Curtis's botanical magazine.

aa _ CURTIS'S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

ILLUSTRATING AND DESCRIBING
Plants of the Woval Wotanic Gardens of Kew,
‘AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS;

EDITED BY

SIR DAVID PRAIN, CMG., C.LE., LI.DZ FERS,
DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.

BARR RRR en ee

‘VOL... XIL
OF THE FOURTH SERIES.
(Or Vol. CXLIL. of the Whole Work.)

* Disposing well
The gay diversities of leaf and flower.”
COWPER.

Nee

LONDON:
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1916.
[All rights reserved.]

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LATELY EDITOR OF THE

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,
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THIS VOLUME

IS GRATEFULLY DEDICATED.

Kew, December 1, 1916.

INDEX

To Vol.

XII. of the FourtaH Serrigs, or Vol.

CXLII.

of the whole Work.

8691 Abies cephalonica.

8678 Acacallis cyanea.

8658 Alnus cordata

8663 Aloe arborescens, var. na-
talensis.

8651 Alpinia Elwesii.
~ 8653 Androsace coccinea.

8650 Aristolochia Lawrenceae.
8687 Artanema longifolium
8670 Brachystelma oianthum.
8682 Callicarpa Giraldiana.
8666 Campanula Zoysii.

8652 Chamaedorea nana.

8644 Chrysanthemum _foenicu-
laceum.
8668 Cirrhopetalum concinnum,
— var. purpurea,
8686 Clematis afoliata.
8655 =|, ~—Ss~Pavoliniana.

_ 8685 Cytisus monspessulanus.

8661 ,, _ ratisbonensis. |
8683 Dendrobium Palpebrae.
8642 Eria ornata.

8662 ,, tomentosa.

8656 Euonymus Bungeanus.
8673 Euphorbia Caput-Medusae.

| 8645 Funkia lanéifolia, var. tardi-

flora.

8689 Huntleya citrina.

8648 Lobelia Holstii.

8677 Lonicera tatarica.

8657 Lupinus Chamissonis.

86744 Mesembryanthemum trans-
vaalense.

86748 Mesembryanthemum tuber-
culosum.

8667 Paeonia Willmottiae.

8671 Pandanus furcatus.

8660 Pentstemon rupicola.

8665 Rhododendron charianthum.

8659 - decorum.

8643 re erubescens.
8669 a Hanceanum.
8649 3 hypoglaucum.
8675 Bf monosematum.

8688 Rosa cerasocarpa.

8679 ,, Dawidii.

8690 Sanguisorba obtusa, var.
amoena.

8664 Saxegothaea conspicua.
8647 Sophora macrocarpa.
8654 Sophrolaelia Psyche.
8681 Stapelia Gettleffii.

8684 Telopea oreades.

8680 Thuranthos macranthum.
8676 Ursinia cakilefolia,

8672 Viburnum betulifolium.

- Fou ae ie <
Ma 138

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NI C A i | M A AGA

EDITED By

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Bitector, meee! Botanic ESTERS, Hew,

ee I NR a:

Diepoatine wall

“The. ay y diversities of veal tee Hower.” 4a

bea Sg een IS

AGAZ ae

133, JANUARY, 1916, ‘

| : ‘PEARSON. eet oe
Complete in Two Voli with: 298 plates, 10 in, by 6a in, - Gasca Looe

tions, Short Notes, iGereraplical Disiribution are Table of Literature,

aS ie anid good: Index.- qo Ses

With: Coloured Plates, £6 6s. ee

x By w. H.

The compleis set ob er volumes, £85,

LEPIDOPTERA OF -CEY HON.
By F. MOORE,
5 . ) in three Volumes, with 215 Coloured Plates, 1 in. by 8} in. £21 I2s.-

i eta

CORAL AND ATOLLS eon
2 Bye WOOD-JONES, D.Se:, -F.Z,5..

histor; Sad description of ihe Keeling Oocas Sede, witha an Seooun’ ot
3 a auna and flora, and a. Sees of the 1

“6, Henrietta ec Wc.

8642

MS. del JN Fiteh Lith. Vincent Brooks, Day & Son LeAimp.

L Reeve &C? London

Tas. 8642.
ERIA oRNATA.
Malaya.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EPIDENDREAE.
Eri, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 509.

Eria (§ Dendrolirium) ornata, Lindl. Gen. and Sp. Orch. p.66; De Vriese, Ill.
Orch. t. 8; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. iii. p. 660 partim; Ridl. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. vol. xxxii. p. 302; J. J. Smith, Orch. Jav. p. 380 partim,
fig. 288; Kraenzl. in Engl. Pflanzenr., Orch.-Dendrob. pars 2, p. 50 pro
parte sed fig. excl.; species distincta, ab H. armeniaca, Lindl., bracteis
basi latioribus aurantiacis et labelli disco tricarinato differt.

Herba epiphytica, rhizomate crasso lignoso. Pseudobulbi distantes, late
ovoidei vel ovoideo-oblongi, subcompressi, 4-7 cm. longi, triphylli. Folia
' breve petiolata, elliptico-oblonga, subacuta, coriacea, recurva, 20-25 cm.
longa, 4-5 cm. lata. Scapi suberecti, 30-45 cm. longi, basi vaginis sat
numerosis imbricatis vestiti, tomentosi praesertim superne, multiflori;
bracteae magnae, ovatae vel ovato-lanceolatae, subobtusae, margine paullo
reflexae, 3-4°5 cm. longae, glabrae vel parce pubescentes, pulchre rubro-
aurantiacae; pedicelli 3-4 em. longi, tomentosi. /J'lores mediocres, extra
brunneo-tomentosi. Sepala subconniventia; posticum ovato-oblongum,
subobtusum, 1°2-1°5 cm. longum ; lateralia subaequalia basi valde dila-
tata, mentum breve rotundatum formantia. Petala lineari-oblonga,
1-1°2 cm. longa. Labellwm. recurvum, trilobum, 1-1°2 cm. longum, basi
angustum; lobus intermedius deltoideo-ovatus, subobtusus, undulatus;
lobi laterales late triangulares, obtusi; discus tricarinatus. Colwmna
clavata, 5 mm. longa. Pollinia 8, ellipsoidea.—Dendrolirium ornatum,
Blume, Bijdr. p. 345.—R. A. Rote.

The striking Eria here described has had a somewhat
confused history. It was originally published as Dendro-
lirium ornatum in 1825 by Blume, who based his species
on material from Bantam and from Buitenzorg in Java.

It became, therefore, EH. ornata when Lindley treated
Blume’s genus as a section of Hria. Some time there-
after Lindley described, as E. armeniaca, a Philippine Lria
collected by Cuming which had flowered in the collection
of Messrs. Loddiges at Hackney. Later, however, Lindley
included the Philippine £. armeniaca in the older E. ornata,
and at the same time added to the species a Khasia
plant collected by Sir Joseph Hooker. The Khasia plant
is now known to be a distinct species, L. tomentosa,
Hook. f.; the status of the Philippine one is less clear,
for Kranzlin follows Lindley’s later view and treats
E. armeniaca as a form of E. ornata, while Ridley adopts
that originally formed by Lindley. The two plants are

JaNnuARY, 1916,

certainly very closely allied, but in the Philippine one the
bracts are narrower at the base than they are in /. ornata,
and yellow rather than orange, while the lip is somewhat
difierent in shape. On this account, and also because of
the occurrence of another nearly allied but equally
distinct species, E. hainanensis, Rolfe, in the island of
Hainan, it is preferable to adopt Ridley’s view. The
original EL, ornata now figured occurs in Sumatra and
Borneo as well as in Java, and has been also met with
by Curtis at Pungah in Siam. The plant figured is
the one from Borneo, which was presented to Kew in
May, 1915, by Mr. H. J. Elwes, Colesborne, Cheltenham ;
it thrives well in a tropical house under the conditions
suitable for Malayan species of Dendrobium and ria.
The more striking features of /. ornata are its robust
habit, its large rather coriaceous leaves, its large reddish-
orange bracts and its densely tomentose brownish-grey
flowers. .

Description.—Herb, epiphytic ; rhizome stout, woody ;
pseudobulbs discrete, wide-ovoid or ovoid-oblong, some-
what compressed, 14-23 in. long, three-leaved. Leaves
shortly petioled, elliptic-oblong, rather acute, coriaceous,
recurved, 8-10 in. long, 14-2 in. wide. Scapes rather
erect, 1-14 ft. long, clothed at the base with a number of
imbricate sheaths, tomentose especially towards the top,
many-flowered ; bracts large, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,
rather obtuse, slightly reflexed along the edge, 14-1? in.
long, glabrous or sparingly pubescent, bright reddish-
orange; pedicels 14-14 in. long, tomentose. flowers
medium-sized, brown-tomentose outside. Sepals some-
what connivent; the posterior ovate-oblong, somewhat
obtuse, 3-2 in. long; lateral about as large but much
dilated at the base where they form a short rounded
mentum. Petals linear-oblong, § in. long or rather less.
Lip recurved, 3-lobed, 4 in. long or rather less, narrowed
at the base; middle-lobe deltoid-ovate, rather obtuse,
with undulate margin; lateral lobes wide-triangular,
obtuse; disk 3-keeled. Column clavate, } in. long.
Pollinia 8, ellipsoid.

Fig. 1, flower; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap; 6, pollinia 5
7, sketch of au entire plant :—all enlarged except 7, which is much reduced.

8643

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Tas. 8643.
RHODODENDRON ervsescens.
Western China.

ERIcackEak, Tribe Ruoporgar.

RHODODENDEON, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. fF. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599,

Rhododendron (§ Eurhododendron) erubescens, Hutchinson; species nova,
affinis R. Fargesti, Franch., sed foliis conspicue reticulatis, filamentis .
dense pubescentibus differt.

Frutex; ramuli stricti, cortice purpureo glabro obtecti. Folia oblongo-elliptica,

: apice obtuse et abrupte mucronata, basi obtusa vel rotundata, 8-10 em,
longa, 3-4 cm. lata, rigide coriacea, supra atro-viridia, impresso-reticulata,
infra flavo-viridia, minute papillosa, eglandulosa; costa media supra
leviter impressa, infra prominens, apicem laminae versus sensim angustata ;
nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 12, pergraciles, flexuosi, supra leviter
impressi, infra vix prominentes; veni infra graciliter reticulati; petioli
robusti, 2 cm. longi, supra canaliculati, carmineo-purpurei, sicco transverse
verrucosi, glabri. Flores terminales, circiter 8-nati ; pedicelli 1-1-4 em.
longi, breviter sed dense papilloso-glandulosi. Bracteae extra adpresse
villosae. Calyx parvus, 5-lobus, lobis inaequalibus ovato-rotundatis ad
2 mm. longis papilloso-glandulosis. Corolla intus alba, extra roseo-
carminea ; tubus late turbinatus, circiter 3 cm. longus, apice circiter
2°5 em. diametro, intus basin versus minute puberulus ; limbus 5°5 em.
expansus, 7-lobus, lobis patulo-recurvatis semiorbicularibus emarginatis
1°3 cm. longis et latis. Stamina inclusa, 12-14; filamenta ad 2 em.
longa, inferne dense pubescentia; antherae purpureae, 2°5 mm. longae.
Ovarium glandulis albis stipitatis ornatum, plerumque 6-loculare, 5 mm.
longum; stylus exsertus, glaber, 8 cm. longus, stigmate viscido pallide
flavo 2°5 mm. lato coronatus.—J. Hurcuinson.

The beautiful Chinese Rhododendron now figured is
one of a group of some forty closely allied species
belonging to the section Eurhododendron, all of them
characterised by their glabrous and eglandular leaves.
Several other Chinese members of this group are now in
cultivation, the more notable being R. Fortunei, Lindl.,
figured at t. 5596 and R. Soulici, Franch., figured at
t. 8622 of this work; in our collections may also be
found &. discolor; Franch., R. Fargesii, Franch., and
ft. orbiculare, Franch. The nearest affinity of 2. erubescens
is with Rk. Fargesii; from that species our plant appears
to differ mainly in the more distinctly reticulate leaves
and in having hairy filaments, those of R. Fargesii being

quite glabrous. The material for our plate has been
JANUARY, 1916,

derived from a plant obtained from Messrs. J. Veitch &
Sons for the Kew collection in 1908. The species was
introduced by means of seed obtained for Messrs. Veitch
by Mr. E. H. Wilson during his first journey to China on
their behalf. The plant itself is quite hardy, but at Kew
the flowers, which open about the middle of April, are apt
to be injured by late frosts. It thrives in either a peaty
soil or a sandy loam enriched by leaf-mould.

Description.—Shrub; twigs rigid, clothed with purple
smooth bark. eaves oblong-elliptic, suddenly bluntly
mucronate, obtuse or rounded at the base, 3-4 in. long,
14-13 in. wide, firmly coriaceous, dark green above with
impressed reticulation, beneath yellowish-green, finely
papillose, eglandular; midrib slightly sunk above, raised
beneath and gradually narrowed towards the leaf-tip;
lateral nerves about 12 on each side, very slender, flexuous,
slightly impressed above but hardly raised beneath ;
veins beneath finely reticulate ; petiole stout, 7 in. long,
channelled above, red-purple, transversely wrinkled when
dry, glabrous. lowers terminal, about 8 to a truss;
pedicels about 4 in. long, shortly but closely glandular-
papillose ; bracts adpressed-villous on the outer side.
Calyz small, 5-lobed; lobes unequal, ovate-rounded,
glandular-papillose. Corolla white within, rose-carmine
outside; tube wide-turbinate, about 1} in. long, and
about 1 in. wide at the mouth, finely puberulous near
the base inside; limb over 2 in. across, 7-lobed; lobes
spreading or slightly recurved, semiorbicular, emarginate,
over 4 in. long and wide. Stamens 12-14, included ;
filaments up to } in. long, densely pubescent below ;
anthers purple, ;'5 in. long. Ovary beset with white
stalked glands, usually 6-celled, } in. long; style exserted,
glabrous, 14 in. long; stigma viscid, pale yellow, ;'5 in.
across.

Fig. 1, leaf-tip; 2, calyx and pistil; 8 and 4, stamens; 5, transverse section
of ovary :—all enlarged.

8644

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Tas. 8644,
CHRYSANTHEMUM ForEniIcvuLAcEeum.
Tenerife.

Composrraz. Tribe ANTHEMIDEAE,
CuarysantHemum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. Ff. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 424,

Chrysanthemum foeniculaceum, Brouss, ex Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol.
p. 903; Steud. Nom. ed. i. p. 192; DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p. 66, partim ; affinis
C. anethifolio, Brouss., sed foliis glaucis profunde pinnatipartitis glabris
segmentis linearibus, involucri bracteae latioribus superne membranaceis
differt,

Fruticulus ad 0°75 m. altus, glaber, omnino glaucus; rami teretes vel sub-
angulares, corymboso-adscendentes, superne herbacei, dense foliati, Folia
petiolata, ambitu ovata, usque ad 10 cm. longa et 7 cm. expansa, pinnati-
partita, segmentis linearibus lobulatis acutis 1-nervis tenuiter chartaceis
vel sicco fere membranaceis, lobulis linearibus usque ad 8 mm. longis.
Capitula numerosa, in axillis superioribus longe pedunculata, solitaria;
pedunculi folia multo superantes, erecti, gracillimi, nudi. Involucré
bracteae circiter 4-seriatae, ab extra sensim longiores, exteriores ovatae,
interiores superne et secus marginem membranaceae, demum inaequaliter
laceratae, glabrae. Flores radii numerosi, circiter 5 em. expansi, patuli,
albi; tubus brevis, parce glandulosus; lamina oblongo-lanceolata, apice
denticulata ; achaenia triquetra. Flores disci flavi ; corollae tubus inferne
cylindricus, superne leviter expansus, parce glanduloso-puberulus ; lobi 5,
ovati, obtusi. Achaenia: oblonga, angularia, angulis membranaceo-alatis,
Pappus brevis, oblique cupularis, inaequaliter dentatus. Receptaculum
conicum, nudum.—Pyrethrum foeniculaceum, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol.
p- 903 ; Bot. Reg. t. 272. Argyranthemuwm Soeniculaceum, Webb. Phytogr,
Canar. vol. ii. p. 262, t. 93; Pitard et Proust, Iles Canar. Fl. p. 2380,—
J. Hurcuinson,

This long-known and familiar Chrysanthemum, the horti-
cultural value of which is well known and fully appre-
ciated, is a native of the Island of Tenerife where it is
endemic, and where it inhabits the barrancos or steep
rocky valleys which are so marked a feature of the island
at 1,000-2,000 feet above sea-level ; sometimes it may be
met with, more sparingly, at even lower levels. There is
another Chrysanthemum in Tenerife, closely related to
that now figured, which is restricted to the upland rocky
plain, known as the Cafiadas, that nearly encircles the
upper portion of the mountain at about 8,000 feet eleva-
tion ; according to Barker-Webb this latter is the only

Chrysanthemum of the region above the cloud-belt in
JANUARY, 1916,

Tenerife. Broussonet, to whom we are indebted for first
distinguishing these two plants, termed the lower-level
plant C.: foeniculaceum; that from above the cloud-belt
he named C. anethifolium. In his monogragh of the
Compositae, published in 1837, De Candolle adopted a
view which had already been advanced by Choisy, that
these two plants are only varieties of one species. For
this species De Candolle used Broussonet’s name C. foeni- |
eulaceum, treating the barrancos plant as the type, that
from the Cafiadas as one of its varieties. The two plants
are, however, now known to differ as markedly in their
morphological characters as they do in their habitats,
and when this was first realised the name C. anethifolium,
which belongs to the high-level plant, but which had for
many years gone out of use, reappeared in garden lists,
though, by some mischance, in Continental collections in
which both species are grown the name thus revived
was misapplied to the plant from low elevations, and that
of the low-level plant was transferred to the plant from
higher altitudes. In this country, where only the plant
from the barrancos is cultivated, there has been no
opportunity of comparing the two species in the living
state and of discovering the existence of the curious
error which has led to C. foeniculaceum from the lower
slopes of Tenerife being known in English gardens for at
least a quarter of a century by the name of another
species only found on the high plateau of that island.
Our plant, easy of propagation by cuttings at all seasons,
is in high and well-merited favour both in the conserva-
tory and, in summer, also out of doors. In Tenerife
C. foeniculaceum is in flower from January to April.

Derscoriprion.—Shrublet, 2-5 ft. high, glabrous, every-
where glaucous; branches terete or slightly angular,
corymbosely ascending, herbaceous upwards, densely leafy.
Leaves petioled, ovate in outline, up to 4 in. long, 24 in.
wide, pinnatipartite, segments linear, lobulate, acute,
1-nerved, thinly papery or almost membranous; lobules
linear, up to 4 in. in length. Flower-heads numerous,
-about 2 in. across, long-peduncled, solitary in the axils
of the upper leaves; peduncles much longer than the
leaves, erect, naked, very slender. Bracts of the involucre

_ glabrous, about 4-seriate, gradually longer from without
inwards, the outermost ovate, the inner membranous and
ultimately irregularly lacerate near the tip and along the
margin. ay-florets numerous, spreading, white; tube
short, sparingly glandular; limb oblong-lanceolate, with
denticulate apex. Ray-achenes triquetrous. Disk-florets
yellow ; corolla-tube cylindric below, slightly widened
upwards, sparingly glandular-puberulous; lobes 5, ovate,
obtuse. Disk-achenes oblong, with membranously winged
angles. Pappus short, obliquely cup-shaped, unequally
toothed. eceptacle conical, naked.

Fig. 1, ray-floret and disk-floret; 2, pappus; 3, disk-floret; 4, anthers;
5, immature disk-achene; 6, style-arms :—all enlarged,

Saths

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L Reeve & C? London.

Tas. 8645.
FUNKIA LANCIFOLIA, var. TARDIFLORA.

Japan?

LiniacgkaE. Tribe HEMEROCALLEAE.

Funk, Spreng.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 774.

Funkia lancifolia, Spreng., var. tardiflora, Hort. ex Kew Handlist of Herba-
ceous Plants, ed. 2, p. 489 (1902) ; a typo foliis rigidioribus, petiolis brevi-
oribus racemisque dense multifloris differt.

Herba. Folia radicalia, late lanceolata, acuta, glabra, obscure viridia, sub-
rigida, 12 em. longa, 8 cm. lata; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 4, angulo
acuto adscendentes ; petiolus 10 cm. longus, purpureo-maculatus, vagina

.1°5 cm. lata, ovato-lanceolata, alba, purpureo-maculata. Racemus simplex

vel ramosus, usque ad 50-florus, floribus congestis; pedunculus 30-45 cm.
altus, purpureus, maculis obscurioribus notatus; bracteolae lanceolatae,
acutae, pallide lilacinae, infimae usque ad 2°5 cm. longae ; pedicelli graciles,
1-5 cm. longi, apice articulati. Perianthiwm pallide lilacinum; tubus
infundibuliformis, 2 cm. longus ; lobi oblongo-ovati, 1°2 cm. longi, 5 mm.
lati, apice incrassati et minute pubescentes. Filamenta declinata,
inaequalia, quam perianthium paullo longiora; antherae dorsifixae,
oblongae, 4 mm. longae, connectivo apice obtuse producto. Ovariwm
oblongum, trisulcatum, 5 mm. longum, 1°5 mm. diametro; stylus sub-
robustus, staminibus longior ; stigma subcapitatum, obscure trilobatum.—
F. tardiflora, W. Irving in Garden, 1903, vol. Ixiv. p. 297, cum ic.—
C. H. Wricur.

The Funkia which forms the subject of our plate has
the merit of being very hardy and easily grown and
propagated. It thrives in any soil of good or moderate
quality, and a large stock of plants can quickly be
secured by dividing up the clumps and replanting in
spring. The especial value which attaches to it lies,
however, in its time of flowering, which does not set in
till the end of September or early October and goes on,
if the weather be at all favourable, well into November,
thus providing colour in the garden at a dull season of
the year. Theorigin of this plant is obscure. It cannot
be distinguished by any good morphological character
from F’. lancifolia, a species common in Japan, which
extends thence to Corea and to the Kiang-si province of
China, originally described by Sprengel in the Transactions
of the Linnean Society, vol. ii. p. 335, in 1797, though it
has leaves which are rather firmer and of a darker green,

January, 1916.

with shorter petioles and racemes with more numerous
and more closely arranged flowers. The most striking
difference, however, is that typical /. lancifolia flowers
in July. The first plant of var. tardiflora to reach Kew
was received in 1895 from the late Mr. M. Leichtlin, of
Baden-Baden. Whether it be one of the forms of
F’. lancifolia for whose selection horticulture has to thank
Japanese gardeners is not clear; though severa] garden
forms are depicted in the Phonzo Zoufou, vol. xxiii.
tt. 16, 17, none of these are so densely floriferous as our
plant. The material for our figure was a plant in full
flower out of doors at Kew on 16th October, 1913, —

Description.—LHerb. Leaves radical, broadly. lanceo-
late, acute, glabrous, dull green, rather firm, 5 in. long,
1} in. wide; lateral nerves about four on each side the
midrib, ascending at an acute angle; petiole 4 in. long,
blotched with purple; sheath over } in. wide, ovate-
lanceolate, white, blotched with purple. Raceme simple
or branched, sometimes 50-flowered; flowers densel
clustered; peduncle 1-1} ft. in height, purple, with dull
blotches ; bracteoles lanceolate, acute, pale lilac, the lowest
up to lin. long,; pedicels slender, over } in. long, arti-
culate near the apex. Perianth pale lilac ; tube funnel-
shaped, $ in. long; lobes oblong-ovate, } in. long, } in.
wide, thickened at the tip and minutely pubescent.
filaments declinate, unequal, rather, longer than the
perianth ; anthers dorsifixed, obleng, } in. long; con-
nective produced, blunt. Ovary oblong, trisulcate, + in.
long; style rather stout, longer than the stamens ; stigma
subcapitate, faintly 3-lobed. _

Fig. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, pistil:—all enlarged.

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CONTENTS OF No. 134, FEBRUARY, 1916.

Tax. 8646.—EUCHARIS LOWIL.

, 8647,_SOPHORA MACROCARPA.

» -8648.—LOBELIA HOLSTII.

,, 8649.-RHODODENDRON HYPOGLAUCUM.

ti REEVE & Co., Ltd., 6; — Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

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LEPIDOPTERA. INDICA.

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CORAL AND ATOLLS (Re-ssue),

_ history and ieacae of the ee aecas alesbds, with ‘Gas of 2
their fauna and flora, and a discussion of the method of development and
braiisforr ion of coral structures | in general. ately illustrated with

ions, $

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8646

MS.del. J.N Ritchlith

Vincent Brooks. Day & Son Lidimp

C®? London

3

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Tas. 8646.
EUCHARIS Lowrr.

Western Tropical America.

_ Amaryuurpacear. Tribe AMARYLLEAE.

Evcuarts, Planch.; Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 781.

Eucharis Lowii, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1893, vol. xiii. p. 588, fig. 78; species
EE. grandiflorae, Planch. & Linden, aftinis, tubo staminorum perianthio
adnato, lobis tantum liberis distinguitur.

Herba perennis. Bulbus globosus, collo ei E. grandiflorae simile nisi crassiore
instructus. Folia ovato-cordata, breviter cuspidata, glaberrima, 22 cm.
longa, 18 em. lata, nervis lateralibus approximatis venulis transversariis
filiformibus connexis; petiolus 30 cm. longus. Peduwnculus 60 cm. longus,
2-5-florus ; bracteae membranaceae, late lanceolatae, 4°5 cm. longae, 8 mm.
latae ; pedicelli crassi, 1 cm. longi. Perianthiwm album ; tubus infundi-
buliformis, circiter 9 cm. longus, pars inferior cylindrica 3 mm. diametro,
faux 4°5 em. diametro; lobi elliptici, subacuti, leviter concavi, 5 cm.
longi, 8 cm. lati. Staminorwm tubus perianthio adnatus ; lobi emarginati,
extra linea verticali luteo-viridi notati; filamentorum pars libera 2 cm.
longa. Ovarium oblongum, viride, 3 cm. longum, 8 mm. diametro;
stylus staminibus multo longior; stigma trilobum.—C. H. Wricut.

Twenty-five years ago when describing and figuring
Eucharis Bakeriana, N. &. Brown, at t.7144 of this work,
the late Sir Joseph Hooker supplied a concise resumé of
the seven species of Hucharis then known, all of which are
natives of the Andes of Colombia. In addition to those
mentioned there, another species, £. galanthoides, Planch.
& Linden, had been described from Brazil, while more
recently yet another, 4. nareissiflora, Huber, has been
reported from the same region. Yet another, making
the tenth known species and the fifth to find a place in
this work, has been described since 1890. This species,

i. Lowii, was originally imported from Colombia, among
& consignment of £. Sanderi, Baker, by Messrs. Hugh
Low and Company; it has, however, a rather wider
Tange of distribution than its earlier known congeners
from that State, for the plant from which our illustration

as been prepared is one which flowered in November,
1913, in the establishment of Messrs. Sander and Sons,
St. Albans, who report that they received it from Peru.

In general facies Z Lowii much resembles E’ grandiflora,
Feprvuary, 1916,

.

Planch. & Linden, figured as EL. amazonica at t. 4971
of this work, but differs in having a thicker neck to the
bulb and in the united basal part of the filaments being
entirely adnate to the perianth-tube, leaving only the
emarginate lobes free. The free portion of the filament
springs from the sinus of the lobes and is marked on the
outer side by a vertical yellowish-green line. The leaf in
its general outline resembles that of /. Sanderi, Baker,
figured at t. 6676 of this work, along with which it was,
on its first appearance in cultivation, accidentally intro-
duced. In &. Sanderi, however, there are fewer lateral
nerves and these are connected by much stronger trans-
verse veinlets. The fact that its affinities are so distinctly
with /. grandiflora and E. Sanderi has led Mr. Baker, in
a note accompanying his original description of L. Lowi,
to suggest that it may be a hybrid between these two
species. It thrives well under the cultural treatment
they require. It may be noted here that another plant
has been figured under Mr. Baker’s name in the Journal
of Horticulture for 1894 at fig. 17, and that this figure
has been reproduced in the Bulletin of the Societa
Toscana d’Orticultura for the same year at t. 4. The
plant so figured has, however, leaves which are not

cordate but taper to the base, so that it is not the true
Ei. Lowii.

Description.—Jferb, perennial, bulb globose, neck
rather stout. Leaves ovate-cordate, shortly cuspidate,
quite glabrous, 9 in. long, 7 in. wide, lateral nerves
closely set, transverse connecting veinlets very fine ;
petiole 12 in. long. Peduncle 2 ft. high, 2-5-flowered ;
bracts membranous, wide-lanceolate, 13 in. long, 4 in.
wide; pedicels stout, over } in. long. Perianth white;
tube funnel-shaped, about 23 in. long, the lower cylindric
portion 4 in. wide, the throat 13 in. across ; lobes elliptic,
subacute, slightly concave, 2 in. long, 1i in. wide.
Staminal tube adnate to the perianth, its lobes emarginate,
marked outside by a vertical greenish-yellow line ; free
portion of filaments #in. long. Ovary oblong, green, # in.
wide ; style much longer than the stamens.

Figs. 1 and 2, anthers ; 8, stigma :—all enlarged.

8647

MS.del. JN Bitch lith.

Vincert Brookes Day Son Lifimp

L.Reeve &C?London.

Tas. 8647.
SOPHORA MacrocarPa.
Chile.

Lecuminosax. Tribe SorHorrar.

Sornora, Lian.; Benth. et Hook. Jf. Gen, Plant. vol. i. p. 555,

Sophora macrocarpa, Smith in Rees Cycl. vol. xxxiii. no. 6; Lodd. Bot.
Cab. t. 1125; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 96; Castillo et Dey, Jeog. Veg. Rio
Valdiv. vol. i. p. 67, fig. 86; ab affini S. tetraptera, Ait., foliolis majoribus,
leguminibus haud alatis facile distinguenda,

Arbor parva; ramuli crassi, breviter adpresse albo-pubescentes. Folia pinnata,
circiter 15 em. longa, petiolo 2 cm. longo basi conspicue incrassato cum
_ Yhachi subtus pauperius_breviter adpresse pubescente supra glabre-
“ Scente nisi in canaliculo lato haud alto ubi subsericeo suffulta ; stipulae
: angustae, 4 mm. longae; foliola utrinsecus 9, opposita vel subopposita,
oblongo-lanceolata vel fere oblonga, apice rotundata, emarginulata, basi
rotundata vel cuneato-rotundata, usque ad 3°5 cm. longa et 1-4 em. lata,
pagina superiore nitida, laete viridia, glabra, inferiore subglauca, pilis
_ paucis adpressis instructa, nervis lateralibus utrinsecus circiter 8 supra
parum immersis subtus conspicuis intra marginem anastomosantibus,
reticulatione laxa subtus conspicua, petiolulo 1°5-2 mm. longo suffulta.
Racemi axillares, 6-9 cm. longi, pedunculo communi quam petiolo
breviore incluso, rhachi pedicellisque plus minusve breviter adpresse pube-
scentibus; flores penduli, cuiusque racemi circiter 10, pedicellis 2°5 em.
longis suffulti; bracteae post flores expansos deciduae, obovatae, breviter
acuminatae, 8 mm. longae, 5:5 mm. latae, dorso dense adpresse brunneo-
canes: intra medio glabrae sed:et apicem et basin versus adpresse
runneo-pubescentes. Calyx circiter 1 cm. longus, vix 1:2 cm. latus, extra
pilis et brumneis brevibus adpressis et albis longioribus ornatus, dente
inferiore 2 mm. longo, superioribus brevissimis. Vezxilluwm 3 cm. longum,
2°2 cm. latum, in unguem brevem latum angustatum; alae 8 cm. longae,
0°6 cm. latae, ungui brevi suffultae: carinae petala apice libera, vix 3 em.
longa, 0-6 cm. lata. Filamenta usque ad 3°2 cm. longa, apice angustata,
‘glabra. = Ovarium 1°5 em. altum, cum stipite 6 mm. longo breviter
adpresse pubescens, stylo 1-7 em. longo superne glabro.—Kdwardsia
chilensis, Miers, Trav. vol. ii. p- 531, nomen tantum; Lindl. Bot. Reg.
vol. xxi. t. 1798.—W. G. Cram.

Two distinct species of Sophora from Chile, which are
in cultivation in Europe, exhibit a striking resemblance
as regards their flowers. One of the two, S. tetraptera,
Ait., which also occurs in New Zealand, was figured at
t. 167 of this work over one hundred and twenty years
ago. The other, S. macrocarpa, Sm., the subject of our
illustration, was first introduced by Mr. Loddiges in 1822
and was figured by him in the Botanical Cabinet at

Fepruary, 1916.

t. 1125. Some time afterwards Professor Lindley also
figured it at t. 1798 of the Botanical Register, using for
the plant the name Ldwardsia chilensis proposed by
Mr, Miers. As, however, the latter did not provide a
description of his species his specific name cannot now
be employed. A singular confusion between this plant
and the older S. tetraptera subsequently arose in collections,
though why this should have occurred is difficult to
explain, for the leaflets in S. macrocarpa are considerably
larger than those of S. tetraptera and in fruit the two
species differ markedly; S. tetraptera, as its name
indicates, has a strongly four-winged pod, whereas that
of S. macrocarpa is without any trace of wings. The
material for our figure of S. macrocarpa came from a tree
in the garden of Lady Ilchester at Abbotsbury near
Weymouth, where it blossoms in May. Unfortunately
the species is really hardy only in the mildest parts of
the kingdom, such as the southern and western maritime
districts. At Kew, in a sheltered spot, it may survive a
few mild winters, but it never thrives sufficiently well to
be worth cultivating out-of-doors, and has to be treated
as a plant for the winter garden or unheated conservatory.
It likes a sandy loam and should, if possible, be propa-
gated by seeds, though cuttings of moderately ripened
twigs will take root if placed in a mildly heated frame.

DESCRIPTION.— Tree of small stature; twigs stout,
shortly adpressed white-pubescent. Leaves pinnate,
about 6 in. long; petiole 2 in. long, thickened at the base,
shertly adpressed-pubescent on the lower side as
is the rachis, somewhat silky in the shallow but wide
channel on the upper side, otherwise glabrous ; stipules
narrow, ; in. long; leaflets 9-jugate, opposite or nearly
so, oblong-lanceolate or nearly oblong, rounded and
faintly emarginate at the tip, rounded or somewhat
cuneate at the base, up to 12 in. long, over $ in: wide,
bright green, glabrous and shining above, rather glaucous
and with a few adpressed hairs beneath ; Jateral nerves
about 8 on each side, slightly sunk above, distinctly
raised beneath, looping within the margin ; reticulation
lax and visible beneath ; petiolules short. Racemes
axillary, about 10-flowered, including the peduncle which

is rather shorter than the leaf-stalk 23-3} in. long ;
rachis and pedicels shortly adpressed-pubescent ; flowers
pendulous, pedicels 1 in. long ; bracts deciduous, obovate,
shortly acuminate, } in. long, under 1 in. wide, densely
adpressed brown-pubescent behind, glabrous in the middle
but adpressed brown-pubescent near the base and the
tip on the upper side. Calyx over 1 in. long, barely 3 in,
wide, with mixed short adpressed brown hairs and longer
white hairs outside. Standard 14 in. long, nearly 1 in.
wide, narrowed to a short broad claw ; wings 1} in. long,
4 in. wide, short-clawed; keel-petals free at the tip,
barely 1} in. long, 3 in. wide. Filaments 1} in. long,
narrowed upwards, glabrous. Ovary 2 in. long with a
stipe { in. long, shortly adpressed-pubescent throughout ;
style nearly } in. long, glabrous upwards.

Fig. 1, flower with the petals removed ; 2, longitudinal section of the same ;
3, base of standard ; 4, wing-petal; 5, keel :—all enlarged,

8648

MS. del. JN Hitch lith.

incent Brooks Day & Son Lt*imp- a

L Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8648.
LOBELIA Hotsttr.
Tropical East Africa.

CAMPANULACEAE. ‘Tribe LOBELIEAE.
Lopeuia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 551.

Lobelia Holstii, Engl. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xix. Beibl. 47, p.51; species
L. coronopifoliae, Linn., affinis sed foliis fere glabris et floribus minoribus
facile distinguenda.

Herba perennis, caulibus adscendentibus vel suberectis 2-8 dm. altis teretibus
glabris vel pilis adpressis instructis. Folia inferne sat numerosa, approxi-
mata, lanceolata, oblonga vel ovato-lanceolata, apice subacuta et leviter
apiculata, basi in petiolum brevem cuneatim angustata, usque ad 4 cm.
longa et 1:2 cm. lata, margine breviter et obtusiuscule serrata, serraturis
apice cartilagineis, costa et nervis lateralibus pagina superiore obscuris
inferiore prominulis, glabra vel ad costam (praecipue subtus) plus minusve
pubescentia. Injlorescentia a foliis longe remota, laxe racemosa; bracteae
lineares, acutae, 4 mm. longae, 0°5 mm. latae; pedicelli circiter 1 cm.
longi. Receptaculwm late turbinatum, 2 mm. diametro, pilis albis valde
adpressis obtectum. Sepala 5, lineari-lanceolata, acuminata, acumine
albo 1°25 mm. longo incluso 3°5 mm. longa, ciliolata. Corolla lilacina,
valde bilabiata, tubo cylindrico 9 mm. longo 2°5 mm, diametro postice
fisso, labio superiore 3-lobo, lobis obovato-spatulatis apice leviter apiculatis
8 mm. longis 4 mm. latis, inferiore 2-lobo recurvato lobis lanceolatis
acutis 8°5 mm. longis 0°75 mm. latis. Stamina 5, filamentis 6 mm.
longis rubro-lilacinis glabris, antheris 2 mm. longis vertice penicillatis,
Stylus glaber.—W. B. TurRILu.

The interesting Lobelia here figured, though evidently
not at all uncommon throughout British East Africa,
Uganda, and the northern districts of German East

ica, appears to be restricted to the more mountainous
tracts of this region. The strong perennial roots and
the aggregation of the leaves at the base of the ascending
or suberect stem impart to it the facies of an alpine or
subalpine species. The plant of L. Holstii from which
our plate has been prepared is one which was raised at
ew from seed sent by Mr. E. Battiscombe from British
East Africa early in 1914 and flowered in a frame in
September of the same year. Here unfortunately it has
failed to ripen its seeds and, having behaved as an
annual, has not so far been permanently introduced to |
cultivation. This species is a member of the section

Frprvary, 1916.

Holopogon, as defined in the Genera Plantarum, the
apices of all its anthers being equally, though in this
instance not very conspicuously penicillate. Its nearest
affinity is with the well-known L. coronopifolia, Linn., a
species widely distributed in South Africa, a figure of
which was given at t. 644 of this work. In this, as in
the majority of the members of the genus Lobelia, the
flowers are bent over on their pedicels, so that the
morphologically lower abaxial bilobed lip is brought
above, while the morphologically upper adaxial trilobed
lip is placed below. The pedicels stand almost erect in
the axils of the small bracts, the top of each being bent
backwards at a right angle. This causes not only the
inversion of the flower but its projection from the side of
the inflorescence opposite to that from which its pedicel
arises.

Description.—J/er), perennial; stems ascending or
nearly erect, 8-12 in. high, terete, glabrous or adpressed-
hirsute. Leaves numerous, aggregated below, lanceo-
late, oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, subacute and slightly
apiculate, cuneately narrowed below into a short petiole,
the largest 14 in. long and 4 in. wide, shortly and bluntly
serrate, the teeth with cartilaginous tips, midrib and
lateral nerves hardly visible above, slightly raised
beneath, glabrous on both sides or somewhat pubescent
on the midrib, particularly beneath. Jnjlorescence a con-
siderable distance above the foliage, laxly racemose ;
bracts linear, acute, } in. long; pedicels over } in. long.
fteceptacle broadly turbinate, +; in. wide, hirsute with
closely adpressed white hairs. Sepals 5, linear-lanceolate,
acuminate, + in. long including the white tip, ciliolate.
Corolla lilac, markedly 2-labiate; tube cylindric, about
x in. long, 5 in. wide, split on one side; larger lip
3-lobed, the lobes obovate-spathulate, slightly apiculate,
3 in. long, 4 in. wide, the smaller lip 2-lobed, lobes
lanceolate acute, + in. long, very narrow. Stamens 5,
filaments 4 in. long, reddish-lilac, glabrous; anthers
zz in. long, their apices penicillate. Style glabrous.

Fig. 1, a flower; 2, calyx and pistil; 3, anthers :—all enlarged.

S649

a

A
be
fs
©
%

¢

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lit ip.

%,

MS. del. JNBitch lth.

L.Reeve & C° London.

f

Tas. 8649.
RHODODENDRON uypogriavucum.

Western China.

Ericackag. Tribe RHopOREAR.

RuopopENpDRON, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599,

Rhododendron hypoglaucum, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi, p. 25
(1889) ; Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxix. p- 512 (1900) ; Bean in Flora
€ Sylva, vol. iii. p. 164 (1905); Hemsl. ¢ EH. H. Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910,
p. 111; Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. ser. nuov. vol. xvii. p. 683
(1910); Rehder & Wilson in Sargent, Plant. Wilson. pars i. p. 527 (19138) ;
affinis R. argyrophyllo, Franch., sed foliis pleramque latioribus filamentis
minus et breviter pubescentibus differt.

Frutex magnus vel arbor usque ad 6 m. alta; ramuli juniores intense virides,
primum minute nigro-puberuli, demum glabri. Folia sempervirentia,
oblongo-oblanceolata vel oblongo-elliptica, apice subtriangulari-acu-
minata, conspicue cartilagineo-mucronata, ad basin subacutum sensim
angustata, 7-11 em. longa, 2-4 cm. lata, rigide coriacea, supra viridia, infra
indumento plano farinoso conspicue albo-glauca; costa media supra
angusta, leviter impressa, infra prominens, basi circiter 2 mm. lata, ad
apicem sensim angustata ; nervi laterales plerumque inconspicui, utrinsecus
circiter 11, a costa sub angulo lato abeuntes, prope marginem flexuosi et
ramosi; petioli 1-5-2 cm. longi, sieco verruculosi. Inflorescentia terminalis,
4—7-flora; perulae oblongo-lanceolatae, membranaceae, ad 2 em. longae ;
bracteae filiformes, dense pubescentes, pedicellis dimidio breviores ; pedi-
celli 2°5-4 cm. longi, bréviter pubescentes, rubescentes. Calyx minimus,
lobatus, glanduloso-puberulus. Corolla 4-4°5 em. longa, 4°5-5 em,
diametro, extra roseo-alba, intus dorso carmineo-maculata ; tubus turbinato-
campanulatus, 2 cm. longus, extra glaber, intus glaber vel parce pubescens ;
lobi late ovati, apice rotundati, circiter 1°5 cm. longi et 2 cm. lati.
Stamina 10, leviter exserta; filamenta inferne brevissime pubescentia ;
antherae pallide rubrae, 3 mm. longae. Ovarium sulcatum, fere glabrum ;
stylus exsertus, glaber, in stigmate truncato sensim expansus. Fructus
curvatus, durus, 1*5-2°5 cm. longus, 5 mm. diametro, arcte verruculosus.
—R. gracilipes, Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. ix. p. 391 (1895).
R. chionophyllum, Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxix. p. 512 (1900).—
J. Hurcnison.

The fine Rhododendron here described is a member of
the section Eurhododendron which is exceedingly plentiful
in Western Hupeh, where it was first collected by
Mr. A. Henry in 1886 in the neighbourhood of Ichang.
During his Chinese journeys it was on several occasions
collected by Mr. E. H. Wilson, and in one. of his field-
notes it is recorded that this form may attain a height
of twenty feet. Though AR. hypoglaucum has been

FEBRuary, 1916,

independently recognised by Hemsley, Franchet and
Diels as a distinct species, there is no doubt that it is
exceedingly closely allied to R. argyrophyllum, Franch.,
whose home is in Western Szechuan, and Messrs. Rehder
and Wilson have indicated the possibility that these two
may be no more than geographical forms of one species.
They are not, however, as a rule difficult to distinguish,
for the leaves of &. argyrophyllum are usually more
attenuated, and the filaments of the stamens are more
densely hairy than is the case in R. hypoglaucum. The
densely adpressed mealy indumentum which can be
readily removed by scraping, to which the whiteness of
the undersurface of the leaves is due, both species share
with afew other allied members of the eglandular-leaved
group within this section. At Kew, where £&. hypoglaucum
has been in cultivation for a number of years, the con-
ditions do not appear altogether suitable, and it has not
yet flowered. In the milder south-western counties it is
more at home, and Mr. J. C. Williams, to whom we are
indebted for the material for our plate, from a plant
which flowered for the first time in May, 1915, in his
collection at Caerhays Castle, remarks that while even
under these more favourable conditions it can never find
a place in the front rank of Rhododendrons, it must
always be of interest as having a very distinct character
of its own, and may be expected, when it reaches the age
to flower freely, to acquire a certain standing among its
congeners. The Caerhays example is one raised from
seed obtained by Mr. Wilson during his journey of
1900-1, which was first planted by Mr. Williams late in
1906 or early in 1907. It was for several years given a
situation very open to the sun, which it did not like;
for the past three or four years it has been grown in
partial shade, where it has thriven much better, and now
forms a healthy bush of pleasing appearance, about four
feet high, and over five feet through. Mr. Williams has
far been unable, however, to find a seed pod on the
plant.

Description.—Shrub or small tree, sometimes 20 ft.
high ; young twigs bright green, at first puberulous with
fine black hairs, at length glabrous. Leaves evergreen,

oblong-lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, somewhat triangular-
acuminate, firmly mucronate, base subacute, 3-43 in.
long, 3-13 in. wide, firmly coriaceous, green above,
glaucous-white owing to their close farinose tomentum
beneath, midrib narrow and slightly impressed above,
beneath prominent and gradually narrowed upwards
from a rather broad base; lateral nerves about 11 on
each side, very indistinct, emitted at a wide angle,
flexuous and interarching near the margin, petiole 2—3
in. long, wrinkled when dry. Jnflorescence terminal,
4—7-flowered ; scales oblong-lanceolate, membranous, up
to 2 in. long; bracts filiform, densely pubescent, half as
long as the pedicels which are 1-1} in. long, shortly
pubescent and reddish. Calyx very small, lobed,
glandular-puberulous. Corolla 13-13 in. long, 13-2 in.
wide, white flushed with rose outside, pink-dotted behind
inside ; tube turbinate-campanulate, 3 in. long, glabrous
outside, glabrous or sparingly pubescent within; lobes —
wide-ovate, rounded, about 2 in. long and # in. wide.
Stamens 10, slightly exserted; filaments very finely
pubescent near the base; anthers pale red, } in. long.
Ovary grooved, almost glabrous; style exserted, quite
glabrous; stigma truncate. Capsule curved, hard, 3-1
in. long, } in. wide, closely verruculose.

Fig. 1, upper part of leaf; 2, pistil; 8 and 4, stamens; 5, transverse section
of ovary :—all enlarged.

Fourth Series.
No, 185.

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OTANIOAL MAGAZINI

' AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

EDITED BY

sini tee MAGAZINE,

CONTENTS OF No. 135, MARCH, 1916.

Tap. 8050.—ARISTOLOCHIA LAWRENCEAE,
”,, 8651.—ALPINIA ELWESIL
Ke ne '» 8652—CHAMAEDOREA NANA.
8653, —ANDROSACE COCCINEA.
fe Renve & tg ion 6; ‘Honrictia Street, et Garden, W.-C.

A ‘COMPLETE INDEX TO THE
_ BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
VOLS, I.—CXXx,

Ceasbeicing: the Ist, 2nd, and 8rd Series. To which 3 is prefixad’
eee nee of the sonia by W. beasties Hemsiey, ;

BOTANICAL PLAT TES

,» Varie ins and, ‘Hybrids a meee Daven,
F.L.8. Continued from Mr. Frymr’s notes by
H. Evans, F.Z.S., and ‘oGhintnded: y ARTHUR BENNETT, A.L.S. 94 pp.» Royal 4to |
123 in. x 10 in.), with 60 plates depicting each species (in many cases in their various
tages of ‘growth with anlarded drawings of flowers, fruit, and sections.

- With the plates hand-coloured __... insets: IB. Bac Heb
With uneoloured poe - : oF arti tae tee) SB ibs. net. <

FLOWERS OF
MOUNTAIN anv PLAIN

EDITH S. CLEMENTS, PH.D.

INSTRUCTOR IN BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
AND IN THE PIKE’S PEAK ALPINE LABORATORY

This book consists of the twenty-five color plates to be found in
“Rocky Mountain Flowers” (The H. W. Wilson Co., 1914). Each
plate is accompanied by appropriate description, and all together
represent one hundred and seventy-five of the most beautiful and
striking flowers of the mountains and plains of the Western United
States. The book will be an interesting one to all flower lovers and
to those who wish to familiarize themselves with the well-known wild
flowers of other lands.

This book is bound in cloth, the cover being a reproduction in
colors of one of the most attractive plates.

Price 6s. 6d. net

WILLIAM WESLEY & SON
BOOKSELLERS AND PUBLISHERS
28 ESSEX STREET, STRAND LONDON, W. C.

S650

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Tas. 8650.
ARISTOLOCHIA LawreEnceEae.

Argentine.

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE,

ArisTotocuta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 123.

Aristolochia Lawrenceae, N. H. Br.; species nova ab omnibus sectionis
Unilabiatarum floribus magnis limbo oblique oblongo vel elongato-ovato-
oblongo distinctissima.

Suffrutex volubilis; caulis glaber. Folia petiolata, stipulata, glabra; lamina
8-11 cm. longa, 9-12 cm. lata, late et profunde cordata, apice subacuta
vel obtuse rotundata, lobis basalibus late rotundatis, supra viridis, subtus
glauco-virens ; petiolus 5-6 cm. longus; stipulae 1-2 em. longae, 1°5-2 cm.
latae, sessiles, orbiculatae, basi cordatae, glabrae. Flores solitarii;
pendunculi axillares, ovariis inclusis 12-14 cm. longi, ebracteati, glabri.
Perianthium magnum, unilabiatum, luteo-album, pulchre brunneo-
purpureo-venosum, glabrum ; tubus supra basin inflatam subito refractus,
parte inflata 5 cm. longa, 3 cm. diametro, intus prope apicem pubescente,
parte superiore aequilonga subinfundibuliformi ; limbus sessilis, 10-12 em.
longus, basi 7-8 cm. latus, erectus, oblique oblongus vel elongato-ovato-
oblongus, apice obtusissime rotundatus. Columna subsessilis, leviter
obconica, apice 6-loba; lobi 3 mm. longi, lanceolati, erecti, apice incurvi,
obtusi. Antherae 6, lineares, apice basin loborum columnae attingentes.
Capsula 10-11 cm. longa, 3°5-4 em. diametro, oblonga, costato-hexagona,
basi dehiscens. Semina 1-5 em. longa, 1°83 em. lata, plana, cuneato-
obovata, subpapyracea, supra levia, subtus area centrali minute verruculosa.
—N. E. Brown.

The striking Aristolochia which is the subject of our
illustration was introduced to cultivation by the late
Sir Trevor Lawrence by means of seed obtained from
the Argentine, and was raised in his collection at Burford,

Dorking, in 1912. The seed was sown in October of that

year, and the material for our plate was supplied by
Lady Lawrence, to whom the species is dedicated, from

one of the original plants which flowered at Burford for

the first time in June, 1914. Along with the flowering
specimen was communicated part of the seed-pod with
seed of the species, representations of which also appear
in our figure. The character of the flower shows that
A. Lawrenceae is a member of the group Unilabiatae, but
within that group it stands apart ; no other species has a
limb bearing any close resemblance to the very oblique,
oblong, untailed one of this plant. In habit this is a
Marcu, 1916. .

strong-growing climber comparable, from the cultural
standpoint, with A. cymbifera, Mart. & Zucc., and
A, brasiliensis, Mart. & Zucc., two Brazilian species; like
’ these, it may be expected to thrive well and flower freely
in a moist tropical house.

DEscRIPTION.—Shrub; stem twining, glabrous. Leaves
petioled, stipulate, glabrous; lamina 3-44 in. long,
34-5 in. broad, wide- and deep-cordate, somewhat acute,
bluntly rounded at the tip, basal lobes wide-rounded,
green above, glaucous-green beneath ; petiole 2-21 in.
long; stipules 3-# in. long, 2-2 in. wide, sessile, orbicular,
cordate at the base, glabrous. //owers solitary ; peduncles
axillary, including the ovary 43-53 in. long, ebracteate,
glabrous. Perianth large, 1-lipped, showy, yellowish-
white with brown-purple veins, glabrous; tube abruptly
recurved above the swollen base, the swollen portion 2 in.
long, 1} in. wide, pubescent within near the top, upper
portion about as long as the lower, somewhat funnel-
shaped ; limb sessile, 4-4} in. long, nearly 3 in. wide at
the base, erect, obliquely oblong or long-ovate-oblong,
bluntly rounded at the tip. Column almost. sessile,
slightly obconic, 6-lobed at the tip; lobes } in. long,
lanceolate, erect, incurved at the tip, obtuse. Anthers 6,
linear, their apices reaching the bases of the lobes of the
column. Capsule 4 in. long or rather longer, 14-13 in.
wide, oblong, 6-angled, the angles prominent, dehiscing
from below upwards. Seeds about 3 in. long, 3 in. wide,
flat, cuneate-obovate, almost papery, smooth on the
upper face, finely verruculose on the central area below.

Fig. 1, inflated portion of perianth-tube, cut open to show the column and
the hirsute areas within ; 2, column; 8, ripe capsule; 4, seed :—aill enlarged
except 3, which is of natural size.

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Tas. 8651.
ALPINIA Etwestt.

Formosa.

ScrraMIngeaAk. Tribe ZINGIBEREAER.
AupiniA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 648.

Alpinia Elwesii, Turrill; species nova A. calcaratae, Roscoe, affinis sed
foliis subtus dense puberulis, ligula breviore dorso puberula, inflorescentia
racemosa fere spicata, petalis distinctis ciliatis praecipue differt.

Herba perennis, usque ad 1°5 m. alta. Folia alte vaginata, vaginis extra
superne puberulis longitudinaliter striatis, lineari-lanceolata, apice
attenuato-acuminata, caudata, basi angustata, circiter 4°5 dm. longa et
5°5 cm. lata, pagina superiore glabra, inferiore dense puberula ; ligula
bifida, 4 mm. longa, dorso puberula. Injlorescentiae racemosae, 12 cm.
longae, rhachide tomentosa, pedicellis circiter 1 mm. longis tomentosis ;
bracteae florales obovatae, apice rotundatae, 1°2 cm. longae, 7 mm. latae,
dorso pubescentes, ciliatae. Calyx 1 cm. longus, saepissime breviter
bilobus, unilateraliter fissus, extra dense pubescens, ciliatus, intus glaber.
Corolla alba, tubo 1 cm. longo 4 mm. diametro glabro, lobis lateralibus
elliptico-lanceolatis subacutis 1°8 cm. longis 7 mm. latis marginibus
ciliatis exceptis glabris, lobo postico elliptico-obovato 1-8 cm. longo 1°3 cm.
lato margine ciliato. Labellum ovatum, 2°2 cm. longum, 1°6-1°7 cm.
latum, apice emarginatum, albo-carmineum. Stamen 1°7 cm. longum,
filamento 7 mm. longo, 2 mm. lato. Staminodia lateralia 2, brevissima,
basi labello adnata. Nectarit glandula cylindrico-ventricosa, 2°5 mm.
longa, dorso longitudinaliter fissa. Stylus 3 cm. longus, superne leviter
pubescens. Ovariwm ovoideo-orbiculare, 3 mm. altum, 2°5 mm. diametro,
dense tomentosum.—W. B. TurRILL.

The handsome Alpinia here figured is a native of
Formosa, where it was obtained by Mr. H. J. Elwes, in
whose honour in has been named. The material for our
illustration has been derived from a plant which flowered
in his collection at Colesborne, Cheltenham, in April, 1915.
This plant agrees in all respects with one presented to
Kew by Mr. Elwes in 1912, with a note describing it as a
very handsome form found growing in shady forest in
Honsha, Formosa, at an elevation of 1,200 feet, where
the temperature in winter does not fall below 50° F.
The Kew plant has grown well in a border in the Mexican
house, and has formed stems four feet high with leaves
eighteen inches long, but has not yet flowered. A very
distinctive character of A. Elwesii is the densely pube-

Mancu, 1916,

rulous nature of the entire lower surface of the leaves.
The hairs are not, as in some species of the genus,
restricted to the midrib or margins or both, but are
equally distributed over the whole under side and impart
a distinctive appearance readily recognisable by touch
as well as by inspection. The inflorescence is of the
racemose type, though the pedicels are so short that it
appears at first sight to be spicate. It seems probable,
indeed, that the pedicels are in reality lateral branches
reduced to a 1-flowered condition, and that the inflores-.
cence is a reduced panicle. The subdivision of the
genus into subgenera and sections proposed by the late
Professor Schumann is based on the separation or con-
erescence of the flowering and the leafy stems, the form
and relative importance of the primary and the floral
bracts, and the size of the flower. In A. Elwesii the
flowers and leaves are borne on the same shoot, the
primary bracts are unimportant and the flowers are
moderately large. Its nearest ally is A. calcarata, Roscoe,
and it therefore is best placed in the Flos Paradisi section
of the subgenus Catimbiwm. In A. calcarata stages of
reduction from a manifestly paniculate to a racemose or
nearly spicate type of inflorescence are frequent, and it
is therefore to be anticipated that, though so far none
have been seen in A. Elwesii, instances of the converse
condition, where the reduced lateral branches bear more
than one flower each, may yet be met with.

DrEscription.—LHerb, perennial, up to 5 ft. high.
Leaves markedly sheathed; sheath puberulous outside,
longitudinally striate ; blade linear-lanceolate, caudate-
acuminate, narrowed to the base, about 18 in. long, over
2 in. wide, glabrous above, densely puberulous beneath ;
ligule 2-fid, } in. long, puberulous outside. Inflorescence
racemose, from 4—5 in. long ; rachis tomentose ; pedicels
very short, tomentose; floral bracts obovate, rounded,
3 in. long, 4—s in. wide, pubescent outside, ciliate. Caly«
over + in. long, usually shortly 2-lobed, split on one
side, densely pubescent outside, ciliate, glabrous within.
Corolla white, tube over } in. long, } in. wide, glabrous ;
lateral lobes elliptic-lanceolate, somewhat acute, 2 in.

long, over } in. wide, glabrous except for the ciliate

Ad

ae

margin, posterior lobe elliptic-obovate, 3 in. long, } in.
wide, margin ciliate. Zip ovate, under 1 in. long, about
3 In. wide, emarginate, white finely blotched with carmine.
Stamen 2 in. long, filament under 3 in.: long, 75 in.
wide; lateral staminodes 2, very short, adnate to the
base of the lip. Nectarial gland cylindric-ventricose,
ro in. long, split longitudinally behind. Style over 1 in.
long, slightly pubescent upward. Ovary ovoid-orbicular,
x in. long, +'; in. wide, densely tomentose.

Fig. 1, portion of a leaf; 2, flower showing petal, stamen, lateral staminodes
and base of labellum; 8, young flower showing lateral petals, stamen from
behind, lateral staminodes, portion of labellum and projecting style; 4, upper
portion of style and stigma; 5, ovary, nectarial glands and base of style :—
all enlarged.

M.S del. J.N Ritch lith

L-Reeve &C? London

Tas. 8652.
CHAMAEDOREA nana.

Costa Rica.

PaLMACEAE. Tribe ARECEAE. .
CHAMAEDOREA, Willd.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 910.

Chamaedorea nana, N. EH. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1914, p. 156; species
C. tenellae, Wendl., affinis sed foliis majoribus confertioribus subglaucis,
spathis superioribus pedunculo vix aequalibus, spadicibus masculis ramosis,
floribus viridibus et petalis liberis differt.

Frutex 30-60 cm. altus, omnino glaber. Caulis simplex, 1-8-1°4 cm. erassus,
annulis 0°5-1 cm. distantibus notatus. Folia simplicia; petiolus 7°5-9
em. longus, fere vel usque ad apicem vaginatus, apice 4-5 mm. crassus;
lamina subobovato-elliptica, basi cuneata, ad medium bifida lobis acutis,
leviter glaucescens, costa rigida utrinsecus circiter 1l-nerve, marginibus
exterioribus serrato-dentatis. Pedunculi axillares, solitarii, 15-20 em.
longi, 2-5-4 mm. crassi, spathis vel vaginis 5 tubulosis acutis vestiti. Spatha
suprema pedunculum haud excedens vel eo brevior. Spadiz masculus
ramosus, ramis 4-7 recurvato-pendulis simplicibus usque ad 15 cm. longis ;
femineus simplex, recurvatus, viridis. Flores sublaxe spicati; masculi
oblongi, 4 mm. longi, virides, basi lutei, calyce cupuliformi subtrilobo
1 mm. longo, petalis liberis oblongis apice incurvatis acutis, staminibus
petalis duplo brevioribus ovario rudimentario subaequalibus; feminei
subglobosi, 2°5 mm. diametro, virides, petalis ellipticis vel suborbiculatis
obtusis concavis, ovario globoso, stylo 0°5 mm. longo, stigmate integro.—
N. E. Brown.

The pleasing small Palm which forms the subject of
our figure is a native of Costa Rica whence it was
imported by Messrs. F. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, to
whom its introduction to cultivation is due. When first
distributed by them it was offered under the name
Chamaedorea pumila. But while it belongs to this genus,
our plant is very distinct from the true C. pumila,
Wendl., in its leaves, those of C. pumila being twice as
long and at the same time much narrower and with
more acute lobes than in C. nana now described ; the
peduncle of the female spadix of C. pumila is also much
longer than that of our plant. Its nearest ally is another
small species, C. tenella, Wendl., a native of Mexico,
from which C. nana differs in its larger, more clustered
leaves which are paler beneath, its shorter upper spathes,
its branching male spadices, and its green flowers with

free petals. The material for our illustration has been
Marcu, 1916.

mainly derived from a plant obtained for Kew from
Messrs. Sander in 1913, which flowered in a tropical
house later in the same year; the inflorescence from
which our figures of the female flower and pistil have
been made was borne by a plant in their nursery at
St. Albans. The species thrives well under stove-treat-
ment in a loamy soil and a moist atmosphere. The
Palm family is one with which the idea of a stem of
considerable height is associated, and only some half-
dozen species are known in which the stem is less than a
yard in height. Among these short-stemmed species,
C. nana is one of the smallest, and an adult example in
full flower is not too large to be suitable for use as a
table decoration.

Description.—Shrub, 1-2 ft. high, quite glabrous;
stem unbranched, about 3 in. thick, marked with distant
annular leaf-scars. Leaves simple; lamina somewhat
obovate-elliptic, 2-fid to the middle with acute lobes,
cuneate at the base, somewhat glaucescent especially
beneath, midrib stout, lateral nerves about 11 to each
lobe, distal margin serrate-dentate; petiole 3-3} in.
long, sheathing almost or quite to the apex and there
@-3 in. thick. Peduncles axillary, solitary, 6-8 in. long,
to-¢ in. thick, clothed with 5 tubular acute sheaths or
spathes, the uppermost shorter or not longer than the
peduncle. Spadir: male 4~7-branched, the branches
recurved-pendulous, simple, up to 6 in. in length ; female
simple, recurved, green. lowers rather loosely spicate ;
male oblong, 1 in. long, green with a yellow base; female
subglobose, yy in. across, green. Calyz cupular, some-
what 3-lobed, very short. Petals: male free, oblong,
incurved and acute at the tip; female elliptic or sub-
orbicular, obtuse, concave. Stamens half as long as the
male petals, about as long as the rudimentary ovary.
Ovary globose ; style minute ; stigma entire.

er eee re
Fig. 1, a male flower; 2, the Same, one petal removed ; 3, a female flower;

ba hiv ge 5, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged except 5, which is much

8653

dim.
Vincent Brooks,Day &SonLt? ump

M.8.del. JN Ritch lith.

L.Reeve &C° London.

“Tas. 8653.
ANDROSACE coccinea.

South-western China.

Primvunaceak, Tribe PRIMULEAE.
Anprosack, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 632.

Androsace coccinea, Franch. ex Pax ¢ Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.—Primulac.
vol. iv. pars 237 (1905), p. 185-sub A. Aizoon var. ; Irving in Gard, Chron,
1915, vol. lviii. p. 44; species ab A. Aizoon, Duby, altitudine minore
inflorescentia tantum pilosa nec glandulosa foliis pilis longioribus densiori-
busque ciliatis scapis distincte pilosis differt,

Herba biennis, gracilis, radice crassa lignosa verticali multicipite. Folia
numerosa, dense rosulata, spathulata, apice obtusa, brevissime mucronu-
lata, basi valde attenuata, 2°5-3°5 cm. longa, 4-7 mm. lata, marginibus
anguste translucentia vel leviter cartilaginea, valde ciliata, glauca, coriacea,
glabra vel supra pilis paucis instructa, sessilia. Scapi 1-6, erecti vel
leviter adscendentes, 5-12 cm. alti, teretes, pilosi, singuli umbellam 5-20-
floram gerentes; bracteae lanceolatae, acutae, 4-9 mm. longae, pubescentes
vel breviter pilosae; pedicelli plus minusve inaequales, 0-8-2-2 cm. longi,
teretes, pilosi. Calyx turbinatus vel paullo campanulatus, fere ad medium
fissus, pilosus ; lobi ovato-lanceolati, obtusi vel subacuti, latiuscule scariose
albo-marginati. Corolla hypocrateriformis tubo calycem aequante fauce
plus minusve prominenter annulato; lobi obovati, obtusi, 4-5 mm. longi,
3-4 mm. lati, patentes, integri vel minutissime crenati, glabri, rubri vel
intense coccinei. Antherae oblongae, fere sessiles. Ovariwm obovoideum,
basi annulo squamarum indurato circumdatum; stylus brevis, 1 mm.
longus; stigma leviter capitatum vel truncatum. Capsulae valvae
plerumque 5; semina oblonga, subplana.—A. coccinea, Franch. in Bull.
Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. xxxiii. (1886) p. 63 (nomen nudum). A. Aizoon, Duby,
var. coccinea, Franch. in Morot, Journ. de Bot. vol ix. (1895) p. 456.
A. Bulleyana, Forrest in Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edin. vol. iv. (1908) p. 233,
t. xliii A; Gard. Chron. l.c. p. 44, fig. 18. Primula Atzoon, var. coccinea,
Derganc in Kneucker, Allg. Bot. Zeitschr. vol. x. (1904) p. 110.—
M. B. Scorr.

The interesting Androsace which forms the subject of
our plate is a native of Yunnan where it was_ first
discovered by the late Abbé Delavay prior to 1885, and
whence it was first introduced into European horticulture,
when its flowering was recorded in the Jardin des Plantes
in 1891. It was met again in eastern Tibet by the Abbé
Soulié in 1895, and was rediscovered by Mr. G. Forrest
in north-western Yunnan in September, 1906, at an
altitude of 10,000 feet, on dry rocky hillsides in the
descent from the Chung-tien plateau to the Yang-tse
valley near Tang Tui. The name A. coccinea, by which
Marca, 1916.

this plant was known when first introduced to cultiva-
tion, was given to it by the late Mr. Franchet as long
ago as 1886, but although the name was duly recorded
in that year, no description of the plant was then pub-
lished. After the receipt of Soulié’s Tibetan specimens,
Franchet in 1895 reconsidered his earlier view and, when
describing the plant, referred it, as a variety, to A. Aizoon,
Duby, a nearly allied but much larger species which is
characteristic of similar localities in western Tibet and
northern Kashmir. While, however, Franchet then used
for the presumed variety his original specific name, he
did not formally indicate the identity of the plant
described with the species already in cultivation as
A. coccinea. That the two are the same thing was first
authenticated in the ‘Pflanzenreich’ in 1905. To Mr.
Forrest we are indebted not only for the re-introduction
of this beautiful plant, but for pointing out that it fully
deserves to be considered a species apart from S. Aizoon,
though the suggestion that it is distinct also from the
plant which Franchet referred to that species as var.
coccmea is now known to have been unnecessary. In
the ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle’ in 1915 caution was enjoined
on this point, and a careful examination of adequate
suites of specimens has shown that the minute differences
relied upon as distinguishing Forrest’s plant from the
original A. coccinea collected by Delavay are not constant.
The material for our figure has been obtained from one
of Forrest’s plants grown at Kew, where A. coccinea has
proved somewhat difficult to manage during the winter
which intervenes between the season in which it forms
only a rosette of leaves and that in which it produces
its scapes. It is barely hardy, for while plants in boxes
In a frame whence frost is excluded thrive well, others in
pots in an ordinary cold frame suffer many casualties.
The most suitable soil has been found to be a well-
drained loam.

Drscription.—Herb, biennial, slender with a stout
woody, several-crowned, vertical root. Leaves numerous

in a close rosette, sessile, spathulate, obtuse but finely _ :

mucronulate, much narrowed to the base, 1-1} in. long,
s-¢ in. wide, with narrow translucent or slightly —

cartilaginous, strongly ciliate margins, glaucous, coria-
ceous, glabrous or with a few hairs on the upper surface.
Seapes 1-6, erect or slightly ascending, 2-43 in. long,
terete, pilose, each supportny a 5—20-flowered umbel ;
bracts lanceolate, acute, }—} in. long, pubescent or shortly
pilose ; pedicels rather unequal, 1—} in. long, terete,
pilose. Calyx turbinate or somewhat campanulate, pilose,
divided nearly to the middle into 5 ovate-lanceolate
obtuse or subacute lobes with wide scarious white
margins. Corolla salver-shaped; tube as long as the
calyx; throat more or less prominently annulate ; lobes
obovate, obtuse, }—1 in. long, }—} in. wide, spreading,
entire or very finely crenate, glabrous, vermilion or
cinnabar-red. Anthers oblong, almost sessile. Ovary
obovoid, surrounded at the base by a hard ring of scales ;
style short ; stigma shortly capitate or truncate.

Fig. 1, leaf; 2, hairs from the same; 3, calyx; 4, corolla, laid open; 5 and 6,
stamens; 7; pistil :—all enlarged.

Fics Bote.
ANS. 136.

" . in hae Monthly, price 3s. 6d. coloured, 2s. 6d.
VOL. XTI.—APRIL, 1916, é : danuai Subscription, 425,

oR No. 1550 ‘OF — ENTIRE Mat ae
gle MPO RET BS. ss an

NICAL MAG 7

conransxc HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH ‘DESCRIPTIONS,
5 eee s bane : _ OF NEW-AND RARE

_ PLANTS: FROM THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN 8,

STRUCTURAL AND misrosicar,

SIR. DAVID PRAIN, OMG, CLE, “Lis, ERS.,

wine Ropal Botanic Garvens, Kew,

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
CONTENTS OF No. 136, APRIL, 1916,

Tax. 8654._SOPHROLAELIA PSYCHE.
8655.—CLEMATIS PAVOLINIANA.
8656._EUONYMUS BUNGEANUS.
8657._LUPINUS CHAMISSONIS
as , 8658.—ALNUS CORDATA.

Sa. i Renvs & Rok bie, 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

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Lists of over 3000, Post oat Gisti deen

ri bade |
pee: from “Mr. Paven' no
Bi AL Z

MSdel. JN Fitch lith Vincent Brooke Day & San Letimp.
LReeve &C° London,

Tas. 8654.
SOPHROLAELIA Psycur.
Garden hybrid.

OrcHIDACEAE. Tribe EprIpENDREAER.
SopuRotaewia, Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1894, p. 333.

Sophrolaelia Psyche, Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1902, p. 55; Cogn. et Gooss. Dict.
Ic. Orch., Sophrolaelia, t. 1; Rolfe ¢& Hurst, Orch. Stud-Book, p. 236;
hybrida inter Laeliam cinnabarinam, Lindl. et Sophronitin grandifloram,
Lindl., artefacta.

Herba epiphytica; pseudobulbi aggregati, fusiformi-oblongi, 3-6 cm. longi,
vaginis membranaceis obtecti, monophylli. Folia oblonga, subobtusa,
suberecta vel recurva, coriacea, 7-12 cm. longa, 2-2°5 cm. lata. Scapi
terminales, suberecti, 2-3-flori; bracteae subulato-oblongae, acutae, 4-6
mm. longae; pedicelli 3°5-4 cm. longi. Flores speciosi, aurantiaci.
Sepala et petala subrecurva, elliptico-oblonga, subacuta, 2-2°5 cm. longa.
Labellum trilobum, 2-2°5 cm. longum; lobi laterales oblongi, circa
columnam involuti; lobus intermedius recurvus, lanceolatus, subacutus,
crispo-undulatus. Colwmna clavata, circiter 1 cm. longa. Pollinia 8, in
quoque loculo 4, cerea, compressa, paris inferioris adscendentia, cum eis
paris superioris descendentibus in quoque loculo appendicula granulosa
lineari connexa.—R. A. Roure.

The Orchidiwhich forms the subject of our plate is a
garden plant of hybrid origin which, nevertheless, is of
sufficient scientific interest to justify a deviation from
our general practice of excluding from the Botanical
Magazine illustrations of artificially raised forms. This
interest does not reside in the fact that the Sophrolaelia
here figured is the result of a combination between
species that are referred to two genera usually accepted
as distinct. Asa matter of fact it is but one of fourteen
hybrids of garden origin which are claimed to have been
made between species of Laelia and species of Sophronitis.
Nor is the phenomenon restricted to these two genera ;
over thirty are recorded as having been produced by
crossing species of Sophronitis with species of Cattleya,
and some fifty are enumerated into whose composition
all three genera mentioned are said to enter. It is clear
that the relationship between these three genera is so
close that in their case intercrossing is easy, while the
considerations which guide us in the delimitation of
genera remain of necessity matters of opinion and con-

Apri, 1916,

venience. The interest in this case lies in the fact that
without a knowledge of the history of the origin of
the plant now described it could hardly fail to be
taken for a species of Laelia, so predominant in it are
the characters which mark that genus. Though perhaps
the most interesting botanically of the forms of Sophro-
laelia hitherto produced it is, partly on this account, less
striking from a cultural standpoint than several of the
others. The parents of S. Psyche, which was raised by |
Messrs. Charlesworth and Company at Heaton, near

Bradford, and flowered for the first time in their estab-
lishment in January, 1902, were Laelia cinnabarina, Lindl.,
figured at t. 4302 of this work, which was the seed-
bearer, and Sophronitis grandiflora, Lindl., figured in our
t. 3709. A comparison of our figure with that of the
seed parent shows that this hybrid in habit closely
resembles a dwarfed condition of that Laelia, the influence
of the Sophronitis being only apparent in the somewhat
modified structure and colour of the flowers. The
characters of Laelia cinnabarina, however, seem dominant
in most of its hybrids. The plant figured was presented
to the national collection at Kew in 1912 by Messrs.
Charlesworth and Company, and has thriven well in a
tropical house under the conditions suitable for species of
Cattleya. It flowered at Kew in February, 1915.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic ; pseudobulbs clustered,
oblong-fusiform, 1}-23 in. long, 1-foliate, clothed with
membranous sheaths. Leaves oblong, rather blunt, sub-
erect or recurved, coriaceous, 3-5 in. long, 3-1 in. wide.
Scapes terminal, suberect, 2-3-flowered ; bracts subulate-—
oblong, acute, ;-4 in. long; pedicels about 14 in. long.
Flowers showy, orange-yellow. Sepals and petals somewhat
recurved, elliptic-oblong, subacute, 8] in. long. Lip
3-lobed, 3-1 in. long; lateral lobes oblong, folded round
the column ; mid-lobe recurved, lanceolate, subacute,
crispate. Column clavate, about 2 in. long. Peollinia 8,
waxy, compressed ; two pairs in each loculus, those of
the upper pair ascending, of the lower pair pendulous,
both pairs united by means of a granular linear process.

Fig. 1, lip; 2, column; 3, anther-case ; 4, pollinia :—all enlarged.

8655

Vincent Brooks ,Day &5on Limp.

JN Fitch lith

7

9 3
0. OSL. «

M.

L Reeve &C? London.

Tas. 8655.
CLEMATIS PAavoriniana.

China.
RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe CLEMATIDEAE.

Criematis, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 3.

Clematis Pavoliniana, Pampanini in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1910, n.s.
vol. xvii. p. 270; Rehder et E. H. Wilson. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. vol. i. p. 328 ;
affinis C. Meyenianae, Walp., a qua inflorescentia triflora vel racemosa
pauciflora, sepalis quam staminibus conspicue longioribus recedit.

Frutex scandens, praeter flores glaber. Cawles costati. Folia trifoliolata,
satis longe petiolata ; foliola petiolulata, ovata, apice acuta vel acuminata,
basi cordata ad rotundata, 5-10 cm. longa, 3-5 cm. lata, integerrima,
tenuiter coriacea, glabra, trinervia; petiolus in basin valde ampliatus,
applanatus. Inflorescentiae axillares, basi eperulatae, in planta nostra
triflorae; bracteae lanceolatae, acutae, 3-4 mm. longae; pedicelli 2-4
em. longi, laterales basi vel inferne bracteolati. Sepala 4, patentia,
lanceolata, extra viridia margine albo-pubescente, intus alba, 1°5-2 em.
longa, 4-5 mm. lata. Stamina numerosa; filamenta glabra, exteriora
quam antherae longiora, interiora quam antherae breviora; antherae
oblongo-lineares, lateraliter dehiscentes connectivo in cuspidem producto.
Pistilla pluria, circiter 8 mm. longa; ovarium pilosum, stylus in sicco
fulvo-plumosus.—T. A. SpraGuk.

The Clematis which forms the subject of our illustration
occurs throughout a very extensive area in Central China,
and is met with in all the provinces from Szechuan to
Chekiang and Fokien. It may be regarded as the
representative in this region of C. Meyeniana, Walp.,
figured at t. 7897 of this work, which, it would appear,
is probably confined to southern China. From that
species C. Pavoliniana is readily distinguished by its
3-flowered or racemosely 5—7-flowered inflorescence and
by its considerably larger sepals. From C. uncinata,
Champ., a form of which species was recently figured at
t. 8633 of this work, the pilose ovary at once separates
_ the present plant. The example from which the material
for our plate of C. Pavoliniana has been derived was
raised at Kew from seed collected by Mr. E. H. Wilson
in the neighbourhood of Ichang, in western Hupeh, where
the species is said to be abundant in glens and ravines.
This seed was received at Kew from the Arnold Arboretum
' Aprin, 1916,

in March, 1908, and one of the plants raised flowered for
the first time in June, 1913. We are as yet unable to
supply definite information as to its ability to withstand
our climate. It has hitherto been grown on a south wall
where it has kept quite healthy, but it is doubtful if it
would thrive without shelter of this kind. In its
behaviour under cultivation it closely resembles its
southern ally C. Meyeniana and, having regard to the
elevations at which it naturally occurs, it probably
possesses the same power of withstanding cold. It needs
a good loamy soil, and may be expected to thrive well
on calcareous formations. Its chief value in gardens
will be in making an addition to the rather scanty
number of cultivated climbers which are evergreen.

DescriPTion.—Shrub, all parts save the flowers gla-
brous; stems climbing, costate. Leaves 3-foliolate, rather
long-petioled ; leaflets petiolulate, ovate, acute or acu-
minate, base cordate to rounded, 2-4 in. long, 14—2 in.
wide, quite entire, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, 3-nerved ;
petiole considerably widened at the base, flattened.
Inflorescence axillary, without bud-scales, in cultivated
examples 3-flowered ; bracts lanceolate, acute, 4—} in.
long; pedicels ?—1} in. long, the lateral bracteolate near
the base. Sepals 4, spreading, lanceolate, green extern-
ally with a white pubescent margin, white within, 3—; in.
long, }—} in. wide. Stamens many ; filaments glabrous,
the outer longer, the inner shorter than the anthers;
anthers oblong-linear, laterally dehiscent; connective
cuspidately produced. Pistils several, about 4 in. long;

ay pilose; style, when dry, plumose with tawny
airs.

Figs. 1 and 2, stamens; 3, pistil:—all enlarged.

8656

MS.del.JN.Btch lith

Vincent Brooks, Day&Son Lit imp: :

L Reeve &C9 London

TAB. 8656.
EUONYMUS BunaEanvus.
Manchuria and N. China.

CELASTRACEAE, Tribe CELASTREAE.

Evonymus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 360.

Euonymus Bungeanus, Maxim. Primit. Fl. Amur. p. 470; Mél. Biol. vol. xi.
p. 188; Loes. in Engl. Jahrb. vol. xxx. p. 461; Schneider, Laubholzk,
vol ii. p. 177; Rehder in Sargent, Trees & Shrubs, t. 69; foliis longe
petiolatis caudato-acuminatis distinctus.

Frutex vel arbuscula, circiter 4 m. alta. Ramuli graciles. Gemmae hibernae
oblongo-ovoideae, perulis ciliatis. Folia decidua, Jonge petiolata, elliptica,
apice caudato-acuminata, basi cuneata, 5-7°5 em. longa, 2-3 em. lata;
petioli 1-7-2°5 cm. longi. Cymae in axillis bractearum caducarum ex
parte inferiore ramulorum ortae, semel ad ter furcatae. Flores tetrameri.
Sepala suborbicularia, circiter 1:5 mm. diametro, patentia, demum
defiexa. Petala patentia, tandem leviter deflexa marginibus plus minusve
reflexis, albido-viridula, ima basi rubella, late ovata, 3°5 mm. longa, ultra
2°5 mm. lata. Discus 4-lobus, intense viridis. Stamina in disci lobis
insidentia; filamenta crassa, vix 0°5 mm. longa; antherae reniformes,
kermesinae, circiter 0-5 mm. longae. Ovarium pyramidale, tetragonum,
4-loculare, 1 mm. altum; stylus 0°75-1 mm. longus stigmatibus 4
minimis inclusis. Ovula pro loculo bina, adscendentia. Capsula 4-loba,
roseo-alba. Semina sordide rosea; arillus coccineus, e raphi ortus,
partem seminis majorem includens, apertura abraphiali.— EH. micranthus,
Bunge, Enum. Pl. Chin. Bor. p. 14, non D. Don.—T. A. Spracue.

The shrub here described is a member of a group of
eastern Asiatic species nearly allied to the familiar
Spindle Tree, Exonymus europaeus, Linn., but all of them
easily distinguishable by their purple anthers. The
species figured, /. Bungeanus, which is at once recognis-
able by its long-stalked leaves, appears to be confined to
Manchuria and northern China. There are records of
its presence further south, but the plants referred to
are found on examination to belong to other species.
In the species here dealt with the scarlet aril arises
from the raphe and envelops the greater part of the
seed, leaving an irregularly rounded aperture on the
side opposite to the raphe. In a recent account of
F. Bungeanus (Mitteil. Deutsch. Gesellsch. 1910, p. 107)
Dr. Koehne has described an aril of a different type,
with an apical opening. As, however, he informs us

APRIL, 1916,

that the petiole of his plant is often considerably less
than one-fourth the length of the leaf-blade it appears
probable that some other species is in question. The
material for our plate has been provided by a plant
purchased for Kew in 1891 from Mr. Dieck of Zoeschen,
which is now about ten feet high and as much across,
with a graceful habit due to the slender ultimately
pendulous branches. Unfortunately EL. Bungeanus does
not bear fruit at Kew so regularly as most of its cultivated
congeners ; in the autumn of 1914, however, it made a
very pleasing display owing to the abundance of its
capsules, whose colour is unusual among the hardy
members of the genus. The plants at Kew promise to
assume eventually a tree-like form; they are perfectly
hardy and grow vigorously in loamy soil. The foliage
dies off yellow in autumn. In the absence of seeds,
which are only available in certain seasons, cuttings may
be used for propagation.

Description.—Shrub or small tree, about 15 ft. high;
twigs slender; winter buds oblong-ovoid, their scales
ciliate. Leaves deciduous, long-petioled, elliptic, caudate-
acuminate, base cuneate, 2-3 in. long, #—11 in. wide;
petiole 3-1 in. long. Cymes arising from the axils of
deciduous bracts along the lower portion of the twigs,
once to thrice forked. Flowers tetramerous. Sepals
suborbicular, very small, spreading, at length deflexed.
Petals spreading, ultimately slightly deflexed, their
margins turned back, whitish-green with reddish base,
wide ovate, small. Disk 4-lobed, bright green. Stamens
inserted on the lobes of the disk; filaments stout, very
short, anthers reniform, purple-crimson. Ovary pyra-
midal, 4-angled, 4-celled ; style short ; stigmas 4, minute.
Ovules 2 to each cell, ascending. Capsule 4-lobed, pale
rose, Seeds dull rose; aril bright red, rising from the
raphe and enveloping the greater bulk of the seed,
leaving an aperture on the side away from the raphe.

: Fig. lla flower ; 2 and 3, seed with its aril, seen from behind and from one
side ; 4, seed in section, showing the embryo :—all enlarged.

M.S del. JN Fitch lth

m

ft

Lf

TaB. 8657.
LUPINUS Cuamissonis.
| California,

LrGuMInosaAE. Tribe GENISTEAE.

Lupinus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 480.

Lupinus Chamissonis, Hschsch. in Mém. Acad. Pétersb. vol. x. p- 288 (1826) ;
Walp. Repert. vol. i. p. 603; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Calif. p. 315, Heller in
Muhlenbergia, vol. vi. p. 111; species L. albifronti, Benth. affinis sed vix
fruticulosa, floribus haud uniformiter coeruleis carina eciliata distincta.

Suffrutex densus, 3-10 dm. altus, ramosus, caulibus sericeo-tomentosis vel
Superne sericeo-pubescentibus indumento subargenteo ramis paucis
elongatis pluribus abbreviatis. Folia plerumque 5-7-foliolata; foliola
oblanceolata, longe cuneatim attenuata, obtusa vel subobtusa breve
cuspidata, 15-30 mm. longa, 4*7 mm, lata, utrinque adpresse argenteo-
sericea; petiolus 15-25 mm. longus; stipulae subulatae, ad 5-8 mm.
petiolo adnatae, parte libera 6-7 mm. longa. Racemus 5-10 em. longus,
laxus vel densiusculus floribus solitariis vel rarius magis minusve verticil-
latis; bracteae lanceolatae, acuminatae, sericeo-tomentosae, ad 1 cm.
longae, cito caducae; pedicelli 5-6 mm. longi, albo-tomentelli. Calycis
6-7 mm. alti labium superum ad medium vel ultra 2-fidum, inferum
lanceolatum, obtusiusculum, utrinque albo-tomentosum. Corolla variegata ;
vexillum explanatum orbiculare, caerulescens vel lilacinum basi maculo
amplo flavido ornatum, 10-12 mm. altum; alae late suboblique oblongo-
ellipticae, obtusissimae, apicem versus caerulescentes, ceterum albidae;
carina anguste acute rostrata, eciliata, rostro atro-violaceo excepto albida.
Ovarium argenteo-tomentosum. Legwmen late lineare, 2°5-4 cm. longum,
7-8 mm. latum, tomentosum, inter semina oblique impressum.—O, Srapr.

The Papilionaceous genus Lupinus to which the subject
of our illustration belongs is highly developed in North
America. The late Mr. Sereno Watson in 1873 published
a careful revision of the species then known to occur in
extra-tropical North America which includes accounts of

_ fifty-six different forms. During recent years valuable

contributions towards a more complete knowledge of
this large and very natural genus, based on an extensive
acquaintance with its species in the field, have appeared
in the American botanical journal ‘ Muhlenbergia,’ and
in 1910, in the sixth volume of this periodical Mr. A. A.
Heller, the author of these articles, has expressed his
belief that in the New World to the north of Mexico,

no fewer than two hundred and thirty distinct forms

Appin, 1916,

occur. Mr. Heller’s promised illustrated monograph of
the North American species has not, however, yet been
completed, and until it appears the systematic classifica-
tion of the Lupins must leave much to be desired. The
species here figured is a low rather dense bushy denizen
of the sand dunes of the Californian littoral from San
Diego to a little beyond San Francisco, readily distin-
guished, among the species with silvery foliage, by the
large and persistently yellow blotch of the standard.
The plant which has provided the material for our plate
was purchased for Kew in 1913 from Messrs. Bees,
Limited, of Liverpool, under the name L. argenteus. It is
not, however, the true LZ. argenteus, Pursh ; nor is it the
LL. argenteus of Agardh which is a form of ZL. ornatus,
Dougl., or the L. argenteus of Watson which is a form of
L. lazxiflorus, Dougl., which are also natives of western
North America. Our plant, ZL. Chamissonis, was first
described by Eschscholtz ninety years ago. Its nearest
ally is L. albifrons, Benth., another Californian species
which has been confused with it, but which is easily
distinguished by the characters indicated by Dr. Stapf.
At Kew L. Chamissonis thrives in well-drained light soil
if planted against a south wall, beginning to flower in
June and continuing to do so freely till the end of
November. In the neighbourhood of Los Angeles it is
said to flower nearly all the year round. At Kew it
matures good seeds and is thus easily propagated.

DESCRIPTION.— Undershrub of compact habit; stem
1-3} ft. high, somewhat silvery silky tomentose or
upwards silky pubescent, with a few elongated and many
short branches. Leaves usually 5-7-foliolate, leaflets
oblanceolate, somewhat obtuse, shortly cuspidate, base
cuneately narrowed, 2—1} in. long, 1-1 in. wide, adpressed
silvery silky on both surfaces; petiole 3-1 in. long;
stipules subulate, adnate to the petiole for 11 in., their
free portion about } in. long. Raceme 2-4 in. long, loose
or rather compact, the flowers solitary or casually more
or less whorled; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, silky
tomentose, up to § in. long, soon caducous; pedicels
3+ in. long, white tomentellous. Calyx about } in. long,
2-lipped, white tomentose ; upper lip 2-fid to or beyond

the middle, lower lanceolate, rather obtuse. Corolla
variegated; standard flattened orbicular, blue or lilac
with a large yellow basal blotch, nearly } in. long ; wings
wide, somewhat obliquely oblong-elliptic, very obtuse,
blue towards the tip, elsewhere whitish; keel narrowly
acutely beaked, eciliate, the beak dark violet, otherwise
whitish. Ovary silvery tomentose. Pod wide linear,
1-1} in. long, nearly 4 in. wide, tomentose, obliquely
grooved between the seeds.

Fig. 1, base of petiole and stipules; 2, leaflet; 3, calyx, laid open, with
stamens and pistil; 4, standard; 5, wing-petal; 6, keel-petal; 7, pistil :—all
enlarged, :

3658

Vincent Brooks,Day &Son Litimp.

JN Ft-ch ith.

1
Lh =

M.S.

L. Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 8658.
ALNUS corpaTa,

Italy and Corsica.

CUPULIFERAE. Tribe BETULEAE.

Aunus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 404,

Alnus cordata, Desf. Tabl. Hort. Paris, ed. 2, p. 244; Dippel, Handb. d.
Laubhoizk. Teil ii. p. 148 ; Winkler in Engl. Planzenr.—Betulaceae, p. 110,
fig. 26; C. K. Schneider, Handb. d. Laubholzk. vol. i. p. 125, fig. 67, e-e? ;
Henry in Elwes ¢ Henry, Trees of Gt. Brit. & Irel. vol. iv. p. 949, t. 254;
Briquet, Prodr. Fl. Corse, vol. i. p. 406; species A. subcordatae, C. A.
Meyer, maxime affinis, sed ramulis glaberrimis, foliis saepe late ovatis
vel suborbicularibus regulariter crenato-serratis basi majus cordatis, amentis

-masculis brevioribus, strobilis majoribus differt.

Arbor pyramidalis, ad 24 m. alta cortice griseo-brunneo leviter verrucoso 3
ramuli juniores glaberrimi. Folia saepe late ovata vel suborbicularia,
_ interdum elliptica, apice acuta acuminata vel rotundata, basi plus minusve
cordata, rarius rotundata vel truncata, 6-9 cm. longa, 5-7 cm. lata, supra
glaberrima, atro-viridia, nitida, infra pallidiora, praeter venarum axillas
barbellatas glaberrima, interdum utrinque punctulis resinosis aspersa ;
venae laterales primariae utrinsecus 6-10; petiolus 2°5-5 em. longus.
Amenta mascula 3-6, in racemum terminalem disposita, 5-12 cm. longa,
Amenta femina (strobili) solitaria vel 2-3 in racemo erecto; fructifera
ovoidea vel ellipsoidea, 2°5-3 cm. longa, 1°5-2 cm. lata. Nuculae sub-
orbiculares ala angusta cinctae.—A. cordifolia, Ten. Fl. Nap. Prodr. p. 54,
et Fl. Nap. vol. ii. p. 340, t. 99; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1231; Loud. Arb. et
Frut, Brit. vol. iii. p. 1689, fig. 1545; Bertol. Fl. Ital. vol. x. p. 160; Regel,
Monogr. Betulac. p. 110, t. 16, fig. 21-27, et in DC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pars 2,
p. 185; Gard. Chron. 1883, vol. xix. p. 284, fig. 42; Piccioli, Piante Legn.
Ital. p. 281; Mouillefert, Traité des Arbres, p. 1131, t. col. 20; Bean, Trees
& Shrubs, vol. i. p. 179, cum icon. A. neapolitana, Savi, Tratt. Alb.
Tose. ed. 2, vol. ii. p. 21. A. macrocarpa, Req. ex Nyman, Consp. p. 672.
Betula cordata, Loisel. Notice, p. 139.—S. A, SkaN.

The Italian alder, popularly known in Italy as the
Ontano Napoletano, is the second of the seventeen species
comprising the genus to appear in the Botanical Magazine ;
the other, A. nitida, Endl., from the Western Himalaya,
is figured at t: 7654. It is a handsome tree, flourishing
in dry as well as in damp situations, in the former,
according to Mouillefert, better than either the common
or the grey alders. Its introduction into this country
dates from the year 1820, and it is now represented in

cultivation by many fine specimens. The finest known
Aprin, 1916.

to Messrs. Elwes and Henry is that growing on the lawn
at Tottenham House, Savernake, Wiltshire, which is
69 feet high and has a trunk measuring 9 feet 3 inches in
circumference at 4 feet from the ground. In height this
is slightly exceeded by a tree growing near the pond in
front of Museum No. 1 at Kew. This is 71 feet high, the
trunk having a girth of 5 feet 8inches; from this tree the
material for our figure was obtained. Though exceeded in
girth by several others in England the Kew tree surpasses
in height any other specimen of A. cordata in the British
Isles. The species is restricted to Southern Italy, from
the neighbourhood Naples southwards, and the islands of
Ischia and Corsica. On Mount Serino it forms forests.
The form figured has been distinguished as var. genuina,
Winkler (A. cordifolia, a genuina, ftegel), characterised
by the acute or acuminate leaves, while the form with
suborbicular leaves, very obtuse or rounded at the apex,
is known as var. rotundifolia, Dippel (= A. rotundifolia,
Bertol.). The latter, according to Briquet, is the only
form found in Corsica. It is also met with in Italy, but
less frequently than the variety genuina. A. cordata var.
tschmela, Sommier & Levier, from the Caucasus, is pro-
bably, as Winkler suspects, the same as A. subcordata
var. villosa, Regel. A. elliptica, Reg., originally found on
the banks of the River Salenzara in Corsica, is a natural
hybrid between A. cordata and A. glutinosa. The Italian
alder flowers in March before the appearance of the
leaves. For growing in damp places such as the margins
of ponds and streams there are few more handsome trees ;
the size of the leaves and their deep lustrous green
colour make it perhaps the most desirable of the alders.

It produces seed freely and can thus be readily pro-
pagated.

_Desoriprion.— Tree of pyramidal sha e, up to 80 ft.
high ; bark greyish-brown, slightly rie i young
twigs quite glabrous. Leaves often wide ovate or almost
orbicular, sometimes elliptic, apex acute or acuminate
or rounded, base more or less cordate, rarely rounded or
truncate, 23-34 in. long, 2-27 in. wide, and quite
glabrous above, dark green, shining, paler beneath, and
quite glabrous save for tufts of hairs in the angles of the

nerves, sometimes with resinous dots on both surfaces;
main lateral veins 6-10 on each side; petiole 1-2 in.
long. Male catkins 3-6 in a terminal raceme, each
catkin 2-4} in. long. Female catkins (cones) solitary or
2-3 in an erect raceme; in fruit ovoid or ellipsoid,
1-1} in. long, 3-¢ in. wide. Nutlets suborbicular with a
marginal wing.

Figs. 1 and 2, scales with male flowers; 3,a male flower; 4 and 5, scales
with female flowers; 6 and 7, fruit scales with nutlets; 8, gland-scale from
nutlet :—all enlarged.

Monthly, vitlcgSa 6d. coloured, 2s. 6
4 eras Annual Subeeineae » 42s,

No. J 551 THE exrine WORK. |

CONTENTS OF No. 137, MAY, 1916,

“Tas, 8659. —RHODODENDRON DECORUM.
8660. —PENTSTEM MON RUPICOLA.

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azine by W. ‘Bortixe Heuswer

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Lists of over 3000, Post ae: Threepence, :

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Tas. 8659.
RHODODENDRON pecorvum.

Western China.

EricacEak. Tribe Ruoporeag.
RuopopEnDRoN, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron decorum, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. xxxiii. p. 230
(1886), et im Nowy. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. ii. vol. x. p- 45 (1888) ; Hemsl.
tm Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 22 (1889); Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb.
vol. xxix. p. 511 (1900); Bean in Flora ¢ Sylwa, vol. iii. p. 163 (1905) ;
Hemsl. et LE. H. Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 109; Rehder d EH. H. Wils. in
Sarg. Pl. Wilsonianae, vol. i. p. 541; Bean, Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii.

. 857 (1914) ; affinis R. Fortunei, Lindl., sed foliis plerumque angustiori-
us, floribus emaculatis differt.

Frutex usque ad 5 m. altus; ramuli robusti, glabri. Folia oblonga vel oblongo-
elliptica, utrinque rotundata vel basi attenuata, apice obtuse mucronata,
7-12 cm. casu usque ad 20 cm. longa, 2°5-5 em. lata, rigide coriacea,
utrinque glabra, supra arcte reticulata ; costa supra leviter impressa, infra _
prominens, laminae apicem versus sensim attenuata; nervi laterales
utrinsecus 9-12, a costa sub angulo 70° abeuntes, prominenter furcati,
utrinque prominuli; petioli 1-1°5 em. longi, robusti, supra fere plani,
infra subcarinati. Injflorescentia circiter 10-flora, 20 ecm. expansa ;
pedicelli robusti, 3-3-5 cm. longi, glandulis subsessilibus parce induti..
Calyx bene evolutus, cupularis, 2°5-3 mm. altus, extra et margine
undulato parce glandulosus. Corolla alba vel leviter albo-viridis vel rosea ;
tubus 3 cm. longus, glaber; limbus 8-9 em. expansus, lobis 7 suborbicu-
laribus emarginatis circiter 2°5 em. latis. Stamina 16; filamenta inferne
parce puberula, usque ad 3 cm. longa; antherae vix exsertae, pallide
brunneae, 5 mm. longae. Ovariwm 10-loculare, oblongum, glandulis sub- -
sessilibus dense indutum; stylus exsertus, robustus, 4°5 cm. longus,
omnino glandulosus, stigmate capitato 4°5 mm. diametro coronatus.
Fructus durus, 4 cm. longus, apice circiter 1°5 em. crassus, leviter rugosus ;
pedicelli fructiferi 4 em. longi.—R. lucidwm, Franch. in Journ. de Bot.
vol. ix. p. 800 (1895), fide Rehd. & E. H. Wils.].c. RB. vernicoswm, Franch.
lc. vol. xii. p. 258 (1898). R. Spooneri, Hemsl. et E. H. Wils. in Kew
Bull. 1910, p. 110.—J. Hurcutnson.

According to Mr. E.H. Wilson, Rhododendron decorum
is widely distributed in Western China. First introduced
by Delavay in 1887 through seeds from Mt. Tsong-chan,
Yunnan, at 6700 feet, young plants were obtained for
Kew from the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, in 1889. It was
next met with by David at Mupine in Szechuan, and
was found again in that region by Wilson. For a time

it remained rare in collections, but has now bécome
May, 1916,

plentiful, having been found by Forrest on the Lichiang
and Tali ranges at 9,000-11,000 feet, within and on the
margins of pine forests. The plant figured was raised from
seed collected by Forrest and presented to Kew by Mr. J. C.
Williams of Caerhays in 1911. 2. decoruin appears to vary
considerably in colour of flower andin habit. The plants
raised in France in 1888 were thin and rather gaunt ;
those of recent origin are more compact and promise
to be attractive and hardy garden shrubs, in general
facies resembling A. Fortunei, Lindl., figured at t. 5596
of this work, but with usually narrower coriaceous leaves
and larger unspotted flowers, which are very fragrant.

Descriprion.—Shrub, reaching 16 ft. in height ; twigs
stout, glabrous. Leaves oblong or oblong-elliptic, rounded
at both ends or narrowed to the base, the apex bluntly
mucronate, usually 3-5, at times up to 8 in. long, 1—2 in.
wide, firmly leathery, glabrous on both sides and closely
reticulate above; midrib slightly sunk above, raised
beneath and gradually narrowing upwards; lateral
nerves 9-12 on each side, leaving the midrib at an angle
of about 70°, distinctly forked and raised on both
surfaces ; petiole 1~2 in, long, stout, almost flat above,
faintly keeled beneath. Inflorescence about 10-flowered,
8 in. across ; pedicels stout, 11-12 in. long, sparingly
beset with almost sessile glands. Calyx well developed,
cup-shaped, ,,—-} in. deep, sparingly glandular outside
and round the undulate mouth. Corolla usually white,
sometimes with a greenish tinge, sometimes flushed with
rose; tube 1} in. long, glabrous; limb 34-34 in. across,
lobes 7, nearly orbicular, emarginate, about 1 in. broad.
Stamens 16, filaments up to 1{ in. long, sparingly pube-
rulous below ; anthers barely exserted, pale brown, } in.
long. Ovary 10-celled, oblong, densely covered with
almost. sessile glands ; style exserted, stout, 1? in. long,
glandular throughout ; stigma capitate, over } in. across.
Capsule indurated, 13 in. long, about 2 in. wide at the
top, slightly rugose ; pedicels in fruit about 14 in. long.

Fig. 1, apex of leaf; 2, calyx and pistil ; 3, calyx, with section of ovary; 4and

» Stamens; 6, anther ; 7, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

L.. Reeve & C° London.

S660

Vincert Brooks Day& Son ad imp :

Tas. 8660.
PENTSTEMON Rrvpicona.

North America.

ScropHULARIACEAE. Tribe CHELONEAR.
PeNnTsTEMON, Mitch.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p- 940.

Pentstemon rupicola, Howell, Fl. N.W. Amer. p. 510, 1908; affinis P.
Newberryi, A. Gray, sed sepalis oblongo-ellipticis subacutis haud acuminatis
corolla ventricosa majore antheris haud vel vix exsertis apte distinguenda.

Herba basi ramosa caulibus ascendentibus junioribus dense puberulis superne
plus minusve glandulosis. Folia ovata, apice acuta, basi cuneata,
saepissime circiter 7 mm. longa et 5°5 mm. lata, margine serrata, crassius-
cula costa et nervis indistinctis plus minusve ciliolatis. Flores ad ramorum
apicem aggregati pedicellis 6 mm. longis glanduloso-pubescentibus ;
bracteae foliis similes nisi angustiores; bracteolae lanceolatae, acutae,
2mm. longae, 1 mm. latae. Sepala oblongo-elliptica, acuta, 7 mm. longa,
3°5 mm. lata, utrinque leviter glandulosa. Corolla conspicue bilabiata,
ventricosa, roseo-coccinea; tubus 2°5 em. longus, basi 4 mm. diametro,
7mm. supra basem constrictus, 8 mm. diametro, deinde ampliatus fauce
1 cm, diametro ; labium anticum 1°2 em. longum, 1°5 cm. letum, trilobum
lobis lateralibus 5 mm. longis 4-5 mm. latis, lobo medio minore; labium
posticum 1°2cm. longum, 1°1 cm. latum, bilobum lobis 5 mm. longis
4-5 mm. latis. Stamina4; filamenta 2 cm. longa; antherae liberae, dense
comosae. Staminodiwm 1-5 em. longum, inferne glabrum, superne barba-
tum. Ovariwm cylindrico-ovoideum, 4 mm. altum, 2 mm. diametro, gla-
brum ; stylus 2-7 em. longus, glaber.—P. Newberryi, A. Gray, var. rupicola,
Piper in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, vol. xxvii. p. 397, 1900; Krautter in Contrib.
Bot. Lab. Univ. Pennsylv. vol. iii. no. 2, p- 102, 1908.—W. B. Turritt.

This charming Pentstemon has recently found its way
into cultivation in England, and we are indebted to
Mr. C. Elliott, Six Hills Nursery, Stevenage, for the
example figured. The plant was obtained by Mr. Elliott
in 1910, and has been grown as P. Davidsonii, Greene.
It is, however, very distinct from that Californian plant,
being much more closely allied to P. Newberryi, A. Gray,
a more northern species which has itself been by some
authors treated as a form of P. Menziesii, Hook. The
original material of P. rupicola came from dry rocky cliffs
on Mt. Rainier, Washington, at 7500 feet above sea-level ;
with this Mr. Piper, who looked on the species as only
a variety of P. Newherryi, associated material collected
by Mr. Allen on the Goat Mountains, also in Washington.

Allen’s plant agrees with that now figured in every respect,
May, 1916.

even in having the staminode strongly bearded above,
though in the hitherto published accounts of P. rupicola
this is described as glabrous. To Mr. Howell we are
indebted for the definite separation of P. rupicola from
P. Newberry’, and although Mr. L. Krautter in his ‘Com-
parative Study of the Genus Pentstemon’ has reverted
to Piper’s arrangement, it seems more desirable to adopt
that of Howell. Piper reports the occurrence on Mount
Adams of a plant with the depressed habit and thick
leaves of P. rupicola, but with the corolla of P. Newberry.
The place of P. rupicola in the genus is within Bentham’s
section Erianthera, on account of its dwarf habit, and
its densely comose anthers which open longitudinally.
throughout their extent. At Kew P. rupicola has proved
hardy in a sunny position in the rock garden facing
south and grown under moraine conditions. It flowers
in May, and, although it has failed to ripen its seeds,
may be readily propagated by cuttings.

Descriprion.—Herb, dwarf, prostrate and branching
at the base; stems ascending above, densely puberulous
and more or less glandular upwards. Leaves ovate,
acute, base cuneate, usually about 1 in. long and + in.
wide, margin serrate, rather thick, with the midrib and
nerves more or less ciliolate, but otherwise barely dis-

tinguishable. Flowers clustered at the tips of the

branches; pedicels } in. long, glandular-pubescent ;

bracts like the leaves but smaller: bracteoles acute,
Tz oe long, az in. wide. Sepals oblong-elliptic, acute,
over ; In. long, + in. wide, slightly glandular. Corolla
distinctly 2-lipped, ventricose, rose-carmine; tube 1 in.
long, 1 in. wide below, narrowed to x In. above the base,
pes widened upwards and 2 in. wide at the throat ;
ower lip } in. long, 2 in. wide, 3-lobed, lateral lobes
larger than the mid-lobe, 3 in. long; upper lip 2-lobed,
lobes } in. long. Stamens 4 ; filaments 3 in, long; anthers
o densely woolly; staminode 5 in. long, glabrous
elow, bearded above. Orary cylindric-ovoid, 1 in. long,
Tz M. across, glabrous ; style over 1 in. long, glabrous.

Saar teetee tat coca A

Fig. 1, leaf: :
showing ot ctf fe and style; 3, calyx, laid open; 4, base of corolla,

ode; 5, anther; 6, staminode :—all enlarged.

S66/

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MS.del. JN Ritch lith,

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Vincert Brooks, Day & Son Lt* imp-

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TAB. 8661.
CYTISUS RaATISBONENSIS.

Siberia to Central Europe.

Lrecuminosak. Tribe GENISTEAE.

Cyrisus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 484,

Cytisus ratisbonensis, Schaef. Bot. Exped. (1760) tab. in lib. prim. ; Kerner
Abh. Pflanzengest. Klima u. Boden, p- 15; Schneider, Laubholzk. vol. ii,
p. 50, figs, 832 K-o0, 83 a-b; Bean, Trees & Shrubs, vol. i. p. 462; species a
caeteris e grege C. hirsuti, Linn., ramis novellis calyce legumineque sericeo-
pubescentibus distincta.

Fruticulus ramis vetustis e basi prostrata adscendentibus novellis erectis
adpresse sericeo-pubescentibus. Folia petiolata ; foliola obovato-oblonga
vel obovata vel oblanceolata, supra glabra, subtus cinereo-sericeo. Flores
in ramis annotinis solitarii vel saepius 2-8-nati longe racemose dispositi,
1°5-2 cm. longi. Calyx tubulosus, circiter 1 em. longus, adpresse sericeus.
Corolla lutea, vexillo glabro saepe maculo rubro-brunnescente ornato.
Legumen lineari-oblongum, adpresse sericeum.—C. ratisbonensis, var.
vulgaris, Aschers. & Graebn. Syn. Mitt. Eur. Fl. vol. vi, Abt. ii. p. 824,
C. hirsutus, subsp. ratisbonensis, var. ratisbonensis, Briq. Etud. Cytis. Alp.
Marit. p. 167.—O. Srapr.

A considerable interest attaches to the familiar and
long-established garden plant which forms the subject of
our illustration. Among the shrubby Brooms hardy with
us there are few more attractive than this one, which
has been in constant cultivation at Kew for at least
seventy years, probably for a much longer period, and is
still planted in quantity for the charming display which
it gives every year when in flower in early May. This
species appears to be the Cytisus figured at t. 308 of the
Botanical Register as C. biflorus, where it is recorded as
having been introduced from Hungary by Mr. James

Gordon about 1760. The figure in question was based

on a plant grown in the Cambridge Botanic Garden and
agrees in all respects with typical C. ratisbonensis except
in the absence of the reddish-brown blotch usually present
on the standard of this species. The true C. biflorus,
L’Herit., which has been considered by Ascherson and
Graebner a variety of C. ratisbonensis, has flowers which

are of a purer yellow and differs besides in its narrower
May, 1916.

leaflets, longer and narrower calyx-tube, and more silvery
indumentum. Yet another Hungarian form has been
figured by Waldstein and Kitaibel (Pl. Rar. Hung. t. 166) ;
this has pure yellow flowers and has been considered by
Kerner a state of C. ratishonensis ; in reality, however,
it approaches more closely to the true C. biflorus. Not
impossibly these two Brooms, C. ratisbonensis and C. bi-
Jlorus, are not always separable, the limits between them
becoming obliterated either by crossing or from con-
vergent fluctuations. The plant now figured may there-
fore be such an intermediate state which has become
persistent in cultivation and given rise to a fairly
characteristic garden form. In favourable conditions
vigorous plants produce sprays over a foot long, covered
with blossom. If given a loamy soil and a sunny situa-
tion it succeeds without further trouble ; its abundant
seed makes propagation easy. In the wild state C. ratis-
bonensis extends from Western Siberia through Central
and Southern Russia, Silesia, Bohemia and Hungary to
Southern Bavaria, while there is an isolated area in
Thuringia. The material for our plate was provided
by a plant in the collection of Leguminosae at Kew.

DESCRIPTION.—A small shrub, old branches ascending
from a prostrate base, young shoots erect, adpressed.
silky-pubescent. Leaves distinctly stalked ; leaflets obo-
vate-oblong or obovate or oblanceolate, glabrous above,
grey-silky beneath. Flowers 3-¢ in. long, produced
singly or in twos or threes along the shoots of the
previous season so as to form long racemose sprays. Calyx
tubular, about ? in. long, adpressed silky. Corolla yellow,
standard glabrous, in the wild plant often with a reddish-
brown blotch which is usually absent in the garden form.
Pod linear-oblong, adpressed silky.

Sean ee etanatacmsrcreana Car eee

Fig. 1, a flower, the petals remo

ved ; 2, wing petal; 3, keel petal; 4, portion
of the staminal sheath ; 9, pistil : = : P .

—all enlarged,

S662

MS del JN Fitch lith.

L.Reeve& Ce]

,ondon.

Tas. 8662.
ERIA TomMEnToOSA.

Indo-China.

Orcuipaceak. Tribe EprpenpREAE,
Eri, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 509.

Eria tomentosa, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. v. p. 803 ; aff. H. ornatae, Lindl.,
bracteis ovatis multo brevioribus floribus minoribus et labello latiore
differt.

Herba epiphytica, rhizomate crasso lignoso; pseudobulbi inter se distantes,
late ovoidei vel globoso-ovoidei, subcompressi, 4~6 cm. longi, 2-3-phylli.
Folia breve petiolata, lanceolata vel elliptico-lanceolata, subacuta, coriacea,
recurva, 9-22 cm. longa, 1°5-4 cm. lata, Scapt suberecti, 25-33 em. longi,
basi vaginis sat numerosis imbricatis vestiti, praesertim superne brunneo-
tomentosi, multiflori; bracteae mediocres, ovatae vel ovato-lanceolatae,
subobtusae, margine paullo reflexae, 1-5-2 cm. longae, parce pubescentes,
pulchre rubro-aurantiacae; pedicelli 3-3°5 cm, longi, brunneo-tomentosi,
Flores mediocres, extra brunneo-tomentosi. Sepala subconniventia ;
posticum oblongum, subobtusum, 1:°3-1°5 em. longum; lateralia sub-
aequalia, basi dilatata, mentum breve formantia. Petala lineari-oblonga,
subacuta, 1-1-1 cm. longa. Labellum recurvum, trilobum, 1-2-1-4 em.
longum; lobus intermedius obovatus, subobtusus, recurvus, undulatus ; .
lobi laterales angusti, obtusi ; discus obtuse tricarinatus, carinis crenulatis,
Columna oblonga, 4 mm. longa. Pollinia 8, subglobosa.— E. ornata,
Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. iii. p. 48, excl. syn., nec auct. ejusd. in
Gen. & Sp. Orch, Epidendrum tomentosum, Koenig in Retz. Obs. vol. iii.
p. 53.—R. A. Rourr.

The striking Eria here figured is one for the material
of which we are indebted to Sir F. W. Moore, by whom
it was flowered in 1915 in the collection at Glasnevin,
where it has been in cultivation since 1913, when it was
purchased, with some other orchids, from Mr. Pauwels,
Meiralbeke, Ghent, as a new importation not well estab-
lished. After one or two trials it was found, Sir Frederick
Moore informs us, to succeed best in the warm end of
the intermediate house, with a night temperature not
falling below 58° F. Though the leaves are thick and
leathery it appears to dislike too much sun. Straggling
in growth, with pseudobulbs up to five inches apart and
with spare, thin, wiry roots given off under each bulb,
the plant is unsuited to pot-culture and does best

suspended in a basket near the glass. The roots may be
May, 1916,

bent backwards till they take hold in the soil. It
requires a fair amount of rest when growth is com-
pleted and, in a basket, may be given abundance of
water during the growing season. It evidently resents
too low a temperature and too much direct sunlight. In
the original basket there were apparently two distinct
plants, one with the tomentum distinctly paler, but
except in this character the two do not differ, and they
must be regarded as merely forms of one species. The
consignment of which this Eria formed part included a
Coelogyne which on flowering proved to be C. pachybulbon,
Ridl., a circumstance which indicates Siam as almost
certainly the country of origin of this Fria also. As to
the identity of the species figured there is no doubt; it
agrees with the ‘ Indian’ plant mentioned under E. ornata,
Lindl., figured at t. 8642 of this work, as having been
confused by Lindley with that Malayan species, but as
having been afterwards distinguished therefrom by
Hooker as E. tomentosa owing to its being the species
originally described by Koenig as Epidendrum tomentosum.
A comparison of the two illustrations will show that, as
Hooker pointed out in 1890, Z. tomentosa, now figured, has
relatively shorter and broader bracts than Z. ornata has.
The flowers also differ in colour, and the leaves in the
example depicted are narrower than those of E. ornata,
though this last character does not hold good for all the
dried specimens from which E. tomentosa has hitherto
been somewhat imperfectly known. This species is only
to be accounted an ‘Indian’ one because of its presence
in the Khasia Hills which, however, lie east of the
Brahmaputra and have a flora which is Indo-Chinese
rather than Indian. Its other known localities, Chitta-
gong, Tenasserim and now Siam, are Indo-Chinese, a fact
which suggests that the Pungah plant obtained by Mr.
Curtis, also mentioned under t. 8642 of this work, may
belong to EZ. tomentosa, which we may perhaps regard as the

geographical representative in Indo-China of the Malayan
EE. ornata.

DEscRIPTion.— Herb, epiphytic; rootstock stout,
woody ; pseudobulbs rem ote, wide-ovoid or ovoid-globose,
somewhat compressed, 13-23 in. long, 2-3-leaved. Leaves

shortly stalked, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, rather
acute, coriaceous, recurved, 34-9 in. long, 2-13 in. wide.
Scapes suberect, many-flowered, 10-13 in. long, base
clothed with imbricate sheaths, brown-tomentose especi-
ally upwards ; bracts medium-sized, ?—3 in. long, ovate or
ovate-lanceolate, rather blunt, their margins somewhat
reflexed, sparingly pubescent, bright orange-red ; pedicels
1{-13 in. long, brown-tomentose. Flowers medium-
sized, brown-tomentose externally. Sepals somewhat
connivent ; the upper oblong, rather blunt, 1-2 in. long;
lateral subequal, dilated at the base and there forming a
short mentum. Petals linear-oblong, somewhat acute,
under § in. long. Jip recurved, 3-lobed; mid-lobe
obovate, rather blunt, recurved, undulate ; lateral lobes
narrow, blunt ; disk bluntly 3-keeled, the keels crenulate.
Column oblong, } in. long. Pollinia 8, nearly globose.

Fig. 1, a flower, the sepals and lip removed; 2, lip; 3, anther-cap ;
4, pollinia :—all enlarged.

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BOTANICAL, MAGAZINE.

CONTENTS OF No. 138, JUNE, 1916.

AB. - 8663. —ALOE ARBORESCENS, var. NATALENSIS.
, 8664. —SAXEGOTHAEA CONSPICUA,
, 8665—RHODODENDRON CHARIANTHUM.

, 8666 CAMPANULA ZOYSII.

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8663

i

pepnpoen

Scifi foams

iin cb A EIA TS oie pease tae :
5, ee

Vincent Brooks, Day &SonLtd imp

MS .del. JN Hitch lith.

L. Reeve & Co.Londumn

Tas. 8663.
ALOE ARBORESCENS, var. NATALENSIS.

Natal.

Liviacesk., Tribe ALoINEAE.

Atoz, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 775.

Aloe arborescens, var. natalensis, Berger in Engl. Pflanzenr., Asphodel.—
Aloin. p. 290; a typo foliis glaucis supra subplanis pedunculoque sub-
simplici differt.

Frutex altus, e basi multiramosus ; rami erecti vel erecto-patentes. Folia ad
ramorum apices dense congesta, e basi dilatata ensiformia, supra gradatim
attenuata, reflexa vel subfalcatim deflexa, 45-50 cm. longa, 5 em. lata,
supra subplana, subtus convexa, glauca, ad apicem rubescentia, anguste
cartilagineo-marginata ; dentes hamato-incurvi, inferiores 4 mm. longi et
inter se 10 mm. distantes, superiores 10-20 mm. distantes. Pedunculus
erectus vel arcuato-erectus, robustus, 40-50 cm. altus, simplex vel ramo
brevi laterali praeditus; racemus 20-25 em. longus; bracteae steriles
plures, late deltoideae; bracteae fertiles dense imbricatae, ovato-oblongae,
obtusae, rubescentes, demum brunneae, scariosae. Perianthium 8°8-4-5 cm.
longum ; tubus rectus vel leviter curvatus, infra medium constrictus, ruber ;
segmenta 3-5-nervia, exteriora subacuta, interiora obtusa, viridia. Stamina
breviter exserta.— A, natalensis, Wood & Evans in Journ. Bot. 1901, p. 170,
and Natal Plants, t.258; Schoenl. in Rec. Albany Mus, vol. i. p. 43 (1908).
A. arborescens, Salm-Dyck, Monogr. Aloes, § 26, fig. 3; Baker in Journ,
Linn. Soe. vol. xviii. p. 175, et in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. vi. p. 322, partim ;
Berger in Gartenwelt, vol. x. p- 18, cum icon. (1905),—C. H. Wricur,

The typical form of Aloe arborescens, Mill., which was
originally described in the eighth edition of the Gardeners’
Dictionary, has long been known in cultivation and was
figured at t. 1306 of this work. It is readily distinguished
from all the five varieties which have at various times
been associated with it in its arborescent habit, its trunk
at times reaching a height of over twelve feet. Mr.
Berger, who has recently subjected the genus to careful
study, has retained the stemless or short-stemmed forms
in A. arborescens, and has proposed for the original tall-
stemmed plant the varietal name Milleri. The short-
stemmed form now figured, which competent South
African botanists seem disposed to consider a distinct
species, Mr. Berger has treated as only a variety, var.
natalensis, and Mr. Wright has accepted Berger’s view.
This variety has had a history quite as prolonged as that

JUNE, 1916.

of Miller’s original plant. It is recorded as having been
grown at Amsterdam by Adrian van der Stel as long ago
as the beginning of the eighteenth century. It was first
figured in the monograph published by Prince Salm-
Reifferscheid-Dyck in 1817. It is distinguishable from
Miller’s plant not only in habit but in having the leaves
almost flat instead of channelled near the middle on the
upper side and in having the raceme, at least when young,
conical rather than cylindric. The inner perianth-
segments are sometimes yellowish. The material for our
plate has been supplied from a plant grown in the garden
of Lady Hanbury at La Mortola. As a wild plant our
variety has been met with by the late Dr. Medley Wood
at altitudes of 800-3,000 feet in Natal, and by Dr. 8.
Schoenland at an altitude of 1,000 feet in Komgha,
always in rocky situations. The various varieties of
A. arborescens are among the easiest of Aloes to cultivate.
They grow vigorously in poor gravelly soil provided the
position given be a sunny one in a warm house, and if
they receive a fair allowance of water at the root in
summer. One of the stemless varieties is very commonly
grown as a window plant in country cottages.

Description.—Shrub, freely branching at the base;
‘branches erect or slightly spreading. Leaves densely
clustered at the tips of the branches, ensiform from a
broad base, gradually narrowed upwards, reflexed or
faleately deflexed, about 1§ ft. long, 2 in. wide, nearly
flat above, convex beneath, glaucous, reddish towards
the tips, margin narrowly cartilaginous ; teeth incurved-
hooked, the lower } in. long and 1 in. apart, the upper
33 in. apart. Peduncle erect or upeurved, stout, up to
1, ft. long, simple or at times with a short lateral branch;

raceme 8-10 in. long; sterile bracts rather numerous, ©

wide deltoid; fertile bracts closely imbricate, ovate-
oblong, blunt, reddish, becoming brown and scarious.
Perianth 13-13 in. long ; tube straight or slightly curved,
narrowed below the middle, red; lobes 3-5-nerved, the

outer somewhat acute, the inner blunt, green. Stamens
slightly exserted.

Fig. 1, perianth ; 2 and 3, stamens; : pistil :—all enlarged.

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| Tas. 8664.
SAXEGOTHAEA conspricva.
Chile.

TAXACEAE,

Saxecornara, Linn.; Benth. ct Hook. J. Gen, Plant, vol. iii. p. 484; Pilger
in Engl, Pflanzenr, vol. iv. Abteil. 5 (Taxaceae), p. 42,

Saxegothaea conspicua, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. vol. vi. (1851), p. 258 et
in Lindl. ¢ Part. Flow. Gard. vol. ii (1851-1852), p. 111, cum icon.;
C. Gay, Fl. Chil. vol. v. p. 412; DC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pars ii, p. 497;
Masters in Gard. Chron. 1887, vol. ii. p. 684, figs. 130, 131, et l.c., 1889,
vol. v. p. 782, fig. 125; Kent in Veitch Mun. Contf. p. 158, fig. 55; Elwes
é Henry, Trees of Great Brit. & Irel. vol. vi. p- 1459; species unica,

Arbor ad 9 m. alta vel frutex, ramulis angulatis, novellis cortice pallide viridi
tectis vetustis flavido-fuscis. Folia per 4-5 annos persistentia, linearia,
mucronata, 6-10 mm. longa, 1-5-3 mm. lata, coriacea, supra saturate
viridia, subtus linis binis latis stomatiferis albis notata, costa utrinque
prominula, marginibus incrassatis. Strobili masculi e foliorum superiorum
axillis orti, solitarii, cylindrici, basi squamarum ovatarum acutarum paribus
binis suffulti, 4-6 mm. longi, brunnei. Strobili Jfeminei ramulos termi-
nantes, subglobosi, virides, 6-8 mm. longi; squamae inferiores steriles,
caeterae ovuliferae, triangulari-ovatae, mucronatae, basi lata affixae,
crassae, supra basin versus ovulum in fossa immersum solitarium gerentes ;
ovulum epimatio libero albido fere totum circumdatum. Fructus carnosus,
globosus, muricatus, e squamis praeter apices induratos liberos connatis
formatus, 1 cm. diametro demum inter squamas dehiscens. Semina cum
quoque fructu circiter 6, rotundato-ovata, compressa, bimarginata, 4 mm.
longa.—O. Starr,

The interesting Coniferous genus Saxegsthaea was first

discovered by Mr. W. Lobb in 1846 in the Chilean

rovince of Llanquihue, at the Bay of Coman about
t. 42° S., and was named by Professor Lindley after
H.R.H. the Prince Consort. It is further represented at
Kew by specimens from the neighbourhood of Valdivia
and from Chiloe, while Dr. Pilger records its collection by
Mr. Dusén in Western Patagonia, though it is not clear that
this means more than Southern Chile. As a cultivated
plant S. conspicua, the only species of the genus, thrives
best in the milder parts of the British Islands, and particu-
larly in the west of Ireland. For the material for our |
figure we are indebted to the Marquess of Sligo in whose

collection at Westport House, Mayo, it flowered freely in

June, 1916,

1913. There are specimens between thirty and forty
feet high at Strete Ralegh and Coldrenick. At Kew the
species is very slow growing. A plant in the Taxad
collection, although well furnished and to all appearance
quite healthy, is only some four feet high, though it is
now over thirty years old. It is the survivor of three
plants once growing in close proximity, of which the two
others were killed by the great frosts of February, 1895,
when the thermometer fell nearly to zero F. on three
successive nights. The survivor has never been in the
least affected by frost since then. Cuttings of nearly
ripe wood strike root quite freely if placed in a mildly
heated frame and kept close. It thrives well in loamy
moist soil, but like most Chilean trees and shrubs will no
doubt succeed equally well in peat. The genus Saze-
gothaea has recently been the subject of morphological
study by Mr. Stiles, Mr. R. B. Thomson, Miss M. S.
Young and others, and the opinion appears to be
generally held that it forms a connecting link between
the Podocarpeae and the Araucarieae, though a member of
the former rather than of the latter group. Miss Young
has called attention to the striking development of the
nucellar tissue which protrudes through the micropyle
where it expands to form a stigma-like knob. She also
points out that in its early stages the ovule is perpen-
dicular to the scale, and only becomes inverted as the
result of later growth. A similar, but less conspicuous
development of the nucellar tissue occurs in the Arau-
carieae, but is practically unknown among Angiosperms.
The most closely allied genus is the Tasmanian Micro-

cachrys, Hook. f., a fact of considerable interest from a
geographical standpoint.

Duscription.— Tree 30-40 ft, high or at times a shrub;
twigs angled, bark when young pale-green, when older
tawny-yellow. Leaves persisting for 4-5 years, linear,
mucronate, 4-4 in. long, !,-1 in. wide, coriaceous, dark
green above, beneath with two broad, white stomati-
ferous lines, midrib rather prominent on both sides,
margins thickened. Male cones in the axils of the upper-
most leaves, solitary, cylindric, with two pairs of ovate

acute basal scales, 3-1 "in. long, brown. Female cones at

the tips of the twigs, almost globose, green, z—} in. long;
lower scales barren, the others bearing ovules, triangular-
ovate, mucronate, attached by a wide base, thick, each
with a solitary ovule, sunk in a depression somewhat
above the base; ovule almost surrounded by a free
envelope. uit fleshy, globose, muricate, composed of
scales which are connate except at their free hardened
tips, over } in. across, ultimately dehiscing between the
scales. Seeds about 6 to each cone, rounded-ovate,
compressed, 2-marginate, } in. long.

Fig. 1, leaf; 2, male catkin; 3, anther; 4, part of female cone; 5, ovule
with the free margins of the epimatium turned back ; 6, ovule with one half of
the integument removed, showing in the centre the nucellus with its stigma-
like prolongation ; 7, fruit; 8, seed :—all enlarged except 7, which is of natural
size,

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Tas. 8665,
RHODODENDRON cuartantuum.

Western China.

Ericaceak. Tribe RuoporEar.
RwopopENDRON, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599,

Rhododendron charianthum, Hutchinson ; species nova R, longistylo, Rehd.
et Wils., et R. Davidsoniano, Rehd. et Wils., affinis; ab illo foliis subtus
dense glanduloso-punctatis, calyce vix evoluto, ab hoe corollis intra
conspicue et dense rubro-maculatis, stylo inferne parce pubescente differt.

Frutex, parce ramosus; ramuli juniores foliati, graciles, apicem versus parce
lepidoti, cortice brunneo longitudinaliter verruculoso obtecti, Folia
oblanceolata vel oblanceolato-elliptica, apice obtuse mucronata, ad basin

’ euneato angustata, 2°5-5 cm. longa, 1-2 em. lata, tenuiter coriacea,
margine minute crenulata utrinque glandulis minimis aureis inter se 0°25-
0°5 mm. distantibus ornata, ceterum glabra; costa infra prominens; nervi
laterales utrinsecus 7-9, supra paulum elevati, infra prominuli; petioli
3-6 mm. longi, parce lepidoti. Flores 9-10 in corymbum terminalem sub-
planum circiter 9 cm. expansum dispositi; pedicelli graciles, 1-1°5 cm.
longi, parce glandulosi. Calyx brevissimus, undulate lobulatus. Corolla
rosea, intus dorso dense rubro-maculata; tubus late expansus, circiter 1 cm.
longus, utrinque glaber; lobi 5, oblongi vel ovato-oblongi, apice rotundati,
1°5-2 cm. longi, circiter 1:3 em. lati. Stamina 10, longe exserta;
filamenta inferne pubescentia, plus minusve 2°5 em. longa; antherae
carmineae, 2°25 mm. longae. Ovarium breviter eylindricum, lepidotum,
5-loculare ; stylus staminibus paullo longior, inferne minutissime pubescens
vel fere glaber, stigmate capitato 1-5 mm. diametro coronatus, Fructus
brevissimus, 1 cm, longus, minute lepidotus.—J. Hurcuinson.

The beautiful Rhododendron here described is one of
a group of closely allied species, some of which, such as
ft. yunnanense, Franch., figured at t. 7614 and R. David-

sonianum, Rehd. & Wils., tigured at t. 8605 of this work,

have already become favourites with the cultivators of
the genus in this country. As regards its flowers the
nearest ally of &. charianthum is the now familiar
&. yunnanense, but our plant lacks the hairs on the

‘surfaces and margins of the leaves which are a striking

feature of the older species. In other respects /. chari-

anthum is very closely related to R. Davidsonianum and

to £. longistylum, another species described by Rehder

and Wilson. From the latter our plant is readily dis-

guished by its more densely glandular leaves; from the
JUNE, 1916.

former by the strikingly spotted flowers and the hirsute
style. The material for our plate has been obtained
from a plant raised at Kew from seeds received from the
Arnold Arboretum early in 1909. This plant flowered
for the first time four years later, in April, 1913. It
appears to be perfectly hardy and thrives well in sandy
loam and peat. Like its allies among the scaly-leaved
Rhododendrons it can be increased by cuttings placed in
gentle heat about the middle of August.

DEscRIPTION.— Shrub, sparingly branched ; young
shoots leafy, slender, sparingly scaly towards the top,
bark brown, finely warted longitudinally. Leaves oblan-
ceolate or elliptic-oblanceolate, bluntly mucronate, cune-
ately narrowed at the base, 1-2 in. long, 1-8 in. wide,
thinly coriaceous, margin finely crenulate, beset on both
surfaces with very small discrete golden glands, otherwise
glabrous ; midrib raised beneath ; lateral nerves 7-9 on
each side, slightly raised above, distinct beneath ; petiole
4 in. long, sparingly scaly. Flowers 9-10 in a terminal
rather flat corymb, 34 in. across ; pedicels slender, 4—2 in,
long, sparingly glandular. Calyx very short, with a
_ shallowly lobulate margin. Corolla rose-coloured, densely

blotched with red spots within on the upper portion ;
tube widely open, about 3 in. long, glabrous on both
surfaces ; lobes 5, oblong or ovate-oblong, rounded at
the tip, 3-2 in. long, about 3 in. wide. Stamens 10, far
exserted ; filaments pubescent downwards, about 1 in.
long ; anthers carmine, about 17 in. long. Ovary shortly
cylindric, lepidote, 5-celled ; style rather longer than the
stamens, very finely pubescent or almost glabrous down-

wards ; stigma capitate. Capsule very short, about } in.
long, finely lepidote.

occa ee

Fig. 1, portion of upper surface of a leaf: 2 i f;
8, calyx and pistil; 4, scales from the oa eaat & demaer T e

section of ovary :—all enlarged, uy; Sand 6, stamens; 7, transverse

8666

M.S.del. JN? hh likhy

TAB. 8666.
CAMPANULA Zovystt.
North Italy and Austria.

CAMPANULACEAE. Tribe CAMPANULEAK.
CampanuLa, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 561.

Campanula Zoysii, Wulf in Jacq. Coll., vol. ii. p. 122 (1788); Retchb. Fl.
Germ. vol. xix. t. 1610, p. 118; Gard. Chron. 1896, vol. xx. p- 183, et 1905,
vol. xxxviii. p. 228; species C. cenisiae, Linn., affinis sed caulibus foliisque
fere glabris, corollis oblongo-tubulosis superne leviter angustatis, lobis
conniventibus intus pilis albis horizontaliter patentibus instructis distincta. —

Herba usque ad 9 cm. alta. Folia radicalia late ovata, circiter 9 mm. longa et
6 mm. lata, margine ciliato excepto glabra, petiolo circiter 1 cm. longo
instructa; caulina oblanceolata, inferiora longe petiolata, superiora fere
sessilia, apiculata, basi cuneata, petiolo excluso 1-1 cm. longa, 3 mm.
lata, margine dentibus albis 2-4 instructa, costa pagina inferiore prominente,
superiore indistincta, nervis lateralibus pagina utraque obscuris. Racemi
terminales, 3-4-flori; bracteae foliis similes sed minores ; bracteolae
lineares, apiculatae, 2°5-4 mm. longae, margine integrae vel dentibus
duobus albis instructae. Receptaculwm tubinatum, 2 mm. altum, apice
3 mm. diametro, glabrum, 5-lobatum, lobis bisuleatis. Sepala 5, patentia,
lineari-attenuata, apiculata, 4 mm. longa, basi 1 mm. lata, glabra, margine
dentibus albis 2-4 instructa. Corolla oblongo-tubulosa, superne leviter
angustata, loborum ex adverso angulata, 1-7 cm. longa; tubus 1°4 em.
longus, basi 7 mm. apice 5°5 mm. diametro, glaber; lobi 5, erecti,
conniventes, triangulares, 8 mm. longi, 5 mm. lati, intus apice longe,
inferne breviter, patente barbati. Stamina 5, filamentis 5 mm. longis
glabris basi latissimis connatis, antheris 1:5 mm. longis. Ovarium typice
triloculare, placentis axilibus; stylus 1:4 cm. longus, maturitate apice
curvatus, albus.—W. B. Turrit.

This distinct and singular Campanula has a scattered
distribution in the Eastern Alps. Specimens collected
in Venetia, Carniola, Carinthia, Styria and Steiermark
are preserved in the Kew Herbarium. It is at home on
the limestone rocks of these provinces at an altitude of
6,500-9,000 feet above sea-level.

The peculiar shape of the corolla, with the tube con-
stricted at the mouth and erect connivent barbate lobes,

_ gives the flowers an appearance very different from those

of typical Campanulas and one not at all bell-like. The
corolla lobes are bent inwards to form a 5-sided pyramid,
and their edges and tips touch. The hairs help to close
in the edges, though these can be easily separated by
insect visitants. When mature the end of the style is
bent almost at right angles, and remains enclosed in the
corolla. The anthers dehisce introrsely, and the pollen
JUNE, 1916.

covers the hairs which invest the capitate thickening
formed by the immature style branches. The anthers
then shrivel and are retracted into the base of the flower,
while the style elongates and its end becomes bent.
The young flowers are pendulous but become erect as
they grow older. This Campanula has long been in
cultivation at Kew, and the material for our plate has
been derived from a plant in the Rock Garden. It is a
hardy perennial, which grows well and flowers freely if
given a sunny position, preferably in well-drained
gravelly soil. It is readily propagated by cuttings as
well as by its seeds which ripen fairly freely. The
greatest difficulty connected with the cultivation of this
species is its liability to be attacked by slugs, to which it ©
seems to offer a peculiar attraction.

Description.—fer}, 33-4 in. in height. Leaves:
radical broadly ovate, about 4 in. long and } in. broad,
glabrous except for the ciliate margin; petiole about } in.
long; cauline oblanceolate, the lower long-petioled, the
upper nearly sessile, apiculate, cuneate at the base,
excluding the petiole nearly 4 in. long and } in. broad,
with 2-4 white teeth on the margin, midrib prominent
below, indistinct above, lateral nerves obscure on both
suriaces. Reacemes terminal, 3-4-flowered; bracts re-
sembling the leaves but smaller ; bracteoles linear, apicu-
late, ;5—{ in. long, margin entire or with two white teeth.
fteceptacle turbinate, +5 in. high, 4 in. in diameter at the
apex, glabrous, 5-lobed, the lobes each with 2 furrows.
Sepals 5, spreading, linear-attenuate, apiculate, 4 in.
long, glabrous, with 2-4 white teeth on the margin.
Corolla oblong-tubular, slightly narrowed in the upper
part, angular opposite to the lobes, about 2 in. long;
tube over 3 in. long, over } in. wide at the base, rather
less at the apex, glabrous; lobes 5, erect, connivent,
triangular, 4 in. long, } in. broad, bearded with long
hairs at the apex within, with shorter hairs lower down.
Stamens 5; filaments 1 in. long, glabrous, very broad
and connate at the base; anthersshort. Ovary typically
trilocular with axile placentas ; style over 4 in. long,
curved at the apex when mature, white, glabrous.

_ Fig. 1, flower; 2, the same in longitudinal ne ce
dehiscence; 5, immature stigma Guan 6 and 4, stamens artes

.

Frank Series. Bc
Nos. 139, 140, 141.

‘L—JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, 1916,

- (or Nos, 1553, 1554, 1555 OF THE ENTIRE WORK.
| : CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZI

CONTAINING HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH DESCRIPTIONS, STRUCTURAL AND d
OF NEW AND RARE

AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS,

EDITED BY

SIR DAVID PRAIN, CM.G., OLE, LL.D,

Director, Ropal Botanic Garuens, Kew.

CONTENTS OF Nos. 139, 140, 144, JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, 1916, :

No, 139, fork, 1916,

Tas, 8667, _PAEONIA WILLMOTTIAE.

8668. —CIRRHOPETALUM CON CINNUM
VAR: PURPUREA.

"$669. _—RHODODENDRON HANCEANUM,
8670. —BRACHYSTELMA ‘OIAN THUM, %

No. 140, Aveust, Tees

MS§.del.J.N Fitch. lith.

LL, Reeve & C? London.

Tas. 8667.
PAEONIA WILLMOTTIAE.

China.

RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe PAKONIEAE.
Paronta, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 10.

Paeonia Willmottiae, Stapf; species nova P. obovatae, Maxim., affinis sed
foliolis majoribus exsiccando firmioribus subtus densius pilosis fere tomen-
tosis magis glaucis, floribus candidis, antheris parvulis, carpellis an
semper 5, stylis magis elongatis differt.

Herba perennis, caule glabro. Folia inferiora biternata; foliola lateralia
oblique elliptico-ovata, breviter petiolulata, uno latere in petiolulo decur-
rentia, ea segmentorum lateralium basi inaequaliter in petiolulum decur-.
rentia, terminalia elliptica- vel obovato-elliptica, longiuscule petiolulata,
omnia apice breviter contracta, superne obscure viridia et glabra, subtus
glauca et purpureo-suffusa, undique pilis albis brevibus adpressis sub-
tomentosa, majora ad 15 cm. longa, ad 8 cm. lata; petiolus et rhachis
(saltem inferne) glabra; petioluli terminales 3-5 cm. longi, pilosuli; folia
summa 38-foliolata, foliolismagis acuminatis. Flores aperti circiter 15 cm.
diametro, pedicello glabro rubescente. Sepala 4, inaequalia, late oblonga,
obtusa, valde concava, 2~3°5 cm. longa, 1°4-1°7 cm. lata, glaberrima,
laete viridia. Petala circiter 10, rotundata vel obovata, concava, interiora
multo angustiora, candida. Stamina numerosissima; filamenta purpurea,
1 cm. longa; antherae aureae, ad 4mm. longae. Carpella 5, a latere visa
lanceolata, glaberrima, viridia, sensim in stylum rubrum conicum abeuntia,
eo incluso ultra 2 cm. Jonga; stigmata a latere valde compressa, revoluta,
Folliculi oblique oblongo-ellipsoidei, ultra 2 cm. longi, 1°2 cm. diametro,
stylo 5-7 mm. longo stigmateque uncinato-revoluto coronati. Semina
fere obovoidea, circiter 8 mm. longa, 5:5-7 mm. lata, testa atra.—O. Sarr.

The Paeony here described was raised, from seed
received from China, in the garden of Miss Willmott,
of Warley Place, Essex, to whom we are indebted for
the material for our plate. The history of that seed
is somewhat obscure. The plant appeared in a pan in
which some Chinese seeds collected by Mr. E. H. Wilson
had been sown. As it seemed in the seedling stage
unlike any other species in the collection at Warley, it

was pricked off by itself and kept under observation

until it should flower. When planted out it was placed

in the collection next to P. obovata, Maxim., which had
been raised from seed obtained in Manchuria, and
seemed to be its nearest ally in the genus. That P.
Willmottiae, now described, approaches P. obovata is evi-
dent, but it is readily distinguished by its larger leaflets,

Juny, 1916,

glaucous and almost tomentose beneath, by its white
flowers, those of P. obovata being red, and by its pistils,
which considerably exceed the relatively short anthers.
Chinese specimens of P. Willmottiae in the herbarium at
Kew include two gatherings by Mr. A. Henry from
Patung and Hsinghan, in Hupeh, which show that in
the wild state its flowers are white. What appears to
be the same species has been collected by Pére Farges
at Tchan-keou in Szechuan; it has also been met with
in the same province by Mr. E. H. Wilson ‘at Fang,
where it is common in woods. The plant has thriven
well at Warley Place in an ordinary well-drained border,
and gives promise of being quite hardy.

Description.— Jer}, perennial ; stem glabrous. Leaves
twice ternate, except the uppermost; lateral leaflets
obliquely elliptic-ovate, shortly petiolulate, decurrent on
the lower side on the petiolule, terminal elliptic or
obovate-elliptic, with longer petiolules, all shortly con-
tracted at the apex, dull green and glabrous above,
glaucous, flushed with purple and uniformly sparingly
tomentose with short white hairs beneath, the larger up
to 6 in. long, 3 in. wide; petiole and rachis, at least of
the lowest leaves, quite glabrous; terminal petiolules
1{-2 in. long, slightly pilose; upper leaves 3-foliolate,
the leaflets rather more acuminate. Flowers when fully
open about 6 in. across ; pedicel glabrous, reddish. Sepals
4, unequal, wide oblong, obtuse, very concave, 3—1! in.
long, nearly 2 in. wide, quite glabrous, bright green.
Petals about 10, rounded or obovate, concave, the inner
much narrower, all pure white. Stamens very many;
filaments purple, over 4 In. long; anthers golden-yellow,
about } in. long. Carpels usually 5, lanceolate as seen
from the side, quite glabrous, green, gradually con-
tracted into a conical red style; including the style
about 7 in. long; stigma, as seen from the side, much
compressed, revolute. Follicles obliquely oblong-ellipsoid,
about | in. long, 4 in, across, crowned by the } in. long
style, and the uncinately revolute stigma. Seeds nearly
obovoid, about 4 in. long, under q in. wide; testa black.

Cran hauielee cae ota es
Figs. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, anther, nearly ripe ; 4, carpel :—all enlarged.

8668

L Reeve &Co.Lendon

| TaB. 8668.
CIRRHOPETALUM concrInNUM, var. PURPUREA.

Malay Peninsula.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe HpIDENDREAE.

CIRRHOPETALUM, Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 504.

Cirrhopetalum concinnum, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 190, et in
Hook. Ic. Plant. t. 2060, fig. B; var. purpurea, Ridl., varietas a C. concinno
typico planta majora, floribus omnino roseo-purpureo-suffusis, sepalis bre-
vioribus latioribus et labello abrupte recurvo differt.

Herba epiphytica; pseudobulbi ovoideo-oblongi, monophylli, circiter 1 cm.
longi, vaginis membranaceis vestiti. Folia oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga,
obtusa, basi subattenuata, coriacea, 8-12 cm. longa, 3-4 cm. lata. Scapi
floriferi ad basin pseudobulborum producti, graciles, suberecti, 6-8 cm.
longi; umbellae multiflorae; bracteae ovato-lanceolatae, acuminatae, 4-5
mm. longae. lores parvi, roseo-purpurei. Sepala: posticum ovato-
ellipticum, valde concavum, apice setaceo-acuminatum, 0°5 cm. longum,
margine longe ciliatum; lateralia fere ad apicem connata, late oblonga,
apice subacuta et recurva, 1-1°3 cm. longa. Petala late ovata, subacuta,
3°5-4 mm. longa, margine longe ciliata. Labellwm recurvum, carnosum,
ovato-oblongum, acutum, 3°5—4 mm. longum, margine integrum. Colwmna
oblonga, 2 mm. longa, margine membranacea, dentes minuti obtusi.—
Bulbophyllum pulchellum, Ridl., var. purpwreum, Ridl. Mat. Fl. Malay
Penins. vol. i. p. 83.—R. A. Roure.

Cirrhopetalum concinnum was originally based on
Singapore material collected by Mr. H. N. Ridley, late
Director of the Singapore Botanic Garden. Sir Joseph

Hooker regarded it as an ally of C. Roxburghii, Lindl,
_ an imperfectly-known species from the Gangetic Delta.
Mr. Ridley, who refers Cirrhopetalum to a section of
Bulbophyllum, afterwards described it as Bulhophyllum
pulchellum, Ridl., citing C. coneinnum as a synonym.
According to him the species is found also in Johor and —
Selangor, on the Malay Peninsula, and is very variable. ~
At the same time he added the varieties purpurea and
brachypetala, the former from Penang Hill and the islands
south of Singapore, and the latter, which he remarks
may be a distinct species, from the Langkawi Islands.
The plant here figured was sent to Kew from Kuala
Lumpur, Malay Peninsula, by Mr. E. Seimund, and
flowered in the collection in May, 1915, when it was

Juny, 1916.

recognized by Mr. Ridley as his var. purpurea. It differs
from the type in having flowers of a uniform bright
rose-purple, in having broader lateral sepals, and in
being a somewhat larger plant. On the whole it seems
most nearly allied to C. gamosepalum, Griff., another very
variable species, but is smaller in all its parts. The plant
thrives in a tropical house under conditions and treat-
ment suitable for other species of the genus Cirrhopetalum.

Description. —J/erb, epiphytic ; pseudobulbs ovoid-
oblong, 1-foliate, about } in. long, clothed with mem-
branous sheaths. Leaves oblong or elliptic-oblong,
obtuse, somewhat narrowed at the base, coriaceous, 3—5
in. long, 14-1} in. wide. Scapes produced at the base
of the pseudobulbs, slender, suberect, 23-3 in. long;
umbels many-flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acu-
minate, 4 in. long. lowers rather small, rose-purple.
Sepals: the posterior ovate-elliptic, very concave, with a
setaceous-acuminate tip, } in. long, margin ciliate-
fringed ; lateral connate almost to the tip, wide oblong,
tip subacute and recurved, about 3 in. long. Petals wide
ovate, subacute, about } in. long, margin ciliate-fringed.
Lip recurved, fleshy, ovate-oblong, acute, about } in.
long, margin entire. Column oblong, ;!, in. long, margin
membranous, teeth minute, blunt.

Fig. 1, a flower; 2, petal; 3, li ¥ a ‘ :
6 polilnin sail belived. ; 3, lip and column; 4, lip; 5, anther-case;

8669

MS. del. JN Pitch bth Vincent Broaks Day de Son La*amp. :

L.Reeve & C? London

4
“S

Tas. 8669.
RHODODENDRON Hanceanvm.

Szechuan.

Erricackak. Tribe RHopDOREAE,

RuopopEnpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron Hanceanum, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 24
(1889); Hemsl. et H. H. Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 115; Rehder et
E. H. Wils. in Sargent; Pl. Wilsonianae, vol.i. p. 517 (1918) ; Bean, Tree
& Shrubs, vol. ii. 860, et in Kew Bull. 1914, p. 202, cum icon; affinis-
R. ambiguo, Hemsl., sed calyce semper bene evoluto differt.

Frutex parvus usque ad 1 m. altus; ramuli breves, nigro-punctati, demtum
longitudinaliter verrucosi, apicem versus foliati. Folia ovato-lanceolata
vel elliptico-lanceolata, basi obtusissima vel rotundata, apice sensim et
acute acuminata, 4-8 cm. longa, 1°5-3°5 em. lata, rigide coriacea, supra
viridia, impresse reticulata et nigro-punctata, infra pallida et minute
lepidota ; costa supra impressa, infra prominens; nervi laterales utrin-
secus 8-9, prominenter conjuncti, utrinque prominuli; petioli 5-7 mm.
longi, crassi. Injflorescentia breviter racemosa, 6—9-flora ; perulae oblongo-
ovatae, acute acuminatae, circiter 7 mm. longae et 5 mm. latae, rube-
scentes, glabrae; bracteae lineari-spatulatae, circiter 1:5 mm. longae,
superne Ciliatae ; pedicelli 1 cm. longi, lepidoto-glandulosi. Flores flavo-
albi. Calycis lobi oblongi, apice rotundati, 4-6 mm. longi, 1°5-2°5 mm.
lati, membranacei, margine lepidoti vel ciliati. Corolla tubulosa, 5-loba;
tubus 1-1°5 cm. longus, glaber ; lobi ovato-oblongi, apice rotundati, 0-8—
1 cm. longi. Stamina 10, longe exserta; filamenta valde inaequalia,
usque ad 3 cm. longa, inferne pilosa; antherae carmineae, 3-5 mm. longae.
Ovariwm 5-loculare, cylindricum, dense lepidotum; stylus filamentis aequi-
longus, gracilis, glaber, stigmate capitato 2 mm. diametro coronatus.
Fructus brevissimus, 0°8 cm. longus, arcte lepidotus, calyce persistente
circumdatus, styli basi persistente coronatus.—J. HurcHinson,.

This dwarf Rhododendron is a native of Szechuan in
China, and was originally met with by the Rev. E. Faber
on Mt. Omei in 1887. The plant figured was raised from
seed collected by Mr. E. H. Wilson in Western China in
1908, and presented to Kew by the Arnold Arboretum ;
this plant agrees well with the type from Mt. Omei.

According to Rehder and Wilson the leaves vary from
obovate to lanceolate or lanceolate-ovate in shape, from

shining to dull green above, and from densely to spar-
ingly lepidote. In cultivation it varies in colour, of
flower in different plants from creamy white to yellow.
A notable characteristic of the plant is the hard stiff

texture of its foliage. This species in its native habitat
JuLy, 1916,

is locally plentiful, forming dense dwarf thickets. So far
as may be judged from its behaviour in cultivation,
R. Hanceanum is quite hardy. It thrives well in a peaty
soil or in sandy loam with leaf-mould, and flowers: in
March or April, according to the season. Among the
forms grown in gardens as &. Hanceanum is one treated
by Rehder and Wilson as belonging to the type, which
has smaller leaves than in the Mt. Omei plant, more
obovate and rounded at the tip; the style in this is
slightly hairy at the base. This form appears at least
a well-marked variety; with fuller material it may even
prove a distinct species.

DEscription.—Shrub, dwarf or up to 3 ft. high; twigs.
short, dark punctate, ultimately longitudinally warted,
leafy towards the top. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-
lanceolate, base very blunt or rounded, tip gradually
acutely acuminate, 13-3 in. long, 2-11 in. wide, firmly
coriaceous, above green, dark punctate with sunk vena-
tion, pale and finely lepidote beneath ; midrib impressed
above, raised beneath; lateral nerves 8-9 along each
side, distinctly looped, rather raised on both surfaces ;
petiole about } in. long, stout. Inflorescence shortly
racemose, 6—9-flowered ; bud-scales oblong-ovate, acutely
acuminate, about } in. long and } in. wide, reddish,
glabrous ; bracts linear-spathulate, about 2 in. long,
ciliate upwards; pedicels 1 in. long, glandular-lepidote.
flowers yellowish-white. Calyx 5-lobed; lobes oblong,
rounded at the tip, 1-1 in. long, ;',—;5 in. wide, mem-
branous, margin lepidote or ciliate. Corolla tubular,
5-lobed ; tube 1-2 in. long, glabrous; lobes ovate-oblong,
rounded at the tip, about 3 in. long. Stamens 10, far
exserted ; filaments very unequal, the longest about 1} in.
long, pilose below; anthers carmine, } in. long. Ovary
5-celled, cylindric, densely lepidote, style as long as the
filaments, slender, glabrous ; stigma capitate, ;!, in. wide.
Fruit 4 in. long, closely lepidote, encompassed by the
persistent calyx and tipped by the persistent style-base.

Fig. 1, upper surface of leaf showin :

g the black spots; 2, lower surface ©:

Sie ant enlarged scales; 3, calyx and pistil; 4, selene ovary and part of
yx ; 5, stamens ; 6, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

Son Lit? imp.
Vincent Brooks,Day & SonLte pnp

M.S. del. TN. Pitch iy Y

L Reeve & C°London,

Tas. 8670. ;
BRACHYSTELMA orantHum.
é South Africa.

ASCLEPIADACEAE, Tribe CEROPEGIEBAE,

Bracuystetma, 2. Br.; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 781.

Brachystelma oianthum, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. vol. xx. Beibl. 51,
p. 53; N. EH. Br. in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. iv. sect. i. p. 888 ; species B. cam-
panulato, N. E. Br., valde affinis, sed corolla pilis longis albis vel atro-
purpureis instructa, lobis haud ciliatis distinguitur.

Herba tuberosa ; tuber planum, circiter 5 cm. diametro; caulis erectus, simplex
vel sparse ramosus, pubescens. Folia lanceolata, elliptico-lanceolata vel
elliptico-oblanceolata, acuta, 1°25-5 em. longa, fere 2 em. lata, breviter
petiolata, minute ciliata, plus minusve pubescentia. Flores solitarii,
nutantes vel horizontales. Calycis segmenti lanceolati vel ovato-lanceo-
lati, acuti, 5 mm. longi, sparse pubescentes. Corolla ovoideo-campanulata,
breviter 5-loba, extra glabra, viridi-flava, maculis atropurpureis instructa ;
tubus ad 2°4 cm. longus (saepissime brevior) et 2°5 cm. diametro, intus
pilis longis albis vel atropurpureis instructus; lobi 5, deltoidei, acuti,

- circiter 5 mm. longi et 5 mm. lati, longe ciliati. Coronae segmenti quinque,
et in cupulam connati, trilobi, lobis lateralibus (exterioribus) 10 deltoideis

el obtusis, lobis intermediis (interioribus) 5 ad antherarum dorsa adpressis,
ea haud excedentibus.—W. B. Turriu..

ae The Brachystelma here figured is a native of the Orange
: River Colony, which has been in cultivation in England
since 1912, when it was presented to Kew by Dr. R.
Marloth, Cape Town. During the period which has
elapsed since it was received all its parts have increased
in size to a considerable extent. The leaves are now
longer and wider and less hirsute than they were during
its first season, and the flowers, produced for the first
time in May, 1915, are much larger than those in any
of the wild specimens‘from its native habitat in the Kew
collection or in those on which Dr. Schlechter based his
_ original account of B. oianthum. The species thrives well
in a warm greenhouse under the conditions as to soil and
water which are suitable for the South African species of
Stapelia. The species of the genus Brachystelma display
considerable variety in the shape of the corolla. The
majority are without a distinct corolla-tube, the flower
then being saucer-shaped or quite flat. The other
Juty, 1916, oe

extreme is exemplified in B. ovanthum, with its ovoid-
campanulate or subglobose corolla. Between the two
limits an almost unbroken series of intermediate con-
ditions may be met with. In the species figured the
structure of the corona is peculiar: the lobes are in two
series, but unite to form a cupule apparently composed
of five broad 3-lobed: segments. What appear to be the
lateral lobes of each segment really represent the con-
stituents of a 10-lobed outer corona, while the five ~
intermediate lobes represent the inner corona, the
members of which are opposite to and closely applied to
the back of the corresponding anthers. The ten lateral
lobes are contiguous in pairs which alternate with the
intermediate lobes, and may thus owe their origin to

fission of five outer corona-lobes alternate with the five
inner ones.

Description.—//erb ; tuber flat, about 2 in. across;

stem erect, simple or sparingly branched, pubescent.
_ Leaves lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic-oblanceo-
late, acute, $-2 in. long, nearly 3 in. wide, short-petioled, -
minutely ciliate, more or less pubescent. lowers soli-
tary, nodding or horizontal. Caly«c 5-lobed; segments
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, } in. long, sparingly
pubescent. Corolla ovoid-campanulate, shortly 5-lobed,
glabrous outside, greenish-yellow with dark purple spots ;
tube sometimes nearly 1 in. long, usually shorter, 1 in.
wide, beset inside with long white or dark purple hairs ;
lobes 5, deltoid, acute, about 4 in. long and wide, long-
ciliate. Corona of 5 segments united in a cupule, each
segment 3-lobed, the 10 lateral lobes representing an
outer series deltoid obtuse, the 5 intermediate lobes

representing an inner series adpressed to the backs of,
and not longer than, the anthers.

Fig. 1, bud; 2, corolla in lon itudi : A dyes
4, ’ "pea gitudinal section; 8, a single corolla-lo e5
penton ba nostegium ; 5, pollen-masses :—all enlarged except 2, which is

of
Eatiy
ht, 1 ATT : .
ere

Jay & Son Lt?4-ump.

M.S. del. J N Fitch lith. : Vincent Brook

L.. Reeve & C9 London

Tas. 8671.
PANDANUS FuRCATUS.
India.

PANDANACEAE,

Panpanus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 949; Warburg,
Pandanaceae in Engl, Pflanzenreich, vol. iv. pars 9, p. 43.

Pandanus furcatus, Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 71 (nomen nudum) ; FI. Ind. ed.
Carey, vol. iii. p. 744; Mig. Anal. Bot. Ind, vol. iii. p. 10, tab. ii. ; Fl. Ind.-
Bat. vol. iii. p. 162, tab. 37 ; Carriére in Rev. Hort. 1879, p. 290, cum icon.
col.; Solms-Laubach in Linnaea, vol. xlii. p. 18; Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
vol. vi. 484; Warburg. 1. c. p. 75, figs. 21 a-c, ex parte; Martelli in
Webbia, vol. iv. pars i. p. 15, tab. 29, figs. 5-8; inter species sectionis
Rykiae syncarpia solitaria et stylos fureatos possidentes drupis cylindraceis
oe late pyramidatis stylis longiusculis depressis haud alte furcatis

istinctus.

Arbor 3-4 m. (rarius ad 10 m.) alta, superne parce divaricato-ramosa, basi
radices aerias crassas trunco subadpressas emittens, cortice leviter annulato
cinereo radicum cicatricibus notato. Folia linearia, longe tenuiter acumi-
nata, 3-5 m. longa, 5-10 cm. lata, coriacea, ad margines spinis 3-4 mm.
longis basi latis complanatis armata, tessellato-venosa. Injlorescentia 6
terminalis, pendula; spadices cylindrici, spathis longioribus late lanceolatis
breviter acuminatis aureis coriaceis spinoso-marginatis suffulti, spicatim
dispositi. Stamina 9-13, monadelpha, filamentis liberis brevibus,
antheris cuspidatis. Spadix ? solitarius vel pauci racemose dispositi,
floribus ad pistilla reductis densissime onusti. Ovariwm cylindricum,
apice rotundatum, stylo sursum depresso breviter furcato. Syncarpiwm
oblongum vel ellipsoideo-oblongum, 15-45 cm. longum, fusco-auran-
tiacum vel croceo-rubescens, carnoso-fibrosum. Drwpae connatae, 5-6-
gono-cylindraceae, vertice pyramidato-convexo stylo osseo-indurato spinoso
nitenti fusco coronato.—P. horridus, Bl. Cat. Jav. Buitenz. p. 111.
P,. Houlletii, Carr. in Rev. Hort. (1868), p. 212. P. spinifructus, Dennst.
Schluess. Hort. Malab. p. 27. P. D’Haenei, Kew Hand-List Tender Mono-
cots, ed. 2 (1915), p. 181, vix Le Coq, Rev. Hort. Belg. vol. x. (1884), p. 234,
fig.22. Rykia furcata, de Vriesein Versl. Akad. Wet. vol. ii. (1854), p. 203,
et Hook. Journ. Bot. vol. vi. (1854), p. 268.—O. Srapr.

The Screw Pine here figured is one which was pur-
chased for the Kew Collection in 1888 from Mr. A.
d’Haene, nurseryman, Ghent, as P. D’Haenei, Le Coq,
said to be a species introduced from Madagascar by
means of seeds dbtained by Mr. L. Humblot prior to
1884. It has been in cultivation at Kew, since its
acquisition, in the Palm House along with other species
of the genus, and although it never quite resembled the
plant of which a figure has been given by Mr. Le Cog, it

Aveust, 1916,

situation it grows well, and it can be increased quite
easily either by seeds or by cuttings. V. betulifolium
belongs to a group of closely allied red-fruited species
from China, and is most nearly related to V. lobophyllum,
Graebner, nor is it easy to find constant characters
to separate the two plants. The best probably is the
shape of the nut, which in V. betulifolium is smaller and
nearly circular in outline, in V. lobophyllum ovate, taper-
ing to a point at one end and more deeply grooved.
The leaves of V. lobophyllum, also, are more uniformly
rounded at the base and less deeply toothed. We do
not find that the relative lengths of the style and calyx-
lobes, the length of the peduncles or the pubescence of
the leaves, afford reliable characters.

Description.—Shrub of bushy habit, probably 4 to 6
ft. high ; young wood purplish-brown, glabrous. Leaves
ovate and ovate-oblong to broadly rhomboid, acute or
acuminate, usually breadly cuneate, sometimes rounded
at the base, coarsely dentate in the terminal two-thirds,
13-54 in. long, 1-31 in. wide; main veins in 4-6 pairs
running out to the tips of the teeth; dark green above
and glabrous except for a line of stellate pubescence
when young on the midrib and chief veins; pale beneath,
with tufts of stellate pubescence in the vein-axils and on
the midrib and veins : by the time the fruit is ripe the
leaves are nearly or quite glabrous ; petioles 1] in. long,

at first pubescent and furnished near the base with two

small subulate stipules x in. long. Corymbs terminal,

T-rayed, 2-43 in. wide ; peduncles 4-1 in. long, glabrous

or slightly pubescent, stibdivided three or four times.

Flowers white, crowded, ,', in. wide; pedicels glandular,

rae :
sim. long. Calyx minute, its five lobes sparingly ciliate.
Corolla 5-lobed : lobes orbicular., Sena 5, ipanet than
the corolla; anthers yellow. Ovary glandular; style
about twice as long as the calyx-lobes. Fruit a red

globose drupe, + in. wide; stone compressed, roundish.

Fig. 1, flowers ; 2, calyx and pistil; 8, stamens :—all enlarged.

lanceolate, shortly acuminate, coriaceous, with spines
along the margins. Stamens 9-13, monadelphous, with
the free portion of the filaments very short; anthers
cuspidate. emale spadix solitary, or a few spadices
together racemosely arranged, densely beset with numer-
ous individual flowers reduced to simple pistils. Ovary
cylindric, rounded at the tip; style depressed and shortly
2-furcate towards the tip. Cone oblong or ellipsoid
oblong, 6-18 in. long, orange-brown or reddish-yellow,
fleshy and fibrous. Drupes connate, nearly cylindric
but slightly 5—6-angled, with a pyramidal-convex apex,
crowned by the bone-hard 2-spinous style.

Fig. 1, immature fruits ; 2, style and stigma; 3, section through the ovary ;
4, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 4, which is much reduced.

S672

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L Reeve & C° London

. Tas. 8672.
VIBURNUM BETULIFOLIUM.
Central China.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE, Tribe SaMBUCEAE.
Visurnoum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 3.

Viburnum betulifolium, Batalin in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. xiii. p. 371 (1894) ;
Rehder in Sargent, Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 99, t. 147 (1908) ;
C. K. Schneider, Handb. der Laubolzk. vol. ii. p. 648; Bean, Trees ¢
Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 648 (1914) ; species V. lobophylio, Graebner, quam maxime
affinis, foliis basi saepissime cuneatis margine altius dentatis, pyrenis
minoribus compresso-rotundatis obtusis nec ovoideis subacutis distincte
sulcatis distinguenda.

Fruter 1°5-2-metralis, novellis purpureo-brunneis glabris. Folia ovata,
ovato-oblonga vel late rhomboidea, acuta vel acuminata, basi saepissime
late cuneata nonnunquam rotundata, margine nisi triente basali grosse
dentata, 4-13 cm. longa, 2°5-8 cm. lata, nervis primariis 4-6-jugis ad
dentium apices terminantibus, supra saturate viridia primum secus costam
nervosque stellato-pubescentia, infra pallidiora primum in venarum angulis
et secus costam nervosque floccose stellato-pubescentia, adulta utrinque
glabrescentia vel glabra; petioli 0°8-2°5 cm. longa, primum pubescentes
demum glabri; stipulae subulatae, deciduae, 3 mm. longae. Corymbi
terminales, 7-radii, 5-11 cm. lati; pedunculi 0°6-2°5 cm. longi, glabri vel
parce pubescentes, ter quaterve furcetim ramosi. Flores albi, congesti,
5 mm. lati; pedicelli glandulosi, 3 mm. longi. Calyx minutus; lobi 5,
parce ciliati. Corolla 5-loba; lobi orbiculares. Stamina 5, petalis
longiora; antherae luteae. Ovariwm glandulosum; stylus calycis lobos.
duplo excedens. Fructus ruber, drupaceus, globosus, 6 mm. latus; pyrena
compressa, subrotunda.—V. Willeanwm, Graebner in Engl. Bot, Jahrb.
vol. xxix. p. 589 (1901).—W. J. Bran.

The plant of Viburnum betulifolium from which our
material for figuring was obtained was raised from seed
collected by Mr. E. H. Wilson, near Ichang, in November,
1907. The seed was presented to Kew the following spring
by the Arnold Arboretum. The plants then raised have
grown vigorously, and are now three to four feet high.
This species is the most ornamental of all the new decidu-
ous ones from Central and Western China, so far as their
qualities have up to the present been displayed at Kew.
It has no particular merit in regard to its blossom, but
about the middle of October, when laden with its heavy
clusters of bright red fruits, it is one of the most attrac-
tive of shrubs. Given a good loamy soil and a moist

Aveust, 1916.

situation it grows well, and it can be increased quite
easily either by seeds or by cuttings. V. betulifolium
belongs to a group of closely allied red-fruited species
from China, and is most nearly related to V. lobophyllum,
Graebner, nor is it easy to find constant characters .
to separate the two plants. The best probably is the
shape of the nut, which in V. betulifolium is smaller and
nearly circular in outline, in V. lobophyllum ovate, taper-
ing to a point at one end and more deeply grooved.
The leaves of V. lobophyllum, also, are more uniformly
rounded at the base and less deeply toothed. We do
not find that the relative lengths of the style and calyx-
lobes, the length of the peduncles or the pubescence of
_ the leaves, afford reliable characters.

Description.—Shrub of bushy habit, probably 4 to 6
ft. high ; young wood purplish-brown, glabrous. Leaves
ovate and ovate-oblong to broadly rhomboid, acute or
acuminate, usually brcadly cuneate, sometimes rounded
at the base, coarsely dentate in the terminal two-thirds,
15-54 in. long, 1-31 in. wide; main veins in 4-6 pairs
running out to the tips of the teeth; dark green above
and glabrous except for a line of stellate pubescence
when young on the midrib and chief veins; pale beneath,
with tufts of stellate pubescence in the vein-axils and on
the midrib and veins: by the time the fruit is ripe the
leaves are nearly or quite glabrous ; petioles 4—1 in. long,
at first pubescent and furnished near the base with two
small subulate stipules } in. long. Corymbs terminal,
i-rayed, 2-4} in. wide ; peduncles }-1 in. long, glabrous
or slightly pubescent, subdivided three or four times.
Flowers white, crowded, 4°, in. wide ; pedicels glandular,
xin. long. Calyx minute, its five lobes sparingly ciliate.
Corolla 5-lobed ; lobes orbicular. Stamens 5, longer than
the corolla; anthers yellow. Ovary glandular; style
about twice as long as the calyx-lobes. Fruit a red
globose drupe, | in. wide ; stone compressed, roundish.

Fig. 1, flowers ; 2, calyx and pistil; 3, stamens :—all enlarged.

M.S. del .JN.Titch lith.

L.Reeve &C ° London.

8673

Se...

Vincent Brooke,Day & SonLtimp

Tas. 8673.
EUPHORBIA Caput-MEDUSAE.
South Africa.

EUPHORBIACEAE. Tribe EupHoRBIEAR.

Eupuorsia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 258.

Euphorbia Caput-Medusae, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, p. 452, Amoen. Acad.
vol. iii. p. 110, et Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. ii. p. 330; Mill. Gard. Dict.
ed. 8, no. 7; Att. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, vol. ii. p.185; Lodd, Bot. Cab. t. 1815;
Boiss. in DC. Prodr. vol. xv. pars ii. p. 86; K. Schum. in Monatsschr.
Kakt. vol. viii. pp. 53, 54; Berger:in Monatsschr. Kakt. vol. viii. p. 91, e¢
Sukk, Euphorb. p. 110, fig. 29; Marloth in Wissensch. Ergebn. Deutsch
Tiefsee-Exped. vol. ii. pars iii. t.9; N. E. Br. in- Kew Bull. 1912, p. 246,
cum tab., et in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. v. pt. ii. p. 239; species habitu insigne
et appendicibus involucri conspicuis albis distincta.

Frutex succulenta nana, Caulis subglobosus, usque ad 15-20 em. diametro,
apice depresso, ramis numerosissimis rosulatis dense obtectus. Rami
interiores suberecti, 5-10 cm. longi, exteriores patuli 15-37 cm. longi,
1-7-2°5 (nonnunquam an ex norma ad 4) cm. crassi, cylindrici, tuber-
culati, glabri, virides, tuberculis 3-5 mm. prominentibus obtusis. Folia
3-5 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, linearia, acuta vel obtusa, crassa, supra plana
vel subcanaliculata, subtus valde convexa, glabra. Pedunculi 3-10 mm.
longi, ex axillis tuberculorum ad apicem ramorum enati, crassi, minute
bracteolati, persistentes, virides. Involwerwm 10-12 mm. diametro, extra
glabrum; lobi subquadrati, denticulati, intra pubescentes, extra’ glabri,
fusco-purpurei; glandes virides, appendicibus petaloideis albis in lobos
3-6 palmatim divisis vel transversim oblongis et denticulatis. Ovarium
subsessile, obtuse trigonum, glabrum; styli 2-5 mm. longi, ad medium
vel fere ad apicem connati, erectii—EH. Fructus-Pini, Mill. Gard. Dict.
ed. 8, no. 10. EH. Medusae, Thunb. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 86, et FI. Cap. ed.
Schult. p. 404. EH. tessellata, Sweet, Hort. Suburb. Lond. p. 107. E.
Fructus-Pini var. geminata, Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 1, p. 856. E. Com-
melint, DC. Cat, Pl. Hort. Monspel. p. 110; Spreng. Syst. vol. iii. p. 787.
Medusea Fructus-Pini, M. major et M. tessellata, Haw. Synop. pp. 184, 135 ;
Klotzsch & Garcke in Abhandl. Akad. Berlin, 1860, p. 61. Tithymalus

_azotdes Africanus simplict squamato caule, Comm. Praelud. Bot. p. 57,
fig. 7. Huphorbium procumbens ramis plurimis, dc., et E. procumbens
ramis geminatis, éc., Burm. Rar. Afr. Pl. pp. 17, 18, tt. 8, 9. Euphorbium
anacanthum angusto Polygoni folio, var. 1 et 2 tantum, Isnard in Mém.
Acad. Roy. Sci. Paris, 1720, pp. 386, 387.—N. E. Brown.

This Euphorbia is a native of South Africa which has.
been known in European succulent collections for over
two centuries. Its early introduction is doubtless due to
its occurrence on the mountains near Cape Town, to which

it appears to be confined. Althoughthe name E. Caput-
Avaust, 1916.

Medusae was published by Linnaeus more than a century
and a half ago, there was long some doubt as to its
precise incidence, owing to the fact that the author cited
under his description figures which represent five distinct
species. But, as Mr. Brown has elsewhere pointed out,
the plant Linnaeus had in view must have been one in
the garden of Mr. George Clifford; that plant must
have come from near Cape Town; the only species from
there which agrees with the description of Linnaeus
is that now depicted. The specimen figured was grown
in the garden of Lady Hanbury at La Mortola, Venti-
miglia, where it flowered in March, 1916; it only differs
from the wild plant in having considerably thicker
branches. The sketch which accompanies our figure has
been reduced from a photograph of a living specimen,
eighteen inches across, obtained by Mr. E. Pillans in
December, 1911, on the slopes of the Lion’s Head near
Cape Town. Like the other members of its section,
FE. Caput-Medusae is easily grown in this country under
ordinary greenhouse conditions.

DescripTion.—Shrub, dwarf, succulent; stem sub-
globose, sometimes 6-8 in. thick, depressed at the top
and giving off many rosulate branches, the central more
or less erect, 2-4 in. long, the outer spreading, 6—15 in.
long, all as a rule 2-1 in., but sometimes 1} in., thick,
cylindric, tuberculate, glabrous, green; tubercles blunt,
s~5 in. high. Leaves }-} in. long, narrow linear, acute or
obtuse, thick, flat or channelled above, very convex
beneath, glabrous. Peduncles 1-1 in. long, in the axils
of the tubercles near the ends of the branches,. thick,
minutely bracteoled, persistent, green. Jnvolucre 1} in.
across, glabrous outside ; lobes almost quadrate, denticu-
late, pubescent within, glabrous outside, tawny-purple ;
glands green, their appendages petaloid, white, palmately
3—6-lobed or transversely oblong and denticulate. Ovary
almost sessile, bluntly trigonous, glabrous; styles ;!,-} in.
long, connate to or beyond the middle, erect.

Fig. 1, involucre, with bracts on pedicel ; 2, the same, from above; 3, portion
of an involucre, showing inflexed lobes and intervening gland with appendages ;
4, male flowers, with bracteoles ; 5, female flower ; 6, sketch, from photograph,
of an entire plant :—all enlarged except 6, which is much reduced.

M.S. del.J.N Fitch lith.

L. Reeve &C ? London.

8674

: Lt imp-
Vincert. Brooks Day &Son P

ss

Tas. 8674A.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM TRANSVAALENSE.
South Africa.

FicorpEaAE. Tribe MESEMBRYEAE.

Mrsemprvanruemum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook, f, Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 858.

Mesembryanthemum (§ Aloidea) transvaalense, Rolfe; species nova M. albi-—
punctato, Haw., affinis, sed foliis patentibus vel subreflexis, floribus
majoribus, petalis rubro-lineatis et stylis clavatis differt.

Herba parva, acaulis, Folia 8-11, patentia vel subreflexa, lineari-oblonga,
subacuta, integra, crassa, nitida, viridia, crebre et minute verruculosa,
2-5-4 em. longa, 0°5-0°6 om. lata, 0°4-0°5 cm. crassa, supra planiuscula
vel subconcava, subtus convexa, vix carinata, apice incurvula, triquetro-
compressa. Flores subsessiles, expansi 2°5-3 cm. diametro. Calyx late
campanulatus; lobi late deltoideo-ovati, acuti, 0°6-0°7 cm. longi, minute
verruculosi, margine membranacei. Petala numerosissima, patentia vel
subreflexa, circiter 1 cm. longa, lutea, medio rubro-lineata. Stamina
numerosa, erecta; filamenta albida; antherae flavidae. Styli 10, erecti,
apice patentes, subclavati.—R. A. Rotre.

For the introduction to our succulent collections of
the Mesembryanthemum here described horticulture is
indebted to the officers of the Department of Agriculture
of the Transvaal, by whom it was presented to Kew in
1910. It is a native of the Transvaal, where it was
originally obtained by Mr. J. Burtt Davy in the Smitz-
kraal-Boshof district. In its native habitat it is met
with growing on a brown loam; under cultivation at
Kew it has thriven well under the conditions suitable
for other South African species. It flowered for the
first time in June, 1915, and proved then to be a hitherto
uncharacterized species. A member of the Aloidea
section of its genus, M. transvaalense calls. to mind
M. vittatum, N. E. Br., and M. rubro-lineatum, N. E. Br.,
two species in which the petals are similarly marked
with a central red line. In all other characters, however,
it is more nearly allied to M. albipunctatum, Haw., a
species introduced many years ago from some locality
in South Africa which has not been definitely recorded,
though it is known that the plant was found not far

Avueust, 1916.

from the coast. From M. albipunctatum, however, the
species now figured is readily distinguished by its more
spreading leaves, its larger, differently coloured flowers
and its more distinctly clavate styles.

Description.—Herb, small and stemless. Leaves 8-11,
spreading or somewhat reflexed, linear-oblong, subacute,
entire, thick, shining green, closely and finely warted,
1-1} in. long, }-1 in. wide, 1-} in. thick, flattish or
somewhat concave above, convex, but hardly keeled
beneath, slightly incurved at the tip, compressed tri-
angular. lowers nearly sessile, 1-14 in. across. Calyx
wide campanulate; lobes wide deltoid-ovate, acute,
about 4 in. long, finely warted, margin membranous.
Petals very many, spreading or somewhat reflexed, about
4 in. long, yellow, with a red central line. Stamens
numerous, erect; filaments whitish; anthers yellowish.

nee 10, erect, spreading and somewhat clavate at the
ip.

Fig. 1, apex of leaf; 2 and 8, stamens; 4, apex of ovary, with styles :—all
enlarged,

Tas. 8674B.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM tvuseEercuLosum.
South Africa.

Ficomigaz. Tribe MESEMBRYEAR.

MEsEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 853.

Mesembryanthemum (§ Ringentia) tuberculosum, Rolfe; species nova &
M. tigrino, Haw., foliorum facie supero tuberculis obtusis albidulis
instructo marginibus sparse spinosis et stylis basi connatis apice valde
recurvis differt.

Herba parva, acaulis. Folia 6-8, subpatentia, deltoideo-ovata, subobtusa,
viridia, 2-2°5 cm. longa, 1°5-2 cm. lata, 1 em. crassa, supra subconvexa,
tuberculis obtusis albidulis instructa, subtus convexa, minute albido-
punctata, apice triquetro-compressa. Flores subsessiles, expansi circiter
4 cm. diametro, Calyx campanulatus; lobi oblongi, 1 cm. longi. Petala
numerosissima, patentia, lutea, 1°3-1'5 cm. longa. Styli 5, basi connati,
apice valde recurvi, papillosi—R,. A. Rotre.

The attractive Mesembryanthemum figured on the lower
portion of our plate is one for whose introduction horti-
culture is indebted to Mr. N.S. Pillans of Cape Town,
by whom it was communicated some ten years ago, along
with several other species, to Mr. G. Elisha, Canonbury
Park Road North, London. The example of the species
now described, which was labelled as being from Nama-
qualand, arrived in a condition which rendered cultiva-
tion impossible. Two seed capsules, however, were still
attached to the plant; these were removed and kept
until the following spring, when the seeds were separated
and sown in a small pan half filled with soil and lightly ©
covered with a layer of fine earth and sand. The pan,
covered with a sheet of glass, was placed in a sunny spot
in a greenhouse, and by the end of the summer five small
but vigorous plants were raised. The appearance of the
plants called to mind J. tigrinum, Haw., but from the
outset it was realised that they could hardly be that
species, the leaves being of a much darker green. The
appearance on the later-formed leaves of the small raised
points, which became more pronounced during the

following season, made it certain that this Namaqua
Auaust, 1916,

plant was not M. tigrinum, but no suggestion as to its
identity could be offered. With a view to its ultimate
determination one of the five plants was presented to
the Kew collection, where it has thriven well under the
conditions suitable for other members of the genus.
This plant flowered for the first time in October, 1913,
and forms the subject of our illustration. It proves to be.
a hitherto undescribed member of the Ringentia section,
nearest, as was originally surmised, to M. tigrinum. The
leaves, however, besides being of a darker green, are less
strongly marginally toothed, while the upper surface,
instead of being smooth, is tuberculate, each tubercle
having a white central spot. The flowers in M. tuber-
culosum are larger, and the styles are united below in a
column, their upper free portion being strongly recurved,

whereas in MM. tigrinum the styles are free and nearly
erect throughout.

Dzscription.— Herb, small and stemless. Leaves 6-8,
somewhat spreading, deltoid-ovate, rather blunt, green,
¢-1 in. long, 3-} in. wide, over 1 in. thick, somewhat
convex above and beset with blunt, whitish tubercles,
convex beneath and finely white-punctate, tip com-
_pressed-triangular. Flowers nearly sessile, 14 in. across.

Calyx campanulate; lobes oblong, over i in. long.
Petals very many, spreading, yellow, 1-2 in. long.

Styles 5, connate at the base, much recurved above,
papillose.

Figs. 5 and 6, anthers ; 7, style and stigma :—all enlarged.

75

86

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Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Lit Fimp

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L Reeve & C? London.

Tas. 8675.
RHODODENDRON MonosEemMatum.
Western China. .

Ericackaz. Tribe RHoporEAg.
RwopopenDRON, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron monosematum, Hutchinson; species nova affinis R. pachy-
tricho, Franch., sed ramulis et petiolis pilis rigidis apice glandulosis setosis,
foliorum costa infra glabra, calyce extra glanduloso-piloso differt.

Frutex; ramuli hornotini purpurascentes, basin versus glabrescentes, superne
dense foliati et pilis longis glandulosis nigrescentibus dense induti. Folia
oblonga, basi inaequaliter rotundata, apice abrupte et subacute acuminata,
8-11 cm. longa, 2-3°5 cm. lata, acumine circiter 0°5 cm. longo, rigide
coriacea, supra viridia et sicco arcte impresse reticulata, infra pallidiora,
subtiliter reticulata, utrinque glabra ; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 15,
utrinque prominuli, intra marginem conjuncti et valde ramosi; petioli
1°5 cm. longi, basin versus hispidi. Inflorescentia terminalis, circiter
12-flora; bracteae extra sericeae; pedicelli 1°5-2 cm. longi, pilis apice
nigro-glandulosis dense pubescentes. Calyx brevis, obscure 5-lobus, extra
glanduloso-pubescens, lobis ovato-triangularibus subobtusis glandulosis.
Corolla late infundibuliformis, albo-rosea, intra basin dorso maculo
circiter 6 mm. lato purpureo instructa, extra erubescens; tubus 8 em.
longus, apice circiter 2 cm. diametro, glaber; lobi 5, patulo-recurvati, late
ovato-rotundati emarginati, 1-5-2 em. lati. Stamina 10, inclusa; fila-
menta basin versus pubescentia, 2-2°5 cm. longa; antherae parvae, atro-
purpureae, 2°25 mm. longae. Ovariwm 6-loculare, pilis apice purpureo-
glandulosis longe stipitatis dense indutum ; stylus glaber, exsertus, flavus,
circiter 8 cm. longus.—J. Hurcuinson.

The Hhododendron here described is closely related to
Lt. pachytrichum, Franch., also from Western China,
already in cultivation in this country. The most striking
difference between the two isin the branchlets and the
leaf-stalks. In &. pachytrichum the hairs on these and on
the midribs are short and copiously branched, and thus
impart a mossy appearance; the calyx is moreover quite
glabrous. In £. monosematum the hairs on the twigs
and petioles are long and bristly, simple and gland-
tipped; the midrib is glabrous or has but a few gland-
tipped hairs, while the calyx is densely glandular-
pubescent. The only locality in which the species here
figured appears to have been met with in the wild state
is Mt. Wu, in Szechuan. Here it was collected in July,

SEPTEMBER, 1916,

1903, by Mr. E. H. Wilson, as a shrub from six to twenty
feet in height, with white or pink flowers. It was raised
by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons at Coombe Wood, from
seed collected by Wilson, and the plant figured was
purchased for Kew from their establishment in 1913.
So far as winter cold is concerned, R. monosematum is
quite hardy at Kew, but, as with R. pachytrichum, its
flowers, and even its young shoots, are liable to be
injured by late spring frosts following mild-weather in
January and February. For this reason it is best
planted in a position sheltered from the north and east.

Desorption. — Shrub; young shoots tinged with
purple, glabrous near the base, upwards densely leafy
and closely covered with long stiff dark-coloured glan-
dular hairs. Leaves oblong, abruptly and rather acutely
acuminate, unequally rounded at the base, 3—4} in. long,
{lJ in. wide, the tip about } in. long, firmly leathery,
green above and when dry closely reticulate, paler and
very finely reticulate beneath, glabrous on both sur-
faces; lateral nerves about 15 on each side the midrib,
somewhat raised on both surfaces, anastomosing and
much branched within the margin ; petiole 2 in. long,
hispid especially near the base. Inflorescence terminal,
about 12-flowered ; bracts silky outside ; pedicels 2—} in.
long, densely clothed with dark glandular hairs. Calya
short, obscurely 5-lobed, glandular-pubescent outside;
lobes ovate-triangular, rather obtuse, glandular. Corolla
wide funnel-shaped, white suffused with rose-pink, out-
side reddish, inside with a purple basal blotch about ¢ in.
across; tube 14 in. long, about 2 in. wide, glabrous ;
lobes 5, spreading or recurved, wide ovate-rotund, emar-
ginate, 3-} in.. across. Stamens 10, included ; filaments
pubescent towards the base, #-1 in. long; anthers small,
dark-purple, about {, in. long. Ovary 6-celled, densely
clothed with long hairs tipped with purple glands; style
glabrous, exserted, yellow, about 1} in. long. :

Fig. 1, base of leaf with apex of petiole; 2, apex of leaf; 8, bract; 4, calyx
and pistil; 5, glandular hairs from the ovary; B, corolla, laid open ; 7 and 8,
stamens ; 9, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged

M.8.del..J.N Fitch lth.

L Reeve&C°London

TaB. 8676.
URSINIA CAKILEFOLIA.
South-West Africa.

Compositaz. Tribe ARCTOTIDEAE.

Ursin, Gaertn. ; Benth. et Hook. fF. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 456.

Ursinia cakilefolia, DC. Prodr. vol. v. p. 690; Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl.
Cap. vol. iii. p. 152; species U. namaquenst, Schlechter, affinis, sed
involucri bracteis exterioribus acute acuminatis differt.

Herba circiter 3 dm. alta, basi parce ramosa; caulis et rami virides, longi-
tudinaliter sulcati, glabri, laxe foliati. Folia bipinnatisecta, 8-5-5 cm.
longa, glauco-viridia, glabra, segmentis linearibus acutissime et minute
mucronatis ; petioli basi complanati, plerumque lobulis lateralibus acutis
muniti. Capitula solitaria, longissime pedunculata, circiter 7 cm. expansa ;
pedunculi terminales, usque ad 20 em. longi. Involucrum late et breviter
campanulatum, 1 cm. longum, 1°5-2 em. diametro; bracteae circiter
6-seriatae, ab extremo sensim longiores, exteriores acute acuminatae,
demum patulo-recurvatae, intermediae et interiores obtuse membranaceo-
appendiculatae, glabrae. Flores radii 20-25, subbiseriatae, patuli, supra
aurantiaci, infra paullo pallidiores; corollae tubus 0; limbus oblongo-
oblanceolatus, apice integer, 2°5-83 cm. longus, 6-7 mm. latus, circiter
6-nervus; achaenia abortiva, linearia, apicem versus lateraliter parce pilosa.
Flores disci nigro-purpurei; corollae tubus inferne cylindricus, superne
anguste campanulato-ampliatus, glaber; lobi 5, triangulares. Pappi

, 8quamae late ovatae vel suborbiculares, membranaceae, 1°5 mm. longae,
glabrae. Achaenia anguste obovoidea, glabra. Receptaculi squamae flores

disci involventes, apice interdum subdenticulatae, membranaceae, glabrae.
—J. Hurcuinson,

The genus Ursinia, Gaertn., with which is now incor-
porated Sphenogyne, R. Br., includes between sixty and
seventy species, all of them African and almost all con-
fined to extra-tropical South Africa. Many of the forms
are closely allied to each other and difficult to distin-
guish unless examined in a living state. A few of them
are already grown in Europe as half-hardy annuals, and
U. cakilefolia, now figured, introduced to Kew in 1914
by means of seed received from Professor Pearson,
Director of the National Botanic Garden, Kirstenbosch,
Cape Town, promises to be a useful addition to the
number. This species was first collected by Drége, on
the Giftberg, in South-West Africa, and appears to have
been met with again by Mr. N. 8. Pillans, from whose

garden came the seeds whence the Kirstenbosch plants
SEPTEMBER, 1916.

were raised. Its nearest ally is a species distributed by
Dr. Schlechter, under the manuscript name U. nama-
quensis, which differs especially from U. cakilefolia in
having blunt outer involucral bracts. Mr. J. W.
Matthews, Cape Town, recommends sowing the seed of
U. cakilefolia early in March; hardened off for planting
out in May, it should commence flowering in June, and
continue in flower till cut down by frost. He advises
a poor light sandy soil, and a sunny border or bank.
At Kew it has flowered in June under glass, and done
so freely, later in the summer, in a border. Semi-
procumbent in habit, it makes a bushy plant about a foot
high and as much through. It seeds freely, and at the
Cape the percentage of fertility is high.

Description. — Herb about 1 ft. high, sparingly
branched at the base; stem and branches green, sulcate,
glabrous. Leaves lax, 2-pinnatisect, 11-21 in. long,
glaucous-green, glabrous; segments linear, finely sharply
mucronate; petiole folded at the base, usually with
acute lateral lobules. Heads solitary, very long stalked,
about 24 in. across ; peduncles terminal, reaching 8 in. in
length. Jnvolucre short, wide-campanulate, about 1 in.
deep, 3-2 in. across; bracts about 6-seriate, gradually
longer from without inwards, the outer acutely acu-
minate, spreading or recurved, the intermediate and
inner with blunt membranous appendages, glabrous.
fay-florets 20-25, almost 2-seriate, spreading, orange
above, rather paler beneath ; corolla-tube 0; limb
oblong-lanceolate with entire tip, 1-1} in. long, over
4 in. wide, about 6-nerved; achenes abortive, linear,
sparingly hairy on the sides near the top. Disk-florets
blackish-purple; corolla tube cylindric below, narrow-
campanulate upwards, glabrous; lobes 5, triangular.
Pappus-scales wide ovate or orbicular, membranous,
ts in. long, glabrous. _Achenes narrow obovoid, glabrous.
Receptacle-scales enveloping the disk-florets, sometimes
slightly toothed, membranous, glabrous.

Fig. 1, young flower-head ; 2 and 3, involucral bracts; 4, base of ray-floret ;
ba ted disk-floret with receptacle-scale; 6, disk-floret ; 7, pappus-scale of
-Hloret; 8, anthers ; 9, style-arms':—all enlarged.

8677

ee :
Vincent Brooks, Day & Son Lt* imp.

M.S. del.J.N Fitch ith.

LReeve &C? London.

Tas. 8677.
LONICERA TaATaARICA.

South-Eastern Russia to Siberia.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE. Tribe LONICEREAE.

Lonicera, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. pe:

Lonicera tatarica, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 173; DC. Prodr. vol. iv. p. 885; Ledeb.
Fil. Ross. vol. ii. p. 888; Koch, Dendr. vol. ii. p. 26; Rehder, Syn. Gen.
Lonicera in Rep. Miss. Bot. Gard. vol. xiv. p. 126; C. K. Schneider, ©
Handb, Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 716; species ab omnibus gregis T'ataricarum,
Rehder, labio corollae superiore multo magis diviso et bracteolis liberis

evel subliberis distincta.

Frutex ad 3m. altus, ramis glabris, cortice demum cinerascente. Folia ovata
vel ovato-oblonga, acuta vel rarius obtusiuscula, basi subtruncato-cordata
vel abrupte rotundata, 3-6 cm. longa, 1°5-3 cm. lata, viridia, infra palli-
diora, glabra; petiolus 2-6 mm, longus. Flores geminati in peduneulis
axillaribus glabris 1°5-2°2 em. longis; bracteae subulatae, glabrae, 2-5
mm. longae; bracteolae late ellipticae, obtusae, liberae vel fere liberae,
circiter 1 mm. longae. Corolla alba vel magis minusve roseo-suffusa,
glubra; tubus basi subgibbosus ; lobi laterales a posticis fere ad limbi basin
separati. Antherae e faucibus corollae exsertae, sed limbo breviores.
Baccae rubrae, liberae vel subliberae, ad 7 mm. diametro.—Xylostewm
cordatum, Moench, Meth. p. 502. X. tataricum, Dumont de Courset,
Bot. Cult. vol. ii. p. 275. Chamaecerasus tatarica, Billiard, L’Hort. Fr.
p- 256. Caprifolium tataricum, O.-Kuntze, Rey. Gen. vol. i. p. 274.—
O. Srapr.

Lonicera tatarica is one of the best and most reliable
for gardens of all the bush Honeysuckles; it is a
free grower in all but the poorest soils and flowers
abundantly every season. There are many forms in
cultivation in gardens, the differences being mainly in
the size and colour of the corolla, and Rehder in his
synopsis of the genus enumerates, in addition to three
more distinct varieties, no fewer than twenty-two
separate forms of the typical plant. Of these the one
here figured, from material supplied from the garden of
Mr. W. Robinson at Gravetye, near East Grinstead, is
perhaps the most attractive. It is marked by the full
rounded character of the corolla segments and the rich
shade of the flowers. Propagation of any of the forms
is easily effected by cuttings. This shrub was first made
known by Amman in 1739, and described by him as a

SEPTEMBER, 1916. .

Chamaecerasus from specimens collected some years
earlier, near Orenburg, by Heinzelmann, mentioning that
it had also been found by Gmelin in Dauria. Gmelin’s
own record is from Transbaicalia, and Pallas speaks of
its occurrence in the Selanga basin. There is no later
record of this Lonicera from these eastern localities, and
recent authors omit them from its area. It certainly
occurs, however, from the lower Volga to the Altai
range, and throughout the greater part of Northern
Turkestan. The flowers of the Orenburg form are said
by Amman to be white; Linnaeus in 1763 termed them
incarnate, but in 1767 alluded to them as white. Pallas, -
who also described them as incarnate, has remarked
that a white variety is to be found in shady woods. An
unusually dark-coloured form, now generally referred *to
L. tatarica, was figured in this work at t. 2469 as L.
punicea, Sims. In that figure, however, the. posticous
lobes of the limb are shown as free to the base, and the
limb is described as five-cleft with the lobes nearly
equal, so that, although the other characters suggest
L. tatarica, this reduction igs somewhat doubtful.

DEsoription. — Shrub, reaching 10 ft. in height;
branches glabrous; old bark greyish. Leaves ovate or |
ovate-oblong, acute or occasionally somewhat obtuse,
base rather truncately cordate or rounded, 1}~23 in.
long, 3-1; in. wide, green, paler beneath, glabrous;
petiole ~;-} in. long. Flowers in pairs on axillary
glabrous peduncles 2-4 in, long, bracts subulate, glabrous,
12-$ in. long; bracteoles wide elliptic, obtuse, free or
nearly so, very short. Corolla white or more or 1ess
flushed with rose-pink, glabrous ; tube rather gibbous at
the base ; lateral lobes free from the posterior lobes almost
to the base of the limb. Anthers distinctly exserted
from the corolla throat but shorter than the corolla-
limb. Berries red, free or nearly so, over } in. across.

Fig. 1, a pair of flowers, from which the corolla has been removed ; 2, corolla.
laid open; 8 and 4, anthers ; 5, style and stigma :—all enlarged. ; :

se “ .
LS tap.
Vincent Brooks,Day & Sank rd

M.S, del J.N Fitch Lith

L.Reeve &£ 0° London

Tas. 8678.
ACACALLIS cyanza.

Upper Amazon.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Acacatuis, Lindl,; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 544.

Acacallis-cyanea, Lindl. Fol. Orch. Acacal. p.1; Veitch, Man. Orch. pars ix.
p- 70; Cogn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. iii. pars v. p. 524; Rolfe in Orch.
Rev. 1907, p. 40 ; species unica.

Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma lignosum, repens, radicans, vaginis imbricatis
vestitum. Pseudobulbi parvi, paullo incrassati, monophylli. Folia
petiolata, obovato-elliptica, acuminata, subplicata, 20-25 cm. longa, 8-8 em.
lata. Scapi 15-20 cm. longi, vaginis paucis vestiti; racemi pauci-multi-
flori; bracteae ovato-oblongae, acutae, 0°8-1 cm. longae ; pedicelli 2 cm.
longi. Flores speciosi, expansi. Sepala obovata, subacuta, concava,
2°5 cm. longa. Petala orbiculari-obovata, 2°5-8 cm. lata. Labellwm
unguiculatum, erecto-patens; limbus reniformi-obovatus, emarginatus,
undulatus, 2°5-2°8 cm. latus, basi concavus; discus basi late cristatus ;
crista striata, apice fimbriato-dentata. Colwmna brevis, suberecta, 1 cm.
longa, basi in pedem brevem producta ; alae rotundato-oblongae ; pollinia 4,
pyriformia; stipes planus, obovato-oblongus; glandula rotundata.— Aganisia
cyanea, Reichb. f. Beitr. Orch. p. 18, t. 4, et in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur.
vol. xxxv. n. 2, t. 4; Lindenia, vol. iii. t. 110. A. coerulea, Reichb. f. in
Gard. Chron. 1886, vol. xxv. p. 720; Williams, Orch. Alb. vol. viii. t. 874;
Rev. Hort. 1898, p. 482, cumicon. A. tricolor, N. E. Br. in Lindenia,
vol. i. t. 45. Kochiophyton negrense, Schlechter ex Cogn. in Mart. Fl.
Bras. vol. iii. pars vi. p. 574, t. 119.—R. A. Roire.

This striking Orchid is a native of the upper Amazon
region, where it was first met with by the late Dr. R.
Spruce, growing on trees near forest streams at Barra
on the Rio Negro in July, 1851, and a little later at the
Secus cataract, near Panuré, on the Rio Uapés. It was
described by Lindley from Spruce’s specimens as a new
genus nearly related to Warrea, Lindl., and to Huntleya,
Batem., the latter allied if not reducible to Zygopetalum,
Hook. From both, however, it is readily distinguished
both by structure and by habit. The account by Spruce
of the beauty of Acacallis led to a desire to introduce
the plant, the fulfilment of which was not accomplished
until, in 1883, an example obtained by Mr. Morris, a
collector in the service of Mr. E. Corning, Kenwood,
Albany County, New York, came into flower. According
SEPTEMBER, 1916.

to Morris the rootstock is often twenty feet long, its
ramifications conveying the impression of lattice-work.
‘The first plant to flower in England did so in the col-
lection of Mr. Walter Holland, Mossley Hill, Liverpool,
in August, 1885. In 1871, Reichenbach, dealing with
Spruce’s specimens, had reduced <Acacallis to Ayanisia,
Lindl., and in 1885, on receiving, through Mr. W. Bull,
fresh flowers from Mr. Holland’s plant, still adhered to this
view, but in recounting the history of the species inad-
vertently substituted the name coerulea for cyanea. This
is not the only mishap which has occurred ; the plant has
since then been described as Aganisia tricolor. That
Acacallis, with its saccate lip-claw, its different column,
and its scandent habit, cannot be an Aganisia, has
been established by Dr. Schiechter, who, however, in
dealing with the genus under the name Aochiophyton,
overlooked the fact that it had already been characterized
by Lindley. The plant figured was presented to Kew
while in flower by Mrs. Charles Booth; it was brought
from the Amazon by acommander of the Booth Line. It
thrives in the tropical Orchid House at Kew, and flowered
there in July, 1914.

DescripTion.—Herb, epiphytic; rhizome very long,
woody, emitting many roots, creeping or climbing, and
clothed with imbricate sheaths; pseudobulbs small,
slightly thickened, 1l-foliate. Leaves petioled, obovate-
elliptic, acuminate, somewhat plicate, 8-10 in. long,
1;-3 in. wide. Scapes 6-8 in. long, with few sheaths,
racemes few- to many-flowered; bracts ovate-oblong,
acute, 4-3 in. long; pedicels 3 in. long. J owers showy,
wide explanate. Sepals obovate, rather acute, concave,
lin. long. Petals orbicular-ovate, 1-14 in. wide. Lip
stalked, erect then spreading; limb reniform-obovate,
emarginate, undulate, 1-11 in. wide, concave at base ; disk
wide-crested at base; crest striate, fimbriate-toothed.
Column short, almost erect, 2 in. long, produced below
in a short foot ; wings rounded-oblong ; pollinia 4, pyri-
form ; stipes flat, ‘obovate-oblong ; gland rounded.

Fig. 1, bine-of the lip; 2, column; 3, anth ; llinari seen from —
behind and in front tall enlarged, 7 aida rs ne, Gok

Ke
N os. 142, 143, Bee Ss

us for 6d. coloured, 7s, ; 6a.

AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

_ EDITED BY.

SIR DAVID PRAIN, CMG, Rie ELD. Paes
uy ; Birecsor, bcs Botanic Garbens, Sew.

‘BOT. NICAL MAGAZINE.

CONTENTS OF Nos. 142, 143, 144, OCTOBER, NOVEMBER, DECEMBER, 1916.

*

Po) a0, 149, Ooronmn, 1916,
as 8679.- _ROSA DAVIDIL.
, 8680.-THURANTHOS MACRANTHUM.
» 8681—STAPELIA GETTLEFI.
» 8682.—CALLICARPA GIRALDIANA. tae
8683. DENDROBIUM PALPEBRAE. ae.

_ No. 143, Shlgin 1916.

: Lttimp.
MS, del. JN Bitch lith Vinoerit Brooks, Day & SonLt*imp

L.Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8679.
ROSA Davipr.
China.

RosackaE. Tribe RosEAg.
Rosa, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 625.

Rosa Davidii, Crép. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol. xiii. p. 253 (1874); Franch
in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér, 2, vol. v. p. 270 (Pl. David. vol. i. p. 118)
Rehder ¢ Wils. in Sarg. Pl. Wilson. vol. ii. p. 332; affinis R. corymbulosae,
Rolfe, sed foliolis plurimis simpliciter serratis, corymbis laxis, bracteis
majoribus, floribus majoribus et glandulis longioribus differt.

Frutex erectus, parce ramosus, 1-2-metralis; ramuli laeves, aculeis rectis
patentibus sublatis dispersis 4-6 mm. longis armati, demum brunnei.
Folia 8-10 cm. longa, 7-9-foliolata; rhachis puberula, aculeis gracilibus
sparsis instructa; foliola subsessilia, elliptico-oblonga vel ovato-oblonga,
subacuta, simpliciter et acute serrata, subtus cinereo-puberula, 2-3 cm.
longa, 1-1'5 cm. lata; stipulae adnatae, anguste oblongae, acutae
vel acuminatae, integrae, 0°7-1°5 cm. longae. Flores rosei, corym-
bulosi, versus apices ramorum laxe dispositi, circiter 3 cm. diametro.
Bracteae ovatae, acuminatae, puberulae, 1*2-1°5 cm. longae. Peduncult
graciles, 3-4 cm. longi, glanduloso-setulosi. Receptaculum anguste
ovoideo-oblongum, 3-4 mm. longum, crebre glandulosum. Calycis lobi basi
ovati, apice longe foliacei et lanceolati, acuti, 1°3-2 cm. longi, patentes,
intus cinereo-tomentosi. Petala late obcordata. Filamenta glabra, 4-5
miu. longa; antheris aureis. Styli villosi, in columnam 6 mm. longam
cohaerentes. Fructus ovoideus, 1-1°3 cm. longus, coccineus, sepalis
persistentibus suberectis coronatus. Achaenia villosa, ovoidea, 3 mm,
longa.—R. A. Rorre.

The Rose here figured was originally described by
Crépin in 1874, and was based on a flowering specimen
‘forwarded by Decaisne which was then believed to have
been received through the Abbé David from Mongolia. It
was placed somewhat doubtfully in the section Synstylae,
and was compared with &. moschata, Herrm., though the
_ difference in colour of petals and in the shape of the
sepals and bracts was pointed out. This comparison
and the reference to Synstylae have tended to obscure
the identity of David’s plant, but a photograph of the
original specimen supplied by Mr. Gagnepain shows that
on the original label Crépin added to the name the
remark ‘R. macrophylla, var.,”’ a suggestion more in
accord with its true affinity. This photograph further
shows that David had himself given the locality as

OcrToBER, 1916,

Eastern Tibet, and Mr. E. H. Wilson, who has also
collected this species, remarks that it is common on the
mountains of Moupine in Western Szechuan. The bush
from which our plate has been prepared was raised from
seed sent from the Arnold Arboretum in 1909. At Kew
it has grown very freely and borne good crops of its
graceful fruit. The seed in question was obtained by
Wilson in September, 1908, near Wen-ch’uan Hsien in —
Western Szechuan at 7,000-10,000 feet above sea-level.
In the wild state it occurs in thickets and forms a bush
three to five feet in height. At Kew it has proved one
of the most easily grown species of Rose, and thrives
excellently in stiff loamy soil. In addition to the highly
coloured fruits a marked feature of this Rosa is afforded
by the numerous ovate bracts which sometimes exceed
in size those shown in our figure. Like other members
of its group, R. Davidii should be easily increased by
cuttings taken in August and placed in a propagating
case in gentle heat.

Dersoriprion.—Shrub, sparingly branched, 3-5 ft.
high; twigs smooth, armed with straight, spreading,
subulate, scattered prickles 1—} in. long, bark at length
brown. * Leaves 3-4 in. long, 7-9 foliolate ; rachis pube-
rulous, with scattered slender prickles; leaflets sub-
sessile, elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong, subacute, simply
sharply serrate, grey puberulous beneath, 3-1} in. long,
3-3 In. wide; stipules adnate, narrow-oblong, acute or
acuminate, entire, 1-2 in. long. lowers rose-pink,
somewhat loosely corymbose, near the tips of twigs,
about 1/ in. across; bracts ovate, acuminate, puberulous,
3-3 in. long; peduncles slender, 14-13 in long, slender,
setose. Receptacle narrowly ovoid-oblong, 14-1} in. long,
closely glandular. Calyz-lobes leafy, lanceolate from an
ovate base, acute, }—7 in. long, spreading, grey-tomentose
within. tals wide-obcordate. Filaments giabrous,
4-3 in. long; anthers golden-yellow. Styles villous,
cohering in a column } in. long. uit ovoid, 3-3 in.
long, pink, crowned by the persistent suberect sepals.
Achenes villous, ovoid, } in. long.

Fig. 1, a flower in vertical section, the petals removed; 2 and 3, anthers ;
4, carpel with style ; 5, achene :—all Penta oe

£.

Ange

MS del.J.N Fitch, lith.

Vincent Brooks, Day & Son Lt4imp.
L Reeve &C°T. sidan

Tas. 8680.
THURANTHOS MACRANTHUM.
South Africa.

Liviaceag. Tribe Scrruear.

TuHurantuHos, C. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1916, p. 233.

Thuranthos macranthum, C. H. Wright: species unica.

Herba perennis. Bulbus 12 cm. diametro, squamis crassis carnosis instructus.
Folia hysterantha, linearia, acuminata, carinata, glabra, 70 cm. longa,
fere 2cm. lata. Scapus 1-1'8 m. altus, cylindricus, basi purpurascens ;
bracteae deltoideae, acuminatae, 2 mm. longae; pedicelli 4 cm. longi, sub
anthesin decurvati, floribus pendulis. Perianthii segmenta libera,
aequalia, recurvata, oblonga, obtusa, luteo-brunnea, costa lata viridi
uninervia instructa, 2°5 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata. Filamentorum pars
inferior 12 mm. longa, compressa, valide incurvata, luteo-brunnea; pars
superior 5 mm. longa, cylindrica, erecta, albescens; antherae dorsifixae,
oblongae, 8 mm. longae. Ovarium oblongum, trilobatum; stylus colum-
naris, staminibus paullo longior ; stigma discoideum ; ovula pluria. Capsula
oblonga, laevis, 8°5 cm. longa, 1 cm. diametro, pedicillis suberectis
instructa.—Drimia? macrantha, Baker in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xv.
Heft. 8, p. 7, et in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. vi. p. 442. Ornithogalum?
macranthum, Baker in Journ, Linn. Soc. vol. xiii. p. 280.—C. H. Wricut.

The South African Squill which forms the subject of
our illustration was first met with by Drege in 1840 in
the Uitenhage and Queenstown divisions of Cape Colony,
and when originally described was referred doubtfully
to the genus Ornithogalum. It was subsequently met
with in the eastern coast districts of the Colony and in
Griqualand East, and on account of its scaly bulb was
transferred from Ornithogalum to Drimia, in which genus,
however, its position, owing to there being in our species
no campanulate tube, was equally doubtful. More
recently it has been met with near Umtata in Tembuland
by Canon G. E. Mason and Miss M. H. Mason, and was
introduced by them to the Cambridge Botanic Garden,
where a plant flowered in May, 1913, afterwards pro-
ducing leaves which became fully developed in July.
From material communicated by Mr. R. I. Lynch, the
figure here given of the flowers and leaves has been
prepared. The sketch of the bulb and base of the scape
has been reduced from an original field-drawing by
Miss Mason. Tne opportunity of examining living

OcroBER, 1916,

specimens has shown that the plant is more nearly allied
to Albuca than to Drimia or to Ornithogalum, but it
differs in having the inner per:anth-segments erect and.
shorter than the outer, and differs further so greatly in
the structure of the filaments that it seems desirable to
zecord it the position of a distinct genus, Turanthos, a
name based on the disposition of the lower portions of
the filaments, which are coloured like the perianth, are
outcurved for about a quadrant and connivent above,
thus leaving interspaces like the longitudinal openings of
a lantern. The portions of the filaments surmountir g
this lantern are cylindric, white, and erect round the
columnar style. The colour of the periauth-segments
appears to vaiy considerably; in field-notes it is given
‘red-brown,’ ‘ yellow-green,’ ‘brown with a red band.
The treatment most suitable for South African species
of Ornithogalum appears to be equally appropriate to
Thuranthos macranthum which, Mr. Lynch informs us,
though it has thriven satisfactorily at Cambridge, sending

up fresh young leaves, has not flowered since it did so in
1913.

Description.— Herb, perennial; bulb 44 in. across,
clothed with thick fleshy scales. Leaves appearing after
flowering, linear, acuminate, keeled, glabrous, over 2 it.
long, about < In. wide. Scape 33-6 it. high, cylindric,
purplish near the base ; bracts deltoid, acuminate, ys In.
long ; pedicels 1¢ in. long, decurved; flowers pendulous.
Perianth-segments free, equal, recurved, oblong, obtuse,
brownish-yellow with a longitudinal central green band,
I'in. long, } in. wide, Stamens equal; lower portion ©
cf the filaments 4 in. long, flattened, much incurved,
brownish-yellow ; upper portion 1 in. long, cylindric,
erect, whitish; anthers oblong, dorsifixed, } in. long.
Ovary oblong, 3-lobed; style columnar, rather larger
than the stamens; stigma discoid; ovules several.
Capsule oblong, smooth, 14 in. long, over 1 in. wide,
borne on erect fruiting pedicels,

Fig. 1, stamen with base of a perianth-segment ; 2, pistil; 8, sketch of a
bulb and scape-base :—all enlarged except 38, hick is much reduced from an-
original drawing by Miss Mason, :

8681

Lap hs
“4
aed

Vincent Brooks, Day &Son Lt? amp: : e

L Reeve &C® London

—

Tas. 8681.
STAPELIA GerrLerri.

Transvaal.

ASCLEPIADACEAE. ‘Tribe STAPELIEAE.

Srapeuia, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 784.

Stapelia Gettleffii, Pott in Ann. Transvaal Mus. vol. iii. p. 226; affinis
S. hirsutae, Linn., sed caulibus crassioribus, foliis duplo longioribus
appressioribus et corolla fere ad apicem luteo-lineata bene distinguenda,

Herba succulenta 10-20 cm. alta. Caules 1°2-1°5 cm. crassi, erecti basi
decumbentes,. tetragoni angulis compressis dentatis, velutino-pubescentes,
virides. Folia rudimentaria 9-12 mm. longa, adpresso-erecta, lineari-
lanceolata, acuta. Cymae prope basin caulorum enatae, subsessiles, 1-3-
florae. Pedicelli 6-8 cm. longi, 4-5 mm. crassi, velutini. Sepala 10-12
mm. longa, lanceolata, acuta, velutina. Corolla 14-16 cm. diametro, pro-
funde 5-loba, extra velutina, flavo-viridis, intus transverse rugosa, disco
purpureo longe et molliter purpureo-lanato, lobis fere ad apicem transverse
luteo- et purpureo-lineatis marginibus late purpureis et longe purpureo-
ciliatis; lobi patentes vel reflexi, 6-7 cm. longi, 2°5 em. lati, lanceolati,
acuti, marginibus revolutis. Coronaé exterioris lobi 6 mm. longi, erecto-

’ patuli apice recurvi, lanceolati, supra canaliculati, apice subulato-acuminati,
atropurpurei; interioris lobi 10-12 mm. longi, patuli, subulati, dorso late
alati, alis 1-3-dentatis, atropurpurei.—N. E. Brown,

The handsome S/apclia here figured was original!y dis-
covered in 1911 by Mr. G. F. Gettleffi at Louis Trichardt
in the Zoutpansberg division of the Transvaal, and in
the same year was found also at Palapye Road. A living
plant from the latter locality, sent by Mr. N. S. Pillans,
reached Kew in June, 1911. It has thriven well on
the sunny shelf of a warm greenhouse and, flowering for
the first time in June, 1915, has enabled the accom-
panying plate to be prepared. A second living plant
was sent to Mr. N. E. Brown by Mr. Pillans from Palapye
Road in 1911, and another from the Louis Trichardt
locality, sent by Mrs. Pott, reached England in 1912.
In April, 1913, Mrs. Pott supplied the Kew Herbarium
with an excellent dried specimen prepared by her from
the plant on which her original description was based.
The peculiar fashion in which the unusually large rudi-
mentary leaves are disposed, in an erect position close

Ocroper, 1916,

to the angles of the stem, at once distinguish it from all
the allied species even when it is out of flower. Its
nearest ally is S. hirsuta, Linn., from the south-western
portion of Cape Colony, and one of the most interesting
features connected with the plant now described is that
its habitat should be separated from that of the older
species by a distance of six hundred miles. Like other
members of the genus, S. Geftlefii requires a well-drained
soil, and very little water should be supplied during the
winter months,

DescriPTion.-—//erb, succulent, 4-8 in. high; stems
4-2 in. thick, decumbent below then erect, 4-angled
with angles compressed and toothed, velvety-pubescent,
green. Leaves rudimentary, adpressed-erect, }—} in.
long, linear-lanceolate, acute. Cymes subsessile, produced
near the base of the stem, 1-3-flowered ; pedicels }—} in.
long, 4—} in. thick, velvety. Sepals 1—} in. long, lanceo-
late, acute, velvety. Corolla about 6 in. across, deeply
5-lobed, velvety outside, yellowish-green, transversely
rugose within, the purple disk clothed with long soft
pubescence, the lobes with broad purple edges and else-
where barred with transverse yellow and purple lines;
lobes spreading or reflexed, 2123 in. long, 1 in. across,
lanceolate, acute, with margins reflexed. Corona double ;
lobes of the outer corona } in. long, somewhat spreading,
lanceolate, with a subulate-acuminate recurved dark-
purple tip; those of the inner corona }—} in. long,

spreading, dark-purple, subulate with a 1-3-toothed
broad dorsal wing.

Fig. 1, portion of stem with rudimentary leaves; 2, corona; 3, pollen-

inca: 4, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged except 4, which ais much

x a) to Al

ne}

itch, ith.

| 7H
OL. INE

MS

a T d i »
Vincent Brooks, Day & Son Lt® imp

L.Reeve &C° London

s Tas. 8682.
CALLICARPA GIRALDIANA.
China.

VERBENACEAE. ‘Tribe VITICEAE.

Cattrcarpa, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 1150.

Callicarpa Giraldiana, Hesse in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. vol. xxi. p. 366,
cum figuris pp. 368, 369 sed sine descr. ; Rehder in Bailey, Stand. Cycl.
Hort. vol. ii. p. 629 et in Plant. Wilson. vol. iii. pars 2, p. 366, pro parte ;
inter species gregis C. purpureae, Juss., tomento ampliore in novellis
fulvo-griseo-furfuraceo, floribus majusculis, calycibus laxe stellato-pilosulis,
fructibus lilacinis insignis.

Frutex ad 2m. altus; rami novelli tomento fulvo-griseo-furfuraceo densiusculo
. obtecti, mox glabrescentes, cortice demum plumbeo laevi vel hicinde ob
pilorum bases persistentes rudi. Folia late lanceolata vel elliptico-lanceo-
lata, acuta vel acuminata, rarius nonnulla obtusa et tunc interdum
obovata, basi acuta, crebre denticulata, dentibus ultra 30 in utroque latere,
= 8-12 em. longa, 2°5-5°5 cm. lata, novella tomento fulvo-griseo-furfuraceo
e pilis stellatis composito obtecta, mox glabrescentia, matura supra sub-
glabra vel glabra, subtus imprimis in costa nervisque pilis paucis conspersa
et minute flavo-glandulosa, nervis lateralibus utrinque 6-10; petiolus
circiter 1 em. longus. Paniculae contractae, subglobosae, 2-3°5 cm.
= diametro, omnibus partibus pilis stellatis indutis, indumento sursum
multo laxiore, pedunculo 1-1°5 em. longo pedicellis 1-5-2°5 mm. longis;
bracteae pedicellos magis minusve aequantes. Calyx obovato-oblongus,
9-25 mm. longus, 4-lobus, lobis subacutis vel obtusis, pilis albis stellatis
Iaxe conspersus. Corolla 3°5-4 mm. longa, tubi parte basali cylindrica
vix 1 mm. longa, ampliata fere duplo longiore, limbo lilacino, lobis rotun-
datis brevibus. Antherae 1-1°5 mm. longae, plane exsertae longe dehis-
centes. Fructus circiter 4 mm. diametro, lilacinus.—C. longifolia, Diels
in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxix. p. 548 in parte, non Lam.—O, Starr,

.

Callicarpa Giraldiana was raised from seeds presented
to Kew in 1908 by the Director of the Arno'd Arboretum.
They grew very well in the nursery in ordinary soil to a
height of 5 to 6 feet, producing in 1914 for the first time
a fine crop of fruits, which for several weeks in October
and November made a most effective display. In our
experience at Kew this is by far the most attractive of
7 its genus as cultivated in the open air. It appears to be
Ss perfectly hardy and is of the easiest cultivation. It
aS likes a good loamy soil and its propagation is readily
secured either by cuttings or by seeds. It promises

OcroBER, 1916,

to be one of the most beautiful fruit-bearing shrubs of
recent introduction. The species was originally dis-
covered by Mr. A. Henry in Hupeh in 1887, and was
met with again by Pére Giraldi in Shensi in 1897, but
was first recognised as distinct in 1912 when Mr. H. A.
Hesse of Weener, East Friesland, who had received seeds
from Giraldi through Mr. L. Beissner of Poppelsdort,
published photographic reproductions of a flowering and
a fruiting branch, with a note in which the plant was
named after the Italian missionary to whom we owe so
much of our knowledge of the vegetation of Shensi.
Two years later Mr. A. Rehder published a brief diagnosis
in Professor Bailey’s Cyclopaedia, and the same author
has since then, on 3lst August, 1916, given a full account
of the species in the Plantae Wilsonianae, after having
himself seen the shrub in Mr. Hesse’s nursery and
compared specimens taken therefrom with material
collected by Henry, Giraldi and Wilson, including the
field-material issued by Mr. Wilson as his n. 439, which
corresponds with seeds from which the Kew plant now
figured was raised. Dr. Stapf finds, however, that some
of the specimens enumerated by Rehder under C. (iral-
diana belong to other species. When the extraneous
elements are excluded it is found that the southern limit
of C. Giraldiana, so far as is at present known, does not
overpass the Yang-tse-Kiang basin, and its area extends
from Western Szechuan through Hupeh to Shensi. In
the wild state the inflorescences are frequently more
scanty than in the cultivated example now figured.

DESCRIPTION.— Shrub, 5-6 ft. high; young twigs rather
closely tawny-grey pubescent, soon becoming glabrous ;
bark ultimately leaden-grey, smooth or in places rough
with persistent hair-bases. Leaves wide-lanceolate, or
elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, rarely some of
them blunt and then at times obovate, base acute,
margin closely toothed, teeth more than 30 on each side,
3-5 in. long, 1-2} in. wide, when young with a covering
of tawny-grey stellate hairs, soon becoming glabrous,
when full grown nearly to quite glabrous above, beneath
with a few scattered hairs on the midrib and nerves and |
minutely yellow-glandular ; lateral nerves 6-10 on each

side of the midrib; petiole about 4 in. long. -Panicles
contracted, subglobose, }—1} in. across, uniformly beset
with stellate hairs, the tomentum much looser upwards ;
peduncle }—? in. long; pedicels ;',-;4 in. long; bracts
about as long as the pedicels. Calyx obovate-oblong,
+'5-yp in. long, 4-lobed ; lobes subacute or obtuse, loosely
beset with white stellate hairs. Corolla +} in. long;
lower portion of the tube cylindric, very short, but
nearly twice as long as the widened upper portion ; limb
lilac, lobes rounded, short. Anthers very short, distinctly
exserted, dehiscing throughout their length. uit about
2 in. across, lilac.

Fig. 1, portion of an inflorescence; 2, section of calyx, showing ovary;
8 and 4, stamens; 5, fruits; 6, seed ;—all enlarged.

8683

MS. del. JN Ritch. lith.,

Vincent Bro cee, Dey Scena

L Reeve &C? London

Tap. 8683.
DENDROBIUM Patreprar.

Burma.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EprpENDREAR.
Denprosium, Swartz ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 498.

Dendrobium Palpebrae, Lindl. in Journ, Linn. Soe. vol. v. p. 83 (1850) ;
Paxt. Fl. Gard. vol. i. p. 48; Veitch, Man. Orch. pars iii. p. 67;
Hook. f. Flor. Brit. Ind, vol. v. p. 750; Rolfe in Orch, Rev. 1896, pp. 73,
142; a D. Farmeri, Paxt., pseudobulbis gracilioribus, racemis et i-
cellis ‘brevioribus, floribus minoribus, sepalis petalisque albis, labello
prominenter ciliato differt.

Herba epiphytica, 15-20 cm. alta. Pseudobulbi aggregati, elongati, sub-.
graciles, sulcati, vaginis membanaceis vestiti, apice 2-3-phylli. Folia
lanceolato-oblonga, acuta, 7-10 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata. Racemi sub-
erecti, 8-10 cm. longi, multiflori. Bracteae anguste oblongae, 6-7 mm.
longae. Pedicelli 1°5-2 cm. longi. Flores speciosi, albi, labelli disco
flavo vel aurantiaco. Sepala elliptico-oblonga, circiter 1 cm. longa.
Petala ovato-elliptica, sepalis latiora. Labellum breviter unguiculatum,
ovato-orbiculare, subacutum, basi pubescens, margine prominenter ciliato,
Columna lata, brevis; pollinia ea generis.—Dendrobiwm Farmeri album,
Regel, Gartenfl. vol. xvii. p. 321, t. 595.—R. A. Robre,

The Dendrobium here figured is a Burmese species
which has never been common in Orchid collections,
doubtless owing to the circumstance that it has rarely
been met with in the wild state. It was originally
received by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons from Moulmein
and flowered in their nursery for the first time in
November, 1849. It was shortly afterwards described
by Professor Lindley, whose name DPD. Palpebrae has
reference to the ‘eye-lash’ fringe of the lip. There is
proof that the species had been received at the Royal
Botanic Garden, Calcutta, from Burma, by Dr. T.
Anderson, who has recorded its flowering there in
December, 1862. The original specimen obtained by
Messrs. Veitch appears to have been found by Mr. T.
Lobb; the name of the collector who obtained the
Calcutta plant referred to is not recorded. ‘There is also
evidence that Surgeon-Major Jerdon had a living plant
in his private collection in Madras, though neither the

OcropER, 1916,

date of its flowering nor the provenance of his plant has
been recorded. In Europe it appears to have been lost ~
sight of until 1868 when the species was figured by the
late Professor Regel as D. Furmeri album from a plant
introduced from Moulmein by Messrs. Hugh Low and
Company. Subsequently it is known to have been
obtained from Moulmein by Major-General E. Berkeley
and Mr. G. M. Peché and perhaps others, but in India,
at least, its identity was not ascertained: Jerdon’s plant
was believed to be aform of D. densiflorum, Wall. ; that
of Anderson was supposed to be D. Griffithianum, Lindl. ;
Peché’s plant was identified with D. Farmerii, Paxt.
The confusion was increased by the publication of a
figure of a Sikkim form of D. Farmerii by Sir J. D.
Hooker (Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta, vol. v. p. 14,
t. 22), under the name DP. Palpebrae, in 1895, and although
this identification was corrected by Sir G. King and
Mr, Pantling in 1898 (l.c. vol. viii. p- 57), the position
of the true D. Palpebrae, Lindl., was left somewhat
obscure. The plant from which our figure has been
prepared is one that has been long in cultivation at Kew,
where it thrives well in a tropical house under the
conditions suitable for D. densiflorum, D. thyrsiflorum

and other nearly related species. Its precise orig.n is
unknown.

Description.— Herb, epiphytic, 6-8 in. high ; pseudo-
bulbs clustered, elongated, rather slender, sulcate, clothed
with membranous sheaths, each with 2-3 subterminal
leaves. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acute, 3-4 in. long,
$-1i in. wide. Racemes suberect, 3-4 in. long, many-
flowered ; bracts narrow-oblong, about } in. long;
pedicels 3-3 in. long. Flowers showy, white, the lip with
a yellow or orange disk. Sepals elliptic-oblong, over
3 In. long. Petals ovate-elliptic, wider than the sepals.
Lip short-clawed, Ovate-orbicular, somewhat acute,
pubescent at the base, with a markedly ciliate margin.
Column broad, short ; pollinia as in the genus.

‘Fig. 1, lip, showing the fringe; 2, column, with its foot; 8, anther-cap; :
4 and 5, pollinia, seen from in front and from behind :—all enlarged. ee

8654

Vineent Brooks Day &SonLi timp

MS.del. JIN Fitch ith.

1. . Reeve & C? Londgn

Tas. 8684.
TELOPEA OREADES.

Australia.

PROTEACEAE, Tribe EMBOTHRIEAE.
Trenopea, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 184,

Telopea oreades, Mwall. Sixth Syst. Ind. Pl. Victoria, p.18 (nomen); Fragm.
Phyt. vol. ii. p. 170; Key Syst. Vict. Pl. vol. i. p. 277; vol. ii. p. 29,
fig. 72; Pl. Indig. Victoria (cont. Ewart) vol. ii. p. 10, t. 73; Benth. Fl.
Austral. vol. v. p. 435; Maiden, For. Fl. N.S.W. vol. v. p. 69 (exempl. e
Gippsland tantum), t. 163, fig. N; affinis 7’, speciosisstmae, R Br., sed
foliis integris obscure nervosis bracteis minoribus forma diversis distincta ;
a T. truncata, R. Br., glabritie bractearum et foliorum forma distat,

Arbor 9-12 m. alta, ramis sub racemis primo adpresse fulvo-pubescentibus
mox glabrescentibus caeterum glabris cortice nigricante obtectis. Folia
lineari-oblonga vel oblanceolata, basi sensim in petiolum abeuntea, acuta
vel obtusa, integra, 15-20 cm. longa, 3-5 em. lata, coriacea, supra saturate
viridia, subtus pallidiora vel subglauca, nervis venisque plerumque obscuris ;
petiolus 1-25 em. longus, fusco-puberulus. lores in racemum capituli-
formem basi bracteis involucratum dispositi; rhachis glabra; bracteae
exteriores ovatae, interiores oblongae, cuspidato-acuminatae, subcoriaceae,
glabrae, rubrae vel rubescentes, intus increscentes, fere ad 4 cm. longae;
pedicelli 1-25 em. longi, glabri. Perianthiwm kermesinum ante anthesin
ipsam tubulosum, modice incurvum, circiter 2°5 cm. longum, glaberrimum,
mox uno latere ad basi fissum; limbus revolutus, 6-8 mm. longus, 4-fidus,
segmentis spathulatis subacutis 2 interioribus paulo minoribus. Antherae
late ovatae. Glandulae hypogynae alte connatae, ovarii basin uno latere
cingentes. Pistillum ad 3°5 cm. longum, apice paulo incrassatum, uno
latere stigma papillosum gerens. J’ructus follicularis, pedicello recurvato
insidens, oblongus, stylo coronante dempto circiter 7 cm. longus. Semina
circiter 15, ellipsoidea, truncata, 8-10 mm. longa, ala terminali late lineari
ad 3 cm. longa.—O. SrTapr.

The Gippsland Waratah was first discovered by the
late Baron von Miiller at Nangutta Creek and Weather-
head, according to Mr. Maiden within New South Wales.
It has, however, been met with frequently since in Gipps-
land, whence its name, and is undoubtedly a Victorian
species. The plant which Maiden has figured as Telopea
oreades, found at Braidwood, a hundred miles north
of Gippsland, is rather different; it has narrower leaves
and a rusty pubescence, as in 7. truncata, R. Br., from
Tasmania. The most northerly Waratah is 7. specio-
sissima, R. Br., between Hunter and Shoalhaven Rivers
in New South Wales. The Braidwood and the Gipps-
land plants inhabiting intermediate stations exhibit

NoveMBER, 1916,

somewhat intermediate characters. Nearly thirty years
ago Miiller suggested that the Gippsland Waratah
should be tried in the open in sheltered situations in
England, and the Rev. Mr. Boscawen of Ludgvan
Rectory, Cornwall, has shown that the Baron’s suggestion
was practical. From seed received in 1910 Mr. Boscawen
raised a plant which, when six inches high, he planted
out in a warm position in a mixture of bog earth, leaf
mould and granite sand. This plant is now fifteen feet
high, and in 1916 bore over thirty flower heads, from.
some of which it is hoped seeds may ripen. The material
for our plate came from this plant in 1915, in which
year Mr. Boscawen also succeeded in inducing 7. specio-
sissma to flower.

DEScRIPTION.— Tree, 30-40 ft. high ; twigs close under
the flower-heads, at first clothed with a close tawny
pubescence which soon disappears, elsewhere glabrous ;
bark very dark coloured. Leaves linear-oblong or oblan-
ceolate, gradually narrowed to the petiole, acute or
obtuse, entire, 6-8 in. long, 1}-2 in. wide, leathery, deep
green above, paler or somewhat glaucous beneath, nerves
and veins inconspicuous ; petiole 3-1 in. long, tawny-
puberulous. lowers in capitulate racemes with a whorl
of basal bracts; rachis glabrous; outer bracts ovate,
inner bracts oblong, cuspidate-acuminate, firm, glabrous,
red or reddish, thickened within, about 13 in. long;
pedicels 3 in. long, glabrous. Perianth crimson, tubular
before opening, slightly incurved, about 1 in. long, quite
glabrous, soon splitting to the base on one side ; limb
revolute, 1-1 in, long, 4-fid; lobes spathulate, somewhat
acute, the 2 inmost rather the smaller. Anthers wide
ovate. Lypogynous glands much united, surrounding the
base of the ovary on one side. Pistil about 1} in. long,
slightly thickened at the tip, with a papillose stigma at
one side. Fruit follicular, supported by the recurved
pedicel, oblong, about 2? in. long not including the
persistent style. Seeds about 15, ellipsoid, 1—2 in. long,
with a wide-linear terminal wing over | in. long.

Fig. 1, flower-bud; 2, flower: 8 i i ;
= 1, r-bud; 2, fi > 8, part of the perianth, with stamens;
4, pistil; 5, longitudinal section of ovary; 6, ovule aa enlarged,

8685.

Pe

Vincent Brooks,Day seSon in amp.

MS dei JN Fitch lith

L.Reeve&C° London

TaB. 8685.
CYTISUS MONSPESSULANUS.

Mediterranean region.

LEGUMINOSAE. Tribe GENISTEAE.

Cyrrisus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 484.

Cytisus monspessulanus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. p. 740; Brigq. Btud. Cytis. Alp.
Marit. p. 141; Reichb. Ic. Flor. Germ. vol. xxii. t. 2079, figs. i. & ii. ;
Aschers, € Graebn. Syn. Mitteleurop. Fl. vol. vi. Abt. ii. p. 297 ; Schneider,
Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 41, figs. 27 eh, 28, ad; Bean, Trees and Shrubs,
vol. i. p. 460; a C. Hosmariensi altera specie subsectionis Phyllotelinae,
Briq., differt foliolis minoribus subtus haud dense sericeis, floribus minori-
bus, vexillo sericeo.

Frutex 1-8 m. altus, ramosisssimus, ramis prominenter striatis, junioribus
patule pubescentibus. Joliola obovata vel obovato-oblonga, obtusa vel
obtusiuscula, apiculata, 10-20 mm. longa, 5-8 mm. lata, supra glabra,
subtus pubescentia. Flores 3-9, in ramulis lateralibus fasciculati vel
subumbellati; pedicelli vix 2 mm. longi, villosuli, medio minute
bracteati, apice 2-bracteolati. Calyx 2-labiatus, 4-5 mm. longus, villo-
sulus, labii superioris dentibus minutis intermedio longiore, inferioris
segmentis triangularibus. Corolla lutea, 8-9 mm. longa, petalis sub-
aequilongis, vexillo late ovato vel rotundato-elliptico glabro, alis glabris,
carina obtusa superne parce sericea. Legumen 2-3 em. longum, 4 mm.
latum, hirsuto-sericeum.—C. candicans, Lam. & DC., Fl. Franc. vol. iv.
p. 504. Genista candicans, Linn. Cent. i, 609; Amoen. Aead. vol. iv.
p. 284. Teline candicans, Webb in Webb & Berth. Phyt. Canar. vol. ii.
p. 35. 7’. monspessulana, C. Koch, Dendrol. vol. i. p. 80.—O. Srapr.

According to Sweet the Broom here figured was intro-
duced into England in 1735, but in the third edition of
the Gardeners’ Dictionary published that year Miller
alludes to it as the Base Tree Trefoil of Montpellier and
already established in this country. It was still to be
found wild at Graumont near Montpellier up to forty
years ago, but owing to the clearing of the land was
hardly able to maintain itself. Its natural area extends
from the Canaries to Algeria and Spain and thence
throughout the Mediterranean region to Greece, while a

eculiar variety occurs in Syria. Tournefort towards
the close of the seventeenth century was the first author
to associate the plant particularly with Montpellier,
whence the name Cytisus monspessulanus first used by

NovemMBER, 1916.

Linnaeus. But Cesalpini a century earlier has termed
it C. sylvestris candicans, a circumstance which explains
the name Genista candicans, employed by Linnaeus when
some years later he transferred the plant to the latter
genus. Although C. monspessulanus has been in cultiva-
tion for nearly two centuries it has never, owing to its
tenderness, become a common shrub. A few succeeding
mild winters allow it to develop into a bush six feet high,
and then it makes a bright display when in flower during
the second and third weeks of May. But it rarely
survives the effects of fifteen to twenty degrees of frost,
so that sooner or later it has to be replaced. This is
easily arranged for, as seeds, at least from cultivated
specimens, are easily obtained from southern France. It
likes the sunniest possible pcsition and does not require

rich soil or feeding at the root. It rarely ripens its seed
at Kew,

DeEscription.—Shrub, 3-10 ft. ‘high, much branched,
the twigs distinctly striate and at first clothed with
spreading hairs. Leaflets obovate or obovate-oblong,
more or less obtuse, apiculate, 1-2 long, 1-1 in. wide,
glabrous above, pubescent beneath. //owers in clusters,
sometimes almost umbellate, of 3—9 on specialised lateral
twigs ; pedicels hardly ,!, in. long, rather villous, minutely
bracteate about the middle, 2-bracteolate at the tip.
Calye 2-lipped, 4-5 in. long, rather villous; teeth of the
upper lip minute, the central rather longer than the
others, those of the lower lip triangular. Corolla yellow,
+ in. long; peta’s nearly of the same length, the standard
wide-oblong or rounded-elliptic and glabrous, the wings
glabrous, the keel blunt and sparingly silky upwards.
Pod 4-14 in. long, } in. wide, silkily hairy.

Fig. 1, a flower, the petals ; ; i ; ‘
petal 6, pistll:-aenlangay ee

8686

uv

Vincent

pr
Leicbenol bere
a ae saa ae

Broolzs,Day & SonLt.timp

Tas. S686.
CLEMATIS AFro.LiaTA,
New Zealund.

RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe CLEMATIDEAE,

Ciematis, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 8.

Clematis afoliata, J. Buch. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. vol. iii. p. 211 (1871);
T. Kirk, Students’ Fl. p. 8; Cheeseman, Man. N.Z. Fl. p. 5; caulibus

aphyllis distincta. :

Frutex scandens caulibus ramulisque longis saepius dense intertextis. Ramult
graciles, rigidi, striati, glabri. Jolia in planta matura saepissime ad
petiolos redacta, rarius foliola tria minuta longipetiolulata ovata vel
triangularia gerentia; folia in plantis juvenibus saepius majora ; petioli
graciles, 2-10 cm. longi. Flores dioici, in axillis fasciculati, binati ad
quinati, rarius solitarii, viridulo-albi, 2-3 cm. diametro; pedunculi basi
perulati, apice bibracteolati, ut pedicelli densiuscule pilosi. Flores 9:
Sepala 4, lanceolata, acuta, circiter 1°5 cm. longa, extra sericea. Stami-
nodia pauca filamentis valde applanatis, antheris effoetis oblongo-linearibus.
Pistilla numerosa. Ovariwm pilosum. <Achaenia ovoidea, sericea. Flores
¢: Antherae (teste Cheeseman) lineares.—C. aphylla, Colens. in Trans.
N.Z. Inst. vol. xix. p. 259 (1886).—T. A. Spracus.

Clematis afoliata exhibits an interesting stage in the
development of aphylly in which only the leaflets are
suppressed, whilst the petioles are fully developed. The
New Zealand species of Clematis are all endemic and all
dioecious and are mostly difficult to discriminate, both
on account of the separation of the sexes, and because of
the polymorphy of their foliage. C. afoliata is, however,
readily recognizable on account of its leafless appearance ;
according to Cheeseman, it often forms dense masses of
intertwined stems and branches several feet in length.
For the material for our illustration we are indebted to
Miss Willmott, in whose garden at Warley Place, Great
Warley, Essex, C. afoliata, grown on a sunny wall, is,

when in full flower, a very striking plant. For its

introduction, Miss Willmott informs us, her garden was

indebted to her uncle, Mr. Charles Willmott, who sent

its seeds from New Zealand nearly forty years ago. An

interesting addition to outdoor collections, this species

will require protection during winter except perhaps in
NoveMBeEr, 1916.

the warmer south-western districts of the United
Kingdom.

Description.— Shrub, stems and branches long, often
intricately interlaced ; twigs slender, stiff, striate, gla-
brous. Leaves in full-grown plants usually reduced to
petioles, rarely furnished with 3 minute long-petioluled
ovate or triangular leaflets; in young plants the leaves
often well developed; petioles slender, 3-4 in. long.
Flowers dioecious, in fascicles of 2-5, rarely solitary, in
the leaf-axils, greenish-white, 3-11 in. across ; peduncles
perulate at the base, 2-bracteolate at the apex, rather
densely hairy throughout. Female flowers: Sepals 4,
lanceolate, acute, about 3 in. long, silky outside. —Stami-
nodes few, their filaments much flattened; anthers
oblong-linear, sterile. Pistils numerous. Ovary pilose.
Achenes ovoid, silky. Male flowers: Anthers, according
to Cheeseman, linear.

_. Fig. 1, tip of leafless petiole; 2, bracteoles; 3, sepal; 4, staminode ;
5, carpel :—wll enlarged.

~

8687

a d,
Vincert. Brooks,Day & Son LA* imp.

MS.del.J.N Fitch lith

L Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8687.
ARTANEMA LONGIFOLIUM.

Tropical Asia and Tropical Africa.

ScRoPHULARIACEAE. ‘Tribe GRATIOLEAE.

ArtaneMa, Don; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 953,

Artanema longifolium, Vatke in Linnaea, vol. xliii. p. 807 (var.); Engl. PA,
Ost-Afr. C, p. 857; ab A. fimbriato, Don, foliis multo latioribus saepe
distincte petiolatis, pedicellis paulo brevioribus, corollae majoris tubo
minus attenuato lobisque postico emarginato excepto integerrimis differt.

Herba perennis, erecta, parce ramosa, 3 dm.-1 m. alta. Cawlis acute quad-
rangularis, late 2-sulcatus, ad angulos leviter scabridulus. Folia opposita,
petiolata vel superiora subsessilia, oblongo-lanceolata vel late lanceolata,
apice acuta vel acuminata, basi attenuata, plus minusve serrata, supra
saepe leviter scabridula, 5-13 cm. longa, 1°2-4 cm. lata; petiolus ad 2 cm.
longus. Racemus terminalis, strictus, sat laxe multiflorus, 4-13 cm.
longus ; bracteae ovatae, lanceolatae vel subulatae, 4-12 mm. longae;
pedicelli arcuato-ascendentes, 4-12 mm. longi, minute hispiduli. Calyx
5-partitus, 7-9 mm. longus, saepe minute hispidulus, impresso-punctatus ;
lobi imbricati, ovato-lanceolati, acuminati. Corolla atropurpurea vel
lilacino-violacea, extra pilis brevissimis glandulosis albis dense conspersa,
intus pallidiora ; tubus infundibuliformis, 2-8 cm. longus, basin versus
annulo fovearum 5 profunde constrictus ; limbus leviter 2-labiatus, 4-
lobatus; lobi plus minusve patentes, late ovati vel rotundati, ad 1 cm.
longi et 1°2 cm. lati, postico emarginato excepto integerrimi. Stamina 4,
2 postica tubo inclusa, 2 antica sub lobo postico conniventia, filamentorum
basi squama lata instructa; antherae per paria cohaerentes, loculis diver-
gentibus apice confluentibus. Ovarium ovoideum, 4mm. longum, glabrum,
basi disco pallide luteo incrassato cinctum; stylus corollae tubo paulo
brevior, apice 2-lamellatus. Capsula subglobosa, ad 10 vel 12 mm. diam.
—A, sesamoides, Benth. Scroph. Ind. p. 39, et in DC. Prodr. vol. x. p. 408 ;
Wight, Ic. t. 1410; Hook. f. Flor. Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p. 274; Skan in Dyer
Flor. Trop. Afr. vol. iv. sect. 2, p. 827. A. longiflorum, Wettst. in Engl.
& Prantl, Pflanzenfam. vol. iv. 3 B, p. 79. Columnea longifolia, Linn.
Mant. p. 90. Sesamum javanicum, Burm. f. Fl. Ind. p. 183. Achimenes
sesamoides, Vahl. Symb. Bot. vol. ii. p. 71. Diceros longifolius, Pers. Syn.
vol. ii. p. 164. Bahelia longifolia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. vol. ii. p. 458.—
S. A. Skan.

The small genus Artanema, comprising only three or
four species, is closely allied to Torenia, differing chiefly
in having a deeply divided calyx with imbricate lobes,
and a rather large flattened appendage at the base of
the filaments of the two anterior stamens, while in
Torenia the obliquely 3-5-toothed or 2-lipped calyx is
tubular and is plicate or winged, and the appendage at

NoveMBER, 1916,

the base of the filaments is a bristle-like tooth. It was
established. by D. Don in 1834 on a plant raised in the
Edinburgh Botanic Garden from seeds received in 1830
from Mr. Charles Fraser, who collected them on the
banks of the River Brisbane at Moreton Bay, Queens-
land. This plant was first described by Graham in 1831
as Torenia jimbriata, and later in the same year was
figured at plate 3104 of this Magazine under the name of
T. scabra, Graham. It is probable that this species
(Artanema jfimbriatum, Don) is not now in cultivation.
A, longifolium is widely distributed in India, occurring in
the Deccan Peninsula from the Concan southwards ; it
is also met with in Lower Burma, Ceylon, Sumatra,
Java, Borneo and the Philippine Islands. In West

Tropical Africa it ranges from the Gold Coast to the

Cameroons, extending to the Upper Congo, while the
variety amplevicaule, Skan, with amplexicaul or semi-

amplexicaul leaves, is known from British East Africa. .

Seeds of the plant figured were sent to Kew from Nigeria
in 1914 by Mr. 8. W. Dunn of the Audit Office, Calabar.
Flowers were produced in a warm house in July, 1915,
and again during the summer of 1916. In cultivation it
ripens seeds freely. Collectors describe the colour of
the flowers as lilac-violet or dark purple, while Barter,
referring to a specimen collected by him in Southern
Nigeria, stated that it had deep crimson flowers. This
specimen is in the Kew Herbarium and appears to be
identical with A. longifolium. The colour of the flowers
cannot now be determined. According to Miller the
vernacular name of the plant in Lagos is Sokoyokoto
and its leaves are used as a vegetable by the natives.

DxEscripTion.—Herb, perennial, erect, sparingly bran-
ched, 1-3 ft. high. Stem acutely 4-angled, widely 2-sul-
cate, angles slightly scabrid. Leaves opposite, petioled
or the uppermost nearly sessile, oblong-lanceolate or
wide lanceolate, acute or acuminate, base narrowed,
margin more or less serrate, often faintly scabrid above,
2-5 in. long, 3-1) in. wide; petiole up to # in. long.
faceme terminal, strict, rather laxly many-flowered, 15-
5 in. long ; bracts ovate, lanceolate or subulate, }—} in.
long; pedicels curved-ascending, 1-£ in. long, finely

fava ae een re

hispidulous. Calyx 5-partite, about } in. long, often
finely hispidulous, punctate; lobes imbricate, ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla dark purple or lilac-
violet, densely beset outside with white short glandular
hairs, paler within; tube funnel-shaped, {-1} in. long,
near the base narrowed by a ring of 5 pits ; limb slightly
2-lipped, 4-lobed ; lobes somewhat spreading, wide-ovate
or rounded, over } in. long, 4 in. wide, the upper emar-
ginate, the others entire. Stamens 4, the 2 posterior
included, the 2 anterior connivent under the upper
corolla-lobe ; filaments with a broad basal scale ; anthers
cohering in pairs, their cells divergent and confluent at
the tip. Ovary ovoid, } in. long, glabrous, surrounded
at the base by a pale yellow thickened disk ; style rather
shorter than the corolla-tube, 2-lamellate at the top.
Capsule subglobose, nearly 4 in. in diameter.

Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, base of corolla, laid open; 3 and 4, anthers;
5, ovary and disk; 6, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

8688

Vincent Brooks,Day & Son. Ladimp.

MS.del JN Fitch. 1ith

L Reeve & C? London.

Tas. 8688,
ROSA CERASOCARPA.

China,

Rosaceak. Tribe Roszar,’
Rosa, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 6265,

Rosa (§ Synstylae) cerasocarpa, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1915, p. 89; a
R. longicuspidi, Bert., foliolis paucioribus et majoribus, sepalis angusti-
oribus, et fructibus minoribus differt.

Frutex scandens vel subscandens, alta. Rami glauci vel subglauci, aculeis
validis recurvis basi late dilatatis sparse armati. Folia 12-18 em. longa,
5-foliolata vel rarissime 8-foliolata, rhachis breviter glandulosa et sparse
aculeata ; foliola breviter petiolulata, ovata vel elliptico-ovata, acuminata,
argute serrata, glabra vel subglabra, subcoriacea, 5-10 cm. longa, 2°5-5 em.
lata, subtus glaucescentia, venis prominentibus ; stipulae adnatae, angus-
tissimae, apice liberae, divergentes et acuminatae, marginibus sparse
glandulosis. Flores 2°5-3 cm. diametro, in cymas terminales corymbi-
formes 8-15 cm. diametro multifloras dispositi; pedicelli 2-4 em. longi,
crebre glandulosi. Receptaculum anguste obovoideum, 4 mm. longum,
villosum et glandulosum. Calycis lobi oblongo-lanceolati, acuminati vel

- caudato-acuminati, pubescentes, et glandulosi, interdum pinnatisecti, 7-8
mum. longi, reflexi. Petala cuneato-obcordata, alba, circiter, 1°2 em. longa.
Filamenta glabra, 7-8 mm. longa. Carpella copiose villosa; styli in
columnam connati, 6 mm. longi. #'ructus globosus, saturate ruber, circiter
1 cm. longus, calycis lobis et stylis deciduis.—R. A. Roure.

The Rose here figured is a member of the Synstylae,
and is one of the group whereof the well-known Aosa
moschata, Herm., figured at t. 7241 of this work, is the
type. The material for our plate was supplied by
Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, The Ferns, Witcombe, who
informs us that his plant was obtained originally from
China through the late Sir Thomas Hanbury, La Mortola.
The flowering branch figured was received in June, the
fruiting spray in November, 1914. The plant has thriven
well under the conditions suitable for A. moschata, and
when in full blossom is singularly pleasing. Like other
members of the group to which &. moschata belongs,
the present species, described by Mr. Rolfe as 2. ceraso-
carpa, from the plant here figured, is difficult to delimit.
When the original account was prepared Rolfe identified
as belonging to his new species a specimen in fruit

Decremzer, 1916, :

collected by Mr. A. Henry at Ichang in Central China
(Henry n. 2952) and with some hesitation referred to it
a second specimen obtained by the same traveller in
North Patung (//enry n. 7007). The latter, however, has
a rather more ellipsoid fruit, and Rehder and Wilson
have recently referred it to Rk. Rubus, Lev. and Vaniot,
a species previously known only from the original speci-
men, collected at Kouy-tcheou by the Abbé Martin,
which, according to its authors, has the styles free. At
the same time Rehder and Wilson (Pl. Wils. vol. ii.
p- 312) have treated FR. cerasocarpa itself as a form of
ft. Gentiliana, Lev. and Vaniot, a species met with at
Kiang-seu by the Abbé d’Argy. But the Rose now
described differs from the original specimen of R. Genti-
liana, figured by Miss Willmott in her monograph of the
genus ftosa; in our plant the leaflets are longer, more
acuminate, and of a firmer texture; the stipules are
narrower and less fimbriate; the pedicels are more
densely glandular.

DEsoRIPTION.—Shrub, tall and scandent or subscan-
dent ; branches more or less glaucous, sparingly beset with
stout, recurved, wide-based prickles. Leaves 5—7 in. long,
_5-foliolate or occasionally only 3-foliolate ; rachis shortly
glandular and sparingly prickly; leaflets shortly petio-
lulate, ovate or elliptic-ovate, acuminate, sharply serrate,
glabrous or nearly so, subcoriaceous, 2-4 in. long, 1—2 in.
wide, glaucescent beneath, prominently veined ; stipules
adnate, very narrow, free divergent and acuminate
above, their margins sparingly glandular. Flowers 1-1}
in. wide, in terminal corymbiform many-flowered cymes
3-6 in. across; pedicels 3-14 in. long, closely glandular.
Receptacle narrow-obovoid, 4 in. long, villous and glan-
dular. Caly«-lobes oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or cau-
date-acuminate, pubescent and glandular, at times
pinnatisect, about 1 in. long, reflexed. Petals white,
cuneate-obcordate, about } in. long. Filaments glabrous,
about 5 in. long. Carpels very villous; styles united in
acolumn, tin. long. wit globose, deep red, over } in.
long; calyx-lobes and styles deciduous.

<< lig, I, vertical section of a flower, the petals removed ; 2 and 3, stamens;
4, carpels; 5, a fruit; 6, an achene:—all enlarged, mee

8689

eee arnnannaremmmmmen rpm tity
unapectemnsnromnneyea

M.S.del. J.N Fitch. lith.

L Reeve & C? London. -

HUNTLEYA citrRina.

Columbia.

OrcHipackar, Tribe VANDEAE.

Huntieya, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. sub t. 1991. Zygopetalum § Huntleya, Benth.
et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 548,

Huntleya citrina, Rolfe; ab H. apiculata, Rolfe (Batemannia apiculata,
Reichb. f.) floribus citrinis nec albis, et labelli dentibus valde incurvis differt,

Herba epiphytica, Folia numerosa, disticha, suberecta, oblanceolato-oblonga,
acuta, 15-22 cm. longa, 2-2°8 cm. lata, plicata, pallide viridia, basi
attenuata et conduplicata. Flores axillares, solitarii, citrini, labelli crista
sanguinea. Bracteae lanceolatae, acutae, in axillis foliorum inclusae.
Pedicelli circiter 5 cm. longi. Sepala patentia, ovata, acuta, circiter 2 em.
longa. Petala elliptico-ovata, acuta, sepalis subaequalibus. Labellum
breviter unguiculatum, 1°5 cm. longum, trilobum ; lobus intermedius late
ovatus, apiculatus, circiter 1°5 cm. latus; lobi laterales auriculati, sub-
erecti, breves, marginibus in dentibus subulatis valde incurvis extensis
antice cum crista denticulata continuis. Colwmna incurva, circiter 0:5 em.
longa, alis auriculatis. Pollinia 4, pyriformia, glandula pandurato-oblonga
affixa.—R. A. Roure.

The attractive Orchid here figured has a somewhat
obscure, history. It formed part of the collection of the
late Sir Trevor Lawrence at Burford, Dorking, and was
one of the species which the late Lady Lawrence pre-
sented to Kew in 1914. Inthe Burford collection it was
grown as a Chondrorhyncha, though there was no evidence
as to whence the plant had come or by whom this name
had been suggested. At Kew it has thriven well in a
tropical house under the conditions suitable for species
of Zygopetalum, and in July, 1915, it produced the flowers
which enabled our figure to be prepared. In the orchid
collection of the late Consul F. C. Lehmann, Mr. Rolfe
has found two drawings of the species here represented.
_ Neither has been named, but one of them bears a refer-
ence by Lehmann to an unnumbered and unnamed speci-
men, and this specimen is in turn accompanied by a cross
reference to the unnumbered drawing. The Lehmann
herbarium contains two other specimens of the same
species, one referred to the genus Huntleya, the other to
Batemannia. Thus all three Lehmann specimens, as well

DecEeMBER, 1916,

as the Lehmann drawing, belong to the species grown
at Burford as a Chondrorhyncha. The plant, for which
hitherto no specific name has been proposed, belongs
to the genus Huntleya of Lindley. This genus Reichen-
bach included in the genus Batemannia of Lindley, a
view which Bentham was unable to accept, though he
preferred to treat Huntleya as a section of Zygopetalum,
Hook., rather than as a genus apart. The more ample
material now available has led to the abandonment of
Bentham’s treatment, and Huntleya is now generally
regarded as a valid and distinct genus. One species,
H. Burtii, Rolfe, has already been figured at t. 6003
under the name Batemannia Burtii, Endr. & Reichb. f.
The facts regarding H. citrina, the species here described,
which have been adduced in this note, at least suggest
the possibility that Sir Trevor Lawrence may have
received it from Lehmann. <A number of interesting
Orchids did find their way to the Burford collection from
Mr. Lehmann, among them the remarkable Trevoria
Chloris, Lehm., figured at t. 7805 of this Magazine and

the equally striking Sievekingia Reichenbachiana, Rolfe,
figured at t. 7576.

_ Desoriprion.—Herb, epiphytic. Leaves numerous, dis
tichous, suberect, oblanceolate-oblong, acute, 6—1] in.
long, $-1; in. wide, plicate, pale green, narrowed to the
conduplicate base. Flowers axillary, solitary, pale yellow
except for the blood-red crest of the lip; bracts lanceo-
late, acute, enveloped by the leaf-base ; pedicels about
2 in. long. Sepals spreading, ovate, acute, about % in.
long, Petals elliptic-ovate, acute, about as long as the
sepals. Lip shortly clawed, % in. long, 3-lobed; mid-
lobe wide-ovate, apiculate, about 3 in. wide; lateral lobes
auriculate, suberect, short, the margins, prolonged into
subulate much incurved teeth, continuous in front with _
the denticulate crest. Column incurved, about 1} in.
long, its wings auriculate. Pollinia 4, pyriform, adnate
to a pandurate-oblong gland.

Fig. 1, lip; 2, base of lip, showing the incurved tas teeth continuous in
ee tor Samco crest; 3, column; 4, sagen 5, pollinia and

a

MS.del. JN. Fitch hth. ey Brooks, Day & Son Lt*imp

_ LReeve &C*%London

Tas, 8690.
SANGUISORBA optusa, var, AMOENA,

Japan,

*

Rosaceak. Tribe Porerieak,

SanaursorBa, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 624, sub Poterium ;
Focke in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanaenfam. vol. iii. pars 8, p. 44.

Sanguisorba obtusa, Maxim. in Bull, Acad. Pétersb. vol. xix. (1874), p. 160,
var. amoena, Jesson; a planta typica statura robustiore, glabritie, spicis
petiolulisque longioribus, foliolis subtus admodum glaucis differt.

Herba perennis, caulescens, Caulis usque ad 12 dm. altus, 7 mm, diametro,
erectus, laxe ramosus vel simplex. Folia radicalia longe petiolata,
12-48 cm. longa, 5-16-foliolata; foliola obtuso-ovata vel elliptica, basi
obtusa vel subcordata, 3°5-6 cm. longa, 2-5 cm. lata, supra pallide viridia,
subtus admodum glauca, margine obtuse vel acute serrata, rhachis ad
nodos parcissime pubescens; petiololi tenues, usque ad 2°5 cm. longi.
Spica centrifuga, cylindrica, 5-9 em. longa, rhachis tomentoso-pubescens ;
bracteae lanceolatae vel subspatulatae, apice acuminatae, 8 mm. longae,
ciliatae, pilis albidis instructae; bracteolae 2, lineares, 2 mm. longae, pilis
eis bractearum similibus. Flores sessiles, roseo-purpurei. Sepala 4,
persistentia, orbiculata, 8 mm. longa, apice calloso-mucronata, 3-nervia,
extra inferne pubescentia vel vetustiora fere glabra. Receptaculi tubus
pubescens, quadrangularis. Discus inconspicuus. Stamina plerumque 6,
ealyce triplo vel quadruplo longiora, filamentis planis medio dilatatis,
apice subito attenuatis e basi saepe plus minusve connatis. Antherae vix
1 mm. longae, roseae. Stylus calycem superans. Stigmata fimbriata.
Achaenium coriaceum, 2 mm. longum; tubo calycis indurato, 4-gono.—
EK. M. JEsson.

The hardy perennial Sanguwisorba here figured is a
native of Japan which was first introduced into this
country by Messrs. Barr and Sons, in whose nursery it
flowered in August, 1910. Plants received from Messrs.
Barr early in 1913 flowered at Kew for the first time in
the summer of that year. It forms a plant of bushy
habit, three to four feet high, and produces flowers
freely throughout the summer months. So far no good
seeds have been produced, but the plant is readily
increased by division and grows freely in any position, in
good soil. Typical S. obtusa has been found as a wild
plant on Mt. Hayachine and elsewhere at elevations of
from 5000 to 7500 feet feet above sea-level in the island
of Nippon, and a variety, S. obtusa, var albiflora, has been
described from Mt. Kurikoma, Rikuchu. The variety

DecEemMBER, 1916,

here described is very closely allied to a form described
by Professor Makino as S. hakusanensis, from Shirouma |
in the province of Shinano, which is probably also a
variety of S. obtusa. Makino adverts to the close rela-
tionship which his plant bears to S. obtusa, but separates
it specifically on account of the difference in the number
of its stamens—nine to ten, and the colour of its
anthers. A specimen in the British Museum, collected
by Mr. H. Takeda, seems to indicate that the number of
Stamens is not a satisfactory character, and it has been
pointed out by Velenovsky that in the genus Sanguisorba
as a whole the number of stamens is variable; in late
developed spikes, for example, reduction to even two
stamens may occur, In the plant figured the filaments
are often united, sometimes nearly to the apex,

DEScRIPTION.— Herb, perennial; stem erect, 3-4 ft.
high, simple or branched. Leaves: radical long-petioled,
5-20 in. long, 5-16-foliolate; leaflets bluntly ovate or
elliptic, base obtuse or somewhat cordate, 14-23 in.
long, 3-2 in. wide, pale green above, somewhat glaucous
beneath, margin bluntly or sharply serrate, rachis
sparingly pubescent at the attachment of the leaflets ;
petiolules slender, up to 1 in. long. Spike centrifugal,
cylindric, 2-33 in. long; rachis tomentose; bracts
lanceolate or subspathulate, acuminate, } in. long, ciliate
with white hairs; bracteoles 2, linear, ys in. long,
ciliate like the bracts. Flowers sessile, rose-purple.
Sepals 4, persistent, orbicular, x in. long, mucronate, the
tip thickened, 3-nerved, Sparingly pubescent outside
near the base or when old almost glabrous. eceptacle
with a pubescent, 4-angled tube. Disk inconspicuous.
Stamens usually 6, 3-4 times as long as the calyx; fila-
ments flat, widened in the middle, suddenly narrowed at
the top, often more or less connate below. <Anthers rose-
coloured, very short. Stigmas fimbriate. Achene firm,
7'z in long; persistent calyx-tube hardened, 4-angled.

Fig. 1 and 2, flowers; 8, vertical section of the same, with bases of stamens
and style; 4, a compound stamen; 5 and 6, stamens :—all enlarged except 1,
which is of natural size, ee

691

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Tas. 8691.
ABIES cCEPHALONICA.

Greece.

ConIFERAE. Tribe ABIETINEAE.

Antes, Juss., ex parte; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 441; Eichl,

in Engl. é Prantl, Naturl. Pflanzenfam. vol. ii. pars i, p. 81,

Abies cephalonica, Loud. Arboret. Brit. vol. iv. p. 2825, fig. 2285, 2236;

et Gard. Mag. vol. xiv. (1838), p. 81, fig. 6, 7, et vol. xv. (18389),
p. 238, fig. 50-52; Forbes, Pinet. Woburn. 119, cum ic; Link in Linnaea,
vol. xv. P- 580; Carr. Conif. p. 211 et ed. ii, p. 283; Heldr. Nutzpfl.
Greichenl. p. 13 et Fl. Céphal. p. 67; Henkel & Hochst. Syn. Nadeth.
pp. 180-183 (incl. vars. a, parnassica et B, arcadica); C. Koch, Dendr.
vol. ii, pars ii. p. 225; Spreitzenh. in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien,
vol. xxvii. (1877), p. 730; Mast. in. Gard. Chron. 1884, vol. xxii. p. 592

_ cum ic., ein Journ. R. Hort. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 190; Boiss. Fl. Or. vol. v.

p. 702; Betsen., Nadeholzk. p. 488, et ed. ii. p. 130; Mowillef., Trait.
Arbr. et Arbriss. vol. ii. p. 1250, t. xxvi. (ter); Veitch, Man. Conif.
p. 498; Haldcsy, Fl. Graec. vol. iii. p. 450; Elwes d Henry, Trees of Great
Brit. é Irel. vol. iv. p. 739, tab. 214; Clinton-Baker, Ill. Conif. vol. ii.
p. 9 cum tab. 2; ab A. pectinata, DC., habitu et imprimis foliis subacutis,
acutis vel cuspidatis, nunquam emarginatis distincta.

Arbor ad 30 m. alta, trunco ad 1 m. diametro, cortice griseo-brunneo demum

in plagas oblongas parvas soluto; rami longi, horizontales vel superiores
sursum curvati; ramuli glabri, primo virescentes, deinde cinerascentes.
Gemmae ovoideae, obtusiusculae, ad 5 mm, longae, resinosae, perulis
ovatis acutis ad ramulorum bases diu persistentibus. Folia per 7-9 annos
persistentia, linearia, plerumque breviter acuta, rarius obtusa vel subacuta
vel cuspidato-pungentia, 15-25 mm. longa, raro longiora recta, vel magis
minusve curvata, crasse coriacea, supra saturate viridia, nervo medio
leviter impresso, infra lineis duobus latis albis inter costam et margines
depressis notata. Strobili masculi cylindrici, obtusi, 12-15 mm. longi,

saturate vineo-purpurei. Strobili feminei solitarii vel 2-8-ni, cylindrici,

circiter 5-7 cm. longi, 1°5-2 em. crassi. Carpella sub anthesi spathulata,
ad latera et in vertice denticulata, cuspide longiusctlo reflexo vel versus
strobilorum apices rigide patulo 8-5 mm. longo imposito. Squamae
ovuliferae sub anthesi carpella cuspide dempto aequantes, ex ungue brevi
lato valde dilatatae, latiores quam longae, ad margines laterales denti-
culatae, in vertice tenuiter rufo-velutinae. Coni cylindrici, obtusi vel

-apice conico-attenuati, 12-17 cm. longi, 3°5-5 cm. crassi, brunnescentes,

interdum purpureo leviter suffusi; squamae maturae circiter 15-20 mm.
longae, ad 25 mm. vel paulo ultra latae, forma paulo mutatae, quam

lla haud aucta cuspide dempto paulo longiores. Semina oblonga
cum ala late oblonga truncata aequilonga circiter 15 mm. longa, purpureo-
fuscescentia.—A. luscombeana, Hort. ex Loud. Arb. Brit.l.c. A. Apollinis,

- Link in Linnaea, vol. xv. (1841), p. 528; Antoine, Conif. p. 73; Heldr.1.c.;

eo

Unger, Reise Griechenl. pp. 90, 91, 121; K. Koch, 1. ¢. p. 223; Boiss. l.c.; |
Haladesy in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 1888, p. 762. A. peloponnesiaca,
Koch in Wochenschr. f. Girtn. & Pflanzenk. vol. i. Gartennachr. p. 12

(momen). A. reginae Amaliae, Held. in Regel, Gartenfl. 1860, p. 313, et |

ECEMBER, 1916,

1861, p. 286 et Nutzpfi. Griechenl. p, 18; Seemann in Gard. Chron., 1861,
p. 756; Fraas, Fl. Class. p. 262. A. pectinata, var. graeca, Fraas, 1. ¢.
A. panachaica, Heldr. in Regel Gartenfi. 1861, p. 286 et Nutzpfl. Griechenl.
l.c. Pinus Abies, Dallaporta, Prosp., p.124,non L. P. Abies, var. Apollinis,
Endl. Conif. p. 98. P. Abies, 8 cephalonica, Parl. in DC. Prodr. vol. xvi.

ars ii. p. 422. P. cephalonica, Antoine, Conif. p. 71, tab. 27, fig. 1;

ndl. 1. c.; Unger, Reise Griechenl. p. 121. P. Picea, Sibth. & Sm. Fl.
Graec. vol. ii. p. 247; Chaub. & Spach., Exp. Scient. de Morée. p. 274;
Fl. Pelop. p. 64, non L. Picea cephalonica, Loud. Arboret. Brit. p. 1039,
fig. 1940-1946; Knight, Syn. Conif. p. 88; Gord. Pinet. p. 146; Murray
in Proc. R. Hort. Soc. vol. iii. p. 141; Laws. Pinet. Brit. vol. ii. p. 175
eum ic, P. kukunaria, Wenderoth, Pfl. Bot. Girt. p. 11. P. Apollinis,
P. panachaica et P, reginae Amaliae, Murr. l.c.—O. Starr.

The Abies which forms the subject of our illustration
was first described as A. cephalonica in 1838 from
specimens raised in England from seed sent home in
1824 by General Charles Napier, then Governor of
Cephalonia. Loudon, the author of the species, at the
time believed that it is confined to Cephalonia. It so
happens that in the same year (1838) H. F. Link, then
Director of the Botanic Garden at Berlin. collected on
Mount Parnassos specimens of a Silver Fir which at first
he considered identical with the tree from Cephalonia.
But when he subsequently saw the figure of A. cephalonica
given by Forbes in the Hortus Woburnensis and the
actual specimen of the tree in the park at Woburn, Link
formed the conclusion that the Mount Parnassos tree
was different from A. cephalonica, and in 1841 described
his plant as A. Apollinis. In 1847 Endlicher accepted
the Silver Fir from Cephalonia as a distinct species,
Pinus cephalonica, Endl., but treated the Mount Parnassos
one as a form of the common Silver Fir, Pinus Abies
Apollinis. The discovery in 1856 of a forest of Silver Fir
in the heart of the Peloponnesos by J. Schmidt, then
Director of the Athens Botanic Garden, and in 1860 by
Heldreitch of another Silver Fir forest on Mount
Voidhias, the Panachaicon of the ancients, in Achaia, led
to the publication of descriptions of two more species of
Abies from Greece, A. reginae Amaliae, Heldr., and A.
panachaca, Heldr., though of these the former had in
1858 been referred to by Koch as A. peloponnesiact. In
1851 Wenderoth, when placing the Cephalonian tree

in the genus Picea, described it as P. kukunaria, from the «

| local vernacular name. Since 18€0 Silver Firs have been

observed in many localities in Greece, Thessaly and
Macedonia, and the synonymy cited by Dr. Stapf
reflects well the confusing diversity of opinion which has
prevailed as to their relative status, the extreme views
varying from that of Heldreich, who has considered that
four distinct species are involved, and that of Parlatore,
who-has not only treated all of them as forms of one
tree, but has regarded the Greek Silver Fir as merely a
variety of the common Silver Fir of Central Europe. It
is clear that with the practical cultivator the view of
Parlatore can find no support; the differences between
any form of the Greek Silver Fir and A. pectinata are
sueh as to induce the conclusion that they cannot be
specifically the same as the Silver Fir of our collections.
But the view of Heldreich has been found as difficult to
accept. Practically all authors who have discussed the
subject, whether as the result of study of herbarium
material, of examples in gardens, or of wild trees in their
natural forest association, either look on the Greek Silver
Fir as one rather plastic and unstable species, or believe
themselves able to distinguish two definite forms.
Among authors who take the latter view there is, how-
ever, a difference of opinion as to whether these two
Greck Silver Firs be distinct species or only varieties of
one; moreover, those authors who recognise two are by
no means unanimous as to the areas to be assigned to
each. Unger, who was the first to deal with the problem,
had made the acquaintance of Napier’s original tree in
Cephalonia, and of the Mount Parnassos form, A. Apollinis,
in Euboea; he was satisfied that the two are but local
modifications of the same species. Boissier, on the other
hand, recognised two species, A. cephalonica, confined to
the island which gives it this name, and A. Apollinis,
confined to the mainland of Greece, though there with
two varieties, panachaica and reginae Amaliae respectively.
Halacsy, who visited some of the Greek Silver Fir forests,
and who probably had more material for study at his dis-
posal than any previous writer, assigned to A. cephalonica,
in addition to the island of Cephalonia, an area on the
mainland from Doris to Attica and in the Peloponnesos

~ grom Achaia to Central Arcadia. The rest of the Greek

Silver Fir he treated as a slight variety, Apollinis, with

an area extending from Thessaly and Epirus to Euboea,
and thence to Attica and those parts of the Peloponnesos
east of Achaia and east and south of Arcadia. In
Attica, therefore, the areas of Haldcsy’s two varieties
overlap, and from his descriptions we gather that the
diagnosis of the two is equally uncertain. From
true A. cephalonica, which has ‘acuminate mucronate-
pungent’ leaves, he separates var. Apollinis with leaves
more or less ‘ acute,’ adding, however, that he can find —
no other difference in the living tree, and that among trees
of the Mount Parnassos variety he finds intermediates
approaching the Cephalonian type ; some of the specimens
cited under the variety may, he states, perhaps belong
rather to the type. The case for the fusion of the two
forms, we now know, is even stronger than Halacsy has
indicated, for leaves of cone-bearing branches of the
Silver Fir from Cephalonia itself are more often ‘acute *
than ‘acuminate and pungent’; on the other hand,
juvenile states of the Mount Parnassos tree have leaves
quite as pungent as those which were originally observed
in the young Cephalonian specimens from which the
figures of Loudon and Forbes were drawn. The con-
clusion arrived at by Unger seems therefore to be fully
justified; in the Greek Silver Fir we have to deal with
but one somewhat unstable species within which we
cannot, so far as existing knowledge goes, distinguish
with safety even local races, As cultivated in this
country, A. cephalonica is one of the most thriving of
Firs; an example at Barton, in Suffolk, has attained a
height of 100 feet. It likes a deep loamy moist soil
and is perfectly hardy. It may be raised from either
imported or home-ripened seeds. From other Silver
Firs grown in England it is readily distinguished by its
radially in place or more or less pectinately arranged
leaves which have acute or sharply pointed tips. The
tree from which the material for our plate was derived
is in the collection of Mr. L. N. Baxendale, Greenham
Lodge, Newbury. :

_ 3-4 ft. in diameter; bark grey-brown, afterwards break-
ing into small oblong flakes; branches long, horizontal :

or the topmost upcurved; twigs glabrous, at. first
ereenish, at length grey. Buds ovoid, rather blunt,
1 in. long, resinous; scales ovate, acute, long persisting
at the bases of the twigs. Leaves persisting for 7-9 years,
linear, usually shortly acute, rarely obtuse or subacute,
or cuspidate-pungent, 3—1 in. long, rarely longer, straight,
or more or less curved, thickly coriaceous, dark green
above with a slightly sunk midrib, beneath with two
broad sunk white lines between the midrib and the
edges. Male cones cylindric, blunt, }—-2 in. long, deep
vinous-purple. Hemale cones solitary or 2-3 together,
cylindric, 2-3 in. long, 2_8 in, thick. Carpels in flower
spathulate, denticulate at the sides and tip, with a
rather marked reflexed or, especially towards the top of
the cone, stiffly reflexed cusp. Uvuliferous scales in
flower as long as the carpels excluding their cusp, much
widened from a short broad claw, broader than long,
with denticulate edges, thinly rusty velvety at the top.
Cones when ripe cylindric, blunt or conical, 5-64 in. long,
13-2 in. thick, brown at times flushed with purple; ripe
scales 2—3 in. long, about 1 in. across, somewhat altered
in shape, and rather longer than the carpels exclusive of
their cusp. Seeds oblong, tawny purple, with a wide
oblong truncate wing as long as the body of the seed,
about 2 in. long, the wing included.
ao

“Figs. 1 and 2, leaves; 8, carpel and ovuliferous scale; 4, ovuliferous scale

* with seeds ; 5, seed :—all enlarged.