CTJRTIS'S
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
I
ILLUSTRATING AND DESCRIBING
IJIants of fyt ISopal Botanic ©artrrns of ISrto,
AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS;
EDITED BY
SIR DAVID PRAIN, C.M.G., CLE., LL.D., F.R.S.,
DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.
VOL. XI.
OF' THE FOURTH SERIES
(Or Vol. CXLI. of the Whole Work.)
\
11 Flowers worthy of Paradise which not nice Art
In beds' and curious knots, but Nature boon
Poured forth profuse."
Milton
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
CONTENTS OF No. 121, JANUARY, 1915.
Tab. 8592, 8593.— ENCEPHALARTOS HILDEBRANDTII.
„ • 8594.— COTONEASTER PANNOSA.
8595a.— MESEMBRYANTHEMUM THECATUM.
8595b.— MESEMBRYANTHEMUM STYLOSUM.
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8592
M . S . del, J.N.Htch. JitK.
"VSrvceniiBrookS/Day <ScSonLt. d imp
JL. Reeve ScC?Loj\dor\
8593
\
M.S.ck J] PitcKlith
"Vmoej-ii Brooks^ay&SonLt^imp
L Reeve & 09 T .cmion
Tab. 8592, 8593.
ENCEPHALARTOS Hildebrandtii.
East Africa.
Cycadaceae. Tribe Encephalarteae.
Encephalartos, Lehm. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 445,
Encephalartos Hildebrandtii, A. Braun et Bouche, Ind. San. Hort. Berol.
(1874) p. 8 ; A. Braun in Sitz. Ber. Gesellsch. Naturf. Frenndc 187b,
pp. 117-121 ; Bead in Gartenfl. 1876, p. 204 et 1877, p. 215 ; Eichler in
Monatschr. Ver. Befbrd. Gartenbau, 1880, vol. xxiii. p. 50 ; Hennmgs in
Gartenfl. 1890, pp. 234-237, Abbild. 55, figs. 1, 4, 4a-S ; Englerin Pflanzenw.
Ost-Afr. A, pp. 35, 78 ; B, p. 173 ; et C, p. 92 ; affinis E. villoso Lehm., a
quo recedit trunco magis elato, foliorum pinnis firimonbus pro longitudine
latioribus plerumque supra spinis marginalibus longius attenuate, praeser-
tim vero strobili feminei structura, nempe squamarum vertice rhombico
more conorum Pini specierum quarundam in apophysin excentncaui
elevato.
,im
obtecto humili vel ad 6 m. alto et 30 cm. diametro. Folia suberecta vel
exteriora— in planta culta quidem— patentia, rigida, leniter recurva, ad
2-75 m. longa, 30 cm. lata, petiolo rhachique primo lanuginosis deinde
glabratis postremo glaberrimis teretibus, pinnis utrinsecus 50-70 a basi ad
medium accrescentibus intermediis oblique lineari-lanceolatis apice acutis
spinescentibus ad 24 cm. longis 1-5-2-5 cm. latis utrinsecus spinis 4-1
(saepissime 3-2) armatis, spina summa plerumque ab apice remota, ngide
coriaceis glaberrimis obscure parallele nervosis, pinnis inferionbus per-
brevibus grosse spinoso-dentatis. Strobilus masculinus pedunculo ad 9 cm.
longo lanuginoso squamis sparsis obsito suffultus, cylindricus, 20-45 cm.
loneus, 6-10 cm. crassus, squamae a dorso visae late obovatee, vertice
dilatato rhomboideo l'5-2 cm. lato, 1-5 cm. alto, lateritio vel virescenti,
Biccando admodum contractae angulis lateralibus acutis supero inf eroque
obtusissimis, linea transversa et altera ab angulo supero ad medium ducta
elatis notato. Strobilus f emineus subsessilis, cylindricus, ad 60 cm. longus,
ad 18 cm. diametro alutaceo-luteus ; squamae a dorso visis ancorifornies,
capite 5 cm. lato 2' 5 cm. alto, ungue 2- 5 cm. longo, vertice rhomboideo
ad 5 cm. lato 2' 5 cm. alto, more conorum Pint specierum quarundam in
apophysin elevato apice truncato angulum inferiorem versus sito. bemina
ellipsoidea vel ovoidea, cinnabarina, ad 3 cm. longa, 2 cm. diametro.
E. villosus, forma Hildebrandtii, Hennings, I.e. 238.— 0. Staff.
The stately Cycad here described and figured was first
discovered by Sir John Kirk near Dar-es-Salam on the
East African Coast in 1868. The material originally
sent home consisted of some pinnae and a few seeds and
proved too incomplete for description. Two years later
he made the first attempt to introduce the plant to
European cultivation, but the stem which he sent home
January, 1915.
in 1870 unfortunately did not survive the journey.
Later in the same year Kew received from Sir John a
supply of seeds and some of these germinated, one of
the plants of this introduction being in the Kew collection
in 1881, growing alongside a fine male stem which was
successfully transported to this country in 1878. In
1884 Sir John Kirk was again able to transmit a male
and also a female stem, both of which have thriven well
under the conditions suitable for other tropical Cycads
in the Palm House at Kew, where they are still in
vigorous health and growth. From these have been
obtained the material from which the two plates here
given have been prepared.
In the meantime, however, the distinguished traveller
Mr. J. M. Hildebrandt had also met with the species on the
East African Coast over against the island of Zanzibar,
and at other points on the same coast as far north as
Mombasa. From the material obtained by him it was
described, as Encephalartos Hildebrandtii , by Professor
Braun and Mr. Bouche in 1874, and between 1874 and
1876 Hildebrandt secured and transmitted to various
European gardens a large number of stems. Relying on
the appearance of some of these, the late Professor Kegel
in 1876 suggested that the East African plant might
prove to be no more than a local form of the Natal
species, E. villosus, Lem., of which an account has been
given at t. 6654 of this work. The controversy thus
raised was taken up by Braun who pointed out the
differences between the two species, and in 1880 Pro-
fessor Eichler confirmed Braun's observations and even
suggested that the difference in the shape of the female
cone-scales justified the location of the two in distinct
sections. In 1890 Professor Hennings, however, on the
strength of a female specimen grown in a nursery at
Schomberg, near Berlin, which showed characters that
led him to consider it a connecting link between the
Natal and the East African plant, reverted to the view
expressed by Regel. The matter has again been very
fully discussed by Dr. Stapf in the Kew Bulletin for
1914, and the conclusion to which he has come, that the
view of Braun and Eichler is sound, while that of Regel
and Hennings cannot be sustained, seems incontrovertible.
The pinnae figured on t^ 8592 are rather wider than is
usual in this species.
Description. — Tree with a cylindric stem, sometimes
very short or at times up to. 20 ft. in height, 1 ft. in
diameter, closely beset with persistent imbricating leaf-
bases. Leaves suberect or — at least in cultivated speci-
mens — with the outer spreading, rigid, slightly recurved,
up to 9 ft. in length, 1 ft. wide, petiole and rachis at first
woolly but soon becoming glabrous and ultimately quite
smooth, terete ; pinnae 50-70 along each side increasing in
size from the base to the middle, the central ones obliquely
linear-lanceolate, with acute spinescent tips, up to 9 in.
long, f-1 in. wide, with from 4-1 (usually 2-3) spines
on each side, the uppermost spine generally some distance
below the tip, rigidly leathery, quite glabrous, indistinctly
parallel-nerved, the lowermost pinnae very short and
coarsely spinous-toothed. Male cone pedunculate, cylin-
dric, 8-18 in. long, 2J-4 in. thick ; scales as seen from
behind wide-obovate, with dilated rhomboid tip, -§-£ in.
wide, -| in. long, contracting somewhat in drying, brick-
red or greenish-red, their lateral angles acute, above and
below blunt, marked by a transverse raised fine and by
a second ridge extending from the upper angle to the
middle; peduncle up to 3| in. long, woolly, sparingly
scaly. Female cone subsessile, cylindric, up to 2 ft. long and
7 in. thick, leather-yellow; scales as seen from behind
anchor-shaped, the head up to 2 in. wide and 1 in. long,
claw 1 in. long, tip rhomboid up to 2 in. wide and 1 in.
long with a raised process, as in the scales of cones of
various species of Pinus, close to the lower angle and
truncate at its tip. Seeds ellipsoid or ovoid, vermilion,
II in. lono- £■ in. arrnss.
Tab. 8592. Fig. 1, a male scale; 2 and 3, anthers before and after the
discharge of their pollen respectively ; 4, sketch of the entire male plant :
1 of nattbral size, 2 and 3 enlarged, 4 much reduced.
Tab. 8593 Fig. 1, scale and seeds ; 2, sketch of the entire female plant :
i o/ natural size, 2 much reduced.
850*
M.5.d£u .Fftrihlith
a;
^mcervtBrooksJDay &.SonI.U*un
L. Reeve &C? London.
Tab. 8594.
COTONEASTER pannosa
Western China.
* "
Rosaceae. Tribe Pomaceae.
Cotoneaster, Medik. ; Bentli. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 627
Cotoneaster pannosa, Franch. in Plant. Delavay. p. 223 ; Bois in Bev.
Hort. 1907, p. 256 ; species C. Franchetii, Bois, quacum nonnunquam in
fruticetis confusa, quam maxime affinis, apte tamen foliis minoribus longius
petiolatis petalis magis patentibus fructu minore saturatius rubrescente
distinguenda.
Frutex deciduus, 2*25-2'5-metralis,laxe graciliterque ramosa; ramuli juniores
graciles, primum pallide fusco-tomentosi, demum glabri latereque subdiali
atro-purpurascentes. Folia ovata vel elliptica, apice acuta obtusa vel
rotundata, basi cuneata, margine integra, 0*8-3 cm. longa, 0' 4-1 "5 cm.
lata, supra sordide viridia primum parce pilosa, subtus dense cano-
tomentosa ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 4-6, obliqui ; petiolus 0'6 cm. longus,
tomentosus. Inflorescentia corymbosa ; corymbi 2*5-3 cm. lati, ramulos
foliigeros abbreviatos terminantes, 15-25-flori, anthesi aestivales. Flores
albi, 0*6-0*9 cm. lati ; calycis lobi 5, triangulari-ovati, dense lanosi;
petala 5, patentia, orbicularia ; stamina circiter 20, antheris puniceis ;
styli 2-3. Fructus globosus vel ovatus, 0*6 cm. longus, saturate ruber,
tomento laxo plus minusve obtectus ; pyrenae saepissime 2, compresso-
ovoideae, apice floccosae.— W. J. Bean.
The Cotoneaster which forms the subject of our figure
was discovered in 1886 on limestone mountains in South-
western Yunnan at altitudes of about 8,000 feet above
sea-level by the late Abbe Delavay. Young plants were
raised in 1888 from seeds sent by him to the Jardin des
Plantes, Paris, whence, six years later, the plant from
which material for our illustration has been prepared
was sent to Kew. In collections C. pannosa is sometimes
confused with C, Franchetii, Bois, to which it is closely
allied. Both have the same marked elegance in growth
and both are characterised by a thick tomentum on the
young shoots, lower surface of the leaves, pedicels and
calyx. But C. pannosa is readily distinguished from C.
Franchetii by its smaller leaves with longer petioles, purer
white and more spreading petals, and smaller fruits of a
duller deeper red. In the fruiting spray depicted on our
plate it will be observed that the majority of the fruits
January, 1915.
are oval, only those towards the ends of the branches
being globose or nearly so. Sometimes, however, the
proportion of globose to oval fruits is reversed, and taken
generally, globose fruits outnumber those that are oval.
Few shrubs are better adapted for a poor natural soil,
such as that of Kew, than the Cotoneasters, and C. pan-
nosa is no exception to this rule. It is perfectly hardy
and thrives admirably in loam of good or even moderate
quality. Propagation is easily effected by means of late
summer cuttings in gentle heat or, more slowly, by the
seed of which it produces such plentiful crops. This and
other species of the genus are to be recommended for
gardens situated on calcareous formations.
Description. — Shrub with decid
foliage, about
ft. high, of lax graceful habit ; young branches slender
clothed at first with a pale brown tomentum, ultimately
glabrous and dark purple on the side exposed to the
Leaves ovate to elliptical
bluntish or rounded at the ap
4 in. wide, dull sreen
1
6 8
above, clothed
the base
ire. 4-14
to
long
green and at first sparingly pilose
beneath with a whitish felt:* lateral
nerves oblique, four to six; petiole up to \ in. long,
tomentose. Corymbs 1-1J ins. wide, terminal on short
leafy twigs, 15-25-flowered, opening in late June or early
July
Flowers i to § in. wide ; calyx-lobes 5, triang
ovate, densely woolly; petals 5, spreading, ' orbicular
stamens about 20, with pink anthers; styles 2 or 3
Fruit roundish to oval, { in. long,
more or less with a loose
deep red, covered
tomentum. Pyrenes usually 2,
compressed-ovoid, floccose at the broad end
Fig. 1, bud ; 2, a flower in vertical section ; 3 and 4, stamens : 5, a pyrene :
all enlarged. L J
8595
V £\
\
\
1
A
/
M.S.deLJi^.Htclilith
VmceritBroo'lTR.Day &
rap
L Reeve (5^0? Loj ulo
Tab. 8595 A.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM thecatum.
South Africa.
Ficoideae. Tribe Mesembryeae.
Mesembryanthemum, Linn. ; Benth. et HooJc.f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 853
Mesembryanthemum thecatum, N. E. Br. ; species nova M. fraterno,
N. E. Br., affinis, sed plantulis coeruleo-viridibus punctis uiinoribus et
minus conspicuis floribus roseo-purpureis et starninibus paucioribus
differt.
Herba parva, acaulis, succulenta, caespitosa, glabra. Folia in corpuscula
obconica, apice leviter convexo-truncata, 7-10 mm. diametro fusa, coeruleo-
viridia, punctis sordide viridibus conspersa, fissura centrali 3 mm. longa,
pedunculos et ovaria includentia. Calyx tubulosus, apice 4-lobus, mem-
branaceus, albidus ; lobi ovati vel obovati, obtusi. Corolla gamopetala,
1'2-1'5 cm. diametiens, roseo-purpurea, luteo-oculata ; petala difformia,
exteriora 12-16, 2-seriata, 6-8 mm. longa, 1*5-2 mm. lata, cuneato-linearia,
apice obtusa vel denticulata, roseo-purpurea ; interiora 12-16, brevissima,
linearia, acuminata, lutea, interdum apice roseo-purpurea. Stamina 8,
2-seriata, medium tubum corollae attingentia, lutea. Stylus 1 ' 5-2 mm.
longus, starninibus brevior, apice 4-lobus, viridis. — N. E. Brown.
The pleasing little Mesembryanthemum here for the first
time described belongs to a group of species in that
large genus characterised by each branch or division of
the plant bearing at any one time but one pair of leaves
which are united for the whole or for part of their extent
into one mass, technically termed a " corpusculum."
When a fresh pair of leaves, united in a new corpusculum,
is being formed, the pair of the previous growth gradually
shrivel to a papery consistence through which the new
growth bursts. In the case of M. thecatum, depicted in
the upper half of our plate, the two leaves of each suc-
ceeding growth are united throughout and completely
envelop the peduncle and ovary, leaving at their apex
a mere fissure from which the actual flower protrudes.
The species is one of the novelties discovered by Professor
Pearson, Director of the National Botanic Garden of
South Africa at Kirstenbosch near Cape Town, in the
course of his very fruitful journey to the Orange River
undertaken in 1910-11 under the auspices and with the
January, 1915.
assistance of the Percy Sladen Trust. It was met with
growing on dry ridges south of Bakhuis in the Van
Rhynsdorp Division of Cape Colony, and the plant from
which our figure has been prepared formed part of a
very valuable collection of succulents collected by Pro-
fessor Pearson and his fellow-traveller on the expedition,
Mr. N. S. Pillans, which was presented to Kew in 1911.
It has thriven well and flowered freely under the con-
ditions suitable for Mesembryanthemums generally. Its
flowers open in the morning and close at night, and are
devoid of scent ; each flower lasts from four to six days.
Description. — Herb, small, stemless, succulent, tufted,
glabrous. Leaves consolidated in obconic bodies, some-
what convex-truncate at the tip, about \ in. thick,
bluish-green with dull green markings, central chink ^ in.
long, concealing the peduncle and the ovary. Calyx
tubular, 4-lobed at the tip, membranous, whitish ; lobes
ovate or obovate, obtuse. Corolla gamopetalous, .}-| in.
across, rose-purple with a yellow eye ; petals of two
types, the outer 12-16 are 2-seriate, 1~J in. long, T ^ in.
or less in width, linear-cuneate with blunt or denticulate
tips, rose-purple throughout, the inner 12-16 are very
short, linear, acuminate, yellow, sometimes rose-purple at
the tips. Stamens 8, 2-seriate, reaching the middle of the
corolla-tube, yellow. Style ^ in. long or less, shorter than
the stamens, 4-lobed at the tip, green.
and inner
l the upper part of a plan
all enlarged.
Tab. 8595 B.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM stylosum
South Africa.
Ficoideae. Tribe Mesembryeae.
Mesembryanthemum, Linn., Benth. et HooK f. Gen. Plant, vol. L p. 853.
Mesembryanthemum stylosum, N. E. Br. ; species nova M. bilobo, Marl.,
affinis sed major, lobis quam corpuscula longioribus et stylo staminibus
longiori differt.
Hcrba parva, acaulis, succulenta, laxe caespitosa, glabra. Folia in corpuscula
oblonga, apice 2-loba connata, 2*5-5 cm. alta, 1*2-1*5 cm. lata, 0*8-2 cm.
crassa, glauco-viridia, epunctata, lobi ad 2 cm. longi, obtusi, facie interiore
plani, dorso rotundati vel obscure carinati, compressi, saepe obliqui;
ovarium inclusum. Calyx tubulosus, apice 4-6-lobus, inclusus vel ex
parte exsertus ; lobi 3-6 mm. longi, 1 • 5-2 * 5 mm. lati, oblongi, obtusi vel
subacuti, submembranacei vel virides. Corolla gamopetala, 2-3*5 cm.
diametiens, lutea ; petala 45-56, 3-4-seriata, 1-1*8 cm. longa, 1-1*5 mm.
lata, linearia, obtusa. Stamina numerosa, breviter exserta, pallide lutea.
Stylus apice 5-6-lobus ; lobi subulati, rubro-aurantiaci, ultra stamina longe
exserti. — N. E. Brown.
The interesting Mesembryanthemum which occupies the
lower half of our plate is another of the fruits of the
Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Orange River,
led in 1910-11 by Professor Pearson of Cape Town.
Like its companion this species, M. stylosum, is a hitherto
uncharacterised one, belonging to the same natural group,
though in this instance the welding of the two leaves
forming each corpusculum is much less complete and the
resultant bodies are deeply 2-lobed at the apex. M.
stylosum was collected on the plains between Chubiessis
and Stinkfontein in Little Namaqualand, and the plant
from which our illustration has been prepared formed
part of the same munificent accession to the succulent
collection at Kew for which the institution is indebted to
the Percy Sladen Trust and to the travellers who, thanks
to their assistance, were enabled to investigate so
thoroughly the vegetation of a considerable portion of
western Cape Colony. The flowers in M. stylosum are
bright yellow; they open in the day time and only in
bright sunshine. They last for five to six days and are
January, 1915.
without odour. The species thri
ell under the
suitable for * fleshy-leaved Mesembryanthe-
" ■" They
conditions .
mums, of which there is at Kew a large collection
are most successfully cultivated in a sunny greenhouse
or frame, except during summer, when they are placed
in the open air. They enj oy a fair allowance of water
at the root whilst in growth, but require little or none
during winter when they are at rest.
Description
tufted, glabrous
Herb, small, stemless, succulent, loosely
Leaves fused below in oblong bodies
lobed apices, 1-2 in. long
1 2
•2 3
with
thick, glaucous-green, unblotched ; lobes up
wide
!- 3 in
.. ¥ 111.
3
4
long
obtuse, flat on the ventral, rounded or indistinctly keeled
on the dorsal face, compressed, often oblique ; ovary
enveloped by the base of the mass. Calyx, tubular, 4-6-
lobed at the tip, included or partly exserted ; lobes \-\ in.
long up to ^ in. wide, oblong, obtuse or subacute, some-
what membranous or green. Corolla gamopetalous,
3
4
yellow ; petals 45-56, 3-4
1_3
3 4
in
long ]
TO
in. wide, linear, obtuse
o
many, shortly
exserted, pale yellow. Style 5-6-lobed at the tip ; lobes
subulate, reddish-orange, exserted far beyond the stamens.
Fig. 1, a stamen ; 2, style and stigmas : — all enlarged.
jFourti) gmrt.
s
O
\z*.
VOL. XI.— FEBRUARY.
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CUBTIS'S '
J
BOTANICAL MAGAZIN
CONTAINING HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH DESCRIPTIONS, STRUCTURAL AND HISTORICAL,
OP NEW AND RARE
PLANTS FROM THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW
AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.
EDITED BY
SIR DAVID PRAIN, C.M.G., CLE, LL.D., F.R.S.,
Qtrector, Bopal botanic dameus, Scto.
<^V
11 in this pleasant vale we stand again,
The fields ol Enna, now once more ablaze
With flowers that brighten as thy footstep falls.
< X^r
LONDON:
L. REEVE & CO., Ltd
IEXT9
6,
BIETTA
STREET, COVE NT GARDEN.
1915.
reserv
matter
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
CONTENTS OF No. 122, FEBRUARY, 1915.
Tab. 8596.— TILLANDSIA REGINA.
f»
8597.— MORMODES
„ 8598.— RHODODENDRON MOUPINENSE.
„ 8599.— EUGENIA UNIFLORA.
L. Reeve & Co., Ltd., 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, W.C
HEPATIOE of the BRITISH ISLES.
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8696
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Tab.
TILLANDSIA Regina.
Brazil.
Bbomeliaceae. Tribe Tillandsieae.
Tillandsia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 669.
Tillandsia Regina, Veil. Fl. Flum. vol. iii. t. 142, et in Arch. Mus. Nac. JRw,
vol. v. p. 29 ; Baker, Handb. Bromeh p. 227, pro parte ; species I. imperiali,
G. H. Wright (Vriesiae imperiali, Mez) affinis, floribus distichis nee secundis
differi.
Hcrba majuscula, acaulis. Folia circiter 30 rosulatim disposita, e basi ovata
lorata, acuminata, recurva, glauca, subtus dense minuteque lepidota,
1-1 • 3 m. longa, 7-10 cm. lata. Pedunculus 1 m. altus, bracteis apice
recurvatis supra gradatim minoribus dense vestitus; panicula 1 m. alta;
bracteae ad basin ramorum elliptico-ovatae, acuminatae, 9 cm. Iongae,
3-5 cm. latae, marginibus roseo-tinctis ; bracteolae ovato-deltoideae,
concavae, acutae, 4 cm. Iongae, 1-2 cm. latae. Sepala oblonga, obtusa,
4 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata. Petala oblonga, obtusa, alba vel lutea, 8 cm.
longa, 1 cm. lata ; squamae basales 2 cm. Iongae, 5 mm. latae. Filamenta
9 cm. longa; antherae lineares. Ovarium conicum.— Vriesia Eegma,
Antoine, Bromel. p. 12, tt. 9-10 ; Morren in Belg. Hort. 1874, p. 325 ;
Andre in 111. Hort. vol. xxii. 1875, p. 54; Gard. Chron. 1875, vol m.
p. 235, fig. 41 ; Wittm. in Gartenfl. 1891, p. 160, fig. 46-47 ; Mez m
Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. iii. pars 3, p. 569, et in DC. Monogr. vol. ix. p. "
V. Regina, var. Glazioviana, Wawra in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. vol.
p. 218, et in Itin. Princip. Coburg. p. 164. V. Glazioviana, Lera. in 111.
Hort. vol. xiv. 1867, t. 516, et Misc. p. 43, fig. 2; Morren in Bclg. Hort.
1882, p. 335 ; Regel, Gartenfl. 1868, p. 168 ; Rev. Hort. Bclg. 1908, p. 32.
V. gigantea, Kegel, Gartenfl. 1867, p. 385— C. H. Wright.
T
The large Bromeliad here figured is a native of the
forests in the provinces of Rio Janeiro and San Paulo in
Southern Brazil and has been in cultivation in Europe
for upwards of half a century. There are excellent
figures of the plant published by Antoine from an
example which flowered in the Hofburg Gardens at
Vienna in 1874, while it has since then been figured
several times, occasionally under synonyms other than
the accepted name Tillandsia Regina, Veil. This variety
of names has been due to the circumstance that the
plant itself exhibits some degree of variation ; its flowers
may be white or yellow and sometimes change from the
former to the latter colour during the flowering period.
T. Regina has been in cultivation at Kew for many
Fkbruary, 191").
years. Thirty years ago there was a large plant in the
Victoria regia House, where it was grown in a pot over
the lily tank. The plant from which the material for
our figure has been derived was raised as an offset from
the original plant and was about thirty years old when
it flowered in the Mexican Section of the Temperate
House, Kew, in May, 1912, dying down soon afterwards.
It is of interest to note that in July, 1912, another plant
of the same species flowered in the Royal Botanic
Garden, Glasnevin. A sufficient supply of seeds has
been matured so that it has been possible to raise a
stock of young plants. T. Regina belongs to the section
Vriesia, which differs from fdlandsia proper in having
scales at the base of the petals within. The only species
with which it has been confused is T. imperialis, C. H.
Wright, which is readily distinguished by the flowers
being secundly disposed on the branches. There is
another species of the same section, even more closely
allied to T. Regina, which has been figured at t. 8192 of
this work. The species in question, T. Blokii, Hort., is
however, easily recognised by its leaves with red blotches
and its blood-red bracts.
Description. — Herb of large size, stemless. Leaves
about 30, rosulate, lorate from an ovate base, acuminate,
recurved, glaucous, densely finely lepidote beneath,
3$-4£ ft. long, 3-4 in. wide. Peduncle 3| ft. high,
densely clothed with bracts recurved at the tips,
gradually diminishing upwards ; panicle 3 \ ft. long ;
bracts at the base of the panicle-branches elliptic-ovate,
acuminate, 3 J in. long, 1J in. wide, with rose-coloured
margins ; bracteoles ovate-deltoid, concave, acute, \\ in.
long, \ in. wide. Sepals oblong, obtuse, 1^ in. long, \ in.
wide. Petals oblong, obtuse, white or yellow, 3| in. long,
over \ in. wide ; basal scales § in. long, ^ in. wide.
Fdaments 3^ in. long ; anthers linear. Ovary conical.
Fig. 1, a petal, showing the basal scales ; 2, an anther ; 3, ovary ; 4, stigma ;
5, sketch of the entire plant: — all enlargrd except 5, which is much reduced.
8597
M.S.clel.J.N.FxtdK k.
&lCJ jfi;
Tab. 8597.
MORMODES tigrinum
Upper Amazon.
Orohidaceae. Tribe Vandeae.
Mormodes, Lindl. ; Benth. et HooJc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 552.
Mormodes tigrinum, Bodr. Gen. efSp. Orcli. Nov. vol. i. p. 131 ; Cpffn. in
Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. iii. pars 5, p. 385, t. 82 ; a M. ignco, Lindl., scapis
brevioribus, floribus copiose brunneo-maculatis et labello breviore differt.
Herba epiphytica ; pseudobulbi erecti, fusiformi-oblongi, multi-articulati, recti
vel vix arcuati, 10-17 cm. longi, 2-5-4 cm. lati, apice subattenuati,
paucifolii, vaginis membranaceis arete adpressis vestitis. Folia elongato-
lanceolata, acuta, subundulata, plicata, arcuata, 30-50 cm. longa, 4-6 cm.
lata. Scapi axillares, erecti, crassiusculi, 10-15 cm. longi, basi vagmis
paucis tubulosis vestiti, multiflori; bracteae ovato-oblongae, subacutae
vel obtusae, concavae, 5-8 mm. longae ; pedicelli 2-5-3 cm. longi. Jf lores
mediocres, speciosi. Sepala patentia vel reflexa, oblongo-lanceo ata,
subacuta, 2-5-3 cm. longa, ochroleuca, copiose purpureo-maculata.
Fetala elliptico-oblonga, subacuta, 2-5-3 cm. longa, ocbroleuca, copiose
purpureo-maculata. Labellum carnosum, basi angustum, erectuni, dein
oblique incurvo-ascendens, indivisum, late Bubdeltoideo-remforme,
2-5-3 cm. longum, apice acutiusculum, marginibus valde revolutis
expansis 2-2 • 5 cm. longis, luteum, copiose brunneo-maculatum. Colwnna
oblique incurva, clavata, apiculata, V5 cm. longa; antliera apiculata,
pollinia 2, cerea, oblonga, stipiti loriformi affixa ; glandula squamifonms.
— E. A. Eolfk.
The striking Orchid which forms the subject of our
illustration belongs to the genus Mormodes, which is
most nearly allied to Catasetum, Rich., but differs there-
from in its hermaphrodite flowers, and in the oblique
twisting to one side of the lip, the margins of which are
also sharply recurved so as to form a tube which rests
upon the equally oblique apex of the column, ihe
method of fertilisation was discussed by the late
Mr. Darwin. The species was originally discovered _m
the forests of the Rio Negro and was described m lh / < ,
from specimens collected there, by the late Mr. Barbosa
Rodrigues. Some twelve years afterwards it was agam met
with in the Rio Negro district and was then introduced
to cultivation by Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans,
plant flowered
At
later date it was introduced afresh, this time from
FXBBUABT, 1915.
Amazon district, by Messrs. Hugh Low and Company.
The plant from which our plate has been prepared is one
which was purchased, when in flower, in February, 1914,
for the Kew collection from Messrs. Sander. It formed
part of a recent importation, once more from the Upper
Amazon district, though the precise locality is not
indicated, sent to St. Albans by Mr. Forget. The
nearest ally of M. tigrinum is M. igneum, Lindl., a
Peruvian species from which it is distinguished by its
differently coloured flowers with a shorter lip. Both
species thrive well in a tropical house under the conditions
suitable for species of Catasetum.
Description.—//^, epiphytic; pseudobulbs erect,
fusiform-oblong, many-jointed, straight or very slightly
curved, 4-7 in. long, 1-1^ in. wide, rather narrowed
upwards, few-leaved, clothed with closely adpressed
membranous sheaths. Leaves elongate-lanceolate, acute
slightly undulate, plicate, curved, 1-1 \ ft. long, l£-2± in.
wide. Scapes axillary, erect, rather stout, 4-6 in. long,
clothed at the base with a few tubular sheaths, many-
flowered; bracts ovate-oblong, subacute or obtuse,
concave, l-l in. long ; pedicels 1-1| in. long. Flowers
medium-sized, showy. Sepals spreading or reflexed,
oblong-lanceolate, subacute, l-li in. long, yellow with
numerous purple blotches. Petals elliptic-oblong, sub-
acute, 1-1| in. long, yellow with numerous purple
blotches. Lip fleshy, narrowed at the base, at first erect
then obliquely ascending and incurved, entire, widely
and somewhat deltoidly reniform, 1-1 \ in. long, rather
acute at the tip, the margins strongly revolute, when
flattened out f-1 in. long, yellow with numerous brown
markings. Column obliquely incurved, clavate, apiculate,
i in. long; anther apiculate; pollinia 2, waxy, oblong,
supported by a thong-like stipe, with a scale-like gland.
SL 1 / C ° 1Umn WHh l0Wer Part 0f H P ; 2 > anther-cap; 3, pollinariuin -.-all
enlarged.
*598
ltS-.adLJ.lSr.Ftt6Kli8h
Vine Bro iv Day&
..amp.
LR©«veficC?L« n
Tab.
RHODODENDRON moupinense
Western China.
Ericaceae. Tribe Khodoreae.
Rhododendron, Linn. ; Benth. et HooJc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599
Rhododendron (§ Lepidorhodium) moupinense, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bof.
Fr. vol. xxxiii. p. 233 (1886) ; et in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. II. vol. x.
p. 52, 1. 12 (1887-88) ; Behder et Wilson in Sargent PI. Wilsonianae, pars 3,
p. 525 (1913) ; Bean in Kew Bull. 1914, p. 203, cum icon. ; species ramulis
nigro-pilosis, foliis subverticillatis basi subcordatis, petiolis nigro-pilosis,
floribus magnis 1-3-natis corollae lobis profunde emarginatis valde distincta.
Frutex circiter 0*7 m. altus, silvestris saepe epipbyticus; rami superne foliati,
subteretes, circiter 2' 5 mm. crassi, nigro-pilosi, demum glabri. Folia
subverticillata, oblongo-elliptica vel ovato-elliptica, apice abrupte et obtuse
mucronata, basi rotundata vel subcordata, 2-4 '5 cm. longa, 1-2*5 cm.
lata, rigide coriacea, margine valde recurvata, saepius ciliata, demum
glabra, supra glabra costa parce puberula excepta, leviter verrucosa,
infra glandulis flavis dense lepidota ; costa basi 1'25 mm. lata, ad apicem
leviter sensim angustata; nervi laterales plerumque 8, alterni, e costa
sub angulo 45° abeuntes, supra paullo immersi, minute flexuosi, infra vix
conspicui; petioli crassi, 3-5 mm. longi, plerumque dense nigro-pilosi.
Flores terminales, 1-3-nati, breviter pediceliati ; pedicelli ad 7 mm. longi,
minute puberuli, 1'25 mm. crassi. Perulae late ovato-orbiculares,
mucronulatae, usque ad 1*5 cm. longae, extra parce glandulosae,
ciliolatae, superne carmineae. Calyx bene evolutus, foliaeeus, 5-lobus,
lobis suborbicularibus 3 mm. latis parce ciliolatis extra albido-glandu-
losis. Corolla alba, 6 cm. expansa, in tubi parte posteriore rubro-
maculata; tubus late infundibuliformis, 2 '5-3- 5 cm. longus, extra glaber,
intus inferne molliter pubescens; lobi 5, patentes, profunde emargmati,
2 cm. longi, 2-2 '5 cm. lati. Stamina 10, breviter exserta; filamenta
2-3-2-5 cm. longa, inferne pilis albis patulis pilosa; antherae conspicuae,
5-6 mm, longae, carmineae. Ovarium basi disco carnoso 1 mm. alto
glabro circumdatum, 5-loculare, ovoideum, circiter 4 mm. altum, viride,
dense lepidotum ; stylus exsertus, 2 '5-3 cm. longus, glaber, stigmate
capitato 2 mm. diametro coronatus. Fructus pedicello 1-1*3 cm. longo,
1-25 mm. crasso suffultus, anguste ellipsoideus, 2 cm. longus, 1 cm.
diametro, lepidotus, primum stylo indurato rostratus, demum erostratus,
endocarpio crustaceo.— J. Hutchinson.
The pleasing Rhododendron here figured is a native of
the mountains of Szechuan in Western China, where it
occurs at altitudes of 6,000-10,000 feet above sea-level.
It was first found in 1870, in the neighbourhood of Mou-
pine, by the late Abbe David. It was again met with
on Mount Omi and on neighbouring mountains by Mr.
E. H. Wilson in 1908, and our figure has been prepared
February, 1915.
from a plant raised from Wilson's seed of this last
gathering, received at Kew from the Arnold Arboretum
in the spring of 1909. The species was described from
the Abbe David's specimens by the late Mr. Franchet
R. moupinense. It is a very distinct plant readily
recognised in the section with glandular leaves by the
subverticelled somewhat cordate leaves, the large leafy
calyx, the black-pilose twigs and petioles, the large
white corollas spotted with red within the posterior side
of the tube, and by the large conspicuous carmine
anthers. The species is of sturdy dense habit, and as
young plants speedily reach the flowering stage, blossom-
ing for the first time when three or four years old and
only a few inches in height, it is admirably adapted for
the Rock Garden. According to Wilson it reaches a
height of two to four feet and is usually found growing
upon evergreen oaks and other broad-leaved trees. But
in spite of its epiphytic character it appears to thrive
very well in the sandy peat in which rhododendrons as a
whole do so well. It has hitherto flowered in February
and March, a date so early as to render the blossoms
liable to injury bv frost.
Description.— Shrub, usually about 2J ft. high, in the
wild state often epiphytic ; branches leafy upwards,
subterete, T Vi in. thick, black-pilose, at length glabrous.'
Leaves somewhat verticillate, oblong-elliptic or ovate-
elliptic, apex abruptly and bluntly mucronate, base
rounded or subcordate, §-l| in. long, ^-1 in. wide,
firmly coriaceous, margin strongly recurved, usually
cihate, at length glabrous, above glabrous save for the
sparingly puberulous midrib, slightly verrucose, beneath
densely lepidote with yellow glands; midrib
1
g
mrrowed from base to apex; lateral nerves usually 8,
alternate, leaving the midrib at an angle of 45 degrees'
slightly sunk above and faintly flexuous, beneath incon-
spicuous ; petioles stout, |-i in. long, usually densely
black-pilose. Flowers terminal, 1-3-nate, shortly pedi-
celled, pedicels about | in. long, finely puberulous
slender. Ferulae widely ovate-orbicular, mucronulate
over £ m. long, sparingly glandular outside, ciliolate,
scarlet towards the tip. Calyx well-developed, f oliaceous,
1
ide
sparingly
in. \
Corolla white. 91
4
de
in.
tube
5-lobed, the lobes suborbicular.
ciliolate, outside white-glandular
across, red-dotted within the tube behind,
funnel-shaped, 1-1 1 in. long, glabrous outside, softly
pubescent in the lower portion within ; lobes 5, spreading
deeply em ai_"
shortly exserted ; filaments about 1
in. long, f-1 in. wide. Sta
down with
about I
spreading
in. long, pilose low
conspicuous
in. long, carmine
Ovary surrounded at the base
by a shallow fleshy glabrous disk, 5-locular, ovoid, about
x
in.
g
reen, densely lepidote; style exserted, 1
in. long, glabrous ; stigma capitate
supported on a slender pedicel
ellipsoid, f in. long, $ in.
i
3
! ] j in. across
i
7
in.
long, narrow-
lepidote, tipped at first
by the hardened style, but at length beakless ; endocarp
crustaceous.
Fig. 1, upper half of a leaf showing the mucronatc apex and the glandular
scales on the lower surface; 2, scales; 3, calyx and pistil; 4, section of calyx
and the ovary; 5 and 6, stamens ; 7, transverse section of ovary: — allcnlarg<<l.
M S . <lelj:N.Fitc}Uith_
^ncentBroo^SpD ay &.S on Ltriir
L. "Reeve 8c C9 London
Tab. 8599.
EUGENIA uxiflora.
Tropical South America.
Myrtaceae.
Eugenia, Linn. ; BmtJi. et Hook, f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 718
Eugenia uniflora, Linn., Sp. PL p. 470; Duthie in FL Brit. Ind. vol. ii.
p. 505; species E. lignstrinae, Willd., aflinis scd foliis latioribus, petio-
lisque brevioribus facile distinguenda.
Fnitcx yel arbor parva, ramulia terctibus glabris, internodiis foliis subaequi-
longis. Folia opposita, ovato-elliptica, apice obtuse acuminata, basi
rotundata, usque ad 6 cm. longa et 3*5 cm. lata, pagina inferior* costa
nervis reticulationeque prominentibus, superiore costa leviter impressa,
nervis et reticulatione prominulis, nervis lateralibus utrinque numerosi.s
marginem versus anastomosantibus, integra, glabra, punctata, petiolo
usque ad 3 mm. longo suffulta. Florcs solitarii, axillares, saepissime
remoti; pedunculus teres, usque ad 3*5 cm. longus, glaber. Sepala 4,
declinata, persistentia, in fructu maturo erecta vel leviter incurva,
oblonga, subobtusa, 5 mm. longa, 2*5 mm. lata, ciliolata. PetalaA, alba,
declinata, oblongo-obovata, apice rotundata, 7 mm. longa, 4 '5 mm. lata,
ciliolata. Stamina numerosa, 3-4-seriata, filamentis usque ad 6 mm.
longis glabris, antheris 0*75 mm. longis. Receptaculum late turbinatum,
glabrum. Stylus simplex, 6 mm. longus, glaber. Fructu* plus minusve
sphaericus, 2*5-3 cm. diametro, profunde sulcatus, ruber, sepalis per-
sistentibus erectis coronatus. — F. Mielielii, Lamk, Encyc. Meth. vol. iii.
p. 203; DC. Prodr. vol. iii. p. 263. E. WiUdennwii, DC. Prodr. vol. iii.
p. 265. E. Parkeriana, DC. Prodr. vol. iii. p. 271. Myrtns brasiUana,
Linn. Sp. PI. p. 674. Plinia rubra, Linn. Mant. pars 2, p. 243. P. pedun-
culata, Linn. f. Suppl. p. 253; Bot. Mag. t. 473. Stenocali/.r Michelii,
Berg in Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. xiv. pars 1, p. 337.— W. B. Tu
The member of the Myrtle family which is liore de-
picted is a species which was already figured in this
work, at t. 473, more than a century ago. This species,
Eugenia uniflora, is a native of Brazil and other parts of
tropical America, but there are few tropical regions in
which it is not cultivated, while in many it has become
naturalised and established as a denizen in the vegetation.
The specimen on which Linnaeus originally based his
diagnosis came as a matter of fact from India; This
may help to account for the fact that when he had to
deal with a specimen of the same plant from a country
of which it is really a native the illustrious Swede re-
named it Plinia pedunculata, under which synonym it
was described in these pages in 1700. We have not,
February, 1915.
however, taken the unusual course of supplying a second
portrait of the same species owing to the fact that in the
previous instance it was alluded to under an unnecessary
name, but because in 1799 the fruit, which is not always
to be met with in cultivated specimens, could not then
be illustrated. The plant from which the material for
our plate has been derived is one which was presented to
Kew by the Director of the Jardin Colonial, Paris, under
the name E. Michelii, Lamk. It has been grown in the
great Palm House in a pot and has formed a much-
branched shrub, some seven feet in height. There it
fruited freely in May, 1914, and has enabled us to supple-
ment the original plate. The fruits are edible. The
specimen now figured, like that figured in 1799, is typical
of the species, which, however, exhibits a certain degree
of variation in the disposition of the flowers.
Description.— Shrub or small tree; twigs terete and
glabrous, internodes about as long as the leaves. Leaves
opposite, ovate - elliptic, with an obtusely acuminate
apex and a rounded base, up to 2± in. long and 1J in.
broad ; on the lower surface midrib, nerves, and smaller
veins raised, on the upper midrib slightly impressed, but
the nerves and smaller veins slightly raised; lateral
nerves numerous on each side of the midrib, anastomos-
ing towards the entire margin; lamina glabrous and
punctate, supported by a petiole which is up to £ in.
long. Flowers solitary, axillarv, usually distant;
peduncle terete, up to 1± in. Ion g," glabrous. Sepals 4,
decimate, persistent, erect or slightly incurved in the
mature fruit, oblong, subobtuse, I in. long, ^ hi. broad,
somewhat ciliate. Petals 4, white, declinate, oblong-
obovate, with a rounded apex, over £ in. long, -/.- in.
broad, somewhat ciliate. Stamens numerous, 3-4 seriate ;
fdaments glabrous, up to J in. long ; anthers very short.
Receptacle glabrous, broadly turbinate. Style simple, { in.
long, glabrous. Fruit more or less spherical, 1-1 [ in. in
diameter, deeply sulcate, red, crowned by the persistent
sepals.
Fig. 1, a flower; 2, calyx and pistil; 3, anther; 4, transverse section of
ovary near base; 5 the same, near the apex ; 6, transverse section of fruit:—
all enlarged except G, winch ts of natural size.
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LEPIDOPTERA INDICA.
•
A Descriptive Account of the Lepidoptera of the Indian Peninsula. •
By F. MOORE and Col. C. SWINHOE.
Complete in ten Vols. Containing 835 Coloured Plates, showing over 5,000 figures
11 in. by 8& in.
Vols. I.-X., each £J9 5s.
The complete set of ten volumes, Jt85.
LEPIDOPTERA of CEYLON.
By F. MOORE.
In three Volumes, with 215 Coloured Plates, 11 in. by 8J in. £21 I2s
CORAL AND ATOLLS (Re-Issue).
By F. WOOD-JONES, D.Sc, F.Z.S.
A history and description of the Keeling-Cocos Islands, with an account of
their fauna and flora, and a rHsr.nscirm nf tv»^ ™**-u~a ~r j ^.
transformation
oi coral structures m general. Profusely illustrated with
photo-reproductions, 332 pages, appendix, and index, 8£ x 6. I5s.
L. REEVE & CO., Ltd., 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, W.C
M.s. del. j. r itc itk
8600
L.Re»ve ? x C°. Londc
lfeiop.nt"Brooks,r;4y&.Sojl"J
Tab. 8600.
CIRRHOPETALUM Fletoherianum.
New Guinea.
Orchidaceae. Tribe Epidexdrkae.
Cirrhopetalum, Lindl. ; Benth. et HooJc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 504
Rolf,
multo longioribus et glaucis, floribus multo majoribus, purpureo-suffusi*
et maculatis, sepalis acuminatis valde differt.
Herba magna, epiphytica. Bkizoma validum. Pseudobulbl approximate sub-
globosi vel quadrati, subcompressi, transverse corrugati et puipureo-
lineati, 2-6 cm. lati, monophylli. Folia sessilia, elliptica vel oblonga,
obtusa, coriacea, glauca, purpureo-marginata, 5-35 cm. longa, 3-10 cm.
lata. Seapi laterales, breves, robusti, umbellati, 6-7-flon. Bracteae
ignotae. Pedicelli 4 cm. longi. Flores maximi, purpureo-suffusi et
maculati. Sepalum posticum incurvum, ovato-oblongum, acuminatum,
subconcavum, 6-7 cm. longum; sepala lateralia recurva, medio connata,
lanceolato-oblonga, apice valde acuminata et libera, 9-10 cm. longa,
marginibus revolutis. Petala ovata, apice acuminata, subacute, circiter
2-3 cm. longa. Labellum unguiculatum, subcarnosum, cordato-ovatum,
apice recurvum et subobtusum, circiter 1 cm. longum, disco obtuse
bicarinato. Columna lata, circiter 1 cm. longa ; denies breves, acuti.-
' BuVbophyllwm Fletcher ianum , Hort. ; Gard. Chron. 1914, vol. lv. pp. rf-u,
321, fig. 142 ; Orch. Eev. 1914, p. 164.— R. A. Rolfe.
The very striking Orchid of which a figure is here
given was first imported to England from New Guinea
by Messrs. Hugh Low and Company, Enfield, and at
once attracted attention. Its long pendulous leaves
with a glaucous upper surface suggested comparison
with the genus P halaenopsis , owing to the resemblance
thev bore to those of P. SchiUeriana ; at the same
time the pseudobulbs indicated affinity with the genus
Bulbophyllum. In May, 1914, a plant in the possession ot
Mr. E. V. Low, Vale Bridge Nursery, Hayward s Heath,
produced an inflorescence. This plant later became the
property of the Rev. J. C. B. Fletcher Mundham
Vicarage, Colchester, by whom it was exhibited at a
meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society under the
name Bulbophyllum Fletcherianwn. From a water coioui
sketch of the plant and a single flower presented to ive*
March
by Mr. Fletcher, supplemented by the use of a living
plant kindly lent for the purpose by Messrs. Stuart Low
and Company, Jarvisbrook, Sussex, it has been possible
to prepare the accompanying plate. The species is
not a Bulbophyllum, if that name be employed in its
proper and more restricted sense, but a Cirrhopetalum.
Its affinity is not very clear, but it bears a rather remote
resemblance to another New Guinea species, which has
been figured at t. 7557 of this work as C. robustum, Rolf e,
which has, however, much smaller green leaves and
much smaller flowers. The leaf in the background of
our plate is a portrait of one of the leaves on
Mr. Fletcher's plant; the largest of the leaves on that
plant, it may be added, was fourteen inches long. The
smaller plant, shown entire on our plate, is that in the
possession of Messrs. Stuart Low and Company. It has
been propagated from a small side growth and as yet is
far from being fully developed. The cultivation suitable
for other species of Bulbophyllum and Cirrhopetalum has
been found appropriate for this species.
Description.— Herb of considerable size, epiphytic.
Rootstock stout; pseudobulbs close-set, subglobose or
quadrate, somewhat compressed, transversely wrinkled
and streaked with purple lines, f-S
Leaves sessile, elliptic or oblong,** obtuse, coriaceous,
glaucous, purple-edged, 2-14 in. long, H-4 in. wide.
4
foliate
£
Scapes lateral, short, stout, umbellately 5-7 -flowered,
bracts not seen; pedicels If in. long. Flowers very
irge for the genus, suffused and blotched with purple.
epals: posterior incurved, ovate-oblong, acuminate
somewhat concave, 2i-2| in. long; lateral recurved!
connate in the middle, lanceolate-oblong, finely acumin-
ate and free towards their tips, 3£-4 in. long, their edges
revolute. Petals ovate, subacute with an acuminate tip,
rather less than 1 in. long. Lip clawed, rather fleshy
cordate-ovate, tip recurved and somewhat blunt, about
■«■ in. ong ; disk bluntly 2-keeled. Column broad, about
£ m. long ; teeth short, acute.
Fig. 1, a petal; 2, lip with column, showing the foot of the latter; 8, lip,
showing, the claw ; 4, front view of the column ; 5, pollinia :-all enlarged ! P
8601
'f.S.<iel.JN.RtchlitK.
VincentBrooks.Day&Son ItAimp
- -L ."Reeve C 9 London
Tab. 8601.
RHODODENDRON stamixeum
Western China.
Ericaceae. Tribe Rhodoreak.
Rhododendron, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599
Rhododendron (§ Choniastrum) stamineum, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.
vol. xxxiii. (1886) p. 236; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 30;
Hemsl. et Wilson in Kew Bull. 1910. d. 116: Behder et
Wilson
Wilsonianae
staminibus longe exsertis valde distincta.
Frutex ; ramuli subteretes, circiter 3 mm. crassi, cortice glabro pallide brunneo
obtecti. Folia ovato-lanceolata, basi obtusa, apice sensim subobtuse
acuminata, 5-10 cm. longa, 2-3*5 cm. lata, margine cartilaginea, rigide
coriacea, supra nitida, intense viridia, infra pallide viridia, utrinque glabra
et eglandulosa ; costa supra leviter impressa, infra prominens, basi circiter
1 ' 5 mm. lata, apicem versus attenuata ; nervi laterales venique utrinque
vix-distincti ; petioli ' 5-1 cm. longi, 1 ' 75 mm. crassi, supra anguste rimosi,
glabri. Inflorescentia circiter 10-nata ; flores in fasciculos axillaris 3-4-floro.s
dispositi; pedicelli 2 cm. longi, 0*5 mm. crassi, glabri, Calycis segment*
5, subaequalia, lineari-lanceolata, obtusa, 1-3 mm. longa, membranacea,
glabra. Corolla infundibuliformis, alba, labio posteriore interne flavo;
tubus cylindricus, 13-1 5 cm. longus, circiter 3 mm. diametro, utrinque
glaber; lobi 5, subrecurvati, oblongo-lanceolati, subacuti, 1-5-2-5 cm.
lon gi> glabri. Stamina 10, magnopere exserta ; filamenta usque ad 4 cm.
longa, inferne breviter albo-pilosa ; antherae lutescentes, sicco fere albae,
ellipsoideae, 2 mm. longae* Ovarium 5-loculare, elongatum, 4-5 mm.
longum, glabrum vel parce pubescens, eglandulosum ; stylus longe exsertus,
5 cm. longus, gracilis, glaber, stigmate subcapitato 2 mm. diametro
coronatus.— R. pittosporae folium, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi.,
(1889), p. 29 ; Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxix. p. 515 ; Bean in Flora
6 Sylva, vol. iii. p. 164. R. aucubaefolium, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc,
I.e., p. 19, quoad flores ; folia ad Daphniphyllum macropodum pertinent ;
Bean in Flora & Sylva 1. c. 162.— J. Hutchinson.
The Choniastrum section of the genus Rhododendron
includes a small and fairly compact group of seven species
distinguished from their congeners by the position of the
flowers, which are produced from axillary buds crowded
at the ends of the branches. This character is always
associated with eglandular persistent leaves and long
tubular funnel-shaped corollas; even the seed-pods in
this group have a facies of their own. Within the
Choniastrum group the subject of our illustration,
March, 1915.
It. stamineum, differs from its allies in having strikingly
long, far-exserted stamens. A native of Western China,
where it was met with by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1900
when collecting on behalf of Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons,
it affects particularly rocky shady ravines ; although
widely spread in that region, it is, according to Mr.
Wilson, nowhere really common. For the material from
which the accompanying plate has been prepared we are
indebted to Mr. J. C. Williams, Caerhays Castle, Gorran,
Cornwall, in whose renowned collection it flowered in
April, 1914. The plant by which that material was
provided grows, Mr. Williams informs us, on a steep
hillside which faces east, but is well sheltered on all
sides from the wind, with no shade save what is afforded
by the contour of the locality, and fully exposed to
whatever of sun its side of the hill receives. This plant,
which was obtained by Mr. Williams from Messrs. Veitch
in 1903 and is now nearly six feet in height and some
five feet through near the ground, has borne stray
flowers for three years and is now, in 1915, covered with
bud. At Caerhays R. stamineum has been tried in other
aspects, and the most vigorous individual plant in the
collection there is in partial shade on a hillside which
faces rather to the north of east. But while this
example of R. stamineum forms a beautiful evergreen
with a fine black-green foliage and young growths of a
charming bronze colour, it has not yet, although thirteen
years old, produced any flowers. Mr. Williams remarks
•that in his experience the sun kills more plants at
Caerhays than does the frost, though the wind is always
the worst enemy, and that if only the wind can be kept
out, a hillside which faces east or north-east is preferable
for most of the Rhododendrons. From the experience
in other collections it would appear that R. stamineum is
not an easy plant to keep in vigorous health or to flower
freely. When success attends the effort, the pains
expended are well recompensed whether for the charm
of the form or the fragrance of the flowers. At Caerhays
it is propagated by means of layering.
Description.— Shrub ; twigs subterete, about J in.
thick ; bark glabrous, pale brown. Leaves ovate-lanceo-
late, gradually bluntly acuminate, base rounded, margin
cartilaginous, 2-4 in. long, §-l| in. wide, firmly leathery,
shining and bright green above, pale green beneath,
glabrous on both sides and devoid of glands; midrib
slightly sunk above, raised beneath, widened towards
the leaf base, narrowed towards the leaf-tip; lateral
nerves and veins rather obscure on both surfaces ;
petiole J~i in. long, slender, narrowly furrowed above,
glabrous. Inflorescence more or less 10-nate, its flowers
fragrant, arranged in 3-4-flowered axillary clusters;
pedicels § in. long, slender, glabrous. Calyx 5-lobed;
segments subequal, linear-lanceolate, blunt, j in. long or
shorter, membranous, glabrous. Corolla funnel-shaped,
white, upper lip yellow at the base; tube cylindric,
in. long, about -J- in. wide, glabrous without and
within; lobes 5, somewhat recurved, oblong-lanceolate,
subacute, §-1 in. long, glabrous. Stamens 10, far
exserted; filaments up to 1£ in. long, sparingly white-
pilose in the lower fourth; anthers yellowish, almost
white when dry, ellipsoid, T V in. long. Omry 5-celled,
elongate, £-}• in. long, glabrous or sparingly pubescent,
eglandular; 'style far exserted, 2 in. long, slender,
glabrous ; stigma subcapitate, T V in. across.
1 2
Fig. 1, upper portion of leaf; 2, pistil ; .3, stamen; 4, anther; 5, transverse
section of ovary : — all enlarged.
860{
3
M.S.ciei. J.^.Fitch lith
^Ln.c€5:nt!Bro o]*s,D ay & SonLt^ imp
L.Reeve ScC? London
Tab. 8602.
PINGUICULA GYFSICOLA.
Mexico.
Lentibulariaceae.
Pinguicula, Linn. ; Bentli. et HooJc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 988.
Pinguicula gypsicola, T. S. Brandegee in Univ. Calif. Buhl. vol. iv. p. 190
(1911) ; inter species sectionis Ochreosanthi heterophyllia egregia, foliis
aestivis e basi lanceolata linearibus longis distincta.
Herba, florens ad 9 cm. alta. Folia numerosa, heteroniorpha : aestiva sub
anthesi exstantia e basi lanceolata linearia, marginibus revolutis, ad 5 vel
6 cm. longa, basi 6-7 mm. lata, pallide viridia, in pagina supenore
undique pilis viscoso-glandulosis vestita; hiberna more Sempervtvorum
in rosulam densissimam circiter 2 cm. diametro congesta, spathulato-
oblonga, obtusa, ad 8 mm. longa, 3-3 5 mm. lata, facie plana, dorso
obtuse carinata, margine eglanduloso-ciliata, caeterum praeter apiceru
glanduloso-pilosum glabra. Flores pedicellis 7-8 cm. longis glanduloso-
pilosis insidentes. Sepala late oblonga, obtusa, 2' 5 mm longa, mferiora
approximata, glanduloso-ciliata. Corolla purpurea, tubo perbrevi ore
albo; labium superum 2-fidum, segmentis linean-ob ongis supeme
paululo latioribus fere 12 mm. longis ad 4 mm. latis ; labium inferum
profunde 3-partitum, segmentis lineari-oblongis superne dilatatis sub-
truncatis, intermedio 12-13 mm. longo 5-5 -5 mm. lato, laterahbus paululo
brevioribus vix angustioribus ; os dense pilis albis stipatum; calcar
gracile, apice 2-dentatum, purpurascens, ad 8 cm. longum, horizontal iter
patens vel subdescendens, tenuiter glanduloso-pilosinsculum. Stigma
labii superioris basi arete applicatum, lobo supenore minuto apiculiformi,
inferiore late suborbiculato. — O. Stapf.
The interesting Butterwort here figured is a native of
Mexico, where it was first discovered by Dr. Purpus in
1910 growing on wet gypsum rocks at Minas cie ban
Rafael in the State of San Luis Potosi. The plant from
which our plate has been prepared was purchased m
1912 from Mr. R. Graessner of Perleberg. Besides being
of pleasing aspect Pinguicula gypskoh is remarkable on
account of the heteromorphy of its leaves. Those
present at the time of flowering are, as depict ed
figure, long-linear with widened base and when
young, involute tips, and are two inches
When flowering is over these long lca^s gradually die
off centripetally, while in the crown a rosette is termed,
March, 1915.
summer- to the
the leaves of which resemble those of some species of
Sempervivum. When finally the linear leaves have wholly
disappeared there is left only a compact rosette, some
three-quarters of an inch through, such as is shown in
fig. 5 of our plate, composed of winter-leaves one-third
of an inch long. After persisting for a time these winter-
rosettes behave exactly like the summer ones ; their com-
ponent leaves gradually die off centripetally while a new
long-leaved flowering rosette gradually forms. So different
in appearance are these rosettes that when seen apart
no connection between them is suggested. The hairs of
the summer-leaves are all many-celled and gland-tipped ;
those of the winter-leaves vary, the cilia from the base
upwards to near the tip being unicellular and eglandular,
while at the tip the indumentum consists of many-celled
hairs ending in minute glands. The transition from the
„ . ,. winter-rosette is fairly abrupt, and is
well indicated in fig. 7 of our plate. Still more abrupt,
however, is the passage from the winter- to the summer-
rosette. Summer-rosettes, before passing into the winter-
stage branch, though rather sparingly ; these branches
develop into daughter-rosettes of the winter-stage which
maybe detached and thus afford a means of pro x _ fe _ Ai .
The plant apparently does not depend entirely "upon "a
gypsum substratum ; at Kew it has thriven well and
flowered freely in July, when grown in sphagnum moss
kept saturated with water. Like many other species of
finquKula, P. gi/p.^cola has shown considerable variation
in the size of the flower. At Kew the corolla-lobes have
been nearly half-an-inch long ; in the specimens described
by Mr. Brandegee the corolla-lobes were about half that
ength. At Kew it has been found possible to r«,i 6
hybrids between P. cjypsicola and P. caudata, Schlecht.,
another Mexican species.
Description.— 7^7,, when in flower U in. hi ah.
Leaves many heteromorphous ; summer-leave's, when the
plant is in flower, linear from a rather wider lanceolate
base, l-2 % in. long, and at their origin about i in. wide,
with revolute margins, pale green, clothed throughout
the upper surface with viscid-glandular hairs: winter-
&
raise
cred in a very dense rosette about 4
resembling that of a house-leek, each leaf spathulate-
oblong, obtuse, -J- in. long, about |-- J. in. wide, flat above,
bluntly keeled behind, margin ciliate but not glandular,
elsewhere glabrous except for the glandular-ciliate tip.
Flowers rather showy ; pedicels glandular-pilose, about
3 in. long. Sepals wide-oblong, obtuse, T V in. long, the
lower close together, gland ular-ciliate. Corolla purple,
tube very short, white ; upper lip 2-fid, lobes linear-
oblong, slightly widened upwards, nearly £ in. long,
wide; lower lip deeply 3-partite, lobes linear-oblong,
widened upwards, somewhat truncate, the central lobe
in.
quite
in. long,
2 xxx. xvxx 6 , s m.
narrower than the lateral lobes
wide, rather shorter but hardly
; mouth densely beset
with white hairs ; spur slender, 2-toothed at the tip,
purplish, over 1 in. long, horizontally spreading or
somewhat descending, sparsely glandular-puberulous.
Stigma closely applied to the base of the upper lip of the
corolla ; upper stigmatic lobe minute, pointed, lower
broadly suborbicular.
Fig. 1, portion of a summer-leaf; 2, base of a flower, laid open; 3 and 4,
pistil; 5, a winter-rosette; 6, a winter-leaf; 7, latest phase of stage of
transition from a summer- to a winter-rosette :— all enlarged except 5 and 7,
which are of natural size.
<
H603.
"M.SdelJ.N.Fitchlitk.
V> ] 1 1 s eni "Bl-o o3<s ,D ay & S on I/t4 imp
J- Reeve & C9.Lon.dorL
Tab. 8603.
LOTUS campylocladus, forma villosjlor
Canary Islands.
Leguminosae. Tribe Loteae.
Lotus, Linn. ; Bcnth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 490; Brand in Engl.
Jahrb. vol. xxv. p. 166.
Lotus (§ Pedrosia) campylocladus, Webb et Berth. Phyt. Canar. vol. ii.
p. 83, forma villosior, Sprague ; caulibus, foliis, calycibus patule villosis,
foliolis longioribus agnoscendus.
Hcrba radice lignoso, a basi ramosa, caulibus ascendentibus basi lignescentibus
ramosis superne ut folia calycesque breviter densiuscule patule villosis ;
internodia in planta culta 1-2*5 cm. longa, in silvestribus ad 5 cm. longa.
Folia petiolata, trifoliolata ; foliola subsessilia, cuneata, apice retusa vel
subtruncata, rarius rotundata, in planta culta 3-6 mm. longa, 1-2 mm.
lata, in sylvestribus ad 11 mm. longis, 3 mm. latis ; petiolus foliolis
brevior; stipulae foliaceae, petiolum aequantes vel superantes, elliptico-
oblongae. Umbellae longiuscule pedunculatae, bractea singula suffultae,
capituliformes, 3-5-florae ; pedunculus 3-5 cm. longus ; pedicelli vix
1 mm. longi ; bractea sessilis, plerumque unifoliolata, rarius trifoliolata.
Calyx infundibulari-campanulatus, bilabiatus ; lobi ascendentes, subulato-
lanceolati, tubum aequantes vel superantes, duo postici 4 mm. longi, tres
antici 2*5-3 mm. longi. Corollae vexilli limbus ovatus, 1 cm. longus,
luteus, rubro-striatus ; unguis circiter 3 mm. longus marginibus sub angulo
recto inflexis inferne per 05 mm. connatis ; alae cymbiformes, auriculatae,
circiter 1 cm. longae ungue 2*5 mm. longo excluso, auriculis et marginibus
anticis infra apicem leviter cohaerentes, auriculo vix 1 mm. longo valde
concavo ; carinae petala antici connata, postice leviter cohaerentia, rostrato-
cymbiformia, 8*5 mm. longa ungue 2*8 mm. longo excluso. Stamina
diadelpha, stamen posticum liberum, 8 mm. longum; filamenta antica
dimidio inferiore connata; partes liberae alterne inaequales, 5 longiores
4-4*5 mm. longae, apice spongioso-clavatae, 4 breviores 2*5 mm. longae,
antherae anguste oblongae, 05 mm. longae. Ovarium lineare, 6 mm.
longum, superne secundum suturam ventralem barbatum; ovula numc-
rosa; stylus dente postico 0'6 mm. longo 1*5 mm. infra apicem orto
munitus, stigmate oblique capitato. Lcgumina subcylindrica, cuspidate-,
2-3 cm. longa, nitida.— L. arenariiis, Webb et Berth. Phyt. Canar. vol. ii.
p. 82 ; non Brot. — T. A. Sprague.
The subgenus Pedrosia, Brand, is readily distinguished
from the rest of the genus Lotus, Linn., by the presence
of a distinct tooth below the apex of the style. The
distribution of the subgenus is circumscribed ; that of
the species /.. campylocladus, a form of which is here
figured, is of the " Atlantic " type, for it is confined to
the Atlantic Islands, the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco.
March, 191a.
The specimens on which L. campy loclad as was originally
based were gathered near Guimar in Tenerife, and differ
from the form of the species now depicted in the smaller,
more obovate leaflets and the shorter subappressed indu-
mentum. The form villosior, here described, was originally
met with by the late Mr. P. Barker Webb at Euencaliente
in the south of Palm a, and was identified by him as L.
arenarius, Brot., though with an indication that he had
long felt a doubt as to whether the Tenerife and the
Palma plants should not be treated as varieties of one
species. Specimens which have since been gathered at
Guimar and elsewhere in Tenerife have shown how well-
founded was the doubt thus expressed ; it is found that
these specimens form a connecting series within which it
is impossible to distinguish even varieties. At the same
time L. campy locladus is undoubtedly closely allied to i>.
arenarius, within which the form now figured was included
by Webb ; the best distinguishing mark is to be found in
the more or less cuneate leaflets, retuse or sub truncate at
the apex, which characterise the former. The form here
termed villosior is widely distributed both in Tenerife
and in Palma. In the latter island it was met with by
Mr. Sprague and Mr. Hutchinson in the Gran Caldera
in 1913. The plant from which our figure has been
made was raised at Kew from seeds presented by
Dr. G. V. Perez of Orotava. It is possible that the
seed came in the first instance from Tenerife, for it
appears that Dr. Perez received it under the name
7>. mascaensis, Burchard, a species known only from
Tenerife. At Kew the species has been tried out of
doors but does not give promise of being hardy. When
grown in a frame it forms a plant about a foot in height,
compact in habit and pleasing both in its flowers and in
its silvery foliage.
Description.— lkrh ; root woody, branching from the
base, with branching ascending stems woody below and
shortly rather densely clothed with spreading hairs, as
are the leaves and the calyces ; internodes in cultivated
plants \-\ in. long, in wild specimens up to 2 in. long.
Leaves petioled, 3-foliolate; leaflets subsessile, cuneate,
apex retuse or subtruncate, rarely rounded, in cultivated
plants J-J in. long, T V in. wide or less, in wild plants
nearly £ in. long, | in. wide; petiole shorter than the
leaflets ; stipules leafy, as long as the petiole or longer,
elliptic-oblong. Umbels rather long-stalked, 1-bracteate,
capituliform, 3-5-flowered ; peduncle 1^-2 in. long, pedi-
cels very short; bract sessile usually 1-foliolate, rarely
3-foliolate. Calyx narrowly campanulate, 2-lipped ; lobes
ascending, subulate-lanceolate, as long as the tube or
longer, the two upper \ in. long, the three lower A-i in -
long. Corolla yellow with red streaks; standard-limb
ovate, J in. long, the claw about | in. long, its margins
inturned below almost at a right angle and cuneate for a
short distance; wings cymbiform, auricled, over J in.
long excluding the claw which is T V in. long, the auricles
and the margins slightly cohering below the apex, the
auricles minute and very concave; keel-petals cuneate
in front, slightly cohering behind, rostrate-cymbiform,
about J in. long excluding the claw which is nearly | in.
long. Stamens diadelphous, the posterior filament free,
i in. long ; anterior filaments united in their lower half,
their free portions alternately long and short, the five
longer £ in. long, the four shorter T V in. long ; anthers
narrow-oblong, very short. Ovary linear, \ in. long,
bearded above along the ventral suture ; ovules many ;
style with a distinct posterior tooth a little way below
the top ; stigma obliquely capitate. Pod subcylindnc,
cuspidate, f-1^ in. long, shining.
Fig. 1, leaf ana stipules ; 2, flower ; 3, flower with the calyx opened and the
petals removed; 4, a wing petal; 5, keel; 6, upper part of one of the long
_ 1 _ _ _ . f? _, * ^.i!! m •-» / 7 /111 7 SW /**SV •* . /
stamens ; 7, pistil : — all enlarged.
rjfourtl) &ttit*./
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CONTENTS OF No. 124, APRIL, 1915.
M
Tab. 8604.— THUNBERGIA GTBSONII.
8605.— RHODODENDRON DAVIDSONIANUM
8606.— PRIMULA MIYABEANA.
„ 8607.— ACAXTHOPANAX LEUCORRHIZUM.
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Tab. 8604.
THUNBERGIA Gibsonii
Tropical East Africa.
Acanthaceae. Tribe Thunbergieae.
Thunbergia, Linn.f. ; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 1072
Thunbergia Gibsonii, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. vol. xxxii. 1894, p. 131 ;
species T. alatae, Boj., affinis, sed floribus lnajoribus intense aurantiacis
facillime distinguenda.
Herba perennis, volubilis, 11 dm. alta, caulibus teretibus pilis longis patentibus
vel leviter recurvis instnictis. Folia ovata, apice acuta, basi sagittato-
cordata, usque ad 7*5 cm. longa et 6 cm. lata, costa cum nervis lateralibus
pagina superiore leviter impressa, inferiore prominente, utrinque aspera ;
petiolus circiter 3 cm. longus, leviter alatus, margine pilis patentibus
instructus. Flores axillares, solitarii, pedunculo 10*5 cm. longo hirsuto-
pubescente suffulti ; bracteolae 2, attenuato-ovatae, apice acutae, basi cor-
datae, 3-3*5 cm. longae, 2 cm. latae, extra ferrugineo-hirsuto-pubescentes,
intus glanduloso-pubescentes. Calyx cupularis, lobis circiter 12, extra
glanduloso-pubescens, intus glaber, 5 mm. altus, 8 mm. diametro, basi
epicalyce piano irregulariter lobato glanduloso instructus. Corollae tubus
curvato-cylindricus, inferne abrupte angustatus, antice bisulcatus, circiter
3*5 cm. longus, apice 1*3 cm. diametro, basi 3 mm. diametro, intus lineis
duabus hirsutis ornatus ; limbus aurantiacus, lobis 5 patentibus ovato-
triangularibus apice truncato-emarginatis, antico et lateralibus 2*2 cm.
longis 2'1 cm. latis, posticis 1*9 cm. longis 1*9 cm. latis. Stamina 4,
4 mm. supra tubi basem inserta, filamentis longioribus 1*3 cm. longis,
brevioribus 1 cm. longis, antheris 6' 5 mm. longis basi pilis citroneis
instructis ; pollinis granula globosa. Discus cupularis, 0*75 mm. altus,
oblique productus. Ovarium late ovoideum, medio constrictum, 2 5 mm.
altum, usque ad 3 mm. diametro, glabrum, viride; stylus 1*9 cm. longus,
superne leviter glandulosus et pubescens ; stigma 3 mm. longum,
bilobatum, lobo antico 5 mm. lato, postico 4 mm. lato.— W. B. Turrill.
The striking Thunbergia which forms the subject of our
illustration is a native of tropical East Africa. The
specimens on which the species, T. Gibsonii, was based
are in the national collection at the British Museum,
Cromwell Road, where they were received from a
locality on the equator, approximately 36° 70' east of
the meridian of Greenwich, at an elevation of about
8000 feet above sea-level. Both as regards the corolla
and bracteoles these original specimens, which consist of
April, 1915.
flowers only, are rather larger than is the case in the
plant from which our figure has been prepared, but there
is no other difference discernible. The plant figured,
which flowered at Kew in June, 1914, was acquired by
purchase from Messrs. Thompson and Charman, Nursery-
men, Bushey, according to whom it had been obtained
from British East Africa from a locality 6000 feet above
sea-level. The introduction appears to have been effected
by Mr. W. van der Weyer, Corf e Castle, Dorset, by whom
it was shown at an exhibition of the Royal Horticultural
Society in May, 1913. The limb of the corolla is of a
deep orange colour and waxy consistence, and the species
is thereby readily distinguished from its nearest ally in
the genus, the well-known T. alata, Boj., also originally
a native of Tropical Africa, though now naturalised in
some parts of South-eastern Asia, long ago figured at
t. 2591 of this work. In habit a perennial, T, Gibsonii
when grown in a pot under ordinary greenhouse con-
ditions quickly develops leafy shoots which flower freely
in summer.
Description. — Herb, perennial, twining, 4-5 ft. high ;
stems terete, beset with long spreading or slightly recurved
hairs. Leaves ovate, acute, base cordate-sagittate, up to
3 in. long and 2\ in. wide, midrib and lateral nerves
somewhat sunk above, and raised beneath, harshly
pubescent on both surfaces ; petiole about l£ in. long,
slightly winged, the margins beset with spreading hairs.
Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncle over 4 in. long,
hairy; bracteoles 2, narrow-ovate, acute, base cordate.
H~H in - l° n g> I in. wide, rusty-pubescent externally
glandular-pubescent within. Calyx cup-shaped; lobes
about 12. glandular-pubescent outside, glabrous within,
} in. deep, $ in. across, with a flat, irregularly-lobed,
glandular epicalyx at its base. Corolla tube curved-
cylindric, abruptly narrowed downwards and 2-sulcate
in front, about 1 J in. long, over J in. wide at the mouth,
only -j- in. wide at the base, with 2 longitudinal hirsute
lines; limb orange, lobes 5, spreading, ovate-triangular
with a truncate-emarginate apex, the anterior and
lateral nearly an inch in length and width, the two
posterior about f, in. long and broad. Stamens 4, i in.
g, inserted above the base of the tube ; filaments of
the longer pair about J in. long, of the shorter pair about
•^ in. long; anthers £ in. long, beset at the base by
citron-yellow hairs; pollen globose. Disk cup-shaped
very
narrowed
glabrous,
short, produced obliquely
the middle
tyle
2
3
1
10
111.
■g
wide-ovoid
wide
s
in.
in.
g, slightly glandular and
pubescent upwards
gma -g- in. long, 2-lobed
lobe
5
ide, posterior lobe ^ in. wide
Fig. 1, calyx and pistil ; 2, vertical section of calyx, showing ovary and disk ;
base of corolla, laid open ; 4 and 5, anthers : — all enlarged.
sea
o
iViJf re — ir '
Kb :■ - v -' ;
i \
fc£ £j
.
2
11 D ■,
'<
3
7
6
7.
5
rS.deI,J.N.Fitc.}iIiTh.
incentBrcolrs.-Day a SanLfcMrap
L Reeve & C ° L o n don.
Tab. 8605.
RHODODENDRON David sonianum.
China.
Ericaceae. Tribe Bhodoreae.
nn. ; Bentlu et Hook. f. Gen. P\
[Rhododendron David sonianum, Rehder et Wilson in Sargent, Plant.
Wilson, pars 3, p. 515 (1913) ; affinis E. ambiguo, HemsL, sed foliis
minoribus, floribus pallide roseis staminibus longioribus, filamentis minus
pubescentibus differt. .
Frutex 1-3 m. altus; rami divaricati, teretes, brunnei vel cinereo-brunnei,
glabri ; ramuli juniores breves, minutissime puberuli vel glabri. Folia
lanceolata vel oblongo-oblanceolata, apice conspicue mucronata, basi
obtusa vel leviter rotundata, 2 ■ 5-5 ■ 5 cm. longa, 1-2 cm. lata, rigide et
firme chartacea, supra sicco conspicue reticulata et primura parce nigro-
punctata, demum glabra, infra glandulis rotundatis parvis dense induta ;
costa supra plana, inconspicua, infra prominens, pallida, basi circiter
1 mm. lata, ad apicem sensim attenuata, in mucronem elongatum
producta; nervi laterales supra subconspicui, arcuati, infra cum venis
plerumque vix manifesti ; petioli 3-5 mm. longi, interdum leviter puberuli.
Perulae suborbiculares, submucronatae, coriaceae, dense ciliatae, extra
glabrae. Flores terminates, circiter 6-nati; pedicelli 1-1*5 cm. longi,
glandulis sessilibus rotundatis instructi. Calyx undulatus, brevissimus vel
subnullus. Corolla pallide rosea, labio superiore flavo-lepidota ; tubus
circiter 1 cm. longus, sensim expansus, utrinque glaber ; lobi 5, 4-4*5 cm.
expansi, oblongi, apice rotundati, circiter 1*5 cm. longi et 0*6 cm. lati,
subtiliter striati. Stamina 10, longe exserta ; rt * x ~ "*
ad 3 cm. longa, basin versus breviter pubescer
1*5-2 mm. longae. Ovarium conicum, dense lepidotum ; stylus longe
exsertus, gracilis, 3*5-4 cm. longus, glaber, stigmate undulatim lobato
subcapitato coronatus. Fructus pro genere perbrevis, 1 cm. longus,
4 mm. diametro. — J. Hutchinson.
filamenta
ftrae carmineae
The Chinese Rhododendron of which a figure is here
given is one of the fruits of Mr. E. H. Wilson's expedition
of 1903-4, on behalf of Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, the
plant from which our illustration has been taken being
one raised by them at Coombe Wood and acquired Irom
them for Kew in 1908. During his later expeditions in
China, Wilson again met with the species on several
occasions. It is plentiful in the neighbourhood ot
Tachien-lu, in Western Szechuan. The nearest ally ot
M. Davidsonianum is, perhaps, R. ambifjuttm, hems. .,
another Chinese species figured at t. 8400 of this work.
April, 1915.
It is most readily distinguished from the latter species
by the more elegant habit, the smaller leaves, the
differently coloured flowers and the more slender fila-
ments. Like most of the Rhododendrons from China
with scaly leaves, R. Davidsonianum gives promise of
being very hardy. Its value as a garden plant will
probably be similar to that of R. yunnanense , Franch., a
Chinese species figured at t. 7614 of this work, and like
that species it can be increased by means of late summer
cuttings.
Description.— Shrvb 9 3J-10 ft. high ; branches divari-
cate, terete, brown or greyish, glabrous; young twigs
short, very finely puberulous or glabrous. Leaves lanceo-
late or oblong-lanceolate, with a markedly mucronate
tip, base obtuse or slightly rounded, \-2\ in. long, $-f in.
wide, rigidly chartaceous, above at first sparingly black-
dotted, at length glabrous and when dry strongly veined,
beneath closely covered with small rounded glands;
midrib flat above, inconspicuous, raised beneath, pale,
gradually narrowed from base to tip, and prolonged into
the long mucro ; lateral nerves slightly visible above,
arched, beneath hardly visible; petiole ^-i- in. long,
sometimes faintly puberulous. Bud-scales suborbicular,
slightly mucronate, coriaceous, densely ciliate, glabrous
outside. Flowers terminal, about 6-nate ; pedicels J-f in.
long, covered with long rounded sessile glands. Caly
undulate, very short or nearly obsolete. Corolla pale
rose, l^-lf in. across, upper lip yellow-lepidote ; tube
about ^ in. long, slightly enlarged upwards, glabrous on
both sides; lobes 5, oblong with rounded tips, about
f in. long and J in. wide, finely striate. Stamens 10, far
exserted ; filaments slender, up to 1 J in. long, shortly
pubescent near the base ; anthers carmine, T ^ in. long or
less. Ovary conical, densely scaly; style far exserted,
slender, 1J-1§ in. long, glabrous, tipped by the undu-
lately lobed subcapitate stigma. Fruit J in. long, ^ in.
across.
Figs. 1 and 2, upper portions of leaves showing the conspicuous mucro ;
3, scales from lower surface of leaves ; 4, pistil and calyx ; 5, stamen ; 6 and 7,
anthers : — all enlarged.
8606
MS.d I .J.;j.KtehIith.
Vine ■ ootaDay&SonLAmp.
LReeve &.C? London.
Tab. 8608
PRIMULA MlYABEANA
Formosa.
Primulaceae. Tribe Primuleae.
Primula, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 631.
Primula (§ Candelabra) iMiyabeana, Ito et Kawakami in Miyabe Festschrift,
p. 1, t. xxix., a P. Poissoni, Franch., ejusque affinioribus calyce intus
sulphureo-farinoso facile distinguenda.
Hcrba an biennis. Folia oblongo-obovata vel late oblanceolata, apice
iu'ventute acuta, mox obtusa vel rotundata, basin versus paulo angustata,
usque ad 20 cm. longa, plerumque 3-5 cm. lata, papyracea vel papyraeeo-
coriacea, pagina utraque glabra, superiore efarinosa, infenore pnmo pallide
farinosa, mox parcissime sulphureo-farinosa, demde ommno efarinosa,
nervis lateralibus utrinsecus circiter 10 inferionbus satis obliqms omnibus
supra conspicuis subtus prominentibus , nervis transversa spams supra
vix conspicuis subtus subprominulis, parte triente infenore excepta irregu-
' lariter denticulata, primo parcius ciliolata, mox glabra. Scapus sohtanus,
folia multoties superans, ad 60 cm. altus, umbellas superpositas plerumque
6-10-floras gerens, apicem versus primo perparce farinosus, mox ommno
efarinosus; bracteae ad 2 cm. longae; pedicelh usque ad 4 cm longi,
primo parcissime farinosi, mox efannosi. Calyx sub anthesi 6 mn .
tongas, intus farinosus, lobis deltoideis yel anguste deltoideis acutmscuhs
tubS aimidio brevioribus nunc integris nunc denticulate. C™™»
purpureae tubus 14 mm. longus, ore annulatus ; lobi obeordafa. paulo u t a
5 mm. lonri. Filamenta basi amphata, anthens brevibus. Frutlits m
cal'c" pmpmascente conspicue 5-costato lobis pe n»s^b« [ ereete baud
rarius foli^ceis inclusus, ambitu oblongus yel g lo boso-oblongus, stjlo
persistente ; ^lftM-5 fg^MSttSZ
Miyabcan
Smi M S Pt Formo. ^ ^PrimuU sp.t H.jata, Fl. Mont. Form*
p. 157.— W. G. Ckaib.
The section Candelabra, which owes its name to the
type of inflorescence, is one of the most natural m the
ranus Primula. Its members are natives of eastern and
south-eastern Asia ; all of them appear to mhabit moist
meadows, all produce rosettes of leaves which reca
those of the Primrose, and all produce tall scapes with
superposed tiers of flowers. All further agree in having
a rounded or shortly oblong capsule enclosed in a slightly
accrescent calyx. Within the section the species assort
themselves in two groups, that in which the flowers arp
ArRiL, 1915.
purple, and that in which the flowers are yellow. In
China, where the section has its headquarters, the number
of species belonging to either group cannot yet be safely
estimated; of those in cultivation the best known
members of the group with yellow flowers are P. Cock-
burniana, Hemsl., P. Bullet/ana, Forrest, and P. serrati-
folia, Franch. ; the most familiar among those with purple
flowers are P. Beesiana, Forrest, P. Poissoni, Franch., and
P. pulveridenta, Duthie. . The known species with yellow
flowers which occur outside China are P. imperially
Jungh., a native of Java which has the further interest
attaching to most southern Asiatic species of the genus ;
P.prolifWa, Wall., which occurs in the Khasia Hills, east
of the Brahmaputra valley ; and P. Smithiana, Craib, a
native of Sikkim in the Eastern Himalaya. The extra-
Chinese species with purple flowers so far known are
P. jajxmica, A. Gray, which is restricted to Japan ; and
the subject of our illustration, P. Miyabedna, which is
endemic m Formosa, and is readily distinguished from
all the other known members of the section Candelabra in
having the calyx farinose within. The plant figured is
one which was raised from seed received at Kew in 1913
from Mr. W. R. Price, who met with the species on
Mount Morrison in Formosa, growing at an elevation of
7000 feet above sea-level. The plant has been cultivated
at Kew in a frame, where it flowered in May, 1914, and
ripened its seeds in July. It may prove to be hardy, at
least in the warmer districts of the British Islands. It
will probably be best to treat it as a biennial under the
conditions given to its near ally P. Poissmi, figured at
t. 7216 of this work, like which it behaves under culti-
vation. A marked feature of the members of the section
Candelabra is the readiness with which several of them
lend themselves to hybridisation.
Description.—//,^, under cultivation apparently
biennial. Leaves oblong-obovate or wide oblanceolate,
when young acute, later obtuse or rounded, somewhat
narrowed at the base, up to 8 in. long, from l|-2 in.
wide, somewhat firmly papery, glabrous on both surfaces,
beneath at first somewhat mealy, at length nearly or
quite efarmose ; lateral nerves about 10 on each side, the
lowest decidedly oblique
beneath, with rather few
all visible above and raised
ransverse veins hardly visible
above, but slightly raised beneath ; margin
gularly
denticulate except at the entire base
long
gly ciliolate, soon glabrous
Scat
first somewhat
single, much
than the leaves
to 2 ft. in height, bearin
several 6-10-flowered superposed whorls, at first
mealy n
bracts ^
g
a
4
the top, soon quite efarinose
hout
in.
pedicels up
,ly, soon efarinose
long
g, at first
Calux in flower I in.
to 1A in.
long, mealy within
lob
deltoid or
deltoid
shorter than the tub
times entire, at
times denticulate. Corolla purple ; tube over | m. long,
with annulate mouth; lobes obcordate, nearly | in.
long. Filaments broad-based; anthers short. Capsule
oblong or globose-oblong, tipped by the persistent style
and enclosed in the purplish, distinctly 5-costate fruiting
calyx, the lob
of which are persistent, erect and
infrequently leafy ; seeds small, tawny-brown, papillose
Fig. 1, calyx with denticulate lobes, enclosing pistil; 2, "^J**"***
lobes, in vertical section, disclosing the pistil ; 3, corolla in vertical .section,
showing staminal insertion ; 4, two fruits, showing the dimorphic calyx o a
single fruit enclosed in a calyx with denticulate lobes ; 6 sketch o * he e °* ire
plant, showing habit :-aZZ enlarged except 4, which ts of natural size, and 6,
which is much reduced.
8607
M.S.del.J.N.Fitc^.litJi
"Vincent B ro o ks ,D ay & Son Lt^-imp
L. "Reeve &C°Lon<ion
Tab. 8607.
ACANTHOPANAX leucorrhizum
Central China.
Araliaceae. Tribe Panaceae.
Planch. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gt
Ingl. d Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf.
Acanthopanax leucorrhizum, Harms I.e.; C. K. Schneid. in Handb. d.
Laubholzk. vol. ii. pp. 424, 1040; Bean in Trees and Shrubs, vol. i.
p. 130, cum icon. ; species A. Henryi, Harms etA. Simonii, C. K. Schneid.
quam maxime affinis ab ambobus tamen aculeis longioribus tenuioribus et
foliolis glabris differt.
i '
Frutex glaber, 1'5-3-metralis; ramuli valde medullosi, pallide lenticellati, ad
nodos verticillatim aculeis 1-6 pallidis decurvis subulatis pungentibus
3-8 mm. longis armati, inter nodos parcissime aculeati vel inermes.
Folia decidua, alterna, 5-3-foliolata ; foliola lanceolata vel oblanceolata,
acuminata, basi cuneata, margine argute duplo-serrata, 5-12 cm. longa,
1*8-4 cm.*lata, petiolulis 3-8 mm. longis suffulta; petioli 3*5-10 cm.
longi, interdum parce aculeati. Flores viridi-florescentes, umbellati,
4 mm. lati, pedicellis gracilibus glabris 1" 2-1*8 cm. longis suffulti;
umbellae 60-90-flores, singulae vel paucae corymbosim aggregatae,
terminales, globosae, 4-5 cm. latae; pedunculi 3"5-10 cm. longi. Calyx
5-dentatus, dentibus minutis triangularibus. Petala 5, ovata, acuta,
3 mm. longa, deflexa, margine apiceque incurva. Stamina 5 ; filamenta
glabra, 3 mm. longa ; antherae exsertae. Bacca nigro-purpurea, globosa
vel oblonga, 6-8 mm. longa, stylo brevi persistente coronata ; caro sucosa ;
sucus tinctorius atramentum referens. Semina compressa, semi-elliptica,
6 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata. — Eleutherococcus hucorrhizus, Oliv. in Hook.
Icon. PL sub t. 1711.— W. J. Bean.
The Araliad here figured was originally described by-
Professor Oliver from specimens discovered by Professor
A. Henry in the province of Hupeh in Central China
about 1886. It was met with again in the same region
by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1901, and through his agency
was introduced to cultivation by Messrs. J. Veitch and
Sons. The plant which has supplied the material for our
illustration is one at Kew which was purchased from
Messrs. Veitch in 1913. When first described the species
was referred with justice to the genus EUutherococcu*,
based by the late Mr. Maximowicz on a species from
April, 191a.
\
Manchuria. More recently, however, Dr. Harms has
proved satisfactorily that this genus is not in reality
separable from the older genus Acanthopanax. In gardens
A. leucorrhizum, here depicted, has been confused with
A. Simonii, C. K. Schneid. ; the figure which was pub-
lished in the Gardeners' Chronicle on 9 December, 1905
(fig. 152), under the name Eleutherococcus leucorrhizus is
not the plant now described, but is really A. Simonii.
The plant there referred to is well distinguished from the
true A. leucorrhizum by its much stouter hooked spines
distributed irregularly on the branchlets and by the
numerous bristles on both surfaces of the leaflets. Another
species very closely allied to the subject of our plate
is A. Henryi, Harms, already described at t. 8316 of this
work, which differs from A. leucorrlrizum m.h.&Ymg shorter,
stouter spines, shorter pubescent pedicels and pubescent
leaves. The bark of the roots of A. leucorrhizum, from
the appearance of which the specific name has been
derived, is stated by Henry to be used by the Chinese
as a drug, known to them as the White " Wu Chia P'i.
As a shrub for gardens, A. leucorrhizum will be valued
»5
chiefly for its handsome foliage, of a type uncommon
among hardy shrubs, and for its striking umbels of
purple-black berries which are produced very abundantly
and remain on the bushes late into the autumn. It has
withstood perfectly the frosts experienced since its
introduction, and although these have not provided the
hardest tests of our climate we may reasonably assume
it to be hardy. It thrives in well-drained sandy loam
and is easily propagated by seeds.
Description. — Shrub, 6-10 ft. high, everywhere glab-
rous ; branchlets very pithy, sprinkled with pale lenticels,
armed at the nodes with 1-6 pale, decurved spines J~|
in. long, sharply pointed and subulate; internodes at
times with a few similar but scattered spines. Leave*
deciduous, alternate, usually 5-foliolate, sometimes 3-
foliolate ; leaflets lanceolate or oblanceolate, apex acumi-
nate, base acute, margin sharply doubly serrate, 2-5 in.
long, |-1§ in. wide, their petiolules |-| in. long ; petioles
l.]-4 in. long, occasionally armed with one or two
prickles, especially where the petiolules are attached.
Mowers yellowish-g
each
globose
ered
T : V in. across, crowded
terminal umbels, each
hich may be solitary or several together
1.1-2
cluster
peduncles 1J-4
in.
long.
Cahf
corymbose
5-toothed, the teeth minute, triangular. /
acute, \ in. long, deflexed, their margin and apex
incurved. Stamens 5; filaments glabrous, £ in. long;
anthers exserted. F\
a purplish-black
lobose to
oblong berry
persisting style
1 3
in. long, terminated by the short
See
8
pressed, semi-ellipt
g
i
in. wide, embedded
the black juicy pulp
which stains like ink
Fig. 1, flower ; 2, calyx and pistil ; 3 and 4, anthers ; 5, fruit ; 6, a seed :
all enlarged.
8608
K S.del J.N.Std
"Vincent Bvo oks,D ai
P «
'
I- Reex 5c C<? ;/idOj
Tab. 8608,
IRIS Urumovii
Bulgaria.
Iridaceae. Tribe Irideae.
Iris, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. in. p. 686.
Iris Urumovii, VelenovsJcy in Oestr. Bot. Zeitschr. vol. Hi. (1902), p. 155;
Dykes in Gard. Chron. 1914, vol. lvi. p. 272 ; affinis I. Sintenisii, Janka,
sed foliis glaucis paucinerviis asperulis hieme absumptis, spathis multo
laxius nervosis asperulis, perigonii tubo breviore distincta.
Herba rhizomate oblique descendente brunneo vix digiti minoris crassitie.
Caales plures, 10-12 cm. alti, tota vel fere tota longitudine foliis inclusi,
basi foliorum vetustorum residuis fuscis cincti. Folia 5-6 cum quoque
. caule, sub anthesi flores vix attingentia, deinde elongata, ad 25 cm. longa,
3-4 mm. lata, linearia, acuta vel acutissima, glauca, laxe nervosa, in nervis
papillis albis majusculis asperula. Spathae 2-3, herbaceae, glauco-virides,
acutae vel subacutae, 6-7 cm. longae, circiter 6 mm. latae, apicem
versus carinatae, nervatione asperitate foliorum. Perigonium pedicello
ovario aequilongo suffultum ; tubus 1 cm. longus, superne ampliatus ;
segmenta exteriora limbo leviter deflexo late ovato circiter 1 cm. longo in
fundo albo coeruleo-purpureo-venoso venis ad margines confluentibus sensim
in unguem cuneato-linearem abeunte, tota 2 5-3 cm. longo; segmenta
interiora suberecta, oblanceolata, obtusa, purpurea, 2*5 cm. longa, 8 mm.
lata. Antherae luteae, 1 cm. longae. Ovarium 1*25 cm. longum, in
tubum perigonii attenuatum ; styli rami late lineares, crista subquadrata
lobis obscure crenulatis. — O. Stapf.
The Iris here figured was discovered by Professor J. K.
Urumov at Eski Dzumaja in Bulgaria in 1901. In his
monograph it was referred by Mr. W. R. Dykes to I. Sin-
tenisii, Janka, but, on raising plants from seeds obtained
from Messrs. Vilmorin, Mr. Dykes recognised it as distinct.
This decision has been confirmed by a plant received by
the Hon. N. C. Rothschild from the original locality in
Bulgaria. The difficulty experienced has been due to
the original description. Dr. Velenovsky has described
the plant as having green leaves and greenish spathes, but
these organs, as Mr. Dykes points out, are glaucous, this
colour being enhanced by the fairly large white asperities
on the nerves. The dimensions here given have been
April, 1915.
derived from the specimen, sent by Mr. Dykes, which has
served for our plate. But the stems may attain a height
of 6-10 inches, while the leaves may be 18 inches long
and a quarter of an inch wide, and the spathes may be
over 4 inches in length. On the other hand Velenovsky's
plants had leaves one-twelfth of an inch across or under,
while according to him the falls may measure as much as
an inch and a half in length by an eighth to a sixth of
an inch in width. Mr. Dykes finds that this species is as
easy to grow in his garden at Godalming as the well-
known 7. graminea. It loses its foliage in the autumn,
and it is not until the end of January that the glaucous
tips of the leaves appear. It is not fastidious as to soil
and has done well in sand enriched with leaf mould and
chalk, but Mr. Dykes believes that it might grow even
better in a stiffer loam overlying chalk. It should be
moved, if necessary, either immediately the flowers are
over or when growth becomes active in spring, but not
in the autumn when the plant is dormant.
Description.— Herb, rootstock brown, oblique, hardly
as thick as a little finger. Stems several, 4-5 in. high, from
almost to quite enveloped by the leaves, their bases sur-
rounded by the dry remains of the old foliage. Leaves 5-6
to a stem, at flowering time barely reaching the blossoms,
thereafter elongating and at length 10 in. long, \-l in. wide
linear, acute or very acute, glaucous, laxly nerved, the
nerves rough with rather large white papillae. Spathes
2-3, herbaceous, glaucous-green, acute or subacute. 21
2§ in. long, about | in. wide, keeled towards the tip,
with rough nerves like the leaves. Perianth with a
pedicel as long as the ovary; tube over \ in. long,
widened upwards ; outer segments 1-1 1 in. long, with a
wide-ovate slightly deflexed limb over J in. long, gradu-
ally narrowed into a linear cuneate claw, with bluish-
purple veins in the white base, the veins confluent towards
the margins ; inner segments 1 in. long, I in. wide sub-
oblanceolate, obtuse, purple. Anthers yellow,
! in. long. Ovary over ± in. long, narrowed into the
perianth-tube ; style-arms wide-linear ; crest subquadrate
with faintly crenulate lobes.
Figs. 1 and 2, anthers ; 3, stigma :— all enlarged,
dfourtl) gfiviti.
No. 125.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
CONTENTS OF No. 125, MAY, 1915.
Tab. 8609.— GENTTANA BARBATA, /. grandiflora
ft
8610.— ZYGOPETALUM PRAINIANUM.
„ 8611.— AMELANCHIER FLORIDA.
„ 8612.— PRIMULA PYCNOLOBA.
j. Reeve & Co.* Ltd., 6. Henrietta Street. Coven t
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8609
3
M. S . del. J.N.Fiteh lith
T+d-;
Vmcen-tBro oks Day &.Son ^t^-imp.
L. "Reeve &C° London-
Tab. 8609.
GENTIANA barbata, forma grandiflora.
Siberia.
Gentianaceab. Tribe Swertieab.
Gentiana, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant vol. ii. p. 815
Gentiana barbata, Froelich, forma grandiflora, Freyn in Ocsfr. Bof.
Zeitschr. vol. xlv. p. 468; a planta typica floribus majoribus 6-8 cm.
longis differt.
Herb a annua, suberecta vel adscendens, caulibus simplicibus vel plus minusve
ramosis teretibus bisulcatis glabris. Folia lineari-lanceolata, acuta vel
acuminata, usque ad 6 cm. longa et 9 mm. lata, costa pagina superiore
impressa inferiore prominente, nervis lateralibus pagina utraque obscuris,
glabra, sessilia. Flores solitarii, pedunculo usque ad 1 dm. longo subterete
glabro suffulti. Calyx viridis, glaber, 5-6 cm. longus, segmentis 4 inter
se inaequalibus, duobus exterioribus lineari-lanceolatis longe acuniinatia
4*2 cm. longis 8 mm. latis, duobus interioribus ovato-lanceolatis acumi-
natis 3 cm. longis 1 cm. latis. Corolla 6-8 cm. longa, glabra ; tubus viridis,
superne leviter ampliatus, basi 4 mm., apice 1*2 cm. diametro, basin
versus glandibus 5 sessilibus staminibus alternatis instructus ; segmenta 4,
patentia, obovato-triangularia, apice subacuta, basi angustata, infra
medium fimbriata, ima basi integra, 3*8 cm. longa, 2*5 cm. lata, extra
viridia, intus coerulea. Stamina 4, filamentis 15 cm. longis medio
2*75 mm. latis glabris decurrentibus, antheris 3 mm. longis. Ovarium
fusiforme. 4 mm. altum, medio 4 mm. diametro, fflabrum. — W. B. Turrill*
The fine Gentian here figured belongs to a group of
forms for which it is hard to find limiting characters,
and there is a fairly complete series of forms transitional
between small northern examples of Gentiana detonsa f
Rottb., a species to which our plant is closely allied and
within which it is at times included, and the form with
large and beautiful flowers represented in our illustration*
The plant originally described as G. detonsa from speci-
mens obtained in Norway and perhaps also in Iceland
is characterised by its quadritid corolla with crenulate
lobes neither barbate nor fimbriate on the margin below
the middle, as well as by having erect stems. The plant
which Froelich first described as G. barbata is usually
considerably larger than typical G. detonsa, with which it
agrees in its quadrifid corolla. It is a native of Siberia
and the Caucasus, and in spite of general agreement
with G. detonsa is readily distinguished by its often
May, 1915.
ascending but not strictly erect stem, by its more acute
or acuminate leaves, and especially by the corolla lobes,
which are fimbriate on the margin just below the middle.
This typical condition of G. barbata has already been
figured at t. 639 of this work as G. ciliata, which name,
however, belongs to another species. The form now
figured differs from typical G. harbata chiefly in having a
larger corolla and longer, more acuminate sepals. The
plant figured was raised from seed received from the
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in 1912,and flowered
at Kew in September, 1914. This form is hardy and has
behaved as a biennial, all the plants having died soon
after flowering ; a few seeds, however, were ripened.
It thrives well in ordinary garden soil and prefers partial
shade.
Description. — Herb, annual, almost erect or more
often ascending; stems simple or somewhat branched,
terete, 2-sulcate, glabrous. Leaves linear-lanceolate,
acute or acuminate, up to 2\ in. long, over ^ in. wide,
midrib impressed above, raised beneath, the lateral
nerves hardly visible on either surface, glabrous, sessile.
Flowers solitary ; peduncle sub terete, glabrous, up to
4 in. long. Calyx green, glabrous, 2-2| in. long ; lobes
4 in two unequal pairs, the two outer linear-lanceolate,
long acuminate, If in. long, ^ in. wide, the two inner
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 1£ in. long, \ in. wide.
Corolla 2^-3 in. long, glabrous ; tube green, slightly
enlarged upwards, \ in. wide at the base, ^ in. wide at
the mouth, with 5 sessile basal glands alternating with
the stamens ; lobes 4, spreading, obovate-triangular, sub-
acute, narrowed to the base, their margin fimbriate below
the middle but entire again at the base, lj in. long, 1 in.
wide, green outside, blue within. Stamens 4, filaments
f in. long, nearly ^ in. wide about the middle, glabrous,
decurrent on the corolla ; anthers \ in. long. Ovary
fusiform, ^ in. long, and in the middle near \ in. across.
Fig. 1, calyx laid open and pistil ; 2, longitudinal section of corolla, showing
staminal insertion ; 3, gland of corolla-tube, alternating with stamens ;
4 and 5, young stamens, with anthers introrse ; 6, older stamen, showing
anther which is now reversed and extrorse ;— all enlarged.
8610
M.S.deU.N.Fitchlith
"VincentBro oks,Day & SoJiLt4inip
L. Reeve &. C9 London,
Tab. 8610.
ZYGOPETALUM Prainianum
Peru.
Orchidaceab. Tribe Vandeae.
Zygopetalum, Hook. ; Benth. et Hook, f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 542
Zygopetalum Prainianum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1914, p. 376; Garrf.
Chron. 1914, vol. lvi. p. 195 ; Orch. Bev. 1914, p. 317 ; affinis Z. Burkei,
Eeichb. f., sed pseudobulbis longioribus, foliis latioribus, et colore florum
differt.
Herba terrestris. Pseudobulbi anguste oblongi, basi paullo incrassati, sulcati,
3-10 cm. longi, apice 2-3-phylli. Folia elongato-lanceolata vel elongate-
oblonga, subacuta, 25-35 cm. longa, 1 ■ 5-3 cm. lata, subcoriacea. Scapi
erecti, circiter 60 cm. longi, basi vaginis spathaceis obtecti, 4-5-flori ;
bracteae ovato-oblongae, subacutae, conduplicato-concavae, 1*5-2 cm.
longae ; pedicelli 3-4 cm. longi. Flores speciosi. Sepala et petala
patentia vel subreflexa, lanceolato-oblonga, subacuta, subcarnosa, circiter
2 - 5 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata. Labellum subpatens, pandurato-oblongum,
subacutum, 2 cm. longum, 1*5 cm. latum, prope apicem subincurvum et
crenulatum, basi callo crasso dentato instructum. Columna clavata,
incurva, 1*5 cm. longa; alae triangulari-oblongae, subincurvae, 4 mm.
longae. Pollinia 4, obovoidea, subcompressa ; stipes squamifonnis,
glandula cordata. — E. A. Eolfe.
The very interesting Zygopetalum which is the subject
of our plate is one of the Peruvian discoveries of
Mr. L. Forget when collecting in South America on
behalf of Messrs. F. Sander and Sons. The plant flowered
for the first time in their collection at St. Albans in
September, 1914, and was then purchased from them for
Kew. Its nearest ally appears to be Z. Burkei, Reichb. f.,
a native of Mount Roraima in British Guiana, the two
species being extremely like each other as regards the
shape of the labellum. They are, however, readily
distinguished by their pseudobulbs and leaves which
are considerably larger in the Peruvian than in the
Guiana plant. They also differ as regards the colour of
their flowers, there being fewer green markings on the
petals of the species here described. The treatment
suitable for the stronger species of Zygopetalum, such as
Z. crinitum or Z. intermedium, is found to be well
adapted to the needs of Z. Prainianum also.
May, 1915.
Description. — Herb, terrestrial ; pseudobulbs narrowly
m.
oblong, slightly thickened at the base, sulcate, 1J-4
long, 2-3-foliate at the apex. Leaves elongate-lanceolate
or
oblong, sub
subcoriaceous. Scap
10-14 in. long, f-li in.
below
ith
wide,
about 2 ft. long, clothed
pathe-like sheaths, 4-5-flowered ; bracts
long
and
oblong, subacute
pedicel
conduplicate-concave, -2
3
in.
If in. long. Flowers showy
Sepals
V
preading or slightly reflexed, lanceolate-
oblong, subacute, somewhat fleshy, about 1 in. long,
wide. Lip somewhat spreading, pandurate-oblong,
in. wide, slightly incurved and
subacute, \ in.
g
2
3
the tip, and with a stout toothed
at
the base. Column clavate, incurved, § in. long, the
wings triangular-oblong, somewhat incurved, f in. long.
Pollinia 4, obovoid, somewhat compressed ; stipe scale
like, with a cordate gland.
Fig. 1, crest of the lip; 2, column ; 3 and 4, pollinarium seen from in front
and from behind : — all enlarged.
8611
M.S.deLJU.FitchliL
d,
VineerX Brook: ■ >ay&.SonLt£ vrap
L.Ree C°iondon.
Tab. 8611.
AMELANCHIER flokida.
North America.
Eosaceae. Tribe Pomeae
Amelanchier, Medic. ; Lindl. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xiii. p. 100; Benth. et
Hook. f. in Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 628.
Amelanchier florida, Lindl. in Bot Beg. vol. xix. t. 1589 (1833) ; Wiegand
in Bhodora, vol. xiv. (1912) p. 143; species A. alnifoliae, Nutt., proxime
accedens sed habitu frutescente foliisque pluridentatis apte distinguenda.
Frutex deciduus, 1-3-metralis ; caules erecti, graciles, caespitosi; novelli
primum tomentosi, demum glabri. Folia ovata, ovalia vel orbicularia,
2-4 '5 cm. longa, l - 25-4 '5 lata, acuta vel truncata, basi rotundata vel
minopere cordata, margine versus basin integra ceterum grosse arguteque
serrata, supra viridia, subtus pallida, juvenilia parcissime tomentosa,
matura glabra ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 9-12 ; petiolus 5-20 mm. longus.
Flores albi, 2-2*5 cm. lati, racemosi; racemi erecti, 2*5-5 cm. longi,
sub-8-flori, ramulos foliatos breviores terminantes ; rhachis glabra vel
primum parce tomentosa, 9-12 mm. longa; pedicelli glabri. Calyx
hypocrateriformis, 4 mm. latus, 5-lobus, glaber vel parce tomentosus ;
lobi anguste triangulares, acuti, 2-4 mm. longi, intus parce floccosi.
Petala 5, oblongo-obovata, apice rotundata, circiter 9 mm. longa, 4'5 mm.
lata. Stamina numerosa antheris luteis. Fructus ovoideus vel globosus,
6-8 mm. longus, calycis lobis persistentibus demum recurvis coronatus ;
maturus niger purpureo-pruinosus. — A. oxyodon, Koehne in Gartenfl. 1902,
p. 609. A. alnifolia, var. florida, C. K. Schn. 111. Handb. Laubholzk.
vol. i. p. 739.— W. J. Bean.
Introduced originally by David Douglas from Western
North America about 1826, Amelanchier florida has pro-
bably been in cultivation during most of the period that
has elapsed since then, although latterly it has been con-
founded with A. alnifolia, Nutt., both in gardens and in
botanical works. Growing together, as these two species
Kew, they are seen to be quite distinct. A
folia is a small
A. florida is a caespitose shrub
slender erect stems forming quite a thicket. The
of A. florida
toothed farther down the mar
the
hypanthium is much less woolly or even quite glabrous
on the outside
fortnight in ad\
and
flowers in early May about
of A. alnifolia. The plant from
which our plate was prepared was obtained from a
continental nursery in 1906 as A. ovyodon, but a com-
May, 1915.
p
th Lindley
typ
preserved at Cambridg
leaves us in no doubt that Koehne's name must b
reduced. A. florida g
regularly and profusely every
freely at Kew, and flowers
It is a charming
shrub, easily accommodated and thriving well in loamy
useful for situations where A
densis might be too
freely under cultival
g
It produ
ifolia and A
good seeds
ration and by them is readily pro
pagated. A. florida appears to be one of the most widely
spread of North American Amelanchiers. It is found
in wooded districts of British Columbia, Oregon and
Washington, extending southwards to Nevada and east-
wards as far as Michigan.
Description.— Shrub, from 4 to 10 ft. high, forming
a cluster of erect, slender stems ; young shoots tomentose
first, soon quite glabrous. Leaves deciduous, varying
from
long by
the base
4
oval and orbicular, and from j *
in. wide, rounded
wo If in.
ards the b
terminal
htly cordate at
truncate at the apex ; margin entire
coarsely and sharply serrate at the
above, pale beneath
thirds
quite glabrous except when unfolding, then slightly
tomentose ; lateral nerves in from nine to twelve pairs ;
petiole
m.
long
Hacemes
1 to 2 in.
g
1 rn 3
terminating short leafy twigs and carrying about eight
flowers. Flowers white, \ to 1 in. wide. Pedicels and
raclns glabrous
long
| to A in.
r slightly tomentose at first, the former
Hypantliium saucer-shaped, } in. wid
glabrous to slightly tomentose ; sepals narrowly triangular,
acute, 1 to 2 lines long, persistent and finally recurved in
fruit, inner surface slightly floccose. Petals 5, oblong-
obovate, rounded at the apex, about f in. long and T \ in.
wide. Stamens numerous; anthers yellow. Fruit ovoid
to globose, I to i in. long, at maturity black with a
purple bloom.
Fig, 1 flower with petals removed ; 2, section of the same ; 3, section of
ovary ; 4, fruit ; 5, seed :— all enlarged.
8612
teS.del.J.K.Fitchiith.
►oksj f&.San ix
Tab. 8612.
PRIMULA PYCNOLOBA.
Szechuan.
Pkimulacbae. Tribe Primuleae.
Primula, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 631.
Primula pycnoloba, Bur. et Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. v. p. 99 ; Pax et
Knuth in Engl. P flan zenr.- Prim, p. 23; Balf. f. in Journ. Boy. Hort.
Soc. vol. xxxix. p. 144, fig. 47; ob calycem bene evolutum corollam
superantern facile distinguenda.
Herba ab radice pullulans. Folia late cordata vel ovato-cordata, usque ad
14 cm. longa lataque, crassius membranacea, pagina superiore magis
minusve bullata, pilis albidis hie illic instructa, inferiore pallidiora, secus
nervos pilis longis albidis subflaccidis densius ornata, e basi 5-nervia,
nervis secundariis e costa ortis utrinsecus 4-5, omnibus ad marginem
excurrentibus infra prominent ibus, margine lobulata, lobulis rotundatis
irregulariter parcius denticulata, ciliata; petiolus lamina nunc parum
longior, nunc parum brevior, densius lanuginosus. Scapus usque ad
20 cm. altus, racemum submultiflorum suffulciens, lanuginosus ; bracteae
foliaceae pedicellos superantes, oblanceolatae vel late oblanceolatae,
apice acutae, basi excepta pauci-serratae ; pedicelli circiter 2 cm. longi.
Calyx primo lobis erectis turbinatus, lobis mox patulis, extra praecipue
versus basin pilis longis albis, intus pilis brevibus albis instructus ; tubus
1'3-1*7 cm. longus; lobi 5-6, late lanceolati vel ovato-lanceolati,
apiculati, 10-14 mm. longi, 5-6*5 mm. lati, integri vel irregulariter
serrulati, interdum bifidi. Corollae tubus 14*5 mm. longus, 2*75 mm.
diametro, extra pilis albis brevibus perpaucisque longioribus additis
instructus; lobi 5-6, oblongi, retusi, 4 mm. longi, 3 mm. lati. Antherae
parvae. Ovarium subglobosum, 2 mm. altum, stylo glabro, stigmate
conspicuo capitato. — W. G. Craib.
The Primula now figured is a native of the western
districts of Szechuan in South-west China. It was first
met with in 1890 in the neighbourhood of Ta-tsien-lu by
Prince Henri d' Orleans and his companion Mr. Bonvalot,
and was originally described from their specimens by
Professor Bureau and the late Mr. Franchet. It was
met with again in the same neighbourhood in 1908 by
Mr. E. H. Wilson when collecting on behalf of Messrs.
J. Veitch and Sons, and was introduced to horticulture
by them from seeds received from Wilson. The plant
from which our plate has been prepared was presented
to Kew bv Messrs. Veitch in 1912, and flowered in the
Alpine Collection in 1913. As a species P. pycnoloba
May, 1915.
stands in marked contrast to many of the forms, and
more especially to those whose home is in Western and
Southern China, which have been recognised within the
genus Primula, in exhibiting characters which admit of
its unqualified recognition. But if there is in this case
no question as to the claim of our plant to specific rank
its position within the genus has been the subject of
some debate. Professor Pax and his fellow-worker
Dr. Knuth have treated it as a member of the section
which includes the familiar P. sinensis, Sabine, already
figured in this work. Professor Bayley Balfour, how-
ever m his more recent scholarly study of the Chinese
members of this difficult genus has advanced good
reasons for the view that the Sinenses of Pax and
Knuth should be regarded rather as an aggregate of
natural groups or sections, of one of which, the section
lycnoLoba, the species now described is the type and
the sole representative. P. pycnoloba thrives well under
ordinary alpine treatment in a shaded portion of the
Kock Garden, and so far has not been injured by cold
at Kew. It can also be successfully grown in pots in
a cold frame. At Edinburgh, Professor Balfour states,
it is easily grown if protected from overhead moisture
when resting; it spreads rapidly in the soil by means
of its root-buds, which afford a ready means of propa-
gation It may be remarked here that the plant now
figured suggests that it represents an unusually vigorous
strain; at all events it has more numerous flowers and
rather broader calyx-lobes.
Description.-//^, spreading by means of root-buds.
Leaves broadly cordate or ovate-cordate, up to 6 in
across, rather thickly membranous, more or less bullate
above, with a few scattered white hairs, paler beneath
and rather closely hirsute with long rather soft white
hairs on the nerves 5-nerved from the base, secondary
nerves from the midrib 4-5 on each side, all exounent
and all raised beneath, margin lobulate, the lobules
rounded and irregularly sparingly denticulate, ciliate ;
petiole at times rather longer than the blade, at times
somewhat shorter, downy. Scape up to 8 in. long,
downy, with a rather close-flowered terminal raceme
bracts leafy
than the pedicels, oblanceolate or
I
wide-oblanceolate, acute, sparingly
the base; pedicels about
its lobes at first erect
3_
but
m.
g
a
soon spreadh
turbinate
with
long
white hairs especially near the base outside, uniformly
clothed with short white hairs within ;
tub
i
Ion
lobes
i
.s
]
in. long, i-i
2-fid.
wide-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate
wide, entire or irregularly
in.
sometimes
Corolla dark pink ; tube under
2
■
111.
long, about
hairs
but
i
8
with
in. wide, clothed outside with short white
g, retuse,
a few longer intermixed ; lobes 5-Q,
long, I in.
in.
wide
Ovary subglobose,
rather large, capitate
in.
g; sty
Anthers small
labrous; stigma
Fig. 1, corolla in longitudinal section, showing the anthers ; 2, pistil :— both
enla rged.
ffomtl) Btxiti.
No. 126.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
CONTENTS OF No. 126, JUNE, 1915.
Tab. 8613.— ARI^TOLOCHIA LONGECATJDATA
ft
"■•
>>
8614.— HIPPEASTRUM ELWESII.
8615.— PHELIPAEA FOLIATA.
„ 8616.— DORSTENIA YAMBTJYAENSI&
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Tab. 8613.
ARISTOLOCHIA longecaudata.
Tropical South America.
Aristolochiaceae.
Aristolochia, Linn. ; Bcnth. ct Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 12I5.
■
Aristolochia longecaudata, Mast, in Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. iv. pars 2, p. 84,
ct in Gard. Chron. 1890, vol. viii. p. 493, fig. 98, non S. Wats. ; species
A. Lcpricurii, Duchartre, afliuis, periantbii tubo infra oblique infiato ditfert.
Herba perennis. Caulis scandens, pilis brevibus sparsim instructus. Folia,
integra vel lobata, plus ruinusve ovata vel oblonga, acuta vcl acuminata,
basi corilata, usque ad 11 cm. longa, 2-6 cm. lata, supra glabra, subtus
minute denseque pubescentia, trinervia, ncrvis lateralibus lamina quadrante
brevioribus, venulis dense rcticulatis; petiolus 4 cm. longus, pubescens.
Floret solitarcs, axillarcs ; pcdiculli 3 cm. longi, pubescentes. Pcrianthiuni
dilute crcmeum, extra brunneo-reticulatum ct striatuin, parte basali
oblique infiato 4*5 cm. longo circiter 2- 5 cm. diametro intus areis
duabus lateralibus albo-araclmoidcis instructo, fauce intus pilis brunneis
dense vestita; lobus e basi 3 cm. lata ad apicem gradatim attcnuatus,
20 cm. longus, spiraliter tortus. Stamina 6 ; antberae cereo-flavae.
Ovarium 3 cm. longum, pubescens, leviter sulcatum ; styli rami 0, obtusi.
C. H. Wkigut.
The Birthwort which is the subject of our illustration
was first described by the late Dr. Maxwell Masters from
herbarium specimens collected by Mr. Appun in British
Guiana. It was alluded to again by Masters in the
Gardeners' Chronicle in 1890, his note being accompanied
by a figure based on a plant introduced from Demerara
and flowered at North Cray by Mr. Todd. The present
figure has been prepared from a plant presented to
Kew in June, 1913, by the Rev. A. Miles-Moss who
had met with this and several other species of Aristo-
lochia in the State of Para, Brazil. This plant has
thriven well in a moist tropical house. It flowered for
the first time in February, 1914, when its identity with
the Guiana plant described by Masters as A. longeo tutl tta
was established. Among the especial characters noted
by Masters as characteristic of the species is the dense
patch of hairs in the perianth throat. Another notable,
though in the genus Aristolochia rather general feature
is the powerful and disagreeable odour of the flowers in
June, 1915.
our plant, which it ought to be remarked must not be
confused with the very different A. loncjecaudata from
Mexico described by Dr. Sereno Watson, which Dr. Rose
has more recently renamed A. Pringlei. Already two
Birthworts with elongated perianth-lobes have been
described in this work. One of these was figured at
t. 2545 as A. labiosa, Ker-Gawl. ; this species, which has
the lobe widened and 2-lobulate at the end and of a
paler ground-colour, was also figured as A. ci/mbifera,
Mart. & Zucc, which is the correct name, in the Botanical
Register at 1. 1543. The other species with an elongated
lobe already figured here is A. grandiflora, Vahl, described
at t. 4369 ; in this plant the basal portion of the lobe is
suborbicular, above the base it is suddenly contracted
into a long tail. The species to which A. longecaudata is
most closely allied is A. Leprieurii, Duchartre, which
differs in having the inflated portion of the perianth
straight.
Description.—^^, perennial. Stem scandent, spar-
ingly shortly hirsute. Leaves entire or lobed, more or
less ovate or oblong, acute or acuminate, base cordate,
up to 4J in. long, §-2£ in. wide, glabrous above, minutely
and densely pubescent beneath, 3-nerved, the side nerves
one-fourth shorter than the leaf-blade, the veins closely
reticulated; petiole If in. long, pubescent. Flowers
solitary, axillary; pedicels 1J in. long, pubescent.
Perianth of a pale cream ground colour, with brown
* reticulations externally, basal portion ob-
liquely hnflated, If in. long, about 1 in. wide, with 2
lateral white-arachnoid patches within ; throat densely
clothed with brown hairs inside ; lobes gradually narrowed
to the end from a base l£ in. wide, about 8 in. long,
spirally twisted throughout. Stamens 6 ; anthers waxy-
yellow. Ovary If in. long, pubescent, slightly sulcate ;
style-arms 6, obtuse.
streaks and
«t F f' )' a o t n - ire ^ fr0 , m Iower P° rtio » of stem ; 2, portion of the underside
of a leaf ; 3 hairs ; 4, one-half of the corolla-tube, laid open ; 5, spinose hairs
S«™ V q ^ m n ! arer the base of the tube >• 7 > hairs ot thc b ase, flat-
adpressed; 8, stamens and pistil :—all enlarged except 1, tohich is of natural
een
M.S. del. JJM RtchlitK.
Vincent Brooks,Day & SonLt^imp
L Reeve & c c L ondon
Tab. 8614.
HIPPEASTRUM Elwesii
Argentina.
Amaryllidaceae. Tribe Amarylleae.
Hippeastrum, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 724
Hcrba
5 mm. lata.
Hippeastrum (§ Habranthus) Elwesii, C. H. Wright in Keiv Bulletin, 1914,
p. 330; species H. Ananucae, Phil., affinis, perianthii segmentis luteis
concolonbus, tubo mtus sanguineo, staminibusque perianthio dimidio
brevioribus differt.
Folia synanthia, linearia, acuminata, concava, 26 cm. longa,
Pedunculus cylindricus, 6 mm. diametro, biflorus ; spathae 2,
herbaceae, oblongae, concavae, acutae, 6 cm. longae, 8 mm. latae ; pedicelli
circiter 4 cm. longi, crassiusculi. Perianthium clare luteum, tubo intus
sangumeo ; tubus infundibuliformis, 1 cm. longus, basi 6 mm. diametro,
squamis brevibus transversalibus supra filamentorum insertionem
mstructus;_ lobi demum pubpatentes, elliptic!, subacuti, 4 cm. longi,
1*8 cm. lati. Stamina perianthio dimidio breviora. Ovarium oblongum,
12 mm. longum, 7 mm. latum, subcylindricum ; stylus staminibus duplo
longior ; stigmatis rami breves.— C. H. Wright.
The Hippeastrum of which a plate is given here was
discovered by Mr. H. J. Elwes in 1902 near Lake Nahuel-
Huapi on the Rio Limay in Argentina. The upper
reaches of this river, where //. Elwesii grows, arc in a high
dry valley with a cold winter climate and witli a vegeta-
tion quite different from that met with at similar alti-
tudes on the Chilian side of the Andes. A plant brought
to England by Mr. Elwes flowered in his garden at
Colesbornc in September, 1903, and the scape then pro-
duced forms the main part of the present figure. The
plant flowered again in September, 1914, and from
material then supplied the plate was completed. In
the genus Hippeastrum, H. Elwesii seems very distinct
in the ultimately spreading perianth-lobes. It is
perhaps most nearly allied to II. Ananuca, Phil., originally
described from specimens collected at Caldera in the
province of Atacama, but is readily distinguished from
that species by its uniformly pale yellow perianth-lobes
with the tube claret-coloured inside; in //. Ananuca the
lobes though yellow elsewhere have vivid red midribs.
June, 1915.
The prolonged interval between the first and second
flowering of this plant at Colesborne testifies to the diffi-
experienced in providing suitable conditions. This
difficulty, Mr. Elwes points out, it shares with antipodean
bulbs generally, and resides in their unwillingness to
change their season of growth. The beautiful terrestrial
orchids secured by Mr. Elwes during the journey of
1902 it has been impossible to preserve, and even in
those instances in which species like Tecophilaea ci/ano-
crocus, Mppeastrum pratense, Alstromeria Jlookeri have
survived, it has been necessary to afford frame protection.
Even when raised from seed ripened in this country the
plants of Alstromeria do not readily change their season,
but continue in growth throughout the winter. Doubt-
less it is largely owing to this intractability that com-
paratively few of the beautiful bulbous plants from the
Andes of Chile and Northern Patagonia are to be found
English gardens, and it would be well if those who
have correspondents resident there could induce these to
send plants or seeds to this country and to repeat their
introductions from time to time until the difficulty to
which Mr. Elwes refers has been at last overcome.
Description.— 77^, bulbous at the base. Leaves
contemporaneous with the flowers, linear, acuminate,
concave, about 10 in. long, I in. wide. Peduncle cylin'
dric, I in. thick, 2-flowered; spathes 2, herbaceous,
oblong, concave, acute, 2^ in. long, I in. broad ; pedicels
about i in. long, rather stout. Perianth pale yellow,
tube claret-coloured within ; tube funneNshaped, over
: , m. long, ^ in. wide at the base, with a series of short
transverse scales within above the point of attachment
or the filaments; lobes at length somewhat spreading,
elliptic, subacute, If in. long, $ in. wide. Stamens half the
length of the perianth. Ovary oblong, J in. long, under
3 in. wide, subcylindric ; style twice as long as the
stamens, stigmatic arms short.
staSn;' %&ZSSf5£&** Peri8nth ' Sh °™ g traDSVerSe SCale and
861
o
M.S. del. J.KHtcKJilh.
5
Vincartt .Bronk.^Day&Son Li mp
Rft-'ve<3c C? London.
Tab. 8615.
PHELIPAEA FOLIATA
Crimea and Caucasus.
Orobanchaceae.
Phelipaea. Dcsf. (ex parte) ; Bcnth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 982.
Phelipaea foliata, Lambert in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol. x, p. 260, t. 7, a
caeteris generis speciebus differt corollae lobis minus latis patentibus,
haud vel leviter imbricatis, antheris glabris.
Herba parasitica, aphylla, ab 30 cm. alta. Caulis simplex, crassiusculus,
sparse vel superne densiuscule pube minutissima glandulosa atro-rufa
indutus, rubescens. Squamae ovato-oblongae, obtusae, semiamplexicaules,
longitudine valde variae, secundum caulem ad eius medium dispersae, magis
minus ve remotae. Flos terminalis, solitarius, bracteatus. Calyx late
campanulatus, inaequaliter 5-lobus, 1-5-3 cm. longus, tubo 5 mm. (raro
ultra) longo, ob lobos posticos 3 retrorsum, anticos 2 antrorsum approxi-
mates subbilabiatum, lobis oblongis vel ovatis, obtusis vel acutis, totus
magis minusve pube eadem ac caulis indutus. Corollae tubus latus,
curvatus, 1-5-2-5 cm. longus, supra medium obliquissime ampliatus,
extra flavidus, rubro-suffusus et superne tenuiter papillosus, intus antice
e fauce ad staminum insertionem ferrugineo-barbatus ; limbus coccineus,
2-labiatus, lobis subaequalibus rotundo-ellipticis vel rotundo-oblongis
patentibus obtusis fere 1*5 cm. longis, paulo minus latis, labio infero ad
fauces maculis binis atris in tubum descendentibus et ibi confluentibus
rufo-barbatis ornato. Filamenta glabra; antherae mucronatae, 3 mm.
longae, glabrae. Ovarium glabrum ; stigma late discouleum, subintegrum.
Capsula late ovoidea, ultra 1 cm. longa.— P. coccinea, Poir., Encycl.
Meth. vol. v. (1804), p. 268 (ex parte ?) ; Bornmuell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss.
ser. 2, vol. ii. (1904), p. 687 (ex parte). Lathraea Phelypaca, Gueldenst.,
Reis. d. Russl. vol. i. (1787), p. 422, non Linn. Orobanehe cocriju,/,
M. Bieb. Tabl. Prov. entre Terek et Kour (1797), p. 58; Fl. Tour. Cauc.
vol. ii. (1808), p. 84 (excl. syn Tournef. et Lamk) ; Reichenb., PI.
Crit. t. 699, fig. 937, 938. Anoplon Biebersteinii, C. A. Mey.,
Verzeichn. Pfl. Cauc. (1831), p. 104. A. coccineum, C. Koch in Linnaea,
vol. xxii (1849), p. 670. Anoplanthus coccineus, Walp. Repert. vol. hi.
(1845), p. 481 (ex parte); Boiss. Fl. Or. vol. iv. (1879), p. 494; Gard.
Chron. 1914, vol. iv. p. 401, fig. 184. Anoplanthus Biebersteinii, Reut.
in DC. Prodr. vol. xi. (1847), p. 42, excl. var. /3; Regel in Gartenfl.
(1880), p. 34, t. 1000.— O. Stapf.
The genus to which the striking and brilliantly coloured
parasite now depicted belongs was discovered by Tourne-
fort in Armenia in 1701, and dedicated by him to the
family of the distinguished Chancellor of France, Louis
Phelipeaux, Count of Pontchartrain who, as the Secre-
tary of State in charge of the Academies, moved his
Sovereign in 1699 to send Tournefort to the Levant.
June, 1915.
m
far
Unfortunately Tournefort added to his genus a yellow-
flowered Iberian species of Clstanche. This misappre-
hension might have been of small account had not
Linnaeus, half a century later, placed Tournefort's genus
in Lathrdea, as L. Phaelypaea, including in his species so
named both the Phelipaea and the Clstanche, and, to make
rse, treating the red-flowered Phelipaea as a
mere variety of the yellow-flowered Cistanche. The
extraordinary degree of confusion which resulted from
this treatment it took nearly a century and a half to
clear up ; the story has been lucidly told by Dr. Stapf
in the Kew Bulletin for 1915. In the meantime it is
sufficient to remark that the name Arwplanthus which
has been used for this genus is a needless innovation and
as is known, there are but three species of
Iltelipaea, the species discovered by Tournefort, which
Desfontaines named P. Toumefortii; the subject of our
plate, which Lambert named P. foliata; and a third
species, P. Boissieri, a description of which is to be found
in Dr. Stapf's article in the Kew Bulletin. The original
species has been repeatedly collected in Armenia°and
occurs also in Kurdistan. The one now figured was first
met with near Tiflis by Giildenstedt and in the northern
foothills of the Caucasus and in Daghestan and Shirwan
by Marshal von Bieberstein. It has since been collected
in various localities on both sides of the Caucasus and in
the southern Crimea. The area of the genus extends to
JNortn Syria, through Southern Asia Minor as far as
Caria and eastwards to Tabriz. The host-plant of
P. Johata, so far as is known, is always Centaur ea dealbata ;
I. 1 ournefortn has been collected as a parasite affecting
± yrethrum myriophyllum. fe
The plants on which our figure has been based
were grown at Kew from seeds received from the
Botanic Garden, Tiflis, in 1911. In this case the host-
plant was Lentaurea dealbata. The seeds of host and
parasite were sown together in a pot, but only the
Centaurea came up. Later in 1911 the Centaurea
planted in the Rock Garden, where it grew alone u
in May, 1914, seven stems of the Phelipaea, each bearing
a solitary flower-bud, made their appearance, the first
bud to open doing so in the middle of the month. It is
was
;
interesting to recollect that a very similar experience has
been recorded in Gartenflora for 1880 on the part of the
Imperial Botanic Garden, Petrograd. There, in June,
1879, after a corresponding interval, plants of P. foliata
made their appearance in association with a Centaurea.
The difference in this case is that roots, not seeds, of the
host, which had come from the Caucasus, were planted
in the first instance. The combination of the bright
scarlet flowers of the parasite with the silvery grey
foliage of the host is singularly attractive, and one
marked feature of the partnership in the Kew case has
been that the health of the host, so far as may be judged
by its appearance, has remained unimpaired.
Description.—//^^, parasitic, leafless. Stems simple,
rather stout, glandular-puberulous especially in the upper
half, reddish, 1-1 £ ft. high. Scales ovate-oblong, obtuse,
stem-clasping, scattered on the lower half of the stem
and fairly wide apart, papillose-puberulous or glabrous.
Flower solitary, terminal, ebracteate. Calyx campanu-
late, f-lj in. long, unequally 5-lobed, usually somewhat
2-lipped and more deeply divided between the 3 upper
approximate lobes and the two lower; lobes oblong or
ovate, obtuse, more or less glandular-papillose through-
out, or glabrescent upwards, deep-red or chestnut-brown.
Corolla ringent ; tube widely and obliquely campanulate,
at length incurved, f-1 in. long, orange flushed with red
outside, and sparingly papillose upwards, pilose in the
front of the throat down to the attachment of the
filaments; limb 2-lipped, lobes of each lip subequal,
rounded, those of the upper rather smaller than those
of the lower, J-J in. across, reddish-yellow outside,,
brilliant crimson within, the throat with 2 black hirsute
spots. Filaments glabrous; anthers mucronate, \ in.
long, glabrous. Ovary glabrous ; stigma wide-discoid,
subentire. Capsule wide-ovate, nearly A in. long.
Fig. 1, portion of mterior of corolla-tube, showing the attachment of the
stamens ; 2 and 3, anthers ; 4, pistil ; 5, sketch of entire plant with its host :—
all enlarged except 5, tvhich is much reduced
8616
M.S.Ael.J.N.PitcKliti
Vzri mtBrook
lit
-Reeve 5c C°
onaon.
Tab. 8616.
t
DORSTENIA yambuyaensis.
Belgian Congo.
Ueticaceae. Tribe Moeeae.
Dorstenia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 366
Dorstenia yambuyaensis, De Wild, in Ann. Mus. Congo, ser. 5 vol ii
p. 241 ; vol. iii. p. 66, t. 5, p. 67, fig. 2 et 3; affinis D. Mannii, Hook, f.',
sed receptacuh processubus multo longioribus et pinnatisectis differt.
Hcrba ad 30-50 cm. alta. Caulis erectus, dense subhispido-pubescens. Folio
altema; petioli 6-10 mm. longi, subhispidi; laminae 7-16 cm. longae,
4-7 cm. latae, elliptico-lanceolatae, abrupte et obtuse acuminatae, basi
cuneatae, margine irregulariter dentatae dentibus 1*6-7 mm. longis
obtusis, utrinque glabrae, supra nitidae. Stipulae 3-10 mm. longae,
filiformes, hispidulae. Pedunculi axillares, solitaiii, 2-5-4-5 cm. longi,
subhispidi. Rcccptacula angulato-orbiculata disco 1-5-2 cm. diametro!
anguste alata et processubus 1-11 cm. longis circumdata processubus
longioribus basi pinnatisectis, dorso tenuiter subhispida, viridia. Flores
niasculi 2-4-andri. Flores feminci inter masculos dispersi; ovarium
ovoidcum in stylum bifidum attenuatum. — N. E. Brown.
The interesting Dorstenia which we figure here is a
native of the Belgian Congo, in some districts of which
territory it is plentiful. For its introduction to cultiva-
tion we are indebted to the efforts of the Director of the
Botanic Garden at Eala in the Equatorial Province,
whence living plants appear to have reached the Colonial
Garden at Laeken near Brussels about the year 1907.
It first became known to English horticulture in October,
1910, when a plant was exhibited at a meeting of the
Royal Horticultural Society by Messrs. J. Veitch and
Sons on behalf of the Director of the Royal Botanic
Garden at Brussels. This plant was thereafter presented
to the Royal Gardens at Kew, and forms the subject of
our illustration. D. yamhuyaensis is a plant of erect
habit and produces its flowers at the tips of slender
axillary peduncles when it is about a foot and a half
high. As an addition to our tropical greenhouses this
species is remarkable for the much elongated pinnatisect
processes of the receptacle, a character which at the
same time readily distinguishes it from its congeners.
Junk, 1915.
The plant
and fio
freely if g
temperature and g
a light
rich soil. Propag
dily effected by means of cuttings of the y
shoots inserted during the summer months
Description. — Herb : stem
closely and rather hispidly hairy. L
1-1 1 ft. in hei
alternate,
elliptic-lanceolate, abruptly and bluntly acuminate, b
cuneate, margin irregularly toothed, the teeth obtuse,
3-6 in. long, \\-Z in. wide, glabrous on both sides, dark
green and shining above, paler and dull beneath ; petiole
long, rather hispidly hairy ; stipules \~^ in. long,
i
i
filiform, slightly hispid. Peduncles axillary,
1
orbicular, disk
ary
rather hispidly hairy. Receptacles angularly
4
ly winged and g
fi
ff a number of marginal processes varying in length from
£er processes pinnatisect near
very sparingly hispidly hairy
s with 2-4 stamens. Female
their b
the back
Male fl<
and
interspersed among the males; ovary ovoid
narrowed into a 2-fid sublateral style
Fig. 1, receptacle, seen in section; 2, a male flower; 3, rudimentary ovary
of the same accompanied by two stamens ; 4, a single stamen showing the
mflexcd anther of a young flower ; 5, ovary :— all enlarged.
dfoutrtfj Stmts.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
CONTENTS OF No, 127, JULY, 1915.
Tab. 8617.— ECHIUM PEREZII.
„ 8618.-POLYSTACHYA PANICTJLATA.
„ 8619.— MECOtfOPSIS PRATTII.
8620.-RHODODENDRON CONCINNUM.
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8617
-
M.S.del.J.N.Fitchlith.
Vincent BrooksJ) ay &.Son Lt d imp
l.Reeve &_C 9 London
Tab. 8617.
ECHIUM Perezii
Island of Pal ma.
BORAGINACEAE. Tribe BORAGINEAE.
Echium, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 863
Echium Perezii, Sprague in Kew Ball. 1914, pp. 210, 267; affinis E. Wild-
pretii^ H. H. "W. Pearson, a quo thyrso laxo cyaiis conspicue pedunculatis,
styli ramis longioribus, foliorum lamina usque ad basin decurrente
distinguitur.
Herb a erecta, cireiter 0*6 m. alta (in insulis canariensibus ad 2 m. alta).
Caulis simplex, basi defoliatus, ceterum dense foliatus. Folia inferiora
deflexa, anguste lineari-lanceolata, cireiter 13 em. longa, 0*8-1*3 cm. lata,
caudato-acuminata, in basin sensim angustata, grosse sericeo-pilosa ; nervi
laterales utrinsecus cireiter 4, satis obliqui, supra inconspicui, leviter
impressi, subtus elevati ; folia superiora adscendentia. Thyrsus terminalis,
ovoideus, multiflorus, cireiter 25 cm. longus, 13 cm. diametro ; cymae
scorpioideae, conspicue pedunculatae, cireiter 8 cm. longae pedunculis
2-3 cm. longis inclusis ; cymae inferiores et intermediae bifurcatae,
cireiter 25-florae, superiores simplices ; pedunculi et rhachis patenter
pilosi ; bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, 6-8 mm. longae. Calycis segmenta
erecta, lanceolata, acuta, 6-7 mm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata, extra hirsuta.
Corolla subrotata, regularis, 8 mm. longa, pallide rosea ; lobi patentes
vel apicem versus leviter deflexi, late ovati, marginibus deflexis. Stamina
e plicis elevatis corollae tubi orta, longe exserta, aequaliter divergentia.
Stylus cireiter 2 cm. longus, basi et superne glaber, ceterum pilosus ;
rami fere 2 mm. longi. Niiculae tuberculatae, rostro patulo. — T. A.
Sprague.
For the introduction to cultivation of the striking
Echium which forms the subject of our plate, horticulture
is indebted to Dr. G. V. Perez of Tenerife, from whom
seeds were received at Kew in 1911. These seeds were
sown in heat in the following spring, and two years
later the plants raised came into flower in the Temperate
House, when they were recognised by Mr. Sprague, who
has made an exhaustive study of the genus Echium, as
belonging to a hitherto uncharacterised species, nearly
allied to E. Wildpretii, figured at t. 7847 of this work.
The illustration here given represents one of these
plants. The plant now figured resembles./?. Wildpretii
in its foliage except in that the leaves are decurrent
to the base ; it further differs bv its lax thyrse and
m having longer style-arms. The species has been
named in honour of the discoverer, who has done so
much for the cause of botany in the Canaries, and is
himself an ardent student of the genus to which it
July, 1015.
belongs. E. Perezii, the plant now described, is confined
to the Island of Palma, one of the western members of
the Canary Group, where it was first met with a few
years ago near Punta Liana. Its ally E. Wildpretii on
the other hand is a native of Tenerife. There is a
difference possibly of minor importance in the colour of
their corollas, that of E. Wildpretii being pale red,
whereas that of our plant is pale pink. The most
striking difference is in their general habit. This will be
best appreciated by an examination of photographs of
the two published in the Kew Bulletin for 1914 at
pp. 266, 267. The treatment most suitable for both is
pot-cultivation in a light loamy compost in a sunny
greenhouse. The plants of E. Perez ii when they came
into flower were in eight-inch pots.
Description.— Herb, tall and erect. Stem in the plant
figured about 2 ft. high, in those grown in the Canaries
over 6 ft. in height, simple, losing its leaves at the base,
elsewhere densely leafy. Leaves above the base deflexed,
narrowly linear-lanceolate, about 5 in. long, J-J in. wide,
caudate-acuminate, gradually narrowed to the base,
rather coarsely silky; lateral nerves about 4 on each
side, somewhat oblique, hardly visible or slightly sunk
above, raised beneath ; upper leaves similar but ascend
ing. Thyrse terminal, ovoid, many-flowered, about 10 in.
long and 5 in. across ; cymes scorpioid, very markedly
pedunculate, about 3 in. long, including the j~l£ in. long
peduncles; lower and intermediate cymes 2-furcate,
about 25-flowered, upper cymes simple; peduncles and
rachis pilose with spreading hairs ; bracts linear-lanceo-
late, J-4 in. long. Calyx lobed nearly to the middle ;
segments erect, lanceolate, acute, about { in. long, T ' .,-■ J-
in. wide, hirsute outside. Corolla subrotate, regular, \ "in.
long, pale pink or rose ; lobes spreading or with their
tips slightly deflexed, wide ovate with deflexed edges.
btamens inserted on raised folds of the corolla-tube, far
exserted, uniformly divergent. Style about § in. long,
glabrous at the base and near the top, elsewhere pilose ;
style-arms about -^ in. long. Nutlets tubercled.
■Jlnit nW^ ?7 ° a r X a ? (1 St - vle ; 3 an<1 4 ' anthers ' 5 < P istil ! 6, sketch of
«n entire plant ;~aU , niarged except 0, which i» much reduced.
8618
* » hm
i
"Vincent Broolcs,Day &.SonL^nnp
L.Reeve &C° Lc
i
Tab. 8618
POLYSTACHYA paniculata
Tropical West Africa
Orchidaceae. Tribe Vandeae.
Polystachya, Hook. ; Benth. et HooJc. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 540
Polystachya paniculata, Rolf e in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vol. vii. p. 113 ; Gavd.
Chron. 1910, vol. xlviii. p. 462, fig. 202 ; inter species africanas foliis
oblongis et coriaceis, floribus ample paniculatis et labello integro distincta.
Herba epiphytica, 15-30 cm. longa. Caules erecti, 8-15 cm. longi, subteretes,
3-4-phylli. Folia oblonga, breviter et obtuse biloba, coriacea, 14-17 cm.
longa, 2*5-3 cm. lata. Inflorescentia terminalis, pedunculata, 15-25 cm.
longa, ample paniculata, basi spathis oblongis 2 vel 3 obtecta ; bracteae
minutae ; pedicelli graciles, 2 mm. longi. Flores numerosi, parvi.
Sep alum posticum oblongum, subobtusum, 3-4 mm. longum ; sepala
lateral ia ovata, postico latiora. Petala linearia, obtusa, 3-4 mm. longa.
Labellum integrum, recurvum, oblongum, subobtusum, 3-4 mm. longum,
margine undulatum. Columna lata, brevis. Pollinia 4, ovoidea ; stipes
oblonga ; glandula squamiformis. — Dendrobium paniculatum, Swartz in
Schrad. Neues Journ. vol. i. p. 97; Pers. Syn. vol. ii. p. 523; Lindl. Gen.
& Sp. Orch. p. 92. — E. A. Rolfe.
The interesting orchid which forms the subject of our
illustration was originally discovered in Sierra Leone by
Afzelius and was described by Swartz from this material
as Dendrobium paniculata?)!. Its identity had long been
doubtful, but was definitely settled owing to the kindness
of Professor Fries of Upsala by whom the type of the
species was lent to Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer while the
Orchidaceae of Tropical Africa were being described.
When the species was transferred to its true genus,
Polystachya, in 1897, it was still known only from the
Afzelian specimens, but a few years later a good
herbarium specimen was transmitted to Kew by Mr. C. B.
Ussher, who had met with it again in the Mabira Forest,
Chagwe, in the Uganda Protectorate. For its intro-
duction to our collections orchid growers are indebted to
the late Sir Trevor Lawrence, who had received plants
from West Africa communicated by his son, Captain C. T.
Lawrence. It flowered in Sir Trevor's collection at
Burford, and was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal
July, 1915.
Horticultural Society in Aug
1910. Since then it
has found its
ay
into various collections and has
flowered on several occasions. The plant from which
figure has been made was obtained for Kew
1910
from Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Hay wards Heath.
It grows well and flowers annually at Kew in March in
a tropical house under the treatment suitable for most
species of Dendrobium and Epidendrum. The flowers of
P. paniculata are borne in a dense panicle; the yellow
sepals and petals striped with orange-red, and the reddish
orange lip, combine in rendering it a striking object.
Description. — Herb, epiphytic. Stems erect, 3-6 in.
long, subterete, 3-4-foliate. Leaves oblong, shortly
bluntly 2-lobed, coriaceous, 5-7 in. long, 1
H
in. wide.
Inflorescence terminal, pedunculate, 6-10 in. long, copi-
ously panicled, clothed below with 2-3 oblong sheaths ;
bracts minute ; pedicels slender,
T2
m.
long.
Flowers
obtuse,
numerous, small. Sepals : posterior oblong, somewhat
■^-^ in. long; lateral ovate, wider than the
posterior ; all yellow with orange stripes.
ins
blunt,
Petals linear,
in. long, yellow with a central orange stripe.
Lip orange, entire, recurved, oblong , rather blunt, -|-
i
m.
long, its
margin
undulate. Column short and broad.
Pollinia 4, ovoid ; stipe oblong ; gland scale-like.
Fig. 1, a single flower; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap; 6, pol-
Iinanum; 7, sketch of an entire plant:— all enlarged except 7, which is much
reduced.
8619
\ "-U.Fir
V Dt &L.i
Reeve atC9L<m< u
Tab. 8610.
MECONOPSIS Prattii. *
Western China.
Meconopsis, Vig.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 52; Prantl d
Kilndig in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. vol. iii. pars 2, p. 141.
Meconopsis (§ Eumeconopsis) Prattii, Prain in Bot. Mag. sub t. 8568
[nomen] ; Kew Bull. 1915, p. 148 ; species e grege Aculeatarum ad M.
smuatam, Pram, proxime accedens, a qua tamen foliis subintegris petalisque
numerosioribus differt.
Herba monocarpica; caulis simplex scapiformis, 3 '5-7' 5 dm. altus, aculeatus.
Folia radicaha rosulata demum evanida ; caulina alterna, utrinque aculeis
simplicibus stramineis induta, lanceolata, margine subintegra, apice acuta,
basi in petiolum latiorem angustata, virida subtus pallidiora; lamina
8-14 cm. longa, 2-2*5 cm. lata; petioli inferiores 4-6 cm, longi, gradatim
breviores. Flores in cymas elongatas racemiformes dispositi ; pedicel] i
saepissime 1-2 cm., rarissime 3-4 cm, longi, aculeati, saepissime bracteati;
bracteae foliis conformes nisi minores sessilesque. Sepala 2, oblongo-
ovata, 1 • 5 cm. longa, extra densius aculeata. Petala 6-8, clare coerulea
nonnunquam purpureo suffusa vel raro pallide purpurea, oblonga, obtusa,
2 • 25-2 ■ 5 cm. longa, 1 ' 75-2 cm. lata. Stamina indefinita, pluri-seriata ;
filamenta glabra, discreta, intense coeruleae ; antherae oblongae, albidae.
Ovarium e carpellis 4 compositum, ovoideum, 5-6 mm. longum; stylus
glaber, 4 mm. longus ; stigma pallide viride. Capsula oblonga, 1"25 cm.
longa, in toro explanato parum incrassato insidens. — M. sinuata, var.
Prattii, Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. vol. lxiv. pars 2, p. 314. M. rudis,
Prain in Ann. Bot. vol. xx. p. 347 partim et quoad spp. Szechuan. tantum ;
Farrer in Gard. Chron. 1914, vol. lvi. p. 318. M. Wardii, Hort. ;
Ward, Land of the Blue Poppy, pp. 138, 139 ; Farrer in Gard. Chron. 1915,
vol. lvii. p. 110 [nomen]. M. racemosa, Fedde in Pflanzenr. IV. 104,
p. 258, saltern in parte : vix Maxim. — D. Prain.
With
the
g
Meconopsi?, the Aculeatae form a
compact group of six species differing from the
being armed with pungent prickles. Three of the
have already been figured
this work : M. aculeata
Royle, at t. 5456 ; M. latifolia, Prain, at first treated
variety of M. sinuata. Prain, but now known
be
a
distinct species, at t. 8223; and M. rudis, Prain, at
t. 8568. The species now figured as M. Prattii was
originally included
i
V.
but the accession of
fuller material having shown that this position for the
plant was unsatisfactory, it was transferred to M. rudis to
hich it is more nearlv allied
July, 191",.
This position in turn h
been found untenable ; the species now figured differs
from M. rudis in its more herbaceous foliage, its shorter
flowering pedicels, its white in place of yellow stamens,
and its pale green in place of yellow stigma. Its native
country includes the Western Chinese provinces of
Szechuan and Kansu, where it occurs at elevations of
13-15,000 feet above sea-level. The introduction of
i)A Prattii to European horticulture has been due almost
equally to Mr. E. H. Wilson and Mr. F. K. Ward. The
material on which our figure is based has been provided
by a plant raised at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edin -
burgh, and grown under the name M. Wardii, from seed
collected by Mr. Ward, which was kindly communicated
for the purpose by Professor Bayley Balfour. The species
has proved hardy and thrives well under the conditions
suitable for M. aculeata, M. latifolia and M. rudis.
*
# Description.— Herb, monocarpic ; stem l|-3 ft. high,
simple, scapose, prickly. Leaves at the base rosulate, but
soon disappearing, those of the stem alternate, armed on
both sides with simple pale prickles, lanceolate, margin
almost entire, apex acute, narrowed below into a rather
wide petiole, pale green above, still paler beneath ; leaf-
blade 3-5£ in. long, f-1 in. wide ; lower petioles 1|-2A
in. long, gradually decreasing upwards. Flowers arranged
in long raceme-like cymes; pedicels usually -?,-£ in.,
rarely U— If in. long, prickly, usually bracteate '; bracts
like the leaves, but smaller and sessile. Sepals 2, ovate-
oblong, f in. long, rather densely prickly externallv.
Petals 6-8, bright blue, sometimes flushed with purple
and occasionally pale purple throughout, oblong, obtuse,
about 1 in. long, -|^§ i n . wide. Stamens numerous,
several-seriate; filaments glabrous, free, dark-blue;
anthers oblong, pale buff or white. Ovary made up
of 4 carpels, ovoid, J-| in. long ; style glabrous, J in.
long ; stigma pale green. Capsule oblong, k in. long,
resting on a flattened enlarged torus.
Fig. 1, sepal; 2 and 3, anthers ; 4, pistil:— all enlarged.
8620
ttS.deU.KFitdiJith
Vinc^«,Broo"ks / Day«5cSoji Lt? imp
LReeve -3c C° London
Tab. 8620.
RHODODENDRON conciknum.
Western China.
Ericaceae. Tribe Rhodobbak.
Euododendron, Linn.; Benth. ctHook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599
Rhododendron concinnum, Hcmsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi n 21
%f S S ; £T a ' - l ?' H ' Wi ^ on in Kew BldL 1910 > P- 115 ; BaJer et
F. H. Wilson xn Sargent, Plant. Wilson, pars 3, p. 522; species foliia
conspicue mucronatis subtus densissime lepidotis, calycis lobis polymornhis
distincta. c J L
Fndex; ramuli annotini sicco brunnei, nitidi, glabri, hornotini palli<li, B ]an,lu]is
subglobosis parce induti. Folia late lanceolate vel elliptico-lanceolata
basi obtusa vel rotundata, apice conspicue et abrupte mucronata, 3-8 cm
longa, 1-5-3 cm. lata, coriacea, supra glandulis subsparsis nigrescentibus
mduta, conspicue verrucosa, infra gbmdulis fulvidis numerosissimis et
nigrescentibus paucis densissime induta ; costa straminea, supra minute
puberula, mfra elevata, glandulis exceptis glabra, basi circiter 1-25 mm
lata, ad laminae apicem valde attenuata; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter
12, supra lati et distincti, intra marginem conjuncti, a costa sub amuilo
45 abeuntes, infra vix evidentes ; petioli 0-5-1 cm. longi, glandu?osi
i lores termmales, subumbellati, umbellis plerumque 5-floris- perulae
sicco brunneae, ovatae vel oblongo-ovatae, subapiculatae, 3-8 min. ]on« ae ,
3-4 mm. latae, ciliolatae, extra parce glanduloso-lepidotae ; pedicelli T5-
2 cm. longi, subgraciles, glandulis sessilibus semi-induti. Calu.r brevissimus
plerumque undulatus, lepidotus. Corolla carminea, late infundibuliformis \
tubus 1 -5 cm. longus, extra parce lepidotus, intra minute puberulus ; lobi 5
ovati vel oblongo-ovati, apice rotundati, usque ad 2 cm. longi et 1-5 cm!
lati, glabri. Stamina 10, exserta, inaequalia; filamenta ad 2"5 cm. lon<mj
in parte breve inferiore ima basi excepta villosula; antherae ochraceae,
2 mm. longae. Ovarium 5-loculare, oblongum, 4 mm. longum, densissime
lepidotum, apice et basi brevissime pubescens ; stylus longe exsertus,
stamina superans, curvatus, 2 -5-3 cm. longus, purpureus, glaber, stigmate
capitato atropurpureo coronatus. Fmctits cylindricus, 1*5 cm. longus,
0-5 cm. crassus, lepidotus, stylo persistente coronatus.— R. yantliinum,
Bur. et Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. v. p. 94 (1891) ; Eehder et E. H.
Wilson in Sargent, Plant. Wilson, pars 3, p. 518, partim. R. Bmthami-
anurn, Henisl. in Kew Bull. 1907, p. 319, non in Gard. Chron. 1910,
vol. xlvii. p. 4. R. coombense, Hemsl. in Bot. Mag. t. 8280 (1909).
J. Hutchinson.
Among the many novelties from China which have
enriched European gardens during the past decade none
have been more striking than the members of the genus
Rhododendron. The illustrations of such of these as
have been described in this work afford but an imperfect
idea of their variety and beauty. As experience of the
•July. I'M 5.
Chinese forms under cultivation increases, however,
questions of relationship and status have arisen in con-
nection with some of them; and certain plants which
when first communicated appeared from the descriptive
standpoint to be easy of discrimination have been found
in our living collections to display characteristics which
tend to cast doubt on earlier conclusions. The species
which forms the subject of our plate is one that gives
rise to such an inquiry. It is one of a series of forms,
undoubtedly very closely allied, which certainly con-
stitute a natural group, fairly readily distinguishable
from each other by differences in the size and colour of
the flower and by some amount of variation in the
development of the calyx, but which, nevertheless, in
the opinion of Mr. Hutchinson, who has bestowed on
them much critical study, may all be very well referred
to a single species. So far as regards the calyx, which
m many groups of species in the genus affords a constant
and distinctive feature, we find in the group under con-
sideration that it may be almost obsolete, as in the case
of the original specimens, collected on Mount Omei in
bzechuan by the Rev. Mr. Faber, on which R. concinnwn
was based, and as is again the case in the plant now
figured ; or it may be well developed with oblong-lanceo-
late cihate lobes as in the plant described by Professor
Bureau and Mr. Franchet as R. yantkinum. Yet except
as regards their calyces there is no very tangible feature
wherein R. concinnum and R. yantkinum differ, and
having regard to the fact that in the extensive series of
specimens, both wild and cultivated, which Mr. Hutchin-
son has examined, there is a complete gradation between
these two extremes, the question as to their possible
identity calls for consideration. The fact that sometimes
in the same truss may be found a calyx in which all or
some of the lobes are well developed, and others in which
all the lobes are much reduced or practically obsolete is
strongly corroborative of Mr. Hutchinson's view. Among
cultivated examples it is found that there is a con-
siderable variation n the size of the corolla in plants of
different age or under different treatment, and the same
feature in wild specimens may be due also to difference
ot age or to a dissimilar habitat. Variation in thn nnlnur
of the corolla is equally manifest and appears equally
explicable. Certain minor differences, such as the presence
or absence of a few hairs either on the basal portion of
the style or on the apex of the ovary, are found to be as
inconstant as the degree of development of the calyx-
lobes, and to be uncorrelated with the variation in size
and colour of the corolla, and Mr. Hutchinson has felt
constrained on this account to include in E. continuum,
in addition to E. yanthinum, not only the form described
by Mr. Hemsley in 1907 as E. Benthamianum, but the
still more distinct-looking E. coombmse, figured at t. 8280
of this work. It is to be noted that the form described
as E. Benthamianum which is here referred to is not the
plant so described in 1910. The latter differs from all
the forms now included under E. continuum in having a
conspicuously spotted corolla and a more prominent
areolation of the upper surface of the leaf. It has also
to be remarked that while B. coombense is not distinguish-
able from E. concinnum here figured by any valid morpho-
logical feature, in its typical condition these two forms will
probably always be treated as culturally distinct. In
any case they constitute the extreme conditions of what
is an exceedingly variable group of forms, and whatever
their relative status may be, the one now figured is the
most richly coloured and the most worthy of cultivation
in that group. The plant from which our figure has
been prepared was presented to Kew in 1908 by Messrs.
J. Veitch and Sons, and was raised by them at Coombe
Wood from seed obtained on their behalf by Mr. E. H.
Wilson during one of his earlier Chinese journeys. Like
all the forms included within it by Mr. Hutchinson,
that now figured was collected in the neighbourhood
of Ta-tsien-lu, in Western Szechuan. It is perfectly
hardy and succeeds well in a light loamy or peaty soil.
Description.— Shrub with shining glabrous shoots,
the youngest drying brown, the older pale, sparingly
clothed with subglobose glands. Leaves wide-lanceolate
or elliptic-lanceolate, base obtuse or rounded, tip con-
spicuously abruptly mucronate, 1J-3 in. long, f-I^ in.
wide, coriaceous, somewhat sparingly beset with blackish
glands, and markedly verrucose above, beneath densely
»
clothed with numerous tawny glands with a few blackish
glands intermixed ; midrib straw-coloured, finely pube-
rulous above, raised beneath and glandular, but without
hairs, gradually tapering from base to apex; lateral
nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib which they
leave at an angle of 45°, broad and distinct above and
looping within the margin, very indistinct beneath;
petiole l-} { in. long, glandular. Flowers terminal, sub-
umbellate; truss usually 5-flowered ; bud-scales brown
when dry, ovate or oblong-ovate, slightly apiculate, B
in. long, \-\ in. wide, ciliolate, sparingly glandular
lepidote outside; pedicels f-f in. long, rather slender,
partially clothed with sessile glands. Calyx very short
or almost obsolete, usually undulate, lepidote. Corolla
carmine, wide funnel-shaped ; tube § in. long, sparingly
lepidote outside, finely puberulous within ; lobes 5, ovate
or oblong-ovate, rounded at the tip, } in. long, | in. wide,
glabrous. Stamens 10, exserted, unequal; filaments up
to 1 m. long, villous for a short space just above the
base ; anthers yellowish, T V in. long. Ovary 5-celled,
1 I
3
oblo„ &
_ vr m. long, densely lepidote, shortly pubescent ^
base and apex; style far exserted, longer than the
stamens, curved, 1-U in. long, purple, glabrous ; stigma
capitate, dark-purple. Fruit cylindric, » in. loner, f in.
wide, lepidote, tipped by the persistent 'sty 1
^^^^^^^^^^ ™™
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
CONTENTS OF No. 128, AUGUST, 1915.
Tab. 8621.— ALPIXIA MUTICA.
„ 8622.— RHODODENDRON SOTTLIEI.
„ 8623.— COR YL17S MANDSCHTRICA
„ 8624.— SENECIO GLASTIFOLIUS.
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Tab. 8621.
ALPINIA mutica
Malaya.
Scitamineae. Tribe Zingiberaceae.
Alpinia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 648; K. Schum. in
Engl. Pflanzenr.—Zingib. p. 308.
Alpinia mutica, Boxb. in Asiat. Besearchcs, vol. xi. p. 354 ; Hort. Beng.
p. 2; Fl. Ind. ed. 1, vol. i. p. 65; Bosc. Monandr. PI. t. 69; Horan.
Monogr. Sett, p. 34 ; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 254 ;
K. Schum. in Engl. Pflanzenr.—Zingib. p. 327, non Hook. /., ncc K.
Schum. ; species A. calcaratae, Bosc, affinis, labello trilobato ecalcarato
dinert.
Herba perennis. Caules 2 m. alti. Folia lineari-lanceolata, acuminata, 30-60 dm.
longa, 2*5-6 cm. lata, marginibus ciliatis exceptis glabra; petiolus 2 cm.
longus, supra canaliculars ; ligula brevis, erosa ; vagina usque ad 22 cm.
longa. Panicula terminalis, erecta ; rhachis pilosa ; bracteae oblongae,
caducae. Calyx albus apice roseo-tincto, spathaceus, breviter 3-lobus,
pubescens, 2 cm. longus ; tubus viridia, subglobosus, pilosus. Petala alb&,
late oblanceolata, obtusa, 3' 5 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata. Staminodia lateralis
brevissima, apice crenulata. Labcllum obtuse S-lobum, 4 cm. longum,
3 cm. latum, concavum, basi pulvinis duobus pubescentibus instructum,
flavum, lobus terminalis rubro-venosus, lobi laterales rubro-punctati.
Antlierae loculi oblongi ; connectivum haud productum. Stylus parte
superiore curvatus, apice discoideo ciliatoque .— Benealmia mutica, Salisb.
in Trans. Hort. Soc. vol. i. p. 280.— C. H. Wright.
The Alpinia here figured was first described as A. mutica
in 1810 by Roxburgh, who had obtained it from Penang,
then known as Prince of Wales 5 Island, and cultivated it
in the Hon. East India Company's Botanic Garden at
Calcutta, where it flowered during the greater part of
the year, though most profusely during the hot weather.
Its introduction to European cultivation must have been
almost simultaneous with its advent to India, for in 1812
Salisbury mentioned it as having then "flowered for
three years successively in the stove of the Comtesse
de Vandes at Bayswater." In 1828 Roscoe referred to
it as flowering regularly in August in the Liverpool
Botanic Garden. At a later date it became rare in
British collections, and seems eventually to have dis-
appeared from cultivation, though the name survived
and became erroneously associated with more than one
August, 1915.
of the congeners of our species. The one to which the
name is at present more usually misapplied is that
described as A. mutica at t. 6908 of this work, which,
however, differs from the true A. mutica here depicted in
having much stouter flower-buds, and in possessing a
labellum which is not distinctly 3-lobed. For the detec-
tion of the error which has crept into horticultural lists,
and for the successful reintroduction of the true plant we
are indebted to Mr. H. N. Eidley, by whom, while he
was still Director of the Botanic Garden at Singapore,
the plant from which our figure has been prepared was
transmitted to Kew. Grown in a tropical house under
the conditions most suitable for species of Hedyckium
and for other species of Alpinia, such as A. nutans which
was figured at t. 1903 of this work, it has thriven well,
flowering for the first time in July, 1914, along with the
species which in English collections has for a quarter of
a century usurped its name, and enabling the difference
between the two plants to be objectively appreciated.
What the spurious A. mutica figured in our pages in 1889
may be is still a matter of some debate. Mr. Ridley
has regarded it as identical with A. assimilis, Ridl., a
species described by him in 1899, but the late Dr.
Schumann has treated it as a form of A. malaccmsis,
Roscoe, a figure of which is to be found in the Botanical
Register at t. 328. It may be incidentally mentioned
that at one time Dr. Schumann himself applied the name
A. mutica to yet another species from Borneo, which he
subsequently recognised as specifically distinct under the
name A. Korthalsii, K. Schum. The nearest affinity of
the true A mutica, Roxb., is, as Mr. Wright has indicated,
with ,1. calcarata, Roscoe. The two species are, however,
very readily distinguished by their differently shaped
Jabellum which in A. mutica has two basal hirsute glands
instead of the spurs met with in that of A. calcarata.
Description.-//^, perennial, stems 6-8 ft. hidi.
leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 1-2 ft, lon<r 1-2
Hn.
wide, g i ab f Qr the ciJiate ^ *
rSin'a Q nnelled i abo u ve ; , Hgule ^ort, erose ; sheath
nit \ ^ m K? ngth * F, " ude terminal > erect ; rachis
pilose; bracts oblong, caducous. Cahjx white with a
pink tip, spathaceous. shortly 3-lobed, pubescent
g ; tube green, subglobose^ hairy. Petals white
ide-oblanceolate. obtuse
2
in.
3-lobed, over
4
short
in. long,
11
^ in. wide.
Lip bluntly
in. across, concave, with
basal hirsute glands, yellow with the terminal lobe
marked with bright red lines, and the lateral dotted with
oblon
connective not
small red spots. Anther-lobes
produced. Style incurved towards the top, with a discoid
ciliate stigma.
Fig. 1, petiole and ligule with base of leaf-blade and apex of leaf-sheath ;
2, portion of edge of leaf, showing the ciliate margin; 3, bracts and buds;
4, calyx, laid open, showing staminodes and pistil; 5, anther; 6, stigma: —
all enlarged except 4, which is of natural size.
86Z2
,.*■
/
m
\
v
■
M feu tchti
-
"tfnfr Brooks J. &San
Tab. 8C22.
RHODODENDRON Souliei
Western China.
Ericaceae. Tribe Ehodoreae.
Rhododendron, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599
Rhododendron Souliei, F ranch, in Journ. cle Bot. vol. ix. p. 393 (1895) ;
Wih
Xew £««. 1910, p. 108 ; DtWs tn itfotea Bo/. GW. JlVmfi. vol. v. p. 217
(I9ll) ; BeJulcr et E. H. Wils. in Sargent, Plant. Wilson, vol. i. p. 537
(1913) ; species foliis eglandulosis glabris basi rotundatis vel truncatis,
calycis lobis oblongo-ellipticis obtusis glanduloso-ciliatis, corollis late et
aperte campanulato-patelliformibus facile distinguenda.
Frutex; rami robusti, glabri ; ramuli juniores teretes, purpureo-carminei,
glandulis stipitatis rubris instructs Folia sparsa, longe petiolata, oblonga
vel oblongo-elliptica, utrinque rotundata vel basi truncata, apice conspicue
mucronata, 4-7 cm. longa, 2-4 cm. lata, integra, coriacea, supra atro-
viridia, infra pallide viridia vel nonnunquam glauca, tenuiter reticulata,
glabra, eglandulosa ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 5-8, supra immersi, mfra
distinct!, copiose ramosi ; petiolus 2-2-5 cm. longus, circiter 3 mm. crassus,
basin versus purpurascens, glaber. Flores terminales, circiter 8-nati, laxe
dispositi, alabastro roseo-rubri, demum roseo-albi. P^*"«f hnearl-
filiformes, circiter 7 mm. longae, glanduloso-puberulae ; pedicelli 4-5 em.
longi, 2-5 mm. crassi, teretes, purpurei et virides, parce et minute
glandulosi. Calycis lobi 5, inaequales, uno anteriore late ovato 4-5 mm.
longo et lato, ceteris oblongo-ellipticis apice rotundatis vel truncatis
3-5 mm. longis 2-3 mm. latis extra rubro-glandulosis margine glanduloso-
ciliatis. Corolla eampanulato-patelliformis, 5-6-loba ; tubus 2 cm. ongus,
striatus, utrinque glaber ; lobi rotundati, emarginati, 2 cm. lati. Stamina
. plerumque ll, exserta ; filamenta glabra vel brevissime puberula ; antherae
brunneae, 2"5 mm. longae. Discus lobatus, viridis, glaber. Ovarium
5-7-loculare, oblongo-ovoideum, 5 mm. longum, basi 4 mm dmmetro,
glandulis stipitatis rubris pulcherrimis indutum ; loculi in locellos 2 placentis
divisi ; stylus staminibus paulum longior, crassus, glandulis rubris breviter
stipitatis instructus.— J. Hutchinson.
The beautiful Rhododendron now figured is a native of
the neighbourhood of Ta-ehien-lu in Western Szechuan,
where it occurs rather abundantly in upland thickets and
woods at about 12,000 feet above sea-level. The plant
from which the material for our plate has been derived
was raised from seed collected in 1908 by Mr. E. H.
Wilson when travelling in China on behalf of Professor
Sargent, Arnold Arborstum, by whom a supply was
presented to Kew in 1909. There was, however, a
previous introduction of this species, also by means ol
seed obtained by Mr. Wilson, but on behalf of Messrs. J.
Veitch and Sons. The species has reached the stage ot
August, 1915.
flowering after an unusually brief period, for some of the
plants raised in 1909 produced blossoms in 1913. Cer-
tainly one of the most distinct of the new Chinese
Rhododendrons, B. Souliei falls within that group of the
section Eurhododendron in which the leaves are glabrous
and have no glands. Within this group it may be at once
recognised by its long-petioled wide-based, leaves, its
well-defined calyx-lobes edged with red glands, and its
flat saucer-shaped flowers. At Kew it has thriven well
in a semi-shaded position and is of low, bushy habit.
Description. — Shrub; branches stout, glabrous; young
twigs terete, purplish-pink, beset with red-stalked glands.
Leaves scattered, long-petioled, oblong or oblong-elliptic,
rounded and mucronate, base rounded or cordate,
in. long, §-l£ in. wide, entire, coriaceous, dark
green above, pale green or sometimes glaucous beneath,
finely reticulate, glabrous, glandular ; lateral nerves 5-8
along each side of the midrib, sunk above, visible
beneath, much branched; petiole f-1 in. long, about
I in. thick, purplish near the base, glabrous. Flowers in
terminal, loose clusters, each about 8-flowered; rosy-red in
bud, white with a rosy flush when fully open. Bud-scales
narrow-linear, over £ in. long, glandular-puberulous ;
pedicels l|-2 in. long, T \ in. thick, terete, purple and
green, sparingly finely glandular. Calyx 5-lobed ; lobes
the anterior wide-ovate, i-4 in. Ions and broad.
2
6 y *"• A ^"g
the others oblong-elliptic, with rounded or truncate tip_ 7
\-i m. long, T ^-| in. wide, red-glandular outside, and
with a glandular-ciliate margin. Corolla flat-campanu
late, 5-6-lobed ; tube | in. long, striate, glabrous on both
sides ; lobes rounded, emarginate, f in. across. Stamens
usually 11, exserted; filaments glabrous or very finely
puberulous ; anthers brown, T V in. long. Disk lobate
green, glabrous. Ovary 5-7-celled, oblong-ovoid, \ in.
long, \ m. wide at the base, clothed with bright-red
stalked glands ; each cell divided by the placentas into
two chambers; style rather longer than the stamens,
stout, beset with short-stalked red glands.
B n™ '• V f\ ° f lGaf showi °g venation ; 2, calyx and pistil ; 3 and 4, stamens ;
o, en ary , 6, transverse section of the same :— all enlarged.
8623
M.S.deUXfttchiith
YmcentBTOoksPay Sanrfiqp
I Reeve & C<? Ion
Tab. 8623.
CORYLUS MANDSHURICA.
Eastern Asia
Cupuliferae. Tribe Coryleae.
Corylus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 406.
Corylus mandshurica, Maxim, in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. vol. xv.
(1856), p. 137 ; Buprecht, Dec. Plant. Amur. t. 10 ; Herder in Act. Hort.
Petrop. vol. xi. p. 363 ; Burkill in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 505 ;
Komorov in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. xxii. p. 63 (C. m^nshurica) ;
C. K. Schneider, Handb. der Laubholzk. vol. i. p. 150, fig. 83 1-m et
fig. 87 d-f (C. mandschurica) ; Nakai in Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, vol. xxxi.
p. 206; Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. i. p. 402; species C. rostratae, Ait.,
valde affinis, sed novellis majus pilosis, foliis latioribus subtus majus pilosis
foliis latioribus subtus majus pilosis supra mediam saepe inciso-lobatis,
petiolis saepius longioribus differt.
Frutex usque ad 4' 5 m. altus ramulis junioribus puberulis vel sparsim pilosis
vel hirsutis demum glabrescentibus. Folia suborbicularia, elliptica vel
ovata, 6-15 cm. longa, saepius 8-10 cm. lata, irregulariter duplicato-serrata,
apice acuminata vel subtruneata, supra mediam saepe plus minusve
profunde inciso-lobata, basi leviter cordata, utrinque parce vel subtus
praecipue ad nervos sat dense molliter pubescentia; petiolus 1-3 cm.
(saepius 1*5 cm.) longus. Stipulae ellipticae vel ovatae, acutae vel
acuminatae, 7-8 mm. longae, 3-5 mm. latae, integerrimae vel interdum
paucidentatae. Amenta mascula solitaria, bini vel terni ; squamae
deltoideae, cuspidatae, hirsutae. Fructus 2-6 aggregati, saepe rudimentis
fructuum immixti. Involucrum nucem arete involvens, superne in tubum
productum, parte inferiore praecipue pilis setoso-hispidis flavo-brunneis
dense vestitum ; tubus 2 ' 5-3 ■ 5 cm. longus, cylindricus vel basi paulum
ampliatus, leviter pluri-striatus, apice obliquus, plus minusve laciniatus.
Nux (immatura) depresso-subglobosa, circiter 1 cm. longa et 12 cm. lata,
breviter mucronata, minute puberula. — C. rostrata, Ait., var. mandshu-
rica, Kegel in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. vol. xv. p. 221 et Fl.
Ussur. p. 141 ; DC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pars 2, p. 133; Hance in Journ. Linn.
Soc. vol. xiii. p. 87 ; Maxim, in Mel. Biol. vol. xi. p. 319 ; Palibin in Act.
Hort. Petrop. vol. xiv. p. 139 ; Winkler in Engl. Pflanzenr. — Betulaceae,
p. 52.— S. A. Skan.
The Manchurian Hazel belongs to a group in which
the involucre is prolonged beyond the nut into a tube
sometimes measuring 1 J in. long, and is covered, particu-
larly in the lower part, with yellowish bristly hairs. Its
affinities with the Eastern North American C. rostrata,
Ait., are so evident that it is not always easy to distin-
guish it. In C. mandshurica, however, the leaves are
usually broader and are often more or less deeply lobed
August, 1915.
in the upper part, though in the specimens from the
Kew plant the lobing is not pronounced ; the young
shoots are generally furnished with a more abundant
soft pubescence, and the petioles as a rule are longer.
C. rostrata, var. calif ornica, A.DC. (C. calif arnica, Rose),
closely resembles C. mandshurica in its leaves which are,
however, less markedly lobed ; moreover, it has glandular-
hispid young shoots, a shorter involucre and a thicker
nut-shell. C. mandshurica, var. Fargesii, Burkill, from
Szechuan, differs from the type in having narrowly ovate
leaves apparently not cordate at the base. C. Siehol-
diana, Blume (C. rostrata, var. Sieboldiana, Maxim.), a
Japanese plant, has a much shorter tube to the involucre
and differs also in leaf characters.
C. mandshurica is common in mountainous districts in
Eastern Manchuria, and forms dense thickets in shady
and dry woods. It was first, collected bv Maximowicz
near to the Amur River in 1855. It is' also recorded
trom Corea, from the provinces of Shingking and Chihli
in Northern China, and from Yesso and Nippon in
Japan. Its introduction to Kew dates from 1882 when
nuts were received from the late Dr. E. Bretschneider ;
ten years later the plant was received from Prof. Sargent
ot the Arnold Arboretum, and again in 1906. The
material for the figure was furnished by one of the plants
raised at Kew from the seed received from Dr. Bret-
schneider. It is a bush about five feet high and is
7nl?* y r V ?}? dy ' Thou ^ [t has occasionally pro-
ouHmit? f-nlf ^ ar its re ™rkable fruits in great
tTe ^ l! l ?l£ That year ' owin S< ifc is a ™d, to
orS * ° f the /r mer0f 1911 ' and the consequent
It tS " P i mng ° f ^ e W00d > {t bore an abundant crop.
It thrives in loamy soil and can be increased by layers
the° wmT^ 57 "'"*' attainin S a hei S ht of 16 "• *»
hajrv tlI^V y ° Ung twi § 3 P«berulcms or sparingly
eSo nl f t b< — 8 g ,abTOUS - U*m suborbicular,
f"?„ ?„„?' T*S 2 H in - ]o »g. "suallv 3-4 in. wide
gularly double
apex acuminate to almost
he 1m! t m ° r , e 7 ess dfle P J y incised-lobed beyond
abLrii',- Se Sh ? htl y cordate > sparingly pubescent
aboye, sometimes rather densely softly pubescent, especi-
ally on the nerves, beneath ; petiole ^-1 £ in., but usually
about | in. long; stipules elliptic or ovate, acute or
acuminate, under ^- in. long, about -} in. wide, entire or
occasionally with a few teeth. Male catkins solitary or
in twos or threes ; scales deltoid, cuspidate, hirsute.
Fruits in clusters of 2-6, often accompanied by abortive
ones. Involucre closely enveloping the nut, produced
upwards in a tube, densely clothed, especially in the
lower half, with setose-hispid yellowish-brown hairs ; tube
in. long, cylindric or somewhat widened at the
i
5
1-1
base, slightly m any-striate ; mouth oblique, more or less
laciniate. Nut (hardly mature) depressed-globose, about
I in. long and £ in. wide, shortly mucronate, very finely
puberulous.
Fig. 1, part of male catkin; % male flower; 3, female flower; 4, section of
the base of the involucre, showing nut : — all enlarged.
8624
M.S. del • p lL
7b\«mt Brocks I) ay <5c I ^^P
L."Reeve&C Lor.
otl.
Tab. 8624.
SENECIO GLASTIFOLIUS.
South Africa.
Compositae. Tribe Senecioxideae.
Senecio, Linn. ; Benth. pi Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 446
Senecio glastifolius, Linn. f. Suppl. 372 (1781) ; Thunb. Fl. Cap. cd. Schult.
p. 681 ; DC. Prodr. vol, vi. p. 408 ; Harv. in Haw. et Sond. Fl. Cap.
vol. iii. p. 390 ; Gard. Chron. 1910, vol. xlviii. p. 43 cum icon. ; affinis
S. multibracteato, Harv., sed foliis non scabridis pedunculis parce bracteo-
latis differt.
Herba gracilis, alta ; caulis superne ramosus, sulcatus, viridis, glaber. Folia
linearia, apice subacuta, basi leviter decurrentia, usque ad 8 cm. longa,
0*5-1 cm. lata, remote denticulata, tenuiter chartacea, glabra vel subtus
minutissime puberula, utrinque viridia. Capitnla pauca, laxe corymbosa,
5 • 5-6 cm. diametro ; pedunculi graciles, parce bracteati, usque ad 10 cm.
longi. Involucrum campanulatum, circiter 1 cm. longum; bracteae
subtriseriatae, exterioribus ceteris circiter dimidio brevioribus, lineares,
apice nigrae, subacutae, glabrae, marginibus anguste membranaceis.
Flores radii plerumque 13, roseo-lilacini ; corollae tubus gracilis, 5 mm f
longus, glaber, lamina lineari-oblonga, apice tridentata, 2-2*5 cm. longa,
5-7 mm. lata, nervosa. Flores disci lutescentes ; corollae tubus superne
leviter ampliatus, 7 mm. longus, glaber ; antherae leviter exsertae ;
achaenia oblonga, 1 • 5 mm. longa, minutissime puberula ; pappi setae
sericeae, corollis aequales, albae. — J. Hutchinson.
. The Senecio which forms the subject of our illustration
is a native of South Africa, where it is known to occur
throughout the coast region from the district of Rivers-
dale as far as Algoa Bay. There are one or two earlier
but doubtful records which connect the species with the
Table Mountain region, but there is no definite proof of
its presence there now. The late Dr. Harvey included
S. glastifolius in the group of species of a shrubby or
almost shrubby character which he designated the
Eigidi. At the same time there is no doubt that it is
extremely closely allied to another species from the same
general region, S. multibracteatus, Harv., which has been
referred by its author to the group Annul recognised by
him. From S. glastifolius it is very easy to distinguish
S. multibracteatus owing to the scabrid leaves and more
August, 1915.
copiously bracteate peduncles of the latter
Herbarium material of S. glastifolius shows that there
considerable variation in the shape, texture and toothing
of the leaves. These changes of appearance, which may
be due to the conditions under which the plants have
grown, leave the flower-heads remarkably uniform and
unmistakable on account of the numerous exterior supple-
mentary bracts. From a remark in the note which
accompanies a full-page illustration of the species in the
Gardeners' Chronicle for 1910, it would appear that
S. glastifolius was raised by Messrs. Sutton and Sons
from seeds received by them from the district of George,
immediately to the east of Riversdale. The plant from
which the figure here given has been prepared was pre-
sented to Kew in 1913 by Mr. H. Rabjohn, Twickel,
Delden, Holland, and flowered in a greenhouse in April,
1914. It is a perennial, is easily propagated by cuttings
and grows into an elegant upright plant, about four feet
in height, flowering during April and May. It does well
if given conservatory treatment and grown along with
greenhouse Cinerarias, but it may be noted that Mr.
Rabjohn, in the Gardeners' Chronicle, writing from
Welbeck Abbey, Worksop, in 1910, has described it as
being vigorous in an open border, resisting successfully
ten degrees of frost, though succumbing when the
thermometer fell to 15°.
DESCRiPTioN.-^r^, perennial, slender, erect, 4 ft.
high ; stem branching upwards, sulcate, green, glabrous.
Leave* linear, subacute, slightly decurrent at the base,
up to 6 in, long, I-] in. wide, distantly toothed, thinly
papery, glabrous on both sides or faintly puberulous
beneath, green. Flower-heads few, loosely corymbose,
4t-4 in- across; peduncles slender, sparingly bracteate,
up to 4 in Jong. Involucre campanulate, over I in. long,
bracts subtriseriate, the outer about one half the length
of the others, linear, dark-tipped, subacute, glabrous with
narrow membranous margins. Ray-floret\ T usually 13,
rose-lilac ; coro la-tube slender, J in. long, glabrous ;
igule linear-oblong, 3-toothed at the tip, 4-1 in.
long, about I m. wide, distinctly nerved. Disk-florets
yellowish ; corolla-tube slightly widened upwards, over
I in. long, glabrous ; anthers slightly exserted ; achenes
oblong, over J in. long, finely puberulous ; pappus-setae
silky, as long as the corolla, white.
Fig. 1, portion of a leaf ; 2, bract of the involucre ; 3, ray -floret ; 4, disk-floret ;
5, the same, further magnified ; 6, setae of the pappus ; 7, anthers ; 8, style-
arms : — all enlarged.
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POPULUS LASIOCARPA
China.
Salic ace ae.
Populus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 412
Pop,ulus lasiocarpa, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Plant, t. 1943 ; Burkill in Journ.
Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 536; J. H. Veitch in Journ. B. Hort. Soc.
vol. xxviii. p. 65, fig. 27 ; C. K. Schneider, Handb. d. Laubhohk. vol. i.
p. 17; Lode in Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Autun, vol. xviii. p. 66; Gambocz in
Math. Termes Kozl. vol. xxx. p. 120; Mottet in Bev. Hort. 1911, p. 565,
fig. 219 ; Henry in Elwes & Henry, Trees of Gt. Brit, d Irel. vol. vii.
p. 1846, t. 408, fig. 9; Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 215; species
P. glaucae, Haines, valde affinis, sed foliis basi profunde cordatis, capsulis
ovoideis facile distinguenda.
Arbor 12-18 m. alta, ramulis junioribus angulatis crassis plus minusve
t pubescentibus ; gemmae magnae, viscidae. Folia ovata, acuta vel
breviter acuminata, regulariter glanduloso-crenato-serrata, basi profunde
cordata sinu angusto, 15-25 cm. longa, 10-20 cm. lata, rubro-nervosa,
supra basin biglandulosa, primo utrinque plus minusve tomentosa, deinde
Bupra glabrata, subtus praesertim ad nervos primarios tomentosa ; petiolus
teretiusculus, 5-10 cm. longus, cito glabratus, ruber; stipulae oblongo-
lanceolatae, caducae. Amenta 10-15 cm. fructifera usque ad 20 cm.
longa, saltern in specimine culto floribus breviter pedicel(atis polygamis
praedita; rhachis crassiuscula, tomentosa, parce pilosa vel glabrata;
bracteae scariosae, ovatae vel obovatae, basin versus angustatae, superne
tenuiter laciniatae, 10-12 mm. longae. Liscus florum subpatelliformis,
5-7 mm. diametro, breviter et inaequaliter 6-10-lobatus, saepe glaberrimus.
Stamina in floribus masculis ad 23 vel plura, in floribus bisexualibus
pauciora, interdum tantum 3-6; antherae oblongae, 2*5 mm. longae,
apiculatae. Ovarium ovoideo-globosum, lanuginosum, disco longior.
Styli rami 2-4, apice late plurilobati. Capsula ovoidea, dense lanuginosa,
8-12 mm. longa, 2-4-valvata. — P. Fargcsii, Franch. in Bull. Mus. Hist.
Nat. Paris, vol. ii. p. 280.— S. A. Skan.
This remarkable Poplar is one of the many plants first
collected in China by Mr. A. Henry, who found it in the
districts of Chienshih and Patung, Hupeh, in 1888, and
noted that it was common on the mountains at 4000 to
6000 feet. It was afterwards collected at Tchenkeoutin in
Szechuan by Farges, and in 1900 it was introduced into
cultivation by Messrs. Veitch and Sons through Mr. E. H.
Wilson, who being unable to introduce the tree by
of seeds, sent home a living plant. It is from this
individual, which grew in the Coombe Wood nursery
September, 1915.
until the sale of the collections there, that the specimens
in collections in this country have been propagated. As
regards size of leaf Populus lasiocarpa is undoubtedly the
finest of all the poplars of which we have knowledge.
Even a double plate of this work is insufficient to show
the dimensions of its leaves in full; the blade not
infrequently measures fourteen inches in length by nine
inches in width and, whatever the measurement, is
conspicuous for the rich red of the midrib and chief
veins and petiole. In vegetative characters our tree
resembles P. heterophylla, Linn., of the Eastern and
South-eastern United States ; its catkins, however, are
very different, and its closest ally is doubtless P. glauca,
Haines, from Tonglo in Sikkim ; like this latter species
it has polygamous flowers. The few flowering catkins
seen were obtained from a cultivated plant, and may not
be characteristic of the species. It should be mentioned,
however, that P. glauca, so far as Mr. Haines has observed,
produces in the wild state female or more frequently only
hermaphrodite flowers; he found no male tree. The
male catkins accompanying Henry's specimens were
picked up from the ground beneath a leafless tree in
South Patung, and Prof. Oliver cautiously dealt with
them as possibly not belonging to P. lasiocarpa. The
flowers have much longer pedicels than those of the
cultivated plant, and the disk is distinctly oblique. The
anthers agree. Populus lasiocarpa flowered in 1914 in
the gardens of Mr. F. C. Stern, Highdown, Goring-by-
bea , Sussex, and of Sir Harry Veitch, East Burnham
Park, Slough, and the figure was prepared from material
received from the former supplemented by catkins of more
mature fruits from Sir Harry Veitch. The species thrives
W i? j° n deep loam ' and ' like most poplars, enjoys
abundant moisture at the root. Hitherto it has been
propagated by grafting on stocks of the Black Poplar
group but it will eventually, no doubt, be found to
succeed better on its nxvn rnnto
Description.— Tree, 40-60 ft. high; young shoots
angular, stout, more or less pubescent ; buds large,
viscid. Leaves ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, regu-
larly glandular-crenate-serrate, base deep cordate with
contracted sinus, 6-10 in. long, 4-8 in. across, red-veined,
biglandular above the base, at first more or less tomentose
on both surfaces, at length becoming glabrous above,
but remaining tomentose beneath, especially along the
principal nerves ; petiole subcylindric, 2-4 in. long, soon
becoming glabrous, red ; stipules oblong-lanceolate,
caducous. Catkins 4-6 in., in fruit up to 8 in. long, in
our cultivated specimens bearing short-pedicelled poly-
gamous flowers ; rachis rather stout, tomentose, sparingly
pilose or becoming glabrous; bracts scarious, ovate or
obovate, narrowed towards the base, finely laciniate
upwards,
]_i
in. long. Disk of the florets somewhat
patelliform, about i in. across, shortly and unequally
6-10-lobed, usually quite glabrous. Stamens in the male
florets 23 or more, in the bisexual florets fewer and at
times only 3-6 ; anthers oblong,
i
in. long, apiculate.
Ovary ovoid-globose, woolly, longer than the disk. Style-
arms 2-4, broadly many-lobed at their tips.
ovoid, densely woolly,
3 2
in. long, 2-4-valved.
Capsule
Fig. 1, base of a leaf, showing the glands; 2, bract; 3, male flower; 4 and
5, stamens; 6, hermaphrodite and female flowers; 7, a female flower, laid
open : — all enlarged.
8626
M.S. del. J RtcKHK
^mscnt&oolra.Dey&.SoTi Lt4uup
L Reeve &C° London
Tab. 8626.
GLADIOLUS Melleri
Tropical Africa.
Iridaceae. Tribe Ixieae.
Gladiolus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 709.
Gladiolus Melleri, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 334; Rolfe in Oates,
Matabele Land, ed. 2, p. 409 ; Baker, Handb. Irid. p. 212, et in Dyer, Fl.
Trop. Afr. vol. vii. p. 362 ; Bendle in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. vol. iv.
p. 49 ; species G. Buchanani, Baker, affinis; foliis rigidioribus staminibusque
quam perianthii segmenta superiora distincte brevioribus differt.
Herba. Cormus depresso-globosus, 2 cm. diametro. Folia pauca, linearia,
acuta, rigida, valde costata, 30 cm. longa, 1'4 cm. lata, glabra. Scapns
65 cm. altus, gracilis, rigidus; flores inter se 3 cm. distantes; spathae
valvae oblongo-lanceolatae, acuminatae, rubro-tinctae, exterior 4 cm. longa,
7 mm. lata, interior 1*5 cm. longa. Perianthinm rubnim; tubus 2 cm.
longus, anguste infundibuliformis, leviter curvatus ; limbus obliquus, tubo
longior ; segmenta oblongo-cuneata, obtusa vel subacuta, superiora 4 cm.
longa, 1-2 cm. lata, inferiora 2' 5 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata. Stamina quam
perianthium dimidio breviora ; antherae oblongae, luteae. Stylus stamini-
bus lonrior, ramis papillosis, 7 mm. longis. Capsnla oblonga, obtusa,
2 cm. longa, 8 mm. diametro. Semina obovata, compress*
5 mm. lata, ala membranacea circumdata.— C. H. Wright.
mm
The Gladiolus here depicted was discovered by Mr. C.J.
Meller in 1861 on the Manganja Hills, Nyasaland, during
the Zambesi Expedition led by Dr. Livingstone. Since
then G. Melleri has been found to occupy a considerable
area in Eastern Tropical Africa, for it has been collected
at various localities in British Central Africa, in Portuguese
East Africa, in the Matabele country and in Mashonaland.
The plant which has formed the subject of our plate
flowered at Kew in October, 1913, the corm having been
received in June from Mr. A. Hislop who had obtained
it at Makoni Kop, Rusape, Rhodesia. The nearest ally
of G. Melleri is G. Buchanani, Baker, another Nyasa-
land species, in which, however, we find several well-
developed leaves about as long as and produced along
with the inflorescence, instead of only one rigid far
produced leaf with several much shorter sheathing leaves
as in our plant. Grown in a greenhouse with other
September, 1915.
species of Gladiolus, G. Melleri thrives well, and in fa
affords an interesting contrast with most of them.
Description. — Herb, erect, slender, rather stiff : corm
depressed-globose
Leaves few
rigid, strongly ribbed, about a foot long, over ^ in. wide,
glabrous. Scape about 2 ft. high, slender, stiff ; flowers
about 1| in. apart ; valves of the spathe oblong-lanceo-
acuminate, flushed with red, outer 1J in. long, over
wide, inner about | in. long. Perianth red
4
tube
in. long, narrow funnel-shaped, slightly curved ; limb
oblique, longer than the tube, segments oblong
obtuse or subacute, upper
1
in.
long
i
in. wide
1* in. long
J llL wide, lower
Stamens half the length of
the perianth ; anthers oblong, yellow. Style longer than
the stamens
Capsule oblong, obtuse, j
gmatic arms papillose
in.
obovate, compressed
membranous wing.
i
3
g
in.
■g.
i
5
1
in. wide
in. long.
Seeds
in. wide, with a
Figs. 1 and 2, anthers ; 3, style-arms :— all enlarged.
862
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Tab. 8627.
ORNITHOBOEA Lacei
Burma,
Gesneriaceab. Tribe Cyetandreae.
Ornithoboea, Parish ex C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Plum. vol. v. p. 147
Ornithoboea Lacei, Craib in Kew Bull. 1913, p. 115; ab affini 0. Parishii,
C. B. Clarke, foliorum nervis prominentibus floribua majoribus labii
inferioris lobis emarginatis distinguenda.
Herba, forsan biennis; caulis pars basalis annotina ad 11 cm. longa, 5-6 mm.
dikmetro, plus minusve quadrangularis, basibus petiolorum persisten-
tibus dense tecta, apicem versus praecipue densius pilosa ; pars horno-
tina florifera saepius circiter 30 cm. alta, undique glanduloso-pilosula.
Folia valde inaequilateralia, plerumque late ovata, apice acuminata,
acutiuscula vel obtusa, basi rotundata, latere uno altero usque ad 7 mm.
altius terminata, 3*5-11 cm. longa, 2 -5-8* 5 cm. lata, chartacea, pagina
utraque pilosula et inferiore pallidiore minute aureo-glandulosa, nervis
lateralibus utrinsecus ad 10 supra conspicuis subtus cum nervis transversis
prominentibus, crenato-serrata, petiolo usque ad 12 cm. longo glanduloso-
pilosulo suffulta. Cymae axillares, petiolis dimidio breviores; pedicelh
saepius 1*5 cm. longi, glanduloso-pilosuli. Sepala inter se subaequaha,
oblongo-lanceolata, apice acuminata, acuta, ad 7 mm. longa, 3' 5 mm.
lata, utrinque pilosula. Corollae tubus 7 mm. longus ; labium mfenus
tubo aequilongum, e lobis tribus oblongis apice emarginatis inter se paulo
* inaequalibus vix 5 mm. longis ad 3*5 mm. latis constitutum; labium
superius lobis duobus brevibus alte bifidis. Stamina 2, antheris majus-
culis; staminodia 3, superiore minuto. Ovarium 2 mm. altum, dense
elandulosum ; stylus 5 mm. longus. Fructus ad 1 '5 cm. longus, 2- 5 mm.
diametro, glanduloso-pilosus et parce aureo-glandulosus.— W. Cj. Lraib.
The genus Ornithoboea was originally based on a solitary-
species from Tenasserim, sent to the late Sir William
Hooker by the Rev. C. P. Parish over half a century
aero, though a description of Parish's genus was not pub-
lished until 1883, when Mr. C. B. Clarke named the species
0. Par/shii. Thirty years later Mr. Craib added two more
species, 0. Ilennji discovered by Mr. A. Henry in Yunnan,
near the Burmese frontier, and 0. Lacei, sent by ^Ir. J. H.
Lace from Upper Burma. Since 1913 Craib has described
yet another, 0. lanata, found by Dr. A. F. G. Kerr in
North-western Siam. Another form sent from the same
region by Kerr, which comes near 0. Lacei, has flowered
in the Botanic Garden of Trinity College, Dublin ; yet
another, known only in fruit, occurs in Tonkin. The first
record of this Indo-Chinese genus in cultivation relates to
Kerr's two Siamese forms, flowered at Dublin by Professor
September, 1915.
)
Dixon ; 0. lanaia, sent by Kerr, has also flowered at Kew.
The plant of 0. Lacei now figured was raised at Kew from
seed found in a capsule of the herbarium type of the species.
Cultivated plants differ from the parent in having longer
petioles and larger leaves. They flowered in June, 1914,
in a warm greenhouse under the treatment suitable for
tropical and subtropical Gesneriads, and matured good
seed. In its twisted fruits Ornithohoea resembles Boea and
Streptocar pus ,but its capsules are shorter and stouter; from
both genera it is distinguished by the bilabiate corolla
with short upper lip.
Description.— Herb, apparently biennial; stem with
portion, produced during the first season, over
4 in. long, nearly £ in. thick, more or less 4-angled
densely clothed during the second season with the per-
sistent bases of the old petioles, rather closely hairy
especially towards the top ; upper flowering portion of
the stem usually about 12 in. long, everywhere glandular-
hairy. Leaves usually unequal-sided, generally wide-
ovate, acuminate, or somewhat acute or obtuse, one
side often J shorter than the other, margin crenate-
serrate, 1^-4 in. long, 1-3J in. wide, chartaceous, rather
hairy on both sides, and on the lower paler side also
minutely yellow-glandular, lateral nerves about 10 on
each side of the midrib, visible above and raised beneath
as are the transverse veins; petiole up to 4 A in. long,
glandular-hairy Cymes axillary, half as long as the
petioles ; pedicels H in. long, glandular-hairy. Sepals
subequal , oblong-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, over j in.
r // U Sl er ^ m * T ide ' somewh at hairy on both sides.
as the tube, 3-lobed, the lobes oblong-emarginate, nearly
equal under J in. long and 4 in. wide ; upp?r lip 2-lobed,
the lobes very short and deeply 2-fid. Stamens 2 ; anthers
rather large ; stammodes 3, the central uppermost, very
small. Ovary T y m . long, densely glandular; style i in.
irTrf; m \ nearly * V 1 ' lon Z> to in. thick, glandular-hairy
and sparingly covered with yellow glands.
^
5, Ssule e o1 nL°nf C ii yX V 8h0 T g P* \ % corolk ' ,aid °P en I 3 and *> stamens ;
o, capsule of parent plant '.-all enlarged except 5, which i 8 of natural size.
sm
KS delJ^I.P.tcKM
ASno^r.tBro o>s X>ay & San Li***?
L.Ree^ 8- C? Lojidon.
Tab. $62$.
METROSIDEROS diffusa.
New Zealand.
Myrtaceae. Tribe Leptospermeae.
Metrosideros, Banks; Bentli. et Hook, f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 710.
Metrosideros diffusa, Smith in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. m. p. 268 ; Hook. f.
Fl. Nov. Zcl. vol. i. p. 67 ; Hook. f. Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. p. 71 ; / . K*rk,
Stud. Fl. N. Zeal. p. 161 ; Checscm. Man. N. Zeal. Fl. p. 164 ; affinia
M. all b i florae.
distinguenda.
Frntcx alte scandens, divaricatim ramosus, ramulis teretibus vel obscure
tetragonis puberulis. Folia breviter petiolata, oblonga vel elliptico-
oblonga, obtusa vel subobtusa, 1-2 cm. longa, 8-1 '5 cm. lata, valde
coriacea, subtus copiose punctulata. Flores terminates, cymosi numerosi,
brevissime pedicellati. Calyx 0-6-0-7 cm. longus, puberulus; tubus
anguste oblongus ; limbus abrupte expansus, cupulans ; lobi rotundato-
deltoidei. Petala orbiculata, parce et minute denticulata, circiter 2 o mm.
longa, coccinea. Stamina numerosa ; filamenta coccinea, circiter 1 cm.
longa ; antherae oblongae, luteae. Stylus gracilis, circiter 1 cm. longus
SXglobosa, coriacea, 0"8 cm. longa, sulcata, Umbo calycis persistente
coronata.— R. A. Rolfe.
The very striking Metrosideros here figured is a native
of New Zealand, in which country the genus is well
represented, three of its members having already a place
incur pages: M. flmda, Sm., at t. 4471; M tementosa
A. Rich., at t. 4488; and M. buxifoha, A Cunn., at
t 4515. In our earlier volumes, too, five other figures
have been given of Australian plants then referred to
Metrosideros: M. citrina, Curt., at t. 260; M speciosa,
Sims, at t. 1761 ; M. saligna, Sm at t 1821 ; MMspiaU^
Sm., at t. 1960; and M. viridiflora, Sims^ at t. J™&
of these Australian species
the
M. hispida, which is Angophora cordifolia Cav., have now
been better transferred to the genus Calhstemon. 1 he
species now illustrated, M. diffusa, is confined to the
North Island of New Zealand, where it is not uncommon
in forests from Mongonui and Ahipara to the south-east
coast and Taranaki, occurring from sea-level to elevations
of 2000 feet. For its introduction to this country norti-
Skptbmbrb, 1915.
culture is indebted to Capt. A. A. Dorrien-Smith, who
informs us that while it usually grows as a creeper and
prefers to have its roots in the shade, it is in its native
haunts very accommodating, as it also forms a fairly
compact rigid shrub in the middle of lava-flows. Its
usual and apparently natural habit, however, is that of
a creeper on trunks of trees, when, like various species of
Ficus, it forms more rigid spreading branches as it grows
older. It is only on such branches, when they are mature,
that flowers are borne. The material for our figure has
been derived from a plant cultivated by Mr. T. A.
Dorrien-Smith in his garden at Tresco Abbey, Scilly,
where it has thriven well in a raised pocket against a south
wall shaded from the midday sun, its roots attaching
themselves to the stones like ivy. Under these congenial
conditions it flowered for the first time from the spread-
ing branches in April, 1914, doing so again, even more
profusely, in 1915. It is readily reproduced by cuttings
struck under a bell glass in autumn, plants so raised
flowering in their second or third season. It can also be
raised from seed, but plants so obtained take many years
to attain mature growth and produce flowers. It should
be noted that this is not the plant figured as M. diffusa
at t. 569 of the Icones Plantarum ; that figure represents
M. alb i flora, Sol.
Description. — Shrub, far climbing, divaricately
branched, the twigs terete or faintly 4-angled, puberulous.
Leaves short-petioled, oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or
almost so, |-| in. long, J~§ in. wide, very coriaceous,
copiously dotted beneath. Flowers terminal, cymose,
numerous, very shortly pedicelled. Calyx about £ in.
long, puberulous; tube narrow-oblong; limb abruptly
spreading, cup-shaped; lobes rounded-deltoid. Petals
orbicular, sparingly and minutely denticulate, about
T V in. long, pink. Stamens numerous ; filaments pink,
over £ in. long ; anthers oblong, yellow. Style slender,
over J in. long. Capsule globose, coriaceous, £ in. long,
grooved, crowned by the persisting calyx-lobesi
Fig. 1, bud; 2, longitudinal section of a calyx and pistil, showing style;
3, petal ; 4 and 5, anthers; 6, transverse section of pistil :— all enlarged.
No. 130:
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
CONTENTS OF No. 130, OCTOBER, 1915,
Tab. 8629.— PYRUS YUNNANENSIS.
8630.— GENTIANA GRACILIPES.
„ 8631.— PROMENAEA MICROPTEEA.
„ 8632.-STREPTOCARPUS DENTICULATA.
j} 8633.— CLEMATIS UNCINATA.
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A Descriptive Account of the Lepidoptera of the Indian Peninsula.
By F. MOORE and Col. C. SWINHOE.
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CORAL AND ATOLLS (Re-Issue).
By F. WOOD-JONES, D.Sc, F.Z.S.
A history and description of the Keeling-Cocos Islands, with an account of
their fauna and flora, and a discussion of the method of development and
transformation of coral structures in general. Profusely illustrated with
photo-reproductions, 332 pages, appendix, and index/sj x 6. I5s.
L REEVE & CO., Ltd., 6, Henrietta Street. Covent
862*
^Sde! JtfRtchiith
acent Brooks,] bnWHmp-
T *Q
Leeve& n
Tab. 8629.
pyrus yunnanensis.
China.
Eosaceae. Tribe Pomeae.
Pyrus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 626.
Pyrus (§ Eriolobus) yunnanensis, Franch. PL Dclavay. p. 228 (18S9) ; species
P. Tschonoskii, Maxim., valde affinis, floribus niinoribus pro corymbo
numerosioribus fructibus niinoribus rubris foliisque ramulorum steriliuin
altius lobatis facillime distinguenda.
Arbor inermis, 6-9-metralis ; innovationes primum dense tomentosi demum
glabrati, brunneo-rubescentes. Folia decidua, ramulorum floriferorutu
ovata, margine minute irregulariter serrata, ramulorum steriliuin saepius
subobovata, plus minusve lobulata lobulis iterum serratis, omnia apice
acuta, basi cordata vel rotundata, 5-11 cm. longa, 3 '5-7' 5 cm. lata, supra
sordide viridia primum floccosa demum fere glabra, subtus dense velutina
demum glabrescentia ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 6-9 ; petiolus 1 ' 7-3 ■ 5 cm*
longus, pubescens. Flores 1*5 cm. lati, in corymbos 5-7*5 cm. latos
ramulos dense tomentosos 3-4-foliatos terminantes dispositi; rhachis
dense tomentosa ; pedicelli dense tomentosi, circiter 2*5 cm. longi. Calyx
dense tomentosus ; lobi 2*5 mm. longi, triangulares, demum reflexi. Petala
pallide rosea vel fere alba, 6 mm. longa, orbicularia, ungue breve tomentoso
suffulta. Stamina circiter 20 ; filamenta glabra ; antherae luteae. Ovarium
5-loculare; styli 5, ad medium usque connati. Fructas globosi, 1*2 cm.
diametro, intense rubri maculis albis notati, calycis lobis persistentibus
coronati ; carnes scruposae, acerbae. Semina 3 mm. longa, securiformia,
brunnea. — Eriolobus yunnanensis, Schneider in Handb. Laubholzk. vol. i.
p. 727 (1906). Pyrus Veitchii, Hort. ; Gard. Chron. 1912, vol. lii. p. 2H8
[nomen]; Veitch, Cat. New Hardy Plants from China— Autumn 1913,
p. 12, P. Veitchiana, Hort. ; Gard. Chron. 1912, I.e. [nomen] .— W. J. Bean.
The handsome tree now figured belongs to that section
of Pyrus which Roemer established as a separate genus,
Eriolobus. To it belong also the Japanese P. Tschonoskii,
Maxim., figured at t. 8179 of this work, and P. trilohata,
DC, a native of Syria, very rare in gardens but repre-
sented in the Kew collection. Eriolobus differs from the
Aria group, in which Franchet placed P. yumtanensis, by
the styles being united for their lower third or more, and
from Malm by the flesh of the fruit having grit-cells.
The tree from which our figure was prepared is now
growing in the collection of Pyrus immediately south of
the Temperate House at Kew. It was purchased in
1913 from Messrs. Veitch, who raisad it in 1900 in their
Coombe Wood Nursery from seed sent from the district
of Chang-yang in Western China by Mr. E. H. Wilson.
A tree heavily laden with the handsome fruits was
October, 1915.
exhibited under the name P. Veitchii, at the Horti-
cultural Hall, Westminster, on Oct. 8, 1912, by Messrs.
Veitch. P. yunnanensis was originally discovered by the
Abbe Delavav in Yunnan, growing in mountain woods
at 9000-10,000 feet elevation. From P. Tschonoskii, its
nearest ally, it is distinguished by its smaller flowers,
much more numerous in the corymb, the smaller red
fruits, and the more deeply lobed leaves of the barren
shoots. Dr. Schneider describes the calyx -lobes as falling
from the apex of the fruit, and stress has been laid on
this statement under t. 8179 of the present work, but
none of the specimens in the Kew Collection exhibit this
character. It promises to be perfectly hardy and its
abundant seeds will make its increase easy. Planted in
good deep loam it grows well and, more especially
in autumn, makes an attractive feature in the garden.
Description. — Tree, 20 to 30 ft. high, unarmed;
young shoots at first felted, becoming glabrous and
reddish-brown. Leaves deciduous; ovate and finely
and irregularly serrate on the flowering shoots, often
more obovate and shallowly lobed as well as serrate on
the barren shoots, acute at the apex, cordate or rounded
at the base; 2-4| in. long, 1J-3 in. wide; primary
veins six to nine ; ~dull green and at first floccose, ulti-
glabrous above, covered with a pale brown
felt beneath, much of which falls away by autumn
petiole §-l| in. long, pubescent. Flowers f in. wide,
in racemose corymbs 2-2J in. in diameter, terminating
short, felted twigs which carry three or four leaves;
rachis and pedicels felted, the latter about 1 in. long.
Calyx felted, its lobes T \ in. long, triangular, becoming
reflexed. Petals pale pink, { in. wide, orbicular, with
a short, bearded claw. Stamens about twenty, filaments
glabrous, anthers yellow. Ovary 5-celled; styles five,
connate in the lower half. Fruit elobose. "A in. in
diameter, deep red specked with whitish dots, the
calyx-lobes persisting at the apex; flesh gritty, harsh
and acid. Seeds £ in. long, hatchet-shaped, brown.
Fi«. 1, portion of the under-surface of a leaf ; 2, bud ; 3, vertical section of a
flower, the petals removed ; 4 and 5, anthers :— all enlarged.
8630
M.S. del. Pilclililh.
a
Vincent Brookft ,Day & Son Lt< imp
L Reeve &. C c ndon
Tab. 8630.
GENTIAN A gbaciltpes
China.
Gentianaceae. Tribe Swkrtieae.
Gentiana, Linn. ; Bcnth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 815
Gentiana gracilipes, Turrill; species G. dalmricae, Fisch., affinis, sed
pedicellis longioribus, calycibus unilateraliter fissis differt.
Herba perennis, et rosulas steriles et caules florentes erectos vel adscendentes
teretes glabros gaudens. Folia rosularuiu sterilium anguste lanceolata,
acuta, caulina linearia vel lanceolato-linearia, acuta, usque ad 5 cm. longa
et 3-4 mm. lata, uninervia, glabra, opposita, basi conuata. Flore* in
axillis superioribus solitarii, pedicellis circiter 5 cm. longis glabris. Calyx
truncatus, margine distincte 3-5-dentatus, latere altero integer, altero
fissus, 9 mm. longus. Corollae tubus superne gradafcim ampliatus, 3*2 cm.
lorWs, basi 1/5 mm. latus, fauce 8 mm. diarnetro ; lobi ovato-triangulares,
6 mm. longi, 5 mm. lati, patentes, plicis ovato-triangularibus 3 mm. longis
alternantes. Stamina libera, inter se aequalia, filamentis 7 mm. longis ad
corollae tubi basin usque decurrentibus, antheris stramineis 2 mm. longis.
Ovarium fere sessile, cylmdricum, stylo 8 mm. longo incluso 3 cm. altum,
2 mm. diarnetro, glabrum, stigmate bilobo, lobis 1 mm. longis.—
W. B. Turrill.
The interesting Chinese Gentian now figured is a
member of the section of the genus Gentiana distinguished
by Professor Kusnezow as Apt era. According to the
arrangement adopted by Kusnezow G. gracilipes should be
placed nearest to G. dahurica, Fisch., with which except
for its longer pedicels it agrees closely in its general
facies; or alternatively next to G. Fttisowii, Maxim.,
with which it shares the character of a spathaceously
divided calyx. For the material on which our plate of
G. gracilipes is based we are indebted to the kindness
of Mr. H. J. Elwes, in whose garden at Colesborne,
Cheltenham, a plant which flowered there in August,
1914, was raised from seed collected in Kansu and
received at Colesborne through the late Mr. R. Wood-
ward. This plant, which was presented by .Mr. Elwes to
Kew, has proved quite hardy and thrives vigorously m a
cool sheltered corner. It has not yet ripened seed, but
October, 1915.
appears to be as easily managed as the other members
of the section Aptera, of which several are already in
cultivation. The chief distinctive feature of G. gracili-
pes is the length of its slender pedicels, which arise
singly in the axils of the uppermost leaves of the
flowering shoot. The lateral position of the flowering
shoot this species shares with G. dahurica ; the spatha-
ceous division of the calyx on one side it shares not
only with G. Fetisowii, but with G. straminea, Maxim.,
and some other members of the section Aptera. At the
same time this latter character is not universal in the
section ; several of the species, in addition to G. dahurica,
have a normally tubular calyx.
Description. — Herb, perennial, with barren rosettes,
and at the same time, erect or ascending terete glabrous
flowering stems. Leaves of the rosette narrow-lanceolate,
acute; of the stem linear-lanceolate, acute, 1-nerved,
opposite and stem-clasping at the base, up to 2 in. long,
1 i~ 1 2 m. wide. Flowers solitarv in the axils of the
uppermost leaves, pedicels glabrous, about 2 in. long.
Calyx truncate, distinctly 3-5-toothed, split on one side,
over £ m. long. Corolla purplish-blue ; tube gradually
enlarging upwards, 1-' in. long, T \ 2 in. wide at the base,
limb ^ in. across; lobes ovate-triangular, i in. long,
f J*?" W i • s P readin g> alternating with 5 ovate-triangular
lows, ¥ m. long. Stamens free, equal; filaments de-
current on the corolla- tube to the base ; anthers straw-
coloured „ m l ong . Ovary subsessile, cylindric, li in.
21 lncludl fg ^ style which is |- in. long, very narrow,
glabrous ; stigma 2-lobed, its lobes very short.
Fig. 1, calyx, laid open, and pistil; 2 and 3, anthers :-all enlarged,
8631
ttS.dd.J.N.BtchJitk
L. Reeve &C? London.
arcent Brooks, Day & SonLt^ imp
Tab. 8631.
-
PROMENAEA microptera
Tropical South America.
Orchidaceae. Tribe Vandeae.
Promenaea, LindL Bot. Beg. 1843, p. 13. Zygopetalum § Promenaea,
Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 543.
Promenaea microptera, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1881, vol. xvi. p. 134, ad
calc. ; species a P. xanthina, Lindl., sepalis petalisque angustioribus et
labelli lobo intermedio multo angustiore apte sejuugenda.
Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi aggregati, ovoidei, Bulcati, 1 ' 5-2 cm. longi,
apice diphylli. Folia lanceolata, acuminata, subarcuata, plicata, pallide
viridia, 7-9 cm. longa, 1*8-1*5 cm. lata. Scapi laterales, arcuati, graciles,
6-7 cm. longi, uniflori, prope basin parce vaginati; bractea lanceolata,
acuminata, concava, circiter 1 cm. longa. Flores mediocres, pallide virides,
labello transverse purpureo-maculato. Sepala et petala patentia, oblongo-
lanceolata, acuminata, 17-2 cm. longa. Labellum trilobum, 1-8 cm.
longum; lobi laterales suberecti, late rotundato-deltoidei, subobtusi,
breves ; lobus intermedius elliptico-oblongus, apice recurvus et subacutus ;
discus crista transversa prominenter tuberculata instructus. Columna
clavata, marginata. Pollinia 4, obovoidea, subcompressa, glandula lata
acuta affixa.— Zygopetalum micropterum, Reichb. f., I.e.— R. A. Eolfk.
The genus Promenaea was founded by Lindley oyer
seventy years ago on four small Brazilian species which
had until then been included in Maxillaria, Ruiz et Pav.,
along with a fifth from British Guiana ; some other species
have since then been described from Colombia. The late
Professor Reichenbach subsequently included Promenaea,
with other allied genera, in Zygopetalum, proposed by Sir
William Hooker in 1827. In this Reichenbach was
followed by Bentham and Hooker in 1883, though they
accorded Promenaea the status of a section. Reichenbach,
however, had already reconsidered his earlier conclusion,
and Promenaea is now thought as entitled to generic rank
as some other similar groups whose status has never been
questioned. One species of this genus, P. graminea, LindL,
from Guiana, has been figured at t. 3877 of this work
as Maxillaria stapelioides ; the true P. stapelioide* is, how-
ever, a native of Brasil. The interesting little species
now figured has a somewhat obscure history, for we are
still without definite record of its native country. The
October, 1915.
plant is one in the Kew collection which thrives well in a
tropical house under the conditions suitable for species
of Maxillaria and Zygopetalum, and flowered there in
June, 1914. It had been presented to the Gardens by
the Dowager Lady Lawrence, earlier in the year, as part
of the collection of the late Sir Trevor Lawrence, at
Burford, Dorking, so rich in species previously unrepre-
sented at Kew and rarely met with in cultivation. This
species, P. microptera, was described in 1831 by Reichen-
bach, whose material, which came originally from Mr.
d'Haene of Ghent, had been sent by Mr. H. Veitch ; a
day later he received it also from Mr. B. S. Williams of
Hollo way. In 1890 material, probably from the original
source, was communicated to Kew from the Royal
Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, and there is little reason to
doubt that the plant now figured had also formed part
of the same importation, for the Burford label indicates
that it reached Sir Trevor Lawrence from the collection
of Mr. Williams. The nearest ally of P. microptera, as
Professor Reichenbach and Mr. Rolfe point out, is a
Brasilian species, P. mnthina, Lindl. ; this does not, by
itself, entitle us to assume that P. microptera is also a
native of Brasil rather than of Colombia or Guiana,
though it suggests that possibility.
Description.—//^, epiphytic ; pseudobulbs clustered,
roid, grooved, J-f in. long, 2-f oliate. Leaves lanceolate,
mminate, somewhat arcuate, plicate, pale green, 3-3 h
i. long, i-f in. wide. Scapes lateral, arcuate, slender,
2J-3 m. long, 1-flowered, sparingly sheathed near the
base ; bract lanceolate, acuminate, concave, over A in.
long. Flowers medium-sized, pale green, the lip with
transverse purple bars. Sepals and petals spreading,
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, §-| in. long. Lip 3-lobed,
in. long; lateral lobes suberect, wide rounded-deltoid,
rather blunt, short; mid-lobe elliptic-oblong, with a
recurved, rather acute tip; disk with a transverse
rather prominently tubercled crest. Column clavate,
marginate. Pollinia 4, obovoid, somewhat compressed,
adnate to a broad acute gland.
Fig. 1, lip and column ; 2, anther-cap ; 3 and 4, pollinia :—all enlarged
8632
MS del. J.N Rich hih
Vincent Brooks, Day &5onLt d unp
L Reeve &C° Lund
onaon .
Tab. 8632.
STREPTOCARPUS denticulata
Transvaal.
Gesneriaceae. Tribe Cyrtandreae.
Streptocarpus, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 1023.
Streptocarpus denticulata, Turrill ; species S. pusillae, C. B. Clarke, jiffmis ;
foliis utrinque fere glabris, corollae tubo breviore, limbo majore distincta.
Herba acaulis, unifoliata. Folium (cotyledon) ovatum, obtusura, basi cordatum,
ad 2 dm. longum, 1*8 dm. latum, margiue denticulatum, pagina utraquc
fere glabrum. Inflorcscentiae ad 2'4 dm. altae, multiflorae, pilis glandu-
loso-capitatis dense instructae; bracteae lineares. Calyx 5-partitus, ut
pedunculi et pedicelli dense glanduloso-pubescens, segmentis linearibus
acutis 4 mm. longis 1 mm. latis. Corollae tubus cylindricus, medio con-
strictus, 8 mm. longus, basi 4 mm. diametro ; limbus bilabiatus, roseo-
purpureus, labio antico trilobo carmineo-lineato, lobis late orbicularibus
aequalibus 7 mm. longis 8 mm. latis crenulatis, postico bilobo inferne
atropurpureo, lobis aequalibus late orbicularibus 7 mm. longis 5 mm.
latis leviterdecurrentibus, antheris 2" 75 mm. longis; staminodia 1-2 mm.
lon^a. Discus annulatus, glaber. Ova rium cylindricum, leviter obhquum,
4 mm. altum, 1 ■ 5 mm. diametro, dense brevius glanduloso-pubescens ;
stylus' 4 mm. longus, glanduloso-pubescens, stigmate bilobo.— W. B.
Turrill.
The genus Streptocarpus is confined to Africa south of
the Tropic of Cancer and to the Mascarenes. Two sections
are generally recognized ; one, Unifoliatae, has only one
green assimilating leaf which is a persistent cotyledon ;
the other, fiosulatae, has 1-4 leaves in addition to the
cotyledon which is usually present. The species figured
is one of the Unifoliatae, of which about fifteen are
already known from various parts of South Africa. The
nearly or quite glabrous leaf (cotyledon) of & denticulaia
is unlike the densely hairy one of S. pusilla, Harv.,
to which our plant appears most nearly allied. The
glandular-pubescent character of the inflorescence is a
noticeable feature, though our species shares this with
some of the others. The general colour of the flowers
is distinctive, and may be described as rose-purple with
lines of deeper carmine on the lower lip, and dark-
purple blotches on the lower part of the upper lip.
In other species of Streptooirpus figured in this work
the corolla is more or less blue or violet, as, in S.
October, 191.">.
Galpini, Hook, f., at t. 7230 ; S. Wertdlandii, Daramann,
at t. 7447 ; and S. Makoni, Hook, f., at t. 7857. The
material for our plate has been derived from a
presented to Kew by Mr. R. I. Lynch, Bot
Garden, Cambridge, in 1914. This plant was raised
by Mr. Lynch from seed communicated by Mr. W. E.
Ledger, Wimbledon, who had received it from South
Africa, where it had been collected by Mr. J. N. Thorn-
croft on one of the mountains near Barberton, in the
Transvaal. It has thriven well under the conditions
suitable for other species of the genus, and has ripened
seeds from which a second generation of plants has been
raised. Crosses, Mr. Lynch informs us, have been made
between S. denticulata and various species, more especially
S. cyaneus, S. Moore, with which it seems to pair more
readily than with others. In the case of S. cyaneus, crosses
have been made both ways, and in each the influence of
the female parent has shown itself the stronger.
Description.— Herb, stemless and with only one leaf,
which is an enlarged persistent cotyledon. Leaf ovate,
obtuse, margin denticulate, base cordate, sometimes 8 in.
long, 7 in. wide, glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces.
Inflorescences clustered, many-flowered, 9-10 in. in height,
densely clothed with glandular hairs; bracts linear.
Uily.r o-partite, densely glandular-pubescent; lobes
narrow-linear acute, }, in. long. Corolla rose-purple,
tube white limb with purple blotches and crimson
streaks ; tube cylindric, narrowed in the middle, I in.
Q°f g u I "Jl™? 6 , at the base » limb 2-lipped; lower lip
3-lobed the lobes subequal, wide-orbicular, over ± in.
ofl' J i n i* Wlde> their mar g in crenulate; upper lip
2-lobed lobes equal, wide-orbicular, over 1 in. long,
5 in. wide, faintly crenulate. Stamens 2 perfect, glabrous ;
filaments \ in. long, slightly decurrent; anther under
v in. long; staminodes short. Disk annular, glabrous.
Ovary cylindric, slightly oblique, J in. long, under T V
in. wide, densely glandular-pubescent with short hairs";
style 6 in. long, glandular-pubescent ; stigma 3-lobed.
6 fkcich of al /n X nn? d ^ I % T^' laid P en 5 3 and 4. anthers ; 5, ovary;
0, sketch of an cntne plant :-all enlarged except 6, which is much reduced.
M.S.dcl JN.Ktdklitk
^ncent Brooks , Day *Son Lt*im;>
Ree^e ^C° London.
Tab. 8633.
CLEMATIS usrciNATA, forma ret us a.
China.
Raxunculaceae. Tribe Clkmatidkae.
Clematis, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, riant, vol. i. p. 8.
Clematis uncinata, Champion ex Benth. in Hook. Ketv Journ.^ Bot. vol. iii.
p. 255, forma retusa, Sprague ; foliolis apice retusis a typo distincta.
Frutex scandens. Caulcs sulcati, purpurascentes, glabri. Folia pinnatim
quinquefoliolata vel septemfoliolata (ea inflorescentiae trifoliolata vol
simplicia) ; foliola elliptica vel late ovata, apice retusa, basi cordata vel
rotundata, 3-6*5 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata, tenuiter coriacea, glabra ; petiolus
in basin ampliatus, supra valde excavatus ; petioluli 1-2-5 cm. longi.
Thyrsi foliati; pedicelli 1*5-3*5 cm. longi, basi pari bractearum suffulti ;
bracteae anguste lanceolatae, 4-5 mm. longae. Sepala alba, ligulana,
minute apiculata, 1-5-1-8 cm. longa, 3-5 mm. lata, primnm patentia,
demum deflexa. Stamina numerosa ; filamenta linearia, 2-8 mm. longa;
minute apiculatae. Pistilla pluria, vix 1 cm. longa; ovarium glabrum ;
stylus longe dense plumosus. Achaenia formae retusae haud cognita,
formae typicae oblonga, breviter rostrata, 6-7 mm. longa, stylo patenter
plumoso triplo longiore.— T. A. Sprague.
The striking form of Clematis uncinata which is the
subject of our plate differs from the plant originally
described as C. uncinata by Champion, by its leafy
inflorescence, that of the type being comparatively
leafless, and by its leaflets being all retuse in place ot
acutely acuminate and recurved or almost hooked at
the tip, the feature to which the species owes its name.
Yet in spite of the distinctive appearance thus imparted
the present form, the
ted by
a series of intermediate conditions, the existence of
which renders it impossible to accord our plant even
the rank of a variety. For the material from which our
illustration has been prepared we are indebted to Captain
D. V. Pirie, in whose garden at the Chateau de Varennes,
a few miles west of Angers, it makes a most beautiful
picture, clambering over a wall and succeeding under the
strong sun of Western France much better than it dors
at Kew. Fragrant as well as graceful, C. uncinata is
evidently a species which loves bright sunshine. In
October, 1915.
England it does not appear to be very hardy in the
open ground and will probably require to be grown on
a south wall in order to bring out its best qualities.
Description. — Shrub, climbing; stems grooved, pur
plish, glabrous. L
pinnately 5-foliolate or 7-folio
late, those of the inflorescence 3-foliolate or simpl
leaflets ellipt
rounded
wide
1
i, retuse, base cordate or
i/unucu, x j-* 2 iix. lung, ^-xj in. wide, thinly coriaceous,
labrous ; petiole widened at the base, deeply channelled
Flowers disposed in a
long, with a pair of bracts
1
2
above ; petiolules
leafy thyrse ; pedicels
at the base: bracts
in.
1
g
•lanceolate
1
6
1
5
in.
ong
Sepals white, narrow oblong, minutely apiculate
2
3
in.
g
1
8
wide, at first spreading, ultimately deflexed
Stamens many; filaments linear,
1
linear,
1
in. long ; anthers
1
8"
1
7
long, finely apiculate. Carpels very many
about l in. long ; ovary glabrous ; style densely plumose
with long hairs
Ach
of the form now described
unknown; those of the typical form oblong, shortly
beaked, about | in. long ; style feathered with spreading
hairs.
1
Figs. 1 and 2, stamens ; 3, pistil :—all enlarged
dFourtf) §?tvit$.
No. 131.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
CONTENTS OF No. 131, NOVEMBER, 1915.
Tab. 8634.— RHODODENDRON CARNEUM.
>>
rt
>*
8635.— SIEVEK1XGIA SHEPHEARDII.
8636.— ANEMONE OBTUSILOBA, forma PATULA.
8637.— POTENTILLA DAVURICA, var. VEITCHII
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trZZ Tt ,° ra ' ^ * discussion of the method of development and
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8634
M S del J' RtcKliih.
Vincent BrookajDavSt-Scn I.tPt-rrcp
Reeve & C° L. or id.cn
Tab. 8634
1
RHODODENDRON carneum
Upper Burma.
Ericaceae* Tribe Rhodoreae.
Rhododendron, Linn. ; Benth. et HooJc. /. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599.
Rhododendron carneum, Hutchinson ; species distincta affinis B. Veitchiano,
Hook., sed calycis lobis multo minoribus longe ciliatis, corolla minore
carnea extra roseo tincta intus emaculata, lobis subplanis divergentibus
margine haud crispatis differt.
Frutex metralis ; ramuli dense brunneo-lepidoti. Folia elliptico-obovata, sub-
acuta, basi obtusa vel subcuneata, 6-12 cm. longa, 3-4 cm. lata, coriacea,
supra intense viridia, arete reticulata, glabra, infra glauca, glandulis flavis
lepidota ; costa infra prominens, basi circiter 1 4 5 mm, lata ; nervi
laterales utrinsecus 5-8, utrinque conspicui, flexuosi, prope marginem
tenuissimi ; petioli 1-1 ' 5 cm. longi, dense lepidoti. Ferulae late ovatae,
obtuse mucronulatae, extra lepidotae. Calyx bene evolutus, 5-lobus, lobis
* rotundato-ovatis apice longe piloso-ciliatis extra dense lepidotis. Corolla
carnea; tubus 3*5-4 cm. longus, basi 0*8 cm. fauce 3 cm. diametro, extra
parce lepidotus, intus glaber; lobi patentes, oblongi, apice truncati vei
rotundati, 3 cm. longi, 2-3-3*5 cm. lati. Stamina plerumque 12, inae-
qualia, breviter exserta ; filamenta subfiliformia, interne patule pilosa, ad
4'5 cm. longa; antherae 4 mm. longae. Ovarium 0*5 cm. altum, dense
lepidotum ; stylus exsertus, 5 * 5 cm. longus, dense lepidotus, superne roseus,
stigmate capitato brunneo viscido 3*5 mm. diametro.— J. Hutchinson.
The very attractive Rhododendron which forms the
subject of our plate is a native of Northern Burma, where
it was met with at an altitude of about 7500 feet above
the level of the sea in the Northern Shan States by
Major C. W. Browne, Survey of India, by whom a
supply of seed was sent to Col. F. B. Longe, Holly Lodge,
Thorpe, Norwich. From these seeds, sown in July, 1909,
Col. Longe was able to raise several plants ; one of these
plants, which flowered in 1914 under the conservatory
treatment suitable for R. formosum and /?. Veitcha, was
sent to Kew for examination, and afforded an oppor-
tunity for the preparation of the figure here given.
According to the information received by Col. Longe,
this species in its natural state affects open grassy hill
sides away from any large trees, prefers western slopes,
and only grows to a height of about three feet. The
NOVKMHKR, 1915.
flowers in their native habitat are of a crimson pink
which gradually turns to a delicate white, or to white
suffused with pink. The affinity of R. carneum with
E. I eitchianurn, Hook., also a Burmese species which
has been figured at t. 4992 of this work, is very marked,
and if only herbarium material of the two be consulted,
the impression might be formed that they are barely
separable. When, however, the figures made from
living material of the two species are compared, several
differences are manifest. In R. V eitddanum the calyx-
lobes are usually considerably larger, and are always less
ciliate, while the corolla, which is white, is always larger
and is yellow inside the tube, its lobes being suberect in
place of spreading and having strikingly crispate margins.
Description.— Shrub, about 3 ft. high ; twigs densely
brown-lepidote Leaves elliptic-obovate, subacute, base
obtuse or riiotafo «««««. f- oi 4 i in j x , ^ ^ wide
coriaceous, deep green above, closely reticulate, glabrous,
glaucous and lepidote with yellow glands beneath ; mid-
I l rai i! x, beneat . h > with 5-8 lateral nerves along each
I nlZ aT V1Slble on both ^rfaces, are somewhat
tZ l.V + TT Ver ^ slender towards the margin of
-1 £ lL P etl ° e U 1 1?' l0n - densel y le P idote - Bud -
fl °7 ate / bl T tly m ™ronulate, lepidote outside.
developed, 5-lobed, two segments rounded
a
eAf, V' ^ V, P With lon § h tirs ^d densely
onL Hn a ^ ' ?Z° W L flesh "«°lo^ed ; tube l'-l} in.
mS&EuSK \ h -, hase ' 4 in - across at the mouth,
X oh& * °! ltslde ' glabrous within ; lobes s P reac,:
wfd'e <S § ' trunoate 11 or r »«nded, 1* in. long, 1-1'. in.
lament? *3 "T" 7 12, nne 1 ua1 ' dightl/ exserted ;
Wr ha f u„ 1% 1 "^ s P rea °»>g hairs in their
In W 2 i *i '"• J ,0ng ; anthers i in - long. Oirary
l^L^ykP" 10 * i «Wa exserted, 2f in. long
viscid
lepidote, pink upwards; stigma capitate, bro
«Kl{rt^jx a i^'o^^ l0W ^ S " rface ' 2 ' s ™ les fi'om a leaf ; 3, calyx
6 and 7. siam^llXXrll *' ° UtSlde ° f a <^olla-lobe; showing scales;
■all enlarged.
8635
MS del. J^.jPitc Mv
Vincent Br* ooks,Da7 & SonLt4imf
L .R eeve k C °L ondon
Tab. 8635
SIEVEKINGIA Siiepheardii
Colombia.
Orchidaceae. Tribe Vandeae.
Sievekingia, Eeichb. f. Beitr. Syst. Vflanzcnk. (1871) p. 3
Sievekingia Shepheardii, Rolfe ; species nova ab alteris adhuc descriptis
pseudobulbis dipbyllis, scapis erectis et multifloris distincta.
Herba epiph\ tica. Pscudobulbi aggregati, ovoidei vel ovoideo-oblongi, angulati,
basi vaginis ovatis acutis membranaceis obtecti, 2-4 cm. longi, 1-1 ■ 5 cm.
lati, diphylli. Folia petiolata, elliptico-lanceolata, acuminata, plicata,
subundulata, 12-20 cm. longa, 3-5 cm. lata ; petiolus 2-5 cm. longus.
Scapus erectus, circiter 10 cm. longus, multinorus, rhachis nigro-pubcrula.
Bracteae lanceolatae, acuminatae, 1-1*5 cm. longae. PediceUi circiter
1 cm. longi, nigro-puberuli. Flores mediocres, lutei. Sepala subconni-
ventia, lanceolata, acuminata, 1*5 cm. longa, extra nigro-puberula. Petala
anguste obovato-oblonga, subobtusa, 1 cm. longa. Labelliim sub-
pandurato-oblongum, subconcavum, margine integrum, apice subacutum
et recurvum, 1 cm. longum, basi callo breve et papilloso iustructum.
Columna clavata, 0*8 cm. longa, alis latis et integris ; pollinia 2, ellip-
soidea ; stipes subgracilis ; glandula oblonga. — R. A. Rolfe.
.The Orchid now figured is a member of a small but
interesting genus which was originally founded by the
late Professor Reichenbach in 1871 on a species from
Costa Rica described as Sievekingia suavis. To the genus
Reichenbach subsequently added two more species,
*S'. fimbriata, also a Costa Rica plant, and S. Jenmanii, a
native of British Guiana. Since then a plant from
Ecuador, originally described by Mr. F. C. Lehmann as
Gorgoglossum Reicltmbachianum, has been found to be in
reality a Sievekingia, and has been figured at t. 7576 of
this work as S. Reichenbachiana. More recently two
additional species have appeared in collections. One of
these, a native of Peru, has been described as S. 'peruviana,
Rolfe. The other, S. Shepheardii, now first described is
a native of Colombia. Jt is one of nine Orchids collected
in the Colombian district of Rio Condoto Choco by
Dr. S. Shepheard in 1912 and was acquired for the Kew
collection frcm Mrs. Shepheard, Abbots Hall, Aylsham,
in 1914. It flowered in the Tropical Orchid House at
November, 1915.
Kew in February, 1915, and so permitted our plate to be
prepared. Planted in a teak basket and suspended near
the roof-glass, it thrives well under the treatment suit-
able for members of the genus Stanhope a. Its cultural
requirements are thus in accordance with its natural
affinities for, when first described, the srenus was noted
as being allied to Lacaena, Lindl., which in the Genera
Plantarum was placed in the subtribe Cyrtopodiea", but
has since been more satisfactorily transferred to the sub-
tribe Stanhopieae, wherein Sieve kin gia is most appropriately
included. The two species from Costa Rica are unknown
now in orchid collections; those from South America
appear, perhaps owing to difficulties connected with
their culture, to have failed to secure a permanent
position in our gardens.
Description.— Herb, epiphytic ; pseudobulbs 2-f oliate,
clustered, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, angled, clothed at the
base with acute membranous sheaths, f-lj in. long,
about £ in. wide. Leaves petioled, elliptic-lanceolate,
acuminate, plicate, margin slightly waved, 5-8 in. long,
li-2 in. wide; petiole f-2 in. long. Scape erect, about
4 in. long, many-flowered ; rachis puberulous with black
hairs ; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, £-| in. long ; pedicels
about J in. long, puberulous with black hairs. Flowers
of medium size, yellow. Sepals somewhat connivent,
lanceolate, acuminate, about § in. long, puberulous with
b ack hairs. Petals narrowly obovate-oblong, rather
blunt, about \ in. long. Lip somewhat pandurate-oblong,
rather concave, with margin entire and tip rather acute
and recurved, about J in. long, the base with a short
papillose callus. Column clavate, I in. long, with broad
gs ; pollinia 2, ellipsoid ; stipe rather slender ;
gland oblong
Fig. 1, lip ; 2, column ; 3, anther-cap ; 4, pollinarium :— all enlarged,
8636
MSad JNELtchith
"Vincent Brooks ,Daj& S oiLLt4im.p
L.Reeve &C°LoikIoil
Tab. 8636,
ANEMONE obtusiloba, forma patula
Himalaya, Burma and China.
Banunculaceae. Tribe Anemone ae.
Anemone, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 4
Anemone obtusiloba, Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal, p. 194; HooJc.f. et Thorns. Fl.
Intl. vol. i. p. 22, et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. i. p. 8 ; Finet et Gagncp.
in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. li. p. 62 ; species sat variabilis ab A. ruprstri.
Wall, ex Hook. f. et Thorns., habitu robustiore, foliisque minus divisis
recedit ; forma patula ramis floriferis elongatis pedunculis adscendentibus
instar.
Herba perennis. Folia juventute erecta, demum patula, rosulata. ambitu
magis minusve ovata, circa 5 cm. longa et lata, tripartita segmentis trifidis,
subtus pallidiora, pagina utraque pilis longis albis instructa, nervis subtus
prominulis, supra leviter impressis ; petioli 6-7 cm. longi, pilis longis albis
divergentibus instructi nisi inferne ubi complanati, pallidi et supra glabri.
Hamuli floriferi decumbentes, pedicellis exclusis 20 cm. longi, basi 4 mm.
diametro, plurisulcati, virides vel brunneo-virides, pilis longiusculis albidis
adscendentibus instructi, apice involucro circiter 2' 5 cm. longo e bracteis
4 foliosis composito ornati, flores 1-3 gerentes. Pedicelli terminales ad
20 cm. longi, laterales haud rarissime evoluti ad 8 cm. longi, omnes
apicem versus bibracteolati et ut pedunculus communis sulcati et pube-
scentes. Flores coeruleo-purpurascentes, expansi 3*5-4 cm. diametro;
sepala saepius 5, raro 6, plus minusve obovata, basi in unguem latum saepe
vix conspicuum angustata, dorso medio pubescentia. Filamenta circiter
5 mm. longa, complanata, apice angustata, omnino glabra, antheris vix
2 mm. longis. Carpdla pilis brunneis rigidis erectis obtecta, stylo per-
brevi. — W. G. Craib.
The Anemone here figured was collected by Mrs.
Wheeler CufTe at a high altitude on Mount Victoria, a
peak 12,500 feet in height in the Arakan Yomah in
Western Burma. Attempts, all of which had proved
unsuccessful, had been made to send seeds to Europe
but, during a visit which Mrs. Cuffe was able to pay to
Mount Victoria in 1913, she was able to obtain plants
which she brought home herself and presented to the
Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. Here they throve
well in a cold frame, where they have passed uninjured
through two winters, flowering freely in .May and June.
From one of these plants, sent by Sir Frederick Moore for
November, 1915.
the purpose, our plate has been prepared. The species.
A. obtusiloba to which this interesting Burmese plant is
here referred, was first described by Mr. D. Don in 1825
from specimens sent home by Dr. Wallich from Gossain
Than in the Alps of Central Nepal. Its range of distribu-
tion, tor an alpine species, is unusually wide, for it
extends from Kashmir throughout the Himalaya to
Western China, and its discovery on Mount Victoria
ToZT a un Q ex P e T ctedl ,y widens its area towards the
2, As ;^ Joseph Hooker has pointed out, A.
and o± 1S f r fl ther extremel y variable in size, hairiness
Sber i£E V6r ' °^ SlngUlar f0rm from Weste ™
dahrnr ^ Um T US i 0l l en yellow se P als is perfectly
ortoTd.n . E ^ er \ the floors may be white, purplish
Z™ Ti m Kashmir > whe re both yellow and purple-
SfiTe 8 grass \T^r n to i n *b
ZZeX K Jnt ttlr / at r of , this
from ofte ST' a /!f ure "<* "«* with in specimens
-« .1,* d«»grS- 'A'sr^ ss
be the consequences of
in the form now figured
of herbarium sn^^r OI , CUJtlvatl0n - In the absence
U„3^25 S P? clmens of uncultivated want* from
Mount Victoria Mr n u r u t UUUiU vated plants from
toZtffi ^ haS therefore been constrained
should the com Zn ?g ^"V* a form of ^ ^«*^ 5
habitat ^TSr°^°J materi ^ . fr ° m itS ° riginal
natural ones^f ™ t * features which mark it are
distincl variety 111 ^ tZf*' t0 *"* * »*« aS a
provina hardv . «« P i , glVes some Promise of
May if 15 t J J an GXam P le P lante d out at Glasnevin in
thote L thefrLfe 10 " 11 " WdI and fl ° Wered as fre <^ as
Description.— Herb,- perennial. Leaves at first erect,
at length spreading and rosulate, more or less ovate'
about 2 in. long and broad, 3-partite with each segment
6-hd, rather pale beneath, beset on both faces with long
white hairs, the nerves raised beneath, slightly sunk
above ; petiole 2|-2§ in. long, beset with long spreading
white hairs except at the base where they are infolded
and are pale and ghbrous on the upper side. Fl&wtrinq
branches decumbent, 8 in. long under the bracts, I in.
thick at the base, grooved throughout, green or brownish-
green, beset with rather long, ascending white hairs, each
bearing a whorl of 4 apical leafy. bracts about 1 in. lono-
with 1-3 flowers. Pedicels variable, the terminal up to
8 in. long, the lateral 1 or 2 which frequently accompany
it up to 3 in. long, all 2-bracteolate near the top and
sulcate and pubescent like the branch below. Flowers
purplish-blue, 1^-lJ in. across; sepals usually 5, occasion-
ally 6, more or less obovate, base narrowed to a wide
and often hardly noticeable claw, pubescent outside
g the middle. Filaments about I in. long, flattened.
— — o
narrowed at the tip, quite glabrous, anthers very short
Carpels closely beset with brown, stiff, erect hairs
very short.
Fig. 1 a stamen ; 2, a young carpel ; 3, a fruiting carpel ; 4, sketch of
entire plant :— all enlarged except 4, which is much reduced.
an
8637
<& *>
^w* *
M.S^el .JNKtdiLth
Vincent Brooks , Day & Son. Lt*imp
L.Reeve8 t C°Lcndon.
Tab. 8637.
POTENTILLA davurica, var. Veitchii
China.
Rosaceab. Tribe Potentilleae.
Potentilla, Linn. ; Benth. et HooTc. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 620 ; Wolf in Luerssen
Bibliotheca Botanica, vol. xvi. (Heft 71).
Potentilla davurica, Nestl, var. Veitchii, Jesson; varietas distincta a
P. davurica typica, habitu altiore laxiore et foliolis saltern juvenilibus
utrinque inagis minusve sericeo-pilosis apte sejungenda.
Frutex sempervirens, 1-1 • 5 m. altus ; caules ramique lignosi, juniores pilis
sericeis magis minusve vestiti, vetustiores sparse pilosi, cortice f usco facile
solubili. Folia 1*5-2-5 cm. longa, 3-5-f oliolata, petiolo 0-5-1-2 cm. longo
pubescente suffulta; foliola sessilia obovato-oblonga vel oblanceolata,
apice mucronulata, integra, 0-7-1*5 cm. longa, 0*35-0'7 cm. lata, supra
viridia, subtus pallidiora, utrinque adpresse sericeo-pilosa (in planta culta
parce pilosa), nervis lateralibus infra plus minusve conspicuis ; stipulae
ovatae, acuminatae, 7 mm. longae, scariosae. Flores plerumque apices
ramulorum brevium, uni- vel pauci-foliatorum terminantes, solitarii, raro
altero subterminali addito, hermaphroditi vel masculi, albi ; pedicelli*
1-2 cm. longi, longe laxiuscule sericeo-pilosi vel subvillosi. Sepal a
exteriora herbacea, viridia, obovato-oblonga, acuta, mucronulata, 4-5 mm.
longa, interiora submembranacea, flavescentia, exterioribus semper longiora,
ovata, mucronato-acuminata, omnia extra pilis albis instructa, interiora
intus apicem versus villosula. Petala obovata vel suborbiculata, 7-9 mm.
longa. Stamina petalis dimidio breviora. Ovarium pilis longis densissime
tectum. Stylus claviculiformis, vel crassiuscule filiformis. Stigma sub-
capitatum.— P. Veitchii, E. H.Wilson in Gard. Chron., 1911, vol. 1. p. 102.
P. fruticosa, var. Veitchii, Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 222.—
E. M. Jesson.
i
The subject of our plate is one of the most attractive
and, from the cultural standpoint, one of the most
distinct of the various shrubby Potentillas added to our
collections in recent years. It is a native of upland
thickets in Szechuan and Western Hupeh at elevations
of over 6000 feet above sea-level, and was introduced
from this area by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons through
their collector, Mr. E. H. Wilson, in 1900. It flowered
under cultivation for the first time in their nursery at
Coombe Wood in 1902. In 1907 Mr. Wilson sent plants
from the Arnold Arboretum on behalf of Professor
Sargent, and in 1911 he treated the plant as a distinct
species, P. Veitchii. In 1912 another plant raised from
November, 1915.
Northern Chinese seed was received at Kew under the
same name from the Arnold Arboretum. This flowered
in the hardy collection here in 1914 and from it the
material for our plate has been obtained. This plant
differs from the one from Western Hupeh in having less
hairy leaves with less prominent lateral veins, somewhat
smaller outer sepals and petals, and a rather longer style
more attenuated towards the base. In other respects
the two plants agree. But while sufficiently distinct as a
garden-plant, there is little doubt that the form here
figured must be looked upon as one intermediate between
P. fruticosa, Linn., and P. davurica, Nestl. Several such
forms with whitish or pale sulphur-coloured flowers are
known from Eastern Siberia and Manchuria, where the
areas of these two species overlap; they appear to
correspond with the different variations referred to the
reputed garden hybrid, P. Friedrichseni ', Spath. Our
plant has indeed already been referred as a variety to
P.frutwosa by Mr. Bean in his excellent work on " Trees
and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles," and that it must
be accorded treatment of this kind is indisputable.
.Perhaps, however, it is on the whole preferable to reduce
it to the other species of the pair, P. davurica, a plant
well known in cultivation and figured at t. 3676 of this
work as P. glabra, Lodd., which has leaflets that, even in
Dud, are glabrous except for a few hairs along the
margins, and is in its native country a dwarf compact
snrub. lhere are other distinct varieties of P. davurica ;
one with a dense and shaggy torn ent urn from Manchuria
nas been distinguished under P. fruticosa, not under
its proper species, as var. mandschurica, Maxim. ; another
with silvery leaves occurs in Western China. P.
aarunca vm. Veitchii, in its native country affects open,
rocky situations, fully exposed to the sun. Mr. Wilson
aescribes it as being remarkably floriferous ; though at its
oest m early summer, it flowers continuously from May
tin late autumn, producing its sprays of snow-white
nou ers well above the grey-green foliage. In cultivation
it makes a shapely low bush and flowers continuously
from May until September. It likes a loamy soil and an
open, sunny position, and may be propagated by cuttings
made m July and August.
Description. — Shrub, evergreen, 3-5 ft. high ; stems
and branches woody, the younger more or less silky, the
older sparingly hairy, the bark flaking. Leaves f-1 in.
long, 3-5-foliolate ; petiole pubescent, j ; -^ in. long ;
leaflets sessile, obovate-oblong or oblanceolate, mucronu-
late, entire, ^-| in. long, -f-£ in. wide, green above, paler
beneath, adpressed silky or in the cultivated plant
sparingly hairy on both surfaces, lateral nerves more or
less raised beneath ; stipules ovate, acuminate, £ in. long,
scarious. Flowers usually solitary at the ends of short
one- to few-leaved twigs, occasionally accompanied by a
second nearly terminal flower, hermaphrodite or male,
white; pedicels \-% in. long, rather loosely silky or
almost villous with long hairs. Sepals : outer herbaceous,
green, obovate-oblong, acute, mucronulate, -J— y in. long;
inner almost membranous, yellowish, always longer than
the outer, ovate, mucronately acuminate ; all beset with
white hairs outside, and somewhat villous towards the
apex within. Petals obovate or suborbicular, about I in.
long. Stamens half as long as the petals. Ovary densely
clothed with long hairs. Style clavicular or almost
filiform. Stigma somewhat capitate
Fig. 1, leaf and stipules; 2, vertical section of a flower, the petals removed ;
8 ancl 4, stamens ; 5, carpel ; 6, style : — all enlarged.
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BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.
CONTENTS OF No. 132, DECEMBER, 1915.
Tab. 8638.— FATSIA JAPONICA.
31
99
8639.— EUONYMUS OXYPHYLLUS.
8640.— IRIS BRACTEATA.
8641.— PRUNUS MAXIMOWTCZII.
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Tab. 8638
FATSIA japonica.
Japan
Araliaceae. Tribe Panaceae.
inch, ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen.
Fatsia japonica/Dcrce et Planch, in Bev. Hort. 1854, p. 105 ; III. Hort. vol. xvii.
p. 116, t. 22 (var. aureo -reticulata, Verschaf.) ; Franch. et Sav. Enum. PI.
Jap. vol. i. p. 194 ; Trans. Buss. Hort. Soc. 1863, p. 288, t. 146 ; Begel,
Gartenfl. 1863, p. 371, t. 420; Shirasaiva, Ic. Jap. vol. ii. t. 57, fig. 1-14 ;
a F. papyri/era, Benth. et Hook, f., paniculis puberulis (nee tomentosis),
capitulis majoribus et floribus saepissime pentameris differt.
Frutex 1-4-metralis, inermis ; caulis teres, inermis, foliatus. Folia petiolata,
7-9-loba, 12-30 cm. diametro, glabra, lobulis elliptico-lanceolatis vel
oblongis acuminatis serratis ; petiolus 10-30 cm. longus, basi latus vel
interdum vaginatus. Inflorescentia ex umbellis globosis, 2* 5-4* 5 cm.
diametro, pedunculis nonnunquam iterum divisis 2-10 cm. longis suffultis
in paniculas compact as dispositis composita ; rhachis et pedunculi puberuli ;
bracteae lanceolatae, acutae, reflexae. Flores saepissime pentameri, albo-
virides ; pedicelli circiter 1 cm. longi, minute puberuli. Calyx campanu-
latus, 5-costatus, 2' 5 mm. longus, lobi obsoletes. Pctala subpatentia,
ovata, apice apiculata, incurva et subsaccata, medio carinata, 3 mm. longa.
Filamenta glabra, circiter 4 mm. longa; antherae late oblongae, V6 mm.
longae. Discus convexus, verrucosus, 3-5 mm. latus ; styli 5, erecti, glabri,
■ 1 mm. longi, apice vix incrassati. Fructus globosus, • 7-0 • 8 cm. diametro.
—Aralia japonica, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 128; DC. Prodr. vol. iv. p. 2;;S ;
Sieb. et De Vriese, FL Jard. Pavs-Bas, 1858, p. 25, t. 2. A. SuboUlu,
C. Koch, Dendrol. vol. i. p. 678.— B. A. Bolfe.
The interesting Japanese Araliad now figured has
been known
It is the original
Aralia japonica of Thunberg, but was separated from the
genus Aralia by Decaisne and Planchon, when these
authors revised the Araliaceae, because of its different
floral structure. The name Fatsia, given by them to
the newly established genus, was bestowed owing its
being believed that the native name of our plant
is Fatsi. It is not certain, however, that this is
the case; according to Franchet and Savatier, the
Japanese name is more correctly written Iats'de. These
latter authors included in the genus a second species,
F. horrida, which is, however, better referred to Echiruh
December, 1915.
panax, Dene & Planch., and has for this reason been
figured as E. horridus at t. 8572 of this work. Another
species was added to the genus by Bentham and Hooker
as F. papyrifera ; this species, which has with justice
been transferred by C. Koch to the genus Tetrapanax,
has also found a place at t. 4697 of this work under its
older name Aralia papyrifera, Hook. The plant now
figured, which is thus the sole representative of its genus,
though a common feature in collections for over sixty
years, has chiefly been in use as a decorative plant in
conservatories. It is, however, hardy in the average
climate of Great Britain if it be given a sheltered
situation. Plants put out in 1891 have succeeded well in
the Bamboo Garden at Kew, and although they suffered
somewhat from the great frosts of February, 1895, they
were not destroyed, and that has been the only occasion
on which they appear to have been affected by cold. At
the same time this shrub is to be seen at its very best in
the gardens of our southern and western counties.
Flowering, as it does, in late autumn, its huge panicles
produce a particularly striking effect in October and
November, when there are few other plants in blossom.
If F. japonica can be afforded a position which is sheltered
from the sun during the middle of the day, it does better
than in more exposed situations. It likes a loamy soil,
and is increased by placing cuttings of a fairly firm
growth singly in pots plunged in a mildly heated pro-
pagating frame.
Description.— Shrub, 3-13 ft. high, unarmed ; stem
terete, without prickles, leafy. Leaves petioled, 7-9-lobed,
\} m ' Wlde * g labrous ; !ot>es elliptic-lanceolate or
oblong, acuminate, serrate; petiole 4-12 in. long, base
expanded and at times sheathing. Inflorescence a com-
pact panicle of globose umbels, each umbel 1-1 1 in.
across, with a peduncle, occasionally again branched,
3-4 m. long ; rachis and peduncles puberulous ; bracts
lanceolate, acute, reflexed. Flowers usually 5-merous,
greemsh-white ; pedicels about !. in. long, finely pube-
rulous. Calyx campanulate, 5-ribbed, T \r in. long, the
lobes obsolete. Petals somewhat spreading, ovate,
apiculate incurved and slightly saccate at the tip, keeled
•
along the middle, } in. long.
Filaments glabrous, about
7
in. long ; anthers wide-oblong,
i
in.
long.
Disk
convex, verrucose, -|-^ in. wide ; styles 5, erect, glabrous,
very short and very slightly thickened at the tip. Fruit
globose, about J in. across.
Fig. 1, bract ; 2, flower-bud ; 3, an expanded flower ; 4 and 5, stamens seen
from the aide and from behind ; 6, ovary and styles : — all enlarged.
8639
M.&del.JKB nlil;
VinoentBro.oks.Dajr*- bnLtf
L.Reeve &C° London
Tab. 8639
EUONYMUS OXYPHYLLUS.
Japan and Corea
Celastraceae. Tribe Celastreae.
Euonymus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 360
Euonymus oxyphyllus, Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. vol. ii. p. 86 ;
Maxim. Mel. Biol. vol. xi. p. 187; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc.j Bot
vol. xxiii. p. 121 ; Shirasawa, Ess. For. Jap. p. 104, t. 64 ; Koehne in
Mitteil. Dcutsch. Dendr. Ges. 1906, p. 63 ; ab E. latifolio, Scop., cui sub
anthesi similis, fructibus haud lobatis distinguitur.
Frutex, vel arbor ad 7 m. alta trunco 3 dm. diametro. Gemmae hibernae
ovoideo-fusiformes, acutae, circiter 05 cm. longae. Bami patentes ;
ramuli annotini viridi-brunnei, nitiduli, hornotini herbacei, virides, torsione
internodiorum pseudo-distichi. Folia ovato-oblonga, acuminata, subacuta,
basi rotundata vel obtusa, 4*5-8 cm. longa, 2'5-6'5 cm. lata, tenuiter
chartacea, opaca, supra nervo medio leviter elevato venulis indistinctis,
subtus pallida nervis et venulis perdistinctis ; petioli 3-5 mm. longi.
Dichasia in axillis foliorum inferiorum ramulorum homotinorum orta, bis
vel ter furcata; pedunculus 3 '5-5* 5 cm. longus; pedicelli 5-6 mm. longi.
Flores pentameri, 8-9 mm. diametro. Calyx 4' 5 mm. diametro; sepala
transverse elliptica ; petala suborbicularia, luride purpureo-viridia. Discus
quinquelobus, crassus, viridis. Stamina umbonibus disci affixa ; fil amenta
0*2 mm. longa, basi articulata; antherae in alabastro inflexae, late reni-
formes, thecis lateralibus apice perfecte confluentibus rima contmua
dehiscentibus sub anthesi erecti, post dehiscentiam patelliformes, 0*5 mm.
diametro. Ovarium in disco immersum, 5-loculare; stigma subsessile,
capitatum, 0*6 mm. diametro; ovula pro loculo bina, pendula. Capsula
carminea, depresso-globosa, saepius 3-4-sperma. Semma in anllo cocctneo
apice imbricatim quinquelobato omnino inclusa, circiter 4 mm. longa.
T. A. Spbague.
The Spindle-tree which we figure here is one which
appears to be common in Japan and extends into Corea
without, however, occurring in China. It has very much
the appearance of the European Euonymus tatifohus,
Scop., and in flower might be mistaken for that plant.
Its fruits differ, however, in being unlobed, and thus
serve to distinguish it. The plant of E. oxyphyllus from
which the material for our plate has been obtained was
received at Kew from the Arnold Arboretum in 1895.
It is perfectly hardy and thrives well in a loamy soil.
Like its European ally it is a small tree, at present eight
to ten feet in height, very graceful in habit and extremely
pFCEMBF.R, 19J5.
attractive in September, when its branches are laden
with brilliantly coloured fruits pendulous on long slender
stalks. Each seed is completely enveloped in a fleshy
scarlet imbricately five-lobed aril] us. These seeds are
produced in abundance and render its propagation easy.
■
Description.— Shrub or small tree, in the wild state
reaching 25 ft. in height with a trunk 1 ft. in diameter ;
winter-buds ovoid -fusiform, acute, about -} in. long;
branches spreading ; twigs of the previous season greenish-
brown, polished ; of the present season herbaceous, green.
Leaves assuming a distichous position from a twisting
of the internodes, ovate-oblong, acuminate, subacute,
rounded or almost truncate at the base, lf-3 in. long,
1-li in. wide, thinly papery, dull, midrib slightly raised
above, venation indistinct, paler beneath with nerves
and venation very distinct ; petiole f-J in. long. Dichasia
2-3 times forked, arising in the axils of the lower
leaves of the shoots of the previous year; peduncle
h~ 2 4 m- long ; pedicels £-J in. long. Flowers 5-merous,
about i m. across. Calyx J in. across; sepals trans-
versely elliptic. Petals suborbicular, greenish-purple.
Jhsk 5-lobed, thick, green. Stamens attached to the
disk-lobes; filaments T V in. long, jointed at the base;
anther mflexed in bud, wide reniform, cells lateral
quite confluent at the tip, and opening by a continuous
chink; m flower erect, after dehiscing patelliform.
Ovary sunk m the disk, 5-locular; stigma subsessile,
capitate ; ovules 2 in each cell, pendulous. Capsule
carmine depressed-globose, usually 3-4-seeded. Seeds
o?SP 1 G i y u^ Vel0 ? ed in a scarlet arill us which is imbri-
cately 5-lobed at the tip, about J in. Ion*.
4, kLtedb^X V° T T fr0m which the anthera have f a"en ; 3, stamen ;
wi h arillus h\A I ? a +1 fl ° Wer ; 5 ' seed enclos ^ in its arillus ; 6, the same,
with arillu, laid open ; 7, the same, with arillus removed :-all enlarged.
8640
1 £J ¥
Mi -IN.I5tch.1ith
Vincent Brooks,Day &SonU&mp
LfReeve &_C ^London.
Tab. 8640.
IRIS BRACTEATA
Oregon*
Iridaceae. Tribe Irideae.
Iris, Li?in.; Benth. et Hook* f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 686
Iris bracteata, 8. Watson in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. xx. (1885), p. 375 et in
Garden and Forest, 1888, p. 43, fig. 8 ; Dykes in Gard. Chron. 1912,
vol. Iii. p. 338, fig. 148, et Genus Iris, p. 38 ; affinis I. Purdyi, Eastw., sed
pedicello longo, perianthii tubo brevi infundibuliformi, foliis cum quoque
turione paucioribus distincta.
Herba rhizomate gracili oblique descendente cataphyllorum residuis induratis
dense obtecto. Turiones foliigeri basi cataphyllis firmis brunneis imbri-
catis ovatis vel oblongis acutis tecti. Folia circiter 4, quorum duo valde
abbreviata, fere tota longitudine vaginantia, tertium praecedente fere duplo
longius ad f vaginans, summum ad 40 cm. longum non nisi ima basi
vaginans, exteriora basi purpurascentia, caeterum viridia, omnia linearia
acuta, majora ad 8-9 mm. lata, uno latere viridia, altero subglauea vel
paulo pallidiora laevia, nervis tenuibus prominentibus primariis circiter
8-10. Caules florentes ad spatharum bases 10-15 cm. alti, basi cata-
phyllis more turiorum obtecti ; cataphylla in folia ad vaginas 4-8 cm. longas
redacta circiter 3 abeuntia. Spathae lanceolatae, acuininatae, 5-6 cm. longae,
virides, anguste membranaceo-marginatae, tenuiter carinatae. Flores 2 ;
pedicelli 4-5 cm. longi. Perigonii tubus inf undibuliformis, 5-6 mm. longus ;
segmenta exteriora limbo oblongo-ovato patulo 3*5 cm. longo 2 cm. lato
luteo nervis 4 brunneo-purpureis exterioribus marginem versus venas eodem
colore emittentibus eximie ornato sensim in unguem latiusculum 1 * 5 cm.
longum abeunte; segmenta interiora erecta, limbo oblongo obtuso, in
unguem angustum attenuata, tota lutea. Antherae luteae, 14 mm. longae ;
filamenta brevia, pilosula. Ovarium oblongum, 1-1 ' 5 cm. longum ; styli
rami lati, lineares, crista majuscula subquadrata, lobis subcrenulatis ;
stigma late triangulare. Capsula oblonga, teres. Scmina cubico-cuneata.
O. Stapf.
The subject of our plate, Iris bracteata, has been in
cultivation in the Iris Collection at Kew for a consider-
able number of years, and the material for our figure
has been obtained from one of the oldest plants therein.
The species was discovered in 1884 by Mr. T. Howell, of
Arthur, Oregon, in the Walds and Dear Greek Mountains
of Josephine County close to the southern boundary of
the state, where it flowers in the latter part of April and
in May. Under the cultural treatment suitable for most
species of Iris it thrives well in this country, flowering a
fortnight later than it does in its native habitat.
December, 1915.
According to Mr. S. Watson, the veining of the falls, so
marked a feature in the plants grown in England, is not
a constant character, while Mr. Dykes in his monograph
of the genus Iris points out that under cultivation in
this country, various colour varieties or hybrids have
appeared in which the yellow of the flowers in the wild
plant has been replaced by red, almost crimson ; in this
case, however, the veining has persisted. Owing to the
laxly branched rhizome 1. bracteata is of somewhat scanty
growth, the leaf -tufts and flowering stems coming up in
a scattered fashion. The lowermost leaves just above
the scales are reduced to the sheathing portion and only
one, or occasionally perhaps two of the leaves belonging
to a tuft are of the normal Iris type. Mr. S. Watson
has pointed out that the stomata of the leaves are in
this species confined to the pale side of the leaf.
Description.—//^, with a slender branching obliquely
descending rootstock which is closely covered by the
hardened remains of the firm bud-scales; leafy tufts clothed
at the base by fresh firm brown imbricate scales. Leaves
about four to each tuft, usually only one fully developed ;
the two outermost very much reduced and sheathing
almost throughout, the third about twice as long as the
basal sheathing for two-thirds of its length, the upper-
most fully developed leaf sheathing at the base only and
reaching 1J-4J ft. in length ; all linear, acute, the la
about F in. wide, all green on one side, paler green or
somewhat glaucous on the other, main-nerves about
» 7 10, slender but distinct. Stems with flowers 4-6 in.
High to the bases of the spathes, clothed below with
scales like those of the leafy tufts, the uppermost scales
passing into leaves, usually 3 in number, which are
reduced to sheaths 1J-3 in. long. Spathes lanceolate,
acuminate, 2-2$ m. long, green, with thin membranous
margins, slightly keeled along the centre behind. Flowers
t V Pe o 1C o 1 - 1 *~ 2 in * long * Perianth with a funnel-shaped
tube j-2 ? in. long; outer segments with an oblong-
ovate, spreading limb about 1J in. long and f in. wide
gradually narrowed to a wide claw about § in. long,
yelJow with 4 brownish-purple, longitudinal veins of
wnicn the outer pair give off numerous lateral branches
g
*
of the same colour that pass obliquely outwards
the
margin
g
limb oblone. obtuse
&
contracted to a narrow claw, uniformly yell
yellow, over J in. long ; filaments i
A nth
oblong
■5"
2
3"
111.
g
with a distinct subquadrat
stigma wide-triang
somewhat cubical,
Cap
ghtly hairy,
e-arms broad, linear,
and crenulate lobes ;
oblong, terete. Seeds
Fig. 1 and 2, stamens ; 3, stigma : — all enlarged.
8641
»
M.5.delJ.N.Fitchlith
^ncent Brooks, Day &Son 1
LReeve&C? London.
Tab. 8641.
PRUNUS Maximowiczii.
North-eastern Asia.
Bosaceae. Tribe Prune ae.
Prunus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 609
Primus Maximowiczii, Bupr. in Bull. Acad. Petersb. vol. xv. p. 131 (1857) ;
Sargent in Gard. and For. vol. vi. fig. 31, et For. Fl. Jap. t. 12 ; C. K.
Schneider in Handb. der Laubholzk. vol. i. p. 620 ; Shirasawa, Ic. Jap. vol.
ii. t. 30, figs. 1-9 ; Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 243 ; species e grege
Mahaleb ob bracteas foliaceas insignis P. szechuanicae, Batalin, proxime
accedens sed inflorescentia nequaquam umbelliforme pedunculo elongato
pedicellis brevioribus bracteis inconspicue glandulosis apte distinguenda.
Arbor 6-9-metralis, coma patula, ramulis hornotinis pallide hirsutis annotinis
glabrescentibus cinereo-fuscis. Folia ovata, elliptica vel obovata,
acuminata, basi cuneata vel rotundata, margine irregulariter duplo-serrata,
3 '5-10 cm. longa, 2-3*5 cm. lata, opaca, supra glabra vel parce pubescentia,
subtus pubescentia praesertim secus costam nervosque ; petiolus villosus,
eglandulosus, 0*6-1 '4 cm. longus ; stipulae lineares, serratae, pubescentes,
6-8 mm. longae. Bacemi corymbosi, 2*5-5 cm. lati, saepius 5-8-flori, in
ramulos foliaceos abbreviatos insidentes ; bracteae conspicuae, foliaceae,
concavae, rotundatae vel ovatae, serratae, nonnunquam glandulosae, plus
minusve pubescentes, 6-9 mm. longae; pedunculi villosi, 0*6-1*8 cm,
longi. Flores 1'2-1*5 cm. lati. Calyx villosus, basi campanulatus,
5-lobus ; lobi glanduloso-serrati, 3 mm. longi. Petala 5, concava, orbicularia,
6 mm. lata, primum alba, demum puniceo-suffusa. Stamina numerosa ;
antherae luteae. Ovarium ovoideum, glabrum; stylus gracilis; stigma
capitatum. Fructus globosus, nitidus, suberectus, primum ruber, demum
niger, 0*6 cm. latus. — W. J. Bean.
Prunus Maximowiczii belongs to the MahaUb section of
the cherries, but is distinguished from the other cultivated
species of that group by the conspicuous foliaceous bracts
on the inflorescence. It is closely allied to P. szeckuanica,
Batalin, a species probably not in cultivation, which
differs by its subumbellate inflorescence, its much shorter
peduncle but longer pedicels and by its conspicuously
glandular bracts very villous beneath. Originally
discovered in Eastern Manchuria and described by
Ruprecht in 1857, P. Maximowiczii has since been found
in Japan, Sachalin and Corea. It did not reach this
country until 1895 when it was sent to Kew by Prof.
Sargent from the Arnold Arboretum, to which estabhsh-
December, 1915.
merit he had introduced it from Japan three years
previously. It has succeeded very well and proved to
be quite hardy, forming a small tree of neat shape.
The material used in the preparation of our plate was
kindly supplied by Mr. T. Smith from his well known
nursery at Newry, where the tree apparently bears fruit
more freely than it does at Kew. There is some varia-
tion in the degree of pubescence on the leaves. On
Mr. Smith's plant it is almost confined to the midrib and
veins beneath, but on one grown in the Kew collection
the leaves are softly villous beneath. The glands on the
teeth of the bracts and calyx-lobes also vary in their
frequency and size. The foliage of this cherry turns a
fine red colour before falling in both Japan and North
America, but, owing probably to our duller skies, has not
shown this quality with us.
Description.— Tree, 20-30 ft. high, of spreading
habit, young shoots clothed with pale hairs the first
season, glabrescent and greyish-brown the second.
Leaves ovate, oval, or obovate, cuneate to rounded at
the base, shortly acuminate, irregularly and doubly
serrate; 1J-4 in. long, j-1} in. wide; dull green,
glabrous or slightly pubescent above, pubescent beneath
especially on the midrib and veins; petiole villous,
eglandular, i-f in. long ; stipules linear, serrate, 4-4 in.
g, pubescent. Bactrim corymbose, 1-2 in. wide,
sually 5-8-flowered, produced on short leafy shoots.
Bracts conspicuous, foliaceous, concave, roundish to
ovate, serrate, sometimes glandular, pubescent (some-
times slightly), f-4 in. long. Peduncle and pedicels
villous, the latter up to § in. long. Flowers j-| in. wide,
opening in May. Calyx villous, with a campanulate base
and five lanceolate, glandular-serrate lobes \ in. long.
Petals 5, concave, orbicular, \ in. wide, at first white,
becoming pinkish before falling. Stamens numerous,
anthers yellow; ovary and style glabrous. Fruit
globose, I in. wide, shining, at first red, then black, more
or less erect.
Fig. 1, flower and bract, the petals removed; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, pistil;
5, young fruit; 6, stone of ripe fruit :— all enlarged.
INDEX
To Vol. XL of the Fourth Series, or Vol. CXLI
of the whole Work.
8607 Acanthopanax leucorrhizum.
8621 Alpinia mutica.
8611 Amelanchier florida.
8636 Anemone obtusiloba, forma
patula.
8613 Aristolochia longecaudata.
8600 Cirrhopetalum Eletcheri-
anum.
8633 Clematis uncinata, forma
retusa.
8623 Corylus mandshurica.
8594 Cotoneaster pannosa.
8616 Dorstenia yambuyaensis.
8617 Echium Perezii.
8592 Encephalartos Hilde-
brandtii.
8593 Encephalartos Hilde-
brandtii.
8599 Eugenia uniflora.
8639 Euonymus oxyphyllus.
8638 Fatsia japonica.
8609 Gentiana barbata, var.
grandiflora.
8630 Gentiana graeilipes.
8626 Gladiolus Melleri.
8614 Hippeastrum Elwesii.
8640 Iris bracteata.
Iris Urumovii.
8603 Lotus campylocladus, forma
villosior.
8619 Meconopsis Pratfcii.
8595b Mesembryantbemum sty-
losum.
8595a Mesembryanthemum the-
catum.
8628 Metrosideros diffusa.
8597 Mormodes tigrinum.
8527 Ornithoboea Lacei.
8615 Phelipaea foliata.
8602 Pinguicula gypsicola.
8618 Polystachya paniculata.
8625 Populus lasiocarpa.
8637 Potentilla davurica, var.
Veitcbii.
8606 Primula Miyabeana.
8612 Primula pycnoloba.
8631 Promenaea microptera.
8641 Prunus Maximowiezii.
8629 Pyrus yunnanensis.
8634 Ehododendron carneum
8620
8605
>>
}f
concinnum.
Davidsoni-
anum.
8598 Ehododendron moupinense
8622
8601
>>
if
Souliei.
stamineum.
8624 Senecio glastifolius.
8635 Sievekingia Shepheardii.
8632 Streptocarpus denticulata.
8604
8596
Thunbergia Gibsonii.
Tillandsia regina.
8610 Zygopetalum Prainianum.
Open Library