9 et 10.
M. hybrida, Desf. Arb., vol. ii. p- 141; Lois. in Duham., Ed. Nov., p. 140,
vol. vi. t. 42,7.4;
Crarmausa cerasi folio, Mill. Gard. Dict., p. 180, t. 269.
It is singular that no good figure should exist of so beau-
tiful and well known a tree as this, and one introduced before
1758, which can only be accounted for by its being usually
confounded with the P. baccata (Tab. nost. 6112), which was
not introduced till 1784, and from which its connate styles and
totally different fruit, crowned by the persistent calyx, at
once distinguish it. I have seen no native specimens, and
though stated by the earlier authors, including De Candolle,
to be a native of Siberia, Ledebour does not seem to have
known it, for he quotes De Candolle and Willdenow’s de-
scription, giving Siberia with a query as its habitat; and,
though described by Miller in 1760, is a native of Dahuria,
whence it was introduced into the St. Petersburgh Gardens, it
is not included in Turczaninov’s Flora Baical-Dahurica.
Regel, however, gives Dahuria and the Baikal as its native
countries ; and Karl Koch says North China, Tartary, and
Southern Siberia. De Candolle, Ledebour, and Lowdon all
describe the calyx as glabrous, but it is decidedly woolly,
APRIL Ist, 1875.
even after the petals have fallen; these latter are white and
vary much in breadth. Regel enumerates four varieties of
the fruit, distinguished by form (ovoid or globose), colour
(greenish and red), the top being depressed or not, and the
surface obtusely ribbed or smooth. Loudon quotes Knight
for the statement that some of the finest cultivated apples
raised by the latter were due to fertilization by the pollen of
this, and that their progeny proved more hardy and their
fruit matured earlier, and was higher flavoured. Loudon
further regards the P. daccata as doubtless a subvariety of
this, differing only in not having a persistent calyx; but the
whole character of its fruit is so different, and that of the
connate style of this so constant, that however like in foliage
and flower, I cannot think them the same.
Spach divides the species into two, one, Malus Fontaine-
siana with triangular-lanceolate calyx segments; the other,
M. prunifolia, with oblong-lanceolate calyx segments, and
which flowers a fortnight earlier.
Pyrus prunifolia has been an inhabitant of Kew for
upwards of a century, and flowers in April and May, fruiting
in October.
Duscr. A small tree ; young shoots, petioles, leaves beneath
and inflorescence cottony. Leaves two to three inches long,
ovate or obovate, or nearly orbicular, subacute, rarely acu-
minate, margin with small, close-set, rather unequal serra-
tures; petiole often as long as the blade. Unmlbels sessile,
6—10-flowered ; peduncles, one to one and a half inches long.
Flowers white, one and a half inches in diameter. Calyx-tube
obconical, lobes lanceolate, villous. Petals orbicular or
oblong. Styles connate below the middle. Berry about an
inch in diameter, globose or ovoid, base intruded, smooth or
obscurely channelled, crowned by the persistent calyx, green
or amber yellow and bright red in varying proportions.—
#7. DD. i, eee
Fig. 1, Flower with petals reversed :—magnified.
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Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imp.
Tas. 6159.
MASDEVALLIA Pzristeria.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. OrcHIpEm.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLIDES,
Genus Maspevatiia, Ruiz. g Pav. ;—(Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid., p. 192).
Maspevatiia Peristeria; caulibus fasciculatis, foliis 4—6-pollicaribus
lineari-oblongis obtusis basi angustatis sed vix petiolatis carinatis,
seapis strictis vaginato-bracteatis robustis, floribus adscendentibus,
sepalis basi in tubum latum subcylindricum basi gibbum alte 6-costatum
connatis dein a basi lata triangulari-ovata in caudas flavas rectas sesqui-
pollicares abrupte angustatis fulvis creberrime sanguineo maculatis
intus glaberrimis, marginibus lente recurvis, petalis parvis oblique
lineari-oblongis truncato-emarginatus, labello unguiculato, lamina
ee medio subdilatata subacuta papillosa apice recurva, columna
subacuta.
MAspEVALLIA Peristeria, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 500.
A much less striking plant than JZ Chimera,* figured in
last month’s number (Tab. 6152), and yet sufficiently re-
markable if judged by the standard of its congeners.
Reichenbach says that it comes very near Lindley’s J.
coriacea, and his own M. civilis (Tab. nost. 5476), from which
latter it differs in the much larger broader leaves, longer
scapes, and tails to the perianth, but agrees well in the form
of the petals and lip, and in the markings of the perianth.—
The lip is, as Reichenbach remarks, very singularly coloured,
being covered with innumerable close-set amethystine papille
on a white ground. The name is given in allusion to the
likeness of the top of the column and petals to those of the
Dove-plant (Peristeria elata, Tab. nost. 3116), where the
anther case represents a dove’s head, and the outstretched tips
of the petals its wings, as in the Church’s symbol of the
Holy Spirit, whence the name of El Spirito Santo was
given to the Peristeria by its discoverers the Spaniards.
__* Prof. Reichenbach kindly informs me that the ¥/. Chimera of the Revue
Horticole is not the true plant, but M. Nicterinia, Reichb. f.
APRIL Ist, 1875,
Masdevallia Peristeria is a native of New Grenada, whence
it was imported by Messrs. Veitch, to whom I am indebted
for the plant here figured, which flowered in April.
Descr. Stems tufted. Leaves erect, four to six inches
long, by one to one and a quarter inches broad, linear-
oblong, or oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse, deep green, keeled at
the back, very coriaceous, hardly contracted into a petiole
above the sheaths. Scapes two to three inches long, stout,
strict, erect, clothed with rather ventricose bracts. Ovary
one-third of an inch long. Perianth four to five inches from
tip to tip of the sepals, which are connate into a tube two-
thirds of an inch long, and as much in diameter, nearly
cylindric, but gibbous at the base, with six stout ribs, dirty
yellowish white externally ; free portion of the sepals spread-
ing, broadly triangular ovate, glabrous, suddenly contracted
into stout, subulate yellow tails one and a half inches long,
honey-yellow, spotted closely with red, margins slightly re-
curved. Petals white, linear-oblong, clawed, oblique at the
base, tip truncate and notched, Lip with a linear claw and
oblong subacute limb, which is dilated in the middle and
suddenly contracted beyond it, upper surface studded with
amethystine papillx, tip recurved. Column white apiculate.
Di.
_—
Fig. 1, Side view of ovary, lip, petals and column; 2, front view of the
satue; 3, limb of lip seen in front; 4, pollen :—all magnified.
Tip
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Tap, 6160.
FOURCROYA vUNnDULATA.
Native of Mezxico.
Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—Tribe AGAVE.
Genus Fourcroya, Vent. ;—(Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 181).
Fourcroya undulata; caule brevissimo, foliis paucis sesquipedalibus dia-
metro bipollicaribus ensiformibus patentibus rigidis longe acuminatis,,
apicibus spinulisque marginalibus subremotis castanels supra basim
dilatatam contractis, superne plano-concavis, subtus scabris obscure
carinatis, marginibus subundulatis, utrinque opacis olivaceo-viridibus
non glaucis, spinulis e basi deltoidea incurvis, scapo gracili stricto una
cum panicula 10-pedali, bracteis paucis subulatis, panicula elongata
stricta pubescente, ramis brevibus strictis erecto-patentibus, floribus
2-nis pendulis viridibus, bracteolis minutis, pedicellis brevibus, ovarlo
pubescente elongato-subcylindraceo, perianthii foliolis anguste oblongis
obtusis, stylo brevi subulato.
Fourcroya undulata, Jacobi Nachirtige Versuch. Systemat. Ordnung Agavee,
p: 59.
Though in many respects so similar to F. Selloa, figured in
last month’s number of this work, this is a remarkably diffe-
rent species, much smaller in all its parts, apparently never
forming a stem, and with the leaves broader for their length,
and more or less undulated at the margin; its spines also are
more hooked. It is a native of the provinces of Chiapas and
Tabasco in Mexico, where it was found by the traveller
Giesbrecht, who sent it to Verschaffelt’s splendid establish-
ment in Ghent (now incorporated with the no less celebrated
Brussels’ one of Linden). The Kew specimen, which is here
figured, flowered in the Royal Gardens in November, 1874,
rather later than the other species, than which it may want
a warmer climate, as that of Chiapas and Tabasco is described
as hot, damp, and its hills as clothed with a tropical forest.
It was received from the rich collection of W. W. Sanders,
Esq., F.R.S. i
Descr. Stem none, or very short indeed. Leaves forming
a flat crown three feet in diameter, not very numerous,
strict, spreading, one and a half feet long by two inches in
diameter at the broadest part, and one-eighth of an inch
APRIL Ist, 1875.
thick, ensiform, long acuminate, terminated by a pungent
chestnut-brown spine, obscurely keeled at the back, which is
scabrid; margin subundulate with incurved chestnut-coloured
stout spines, olive-green on both surfaces, but not glaucous.
Scape with the panicle ten feet high, green, with few
subulate bracts. Panicle elongate, slender, narrow, erect,
pubescent ; branches a foot long, more erect than spreading,
simple, strict. FYowers all drooping, usually in pairs ; pedicels
very short, and bracts minute. Ovary cylindric, pubescent,
nearly an inch long, green. Perianth two to two and a half
inches in diameter, pale green; segments narrow-oblong,
obtuse, obtusely keeled down the centre. Filaments subu-
late, with broadly deltoid bases; anthers short, yellow.
Style subulate.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Entire plant, reduced ; 2, leaf; 3, branch of panicle and flowers :—
both of the natural size.
W Fitch delet lath
Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp
Tas. 6161.
CYRTOPERA SANGUINEA.
Native of the Sikkim Himalaya.
e
Nat. Ord. Orcuiprm.—Tribe VANDER.
Genus Crrrorera, (Lindl. Gen. § Sp. Orchid., p. 189).
Cy RTOPERA sanguinea ; tubere crasso oblongo annulato, scapo infra medium
vaginato superne bracteato bracteis elongato-subulatis floralibus ovario
brevioribus v. longioribus, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, petalis
brevioribus oblongis apice obtuse 3-crenulatis brunneis v. fusco-
sanguineis, labello 8-lobo pallide roseo, lobis lateralibus brevibus
obtusis incurvis, intermedio orbiculato recurvo basi 3-carinato, carinis
in nervos papillosos ramosos desinentibus, calcare brevi conico vires-
cente, anthera apice producta truncata.
CyrTOPERA sanguinea, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. iii. p. 32.
\
The materials at my command for describing this plant are
my own specimens collected in 1848 in Sikkim, a coloured
sketch of a flower made from the same by myself, a
coloured drawing of the whole plant made by Judge Cath-
cart’s artists in Sikkim, and the flowering specimen here
figured. These show that the plant is very variable in colour
and robustness, though but little in other respects. The
colour of the flower as shown in my own sketch is a dull
reddish purple, extending over the short spur, with a rose-
red limb to the lip; colours which induced Dr. Lindley to
name the species sanguinea, a name hardly justified by those
hues. Cathceart’s drawing, made by native artists (and these
are often very faithless to nature), represents the scape as
very stout, brownish purple, with broad sheaths and no sub-
ulate bracts; the bracts, pedicel, ovary, and flower are of a
uniform purple-brown colour, suffused with pink, except the
whole lip, which is rose-coloured. This, which passed under Dr.
Lindley’s eye when he described the species, is also marked
by him C. sanguinea. Mr. Fitch’s drawing speaks for the cul-
tivated plant as flowered at Kew, which agrees well with my
dried specimen in all except the absence of the sheathes at
the base of the scape; differs much from both the drawings
APRIL lst, 1875,
in the singular clayey-brown colour of the flower and its
green spur. I have seen no leaves, and Lindley has described
the plant as aphyllous, a character which I greatly doubt.
It is, of course, possible that several species are here con-
founded, but the uniform shape of the perianth and lip in all
renders this unlikely.
C. sanguinea inhabits the tropical region of Sikkim, and is
found in dense forests, at 3-5000ft. elevation; the Kew
plants flowered from tubers which have been received both
from the late Dr. Anderson, of the Calcutta Botanical
Gardens, and Mr. Gammie, of Darjeeling.
Drscr. Tuber two to three inches long, oblong-cylindric,
annulate, pale. Scape one to one and a half feet high, stout
or slender, with three sheathing bracts below the middle,
which pass into subulate bracts above; the floral longer or
shorter than the ovary. Pedicels and ovary slender, green.
Flower one and a half to two inches in diameter, varying
from pale red-purple to brown, with the lip pale and rosy.
Sepals ovate or ovate-lanceolate, very acuminate. Petals
shorter, more elliptic, obtuse, with three small teeth at the
tip. Zip shorter than the petals, produced bebind into a short,
broad, obtuse projecting spur; limb 3-lobed; lateral lobes
incurved, obtuse, with a purple spot within at the base of
each ; mid-lobe expanded, recurved, rounded, very obtuse ;
disk with three close-set keels, which give off radiating raised
papillose branched nerves that almost reach the margin.
Column produced at the top into a truncate or minutely-
notched tip.—/. D. .
Fig. 1, Petal; 2, ovary, column and lip; 3, lip; 4, column; 5, pollen :—
all magnified.
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W Fitch del et Lath
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Tas. 6162.
CROCUS cnrysaNnTHUs.
Native of Asia Minor.
Nat. Ord. IrntpeEm.—Tribe IxtEaz.
Genus Crocus, Tourn. ; (Baker in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 291).
Crocus chrysanthus; cormo globoso tunicis Jevibus castaneis nitidis in
segmenta ovata concava apice fissa solutis basi truncatis non v. obscure
fibrosis, spatha basali nulla, foliis 83-5 flores vix superantibus angustis
zs poll. latis, spatha propria 1-2-phylla, floribus 2 aureis, perianthii
tubo aureo limbo bis terve longiore non fasciato, segmentis aureis
anguste. elliptico-oblongis obtusis, antheris elongatis vitellinis exsertis
filamenta puberula exccdentibus, stigmatibus vitellinis integris apice
truncatis erosis.
©. chrysanthus, Herbert in Journ. Hort. Soc. vol. ii. p. 285 (non Bot. Reg.,
1847, t. 4, fig. 1); Baker in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 291.
C. annulatus, var. chrysanthus, Herbert in Bot. Mag., sub t. 3861 et 3862; et
in Bot. Reg., 1843, Mise., p. 27. —
C. croceus, K. Koch in Linneea, vol, xix. p. 7.
C. sulphureus, Griseb. Fl. Rum. et Bith., vol. ii. p. 873 (non Ker).
C. mesiacus, J. Gay in Plant. Exsice, Balans. Orient., n. 33 (non Gawler).
This lovely little species was first described by Herbert, in
1841, in this Magazine, as a variety of C. annulatus, with the
caution, however, that it might prove a distinct species.
Such it has since been justly regarded by Mr. Baker, from
whose valuable enumeration of the Croci, published in the
Gardeners’ Chronicle, I have taken the synonymy quoted
above. It is here figured, for the first time, from specimens
sent me by my friend Mr. Elwes, F.L.S., who gathered it in
Asia Minor, probably (he tells me) near Smyrna, in March,
1874. Here it was originally discovered by Friwaldsky , and
collected later by Balansa, who observes that it is abundant
on hills about 3000 feet high, flowering in March. It has
also been found in Macedonia and Thrace by Grisebach.
Besides its colour, C. chrysanthus has its sweet odour to
recommend it; and it appears to be a very free bloomer.
The abrupt bases of the coats of the corm, which are smooth
MAY Ist, 1875.
and shining, and break off into ovate acute concave frag-
ments, are very peculiar.
Drscr. Corm one-half to three-quarters of an inch in
diameter, globose, with a broad fibrous base; coats smooth,
shining, not at all fibrous, truncate at the base, breaking u
into ovate concave segments that are split at the top into
acute bristly teeth. Buds solitary, 1-2-flowered. Basal
spathe none. Leaves three to five, about as tall as the flower,
very narrow, about one-sixteenth of an inch broad, margins
smooth recurved, costa white. Sheaths pale; floral one or
two. Flowers one and three-quarters to two inches in
diameter, bright golden yellow, odorous; tube two to three
times as long as the limb, yellow, not striped ; segments
narrowly elliptic-oblong, obtuse. _Anthers exserted, slender,
longer than the somewhat pubescent filaments, bright orange-
yellow. Stigmas of the same colour, quite entire, truncate,
obscurely erose.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Portion of coat of corm; 2, stigmas :—Both magnified,
Ey
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Tas. 6163.
ODONTOGLOSSUM W ARSCEWIOCZIL.
Native of Costa Rica.
Nat. Ord. OrcnipeEx.—Tribe VANDE.
Genus Opontoaiossum, H. B. et K.; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid., Odontoglossum).
OpontocLossum (Phalenopsoidea) Warscewiczii; pseudobulbis parvis an-
guste oblongis compressis, foliis pedalibus anguste elliptico-lanceolatis
acuminatis, scapo gracili, 6—8-flore, floribus amplis albis, perianthii
plani segmentis basi roseis, sepalis ovatis acutis, petalis paulo majoribus
elliptico-oblongis obtusis v. subacutis, labello amplo late panduriformi
apice bilobo basi in unguem brevissimum constricto, ungue simplici
concavo marginibus elevatis puberulis disco basi carinis 3 brevibus
obtusis puberulis, columna brevi exalata.
O. Warscewiczii, Reichb. f. in Mohl et Schlecht., Bot. Zeit., 1852, p. 692;
Xen. Orchid., vol. i. t. 208, t. 81; in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1875,
p- 270; Lindl. Fol. Orchid. Odontogl., n. 21*.
No one can compare this lovely plant with its gorgeous
congeners, O. vevillarium (Tab. nost. 6037) and O. Phalaenopsis,
without recognising with Professor Reichenbach their close
affinity in foliage and habit, whilst in floral structure they
differ materially, especially in the lip, which in O. vexillarium
has the claw produced backwards into an acute horn on
either side, whereas in this it is quite simple. The ridges of
the claw and disk of the lip farther differ remarkably, as a
comparison of the plates will show. 0. Warscewiceit was dis-
covered by Joseph von Warscewicz, the Polish nobleman who
has added so many fine plants to our stoves, in Costa Rica ;
it was first flowered by Messrs. Veitch, in February of this
year, and by them sent for figuring in this Magazine. It is
a very free’ bloomer, and may, as Dr. Reichenbach suggests,
rival O. vewillarium itself in the estimation of florists. Its
discoverer describes it as growing at a considerable elevation,
and being very scarce.
Descr. Pseudobulbs tufted, small, one and a half to two
inches long, oblong-ovate, compressed, margins acute. Leaves
distichous, nearly a foot long, elliptic-lanceolate, acute, bright-
green above, paler beneath and keeled. Scape about as long
MAY Ist, 1875.
as the leaves, slender, inclined or drooping, 6—8-flowered.
Pedicels and ovary together one and a half inches long,
slender, pale; bracts small, acute, appressed. Perianth two
to two and a half inches in diameter, flat, white, with a rose-
coloured blotch at the base of each segment, and two at the
base of the lip. Sepals broadly ovate, acute. Petals about
as large, elliptical, rounded or apiculate at the tip. Lip very
broadly fiddle-shaped, with rather sharply angled sides, the
broad apex 2-lobed, with a mucro in the notch; lobes some-
what reflected, obtusely quadrate; claw very short, small,
concave, with a raised pubescent golden-yellow annulus or
border, from which three contiguous obtuse short yellow
keels project upon the disk. Column very short.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Front, and 2, side view of lip and column :—both magnified.
ks Day & Son!
"
Vincent Bro
Tas. 6164.
HEMICH AANA FrRurTICcosA. |
Native of Guatemala and Costa Rica.
Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINEH.—Tribe GRATIOLED.
Genus Hemicuana, Benth. ; (in Plant. Hartweg., p. 78).
Hemicu ana fruticosa ; ramulis herbaceis, subteretibus, foliis 3-5-pollicaribus
oblongo-lanceolatis sub-duplicato-dentatis acuminatis basi amplexicauli-
connatis pubescentibus, cymis axillaribus 3—5-floris foliis brevioribus,
bracteis oblongis acutis, calycis lobis subequalibus tubo brevioribus
lanceolato-subulatis, corolla aurea facie Mimuli, lobis obovato-rotundatis
tubo intus puberulo brevioribus.
H. fruticosa, Benth. Plant. Hartw., p- 78; Walp. Rep., vol. iii. p. 452.
Leucocarrus fruticosus, Benth., 1. c. 350, et in DC. Prod., vol. x. p. 336.
A very handsome rock plant, but not likely to be hardy ;
found originally by Hartweg in Guatemala, and described by
Bentham in 1839 as a new genus, which however he im-
mediately after, but on insufficient grounds, merged into
Leucocarpus.
Nothing further was known of Hemichena till it was sent
from Costa Rica by Endress, plants from whom flowered at
Messrs. Veitchs’ establishment, July, 1873. _Osbert Salvin,
F.R.S., an able ornithologist and assiduous collector of plants,
next found it growing on the Volcan de Alitan in Guate-
mala, at an elevation of 10,000 feet above the sea. Mr. Salvin
sent seeds of it to England, which germinated and flowered
at Kew, but the specimen here figured was from Mr. Veitch.
Hemichena differs from Leucocarpus (one species of which,
L. alatus, is figured in this work, Tab. 3067, as Mimulus
perfoliatus), in the capsular fruits and anthers with parallel
cells, as well as in the more deeply cleft calyx; in habit and
foliage, the genera are remarkably alike. From Mimulus, with
which Zeucocarpus was formerly confounded, both it and
Hemichena differ in their inflorescence.
Dzscr. A glandular pubescent shrub, three to five feet
high ; branches terete, herbaceous, green. Leaves opposite,
four to eight inches long, two to two anda half broad, oblong-
MaY Ist, 1875.
lanceolate,acuminate, irregularly or doubly toothed, contracted
somewhat above the amplexicaul base, which unites with that
of the opposite leaf, dark-green, pubescent on both surfaces,
nerves very oblique. Cymes usually 3-flowered, much shorter
than the leaves ; peduncle three-quarters to one inch long;
pedicels very short; bracts oblong, herbaceous, caducous.
Calyz half-inch long, tubular, somewhat oblique, 5-angled ;
mouth 5-lobed; lobes straight, subulate-lanceolate, green.
Corolla golden-yellow ; tube twice as long as the calyx, broad,
smooth, terete, gradually expanded into the obscurely
2-lipped spreading limb, which is one to one and a half inches
broad ; lobes nearly equal, rounded; tube puberulous within,
speckled with red at the throat. Stamens inserted towards
the base of the tube, filaments nearly straight, two rather
longer than the rest; anthers shortly oblong, cells parallel.
Ovary ovoid; style slender, stigmatic lobes flat elliptic.
Capsule rather longer than the calyx, oblong; valves flat,
grooved down the middle of the back, glabrous; placentas
thick. Seeds very minute.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Corolla laid open; 2, calyx and style; 3, ovary; 4, tranverse
section of ditto :—all magnified. y yle; 3, ovary; 4,
6165
Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp
Tas. 6165.
DICHORISANDRA SAUNDERSII.
Native of Brazil.
Nat. Ord. ComMMELYNE A.
Genus Dicuorisanpra, Mikan; (Mart. et Seubert, Flor. Bras., fasc. iv.p. 235).
Dicnortsanpra Saundersii ; caule gracili terete piloso, foliis subdistichis
elongato-lanceolatis longe acuminatis ciliatis basi in vaginam brevem
ciliatam vix tumidam abrupte attenuatis, inflorescentia terminali, flori-
bus in racemum densum subcapitatum confertis brevissime pedicellatis,
2 poll. diametro, pedicellis sepalisque oblongis obtusis glabris, petalis
obovatis apice rotundatis sepalis ter majoribus violaceis, staminibus 6
subequalibus, filamentis crassis antheris linearibus brevioribus, ovario
glabro.
I have searched in vain amongst the published species of
Dichorisandra for this pretty species. About thirty species of
the genus are known, most of them, like D. Saundersi, are
Brazilian, and amongst them D. gracilis, Nees et Mart.
approaches nearest to this in character, but differs in its small
flowers and pubescent inflorescence, as well as in having three
stamens with long anthers and short filaments, and the other
three with short anthers and long filaments. The other
species of the genus figured in this work are D. oxypetala,
Hook. (Tab. 2721), D. leucophthalmos, Hook. (Tab. 4733)
which has radical inflorescence, and D. picta, Lodd. (Tab.
4760), all very different from this. : ;
Dichorisandra Saundersii was introduced from Brazil by
W. Wilson Saunders, Esq., F.R.S., and given by him to Kew,
where it flowered in July, 1873; it forms a pretty stove
plant about three feet high. ;
Descr. Stem two to three feet high, slender, very sparingly
branched ; branches slender, cylindrical, terete, pilose, as are
the sheaths, with slender ascending hairs. Leaves five to six
inches long, numerous, sub-bifarious, lanceolate, long-acumi-
nate, recurved for the most part, 5-nerved, dark green,
suddenly contracted at the base into the sheath, margins
recurved in the lower part, pale beneath ; sheaths a quarter to
one-third of an inch long, hardly tumid, green, mouth rounded.
MAY Ist, 1875.
Inflorescence terminal, nearly glabrous; peduncle very short,
stout. Flowers three-quarters of an inch diameter, crowded
in a dense ovoid almost capitate panicle two inches long;
pedicels very short, glabrous. Sepals oblong, obtuse, concave,
glabrous, white, tipped with violet. Peta/s more than twice
as large as the sepals, obovate, concave, rounded at the tip,
violet except at the base, which is white. Stamens 6, sub-
equal ; filaments very short, stout, obovoid; anther longer
than the filament, rather slender. Ovary subglobose ; style
straight, or nearly so, stigma obtuse—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, petal and stamen; 3, apex of pedicel and stamens; 4,
pistil :—all magnified.
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ral
Vincent Brooks
Tas. 6166.
GALANTHUS Etwest.
Native of Asia Minor.
Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—Tribe AMARYLLE.
Genus Gaanruus, Linn. ; (Endl. Gen, Plant., p. 174).
Gaantuus Elwesii ; vagine ore lateraliter fisso, foliis binis 6~8-pollicaribus
2 poll. latis planis basi carinatis semitortis valde glaucis, spatha 1}
pollicari, floribus amplis 1-14 poll. diam., segmentis exterioribus late
obovatis concavis albis, interioribus cuneato-oblongis medio constrictis
apice 2-lobis, lobis obtusis divergentibus intus plicato-carinatis viridi-
bus fascia media alba.
This fine Snowdrop is very distinct from any previously
described, though whether all these, namely, G. zzvalis, L., of
N. Europe, G@. plicatus, M.B. (Tab. nost. 2162, a poor plate
of a small specimen), of the Caucasian regions, and G. Jm-
perati, Bert., of Italy (G. plicatus, Tenore not of M. Bieb.),
should not, together with this, be regarded as geographical
forms of one may be a matter of opinion. G. Elwesii is
nearest to plicatus, but differs in its basal sheath being more
or less deeply notched or even divided on one side ; in the
leaves not being folded within the sheath, but twisted ; in
the larger flower and fruit ; and in the form and colour of the
inner perianth-segments, which in G. plicatus are not as in
this constricted in the middle, and are merely notched, not.
2-lobed at the tip, and are white with two confluent green
spots confined to the top. Lastly, the anther-cells are
shorter and broader in G, Hlwesii than in the Kew speci-
men of G. plicatus.
Galanthus Elwesii is a native of the summits of Yamanlar-
-dagh mountains, north of the Gulf of Smyrna, where it was.
discovered by M. Balansa in 1854, and whence dried speci-
mens were distributed under the name of G. plicatus, being
so named by M. J. Gay of Paris. I am indebted to Mr.
Elwes, of Miserdine House, Cirencester, a gentleman who
to an ardent love of scientific horticulture unites the powers
of a traveller, collector, and observing naturalist, for pointing
MAY Ist, 1875.
out its distinctive character from G. plicatus, and which Mr.
Baker has confirmed. Mr. Elwes collected the specimens
here figured on the mountains near Smyrna in 1874 and
cultivated them in his garden at Miserdine, which bids fair
soon to contain perhaps the largest and best private collection
of well-named bulbous plants in the kingdom ; it flowered in
February and is quite hardy. .
Descr. Bulb globose, three-quarters of an inch in diameter ;
tunics thick, fleshy. Sheath membranous, mouth oblique
and cieft on one side. eaves two, six or eight inches long
by three-quarters of an inch broad, obtuse, flat except towards
the base, where they are keeled, “not-plaited, but always
twisted” (Hlwes), very glaucous, sheathing the base of
the flowering scape. Scape six inches high, oblong on a
transverse section. Spathe one to two inches long, con-
volute, border membranous. Ovary obovoid, one-half inch
long. Perianth one and a half inches in diameter, or more
when spread out, outer segments white, broadly obovate
obtuse concave; inner oblong-cuneate, constricted somewhat
above the middle, 2-lobed at the tip, the lobes obliquely
truncate and spreading ; green, with a white wrinkled border
and a broad white horizontal band above the middle; outer
surface smooth, inner deeply ribbed. SF i/aments very short ;
anther-cells short, broad, with long prolongations and subu-
late recurved tips.—J. D. H.
_ Fig. 1, Tip of ovary, style, and stamen; 2, back, and 3, front views of
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6167
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KNIPHOFIA Macowan1.
Native of South Africa,
Nat. Ord. LiviAces.—Tribe ALOINE.
Genus Knirnorta, Mench. ; (Baker in Journ. Linn, Soc., vol. xi. p. 360).
Knienoria . Macowani ; foliis 1—11-pedalibus rigidissimis anguste elon-
4
gato-subulatis carinatis basi } poll. latis sulcatis, marginibus crenato-
denticulatis, scapo foliis equilongo, racemo 3—4-pollicari, bracteis
ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, floribus deflexis brevissime pedicellatis,
perianthio pollicari subcylindraceo basi hemispherico supra ovarium
non constricto e flavo aurantiaco-coccineo, segmentis rotundatis patenti-
bus, genitalibus inclusis.
K. Macowani, Baker in Trim. Jour. Bot., 1874, p. 8.
We have several dried specimens of this pretty little
Kniphofia, collected by its discoverer, whose name it bears,
in grassy places of the Boschberg mountains in Somerset
district, where it inhabits elevations of 4000 to 5000 feet.
It was described from these by Mr. Baker, and flowered
shortly afterwards in the Royal Gardens from roots sent by
Professor Macowan. It is remarkably distinct from any of
the fourteen species described by Mr. Baker in the eleventh
volume of the “Linnzan Journal,” and which are alluded to
under K. Rooperi (Tab. nost. 6116), and forms one of six ad-
ditional species subsequently described by Mr. Baker in Dr.
Trimen’s “ Journal of Botany,” quoted above.
It is best treated as a greenhouse plant, though probably
as hardy as the other species of the genus.
Descr. Root of stout fibres. Sfem as thick as the thumb
at the base, clothed with the rigid fibrous nerves of the old
leaves. eaves one to one and a half feet long, suberect,
one-third of an inch broad at the base, narrow subulate,
strongly keeled, triangular at the back, deeply grooved,
margins strongly toothed, tips flattish. Scape as long as the
leaves or longer, slender, cylindric, with one subulate bract
or none. aceme three to five inches long, cylindric-ovoid.
Bracts one-quarter of an inch long, ovate-lanceolate, acumi-
JUNE Ist, 1875,
nate, white, membranous. F/owers very shortly pedicelled,
deflexed, yellowish passing into bright orange-red; tube
nearly cylindric, rounded at the base, not contracted above
the ovary, slightly narrowed from the lower third to the
throat; segments one-twelfth of an inch long, rounded,
spreading. Stamens included.—J/. D. H.
Fig 1, Flower, magnified.
6168
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Tas. 6168.
CROCUS €rewer.
Native of the Greek Archipelago.
Nat. Ord. Irnipem.—Tribe Ix1ez.
Genus Crocus, Tourn. ; (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 674).
Crocus Crewei ; cormo ovoideo-globoso, tunicis basi truncatis levigatis, ex-
terioribus brevioribus in vaginam fissam basim foliorum cirgentem
productis, rete e fibris tenuissimis dense intertextis, foliis binis ver-
nalibus flores vix superantibus zy poll. latis canaliculatis, costa alba,
spatha 2-phylla 1-flore, interiore anguste lineari, exteriore tubum
perianthii vaginante, perianthii tubo 2-pollicari albo lineis 6 purpureis
striato, limbo albo pollicari, segmentis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis ex-
terioribus lineis 3 purpureis notato, interioribus estriatis, fauce luteo
glabro, antheris purpureis filamentis luteis equilongis stigmatibus
_linearibus integerrimis.
Allied to C. diforus (Tab. nost. 845), but very distinct in
many characters, and with the corm of C./evigatus, Bory, whilst
differing from these and all other known species in the purple
anthers. It is remarkable that so distinct an undescribed
plant should inhabit Syra, the best known of all the Greek
islands, and one which has long been the coaling station for
the Mediterranean steamers, whence the traffic diverges in
one direction to Smyrna, and in the other to Constantinople
and the Black Sea. This fact shows how much remains still
to be done towards the investigation of the bulbous plants of
the Levant, and especially in respect of such genera as
Crocus, whose flowers are very fugacious.
Crocus Crewei is a discovery of the gentleman, H. G.
Elwes, Esq., F.L.S., to whom’ horticulture is indebted for
the introduction of many new Oriental bulbs, including
the Galanthus figured in the last number of this Magazine
(Tab. 6166). Mr. Elwes collected seeds and corms of it on
hills about 1000 feet high, growing with C. Boryi, and
flowering very early, and transmitted corms to the Rev. H.
Harper Crewe, who flowered them at the Rectory, Drayton
Beauchamp, in March of the present year. At Mr. Elwes's
JUNE Ist, 1875. ~
desire I have named it after our common friend, Mr. Crewe,
whose collection of Croci is the richest in Europe.
Duscr. Corm the size of a hazel-nut, ovoid-globose ; tunics
very smooth, truncate and split at the base, the outer suc-
cessively shorter, so that they seem to imbricate downwards ;
the outermost constricted at the top into a short toothed
sheath; texture very close, with no appearance of reticula-
tions. Leaves two only, two to three inches long, slender,
equalling or slightly exceeding the flower; midrib broad and
prominent ; upper surface with a distinct white line. Proper
spathes two, outer enfolding the leaves ; inner narrow, linear.
Flower solitary. Perianth-tube one to two inches long, very
slender, white, with six purple stripes; limb one and a half
inches broad, white ; segments oblong-lanceolate, acute, the
outer with three fimbriate purple stripes on the back, the
inner not streaked ; throat bright-yellow, glabrous. Filaments
short, yellow, equalling the slender purple anthers, which are
a quarter of an inch long, and reach half-way up the limb.
Stigmas slender, orange-yellow, undivided.—./. D. H.
Fig. 1, Section of tunics of corm; 2, ditto of leaf seen from the back; 3,
styles :—all magnified.
6169
Vincent: Brooks Day &Son inp
TAB. 6169. :
DRACANA Smrran. »* @
Native of Tropical Africa.
Nat. Ord. Linraca.—Suborder AsparaGE®.
Genus Dracana, Vand. ; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xiv. p. 52).
Dracana Smithii ; caule elato simplici gracili, foliis confertis patenti-recur-
vis 3-4 pedalibus supra medium 24-3} poll. latis inferne angustatis
apice acuminatis striato-nervosis lete viridibus tenuiter coriaceis, costa
superne evanida subtus valida prominula, marginibus integerrimis
tenuiter cartilagineis, inflorescentia paniculatim ramosa suberecta, ramis
patentibus, floribus in axillis panicule et ramulorum apicibus fascicu-
latis flavis, bracteis 2—5-pollicaribus lanceolatis, bracteolis minutis
deltoideo-ovatis acutis, pedicellis brevissimis, perianthio }pollicari,
tubo cylindraceo, segmentis tubum equantibus lineari-oblongis apicibus
incurvis, filamentis crassis perianthii segmentis squantibus, antheris
deltoideis loculis basi divergentibus, stylo gracili longe exserto, stigmate
peltato 3-lobo. j
D. Smithii, Baker MSS.
The precise origin of the handsome Dracena here figured
is unknown; it has been in cultivation for many years, oth
at Kew and Sion House, and it appears to be so closely allied
to D. fragrans that I cannot coubt its being an African
species, and one probably introduced by Whitfield from. the
West Coast, a quarter of a century ago. As it is, all trace ,
of its history is lost in both establishments. A reference to
the plate of D. fragrans, published in this Magazine
(Tab. 1081), will show how near to one another these plants
are, this differing chiefly in its narrower, more straight, and
much less undulated leaves, in the yellower flower, with a
shorter perianth-tube, and in the divaricating base of the
anther-cells.
Mr. Baker, who I follow in keeping it distinct from
D. fragrans, has proposed that the name of the late and
present able Curators of the Royal Gardens (both named
John Smith, and unrelated) should be attached to this plant,
which is the more applicable, inasmuch as the present Curator
had charge of the gardens of his Grace the Duke of Northum-
JUNE Ist, 1875,
berland at Sion House, where as well as at Kew, D. Smithii
has been long in cultivation; it flowers in winter or early
spring in both establishments. ;
Descr. Sfem fifteen feet high, slender, hitherto quite
unbranched, cylindric, almost smooth. eaves three to four
feet. long, forming a spreading rosette on the very crown of
the stem, slightly recurved, not waved, narrowly ensiform,
broadest beyond the middle, acuminate, narrowed towards
the base before dilating at the insertion, broadest part two
and a half to three and a half inches in diameter, narrowest
about one inch, bright green, striated; midrib indistinct
above, very strong and prominent beneath; lateral nerves
reduced to innumerable striations; margin thinly cartilagi-
nous. Inflorescence of several subsessile suberect branched
panicles two feet long, glabrous; rachis and branches stout,
terete, green; bracts two to five inches long; bracteoles—
small, crowded, ovate, acute. Flowers in crowded fascicles in
the axils of the panicle, and terminating short branchlets,
subsessile. Perianth pale yellow, half-inch long; tube
cylindric, base conical ; segments as long as the tube, linear-
oblong, with acute incurved tips. Filaments as long as the
perianth-segments, rather stout; anthers broadly ovate, cells
diverging at the base. Style slender, equalling the stamens ;
stigma peltate, 3-lobed.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Reduced figure of whole plant; 2, portion of panicle, and 3 of
leaf :—both of the natural size ; 4, flower :—magnified, :
Day & Son, imp
Vincent Brooks
=|
Pe
w
Witch,
Tas, 6170.
BALBISIA VERTICILLATA.
Native of Chili and Peru.
Nat, Ord, GERANIACE®.—Tribe WENDTIEA.
Genus Bausista, Cav. ; (Benth. §& Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. i. p. 276),
Batista verticillata ; frutex glaucus, ramis gracilibus strictis, foliis op-
positis alterhisque tripartitis, segmentis lineari-oblongis obtusis acutisve
integerrimis sericeo-pilosis marginibus revolutis, floribus terminalibus
solitariis pedunculatis amplis aureis.
B, verticillata, Cav. in Ann. Cienc. Nat., vol. vii. p. 62, t. 46; Don in Ed.
New Phil. Journ., 1838, p. 277 ; Klotzsch in Linnea, vol. x. p. 481.
B, peduncularis, Don in Ed. New Phil. Journ., 1833, p. 277.
Lepocarron chilense, Desf. in Mem. Mus., vol. iv. p. 250; DC. Prod., vol. i.
p. 702; C. Gay, Flor. Hist. Fis. et Polit. Chile Bot., vol. i. p. 394.
L. argentum, Presi. Symb., vol. i. 66, t. 44; C. Gay, Le. p. 394.
L. pedunculare, Lindl. Bot. Reg., t. 139; C. Gay, l.c. p. 393.
L, Meyenianum, Walp. Rep., vol. v. p. 380.
L. cistiflorum, Meyen Reise, vol. i. p. 470; Nov. Act. Nat. Cur., vol. xix,
Suppl. i. p. 316.
— cistiflora, Hook. Bot. Misc., vol. ii. p. 211, t. 90; Klotzsch,
sO. De :
This beautiful half-hardy shrub was introduced into the
Horticultural Gardens in 1825; but like so many other
plants requiring occasional protection to insure its con-
tinuance in the open air, it soon was lost from out of doors,
and coming from a dry cool climate, it damped off when
transferred to a pit; such plants indeed can be secured only
through a constant repetition by cuttings, and by more care
than is usually bestowed on plants with unfamiliar names.
When properly grown it is an exceedingly handsome thing,
flowering in August and September, and resembles a gigantic
Hypericum more than an (Enothera, with which latter it has
more usually been compared. The Chilian name is Flor de
San José, and it has a wide range, both in Chili and Peru,
growing on dry hills and ascending to 10,000 feet.
Balbisia verticillata has been introduced for the second
JUNE Ist, 1875.
time by Messrs. Veitch, who sent the specimen here figured
in September last. .
Duscr. An erect shrub, three to six feet high; branches
. alternate, and as well as the twigs and leaves, clothed with
dense more or less silky hairs. eaves alternate and oppo-
site, sessile, one-quarter to one inch long, divided to the
base into narrowly lnear-oblong obtuse or acute slightly
curved segments, margins quite entire and recurved; midrib
very strong. lowers two to three inches in diameter, on
slender terminal peduncles one to three inches long. Bracts
of about ten linear leaf-like segments, placed close under the
calyx. Sepals five, half an inch long, ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate. Petals five, broadly ovate-cuneate, tip rounded or
retuse, golden yellow, contorted in estivation. Stamens ten,
much shorter than the petals; filaments slender, yellow;
anthers about as long, linear, orange-yellow. Ovary ovoid,
silky, 5-celled ; stigmas five, sessile, linear, red-purple, spread-
ing. Ovules many, 2-seriate in each cell. Capsule loculicidally
d-valved ; valves cohering by the septa with the axis. Seeds
numerous, angled; albumen thin, fleshy; cotyledons folded.
—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Branch and leaves; 2, fl i ; : a
all magnifi si, ; #, flower with petals removed; 3, ovary:
6771
Tas. 6171.
MASDEVALLIA EstRAD®.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. Orcuipex.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLIDE®.
Genus Maspevatia, Ruiz § Pav. ; (Lindl. Gen. 5 Sp. Orchid., p. 192).
MasprvaiLia Estrad@ ; caulibus fasciculatis, foliis 3-pollicaribus elliptico-
oblongis v. spathulatis obtusis v. apice 2-dentatis in petiolum angus-
tatis coriaceis vix carinatis, scapis gracilibus lente curvis foliis paulo
longioribus supra medium et basin versus bracteatis, floribus adscen-
dentibus, ovario brevi angulato et suleato, sepalis in tubum brevem
latum campanulatum connatis in candas filiformes flavas florem exce-
dentibus abrupte angustatis, supremo scaphiformi oblongo concavo.
basi luteo supra medium purpureo, lateralibus oblongis planiusculis
marginibus recurvis, petalis parvis dimidiato-oblongis apice obtuso.
dentato basi antice in auriculam productis, labello oblongo truncato
callo purpureo recurvo apiculato, columna exalata apice 3-loba.
M, Estrade, Reich. f. in Gard. Chron., 1874, p. 485.
Though neither so rich in colour nor grotesque in form as
the species of Masdevallia lately figured in this work, the
present species promises to be a favourite with cultivators
from its dense habit of growth, abundant flowering, and the
delicate tints of the flowers. It is a native of New Grenada,
and was, according to Dr. Reichenbach’s statement in the
Gardeners’ Chronicle, first observed in the garden of a New
Grenada lady, Dofia Estrada, a skilful grower of Orchids.
It was subsequently found by Mr. Patin, collector for Mr.
Williams, of the Victoria and’ Paradise Nurseries, through
whom it was thus first introduced into this country. —_.
For the specimen here figured I am indebted to H. E.
Cauty, Esq., of Liverpool, who sent in April last a plant
with fifty-five leaves and fourteen flowers. aes
Duscr. Stems densely tufted, forming a cushion-like mass
of leaves. Leaves with the petioles three inches long, elliptic
or cuneate-spathulate, obtuse or bifid at the tip, coriaceous,
gradually narrowed into the petiole, obscurely keeled, deep
green above, pale beneath. Scapes rather longer than the
leaves, erect, slender, slightly curved, with one sheathing
JUNE Ist, 1875.
bract below the flower, and another towards the base. Flowers
inclined, three inches in diameter from the tip of the upper
to those of the lateral sepals. Sepals combined at the base
into a short campanulate tube, then spreading, subequal, all
of them abruptly contracted into siender spreading almost
filiform yellow tails longer than themselves; upper sepal
boat-shaped, very concave or galeate, lower half yellow, upper
half violet-purple ; lateral sepals more flattened, with strongly
recurved margins, violet-purple towards the lower half, the
upper half white or straw-coloured. Petals very small, white,
membranous, dimidiate-oblong, tip truncate and toothed,
base dilated in front into an obtuse auricle. zp linear-
oblong, shortly clawed, nearly white, tip provided with a
terminal recurved purple callus; surface nearly smooth.
Ovary angled and grooved.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower with sepals removed ; 2, column and claw of lip; 3, lip :—
all magnified.
Tas. 6172.
VIBU RNUM SanpDankwa.
Native of Japan.
Nat. Ord. CapriFoLiAce#.—Tribe SAMBUCEZ.
Genus Visurnum, Linn.; (Benth. 5 Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 3).
Visurnum Sandankwa ; ramis teretibus verruculosis, foliis petiolatis ellip-
ticis elliptico-ovatisve obtusis v. subacutis basi rotundatis v. acutis
grosse crenato-serratis v. fere integerrimis coriaceis glaberrimis, petiolo
erasso 1—3-pollicari aspero, nervis paucis validis arcuatis, corymbis
axillaribus v. terminalibus parvis erectis paucifloris breviter peduncu-
latis glabris v. puberulis basi ebracteatis, bracteolis parvis herbaceis
ovato-lanceolatis, ovario subgloboso, calycis dentibus parvis ovato-
rotundatis, corolle albz tubo }-pollicari, limbi lobis suberectis concavis
rotundatis.
V. Sandankwa, Hassk.”Retzia, pug. i. p. 88; Mig. Prol. Fl. Jap., p. 156;
Walp. Ann., vol. v. p. 96.
A hardy evergreen shrub, cultivated in Japan, whence we
have cultivated specimens gathered by Maximoviez at
Nagaski, and native ones from the Loochoo Islands, gathered
by C. Wright during the American North Pacific Exploring
Expedition in 1853-6, and subsequently in the same island
by Dr. Weyrich, communicated from the St. Petersburg
Botanic Gardens. Hasskarl, who describes it from cultivated
specimens, says that it very rarely flowers ; Miquel, in his
Prolusio, gives a description of it, but no habitat ; he how-
ever indicates its affinity with the Himalayan /. cylindricum,
Don, and V. erubescens, Wall., to the former of which it is
most nearly allied in the concave corolla limb, but differs m
the short peduncle of the corymb, which is not glandular,
and in the toothed leaves.
V. Sandankwa has been long cultivated at the Scilly Islands,
where the late proprietor, Aug. Smith, Esq., M.P., formed
at Tresco Abbey a magnificent collection of half-hardy herbs,
shrubs, and trees, principally procured (and this amongst
them) from the Royal Gardens, Kew, and from Messrs. Veitch
of the then Exeter Nurseries. This collection is now
sedulously cared for by his heir, J. Dorrien Smith, Esq.,
JUNE Ist, 1875.
who sent to Kew to be named flowering specimens of V/.
Sandankwa in March last; it is not a little remarkable that
a shrub, native of the Loochoo Islands, which are but little
north of the tropics and within the zone of the typhoons
of the Chinese Seas, should flourish in 52° N. and in the cool
Atlantic Ocean. At Kew it has proved hardy, planted
against a wall in a very sheltered place, but has never
flowered.
Duscr. A shrub four to six feet high, or small tree,
branches terete, bark dark brown, warted. Leaves two to
four and a half inches long, elliptic or oblong-ovate, or sub-
obovate, obtuse or subacute; base rounded or cuneate ; mar-
gin loosely crenate-toothed, especially above the middle, some-
- times quite entire; tips of the teeth glandular ; nerves three
or four on each side the midrib, strong, arched ; upper surface
bright green, under paler with a few obscure glands or none ;
petiole quarter to half an inch long, stout, rough. Cymes
terminal and in the upper axils, short, few-flowered, shortly
peduncled, suberect, pubescent, nearly globose in the cul-
tivated specimens ; bracts at the base none, those at the forks
small, ovate-lanceolate, herbaceous. Flowers very shortly
pedicelled. Calyx-teeth small, rounded, ovate.. Corolla white,
with a faint rose tinge, tube one-third to half an inch long,
cylindric; lobes erecto-patent, rounded, concave. Anthers
oa Preting 2 Stigma on a short stout style, 3-lobed.—
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, calyx, ovary, style and stigma :—magnified.
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CONTENTS OF No. 366, JUNE, 1875,
Tap. 6167.—KNIPHOFIA MACOWANI.
,, 6168.—CROCUS CREWEL
» 6169.—DRACZENA SMITHII.
» 6170—BALBISIA VERTICILLATA.
» 6171.—MASDEVALLIA ESTRADZ.
» 6172.—VIBURNUM SANDANKWA.
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. D \ Pye rt
inceat Brooks Day 8Son Lath
Tas. 6173.
VANDA LIMBATA.
Native of Java.
Nat. Ord. Orcuipem.—Tribe VaNDEzx.
Genus Vanna, Lindl. ; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid. Vanda).
Vanpa limbata ; caule suberecto elato robusto, foliis distichis 6~10-pollicari-
bus patenti-recurvis linearibus apice obtuse 2-lobis carinatis crasse et
dure coriaceis, pedunculo elongato, racemo multifloro, floribus 2-poll.
diametr., petalis sepalisque consimilibus spathulatis intus cinnamomeis
disco tesselato aureo-limbatis extus albis v. pallide lilacinis, labello dorso
in calear breve conicum obtusum producto, lobis lateralibus parvis
rotundatis intermedio sepalis equilongo quadrato infra apicem obscure
apiculatam paulo constricto lateribus deflexis pallide lilacino disco
obscure 5—7-sulcato, ungue brevi callo instrueto, columna brevi
cucullata.
V. limbata, Blume, Rumphia, vol. iv. p.49 sub V. furva; Lindl. Fol. Orchid.
Vanda, p. 6; Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann., vol. yi. p. 867.
A near ally of V. insignis, as an inspection of our Plate
5759 will show, but abundantly distinct in the ieaves, form
of the lip and coloration of the margins of the sepals and
petals. It is almost identical with the Javanese /. furva of
Blume, which is poorly figured in that author's fine work, the
“Rumphia,” and which he distinguishes from /. limbata by
a very slight character in the lip which I do not perceive;
his figure of V. furva represents a smaller plant, with a nar-
rower lip, and no golden edges to the sepals and petals. All
are closely related to the old V. Rovburghii of Bengal,
indifferently figured in this work (Tab. 2245), and which
stands in much the same relation to its above-mentioned
allies that Cypripedium Argus and the other Indian species
alluded to under the Plate of that plant in this number
(Tab. 6175) do to C. venustum. In both these cases the type
of the group, in so far as this is represented by the first de-
scribed of its species, is continental Indian, and inhabits the
extreme western verge of the area occupied by the group; —
and is inferior in size, in luxuriance of foliage, and especially
in the brilliant colouring of the flowers to its eastern allies.
JULY Ist, 1875,
Many other instances of this relation between the botanical
characters of Asiatic plants and their geographical distribution
may be cited; and the same remark applies to the animal
kingdom and especially to the insects, which are so closely
correlated in form, colouring, and habits of life, with the
flowers they affect.
_ Vanda limbata was introduced by Messrs. Williams of Hol-
loway, with whom it flowered in July of last year.
Duscr. Stem in the cultivated species three feet high, as
thick as the little finger, green, with long straggling roots as
thick as a goosequill. Zeaves six to eight inches long, dis-
tichous, linear, three-quarters to one and a half inches broad,
recurved, keeled, obtusely unequally bifid at the top; dark
green. taceme six to eight inches long; peduncle about as
long, laxly 10-12-flowered, green; bracts minute, triangular.
Pedicel and ovary nearly two inches long, white. Pertanth two
inches in diameter. Sepals and petals nearly equal and similar,
spathulate bright cinnamon-coloured within and _ tesselated,
_ with a golden border, pale and suffused with lilac externally.
Lip 3-lobed, pale lilac, produced behind into a short conic
obtuse spur; lateral lobes small, rounded; midlobe as long
as the sepals, quadrate, slightly fiddle-shaped, obscurely
mucronate at the truncate tip, angles rounded, disk tumid,
with five to seven parallel grooves, margins reflexed, claw
with a prominent callus. Column short, hooded.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Ovary, lip, and column; 2, front view of lip and column :—both
magnified,
REY WAY pia
Vincent Brook
Tas. 6174.
DIETES Horton1.
Native of the Cape of Good Hope.
Nat. Ord. Intpacem.—Tribe IRIDEz.
Genus Dieres, Salisb. ; (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 583).
Dietes Huttoni ; rhizomatosa, vaginis basalibus brunneis scariosis, foliis ad
caulem solitariis ensiformibus firmis glabris viridibus facie canaliculatis
acuminatis sesquipedalibus vel bipedalibus, caule pedali sepissime bifloro
bracteis pluribus navicularibus acutis cincto, spathe valvis lanceolatis
acutis, pedicello bracteas superante, ovario cylindraceo, tubo supra
ovarium nullo, perianthii limbo luteo, segmentis 3 exterioribus
obovato-oblongis obtusis supra medium reflexis supra unguer purpureo
lineatis, segmentis interioribus angustioribus brevioribus oblanceolatis
erectis, stigmatibus late petaloideis, lamina perianthio duplo breviore,
appendicibus apicalibus deltoideis denticulatis.
Sent by Mr. Hutton from the eastern province of the Cape
Colony to the Kew collection, where it flowered in the
month of March of the present year. This genus Dietes is
scarcely distinct from ris by any botanical character. One
belongs to the Cape, and the other to the north temperate
zone. Dietes catenulata, Klatt. (Morea catenulata, Ker.,
Bot. Reg., tab. 1074), a plant of our cool stoves, has white
perianth-segments which spread from the very base when
they expand. Our present plant is nearer D. bicolor, Sweet.
(Iris bicolor, Lindl., Bot. Reg., tab. 1404), but is still more
like an Jris than either of them, and completely connects
together the two genera; and the only appreciable character
in which Diefes differs from Morea, which is abundantly
represented in the Cape flora, both as regards individuals
and species, is that the former is rhizomatose and the latter
bulbiferous.
Descr. Shortly rhizomatose, with copious wiry root-fibres.
Undeveloped leaves numerous, scarious, dark brown, sheathing
the outside of the tufts of the stem and proper leaves. Deve-
loped leaves not more than one to a stem, firm in texture,
green, ensiform, one and a half or two feet long, three-
quarters of an inch broad, deeply channelled down the face,
JULY Ist, 1875.
tapering to a long point. Stem terete, about a foot high,
2—3-flowered, covered with a close succession of lanceolate,
acute, clasping bract-leaves. Pedicels two or three inches
long, protruded from the bracts when developed. Ovary
cylindrical, half to three-quarters of an inch long. Perianth-
limb bright yellow, the outer segments obovate-oblong, obtuse,
an inch and a half long, reflexing from below the middle,
marked at the top of the claw with a circle of purple lines ;
inner segments bright yellow, oblanceolate, rather shorter
than the outer. Stigmas an inch long, broadly petaloid,
with broad deltoid reflexing toothed apical appendages.
Flower sweet-scented.—J. G. Baker.
“>
™
™~
)
Tap. 6175.
CYPRIPEDIUM Arevs.
Native of the Philippine Islands.
Nat. Ord. OrcuipEm.—Tribe CyprirEDIE&.
Genus Cypripepium, Lindl, ; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 220).
Cypripepium Argus ; foliis omnibus radicalibus subdistichis oblongo-lanceo-
latis acutis pallide viridibus maculis saturatioribus tesselatis, scapo.
valido elongato glanduloso-pubescente rubro-fusco 1 flore, spatha ovario
valde elongato multo breviore, sepalo supremo late ovato-cordato
acuminato albo-purpureo striato, lateralibus connatis angustis labello
suppositis, petalis lineari-oblongis obtusis undulatis margine ciliatis
pallide viridibus maculis purpureis ocellatis, labelli sacco ostio retuso
utrinque angulato, staminodio hippocrepiformi.
Cyprirepium Argus, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 608, and 1874,
p- 710.
hee
A very near ally indeed of the old C. darbatum of Java
(Tab. nost. 4234), but differing in the very acuminate upper
sepal, and the brilliant ocellated markings on the petals, as
also in the much larger size, stouter habit, and longer ovary.
Also allied to C. purpuratum (Tab. nost. 4901), C. Hookere
(Tab. nost. 5362), and others, of which the type is the old
C. venustum of Wallich (Tab. 2129). All these have a
similar habit, tesselated leaves, a broad upper sepal, vari-
ously-marked petals, similar sacs to the lip, and a horseshoe-
shaped extremity tothe column. Allare further natives of the
hotter parts of India and its Archipelago, and suggest the idea
that they are races of one variable species. C. Argus 1s no
doubt much the handsomest of all these; it was discovered
by Mr. Wallis, Messrs. Veitch’s collector, in the Island of
Luzon, one of the Philippines, and was flowered in Messrs.
Veitch’s establishment in March of the present year. _
Descr. Root of stout fibres. Leaves five to eight inches
long, by one to one and a half inches broad, subdistichous,
oblong-lanceolate, acute, rather fleshy, nearly flat, pale green,
tesselated with square dark green spots. Scape a foot high,
stout, red purple, clothed with spreading glandular hairs,
I-tlowered. Spathe two inches long, compressed, green, with
JULY lst, 1875,
a very oblique mouth, much shorter than the stout erect
glandular ovary, which is sometimes four inches long.
Flowers four to five inches broad across the petals. Upper
sepal broadly ovate-cordate, much acuminate, white with
many dark green and purple stripes ; lateral sepals combined
into one ovate lanceolate blade, with a notched tip, which is
placed under the lip, and is rather broader and larger than
this is, pale with green stripes. Pefals longer than the
upper sepal, deflexed at an angle of forty-five degrees, three
inches long, linear-oblong, obtuse, whitish, faintly tinged
_ with green, rose-coloured towards the tip, studded with dark
purple spots, some of which are ocellated ; margins fringed
with purple hairs, many of which are disposed in tufts in the
marginal purple spots. Zp two inches long; sac inflated,
smooth, dirty purple above ; mouth with acute raised angular
margins. Staminode horseshoe-shaped with incurved points.
Stigma suborbicular.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Front; and 2, lateral view of column :—both magnified.
76.
6]
Witch del et ith
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lith
Tas. 6176.
CROCUS miniuvs.
Native of Corsica.
CROCUS FL etscueri.
Native of Asia Minor.
Nat. Ord. In1pacrm,—Tribe Ix1ez.
Genus Crocus, Linn.; (Baker in Gard. Chron., 1873).
Crocus minimus; vernalis, bulbo parvo ovoideo tunicis fibroso-membranaceis,
scapo brevissimo spatha basali praedito, foliis 3-5 angustissimis synanthiis
albido-vittatis marginibus revolutis, spatha propria univalvi, tubo pur-
pureo 2-3-pollicari, limbi segmentis oblongo-oblanceolatis obtusis
purpureis sepe albo-variegatis, fauce glabra albida, antheris flavis,
filamentis glabris, stigmatibus integris fulvis.
C, minimus, DC. Fl. Franc., v. iii. p.243; Red. Lil., t. 81; Reich. Ic. Crit.,
t. 1267; Ic. Fl. Germ., t. 7953; et aliorum, (non Bot. Mag., tab. 2994).
C. insularis, Gay in Bull. Feruss., 1831, p. 221; Bot. Reg., 1843, t. 21;
Herbert in Journ. Hort. Soc., vol, ii. p. 261.
Crocus Fleischeri ; vernalis, bulbo ovoideo tunicis fibrosis, scapo brevissimo,
spatha basali nullo, foliis pluribus angustissimis glabris albo-vittatis
marginibus valde revolutis, tubo albido bipollicari, spatha propria
univalvi, limbi segmentis albis oblongis subacutis dorso longitudinaliter
purpureo-lineatis, fauce glabra lutea, antheris citrinis, filamentis glabris,
stigmatibus fulvis multifidis, —
C, Fleischeri, Gay in Bull. Feruss., 1831, p. 219.
C. Fleischerianus, Herbert in Journ. Hort. Soc., vol. ii. p. 278.
C. candidus, “ Clarke” ex Boiss. Diag., No. 13, p. 16.
These are two welcome additions to our stock of spring
Crocuses grown in this country. C. minimus was in the country
before, but has been lost for many years, indeed till now, when
Mr. George Maw has brought it again from Corsica. It is
frequent in that island, flowering in low situations in
January, and upon the mountains up to March, and occurs
also in Sardinia. It is the smallest of all the spring-
flowering Crocuses, and is most like some of the varieties of
versicolor, but it has been confounded in this country with
JU LY Ist, 1875.
biflorus, a form of which was figured under the name of
minimus in Plate 2994 of this Magazine.
Crocus Fleischeri is another interesting addition to our
stock of garden bulbs, made by Mr. Elwes, in his tour in
Asia Minor last spring. It is a very distinct plant, and has
never been in cultivation before. The points which best
mark it from other spring-flowering species are the
divided stigmas and very complicated bulb-coats, the fine
fibres of which are plaited in regular vertical strands. It
was discovered on limestone hills near Smyrna, by the
botanist whose name it bears, and we have it also from
Cilicia, gathered by Aucher Eloy, and from Lycia, gathered
by the late Professor Edward Forbes. The specimen drawn
came from the rich collection of the Rev. H. Harpur Crewe.
Drsor. of C. minimus. Corm ovoid, very small, the tunics
slightly fibrous. Basal spathe present. Leaves three to five to
a fascicle, reaching as high as the flower, not more thana line ©
broad, with a distinct white central band and very revolute
edges. Proper spathe one-valved, but the valve occasionally
bifid at the apex. Perianth-tube purple, about a couple of
inches long. Limé an inch or less long in wild specimens, the
divisions blunt oblanceolate-oblong, mixed purple and white, —
the outer usually tinged with yellow on the outside, the
throat white and glabrous. Azthers yellow, a quarter or
half an inch long, equalling or exceeding the glabrous fila-
ments. Stigmas deep orange-red, entire, gradually widening
from the base to the tip. -
Desor. of C. Fleischeri. Corm ovoid middle-sized, the coats
made up of fine fibres plaited in regular strands. Basal spathe
absent. Leaves overtopping the flower, six to twelve to a
corm, very narrow, with a distinct white band and revolute
edges. Proper spathe monophyllous, sometimes cleft at the
tip. Tube about a couple of inches long, white with purple
stripes. Perianth-limb an inch or more deep, the segments
oblong subacute, pure white with lilac stripes down the back,
the throat yellow, glabrous. <Anthers lemon-yellow, exceeding
the glabrous filaments. Stigmas saffron-yellow, more or less
cut at the tip, but much less go than in nudiflorus and
speciosus.— J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Crocus minimus :
4, top of the style, with s
natural size; 6, an anthe
—natural Size : 2, an outer corm coat ; 3, an anther ;
tigmas :—all magnified. Fig. 5, Crocus Fleischert :
rt; 7, top of style with stigmas :—all magnified.
Tas. 6177.
TULIPA Gretre1.
Native of Turkistan.
Nat. Ord. Littacem.—Tribe TuLire&.
Genus Tura, Linn. ; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xiv. p. 275).
Tura Greigi; bulbo magno, tunicis fuscis apicibus intus strigosis, caule brevi
puberulo robusto unifloro, foliis 3-4 glauco-viridibus copiose pulchre
castaneo maculatis subtiliter puberulis prope marginem valde undulatis,
inferioribus oblongis, superioribus lanceolatis, perianthio aperte cam-
panulato 3—34-pollicari, segmentis omnibus subconformibus obovatis
cuspidatis vel emarginatis splendide coccineis, ad unguem macula magna
nigra flavo-marginata preditis, staminibus perianthio quadruplo brevi-
oribus, antheris flavis oblongis filamento nigro lanceolato xquilongis,
ovario cylindraceo stamina superante, stigmate profunde sulcato auriculis
reflexis.
T. Greigi, Regel Enum. Tulip., p. 49; Gartenflora, vol. xxii. (1873) p. 290,
tab. 773; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xiv. p. 289.
During the last two years no less than three striking new
Tulips have been added to the list of species cultivated in
this country. Although they come from different localities,
they all three resemble one another closely, both from a_
botanical and horticultural point of view. They are
P. betica, of Boissier, a native of Greece; 2 Lichleri, of
Regel, a native of Georgia; and 7! Greigi, the subject of the
present Plate. The two former have not yet been figured,
but we hope soon to be able to find room for them. To
compare them with familiar types, all the three species
come between 7”, suaveolens, the common early Duc Van Thol
tulip of the gardens, on the one hand; and on the other,
T. Oculis-solis and T. precor. They show the dwarf habit,
downy stems and nearly uniform obtuse perianth-segments of
the first, but have the large, nearly black basal blotch, with
a distinct yellow bérder, which fills up the whole claw of the
perianth-segments of the latter, and gives to the flower its
most characteristic mark as compared with 7. Gesneriana and
other common kinds: We received at Kew 7. Greigi direct
. JULY Ist, 1875.
from. Dr. Regel, but it has not yet flowered with us. The
Plate was made, partly from a plant sent through Mr.
Burbidge from the New Plant and Bulb Company of Colches-
ter, and partly from a very fine specimen forwarded by our
indefatigable correspondent, Max Leichtlin, Esq., of Baden-
Baden, who has grown it in Germany with great success.
The species was gathered in Turkistan by Sewerzow and
Fedschenko, and was named by Dr. Regel in compliment to
General Greig, President of the Imperial Russian Horti-
cultural Wnion. ?
Descr. Bulb as large asa small hen’s egg, the membranous
brown tunics slightly hairy on the inner side towards the
top.. Stem two to eight inches high, 1-flowered, stout,
terete, distinctly downy. eaves usually four, glaucous-green
and obscurely downy on the face, spotted with copious oblong
and linear blotches of a bright chestnut-brown colour, much
undulated towards the cartilaginous border, the lower ones
oblong acute, five or six inches long by two or two and a half
' inches broad, the two upper ones lanceolate. Perianth erect,
three or three and a half inches deep, campanulate with the
divisions spreading abruptly from about the middle when
fully expanded, all nearly uniform in shape, obovoid, nar-
rowed gradually from three-quarters of the way up to a
deltoid claw, the apex cuspidate or emarginate, the
upper three-quarters of the segment bright crimson, the
claw filled up with a large obovate-rhomboid blotch with a
bright yellow aureole. Stamens three-quarters of an inch
long, the oblong yellow anther equalling in length the
lanceolate, flattened, black filament. Ovary cylindrical, an
inch long, narrowed to the neck; stigma yellow, twice as
broad as the neck of the ovary, deeply channelled, the
auricles conspicuously reflexed.— J. G. Baker.
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Tas. 6178.
MERTENSIA aprons.
Native of the Rocky Mountains.
Nat, Ord. Boracinem@.—Tribe LITHOSPERMEZ.
Genus Merrensta, Roth. ; (DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 87).
Martensta alpina; gracilis, erecta, sericeo-pilosa v. glabra, caule simplici,
foliis auguste spathulato- v. lanceolato-oblongis obtusis subacutisve
superne scaberulis v. levibus magnibus ciliatis, nervis obscuris,
ealyce alte 5-fido corolle tubo breviore, lobis oblongis lanceolatisve
acutis obtusisve, corolla limbo breviter 5-fido, filamentis brevibus
antheris equilatis.
M. alpina, Don, Gen. Syst. Gard., vol. iv. p. 872; DC. Prodr., vol. x. p. 91;
A. Gray in Amer. Jour. Arts § Sc., vol. XXXIV. (1862) p. 340, e in
S. Watson, Bot. 40th Parallel, p. 461.
M. Drummondii, Don ex A. Gray, lc. .
Lirgosreruum Drummondii, Lehm. Pugill., 2, p. 26, e in Hook. Fl. Bor.
Amer., vol. ii. p. 86.
Putmonarta alpina, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York, vol. ii. p. 224.
A lovely little rock-plant, a native of the higher parts
of the Rocky Mountains, and like many such, inhabiting an
immense stretch of latitude, namely from 39° N., to the
Arctic Sea coast. It is an extremely variable plant, as Dr.
Gray remarks; who concludes that the Arctic coast speci-
mens, which I have referred to MM. virginica, are indeed
specifically referable to the Rocky Mountain one from Colorado.
The latter, though resembling M. virginica in habit, is ae
tainly, as Gray rightly points out, well distinguished by the
stout broad filaments, which are those of the species here
figured. Other variations occur in the hairyness of its parts,
including the tube of the corolla within ; which is, according
to Gray, glabrous or pilose. In the Arctic coast specimens
and Dr. Parry’s from the Colorado district, the stamens are
inserted on the throat of the corolla, as they are in the plant
here figured; but in Dr. James’, which resemble the Arctic
coast ones in habit, they are inserted far down the yee keg
they are in all the specimens from the west side of the y
AuGUsST Ist, 1875.
Mountains, which are moreover all hirsute. Dr. Gray further
remarks, that those specimens with the stamens inserted low
down have all short styles, which is contrary to the dimor-
phism of the Boraginee. It will be observed that in our
figure the stamens are inserted on the throat of the corolla,
and the style is long.
M. alpina was imported by Messrs. Backhouse of York,
who flowered it in May last.
Dxscr. Perennial, glabrous, or clothed more or less with
soft hirsute pubescence. Sfems simple, erect, sparingly
leafy, slender. Leaves sessile, chiefly cauline, one to one
and a half inches long, linear-oblong or spathulate, radical
often broader, acute or obtuse, upper surface smooth or
muricate, margin ciliate. Cymes lax-flowered. Flowers
drooping, one-third to two-thirds of an inch long; bracts
leafy ; pedicels short, slender. Calyx shorter than the corolla-
tube, 5-cleft to the middle or lower, segments oblong and
obtuse, or lanceolate and acute. Corolla light or dark blue,
tube cylindric; limb campanulate, very shortly 5-lobed, lobes _
rounded ; throat naked or pilose. Stamens inserted at the
base of the throat or lower down ; filaments as broad as the
oblong anthers. Style short or long. —J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, corolla laid open; 3, pistil and disk :—all magnified.
: area aaierat
6179
Anarene
<snaenmneeneat
oa
Jfpee =" a
Tas. 6179.
MICHELIA LANUGINOSA.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Magnotiacem.—Tribe MAGNOLIER.
Genus Micuetia, Linn. ; (Benth. § Hook.f’ Gen. Plant., vol. i. p. 19).
Micuetta lanuginosa ; ramulis foliis gubtus alabastrisque sericeo v. velutino-
tomentosis foliis elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis supra glaberrimis,
floribus sessilibus pallide stramineis, sepalis petalisque ad 18 anguste
lineari-oblongis obtusis acutisve, ovariis et gynophoro dense tomentosis,
carpellis maturis paucis discretis obovoideis pedicellatis verrucosis pedi-
cellatis.
M. lanuginosa, Wall. Tent. Fl. Nap., p. 8, t. 5; Cat. n. 6493; Hook. f-
§ Thoms. Fl. Ind., vol. i. p. 80; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind., vol. i. p. 43.
M. velutina, DC. Prodr., vol. i. p. 79.
Described as a lofty tree in Nipal, according to Wallich,
by whom it was discovered in 1821; though I never saw it
forming anything but a small tree in Sikkim, where I found
it at an elevation of 6-7000 feet in 1848. It has also been
collected in Bhotan by Griffith, and in the Khasia Moun-
tains by Lobb. The flowers, which are very sweet-scented,
vary much in size, from three to four and a half inches in
diameter, in the number of sepals and petals, and in the
depth of their straw colour. eo
Michelia lanuginosa was sent to Kew from Sikkim by Dr.
Thomson, when superintendent of the Botanic Gardens of
Calcutta, about twenty years ago, and was planted out in the
Temperate House about ten years ago. It now forms a small
sparingly-branched tree, twelve feet high, It never flowered
till the present year, when many buds formed in March, and
which, owing to the cold and cloudy spring, never opened
till May, by which time most had fallen off unopened.
Wallich observes that the scent of the flowers is less power-
ful, and therefore more agreeable, than in the other common
Indian species of the genus, of which the Champaca is the
best known.
*
Descr. A tree; branchlets, leaves beneath, and buds
AUGUST Ist, 1875.
clothed with a thick soft white tomentum that is silky in
the young parts. Leaves drooping, five to eight inches long,
elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate; rounded or acute at the base,
thinly coriaceous, bright green above; petiole one half to three
quarters of an inch long, tomentose. Stipules very deciduous,
densely tomentose. lowers subsessile, axillary towards the
ends of the branchlets, very variable in size, three to four
and a half inches in diameter. Sepals and petals very
numerous, about eighteen, the outer densely silky and
concave, the inner spreading flat, rather flexuous, linear-
oblong, acute or obtuse, pale straw-coloured. Anthers very
narrow, apiculate, on short filaments. Gynophore and ovaries
densely tomentose, except the styles, which are glabrous.
Ripe carpels four to five inches; spike an inch or more long,
broadly obovoid, pedicelled, warted, slightly compressed,
1—8-seeded. Seeds large, with a scarlet aril—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, gynophore and ovaries :—both magnified.
1
‘
Tas. 6180.
TYPHONIUM Brownt.
Native of Sub-tropical Australia.
Nat. Ord, Arorea.—Tribe DracuncuLes.
Genus Typnontum, Schott. ; (Schott. Prodr. Syst. Aroid., p. 105).
Typuontum Brownii; folio hastato-tripartito v. profunde trilobo, segmentis
lobisve elliptico- v. lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis lateralibus horizontali-
bus, sinubus rotundatis acutisve, spatha breviter pedunculata, tubo —
globoso v. ovoideo viridi, lamina 5-pollicari. late ovata . acuminata
concava marginibus recurvis extus viridi intus luride purpurea,
spadicis parte feminea brevi conica, parte mascula cylindracea stipitata,
stipite basi organibus neutris filiformibus circinnato-decurvis onusto,
appendice fusiformi-conoideo vy. elongato obtuso v. subacuto brumeo-
purpureo nitido spatha multo breviore.
T. Brownii, Schott, Aroid., vol. i. p. 77, 1855; Prodr
F. Muell. Fragm. Phyt. Austral., vol. viii. p. 187.
Arum Orixense, Brown, Prodr., p. 336, non Road,
. Syst. Aroid., p. 107;
A very curious Aroid, belonging to a genus that extends
from Western India to Australia and the Malayan Islands,
and of which probably many species are still to be discovered
in New Guinea and the eastern islands of the China sea. — It
is a native of Eastern Australia, extending from Port J ackson
northward to Rockingham bay in latitude 19° S., and, accord-
ing to Mueller, varying in the length of the club-shaped apex
of the spadix from one to five inches, as also in the breadth
of the spathe. Under these circumstances it 1s not surprising
that Robert Brown referred this to the T. orivense (Arum
oriwense of Roxburgh), a plant very widely spread in tropical
and subtropical India, and which yet may prove to be a geo-
graphically-separated variety of this. : :
prs Seca was flowed by Mr. Bull in April last,
from bulbs imported by him from Rockhampton mn nae
land, and sent for figuring in the Botanical Magazine. It -
another of the many rare and remarkable plants, of “e e
commercial worth perhaps, but of great scientific interest, for
the accurate knowledge of which botanists are so much in-
AuGustT lst, 1875.
. debted to Mr. Bull’s horticultural skill and love of curious
plants. ;
Descr. Corm of irregular shape, about the size of a walnut,
sending up several leaves and spathes at the same time, and
then going to rest for a season. Leaves very variable in size
and shape, 3-partite or 3-lobed, the segments or lobes five
to seven inches long, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate or linear,
acuminate, the lateral spreading, all rather membranous, deep
green; petiole five to ten inches long, stout, cylindrical.
Scape one to three inches long, stout. Spathe four to seven
inches long; tube globose or ovoid, green; limb broadly
ovate, acuminate-concave, open, coriaceous, lurid purple
within, and obscurely fasciated with darker transverse lines,
margins recurved; back green, suffused with purple towards
the margins. Spadir shorter than the spathe; male portion
shortly conic, covered with densely-crowded ovaries; above
this is a cylindric column, one to two inches long, covered
for three-quarters of an inch at the base with deflexed circin-
nate filaments (deformed ovaries) that descend over the
ovaries, and no doubt entangle insects there; male portion
half an inch long or more, cylindric, dull purple; appendix
ovoid or subulate, one to five inches long, glossy dark-brown,
obtuse acute or truncate. Anthers shortly cuneate, 4-celled,
with four terminal pores. Ovaries 1-celled, with a subsessile
peltate stigma; oyule one, ascending.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Spadix; 2, anther; 3, deformed ovary; 4, ovary; 5, vertical, and
6, transverse section of ditto :—all magnified.
O74
/
an.
ww
ed
Tas. 6181.
ERANTHEMUM HYPOCRATERIFORME.
Native of Tropical Western Africa.
Nat. Ord. AcantHacem.—Tribe ERANTHEMEE
Genus Erantuemum, Linn. ; (Nees in A. DC. Prodr., vol. xi. p. 445).
a
ErantuEmum hypocrateriforme ; fruticosum, fere glaberrimum, caule 4-gono,
foliis ovatis subacutis petiolatis subtus pallidis, spicis terminalibus pube-
rulis solitariis v. fasciculatis, bracteis parvis ovatis setaceo-acuminatis,
sepalis subulato-lanceolatis, corolla tubo gracili pollicari, limbi patentis
extus straminei intus coccinei lobis subequalibus elliptico-obovatis ob-
tusis basi saturate rubris et nigro punctulatis, antheris parvis exsertis
brunneis.
E. hypocrateriforme, Br. ex Rem. & Sch. Syst. Veg., vol. i. p. 175;
Willd. Sp. Pl. ed. Dietr., vol. i. p. 445; Ves in DC. Prodr., vol. xi.
p. 454; Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, p. 484; T. Anders. in Journ.
Linn. Soc., vol. vii. p. 52.
E. affine, Spreng, Syst. Veg., vol. i. p. 69.
Justicra hypocrateriformis, Vahl, Enum., vol. i. p. 165.
The genus Hranthemum, of which there are so many Indian,
Pacific Islands, and Brazilian species, is comparatively scarce
in Africa, where only six species have been hitherto detected,
though no doubt many more await discovery. Of these, the
present is much the handsomest, and is indeed one of the
most attractive of the genus. It is apparently confined to
the West Coast, extending from Accra to Sierra Leone, from
which latter place seeds were received in 1870 from the Rev.
Mr. Bockstadt, a very intelligent gentleman attached to the
mission there, to whom the Royal Gardens are indebted for
many interesting plants, and who has since fallen a victim to
disease contracted in that pestilent climate. E. hypocratert-
forme flowered in the Royal Gardens in May of the present
year.
Descr. A small shrub, glabrous throughout, except the
rachis and peduncle of the spikes. Stem and branches acutely
quadrangular, rather stout. Leaves two to three inches long,
ovate, with an obtuse contracted point, contracted at the base
Auaust Ist, 1875. .
into a petiole half an inch long, firmly coriaceous, dark green
above, pale beneath. Spikes solitary at the end of the
branches, or crowded on short subterminal branches, one to
three inches long, sessile or shortly stalked; rachis and
peduncle finely downy. Bracts shorter than the calyx,
appressed, ovate with subulate points, keeled. Calyx about one-
third of an inch long; sepals subulate, lanceolate, quite gla-
* brous. Corolla-tube one inch long and upwards, very slender,
slightly curved ; limb one inch in diameter, straw-coloured on
the back, bright red above; segments flat, horizontal, elliptic-
obovate-obtuse, the lower rather the larger, and the two
upper rather the smaller, each with a very dark red base,
which is speckled with almost black dots. Azthers shortly
protruded, dark blue-purple. Ovary narrowly ovoid, on an
obscure annular disk.—/. D. H.
Fig. 1, Stamens; 2, calyx and style:—all magnified.
Tas. 6182.
ALLIUM narcissIFLorom.
Native of Dauphiné and Piedmont.
Nat. Ord. Liniacem.—Tribe ALLIEA.
Genus Atuium, Linn.; (Kunth. Enum, iv. 879).
Auuium nareissiflorum ; rhizomate brevi obliquo fibris setosis copiosis
vestito, foliis 5—6 ascendentibus glabris glaucis anguste linearibus
planis, scapo subcylindraceo folios superante, umbellis 2—10-floris ante
anthesin cernuis, spatha monophylla ovata brevi, pedicellis flore brevi-
oribus, perianthio campanulato purpureo pro genere magno, segmentis
obovato-oblongis cuspidatis late imbricatis ad finem ascendentibus,
genitalibus perianthio duplo brevioribus, filamentis conformibus lineari-
bus, stylo apice breviter cuspidato, ovulis in loculo geminis, seminibus
triquetis nigris.
A. narcissiflorum, Vill. Delph., vol. i. p. 267, et vol. ii. p. 258, tab. 6;
Kunth Enum., vol. iv. p. 484; Gren. et Godr. Flor. France, vol. iii.
p- 211; Regel Mon. All., p. 181.
A. grandiflorum, Chaix in Vill. Delph., vol. i. p. 820; Lam. Encye., vol. i,
p- 68.
A, pedemontanum, Willd. Sp. Plant., vol. ii. p. 77; Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ., tab.
504, fig. 1104.
A. nigrum, All. Pedem., p. 158, tab, 25, non Linn.
A. roseum, Linn. Herb.
This is by far the most showy in its flowers of all the
Alliums. It is a native of the limestone mountains of the
south-east of France and north-west of Italy, and belongs to
the large group of species in which the annual bulbs arise
from a creeping perennial root-stock, which is covered by a
dense coat of matted fibres. Although an extremely well-
marked plant, it has been much misunderstood by botanical
authors. Linnzeus confused it with A//ium roseum, and Allioni
with Allium nigrum, both of which belong to the section
which has no root-stock, and as will be seen from the synonyms
cited, it was named twice over in the “ Flora de Dauphiné” of
Villars. The specimens from which the plate was drawn,
were procured by Mr. G. Maw from Monte Campione, in the
north-west of Italy.
AuGusT Ist, 1875.
Descr. Bulbs, arising from an oblique perennial root-stock
thicker than a quill, which gives out downwards abundant
radicular fibres, and is sheathed by a dense coating of dry
matted wiry fibres. eaves five or six, sheathing the base of
the stem for about a couple of inches, all leaving it at the
same point, suberect, fleshy, narrow-linear, six or nine inches
long, two or three lines broad, flat, fleshy, glaucous. Scape
over-topping the leaves, nearly terete. V/owers two to ten
in a close umbel which droops before they expand. <Spathe
large membranous ovate-lanceolate, usually simple, tinged
with purple. Pedicels shorter than the flowers. Perianth
permanently campanulate, deep purple, half or even three-
quarters of an inch deep, the segments obovate or oblong »
with a distinct cusp. Stamens not more than half as long as
the perianth, the filaments uniform slightly flattened. Style
twice as long as the depressed globose ovary, tricuspidate at
the very tip. Ovu/es two ina cell. Seeds black triquetrous.
—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Flower, with the corolla laid open; 2, apex of pedicel and ovary
—both magnified.
61835
Tas. 6183.
COLUMELLIA OBLONGA.
Native of Ecuador.
Nat. Ord. CoLUMELLIACER.
Genus ConumeLiia, Ruiz §& Pav. ; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 745).
CotumELLIA oblonga; ramulis sericeo-pubescentibus, foliis planis petiolatis
obovato- v. elliptico-lanceolatis obtusis integerrimis v. apices versus
dentatis subtus glabris v. sericeo-pubescentibus, nervo percurrente
calloso-apiculatis cymis, terminalibus pedunculatis sericeis.
C, oblonga, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Per. et Chil., vol. i. p. 28, t. 8, f. i. Vahl,
Enum., vol. i. p. 800 (Columella); DC. Prodr., vol. vii. p. 549; Endl,
Iconog., t. 84.
C. sericea, Humb, Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. Gen. Am., vol. ii. p. 388;
DCTS
The very remarkable plant here figured belongs to one of
the comparatively few genera of flowering plants whose
affinities are quite unsettled, although their structure is per-
fectly well understood. It was referred to the neighbourhood
of Jasmines by Don, who raised the genus to the rank of a
natural order, but differs in the adherent calyx, seeds, and
other characters. Lindley places it between Vacciniee and
fubiacee, confessing, however, that “it is impossible to say
where it really ought to stand.” De Candolle suggests its
affinity with Gesneriacee, and no better has been hitherto
found, though Sazifragee have been preferred upon plausible
grounds. Decaisne considers it to be very near Ludbiacea,
and I have suggested Loganiacee.
There are but two species known of the genus, and both
are natives of the Andes, where, however, they have no wide
range, being apparently confined to the Andes of Peru and
Equador.
C. oblonga inhabits an elevation of 9000 to 13,000 feet,
and is very common in the heights above Quito. It was
raised from seeds sent by Dr. Jameson to J. Anderson Henry,
Esq., who forwarded a young plant to Kew in 1870, which
AuGust Ist, 1875,
flowered in the Temperate House for the first time in January
of the present year.
Desc. A small tree, with opposite silky branchlets ;
branches covered with brown bark. Leaves opposite, one to
two inches long, obovate or elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, with
an apiculus formed by the swollen tip of the decurrent mid-
rib, quite entire or toothed towards the tip, coriaceous, con-
tracted at the base into a short petiole, upper surface bright
green and shining, under surface glabrous or clothed with silky
pubescence. Cymes terminal and terminating short lateral
branches ; laxly 6-10-flowered, shortly peduncled, very silky ;
bracteoles small. Flowers shortly pedicelled, one-half to
three-quarters inch in diameter. Calya-tube adherent, silky ;
lobes five, unequal, oblong, subacute. Coro//a coriaceous,
golden yellow, tube short, broad ; lobes five, spreading, orbi-
cular, rather concave, imbricate. Stamens two, inserted near
the base of the corolla; filaments short, broad, ending in a
dilated connective bearing two sinuous anther-cells; pollen
simple, globose. Ovary almost wholly sunk in the calyx-
tube, its crown hemispheric ; style ‘short, stigma broad,
obscurely 2—4-lobed; ovules very many, on two parietal bifid
placentz that project into the axis of the cell, and subse-
quently coalesce, forming a 4-celled ovary. Capsule 4-celled,
crown septicidally 2-valved, the valves bifid and splitting
the style into four. Seeds very numerous, oblong, testa
smooth, embryo clavate, minute near the base of the fleshy
albumen.—J, D. A.
Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary; 2, corolla laid open; 8 and 4, stamens :—all
magnified.
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Tas. 6184.
D ie) N EDULE.
ih Native of Mexico.
Nat. Ord. CrcapEa£.—Tribe ENCEPHALARTEE.
Genus Dron, Lindl, (Alph. DC. Prod., y. xvi., pt. 2, p. 537).
DIon edule ; trunco 3-5 pedali, foliis junioribus pilosis demum glaberrimis 3-5
pedalibus pinnatifidis anguste lanceolatis rigidis, segmentis utroque latere
ad 100 erecto-patentibus lineari-lanceolatis subulato-acuminatis pungentibus
multinerviis, rachi supra plana subtus eonvers atenbilin 4 — a4
Plate 6184 is unavoidably postponed till
the next number.
nee barony IOUT UL LAMM, XVI, (1844), p. 97.
ill PLatTyzAMIA, Zuccarini in Abhandl. Math. Phys. Kl. Bayer Akad., v. iv., p. 28,
i 0.4;
For greenhouse decoration the remarkable Cycad here
figured is at once the most easily cultivated, effective, and
on account of the flatness of its rigid frond, the most easily
of its class kept free of that pest of Cycads, the scale insect.
It is a native of Mexico, where it is said to be found in
various provinces, and has been in cultivation since 1843,
when it was brought from that country by a Mrs. Lavater,
who presented a plant to the Horticultural Society. Dr.
Lindley remarked that about the same time Messrs. Loddiges
bought a stock of the plant. The earliest Kew plant was
Teceived from Siebold. With less apparent justice Lemaire
attributes to Lindley “un inconceyable lapsus calami” in
stating that the seeds were destitute of embryo; a statement
that we have no reason to doubt the correctness of, seeing
how often such is the case in Cycadee.
Tas. 6184.
D IO N:. EDUEE,
Native of Mexico.
Nat. Ord, CrcapE#.—Tribe ENCEPHALARTEA.
Genus Dron, Lindl, (Alph. DC. Prod., v. xvi., pt. 2, p. 587).
Dion edule ; trunco 8-5 pedali, foliis junioribus pilosis demum glaberrimis 3-5
pedalibus pinnatifidis anguste lanceolatis rigidis, segmentis utroque latere
ad 100 erecto-patentibus lineari-lanceolatis subulato-acuminatis pungentibus
multinerviis, rachi supra plana subtus convexa, strobilis g pedalibus cylin-
draceis breviter crasse pedunculatis albolanatis basi bracteis ovato-lanceo-
latis longe acuminatis densissime villoris stipatis, squamis ¢ pollicaribus
cuneatis pallide cxruleis apicibus lanuginosis trapezoideis apice inferiore
densissime antheriferis, strobilis $ ovoideis densissime lanuginosis squamis
apicibus longe productis ovato-lanceolatis,
Dion EDULE, Lindl, Bot. Reg. Misc., 1843, No. 82, Miquel in Linnza,
v. xix. (1846), p. 415, e¢ xxi. (1848), p.567; Walp. Ann., v.i., p. 747, et V.
iii., p. 453; Lemaire, Ill. Hortic.v. ii,, Mise. p. 91 cum Ie. ; A. DC. Prod.,
V. XVi., pt. 2, p. 537.
D. imbricatum, Mig.; D. aculeatum, Lem., et D. angustifolium, Miq., omnia »
l.c., Lemaire, J.c.
ZaMIA? Maelen, Miquel in Linnea, xviii. (1844), p. 97.
Puatyzamia, Zuccarini in Abhandl. Math. Phys. Kl. Bayer Akad., v. iv., p. 28,
t. 4.
For greenhouse decoration the remarkable Cycad here
figured is at once the most easily cultivated, effective, and
_ on account of the flatness of its rigid frond, the most easily
of its class kept free of that pest of Cycads, the scale insect.
ca It is a native of Mexico, where it is said to be found in
various provinces, and has been in cultivation since 1843,
_ when it was brought from that country by a Mrs. Lavater,
who presented a plant to the Horticultural Society. Dr.
Lindley remarked that about the same time Messrs. Loddiges
bought a stock of the plant. The earliest Kew plant was
_ Teceived from Siebold. With less apparent justice Lemaire
attributes to Lindley “un inconceyable lapsus calami” in
Stating that the seeds were destitute of embryo; a statement
that we have no reason to doubt the correctness of, seeing
how often such is the case in Cycadec.
Dion edule has been cultivated at Kew, almost ever
since its introduction into Europe, and thrives both in the
cool end of the Palm House and in the octagon of the Tem-
perate House, forming a trunk 3 to 4 feet high and 8 to 10
inches in diameter. The spread of the crown is 8 to 10 feet,
and contains as many as 50 fronds, each 4 to 5 feet in length,
and 6 to 9 inches in breadth. Both sexes cone frequently,
the male cone varying from 9 to 12 inches in length, the
female from 7 to 12 inches. It is a variable plant, and the
three species cited under the synonyms were founded upon
variations in the form of the fronds, in the number of their
nerves, and their slight toothing in a young state. A fourth
species has lately been proposed by Lemaire, under the name
of D. strobilaceum, of which I know nothing.
The seeds of Dion are eaten by the Mexicans, both the
fleshy testa and the albumen, which latter in other Cycadew
is full of a starch that affords an excellent arrow-root.
Miquel observes that the genus Dion is more nearly allied to
certain fossil genera of Cycadee than is any other living
representative of the order, and that in the form of the in-
florescence and insertion of the ovules it closely resembles
the genus Zamoistrobus—J. D. H.
Fig. 1.—Reduced figure of the whole plant ; 2, portion of frond ; and 3, top of
stem, petiole and male cone, both of the natural size ; 4, scale of male cone seen
from above; 5, the same seen from below, slightly magnified ; 6, anther ; 7,
pollen grains, both highly magnified ; 8, lateral and, 9, central view of scale of
female cone, of the natural size.
é*
Tas. 6185.
PRIMULA. PARRYI.
Native of the Rocky Mountains.
Nat, Ord,—PrimuLaceaz.—Tribe PRIMULEZ,
Genus PrimuLA, Linn.—Benth, and Hook. Gen. f.,"Plant., v. ii., p. 631 (ined.).
Primula (Auricula) Parryi, elata, minute puberula, rhizomate crasso, foliis car-
nosis 6-9-pollicaribus anguste obovato-oblongis obtusis v. subacutis supra
glaberrimis subtus glanduloso-puberulis obscure denticulatis petiolo crasso,
scapo elato robusto, involucri bracteis valde inzequalibus parvis oblongo-
lanceolatis erectis subacutis integerrimis, umbella unilaterali multiflora,
pedicellis elongatis inzequilongis, calycis glandulosi tubo tereti ovoideo,
lobis subeequilongis ovato-subulatis erectis, corolla tubo calycem vix supe-
rante, limbi lobis obovato- v. rotundato-obcordatis rubro-purpureis, fauce
aureo inappendiculato. :
P, Parry, A. Gray in Amer. Journ. Arts and Sc., ser. ii., v. xxxiv, (1862), p.
257 ; Watson, Bot., 40th parall., p, 213; Porter and Coulter, Synops. Fl.
Colorado, p. 88.
Except perhaps the P. japonica (tab. nostr. 5916), this is
the handsomest Primrose ever introduced into this country.
It was discovered about 1860, in the Rocky Mountains of
the Colorado district, always on the borders of alpine streams
near the snow-line, flowering in July, where it gives the name
of ‘Primrose Creek ”’ to one of the affluents of the Colorado
River, in about lat. 37° N. Since that period it has been
discovered commonly in alpine and subalpine spots in Nevada,
in the E. Humboldt range, Clover Mountains, Gray’s Peak,
and Mount Lincoln, ascending to 13,000 feet altitude; thus
having a considerable range, both in latitude and longitude.
Dr. Gray compares the species with the Caucasian P. pyeno-
rhiza, and with P. algida and P. nivalis, and suggests the pos-
sibility of all being forms of one—a question which cannot be
decided without more copious specimens than I possess.
Primula Parryi was raised and flowered by Messrs. Backhouse,
of York, who sent the specimen here figured to Kew in May
of the present year. ae
Duscr. Densely tufted; rootstock very stout, thicker
than the thumb? eaves crowded, suberect, 5-9 inches long,
narrowly obovate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, sessile ornarrowed
into the very broad petiole, obscurely toothed or quite entire,
shining above, paler and minutely puberulous and glandular
beneath, as are the scape and inflorescence. Scape 6-18 inches
high, robust, pale green. Umbel of many flowers, one-sided,
bracts 6-8, erect ; very unequal, + to } inch long, oblong-lanceo-
late, acute ; pedicels 1 to 3 inches long, slender ; flowers inclined
or horizontal. Calyz-tube ovoid, glandular, terete, contracted
_ at the base ; lobes as long as the tube, ovato-subulate. Corolla
1 inch in diameter, tube rather longer than the calyx,
yellow, without folds; limb flat or slightly cupped, bright
red purple; lobes variable in breadth, obovate- or orbicular-
obcordate. Stamens included, filaments very short. Capsule
globose, included in the calyx-tube.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1.—Corolla laid open with stamens and ovary exposed ; magnified.
6186
W. Fitch del
Vincent Brooks Day &Son [mp
Tas 6186.
DRA BA Mawitl.
Native of Spain.
Nat. Ord, Crucirer2.—Tribe ALYSSINEA,
Genus Drasa, Linn. (Benth. and Hook, f., Gen. Plant, vol. i., p. 74.)
Drapa (Aizopsis) Mawii, parvula, dense cespitosa, caulibus brevissimis com-
pactis, foliis densissime rosulatis breviter lineari-oblongis obtusis setoso-
ciliatis nervo subtus valido, scapis per-brevibus aphyllis paucifioris, floribus
amplis brevissime pedicellatis, sepalis oblongis concavis dorso setosis,
petalis cuneato-obovatis albis, siliquis corymbosis breviter ellipsoideis com-
planatis hispidis ad 8-spermis stylo brevissimo.
It is not without hesitation that I propose as new a Euro-
pean species of the large and very variable genus Drada, but
after a very careful examination and comparison I am unable
to match the plant here figured with any known to me by
specimen or description. It belongs to the section Azzopsis,
and its nearest affinity is with the Spanish D. cantabrica,
Willkomm (? D. Dedeana, Boiss. and Reut.), which differ in the
yellow petals and elongate fruiting raceme. It also resembles
very closely, in habit especially, the Draba hispanica, Boiss.,
a native of Spain and Algeria, but differs conspicuously in
the white flowers, broad petals, flat pod, and very short style.
It has also the habit, form of pod and style, and many of the
characters of the D. Zahibruckneri, Host, of the Eastern
Alps; but that has small flowers and glabrous pods.
Draba Mawii is a native of Pancorbo in Old Castile,
between Burgos and Miranda, where it was discovered
by Mr. Maw in 1870, and introduced into his garden at
Brosely and into the Royal Gardens of Kew. It
flowered in the spring of 1873, and the fruit ripened
for the first time in May, 1874, It is an excellent rock
plant, of compact habits, bright green foliage, and red-brown
buds, that are succeeded by crowded pearly flowers.
Descr. Forming low densely tufted bright green patches.
’ Stems much branched, densely clothed with spreading rosulate
leaves. Leaves $ to 4 of an inch long, linear-oblong, obtuse,
shining, margin pectinate, with rigid incurved or spreading
bristles, under-surface with a prominent mid-rib. Scape very
short, woolly, 2 to 4 flowered, pedicels very short. Flowers
3 of an inch in diameter. Sepals very concave, bristly at the
back, green, tipped with red brown. Petals three times as
large as the sepals, obovate-cuneate, retuse, spreading, quite
white. Stamens about equalling the sepals. Pods on corymbs,
% of an inch long, ellipsoid, very compressed, about 8 seeded ;
valves flat, hispid; style very short indeed, stigma minute.
Seeds oblong, with short funicles.
dev. Ty
Fig. 1, leaf; 2, flower; 3, the same with the petals removed; 4, ovary;
5, fruiting branches ; 6, pods; 7, the same with one valve remoyed, showing the
seeds ; all but fig. 5 magnified.
6187
I
“Tan, 6187.
CROCUS Bory.
Native of Greece.
Nat, Ord, InmacEx,—Tribe IXIEz,
Genus Crocus, Linn. ; (Baker in Gard. Chron., 1873).
Crocus Boryi; autumnalis, cormo ovoideo tunicis brunneis membranaceis
deorsum laceris, spatha basali nullo, foliis 4-6 synanthiis angustissimis
vittatis margine revolutis, spathe proprie valvis duobus lanceolatis, peri-
anthii tubo Iuteo 1}-3-poll. longa limbi segmentis oblongo-spathulatis,
obtusis 1-2 poll. longis lacteis seepissime estriatis basi puberulis aurantiacis,
antheris lacteis, filamentis luteis puberulis, styli ramis fulvis multifidis
divaricatis.
C. Boryi, J. Gay in Ferus. Bull, xv. (1832), p. 220; Baker, Gard. Chron., 1873,
p. 1533. .
C, Boryanus, Herbert in Bot, Reg., 1847, tab. 16, fig, 10; Journ. Hort. Soc., vol.
ii., p. 291; Klatt Linnea, vol. xxxiv., p. 685.
C. ionicus, Herbert Bot. Reg., 1843; Misc., p. 5.
This pretty autumn-flowering Crocus is common in many
of the islands, and on the mainland of Greece. We have
specimens at Kew from Corfu and Cephalonia, and from
Mount Parnes and Mount Corydalus, in Attica. It was first
brought into notice by the celebrated traveller and naturalist,
Colonel Bory de Saint Vincent, after whom it was named by
his friend Gay in 1832. He speaks of it as covering the
mountains after the rainy season, from November to January,
flowering with the Mandragora, ‘There are several closely
allied Grecian forms, as C. levigatus, Tournefortii, and Orpha-
nidis, of which we can scarcely judge whether they are species
or varieties till they are watched side by side under cultiva-
tion. This one is characterised by it pure white unstriped
flower with a yellow throat, and it is one of the few Cro-
cuses that have white anthers. It has never yet been satis-
factorily figured, and we are indebted for the opportunity of
doing so now to Mr. Elwes, who brought it last spring from
men) where it grows in company with €. Crewe (tab.
8).
‘Descr. Autumnal, the leaves contemporary with the flower.
Corm ovoid, middle-sized, the brown membranous tunics
breaking up into small slices in the lower half. Leaves four
to six, very narrow, with a distinct white midrib, and very
revolute edges. Basal spathe absent. Proper spathe of two
white lanceolate membranous valves. Perianth-tube yellow,
much exserted from the spathe-valves. Perianth-limb
usually about an inch deep, milk-white with a finely downy
yellow throat, the segments blunt cblong, spathulate.
Stamens about half as long as the limb, the milk-white
anthers much longer than the short yellow filaments. Stig-
mas orange-red, overtopping the anthers with numerous
divaricating capillary branches.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1.—Part of membranous tunic of corm; 2, stigmas; both magnified.
an
4
“—
So
itch del et Lith
Meshoc
WF
Vincent Brooks Day & Son mp
Tas. 6188.
WAHLEN BERGIA Krrarseri.
Native of Hungary.
Nat. Ord. CAMPANULACEZ.—Tribe CAMPANULEZ,
Genus WAHLENBERGIA, Schrad, (Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. Plant., v. ii, p. 555, ined.).
WAHLENBERGIA Kitaibelii, caulibus decumbentibus foliisque anguste lineari-
elongatis obtusiusculis pilosis, bracteis e basi ovato subulato-lanceolatis
exterioribus recurvis floribus brevioribus, calycis tubo piloso, lobis ovato-
so pe acuminatis pubescentibus sinubus denticulo interjecto, corolla
pollicari.
W. Kitaibelii, Alph. DC., Monog. Camp., p. 181.
CAMPANULA graminifolia, Waldst. & Kitaib., Pl. rar. Hung., v. ii. p. 166, t. 154,
Epralantaus Kitaibelii, Alph. DC., Prod. v., vii. p. 449. Reichb., Ic. Fl. Germ. v.,
xix, t. 1588.
The plant here figured for the first time in England (for —
indeed it has not been introduced before) is best known under
the generic name of Ldraianthus, a genus now merged in
Wahlenbergia, from which it is not distinguished by any
available character. From Campanula, which it so much re-
sembles, it differs in the cells of the capsule dehiscing at the
tip between the calyx-lobes, instead of on the outside at the
base of the lobes. Several species of Hdraianthus are
described, all similar in habit, and all natives of South-
eastern Europe. From all others this differs in the small tooth
placed between the calyx-lobes, a character unfortunately not
observed by our artist. W. Kitaibelii is a native of the
Alps of Croatia, Transylvania, and the Banat, whence it
was introduced by Messrs. Backhouse, who sent flowering
specimens from York in May of the present year.
Descr. Root stout, spindle-shaped, perennial. Stems 4-6
inches long, spreading from the root, decumbent, and then
ascending, slender, red brown, softly hairy, sparingly leafy.
Leaves 2-3 inches long, chiefly radical, narrowly linear, about —
4 of an inch broad, subacute, sparingly softly hairy, the
marginal hairs recurved; cauline similar, but rather shorter.
Heads 4-6-, rarely 1-2-flowered; bracts shorter than the
flowers, green and subulate-lanceolate from a broad red-
brown ovate base, quite entire, or slightly toothed, the outer _
recurved, all shorter than the flowers. /Jowers sessile, about
one inch long, erect. Calyx-cube hairy, conical, red brown ;
lobes green, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, spreading, pu-
bescent, and ciliate, with a small tooth in each sinus.
Corolla violet blue, rather narrowly campanulate; tube
5-angled; lobes spreading and recurved, ovate, acute.
Filaments very broad, ciliate; anthers twisted after the
pollen has escaped. Stigma (or pollen-collecting portion of
the style) elongate, cylindric ; lobes 2, short, spreading.—
Ue De i.
Fig. 1, leaf; 2, flower with the corolla removed, magnified.
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CONTENTS OF No. 369, SEPTEMBER, 1875.
Tas, 6184.—DION EDULE.
» 6185.—PRIMULA PARRYI.
» 6186.—DRABA MAWII.
» 6187.—CROCUS BORYI.
» 6188.—WAHLENBERGIA KITAIBELII.
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W Fitch dele lath ie
Vincent Brooks Day Son imp
Tas. 6189.
DELPHINIUM CASHMIRIANUM.
Native of the Himalaya Mountains.
Nat. Ord. RanuncuLacez.—Tribe HELLEBORE,
Genus DeLpuinium, Linn, (Benth. and Hock., f. Gen. Plant., vol. i., p. 9.)
DeLpxinium Cashmirianum; glabrum plus minus pilosum v. sericeo-pilosum,
caule subsimplici erecto parce folioso, foliis radicalibus orbiculatis palma-
tim 5-7-lobis, lobis cuneato-ovatis acutis inciso-dentatis, caulinis 3-5-par-
titis, floribus laxe corymbosis, bracteis lanceolatis, bracteolis linearibus,
floribus magnis azureis, sepalis oblongis obtusis, calcare paulo breviore
conico robusto lente decurvo obtuso, petalis dorsalibus 2-lobis calcaribus
elongatis, lateralibus oblique 2-lobis barbatis lobis obtusis.
D. Cashmirianum. Royle, Ill. Bot. Himal., p. 55, t.12. Hook, f.et Thoms, Fl. Ind.,
p. 52, excl. synon. D, Jacqemontianum, Hook., f. Fl. Brit. Ind., v. i. p. 26.
About a dozen species of Delphiniwm inhabit the Himalaya
Mountains, of which the present is one of the handsomest.
All are found at considerable elevations, and some of them
that come from the loftiest spots, as D. Brunonianum, Royle
(Tab. nost. 5461), exhale so strong a musky odour that the
ignorant mountaineers attribute the odorous secretion of the
musk-deer to the animals’ feeding on that plant, and of
the D. glaciale, which is equally strongly scented. No
such odour has been attributable to D. Cashmirianum,
though it too occurs at great heights, ascending from 12,000
to 15,000 feet in the Western Himalaya, where it ranges from
the longitude of Kumaon to that of Kashmir, abounding in
grassy valleys, &c.
The subject of this plate was raised by J. Anderson
Henry, Esq., from seed sent from the north part of Kashmir
by Dr. Bellew, during his journey to Kashgar with Mr.
Forsyth, and it flowered well at Hay Lodge, Trinity, in July
of the present year.
Descr. Whole plant except the inflorescence glabrous,
but native specimens are glabrous, hairy, silky, or even almost
hispid. Stem very simple, flexuous, one foot to one and a
half foot high, slender, sparingly leafy. Radical \eaves
orbicular, two to three inches in diameter, palmately five- to
seven-lobed, the lobes coarsely acutely toothed and cut; petiole
five to eight inches long ; cauline leaves shortly petioled, three-
to five-lobed, cut like the radical ones, all rather thick and
bright green. Inflorescence corymbose, silkily hairy, the
branches rather spreading, inclined, one or more flowered ;
bracts lanceolate, sub-erect, bracteoles linear. lowers two
inches long from the tip of the sepals to that of the spur,
broad, deep azure blue, silkily pubescent; lateral sepals
broadly oblong, obtuse ; dorsal produced into a broad, inflated,
conical, decurved, obtuse spur about two-thirds as long as the
sepal. Dorsal petals almost black, the limb erect, two lobed,
the spurs funnel-shaped with decurved tips; lateral petals
greenish, their limb deflexed, unequally two-lobed, with
prominent hairs on the face. Ripe carpels hairy.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1.—Petals magnified.
6/90
W Ritch, del et ith «
Vincent Brooks Day & Sen, Sup
Tas. 6190,
MASDEVALLIA Davis.
Native of Peru.
Nat. Ord. OrcHIDE®.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLIDE.
Genus MASDEVALLIA, Ruiz and Pav. (Lindl., Gen. and Sp. Orchid., p. 192).
MASDEVALLIA Davisii; foliis 8-pollicaribus anguste lineari-oblanceolatis sub-
acutis carinatis crasse coriaceis, scapis gracilibus foliis longioribus, floribus
horizontalibus aureis, ovario brevi, sepalis in tubum subcylindraceum basi
gibbum connatis breviter caudatis, supremo minore ovato in caudem wqui-
longam attenuato marginibus recurvis, lateralibus maximis 2} poll. longis,
fere parallelis in caudas } poll. longas abrupte angustatis sinu angusto,
etalis dimidiato-oblongis apice obtusis emarginatis basi antice auriculatis,
abello lineari-oblongo obtuso 3-carinato, columna apice erosa:
M. Davisii, Reichb. f. Xen. Orchid., v. 3, t. 3, ined., et in Gard. Chron., 1874, pp,
vei: egy
This fine Masdevallia is remarkable for its size and colour.
It was discovered by Mr. W. Davisnear Cuzco in Peru, and
was flowered by Messrs. Veitch in August of the present year ;
the plant here figured bearing twenty flowers. Singular as the
colour is, it is probably very variable. Reichenbach describes
the perianth-tube as ‘‘ whitish yellow, with a blackish-violet
great eye-spot on each side;” and the other parts of the
flower as ‘yellowish white outside and of the deepest
splendid orange inside;” colours not at all repeated in our
specimen.
Descr. Leaves six to eight inches long exclusive of the
short part below the joint, two-thirds of an inch broad,
narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse, keeled, concave above, dark
green, thick, and coriaceous; sheaths one inch long, pale,
loose. Scapes slender, longer than the leaves. Flower nearly
horizontal, four inches long from the tip of the upper to that
of the lateral sepals, one and a half inch broad across the
lateral sepals, pale golden yellow, with obscure small orange
markings at the base of the perianth externally. Ovary very
short, curved, grooved, green. Sepals combined at the base
into a subcylindrical tube two-thirds of an inch long, which
is gibbous at the base; upper two inches long, ascending,
broadly ovate, margins recurved, gradually contracted into a
slender tail as long as itself; lateral two and a half inches
long, nearly parallel, connate to beyond the middle, with an
acute sinus, oblong, rather convex, suddenly contracted into
a tail about a quarter of an inch long. Petals very small,
dimidiate-oblong, with broad claws, auricled at the base on
one side; tip almost truncate, notched. zp shorter than
the petals; claw slender; limb linear-oblong, obtuse, with
three longitudinal stout ridges running through its length.
Column not winged, apex toothed.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1.—Flower with perianth removed; 2, column and claw of lip; 3,
column and lip ; 4, limb of lip :—all magnified.
arvana rns
ACP AN. cS TEN ASS patie Sal
oven lipliai og > PPR ry
ee
Re i a
TAB, 6191.
TULIPA EICHLERI.
Native of Georgia.
* SaEara ae Me eneks
ee ae |
Nat. Ord, Littacea.—Tribe TuLipex, 21! Oe
Genus TuLrpa, Linn. (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc.; vol.'xiv. p. 275). nS
Tuutra Eichleri ; bulbo ovoideo glabro tunicis fuscis brevibus apice intus strigoso-
pilosis, caule elongato unifloro sub lente dense puberulo foliis 3-5 lanceolatis
glauco-viridibus superne minutissime puberulis marginibus planis levibus, _
seapo gracili, perianthio aperte campanulato 3-4 poll. diam., segmentis omni-
bus conformibus obovatis cuspidatis sanguineo-coccineis basi macula magna
violacea flavo-maculata, staminibus perianthio dimidio brevioribus, antheris
purpureo-brunneis filamenta nigra «#quantibus, ovario obtuse 3-gono sta-
ae paulo breviore, stigmatis sessilis ramis crassis horizontalibus undu-
tis.
T. Eichleri, Regel. Gartenfl., v. 23 (1874), n. 193, t. 799. Baker, in Gard. Chron.,
1875, p. 620.
When figuring the no less gorgeous Tulipa Greigi for this
volume (Tab. 6177), allusion was made to three striking new
Tulips, which, “though coming from different localities, re-
sembled one another very closely in both a botanical and
horticultural point of view.” We have here the second of
these, which is the latest discovered of them, not being in-
cluded in Mr. Baker’s careful monograph of the genus pub-
lished only a year ago. It belongs to the group Scabriscape
of Baker, all the species of which are natives of the Medi-
terranean region, from Italy eastward to the Levant, and of
the Caspian region extending to Turkestan. This indeed 1s
the principal area inhabited by Tulipa, for very few of
its species (nearly fifty are described) reach the extreme
east of Asia; only one is found in India (7’. stellata, Hook.),
and that is confined to the North-eastern Himalayas, and
one (7. edulis, Baker) in Japan. The 7. Lichleri was dis-
covered by the traveller, whose name it bears, in the Baker
district of Georgia. : .
I am indebted to Mr. Elwes for the fine flowering speci-
men of 7. Kichleri, which flowered ‘in his rich collection last
spring, and also fora bulb which he has presented to the
Royal Gardens.
Descr. Bulb in our specimen small, ovoid, hardly two
inches long, covered with a brown, smooth tissue, which is
bristly on the inner surface towards the tip. S¢em six inches
high, leafy, stout, one-flowered, pubescent. Leaves alternate,
lower twelve to fifteen inches long by two broad, upper
smaller, sessile, lanceolate, acuminate, glaucous green, mi-
nutely pubescent above, margins plane andsmooth. Scape
slender. Flower three inches in diameter, broadly companu-
late; perianth-segments obovate, rounded at the top with a
mucro, deep scarlet, with a broad, wedge-shaped, dark violet-
blue spot at the base, which is margined with yellow. Séa-
mens less than half the length of the perianth-segments ;
anthers violet-brown, as long as the black filaments, Ovary
trigonous ; stigmas horizontal, with recurved tips, very thick,
undulated, pale yellow.—J. D. H.
6192.
W Fitch del et Lith
Vincent Brooks Day Sei Tmp
Tas. 6192.
HETERA NTHERA trmosa.
Native of America.
Nat. Ord, PONTEDERIACEA,
Genus HETERANTHERA, Ruiz and Pav. (Seubert in Mart. Flor. Bras. Ponted.,
p. 87.)
HETERANTHERA limosa, cespitosa, subacaulis, glaberrima, foliis longe petiolatis
ovatis v. oblongo- v. rotundato-ovatis obtusis striato-venosis, petiolo
crasso articulato fistuloso, pedunculis sessilibus petiolis multo brevioribus
unifloris, spatha angusta subulato-acuminata, perianthii tubo angusto-
pollicari, limbi fere xqualis 14 poll. diam. czrulei lobis lineari-oblongis
obtusis, staminibus subequalibus, filamentis antheras lineari-oblongas sub-
equilongis, stigmate clavato oblique truncato apice crenato.
H. limosa, Vahl, Enum. v. 2, p. 44. Pursh, Fl. N. Am., v. 1, p. 32. Benth. Pl.
Hartweg, p. 25. Griseb. Fl. Brit. Ind.,p. 590. A. Gray, Bot. N. U, States,
ed. 2, p. 485. Seubert in Mart. Flor. Bras., vol. 3, part 1, p. 89.
H. alismoides, Humb. et Bonpl. ex Link, Jahrb., v. 3, p. 73.
Le ptanthus ovalis, Mich. Fl. Bor. Am., v. 1, p. 25, t. 5.
Pontederia limosa, Swartz, Prod. p. 37, Fl. Ind. Occ., v. 1, p- 611. Sloane, Hist.
Jam., 1, t. 149, f. 1. .
A very pretty water-plant of wide distribution, inhabiting
very wet marshes from Virginia to Venezuela and Brazil, and
likely to become a favourite for cultivation in tropical aquaria,
where it may be grown in pots standing in the water. As
far as I am aware, but one species of the genus Heteranthera
had hitherto been cultivated in Europe, namely the i
grammea of Vahl, a very insignificant submerged species, a
native of North America, which was introduced into the
Glasgow Botanical Garden half a century ago, along with
Vallisnerea spiralis, and is well figured in Hooker’s “ Exotic
Flora,” tab. 94, under the generic name of Leptanthus. About
a dozen species of the genus are described, some of which,
_—- spikes of blue flowers, are no doubt worthy of cultiva-
ion,
Seeds of H. limosa were sent from Santa Martha, in New
Grenada, to the Royal Gardens by M. Endres, which ger-
minated and flowered in the short space of a few weeks. M.
Endres states that it grew in brackish pools. It flowers at
Kew from May onwards. It isa plant of very wide range,
from the warm temperate region of the United States (Illinois
and Virginia) to Bahia in Brazil.
Descr. Quite glabrous, tufted, stemless. Leaves erect,
long-petioled, one to two inches long, from orbicular-ovate to
almost lanceolate, obtuse, pale bright green on both surfaces,
striated with numerous veins; petiole six to ten inches long,
stout, cylindric, transparent, transversely jointed, fistular.
Peduncle one-half to one inch long, 1-flowered, apparently
springing from the side of a petiole towards its base, but in
reality from a short branch that gives off a leaf and a peduncle,
which latter is embraced at the base by the sheath of the petiole
of the leaf. Spathe green, embracing the tube of the flower,
subulate-acuminate. Perianth-tube slender, one to one and a
half inch long; limb as much in diameter, bright vio.et blue;
segments linear-oblong, obtuse. Filaments nearly equal,
subulate, about equalling the linear-oblong anthers. Ovary
narrow ; stigma clavate, obliquely truncate, crenate at the ©
top.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1.—Perianth-tube and stamens; 2, upper part of perianth-tube laid
open, with stamens and stigma; 3, ovary; 4, transverse section of ditto :—all
magnified.
6193
|
b
|
2
=
ay &Son imp
i
Vincent Brooks |
Tas. 6193.
OXALIS ARENARIA.
Native of Chili.
Nat. Ord. OXALIDEA,
Genus OXALIs, Linn. ; Benth. and Hook., f. Gen, Pl., v. i., p. 276.
OXALIS arenaria; acaulis, glaberrima, rhizomate tuberoso, foliis 3-4-foliolatis
foliolis sessilibus bilobo-obcordatis subtus glaucis, scapo gracillimo petiolis
multoties longiore, umbellis 3-10-floris, bracteis minutis ovato-subulatis
recurvis, pedicellis gracilibus, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusisdorso apices
versus 2-glandulosis, petalis sepalis triplo longioribus cuneato-obcordatis
purpureis, filamentis puberulis in cupulam turbinatam basi connatis, ovario
oblongo-ovoideo, stylis brevibus.
O. arenaria, Bertero et Colla, Plant. rar Chil., p. 10, t. 3; Walp. Rep., i, 485 ;
C. Gay, Flor. Chil., v.i., p. 454.
The genus Ovalis, once a favourite amongst amateur
horticulturists, has of late years experienced the neglect that
has overtaken so many interesting classes of herbaceous
plants. Upwards of one hundred and thirty species, chiefly
natives of South Africa, have been figured as under cultiva-
tion in Europe. By far the larger number of these are con-
tained in the beautiful Monograph of the genus published by
the elder Jacquin in 1794, from specimens cultivated in the
Imperial Gardens at Vienna. In 1808 fifty-eight species
were in the Kew collection, where there are now only thirty ;
and no species has been figured in this Magazine for a quarter
of a century, when (1850) the lovely 0. elegans of the Andes,
Tab. 4490, appeared. Happily a love of the genus lingers
amongst scientific horticulturists, to one of whom, G. Munby,
Esq., I owe the opportunity of figuring the present species.
Oxalis arenaria is a native of Chili, where it is widely
distributed, being found in sandy pastures near Valparaiso,
Santiago, and other localities. It has also been gathered on
the Andes of Bolivia, by Mandon, in the neighbourhood of
Sorata, at an elevation of between eight and nine thousand
feet above the sea-level. The specimen here figured flowered
with Mr. Munby in March. :
Descr. Quite glabrous. Rhizome of fleshy scales forming
together an ovoid tuber as large as a hazel-nut. Leaves all
radical, three- to four-foliolate ; petiole very slender ; leaf-
lets sessile, one-third to nearly an inch long, obcordate, with
broad rounded lobes, and an open sinus, pale bright-green
above, glaucous beneath. Scapes twice as long as the
petioles or more, very slender. Usmbelthree- to ten-flowered ;
involucral bracts very small, green, ovate-subulate or lanceo- -
late, recurved; pedicels one to two inches long. Flowers
one to one and a quarter inch in diameter, bright violet-
purple. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, green, with a
double gland near the tip on the back. Petals much longer
than the sepals, cuneate-obcordate, with a shallow sinus.
Stamens united into a turbinate cup at the base. Ovary
ovoid-oblong; styles short.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1. Flower with the perianth removed; 2, ovary :—both magnified.
6194
Witch, del et ith, Vincent Bross Day Son.bap
Tas. 6194,
CRASSULA Botvst.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord, CRASsULACEZ.
Genus Crassus, Linn, (Benth. and Hook., f. Gen. Pl., v. i., p. 657).
CrassuLA (Squamulose) Bolusii; parvula, diffuse ramosa, ramis gracilibus
laxe foliosis adscendentibus teretibus sparse patentibus pilosis'apice floriferis,
foliis 1 poll. longis patulis elliptico-lanceolatis acutis marginibus
ciliatis ceterum glaberrimis radicalibus pollicaribus lineari-spathulatis
omnibus carnosis dorso semiteretibus facie conyexis viridibus nigro maculatis
v. fasicatis, floribus corymbosis 4 unc. diameter. breviter pedicillatis, calycis
segmentis ovatis acutis ciliatis, petalis oblongis subacutis dorso infra apicem
mucronulatis carneis, glandulis hypogynis brevibus emarginatis, carpsllis
ovoideo-lanceolatis in stylos breves attenuatis, stigmatibus puactiformibus.
A very pretty little Cape succulent, apparently not in-
cluded in Harvey and Sonder’s Cape Flora. It was dis-
covered by Mr. H. Bolus, near Graafreinet, who sent both
living and dried specimens to Kew, As a species it is closely
allied to C. Cooperi (Regel Gartenfl., 1874, p. 36, t. 786), a
widely distributed Cape species, but differs in the less —
Straggling habit, much longer and narrower radical leaves,
and in the dark blotches on the foliage.
The specimen here figured is from plants sent to Kew by
Mr. Bolus in 1874, which flowered in the Succulent House in
July of the present year.
Descr. A small, bright green, tufted, perennial herb.
Stems ascending, three to five inches high, slender, leafy at
the base, sparingly so higher up, very sparsely clothed
with spreading short white hairs. Leaves fleshy, pale green,
with dark, almost black blotches, one-third to one-half inch
long, elliptic-lanceolate, acute, the lowest often one
inch long, and more or less spathulately oblanceolate, upper
surface convex, the lower almost semiterete, margin with a
row of white rather recurved cilia, otherwise perfectly
glabrous. Flowers very small, one-sixth inch diameter, in
terminal corymbose cymes, very shortly pedicelled. Calyz-
segments ovate, acute, red, ciliate. Petals twice as long, oblong-
lanceolate, acute, with a dorsal mucro near the top, pale
fiesh-colour. Anthers red. Hypogynous glands small, yellow,
notched.. Ovaries ovoid-lanceolate, narrowed into very short
straight styles with minute stigmatic tips.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1. Portion of branch and part of leaves; 2, flowers; 3, petal; 4, sta-
mens, glands, and carpels ; 5, carpels and glands :—all magnified.
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PROTEINOPHALLUS Rrviert.
Native of Cochin-China.
Nat. Ord, AromDEz.—Tribe PYTHONIEZ.
Nov. gen. PRoTeINoPHALLUS,—Spatha basi convoluta; lamina ampla cordato-
orbiculari acuta explanata ad 20-costata, marginibus recurvis. Spadiz _Spa-
tham longe superans, inferne continuo-androgynus organibus neutris 0;
appendice elongato fusiformi subulato, sensim acuminato. Antherz
conferta, filamento crasso zquilatz, 2-loculares, 2-porose. Ovaria nume-
rosa, dense conferta, globosa, 2-3-locularia; stylus brevis, columnaris,
stigmate capitato 3-lobo ; ovula in loculis solitaria, angulo interiori prope
bari adnata, anatropa. : :
Herba lata, Cochinchinensis, radice magno tuberoso. _ Folium serotinum,
longe crasse petiolatum, lamina amplissema, trisecta, segmentis bipinnatifidis.
Seapus elongatus, strictus, gracilis. Spathe tubus ovoideus ; lamina 1} ped.
diametro, saturate luride purpurea, nervis impressis, nervulis transversis Juncts.
Organa mascula cum femineis continua. Spadicis appendix pedalis et ultra,
basi lobulatus, luride purpureus, lente curvus,
PROTEINOPHALLUS Rivieri, Hook. f. :
AMORPHOPHALLUS Rivieri, Durieu in Rev. Hortic., 1870, p. 573; 1872, p. 19;
1873, pp. 305 et 344. Gard Chron., 1873, p. 610, cum Ic. xylog.
A. palmeeformis, Riv. MSS,
To Mr. Bull belongs the credit of importing and first
flowering in England the two most gigantic and singular
herbaceous Aroids known to us of late years, namely, the
Godwinia gigas (Tab. nost. 6048) and the subject of the present
plate. The latter plant, though hitherto figured only by an
uncoloured but excellent woodcut in the Gardener’s Chronicle,
is already well known to horticulturists as a hardy plant, suited
to open-air cultivation even in England—a fact strangely
inconsistent (if Nature can be inconsistent) with that of its
native climate being the eminently hot and humid one of
Cochin-China, whence it was introduced into Europe by M.
Riviére, jardinier-en-chef of the Luxemburg Palace Garden
in Paris.
I have been led, after careful consideration of the structure
of this plant, to reject it from Amorphophallus, a genus with
which I was well acquainted in India, and from which, except
in the form of the leaf, it differs greatly in habit, as it does in
certain floral characters. In Amorphophallus proper the spathe
is almost sessile, expanded almost from the base into an
irregularly-plaited, funnel-shaped limb, with a lobed lip all
round; the spadix is very short, with a deformed appendix
(whence the generic name); the style is very long and
slender, and the ovules have longer funicles. Schott, indeed, in
his “Synopsis Aroidearum,” would have excluded the present
plant from the subtribe Amorphopallidew, which he charac-
NovemsBer Ist, 1875.
terises by the spathe not being convolute below, and by the
ovules having Jong funicles, and would have included it
under that of Hydrosminee (an African group), with the
spathe convolute and tubular below, and the ovules attached
by a broad base. My impression is, however, that these sub-
tribes are not distinguishable as such. I have only further
to advert to the remarkable uniformity of leaf-structure in
these gigantic Aroids, that of Proteinophallus being not only
characteristic of the tribe Pythoniew, but occurring amongst
the Dracontiece in Godwinia, a genus as far removed as
_ possible from the Amorphophalli.
Descr. Root three to twelve inches in diameter, often weigh-
ing several pounds. Petiole eighteen inches high, as thick as the
finger, cylindric, mottled with brown; blade of leaf dark green,
two feet in diameter; 3-partite, the three principal divisions
shortly stalked, deltoid, deeply pinnatifid ; segments spread-
ing, oblong, again pinnatifid ; ultimate lobes ovate, acuminate,
convex, with a single costa and spreading lateral veins.
Flowering-stem produced before the leaf, nearly three feet
high and upwards of one inch in diameter, cylindric, strict,
very dark brownish-green, clothed at the very base with loose
erect spathes that are pale and mottled with greenish-brown.
Spathe with a conyolute tube six inches long and three in
diameter, limb nearly horizontal, orbicular, acuminate, four
feet in circumference, about 15-nerved, the nerves deeply
sunk and united by transverse venules; convolute portion
contracted at the top, pale green with very dark green
spots and purple edges; limb of spathe dark vinous
purple, with a green lustre; margins recurved, involute,
and as it were auricled at their meeting above the tube.
Spadiz almost twice as long as the spathe; female portion
two inches long and one and a quarter in diameter, cylindric,
densely clothed with greenish-purple ovaries; male portion
contiguous, three inches long, densely clothed with vertically
elongate anthers; appendix fifteen inches long; cylindric,
gradually tapering from the lobulate base to the acute tip,
irregularly marked with longitudinal depressions of the same
colour as the spathe. Anthers sessile, 2-celled, with two pores
vertically placed. Ovary globose, 2-3-celled ; style short but
distinct, stigma capitate 2-3-lobed; ovules one in each cell,
anatropous, attached to the placenta towards its base by a
broad face.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Root and leaf; 2, flowerin 1 size ; 3
: ; g stem, both one quarter the natural size ; %
inflorescence one half the natural size; 4, female nies ot spadix of the natural
size; 5, stamens : ‘ ig : .
aati fol. ens ; 6, grey ; 7, vertiee ; 8 and 9, transverse sections of ditto,
“Vincent Brodkes Day & Son tmp
Tas. 6196.
FERULA (EURYANGIUM) Sumsvt.
Native of Turkestan.
Nat. Ord, Umper.irer®.—Tribe PEUCEDANES, |
Genus Ferua, Linn, (Benth, et Hook. f., Gen. Plant, vol. i., p. 917).
Frervuta (Evryanarum) Sumbul ; elata, glauca, glabriuscula, caule stricto solido,
foliis radicalibus patulis rigidis pro planta parvis minute sparse puberulis
ambitu triangulari-deltoideis 3-pinnatim sectis, petiolo robusto lamina
breviore, vagina brevi, rachibus pinnarum basi incrassatis, pinnulis polli-
caribus cuneato-obovatis margine inferiore decurrente apices versus crenato-
lobulatis subpinnatifidisve pallide viridibus glaucisque, inflorescentie elon-
gate angustz ramis sparsis gracilibus alternis erecto-patentibus, umbellis
secus ramos alternis superioribusve oppositis crassiuscule pedunculatis,
bracteis ad basin ramorum et umbellarum ovato-v.-oblongo-lanceolatis flavis
membranaceis, umbellis 1-2 poll. diametro, exinvolu cratis, radiis 7-10,
umbellulis ad 20. floris radiis brevissimis, floribus parvis confertis flavis, calyce
obsoleto, petalis incurvis ovato-acuminatis, vittis 4 dorsalibus (in carpellis
immaturis) in valleculis solitariis maximis, 2 commissuralibus parvis.
EurYANGIuM Sumbul, Kauffmann in Nov. Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Mosc., v. xii.
(1871), p. 253, t. 24, 25; Flickiger et Hanbury, Pharmacop., p. 278.
Two roots of this fetid drug were received at Kew from
the Director of the Imperial Garden at Moscow in 1872, of
which one rotted, and the other, planted in the Herbaceous
ground amongst stones, and sheltered in winter, threw up
leaves in the first year, and in the second leaves and a
flowering stem nine feet high, from which materials the
accompanying plate was made in July last, after which the
whole plant died. :
Unfortunately, owing to the wetness of the season, the
flowers, which were copiously impregnated by bees, yielded
no ripe fruit, though the carpels continued to swell for several
days amid cloud and rain. The plant isa native of Turkestan,
where it inhabits mountains east of Samarkand, at an elevation
of 3000-4000 feet. It was there discovered by the celebrated
oe ae Fedschenko in 1869, who sent roots to Moscow in
2
According to Fliickiger and Hanbury’s admirable work
quoted above, the Sumbul plant here described—which 1s
remarkable for the fetid, musky, and milky juice of its root-—
was introduced into Russia in 1835 as a substitute for musk
and a remedy for cholera; thence it reached Germany in
1840 and England in 1850, where it was admitted into the
Pharmacopeeia in 1867. In commerce the root is imported in
transverse slices one to five inches in diameter, with a dry
Novemser Ist, 1875,
papery bark, resinous inner surface, and spongy farinaceous
central portion, which has a musky odour and bitter aromatic
taste. To us the odour of the root, whether fresh or dry, is
detestable, resembling putrid musk, and it is very penetrating
and durable. Another kind of Sumbul is alluded to by the
same authors as Indian Sumbul, it is described in Pereira’s
‘Elements of Materia Medica’; and a third has been im-
ported into England from China. Both these are of unknown
origin.
As a genusI cannot regard Zuryangium as separable from
Ferula, with which it agrees in habit, inflorescence, foliage,
flowers, and form of fruit ; it differs in the great size of the
solitary vitte. The vitte are, however, a most inconstant
character in Ferula, varying even in the same species ; and if
Narthex is included in it, so must also be Euryangium, as a
section at the most.
Descr. Root fusiform, a foot long, crowned with a tuft
of the bristly remains of old leaves, spongy within, and full
of fetid milk. Leaves puberulous, all radical, petioled ; petiole
a foot long; blade three feet in diameter, deltoid in outline,
3-pinnatifid, pale green, rachis of primary and secondary
segments terete, swollen at the base; ultimate pinnee laxly pin-
natifid, segments rhomboid-cuneate, obtusely crenate and cut
at the apex, pale green, glaucous beneath, nerves flabellate.
Stems trict, erect, solid above, nine feet high, terete, obscurely
striate, one inch in diameter at the base, bearing a few
scattered subsessile imperfect leaves. Inflorescence sparse,
elongate, oblong in outline; branches erecto-patent, alter-
nate, bearing alternate or rarely opposite compound umbels
one and a half to two and a half inches in diameter;
rachis and branches green; bracts at the axils linear-
oblong, membranous, subacute, yellow. Umbels of six to
eight rays. Jnvolucre none. Partial umbels one-quarter
to one-half inch in diameter, peduncles one-half to three-
quarters of an inch long. Flowers one-sixth of an inch
in diameter, crowded, very shortly pedicelled, outer herma-
phrodite, inner smaller. Calyz-teeth very obscure. Petals tri-
angular-lanceolate, yellow, incurved. Stamens seated around
a disk, filaments short, incurved Anthers yellow. Disk cup-
shaped, fleshy, with waved, almost sinuate margins. Stylo-
pods small, sunk in the disk; styles very short, recurved,
obtuse. Ovary with five very large vitte between the
dorsal ridges, and two small commissural ones.—J. D. H.
ae} aa Plant, much reduced ; 2, portion of leaf; 3, inflorescence of
6197
Vincent Brooks Day &5on bap
Tas. 6197.
CROCUS vxetucHensis.
Native of Greece and Transylvania.
Nat. Ord. I[rn1pE&.—Tribe Ix1Ez,
Genus Crocus, Tourn. (Baker in Gard. Chron., 1873).
Crocus veluchensis ; vernalis, cormo globoso tunicis fibrosis subtiliter reticulatis,
spatha basali nulla, foliis 3-6 synanthiis anguste linearibus albo-vittatis,
spatha propria bivalvi, perianthii tubo limbum duplo superante, fauce con-
colore pilosulo, segmentis 1-14 poll. longis obtusis violaceis spe apice albo
maculatis, antheris luteis filamentos albos superantibus vel equilongis,
stigmate aurantiaco ramis tribus clavato-petaloideis subintegris.
Crocus veluchensis, Herbert in Bot. Reg., v. 31, Misc., p. 72; Bot. Reg., v. 33,
tab. 4, fig. 4.; Journ. Hort.. Soc., New Series, v. 2., p. 274; Schur FU.
Transyl., p. 652.
C. thessalus, Boiss, et Sprun., Diag. Pl. Ortent., No. 13, p. 17.
C. exiguus, Schur Fl. Transyl,, p. 652.
_ Very near Crecus Sieberi (Tab. nost. 6036), from which
it mainly differs by the throat of the perianth being con-
colorous instead of bright yellow. It was discovered by
Signor Vrioni whilst collecting for the late Dean Herbert on
Mount Veluchi ( Tymphrestus), near the northern border of
Greece (not the Morea, as inadvertently stated by Herbert
in his final monograph of the genus in the Journal of the
Horticultural Society), and has since been found on the
Parnassus range, and in the mountains of Thessaly, Thrace,
and Transylvania. The abrupt white tip to the otherwise
purple perianth-segments, shown in the plant drawn in the
Botanical Register, is not a specific character. We have
lately received from Colonel Trevor Clarke a flower of @.
vernus with perfectly similar coloration.
C. veluchensis is still a very rare plant in cultivation. The
plate was drawn from specimens sent by the Rev. H. Harpur
Crewe, who received it from Herr Leichtlin. It flowers in
spring at the same time as vernus and Sieberi. :
Descr. Corms very small, globose, the outer tunics
made up of finely-reticulated fibres, like those of C. vernus
and Stieber’. Basal spathe absent. Leaves three to six,
produced at the same time as the flowers, narrow linear, with
November Isr, 1875,
a distinct white costal band. Proper spathe of two linear
valves, which reach to the top of the tube. Perianth-tube
two to three inches long, violet on the outside; throat con-
colorous, finely pilose; limb one to one and a half inch deep,
the divisions oblong-spathulate, obtuse, deep violet pale
violet or white, without any distinct striping. Stamens
reaching more than halfway up the limb. Anthers lemon-
yellow, equalling or exceeding the pilose white filaments.
Stigma orange-yellow, overtopping the anthers, the three
clavate-petaloid forks only fringed at the tips.— J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Fibres of tunic; 2, stigmas :—both magnified,
6798
5
g
a
te
W ¥
Vincent Brocks Day & Soniarp
Tas. 6198.
CARICA CANDAMARCENSIS.
Native of the Andes of Ecuador.
Nat. Ord. PassIFLOREZ.—Tribe PAPAYACE,
Genus Carica, Linn, (Benth, et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., v. i., p. 815).
CaRICA CANDAMARCENCIS; caule gracile stricto, foliis longe petiolatis subtus
petioloque molliter pubescenti-tomentellis ambitu orbiculatis profunde cor-
datis sinu basi rotundato ad medium fere 5-lobis, lobis latis 3-lobulatis,
lobulis ovatis oblongisve acuminatis, lobis basalibus extus auriculato-
lobulatis, superne glabris saturate viridibus nervis tomentellis venulis
impressis, subtus pallidis nervis validis prominentibus, corymbis axillaribus
breviter pedunculatis floribus monoicis terminali sepius foeminea ceteris
masculis, omnibus brevissime pedicellatis, calycis lobis triangulari-subulatis,
corolle viridis tubo } pollicari, lobis linearibus revolutis, staminibus fauce
tubi insertis biseriatis, filamentis crassis brevibus, antherarum loculis con-
nectivo incrassato apice abrupte subulato adnatis, fructibus oblongo-
obovoideis 5-locularibus apiculatis basi constrictis obscure et obtuse 5-gonis
inter angulos depressis.
C. candamarcensis, Hort, Belg.
The graceful little tree here described was raised from
seeds sent from the Ecuadorian Andes by the late Professor
Jameson, of Quito, to the late Mr. Hanbury, with whom it
flowered in an open border at Clapham in 1874. A speci-
men received from him again both flowered and fruited abun-
dantly at Kew during the past summer and autumn, in the
open air, where it was stood out after being brought into bud
im a greenhouse. According to Mr. Hanbury this is the
species mentioned by Mr. Spruce in his and M. de Mello’s
very learned and interesting paper on the Papayacee,
published in the Journal of the Linnean Society quoted
above, as the Chambiiru, or common Carica, of the Ecuado-
rian Andes, where it is cultivated up to an elevation of 9000
feet for the sake of its edible fruit, Mr. Spruce adds that
when he visited the mountain of Tunguragua in February,
1858, the ground was strewed with its ripe and rotting fruits,
which were smaller and sweeter than that of the common
Papaw, and were the favourite food of the bears that infest
the forests of that mountain. The trunk he describes as
being as stout as that of the common Papaw, and the leaves
even larger; the fruits as being 8-9 inches long, and some-
times nearly as broad; the flesh white (not yellow, as the
common Papaw), soft, and with a pleasant flavour, being
sometimes very acid in cool sites.
It will be seen from our drawing and description that, as
might be expected, the trunk is smaller with us than in Ecuador,
November Isr, 1875.
as also that the flesh is not white within, but yellow. I can vouch
for the delicious scent and grateful taste of the fruit, in both
which qualities it widely differs from the common Papaw,
which is not, in my opinion, worth cultivating for the dessert-
table, while this is so decidedly ; it, moreover, makes a much
handsomer greenhouse plant than the Papaw.
According to De Mello and Spruce, thirty-three or thirty-
five species of Carica (including Vasconcelle) are known to
them, of which upwards of twenty are Andean, and the rest
natives of other parts of tropical America.
The name Chambiiru is, according to Mr. Spruce, applied
to ail the larger-fruited Andean species. I have found no
authority for that of candamarcensis, under which specimens
have been received from Belgian nurseries.
Descr. Stem in our plants eight feet high, as thick at the
base as the fore-arm, strict, erect, tapering upwards, tomen-
tose at the top. eaves numerous, subterminal, spreading,
dark green above, pale beneath; petiole one to one and a half
feet long, strict, terete, horizontal, and as well as the blade
beneath and its nerves above densely clothed with fine, soft,
pale pubescence ; blade one and a half foot in diameter, nearly
circular in outline, 5-lobed to the middle, with the terminal
lobe slightly produced, deeply cordate at the base, where the
sinus is rounded at the petiole, but usually closed at a
distance from it by the overlapping lobules of the two basal
lobes; lobes palmately spreading, pinnatifid, 3-5-lobulate, the
ultimate divisions spreading, broadly oblong, suddenly acumi-
nate, entire or with an acute lobule or tooth on one or both
sides ; upper surface glabrous, shining, with yellowish ribs
and nerves, and sunk venules; lower surface with very stout
prominent ribs, nerves, and venules. Flowers green, pube-
scent, in very shortly peduncled axillary corymbs, almost
sessile on the peduncle. Calyz-lobes minute, subulate. Corolla-
tube one-third of an inch long, terete; lobes linear, revolute.
Stamens in two series at the mouth of the tube; anther-cells
linear, adnate to the face of the short thickened filaments ;
connective with an incurved subulate point. Fruct three
inches long and upwards, oblong-obovoid, apiculate, some-
what contracted at the base, obscure ; 5-angled, with hollowed
sides between the angles, bright golden yellow, very fragrant
and sweet, 5-celled. Seeds a quarter of an inch long, aril
transparent.
Fig. 1, Reduced plant ; 2, inflorescence ; 3, flower laid open; 4, two stamens;
and rudimentar ; 6, fruit - ‘ + -—all but figs-
2'and 6 magnified, y ovary; 6, fruit ; 7 and 8, seeds with aril :—al/ but fig
a
B
3
i
ze .
Vincent Brooks Day 8 Son imp
Tas. 6199.
DENDROBIUM AM@NUM.
Native of Nipal and Sikkim.
Nat. Ord. Orncuiprz.—Tribe DENDROBIER,
Genus Denpropium, Swartz (Lindl., Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 74).
DENDIOBIUM amanum; caulibus gracilibus elongatis pendulis teretibus foliiferis
viridibus, foliis laxis 3-4-pollicaiibus _lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis
vaginisque teretibus viridibus, caulibus floriferis multo longioribus aphyllis
teretibus ad nodos vix incrassatis, vaginis pallidis, internodiis 13- ad 2-polli-
caribus, floribus ad nodos solitariis v. in pendunculo communi perbrevi 2-3,
pedicellis gracilibus pollicaribus, ovario brevi, perianthio 2 poll. diametr. ex-
planato albo apicibus foliolorum purpureo-reseis, sepalis petalisque patenti-
recurvis convexis obtuse acuminatis, labello basi breviter conyoluto, limbo
cucullato obscure 3-lobo, marginibus undulatis, tubo intus flavo, limbo
subacuto intus pubescente marginibus erosis, calcare semi-pollicari recto
truncato.
D, ancenum, Wall. in Lindl, Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 79, et in Bot, Reg., 1874,
_Misc., p. 19; Reich. f. in Walp. Ann., V. Vi., P- 286.
? Limodorum aphyllum, Roxb. Cor. Pl., v. i. p. 84, t. 41.
? Cymbidium aphyllum, Swartz in Nov. Act. Ups., v. vi. p. 78, &e.:
Sp. Pl., v. iv., p. 100; Roxb, Fl. Ind., v. iii., p. 462.
Willd.
One of the earliest discovered, but latest imported species
of the magnificent and now enormous genus to which it
belongs; remarkable not only for its great beauty and
the delicacy of the colours and texture of its flowers, but for
its fragrance, which Wallich well described as exquisite, and
not unlike that of Olea fragrans. Whilst referring this te
D. amenum of Wallich, I must enter a caution as to its being
considered the Limodorum aphyllum of Roxburgh, which has
been referred to it by Lindley and others. In the first place,
Roxburgh’s plant comes from a very different locality,
namely, the Coromandel coast; in the second, it has no pink
colouring towards the tips of the perianth-segments ; 1n the
third place, the flowers are solitary; and in the fourth,
Roxburgh makes no mention of the sweet odour so character-
istic of this plant. There is a sketch of D. amcnum,
but of a form with a much narrower (perhaps unexpanded)
lip amongst Cathcart’s drawings of Sikkim plants preserved
in the Kew Library, and I find a flower of it in Lindley’s
Herbarium from Chatsworth, but no good specimens any-
NovEeMBER Ist, 1875.
where. I cannot but suspect its being a variety of
D. primulinum, together with the Coromandel plant and
other allied forms.
The specimen from which the accompanying drawing
was made was flowered by Mr. Bull, who received it from
the Himalaya (probably Sikkim), where it was found at an
elevation of 5000 feet. It flowered in June, 1874, in his.
nursery.
Descr. Stems pendulous, fascicled, one to two feet long,
slender, clothed with pale appressed sheaths; internodes
one and a half to two and a half inches long. Leaves three
to four inches long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, wavy}.
sheaths green. Flowers solitary, or two to three on a very
short common peduncle at each node of the flowering-stem,
two to two and a quarter inches in diameter ; pedicels very
slender, together with the very small ovary one inch long;
bracts minute, ovate, acute. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, sub-
acute, white, with a violet-purple blotch from the tip to one-
third way down; spreading and recuryed. Petals similar in
shape and colour, but broader. ip with a convolute tube,
expanding into a trumpet-shaped mouth and broadly ovate
limb that is minutely fimbriate round the edge; lateral
lobes hardly distinguishable from the broad subacute
terminal one, which is violet-purple, with three broad deeper-
coloured veins, and white margins; concavity of the lip
velvety and yellow, with a few purple streaks on each side ;
spur half an inch long, truncate. © Column yery short.—
J. Ds Hi:
Fig. 1, Pedicel, ovary, lip, and spore :—magnified.
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Tan, 6195.—PROTEINOPHALLUS RIVIERI.
,, 6196.—FERULA (EURYANGIUM) SUMBUL.
» 6197.—CROCUS VELUCHENSIS.
, 6198.—CARICA CANDAMARCENSIS.
,, 6199.—DENDROBIUM AM@NUM.
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W Fitch del et Lath
&
x
A
oS
fd
ms
2
3
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Tas. 6200.
CALOCHORTUS crrrinus.
Native of California.
Nat. Ord. LinaceE£,—Tribe ‘TULIPE#,
Genus CaLocnortus, Pursh. (Baker in Linn, Journ., vol. 14, p. 302).
CaLocuortus (Mariposa) citrinus ; bulbo oyoideo, caule corymboso 3-4-cephalo
basin versus furcato, foliis linearibus semipedalibus glauco-viridibus, floribus
suberectis, sepalis 14 poll longis lanceolatis dorso viridulis facie flavidis
prope basin maculatis, petalis bipollicaribus rotundato-cuneatis cuspidatis
citrinis, facie haud zonatis prorsus pilis purpureis decoratis, supra unguem
nudam foveola flavida dense barbata praeditis, genitalibus perianthio duplo
brevioribus, antheris cylindricis apiculatis filamento lanceolato zequilongis,
ovario clavato, stylis brevibus falcatis.
This is a fine new species of that section of the genus
Calochortus specially favoured by cultivators, which I have
followed Professor Wood in calling Mariposa. The species
known previously are C. venustus, Leichtlinit, Gunnison,
splendens, macrocarpus, and luteus. They all come from
either British Columbia, the Rocky Mountains, or California,
and, with care, are hardy in our London gardens. The
present plate was drawn from a plant which flowered last
summer with Mr. G. F, Wilson in a cool greenhouse at
Weybridge, the bulb of which was given to him by Mr.
Elwes. All the species of this section agree with one
another closely in their bulbs, leaves, and general habit.
This one has the large flowers and acute anthers of
C. splendens, but otherwise the flower is more like that of
a large specimen of C. duteus, with which it agrees in ground-
colour, but from which it differs considerably in decoration.
Descr. Bulb ovoid, under an inch thick, with a mem-
branous tunic. Stem a foot or a foot and a half high, firm,
terete, glaucous, 3-4-flowered, forked low down. Leaves
tolerably firm in texture, linear, glaucous, those from the
bulb half a foot long, those that subtend the branches similar
but smaller. Flowers permanently erect. Sepals an inch and
December Ist, 1875.
a half long, lanceolate, acuminate, greenish and naked on the
back, yellow on the face, with a small hairy brown spot near
the base. Petals round-cuneate, a couple of inches broad
and deep, rounded with a cusp on the outer border, bright
lemon-yellow, the claw naked, above the claw is a round,
conical, hairy yellow spot with a purple border, the rest of
the face is without any zone or blotch, but covered with
spreading purple, gland-tipped, bristly hairs. Stamens half
as long as the petals; filament erect, lanceolate; anthers
cylindrical, pale purplish-brown, apiculate, diverging, one-_
half to five-eighths inch long; pollen pale brown. Ovary
clavate, under an inch long; stigmas short, falcate.——
J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, pistil; 3, gland-tipped hair from the face of the petal :—
all magnified.
6207
ic A nal dubhe eae AEE
Vineent Brooks Day & Sat inp
sz
ef
3
:
Tas. 6201.
DIURIS axa.
Native of New South Wales.
Nat. Ord. OrcHIpDEZ,—Tribe NEOTTIE.
Genus Diuris, Smith; (Benth., Fl. Austral., vol. vi., p. 324).
Divats alba; tuberibus lobatis, caule gracillimo, foliigs paucis anguste linearibus
gramineis acuminatis concavis, floribus 2-3, sepalo dorsali late ovato obtuso
concavo albo, lateralibus deflexis dorsali 2-3-plo longioribus anguste
linearibus obtusis viridibus linea media fusco-purpurea, petalis sepalo dor-
sali longioribus unguiculatis ovatis obtusis albis ungue fusco-purpureo,
labelli lobis lateralibus subquadratis unidentatis intermedio multo majore
_trulliformi pallide roseo, carinis 2 a basi ad medium elevatis crassiusculis
purpureo-punctulatis, staminodiis falcatis dentatis columnam brevem vix
superantibus.
D. alba, Br., Prodr., p. 316; Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orchid., p. 509; Benth, Fl.
Austral., vol. vi., p. 325.
The beauty of the terrestrial Orchids in the Australian
Colonies is proverbial. In spring and summer the meadows
are in many places enamelled with them, and it is no unusual »
thing to find thirty or forty species in a comparatively limited
area, comprised under the genera Diuris, Thelemytra, Praso-
phyllum, Glossodia, and Pterostylis, and in such quantities
that bouquets may be made of them in any number, and I feel
assured that in no other part of the world mayso many different
forms of Orchids be found in a given small area as in the
Australian Colonies. Unfortunately, though easily procured
and transported to Europe, they are cultivated there with great
difficulty, flowering once only, if at all, and disappearing for
ever after, a result probably due to our uncongenial seasons.
- Of Diuris (of which the species figured is one of the least
attractive kinds) but one species has been figured from speci-
mens flowered in England, namely, the D. maculata (Tab.
nost. 3156), though nearly a dozen other widely distributed
species, some of great beauty, remain to be introduced.
D. alba is most closely allied to, if not a slender variety
of D. punctata, Sm., differing in the flower not being lilac and
spotted all over. It has also a more northern range, from New
DEcEMBER Ist, 1875,
South Wales to Rockingham Bay, whereas D. punctata ranges
from the former district southward to Victoria; the flowers
are usually much smaller than those here figured, but Clarence
Bay specimens have them quite as large. The plant figured
here flowered in August last in the open border from tubers
sent by Thos. Moore, F.L.S., Director of the Sydney Botanic
Garden. a
Duscr. Tubers as large as nuts, lobed. Stem eight to
sixteen inches high, slender. eaves shorter than the stem,
usually two only, sometimes one or none, very narrow, linear,
concave; sheaths about two, loose or appressed. Bracts
two inches long, erect, acuminate, loosely sheathing. Fowers
about two, very variable in size, two-thirds to three and a half
inches in diameter from the tips of the petals to those of the
lateral sepals. Dorsal sepals ovate, obtuse, concave, white :
lateral deflexed, sometimes two and a half inches long, green
with a brown-purple central stripe. Pedals clawed, ovate,
white, the claw brown-purple with white edges. Lip with
two small subquadrate toothed lateral, and a large trapezoid
mid-lobe, pale rosy-coloured or nearly white; disk with two
raised lobed keels that are speckled with red. Staminodes
falcate. Column very short.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower with sepals and petals removed :—magnified.
B
%
5
oe
Tas. 6202.
GLADIOLUS CooPeRI.
Native of Natal and the Cape.
Nat. Ord. Irntpacez.—Tribe GLADIOLEZ.
Genus GLapIoLus, Linn, (Klatt in Linnea, vol. 32, p. 689).
GLaDIoLus Cooperi; bulbo globoso membranaceo-tunicato, foliis ensiformibus
glabris acuminatis subcoriaceis valide nervatis, radicalibus sesquipedali-
bus, scapo robusto bipedali crebre bracteato, spica pedali laxe 8-12-flora,
bracteis lanceolatis acuminatis, exterioribus 3-4 poll. longis, floribus arcuato-
ascendentibus, tubo flavido anguste infundibulari 23-3 poll. longo, limbi
rubro-lutei segmentis tribus superioribus sub conformibus obovato-spathu-
latis acutis 1}-2 poll longis, tribus inferioribus multo minoribus lanceolatis
acutis, genitalibus arcuatis perianthio triente brevioribus,
When Mr. Thomas Cooper was travelling in South Africa
on behalf of Mr. Wilson Saunders, he paid special attention
to these ensiform-leaved Gladioli, of the group of which @.
cardinalis and G. psittacinus are the familiar garden repre-
sentatives. He discovered, or at any rate brought into
notice in Europe, no less than three very striking new species,
of all of which bulbs were sent home and duly and success-
fully cultivated at Reigate, so that they all are now esta-
blished as inhabitants of our gardens, enlarging materially
the groundwork upon which hybridisers can carry forward
their experiments. Of these we have already figured G.
Saunders, Tab. 5873, and G. dracocephalus, Tab. 5884, and
this is the third. It has now been spread about in gardens
for several years, but has never been botanically named or
described. The plate was drawn from a specimen that
flowered at Kew in September 1872. We have dried
specimens in the Kew Herbarium from Natal, from Krauss
and Gueinzius, and from Somerset, from Mrs. Barber. In
the very decided inequality of the three upper as compared
with the three lower perianth-lobes, it is most like G.
_ psittacinus, Bot. Mag., Tab. 3032, from which it differs by its
longer tube and spathe-valves, and decidedly acute perianth-
lobes.
DeceMBeER Ist, 1875,
Dxscr. Bulb globose, with membranous tunics. Radi-
cal leaves about half-a-dozen, developed in a distichous rosette,
erect, ensiform, glabrous, acuminate, a foot or a foot and a
half long by an inch broad, glaucous-green, with very strong
raised ribs. Scape stout, terete, two feet high, closely
bracteated by reduced leaves. Lzpanded spike a foot long,
of eight to twelve arcuate-ascending flowers. Spathe-valves
firm, green, lanceolate, acuminate, the outer three to four
inches long, the inner one rather shorter and narrower.
Perianth-tube a narrow, yellowish-green funnel, two and a
half to three inches long. Limb with close, purple-red,
anastomosing, vertical lines on a yellowish groundwork, the
three upper segments similar in size and shape, obovate-
spathulate, decidedly acute, one and a half to two inches
long by an inch broad, the two outer reflexed at the tip
when the flower is fully expanded, the inner one permanently,
falcate ; three lower segments plain yellow or little striped
with red, an inch long, lanceolate, acute, reflexing. ent-
tala arching, two-thirds as long as the limb; anthers cylin-
drical, purplish-yellow, half an inch long; stigmatic lobes
oblanceolate, spreading.— J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Anther and top of filaments ; 2, stigmas and upper part of style :—
both magnified,
620,
"03.
“Tan, 6208.
DECABELONE Barxtryt.
Native of Little Namaqualand, S. Africa.
Nat. Ord, ASCLEPIADACE®,—Tribe STaPELIE®,
Genus DECABELONE, Dene. (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant, vol. ii, p. 784, ined, ;
Bot. Mag., 6115).
DECABELONE Barklyi; caulibus ramisque crasso-carnosis cactiformibus angulato-
costatis, costis sxepissime ad 12 spinosis, spinis tenuibus erectis setis late-
ralibus duabus deflexis armatis, corona staminea duplici. exteriore tubo
stamineo affixa in lobos 10 filiformes apice globuliferos subequales divisa,
interiore squamis apicem versus attenuatis antheris adfixis squamulis brevibus
bifidis interpositis,
DECaBELONE Barklyi, Dyer, MSS.
Under Tab. 6115 it was mentioned that the Royal Gar-
dens, Kew, possessed specimens both living and in spirit, as
well as drawings and analyses, from H. E. Sir Henry Barkly,
Dr. Shaw, and Mrs. Barber, of a second species of Decabelone
from Little Namaqualand. As was stated there it is closely
allied to D. elegans, the flowers being extremely similar, but
the branches have nearly twice the number of angles; and
the two lateral sete of the spines are more slender and de-
flexed instead of erect.
The first discovery of this interesting plant is due to H. E.
Sir H. Barkly, who sent a sketch of the plant in J anuary, 1874,
having found it three years previously growing in the Karoo,
near the Orange River. Shortly after Dr. Shaw, who, as well
as M‘Lea, had found it in the same locality, sent to Kew
Specimens in spirit, and a careful analysis. Not having seen
the description of Decabelone, Dr. Shaw rightly recognised
the generic distinctness of the plant from other Stapeliew, and
proposed that it should constitute a new genus, to be named
in honour of the Governor of the Cape. I have endeavoured,
as far as the specific name will allow, to give effect to Dr.
Shaw’s wishes. :
The present plate is partly founded upon a fine drawing
for which Kew is indebted to Mrs. Barber, partly upon speci-
DecemBer Ist, 1875.
mens which flowered at Kew during the past year, and which
were sent by Sir H. Barkly. :
Duscr. Stems succulent, leafless, ceespitose, three to six
inches high, with ten to twelve strongly marked angles fur-
nished with processes each bearing one erect and two lateral
deflexed slender white spines. Flowers borne asin D. elegans,
occasionally two on a common peduncle, suberect ; pedicels
one-third to one-half inch. Calyx 5-lobed, lobes quarter of
an inch long, linear-deltoid. Corolla two to three inches
long, narrowly campanulate, tube slightly curved, marked
much as in D. elegans ; lobes deltoid, very acute, with occa-
sionally an intermediate tooth. Staminal-crown double ;
exterior of ten similar segments connate at the base and
slightly united in pairs, tapering into filiform, capitate, dark
violet processes; interior of ten dissimilar processes, five
slender and adnate to the anthers, upon which they are
incumbent as in D. elegans, five alternating with these and
one-third as long, broadly deltoid, and bifid. Amthers as in
D. elegans.—W. 1. T. D.
Fig. 1, Section through exterior staminal-crown, showing andreecium viewed
from above (magnified) ; 2, portion of staminal-crown viewed from within, on the
right of the figure the place of attachment is shown of two anthers which have
been removed, on the left an anther the form of » hich has been accidentally dis-
torted by the lithographer ; 3, pair of pollen-masses viewed from above (mag-
nified),
|
8
3
a
r
W
.
Vincent Brooks Day & Son inp
Tas. 6204.
PERNETTYA PENTLANDII.
Native of the Andes of South America.
‘
Nat. Ord. Ericace®.—Tribe ARBUTE.
Genus Pernetrya, Gaud. (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol, ii., p. 582 ined.),
PERNETTYA Pentlandii; fructiculus ramosissimus, ramulis sparse setulosis glabrisve,
foliis confertis breviter petiolatis ovatis acutis non mucronatis serrulatis
rigide coriaceis supra levibus, siccis subtus rugulosis, pedicellis axillaribus
1-floris foliis brevioribus y. longioribus glabris puberulis v. setulosis,
bracteolis parvis situ variis, calycis lobis ovatis acutis fructiferis dorso
tumidis carnosis ciliolatis, corolla globoso-ovoidea glabra, bacea pisiformi.
ri errr DC., Prodr., vol. vii., p. 587 ; Wedd., Chlor. Andin., vol. ii., p. 170,
eb yds Cs
P.’angustata et P. parvifolia, Benth., Pl. Hartweg, p. 219.
? P. purpurea, D. Don, ex. G. Don. Gen. Syst., vol. iii., p. 837; DC., Le.
A little evergreen shrub, a native of the temperate and
colder regions of the higher Cordilleras from Venezuela to
Chili, ascending to near the limit of perpetual snow, and
varying greatly in stature, habit, and size of leaf. The form
figured here approaches to the var. parvifolia of Weddel
(P. parvifolia, Benth.), which inhabits the Andes of Ecuador,
as Pichincha and Cotopaxi, and has smaller leaves and short
pedicels.
The curious intumescence of the back of the fruiting sepals
of this species is a remarkable character, not noticed by any
author, and perhaps not. constant; it is worthy of remark,
however, as showing a tendency to Gaultheria, in which the
enlarged baccate fruiting calyx embraces the capsule, and in
which genus the capsule becomes baccate in a few species,
and thus shows a tendency towards the structure of
Pernettya. In fact, except by the characters of the fruiting
calyx and fruit, these two genera are not distinguishable.
They have, however, very different geographical ranges,
Pernettya being, with the exception of an anomalous Tas-
manian species, confined to and abounding in the South Ameri-
can Alps, whereas (waltheria, though equally or even more
abundant on the Andean Pernettya region, extends to New
Zealand, Australia, the Malayan Archipelago, and Indian Alps.
December Ist, 1875.
Pernettya Pentlandii was raised by J. Anderson Henry,
F.L.S., from seeds sent from an elevation of 14,000 feet on
the Quitonian Andes by his and our late correspondent,
Dr. Jameson ; it flowered in June, fruited in November, and
proved quite hardy at Trinity Lodge, Edinburgh.
Descr. A rigid, branched, small shrub. Branches and
branchlets angled, setulose or glabrous, leafy. Leaves
crowded or sparse, two-thirds of an inch long and under,
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, serrulate, not mucronate or
pungent, glabrous, very coriaceous, shining, rugose beneath
when dry ; petiole very short; young ciliate-toothed. Flowers
solitary, axillary, drooping; pedicels puberulous, longer or
shorter than the leaves, red; bracteoles minute, few, scattered.
Calyz-lobes ovate, acute, tumid and fleshy, but not other-
wise much enlarged in fruit. Corolla one-third of an inch
long, white, ovoid-globose; teeth minute, recurved. Sta-
mens ten, filaments puberulous, dilated at the base ; anthers
_ with four short bristles. Berry the size of a large pea,
dark blue-purple—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, portion of branch, leaf, pedicel, and flower ; 2, stamens ; 3, ovary
and disk ; 5, fruit; 6, the same cut across transversely :—all magnified.
6205
1 et Gath
£
W Fitch a
ks Day & Sonim
0
0
Tas. 6205.
CALATHEA LEUCOSTACHYS.
Native of Costa Rica.
Nat. Ord. CANNACEA.
Genus CaLaTuea, Meyer; (Endl., Gen.-Plant., p. 227).
CALATHEA leucostachys; tenuiter molliter villosa, caule robusto, foliis elliptico-
oblongis utrinque rotundatis apice apiculatis sessilibus v. breviter et crasse
petiolatis supra viridibus subtus costa excepta glabris sanguineo-pur-
pureis, pedunculo brevi robusto, spica 3-5-pollicari, bracteis longe villosis
subacute imbricatis tubo campanulato stramineo, lamina dilatata ampla
recurva latiore quam longa, floribus inclusis albis brevissime pedicellatis,
sepalis lineari-oblongis acutis pilosis tubum corollz squantibus, corolle
limbi segmentis subzequalibus oblongis subacutis valde concavis, labello
petalis consimili, staminodiis petaloideis marginibus crispatis inflexis, anthera
parva mucronata.
This is another fine Central American species of Calathea
introduced by Messrs. Veitch, to whom also is due the credit
of introducing the C. tubispatha (Tab. nost. 5542) and C@.
Veitchiana (Tab. 5535). As a species the present comes
nearest the C. Warzewiczii, Klotzsch, (Regel Gartenflora,
1866, t. 575), especially in the form and colour of the spike,
bracts, and flowers, but differs wholly in habit, in being much
more villous, and in the sessile or subsessile broader leaves.
The cultivated species of Calathea are now very nu-
merous, and from their perenenial and _highly-coloured
foliage are deservedly most desirable plants for moist stove
cultivation. As many as thirty-four species, exclusive of
varieties, are enumerated in the “ Supplementum ad indicem
Seminum Ann. 1868, Hort. Bot. Imp. Petrop,” as being
under cultivation in European gardens, and judging from the
extent of the genus in our herbarium, many more are yet
to be introduced. /
Calathea leucostachys flowered in Mr. Veitch’s establish-
ment at Chelsea in October, 1874, from plants sent from
Costa Rica by Mr. Endres.
Descr. Whole plant more or less villous, except the
under-surface of the leaf, of which the midrib only is so;
DeceMBeER Ist, 1875.
hairs long, soft, spreading, but not matted. Szem short, twelve
to eighteen inches high. eaves six to ten inches long,
sessile or with short stout petioles, elliptic-oblong, rather
variable in breadth, tip rounded and apiculate, base also
rounded, rarely subcordate, upper surface deep green, under
dark red-purple ; principal nerves ten to twenty pair; sheaths
appressed, green. Spike three inches long and upwards,
cylindric-ovoid; peduncle very robust, short. Bracts
softly villous, rather closely imbricate; tube three-quarters
of an inch long, campanulate, pale yellow ; blade spreading,
recurved or almost revolute, white, much broader than long.
Flowers hardly exceeding the bracts, sessile, white. Sepals _
pilose, upwards of an inch long, linear-oblong, acute, con-
cave. Corolla-tube equalling the sepals, slender; limb one
half an inch long; segments oblong, acute, very concave,
nearly equal. Staminodes petaloid, with incurved crisped
margins. Anther small, acute. Stigma broad on a stout,
curved, torulose style.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2 and 3, top of corolla-tube with its segments removed,
showing the staminodes in position; 4, the same laid open, showing the style
and anther :—all magnified,
—— 3
Pi.
6182
6170
6143
6205
6200
6198
6153
61838
6194
6141
6162
6168
6176
6187
6197
6175
6161
62038
6189
6199
6165
6174
6184
6186
6169
6201
6145
6181
6150
6140
6196
6148
6160
INDEX
To Vol. XXXI. of the Turrp Strms, or Vol. CI. of
the Work.
£4.
Allium narcissi florum. 6166
Balbisia verticillata. | 6202
Blumenbachia Chuquitensis. | 6151
Calathea leucostachys. | 6164
Calochortus citrinus. 6192
Carica candamarcensis. 6142
Colchicum luteum. 6167
Columellia oblonga. | 6146
Crassula Bolusii.
Crocus byzantinus. | 6152
Crocus chrysanthus. | 6159
Crocus Crewei. 6171
Crocus minimus. 6190
Crocus Boryi.
Crocus veluchensis.
Cypripedium Arcus.
Cyrtopera sanguinea.
Decabelone Barklyi.
Delphinium Cashmirianum.
Dendrobium amoenum.
Dichorisandra Saundersii.
Dietes Huttoni.
Dion Edule.
Draba Mawii.
Dracena Smithii.
Diuris alba.
Epidendrum syringothyrsis.
Eranthemum _hypocrateri-
forme.
Erythrotis Beddomei.
Eucalyptus cornuta.
Ferula (Euryangium) Sumbul.
Fourcroya Selloa.
Fourcroya undulata.
|| 6178
6179
6144
| 6163
6193
6157
6204
6156
6185
- 6195
6158
| 6149
6154
6177
6191
6180
6173
6147
6172
6155
6188
Galanthus Elwesii.
Gladiolus Cooperi.
Gustavia gracillima.
Hemicheena fruticosa.
Heteranthera limosa.
Jamesia Americana.
Kniphofia Macowani.
Lilium Canadense, var. par-
vum.
Masdevallia chimera.
Masdevallia peristeria.
Masdevallia Estrade.
Masdevallia Davisii.
Mertensia alpina.
Michelia Januginosa.
Odontoglossum maxillare.
Odontoglossum Warscewiczii.
Oxalis arenaria.
Pentstemon antirrhinoides.
Pernettya Pentlandii.
Phyllocactus biformis.
Primula Parryi.
Proteinophallus Rivieri.
Pyrus prunifolia.
Senecio macroglossus.
Theropogon pallidus.
Tulipa Greigi.
Tulipa Eichleri.
Typhonium Brownii.
Vanda Jimbata.
Veronica pinguifolia.
Viburnum sandankwa.
Wahlenbergia tuberosa.
Wahlenbergia Kitaibelii.
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» 6201.—DIURIS ALBA.
,, 6202.—GLADIOLUS COOPERI.
,, 6203.—DECABELONE BARKLYI.
,» 6204.—PERNETTYA PENTLANDIL
6205.—CALATHEA LEUCOSTACHYS,
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