CURTIS’S
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,
COMPRISING THE
Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kev,
AND
OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN;
WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS;
BY
SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M. ae O.B., K.C.5;,
EESis 0L.8;,: 20.
D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE.
SAA AA RAR
ft) VOL. XXXIX.
OF THE THIRD SERIES.
(Or Vol. CIX. of the Whole Work.)
SRARRAR AR AA RAR A
“Fair pledges of a fruitful tree,
Why do ye fall so fast ?
Your date is not so past,
But you aad go stay here yet aw hile
To'blush and gently smile.”—Hrrricx.
LONDON:
L. REEVE’& CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
ee 1883,
[All rights reserved.|
Mo. Bot. Garden,
Ae
TO
HERR MAX LEICHTLIN,
BADEN BADEN.
My pear Sir,
It gives me great pleasure to offer you the
dedication of a volume of the Borantcat Magazine, in
. _ Tecognition of your eminent services to Horticulture ; and as
_ aslight mark of that esteem which I, in common with the
intelligent gardening world of Europe, entertain for your
knowledge, skill, and enthusiasm, and for the liberality with
which the treasures of your garden are distributed amongst
_ your fellow-Horticulturists.
Believe me, with great regards,
Very sincerely yours,
J. D. HOOKER. —
Royat Garpens, Kew,
December 1st, 1883,
6665.
Vincent’ Brooks Day &Son Imp
MS. del, J.N-Ritch hth
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DORYANTHES Pacmnrr.
Native of Queensland.
Nat. Ord. AmarYLuIpex.—Tribe AGAVER.
Genus Doryantues, Oorr. ; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 739, ined.)
DoryantueEs -Palmeri; foliis perplurimis patentim recurvis 5-6-pedalibus 4-6
poil. latis anguste ensiformi-lanceolatis subplicatis nervis crassis prominulis,
apice in tubum sphacelatum cylindraceum 4-5-poll. abrupte angustatis, caule y.
scapo stricto elato 6-10-pedali foliis parvis erectis lineari-lanceolatis instructo,
inflorescentia thyrsoidea bracteata e spicis perplurimis paucifloris secus rhachim
brevem crassam constante, bracteis coloratis exterioribus vaginantibus oblongis
acutis interioribus lanceolatis concavis floribus brevioribus, perianthii tubo
supra ovarium coloratum. brevissime, segmentis lineari-oblongis obtusis extus
‘coccineis erecto-patentibus, interioribus dorso crasse ‘costatis, filamentis inferne
incrassatis, antheris breviter oblongis. ;
D. Palmeri, W. Hill MSS.; Benth. Fl. Austrat. vol. vi. p. 402; Gard. Chron.
1874, vol. i. p. 181, ewm ic. xylog. f. 44, 45 (icones in Fl. des Serres iterate et
incaute colorate), ef-I881, vol. i. p. 408, f. 64; Regel Gartenfl. 1874.
When, in the very commencement of ‘this century, the
prototype of the genus Doryanthes (D. excélsa, Plate 1685)
flowered for the first time in Europe, it was regarded as
one of the wonders of the vegetable kingdom; and all the
more so from the singular fact that the above-mentioned
flowering was that of a solitary flower “which came to per-
fection at Kew from a portion of stem without roots, which
had been cut many months before in New Holland.” This
fact, overlooked by some of the later historians of the
genus, is recorded by its founder, Dr. Correa de Serra, in
the sixth volume of the Linnaan Society’s ‘Transactions,
where the genus is well figured and described in a paper
read December 2nd, 1800. Though very rarely flowering
im this country, D. ewcelsa-has continued in cultivation in
establishments provided with space enough for so gigantic
an amaryllid, along with its allies, the Fourcroyas and
JANUARY Ist, 1883.
Agaves ; but it was not till seventy years after its dis-
covery that the present even more gigantic species was
made known by Mr. Hill, Government Botanist of Queens-
land, who found it on elevated rocks between Moreton
Bay and Darling Downs. From the specimens then
brought, which flowered in the Queensland Botanical
Gardens in 1870, and were exhibited at the Intercolonial
Exhibition in Sydney, together with a drawing made by
Miss Scott, the description of D. Palmeri by Mr. Bentham,
in the “ Flora Australiensis,” was taken. This description,
though accurate, is necessarily incomplete; it takes no
notice of the ribbing of the leaf, nor of their singular
tubular brown tips, the latter a character common to both
species, though exaggerated in this; nor of the fact that
the ovules and seeds, though inserted in two series, are SO
superposed as to form one row in each cell; in which
respect the genus differs from all others of the tribe Agavew
to which it belongs, and of which tribe it is the sole extra
American representative.
Though, as above stated, Doryanthes Palmeri was not
known as a distinct species till 1870, it must have been
discovered a considerable time before that date, for the
plant which is here figured has been in the Royal Gardens
for upwards of sixteen years, under the name of D. excelsa.
As a species D. Palmeri differs from D. excelsa in its
much larger size, broader, longer, more ribbed leaves,
thyrsoid inflorescence, short and coloured bracts, and much
shorter not recurved perianth-segments, which are a pale
red within, and in the short anthers : it commenced flowering
in the Succulent House at Kew in 1881, and was trans-
ferred thence to the South Octagon of the Temperate House,
where it commenced to open its flowers in March, and
continued in beauty for two months, finally ripening its
seeds in October.
The name Palmeri records the services to Horticulture
of A. H. Palmer, Esq., formerly Colonial Secretary of
Queensland.
Duscr. Roots fibrous.
and recurved, ensiform, si
six inches broad, slightly
six inches long. Stem
Leaves very numerous, spreading
x to eight feet long and four to
ribbed, tip brown tubular, four to
or scape eight to ten feet high,
clothed with lanceolate short erect bracts. Inflorescence
three feet long, thyrsoid, compact, of many short few-
flowered spikes surrounded by red-brown oblong acute
bracts, the inner of which are shorter than the perianth.
Flowers scarlet, from the tubular ovary, which is one and
a half inch long, to the tips of the segments, which are
erecto-patent, narrowly oblong, obtuse, and two inches
long. Stamens shorter than the perianth-segments, fila-
ments gradually narrowed upwards; anthers half an inch
long, yellow in bud, then purple. Style deeply grooved,
base conical ; stigmas very minute, radiating —J. D. H.
Fig. 1, End of leaf; 2, portion of inflorescence :—both of natural size ; 3, reduced
figure of whole plant; 4, outer, and 5, inner perianth-segments ; 6, top of ovary
and style; 7, top of style and stigma :—all enlarged.
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NEMASTYLIS ACUTA,
Native of the South-Western United States.
Nat. Ord. In1pEa.—Tribe SISYRINCHIER.
Genus Nemastyuis, Wuttall; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 696, ined.)
Nemastyuis acuta; bulbo ovoideo tunicis pluribus membranaceis brunneis, foliis
basalibus 2-3 elongatis linearibus Plicatis glabris, caule gracili furcato, ramis
2~4 apice floriferis basi folio reducto bracteatis, spathez biflore valvis 2 lanceo-
latis r'gidulis striatis apice membranaceis, pedicellis spatha zequilongis, ovario
turbinato, limbi segmentis oblongis ceruleis patulis, staminum filamentis
brevissimis, antheris erectis linearibus luteis post anthesin revolutis, styli ramis
subulato-cylindricis inter antheras patulis apice stigmatosis.
N. acuta, Herbert in Bot. Mag. sub t. 3779; Engelm. et A. Gray Pl. Lindheim.
parti. p.27; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xvi. p.103; Van Houtte Flore
des Serres, t. 2171.
N. geminiflora, Nuttall in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. vol. v. p. 157.
Ixta acuta, Barton Fl. North. Amer. vol. i. p. 76.
Of this curious and little-known genus of bulbous
Tridacess there are three closely-allied species in the
Southern United States. It is remarkable for having its
Style divided down to the base into six branches, which
spread two together between each of the three anthers at a
right angle from their base, and are stigmatose only on the
slender tip. The flowers are a bright azure-blue, and are
very fugitive. In the present species they are, so far as I
have seen, always two in a cluster, one appearing after the
other has faded ; but in its close ally, NV. celestina, they are
usually solitary. It has been introduced several times into
European gardens of late years. We had it from Mr.
Chas. Green in 1874, from Mr. Wm. Bull in 1875, and it
was figured in the “Flore des Serres” in 1875, from speci-
mens sent by Max Leichtlin of Baden Baden. Our drawing
was made from plants that flowered at Kew in the summer
JANUARY Ist, 1883.
of 1882, which came from the collection of the late G. C.
Joad, Esq., of Wimbledon.
Descr. Bulb ovoid, about an inch in diameter, with many
dark-brown membranous tunics. Basal leaves two or three,
not distichous, sheathing the stem at the base, then pro-
duced into a linear plicate glabrous lamina half a foot or a
foot long, of moderately firm texture. Stem slender, terete,
a foot or more long, with two, three, or four ascending
branches, each ending in a spathe and bracteated at the
base by a reduced leaf. Spathe of two lanceolate valves
above an inch long, green and moderately firm in texture,
membranous at the tips. Flowers two in a cluster, with
pedicels as long as the spathe. Ovary small, turbinate ;
perianth-limb slit down to the base into six similar oblong
azure-blue spreading segments about an inch long. Stamens
three, erect, with very short filaments, the bright-yellow
erect linear anthers soon curling up after the flower is
expanded. Branches of the style spreading horizontally,
not more than half as long as the anthers, fruit a small
coriaceous loculicidal capsule, with several subglobose seeds
in each cell.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Stamens and styles ; 2, front view of a stamen ; 3, back view of astamen;
4, style, with its six spreading forks :—all more or less enlarged.
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BABIANA xtncens.
Native of the Cape of Good Hope.
Nat. Ord. In1pEx.—Tribe Ix1nm.
Genus Banrana, Ker; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 706, ined.)
Bastana ringens; bulbo globoso tunicis pluribus membranaceis brunneis, foliis
basalibus 6-8 caulis basin longe amplectentibus linearibus plicatis glabris
rigidulis, caule piloso pedali vel sesquipedali medio rami brevi arcuato florifero
et sub apicem altero abortivo predito, floribus densis secundis spicatis erectis,
spathe valvis 2 magnis lanceolatis rigidulis crebre striatis apice sphacelatis,
perianthii tubo infundibulari viridulo, limbo bilabiato splendide rubro, labio
superiori oblongo integro longe unguiculato, labio inferiori segmentis 5, centra-
libus oblongis unguiculatis, lateralibus minoribus lanceolatis reflexis, genitalibus
' exsertis.
AntTHotyza ringens, Lian. Sp. Plant. vol. i. p. 54; Miller Gard. Dict. edit. 8,
No.1; Thunb. Fl. Capen. edit. Schultz, p- 39, non Andrews.
Banana ringens, Ker in Konig et Sims Ann. vol. i. p. 223; Gen. Irid. p. 152;
Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1006; Herbert in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p- 18; Klatt in
Linnea, vol. xxxii. p. 732; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xvi. p- 166.
This is one of the most curious and striking of all the
Cape bulbs, and it is interesting historically as being one
of the first Cape plants known to botanists. It was intro-
duced by the Dutch in the seventeenth century, and ex-
cellently figured and described by Commelinus in 1697 in
his “Hortus Medicus Amstelodamensis ” (yOL 1... p. sl,
tab. 41) under the name of “Gladiolo zthiopico similis
planta angustifolia, caule .hirsuto, flore rubicundissimo,”
by Gladiolus «wthiopicus what we now call Antholyza
wthiopica being intended. It has never been grown in
England except casually as a curiosity, and whenever intro-
duced appears to have been soon lost. Philip Miller had it
at Chelsea in 1759, Loddiges at Hackney from 1820 to
1825, and in 1838 it ripened its seeds with Dean Herbert
at Spofforth in Yorkshire in the open air, standing out of
doors in a pot of sandy loam, after having been kept during
the winter in a greenhouse. Of late years we have had
JANUARY Ist, 1883,
living specimens sent from Mr. Barr in 1878, and Sir
Chas. Strickland in 1879: Our drawing was made from a
plant that flowered at Kew in the summer of last year,
received from Mr. Harman. Ms
Descr. Bulb globose, about an inch in diameter, with
numerous brown membranous tunics. Leaves six or eight
in a distichous basal rosette, sheathing tightly the lower
part of the stem for several inches, produced above the
sheath into an erect linear plicate glabrous lamina of firm
texture. Stem pilose, a foot or afoot and a half long, with
a short arcuate branch bearing a dense secund spike of
flowers below its middle, and another or sometimes two
near the top, represented only by small bracts. Spathe
about an inch and a half long, clasping tightly the perianth-
tube, composed of two lanceolate valves of firm texture,
the outer one both broader and longer than the inner.
Perianth with a green funnel-shaped tube as long as or a
little longer than the spathe; limb bright crimson, bilabiate,
the upper lip oblong, acute, with a long claw with incurved
edges, the lower lip shorter, with five segments, the three
central ones standing forward, the two side ones small,
lanceolate, reflexed. Stamens and style wrapped round
by the incurved edges of the claw of the upper lip of the
perianth, protruded beyond its tip ; anthers linear, purplish;
stigma with three falcate linear branches. Capsule oblong,
coriaceous, with five or six turgid seeds in each cell,—
J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Front view of anther; 2, back view of anther ; 3, stigmas ; 4, vertical
section of ovary; 5, two ovules :—adl more or less enlarged,
6668.
MS. del J.N-Fitch hth.
Vinrent Brooks Day & Son Imp
LReeve & C2 London
Tas. 6668.
MICROSTYLIS merattica.
Native of Borneo.
Nat. Ord. OxcHipEm.—Tribe EprpeNnpRER.
Genus Microstyuis, Nutt.; (Benth, et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 404, ined.)
Microsty1is metallica; caule brevi folioso, foliis e basi late vaginante sulcato
ellipticis acutis 3-5-nerviis plicatis totis purpureis marginibus crispato-
undulatis, scapo gracili sulcato remotifloro purpureo, bracteis parvis lanceolatis
reflexis, floribus longe pedicellatis, pedicellis horizontalibus ad basin ovarii
breviusculi decurvis, sepalis lineari-oblongis obtusis purpureis marginibus
recurvis, petalis consimilibus sed paullo longioribus angustioribus et acutis,
lubelli ambitu Jate obovato basi sagittato angulis acutis, antice rotundato eroso-
dentato callis 2 minutis column antepositis, columna brevi superne dilatata
truncata.
M. metallica, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, vol. ii. p. 750.
The tendency in the genus Microstylis to assume a deep
purple colour, in the foliage especially, is a curious feature
of many of its species; in the Ceylon M. discolor (Plate
5403), which in foliage closely resembles this, the colour
is confined to the leaf excepting its margin, and to the
Scape ; whilst in the present species it pervades the whole
plant with the exception of the column. The colours,
however, vary in kind and intensity in the same species,
being no doubt much influenced by the amount of light
under which the plant is grown; thus, in the specimens of
this species flowered by Mr. Bull, and described by Dr.
Reichenbach, the leaves are blackish purple above and rose-
coloured beneath, the scape violet, the odd sepal yellow,
and the lateral ones rose-coloured on one side and yellow
on the other. Prof. Reichenbach further remarks that
after being plunged in boiling water and dried the leaves
become green, and I find that in the racemes of flowers
dried without boiling water the pedicels become pale green,
and the perianth more or less yellow green. Microstylis
metallica was communicated by Messrs. Low, of Clapton,
JANUARY Ist, 1883,
in May, 1880, and it flowered in the Royal Gardens in May,
1881.
Desor. A small herb five to seven inches high, for the
most part of a fine vinous purple colour. Pseudo-bulbs
very indistinct in our specimen (‘ cylindric,” Reichb. f.).
Leaves four to six, erecto-patent, two to three inches lon
by one to one and a half broad, elliptic, acute, plicate along
the three to five deeply impressed nerves, margin crisply
undulate; sheath broad, grooved, of the same colour as
the blade. Scape very slender, two to three inches high,
grooved. ftaceme as long, few and distantly flowered.
Bracts small, lanceolate, reflexed, purple. Pedicels one
third of an inch long, slender, horizontal, decurved at the
insertion of the ovary, which is slender, and one-sixth of
an inch long. Flowers vertical, two-thirds of an inch broad
across the sepals. Sepals straight, spreading, linear-oblong,
subacute or obtuse, margins Strongly recurved. Petals
rather longer, much narrower, acute. Inp pale purple,
shorter than the sepals, broadly obovoid in outline, flat,
deeply sagittate, cleft at the base, the angles acute and
sidcs of the cleft straight ; anterior margin rounded, irregu-
larly toothed; calli two, minute, opposite the column.
Column very short, expanded upwards and truncate with
acute angles; anthers nearly cireular.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Front, and 2,
i back view of flower; 3, column 3 4, anther case; 5, pollen :
—all enlarged,
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CEREUS oazspitosus.
Native of New Mexico and Texas.
Nat. Ord. Cactex.—-Tribe Ecu1nocactex.
Genus Cereus, Haworth; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p- 849.)
Crrevs (Echinocereus) cespitosus; caulibus ovoideis v, ovoideo-cylindraceis soli-
tariis v. cespitosis 12-18-costatis, areolis elevatis linearibus approximatis,
Junioribus albo-villosis, aculeis radialibus 20-30 subrecurvis appressis pectinatis
albis nonnunquam roseis superioribus inferioribusque brevioribus lateralibus
longioribus centralibus 0 v. paucis, tubo foris pulvillis 80-100 longe cinereo-
villosis setas apice seu totas fuscas seu nigricantes 6-16 gerentibus stipato,
sepalis interioribus 18-25 oblanceolatis integris sea denticulatis, petalis 30-40
obovato-lanceolatis obtusis acutis seu mucronatis ciliato-denticulatis, stigmate
viridi infundibulari 13-18-partito, bacca viridi ovata perigonio coronata villosa
setosa denum denudata, seminibus obovatis tuberculatis nigris.— Engel.
C. cespitosus, Engelm. in Plant. Lindheim. 202; et in Cact. U.S. Mex. Bound.
Suro, 32, t. 43, 44; Walp. Ann, vol. v. p. 43.
EcurnocrreEvs cespitosus, Eingelm. in Bot. Wisliz. Exped. 26; Walp, Ann.
vol. iii. p. 896.
E. pectinatus, Hort.
Dr. Engelmann, of St. Louis, the learned and most
accurate investigator of the Cacti (as of many other groups
of American plants), says of this species, that it extends
from the Arkansas river to Saltillo, and has been found as
far west as the Nueces and San Pedro, and adds that the
loose darkish wool and slender bristles on the extremely
numerous (eighty to one hundred) pulvilli of the flower-
tube, and especially the position of these pulvillim—not in
the axil, but considerably above it on the sepal, just below
its foliaceous tip,—distinguish this species from the nearly
allied H. pectinatus, and from all other Echinocerei known to
him. And with regard to the name, cespitosus, which
would apply much better to a number of other species of
the section Hehinocereus, it was given before any of these
were known ; it not inaptly represents a common state of
the plant, when it makes five to twelve heads, but not
JANUARY Ist, 1883.
rarely it is almost or quite simple. As a species this is
very near and usually confounded with EH. pectinatus, a
Mexican plant (under which name it came to Kew). #.
pectinatus has more (about twenty-three) ribs, sixteen to
twenty subrecurved prickles, of which two to five are
central, sixty to seventy pulvilli on the tube, and fewer
(sixteen to eighteen) oblong petals.
Dr. Engelmann enumerates three varieties (of H. cespi-
tosus,—a, minor, with shorter more slender not interlaced
spines and smaller flowers; 8, major, with longer stronger
interlaced spines and larger flowers; and y, castanea, with
red or chestnut-brown spines.
This plant was given to the Royal Gardens by Mr.
Croucher, formerly foreman of the propagating department
at Kew, and subsequently gardener to Mr. Peacock at
Hammersmith, and now in the United States of America.
Desor. Stems four to six inches high by three to four in
diameter, simple or clustered, cylindric-ovoid, pale greyish
or whitish with scanty brown wool. Ribs twelve to eighteen,
low, one-half to thr -quarters of an inch broad at the base.
Pulvilli close-set, a quarter of an inch apart or more, with
twenty to thirty pectinately arranged straight spines a
quarter of an inch long or more, mixed with wool; spines
white or rosy, appressed to the stem, the lateral much the
longest, central none or very few and short. Tube of the
flowers with eighty to one hundred pulvilli clothed with long
ashy wool, and bearing six to sixteen brown or blackish
spines. Inner sepals eighteen to twenty-five, oblanceolate,
entire or toothed. Petals thirty to forty, deep rose-coloured,
oblong, acute, obtuse or mucronate. Stigma funnel-shaped,
green, with twelve to eighteen rays. Berry green, ovoid.
Seeds obovate, tubercled, black.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Group of spines; 2, vertical section of calyx and ovary; 3, pulvillus of
tube; 4 and 6, anthers; 6, stigma; 7, ovules :—all enlarged.
6670
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Tas. 6670.
BILLBERGIA PoRTEANA,
Native of Brazil.
Nat. Ord. Bromettacex.—Tribe BRoMELIER.
Genus Bintpereia, Thunb. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 664, ined.)
Bitisereta (Helicodea) Porteana; acaulis, foliis paucis loratis rigide coriaceis
3—4-pedalibus obscure viridibus purpureo tinctis vittis pluribus transversalibus
albidis decoratis, pedunculo farinoso foliis subduplo breviori, bracteis pluribus
lanceolatis magnis patulis splendide rubris, floribus pluribus ebracteatis in
spicam laxam pendulam dispositis, ovario oblongo farinoo multisulcato, calycis
segmentis deltoideis parvis, petalis lanceolatis viridibus basi appendiculatis
post anthesin spiraliter tortis, staminibus purpureis, antheris linearibus basifixis,
stigmatibus spiraliter convolutis.
B. Porteana, Brong.; Beer. Fam. Bromel. p- 115; K. Koch in Wochenschrift
1860, p. 146; EF. Morren in Belg. Hort. vol. xxvi. (1876), p. 9, tab. 1-3.
This is one of the most striking of all the cultivated
Bromeliacew. It belongs to the section of the genus of
which the well-known Billbergia zebrina (figured in the
Borantcan Magazine in 1826 at Tab. 2686, under the
name of Bromelia zebrina, and described by Dean Herbert)
is the typical representative. These plants, which Lemaire
proposed to separate generically under the name Helicodea,
are remarkable for the way in which the petals roll up
spirally from the top when the flower begins to fade. The
present plant was discovered by M. Marius Porte, after
whom it is named, in the province of Bahia, in Brazil, in
1849, and was sent by him to M. Morel, of Paris, after
whom another very fine species of the genus was named.
It was named by M. Adolphe Brongniart, but was first
described fully by Dr. Karl Koch. I have seen in the
herbarium of the latter the specimen from which this
description was made, and a drawing from it is now at
Kew. The plant is now widely spread in cultivation, and
is universally reckoned one of the most desirable Bro-
FEBRUARY Ist, 1883.
meliads for a cultivator to obtain. It flowered with us at
Kew for the first time in the summer of 1878, and again
in June, 1882, when the present drawing was made.
Descr. Acaulescent. Produced leaves five or six in a
rosette, erect, lorate, three or four feet long, two or two
and a half inches broad at the middle, four inches broad at
the base, dull green more or less tinted on the back with
claret-purple and marked with irregular transverse bands
of white, the marginal prickles deltoid cuspidate, ascending,
small and moderately close. Peduncle about two feet long,
terete, densely farinose, with several large lanceolate bright
red spreading bract-leaves. Flowers without any special
bracts, arranged in a lax drooping simple spike six or
eight inches long with a farinose rachis. Ovary oblong,
half an inch long, densely farinose, with several strong
vertical ribs ; segments horny, deltoid, not more than half
as long as the ovary. Petals green, lanceolate, above two
inches long, furnished with a pair of minute scales at the
base, rolling up spirally from the top when the flower
begins to fade. Filaments violet-purple, shorter than the
petals; anthers linear, basifixed, nearly an inch long.
Ovary with numerous ovules in a cell; stigmas protruding
beyond the anthers, twisting up spirally.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, A petal, with its basal appendages ; 2, front view of an anther; 3, back
view of an anther ; 4, pistil, showing a vertical section of th ; 6, an ovule:—
all more or less magnified. : er &
6677.
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Tas. 6671.
POGON ITA GamMInANa.
Native of Northern India.
Nat. Ord. OncH1pEm.—Tribe Nzorrizx.
Genus Pogonta, Juss. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 615, ined.)
Pogonta (Nervilia) Gammieana; glaberrima, folio late rotundato-cordato acumi-
nato multinervio margine obscure undulato supra lete viridi subtus pallido,
juniore plicato inter nervos seriatim sublacunoso, scapo robusto pauci-
vaginato, racemo 6-10-Horo, bracteis linearibus floribus pendulis brevioribus,
sepalis petalisque elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis pallide lilacinis v. carneis,
labello elongato sepalis sequilongo v. longiore albo-virescente lobis lateralibus
parvis inflexis terminali rotundato-ovato reticulatim venoso crispato piloso,
ovario profunde 6-sulcato.
Tubers of this plant were received through the Royal
Botanic Garden of Calcutta under the name of Pogonia
Jlabelliformis, from Mr. Gammie, of the Sikkim Cinchona
Plantations ; it however differs entirely from that plant in
the size, colour, and broad form of the sepals and petals,
and in the length of the lip, which equals or exceeds the
rest of the perianth. I have a flowering specimen of
apparently the same species, collected by myself in hot
valleys below Darjeeling in 1847; and another, also
flowering only, collected in Kumaon, in the Western
Himalaya, at Bagesar, 3500 feet above the sea, by Strachey
and Winterbottom ; and which is the “ Eulophia No. 19”
of their Herbarium.
The genus Pogonia is not a small one in India ; and
there are probably a dozen species in the Himalaya,
Bengal, and the two Peninsulas; but owing to the delicate
nature of their flowers, and to the fact that many of the
Specimens we possess are either flowerless or leafless, it is
impossible to determine them specifically from dried spe-
cimens. They should be drawn and analyzed in a fresh
State, to provide material for accurate comparison and
FEBRUARY Ist, 1883,
description. As a rule, they are very difficult to keep under
cultivation; the beautiful P. discolor, Bl. (Plate 6125) did
not long survive being figured (in 1874).
P. Gammieana bears the name of one who has contri-
buted greatly to our knowledge of Sikkim plants, by a
frequent correspondence with the Royal Gardens of Cal-
cutta and Kew, carried on uninterruptediy for many years.
The specimens here figured flowered in May, 1881, and
perfected their leaves in July of the same year.
Desor. Tuber subglobose, the size of a hazel or walnut,
tuberculate. Leaf solitary, quite glabrous, four to six
inches long and broad, rounded-cordate, acuminate, basal
sinus very deep, margin obscurely undulate; nerves very
numerous, radiating; young plaited between the nerves,
with a row of very shallow broad pits on each fold; deep
green above, pale beneath; petiole cylindric, streaked with
red-brown, with one obtuse sheath at the base. Scape six
to eight inches high, green, stout, with three or four
sheaths, the lowest of which are streaked with red-brown.
feaceme six- to eight-flowered, rachis green ; bracts linear,
slender, membranous, much shorter than the flowers;
pedicels very short; flowers drooping. Ovary turbinate,
deeply six-grooved, brown. Sepals and petals subequal,
three-quarters to one inch long, elliptic lanceolate, acu-
minate, pale lilac streaked with pale pink. Lip pale green,
as long as or rather longer than the sepals, narrow, lateral
lobes small and folded round the sides of the column,
terminal rounded veined with darker green, crumpled,
hairy. Column smooth, semiterete, one-fourth shorter than
the lip. Anther depressed-hemispheric.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Side view of lip and column; 2, ditto : :
4, anther-case; 5, pollen masses :—aii enlarged. seen from above; 3, column;
6672.
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LReeve & C°London
J OMOSTYLIUM cabulicum, Nees in Linnea, vol. xviii. p. 513.
Tas. 6672.
MICROGLOSSA axpesorns.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Compositm.—Tribe AsTEROIDER.
Genus Microetossa; DC.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 282.)
Microetossa albescens ; erecta, suffruticosa, ramis sub-sulcatis, ramulis foliis subtus
et inflorescentia cano-pubescentibus, foliis breviter petiolatis lanceolatis acutis
v. acuminatis integerrimis, capitulis parvis numerosissimis pedunculatis in
paniculas corymbiformes terminales et axillares gracile pedunculatas confertis,
involucro campanulato, bracteis anguste lanceolatis acuminatis exterioribus
brevioribus, floribus radii azureis, -acheniis oblongis angulatis et costatis
pubescentibus pappo rufo paullo brevioribus,
M. albescens, Clarke Comp. Ind. p. 59; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. ii. p. 257.
M. cabulica et M. Griffithii, Clarke 7. e. pp. 57, 58.
Aster cabulicus, Lindl, in Bot. Reg. 1843, Mise. 62; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag.
1847, p. 34; Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. iii. p. 158.
AsTeER ferrugineus, Edgew. in Trans. Linn, Soc. vol. xx. p. 64.
AsTER albescens, Walp. Cat. n. 2974.
AMPHIRAPHIS albescens, DC. Prodr. vol. v. p. 343.
ONYZA conspicua, Wall. Cat. n. 3066.
Though cultivated in England so long ago as 1842, this
very handsome and hardy shrub is very little known in
gardens. It was introduced by Dr. Royle when in charge
of the Saharumpore Botanical Gardens, and flowered first
in those of the Horticultural Society at Chiswick; where,
from the erroneous supposition that the seeds were sent
from Affghanistan, it received the name of Aster cabulicus.
It affords a conspicuous example of the confusion into
which Indian Botany fell during the first half of this
century, for it received no less than nine names, and was
referred to five genera, within a comparatively very short
period after its being first known to botanists. As a
genus Microglossa differs from Aster chiefly in the very
FEBRUARY Ist, 1883.
small heads, short rays, and not compressed achenes; and
from Hrigeron in the single row of ray-flowers. M. albescens
differs from its congeners in having a blue ray. It re-
sembles Aster sikkimensis (Plate 4557) in the stems
forming almost perfect wood the first year, full of leaf-buds
in the late autumn, which die down to the root in most
winters ; but in the present very mild one are persistent up
to this date (January 27th).
Microglossa albescens inhabits the temperate regions of
the whole length of the Himalaya, from Kishtwar to
Sikkim and Bhotan; ascending to 9000 feet in the west,
and to 12,000 feet in the east; it has been repeatedly
introduced, and flourishes at Kew against a south wall,
flowering in June and July, but not ripening seed.
Desor. An undershrub, two to four feet high ; branches
slender, leaves beneath and inflorescence clothed with
hoary whitish pubescence. Leaves three to five inches
long, shortly petioled, lanceolate, acuminate, quite entire,
nerves inconspicuous, base acute, light. green above.
Heads one-third of an inch in diameter, very numerous, in
copiously branched axillary and terminal corymbiform
peduncles ; branches and peduncles slender. “Involucre
campanulate; inner bracts narrowly lanceolate, acuminate,
outer shorter. Ligules pale blue, quite horizontal, variable
in breadth; disk-flowers prominent, yellow. Achenes
narrow, angled and strongly ribbed, pubescent; rather
shorter than the red pappus—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Head ; 2, receptacle and part of involucre; 3, ray-flower; 4, its style-
arms; 5, corolla of disk-flower ; 6, stamens ; 7, style-arms of disk-flower ; 8, achene
and pappus ; 9, pappus hair :—all enlarged,
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp
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Tas. 6673.
PSE UDODRAC ONTIUM Lacovuru.
Native of Cochin-china.
Nat. Ord. Aroripem®.—Tribe PyrHoniEx.
Genus Pseupopracontium, WN. FE. Br.; (Benth. et Hook. SF. Gen, Pi. vol. iii.
p- 971, ined.)
PsEupopracontium Lacourii; petiolo scapoque gracili pallide griseo-rufescente
olivaceo-fasciato, lamina folii_ trisecta, segmentis sessilibus v. petiolulatis
indivisis v. 2-pluri-partitis, ultimis sessilibus obovato-oblongo- v. elliptico-
lanceolatis acuminatis viridibus albo-maculatis, spatha cymbiformi viridi
apiculata, spadice robusto spathw squilongo, inflorescentia mascula laxiflora
quam fcemineam brevem cylindraceam longiore et latiore, staminibus ad 4,
antheris clavato-rotundatis, ovariis oblique globosis, stigmate subsessili,
appendice crassiuscule stipitato conico obtuso stramineo sinuatim sulcato.
P. Lacourii, V. #. Br. in Trim. Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 194.
AmorrHorHattus Lacourit, Lindl. et André in Illustr. Hortic. vol. xxv. p. 90,
t. 316.
The singular Aroid here figured is a native of Phuquoc
in Cochin-china, and was introduced by M. Linden, of
Brussels, to whom the Royal Gardens of Kew are indebted
for living plants, which flowered in May of last year. It
belongs to the same tribe of the order as the Amorpho-
phalli, of which so many Asiatic species have of late been
brought under cultivation, and was discovered by M.
Contest Lacour, a horticulturist employed by the French
Government in Pondicherry and in Cochin-china. It pro-
bably attains a much larger size with more divided leaves
than are exhibited by the specimen here figured. _
Descr. Petiole and peduncle slender, pale greyish red,
banded with olive green, striate, the former four to six
inches long, the latter twice as long, both surrounded at
the base by loose membranous sheaths. Blade of leaf
three-sect ; the divisions each on petiolules one-half to one
inch long and coloured like the petiole, or the central sessile
and simple, the lateral two-fid or pinnately three- or more-fid;
FEBRUARY lst, 1883.
segments sessile, elliptic- or obovate- or oblong-lanceolate,
four to five inches long by one-half to two inches broad,
pale bright yellow-green with scattered round white spots.
Spathe erect, three inches long, boat-shaped, with an acute
recurved point, margins hardly overlapping at the base,
pale green. Spadix about as long as the spathe, sessile.
Male inflorescence cylindric, lax-flowered, occupying about
half the spadix, broader and much longer than the female,
which consists of a short column of densely packed
obliquely globose ovaries with capitate sessile stigmas.
Stamens about four ; filaments free, suddenly delated into
clavate or very broadly obovate obtuse anthers opening b
small lateral slits. Appendix stoutly stipitate, porn
obtuse, about one inch long, straw-coloured, sinuately
suleate—J, D. H.
Fig. 1, Male flower; 2, 3, 4, and 5, anthers of different forms and in different
positions ; 6, ovary ; 7, vertical section of ditto ; 8, ovule :—ad/ enlarged,
6674.
Tas. 6674,
PLEUROPETALUM COSTARICENSE.
Native of Central America.
Nat. Ord. AMARANTHACEZ.—Tribe CELOSIEZ.
Genus PrevrorgTaLum, Hook. f.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 157.)
PLEUROPETALUM costaricense; glaberrimum, erectum, foliis alternis petiolatis
ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis integerrimis v, marginibus subundulatis, paniculis
terminalibus et in axillis supremis ramosis multifloris, floribus parvis confertis
breviter pedicellatis bracteatis et 2-bracteolatis, perianthii rubri segmentis 5
ellipticis concavis obtusis, staminibus 5-8 filamentis perianthio subequilongis
antheris parvis, ovario ovoideo-globoso, stigmatibus 3 breviter linearibus
obtusis, baccis pisiformibus globosis rubris polyspermis.
P. costaricense, H. Wendl. MSS.; Hemsil. in Biol. Centr. Amer. vol. iii. p. 12
(? excl, Syn.).
A very handsome half-shrubby plant when in fruit, well
adapted for pot-culture in a moderately warm house, where
it retains its brilliant berries for several months. It is a
native of Central America and Mexico, and if, as explained
below, it is the same with Melanocarpum Sprucei, its area
of distribution extends to Equador in South America. It
was sent to Kew by Dr. Wendland, the learned Director of
the Imperial Botanical Garden of Herrenhausen, Hanover,
under the abovename. The specimen here figured flowers
in the Palm House of the Royal Gardens in the autumn
months, and ripens its fruit in winter.
The genus to which this plant belongs is somewhat
doubtful. Plewropetalum was founded by me in 1846, on a
single very imperfect specimen of a shrub brought by the
late Mr. Darwin from the Galapago Islands, and published
in the * London Journal of Botany” (vol. v. p. 108, t. 2),
and in the Linnean Transactions (vol. xx. p. 221); it had
eight stamens, with the filaments united below the middle
into a membranous cup, and four stigmata. Regarding
the bracteoles (which are connate) as sepals, and the
FEBRUARY Ist, 1883,
perianth-segments as petals, I referred it to Portulacee,
and named it (after the many ribs on the dried petals)
Pleuropetalum Darwinit. The only known specimen of
this plant is in the Cambridge University Herbarium, and
until better materials should be forthcoming, and especially
fruiting ones, it was thought better, when describing the
Portulacee for the first volume of Bentham’s and my |
**Genera Plantarum,” to retain it, with a mark of doubt, in
that Order. Endlicher, however, in the fourth Supplement
to his “ Genera Plantarum” (p. 44), had rightly referred it
to Amaranthacew, in which he was followed by Moquin
Tandon in De Candolle’s Prodromus (vol. xiii. pars 2,
p- 463), who, moreover, changed the generic name to
Allochlamys, on the ground of the perianth-segments not
being corolline. When preparing the Amaranthacee for
the “Genera Plantarum,” I met with an undescribed plant
gathered by Spruce on Chimborazo, which (relying on
Spruce’s description of the fruit) I described as Melano-
carpum Sprucei (vol. iii. p. 24), whose similitude to the
absent and long-forgotten Plewropetaluwm I did not recog-
nize, and which differs from that genus in having usually five
nearly free stamens, and two to three stigmas. This,
which is also found in Mexico, Mr. Hemsly, in the “ Bio-
logia Centrali-americana,”’ has regarded as conspecific with
the Plewropetalum costaricense, and probably rightly ; but
it remains to be seen whether both may not be referable
specifically to P. Darwinii, for which better Specimens of
the Galapagos plant are necessary.
Dzscr. A small shrub, quite glabrous; branches smooth,
terete, green. Leaves petioled, alternate, four to five
inches long, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, with the tip
often drawn out, margin even or obscurely undulate, dark
green above, paler beneath, nerves many oblique; petiole
one-half to one inch long. Flowers small, very numerous
in terminal and axillary subcorymbose much-branched
panicles, shortly pedicelled, bracteate and two-bracteolate ;
bracts small, at the base of the pedicel; bracteoles minute,
ovate, obtuse, connate at the base. Perianth a quarter of
an inch in diameter, green at length scarlet ; segments five,
elllptic-oblong, obtuse, concave, spreading, strongly many-
ribbed when dry. Stamens five to eight, hypogynous,
filaments subulate, united at the base ; anthers gmall,
included, didymous. Ovary ovoid, with three to four linear
obtuse short spreading stigmas; ovules very many, at the
bottom of the cell. Berries size of a pea, globose, blood
red, shiny, tipped with the stigmas and seated on the
persistent perianth. Seeds very numerous, black.—J.D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower; 2, ovary; 3, vertical section of fruit and perianth; 4, young
seed :—all enlarged.
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Tas. 6675.
CARAGUATA. mosalca.
Native of New Granada.
Nat. Ord. BRomELIACEZ.—Tribe TILLANDSIER.
Genus Caraguata, Lindl, ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 668, ined.)
Caracuata (Massangea) musaica; acaulis, foliis 12-20 loratis integris cuspidatis
utrinque fasciis copiosis vermiformibus transversalibus preditis, facie pallide
viridibus fasciis saturate viridibus, dorso purpureo-viridibus fasciis purpuras-
centibus, pedunculo splendide rubro bracteis multis parvis deltoideis scariosis
concoloribus predito, floribus in capitulum globosum aggregatis, bracteis
magnis deltoideis splendide rubris, sepalis lanceolatis eartilagineis glabris luteo
tinctis, corolla albida calyce breviore segmentis oblongis tubo zxquilongis,
staminibus inclusis ad tubi faucem insertis uniseriatis, ovario ovoideo stylo
elongato.
C. musaica, André in Ill. Hort. vol. xxiv. (1877), p. 27, t. 268.
Massanaea musaica, HE. Morren. in Belg. Hort. vol. xxvii. (1877), p. 199, t. 8, 9
Tintanpsta musaica, Hort. Linden. ; J. Moore in Florist (1875), p. 15, cum
icone.
Varese musaica, Cogn. et Marchand in Dallier Plantes feuill. ornam. vol. ii.
t. 39. ;
Bin.erGia musaica, Rege! in Gartenfl. (1874), p. 378, cum icone.
This fine Bromeliad is now widely spread in cultivation,
and at once attracts attention by the remarkable marking
of its leaves. It was sent in 1871 to Linden, by Gustave
Wallis, from a wood, at an altitude of 3000 feet above
sea-level, near T'eorama, in the neighbourhood of Ocana,
in New Granada, and was received in the same year direct
by Mr. Wm. Bull. It was first exhibited by Mr. Bull in
flower to the Royal Horticultural Society in April, 1875.
Professor Morren, who gives a full and excellent account
of its history and characters in the volume of the Belgique
Horticole above cited, has founded upon it his genus
Massangea, which principally differs from Caraguata, as
represented by the well-known C. ligulata of Lindley, and
CO. Zahnii, by the corolla being much smaller than the calyx.
MARCH lst, 1883,
Our drawing was made from a specimen that flowered at
Kew in October, 1882.
Descr. Acaulescent. Leaves lorate, twelve to twenty in
a rosette, rather cartilaginous in texture, obtuse with a
deltoid cusp, one and a half or two feet long, two or three
inches broad at the middle, marked with copious slender
transverse wavy vermiform lines on both surfaces, those of
the face dark green on a pale green groundwork, those of
the back bright purple on a purplish-green glossy ground.
Pedunele central, a foot long, bright scarlet down the base,
furnished with numerous small scariose deltoid bract-leaves
of the same colour. lowers about twenty, aggregated
into a globose capitulum, each subtended by a large bright
red deltoid bract. Calyz of three, lanceolate, cartilaginous,
sepals above an inch long, glabrous, free to the base,
tinged yellow. Corolla white, much shorter than the calyx,
with an oblong tube and three oblong segments. Stamens
inserted in a single row at the throat of the corolla-tube ;
filaments very short; anthers linear. Ovary ovoid; style
elongated ; stigmas three, oblong, not spirally twisted.—
J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Calyx cut open so as to show the corolla; 2, corolla cut open so as toshow
the stamens and pistil; 3, a stamen, viewed from the back; 4, summit of the style,
with the three stigmas; 5, horizontal section of ovary :—all more or less enlarged.
6676.
Day &
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Tan. 6676.
EUCHARIS Sanperu.
Native of New Granada.
Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEH.—Tribe AMARYLLER.
Genus Evcnaris, Planch. ; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Pl, vol. ii. p. 731, ined.)
Evcnaris Sanderii; bulbo ovoideo, fuliis petivlatis cordato-ovatis cuspidatis,
magnis membranaceis viridibus, venis primariis 6-10-jugis venulis transversa-
libus crebris conspicuis, scapo tereti subpedali, umbellis 2-3-floris, spathz
valvis lanceolatis acuminatis .viridibus, pedicellis brevissimis, ovario oblongo-
trigono, ovulis in loculo pluribus horizontalibus, perianthii tubo curvato sursum
late infundibulari deorsum cylindrico, segmentis late ovatis niveis, corona ad
tubi apicem adnata striis luteis ornata margine libero angustissimo, filamentorum
parte libero lineari incurvato, antheris linearibus, stylo ex tubo exserto apice
stigmatoso incrassato trilobato.
This new Hucharis will, no doubt, be a very popular
plant. It has completely the habit and foliage.of the well-
known LHucharis grandiflora, but the corona is almost
entirely adnate to the dilated upper portion of the perianth-
tube, leaving only a narrow collar-like free border, upon
which the distinct portion of the filaments is inserted. It
comes from the same country as H. grandiflora and candida,
and requires similar treatment. It was introduced by
Messrs. J. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, after whom it is
named, in March, 1882. The bulbs with which they
supplied us flowered at Kew in November and December,
and it was from one of these that the accompanying figure
was drawn.
Descr. Bulbs ovoid, one and a half or two inches in
diameter, with brown tunics and a short distinct neck.
Leaves two to a scape; petiole four or six inches long,
flattened on the face ; blade cordate-ovate, cuspidate, eight
or ten inches long, five or six inches broad, membranous in
texture, quite glabrous, bright green on the face, pale green
MARCH Ist, 1883.
on the back, with six to ten pairs of arcuate primary veins,
connected by close distinct cross-veinlets. Scape terete,
about a foot long. Spathe-valves three or four, lanceolate
acuminate, green, unequal. Flowers two or three in an
umbel, not distinctly scented; pedicels very short; ovary _
oblong-trigonous, half an inch long in the flowering stage,
with about twenty horizontal ovules in each of the three
cells ; perianth-tube curved, two inches long, cylindrical in
the lower part, tinged with green, dilated into a funnel in
the upper third; limb pure white, about two inches in
diameter when expanded; segments ovate, much imbricated.
Corona adnate to the upper portion of the perianth-tube,
except a very narrow free border, furnished with six
primrose-yellow vertical stripes ; free portion of the filaments
incurved, a third of an inch long; anthers linear. Style
protruded from the corolla-tube, thickened and distinctly
three-lobed at the stigmatose apex.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Anther, viewed from the front; 2, anther, viewed from the back ;
3, stigma :—all enlarged.
6677
Vincent Dr
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Reeve
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Tas. 6677.
THUNBERGIA Kirgu.
Native of East Tropical Africa.
Nat. Ord. AcANTHACER.—Tribe THUNBFRGIEZR,
Genus TounBERGtIa, Linn. f.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1072.)
THunBERGIA Kirkii ; erecta, gracilis, glaberrima, foliis breviter petiolatis lanceo-
latis v. trapezoideo-lanceolatis subacutis apiculatis 3-nerviis integerrimis v.
utrinque obtuse sinuato-unidentatis 3-nerviis, cymis axillaribus 2-floris, brac-
teolis oblongis subacutis tubo corollz paullo longioribus, calyce annulari
irregulariter dentato, corollz coerulee tubo brevi, fauce campanulato longiore,
limbi lobis brevibus late obovatis retusis.
Tropical Africa is rich in species of Thunbergia, including
plants referred to Meyenia (now reduced to a section of the
genus), especially of the erect forms, to which belong the
T. natalensis (Plate 5082), Meyenia Vogeliana (Plate 5389),
unfortunately lost to our gardens, and M. erecta (Plate 5013).
These all differ from the Indian species in never climbing,
but, as with 7. Kirkii, forming bushes with rigid stems
and branches; they further differ from such types as 7.
alala (Plate 2591) in the corolla-lobes being comparatively
(to the tube and throat) smaller, and not so flat and hori-
zontally patent. Amongst other superb species yet to be
introduced into our gardens from Africa as especially
handsome are the above-mentioned 7’. Vogeliana, Benth.,
from Fernando Po, which forms a shrub 20 feet high,
bearing a profusion of violet-coloured flowers two inches
long; 1. lancifolia, T. Anders., of Angola, with deep blue
flowers as much in diameter.
Thunbergia Kirkii is most nearly allied to T. erecta
(Plate 5013), in which there is the same tendency to a
rhomboid form of leaf, but which has a much larger and
deeper coloured flower, a calyx of many equal subulate
teeth, and which is a native of the opposite (western)
MARCH Ist, 1883.
African coast, whereas 7. Kirkii has been found only at
Mombasa, N. of Zanzibar, in latitude 4° 8., where it was
discovered by the Rev. Mr. Wakefield, who communicated
specimens to Col. Grant in 1876, without flower, however.
The specimen here figured was from a plant received from
Sir John Kirk, K.C.M.G., which flowered in the Royal
Gardens in September, 1882.
Desor. A small shrub two to three feet high, with
slender rigid divaricating acutely four-angled stem and
branches. eaves one and a half to three inches long by
half to three-quarters of an inch broad, very shortly
petioled, lanceolate, subacute or obtuse, apiculate with the
excurrent midrib, quite entire or with each side dilated
into an obtuse lobe, giving a rhomboid form, three-nerved,
rigid, dark green above, paler beneath. lowers in two-
flowered short cymes; peduncle and pedicels short, stiff.
Bracteoles one-third of an inch long, oblong, subacute,
green. Calyx a very short irregularly obtusely toothed
cup. Corolla one and a quarter inches long; tube short,
slender, one-third the length of the campanulate limb;
lobes spreading, but not horizontally, broadly obovate,
retuse, violet-blue. Stamens at the top of the tube, slightly
hairy at the very bases of the filaments, or on the corolla
below their insertion; anthers acute. Ovary glabrous,
stigma shortly two-lipped.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Portion of corolla and stamens; 2, calyx ani ovary; 3, stigma :—all
enlarged.
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FRAXINUS Magziesii.
Native of North China.
Nat. Ord. OLEaAcER.—Tribe Frax1IneEx.
Genus Fraxrinvs, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 676.)
Fraxinvs (Ornus) Mariesii ; petiolis paniculisque tenuissime puberulis, foliolis
. 2-jugis lateralibus subsessilibns ovatis obovatis oblongisve acutis obtusis v.
acuminatis integerrimis v. supra medium serratis utrinque glabris, terminali
petiolulato obovato v. oblanceolato, paniculis confertis foliis subzquilongis
ramis gracillimis strictis erecto-patentibus, fl. ¢ calyce minuto, corolla lineari-
oblonga v. oblanceolata obtusa v. subacuta, staminibus petalis zequilongis.
The subject of this Plate is a small tree which is likely
to become a favourite in our parks and ornamental grounds,
from its profusion of white flowers, in which respect it
rivals its near ally the Manna Ash of 8. Europe, a tree
much more rarely cultivated than it should be. The sec-
tion of “Flowering Ashes’’ to which it belongs are probably,
with one exception, all hardy, being natives of north
temperate regions all round the globe, except America east
of the Rocky Mountains, and are all beautiful trees. Of
these the best known is the S. European Manna Ash,
mentioned above, which extends along the Mediterranean
region from Spain to Turkey. In North India it is replaced
by the F. floribunda, Wallich, which occurs along the whole
range of the Himalaya. In N. China this again is replaced
by F. Bungeana, A. DC., and in S. China, Hongkong, by
F’. retusa, a species which is probably not hardy; in Japam
by F. Sieboldiana, Blume, and in California by F’, depetala.
The absence of any representation in America east of the
Rocky Mountains, whilst one is present to the west of that
range, is one of the remarkable exceptions to the well-known
fact of the Flora of the Hastern United States being more:
nearly allied to that of N. E. Asia, than is that of the
Western States.
MARCH lst, 1883,
The nearest ally of F. Mariesii is the Chinese fF’. Bungeana,
which differs in the slender long petiolules of the leaflets,
which are also more strongly serrated ; otherwise the species
are, in so far as can be judged from males alone, very alike ;
I have seen no fruits of either.
F. Mariesii is a discovery of Mr. Maries, when travelling
for Messrs. Veitch in China, who sent dried specimens
from the province of Kiu Kiang, together with seeds, from
which the plants were propagated, which afforded the Plate
here produced; they flowered in Mr. Veitch’s nursery at
Coombe Wood in May last.
Descr. A small tree, glabrous in all its parts except the
petioles, rachis of the leaf, and branches of the panicle,
which are covered with a very fine pubescence, hardly
visible to the naked eye, branches rather slender. Leaves
four to six inches long; petiole and rachis very slender;
leaflets two pairs and an odd one, one to three inches long,
sessile or narrowed into an exceedingly short petiole, ovate
obovate or lanceolate, obtuse acute or acuminate, glabrous,
quite entire or serrated beyond the middle, pale green.
Panicles very numerous from the uppermost axils, about as
long as the leaves, strict, erect; branches erecto-patent,
slender, strict. Flowers (3g only seen) shortly pedicelled.
Calyx minute, four-cleft, lobes puberulous. Petals five to
six, one-fourth of an inch long, linear-oblong or oblanceo-
late, obtuse or subacute, white. Stamens two to four,
about as long as the petals, filaments slender; anthers
ovate. emale flowers, fruit not seen.—J. D. H.
Figs. 1 and 2, Flowers with five and six petals respectively; 4 and 5, ba:k and
front views of anthers :—all enlarged.
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COMPARETTIA MACROPLEOTRON.
Native of New Granada.
Nat. Ondi OrcHIDEZ.—Tribe VANDEX.
Genus CompareErtia, Pepp. et Endl.; (Benth, et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii.
p. 558, ined.)
CompParETTIA macroplectron; foliis lineari‘oblongis acutis crasse coriaceis supra
convexis marginibus recurvis subtus pallide ferrugineo-irroratis, racemo
gracile pedunculato pendulo subsexfloro, bracteis parvis, sepalo postico oblongo
acuminato, lateralibus in laminam cymbiformem acuminatam labello suppo-
sitam dorso in calcar unicum longissimum productam connatis, petalis obovatis
acuminatis pallide roseis rubro-punctatis, labello amplo roseo maculis pallide
rubris consperso, ungue brevi utrinque auriculato medio carina elevata acuto,
lamina transverse oblonga breviter 2-fida sinu acuto lobis undulatis.
C. macroplectron, Reichb. f. et Triana in Gard. Chron. 1878, vol. ii. p. 524, e¢
1879, vol. i. p. 398; Williams Orchid Album, t. 65.
_ The genus Comparettia consists of but few species, of
which this is far the handsomest; it inhabits the rich
Orchid districts of the Andes, from Mexico to New Granada,
where the species here figured was discovered by Senor
Triana. Though a much larger flowered plant, it is much
inferior in the colour of the flower to DL. falcata, Poepp.,
figured at Plate 4980 of this work, the vivid hues of the
lip in which are scarcely to be surpassed : it further differs
remarkably from that plant in the great length of the spur.
O. macroplectron was, I believe, first imported into and
flowered in England by Messrs. Low, but the specimen
here figured was sent in 1881 to the Royal Gardens by Mr.
Jeuman, when Superintendent of the Jamaica Botanical.
Gardens in that island, and it flowered in October of last
year. . 7 |
Desor. Pseudobulbs none; base of very short stem
clothed with distichous rigid bases of oldleaves. Leaves two
to three, four to five inches long, by one-half to one and a
MARCH lst, 1883,
quarter inch broad, thickly coriaceous, linear-oblong, acute,
convex above, with a deep central furrow, margins recurved,
green above, beneath pale and faintly streaked with rusty
yellow. Racemes four- to six-flowered, pendulous from a
slender curved peduncle of about the same length ; sheaths
few, small, distant, scarious; bracts one-sixth to one-fourth
of an inch long, membranous or minute and tooth-like.
Flowers distichous, nearly two inches long from the tip of
the dorsal sepal to the end of the lip, pale rose-coloured
speckled with red; pedicel and ovary together nearly an
inch long. Dorsal sepal oblong, acute, pale; two lateral
sepals combined into a white boat-shaped acuminate lamina
under the lip, from the base of the back of which descend
a long nearly straight or curved spur two inches long,
concealed within which again are the two slender spurs of
the lip itself, which extend for more than half its length.
Petals about as long as the dorsal sepal, oblong, acuminate,
brightly speckled with red. Lip very large, shortly clawed,
claw with two small side auricles and a mesial longitudinal
ridge; blade of the lip transversely oblong, narrowed at
the base, cleft at the broad rounded end, the cleft acute,
its lobes short, acute, margins waved; the lip is a deeper
rose-colour than the petals, and has larger and less vivid
spots; the spurs of the lip are very slender, and papillose
towards the tips, which are shortly villous.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Column,
and cl f li - “ ' ceceies
Valdracd: aw of lip, &c.; 2, anther-case; 3 and 4, pollinia :—all
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SAXIFRAGA coRTUSIFOLIA.
Native of Japan.
Nat. Ord. SaxtFraGacex.—Tribe SAXIFRAGEE.
Genus Saxrrraca, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol.i. p. 635.)
Saxirraca (Hydatica) cortusifolia ; estolonifera, paleaceo-pilosa v. glabrata, foliis
omnibus radicalibus crasse petiolatis rotundatis basi cordatis v. subreniformibus
breviter 5-c -lobis crassis setosis denum glabratis, lobis crenatis rotundatis v.
rarius subacutis, vaginis brevibus longe ciliatis, scapo valido, panicula ampla
ramosa ramis elongatis erecto-patentibus, sepalis liberis oblongis obtusis, petalis
totis albis anguste linearibus acutis 1-3 ceteris multoties longioribus, carpellis
ultra medium connatis, stylis continuis elongatis rectis, stigmatibus parvis.
S. cortusifolia, Sieb. e¢ Zucc. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. vol. i. p. 190, Ykumayu-ssai,
Soo Bokf. vol. viii. fol. 12-15 ; Maxim. Mel. Biol. dec. xii. p. 599.
A very near ally of the old “Strawberry Saxifrage,”
8. sarmentosa, L. (Plate 92 of this work), and still more
near S. Fortunei (Plate 5877), which, indeed, Professor
Maximovicz has doubtfully regarded as a variety of it; but
differing from the former in the want of strawberry-like
runners, and form of the leaves; and from the latter in the
much smaller flowers with entire petals. Allare remarkable
for the inequality of the petals, of which one or more exceed
the rest by many times their length; a peculiarity in the
floral development repeated in a plant of widely different
affinity, lately figured in this work, the Chionographis
japonica, Plate 6510. All are natives of South China and
Japan. oe
S. cortusifolia is, probably, a very variable plant, several
forms of it being figured in the Japanese botanical work
quoted as the Soo Bokf., differing greatly in the form and
cutting of the lobes of the leaf. The specimen here figured
was communicated by Messrs. Veitch, who raised it from
Japanese seed sent by their admirable collector, Mr. Maries.
It flowered in October.
Desor. A stout herbaceous perennial, more or less clothed
MakcH Ist, 1883.
with coarse cellular hairs on the leaves and scape below,
and with finer ones on the panicle above. oots without
stolons. Stems none. Leaves on stout petioles, orbicular
with a cordate base or subreniform, two to three inches in
diameter, shallowly five- to many-lobed, the lobes rounded
and obtuse or triangular and acute, crenate or toothed ;
nerves radiating from the petiole, bright green above,
fading to bright red-brown or red; petiole two to three
inches long, sheath half to three-quarters of an inch, ciliate
with long hairs. Scape long or short, stout, bearing a
large open panicle often seven to eight inches long and five
to six broad; branches erecto-patent; bracts ovate, ciliate.
Flowers on slender pedicels, one-third to one-half of an inch
across the smaller petals. Sepals nearly free, oblong,
obtuse, green, about half the length of the smaller petals.
Petals linear, subacute, white, unspotted, the one to
three longer ones one-half to three-quarters of an inch long.
Filaments slender ; anthers bright red-brown. Ovary free;
carpels united to above the middle, ending in straight
suberect styles with small capitate stigmas.—J. D. H.
Figs. 1 and 2, Anthers ; 3, ovary :—all enlarged.
6681.
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AB del INFitaalith
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Tas. 6681.
MEDINILLA -AMABILIS.
Native of Java.
Nat. Ord. MgtastomMacEz.—Tribe MEDINILLEZ.
Genus Mepininia, Gaud.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 759.)
MepinitLa amabilis; glaberrima, ramulis 4-gonis angulis crispato-alatis, foliis
amplis oppositis sessilibus late obovato- v. elliptico-oblongis acutis quintupli-
nerviis marginibus undulatis basi obtusis v. cordatis, nervis crassis, paniculis
maximis terminalibus erectis pyramidatis crasse pedunculatis ramosis multifloris,
pedunculo rachi ramisque (primariis verticillatis) crassis teretibus ultimis roseis,
bracteis 0, floribus crasse pedicellatis amplis roseis, calycis tubo hemispherico
limbo annulari truncato integerrimo v. obscure sinuato, petalis obovato-oblongis,
staminibus 10 antheris pallide violaceis.
M. amabilis, Dyer in Gard. Chron. 1874, parti. p. 372, fig. 81; Bull Retail
List of New, §e., Plants, 1874, p. 13.
Though differing in habit, this is quite as striking a
plant as the M. magnifica (Plate 4533), which it excels in
the size of the flowers, but falls far short of in wanting the
beautiful coloured bracts of that species. It is much more
nearly allied to M. speciosa, Blume (Bot. Mag. Plate 4321),
which differs in the long internodes with smooth margins,
_and in the pendulous panicle of smaller flowers; and to
M. javanensis, Plate 4569, also a small-flowered species
with four-angled internodes and truncate petals. Our
specimen formed an erect shrub, but so many species are
scandent that this may be so in a fully developed condition.
When published by Mr. Dyer the native country of this
species was unknown, and as it could not be matched with
any described species, it might well have been supposed to
have come from some of the little explored islands to the
eastward of the Malayan groups. Now that we are in-
formed by Mr. Bull that it is a native of Java, 1t cannot
but surprise us that so striking a plant should inhabit an
island so well known botanically, and have remained un-
APRIL Ist, 1883.
described so long. No less than eight Javan species are
- enumerated in the Catalogue of the Buitenzorg Garden in
Jaya, and sixteen are described as natives of that island by
Miquel, but I am unable to refer M. amabilis to any of
these.
The specimen figured flowered at the Royal Gardens in
August last ; it was presented by Mr. Bull, who imported
the plant upwards of ten years ago. _
Descr. Quite glabrous, shrubby. Stem and branches
four-angled ;. angles with short crisped or crenately waved _
wings. Leaves very large, a foot long by six to erght
inches broad, sessile, obovate- or elliptic-oblong, acute, ©
often concave, quintuple-nerved, margin wavy, nerves very
stout, texture thick, colour very bright-green ; base cuneate
or cordate. Panicles terminal, erect, peduncled, pyramidal,
much branched, a foot high, by six to nine inches broad;
peduncle as thick as the finger, cylindric, smooth ; branches
horizontal, whorled, and branchlets stout terete pale, the
ultimate ones rosy, bracts none. Flowers shortly peduncled,
rose-coloured, one and a half to two inches in diameter.
Calyz-tube hemispheric, limb a short thin erect ring
obscurely five-lobed or quite truncate. Petals obovate-
oblong, obtuse, concave, thick. Stamens ten; anthers pale
violet, slender, upcurved, connectives bigibbous at the base ;
outta anthers about one-third smaller than the longer.—
Fig. 1, Flower cut vertically; 2 : : i ] d
wignadouie pitebipel cally; 2, calyx; 3 and 4, — ; 5, tip of style an
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Tas. 6682.
HOYA LINEARIS.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. AsciePraDEx.—-Tribe ManspENIEx.
Genus Hoya, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 776.)
Hoya linearis ; plus minusve hirsuta, ramis elongatis gracillimis pendulis flaccidis
simpliciusculis, foliis 14-2-pollicaribus breviter petiolatis angustis teretibus
dorso canaliculatis, umbellis terminalibus subsessilibus laxis multifloris, sepalis
brevibus ovato-lanceolatis hirsutis, corolla alba convexa intus glabra v.
papillosa, lobis brevibus obtusis, coronz processubus stellatim patentibus.
H. linearis, Wall. in Wight Contrib. p. 373 Cat. 8155; Don. Prodr. Fl. Nep.
p- 130; Dene. in DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 637.
Var. sikkimensis ; corollaintus glabra, corona processubus subcylindraceo-ovoideis
obtusis. Hook. f. in Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p. 53 (ined.).
The genus Hoya attains its maximum in transgangetic
India, and there are still many beautiful species to be im-
ported, especially from Assam, Burma, and the Malay
Peninsula and Islands. Westward the genus rapidly
diminishes in number of species, and is confined to the
hotter and damper valleys of the Himalaya. In the most
recent examination of the Indian Hoyas (Flora of British
India, ined.) there are described seventeen species from the
country extending from Burma to Malacca ; thirteen inhabit
the Khasia Mountains and Assam ; ten are found in Sikkim ;
four of the latter in Nepal, and only two of these enter
Kumaon, which is the western as well as northern limit of
the genus; five are known in the mountains of the Deccan
Peninsula, and only two in Ceylon. By far the most
gorgeous species are natives of Borneo and the Moluccas,
from whence the allies and rivals of H. imperialis, namely
H. grandiflora, Blume, H. Ariadne, Dene., A, lutea, Dene.,
are to be obtained. oe
H. linearis was founded by Wight on Wallich’s Nepal
APRIL lst, 1883.
specimens. I have examined these in Wight’s Herbarium,
and find that the corolla is papillose within and its coronal
lobes broader and flatter than in the Sikkim specimens ;
unfortunately, however, these flowers are detached from
the leaves, and may probably belong to another species
(H. lanceolata). On the other hand the form of the coronal
processes is not so constant in some Hoyas, as that species
can safely be founded on it alone; and I have therefore
adopted the course of regarding the Sikkim plant as a
variety of the Nepal one. I need not remind the reader
that Sikkim and Nepal are coterminous provinces, with
almost identical vegetation, and that it is extremely im-
probable, having regard to the distribution of Hoyas, that
a strictly endemic species of it should exist in Nepal alone.
The specimen figured flowered in Messrs. Veitch’s es-
tablishment in October last.
Descr. More or less hirsute with soft spreading hairs.
Stems tufted, pendulous, very slender, flexuous, a foot long
and upwards. Leaves one and a half to two inches long —
by one-eighth to one-sixth of an inch in diameter, shortly
petioled, cylindric, subacute, deeply grooved beneath, dark
green. flowers in a sessile terminal lax umbel ; pedicels
oue to one and a half inch long. Calyzx-lobes small, hirsute,
ovate-lanceolate. Corolla half an inch in diameter, white,
recurved, glabrous within; lobes short, broad, obtuse.
Coronal processes stellately spreading, obtuse, subcylindric,
very pale pink.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, corona viewed from above, and 3, from the side:—all enlarged — a
6683.
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MS. del. JN Fitch Vincent Brooks Day |
LReeve & C® London.
Tan. 6683.
LAGLIA MoNOPHYLIA.
Native of Jamaica.
Nat. Ord. OrncHIDEZ.—Tribe EpIDENDBER.
Genus Lziia, Lindl. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 533, ined.)
LxL1a monophylla; rhizomate repente ramoso, caulibus pluribus gracilibus erectis
1-foliatis infra folium longe vaginatis, folio anguste lineari-oblongo obtusiusculo,
scapo elongato gracili uni-(rarissime bi-)floro vaginis remotis cylindraceis
appressis aucto, perianthio aurantiaco-coccineo 1-14 poll. diametro, sepalis
petalisque patentibus subequalibus oblongis subacutis, labello parvo columnam
amplectente, lobis lateralibus angustis rotundatis terminali brevissimo recurvo
rotundato, disco papilloso, clinandrio dorso crenulato.
L. monophylla, WV. E. Brown in Gard. Chron, vol. xviii. (1882), p. 782.
TRIGONIDIUM monophyllum, Griesb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 629.
OcrapEsMIa monophylla, Benth. in Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 526.
Unlike as this pretty plant is to most of its congeners, I
am unable to find any character by which it should be
removed from the genus to which Mr. N. E. Brown has
referred it; except indeed, as may well be held in many
cases, habit should be made available. This, however, is
allowable only when the characters which habit affords are
trenchant, and not those of a transitional nature, or such
as may be expected to occur in a genus, from certain
tendencies shown amongst its species. Now in the case
of Lelia there are species showing a strong tendency to
the habit of L. monophylla, notably the beautiful L. cunna-
barina, Plate 4302,in which the pseudo-bulbs are suppressed,
and the usually large lip of Lelia is represented by an
organ little larger in proportion to the size of the flower
than is that of L. monophylla. The red colour of the
perianth of L. monophylla, too, so unusual in Lelia, is
represented by one as vivid, though of a much yellower
tint, in L. cinnabarina.
APRIL Ist, 1883.
a
L. monophylla is a native of the mountains of Jamaica,
where it was discovered by the late Dr. Bancroft upwards
of half a century ago, and communicated to Sir W. Hooker.
It has since been collected by Mr. Morris, Director of
Gardens and Plantations, and by Mr. G. Syme, the Super-
intendent of the Botanical Gardens in Jamaica, growing on
trees at elevations of 3000 to 5000 feet above the sea.
Living specimens communicated from those Gardens by
Mr. Morris in 1881 flowered at Kew in October of the
following year.
Desor. Pseudo-bulbs none ; rhizomes forming a branched
matted mass sending up tufts of leafing and flowering stems.
Stem including the flowering scape six to ten inches high,
as thick as a crow-quill, rigid, erect; basal part below the
leaf one to two inches long, clothed with long tubular
appressed sheaths speckled with pink. Leaf solitary,
suberect, sessile, two to three inches long by one-half to
two-thirds of an inch broad, narrowly linear-oblong, obtuse,
coriaceous, midrib strong beneath, deep green above, paler
beneath. Scape much longer than the leaf, slender, with
two or three speckled sheaths one-half to one inch long,
similar to those below the leaf, the uppermost enveloping
the base of the ovary. Flowers suberect, one to two inches
in diameter, vivid orange-scarlet all over, except the
purple anther-cap. Sepals and petals similar, spreading,
oblong, subacute. Lip very small, embracing the column,
lateral lobes very narrow, rounded; terminal minute,
spreading, rounded, papillose on the disk. Colwmn with
the dorsal margin of the clinandrium crenulate.—J. D. H.
_Fig. 1, Column and lip; 2, clinandrium; 3, anther-cap; 4 and 5, front and back
view of pollinea :—ald enlarged.
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Tas. 6684.
HAMAMELIS VIRGINIANA,
Native of the United States.
Nat. Ord. HAMAMELIDER.
Genus Hamametis, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. i. p. 667.)
HaMAMELIs virginiana ; fruticosa v. subarborea, ramulis ultimis petiolis nervisque
foliorum subtus furfuracev-puberulis, foliis ovalis oblongis obovatisve grosse
crenato-dentatis v. serratis obtusiusculis basi cuneatis v. cordatis ineequilatera-
libus, nervis paucis validis, calycis lobis patentibus pallidis, capsula calyce
persistente vix duplo longiore.
H. virginiana, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 124 (1753); Zorr. et Gr. Fl. N. Am. vol. i.
p. 597; G. B. Emerson Trees and Shrubs of Massachusetts, ed. 2, vol. ii.
p. 472, cum ic. pict.
H. virginica, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. xiii. p. 129 (1767); Ait. Hort. Kew. vol. i.
p. 167; Schkuhr Handb, vol. i. p. 88, t. 27; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 598; Barton
Fl. N. Am. vol. iii. p. 21, t. 78; Loudon Arboret. p. 1007, t. 756, 757 ;
DC. Prodr. vol. iv. p. 268; A. Gray Man. Bot, ed. 5, p. 173.
H. dioica et androgyna?P Walter Carolina, p. 255.
Hi. corylifolia, Monch. Meth. p. 273.
H. macrophylla, Pursh, Fl. p. 116.
TRILorus virginiana, nigra, rotundifolia et dentata, Raf. New. Fl. vol. iii.
pp. 15-17. :
This, the common Witch Hazel of the United States,
derives its name from its resemblance to the English hazel
in leaf, a circumstance which led to its use as a divining-
rod in the early days of the American Colonies. It
abounds in moist woods, and especially along the banks of
streams east of the Mississippi from Canada to Louisiana,
sometimes attaining twenty feet in height. Like so many
other Eastern American trees and bushes, it puts on
gorgeous colour at the fall of the leaf, and contributes not
a little to the variegated hues of the forests in autumn.
G. B. Emerson, in his account of the trees and shrubs of
Massachusetts, says of it, “ Amongst the crimson and
yellow hues of the falling leaves there is no more remark-
able obje@é than the Witch Hazel, in the moment of its
APRIL Ist, 1883,
parting with its foliage, putting forth a profusion of gaudy
yellow blossoms, and giving to November the counterfeited
appearance of spring. The union on the same individual
of blossoms, fading leaves, and ripe fruits, not very
common in any climate, led Linnzus to give to an
American plant a Greek name, significant of the fact of
its producing flowers together with the fruit.”—Vol. u.
. 472.
In Plate 6659 of last year’s volume of this work, the
rare H. japonica is figured, and the slight diagnostic
characters which separate it from this are alluded to. Of
these the chief are the more numerous leaf-nerves, broader
revolute brown calyx-lobes, and shorter fruiting calyx of
the Japan plant. 7
The Witch Hazel, though rare enough in modern
gardens, is a very old denizen of England, having been
introduced in 1736. It flowers annually in Kew in winter,
but in very various months.
Descr. A bush or small tree, attaining twenty feet;
branchlets puberulous, bifarious, slender. Leaves very
irregular in form, from rounded obovate to ovate elliptic
or oblong, usually unequally two-lobed at the base, three
to six inches long, sometimes nearly as broad, margin
waved, coarsely toothed or lobulate ; nerves strong, five to
seven pairs, stellately pubescent, at length glabrous ; petiole
rather short; stipules lanceolate. Flowers in small globose
peduncled axillary involucrate heads, polygamous. Caly#
one-quarter of an inch in diameter, with a brown scale-like
bract at its base; tube pubescent, obconic ; lobes broadly
ovate, obtuse, brown externally, pale within, ciliate. Petals
strap-shaped, golden yellow, one-half to two-thirds of an
inch long. Stamens four, alternating with as many
incurved staminodes. Ovary hairy; styles recurved. Cap-
sule ovoid, invested half-way up by the enlarged calyx.—
ag EE 7 specie iin :
Fig. L Flower; 2, petal; 3, stamen and staminodes; 4 and 5, stamens;
6, staminode ; 7, ovary ; _8, vertical section of young carpel ; 9, ripe fruit ; 10, seed ;
11, embryo ; 12, ripe truit of H. japonica ; 13, seed of ditto; 14, embryo of ditto;
—all enlarged. :
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CADIA ELtisrana.
Native of Madagascar.
Nat. Ord. Leguminosx%.—Tribe SopHOREX.
Genus Cap1a, Forsk.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 560.)
Capia Ellisiana; glaberrima, ramis ramulisque gracilibus, foliis impari-pinnatis
foliolis 7-9 elliptico- v. oblongo-lanceolatis breviter petiolulatis obtuse acumi-
natis nitidis, petiolo basi incrassato, tacemis paucifloris breviter pedunculatis,
floribus gracile pedicellatis, calyce campanulato breviter 5-lobo, lobis late ovatis
acutis, petalis spathulato-obovatis calyce duplo longioribus roseis apicibus
dilatatis subtruncatis, leguminibus oblanceolatis falcatis in stipitemi gracilem
longe productis stylo elongato-subulato.
C. Ellisiana, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc, Bot. vol. xx. p. 135.
The genus Cadia is remarkable amongst Leguminose for
its regular flowers, resembling a good deal those of a
Mallow or Sida. Only three species are known, natives of
eastern tropical Africa, southern Arabia, and Madagascar.
C. Ellisiana differs remarkably from its congeners in the
very few and large leaflets; those of the African species, U.
varia, are it twenty to forty pairs and very narrow, whilst
in the other Madagascar species, C. pubescens, they are in
eight to ten pairs and broadly oblong. From a note in the
Hookerian Herbarium it appears that the latter species was
in cultivation in England about half a century ago, in the
once famous garden of Mr. Barclay, of Bury Hill.
C. Ellisiana was discovered in Madagascar by the eminent
missionary, traveller, and author, the Rev: W. Ellis, who
ve dried specimens to the Herbarium of the Royal
ardens in 1870. The specimen here figured was kindly
communicated by Mr. Day, of Tottenham; it flowered as
a small bushy pot plant in December, 1882.
Descr. Apparently a small slender perfectly glabrous
bush, branches woody. Leaves alternate, four to six inches
long, pinnate with an odd leaflet; petiole very short;
swollen at the base; rachis slender, slightly flexuous,
APRIL Ist, 1883.
terete; leaflets distant, alternate, spreading, very shortly
petiolulate, three to four inches long, by one to one and a
half broad, elliptic-oblong or lanceolate, obtusely acuminate,
base acute, rather hard, shining, midrib stout ; nerves very
slender, finely reticulated; stipelle none; stipules minute.
Flowers one and a half inches long, in axillary few-flowered
short and shortly peduncled racemes, nodding or pendulous ;
pedicels one-half to one inch long, very slender. Calyx
campanulate, pale green, terete, shortly five-lobed ; base
acute; lobes broadly ovate, acute, erect. Petals twice as
long as the calyx, obovate-spathulate, convolute, forming a
campanulate corolla, rose-red; tips broad, almost truncate.
Stamens subequal, filaments slender; anthers included,
ellipsoid, yellow. Pod (young) three inches long, oblan-
ceolate, falcate, narrowed into a very slender stalk, tip
suddenly and obliquely contracted into a slender subulate
style.—J. D. H. .
Fig. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, calyx and young pod ; 4, young seed :—all enlarged.
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DADALACAN THUS MACROPHYLLUS,.
Native of Burma.
Nat. Ord. AcanrHacEx.—Tribe RUELLIER.
Genus Dapatacantuvs, 7. Anders.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1082.)
DzxDALACANTHUS macrophyllus ; strictus, erectus, minute pubescens, foliis ellip-
tico-lanceolatis -ovatisve obscure subserrulatis v. integerrimis acuminatis basi
longe productis, spicis paniculatis strictis elongatis continuis v. interruptis,
bracteis laxe imbricatis appressis ovatis obovatisve grosse venosis obtusis
subacutis v. mucronatis integerrimis glanduloso-pubescentibus, calyce minuto
ad medium 5-fido lobis lanceolatis acuminatis, corolle violacee tubo gracillimo
bracteis multo longiore, fauce brevi modice ampliato, lobis oblongis obtusis.
D. macrophyllus, 7. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. ix. p. 487.
Erantuemum macrophyllum, Wall. Cat. 7179; Nees in Wall, Pl. As. Rar
vol. iii. p. 106, e¢ in DC. Prodr. vol. xi. p. 446.
A tall herb, native of the drier forests of the upper part
of the Malay Peninsula, extending northward from Moul-
mein in Tenasserim to Pegu, and eastward into Burma,
flowering in the dry season. It belongs to a class of
Acanthaceous plants that are very suitable for winter
decoration, flowering freely under proper treatment, which
consists very much in careful watering at the time when in
their native country little or no rain falls. Several species
are in cultivation under the names of Hranthemwm_and
Justicia, as D. nervosus, Plate 1358, and D. strictus, Plate
3068. :
D. macrophyllus has been long cultivated at Kew, having
been introduced, no doubt, from the Calcutta Botanical
Garden; it has flowered freely in the Palm House and
elsewhere during the winter months.
Desor. Erect, two to three feet high, sparingly branched,
more or less puberulous with appressed scattered very small
hairs on both surfaces of the leaves, and with spreading
short glandular hairs on the stem branches above bracts
and inflorescence generally. Leaves petioled, lower five to
May Ist, 1883.
nine inches long, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, base of the
blade decurrent on the petiole, margin sometimes obscurely
serrulate or denticulate. Spikes long-peduneled, strict,
erect, three to eight inches long, narrow, glandular-pube-
rulous ; bracts loosely imbricating, one-half to three-fourths
of an inch long, appressed, ovate or obovate, tip rounded
acute or mucronate, green, strongly veined; bracteoles
narrowly lanceolate equalling or rather longer than the
calyx. Calyx minute, about one-tenth of an inch long,
cleft to the middle into five lanceolate erect glandular-
pubescent lobes. Corolla one and a quarter to one and a
half inches long, erect, pale violet-blue; tube very slender,
curved; throat short, moderately inflated; limb reflexed,
about three-quarters of an inch in diameter; lobes oblong,
obtuse, with darker violet veins. Filaments about as long
as the corolla-lobes. Ovary slender, glandular-pubescent,
—J. D, A,
Fig. 1, Bract, bracteoles, and calyx ; 2, portion of corolla and stamens ; 3, stigma ;
4, ovary :—all enlarged,
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GREVILLEA ANNULIFERA.
Native of Western Australia,
Nat. Ord. Prorracem.—Tribe GREVILLEZ.
Genus Grevittes, Br.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii, p. 180.)
GREVILLEA (Cycladenia) annulifera; frutex glaberrimus, foliis pinnatis, segmentis
5-11 remotis divaricatis anguste linearibus rigidis pungentibus marginibus
revolutis subtus 2-sulcatis, racemis laxe multifloris breviter pedunculatis
solitariis paniculatisve, floribus gracile breviter pedicellatis flayis, perianthio
brevi glaberrimo intus basi subvilloso segmentis angustis revolutis apicibus
dilatatis, toro pulvinari, ovario longe stipitato glaberrimo, stylo longissimo,
stigmate disciforme laterali.
G. annulifera, F. Muell. Fragment. vol. iv. p. 85; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. v.
p- 460.
A rigid wiry-leaved shrub, characteristic of the scrubby
vegetation of many parts of Australia. It belongs to a small
section of the large genus Grevillea, which numbers upwards
of one hundred and sixty species (almost without exception
natives of that continent), in which the racemes are usually
panicled and the flowers are not unilateral on the rachis.
Two species only belong to it, the present and G. leucopteris,
with tomentose branches and segments of the leaves four
to ten inches long; both are natives of the Murchison
River, on the west coast of Australia, a subtropical region.
G. annulifera was raised from seed sent by Baron
Mueller in 1880, and flowered in the Royal Gardens in July
of last year.
Descr. A shrub six to eight feet high, everywhere
glabrous or nearly so, and somewhat glaucous ; branches
stiff, terete. Leaves spreading and recurved, three to five
inches long, pinnate; segments an inch long, distant, rigid,
spreading, linear-subulate, pungent, dark green above,
glaucous beneath with a strong midrib; petiole one-half to
one inch long. Racemes three to four inches long, shortly
peduncled, panicled at the end of the branches, subcylindric,
May Ist, 1883.
lax-flowered, rachis pale green. Jlowe7s sulphur-yellow,
shortly pedicelled, arranged all round the rachis. Perianth
very short, one-third of an inch long; limb strongly revo-
lute; lobes minutely puberulous, linear with a dilated ovate
obtuse antheriferous tip; tube villous at the base within.
Torus cushion-shaped. Ovary gibbous, stipitate. Style
upwards of an inch long, curved, very stout, with an oblique
disciform stigma.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, segment of perianth ; 3, top of style and stigma ; 4, torus arid
ovary :—all enlarged.
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SAXIFRAGA LINGULATA var. cochlearis.
Native of the Maritime Alps.
Nat. Ord. SaxtFRAGACEH.—Tribe SaXIFRAGES.
Genus Saxrrraca, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pi. vol. i. p. 635.)
Saxirraca lingulata ; caudicibus ceespitosis crassis foliorum vestigiis vestitis,
ramis brevibus foliosis glabris v. tenuiter glanduliferis, foliis rosulatis lineari-
v. obovato-spathulatis acutis obtusis v. linearibus apicibus rotundatis integerrimis
v. crenulatis calcareo-crustatis, caulinis paucis linearibus, caulibus gracilibus,
floribus corymboso-paniculatis gracile pedicellatis, calycis glabri lobis ovatis v.
oblongis obtusis marginibus membranaceo-ciliolatis, petalis obovatis albis
sepalis multoties longioribus.
Var. cochlearis ; minor, rubro- v. purpureo-glandulosa, panicula thyrsoidea, foliis
basilaribus linearibus apice in laminam rotundatam v. late spathulatam
dilatatis.
S. lingulata var. cochlearis, Engler Monog. Gatt. Sazxifrag. p. 237.
S. cochlearis, Reichb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. p. 559 ; Bertol. Fl. Ital. vol. iv. p. 456;
Ardoino Fl. Alp. Marit. p. 149.
Sazifraga lingulata is a widely-distributed plant of the
Mediterranean region, varying much and assuming con-
siderably different forms in the regions it inhabits. The
Apennines seem to be the centre of its geographical range,
from whence it extends to Sicily in one direction, and
westward along the Maritime Aips to Provence in the
other, The var. cochlearis is a small state of the plant,
confined, as far as is known, to the alpine regions of the
mountains north of Nice and Mentone, from the Col de
Tenda to Mount Mularé. an A
The specimen here figured was communicated by Mr.
Jas. Atkins, of Painswick, who flowered this rare plant
in June of last year, and who communicated two sub-
varieties; a smaller with the leaves only one-half, an inch,
figured on the right-hand side of the Plate; the other, the
eh figure, having leaves three-quarters to one inch
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MAY Ist, 18835.
Drscr. Densely tufted; rootstocks short, much branched,
clothed below with withered remains of old leaves. Leaves
densely rosulate, spreading, one-half to one inch long,
linear with a dilated rounded or spathulate tip, thickly
coriaceous, glaucous blue with cartilaginous margins,
edged with a crust of lime, quite glabrous or the young
slightly hairy. Flowering-stems from the centre of the
rosettes of leaves, five to seven inches high, very slender,
bright red-brown, as are the branches, peduncles, and
pedicels of the thyrsoid or subcorymbose erect open panicle;
bracts and leaves on the flower-stem small, erect, linear,
red-brown. Flowers one-half to three-quarters of an inch
in diameter. Calyx red-brown, tube hemispheric ; lobes
small, ovate, obtuse. Petals spreading, obovate, tip rounded,
pure white. Filaments short; anthers small. Styles short,
recurved.—J. D. HH,
Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, stamen; 3, style; 4, transverse section of
ovary :—all enlarged.
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UTRICULARIA birtpa.
Native of India and China.
Nat. Ord. LENTIBULARINEX.
Genus Urricunarts, Linn; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 987.)
Urricurarra bifida; erecta, dense cespitosa, glaberrima, foliis scapo multo
brevioribus filiformibus obtusis viridibus, surculis repentibus vesiculiferis,
scapis rigidis 2-5-pollicaribus remotifloris, pedicellis brevibus marginatis
fructiferis decurvis, bracteis minutis, floribus breviter pedicellatis aureis, sepalo
superiore late oblongo concavo obtuso, inferiore obovato, corolla labio superiore
parvo rotundato, inferiore brevi 2-lobo, palato magno turgido, calcare 3 poll,
longo lente curvo v. fere recto, sepalis fructiferis late elliptico-ovatis, seminibus
obovoideis testa laxa scrobiculata.
U. bifida, Zinn. Herb. ; A. DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p- 21; Oliv. in Journ, Linn.
Soe. vol. iii. p. 182, Hxel. Syn. U. humilis.
U. biflora, Wall. Cat. 1498, non Roxb.
U. diantha, A. DC. 1. c. p. 21, Excl. Syn.
U. Wallichiana, Benj. in Bot. Zeit. 1845, p. 213, non Wight.
U. brevicaulis, Benj. in Linnea, vol, xx. p. 303.
U. antirrhinoides, Wall. Cat. 1498 6.
A very singular little plant, forming, under cultivation,
mossy matted tufts of leaves in a pot of sodden sandy soil,
above which the wiry rigid stems with yellow flowers,
something like those of a miniature Linaria, rise in profusion.
Besides these conspicuous organs, there issue from near
the base of the leaves slender transparent threads bearing
the characteristic bladders of the Utricularias, which, no
doubt, entrap minute aquatic animals, as do those of our
English floating species of the genus. Like so many other
water-loving plants, it has a very wide range, from Nepal,
Assam, Chittagong (where I gathered 1t in company with
Dr. Thomson in 1850) to Malacca, and it 1s also found in
Ceylon, China, Japan, Borneo, and the Philippine Islands.
It is very nearly allied to another Indian species, Uz
Wallichiana, which differs chiefly in having erect fruiting
pedicels.
MAY Ist, 1883,
Seeds of U. bifida were received from Mr. Ford, Superin-
tendent of the Hongkong Botanical Gardens in 1881, which
germinated freely; and the plants they produced flowered
abundantly in September, 1852. .
Drsor. Forming densely-matted masses of thread-like
rhizomes giving off tufts of leaves and bearing obliquely
orbicular very minute pedicelled bladders; mouth of the
bladders lateral, overhung by two subulate processes
depending from the upper lip. Leaves erect, one to two
inches long, filiform, or slightly thickened upwards, one-
nerved, obtuse, bright green. capes very numerous, two
to five times as long as the leaves, slender, rigid, erect,
simple or very sparingly branched, naked. Flowers distant,
pedicelled, pedicels recurved in fruit. Sepals in flower
small, upper about one-tenth of an inch long, shortly
oblong, obtuse, concave, lower smaller obovate. Corolla
bright yellow with a very large and prominent hemispheric
orange-yellow palate; upper lip reflexed; lower very short,
two-lobed, like two pendulous auricles from the palate ;
Spur one-fourth to one-third of an inch long, stout, nearly
straight, subacute, Fruiting-sepals one-fourth of an inch
long, broadly ovate, acute or obtuse, enclosing the shortly
oblong capsule. Seeds very numerous, obovoid, testa lax
closely fitted.—J. D. H.
Figs. 1, 5, and 6, Bladders: 2 ovary ; 3, stamens; 4, flower; 7, fruiting cal
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SPIRANTHES EUPHLEBIA.
Native of Brazil.
Nat. Ord. OrcuipEx.—-Tribe NEoTTIEZ.
Genus SprrantuEs, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 596.)
SprranTHEs (Stenorhynchus) exphlebia ; caule robusto superne cum inflorescentia
pubescentibus, foliis rosulatis lineari-oblongis subacutis undulatis, vaginis
elongatis acuminatis superioribus bracteiformibus, bracteis elongato-lanceolatis,
racemo brevi densifloro, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis longe acuminatis infra medium
cum ovario in tubum villosum connatis petalisque dimidiato-lanceolatis paullo
brevioribus albis brunneo pulcherrime venosis, labello petalis multo minore,
ungue gracili elongato, lamina lanceolato-panduriformi acuminata.
S. euphlebia, Reichd. f. in Flora, 1883, p. 16.
A singular plant, belonging to a section of the genus
Spiranthes in which the perianth 1s decurrent on the ovary ;
a tendency to which structure may be seen in S. aphylla
(Plate 2797), avd S. speciosa (Plate 1374), and S. orchioides
(Plate 1036); whilst in 8. grandiflora (Plate 2730) it is
carried to as great an extent as in 8. euphlebia.
This plant was received from Messrs. Shuttleworth,
Carden, and Co., who imported it from Brazil with S.
speciosa, and it flowered in the Royal Gardens in November
of last year.
Descr. Stout, erect, twelve to eighteen inches high.
Leaves all radical, five to six inches long, by one and a half
to two inches broad, linear- or obovate-oblong, contracted
into a very short broad petiole, acute, rather fleshy, glabrous,
undulate, pale green with distant white blotches. Scape
light greenish-brown, glabrous below, above pubescent ;
sheaths numerous, erect, dark brown, lower amplexicaul
with lanceolate acuminate tips; upper narrower, Semi-
amplexicaul, lancevlate, passing into the bracts. Raccmes
two to three inches long and nearly as broad. Flowers not
numerous, but crowded, horizontal, very shortly pedicelled ;
bracts nearly as long as the perianth-tube, lanceolate, erect,
May lst, 1883.
dark brown. LPerianth pubescent externally, white with
red-brown veins on the free portions of the sepals and petals.
Sepals united into a tube half an inch long, witha gibbosity
at the base on the anterior face ; free portions spreading,
lanceolate, finely acuminate. Petals inserted at the mouth
of the calycine tube, semi-lanceolate, acuminate, erect;
forming with the posterior sepal an ovate shallow erect
hood. Lip very small, inserted at the very base of the
calyx-tube; claw long, concealed in the tube; limb ver
small, recurved, lanceolate and contracted at the middle on
each side, veined like the sepals and petals.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, éalyx tube, column, and lip (very inaccurately represented) ;
3, column showing the stigma ; 4, anther ; 5 and 6, pollen masses :——all magnitied.
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RODGERSIA PODOPHYLLA.
Native of Japan.
Nat. Ord. SaxtrraGacex.—Tribe SaxIFRAGER.
Genus Roperrsta, 4. Gray; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p- 635.)
Roperrsia podophylla ; rhizomate crasso, caule simplici, foliis radicalibus maximis
longe petiolatis palmatim v. pedatim 5-foliolatis, foliolis cuneato-vel deltoideo-
obovatis acuminatis integris v. 3-fidis argute serratis, stipulis membranaceis
petiolo adnatis, foliis caulinis brevius petiolatis 3-6-sectis, panicula ampla
nuda ramosa, floribus parvis luteo-albis in cymas scorpioideas puberulas
dispositis,
R, podophylla, 4. Gray in Mem. Amer. Acad. Ser. 2, vol. vi. p. 389; Miguel,
Prolus, Fl. Jap. p. 260; Regel Gartenfl. vol. xx.p. 355, t. 708 (R. japonica);
Franch. et Sav. Fl. Jap. vol. i. p. 144. So Mokou, vol. viii. t. 27:
Though so dissimilar in habit, Rodgersia is nearly allied
to Sazifraga, being placed between that genus and Astilbe,
from which latter it differs chiefly in the connate carpels
and the scorpioid inflorescence. On the other hand, in the
stout rhizome and large radical leaves it recalls the noble"
Saxifraga peltata (Plate 6074) of California. The specimen
here figured is a small one; for the leaves attain upwards
of a foot and a half in diameter, and the individual segments
ten inches in length and eight in breadth; whilst the panicle
in dried specimens preserved in the Herbarium at Kew are
ten inches long and broad; under cultivation, no doubt,
larger dimensions will be attained.
The genus Rodgersia was named after Commodore
Rodgers, of the United States N avy, the Commander of
a squadron that explored the shores of Japan. In the
words of the author of the genus, the latter is dedicated to
him “in acknowledgment of the enlightened and generous
interest which he took in the naturalists of his squadron,
and of his constant care to facilitate their explorations.
And the name is more appropriately conferred upon the
present very striking plant, since Captain Rodgers was
himself one of its discoverers.” :
MAY Ist, 1883.
R. podophylla, the only known species of the genus,
inhabits open subalpine mossy woods in Japan, at Yesso,
Hakodadi, and on Fudsi-Yama, flowering in June. It was
introduced into the Imperial Botanical Garden of St.
Petersburg by Dr. Maximovicz, where it flowered in 1871.
Our specimen is from a plant flowered by Messrs. Veitch in
June of last year, which was raised from seed sent by their
most successful collector, Mr. Maries.
Descr. A herb with a stout perennial rootstock. Radical
leaves few, long petioled, peltately five-foliolate, six to
eighteen inches in diameter; leaflets sessile, five to ten
inches long by. three to six in breadth, cuneately obovate or
almost deltoid to beyond the middle, then trifid, with acu-
minate lobes or suddenly contracted and acute, the lateral
sometimes irregularly lobulate, margin coarsely serrate,
rather membranous, rugose from the numerous venules,
glabrous above, glabrous or pubescent on the nerves be- ©
neath; petiole six to twelve inches long, stout, with a few
paleaceous hairs at the summit; stipules adnate to the base
of the petiole; cauline leaves few, smaller, shorter-petioled,
three to five foliolate. Flowering stems, two to three feet
high, bearing a terminal much-branched matted panicle six
to twelve inches high and broad, of scorpioid pubescent
cymes. lowers one-third of an inch in diameter, shortly
pedicelled, yellowish white. Calyzx-tube very short, lobes.
spreading, ovate, acute. Petals none. Stamens twice as :
long as the calyx; anthers very small. Ovary depressed,
globose, with two suberect styles. Capsules very small.—
J. D-H; :
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, vertical section of ditto; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, top of style
and stigma; 6, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.
6692
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BOMAREA patacocensis.
Native of Ecuador.
Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—Tribe ALSTR@MERIER.
Genus Bomarga, Mirb. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 736.)
BomarEa patacocensis; caule tereti bracteis pedicellisque pubescentibus, foliis
lanceolatis acuminatis superne glabris subtus puberulis, petiolo brevi torto,
bracteis lineari-oblongis obtusis v. acutis pedicellis brevioribus, floribus nume-
rosissimis subumbellatis confertissimis, pedicellis gracilibus 2-23 pollicaribus,
floribus 24-pollicaribus coccineis, perianthii regularis segmentis exterioribus
lineari-oblongis obtusis, exterioribus longioribus spathulatis.
B. patacocensis, Herbert, Amaryllid, p. 120, t. 14; Kunth. Enum. Pl. vol. v. |
p- 814.
B. conferta, Benth. Plant. Hartweg. p. 259; Walp. Ann. vol. i. p. 837; Masters
in Gard. Chron. 1881, p. 330, and 1882, p. 186, f. 31.
This noble plant was discovered by the late Colonel Hall
in Ecuador at a place called Patacocha, alt. 6000 feet,
which I do not find on any map accessible to me; and was
described by the late Dean Herbert in his classical work on
the Amaryllides, published in 1837. It was subsequently
collected by Hartweg in the Western flanks of Pichincha,
and published by Bentham, who could not have seen Hall’s
specimen, as B. conferta. It is probably a common plant
in the Quitenian Andes, for Jameson, in his Herbarium of
Keuador plants, states that it grows in various wooded
localities of the temperate region of the Andes, at an eleva-
tion of 8000 feet. From B. pardina, Herb., with which
Bentham compares it, it differs in the much narrower
leaves, longer pedicels, and larger bracts. The plant
alluded to by Baker in the “ London Journal of Botany
(1882, p. 205), under B. conferta, from the Andes of Quito,
collected by M. André, and which has orange-coloured
outer perianth segments and yellow inner ones spotted with
dark violet, can hardly be this species.
B. patacocensis flowered in the Royal Gardens in October
JUNE Ist, 1883.
of last year, in the cool end of the Succulent House, from
a plant presented by Messrs. Shuttleworth, Carder, and Co.
Dzsor. A tall climber. Stem purplish-brown, rather
stout, pubescent. Leaves four to six inches long, lanceolate,
acuminate, dark green, glabrous above, pubescent beneath ;
petiole very short, flattened, twisted. lowers very shortly
racemose on a terminal rachis, very numerous and densely
clustered, pendulous, scarlet, except the green ovaries.
Bracts many or few, whorled, two to three inches long,
linear-oblong, acute or obtuse, pubescent on both surfaces.
Pedicels two to two and a half inches long, very slender,
pubescent. Perianth as long as the pedicels, very narrowly
campanulate ; outer segments linear-oblong, obtuse, with a
brown spot below the tip on the back; inner one-third
longer than the outer, elongate-spathulate, obtuse or sub-
acute. Stamens as long as the perianth; anthers blue.
Ovary turbinate, five-grooved. Style straight, stigma
simple.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1 and 2, Anthers; 3, ovary; 4, stigma :—all enlarged.
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ANGRAICUM $ mopestu™.
Native of Madagascar.
Nat. Ord. OxncHIDEx.—Tribe VANDER.
Genus Anerxcum, Thou.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 583.)
AnGREcUM modestum; caule brevi, foliis 4-5-pollicaribus elliptico- v. lineari-
oblongis subacutis, racemo pendulo 6-10-pollicari, pedunculo 3-6-pollicari
modice robusto vaginis brevibus crebris appressis cum rachi pedicellisque polli-
caribus pallide brunneis, bracteis brevissimis, floribus candidis 1-1}-poll. diam.,
sepalis petalisque consimilibus patenti-recurvis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis,
labello petalis paullo longiore et latiore recurvo, calcare gracillimo pedicello
duplo longiore, columna brevi obscure pilosa, polliniarum stipite solitario
gracili glandula squamiformi 2-loba.
The nearest ally of this is no doubt the A. apiculatum
(Plate 4159) of Sierra Leone, which differs in the acuminate
petals and sepals tipped with pink, the green rachis and
peduncle of the raceme, and the clavate stipes of the pollen-
masses ; there is also a tendency in the leaves of A. apicu-
latum to become two-lobed, of which I see no traces in this.
A, bilobum, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. vol. xxvii. t. 35), is another
closely allied plant, a native of Cape Coast Castle, in
Western Tropical Africa; it differs in the strongly veined
two-lobed leaves, and acuminate sepals and petals; it 1s
possibly the same as A. apiculatum. In the hairy column,
a character probably overlooked in other species, 1t resembles
A, descendens, Reichb. f. (in Gard. Chron, 1882, p. 558).
Angraecum modestum is a native of Madagascar, and the
plant here figured was presented to the Royal Gardens by
the Dowager Lady Ashburton; it flowered in April of the
present year. : :
Descr. Stem very short. Leaves distichous, three to six
inches long by one to one and a half inches broad, elliptic-
or linear-oblong, acute, tip entire, pale bright-green,
coriaceous, nerveless. Raceme pendulous, longer than the
leaves, many-flowered ; peduncle three to six inches long,
JUNE Ist, 1883.
rather stout, clothed with numerous very short appressed
sheaths, pale brown, as are the rachis and pedicels; rachis
subangularly flexuous; bracts very small, broad, appressed,
brown; pedicels slender, one inch long. lowers pure
white, one to one and a half inches in diameter. Sepals
and petals oblong-lanceolate, acute, spreading and recurved,
the petals rather the broadest; lip rather larger than the
petals, also oblong-lanceolate, acute, recurved; spur very
slender, straight, about twice as long as the pedicel.
Column very small, slightly hairy; anther conical, obtuse;
pedicel of the pollen-masses single, slender, with a large
bilobed gland.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Side and, 2, front view of column ; 3, anther; 4, pollen :—all enlarged.
664
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GERRARDANTHUS tomenrtosus.
Native of Natal.
Nat. Ord. Cucursitackm.—Tribe ZANONIER.
Genus GzRRarpantuvs, Harv.; (Cogniaux in A. DC. Monogr. Phan.
vol. iil. p. 935.)
GERRARDANTHUS fomentosus; ramulis foliisque novellis subtus et petiolis dense
tomentosis denum glabratis v. pubescentibus, foliis ambitu reniformibus sinu
basilari profundo 5-7-lobis, lobis brevibus triangularibus acutis, fl. ¢ petalis
ovato-oblongis obtusis marginibus late reflexis, connectivo in calcar elongatum
producto, fl. 2 ovario tubuloso-campanulato 10-costato, staminodiis setiformibus,
stylo brevissimo conico, stigmatibus sessilibus reniformibus, fructu campanulato
10-costato ore trilobo.
The singular plant here figured belongs toa very little
known genus of tropical and southern subtropical African
plants, of which the first described species was named after
its discoverer, Gerrard, a collector in N atal, who perished
in Madagascar. G. tomentosus differs a good deal from
the generic character, but hardly sufficiently to form anew
genus for its reception. Of the three described species in
Cogniaux’s monograph quoted above, none have the spurred
anthers of this, and in the only one of them of which the
female flower is known, this has three distinct styles and
no staminodes. The ovules, too, which in the previously
known Species are pendulous from parietal placentas, in
this are suspended from the top of the cells of the ovary;
the seeds are, however, quite characteristic of Gerrard-
anthus,
One of the most curious features of this genus is the
enormous size of its tuberous roots. Mr. Wood, now
superintendent of the Natal Botanical Gardens, and who
Sent seeds of this plant to Kew with copious herbarium
Specimens, informs me that he first found it in 1874, in one
stony ravine only (in Inanda), where the tubers were
seated on the top of and between large stones. Of these
tubers one measured six feet in circumference, and was
JUNE lst, 1883.
nearly two feet thick; its surface was scarred; and from the
centre arose a stem not more than three-quarters of an
inch in diameter, thickly covered with small round tuber-
cles, which ascended without a leaf to the tops of trees
fifty feet high. On turning over one of the tubers, it was
found to have but one fibrous root, about half an inch
thick. Mr. Wood adds that the natives do not appear to
put the plant to any use.
The specimen here figured was raised from seeds sent by
Mr. Wood in 1879, and it flowered for the first time in
August, 1681.
Descr. Stem very tall, climbing, from a large tuberous
root; branches clothed with spreading hairs; young parts
and leaves beneath densely tomentose. Leaves three to
four inches in diameter, reniform in outline, angularly five-
to seven-lobed, strongly nerved beneath, dull green; lobes
short, triangular, acute; basal sinus deep, rounded, with
connivent sides; petiole one and a half to two and a half
inches long. Male flowers in short racemes, bracts small.
Calyz-lobes short, rounded, pubescent. Corolla rotate, one-
half to three-quarters of an inch in diameter ; lobes ovate-
oblong, obtuse, dull yellow, margins strongly and broadly
recurved. Stamens five, one imperfect, the others conni-
vent in pairs; filaments incurved; anthers oblong, one-
celled, with the connective produced into a spur longer —
than the cell. Female flowers solitary or binate, axillary,
pubescent, shortly peduncled. Calya and petals as in the
male. Ovary three-quarters of an inch long, narrowly
campanulate, three-celled, pubescent, ten-ribbed; style
short, conical; stigmas three, shortly reniform, with the
sinus uppermost; ovules few, pendulous from the summit
of the cells. Fruit three inches long, between campanulate
and clavate, ten-ribbed, coriaceous, dry, mouth broadly
three-lobed above the ribs. Seeds one and a half inches
long; nucleus oblong, compressed, margined, ending in 4
broad membranous wing.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Male flower ; 2, stamen (both from dried specimens) ; 3, petal of female —
flower; 4, ovary, style, and stigma; 5, vertical section of ovary; 6, fruit, and 7,
seed (both from dried specimens) :—all but fig. 6 enlarged.
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CLERODENDRON sacrosipnoy,
Native of Zanzibar.
Nat. Ord. VerBenacem.—Tribe Vit1cEx.
Genus CLERopENDRON, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. SF. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1155.)
CLERODENDRON (Cyclonema) macrosiphon; ramis gracilibus foliisque puberulis,
foliis petiolatis oblanceolatis v. elliptico-lanceolatis grosse inequaliter dentatis
in petiolum longe angustatis, floribus in cymam brevissimam terminalem
subsessilem confertis, pedicellis brevissimis, calyce parvo dentibus ovatis acutis,
corolla alba tubo 3-4-pollicari gracillimo piloso, limbi 1-poll. lati unilateralis
lobis secundis ovato-oblongis subacutis, filamentis 2-pollicaribus antherisque
parvis purpureis.
A very elegant shrub, one of the many discoveries of Sir
John Kirk, who sent living plants of it to Kew in 1881,
which flowered in May of the following year in the stove.
The corolla, which is pale green in bud, becomes when
expanded snowy white, relieved by the long purple threads
of the filaments. Most of the species which possess a
corolla-tube approaching this in length, belong to the
Section of the genus with a more regular limb of the corolla,
as, for example, C. hastatwm, Wall., of India (Plate 3398),
of which the corolla-tube is even longer. There is, how-
ever, described in the botanical part of “ Peter’s Reise nach
Mossambique” (p. 259) a O. incisum, Klotzsch, from the
Sana river in East Africa, which approaches C. macrosiphon
" very closely, differing, according to the description, chiefly
In the glabrous calyx and corolla. This latter has a
Similar corolla, and it is probable that the species in which
the lobes all point one way should form a distinct section
of the genus. Only one other species with this structure
has been previously figured in this Magazine, namely, C.
macrophyllum, Sims (Plate 2536).
Sir John Kirk found C. macrosiphon on the coast oppo-
site Zanzibar Island, in very rocky places, where it formed
a small slender shrub.
JUNE Ist, 1883,
Dusor. A very slender erect shrub; branches and leaves
finely pubescent. Leaves two to three inches long, by
three-quarters to one and a quarter inches broad, oblanceo-
late or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, coarsely and deeply
irregularly toothed or almost lobulate along the margins,
base gradually narrowed into a petiole. Flowers forming
a small subsessile terminal reduced cyme, pedicels about
one-tenth of an inch long. Calyx campanulate, pubescent,
one-fourth of an inch long, tube cylindric, teeth trian-
gular acute erect. Corolla pure white, tube four to four
and a half inches long by one-tenth of an inch in diameter,
hairy, erect, slightly curved, hardly dilated at the very
short throat; limb completely one-sided, one to one and a
half inches in diameter, five-lobed to the middle; lobes
oblong, subacute, converging. Stamens inserted on the
throat of the corolla, the four anterior declinate, the pos-
_ terior erect ; filaments two to two and a half inches long,
very slender, red-purple, as are the very small oblong
anthers. Ovary very small, four-lobed; style very long,
filiform, exserted portion as long as the stamens; stigmas
two, small, filiform, recurved.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calyx; 2 and 3, anthers; 4, stigmas; 5, transverse section of ovary :—
all enlarged. -
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CEPHASLIS tomentosa.
Native of Guiana.
Nat. Ord. Rusracrz.—Tribe PsycHoTrRiEZx.
Genus CepHztis, Swartz; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 127.)
CrepH2xuis (Bracteocardis) tomentosa ; hirsuta, foliis breviter petiolatis ellipticis
v. elliptico-lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis, nervis numerosis, stipulis utrinque
2-nis elongato-lanceolatis erectis, capitulis longe pedunculatis, pedunculis
axillaribus v. terminalibus 1-cephalis, involucri bracteis 2 magnis late ovatis
subacutis v. cordato-reniformibus coccineis hirsutis, bracteolis spathulatis v.
oblongis hirsutis, calycis lobis brevibus, corolla tubulosa flava limbo brevissimo
5-dentato, dentibus triangularibus patulis, antheris linearibus subsessilibus
dorsifixis.
C. tomentosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. i. p. 977; Vahl Eelog. vol. i. p. 19; DOC.
Prodr, vol. iv. p. 533.
Catticocca tomentosa, Gmel. Syst. vol. i. p. 371.
Tapocomea tomentosa, Aubl. Guian. vol. i. p. 160, t. 61.
A very singular plant, congeneric with that yielding the
medicinal Ipecacuanha, but of very different appearance, a
native of tropical America, whence it extends from Mexico
to Guiana on the east, and Peru on the west side of the
Andes; also found in Trinidad, but in no other of the
West Indian Islands. It belongs to a small group of the
genus (which is reduced to Psychotria by many authors),
to which the sectional name of 7'apogomea has been applied
by Mueller Argan in Martius’ Flora of Brazil (Fasc. lxxxiv.),
distinguished chiefly by the bracts; it includes five species
so strikingly alike that they may prove to be varieties of
one; of these two have the calyx-lobes much longer than
its tube, whilst in the other two the calyx-lobes are no
longer than the tube. C. tomentosa is one of the last
group, but differs from Mueller’s description in having
tufts of hairs in the corolla-tube.
C. tomentosa was introduced into cultivation by Messrs.
Veitch, who imported it from British Guiana, and sent the
JUNE Ist, 1883.
specimen here figured to Kew to be named in September,
1882.
Descr. A shrub, hirsute throughout, with long soft hairs,
especially in the branches and peduncle. Leaves six to ten
by two to four inches long, rather membranous, elliptic or
elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate at both ends; nerves very
numerous, eight to sixteen pairs, slender, arching; petiole
one-half to one and a half inches long, stout; stipules
one-half to three-quarters of an inch long, in pairs on each
side of the stem, narrowly subulate-lanceolate, erect. Pe-
duncle solitary, axillary or terminal, one to four inches long,
stout, erect. Bracts two, opposite, spreading, one to one
and a half inches long, one to two inches broad, broadly
ovate or subreniform or orbicular-ovate, acute or acuminate,
scarlet, rugose, hirsute; bracteoles irregular, short, hairy,
spathulate. Flowers densely crowded, three-fourths of an
inch long. Calya-lobes short. Corolla twice as long as
the calyx-lobes, tubular, yellow, pubescent ; lobes five, very
small, triangular-ovate, spreading; tube with tufts of hairs
within about the middle. Anthers linear, subsessile near
the mouth of the corolla, peltately attached. Ovary small,
two-celled; style slender; stigmas short, linear. Drupe
blue.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Head cut vertically, of the natural size; 2, bracteole ; 3, bracteoles and
flower ; 4, vertical section of flower (inaccurate as to lower part); 5, tuft of hairs
of interior of corolla-tube; 6, anthers; 7, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.
AB. dd IN. Bitch lth. Vincent Brooks, Day &Son-inp ae
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ACER INSIGNE.
Native of Persia.
Nat. Ord. SapInDACER.—Tribe ACERINEE.
Genus Acer, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. i. p. 409.)
AcER insigne; ramulis validis glaberrimis, alabastri squamis magnis lineari-
oblongis rubris, foliis gracile petiolatis ambitu reniformi-rotundatis ad medium
palmato-5-lobis subtus glaucis, lobis oblongis v. oblongo-lanceolatis grosse
obtuse serratis, floribus in paniculas terminales pyramidatas dispositis, petalis
linearibus sepala ovata vix superantibus, filamentis glaberrimis, ovario
pubescente, samaris glabris v. pilosiusculis alis subdivergentibus.
A. insigne, Boiss. et Buhse, Aufz. p. 46; Boiss. Fil. Orient. vol. i. p. 947 ;
G. Nicholson in Gard. Chron. 1881, vol. ii. p. 75.
A. velutinum?, Van Volzem in Gard. Chron. 1882, vol. i. p. 744.
The subject of this plate has been much discussed
amongst botanists and arboriculturists, but its name and
place have, I think, been definitely settled by Mr. G.
Nicholson (of this establishment), who communicated to
the “ Gardener’s Chronicle” a very valuable account of the
cultivated Maples, including this species. The specimens
were communicated by M. J. Van Volxem from his fine
establishment in Belgium, and though still young it pro-
claims itself to be one of the handsomest species of the
genus in cultivation, being conspicuous in late spring for
the size and beautiful colour of the bud-scales, and tender
green of its pale foliage. M. Van Volxem says of it, that
it is the hardiest of the eighty species and varieties of
Maples cultivated by him, having withstood the disastrous
winters of 1879-80 and 1880-1; and being a late and
cautious grower, it had never even been nipped by the late
frosts. Our Kew experience of the plant accords with
M. Van Volxem’s, but Dr. Masters, whose garden is at a
considerably higher level than Kew (Haling), says that this
is not his experience. At this date (May 18th) of this
very exceptionally late spring, the buds are not even
JUNE lst, 1883.
swollen, and will probably not burst for some weeks yet,
whilst most of the other Maples are in young leaf.
According to M. Van Volxem, the earliest notice of this
plant under cultivation is in Vilmorin’s Catalogue of 1867,
where it is said to be a native of Pontus, at an elevation of
1500 metres; M. Van Volxem’s own plants were raised
from seed collected by Balansa, he believes, in Lazistan.>
Boissier gives the mountains of North Persia (provinces of
Talysch, Ghilan, and Asterabad) as the habitat of A.
msigne ; and woods of Ghilan in South Persia as that of
the var. velutina (under which name this has been culti- :
vated).
I am indebted to Dr. Masters for the specimen figured,
which flowered in his garden on May 23rd, 1882, before the
plants did at Kew in the same year, and which were also
received from M. Van Volxem.
Descr. A tree. Branchlets rather stout, terete, dark
brown ; buds ovoid, stout.. Leaves five to six inches in
diameter, rounded-reniform in outline, palmately divided to
the middle into five to seven oblong acute coarsely obtusely
serrated lobes, glabrous above, beneath more or less
tomentose. Flowers one-fourth of an inch in diameter,
green, in terminal pyramidal panicles three to four inches
long, appearing with the leaves, polygamous, the males with
long slender exserted stamens, the hermaphrodite with very
short stamens. Sepals ovate, obtuse. Petals hardly longer
than the sepals, small, linear. Filaments quite glabrous ;
anthers small. Ovary hairy.—J. D. H.
. Fig. 1, Male flower; .2, the same cut vertically; 3, female flower; 4, stamens
» ovary; 6, young fruit; 7, diagram of floral organs :—all enlarged.
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GREVILLEA ponicea, Br.
Native of New South Wales.
Nat. Ord. Proreacrx.—Tribe GREVILLEZ.
Genus GreviLLEA, Br.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 180.)
GREVILLEA (Lissostylis) punicea; ramulis gracilibus foliisque subtus et inflorescentia
sericeis, foliis subsessilibus elliptico-lanceolatis acutis v. obtusis et apiculatis
costa subtus prominula, floribus ad apicem pedunculi cernuis subumbellatim
capitatis, pedicellis brevibus, perianthii coccinei tubo angusto sulcato intus
tomentoso, limbi lobis tubo brevioribus lineari-oblongis revolutis, toro recto,
ovario glaberrimo gracili stipitato, stylo elongato puberulo, stigmate discoideo.
G. punicea, Br. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol. x. p. 169, et Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 376;
Meissn. in DC. Prodr. vol. xiv. p. 354; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. v. p. 468 ;
Bot. Reg. t. 1319; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1357 ; Reichb. Icon. Exot. t. 105.
LysanTHE speciosa, Knight, Prot. p. 118.
As is the case with so many beautiful Australian plants,
this, which was introduced so long ago as 1825, has long
since been out of cultivation, having shared the fate of the
“ hard-wooded’’ class of greenhouse and conservatory
shrubs which require a rather special treatment. It is a
native of Port Jackson itself, and extends thence westwards
to the Blue Mountains. Its nearest ally is G. sericea, Br.,
to which G. dubia, Br. (Plate 3798), is referred, and it may
prove to be only a brilliantly coloured variety of that plant
with larger flowers and longer styles, the geographical
area inhabited by them being the same.
The seeds from which the specimens here figured were
raised were received by Dr. Schomburgk, of the Adelaide
Botanical Garden, in 1880, and the plant flowered in March
of this year in the Temperate House of the Royal Gardens.
Descr. A shrub; branches slender, together with the
leaves beneath and inflorescence clothed with a fine silky
pubescence of appressed hairs attached by the middle.
Leaves alternate, one to two and a half inches long, by one-
third to two-thirds of an inch broad, oblong or elliptic-.
JULY Ist, 1883,
lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, with
usually an apiculus, smooth and shining above, midrib
strong beneath, nerves very obscure, when dry rusty brown
beneath with recurved margins; petiole very short. Pe-
duncles terminal, slender, one-fourth to one-half of an inch
long, curved, bearing a much shortened umbelliform raceme
of brilliant scarlet flowers; pedicels one-sixth to one-fourth
of an inch long. Perianth tubular, tube one-half of an inch
long, grooved, villous within; lobes half the length of the
tube, oblong, obtuse, revolute, glabrous within. <Anthers
small, sessile. Disk small, annular. Ovary slender, stipi-
tate; style very stout, two to three times as long as the
perianth tube, slightly curved, scarlet; stigma oblique, |
discoid.— J. D, H.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, portion of perianth seen from within; 3, apex of lobe of ditto
with anther; 4, pistil; 5, hair :—all enlarged.
6699.
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GYPSOPHILA CERASTIOIDES.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. CanYorpHYLLEX.—Tribe SILENER.
Genus Gypsornita, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 146.)
Gypsopuita (Heterochroa) cerastioides ; perennis, tota cano-tomentosa, rhizomate
lignoso, ramis diffusis prostratis et ascendentibus foliosis, foliis obovatis
spathulatisque obtusis in petiolum angustatis utrinque pubescentibus enerviis,
cymis subcapitatis sessilibus v. breviter pedunculatis foliaceo-bracteatis, rarius
nudis evolutis et corymboso-paniculatis, calycis semiquinquefidi lobis oblongis
subacutis ciliatis, petalis calyce duplo longioribus obcordato-spathulatis 3-nerviis,
stylis 2-3, seminibus latis atris tuberculatis.
G. cerastioides, Don Prodr. Fl. Nep. p. 213; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. i. p. 217.
Acosmra rupestris, Benth. in Wall. Cat. n. 644; Cambess. in Jacquem. Voy. Bot.
p. 26, t. 28. i
Timzosta rupestris, Klotzsch in Bot. Reis. Pr. Waldem. p. 138, t. 33.
This belongs to a small section of the large genus Gypso-
phila, established by Bunge for the reception of a few
Asiatic species, characterized chiefly by the hairyness, the
leafy cymes, and campanulate five-fid calyx, and which he
regarded as of generic value. Other characters attributed
to Heterochroa by its author are either variable or inconstant
as to their presence, as a slight irregularity of the corolla,
polygamous inflorescence, a scarious calyx, and the coloured
petals which suggested the name.
G. cerastioides is a. very common Himalayan plant,
extending from Kashmir to Sikkim, at elevations between
6000 and 12,000 feet. The flowers vary a good deal in
size, and in colour from white to lilac, always with three
red or purplish veins. The specimen figured was from the
Joad collection, which flowered at Kew in May of last year.
There are also plants at Kew raised from seeds sent from
the Royal Botanical Garden, Calcutta, by Dr. King, col-
lected in Sikkim. The plant is a very free flowerer, and
well adapted for the rock garden.
JULY Ist, 1883,
Dnscr. A low densely pubescent herb, clothed with
spreading soft hairs. ootstock short, woody, with a
fusiform woody root. Branches numerous from the crown
of the rootstock, three to eight inches long, decumbent at
the base, then prostrate or suberect, leafy, simple or
dichotomously branched. Leaves pubescent on both sur-
faces, radical long-petioled, one to one and a half inches
long, spathulate or oblanceolate; cauline one-third to two-
thirds of an inch long, obovate or spathulate, obtuse or
rounded at the apex, narrowed into a short petiole, nerves
very obscure. Cymes terminal, usually sessile between the
uppermost pair of leaves, rarely peduncled and evolute,
becoming panicled or corymbose; pedicels usually very
short, longer in the evolute cymes. Flowers erect, one-third
to nearly two-thirds of an inch in diameter. Calyx cam-
panulate, five-cleft to the middle; lobes oblong ovate,
subacute, ciliate. Petals twice as long as the calyx, obovate-
spathulate, white or lilac with three pink veins. Stamens
shorter than the calyx; anthers small. Styles two in our
specimens (three are figured by Klotzsch). Capsule oblong,
rather longer than the calyx. Seeds broad, flat, black.—
J. DH,
Fig. 1, Calyx and stamens ; 2, and 3, stamens; 4, pistil:—all enlarged.
- & Son bap:
MS. del, JN Fitch lth. Vincent Brooks,Day & -
L Reeve & C° London.
Tas. 6700.
~ TORENIA riava.
Native of Cochin China and India.
Nat. Ord. ScRoPHULARINEEZ.—Tribe GRATIOLER.
Genus Toren, Linn.; (Benth, et Hook.f. Gen. Pl, vol. ii. p. 954.)
TorEnta flava; caulibus suberectis v. prostratis elongatis glabris nodis inferioribus
radicantibus, foliis petiolatis ovatis grosse crenatis glabris v. parce puberulis,
floribus axillaribus solitariis et in racemos terminales dispositis, pedicellis calyce
brevioribus, calyce oblongo plicato angulis non alatis, corolla tubo exserto
superne et intus purpureo limbi aurei lobis rotundatis, filamentis longioribus
basi unidentatis.
T. flava, Ham. in Wall. Cat. 3957, A, B; Benth. Scroph. Ind. p. 38, et in DC
Prodr. vol. x. p. 411. ‘
T. Bailloni, Godefroy in Ill. Horticole, vol. xxv. (1878), t. 324; E. Morren in
ot ga Horticole, vol. xxix. (1879), pp. 22 et 29, t.1,£.2; Floral Magazine,
» t. 331.
PerRIsTEe1Ra racemosa, Griff. Notul. vol. iv. p. 120.
The species of the beautiful genus Torenia are very
difficult of discrimination, being variable in habit and in
the size of the flower. In the first published plate of this
plant (in the “Illustration Horticole”’), it is represented as
suberect, with the flowers all towards the ends of the
branches, and hence, through the reduction of the floral
leaves, subracemose ; thus precisely according in habit and
inflorescence with native specimens from India and Eastern
Asia. In the “ Belgique Horticole ” there is a good figure
of it (vol. xxix. t. 1), which represents the plant as erect,
but with axillary flowers; and, lastly, in the ‘ Revue
Horticole” (1879, p. 69) an excellent wood-cut represents
it as with pendent branches and solitary axillary flowers,
which accords with the habit of the plant as grown at Kew.
T. flava was discovered in Assam by Buchanan Hamilton
three-quarters of a century ago, and has since been found
to extend southward to Tenesserim, and eastward to Siam
and China. It was introduced into cultivation by M. Linden,
JULY Ist, 1883.
who received the seeds from M. Godefroy in Cochin China
in 1876, and it is now a common stove plant, flowering in
summer and autumn.
Descr. Branched from the base, glabrous or sparsely
hairy. Stems and branches erect, from a decumbent rooting
base, or prostrate, or pendulous, acutely four-angled, one
to one and a half inches long. Leaves one to nearly two
inches long, petioled, ovate or oblong, acute or obtuse,
coarsely crenate; petiole half as long as the blade or shorter.
Flowers axillary and solitary, or subracemose at the ends of
the branches, in distant pairs on an erect rachis with small
bracts or floral leaves; pedicels usually shorter than the
calyx, thickened in fruit. Oalyx one-half to three-fourths
of an inch long, narrowly oblong, tube with five deep
furrows and acute ribs or keels; lobes short, subulate.
Corolla variable in length, tube sometimes twice as long as
the calyx, rather broad, red-purple above, dirty yellow
beneath ; limb one inch in diameter and less, bright golden
yellow, with a purple eye. Longer filaments with a tooth
at the base.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Corolla laid open; 2, ovary and disk :—both enlarged.
6707.
Vincent Brooks Day & Son kup
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Tas. 6701.
ERANTHEMUM oporneensnz.
Native of Borneo.
Nat. Ord. AcantHacex.—Tribe Justiciex.
Genus Eranruemum, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 1097.)
ErantHEemum borneense ; ramulis glabris, foliis breviter crasse petiolatis ovato-
oblongis acuminatis basi acutis v. rotundatis coriaceis costa crassa nervis
utrinque 8-10, spica simplici densiflora, rachi stricta et calycibus puberulis,
} floribus albis non secundis confertis, calyce 3 poll. longo segmentis subulatis,
corolla tubo pollicari pubescente fauce non ampliata, limbi vix bilabiati 13-poll.
diam., laciniis elliptico-oblongis obtusis inferiore majore, antheris purpureis,
staminibus abortivis ad basin fertilium minutis, ovario glaberrimo.
This belongs to a genus whose species are very difficult
. of discrimination, and whose Indian ones have lately been
| __— ¢arefully revised by Mr. C. B. Clarke for the “ Flora of
British India.” Of these several have been figured under
false names in this Magazine. Thus Plate 5957 represents,
under the name of L. palatiferum, Nees (according to Mr.
Clarke), two species, neither of them the true palatiferum
of Nees, the right-hand one being H. cinnabarinum, Wall,
and the left-hand one E. malaccense, Clarke. I quite
concur in Mr. Clarke’s opinion as to neither of the plants
figured on this Plate being the true palatiferwm, but find it
difficult to believe that they are specifically distinct from
one another. Another is H. crenulatum var. grandiflorum
(Plate 5440), which is the EB. Parishii, Clarke (Asystasia
Parishii, T, Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. ix. p- 526).
From the two first of these E. borneense differs in the form
of the strict stout spike, the flowers of which are not secund,
and from H. Parishii it differs in the corolla-tube not being
funnel-shaped above. A much nearer ally is the L. Ander-
soni, Masters (Bot. Mag. Plate 5771), which has a glabrous
7. corolla tube, and a spotted lower lobe of the corolla limb,
and very long lanceolate leaves narrowed at both ends.
Eranthemum borneense was discovered in N.W. Borneo
JULY Ist, 1883,
by Mr. Curtis, when collecting for Messrs. Veitch, by whom:
the plant was sent to Kew in May of last year.
Descr. A nearly glabrous shrub; branches terete, smooth,
green. Leaves four to six inches long, very shortly petioled,
ovate-oblong, acuminate, quite entire, base rounded or
acute, glabrous, studded with raphides, thickly coriaceous,
bright pale green above, paler beneath with a very stout
broad midrib, nerves eight to ten pairs strong beneath
arched. Spike four to six inches long ; peduncle and rachis
strict, stout, erect, finely pubescent, unbranched. lowers
crowded all round the rachis, forming a conical inflorescence;
bracts and bracteoles minute, subulate. Calyx one-third
of an inch long, pubescent; lobes subulate, acute. Corolla
white, with a faint lemon tinge on the middle of the lower
segments; tube an inch long, quite cylindric, pubescent,
throat not dilated; limb an inch and a half in diameter,
obscurely two-lipped, quite flat, segments oblong obtuse,
the lower largest. Fertile stamens with purple anthers;
rudimentary stamens minute at the base of the fertile.
Ovary glabrous.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calyx, bracteoles, and style; 2, interior of portion of corolla-tube with
stamens ; 3, fertile anther ; 4, pes and disk :—all satenaed.
6702.
MS del JN Bitch lith.
ith
Vincent Brooks Day & ee :
LReeve & C° London.
‘
Tas. 6702.
SAXIFRAGA MARGINATA,
Native of Southern Italy and Greece.
Nat. Ord. SaxrFraGacex.—Tribe SaxIFRAGER.
Genus Saxrrraca, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Pl, vol. ii, p. 635.)
Saxtrraca (Kabschia) marginata; glanduloso-pubescens, caspitosa, caudiculis
lignosis dense foliosis, foliis radicalibus rosulatis cuneato-obovatis obtusis basi
ciliatis cartilagineo-marginatis caulinis linearibus erectis, caule florifero erecto,
floribus corymbosis, calycis nigro-glandulosi lobis oblongo-ovatis obtusis, petalis
amplis obovatis 5-7-nerviis staminibus triplo longioribus, capsula late ovoidea.
S. marginata, Sternb. Sawifr. Suppl. vol. i. t.1,£.1; Moretti Tent. Saxifr. 35;
Bertoloni Fl. Ital. vol. iv. p. 460; Ten. Fl. Nap. t. 234; Engler Monog.
Gatt. Saxifr. p. 262. ‘
S. cotyledon, Ten. Cat. Hort. Neap. App. vol. ii. p. 86.
S. Boryi, Boiss. Diagn. Ser. 2, p. 65; Fi. Orient. vol. ii. p- 801.
.
Savifraga marginata belongs to a section of the genus as
divided by Engler in his valuable monograph published in
1872, called Kabschia, in which the leaves are pitted and
Secrete lime along the margins and at the tip, and have
perennial shoots with alternate leaves. About eighteen
Species belong to this section, most of them natives of dry
calcareous mountains in the south of Europe, and the
Levant, from whence they spread eastwards to the Himalaya.
Mr. Ball, in a note attached to the specimen in the Kew
Herbarium, remarks that its nearest ally is 8. scardica,
Griseb., with which it should perhaps be united, and that
it differs from its other ally, S. media, in the inflorescence
and large white flowers, which latter are erroneously
coloured red (possibly through the discoloration of the
pigments) in Sternberg’s great work. 8S. scardica (a native
of Greece) differs, according to Engler, in having deeply
keeled acute leaves.
S. marginata is a native of Mount Taygetus in Greece,
from whence, however, I have seen no specimens; those I
have seen are from the Abruzzi in Italy, collected by
JULY Ist, 1883.
Tenore, and the mountains above Amalfi, at an elevation of
3500 feet. The specimen figured was presented by Mr. Maw,
and flowered in the Royal Gardens in March last. Mr. Maw
informs me that Mr. F. N. Reid, of Minori, is the collector
and introducer of the plant from the mountains not far
from Minori. eae
Duscr. Densely tufted; shoots perennial, hard. Leaves,
radical glabrous, forming rosettes one-half to one inch in
diameter, densely coriaceous, cuneate-obovate, obtuse, not
keeled below, ciliate at the base, margin and tip cartilagi-
nous, and marked with a series of pits covered with a
white calcareous incrustation. Flowering-stems two to four
inches high, stout, glandular-pubescent, laxly clothed with
erect appressed linear obtuse glandular-pubescent cauline
leaves. Flowers corymbose, shortly pedicelled, one-half to
three-quarters of an inch in diameter; pedicels and calyces
clothed with black glandular hairs. Calya campanulate,
_cleft to the middle, lobes ovate acute. Petals obovate, five
to seven-nerved, spreading and recurved, white. Stamens
much shorter than the petals, filaments subulate. Styles
conical, stout, erect, stigmas terminal. Capsule broadly
ovoid.— J. D. H,
Fig. 1, Portion of leaf; 2, calyx; 3, stamen; 4, ovary :—all enlarged. |
meal ~ ~~ immer oa
Tas. 6703.
CAMPANULA Jacopma.
Native of the Cape de Verd Islands,
Nat. Ord, CamPpANULACEZ.—Tribe CAMPANULER.
Genus CampanvLa, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook, f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 561.)
Campanuta (Medium) Jacobea; fruticulosa, strigoso-hirta, caule noduloso
lignescente cavo, ramis diffusis herbaceis foliosis, foliis oblongis v. ovato-oblongis
obovato-spathulatisve obtusis v. subacutis supremis 3-amplexicaulibus, calycis
tubo brevi cyathiformi laciniis anguste lanceolatis strigoso-ciliatis, corolla
campanulata quali calycis laciniis 3-plo longiore, filamentis plano-filiformibus
basi dilatatis fere glaberrimis, capsula depressa seminibus ovatis.
C. jacobea, Chr. Sm. in Tuck. Voy. p. 251; Webb in Hook. Niger FT. p. 148,
t. 12, icon in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 772, iterata,
As coming from a comparatively low level, in a thoroughly
tropical and indeed a very hot archipelago, Campanula
Jacobea forms a remarkable exception to the rule that the
genus to which it belongs is eminently one of temperate
and, indeed, cold latitudes. It is certainly one of the last
vegetable forms that might be expected to occur in the
torrid and generally arid Cape de Verd Islands, in lat. 15° N.,
and which forms geographically an insular continuation of
the Saharan region. In this, as in other respects of its
botany, the Cape de Verd Islands display an affinity with
the Floras of the temperate Atlantic Islands to the north-
ward of them (Canaries, Madeira, and Azores), which is
totally out of harmony with their physical conditions, and
thus affords one of the strongest proofs known of a previous
land-connexion, whose effects on the Flora have not been
obliterated by subsequent geographical segregation. The
late Mr. P, B. Webb, who published the first Florale of the
Cape de Verds, founded principally on the collections made
by Christian Smith in 1816, by myself in 1839, and by
Vogel in 1841, and which appeared in the “ Niger Flora,”
states that nearly one-fifth of the species then known belong
to Canarian genera or forms, only a tenth to the Arabo-
JULY Isr, 1883,
Nubian, and a twelfth to the forms of the Mediterranean
region. Amongst these forms common to the temperate
Atlantic Islands the Campanulacee hold a most conspicuous
place, as instanced by the beautiful Campanula Vidalii
(Plate 4748) being peculiar to one spot in the Azores
Islands; Musschia aurea (Plate 6556), and M. Wollastoni
(Plate 5606), being both confined to Madeira; and Canarina
Campanula (Plate 444) being restricted to the Canary
Islands. Nor is this continuity of vegetable affinities con-
fined to the Campanulacee; it extends to Composite,
Crucifere, and other conspicuous Orders.
Campanula Jacobea is arather common Cape deVerd plant,
_ inhabiting 8. Nicolas, Brava, 8. Antonio, S. Vincent, and 8.
Jago, in which last I gathered it (in 1839) on arid rocks about
2000 feet above the sea-level. It was introduced into
cultivation by our valued correspondent, Max Leichtlin, who
communicated seeds to Kew, which produced (in a cold
frame) the flowering specimen here figured in March of this
year. The flowers in a native state vary in colour from
pale greenish-yellow to a deep blue; those that were pro-
duced at Kew were of the colour represented in the flower
at the side of the Plate.
Dusor. An undershrub, two to three feet high ; stem
below woody, hollow, gnarled, brittle; branches green,
angular, rather soft, leafy ; all parts, except the corolla,
hispid with white spreading hairs. Leaves one and a half
to two and a half inches long, sessile or subsessile, oblong
ovate or obovate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, narrowed at
the base; upper cordate, half-amplexicaul. Flowers axillary
on curved pedicels two to three inches long, nodding or
drooping. Calya-tube very small; segments one-half to
two-thirds of an inch long, erect, narrowly lanceolate,
margins at the base reflexed, sinus sometimes produced
backward into an auricle. Corolla campanulate, one to one
and a half inches long, deep blue or pale greenish, lobes
very short and broad. laments slender, dilated and
slightly hairy at the base. Style pubescent.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower from a native specimen ‘ 2, and 3, stamens; 4, pistil:— all but
Jig. 1 enlarged.
6704
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp
M.S. del, JN Fitch lith
Tan. 6704.
LICUALA Grannis.
Native of New Britain.
Nat. Ord. PatMex.—Tribe CoryPHES.
Genus Licvata, Thunb.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 928.)
Licvata grandis; glaberrima, caudice erectosuperne vaginis vetustis foliorum obtecto,
foliis perplurimis erecto-patulis, petiolo 3-pedali gracili glaberrimo, marginibus
infra medium spinosis, spinis brevibus validis rectis v. curvis, lamina orbiculari
v. semi-orbiculari concavo basi cuneato v. truncato creberrime plicato, marginibus
breviter fissis, lobis obtuse 2-fidis, ligula brevi late ovata acuta crassa, spadicibus
axillaribus foliis paullo brevioribus gracilibus glaberrimis, ramulis floriferis
distantibus paniculatim ramosis sessilibus, spathis 2-pollicaribus lanceolatis—
acuminatis brunneis, floribus 4 poll. longis viridibus cum _pedicello brevissimo
articulatis, calyce tubuloso-campanulato ore truncato sublobato, petalis calyce
brevioribus late ovatis acutis marginibus crassis, staminibus sinubus cyathi
magni 6-lobi crasse coriacei insertis, filamentis subulatis lobis triangularibus
cyathi zquilongis, antheris oblongis, ovario obovoideo e carpellis 3 leviter
coherentibus, stylo brevi filiformi integro.
L. grandis, H. Wendl. MSS.—André Illustr. Horticol. t. 412.
Paritcnarpia grandis, Hort. Bull. -
The subject of the present Plate is one of the most
striking Palms that have ever been introduced into this
country; it is graceful in habit, with a bold crown of
brilliantly green leaves, the rounded cup-shaped form of
which, delicately folded in innumerable plaits, and doubly
cut round the edges, are characters quite unlike those of
any other Palm known in cultivation. The precise date of
its introduction is not known; it was exhibited at the
International Horticultural Show at Brussels in 1876 by
Mr. Bull, from whose possession it passed into that of Mr.
Wills, and from him to the Royal Gardens, Kew, where it
— one of the chief ornaments of the Tropical House
oe @
The genus Licuala, consisting of about thirty known
species, is very badly represented in the Palm Houses of
Kurope; most are small Palms of very elegant habit,
natives of the hotter regions of Eastern Asia, and from
AuGUsT Ist, 1883,
thence spread through the South Sea Islands, whence, no
doubt, many new species are to be obtained.
P. grandis flowered for the first time in Mr. Wills’s
establishment at Anerley in February, 1881, but did not
_ ripen seeds.
Desor. Whole plant six feet high to the base of the top-
most petiole. Trunk, three feet and a half to the base of the
leaves, ten inches in circumference, leaf-bearing for nearly
half of its length, clothed shortly below the leaves with the
sheaths of the old leaves, which are semi-amplexicaul and
about three inches long. Leaves about twenty in the
crown, erect and slightly spreading, deep bright green;
petiole two and a half to three feet long, slender, concavo-
convex, armed with short stiff nearly straight or curved
sometimes irregularly forked spines along the margins
from the base to the middle, ending in a short ovate acute
concave thickly coriaceous ligule; blade suberect, three
feet in diameter, and about two long, orbicular or semi-
orbicular, concave from the incurving of the sides and
more or less of the whole blade, closely plaited and a little
wavy, base cuneate or truncate, margins cleft into bifid
lobes about an inch long, lobules of the lobes very obtuse.
Spadizes several, rising from amongst the leaves and nearly
as long as they are, suberect ; rachis as thick as the little
finger, cylindric, terete, quite smooth, giving off at
intervals of a foot or less flowering panicles five to six
inches long. Spathes at the bases of the panicles two or
more, two to three inches long, lanceolate, acute, concave,
brown, striated. Flowers one-third of an inch long, jointed
on to very short pedicels or sessile on the branches of the
panicle. Calye tubular-campanulate, terete; mouth trun-
cate, slightly lobed. Petals as long as the calyx, ovate,
acute, concave, very thick, with broad margins and an
inflexed tip. Stamens very small, inserted between the
triangular teeth of a six-lobed coriaceous cup; filaments
subulate, as long as the teeth of the cup; anthers oblong.’
Ovary of three slightly cohering wedge-shaped carpels,
united by a very short entire style; stigma simple.—J. D. H.,
: rind 1, Top of petiole and base of leaf blade; 2, branch of panicle and flower ;
» Hower spread open ; 4, calyx cut open and petals in bud; 5, petal; 6, staminal
fa a pesmi 7, ovary ; 8, the same with the carpels disunited :—all but fig.1
MS. del. J. NFitch hth Vincent. Brooks, Day & Son imp, 7
L Reeve & C° London.
Tan. 6705.
ALOE PRATENSIS.
Native of the Cape of Good Hope.
Nat. Ord. Lriracen2—Wibe ALOINER.
Genus Atox, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl, vol. iii. p. 776.)
ALOE pratensis ; acaulis, foliis permultis dense rosulatis oblongo-lanceolatis acumi-
natis semipedalibus viridibus glauco tinctis immaculatis obscure verticaliter
lineatis dorso superne tuberculato-aculeatis margine aculeis magnis patulis
rubro-brunneis armatis, pedunculo valido simplici bracteis vacuis multis
scariosis ovatis acuminatis praedito, racemo denso simplici, pedicellis ascenden-
tibus flore seepe longioribus, bracteis magnis ovatis acuminatis, perianthii
splendide rubri tubo brevissimo campanulato, segmentis lanceolatis, genitalibus
demum breviter exsertis.
A. pratensis, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xviii. p. 156.
This is a well-marked and very handsome new species of
the dwarf acaulescent group of Aloes, allied to A. humiiis
and A. aristata. We first received it from Mr. Thomas
Cooper, of Reigate, in whose rich collection it flowered
several years ago. In 1872, Professor McOwan sent two
fine specimens for the Herbarium, gathered on the summit
of the Boschberg, at an elevation of 4500 feet above sea-
level. Lately it has flowered again in the collection of Mr.
Justus Corderoy, of Blewbury, near Didcot, from whose
specimen the present drawing was made.
_-Desor. Acaulescent. Leaves sixty or eighty in a dense
rosette, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, the outer ones five or
six inches long, the inner ones growing gradually smaller,
an inch and a half broad at the base, exclusive of the spines,
narrowed gradually from the base to the point, firm in
texture, an eighth of an inch thick in the middle, green
with a slight glaucous tinge, obscurely lineate vertically on
both back and face, not spotted, furnished on the margin
with large red-brown deltoid cuspidate horny spines, a few
of which extend to the back of the leaf near its tip.
Peduncle short, stout, simple, a foot or more in length,
AUGUST Ist, 1883.
furnished with copious ascending scariose ovate acuminate
empty bracts. Haceme dense, simple, finally half a foot or
a foot long; pedicels ascending, often longer than the
flowers ; bracts of the inflorescence just like those of the
peduncle. Perianth cylindrical, bright red tipped with
green, an inch and a quarter long; segments lanceolate,
united only in a short cup at the base. Stamens and style
finally a little exserted from the perianth ; anthers minute,
oblong, orange-yellow.—J. G. Baker.
?
Fig. 1, The whole plant, much reduced 3 2, a flower, slightly enlarged ; 3, an
anther, viewed from the face ; 4, an anther, viewed from the back; 5, pistil :—ad/
enlarged.
6706, ©
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Tas. 6706.
DENDROBIUM xevoturum.
Native of the Malay Peninsula.
Nat. Ord. OncHipex.—Tribe EpIpDENDREX.
Genus Denprosium, Sw. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 498.)
DEenpDRoBIUM (Eudendrobium) revolutum; caulibus cespitosis robustis sulcatis
evaginatis, internodiis brevibus, foliis 1-2-pollicaribus sessilibus 3-amplexicau-
libus oblongis ovato-oblongisve obtusis emarginatisve subtus carinatis enerviis,
fluribus solitariis oppositifoliis, sepalis petalisque ovato-lanceolatis subacutis
recurvis albis, sepalo dorsali ceteris paullo majore, labello petalis multo majore
oblongo-quadrato convexo apice truncato angulis rotundatis, lobis lateralibus
ad basin medii parvis oblongis obtusis, disco exarato lineis 3 rubris ceterum
ree caleare petalis subsequilongo fere recto subacuto, columna brevi
obtusa,
D. revolutum, Lind/. in Bot. Reg. vol. xxvi. (1840), Mise. p-51; Part. Fl. Gard.
Le. Xylog. n. 42; Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 291.
A very singular form of Dendrobium, one of asmall group
which inhabits the Malayan Peninsula and Islands. Its
nearest ally is the D. wnijflorum, Griff. (Notul. vol. iii. p. 305,
and Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 303), which differs in the much broader
Sepals, petals, and lip, and is a native of Mount Ophir,
Malacca. This or D. wniflorum may further prove to be
the same as one of two plants from Penang, distributed by
Wallich under his number 2002, with the name of D.
bifariwm, Lindl., and which consist respectively of a
Dendrobium without flower or fruit, but with axillary bracts,
as in D. uniflorum and revolutum, and another plant with
terminal and axillary short racemes, which Lindley subse-
quently rightly identified with a Hong-Kong one, and which
is his Appendicula bifaria (Kew Journ. Bot. vol. vii. p. 35).
D. revolutum is a native of Singapore, whence it was first
introduced into England nearly fifty years ago by the
veteran collector Cuming, and cultivated by the Messrs.
Loddiges. The specimen here figured was received from
C. Peche, Esq., of Moulmein, in 1882, along with other
orchids. The original Singapore specimen preserved in
AUGUST Ist, 1883.
Lindley’s Herbarium at Kew is identical with our plant as
to flower, but has a more slender stem and narrow leaves
three and a half inches long. A specimen from the Rev.
Mr. Parish, collected presumably in Moulmein, is undis-
tinguishable from that here figured in stem, leaves, and
form and size of flower, but according to a drawing which
accompanies it, the lip is a dull green without the thin
red streaks.
D. revolutwm flowered in the Orchid House of the Royal
Gardens in July of the present year.
Descr. Pseudo-bulbs none. Stems tufted, a foot long, as
thick as a goose-quill, deeply furrowed ; internodes one-
quarter to two-thirds of an inch long, not swollen; sheaths
none. Leaves numerous, distichous, one to two inches long
(three and a half inches in Lindley’s specimen), oblong or
linear- or ovate-oblong, obtuse or retuse, semi-amplexicaul,
keeled by the midrib, striate when dry. flowers solitary,
axillary, three-fourths of an inch long from the tip of the
dorsal sepal to that of the hp; bracts caducous; pedicel
slender, decurved, with the ovary two-thirds of an inch
long. Sepals and petals white, reflexed upwards, lanceolate,
acute, nearly equal, except the dorsal sepal, which is rather
the longest and broadest. Lip nearly quadrate, convex,
bright yellow-green, tip truncate with rounded angles;
lateral lobes small, marginal lobes towards the base of the
median; disk with three furrows and red bands; spur as
long as the sepals, nearly straight, subacute. Colwmn very
small, prone upon the labellum, and about one-third of its
length.—J. D. H,
Fig. 1, Flower with sepals and petals removed; 2, column and spur; 3, pollen-
masses; 4, anther-case :—al/ enlarged.
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ALLIUM MAcLEANI.
Native of Cabul.
Nat. Ord. Lintacez.—Tribe ALLIEZ.
Genus Auiium, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 802.)
Attium (Molium) Macleanii; bulbo globoso, foliis 4-5 lanceolatis glabris pedalibus,
pedunculo tereti 2-3-pedali, umbello globoso maultifloro pedicellis strictis
elongatis, spathe valvis oblongo-lanceolatis pedicellis multo brevioribus,
perianthii parvi pallide purpurei segmeatis oblongo-lanceolatis flore expanso
nears genitalibus perianthio 14-2-plo longioribus, filamentis conformibus
eas ovario viridi trilobato granulato, ovulis in loculo geminis collatera-
ibus.
This is a fine new tall many-flowered Allium, of which
the bulbs were brought from Cabul by Colonel Maclean.
It was flowered for the first time last summer by Mr. James
Wilson, of St. Andrews, from whose plant the present
drawing was made. It does not resemble any known
European, Oriental, or Himalayan species, but we have, in
the Kew Herbarium, a closely-allied undescribed species
from Beluchistan, gathered by Dr. Stocks, and it also
nearly resembles two of Dr. Regel’s new species from
Central Asia, A. stipitatum and A. Swwarowi, both of which
have lately been figured in the Gartenflora, on Plate 1062.
Desor. Bulbs symmetrical, solitary, globose. Leaves
four or five, contemporary with the flowers, evanescent,
lanceolate, green, about a foot long, an inch or an inch and
a half broad, flat, glabrous both upon the surfaces and
margins. Peduncle terete, flexuose, moderately stout, two
or three feet long. Umbel dense, globose, three or four
inches in diameter; spathe-valves two, oblong-lanceolate,
membranous, evanescent, much shorter than the pedicels,
which are stiff and slender, and attain a length of one and
a half or two inches. Perianth mauve-purple, a quarter of
an inch long; segments oblong-lanceolate, acute, spreading
horizontally when fully expanded, furnished with a distinct
auaust lst, 1883.
one-nerved keel down the back. Filaments pale mauve-
purple, uniform, linear, much longer than the perianth-
segments; anthers small, oblong. Ovary greenish, orbicular,
deeply lobed, with a pair of collateral ovules in each cell.—
J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, A flower complete; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, pistil:—alZ more or less
enlarged,
6708.
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LReeve & C° London.
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Tas. 6708.
NYMPHA‘A oporata, var, minor floribus roseis.
Native of the United States.
Nat. Ord. NympH#acEx.—Tribe NyMPHzz.
Genus Nympuma, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 46.)
Nyrupxma odorata, foliis orbicularibus basi ad petiolum fissis marginibus inte-
gerrimis, stipulis rhizomati appressis late triangularibus v. subreniformibus
apice emarginatis, floribus albis odoratis, sepalis oblongis cum petalis et antheris
obtusis, stigmatum appendicibus brevibus incurvis, seminibus stipitatis oblongis
arillo multo brevioribus.
N. —— Ait. Hort. Kew. vol. ii. p. 227; Bot. Mag. t. 819; A. Gray, Man.
ed. 5, p. 56.
Var. rosea; petalis roseis. N. odorata var. rosea, Pursh. Fl. N. Am. vol. ii. p. 369.
The rose-coloured varieties of the European Nymphea
alba, and of the American JN. odorata, have attracted much
attention in this country, and I have taken the opportunity
of figuring the latter in order to correct the misapprehension
raised by the figure and description of N. odorata var. minor
published in 1814 in this work at Tab. 1652, which is there
described as var. B. rosea, but which is not the true
variety of that name. WN. minor, DC. itself is only a small-
leaved and flowered state of N. odorata, passing into it by
every gradation, as remarked by Gray; and the rose-colour
of the flowers is not confined to it, though possibly more
usual in the smaller than in the larger states of the species.
The plate, Tab. 1652, is, no doubt, referable to var. minor,
and is a narrow-petalled state of that variety, but the calyx
and petals, though described as rosy externally, are figured
as pure white. This is the more remarkable, as the de-
scription says, “ That it is really the rose-coloured variety
of odorata of Pursh is certain, being the product of roots
brought from America by himself. This excellent botanist
describes the flowers as being externally of a rose colour ;
but in our plant neither calyx nor petals had any such
avGusT Ist, 1883.
stain.” The author of the description in the Magazine
- goes on to state that the difference may have arisen from
cultivation, for that the deep purple of the under-surface
of the leaves, from want, perhaps, of sufficient air and
intensity of light, did not, as described by Pursh, extend to
the peduncles. To me it appears far more probable that
Pursh brought the wrong plant, than that imported roots
changed their character so suddenly as to produce in two
successive years, first rose-coloured and then pure white
flowers. =
N. odorata extends throughout Eastern North America,
from Newfoundland to Florida, which renders its absence
in the western half of the continent very remarkable, as
water-plants are so easily disseminated; and the same remark
applies to the equally common American Nuphar advena,
which is, however, represented by another species in
Western America. The var. rosea is more local than the
white-flowered form. There are specimens from Pursh in
the Kew Herbarium from the Bass and Wardings Rivers,
gathered in 1808, and Gray says that varieties with pinkish
or rarely bright pink flowers and leaves often crimson
underneath occur, especially at Barnstable in Massachusetts.
Chapman does not mention it as a native of the Southern
United States. |
The Royal Gardens are indebted to Mr. Kennedy, who
as done so much for the introduction of water-plants into
this country, for the specimen from which this figure is
taken, and which flowered in the tropical Water-Lily House ~
nearly all the summer.—J. D, H.
Fig. 1, Outer, and, 2, inner stamens ; 8, vertical section of torus, with stamens
and ovary :—a// enlarged.
6709.
i
Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imp
S.del . AN Bitch, bth,
Tarn. 6709,
CRINUM HILDEBRANDTII.
Native of the Comoro Islands.
Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEX.—Tribe AMARYLLEX.
Genus Crinum, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 726.)
Crinum (Platyaster) Hildebrandtii; bulbo ovoideo collo elongato, foliis 8-10
synanthiis lanceolatis glabris sesquipedalibus vel bipedalibus, scapo gracili
ancipiti subpedali, umbellis 6-10-floris, pedicellis subnullis vel brevissimis,
spathw valvis lanceolatis reflexis, perianthii albi tubo recto cylindrico 6-7-
pollicari, limbi segmentis lanceolatis horizontaliter patulis tubo subtriplo
brevioribus, filamentis purpureis perianthii segmentis brevioribus, stylo exserto.
_C. Hildebrandtii, Vatke in Monats. Konigl. Acad. Wissen. Berl. 1876, p. 863 ;
Baker in Gard. Chron. 1881, p. i8v.
This is a well-marked new species of Crinum, allied to
C. americanum and erubescens, but from a totally different
part of the world. It was discovered about 1875 amongst
the mountains of Johanna Island, at an elevation of 3000
feet above sea-level, by the late Dr. Hildebrandt, who, after
a series of courageous explorations in Somali-land and
other little-known regions of Hast Tropical Africa, visited
Madagascar, and after making in the island large and
valuable collections, died a couple of years ago at Antana-
narivo, worn out by his exertions. It was sent home by
him about 1875 to the Botanic garden at Berlin. I am not
aware that any of the original stock ever reached this
country; but it was rediscovered by Sir John Kirk in
1878, and it was from bulbs presented by him to Kew,
which flowered in November, 1881, and again in the winter
of 1882, that our drawing was made.
Descr. Bulb ovoid, two or three inches in diameter,
with a neck finally half a foot long. Leaves eight or ten,
contemporary with the flowers, lanceolate, bright green,
firm in texture, a foot and a half or two feet long, two or
two and a half inches broad at the middle, narrowed
gradually to the apex, quite glabrous on the margins.
‘SEPTEMBER Ist, 1883.
Peduncle slender, lateral, ancipitous, about a foot long; —
-umbel of six to ten nearly or quite sessile flowers; spathe- _
valves two, lanceolate, reflexed. Perianth pure white,
erect, with a cylindrical tube six or seven inches long; _
segments of the limb lanceolate, spreading horizontally
when fully expanded, two or three inches long, under half
an inch broad. Filaments bright purple, shorter than the
perianth-segments; anthers linear, three-quarters of an
inch long. Style finally exserted beyond the perianth-—
segments; stigma capitate.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Front view of an anther; 2, back view of an anther; 3, apex of style,
with stigma :—all enlaryed.
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Tas. 6710.
TULIPA Kotpakowsgyana,
Native of Turkestan.
Nat. Ord. Littacex.—Tribe TuipPex.
Genus Toxtpa, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 818.)
Tutira Kolpakowskyana; bulbo magno ovoideo, tunicis castaneis exterioribus
intus parce adpresse-strigosis, caule valido uniflo® glabro, foliis 3-4 margine
obscure ciliatis, inferiori lanceolato subpedali, superioribus linearibus, flore
leviter odoro ante anthesin subnutante, perianthio magno campanulato splendide
rubro vel luteo segmentis subconformibus oblongis acutis exterioribus magis
patulis, filamentis glabris, ovario crasso trigono, stigmatibus magnis crispatis.
_T. Kolpakowskyana, Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. v. p. 266; Gartenflora,
vol. xxvii. (1878), pp. 293, 336, t. 951; Gard. Chron. 1880, f. 11l et 113;
Baker in Gard. Chron. 1883, vol. i. p. 789.
This new Tulip from Central Asia is a very fine plant,
and likely to prove quite hardy in our English climate, and
to become a popular favourite. It is a near ally of 7.
_ Gesneriana, with which it quite agrees in bulb and general
habit, differing in its earlier time of flowering and in the
Segments being narrowed gradually to an acute point. It
is likely that it will prove equally variable with T. Ges-
neriana in the colouring of the flower. Mr. Elwes, who
supplied the specimen for the present figure, says :—“ The
colour is either bright cherry red, with a black eye, purplish-
black anthers and filaments; or yellow, flamed reddish on
the back of the three outer segments ; or pure yellow, with
blackish eye and yellow anthers and filaments.” It is a
native of Turkestan, and was introduced to the St. Peters-
burg garden by Dr. Albert Regel and Fetisow about 1877.
Descr. Bulb ovoid, about an inch in diameter, with
= brown membranous tunics, slightly strigose inside. Stem
erect, terete, one-flowered, about a foot long. Leaves three
or four to a stem, slightly glaucous, unspotted, obscurely
_ Ciliated on the margin, glabrous on the face and back, the
lowest lanceolate, about a foot long by an inch broad, the
SEPTEMBER lst, 1883. :
upper ones linear. Peduncle glabrous, erect, six or nino ©
inches long. Bud slightly nodding. Flower faintly scented,
campanulate, two or two and a half inches long in the
cultivated plant; all the segments oblong and acute, an —
inch or more broad at the middle, the three outer, when |
the flower expands, spreading away from the three inner.
Segments in the typical red-flowered form, as figured, with
a faint yellow-black blotch filling up the whole claw.
Stamens about an inch long, the glabrous filament often
shorter than the linear anther. Ovary large, stout, with
three large much-crisped stigmas.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Bulb; 2 and 3, bates of perianth segments :—all of the natural size ;
4, stamen, and 5, ovary :—both enlarged.
MS. del, J. N Fitch, lith.
L Reeve &C° London.
Tas. 6711.
LEUCOIUM HYEMALE.
Nate of the Maritime Alps.
Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDACER.—Tribe AMARYLLES.
Genus Levcoium, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 720.)
Leucorum (Ruminia) hyemale; bulbo globoso tunicis membranaceis, foliis 2-4
synanthiis vernalibus anguste linearibus glabris facie canaliculatis, pedunculo
gracili 1-2-floro, pedicellis cernuis, spathe valvis linearibus, ovario turbinato,
perianthii segmentis albis oblongis dorso viridulis laxe multinervatis, exte-
rioribus acutis, interioribus paulo brevioribus obtusis, antheris conniventibus
lanceolatis filamentis brevissimis, stylo cylindrico, stigmate papilloso, semi-
nibus dimidiato-oblongis nigris punctatis carunculatis.
L. hiemale, DC. Fl. Franc. Suppl. p. 326, er parte; Bertol. Fl. Ital. vol. iv
p-6; Moggridge Cont. Fl. Mentone, t. 21.
GALANTHUS autumnalis, Allioni Auct. ad Fl. Pedem. p. 33, exel. syn.
Acts hyemalis, Rem. Amaryll. p. 55; Kunth Enum, vol. v. p. 475.
Ruminia hyemalis, Parlat. Fl. Ital. vol. iii. p. 85.
R. niceensis, Jord. et Fourr. Icones, p. 26, t. 65, f. 108.
This graceful little Snowflake is one of the rarest of
Kuropean plants. It is confined to a small strip of rocky
shore reaching from Nice to two miles east of Mentone.
The name “‘ hyemale”’ conveys a wrong idea, for it does
not flower till April, and for that reason M. Jordan has
proposed to change it to “ niceensis.” The first specimens
I remember to have seen at Kew were flowered in the
herbaceous ground in the spring of 1871, from bulbs
brought home by our valued correspondents, now both
deceased, Messrs. M. and J. T. Moggridge, the latter of
whom figured it beautifully for the first time in his illus-
trated book on the plants of Mentone. Lately Mr. Geo,
Maw has supplied us with a good stock, and it is from his
Specimens that the present drawing has been made.
Descr. Bulb globose, under an inch in diameter, with
several membranous brown tunics. Leaves two to four,
contemporary with the flowers, erect, narrow linear,
SEPTEMBER lst, 1883. -
glabrous, six or twelve inches long, channelled down the
face. Peduncle slender, erect, one- or two-flowered;
pedicels cernuous ; spathe-valves two, linear. Ovary green,
turbinate. Perianth white; segments oblong, imbricated,
half an inch long, tinged with green on the back and laxly
many-veined, the three inner rather shorter and more
obtuse than the three outer. Stamens epigynous; anthers
lanceolate, bright yellow, permanently connivent; filaments
very short. Style cylindrical; stigma minute, terminal,
papillose. Fruit a membranous turbinate capsule. Seeds
dimidiate-oblong, black, punctate, furnished with a con-
spicuous fleshy white carunculus.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, An outer segment of the perianth; 2, an inner segment; 3, pistil and
stamens; 4, an anther, viewed from the front; 5, one of the loves of the epigynous
disk :—all enlarged.
6772.
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M.S. del, IN. Ritch hth
L. Reeve & C° London.
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Tas. 6712.
PRIM ULA FioriBunpa.
Native of the Western Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Primutacex.—Tribe PrimvuLez.
Genus Prruvuta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 631.)
Primvta floribunda; glanduloso-pubescens, foliis vernatione conduplicatis ellipticis
ovatisve acutis v. obtusis ia petiolum latum angustatis irregulariter crenato-
dentatis, floribus in verticillos superpositos involucratos dispositis gracile pedi-
cellatis, involucri bracteis sessilibus foliaceis ovatis lanceolatisve acutis, calycis
segmentis ovatis acuminatis fructiferis reflexis, corolla flave tubo gracili piloso
calyce duplo longiore, limbi lobis obcordatis, capsula globosa, dein conico-
ovoidea ad basin latam 5-valve, valvis membranaceis, seminibus minutis angu-
latis granulatis, —
P. floribunda, Wall. Tent. Fl. Nep. t. 33, et Cat. no. 1825; Duby in DC. Prodr.
vol. viii. p. 35; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 495, xix. parti. p. 113, f. 17;
Gard. C) ron, N.S, vol. xix. p. 113, f. 17.
P. obovata, Wall. Cat no. 610.
AnpDRosack obovata, Wall. MSS.
P. floribunda belongs to a small section of the genus in
which the leaves, instead of having revolute margins in
vernation, are complicate, having them folded down the
middle on the upper face. The species are remarkable for
inhabiting comparatively very low elevations in warm
countries. Thus the plant here figured is found at lower
elevations in the Himalaya than any other of the numerous
Species that inhabit that rich region, occurring between
2500 and 6500 feet along the whole division of the range
which extends from Kumaon to Kashmir; occurring
also in Affghanistan, where it was collected by Griffith on
the banks of canals at Pushut. Its nearest allies are P.
verticillata, Forsk (Plate 2842, which is the same as
P. Boveana, Dene.), a native of the mountains of Arabia,
and P. simensis, Hochst. (P. verticillata var. simensis,
Masters in Gard. Chron, 1870, p. 597, and our Plate 6042),
which is an Abyssinian plant.
The specimen here figured was received from the Royal
SEPTEMBER lst, 1883.
Botanical Gardens of Edinburgh, and flowered at Kew in
a cool frame in March, continuing in flower till May.
Descr. Whole plant clothed with more or less glandular
jointed soft hairs. Rootstock woody, as thick as the little
finger, covered with the withered bases of the petiole.
Leaves three to six inches long, spreading, membranous,
ovate or elliptic, rarely spathulate or obovate, contracted
into a very broad petiole of variable length, coarsely
crenate-toothed; nerves prominent, reticulate. Scapes
numerous, four to eight inches high, slender, bearing two
to six superposed whorls of three to six flowers, subtended
by an involucre of three or four bracts. Bracts a quarter of
an inch to an inchlong, sessile, ovate or lanceolate, acuminate,
toothed, usually three-nerved. Pedicels slender, spreading,
unequal. Calyx a quarter of an inch long, cleft nearly
to the base into five ovate acuminate membranous sepals,
which are spreading or recurved. Corolla golden yellow,
tube slender, one-third to one-half of an inch long, hairy;
limb half an inch in diameter, flat; lobes obcordate, quite
entire, mouth small. Anthers linear, sessile; style long or
short, stigma capitate. Oapsule globose, after dehiscence
conico-ovoid from a broad base, split to the base into five
membranous subacute valves. Seeds minute, angular,
black, granulate.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, pistil; 3, capsule and calyx; 4, seels :—all enlarged.
6778.
AB.del, JN Fitch ith.
L.Reeve & C° London
Tas. 6713.
SENECIO concoror.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. ComposiT“.—Tribe SENECIONIDEX.
Genus Sznxcio, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. J: Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 446.)
SENECIO concolor ; herbaceus, glaber v. sparse pubescens, radice perennante, caule
gracili superne ramoso angulato, foliis radicalibus caulinisque inferioribus
anguste oblanceolatis obtusis in petiolum angustatis subtus purpurascentibus
integerrimis v. sinuato-dentatis, superioribus sessilibus linearibus obtusis,
supremis ad dichotomias a basi lata lanceolatis acuminatis argute dentatis,
corymbis glanduloso-pubescentibus, pedicellis elongatis divaricatis, capitulis
radiatis 1 unc. latis, involucro subhemispherico pauci-calyculato glanduloso,
bracteis anguste linearibus acuminatis, fl. radii 10-12 ligula oblonga obtusa
purpurea, fl. disci albis antheris purpureis, acheniis puberulis.
8. concolor, DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p- 407, excel. var. 8; Harv. et Sond. Fil. Cap.
vol. iil. p. 363, in part; N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron. N.S. vol. xii. part 1,
p- 615 (sub S. speciosus), et vol. xx. p. 75.
This is a handsome South African species of Senecio
belonging to the group which includes 8. speciosus (Plate
6488). In Harvey and Sonder’s “ Flora Capensis,’’ these
two plants were confounded together, an error which
was detected by Mr. N. E. Brown, who well describes
the differences between them in the volumes of the
_“Gardener’s Chronicle” quoted above. At first sight they
reach the gorgeous S. pulcher (Plate 5959) of Temperate
South America, but that species differs widely in its yellow
_ disk-flowers, those of 8. concolor being white with purple
anthers, a fact which would militate against the adoption
of the specific name, were it not that the said colour of the
anthers being that of the rays just sufficiently justifies its
retention.
S. concolor is a native of the mountainous district of
_ Tulbaghe to the north-east of Capetown, where it was disco-
vered by the collector Dregé about fifty years ago ; and it has
Since been found by T. Cooper, when collecting for the late
Mr. Wilson Saunders. The specimen was raised from
SEPTEMBER Ist, 1883.
South African seed, which flowered in the Royal Gardens
in a cool frame in July of last year.
Duscr. Root perennial. Stem one to two feet high,
angular, and as well as the leaves sparsely pubescent,
corymbosely branched above. Radical leaves four to six
inches long, narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed into
a long or short petiole, quite entire or sinuate-toothed ;
upper leaves sessile, linear, obtuse, irregularly toothed ;
uppermost at the axils of the corymb, sessile and semi-
amplexicaul, lanceolate, acuminate, toothed. Heads many,
long-pedicelled, in a lax open corymb, about one inch in
diameter, pedicels spreading and involucres glandular-
pubescent. Involucre hemispherical, calyculate by a few
subulate bracts at the base ; receptacle convex. lowers
of the ray ten to twelve ; rays distant, linear oblong, obtuse,
purple; flowers of the disk not numerous, white, with
purple anthers. Achenes striate, puberulous.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Involucre with bracts removed ; 2, ray-flower ; 3, its style arms; 4, disk-
flower ; 5, stamens; 6, pappus-hair; 7, achene and flower :—all enlarged.
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; SALVIA. poxntvrana.
Native of Bolivia.
Nat. Ord. Lasrarz.—Tribe MonarpeEx.
Genus Satvia, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1194.)
Satvra (Calosphace) boliviana ; erecta, suffruticosa, cano-puberula, foliis ovato-
a cordatis petiolatis rugulosis crenulatis, supra glabris, racemis pyramidatim
NEN, paniculatis densifloris glanduloso-puberulis, verticillastris multifloris, calycis
Nene purpureo-virescentis labio superiore ovato acuto, inferiore equilongo bicuspidato,
corolla coccinea calyce quadruplo longiore glaberrima, labio superiore brevi
ae porrecto obtuso concavo, inferiore vix duplo-majore breviter 3-lobo, lobis
rotundatis.
Pe a, 8. boliviana, Planch. in Flore des Serres, t. 1148.
Under Plate 5947, the name Salvia boliviana will be
found cited as a synonym of S. rubescens, Humb., Bonpl.,
and Kunth, a native of almost the same country, and so
near an ally that, in the absence of specimens, the two
Species may well be confounded, if indeed they really differ
Messrs. Henderson, however, show that there are decided
differences between them, as may be seen by a comparison
of the plates. In habit, stature, foliage and pubescence,
they are strikingly alike, as they are in the general
characters of the inflorescence and structure and colour of
_ the flowers; but the panicles of S. boliviana are much
denser-flowered, the calyces larger with longer lips, and
_ the corolla twice as long and straighter, with a smaller
lower lip. Itis for the size and number of the flowers
much the handsomer plant, and indeed few species of the
Splendid genus to which it belongs can vie with it in the
size, colour, and beauty of the inflorescence, though for
size of flower it is far surpassed by S. longiflora, R. and P.,
the red corollas of which are four to five inches long: it is
-& native of the Bolivian Andes at elevations of 10,000 to
OCTOBER Ist, 1883. :
- Specifically. Beautiful specimens of 8. boliviana, sent by —
12,000 feet. S. boliviana was introduced by Van Houtte,
and raised from seed collected by Waresewicz, presumably
in Bolivia; but this, according to Planchon, who published
it in 1856, is not certain. ve
- Desor. A branched undershrub, sparingly hoary on the
stem petioles and leaves beneath, glandular-pubescent on
the inflorescence. Leaves three to six inches long, ovate-
cordate, acute, wrinkled, crenulate; petiole slender, one to
three inches long. Panicle subsessile, two feet high,
branched ; branches densely clothed with crowded whorls
of flovers. Flowers many in a whorl, pedicelled, suberect ;
pedicel shorter than the calyx. Calyx three-quarters of an
inch long, between funnel- and bell-shaped, dull purple or
green and purple, base acute, tube deeply grooved and
strongly nerved ; lips one-third as long as the tube, recurved,
broadly ovate, upper entire acute, lower with two small
subulate teeth. Corolla four times as long as the calyx,
tubular, slightly curved, glabrous, bright scarlet; upper
lip very small, concave, obtuse, horizontal; lower about
twice as long, broad, shortly three-lobed, lobes rounded.
Stamens with one anther-cell slightly exserted, filaments a
_ very short; arms of the connective much longer than the
filament, quite straight; barren arm rather shorter than — : |
the other; staminodes two, minute, capitellate. Style very
slender, bearded below the tip.—J. D. H. |
_Fig. 1, Portion of corolla, stamens, and staminodes; 2, anthers; 3, disk and
pistil :—all enlarged. .
M.S. del, J.N-Fith kth.
L-Reeve &-C° London,
Vincent Brooks, Day & Son imp.
Tas. 6715.
DENDROBIUM CARINIFERUM, var. Wattti.
Native of Munipore.
Nat. Ord. OrcuipEx.~-Tribe EPIDENDRER.
Genus Denprozium, Sw.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 498.)
DENpronium cariniferum ; caulibus fasciculatis elongatis, internodiis 1-1}-polli-
caribus cylindraceis, foliis alternis lineari-oblongis planiusculis apicibus minute
2-dentatis, vaginis supremis plus minus nigro-hirsutulis, floribus apices versus
caulis aphylli solitariis v. 2-nis brevissime edicellatis 2-poll. diametr. albis,
sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis tateralibus subfalcatis, petalis equilongis
latioribus ellipticis, labello albo striis flavis v. subcinnabarinis cuneato-flabellato,
lobis lateralibus obtusangulis intermedio parvo obovato crispulo venis incrassatis
papillosis, calcare fere recto robusto obtuso, columna recta apice tridentata,
dentibus lateralibus ovatis dorsali longiore angustiore.
Dz cariniferum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 611.
Var. Wattii; foliis angustioribus, vaginis fere glaberrimis, floribus majoribus,
__ labello flavo fasciato lobo medio longiore oblongo apice 2-lobo.
Dendrobium cariniferum is very nearly allied to the well-
known D. longicornu, Lindl., one of the commonest Indian
Species, remarkable along with, some allies for the short
stiff black hairs on the leaf-sheaths ; nor should I be sur-
rised if these two species were found to be connected
Y 4 series of varieties. As it is, however, the form of the
Perianth is too different to justify D. cariniferum being
regarded as a variety. Dr. Reichenbach mentions D.
-Xanthophlebium, Lindl., and D. Williamsoni, Day and
Rehb., as comparable with it. .
D. cariniferum is a native of Burma, whence we have
Sowers collected at Bhamo, a district not far to the east-
Ward of Munipore, where the subject of the present plate
Was procured, and which I think can only be regarded as
® variety of the plant originally described by Reichenbach.
It differs in the larger flowers, rather longer spur, the
yellow bands on the lip, and the longer narrow mid-lobe of
the latter, and the faintly hairy sheaths. The specimen
‘Sured came with a collection of orchids from Dr, Watt,
“OCTOBER Isr, 1883.
F.L.S., of the Education department of India, whilst
attached to a mission engaged on the boundary survey of
the kingdom of Munipore, on the eastern frontier of British
India, a country previously quite unknown botanically. It
flowered in October, 1882, soon after arrival.
Drsor. Stems tufted, a foot and upwards long, rather
slender; internodes one to one and a half inch long,
cylindric, grooved when dry. Sheaths as long as the
internodes, very sparsely clothed with a short furfuraceous
black pubescence. Leaves alternate, three inches long,
narrowly oblong, dull green, nearly flat, tip minutely
notched; blade sessile on the sheath. lowers shortly
pedicelled towards the ends of leafless stems, single or in
pairs, two inches in diameter, pure white with golden
streaks on the lip. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
spreading. Petals as long as the sepals, rather broader,
elliptic, acute. Lip as long as the petals, convolute,
cuneate when spread open with rounded rather crisped
lateral lobes, and an oblong two-lobed small narrow mid-
lobe ; veins papillose ; spur three-quarters of an inch long,
straight, stout, obtuse, greenish at the tip. Column stout,
tip three-fid, lateral teeth ovate acute, dorsal narrower
and longer. Anthers puberulous.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Column ; 2, front view of apex of ditto; 3, anther-case; 4, undeveloped
pollinia :—all enlarged,
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Tas. 6716.
KNIPHOFIA Letcurnintt.
Native of Abyssinia.
Nat. Ord. Lintacrm.—Tribe HEMEROCALLER.
_ Genus KnrpHoria, Moench; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 775.)
Kytrnorta Leichtlinii; acaulis, foliis 4-pedalibus patulis linearibus subtriquetris
obtuse carinatis longe attenuatis lzete viridibus non glaucescentibus, marginibus
levibus, scapo tereti fusco-viridi sesquipedali, floribus pendulis in spicam
-densain cylindraceam obtusam confertis, pedicellis 0, bracteis parvis ovato-
lanceolatis scariosis, perianthio 3-pollicari pallide aureo-miniato elongato-
campanulato ore breviter obtuse 6-lobo, tubo supra ovarium vix constricto,
genitalibus perianthio paullo longioribus.
K. Leichtlinii, Baker MSS.
_ The genus Kniphofia has attained a prominent place in
gardens since the introduction in 1707 of the first species,
K. Uvaria (see Plate 758, 4816, 6553), and the little
XK. pumila (Plate 764), introduced in 1774; and it now
numbers upwards of sixteen species, whilst its geographical
limits, which were for long supposed to be confined to
South Africa, have been extended far to the north of the
tropic in Abyssinia. It cannot be said that the genus has
grown in beauty as it has in extent, for none of the species
hitherto cultivated at all compares with the old K. Uvaria
In size, colour, freedom of growth, or hardiness. _
KK. Leichtlinii is a native of Abyssinia, where it was dis-
overed, and roots sent to the garden of the Grand Duke
f Baden-Baden by the well-known traveller Schimper.
The specimen here figured flowered in the Royal Gardens
in September, 1881, from a plant presented by that
admirable cultivator, Herr Max Leichtlin, of Baden-Baden.
As a species it is perhaps nearest to the South African
K: pumila, —
Dnscr. Stem none; crown of leaves at the base one to
oe and a half inch in diameter. Leaves four feet long,
Spreading all round, about three-quarters of an inch in
“OcToRER Ist, 1883,
diameter at one-third distance above the base, dilating at
the base into a broad membranous sheath, and gradually
narrowed to the tip; triquetrous, not deeply or sharply
keeled, bright green, not at all glaucous, margins quite
entire. Scape three to four feet high, naked, or with an
occasional linear scarious or membranous bracteal leaf
sometimes four to five inches long, dull green, minutely
speckled with red, giving it a brown look. Spike three to
four inches long, by one and a half to two inches in
diameter, quite cylindric and obtuse ; flowers quite sessile,
pendulous; bracts a quarter of an inch long, ovate, acute,
with long points, membranous, deflexed. Perianth three-
quarters of an inch long, narrowly bell-shaped, slightly
contracted above the base, dull pale vermilion red and
yellow; mouth shortly broadly four-lobed, lobes obtuse
erect. Stamens shortly exserted, for not more than twice
the length of the perianth-lobes; anthers shortly oblong.
Style rather longer than the stamens, stigma minute.—
JDO:
Fig. 1, Section of leaf; 2, flower; 3 and 4, anthers; 5, pistil; 6, transverse
section of ovary :—all enlarged.
6777.
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GLYPHOSPERMA Pataurr,
Native of Northern Mexico.
Nat. Ord. Linracrm.—tTribe ASPHODELER,
Genus GiyrHosrrerma, S. Watson in Proc. Amer, Acad. vol. xviii. p. 164.
GuyrHosPprrma Palmeri ; glaberrima, caule gracili
gramineis fistulosis basi longe membranaceo-vaginatis, racemis laxifloris,
pedicellis erecto-patentibus, perianthii segmentis oblongis obtusis albis nervo
medio dilatato fusco-viridi, filamentis exterioribus brevibus basi in appendicem
membranaceam late oblongam fimbriatam dilatatis, interioribus longioribus
appendice angustiore, stigmate magno 3-globoso, capsula subglobosa, seminibus
3-gonis faciebus subrugoso-undulatis.
G. Palmeri, §. Wats. 1. e.
parce ramoso, foliis elongatis
ceaneormeeeree ee enaEa
A very singular hardy plant, the type of a new genus,
- deseribed after the publication of the last volume of the
“Genera Plantarum,” in which it would otherwise have
_ been included. Its position in the great natural order of
Liliacee is in the subtribe Anthericew of the tribe Aspho-
- delew, and it will stand next to Anthericum itself, to which
Indeed it seems to be very closely allied, differing chiefly
in the structure of the filament.
_ Glyphosperma was discovered by Dr. HE. Palmer, one of
the most enterprising and successful botanical explorers of
the North American continent, in sandy valleys at the
town of Saltillo, in Cohuila (a province of Mexico), during
oe journey in South-Western Texas and Northern Mexico.
eeds received from the Botanical Gardens of Cambridge
University, Massachusetts, were raised at Kew in 1881,"
and flowered in February, 1882. It is not an attractive
lant, but as a near relative of the European Anthericum
has a special botanical interest. In the description of
the flowers given in the American journal, these are said
0 be of a light salmon colour; as cultivated at Kew they
are nearly white. ?
Desor. Root of fascicled fleshy fibres. Leaves twelve to
OCTOBER Ist, 1883.
eighteen inches long, by one-sixth to a quarter of an inch
broad, slender, soft and grass-like, concave im front,
convex on the back, hollow, bright green, base rather
broader with sheathing membranous margins. Stem
eighteen to twenty-four inches high, slender, erect,
sparingly paniculately branched, naked below; branches
long, slender, suberect, with membranous ovate bracts
a quarter to half an inch long at the forks and bases of the
pedicels. Racemes slender ; flowers very remote; pedicels
rather longer than the bracts, slender. Perianth three-—
quarters of an inch in diameter, cleft to the base into’
oblong obtuse white spreading segments with a broad
central greenish-brown nerve, the outer segments rather
the narrower. Stamens much shorter than the perianth;
outer the shortest, suddenly dilated at the base into a
broadly oblong fimbriated membranous appendage; inner
(both appendage and filament) longer; anthers short,
oblong, attachment dorsal, versatile, slits introrse. Ovary
globose, sessile, three-celled ; style slender, equalling the
stamens, deciduous; stigma large, capitate, three-lobed ;
ovules two in each cell, pendulous. Capsule nearly globose,
three-angled, membranous, loculicidal, cells one- to two-
seeded. Seeds triquetrous, dark, sides and back subrugosely
pitted.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Stamens and ovary; 2, longer and, 3 and 4, shorter stamens ; 5, ovary;
6, transverse section of ditto; 7, capsule; 8 and 9, seeds :—all enlarged.
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ASTER DIPLOSTEPHIOIDES.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Compositz.—Tribe ASTEROIDEX.
Genus AstrrR, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 271.)
Aster (Alpigenia) diplostephioides ; glanduloso-pubescens v. -tomentosa, v. -villosa,
a an . rhizomate robusto, caule simplici erecto robusto folioso l-cephalo, foliis
Mager radicalibus oblongo- vy. obovato-oblongis v. oblanceolatis acutis in petiolum
ae * angustatis caulinis sessilibus linearibus oblongo-linearibus obovato-ob ongisve,
at capitulo 2-3-poll. diam., involucri bracteis lanceolatis exterioribus interdam
en foliaceti: ligulis purpureis elongatis 2-seriatis, acheniis oblongis compressis
oe, _-erostatis sericeis, pappi setis sordidis extimis brevibus rigidis.
fa A. diplostephioides, Benth. in Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 272; Clarke Comp. Ind, p. 45;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. ii. p. 251. :
Hetzrocuxra diplostephioides, DC. Prodr. vol. v. p- 282.
Dirtoparrvs diplostephioides, Herb. Ind. Or. Hook. J- vol. v. p. 7, in part.
This is the handsomest and one of the commonest of the
Alpine Composite of the Himalaya, abounding in moist
Situations at various points along the southern face of the
range from Kashmir to Sikkim, at elevations of 8000 to
11,000 feet in the north-west, but ascending to 16,000 feet
in Sikkim. Like its congeners, it varies a good deal in
hairyness, breadth and length of its leaves, and size of head,
ut it is otherwise a remarkably constant Species. Its
_hearest ally is the A. Heterocheta, Benth., which is the
_ Himalayan representative of the European and North Asian
— A, alpinus. Many of the heads contain ray-flowers with
Imperfect stamens, and some with a second ligule smaller
than and opposite to the normal one (see fig. 3), the corolla
_ thus becoming bilabiate.
___ the specimens here figured were raised from seed
gathered in Sikkim by H. Elwes, Esq., and presented by
him to the Royal Gardens. They flowered profusely in
ay and June, quite equalling the finest specimens from
their native country. Dr. Aitchison, who sends dried
OCTOBER Ist, 1883.
specimens from Kashmir, states in a note that the roots are
extensively used in that country in washing clothes.
Dzscr. Whole plant softly glandular-pubescent or tomen-
tose or even villous. ootstock stout, short and erect, or
elongate prostrate and covered with the fibrous remains of
old leaves. Stem solitary, simple, stout, six to eighteen
inches high, leafy. Hadical leaves two to four inches long,
very variable in breadth, from obovate to oblanceolate,
acute, quite entire, narrowed into a long or short petiole;
cauline two to three inches long, sessile and semiamplexi-
caul, linear-oblong, acute. Head solitary, inclined, two to
three inches in diameter. IJnvolucre broadly hemispherical ;
bracts lanceolate, herbaceous, outer subfoliaceous, all
appressed. Receptacle convex. Ray-flowers very numerous,
in about two series, tube very short; ligule slender, one
inch long, pale bright-purple, tip obscurely toothed. Disk-
flowers small, with purple heads before expanding. Achenes
one-eighth of an inch long, oblong, flattened, not ribbed
or winged, obtuse, silky; pappus-hairs short, dirty white,
rigid, scabrid, outer very short rigid.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Vertical section of involucre and receptacle ; 2, ray-flower; 3, another
with imperfect stamens and a second ligule ; 4, style-arms of ditto; 5, disk-flower ;
6, stamens of ditto; 7,style-arms of ditto; 8, achene and pappus; 9, hair of pappus:
—all enlarged.
6719.
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L.Reeve & C® London
Tas. 6719.
JASMINUM rtoripum.
Native of Japan and China.
Nat. Ord. OLEAcER.—Tribe JaAsMINER.
Genus Jasminum, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 674.)
JasMInuM floridum; fruticosum, suberectum, glaberrimum, ramulis angulatis,
foliis 3-foliolatis pinnatisve foliolis acuminatis y. apiculatis coriaceis enerviis
marginibus obscure scaberulis costa valida, foliolo terminali ovato: paulo majore,
lateralibus ellipticis v. rarius obovatis sessilibus v. subpetiolulatis, cymis sub-
erectis paucifloris, floribus pedicellatis, calycis glaberrimi lobis tubo 5-costato
equilongis setaceis, corolle auree tubo calyce 4-plo longiore, limbi lobis 5
ovatis subacutis.
J. floridum, Bunge Enum, Pl. Chin. p. 42; DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 313 ; Miquel
Prolus. Fl. Jap. pp, 151,559; Franch. et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. vol. i. p. 314.
J. Subulatum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1842, Append. n.58; DC. 7. ce. p. 312.
This yellow-flowered Jasmine belongs to a group of
Asiatic forms of which G. humile, Linn., is the type, the
latter a plant to which many supposed Indian species have
been referred by Clarke in the “ Flora of British India”
(vol. iii. p. 602). It differs from that plant (see Plate 1731)
in the rarely pinnate leaves, smaller flowers, and slender
calyx-teeth. It was discovered by Bunge during his
journey to China, and published by him in 1831; but his
description seems to have been overlooked by Lindley, who
gave a curt diagnosis of it in the Appendix to the Botanical
Register in 1842 under the name of J. subulatum. The
plant was introduced from China by the Hon. W. Fox
Strangways, afterwards Earl of Ilchester, an ardent
horticulturist, whose garden at Abbotsbury in Dorset-.
shire was famous for its collection of rare and interesting
plants. Besides authentic specimens collected by Bunge
himself, there are other North China ones in the Kew
- Herbarium from Fortune and Bretschneider, and Japanese
ones from the Herbarium of Leyden.
J. subulatum grows freely on a south wall at Kew,
without protection, and flowers in July.
OCTOBER Ist, 1883,
Descr. <A glabrous shrub, erect, or with flexuous
branches and hence probably also scandent, wood brittle ;
branches green, angular. Leaves alternate, pinnately three-
foliolate, rarely pinnate with two pairs of leaflets besides
the terminal; leaflets one to one and a half inch long,
coriaceous, nerveless, except for the stout midrib, margins
smooth or minutely scabrid; lateral leaflets elliptic or
rarely obovate or ovate, acute or apiculate ; terminal larger,
more ovate and acuminate; petiole stout, one-half to three-
quarters of an inch long. Cymes terminal, suberect, simple
or irregularly panicled ; pedicels slender, variable in length,
one-half to one inch long. Calyza quarter of an inch long,
turbinate, five-angled ; lobes subulate, as long as the tube.
Corolla golden yellow, tube four times as long as the calyx;
limb one-half to three-quarters of an inch in diameter ;
Segments spreading, ovate, acute. Stamens included, ©
filaments very short; anthers lanceolate, acuminate. Stigma
notched.—J. D. H,
Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, stamens ; 3, stigma; 4, tranverse section
of ovary :—all enlarged.
6720.
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Tas. 6720,
SARMIENTA repens.
Native of Chili.
Nat. Ord. GesnERACER.—Tribe CYRTANDRER.
Genus Sarmienta, Ruiz et Pav.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1012.)
SarMrenta repens; fruticulus gracilis, prostratus v. scandens, glaberrimus, caule
tenui repente, foliis parvulis oppositis carnosis brevissime petiolatis - ovatis
ellipticis rotundatisve obtusis integerrimis v. paucidentatis, floribus axillaribus
solitariis gracile pedunculatis coccineis.
8S. repens, Ruiz et Pav. Prodr. 4; Fl. Per. et Chil. vol. i. p. 8, t. 7; Lamk.
LEneycl. 904; Mart. Nov. Gen. vol. iii. p. 66, t. 219, f.2; Gay Fl. Chil.
vol. iv. p. 350; Hanst. in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 480; Fl. des Serres, t. 1646;
Flor, Mag. vol. ii. t. 112.
Urcrotanta, Fruillé, vol. iii., Hist. Pl. Med. p. 69, t. 43.
U. curtensis, Rem. et Sch. Syst. Veg. vol. i. p. 77.
_. The Flora of the western parts of Chili contains not a
few subscandent or scandent forest-loving plants with
scarlet, flowers, as Lapageria rosea (Plate 4447), Philesia
buxifolia (Plate 4738), Berberidopsis corallina (Plate 5343),
and Mitraria coccinea (Plate 4462); a fact that may one
day no doubt be correlated with some other which will
account for it;—possibly the presence or abundance of
certain forestral insects whose operations may be necessary
_ for the fertilization of the plants, and which are attracted
by the brilliancy of the colouring of these flowers. Again,
all these have pendulous flowers, a peculiarity which they
share with the species of another scarlet-flowered genus
of the same region, the Fuchsias, and with Tricuspidaria
(Crinodendron), a beautiful shrub belonging to Tiliacee,
_. which, though introduced into Europe, has not yet been
figured from cultivated specimens.
Sarmienta is a monotypic genus, and very closely allied
to another also monotypic and Chilian one, the above-
mentioned Mitraria coccinea, which has larger flowers of a
somewhat similar form; it inhabits the southern provinces
NOVEMBER lst, 1883.
of the Mainland from Concepcion southward, and the Island
of Chiloe, which is its southern limit. It was introduced into
cultivation by Messrs. Veitch, and thrives in a cool damp
conservatory amongst moss and stones or stumps of trees,
or with a little care it may be trained to form a beautiful
basket plant, flowering in the summer months. :
Desor. Stem very slender, flexuous, two to four feet
long, sparingly branched, ascending mossy tree-trunks or
straggling over the ground; branches as thick as twine,
brittle, rooting at the nodes, red brown, very sparsely hairy.
Leaves one-half to three-fourths of an inch long, opposite,
subsessile, bifarious, ovate, broadly elliptic or orbicular,
obtuse, rather fleshy, quite entire or with a few shallow
crenatures, margins recurved, nerves obscure, upper surface
dark green glabrous opaque, lower pale punctulate.
Peduncles solitary or in opposite axils, filiform, one-half to
one and a half inch long, glabrous, one-flowered. Flowers
pendulous, scarlet. Sepals five, one-eighth of an inch long,
narrow, linear, or lanceolate, obtuse, bristly with white
hairs. Corolla three-quarters to one inch long; tube elon-
gate, ventricose, constricted at the throat and suddenly at
the base into a very narrow cylinder, obscurely pubescent ;
limb oblique, lobes much shorter than the tube, rounded,
spreading. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla,
filaments slender, free, two posterior with perfect anthers
far exserted; two anterior filiform with clavate fips or
minute anthers; fifth a very short staminode; anthers
shortly oblong, free ; cells parallel, distinct. Disk obsolete.
Ovary superior, attached by a broad base; style capillary,
exserted, stigma small, simple.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Peduncle, calyx, and ovary; 2, base of corolla laid open, showing the
shorter stamens and staminode ; 3, front, and 4, back view of anthers of longer
stamens :—~all enlarged,
6727.
TLELON1.
1OT ~
,
+
2
LReeve
Taz, 6721.
RHAMNUS uipanotica.
Native of Asia Minor and Syria.
Nat. Ord. Roamnacex.—Tribe RaamMynez.
Genus Ruamnus, Linn. ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 877.)
Raamnvus (Eurhamnus) libanotica ; frutex robustus, ramis crassis erectis v. basi
procumbentibus, foliis breviter petiolatis a basi rotundata subcordatave oblongis
ovatisve v. fere rotundatis, obtuse acuminatis acutatisve creberrime denticulatis
demum late brunneis, junioribus utrinque flavido-tomentellis, venis penni-
formibus utrinque 12-15 validis arcuatis, floribus dioicis parvulis in cymas
breves puberulas paucifloras dispositis, drupa hirtula calycis limbo (lobis
caducis) basi cincta, seminibus obtuse trigonis rima hiante per totam longi-
tudinem percursa, :
R. libanotica, Boiss, Diagn. Ser. 1, vol. ii. p. 119; Fl. Orient. vol. ii. p. 19.
_ R. imeretie, Hort., and R. castaneifolia, Hort.
This is the Oriental representative of the South European
Alpine Buckthorn, Rhamnus alpinus, a native of the Alps
from Spain to Gallicia, and of Morocco and Algeria, and I
am disposed to think a mere variety of that plant; indeed
Boissier, its author, mentions its close alliance to the western
Alpine Buckthorn, giving as its diagnostic characters its
being more pubescent and having the groove of the seed
(which I haye not seen) carried almost up to the top of
that organ, instead of commencing below it. A better
character might be found in the beautifully bronze colour
of the old leaves, which characterizes the Kew cultivated
Specimens, but which is probably not constant; for I do
not remember having remarked it on the wild plant when
I gathered it on the Lebanon in 1860. Other hardly dis-
tinguishable forms are R. Sibthorpiana, DC., and h. fallax,
Boiss., both of the Greek mountains, and R. cornifolia, of
Kurdistan and Persia. :
R. libanotica is a native of the Lebanon and Antilebanon,
in the former of which it attains an elevation of 9000 feet ;
it also inhabits the mountains of Pamphilia and the Cilician
NOVEMBER Ist, 1883.
Taurus. It is perfectly hardy at Kew, and flowers in the
month of June. The garden synonyms of R. imeretie and
&. castaneifolia I have taken on the authority of Lavallée’s
valuable ‘* Hortus Segrezianus,” confirmed as to the former
by the fact that the Kew specimens (here figured) came
from Messrs. Booth of Hamburg in 1876 as R. imeretie.
It is a female plant, now in bud, nearly six feet high, and
has in late autumn a very handsome appearance.
Descr. A ramous bush, four to six feet high; branches
erect or spreading, or the lower procumbent, stout, leafy,
young shoots puberulous. Leaves two to nine inches long,
shortly stoutly petioled, oblong ovate or almost orbicular,
bright green above, bronzed beneath, acute or suddenly
contracted at the tip into a short blunt point, coriaceous;
base rounded or subcordate; margin finely denticulate ;
nerves twelve to fifteen pair, stout, slightly curved; young
leaves softly pubescent on both surfaces ; petiole one-fourth
to one-third of an inch long. Flowers in small axillary
cymes, dicecious ; branches of cymes and calyces puberulous.
Mate FLower broadly funnel-shaped. Calyz-lobes ovate,
acute. Petals bifid, irregularly toothed, rather shorter than
the stamens. Ferman FLoweR more campanulate than the
male, apetalous. Calyz-lobes as in the male. Staminodes
subulate. Ovary globose ; stigmas exserted.—J. D. H.
Fig, 1, Male flower (from Herbarium s ecimens); 2, petal and stamen of ditto;
3, female flower; 4, the same laid open pul sable. . :
ESS
; rere, ae
HTD. del JN-Fitch kth. Vnicent Brooks Day & Son Imp
L.-Reeve & C° Lendon
Tas. 6722,
TRITONIA Porrst.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. [r1pEm.—Tribe Ixrez.
Genus Tritonia, Ker; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 708.)
Tarronra (Montbretia) Pottsii ; rhizomate longe repente bulbos globosos segregatos
gerente, foliis 5—6 distichis linearibus viridibus, inferioribus basalibus pedalibus
vel sesquipedalibus, reliqnis caulinis reductis segregatis, caule 3—4-pedali,
paniculz laxe ramis spicatis ascendentibus multifloris, spathe valvis parvis
membranaceis, perianthii crocei infundibularis segmentis oblongis tubo duplo
brevioribus, staminibus inclusis, styli ramis brevibus cuneatis, fructu ovoideo
obtuse angulato.
T. Pottsii, Benth. in Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 708.
Montbretia Pottsii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, vol. viii. p. 424; Belg. Hort.
1878, p. 90; Garden, 1880, p. 84, with coloured plate; Gard. Chron. 1880,
vol. ii. p. 525.
Guapiotvus Pottsii, Macnab in Hort. Edinen.
This is one of the most interesting and valuable new
bulbous plants that have been introduced of late years.
It was brought into the Edinburgh Botanic Garden several
years ago by Mr. G. H. Potts, of Lasswade, after whom it
was named by the late Mr. Macnab, who distributed it
freely. We do not know from what district in South Africa
_ it came, and have never received at Kew any wild specimens.
It flowers in August, and as it dies down to the ground
in winter, it can easily be given all the protection it needs,
and is practically hardy in our English climate. As one
plant will produce fifty or a hundred flowers, and it will go
on flowering for a month, it is a fine acquisition to our
stock of bright-flowered hardy bulbs. Recently it has
been hybridized by Monsieur Victor Lemoine, of: Nancy,
with its near ally Tritonia (Crocosma) aurea, figured Bot.
Mag. tab. 4335, and a third fine plant is the result, which
has been figured in the Belgique Horticole for 1881, tab. 14,
under the name of Monibretia crocosmeflora. Our present
plate was drawn from a plant that flowered at Kew in the
summer of 1881.
NOVEMEER lst, 1883.
Descr. Bulbs globose, connected by a long thread-like
rhizome. (A detailed account of their organization will be
found in the paper in the Gardener’s Chronicle above cited.)
Stems slender, erect, three or four feet long including the
inflorescence, which reaches almost half-way down. Leaves
about four in a distichous rosette at the base of the stem,
linear, green, moderately firm in texture, a foot or a foot
and a half long. Peduncle furnished with two or three
leaves, similar to the others, but smaller. Panicle a foot or
a foot and a half long, composed of three to five ascending
branches, bearing twelve to twenty flowers each; spathe of
two small membranous valves, the outer lanceolate, the
inner oblong, entire or obscurely emarginate at the tip.
Perianth infundibuliform, bright deep yellow, more or less
‘flushed on the outside with red, about an inch long, the
oblong segments half as long as the tube. Stamens con-
tiguous, inserted half-way up the perianth-tube, with anther
and filament of about equal length. Style with three short
cuneate branches. Capsule ovoid, obtusely angled, many-
seeded.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, A flower cut open, life-size; 2, vertical section of ovary; enlarged ;
3, capsule, life-size,
Vincent Brocks Day & Son Imp
“+
LReeve & C2 London. ;
“HED del INF ith,
Tas. 6723,
AN GRACUM ScorrraNumM.
Native of the Comoro Islands,
Nat. Ord. Orcu1pEm.—Tribe VanDEx.
Genus Ancrxcum, Thouars; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 583.)
Anerzcum (Euangrecum) Scottianum ; caulibus teretibus elongatis radicantibus,
foliis elongatis subdistichis recurvis semi-cylindricis subacutis facie sulcatis,
pedunculo 1-2-floro, floribus albis, sepalis petalisque consimilibus linearibus
acutis, labello magno quadrato latiore quam longo antice retuso medio abrupte
mucronato basi utrinque sulco semi-lunari notato dorso basi in calcar 4-poll.
flexuosum flavo-brunneum producto, columna brevissima, polliniorum stipite
oblongo-quadrato integro marginibus incurvis.
A. Scottianum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1878, vol. x. part 2, p. 557, et 1881,
vol. xiv, part 2, p. 136, £. 30; Fl. Mag. WV. 8S. t. 421.
A remarkable species, allied to A. eburneum in flower,
but very different in foliage, which, though resembling that
of species of several genera of Orchidea, is quite unlike that
of any other Angraecum. It is one of the many novelties
for which Horticulturists are indebted to Sir John Kirk,
who procured it from Johanna, one of the Comoro Islands,
in 1878, and sent a sketch of the flower to Kew from a
plant which flowered in his garden at Zanzibar. The flowers
probably vary a good deal in colour, for Sir John, in his
notes, describes the sepals as pale green, and the lip as
having two yellow spots at its base.
The species was named after Mr. R. Scott, of Cleveland,
Walthamstow, with whom the plant flowered in 1879. Our
drawing was made from specimens sent to the Royal
- Gardens by Sir John Kirk, which flowered at Kew in July,
1880.
Drsor. Stem one to two feet long, a fourth to a third of
an inch in diameter, cylindric, terete, rigid, dark green,
clothed with brown sheaths below, scandent by roots at
the internodes. Leaves three to four inches long, sub-
distichous, spreading and recurved, shortly sheathing at
NOVEMBER Ist, 1883.
the base, semi-cylindrical, subacute, dark green, under
surface rounded, upper shelving from the margin to the
deeply grooved mesial line, nerveless. Sheaths tubular,
terete, appressed, mouth oblique. Flowers solitary or few
on an axillary peduncle one to four inches long; bracts
small, lanceolate, appressed ; pedicel and Ovary one inch
long. Sepals spreading, one to one and a quarter inch
long by one-fourth of an inch broad, linear, acute, very
pale straw-coloured or greenish, margins below the middle —
recurved. Petals rather smaller and narrower, acuminate,
contracted at the base, white. Lip very large, transversely
an oblong square with rounded angles, one and a half
inches broad by one long, retuse in front with a short
mucro, rather concave, surface even except two small
semi-lunar depressions at the very base radiating from the
base of the column; spur four to five inches long, pendulous,
flexuous, yellow-brown. Column very short, white, two-
winged anteriorly, wings rounded. ° Pollen-masses two,
sessile on the top of an oblong stipes with incurved margins.
—J. D. A,
Fig. 1, Flower of the natural size ; 2, column and section of base of spur;
8, column seen from the side; 4 and 5, back and front view of pollen-masses :—alt
enlarged,
Vincert Brooks Day & Son inp
Fitch lith
oF
a3
AN
aid
H.TD. de
L Reeve & C° London.
Tas. 6724.
ROSA atprna.
Native of the Alps and Pyrenees.
Nat. Ord. Rosacrm.—Tribe Roszx.
Genus Rosa, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 625.)
Rosa (Pimpinellifoliee) alpina ; fruticosa, erecta, ramis gracilibus inermibus inferne
aculeis tenuissimis sparsis instructis, foliis patentibus opacis, stipulis planis
cum petiolo et rachi glanduloso-ciliatis, foliolis 5-13 ellipticis ovatis v. oblongis
utrinque acutis v. acuminatis duplicato-serratis subtus cesiis, floribus sub-
solitariis roseis, pedunculis glanduloso-setosis, sepalis caudato-elongatis conni-
ventibus apicibus quandoque dilatatis serratis, petalis obcordatis concavis,
' disco obsoleto, stigmatum capitulo vix exserto, fructu obovoideo swpe elongato
rubro levi v. glanduloso-setoso.
R. alpina, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, vol. i. p. 703; Jacq. Fl, Aust. vol. iii. p. 43, t. 279 ;
DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 611; Hort. Kew. ed. 2, vol. iii. p. 265; Redouté Les
Roses, t. 113 ; Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 424.
R. alpina, var. vestita, Gren. et Godr. Flor. France, vol. i. p. 556.
R. inermis, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8, n. 6. ;
R. pyrenaica, Gowan Iii. vol. iii. t. 19; Desegl. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol. xv.
Pp 288, x)
This, which is one of the most elegant of the single
Roses, though introduced so long ago as 1683, is much less
cultivated than it deserves to be. Lindley, who calls it the
beautiful ornament of the Alps of Switzerland arid the
temperate latitudes of Europe, regards it as the type of a_
small group of species with little affinity to each other,
except in the circumstance of being almost universally
_ deprived of prickles. Seringe, in De Candolle’s Prodromus,
enumerates sixteen varieties of it, differing chiefly in the
amount of glandular hairs; and it is that called pyrenazca,
_ having the calyx and peduncles hispid, to which the form
here figured is referable. It has a multitude of synonyms.
Botanically it belongs to a section of the genus which con-
tains the Hedge and Scotch roses (R. sepium, BR. spino-
sissima, &c.), characterized by the connivent permanent
_ sepals, absence of disk in the flower, numerous leaflets, and
_ usually the absence of bracts.
_ NOVEMBER Is7, 1883.
The specimen from which the figure is taken was brought
by Mr. Thiselton Dyer from the Pyrenees in 1881. Itisa
very dwarf form, the R. pyrenaica of Gouan, with hispid
sepals and elongate fruit. It flowers in June and J uly.
Duscr. An almost unarmed shrub two to eight feet high,
suberect, or with a few very slender straight prickles low
down on the branches; branches suberect, slender, dark
green, glaucous. Leaves crowded, two to five inches long;
stipules large, flat, widened upwards, glabrous or gland-
ciliate, and slightly bristly ; petiole and rachis glandular ;
leaflets five to thirteen, opaque, elliptic or ovate, acuminate
at both ends, simply or doubly serrate, naked above,
glaucous beneath. Flowers two to two and a half inches
in diameter, solitary, suberect ; peduncle naked, bristly or
glandular-hairy ; calyx glabrous or glandular-bristly, tube
obovoid, very variable in length ; sepals very long, narrowly
lanceolate, points dilated and serrate or simple, erect in
fruit. Petals broadly obcordate, concave, pink or rose-red.
Disk none. Head of stigmas convex, slightly exserted.
Frwit one to one and a half inches long, obovoid, pyriform
or elongate, longer or shorter than the persistent sepals,
bright red.—J. D. H. |
Vincent, Brooks Day & Son Imp
HTD. del JN Fitch lith
LReeve & C° London
to twenty-five, sessile, not cirrhose at
Tas. 6725.
FRITILLARIA patuipirtora.
Native of Siberia.
Nat. Ord. Lit1acez.—Tribe TULIPEZ.
Genus Fritituaria, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 817.)
Frrrmrnarta (Monocodon) pallidiflora ; bulbo globoso subsquamoso, caule valido,
foliis multis ecirrhosis, infimis oppositis oblongis, reliquis alternis, superioribus
lanceolatis, floribus paucis pedunculatis cernuis, perianthio late cam anulato
pallide luteo segmentis late imbricatis oblongis vel obovato-oblongis ‘a faciem
punctis pluribus minutis rubro-purpureis decoratis et supra basin foveola
globosa viridula preeditis, genitalibus inclusis, antheris filamentis brevioribus,
stylo conspicue tricuspidato, fructu acute angulato.
F, pallidiflora, Schrenk Enum. Pl. Nov. part 1, p. 5; Kunth Enum, vol. iv.
p. 251; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. vol. iv. p. 148; Regel Gartenjfl. vol. vi. (1857),
p. 329, t. 209; FU. Turkest. vol. i. p. 146; Rev. Hort, 1880, p. 215.
This is a very distinct species of Fritillary. It inhabits
the mountains of Southern Siberia, where it reaches an
elevation of 8000 or 9000 feet above sea-level, so that it is
quite hardy in England. It is allied to F. Meleagris and
F. pyrenaica, but the leaves are more numerous and broader,
and the flowers larger. In the wild state they are creamy
yellow, with a few minute reddish-purple spots on the face ;
but, as in many other species, they become greener in our
insular climate. Our Plate was drawn from a plant grown
in the herbaceous ground at Kew, from bulbs furnished by
Dr. Recel, We have also received it from Mr. Elwes and
Dr. Masters. It flowers in April. oe
Dzsor. Bulb globose, half an inch or an inch in diameter, —
subsquamose. Stems stout, erect, varying 10 length from
six to fifteen inches. Leaves varying in number from eight
the tip, firm in
texture, glaucous-green, two or three inches long, lowest —
oblong, opposite, the rest alternate, the upper ones lanceo-
late. - Flowers one to six, produced from the axils of the
upper leaves on cernuous peduncles. Perianth broadly
NOVEMBER Ist, 1883.
campanulate, about an inch and a half long, truncate at
the base, cream-white, tinged with green on the outside,
dotted over with minute reddish-purple spots inside;
Segments oblong or obovate-oblong, each furnished with a
small roundish green glutinous foveole at the bend above
the claw. Stamens much shorter than the perianth ; fila-
ments linear, glabrous; anthers linear-oblong. Ovary
clavate, half an inch long; style deeply tricuspidate.
Capsule obovoid, with six winged angles.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Segment of perianth 3 2, a pair of stamens, both life-size.
6726.
M.S. del JN Fitch hth Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp.
: sae: * :
J. Reeve & C2 London.
Tas. 6726.
EREMURUS rosustus.
Native of Central Asia.
Nat. Ord. Litracem.—Tribe ASPHODELER.
Genus Eremurvs, M. B.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 787.)
Eremurvus (Henningia) rodustus; fibris radicalibus crassis cylindricis, foliis
basalibus pluribus rosulatis ensiformibus bipedalibus glabris flaccidis, scapo
valido tereti 2-3-pedali, racemo densiusculo 2-3-pedali, pedicellis solitariis
erecto-patentibus apice articulatis, bracteis parvis linearibus membranaceis,
perianthii campanulati rubelli segmentis oblongis nervo singulo perspicuo
rubro-brunneo vittatis, filamentis filiformibus perianthio «quilongis, antheris
lineari-oblongis cito contortis, ovario globoso, stylo elongato decurvato.
E. robustus, Regel in Gartenflora, vol. xxii. (1873), p. 257, t.769; Fl. Turkest.
vol. i. p. 125; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xv. p. 284.
_ Hewnrnara robusta, Regel Enum. Pl. Semenow, p. 134, no. 1092.
Semenow, growing at a height
one of whose original specim
found it at a height of 10,000 feet in Turkestan, and soon
The genus Hremurus, in which Henningia and Ammolirion
are now included by common consent, is closely allied to
= Asphodelus. Upwards of twenty species are now known, |
which are concentrated in the dry regions of Central Asia,
two of them just extending within the European boundary,
and one to the Himalayas, but none, so far as at present
known, to Japan or China. The present plant is unmistaka-
bly the finest of the genus; its racemes reach a height of
five or six feet, and its flowers are a beautiful pinkish red.
It was first discovered by the well-known Russian traveller,
of 2000 to 8000 feet above
sea-level in the Alatau mountains. Madame Olga Fedjenko,
ens we possess at Kew, next
after it was collected at a much lower level in the same region
by Korolkow. It was first flowered in Europe in the
‘summer of 1871 at the Moscow Botanic Garden. Max
Leichtlin succeeded with it at Carlsruhe in 1873. Some
_time ago Mr. W. E. Gumbleton brought to us at Kewa
beautiful drawing of a plant that had flowered with him in
DECEMBER lst, 1883.
County Cork. Our plate was drawn from a plant grown
by Professor M. Foster, at Shelford, near Cambridge, last
summer.
Descr. Radical fibres numerous, cylindrical, fleshy. Leaves
in a dense basal rosette, ensiform, glabrous, furnished with
a narrow cartilaginous border, about two feet in length,
one to two inches broad at the middle, pale green, weak
in texture. Scape terete, erect, hollow, two or three
feet long, half or three-quarters of an inch in diameter.
Raceme erect, moderately dense, two or three feet long,
four or five inches in diameter when expanded; pedicels
solitary, erecto-patent, an inch or an inch and a half long,
articulated at the apex; bracts linear, membranous, much
shorter than the pedicels. Perianth campanulate, rotate
when fully expanded; segments oblong, bright pink, three-
quarters of an inch long, with a distinct one-nerved reddish-
brown keel. Filaments filiform, just as long as the perianth ;
anthers linear-oblong, red before they open; pollen bright
yellow. Ovary sessile, globose; style as long as the fila-
ments, slender, deflexed. Capsule globose, smooth, the
size of a cherry.—J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Stamens and pistil ; 2, front view of an anther ; 3, back view of an anther;
4, horizontal section of ovary :—all more or less enlarged ; 5, unripe capsule, life
size.
6727.
Vincent Brooks Day &Son
es 2 AB. del INFith ith
L Reeve & C® Lendon
VY iB. 4 27
GENTIANA Moorcrortiana.
Native of the Western Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. GENTIANEZ.—Tribe SwERTIER.
Genus Gentiana, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 815.)
Gentian (Amarella) Moorcroftiana ; annua, caule erecto gracili a basi ramoso,
ramis suberectis v. adscendentibus flexuosis laxe foliosis, foliis sessilibus oblongis
lineari-oblongis ellipticisve obtusis v. subacutis enerviis, floribus solitariis v. in
ca cymas laxifloras dispositis gracile pedicellatis, calycis tubo subeampanulato lobis
a linearibus elongatis, corolla infundibulari coerulea, fauce nuda, lobis ovatis
ee subacutis, capsula lanceolata pedicellata inclusa, seminibus minutis subglobosis,
- testa levi.
G. Moorcroftiana, Wall. Cat. 4390; Griseb. Gentian. 243, et in DC. Prodr.
vol. ix. p. 96, excl. syn.; Clarke in Journ. Linn, Soe. vol. xiv. p. 433,
et in Fl. Brit. Ind, vol. iv. p. 108.
The Gentians of the Himalaya, of which there are no
fewer than thirty-seven described species, many of them of
extraordinary beauty, are, with scarcely an exception,
strangers to European gardens. The only one hitherto
‘figured in this Magazine is G. ornata (Plate 6514) ; for
G. decumbens (Plates 705 and 723) and G. detonsa (Plate
639), though also Himalayan, were both of them figured
from specimens procured from other countries. A few
hitherto unfigured are however in cultivation, thanks to
the exertions of Mr. Elwes; and no doubt before many
years are over a goodly number of species will adorn our
rockworks and borders. My impression, however, 1s that
beautiful as many of the Himalayan species are, none
compare with those of our own alps in brilliancy of blue.
This may be due to the fact of these all flowering during
the rains, which deluge the Indian mountains throughout
the summer months. ae é
G. Mooreroftianais a near ally of the British G. campestris,
and like it is an annual. It is confined to the extreme
west of the Himalaya, to Kashmir, Western Tibet, and the
immediately neighbouring provinces, where it 1s common
- DECEMBER Ist, 1883. aN
ee
at elevations of 8000 to 12,000 feet. The name it bears is
that of Mr. William Moorcroft, a veterinary surgeon in the
service of the Honourable East India Company, one of the
earliest and boldest of Asiatic travellers, who visited
Kashmir, Tibet, and Bokhara in the years 1819 to 1825,
with the view of obtaining Turkestan horses wherewith to
improve the Company’s stud. Mr. Moorcroft was the
first collector of Kashmir plants; and he contributed these
to Dr. Wallich, who named and distributed them as part of
his famous East Indian Herbarium. His end was untimely,
falling a victim to fever in Bokhara, after enduring hard-_
ships and misfortunes of every description.
The specimen here figured was raised from seeds sent by
Robt. Ellis, Esq., from Chamba, a province close to Kashmir.
Descr., A slender glabrous annual, four to ten inches
high, Stem simple or branched from the root, the branches
often again divided, flexuous, leafy. Leaves one to one
_ and a half inch long, sessile, linear-oblong or elliptic,
obtuse or subacute, nerveless. Flowers solitary at the ends
of the branches, or in leafy cymes; pedicels one-sixth to
half an inch, slender. Calyx campanulate, tube obtusely
angled, a fourth of an inch long; lobes linear, obtuse,
longer than the tube, equalling the corolla-tube or shorter.
Corolla three-quarters to one and a quarter inch long,
funnel-shaped, pale blue; throat naked and without folds ;
lobes one-third of an inch long, ovate, subacute. Capsule
linear, pedicelled, included. Seeds minute, subglobose, |
testa smooth.—J. D. H. : 3
Fig. 1, Flower cut vertically ; 2, front and back view of stamens; 3, anther ;
4, pistil; 5, transverse section of capsule :—al/ enlarged.
-& Son Lmp
S Day
kes
fio
Reeve &C
hy
Tas. 6728,
AERIDES Eericu.
Native of the Andaman Islands,
Nat. Ord. OncHIDEXZ.—Tribe VanDER.
Genus Aeripes, Lour.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 576.)
Arrives Emericit ; foliis elongatis loriformibus latiusculis crasse coriaceis apice
bifidis lobis obtusis, racemo pendulo multifloro, rachi viscosa, floribus roseis
longe pedicellatis, perianthio subgloboso segmentis incurvis obtusissimis,
sepalo dorsali late obovato rotundato, lateralibus majoribus late ovato-oblongis,
petalis obovato-oblongis sepalo dorsali paullo majoribus, labello in calcar
infundibuliforme crassum incurvum abeunte lobis lateralibus rotundatis erectis
terminali parvulo linguzforme inter lobos laterales recondito incurvo.
A. Emericii, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. N. 8. vol. xviii. (1882, ii.), p. 586.
As justly remarked by Dr. Reichenbach, Aerides Emericii
is very closely allied to A. virens, Lindl. (Bot. Reg.
vol. xxxvii. tab. 41), a native of Java, which differs chiefly
in its much larger flowers, with toothed lobes to the lip,
and in the colouring, which consists of dark purple blotches
on the tips of the white sepals and petals, and of pale red-
purple spots on the lip. ‘The leaves are very similar both
in size and in the lobed tip, and they are alike too in colour.
A. Emericii was found in the Andaman‘ Islands, on the
east side of the Bay of Bengal, by Lieut.-Col. Emeric
Berkeley (son of the veteran botanist and horticulturist,
the Rev. M. J. Berkeley), by whom the specimen here
figured was flowered in May last, and kindly communicated
for figuring. It presents the remarkable character of a
glutinous secretion along the rachis of the raceme, the
object of which may possibly be to prevent ants or other
phytophagous insects from attacking the flowers.
Descr. Stem stout, short, six to eight inches long, leafy ;
aerial roots very stout, one-fourth of an inch in diameter
and under. Leaves distichous, nearly a foot long and
under, by one to one and a half inch broad, exactly linear,
nearly fiat, coriaceous, nerveless, keeled, pale green, tip
DECEMBER Ist, 1883, ;
. deeply bifid, lobes obtuse, sinus acute. Raceme axillary,
five to six inches long, drooping, shortly peduncled; peduncle
and rachis green, the latter viscid. Flowers very numerous,
half an inch in diameter, ascending from the pendulous
rachis, pale pink with darker tips to the perianth-segments,
and purple mid-lobe of the lip; bracts minute; pedicels
and ovary together one inch long, slender, slightly curved,
pink. Perianth-segments short, incurved, all with rounded
tips. Upper sepal obovate-oblong, lateral much broader,
more ovate. Petals obovate-oblong, rather larger than the
dorsal sepal. Lip adnate to the produced base of the
column, funnel-shaped, thus passing into the stout obtuse
incurved spur; lateral lobes large, erect, rounded, quite
entire; median one very small, tongue-shaped, incurved
and almost concealed between the lateral lobes.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Side view of column and lip; 2, front view of column; 3 and 4, pollinia
with stalk and gland :—all enlarged.
Day & Son imp
‘Brooks
Vincent
Tas, 6729.
PAPAVER Hookert.
Native of Indian Gardens.
Nat. Ord. Papaveracem.—Tribe EvPAPAVERACEX.
Genus Papaver, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 51.)
Papaver Hookeri; elata, robusta, ramosa, patentim hispida, foliis lanceolatis
ovatisve pinnatifidim lobatis lobis adscendentibus acutis, floribus amplis
coccineis, petalis basi albis v. nigris, filamentis filiformibus, capsula subglobosa
brevissime stipitata glaberrima, stigmatis planiusculi radiis 12~20 crenis
marginalibus rotundatis incumbentibus.
P. Hookeri, Baker in Hort. Kew.
The plant here figured has puzzled me very much. I
found it to be common in gardens in India, both native
and European, but I know of no native locality for it.
Supposing it to have been some well-known garden species,
and introduced from Europe or elsewhere, no notice was
taken of it in the “Flora Indica,’’ or in the “ Flora of
British India.” Specimens are in the Kew Herbarium, col-
lected in the Saharumpore Gardens by Thomson, in those
of Scinde by Stocks, and by myself in those of Bengal. Its
nearest ally is obviously P. heas, from which it differs in.
its great size, for it forms a bushy herb four feet high and
upwards, and in the great number of stigmatic rays, which
are twelve to twenty, that is nearly double those of P.
Rheas; the flowers, capsule, and seeds also are much
larger, and the stigma broader in proportion. The flowers
attain three and a half inches in diameter, and the capsule
three-quarters of an inch. The petals vary from pale rose
to bright crimson, with a white or black spot at the base.
Whether to be regarded as a species, or as a large
cultivated form of P. Rheas, this is a most valuable addi-
tion to our gardens, being perfectly hardy, and single
plants flowering continuously in Autumn for several weeks.
Tt was raised from seeds sent by Mr. J. Beck, of Kashmir
(formerly of Kew), and which were collected by Mr.
DECEMBER Ist, 1883.
Dalgleish during a journey from Kashmir to Yarkand, in
Central Asia. The collection consisted largely of seeds of
cultivated plants.
Drscr. A branching annual herb, three to four feet
high, covered with hispid spreading hairs. Stem as thick
as the little finger at the base ; branches erect and ascending,
flowering copiously. Leaves three to five inches long,
sessile, ovate or lanceolate, irregularly pinnatifidly lobed,
the lobes erect, coarsely toothed. Flowers long-peduncled,
two to three and a half inches in diameter; buds before
expansion one inch long. Petals broadly wedge-shaped,
one pair smaller than the other, crenulate, from pale rose
to bright crimson, with a diffused white or blue-black
blotch at the base. Filaments filiform, about equalling the
pistil. Capsule one-half to three-quarters of an inch in
diameter, subglobose, very shortly stipitate, quite glabrous;
stigma very broad, with twelve to twenty rays and rounded
crenatures, the latter of which overlap.—J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Capsule of the natural size.
6730.
if
ait
Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp
MS. del, JNEiteh ith.
LReeve & C2 London
Tas. 6730.
MEDINILLA Cortisi.
Native of Western Sumatra.
Nat. Ord. Me~astomacez.—Tribe MEDINILLER.
Genus Mepinitna, Gaud.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 759.)
Mepiniita Curtisii; glaberrima, caule gracili, ramulis pendulis cylindraceis
obscure tuberculatis, foliis sessilibus ovatis ovato-oblongisve acuminatis late
viridibus marginibus costaque rubris, nervis secundariis tenuissimis patentibus,
cymis terminalibus trichotomis pyramidatis pendulis pedunculatis, pedunculo
ramis patentibus divaricatis pedicellisque corallinis, bracteis parvis, floribus ad
apices ramulorum confertis calyce subgloboso albo limbo truncato obscure
dentato, petalis 5-6 orbiculatis concavis eburneis, filamentis subulatis, antheris
purpurascentibus.
M. Cartisii, nod. in Hort. Veitch; Gard. Chron. N. S. vol. xx. p. 621, f. 108.
The species of Medinilla are numerous, and few have as _
yet been introduced into cultivation, though probably all —
merit a place in our stoves. Upwards of fifty have been ~
described, including the three gorgeous species, M. speciosa
(Plate 4321), M. magnifica (Plate 4533), and M. amabilis
(Plate 6681), and the more modest M. javanensis (Plate —
4569) and M. Sieboldiana (Plate 4650). From all these —
white flowers with purple anthers. :
WM. Ourtisii is a native of the Western Coast of Sumatra,
where it was discovered by Mr. Curtis when travelling for |
_ for figuring, with the request that it might bear the name —
of its discoverer. | : 3
-"Dusor. A shrub, branches slender, cylindric, dbscurely
—warted, branchlets pendulous. Leaves three to three and ©
a half inches long, sessile, oblong or ovate-oblong, acum-
nate, base rounded or subcordate, three-nerved, thinly
- coriaceous, bright green witha scarlet midrib and margins, —
‘secondary nerves very slender. oyt
pendulous; peduncle two to four inches long; bracts
minute at the bases of t
s : ‘DECEMBER Ist, 1883.
the present plant differs in its” graceful habit, and ivory- _ ae
Messrs. Veitch, who in March last sent the plant to me :
Cymes pyramidal, peduncled, a
he divaricate branches, the lower _
_ of which are one to two inches long and horizontal, flowering _
near the tips only; pedicels a quarter of an inch and upwards,
_ minutely bracteolate; peduncle, rachis and pedicels coral- _
red. Flowers white, one-half to two-thirds of an inch in — :
diameter. Calyx white, globose, fleshy ; limb short, trun-
_ cate, obscurely five-toothed. Petals nearly orbicular, con-
_ aye, imbricate, ivory-white. Anthers purple.—J. D. H.
+
ce Calyx ; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, vertical section of ovary :—all enlarged.
ees ee eee a ay ee Me a) ee ees ae
2. iS LES f nae f Sg
6697
- 6728
6707
6705
6693
6723
6718
6667
6670
6692
6685
6703
6675
6696
6669
6695
6679
6709
6686
6715
6706
6665
6701
6726
‘6676
ie. -.6678
67295
6727
6694
oe On?
6699
6687
— 6698
LNDE xX
To Vol. XXXIX. of the Tuarrp Szrizs, or Vol. CIX.
of the whole Work.
Acer insigne.
Aerides Emericii.
Allium Macleanii.
Aloe pratensis.
Angrecum modestum.
Angrecum Scottianum.
Aster diplostephioides.
Babiana ringens.
Billbergia Porteana.
Bomarea patacocensis.
Cadia Ellisiana.
Campanula Jacobea.
Caraguata musaica.
Cephelis tomentosa.
Cereus ceespitosus.
Clerodendron macrosiphen.
Comparettia macroplectron.
Crinum Hildebrandtii.
Deedalacanthus macrophyilus.
Dendrobium cariniferum, var.
Wattii.
Dendrobium revolutum.
Doryanthes Palmeri.
Eranthemum borneense.
Eremurus robustus.
Eucharis Sanderii.
Fraxinus Mariesii.
Fritillaria palliditiora.
Gentiana Moorcroftiana.
Gerrardanthus tomentosus. —
Glyphosperma Palmeri.
Gypsophila cerastioides.
Grevillea annulifera.
Grevillea punicea, Br.
Hamamelis virginiana,
6682
6719
6716
6683
6711
6704
6681
6730
6672
6668
6666
6708
6729
6674
6671
6712
6673
6721
6691
6724
6714
6720
6680
6688
6702
6713
6690
6677
6700
6722
6710
6689
Hoya linearis.
Jasminum floridum.
Kniphofia Leichtlinii,
Lelia monophylla.
Leucoium hyemale.
Licuala grandis,
Medinilla amabilis.
Medinilla Curtisii.
Microglossa albescens,
Microstylis metallica.
Nemastylis acuta.
Nympheea odorata, var, minor
floribus roseis.
Papaver Hookeri.
Pleuropetalum costaricense.
Pogonia Gammieana.
Primula floribunda,
Pseudodracontium Lacourii.
Rhamnus libanotica.
Rodgersia podophylla.
Rosa alpina. _
Salvia boliviana.
Sarmienta repens.
‘Saxifraga cortusifolia.
Saxifraga lingulata, var.
_ cochlearis.
Saxifraga marginata.
Senecio concolor.
Spiranthes euphlebia.
Thunbergia Kirkii.
Torenia flava.
Tritonia Pottsii.
Tulipa Kolpakowskyana.
Utricularia bifida,
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