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CUETIS'S
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,
COMPRISING THE
plants; of tfte Ifcbpal 6arorm$ of lulu,
AND
OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BEITAIN;
WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS;
Sill JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., C.B., K.C.S.L,
FR.S., F.L.8., etc.,
D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OK FRANCE.
VOL. XLIII. Q
OF THE THIRD SERIES.
(Or Vol. CXIII.ofthe Whole Work.)
~***j*^
I will nat long hold you in fable
Of all this garden delectable,
I mote my tongue stinten nede,
For I ne may withouten drede
Naught tellen you the beautie all,
Ne halfe the bountie there withal 1." — Chaictr.
LONDON:
L. REEVE & CO, 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVEXT GARDEN.
1887.
[All rights reserved .]
Mo. Bot. Garden,
printed by
gilbert and rivington, limited,
st. john's house, clerkenwell road, k.c.
TO
SIR JOHN KIRK, G.C.M.G., F.R.S., F.L.S., &c., &c.
LATE H.M. AGENT AND CONSUL-GENERAL AT ZANZIBAR.
Mi dear Kirk,
For many years past the volumes of the Botanical
Magazine have annually been enriched by figures of new,
rare, and interesting" plants, introduced by you from Zanzibar
into the Royal Gardens of Kew.
These represent, and but feebly, a mere fraction of the great
services which you have rendered, — to Science by extending
our knowledge of the Natural History (especially the Botany)
and the Geography of Eastern Tropical Africa, and to mankind
by the development of new industries (such as the Indiarubber
trade) in that country.
That these services should have been performed under the
pressure of arduous political duties, and in a trying climate,
has always appeared surprising to me ; and I hope that you
will accept the dedication of the volume of the Botanical
Magazine which contains the Indiarubber plant (sent by
yourself), as a token of the value I attach to your contribu-
tions, and of my admiration of your zeal and enlightenment
as a public officer.
Believe me,
Sincerely yours,
JOS. D. HOOKER.
The Camp, Sunningdale,
December IsL 1887.
6913
M LdflUKHLdhlifli
Vmoaifl hi. i. ka Da) &.San.Jinp.
lO T 5 .
Tab. 6913.
HEDYCHIUM Gardnkrianttm.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Scitamine.^. — Tribe Zingybebe.e.
Genus Hedychium, Kaenig ; {Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 642.)
Hedychium Gardneriannm ; elatum, robu8tum, glabrum, caulibus fastigiatis,
foliis ellipticis v. elliptico-oblongis acuminatis subtus furfuraceo-glauris
bracteis convolutis 1-2-floris, floribus aureis, labello suborbiculato v. sub-
quadrato integro v. 2-lobo, filamento robusto longissirne porrecto, fructibus
aurantiaco-coccineis.
H. Gardneriannm, Roscoe Monandr. PL t. 62 ; Pot. Reg. t. 774 j Reichb. Ic. Exot.
t. 183; Wall, in Honk. Kew Journ. vol. v. (1853), p. 369 ; Masters in Gard .
Chron. vol. iii. (1875), p. 461, figs. 92, 93.
H. speciosum, Wall, in Roxb. Fl. Ind. Ed. Carey and Wall. vol. i. p. 13, and
Plant. As. Rar. vol. iii. p. 51, t. 285 ; Walt Cat. Herb. No. 6550.
H. aurantiacum, Wall. Cat. Herb. No. 6551.
This very striking plant was introduced about the year
1823 from India, where it was discovered by Wallich in Nepal,
in the Valley of Katmandoo. It has subsequently been
gathered in the Sikkim Himalaya by myself at elevations
of 4000 to 7000 feet, and in the Khasia Mountains at about
the same altitude. Dr. Wallich, in a valuable monograph
of the genus quoted above, justly commends it to cultivators
in the following terms : — " This is the queen of the genus,
if not of the whole order, both as regards the general
aspect, the stature and the foliage, and the exquisite
elegance as well as fragrance of the ample inflorescence.
While I write this, several large patches of the typical form
are in full bloom at the Horticultural Society's Garden at
Chiswick, thriving luxuriantly in a temperate glass-hodse,
without any extraordinary supply of water ; and last year
I saw it in equal perfection. What can be the reason
that a plant so charming and desirable as this is not more
frequently seen in the stoves of the great and wealthy ?
Surely there exists not an Orchidea which exceeds it in
any respect, especially in facility of cultivation." It com-
memorates in its specific name one of Dr. Wallich's most
jan. 1st, 1887.
zealous contributors of living plants, of whom he says : —
" During a number of years in which the Hon. Edward
Gardner (son of the late distinguished Admiral Lord
Gardner) lived in Nipal, as the Hon. East India Company's
Resident at the Court of Katmandu, he contributed greatly
to the riches of the Botanic Garden at Calcutta, and
through it, to the gardens and herbariums of England. It
was through his local influence, and afterwards also of the
late Mr. Robert Stuart's, the officiating Resident, that I
was permitted to send permanent collecting parties into
that country, where they enjoyed his unceasing support
and encouragement ; and afterwards to visit it myself
during a whole year, which I spent under his friendly and
hospitable roof. Would that the cause of Natural History
could boast many such Maecenases in India and everywhere
else!"
Though a well-marked species, H. Gardnerianum is
subject to a good deal of variation in the form and size of
the lip, from orange to lemon colour, and almost white
with a pinkish centre. The specimen here figured flowered
in the Palm House of the Royal Gardens in August, 1885,
and fruited in the following February. In the Temperate
House it also does well. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Stamens ; 2, ovary and staminodes ; 3, stigma ; 4, transverse section of
ovary ; 5, fruiting spike ; 6, cluster of seeds ; 7, single seed and aril ; 8, seed with
aril removed ; 9, vertical section of seed, showing embryo : — all but Jiff. 5 enlarged.
GdH
MS.dfllJJTFitekMi
X IXfieve 3l C? London.
Tab. G914.
SOLANUM Wendlandii.
Native of Costa Elca.
Nat. Ord. Solanachj2. — Tribe Solanee.
Genus Solancit, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 888.
Solanum Wendlandii ; fruticosum, scandens, glaberrimum, sparse aculeatum, foliis
longe petiolatis, superioribus simplicibns oblongis acumiuatis basi eordatis, v.
varie 3-lobis, v. 3-foliolatis, foliolm lateralibus nunc parvulis nunc terminali
sequalibus, inferioribus inulto majoribus 6-8 pollicaribus pinnatifidis v. basi
pinnatis segmentis pinnisve oblongis ellipticisve, cymis atnplis, calycis parvi
lobis oblongis erectis ciliolatis apicibus rotundatis obtuse apiculatis, corolla
ampla pallide lilacino-purpurea, antheris linearibus erectis.
Living plants of this beautiful Solarium were sent to
the Royal Gardens in 1882 by Dr. Wendland, Director of
the Royal Gardens at Herrenhausen, Hanover, with ttu
information that it is a native of the cold regions of
Costa Rica, where it climbs trees. This habit it has
retained at Kew, where it ascends to the rafters of the
Water Lily House, and 'flowers profusely. I can find
nothing like it described, or in the Kew Herbarium, though
it clearly belongs to the same set as S. lanatum, Dunal,
figured in " The Botanist," vol. ii. tab. 58. That, however,
is an erect plant clothed with rusty tomentum, and has
almost free lanceolate acuminate calyx-segment. The
corolla is exactly the same in form, size and colour in both
species.
8. Wendlandii flowered, in the month of August at Kew,
and bears the name of the distinguished head of the long
and deservedly celebrated Botanical Gardens from whence
our specimen came, one who has himself, both by his
travels and writings, done so much for the Natural History
of Central America, and for the whole Order of Palms, of
which he is the sole master.
Desck. A climbing glabrous shrub, with terete green
stems and branches ; prickles on the stems branches and
petioles few, scattered, short, hooked. Leaves very variable,
two to ten inches long by one and a half to four inches
jan. 1st. 1887.
broad, uppermost simple, oblong, acuminate with a cordate
base, or three-lobed, with the lobes subequal or unequal,
and sometimes lobed at the sides, or trifoliolate, with
equal or unequal leaflets ; lower leaves on the branches six
to ten inches loug, pinnate below and pinnatifid above with
four to six pairs of lobes or leaflets which are ovate or
oblong, entire and acuminate; all bright green, rather
membranous and quite glabrous ; petiole one to three
inches long, naked or with one or two prickles. Cymes
six inches across and more, terminating pendulous branches;
pedicels one-half to one inch long, terete. Calyx small,
five-lobed to the middle ; lobes oblong, tip rounded,
ciliolate, and with an obtuse mucro. Corolla two 'and a
half inches in diameter, very pale lilac-blue. Stamens
nearly erect, filaments very short ; anthers linear, yellow.
Fruit (unripe) globose. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calyx and stamens ; 2, section of calyx ; 3, transverse section of ovary : —
all enlarged.
6815
Afocfint Bro oks D ay & !
1 Reeve &. G° Londo
Tab. 6915.
AMASONIA CALTCINA.
Native of British Guiana.
Nat. Ord. Verbbnacf.jj. — Tribe Yerbf.ne.e.
Genus Amasonia, Linn.Jil.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 1147.)
Amasonia calycina ; foliis petiolatis oblongo-lanceolatis acnminatis grosse irregu-
lariter serratis dentatisve basi in petiolum angustatis glaberrimis, racemia
gracilibus elongatis nutantibus villoso-tomentosis foliaceo-bracteatis, bracteis
petiolatis elongato-lanceolatis acuminatis rubris, floribus breviter pedicellatis,
calycibus amplis rubris 5-partitis, segmentis f-pollicaribus e basi lata lanceolatia
tenuiter acuminatis, corolla) extus laxe pilosaj flava? tubo calyce ter longiore
subcylindraceo, lobis brevibus late ovatis obtusis recurvis, filamentis exsertis
basi pilosis, stylo piloso, bacca globosa calyce rubro suffulta.
A. punicea, Sort, non Vahl.
The genus Amasonia contains ten or a dozen imperfectly
characterized species of South American herbaceous or
suffruticose plants, chiefly natives of Brazil and Guiana,
though some extend to the Andean provinces of Peru, Bolivia,
and Equador. That here figured approaches nearest to an
Amazonian one collected by Spruce (No. 2030) on the Rio
Negro, and which is referred by Bentham to a variety of
A. angustifolia, Mart., but that differs from A, calycina in
having pubescent entire leaves, a much smaller calyx, and
bracts that widen upwards ; its calyx and fruit too are very
much smaller. From A. punicea it differs in the very
differently shaped bracts and large calyx.
A. calycina was introduced by Messrs. Veitch from
British Guiana, whence it was sent by their collector, Mr.
D. Burke. Our drawing was made from a specimen pre-
sented by that firm to the Eoyal Gardens in 1885, which
flowered in Sept. 1886, and fruited, but did not ripen seed,
in the following November. It is a truly splendid plant,
and has the rare advantage of remaining in flower for two
months at a time.
Descb. A tall shrub or undershrub. Leaves six to
twelve inches long, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
jan. 1st, 1887.
coarsely irregularly toothed or sinuate, narrowed into a
petiole one to two inches long, quite glabrous except the
upper floral ones, which are often variegated with bright
red. Racemes six to ten inches long, nodding, copiously
leafy, softly tomentose with spreading red -purple hairs;
bracts or floral leaves pubescent, f alcately recurved, petioled,
the lower often flowerless or with imperfect flowers ; in
some racemes all are bright red, one to one and a half inch
long and secund, in others they are all foliaceous and
narrowly lanceolate, long-acuminate, two to three inches
long, and green mottled with bright red, or scarlet tipped
with green. Flowers shortly pedicelled, drooping, one and
a half to two inches long. Calyx nearly an inch long,
pubescent, bright red ; tube short, subglobosely campanu-
late ; segments lanceolate from a broad base, finely acumi-
nate. Corolla pale sulphur-yellow, subcylindric, slightly
recurved, sparsely hairy except the short contracted portion
of the tube within the calyx ; lobes short, broadly ovate,
obtuse, recurved. Filaments exserted, then contorted, and
recurved, hairy at the base ; anthers oblong, yellow. Ovary
obovoid ; style slender, hairy ; arms very slender. Fruit
globose, seated on the spreading scarlet calyx, three-
quarters of an inch in diameter ; epicarp shining, papery ;
sarcocarp thin, enclosing two crustaceous pyrenes. — /. D.B.
Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, corolla and stamens ; 3, base of corolla laid open, showing the
insertion of the stamens ; 4, anthers; 5, ovary and base of calyx; 6, top of style
and its arms : — all enlarged.
6916
Tab. 6916.
A. PRIMULA erosa.
B. PRIMULA capitata, var.
Natives of the Himalaya Mountains.
Nat. Ord. Piumttlaceje. — Tribe Peimulej:.
Genus Primula, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 631.)
PliiMULA erosa ; glabra v. puberula, foliis floribus cosetaneis efarinosis patentibua
obovato-spatbulatis v. oblanceolatia acutis v. obtusis in petiolum latum angtm.
tatis marginibaa erosis et df nticulatis Nubmembranace is pallida viridibusreticu-
latim nervosis, acapo gracili elongato, floribus ambellatia plus niinusvc farinonis
breviter pedicellatis, oracteia p&rvia appreasia baai non (,'ibbosis neo deonratn
productis, calycis aabcampanulati tubo brevi, lobis acutiusculis,. corollas tubo
calyeem excedente, limbo planiuoculo, lobis obcordatis purpurei*.
P. erosa, Wall. Cat. Herb. No. 661; Begel in Pot. Zc'it. 1853, p. 333, and in
Gartenftora, vol. ii. t. 51 ; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 486.
P. denticulata, var. erosa, Puhy in DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 45.
P. capitata, var. crispa, Sort.
P. erosa belongs to a common type of Himalayan
Primulas, that of which P. denticulata is the prevalent
form, and P. capitata the rarer. In their usual states they
are distinguished as follows : P. denticulata by haying
sparingly mealy or glabrous finely toothed leaves, that are
not fully developed till after flowering, and which are
surrounded at their bases by fleshy, scales, formed by the
arrested outer leaves on the crown of the rootstock ; it
bears a large or small depressed globose head, the flowers
of which are lilac or purple, and all open together. Plate
395-9 of this work is an excellent representation of it,
showing well the fleshy arrested leaves on the crown of the
rootstock. The figure in the Botanical Register (1842,
t. 47) is also characteristic, though the arrested leaves are
concealed.
P. erosa differs from denticulata in its much slenderer
habit, in always (except on young parts) wanting the meal
on the leaves, which are developed at flowering time, are
translucent with strongly erose and denticulate margins,
Jan. 1st, 1887.
and have a strongly reticulated surface, and the petioles
are often red; the umbels are loose or dense-flowered,
and the flowers in our garden specimens are of a far deeper
purple than is usual in denticulata.
P. capitata differs greatly in habit from both the above ;
it is confined to the Eastern Himalaya, has finely denticulate
leaves, often snow-white with meal beneath, but some-
times not so, a tall also mealy scape and globose densely
crowded head of sessile flowers which open slowly, and
the uppermost unexpanded ones are depressed and imbri-
cate over one another like the tiles of a house. The corolla
is of a very deep purple blue, the tube and calyx both
short. Tab. 4550 of this work gives an excellent figure
of the extreme form of capitata.
Now, though these distinctions are so well marked in
extreme forms, they all disappear in innumerable inter-
mediate ones. As an instance I have figured on the same
plate (at B.) with P. erosa, a leaf and head of a form of P.
capitata, which happened to be flowering in the Royal
Gardens at the same time with it. Comparing this with the
figure at Tab. 4550, the difference will be seen to be very
great; the leaves indeed are similar, but the head is far looser,
the flowers three times as large ; the calyx is nearly the same,
but the corolla-tube is much longer and inflated above the
middle. The herbarium shows many intermediates between
this form and that figured at Tab. 4550 ; and in like
manner there are many intermediate forms between P.
denticulata, and erosa. Lastly, some of these forms of
denticulata, appear to approach states of the Siberian and
European P. altaica, Lehm., and P. farinosa, L.
P. erosa is found throughout most parts of the Himalaya,
but I did not observe it in Sikkim. It is known in gardens
as P. capitata, var. crispa. Both it and the P. capitata
here figured were raised from seeds sent by Dr. King, of
the Calcutta Botanical Gardens. — J. D. H.
Fig. A. P. erosa, of the natural size; A 1, portion of leaf; A 2, calyx; A3,
corolla laid open ; A 4, ovary : — all enlarged.
Fig. B. Form of P. capitata ; B 1, leaf, of the natural size ; B 2, flower,
enlarged.
6917.
1 Reeve &.
Tab. 6917.
NYMPHJEA flava.
Native of Florida.
Nat. Ord. !Nysipbleace.s:. — Tribe Nymph;e.e.
Genus Nymph.ea, Linn; {Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 46.)
NYMPHjEA^/Zava; rbizomate oblongo v. cylindraceo, foliis ellipticis late oblongis
rotundatisve subtus rubris marginibus integerrimis v. subrepandis lobis subacutis
obtusisve, floribus flavis, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis petalis concoloribus intimis
sensim minoribus, filamentis exterioribus medio dilatatis antheris obtusis
multo longioribus, intirnis linearibus brevioribus, stigmatis radiis 8 brevibus
incurvis obtusis inappendiculatis.
N. flava, Leitner in Chapman Flora of the Southern United States Suppl.
p. 604 ; W. Watson in " The Garden" vol. xxvii. (1885), p. 439 and 599.
This is a very rare plant, having been comparatively
recently made known to Botanists by the researches of Dr.
Leitner in Florida, though it was much earlier recognized
by a Naturalist; for, according to Chapman's "Flora," it
is figured in Andubon's great work on the Ornithology
of the United States, published upwards of half a century
ago. As a species it is quite unlike any other, though
belonging to the northern section Gastalia, and not very
far removed from the American N. odoraia, from -\v hich the
colour of the flowers at once distinguishes it.
N. flava is a very elegant plant ; it was flowered in the
Water Lily House of the Royal Gardens in July of this
year. The Kew plants were received from Prof. Sargent,
of Brooklin, Boston, in 1877, and again in 1880 from Mr.
Sturtevant. The plant flowered for the first time in the
Water Lily House at Kew in July, 1882. Mr. Watson, in
his excellent remarks on this species, notes especially the
form of the elongated rootstock, which becomes covered
with scale-like tubercles, and forms successive apical crowns
of foliage and flowers subtended by a ring of roots, whilst
the lateral tubercles develop stolons from which the plant
is reproduced. Mr. Watson further remarks that it has
jax. 1st, 1887.
been established in ponds and lakes in Kent, and there
flowered freely for several years in succession.
The figure of the rootstock here given is taken from
Herbarium specimens collected in the St. John's River by
Mr. Curtiss. It has also been found in the Miami by Mr.
Grarber, and in a few other localities, all in Florida.
Desce. Rootstock cylindric or oblong, apparently not
creeping. Peduncles and petioles dark green. Leaves two
to six inches in diameter, orbicular elliptic or broadly
oblong, green often blotched with dark red, margin entire
or waved ; basal lobes subacute or obtuse, parallel, with a
narrow sinus. Floivers four inches in diameter, pale
yellow, opening at noon and remaining expanded till sunset.
Sepals linear-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subacute, rather
darker yellow than the petals, with a faint rosy tinge
externally towards the margin ; nerves very slender. Petals
of the same form as the sepals, but rather paler, the inner
shorter and broader. Stamens numerous, suberect ; filaments
of the outer dilated in the middle, and much longer than
the anther ; of the outermost short, broad, concave, and
petaloid ; of the innermost narrower and linear ; anthers
linear, connective hardly produced, tip rounded; cells
parallel. Stigmatic rays about eight, short, broad, obtuse,
incurved, inappendiculate. — J. D. H.
Fig. I, Inner, and 2, outer stamens ; 3, ovary and stigmatic raye : — all enlarged.
6918.
J N Fitr.h htli
Vincent Brooks Day &.San Imp
Tab. 6918.
silphium albifloeum.
Native of Texas.
Nat. Ord. Composite. — Tribe Helianthoidej:.
Genus Silphium, Linn.; {Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 350.)
Silphium alhiflorum ,- robustum, scabridum, caule tereti simpliei, foliis alternis
petiolatis arabitu late ovatis pinnatifidis v. bipinnatifidis rigidis, lobis linearibus
acutis v. pungentibus reticulatim venosis, floralibus linearibus capitatis
amplis sessilibus v. crasse pedunculatis, involucri scabridi bracteis erasse
coriaceis e basi late ovata in rostrum recurvum productis infimis subfoliacois,
floribus radii pollicaribus pallide stramineis, disci eoncoloribus, acheniis pubes-
eentibus, alis superne productis.
S. albiflorurn, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. xix. p. 4, and Synopt. Flora
of N. Amer. vol. i. pt. ii. p. 242.
This is one of two species of the North American genus
Silphium which Gray includes under the " Compass Plants,"
and of which the original, 8. laciniatum, L., was figured at
Plate 6534 of this work. S. albiflorurn is not nearly so
handsome a plant as 8. laciniatum, being comparatively a
dwarf, of robust rigid habit, with nearly white flowers. The
cultivated specimens are much less scabrid, as might be
expected, than the native, and have longer points to the
involucral bracts, giving a squarrose look to the unopened
heads ; these latter, too, are much longer peduncled, and
indeed Mr. Thompson sends a specimen in which the
stem is terminated by a solitary long-peduncled flower-
head. There is a further difference in the achenes ; those
of the native plant have the wings produced upwards into
somewhat triangular teeth which are often adnate to a pair
of subulate and more or less projecting rigid awns ; in
the garden plant the upward continuation of the wings are
rounded at the tips, and there are no awns, in a young
state at any rate.
I am indebted for living specimens of this very interesting
plant to my old and valued correspondent, Mr. Thompson,
of Ipswich, who has for. so many years contributed objects
of value and interest to this work ; he sent it in September
i\eb. 1st, 18S7.
of last year, and informs me that his plants are seven or
eight years old. Its native country is Reverchon in Texas.
Descr. Whole plant more or less scabrid, with short
white persistent prickles. Stem simple, two to four feet
high, very robust, terete, but channelled when dry. Leaves
alternate, lower long-petioled, sixteen inches long, broadly
ovate in outline, pinnatifid or bi-pinnatifid, coriaceous, bright
green, strongly reticulately nerved beneath when dry,
uppermost linear ; lobes linear, two to five inches long by
one-half to three-quarters of an inch broad, tips acute and
pungent, when bi-pinnatifid the lobes are shorter, often
triangular ; petiole of lower leaves four to five inches long.
Heads sessile in the axils of the floral leaves or stoutly
peduncled, three and a half inches across the rays, the
terminal head often produced in a naked peduncle three to
four inches long. Involucre subglobose, one to one and a
quarter inch in diameter ; bracts very rigid, broad, scabrid
and ciliate, acuminate or produced into long rigid pungent
recurved beaks. Ray-flowers twenty to thirty, ligules
narrowly oblong, two-fid, rather concave, pale straw-
coloured or cream-white, young tipped with red-brown ;
style-arms revolute. Disk-flowers very narrow, with a
long slender cylindric pubescent obscurely notched style.
Receptacle scaly, scales ciliate, outer oblong mucronate,
inner linear-spathulate. Achenes broad, flattened, broadly
winged, the wings produced upwards. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Portion of leaf and prickles; 2 and 3, scales of receptacle; 4, ray-flower ',
5, disk-lknver; (5, stamens; and 7, style from the same ; — all enlarged.
6919.
ncentB
,-ScC?T.nnr!r
Tar. 0019.
GLADIOLUS VTatsonioides.
Xat.ive of Mount Kilimanjaro.
Nat. Ord. Iride t. — Tribe Glapiolf.t:.
Genus Gladiolus, Linn.; (Bcnth. et Hook. f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 709.)
Gladiolus Wat*onoide$; foliia linearibua finnm glabra baaalibaa prodactia pedali-
lms vil aaaqnipedalibaa, eaole elongate foliis paucia reductia inat'ruoto, Boribria
HO in apicam laxam anilateralem diapoaitia, apathte ralria lanoeolatia foliaceia
magnis, periantbio Bplendide rubra tubo eorrato aagaate iofuDdibolari, aeg-
niciitis oblongia tetttia aaboonformiboa tubo diattnete brerioriboa, ataminiboa
arcoatia periantbio brerioribua, atyli ramia atigtnateaia magna patolia, capaalaa
valvis oblongis, aeminiboa late alatia,
(J. Watsonioides. Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxi. p. 406.
This is one of the most interesting of the petal oid mono-
cotyledons which have been discovered daring the recent
exploration of the regions round Mount Kilimanjaro by
Messrs. Thomson and Johnston. In botanical characters
it is nearly allied to well-known Cape species, Gladiolus
Watson his of Thimberg (figured Bot. Mag. tab. 450), but
it is quite different in leaf and stature. From Mr. Johnston's
notes it appears to begin at a height of 8500 feet above
sea-level in ascending the mountain, and to continue in
considerable plenty up to 11,000 feet; and he collected at
a height of 13,000 feet a dwarfed form with smaller flowers
than in the type and narrow leaves with convolute edges.
The seeds (by means of which it was brought into cultiva-
tion) have a very broad wing. Our drawing was made
from a plant that flowered at Kew in June, 1886.
Desce. Produced basal leaves about four, linear, erect,
firm in texture, glabrous, strongly ribbed, a foot or a foot
and a half long. Stem erect, terete, two or three feet long,
bearing about a couple of much-reduced leaves below the
inflorescence. Flowers four to ten in a very lax unilateral
spike; spathe-valves curved, foliaceous, lanceolate, green
margined with red, the outer valve larger than the inner.
in the lower flowers two inches or more long. Perianth
FEB. 1st, 1887.
bright scarlet ; tube curved, narrowly funnel-shaped, an
inch and a half long, a quarter of an inch in diameter at
the throat ; segments oblong or ovate, acute, an inch long,
nearly uniform in shape, size, and direction. Stamens
arcuate, reaching half-way up the perianth-limb ; anthers
lanceolate, sagittate at the base. Stigmatic lobes large,
oblanceolate, entire, spreading. Valves of the capsule
oblong, an inch long. Seeds discoid, brownish, with a
small nucleus and a very broad wing. — /. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, An anther; 2, apex of style, with stigmatic branches : — loth enlarged.
6920,
Tab. 6920.
HEMIPILIA CALOPHYLLA.
Native of Tenasserim.
Nat. Ord. OscniDEiE. — Tribe Ophryde;e.
Genus Hemipilia, Lindl. ; (Benin, et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 628.)
Hemipilia calophylla ; folio sessili recurve- elliptico-oblongo v. rotundato acufco v.
acuminato brunneo marmorato, scapo gracili uni-vaginato, racemo ereeto
paucifloro, floribus remotis breviter pedicellatis, bracteis triangulari-ovatis
lanceolatisve ovario brevioribus, sepalis triangulari-ovatis obtusis albis medio
pallide viridibus, petalis sepalis dimidio minoribus, labello purpureo oblongo-
quadrato v. subobcordato undulato utrinque unilobato apice emarginato v.
bifido, calcave brevi obtuso, rostello elongato uncinato adscendente, stigmatis
cruribus brevibus.
H. calophylla, Parish and Reichb.f. in Lond. Journ. Bot. vol. xii. (1874) p. 197 ;
fteichb.f. in Otia Bot. Hamburg, p. 38.
Hemipilia is a very curious little Indian genus, of which
only two species have hitherto been discovered, that here
figured, and the type, H. cordifolia, Lindl., which was found
in Nepal by Wallich upwards of half a century ago, and has
since been collected in the North -Western Himalaya by
Falconer, Strachey and "Wmterbottom, and others, at an
elevation of 7000 feet ; it differs from H. calophylla in the
subcordate base of the leaf, stout scape, more numerous
and more crowded flowers, with a longer spur and smaller
lip. The genus is closely allied to Hahenaria, differing
however a good deal in habit, and remarkably in the long
upcurved rostellum.
H. calophylla is a native of Moulmein, in Tenasserim,
where it was discovered by Mr. Gilbert, whose specimens
were, however, too imperfect for determination and
description. The indefatigable Rev. C. Parish rediscovered
it in August, 1873, growing in limestone rocks, and for-
warded specimens and a drawing to Kew, which enabled
Prof. Reichenbach to refer it generically to the previously
monotypic Hemipilia, and to describe it with completeness.
Probably other species of the genus occur in the Eastern
Himalaya, for such plants, with lurid leaves and flowers,
eeb. 1st, 1887.
growing close to the ground amongst other herbage, in
jungles and forests, are with difficulty detected. Mr.
Parish observes that the flowers are sometimes wholly
purple. The specimens here figured were sent to the
Royal Gardens by Mr. Peche of Moulmein, and flowered in
July, 1886.
Desor. Root a tuber. Leaf two to three inches long
by one and a quarter to one and a half inch broad, quite
sessile on the tuber, and with the acute base sunk in the
ground, from elliptic ovate to nearly orbicular, acute or
acuminate, membranous, very dark green mottled with
brown. Scape five to seven inches high, very slender,
green spotted with red-brown, naked except for one
narrowly lanceolate erect green and spotted sheath about
the middle. Raceme six- to eight-flowered ; flowers distant,
nodding, half an inch broad across the sepals and three-
quarters of an inch from the top of the upper sepal to that
of the lip. Sepals triangular-ovate, obtuse, white and
green, rarely purple. Petals similar, but much smaller.
Lip half an inch broad, dark vinous purple, puberulous,
from cuneately obcordate to quadrately oblong, with rounded
angles and a small rounded lobe on each side, and a notched
or two-lobed tip. Spur shorter than the sepals, obtuse.
Column short, with short inflexed sides ; rostellum tongue-
shaped, upcurved, with reflected sides projecting as high
as the top of the column, puberulous. Ovary slender,
decurved. — J. D. H.
Figs. 1 and 2, Side and front views of column and base of lip ; 3 and 4, pollinia :
-all enlarged.
69Z1.
M.S.del,JK^
Tab. 6921.
ADESMIA BALSAM IOA.
Native of Chili.
Nat. Ord. LEGUMiNOsa:. — Tribe Hedysare.k.
Genus Adesmia, DC; (Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 517.)
Adesmia balsamica ; frutex diffuse ramosissimus glabrescens glandulosus, minis
gracilibus, foliortuil rache oompnmo denticulato, foliolis parvulis 10-13-jugis
ellipticis cuneato-obovatisve craasiusoalu integril v. sorrulatis rugulosis medio
canaliculars, raoemia copiosia teiminalibuslaxiHoris,floribus longe gracile pedi-
cellatis, calycia tubo campanulato v. bemispberico dentibus triangulari-ovatis
patulis, corolla aurea, vexillo orbiculari, legumine G-8-articulato puberulo.
A. balsamica. Beriero in 3£tm. Acad. Turin, vol. xxxvii. p. 59, t. x. ; Hook, and
Am. Bot. Beech. Yoy. 20, in note, excl. st/n. Molini ; C. Gay, Flor. Ghil.
vol. i. p. 180.
The genus Adesmia, though containing upwards of
eighty species of shrubs, has not hitherto found favour in
the eyes of horticulturists, and indeed the few species
hitherto figured in British horticultural works (Bot. Reg.
t; 1720; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. Ser. 2, t. 222, 230, 322)
have nothing to recommend them to cultivators. To these
the subject of our plate forms a striking contrast, for A.
balsamica is both a graceful and very beautiful shrub ; its
balsamic odour, delicate ramification and foliage, and
abundant golden flowers together render it a most attrac-
tive shrub for the green-house, if not for the open air, in at
any rate the milder parts of England and Ireland. It is a
native of Chili, and appears to be abundant on the hill-sides
near Valparaiso, from whence there are specimens in the
Herbarium from numerous contributors. Claude Gay
describes it as the most valuable of all the Adesmia* on
account of its exquisite balsamic odour, which in its native
country can be perceived at a great distance, and it is also
a reputed medicine.
Specimens of this beautiful plant were sent for figuring
in the Botanical Magazine by Sir George MacLeay,
K.C.M.G., who flowered it in his rich conservatory at
feb. 1st, 1887.
Pendel Court, Kent, in March of last year. The balsamic
odour is very perceptible even when dry, but doubtless it
is much more developed on hill-sides under the bright skies
of a Chilian summer, than in an English green-house in the
month of March.
Descr. A nearly glabrous, excessively branched,
copiously-flowering shrub, covered with balsamic glands ;
branches very slender, leafy. Leaves one to one and a
half inch long, shortly petioled, pinnate, rachis flattened
and denticulate, leaflets ten to thirteen pairs, very small,
one-eighth to one-sixth of an inch long, sessile, dark green,
oblong or cuneately obovate, subentire or serrulate,
rugose and channelled down the middle. Racemes termi-
nating the branches, effuse, three- to eight-flowered, sparsely
puberulous ; rachis and pedicels very slender, the latter
one-half to three-quarters of an inch long; bracts minute.
Flowers two-thirds of an inch in diameter, golden yellow.
Calyx-tube from broadly campanulate to subglobose,
minutely hispid, teeth small, triangular, acute. Standard
orbicular. Wings obtuse, rather shorter than the obtuse
keel. Ovary pubescent. Pod about one inch long, very
shortly stipitate, somewhat pubescent ; joints six to eight,
semicircular. — J. B. H.
Fig. 1, Portion of rachis and leaflets; 2, calyx and young pod; 3, wings; 4,
keel ; 5, stamens ; 6, pod (frona dried specimen) : — all but Jig. 6 enlarged.
6922
Tab, 6922.
STROBILANTHES coloeatus..
Native of Assam and the Eastern Himalaya.
Nut. Ord. Acanthaces:. — Tribe Kcellieje.
Genus Steobilanthes, Blume ; {Bentli. et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 108G.)
SrEOisTLAXTirES (Paniculate) coloratut ; suflrutcx glabrescons, ramis teretibus,
foliis 4— 7-polticaribua ovatis ellipticisve acuminata sorratis, panieulia erect is
multifloris, bracteis ellipticis caducis, ramis graciliboa strictis, sepalis sub-
tequalibus linearibus obtusis glabris, corolla? sesquipollicaris tubo ventricoso
glabra pallide azureo-parpureo, lobis rotandatis, capsula late ovata acuta 4-
sperma, seininibus ovatis pubescentibus vix areolatis.
S. coloratus, T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. ix. p. 481 ; Clarke in Jlooh. Fl.
Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p. 473.
Goldfussia colorata, Nees in Wall. Plant. As. Par. vol. iii. p. 89 ; and in DC.
Prodr. vol. xi. p. 176.
Ruellia colorata, Wall. Cat. No. 2388.
This is a very, handsome species of the enormous
Asiatic genus Sirobilanthes, of which there are upwards of
150 species in British India alone, and this is its head-
quarters, for indeed only one species has been found
beyond the limits of tropical Asia, and that one in tropical
Africa. S. coloratus is an ally of S. WalUchii, which was
figured in tins work under the name of Goldfussia Tkomsoni
(Tab. 5119), which has, however, much fewer flowers, with
a curved deep red-purple corolla. S. coloratus is a native
of the Eastern Himalaya, at elevations of 2000 to 5000 feet,
in Sikkim and Bhotan, where it has been gathered by C. B-
Clarke, and it is abundant in the Khasia Mountains, south
of Assam, whence Wallich's collectors first procured it, and
where I found it abundantly at elevations of 3000 to 4000
feet, attaining 10 feet in height, with a panicle two to
three feet long, and nearly as broad. The specimen here
figured was raised at Kew from seeds sent by Dr. King, of
the Royal Botanical Gardens, Calcutta, and flowered in
January of last year.
Desce. A tall glabrous undershrub, four to six feet
FEB. 1st, 1887.
high, copiously branched, the branches ending in large erect
panicles. Stem and branches terete, green. Leaves five to
seven inches long, ovate or elliptic, acuminate or produced
into a long tail, serrate, base very acute and produced on
the petiole, which is one to three inches long ; nerves eight to
ten pairs, slender ; upper surface dark green, under red-
purple. Panicles -six to twelve inches high, widely spread-
ing, and profusely branched ; branches very slender, strict,
some forming filiform pedicels, others bearing two very
shortly pedicelled flowers; bracts elliptic, caducous.
Flowers one and a half inch long, pale blue purple. Calyx
narrow, half an inch long, of erect linear obtuse green
sepals. Corolla with a ventricose tube and short rounded
lobes, which are hardly wrinkled. Stamens small, included.
Capsule scarcely longer than the calyx, broadly or narrowly
ovate, acute, four-seeded. Seeds ovate, pubescent, obscurely
areolate. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calyx ; 2, corolla laid open ; 3, ovary and disk : — all enlarged.
6923.
Vincent Brooks Bay & SonJmp
I Reeve &.C .
Tab. 6923.
XANTHOCERAS soebifolta.
Native of North China.
Nat. Ord. S.apindace.e. — Sub-orJer Sapinde/E.
Uenas Xanthocekas, Bunge; (Benth. et Ilook.f. Gen. PI. vol. v. p. 408.)
Xasthocebas sorbifolia ; frntex glaber, foliis deciduis alternis pinnatis, pinnis
multijugis lineari-oblongis laneeolatisve acutis inciso-serratis, floribus racemosis,
racemis axillaribus ranmlosque 'terminantibus multifloris albis roseo-pictis,
fructibus magnis globosis v. pyriformibus tar Je debiscentibus, pericarpio crasso,
seminibus globosis.
X. sorbifolia, Bunge, Fnum. PI. Chin. Bar. p. 11 ; Hance in Journ. Bot. vol. viii.
(1870), p. 313; Franrhet, Plant. David, p. 75; Flore des Serres, ser. 2,
vol. viii. (1870), t. 1899; Rev. Sortie. 1872, p. 291, mimic; III. Rortic.
vol. xxiv. (1877), t. 295; Gard. Chron. X. S. vol. v. (1876), p. 567, fig. 101,
and vol. xxvi. (1886), p. 204, fig. 42.
This is one of the most attractive and interesting hardy
garden shrubs that has been introduced for many years,
and though introduced nearly twent} r years ago, is rarely
seen except in the botanical establishments or the gardens
of those in search of novelties. It was discovered by the
now venerable Dr. Bunge, formerly Professor of Botany at
Dorpat, near Pekin, some sixty years ago, on the occasion
of his accompanying an overland mission to that capital
from St. Petersburg; but was not introduced till Father
David, the most laborious a ad successful of all explorers of
the Chinese Flora, sent seeds to the Jardin de Plantes at
Paris about twenty years ago. According to a statement
in the " Gardener's Chronicle," Father Davicl sent the plant
in 1868, and as it. flowered and was figured in the "Flore
des Serres" in 1872, it must have baen transmitted to
Paris in a living state.
Xanthoceras sorbifolia is a beautiful free-flowering bush,
"with the habit of the Bladder-nut (Staphyfoa jpinnata), to
which it is allied. I am indebted to Mr. Lynch, of the
Cambridge Botanical Gardens, for the fine specimens here
figured, with flowers of both sexes, and where it blossomed
in May, 1886, the females appearing a few days after the
MAECH 1st, 1887.
males. The leaves were fully developed in July. For the
fine fruits I am indebted to the kindness of continental
correspondents; the apple-shaped ones were received in
August of last year from M. Max Cornu, of Paris, and were
ripened in the Jardin de Plantes. The pyriform ones
were received in October from M. J. Van Volxem, of
Brussels. The seeds are described as being eaten by the
Chinese.
Desce. A deciduous glabrous or puberulous shrub or
small tree, copiously leafy. Leaves opposite, eight to twelve
inches long, pinnate ; petiole short and rachis slender,
nearly terete; leaflets alternate,' sessile, linear-oblong or
oblong-lanceolate, acute, coarsely serrate, the tips of the
leaflets and serratures apiculate,dark green above and glossy,
paler beneath. Flowers in copious lateral racemes, eight
to ten inches long, from shoots at the sides of the branches,
appearing before the leaves, at first suberect, then drooping ;
peduncle short; rachis stout; bracts oblong, obtuse or
subacute ; pedicels a quarter to one-third of an inch long,
rather stout. Sepals five, oblong, obtuse, green. Petals
spreading and recurved, spathulately obovate, white with
blood-red streaks at the base. Disk with five cylinclric
suberect obtuse horns that are curved outwards and alter-
nate with the stamens. Stamens eight, filaments slender,
erect ; anthers gland-tipped, oblong ; in the female flower
they are shorter, imperfect, and surround the ovary.
Ovary in the female flower ellipsoid, narrowed into a short
grooved style with three connate stigmas, three-celled;
ovules about eight in each cell. Fruit a globose or pyri-
form capsule, with very thick walls, tardily splitting into
three valves, with a spongy white inner surface. Seeds
globose, of a fine purple-brown colour. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower-bud ; 2, male flower with perianth removed ; 3, stamens ; 4,
ovary; o, female flower with perianth removed; 6, section of ovary ; 7, fruit from
the Jardin de Plantes ; 8, fruit from M. Van Volxem ; 9, the same dehisced, showing
the seeds -.—Jigs. 1-8 enlarged.
63 24.
-ifocartBToolaDsv&SonSpP
[ t;„_
Tab. 6924.
LAPEYROUSIA geandiflora.
Native of East Tropical Africa.
Nat. Ord. Ibidem. — Tribe Ixie.e.
Genus Lapeyeousia, Poarr.; (Bentk. et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 705.)
Lapeyeousia (Anomatheca) grand/flora ; cormo parvo globoso tunicis fibrosis,
foliis 6-8 distichis subbusalibus confertis linearibus glabris membranaci'is,
pedunculo elongato simplici vel furcato folio unico reducto instructo, spicia
4-10-floris laxis subsecundis, spatbse valvis lanceolatis membranaceo-berb.Hvis,
perianthii tubo elongato cylindrico apice infundibulari, segmentis splendide
rubris oblcngis vel oblongo-lanceolatis 3 superioribus ascendentibus 3 in/'evi-
oribus brevioribus deflexis basi rubro saturatiovi maculatis, staminibus erectis
elongatis, stylo staminibus eminente ramis 6 divaiicatis stigmatosis, i'ructu
parvo globoso.
Lapeyrousia grandiflora, Baker in Juurn. Bot. 1876, p. 337 ; Journ Linn. Soc.
vol. xvi. p. 154.
The present plant is a native of the Zambesi country,
"where it was discovered by Sir John Kirk, whilst travelling
with Dr. Livingstone in 1858. It has since been sent homo
in a dried state by Dr. Meller and Mr. John Buchanan,
and in 1883 we received living corms from Mrs. Monteiro.
It is a near ally of the well-known Anomatheca cruenta of
Natal, but the flowers are much larger. Mr. Bentham has
now reduced Ker's genus Anomatheca to Lapeyrousia, and
here again we get a large characteristically Cape genus,
represented in Angola and the mountains of Tropical Africa
by a few distinct specific types. Our drawing was made
from a plant that flowered at Kew in October, 1886.
Desce. Conn small, globose; outer tunics formed of
fine brown nearly parallel fibres. Produced leaves six or
eight in a distichous nearly basal rosette, linear, mem-
branous, green, glabrous, half a foot or a foot long.
Peduncle, including the inflorescence, a foot long, simple or
forked, bearing only a single reduced leaf. Spikes lax,
subsecund, four- to ten-flowered ; spathe-valves lanceolate,
unequal, between membranous and herbaceous. Perianth -
tube cylindrical, with a short funnel-shaped apex, an inch
MAECH 1st, 1887.
long, nearly white; limb bright scarlet, two inches in
diameter ; segments oblong or oblong-lanceolate ; three
upper ascending, concolorous ; three lower shorter, deflexed,
marked with a large spot of darker scarlet at the base.
Stamens erect, rather shorter than the perianth- segments ;
filaments filiform ; anthers linear. Style overtopping the
stamens, bearing six divaricated stigmatose branches.
Capsule small, globose, umbilicate at the apex.—/. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Front view of anther ; 2, back view of anther ; 3, style and stigmas ; 4,
capsule : — all more or leas enlarged.
6925.
M.S.deUN.Frtdi'litli.
Tfincent Brooks Day&SonJmp.
I Reeve 8c C° London.
Tab. 6025.
CORYDALIS Kolpakowskiana.
Native of Western Turkestan.
Nat. Ord. Papayerace.e. — Tribe Fcmarie.e.
Genus Corydalis, Linn.; (Bcnlh. it Hook. f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. ot>.)
Corydalis (Bulbocapnos) Kolpalowftkiana ; bulbosa, glaberrimn. glaura, c:w\o
raiuoso gracili paucii'olioso, foliis longe petiolatis bipinnatisei ' is. pinnia 2-;}-
jugis petiolulatis late ovatis, pinnulis pancis enneatis 2-3-soctis, Lobis linearibus
obtusis pallide viridibus, raoemo elongate laxittoro, bracteis obloogifl integru
obtusis viridibus, floribus breviter pedicellatis, sepalis minimis, corolla- labiii
subaMjnalibus breviusculis ovatis explanatis, superiors ernarginato, inferiors
basi gibbo caloare limbo fere duplo longiore leviter areuato apice decurvo
obtuso, capsulis elliptico-oblongis pendulis.
C Kolpakowskiana, Hegel, Gartenfi. vol. xxvii. (1878), p. 261, t. 918.
The expeditions sent by the Russian Government to the
regions of Central Asia have resulted in the discovery and
introduction into the gardens of St. Petersburg of an
astonishing number of hardy herbaceous plants, which have
been most liberally distributed to all European gardens ;
and to none of the intrepid explorers of these inhospitable
regions are we more indebted than to Dr. Albert de Kegel,
the talented son of the excellent and able Director of the
Imperial Botanical Gardens of St. Petersburg. Amongst
these novelties the genus Corydalis holds a conspicuous
place, and as most of the species are early spring flowers,
when there is little else to grace the garden, they are
welcome to horticulturists. Dr. Kegel, who describes
this plant in the " Gartenflora," says of it that it is
allied to C. longiflora, which latter may be distinguished by
the more simple stem, by the bracts equalling or exceeding
the pedicels of the flower, by the boat-shaped tips of the
corolla, which are not spread out, by the subulate acute
spur, and by the linear-oblong pods.
G. Kolpakowskiana was found in 1877 by Dr. Albert de
Kegel in Western Turkestan, near the town of Wernoje,
near the river Almatiuka, and is stated to vary in the
MARCH 1st, 1887.
colour of the flowers from white to pale rose-colour,
variegated with purple, and a white throat. In the figure
given in the " Grarteuflora," the flowers are represented of
a rather muddy rose-colour, much deeper than in the
figure here given, and a white flower is also represented.
The foliage, too, is far more luxuriant in the St. Petersburg
than in our specimen. The specific name is that of the
Military Governor of the province where the plant was
found. Mr. Elwes gave me the specimen here figured,
which flowered in a frame with him in April, 1867.
Desce. A low glaucous, quite glabrous succulent tuber-
ous herb. Stem four to eight inches high, sparingly
branched from the base, and sparingly leafy. Leaves
alternate, pale green, four to five inches long, bipinnate ;
petiole long and rachis slender ; pinnae petiolulate, three-
quarters of an inch long, ovate in outline ; pinnules cunei-
form, two-to-five lobed ; lobes linear, obtuse. 'Racemes
four to six inches long, erect, slender, lax-flowered ; bracts
green, oblong, obtuse, shorter than the slender pedicels.
Sepals very minute and of irregular form. Corolla gibbous
at the base, three- quarters of an inch long from the tip of
the lips to that of the spur, white or pink with a purple
throat; lips short, equal, spreading, ovate, concave, but
with the margins expanded or slightly reflexed ; spur
ascending, slightly curved, about twice as long as the limb
of the corolla ; tip more or less decurved, obtuse. Stigma
orbicular, stellately crenate. Capsule elliptic-oblong, pen-
dulous. — J". D. H.
Fig. 1, Flowers ; 2, sepals ; 3, ovary : — all enlarged.
6926.
2 *X
Vincent Bi' • ,
I Reeve &. C^IoticLor.
Tar. 6926.
BEGONIA OTCLOPHTLLA.
Native of South China.
Nat. Ord. Begoniaceje.
Genus Begonia, Linn.; (Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. i. p. 811.)
Bkgonta cyclopJiylla ; tuberosa, folio solitario amplo membranaceo rotundato-
cordato obtuso palmatim 7-9-nervi, lobis basi incumbentibus supra et infra ad
jipivos reticulatiy sparse hirtello, petiolo hirto, stipulis oblongis fimbriato-
ciliatis, scapo gracili, C3ina pluriflora, flnribus roseis odoris, masc. sepalis
rotundatis, petalis obovato-spathulatis, filamentis in columnam brevem connatis,
antheris capitatis parvis obovatis apice rotundatis, fl. fern, minoribus, sepalis
2 semicircularibus, petalo solitario multo minore oblongo concavo, stylis 3 2-
fidis, lobis fascia continua spiraliter torta circumdatis, capsula trigona 3-loculari
ala majore triangulari, minoribus lineaiibus.
I have advanced this as a new species with much hesita-
tion, because it was sent by Mr. Ford from the Hongkong
Botanical Gardens under the' name of B. jimbristipula,
Tlance (in Lond. Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 202), and because it
agrees with the character of that plant in so many particu-
lars that it appeared to me possible that it might be a
gigantic form of it, with characters acquired under cultiva-
tion. On referring, however, to the Kew Herbarium, I
find authentically named specimens of B. Jimbristipula from
Lofaushan (on the coast opposite to Hongkong) which
show it to be a diminutive very slender little species, two to
three inches high, with an ovate cordate acuminate sharply
doubly-toothed leaf of a deep red purple colour, and a one-
or two-flowered scape. The Lofaushan specimens agree
.very well with Hance's description, except that I do not
find the under surface of the leaf to be lepidote, and that
the outer male sepals are orbicular rather than oblong, and
that the petiole is sometimes longer than the limb of the leaf.
Specimens from Tingushan, on the Canton river, also in the
Kew Herbarium, and cited as B. Jimbristipula by Hance,
are many times larger than the above, with a branched
cyme as in B. cydophyUa, but the leaves are of the same
march 1st, 1887.
form and toothing as fitnbristipula. Another difficulty is
to determine the section of the huge genus to which this
species should be referred. It agrees with none in De
Candolle's monograph (Prodr. v. xv. pars. i.). According to
his Clavis (p. 403) it should fall into Dysmorphia, with two
Peninsular Indian species (B. vrenata, Dryandr., and B.
canarana, Miq.) ; but these are described as having anthers
dehiscing by pores, four to five sepals in the female flower,
connate styles, and inflated capsules.
Hance supposes his B. fimbristipula (with which this
must go) to be most nearly allied to B. parimliflora, A. DC,
which belongs to the section Paruibegonia, and which
should have four to five segments in the female flower, and
deciduous styles. According to the grouping of the species
sketched out in the " Genera Plantarum," it falls into the
fourth series, and would be included in an enlarged view of
Platycentrum (inclusive of Knesebechia). Its nearest ally in
floral structure appears to me to be B. sinensis of A. DC,
a caulescent species of very different habit, referred by
A. de Candolle to Knesebechia.
A similar species to B. fimbristipula, of which leaves are
preserved in the Kew Herbarium, is extensively used by
the Chinese as a drug. The leaves are of a brilliant red-
purple colour.
Our specimens were raised from tubers sent by Mr. Ford
from the Hongkong Botanical Gardens in 1885, and
flowered in April, 1886. The flowers are sweet-scented,
like roses.
Descr. Root tuberous. Leaf solitary, attaining six inches
in breadth, orbicular-cordate with overlapping basal lobes,
obtuse or subacute, palmately seven- to nine-nerved, ob-
scurely denticulate, sparsely hirtellous on the upper surface
and on the nerves beneath, deep green above, pale inclining
to red beneath ; petiole rather stout, shorter than the blade,
sparsely hirsute ; stipules oblong, fimbriately ciliate. Scape
six inches high, slender, glabrous, bearing a trichotomous
cyme of rose-coloured and -scented flowers of both sexes ;
bracts at the fork like the stipules. Male fl. one to one
and a quarter of an inch in diameter. Sepals two, orbicular.
Petals two, obovate. Anthers small in a globose head on
a short slender column, obovate, tip rounded. Fem. el.
smaller than the males. Sepals two, semicircular. Petal
one, very much smaller, oblong, concave. Styles three,
each two-fid, with a twisted papillose band, persistent in
fruit. Capsule triangular-deltoid in outline, larger wing
trigonous, upper margin horizontal, smaller linear :
placenta bipartite, all surfaces sesd-bsaring. — T. D. II.
Fifc. 1, Stipule ; 2, anther ; .*], .styles ; i, transverse section of ovary .
enlarged.
G0Z7.
T .incent Brc o ks La/ & Son J
I.Reave & C? London,
Tab. 6927.
CEROPEGIA MoNTEiBoa.
Native of Delagoa Bay.
Nat. Ord. Asclepiade.e. — Tribe Cebopegie.e.
Genus Cebopegia, Linn. ; {Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. ii. p. 779.)
Ceeopegia Monteiroce ; glaberrima, eanle volubili, foliis carnosulis breviter petio-
latis ovatooblongis obtusis margine undulatis, floribus ad apicem pedunculi
crassi paucis erectis breviter crasse pedicellatis, sepalis parvis lanceolatis,
corolla 2|-3 pollicari, tubo basi oblongo-inflato dein anguste infun-
dibulari, lobis abrupte in laminam inflexam basi ciliatam horizontalem
dilatatis laminibus in umbraculam convexam albam purpureo-maculatam 5-
suleatam connatis, coronse staminea3 lobis exterioribus nullis, interioribus
elongatis incurvis in columnam 5-sulcatam conniventibus apicibus recurvie
obtusis.
Those who frequent the Succulent House at Kew have
long been familiar with the Geropegia Sandersonice (Bot.
Mag. t. 5792), which, growiug in a pot, was trained up a
rafter on the left-hand side on entering, and which attracts
attention by its curious long green flowers, expanding into
the form of a trumpet, surmounted by a fringed green
spotted canopy, supported on five short legs. No second
species at all like it of the extensive genus to which it
belongs was ever known till 1884, when the tubers of that
here figured were sent to the Royal Gardens by Mrs.
IVlonteiro, of Delagoa Bay, widow of that able naturalist
J. Monteiro, the author of the best books ever written on
the Natural History of Tropical Africa.*
G. Sandersonice, just referred to, is a native of Natal, and
was named in honour of a lady who, and whose husband
(the late J. Sanderson, Esq.), were active contributors to
the Royal Gardens. It seems, therefore, appropriate that
its near ally should bear the name of the lady to whom
the horticultural world is indebted for this singular plant.
G. Monteiroce was received in 1884, and flowered in July,
1886. It comes from Delagoa Bay, a locality a good way
* " Angola and the River Congo," by Joachim J. Monteiro. 2 vols.
Macmillan & Co. 1875.
maech 1st, 1887.
north of Natal, and the plant consequently requires tropical
heat, which G. Sandersonice does not.
Descr. A glabrous climber, probably attaining a con-
siderable height ; branches terete, as thick as a goose-quill,
white mottled with brown, in minutely warted patches.
Leave* opposite, two to three inches long, shortly stoutly
petioled, oblong-ovate, subacute or obtuse, succulent, pale
green with undulate margins that are purplish on the
extreme edges. Flowers about three, at the top of short
stout lateral peduncles one-half to two-thirds of an inch
long, shortly pedicelled ; bracts minute. Sepals small,
erect, lanceolate, acute, glandular at the base within.
Corolla, two to three inches long ; inflated base narrowly
oblong, green, about two-thirds of an inch long ; tuber
above the bulb narrowly funnel-shaped, dull green below,
striped white and dull brown above; mouth trumpet-shaped;
lobes five, clawed, claws separated by a semicircular sinus,
each lobe suddenly dilated into a broad triangular flat
plate that arches over the mouth of the corolla, white
spotted with purple brown, and with purple filaments at
the base on each side ; these five coalesce, and form a low,
pointed, five-angled, five-furrowed canopy over the opening
of the corolla, supported by the five claws. Golumn at the
base of the bulb ; outer lobes none, the inner arching
inward and meeting form a five-grooved column, above
which three short free recurved obtuse tips spread out-
wards.— /. D. E.
Fig. 1, Portion of stem ; 2, sepal seen from within ; 3, base of corolla and
Btaminal column ; 4, pollen-masses : — all enlarged.
0S2S
■ { '
A ,1 N P6j& \\\h
L.Rao n don.
'
Tab. 6928.
CLAVIJA Ernstit.
Native of Garaccas.
Nat. Ord. Myesineje. — Tribe Theophbastes.
Genus Clavija, Ruiz 4" Pav.; (Benth. et Eook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 649.)
Clavija Ernstii ; glaberrima, caule robusto, foliis longe petiolatis coriaceis ellip-
tico-oblongis oblongo-lancoolatis v. oblanceolatis integerrimis basi acutis s;upe
inaequilateralibus in petiolum decurrentibus, nervis perplurimis tenuissimis
horizontalibus, racemis brevibus akillaribus nutantibus multifloris, bracteis
minutis, floribus breviter pedicellatis, calycis tubo infundibulari-companulato
lobis orbiculatis integerrimis, corollse disco crasso radiato crenulato processubus
brevibus corollse lobis alternantibus instructo, antberis late ovatis, ovario
minuto.
Of the South American genus Clavija, some twenty-five
species are described, but with none of them does the
plant here figured agree. It comes near to a Venezuelan
one collected in Ocaiia (New Grenada) by Purdie, which
differs in the shorter petioles and strongly serrated reticu-
latedly veined leaves; and to the C. Hooheri, Alph. DC.
(G. spathulata, Hook. Ic. PI. t. 140, not of R. and P.), of
Peru, which is a much more slender plant with very small
flowers. From all the three species already figured in this
Magazine it differs widely; there are C. ornata, Don (Tab.
4922), C. fulgens, Hook. (Tab. 5626), and G. macrophylla,
Miquel (C. Biedeliana, Kegel Grartenfl. t. 663) (Tab.
5829).
I have named it after the excellent botanist who sent
seeds of it to Kew in 1879, Prof. Ernst, of Caraccas. Plants
raised from these flower annually in the Palm House in
July, where they have attained a height of sixteen to
twenty-four inches.
Descr. Trunk in native specimen four to five feet high,
very robust, as thick as the thumb, covered with brown
smooth bark, and with here and there a few short subulate
prickles. Leaves clustered at the ends of the branches, long-
petioled, coriaceous, twelve to sixteen inches long by four
to six inches broad, bright green, paler beneath, elliptic-
april 1st, 1887.
oblong or oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute or sub-
acute, quite entire, base often unequal- sided, acute and
decurrent on the petiole ; midrib beneath stout, rounded,
nerves very many, very slender, horizontal, inconspicuous,
petiole as thick as a goose-quill, three to six inches long,
terete, smooth, slightly thickened towards the base, green.
Racemes short, axillary, two to four inches long, drooping,
many-flowered ; peduncle short and rachis slender, yellow ;
bracts minute ; pedicels very short ; flowers pendulous,
three-quarters of an inch long, and nearly as broad across
the corolla. Calyx campanulate, green ; lobes orbicular,
quite entire. Corolla fleshy, lobes nearly orbicular, con-
cave, incurved disk apricot yellow, margins crenulate.
Disk (incorrectly figured) closing the mouth of the corolla,
broad, fleshy, ten-lobulate, with twenty radiating low
ridges, and five hemispheric low fleshy processes projecting
from under its margin and alternating with the corolla-
lobes. Stamens five, erect, inserted within the disk,
filaments very short, fleshy; anthers broadly ovate, con-
niving, connective thick, produced into an obtuse point.
Ovary minute, ovoid, narrowed into a short style with a
minute capitate stigma ; ovules few, inserted in a whorl
round the base of the conical placenta. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, the same with the corolla-lobes cut off (disk incurved in both) ;
3 and 4, stamens ; 5, ovary ; 6, vertical section of ditto :— all enlarged.
6329.
i
VTugentBro'-
l.Reeve &. C° London.
Tab. 6929.
HEUCHERA sanguinea.
Native of New Mexico and Arizona.
Nat. Ord. Saxifragace;e. — Tribe Saxifrages.
Genus Heucheea, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. vol. i. p. 638.)
Heuchera sanguinea ; gracilis, paree patentim piloea, f'oliis longe petiolatis
orbicularibus profunde cordatis margine 5-7-lobatis lobis late crenato-dentatis,
scapo elongato gracillimo, panicula laxiflora glanduloso-pubeseente, floribus
breviter pedicellatis sanguineis.
H. sanguinea, Engelmann But. Wislizenits's Expedition, p. 23 ; Gray Plant.
Wright, pt. ii. p. 63 ; Walp. Ann. vol. iii. p. 897.
This, as Gray observes, is by far the handsomest species
of the genus, which is itself, I may add, a very unpretending
one, and in which so really pretty a plant as this was not
to have been expected, especially as, except in Escallonia,
the bright reds are rare in the Order to which it belongs.
It is curious, and a further instance of the unattractive
features of the Ileacheras, that though no fewer than fifteen
species, all North American, and all presumably hardy,
are enumerated in Watson's '* Index of North American
Botany," and though several have been cultivated in this
country, one only had been, previous to this, figured in a
horticultural work; this one is II. cylindrica, Dougl.
(Botanical Register, t. 1924). The original species, how-
ever, the Linna?an H. americana, appears in a plate of
Hill's " Vegetable System," vol. xiii. t. 43, f. 1, as the
Dingy Wellwood, published so long ago as 1761.
There is another species which from its specific name
may be supposed to deserve the attention of horticulturists;
it is the II. rubescens, Torrey, a native of California; its
flowers are described as pale pink. H. sanguinea is a native
of rocky places on the Pacific slope of the South -Western
United States of America, Arizona, and New Mexico. It
was introduced into Europe by Mr. Ware, of Tottenham,
and the specimen here figured flowered in the Rock
Garden at Kcw in June, 1886.
ArRiL 1st, 1887.
Desce. Bootstoch stout, woody. Leaves sparsely pilose
with long spreading hairs, petiole three to six inches long,
very slender, hirsute towards the base ; limb two to two and
a half inches in diameter, membranous, orbicular, deeply
cordate at the base with a narrow sinus and rounded lobes,
pubescent on both surfaces, margin shallowly five- to seven-
lobed, lobes with three to five very broad mucronate teeth,
deep green above, paler beneath. Scape twice as long as
the petioles or more, very slender, pilose below, glandular-
pubescent above, as is the panicle, naked or with a minute
narrow entire or pinnatifid leaf. Panicle with the top and
slencler branches drooping and often secund ; bracts small,
the lower green and pinnatifid, the upper slender entire
and coloured. Flowers four to six at the ends of the
branches, half an inch long, pendulous from short slender
pedicels, scarlet, glandular-pubescent ; bracteoles slender,
linear. Calyx campanulate ; lobes short, rounded, glandular-
pubescent without and within. Petals minute, almost
included, linear-spathulate. Stamens short. Ovary half-
superior ; styles short. — J. D. H.
Pig. 1, Calvx laid open ; 2, petal ; 3 and 4, stamens ; 5, ovary : — all enlarged.
L Reeve LC°l
"•""w*l«UH|
Tab. 6930.
CRYSANTHEMUM multicaule.
Native of Algeria.
Nat, Ord. Composite. — Tribe ANTHEMiBEiE.
Genus Chrysanthemum, Linn.; (Benth. et Hoolc.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 424.)
Chrysanthemum (Glossopappus) multicaule; annuum, glabrum, multicaule,
camosum, caulibus robustis ascendentibus suberectisve, ramis monocephalis,
foliis breviter petiolatis aliis spatbulatis grosse dentatis aliis pinnatisectis seg-
mentis paucis divaricatis anguste linearlbus acutis integris, involucri bracteis
oblortgis extimis inappendiculatis intimis appendice orbiculari hyalina ter-
minals, ligulis late oblongis aureis, acheniis radii obovoideis tubo hyalino
cnronatis iacie interiore 2-3 alatis, disci squama brevi rotundata ventrali
terminatis.
C. multicaule, Desfontaine Flor. Atlant. vol. ii. p. 182, t. 236 ; Pers. Synojis.
vol. ii. p. 462.
Pyretbrum multicaule, Willd. Sp. PI. vol. iii. p. 2158; Spreng. Syst. Veg.
vol. iii. p. 587; DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p. 61.
Coleos^ephus multicaulis, Durieu in Duchart. Sev. Pot. vol. i. p. 364, and Pot.
Alger, t. 58, f. 7-10.
The vast genus Chrysanthemum, including as it now
does Pyrethrum and a host of monotypic or oligotypic
genera, contains upwards of 1 20 nominal species, of which
Bentham considers that about 80 may be regarded as well
established. The dividing these into sub-genera and sections
is a great difficulty, founded as such divisions are chiefly on
the varying form of the pappus. The subject of the present
plate has been referred to Goleostephus, of which the type
is G. Myconis, L., and also to another genus Glossopappus,
which hardly differs. G. multicaule is a native of various
parts of Algeria ; it was first found in the Oran province
by Desfontaines, and has since been collected at Biskra
and elsewhere growing in sandy fields, &c. Judging from
a rather insufficient example, it extends to Marocco, whence
a specimen collected at Tangier by Broussonet is in the
Hookerian Herbarium at Kew.
I am indebted to Mr. Lynch, of the Cambridge Botanical
Gardens, for the fine specimen figured here, which is much
aprii 1st, 1887.
larger, more branched and succulent than are native ones
in the Herbarium. It flowered in July and August.
Desoe. A glabrous glaucous annual, with many simple
or branched stout, terete, erect or ascending stems six to
twelve inches high. Leaves succulent, very variable,
sometimes linear-spathulate, one to three inches long and
one-half to three-fourths of an inch broad, and coarsely
toothed or lobulate, at others much shorter and trisect or
pinnatisect with few very narrow linear acute entire seg-
ments about a line broad. Heads solitary at the ends of
the stems or branches, long-peduncled, one and a half to
two and a half inches broad, golden-yellow. Involucre
hemispheric, outer bracts oblong, green, with hyaline
margins, inner with very large rounded hyaline appendages.
Ray-flowers twelve to twenty, tube very short ; limb very
broadly oblong, obscurely crenate at the tip. Dish-flowers
very numerous, outer shortly flagon-shaped, base almost
cordate, contracted at the minute five-toothed mouth,
innermost smaller, nearly tubular. Achenes of the ray
short, very broad, dors ahy deeply furrowed, and with
three or four ventral thick wing-like ribs crowned by a
hyaline truncate and obliquely cleft tube; — of the disk
shorter, with two oblong parallel ventral swellings crowned
with a scale or annular corona. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower of the ray; 2, achene and corona of the same; 3, outer Bower
of the disk ; 4, stamens ; 5, style-arms ; 6, innermost dis-k-flower : — all enlarged.
6931
.
1. Reeve &X° London
Tab. 6931.
HEDYSARUM microcalyx.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Leguminoss. — Tribe HedysarejE.
Genus Hedysarum, Linn.; {Benth. et Huok.f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 510.)
Hedysarum (Eleutberotium) microcalyx ; glabrum, caule robusto ramoso folioso,
foliis pinnatis, pinnis 9— 13-jngis obovato-oblongis v. ellipticis acutis, nervis
numerosis tenuissimis, stipulis membran;teeis in unara 2-fidam connatis,
racemis longe pednnculatis pnberulis multifloris, floribus breviter pedicellutis,
braoteia parvis linearibus meinbranaceis, caljce parvo hemispherico ore obliqao
minute 5-denttto corolla pluries breviore, vexillo anguste obovato-spathulafo
apice 2-lobo, alis angustis vexillo aequilongis apicibus recurvis basi longiuscule
calcaratis, carina alis et vexillo multo majore dimidiato-oblongs obtnsa,
legumine 2-articulato articulis oblongis late marginatis plano-compressis reti-
cularis.
H. microcalyx, Baker in Flor. Brit. Ind. vol. ii. p. 147.
This very handsome plant is a near ally of the common
Sainfoin, Hedysarum coronarium, L., but is a far more
beautiful species, a very free flowerer, and well adapted for
the climate of Great Britain. It is confined to the Western
Himalaya, where it extends from Garwhal, the province
west of Kumaon, to Cashmere, at elevations of 11,000 to
13,000 feet. It was discovered by Falconer half a century
ago, but remained long unpublished. The plant was raised
from seed and flowers in June.
Desce. A tall nearly glabrous leafy shrub; branches
stout, herbaceous, fistular. Leaves a foot long and under,
rachis slender ; pinna3 eight to ten pairs, three-quarters to
one and a half inch long, opposite, petiolulate, oblong or
ovate-oblong, obtuse or acute, when mature glabrous or
sparsely hairy beneath, young softly appressedly hairy,
nerves very many, slender; stipules connate in pairs, mem-
branous, sheathing, simple or bifid, the lobes sometimes
elongate, uppermost on the young shoots sometimes two
inches long, sheathing the young leaves and racemes.
Racemes axillary, a foot long and under, very long-
peduncled, many-flowered ; bracts membranous, subulate ;
ArniL 1st, 1887.
flowers shortly pedicelled, an inch long, bright violet-red.
Calyx hemispheric, minutely bibracteolate, obliquely trun-
cate, five-toothed, the lower tooth rather the longest.
Standard narrowly oblong-obovate, emarginate, equalling
the narrow linear wings which have clecurved points and long
spur-like basal lobes ; keel-petals much larger and longer
than the wings and standard, dimidiate-oblong, obtuse.
Filaments glabrous; anthers minute. Ovary lanceolate,
stipitate, glabrous ; style filiform ; stigma minute. Pod
stipitate, biarticulate, joints quite flat, oblong, one-half to
two-thirds of an inch long, with a thin flat margin and
reticulately nerved faces; pericarp very thin. Seeds
flattened, reniform, much smaller than the cell.
Fig. 1, Calyx and bracteoles ; 2, standard ; 3, keel-petals ; 4, wings ; 5, stamens
6, ovary ; — all enlarged.
6932.
IvtS.dfil.J.N.Titchlith
Vincent 7 . Sonfep
L Reeve &. C° London.
Tab. 6932.
MOMORDICA INVOLUCRATA.
Native of Natal.
Nat. Ord. Cucubbitace.e. — Tribe Cucumebineje.
Genus Momoedica, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 825.)
Momoedtca involucrata ; glaberrima, caulibus gracillimis, foliis petiolatis ambitu
orbieularibus v. late ovatis palmatim 5-lobis, lobis repando-dentatis dentibus
aristatis, pedunculis 1-floris, masculis elongatis apice bractea lata orbiculari
florem involucrante instructis, calycis segmentis rotundatis viridibus purpureo-
v. brunneo-striatis, corolla? navidse tubo brevi, lobis obovato-rotundatis,
tribus basi atro-purpureis, pedunculis fcemineis masculis brevioribus, infra
medium bractea parva instructis, ovario lageniforme subtuberculato, calycis
segmentis parvis ovato-lanceolatis, corolla maris sed minoie maculis 3 basi
minutis, stylo columnari, stigmatibus 3 capitellatis, fructu coccineo rhombeo-
ovoideo tuberculis sparsis, testa extus carnosa.
M. involucrata, JE. Meyer in Herh. Drege ; Harv. and Sonder Fl. Cap. vol. ii.
p. 491 ; Baker in Saunder's Mefug. Bot. vol. iv. t. 223.
This elegant climber seems to be a common plant in the
neighbourhood of Durban, where it was discovered by the
German collector Drege, and has since been found by
many collectors. It was introduced into cultivation by
Mr. Thomas Cooper, a collector for the late W. "Wilson
Saunders, Esq., F.R.S., who raised it from seeds in his
celebrated garden at Reigate in Surrey about twenty years
ago, and figured the plant in his " Refugium."
The specimen here figured flowered in the Water Lily
House at Kew in July, 1886, and fruited profusely, forming
a very attractive feature in the house.
Desok. An extensive glabrous climber; stem very
slender, copiously branched and festooning bushes and
buildings with its annual growths ; branches almost filiform.
Leaves one and a half to two inches in diameter, nearly
orbicular in outline, or very broadly ovate with a deeply
cordate base, membranous, bright green, five-lobed, lobes
ovate with a rounded sinus and a few broad apiculate teeth,
the terminal lobe sometimes again three-lobed, petiole one-
fourth to one inch, slender; tendrils simple, capillary,
sometimes six inches long. Male flowers solitary in all the
APEIL 1st, 1887.
upper axils ; peduncle one to four inches long, slender,,
bearing an orbicular white bract, one-half to an inch in
diameter, veined with green beneath the flower. Male
flower sessile in the bracts, nearly two inches in diameter.
Calyx-lobes orbicular, green. Corolla pale yellowish with
three broad greenish spots on the short tubes and extending
as broad veins on to the base of the five large orbicular
crenate rounded lobes. Anther-head subsessile, anther-
cells sinuous, connective hairy. Female flowers few, axil-
lary, peduncle 'shorter than the male, bracteate below the
middle. Calyx-tube (or ovary) narrowly pitcher-shaped,
muricate ; lobes small, ovate, acute. Corolla an inch in
diameter, lobes revolute ; epigynous glands green ; style
columnar, with three short spreading arms which bear
capitate stigmas. Fruit two inches long, rhomboiclal
oblong, contracted at the base and apex, scarlet, fleshy;
surface with a few soft low tubercles. Seeds oblong ;
testa brown, rough, covered with a thick fleshy scarlet
coat. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Male branch ; 2, stamina] column ; 3, anther from ditto ; 4, portion of
female branch and flower ; 5, ovary and calyx ; 6, branch with fruit ; 7, seed with
axil; 8, seed removed from aril: — all but Jigs. 2, 3, and 5 of the natural size, the
rest enlarged.
6933.
""jW ^W
Tab. 6933.
XANTHORRH,EA Pbmssii.
Native of South-Western Australia.
Xat. Ord. Juncace^:. — Tribe Xkuote.e.
Genus Xanthobbii-EA, Smith ; {Benth. et Heok.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 866.)
Xanthorehjea Preissii; caudice arborco, foliis o basi latiasoala longissiniis
gracilibus 3-4-quetris Iambus vigidulis junioribus fragilibus, seapo robust o
3-8 pedali, spiea scapo eequilonga elongato cylindract'a obtusa basi zona
bractearum rigidarum instructs, braeteis extimis alabastra vix excedentibos,
bracteolis lineari-spatluilatis v. lanceolatis perianthio paulo brcvioribus, peri-
anthii segmentis exterioribus ansruste oblongis concavis siccis 3-5-neiviis,
interioribus paulo latioribus 5-7-nerviis apice obtusis membrana angusta
alatis.
X. Preissii, Endliclier in Plant. Preiss. vol. ii. p. 39; Bcntli. Flor. Austral.
vol. vii. p. 117.
X. Brunonis, Endl. I. c.
X. Drummondii ,Uarv. in Hook. Keio Journ. Pot. vol. vii. p. 57.
X. pecoris, F. Muell. Fragment. Fl, Austral, vol. iv. p. 110.
This is the fourth species of the remarkable Australian
genus of " Grass Gum-trees " that has flowered in the Royal
Gardens of Kew, and been figured in this Magazenb, the
others being X qradrangulata (Tab. 6075), X. hastilis (Tab.
4722), and X. minor (Tab. 6297). It is confined to the Swan
River Colony,, and is the only species certainly known to
grow there, except X. gracilis, which differs in its flat
leaves and the broad wings at the tips of the inner
segments of the perianth. I say certainly, however, for
Bentham, who includes under X. Preissii, X. Brunonis,
Drummondii and ^ecoris, says, "I maybe wrong in uniting
the above supposed species, but I am quite unable to
distinguish them by dried specimens." That he was
right, however, may be inferred from the fact that none of
them are taken up by Fred. Mueller in his last enumeration
of all known Australian plants.
Of these three, X. Brunonis has no differential charac-
ters of importance assigned to it by its author. X. Drum-
mondii was described by Harvey, who supposed it to be
may 1st, 1887.
distinguishable from Preissil by the far less brittle and
square instead of rhomboidal leaves (a variable character).
He describes it as the finest of the genus, and producing
the most valuable gum. X pecoris, again, was charac-
terized by the very fragile compressed tetragonal leaves
and shortness of the scape. It is described as attaining
fifeeen feet in height, with disagreeably scented flowers,
and as being of the greatest use in the colony from its
forming the principal food of the sheep and cattle through-
out a great part of the year.
X. Preissil flowered in the Succulent House at Kew in
June of last year, the trunk being hardly formed, and not
reaching a foot above the ground; it was one of two
specimens received in the same year from the West
Australian Commissioners of the Indo-Colonial Exhibition.
Other specimens had been previously received from the
same source, through the representations of Baron von
Mueller.
Desce. Trunk (in its native country) ten to fifteen feet
high, robust. Leaves three to four feet longj^ery slender
from a short broad base, sharply three- to four-angled,
brittle when young, margins nearly smooth, light green.
Scape one to eight feet long ; spike as long, and two to
two and a half inches in diameter, surrounded at the base'
by a zone of rigid lanceolate imbricating bracts half to
three-quarters of an inch long; outer bracts short, not
produced beyond the fully developed flowers; bracteoles
shorter than the perianth, narrowly oblong or subspathulate.
Perianth one-third of an inch long; outer segments
narrowly linear-oblong, concave, acute; inner longer,
broader, with a narrow scarious wing round the tip.
Stamens about twice as long as the perianth. Capsule
half an inch long, valves acuminate. — J. D. 11.
Fig. 1, Whole plant, reduced ; 2, leaf, nat. size; 3, section of leaf at one-third
distance from base; 4, ditto at two-thirds; 5, inflorescence, nat. size; 6, bracts ;
7, flower ; 8, outer perianth-segment ; 9, inner ditto ; 10, stamen ; 11, pistil ; 12,
section of ovary; 13, fruit of nat. size; 14, fruit; 15, seed: — all but jigs. 1,2,
5, and 13 enlarged.
6934
MSdel.JKRtxiilith.
Vincent Brooks Day & So* fop
LBsevs &_C° London
Tab. 6934.
ARISTOLOCHIA eidicula.
Native of Brazil.
Nat. Ord. Abistolochie^:.
Genus ABlSTOLOCHrA, Linn.; (Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 123.)
Abistolochia (Gymnolobus) ridicula ; scandens, suffruticosa, caule gracili petiolis
pedunculis perianthioque extus pilis elongati8 patentibus hispidissimis, foliis
petiolatis membranaceis reniformi-rotundatis basi cordatis quintuplinerviis
supra laxe setulosis subtus toraentellis reticulars, nervis gracilibus, pedunculis
axillaribus 1-floris, ovario gracillimo, perianthii flavi brunneo-irrorati utriculo
oblongo inflato, tubo curvo requilongo cylindraceo, limbi ore rotundato, lobis
2 posticis lineari-oblongis deorsum spectantibus glandulis longe stipitatis
submarginalibus ornatis, marginibus recurvis, fauce pilis inflexis farcta, antberis
G linearibus lobis columnar oppositis, stigmatibus brevibus obtusis.
A. ridicula, N. E. Brown Vn, Gard. Chron. vol. xxvi. (1886), p. 360, fig. 73.
This most singular-looking plant was introduced from
the Brazils by Mr. Bull, and is well figured and described
by Mr. Brown in the " Gardener's Chronicle " referred to
above. It belongs to a large South American section of the
genus, of which 105 species are described by Duchartre in
De Candolle's Prodromus, and to a hexandrous division of
it, to which Klotzsch gave the generic name of Howardia.
To the same division belong, of species figured in this
work, A. macroura, Gomez (A. cdudata, Booth., Tab. 3769),
A. anguicida, Lin. (Tab. 4361), and others ; but none of
them have the grotesque disposition of the lobes of the
perianth that has suggested to Mr. Brown the apt trivial
name of A. ridicula. Its nearest ally, and it is a very
near one, is, as he indicates, A. eriantha. Mart, and Zucc.
(Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol. i. p. 78, t. 53), a widely distributed
Brazilian species, identical in foliage and size and general
form of flower, and differing chiefly in the spathulate tips
of the lobes of the corolla, to which the stipitate glands
appear to be confined. There is also a different dis-
position of the corolla-lobes, which spread forward hori-
zontally in A. eriantha, but backwards and downwards in
MAY 1st, 1887.
\
A. ridicula. The species are otherwise so near, that as
regards the disposition of the corolla-lobes these may
represent an analogous case to that of the right- and left-
handed spiral of univalve shells.
I am indebted to Mr. Bull for the specimen here figured,
which flowered in September, 1886, in his establishment.
Desce. A very slender climber ; stem, petioles, peduncles
and surface of perianth clothed with stiffish very long
horizontally-spreading hairs. Leaves four to five inches in
diameter, membranous, orbicular-reniform with a cordate
base ? bright green, pale beneath, pubescent above with
scattered short rather stiff hairs, finely tomentose, with
closely reticulate nerves beneath; nerves very slender,
pedately spreading, with a few -stiff long bristles towards the
base ; petiole one to two inches long ; stipular leaf orbicular,
recurved. Flowers axillary, solitary, about two inches
long exclusive of the limb ; sac at the base obliquely oblong
and tube of about equal length, the latter very slightly
swollen above the base upwards, pale yellow with broken
veins of dull brownish purple ; limb with reflexed margins,
bright yellow spotted with red purple, produced dorsally
into two divaricate deflexed linear-obtuse lobes about an
inch long and half an inch broad ; these lobes bear scat-
tered clavellate glands on capillary stalks; mouth and
throat of the tube stuffed with deflexed white hairs ; sac
within villous and with the mouth deeply inflexed.
Staminal column short, very shortly stipitate, produced
into six triangular obtuse stigmatic lobes, with thickened
margins, and bearing six linear anthers. Ovary very
slender. — /. D. H.
Fig. I, Portion of under surface of leaf ; 2, sac of perianth laid open ; 3, staminal
column : — all enlarged.
6035
M. S del. J NJitch.it}.
,:_BrooteDay&
LReeve&C° London.
Tab. 6935.
DISPORUM Leschenaultianum.
Native of South India and Cexjlon.
Nat, Ord. LuiACEiE. — Tribe Uvulaeiej..
Genus DisroRUJr, Salisb.; {Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 831.)
Dispoeum Leschenaultianum; glaberrimum, caulibus dichotome ramosis acute
angulatis, foliis breviter petiolatia ellipticis utrinque acutis v. acuminatis
plicato-G-9-nerviis, floribus in axillis superioribus 2-5-nis cernuis crassiuscule
pedicellatis albis, perianthii segmentis oblongis obtusia basi vix saccatis costa
crassiuscula subcarinatis, staminibus brevibus, antheris oblongis, ovario obo-
voideo, stylo erecto, stigmatibus revolutis, bacca depresso-globosa ccerulea
oligosperma, seminibus globosis.
T>. Leschenaultianum, D. Don in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol. xviii. p. 528 ; Kunth
Enum. Plant, vol. W. p. 207 ; Wight Ic. PI. Lid. Or. t. 2048 ; Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 590; Thwaitcs Enum. PI. Ceylan. p. 338.
Uvularia Leschenaultiana, Wall. Cat. No. 5089 ; Royle III. Plant. Himal.
t. 96, f. 2.
D. cejlanicum and D. mysorense, Wight Ic. t. 10-19.
The genus D-isporum offers a singular case of geographical
distribution. It contains only five described species, or
eight including Prosartes, which is doubtfully distinct, and
confined to Western North America. Of the five typical
species, one, D. smilacinum, A. Gray, is Japanese and
Eastern Siberian ; a second, D. sessile, Don, is confined to
Japan ; a third, D. calcaratum, Don, is Eastern Himalayan ;
and the fourth, D. pullum, Salisb. (Uvularia chinensis,
Bot. Mag. t. 916), extends from Japan and China to the
Central and Eastern Himalaya, Bengal, Sumatra, and
Java ; whilst the fifth, the subject of the present plate, is
confined to the southern mountains of the Western Penin-
sula of India and of Ceylon. D. Leschenaultianum is a
native of the Nilghiri Hills, and probably of other
mountain ranges at the southern extremity of the Peninsula
of India, for it reappears in Ceylon, where it reaches an
elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet.
The plant here figured was raised from seed sent to Kew
a good many years ago by the late G. H. K. Thwaites,
may 1st, 1887.
F.R.S., then Director of the Botanical Gardens of Pera-
denyia. It flowers annually in a cool greenhouse in the
spring months. It is a variable plant in the size and length
of the leaves, size of the flower, and length and acuteness
of the perianth- segments ; but the three species founded by
Wight on dried specimens of it depend on characters due
to withering or pressure rather than to natural ones.
Descr. A rather rigid herb, one to two feet high ; root-
stock creeping, stem dichotomously branched above, and
branches acutely angled; base of stem with broad sheath-
ing foliaceous scales; branches leafy. Leaves rather rigid,
one to four inches long by one to two inches broad,
narrowed into a distinct petiole, from elliptic to elliptic-
lanceolate and almost orbicular, cuspidate acute acuminate
or almost caudate, usually five-nerved and with as many
shallow folds; cross-nervules distinct. Flowers half to
three-quarters of an inch in diameter, subcampanulate,
white, from two to five together in the axils of the upper-
most leaves ; peduncle one to one and a half inch long,
stout, angular, decurved. Sepals six in two series, oblong
or linear-oblong, obtuse or subacute, hardly saccate at the
three-ribbed base, rather thick, almost keeled by the mid-
rib. Stamens six, shorter than the sepals ; filaments stout,
subulate, about equalling the oblong anthers. Ovary
obovoid ; style stout, with three revolute stigmas. Berry
three-quarters of an inch in diameter, depressed globose,
dark blue, few-seeded. Seeds globose. — J. B. II.
Fig. 1, Petal; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, pistil; 5, transverse section of ovary; 6,
ripe fruit ; 7 and 8, seeds :— all but Jigs. 6 and 7 enlarged.
6936
KSdfil J.N.Frtdihth
Vincent Br note Day A-Soafctp
LTteeve fit CLoadon.
Tab. 6936. •
PLEUROTHALLIS insignis.
Native of Caraccas ?
Nat. Ord. Oechidace^e. — Tribe Epidendbe.e.
Genus Pleubothallis, Br.; {Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 488.)
PleubothaELIS (Acuminatce) insignis ; folio lineari-oblongo obtuso basi angustato
crasse coviaceo, scapo 2-fioro, sepalis 2 e basi ovato-oblonga concava in caudas
longissimas angustatis inferiore 4- superiore 3-nervi, petalis e basi parva oblonga-
apice biloba cauda filiformi sepalis sequilonga instructis, labello trilobo, lobis
lateralibus falcato-inourvis obtusis hyalinis, iuterjnedio lineari-oblongo brunneo-
purpureo apice barbato dimidio brevioribus.
P. insignis, Molfe in Gard. Chron. Ser. 3, vol. i. p. 477.
P. giossopogon, Nicholson in Gard. Chron. vol. i. p. 283, not of Bchb.f.
A very near ally of P. giossopogon, Rchb. f ., and at first
sight it resembles a gigantic form of that plant; but
besides the difference in size, which is more than double,
P. insignis wants the pubescence on the sepals, which is
even described by Lindley as velvetiness, though puberulous
appears a better suited term. Other characters are that
the leaf of P. giossopogon is described as narrowed at both
ends, the lip is narrower in proportion, and has three lines
of papillae. On the other hand the forms of the sepals,
petals, and lip are almost identical, and it is more than
probable, in my opinion, that intermediates between these
two species will be found to unite them.
The native country of P. insignis is not recorded, but it
may with much confidence be predicted to be Venezuela
P. giossopogon, biserrula and Swine being all indigenous to
the Caraccas province of that country, at elevations of about
7000 feet. All, as Lindley remarks, are remarkable for
their large dull-coloured flowers, long sepals and weak
bristle-like petals.
The plant figured was received from Messrs. Veitch in
1884, under the name of P. giossopogon ; it flowered in the
Cool Orchid House in the month of February of this year.
Desce. Stems tufted. Leaf three-quarters by one inch,
max 1st, 1887.
linear- oblong, narrowed at the base, obtuse with a recurved
tip, thickly coriaceous. Scape shorter than the leaf, stout;
bract sheathing with an obliquely truncate membranous
tip, two-fld. Floivers very large for the genus. Sepals
two, three inches long, dull creamy white with purple-
brown veins, lower (that at the back of the lip) formed of
two confluent sepals, base ovate-oblong concave, narrowed
into a tail three times the length of the base, which latter
has four coloured nerves ; upper sepal as long, but narrower,
with three coloured nerves. Petals creamy white, basal
part shortly oblong, a quarter of an inch long, three-nerved,
toothed at the tip, and with a filiform tail as long as the
sepals inserted between the teeth. Lip three-quarters of
an inch long, three-lobed ; lateral lobes basal, linear, as-
cending, and falcately incurved with obtuse hooked tips,
colourless and hyaline; midlobe twice as long as the
lateral, linear - oblong, red -brown, obscurely papillose,
grooved down the centre, bearded at the darker tip.
Column short, obtuse, with two tumid villous prominences
at the base in front. Ovary short, grooved.— J". B. H.
Fig. 1, Side view of column and lip ; 2, front view of column ; 3 and 4, front
and back view of anther ; 5, pollen-masses :— all enlarged.
6937.
ilS.dd.J.HHldiMk
^nceatBtooteD^^anfoP
LReeve &.C?londan.
Tab. 6937.
BILLBERGIA decora.
Native of the Amazon Valle;/.
Nat. Ord. Bbomeliace,*:. — Tribe Bbomelie.e.
Genus Billbergia, Thunb. ; {Benth. et Hook./. Gen. PI. vol. Hi. p. 664.)
Billbebgia (Helicodea) decora ; acaulis, foliis 8-10 loratis dense rosnlatis acutis
sesquipedalibus vel bipedalibus facie albo-lepidotis dorso fasciis albo-lepidotis
transversalibus percnnis marline aculeis crebris parvis brunneis ascendentibus
armatis, pedunculo cernuo subpedali furfuraceo, foliis bracteiformibus pluribus
magnis oblongo-lanceolatis rubellis, floribus 20-3H in spicnm densam pendulam
aggregatis, ovario oblongo lepiduto sulcato, calj'cis segmentis parvis ovatis,
petalis elongatis lanceolatis viridibus spiraliter revolutis, staminibus petalis
brevioribus antheris linearibus basifixis, styli ramis stigmatosis linearibus
spiraliter contortis.
Billbergia decora, Poepp. et Endlich. Nov. Gen. p. 42, tab. 57 ; Beer Brom.
p. 124; E. Morren in Belg. Hort. 1875, p. 221, tab. 13, 14.
B. Baraquiniana, Lemaire in HI. Hort. 1864, tab. 421; K. Koch Wochen, 1865,
p. 141.
This is one of the very finest for horticultural purposes
and most curious of all the Bilbergias. It belongs to the
subgenus Helicodea, which has green petals, which curl up
spirally soon after the flower expands. Its nearest ally is
B. zebrina, Lindl. {Bromelia zebrina, Herbert in Bot. Mag.
t. 2686), which is well known in cultivation. The present
plant differs from zebrina by its longer petals, much shorter
denser spike, longer coloured bracts and less deeply sulcate
ovary. It was first discovered by Poeppig in the year 1831
in the virgin forests of Yurimagues, but it was not intro-
duced into cultivation until 1864, when it was sent by
M. Baraquin to M. Verschaffelt of Ghent. Our drawing
was made from a plant that flowered last January in the
collection of Sir George Macleay at Pendell Court, which
was forwarded to Kew for identification.
Desce. Acaulescent. Leaves eight or ten in a rosette,
lorate, acute, one and a half or two feet long, two inches
broad at the middle, three inches at the dilated clasping
base, firm in texture, thinly mealy all over the face, furnished
with irregular transverse mealy bands on the back,
mat 1st, 1887.
margined with small close brown horny ascending spines.
Peduncle a foot long, cernuous, green, slightly furf uraceous ;
lower bract-leaves distant, lanceolate; upper eight to
nine aggregated towards the base of the spike, large,
oblong- lanceolate, bright red. Spike dense, pendulous,
simple, three to four inches long, almost hidden by the
large bracts; rachis mealy. Ovary oblong, mealy, slial-
lowly sulcate, pale green, finally half an inch long ; calyx-
segments small, ovate, greenish. Petals lanceolate, green,
two inches long, curling up spirally from the base. Stamens
shorter than the petals ; anthers linear, basifixed, yellow.
Style reaching to the tip of the anthers ; stigmatose forks
linear, twisted spirally. — J". G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Complete flower, life-size; 2, base of petal, showing the insertion of a
stamen ; 3, anther and upper part of filament ; 4, stigmas and top of style : — all
more or less enlarged.
6938
MSiBUNtYlrhUth
Vincent Br oolo Day &Soti Imp.
Tad. G938.
OX ERA PULCHELLA.
Native of New Caledonia.
Nat. Ord. Verbenace.e. — Tribe Vitice.e.
Genus Oxera, LabilL; (Benlh. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 1155.)
Ox era pulckella ; frutex glaberrimus scandens, ramis teretibus, foliis oppositis
breviter petiolatis oblongiy v. ovato- v. oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis v. acutis
integerrimis v. grosse erenatis basi acutis v. obtusis, cymlt axillaribus multi-
floris, floribus gracile pedicellatis pendulis, sepalis ellipticis acutis punctatis
pallide viridibns trinerviis, corolla 2-pollicari alba infundibulari carapanulata
lobis latp oblongis, staminibns longe exsertis, ovario 4-lobo disco crasso inserto,
staminodiis brevibus nliformibus.
Oxera pulchella, Lahill. Sertum Austro-Calednn. p. 23, t. 28; ScJtctuer in DC.
Prodr. vol. xi. p. 676; Fenzl in Dcnlsh. Naturf. Vcrxamml. Berickt., 1843,
t. 2, 3 ; Boquill Rev. Verhen. p. 124, t. 19, and in Adun.soniu, vol. ii. p. 294,
and vol. iii. p. 220; Vieillard in Bull. Bot. Soc. Nurmand. vol. vii. p. 98.
Oncoma pulchellum, Spreng, Syst. Veg., Cur. Post. 18.
This very handsome climber is the type of Labillardiere's
genus Oxera, discovered in New Caledonia during the
Voyage a la Recherche de La Perouse, and well described
and figured in that author's " Sertum Austro-Caledonige."
For many years it was the only species of the genus known
to exist, but the late French botanical explorations of their
penal settlement in the Pacific, have added nine others.
The genus is closely allied to Clerodendron, of the climbing
species of which it has the habit, but differs in having only
two stamens and a deeply-divided drupe. The genus is
confined to New Caledonia. 0. pulchella was flowered by
Sir George McLeay, K.C.M.G., in his fine garden at Pendell
Court, Bletchingley, Surrey, in December of last year, and
he kindly forwarded to Kew the specimen from which the
accompanying drawing was made.
Desob. A woody climber, quite glabrous ; branches
slender, terete, smooth. Leaves two to five inches long,
opposite, petioled, bright green, upper on the branches
oblong obtuse or subacute, lower larger, oblong-lanceolate,
obtusely acuminate, quite entire or with broad shallow
juke 1st, 1887.
i
crenatures, finely reticulate beneath, base rounded or acute,
nerves six to eight pair, slender ; petiole one-half to three-
quarters of an inch, terete. Flowers large, pendulous, in
sessile axillary branched many-fld. cymes ; branches and
pedicels very slender, green, bracts minute. Calyx of four
free or connate, elliptic, membranous, three-nerved, subacute,
pale green, punctate, sepals one-half to three-quarters of an
inch long. Corolla two inches long, between funnel- and
bell-shaped, pale yellowish or faintly greenish white, tube
curved terete, lobes broadly oblong. Stamens two, inserted
about the middle of the tube, filaments exserted for half
their length ; anthers small, bright-yellow ; staminodes
between the stamens short, filiform. Ovary deeply four-
lobed, seated on a broad fleshy disk ; style filiform, stigma
minute. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Portion of leaf ; 2, section of calyx and ovary ; 3, corolla-tube laid open,
with »tamena and staminodes; 4, anthers; 5, upper part of style and stigma: —
all enlarged.
-
i arocihsa>^ &Saab ^'
L-ReevB 8c C?Lotli
Tab. G939.
iECHMEA MYRIOPHYLLA.
Native of Tropical America.
Nat. Ord. Bkoiieliace^e. — Tribe Bromelie,e.
Genus JEciiMEA, Ruiz et Pavon. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 663.)
j&CHXBA (Platyrcchmea) myriophglla ; acaulis, foliis 30-40 dense rosulatis ensi-
(ormibus ri^idis falcntiu bipedalibus et ultra facie obscure viridibus canaliculars
dorso ten niter albo-IepidotK pedunculo centrali erecto rubelio subpedali
deorsum folila arete imbrieatis viridibus occulto, floribu* pcrmultis confertis
in paniculam laxam oblongo-deltoideam ramis multis brevibus patulis disticbia
pubst'wsilibus dispositis, bracteis late ovatis obtusis cuspidatis apice solum
lilieris, ovario oblongo. caljcis se^mentis ovato-laneeolatis cuspidatis, petalis
oblonso-spathulatis rubellis calycis segmentis duplo longioribus, staminibus
stvloque petalis brevioribus.
JE. myriopbjlla, Sort. Morren.
This is a very distinct unpublished species of Brouieliad,
which belongs to a small section of the genus JEclimea,
which is characterized by the distichous arrangement of the
flowers, a plan very common in the Tillandsiese, but very
unusual in the genera with an inferior ovary. The only
species of this series which has already been figured in the
Botanical Magazine is Mclnnea distichantha, Lemaire (Bot.
Mag., tab. 5447), but besides these two, nine species are
now known, most of which inhabit the open tracts of the
southern provinces of Brazil. The flowers, though not
large, are bright in colour and remain in good condition
for a long time. Our drawing was made from a plant that
flowered at Kew in October, 1886, which was purchased
from the collection of the late Professor Morren. "We have
no exact information as to its native country.
Desce. Acaulescent, densely casspitose. Leaves thirty
or forty in a dense rosette, ensiform, rigid in texture,
falcate, two or two and a half feet long, an inch broad at
the middle, tapering gradually to a long point, channelled
all the way down the dull-green face, thinly argenteo-
lepidote on the back, neither spotted nor banded, margined
with moderately close ascending brown horny prickles.
June lsx, 1387.
Peduncle erect, central, a foot long, bright red, hidden,
except at the top, by the erect imbricated green bract-
leaves. Panicle oblong-deltoid, bipinnate, half a foot long ;
branches numerous, spreading, distichous, subsessile, an
inch or an inch and a half long ; flower-bracts broad ovate,
pink, a quarter of an inch long, adnate to the rachis except
at the cuspidate tip. Ovary as long as the bract; calyx-
segments horny, ovate-lanceolate, cuspidate. Petals oblong-
spathulate, connivent, twice as long as the calyx- segments,
pink fading to lilac. Stamens and style not protruded
beyond the petals. — J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, An entire flower ; 2, a petal and stamen ; 3, back view of a stamen ;
4, pistil : — all more or less enlarged.
6340.
KS.dflJilPitilflv
VbciA^SoWJay&Son top-
Tab. 6940.
CAREX scaposa.
Native of South China.
Nat. Ord. Cyperace,e. — Tribe Carice^e.
Genus Carex, Linn.; {Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 1073.)
Carex scaposa; "glaberrima, fnliis radicalibtlt longe petiolatis lanoeolatis acumioatil
plains lutusimu 1— 1 \ poll, latis, eulmo florigero sabapb jllo elongate*, peduncalis
axillaribus remotis apice composite eorjmbiferis, bracteis angnatis erectis,
spicis subsessilibus densis multifloris apice maaculu. utriculis ovoideis trigonti
glabrisin rostrum cylindrical!! subito aagastatis, stylo trifido." — C. B. Clarke.
The singular plant here figured is of more botanical
tli an horticultural interest, though a well-grown pot of it
may well compare with any of the Gyperi now so com-
monly grown for decorative purposes. Mr. C. B. Clarke,
who is now engaged upon the family of Cyperacem, has
kindly named and given a diagnosis of it for this Magazine.
He informs me that it belongs to a subsection " Scaposa? "
of the huge genus Car ex (which numbers upwards of 500
species), and of which the 0. pandanophylla, Kurz, a
Burmese plant, was the first-known Indian representative.
There are, however, several American allies of the scapose
section, of which one has been long cultivated in gardens;
namely, the curious G. Fraseri, Andr. (Bot. Mag. t. 1391),
of the Southern United States. C. Fraseri, however, differs
notably from the Indian " Scaposce " in the characters of
the spike, which is simple. Unlike as C. scaposa and
pandanophylla are in habit to the ordinary Indian types of
Car ex, Mr. Clarke informs me that in India, as in America,
there is a gradual transition from these to the leafy
culmed species, so that it is impossible to separate them
definitely.
C. scaposa is a native of the Lo-fau-shan Mountains on
the coast of China, opposite to the Island of Hong Kong,
where it was discovered growing at an elevation of 32oO
feet by Mr. Chas. Ford, of the Hong Kong Botanical
june 1st, 1887.
Gardens, who sent living plants to Kew in 1883, which
flower in the winter months.
Desce. Eootstoch stout, short, creeping; young stolons
clothed with sheathing scales. Radical leaves a foot long
and upwards by one to two inches broad, elliptic-lanceolate,
acuminate at both ends, flat, striated and three-nerved,
quite smooth, bright green, narrowed into a distinct
petiole which is sometimes three to four inches long, at
others much shorter, margins, nerves, and slender midrib
perfectly smooth. Flowering scapes longer or shorter than
the leaves, stout, erect, obtusely trigonous, naked or with
one or more acuminate appressed sheaths bearing three or
more superposed erect peduncled rounded brown cymes
one to two inches broad, with divaricate branchlets ; bracts
very slender, erect, hardly sheathing below, longer or
shorter than the peduncles of the cymes. Spikelets one-
sixth to a quarter of an inch long, each with terminal male
flowers, and female flowers below, sessile on the short
branchlets of the cymes, divaricate ; bract at the base
of the spikelet gibbously ampulliform, with a narrow neck
and small truncate mouth, smooth, terete, punctate.
Glumes ovate-lanceolate, subacute, nerves very faint, quite
smooth. Stamens three ; anthers slender, as long as the
filaments. Utricle elliptic - ovate, trigonous, perfectly
smooth, narrowed into a slender beak half as long as itself;
mouth minute, truncate. Nut trigonous, rhomboidly ovate,
perfectly smooth ; stigma filiform, as long as the slender
style.— J. D. E.
Fig. 1, Section of scape ; 2, portion of cyme ; 3, spikelets with bract ; 4, glume
of feui. fl. ; 5, male fl. and glume ; 6, utricle and stigmas ; 7, nut with style and
stigmas : — all enlarged.
6941.
I NPitckOrfh
VmoerttHro 6ksJ}xf & Sv?Zn$
X Reeve & C° Lor.im.
Tab. 6941.
PULTEN^EA kosea.
Native of Victoria.
Nat. Ord. Leguminos.e. — Tribe Podaltriej;.
Genus Pulten^a, Sin.; (Benth. et Hook, f. Gen. PI. vol. i. p. 470.)
PtTLTE.\\-A (Cuelophyllutn) rosea; frntex erieoideus, ramulis virjjatis, foliis oon«
fertis patentibus anguste linearibus acutis rigidis aspcro-tiiberriilatis dorao
convexis marginibua ineorru rapra canaliculars, novellia nericeo-villoaia,
stipulis acicuWi-snbulatiis floribaa roaei* in oapituia terminalia aeaailia dis-
positis, bracteolis calvei appreesia lineari-lanceolatis, calycis aericei lobis ovato-
lane^olatis tubo mquilongis, corolla calyce duplo longinre, vexillo rotunda to
nnguiculato, alis onlongta apiee rotandUtia, carina alia paollo minora et
an^ustiore, ovarin villoso, stylo filiformi, Legamine acaminato.
P. rosea. F. Muell. Fragment. Fl. Austral, vol. ii. p. 15, and Plants Indigenous
to Victoria. Suppt. PI. xiii.; Benth. FL Austral, vol. ii. p. 12b; Masters in
Oard. Chron. N. S. vol. vii. (1887), p. 431, fig. 67.
Burtn-iia snbdpina, F. JSIuell. in Trans. Phil. Inst. Vict. vol. i. p. 39; and in
Hook. Keiv Journ. Pot. vol. viii. (185(3), p. 41.
The opportunity of figuring a species of Pultencea recalls
the fact that it belongs to a class of very beautiful
Australian flowering shrubs, that were, with the South
African, the staple furniture of the greenhouse in the early
part of the century. In evidence of this, it is only neces-
sary to turn to the first volumes of this Magazine, wherein
no less than ten species are figured. These were all
published upwards of half a century ago ; the first, P.
stipularis, Sm. (Tab. 475), in the year 1800 ; and the last,
P. cordata, Grab., a var. of jtmiperina, Labill. (Tab. 3443),
in 18-J5. Since the latter period none have appeared in
the Maoazine, and not half-a-dozen in all other European
works dedicated to Horticulture. No doubt the time will
come wdien a corner, at any rate, of the greenhouse will be
devoted to plants of this class, and when this does come
there are few genera that can supply more ornamental
species than Pultencea, of which seventy-five species are
described in Bentham's " Flora Australiensis."
P. rosea is a native of the summit of Mount William, in
the Grampian range of Victoria, where it was discovered
jtne 1st, 1887.
by Baron von Mueller at an elevation of 5000 feet ; and to
that eminent Botanist the Royal Gardens are indebted for
the seeds from which the plant here figured was raised.
It is one of the very few species of the genus with rose-
coloured flowers, which appear in the month of April.
Descr. A heath-like shrub, with erect twiggy branches,
naked and scarred below. Leaves close set, uniform in
size and form, spreading horizontally, about half an inch
long, sessile, narrowly linear, rigid, acute, bark convex and
rough with raised points, margins incurved, leaving a deep
channel on the upper surface; young leaves silkily villous;
stipules minute, subulate or acicular. Flowers in a terminal
sessile head, of a bright rose-colour; bracts obscure;
bracteoles linear-lanceolate, appressed to the calyx. Calyx
five-lobed, silky, lobes ovate-lanceolate, twice the length
of the tube, acute, erect. Corolla twice as long as the
calyx; standard with rather a long claw, orbicular ; wings
oblong, rounded at the tip, about as long as the standard ;
keel rather smaller and narrower than the wings. Ovary
lanceolate, silky ; style filiform ; ovules two. — J. D. S.
Fi<r. 1, Portion of branch and leaves seen on the upper side ; 2, section of leaf ;
3, calyx, stamens, and pistil; 4, standard; 5, wing petal; 6, keel; 7, pistil; 8,
section of ovary, showing the ovules; 9, ovule: — all enlarged.
ioksDay
DayS-S '
Tab. 6942.
IRIS (Xiphion) Vaetani.
Native of Palestine.
Nat. Ord. Iride.e.— Tribe MoB.EE.a3.
Genus Ibis, Linn. ; (Benth, et Hoolc.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. C8f>.)
Ibis (Xiphion) Vartani ; bulbis anguste ovoideis dense cajspitosis tunicis exteri-
oribus fibroso-eancellatis pallide brunneis, foliis rudimentariis paucis linearibus
scariosis, productis 2 tetragonis viridibus angulis acutis faciebus leviter
excavatis, pedunculo brevissirao hypogajo, spatha? valvis lanceolatis mem-
branaceis pallidis insequalibus, perianthio tubo pallido 2^-pollicari, limbo
lilacino segmentis exterioribus oblongo-spathulatis multilineatis flore expanso
e medio patulis e basi supra medium crista lutea crispata prseditis, interioribus
paulo brevioribus erectis oblanceolato-unguiculatis, antheris lilacinis filamento
brevi, styli appendicibus pulchre lilacino lineatis lamina longioribus.
I. Vartani, Foster in Gard. Chron. N. S. vol. xxiii. (1885), p. 438.
This very interesting new bulbous Iris, which has lately-
been introduced into cultivation from the north of Palestine
by Professor M. Foster, forms, with I. reticulata (Bot. Mag.,
tab. 5577) and I. Eistrio (Bot. Mag., tab. 6033), a group
very different in habit and leaf from anything else. The
present plant is easily distinguished from the two species
known previously by the very large appendages of the
stigma, and by the outer segments of the perianth having
a distinctly-raised crisped carinal crest, like that of an
Evansia. It has not the delightful violet fragrance of
reticulata, and the colour is much duller. The bulbs were
sent to Dr. Foster about 1883, by Dr. Vartan, of the
Medical Mission stationed at Nazareth, after whom it is
named. A full account of it will be found in the paper in
the " Gardener's Chronicle " which I have cited. With Dr.
Foster it has flowered in October. The plants from which
our drawing was made were sent up last Christmas by the
Eev. H. Ewbank, of Bycle.
Descr. Bulbs narrow ovoid, densely caespitose, sending
out copious root-fibres ; outer tunics formed of parallel
fibres, with narrow areohe between them; rudimentary
jcne 1st, 1887.
leaves linear, scariose. Produced leaves usually two to a
bulb, tetragonal, eight or nine inches long at the flowering
time, finally more than a foot, dark green, with raised
angles and slightly excavated sides. Peduncle very short,
hidden; spathe-valves lanceolate, pale, membranous, un-
equal. Perianth-tube nearly white, two inches and a half
long ; limb one and a half or two inches long, very shortly
united at the base, pale slaty-lilac ; outer segments oblong-
spathulate, half an inch broad, copiously veined with lilac
on a pale ground, spreading from about the middle when
the flower expands, furnished from above the middle down
to the base with a raised yellow crisped carinal crest ;
inner segments rather shorter, oblanceolate-unguiculate,
erect, a sixth of an inch broad. Anthers lanceolate, dark
lilac, longer than the filaments. Style cleft more than half-
way down ; appendages acuminate and conspicuously
veined with lilac on a whitish ground. — J. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Horizontal section of leaf ; 2, flower, complete, life-size ; 3, face of stamen ;
4, back view of stamen ; 5, stigma and appendages of the style : — more or less
enlarged.
6943
,
Tar. 0943.
LONCHOCARPUS Babteui.
Native of Tropical Africa.
Xat. Orel. Leguminos.e. — Tribe Dalbeegik.t;.
Genus LoNCHOC.iKPCs, If. B. et K.; (Bcnth. ct Hook. f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 518.)
Lonchocarpus (Fasciculati) Barteri ; alte scandals, foliii gracile petioUti*,
i'oliolis 5-7 elliptico-obl(>n>;is ticiitii inatis glabris, raoemia elongatis subpaniou-
latis gracilibus tonientellis, floribua t'lsciculatis brevitrr pcdiccllatis roteis,
ralyce liemispberico 5-crenato, vexillo orbiculari temuter serkvo brevit«-r
unguiculato, alis carinaque rectiusctilis, ovario scricco. stylo brovi, orulii 6—8,
legumine lineari-oblongo acuto basi angustato, semiinbus orbicularibus oom-
pressis.
L. Barteri, Benth. in Jouvn. Linn. Sor. vol. i\\ SuppL p. 99.
A very beautiful climber, belonging to a genus number-
ing nearly fifty species, all, with the exception of six
African, natives of Central and South America. It is
hence a representative in the Old World of a genus that is
characteristic of the New. Of this representation there
are various examples, of which the Cocoa-nut is the most
notable, all the other species of Cocos being confined to
South America, where C. nucifera is not known to be
indigenous. Derris, again, the very next genus of TjPqu-
minosce to Lonchocarpus, offers an example of the distribu-
tion in the opposite direction. It has five-and-thirty species,
all Asiatic except three tropical American; but what is
most curious in the case of Derris is, that it has not been
discovered either in Africa or Polynesia ; hence, in migrating
from Asia to America, it appears to have skipped over the
Dark Continent.
L. Barteri was discovered by Mr. Barter, an indefatigable
collector from Kew, who accompanied Dr. Baikie's Niger
Expedition in 1856-7, and contributed a great number of
plants to the Garden and Herbarium at Kew. It is
probable, however, that Lonchocarpus Barteri was intro-
duced by Gustav Mann, also an e'Je'ce of Kew, and the
most successful of all botanical explorers of western tropical
july 1st, 1887.
Africa; and who in the years 1860-63 contributed a
prodigious number of seeds and living plants to Kew, as
this Magazine testifies. The specimen from which our
drawing* was taken is an immense climber in the Palm
stove, which never flowered till some of its shoots, getting
beyond the reach of the pruning-knife, reached the roof,
and there blossomed profusely in September of last year.
Desce. A tall slender climber, with filiform whip-like
extremities of the branches ; branchlets finely pubescent.
Leaves a foot long or more, with two to three pairs of
leaflets and an odd terminal one ; petiole and rachis very
slender, the former with a cylindric thickening at the base ;
leaflets four to seven inches long, shortly petioliilate,
elliptic-oblong, acuminate or caudate-acuminate, base
rounded, smooth and bright green above, paler beneath
with sometimes a few appressed hairs on the midrib and
nerves beneath ; stipules small, broadly ovate. Racemes
twelve to sixteen inches long, subpaniculate, or with one
or two long flowering branches at the base ; rachis tomen-
tose, with two small recurved stipular bracts at the base.
Flowers in clusters of eight or ten, shortly pedicelled,
three-quarters of an inch long. Calyx hemispheric, red-
brown; mouth with five broad crenatures. Corolla rose-
pink ; standard orbicular, shortly clawed, finely silky
externally ; wings dimidiate, oblong, obtuse, as long as the
linear-oblong nearly straight keel. Ovary pubescent, six-
to eight-ovuled ; style short, incurved. Pod two to three
inches long, linear-oblong, flat, acute, base narrowed,
tomentose, few-seeded. Seeds orbicular, compressed. — ■
J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Filiform top of a branch ; 2, leaf; 3, inflorescence }— ■ all of the natural
size ; 4, calyx and ovary ; 5, standard ; 6, wing petal ; 7, keel petal ; 8, stamens ;
9, section of ovary ; 10, pods ; 11, seed : — all but Jiffs. 1, 2, 3 and 10 enlarged.
63H
l.Retive &C°Loi;.floii.
Tab. 6944.
ALPINIA zingiberika;
Native of Slam.
Nat. Ord. Scitaminie2E.— Tribe Zingibereje.
Genus Alpixia, Linn. ; {Bentli. et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 648.)
Alpinia zingiberina ; glaberrima, foliis breviter petiolatis lineari-oblanceolatis
apiculatis basi acutis, racemo suberecto contraeto, braoteia brevilms Iritis
obtusis scariosis, floribus breviter pedicellatis parvis erectis, corolla) tubo
cylindraceo calyce seqnilongo, corollas lobis 3 pallide viridilm-; lineari-oblongia
obtusis, dorsali lateralibus paullo major*, staminodiis corniformibus patent ibus
basi rubris, labello late ovato obtuso crenulato basi in angaem latum constricto,
disco undulato sanguineo striato, antherae loculis lineari-oblonyis connect ivo
dorso incrassato puberulo Iongioribus, ovario globoso puberulo, stylodiis erectis,
stylo fililbrmi puberulo, stigmate minuto.
Iii the " Gardener's Chronicle " for July, 1886 (vol. xxvi.
ii., p. 150), Mr. Watson, of the Royal Gardens, Kew, drew
attention to the fact of a so-called Ginger, a native of
Siam, having been exhibited in the Siamese department of
the Health Exhibition of 1884, and which differed altogether
from the ginger of commerce. At the close of that Exhi-
bition, the collection of Siamese fruits, &c, was presented
by the Commissioners for that Empire to the Museum of
the Royal Gardens, when it was observed that the rhizomes
sent as ginger were very much thicker and less branched
than those of the officinal plant of that name, and some
being so fresh as to warrant the hope that they would
grow, they were transferred to the propagating pits under
Mr. Watson's care. These in July, 1880, produced flower-
ing stems five feet high, from one of which the accompanying
drawing was made. On being taken to the Herbarium it
was examined by Mr. Baker, who identified it with an
unnamed species of Alpinia sent by the late Sir Robert
Schomburgk from Siam, but without any reference to its
properties, or even to its being a cultivated plant. This is
really all that is known of the history of the so-called Siam
Ginger, and we are still in ignorance as to whether it is a
wild or cultivated plant, and if the latter, whether it is
JULY 1st, 1887.
cultivated (as ,1. Agallocha is in Siam) for its seeds, or
like the^true ginger, for its rhizomes. The latter are very
aromatic, and smell and taste a good deal like the officinal
plant ; they are, however, very much larger, at least three
times as thick, are much more shortly and irregularly
branched, and the branches are thickened in the middle.
Djssob. Rhizomes an inch and more in diameter,
irregularly branched ; branches short, slightly flattened,
tumid in the middle ; internodes about half an inch apart,
colour pale yellowish-brown ; odour of common ginger.
Stems four to five feet high, about as thick as a swan's
quill at the base, leafy throughout. Leaves ten to twelve
inches long by about three inches broad, oblanceolate-
cblong, narrowed from above the' middle to the base, acute
and abruptly cuspidate, quite glabrous, perfectly smooth,
base acute, contracted into a very short petiole above the
sheath ; hgule of the sheath short, obtuse, ciliate ; deep
green above with a pale broad midrib, yellowish-green
beneath. Panicle ten to twelve inches long, nearly erect ;
rachis green, puberulous ; basal sheath very long and
narrow, equalling the panicle, rather persistent; side
branches erecto-patent, an inch long, three- to five-flowered;
floral bracts short, scarious ; pedicels one-sixth to a quarter
of an -inch long, puberulous. Flowers erect, an inch long
from the ovary to the stigma. Calyx cylindric, obtusely
three-lobed, as long as and appressed to the corolla-tube,
about one-third of an inch long. Corolla with the lateral and
dorsal lobes linear-oblong, obtuse, concave, pale green, the
dorsal rather the largest. Lip as long as the lobes, broadly
ovate, obtuse, contracted into a short broad claw, crenate,
surface undulate transversely, white with crimson veins
radiating' from a broad yellow-green midrib. Staminodes
of two horn-like processes, with scarlet bases projecting
at right angles from the base of the lip. Filament
exserted, puberulous ; anther-cells linear, rather longer
than the connective, which is thickened and puberulous at
the back. Ovary globose ; style very slender, puberulous,
stigma minute. — J. D. II.
Fig. 1, Flower-bud ; 2, lip and staminodes; 3, side, and 4, front view of anther;
5, ovary, stylodes aud style ; 6, transverse section of ovary ; 7, ovule :— all enhirjcd.
6945
' ^PitiKliU,
gy^So/iIn?.
London
Tab. 6945.
TILLANDSIA JoNGfler.
Native of Brazil.
Xat. Ord. Bromeliace.e. — Tribe Tillandsieje.
Genus Tillandsia, Linn. ; (Benth. et Ilook.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. G69.)
Tillandsia (Vriesea) Jonghei ; acMulis, foliis 30-50 dense rosnlatis Inratia recur-
vatis pedalibus vel sesquipedalibns vix lepidotis facie viridibus dorso pallide
viridibus deorsum bruimeo tinotis, pedunculo robusto subpedali foliis braetei-
formibus inultis parvis ovatis irnbricatis, floribus 12-20 mas;ni* hoiizontaliter
patulis in spieam disticbam dispositis, bracteis ovatis aeutis calyce viriduln
glutinoso distincte brevioribus, sepalis oblongis obtusis, petalis albidis branneo
tinctis calyce subduplo longioribus, staminibus petalis brevioribus alternis basi
squamis niagnis appendiculati*, stylo brevi, t'ructu calyce paulo longiori.
Tillandsia Jonghei, K. Koch in Wochen. 1868, p. 91 ; E. Morten in BcJg. Hurt.
1874, p. 291, t. 12, 13.
Encbolirion Jonghei, Libon ; K. Koch in Bcrl. All gem. Oartenzeit, 1857, p. 22.
Vriesea Jonghei, JS. Morren in Belg. Hort. 1878, p. 257 ; Antoine, Jirom. p. 21,
t. 16.
This has nothing whatever to do with the genus Enclto-
lirion of Martins, under which it and one or two of its
neighbours were originally published, and under which
they still usually appear in trade catalogues. Encholirion
is closely allied to Dychia, and has long hard leaves, like
those of a Bromelia, with spiny edges. It belongs really
to Vriesea, which in the Grenera Plantarum is classed as a
sub-genus of Tillandsia, from which it differs only by
having the petaloid stamens appendiculate with a pair of
scales at the base. By discoveries and introductions during
the last twenty years the number of species of Vriesea has
been largely increased, and now upwards of fifty are
known, most of which have been brought into cultivation.
The present plant was sent from Central Brazil to Belgium
by M. Libon in the year 1856. Our drawing was made
from a plant that flowered at Kew last winter, which was
purchased at the sale of the collections of the late Professor
Morren.
Descr. Acaulescent. Leaves thirty to fifty in a dense
rosette, lorate, flexible, glabrous, a foot or a foot and a
july 1st, 1887.
half long, an inch and a half broad at the middle, three
inches at the dilated base, deltoid-cuspidate at the apex,
plain green on the face, without either bands or spots, pale
green on the back, tinged, especially towards the base,
with claret-brown. Peduncle robust, a foot long ; bract-
leaves many, small, ovate, imbricated. Flowers twelve to
twenty, arranged in a simple distichous spike, all spreading
horizontally from the stout slightly flexuose rachis, which
is flattened laterally opposite each flower ; flower-bracts
ovate, green, margined with claret-red, an inch long.
Calyx green, glabrous, glutinose, a little longer than the
bract. Corolla nearly twice as long as the calyx, petals
yellowish- white, more or less tinged with coppery-brown..
Stamens shorter than the petals, those opposite the petals
appendiculate at the base with a pair of large scales.
Style not much longer than the ampullseform ovary.
Capsule a little longer than the calyx. — J. G. Baker,
Fig. 1, Base of petal, showing the insertion of the filament and its scales ; 2, a
stafuen ; 3, apex ol style, ail more or less enlarged; 4, bract, calyx and young
capsule, life-size.
6946".
Tab. 694(5.
CORYDALIS Ledebouriana.
Native of Central Asia.
Nat. Old. Papaverace^e. — Tribe Fumarie.£:.
Genus Corydalis, DC; (Bentk. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. i. p. 55)
Corydalis (Bulbocapnos) Ledebouriana ; glaberrinia, glauca, radice tnberosa,
caule simplici medio 2-3-ibliato, foliia irregulariter ternatira v. biternatiui
sectis se^mentis obovatis obovato-oblongisve apice rotundatis v. mucronnlatis
in petiolum brevem angustatis nervis obscuris, racemo multifloro, bracteia
magnis ellipticis flores srepe sequantibus, sepalis minimis lobatis, petalia
brunmo-purpureis superiore vix carinato, inf'eriore concavo decurvo, calcare
magno flore multo longiore robusto recto v. recurvo obtuso, capsula elliptica
acuta.
C. Ledebouriana, Ear. and Kiril. Enum. Plant. Alt. No. 64, and En. Plant.
Songar. No. 56; Ledeb. El. Ross. vol. i. p. 715 ; Regel Oartenfl. vol. xxviii.
(1879), p. 225, t. 981.
The exploring expeditions sent by the Russian Govern-
ment into Central Asia have richly endowed the gardens of
Europe with many new and rare hardy plants ; and no
individual explorer has done so much in this respect as
Dr. Albert von Regel, the distinguished son of a dis-
tinguished father, whose name has long been an honoured
one in Horticultural circles. From the Himalaya to
Central Siberia the genus Corydalis is at home ; upwards
of twenty-five species are known to inhabit the higher
regions of the Indian Alps, and but one, C. sibirica, crosses
that range to the southward, occurring on the Khasia
Mountains in Bast Bengal. As many species, almost all
except the above-mentioned G. sibirica, different from the
Himalayan, are described in Ledebour's " Flora Rossica,"
published in 1842, and many must have been discovered
since in the same regions; so that, including the European
and American species, the genus Corydalis probably numbers
nearly one hundred species.
C. Ledebouriana was discovered by Karelin and Kiriloff
in Soongaria, an elevated district of North- Eastern
jui.y 1st, 1887.
Turkestan, with the climate and many types of the vegeta-
tion of Western Tibet (where, however, C. Ledebouriana
has not hitherto been detected). It is a large rather
succulent species, with a tuberous root, and it must hence
be transferred to the section Bulbocapnos, from that of
Leontice, to which it has been hitherto referred, and in
which the root is fusiform. I am indebted for the speci-
men here figured to Mr. Elwes, who received it from the
St. Petersburg Botanical Gardens, to which it was sent by
Dr. A. de Kegel. The flowers generally precede the leaves,
and appeared in Mr. Elwes' garden in the end of February;
the leaves of the Kew specimen followed the flowers in
April. There are, however, flowering specimens in the
Herbarium with fully formed stem-leaves.
Descr. Rather fleshy, quite glabrous, pale glaucous
green. Boot as large as an ordinary potato, depressed-
globose. Leaves long-petioled, irregularly ternately or
biternately divided ; petiole short or long ; segments one-
half to one inch long, obovate, entire or one- to three-
lobed, lobes rounded, nerves very obscure. Flowering -stems
ascending, six to ten inches, soft, terete, pale, tapering to
the base, furnished about the middle with an opposite pair
of trisect leaves with narrow leaflets. Raceme four to six
inches long, lax-flowered ; bracts large, leafy, broadly
elliptic, green with purple edges. Flowers shortly pedi-
celled, an inch long, purplish brown. Sepals very minute,
membranous, irregularly lobed. Lobes of the corolla dark
purple, small, subequal, subacute, upper straight, hardly
keeled, lower decurved. ' Spur twice the length of the
rest of the corolla, cylindric, stout, obtuse, recurved, pale.
~J. D. E.
Fig. 1, Side view of flower ; 2, sepals ; 3, ovary, style and stigma :— all enlarged.
6947.
•tfxhMl
Tfin.uertt.Bro ote -Day & Son t
I Reeve &.C9 Loadon.
Tab. 6947.
STROBILANTHES flaccidifolius.
Native of India and China.
Nat. Ord. Acanthace.e. — Tribe Ruellie^:.
Genus Steobilanthes, Blume; (Benth. et Hooh.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 1086.)
Steobilanthes flaccidifolius j frutex erectus ramosus, ramis obscure incano-
puberulis, foliis oppositis elliptico-ovatis -lanceolatisve acuminatis serratis
glaberrimis basi sensim in petiolum angustatis, floribus in spicas breves
paucifloras v. subelongatas dispositis, bracteis foliaceis subspathulatis obtusis
caducis, calycis puberuli segmentis 4 linearibus postico latiore lineari-oblongo,
corolla? 2-pollicaris purpurea? tubo late infundibulari infra medium curvo, lobis
brevibus sequalibus 2-lobulatis, staminibus 4, ovario glabro, stylo puberulo,
capsula basi non constricta.
S. fiaccidifolius, Nees in DC. Prodr. vol. xi. p. 194; T. Anders. inJourn. Linn.
Soc. vol. ix. p. 481 ; Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p. 468.
S. Championi, T. Anders, in Benth. Fl. HongJc. p. 261.
S. flaccidus, Mann, Assam Forest Report, 1876-7, par. 135.
Ruellia indigofera, Griffith Journ. of Trav. in India, p. 237
R. indigotica, Fortune, Besid. in China, p. 158.
R. Cusia, Ham. in Wall. Cat. 2386.
Goldfussia Cusia, Nees in Wall. PI. As. Bar. vol. iii. p. 88, and in DC. I. c.
175.
Dipteeacanthus ? calycinus, Champ, in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. vol. v. p. 133.
S. fiaccidifolius is the plant which yields in India and
China the well-known blue dye called in the former
country Eoom and Assam Indigo. The best account of it
is Fortune's, in the work cited above. His description is
far too long for being introduced in this work, and the
following are the most important items of information
which it contains. In the province of Chekiang, and on
the mountains westward of Ningpo, and thence westward
to Assam and Bengal, the Strobilanthes is extensively
cultivated, but only as a summer crop in Chekiang, where
it is not hardy, being native of a more southern latitude in
China. It is planted when the spring frosts are over, and
it is cut down in autumn, after attaining eighteen inches
in height, when cuttings are taken for the following years'
crops. The leaves are then stripped from the stems, and
JULY 1st, 1887.
the latter tied up in bundles and placed under protection
to be planted in the following year. The leaves and stems
reserved for dye-making are thrown into a water-tank,
where they partially decompose. Lime is then added, and
the watery infusion well mixed by beating the surface with
bamboo rakes. From greenish the fluid becomes yellow,
with a bright blue froth. A few drops of cabbage oil are
thrown on this froth, which thereupon immediately dis-
appears, and the colouring matter sinks to the bottom as a
thick paste, which is collected and dried for the markets.
As with so many other plants yielding useful products,
8. flaccidifolius has received many names, in this case mul-
tiplied by the fact of its having an extended geographical
distribution, from Bengal eastwards through Assam and
Burma to South China, and which has led to its being
differently named in India and Hongkong. It further
belongs to an immense genus, numbering upwards of 120
species, which are exceedingly difficult to recognize from
descriptions alone. The Strobilanthes flaccidifolius was sent
to Kew from Hongkong by Mr. Ford, where it appears to
be indigenous, though scarce, and where its identity with
the Indian and northern Chinese dye-yielding plant was
not recognized.
Desce. A glabrous shrub, four to five feet high, branched
from the base ; branches herbaceous, erect, smooth, green,
minutely hoary. Leaves two to five inches long, quite
glabrous, narrowed into a petiole half to one inch long,
ovate- or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, bright
green above, bluish-green beneath. Flowers in spikes or
panicles, or reduced to two opposite and terminal ; bracts
leaf-like, half to one inch long, subspathulate, obtuse,
caducous ; bracteoles like the calyx-segments. Calyx half
an inch long, puberulous ; four sepals linear, subacute,
dorsal longer and twice as broad. Corolla two inches long,
pale lilac-purple ; tube broadly funnel-shaped, bent below
the middle; lobes five, equal, short, broad, two-lobed.
Stamens four, filaments short ; anthers linear-oblong.
Ovary glabrous, except at the tip; style very slender,
puberulous ; stigma entire, curved.— J. D. E.
Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, tube of corolla and stamens; 3 and 4, antbers; 5,
ovary and disk ; 6, vertical section of the same -.—all enlarged.
=0
OS
Tab. 6948.
RHODODENDRON geandk, var. roseum.
Native of the Eastern Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. EErcE^;. — Tribe Rhodorej:.
Genus Rhododendbox, Linn. (Ben/k. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 599.)
Rhododendron grande, Wight Ic. Plant. Ind. Or. t. 1202 ; Clarke in Fl. Brit.
Ind. vol. iii. p. 464.
R. argenteum, Hook.f. Rhododendrons of the Sikkim Himalaya, p. 10, t. 9, and
in Joarn. Hort. Soe. vol. vii. p. 76 and 91 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5054 ; Flore
des Sei-res, vol. v. (1849), t. 473-476 (copied from Ehod. ofSikk. Hi ma I.).
11. longifolium, Nicttall in Hook. Kew Journ. vol. v. (1853), p. 365.
K. Windsorii, var. y, Nuttall I. c. p. 357, 358.
Waldemaria argentea, Klotzsch in Beis. Pr. Waldem. Bot. p. 99, t. 53, 5 1.
Vae. rosea, floribus roseis.
The plant here figured is a remarkable instance of a
sudden change of colour of corolla in an individual long
under cultivation. Rhododendron grande, better known as
B. argenteum, was introduced by myself by seed from the
Sikkim Himalaya in 1841), and plants raised from those
seeds, now of great size, are still flourishing in the Tem-
perate House of the Royal Gardens. The colour of the
corolla, as shown in my drawing made in Sikkim, and re-
produced in the " Rhododendrons of the Sikkim Himalaya,"
is nearly white with a dark red purple lobed spot at the
base ; in the drawing published in this Magazine (Tab. 5054),
made from specimens that flowered in the Royal Gardens
in 1858, they are more cream-coloured, with a faint greenish
tinge, and the buds are a very pale rose-colour; and with
little variation the colours of all the specimens that have
flowered during the last thirty years, and these are very
many, have approximated very closely to those of the
above-mentioned plants, except that in one of the specimens
there has been observed a darker rose-colour of the buds.
In the present year the buds of the above individual have
been of a deep red, and the full-blown corolla a lively rose-
apgust 1st, 1S87.
colour, witli darker veins on the lobes, and obscure spots
on the tube within. It remains to be seen whether the
change of colour will prove permanent ; such as it is, there
has been no alteration in the treatment of the plant that
would account for it, and so curious a case of coloration
appears worth a place in this Magazine.
I need hardly observe that the species and even indi-
viduals of Rhododendrons vary greatly in colour, but the
sport is usually from a dark to a light colour, as in the
case of the rose-coloured and white variety of R. arboreum ;
these occur in nature, but I am not aware that the change
has occurred in one individual under cultivation.
It remains to observe that the specific name of argenteum
must give place to that of grande, under which the plant
was published in India, in 1848, by Dr. Wight, in his
" Icones Plantarum India3 Orientalis," from dried specimens
collected in Bhotan by Dr. Griffith, that is, the year
previous to the publication in England of the " Rhodo-
dendrons of the Sikkim Himalaya," and before Dr. Wight's
work had reached this country. The figure in the latter
work no doubt represents a starved state or variety, with
elliptic-lanceolate leaves, long slender petioles, a very
dense bracteate head of flowers only three inches in
diameter, and small quite regular corollas only one inch in
diameter.
I may further here remind horticulturists that B. Auck-
landii must bear the name of R. Griffithianum, and for the
same reason, as indicated under the figure of that plant in
Tab. 5065 of this Magazine. It was figured under the
latter name, also from Bhotan specimens, in the same part
of Wight's "Icones" (Tab. 1203), a figure as little worthy
of the plant as is that of R. grande in the same work. —
J. D. II.
Fig. 1, Bract; 2, stamen; 3, pistil and calyx; 4, transverse section of ovary: —
I enlarged.
all enlarged.
6349
\don .
Tab. 6949.
ESCALLONIA revoluta.
Native of Chili.
Nat. Ord. Saxifbagacej2.— Tribe Escalloxieje.
Genus Escallonia, Linn.jil.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. i. p. G44.)
Escallonia revoluta; ramis erectis pubescenti-tomentosis v. subvillosis, foliis
breviter petiolatis obovatis acutis v. cuspidatis supra medium argute in-
sequaliter dentatis coriaceis marginibus recurvis utrinque pubemlis v.
pubescentibus, racemis laxifloris simplicibus thyraoideuTe, floribus breTJter
pedicellatis, calycis tubo subgloboso, limbi lobis tubo aequilongis sulmlato-
lanceolatis, corollse albas petalis in tubum i-pollicarein cylindraceum dispositis,
ungue elongata lineari, limbo brevi breviter oblongo.
E. revoluta. Persoon EncJi. vol. i. p. 235 ; DC. Prodr. vol. iv. p. 5 ; Hook, and Am.
Hot. Misc. vol. iii. p. 341 ; Jiemy in Gay. FL Chil. vol. iii. p. 55 ; A. Gran,
Bot. U.S. Expl. Exped. p. 564 ; Engler in Linncea, vol. xxxvi. p. 5 16.
E. affiuis, Riiprecht in Serb. Acad. Petrop.
Stereoxylon revolutum, Suiz and Pav. FL Per. 8f Chil. vol. iii. p. 15, t. 236.
A common Chilian shrub, occurring in ravines and by
watercourses at the level of the sea at Valdivia, and
gradually ascending the Andes in proceeding northwards,
where it attains the latitude of Concepcion, and perhaps a
higher one. The character of revolute leaves is usually
rarely apparent, though some of the dried specimens show
it very strongly. The whole plant, and especially the
branchlets, vary greatly in amount of pubescence, the latter
being sometimes even villous. In the cultivated specimens
when fresh the pubescence is hardly apparent to the naked
eye, and the lithographer (not the artist) has made the
foliage appear too hispid in the plate.
Escallonia revoluta was communicated by Mr. Lynch
from the Cambridge Botanical Gardens, where it forms a
robust shrub, flowering in September.
Desce. A shrub ten to twenty feet high, copiously
branched ; branches woody ; branchlets pubescent tomen-
tose or even villous, as thick as a crow-quill. Leaves three-
quarters to one and a half inch long, rather coriaceous,
obovate, acute or cuspidate, acutely irregularly toothed
AUGUST 1st, 1887.
for the upper half, more or less pubescent on both
surfaces, convex above with rather recurved margins,
narrowed at the base into a petiole one-eighth to a quarter
of an inch long. Racemes or panicles terminal, sessile, erect,
simple or thyrsoid, dense or lax-flowered, leafy at the base,
and with smaller leaves at the base of the divisions. Flowers
three-quarters of an inch long, spreading, shortly pedicelled,
pedicels with a small bract at the base. Calyx-tube sub-
globose, hispid or tomentose ; lobes subulate-lanceolate,
very acute, as long as the tube. Corolla white, quite
glabrous, tube cylindric ; petals with long straight linear
claw and short oblong: rounded limb. — J. D. II.
Fig. 1, Flower ; 2 and 3, anthers ; 4, ovary and base of calyx tube; 5, transverse
section of ovary -.—all enlarged.
M". S. ad, J JT FitdiWh.
'focent Brooka Day A-Sanlr?-
L Reeve St C7i London.
Tad. 0950.
NARCISSUS CYCLAMINEUS.
Native of Portugal.
Nat. Ord. Amabyllide .e. — Tribe Amaeylle.e.
Genus Narcissus, Linn.; {Benth. el HooTc.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 718.)
Nahcisstjs (Ajax) cyclamineus ; bulbo parvo globoso tunicis pallidis, foliis 2-3
linearibus subereetis dorso late carinatis, scapo unifloro subtereti, pedicello
brevi ssepissime cernuo, perianthio tubo brevissimo obconico, segmentis
anguste oblongis citrinis valde reflexis, corona saturatiori segmentis eqaiUraga
vel paulo longiori ore erecto crenato, staminibus rectis conniventibus corona
distincte brevioribus, fructu turbinato.
Ajax cyclamineus, Haworth Monogr. Narciss. p. 2.
This very distinct Narcissus has Lad a remarkable
history. It is figured rudely in the " Jardin du Roy tres
chrestien Louis XIII." of Pierre Vallet, published at Paris
in 1G23; and afterwards better iu the anonymous
" Theatrum Floras," published at Paris in 1G37, under the
name of " Narcissus liispanicus minor luteus amplo calico
foliis reflexis." This latter work must not be confounded
with the well-known " Theatrum " of our countryman
Parkinson. Then it appears to have been entirely lost
sight of for 250 years. Herbert looked upon it as an
" absurdity that would never be found to exist." Haworth,
who first named it cyclamineus in his monograph of 1838,
issued as a supplement to the fourth volume of Sweet's
British Flower Garden, knew it only from the excellent
figure in the "Theatrum," which is reproduced in a paper
by Mr. F. W. Burbidge in the " Gardener's Chronicle " of
December 19th, 1885 (page 789, fig. 185). Just about the
same time that this paper appeared, the plant was refound
in the neighbourhood of Oporto by Mr. Edwin Johnston,
and it has since been seen by Mr. A. W. Tait growing
plentifully in sandy loam on the banks of a stream at an
altitude of 300 feet above sea-level. A full account of the
plant will be found in Mr. Tait's recently-published " Notes
on the Narcissi of Portugal," p. 4, 5, and as he has distri-
AT/GUST 1st, 1887.
buted bulbs of it freely to our principal English cultivators,
and it is found to seed freely, no doubt it will soon become
well known. Our drawing was made from plants flowered
by Mr. F. \V. Burbidge, in the Botanic Garden of Trinity
College, Dublin, this present spring.
Descr. Bulb globose, half an inch in diameter; outer
tunics whitish. Leaves generally two, sometimes three to
a bulb, linear, suberect, greenish, deeply channelled down
the face, broadly keeled, and the keel margined with two
raised edges, down the back. Scape subterete, always
single-flowered, half a foot or a foot long ; pedicel almost
always cernuous, so short that the spathe is pushed back
by the reflexing segments when the flower expands. Ovary
turbinate ; perianth-tube very short, obconic ; segments
narrow oblong, lemon-yellow, nearly an inch long, strongly
reflexed from the base. Corona as long as or a little longer
than the segments, rather deeper in colour, nearly equal
in diameter throughout ; edge erect, distinctly crenate.
Stamens inserted at the throat of the tube, erect, connivent,
more than half as long as the corona. Style reaching
generally to the tip of the anthers. Capsule turbinate,
nearly an inch long. — </. G. Baker.
Fig. 1, Section of leaf; 2, a flower cut through vertically; 3, two stamens; 4,
upper part of the style : — all more or less enlarged.
6051
Vn\c«-rt Brooks Day & i>cn\
uEeeve & C'° Xarulor..
Tab. 6951.
ALSEUOSMIA maobophylla.
Native of New Zealand.
Nat. Ord. CapBIFOUAOXJE. — Tribe Lonicebe.e.
Genus Alseuosmia, A. Cunn.; (Benth. el ILwk. /. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 6.)
Alseuosmia macrophylla ; frutex robustus, ^laberrimus, rainis erectis, foliis 3-f>-
nncialibus elliptico-lanceolatis oblanceolatisve in petiolum brevem rihgtutatia
integerrimis serratis v. simiato-dentatis, floribus pollicaribus sajpissime 5-ineris,
corolla lobis grosse fimbriato-dentatis dentibaa incurvis, disco tuberculatis,
baccis 2-locularibus polyspermis.
A. macrophylla, A. Cunn. in Ann. Nat. Hist. vol. ii. p. 209; JTool: f. VI. X, te
Zeald. vol. i. p. 102, t. 23, and Handbook of the New Zealand Flora,
p. 109 and 731.
Alseuosmia is a genus confined to New Zealand and to
the northern of the two greater Islands, where one species
(A. Banhsii) was discovered by Sir Joseph Banks on
the shores of the Bay of Islands, when accompanying
Captain Cook on his first Voyage of Discovery. It was
not, however, till 1826 that the genus was rediscovered by
the late Allan Cunningham, when he, being then Curator
of the Sydney Botanical Garden, visited New Zealand.
In 1839 the first description of it appeared by Allan
Cunningham in his " Specimens of the Botany of New
Zealand," published in the Annals of Natural History, in
which work he describes eight species (now reduced to
four), all from the neighbourhood of the Bay of Islands.
and none have been added since. The name he adopted
was suggested by the powerful fragrance of the flowers
which scent the woods where it grows (euooyna, a grateful
odour, and aXtros, a grove). The name is well deserved,
for I can bear testimony to their delicious fragrance, and
to this penetrating the dark woods of the Bay of Islands
to a considerable distance. This, and the affinity of the
genus with Lonieera, would suggest the English name of
New Zealand Honey-suckle for the genus.
My correspondents in New Zealand made repeated
august 1st, 1887.
attempts to introduce this genus into Kew, but always
unsuccessfully. The seeds, however packed, invariably
perished during the voyage, owing to the rotting of the
copious fleshy albumen, and the minuteness of the embryo.
In 1884, however, that enterprising cultivator, E. Loder,
Esq., received a Ward's case with living plants of the
species here figured, of which he was good enough to give
two plants to Kew, and of these one, that here figured,
flowered in February of the present year. Its flowers were,
as was to be expected, deliciously fragrant.
Desce. A glabrous shrub, six to ten feet high ; branches
erect, woody; bark brown. Leaves three to six inches
long, elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute, entire or
serrate, narrowed into a short petiole a quarter to one-
third inch long, bright-green and glossy above, yellow-
green beneath ; nerves faint. Flowers in small axillary
clusters, drooping ; pedicels one-eighth to a quarter of an
inch long, bracteate at the base ; bracts subulate. Calyx-
tube oblong, lobes oblong-ovate, subacute. Corolla one
and a half inch long, dull red, or creamy-white, with dull
red streaks ; tube cylindric, funnel-shaped above ; lobes
ovate, recurved, obtusely subfimbriately toothed and muri-
cate on the upper surface ; teeth incurved. Stamens at
the throat of the corolla, filaments very short; anthers
oblong, included. Ovary two-celled, cells four- to six-
ovuled, style slender, stigma capitate. Fruit ellipsoid,
fleshy, many-seeded, — J. D. IT.
Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, transverse section of ovary;
5, fruit: — all but Jig. o enlarged.
'-'.;■ r -
'MS.ael,J.NMdiMi
LTteeve &. C° london
Tab. 6952.
IPQM^EA Robebtsii.
Native of Queensland.
Nat. Ord. Convolvulace^:. — Tribe Cojjvolvule^:.
Genus Ipom^ia, Linn.; {Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 870.)
IPOM.&A (Speciosse) Robertsii; tota pubescenti-tomentosa, caule gracili volubili,
foliis gracile petiolatis late ovato-cordatis acuminatis integerrimis utrinque
stellato- v. squamuloso-tomentellis sinu lata, floribus solitariis, pedunculo
petiolo sequilongo, sepalis J-pollicaribus oblongo-rotundatis glabratis, corolla
3-pollicari infundibular! alba radiis 5 roseis tubo medio obscure ventricoso,
margine undulato, staminibus tubo inclusis, filamentis basi villosis, stylo pa roe
piloso, stigmatis 2-lobi lobis globosis.
A very beautiful and apparently undescribed species,
nearest to I. velutina, Brown, of the Gulf of Carpentaria,
but differing in the acute leaves which are stellately hairy
on the upper surface, in the flowers being always solitar}^
(though a joint about their middle suggests the possibility
of the peduncle being sometimes two- or more-flowered),
and in the much larger sepals. Seeds were sent to the
Royal Gardens in 1883 by Mr. G. F. Roberts (Nursery-
man of Kew, Melbourne), from which the plant here figured
was raised. It flowered in the Lily-house in July of last
year, and is perennial.
Desor. Stem very slender, twining, clothed as are the
petioles and leaves with a soft subtomentose pubescence.
Leaves three to four inches long, membranous, broadly
ovate-cordate, acuminate, with a broad open sinus at the
base, dull green, pubescence more or less stellate on both
surfaces, and squamulose on the upper ; nerves eight to
ten pair, spreading ; petiole one and a half to two inches
long, slender, pubescent. Peduncles axillary, solitary, one-
flowered, jointed below the middle, the lower part pubescent,
the upper gradually thickened upwards, nearly glabrous.
Sepals broadly oblong or almost rounded, one-third to
half an inch long, obtuse, green with white margins, nearly
glabrous. Corolla three to four inches long ; tube elongate,
funnel-shaped and slightly tumid below the middle, limb
august 1st, 1887.
three to three and a half inches in diameter, undulate,
nearly white externally with very pale pink stride ; limb
internally white, obscurely striate with pale pink, and with
five lanceolate rose-pink rays spreading from the tube to
the circumference. Stamens included, filaments very
slender, rather villous at the base ; anthers oblong. Ovary
two-celled, cells two-ovuled; style very slender, sparsely
pubescent, stigma didymous. — /. J). H.
Fig. 1, Stellate scales from the upper surface of the leaf; 2 and 3, stamens ;
4, ovary and style ; 5, transverse section of ovarj' : — all but Jiff. 5 enlarged.
)
I
V*
^M/s^x
y^
y/V
Tab. C953.
HILLEBRANDIA sandwicensis.
Native of the Sandwich Islands.
Nat. Ord. Bkcjoniace.e.
Genus Hillebbandia, Oliver; (Benth. ct Huol: f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 813.)
Hillebbandia sandwicensis ; herba succnlenta, sparsim pilosa, ereeta, ramosa, fbliis
amplis oblique rotundatis profunda cordatis breviter-multilobatis lobis in-
aequalibus triangularibus acuminatis dentatis v. serratis, floribus in cyinis
ramosis bisexualibus dispositis, sepalis 5 amplis, petalis totidem parvis cncullat is,
staminibua perplurimis, filamentia liberis, antheris oblongis, ovario ap;ce libero
hiante, placentis 5 parietalibus, stylis 5 bil'urcatis, cruribus spiraliter stigtaa-
tosis, capsula membranacea inter stylos dehiseente.
H. sandwicensis, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Sor. vol. xxv. p. 361, tab. 46; H. Mann.
Enum. of Hawaiian Plants in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and dc. vol. vii.
p. 167; Sinclair, Jndig. Flowers of Hawaiian Jsds. tab. 37.
For upwards of a century the large genus Begonia was
supposed to have had no near ally, and from the date of
the establishment for it in 1802, by Trattenick, of the
Natural Order Begoniece, till 1865, that of the publication
of Hillebrandia by Oliver, the Order was represented by
but the one genus. It is true that the 350 to 400 species
constituting Begonia itself have comparatively lately been
arranged by some botanists under even as many as thirty-
five distinct genera, but this disruption of the old genus
has not been approved by more recent authors. Since
the publication of Hillebrandia still another genus has been
added to the Order, by the discovery of Begoniella, Oliver
{Linn. Trans, vol. xxviii. p. 513, t. 41), in New Grenada,
a very remarkable plant, with the sepals united into a
campanulate cup.
Hillebrandia differs from Begonia in the presence of
petals, and in the ovary being free for its upper third;
in habit and all other respects it is a true Begonia. It
was discovered in the Island of Maui, one of the Hawaiian
Archipelago, by M. Baldwin, of Lahaina, and specimens
from it were sent to Kew in 1865, by Dr. Hillebrand,
after whom the genus is named. It has since been found
sei'T. 1st, 1887.
in the mountains of Kauai. It is a native of the forest
region near waterfalls, and its native name, according to
Mrs. Sinclair, is " Akaakaawa." The Koyal Gardens are
indebted to that lady for seeds, which were received in
1886. From these the plant here figured and others were
raised ; and these flowered in May of this year. I have
further to observe that the colour of the flowers appears
to vary; those of Mrs. Sinclair's drawing being of a bright
red.
Descr. A tall branched succulent herb, three to four
feet high, everywhere sparsely clothed with long reddish
hairs. Leaves four to eight inches long and broad, obliquely
rounded and deeply cordate with a very narrow sinus, and
overlapping basal lobes ; marginal lobes five to nine, very
unequal, triangular, acuminate, unequally toothed ; nerves
radiating from the petiole, which is stout and long, but
shorter than the blade. Peduncles one-half to one foot long,
dichotomously branching and bearing bisexual cymes.
Bracts opposite, membranous. Flowers about half an inch
in diameter, white, with a rose tinge or more or less rosy ;
females two-bracteolate. Sepals ovate, subacute, outer
rather larger. Petals as many, much smaller, spathulate,
concave, membranous. Stamens many, free, represented
in the female by perigynous glandular staminodes ; anthers
obtuse, flattened. Ovary hemispheric, terete, free above
and open between the styles, one-celled ; styles five, short,
forked, arms spirally stigmatose; placentas five, parietal,
two -fid. Capsule hemispheric, membranous, about half an
inch in diameter, with a broad open vertex. — /. D. H.
Fi<?s. 1 aud 2, Stamens j 3, female flower ; 4, transverse section of ovary ; — all
enlarged.
Tab. 6954.
BARLERIA ripens.
Native of Eastern Tropical Africa.
Nat. Ord. Acanthace^e.— Tribe Justicie.e.
Genus Barleria, Linn.; (Benth. et Hooh.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 1091.)
Barleria repens ; caulibus procumbentibus diffuse rmmoaia obtuse angulatis hasi
radicantibus cano pubescentibus pilosisve, foliis ovatis obovatis v. ellipticis
obtusis acutisve in petiolum angustatis membranaceis utrinque pubescentibus,
floribus axillaribus solitariis sessilibus v. subsessilibus, bracteolis subulatis
calyce multo brevioribus, sepalis majoribus ovato-oblongis acutis integerriinis
reticulntis minoribus parvis lanceolatis, corolla? rubrae 2-pollicaris tubo elongato
infundibulari pilosulo lobis oblongis.
B. repens, Nees in DC. Prodr. vol. xi. p. 230; T. Anders, in Journ. Linn. Sue.
Pot. vol. vii. p. 3L
The genus Barleria, though a large one, numbering
upwards of sixty species, has never met favour with horti-
culturists. Only three species have been figured in this
Magazine, B. cristata, Linn. (Tab. 1615), B. Gibson i, Dalz.
(Tab. 5028), and B. Mackenii, Hook. (Tab. 5866). They
are, however, very handsome stove plants, as the above-
cited figures show, and the real reason for their neglect is
that they are weedy in habit, and their beautiful blossoms
are delicate and ephemeral.
B. repens is apparently common in Eastern Tropical
Africa. It was first described from specimens collected
in Pemba and Raza Islands, near Delagoa Bay, by Forbes,
a collector for the Horticultural Society ; and it has more
recently been found by the Rev. M. Wakefield at Mombesa,
and at Kilwa and Zanzibar by Sir John Kirk, to whom the
Royal Gardens are indebted for seeds that arrived in 1875,
and flowered in a stove in July of 1886.
Descr. A prostrate diffusely branching shrub or under-
shrub ; stems one to two feet long, rigid, branched, rooting
at the base, pubescent with short rather lax hairs, obtusely
four-angled. Leaves opposite, and appearing as if fascicled,
for the abbreviated leafy branchlets at the nodes, one to
two and a half inches long, rather membranous, elliptic-
SEPT. 1st, 1887.
ovate or obovate, rarely nearly orbicular, obtuse or acute,
narrowed into a petiole one-sixth to half an inch long;
pubescent on both surfaces. Flowers axillary, solitary, ses-
sile or very shortly pedicelled ; bracteoles minute, subulate
or linear, much shorter than the calyx. Sepals four, two
outer one-half to three-quarters of an inch long, oblong-
ovate, ciliate, reticulate, quite entire ; two inner very much
smaller, subulate-lanceolate, ciliate. Corolla two inches
long, pale rather dull rosy-red; tube pnberulous, funnel-
shaped ; limb one to one and a half inches in diameter,
lobes five, oblong, tips rounded, upper half as large again
as the others, two lower rather smaller than the lateral.
Stamens four, two very long, far exserted, with white
filaments ; two very small, included, with a subulate
staminode between them ; filaments sparsely hairy at the
base. Ovary glabrous, style capillary. — J". D. II.
Fig. 1, Inner sepals and ovary ; 2, base of corolla laid open and stamens ; 3
ovary and disk ; 4, vertical section of the same : — all enlarged.
6955.
LReeve UC°. I
Tab. 6955.
CCELOGYNE corymbosa.
Native of the Himalaya and Khasia Mountains.
Nat. Ord. Okchide^e. — Tribe Epidendee.33.
Genus Ccelogyne, Lindl. {Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 518.)
Ccelogyne (Erectae) corymbosa ; rhizoraate robusto, pseudobulbis 1-1| pollicaribus
ovoideis cornpressis demuui supra medium leviter costatis pyramidatisve, foliis
2-nis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis in petiolum brevem angustatis, oorymbis
2-3-fioris, noribus 3 poll, latis, sepalis oblongo- v. lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis
albis, labello trifido lobis lateralibus erectis antice rotundatis integerrimis v.
obscure denticulatis rubro striatis et plaga aurantiaca ocellata notatis, Iobo
medio trulliformi v. ovato-lanceolato acuminato carinis 2 crenatis a basi ultra
medium productis, disco plaga aurantiaca 2-loba notato, columna gracile apice
arcuata cucullata dentata.
C. corymbosa, Lindl. Fol, Orchid. Coeloqyne, p. 7 ; Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron.
(1876), pp. 9, 10; Rolfe in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, vol. ii. p. 73, fig. 15.
C. ocellata, var. maxima, Dean Floral Magaz. t. 365.
The Gcelogynes of the Eastern Himalaya threaten to give
rise to much controversy amongst both botanists and hor-
ticulturists, especially those species belonging to Lindley's
section " Erectaa," and amongst them G. corymbosa, brevi-
folia and ocellata are the most difficult to define. The
plant here figured is, I have no doubt, Lindley's C. corym-
bosa, though it differs somewhat from the type, which is
described in " Folia Orchidacea " from specimens and a
drawing of my own, made in Sikkim in 1848. In this the
leaves are small, three to five inches long, and broader in
proportion than in the plant here figured ; the sheaths of
the peduncle are much more numerous and shorter. There
are however, in both my Sikkim and Khasian collections,
specimens of the larger form, and others in all respects
intermediate between these and the smaller. I have no
doubt that, as Mr. Watson has pointed out to me, the plant
lono- known in gardens as C. ocellata, maxima, is the same
species, though the plate in the " Floral Magazine " quoted
above represents a raceme with eight flowers, whereas two
or three are the normal number in corymbosa, or very
sept. 1st, 1887.
rarely one or four. C. ocellata, Lindl., differs only in the
shorter rounder obtuse mid-lobe of the lip. G. brevifolia
also diners in the rounded mid-lobe, and in the lip being
pubescent within. C. ochracea is a more delicate plant, with
smaller more delicate flowers, and a differently sculptured
mid-lobe of the lip.
Professor Reichenbach has published in " The Gardener's
Chronicle" (1878), p. 8, a " Gcelogyne heteroglossa, n. var.,"
which he suggests may possibly be a mule between corym-
bose/, and brevifolia or ocellata, of which he says that the
flowers are larger than in corymbosa, of the same colours,
but the tips of the side lobe of the lip overlap the base of
the very broad (not narrow lanciform) mid-lobe, and there
are three membranous denticulate keels from the base of
the lip to that of the mid-lobe, and the areas between the
side lobes are brown, each brown one ending in a yellow
one ; there is also a four-lobed angled deep yellow area in
the very base of the broad middle lobe with a dark brown
narrow border. Much of this description reminds me of
C. brevifolia, though there is nothing very foreign to
corymbosa in it.
G. corymbosa is a native of forests of the Sikkim and
Bhotan Himalaya, between 5000 and 8000 feet, and is
not uncommon in the Khasia Mountains. The specimen
figured was sent from the Kollong rock, Khasia Mountains,
by C. B. Clarke, Esq., F.R.S. It flowered in the Royal
Gardens in May of the present year. It is a very large-
flowered form. — J. J). H.
Pig. 1, Column ; 2, lip; 3, anther; 4, pollen-masses : — all enlarged.
695ft
M-S.del.IlfJiijb.lilK
Viiicaft Bro ote D ay &. 3cr. Tm>
LPeeve &.C° XcradoTu
Tab. 6956.
primula obtusifolia.
Native of the Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Peimulace^;. — Tribe Pbimule^:.
Genus Pbimula, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 631.)
Pbimula obtusifolia ; efarinosa v. foliis subtus et inflorescetitia farinosis, foliis
menibranaceis oblongis elliptico-obovatis oblanceolatisve obtusis v. acutis eroso-
dentatis rarius integris basi obtusis cordatis v. in petiolum angu^tatis, ncapo
plurifloro, bracteis ovatis Janceolatisve pedieellis brevioribus basi liberia v.
connatis, calyi-is campanulati lobis tubo subsequilongis v. brevioribus, corolla
sanguineo-purpureaj v. flavae lobis planis patentibus obcordatis subcrenulatis
tubo longioribus v. asquilongis, ore annulato, tubo ca^ce duplo longiore, ovario
globoso acuto vertice non incrassato, capsula globosa cal3'ee inelusa, seminibus
subglobosis papillosis.
P. obtusifolia, Boyle III. PI. Himal.y. 811, tab. 77, fig. 1 ; Duby in DC. Prodr.
vol. viii. p. 42; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. lad. vol. iii. p. 489; Watt in Juurn. Linn.
Soc. Bot. vol. xx. p. 7.
As with so many species of Primula, it is not easy to limit
the specific characters of this by words, so as to distinguish
it from its allies. In some respects it resembles P. prolifera,
which is a much larger plant, with superposed whorls of
flowers and a long narrow corolla-tube ; and it is still nearer
P. elongata. Watt, which has, like P. jyrolifera, a very
narrow corolla-tube, and which further differs in the more
deeply crenate corolla-lobes and want of a thickened ring
at the mouth. P. obtusifolia is remarkable for its usually
deep claret-coloured flowers. There are two varieties of
it, namely var. Roylei with subentire obovate-spathulate
leaves mealy beneath, and var. Griffithii with deeply-
toothed ovate-cordate leaves. Our figure represents a
form referable to var. Griffithii, but with more oblong
leaves. There is in the Kew Herbarium another variety,
represented by a single specimen, collected by Dr. Watt in
Sikkim, and which in all respects resembles this, except in
that the flowers are described as yellow; and in a MS.
note on obtusifolia Dr. Watt gives yellow as the colour
of its flower. * Royle's figure of P. obtusifolia represents
the corolla-tube as much too long and narrow, and its
colour as lilac.
sett. 1st, J 887.
Seeds of P. obtusifolia were sent to Kew from Sikkim
by Dr. King, which flowered in a cool pit in June of the
present year. The species is a native of the alpine region
of the Himalaya throughout its length, from the Sutlej
river to Bhotan. In Sikkim it is confined to elevations
of 11,000 to 14,000 feet, and there abundant, flowering in
May and June.
Descr. Bootstoch stout, clothed with broad fleshy sheath-
ing scales. Leaves very variable, two to five inches long ;
in extreme forms some are ovate-cordate and petioled,
others have the blade so narrow, and so narrowed into the
petiole, that the whole organ is very narrowly spathulate,
tip usually obtuse, undersurface naked or mealy, nerves
prominent and reticulate. Scape six to ten inches, stout
or slender, usually brownish-green ; inflorescence naked or
more or less mealy ; bracts a quarter to a third of an inch
long, ovate or subulate, free or connate at the base. Calyx
campanulate, cupular in fruit, cleft to the middle, lobes
ovate or oblong and subacute, or broadly oblong with
rounded tips, dark brown when not mealy. Corolla claret
or almost port-wine coloured, rarely yellow ; tube about
twice as long as the calyx ; mouth narrow, thickened,
orange-yellow ; lobes broadly obcordate, flat, spreading,
obscurely crenulate. Ovary subglobose, tip not rounded
nor thickened. Capsule globose, shorter than the calyx.
Seeds papillose. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Calvx ; 2, corolla laid open ; 3, ovary : — all enlarged.
6951
MS.del, J.'K.fitdiltfh.
Tfcicent Brc
L Re<?ve &. C? London
Tab. 6957.
IRIS KlNGlANA.
Native of Central Himalayas.
Nat. Ord. Ibideje. — Tribe Moe.ee.e.
Genus Ikis, Linn.; (Bentlt. et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 686.)
Iris Kingiana '; rbizomate breviter repente, foliis linearibus erectis subglancis
semipedalibus, pedunculo brevissimo, spathis unifloris, valvis lanceolatis
viridibas magnis, periantbio tubo viridulo elongate, segmentis exterioribas
obovato-cuncatis reflexis saturate lilacinis maculatis unguibus crista, depressa
alba filamentis copiosis albidis hiteo capitatis barbatis prrcditis, segmenf is
interioribus oblongis unguiculatis pallide lilaeini?, styli cristis deltoidois,
antheris pallide lilacinis filamento ajquilongis.
I. Kingiana, Foster in Card. Citron. 1887, vol. i. p. 611.
This very interesting new species was discovered by Mr.
Duthie, in his recent exploration of British Garwhal, and
was first cultivated by Professor Foster, and named by him
after Dr. George King, Director of the Calcutta Botanic
Garden. It comes about midway between I. pumila and
I. tertorum, and forms a connecting link between the
sub-genera Pogoniris and Evansia, in the former of which
the claw of the outer segments is furnished with a beard,
and in the latter with a more or less laciniated crest. Our
drawing was made from a plant that flowered in the Kew
collection at the end of May this present year.
Desce. Bootstoch short-creeping. Leaves five or six to
a rosette, three elongated, linear, erect, rather glaucous,
about half a foot long at the flowering time; veins and
edo-es hyaline. Peduncle very short. Spathes single-
flowered; valves lanceolate, greenish, unequal, the inner-
most one and a half or two inches long. Perianth-tithe
greenish, cylindrical, two or two and a half inches long ;
limb bright lilac ; outer segments obovate-cuneate, reflex -
ing, an inch and a half long, dark lilac, much mottled with
paler lilac, furnished with a beard down the claw composed
of white filaments with a yellow glandular tip, springing
from a depressed white crest; inner segments oblong-
sept. 1st, 1887.
unguiculate, erect, paler lilac. Style an inch long, including
the short deltoid crests, lilac in the middle, paler towards
the edge. Anther whitish-lilac, as long as the filament. —
J. G. Baker.
Figs. 1 and 2, Stamens ; 3, style, with its crests : — both much enlarged.
6958
Vinceitt ■ Broak;-; L'.iy ■■'
! ! Ij
Tar. 6958.
ANEMONE Fanninii.
Native of South Africa.
Nat. Ord. KANUNCtrLACEiE. — Tribe Anemones.
Genus Anemone, Linn.; (Benth. et Hoolc. f. Gen. PI. vol. i. p. 4.)
Anemone Fanninii; sericeo villosa, foliis amplis longe petiolatis orbicularis basi
profunde cordato-bilobis 5-7-lobis palmatinerviis superne subvelutinis, lobis
ovato-rotundatis duplicato-dentatis, scapis 2-3 pedalibus robustis 2-3-floris,
floribus amplis, sepalis numerosis lineari-lanceolati-i acuminata extus sericeis,
carpellis villosis, stylo filiformi glabro.
A. Fanninii, Harv. rass. in Gen. So. Afric. PI. El. ii. 2 ; Masters in Gard.
C/iron. N. S. vol. xxv. (1836), p. 426, 432, fig. 81.
This giant Anemone was discovered in 1863 at Dargle
Farm, Natal, by Mr. Gr. Fannin, who sent dried plants of
it to the late Dr. Harvey, and by him it was named in
manuscript after its discoverer. Specimens have sub-
sequently been received at Kew from Mr. J. M. Wood,
collected in 1883, on a grassy hill at Ismont, at an elevation
of 2000 feet ; and still later Dr. Masters has communicated
specimens from Mr. A. W. Adlam, of Pieter Maritzburgh,
Natal, who found it in open grassy situations at 3600 to
4000 feet elevation, and sent seeds to England. In an
interesting botanical sketch of a tour in Natal (" Gard.
Chron." I.e. 426) Mr. Adlam describes this Anemone as
growing five feet high with leaves two feet in diameter.
The distribution of the genus Anemone in the southern
hemisphere is very peculiar ; beginning with the African
continent, one species (A. Thomsoni, Oliver) is found on
the equatorial mountain of Kilimanjaro, at an altitude of
9000 to 10,000 feet, its nearest congeners to the north
being two European species which occur in Algeria, for no
representative of the genus has been found in Abyssinia or
in Marocco. To the south again none occur till Natal is
reached, where A. Fanninii appears; whilst still further
south are the A. Caffra, Eckl. and Zey. (a near ally of
A. Fanninii), of Oaffraria, and A. capensis, L., which
grows on Table Mountain and other high ranges to the
westward. In South America the genus, though scantily
oct. 1st, 1887.
represented as to species, extends throughout the Andes
almost to Cape Horn itself, and is found also in South
Brazil. In Asia, south of the tropics, one species alone is
known, the A. crassifolia, Hook., of the Tasmanian Alps,
which belongs to a different section of the genus from the
African or American species. Its geographically nearest
allies are tropical and very remote indeed, namely, the
A. sumatrana of Sumatra, and unpublished species in the
Philippine Islands.
A. Fanninii, as observed above, is very nearly related to
A. Caffra, and may indeed prove to be a gigantic form of
that species, from which it differs chiefly in its very much
larger size, and the more rounded lobes of the leaf. The
specimen here drawn was received in June, 1835, from Mr.
J. Medley Wood, of the Natal Botanical Gardens, and
flowered in a cool pit at the Royal Gardens in April of the
present year. The flowers, which last about a fortnight,
are sweet-scented, and the petals green for several days
before expanding. In the open air the leaves attained
fifteen inches in diameter. It is quite hardy, plants having
stood out of doors at Kew all last winter.
Descr. Bootstoclc stout, woody. Leaves suborbicular,
eight to twenty-four inches in diameter, coriaceous, five-
to seven-lobed, velvety above, densely or laxly villous
beneath, with spreading subsilky hairs, palmatinerved ;
nerves very stout beneath; lobes rounded, obtuse, ir-
regularly toothed; petiole one to two feet long, silkily
villous with spreading hairs below and appressed ones
above, or appressed throughout. Scape two to five feet
high, very robust, clothed like the petiole two- rarely
three-flowered ; involucre of two rarely three linear bracts
one to three inches long, entire or with lobed tips, densely
silky externally. Flowers three to four inches in diameter,
pure white, fragrant ; pedicels eight to ten inches long or
more. Sepals very inconstant in number, twelve to thirty,
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, silky externally. Stamens very
numerous, in many series, densely crowded round the
pistil. Carpels numerous, silkily villous, terminating in a
slender glabrous style of about twice the length of the
ovary, and which does not appear to lengthen after
flowering — J. D. H.
Fig. 1 and 2, Stamens ; 3, carpels : — all enlarged.
6959
A,JN.Fit<Jiith
-WntSro^I^So^-
Tab. 6959.
STATICE Suworowi.
Native of Western Turkestan.
Nat. Ord. Plumbagine.2E. — Tribe Statice^:.
Genus Stalice, Linn. (Benin, et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 625.)
Statice (Psylliostacbys) Suivorotvi ; annua, foliis omnibus radicalibus mem-
branaceis oblongo-oblanceolatis obtusis integerriinis nervo excurrente mucro-
natis undulatis, scapo elato superne racbique spicarum pubescente, spieis
valde elongatis subpanieulatim dispositis densifloris, bracteis ovatis albo-
h3 T alinis cuspidatis, spiculis 2-3-floris bibracteolatis, bracteolis flora in inferiornm
scariosis late ovatis nervo viridi cuspidatis, superiorum subulatis, parium
inferiore truncato-dentata,calycis tubo inferne glanduloso-piloso, lobis aristatis,
corolla? tubo calyce duplo longiore, lobis rotundatis.
S. Suwerowi, Kegel Gartenfi. vol. xxxi. (1882), p. 289, tab. 1095, figs. 1, 2; Gard.
Chron. N. S. vol. xx. (1883), p. 392, fig. 59.
This is one of the most beautiful Annuals introduced of
late into cultivation, and is fortunately perfectly hardy.
It belongs to an annual section of the genus Statice, with
terete spikes of flowers, all Oriental and Central Asiatic,
of which 8. spicata, Willd., which ranges from the Ural to
Palestine in the West, and Beluchistan in the East, is the
type. 8. Suiuerowi differs from that plant in its tall
stature, in its much greater size, quite entire leaves, and
very long drooping spikes. It w^as discovered by Dr.
Albert Regel near Dscham-Bulak in Western Turkestan,
and is named in honour of Iwan Petrowitsch Suworow,
Inspector of Military Hospitals, &c, iu the Turkestan
forces. The Royal Gardens are indebted for specimens to
Dr. Masters, who raised plants from seeds received from
Messrs. Haage and Schmidt of Erfurt. The plants flowered
in July, 1886. Dr. Masters mentions a single specimen as
having remained upwards of two months in flower, and
says that by sowing in succession from February to April
it may be had in full bloom throughout the summer from
May till October. At Kew it has flowered both in a
conservatory and in the rockery, in the latter case attaining
a height of five feet, but with flowers paler than under
oct. 1st, 1887.
glass. The plant figured was raised from seed communicated
by Dr. de Regel from the Imperial Botanical Gardens of
St. Petersburg.
Descr. A tall annual. Leaves all radical, six to eight
inches long, membranous, pale green, oblanceolate, obtuse,
mucronate by the excurrent nerve, narrowed into a winged
or naked petiole, midrib broad, nerves very slender. Scape
three to five feet high, stout, obtusely angled and grooved,
green, glabrous below, hairy above, bearing one very long
terminal drooping spike a foot long or less, and several
distant lateral ones four to six inches long. Splices sessile or
nearly so, cylindric, obtuse, one-third to nearly one-half of an
inch in diameter; rachis pubescent; flowers subsessile, one-
sixth of an inch long, most densely crowded, rose-coloured,
disposed in two- to three-flowered sessile bracteate spikelets,
bracts and bracteoles scarious with excurrent nerves,
shorter than the calyx. Calyx-tube narrow, hairy at the
base ; lobes triangular, awned. Corolla-tube twice as long
as the calyx, lobes rounded or very broadly oblong.
Stamens exserted. Styles capillary. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Reduced sketch of the whole plant ; 2, leaves, and 3, portions of inflores-
cence cf the natural size; 4, flower and bracts; 5 and 6, stamens; 7, pistil:
all enlarged.
6360,
Tab. 6960.
IRIS Sari, var. lurida.
Native of Asia Minor.
Nat. Ord. Ibidem. — Tribe Moe-EEJ::.
Genus Ibis, Linn.; {Benth. et Rook.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 686.)
Ibis (Oncocyclus) Sari,\a.r. lurida; rhizoniate brevi obliquo, foliis ensiformibus
faleatis glancescentibus semipedalibus, pednnctilo tnonoceplialo foliis Bqnilonso,
spatha- valvis Ianceolatis Tentricocu pallide viridibus, periutithio tubo bi-
pollicari, limbi segmentis orbicularibus oopiositsime fusco-punctatis, ezterioriboi
reflexis diffuse barbatis, interioribus erectis, styli appendicibus Im'vibus rotun-
datis.
I. Sari, var. lurida, Boiss. Fl. Orient, vol. v. p. 131.
This curious new Iris belongs to the small section
Oncocyclus, and is closely allied to the well-known I. susiana
(Bot. Mag., tab. 91). Our drawing was made from a
specimen sent by Mr. R. I. Lynch, of the Cambridge
Botanic Garden, with whom it flowered last May. We
have also had it this summer in the herbaceous ground at
Kew, received from Professor Foster. The species was
originally described in my synopsis of the genus Iris,
published in the " Gardener's Chronicle" in the year 1876
(vol. v. p. 788), from material furnished by Max Leichtlin.
Descr. Rhizome short, oblique. Leaves about six, ensi-
form, falcate, glaucescent, half a foot long at the flowering
time, half an inch broad. Peduncle monocephalous, half
a foot long ; spathe-valves lanceolate, ventricose, pale green.
Perianth-tube two inches long; segments of the limb
suborbicular, two and a half or three inches long, copiously
striped and spotted with claret-purple on a claret-white
ground ; outer segments reflexed, darker in colour, furnished
with a diffused brown -black beard ; inner segments paler,
erect. Filaments shorter than the anthers. Style dark
brown, an inch broad, furnished with two short quadrate
appendages. — J. G. Baker.
Fi"-. 1, Part view of stamen; 2, back view; 3, style with appendages: — ail
more or less enlarnrf.
OCT. 1st, 1887.
6B61
Z,Heeve &
Tab. 6961.
primula sapphirina.
Native of the Sikkim Himalaya.
PRIMULA Reidii.
Native of the Kumaon Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Peimuiace^:.— Tribe Peimule^!.
Genus Pbimula, Zinn.; (Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. PL vol. ii. p. 631.)
Pbimula sappMrina ; perpusilla, dense csespitosa, foliis ca?spitosis subrosulatis
cuneato-spatbulatis obovatis oblanceolatisve in petiolum latum angustatis,
grosse pectinato- v. pinnatifido-dentatis, scapo gracillimo plurifloro, bracteis
minutis, floribus brevissime pedicellatis nutantibus, calycis parvi lobis brevibus
obtusis v. subacutis, corolla? late infundibularis sapphirinae v. violaceae tubo
brevi tereti, lobis obovatis 2-fidis, capsula globosa inclusa.
P. sappbirina, Hook. f. and Thomson in Serb. Ind. Or., and in Flora of British
India, vol. iii. p. 492 ; Watt in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xx. p. 10, tab. 13 C.
Primula Reidii ; foliis oblongis oblongo-oblanceolatisve obtusis grosse lobulato-
dentatis vel -crenatis in petiolum angustatis, supra convexis bullatis laxe sub-
sericeo-villosis, scapo rigido plurifloro, bracteis latis, floribus brevissime
pedicellatis nutantibus, calycis ampli campanulati intus farinosi lobis brevibus
latis rotundatis glanduloso-ciliatis, corolla? eburnese tubo calyce sequilongo lobis
late oblongis in globum conniventibus apice 2-lobis cum dente interjecto,
ovario globoso, capsular globosse valvis ad apicem membranaceis.
C. Keidii, Ditthie in Report on Saharumpore Bot. Gardens for 1885, and in
Gard. Chron. N. S. vol. xxv. (1886), p. 277 in note, and N. S. vol. xxvi. (1886),
p. 691, fig. 136.
Of the two Himalayan Primroses here figured, P. sajiphi-
rina was discovered by myself in June, 1849, in the alpine
regions of the Sikkim Himalaya, growing at elevations of
13,000 to 15,000 feet, where it starred the otherwise bare
soil and rocks, soon after the melting of the snow, with its
o-em-like flowers. It has since been collected by Dr. King's
native emissaries, by whom seeds were transmitted to
Calcutta, and thence to Kew. It is very similar in size
and habit to P. pusilla, Wallich, of similar elevations in
Nepal and Sikkim, but in which species the corolla is
salver-shaped and white, and the throat bears a tuft of
vfoolly hairs. The seeds were sown at Kew, March 30,
1886, and the plants raised flowered in a cold pit in May
of this year.
oct. 1st, 1887.
Primula Beidiiis in some respects an even more singular
species than P. sapphirina, from its compact head of
rather large ivory-white flowers, the very large calyx, and
the limb of the corolla, which is, from the incurvation of
its broad lobes, almost globular. It is a very recent dis-
covery of Mr. Duthie, made when (in August, 1884), as
Superintendent of the Botanical Gardens of Saharumpore,
he officially visited the higher regions of the Western
Himalaya in the province of Kumaon (that bordering
Nepal on the west). In an interesting account of that
excursion, printed in the Annual Report of those gardens,
and reprinted in the " Gardener's Chronicle," quoted above,
Mr. Duthie mentions the discovery of this Primula in the
Ralam valley on wet rocks near the glacier, at an elevation
of 12,000 to 13,000 feet, and describes it with the name
attached of his fellow-traveller, Mr. Reid. On a subsequent
excursion made in 1885 in British Garwhal, a province
immediately to the westward of Kumaon, Mr. Duthie again
met with Primula Reidii, and at the same elevation.
Seeds were taken from the Herbarium specimens sent by
Mr. Duthie, and the plants raised flowered in the Royal
Gardens contemporaneously with P. sappkirina , and under
like conditions. — /. 1). H.
Fig. A. P. sapphirina ; 1, leaf ; 2, calyx ; 3, corolla laid open ; 4, ovary : — all
enlarged.
Fig. B. P. Beidii; 1, calyx; 2, portion of corolla laid open; 3, ovary: — all
enlarged.
.6961
<
^^>J^St
.,
.-.'
>-
*^K
Tab. 6962.
DENDROBIUM sulcatum.
Native of Assam, or the Khasia Mountains.
Nat. Ord. Obchide^e. — Tribe Epidendbe-E.
Genus Dendbobitjm, Swartz; {Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. PI. vol. Hi. p. 498.)
Dendbobium (Dendrocoryne) sulcatum; caulibus fastigiatis clavatis leviter cora-
pressis protunde sulcatis, foliis subterminalibus late ovatis acutis v. acuminatis
laevibus coriaceis, nervis numerosis obscuris, racemis lateralibus breviter
pedunculatis multifloris, bracteis minutis acutis, floribus fastigiatis aureis
.sepalis oblongis lineari-oblongisve obtusis, petalis sepalis a?quilongis obovatis
apice rotundatis, labello late cuneato-obovato v. obcordato in unguem brevem
angustato hireuto aurantiaeo intus sanguineo striolato.
D. sulcatum, Lindl. Hot. Reg. vol. xxiv. (1838), tab. 65.
D. sulcatum, var. polyantha, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. Ser. 3, vol. i. (1887), p. 607.
Dendrobium sulcatum was first described and figured by
Lindley in the Botanical Register for 1838, from what
appears to me to have been a very poor specimen, that
flowered in the Duke of Devonshire's garden at Chats-
worth. The plant itself is stated to have been received
from India, where it was collected by Mr. Gibson, a
botanical emissary of his Grace's. Mr. Gibson collected in
the Khasia Mountains, and nowhere else in India that I
am aware of, whence he sent home a multitude of orchids
and fine plants of other Orders. The only other early
authority for I), sulcatum is a specimen (so named by
Lindley) in the Hookerian Herbarium, marked as from
Assam, Griffith; but as Griffith's Assam and Khasia
collections were mixed, this specimen may also have been
from the Khasia. Lindley's original drawing represents a
narrowly oblong leaf, described as three-nerved, but
fio-ured as five-nerved, and a clavate stem, with three
racemes of three flowers each, characters so different from
those of the plant here figured, that Mr. Rolfe has, in the
" Gardener's Chronicle " (taking Lindley's figure as the type
of D. sulcatum), described that here figured as var. polyantha.
A reference, however, to the native specimen, together with
the opinions of several experienced orchid-growers, leads
oct. 1st, 1887.
me to regard the form here figured as the typical state of
the plant, possibly improved a little by cultivation, and
Lindley's figure as representing a very emaciated or
indifferently cultivated state of it. An examination of the
native specimen (though ill-preserved and mutilated) seems
to prove this ; its leaves are intermediate in breadth
between Lindley's and that here figured, and have many
nerves ; and the raceme bears thirteen bracts, indicative
of the position of as many flowers, of which all but two
have fallen away.
D. sulcatum belongs to the section of the genus which,
as limited by Lindley, in his notes on the Orchidology
of India (Journal of the Linnsean Society, vol. iii. p. 5),
" must be confined to species with stems or pseudo-bulbs
bearing leaves at the apex only, and always of a thick
leathery texture." Under D. cfirysotoxum in the Register
(1847, t. 36), he calls these Club Dendrobes, and considers
them best characterized by their fleshy angular stem with
two or more manifest articulations, one or more leaves at
the upper end, and a lip not broken up into a tuft of hairs
or fringes (the latter forming his section Desmotrich/um).
Amongst the typical yellow-flowered Dendrocorynes figured
in this work are D. chrysotoxwn, Lindl., t. 5053, D. densi-
flor urn, Wall., t. S418,D. Farmer i, Paxt.,t. 4659, and the sub-
ject of the present plate. The white-flowered D.speciosvm,
Sm., t. 3074, and its allies, together with D. tetragonum,
Cunn., t. 5956, all from Australia, are rather aberrant
members of the same section. The type may be regarded
as D. aggregatum, Roxburgh, which is the first described
of the Indian yellow-flowered Dendrobes.
Our specimen was received in 1886 from the Botanical
Gardens of Calcutta, and was said to have come from
Assam. It flowered in April, 1887, in the cool orchid-
house, which favours the supposition that it is a native of
the Khasia Mountains, rather than of Assam. — J. D. II.
Fig. 1, Lip; 2, base of flower and column; 3, anther; I. pollen-masses: — all
< irfarged.
6963
m s a<a : tiiMi<L,irtii
BrookaJJay&.SonBrip,
Tab. 6963.
LANDOLPHIA flobida.
Native of Tropical Africa.
Nat. Ord. Apoctneje. — Tribe Cabisse^;.
Genus Landoltiiia, Beaut). ; {Benlh. et lloolc.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 092.)
IjXNDOLPHIA. florida .; alte scandens, cirrliifera, glaberrima, foliis breviter petiolatis
amplis ovato-oblongis obtusis v. acutis integerrimis basi rotundatis v. subcor-
datis, nervis utrinque coste 0-8, cymis pedunculatis multifloris glabris pubes-
ivntibus tomentosisve, floribus breviter pedieellatis, bracteolis minutis ovato-
oblongis obtusis pedicello appressis, calycis parvi lobis oblongis, corolla? tubo
gracili pollicari stramineo intus villoso, lobis tubo seqnilongis lineari-oblongis
obtusis, ovario annulo piloso eincto, stigmate fusiformi apiee 2-dentato.
L. florida, Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, p. 411; Wain. Ann. vol. iii. p. 29;
hotschy Plant. Jinn, t. 13 A ; Thomson in Appendix to SpeJre's Journ. of
Discovery of Source of Nile, p. 639; Grant in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxix.
p. 107. Christy, New Commercial Products, N. i. p. 8, with a plate.
L. cotnorensis, Benlh. in Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 093.
Vabea comorensis, Bojer Sort. Mdurii. p. 207 ; DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 228.
Willuglibeia cordata, Klotzsch hi Peters Mosamb. But. p. 281.
This is the India-rubber producing tree of Tropical Africa,
a plant known to Botanists long before its commercial value
had attracted attention to it. The first notice of it is by the
.late M. Bojer, of Mauritius, who published it in 1836 under
the name of Vahea comorensis, from specimens cultivated
in the Mauritius Botanical Garden, and which were brought
from Johanna, one of the Comoro Islands. In 1848 it
was described by Bentham in the Niger Flora, from speci-
mens collected by the lamented Vogel, Botanist to the ill-
fated Niger Expedition of Captain Trotter. Bentham
recognized it as a true Landolphia, but coming from the
west coast of Africa, he could not have supposed that it
was referable to what was supposed to be another genus,
Vahea, and which was a native of the east coast. In 1863
it was published as WUlwjhb<>ia cordata, by Klotzsch,
from specimens brought from Johanna Island, the locality
whence Bojer' s specimens were obtained. In 1867 it was
fio-ured by Kotschy in the account of the plants collected
by Madame Tinne in the Soudan, under its proper name
nov. 1st, 1887.
of Land olphia florid a. Lastly, when preparing: the Apocynece
for the "Genera Plantarum," Bentham recognized the
identity of Valica of Lamarck with the earlier established
Landolphia of Beauvois, and referred V. comorensis, Bojer, to
the latter genus, but did not perceive its identity with L.
florida. This was no doubt due to the fact that whereas
the cymes oifiorida are, densely tomentose, those of co-
morensis are quite glabrous. Since its first publication L.
florida has been found in many places on both the east and
west coasts of Tropical Africa, from Guinea to Angola on
the west coast, and from the Soudan to Mozambique on
the east, occurring; in forests near the coast as well as in
the interior, and varying with glabrous, pubescent or
tomentose cymes.
The first notice of the Landolphia yielding India-rubber
that I have found is by Col. now Sir J. A. Grant, in the
appendix to Speke's Journal (p. 639), repeated in an elaborate
account of his collections published in the Limuean Society s
Transactions (xxix. 107). In this he says of Landolphia
florida, "A woody climber, named M'hoonga (Kis), found at
Madi, Derembe, in a shady spot by a rocky burn. Its
trunk travelled like a boa constrictor along the ground
till it found a tree to climb up, and was twenty-five inches
in circumference ; ascending to the topmost branches, it
threw down pendarts of foliage and clusters of lily-white,
scented flowers. The milk, if rubbed upon the skin, adheres
like birdlime, and can scarcely be rubbed off. . . . The
Wahiao people make playing balls from the juice, and con-
sider its rubber to be the most adhesive known."
For living specimens of this interesting plant the
Royal Gardens are indebted to Sir John" Kirk, from
whom they were received in 1878. The plant, a spray of
which is here figured, after climbing to the roof of the
Palm House, flowered profusely, in the month of June ot
this year, powerfully scenting the air with its delicious
fragrance. — J. D. 11.
Fiff. 1, Calyx, pedicels and bracteoles ; 2, base of corolla-tube laid open, showing
tli« ttainens ; 3, t.tamens ; 4, ovary ; 5, transverse section of ditto : — all enlarged.
"VmcerttBi
L Reeve Ss. O
Tab. 6904.
PIIAL/ENOPSIS Maele.
Xative of the Sulu Archipelago.
Nat. Ord. Oechide.e. — Tribe VaHDRE.
Genus PhaUBXOPSIS, Blame (Benlh. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 573.)
PHALKXOPsrs (Stauroglottis) Marice ; caule brevissiino, foliis oblongis v. late
lineari-oblongis apicibus acutis sx'pe recurvis basi uno latere aurieulatis, pani-
cula gracili longe peduneulata plurillora, iloribus \\ poll. latU, sepalis petalis-
que subaequalibus lineari-oblon^is obtusis albis violareo-liiseiatis, labelli lobid
lateralibus angustis cornilbrmibus subrecurvis magnibus in flex is, intennedio
oblongo purpureo albo-marginato l>a>i 2-calearato, disco villis erectis onusto,
coltimna medio constrkta, apiee nuda.
P. Maria?, Burbidge in Warner jf Williams Orchid. Album, vol. ii. t. 80, and
sub t. 87.
Mr. Burbidge, the discoverer cf this species in the
Sulu Archipelago, when travelling for Messrs. Veitch, says
of it in the work cited above, " At first sight this plant,
both in its habit of growth and in its blossoms, is sug-
gestive of Phahvnopsis sumatrana, especially the beautiful
variety of that species known as lilacina ; but in P. JL>ritt>
there is no apical lobe to the lip, nor is the apex of the
column fringed as in that species. The bold amethyst-
like blotches on the snow-white sepals and petals are
very lovely." Mr. Burbidge adds that it is a mountain
plantandof a singularly hardy constitution, and bence bears
the vicissitudes of transit better than many of its allies.
In the description accompanying the plate in the Orchid
Album, the specific name is, by an oversight, attributed to
Professor Reichenbach, an error which is corrected by Dr.
Reichenbach himself in a note appended to the description
of Plate S7 (Vanda tricolor, var.), where it is explained that
P. Marice was dedicated by Mr. Burbidge to his wife on
the spot where he found it, the main Island of Sulu. The
specimen here figured was presented to Kew by Mes
Huo-hLoWjOf Clapton, and flowered in June of the present
year.
>-ov. 1st, 1SS7.
Descr. Stem very short. Leaves six to eight inches
long, by two to two and a half broad, linear-oblong,
acute, recurved towards the apex, channelled along tlie
centre, with convex sides, bright green, smooth, glossy.
Panicle with its peduncle much longer than the leaves,
slender, sparingly branched; flowers distant; peduncle
and rachis slender, dark green ; bracts small, green.
Floiucrs one and a half inches in diameter, pedicel and
ovary together nearly an inch long, slender, pale. Perianth
white with four or five broad red-purple transverse bands
on each leaflet ; dorsal sepal oblong, tip rounded, lateral
rather broader and more elliptic; petals about the same
size as the sepals, but rather broader upwards, and sub-
spatbulate. Lip small, shorter than the sepals ; lateral
lobes narrow, erect and rather recurved, spur-like, their
tips pointing to the constriction in the column ; midlobo
clawed with a cleft recurved spur at the base ; limb oblong,
obtuse, red-purple with a white margin, disk clothed thickly
with long erect villi. Column with the sides constricted
in front about the middle, the edges inflected. — J. JJ. II.
Fig. 1, Column and lip seen sideways ; 2, front view of column ; 3, anther
with the tip of the stipes and gland projecting ; 4, pollinia with stipes and gland : —
all enlarged.
all enlarged.
6965
"Vincant Bro oks Day &. San W
LKsev-
Tab. 6965.
POLEMONIUM plavdm.
Native of New Mexico.
Nat. Ord. Polemoniace^e.
Genus Polemonium, Linn.; (Benth. et IL>uk. f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 82;?.)
Polemonium Jlavum ; caule 2-3-pedali simplici v. corvmbosim ramoso folioso
superne laxe tomentoso, foliis pinnatis, foliolis multijugis eliiptico-lanceolatis
acutis, cymis corymbosis, pedicellis calycibusque pilis laxis flexuosis glanduloso-
tomentosis, calyce carupanulato ultra medium 5-fido, lobis oblongodanceolatis
acuminatis, corolla flava infundibulari-carnpanulata glanduloso puberula, lobis
late ovatis acutis calyce multo longioribus, filamentis lobis corolku brevioribus
irna basi villosis, oapsula polyspermri, seminibus obscure alafcis.
P. flavum, E. L. Greene in Coulter s Hot. Gazette (Indiana, U.S., June 1881),
vol. vi. p. 218 ; Gray Synopt. Flora ofN. America, Gamopetalce, p. 412.
Mr. Greene says of this plant, when describing it in the
" Botanical Gazette," " It is hard to establish, and some-
what hazardous to propose, new species of Polemonium.
The claim for specific rank for this very striking and
beautiful plant I base upon the shape and colour of
the corolla. No other species but P. confertum shows a
corolla whose limb is really funnel-formed, that is not at
all spreading ; nor has any other form red-yellow flowers
which show no tinges of blue or purple or flesh colour, even
in fading. Its nearest ally is P.foUosissimum, while it
has more the look of P. earneum." The chief of American
botanists, Dr. A. Gray, having admitted the claims of P.
flavum to specific rank, Mr. Greene's views are confirmed.
I must remark, however, that as cultivated at Kew
the corolla-lobes do spread, and show no trace of a tawny
red colour. With regard to P. carncum, A. Gray, a native of
San Francisco, it agrees with P. flavum in habit, and has
a yellow-flowered variety assigned to it by Gray, but it has
rounded apices of the corolla-lobes. A third species that
much resembles P. flavum is P.incarnatum, A.Gray (Greene's
Plants of California, No. 796), but that is more glabrous,
has obtuse calyx-lobes, a very large corolla with rounded
kov. 1st, 1S87.
lobes, and of a salmon colour, fading to purplish. P.
folioswsimurn., A. Gray, is considered by Mr. Greene as the
nearest ally of ftavum. I have gathered this species in the
Wasatch Mountains, Utah, in company with Dr. Gray; also
at La Veta, near the borders of New Mexico, at an elevation
of 9000 to 10,000 feet ; it has narrower leaves, smaller white
or blue flowers, and rounded corolla-lobes. None of the
above species have been figured in any horticultural pub-
lication.
P. flavum is a native of the highest slopes of the
Pinos Altos Mountains of New Mexico, where it grows
with Delpliinum glaucum, Watson, and Evpatorium granduhn-
tatvm, DC, and where it was found by Mr. Greene in flower
and fruit in September, 1880. The specimen figured hero
was communicated to the Cambridge Botanical Gardens
by Mr. Lynch in July 1 of the present year. The species
has also been in cultivation, and flowered at Kew during
the last two years. — J. V. R.
Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, calyx, style and stigmas ; 3, portion of
corolla and stamen ; 4, ovary and disk ; 5, vertical section of the same -.—all
enlarged.
6966.
Tab. 696G.
MORINA BETONICOIDES.
Native of the SiJchim Himalaya.
Nat. Ord. Dipsace.e.
Genus Mobina, Linn.; (Bent/i. et Ilook.f. Gen. PI. vol. ii. p. 15S.)
Moktna betonicoides ; caule pilis retrorsis pubescente, foliis linearibus v. Iineari-
lanceolatis acutis integerrimis marginibus spinulosis, caulinis oppositis, capitulis
paucifloris, involucelli tubo brevi ore truncato spinis 12-20 erectis armatn,
caljcis subcampanulati obscure bilabiati lobis late ovatis spinescentibus ciliatis,
corolla rosea, tubo hirsuto calyce duplo longiore lente curvo, limbi fere
jpqualis lobis subsequalibus obcordato-rotundatis ore contracto, filamentis
brevibus inferioribus paullo brevioribus.
M. betonicoides, Tienth. in Hook. Ic. PI. t. 1171; Clarice in Flora of British
India, vol. iii. p. 217.
The Lead-quarters of the genus Morina are, as far as is
at present known, the Himalaya Mountains, where it occurs
throughout the whole extent of the range, from Kashmir
eastward. A tew species extend westward into Affghanistan,
and one into Persia, and probably a fair share will be
found in Western China. There are two sections of the
genus, one with a deeply and subequally two-lipped calyx,
the lips two-lqbed, to which belong M. persica, L. (M.
Wallichiana, Royle), If. longifolia, Wall. (Tab.nost. 4092),
and M. Coulteriaiia, Royle (Tab. 6734), remarkable for its
yellow flowers ; in the other the calyx is obscurely two-
lipped with spinescent lobes; to this belongs B. nepalensis,
a species hitherto only known from Wallich's specimens
collected in Nepal, and the subject of the present plate,
which Mr. Clarke suggests may be a fully developed state
of nepalensis.
M. betonicoides was first found by myself, id 1848, at
elevations of 10,000 to 13,000 feet in the Sikkim Himalaya,
and it has subsequently been gathered by Mr. Clarke in the
same country and at the same elevations. It is a beautiful
rock plant and quite hardy. The specimen here figured
was raised from seed sent by Dr. Kurz, Superintendent
not. 1st, 1S87.
of the Royal Botanical Garden of Calcutta, in March 1883,
and the plant flowered in Juno of the present year.
Duscr. Stem erect or suberect, ten to eighteen inches
high, with a line of retrorse hairs down one side. Leaves
four to eight inches long, linear-lanceolate, acute, quite
entire, margins ciliate with long very slender prickles, nerves
parallel ; cauline opposite, shorter, broader towards the
base, recurved. Spikes subcapitate, subtended by oppo-
site bract-leaves tinged with red, few-flowered. Flowers
sessile. Involucel with a short broad terete subcampanu-
late tube, membranous, hairy ; mouth truncate with twelve
to twenty erect unequal ciliate teeth or bristles, which
are shorter than the calyx-teeth. Calyx rather longer
than the involucel, tube terete ; mouth oblique, obscurely
two-lipped, five-lobed, lobes erect triangular ovate ciliate,
tips spinescent. Corolla one inch long, bright rose-red,
crimson at the bases of three or four of the lobes, tube hairy,
incurved, slender below, dilated under the flat nearly
regular limb, which is half an inch in diameter, with or-
bicular-obcordate subequal lobes. Stamens four, within
the corolla-tube, filaments very short, and anthers subequal.
Stigma discoid. — J. D. H.
Fig. 1, Flower and involucel ; 2, cah-x. style and stigma; 3, coro'la laid open ;
4, vertical sectiou of base of calyx and ovary : — all enlarged.
6961
Tab. 6967.
VICIA Denessiana.
Native of the Azores Islands.
Nat. Ord. LEGUMiNosiE. — Tribe Vicie^;.
Genus Vicia, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 524.)
Vicia (Cracca) Denessiana ; perennis, scandens, sericeo-pilosa, caule sulcato sub-
tetragono, foliis sessilibus i'oliolis alternis et suboppositis ad 16-24, jugis
oblongis obtusis mucronulatis subtus sericeo-pubescentibus, stipulis semi-
sagittatis serratis, racemis foliis subajquilongis densifloris, pedunculo rachique
robustis, floribus pollicaribus versicoloribus, calycis dentibus tubo multo bre-
vioribus, vexillo abbreviato alis ultra medium subreflexis breviore, leguminibus
breviter stipitatis 2-pollicaribus lineari-oblongis acutis planis comprewsis,
seminibus parvia funiculo semilunari.
V. Dennesiana, Watson in Godman Nat. Hist, of Azores, p. 154.
Y. Durneriana (erore pro Dennesiana), Drouet, Cat. Flore des Ileg Aeores, p. 90.
This is one of the very few plants endemic in and pecu-
liar to the Azores, and like the Campanula Vidalii (Tab.
nostr. 4748) it is most restricted as to area. The late
Mr. H. Watson, in his contribution to Mr. Godman's
interesting work quoted above, says of it, " This is a
remarkable plant in itself, and in its history so far as is at
present known ; for chance alone seems to have saved it
from becoming an extinct species almost immediately after
it became known at all. It was found by Mr. Hunt
(British Consul for the Azores) on the mountains at the
east end of the Island of San Miguel, growing upon damp
earthy precipices, but in one spot only, from which it has
since disappeared through a landslip. At the time of
writing this page (Mr. Watson says) the letter from Mr.
Hunt which conveyed a more detailed account of the
discovery and disappearance of the Vic la has been itself
unfortunately lost or mislaid. Mr. Hunt unsuccessfully
sought for the plant elsewhere in the same neighbourhood,
and°no other collector has found it in any of the isles."
Mr. Watson goes on to say, that it has flowered with him
at his garden, Thames Ditton, Surrey ; and cultivated
specimens have been distributed to Botanists, labelled with
nov. 1st, 1887.
the manuscript name of Dennesiana, adapted from that of
Mr. G. B. Dennes, who was Honorary Secretary of the
Botanical Society of London at the time when some speci-
mens were sent by Mr. Hunt for distribution through that
Exchange Club. Mr. Watson's treatment of the plant was
to protect the seedlings in a frame in winter, and put the
grown up plants into the open garden ground in the
following summer to flower and seed. The severe frost of
May, 1867, in Surrey, proved almost fatal to the small stock
of plants that he possessed; he, however, took up the roots
and repotted them, when one alone flowered in the dry
summer of 1868 in a weakly condition. This he hoped
might be available for the Botanical Magazine, but he was
disappointed, and it is only after twenty more years that
an opportunity has occurred of carrying out Mr. Watson's
intention of having this very interesting plant figured in
the Magazine. The changes in the colour of the flower
are, as that author states, remarkable ; the early buds are
of a fine purple, but as they expand they become of a dull
slate colour passing on to a dingy fawn and when dry a
sort of russet brown.
The source of the specimen here figured is a plant found
in Mr. Watson's garden, after that lamented botanist's
death, by Mr. Nicholson of the Royal Gardens, Kew, and
which he brought to Kew. This flowered in tho herba-
ceous pit in the end of May. — /. D. H.
Fig. 1, Leaf ; 2, flower ; 3, stamens ; 4, pistil ; 5, pod, and 6, seed, both of the
natural size ; 7, the same enlarged, as are Figs. 1-4.
6963.
Vt^n»<»itn"ir ■
•
N.Wddtfti
Tad. C963.
AXTHUEIUM Veitciiii.
Native of Colombia.
Nat. Ord. Aroideje. — Tribe Okontiej?.
Genus Antiitjeium, Schott ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 90S.)
AnthtTRIT/M (Cardiophyllum) Veitchil ; caudice brevi, foliis maximis limina ab
apice petioli subaaquilongi pendula elongato-oblonga acuminata basi profunda
cordata, lobis rotundatis sinu angusto v. sese obtegentibus, nervis perphmmis
patentim arcuatis profunde depressis, lamina inter nervos convexa, basilaribus
retrorsurn arcnatis, saturate viridibus supra lucidis, infra pallide e viridi
brunneis, petiolo tereti non canaliculate, geniculo incassalo pollicari, pedunculo
robusto tereti petiolis dimidio breviore, spatba libera pedali lanceolata caudato-
acuminata basi subcordata, patenti-recurva, epadice ses^ili crasM obtusa
straminea, perianthii foliolis crassis subquadratis truncatia facie ventrali
concavis, ovario elongato-conico 2 loculari, siigniate minute, loculis 1-ovulati*.
A. Veitchii, Masters in Gard. Chron. N.S. vol. vi. (1876), p. 772, fi?. 143;
Engler Monoyr. Aracece, p. 178 ; And r€ III. ITorticol. vol. xxviii. t. 4A)6.
No Araceous plant surpasses the subject of this plate in
stateliness and beauty of foliage. A fall-grown plant of it
quite fills the end of the centre table of an ordinary stove,
and arrests the eye by its graceful habit, the gigantic size
of the pendulous leaves, which are four feet long in well
grown plants, the brilliancy of their green, and if placed
in a favourable position, the play of light on the numerous
polished symmetrically curved convexities that cross each
half of the blade from the tip to the base. The spadix
and spathe are very inconspicuous, the latter being pale
green, and the former dull straw-coloured.
A hybrid raised by Mr. Bull between .1. Veitckianum
and A. Andreaniu,>, is A. chelseiensis, N.B. Br. (in " Gard.
Chron." vol. xxiv. 1885, p. 650); it is no improvement
upon either parent.
This beautiful plant was very appropriately named by
Dr. Masters after the most eminent of living cultivators,
who generously presented to Kew the specimen here
figured, and which flowered at Kew in June of the present
year. It is a native of Colombia, and was discovered by
Mr. Waters, who suggested the specific name of his patrons
dec. 1st, 1887.
to Dr. Masters. Iu the description accompanying the
figure in the " Gardener's Chronicle " the peduncle of the
spathe is said to be hardly shorter than the petioles, and
our drawing would appear to confirm this ; but I am
assured by Mr. Brown that the figure in the " Chronicle"
which represents the peduncle as about half the length of
the petiole is its normal condition. It will be observed
that' the reduced figure of the spathe in the plate 6968 is
not represented in situ.
Desce. Caudex short, erect, leafy in our specimen to the
base, and emitting roots from near the bases of the petioles.
Leaves disposed in a symmetrical crown four or five feet in
diameter, formed of eight or more leaves, whose petioles
rise almost perpendicularly from the caudex, then curve
outwards and bear pendent blades upwards of four feet
long by nearly a foot broad ; petiole terete, not grooved,
with a swollen joint an inch long at the top ; blade linear-
oblong, acute or acuminate, deeply cordate at the base,
with a narrow sinus or overlapping lobes, bright green and
shiny above, pale and suffused with brownish-green beneath ;
midrib and nerves deeply sunk, the latter very numerous,
forty or more pairs, carved with the concavity towards
the apex of the leaf, and with the leaf surface raised
between them in smooth symmetrical transverse semi-
lunar ridges. Peduncle about half the length of the
petioles, stout, terete, smooth below, ribbed under the
spathe. Spathe a foot long, horizontal, green, caudate at
the tip, dilated and subcordate at the base. Spadix six
inches long by one in diameter, erect, sessile, cylindric,
obtuse, straw-coloured. Perianth-segments nearly square
in outline, convex dorsally, concave ventrally, with truncate
rounded tips ; filaments very broad ; anthers erect. Ovary
elongate - conical, two-celled, cells one-ovuled; stigma
minute. — J. 1). H.
Plate 6968 represents a plant of A. Yeitchii reduced to one-fourth the natural
size, and a spadix with its spathe of the natural size. Fig. 1, Flowers in a
fragment of the spadix ; 2 and 3, segments of perianth ; 4 and 5, front and back
view of stamens ; 6, ovary ; 7, the same with one cell Cut open, showing the ovule ;
8, tamsverse section of ovary ; 9, ovule : — all enlarged.
-lontnp
Tab. 6969.
HELICOPHYLLUM Alberti.
Native of Bokhara.
Nat. Ord. Aboide.e. — Tribe Arise*.
Genus Helicophyllum, Schott ; (Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. PL vol. iii. p. 968.)
Helicophyllum Alberti ; foliis longe petiolatis hastatis undulatis lobo postico
triangulari-lanceolato lateralibus patentibus obtusiusculis, anticis 2 postieo
paullo brevioribus erectis angustis uno latere infra medium processu corni-
fbrme instructis, petiolo crassiusculo canaliculate, spatha? breviter orasse
pedunculatse intus leevis tubo cylindraceo viridi lamina oblonga acuminata
intus atro-purpurea dimidio breviore, spadice gracili, inflorescentia mascula
brevi femineaa subsequilonga, interstitio pistillodiis pugioniformibus laxe obsita,
appendice gracile cylindracea atro-violacea, ovario 2-4-ovulato.
H. Alberti, Hegel, Descript. Plant. Nov. fasc. ix. (1884), p. 43, t. ix.
Helicophyllum is a small genus of Oriental Aroids, natives
of Eastern Siberia, Asia Minor, Syria, and Persia, of which
three species are described in Engler's Monograph of the
Aracece, published in 1879, and a few others have been
found since, including the subject of this plate, which,
coming from Eastern Bokhara, extends the previously known
geographical area of the genus considerably to the eastward.
It further modifies the generic character from our specimens
having four ovules, whereas its congeners are described as
having but two ovules, and they are so figured in the
drawing of H. Alberti from native specimens given by Regel.
A very similar species to H. Alberti has been brought
by Dr. Aitchison, F.R.S., from North -Western Afghanistan,
but in it both the lateral and anticous lobes of the leaf are
wanting.
The tubers of H. Alberti were sent from the Imperial
Garden of St. Petersburg in 1884, and flowered in May of
the present year in a sunny border of the Herbaceous
ground ; the inflorescence was offensively fetid. The
species 'is named after the intrepid explorer of Central
Asia Dr. Albert Regel, the accomplished son of Dr. de
Be^el, the Director of the Imperial Botanical Garden of
St. Petersburg.
dec. 1st, 1887.
Descr. Stemless; root sub-globose. Leaves of young
plants oblong-lanceolate, simple, narrowed into the petiole ;
of full-grown plants four inches long, with a petiole as
long; blade hastate, acuminate, undulate, concave at the
base, with two lateral spreading horn -like horizontal basal
lobes, and between them two long linear erect ones that
are nearly as long as the blade, and face it ; these front
lobes have each on the outer margin below the middle a
curved horn-like process ; the leaves are dark green above,
very pale beneath; petiole stout, channelled in front.
Spathe seven inches long, on a very stout short green
unspotted cylindric peduncle ; tube one and a half inches
long by one broad, cylindric, faintly striate, pale green
without and within; lamina oblong, acuminate, very thick,
open, with rather recurved margins, dark maroon purple
within, pale green without, quite smooth without and
within. Spadix five inches long, slender ; male and female
portions each about a third of an inch long ; the inter-
vening portion as long as the male and female together,
loosely covered with dagger-shaped pistillodes; appendix
longer than the rest of the spadix, cylindric, smooth,
ragged at the tip, blue-black. Anthers red purple ; nearly
square, with rounded angles, adnate to a very short stout
filament; slits short, opening outward and upward.
Ovaries turgidly ovoid, truncate, crowned with a thickened
papillose ring, which surrounds a central short truncate
umbo; ovules 4 (in this specimen), erect. — /. D. H.
Fig. 1, Spadix; 2, 3, and 4, stamens; 5, ovarj ; 6, the same sliced vertically,
and 7, transversely ; 8, ovule : — all greatly enlarged.
.onion.
Tab. 6970.
RUBUS EOSaiFOLICS.
Native of the Himalaya, Burma, and Java.
Nat. Ord. Eosace.2E. — Tribe Rub&X.
Genus Ecbus, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. PL vol. i. p. 616.)
Rubus rosafolius ; erectus, ramosus, aculeis sparsis parvis recurvis, rami's gracilibns
petiolisque patentim pilosis birsutis pubescentibus glabratisve interdum glandu-
losis, foliis pinnatis, foliolis 3-7-jugis ovato-lanceolatis acutis v. acuminatis
duplicato- inciso-serratis utrinque viridibus, stipulis subulatis v. linearibus,
floribus solitariis v. in paniculas paucifloras dispositis gracile pedicellatis,
sepalis caudato-acuminatis petala orbicularia v. subrhombea alba longioribus,
ovariis perplurimis in pistillum cylindraceum densissione congestis dorso pauci-
glandulosis ceterum glabris, stylo gracili, fructu oblongo-cylindraceo, drupis
perplurimis parvis globosis glabris rubris.
E. rossefolius, Smith Ic. Ined. fasc. iii. p. 60, t. 60; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 556;
Plume Pidrag. p. 1107 ; Miguel Fl. Ind. Pat. vol. i. pt. i. p. 375 ; Kurz
Fl. Brit. Purm. vol. i. p. 439 ; HooJc. Ic. PI. t. 349 ; Hook. f. Fl. Prit. Ind.
vol. ii. p. 341 ; Paker FL Maurit. 96 ; Wall. Cat. No. 728.
B. rosaefolius /3, coronarius, Sims Pot. Mag. t. 1733.
R. rosa;florus, Eoxb. FL Ind. vol. ii. p. 519.
E, pinnatus, Willd. Sjp. PL vol. ii. p. 1081; DC. I. c. ; Ait. Hurt. Hew, vol. iii.
p. 270.
E. javanicus, Plume, Bidrag. p. 1108.
E. asper, Don Prodr. FL Nep. p. 234; Wall. Cat. No. 741 ; DC. I. c. 558.
E. pungens, Camhess. in Jacguem. Voy. Pot. p. 48, t. 59.
E. sikkimensis, Otto Eunze mss.
E. paniculatus, Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xv. p. 140 {not of Smith.)
E. sorbifolius, Maxim. Diagn. vol. x. p. 390 (a very bispidly hirsute state.)
E. Commersonii, Poir. Encyclop. vol. vi. p. 240.
E. sinensis, Hort.
It is somewhat singular that a plant so widely distributed,
so long and well known botanically, rejoicing in eleven
specific names, and well adapted for ornamenting a con-
servatory, should be seldom met with under cultivation.
Its native country was long unknown. It was first de-
scribed, in 1791, by Sir J. E. Smith, and figured in his
" Icones Ineditse " from specimens procured by Commerson
in the Mauritius ; where, according to Baker (Fl. Maurit.),
it was introduced from the Malay Islands by Commerson
about 1780. Willdenow described it in 1 799 as R. pinnatus,
dec. 1st, 18S7.
but without locality. Aiton, in the second edition of
" Hortus Kewensis," says that it was introduced by Sir
Joseph Banks from the Cape of Good Hope and St. Helena ;
and I gathered it myself, in 1840, abundantly in the latter
locality, where it is, however, nndoubtedly introduced. In
1813, Sims figured a double-flowered state of it as var.
coronarius ; this was brought from Penang (Prince of Wales
Island) by a Mr. Evans, of Stepney, whose name should
be gratefully remembered by Horticulturists, for Mr. Sims
states that this gentleman " devoted almost the whole of
his income to the acquirement of new and rare plants,
which he generously distributed amongst other collectors."
Mr. Sims adds that " nurserymen usually call it B. sinensis,
but on what authority it is considered as coming from
China we know not." The Botanical Magazine was, how-
ever, the first publication in which the plant was described
from specimens which, though no doubt cultivated ones,
were brought from its native country, nor was it till much
later that its geographical limits were determined. Even
so late as 1840, the late Dr. Harvey sent to Sir W. Hooker
a figure of it from the Cape of Good Hope, which was
published in the u Icones Plantarum," with the remark that
it is perhaps a native of Table Mountain. The fact is that
the intercourse maintained by the ships of the East India
Company between India, the Cape of Good Hope and St.
Helena, sufficiently accounts for its introduction into those
countries ; and it has already spread from them into so
many others, that it promises to be a cosmopolite in the
warm countries of the globe. It is an undoubted native
of the Himalayan Mountains, the Malay Peninsula, Java,
China and Japan, in which latter country the double variety
figured in this Magazine (t. 1733) is cultivated as a garden
shrub. Mr. Morris informs me that it is naturalized in
several of the West Indian Islands, and its fruit sold in
their markets under the name of " Framboisier."
As a species B. roscefolius is not likely to be confounded
with any other, though some Malayan species approach it
very nearly. Its chief attractions are its evergreen foliage,
the delicate white of the petals, and above all the fruit,
which is copiously produced in cultivation and charming
to the eye, though insipid to the taste. — J. D. JI.
Fig. 1 and 2, Stamens ; 3, young carpels : — all enlarged.
6071.
Kh f r
Tab. 6971.
ONCIDIUM MIORGFOGON.
Native of South Brazil ?
Nat. Ord. Oechideje. — Tribe Vande.e.
Genus Oscimvu, Swartz ; (Benth. et JSooh.f. Gen. PI. vol. iii. p. 562.)
Oncidium (Microchila) micropoqon; pseudobulbis confertis brevibus ovoideis
compressis demum sulcatis, foliis 2-nis crasse coriaceis lineari-oblongis apice
rotundatis medio canaliculars, racemo elongato flexuoso laxe plurifloro, bracteis
parvis, floribus 1| poll, latis, sepalis lineari-oblongis acuminatis subtortis
aureis brunneo pallide fasciatis, lateralibus basi connatis labello suppositis,
petalis sepalis subsequilongis sed multoties latioribus unguiculatis orbicularibus
apice emarginatis aureis ungue brunneo, labello petalis minore breviter
unguiculato subgequaliter trilobo lobis aureis unguiculatis orbiculatis V. late
obcordatis, disco turnido echinato lateribus dentatis, columna brevi.
0. micropogon, Reichenb. f. in Bonplandia, 1854 p. 90, and Xen. Orchidac.
vol. i. p. 179, t. 63, f. ii. ; Lindl.fol. Orchid., Oncid. 48.
0. dentatum, Klotzsch in Otto and Dietr. Allgem. Gartenzeit., 1853, p. 234.
The native country of this species seems not to be
exactly known ; it was first published by Dr. Reich enbach
from specimens that flowered in the famous Orchid Col-
lection of Consul Schiller at Hamburg; and a few years
later, in the " Xenia Orchidacea," it is mentioned as to be
found in various gardens in Germany. It is, however,
supposed to have come from St. Catherine's in South
Brazil. The specimen here figured was contributed by
Messrs. Sanders, of St. Albans, in 1886, and flowered in
August of this year.
Dbsce. Pseudo-bulbs sub-distichously imbricate on a
short rhizome, an inch long, broadly ovoid, compressed,
truncate, smooth, in age with a few broad shallow grooves
on each face. Leaves two at the top of the pseudo-bulb,
sessile, four to six inches long, linear-oblong, rounded at
the tip, thickly coriaceous, deep green and shining, chan-
nelled down the middle. Raceme eight to ten inches long,
long-peduncled, rather stout, flexuous, pendulous; bracts
small, ovate, appressed to the pedicels. Flowers one and a
half inch across the petals. Sepals linear-oblong, acuminate,
undulate and almost twisted, yellow with pale brown
dec. 1st, 1887.
bands, two lateral connate at the base and placed under the
Up; each sepal is traversed on the back by a stout green
costa. Petals as long as, but much broader than the
sepals, clawed, orbicular, notched and sometimes with wavy
or subcrenate margins, golden-yellow with a deep red-
Drown claw. Lip smaller than the petals, shortly stoutly
clawed, with three sub-equal spreading clawed orbicular
or broadly obcordate golden-yellow lobes ; disk tumid,
covered with conical yellow and brown tubercles, margins
expanded and pectinately toothed. Column short, stout.—
3 She^iTnH t lih v h& SCpa /, S a ? d Petals rem °™l; 2, front view of column;
o, autner ; 4 and o, pollen -.—all enlarged.
6372.
l-Re
Tab. 6972.
RHODODENDRON" rhombicum.
Native of Japan.
Nat. Ord. Ericaceae. — Tribe Khodokejs.
Genus Rhododendron, Linn. ; {Bentk. et HooJc.f. Gen. PL vol. ii. p. 599.)
Rhododendron (Azalea) rhomhicum ; ramulis junioribus petiolis pedioellisqna
hirsutis, foliis diu persistentibus breviter petiolatis rhombeis acutis eglandd-
losis, floribus ad apices ramulorum bitiis, mia cum foliis paucis series maturatis
e gemma terminata erumpentibus, gemmarum bracteis oblongis membranaoeia
demiim recurvis, floribus breviter pedicellatis, calyoe parvo 5-dentato hirsuto,
corollas rose© limbo sub-bilabiato, lobis oblongis tubo breviter campanula^
multoties longioribus obtusis concavis, staminibus 10, filamentis gracillimis >
anticis quam posticis duplo longioribus decliiiatis, antheris minutis, ovario
parvo 5-loculari hirsuto, stylo gracili elongato, stigmate truncato.
R. rhombicum, Miguel Trains. Fl. Jap. p. 96 ; Begel Gartcnfi. 1868, p. 225,
t. 586 ; Maximov. Rhod. As. Or. p. 26.
Ii. reticulatum? Bon Gen. Syst. vol. iii. p. 816.
Tsurogone tsutsusi, M'tquel Ann. Mus. Lur/d. Hat. vol. i. p. 34.
In his admirable memoir on the Asiatic species of
RhododendretF published in the " Memoirs of the Imperial
Academy of St. Petersburg," Maximovicz has definitely
relegated Azalea to its right position as a section of
Rhododendron, and we have followed him in the "Genera
Plantarura." The characters once and still depended on for
separating Azalea were the eight stamens and deciduous
leaves; but the stamens aro often ten, and as Maximovicz
points out, several species retain their leaves during
flowering and even after, as the subject of the present
plate instances. There is in fact no other character given
by Maximovicz in his conspectus of the sections of the genus,
whereby that of Azalea is distinguished from section
Eurliododendron, but the deciduous leaves.
B. rhombicum is a native of the Island of Niphon, where
it inhabits mountain forests, and its near allies are all
Japanese and Chinese. The specimen figured flowered in
an azalea bed in the Rojal Gardens in May, and leaves
were fully developed in June, but there are specimens in
dec. 1st, 1887.
the Herbarium with fully formed leaves and flowers
together on the same branch. The leaves assume a bronze
hue late in autumu.
Descr. A tall much branched shrub ; branches slender,
stiff, glabrous, young strigosely tomentose ; leaf buds
developed at the base of the pedicels of the flowers ; bracts
oblong, obtuse, silky, at length spreading and recurved.
Leaves subconical, one and a half to two inches long,
young silky, rhombic-elliptic, acute at both ends, dull
green and sparsely hairy above ; nerves three to four pairs,
subtrigose beneath ; unclersurface finely reticulate ; petiole
one-sixth to one-fourth of an inch long, tomentose.
Flowers usually in pairs ; pedicel one-sixth to half an inch
in diameter, strigosely villous. Calyx minute, five-toothed.
Corolla one and a half to two inches across the lobes, sub
two-lipped, bright rose-coloured ; tube very short, cam-
panulate ; lobes narrowly oblong, obtuse or subacute,
concave. Stamens ten, five upper much the shortest, five
lower declinate and ascending; filaments very slender;
anthers minute. Capsule ovoid-oblong, villous. — J. D. II-
Fig. 1, Portion of undemuface of leaf ; 2 and 3, anthers ; 4, calyx and ovary: —
all enlarged.
INDEX
To Vol. XLII1. of the Third Series, or Vol. CXIII. of the
whole Work.
G921 Adesmia balsamica.
G939 /Echmea myriophylla.
6944 Alpinia zingiberina.
G951 Alseuosmia macrophylla.
6915 Amasonia calycina.
6958- Anemone Fanninii.
6968 Anthuriuni Veitchii.
6934 Aristolochia ridicula.
6954 Barberia repens.
6926 Begonia cyclophylla.
G937 Billbergia decora.
6940 Carex scaposa.
6927 Ceropegia Monteiroae.
6930 Chrysanthemum multicaule.
6928 Clavija Ernstii.
6955 Coelogyne corymbosa.
6925 Corydalis KoJpakowskiana.
6946 Corydalis Ledebouriana.
6962 Dendrobium sulcatum.
6935 Disporum Leschenaultianum.
6949 Escallonia revoluta.
6919 Gladiolus Watsonioides.
6913 Hedychium Gardnerianunt.
6931 Hedysarum microcalyx.
6969 Helicophyllum Alberti.
6920 Hemipilia calophylla.
6929 Heuchera sanguinea.
6953 Hillebrandia sandvicensis.
(3952 Ipomaea Kobertsii.
6957 Iris Kingiana.
6960 Iris Sari, var. lurida.
6942 Iris' (Xiphion) Yartani.
6963 Landolphia florida.
6924 Lapeyrousia grand ill ora.
6943 Lonchocarpus Barteri.
6932 Momordica involucrata.
696G Morina betonicoides.
6950 Narcissus cyclamineus.
691 7 Nymphsea flava.
6971 Oncidium micropogon.
6938 Oxera pulchella.
6964 Phalsenopsis Maria?.
6936 Pleurothallis insignis.
6965 Polemonium flavum.
6916 Primula, (a) erosa, (d) capitata,
var.
6956 Primula obtusifolia.
6961 Primula, (a) sappbirina, (b)
Reidii.
6911 Pultensea rosea.
6948 Rhododendron grande, var.
roseum.
6972 Rhododendron rhombicum.
6970 Rubus rosajfolius.
6918 Silphium albiflorum.
6914 Solanum Wendlandii.
6959 Statice SuAvorowi.
6922 Strobilanthes coloratus.
6947 Strobilanthes flaccidifolius.
G945 Tillandsia Jongbei.
6967 Vicia Deneaaiana,
6923 Xantlioceras sorbifulia.
6933 Xanthorihaea Preisaii,