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ARRANGEMENTS FOR 1876.
EXHIBITION OF SPRING FLOWERS.
WEDNESDAYS, Marce 29; Apgiz 26.
EXHIBITION OF CLEMATIS,
From GEORGE JackMAN and Sox, Woking Nursery, Surrey.
DAILY, May 1 to May 23.
SUMMER EXHIBITIONS OF PLANTS.
WEDNESDAYS, May 24; Junz 21.
SPECIAL EVENING FETE.
WEDNESDAY, Juty 5.
PROMENADES,
EVERY WEDNESDAY in Mar, June, Jucy, and the first two WEDNESDAYS
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LECTURES.
In the Museum, at 4 o’clock precisely.
FRIDAYS, May 12, 19, 26; Junz 2, 9, 16, 23, 30,
Vincent. Brooks Day &Son imp
Tas. 6206.
CUCUMIS sativus, var. SIkKIMENSIS.
Cultivated in the Himalaya Mountains.
Nat. Ord. Cucurbrrace£,—Tribe CUCUMERINES.
Genus Cucumis, Linn. (Benth, et Hook. f., Gen. Plant, vol. i., p. 826).
Cucumis sativus, Linn., Naudin in Ann. Se. Nat., ser. 4, vol. xi., p. 27.
Var. Sikkimensis, fractu clavato cylindraceo v. obtuse 3-gono levi v. obscure
pustulato colore ochreo plagis parvis brunncis densissime tessellato, pla-
centis 3-5, carne albo,
Concombre de Sikkim, Nawd., I.c., 28.
This singular form of the common Cucumber, though very
commonly cultivated in the Eastern Himalaya Mountains,
appears never to have been noticed horticulturally or botani-
cally till I found it in Sikkim in 1848, and whence I brought
drawings and specimens to England. These were described
by M. Naudin in 1859, in his essay on the species and
varieties of Cucumis in the “ Annales des Sciences Naturelles,”
under the name of Concombre de Sikkim, and he says of it
that it is the most remarkable variety of the common
Cucumber known to him, whether for the length or for the
bulk of its fruit, which I have found to attain one and a
quarter foot in length and a girth of fifteen inches. It is
grown in all parts of the Sikkim and in the Nepal Himalaya,
up to 5000 feet elevation, in prodigious quantities. It ripens
in July and August, or carlier at lower elevations, when the
fruits are sold in the markets and eaten raw by the natives
of all ages, as well as cooked. So abundant were they in the
year 1848, that for days together I saw gnawed fruits lying
by the natives’ paths by thousands, and every man, woman,
and child seemed engaged throughout the day in devouring
them. How far westward its cultivation extends I do not
know; Mr. Hodgson informed me that it was as common in
Central Nepal as in Sikkim, but curiously enough I find no
notice of it in Royle’s exhaustive work on the useful plants
of the Western Himalaya, though he mentions the Cucumber
as being commonly cultivated.
January Ist, 1876.
The Sikkim Cucumber was first fruited in England by
Major Trevor Clarke, who believed that he had fertilised it
with the pollen of the Telegraph Cucumber. By some
blunder, perhaps owing to the Melon-like appearance of
Major Trevor Clarke’s fruit, which was sent to Kew, and from
which plants were raised, it is described in the ‘ Gardener’s
Chronicle” (1875, vol. iv., p. 206-7.) as a hybrid between the
Melon and the Cucumber—a cross which has never been
effected. On its fruiting at Kew shortly afterwards, I recog-
nised it as my Sikkim plant, and the statement as to its hybrid
origin was corrected in a succeeding number of the Chronicle
(1875, vol. iv., p. 303). It flowered in the Tropical Economic
House in July, and the fruit ripened in August, when it
attracted great attention from its size, singular form, and
colour. The English-grown specimens have three placentas,
but five was as common a number in Sikkim, and I have
observed a tendency in old fruits to split longitudinally into
three or five fleshy pieces.
In connection with this subject I may mention here that
the origin of the common Cucumber, which is supposed to be
unknown, is in all probability the C. Hardwickii, Royle, of
the Himalaya Mountains, which inhabits the sub-tropical
region of the range from Kumaon to Sikkim. This opinion,
founded on specimens gathered by myself in the latter country,
is also adopted by M. Naudin, upon the same materials
(Ann. Se. Nat., le., p. 30). The flowers and leaves of the
two plants are almost identical, but the fruit of @. Hardwickij
is small, smooth, and very bitter ; it is, however, striped with
white and green, a very usual character with the Sikkim
cultivated Cucumbers,
Some cultivated Ceylon forms of Cucumber, of which Dr.
Thwaites has supplied me with drawings, approach those of
the Concombre de Sikkim, but are much smaller, are striped
with green-and yellow-brown, and the mottling is not so
tessellated.—J. D. I.
Fig. 1, Calyx of @ laid open, and stigmas; 2, calyx of: ? Wid gue aad
stamens both magnified, eee : Yy ¢$ laid open,
6207
comew
i NT NI
Se,
Vincent Brocks Bay & Son imp
Witch del et lath
Tas. 6207.
NICOTIANA TasacuM, var. FRUTICOSA,
Introduced from Guinea and the Brazils.
Nat. Ord. SoLANZCEx,—Tribe CESTRINE”,
Genus Nicotiana, Linn. (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol. ii., p. 906 ined.).
Nicotiana Tabacum, var. fruticosa, glutinoso-pubescens, caule erecto robusto sim-
pliciusculo folioso basi frutescente, foliis sessilibus panduriformi-lanceolatis
acuminatis semiamplexicaulibus, inferioribus basi auriculatis, marginibus
basin versus obscure undulatis v, sinuatis, floribus paniculatis pedicellatis,
bracteis linearibus, calycibus }-3-pollicaribus ovoideis 5-fidis, lobis erectis
acuminatis, corolla infundibulari pallide rosea limbi 5-fidi lobis triangularibus
acutis, capsula ovoidea calycem superante, seminibus fere levibus, :
N, fruticosa, Linn. Sp. Pl, vol. i., p. 258; Lehm. Nicot., p. 23; Dunal in DC,
Prod., vol, xiii., pars 1, p. 558,.
Nicotiana foliis lanceolatis acutis, &c., Mill. Gard. Dict.; Figures, t. 185, fig. 1.
A very little known plant, though introduced into Eng-
land in the middle of last century, and admirably figured by
Philip Miller, F.R.S., Gardener to the Apothecaries Company’s
Botanic Garden at Chelsea, in his fine folio work illustrative
of “the most Beautiful, Useful and Uncommon Plants pub-
lished in his ‘ Gardener’s Dictionary.’” Miller describes it as
growing naturally in Guinea, whence he received the seeds,
and as being cultivated in the Brazils and sent to Europe
under the name of ‘ Sweet-scented Tobacco.” Dunal, in
De Candolle’s “ Prodromus,” gives the Cape of Good Hope as
its native country on the authority of Linnus, where, how-
ever, no species of the genus has been found in a wild state.
For my own part I cannot doubt its being a native of South
America, as are all the Tabacum group, and that it has been
from thence introduced into Africa and probably elsewhere.
I regret to say that I do not know whence our Kew plant was
derived ; it appeared amongst a miscellaneous set of Tobaccos
grown for exhibition in the Economic House, and is supposed
to have been sown as Latakia Tobacco from Syria. There are
in the Kew Herbarium two cultivated specimens named J.
fruticosa—one no doubt the true plant, from Gouan’s
JANvARY Ist, 1876,
Herbarium ; and the other, from the St. Petersburg Botanic
Garden, has slender petioles, a character ascribed to the
species by Dunal, but at variance with Miller’s figure and
description and with our plants, Miller describes it as
annual, growing four or five fect high ; but our plant, being
in a cool house, has survived the last and will, I think, sur-
vive this winter. JV. fruticosa differs from NV. Tabacum only in
the shrubby base of its stem and its narrower leaves, and
I think, as Linneeus did, it is a variety of the common
Tobacco, which it resembles in habit and inflorescence. The
type specimen in the Linnean Herbarium, however, ap-
proaches the ordinary form of WV. Tabacum more closely
than either the present plant or that figured by Miller.
It flowered in September in a cool greenhouse, the plant
being two feet high.
Duscr. Stem two feet high and upwards, clammily pubes-
cent, as is the whole plant, stout, erect, simple, woody at the
base. Leaves a foot long and under, sessile, panduriform-
lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, the upper semiamplexicaul,
the lower auricled at the base, margins slightly waved, chiefly
towards the base. Flowers in terminal panicles, pedicelled,
inclined ; bracts linear. Calyx ovoid, 5-cleft, one-third to
two-thirds of an inch long, lobes acuminate. Corolla-tube
twice as long as the calyx; limb one to one and a quarter
inch broad, pale rose-coloured; lobes broad, acute. Capsule
exceeding the calyx, ovoid. Seeds minute, very obscurely
reticulate.—J. D. ZH.
Fig. 1, Corolla laid open ; 2, pistil :—doth magnified.
Tas. 6208.
MASDEVALLIA EPHIPPIUM.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. Orncuipea,—Tribe PLEUROTHALLIDES,
Genus MASDEVALLIA, Ruiz et Pav, (Lindl., Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 192).
MASDEVALLIA Ephippium; foliis cum petiolo 5-7 pollicaribus, lamina anguste
elliptico-oblonga obtusa apice recurvo in petiolum validum breviorem
angustata, medio superne canaliculato et subtus valide costato, nervis
lateralibus 2, scapo valido triquetro folia longe superante, bractea obovata
compressa complicata apiculata, sepalo dorsali parvo rotundato in caudam
flexuosam 5-pollicarem reflexam abrupte angustato flavo, lateralibus in
laminam cymbiformem costatam rufo-castaneam cuneatis, apicibus in caudas
4-pollicares flavas basi contiguas dein divaricatas abrupte angustatis, petalis
columnam vix superantibus late linearibus apice 3-dentatis, labello ungui-
culato, lamina oblonga apiculata brunneo-maculata, ungue apici 2-auriculata.
M. Ephippium, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit., 1873, p. 390; Xenia Orchid., vol. ii.,
p. 213, t. 195; Gard, Chron., 1874, p. 372.
M. Trochilus, Lind. et André, Rev. Hortic., t. 180.
Dr. Reichenbach, to whom I am indebted for the references
to this species, observes of it that it is a highly curious one ;
and it is indeed very different from any hitherto figured in
this work, especially in the lateral sepals, that form a deeply
concave bowl-shaped body, of a remarkable rufous-brown
colour, and are thoroughly united even to the base of their
long tail-like tips, which curve away from one another in a
singular manner. The inside of the united sepals is, more-
over, traversed by five corrugated ribs or keels, that meet at
the apex of the body, leaving deep concavities between them.
I am indebted to Mr. J. T. Barber, of the Old Hall,
Spondon, Derby, for the opportunity of figuring this fine
species, which he sent to Kew in March last, with the infor-
mation that it was grown in a house with a day temperature
of 65 deg. Fahr., and a night one of 52 deg. to 60 deg., and
was watered but sparingly, a flower having been spoil
previously by over-watering. Dr. Reichenbach states that it
was first discovered at Loxa by the late Dr. Krause, who sent
i Messrs: Backhouse, and that it has subsequently been
ANVARY Ist, 1876.
obtained from Antioquia and Medellin by Mr. Wallis and
others.
Drscr. A remarkably robust species. eaves, with the
petiole, 5-7 inches long; blade, 1-14 inch in diameter; nar-
rowly elliptic-oblong, with an obtuse recurved tip; 3-nerved,
grooved down the centre above, with a strong midrib and two
lateral nerves beneath ; base narrowed into the petiole, which
is 2-3inches long. Pedunele a foot high, very stout, flexuous,
sharply 3-4-angled ; bracts 1 inch long, obovate, complicate,
compressed, apiculate. lower nearly a foot long, from the
tip of the upper to that of either lateral sepal. Upper sepal
small, § inch in diameter, orbicular, yellow with faint brown
cloudings, suddenly contracted into a long reflexed yellow
slender tail. Lateral sepals cuneate, with a deep boat-shaped,
almost hemispheric chestnut-brown cup, 14 inch in length
and 1 inch in diameter, with 5 ridges, which are green out-
side, but deeper and wrinkled within; tips of the sepals
cuneate at the base, then diverging, 5 inches long, yellow.
Petals straight, broadly linear, 3-toothed at the tip, rather
longer than the column. zp very small, red-brown, and
speckled ; claw stout, straight, as long as the oblong, apiculate,
toothed blade, at the base of which are two lobules.—
J. D. H
Fig. 1, Flower with a lateral sepal removed ; 2, column and petal ; 3, lip :—
ah magnified,
Tas. 6209.
BLANDFORDIA rramuna, var. princers. ia
Native of New South Wales.
Nat. Ord. LirrAceEa.—Tribe HEMEROCALLIDE.
Genus BLANDFORDIA, Smith (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xi., p. 364).
BLANDFoRDIA flammea, var. princeps ; foliis distichis anguste linearibus, venis
exsculptis 6-8, marginibus distincte serrulatis, caule pedali foliis depauperatis
bracteato, corymbo 4-10-floro, bracteis parvis lanceolatis, pedicellis ascen-
dentibus 1-2 poll. longis, perianthio splendide coccineo 23 poll, longo
regulariter infundibulari, segmentis luteis ovato-deltoideis imbricatis, fila-
mentis declinatis infra medium tubi insertis, pistillo incluso, gynophoro
clongato ovario triquetro equilongo,
B, princeps, Hort, Bull; Floral Mag. N.S., tab. 170.
Botanically not more than a variety of B. flammea, Bot.
Mag., tab. 4819, from which it differs by its larger flowers,
with the tube of the perianth narrowed gradually from the
throat to the base, and passing so gradually into the pedicel
that it is difficult to see, without cutting it open, where one
stops and the other begins, and by its included pistil. For
horticultural purposes it is a much finer plant, the bright
crimson of the tube and pedicel forming a very effective con-
trast with the bright yellow of the segments ; so that, size of
flower and colouring both taken into account, it may safely
be said to be for decorative purposes the finest of the known
Blandfordias. It was introduced by Mr. William Bull from
New South Wales, about 1873, and was exhibited by him at
South Kensington in the summer of 1875.
Descr. Root-fibres fleshy, cylindrical. Leaves about a
dozen, distichous, stiff, suberect, a foot long, under a quarter
of an inch broad, with six to eight strong ribs and a distinctly
serrulate border. Scape a foot high, bracteated by several
reduced leaves. Flowers four to ten in a corymb, on ascend-
ing bright red pedicels one to two incheslong. Bracts small,
lanceolate. Perianth pendulous, ° regularly funnel-shaped,
expanded gradually from the base to a throat under an inch
broad, the tube bright crimson on the outside, the yellow
ovate-deltoid segments three-eighths to half an inch broad
and deep. Stamens inserted below the middle of the tube
JANUARY Ist, 1876.
and reaching to its throat; filaments filiform, declinate ;
anthers small, oblong. Pistil reaching to the throat of
the tube at the flowering time; gy nophore as poe as the
triquetrous ovary.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Complete pistil :—slightly magnified.
6210.
of
head eas es,
Vincent Brooks Day &Son Lith’ °
Tas. 6210.
ANDROSACE sarmenvosa.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. PRIMULACEZ.—Tribe PRIMULEX.
Genus AnDROosace, Linn, (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant,, vol, ii., p. 632 ined.).
ANDROSACE sarmentosa, laxa sericeo-pilosa, sarmentis elongatis nudis undique ab
caule perbrevi patentibus robustis, declinatis apicibus tantum foliosis, caule
brevissimo, foliis dense rosulatis obovato-lanceolatis obtusis integerrimis,
in petiolum brevem angustatis, scapo erecto, involucri foliolis numerosis
angustis latisve interdum foliaceis, calycis lobis oblongis obtusis, corolla
tubo brevi globoso, limbi rosei lobis patentibus rotundatis, ore albido forni-
cibus clauso, capsula oblonga calycem superante.
Ay sarmentosa, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. Ed, Carey, vol. ii, p. 14; Cat., n. 614;
Chois. in DC. Prod., vol. viii., p. 49.
An interesting addition to the collection of rock-work
plants, hardy and a very free grower. It is a native of the loftier
regions of the Western Himalaya, and was first found in Central
Nepal, whence it was sent to Dr. Wallich, then in Calcutta,
about the year 1820, by the Resident at the Nepalese Court,
the Hon. E. Gardner. Since that period it has been found
further west by Mr. Edgeworth, in Kumaon, at an elevation
of 11-12,000 feet, and on the Zoji La Pass, north of Kashmir,
_ by Dr. Thomson, at about the same height above the sea.
Our plant was raised from seed collected by Dr. Bellew (who
accompanied Forsyth’s mission to Yarkand), at the same
locality as Dr. Thomson’s came from, and it was flowered first
and beautifully by Mr. Isaac Anderson Henry, at Hay Lodge,
Trinity, Edinburgh, and subsequently at Kew, but in far less
perfection than in the northern clime. As a spring bloomer, |
flowering in April, it will prove a most welcome accession to
the hardy herbaceous border, and it is propagated with great
ease by its runners, which spread all round the plant and hang
over the sides of the pot in profusion. Asa species, A. sarmen-
tosa in the form figured differs much from any other
Androsace, but amongst the varieties of the far more common
A. lanuginosa, Wall. (Tab. nost. 4005), which inhabits the
same country and elevations, are some that are with difficulty
January Ist, 1876.
distinguished. Asa rule, however, A. lanuginosa is a far
more densely silky plant, almost silvery-white, with a tufted
habit, spreading branches, and very leafy runners that branch
again and again; its leaves too are more acute. Choisy
reduces lanuginosa to sarmentosa, not even considering it to be
a variety ; but I cannot think that he would have done this
had he had sufficient materials to work with.
Descr. More or less clothed with lax, spreading, silky
hairs. Stem very short. Runners numerous from the axils
of the leaves, spreading all round, four to six inches long,
declinate, red-purple, quite leafless except at the tips, which
bear heads of rosulate leaves. Leaves rosulate, densely
crowded, the lower on the very short stem smaller, imbricate,
and recurved, the upper one to two inches long, oblanceolate,
obtuse, narrowed into the short petiole. Seape usually solitary,
erect, many-flowered. nvolucre of many leaflets, which are
extremely variable in shape and size, sometimes small and
linear, at others broad and leaf-like. Pedicels slender. Calyz-
lobes oblong, obtuse. Corolla one-third to two-thirds of an
inch in diameter, rose-coloured, deeper towards the disk,
which is pale yellow; mouth almost closed by the thickened
scales; lobes rounded, quite entire. Capsule oblong, longer
than the calyx.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, corolla laid open: 3 laid open, showing the
pistil :—all magnified. oo ae :
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6271.
T+i
“ancent. Brooks Day & Sen!
WH Bitch del et Lith
TAB. O21LE
CROCUS WELDENI.
Native of Dalmatia.
Nat. Ord. Intoace#.—Tribe I[xtes.
Genus Crocus, Linn. (Baker in Gard. Chron., 1873).
Crocus Weldent; vernalis, cormi tunicis membranaceis supra basin circumscissis,
spatha basali nulla, foliis 4-5 synanthiis angustis vittatis margine revolutis,
spathe proprie valvis oppositis lanceolatis, perianthii tubo albo, limbi
segmentis oblongis facie albis, exterioribus dorso purpureo tinctis nullo
modo striatis, fauce glabra concolori, antheris citrinis, filamentis brevibus
albis glabris, stigmatibus integris fulvis.
C. Weldeni, (Hoppe ?), Bot. Zeit., 1840, p. 208; J. Gay, Herb.
C. biflorus, Visiani, Fl. Dalm., i., 119, non Miller.
C. annulatus, var. albus, Herbert in Journ, Hort. Soc., vol. ii., p. 208.
ao
This can scarcely be considered as more than a variety of
Crocus biflorus, with which it agrees in time of flowering,
leaves, and corm-structure. The flower is less showy than
those of either the old garden diflorus or the two wild Italian
varieties (Wineatus and pusillus), being entirely without stripes,
concolorous at the throat, and white, except that the three
outer segments are marked on the outside with a more or less
decided hue of slaty-purple. It is a native of the limestone
hills of Dalmatia, flowering in January and February. In
our English gardens it does not expand till March. The
drawing was made from specimens that flowered at Kew in
1874, which were presented to the garden by the Rey. H.
Harpur-Crewe, who received it from Trieste from Major
R. F. Burton.
Drscr. Vernal. Corm globose, the numerous membranous
tunics slitting off just above the base, and sliced into lanceo-
late teeth at the top. Basal spathe none. Leaves four to
five, contemporary with the flower, very narrow, distinctly
vittate. Proper spathe of two equal lanceolate valves.
Tube of perianth white, one and a half to two inches long ;
segments of limb oblong, about an inch deep, white inside,
Ferrvary Ist, 1876.
the three outer with a more or less decided dash of slaty-
purple on the back, the throat glabrous and concolorous.
Anthers lemon-yellow, half an inch long, much exceeding the
white glabrous filaments. Stigma fulvous, overtopping the
stamens, with three entire clavate branches.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Outer tunic of corm ; 2, portion of leaf; 3, stigmas :—all magnified.
6212
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Jath
ith
del et 1:
cal
Fitch
WH
Tas. 6212.
STAPELIA OLIVACEA.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. ASCLEPIADE®.—Tribe STAPELIER.
Genus Stapetia, Linn. (Benth. et Hook. J, Gen. Plant., vol. ii., 784 ined.).
STAPELIA olivacea; ramis rectis gracilioribus minute puberulis 3-5-pollicaribus
cinereo-virentibus purpureo-maculatis tetragonis angulis obtusis ad inser-
tiones dentorum transversim constrictis, dentibus parvis triangularibus
appressis, floribus ramos ad imos juniores insitis minime pedunculatis,
calycis puberuli segmentis minimis subulatis, corolla fcetidissima diametro
sesquipollicari profunde quinquefida extus sordide viridi puberula, intus
glabra rugis crebris instructa olivaceo-brunnea lobis ovatis acutis 5-nerviis
albo-ciliatis, coronz exterioris squamis anguste oblongis acutis purpureo-
brunneis linea centrali ornatis, interioris duplo longioribus cornubus falcato-
subulatis instructis attenuatis paullo recurvis omnibus purpureo-brunneis.
S. olivacea, N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron., 1875, iii., p. 136.
This interesting species appears to have been known for
some little time in gardens as Stapelia eruciformis, although
there seems to be some doubt whether that name does not
belong to another species (Gard. Chron., 1875, iii., p. 206).
It was sent to Kew by H.E, Sir Henry Barkly in April,
1874, where it flowered in September following, and was first
described by Mr. Brown, assistant in the Herbarium of the
Royal Gardens, in the ‘“ Gardener’s Chronicle” in January
of last year. The following description is in great part
adopted from Mr. Brown.
Duscr. Stems erect, rather slender, branching at the
base, minutely puberulous, three to five inches high, three-
eighths to half an inch thick, tetragonal, with rounded angles,
transversely constricted at the base of the minute lanceolate
appressed teeth, greyish green, becoming blotched with purple
on full exposure to the sun. Flowers two to six from the
bases of the younger branches; peduncles two to three lines
long, puberulous, green. Calyz five-partite, puberulous ; seg-
ments two to two and a half lines long, subulate. Corolla very
fetid, about one and a half inch in diameter, dull green and
puberulous externally, glabrous within, with numerous
crowded brown transverse ruge on a dark olive-green or
Fesrvary Isr, 1876.
sometimes pale olive ground; lobes ovate, acute, recurved,
five-nerved, fringed with white hairs. Scales of external
corona narrowly oblong, one-eighth of an inch long, dark
purple-brown, with a smooth polished central line; scales of
inner corona twice as long, attenuate, dark purple-brown,
with falcate-subulate dorsal processes— W. 7. 7. D.
Fig. 1, Portion of branch; 2, section of corolla with corona, the dorsal
processes of the segments of the inner series have not been made sufficiently
distinct from the segments of the outer series ; 3, pollen-masses :—all magnified.
WAT Fitch del et Lith
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Iath
Tas. 6213.
CYPELLA prrRvuviANA.
Native of Peru.
Nat. Ord. InrpaceE&.— Tribe IRIDEA,
Genus Cypriua, Herb. (Klatt in Linnea, vol. xxxi., p. 538).
CYPELLA peruviana; bulbo ovoideo tunicato, foliis 2-3 caulinis membranaceis
linearibus plicatis, spathis solitariis 2-3-floris terminalibus, spathe valvis
membranaceis arcte convolutis, ovario parvo cylindrico, perianthii limbo
magno luteo prope basin rubro-brunneo maculato, segmentis ad basin liberis
exterioribus patulis rotundato-unguiculatis, interioribus multo minoribus pan-
duriformibus convolutis medio facie pilosis, stigmatibus luteis petaloideis
bifidis, staminibus erectis stylo adpressis,
This handsome Irid, new so far as I can make out, was
introduced in 1874 by Messrs. Veitch from the Peruvian
Andes. It does not agree with the six species of Cypella
described by Klatt in his monograph above cited either in
habit or precisely in stigma. They are all natives of Brazil,
and have spathes produced from the side of great ensiform
iris-like leaves. Here the habit is substantially that of
Phalocailis, Polia, or Beatonia, but in all these the stigmas
are materially different. These South American Irids are
very difficult to study, the flowers being so fugacious in a
living state, and seldom represented in a satisfactory manner
in herbarium specimens. We have in the Kew Herbarium
specimens of either the same plant or a closely allied one
from the temperate region of the Bolivian Andes, in grassy
places, near Sorata, gathered by Mandon.
Descr. Bulb ovoid, clothed with scarious brown tunics.
Basal leaves vanished by the time the plant flowers. Sfem-
leaves two to three, linear, six to nine inches long, one-half
_ to three-quarters inch broad, narrowed gradually from the
middle to both ends, glabrous, papyraceous, plicate. lowers
two to three in a solitary stalked terminal cluster, fugacious,
and appearing in succession from the spathe. Spathe-valves
two, membranous, tightly convolute round the pedicels.
Ovary green, fusiform, half an inch long. Limb bright yellow,
maculate at the base with red-brown, the divisions free
down to the ovary, the outer three much the largest,
Fenrvary Ist, 1876.
straight, spreading, with a round limb and a cuneate claw,
the inner three panduriform, convolute, with a round re-
flexed blade, strap-shaped centre pilose on the face, and a
navicular claw. Genitalia forming an erect column. Stigmata
bifid, petaloid, bright yellow, with a third small process
between the two large iris-like divisions. Stamens pressed
against the style, the short filaments nearly or quite free.—
J. G. Baker. :
Fig. 1, Inner segment of perianth :—magnified.
214
6
levy
OT Hilye
a.
ws
Vincent Brooks Day
Tas. 6214.
Prscator1a DAYANA, var. RHODACRA.
Native of New Granada.
Nat. Ord. ORCHIDEZ.—Tribe VANDE&.
Genus Pescatorta (Reich. f. in Mohl et Schlecht. Bot. Zeit., vol. x., p. 667
[1852]).
PESCATORIA Dayana, var. rhodacra; pseudobulbis 0, foliis sessilibus anguste
oblanceolato-oblongis acuminatis, pedunculis brevibus validis 1-floris,
bracteis brevibus viridibus oblique truncatis, floribus 2} poll. diametr.,
sepalis oblongis obtusis concavis niveis apicibus sanguineis, petalis triente
minoribus obovatis concavis dorso sub apice roseis, labello explanato ungue
brevi lamina rotundata convexa alba roseo suffusa, crista crassa semi-
circulari plicata violacea, columna crassa naviculari exalata alba, anthera
coccinea, stigmate luteo,
P. Dayana, var. rhodacra, Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1874, pt. 2, p. 226.
The nearest ally of this Orchid is assuredly the Huntleya
cerina, Lindl, (Tab. nost. 5598), which differs conspicuously
in colour and in the form of the semi-circular callus at the
base of the limb of the lip, and which is referred, along with —
other species of Pescatoria, to a section of the old genus
Zygopetalum, Hook., by the younger Reichenbach, in the
sixth volume of Walper’s “ Annales,” p. 651. The said
section is, however, characterised by having a slender semi-
cylindric column, whilst the column both of P. cerina
and of P, Dayana is broad and boat-shaped, as in Bollea
(Reichenbach’s first section of Zygopetalum). In the present
state of Orchidology it is not possible for the Botanist or the
Horticulturist to speak with confidence of generic limits in
any considerable group. I have retained this under Pescatoria,
following Reichenbach (in the ‘Gardener's Chronicle,’
l.c.), by whom the genus (usually wrongly written Pescatorea)
was founded. As above observed, however, this genus has
been referred by him to Zygopetalum as long ago as 1861,
together with Bollea, Warscewiezella, Warrea, Keferstema,
and Promencea. ee
Pescatoria Dayana has several varieties in cultivation,
depending on the markings on the perianth being absent,
Feprvary Ist, 1876,
or violet, or green, or red. That here figured was
communicated by Messrs. Veitch in September, 1874,
and a perfectly similar plant, but without red tips to the
sepals and petals, was sent by Mr. Bull the previous
June.
Descr. Stems tufted, without pseudobulbs, the short
thickened leaf-sheaths below the articulation not appearing to
become fleshy and to perform the functions of a pseudobulb.
Leaves six to ten inches long by two inches broad, narrowly
oblanceolate-oblong, acuminate, keeled, obscurely nerved.
Pedunele one-flowered, stout, two to three inches long, green,
with one small green obliquely truncated bract towards the
middle, and a much larger brown appressed one embracing
the ovary. Flowers two inches and a half in diameter.
Sepals oblong, obtuse, concave, white, with bright red tips.
Petals one-third smaller, obovate, obtuse, with rosy spots at the
tip on the back. Lp orbicular, with a short claw and convex
limb, which is white suffused with crimson; at the base
of the limb is a deep semi-circular canal bounding a semi-
lunar violet plaited callus. Column short, broad, stout, not
winged, white, with a crimson anther and yellow stigma.—
JD, fl.
Fig. 1, Lip :—magnified.
6215
Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp
W Fitch del et. Lith
Tas. 6215.
VIBURNUM pimatatuom.
Native of Japan.
Nat. Ord. CAPRIFOLIACE®.—Tribe SAMBUCER.
Genus Visurnum, Linn. (Benth et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol. ii., p. 3).
VIBURNUM dilatatum ; ramulis petiolis inflorescentia nervisque foliorum subtus
substrigoso-hirtis, foliis petiolatis ovato- v. obovato- orbiculatis obtuse
acuminatis grosse dentatis subrugosis, stipulis 0, cymis multifloris breviter
v. longius pedunculatis, floribus omnibus consimilibus, calycis lobis rotun-
datis ciliatis, corolle rotate lobis rotundatis dorso pilosis, filamentis corollam
superantibus, stigmate obtuse-trilobio, fructu ovoideo compressissimo.
V. dilatatum, Thunbd., Fl. Jap., p. 124; DC. Prod., vol. iv., p. 329; Sieb. et
Zucc., Fl, Jap., vol. i., p. 172; A. Gray, Bot. Japan, p. 393 (excl. Syn,
V. erosi) ; Miquel, Prol. Fl. Jap., 154.
A very handsome hardy shrub, with apparently a wide
distribution in Japan, having been collected. in various
localities from Nagasaki and Yokohama to Hakodadi—that
is, nearly throughout the length of the archipelago.
The genus Viburnum is well represented in Japan, and
there are several species that have not yet been introduced
into Europe. Thunberg, in 1787, described no less than nine
Japanese ones, and Miquel, in his ‘‘ Prolusio Flore Japonice,”’
enumerates twelve. Several of these are very widely spread
over the northern hemisphere ; amongst them is our Guelder
Rose (V. Opulus), also the American V. lantanoides, which
extends into the Himalaya. The long-known V. odora-
tissimum of our garden also extends into India, being found
in the Khasia Mountains. V. Sandankewa again, figured in
our last year’s volume (Tab. 6172), is very closely allied to
a Himalayan species. “
V. dilatatum was introduced by Messrs. Veitch, who sent
flowering specimens for figuring to Kew in June last, with
the information that it is perfectly hardy. It is omitted in
ee mi monograph of the genus (Kidb. Vidensk. Meddel.,
3S
Descr. A shrub with the young branches, petioles,
inflorescence, and nerves of leaves beneath clothed with
rigid, white, simple, and forked, rather spreading hairs,
Feprvary Ist, 1876,
which become tomentose in the axils of the petioles, of
the branches of the panicles, and of the nerves of the leaves
where they join the midrib. Leaves very variable in size and
shape, two to five inches long, often as broad, orbicular or
orbicular-ovate or obovate, usually abruptly terminating in
an obtuse point, coarsely toothed, slightly hairy on both
surfaces ; nerves numerous, nearly parallel; base rounded or
cordate at the junction with the petiole, which is rarely more
than half an inch long; stipules none. Cymes sessile or on
stout peduncles, much branched, two to six inches in
diameter. Flowers white, very shortly pedicelled, one-third
of an inch in diameter. Calyx pilose, tube obscure, lobes
orbicular. Corolla rotate, lobes orbicular, hairy on the back.
Stamens exserted. Style stout, curved, stigma three-lobed.,
fruit ovate, much flattened, about one-third of an inch long,
crowned by the persistent calyx-lobes and style.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flowers; 2, the same with the corolla removed :—both magnified.
Tas. 6216.
SENECIO (Kug1nra) CHORDIFOLIA.
Native of South Africa.
Nat, Ord, Composit2.—Tribe SENECIONIDEZ.
Genus SENECIO, Linn. (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol, ii., p. 446).
SENECIO (Kleinia) chordifolia ; suffruticosa, glaberrima, caule gracili erecto sim-
pliusculo, foliis 7-10-pollicaribus chordiformibus teretibus subacutis, cymis
elongatis laxis remote furcatis paucifloris, ramis erectis 3-5-pollicaribus,
bracteis ad axillas parvis subulatis, capitulis 3-3 pollicaribus angustis
cylindraceis basi bracteolis paucis patentibus setaceis instructis, foliolis ad
15 linearibus acuminatis marginibus membranaceis, floribus flavis, corolle
lobis brevibus, styli ramis apice truncatis, achenio cylindraceo pubescente.
A very curious succulent Groundsel, remarkable for the
great length of its simple, terete, cylindrical leaves, which
droop from the long, slender branches, and for the lax,
slender, very few-flowered cymes. I find no species described
in Harvey and Sonder’s “Flora of the Cape” with which it
can be confounded, though it is evidently nearest to Kleinia
crassulefolia, DC. (not of Baker in Saunders’ Refug., vol. 1.,
t. 7), in which, however, the leaves are only two to three
inches long.
The Kieinias of Haworth, and, following him, of De
Candolle and Harvey, are, with the exception of one or two
North African and’ Arabian species, all South African, and
comprise two sets of plants. Of these one set has conical
tips to the style-arms, and often a more rigid pappus ; the
other has truncated tips to the style-arms and a soft pappus.
To the former, which differs in no way from the Indian genus
Notonia, belong K. Anteruphorbium (figured in last year’s
volume of the Magazine, Tab. 6099, under Senecio) and .
fulgens (Tab. nost. 5590); whilst to the latter belongs EK.
Haworthii (Tab. nost. 6063, Senecio), together with this and
other species. Bentham (Gen. Plant., vol. U., Pp. 449) has
rightly merged Kleinia into Senecio, and noted its passing
into Notonia, which latter genus must no doubt follow it ;
the Indian plant being regarded as an outlier of this succulent
Fgprvary Ist, 1876.
group of Senecio, which extends from Marocco and the Canary
Islands to Arabia, and thence to India.
S. chordifolia is one of Mr. Cooper’s South African dis-
coveries; he found it at Busghersdorf, in the Albert province,
in 1861. It flowered at Kew in July, 1874; the specimen
was presented by Mr. Kennedy.
Descr. A very slender, glabrous, fleshy plant, about a
foot high, with a very sparingly branched stem that is woody
towards the base. eaves seven to ten inches long by a
quarter of an inch in diameter, acute, cylindric, but fiattened
above towards the base, terete, smooth, pale green, drooping.
Cymes very slender, six to ten inches long, sparingly forked,
the branches erect, very long, with small subulate gréen
bracts at the forks; terminal pedicels slender, two to three
inches long, lateral very short. Heads very few, two-thirds
of an inch long, narrow. Involucre green, with a few bristle-
shaped, spreading bracteoles at the base; leaflets about six-
teen, linear, acute, with membranous margins. Flowers
yellow. Corolla-lobes very short. Style-arms truncate.
Pappus very soft, white, and slender. Achenes slender,
pubescent.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Whole plant, reduced; 2, branch, leaves, and cyme, of the natural size
3, flower; 4, stamen ; and 5, style-arms :—all magnified.
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Tas. 6217.
CYPRIPEDIUM Roeztrt.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. OrcHIDEm.—Tribe CypRIPEDIEm.
Genus Cyprirepium, Linn. (Endl. Gen, Plant., p. 220).
CYPRIPEDIUM (Selenipedium) Roezli ; foliis distichis elongato-ligulatis 2-pedalibus
2 poll. latis attenuato-acuminatis carinatis, scapo viridi multifloro vaginato,
vaginis appressis, bracteis erecto-patentibus lanceolatis acuminatis ovarium.
superantibus, sepalo dorsali ovato-lanceolato acuto rubro-purpurascente,
lateralibus in laminam ovato-oblongam obtusam labello eequilongo supposi-
tam connatis carneis, petalis sepalis duplo longioribus horizontaliter
patentibus anguste linearibus pallidis rubro-marginatis, labello oblongo
‘flavo-viridi, ore amplo margine auriculato, staminodio triangulari-cordato
- margine purpureo-villoso, ovario 3-loculari.
Selenipedium Roezli, Rehb. f. in Regel Gartenfl., 1871, 163, t. 714, et 1873,
97, t. 754.
Cypripedium Roezli, Iii, Hort. N. S., t. 138.
The nearest ally of this magnificent species is undoubtedly
C. longifolium (Tab. nost. 5970), which differs in its much
smaller stature, narrower leaves, spreading sheaths of the
purple scape, shorter, more obtuse dorsal sepals, and colour
of the flower. In all essential characters they agree very
closely indeed, and the almost identical structure and form of
the lip and sexual apparatus suggest the possibility of their
being races-between which intermediates will be found. For
horticultural purposes C. Roezli is incomparably the finest of
the two, not only in colour, but on account of its size, it
being by far the largest of the genus hitherto discovered.
Probably these species would hybridise with facility, but I
see nothing to be gained by such a proceeding, C. /ongifolium
presenting no one superiority but the bright red colour of its
scape. :
Cypripedium Roezli is a native of New Grenada, where it
was found by Roezl on the banks of the Dagua river, which,
according to Regel, occupies a valley between two ranges of
the Andes. I find, however, no such river on the map, but
a small town of Dagua on the western declivity of the Andes,
Marcu Isr, 1876, .
near the Bay of Choco. The specimen here figured flowered
at Messrs. Veitch’s establishment in January, 1874. It is said
to flower perennially and profusely, a statement inconsistent
with the habits of any plants in continuous health, but
which, if taken with the caution to be used in accepting the
laudatory advertisements of choice plants, may be regarded
as evidence of its being a very free flowerer.
Descr. Quite glabrous. Leaves two feet long and up-
wards, nearly two inches broad, strap-shaped, narrowed into
a point, keeled, deep green above, pale beneath. Scape
sometimes three feet high, strict, green, many-flowered,
sheaths appressed. racts three inches long, green, strict,
erecto-patent, lanceolate, acuminate, compressed, rather
exceeding the ovary. lowers very large, five inches long
from the tip of the dorsal sepal to that of the combined
lateral ones, and seven inches broad across the petals. Dorsal
sepal ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, waved, yellowish-green,
with a suffused rose-purple border; two lateral sepals com-
bined into an ovate-oblong, obtuse, flesh-coloured, concave
limb. Petals narrowly linear-lanceolate, horizontal, with
bright red-purple border and tip. zp three inches long;
saccate portion green, half the length of the whole, with
auricled sides and truncate mouth ; edges of lip above the
sac inflexed, with flat, dirty yellow surfaces speckled with pale
red. Staminodes triangular-cordate, with red-purple villous
margins.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Lateral, and 2, side view of staminode :—magnified,
6118
a
De gen er
Day &5on bap
Aucent Brooks
Tas. 6218.
ANTHURI UM SAuNDERsII.
Native of Brazil ?
Nat. Ord. AROIDEZ.—Tribe OronTicz.
Genus AnTauriIUM, Schott (Prodr. Syst. Aroid., p. 486).
AntuuriIuM (Dactylophyllium) Sauwndersii; scandens, caule crassitie penne
olorine, foliis digitatis, petiolo 6-pollicari gracili, geniculo }-pollicari,
foliolis 7-9 subsessilibus 8-pollicaribus anguste lineari-lanceolatis 4 poll. latis
caudato-acuminatis integerrimis incurvis, pendunculo pollicari, spatha
2-pollicari ovato-lanceolata alba spadice equilongo, stigmate sessili obtuse
quadrato,
The number of species of Anthurium appears to be very
great, no less than 180 being enumerated in Schott’s Prod-
romus. The humid forests of America, from Mexico to
South Brazil, on both coasts, abound in species of varied form
and statnre, from herbs a few inches high to gigantic climbers
that by their weight bring forest trees to the ground. For
hot-house culture, where perennial green foliage is required,
no genus of plants is more commendable, because of the
bright glossy foliage that attracts no insects and harbours
few, the little care they require in culture, and the bad treat-
ment they will endure and yet live. The Kew collection of
them, which contains upwards of seventy species, besides _
varieties, has long been celebrated, though it never equalled
that at the Imperial Gardens, Schoenbrunn, near Vienna,
when under the directorship of the late Professor Schott, who
made the collection and study of Aroids the labour of a life-
time.
Anthurium Saundersii was received from the rich collection
of W. W. Saunders, Esq., but with no information as to its
native country, under the name of A. coriacewm, Lind. ; but
it widely differs from Endlicher’s plant of that name, and
approaches more nearly to A. Ottonianum, Kunth., also a
native of Brazil, and to one called A. jatrophefolium, in the
Kew collection, a name I have not found in any publication.
engin Stem as thick as a swan’s quill, climbing, about
ARCH Ist, 1876,
two feet in our plant, terete, rooting at the nodes. Leaves
digitate ; petiole about six inches long, slender, terete, with
an oblong thickened joint at the top; leaflets about eight,
eight to ten inches long, very narrow, linear-lanceolate, about
half an inch broad, narrowed at the tip into long, slender,
incurved points, and at the base into very short, channelled —
stalks, dark green above, the intra-marginal nerve connected
with the midrib by regular, spreading, delicate venules, paler
beneath. Peduncle about an inch long, stout, erect. Spathe
two inches long, ovate-lanceolate, greenish-white. Spadix as
long as the spathe, stout, sessile, purplish when the flowers
are fully expanded. %laments very broadly oblong ; anthers
broad, with rather large pores. Ovary broadly ovoid; stigma
sessile, square, with obtuse angles.— J. D. #7.
Fig. 1, Flowers seen from above; 2, side view of a flower; 3, ovary -—ail
magnified, ‘
Tas. 6219.
EPISCIA ERYTHROPUS.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. GrsNERACEEZ.—Tribe CYRTANDRE.
Genus Eriscta, Mart, (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen, Plant., vol. ii., p. 1006 ined.).
Episcra (Centrosolenia) erythropus ; glabriuscula, caule brevi, foliis 6-8-polli-
caribus oblanceolatis caudato-acuminatis basi decurrente angustatis
inequaliter denticulatis petiolo costaque sanguineis sparse setulosis supra
lete viridibus subtus rubro-suffusis, pedunculis numerosis axillaribus 1-2-
pollicaribus gracilibus 1-floris, calycis segmentis subulato-lanceolatis, corolle
pallide carne tubo pollicari angusto basi saccato intus aurantiaco maculato
fauce vix inflata, limbi plani obliqui lobis equalibus rotundatis, ovario
pubescente, :
Though evidently belonging to the Centrosolenia section
of the genus Episcia, I have failed to identify this with any
described species, or to match it with any specimen in the
Kew Herbarium. The genus has a wide range, from Mexico
to South Brazil, and most of its members are referable to the
same section as this, which is distinguished by the absence of
surculi, fascicled flowers, narrow calyx-lobes, and saccate base
of the corolla-tube—a character evident in those members of
the same section that are figured in this work, namely, —
E. chontalensis, Tab. 5925, and Centrosolenia glabra and picta,
Tabs. 4552 and 4611.
The genus Episcia has been remodelled by Mr. Bentham
_for the forthcoming part of the “Genera Plantarum,” and
divided into six sections, all figured in this magazine, and
answering to the following genera of authors ; namely, his
own genus Céntrosolenia, which includes Trichodrymonia of
Oersted ; Wautilo-calyz of Linden (Tab. 4675); and five
genera of Hanstein, viz., Physodeira (Tab. 4590), Cyrtodeira
(Tabs. 4312, 6136, 5195), Alsobia (Tab. 4089), and Skiophila
(Tabs. 4720, 4866). As thus reconstructed, Hpiscia very
nearly accords as to limits with those assigned by Martius to
it on its establishment. Zpiscia erythropus was introduced
from New Grenada by Messrs. Veitch, who sent the plant for
figuring in March, 1874. ie
few scattered hairs on
Descr. Nearly glabrous, except a
Marcu Isr, 1876,
the petiole, midrib, and principal nerves beneath the leaf.
Stem very short, stout. Leaves subradical, a foot long,
oblanceolate, caudate-acuminate, decurrent on the stout
petiole, irregularly toothed, bright green above, pale and
suffused with red beneath, midrib and short petiole very
stout, blood-red, nerves many, arching, also red. lowers
fascicled in the axils of the leaves, on slender single-flowered
peduncles about one to two inches long. Calys# divisions
subulate-lanceolate, quite entire, green. Corolla pale flesh-
coloured, with orange-purple spots within the yellow throat
and tube; tube over one inch long, rather slender, with a
saccate gibbosity at the base; limb three-quarters of an inch
in diameter, oblique, nearly flat; lobes orbicular. Anthers
short. Ovary pubescent.—/. D. H.
Fig.'1, Corolla laid open; 2, pistil and disk :—both magnified,
6220
Bi ae
“a . ~ Day & Sonim
‘itch del et Tath
Tas. 6220.
TALINUM Aprwottt.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. PORTULACEX.
Genus TaLinum, Adans, (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol. 1., p. 167).
'TALINUM Arnotii; caudice robusto ligneo, ramis annotinis pedalibus, foliis
brevissime petiolatis late oblongo-orbiculatis apiculatis basi et apice rotun-
datis, floribus axillaribus, pedunculis foliis 2-3-plo longioribus, floribus fere
1 poll diametro.
This is one of a collection of plants of a very remarkable
habit, which was sent to Kew in 1867 by the Hon. David
Arnot, then Commissioner for the Griqua States, and residing
at Eskdale, Albania. For the most part they presented more
or less cylindrical or spindle-shaped woody stocks, of almost
stony hardness, which serve as reservoirs of moisture and
nourishing matter during the scorching droughts of the dry,
stony district they inhabit. Of these some remained for
several years in the stove before they showed any signs of
life, and when they did so they proved to belong to very
different natural Orders. Some were Asclepiadee of the
genus Ceropegia and its allies, others Cucurbitacee, others
Convolvulacee, and still others Geraniaceer, Leguminose, and
Portulacece, to which latter belongs the subject of the present
plate, which, though imported as above stated in 1867, did
not flower till six years afterwards. :
The genus Zulinum is represented in South Africa by a
widely diffused species, the old 7. caffrum (to which the
present is perhaps, too, nearly allied), which differs in the
narrow Jeaves contracted at both ends, and, judging from
dried specimens, the much smaller flowers. The only other
Old World species is 7. cuneifoliwm, Willd, a native of
Tropical Africa and Arabia, which extends eastwards into
Western India. It has leaves more like those of 7. Arnotn
than are those of 7. caffrum, but they are cuneate at the
base, and the flowers are racemose. ;
Drscr. Trunk or root-stock five to eight inches long,
Mancu Ist, 1876.
cylindric, woody, one to two inches in diameter, covered with
light brown bark. Branches a foot long, erect, soft, succu-
lent, cylindric, slender, sparingly divided, green. Leaves
attenuate, almost sessile, one and a half inches long and
nearly as broad, broadly orbicular-oblong, rounded at both
ends, apiculate at the tip, smaller upwards, green, fleshy,
margins quite entire, slightly recurved. Peduncles axillary,
one-flowered, longer than the leaves, spreading, with a small
bract, and sometimes a rudimentary flower-bud above the
middle. lowers one inch in diameter. Sepals ovate, acute,
green. Petals obovate, acute, pale golden yellow. Stamens
half the length of the sepals. Ovary almost globose; style
short; stigmas slender, recurved.— J. D. H. >
Fig. 1, Peduncle and flower; 2, ovary; 3, transverse section of ditto:—
magnified.
£
8
nal
+s
e
:
Tap- 6294, .
BOUCHEA PSEUDOGERVAO. |
Native. of Brazil.
Nat. Ord. VERBENACE&,—'Tribe VERBENE.
Genus Boucura, Cham. (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen, Plant., vol. ii., p. 1144 ined.),
Boucuea pseudogervad; herbacea, annua, glabra, ramis obtuse 4-gonis, foliis
petiolatis ovatis v. elliptico- v, ovato- acuminatis grosse argute serratis serra-
turis apiculatis, spicis demum elongatis strictis, floribus brevissime pedicel-
latis, bracteis parvis subulatis, calycibus elongatis rachi appressis dentibus
subulatis, corolla tubo gracili curvo, lobis 2 superioribus minoribus inferiore
ceteris majore omnibus late ovato-oblongis apice rotundatis, capsula calycem
subzequante.
B, pseudogervad, Cham. in Linnza, vol. vii., p. 254; Schauer in DC. Prod.,
vol, xi, p. 557; et in Mart. Fl. Bras. Verbenac., p. 195.
Verbena pseudogeryaé, St. Hil. Plant. Us. Bras., t. 40.
V. fluminnensis, Velloz. Fl. Flum., vol. i., t. 38. -
An annual herb, often becoming almost shrubby at the
base, widely distributed throughout the warmer parts of the
South American continent, from Peru to the province of St.
Paul, in South Brazil, inhabiting woods, waste places, and
rubbish heaps.
The genus Bouchea is closely allied to Verbena and Stachy-
tarpha (see Tabs. 4211 and 5538, Stachytarpheta), diftermg
from the former in the two- (not four-) celled fruit, and from
the latter in having four (not two) anthers, and in the position
of the anther-cells, which are collateral (not pressed end to
end). About sixteen species are known, natives of the
Tropics of the Old and New Worlds and of South Africa.
The name pseudogervad, literally “ False Vervain,” is
derived from the likeness of this species to the Gervad, or
common Verbena of South America. St. Hilaire remarks that
the bruised leaves have a bad smell, notwithstanding which
“quelques personnes, frappées de sa ressemblance avec le
véritable Gervaé, ont essayé de s’en servir également pour
remplacer le thé; mais la boisson qu’elle fournit n’a rien qui
flatte le gout.”
The plant here figured was raised from seeds imported
Manrcu Isr, 1876,
from Peru, and flowered by Messrs. Veitch in September,
1874. The species varies greatly in the size of the corolla,
some of those in the Herbarium having the limb not half an
inch in diameter.
Descr. An annual, nearly glabrousherb. Stems obtusely
4-conous, two to five feet high, green. Leaves opposite,
petioled, ovate or elliptic-ovate, acuminate, narrowed into the
petiole, coarsely, sharply serrate, the serratures mucronate,
dark green and rugose above, paler beneath. Spike terminal,
six to ten inches long, slender, strict, glabrous or puberulous;
bracts ovate-subulate, green, appressed, much shorter than
the calyx ; pedicels very short and stout. Calyx appressed
to the rachis, two-thirds of an inch long, slender, slightly
curved, tubular, with five small subulate teeth. Corolla-tube
very slender, curved, twice as long as the calyx; limb an
inch and a half in diameter, pale red-purple; lobes spreading,
broadly orbicular-oblong, tips rounded, two upper smallest,
lower largest. Filaments short, anthers ovate. Ovary narrow,
ovoid. Capsule shorter than or slightly exceeding the calyx.
—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calyx, style, and stigma; 2, portion of corolla-tube and stamen; 3,
ovary :—all magnified.
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Tap. 6222.
SACCOLABIUM HeEnNDERSONIANUM.
Native of Borneo.
Nat, Ord. Orcumpez.—Tribe VANDEZ,
Genus SACCOLABIUM, Blume (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid., p. 220).
SACCOLABIUM Hendersonianum ; caule brevissimo, foliis crassis distichis ligulatis
subacutis carinatis apice integerrimis, racemo breviter pedunculato cylin.
draceo multifloro, rachi glauca, bracteis parvis triangularibus, floribus 4 poll.
diam. roseis, sepalo dorsali orbiculato concavo, lateralibus longioribus late
obovato-oblongis apice rotundatis, petalis sepalo dorsali sequilongis obovatis,
labello ad calcar cylindraceum compressum pallidum rectum obtusum
pias ore 3-dentato v. 3-cuspidato, columna brevissima, caudicula recta
su ata,
§. Hendersonianum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. N.S. (1875), vol. fv., p. 356.
Dr. Reichenbach, in describing this bright-coloured species
ag a very curious and beautiful plant, further states that it is
difficult to assign it a place amongst the known species,
adding that it will be compared by beginners with S.
ampullaceum (Tab. nost. 5595) and S. miniatum of Lindl. (to
which might be added the S. miniatum of this work (Tab.
5326), which I have reason to believe is the true S.
curvifolium). All these species have, however, a distinct lip
of a linear form, an organ reduced in S. Hendersonianum to
obscure teeth at the mouth of the spur, as in S. roseum and
compressum. 1am indebted to my friend Dr. Reichenbach
for identifying the plant, and to Messrs. E. G. Henderson
and Sons, of the Wellington Road Nurseries, for the oppor-
tunity of figuring it. It was imported from Borneo, and
flowered in 1874; but Dr. Reichenbach informs me that it
has been in Europe ever since the year 1862.
Descr. Stem very short. Leaves four to six inches long,
distichous, curved and spreading in various directions, very
coriaceous, ligulate, subacute, but obscurely two-lobed at the
tip through the recurved tip being deeply channelled, pale
green. Raceme as long as the leaves, shortly peduncled,
Apri ist, 1576.
stiff, cylindric, many-flowered ; flowers crowded ; peduncle
and rachis pale green and glaucous ; bracts small, triangular.
Perianth two-thirds of an inch long from the tip of the upper
sepal to that of the spur; bright rose-red, except the almost
white spur. Dorsal sepals orbicular, concave ; lateral ones
larger, obovate-oblong, with broad, rounded tips, and a dark
rose-purple spot at their bases. Petals obovate, with rounded
tips, smaller than the lateral sepals. Lip reduced to three
teeth at the mouth of the cylindric, compressed, obtuse,
straight spur, which is slightly faleate and rather contracted
below the mouth. Column very short, with a slender,
subulate rostellum.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, spur and column :—both magnified,
6223.
WH.Fitch del et Lith.
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp
Tas. 6223.
SEDUM putcHetium.
Native of the United States.
Nat. Ord. CrassuLacEa&.
Genus SepuM, Linn, (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol. i., p. 659).
SEDUM pulchellum ; glaberrimum, ramis assurgentibus simpliciusculis foliosis, foliis
sessilibus erecto- vy. recurvo- patentibus cylindraceis obtusis basi auriculatis
auriculis obtusis v. in cornua divergentia productis, cymis umbellatis v.
paniculatis 3-6-pollicaribus radiatis v. patento-recurvis simplicibus v. basi
ramosis densifloris fructiferis erectis, floribus sessilibus secundis, bracteis
linearibus, petalis linearibus obtusis v. subacutis sepalis ovato-lanceolatis
obtusis duplo longioribus, glandulis parvis truncatis, ovariis cylindraceo-
oblongis in stylos subulatos longiusculos attenuatis.
S. pulchellum, Michx, Fl, Bor, Am., vol. i, p. 277; Torr. et Gr. Fl. N. Am.,
vol. i., p. 559; Walp. Rep., vol. ii., p. 263; A. Gray, Man. Bot, N. U.S.,
p. 172; Gard. Chron,, 1874, ii., p. 552, cum ie. xylog.
S. pulchellum, DC. Prod., vol. iii., p. 403.
The Stone-crops form one of the most attractive and
easily cultivated features of the garden rock-work, and a vast
number of ornamental species have still to be introduced.
Upwards of twenty were cultivated at Kew in 1810, and
described in Aiton’s ‘‘ Hortus Kewensis”; the number now
grown is about fifty, amongst which that here figured is one of
the most attractive. It is a native of the mountains of the
— States, from Virginia to Georgia, growing in rocky
places.
The fine specimen here figured was sent by the Rev. Mr.
Ellacombe from his rich and admirably-named collection at
Bitton Vicarage, between Bristol and Bath, one of the most
favoured climates and soils in Britain for a general collection
of the herbaceous plants of temperate climates, and of which
advantages its accomplished occupant makes the best use.
It flowers both at Bitton and Kew in July, and must not be
confounded (as pointed out by Dr. Masters in the “‘ Gardener's
Chronicle”) with two plants commonly known in gardens as
S. pulchellum, namely, S. sezangulare and 8S. Lydium. :
Descr. Quite glabrous. Stems four to eight inches high,
APRIL Ist, 1876,
abruptly ascending from the base, flexuous, terete, simple
above, leafy. Leaves half to one inch long, scattered, sessile,
cylindric, obtuse, smooth, pale green, the base produced into
two longer or shorter ears, which sometimes form obtuse,
spreading spurs. Cymes umbellately spreading from the top
of the stem, or more rarely paniculately arranged along its —
upper half, three to six inches long, recurved, slender, very
_ many-flowered, erect in fruit. Flowers nearly half an inch
in diameter, quite sessile, 8-merous, except the central one
in the forks, which is 10-merous ; bracts linear, green, nearly
equalling the petals. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, obtuse. Petals
twice as long, linear, subacute, rose-purple. Stamens shorter
than the petals; anthers purple-brown. Glands small,
square, emarginate. Ovaries rather shorter than the stamens,
cylindric, oblong, narrowed into slender, subulate, suberect
styles.—J. D. ZH.
Fig. 1, Leaf; 2, flowers; 3, glands and carpels; 4, fruit :—all magnified.
VY, ° ten Nar k San hn
Vincent Brooks Day & 202 -mp
Tas. 6224.
HYPOESTES ARISTATA.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. ACANTHACE.—Tribe J USTICIEE.
Genus Hyporsres, Br. (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol. ii., p. 1122).
Hyporstes aristata ; pubescens v. villosa, caule erecto ramoso, ramulis 4-gonis,
foliis petiolatis ovatis acutis integerrimis subtus preecipue pubescenti-pilosis,
capitulis verticillatis inferioribus axillaribus superioribus subspicatis,
bracteis foliaceis, involucris ovato-lanceolatis longe aristato-subulatis basi
eonnatis 1-3-floris calyce multo longioribus hirtis, sepalis subulatis, Coren
tubo elongato gracili piloso fauce sensim ampliato, labio antico integro
acuto, postico elliptico ad medium 3-lobato, staminibus labiis dimidio
brevioribus, styli lobis linearibus recurvis.
H. aristata, Soland. in Roem. et Sch. Syst., vol. i., p. 140;
vol. xi., p. 509.
Nees in DC. Prod.,
H. plumosa, Eckl. et Meyer in Herb. Dregé.
Justicia aristata, Vahl, Symb., vol. ii, p. 2; Enum., vol. i., p. 110.
The genus Hypoestes consists of some forty South African,
Indian, and Australian plants, many of them weedy in habit
and far from attractive in flower, to which, however, the
subject of the present plate forms a conspicuous exception,
being remarkable for its bright purple flowers, which are
produced in profusion, and are prettily striped and spotted
on the upper lip. It is a native of extra-tropical South
Africa, from Algoa Bay to Natal, and is common in
shrubberies. Nees, in De Candolle’s “Prodromus,” gives
Delagoa Bay (Forbes) as a habitat ; but this 1s a mistake for
Algoa Bay, where, as well as in the first-named locality,
Forbes collected plants for the Horticultural Society in the
year 1822. It would no doubt form an attractive warm
greenhouse plant if properly treated as to wintering, for, like
all Cape plants, it must have a season of almost absolute rest.
The specimen here figured flowered at Messrs. Veitch’s
establishment in February, 1874. ;
Descr. An erect, branched herb, two to three feet high,
Arn Ist, 1876.
more or less softly pubescent or almost villous throughout.
Stems green, obtusely quadrangular, rather tumid at the
nodes. Leaves two to three inches long, petioled, ovate, acute,
quite entire, acute rarely cordate or rounded at the base,
membranous, dark green, faintly pubescent above, and
still more so beneath. Flowers in axillary clusters, which,
being more crowded upwards, are there disposed in
terminal stout spikes, enclosed singly or in pairs or threes in
an involucre of two lanceolate, concave bracts, which terminate
in long awns. Calyx of five subulate segments, much smaller
than the bracts. Corolla one inch long, rose-purple; tube
slender, pubescent, expanding into a narrowly campanulate
throat; lips shorter than the tube; upper elliptic, cleft to the -
middle into three acute lobes, the lateral lobes striped and
the middle one spotted with purple; lower lip much smaller,
linear-lanceolate, acute, revolute, striped with white. Stamens
shortly exserted; anthers small, one-celled, Style with
spreading, linear lobes.—J. D. H. |
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, anther; 3, ovary, calyx, and involucre; 4 and 5, ovary
and disk : 6, vertical section of ditto :—all magnified, :
2295.
W Fitch del et Lith
: +
Vincent Brocks Day &Son imp
Tas. 6225.
AINSLLAA WALKERI.
Native of Hong-Kong.
Nat. Ord, Composit#,—Tribe MUTISIACEZ.
Genus AINSLIZA, DC, (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol. ii., p. 493).
AINSLLEA Wailkeri; glaberrima inflorescentia puberula, caule simplici erecto basi
folioso, foliis erecto-recurvis lineari-ligulatis aristato-acuminatis a medio
basin versus sensim angustatis apices versus pauci-spinuloso dentatis, pani-
cula erecta elongata contracta, rachi rigida, ramis filiformibus infimis
foliaceo-bracteatis apices versus floriferis, capitulis laxis patentibus et cernuis
brevissime pedicellatis 2-3-floris, involucri bracteis ovato-lanceolatis acu-
minatis, corolla alba lobis 5 linearibus obtusis, antheris roseo-purpureis,
achzenio parvo superne setoso, pappi setis scabridis rigidis fuscis.
A most graceful little plant, belonging to a very little
known genus that inhabits the mountains of North-eastern
India, China, and Japan, and of which only one species had
been found in Hong-Kong until the discovery of the species
here figured, by Capt. A. L. Walker when Brigade-Major in
the island. Both species are instances of the wonderful
localisation of the plants of that little island, which has been
so well discussed by Bentham in his Flora of Hong-Kong. A.
Sragrans, the kind already described, and which has broad,
radical leaves, has been found on Victoria Peak, where it is so
rare as to have been gathered by only one collector. The exact
locality of A. Walkeri is not known, but as it has escaped the
notice of such keen collectors as Champion, Hinds, Hance,
Wright, Seeman, Wilford, and others, it cannot but be very
rare and local. Though only containing twenty-nine square
miles, the diminutive island of Hong-Kong contains upwards
of 1000 native species of Flowering Plants and Ferns, which —
is only one-third less than the British Islands possess. Many
of the most striking of these are more rare even than the
Ainslizas. Thus, speaking of the trees, Bentham states of
_ one that only three trees of it are known in the island; of
another that it was seen but once; and of a third that its
existence is only known from a specimen picked out of a
Arrit Isr, 1876,
faggot of wood which a Chinaman was carrying home!
Such facts as these, coupled with Capt. Walker's discovery of
this Aznsiiea, render it more than probable that not a few
novelties still lurk in this little British possession.
Ainsliea Walkeri was communicated by Mrs. Walker, of
Chase Cottage, Enfield, with whom it flowered for the first
time in December last, the plant being then three years old.
Descr. A rigid, erect herb, a foot high, glabrous below,
slightly pubescent. in the inflorescence. Stem cylindric,
green, leafy below, above terminating in a strict rachis
bearing many very slender, erecto-patent, floriferous branches.
Leaves erect and recurved, three to four inches long, narrow
ligulate, but narrowed from beyond the middle to the base,
keeled, dark green, terminated by a short bristle and several
very acute, subterminal teeth. Branches of panicle one to
two inches long, the lower with foliaceous, the upper with
minute subulate bracts. Heads very shortly pedicelled, few
together towards the tips of the branches, horizontal or
drooping. Involucre narrow, its scales ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, green. /owers about three. Corolla white, with
. five linear, spreading lobes. Anthers pale red-purple. Achene
short, with stiff, scabrid, discoloured pappus.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Head; 2, flower from the same :—both magnified.
Fe
*)
aS
:
>
a\
:
Tas. 6226.
DENDROBIUM rFuscatTum.
Native of the Eastern Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. OrcHIpE#£,— Tribe DENDROBIEZ.
Genus DenpRoBIUM, Swartz (Lindl. Gen, et Sp. Orchid, p. 74)-
DENDROBIUM fuscatum ; caulibus fasciculatis elongatis robustis undique foliatis
subcylindraceis sulcatis, nodis non incrassatis, foliis distichis lanceolatis v.
ovato-lanceolatis longe acuminatis striato-nervosis, racemis elongatis pen-
dulis multifloris, rachi_angulatim flexuoso, bracteis parvis lineari-oblongis
obtusis appressis viridibus, pedicellis gracilibus, floribus 2 poll. diametr.,
sepalis petalisque consimilibus late oblongis obtusis incurvo-patentibus
aurantiacis marginibus nudis, labello sepalis breviore late oblato cucullato
villoso et fimbriato aureo plagis duobus purpureis basin versus, marginibus
recurvi8, mento brevi obtuso, columna brevissima.
D, fuscatum, Lindl. in Journ, Linn. Soc., Aug. 1858, p. 8.
Lindley places this fine plant in his section Holochrysa,
correctly noticing its affinity with D. chrysanthum (Bot.
Mag., t. 1299), from which, however, it differs totally in
inflorescence and in wanting the crenated wings on the back
of the sepals and petals. In my apprehension it is still
nearer to D. fimbriatum, Hook. (Tab. nost 4160), a native of
the same countries, but which has larger flowers and narrower
leaves, and a much more rigid rachis of the raceme. The
double spot on the labellum of D. fuscatum might be supposed
to indicate a specific difference between this and D. jim-
briatum ; but’ whereas the type of the latter species has a
whole-coloured lip, the var. oculatum (Bot. Mag. supra) has
a large blotch, which, if divided into two, would represent the
markings of D. fuscatum.
D. fuscatum was first known from specimens collected by
myself in the hot valleys of the Sikkim Himalaya and the
-Khasia Mountains in 1848-1850, where it is far from
uncommon. A fine drawing of it (by a native artist) exists
in the Cathcart collection of Himalayan plants at Kew, and
represents many racemes from one stem, one of which has
fifteen flowers, all of a much deeper orange, almost orange-
brown, colour than in our figure. The specimen here figured
Apri Ist, 1876,
flowered in the garden of F. Currey, Esq., F.R.S., Sec. L.S.,
in April, 1864, and was imported, I believe, from the Khasia
Mountains.
Descr. Stems tufted, two to three feet long, nearly
cylindric, grooved, leafy throughout, the nodes one to two
inches long, not swollen, green. eaves four to six inches
long, sessile, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, very acuminate,
striate, sheath short. Racemes numerous from the leafless
nodes, four to seven inches long, drooping, shortly pedicelled,
6-15-flowered ; rachis very slender, zig-zag ; pedicels one inch
long; bracts linear-oblong, obtuse, appressed, green. Ovary
small. Perianth two inches in diameter, dark orange-yellow,
with two purple spots at the base of the lip. Sepals and
petals nearly equal and similar, broadly oblong, obtuse,
spreading, somewhat concave and incurved, margins quite
entire ; lateral sepals produced behind into a short, obtuse
spur. vp shorter than the sepals, oblate-orbicular, with a
recurved entire limb that is villous on the surface and
fimbriate on the margin. Column very short.—J. D. H.
Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp
Tas. 6227.
ALLIUM anceps.
Native of California.
Nat. Ord. Lintace2.—Tribe ALLIER.
Genus ALLIUM, Linn. (Regel, Mon. Alliorum, 1875).
ALLIUM anceps; bulbo solitario ovoideo tunicis membranaceis, scapo brevi lato
acuto ancipite, foliis loratis glabris viridibus carnoso-herbaceis caule longiori-
bus, spathz valvis 2-3 membranaceis brevibus deltoideis, umbellis densis
30-100-floris, pedicellis flore longioribus, perianthii saturate ey, News
mentis linearibus acutis flore expanso supra basin patulis, staminibus levi
exsertis, capsulis globosis vix cristatis,
A. anceps, Kellogg in Proc. Calif. Acad,, vol. ii., p. 109, t. 32 ; S. Wats. Bot., 40th
Parall., p. 352 et 488, tab. 36, fig. 4-6; Regel, Mon. All., p. 251.
This is a very curious species of Allium, remarkable for
its dwarf habit, broad, flat, acutely-angular stems, and very
dense umbels of bright purple flowers with acute segments.
It inhabits the Sierra Nevada portion of the Rocky
Mountains, both upon the Californian and Nevadan sides, at
an elevation above sea-level of from four to five thousand
feet ; and of course, like all the other known species of the
genus—now, according to Dr. Regel’s estimate, above 250 in
number—is quite hardy in England in the open air. The
plate was drawn from specimens sent by Messrs. Veitch, with
whom it flowered in May, 1875. Our single dried specimen
at Kew was gathered at Visco by Dr. Bolander. There are
two other species of similar habit in the same region, VizZ.,
A. faleifolium, Hook. & Arn., and A. Tolmiei, Baker MSS.,
the latter described as a variety of A. Douglasii in Hooker’s
“ Flora Boreali-Americana,” vol. ii., p. 185. :
Drscr. Bulb solitary, ovoid, with membranous tunics.
Scape two to four inches high, flat, acutely edged, one-sixth
to one-quarter of an inch broad. Leaves two, leaving the
scape at the base, lorate, thick, fleshy, faleate, glabrous, -
to nine inches long, one-half to three-quarters of an ine
broad. Valves of the spathe two or three, membranous,
deltoid, shorter than the umbel, tinged with red. Flowers
APRIL Ist, 1876.
thirty to one hundred, in a dense umbel; pedicels one-
quarter’to half an inch long. Perianth bright purple, one-
third of an inch deep, the linear acute divisions spreading
horizontally above a permanent basal cup. Stamens finally
just exserted; filaments uniform, subulate ; anthers oblong.
Capsule globose, scarcely at all crested on the back of the
valves; seeds usually two in a cell.—J. G@. Baker.
Fig. 1, A single flower ; 2, pistil : both magnified.
*
COLONIAL AND FOREIGN FLORAS.
Flora Vitiensis; a Description of the Plants of the Viti or
Fiji Islands, with an Account of their History, Uses, and Properties. By Dr.
cone Seemann, F.L.8. Royal 4to, 100 Coloured Plates, complete in one vol.,
eloth, £8 5s,
Flora of India. By Dr. J. D. Hooxer, F.R.S., and others. Parts
I. to IIL, 10s. 6d. each.’ Vol. I., 32s.
Flora Capensis; a Systematic Description of the Plants of the
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Tas. 6228.
HOODIA Gorpont.
Native of Little Namaqualand.
Nat. Ord. ASCLEPIADACE ®.—Tribe STAPELIER.
Gen. Cuar.—Calyz brevis, 5-partitus, foliolis acuminatis basi glandulis minutis
interpositis. Corolla tubo parvo, limbo maximo dilatato concavosepius demum
explanato membranaceo nervoso obsolete 5-lobo, lobis abrupte apiculatis.
Corona duplex, cyathiformis vel rotata ; exterior tubo stamineo septis affixa,
5-partita, segmentis latis cavis bifidis vel plus minusve 2-lobis; interior
squamis 5 septis antherisque basi adnatis oblongis incumbentibus.
Anthere breves, oblonge, inappendiculate, stigmati incumbentes et semi-
immerse. Pollinia erecta, semi-orbicularia, funiculo appendice membranacea
lanceolata munito. Stigma vertice subplanum. Folliculi utrinque acuminati,
leeves.—Herbe cactiformes Africe australis et tropice incole.
Hoopta Gordoni; corolla diametro 4-pollicari demum explanata intus glabra,
corone exterioris segmentis oblongis obscure bilobis.
H. Gordoni, Sweet Hort, Brit., 2nd ed., p. 359.
StapeLra Gordoni, Mass, Stap. Nov., p. 24, pl. 40; Don Gen. Syst., vol. iv., p, 116.
‘MonotuyLaceum Gordoni, Don. J.c.
ScrTantuus Gordoni, Hook. Ic., pl. 625.
This very remarkable plant was discovered near the
Orange River by Colonel Gordon. He made a drawing .on the
spot, which Masson published in his “ Stapelia Nove” (1796).
For nearly half a century nothing more was known of it than
this figure, which seemed so extraordinary “that our Stapelia-
growers used to speak of it as a fiction.” The plant, however,
was rediscovered in quantity by Mr. Burke, a gardener of the
Earl of Derby, who was sent out at that nobleman’s expense
to accompany Mr. Zeyher on an expedition for collecting
plants and animals. Living plants were cultivated at Know-
sley, Lancashire, Lord Derby’s seat, but I am not aware that
they ever flowered, the plate published in the “ Icones
Plantarum” being based upon Mr. Burke’s dried specimens,
presented with his other botanical collections to Sir. W-
Hooker, and now in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens.
In 1874 H.E. Sir H. Barkly, the Governor of the Cape,
May 1st, 1876,
obtained from Henkries, near the Orange River, two fine
specimens of this plant. One unfortunately died, but the
other reached Kew in perfect coadition, having been carefully
suspended in a wooden box without earth. Sir Henry
Barkly remarks that plants of Hoodia as well as Piaran:
ius usually have a single tap-root with branchlets spreading
out laterally at some depth, and that they often die when
transplanted. The Kew plant appeared at first to be in
excellent health, and after flowering in 1875 (for the first
time, I believe, in Europe) made some growth, but at the
beginning of the present year it rotted off at the crown with-
out apparent cause.
Desor. Stems numerous from the crown, erect or some-
what spreading, cylindric, slightly branched, leafless, younger
portions with closely-set spirally-arranged tubercles, ulti-
mately confluent into prominent longitudinal ridges ; tubercles
with a strong slightly-deflexed prickle swollen at the base.
Flowers produced near the apex of the branches, 1-3-together,
shortly petiolate. Calyx short, five-partite ; segments acumi-
nate, with minute glands interposed between each pair. Obrolla
with a very short tube; limb about four inches in diameter, at
first slightly concave, ultimately nearly flat or even reflexed,
obsoletely five-lobed; lobes abruptly apiculate, membranous,
with pale radiating nerves, pale brownish flesh-coloured,
glabrous. Corona double ; exterior spreading, adnate to the
staminal tube by five vertical septa, five-lobed, lobes oblong,
concave, obscurely bilobed ; interior of five narrowly oblong
incumbent scales adnate to the septa and the base of the
anthers. Anthers short, oblong, inappendiculate, incumbent
on the stigma and half-immersed in it. Stigma flattened at
the apex. Podllen-masses erect. Follicles in pairs, tapering to
each end, smooth.— W. 7. T. D.
Fig. 1, Reduced sketch of whole plant; 2, flowering-stem, natural size; 3,
gynostemium from side ; 4, gynostemium from above; 5, pollen-masses :—3-5
are magnified analyses from flowers of Hoodia Currori preserved in spirit.
9” 9
6
SE REM et SRE daRRetaR
eR es kre
sea el ore
Tas. 6229.
ODONTOGLOSSUM PRENITENS.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord, OncHIpEx,—Tribe VANDER.
Genus OponroaLossum, H, B. et K. (Lindl. Fol. Orchid., Oaontoglossum).
ODONTOGLOssUM (Xanthoglossum) prenitens; pseudobulbis elongato-oblongis
angustis compressis, foliis 6-8-pollicaribus lineari-oblanceolatis acutis subtus
carinatis enerviis, scapo gracili 6-8-flore, bracteis parvis acutis, floribus 2
poll. diametr. aureis plagis latis fusco-purpureis, sepalis petalisque sub-
similibus elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis marginibus subundulatis, labelli
ungue lineari-obcuneato albo basi utrinque 2-corniculato, lamina suborbi-
culata crispata denticulata callis basi 2 corniiformibus porrectis et
lamella lata denticulata disco adnata aucta, columna auriculata ecirrosa.
O. prenitens, Reichb, f. in Gard, Chron., N.S., vol. iii. (1875), p. 524.
Reichenbach describes this as an interesting addition to
our knowledge of Odontoglossa, allied to O. triumphans, but
with smaller flowers, and as suggesting the suspicion that it
might prove to be a hybrid between that species and 0. ¢ri-
pudians : it however differed in the shape of the lip so much that
he was obliged to abandon this idea. On the other hand, this
justly celebrated Orchidologist speaks doubtfully of the specific
value of O. preenitens in saying that it “ may prove as good a
Species as O. nevadense.” :
O. prenitens is a native of New Grenada, whence it was
collected by Mr. Gustave Wallis for Messrs. Veitch, who
forwarded the specimen here figured in April, 1875.
Dxrscr. Pseudo-bulbs two inches long, narrowly oblong,
slender, much flattened, with acute margins. Leaves six
to eight inches long, recurved, narrow, linear-oblanceolate,
acute, narrowed towards the base and there concave, nearly
flat above, keeled at the back, dark green. Scape together
with the raceme as long as the leaves, slender, inclined, six
to eight-flowered, green ; bracts one quarter of an inch long,
appressed to the pedicel, which with the ovary is from an
inch to an inch and a half long. Flowers lax, two inches in
diameter, of a bright golden yellow and shining surface, with
May list, 1876.
irregular transverse blotches of brown-purple on all the seg-
ments. Sepals and petals nearly equal and similar, elliptic-
lanceolate, acuminate, rather waved. Column clawed; claw
linear-obcuneate, with a pair of horned calli on each side
towards the base, its thickened disk terminating in two
nearly horizontal horns that are as it were inserted at the
base of the blade and project over it; blade orbicular-reni-
form, with a crumpled and toothed margin, and bearing on
its disk a thickened plate with a toothed margin concentric
with the margin of the lip itself. Column with short, broad
auricles.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Side, and 2, front view of column and lip :—both magnified.
6230
Tas. 6230.
VITEX LInDENI.
Native of New Grenada ?
Nat, Ord, VERBENACE&®,—Tribe VITICEA,
Genus ViTEX, Linn, (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. ii., p. 1154).
Vitex Lindeni ; frutex ramulis gracilibus junioribus et inflorescentia cano-
puberulis, foliis 3-5-foliolatis, foliolis sessilibus ellipticis v. elliptico-obovatis
abrupte acuminatis glaberrimis membranaceis, cymis axillaribus longe
pedunculatis capituleformibus paucifloris, floribus brevissime pedicellatis,
bracteis minutis, calyce cylindraceo-campanulato; breviter squaliter
5-dentato puberulo, corolle pallide violacex tubo calyce ter longiore, limb
plani labiis patentibus convexis superiore minore 2-lobo lobis‘ovatis obtusis,
inferiore 3-lobo lobis orbiculatis, genitalibus breviter exsertis, connectivo
globoso, stigmatis lobis subulatis,
Apparently a shrub or small shrubby tree, cultivated in the
Palm House at Kew during the last three years, received
from Mr. Linden in 1872, and a native presumably of New
Grenada. It is closely allied to V. capitata, Vahl., of
Trinidad, and V. Schomburgkiana, Schauer, of British Guiana ;
differing from the former in the much shorter, broader leaf-
lets without the caudate apices, and from the latter in wanting
the soft tomentum of the leaves and branchlets, and from
both in the more cylindric calyx. It flowers annually at
Kew about the month of May.
Duscr. Stem erect, branches cylindric and covered with
white bark. Branches very spreading, leafy towards the
apex; branchlets covered with a very fine gray hoary
pubescence, as is the whole inflorescence. Leaves opposite,
three to five-foliolate; petiole slender, one to three inches
long ; leaflets sessile, as long as or longer than the petiole,
elliptic or elliptic-obovate, with a rather abruptly narrowed
point, quite entire, glabrous on both surfaces, membranous,
pale green. Cymes in the opposite axils, capitate, on very
slender naked peduncles that are much longer than the
petioles, three to six-flowered. Flowers sessile or very shortly
pedicelled, with a minute bract at the apex of the pedicel.
Calyx about one-eighth of an inch long, between cylindric
May Ist, 1876,
and campanulate, five-toothed, hoary. Corolla-tube three
times as long as the calyx, externally pale violet, streaked
with purple within. Lmb two-thirds of an inch in diameter,
pale violet, very spreading; upper lip of two convex broadly-
ovate lobes smaller than the lower lip, which has three nearly
orbicular convex lobes. Samens slightly exserted ; filaments
inserted at a ring of hairs in the corolla-tube ; anthers blue,
cells divaricate, connective globose. Ovary obovoid, sessile,
slender; stigma two-toothed.—/J. D, H.
Fig. 1, Corolla laid open; 2, anther; 3, pedicel and calyx; 4, ovary :—alé
magnified,
6251
x imp
on
a
‘
lay '
Vincent. Brooks
Tas. 6231.
CALCEOLARIA TENELLA.
Native of Chili.
Nat. Ord, ScroPHULARIACEZ.—Tribe, CALCEOLARIE.
Genus CaLceoLaria, Linn, (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. ii., p. 929).
CauceoLaRrA (Kucalceolaria) tenella; pusilla, perennis, herbacea, prostrata,
superne viscidula, ramis decumbentibus radicantibus, foliis brevissime petio-
latis ovatis orbiculatisve subacutis marginibus recurvis v. planis integerrimis
v. remote crenatis utrinque viridibus, corymbis subsessilibus v. pedunculatis
laxe paucifloris, calycis laciniis late triangulari- ovatis subacutis puberulis,
corolle glabre labiis alte connatis superiore concavo calycem superante,
inferiore duplo majore orbiculato valde inflato ad medium aperto.
C. tenella, Pap, et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp., vol. iii., p. 76, t. 287; Benth. in DC.
Prodr., vol. x., p. 214; C. Gay, Flor. Chil., vol. v., p- 193,
A very elegant little plant, of a bright glossy green, with
pale golden flowers spotted with red within the corolla. It
was discovered by the German traveller Peeppig in 1823,
and gathered subsequently by the English botanical collector,
Bridges, growing in sandy places and on wet rocks near the
rivers of the Andes, and in Valdiyia, and has since been col-
lected by Lechler, Philippi, and various other botanists, up to
an elevation of 4-5000 ft. ,
Seeds of it were sent by Mr. G. Downton, when travelling
for Messrs. Veitch, from which the specimen here figured
was raised in 1873. It appears to be quite hardy, and like
many other Chilian plants yet to be introduced, including
not a few Calceolarias, it will prove an attractive ornament
to the rock-garden. :
Duscr. A diffuse, leafy, straggling, perennial herd, more
or less clothed with a fine viseid pubescence on the in-
florescence, branchlets, and sometimes on the leaves. Branches
slender, prostrate and rooting, with ascending coor
Leaves in loose or close-set pairs, shortly petioled or sessile,
one-fourth to one-third of an inch long, ovate or orbicular-
ovate, subacute, quite entire or distantly crenate, green on
both surfaces. Corymbs few-flowered, terminating the branch-
May Ist, 1876.
lets, subsessile or on elongated slender peduncles, which are
sometimes six inches long, and simple or dichotomously
branched ; bracts of lower flowers leaf-like, of upper smaller,
oblong. Flowers pedicelled, yellow, about half an inch long,
shortly pedicelled, golden-yellow, with orange-red spots within
the lower lip. Sepals triangular-ovate, obtuse or subacute,
puberulous and viscid. Corolla glabrous, upper lip trans-
versely oblong or reniform, inflated, united for three-fourths
of its margins with the lower, which is three times as large,
suborbicular, inflated. Capsule broadly ovoid, with a con-
tracted, upcurved, obtuse apex hardly exceeding the calyx.
Seeds very minute, red-brown, cylindric-oblong, abruptly
apiculate at the rounded apices, grooved, and minutely trans-
versely striolate.—J. D. H.
Figs. 1, 2, and 3, Front, oblique, and lateral views of flower :—magnified.
Tas. 6232,
ARUNDO CONSPICUA.
Native of New Zealand.
$$
Nat. Ord, Gramites —Tribe ARUNDINER. —
Genus AruNDO, Linn. (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 91.)
ARUNDO conspicua; dense cespitosa, culmis cum foliis basi crassitie digitis,
foliis effusis erecto-recurvis angustis crassis coriaceis concavis levibus mar-
ginibus involutis scaberulis, apicibus longissimis scabridis, costa subtus
valida, vaginis creberrime sulcatis, ligula e fasciculo pilorum tenuissimorum,
culmis floriferis 3-8-pedalibus, panicula 1-2-pedali effusa copiose ramosa,
ramis pendulis, spiculis % poll. longis pallide stramineis nitidis 1-3-floris,
glumis vacuis equalibus longissime acuminatis, glumis floriferis in aristam
gracillimam tortam spiculam xequantem attenuatis basi pilis sericeis elongatis
instructis, palea oblonga glumis mulloties minore.
A. conspicua, Forst. Prodr., n. 48; Willd. Sp. Pl., vol. i.. p. 456; Hook. f. Flor-
Nov. Zel., vol. i., p. 299; Handbook of N. Zealand Flor., p. 331.
A. australis, A, Rich Voy. “ Astrolabe,” yol. i., p. 121; 4. Cun. in Hook. Comp.
Bot. Mag. vol. ii., p. 371. ; (
A. Richardi, Endl.
A. Kakao, Steud, Synops. Glumac., vol. i., p. 134.
CALAMAGROSTIS conspicua, Gmel. Syst., vol. i., p. 172; Kunth Enum. Plant., vol.
i, p. 238.
ACHNATHERUM conspicuum, Pal. Beauv. Essais, p. 20.
GYNERIUM? zelanicum, Steud. /.c., p. 198.
This, which is perhaps the most beautiful Grass known to
me, is, though long ago introduced into England through
Kew, now for the first time figured in any work. It was
discovered by Banks and Solander during Cook’s first voyage,
and gathered during his second voyage by Forster, who
published it in his “ Florule insularum australiam Prodro-
mus” in 1786. It abounds throughout the Island of New
Zealand, from the Bay of Islands to Otago, and in the
Chatham Islands, growing in wet places, but is found in no
other part of the world. It is the Toe Toe and Kakaho of
the natives, who use the culms for lining their houses with a
kind of reed-matting. ‘a4
Though long grown and increased, and a most ornamen
plant for greenhouse and conservatory culture, holding its
Mar Ist, 1876.
splendid shining panicles for months, it is seldom used for
indoor decoration, and is rarely seen in the open border,
where it resists an ordinary winter. In general habit it
resembles the Gynerium argenteum, but is smaller and incom-
parably more attractive, both from its elegant habit and the
brilliant lustre of its pale straw-coloured silky spikelets. It
was introduced into Kew about he year 1843, I believe by
the late Dr. Sinclair, R.N., and holds its flowers almost
throughout the year.
Descr. Tufts three to five feet across, circular, the leaves
drooping gracefully all round. Culms as thick as the thumb
at the base. Leaves two to four feet long, very slender,
involute, coriaceous, deeply closely channelled, upper surface
margins and long slender point scabrid; sheath quite smooth
and shining; ligule of very soft silky hairs. /lowering-
culm three to eight feet high, strict, leafy, the leaves re-
flexed. Panicle inclined, one to two feet long, drooping, with
innumerable pendulous branches all hanging to one side;
branches whorled, and branchlets very slender, smooth.
Spikelets pedicelled, two-thirds of an inch long, slender,
one to three-flowered, with sometimes a fourth imperfect
flower, pale straw-coloured. Empty glumes nearly equal, mem-
branous, narrow-lanceolate, ending in almost capillary awns.
Flowering-glumes also narrow-lanceolate, ending in twisted
capillary awns that equal those of the empty glumes,
surrounded at the base by long silky hairs. Palea oblong,
short.—J. D. H. :
Fig. 1. Diminished view of a portion of a plant; 2, portion of leaf, and 3, of
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FOR MANY YEARS A RESIDENT IN THE COLONY.
EDITED BY
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CONTENTS. wie
CHAPTER,
I. Geographical Position and Character.
II. Geological Formation.
III. Climate.
IV. Wild Animal Life.
V. Indigenous Vegetable Productions.
VI. Early History.
VII. British Colonisation and Rule.
VIII. Social Progress and Prospects.
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Frontispiece. View on the Palmiet River, near Westville.
Physical and Topographical Map of the Colony.
Plan of the Inner Bay or Harbour. : .
Sandstone Wall on the shoulder of Pietermaritzburg Table
Mountain. ‘
Mines at the Diamond Fields on the Vaal River.
The Valley of the Umgeni from Table Mountain.
The Lower Falls of the Umgeni.
Great Fall of the Umgeni at Howick.
Glade at Aliceville, with Wild Bananas and Date-palms.
10. Euphorbia Caput-Meduse.
11. Arduinia grandiflora—Amatungulu.
12. Scarlet Cyrtanthus—Flame-lily.
13. Thunbergia Natalitia. :
14, Portrait of Langalibalele, Chief of the Amahlubi Kaffirs.
15. Mission on the Hills near Verulam.
16. Kranzkop ; overlooking the Tugela Valley.
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Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp
Tas. 6233.
MONOPYLE RAcEmosa.
Native of New Grenada.
Nat. Ord, GESNERACEZ,—Tribe GESNEREX,
Genus Monopy.e, Moritz ; (Benth, et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol, ii., p. 997).
MoNopyLE racemosa, tenuiter pubescens, caule erecto, foliis petiolatis ovatis Vv.
ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis serrulatis basi «qualibus acutis, racemo dense
multifloro erecto, bracteis parvis oblongis recurvis, pedicellis calycem
equantibus, calycis lobis ovato-rotundatis obtusis patentibus superlore
minore, corolle albe tubo lato ventricoso inferne gibbo, ore modice con-
tracto, limbi brevis patentis lobis brevibus recurvis 3 inferioribus irregu-
lariter inciso-dentatis.
MONOPYLE racemosa, Benth. in Hook. Ie. Pl. sub tab. 1198.
,
i nat
A very handsome gesneraceous plant, referred by Bentham
to a South American genus, of which no species has pre-
viously been figured, or perhaps even cultivated in England,
though, judging from the dried specimens of the six or eight
known kinds, all are beautiful things and well worthy of
stove cultivation. In the form ofthe corolla and its toothing
M. racemosa approaches nearer to the true Gloxinias than to
the other species of Monopyle, nor has it the unequal pair of.
leaves or unequally-based leaves that prevail in the latter
genus. The American genera of Gesneracew, however, pr esent
unusual difficulties in respect to their limitation, and it
remains to be seen whether the fruit of Monopyle racemosa
resembles that of its supposed congeners in its very narrow
clavate form.
M. racemosa was raised from New Grenadan seeds by
Messrs. Veitch, who sent the specimen here figured for
determination in July of last year. ‘
Descr. A rather stout herb, clothed throughout with
a soft pubescence. Sfem cylindric, dark brown-purple.
Leaves rather close-set, opposite, petioled, pars equal, ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate, base equal and subacute, upper
surface bright pale green; petiole a quarter to half an inch
long, reddish, with a bright pale-green swollen blotch at
= base, upon which blotch is an eye-like . purple dot
UNE lst, 1876.
on each side, forming a curious contrast to the dark stem.
Raceme stout, erect, terminal, many-flowered, simple or
compound at the base; rachis stout, green; bracts small,
oblong, obtuse, recurved, green; pedicels about a quarter
of an inch long. Culyz-tube hemispheric; limb expanded,
of five unequal broadly-ovate obtuse lobes, the upper
smallest. Corolla white, one inch long, three-quarters of
an inch in diameter across the broadest part of the ven-
tricose tube, which is slightly curved and gibbous on the
under side; limb three-quarters of an inch broad, short,
recurved, five-lobed, the lobes very broad, truncated, the
three lower irregularly and rather deeply toothed ; obscurely
spotted within. Stamens included, filaments slender, curved ;
anthers cohering cross-wise, small, two-celled, with lon-
gitudinal dehiscence; staminode minute, subulate. Disk
depressed, . Style short, curved ; stigma obtuse.—/. D, H.
Fig. 1, Pedicel, calyx-limb, disk, and style; 2, corolla laid open :—both
enlarged.
Be”
2 fy a
Yrnceut Brocks Day &Son imp
ie.
Tan 6234.
DRAC AINA SaposcHNikowl.
Native country unknown.
+ n
Nat. Ord, Lit1ace£.—Suborder AsparaGace®..—Tribe, DRACENEX.
Be
siv-op. 523.)
Genus Dracmna, Vand.: (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol, .
a & -
DRACENA Saposchnikowi; arborea, dichotomiter ramosa, foliis dense rosiilatis Ue
sessilibus ensiformibus tripedalibus subcoriaceis viridibus, marginibus con-
» coloribus, costa ad faciem inferiorem preter apicem perspicua, panicule
«© ample pedunculate deltoides ramis deflexis, bracteis minutis deltoideis, ©
_ pedicellis 2-6-nis prope apicem articulatis, perianthio albido-viridulo 4 lin.
italy das ligulatis tubo campanulato 3-4-plo superantibus, genitali-
us inclusis,
D. Saposchnikowi, Regel Gartenflora, vol. xx., p. $23, tab. 705; Revis, p. 39;
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xiv., p. 528. :
This is a species of tall, tree-like habit, of which the native
country is unknown. It has been long in the Kew collection,
_ but did not flower till the spring of 1875. The plant was
described and named by Dr. Regel in 1871, from specimens
which flowered in the garden of the Russian gentleman after
whom it is named, who procured it from Herr Wagner, of
Riga. It has close allies both in Tropical Asia and Tropical
Africa. It is remarkable for its very dense rosettes of wigid,
sword-shaped leaves, and for its very small flowers, which,
although the panicle is ample and diffuse, are less than those
of any other known species.
Descr. Trunk arborescent, reaching in the Kew punt,
height of ten feet, repeatedly forked when fully developed. —
Leaves in a very dense rosette at the end of the branches)
sessile, ensiform, reaching a length of two and a half to three
feet, one and a half inch broad at the middle, narrowed to
less than an inch above the dilated base, bright green, firm
in texture, with a concolorous edge, and a midrib which 1s
distinctly marked on the lower side except towards the tip.
Flowers in ample, deflexed, deltoid, peduncled panicles with
decurved branches; pedicels two to six in a ch ster, one-
eighth to one-sixth of an inch long, articulated Just belowsthie™
tip; bracts deltoid or lanceolate, whitish, usually shorter
June Ist, 1876.
than the pedicels. Perianth greenish-white, cylindrical, one-
quarter to one-third of an inch long, the ligulate, spreading
segments three or four times as long as the campanulate tube.
Stamens inserted at the throat of the tube, shorter than the
segments. Style included; stigma obscurely three-lobed.—
J. G. Baker.
“5 37)
62.
mt Brooks Day & Son Imp
y
TAB, 6255.
COTYLEDON rererrrorta.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. CRASSULACEZ.
Genus CoTYLEDON, Linn, ; (Benth. et Hook. f., Gen. Plant., vol. i., p. 659).
*.
CotyLEDON (Paniculate)' teretifolia; glanduloso-pubescens v. tomentosa, caule
robusto ascendente, foliis sessilibus hexastiche oppositis 2-5-pollicaribus
subcylindraceis crasse carnosis apicibus subspathulato-rotundatis et dis-
coloribus, pedunculo crasso erecto nudo y. foliis paucis oppositis alternisve
instructo, cyma effusa ramis patentibus, calycis lobis triangulari-ovatis,
corollz auree tubo brevi, lobis elongatis lineari-oblongis acutis patenti-
recurvis, filamentis conniventibus exsertis, glandulis hypogynis parvis, car-
pellis in stylos elongatos apice patentes attenuatis, stigmatibus capitellatis.
CrassuLa teretifolia, Thunb. Prod. Fl. Cap., p.83; DC. Prod., vol. iii., p. 397 ;
Harv, et Sond, Fl, Cap., vol. ii., p. 373.
.
The Cape Crassulacee, once the favourites of the green-
house, have, with the exception of some gaudy Crassulas,
long gone out of fashion amongst cultivators, or are relegated
to the specialist or botanist. Nevertheless, they comprise a
series of as beautiful and easily cultivated plants as any group
ofthe vegetable kingdom, and that their day will dawn again
is certain. Already, indeed, the rich collection in the Suc-
culent House at Kew has many admirers, and, thanks espe-
cially to this and to the example and liberality of Mr. Wilson
Saunders, the number of cultivators of this class of plants who —
regularly correspond with Kew is very considerable.
The genus Cotyledon, which is represented in England only _
by the curious Navel-wort, so common on the walls and rocks of
the south and west coasts of the British Isles, and in Europe,
North Africa, and West Asia by a few other species, attains its
maximum of development in South Africa, where upwards of
twenty species are known, and from whence not a small
number have been so imperfectly described that they cannot be
identified ; for, indeed, it is a genus that can only be studied
upon living specimens. In South Africa it is chiefly confined
to the south-western corner of the continent, most of the
species occurring in the Cape Town district. To this
June Ist, 1876,
C. teretifolia is rather an exception, it being found as far to
the east as the province of Graaf Reinet and Somerset, where
it forms an undershrub on the hills. Living specimens have
been received at Kew from Mr. Wilson Saunders in 1873,
and from the late Mr, D. Hanbury, which flower in the month
of July. .
Descr. A branching undershrub, clothed with a more or
less dense pubescence of short, soft hairs, which are glandular
on the inflorescence especially. Branches as thick as the
finger, and a foot or more long. Leaves opposite, in six series
round the branches, three to eight inches long, cylindric or
nearly so, contracted towards the sessile base, rather expanded
towards the tip into a triangularly rounded discoloured apex,
the old ones obscurely flattened and channelled down the
middle, pale green except the red-brown apex. Peduncle six
to eighteen inches high, stout, terete, naked, or with one or
two opposite or alternate small leaves. Cyme four to ten ©
inches in diameter, nearly flat-topped; bracts scattered,
linear, deciduous ; pedicels spreading, half to one and a half
inch long. Calyz-tube obscure, lobes of variable length and
breadth, triangular-ovate, acute, glandular. Cvrolla bright
yellow, tube rather longer than the calyx-lobes, five-angled ;
limb of five spreading and reflexed narrow acute segments,
which are glandular on the back. Séamens erect, exserted,
with the filaments slender and conniving by their middle;
anthers very small. Hypogynous glands minute, emarginate.
Carpels elongate, narrowed into slender styles with radiating
tips; stigma capitate.-—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, carpels and hypogynous glands :—both magnified,
6236
Vincenl Brooks Day8 Soul
NFitch del eb Lith
“1
¥
Tas. 6236.
MILLA LEICHTLINII.
Native of Chilian Andes.
Nat, Ord, Lintace£,—Tribe MILLEA,
Genus MILLa, Cav. ; (Baker in Journ, Linn. Soc., x1,,-378).
MILLA Leichtlinii; cormo magno globoso collo elongato, foliis 5-6 synanthiis
erectis loratis viridibus obtusis facie canaliculatis umbellas superantibus,
scapis brevissimis, umbellis 1-3-floris, spathe valvis 1-2 lanceolatis mem-
branaceis, pedicellis crassis brevissimis, perianthii rotati tubo cylindrico
viridulo pollicari, segmentis albis oblongis patulis tubo duplo brevioribus
dorso viridi vittatis, staminibus prope faucem tubi obscure biseriatis
antheris parvis oblongis, ovario oblongo, stylo elongato, stigmate obscure
tricuspidato,
M. Leichtlinii, Baker in Gard. Chron., 1875, p. 234.
This is a very distinct new species of Milla. It is a
native of the Chilian Andes, and was imported to Europe by
our indefatigable correspondent, Max Leichtlin, Esq., who
presented a living plant and seeds to the Kew collection,
where it flowered at the latter end of January, 1874. It is”
quite hardy, and the flowers are slightly fragrant. In struc-
ture it comes near M. porrifolia, Baker (Bot. Mag., t. 5997),
but the habit is totally different, the peduncles and pedicels
being so short as to mix up the flowers amongst the leaves
near the surface of the soil, and here the flower is much
larger, with a tube twice as long as the segments, instead of
only a third or half as long. There is a M. sessiliflora in
Chili of similar habit to the present species, which has not
yet been introduced, with leaves a line broad and solitary
flowers with narrow segments.
Dxscr. Corm globose, an inch thick, sending out copious
radical fibres, and furnished with a long, thick neck sheathed
by the bases of the outer leaves. Produced leaves about half-
a-dozen to a cluster, contemporary with the flowers and over-
topping them, erect, glabrous, bright green, lorate, obtuse,
three to four inches long, a quarter of an inch broad,
channelled down the face. Umbels two to three to a corm,
June Ist, 1876.
each one to three-flowered, the peduncle not rising above the
surface of the soil; spathe one and a half inch long, formed
of one or two lanceolate, membranous valves; pedicels very
short. Perianth rotate, one and a half to one and three-
quarters of an inch long, with a greenish cylindrical tube
twice as long as the oblong, spreading segments, which are
pure white on the face, but marked with a distinct green
keel down the back. Stamens obscurely biseriate, inserted
near the throat of the tube; filaments flattened, greenish,
a quarter of an inch long; anthers small, oblong, yellow, °
versatile. Ovary oblong, sessile, with very numerous hori-
zontal ovules in each cell; style filiform) reaching to the
throat of the tube; stigma obscurely tricuspidate. Capsule
oblong, membranous, half an inch long. Seeds black, sub-
globese.— J. G. Baker.
6237
Vincent Brooks Day & Son HP
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bas. 6237,
ODONTOGLOSSUM HAL.
Native of Peru and New Grenada.
Nat. Ord. OrcHIDEL,—Tribe VANDER.
Genus OpontoGLossum, H, B. et K. ; (Lindl, Fol. Orchid., Odontoglossum).
ODONTOGLOSSUM (Kuodontoglossum) Hallii; pseudobulbis ovatis compressis
marginibus acutis, foliis pedalibus ensiformibus acuminatis basi angustatis,
scapo gracili elongato, racemo multifloro laxo nutante, bracteis ovato-
lanceolatis acuminatis, sepalis petalisque consimilibus oblongo-lanceolatis
caudato-acuminatis aureis badio late fasciatis, labelli albi maculis 5 san-
guineis notati lobis lateralibus angustis erosis terminali dilatato transverse
oblongo eroso apice emarginato in sinu aristato, disco basi cristis 2 pec-
tinatis ornato, columne alis apicis versus pectinatis.
ODONTOGLOssUM Hallii, Lindl. in Bot. Reg., sub t. 1992; Fol. Orchid,, Odontogloss.,
p- 3; Bateman Monog. Odontogloss,, t, 21; Walp. Annal., vol. vi., p. 828;
fteich, Xen. Orchid., vol. i., p. 63.
Though differing somewhat in marking and slightly in
characters from the typical form of 0. Hallii figured by
Bateman, this must unquestionably be referred to that most
variable species; the only other to which it is allied being
O. luteo-purpureum, Lindl. (Bateman, Le., t. 17), which it
approaches in the more pectinate wings of the column and
im the broad terminal lobe of the lip, whilst it differs from
the latter plant in the colour of the flowers and the much
smaller bracts. I cannot, however, doubt that these two sup-
posed species are referable to varieties of one, as a consider-
ation of the varieties they severally exhibit tends to show.
Mr. Bateman indicates the clawed sepals and petals as chiefly
distinguishing 0. Hallii from luteo-purpureum, but I can find
no difference in this respect either in his drawings or in
native specimens; in fact, those organs are not clawed in
either species. ;
O. Halliiis a native of the Temperate Cordilleras of
Peru and New Grenada, where it attains an elevation of
eight thousand feet. The specimen here figured was flowered
by Messrs. Backhouse, of York, in March, 1866.
Descr. Pseudobulbs three to five inches long, ovate,
JunNE Ist, 1876.
compressed, with acute margins. Leaves a foot long, ensi- -
form, acuminate, narrowed to the base, channelled in front,
keeled on the back, deep green. Scape one to two feet long,
slender; raceme as long, many-flowered ;_ bracts ovate-
acuminate, much shorter than the pedicel, which, with the
- ovary, is an inch long. Pertanth three inches in diameter.
Sepals and petals spreading, subsimilar, elliptic-lanceolate,
caudate-acuminate, with recurved points, golden yellow,
with broad transverse bands and spots of rich yellow-brown.
Inp fiddle-shaped in outline, white, with a broad _heart-
Shaped blood-red spot on the disk of the middle lobe, and
two smaller ones on each side of the lateral lobes, margins
erose all round ; lateral lobes narrow, terminal, much dilated,
transversely oblong, emarginate, with a short awn in the
sinus ; disk with two parallel pectinate crests extending
from the base of the column between the lateral lobes, the
spines of the crests curving forwards and outwards. Column
_ white, its wings near the apex pectinate, with a few decurved
spines.—J. D. H.
Fig 1, Column and lip :—enlarged,
ve
6258
Tas. 6238. .
HEPTAPLEURUM poryzorrrom.
Native of Java.
Nat. Ord. ARALIACE%.—Series PANACEX.
Genus HEPTAPLEURUM, Gertn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. i., p. 942).
HEPTAPLEURUM polybotryum ; subscandens, fere glaberrimum, caule elato gracili
simpliciusculo verrucoso, foliis gracile petiolatis digitatis, foliolis 5-7 petio-
lulatis oblongo-ellipticis -ovatis v, -obovatis caudato-acuminatis integerrimis
basi cuneatis v. rotundatis, petiolo gracili basin versus verrucoso, petiolulis
basi incrassatis apice subarticulatis, stipula axillari, racemis axillaribus et ad
apicem caulis subverticillatim confertis elongatis gracilibus, pedunculis
gracilibus, umbellulis 8-16-floris, floribus parvis 5-andris, calycis hemi-
spherici limbos obsoletos, petalis ovatis calyptratim cohwrentibus, filamentis
elongatis, antheris parvis didymis, stigmatibus 5 papilleformibus.
HEPTAPLEURUM polybotryum, Seem. Journ. Bot., vol. iii., p. 78.
Paratropia polybotrya, Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat., vol. i., pars. i., p. 755.
P. TEsyMANNIANA, Hort.
? SCIODAPHYLLUM subavene, Blume Bijd., p. 876.
A very handsome, free-growing plant, of the large tropical
family of which the common Ivy is one of the few northern
representatives. The genus to which it belongs, long and
well known under the name of Paratropia (a name which
must give way to the prior one of Heptapleurum), comprises
upwards of sixty species, all natives of the Old World, some
of which are amongst the most common and handsome trees
of the Indian forests, being remarkable for the density of
their evergreen foliage.
H. polybotryum is a native of the mountain forests of
Java, where it attains the elevation of four thousand three
hundred feet, and whence specimens from various collectors are
preserved in the Kew Herbarium. It has been long incultivation
at Kew, having been received in 1860from the late Dr. Miquel,
at that time Professor of Botany, and in charge of the Botanic
Gardens of Utrecht. It flowers in the winter months, and is
probably common in Continental gardens, as 1t appears im
Linden’s catalogue under the name of Paratropia Teysman-
niana, the provisional name under which it was received at
Kew from Dr. Miquel.
June lst 1876,
Drscr. A slender, sparingly-branched, large shrub that
climbs or supports itself amongst the surrounding trees of the
forest, and in cultivation requires the support of a rafter or
stout staff, glabrous, except the young racemes, which have a
minute, scattered, and very deciduous stellate pubescence.
- Stem covered with hemispheric warts. Leaves alternate,
digitate ; stipule axillary, with its concavity to the stem,
embracing the base of the raceme; petiole five to eight inches
long, slender, swollen at the base and apex, warted in the
lower half; leaflets five to seven, six to eight inches long,
petiolulate, oblong-ovate -obovate- or -oblong, caudate-acumi-
nate, quite entire, base rounded or cuneate; petiolule half to
one and a half inch long, slender, almost globose at the base.
Racemes a foot and upwards long, solitary and axillary or
terminal and crowded, slender, spreading; bracts very deci-
duous ; peduncles slender, half to three-quarters of an inch
long ; pedicels quarter of an inch long, also slender. Flowers
small, green. Calyx-tube one tenth of an inch long, hemi-
spheric ; limb none. Pedals as long as the calyx-tube, ovate,
cohering into a cap. Filaments slender, spreading, four times
as long as the petals; anthers small, didymous. Ovary five-
celled ; stigmas reduced to hemispheric papille. Fruit the
size of a pepper-corn, globose, five-celled.—J. D. H.
_ Fig. 1, Reduced view of whole plant; 2, portion of leaf-stem, with leaf and
inflorescence of the natural size ; 3, flower ; 4, thesame with the petals cohering
ma cap around the anthers; 5, the same with the petals removed ; 6, transverse
section of ovary :—all magnified.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
CONTENTS OF No. 378, JUNE, 1876.
Tas. 6233.—MONOPYLE RACEMOSA.
» 6234.—DRACANA SAPOSCHNIKOWI.
» 6235.—COTYLEDON TERETIFOLIA.
, 6236.—MILLA LEICHTLINII.
» 6237.—ODONTOGLOSSUM HALLIT.
» 6238.—HEPTAPLEURUM POLYBOTRYUM.
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CONDITION AND PROSPECTS.
BY
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FOR MANY YEARS A RESIDENT IN THE COLONY.
EDITED BY
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LATE SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION IN THE COLONY.
CONTENTS.
bei
. Geographical Position and Character.
If. Geological Formation.
il. Climate.
IV. Wild Animal Life.
V. Indigenous Vegetable Productions.
VI. Early History.
VII. British Colonisation and Rule,
VIII. Social Progress and Prospects.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
dance hee Cee vee ees eee rand (net pata ae a
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2. Physical and Topographical Map of the Colony.
8. Plan of the Inner Bay or Harbour.
4. Sandstone Wall on the shoulder of Pietermaritzburg Table Mountain.
5. Mines at the Diamond Fields on the Vaal River.
6. The Valley of the Umgeni from Table Mountain.
7. The Lower Falls of the Umgeni.
8. Great Fall of the Umgeni at Howick.
9. Glade at Aliceville, with Wild Bananas and Date-palms.
10. Euphorbia Caput-Meduse. _
il. Arduinia grandiflora—Amatungulu.
12. Scarlet Cyrtanthus —Flame-lily,
13. omeeesy Natalita, is
14, Portrait of Langalibalele, Chief of the Amahlubi Kaffir
15, Mission on the Hills near Verulam. © - see
16. Kranzkop ; overlooking the Tugela Valley,
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6239
|
\
\
(G2
cG
Vincent Bro
Lath
W Fitch del el
Tab. 6239.
COSMIBUENA oprusIFoLia, var. LATIFOLIA.
Native of New Grenada:
Nat. Ord. ,RupIace£.—Tribe CINCHONEE.
Genus CosmiBuENA, Ruiz et Pav. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol, ii., p. 40).
CosMIBUENA obtusifolia ; glaberrima, foliis late elliptico-ovatis obtusis coriaceis
stipulis magnis oblongis, floribus subeorymbosis pedicellatis, calycis limbo
cylindraceo inzqualiter 5-dentato v. 5-lobo, corolla albz tubo elongato fauce
ampliato, limbi lobis oblongis apicé rotundatis imbricatis, antheris sessilibus
apicibus exsertis, disco conico truncato, stigmatibus brevibus obtusis. |
C. obtusifolia, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Per. et Chil., vol. iii., p. 3.
Buena obtusifolia, DC. Prod., vol. iii, p. 356; Klotzsch. in Hayne Arzneig.,
vol. xiy., t. 15.
Crncnona grandiflora, Rutz et Pav. l.c., vol. ii., p. 55, t. 198.
Var. latifolia, calycis limbo cylindraceo 5 lobo lobis oblongis obtusis.
Buena latifolia, Benth. Plant. Hartweg., p. 191; Walp. Rep., vol. vi., p. 69.
This handsome plant seems to be widely. spread in the hot
valleys of the Andes of Cauca in New Grenada to Tarapoto
in Peru, forming a beautiful small tree, twenty to thirty feet
high, with white fragrant flowers and a slightly bitter bark.
It varies very much in the size and form of the calyx-limb,
so much, in short, that I long hesitated before referring the
form here figured with that figured by Ruiz and Pavon, in
which the calyx-limb is not half the size, and has short, very
acute teeth. Specimens from nine different localities preserved
in the Kew Herbarium display an almost perfect transition
from a calyx-limb upwards of half an inch long with
obtuse lobes, to one not one-sixth of an inch long with acute
teeth. The flowers, too, vary greatly in size. Those of aa
latifolia are the largest of any, and most numerous 1 the
corymb. In the “Genera Plantarum,” vol. ii., p. 40, I Can
described the estivation of the corolla as contorted and -
twisted either to the right or the left ; in the fresh specimens
I find them to be twisted and imbricate, whence 1 suspect
JuLy lst, 1876,
that this character, so constant in Rubzacee as a rule, isin this
genus an inconstant one.
C. obtusifolia was sent to Kew by M. Linden, of Brussels,
under the name of Cascarilla grandifolia, which I do not
find in any publication ; it grew to a considerable size in the
Palm House, but never flowered. A cutting, however, given
to Mr. Howard and placed in a stove, speedily flowered, and
from it the accompanying drawing was made.
The Peruvians, according to Mr. Spruce, call this plant
‘‘ Azahar-sisa,” because the flowers smell like “ Agua de
Azahar ” (orange-water.)
Descr. A small glabrous tree. Leaves opposite, petioled,
three to six inches long, elliptic or rarely more or less ovate
or obovate, rounded at the tip, coriaceous, narrowed into the
petiole, which is one to one and a half inch long; under-
surface pale, nerves obscure. Flowers in terminal cymes,
peduncles stout, one half to three-quarters of an inch long.
Calyz-tube obconic or clavate; limb half an inch long,
cylindric, coriaceous, deciduous, 5-fid above the middle, lobes.
obtuse, unequal. Corolla white, very odorous; tube three
inches long, somewhat dilated for half an inch at the throat ;
limb spreading, segments five, oblong, rounded at the tip,
suffused with red on the outer surface, imbricate and twisted
in bud, with two segments inner and one outer. Stamens
sessile in the throat of the corolla, long, narrow, their tips
exserted. Disk conical; style slender; stigma bifid—
© fax Res 8
Fig. 1, Hstivation of corolla-lobes; 2, upper part of corolla laid open; 3,
ovary, disk, style, and stigma; 4, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.
240
6
Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp
Tas, 6240.
PESCATORIA LAMELLOSA.
Native of New Grenada.
a
Nat. Ord. OncuripE#,.—Tribe VaNDEz.
Genus Pescatoria, Reich. f. in Moht et Schlecht, Bot, Zeit., vol. x., p. 667 (1862).
Prscatoria lamellosa ; pseudobulbis 0, foliis pedalibus sessilibus anguste lanceo-
latis acuminatis basi angustatis, pedunculis validis 1-floris, bracteis oblongis
appressis viridibus, floribus 2} poll. diam., sepalis fiavo-viridibus, dorsali
elliptico, lateralibus majoribus oblongis acutis, petalis concoloribus spathu-
lato-oblongis acutis, labello lamina ovato-orbiculari convexo stramineo,
crista elevata semicirculari creberrime lamellata, lamellis aurantiacis et
brunneis, columna crassa, antice rufo-striata.
Pescatorta lamellosa, Reich. f. in Gard. Chron., vol. iv., 1875, p. 225.
I have again followed my friend, the younger Reichen-
bach, in keeping up his genus Pescatoria (often wrongly
spelled Pescatorea), adopting his reference of P. damellosa to
that genus in the “ Gardener's Chronicle” of last year, though
inclining more strongly than ever to adhere to the course he
adopted in 1861 of reducing Pescatoria to Zygopetalum (see
observations made on figure of P. Dayana, tab. 6214).
P. lamellosa is not nearly so handsome a species as the last-
named, though sufficiently attractive ; it flowered .t Veitch’s
establishment in August of last year, to which the plants
were sent by its discoverer, Mr. Wallis, from New Grenada.
Descr. Densely tufted. Pseudobulbs none. Leaves a
foot long by one to two inches broad, narrowly lanceolate,
acuminate, narrowed to the base, membranous, five-ribbed ; the
sheath one to one and a half inches long, hardly broader than
the base of the blade, green, striated. Peduncles solitary,
stout, three inches long, with two appressed oblong obtuse
green obliquely truncate sheaths, and a similar bract ap-
pressed to the ovary. Flower two and a half inches in
diameter, of a nearly uniform yellow-green colour, except the
lip, which is yellowish-white with an orange and brown
crest. Dorsal sepal elliptic, acute; lateral larger, oblong.
Petals spathulate, oblong, acute. ip nearly orbicular “in
JuLy Ist, 1876.
outline, with a cordate base; limb concave with decurved
margins ; crest semicircular, much raised, formed of narrow
close-set concentric plates streaked orange and brown.
Column very stout, curved, striated down the broad face.—
J.D. i,
Fig 1, Column ; 2, lip :— both enlarged.
Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp
Tas. 6241.
COREOPSIS (TuckERMANNIA) MARITIMA.
Native of California.
Nat, Ord. Composrrz,—Tribe HELIANTHOIDE,
Genus Corn psis, Linn. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant., vol. ti., p. 885).
Corzorsis (‘luckermannia) maritima ; perennis, glaberrima, caule elato robusto,
foliis sparsis bipinnatifidis, segmentis recurvo-divaricatis anguste linearibus
acutis integerrimis, pedunculis validis 1-floris, capitulis aureis 3-34 poll.
diam., involucri exterioris ‘bracteis 6-8 herbaceis patentibus anguste
lineari-oblongis, interioris bracteis membranaceis 8-10 2-seriatis appressis
oblongis obtusis coloratis, receptaculi paleis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis,
fl. radii ad 20 foemineis, ligulis late lineari-oblongis minute 3-dentatis, fi.
disci tubo angusto medio barbellato limbo parvo, acheniis calvis com-
pressis levibus.
C, (Tuckermannia) maritima, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. New Ser., vol. vii.,
p. 363; Torr. et Gray, Fl. N. Am., vol. ii., p 355.
Leptocrne maritima, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts § Sc., vol. vii., p. 358.
A native of maritime rocks in California, where it was
discovered by Nuttall in 1834-5, and introduced by him into
American gardens, and from whom we have dried specimens
collected at St. Barbara and at Utah. There are also
specimens in the Hookerian Herbarium, collected earlier still
by Coulter, but from what precise locality is not indicated.
The specimens here figured were received from Mr. Thompson,
of Ipswich, and flowered both at Kew and at Ipswich in
September, 1873-4. It is described asa perennial in America,
but is of annual duration in this country. It must not be
confounded with the Leptogyne maritima, A. Gray (fide Noblet
in Rev. Hortic., 1873, p. 330), a plant of similar habit, but
with very much broader and shorter ovate outer involucral
bracts, and six to nine very much broader ray flowers, and
which is nothing but Agavista calliopsidea, A. Gray, a genus
referred to a section of Coreopsis in the “Genera Plantarum,”
but which Prof. Gray still regards as distinct. :
It is to be observed that the character of the outer invo-
lucre of C. maritima agrees with that of Leptogyne as
JuLy lst, 1876.
described by Torrey and Gray, and not with that of Tucker-
mannia. ee
Descr. A robust branched perennial, three to four feet
high, everywhere quite glabrous. Stems and branches smooth,
terete. Leaves scattered, four to ten inches long, spreading
and recurved, bipinnatifid; segments lax, recurved, and di-
varicate, linear, acute, bright-green. Peduncles stout, four to
eight inches long, one-headed. Heads golden-yellow, three
to four inches in diameter, sweet-scented. Znvolucre double ;
outer of six to eight spreading, green, herbaceous, linear, acute
bracts; inner of two series of oblong, obtuse, membranous,
very appressed, coloured bracts. Receptacle covered with
linear-lanceolate acuminate palew as long as the disk flowers.
Flowers of the ray about twenty, female; corolla-tube short,
limb linear-oblong, one-third of an inch broad, minutely three-
toothed at the rounded tip; flowers of disk crowded ; tube
slender, with a ring of hairs about the middle, limb small,
five-toothed. Achenes oblong, compressed, smooth, without
a trace of pappus.—J. D. H. ;
Fig. 1, Flower of ray ; 2, do. of disk; 3, palea of receptacle :—all enlarged.
W Fitch del et lath
Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp
Tas. 6242. | ;
TULIPA Hager.
Native of Greece.
Nat. Ord. Lintacex%.—Tribe TuLires.
Genus Touutea, Linn, (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xiv., p. 275).
TuLtpa Hageri; bulbo ovoideo tunicis membranaceis brunneis glabris, caule
glabro semipedali unifloro, foliis 4-5 viridibus glabris lineari-loratis acutis
facie canaliculatis nullo modo undulatis, perianthio inodoro erecto cam-
panulato segmentis conformibus oblongis acutis splendide coccineis basi
macula rhomboidea magna atro-purpurea luteo-marginata preditis, stamini-
bus perianthio duplo brevioribus filamentis applanatis basi penicillatis,
ovario cylindrico stigmatibus parvis.
Tuutra Hageri, Held. in Regel Gartenflora, vol. xxiii., p. 97, tab. 790.
This is a very handsome and distinct new species: It is
the first of the small group which, in the monograph of the
genus above cited, I have called Sazatiles, which has been
introduced into cultivation. These Sazatiles are intermediate
between the old well-known Gesneriane and Sylvestres, com-
bining the showy bright scarlet or crimson flowers of the first
with the narrow uncrisped leaves and filaments bearded
at the base of the second. By its equal acute perianth-
segments and large distinctly bordered basal blotch this
recalls 7. batica to mind, but it has the character of leaf and
stamen just mentioned, and both leaf and scape are quite
free from pubescence. It was discovered by Dr. Von Held-
reich in 1862 on the hills of the Parnes range in Attica,
growing with 7. Orphanidea, at an elevation of 1600 feet
above sea-level, and is included in his “ Herbarium Greecum
Normale,” no. 811. The drawing was made from a specimen
presented by Mr. Elwes to the Kew collection, which was in
full flower on the 24th of April of the present year, and we
have also received it from the Rev. H. N. Ellacombe and
Rev. H. Harpur-Crewe.
Descr. Bulb ovoid, under an inch thick, with dark brown
glabrous membranous tunics. Stem half a foot high, terete,
Juuy let, 1876.
glabrous, one-flowered. eaves four or five to a stem, all
springing from its lower half, erect, linear-lorate, acute,
green, glabrous, not at all crisped, the lowest half a foot
long by half or five-eighths of an inch broad, the others
smaller. Perianth erect, inodorous, broadly campanulate, an
inch and a quarter deep; both rows of segments alike in
shape, oblong, acute, half or five-eighths of an inch broad at
the middle, puberulous at the tip, deep crimson on the face,
tinged with yellow on the outside, with a rhomboid purple-
black blotch with a distinct yellow border occupying the
whole breadth of the claw and reaching a third of the way
up. Stamens half as long as the perianth, purple-black, thé
linear filament hairy at the base and rather shorter than the
ligulate anther. Ovary clavate, shorter than the stamens,
narrowed to the point, and tipped with three small stigmas.—
J. G. Baker.
WRitch jel et Lith
Tas. 6243.
MORICANDIA soncHIFOLtA.
Native of Northern China.
Nat. Ord. CRrucirer£,—Tribe BRASSICEZ.
Genus Moricanpia, DC. (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i, p. 85).
MoricanDIa sonchifolia ; erecta, ramosa, glabra, foliis sessilibus basi auriculatis,
radicalibus lyrato-pinnatisectis segmentis sinuato-dentatis, caulinis obovato-
oblongis v. pandureformibus subacutis, floribus racemosis violaceis ebract-
eatis gracile pedicellatis, sepalis erectis coloratis lateralibus basi saccatis,
petalis amplis patulis longe unguiculatis lamina late obovata, siliquis longis-
simis angustis obtuse 4-gonis, valvis carinatis, septo membranaceo foveolato,
“phe ee elongato, stigmatibus in conum conniventibus, seminibus
-serlatis
ORYCHOPHRAGMUS sonchifolius, Bunge, Enum. Plant Chin. Bor., p. 7; Walp.
Rep., vol. i., p. 187.
This very showy Crucifer, though described as long ago
as 1832, has hitherto been known only from dried specimens
collected by its discoverer, the veteran traveller and botanist,
Professor Bunge, of Dorpat, who accompanied a Russian
mission to Pekin from Siberia in 1831. It is a hardy
annual, remarkable for the bright colour and delicacy
of its corolla, and being easy of cultivation is likely to
become as great an acquisition as its near ally, the old garden
favourite, the European MM. arvensis (Tab. nost. 3007), which —
has been in cultivation since 1739. Another species is the
beautiful M. Ramburii (Tab. nost. 4947), a native of Spain. —
When describing the Crucifere for the “Genera Plantarum”
I had only imperfect specimens of Orychophragmus, and I
retained the genus as defined by Bunge; with the more
complete materials now before me I have no hesitation in
replacing it in Moricandia, to which genus, indeed, Bunge
had in the first instance referred 0. sonchifolia.
The Royal Gardens are indebted to Dr. Playfair, late
medical officer attached to the Embassy at Pekin, for seeds of
this plant, which flowered in March of the present year.
Descr. A slender, branched, glabrous, leafy annual, one
JuLy 1isz, 1876, :
to two feet high. Leaves sessile, acutely auricled at the
base ; radical early withering, lyrately-pinnatisect ; terminal
lobe cordate, lateral lobes in four to five pairs, small, sessile,
all sinuate-toothed; cauline leaves obovate-oblong or pandu- -
reform, subacute, sinuate-toothed. Flowers one and a quarter
inch in diameter, in lax terminal racemes, pale violet-blue, or
slender ebracteate pedicels. Calyx three-quarters of .an inch
long ; sepals coloured, the two lateral saccate at the base.
Petals with claws as long as the sepals ; blade orbicular-
obovate, spreading. Anthers linear, yellow. Pod three to
four inches long, obtusely four-angled, narrow, nearly
straight; valves keeled, slender ; Septum membranous, per-
forated ; style slender, subulate; stigmas combined into a
conical tip. Seeds one-seriate, small, oblong, in one row;
cotyledons conduplicate.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Stamens and pistil ; 2, pod; 3, seeds ; 4, seed : —all but f. 3 enlarged.
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IN AE ee OD:
A HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION OF THE COLONY,
INCLUDING ITs
NATURAL FEATURES, PROD UCTIONS, INDUSTRIAL
CONDITION AND PROSPECTS.
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FOR MANY YEARS A RESIDENT IN THE COLONY,
EDITED BY
DR. R. J. MANN, F-R.AS., F.R.3.
LATE SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION IN THE COLONY.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER
I. Geographical Position and Character.
Il. Geological Formation.
Itt, Climate. .
IV. Wild Animal Life.
_V. Indigenous Vegetable Productions.
VI. Early Histo .
VII. British Colonisation and Rule,
VILL. Social Progress and Prospects.”
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_ Physical and Topographical Map of the Colony.
Plan of the Inner Bay or Harbour.
Sandstone Wall on the shoulder of Pietermaritzburg Table Mountaia.
Mines at the Diamond Fields on the Vaal River.
The Valley of the Umgeni from Table Mountain.
_ The Lower Fulls of the Umgeni,
Great Fall of the Umgeni at Howick. :
Glade at Aliceville, with Wild Bananas and Date-palms.
10. Euphorbia Caput- Meduse.
11. Ardoinia grandifiora—Amatun uw
12. Searlet Uyrtanthus — Rah
ng he oeteiche Natalita,
14, Portrait of Langalibalele, Chief of ¢ i s
_ 15, Mission on the Hills near V oo ee
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6244.
Witch del et Lith
“ak
Vincent Brooks Day & Son inp
Tas. 6244.
BONGARDIA Ravwotrnu.
Native of Western Asia.
Nat. Ord. BerserIpE#.—Tribe BERBEREA.
Genus Bonearnia, C. A. Meyer (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 48).
Boncarpra tauwolfii ; acaulis glaberrima, glaucescens, rhizomate tuberoso, foliis
longe petiolatis omnibus radicalibus patentibus impari-pinnatisectis, foliolis
oppositis 3—-4-nisve 8-8-jugis obovatis v. obcuneatis 3-rarius 5-lobis, lobis
. acutis v. obtusis, scapis crasiusculis paniculatim ramosis multifloris, bracteis
oblongis obtusis, floribus aureis, sepalis 3 exterioribus brevibus orbiculatis
viridibus, petalis interioribus obovato-obcuneatis crenato-dentatis.
B. Rauwolfii, C.A. Meyer, Verz. Pf. Caue. p.174; Walp. Rep. vol. i. p. 100;
Ledeb. Fl. Ross. vol.i. p. 80; Floral Cabinet, vol. iii. t. 98; Henslow in Botanist,
vol. i. t.50; Hook. f. et Thoms. Fl. Ind. vol. i. -p. 230.
B. Olivieri, C. A. Meyer, 1. ¢.
B. Chrysogonum, Spach, Hist. Plant. Phan. vol. viii. p. 65; Griseb. FI. Rumel.
vol. i. p. 294; Jaub. et Spach, Ill. Pl. Orient. t. 396; Bois. Fl. Orient. vol.
i. p. 99. :
Curysoconum Dioscoridis, Rauwolf, Itin. p. 119, cum Ie.
Leontice Chrysogonum, Linn. Hort. Cliff. p. 122; Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. t. 148;
DC. Prod. vol. i. p. 109; Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2, vol. ii., p. 272.
This singular plant, a herbaceous Barberry it may be called,
has on several occasions been introduced into cultivation in
England, but never been’ kept long. Aiton, in the ‘ Hortus
Kewensis,’ mentions it as having been introduced from the
Levant before 1740, long before which, in 1573, it was de-
scribed by Rauwolf as the true Chrysogonum of Dioscorides, in
a chapter of his travels devoted to ‘‘ A short and plain
“narration of plants which I gathered during my stay at
‘‘Halepo, in and around about it, not without great trouble
(Bay.) danger, which I glued upon paper very carefully.”
ay. :
Bongardia Rauwolfii has a very wide range in geographical
distribution, from the islands of the Greek Archipelago (Chios
and Rhodes), through Asia Minor, Syria, and Persia, to
Affghanistan and Beluchistan. In Syria and Persia it is said
to be found in cornfields and to be used as an acid pot-herb.
: A
Plants of it have been received at Kew from Max Leichtlin,
of Carlsruhe ; and from N. Elwes, Esq., the latter of which
flowered in the spring of the present year in the open border.
Descr. Quite glabrous. LRootstock a depressed subter-
ranean sphere, from the size of a nut to a small apple, pale
yellow-brown, with stout root-fibres from the periphery.
Leaves 4-10 inches long, all radical, spreading and recurved,
pinnate, rachis slender ; pinnules 3-8 pair, opposite, or
ternate or whorled (from the fission of one or more of each
pair), very variable in size and form, 1-14 inch long, sessile,
obcuneate or oblong, trifid rarely entire; lobes acute or
obtuse, base rounded or wedge-shaped, green and often red-
purple towards the base. Scape stout, 4-10 inches high,
paniculately branched ; bracts oblong, obtuse, deciduous,
pedicels curved. Flowers drooping, 3-1 inch in diameter ;
outer sepals 3, nearly orbicular, greenish bordered with
pink ; tzner and petals very much larger, obcuneate-obovate,
crenate, golden-yellow. Filaments short; anthers linear-
oblong, with linear recurved valves. Ovary ovoid, wrinkled ;
style very short; stigma peltate, lobed; ovules 5-6, in-
clined on long, stout, curved, basal funicles. Capsule blad-
dery, several-seeded.—.J.D.H.
J
Fig. 1, Petal; 2, stamen; 8, outer sepals, disk, and ovary ; 4, vertical section of
ovary :—all enlarged.
*
6245
W Bitch del et Lith Vincent Brooks Day & Soa inp
Tas. 6245,
DUVALIA ponrm.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. AscLErIADEH.—Tribe SraPELIEZz.
Genus Duvatta, Haw. (Synops. Pl. Suce. p. 44,—Benth. and Hook. f. Gen.
Plant. vol. ii. p. 784).
Dovatia polita; humilis, glabra, caulibus ramisque decumbentibus radicantibus
elongato-clavatis 6-angulatis, angulis obtusis dentatis, dentibus longis
subulatis patentibus, utrinque basi denticula parva preditis, floribus aggre-
gatis circiter 3-4 e mediis summisve ramulis, pedicellis pollicaribus, sepalis
subulatis glabris, corolla diametro pollicari fusco-purpurea nitidissima lobis
ovatis acuminatis erecto-patentibus apice recurvatis, marginibus parum ~
replicatis basi pilis longis clavatis purpureis fimbriatis, faucis annulo
minutissime scabro pallidiore, corona exteriore sordide rubro-purpurea,
interiore sordide aurantiaca:
Duvalia polita, NV. Z. Brown, in ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ 1876, vol. vi. p. 130.
The plant here figured and described is one which flowered
in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in the summer of 1874 and is
now coming into flower again. Its history and the precise
Jocality from which it came are unknown, although not
uncommonly cultivated by Stapelia growers under the names
Stapelia polita and S. echinata. -With the exception of
Duvalia Corderoyi (Tab. nos. t. 6082) it is the finest of the
genus, and is remarkable on account of its regularly 6-angled
stems and very shining corolla, the lobes of which are less
replicate than those of any other species in the genus.
Desor. Stems and branches elongate, 2-3 inches long,
about 4 in. thick, somewhat clavate, especially when young,
more or less decumbent and rooting, (not so erect as in the
figure), glabrous, dull green or purplish, 6-angled ; angles
obtuse, toothed; teeth long and spreading, subulate, fur-
nished at their base with a minute tooth on each side.
_ Flowers 3-4 together, opening successively ; pedicels about
1 inch long, glabrous, purplish. Calyz-lobes subulate, t
inch long, glabrous, dull green. Corolla 1 inch in diameter ;
lobes ovate-acuminate, erect-spreading, a little recurved at
the apex, brownish-purple, very smooth and polished, the
margins very slightly folded back and fringed towards their —
base with long, vibratile, clavate, purple hairs; annulus
(orb) very minutely scabrid, a little paler than the lobes
(but not so pale as in the figure), and opaque. Outer
corona chocolate-red or dark purplish-red ; processes of inner
corona dull orange. Po/llen-masses dull yellowish. MW. E.
Brown.
Fig. 1 and 2, Teeth on angles of branches; 3, flower: 4, pollen-masses; all
magnified.
6246.
WRitddel ot Lith . “? if
: cent Brooks Day & Son imp
Tas. 6246.
BKULOPHIA MACROSTACHYA.
Native of Ceylon.
Nat. Ord. OrncutpEs#.—Tribe VANDEZ.
Genus Evropuia, Lindl. (Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 18.)
Evropnia macrostachya ; pseudobulbis elongatis articulatis sulcatis, foliis oblongo-
lanceolatis acuminatis plicatis subtricostatis, scapo simplici radicali foliis
longiore, vaginis elongatis appressis, racemo stricto multifloro, bracteis subu-
latis, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis viridibus, lateralibus patentibus,
dorsali fornicato, petalis sepalo dorsali consimilibus porrectis, labello latiore
quam longo aureo rubro striato obtuse 3-lobo, lobis recurvis lateralibus bre-
vibus intermedio e basi lata oblongo apice rotundato, disco basi 2-lamellato,
caleare brevi subgloboso 2-lobo, columni brevi.
E. macrostachya, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 183; Bot. Reg. t. 1972; Wight,
Je. Pl. Ind. Or.t. 1667-8; Thwaites Enum. Pt. Zeyl., p. 301; Walp. Ann.
vol. vi. p. 646.
A very graceful Orchid, introduced into the Horticultural
Gardens from those of Peradenia by Mr. Watson, their then
superintendent, so long ago as 1837, and more recently sent
to England by Dr. Thwaites, from whose specimens cultivated
at Kew the drawing now reproduced was made in 1860, and
who states that it is not uncommon in the central province of
the island, ascending to 4000 ft. It is also, according to —
Wight, a native of the eastern slopes of the Neilgherry
Mountains. Lindley describes it as one of the easiest-grown
of Orchids, flowering late, and producing fresh flowers till
Christmas ; ours bloomed first in January, 1864.
Derscr. Pseudobulbs 3 to 5 inches long, elongate conical,
terete, striated, formed of 3-6 superposed green cylindric
joints, the basal sending down very thick cylindric roots.
Leaves about 2 from the top of the pseudobulb, 6-10 inches
long, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, contracted into a petiole,
membraneous, plaited, about 3-ribbed. Scape springing from
the side of the base of the pseudobulb, 1-14 feet high, strict,
erect, red-brown, with two or three cylindric appressed
obtuse sheaths. aceme 4-8 inches long, many-flowered,
strict, erect; bracts subulate. Flowers shortly pedicelled,
about an inch in diameter across the lateral sepals, erecto-patent.
Sepals green, upper lanceolate, acuminate, arched, lateral rather
broader spreading. Petals like the dorsal sepal, arched and
projecting forward. Jip very concave, golden-yellow with
red-purple stripes on the disk, broader than long, obtusely
shallowly 3-lobed; lobes all recurved, lateral rounded, terminal
shortly oblong, rounded at the end; disk with 2 small
bracts; spur globose, 2-lobed, green. Column short.—
J.D. A.
Fig. 1, Side, and 2, front view of flower ; 3, lip; 4, column :—dal enlarged.
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Tas. 6247.
LEUCOTHOE DAVISIA.
Native of Californie.
Nat. Ord. Ericacrem.—Tribe ANDROMEDE2.
Genus Levcotuor, Don. (Benth et Hook. fil. Gen. Plant. vol. i, p. 584).
Levcornor Davisie; frutex subglaber sempervirens, foliis breviter petiolatis ob-
longis coriaceis nitidis viridibus obscufe serratis subacutis vel obtusis,
racemis subsessilibus erectis numerosis axillaribus terminalibusque, pedicellis
flore brevioribus floriferis cernuis fructiferis ascendentibus, bracteis minutis
oblongis scariosis, bracteolis lanceolatis, calycis segmentis lanceolatis persist-
entibus basi brevissime coalitis, corolla urceolate albe dentibus parvis
patulis deltoideis, genitalibus inclusis, capsulis membranaceis depresso-glo-
bosis, seminibus turgidis asperis.
LevcorHor Davisie, Zorrey; A. Gray im Proce: Amer, Acad. vol. vii. p. 400;
Bot. Calif. vol. i, p. 455.
lL, Lobbii, Hook. MSS.
This handsome evergreen ericaceous shrub was discovered.
in 1853, by Mr. William Lobb, on the Sierra Nevada Moun-
tains of California, at an elevation of 5000 feet. It was sent
by him to Messrs. Veitch, and distributed by them under the
name of Leucothoe Lobbii. It was gathered again in the same
tract by Miss N. J. Davis, after whom it was named by Dr.
Torrey, and this name has been adopted by Dr. Asa Gray in
the proceedings of the American Academy, and in the valu-
able work on the botany of California, of which we have just
received the first volume. It is the only species of the
genus which has been found on the western side of the .
American continent. From the two well-known and long-
cultivated species of the Eastern States (L. azillaris and
Catesbei), it differs by its shorter nearly entire much less
pointed leaves, andby having its larger and handsomer flowers
aggregated into a panicle at the end of the branches. So
that, horticulturally, it is a decidedly finer plant, and of course,
coming from such an elevation, it may be safely relied upon
as quite hardy. : : :
Dzscr. A close-growing shrub, nearly glabrous in all its
parts. Zeaves oblong, coriaceous, bright green, subacute or
obtuse, rather rounded at the base, obscurely serrated, 1$-24
inches long, paler on the under side, and reticulated with the
raised veins and veinlets; petiole 4+~3 in. long, channelled
down the face. Flowers in nearly sessile, rather close erect
racemes 3-4 inches long, from the axils of the upper
leaves and end of the branches above the leaves, so
that they form a close terminal panicles; pedicel $-§ in.
long, cernuous in the flowering, ascending in the fruiting
stage ; bracts minute, oblong, scariose, enclosing a couple of
smaller lanceolate bracteoles of the same texture, placed near
the base of the pedicel. Calyx broadly campanulate, scariose,
persistent, the five lanceolate segments joined only at the
very base. Corolla white, urceolate, + in. long, with five
spreading deltoid teeth. S/amens included within the corolla ;
anther-cells bifid at the tip, where they open by a large pore.
Ovary depresso-globose. Style entire, with an obscurely 5-
lobed capitate stigma. Capsule small, umbilicate, depresso-
globose, membranous. Seed turgid, with a loose rough testa,
J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Portion of rachis of a raceme, with a pendulous flower; 2, flower, with
corolla taken away; 3, a single stamen:—all magnified.
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AGAVE Bovtrerii.
Native of Mexico.
Nat. Ord. AmMaRyYLLIpAcEHZ.—Tribe AcavEx, Linn,
Acave, (Jacobi in Hamburg Gartenzeitung, vols. xx et seq.)
s
Acave (Littea) Botterti ; acaulis, foliis 40-50 oblongo v. oblanceolato-spathulatis
coriaceo-carnosis pallide vix glauco-viridibus medio poll, erassis facie conca-
vis, apice in spinam atram pungentem productis margine dentibus del-
toideis corneis fusco-nigris crebris antrorsum falcatis armatis, scapo robusto
4-pedali, floribus geminis in spicam magnam cylindricam confertis, bracteis
lanceolatis cuspidatis, bracteolis lanceolatis parvis, perianthio viridulo in-
fundibulari bi-pollicari tubo ovario breviore, segmentis oblongo-lanceolatis
diu ascendentibus, genitalibus perianthio subduplo longioribus.
This plant was sent a long time ago from Mexico by
M. Botteri to Mr. Wilson Saunders, and I knew it for many
years in the Reigate collection. When this was dispersed
it was purchased by Mr. J. T. Peacock, with whom it
flowered, at Sudbury House, Hammersmith, in the spring of
1875. I have not been able to refer it to any of the species
described in the elaborate monograph of the late General
Von Jacobi. It is a Zittea ag regards inflorescence, and,
according to his classification, founded on characters, falls
into the group “ Subcoriacee,” which combines the small
teeth of the “ Aloides,” with a much thinner leaf, with the
firmer texture of the large-spined panicled species of the
series of which 4. americana and Scolymus are best known
representatives. Its nearest neighbours are 4. densiflora,
Hook. in Bot. Mag., t. 5006, the plant called 4. Keratto,
by Salmdyck and Jacobi (which is not the original Keratto
of Miller), and 4. zalapensis, Roezl; Jacobi Monog., 72,
which I cannot distinguish from A. polyacantha “ Haworth,’
K. Koch; but in all these the leaves are at least five or six
times as long as broad, oblanceolate, not oblanceolate-oblong.
Descr. Leaves 40-50 in a sessile rosette, oblanceolate- or ob-
long-spathulate, two feet long, six to eight inches broad above
the middle, narrowed gradually to a pungent dark-coloured
channelled spine half an inch long, and downwards to a breadth
B
of 4-5 inches abovethe dilated base, one eighth of aninch thick
in the centre, rigidly coriaceous in texture, concave on the face,
pale green and hardly at all glaucous when mature, the margin
armed with close deltoid upcurved horny teeth about one eighth
of an inch long. Scape stout, twice as long as the leaves, hidden
by the adpressed linear bract-like leaves. Inflorescence a dense
spike, longer than the leaves; flowers in pairs; primary bracts
lanceolate, with a long cusp; bracteoles small, lanceolate.
Ovary oblong. Perianth green, funnel-shaped, two inches long,
with a distinct funnel-shaped tube half an inch long; seg-
ments oblong-lanceolate, permanently ascending, nearly an
inch long. Stamens inserted near the throat of the tube; fila-
ments subulate two and a half inches long; anthers red, an
inch long. Style three and a half inches long, stigma capitate.
J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1. The whole plant, much reduced; 2, a single leaf, much reduced ; 3,
portion of the edge of the leaf, with teeth, natural size; 4, pair of flowers, with
bract and bracteoles, natural size. :
6249
Whitdidel ¢ Lith : Vancent BrooksD ay & Son inp
Tas. 6249.
ee
2
+s
GAMOLEPIS EURYOPOIDEs. ie Ee
Native of South Africa.
~ Nat. Ord. Composirz.—Tribe SENECIONIDER.
- F
Gamonris, Less. (Benth et Hook, Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 452.)
GanoLEris euryopoides ; fructicosa, erecta, glaberrima ramis foliosis, foliis confertis
patulis breviter petiolatis ad medium v. infra 3-fidis, lobis linearibus subacutis,
pedunculis gracilibus pedunculis bis-terve longioribus, capitulis 1-1} poll.
diam., involucri hemispherici bracteis 1-seriatis fere liberis late oblongis
subacutis, fl. radii ad 8-10 ligulis oblongis, acheniis lineari-obovoideis multi-
costatis glaberrimis.
G. euryopoides, DC. Prod. vol. vi. p. 41; Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. vol. iii. p. 157-
Gamolepis is a South African genus of Composite, num-
bering about twelve species, of which none but that now
figured have hitherto been known to be in cultivation. Most
of them are shrubby perennials suited for greenhouse culture ;
and a few are of very singular habit, resembling in their
foliage heaths, lycopods, and mosses. The @. polytrichoides
is the most remarkable of these; it is a very slender branched
shrub, whose branches are uniformly clothed with crowded
spreading and recurved needle-shaped leaves, and bear at their
tips a capillary pedicel terminated by a minute flower ; the re-
semblance of the plant to a gigantic moss is almost deceptive ;
it is a native of grassy places near Grahamstown and is well
worth introducing into England. : :
The genus Gamolepis was placed in Anthemidez previous to
Bentham’s revision of the Order for the ‘ Genera Plantarum,’ by
whom it is rightly placed in Senecionidee and near to Senecio
itself, from which it differs in the absence of pappus; its
nearest ally is Ewryops, after which the present species 18
named. ae
G. euryopoides is a native of the mountains of British
Caffraria, Uitenhage, and Albany, at about 2000 ft. elevation ;
it was raised at Kew from seed sent by Mr. Tuck, of the
Grahamstown Botanic Gardens, in 1868, and flowers annually
on the Cape shelf of the temperate-house.
Descr. An erect quite glabrous branched shrub from one
to two feet high: branches erect, leafy.. Leaves crowded,
about an inch long, spreading, trifid to about the middle,
contracted below the narrow subacute linear lobes into a narrow
petiole-like blade; lobes 2-nerved, rather fleshy. Peduncles
terminal, very slender, two to four times as long as the leaves.
Heads an inch and upwards in diameter, bright-yellow. In-
volucre hemispherical, of one row of about 8—10 oblong suba-
cute green bracts, that are nearly free. ay flowers about
8-10, female; tube short, very narrowly oblong, minutely
3-toothed at the tip. Disk flowers short, tube campanulate
above, with 5 spreading and recurved lobes. Achenes linear-
oblong, closely many-ribbed, quite glabrous.
Fig. 1, Ray-; and 2, disk-flowers :—both enlarged.
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CONTENTS OF No. 380, AUGUST, 1876.
Tar. 6244.—BONGARDIA RAUWOLFII.
» 6245. —DUVALIA POLITA.
, 6246.—EULOPHIA MACROSTACHYA.
» 6247—LEUCOTHOE DAVISL.
» 6248—AGAVE BOTTERII.
» 6249.—GAMOLEPIS EURYOPOIDES.
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LILIUM PHILLIPINENSE.
Native of the Philippine Islands.
Nat. Ord. Lin1ackm.—Tribe TULIPE2.
Genus Linium, Linn. (Baker in Journ. Linn, Soe. vol. xiv. p. 225).
Lrt10m (Eulirion) philippinense ; bulbo subgloboso, squamis magnis lanceolatis,
caule gracili tereti glabro sesquipedali vel bipedali unifloro, foliis 30-40
sparsis laxe dispositis anguste linearibus acutis uninerviis viridibus glabris
erecto-patentibus margine revolutis, perianthii albi horizontalis suaveolentis
segmentis oblanceolatis supra medium in tubum anguste infundibularem diu
imbricatis, quarto superiori latioribus flore expanso faleatis, interioribus lati-
oribus, staminibus ex tubo protrusis, antheris parvis oblongis, polline luteo,
ah ie cylindrico, stylo stamina superante apice stigmatoso profunde trilo-
ato.
L. philippinense, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 114, fig. 243 ; Journ. Linn. Soc.
vol. xiv. p. 228.
This fine plant comes very near ZL. longiflorum, Thunb, of
Japan and China, and may prove to be an extreme variety
of that species. The characters mainly relied upon to
distinguish it are the very narrow one-nerved leaves and
extravagantly elongated tube formed by the permanently
imbricated claws of the perianth segments, in which, 88 In
its allies, only the distinctly-raised keel of the inner divisions
is visible. It is a native of the Phillippines and was sent
by Mr. Wallis to Messrs. Veitch, and first flowered by them
in August, 1873. Whether it will prove hardy still remains
to be seen, but the mountains in the Philippines are said
to reach a height of ten thousand feet. Botanically it 1s
interesting as showing the extreme development of the
peculiarities that mark the ‘‘ Hulirion” group.
Duscr. Bulb subglobose, perennial, with large lanceolate
scales. Stem one and a half to two feet high, slender, terete,
glabrous, plain green or slightly mottled with purple.
Leaves thirty or forty, scattered laxly all down the stem
from within a short distance of the solitary flower to the
base, narrow linear, sessile, falcate-ascending, three to four
inches long, one-eighth to one-sixth inch broad at the
middle, acute, bright green, glabrous, with only the
midvein distinct, the edges narrowly decurved, and not
A
at all ciliated. Flower solitary horizontal, permanently
funnel-shaped, pure white with only a tinge of green on
the outside near the base, sweet-scented, seven to ten
inches long, the divisions remaining permanently im-
bricated in the lower three-quarters, spreading falcately in
the upper quarter, the three inner about two inches, and the
three outer an inch anda half broad. Stamens a little ex-
serted from the tube ; anthers oblong, one fourth of an inch
long; pollen yellow. Ovary cylindrical; style declinate,
overtopping the filaments, deeply three-lobed at the stigma-
tose tip.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1. Ovary and base of style, natural size.
6251.
Pati
Ns,
W Fitch del & lath
Vincent Brocks Day & Son imp
Tas. 6251.
LYCASTE Lastoeossa.
Native of Guatemala,
Nat. Ord. OrcutpE®.—Tribe VANDE-.
: Genus Lycaste, Lindl. (Bot. Reg., 1843; Mise. p. 14).
LycastE lasioglossa ; pseudobulbis ovoideis compressis, foliis membranaceis ellip-
tico-lanceolatis acuminatis plicatis, scapo viridi supra medium-vaginato,
vagina viridi acuminata, bractea ovario breviore virescente obtusa, sepalis
patentibus anguste oblongis acutis pallide testaceis lateralibus ima basi
araneoso-pilosis, petalis sepalis ter brevioribus oblongis obtusis fornicatis
aureis apicibus recurvis, labello petalis equilongo aureo purpureo-punctato
lobis lateralibus angustis obliquis abtusis, mento brevissimo, intermedio
oblongo-ligulato obtuse dense hirsuto, disco callo inter lobis laterale trian-
gulari, ovato apice obtuso 2-denticulato, columna elongata gracili aptera.
L. lasioglossa, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron, 1872, p. 215.
_. Prof. Reichenbach remarks of this species that it looks as
if intermediate between Z. Schilereana and L. macrophylla,
having the general aspect of the last, and the short petals of
the first, but differing totally from both in the peculiar lip,
the bearded middle lobe of which is quite a novel feature in
the genus.
Lycaste was established by Lindley, 1843, to include nine
orchids, of which most had previously been placed in
Mawillaria, but which differ from that genus in the great
dissimilarity between the sepals and petals. The name 1s,
however, introduced by the author in the previous year’s
volume (1842, Mise. No. 96), without description or an
allusion to its being then used for the first time. In 1861,
the number of species is increased to twenty-four, according
to Reichenbach’s enumeration in Walper’s Annalen (vol. vi.
p. 600), of which number comparatively few are figured in
Horticultural works, the genus being no great favourite
amongst orchid growers. ‘
Lycaste lasioglossa, so named from the hairy lip, is a native
of Guatemala, from whence it was imported by Messrs.
Veitch, to whomI am indebted for the opportunity of
figuring it.
: a2
Drscr. Pseudobulbs three inches long, ovoid, compressed,
grooved, green. Leaves 8-12 inches long, elliptic-lanceolate,
acuminate, plaited, narrowed into a broad petiole, bright
green. Scape stout, with an erect herbaceous acuminate
sheath above the middle. #ract shorter than the ovary,
appressed, obtuse. Flower five inches long from the tip
of the dorsal to that of either lateral sepal, inclined.
Sepals spreading, narrow oblong, subacute, rather dull
cinnamon-brown, hairy at the base within, margins
recurved. Petals about one-third the length of the sepals,
arched, concave with rounded spreading tips, golden-yellow.
Tip about equalling the sepals, narrow, golden-yellow with
purple specks on the midlobe; lateral lobes narrow, short,
obtuse, ciliate, recurved; midlobe oblong, obtuse, clothed in
the upper surface with long soft interlaced hairs; callus in
the disk ovate, pointing forward, minutely notched at the
tip. Column slender, margins not winged.—J. D. /7.
Fig. 1, Column; 2, lip:—both enlarged.
B25R
Fitch del et Lith,
Vincent Brooks Day Sam ip
Tab. 6252.
BEGONIA Davisil.
Native of Peru.
Nat. Ord. Brconracea&.
Genus Brconra, Linn. (Benth. and Hook. Ff. Gen. Plant. vol.i. p.841).
Brconta (Huszia) Davisii; herbacea, acaulis, radice tuberoso, foliis oblique
ovato-cordatis subacutis supra nitidis pilosis pilis sparsis erectis rigidis mar-
ginibus leviter lobulatis crenulatisque, nervis basi radiantibus, costa pen-
ninervi, petiolo brevi robusto hirsuto, scapis folia excedentibus apice 3-floris
rubris, bracteis late ovatis membranaceis“ciliatis coccineis, floribus longi-
uscule pedicellatis, tetrapetalis coccineis ¢ majoribus, petalis 2 exterioribus
late ovatis, interioribus oblongis latioribus, staminibus 8-10 brevibus
declinatis, antheris oblongis filamenta eequantibus, fl. 2 ovario 3-ptero,
alis lateralibus brevibus angulis obtusis, dorsali elongato-triangulari acuta,
stylis 3, stigmatibus brevibus hippocrepiformibus, placenta bifida.
B. Davisii, Hort. Veitch.
The Andean Begonias of the group to which B. Veitchii,
(tab. 5663), B. roswflor (tab. 5680, and B. Clarkei,
tab. 5675), though all discovered within the last ten or
twelve years, have already with their hybrids (inter se
and with others) become the most brilliant ornaments of
the conservatory and rock-garden. To these must now be
added the subject of the present plate, which, from its com-
pact habit and brilliant colouring, will probably eclipse the
others. It was discovered in Peru, near Chupe, at an eleva-
tion of 10,000 feet, by Mr. Davis when collecting for Messrs.
Veitch, and it flowered in their establishment in July of
the present year.
Under B. Veitchii (tab. 5668) I stated my expectation that
it would in all probability prove hardy in the South-West
of England, it having withstood a temperature of 25° Fahr. in
Mr. Veitch’s gardens ; neither it, however, nor its allies have
proved capable of withstanding the combined effects of cold
and damp on the rock-garden at Kew, where, after flowering
superbly during the summer months, they disappeared before
the following spring. As B. Davisii inhabits the same
county and elevation as B. Veitchii, it may be expected to be -
tender. There is fortunately no difficulty in housing the
tuberous rooted Begonias of ‘this class during winter; their
summer growth is always vigorous and rapid; and they are
profuse bloomers.
Descr. Stemless. Roof tuberous. Leaves all radical,
spreading, broadly obliquely ovate-cordate, or almost orbicular,
subacute, glossy above, and furnished with stiff erect scattered
hairs, more glabrous and red beneath, margins shallowly
lobulate and crenulate, basal nerves radiating from the top of
the petiole, midrib pennineryed ; petiole short,stout, hirsute. — :
Scapes longer than the leaves, bright-red, glabrous, simple,
3-flowered; bracts 2 at the base of the pedicels, broadly
oblong, concave, crimson, ciliate. Flowers ternate pedicelled,
the two lateral female, the central rather larger and male,
about one and a half inches in diameter; petals 4, crim-
son, the outer ovate very obtuse, the inner rather smaller,
oblong. Stamens 8-10-small, filaments almost free, as long
as the oblong anthers. Ovary 3-winged ; lateral wings short,
obtuse ; dorsal long, triangular acute ; styles 3, with twisted
short horse-shoe-shaped stigmas ; placenta bifid.—J. D. H.
Fig 1, Female flower with petals removed ; 2, stamens :—both enlarged.
6258.
~\
3
oe oe
Wich da et Lith Vincent Brooks Day &502-20P
Tas, 6253.
DRACAENA FRUTICosA.
Native country unknown.
Nat. Ord. Lintacka.—Suborder AsPARAGACER.
Genus Dracana, Vand. (Baker, in Journ. Linn, Soe. vol. xiv. p. 523).
Draczya fruticosa ; 10-15-pedalis, foliis sessilibus secus ramos elongatos laxe
dispositis lanceolatis acutis pedalibus vel sesquepedalibus, medio 12-15
lin., supra basin 6-9 lin. latis viridibus membranaceo-coriaceis, superioribus
ascendentibus, inferioribus patulis, costa preter apicem perspicua, marginibus
concoloribus, paniculis amplis deltoideis, racemis modice densis, bracteis
minutis albidis lanceolatis, pedicellis brevibus apice articulatis infimis 3-4-
nis, perianthii albi subpollicaris segmentis tubum superantibus, staminibus
perianthio vix brevioribus, stigmate demum exserto.
D. fruticosa, A. Koch, Wochenschrift, 1867, p. 236; Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soe. vol. xiv. p. 532.
D. ensifolia, Regel, Gartenflora, 1864, p. 321; tab. 451, 1871, p. 138, non Wallich.
This fine species is now widely spread in cultivation, but
its native country has never been satisfactorily ascertained.
It does not exist amongst the extensive set of wild specimens
from various parts of tropical Africa, and preserved in the
Kew herbarium. It was supposed by Dr. Regel to be
identical with Wallich’s D. ensifolia, but that is clearly the same
as Roxburgh’s D. angustifolia, as I have ascertained from the
examination of Wallich’s original specimens, distributed as
No. 5143 of his great Indian herbarium. The present plant
has the general habit and lax leaves of the Mauritian and
tropical African D. refleva, Lam., but is more robust, with
larger leaves and flowers, and a longer perianth tube. The
plate was drawn from a plant that flowered in the Palm
House at Kew in April, 1862.
Descr. Stems ten or fifteen feet high, erect, simple or
branched. Leaves laxly disposed over aspace of several feet, the
upper ascending, the lower spreading, clasping half way round
the branch at the base, lanceolate, a foot or even a foot-and-a-
half long, an inch or an inch and a quarter broad at the
middle, narrowed gradually to an acute point, and to half an
inch broad above the base, moderately firm in texture, bright
green, the midrib distinct except at the very tip, the margins
concolorous. Panicle ample, deltoid, with a moderately dense
terminal raceme half a foot long, and smaller spreading or
ascending side ones; bracts minute, membranous, whitish,
lanceolate or deltoid; pedicels one sixth to one fourth in.
long, articulated at the tip, the lower ones often clustered
in threes or fours. Perianth whitish, about an inch long, the
reflexing divisions exceeding the tube. Stamens aboutas long
as the perianth. Stigma obscurely three-lobed, finally ex-
serted.— J. G. Baker.
_ Fig. 1, Complete flower, with tip of pedicel; 2, pistil complete :—both magnified.
With delet lath
Tas. 6254.
ONCIDIUM STRAMINEUM.
Native of Mexico.
Nat. Ord. OrcHipem.—Tribe VANDEm.
Genus Oncipium, Swartz, (Lindl. Fol. Orchid. Oncidium).
Oncrptum(Paucituberculate) stramineum ; pseudobulbis 0, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis
in petiolum brevem crassum angustatis subacutis crasse coriaceis dorso secus
costam obtusis concoloribus, panicula breviuscula nutante densiflora, floribus
pedicellatis 2 poll. diam. albis aurantiaco-maculatis, bracteolis parvis, sepalis
rotundatis petalisque consimilibus margine crispatis, labelli breviter unguicu-
lati lobis lateralibus oblongis falcato-recurvis carnosis intermedio substipitato
reniformi longioribus, disci tuberculis 2 2-lobis v. 4 plus minusve per paria
confluentibus, column brevis alis carnosulis decurvis.
O. stramineum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. No. 63; 1840, t. 14; Fol. Orehid.
et Oneid., p. 36; Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 776.
O. Columbe, O. Columbiz, et O. Lindeni, Hort. (fid. Rehb. f.)
Lindley describes this, in the miscellaneous notices to vol. 24
of the Register, as one of the first plants sent to the Horti-
cultural Society by Hartweg, when collecting for that esta-
_ blishment, and as being a stove epiphyte and native of Za-—
cuapan, near Vera Cruz; but in the description published two
years afterwards with the figure, he states that it will not
bear the heat given to the West India Oncidia, for that in heat
its leaves are small and flowers imperfectly developed, whereas
under cooler treatment it flourished. This latter statement,
coupled with the fact that it was found in company with a rare
Berberry, raised the suspicion that it rather came from the
mountainous parts of Mexico than the hot damp neighbour-
hood of Vera Cruz. A reference to Bentham’s “ Plante Hart-
wegiane,” (p. 29), favoured this view, for amongst the plants
gathered by Hartweg at Zacuapan (a Zaquapan) were species of
Monotropa, Lobelia and Hscobedia, all temperate forms ; and on
reference to the extracts of Hartweg’s journals, published in
the Horticultural Society’s Transactions (Ser. 2, vol. ii1. p. 116),
I find that Zacuapan is a village elevated 3000 feet on the
eastern slopes of Orizaba (itself 17,000 feet high), with a
temperate climate and the richest vegetation in Mexico.
do not find the name Zaquapan in any map accessible to me,
but there is a town of Zacualpan in the mountainous district
of Mexico, about 65 miles 8.8.W. of the capital. :
O. stramineum belongs to a small section of the genus, and
according to Lindley, is easily recognised by its rigid un-
spotted leaves, nct keeled at the back ; its flowers have a faint
primrose odour. The specimen here figured first flowered at
Kew in May, 1866, when the accompanying drawing was —
made.
Descr. Pseudobulbs none. Leaves six to eight inches long,
oblong-lanceolate, subacute, contracted into a short stout
petiole, very rigid, thick and coriaceous, uniformly deep
green, hardly keeled at the back, which is rounded down
the middle line, and not acute at all. Panicle stout, in-
clined to drooping, more or less branched ; peduncle short,
stout ; flowers crowded ; pedicels and ovary together half an
inch long, slender; bracts minute. Flowers three quarters of
an inch across, white speckled with red on the lateral sepals,
lip, and column, Sepals and petals widely spreading, almost
orbicular, crisped, fleshy, dorsal sepal concave. Lip very
shortly clawed; lateral lobes. oblong, obtuse, faleately re-
curved, with the upper margin recurved; middle-lobe,
shortly broadly stipitate, kidney-shaped, smaller than the
lateral lobes ; warts on the disk, 2 on each side, more or less
confluent in pairs. Column short, with broad wings.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, the same with sepals and petals removed :—both enlarged.
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CONTENTS OF No. 381, SEPTEMBER, 1876.
Tas. 6250.—LILIUM PHILLIPINENSE.
» 6251—LYCASTE LASIOGLOSSA.
» 6252-—BEGONIA DAVISIL.
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» 6254 —ONCIDIUM STRAMINEUM.
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FOR MANY YEARS A RESIDENT IN THE COLONY.
EDITED BY
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LATE SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION IN THE COLONY.
CONTENTS:
CHAPTER
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IL. Geological Formation.
Il. Climate.
IV. Wild Animal Life.
V. Indigenous Vegetable Productions,
VI. Early History.
VU. British Colonisation and Rule.
VIII. Social Progress and Prospects.
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. me mere cgay ican on the Vaal River. -
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Tan. 6255.
SERAPIAS paprisonaczo-Lineva (hybrid).
Native of Southern France.
Nat. Ord. Orchipem—Tribe OPHRYDER.
Genus Serapias, Linn. (Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orchid. p. 377).
SERAPIAS papilionaceo-lingua ; foliis anguste lanceolatis, bracteis flores sequantibus
v. superantibus, spica breviuscula 5-6-flore, sepalis ovatis subacutis
patentibus pallide virescentibus roseo-suffusis, petalis liberis sepalis conco-
loribus et subequantibus late ovatis subacutis, labello late cordato 3-lobo
late purpureo marginibus crenulatis, lobis rotundatis, lateralibus magnis —
intermedio minore, columna brevi appendice brevissimo ovato terminata.
8. Sane ee aay Barla, Flore Illust. de Nice et des Alpes M aritimes, p. 34.
$. 2205 Aes.
S. triloba, Viv. Ann. Bot. vol. i. pars 2, p. 186, et Fl. Ital. Fragm. p. 11. t. 12. £1.
Lindt. Gen. and Sp. Orchid. p. 378. Koch, Synops: Fl. Germ. ed. 2. p. 799.
Reichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. p.9 et 171. t. 488. Parlat. Fl. Ital. vol. iii. p. 438.
Is1as triloba, De Not. in Mem. del’ Acad. R. delle Scienz. di Torino, 1844, ser. 2.
vol. vi. cum Ie. :
This very rare remarkable terrestrial Orchid is presumed to
be a natural hybrid between Serapias Lingua, Linn. (tab.
Hort. 5868 B) and Orchis papilionacea, Linn., having been
found in considerable abundance growing in company with
those plants, and with Serapias longipetala, Poll (a species
closely allied to J. Lingua). The morphological characters ~
upon which its hybrid origin are believed to be well founded
are the free petals, the fine purple colour of the lip, differ-
ing entirely from that of any Serapias, its crenulated margin
and its large lateral lobes; to these I should add as
of greater importance than any of them, the short stout —
column and its very small short broad ovate beak, which
beak, in all the known species of Serapias, is linear and as
long as or longer than the column.
This hybrid was first found near Genoa, and subsequently —
at Berre, near Nice, and other places on the Riviera, as well
as near Trieste and Lucca, and there are Herbarian specimens
at Kew from the department of Gers, in France. It must
not be confounded with a very closely allied hybrid between
O. laxiflora and Serapias cordigera, which has been found as
far north as Vannes in Brittany. I am indebted to Mr.
Elwes for the specimen here figured which he received from
M. Max Leichtlin, of Carlsruhe.
Descr. Tuber globose ; one sessile the other shortly stalked.
Stem a foot or more high and leaves pale green, unspotted.
Leaves narrow, lanceolate, acuminate. Spikes short, 5-6-
flowered ; bracts equalling or exceeding the flowers, green and
pink, purple. Flower 14-1? inch long from the tip of the
dorsal sepal to that of the lip. Sepals and petals pale green
and pale purple, veined; the petals erect, free, broader than
usual in Serapias, spreading andrecurved. Lzp large, broadly
cordate, bright red-purple margins crenulate ; base with
two tubercles on the very short claw; lateral lobes rounded,
larger than the mid-lobe which is almost orbicular. Column
short, stout, its apex produced into a small broadly ovate
appendage.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Column and lip; 2, pollen-masses :—both enlarged.
6256
Witch ded et Inth
Vincent Brocks Day $Sonkup
Tas. 6256.
OXALIS ENNEAPHYLLA.
Native of Fuegia and the Falkland Tslands.
Nat. Ord. Grrantace®.—Tribe OXALIDE&.
Genus Oxatis, Linn. (Benth and Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 276).
Oxatts enneaphylla, acaulis, rhizomate crasso repente bulbifero squamoso, foliis
longe petiolatis 9-20-foliolatis, petiolo basi scarioso-stipulato, foliolis radianti-
bus glaucis plus minusve pubescentibus cuneato-obcordatis 2-lobis, pedunculis
petiolo squilongis 1-floris 2-bracteolatis, floribus amplis albis, sepalis
sericeis villosisve apicibus interdum bipunctatis, stylis hirsutis.
O, enneaphylla, Cav. Je. vol. v. p. 7. t. 411; Gaud. in Ann. Soc. Nat. vol. v. p.105,
et in Freye. Voy. Bot. p. 137 ; D’ Urvillein Mem. Soe. Linn. Par, vol. v. p. 616;
DO. Prod. vol. i. p. 702; Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 494; Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. vol. i.
pars i. p. 253.
VinatGreTTE, Pernetty, Voy. vol. ii. p. 54.
In the Flora Antarctica I have described this plant as the
pride of the Falkland Islands, where it grows in such pro-
fusion at Berkeley Sound, on banks overhanging the sea, as
to cover them with a mantle of snowy white in the spring
month of November; adding that it is an excellent antiscor-
butic and agreeable pot herb, though too acid to be used
except in tarts and puddings.
When the above was written this plant was supposed
to be confined to the Falkland Islands; it was, however,
found in the Straits of Magellan by D’Urville’s Expedi-
tion, and by Lechler at Cape Negro, also in the Straits. It
must, however, be a very rare and local Antarctic American
plant, as it escaped the notice of all other Fuegian collectors, and
is not included in Gay’s “ Flora of Chili,” where many species
of the genus are described. There is another Fuegian Oza/is
closely allied to our English 0. Acetosella. As in the last-named
plant the flowers of O. enneaphylla are dimorphic, one form (that
here figured) having the stamens much longer than the styles ;
while in the other the styles far exceed the stamens, as de-
scribed in De Candolle’s Prodromus. This dimorphic
condition, now so well recognised as a common phenomenon
amongst flowering plants, is subservient to the purpose of
*
cross-fertilization. The specimen here figured was brought
to Kew along with other plants in a Ward’s case by
H. M.S. Challenger, from the Falklands in June last, and
flowered in July ; it is a very small individual, full grown
ones often having petioles and peduncles 6—9 inches long,
and three whorls of leaflets. It will unquestionably prove
a beautiful and interesting rock-work plant, requiring, how-
ever, coolness and moisture for successful cultivation.
Drscor. Rootstock 1 to 2 inches long, nodose, simple or
branched, clothed with scarious stipular leaf-sheaths, tip
villous. Leaves numerous, glabrous pilose or silky, petiole
4-6 inches long, obscurely jointed above the stipule ; leaflets
9-20, whorled, usually 2-seriate, obcordate, glaucous,
rather fleshy; stipules linear, scarious, red-brown. Pe-
duncles equalling the petioles, 2-bracteolate above the middle ;
bracteoles scarious. Flowers solitary,-1—14 inch in diameter.
Sepals lanceolate, subacute, ciliate, with at times 2 black
dots towards the apex. Pe/als much exceeding the sepals,
obovate-obcordate, spreading, white or pale rose-coloured,
with purple veins. Stamens 10, alternately long and short, —
erect. Styles 5, stigmas capitate. Capsule oblong, silky.—
dad), H.
Fig. 1, Top of peduncle, bracteoles, and flower, with petals removed;
2, stamen and pistil; 3, pistil :—all enlarged.
Fo
wy 3
of
ad
a
=
:
5
The binder is requested to cancel the description of
Tas. 6257. LAvURENTIA caRNosULA, and to sub-
stitute for it the accompanying, 6257. DoWNINGIA
PULCHELLA.
Tas. 6257,
DOWNINGIA PULCHELLA.
Native of California.
Nat. Ord. CampanutacrEm.—Tribe Lopenins,
Genus Downriver, Torrey. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 550).
Downrnera pulchella ; glaberrima, erecta v. diffuse ramosa, foliis carnosulis -
lineari-lanceolatis acutis v. subobtusis integerrimis, floribus axillaribus
sessilibus, calycis tubo elongato, limbi lobis linearibus, corollx tubo brev1,
labii superioris 2-partiti segmentis ovato-lanceolatis, labii inferioris late
quadrati 3-lobi lobis rotundatis, capsula lineari 1-14 pollicari.
D. pulchella, Torr. in Pacif. Rep. vol. iv. p. 116. A. Gray in Bot. Geol. Surv.
Calif. vol. i. p. 444, (1876).
Cuintonra pulchella, Lindl. in Bot. Req. t. 1909; Don in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard.
Ser. 2, t. 412.
A very elegant little annual, a native of marshy places, river-
banks, and springs in N.W. America, from British Columbia
to California ; introduced by Douglas almost half a century
ago, but long lost to cultivation. It has again been intro-
duced by our excellent contributor, Mr. Thompson, of
Ipswich, who flowered it in July, 1875, and to whom | am
indebted for the specimen here figured. .
The genus Downingia contains two supposed Western
American species and a Chilian one. The other North Ameri-
can species is the D. elegans, Torr. (Clintonia elegans, Lindl. in
Bot. Reg. t. 1241, of which 0. corymbosa, A. DC. Prod. vol. vil.
p. 347, is a form.) This I find it quite impossible to dis-
tinguish by Herbarium specimen or drawingsfrom D. pulchella.
Asa Gray, who is the last describer of the species, and whose
authority on North American plants is so high that it almost
compels acceptance of his views, keeps the two distinct in the
recently published ‘ Flora of California,’ saying that they are
very like one another, but that the leaves of pulchella
are mostly narrower and obtuse, the divisions of its upper lip
ovate-lanceolate or oblong (not lanceolate), and that the
lower lip is much dilated and deeply 3-lobed with a large
white or yellowish centre (that of D. elegans having @
broad white spot). : ;
The Chilian species again is known only from dried speci-
mens, and these precisely resemble the Californian in all
apparent characters of habit, foliage, flower, and fruit, except
that, according to Bentham in the Genera Plantarum, the latter
appears to dehisce by one suture instead of two or three.
I find, however, great variability in the dehiscence of the
capsules of D. pulchella ; and as the seeds of the Californian and
Chilian plants are otherwise identical, there are no apparent
grounds for the separation. If the union of these be
contirmed, it will add another to the already numerous list of ©
plants common to Chili and temperate Western §8. America,
which are absent in intermediate latitudes,
Drscr. A very variable, perfectly glabrous annual, erect
ot prostrate or ascending, with stout or slender branches from
the root 6-18 inches long. Leaves emarginate one half to one
inch long, opposite or alternate, fleshy, sessile, linear, linear-
oblong, or ovate-oblong, acute or obtuse, quite entire.
Howers very variable in size, sessile, axillary in the upper
leaves, forming leafy racemes. Calyzx-tube linear, exceeding
the leaves ; lobes five, linear-oblong, obtuse, fleshy, spreading.
Corolla 1-3 inch in diameter, pale violet-blue, with a yellow
area surrounded with a white border on the lower lip;
tube very short, obconic; lips very spreading; upper smaller,
divided to the base into two nearly parallel lanceolate obtuse
Segments ; lower much larger, nearly quadrate, but broader
than long, 3-lobed, the lobes very obtuse. Capsule one to
nearly 3 inches long, linear, obtusely 3-angled, 1-celled,
many-seeded, splitting longitudinally into 2-3 membranous
placentiferous valves. Seeds minute, shortly fusiform, acute
at both ends » testa smooth, pale brown.—J. D. H.
SE ee ee
Fig. 1, Flower, magnified.
6258
‘Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp
—_
Tas. 6258.
MASDEVALLIA potysticra.
Native of Northern Peru.
Nat. Ord. OrncaipE#.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLIDEZ.
Genus MAspevattta, Ruiz and Pav. (Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orchid, p. 192).
Maspevatita polysticta ; foliis obovato-lanceolatis in petiolum gracilem angustatis
apice 2-dentatis, scapis gracilibus folia excedentibus nudis, floribus racemosis
niveis purpureo-punctatis, bracteis lanceolatis ovaria equantibus, sepalorum
tubo breviter campanulato basivalde gibbo et tumido intus puberulo, lobis semi-
circularibus erosis in caudas patentes duplo longiores abrupte angustatis,
petalis parvis falcato-oblongis apices versus erosis, labello linguzformi
apicem versus in lobum terminalem sequilatum undulatum rotundatum
desinente, disco obscure carinato, columna superne serrata.
M. polysticta, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1874, vol. i. p. 338, and ii. 290.
This sparkling little Masdevallia is one of three brought
to notice by Reichenbach in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, as
having been imported from Peru by Mr. Ortgies of the
Botanic Gardens of Zurich; all of these are natives of the
temperate region of the Andes in Northern Peru, and were
discovered by Mr. Roezl; of these the subject of the plate
flowered simultaneously with Messrs. Veitch, and in the Prince
Carl Egon zu Fiirstenberg’s Garden at Donaueschingen. Our
drawing was, however, made from a plant that flowered with
Mr. Green, of Reigate, in March of last year. Mr. Roezl in-
formed Dr. Reichenbach that he had found tufts of this
species with twenty racemes of flowers ; and that it was quite
like Odontoglossum nevium or O. blandum.
_ Duscr. Densely tufted. Zeaves with the petiole four to five
inches long, obovate-oblanceolate, narrowed into the slender
petiole, 2-toothed at the tip, bright green, 3-nerved, chan-
nelled down the middle; basal sheaths short, appressed,
greenish. Scapes numerous, slender, exceeding the leaves,
naked, 5-6-flowered ; bracts lanceolate, exceeding the ovary,
pedicels short. Ovary short, turgid, with three crenulate
angles. Flowers 13 inch in diameter from the tip of the
dorsal to that of either lateral sepal, white speckled with
purple. Zwbe of cuneate sepals } inch long, shortly campanu-
late, incurved, very tumidly gibbous below, 3-angled,
angles keeled; free parts of sepals almost semi-circular, con-
cave, erose on the margins, tips suddenly contracted into
slender spreading yellow tails that are twice as long as the
rest of the perianth. /e/als linear-oblong, falcate, apiculate,
toothed below the apex in front. Zip tongue-shaped, recurved,
suddenly contracted towards the tip, which consists of a
nearly orbicular-terminal lobe, which is of the same diameter
as the rest of the lip; disk obscurely carinate. Column with
serrated margins above.—/J. D. #7.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same with the perianth cut longitudinally ; , column,
ovary, and claw of lip; 4, limb of lip:—all enlarged,
a
a
q
FE
=
Tas. 6259.
CALLIPHRURIA THarrwaeiana.
Native of New Granada.
Nat. Ord. AmMarRYLLTDACER.—Tribe PANcRATIER.
Genus Cariipurvrta, Herbert, (Kunth. Enum. Pl. vol. v. p. 692).
Cattrpnrurra Hartwegiana; bulbo ovoideo stolonifero, tunicis brunneis mem-
branaceis, foliis oblongo-spathulatis acutis firmis glabris viridibus distincte
petiolatis, caule tereti pedali, umbellis 6-8-floris, bracteis parvis linearibus
membranaceis, pedicellis flore brevioribus, ovario globoso, perianthii albi
tubo infundibulari segmentis oblongis equilongo, staminibus limbo bre-
vioribus, stylo exserto apice stigmatoso distincte tricuspidato.
C. Hartwegiana, Herbert in Bot. Reg. 1844, Misc. no. 83; Kunth. Enum. Pl.
vol. v. p. 692).
This plant is still the only known species of the genus. Of
familiar types it comes nearest Hucharis and Lurycles, but
besides the technical distinction, which depends mainly on the
stamens (which here are constructed on the same plan as im
the section Porrum of the genus Allium, but all six quite
uniform), our plant is constructed throughout upon a smaller
scale, with firmer narrower leaves, and flowers not above an
inch in diameter when expanded. It was discovered by
Hartweg about 1842, amongst the mountains of the province
of Bogota in New Granada, and has lately been imported by
Mr. William Bull, from one of whose specimens the present
figure was made in July, 1874.
Desor., Bulb ovoid, an inch thick, copiously stoloniferous,
with brown membranous tunics. eaves about four in a
rosette, cotemporary with the flowers, oblong-spathulate,
acute, firm and rather coriaceous in texture, bright green,
glabrous, narrowed into a distinct petiole two to three inches
long, which is flat on the face and rounded on the back.
Scape terete, about a foot long; umbels 6-8-flowered ; bracts
small, membranous, linear; pedicels one half to three fourths
of an inch long. Perianth white, funnel-shaped, an inch
long, the oblong segments, which spread almost horizon-
tally when fully expanded, as long as the tube. Stamens
six, inserted on the same level at the throat of the tube.
Filaments petaloid, with three large linear teeth at the top,
the middle one of which bears the yellow ligulate versatile
anther. Ovary globose; ovules two to three in a cell.
Style filiform, exserted, straight, distinctly tricuspidate
at the stigmatose tip.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Entire flower cut open; 2, a single anther; 3, horizontal section of
ovary :—all magnified.
W Bitch det ct [ath
. Som Lap
z
©
re Day
KS ay
00
ncemt Br
VF-
wir
Tap. 6260.
ICACINA Mannu.
Native of Old Calabar.
Nat. Ord. Ovacinem.—Tribe IcacinEax.
Genus Icactna, A. Juss. (Benth. and Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 852).
Icactna Mannii ; frutex scandens, ramis gracilibus glabris, foliis breviter petiolatis
ellipticis caudato-acuminatis integerrimis basi rotundatis membranaceis
glaberrimis y. costa subtus et petiolo puberulis, costa nervisque remotis
gracilibus, floribus in eymas fasciculatas v. dichotomas axillares brevissime
pedunculatas sericeo-hirsutas dispositis flavis, bracteis minutis, calycis lobis
ovatis, petalis extus sericeis intus barba transversa excepta glabris, stigmate
punctiformi.
I. Mannii, Oliv. Fl. Trop, Afr. vol. i. p. 357.
The genus Joacina consists of but few species, all as
far as hitherto observed, natives of Western Tropical Africa ;
their uses, if any, are unknown, and they vary much in habit.
The type of the genus J. senegalensis, Juss, has terminal long-
peduncled panicled cymes of flowers, as described in the
generic character published in the “Genera Plantarum.”
Since that work appeared, however, other species have been
added by Professor Oliver, from West African collections,
in one of which the flowers are in axillary dichotomously
branched very spreading cymes, whilst in another, the sub-
ject of the present plate, the inflorescence is reduced to almost
sessile fascicles, which, however, on careful examination, are
found to be reducible to shortly peduncled forked cymes.
I. Mannii is a uative of the Gulf of Guinea, where it was dis-
covered at Old Calabar by Mr. Gustav Mann (now Inspector
of India-rubber Forests in Assam), when collecting for the
Royal Gardens in 1863; he, however, sent no living specimens.
In 1865 its large tuberous roots were sent by the Rev. Mr.
Thompson, to Mr. Clark, of the Glasgow Botanical Garden,
which flowered in October, 1870, and from which the accom-
panying drawing was made.
Descr. Root a large tuber 6—12 inches in diameter (Clark).
Stem slender, climbing, terete, glabrous. Leaves alternate, five to
seven inches long (twelve in young plants), shortly petioled,
elliptic, abruptly narrowed into a long point, rounded at the
base, quite entire, membranous, glabrous, or with the midrib
beneath and petiole puberulous ; nerves few, distant, slender.
Cymes silky, axillary, very short, solitary or fascicled, di-
chotomously branched; bracts minute, lanceolate. Flowers about
one quarter of an inch long. Calyx 5-lobed, silky; lobes
broad, ovate, much shorter than the corolla. Petals linear-
oblong, yellow, externally silky, glabrous within, except
the transverse beard of flexuous hairs across the middle.
Stamens exserted, filaments slender. Ovary silky, narrowed
into a slender style ; stigma a minute point.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, petal ; 3, stamen; 4, ovary; 5, vertical, and 6, transverse
sections of ditto:—all enlarged.
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CONTENTS OF No. 382, OCTOBER, 1876.
Tas. 6255.—SERAPIAS PAPILIONACEO-LINGUA
(hybrid).
» 6256.—OXALIS ENNEAPHYLLA.
» 6257.—LAURENTIA CARNOSULA.
» 6258—MASDEVALLIA POLYSTICTA. %
» 6259.—CALLIPHRURIA HARTW EGIANA.
i. 6260.—ICACINA MANNII.
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NATAL:
A HISTORY AND DESCRIPTON OF THE COLONY,
INCLUDING ITS
NATURAL FEATURES, PRODUCTIONS, INDUSTRIAL
CONDITION, AND PROSPECTS.
BY: .- 5
HENRY BROOKS,
FOR MANY YEARS A BESIDENT IN THE COLONY.
EDITED BY
DR. R. J. MANN, FRAS., FBS.
LATE SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION IN THE COLONY.
CONTENTS:
- CHAPTER
I, eee ae Position and Character.
Geological Formation.
i Climate.
IV. Wild Animal Life.
¥. Indigenous Vegetable Productions.
_ VI. Early History.
VIL. British Colonisation and Rule.
ae Vill. Social Progress and Prospects.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PLATE
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2, Physical and Topographical Map of the Colony. ;
3. Plan of the Inner Bay or Harbour. ©
4. Sandstone Wall on the shoulder of Pietermaritzburg Table Mountain.
5. Mines at the Diamond Fields on the Vaal River.
6. The Valley of the Umgeni from Table Mountain.
‘7. The Lower Falls of the Umgeni.
8. Great Fall of the Umgeni at Howick.
9. Glade at Aliceville, with Wild Bananas and Datel
14 Bilas was Seite Anti
13, Thunbergia Natalita.
_' 14, Portrait of Langalibalele, Chief of the ‘Kinabi bi Kale
eo iw ier ant Verulam. am
a 6] a pasos the Tugela Valley.
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‘eieinue la horticole journal des jardins, des serres et des vergers, par Ch, Morren. Tome
1—25. gr. 8. Liége 1851—75. Br. n. r. £8. een
Bentham (G,) and Mueller (F.) Flora Australiensis, a Description of the Plants of the
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Bentham (G.) and Hooker (J. D.) Genera Plantarum ad Exemplaria, imprimis in Herbariis
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Bentham et Hooker, Genera Plantarum ad Exemplaria imprimis in Herbariis Kewensibus
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Imperial 8vo., 32s. Volume 2, complete, 1876, £2 16s.
Bentham (G.) Flora Hongkongensis, a description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the
Island of Hong Kong, with a map of the island, and a supplement by Dr. Hance, 8vo., cloth,
1861-72, 14s. 6d. (pub. 18s.) : -
Bentham (G.) Handbook of the British Flora, a Description of the Flowering Plants and
Ferns of the British Isles, crown 8vo., cloth, 1866, 9s. 6d. (pub. 12s.) —
Bentham (G.) Illustrated British Flora, illustrated edition of the Flowering Plants and Ferns
t ata Isles ; 1,295 wood engravings by W. Fitch, 2 volumes, 8vo., new, cloth, 1865, 30s.
ub. :
Bentley. Manual of Botany, including the structure, functions, classifications, properties,
wm 1. ae illustrated with several hundred jengravings, thick volume, post 8vo., cloth,
Ss.
Berghuis. Niederlandischer Obstgarten, in German and French, the Text by Gavere and
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4to., newly half bound morocco, Groningen, 1868, £3 15s.
Berkeley (Rev. M.J.) Handbook of British Mosses of the British Isles, 24 coloured plates,
demy 8vo., cloth, 1863, 16s. (pub. 21s.)
OUELO teee J.) Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany, 157, woodcuts, 8vo., cloth boards,
» 08. ub. 20s, )
Tae ek (Rev. M. J.) Outlines of British Fungology, 24 coloured plates, demy 8vo., cloth,
a (L. A.) The Olive and its products; with 17 illustrations,80 pp., 8vo., sewed, Brisbane,
Blackwell (E.) A Curious Herbal, with 500 coloured plates of the Plants used in Physic, with
description ; 2 volumes, folio, calf neat, sound copy, 1739, £2 10s.
An original copy coloured by the Author. x!
Bloxam (Rev. A.) A collection of British Rubi, about 60 species and varieties, carefully dried
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Bloxam (Rev.A.) Wild British Roses, about 40 species and varieties,classified and named from
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Bolton (James) Filices Britannics 4to., with 81 coloured plates, cloth, good copy, 21
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wed somes) Flora of Reigate, 12mo., cloth, new, with isi, name i:
rook (Richard) Cyclopzdia of Botany, and complete book of Herbs, forming a History and
a of all Plants, British and Foreign, which are known tobe useful to Man. 600
a engravings of Plants, 2 volumes, 8vo., cloth, gilt, 1868, 14s..
—— (J.) Forester, a practical Treatise on the planting, rearing, and management of
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ical an, alogi ents, numer-
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876,
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‘ ; merican: . rth
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Catlow(Agnes) Popular Field Botany, a Description of the Plants most common tothe various
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51857, 5s., (Published 10s. 6d.) Davee i RPT EME eh
Chanter (C.) Ferny Combes; a Ramble after Ferns in the Glens and Valleys of Devon}
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Church—Floral Calendar, compiled by E. Curley, illustrated on every page, with magnificen
~ scroll:work borders and vignettes designed by W. R. Tymmas, 4to cloth, 1869, 9s., (published 21s)
Clayton (J.) Flora Virginica exhibens Plantas in Virginia crescentes, observavit J, F. Grono-
vius, 4to/\Cmap, Lugduni Bat, 1762; 8s. 6d.
Clerk (P. K.) A Botanical Lexicon of Vegetable Physiology, 8vo, cloth, 1837, 5s.
Coles (W.) Plants, Fruits, Herbs,and Flowers, History of, with their Wholesome Virtues and
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Cooke(M.C.) Handbook of the British Fungi, with full descriptions of all the species and illus-
trations of the ‘Genera, 1 coloured plate and about 400 wood engravings, 2 thick volumes, 8vo,
sewed, 1870-1, £1.
Cooke (M.C.) Rust, Smut, Mildew, and Mould, an introduction to the study of Microscopic
Fungi, with nearly 300 figures by J. E. Sowerby, mostly coloured, foolscap 8vo., cloth,
1865, 4s.
Corda op C. J.) Beitrage zur Flora der Vorwelt, sixty plates, imperial 4to., doards, Prage,
1845, £1 10s,
Corda (A.C.J.) Icones Fungorum hucusque cognitorum, 6 volumes, folio eum 64 tabb. aen,
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Cosson (B.) et Durieu, Exploration Scientifique de Patserie contenant Botanique par Cosson
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Cowell (M.H.) Flora of Kent, with the flowering periods, &e., 8yo, maps, doards, 1839, 3s. 6d.
Crombie (Rev. J., M.A.) Geological Relations of the Alpine Flora of Great Britain, 8vo,
pp 20, 2s.
Curtis (W.) Botanical Magazine, General Index to the Plants, contained in the frst 53
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5500 beautifully coloured plates, 92 volumes, 8vo. bound in 67, calf neat, £80, 1787-1864 (tlie
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Curtis (W.) Botanical Magazine, Companion to the; being a Journal contain such inter-
esting Botanical Information as does not come within the prescribed limits of the ne, by
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Curtis (W.) Flora Londinensis,comprising the History of Plants indigenous to Great Britain,
their Uses, Economy, etc. with the Addi iis Graves: and Sir W. Jacksow Hooker, the draw-
ings made by Sowerby, Sydenham, Edwards,and Lindley, upwards of 650 large and finely engraved
plates, all beautifully coloured, complete in 4 large thick volumes, royal folio, half-bound ealf gilt,
top edges gilt, fine set, 1777-1835, £16 16s. .
Curtis (W.) Flora Londinensis; or Platesand Descriptions of such Plants as Grow Wild in the
Environs of London, with their Places of Growth and Times of. Flowering, their several Uses in
Medicine, etc. 413 plates, exhibiting the full natural size of each Plant, with magnified dissec-
tions of the parts of ctboten, etc. Allbeautifully coloured, 2 thick yolumes, royal folio,
half bound, rough edges, entirely uncut, 1777-99, £4. © — j :
Curtis W. de Lectures on Botany, portrait and numerous coloured plates, 3 volumes, royal
.
W, Weoler, 20, Revex Biveet, Stzspddenlity: =e '.
6 NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC
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Curtis (W.) Practical Observations on the British Grasses, especially such as are best adapted
to the Laying Down or Improving of Meadows and Pastures, coloured plates, royal 8vo., boards,
1805, 4s. . ‘ J
Darwin (E.) The Botanic Garden ; a Poem with Philosophical Notes, 2 volumes, 8vo, calf,
1799, 3s. 6d. :
Daubeny (C.) Essay on the Trees and Shrubs of theJAncients, 8vo., Oxford 1865, 8s. 6d.
Davies (W.) Welsh Botanology, part 1, Catalogue of the Native Plants of the Isle of Angel-
sey, in Latin, English, and Welsh, 8vo, boards uncut, 1813, 6s. 6d. f
Deakin (R.) Florigraphia Britannica, or Descriptions of the Flowering Plants, and Ferns of
Great Britain, with upwards of 1000 finely engraved Figures of Flowers, etc., 4 volumes, 8vo,
... grained calf, nice set, 1841-48, £2 15s. ood
De Candolle (A. P.) and Sprengel (K.) Elements of the Philosophy of Plants, containing the
Principles of Scientific Botany. 8vo, half cloth, 1821, 4s. :
De Candolle (A. P.) Astragalogia nempe Astragali, Biserule ot Oxytropidis nec non Phacw
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Parisiis (Didot), 1802, 10s. 6d, (published £6 6s.) :
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ralis Normas digesta, 17 volumes, 8vo, paper binding, new, uncut, Paris, 1824-73, £12 complete,
(published at £15),
De Candolle (A. P.) Prodromus, H. W.Buek’s Index to the above, 3 volumes, 8vo, sewed, £2 10s.
De Candolle (A.P.)Vegetable Organography, or Description of the Organs of Plants, translated
: m4 Og 23 plates containing many figures, 2 volumes, 8vo, cloth, 1841, $s. 6d. (published
Dietrich (D.) Synopsis Plantarum, seu Enumeratio systematica Plantarum adhuc Cognitarum,
etc., 5 thick vols, 8vo, half-morocco, neat, scarce, Vimarie, 1839-52, £2.
Dillenius (J. J.) Historia Muscorum in qua circiter, 600 species Veteres et Novze ad sua genera
a speed et Iconibus illustrantur, 4to, Ch. Max, a fine copy, Russia extra, Oxon., 1741
Dillenius (J . J.) Historia Muscorum, a general History of Land and Water Mosses and Corals,
with 85 plates, containing about 1000 figures drawn from nature, royal 4to, cloth; 1768, 15s.
Don (G.) General System
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Donn (James) Hortus Cantabrigiensis; An Accented Catalogue of Indigenous and Exotic
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8vo0, morocco, 1823, : ;
ter (Rev. H. P., M.A.,) The Young Collector's Handybook of Botany, 66 wood en-
gravings, 3s. -
Eaton (Prof.
} A.) Manual of Botany for North America, containing Generic and Specific descrip-
tions of the Indig nous Plants and Common Cultivated Exotics growing North of the Gulf of
Mexico, 6th edition, thick post 8vo, calf, 1833, 3s. 6d.
ondston (T.) Flora of Shetland ; comprehending a list of the Flowering and Cryptogamic
Plants, with Remarks on Topography, Geology, and Climate, post 8vo, cloth, 1845, 3s.
Eawaris (8) The Botanical Register. Edited by John Lindley, Ph. D., F.R.S., -_ Le
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Edwards (S.) New Botanic Garden, illustrated with 133 plates, coloured with the greatest exact-
volumes, royal 4to, calf, gilt edges, 1812, £1 1s.
+ Bein bi Bread Fruit, 4to, with plates, 1775, 3- cat :
zZ. i f = | uter.
This. M. 42 Taf, 4. Wieti, Akad., 1961, 198 Gn ee atte der Fark
este. Wien 1861. ; 276
im Text, 122. 6d. (published at £3)" ™ % Tin. in Naturselbstdruck u.
Eve yn (John) Sylva ; a Discourse of Forest : . :
Eve nid), goncerning ine Trees, folio, i ea imei ip pet Sy
: winlss und, 700, 8a Gd.” NOFeSt Treos and the propagation of Timber, portrait
and Hi A ig he "G ‘ mise of Forest Troes, and of the propagation of Timber
martin of =n oe nae Notes by Dr. Hunter, 2 volumes, royal 4to. -
SS velyn by Bartololozzi, calf, 1786, £1 15s,
Provinces, 8vo,, coloured map and plates, cloth,
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Feilding (H. S.) and Gardner (G.) Sertum Plantarum, or drawings and descriptions of rare
and undescribed plants from the Authors Hebarium, with 75 plates, 8vo., boards, 1844, 5s,
Fischer (E. L.) Synopsis Astragalorum Tragacantharum, &c. An elaborate monograph of this
section of the genus Astragalus, in which 175 species are described and 33 are figured, Mercow,
1853, sewed, 6s.
Fitzgerald (R. D.) Australian Orchids, Part 1, 7?%plates and pages of text, large folio,
rice 20s, plain, 25s. coloured. Sidney, printed for the Government.
Floral Magazine complete, containing Figures and Descriptions of popular Garden Flowers, by
the Rev. H. H. Dombrain, 560 beautifully executed plates, accurately drawn, and splendidly
coloured, 10 volumes, royal 8vo., cloth boards new, 1861-71, £11 11s. (pub. £18 7s. 6d.)
Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe, Annales générales d’ Horticulture, 20 volumes, royal
8vo , containing 2145 beautifu!ly coloured plates, and over 2000 woodcuts (published unbound at
£30.) half green morocco, the last two volumes as issued, Gand, 1845-74, £26 10s.
Forbes (J.) Hortus Woburnensis, a descriptive Catalogue of upwards of Six Thousand Orna-
oT Sa ie cultivated at Woburn Abbey, numerous engravings, thick royal 8vo. calf gilt,
Forbes (J.);Pinetum Woburnense: a catalogue of Coniferous Plantsfin the collection of the Duke
of Bedford, at Woburn Abbey ; systematically arranged by J. Forbes, imperial, 8vo., front
and 68 coloured plates of the size of two pages, cloth, 1839, £18 18s. sate :
Forster (T. F.) Flora Tonbrigensis ; or a Catalogue of Plants growing wild in the neighbourhood
of Tonbridge Wells, a Guide to the Central Flora of Kent and Sussex, with additions by f.
Forster, coloured plates, post 8vo., Tonbridge Wells, 1842, 5s. se ta
Fortune (R.) Journey to the Tea Countries of{China, with notices of the Tea Plantations in the
Himalaya Mountains, 17 illustrations, 8vo., cloth boards, 1852, 7s. 6d. (pub. 15s.) :
Francis (G. W.) An Analysis of the British Ferns, with their Allies ; 5th edition, revised
and enlarged by Arthur Henfrey, F.R.S., with numerous engravings, 8vo., cloth, 1855, 58,
Garidel (M.) Histoire des Plantes qui naissent en Provence et aux environs d’Aix, &c., folio,
large paper, fine plates, Paris, 1719, 12s. 6d. ji : pstiah tie
Gatty (A.) British Seaweeds, drawn from Professor Harvey’s *‘ Phycologia Britannica,” with
descriptions, an Amateur’s Synopsis, Rules for laying on Seaweeds, an Order for arranging them
in the Herbarium, and an Appendix of New Species, by Mrs. Alfred Gatty, illustrated with 50
— i containing 384 figures, in 2 volumes, super-royal 8vo., cloth, £1 12s
pub. £2 10s. ‘ :
Gerarde (J.) Catalogue of his Garden. Catalogus Arborum, Fruticum ac Plantarum in Horto
ohannis Gerard nt et chirurgi Londinensis: uaselallll : ex off. Arnoldi Hatfield, London,
, 278. 6d, :
Gibson (G. 8.) Flora of Essex, 8vo., cloth, good copy, with map and plates, 1862, 5s. eek:
Gray (Asa) Botanical Text-Book, or Introduction to Scientific Botany, 1100 woodcuts, ’
cloth boards, New York, 1850, 5s. ‘ 8
Gray (Asa) Botany of the Northern United States, thick, small 8vo., cloth, 1848, 5s. Britai
Gray (S. 0.) British Seaweeds : an Introduction to the Study of Marine Algz of Great ‘a
Ireland, and the Channel Islands, crown 8vo., cloth, 16 coloured plates, 8s. Gd. (pub. 10s. 6d.)
Gray (Asa) First Lessons in Botany and Vegetable Physiology, with a lossary
Terms, 8vo., half bound neat, New York, 1857, 6s. F :
Gray (A.) Neronad Arrangement of British Plants, according to their relations to each other, with
their Uses, time of Flowering, &c., 2 thick volumes, 8vo., 1521, 9s. 6d. Ieardicutaned Plain of
Greville (R.K ) Algz Britannicz,or Descriptions of the Marine and other eee . ~-4
bs Exitiab Islands of the Order ae 19 fine plates, containing severa undred beautifu’ 7
coloured figures, 1836, 24s. (pub. £2 Zs.) : <a
Greville (R. K.) Cryptogamic Flora, or Coloured Figures and eis gees bob an.
Plants, belonging chiefly to the Order, Fungi, $0 beautifully coloured plates, met
vo., half morocco extra, gut leaves, -8, £6 ‘ : arranged
Greville (R.K.) Flora Edinensis, or a Description of Plants growing. og dy ret
according to the Linnean System, plates, 8vo., boards, Edinburgh, 1 the Royal Society on the
Grew (Dr. Nehemiah) Anatomy of Plants: Lectures read ae 180, 6d.
_ Philosophical History of Plants, with 83 plates, folio, fine copy, oaths loth, 1864, £1 108. (pub
Griesbach (A.) Flora of the British West Indian Islands, demy v0,
£1 17s. 6d.) cat ole atl Pa
shentonty (Daniel) Science Papers, ChieflyPharmacological an! Botanical,edited with Memote,
y Joseph Ince, 8vo., pp. 540, 1876, 14s. 2 ie : Sat i
Harvey (W.H.) and onder (0.W.) Flora Capensis, 2 hap ng ot Looe 7 ted the Pinets of
the Cape Coleny and Port Natal, v. lume 1-3, 8vo., 1859-65, £1. descrit tions of all the British
makrey — Manual of the British aay sed Alge, bene j plates, £1 8s. 6d.
pecies o weeds, with plates to illustrate the Genera, ©" ™»s oured plates, imperied
Harvey (W. H.) Nereis Keateitie ; or Algz of the Southern Ocean, 50 col e
8vo., sewed, 1847, £2 2s,
ae a Se nl
: 16.
W. Wesley, 28, Essex" Street, Strand, London. No
8 NATURAL HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC
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Harvey (W. H ) Nereis Boreali-Americana ; or History of the Marine Alge of the Atlantic -
and Pacific coasts, 3 parts complete, forming one volnme, thick royal 4to., 50 coloured plates, -
uncut, scarce, Washington, Smithsonian, Institution, 1851-8, £2 10s. bai Das
Harvey (W. H.) Phycologia Australica; or a History of Australian Seaweeds, 300 finely
coloured plates,-each with several figures of the more characteristic Marine Algz of Australasia,
with Descriptions and a Synopsis of all known Australian Algz, 5 volumes, - royal 8vo., cloth,
1858-63, £5 17s. 6d. (pub. £7 13s.) ‘ ‘ wt it
Harvey (W. H.) Phycologia Britannica, or History of British Seaweeds, containing Figures,
generic and specific Characters, Synonymes and Descriptions of all the Species of the British
Algee, nearly an ‘eon coloured plates, 4 volumes, royal 8vo., cloth, 1846-51, £5 17s.
6d.. (pub. £ 4
Hassall (A. H.) History of the British Freshwater Algz, including the Desmidez and
Diatomacez, 103 coloured plates, 2 volumes, 8vo., cloth, scarce, £4 4s. :
Hassard (Annie) Floral Decorations for the Dwelling House. A practical Guide to the
Home Arrangement of Plants and Flowers, with numerous Illustrations, crown 8vo.,5s. © ~
Heath (F.G.) The Fern Paradise: A Plea for the culture of Ferns, 2nd edition, post 8vo.,
pp. 312, 1876, 6s.
Hedwig (J.) Species Muscorum Frondosorum descriptz et Tabulis zeneis coloratis illustrate
opus posthumum ; supplementum quartum a F. Schwaegrichen, a thin 4to. volume, boards, fine
coloured plates, numbered from ceci. to cccxxv. complete, with index, and uncut, Lips. 1842,
15s.
Helmsley (W. B.) Handbook of Hardy Trees, Shrubs, and Herbaceous Plants ; containing
Descriptions, &c., of the Best Species in Cultivation ; with Cultural Details, Comparative Har-
diness, suitability for particular positions, &c. ( ]
Hibberd (S.) The Ferri Garden, how to make, Keép, and enjoy it, or Fern Culture made easy,
8vo, cloth gilt, with coloured plates and engravings, 1872, 3s. .
Hibberd (S.) New and Rare Beautiful Leaved Plants, containing 54 coloured plates, executed
expressly for this work, super-royal 8vo, cloth, 17s. 6d. (published at £1 5s.)
Hibberd (S.) Rose Book, comprising the Best Methods of Cultivating the Rose, either in the
open und or under glass, crown 8vo, cloth, numerous plates, 1874, 6s.
Hill (John) The. Britlsh Herbal; An History of Plants and Trees, Natives of Britain, Culti-
vated ia Use, or raised for Beauty, many plates, some partly coloured, folio, rowgh ‘calf,
1756, 15s. os
Hobkirk (C.P.) Synopsis of British Mosses, containing Descriptions of all the Genera and
Rpscive Na localities of the rarer ones) found in Great Britain and Ireland, demy 8vo,
>. g.
Hoffman (G. F.) Deutschland’s Flora oder Botanisches Taschenbuch. Cryptomie Zweyter
Theil. 14 coloured pits, small square, Erlangen, 1795, 2s. ;
EH (D. G. F.) Vegetabilia Cryptogama, plates, 4to, cai/, 1787, 15s. :
Mee sca a) oe peedigge Aoi ee over 20 plates, partly coloured, each
con seve res, roy: » complete. d In sewed,
woes. Bo Lie, 1883, £37 “4 ‘. ’ plete, an dex Fungorum, royal Byo, .
ofmeister (W.) Germination, Development, and Fructification of the Higher Cryptogamia
(and iy Nn translated by F. ni with 65 microscopic plates, thick rat 1862, 17s 6d.
Hooker (Dr. J. D.) aud Cathcart J. F.) Illustrations of Himalyan Plants, 24 fine large
aed) peeisads coloured plates, with descriptions, royal folio, boards, 1855, £3 10s., (published
Hooker (Dr. J. D.) Flora Antarctica ; the Botany of aa Antarcti Vv f u M.’s Dis-
covery Ships pepvenand kage in, the sane ISG LAA, under the Cotman dt Captain J. C.
? a 0} au Cc = : F
wit 7s (able at s 10158) a y 4 oured figures, 2 volumes royal Ato, cloth, 1847,
ooker (Dr. J, D.) Flora of Australia, its Origin, Afiniti Stil lneaht ies, {Silt :
Pinay? Ranged AN the Flora of Tasmania, 4to, sewed, 1859, 7, ea, Catimten et 10NNe —
wiibed ote rg ) Flora of British ind, Paits 1 and 2, 8vo, sewed, 1872-74, 18s. (pub-
ooker (Dr. J. D.) Flora Tasmamz (Dicotyledones, M : es
tite: Botany pl fiw: Josiooctis Veusanoh it Be Uireretee Ghee tas
1839-1843, illustrated by 200 Rg esi aepar ss u rae of 4,500 Microscopic Analyses, 2 volumes,
ed a : ( :
Booker (Dr. J. D.) Handbook of the New Zealand Flora, a Description of the Native Plants
_ loth boards, 1867, 188, 6d. (published at 30s.) °°? Atek’and, Campbell, and Macquarie, 8v0,
Hooker (Dr. J, D.) Himalayan Journal, or Not
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Hooker (Dr. J. D.) Icones Plantarum : or Figures with Descriptive Characters and Remarks
of New and Rare Plants selected from the Kew Herbarium, 3rd series, volume 2, part 4, 25
plates, 8vo, 8s. ; volume 2, complete, 100 plates, 1876, 32s.
Hooker (Dr J. D.) Rhododendrons of Sikkim-Himalaya, being an Account, Botanical and
Geographical, &c., from Drawings by Dr. Hooker, 30 beautifully coloured plates, folio, cloth
boards, 1849, £3 10s. (published at £4 14s. 6d.)
Hooker (Sir W. J.) and Arnott (G. A. W.) British Flora, comprising the Flowering
Plants and Ferns, seventh edition, enlarged, with plates, thick foolscap, 8vo, cloth, 1855, 8s. 6d.
Hooker (Sir W. J.) and Arnott (G. A. W.) British Flora, comprising the Flowerin
Plants and Ferns, seventh edition, enlarged, with coloured plates, thick 12mo, half ;
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Hooker (Sir W. J.) and Greville (R. K.) Icones Filicum, or Figures and Descriptions of
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14 BOOK CIRCULAR.
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na ?
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Tas. 6261.
ANTHURIUM Bakert.
Native of Costa Rica.
Nat. Ord. ArnorpEm.—Tribe OrontTIEx.
Genus Antuurium, Schott (Prod. Syst. Aroid. p. 436).
Antuoriom (Erythropodium) Bakeri ; caudice brevi radicante, foliis 1)-2-pedali-
bus anguste elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis coriaceis $-nerviis, basi angus-
tatis, petiolo subtereti 3-5-pollicari, geniculo 4-pollicari, nervo medio mediocri
lateralibus gracilibus, nervulis erecto-patentibus, pedunculo petiolum longe
superante, spatha 1}-pollicari oblonga apice rotundata reflexa viridi basi non
amplectente, spadice subsessili v. breviter pedunculata 3-pollicari obtuso,
perianthii segmentis cubicis, filamentis late oblongis, antheris minutis, ovario
ovoideo, stigmate discoideo sessili, fructibus ovoideis apiculatis corallinis
spadicem valde incrassatum et elongatum dense obtegentibus, ovarii loculis
1-ovulatis.
The vast genus Anthurium, contains upwards of 180 spe-
cies (as enumerated by Schott in his Prodromus) all natives of
tropical America, and of which between 50 and 60 were
known to that author in a living state, chiefly from specimens
grown in the rich collection at the Imperial Palace of
Scheenbrun (Vienna) and obtained principally by himself.
At Kew, which is also rich in tropical Aroids, nearly one hun-
dred species of this genus are now in cultivation, forming one
of the principal ornaments of the Aroid-house, where, for
number of species, beauty and variety of form of foliage,
they dispute the palm with the Philodendrons. They are
plants easy of cultivation if supplied with shade, moisture,
and a high temperature, and being remarkably free from
insect-pest they are well adapted for stove culture.
A. Bakeri was imported from Costa Rica by Mr. Bull, who
presented it to the Royal Gardens, where it flowered first in
June, 1872. I am indebted to Mr. J. G. Baker, whose name it
bears, for notes made upon the living plant when in flower.
I have referred it to Schott’s section Erythropodium, though
its peduncle is not red, both because it agrees best with that
section in character, and because its nearest ally is A. Urvil-
Jeanum, Schott, which is placed there by its author.
Descr. Stem short, stout, sending forth numerous stout
root-fibres, Leaves crowded at the top of the stem, narrowly
linear, elliptic-lanceolate, accuminate, 14 to 2 feet long by
2 2-1 in. broad, narrowed to the base, leathery ; midrib
stout ; intra-marginal nerves slender, united to the midrib by
numerous erecto-patent nervules ; petiole much shorter than
the blade, plano-convex, abruptly dilated at the base ; arti-
culation at the top about $ in. long. Peduncle larger than
the petiole, green, slender. Spathe 13-2 in. long, oblong,
rounded at. the tip, green, reflexed, base not sheathing.
Spadiz (flowering) 3 in. long by 4 in. in diameter, pale
yellow green. Perianth-segments cubical with acute angles
and flat tops. laments broadly oblong; anthers very
small. Ovary ovoid, with a sessile discoid stigma, 2-celled ;
cells l-ovuled. Fruiting spadix 6-8 in. long and 1$ in.
diameter ; rachis very stout, fleshy, pink. Fructs the size ofa
small pea, ovoid, aéute, scarlet, 2-seeded.— J.D...
Fig. 1, Flowers from spadix viewed from above; 2, side view of a flower; 3,
stamen and ovary ; 4, fruit; 5, transverse section of ditto :—all enlarged.
6262.
VincentBrooks Day &Son imp
W Ritch de 4. Lith
Tas. 6262.
MASDEVALLIA IONOCHARIS.
Native of Peru.
Nat. Ord. OrcuipEa.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLIDE®.
Genus Masprvaniia, Ruiz and Pav. (Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orchid. p. 192).
MaspEVALL ta ionocharis ; parvula, dense cxspitosa, foliis cum petiolo 3-4-polli-
caribus, lamina elliptico-lanceolata acuta, apice tridenticulato, scapis foliis
subequilongis gracilibus, bractea tubulosa appressa pedicello_breviore,
perianthio 4-poll. longo campanulato albo-sanguineo 3-lobo, lobis latis
abrupte caudatis, caudibus tubo equilongis stramineis, petalis oblongis basi
antice auriculatis apices versus obtusos crenatis, labelli inclusi ungue
uncinato, lamina lingueeformi apiculata basi cordata disco 2-carinato, columna
marginibus fere integris. :
M. ionocharis, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1875, p. 388.
The number of Wuasdevallie in cultivation increases yearly ;
in 1830 but three species were known to science, and these
only from books, drawings, and dried specimens; 36 are
enumerated in the 5th volume of ‘ Walpers’ Annalen’, pub-
lished in 1861, and the number is largely increased since
then ; of all the known species, probably a third are grown
in Europe, and known only by cultivated specimens.
M. ionocharis is one of the smaller species of the genus,
and is remarkable for the bright colouring of the flowers that
areabundantly produced in autumn. It was made known by
Dr. Reichenbach, who published it from specimens discovered
by Mr. Davis in Peru, and flowered by Messrs. Veitch in the
Royal Exotic Nurseries, to whom the Royal Gardens are
indebted for the specimens here figured, which flowered in
September, 1875.
Duscr. Densely tufted. Leaves with the petiole 3-4 inches
long, the blade elliptic-lanceolate, keeled, nerveless; apex
with 3 minute teeth; base contracted into a petiole one inch
long or upwards. Scapes numerous, about as long as the
leaves, slender, erect; bract tubular, appressed, shorter than
the pedicel. Flower white, blotched with red-purple, about
4 in. long. Sepals combined into a campanulate 3-lobed tube,
which is yellowish and keeled on the back; lobes semi-
circular, each suddenly contracted into a narrow yellow
obtuse rather flexuous tail about as long as the tube. Petals
oblong, auricled at the base in front, equalling the column,
obtusely toothed at the tip. Zp included, claw uncinate ;
limb tongue-shaped, cordate at the base, apiculate at the tip,
with two keels down the disk. Column with entire margins.—
J.D.
Fig. 1, Pedicel, bract, and flower ; 2, flower with the sepals recurved ; 3, column
and claw of lip; 4, limb of lip :—all enlarged.
eee ee eee eee
Tas. 6263.
LIBERTIA panicuata.
Native of South-East Australia.
Nat. Ord. Intprex:—Tribe CyrrtiEe.
Genus Lipertia, Spreng. (Benth. Fl. Austral. vol, vi. p. 412).
Liertia paniculata; rhizomate brevi, caule breviusculo, foliis distichis basi
imbricatis elongato-linearibus acuminatis planiusculis carinatis striato-
nervosis marginibus levibus, scapo 1}-8-pedali stricto erecto compresso-
angulato ramoso subglanduloso glabrove, ramis suberectis floriferis umbel-
latis, bracteis me mbranaceo-scariosis erectis inferioribus elongatis vaginanti-
bus subulatis, superioribus brevioribus, pedicellis ineequilongis, perianthii
segmentis obovato-oblongis albidis, filamentis infra medium connatis.
L. paniculata, Spreng. Syst. v.i. p. 168. Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. vi. p. 413.
Stsyrincuivum paniculatum, Brown, Prod. p.305; FP. Muell. Fragment, vol. vii. p.91.
Reyrarmra paniculata, Brown l.c. Addend.
Nemartostiema paniculatum, Dietr. Sp. Pl. vol. ii. p. 510.
A very elegant and free-flowering greenhouse plant, which
has been long cultivated at Kew, having been raised from
New South Wales seeds. It flowers early in spring. The
genus to which it belongs is confined to Australia, New
Zealand, and extra-tropical South America, and contains only
3 or 4 species; it is thus one of several instances of a close
botanical relationship between these distant countries. In
North America the genus is represented by its near ally
Sisyrinchium, and which it so much resembles that Brown,
Who first described this species, referred it to that genus, a
view adopted by F. Mueller, though abandoned by Brown
in the Addenda to his Prodromus. Bentham keeps it distinct on
the grounds adduced by Brown, to which he adds that of the
inflorescence. ‘The umbellate appearance of the inflorescence
is due to the common peduncle on which the pedicels are
arranged being very short indeed ; a close examination shows
that each pedicel has a bracteole affixed to it, as in other
LIridee (see Benth. /. c.) a ee
R. paniculata is a native of various hilly districts of New
South Wales and of the Australian Alps in Victoria. _
Drscr. Rootstock short, terminated by a tuft of distichous
grassy foliage. Leaves 3 in. to 1 foot long by 4-4 in. broad,
narrow linear, acuminate, nerved and keeled, margin quite
entire. Stem or scape 1 to 2 ft. high, slender, compressed,
with or without a lanceolate-subulate leaf below the in-
florescence. Panicle long, irregular ; branches distant, alter-
nate, almost erect, with a submembranous erect sheathing
subulate-lanceolate bract at the base of each. Mowers sub-
umbellate ; umbels with short, broad, membraneous bracts ;
pedicels with a bracteole opposite their insertion, strict,
slender, lengthening after flowering, jointed under the flower.
Perianth % in. diameter, segment horizontal, narrowly ob-
long, obtuse, white. Filaments erect, slender, connate at the
base; anthers ellipsoid, yellow. Ovary obovoid; style short,
stigmas 3 spreading horizontally, subulate tips papillose.
Capsule nearly globose, membranous. Seeds numerous,
small, angular.—/.D.H.
Fig. 1, Stamens, ovary, style, and stigmas; 2, the same with the stamens
removed; 3, tranverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.
6264
FncentBrocks Day & Son?
Wid ad et lith
Tas. 6264.
FRITILLARIA recurva.
Native of California.
Nat. Ord. Lin1acex.—Tribe-Tvutirez.
Genus Fririiania, Linn. (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 251).
Fritiiaria (Liliorhiza) recurva; bulbo magno squamoso, caule glabro erecto
semipedali ad bipedali, foliis 6-12 prope medium caulis impositis sessilibus
linearibus inferioribus verticillatis, superioribus sparsis, floribus 2-8 laxe
racemosis cernuis vel superioribus ascendentibus, pedicellis flore brevioribus,
bracteis linearibus foliaceis, perianthii infundibulari-campanulati coccineo-
lutei segmentis oblongo-oblanceolatis subacutis subequalibus prope basin
foveola obscura anguste oblonga preeditis, ovario clayato, stylo ovario duplo
longiore apice stigmatoso obscure tricuspidato.
F. recurva, Benth. Pl. Hartweg., p. 840; Woodin Proc. Acad. Phil. 1868, p. 167 ;
Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 272. :
In colour this is the finest of all the Fritillaries, the red being
as bright as that of a lily, and intermixed, especially in the
inside of the flower, with bright yellow.’ It is a native of
California, and belongs to the small group of Fritillaries with
lily-like bulbs. It was first described by Mr. Bentham from
specimens gathered in 1848 by Hartweg on the mountains
of Sacramento, and has since been collected by Fremont,
Jeffrey, and many others. We first received specimens,
cultivated in Europe from Max Leichtlin, Esq., in 1870.
Our stock at Kew was received in 1875 from Mr. Sargent, of
the Botanic Gardens at Harvard. Thespecimens drawn were
grown in a pot, and are unusually small. In England it
flowers early in May, or at the latter part of April. :
Descr. Bulb globose, squamose, sending out copious
radicular fibres all round the base. ans ee prey
purple mottled with green, varying from g foot to & teet in
height. Leaves 6 to 12, laced: all ita the middle of the
stem; the lower ones in whorls of 3 or 4 each, the upper
ones scattered ; all linear, sessile, ascending, glabrous, green,
2-4in. long. Flowers 2 to 8 in a terminal raceme, drooping
or the upper ascending. Pedicels shorter, than the flowers,
each subtended by a single bract, which is like an ordinary
leaf in shape and texture, but smaller. Perianth 1-14 in.
long, between funnel-shaped and bell-shaped, bright scarlet
on the outside ; in the inside spotted with scarlet on a yellow
ground; segments subequal, oblanceolate-oblong, subacute,
reflexing at the tip when expanded, furnished with an
obscure, narrow, oblong nectary at the base. Stamens rather
shorter than the perianth; anthers small, yellow, oblong.
Ovary clavate; style twice as long as the ovary, obscurely
3 lobed at the stigmatose tip—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Outer segment of perianth; 2, inner segment of perianth; 3, stigmas
and upper part of style :—all magnified.
Witch del @ Lith
ff fmcent. Brooks Day &Son kp
Tap. 6265.
ODONTOGLOSSUM ave.
Native of Guatemala.
Nat. Ord. OrcHipEa#.—Tribe VANDER.
Genus Opontociossum, H. B, and K. (Lindl. Fol. Orchid. Odontoglossum).
Oponroctossum (Isanthum) leve ; pseudobulbis magnis late ovatis ancipitibus,
foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis, scapo suberecto valido elongato, bracteis
parvis late ovatis appressis scariosis, floribus laxe racemoso-paniculatis,
perianthio 2-poll. diametr., sepalo dorsali petalisque adscendentibus, sepalis
lateralibus deflexis omnibus consimilibus lineari-oblongis subacutis sessilibus
cinnamomeis aureo-fasciatis, labello subsessili panduriforme medio recurvo
albo disco violaceo 3-carinato, columna apice ala angusta cincta.
O. leve, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1844, t. 39; Fol. Orchid. Odontogl. p. 18; Walp,
Ann. v. vi. p. 842. ‘
One of the earliest introduced species of the genus, having
been sent to England from Guatemala by both Mr. Skinner
and Hartweg, and having flowered in the Horticultural
Society’s Gardens early in 1842. It is fairly well figured in
the ‘ Botanical Register,’ but evidently from a plant not so
well grown as ours, its pseudobulb being grooved, as if
they had shrunk, the leaves being smaller and the flowers
duller coloured. It has two described closely allied congeners
published since as Odontaglossa, viz., 0. Karwinskei, Rehb. f.
(Oncidium. Lindl. Sert. sub. tab, 20; Cytrochilium, Lindi. in
Bot. Reg. sub. tab. 1992; Miltonia, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc.
vol. iv. p. 83, eum tc.); and O. Reichencheimu, Lindl. and
Rehb. f. lc.) which are probably both forms of the same plant.
O. leve has flowered at Kew repeatedly ; for the first time
in June, 1864, from plants imported from Guatemala ; it is
very fragrant. :
Disa Pseudobulbs 3-4 in. long by 2 to 23 in. broad,
compressed with acute edges, smooth, green. Leaves 6-10
in. long, oblong-lanceolate, acute Seape long, strict, stout.
Flowers numerous, in racemes that are slightly branched at
the base; branches suberect, rachis strict stout ; bracts small,
broad, scarious, appressed. Flowers 2 to 24 in. from the tip
of the dorsal to that of either lateral sepal. Sepals and petals
nearly equal, divaricating, linear-oblong, acute, flat, cinnamon-
brown, banded with yellow, the dorsal and petals ascending,
the lateral sepals deflexed. Zp smaller and shorter than the
sepals, sessile, fiddle-shaped, recurved from the middle ; white
for the half towards the extremity, violet in the other half,
with 5 white ridges. Column winged at the tip only around
the stigma and anthers.—J.D.H.
Fig. 1, lip; 2, column :—both enlarged.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
CONTENTS OF No. 383, NOVEMBER, 1876.
Tas. 6261—ANTHURIUM BAKERT.
» 6262—MASDEVALLIA ITONOCHARIS.
, 6263.—LIBERTIA PANICULATA.
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NATAL:
A HISTORY AND DESCRIPTON OF THE COLONY,
INCLUDING ITS
NATURAL FEATURES, PRODUCTIONS, INDUSTRIAL
CONDITION, AND PROSPECTS.
BY
HENRY BROOKS,
FOR MANY YEARS A RESIDENT IN THE COLONY.
EDITED BY
DR. R. J. MANN, F.R.AS., F.RB.S.
LATE SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION IN THE COLONY.
CONTENTS:
CHAPTER
I. Geographical Position and Character.
IL. Geological Formation.
- JL. Climate.
vv. Sie Animal Life.
: igenous etable Productions.
VI. Early rindi
VIL. British Colonisation and Rule.
VILI. Social Progress and Prospects.
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PLATE
1. Frontispiece. View on the Palmiet River, near Westville.
2. ‘Physical and Topographical Map of the Colony.
3. Plan of the Inner Bay or Harbour. : :
4. Sandstone Wall on the shoulder of Pietermaritzburg Table Mountain.
5. Mines at the Diamond Fields on the Vaal River.
6. The Valley of the Umgeni from Table Mountain.
7. The Lower Falls of the Umgeni.
8. Great Fall of the Umgeni at Howick.
9. Glade at Aliceville, with Wild Bananas and Date-palms.
10. Euphorbia Caput-Meduse.
ll. Arduinia grandiflora—Amatungulu.
12. Scarlet Cyrtanthus—Flame-lily.
13. Thunbergia Natalita.
14. Portrait of Langalibalele, Chief of the Amahlubi Kaffirs.
_ 4S. Mission on the Hills near Verulam.
16. Kranzkop; overlooking the Tugela Valley.
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BRITISH WILD FLOWERS, Familiarly described in the
6266
Day & Son imp
Vincent Brooks!
@lith
1d4i
a
WR
Tas. 6266.
MIRABILIS MULTIFLORA.
Native of New Mexico and California.
Ld
Nat. Ord. NycracrnE”.—Tribe Mrrapiex.
Genus Mrrasiuts, Linn.; (Hndl. Gen. Plant, p. 311).
Mrrasiris multiflora, erecta, robusta, glanduloso-pubescens, caulibus obtuse 4-gonis
divaricatim ramosis, nodis tumidis, foliis oppositis ovato-orbiculatis ovatisve
acutis v. acuminatis basi rotundatis cordatis v. cordato-2-lobis, floribus mag-
nis terminalibus, involucris pedunculatis pollicaribus cyathiformibus v. cam-
panulatis 4-7 floris, lobis late ovatis, perianthii 2-pollicaris tubo infundibili-
forme, limbi explanati lobis rotundatis, staminibus sepius 5 perianthio sequi-
longis.
M. multiflora, A. Gray, in Bot. U.S. and Mex. Bound. Exped. p- 169; Porter and
Coulter, Synops. Flor. Colorado, p. 115.
Oxysarnus multiflorus, Torr. in Ann. New York Lye. vol. ii. p. 237.
Qvamocimp1on multiflorum, Zorr. A. Gray in Sillim. Journ. ser, 2, vol. xv.
p. 321.
Nycracinia? Torreyana, Chois. in DC. Prod. vol. xiii. part 2, p. 430,
This strikingly beautiful plant was raised from Californian
seeds by Mr. Thompson, of Ipswich, who sent flowering spe-
cimens to Kew in July of the present year. It has appa-
rently an extensive range, from the forks of the Platte river,
in lat. 42° N., where it was discovered by Dr. James in 1820,
to Mexico, where it was found near Zacatecas, in lat. 23°,
by Coulter, and subsequently in New Mexico by Wright and
_ Fendler. I cannot but, however, suspect some mistake as
regards the Mexican locality, no other botanist has found
it nearly so far south; and as Coulter collected it also from
California, it is possible that there has been a misplacement
of tickets, or a confusion of his bundles of plants, which were
arranged and distributed after his death by Dr. Harvey, the
late accomplished and indefatigable keeper of the Herbarium
of Trinity College, Dublin (of which Dr. Coulter was Professor
of Botany). The perianth lobes, which are described as
acuminate by Torrey, Porter, and Coulter, are retuse In our
specimens,
Descr. A tall stout much-branched herb, clothed every-
where with a glandular pubescence, which varies much in
quantity. Branches obscurely quadrangular, divaricating,
tumid at the nodes. Leaves, 3-4 inches long, opposite,
petioled, ovate, orbicular-ovate, or ovate-cordate, acute or
acuminate, rarely obtuse, sometimes 2-lobed at the base,
rather thick, quite entire, nerves spreading ; petiole stout.
Flowers in terminal panicles with opposite branches, four to
seven together, in the green cup-shaped or bell-shaped
peduncled involucre, which is about 1 inch long, and has
4 to 5 short broad acute or obtuse erect lobes. Perianth
bright purple; tube 2 inches long, funnel-shaped ; limb flat,
5-lobed, lobes rounded notched at the tip. Stamens 5-6,
hardly exserted ; anthers small, yellow. Style very long and
slender ; stigma ‘capitate. —J. D. H. ,
Fig. 1, Ovary and style of the natural size.
6267
. Vincent Brooks Day®& Son inp
W Fitch d a a ith
Tas. 6267.
TURRAA OBTUSIFOLIA.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. Metiacea.—Tribe Metin.
Genus Turraa, Linn. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 331).
Turrma obtusifolia; glaberrima, ramis virgatis, foliis 1-2-pollicaribus obovatis v, ob-
lanceolatis obtusis integris v. obtuse 3-lobis basi angustatis subsessilibus v.
breviter petiolatis, nervis obscuris, floribus solitariis v. paucis pedunculatis,
calycis glaberrimi dentibus acutis, petalis 1-14-pollicaribus longe unguicu-
latis anguste spathulatis, tubo stamineo anguste cylindraceo, ore multifido,
segmentis subulatis stellatim patentibus, ovario 5-loculari, stigmate mallei-
forme truncato suleato, capsula globosa 3-valvi coriacea, seminibus dorso-
rotundatis.
T. obtusifolia, Hochst. in Flora, vol. xxvii. pars 1, p. 296 ; Harv, et Sond. Fl. Cap.
vol. i, p. 245; Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afric. vol. i. p. 331.
A native of woods and bushy places in the eastern districts
of South Africa, extending from Albany to Natal, apparently
most common in the eastward; it also occurs as far north as
Lake Ngamo in latitude 21° south, where it was gathered
by McCabe, and in Sechualis country, the specimens from
whence have narrower leaves. : z
The genus Turrea consists of pretty white-flowered shrubs
and small trees of tropical Asia and Africa; about sixteen
Species are known. 7”. obtusifolia was raised from seeds sent
to the Royal Garden by H. Hutton, Esq., of Graafreimet, in
1872, which flowered in the present year. ee
Duscr. A shrub 4—6 feet high, with slender strict branches,
everywhere except the young foliage, quite glabrous. Leaves
alternate and fascicled, three-quarters to one and a quarter or
one and a half inches long, obovate or ob-lanceolate, obtuse,
entire or obtusely 3- rarely 5-lobed above the middle, gradu- —
ally narrowed into a very short petiole, bright green, nerves
obscure. Flowers inodorous, axillary, solitary or a few
fascicled together ; peduncles slender, with minute bracts at
the base; much shorter than the leaves. Calyx small, cam-
panulate, shortly 5-toothed, glabrous. Pe¢a/s one to one and
a half inches long, with long slender erect claws gradually
dilating into a spathulate or oblong or elliptic obtuse entire
or obscurely sinuate spreading limb. S/aminal-tube shorter
than the petals, slender, slightly dilated upwards; mouth
fimbriate, the numerous subulate segments spreading like a
star; anthers small, oblong, obtuse. Stigma mallet-shaped,
truncate, sides grooved, top glandular. Ovary 5-celled. Cap-
sule as big as a small hazel, glabrous, black, coriaceous, valves
white inside. Seeds rather large, convex on the back.—
J.D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower with petals removed; 2, portion of mouth of staminal tubes
with anthers and processes ; 3, stigma; 4, ovary ; 5, transverse section of ditto :—
all enlarged. :
Ww Fitch del av Lath. Vincent Brooks Day % Son up
Tas. 6268.
MASDEVALLIA rrtarisreia.
Native of Costa Rica.
Nat. Ord. OrcnipE&.—Tribe PLevRoTHALLIDER,
Genus Maspevatuia, Ruiz et Pav. (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 192).
MaspEvaLui triaristella ; parvula, dense cespitosa, foliis cum petiolo perbrevi
1-1}-pollicaribus strictis subulatis teretibus apiculatis antice canaliculatis,
scapis folia excedentibus 1-2-floris capillaribus verruculosis, vaginis parvisre-
motis, sepalo dorsali ovato concavo in caudam flexuosam lamina triplo longiore
producto, lateralibus in laminam navicularem lineari-oblongam apice emar-
ginatam utrinque ultra medium cauda flexuosa instructam connatis, petalis
oblongo-linearibus apice obtuse 3-dentatis, labello lingueformi basi profonde
2-lobo, columna clavata.
M. triaristellata, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron, (1876), p. 226 et 559 (Ie. aylog.)
Dr. Reichenbach well remarks of this singular little plant,
that it constitutes (with another unnamed one in his herbarium)
an entirely new section of Masdevallia, to be called Triari-
stelle, and which he tells me forms a curious approach to
Restrepia. Of the latter genus two species have been figured
in this work ; R. Lansbergii, tab. 5257, and R. elegans, t. 5966 ;
a comparison of them with M. ¢triaristella clearly shows the
relationship indicated by Dr. Reichenbach ; still the different
form of the petals and club-shaped tails of Restrepia abund-
antly separates the two genera.
Masdevallia triaristella was discovered in Costa Rica by:
Endres, and flowered by Messrs. Veitch, who forwarded the
specimen for figuring in this work in September last. =|
Drscr. Dwarf, densely tufted. Leaves erect, 1 to 14 inch
long, slender, subulate and narrowed to both ends, cylindric,
channelled down the face; petiolar portion very short,
Sheathed. Scapes 1-2-flowered, very slender and rigid, al-
most capillary, rough with minute warts, bearing two or more
distant short appressed sheathes which are truncate at the
mouth. Flowers nearly an inch long, red-brown with yellow
tails and the sepals suffused with yellow towards the
base. Ovary very short. Dorsal sepal small, ovate, concave,
suddenly contracted into a flexuous ascending tail about half
an inch long; lateral sepals combined into a linear-oblong
boat-shaped straight limb which is notched at the tip, and
bears on each margin beyond the middle a flexuous filiform
tail of about the same length as that of the dorsal sepal.
Petals linear-oblong, erect, obtusely 3-toothed at the tip.
Jip tongue-shaped, recurved and with recurved margins,
deeply 2-lobed at the base, grooved down the centre. Column
club-shaped.—J. D. H. :
_Fig. 1, Leaf; 2, transverse section of do.; 3, top of scape and flower ; 4, lateral —
view of flower; 5, do. with sepals removed :—all enlarged. :
| WAtch del et Lith,
Tas. 6269.
MUSCARI ZSTIVALE.
Native country unknown.
Nat. Ord. Luz1acka.—Tribe. HyActntTHLA:.
Genus Muscat, Tourn. (Baker in Journ, Linn, Soc. vol. xi, p. 411)
Moscari (Moscharia) estivale; bulbo ovoideo tunicato, foliis 5-6 anguste
linearibus viridibus pedalibus facie profunde canaliculatis, scapo semipedali
maculato, racemo subspicato 30- 40-floro superne denso, floribus inferiori-
bus luteis, superioribus purpurascentibus, bracteis minutis linearibus, peri-
anthio oblongo infra oram angustam 6-umbonato dentibus minutis patulis
deltoideis, staminibus biseriatis antheris purpureis, stylo cylindrico ovario
oblongo breviore.
This is anear neighbour of that old and well-known garden
favourite, the Musk Hyacinth, Muscari_moschatum, of which
the typical form is figured, Bot. Mag. tab. 734, anda yellow
flowered variety, the VW. macrocarpum of Sweet, at tab.
1565. Besides its botanical characters, our present plant
differs from moschatum by its faint scent and much later time
of flowering. It came from the rich bulb collection of H. J;
Elwes, Esq., of Miserdine House, Cirencester. The drawing
having been made from specimens that flowered in his
garden at the middle of June, 1875. He procured it from
Messrs, Haage and Schmidt, of Erfurt, and does not know its
exact country, but no doubt, like its allies, it comes from
some part of the rich Oriental region. Another curious form
which he brought to Kew at the same time, I have already
described in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, under the name of
MM. moschatum, var. creticum. ee
Drscr. Bulb ovoid, an inch and a half in diameter,
with brown membranous tunics. Leaves five or six, con-
temporary with the flowers, narrow linear, about a foot
long, one sixth to one fourth inch broad, bright green,
fleshy glabrous, deeply channelled down the face. Scape
firm, terete, half a foot long, erect, mottled with purple.
Raceme subspicate, the upper flowers being quite sessile,
and only the lower ones furnished with very short pedicels
three to four inches long, 30-40 flowered, the lower flowers
yellow with green ribs, the upper ones tinged with purple;
bracts minute, linear. Perianth oblong, one fifth to one
fourth in. long, furnished with six prominences below the
very narrow throat, from which the six minute deltoid
Segments are recurved. Stamens biseriate, the three lower
inserted about the middle of the tube; filaments short,
incurved; anthers roundish, lilac-purple. Pistil about
half as long as the perianth. Style shorter than the ob-
long ovary ; stigma capitate.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Perianth complete ; fig. 2, vertical section of the same :—both enlarged.
np
7 a
SDeank eg z
t Brooks Vay Soo
Vimcen
a
Ww Fitch del et] ih
Tas. 6270,
MONARDELLA macrantua.
Native of California.
Nat. Ord, Lasrara.—Tribe SaturEInex.
Genus Monarvetia, Benth. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1185).
MonaRDELLA macrantha; perennis, pubescens y. puberula, rhizomate repen-
te, caulibus depressis procumbentibus vy. ascendentibus, foliis ovatis obtusis
integerrimis, floribus capitatis, bracteis ovatis obtusis viridibus, calyce
elongato-oblongo, dentibus ovatis acutis, corolle coccinee tubo longe exserto,
lobis lineari-oblongis subacutis, antherarum loculis brevibus divaricatis.
M. macrantha, 4. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Se. vol. xi. p. 100, (Jan.
1876) et in Botany of California, 593.
A very beautiful, highly aromatic Californian plant,
described by Asa Gray very recently, and apparently local,
as he gives but three localities for it, namely, the Cuiamaca
Mountains, near Julian city, and north-east of San
Diego. Our cultivated specimens differ from Gray’s descrip-
tion in the close heads of flowers, in the corolla not reaching
an inch and a half in length, and in its brighter colour, being
more scarlet than orange-red. It was raised by Messrs.
Veitch from Californian seeds, and flowered in October of
the present year.
The genus Monardella is confined to temperate N.W.
America, and is the largest of the order Ladiate im that
region, numbering eleven species, and representing in a degree
the Origanums (Marjorams) of the old world. The rarity of
this very large order in temperate N. America is one of the
characteristic features of the flora of that wide region of the
globe, and it is the more anomalous when it is considered that
theclimate of California especially would appear to be peculiarly
adapted to those highly aromatic plants, which abound in the
analogous climates of the old world. The same remark
applies to the natural order Umbellifere, which abound in simi-
lar climates of the old world.
Descr. A low perennial, with creeping rootstock and slender
cylindric tufted stems that are procumbent or ascending, more
or less pubescent or almost glabrate. Leaves small, one half to
three-quarters of an inch long, petioled, ovate, obtuse, quite en-
tire ; petiole shorter than the blade, spreading or recurved ;
bracteal leaves sessile, like the cauline, but more membranous
and pubescent,. green or almost white. lowers ten to
twenty in a close sessile terminal head. Calyz one half of an
inch long, narrowly oblong or rather inflated below, green,
striate, terete, tomentose; teeth 5, short, erect, ovate, acute.
Corolla slender, scarlet; tube three times as long as the
calyx, rather inflated above; lobes oblong-lanceolate, not
one-third the length of the tube. Stamens exserted ;
anthers small, lobes broadly-oblong, divaricate. Ovary
small, on a nearly equal disk; style slender; stigma 2-fid.
he a dd
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same with the corolla laid open; 3, tip of filament and
anther; 4, ovary disk and base of style:—all enlarged.
Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp
Tas. 6271.
KERAMANTHUS KiRKII.
Nat. Ord, Passtrtorem.—Tribe MoprEccE2.
New Genus Kemarantuus, Hook, f.
Flores unisexuales. 7. ¢.Calycis tubus elongato-urceolatus ; lobi 5, breves, erecti,
imbricati. Petala 5, medio tubo calycis inserta, inclusa, parva, filiformi-subu-
lata. Annulus coronalis e cornubus 5-6 fundo calycis inserta, recurva. Sta-
mina 5-6, fundo calycis inserta, filamentis brevibus subulatis basi connatis; an-
there lineari-oblonge, apiculate. Ovarii rudimentum minutum. F7. ? Peri-
anthium et corona maris. Staminodia subulata. Ovarium globosum, stipita-
tum ; stylus brevis, 3-fidus, stigmatibus plumosis; ovula placentis 3 affixa.
Bacea globosa, indehiscens, coriacex, polysperme. Semina compressa, arillo
sacciformi inclusa; testa crustacea, foveolata. Frutex Zanzibaricus herba-
ceus, tomentosus, caulibus e radice magno paucis erectis crassis subsimplicibus
viridibus. Folia alterna, ovato- v. cordato orbiculata subsinuato-dentata, mol-
lia. Stipule subulate. Cirrhi 0. Pedunculi awillares, 1-pauciflori, robusti,
bracteolis paucis subulatis. Flores semipollicares, ereeti, virides, cum pedicello
articulati. Bacce mole pomi parvi.
Keramantuos Airkii. Hook. f.
Male specimens of this very singular plant have been in
cultivation at Kew for some years, whose flowers were so
entirely similar to those of Modecca, whilst it differs so
remarkably in habit from that genus that I have hitherto
hesitated to publish it.
The female flower I know only from a sketch made on the
spot by its discoverer, Dr. Kirk, who has also sketched the
fruit, but without signifying whether it is dehiscent or not;
the former are, like the males, identical with those of Modecca,
but the fruit differs according both to the appearance as re-
presented by Dr. Kirk, and to a description which Dr. Masters
informs me is attached to a very imperfect specimen pre-
served in the Paris Museum, in being baccate. This descrip-
tion is by Boivin, who gathered the plant at Zanzibar, and
says of the fruit that is a globose berry, smooth, indehiscent,
size of an apricot, dry, coriaceous externally, and of a chesnut
colour. Iam informed by Dr. Ascherson that there are also
specimens in the Berlin Herbarium, collected by Hildebrant,
which have been examined by Professor Braun, and referred
to Modecca.
Having regard to the baccate ‘fruit, the remarkable habit,
absence of tendrils, and conspicuous stipules, I am disposed
to regard this as a new genus, and to call it Keramanthus, in
allusion to the pitcher-like form of the calyx.
Keramanthus Kirkii is stated by Dr. Kirk to be very com-
mon at Zanzibar, where it is planted, like the Jatropha
Curcas, to mark the site of graves. It flowers at Kew during
the greater part of the year; our tallest plant is 2 feet high.
Descr. Softly tomentose, with weak spreading hairs,
Stems 3 to 4 feet high, numerous from the root, strict, erect,
as thick as the arm at the base, tapering upwards, cylindric,
green and herbaceous but perennial, simple or sparingly
branched, leaf-scars small remote. eaves towards the top of
the stems, alternate, spreading, petioled, two to four inches in
diameter, orbicular-ovate, obtuse, usually deeply cordate at
the base, obscurely sinuate-toothed, soft, pale bright-green ;
nerves very prominent beneath ; petiole shorter than the blade,
peltately attached. Stipules lateral, subulate, entire or lacerate.
Flowers in axillary 2-3-flowered erect peduncles, which are
shorter than the petiole; pedicels one half to two inches
long, erect, jointed below the-perianth, with 1-2 subulate
bracteoles at the base. Calyx one to one and a half inch
long, oblong-urceolate, green, fleshy, tomentose, rounded at
the base, terete; lobes 5 small, triangular-ovate, tomentose
on the thickened margins. Petals included, inserted half-
way down the calyx-tube, distant, linear-subulate, ciliate
and sometimes cleft in the male flower (glabrous in the fe-
male fl. Kirk). Corona of 5-6 recurved hooked processes at
- the base of the perianth, and placed opposite to the stamens.
Stamens in the male fl. 5 or 6 (reduced to subulate stami-
nodes in the female, Kirk) ; filaments subulate, connate at the
base ; anthers linear-oblong, apiculate. Ovary in the female f1.,
_ globose, stipitate (reduced to a minute ovoid body in the
male). Styles 3, united at the base ; stigmas capitate plumose ;
placentas 3; ovules numerous, horizontal, funicle not very —
long. Fruit one to one and a half inches in diameter, globose,
drooping, indehiscent, coriaceous, many-seeded. Seeds nume-
rous, one-half inch long, oblong, flattened, enclosed in the
sac-like fleshy aril, which is truncate at the summit; testa
scrobiculate—J. D. H.
Fig. 1. Male flower cut vertically :—enlarged. —
INDEX
To Vol. XXXII. of the Turep Szrres, or Vol. CII. of
the Work.
ices
Ft. Pl.
6248 Agave Botterii. 6271 Keramanthus Kirkii.
6225 Ainsliza Walkeri. 6247 Leucothoe Davisie.
6227 Allium anceps. 6263 Libertia paniculata.
6210 Androsace sarmentosa. _ 6250 Lilium Phillipinense.
6218 Anthurium Saundersii. 6251 Lycaste lasioglossa.
6261 Anthurium Bakeri. 6208 Masdevallia ephippium.
6232 Arundo conspicua. 6258 Masdevallia polysticta.
6252 Begonia Dayisii. 6262 Masdevallia ionocharis.
6209 Blandfordia flammea, var. | 6268 Masdevallia triaristella.
princeps. 6236 Milla Leichtlinii.
6244 Bongardia Rauwolfii. 6266 Mirabilis multiflora.
6221 Bouchea pseudogervad. 6270 Monardella macrantha.
6231 Calceolaria tenella. 6233 Monopyle racemosa.
6259 Calliphruria Hartwegiana. 6243 Moricandia sonchifolia.
6241 Coreopsis (Tuckermannia) | 6269 Muscari astivale.
maritima. 6297 Nicotiana tabacum, var.
6239 Cosmibuena obtusifolia, var. fruticosa.
latifolia. 6229 Odontoglossum prenitens.
6285 Cotyledon teretifolia. 6237 Odontoglossum Halli.
6211 Crocus Weldeni. 6265 Odontoglossum leve.
6206 Cucumis sativus, var. Sik- | 6254 Oncidium stramineum.
kimensis. 6256 Oxalis enneaphylla.
6213 Cypella Peruviana. 6214 Pescatoria Dayana, var.
6217. Cypripedium Roezli. rhodacra.
6226 Dendrobium fuscatum. 6240 Pescatoria lamellosa.
6257 Downingia pulchella. 6222 Saccolabium Hendersonia-
6234 Dracena Saposchnikowi. num.
6253 Draceena fruticosa. 6223 Sedum pulchellum.
6245 Duvalia polita. 6216 Senecio (kleinia) chordifolia.
6219 Episcia erythropus. 6255 Serapias papilionaceo-lingua
6246 Eulophia macrostachya. (hybrid).
6264 Fritillaria recurva. 6212 Stapelia olivacea.
6249 Gamolepis euryopoides. 6220 Talinum Arnotil.
6238 Heptapleurum polybotryum. | 6242 Tulipa Hageri.
6228 Hoodia Gordoni. 6267 Turrea obtusifolia.
6224 Hypoestes aristata. 6215 Viburnum dilatatum.
6260 Icacina Mannii. 6230 Vitex Lindeni.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
‘CONTENTS OF No. 384. DECEMBER, 1876.
Tas. 6266. __MIRABILIS MULTIFLORA.
— -6267.—_TURRAA OBTUSIFOLIA.
6268—MASDEVALLIA TRIARISTELLA.
6269.—MUSCARI ASSTIVALE.
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NATAL:
va HISTORY AND DESCRIPTON OF THE COLONY,
INCLUDING ITS
NATURAL FEATURES, PRODUCTIONS, INDUSTRIAL
CONDITION, = PROSPECTS.
HENRY BROOKS,
_ FOR MANY YEARS A RESIDENT If THE COLONY.
EDITED BY
DR. R. J. MANN, F RAS, FERS.
LATE SUPERINTENDENT OF EDUCATION IN THE COLONY.
CONTENTS:
pS wi ‘Avignal Vike. yas
ndigenous V, able Produotios ve
ma, 2S, Early our "
os ‘British Colonisation atid Rule.
ce VIL Social Progress and Prospects.
as ina? FNL Tie eee co
ag ILLUSTRATION Ss.
atisy ce, View on the Palmiet River, near Westville.
cai Opographical Map of the Colony, ne Ee
as Bay fee. Batted, : : bc
Vall on the shoulder of Pietermaritzb ‘Doble Moun.
Diamond Fields on the Vaal River. 5 i .
of the Umgeni from Table ween.
Falls of the Umgeni. oe
f the Umgeni | at Howick.
vill oe Bananas w snd Datepims
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