CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
HERBARIUM
VOLUME 24
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN
7 FEBRUARY 2005
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
HERBARIUM
VOLUME 24
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN
7 FEBRUARY 2005
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
HERBARIUM
ISSN 0091-1860
Copyright 2005
University of Michigan Herbarium
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Volume 24
Editor: Christiane Anderson
For information about the availability and prices of previous volumes of the
Contributions, consult the Herbarium website: http://herbarium.Isa.umich.edu
or write to: Publications, University of Michigan Herbarium, 3600 Varsity Drive,
Ann Arbor 48108-2287, U.S.A.
7 February 2005
CONTENTS
Galphimia (Malpighiaceae) in South America CHRISTIANE ANDERSON 1
Two new species of Galphimia (Malpighiaceae), and a key
to the Mexican species with deciduous petals CHRISTIANE ANDERSON 13
Pterandra viridiflora (Malpighiaceae), a new species from Brazil
HRISTIANE ANDERSON 21
Heteropterys oxenderi, a new name for Mascagnia discolor (Malpighiaceae )
WILLIAM R. ANDERSON pes)
Tetrapterys anomala, a new species of Malpighiaceaefrom Guyana
WILLIAM R. ANDERSON pe,
The Mascagnia cordifolia group (Malpighiaceae)
WILLIAM R. ANDERSON AND CHARLES C. Davis 33
Transfer of Macagnia leticiana to Malpighia (Malpighiaceae)
WILLIAM R. ANDERSON AND CHARLES C. Davis 45
Catalog of Honduran Acanthaceae with taxonomic and phytogeographic notes
THOMAS F. DANIEL 51
Eleocharis ignota (Cyperaceae), a new species from Western Mexico
M. S. GONZALEZ-ELIZONDO AND A.A. REZNICEK — 109
A new endemic species for Puerto Rico: Dendrophthora bermejae (Viscaceae)
J. Kuut,T. A. CARLO, AND J.E. AUKEMA — 115
Type specimens of vascular plants in the Herbarium of the Instituto Politecnico
Nacional in Durango, Mexico (CIIDIR)
I. L. LopeEz-ENnriQuez, M. S. GONZALEZ-ELIZONDO,
AND M. GONZALEZ-ELIZONDO —119
Marcus E. Jones in Mexico, 1892 RoGers McVAuGH — 127
New Euphorbiaceae from Mexico. II. VicroR W.STEINMANN — 173
Gazetteer of some possibly puzzling collecting localities for Michigan plants
Epwarp G.Voss 189
Scinaia acuta, a new name proposed for Scinaia australis (Rhodophyta)
MICHAEL J. WYNNE = 227
Two new species of Bryopsis (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta) from the Sultanate of
Oman, with a census of currently recognized species in the genus
MICHAEL J. WYNNE = 229
: po _ a oe > 7 e a ot ee
an —_ = 7 7 :
2 en
_ an 2
- >
; 5
°
7
; he
7
-
:
a : |
ee Wee ee
re rr ne
“SS
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 1-12. 2005.
GALPHIMIA (MALPIGHIACEAE) IN SOUTH AMERICA
Christiane Anderson
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
Apsstract. A revision of the South American species of Galphimia (Malpighiaceae) is presented.
Four species, G. amambayensis, G. australis, G. brasiliensis, and G. platyphylla, are recognized. Full descrip-
tions, a key, and two maps are provided. Each taxon is illustrated. One new species, G. amambayensis, is
proposed.
Galphimia (Malpighiaceae) includes large herbs and shrubs characterized by yel-
low petals and a schizocarpic fruit separating into three cocci. The calyx lacks the oil
glands found in most genera of New World Malpighiaceae; however, in some species
of Galphimia a small gland, which resembles the leaf glands, is borne at the base of
the sinus of some or all adjacent sepals (Castro et al. 2001). Most of the ca. 20 species
of the genus occur in Mexico, adjacent Texas, and northern Central America, but the
remainder are found in South America, south of the Amazon Basin. The Mexican
species may be assigned to one of three groups defined by details of the inflores-
cence and flower. In two, the flowers are large and borne on a pedicel subtended by
a peduncle; in one group the petals are deciduous, in the other they are persistent.
The third group includes two species most similar in overall aspect to the South
American taxa: the petioles are very short (mostly less than 1 cm long), the peduncle
is rudimentary or absent, and the flowers are small (the petals deciduous).
Three species of Galphimia have been proposed for South America: G. australis
Chodat, G. brasiliensis (L.) Adr. Juss., and G. platyphylla Chodat; however, most bota-
nists have followed Niedenzu (1914, 1928), who recognized only one polymorphic
species, G. brasiliensis, comprising several varieties and forms. A recent review of the
South American collections of Galphimia showed them to belong to four species.
Galphimia brasiliensis occurs in northeastern Brazil (Paraiba, Pernambuco, Piaui,
and Bahia). The variable G. australis ranges from central Brazil to western Bolivia,
southern Paraguay, Uruguay, and adjacent Argentina, and the closely related G.
platyphylla is found in eastern Paraguay and adjacent Brazil. The material from east-
ern Paraguay included one collection that represents a species here newly described,
G. amambayensis. The relationships of the South American taxa with the Mexican
ones can be addressed only after a review of the entire genus. The taxonomy of the
South American species is presented here as an aid to current floristic projects.
A key to the four species is presented below; however, they are quickly separated
by geography and obvious morphological characters. Only G. brasiliensis occurs in
northeastern Brazil, and has strigose vesture, composed of hairs with a persistent
tuberculate base, and uniformly velutinous ovaries/fruits. Galphimia amambayensis
occurs within the range of the widespread G. australis and near to that of G. platy-
phylla; it differs by its tomentose sepals and inflorescences, and partly velutinous
ovaries/fruits; the sepals and ovaries/fruits of G. australis and G. platyphylla are
glabrous. As the specific epithet implies, G. platyphylla differs from G. australis in its
much broader leaves (length/width ratio 1.2-2.3 (—3) vs. (2-) 2.5—7 (-9).
Z CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF GALPHIMIA IN SOUTH AMERICA
—
Sepals abaxially tomentose or patchily so; ovary and fruit velutinous along the sutures and on the
proximal 2/3—3/4 of the surface, the distal 1/3-1/4 glabrous; Paraguay (Amambay).
—
G. amambayensis
. Sepals glabrous or with scattered hairs near the base and/or with a tuft of hairs at the apex; ovary
and fruit glabrous or uniformly velutinous.
Ovary and fruit velutinous; sepals usually with a tuft of hairs at the apex: petioles 3-10 mm
long, strigose with the hairs mostly borne on tubercles, or in older leaves only the persistent
tubercles remaining; peduncles present, 0.4—2 (-3) mm long; Brazil (Bahia, Parafba, Pernam-
buco, and adjacent Piauf). G. brasiliensis
. Ovary and fruit glabrous; sepals ere glabrous; petioles 1.5—6 mm long, glabrous; peduncles
absent or rudimentary, sometimes to 1.5 (-2.5) mm long
3. Laminas linear to ican laneepinte to lanceolate to narrowly elliptical, (0.5—) 1-2.5 (—3.3)
cm wide, length/width ratio (2—) 2.57 (-9); pedicels tomentulose or with scattered hairs or
sometimes glabrous; sepals 2.5—3.5 (4) mm long, 1—-1.8 mm wide; petal limb 3-5 m m long;
cocci 3—3.8 mm long; ie tase throughout southern Brazil, western Uruguay, Paraguay,
and adjacent Bolivia and Argentina. 5. australis
y Be elliptical, broadly lanceolate, ovate to broadly ovate, occasionally suborbicular
S-) 2-4 em wide, length/width ratio 1.2-2.3 (-3); pedicels glabrous; sepals 4-5.7 mm
lone: 2-2.5 mm wide; petal limb 7-8.5 mm long; cocci 4-5 mm long; Paraguay (Amambay,
Caaguazu, Canendiyu) and adjacent Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul), G. platyphylla
i)
Go
Galphimia amambayensis C. Anderson, sp. nov.—Typr: ParAGuay. Amambay: 30 km
al N del cruce Bellavista y Pedro Juan Caballero, en matorral, 11 Feb 1982.
Fernandez Casas & Molero 6190 (holotype: NY!; isotype: MO!). Fig. 1.
Suffrutex. Laminae 4.5-6.5 cm longae, 1.5-2.8 cm latae, ellipticae, sparse pubes-
centes demum glabrescentes, margine integra, glandulis 0.4-0.5 mm diametro, ses-
silibus; petioli 3.5-6 mm longi; stipulae 4-4.5 mm longae. Inflorescentia racemosa,
tomentosa. Petala decidua, subaequalia, ungue ca. 2 mm longo, limbo 5—5.5 mm longo,
44.5 mm lato, late triangulari. Antherae ca. 1.3 mm longae. Ovarium velutinum
proximaliter, suturis pubescentibus distaliter; styli subaequales, 5.5-6.5 mm long.
Cocci ca. 4.5 mm longi.
Subshrubs to 0.6 m; stems tomentose when young, becoming glabrous in age.
Vesture of crisped or curled, reddish brown hairs 0.3-0.7 mm long, except straight
and appressed on the laminas. Laminas of the larger leaves 4.5-6.5 cm long, 1.5-2.8
cm wide, elliptical or narrowly so, apex apiculate, base acute, adaxially and abaxially
sparsely pubescent when young, mostly glabrous when mature but sometimes with
some scattered hairs remaining, costa prominent abaxially, the secondary veins barely
prominulous or not evident; margin entire; petioles 3.5-6 mm long, glabrous; leaf
glands a pair borne on the margin near the base of the lamina or to 6 mm above it.
each gland 0.4-0.5 mm in diameter, circular and flush with the margin: stipules 44.5
mm long, 0.7-1 mm wide, linear. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, the axes densely
tomentose, glabrescent in age; peduncles absent or rudimentary, pedicels 46.5 mm
long, densely tomentose; bracts 2.5-3.5 mm long, 0.7—-0.8 mm wide, linear, bracteoles
.2—1.5 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm wide, linear, bracts and bracteoles abaxially tomentulose.
Sepals 3.5—5 mm long, 1.3—-1.5 mm wide, narrowly elliptical, abaxially tomentulose
or patchily so, glands absent. Petals deciduous, subequal (?), yellow, becoming red
in age, abaxially sprinkled with hairs on the claw and on the limb on and adjacent 2
the midrib, or sometimes glabrous; claw ca. 2 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm wide, limb 5-5
mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, broadly triangular, base acute. Stamens with ess
filaments but subequal anthers; filament opposite anterior sepal 3.5-4 mm long,
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN SOUTH AMERICA 3
FIG. 1. Galphimia amambayensis. a. Leaf. b. Detail of lamina showing marginal gland. c. Portion of
inflorescence. d. Opening bud borne on pedicel, with portion of inflorescence axis. e. Petal, abaxial view. f.
Gynoecium. g. Coccus, abaxial view. Scale bar = a, 4 cm; b, 8 mm; c, 2 cm; d-g, 4 mm. (Based on Fernandez
Casas & Molero 6190.)
filaments opposite anterior-lateral petals 4-4.5 mm long, filaments opposite anterior-
lateral sepals 3.5-4 mm long, filaments opposite posterior-lateral petals 4. 5-5 mm
long, filaments opposite posterior-lateral sepals 3.8-4.3 mm long, filament opposite
posterior petal 4.8-5.2 mm long; anthers ca. 1.3 mm long. Ovary velutinous, but in
the distal 1/3 only on the sutures and adjacent to them and glabrous on the surface;
styles subequal (?), 5.5-6.5 mm long. Cocci ca. 4.5 mm long, ca. 3 mm in diameter,
velutinous like the ovary but glabrescent in age.
Galphimia amambayensis is known only from the type collection from eastern
Paraguay (Fig. 5). It is readily separated from the other three species by its dense
tomentum on the calyx and inflorescence axes. The leaves are sparsely pubescent
on both surfaces when young. The ovary is velutinous in a distinctive pattern: the
vesture is present along the sutures but on the surfaces only in the proximal 2/3-3/4.
In the type collection most of the petals are abaxially sprinkled with hairs but a few
are apparently glabrous, though in these instances the hairs may have been broken
off. Such petal pubescence occurs sporadically in some species of Malpighiaceae that
usually have glabrous petals, and only additional collections of G. amambayensis can
resolve whether pubescent petals are indeed characteristic of this species.
Galphimia australis Chodat, Arch. Sci. Phys. Nat., sér. 3, 24: 500. 1890. Galphimia
brasiliensis var. australis (Chodat) Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot. Genéve, sér. 2, 9:
96, 1917.—TypE: PARAGUAY. Guaird: Prairies de Cosme, entre Villa Rica et
Caaguazt, Nov 1874, Balansa 2393 (lectotype, here designated: G!; isolec-
totypes: K! P!).
Galphimia brasiliensis var. pubescens Adr. Juss. in A. St.-Hil., Fl. bras. merid: 3:
72. 1833 [1832”].—Tyre: BRraziL. Rio Grande do Sul: ad ripas Uruguay
juxta vicum S.-Francisco de Borja [Sao Borja], Feb, St. Hilaire C2, 2495bis
(holotype: P!).
4 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Galphimia australis f. angustifolia Chodat, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéve o1( 223) 25,
alphimia brasiliensis f. angustifolia (Chodat) Nied., Arbeiten Bot.
Inst. K6nigl. Lyceum Hosianum Braunsberg 5: 22. 1914.—Typr: PARAGUAY:
Guaira: paturage d’Itangu, prés de Villa-Rica, 17 Feb 1876, Balansa 2394
(holotype: G!). Fig. 2.
Subshrubs or suffrutescent herbs to | m. Laminas of the larger leaves 2.5—7 (-8) cm
long, (0.5—) 1-2.5 (3.3) cm wide, length/width ratio 2.5—7 (9), linear to linear-lanceolate
to lanceolate to narrowly elliptical, apex apiculate, base acute; glabrous adaxially and abaxi-
ally, costa prominent abaxially, the secondary veins barely prominulous or not evident; mar-
gin entire; petioles (1.5—) 2-6 mm long, glabrous; leaf glands borne on the margin near the
base of the lamina or to 0.8 cm above it, usually a pair, or sometimes with | or 2 additional
glands, or sometimes only | gland or the glands absent, each gland 0.2—0.5 mm in diameter,
circular, flush with the margin or prominent or sometimes with a stalk to 0.5 mm high; stip-
ules (1.5—) 24.2 (5) mm long, 0.5—1 mm wide, linear. Inflorescence a terminal raceme,
the axes mostly tomentulose during anthesis, becoming glabrate in age, sometimes glabrous
already at anthesis, sometimes the vesture retained in age; peduncles absent or rudimentary,
sometimes to 1.5 (2.5) mm long; pedicels 2-5 (-10) mm long, usually tomentulose or at
least with some scattered hairs but sometimes glabrous; bracts 1—5 (—7) mm long, 0.4—1.2
mm wide, linear to narrowly triangular, bracteoles 0.5—1.5 (-2) mm long, 0.2—0.5 (-0.7) mm
wide, linear, bracts and bracteoles abaxially glabrous. Sepals 2.5-3.5 (4) mm long, 1-1.8
mm wide, oblong, glabrous, glands 0.20.5 mm in diameter, sessile, mostly | but some-
times 2 glands borne in the sinus at the base of 2 sepals, or glands absent. Petals deciduous,
subequal, the posterior petal sometimes a little larger, yellow, becoming red in age; claw
|.3—1.5 (-1.7) mm long, limb 3—5 mm long, 2.5—4 mm wide, triangular-ovate, base acute to
truncate, apex obtuse. Stamens with heteromorphic filaments but subequal anthers; filament
opposite anterior sepal 2.5—3 (~3.4) mm long, filaments opposite anterior-lateral petals 2—2.3
(~2.5) mm long, filaments opposite anterior-lateral sepals 2.3-2.5 (-3) mm long, filaments
opposite posterior-lateral petals 1.8—-2 (2.5) mm long, filaments opposite posterior-lateral
sepals 2—2.3 (3) mm long, filament opposite posterior petal (1.8—) 2—2.2 (2.5) mm long;
anthers |—1.2 mm long. Ovary glabrous; styles subequal but the anterior two always a little
longer than the posterior one, anterior styles 3.84.6 (—5.2) mm long, posterior style 3.54.2
(—5) mm long. Cocci 3—3.8 mm long, 2-2.5 mm in diameter, glabrous.
Phenology. Collected in flower and fruit throughout the year.
Distribution (Fig. 3). Southern Brazil, adjacent Bolivia, Paraguay, northeastern Argen-
tina, western Uruguay; open woodlands and grasslands, cerrado, caatinga, campo limpo,
campo sujo, matorral, and secondary sites; 90-900 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Argentina. CorriENTES: Depto. Santo Tomé, Playadito 17 km W of
Apostoles, Anderson 12362 (CAS, MBM, MICH, NY); Depto. Santo Tomé, Ayo. Chimiray, Krapovickas
& Cristobal 25195 (CTES); Depto. Mercedes, Mercedes, a Ita Cora, Ayo. Pay-Ubre, Quarin & Gonzélez
2036 (CTES, ENCB); Depto. Berén de Astrada, 46 km W de Ita Ibaté, Valencia, Schinini 14017 (CTES,
F, MICH).—Entre Rios: Depto. Concordia, Parque Rivadavia, Burkart & Troncoso 27703 (NY); Depto.
Federaci6n, Santa Ana, barranca del Rio Uruguay, Burkart et al. 29359 (CTES, GH); Concepcién del Uru-
uay, Lorentz 563 (BM, F, G, GH, K).—Misiones: 9 km al NW de Concepcion de la Sierra, Krapovickas
eval. 15148 (C, CTES, MBM, MO, P, WIS); Depto. Caniguas, Puerto Rico, Montes 3995 (CTES, MICH);
Depto. Apostoles, Apéstoles, Xifreda & Maldonado 381 (MBM). Bolivia. SANTA Cruz: Proy. Velasco,
San Ignacio, 100 km N comunidad San Miguelito, Bruderreck 24 (CTES, NY); Prov. Nuflo de Chavez,
Embocada del Carmen, ca. 40 km SSW de Concepcién, 16°38'S, 62°26'W, Krapovickas & Schinini 32151
(CTES, F, MBM, MICH); Proy. Sandoval, San Matias, 16°21 'S, 58°26'W, Krapovickas & Schinini 36157
(CTES, MICH); Prov. Andrés Ibdfiez, Jardin Botanico de Santa Cruz, 12 km E of center of Santa Cruz on
road to Cotoca, Nee 44434 (NY); Prov. Sara, lomerfa de Buena Vista, Steinbach 7370 (A, BM, F, G, GOET,
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN SOUTH AMERICA 5
FIG. 2. Galphimia australis. a. Habit. b. Node with stipules and basal portions of leaves. c. Bud borne
on pedicel, with portion of inflorescence axis; note calyx glands. d. Flower and detail showing petal apex.
e. Distal portions of stamens, abaxial (left) and adaxial (right) views. f. Gynoecium. g. Style apex. h. Fruit
subtended by calyx and filaments. i. Coccus, abaxial view. j. Coccus, adaxial view. k. Seed. 1. Embryo. Scale
bar = a,4 cm; b,8 mm;c, f,4 mm; d, 5 mm (apex 4 mm); e, 2.3 mm; g, 0.4 mm; hj, 5 mm;k, 1, 2.8 mm. (Based
on: a-g, Schinini 14017; h-1, Krapovickas & Schinini 32151.)
6 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
7
G. australis |
an
80° 70° 60° 50° 40° 30°
FIG. 3. Distribution of Galphimia australis.
MO,S). Brazil. Go1As: Mpio. Caldas Novas, 12 km due W of the city of Caldas Novas, Heringer & Eiten
14190 (HB, K, MO, SP, UB); BR-158, 5 km SE de Aragareas, pa Ge & Cristobal 42948 (K, MBM,
MICH).—Mato Grosso: Oasis, 47 km E de Caceres, BR-070, Km 680, Serra das Araras, Krapovickas et
al. 40260 Venn Mpio. Cuiaba, Rod. BR-070, Contorno Sul, See 55660 (MBM).—Maro Grosso
bo Sut: Mpio. Campo Grande, Rio Anhandui, Hatschbach 21813 (MBM); Mpio. Rio Brilhante, as
BR-267, hehe gee Hatschbach 25071 (MBM); Bela Vista, 10-15 km O, Hatschbach 49160 (BR
S); Mpio. Porto Murtinho, Rod. Bonito—-Campo dos Indios, Fazenda Agua Doce, Hatschbach et 7
74009 (MICH): Mpio. Rio Verde, base see de la Serra Alegre, ca. 20 km N de Rio Verde, Krapovickas
29878 (CTES).—Minas Gerais: ca. 5 km SE of Paracatti, tls et ne 26193 (F, MICH, MO, NY); estrada
Santo Hipolito a Diamantina, Km 69, thee al. 3837 (M NY).—Parana: Ibaré opp., Moru
gava Ragas Dusén 17413 (GH, MO, S); K 7, Mpio. ao do Sul, Hatschbach 23123 (MBM,
MICH).—Rtio GRANDE DO Sut: BR-101, Km ‘6 ene Bonito, ca. 8 km SW de Torres, Krapovickas &
seas 3484 (CTES, MICH); I. A. S., Pelotas, Costa Sacco 407 (F, HB, NY).—Santa Catarina: Rod.
354, Mpio. Campos Novos, Poliquesi 495 (CEPEC, CTES, MBM, UB).—SAo Pau o: Dist.
bido Tu unior, |—2 km SW da Faculdade de Ciéncias Médicas e Biologicas de Botucatu, Gottsberger &
Campo 14-301072 (F, MBM, MICH, UB); Jales, Pastos de Retiro, Hoehne SPF13903 (MBM, RB). Para-
» ALTO Parana: Ea. Santa Elena, Pira Pyta, Schinini & Caballero M. 27152 (G, MICH).—AManmsay:
32 em SE de Bella Vista, Ayo. Negla, Schinini 21495 (F, G, MICH).—Caacuazu: Colonia Pindo, camino
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN SOUTH AMERICA 7
entre Itaquyry y Curuguati, 24°35'N, 55°20'W, Schinini & Caballero M. 30243 (MICH).—CANENDIvU: iter
ad Yerbales montium Sierra de Maracayt, in regione fluminis Corrientes, Hassler 4524 (BM, F, G, GH, K,
NY, W).—ConcerciOn: prope Concepcion, Hassler 7572 (BM, G, K, NY).—CorpiLtera: Piribebuy, Colonia
Pedro Pablo Caballero, Rojas 12731 (S, W).—Guaira: Iturbe, Montes 12595 (CTES, MICH).—Itapua:
Capitan Miranda, 4.2 km N del Hotel Tirol detras del Barrio CONAVI, Krapovickas & Cristébal 44463
(CTES, G, MICH).—Misiones: 16-17 km S de Santa Rosa, camino a General Delgado, Arbo et al. 6141 (G,
MICH).—NeeEmsucu: San Juan Bautista, Purvey 390 (CTES, MO).—Paracuart: National Park Ybycu'i,
NW corner of park along Arroyo Mina, 26°01'S, 56°46'W, Zardini & Tilleria 28962 (MO).—PRESIDENTE
Hayes: Primavera, Woolston 192 (NY,S). Uruguay. Paysanpu: Chapicuy, orillas del Rio Uruguay, Sta.
Sofia, Rosengurtt B-3278 1/2 (GH, MO, SP).
Galphimia australis is a widespread and variable species found from central Brazil to
Bolivia and eastern Argentina. It is distinguished by glabrous leaves borne on very short
petioles (to 6 mm long) and small flowers with a glabrous calyx and ovary. Although the
youngest branchlets and inflorescence axes are pubescent, the vesture is soon shed and
the more mature parts are usually glabrate to glabrous. In specimens from Rio Grande do
Sul (Brazil) the vesture is retained in the racemes and leafy branches, and only the oldest
vegetative branches are essentially glabrous. This variant was named by Jussieu (1833)
and accepted by Niedenzu (1914, 1928) as G. brasiliensis var. pubescens. Such exceptional
populations with persistent vesture occur occasionally in other parts of the range as well
(e.g., Argentina, Lorentz 563, Entre Rios; Xifreda & Maldonado 381, Misiones) and are not
accorded taxonomic recognition here.
Throughout most of the range G. australis bears narrow laminas, ranging from linear
to linear-lanceolate to lanceolate to narrowly elliptical, that taper toward the apex and are
3-6 (-9) times as long as wide. Occasionally, some laminas on a specimen are only 2.5
times as long as wide. Chodat (1892) assigned specimens with very narrow leaves to his
forma angustifolia, based on Balansa 2394 from Paraguay. Schinini 14017 and Schinini
et al. 23447, both from Argentina, are two similarly narrow-leaved collections. In some
populations some of the leaves or sometimes even all are wider than usual, and approach the
leaf shape found in G. amambayensis and G. platyphylla (c.g., Hassler 4524, Hatschbach
25071, 49160, Krapovickas 29878, Krapovickas & Cristobal 25195). These variants match
G. australis in all other aspects.
Galphimia brasiliensis (L.) Adr. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire, Fl. bras. MeMG: 9/1 E839
[“1832”]. Thryallis brasiliensis L., Sp. pl., ed. 2, 2: 554. 1762.—TyPe: “Frutice-
scens herba pisonis. Margr. bras. 79. f. 3” [the illustration; p. 79, in Piso, G.:
De medicina brasiliensi, Marcgrave, G.: Historiae rerum naturalium brasiliae,
1648.
Galphimia brasiliensis var. pubescens f. ovata Nied., Arbeiten Bot. Inst. Konigl.
Lyceum Hosianum Braunsberg 5: 22. 1914.—T ype: BRazIL. Bahia: without
locality, 1830, Salzmann s.n. (lectotype, here designated: G!; isolectotypes:
O! P!).
Fig. 4.
Subshrubs and shrubs to 1.5 m, often sprawling and scrambling; stems pubescent
when young, becoming glabrous but often roughened by persistent tubercles. Ves-
ture of all vegetative parts of straight to wavy, light brown to white hairs, 0.3-0.8 mm
long, each hair borne on a persistent tubercle up to 0.25 mm high or the epidermis
only slightly raised at point of attachment. Laminas of the larger leaves 2—5 cm long,
1-3.8 cm wide, ovate or elliptical, apex apiculate or acute, base acute to truncate,
glabrous but often with a few scattered hairs on the abaxial costa and along the
margin near the base, costa prominent abaxially, secondary veins prominulous or
8 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. 4. Galphimia brasiliensis. a. Branch with inflorescence. b. Detail of lamina base, showing marginal
gland. c. Leaf. d. Petal. e. Stamen opposing posterior-lateral sepal (left) and stamen opposing posterior
petal (right); abaxial view. f. Gynoecium. g. Fruit, subtended by calyx and filaments, borne on pedicel and
peduncle, with portion of inflorescence axis. h. Coccus, lateral view. i. Coccus, adaxial view. Scale bar = a,
c,2 cm; b, 1 mm; d, h, i, 2.7 mm;e, f,2 mm; g,4 mm. (Based on: a, d-g, Anderson 11737; b,c, Harley 16312:
h,i, Blanchet 3904.)
barely so abaxially; margin entire or commonly with a few persistent tubercles near
the base; petioles 0.3—-1 cm long, tuberculate-strigose or only the tubercles remain-
ing; leaf glands borne on the margin, to 6 mm above the base of the lamina, usually a
pair, or sometimes with only 1 gland or the glands absent, each gland 0.1-0.3 mm in
diameter, disklike and prominent or sometimes drawn out into a tooth to 0.3 (-0.5)
mm long; stipules 1.5-2.7 mm long, 0.3-0.6 wide, linear or very narrowly triangular.
Inflorescence a terminal raceme, the axes tuberculate and strigose; peduncles 0.4—2
(-3) mm long, glabrate, pedicels 2.5-5.5 mm long, strigose; bracts 1.2-2 mm long,
0.40.5 mm wide, linear, bracteoles 0.5—0.8 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide, linear. Sepals
ca. 2.5 mm long, |—-1.1 mm wide, narrowly elliptical, glabrous or with scattered hairs
at the base, usually with a tuft of hairs at the apex, glands absent. Petals deciduous,
subequal but the posterior petal sometimes with a wider claw than the lateral ones,
yellow, often marked with red, becoming pink/red in age; claw 0.5—1 mm long, 0.4-0.5
mm wide, limb ca. 4 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, triangular-ovate, base acute. Stamens
with heteromorphic filaments but subequal anthers; filaments of stamens opposing
lateral sepals 3.2-3.3 mm long, of stamen opposing anterior sepal ca. 3.5 mm long,
filaments of stamens opposing petals subequal, ca. 2 mm long; anthers 0.7-0.8 mm
long, cylindrical. Ovary velutinous; styles subequal, 3.3-4.3 mm long. Cocci ca. 3.6 mm
long, ca. 2 mm in diameter, velutinous.
Phenology. Collected in flower and fruit throughout the year.
Distribution (Fig. 5). Eastern Brazil (Bahia, Paraiba, Pernambuco, and adjacent
Piautf); in caatinga, cerrado, at edges of woods and gallery forests, in thorn scrub;
280-1150 m.
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN SOUTH AMERICA 9
80° 70° 60° 50° 40°
¢ ¢ G. Pmiaiibayensis |
a G. brasiliensis |
| 10°
_ © G. platyphylla
ee
A aA
© o
9—90 9°
°)
°
80° 70° 60° 50° 40° 30°
FIG. 5. Distribution of Galphimia amambayensis, G. brasiliensis, and G. platyphylla.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Brazil. BAHIA: 10 km W of Serrinha on rd to Conceigao do Coité,
11°38'S, 39°W, eee 11737 (CAS, MBM, MICH, NY); Valente, 6 km N of Valente on rd to Santaluz,
Anderson 13689 (M - camino de Filadélfia a Pindobacu, a 14 km de la BR-407, 10°48'S, 40°14'W, Arbo
et al. 7334 jae BR- 324, 12 km NW de Jacobina, camino a Umburanas, 11°06'S, 40°36'W, Arbo et
al. 7359 (CEPEC); lagu, Fda. Lapa, 12°42'S, 39°56'W, Arouck-Ferreira 256 (MBM); Pasto Barreiro, Faz.
Serra da Monta, Itaberaba, Bastos 162 (CEPEC, MICH); without locality, Blanchet 1046 (G), 2184 (BM,
G), 3904 (BM, F, G); Serra da Jacobina, Blanchet 2674 (BM, BR, C, G, MO, NY, P, W); Conceicao de Feira,
margem esquerda do Rio Paraguagu, 12°32'35"S, 39°03! 06"W, Carvalho et al. 544 (CEPEC, MICH); Bar-
ragem de Bananeiras, cachocira, vale dos rios Paraguacu e Jacuipé, 12°32'S, 39°05'W, Cavalo 201 (CEPEC,
MICH); entre Jeremoabo e Paulo Afonso, Goncalves 41 (CEPEC); Lag6a de Eugenia, southern end near
Camaledo, ie 16227 (CEPEC), 64 km N of Senhor do Bonfim on BA-130 to Juazeiro, 09°55'S, 40°15'W,
Harley 16312 (K, MICH, MO, NY, RB); Serra da Jacobina, 8 km N of Senhor do Bonfim on BA-130 t
Juazeiro, pas S, 40°15'W, Harley 16500 (K, MICH, MO, NY); Piata, Harley 24152 (K); eee Pda.
Morros, Hatschbach 1986 (MO); Milagres, arredores, Hatschbach 42452 (MBM, MICH); Itaberaba, Fda.
Morros, Hatschbach 48206 (BR, CEPEC, MBM, MICH); Morro da Garrafa, 12°45'18"S, 39°51'W, Melo
al. 2043 (CEPEC); Pasto Buffel, Faz. Serra da Monta, Itaberaba, Oliveira 544 (MO); Mairi, Oliveira 647
MO); Faz. Lagéa do Canto, eee Oliveira 682 (MO); Faz. Varzea Ipira, Oliveira 713 (CEPEC, MO); Santa
Terezinha, 0.6 km NE de Sta. Terezinha, na estrada entre Sta. Terezinha e Monte Cruzeiro, 12°48'56'"S,
39°32'05" W, Queiroz et al. 1540 *(CEPEC. F, MBM); Santa Inés, Km 20 da Rod. Ubaira/Sta. Inés, Santos
10 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
3070 (CEPEC, MICH); bei Remonso, Ule 7/80 (G); Santa Luz, 30 km W of Queimadas, 15 km NW of
Santa Luz, 11°09'S, 39°28'W, Webster 25670 (CAS, MICH).—Paraisa: without locality, Coétho de Moraes
2116 (A, NY, S).—PerRNAMBUCO: Sertania, Fazenda Coxi, Alencar 3 (MICH); Area-projeto Suape, Cabo
de Sto. Agostinho, parte anterior (Estagao D), Andrade-Lima & Medeiros-Costa 48 (F); Cabo, Area-pro-
jeto Suape, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Andrade-Lima & Medeiros-Costa 48 (MBM); near Pernambuco,
Gardner 944 (BM, GH, NY, 8, W); 20 km de Petrolina em direcao a Afranio, Heringer et al. 185 (UB); 20
km de Petrolina a Afranio, Heringer et al. 975 (RB): without locality, Houllet s.n. (BR); Olinda, Pickel 676
(SP); without locality, Ridley et al. sn. (BM); Alagoinha, SW von Caruart. Vogel 129 (MICH).—P1aut:
Lagoa Comprida, Gardner 2077 (BM, GH).
Galphimia brasiliensis is characterized by the “tuberculate-strigose” vesture, the
mostly ovate leaves, and a uniformly velutinous ovary and fruit. The androecium is
also distinctive in that the filaments of stamens opposing the petals are only 2/3 as
long as those of stamens opposing the sepals. The hairs of vegetative parts are borne
on small tubercles, which persist after the hair is sloughed off, so that the stems, axes,
petioles, pedicels, and even the abaxial costa and margins of laminas are often tuber-
culate. Such tubercles are also found in the Mexican species G. arenicola C. Ander-
son, G. hirsuta Cav.,and G. tuberculata (Rose) Nied. The glands of larger laminas are
sometimes drawn out into a tooth (Fig. 4b).
Galphimia platyphylla Chodat, Arch. Sci. Phys. Nat., sér. 3, 24: 500. 1890. Galphimia
brasiliensis var. platyphylla (Chodat) Nied. in Chodat & Hassl., Bull, Herb.
Boissier, sér. 2, 7: 294. 1907. Galphimia brasiliensis f. platyphylla (Chodat)
ied., Arbeiten Bot. Inst. Kénigl. Lyceum Hosianum Braunsberg 5: 22.
1914.—Type: PARAGUAY. Caaguazt: dans les campos, Caaguazu, Nov 1874,
Balansa 2396 (holotype: P!; isotype: G!). Fig. 6.
Subshrubs to 0.5 m, from a woody caudex; stems sparsely pubescent when young, soon
becoming glabrous. Vesture of all vegetative parts of mostly wavy or crisped but sometimes
straight, reddish brown hairs 0.2-0.7 mm long. Laminas of the larger leaves 37.5 cm long,
(1.5—) 2-4 (-S) cm wide, length/width ratio 1.2—2.3 (-3), elliptical to lanceolate to ovate to
broadly ovate, occasionally suborbicular, obtuse or acute or sometimes apiculate, acute to
truncate, glabrous adaxially and abaxially, costa prominent abaxially, the secondary veins
barely prominulous or not evident; margin entire; petioles 1.56 mm long; leaf glands borne
on the margin near the base of the lamina or to 0.5 cm above it, usually a pair, or sometimes
with | or 2 additional glands, or sometimes only 1 gland or the glands absent, each gland
0.2—0.5 mm in diameter, circular and prominent; stipules 2-4 mm long, 0.6—1.2 mm wide,
triangular to narrowly so. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, the axes mostly tomentulose
during anthesis; peduncles absent; pedicels 1.5—8 mm long, glabrous; bracts 1-5 (-7) mm
long, 0.4-1.2 mm wide, linear to narrowly triangular, bracteoles 0.5—1.5 (-2) mm long,
0.2—0.5 (—0.7) mm wide, linear, bracts and bracteoles abaxially glabrous. Sepals 4—5.7
mm long, 2—2.5 mm wide, elliptical or sometimes oblong, glabrous, glands 0.3—0.6 mm in
diameter, each borne in the sinus at the base of 2 sepals, or occasionally glands absent. Pet-
als deciduous, subequal, the posterior petal sometimes a little larger, yellow, becoming red
in age; claw 2—2.5 mm long, limb 7—8.5 mm long, (4—) 5—5.5 mm wide, triangular-ovate,
base acute to truncate, apex obtuse. Stamens with heteromorphic filaments but subequal
anthers; filament opposite anterior sepal 3.3-4.5 mm long, filaments opposite anterior-lateral
petals 2.7-3.5 mm long, filaments opposite anterior-lateral sepals 3-4 mm long, filaments
opposite posterior-lateral petals 2.5—-3.3 mm long, filaments opposite posterior-lateral sepals
2.8-3.7 mm long, filament opposite posterior petal 2.5-3.5 mm long. Ovary glabrous; styles
subequal, 4.2—5.3 mm long. Cocci 4-5 mm long, 3-3.7 mm in diameter, glabrous.
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN SOUTH AMERICA At
FIG. 6. asies platyphylla. a. Habit. b. Lamina base, showing marginal glands. c. Old flower (the
petals fallen) borne on pedicel, with portion of inflorescence axis; note calyx glands. d. Petal. e. Stamen
opposing Sr cra eat sepal (left) and stamen opposing ae petal (right); abaxial view. f. Gynoe-
cium. g. Two cocci, adaxial view (left) and lateral view (right). Scale bar = a, 4 cm; b; mm, c, d,5 mm;e, f,
2.7 mm; g, 4 mm. (Based on: a—c, Hassler 9132; d-f, Pedersen ae g, Krapovickas et al. 45943.)
Phenology. Collected in flower and fruit in March and from July through
December.
Distribution (Fig. 5). Eastern Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazt, Canendiyu) and
adjacent Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); campo, cerrado, campo limpo, open wood-
lands; 300-400 m
DITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Brazil. Mato Grosso Do SuL: Mpio. Camapua, Capao Redondo,
eee, 33058 (MBM, NY); Mpio. Ponta Pora, Pacori, Hatschbach 45921 (BR, G, MBM, MICH):
Amambai, rod. p/ Ponta Pora, Hatschbach 48498 (MBM, MICH); Coxim, 5 km S, Oliveira 162 (MBM);
Mpio. Guia Lopes de Laguna, on rd (BR-267) from Maracaju to Guia Lopes, ca. 12 km W of Ervania,
Pedersen 14726 (C, MICH). Paraguay. AMAMBAyY: Sierra de Amambay, Hassler 9884 (BM, G, ue ne
et de Pedro Juan Caballero, ruta 5, Krapovickas et al. 45943 (CTES, G, MICH).—Caac
rope Caaguazt, Hassler 9132 (BM, F, G, GH, K, NY,P,S, W); Ruta 2, Pastoreo, Km A-197, eer
& Gein 13355 (CTES); camino a Thi, 14 km N de Caaguazti, Schinini et al. 28326 (CTES); Cnia. Pindo,
camino entre Itaquyry y Sakae Schinini & Caballero M. 30112 (CTES, MICH); near J. E. Estigarribia,
Zardini & Guerrero 49141 (MICH).—Canenb1vU: in regiones Yerbalium de Maracayu, Apept et Tajai-
raguay [?], Hassler 4327 (BM, F, K, NY, P, W); iter ad Yerbales montium Sierra de Maracayt, in regione
fluminis Capibary, Hassler 4393 (BM, G, W); Mbaracayt Natural Reserve, around Aguara-Nu, Zardini &
Ramirez B. 51023 (MO).— Depto. unknown: “Alto Parana,” 22-23°S, Fiebrig 6348 (G).
Galphimia platyphylla is distinctive in its thick and broad leaves. The laminas range
from broadly elliptical or broadly lanceolate to broadly ovate or even suborbicular,
are only 1.2-2.3 times as long as wide, and often have an obtuse apex. Compared to
12 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
G. australis, the flowers and fruits are larger, and the plants are apparently shorter
(to 0.5 m vs. to 1 m tall) and more robust, i.e., the axes tend to be stouter. Future
fieldwork may uncover ecological differences between these two species.
ExcLUDED NAME
Galphimia pubescens (Adr. Juss.) Herter, FI. illustr. Uruguay 14(11): 491. 1956.—
The combination is not validly published, because Herter did not cite the basionym
(Article 33.3).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I thank William R. Anderson and David Johnson for their advice and helpful comments on the
manuscript. Karin Douthit drew the handsome illustrations. The curators of the following herbaria kindly
permitted access to their collections and/or provided loans: A, BM, BR, C, CAS, CEPEC, CTES, ENCB,
F, G, GH, GOET, HB, K, MICH, MBM, MO, NY, P. RB, S, SP. UB, US, W, WIS.
LITERATURE CITED
Castro, M.A.,A.S. Vega, and M.E Miulgura 2001. Structure and ultrastructure of leaf and calyx glands in
Galphimia brasiliensis (Malpighiaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1935-1944,
Chodat, R. 1892. Malpighiacées. Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéve 31(2:3): 1-27.
Jussieu, Adr. de. 1833 [1832”]. Malpighiaceae. In Flora brasiliensis meridionalis by A. de Saint-Hilaire, 3:
—86, t. 161-180. Paris: A. Belin.
Niedenzu, F. 1914. Galphimia. Arbeiten Bot. Inst. Kénigl. Lyceum Hosianum Braunsberg 5: 21-28.
———. 1928. Malpighiaceae. In Das Pflanzenreich, ed. A. Engler, IV. 141: 1-870. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engel-
mann
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 13-19. 2005.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF GALPHIMIA (MALPIGHIACEAE),
AND A KEY TO THE MEXICAN SPECIES
WITH DECIDUOUS PETALS
Christiane Anderson
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
Asstracr. Galphimia mirandae and G. oaxacana, two new Mexican species with deciducous pet-
als, are described and illustrated. A key to all 14 Mexican species of Galphimia with deciduous petals is
presented.
INTRODUCTION
Galphimia Cav. (Malpighiaceae) comprises ca. 20 species of large herbs, shrubs,
and treelets, all but four occurring in Mexico. Species of Galphimia have yellow
petals, often suffused with red. The petals are deciduous in most species, but in
those grouped in the G. glauca complex the petals become stiff and spreading, and
are persistent. The calyx lacks the oil glands that are found in most genera of New
World Malpighiaceae; however, in a few species a small gland, which resembles the
leaf glands, is borne at the base of the sinus of some or all adjacent sepals (Castro
et al. 2001). The fruit is a schizocarp breaking into three cocci. The genus is placed
in the tribe Galphimieae, along with Lophanthera Adr. Juss., Spachea Adr. Juss., and
Verrucularia Adr. Juss. (W. R. Anderson 1978; Cameron et al. 2001; Davis et al. 2001).
any species included in Galphimia were first described in Thryallis L. or were
transferred to it; however, the name Thryallis Mart. is conserved over Thryallis L. (C.
Anderson 1995, 2003), and Galphimia Cav. is the correct name for this genus.
A few of the Mexican species with deciduous petals are aptly named and easily
recognized, e.g., G. angustifolia, G. sessilifolia, G. vestita; however, most species are
less distinctive, and the name “G. gracilis” is widely misapplied to them. Galphimia
gracilis occurs in Tamaulipas and Veracruz, as well as in adjacent regions of Hidalgo,
Puebla, Querétaro, and San Luis Potosi. It is also widely cultivated as an ornamental
in warm regions worldwide. A recent review of the Mexican collections of Galphi-
mia revealed three undescribed species among material that was associated with
G. langlassei (C. Anderson 2003), and two additional novelties, G. mirandae and G.
oaxacana, are described here.
A key is presented below to aid in the correct identification of the 14 Mexican
species with deciduous petals. Commonly encountered synonyms for some names
are noted in brackets.
NEW SPECIES
Galphimia mirandae C. Anderson, sp. nov.—T yee: Mexico. Puebla: Mpio. Tehuitz-
ingo, 12 km al NW de EI Pitayo, carr. a Iziicar de Matamoros, 1350 m, 28 Jul
1983, Torres C. 3296 (holotype: MEXU!}; isotype: MBM!). Fig. 1.
14 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. 1. Galphimia mirandae. a. Leaf with ovate lamina; detail of base of lamina, showing marginal
gland. b. Leaf with elliptical lamina. c. Flower borne on pedicel and peduncle, with portion of mae
cence axis; note calyx gland. d. Lateral petal. e. Posterior petal. f. Abaxial view of six stamens; outerm
stamen at left opposes posterior vias outermost stamen at right opposes anterior sepal. g. pea
cale bar = a, 4 cm, inset 4 mm; b, 4 cm; c, 1 cm: d, e. 5.7 mm: f, g,4 mm. (Based on: a, Miranda 2147; b-g,
Torres C. 3296.)
Frutex vel arbor parva. Laminae 3-6.5 cm longae, 24 cm latae, ellipticae vel
ovatae vel obovatae vel rhombicae, glabrae, succulentae, margine integra, glandibus
0.5-1 mm diametro, sessilibus; petioli 0.5—1 cm longi; stipulae 2-4 mm longae. Inflo-
rescentia racemosa. Petala decidua; petala lateralia ungue 2.52.8 mm longo, 0.5 mm
lato, limbo 7-8.5 mm longo, 4.5-5.5 mm lato, elliptico vel anguste triangulari; petalum
posticum ungue 44,2 mm longo, 1-1.2 mm lato, limbo 6.2-7.5 mm longo, 6-7 mm
lato, triangulari vel interdum suborbiculari. Antherae 3.3-3.7 mm longae. Ovarium
glabrum vel suturis pubescens; styli anteriores 6-6.6 mm longi, stylus posticus 5—5.7
mm longus. Fructus ignotus.
Shrub or treelet to 4 m, stems tomentulose, soon glabrescent to glabrous. Ves-
ture of all vegetative parts of sessile, wavy to crisped, reddish brown hairs 0.4—1 mm
long. Laminas of the larger leaves (1.5—) 3-6.5 cm long, (1—) 2-4 cm wide, elliptical to
broadly so, obovate, rhombic, or ovate, apex obtuse to acute, base acute to decurrent
(especially in larger leaves), glabrous, succulent, costa prominent abaxially, second-
ary veins prominulous or not evident; margin entire; petioles 0.5-1 cm long, glabrous;
leaf glands commonly a pair, borne on the margin of the lamina well above or at the
base, if base decurrent then superficially appearing placed on the petiole, sometimes
1 or more additional glands borne on the margin of the lamina, each gland discoid
and with a thick rim, 0.5-1 mm in diameter; stipules 2-4 mm long, 0.7—1.2 mm wide,
narrowly triangular. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, the axes, peduncles, and pedi-
cels tomentulose but becoming sparsely so in age; peduncles 3-6 mm long, pedicels
14.5-18.5 mm long, the pubescence often concentrated in a line, with a ring of hairs at
the articulation, peduncles 0.2-0.3 times as long as pedicels; bracts 2.53.2 mm long,
0.5—0.8 mm wide, bracteoles 1.5—2 mm long, 0.3—0.5 mm wide, bracts and bracteoles
linear, abaxially glabrous or with a few scattered hairs; bracteoles borne at about the
middle of the peduncle, subopposite or up to 0.3 mm apart. Sepals 3.54.2 mm long,
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN MEXICO 1S
1-1.5 mm wide, narrowly ovate to oblong, glabrous or at the apex red-ciliate, glands
absent or rarely with a gland 0.5 mm in diameter. Petals deciduous, unequal, yellow;
lateral petals: claw 2.5-2.8 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, limb 7—8.5 mm long, 4.5-5.5 mm
wide, elliptical or narrowly triangular; posterior petal: claw 44.2 mm long, 1-1.2
mm wide, limb 6.2—7.5 mm long, 6-7 mm wide, triangular or sometimes suborbicu-
lar. Stamens with heteromorphic filaments but subequal anthers; filament opposite
anterior sepal 44.5 mm long, filaments opposite anterior-lateral petals 3-3.2 mm
long, filaments opposite anterior-lateral sepals 3.7-4 mm long, filaments opposite
posterior-lateral petals 2-2.2 mm long, filaments opposite posterior-lateral sepals
3.6-4 mm long, filament opposite posterior petal 2-2.3 mm long; anthers 3.3-3.7 mm
long, tapered from the base to the apex. Ovary glabrous or with a row of hairs along
the sutures in the proximal 2/3—4/5, sometimes only with a few hairs scattered along
the sutures; styles unequal, anterior styles 6-6.6 mm long, posterior style 5—5.7 mm
long. Mature fruit not seen.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Mexico. GUERRERO: 8 km al NW de Chilpancingo, sobre la carre-
tera a Chichihualco, 1350 m, 7 Jul 1966, Asteinza (ENCB), M. Cabrera s.n. (ENCB), Rzedowski 22755 (DS,
ENCB, MICH, TEX).—Pues a: [Izticar de] Matamoros, 24 Jul 1942, Miranda 2147 (MEXU).
Galphimia mirandae is recognized by its succulent laminas with large, thick-
rimmed glands on the margin; if the base is decurrent the glands may at first glance
appear to be borne on the petiole, but careful examination shows them embedded
in the laminar tissue. The pedicels are quite long (14.5-18.5 mm), and the anterior
styles slightly exceed the posterior one. The label data for the type collection include
the note “suelo pedregoso”; perhaps this species is associated with substrates derived
from volanic deposits.
This species is named for the eminent Mexican botanist Faustino Miranda
(1905-1964), who first collected it.
Galphimia oaxacana C. Anderson, sp. nov.—T ype: Mexico. Oaxaca: Dtto. Tehuante-
pec, Rancho Ricardo, al N de Buenos Aires, entrando por Hierba Santa, 12
Sep 1985, Torres C. 7306 (holotype: MICH! isotypes: F! MEXU!). Fig. 2.
Frutex vel arbor parva. Laminae 3.5-6 cm longae, 1.5-3.5 cm latae, ellipticae vel
ovatae vel lanceolatae, adaxialiter glabrae, abaxialiter papillosae vel parum papil-
losae, coriaceae, margine integra, glandibus 0.4-0.7 mm diametro, sessilibus; petioli
0.8-1.5 cm longi; stipulae 1.5—2.5 mm longae. Inflorescentia racemosa. Petala decidua;
petala lateralia ungue (1.5—) 2-2.5 mm longo, 0.5 mm lato, limbo (5—) 6.5-8 mm longo,
(3.8-) 44.5 mm lato, elliptico vel anguste ovato; petalum posticum ungue (3—) 4-5
mm longo, (1—) 1.2-1.5 mm lato, limbo (4.5—) 5-6.5 mm longo, (4-) 5.5-6 mm lato,
triangulari. Antherae (2.5—) 2.8-3.5 mm longae. Ovarium suturis pubescens; styli
subaequales, (4.7—) 5—5.3 mm longi. Coccus ca. 3.5 mm longus, suturis pubescens.
Shrub or treelet to 6 m; stems sparsely pubescent, soon glabrous. Vesture of all
vegetative parts of sessile, straight to wavy, reddish brown hairs 0.3-0.8 mm long.
Laminas of the larger leaves 3.5-6 cm long, 1.5-3.5 cm wide, elliptical or ovate
to lanceolate, apex apiculate or sometimes acute, base acute, adaxially glabrous,
abaxially papillose or sometimes only slightly so (the epidermis at least blistered),
coriaceous, costa and secondary veins (at least the first two pairs) prominent abaxi-
ally (usually appearing white in dry material), the tertiary veins slightly or not at
all evident; margin entire; petioles 0.8-1.5 cm long, glabrous or with a few scattered
16 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG, 2. Galphimia oaxacana. a. Flowering branch. b, c. Proximal portion of two leaves, abaxial view.
d. Flower borne on pedicel and peduncle, with portion of inflorescence axis; note calyx glands. e. Lateral
petal. f. Posterior petal. g. Adaxial view of stamen opposing posterior petal (at right) and posterior-lateral
sepal (at left). h. Gynoecium. i. Two cocci, shown in adaxial and lateral view. Scale bar = a, 4 cm; b-d, 8 mm;
e, f, 5 mm; g, 4 mm; h, 2.7 mm;i, 3.3 mm. (Based on: a, b, g, i, Martinez R. 55; c-f,h, Torres C. 122.)
hairs; leaf glands usually a pair borne on the margin of the lamina 8-15 mm above
the base or sometimes with 3-6 glands, each gland 0.4—0.7 mm in diameter, disklike
and sessile or raised ca. 0.2 mm above the epidermis, or sometimes embedded in
the margin; stipules 1.5—2.5 mm long, 0.8-1 mm wide, narrowly triangular, abaxially
glabrous. Inflorescence a terminal raceme, the axes sparsely tomentulose or strigose;
peduncles 3.5—6.5 mm long, pedicels (7—) 10-15 mm long, both sparsely tomentulose,
often more densely at the articulation, in the pedicel the hairs often concentrated in
a line extending from the articulation to the calyx, peduncles 0.3-0.5 times as long
as pedicels; bracts (1.5—) 2—2.8 mm long, 0.5-0.9 mm wide, linear, bracteoles 0.8-1.7
mm long, 0.3-0.6 mm wide, linear, bracts and bracteoles glabrous; bracteoles borne
in the proximal 1/5—1/2 of the peduncle, subopposite. [Sometimes shrubs with only
the terminal branches bearing a flush of small leaves along short internodes (to ca.
1 cm long) and a short inflorescence, the leaves 1-2.5 cm long, 0.50.9 cm wide; see
discussion.] Sepals 2.5-3 mm long, 1.3-1.5 mm wide, oblong, glabrous, occasionally
the margin distally fringed with hairs to 0.2 mm long, the calyx with 1-3 (4) glands,
each borne in the sinus at the base of two sepals, glands 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter,
prominent and raised to 0.2 mm above the epidermis. Petals deciduous, unequal,
yellow, the claws suffused with red; lateral petals: claw (1.5—) 2-2.5 mm long, 0.5 mm
wide, limb (5—) 6.5-8 mm long, (3.8-) 44.5 mm wide, narrowly ovate to elliptical;
posterior petal: claw (3—) 4-5 mm long, (1—-) 1.2-1.5 mm wide, limb (4.5—) 5-6.5 mm
long, (4-) 5.5-6 mm wide, triangular, apex broadly obtuse. Stamens with heteromorphic
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN MEXICO 17
filaments but subequal anthers; filament opposite anterior sepal 44.5 mm long, fila-
ments opposite anterior-lateral petals 2.5-3 mm long, filaments opposite anterior-
lateral sepals 3.6-4.2 mm long, filaments opposite posterior-lateral petals 1.5—-2 mm
long, filaments opposite posterior-lateral sepals 3.3-3.5 mm long, filament opposite
posterior petal 1.5-2 mm long; anthers (2.5—) 2.8-3.5 mm long, tapered toward the
apex. Ovary pubescent along the dorsal sutures, otherwise glabrous; styles subequal,
(4.7) 5-5.3 mm long. Coccus ca. 3.5 mm long, ca. 2.7 mm in diameter, dorsal crest to
0.5 mm wide and pubescent on the suture, otherwise glabrous; areole ca. 3 mm long,
ca. 2.5 mm wide; mature seed not seen.
Phenology. Collected in flower from August to October, in fruit from September
to December.
Distribution. Mexico (Oaxaca); in deciduous forest (“selva baja caducifolia”) and
transition to pine-oak forest; 500-1100 m
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Mexico. Oaxaca: alrededores del Cerro Guiengola, a 10 km aprox.
al NW de Tehuantepec, Cabrera 7413 (MEXU, MO); Dtto. Santo Domingo Tehuantepec, Mpio. Mixte-
quilla, a 18 km de Mixtequilla, carretera a Paso Escondido, 16°27'N, 95°19'W, Calzada 19255 (MEXU);
Mpio. Santiago Laollaga, recorrido por el aguaje Coyol, al W de Laollaga, 16°34'N, 95°14'W, Campos V.
4039 (F, MEXU, MO); Mpio. Santiago Laollaga, recorrido hacia y por el Arroyo de Hierba Santa, al E de
Guichixu, brecha Laollaga-Guevea de Humboldt, 16°41'N, 95°16'W, Campos V. 4129 (F, MEXU, MO);
Dtto. Tehuantepec, Mpio. Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, rumbo a El Cerro Arenal, Martinez R. 55 (IEB,
MICH); Dtto. Tehuantepec, ruinas del Cerro Guiengola, Torres C. 40 (MEXU, MO); Dtto. Tehuantepec,
“Las Palmitas,” ladera oriente del Cerro Guiengola, Torres C. 122 (IEB, MEXU, MO); Dtto. Tehuante-
pec,11 km al W de la Chiviza, hacia Lachiguiri, Torres C. 5717 (MEXU, MICH, XAL); Dtto. Tehuantepec,
12.2 km al W de la Chiviza, hacia Lachiguiri, Torres C. 5720 (F MEXU); Dtto. Tehuantepec, 11.3 km al N
de La Chiviza, Torres C. & Martinez 5880 (MEXU, MICH).
Galphimia oaxacana, known only from the Pacific slope of the Isthmus of Tehuan-
tepec, is distinctive in its leaves and flowers. The abaxial surface of the thick laminas is
commonly papillose, and the costa and secondary veins are prominent. Calyx glands
are present in all or nearly all flowers of an inflorescence, and the ovaries and cocci
are beset with fine hairs along the dorsal sutures.
The collections Torres C. 122, Torres C. 5717, and Torres C. & Martinez 5880 dif-
fer in that they consist of terminal branches bearing a flush of small leaves along short
internodes (to ca. 1 cm long) and a short inflorescence; the leaves are 1—2.5 cm long,
—0.9 cm wide. This growth form may reflect particularly dry conditions.
KEY TO THE MEXICAN SPECIES OF GALPHIMIA
WITH DECIDUOUS PETALS
1. Peduncles absent, the pedicels subtended by a bract and a pair of bracteoles.
. Leaves essentially glabrous or with a few scattered hairs, especially on the midrib abaxially;
Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis
Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas. G. ll Flt eae Benth. [synonym: G. Bese Gray].
2. Leaves densely white-pubescent; Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonor aS. Watson
1. Peduncles present, subtended we a bract and bearing a pair - bracteoles, the ees com-
monly marked with a band of h
3. Ovaries and fruits densely Ae aa pubescent.
4. Inflorescence ene glabrous (except for pubescent ovary); calyx glands present; petals
mostly red w ellow markings; leaf glands borne on the petiole, commonly in the proxi-
mal 1/6-1/2 eae eee y);G Jalisco, Méxic aimee Sinaloa
andulosa Cav. [synonyms: Thryallis palmeri Rose, T: dasycarpa Small]
. Inflorescence eran or ae tly pubescent; calyx glands absent or present; pee yel-
low, usually with red markings; leaf glands borne on the margin of the lamin
as
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
5. Petioles beset with hairs borne on persistent tubercles and/or only with the tubercles
(the hairs already shed); branchlets commonly roughened by the persistent tubercles;
Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa.
. tuberculata (Rose) Nied. [synonym: G. humilis (Rose) Nied.]
5. Petioles smooth, glabrous or with sessile or subsessile hairs; branchlets smooth or the
Sa a fissured.
6. Anthers 3-4 mm long, narrowly triangular in outline (the base ca. twice as wide as
the pee filament of stamen opposing the anterior sepal 3.5-4 mm long, filament
of stamen opposing the posterior petal shorter than that of stamens opposing the
posterior-lateral sepals (1.6-2.6 mm vs. 3.5-4.6 mm); peduncles 0.6-1.2 (—1.6) times
as long as pedicels; Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan.
G. langlassei (Blake) C. Anderson
Anthers 2.3-2.5 (-2.8) mm long, oblong or elliptical in oatine (equally wide at bas
and apex); filament of stamen opposing the anterior sepal 2.2-2.6 mm long, eee
of stamen opposing the posterior se and those of stamens opposing the posterior-
lateral sepals subequal [1.5—1.7 (-2) mm vs. 1.5-1.8 (2.2) mm]; peduncles 0.3-0.5
(—0.7) times as long as pedicels; southern Nayarit and adjacent Jalisco.
G. mexiae C. Anderson
a
3. Ovaries and fruits glabrous, or with hairs concentrated on the sutu
7. Petioles beset with hairs borne on persistent tubercles and/or ae ie tubercles (the hairs
already shed); branchlets commonly roughened by the persistent tubercles (in G. gracilis
not or only slightly so)
8. Laminas abundantly pubescent above and below with hairs borne on tubercles, the
hairs eventually sloughed off and the laminar surfaces retaining the persistent tubercles:
uerrero. hirsuta Cav.
S. Laminas glabrous or glabrate, often with some scattered hairs on the midrib balan th
laminar surfaces smooth
9. Margin of lamina entire, leaf glands prominent or flush with the margin; bracteoles
borne at or just below the apex of the peduncle; pedicels 5—10 mm long, eas
0.5—-1 times as long as the pedicels; Tamaulipas and Veracruz, and ae regio!
of Hidalgo, Puebla, Querétaro, and San Luis poieet G. gracilis Bartling
9. Margin of lamina beset with scattered tubercles and/or somewhat longer ea
processes, leaf glands prominent to stalked; bracteoles borne on the peduncle in
the proximal 1/4 to 1/2; pedicels 2-5 mm long, peduncles 1.2—3 times as set as the
pedicels; coastal Oaxaca G.a ‘ola C. Anderson
7. Petioles smooth, glabrous or aie sessile or subsessile hairs; branchlets nies or the bark
lightly fissured
10. ae eae the petioles rudimentary; leaf glands mostly absent; Oaxaca.
G. sessilifolia Rose
10. Leaves petiolate; leaf glands usually present.
1 etals see as hairs on ovaries/fruits to 0.5 mm long; petioles 1.5—2.3 cm long,
laminas 7-12 ¢c radialis C. Anderson
11. Petals ane limb of lateral petals narrower than limb of Sosenor petal; hai
on ovaries/fruits to 0.1 mm long or ovaries/fruits glabrous; petioles 0.4—1.5 cm iene,
laminas 2-6 c
12. Calyx oe oa in all (or almost all) flowers of an inflorescence; laminas ab-
axially commonly papillose (or the epidermis at least blistered), coriaceous, the
secondary veins avons abaxially; ovaries/fruits with hairs on the sutures;
Pacific slope of Oaxaca. G. oaxacana C. Anderson
. Calyx glands oe or one or a few flowers of an inflorescence with | or 2 calyx
glands (rarely many flowers with calyx glands); laminas abaxially smooth, suc-
culent or chartaceous, sae pecondany veins not prominent; ovaries/fruits glabrous
or with hairs on the su
No
13. Laminas ae elliptical to broadly ovate to suborbicular, the base often
decurrent, glands 0.6—-1 mm in diameter, sessile on the ae pedicels
14.5-18.5 mm non Guerrero, Puebla. G. mirandae C. Anderson
13. Laminas
ate or elliptical or narrowly elliptical i base acute,
glands 0.4—0.6 mm in ‘oes raised above the margin or borne on the
petiole; pedicels 5.5—10.5 mm long.
2005 C. ANDERSON: GALPHIMIA IN MEXICO 1
14. Bracteoles borne at or just below the apex of the peduncle (i-e., just be-
he articulation); laminas elliptical or narrowly so, with an apical tuft
of hairs (best seen in younger leaves); peduncles 0.5—1 times as long as
pedicels; anterior styles longer than the posterior style; ovary glabrous;
calyx eglandular; Tamaulipas and Veracruz, and adjacent regions of
Hidalgo, Puebla, ae and San Luis Potosi. . gracilis Bartling
. Bracteoles borne near the middle of the peduncle, or one near the
middle and the ve near the base; laminas ovate or lanceolate, without
an apical tuft of hair; peduncles 0.2—0.6 times as eis as the PeCICss,
—
-
eke subequal; ovary glabrous or with hairs on the sutures; cal fleet
present or absent; Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Naar Sinaloa,
ee Durango and Zacateca G. montana eS Nied.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I thank William R. Anderson and Gordon McPherson for their advice and comments on the
manuscript, and Karin Douthit for the handsome drawings. I am grateful to the curators of the following
herbaria for making their collections of Galphimia available to me: DS, ENCB, F, IEB, MEXU, MBM,
MICH, MO, TEX, XAL.
LITERATURE CITED
fae Ss 1995. Revision of Thryallis (Malpighiaceae). Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 20: 3-14.
— Resolution of the Galphimia langlassei complex (Malpighiaceae) from the Pacific slope of
eens Syst. Bot. 24: 714-722.
Anderson, W. R. 1978 [1977”]. Byrsonimoideae, a new subfamily of the Malpighiaceae. Leandra 7: 5-18.
Cameron, K. M., M. W. Chase, W. R. Anderson, and H. G. Hills. 2001. Molecular systematics of Malpighia-
ceae: dence from plastid rbcL and matK sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1847- 1862.
Castro, M. A., A. S. Vega, and M. E. Milgura. 2001. Structure and ultrastructure of leaf and calyx glands in
Galphinna brasiliensis (Malpighiaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1935-1944.
Davis, C. C., W. R. Anderson, and M. J. Donoghue. 2001. Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae: evidence from chlo-
roplast ndhF and ¢rnl- aucleodte sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1830-1846.
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 21-23. 2005.
PTERANDRA VIRIDIFLORA (MALPIGHIACEAE),
A NEW SPECIES FROM BRAZIL
Christiane Anderson
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
ABsTRACT. Pterandra viridiflora, a new species from Brazil, is described and illustrated. The novelty
is distinguished by its green petals and the placement of inflorescences in the axils of well-developed
Pterandra Adr. Juss. is a genus of trees and shrubs of Central and South America
(Fig. 1), which is named for its winged anthers (Fig. 2e). It is readily recognized by its
stipules and inflorescences. The intra- and epipetiolar stipules are entirely to partly
connate, forming two broadly triangular structures that act as valvate bud scales.
The inflorescences consist of 2—6-flowered fascicles borne in the axils of bracts or
leaves that are crowded at branch apices. The peduncles are absent, and each pedicel
is subtended by a bract and two bracteoles. The petals are abaxially pubescent and
persistent in fruit. In my monograph of Pterandra (Anderson 1997), I recognized
14 species; to these I add the novelty here described.
Pterandra viridiflora C. Anderson, sp. nov—T ype: BraAziL. Minas Gerais: Berilo,
UHE-Irapé, EF. Tameirao Neto 3204 (holotype: MICH!). Fig. 2.
Frutex. Laminae 6-8.5 cm longae, 2.5-4.1 cm latae, obovatae vel ellipticae, supra
glabrae praeter costam dense sericeam, subtus tomentulosae; petioli 0.4—1 cm longi,
dense aureo-sericei; stipulae (2.5—) 3-4 mm longae lataeque, connatae, adaxialiter
hirsutae, abaxialiter aureo-sericeae. Inflorescentia ex fasciculis sessilibus et axil-
laribus constans, floribus cujusque fasciculi 2-4; pedicelli 2.1-2.7 cm longi, 0.5—0.6
mm diametro, dense aureo-sericei. Petala pallide viridia, limbo late elliptico vel late
obovato vel suborbiculari; limbi petalorum lateralium 5—5.5 mm longi, 3—3.3 mm
lati, obovati, limbus petali postici ca. 5.5 mm longus, ca. 4 mm latus, suborbicularis.
Filamenta praeter caespitem basalem glabra. Styli ca. 4.5 mm longi. Cocci ca. 3.5 mm
alti diametroque, hirsutulo-tomentosi.
Shrub; young branchlets densely golden-sericeous, older ones glabrous. Laminas
6-8.5 cm long, 2.54.1 cm wide, obovate to elliptical, apex obtuse-mucronate or some-
times emarginate, base cuneate, adaxially tomentulose when young but glabrate to
glabrous at maturity except for the pubescent costa, abaxially sericeous or sparsely
so but densely so on the costa, the vesture composed of hairs 0.2-0.7 mm long, medi-
fixed, terete, straight, more or less appressed, mostly white or sometimes golden, and
with scattered longer and thicker hairs, ca. 0.8-1.2 mm long, subsessile or with a stalk
up to 0.05 mm long, translucent dots present on abaxial surface, costa and second-
ary veins prominent abaxially, tertiary veins usually slightly raised as well; petioles
0.4-1 cm long, densely golden-sericeous; stipules (2.5—-) 3-4 mm long and wide,
connate, adaxially hirsute, abaxially sericeous. Inflorescence of sessile, 2—4-flowered
fascicles, each fascicle borne in the axil of a leaf; pedicels 2.1-2.7 cm long, 0.5—0.6
mm in diameter, densely golden-sericeous; bracts 2—2.2 mm long, 0.8-1 mm wide,
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
VOLUME 24
40
Pterandra
>
ie}
So.
mM Oo
3. 3
ox
feb}
=}
fed}
3
v« flavescens
guianensis
O hatschbachii
0 hirsuta
V isthmica
A mcphersonii
@ pyroidea
¥ sericea
* ultramontana
* viridiflora
oO
FIG. 1. Distribution of Prerandra.
triangular, bracteoles 1—-1.2 mm long, ca. 0.3 mm wide, linear, bracts and bracteoles
with the apex acute, abaxially densely golden-sericeous. Sepals ca. 2.5 mm long, ca.
2mm wide, triangular (the distal 2/3 ligulate), recurved, glands ca. 2 mm long, ca. 0.8
mm wide. Petals light green, margin erose, abaxially densely pubescent on claw and
center of limb; lateral petals: claw 1.5—1.7 mm long, limb 5—5.5 mm long, 3-3.3 mm
wide, the limb obovate; posterior petal: claw ca. 2 mm long, limb ca. 5.5 mm long, ca.
4mm wide, the limb suborbicular. Filaments glabrous except for a basal tuft of hairs,
those of stamens opposing sepals ca. 2.5 mm long, those of stamens opposing petals
ca. 3 mm long; anthers ca. 1 mm long, wing of outer locules 0.2 mm wide. Styles ca.
4.5 mm long, ca. 0.3 mm in diameter, with scattered hairs adaxially in the proximal
1/4. Cocci ca. 3.5 mm high and in diameter, hirsutulose-tomentulose; torus ca. | mm
high; mature seed not seen.
Pterandra viridiflora is known only from the type. It is distinctive in its green pet-
als and the placement of the inflorescences. In most species, the fascicles are borne
on a leafless node of a short shoot, often below a flush of new leaves, and subtended
by a bract composed of the stipules and a rudimentary leaf; in P flavescens and P.
sericea (occasionally) the fascicles are placed in the axil of a new leaf. In P. viridiflora
the fascicles are borne in the axils of well-developed leaves of a young shoot.
Because most species of Pterandra are known from few collections, their ranges
are not well known (Fig. 1). An exception is the showy P. pyroidea, which is common
in Minas Gerais, the Distrito Federal, and southern Goias. The very similar P. hatsch-
bachii was found to the west in Mato Grosso. Both species are low shrublets and have
large pink petals. Prerandra viridiflora was collected in eastern Minas Gerais, but in
all aspects resembles more the northern species, which are larger shrubs to trees and
2005 C. ANDERSON: PTERANDRA VIRIDIFLORA 23
FIG. 2. Pterandra viridiflora. a. Flowering branch. b. Detail showing insertion of fascicles in the axils
of mature leaves; note the heart-shaped intra- and epipetiolar stipules. c. Lateral petal, abaxial view. d
Posterior petal (“flag”), abaxial view. e. Stamens, adaxial and side views. f. Coccus. Scale bar = a, 4 cm; b, 8
,4mm;e, 2 mm; f,2.7 mm. (Based on Tameirao Neto 3204.)
have smaller petals, white to cream (yellow in age). Green petals are otherwise un-
known in the genus, although P. guianensis, known only from the type, was reported
on the label to have greenish white petals. The label data for P. viridiflora did not
include notes on stature, only that it is shrub.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
William R. Anderson and Gordon McPherson provided helpful comments, and Karin Douthit drew
the beautiful illustration. I thank the curators at BHCB for sending to MICH as a gift the type specimen
of Pterandra viridiflora.
LITERATURE CITED
Anderson, C. 1997. Revision of Pterandra (Malpighiaceae). Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 21: 1-27.
aan
: a : a Be
7 — : a a _ a _ >_> - —_ - :
_ _ Bn a _ SO 7 7 ; - : - : - :
a 35> i > a - 7 Ss - _ - - - 7 7 - a Oo 7 oe oe 7 -
: Oo - : 7 ee
7 oe 4
7
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 25-27. 2005.
HETEROPTERYS OXENDERI, A NEW NAME FOR
MASCAGNIA DISCOLOR (MALPIGHIACEAE)
William R. Anderson
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
Asstract. The name Heteropterys oxenderi W. R. Anderson is proposed for the species Mascagnia
discolor W. R. Anderson when it is transferred to the genus Heteropterys, in which the epithet discolor is
preoccupied. Heteropterys oxenderi, known only from La Paz province, Bolivia, is related to H. sylvatica
Adr. Juss. and H. mollis (Nied.) Nied. in Engl., species of southern Bolivia and adjacent Brazil and Argentina.
In 1995 I described a flowering specimen from Bolivia as Mascagnia discolor W.
R. Anderson. At that time I was confident of its generic placement, even without the
diagnostic fruits, but I was mistaken. A subsequently received collection of the species
with fruits showed it to belong to the genus Heteropterys, and the epithet discolor
has already been used in Heteropterys, so it is necessary to propose a new name for
M. discolor in Heteropterys. The description given below is modified from that in the
protologue to include data from the second collection.
Heteropterys oxenderi W. R. Anderson, nom. nov. Mascagnia discolor W. R. Ander-
son, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 20: 33. 1995, non Heteropterys discolor
Adr. Juss. in A. St.-Hil.—Tyre: Bo.ivia. La Paz: Inquisivi Province, 19 km N
of Choquetanga, 16°41'S, 67°20'W, 1800 m, matorral, 27 Nov 1991 fl, Lewis
40696 (holotype: MICH]; isotypes: MO! NY!). Fig. 1.
Shrub 2-3 m tall with leaning branches, the stems tomentose with strongly
twisted reddish brown hairs, eventually glabrescent. Leaves opposite or subopposite;
lamina of larger leaves 7—10.7 cm long, 4.7—8 cm wide, ovate or broadly elliptical,
broadly cuneate or truncate at base, abruptly short-acuminate to rounded at apex,
bearing a series of bulging marginal glands on the distal third + hidden by the vesture,
tomentose to eventually glabrescent above with the epidermis visible between the
brown (eventually whitish), stalked, strongly twisted hairs, persistently tomentose
below, the hairs mostly pale yellow to near-white except brown along veins, very fine,
with a sinuous or twisted crosspiece 1—-2.2 mm long raised on a stalk 0.5—-1 mm long,
the hairs in aggregate producing a dense woolliness that nearly or completely hides
the epidermis; petiole 9-22 mm long, densely and persistently brown-tomentose,
bearing (0-1—) 2 bulging glands 1-2 mm in diameter at apex or up to 5 mm below
apex; stipules not found. Inflorescence an axillary pseudoraceme, unbranched, 7-13
cm long, reddish-brown-tomentose to eventually glabrescent, the 15—40 flowers borne
ascending to nearly horizontal and evenly distributed, not congested except for very
immature buds at apex; bracts 1.5—-2.5 mm long, subulate or narrowly triangular,
deciduous during anthesis; peduncle (2—) 3-8 mm long, tomentose to glabrescent in
fruit; bracteoles 1-1.7 mm long, triangular, ovate, or elliptical, persistent, borne at
or somewhat below apex of peduncle, one eglandular and the other bearing 1 large
eccentric abaxial gland; pedicel 1.5-3 mm long, tomentose to glabrescent in fruit.
Lateral 4 sepals bearing 8 glands 2.5-3 mm long, the sepals 1.5—2 mm long beyond
23
26 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. |. Heteropterys oxenderi. a. Flowering branch, x0.5. b. Large leaf, abaxial view, x0.5.c. Base of
lamina, abaxial view, and distal half of petiole, x2.5. d. Hairs me abaxial surface of lamina, et hair
m between veins (left) and brown hairs from veins (right), x5. e. Apex of lamina to show marginal
meen x2.5. f. Flower bud, x5. g. Flower, side view, x4. h. Posterior petal, adaxial view, x4. i. Lateral petal,
adaxial view, x4. j}. Androecium laid out, abaxial view, all anthers removed except from stamen opposite
posterior petal, x7.5.k. Gynoecium, anterior style in center, x10. 1. Samara, x1. (Based on: a, f-k, Lewis
40696, MICH; b-e, |, Salinas 3051, MICH.)
the glands; anterior sepal eglandular but partially covered by the 2 adjacent glands;
all sepals ovate or elliptical with minutely denticulate margin and rounded apex,
abaxially loosely sericeous in center and glabrous toward margin, adaxially glabrous,
appressed in anthesis. Petals “yellow-orange,” glabrous, exposed in enlarging bud,
abaxially smooth, the lateral 4 strongly reflexed in the claw, with the limb 4.5—5 mm
2005 W.R. ANDERSON: HETEROPTERYS OXENDERI 27
long, 3-3.2 mm wide, obovate or elliptical, minutely denticulate, truncate or slightly
hastate at the base, the claw 1.3-1.5 mm long; posterior petal hardly different, but
with the claw thicker and spreading, not reflexed, and the limb spreading to reflexed.
Filaments 2.5—3 mm long, slightly longer opposite sepals than petals, glabrous, con-
nate in the basal half; anthers 1.3-1.6 mm long, glabrous, reflexed in anthesis. Ovary
ca 2 mm high, densely hirsute; styles 1.5—1.8 mm long, divergent distally, with a short
dorsal hook (0.1-0.2 mm long) at the apex. Samara 35-40 mm long; nut 10-13 mm
long, 8-10 mm high, without any sort of winglets or other outgrowths on sides, brown-
tomentose to glabrescent; dorsal wing 25-37 mm long, 13-18 mm wide, + persistently
brown-tomentose or whitish-subsericeous; ventral areole 6-7 mm high, ca 3 mm wide,
ovate.
ADDITIONAL COLLECTION EXAMINED. Bolivia. LA Paz: Inquisivi Province, comunidad Khora-
Lakachaca, cuenca del Rio Miguillas, 20 km de Choquetanga, 16°40'S, 67°20'W, 1450 m, bosque, May fr,
Salinas 3051 (MICH).
Heteropterys oxenderi is a member of a group of three species, the other two
being H. sylvatica Adr. Juss. and H. mollis (Nied.) Nied. in Engl. The H. sylvatica
group is defined by stipules epipetiolar if present; petioles usually biglandular
between middle and apex; lamina glands marginal if present; inflorescence an
unbranched axillary pseudoraceme; bracts long, narrow, and deciduous in anthesis;
peduncle longer than pedicel; bracteoles apical or subapical, one or both usually
bearing 1-2 large abaxial glands; sepals appressed in anthesis; and petals yellow.
Heteropterys oxenderi, known only from La Paz province of Bolivia, differs from the
other two species in these ways: the lamina, even in age, is abaxially so densely woolly
that the long-stalked hairs completely hide the epidermis; the abaxial hairs are brown
on the midrib and lateral veins and stramineous or white between the veins; the distal
third of the lamina bears large bulging marginal glands + hidden by the vesture; the
pseudoracemes are stout and 7-13 cm long; and the two posterior calyx glands are
hardly or not at all more decurrent than the other six. In contrast, H. mollis and H.
sylvatica are known from Santa Cruz, Bolivia (both), Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (H.
sylvatica), Jujuy, Argentina (both), and Salta, Argentina (7. sylvatica). Their abaxial
lamina hairs are all white and short-stalked, and even at their densest they never
completely hide the epidermis of older leaves; the lamina margin is usually eglandu-
lar, but may bear few to many small discoid glands; the slender pseudoracemes are
2-7 (—10) cm long; and the two posterior calyx glands are notably more decurrent
onto the pedicel than the other six. The only reliable distinction between H. sylvatica
and H. mollis is that in the former the lamina is abaxially glabrate at maturity, while
in the latter the lamina is persistently tomentose below.
The epithet of Heteropterys oxenderi honors my friend and former student Ben-
jamin J. Oxender (b. 1977), in appreciation of his assistance to me during his years in
the University of Michigan Herbarium.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Karin Douthit prepared the lovely drawing of Heteropterys oxenderi with her usual skill. The fruiting
specimen that showed the correct generic placement of this species came from the Herbario Nacional de
Bolivia (LPB).
7
Bn — 7 OS _ -_
7 a a a -
OS er - So SS
a 7 — a a == 7 > 7 oO a a ne _ a
- _
©
: :
a
7 =
a 7
7 a
- ee - SO ee 7
> - > _ _ a
eet
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 29-32. 2005.
TETRAPTERYS ANOMALA,
A NEW SPECIES OF MALPIGHIACEAE FROM GUYANA
William R. Anderson
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
AssTRACT. The new species Tetrapterys anomala W. R. Anderson is described, illustrated, and dis-
cussed. Among the known species of Tetrapterys subgenus Tetrapterys it is unique in its coherent styles,
and nearly unique in combining minute, distinct, interpetiolar stipules with glands on the abaxial surface
of the lamina. The presence of miniature leaves in the inflorescence and outgrowths between the dorsal
and lateral wings of the samara suggests that its closest relatives may be T. discolor (G. Mey.) DC. and
allies in section Jetrapterys
Niedenzu (1928) placed the species of Tetrapterys with umbels (as opposed to
pseudoracemes) in his subgenus Caulolepis Nied., which we would today call subge-
nus Tetrapterys because it includes the lectotype of the genus, 7: inaequalis Cav. All of
those species have the stipules interpetiolar, i.e., borne on the stem between and quite
distinct from the petioles. Niedenzu's groupings within that subgenus rely heavily on
whether the stipules between each pair of petioles are distinct or connate. Another
informative character in that subgenus (not emphasized by Niedenzu) is the position
of the lamina glands, marginal or borne on the abaxial surface. The plant described
here does not have its states of those two characters associated as they are in most
species of the subgenus, and its gynoecium is most peculiar. I am proposing for this
species the epithet anomala to draw attention to its gynoecium and to its association
of distinct stipules with glands on the surface of the lamina.
Tetrapterys anomala W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.—Type: Guyana. Potaro-Siparuni
Region: Mt. Ayanganna, east face, plateau above first escarpment, 1 km
of camp, 1100 m, 05°20'19"N, 59°56'46" W, dense forest on white sand, sand-
stone, and peat, 13 Jun 2001 fl, Clarke 9105 (holotype: MICH!). Fig. 1.
Liana caulibus pertinaciter sericeis; lamina foliorum majorum 6.5—9 cm longa,
3.24.5 cm lata, abaxialiter tenuiter sed pertinaciter sericea et multis glandulis minutis
dispersis inter costam et marginem instructa; petiolus 7-12 mm longus, eglandulo-
sus; stipulae nullae (?) vel minutae, distinctae, interpetiolares; inflorescentia foliis
diminutis instructa, floribus in umbellis 4-floris portatis; petala aurantiaca, glabra;
stamina + aequalia; styli 3, aequales, crassi, erecti, cohaerentes sed non connati, stig-
matibus non terminalibus; samara 4 alis lateralibus 15-20 mm longis, 5-8 mm latis,
ala dorsali 7 mm alta, 3-5 mm lata, nuce inter alam dorsalem et alas laterales aliquot
alulis linearibus usque ad 6 mm longis et 1 mm latis instructa.
Liana, the stems densely and persistently sericeous or, when young, velutino-
sericeous. Lamina of larger leaves 6.5—9 cm long, 3.2-4.5 cm wide, ovate to nearly
elliptical, cuneate to rounded at base, abruptly short-acuminate at apex, originally
sericeous above but soon glabrate or persistently loosely sericeous on midrib, per-
sistently sericeous below with the hairs short, straight, strongly appressed and paral-
lel, numerous but not nearly abundant enough to hide epidermis except on midrib,
29
30 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. 1. Tetrapterys anomala. a. Flowering branch, x0.5. b. Abaxial surface of lamina to show minute
glands, x5. c. Node to show minute stipules on interpetiolar ridge, x5. d. 4-flowered umbel, x2.5. e. Flower
from above, posterior petal uppermost, x2.5. f. Lateral sepal, abaxial view, x7.5. g. Two stamens, abaxial
view, x15. h. Gynoecium from young flower with styles coherent, x10. i. Gynoecium from old flower after
styles have separated, x10.j. Apex of style, x25. k. Samara, abaxial view, x1.5. (Based on: a-j, Clarke 9105,
MICH; k, Redden 2510, MICH.)
bearing impressed in abaxial surface between midrib and margin 6-12 tiny glands
on each side, ca. 0.3 mm in diameter, irregularly dispersed (i.e., not in a single row)
with none at very base, the principal lateral veins 6-9 on each side: petiole 7-12 mm
long, densely and + persistently sericeous, eglandular; stipules absent (?) or distinct
triangular nubbins ca. 0.3 mm long, borne on the low interpetiolar ridge, often + hid-
den by hairs, persistent (always?). Inflorescence axillary and terminal, densely and
persistently golden-velutino-sericeous, a panicle containing much-reduced elliptical
or orbicular leaves (non-floriferous bracts) with the lamina S—15 mm long and 3-12
mm wide, the petiole 2-5 mm long, and persistently densely sericeous on both sides,
the flowers borne in 4-flowered umbels; floriferous bracts 1.5-2.2 mm long, 0.8-1.2
mm wide, lanceolate or elliptical, abaxially sericeous, adaxially glabrous, eglandular,
persistent; peduncle 2.5-6.5 mm long, persistently loosely sericeous; bracteoles like
2004 W. ANDERSON: TETRAPTERYS ANOMALA oil
bracts but mostly somewhat smaller, borne at apex of peduncle; pedicel 4-7 mm
long, originally loosely sericeous but irregularly glabrescent to nearly glabrate in age.
Sepals 1.2-1.5 mm long beyond glands, 1.5—2 mm wide, broadly rounded, appressed
in anthesis, abaxially sericeous in center and glabrous toward margin, adaxially
glabrous, the lateral 4 biglandular with the glands yellow, 2-2.3 mm long, broadly
elliptical, symmetrical, sessile, the anterior sepal eglandular or bearing 1 small gland.
Petals orange, glabrous, entire or slightly erose; 4 lateral petals spreading, the limb
4 mm long, 44.5 mm wide, orbicular or obovate or slightly oblate, the claw 1.5—1.7
mm long; posterior petal suberect, the limb 3.5 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, oblate, the
claw 2.5 mm long and thicker than in lateral petals. Filaments ca. 2 mm long, + alike,
straight, connate proximally, abaxially pilose at base, adaxially glabrous; anthers ca. 1
mm long, + alike, glabrous (?) or sparsely sericeous on sides. Ovary ca. 1.5 mm high,
densely hirsute, all 3 locules fertile; styles 3, ca. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, alike, stout,
erect, pressed together in anthesis (coherent but not connate) and turned so that
their large (but not decurrent) stigmas face outward, obtuse at apex; styles separat-
ing in old flowers. Samaras separating from a pyramidal torus 3 mm high and 2.5 mm
across; samara loosely sericeous or tomentose on nut, sericeous on wings; 4 lateral
wings well developed, 15-20 mm long, 5-8 mm wide, narrowly obovate, subequal or
the upper pair slightly larger than the lower pair; dorsal wing 7 mm high, 3-5 mm
wide, semicircular or roughly triangular, extending between lateral wings at apex; nut
ribbed at right angles to dorsal wing and bearing between dorsal and lateral wings
several irregular linear outgrowths up to 6 mm long and | mm wide; ventral areole
34 mm high, 3 mm wide, ovate.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMEN EXAMINED. Guyana. CuyUNI-MAZzARUNI REGION: Pakaraima Mts., Mazaruni
River, NW of Chi-Chi Falls, along stream between two tepuis, ca. 1.5 km above Base Camp 2, 762 m,
05°35'48.6"N, 60°12'48.8" W, very moist, dense forest, Feb fr, Redden 2510 (MICH).
This species is known only from the two collections cited above. The label with
the type said it was a liana; that with Redden 2510 described it as a “tree to 4 m.”
Given the fact that most species in this genus are woody vines, I believe this one is
more likely to be a liana than a tree.
I can find only one other species of Tetrapterys that consistently combines
distinct interpetiolar stipules with glands on the surface of the lamina, the condi-
tion found in T: anomala. That species is T. mucronata Cav., which is common and
widespread in South America. As I have noted before (Anderson 2001, p. 183), 7:
mucronata is a variable species that may deserve division, but it could not possibly
accommodate the plants described here as T. anomala. Tetrapterys mucronata has the
leaves glabrous or soon glabrate, and the stems are usually similar. The inflorescence
lacks the miniature leaves found in 7 anomala, the floriferous bracts are very narrow,
and the calyx glands (if present) become stalked in age. The styles are distinct, long
and slender, tapered distally, with the small stigma terminal or slightly internal. The
upper lateral wings of the samara are much longer than the lower, about twice as
long. These characters suggest that 7’ anomala and T: mucronata are not even very
closely related.
The presence of miniature leaves (non-floriferous bracts) in the inflorescence
suggests that the closest relatives of T. anomala are probably to be found in section
Tetrapterys (section Lophogynixa Nied.), in which such bracts are common. Perhaps
one should look to T. discolor (G. Mey.) DC. and allied species, because those plants
have well-developed outgrowths between the dorsal and lateral wings of the samara,
32 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
as in 7’ anomala, but they all have much larger stipules that are connate in interpeti-
olar pairs, which are often caducous.
e gynoecium in 7’ anomala is unlike any I have seen before in Tetrapterys. In
early flower the three styles are coherent but easily separated, forming a columnar
structure as if they were standing back-to-back with their stigmas facing outward; the
appearance is reminiscent of the gynoecium in some species of Bunchosia. The stigma
is presumably on the internal angle of the style, which suggests that the styles must
be twisted so that the stigmas will face outward, but that twisting is not obvious in
the very limited material now available for study. The stout styles and large stigmas
are consistent with species of Tetrapterys section Tetrapterys, but the stigma here is
not decurrent, as it is in many species of section Tetrapterys.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The specimens described above came to MICH as a gift from the U.S. National Herbarium. The
drawing was prepared by Karin Douthit.
LITERATURE CITED
Anderson, W. R. 2001. Malpighiaceae. In Flora of the Venezuelan oe ed. P. E. Berry, K. Yatskievych,
and B. K. Holst, 6: 82-185. St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden
Niedenzu, F. 1928. Malpighiaceae. In Das Pflanzenreich, ed. A. See IV. 141: 1-870. Leipzig: Wilhelm
Engelmann.
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 33-44. 2005.
THE MASCAGNIA CORDIFOLIA GROUP
(MALPIGHIACEAE)
William R. Anderson
Charles C. Davis
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
Asstract. A revision is provided for the Mascagnia cordifolia group, five South American species
with basally biglandular petioles. The group comprises M. aptera W. R. Anderson, M. cordifolia (Adr. Juss.
in A. St.-Hil.) Griseb. in Mart., and three new species: M. aequatorialis W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis,
M. affinis W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis, and M. glabrata W. R. Anderson & C. Cay. Davis. The treatment
includes a key, descriptions, specimens studied, notes, a distribution map, and illustrations of M. aequato-
rialis, M. aptera, and M. cordifolia.
Mascagnia (Bertero ex DC.) Colla, as treated by Niedenzu (1928) and other
authors, is a diverse assemblage of about 100 species of wing-fruited Malpighiaceae.
Anderson (e.g., 1990, p.51) has suggested repeatedly that the genus in the broad tra-
ditional sense is possibly or probably polyphyletic, and recent molecular phylogenies
(Cameron et al. 2001; Davis et al. 2001, 2002) have supported his opinion—they show
that Mascagnia sens. lat. comprises at least six distinct clades. In a separate paper, now
in preparation, W. R. Anderson will divide Mascagnia sens. lat. into several putatively
monophyletic genera.
Mascagnia sens. str. is by far the largest clade within Mascagnia sens. lat. Most
species of Mascagnia sens. str. can be recognized by the following combination of
character-states (W. R. Anderson, unpublished data): vines with interpetiolar stipules,
glands impressed in the abaxial surface of the lamina, glabrous petals exposed in the
enlarging bud, orbicular membranous samaras with arching and anastomosing veins
in the lateral wing, and a smooth three-lobed disciform structure subtending the fruit.
The genus is easily subdivided: about 20 of the approximately 50 species have yellow
petals, and the others have petals that are pink, lilac, or white. Among the latter, one
group of five species is delineated by an easily observed character—a pair of large
glands at the base of the petiole. Those species, which we are calling the Mascagnia
cordifolia group, are the subject of this paper. Morphologically, the species of the
M. cordifolia group are typical of Mascagnia sens. str., and plastid DNA sequences
from M. cordifolia (C. C. Davis, unpublished data) nest it among other species of the
genus. The group comprises Mascagnia cordifolia (Adr. Juss. in A. St.-Hil.) Griseb.
in Mart., three species that are essentially sympatric with and morphologically very
similar to M. cordifolia (M. affinis W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis, M. aptera W. R.
Anderson, and M. glabrata W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis), and one species (M.
aequatorialis W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis) that is morphologically distinct and
geographically isolated (Fig. 1). Basally biglandular petioles are otherwise unknown
in Mascagnia, and are putatively synapomorphic for the M. cordifolia group. The
five species treated here also have pink petals that are abaxially carinate or alulate
and straight styles that are dorsally rounded or truncate at the apex. On the basis of
overall morphological similarity it seems very likely that M. cordifolia, M. aptera, M.
affinis, and M. glabrata are monophyletic. It will be interesting to test whether the
monophyly of the whole group will be supported when we get better morphological
33
34 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
go° 70° 60° 50° 40°
Mascagnia
B@ aequatorialis
Vv affinis 7
¢ aptera
e cordifolia
A glabrata
FIG. 1. Distribution of species in the Mascagnia cordifolia group.
information about M. aequatorialis and representative sequence data for members
of the group and for other pink-flowered species of Mascagnia sens. str. See under
M. cordifolia a discussion of M. strigulosa (Rusby) Nied. in Engl., a species that
resembles M. cordifolia in some characters but lacks the petiole glands that we have
used to circumscribe the group.
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE MASCAGNIA CORDIFOLIA GROUP
—
. Lamina densely and persistently silver-metallic-sericeous below; Amazonian Ecuador.
M. aequatorialis
. Lamina hairy to glabrate below, velutinous, tomentose, or loosely sericeous if hairy, never metal-
lic-sericeous; Amazonian and southern Brazil and adjacent Peru and Boliv
2. Scandent subshrub; samara reduced to a nut with dorsal crest, the Ge wing completely
absent. M. aptera
—
2005 ANDERSON & DAVIS: MASCAGNIA 35
2. Vigorously twining vine, often forming thickets or climbing high in trees; samara with a large
membranous lateral wing (as in most species of the genus)
3. Lamina densely and persistently velutinous below, the hairs V-shaped. M. cordifolia
3. Lamina tomentose or loosely sericeous to glabrate below, the hairs (if present) straight to
sinuous or twiste
4. Lamina densely and persistently subsericeous to tomentose below, the hairs dense
enough to touch each other over the whole surface. M. affinis
4. Lamina thinly sericeous to glabrate below, the hairs dense enough to touch each other
only on midrib and lateral veins. M. glabrata
Mascagnia aequatorialis W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis, sp. nov.—T PE: Ecuapor.
apo: Estacién Biolédgica Jatun Sacha, Rio Napo, 8 km E of Misahuallt,
01°04'S, 77°36'W, 450 m, disturbed wet tropical forest, 22 Oct 1988 imm fl,
Ceron M. & Iguago 5475 (holotype: MICH!; isotype: MO!). Fig. 2.
Liana; lamina foliorum majorum 11-16.5 cm longa, 7.5—14 cm lata, late ovata,
abaxialiter dense et pertinaciter argenteosericea; petiolus 15-25 (-30) mm longus,
basi biglandulosus; flores in pseudoracemis 25-70-floris portati, pedunculis 10-15 mm
longis, pedicellis immaturis 3-5 mm longis; 1 bracteola cujusque paris eglandulosa,
altera 1 glandula magna instructa; petala rosea, abaxialiter carinata; styli recti erec-
tique, apice dorsaliter rotundati.
Liana, the stems brown-sericeous with the hairs persistent during first year of
growth, the leafy flowering branches borne on old woody stems. Lamina of larger
leaves 11-16.5 cm long, 7.5-14 cm wide, broadly ovate, broadly cuneate, rounded, or
broadly cordate at base, abruptly short-acuminate at apex, persistently subsericeous
above with the hairs sessile and nearly straight but the branches somewhat raised,
densely and persistently silver-metallic-sericeous below with sessile, straight, +
appressed hairs, bearing an abaxial row of 4-5 impressed glands on each side between
midrib and margin with the most proximal glands remote from base, the principal
lateral veins 6-8 on each side; petiole 15-25 (-30) mm long, persistently sericeous,
biglandular at base with the glands 1-2 mm in diameter; stipules 1-1.8 mm long, nar-
rowly triangular, sericeous, borne on stem between petioles. Inflorescences axillary,
6-11 cm long, unbranched or branched near middle and then a panicle of 3 (-5) pseu-
doracemes, each pseudoraceme containing 25-70 or more crowded ascending flowers,
the axes (including peduncles and pedicels) brown- or white-sericeous; bracts 1-2 mm
long, triangular, abaxially white-sericeous, eglandular or the lowest pair biglandular;
peduncle 10-15 mm long; bracteoles 0.8-1.1 mm long, borne 0.5-2 mm below apex
of peduncle, abaxially white-sericeous, usually 1 of each pair eglandular and the
other bearing 1 prominent discoid eccentric abaxial gland 0.6—-1 mm in diameter, but
sometimes 1 bracteole bearing 2 glands and rarely both bracteoles bearing glands;
pedicel (in bud) 3-5 mm long, much shorter than peduncle. Flowers known only in
bud. Sepals 0.5-1 mm long beyond glands, abaxially white-sericeous, all 5 apparently
biglandular but glands on the anterior sepal smaller or connate with adjacent glands.
Petals pink, glabrous, abaxially carinate with the keel 0.2-0.3 mm wide on lateral pet-
als, narrower on posterior petal. Stamens glabrous; filaments longer opposite sepals
than opposite petals; anthers alike, 1.3-1.5 mm long. Ovary densely sericeous; styles
alike, straight and erect, dorsally rounded at apex. Fruit unknown.
e epithet of Mascagnia aequatorialis refers to the source of its type and
only known collection, which came from just south of the equator in the country
named for the equator (Fig. 1). In spite of the immaturity of the type and the lack of
samaras, we have no doubt that it belongs in Mascagnia sens. str., because no other
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
\ \ ’
AY We
cm
= \
ae <=
= EE a
chs
FIG. 2. Mascagnia aequatorialis. a. Flowering branch from old stem, crossed by younger stem, x0.5.
b. Node showing stipules and petiolar glands, x4. c. Enlargement of abaxial surface of lamina showing
gland and appressed vesture, x5. Detached large leaf, 0.5. e. Flower bud and portion of inflorescence
axis, x2.5. f. Stamen from bud, x7.5. g. Gynoecium from bud, x7.5. (Based on Cerén M. & Iguago 5475,
MICH.)
genus shows this combination of interpetiolar stipules, basally biglandular petioles
impressed leaf glands, elongated many-flowered pseudoracemes, bracteoles with one
of each pair bearing a large eccentric abaxial gland, and pink carinate petals. Within
the M. cordifolia group, M. aequatorialis is immediately distinguished by its metallic-
sericeous leaves, and its wet-forest habitat also sets it apart; it is far-disjunct from the
other members of the group. The thick stems to which the leafy branches of the type
are attached suggest that this plant is a large, woody liana.
2005 ANDERSON & DAVIS: MASCAGNIA Sf
Mascagnia affinis W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis, sp. nov.—T PE: BRazIL. Mato
Grosso: Rod. MT-265, Km 60-70 do trevo com a Rod. BR-174 (Mun. Porto
Espiridiado), cerrado, 27 Oct 1995 fi/imm fr, Hatschbach 63949 (holotype:
MBM1!; isotype: MICH!).
Mascagniae cordifoliae affinis, sed laminis supra subsericeis et subtus dense et
pertinaciter subsericeis vel tomentosis.
Woody vine, the stems persistently brown-velutinous or subsericeous. Lamina
of larger leaves 5-17 cm long, 3.5-11 cm wide, elliptical or (mostly) ovate to rotund,
sometimes wider than long, truncate, rounded, or cordate at base, acute or abruptly
short-acuminate or apiculate to rounded at apex, subsericeous above with the very
short hairs appressed to somewhat raised and often abraded in age, densely and per-
sistently subsericeous to tomentose below with the hairs dense enough to touch over
the whole surface, varying from nearly straight and appressed to raised and many
hairs sinuous to twisted, bearing an abaxial row of 2-4 impressed glands on each side
between midrib and margin with the most proximal glands remote from base, the
principal lateral veins 4~7 on each side; petiole 7-35 mm long, persistently brown-
velutinous or tomentose, biglandular at base with the glands 0.5—1.2 mm in diameter;
stipules 1-1.5 mm long, narrowly triangular, loosely sericeous, borne on stem between
petioles. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, 2-9 cm long, unbranched pseudoracemes
containing 10-40 or more crowded to somewhat distant flowers, the axes (including
peduncles) brown- or stramineous-velutinous or tomentose or subsericeous; bracts
1-2 mm long, narrowly triangular, eglandular or the lowest pair biglandular; pedun-
cle 5-12 mm long; bracteoles 0.8-1.5 mm long, 1 or both borne up to 3 mm below
apex of peduncle, 1 of each pair usually eglandular and symmetrically triangular,
the other bearing 1 prominent eccentric discoid gland 0.5—1.1 mm in diameter an
asymmetrically lanceolate or falcate, sometimes 1 bracteole bearing 2 glands or both
bracteoles bearing | gland; bracts and bracteoles loosely sericeous; pedicel 4-8 mm
long, loosely sericeous, the hairs white. Sepals 1 mm long beyond glands, triangular
or ovate, rounded at apex, abaxially densely sericeous, adaxially glabrous, appressed
in anthesis; glands 2-2.5 mm long, 8 on 4 lateral sepals, the anterior sepal eglandular.
Petals pink, glabrous, abaxially carinate or alulate with the keel or winglet 0.2-0.5
mm wide: lateral petals spreading or reflexed, the limb 4.5-5S.5 mm long, 3.54.5 mm
wide, denticulate or erose at margin, the claw 1-1.5 mm long; posterior petal with
claw erect and limb reflexed, the limb 4.5-5 mm long, 3 mm wide, corrugated, dentate
or lacerate at margin, the claw 1.5 mm long. Stamens glabrous; filaments distinct,
1.5-2.5 mm long, longer opposite sepals than opposite petals; anthers 1.2-1.5 mm
long, + alike. Ovary 1.2 mm high, densely sericeous; styles glabrous, 2-2.5 mm long,
alike, erect from base, straight or distally recurved, dorsally rounded or truncate at
apex. Samara thinly sericeous on wing, tomentose on nut, orbicular or broadly ovate,
the lateral wing membranous, 20-30 mm high and wide, continuous at base and apex,
entire or shallowly emarginate at base, notched up to halfway to nut at apex; dorsal
wing 9-12 mm high, 3-4 mm wide, triangular or rounded; ventral areole ca 4 mm
high, 2-3 mm wide, ovate.
Phenology. Collected with flowers and fruits in October and November.
Distribution (Fig. 1). Southwestern Mato Grosso, Brazil, and adjacent Bolivia;
cerrado and forest; 155-416 m.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Bolivia. SANTA CRUZ: Roboré, Cardenas 2974 (F); Prov. Velasco:
Serrania de Huanchaca, P. N. Noel Kempff, 14°37'S, 60°42'W, Foster 13721 (F); P. N. Noel Kempff,
14°33'19"S, 60°55'55"W, Gerlach et al. 17/01 & 19/01 (MICH); Campamento El Refugio, 14°33'30"S,
60°45'41"W, Guillén & Salvatierra 2307 (MICH); P. N. Noel Kempff, 25 km de Los Fierros, 14°33'30"S,
38 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
60°49'12"W, Killeen et al. 5841 (MICH). Brazil. Maro Grosso: Mun. Caceres a 45 km S da cidade de
Pontes e Lacerda, 15—16°S, 59-60°W, Cid Ferreira 6573 (MICH, NY).
This species is similar in most characters to Mascagnia cordifolia, which is why
we chose an epithet meaning “near.” However, while the many collections of M. cor-
difolia studied consistently have the lamina velutinous on both sides with V-shaped
hairs, the plants treated here as M. affinis have the lamina subsericeous above and
subsericeous to tomentose below. One collection not cited above merits comment.
Guillén & Roca 2495 (MICH), from Velasco, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, at 14°22'S, 61°09'W,
is intermediate in its leaf vesture between M. affinis, which is known from the same
general area, and M. cordifolia, which has not been collected in Santa Cruz. It may be
that the two closely related species both occur in Velasco and hybridize there.
Mascagnia aptera W. R. Anderson, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 14: 17. 1980.—T ype:
BraziL. Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimaraes, 22 Oct 1973 fl/fr, Prance et
al. 19274 (holotype: INPA!; isotypes: MICH! NY! US!). Figy.3,
Scandent subshrub, the stems velutinous to glabrate. Lamina of leaves 2.5—5.8
cm long, 1.8—5 cm wide, broadly elliptical or suborbicular, cordate at base, rounded
and apiculate at apex, rugose above and persistently velutinous with the hairs sessile
and V-shaped or short-stalked and Y-shaped, densely and persistently white-lanate
below with the hairs sessile, long and soft, substraight or twisted, appressed or some-
what spreading, with 3-4 impressed glands on each side of abaxial surface in a row
between margin and midrib, the most proximal glands remote from base; petiole 2—S
mm long, velutinous, bearing 2 large glands at or just above base; stipules 0.4 mm
long, triangular, borne on stem between petioles. Inflorescences axillary and terminal,
unbranched pseudoracemes 2-3.5 cm long, containing 6-14 flowers crowded in distal
half, the axis velutinous or loosely sericeous; bracts 1-2 (—3) mm long, narrowly trian-
gular or subulate, eglandular or the lowest pair biglandular; peduncle 4—5.5 mm long,
velutinous; bracteoles borne slightly below apex of peduncle, 1 of each pair 1-1.5
mm long, eglandular, narrowly linear or subulate, the other 1.5—2 mm long, bearing |
large eccentric abaxial gland, falcate; bracts and bracteoles velutinous: pedicel 2.5—5.5
mm long, pilose-sericeous. Sepals 0.5—1 mm long beyond glands, ovate or triangular,
obtuse or rounded at apex, abaxially densely pilose-sericeous, adaxially glabrous,
appressed in anthesis; glands ca 2 mm long, 8 on 4 lateral sepals, the anterior sepal
eglandular. Petals reddish pink, glabrous; lateral petals spreading or reflexed, the limb
4.8—5 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, erose or denticulate at margin, abaxially alulate with
the winglet 0.4 mm wide, the claw 1-1.2 mm long; posterior petal erect, the limb 5.5
mm long, 3 mm wide, flat or corrugated, proximally denticulate and distally fimbriate
at margin, abaxially carinate, the claw 1-1.2 mm long. Stamens glabrous; filaments
connate at base, 2.1-2.5 mm long, longer opposite sepals than opposite petals; anthers
1.3-1.5 mm long, + alike. Ovary 1.2 mm high, loosely pilose-sericeous; styles glabrous,
2.5 mm long, + alike, straight and erect or diverging distally, dorsally rounded at apex.
Samara pilose, reduced to a nut 3.5-4 mm long bearing a dorsal crest 0.5-1.5 mm
wide, the lateral wing completely absent; ventral areole 3.5 mm high, ovate.
This peculiar species is still known only from the type, which was collected
among sandstone rocks at 720 m in October. Its samara has lost the large membra-
nous lateral wing found in almost all other species of Mascagnia sens. str. In that loss
M. aptera is unique; unlike most of the larger samara-bearing genera, Mascagnia sens.
str. has not experienced the repeated loss of wings discussed by Anderson (2001,
pp. 84-85). Indeed, the samaras of Mascagnia are so conserved as to make them of
2005 ANDERSON & DAVIS: MASCAGNIA 39
FIG. 3. Mascagnia aptera. a. Flowering branch, x0.5. b. Node showing stipules and petiolar wae
x5. c. Hairs from adaxial surface of lamina, x35. d. Hair from abaxial surface of lamina, x35. e. Flower,
x5. f. Anthers, left opposite petal, right opposite sepal, x12.5. g. Distal portion of style, 30. i Fruit a 2
samaras removed, x4. i. Samara, adaxial view, x4. (Based on Prance et al. 19274, MICH.)
limited taxonomic value in most cases. Aside from that difference, M. aptera strongly
resembles M. cordifolia, which is a vigorously twining woody vine with larger leaves
that are densely velutinous on both surfaces; its stipules are also longer.
Mascagnia cordifolia (Adr. Juss. in A. St.-Hil.) Griseb. in Mart., Fl: Bras. 12(1): 95.
1858. Hiraea cordifolia Adr. Juss. in A. St.-Hil., Fl. Bras. Merid. 3: 19, pl.
164. 1833 [1832”].—Tyee: Brazit. Near Curumatahy [=Curimatai, Minas
Gerais? ], A. St.-Hilaire (lectotype, designated by W. R. Anderson, 1993: P!;
isolectotypes: P!). Fig. 4.
Hiraea cordifolia var. mollifolia Adr. Juss. in A. St.-Hil., Fl. Bras. Merid. 3: 19.
1833 [1832”].—Tyee: BRaziL. Goids: “Mato Grosso,” A. St.-Hilaire Cat. C1
no. 840 (lectotype, here designated: P!, the sheet shown in WRA negative
81-21-16 [MICH]; isolectotypes: P!).
Mascagnia rubra Griseb. in Martt., Fl. Bras. 12(1): 90. 1858.—T ye: BRaziL. Tocan-
tins [“Goids”]: Natividade, Gardner 3067 (isotype: K!).
40 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Mascagnia cordifolia var. cornifolia Griseb., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk. Naturhist.
Foren. Kjgbenhavn 1875: 147. 1875.—Type: Brazit. Minas Gerais: Lagoa
Santa [fide Grisebach] (holotype: B-W 8862, microfiche!).
Hiraea volubilis S. Moore, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Ser. 2, Bot., 4: 328. 1895.—
Type: Brazit. Mato Grosso: “Santa Cruz,” Oct-Nov 1891 fl, Moore 647
(lectotype, here designated: BM!; isolectotypes: K! NY! P!).
Mascagnia cordifolia var. cinerascens Skottsb., Kongl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad.
Handl. 35(6): 4. 1901.—T ype: BraziL. Mato Grosso: Cuiaba, Malme 1364 p.p.
(7/2/1894 fi/fr) (holotype: S!; isotypes: S!).
Mascagnia cordifolia var. fusca Suess., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 46.
1937.—TyreE: BraziL. Acre: Rio Macauhan, 4 Sep 1933 fl, Krukoff 5781
(holotype: M; isotypes: F! G! K! MICH! MO! NY! U!).
Woody vine, often forming thickets, the stems persistently brown-velutinous.
Lamina of larger leaves 6-15 (-20) cm long, 5-10 (-12) cm wide, broadly elliptical
or (mostly) ovate to rotund, broadly cuneate, rounded, or cordate at base. abruptly
short-acuminate or apiculate to rounded at apex, persistently velutinous above (or
the hairs abraded in age) with the hairs V-shaped from a swollen base, densely and
persistently velutinous below with the hairs V-shaped, bearing an abaxial row of 2-7
impressed glands on each side between midrib and margin with the most proximal
glands remote from base, the principal lateral veins 5—6 on each side and connected
by scalariform cross-veins; petiole 7-25 (-30) mm long, persistently brown-velutinous,
biglandular at base with the glands 1-2 mm in diameter; stipules 1-3 mm long, nar-
rowly triangular, loosely sericeous, borne on stem between petioles. Inflorescences
axillary, 2-22 cm long, unbranched or sometimes branched near middle and then a
panicle of 3 (-5) pseudoracemes, each pseudoraceme containing 10-50 crowded to
distant flowers, the axis (including peduncles) brown- (rarely white- or stramineous-)
velutinous; bracts 1—-3.5 mm long, narrowly triangular or subulate, eglandular (very
rarely bearing 2 tiny marginal glands at base); peduncle 4-10 mm long: bracteoles
1-2 mm long, borne at apex of peduncle or up to 2 mm below, usually 1 of each pair
eglandular and symmetrically triangular, the other bearing 1 prominent eccentric
discoid gland 0.7-1.5 mm in diameter and asymmetrically lanceolate or falcate,
sometimes 1 bracteole bearing 2 glands or both bracteoles bearing 1 gland; bracts
and bracteoles abaxially velutinous or subsericeous; pedicel 4-9 mm long, velutinous
to loosely sericeous, the hairs white. Sepals 1-1.5 mm long beyond glands, ovate or
triangular, obtuse or rounded at apex, abaxially densely sericeous, ciliate on margin,
adaxially glabrous, appressed in anthesis; glands 1.5-3 mm long, 8 on 4 lateral sepals,
the anterior sepal eglandular (?) or its glands connate with adjacent glands. Petals
pink or pink and white, glabrous; lateral petals spreading or reflexed, the limb 4-6
mm long, 3-5 mm wide, entire or denticulate at margin, abaxially + prominently
alulate with the winglet 0.3-0.6 mm wide, the claw 1-1.6 mm long; posterior petal
erect, the limb 5-6 mm long, 3.5-4 mm wide, corrugated, dentate or short-fimbriate
at margin, abaxially proximally carinate or alulate with the keel 0.2-0.3 mm wide, the
claw 1.5 mm long. Stamens glabrous; filaments connate at very base, 1.5-2 mm long,
longer opposite sepals than opposite petals; anthers 1.3-1.8 mm long, + alike. Ovary
1.5 mm high, densely pilose; styles glabrous, 1.5-2.5 mm long, alike or the anterior
slightly shorter and slenderer than the posterior 2, erect from base, straight or distally
recurved, dorsally rounded or truncate (to rarely apiculate) at apex. Samara thinly
sericeous on wing, tomentose on nut, orbicular or wider than high, the lateral wing
membranous, (16—) 20-35 mm high, (20—) 25-40 mm wide, continuous at base and
2005 ANDERSON & DAVIS: MASCAGNIA 4]
enon
“ ae
a .
a ween —
FIG. 4. Mascagnia cordifolia. a. Flowering branch, x0.5. b. Node showing stipules and glands at base
of petioles, x2.5. c. Enlarged portion of abaxial surface of lamina, showing vesture and gland, x2.5. d. Hairs
from abaxial surface of lamina (left) and adaxial surface (right), x15. e. Large leaf, adaxial view, 0.5. f
Flower bud and porti ion of inflorescence axis, x3.5. g. Lateral petal, side view, x5. h. Posterior petal, cael
view, x5. i. Abaxial view of four stamens, those with longer filaments opposite sepals, x7.5.j}. Gynoecium,
x7.5. k. Samaras, abaxial view (left) and adaxial view eee x0.75. Cee on: a—-d, Schiavini 69, MICH;
e, Hatschbach 49588, MICH; f-j, Silva et al. 2314, MICH; k, Anderson 11311, H.)
42 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
apex, notched up to halfway to nut at apex; dorsal wing 8-16 mm high, 2-5 mm wide,
triangular and widest at base or irregular in shape; ventral areole 3-4 mm high,
2mm wide, ovate.
Phenology. Collected with flowers and fruits in all months, but most commonly
from August through December.
Distribution (Fig. 1). Southern Brazil from about 10°S to about 24°S (except
Bahia) and adjacent Bolivia, with outlier populations farther north in Amazonas and
Para; most often in cerrado but also in campo, thickets, secondary forest, and at the
edge of wet forest; 230-1400 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Bolivia. BENI, Prov. Vaca Diez: Riberalta 53 km hacia el S, Beck 20464
(MICH); E side of Riberalta, 11°00'S, 66°05' Vs ene 6259 (MICH, MO, NY).—Panpo: Prov. Manuripi,
30 km al N de Puerto América, 11°35'39"S, 68°02'52"W, Jardim et al. 2432 (MICH). Brazil. AMAzoNas:
Estrada Manaus-Itacoatiara Km 104, a et al. s.n. [INPA 21231] (US); Manaus —Itacoatiara road Km
214, Prance et al. 4 NY).—Distrito FEDERAL: Catetinho, 15 km SW of Brasilia, Irwin & Soderstrom
6150 (MO, NY); Corrego Jeriva, 10 km E of Brasilia, /rwin et al. 8351 (MO, NY); Fazenda Agua Limpa,
15°58'25"S, 47°54'37" W, Pereira Neto & Alvarenga 368 (MICH).—Espiriro Santo: Reserva Natural da
CVRD, Linhares, eciada Santa Terezinha, Folli 3809 (MICH).—GotAs: Chapada dos Veadeiros, E of Alto
Paraiso on road to Nova Roma, Anderson 6583 (NY); Chapada dos Veadeiros, 7 km de Colinas/Caval-
cante, Silva et al. 2314 (MICH); Mun. Niquelandia, 4 km de Niquelandia, 14°26'38"S, 48°26'13" W, Fonseca
et al. 1151 (MICH); Mun. Caldas Novas, 9 km NW of Caldas Novas, 17°43'S, 48°42'W, Heringer & Eiten
14225 (MICH, MO); Serra do Caiap6, 50 km § of Caiapénia on road to Jataf, Irwin & Bes 7341
(MICH, MO, NY); 70 km SE of Aragarcas on road to Piranhas, Irwin et al. 17650 (MICH, NY); Mozarlan-
dia, Pereira 364 (MICH).—Mato Grosso po Sut: Mun. Rio Verde, near Rio Verde, Anderson 11246
(MBM, MICH, MO, NY); Pantanal do Rio Negro, 19°30'S, 56°10'W, Dubs 355 (MICH); Mun. Bataguacu,
Porto XV, Hatschbach 24993 (NY); Mun. Nioaque, Hatschbach 52433 (MICH, MO); Mun. Aquidauana,
Serra de Maracaju, Hatschbach 63403 (MICH).—Mato Grosso: | km § of Rondonépolis, peg 11311
(MBM, MICH, MO, NY); Rib beirao Claro, NW of Alto Araguaia, Anderson 11398 (MBM, MICH, NY);
Mun. Alto shies oy ad Curupira—Arenapolis, 14°57'S, 56°51'W, Dubs 1706 ( (MICH); Mane ae do
Gargas, Vale do Sonho, Hatschbach 40129 (MICH); Mun. Chapada dos Guimaraes, Agua Fria, Hatschbach
66852 (MICH); 2 km S of Xavantina, 14°40'S, 52°20'W, Irwin & Soderstrom 6299 (MICH, NY); 50 km N
of Barra do Gargas on road to Xavantina, Irwin & Soderstrom 6893 (MICH, MO, NY); 200 km NW of
Cuiaba, Maguire et al. 56857 (MICH, NY).—Mtnas Gerais: entre Pirapora e Montes Claros, Castellanos
24213 (NY); Triangulo region, Goodland 840 (MICH, NY): Mun. Oliveira, Cérrego Dias, Hatschbach
49588 (MICH); 12 km W de Itapagipe, Krapovickas & Cristébal 42763 (MICH): Campina Verde, Macedo
5583 (MICH); Mun. Santana do Riacho, Distr. Cardeal Mota, Martins 3 (MICH); Mun. Uberlandia, Est.
Ecol. do Panga, Schiavini 69 (MICH); Mun. Belo Horizonte, Morro das Pedras, Williams & Assis 7460
(MO).—Para: Serra dos Carajas, ae km 12, Silva & Ribeiro 3653 (MICH).—Ronponia: 13 km de
Vilhena, estrada para Chapada dos Parecis, 12°45'S, 60°10'W, mata alta, Vieira et al. 903 (MICH, MO,
ae AULO: Mun. Sao Carlos, S40 Carlos, Campos 47 (MO); Mun. Rancharia, Hatschbach 34810
(M Mun. Avaré, Represa Jurumirim, Hatschbach 45643 (MICH); Mun. Pirassununga, Pickel s.n.
ee he (MICH).
This common and widespread species is morphologically rather uniform
throughout most of its range. The disjunct populations in Amazonas and Para (see
Fig. 1) that are assigned here to M. cordifolia agree in most or all respects with the
populations of the Planalto cerrados. The single collection known from Espirito Santo
is atypical in several characters. Its lamina is not as densely velutinous as in most
populations, the petiole and bracteole glands are small, the stem and inflorescence
hairs are not as erect as usual, and the petals are only carinate, not alulate. Yet, in a
qualitative sense the plant of Espirito Santo agrees reasonably well with M. cordi-
folia, and there is no other described species that could accommodate it, so for the
present it is best left in this species with its closest relatives.
Not treated here is the following collection: BRaziL. ParA: Approx. 70 km from
Tucurut, 65 km SSW on old BR422, then 5 km NW on new logging road, 04°11'S,
49°44'W, forest on terra firme, Nov fr, Daly et al. 1436 (MICH, MO, NY). This plant
2005 ANDERSON & DAVIS: MASCAGNIA 43
resembles M. cordifolia in most characters, including large glands at the base of the
petiole. However, the collectors did not give a petal color and we can find no old pet-
als that would tell us whether or not they were alulate. The lamina is short-velutinous
above and subsericeous below, such that these specimens are somewhat intermediate
between M. affinis and M. cordifolia in their vesture. As Fig. | shows, the only other
collection from near this locality is the single one we have cited from Para, from the
Serra dos Carajas. The best disposition of Daly et al. 1436 will have to await further
study of Mascagnia sens. str., which may be aided by additional collections from Para
when they become available.
There is another species of Mascagnia in the Amazon, M. strigulosa (Rusby)
Nied. in Engl., that resembles M. cordifolia, because it has pink (or lilac) petals, leaves
that are persistently velutinous on both sides, axillary pseudoracemes, a large gland
on one of each pair of bracteoles, and erect to divergent styles. Mascagnia strigulosa is
easily excluded from this group of species because its petioles are always eglandular.
It further differs from M. cordifolia in having 24 large glands (1-2 mm in diameter)
at the abaxial base of the lamina, and its lateral petals are only carinate, with a nar-
row keel ca 0.1 mm wide.
Mascagnia glabrata W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis, sp. nov.—TyPE: BRAZIL. Rondo-
nia: Mineracdo Taboca, 10°15'S, 63°20'W, capoeira, solo pedregoso, 11 Oct
1979 fl/imm fr, Vieira, Zarucchi, Silva, Mota & Ramos 390 (holotype: INPA!;
isotypes: MICH! NY!).
Mascagniae cordifoliae affinis, sed laminis supra sparsim velutinis vel glabratis et
subtus sparsim sericeis vel glabratis.
Woody vine, the stems persistently brown-velutinous or subsericeous or glabres-
cent in age. Lamina of larger leaves 8-16 cm long, 6-10.5 cm wide, ovate, rounded
or cordate at base, acuminate to rounded and apiculate at apex, thinly velutinous
to glabrate above, the V- or Y-shaped hairs dense enough to touch only on midrib
and lateral veins, thinly sericeous to glabrate below, the mostly + straight, sessile or
short-stalked hairs dense enough to touch only on midrib and lateral veins, bearing
an abaxial row of 2-5 impressed glands on each side between midrib and margin with
the most proximal glands remote from base, the principal lateral veins 5—7 on each
side and connected by scalariform cross-veins; petiole 10-30 mm long, brown- or
whitish velutinous or tomentose or subsericeous, biglandular at base with the glands
1-2 mm in diameter; stipules 1-2 mm long, narrowly triangular, loosely sericeous,
borne on stem between petioles. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, 4-16 cm long,
unbranched or sometimes branched near middle and then a panicle of 3 pseudora-
cemes, each pseudoraceme containing 15-65 flowers, the axis (including peduncles)
brown-velutinous or subsericeous; bract 1.3-2 mm long, narrowly triangular, eglan-
dular; peduncle 8-14 mm long; bracteoles 0.7—2 mm long, borne at apex of peduncle
or up to 2 mm below, 1 of each pair eglandular and symmetrically triangular, the
other bearing 1 prominent eccentric discoid gland 0.8-1.1 mm in diameter and +
asymmetrically lanceolate or falcate; bracts and bracteoles loosely sericeous; pedicel
4-6 mm long, sericeous or subsericeous, the hairs white. Sepals ca 1 mm long beyond
glands, triangular or ovate, obtuse or rounded at apex, abaxially densely sericeous
or distally glabrous, adaxially glabrous, appressed in anthesis; glands 2-3 mm long, 8
on 4 lateral sepals, the anterior sepal eglandular. Petals pink, glabrous; lateral petals
spreading or reflexed, the limb 4.5-6 mm long, 3-6 mm wide, denticulate or erose at
margin, abaxially carinate or alulate with the keel or winglet 0.2-0.5 mm wide, the
44 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
claw 1-1.5 mm long; posterior petal erect, the limb 4.5-5 mm long, 4 mm wide, cor-
rugated, dentate or short-fimbriate at margin, abaxially carinate with the keel 0.1-0.3
mm wide, the claw 1.5 mm long. Stamens glabrous; filaments connate at base, 1.7—2
mm long, wider opposite petals than opposite sepals, slightly longer opposite sepals
than opposite petals; anthers 1.3-1.6 mm long, + alike. Ovary 1-1.5 mm high, densely
sericeous; styles glabrous or sericeous at base, 2~2.5 mm long, alike or the anterior
slightly shorter than the posterior 2, erect from base, straight or distally recurved,
dorsally rounded or truncate at apex. Immature samara thinly sericeous on wing,
tomentose on nut, orbicular, the lateral wing membranous, 25-30 mm high and wide,
continuous at base and apex, entire at base, notched 1/2-3/4 to nut at apex; dorsal wing
10 mm high, 4 mm wide, triangular; ventral areole ca 4 mm high, 3 mm wide, ovate.
Phenology. Collected with flowers from September to November, and with fruits
in October.
Distribution (Fig. 1). Western Brazil, northern Bolivia, and southeastern Peru
between about 10°S and 15°S; in thickets and high wet forest; 270-580 m.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Bolivia. LA Paz: Prov. Abel Iturralde, Parque Nacional Madidi,
bosque tropical Iluvioso primario, Macia et al. 4644 (580 m, May ster, MICH) & 6929 (320 m, Mar ster,
MICH). Brazil. Maro Grosso: Aripuana, near Humboldt Centre on road to Rio Juruena, 10°12'S,
59°21'W, forest on terra firme, Oct fl, Lleras & Lima P18256 (MICH); Mun. Porto dos Gatichos, 59.5
km W of Rio Teles Pires on road to Porto — Gatichos, 11°40'S, 56°17'W, Sep fl, sates! e al. 3986
(MICH). Peru. MApre pe Dios: Prov. Man arque Nacional Manu, Rio Manu, cece °16'W, 350
m, high forest on low floodplain, Sep fl, Foster eer ICH); Prov. Tambopata, Distr rto ve Idonado,
Cusco Amazonico, 13°08'S, 69°36'W, 270-300 m, bosque primario, Nov fl, Valenzuela Hae niiiph 1015
(MICH).
Like Mascagnia affinis, Mascagnia glabrata is a segregate from M. cordifolia,
differing from it in the vesture of the leaves, which are thinly velutinous to glabrate
above and thinly sericeous to glabrate below.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to Christiane Anderson for her helpful advice, to Karin Douthit for drawing the
illustrations, to Scott Mori for his helpful review, and to the curators of the following herbaria for giving us
s to their collections and for sending specimens to MICH as gifts and loans: BM, CEN, CTES, CVRD,
E G. IBGE, INPA, K, LPB, M, MA, MBM, MICH, MO, NY, P. S, SPSE, U, US, Z.
LITERATURE CITED
Anderson, W. R. 1990. Notes on neotropical Malpighiaceae—III. Contr. Univ. a, ser 39-54,
———. 1993. Notes on neotropical Malpighiaceae—IV. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 355
. 2001. Malpighiaceae. In Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, ed. P. E. Berry, K. eek and
B. K. Holst, 6: 82-185. St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press.
Cameron, K. M., M. W. Chase, W. R. Anderson, and H. G. Hills. 2001. Molecular Sera of Malpighia-
ceae: Eyidente from plastid rscL and marK sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1 1862.
Davis, C. C., W. R. Anderson, and M. J. Donoghue. 2001. Phylogeny a Malpighnceae: Evidence from
chloroplast vbxF and rrNn_-F nucleotide sequences. Amer. J. B 46.
Davis, C. C., C. D. Bell, S. Mathews, and M. J. Donoghue. 2002. Sack migration explains Gondwanan
disjunctions: Evidence from Malpighiaceae. Proc. Natl. Acad. U.S.A. 3-6837.
Niedenzu, F. 1928. Malpighiaceae. In Das Pflanzenreich, ed. A. Engler, IV. 141: 1-870. Leipzig: Wilhelm
Engelmann.
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 45—49. 2005.
TRANSFER OF MASCAGNIA LETICIANA
TO MALPIGHIA (MALPIGHIACEAE)
William R. Anderson
Charles C. Davis
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
Asstract. Mascagnia leticiana W. R. Anderson is transferred to Malpighia to become Malpighia
leticiana (W. R. Anderson) W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis, on the basis of a new phylogenetic analysis of
DNA sequences and morphological characters. The morphology of M. leticiana is illustrated and discussed
in the context of the problem of distinguishing between Malpighia and Mascagnia.
Anderson (1990) assigned Mascagnia leticiana W. R. Anderson to Mascagnia
because of its samara-like fruit. In a new, unpublished phylogenetic analysis of Mal-
pighiaceae, Mascagnia leticiana is nested within a very strongly supported Malpighia
clade (see Fig. 1). The purpose of this paper is to transfer this species from Mascag-
nia to Malpighia, and to discuss its morphology and the problem of distinguishing
between Malpighia and Mascagnia.
Malpighia leticiana (W. R. Anderson) W. R. Anderson & C. Cav. Davis, comb. nov.
Mascagnia leticiana W. R. Anderson, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 17: 48.
1990. Fig. 2a-g.
This species could fit into either Malpighia or Mascagnia in terms of its stip-
ules, leaf glands, petal color, androecium, and gynoecium; those characters support
Anderson’s contention (1990) that Malpighia and Mascagnia are closely related, but
do not provide a basis for assigning M. leticiana to one genus or the other. On the
other hand, the golden needle-like hairs of M. leticiana are found in no species of
Mascagnia but are common in Malpighia, and no species of Mascagnia forms trees
6 m tall, which was the size of the type and only known collection of M. leticiana; such
trees do occur in Malpighia. On both of these bases M. leticiana belongs in Malpi-
ghia. In addition, the short axillary umbels of M. /eticiana are like the inflorescences
of many (but not all) species of Malpighia, whereas most species of Mascagnia have
the flowers ultimately borne in pseudoracemes. This character, however, should be
interpreted with caution, because the umbels of Malpighia are condensed pseudo-
racemes and the inflorescence may not prove to be a reliable discriminator between
these genera (Anderson 2001).
The real problem with M. Jeticiana lies in its fruits. Malpighia and Mascagnia
have, for the most part, very different fruit types. In Malpighia the fruit is a fleshy
bird-dispersed berry, indehiscent except in M. albiflora (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec. and M.
verruculosa W. R. Anderson, in which the fleshy pyrenes grow apart as they mature
and separate at maturity. In Mascagnia the fruit is dry and dehiscent, breaking apart
at maturity into three membranous samaras with large lateral wings; for an example
of those samaras, see the illustration in this volume of Mascagnia cordifolia (Adr.
Juss.) Griseb. (Anderson & Davis 2005). This seemingly unequivocal distinction is
weakened by the presence of rudimentary winglets on the pyrenes of Malpighia,
45
46 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
97 _-—— Aspidopterys elliptica
Aspidopterys tomentosa
Caucanthus auriculatus
Madagasikaria andersonii
74 53 Microsteira sp.
50 Rhynchophora humbertii
Rhynchophora phillipsonii
Triaspis hypericoides
Malpighia albiflora
67 Malpighia emarginata
Malpighia stevensii
Malpighia glabra
Mascagnia leticiana
CS a Malpighia coccigera
Malpighia incana
100
eiybidjeyy
Mascagnia parvifolia
100 | 100 Mascagnia arenicola
100 Mascagnia arenicola
90 Mascagnia australis
Mascagnia cordifolia
100 Mascagnia polybotrya
Mascagnia polybotrya
55 Mascagnia vacciniifolia
99 | _Mascagnia brevifolia
Mascagnia divaricata
100 [_ Triopterys jamaicensis
|____ Triopterys paniculata
FIG. |. Phylogenetic tree for 25 species of Malpighiaceae, representing the malpighioid clade (sensu
Davis et al. 2001). Bootstrap values are given above branches for clades supported at >50%. The reduced
strict consensus tree shown here is extracted from a larger phylogenetic analysis of Malpighiaceae using
combined DNA sequences from plastid matK, ndhF, and rbcL, nuclear PHYC, and morphology; all genes
were sequenced for all taxa (Davis & Anderson, unpublished data). Vouchers for collections sequenced
are given in Appendix 1.
buried in the fleshy pericarp (Anderson 1978; see here Fig. 2h-j; note that the fruit
shown in i and j was not dehiscent, but when the flesh holding the pyrenes together
was removed the pyrenes could be separated). Those rudimentary winglets suggest
the probable origin of Malpighia from a Mascagnia-like ancestor with a winged,
wind-dispersed fruit. Nevertheless, for most species the distinction between Malpi-
ghia and Mascagnia is easy if one has fruits—if the fruit is indehiscent and fleshy the
genus is Malpighia, and if it is dry, dehiscent, and samaroid the genus is Mascagnia.
When Anderson (1990) studied the immature fruits on the type of M. leticiana,
he found them to be small and coriaceous (suggesting that they may have been some-
what fleshy), but conspicuously winged (Fig. 2g). The fruits were not dehiscent, but
he had no difficulty separating the mericarps and concluded that they probably do
separate at maturity. We have no way of knowing how fleshy the fruits may have been
2005 W. ANDERSON & DAVIS: MALPIGHTA LETICIANA 47
FIG. 2 Tee leticiana, M. novogaliciana, and M. rzedowskii. a—g, M. leticiana: a. Branch with
fruits, x0.5. b. N and abaxial surface of leaf, x2.5, with one needle-like hair enlarged, x5. c. Flower,
side view, with ee petal uppermost, x2.5. d. Posterior petal, x4. e. Androecium and gynoecium,
with anterior style in center and anthers removed from three posterior stamens, x6. f. Apex of style, x20.
ree views of immature mericarps, one adaxial (in center) and two abaxial, x1.5. h. M. novogaliciana:
cross-section of immature fruit to show developing wings of pyren rzedowskii: 1. Dried fruit,
intact, x1.5.j. Pyrenes with flesh removed, adaxial view (left) and ania view (right), x1.5, (Based on: a-g,
Torres C. 629, MICH; h, Bornstein 89b, MICH; i,j, McVaugh 16037, MICH.)
48 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
before being dried. The mericarps of M. /eticiana are perplexing because they do
not quite resemble the samaras of Mascagnia or the pyrenes of any known species of
Malpighia. Faced with this dilemma, Anderson chose to rely on the dry (?) dehiscent
(?) winged fruits as the most reliable indicator of generic position and assigned the
species to Mascagnia.
Given our new phylogenetic analysis and the morphological characters mentioned
above, we now believe this species is best placed in Malpighia; however, it remains
anomalous and problematic in that genus, too. Anderson suggested that M. leticiana
might represent an intermediate between Mascagnia and Malpighia, “with small
leathery samaras that became fleshy, thereby shifting from wind to birds as the agent
of dispersal” (Anderson 1990, p. 48). There may still be some conceptual merit in
thinking about this plant in that way, especially if future analyses place M. leticiana
sister to the core fleshy-fruited Malpighia clade; however, at the moment there is very
little support for the exact position of this species within Malpighia (Fig. 1). Alter-
natively, if M. leticiana is confirmed to be well nested within Malpighia, as suggested
(albeit weakly) by Fig. 1, it will have to be considered a species in which an indehis-
cent fleshy fruit reverted to something that secondarily resembles a Mascagnia-like
cluster of three samaras.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Davis was supported by NSF AToL (EF 04-31242), by a Rackham Faculty grant from the Uni-
versity of Michigan, and by the Michigan Society of Fellows. Figure 2 is a composite of drawings made by
Karin Douthit at various times over the last 17 years; her talent and consistent production of beautiful
drawings from difficult material are much appreciated.
LITERATURE CITED
Anderson, W. R. 1978 [*1977”]. Byrsonimoideae, a new subfamily of the Malpighiaceae. Leandra 7: 5-18.
990. Notes on neotropical Malpighiaceae—III. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 17: 39-54.
. 2001. Malpighiaceae. In Flora de Nicaragua, Angiospermas Cee ed Wale:
Stevens, C. Ulloa Ulloa, A. Pool, and O. M. Montiel. Monogr. Syst. Bot. 85(2): 945-19
Anderson, W. R., and C. C. Davis. 2005. The Mascagnia cordifolia group area Chats Univ.
Michigan Herb. 24: 33-44.
Davis, C. C., W. R. Anderson, and M. J. Donoghue. 2001. Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae: Evidence from
chloroplast NouF and 7rRN_-F nucleotide sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 1830-1846.
APPENDIX 1
VOUCHERS FOR SPECIES IN FIGURE 1
Aspidopterys elliptica (Blume) Adr. Juss.: Bogor XV1.G.110 (BO)
Aspidopterys tomentosa (Blume) Adr. Juss.: Tsi Zhanhuo 92-121 (MO)
Caucanthus auriculatus (Radlk.) Nied.: Knox 2128 (MICH)
Madagasikaria andersonii C. Cav. Davis: Davis 20-01 (A)
Malpighia albiflora (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.: Anderson 13815 (MICH)
Malpighia coccigera L.: University of Michigan as Garden 20626 (MICH)
Malpighia emarginata DC.: Anderson 13621 (M
Malpighia glabra L.: Fairchild Tropical Garden = o 104 pot
Malpighia incana Mill.: Fairchild ah ae Garden 81-303B
Mascagnia leticiana W. R. Anderson [= Malpighia leticiana]: ae res C. 629 (MICH)
Malpighia stevensti W.R. nee Davis 1019 (MICH
Mascagnia arenicola C. Anderson: Chase 90160 (MICH); Chase 90165 (MICH)
Mascagnia australis C. Anderson: Anderson 13592 (MICH)
2005 W. ANDERSON & DAVIS: MALPIGHIA LETICIANA 49
Mascagnia brevifolia Griseb.: Nee 51409 (MICH)
Mascagnia cordifolia (Adr. Juss.) Griseb.: Anderson 13626 ere
Mascagnia divaricata (H. B. K.) Nied.: Anderson 13604 (MICH)
Mascagnia parvifolia (Adr. Juss.) Nied.: Salinas T. 5444 (MICH)
Mascagnia polybotrya (Adr. Juss.) Nied.: Anderson & Laskowski 4098 (MICH); McVaugh 24004
(MICH)
Mascagnia vacciniifolia Nied.: Anderson 13797 (MICH)
Microsteira sp.: Davis 38-01 (A
Rhynchophora humbertii Arénes: Davis 18-01 M (A)
Rhynchophora phillipsonii W. R. Anderson: Davis 23b-01 (A)
Triaspis hypericoides Burch.: Immelman 650 (PRE)
Triopterys jamaicensis L.: Hammel 17816 (MICH)
Triopterys paniculata (Mill.) Small: Veloz et al. 862 (MICH)
a a
a
ma —_ a a 7 . =~
an re en
-
i
-
7
Tee _ =e
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 51-108. 2005.
CATALOG OF HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE
WITH TAXONOMIC AND PHYTOGEOGRAPHIC NOTES
Thomas F. Daniel
Department of Botany
California Academy of Sciences
Golden Gate Park
San Francisco, California 94118
BSTRACT. A taxonomic revision of Honduran Acanthaceae based on field and herbarium studies
reveals the presence of 96 species of that family in the country. Seventy-four of these species are treated
as native to Honduras; eight of them are endemic there. Four of the endemic taxa, Aphelandra molinae,
Justicia ae Pseuderanthemum liesneri, and Stenostephanus hondurensis, are described as species new
to science. Two genera and 12 a das described species are reported from Honduras for the first time.
O ombination, S$: essilifolius, based on Glockeria sessilifolia Oerst. [syn. Hansteinia
canta (Oerst.) Durkee], and one new name, Justicia ciriloi, based on Beloperone blechioides Leona
[non Justicia blechoides (Lindau) Stearn], are proposed. A lectotype is designated for Ruellia ae
Gibson, a synonym of Ruellia fulgida Andr. Seven names currently applied to Honduran taxa are placed in
synonymy of other names. Honduras has relatively low numbers of both total nativ ies and endemic
species of Acanthaceae compared to several smaller political units in the Nieconmencan region. This is
attributed to several factors, including the prevalence of pine forests there. For each native species the
catalog includes distributional data (both within and external to Honduras), habitats in Honduras, periods
of flowering and fruiting in Honduras, specimen citations Ok each Hondur n department in which the
species is known to occur, and descriptions and/or t u S nee appropriate.
INTRODUCTION
Located in the center of the Mesoamerican region, Honduras is the second
largest Central American nation. Physiographically, it consists of a large mountain-
ous core bounded by narrow Caribbean lowlands in the north and a small Pacific
lowland in the south. The entire region has long been settled by pre-Colombian and
subsequently European cultures, and much of the land area comprises second-growth
forests. There is no recent treatment of the Honduran vascular flora, but estimates
of the number of species there vary from 5000 (Gentry 1978) to 6000 (Gémez et al.
1997). Brief summaries of botanical activities in Honduras were provided by Nelson
(1990, 1996) and Nelson et al. (1996). The country is divided politically into 18 depart-
ments (Fig. 1).
With the publication of the Flora de Nicaragua (Stevens et al. 2001), Honduras
is the only nation in Central America for which a recent account of Acanthaceae is
lacking. Other than descriptions of undescribed taxa and reports of range extensions,
little has been published about this large, mostly tropical family in Honduras. The
only previous account of Honduran Acanthaceae is that of Molina (1975), in which
the names of 80 native and exotic (including cultivated) species of the family were
listed. With the exceptions of the herbarium collections at EAP, F, and MO, Hon-
duran Acanthaceae are not well represented in the world’s major herbaria. For the
family, Honduras is both the least known and least collected region in Mesoamerica.
The following study was undertaken in order to document those Acanthaceae known
from Honduras, to revise their nomenclature and taxonomy, assess the status of the
family in Honduras relative to the other Central American nations, and to provide
additional collections of Acanthaceae from the country. Herbarium collections in
51
a CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
| Honduras
| f IB -~ ff 0 50 100
ij zl if an Kilometers
Pa i = ia F e . 7
1 Ea a = ie = a
Owe es ae
SSS Neri a7 7
ee OR
Ee > |
31
\ 7 :
cM 32 , all
| 3 2. the \
See : ; 36 FM 5 3 \
| \
: 12 + 29 al |
e. LP< EP (
* a . 10 24 yo f
- ne. J PAG
ry oa j
| iy a ( |
i 6s |
a ag , Fr) i \
nee, Ce hasep CH \
As, _“'e G 5 14 f 6 N
Pa & : | : 43 \ I
FIG. 1. Map of Honduras showing political departments and numbers of native species of Acantha-
ceae in each. A = Atlantida, CH = Choluteca, CL = Col6n, CM = Comayagua, CP = Copan, CR = Cortés,
EP= El Paraiso, FM = Francisco Morazan, GD = Gracias a Dios, I = Intibuca, IB = Islas de la Bahia, L =
Lempira, LP = La Paz, OC = Ocotepeque, OL = Olancho, SB = Santa Barbara, V = Valle, Y = Yoro.
Honduras, the United States, and Europe were studied, and field studies in 13 depart-
ments of Honduras were conducted for six weeks in 2000 and 2001.
SUMMARY OF ACANTHACEOUS FLORA OF HONDURAS
Herein, 96 species of Acanthaceae are documented from Honduras. Of these, 74
are treated as occurring natively there and 22 are native to other regions of the world
and either cultivated and/or naturalized in the country. Four species, Aphelandra
molinae, Justicia pilzti, Pseuderanthemum liesneri, and Stenostephanus hondurensis,
are newly described from Honduras; two genera (Herpetacanthus and Stenostepha-
nus) are newly reported from Honduras; and 12 previously described species of
Acanthaceae (Herpetacanthus panamensis, Justicia ciriloi, J. tuxtlensis, Mendoncia
guatemalensis, M. lindavii, Odontonema cuspidatum, Pseuderanthemum verapazense,
Ruellia metallica, R. standleyi, R. tuberosa, Stenandrium chameranthemoideum, Ste-
nostephanus sessilifolius) are reported as native to or naturalized in the country for
the first time. Among genera of Honduran Acanthaceae, Justicia is the largest genus
with 19 native species and Ruellia is the second largest with 11 native species. These
are the two largest genera of Acanthaceae in the New World. The most widely distrib-
uted species in Honduras is Aphelandra scabra, which occurs in all 18 departments.
Eight species (Aphelandra dunlapiana, A. molinae, Dicliptera antidysenterica,
Justicia calliantha, J. pilzii, Lophostachys zunigae, Pseuderanthemum liesneri, and
Stenostephanus hondurensis) are recognized as endemic to the country. Three others
(Anisacanthus tetracaulis, Justicia ciriloi, and J. ensiflora) are nearly endemic there (i.e.,
they occur only in Honduras and Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, and/or Nicaragua).
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 53
Although neither the total number of native species of vascular plants nor the
number of those endemic to Honduras are known, based on the estimates of Davis
et al. (1986; i.e., 5000 species and 148 endemic species) about 3% of the species are
endemic to the country. The percentage of endemic Acanthaceae (11%) is thus
more than three and one half times greater than the overall rate of endemism for
the country.
Taxonomic reassessments made during this study have resulted in a new name
(Justicia ciriloi for Beloperone blechioides), a new combination (Stenostephanus
sessilifolius for Hansteinia sessilifolius), the recognition of a species (Dicliptera anti-
dysenterica) previously treated as conspecific with another, and the placing of seven
currently accepted names (Dyschoriste hondurensis, Justicia danielii, J. rothschuhii,
Ruellia latibracteata, R. molinae, R. williamsii, and Siphonoglossa ramosa var. hondu-
rensis) in the synonymy of others.
The following account includes species that are known to occur in Honduras
as documented by specimen vouchers. Based on their presence in adjacent regions
of Central America, additional species of Acanthaceae might be expected to occur
in Honduras, but have yet to be collected in the country. These include Aphelandra
gigantiflora Lindau, Chileranthemum pyramidatum (Lindau) T. F. Daniel, Dicliptera
guttata Standl. & Leonard, Justicia caudata A. Gray, J. eburnea D. N. Gibson, J. fim-
briata (Nees) V. A. W. Graham, J. grandiflora D. N. Gibson, J. montana (Standl. &
Leonard) D. N. Gibson, J. silvicola D. N. Gibson, J. soliana Standl., Razisea spicata
Oerst., Ruellia donnell-smithii Leonard, R. pereducta Standl. ex Lundell, R. pygmaea
Donn. Sm., Schaueria parviflora (Leonard) T. F Daniel, and Tetramerium tenuis-
simum Rose.
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITATS
Wilson and Meyer (1982) presented a concise and informative account of
Honduran physiographic, climatic, and ecological parameters in which they recog-
nize nine ecological formations varying from arid to dry to moist to wet. American
Acanthaceae occur in diverse communities but are particularly abundant in wet and
dry lowland formations and in moist to wet montane forests. The habitat informa-
tion provided in this treatment reflects that noted on herbarium specimens, which
is sometimes imprecise or incomplete. From the pooled ecological data for a given
species, it is often possible to determine whether it occurs in moist to wet vs. dry
habitats, however. Among native Honduran Acanthaceae that can be unambiguously
assigned to either moist to wet or dry formations, 46 species appear restricted to the
former and only three (Henrya insularis, Tetramerium nemorum, and T. nervosum)
to the latter. Few tropical American Acanthaceae occur in pine forests (including
oak-pine forests), which are the most common and widespread plant communities in
Honduras. Only 10 species of native Honduran Acanthaceae have been specifically
noted to have been collected in such forests.
Figure 1 shows the numbers of native species of Acanthaceae in each depart-
ment of Honduras. Major concentrations of species are present in the three central,
mountainous departments of Comayagua (36), Olancho (32), and Cortés (31). Each
of these departments contains a diversity of habitats, including extensive areas of
both moist to wet and dry formations (Wilson & Meyer 1982). Olancho is the larg-
est department of Honduras and, according to Nelson (1989), Comayagua is one of
the few relatively well-collected departments. Departments with the fewest native
Acanthaceae are Islas de la Bahia (5) and Valle (6). The low numbers there are likely
54 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
due to the small sizes of these departments, the lack of habitat diversity (each depart-
ment consists mostly or entirely of a single ecological formation), and the high level
of human disturbance in the landscape (i.e., Valle). Although the Bay Islands were
apparently connected to the mainland throughout much of the Tertiary (Wilson &
Meyer 1982), other small Caribbean islands near the Central American mainland are
also poor in Acanthaceae (e.g., Fosberg et al. 1
Given the country’s central location and diverse communities, it is perhaps not
surprising that numerous Acanthaceae attain the northern- or southernmost extent
of their distributions in Honduras. Non-endemic native Acanthaceae that attain
the northernmost extent of their continental distributions in Honduras consist of
Herpetacanthus panamensis, Ruellia fulgida, and Stenostephanus sessilifolius. All are
species of moist to wet formations. Fifteen species of non-endemic Acanthaceae
reach the southern- or easternmost extent of their continental distributions in Hon-
duras: Anisacanthus tetracaulis, Justicia breviflora, J. ciriloi, J. ensiflora, J. tuxtlensis,
Louteridium donnell-smithii, Mendoncia guatemalensis, Odontonema albiflorum, O.
cuspidatum, O. hondurense, Pseuderanthemum verapazense, Ruellia harveyana, R.
puberula, Spathacanthus hahnianus, and Stenandrium chameranthemoideum. Most of
these species also occur predominantly or exclusively in moist to wet formations. It is
a mystery to me why five times more northerly-occurring species reach the southern
(or eastern) limit of their distributional range in Honduras than southern species
reaching their northern limit.
PHENOLOGY
In general for Honduras, wet and dry periods are correlated with wind patterns
resulting from migrations of the thermal equator and intertropical convergence zone
(Wilson & Meyer 1982); however, given the diverse topography, local weather pat-
terns are sometimes greatly influenced by regional physiography. In general, rains
normally commence in Honduras in April or May, followed by a short dry season
(the so-called “veranillo”) in late July and early August. Another period of rain
commences following the veranillo and lasts until November or December. This is
followed by the main dry season of five to six months duration. At least five species
of native Honduran Acanthaceae flower more or less throughout the year: Aphel-
andra aurantiaca, A. scabra, Justicia ramosa, Odontonema tubaeforme, and Ruellia
hookeriana. The vast majority (at least 57 species) of the remaining native Honduran
Acanthaceae flower during the long dry season from December into April or May.
Forty-one of these species appear to flower only during that season. The known flow-
ering periods of eight species (Herpetacanthus panamensis, Justicia ensiflora, Mendon-
cia retusa, Pseuderanthemum alatum, P. cuspidatum, Ruellia puberula, Spathacanthus
hahnianus, and Stenandrium pedunculatum) suggest that they flower primarily or
exclusively during the rainy season(s). Several of these species are known from rela-
tively few collections and additional observations would be helpful to confirm their
flowering periods. Flowering collections (i.e., with corollas present) of Lophostachys
zunigae and Ruellia standleyi from Honduras remain unknown. Fruiting usually
occurs simultaneously with flowering or lags only a month or two behind.
HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE IN A REGIONAL CONTEXT
For its relative size, location in the tropics, and topographic complexity, Hondu-
ras seems depauperate in the total number of native species of Acanthaceae. Table
| shows a comparison of Acanthaceae in Central American nations as well as in
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE a0
TABLE 1. FLoristic DATA FOR REGIONS OF NORTHERN LATIN AMERICA
The Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico ene the states of Learns eae Roo, and oe
Sources for numbers of total vascular plant species are: Mexico (J.-L. Villasefior, pers. comm.), Y
Peninsula (G. Carnevali, pers. comm.), Chiapas ouiee 1981), Belize (Balick et al. 2000), ee
(Breedlove 1981), El Salvador (Gé6mez et al. 1997), Honduras (G6mez et al. 1997), Nicaragua (Stevens et
al. 2001; G. Davidse, pers. comm.), Costa Rica (Hammel, pers. comm.), Panama (D’Arcy 1987), Colombia
(E. Forrero, pers. comm). Sources of data for native Acanthaceae are: Mexico (Daniel, unpublished),
Yucatan Peninsula (Daniel, unpublished), Chiapas (Daniel 1995, 1999a, 1999c), Belize (Daniel 1997), Gua-
temala (Daniel 2001 and unpublished), El Salvador (Daniel 2001), Honduras (present study), Nicaragua
(Daniel 2001), Costa Rica (Daniel 2001), Panama ae aniel 2001), and Colombia (Daniel, unpublished);
numbers for endemic Acanthaceae are derived from these same sources and from additional unpublished
information.
Region Area (km’) — Total number of Native species Endemic species Percent
vascular plant species of Acanthaceae of Acanthaceae endemism
Mexico 1,972,546 ~23,500 380 233 61%
Yucatan Peninsula 141,525 ~2,150 40 10 25%
Chiapas 73,887 8,248 125 16 13%
Belize 22,965 3,408 40 1 3%
Guatemala 108,889 7,749 120 13 11%
El Salvador 20,877 ~2,500 43 0 0%
Honduras 112,088 ~6,000 74 8 11%
Nicaragua 140,746 5,354 59 py 3%
Costa Rica 51,101 9,360 121 38 31%
Panama 77,060 ~8,145 108 21 19%
Colombia 1,138,914 ~35,000 336 246 73%
Mexico and Colombia to the immediate north and south. Given its relatively large
size and habitat diversity, Honduras has fewer total species and endemic species of
Acanthaceae than several smaller regions to the north and south. This same situa-
tion is evident to an even greater extent in Nicaragua, the largest Central American
nation, which has only 59 total native species and just two endemic species of Acan-
thaceae.
One can attribute the relatively small numbers of Acanthaceae in Belize and El
Salvador to such factors as the relatively small sizes of these nations, the disturbance
there caused by humans (both pre- and post-Columbian), and the lack of a diversity
of major vegetation types. But what accounts for the small numbers in Honduras and
Nicaragua? Both are large and have a greater diversity of vegetation types. Assum-
ing that both countries are as well collected as Costa Rica, Panama, and Guatemala,
there are several possible reasons for the relative paucity of Honduran (and presum-
ably Nicaraguan) Acanthaceae compared with surrounding regions:
ere are not as many regions at high elevations in Honduras as there are
in Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Panama. The highest point in Honduras (Montafia
Celaque at 2850 m) is considerably lower than the higher mountains in these coun-
tries (each of which has several peaks above 3000 m). Although Acanthaceae are not
abundant in the cloud forest habitats that are generally found at these elevations,
several genera (e.g., Spathacanthus, Stenostephanus) and species in other genera
56 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
(e.g., Aphelandra tonduzii Leonard, Dicliptera iopus Lindau, D. skutchii Leonard,
Justicia angustibracteata Leonard, J. fortunensis T. F. Daniel & Wassh.) are mostly or
entirely confined to such locations.
2) There is a general absence of climatic extremes, both wet and dry, in Honduras
compared with several other Mesoamerican regions. The more or less continuous
dry forest or thornscrub that extends from Mexico to Costa Rica along the Pacific
Coast occupies very little area in Honduras due to the country’s topography. As in
several of the other regions of the country supporting dry forest and thornscrub,
the limited dry region of the Pacific lowlands in southern Honduras has been highly
degraded through its long history of human occupation and continues to be severely
impacted by overgrazing of livestock and agriculture. There is also little truly wet
forest in Honduras. Most portions of the low to mid-elevation, moist to wet forests
of the Caribbean versant in Honduras have a definite dry season that decreases their
diversity compared to the wet montane forests of other regions of Central America.
Even moist to wet regions at high elevations that are referred to as cloud forests in
Honduras (and which indeed contain cloud forest elements) have a definite dry sea-
son and are not nearly as rich in species as cloud forests to the north or south.
3) The presence of pine forests covering much of the country would appear to be
a limiting factor for many species of Acanthaceae, as noted above. Pine forests are
notably lacking in Acanthaceae wherever both occur, from the southeastern United
States through Mexico and northern Central America to Nicaragua, where this for-
est type reaches its southern extent. Hence, the lack of Acanthaceae in this plant
community and its prevalence in Honduras likely help to explain the relatively low
number of acanthaceous species in the country.
It is probable that there is no single reason for the low numbers of both species
and endemic taxa in Honduras (and Nicaragua) compared to smaller political units
in the Mesoamerican region. Those numbers may result from all of the factors men-
tioned and from additional factors that are not obvious to me. Based on the numbers
of total species presented in Table | and figures cited by Bramwell (2002), it appears
that taxa other than Acanthaceae show a similar pattern in this region. Indeed, Almeda
(1996) noted a similar situation for Honduran Melastomataceae.
CONSERVATION AND FUTURE STUDIES
Even with a lower number of acanthaceous species in Honduras compared
with some other Mesoamerican regions, the country is home to a diverse, unique,
and interesting assemblage of Acanthaceae. Indeed, the percentage of Acanthaceae
endemic to Honduras (Table 1) is similar to that of Guatemala and Chiapas, regions
with considerably more species. Several undescribed species are described below
and additional taxa will undoubtedly be discovered in Honduras as remote regions
are explored. Fortunately, several of the endemic Acanthaceae occur in protected
reserves (e.g., Aphelandra molinae in Parque Nacional de Celaque and Lophostachys
zunigae in Parque Nacional Pico Bonito). It is difficult to assess the conservation
status of the majority of acanthaceous species in Honduras. Some formerly common
species may be seriously threatened by loss of habitat (e.g., Anisacanthus tetracaulis,
see below), whereas other species appear to be quite rare and are not known to
occur in protected areas (e.g., Aphelandra dunlapiana). Hopefully, the information
presented in the catalog below can help to assess the conservation priorities and
needs for this family in Honduras.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 57
Collections representing three species of Honduran Acanthaceae, two of Justi-
cia and one of Dicliptera, could not be identified; they do not sufficiently resemble
known species in their respective genera from North and Central America to be
associated with a name. In this catalog, they are treated under their respective genera
but will require additional studies to determine whether they represent undescribed
species, fall within the circumscription of poorly known South American taxa, or
represent variation within species that require taxonomic reconsideration.
La Mosquitia (i.e., that part of northeastern Honduras mainly occupied by the
indigenous Miskito people, with extensive areas of lowland pine savanna, and com-
prising most of the department of Gracias a Dios) is perhaps the least explored and
least collected region of Honduras (Proctor 1983). Undoubtedly, additional native
Acanthaceae will be found there. It is also likely that there were additional Acantha-
ceae in Honduras that have been extirpated during the past several hundred years.
CONTENTS OF CATALOG
In the following enumeration of Honduran Acanthaceae at least one collection
is cited from each department in which the species is known to occur. For native
and naturalized species the habitats, elevational ranges, and flowering and fruiting
times noted are based solely on Honduran collections. Distributions in the Western
Hemisphere are noted for each native species. Detailed descriptions are provided
here only for poorly known species and Honduran endemics. Pollen morphology
is often useful for both classifying and identifying Acanthaceae. Scanning electron
micrographs of pollen grains are shown for rare and endemic species, or to illustrate
characteristics used in taxonomic discussions. Keys to and descriptions of most Acan-
thaceae occurring in Honduras are available in one or more of the following recent
treatments of American Acanthaceae: Daniel (1995b), Durkee (1978, 1986, 2001),
and Gibson (1974). The catalog also includes Acanthaceae cultivated in Honduras as
they are represented in herbaria. In addition to those noted here, there are undoubt-
edly other exotic Acanthaceae cultivated in the country. Types of all names based on
Honduran Acanthaceae are noted. Taxonomic reconsiderations are discussed where
appropriate.
CATALOG OF HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE
Acanthus montanus (Nees) T. Anders.
This native of western tropical Africa is cultivated in gardens in Honduras. Other
species of Acanthus L. are likely grown for ornament in the country as well. Nelson
(1986) noted A. mollis L. as being cultivated there, but no specimens of it have been
located.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMEN. Comayagua: vicinity of Siguatepeque, planted in garden, P. Standley & J.
Chacon P. 6627 (F).
Anisacanthus tetracaulis Leonard
Shrubs to 2 (—3) m tall. Young stems quadrate to quadrate-sulcate, + bifariously
to + evenly pubescent with retrorse to flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes
0.1-1 mm long, distally often with an understory of evenly disposed eglandular to
subglandular and glandular trichomes less than 0.05 mm long as well. Leaves petiolate,
58 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
petioles to 44 mm long, blades ovate to ovate-elliptic, 25-120 mm long, 10-77 mm
wide, 1.5-3.3 times longer than wide, acuminate at apex, truncate to rounded to acute
at base, surfaces pubescent (especially along major veins) with flexuose to antrorse
eglandular trichomes, the abaxial surface also pubescent with an understory of erect
glandular trichomes to 0.1 mm long (sometimes restricted to midvein). Inflorescence
of axillary and terminal dichasiate spikes (to racemes to thyrses), these sometimes
branched at base and collectively forming a terminal panicle, rachises evenly pubes-
cent with erect eglandular to subglandular and glandular trichomes to 0.1 mm long,
and usually also with a sparse overstory of eglandular trichomes like those of young
stems (especially proximally); dichasia alternate, 1 per axil, secund, sessile to subses-
sile (i.e., with peduncles to 1 mm long). Bracts subulate, 1.5—2.5 mm long, 0.2-0.5 mm
wide, abaxial surface pubescent with antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.2—-0.5 mm long.
Bracteoles subulate, 1.5—2.5 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide, abaxial surface pubescent like
bracts and with understory trichomes like those of rachis as well. Flowers sessile to
pedicellate, pedicels to 3 mm long. Calyx 6-9 mm long (during anthesis, up to 11 mm
long in fruit), tube 1-1.5 mm long, lobes lance-subulate, 4.5—8 mm long, 3.8—-8 times
longer than tube, 0.8—1.6 mm wide, abaxially pubescent with an understory of erect
glandular and eglandular trichomes 0.05—0.2 mm long and an overstory (sometimes
absent) of flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes to 0.6 mm long. Corolla red,
22-28 mm long, externally pubescent with flexuose to retrorse eglandular trichomes
0.1-0.3 mm long, tube 13-15 mm long, upper lip 11-15 mm long, 2-lobed at apex,
lobes to 0.8 mm long, lower lip 11-14 mm long, lobes ovate, 3.5—6.5 mm long, 2.5-—4
mm wide. Stamens 21-37 mm long, thecae red, 2.5—-3.3 mm long; pollen (Fig. 2a, b)
3-colporate, 6-pseudocolpate, interapertural surfaces reticulate. Style 23-38 mm
long, stigma 0.3 mm long, lobes not evident. Capsule 11-16 mm long, glabrous, head
subspherical to somewhat flattened, ovate to elliptic in outline, 6-9 mm long. Seeds
2-4 per capsule, sublenticular to concavo-convex, 4.5—5.8 mm long, 3.5-4.6 mm wide,
surfaces and margin tuberculate.
Phenology. Flowering: November—May; fruiting: February—May.
Distribution and habitat. El Salvador, Honduras; open fields in region of moist
forest, moist thickets, along streams, dry forests, dry brushy quebradas, roadsides;
800-1200 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CoMAYAGuA: Taulabé, quebrada La Caliche, A. Rubio 7 (MO, PMA).—EL
Parafso: Rio de los Aguacates N of Yuscaran, P. Standley 25718 (EAP).—FRrancisco MoRAZAN: Rio de
La Orilla, SW del Valle de Yeguare, A. Molina R. 3928 (EAP, F, GH)—OLANcHo: Campamento, R. Ramos
131 (MO).
Only a single collection of this species is known from outside of Honduras (Dan-
ie] 2001). The type [Francisco Morazan: region of Cahuite, 800-1075 m, dry brushy
quebrada, 5 March 1947, P. Standley et al. S012 (holotype: US!; isotypes: F! NY!)| and
most other collections are from the department of Francisco Morazan. Two species
of Anisacanthus (ca. 20 species, mostly from North America and South America) are
known from Central America, this one and the recently described A. nicaraguensis
Durkee from Nicaragua (Durkee 1999). According to Durkee (1999), A. tetracaulis
differs from A. nicaraguensis by its shorter corollas (22-27 vs. 33-35 mm long),
shorter calyces (6—9 vs. 11-15 mm long), shorter bracts and bracteoles (1.7—2.5 vs.
3.5-4.5 mm long), and shorter thecae (2.5—3.3 vs. 3.6-3.8 mm long). Leonard (1950)
indicated that A. tetracaulis is related to the South American species, A. caducifolius
(Griseb.) Lindau, which he indicated differed by its terete stems, shorter inflores-
cence, and smaller calyces. Daniel (2001) noted some of the distinctive characters of
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 59
FIG. 2. Pollen of Honduran Acanthaceae. a. Anisacanthus tetracaulis so 629 from El Salvador),
apertural view. b. A. tetracaulis (Tucker 629), interapertural view. c. Dicliptera sp. (Molina et al. 31415),
ter rapertural vi w. d. Odontonema hondurense (Daniel & Araque 9500), Sena view. e. O. hondu-
rense er lel & Baie 9500), polar view. f. Dicliptera antidysenterica (Daniel & Araque 9612), apertural
ew. intidysenterica (Dan ss, o Araque 96/2), interapertural view. h. Pseuderanthemum liesneri
(Li lesner oy 343), apertural view. 1. P. liesneri iL iesner 26343), polar view. Scale bar: a, b = 15 ym;c, e = 9 um;
d,f,g =10 pm;h,i=6 um
A. tetracaulis with respect to Salvadoran Acanthaceae, but a full description of this
poorly known species seems warranted and is provided above.
It appears that Anisacanthus tetracaulis is becoming rare in Honduras. It was
rather commonly collected in the vicinity of Tegucigalpa and in the Yeguare Valley
until about 1950. It has been collected only rarely since that time, and I was unable
to locate populations of it during 2000 and 2001 in spite of extensive searching in
regions where it had previously been collected. Both regions have experienced con-
siderable increases in human population and environmental alteration in the years
since 1950.
60 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Aphelandra aurantiaca Lindl.
Phenology. Flowering: throughout the year; fruiting: December, March-April,
July.
Distribution and habitat. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa
Rica, Panama, Colombia, Surinam, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil;
moist forests, wet forests; 30-360 m.
R SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley, ca. 3 km up Rio Lancetilla from Lancetilla
Botanical Garden, ca. 15°44'N, 87°27'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9483 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Corrtes: La Cum-
bre desprendimiento de Sierra de Omoa, A. Molina R. 3472 (EAP, F, US).—IsLas DE LA BAHiaA: Guanaja,
Fruit Harbour Bight, W. Matamoros 187 (TEFH).—Yoro: Cordillera Nombre de Dios, ca. 2.5 km S of
San José de Texiguat, between Rio Guan Guan and Quebrada Aguacatal, 15°30'N, 87°27.5'W, R. Evans
1316 (CAS, MO).
The narrow-leaved form of the species, sometimes treated as A. repanda Nees or
A. aurantiaca var. stenophylla Standl., is known from northwestern Honduras (e.g.,
Standley 52635 at EAP, Standley 53875 at F).The type of the latter name is from this
region: Atlantida: Lancetilla Valley near Tela, 150 m, wet forest, 22 December 1927,
Standley 53487 (holotype: F!).
Aphelandra dunlapiana Standl. & L. O. Williams
Perennial herbs or shrubs to 2 m tall. Young stems subquadrate to quadrate,
evenly pubescent with erect to antrorse to antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes
0.2-0.5 mm long. Leaves opposite, petiolate, petioles to 110 mm long, blades elliptic,
200-350 mm long, 66-138 mm wide, 2.3-4.0 times longer than wide, acuminate at
apex, gradually or abruptly attenuate at base, surfaces pubescent (especially along
major veins) with erect to flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes, margin entire to
subsinuate. Spikes terminal, elongate, up to 180 mm long (excluding flowers), 40-49
mm in diameter (excluding flowers) near midspike, rachis evenly pubescent with
erect to flexuose eglandular trichomes 0.3—0.6 mm long. Bracts tinged reddish when
dry, spreading with age, ovate to elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 16-29 mm long, 4-10
mm wide, 2.9-4 times longer than wide, acute and erect at apex, abaxial surface and
margin pubescent with flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.2—0.4 mm long
and distally pubescent with erect glandular trichomes 0.1—-0.2 mm long as well, mar-
gin dentate with | (—2) teeth per side, teeth 0.23.5 (-4.5) mm long. Bracteoles often
deciduous, subulate, 1.2—2.5 mm long, 0.2-0.4 mm wide, abaxial surface pubescent with
antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.2—0.6 mm long. Calyx 9-14 mm long, lobes lanceo-
late to lance-ovate, 2-2.7 mm wide at base, subaristate to aristate at apex, abaxially
pubescent with flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.2-0.6 mm long. Corolla
red, 60-67 mm long, externally pubescent with flexuose glandular (and a few eglan-
dular) trichomes 0.3-1.2 mm long, upper lip 24-26 mm long, entire or 2-lobed at apex,
lobes to 1 mm long, margin flared except at apex and base, lower lip + perpendicular
to or forming an obtuse angle with upper lip, 27-32 mm long, lateral lobes linear-
elliptic, 22-24 mm long, 2.5-6 mm wide, lower-central lobe elliptic, 25-30 mm long,
7-12 mm wide, 1-1.3 times longer and 1.7-3.4 times wider than lateral lobes. Stamens
55-58 mm long, filaments pubescent with eglandular trichomes throughout length,
thecae 6.5—7.5 mm long, apically pubescent with cobwebby trichomes, posterior pair
extended up to 1.5 mm beyond anterior pair; pollen (Fig. 3a—c) 3-colpate; staminode
not seen. Style 54-60 mm long, pubescent throughout length, stigma symmetrically
funnelform, 0.2-0.3 mm long. Capsule 17-19 mm long, glabrous. Seeds + flattened,
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 61
FIG. 3. Pollen of ‘renee dunlapiana (Hazlett et al. 8022) and A. molinae (Daniel & ae ae
_A. dunlapiana, apertural view. b. A. dunlapiana, interapertural view. c. A. dunlapiana, polar v
molinae, apertural view. ee ae interapertural view. f. A. molinae, ane view. Scale bar: a, a t= .
um;c = 8 um;d,e = 10 pm.
5-5.5 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, surface covered with unbranched papilla-like tri-
chomes to 0.2 mm long.
Phenology. Flowering: April; fruiting: April.
Distribution and habitat. Endemic to Honduras; moist to wet forests; 150-270 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: ravines E of eee River, |—2 km SW of aldea La Aurora,
15°30'N, 87°26'W, D. Hazlett et al. 8022 (CAS, EAP).—Yoro: Cuenca de la Quebrada El Aguacatal, al S
de San José de Texiguat, 15°30'16"N, 87°27°27" W, J. ee 704 (CAS, MO).
The specimens cited above represent the first collections of this species since the
type [Atlantida: vicinity of San Alejo, at base of hills S of San Alejo near Rio San
Alejo, 22-27 April 1947, P. Standley 7618 (holotype: F!; isotype: US!)] was collected in
1947. They reveal that this species, endemic to Honduras and with particularly showy
flowers, persists in the Caribbean lowlands of the northwestern part of the country.
The description of A. dunlapiana given above is based on all known collections.
62 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Aphelandra molinae T. F. Daniel, sp. nov.—T re: Honpuras. Lempira: Parque Nacio-
nal de Celaque, ca. 7 km W of Gracias, summit trail from visitor center to Las
Minas, 14°33-34'N, 88°38-40'W, 1500 m, moist montane forest, 16-17 January
2001, 7) Daniel & J. Araque 9885 (holotype: CAS!; isotypes: EAP! MICH!
MO! TEFH!). Fig. 4.
Frutex usque ad 1.5 m altus. Folia opposita, laminae ellipticae, 110-205 mm lon-
gae, 28-59 mm latae, 3.5-4.0-plo longiores quam latiores. Spicae + elongatae, 40-55
mm diametro ad medium. Bracteae ovatae vel ellipticae vel obovatae, 28-40 mm
longae, 12-15 mm latae, margine integrae, pagina abaxialis pubescens trichomatibus
glandulosis et eglandulosis. Bracteolae lanceolatae, 15-18 mm longae. Corolla rubra,
67-70 mm longa, extus pubescens, labium inferum lobis lateralibus obovatis, 16-18
mm longis, 8.5-11 mm latis. Thecae 6-6.2 mm longae, pubescentes. Capsula pubescens
trichomatibus eglandulosis.
Shrubs to 1.5 m tall. Young stems subterete to quadrate-sulcate, sparsely pubes-
cent with antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm long. Leaves oppo-
site, petiolate, petioles (naked portion) to 65 mm long, blades elliptic, 110-205 mm
long, 28-59 mm wide, 3.5—4.0 times longer than wide, acuminate to falcate at apex,
attenuate-decurrent at base, surfaces + sparsely pubescent (especially along major
veins) with antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes, margin entire. Spikes terminal,
+ elongate, up to 90 mm long (excluding flowers), 40-55 mm in diameter (excluding
flowers) near midspike, rachis evenly and + densely pubescent with erect to flexuose
eglandular and glandular trichomes 0.3-0.7 mm long. Bracts maroon-tinged, ovate to
elliptic to obovate, 28-40 mm long, 12-15 mm wide, 2.2-2.8 times longer than wide,
erect to spreading, + abruptly acuminate to subcaudate and erect to recurved-spread-
ing at apex, abaxial surface and margin pubescent with erect to flexuose eglandular
and glandular trichomes 0.1-0.6 mm long (glandular pubescent), margin entire.
Bracteoles lanceolate, 15-18 mm long, 1.7-2.6 mm wide, abaxial surface glandular
pubescent. Calyx 16-18 mm long, lobes free to base, lanceolate, 2.5-3 mm wide at
base, abaxially glandular pubescent. Corolla red, 67-70 mm long, externally glandular
pubescent, upper lip 24-26 mm long, emarginate at apex, lower lip perpendicular to
upper lip to reflexed, 26-28 mm long, lateral lobes obovate, 16-18 mm long, 8.5-11
mm wide, lower-central lobe obovate, 25-27 mm long, 17-22 mm wide, 1.5—1.6 times
longer and 1.8—2.1 times wider than lateral lobes. Stamens 49-55 mm long, posterior
pair inserted 1 mm distal to anterior pair, filaments proximally pubescent with flex-
uose eglandular trichomes, distally sparsely pubescent to glabrous, thecae 6-6.2 mm
long, all apically pubescent, posterior pair dorsally pubescent as well, anterior pair
dorsally sparsely (if at all) pubescent; pollen (Fig. 3d-f) 3-colpate, each colpus with a
fusiform band of thickened exine in the center, each pole with 3-armed aperturelike
indentation; staminode | mm long. Style 60-63 mm long, pubescent with eglandular
trichomes throughout, stigma 0.2-0.5 mm long, + symmetrically funnelform. Capsule
17-23 mm long, pubescent with erect to flexuose to antrorse to retrorse eglandular
trichomes 0.2—0.3 mm long. Seeds not seen.
Phenology. Flowering: January; fruiting: January.
Distribution and habitat. Endemic to western Honduras; moist montane forests:
1500 m.
This showy species is similar to Aphelandra gigantiflora Lindau in most features:
however, it differs sufficiently from that taxon to warrant taxonomic recognition.
These two species can be distinguished by the following couplet:
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 63
FIG. 4. Aphelandra molinae (Daniel & Araque 9885). a. Habit with flowers, x0.6. b. Apex of stamen
with anther, x8. c. Distal portion of style with stigma, x10.6. d. Capsule with calyx and one bracteole, x2.4.
e. Apex of bracteole showing pubescence, x3.5. Drawn by Paul Hayes.
64 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Bracts + abruptly acuminate to subcaudate at apex; bracteoles 1.7-2.6 mm wide; lower lip of corolla
with lateral lobes obovate, 8.5—11 mm wide, lower-central lobe 17-22 mm wide, 1.8-2.1 times wider
ee lateral lobes; thecae 6-6.2 mm long; Honduras. A. molinae
Bracts (rounded to) acute to gradually acuminate at apex: bracteoles 0.6—-1.5 mm wide: lower lip of
rolla with lateral lobes lance-linear to linear to linear-elliptic, |1-5.5 mm wide, lower-central
lobe 8-17 mm wide, 3.1-8.6 times wider than lateral lobes; thecae 3.5—5.3 mm long: southern
Mexico, Guatemala, and El Salvador. A. gigantiflora
The following key can be used to distinguish among the native species of Aphel-
andra now known from Honduras.
1. Abaxial surface of bracts with 2 submarginal clusters of padlike nectaries (up to 16 per cluster);
corolla 30-45 mm long, lateral lobes of lower lip reduced to vestigial toothlike appendages
up to 2.5 mm long and attached to upper lip. A. scabra
1. Abaxial surface of bracts without clusters of padlike nectaries; bier 50-70 mm long, lateral
lobes of lower lip conspicuous, 9.5-24 mm long, not attached to upper
2. Young stems + flattened; bracts rin with 7-15 teeth per side; ae lobes of lower lip of
corolla 9.5-15 mm long; thecae 4-5 mm long. A, aurantiaca
. Young stems subterete to quadrate to quadrate-sulcate; bracts entire or dentate with 1 (-2)
teeth per side; lateral lobes of lower lip of corolla 16-24 mm long; thecae 6-7.5 mm lon
3. Inflorescence aie pubescent with eglandular trichomes only; bracts 16-29 mm long, 4-10
mm wide, 2.94 times longer than wide, acute at apex, margin dentate with 1 (-2) teeth per
side; bracteoles subulate, 1.2-2.5 mm long; lateral lobes of lower lip of corolla sage
22-24 mm long, 2.5—6 mm wide; capsule glabrous. A. dunlapiana
Inflorescence rachis pubescent with eglandular and glandular trichomes; bracts 28-40 mm
long, 12-15 mm wide, 2.2-2.8 times longer than wide, + abruptly acuminate to subcaudate
at apex, margin entire; bracteoles lanceolate, 15-18 mm long; lateral lobes of lower lip of
corolla obovate, 16-18 mm long, 8.5-11 mm wide; capsule pubescent. A. molinae
i)
ww
It is a pleasure to name this striking species in honor of Don Antonio Molina R.
(b. 1926), long-time taxonomist with the Escuela Panamericana Agricola, able col-
lector of American plants, and dedicated proponent of Central American botany
(Malo 1999),
Aphelandra scabra (Vahl) Sm.
Phenology. Flowering: September—April, July; fruiting: January—May.
Distribution and habitat. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, Brazil:
moist forests, pine forests, pine-oak forests, oak forests, thickets, along streams, brushy
slopes; 0-1900 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Puerto Escondido, Punta Sal, 25 km O de Tela, C. Nelson
7860 (TEFH).—Cnovureca: near Bella Vista, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 10897 (EAP).—CoLon: base of
Cerro Piedra Blanca, ca. 5 km NE of Bonito Oriental ae Limon, 15°46.5'N, 85°41'W, R. Evans 1074
(CAS ).—Comayaaua: Siguatepeque, J. Edwards 486 (UC, US).—CopaAn: 4 km N Copan Ruinas, D. Lentz
1744 (EAP).—Corteés: Rio Ulta, Pimienta, A. Molina ss 5626 (EAP, F).—EL Paraiso: road to Yuscaran,
Quebrado del Muro, J. Swallen 11335 (NY, US).—Francisco MoRAZAN: Rio Yeguare near San Francisco,
ca.5 km S of El Zamorano, ca. ae 58'N, 86°59'W, 7. Daniel & J. Araque 9444 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Graclas A
Dios: Barra Platano, 15°53'N, 84°42'W, P. Fryxell 2834 (CAS).—Int1BucA: Quebrada Santiago near SW base
of Sierra de Montecillos, ca. a 5 km SW of Siguatepeque toward Jestis de Otoro, ca. 14°31'N, 87°59'W, T:
Daniel & J. Araque 9642a (CAS, EAP).—IsLas bE LA BAHIA: Isla de Roatan, C. Nelson & E. Romero poe
(CAS).—La Paz: 300 m S a Guajiquiro, R. Keyser 1384 (EAP).—Lempira: Celaque National Park, c
km W of Gracias, ca. 14°34'N, 88°38'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9626 (CAS, EAP).—OcorePEQuE: Vicinity ou
Nuevo Ocotepeque, P pe vy 27898 (EAP).—OLANcHO: lower slopes of Sierra de Agalta, 3-5 km above
(N) of Catacamas, ca. 14°53'N, 85°54'W, T. Daniel & G. Pilz 9598 (CAS, EAP).—Santa BARBARA: Lago
bee Punta Gorda, 14°52'N, 88°00'W, J. Mac ey tena 3113 (CAS).—VALLE: ca. 3.5 km SE of Coyolito
n Isla Zacate Grande, ca. 13°19'N, 87°36'W, 7. Daniel & J. Araque 9521 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Yoro: Rio
a5ee 15 km O de Victoria, C. Nelson et al. 7039 (TEFH).
—
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 65
The widespread occurrence (in all 18 departments) of this species in Honduras is
likely a result of its broad ecological amplitude rather than “weediness,” as in some
other widely distributed Acanthaceae (e.g., Blechum pyramidatum).
Aphelandra sinclairiana Nees
This native of southern Central America, which differs from Honduran species
by its orange bracts and pink corollas, is known only from cultivation in Honduras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Cortes: garden in San Pedro Sula, T: Peréz E. s.n. (EAP, F).
Asystasia nea T. Anderson
This native of Africa and the Indian Subcontinent is cultivated and possibly
eres in Honduras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Corres: garden in San Pedro Sula, T: Peréz E. s.n. (EAP).—Gracias
Dios: cultivada en Puerto Lempira, C. Nelson & E. Vargas 5166 (MO, TEFH).—IsLas DE LA BAHiA: Gua-
naja, Fruit Harbour Bight, C. hates 9970 (TEFH).
Barleria cristata L.
This native of southern Asia is probably known only from cultivation in Hon-
duras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. FRANCISCO MorAZAN: Zamorano, cultivated, /. Valerio R. 1093 (EAP, F).
Barleria oenotheroides Dum. Cours.
Phenology. Flowering: November—January, May; fruiting: December, March—
May.
Distribution and habitat. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana; pine-oak forests, pine
forests, moist thickets, along streams; 250-1100 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: Cerro Guanacauro, 15 km ESE de Choluteca, C. Nelson
ae (TEFH).—Comayacua: Chichipates, Rio Yure, 30 km E Lago Yojoa, C. Nelson et al. 6607 (MO,
FH).—Copan: Hwy CA4 between Guatemalan border at Agua Caliente and Santa Rosa de Copan, at
ae Higuito near hens of Cucuyagua Copan, 14°39'N, 88°53'W, 7: Croat & D. Hannon 63862 (CAS).—EL
Paraiso: Montafia Cifuentes entre El Urraco y Cifuentes, A. Molina R. 11421 (EAP, F, NY).—FRANcIscO
MorazAn: Suyapa, A. Molina R. 704 (EAP).—Intipucd: Quebrada mae near SW base of Sierra de
senate ca. 24.5 km SW of Siguatepeque toward Jestis de Otoro, ca. 14°31'N, 87°59'W, T: Daniel &
: fae ad 9639 (CAS, EAP).—Lempira: Rio Mejocote, : km de olen C. Nelson et al. 247 (MEXU,
H).—OLancuo: Rio Patuca, G. Cruz 113 (TEFH) — ANTA BARBARA: aaeee river ca. 1 km E of Santa
nee ca. 14°55'N, 88°14'W, 7. Daniel & J. Araque 9620 Toe EAP, K, MO, l
New World collections of this species have long been identified with the name
Barleria micans Nees. Daniel (1995a) and Balkwill and Balkwill (1997) have shown
that American plants of B. micans are conspecific with the western African species
B. oenotheroides.
Blechum grandiflorum Oerst.
Phenology. Flowering: January—April; fruiting: February—May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua; cloud for-
ests, moist forests, pine forests, moist thickets, cafetales; 400-1700 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CoMAYAGUA: Montafiuelas, A. Molina R. 11784 (EAP).—Corres: cafetal
Los Naranjos near Lago Yojoa, J. Dickson J178 (EAP).—EL Paraiso: Montana Apauhis sobre Danli,
66 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
1600 m, bosque de nubes, 24 Sep 1952, A. Molina R. 5119 (type of Ruellia latibracteata D. N. Gibson:
ho oe. . isotypes: EAP! GH!).—Francisco Morazan: faldas de Cordillera de Misoco, A. Molina R.
6054 (EAP, F).—OLancuo: along Rio Olancho, on road between San Estéban and Bonito Oriental, 3.3
mi SW of se with Colon Dept., along Rio Grande, 20.8 mi SW of jet. in hwy to La Ceiba and Tr ujillo,
1S°31'N, 85°42'W, T. Croat & D. Hannon 64507 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Yoro: Piedra Colorada, A. Molina R.
6885 (EAP, F).
Ruellia latibracteata is treated here as a synonym of B. grandiflorum. It was
based on collections from several departments of Honduras (Gibson 1972). Most
of the collections cited above were originally identified as “Ruellia locuples Stand.
& L. Williams,” a name that was never validly published. Similar collections from
Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua have been treated as either R. mirandana Rama-
moorthy & Hornelas (Ramamoorthy & Hornelas 1988) or Blechum grandiflorum
Oerst. (Daniel 1995b; Durkee 2001). Daniel (1995a) discussed the generic position
of this species and the generic distinctions between Blechum and Ruellia. Plants of
RK. latibracteata from Honduras have the diagnostic characteristics of the former
genus. Plants from the western portion of the range of the species (Mexico and Gua-
temala) differ from most of those in the eastern portion of the range (Honduras and
Nicaragua; including the type of R. /atibracteata) by having inconspicuous glandular
trichomes on the surfaces of the bracts and bracteoles. Pubescence, if any, on the
bracts and bracteoles of most plants from Honduras and Nicaragua consists of a few
antrorse to antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes mostly along the midvein. A
few of the inconspicuous glands are evident on Dickson J/178 at EAP, however. In all
other features, plants of R. latibracteata from Honduras concur with those treated as
B. grandiflorum elsewhere in tropical America.
Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.
Phenology. Flowering: November-—June; fruiting: November—June.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Hon-
duras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Patiama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana,
Surinam, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, naturalized in the Old World: pine-
oak forests, moist forests, wet thickets, disturbed thickets, waste ground, lawns, along
streams; 20-1300 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley, ca. 3 km up Rio Lancetilla from Lance-
tilla Botanical Garden, ca. 15°44'N, 87°27'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9479 (CAS, EAP, MO).—CHOLUTECa:
along road between Panamerican Hwy and Cedejfio, ca. | km § of Las Llanitos, ca. lat. 13°17'N, 87’20'W,
1 Daniel & J. Araque 9815 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Co Lon: Trujillo, Barrio Cristales, C Nelson & J. Martinez
1219 (TEFH).—Comayacua: El Banco, J. Valerio R. 2335 (E AP).—COoPAN: ae Copan cerca Copan
Ruinas, A. Molina R. 6595 (EAP, F).—Correts: Nacimiento del Rio Lindo near Lake Yo ojoa, L. Williams
& A. Molina R. 12386 (EAP, F).—EL Paraiso: Rio de los Aguacates N of Yuscaran, P Standley 27994
(EAP).—FRANcIsco MorRAZAN: Rio eas near San Francisco, ca. 5 km S of El Zamorano, ca. 13°58'N,
86°59'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9455 (CAS, EAP).—Gractas A Dios: Ahuas Bila, 200 km SO de Puerto
Lempira, Rio Wanki, C. Nelson & G. Cruz ae (TEFH).—Intisuca: Quebrada cae near SW base
of Sierra de Montecillos, ca. 24.5 km SW of Siguatepeque toward Jestis de Otoro, ca. 14°31'N, 87°59! W,
T. Daniel & J. Araque 9641 (CAS).—IsLas DE LA Bania: 4 km E of Coxenhole, Roatan Island. A. Molina
R. 20724 (EAP, F, US).—La Paz: Aldea La Florida, 25 km SE de Marcala, M. Martinez M. 15] (MO).—
OcorTePEQue: vicinity of Nueva Ocotepeque, P. Standley 27994 (EA P).—OLANcHO: ca. 2.5 km above (N)
i ecaare on lower slopes : Sierra de Agalta, ca. 14°53'N, 84°54'W, T. Daniel & G. Pilz 9585 (CAS,
AP).—Santa BARBARA: ca. 9 km SW of Pefia Blanca, in wash near Los Laureles ae along road to 2
si beyond toward El Higueron, ca. 14°S6'N, 88°04'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9614 (C (CAS, EAP).—VALLE:
along road between Panamerican Hwy near San Lorenzo and Coyolito, vicinity of Se Bas ca. 13°26'N,
87°32'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9816 (CAS, EAP).—Yoro: Rio Jalegua, 2 km N de Yoro, C. Nelson & J.
Martinez 1871 (TEFH).
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 67
Bravaisia integerrima (Spreng.) Stand.
Phenology. Flowering: February—May; fruiting: February.
Distribution and habitat. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela; primary forests; 10-90 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: 4 km SO de Marcovia, E. Alexander s.n. (74-16) (TEFH).—
Comayacua: Valle de Comayagua, D. Hazlett 1189 (EAP).—Gracias a Dros: Cerro Sipul, 1 km E de
Krausirpe, 15°03'N, 84°52'W, P. House 2287 (BM, F, MEXU, MO, TEFH).
This is one of the few arborescent species of Acanthaceae; in Honduras, it
reaches heights to 20 meters. Data on House 2287 attribute a local name (“yauma’’)
to the Tawahka inhabitants in Gracias a Dios, and note that this species is used for
firewood and its ash is used to treat maize kernels before grinding them to make
tortillas.
Carlowrightia arizonica A. Gray
Phenology. Flowering: March; fruiting: March.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica; habitat unknown; 640 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: El Banco, J. Valerio R. 2470 (EAP, F).
Crossandra infundibuliformis (L.) Nees
This native of Africa, Arabia, and the Indian Subcontinent is known only from
cultivation in Honduras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Cortés: San Pedro Sula, 7: Peréz E. s.n. (F).—FRancisco MoraZAN: Vicin-
ity of El Zamorano, P. Standley 25994 (EAP).
Dicliptera antidysenterica A. Molina R.
Perennial herbs or shrubs to 1.5 m tall. Young stems quadrate-sulcate to sub-
hexagonal, + bifariously pubescent with retrorse to retrorsely appressed eglandular
trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm long. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 75 mm long, blades ovate
to elliptic, 35-185 mm long, 18-104 mm wide, 1.2-2.1 times longer than wide, acumi-
nate at apex, (truncate to) rounded to acute to subattenuate at base, surfaces pubes-
cent (especially along major veins) with flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes.
Inflorescence of pedunculate cymes in axils of distal leaves and subfoliose bracts
(inflorescence bracts) at or near shoot apex, inflorescence bracts often caducous,
rachis pubescent with retrorse to retrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes 0.2-0.4
mm long, trichomes + concentrated in 2 vertical lines, cymes (1—) 2-3 (-4) per axil,
opposite at nodes, peduncles 2-23 mm long, pubescent like rachis, inflorescence bracts
petiolate, ovate to narrowly elliptic, 8-18 mm long, 2-5.5 mm wide, pubescent like
leaves, paired bracts subtending cymes lance-subulate to lanceolate to lance-ovate
to linear, 5-14 mm long, 0.8-2.2 mm wide, abaxial surface nearly glabrous to sparsely
pubescent with eglandular trichomes, margin ciliate with erect to flexuose eglandular
trichomes to 1.2 mm long; cymules (3—) 4-6 (-7) per cyme, sessile to pedunculate,
peduncles to 3 mm long, Outer cymule bracteoles unequal, the larger one obovate
(to obovate-elliptic), 8-17 mm long, 1.2-1.7 times longer than shorter one, 2.4~7 mm
wide, the shorter one elliptic to ovate, 6.5-10 mm long, 1.8-3 mm wide, both bracte-
oles rounded to acute (or sometimes slightly apiculate) at apex, mucro absent (or if
68 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
present, then up to 0.2 mm long), abaxial surface pubescent with flexuose to antrorse
to antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes ().1-0.4 mm long, adaxial surface pubes-
cent with flexuose glandular and eglandular trichomes to 0.4 mm long, margin ciliate
with erect to flexuose eglandular trichomes to 1.5 mm long. Inner cymule bracteoles
lanceolate, 5.5—9 mm long, 0.9-1.4 mm wide, abaxial surface pubescent with flexuose
to antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.2-0.3 mm long. Calyx 4-5.5 mm long, lobes subu-
late, unequal, 3-4 mm long, abaxially pubescent like inner cymule bracteoles. Corolla
resupinate, cream-white with faint maroon markings on upper lip, 15-19 mm long,
externally pubescent with flexuose eglandular and sometimes glandular (sparse and
inconspicuous when present) trichomes 0.2-0.8 mm long, tube 7.5-9.5 mm long, 1-1.5
mm in diameter near midpoint, upper lip 7-11 mm long, 3-lobed, lobes 0.3-0.6 mm
long, lower lip 7-11 mm long, entire. Stamens inserted near mouth of corolla tube,
10-12 mm long, filaments pubescent with eglandular (and sometimes a few glandular)
trichomes, thecae 1-1.4 mm long, + equal in size, subparallel to subperpendicular,
unequally inserted (overlapping by 0.4-0.7 mm long), dehiscing toward upper lip;
pollen (Fig. 2f, g) 3-colporate, 6-pseudocolpate with much deformity and/or fusion
of pseudocolpi. Style 14-15 mm long, pubescent with eglandular trichomes, stigma
lobes 0.3-0.5 mm long. Capsule substipitate, 6.5-7.5 mm long, pubescent with flexuose
glandular (especially near apex) and eglandular trichomes 0.1—0.5 mm long, stipe
Q.5-0.8 mm long. Seeds 2.3-3 mm long, 2.2-3 mm wide, surface knobby with low,
rounded papillae.
Phenology. Flowering: February-May; fruiting: February—May.
Distribution and habitats. Endemic to Honduras; moist forests, along streams,
along trails, cafetales; 760-2100 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: along Quebrada Agua Helada, just outside San José de Los
Planes, ca. 14 km E of Lago Yojoa, 14°47'N, 87°51'W, R. Evans 1343 (CAS, EAP, MO, TEFH).—Corrss:
cafetal Los Naranjos near Lago Yojoa, J. Dickson J177 (EAP).—SANTA BARBARA: E slopes of Cerro Santa
Barbara, 2100 m, 4 Apr 1951, P. Allen et al. 6054 (holotype: F!; isotypes: EAP! US!).
In the protologue, Allen’s type collection number is erroneously cited as “6056.”
This species is usually equated with D. swmichrasti Lindau (e.g., Gibson 1974), a spe-
cies described from Mexico. Although studies of Dicliptera in Mexico and Central
America are incomplete, the distinctions between D. antidysenterica and D. sumi-
chrasti appear as great as between numerous other species currently recognized in
the genus. Dicliptera antidysenterica and D. sumichrasti can be distinguished by the
following couplet:
Inflorescence bracts ovate to narrowly elliptic; outer cymule bracteoles rounded to acute (sometimes
slightly apiculate) at apex, emucronate (or mucro, if present, up to 0.2 mm long), margin ciliate
with erect to flexuose trichomes to 1.5 mm long; inner cymule bracteoles 5—9 mm long; calyx
4-5.5 mm long; external surface of corolla pubescent with eglandular trichomes only (or glands,
if present, very sparse and inconspicuous); capsules pubescent with eglandular and glandular
(sometimes only near apex) trichomes. D. antidysenterica
Inflorescence bracts lanceolate; outer cymule bracteoles acute to spinose-aristate at apex with
cro to 1 mm long, margin ciliate with antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.1—-0.2 mm long; inner
cymule bracteoles 3.54.7 mm long; calyx 3-3.5 mm long; external surface of corolla pubescent
with glandular (conspicuous) and eglandular trichomes: capsules pubescent with eglandular
trichomes only. D. sumichrasti
In the protologue of D. antidysenterica, Molina (1965) noted that roots of of this
species (and others of this genus) are crushed and cooked in order to make a remedy
for amoebic dysentery in rural regions of Honduras.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 69
Dicliptera sexangularis (L.) Juss.
Phenology. Flowering: February—April; fruiting: March—May.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Hon-
duras, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, French Guiana, Brazil;
moist forests, moist thickets, dry thickets, disturbed areas, along streams; 0-900 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Quebrada Jeto, vicinity of Comayagua, P Standley & J.
Chacén P. 6000 (EAP, F).—Cortés: vicinity of La Lima, Rio Chamelecén, P. Standley & J. Chacon P. 7092
(EAP, F).—EL Paraiso: Montafia Apahuis, N of Danli above Los Arcos, ca. 14°01'N, 86°33'W, T. Daniel &
J. Araque 9843a (CAS, EAP).—Francisco Morazan: finca in Agua Blanca, ca. 5 km SW of Talanga, ca.
14°24'N, 87°07'W, T. Daniel & G. Pilz 9578 (CAS, EAP).—Isas DE LA Bania: Roatan Island, A. Molina R.
20652 (EAP, F, US).—OLancuo: ca. 2.5 km above (N) Catacamas on lower slopes of Sierra de Agalta, ca.
14°53'N, 84°54'W, T. Daniel & G. Pilz 9584 (CAS, EAP, MO, US).—Santa BARBara: Los Dragos on Rio
Chamelecén, SW of Quimistan, P. Standley & H. Lindelie 7319 (EAP, F).
Dicliptera unguiculata Nees
Phenology. Flowering: November—April; fruiting: November—April.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru; moist forests, pine-oak forests, moist thickets,
along streams, disturbed areas; 800-2000 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: vicinity of San Marcos de Colon, P. Standley 15737 (EAP,
F).—Comayaaua: Siguatepeque, J. Valerio R. 2716 (EAP, F).—Correés: Aldea Santa Elena, 10 km E de
Lago Yojoa, R. Maldonado 84 (TEFH).—EL Paraiso: Mandasta, along road between Manzanagua and
se ae ca.8 km SE of San Lucas, ca 86°55'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9809 (BR, CAS, EAP, K, MO,
US).—Francisco Mor no, J. Valerio R. 3747 (EAP, F, US).—IntiBuca: vicinity of La
ee and Intibuca, P one Re ) (EAB F).—La Paz: near Marcala, F Barkley & M. Hernandez
M. 40073 (GH, TEFH).—Ocorereaue: vicinity of Nuevo Ocotepeque, P. Standley 27894 (EAP).
Information on the label of Molina R. 27344 notes the local name “quita diarrea”
for this species, and Nelson (1986) noted that it is used as a remedy for dysentery.
Dicliptera sp.
OcorePEQue: 10 km NE of Sinuapa, 1300 m, stream bank in mixed forest, 24 January 1976 (flr), A.
Molina R. et al. 31415 (EAP).
Several superficially similar species have been described from Guatemala
(e.g., D. debilis Leonard, D. guttata Standl. & Leonard, D. inutilis Leonard, and D.
membranacea Leonard), but their status and range of morphological variation have
not been adequately studied. Several of these species are known only by the types,
which are sometimes fragmentary. The Honduran collection noted above superfi-
cially resembles these species and D. antidysenterica, but differs from all of them by
the following combination of characters: paired bracts subtending cymes linear to
elliptic, 8.5-10 mm long, 1.1-2.7 mm wide; cymules 3 per cyme, sessile to subsessile;
outer cymule bracteoles obovate, unequal, 10.515, 4-6 mm wide, abaxially sparsely
pubescent eglandular trichomes, margin ciliate with flexuose eglandular trichomes to
1.3 mm long, apex rounded-apiculate; and corolla “fuchsia,” resupinate, 30 mm long,
externally pubescent with glandular and eglandular trichomes. It may represent an
undescribed species, but it would seem imprudent to describe yet another species in
this complex, based on a single and fragmentary specimen, at the present time. A bet-
ter understanding of species of Dicliptera in Central America and fruiting collections
resembling Molina R. et al. 31415 should ultimately assist in determining its status.
Pollen from this collection is shown in Fig. 2c.
70 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Dyschoriste capitata (Oerst.) Kuntze
Phenology. Flowering: February—July; fruiting: February—July.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua; pine forests,
open savannas, wet meadows, dry meadows; 1050-1500 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Siguatepeque, A. Clewell 3147 (EAP).—FRANCISCO
Morazan: Zambrano, A. Molina R. 14255 (EAP).—Intipuca: alrededores de La Esperanza, Cerro San
Cristobal, /. Martinez & C. Bejarano 158 (MO, TEFH).
Dyschoriste quadrangularis (Oerst.) Kuntze
Phenology. Flowering: October—April; fruiting: November—April.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua;
moist forests, moist thickets, dry thickets, along streams, disturbed areas; 480-1100 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: vicinity of San Marcos de Colon, P. Standley 15702 (EAP).—
CoMAYAGUA: Vicinity of Comayagua, P. Standley & J. Chac6n P. 5673 (EAP, F).—Copan: Copan Ruinas
airport, A. Molina R. et al. 32179 (EAP, MO).—EL Paraiso: edge of dry lake near Galeras, 800 m, 5 January
1947, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 11541 (type of D. hondurensis Leonard: holotype: US!; isotypes: EAP!
GH!).—Francisco Morazan: grounds of Escuela Agricola Panamericana in El Zamorano, S of livestock
sheds, ca. 14°01'N, 87°01'W, 7. Daniel 9788 (CAS, EAP, MO, TEFH).—La Paz: 3 km N de La Paz. B. Holst
362 (EAP).—OLAaAncuo: ca. | km upstream on Rio Boquer6n from Puente Boqueron on Juticalpa—Cata-
camas hwy., ca. 12 km SW of Catacamas, ca. 14°47'N, 86°00'W, 7. Daniel & G. Pilz 9582 (CAS, EAP).
Examination of the type of D. hondurensis Leonard reveals it to be similar in
all characters to the widely distributed D. quadrangularis, and the former name is
herewith placed into the synonymy of the latter. Color of the corollas of plants from
Honduras varies from white to pink to purplish. The type of D. hondurensis was
noted to have blue flowers.
Elytraria imbricata (Vahl) Pers.
Phenology. Flowering: October—May; fruiting: October—May.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Hon-
duras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador,
Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina; moist forests, moist thickets, dry forests, dry thickets,
disturbed areas; 20-950 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: La Laguna, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 1268] (EAP, F).—
ComayaGua: || km O de Zambrano, C. Nelson & R. Andino 12570 ( TEFH).—Copan: Copan Ruins airport,
Molina - et se 32159 (EAP).—Cortes: Ocote Arrancado, 50 km N de Lago de Yojoa, C. Nelson et al.
56 32 (MO, TEFH).—Francisco Morazan: grounds of Escuela Agricola Panamericana in El Zamorano,
ca. 14O1'N, eae T. Daniel 9464 (CAS, ere, —Intipuca: Agua Caliente, Las Marias, /. Martinez 422
uae Oe between Juticalpa and La Concepcion, P. Standley 17905 (EAP. F).—Santa BaAr-
BARA: Carretera Chamelec6n—Confradia, A. Moline R. 3872 (EAP, F, GH).—Va tte: along road between
Puerto eae ie Coyolito, ca.7 km NE of Coyolito, ca. 13°21'N, 87°36' W, 7. Daniel & J. Araque 9818 (CAS,
EAP, TEFH).—Yoro: Victoria, Rio Sulaco, C. Nelson et al. 7178 (MO, TEFH).
The species generally has blue corollas, and those Honduran collections that
note corolla color also indicate blue corollas. Daniel 9824 from Francisco Morazan
has corollas entirely white. The population from which this collection was made
occurs in a pine plantation on the grounds of the Escuela Agricola Panamericana. In
this population, the ratio of plants with blue flowers to those with white flowers was
approximately 1:1 among about 100 individuals seen. Plants grown from seed from
these white-flowered individuals have white flowers themselves. Thus, they do not
appear to represent an albinic form, but rather an unusual local expression of the
species or an unrecognized taxon.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE a.
Eranthemum pulchellum Andr.
This native of the Indian Subcontinent is known only from cultivation in Hon-
duras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMEN. FRANCISCO MoraZAn: El Picacho, Tegucigalpa, J. Valerio R. 3631 (EAP, F).
Fittonia albivenis (Lindl. ex Veitch) Brummitt
is native of Andean South America is known only from cultivation in Hon-
duras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMEN. Cortes: garden in San Pedro Sula, P. Standley 29479 (EAP).
Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.
is species presumably is native to insular Malesia and is known only from
cultivation in Honduras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMEN. Cortés: Aldea El Zapotal, 15 km NE de San Pedro Sula, C. Ortega 199
(TEFH).—Francisco MorazaAn: Zamorano, J. Valerio R. 3026 (EAP, F).
Hemigraphis alternata (Burm. f.) T. Anderson
This species presumably is native to insular Malesia. It is cultivated in Honduran
gardens and purportedly escapes therefrom on occasion. Information on the label of
Molina R. 10380 notes that the plants were a probable escape from cultivation.
EPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: cerca de Estaci6n Experimental de Lancetilla, A. Molina R.
10380 ae F).—ComayaGua~: vicinity of poe ek t hee 6 < i enc P. 6646 (F).—CorreEs: San
Pedro Sula, jardin, T. Peréz E. s.n. (EAP).—Francisco Mor: \ en jardin, campus de la EAP,
El Zamorano, A. Molina R. 14576 (LL).
Henrya insularis Nees ex Benth.
Phenology. Flowering: April-May; fruiting: April-June.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica; dry thickets; 170-1800 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. FRANCISCO MorAZAN: Rio Guarabuqui, terranos de los indios Xicaques
de la Montafia de La Flor, A. Molina R. 3017 (EAP, F).—La Paz: 6 km N de La Paz, Valle de Comayagua,
B. Holst 1677 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Santa BARBARA: hwy to Copan at double S curve, J. Dickson 1443
(EAP, US).
Herpetacanthus panamensis Leonard
Phenology. Flowering: November; fruiting: November.
Distribution and habitats. Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama; moist to
wet forests; ca. 600 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMEN. Yoro: Cordillera Nombre de Dios, slopes above = pan of San oe in
Rio Lean Valley, between Rio Texiguat and Rio Guan Guan, 15°30.5'N, 87°27'W, J 3291
(CAS, MO).
This is the first report of this genus and species in Honduras and represents the
northernmost known station for both. Herpetacanthus Nees comprises about 10 spe-
cies occurring in Central America and South America (primarily Brazil). The genus
resembles Justicia in many features, but its androecium consists of four (vs. two in
Justicia) fertile stamens (one pair dithecous and one pair monothecous). Indeed,
molecular data indicate closer affinities to a lineage of Justicieae including Pseuderan-
themum and Odontonema than to the lineage including Justicia (McDade et al. 2000).
Pe: CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Pollen of the two known Central American species is 3-colporate, 6- -pseudocolpate.
The sole Honduran collection differs from those of H. panamensis in southern Cen-
tral America by its glabrous (vs. sparsely pubescent, at least distally) capsules and
inconspicuously (vs. conspicuously) ciliate bracts. It lacks corollas but label data on
the specimen notes that buds were white.
Hygrophila costata Nees
Phenology. Flowering: September, December—June; fruiting: September, Decem-
ber—June.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicara-
gua, Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Surinam, French Guiana, Ecuador,
Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, tae Uruguay, Argentina; moist forests, wet thickets, along
streams; 50-1200 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley, ca. 3 km up Rio Lancetilla from Lancetilla
Botanical Garden, ca. 15°44'N, 87°27'W, T: Daniel & J. oo 9484 (CAS, EAP, K, MO, US).—Cno.uteca:
vicinity of San Marcos de Colén, . sacle 15780 PF): mer Trujillo, Rio Negro, S. Cerna
(MO, TEFH).—ComayaGua: Siguatepeque, J. — rio oe 2667 (EAP, F).—Francisco MoRAZAN: Col. Ger-
mania, Rio Choluteca, R. oe aah z 134 (TEFH).—Gracias A aie Quebrada de Unawas, 3 km NE de
Krausirpe, 15°03'N, 84°S0'W, P. House 1816 (F, MO, TEFH).—OLAancuo: ca. 22 km NE of Catacamas on
road to Dulce Nombre de Culmi, ca. 14°54'N, 85°43'W, 7. Daniel & G. Pilz 9592 (CAS, EAP, MO).
Hypoestes phyllostachya Baker
Phenology. Flowering: October, January—May; fruiting: October, January—May.
Distribution and habitats. Madagascar; both widely cultivated and naturalized in
the American tropics; gardens, disturbed areas (e.g., roadsides), moist forests, pine-
oak forests, dry forests; sea level to 1850 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: garden in Tela, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34699 (EAP).—
ComayaGua: Aldea Agua Dulce, 14 km NE de Siguatepeque, 8. Ramos 107 (TEF H).—EL Paraiso: Mon-
tana Navijupe, Frijolares, between Galeras and Manzanagua, 2 km N of Manzanagua, 13°50'N, 86°59'W,
L. Daniel & J. Araque 9794 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Francisco MorAZAN: alon ng road to Parque Nacional La
se 22-25 km NE of Tegucigalpa, 14°12'N, 87°07'W, 7: Croat & D. Harnor 53977 (CAS, EAP).—La Paz:
m S de Marcala, cultivada, R. Keyser 1643 (EAP).—Yoro: Armenia public school garden, A. Molina
2 ene: (EAP).
This species is both cultivated and naturalized in Honduras.
Justicia aurea Schltdl.
Phenology. Flowering: September—A pril: fruiting: March.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama; wet forests, moist forests, moist thickets: 8-1600 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Estaci6n Experimental de Lancetilla, A. Molina R. 10397
(EAP, F).—Corres: W side of Lake Yojoa near Pefia Blanca, L. Williams & R. Williams 18736 (EAP, F,
GH, US).—EL Paraiso: vicinity of Danli, P Si es 16525 (EAP, F).—Francisco MorAZAN: San Juancito
camino a Montaiia La Tigra, A. Molina R. 8823 (EAP, F, US).—Gracias A Dios: between Rio Platano and
camp, ieee Tiro, 2 mi NW of Bulebar, ca. 15°43'N, a 50'W, J. Saunders 1148 (NY).—Le a
la Montana Puca entre eee y Cuabanos, A. Molina R. 12910 (EAP, F, NY).—OLANCHO: fet bEtWEes
a eran and La Pres of Catacamas, P. Standley 18565 — F).—SantTa BARBARA Cha-
melecon—Cofradia, A. ae R. 3860 (F, GH, US).—Yoro: camin de Yoro a la montafia Buenos Aires,
C. Nelson & J. Martinez 1766 (TEFH).
This native species is sometimes cultivated in Honduras.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 73
Justicia brandegeana Wassh. & L. B. Sm.
This native of eastern montane Mexico is cultivated in Honduras. Because sev-
eral herbarium specimens do not indicate that the plants were cultivated, the species
might have become naturalized in some places as well. Possibly naturalized plants
occur in moist and dry forests at elevations from 460 to 1500 m. Plants flower and
fruit from January through July.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CopAN: Copan Ruinas, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34278 (EAP, MO).—
ores: vicinity of La Lima, P. Standley & J. Chacén P. 7210 (EAP, F).—EL Paraiso: 5 km S de El Paraiso,
\ Pastor 796 (EAP).—FRANcIsco MoraZAn: Santa Lucia, 10 km NE de Tegucigalpa, /. Cambar 166 (CAS,
PIRA: Gracias, C. Nelson et al. 289 (TEFH).—OLAncuo: Aldea de Casas Viejas, 6 km NO de
ree nama 151 (NY).
Justicia breviflora (Nees) Rusby
Phenology. Flowering: March, December; fruiting: March, December.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El] Salvador, Honduras;
wet forests; 240-300 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Cortes: Montafia de Rio Piedras, A. Molina R. 3545 (EAP, GH).
This species is apparently known only from two Honduran collections, that cited
above and C. Thieme 5401 (US) from San Pedro Sula.
Justicia calliantha Leonard
Perennial herbs or shrubs to 2 m tall or long, sometimes weak and clambering.
Young stems subterete to subquadrate, multistriate with greenish striate depressions,
evenly or bifariously pubescent with flexuose to retrorse eglandular trichomes 0.2-1
mm long. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 18 mm long, blades ovate to broadly ovate to
cordate, 25-103 mm long, 16-56 mm wide, 1.3-1.9 times longer than wide, (rounded
to) acute to acuminate at apex, truncate to rounded to cordate at base, surfaces
pubescent (mostly along major veins) with erect to flexuose eglandular trichomes,
margin entire. Inflorescence of opposite or alternate pedunculate clusters of flow-
ers in leaf axils, peduncles 5-17 mm long, evenly pubescent with erect to flexuose
eglandular trichomes 0.1—-1 mm long, clusters 1—-5-flowered, | cluster per axil, some-
times with a short rachis evident among flowers, rachis (if present) pubescent like
peduncles. Bracts opposite to alternate, (lance-ovate to) subulate, 3-5.3 mm long,
0.5-1.3 mm wide, abaxial surface pubescent with an understory of erect eglandular
and/or subglandular to glandular trichomes to 0.1 mm long and an overstory of erect
to flexuose eglandular (and sometimes glandular) trichomes 0.2-0.5 mm long. Brac-
teoles subulate, 3.5-6 mm long, 0.5-7 mm wide, pubescent like bracts. Flowers sessile
to short-pedicellate (i.e., pedicels to 2 mm long). Calyx 4-lobed, 6-9.5 mm long, lobes
lanceolate, 4-8 mm long, 0.8-1.3 mm wide, abaxially pubescent with an understory of
erect subglandular to glandular trichomes to 0.1 mm long and an overstory of erect
to flexuose glandular and eglandular trichomes 0.2-0.3 mm long. Corolla red, 29-33
mm long, external surface pubescent with erect to flexuose glandular and eglandu-
lar trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm long, tube 15-18 mm long, gradually expanded distally,
2.8-3 mm in diameter near midpoint, throat not evident, upper lip 13-17 mm long,
2-lobed, lobes to 0.5 mm long, lower lip 16-19 mm long, lobes 0.5—1.5 mm long, 0.8-2
mm wide, central lobe largest. Stamens 14-16 mm long, filaments glabrous (at least
distally), thecae 2-3.2 mm long, subparallel to perpendicular, unequally inserted,
overlapping by 1.9-2 mm, unequal in size (distal theca larger), distal theca dorsally
74 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
pubescent with eglandular trichomes; pollen (Fig. Sa) 2-aperturate, apertures flanked
on each side by 2 rows of insulae. Style 26-31 mm long, proximally pubescent with
eglandular trichomes, distally glabrous, stigma unequally 2-lobed, 1 lobe 0.2 mm long,
other lobe rudimentary. Capsule 15-20 mm long, externally pubescent with erect
to retrorse glandular and eglandular trichomes to 0.2 mm long, head ellipsoid with
medial constriction, 9-13 mm long. Seeds 4, 3.8-4.8 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, surfaces
and margin with prominent conical tubercles.
Phenology. Flowering: November—March; fruiting: December—March.
Distribution and habitats. Endemic to Honduras; oak forests, thornscrub, along
streams; 600-1050 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Los Jicaros, 5 km SE de Lamanf, B. Holst 626 (EAP).—EL
Paraiso: Las Casitas, P. Standley et al. 620 (EAP, F).—FRancisco MorazAn: Rio Yeguare near San Fran-
cisco, 800 m, rocky knolls, 24 November 1946, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 10971 (holotype: US!; isotype:
EAP}).
This species is very similar to three species from Mexico and Central America,
Justicia nicaraguensis Durkee, J. sulphurea (Donn. Sm.) D. N. Gibson, and J. torresii
T. F. Daniel. It differs from all of these by its corollas, which are red (vs. yellow or
orange) and pubescent with both glandular and eglandular (vs. eglandular only)
trichomes.
Justicia candelariae (Oerst.) Leonard
Phenology. Flowering: January-April; fruiting: March-April.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Costa Rica,
Panama; moist forests; 970-1500 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Quebrada El Rincén, between EI Portillo and El Porvenir,
10 km W of Siguatepeque, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 25461 (EAP, F, US).—La Paz: La Florida de Marcala,
1 km N de la escuela nueva, R. Keyser 1707 (EAP).
Justicia carthagenensis Jacq.
Phenology. Flowering: October—January; fruiting: November—January.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Surinam, French Guiana,
Ecuador, Peru; scrub forests, swampy thickets, disturbed thickets, along streams;
0-960 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: along road between Panamerican Hwy and Cedejfo, ca. 1
km S of Las Llanitos and ca. 14 km S$ of Panamerican Hwy, 13°17'N, 87°20'E, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9814
(CAS, EAP, MO, TEFH).—Comayacua: Agua Caliente, vaguada de rios Chamo y Humuya, C. Nelson et al.
6502 (TEFH).—Corres: orilla del Rio Humuya, 40 km N Santa Cruz de Yojoa, C. Nelson et al. 5839 (MO,
TEFH).—Francisco MorAZAN: Valle de Zamorano, 30 km E de Tegucigalpa, A. Oviedo 2 (TEFH).—Gra-
clas A Dios: Rio Segovia, C. Nelson & EF. Vargas 4972 (MO, TEFH).—Va te: along Salamar beach, 2 km
E of San Lorenzo, Fonseca Gulf, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 22760 (DS, EAP. F, NY).—Yoro: Victoria, Rio
Sulaco, C. Nelson 7035 (MO, TEFH).
Justicia ciriloi T. F. Daniel, nom. nov. Beloperone blechioides Leonard, J. Wash. Acad.
Sci. 32: 186.1942, non Justicia blechoides (Lindau) Stearn, 1971.—Type: Gua-
TEMALA. Chiquimula: Montana Nonoja, 3-5 mi. E of Camotan, 600-1800 m,
11 Nov 1939, J. Steyermark 31740 (holotype: F!).
Perennial herbs to 1 m tall. Young stems subterete to subquadrate, pubescent
with an inconspicuous understory (sometimes absent) of erect glands 0.05—0.5 mm
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 75
G. 5. Pollen of Justicia. a. J. calliantha (Molina R. 18571), apertural view. b. J. ciriloi (Nelson et al.
ee ees view. c. J. ciriloi (Nelson et al. 6773), et eaites view. d. J. sp. (Dickson 1450), apertural
p. (Dickson 1450), polar view. f. J. tuxtlensis (Molina 20851), apertural view. g. J. ramulosa (Croat
& pa prt 7), apertural view. h. J. ramulosa (Wood 11161 from Bolivia), apertural view. 1. /. ramulosa
(Zardini 4585 from Paraguay), interapertural view. Scale bar = 10 um
long and an overstory of erect to flexuose eglandular trichomes 0.5—1.5 mm long,
trichomes + evenly disposed (at least on youngest growth) or concentrated in (but
not restricted to) 2 lines. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 27 mm long, blades ovate,
50-135 mm long, (17—) 23-62 mm wide, 2-2.9 times longer than wide, acuminate at
apex, rounded to acute to subattenuate at base, surfaces pubescent with flexuose to
76 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
antrorse eglandular trichomes and abaxial surface (especially midvein) and margin
with an understory of glandular trichomes 0.05-0.5 mm long as well, glandular tri-
chomes present on leaves even when absent on young stems, margin entire to sinu-
ate-crenate. Inflorescence terminal sessile to pedunculate densely bracteate 4-sided
dichasiate spikes to 5.5 cm long (including peduncle and excluding flowers), 20-25
mm in diameter near midspike, peduncles to 15 mm long, pubescent like young stems,
rachis pubescent like young stems; dichasia opposite, 1-flowered, | per axil, sessile.
Bracts opposite, usually tinged with maroon along margin (at least near apex), ses-
sile (or proximal bracts subfoliose and petiolate), ovate to ovate-elliptic, 13-19 mm
long, 8-10 mm wide (proximal bracts often subfoliose and larger), apically rounded
to acute to subacuminate, abaxial surface pubescent with antrorse eglandular tri-
chomes 0.1—0.7 mm long, margin ciliate with flexuose eglandular trichomes to 1.3 mm
long. Bracteoles linear-elliptic to elliptic, 7-13 mm long, 1.4-3 mm wide, pubescent
like bracts. Flowers sessile. Calyx 5-lobed, 6-8.3 mm long, lobes lanceolate to linear-
elliptic, subequal, 4.5—7.5 mm long, 0.9-1.2 mm wide, abaxially pubescent like bracts.
Corolla white or yellow with maroon markings on the lips, 28-36 mm long, externally
pubescent with flexuose eglandular trichomes 0.2-1 mm long, tube subcylindric to
+ gradually expanded distally, 16-22 mm long, upper lip 9.5-15 mm long, 2-lobed,
lobes 0.4—0.6 mm long, lower lip 9.5-18 mm long, lobes 1-5 mm long, 1.6-4 mm wide.
Stamens inserted near apex of corolla tube, 12-17 mm long, filaments pubescent with
flexuose eglandular trichomes, thecae maroon tinged, 1.5-2.2 mm long (including
basal appendage), equal, subparallel to subperpendicular, superposed (contiguous or
with gap to 0.3 mm long), dorsally pubescent with cobwebby eglandular trichomes,
lower theca with a bulbous basal appendage 0.4-0.6 mm long; pollen (Fig. 5b, c) either
3-colporate and 6-pseudocolpate or 3-aperturate with apertures flanked on each side
by | row of insulae or exhibiting an intermediate state between these two extremes.
Style 19-25 mm long, pubescent with eglandular trichomes, stigma subequally to
unequally 2-lobed, lobes 0.05—0.2 mm long. Capsule 9-10 mm long, pubescent with
erect to flexuose eglandular trichomes 0.1-0.5 mm long, stipe 3-3.5 mm long, head
ovoid to subspheric, 6 mm long. Seeds 4, lenticular, 2.5-3 mm long, 2-2.1 mm wide,
minutely papillose, lacking trichomes.
Phenology. Flowering: December—January; fruiting: January.
Distribution and habitats. Guatemala, Honduras; riparian forests; 200-300 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Chichipates, orilla del Rio Yure, 30 km E Lago Yojoa, C.
Nelson et al. 6608 (TEFH, MO), 6773 (MO, TEFH).—Yoro: orilla del Rio Jacagua, 15 km O de Victoria,
C. Nelson et al. 7250 (TEFH).
These Honduran collections, made in 1980 and 1981, greatly resemble the type,
and only known collection, of Beloperone blechioides from the department of Chiqui-
mula in east-central Guatemala. They represent the first records of the species in
Honduras, and apparently the first collections of the species since that of the type in
1939. In 1984, J. Simmons collected cuttings of this species in the department of Yoro
(42 km E of Santa Rita to Morazan); these were subsequently grown at the Royal
Botanic Gardens, Kew. A specimen from the plants cultivated at Kew was sent to
CAS (CAS 930274) and conforms to the description above.
Because Beloperone is now treated as congeneric with Justicia, and because a
confusingly similar epithet (i.e., “blechoides”) has already been used in the latter
genus, a new name is provided above for this “rediscovered” taxon, as allowed by
Articles 11 and 53 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Greuter
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 77
et al. 2000). The name honors Prof. Cirilo Nelson (b. 1938) of the Universidad
Auténoma de Honduras, who participated in the collection of all recent Honduran
specimens of it.
abels of the Honduran collections note that corollas were yellow or white-yel-
low. Label data on the type of B. blechioides notes that corollas were “white spotted
with purple around lip. ” Living plants cultivated at Kew from Simmons’s cuttings
(seen in 2002) have pale yellow corollas with maroon markings on the lips.
Gibson (1974) noted that Justicia fulvicoma Schltdl. (including Beloperone bel-
chioides in her circumscription of that species) was known from Honduras. The basis
for her inclusion of Honduras within the range of this species remains unknown. The
illustration (her Fig. 87) labeled as “Justicia fulvicoma” in her treatment of Guatema-
lan Acanthaceae pertains to J. ciriloi. Information in the description above includes
measurements from the Guatemalan type.
Justicia colorifera V. A. W. Graham
Phenology. Flowering: March-April, July; fruiting: March-April.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia; thickets, hedges; 1050-1215 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Vicinity of Siguatepeque, P Standley & J. Chacén P. 6179
(EAP).—Cortes: San Pedro Sula, C. Thieme 5400 (GH, US).—La Paz: along Marcala River, vicinity of
Marcala town, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 24272 (CAS, EAP,F, NY).
Known in Honduras as “sacatinta” and “anil” (fide Standley & Chacon P. 6179);
both names allude to the use of this plant as a dye and as a bluing agent in launder-
ing fabric.
Justicia comata (L.) Lam.
Phenology. Flowering: November—January, April—July; fruiting: December—Janu-
ary, April—July.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam,
French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, introduced into
Asia; wet depressions in moist to wet forests, around lakes, swamps, along streams;
0-800 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley, ca. 3 km up Rio Lancetilla from Lancetilla
Botanical Garden, ca. 15°44'N, 87°27'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9481 (CAS, EAP, K, MICH, MO, US).—
CoLon: Trujillo, 5 km W of airport, old road to Castilla, J. Saunders 985 (NY ).—ComayaGua: Pitosolo, Lago
Yojoa, J. Valerio R. 2957 (EAP, F).—Corres: San Pedro Sula, C. Thieme 5399 (CAS, GH, US).—FRANCcIsco
Morazan: Rio Yeguare, J. Valerio R. 989 (EAP, F).—Gracias A Dios: Klauban, poblado al W de Brus,
E. Vargas et al. 351 (MEXU, MO).—Otancuo: vicinity of Juticalpa, P. Standley 17711 (EAP, F).—SantTa
BARBARA: alrededores de Santa Barbara, Rio Ulua, A. Molina R. 3803 (EAP).—Yoro: Quebrada Seca,
P. Standley 53921 (F, US).
Justicia ensiflora (Standl.) D. N. Gibson
Phenology. Flowering: August, November; fruiting: August, November.
Distribution and habitats. Guatemala, Belize, Honduras; moist forests; 50 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Cortés: Aldea La Pita, 5 km SO de Puerto Cortés, C. Nelson et al. 3054 (MO,
TEFH).—Yoro: “Coyol” [Coyoles, now Coyoles Central, fide C. Nelson, in litt. ], M. Carleton 50] (US).
78 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Justicia macrantha Benth.
Phenology. Flowering: October—January; fruiting: unknown.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama:
moist forests, roadsides; 700-1300 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMEN. OLANCHO: cafion del rio del Monumento Natural El Boquer6n, ca. 28 km
NE de Juticalpa, J. Linares & J. L6pez 1847 (EAP).
Justicia micrantha (Oerst.) V.A.W. Graham
Phenology. Flowering: March—May; fruiting: March—May.
Distribution and habitats. Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama,
Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador; moist thickets, pine-oak forests, dry thickets, dry
forests; 220-700 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Agua Caliente, vaguada de rios Chamo y Humuya, 35 km
E Lago Yojoa, C. Nelson et al. 6379 (TEFH).—EL Paraiso: Valle Jamastran entre Rio Los Almendros
y Chichicaste, A. Molina R. 11390 (EAP, F, LL, NY).—OLancuo: ca. | km upstream on Rio Boquer6én
from Puente Boqueron on Juticalpa—Catacamas ts ca. 12 km SW of Catacamas, ca. 14°47'N, 86°00'W, 7:
Daniel & G., Pilz 9583 (CAS, EAP, K, MICH, MO, US).—Yoro: Victoria, orilla del Rio Sulaco, C. Nelson
et al. 7036 (MO).
Pollen of Daniel & Pilz 9583 is 2-aperturate with apertures flanked on each side
by 2 rows of insulae (Fig. 6a, b). This species was originally described from Nicaragua
as Chaetothylopsis micrantha Oerst. It has been treated under the names Chaetothy-
lax leucanthus Leonard (described from Colombia) and Justicia rothschuhii (Lindau)
Durkee (=Chaetothylax rothschuhii Lindau; also described from Nicaragua).
Justicia pectoralis Jacq.
Phenology. Flowering: January-April, August; fruiting: February.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French
Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina; wet depressions in moist
to wet forests, along streams; 30-1400 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley, ca. 3 km up Rio Lancetilla from Lancetilla
Botanical Garden, ca. 15°44'N, 87°27'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9480 (CAS, EAP, K, MO, US).—Comayacua:
Siguatepeque, J. Valerio R. 2737 (EAP. F).—Copan: Copan Ruinas, cultivated in hotel garden, A. Molina R.
& A. Molina 34285 (EAP).—EL Paraiso: Trincheras, 5 km S de El Paraiso, N. Pastor 804 (EAP).—FRAN-
cisco MoraAZAN: Zamorano, J. Valerio R. 3723 (EAP).—Gracias A Dios: Rio Mocorén, aldea de Mocor6n,
C. Nelson & E. Vargas 5047 (MO, TEFH, US).—OLancuo: trail between Catacamas and la presa, N of
Catacamas, P. Standley 18551 (EAP. F).
This native species is sometimes cultivated in Honduras.
Justicia pilzii T. F. Daniel, sp. nov.—T ype: Honpuras. Atlantida: 1-2 km NNW of
Cabeza del Negro, 15°29'N, 87°27'W, 200-500 m, 26 April 1994, D. Hazlett &
A. Brant 096 (holotype: EAP!; isotypes: BM! CAS! MEXU! MO)).
Bis. 7-
Herbae perennes vel frutices usque ad | m alti. Folia petiolata, laminae nodo
inaequalibus, margine integris. Inflorescentia floribus in spicas axillares (vel termi-
nales); dichasia uniflora, alterna, sessilia. Bracteae subulatae vel lineares vel anguste
ellipticae, 0.8-2 mm longae. Calyx 5-lobus, 3-4.1 mm longus, lobis homomorphis.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE ve)
FIG. 6. Pollen of Justicia. a. J. micrantha (Daniel & Pilz 9583), apertural view. b. J. micrantha (Daniel
& Pilz 9583), interapertural vie J. pilzii (Hazlett & Brant 8096), apertural view. d. J. pilzii (Hazlett &
Brant 8096), interapertural view. e. i (chore (Chacon G. 1015), apertural view. f. J. trichotoma (Chacon
G. 1015 from Costa Rica), interapertural view. Scale bar = 6 um
Corolla viridi-alba vel viridi-lutea et purpureo-notata, 6.5—10 mm longa, extus pube-
scens trichomatibus eglandulosis. Stamina thecis 0.8-1.2 mm longis, pubescentibus,
theca inferna basi calcarata. Capsula 6.5-10 mm long, pubescens trichomatibus
eglandulosis.
Perennial herbs to shrubs to 1 m tall. Young stems quadrate to quadrate-sulcate to
+ flattened, pubescent with antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.1—0.3 mm long, trichomes
often conspicuously septate with maroon septa, appearing + evenly disposed or con-
centrated in 2 lines. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 13 mm long, blades ovate-elliptic
to broadly elliptic, those of a pair at nodes unequal in size, larger blades 23-95 mm
long, 13-34 mm wide, 1.4-3.6 times longer than wide, smaller blades 5-53 mm long,
3-25 mm wide, 1.2-2.1 times longer than wide, larger blades 1.8-9.6 times longer
than smaller blades, all blades (rounded to) acute to acuminate at apex, (rounded to)
acute (to attenuate) at base, surfaces pubescent with antrorse to antrorsely appressed
eglandular trichomes restricted to major veins, margin entire. Inflorescence of axillary
(and terminal) pedunculate dichasiate spikes to 20 mm long (including peduncle and
excluding flowers), spikes opposite or alternate at nodes, peduncles to 6 mm long, rachis
evenly pubescent with erect to flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes 0).05—0.2
80 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. 7. Justicia 5 a. Branch (Hazlett & Brant 8096), x0.9. b. Inflorescence node with flower (Wilson
219), x7.c. Distal p n of stamen with anther (Wilson 279), x19. e. Capsule valve with seed (Hazlett &
Brant 8096), x4.7. ane by Jennifer Kane.
mm long and erect to flexuose glandular trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm long (glandular
pubescent); dichasia 1-flowered, alternate (but not secund), sessile. Bracts opposite to
subopposite, subulate to linear to narrowly elliptic, 0.8-2 mm long, 0.3-0.6 mm wide,
abaxial surface glandular pubescent (or glandular trichomes sometimes absent).
Bracteoles subulate to linear, 0.7-1.5 mm long, 0.2—0.4 mm wide, abaxial surface
pubescent like bracts. Flowers subsessile (i.e., borne on pedicels to 0.5 mm long).
Calyx 5-lobed, 3-4.1 mm long, lobes lance-subulate, equal in size, 2.3-3.5 mm long,
abaxially glandular pubescent. Corolla greenish white to greenish yellow with purple
markings, 6.5-10 mm long, externally pubescent with erect to flexuose eglandular
trichomes 0.1—0.3 mm long, tube 5-7 mm long, upper lip 2-3.5 mm long, entire to
emarginate at apex, lower lip 2-3.8 mm long, lobes 0.5-0.8 mm long, 0.6-0.9 mm wide.
Stamens 3 mm long, thecae unequally inserted (overlapping by 0.1—-0.2 mm) to super-
posed (contiguous), parallel, 0.8-1.2 mm long (including basal appendage), unequal
in size (lower theca longer), pubescent with flexuose eglandular trichomes, upper
theca with a basal appendage up to 0.1 mm long, lower theca with basal appendage
0.4-0.5 mm long; pollen (Fig. 6c, d) 3-colporate, 6-pseudocolpate, exine reticulate to
bireticulate. Style 5~7 mm long, proximally pubescent and distally glabrous, stigma +
funnelform, 0.1 mm long. Capsule 6.5—10 mm long, externally pubescent with erect to
flexuose to retrorse eglandular trichomes 0.1-0.3 mm long. Seeds 4, lenticular, 1.7—2.3
mm long, |.7—2.2 mm wide, surface smooth to + rugose.
Phenology. Flowering: January, April; fruiting: April.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 81
Distribution and habitats. Endemic to Honduras; along streams and in thickets
in wet forests; 20-200 m.
PARATYPES. Honduras. ATLANTIDA: vicinity of San Alejo, base of hills S of San Alejo near Rio San
Alejo, P. Standley 7598 (EAP, F); Lancetilla Valley, near Tela, P Standley 52969 (F), 55396 (A, F); along
trail W of Tela River, Puerto Sierra, P Wilson 219 (NY)
The species is readily recognizable among Honduran Acanthaceae by the con-
spicuously unequally sized leaves at each node. Honduran specimens of this species
were treated by Standley (1931) as J. trichotoma (Kuntze) Leonard. Both species occur
in wet forests of the Caribbean lowlands. While J. pilzii resembles J. trichotoma of
southern Central America by its antrorse cauline trichomes, anisophyllous leaves,
similar inflorescences, equally S-lobed calyces, relatively small and similarly shaped
corollas, and pubescent thecae, it differs in numerous significant characters, which are
summarized in the following couplet:
Cauline trichomes eglandular; leaf margin entire; calyx 3-4.1 mm long; corolla 6.5—10 mm long; the-
cae 0.8-1.2 mm long, the lower theca with a basal appendage 0.5 mm long; pollen 3-aperturate,
apertures flanked on each side by a pseudocolpus (i.e., 6-pseudocolpate); capsule 6.5-10 mm long;
seed surface smooth to rugose; Honduras. J. pilzii
Cauline trichomes usually wit some eee trichomes present; leaf margin sinuate; calyx 6.5—9
m long; corolla 15-17 n 0.7 mm long, the lower theca with a basal appendage
02 mm long; pollen 2- pees seers flanked on each side by peninsulae; capsule 12-15 mm
long; seed surface gemmate to baculate; Costa Rica and Panama. J. trichotoma
The palynological differences (Fig. 6c-f) were noted in multiple collections of
each species (/. pilzii: Hazlett & Brant 8096, Standley 55396, and Wilson 219; J. tricho-
toma: Chacon G. 1015, Hammel 7736, and Jiménez M. 1909
Although present, glandular trichomes are neither as numerous nor conspicuous
in the inflorescence of Wilson 2/9 as in the other collections of J. pilzii observed.
The epithet of this species honors Dr. George Pilz (b. 1942) of the Escuela Agri-
cola Panamericana in Honduras, student of Nyctaginaceae, devoted teacher and
amiable colleague, who helped make this account possible.
Justicia ramosa (Oerst.) V.A. W. Graham
Phenology. Flowering: throughout the year; fruiting: December, March—August.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa
Rica, Colombia; moist forests, moist thickets, along streams, oak thickets, dry thickets,
dry forests, thornscrub; 400-1300 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: El Banco, J. Valerio R. 2449 (EAP, F).—EL Paraiso: road
between Yuscaran and Oropoli, 10- 14 km N of Oropoli, ca. 13°55'N, 86°48'W, T: Daniel et al. 9566 (CAS,
EAP, MO, US).—Francisco MoRAZAN: ca. 21 km SE of Talanga along road to Villa de San Francisco,
ca. 14°14'N, 87°01'W, 7: Daniel & G. ae 9608 (CAS, EAP, K, MO, US).—OcorTePEQueE: vicinity of Nueva
Ocotepeque, P. Standley 27993 (EAP).—OLANcuo: vicinity of Catacamas, P. Standley 18161 (EAP, F).
Both Gibson (1974; see under Siphonoglossa Oerst.) and Durkee (2001) treated
J. ramosa and J. sessilis Jacq. as conspecific. Hilsenbeck (1989; as Siphonoglossa) studied
these species and their types in detail and concluded that they are distinct on the
basis of the flowers (sessile in the leaf axils in J. sessilis vs. borne in bracteate spikes in
J. ramosa) and seeds (surface with bullate encrustations 0.3-0.5 mm long in J. ramosa
vs. surface with tuberculate or papillose protuberances 0.1—-0.2 mm in diameter in
82 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
J. sessilis). Until they are again thoroughly studied from throughout their ranges,
both species, as distinguished by Hilsenbeck, are recognized here. As treated here, /.
ramosa includes Siphonoglossa hondurensis Standl. & Steyerm. [=S. ramosa var. hon-
durensis (Standl. & Steyerm.) Hilsenb.], the type of which was collected in Honduras
[Francisco Morazan: region de La Travesia, cerca de Suyapa, 1100 m, 18 Sep 1948, P.
Standley 12459 (holotype: F!; isotype: EAP!)|. Hilsenbeck (1989) indicated that var.
hondurensis could be distinguished from var. ramosa by its dark brown stems, more
ovately-lanceolate leaves, and usually shorter corollas. These characters appear to
vary throughout the range of the species. As noted by Ayers and Boufford (1988), the
type of Justicia rhodioides Leonard from Colombia also pertains to this species.
Justicia ramulosa (Morong) C. Ezcurra
Phenology. Flowering: January—March; fruiting: May.
Distribution and habitats. Guatemala, Honduras, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay,
Argentina; moist forests, cafetales; 400-600 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CoPAN: vicinity of ruins near Copan Ruinas, ca. 14°51'N, 89°08'W, 7) Daniel
& J. Araque 9624 (CAS, EAP, K, MICH, MO, US).—OLANcno: along Rio Olancho, W of main Teguci-
galpa—Catacamas hwy, ca. | km upstream from and NW of Puente Boquer6n, 8.6 mi SW of Catacamas, 6
mi SW of Sta. Maria del Real, 14°45'N, 86°00'W, T. Croat & D. Hannon 64117 (CAS, MO).
Central American plants of this species have been treated as Chaetothylax
cuspidatus D, N. Gibson (Gibson 1974) or Justicia danielii L. H. Durkee (Durkee
1999: a new name In Justicia for C. cuspidatus, not J. cuspidata Vahl). Comparison of
Central American collections to those of J. ramulosa from South America (including
an isotype of Beloperone ramulosa Morong) reveals that they are similar in every
way. Indeed, Lindau annotated the type of C. cuspidatus from Guatemala as Belo-
perone ramulosa. South American plants show more variation than was observed
among Central American plants in the following characteristics: density of cauline
pubescence (trichomes nearly absent to sparse to dense vs. dense), bract shape (ovate
to elliptic to obovate vs. obovate), degree of development of aristate bracteal apex
(poorly to well developed vs. well developed), and capsule pubescence (glabrous to
pubescent vs. pubescent). Some South American plants are indistinguishable from
Central American plants in all of these features.
As interpreted here, /. ramulosa exhibits an interesting disjunct and amphi-equa-
torial distribution. At least two other species of Acanthaceae have a similar distribu-
tion pattern, occurring in Mexico and southern South America: Ruellia erythropus
(Nees) Lindau (Ezcurra 1993) and R. coerulea Morong (Daniel 1995b).
Pollen of Croat & Hannon 641/17 is 2-aperturate with apertures flanked on each
side by 2-3 rows of insulae (Fig. 5g—1). It greatly resembles pollen of J. ramulosa from
South America (i.e., Wood 7/16] from Bolivia and Zardini 4585 from Paraguay; Fig.
5h, 1). Capsules and seeds, hitherto unknown for Central American representatives
of J. ramulosa, can be described as follows: capsules 6.5—8 mm long, pubescent with
erect to flexuose to retrorse eglandular trichomes 0.05—0.2 mm long, stipe 2-3 mm
long, head subellipsoid with a shght medial constriction, 4.5-5 mm long; seeds 4,
sublenticular, 1.5-1.9 mm long, 1.4-1.5 mm wide, surfaces and margin covered with
trichomelike papillae (pilae and baculae).
Justicia spicigera Schltdl.
Phenology. Flowering: April; fruiting: unknown.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica; moist thickets; 900 m.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 83
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. OLANCHO: Quebrada Catacamas cerca de la presa en Montana Pena
Blanca, A. Molina R. 8346 (EAP, F, NY).
It is possible that this commonly cultivated species is not native in Honduras
(although it is so treated here). Because of its uses as a bluing agent in laundering
fabric, a blue dye, and a remedy in domestic medicine, it has likely been cultivated
for centuries throughout Mexico and Central America. The limits of its native distri-
butional range are not known with certainty.
Justicia tuxtlensis T. F. Daniel
Phenology. Flowering: April: fruiting: April.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Honduras; moist forests; 200 m.
ATLANTIDA: mountain Nombre de Dios between Saladito and San Francisco, A. Molina R. 20851
(EAP, F, NY).
This species was recently described from the lowland rain forests on the Gulf
slope of southeastern Veracruz in Mexico. Herewith, it is reported from Honduras
for the first time. In spite of the apparent geographic disjunction in the range of J.
tuxtlensis, its occurrence in Honduras is not surprising. The Caribbean lowlands in
Honduras form a discontinuous portion of the moist to wet lowland formations that
extend from southeastern Mexico (i.e., Veracruz) to Panama. The collection noted
above agrees with the description provided by Daniel (2002), except that the bracts
of a pair vary from only slightly heteromorphic to homomorphic (vs. heteromorphic)
and the corollas are noted on the label to be pale yellow (vs. whitish). Pollen of the
sole Honduran collection (Fig. 5f) also concurs with Mexican collections of the spe-
cies (i.e., 3-colporate, 6-pseudocolpate). Additional representative of this species
should be sought in the moist to wet forests between the Los Tuxtlas region of Vera-
cruz and northern Honduras.
Justicia sp. 1
SANTA BARBARA: dry lumbered hillside on hwy San Pedro to Copan at double S curve where it
descends rapidly, 168 m, 17 April 1965 (flr, frt), . Dickson 1450 (US).
I am unable to associate this collection with a known species of Justicia from
northern Latin America. It differs from all other Honduran Justicia by the following
combination of characters: dense, antrorse to antrorsely appressed and + evenly dis-
posed cauline trichomes; crenate leaf margins; short axillary spikes; triangular bracts
1-2 mm long; equally 5-lobed and glandular pubescent calyces; red-orange and glan-
dular pubescent corollas 21-25 mm long; 2-aperturate pollen (Fig. 5d, e) with apertures
flanked by 2 rows of insulae; and glandular pubescent capsules 13.5—16.5 mm long.
Whether it represents an undescribed species or one that has been overlooked in
recent floristic accounts (e.g., the status of several names and species from southern
Mexico has yet to be assessed) remains to be determined. Additional collections from
Honduras that resemble this plant are also highly desirable.
Justicia sp. 2
ATLANTIDA: Campamento Quebrada Grande, ca. 10 km SW of La Ceiba, base of N slope of Pico
Bonito, 15°42'N, 86°51'W, 80-100 m, gravel bar along river, moist evergreen forests, 11 May 1993 (fir, frt),
R. Liesner 26190 (EAP, MO).
84 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
This collection lacks mature flowers and seeds. It can be distinguished from all
other species of Justicia in Honduras by the following combination of characters:
tawny-colored, antrorse to antrorsely appressed trichomes concentrated in (but not
restricted to) two lines; terminal panicles with axillary spikes; heteromorphic bracts
at each spike node with one bract obovate to circular, 3-4 mm wide, and subtending
a |-flowered dichasium and with the other bract subulate, less than 0.5 mm wide,
and sterile; calyces equally 5-lobed, the lobes with hyaline margins; whitish corollas
less than 10 mm long and externally pubescent with eglandular trichomes only; and
capsules 7 mm long, pubescent with eglandular trichomes only. Liesner’s collection
superficially resembles other species with heteromorphic bracts from Mexico and
Central America (Wasshausen & Daniel 1995) and four species from southern Cen-
tral America with axillary and terminal, conspicuously bracteate inflorescences and
relatively small corollas (Daniel & Wasshausen 1990). It differs from all of these in
characters observable on the two specimens studied, however. Additional collections
with mature flowers, pollen, and seeds are needed to fully assess its status.
Lepidagathis alopecuroidea (Vahl) R. Br. ex Griseb.
Phenology. Flowering: January—May; fruiting: January—May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French
Guiana, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil; moist forests, dry forests, dry thickets; 70-1100 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Parque Nacional Pico Bonito, ca. 12 km SW of La Ceiba at
N base of Cordillera Nombre de Dios, ca. 15°42'N, 86°51'W, 7: Daniel & J. Araque 9509 (CAS, EAP).—E
Paraiso: Brenales a lo largo del Rio Guayambre, Valle Jamastran, A. Molina R. 7354 (EAP, F).—Fran-
cisco MoraZzAn: Montana de La Flor, C. Byrne 7 (TEFH).—Gracias a Dios: Quebrada Unawas, 3 km
NE de Krausirpe, 15°03'N, 84°S0'W, P. House 1812 (CAS, MO, TEFH).—OLancuo: ca. 2.5 km above (N)
Catacamas on lower slopes of Sierra de Agalta, ca. 14°53'N, 84°54'W, T. Daniel & G. Pilz 9586 (CAS,
—Yoro: Cordillera Nombre de Dios, ca. 30 km SW of Tela—La Ceiba Hwy between San José de
Texienat and Campo Nuevo, ca. 15°29'N, 87°27'W, TF. Daniel & J. Araque 9492 (CAS, EAP, MO).
Lophostachys zunigae C. Nelson
Perennial of unknown height. Young stems subquadrate, bifariously pubescent
with flexuose to antrorse to appressed eglandular trichomes to 0.4 mm long, soon gla-
brate; leaves petiolate, petioles to 30 mm long, blades ovate-elliptic to elliptic, 80-150
mm long, 26-46 mm wide, 3.1—3.6 times longer than wide, reduced in size distally (e.g.,
to 26 mm long and 5 mm wide and up to 5.2 times longer than wide), acuminate at
apex, attenuate at base, abaxial surface pubescent along major veins with eglandular
trichomes. Inflorescence of terminal + pedunculate dichasiate spikes to 55 mm long
(including peduncle and excluding flowers), rachis evenly pubescent with upward-
pointing eglandular trichomes 0.2—-0.7 mm long, dichasia opposite, sessile; bracts ovate
to lance-ovate, 9-15 mm long, 2.5—3 mm wide, abaxial surface pubescent like rachis or
with trichomes becoming + appressed, margin ciliate with erect to flexuose eglandu-
lar trichomes 0.2-0.8 mm long; bracteoles subulate to lance-subulate, 7.5-12 mm long,
| mm wide, abaxial surface pubescent like bracts; flowers sessile. Calyx drying +
straw-colored (and sometimes + green distally), 21-25 mm long, anterior lobe (next
to bract) obovate, 20-25 mm long, 5.1-7 mm wide, 2-lobed at apex (divided 0.06-0.15
its length) with lobes 0.5—3.3 mm long, lateral lobes lance-subulate, 11-12.5 mm long,
0.9-1 mm wide, posterior lobe obovate, 20.5—-25 mm long, 6.5—7.6 mm wide, entire,
lobes abaxially and marginally pubescent like bracts. Corolla not seen. Stamens not
seen. Style 21 mm long, stigma subcapitate, 0.2 mm long. Capsule 11.2-13 mm long, gla-
brous. Seeds 2.54 mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, covered with appressed trichomes.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 85
Phenology. Flowering: April; fruiting: April-May.
Distribution and habitats. Endemic to Honduras; moist forests, 400-800 m.
ATLANTIDA: Pico Bonito National Park, Pico Bonito, trail between CURLA camp and first river camp,
15°42'N, 86°51'W, 7. Hawkins 937 (EAP, MO).
Lophostachys zunigae is known only from the collection cited above and the
type: Atlantida: Quebrada de Oro, Montafia de Bufalo, 20 km SO de La Ceiba,
bosque humedo tropical, 780-1800 m, 3-6 May 1989, R. Zuniga 453 (holotype:
TEFH!; isotypes: EAP! MO! US!). Although the flowers are noted to be light purple
on the label of Hawkin’s collection at MO and the presence of styles suggest that
corollas were recently on the plant collected, corollas are not present on the two
specimens examined. The label of Hawkins 937 at EAP attributes (erroneously) the
collection to Cusuco National Park in Cortés on 3 May 1993.
This species differs from all other Mexican and Central American species of
Lophostachys (Daniel 1993a) by the following combination of character states: calyx
21-25 mm long, the anterior calyx lobe obovate, apically divided less than one-half
the length of the lobe, the apical segments 0.5-3.3 mm long; bracteoles subulate to
lance-subulate, 7.5—12 mm long; capsules 11.2-13 mm long, glabrous. When corollas
and stamens of this species become known, additional distinguishing character states
should be sought in these structures.
Louteridium donnell-smithii S$. Watson
Phenology. Flowering: January—June; fruiting: February—June.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras; wet forests,
moist forests, commonly on limestone; 300-1540 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Quebrada el Caliche, SE de la Villa Taulabe, = Ruiz 138
Oke TEFH).—CopdAn: Montafia Espiritu Santo, 15°05'N, 88°55'W, 7. Hawkins & D. Mejia 185 (EAP,
—CorteEs: entre Pito Solo y Agua Azul, Lago Yojoa, A. Molina R. 10619 (EAP, F). a BARBARA:
eastern slopes of Cerro Santa Barbara, P Allen et al. 5047 (CAS, EAP, F, GH, US).
Megaskepasma erythrochlamys Lindau
This species, presumably native in northern South America, is probably known
only from cultivation in Honduras; however, not all collections cited below note that
the plants were cultivated.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: San Juan Arriba de Corpus, G. Sandoval AP16 (EAP).—
CoLon: Faust, 4 km N de Sonaguera, N. Pastor 970 (EAP).—EL Paraiso: Santa Cruz, 9 km NO de El
Paraiso, N. Pastor 646 (EAP).—FRAncisco MoRAZAN: vicinity of E] Zamorano, A. Molina R. et al. 34186
(EAP, MO
Mendoncia guatemalensis Standl. & Steyerm.
Phenology. Flowering: December, April-May; fruiting: December, August.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras; wet forests, moist
forests; 60-1100 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CopANn: 3 km S of Dulce Nombre de Copan, L. Williams et al. 42979 (EAP,
F, US).—Corres: entre Agua Azul y Pito Solo, Lago de Yojoa, A. Molina R. 7329 (EAP, F, LL).—OLancuo:
Montafia de Chifiringo, 20 km S de Campamento, C. Soto 225 (MO, TEFH).—Yoro: Camino Real de
San José Texiguat a Campo Nuevo en un lugar llamado Las Letras al oeste del Cerro Cabeza de Negro,
15°28'00"N, 87°26'05" W, R. Aguilar & R. Evans 4071 (CAS, MO).
86 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
This species is reported from Honduras for the first time. The three species of
Mendoncia known from the country can be distinguished by the following key:
1. Corolla entirely red; bracteoles lance-ovate, 34 times longer than wide, apically acuminate-falcate,
abaxial surface pubescent with trichomes 1-5.5 mm long; drupe pubescent with erect to flexuose
eglandular trichomes 0.1-0.8 mm long. M. lindavii
1. Corolla whitish with purplish marking; bracteoles ou ae to ovate, 1.3-2.2 times longer than wide,
apically rounded to retuse-apiculate to acute-apic abaxial surface glabrous or pubescent with
trichomes 0).3-1 (-1.5) mm long; sk glabrous or mealy- ae ndular.
. Bracteoles 1.6-2.2 times longer than wide, rounded to acute-apiculate at apex, abaxial surface
evenly and + densely pubescent with conspicuous, antrorse to antrorsely appressed trichom
0.4—-1 mm long; drupe 18-23 mm long, 11-15 mm in diameter. M. gu ene
2. Bracteoles mostly 1.3-1.6 times longer than wide, retuse-apiculate at apex, abaxial surface gla-
brous or very sparsely pubescent with a few scattered, antrorsely appressed trichomes 0,2-0.3
mm long or puberulent with inconspicuous, erect trichomes 0.05-0.1 mm long; drupe 14-17
mm long, 7.5—-10 mm in diameter.
M. retusa
Mendoncia lindavii Rusby
Phenology. Flowering: April-May; fruiting: April-May.
Distribution and habitats. Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama,
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia; moist forests; 130-200 m.
ATLANTIDA: Parque Nacional Pico Bonito, ca. 12 km SW of La Ceiba at N base of Cordillera Nombre
de Dios, ca. 15°42'N, 86°51'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9510 (CAS, EAP, MO, US); Parque Nacional Pico
Bonito, base of N slope of Pico Bonito, E of new CURLA (Centro Universitario Regional del Litoral
Atlantico) camp building on the Quebrada Grande, ca. 1/3 km above its confluence with the Rio Bonito
W of La Ceiba, 15°42'N, 86°50'W, R. Evans 1630 (CAS, EAP, MO, TEFH).—Cortes: Cienaga
=Agua Azul, fide A. Molina R., pers. comm. 2001] Lake Yojoa, R. Howard et al. 681 (GH, US).
Ts
section
All known Honduran collections of this species, which is newly reported for the
country, are cited above. Mendoncia lindavii (Central and South America) superfi-
cially resembles M. hoffmannseggiana Nees (South America). The two species appear
to be distinguishable by the pubescence of the bracteoles and peduncles, which is
spreading-villose in M. lindavii and appressed-strigose in M. hoffmannseggiana.
Mendoncia retusa Turrill
Phenology. Flowering: August-December; fruiting: November—March.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama; moist forests; sea level to 1010 m.
Dp
SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley near Tela, P. Standley 53656 (F, US)—Cor-
TEs: quebrada near Agua Azul, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 11330 (EAP, F).—Gracias A Dios: Las Marias
Rio Platano, R. Tinoco et al. 154 (TEFH).
Nelsonia canescens (Lam.) Spreng.
Phenology. Flowering: January; fruiting: March.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica,
Panama, West Indies, Colombia, French Guiana, Brazil, Old World; habitat unknown;
1200 m.
pee TATIVE SPECIMEN. aisaaie ees ada Los Naranjos, San Juan, Magdalena, J. Martinez 359
MO, TEFH).—O re Antigua Ocotepeque y Nueva Ocotepeque, C. Nelson et al.
1534 (TEFH).
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 87
Odontonema albiflorum Leonard
Phenology. Flowering: May; fruiting: May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras; habitats and
elevation unknown.
CopAn: Hac. El Limon to El Paraiso, S. Blake 7353 (US).
This species was documented from Honduras by Leonard (1936) and is apparently
known from there only by Blake’s collection made in 1919. Blake noted on the speci-
men label that the corollas were white with maroon-purple spots on the limb. The
Honduran species of Odontonema can be identified with the following key:
iG Se
2. Bea sessile, at least some (usually most) whorled at inflorescence nodes; rachis near]
glabrous or pubescent with appressed eglandular trichomes in lines. O. tubaeforme
2. Dichasia subsessile to pedunculate, at least some (usually most) clearly pedunculate in each
inflorescence, opposite at inflorescence nodes; rachis evenly pubescent with erect eglandular
trichomes. O. cuspidatum
1. Corolla yellow or white with purplish markings on limb.
3. Inflorescence of dense, unbranched (rarely branched at base), dichasiate spikes or racemes;
dichasia mostly whorled at inflorescence nodes; corolla white with purplish markings on limb
externally glabrous. O. albiflorum
3. Inflorescence of open panicles of dichasiate racemes; dichasia opposite at inflorescence nodes;
corolla yellow, externally pubescent with glandular and eglandular trichomes. O. hondurense
Odontonema cuspidatum (Nees) Kuntze
Phenology. Flowering: January, June, September; fruiting: January.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Honduras, West Indies; moist forests, moist
thickets; 200-1300 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CopAN: near Santa Rita village, A. Molina R. et al. 33659 (EAP,
MO).—Cortes: along road between Villa Nueva and Pimienta, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34434 (EAP, F,
MO).—FRrancisco MorAZAN: Quebrada Seca, vicinity of Cerro de Hule, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34234
(EAP, MO).
Odontonema cuspidatum was previously known from native populations only
in Mexico and the West Indies (Daniel 1995c). Standley (1931) and Yuncker (1940)
applied this name to plants of O. tubaeforme from Atlantida. The species is sometimes
cultivated in other tropical regions, including Honduras. Collections from cultivated
plants have been made in the departments of Cortés and Francisco Morazan. None of
the collections noted above indicate that the plants were cultivated, and they all appear
to represent either native or naturalized populations of the species in Honduras.
These plants all have the rachis evenly pubescent with short, erect, and eglandular
trichomes; the lower dichasia usually pedunculate; and the corolla red with the throat
shorter and narrower than in O. tubaeforme.
Gibson (1974) included Odontonema cuspidatum and O. tubaeforme, both red-
flowered species, as conspecific with the purple-flowered O. callistachyum (Schltdl.
& Cham.) Kuntze, and treated this latter species as occurring in Honduras. Daniel
(1995c) recognized all three species and indicated that O. callistachyum was known
from native populations only in Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala. Both O. cuspidatum
and O. tubaeforme are herein treated as native to Honduras, although the former spe-
cies may be represented in the country only by cultivated and naturalized plants.
88 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Odontonema hondurense (Lindau) D. N. Gibson
Phenology. Flowering: October—July; fruiting: October—May.
Distribution and habitats. Belize, Guatemala, Honduras; wet forests, moist forests,
along streams; 30-830 (—1680) m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley, ca. 3 km up Rio Lancetilla from Lance-
tilla Botanical Garden, ca. 15°44'N, 87°27'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9485 (CAS, EAP, MO, US).—COo Lon:
mountain ese S of Tr sane Jd Saunders 236 (NY ).—Copran: Montafia Espiritu Santo, trail between San
Joaquin and Quebrada Grande in Parque Nacional de Cerro Azul, 10.5 km NE of Florida, 7) Hawkins 18]
(EAP, ser ni Cuyamel, M. Carleton 457 (US).—Gracias A Dios: alrededores del Rio Platano,
dentro de 10 km de la costa Atlantica, 15°30-55'N, 84°40°-85°00'W, A. Clewell & G. Cruz 4209 (EAP.
MO).—OLANCHO: cerca Rio Paulaya, 30 km NNE de Culmi, R. Keyser 1325 (TEFH).—Yoro: along road
from San José de Texiguat to Campo Nuevo in Cordillera Nombre de Dios, ca. 24 km SW of Tela—La Ceiba
hwy (#13), ca. 15°31'N, 87°26'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9500 (CAS, EAP, MO, US)
The type of the basionym Diateinacanthus hondurensis Lindau is from Honduras:
Atlantida: along trail near Bolet’s Plantation, Puerto Sierra (=Tela, fide A. Molina R.,
pers. comm. ate 20 Jan ue P. Wilson 129 (holotype: NY, photo! at http://www.
nybg.or hcol/vasc/A html). As interpreted here, this species shows
pons deribiy: more variation in pubescence than was suggested by Daniel (1995c).
For example, the inflorescence rachises vary from virtually glabrous (e.g., Clewell &
Cruz 4209) to inconspicuously puberulent (e.g., Liesner 26409, CAS) to conspicu-
ously pubescent (e.g., Hawkins 181). Hawkins 18] is also unusual in its exceptionally
long (to 27 mm long) corollas and its occurrence at 1680 m elevation. Odontonema
hondurense can be distinguished from other species of Odontonema in Honduras by
its Pan corollas, which are externally pubescent. Pollen (Fig. 2d, e) of this species
is 3-colporate and 6-pseudocolpate, as in most of its Mesoamerican congeners.
Odontonema tubaeforme (Bertol.) Kuntze
Phenology. Flowering: throughout the year; fruiting: December—August.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama; wet forests, moist forests, dry forests, moist thickets,
cafetales, along streams; 20-1600 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: base of N slope of Pico Bonito, E of new CURLA camp on
Quebrada Grande, ca. 10 km SW of La Ceiba, 15°42'N, 86°51'W, Rk. Evans 1589 (EAP). eet On: Trujillo,
edge of Rio Negro, A. Clewell et al. 4315 (EAP, MO).—Comayacua: Rio Frio, ca. 2 km NE de La Libertad
14°46'N, 87°35'W, J. Linares et al. 2322 (EAP).—CopaAn: ca. 1.5 km W of Santa Rita on road es m Copan,
J. Poole & W. Watson 948 (LL).—Cort Es: ca. 3 km beyond Cofradia toward Cusuco National Park, ca.
15°25'N, 88° 10'W, 7) Daniel & J. Araque 9622 (CAS, EAP, K, MO, US).—EL Paraiso: Montana Apauhis,
cerca de Danlt, A. Molina R. 7444 (EAP).—Gracias A Dios: orilla del Rio Mocor6n, aldea de Mocor6n, C.
Nelson & E. Vargas 5094 (CAS, MO).—IntiIBucA: Quebrada de Pelon de Guise, A. Molina R. 6407 (EAP. F,
-—Lempira: Parque Nacional de Cel eee ave trail from visitor center to Las Minas, ca. 14°33-34'N,
88°38-40'W, T) Daniel & J. Araque 9886 (CAS, EAP)—OLANcHo: ca. 2.5 km above (N) Catacamas on
lower slopes of Sierra de Agalta, ca. 14°53'N, a 54) W, 7) Daniel & CG Pil 9588 we EAP, MO).—SANTA
BARBARA: ca. 9 km SW of Pena Blanca, in wash near Los Laureles and along road to 2 km beyond toward
El Higuer6n, ca. 14°56'N, 88°04'W, 7) Daniel & J. Araque 9613 (CAS, EAP).—Yoro: Rio Guaimas (Guay-
man) on hwy between Progresso and Tela, 15°30'N, 87°40'W, G. Davidse et al. 34384 (EAP).
Unlike plants in El Salvador, which tend to confound O. tubaeforme and O. glaber-
rimum (M. E. Jones) V.M. Baum (Daniel 2001), those from Honduras generally share
the distinctions seen in Mexican plants of O. tubaeforme noted by Daniel (1995c):
whorled and sessile dichasia, rachis nearly glabrous or pubescent with appressed eglan-
dular trichomes in lines, corolla red and shaped like those of the Mexican ones.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 89
Pachystachys lutea Nees
This native of Peru is known only from cultivation in Honduras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CoMAYAGUA: La Libertad, Z. Caballero 138 (TEFH).—CopAn: Copan
Ruinas, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34304 (EAP).—EL Paraiso: Las Dificultades, 10 km § de El Paraiso,
N. Pastor 855 (EAP).—Francisco MorazAn: El Zamorano, Escuela Agricola Panamericana, A. Molina
R. 27202 (EAP, F).
Poikilacanthus macranthus Lindau
Phenology. Flowering: April-May; fruiting: April-May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica,
Panama; cloud forests, moist forests, along streams; (600—) 1400-2200 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Cortes: Sierra de Merend6on, Montafia del Carmen, 7. Pérez E. s.
(EAP).—EL Paraiso: Planes de Cifuentes, 80 km E de Danli, C. Nelson & R. Andino 10309 (TEFH). —
Gracias A Dios: alrededores del Rio Platano, ca. 25 km de la costa, W de Buena Vista, 15°40'N, 85°00'W,
A. Clewell & G Cc 4206 (EAP, MO).—O_ancno: Agalta Natl. Park, trail between La Chorrera campsite
and La Picucha s t, W. D’Arcy 18064 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Santa BARBARA: eastern slopes of Cerro
Santa Barbara, P Vis etal. 6058 (EAP, F).
Variation in pubescence among collections of this species was noted by Daniel
(1991a). The more conspicuously pubescent form of the species, formerly treated as
P. setiferus Standl. & Steyerm., is represented by Pérez E. s.n. from Cortés. The lower
elevation limit is an estimate based on locality data from Clewell & Cruz 4206 and
topographic maps of the region.
Pseuderanthemum alatum (Nees) Radlk.
Phenology. Flowering: September; fruiting: unknown.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua; moist for-
ests; 600 m.
EPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. OLANCHO: orillas Quebrada El Ocote, 14 km NE de Juticalpa, G. Adolfo
Torres 48 (MO, TEFH).
Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (Seem.) Guillaumin
This species, purportedly native to Polynesia, is probably known only from culti-
vation in Honduras (although not noted as such on specimen labels).
ATLANTIDA: La Union, pe D. Velasquez D. 121 (NY, TEFH).—Corrés: Aldea Tulian, 5 km W de
Puerto Cortés, §. Mufioz 125 (TEFH).—EL Paraiso: Aldea El Chichicaste, J. Sénchez Ch. 126 (TEFH).—
FRANCISCO MORAZAN: Nueva eee O. Méndez 123 (TEFH).—VaL.Le: Amapala, J. Valerio R. 3351
(EAP, F, RSA).—Yoro: 2 km N de Progreso, R. Guevara 14] agape
Pseuderanthemum cuspidatum (Nees) Radlk.
Phenology. Flowering: May, August-December (chasmogamous), September-—
March (cleistogamous); fruiting: September-December
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica,
Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador; cloud forests, moist thickets, along streams; 500-1600 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: El] Resumidero, 4 km W de La Laguna, B. Holst 1351
(EAP).—Cortes: Montafia de La Nieve, 20 km S de San Antonio de Cortés, C. Nelson et al. 7902 (CAS,
MEXU, MO).—EL Paraiso: Mpio. El Paraiso, camino de El Paraiso a Las Dificultades, /. Linares et al.
4022 (EAP, MEXU).—Lempira: faldas de Montafia Puca entre Guatan y Cudbanos, A. Molina R. 12944
(EAP).—OLANcHo: Rio Wampu, NE de Culmi, C. Nelson & A. Clewell 04 (EAP, MO).—Yoro: ce Pijol
Valley, 6-7 km S of Nueva Esperanza, 15°12'N, 87°35'W, R. Liesner 26599 (CAS, EAP, MO, TEF
90) CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Plants with only budlike, cleistogamous flowers, plants with chasmogamous flow-
ers (e.g., corollas to 30 mm long), and plants with flowers intermediate between these
extremes (e.g., corollas ca. 10 mm long) are evident among Honduran representatives
of this species. Cleistogamous-flowered individuals of Pseuderanthemum have been
treated as various species of Buceragenia Greenm. (Daniel 1995a).
Pseuderanthemum liesneri T. F. Daniel, sp. nov.—T ype: Honpuras. Atlantida: Cam-
pamento Quebrada Grande, ca. 10 km SW of La Ceiba, base of N slope of
Pico Bonito, from camp to 2 km S of camp, Rio Bonito, 15°42'N, 86°51'W,
80-140 m, edge of forest next to cacao plantation, 14 May 1993, Rk. Liesner
26343 (holotype: CAS!; isotypes: EAP, MEXU! MO! TEFH). Fig, 8.
Frutices usque ad 1.5 m alti. Folia brevi-petiolata, laminae subcoriaceae, ellip-
ticae. Flores in paniculam racemoideam terminalem dispositi, rhachides puberulae
trichomatibus eglandulosis, minus quam 0.05 mm longis; dichasia opposita, sessilia
vel subsessilia, uniflora, solitaria axilla. Flores pedicellati. Calyx 1.3-1.5 mm longus.
Corolla lavandula, 9-11.5 mm longa, extus puberula trichomatibus glandulosis et
eglandulosis.
Shrubs to 1.5 m. Young stems + evenly and minutely puberulent with erect eglan-
dular trichomes less than 0.05 mm long. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 12 mm long,
blades subcoriaceous, elliptic, 99-205 mm long, 33-73 mm wide, 2.6—3.7 times longer
than wide, subacuminate to acuminate at apex, rounded to acute at base, surfaces
appearing + glabrous but with at least midvein minutely puberulent, margin entire to
subsinuate, midvein canaliculate on adaxial surface. Inflorescence a terminal panicle
of racemes, rachises minutely puberulent; dichasia opposite, sessile to subsessile (1.e.,
borne on peduncles to 0.2 mm long), 1-flowered, | per axil. Bracts triangular-subu-
late to subulate, 0.9-1.5 mm long, abaxial surface pubescent with erect to antrorse
eglandular trichomes to 0.05 mm long. Bracteoles triangular to subulate, 0.5—1.1 mm
long, abaxial surface pubescent like bracts. Flowers pedicellate, pedicels 1.5—2.2 mm
long. Calyx 5-lobed, 1.3-1.5 mm long, lobes 0.8—1 mm long, abaxially puberulent like
bracts. Corolla lavender, 9-11.5 mm long, externally puberulent with erect glandular
and eglandular trichomes to 0.05 mm long, tube 5—6 mm long, sometimes + expanded
distally for 1-2 mm into a throat, limb 7-9 mm in diameter, upper lip 3.5-4.5 mm long,
lobes 3.2-3.6 mm long, 2—2.2 mm wide, lower lip 4-5.5 mm long, lobes 3.9-4.2 mm
long, 2.5-3 mm wide. Stamens exserted, 4.5—5.2 mm long, thecae 0.8—1.2 mm long,
subequally inserted, subequal in size; pollen oblate-spheroidal to subprolate, 3-col-
porate, 6-pseudocolpate; staminodes 0.3-0.5 mm long, sometimes with rudimentary
thecae. Style 2-3 mm long, sparsely pubescent proximally, stigma subcapitate, 2-lobed,
less than 0.1 mm long. Ovary pubescent with antrorse eglandular trichomes. Capsule
and seeds not seen.
Phenology. Flowering: May, November; fruiting: unknown.
Distribution and habitats. Endemic to northern Honduras (Atlantida); moist
forests; 100-300 m.
PARATYPE. ATLANTIDA: Jilamito Viejo, 4.5 km S$ of Jilamito Nuevo, 15°30'N, 87°34'W, P. Maas et al.
&497 (MO).
There is neither a worldwide account of Pseuderanthemum nor a treatment of
the North American, Central American, or South American species. Pseuderanthe-
mum liesneri does not conform to Colombian species treated by Leonard (1958) and
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE OT
IG. 8. Pseuderanthemum liesneri (Liesner 26343). a. Branch with inflorescences, x0.45. b. Inflores-
cence node with flower (left) and calyx + gynoecium after dehiscence of corolla (right), x5.5. c. Apex of
stamen with anther, x23. Drawn by Jennifer Kane.
differs from all other Mexican and Central American species of the genus by its small
calyces (1.3-1.5 vs. 1.5-12 mm long) and chasmogamous corollas (9-11.5 vs. 15-45
mm long). Among Mesoamerican species, it superficially resembles P. verazpazense,
which also occurs in Honduras (see below), but can be distinguished from that spe-
cies by the following couplet:
Herbs to 6 dm tall; young stems with at least some internodes bifariously pubescent with flexuose
to recurved trichomes 0.1-0.8 mm long; calyx 2.54 mm long, abaxially pubescent with glandular
and eglandular trichomes; corolla (16—) 18-35 mm long; stamens included in corolla tube; style
13-20 mm long. P. verapazense
Shrubs to 1.5 m tall; young stems + evenly puberulent with erect trichomes less than 0.05 mm long;
calyx 1.3-1.5 mm long, abaxially pubescent with eglandular trichomes only; corolla 9-11.5 mm
long; stamens exserted from mouth of corolla; style 2.6—3 mm long. P. liesneri
The androecial and gynoecial distinctions noted above may reflect different floral
forms of heterostylous species. Heterostyly has been noted among various species of
Pseuderanthemum (Daniel 1995b), but it has not been reported in P. verapazense. If P.
liesneri is heterostylous, then the two known collections represent the “thrum” form.
Cleistogamous flowers, which are also frequent among species of Pseuderanthemum
(Daniel 1995a), were not observed on the collections of P. liesneri. Pollen of P. liesneri
(Fig. 2h, 1) resembles that reported for other Mexican and Central American species
(Daniel 1998).
a2 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Pseuderanthemum praecox (Benth.) Leonard
Phenology. Flowering: November, February—May; fruiting: March—May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica; cloud forests, evergreen montane forests, pine-oak forests, pine forests,
meadows and along streams, secondary shrubby vegetation; 1050-2430 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Barranco de Trincheras [ca. 20 km N of Siguatepeque],
L. Williams & A. Molina R. 12530 (EAP).—FRANcIsco MorAZAN: near Hoya Grande, L. Williams & A.
Molina : 10996 (EAP).—Intipuca: Banos Las Piletas, La Esperanza, A. Molina R. 6211 (EAP).—La
Paz: Montana Verde on Cordillera id ea Molina R. & A. Molina 24359 (EAP, F, NY).—Lempira:
Parque Nacional de eee ca. 7 km W of Gracias, summit trail, 14°33-34'N, 88°38-40'W, T) Daniel & J.
Araque 986] (BR, CAS, EAP, K, ve MICH, TEFH, US).—OcorepraueE: Reserva Bioldgica Guisayote,
SE slope of Geno en along trail ca. 100 m N of Santa Rosa de Copan—Nueva Ocotepeque hwy, ca. 13
km E of Nueva Ocotepeque, 14°28'N, 89°05'W, 2010 m, R. Evans 1547 (EAP, MO
Daniel (1995b) tentatively recognized both Pseuderanthemum fasciculatum
(Oerst.) Leonard and P. praecox in Chiapas, Mexico. Salvadoran plants were treate
as P. fasciculatum (Daniel 2001). Examination of Honduran collections referable to
these taxa reveals that plants conforming to P. praecox differ from those conform-
ing to P. fasciculatum only by lacking leaves. All Honduran (and Salvadoran) plants
are here considered to belong to a single species, P. praecox, until such time as the
taxonomy of this genus has been fully studied and resolved. Honduran plants of P
praecox differ from those of P. cuspidatum by their generally longer and glandular
calyx.
Pseuderanthemum verapazense Donn. Sm.
Phenology. Flowering (cleistogamous) April; fruiting: April.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras; riverine forests;
265-360 m
SANTA BARBARA: Los Dragos, on Rio Chamelec6n SW of Quimistan, P. Standley & H. Lindelie 7364
(EAP, F)
The sole collection representing the occurrence of this species in Honduras lacks
chasmogamous flowers, but otherwise resembles specimens of this species occurring
to the west of Honduras (described in Daniel 1995b). This represents the first report
of P. verapazense in Honduras.
Ruellia coerulea Morong
Phenology. Flowering: May; fruiting: unknown.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico (presumably native), Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay,
Uruguay, Argentina and widely cultivated/naturalized in the Western Hemisphere;
moist forests; sea level to 700 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: El Naranjo, Las Mangas, M. Rk. M. 29 (TEFH).—ISLAS DE LA
Banta: Roatan, Flowers Bay, C. Nelson 2067 (TEFH).—Santa BARBARA: Lago de Yojoa, W shore near El
Rincon, S. Blackmore & M. Chorley 3695 (MO).
The Honduran collections of R. coerulea represent cultivated (e.g., Nelson 2067)
and possibly naturalized plants. Daniel (1995b) discussed the taxonomy and distribu-
tion of this species, which has often been treated as R. brittoniana Leonard.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 93
Ruellia fulgida Andr.
Phenology. Flowering: January—May; fruiting: May.
Distribution and habitats. Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela,
West Indies; moist forests and thickets, cafetales; 600-900 m.
OLANCHO: Catacamas, Montafias de Murmuyo, Sierra de Agalto, 8. Blackmore & G. Heath 1944
(MO); ca. 2.5 km above (N) Catacamas on lower slopes of Sierra de Agalta, ca. 14°S3'N, 84°54'W, T: Daniel
& G. Pilz 9587 (CAS, EAP); Quebrada Catacamas cerca de la presa en Montafia Pefia Blanca, 900 m, 28
April 1957, A. Molina R. 8343 (lectotype of R. molinae D. N. Gibson, here designated: F', isolectotype:
EAP!); faldas del Cerro El Boqueroén, 20 km NE de Juticalpa, J. Segovia 178 (MO, TEFH); trail between
Catacamas and La Presa, N of Catacamas, P. Standley 18675 (EAP).—Yoro: near Puente Grande, on a
tributary of the Rio Agua (Rio Puente Grande), S. Blackmore & M. Chorley 4061 (MO).
All of the Honduran specimens studied are cited above. In the protologue of
Ruellia molinae, Gibson (1973) indicated that the type was Molina 8343 at F and EAP.
Because she annotated the specimen at F as the holotype in 1972, it is designated
as the lectotype of the species. Gibson (1973) compared R. molinae to R. pereducta
Standl. ex Lundell, to which it appears closely related; however, R. molinae 1s indistin-
guishable from R. fulgida, and the name R. molinae is here included in the synonymy
of that species. This pair of superficially similar species, R. pereducta and R. fulgida, can
be distinguished in Honduras by the characters in the following couplet:
Axillary dichasia with flowers crowded into a headlike cluster at distal end of peduncle (when sec-
ondary peduncles rarely present, these arising from a headlike cluster and terminating in another
headlike cluster); peduncles, abaxial surface of calyx lobes, ae capsules conspicuously (and often
+ densely) pubescent; corolla red; Honduras to South America. R. fulgida
Axillary dichasia conspicuously eee Waiclau One Gc e., souu nel secondary peduncles
present and flowers not crowded into headlil abaxial surface of calyx lobes,
and capsules glabrous or with ees ee inconspicuous trichomes: corolla pink or pinkish purple;
Mexico, Guatemala, Belize. R. pereducta
Whether these differences are better reflective of distinctions at the specific level
(as treated here) or infraspecific variation that is largely correlated with geographic
distribution remains a matter of conjecture at present.
Ruellia geminiflora H. B. K.
Phenology. Flowering: March—July, October; fruiting: March-December.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam,
French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina; oak forests,
pine forests, savannas, wet pastures, brushy slopes, along streams, disturbed areas;
350-1100 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Siguatepeque, J. Valerio R. 2654 (EAP, F).—CopAn: ca. 18
km NE of Copan on road to San Pedro Sula, J. Poole & W. Watson 994 (LL).—Corres: Rio Armentas,
C. Thieme 5396 (CAS, US).—EL Paraiso: below Guayabillas, near Quebrada Jagua a, A. Molina R. 652
(EAP).—Francisco Morazan: grounds of Escuela Agricola Panamericana in El Zamorano, ca. 14°01'N,
87°01'W, T. Daniel 9466 (CAS, EAP).—Lempira: Celaque National Park, ca. 7 km W of Gracias, ca. 14°34'N,
88°38'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9625 (CAS, EAP).—OLANCcHo: road to Las Lomas, NE of Catacamas, P.
Standley 18473 (EAP).—Yoro: ca. 5 km SE of Nueva Esperanza, ca. 15°16'N, 87°34'W, T. Daniel & J.
Araque 9519 (CAS, EAP, MO, US).
Nelson (1986) ascribed numerous medicinal attributes to this species, including
use as an emetic and as a remedy for pneumonia, dysentery, jaundice, and intestinal
obstructions.
94 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Ruellia harveyana Stapf
Phenology. Flowering: April; fruiting: May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras; wet forests;
elevation unknown.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CoLOn: path to Rio Negro Dam, 1.5 mi SE Trujillo, J. Saunders 208
(NY).—Gracias a Dios: Rio Platano, A. Clewell 4206 (TEFH).
Ruellia hookeriana (Nees) Hemsl.
Phenology: Flowering and fruiting throughout the year.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nica-
ragua; pine forests, pine-oak forests, thickets, along streams, pastures; 360-1600 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: Mpio. San Marcos de Colon, El Aguacate, ca. 3 mi S of San
Francisco, 13°21'N, 86°54'W, G. Davidse et al. 35070 (EAP, MO).—Comayacua: Valle Comayagua, entre Las
Mercedes y Villa de Flores, A. Molina R. 14372 (EAP).—Copan: Yaragua Creek, 1 mi W of Copan Ruinas,
A. Molina R. & A. Molina 30866 (EAP, F, MO).—Correés: San Pedro Sula, T. Pérez E. s.n. (EAP).—EL
Paraiso: 15 km N of Yuscaran, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 18218 (EAP, F).—FRrancisco MorRAZAN: near
El Jicarito, toward Pedregal, P. Standley 20856 (EAP, F).—Int1BucA: Quebrada Santiago, ca. 24.5 km SW
of Siguatepeque toward Jestis de Otoro near SW base of Sierra de Montecillos, ca. 14°31'N, 87°59'W, T.
Daniel & J. Araque 9642c (CAS, K, EAP, MO, US).—Ocorerrque: Quebrada Tinasa, between Sinuapa and
La Providencia, A. Molina R. 22391 (EAP, F).—OLancuo: Mpio. La Uni6n, ca. 10 mi E of La Union on
road to Olanchito, ca. 15°03'N, 86°35'W, G. Davidse et al. 35070 (EAP).—SANTA BARBARA: Los Dragos, on
Rio Chamelecon, SW of Quimistan, P Standley & H. Lindelie 7419 (EAP, F).—Yoro: Aguan River valley,
vicinity of Coyoles, above village of Los Flores, 7: Yuncker et al. 8143 (F, MO, NY).
Considerable variation is evident in vegetative pubescence of this species.
Densely pubescent plants from Honduras have been treated as a distinct species, R.
williamsii Leonard [type: Francisco Morazan: drainage of the Rio Yeguare, ca. 14°N
and 87°W, near Las Mesas, 900 m, barranco in pine-oak forest, 11 July 1948, L. Wil-
liams 14187 (holotype: US!)]. Leonard (1950) noted that R. williamsii is very closely
related to R. hookeriana and that additional studies might show it to be merely a
form of that species. He distinguished R. williamsii on the basis of its densely pilose
younger stems, smaller (up to 4 cm long and 2 cm wide vs. mostly 5-6 cm long and
3 cm wide) leaf blades, and somewhat longer (15 mm long vs. ca. 10 mm long) calyx
segments. All of the measurements noted by Leonard for the putative distinctions are
encompassed by specimens of R. hookeriana from Chiapas, Mexico (Daniel 1995b).
Thus, &. williamsii is herewith included in the synonymy of R. hookeriana. Davidse et
al. 35478 from Olancho differs from other individuals of R. hookeriana by its linear-
oblanceolate (vs. subulate) calyx lobes.
Ruellia inundata H. B. K.
Phenology. Flowering: November—May:; fruiting: November—May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, E] Salvador, Honduras, Nicara-
gua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil: moist thickets, dry thickets, dry
forests, thornscrub, along streams, disturbed areas; 110-1400 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: vicinity of San Marcos de Col6n, P Standley 15789 (EAP,
F).—Comayacua: Mpio. Villa de San Antonio, entre Villa de San Antonio y Ciudad de La Paz, ca. 3 km
NE de Villa de San Antonio, 14°21'N, 87°37'W, J. Linares et al. 2305 (EAP).—Corres: Manacal Ranch, J.
Dickson 1148 (US).—EL Paraiso: Rio Choluteca near Ojo de Agua, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 12727
(EAP).—Francisco Morazan: Rio Yeguare near San Francisco, ca. 5 km S$ of El] Zamorano, ca. 13°58'N,
86°59'W, T: Daniel & J. Araque 9443 (CAS, EAP. K, MO, US).—IntipucdA: Quebrada Santiago near SW
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 95
base of Sierra de Montecillos, ca. 24.5 km SW of Siguatepeque toward Jestis de Otoro, ca. 14°31'N, 87°59'W,
T. Daniel & J. Araque 9642b (CAS, EAP).—La Paz: between Sadagua River and Llano San Antonio, A.
Molina R. 24127 (EAP, F).—OcorepeQue: entre Antigua Ocotepeque and Nueva Ocotepeque, C. Nelson
et al. 1498 (EAP).—OLancuo: between Juticalpa and La une eat P. Standley 17926 (EAP, F).—Santa
BArsara: along river ca. 1 km E of Santa Barbara, ca. 14°55'N, 88°14'W, 7. Daniel & J. Araque 9621 (CAS,
EAP, MO, US).—VAL_LE: vicinity of Amapala, Isla Tigre, P Lae 20733 (NY, US).—Yoro: between
Olanchito and Yoro, ca. 5 km E of Arenal, ca. 15°23'N, 86°51'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9516 (CAS, EAP).
Variation in color of the corollas has been noted elsewhere for this species (Dan-
iel 1995b). In Honduras, most plants have pink corollas, but both lavender and white
corollas have been noted on herbarium labels.
-Ruellia malacosperma Greenm
Phenology. Flowering: September-November, May—June; fruiting: Septem-
ber—November, June.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, cultivated and/or naturalized in other regions;
moist thickets, dry forests; 10-950 m
EPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Vicinity of aaa (cultivated), P Standley & J.
ee P. 6641 (F).—Cortets: between Villa Nueva and Pimienta toward San Pedro Sula, A. Molina R. &
A. Molina 34428 (EAP, F, MO).—Francisco MoraZAn: Colonia Las ee Tegucigalpa, A. Molina R.
ee (EAP).—Vatte: Amapala, J. Valerio R. 3362 (EAP, F, UC).
This species is commonly cultivated in warm regions, including Honduras. On the
label of Molina R. 33853, from a ravine in Tegucigalpa, it is noted that the plants had
probably escaped from cultivation. It remains to be determined whether the species
is native or naturalized in Honduras, but the latter status seems more likely, and it
is so treated here. The taxonomic status (e.g., whether it is distinct from R. coerulea)
and origins (e.g., whether it is a hybrid) of this species have been widely speculated
upon (e.g., Turner 1991; Daniel 1995b).
Ruellia matagalpae Lindau
Phenology. Flowering: January—May; fruiting: January—May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua;
moist forests, oak forests, second growth along rivers; 100-750 m.
REP ee en ENS. Co} : quebrada El Caliche, vicinity of Taulabé, A. Molina R. & A.
Molina 31668 (EA QO). Desa SW of Lake Yojoa near Punta Gorda, P. Allen 6470 (EAP, F, GH,
US).—ISLAS DE LA ae - Roatdn, camino de French Harbour a Six Huts, A. Oviedo 129 (F).—OLANCHO:
lower slopes of Sierra de Agalta, 3-5 km above (N) of Catacamas, ca. 14°53'N N, 85°54'W, T. Daniel & G.
Pilz 9599 (CAS, EAP, oe BARBARA: Punta Gorda, Lago Yojoa, 14°53'N, 88°00'W, R. Evans 1025
(EAP, MO
Ruellia metallica Leonard
Phenology. Flowering: April; fruiting: January, April.
Distribution and habitats. Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica,
Panama; moist forests; 50-120 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Valley, ca. 3 km up Rio Lancetilla shay Lancetilla
Botanical Garden, ca. 15°44'N, 87°27'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9482 (CAS, EAP, K, MICH, MO, US).—
Gracias A Dios: Cerro de Colén, 1 km S de Krausirpe, 15°03'N, 84°50'W, P. House 1856 ere
This is the first report of this species from Honduras.
96 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Ruellia nudiflora (Engelm. & A. Gray) Urb.
Phenology. Flowering: November, March, June-August; fruiting: November-—
August.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies; deciduous forests, thickets, disturbed areas; 60-830 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CoMayaGua: | km a Comayagua, A. Molina R. 14264 (EAP).—CopaAn:
between Acropolis and Jaguar Temple of Copan Ruinas, A. Molina R. 26250 (EAP, F, MO, NY, US).—Cor-
Tes: San Pedro Sula, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34332 (EAP).—Francisco MoRAZAN: finca in Agua Blanca,
ca. 5 km SW of Talanga, ca. 14°24'N, 87°07'W, T. Daniel & G. Pilz 9605 (CAS, EAP, MO, US).—OLANCHO:
waste ground in Catacamas, 7. Daniel & G. Pilz 9589 (CAS, EAP, MO).—Yoro: Mpio. Olanchito, 20 mi W
of Olanchito on road to Yoro, 15°27'N, 86°43'W, G. Davidse et al. 35520 (CAS, EAP.M MO).
Among Honduran collections, this name has often been applied to plants treated
here as Ruellia puberula (see below).
Ruellia paniculata L.
Phenology. Flowering: February—April; fruiting: February—April.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua,
Costa Rica, Panama, West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil; moist lake shores,
thickets; 8-640 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: 14 km SO Choluteca, E. Repulski 643 (EAP).—Comayacua:
El Banco, J. Valerio R. 2375 (EAP, F).—Conrres: Rio Lindo to Potrerillos, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 17861
(EAP, F, US).
Ruellia puberula (Leonard) Tharp & F. A. Barkley
Phenology. Flowering: April—October; fruiting: throughout the year.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras; moist
forests, moist thickets, dry thickets, arid scrub, disturbed areas; 500-1800 m.
EPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Valle Comayagua entre Las Mercedes and Villa de Flores,
A, ie R. 14358 (EAP).—CopAn: La Florida to Hac. Esperitu Santo, S. inte 7401 (US).—CortEs:
Lago de Yojoa, Isla de Venado, M. Garcia 86 (NY).—EL Paraiso: alrededores de El El Rodeo, ca. 10 km S
de Yuscaran, J. Linares & R. Metsger 1671 (EAP).—FRANCISCO MORAZAN: a (ene terrenos de los
indios Xicaques de la Montafia de La Flor, A. Molina R. 3027 7 (EAP, F).—Intipucd: above Rio Otofo, F
Barkley & J. Hernandez R. 40416 (GH).—La Paz: vicinity of La Paz, P. Standle py 2499] (EAP).—OLANCHO:
Rancho Quemado, W. Gillis 9602 (US).
Ruellia puberula was treated as a variety of R. nudiflora by Leonard (1927), and
most Honduran collections of it have been identified as the latter species. Honduran
collections of R. puberula differ from those of R. nudiflora by the characters in the
following couplet:
Plants ae pie hase or procumbent; leaves mostly 13-45 mm long and 5-20 mm wide; inflorescence of
ng-pedunculate, eglandular dichasia from leaf axils above the base of the plant, a terminal glan-
ae inflorescence absent; corolla externally pubescent with eglandular trichomes (or if glandular
trichomes present, then these few and inconspicuous): capsules varying from entirely pubescent
with eglandular trichomes (sometimes with glands at the apex) to pubescent only in the distal
half and mostly lacking eee glands. R. puberula
Plants erect; leaves mostly 35-125 mm long and 17-45 mm wide: inflorescence of 1) basal, long-
edunculate, and eglandu " or sparsely glandular dichasia, 2) a terminal, glandular inflorescence,
and 3) laterally spreading, mostly glandular dichasia between the basal and terminal inflorescence:
corolla externally pubescent with glandular and eglandular trichomes, the glands conspicuous;
capsules entirely pubescent and including glandular trichomes (at least at apex). R. nudiflora
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 97
Ruellia standleyi Leonard
Phenology. Flowering: unknown; fruiting: May.
Distribution and habitats. Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica; moist
forests; 700 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. OLANCHO: Mata de Maiz, O de Montafia Punta de Piedra, 30 km NE de
Culmi, C. Nelson & E. Vargas 2743 (MO, TEFH)
This distinctive species with crenate leaf margins, a densely glandular terminal
inflorescence, greenish corollas, and linear-ellipsoid capsules has not been reported
previously from Honduras.
Ruellia tuberosa L.
Phenology. Flowering: September; fruiting: April, August-September.
Distribution and habitats. West Indies, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, naturalized in
tropical regions worldwide; gardens and waste places; near sea level.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMEN. ATLANTIDA: Tela, ca. 15°47'N, 87°28'W, T. Daniel & J. Araque 9489 (CAS,
EAP, MO, US).
This species is apparently both cultivated and naturalized in Honduras. Daniel
& Araque 9489 was naturalized in waste ground in Tela, whereas another collection
from Tela (Nelson 7781, US) was collected from the patio of a house. Plants of this
species typically produce both cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers.
Sanchezia parvibracteata Sprague & Hutch.
This native of southern Central America and northern South America is likely
known only from cultivation in Honduras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Siguatepeque, J. Valerio R. 2725 (EAP, F).—FRANCISCO
Morazan: vicinity of El Zamorano, P. Standley 28490 (EAP).
A collection (Rodriguez 192, CAS, MO) from Montafia La Tigra in Francisco
Morazan was not noted to have been cultivated and might represent a naturalized
individual or population.
Spathacanthus hahnianus Baill.
Phenology. Flowering: August-September; fruiting: March.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras; moist forests; 900-2300 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. Cortes: 2 km NW de la quebrada de Cantiles, 15°32'N, 88°15'W, C. Nelson
et al. 16631 (TEFH).—Lempira: Parque Nacional Montafia de Celaque, Cerro Aguacatal, Las Chimis, San
Manuel Colohete, P House et al. 185 (EAP).—Yoro: ca. 16 km from Yarucha [=Yaruca?] on Quebrada
de Oro to Cerro Bufalo, W. Holmes 4392 (NY,TEX).
Spathacanthus hahnianus was reported from Honduras by Daniel (1999b), who
also provided a key to the three known species of the genus. These rare trees (to 12
m tall according to House et al. 185) and shrubs remain poorly known in Honduras.
House et al. 185 lacks corollas but likely represents this species.
Stenandrium chameranthemoideum Ocerst.
Phenology. Flowering: March—May; fruiting: March—Apri
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Honduras; moist forests 1200-1500 m.
98 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CoMAYAGUA: Barranco Trincheras, ca. 20 km N of Siguatepeque, A. Molina
R. 1368 (EAP), 6964 (EAP, F), A. Molina R. & A. Molina 25477 (EAP, F), L. Williams & A. Molina R.
12517 (EAP), 18059 (EAP).
This is the first report of this species in Honduras and Central America. All five
known Honduran collections of S. chameranthemoideum come from the same locality
and are cited above. The Honduran plants differ from those in Mexico only by the
young stems with antrorsely appressed (vs. erect to flexuose to retrorse) trichomes.
Stenandrium pedunculatum (Donn. Sm.) Leonard
Phenology. Flowering: June-November; fruiting: Jane-November.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua;
pine forests, moist forests, along streams, grassy slopes; 800-1100 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: near El Banquito, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 10796 (EAP,
F, US).—EL Paraiso: Rio Lizapa, Llano de Lizapa, A. Molina R. 3955 (EAP, F, MO, US).—FRrancisco
MoraAZAn: near San Francisco, drainage of Rio Yeguare, 14°N, 87°W, A. Molina R. 218 (EAP, F, GH).
Stenostephanus hondurensis T. F. Daniel, sp. nov—T ype: Honpuras. Copan: El
Paraiso, Cerro Azul, 15°06'N, 88°55'W, 1700 m, bosque montano, 8 Mar 2000,
L. Zelaya & S. Lainez 336 (holotype: TEFH!). Fig. 9.
Perennis. Folia petiolata, laminae ellipticae, 120-175 mm longae, 36-70 mm latae,
2.5—3.4-plo longiores quam latiores. Inflorescentia thyrsi, rachis pubescens trichoma-
tibus eglandulosis, dichasia pedunculata (1) 3-flora, flores pedicellati. Corolla rubra,
17-18 mm longa, extus pubescens, labium superiorus 7-9 mm longum, labium inferi-
orus 8-11 mm longum lobis 2-4.5 mm longis. Capsula ignota.
Perennials of unknown height. Young stems subterete to subquadrate, + evenly
pubescent with antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes 0.2-0.4 mm long, soon
glabrate. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 25 mm long, blades elliptic, 120-175 mm long,
36-70 mm wide, 2.5—3.4 times longer than wide, acuminate at apex, attenuate at base,
surfaces with antrorse eglandular trichomes, trichomes + restricted to major veins,
margin entire, ciliate. Inflorescence a terminal thyrse to 110 mm long (including peduncle),
peduncle and rachis + flattened to ridge-angled, evenly pubescent with erect to
flexuose eglandular trichomes 0.05-0.2 mm long; dichasia opposite, (1—) 3-flowered,
pedunculate, peduncles 1.5-2.5 mm long, pubescent like rachis. Bracts triangular-
subulate, 1—-1.2 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, abaxial surface pubescent like rachis or
with the trichomes becoming + antrorse. Bracteoles linear to triangular-subulate,
0.6-0.8 mm long, 0.2 mm wide, pubescent like bracts. Flowers pedicellate, pedicels
2.5—4 mm long, pubescent like rachis, lateral flowers borne on secondary peduncles
1.5-2 mm long. Calyx 1.5-2 mm long, abaxially pubescent with erect to antrorse
eglandular trichomes to 0.05 mm long, lobes triangular-subulate, 1.2-1.5 mm long,
subequal in length, 0.6-0.8 mm wide. Corolla linear to + c-shaped in bud, red, 17-18
mm long, externally pubescent with erect to antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.05—0.1
mm long, tube 6-8 mm long, + gradually expanded distally forming a + distinguish-
able throat, narrow proximal portion 3.5-4 mm long, throat 3-4.5 mm long, 3-3.2 mm
in diameter, widest near midpoint, upper lip straightforward to spreading, 7-9 mm
long, 2 mm wide, lower lip 3-lobed, 8-11 mm long, lobes 24.5 mm long, 0.9-1.4 mm
wide. Stamens inserted near base of corolla tube (in proximal 1/3), 16-17 mm long,
thecae red, 3.2-3.8 mm long; pollen (Fig. 10c) globose-spherical, 2-porate, surface of
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 99
oO
Loopy reer ae
Wi 4 EAE pe ie
edd, oe
J What te
Agdudy Lie ke
Peat OLS
f ris ved fe evine
pigs tetoe
ne Ba ieee Se
Peetd gen
FEPEAZINCS ata
NS py iilidyis Sor
LEG PGS RGR
" |
“Sle, mht
tee ELAS
ens) Lt.
FIG. 9. Stenostephanus hondurensis (Zelaya & Lainez 336). a. Leaf and inflorescence, x0.5. b. Detail
of inflorescence peduncle showing pubescence, x5.6. c. Portion of floral peduncle, bracteoles, pedicel, and
flower, x3.7. d. Detail of pubescence on external surface of corolla, x19. Drawn by Jennifer Kane.
circular regions densely baculate to gemmate, peripheral band apparently continu-
ous, baculate to gemmate. Style red, 20-22 mm long, glabrous, stigma 0.1 mm long,
minutely 2-lobed. Ovary glabrous. Capsule and seeds not seen.
Phenology. Flowering: March; fruiting: unknown.
Distribution and habitats. Endemic to western Honduras; montane forests; 1700 m.
Stenostephanus Nees is a neotropical genus with about 75 species occurring
from Mexico to Bolivia. This represents the first report of the genus in Honduras. It
can be distinguished from other Honduran genera of Acanthaceae by the following
combination of characters: cystoliths present, two stamens with 1-thecous anthers,
and 2-porate pollen divided into two gemmate regions by a continuous or interrupted
peripheral band. Species of Stenostephanus usually have very restricted distributions,
and they tend to occur in cloud forests at relatively high elevations.
Hansteinia Oerst. and Habracanthus Nees are now treated as congeneric with
Stenostephanus (Daniel 1995a, 1999a; Wasshausen 1999), but many of the nomencla-
tural combinations for Central American species have yet to be made. Daniel (1999a)
revised the Mexican species; the Central American species are currently being studied.
Stenostephanus hondurensis does not conform to any of the 24 currently recognized
species of these genera from Mexico and Central America nor does it appear to be
conspecific with South American taxa (Leonard 1958; Wasshausen 1999; Wasshausen
& Wood 2001; Wood 1988). Superficially, it resembles Habracanthus ruberrimus D.N.
Gibson from Guatemala by its more or less flattened to ridge-angled inflorescence
peduncles and rachises, its red corollas, and generally similar pollen (Fig. 10c—e). That
100 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. 10. Pollen of Stenostephanus. a. S. sessilifolius (Liesner 26675), apertural view. b. S. sessilifolius
(Liesner 26675), interapertural view. c. S. hondurensis (Zelaya & Lainez 336), interapertural view. d. S.
ruberrimus (Contreras 6621 from Guatemala), apertural view. e. 8. ruberrimus (Contreras 6621), interap-
ertural view. Scale bar: = 5 um.
species differs from S. hondurensis by its inconspicuously bifariously pubescent rachis
with antrorse to antrorsely appressed trichomes, dichasia borne on peduncles 3-13
mm long, subulate bracts 1.5—3.5 mm long, calyx 5-6 mm long and abaxially glabrous,
and corolla 25-36 mm long with the external surface covered with papillae less than
0.05 mm long.
Stenostephanus sessilifolius (Oerst.) T. F Daniel, comb. nov. Glockeria sessilifolia
Oerst., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjgbenhavn 1854: 141.
1855.Galeottia sessilifolia (Oerst.) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. 2: 490. 1891. Hanstei-
nia sessilifolia (Oerst.) Durkee, Fieldiana, Bot. (n.s.) 18: 44. 1986.—Tyve:
Costa Rica. Heredia: “in monte Barba,” 6000 ft, May 1847, A. Oersted 10659
(holotype: C!).
Phenology. Flowering: May; fruiting: May.
Distribution and habitats. Honduras, Costa Rica: along streams; 1300-1500 m.
Yoro: Rio Pijol Valley, 7 km SE of Nueva Esperanza, 15°12'N, 87°35'W, R. Liesner 26675 (EAP,
O).
A new combination in Stenostephanus is proposed for the species most recently
treated as Hansteinia sessiliflora (Durkee 1986). Wood (1988) and Daniel (199Sa)
discussed the relationships of these and other genera with two monothecous stamens
and biporate pollen.
This represents the first report of this species in Honduras. In late April of 2000,
I was unsuccessful in relocating the population from which the only known Hondu-
ran collection was made in the region southeast of Nueva Esperanza. Morphological
characters evident on Liesner’s specimens fall within the range of variation observed
on specimens of S. sessilifolius from Costa Rica, although they tend to have more
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 101
trichomes on the rachis and peduncles of the inflorescence. Label data on Liesner’s
collection describe the corollas as orange. Most plants of S. sessilifolius have corollas
that are red dorsally and yellow ventrally. Corollas on some collections from Costa
Rica (e.g., Koptur SK-92) are sometimes described as “orange-red,” when it is evi-
dent (even from the dried corollas) that they are red dorsally and yellow ventrally.
In their dried state, it is not possible to determine the color of the corollas from the
sole Honduran specimens. Pollen of S. sessifolius from Honduran plants (Fig. 10a, b)
concurs with that of Costa Rican plants.
The two species of Stenostephanus in Honduras can be distinguished using the
following couplet:
Inflorescence peduncles and rachis evenly pubescent; bracteoles linear to triangular-subulate, 0.6-0.8
alyx 1.5-2 mm long; corolla externally pubescent; thecae 3.2-3.8 mm long; pollen with
eripheral band baculate to gemmate. S. hondurensis
Inflorescence peduncles and rachis glabrous to bifariously pul I b 1-1.7 (-2.5)
ong; calyx 5-13.5 mm long; corolla externally glabrous; thecae 2.5-3 mm long: ie with
peripheral band psilate to subpsilate. S. sessilifolius
Tetramerium nemorum Brandegee
Phenology. Flowering: February—May; fruiting: May.
Distribution and habitats. Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua;
dry forests, thornscrub, along streams; 350-690 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. COMAYAGUA: Vicinity of Comayagua, P. Standley & J. Chacon P. 5911
(EAP, F).—EL Paraiso: road between Yuscaran and Oropolf, 10-14 km N of Oropoli, ca. 13°55'N, 86°48'W,
T. Daniel et al. 9569 (CAS, EAP, K, MO, US).—Francisco MorazAn: ca. 21 km SE of Talanga along road
to Villa de San Francisco, ca. 14°14'N, 87°01'W, T. Daniel & G. Pilz 9606 (CAS, EAP, K, MEXU, MICH,
MO, UPS).
The type of the taxonomic synonym, Averia melanosperma Leonard, is from
Honduras: El Paraiso, thicket along Choluteca River near Ojo de Agua, 559 m, 1 Feb
1947, L. Williams & A. Molina R. 14050 (holotype: US!; isotype: F!).
Tetramerium nervosum Nees
Phenology. Flowering: January-February, May; fruiting: January-February, May.
Distribution and habitats. U.S.A., Mexico, Guatemala, El] Salvador, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru; dry forests,
thornscrub, disturbed areas, along streams; 110-1200 m
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. CHOLUTECA: El Escudo, 4.5 km W de San Francisco, C. Nelson 1364
(EAP).—EL Paraiso: vicinity of Rio California, between Rio Choluteca and Jacalapea, P. Standley 29163
(EAP, F).—FRancisco pee grounds of Escuela Agricola Panamericana in E] Zamorano, S of live-
stock sheds, ca. 14°01'N, 87°01'W, T. Daniel 9549 (CAS, EAP, MO, US).—Va te: Gulf of Fonseca, Tiger
Island, 1838, A. arin n. (type of T. polystachyum Nees: holotype: K!).
Daniel (1986) equated T: polystachyum with T. nervosum. Plants resembling the
type of the former name have since been recollected on Isla Tigre (e.g., P Standley
20700 at NY and US). Sinclair’s type specimen represents one of the first known
plants to have been collected in Honduras (Nelson 1990, 1996).
Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims
Phenology. Flowering: throughout the year; fruiting: July-September, Decem-
ber—April.
102 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Distribution and habitats. Africa, naturalized throughout the tropics; gardens,
disturbed areas, beaches; 0-1600 m
Sralpr geine SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: 8.1 km S of La Ceiba near Rio Cangrejal on road to Yaruca,
T. Daniel & J. pie 9514 (CAS, EAP, MO, US).—Cuovureca: vicinity of San Marcos de Col6én, P
Standley 15701 (EAP, F).—Co on: Trujillo, A. Clewell et al. 4282 ia MO).—ComayaGua: vicinity of
Sig oes i m eave & J. Chacon P. 6635 (F).—Copan: 10 mi W of Copan toward La Entrada, 7:
ce 42513 (MO).—Cortes: vicinity of La Lima, P Standley & J. Chae P. 7193 (F).—EL Paraiso: El
Paraiso, A. Molina R. 27207 (EAP, F, US).—Francisco MorazAn: Zamorano, J. Valerio R. 3543 (EAP,
S).—La Paz: vicinity of Marcala town, Marcala River, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 24277 (EAP, F,
NY). —Lempira: Cd. Gracias, ca. 14°25'N, 88°35'W, C. Nelson et al. 320 (MO).—OcorEPEQUE: vicinity of
Nuevo ie tar ae Sinuapa River, A. Molina R. 22160 (EAP, F, NY).—OLANCcHo: Campamento, /. Guerra
C. 112 (MO).—Santa BARBARA: alrededores de Santa Barbara, Rio Ulua, A. Molina R. 3804 (EAP, F, GH,
US).—Yoro: near Progresso, P. Standley 55008 (F, US).
This species is both cultivated and naturalized in Honduras.
Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson
is native of western tropical Africa is known only from cultivated plants in
Honduras.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Tela, A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34698 (EAP).—COoLon:
Faust, 4 km N de Sonaguera, N. Pastor E. 972 (EAP).—FRancisco MorazAn: Zamorano, J. Valerio R.
2242 (EAP, F).
Thunbergia fragrans Roxb.
Phenology. Flowering: December-February, May, August: fruiting: Decem-
ber—February, May.
Distribution and habitats. India, naturalized in many tropical regions; gardens,
disturbed areas; 40-1000 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: near Lancetilla, T) Yuncker 5017 (F, NY).—ComayaGua:
Agua Caliente, vaguada de Rio Chamo y Rio Humuya, C. Nelson et . 6447 (MEXU, MO).—Corrtes: 5
km es San Pedro Sula, Rio Arenales, El Sauce, A. Molina R. 3827 (EAP. F, GH, US).—EL Paraiso: vicin-
1 Danli, P. Standley 16687 (EAP, F).—FRANcIsco MORAZAN: ee General, Comayagiiela, C.
aan 152 (NY).—La Paz: alrededores de La Paz, M. Medina 230 (MO).—Yoro: near Mindanao, J.
Dickson 911 (EAP)
This species is both cultivated and naturalized in Honduras.
Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb.
Phenology. Flowering: November—May, August; fruiting: unknown.
Distribution and habitats. India through southeastern Asia, cultivated and natu-
ralized in tropical regions; gardens, disturbed areas; 80-800 m.
REPRESENTATIVE SPECIMENS. ATLANTIDA: Lancetilla Pupertuent Station, 7? Yuncker 5030 (NY ).—Cuo-
40 (ME
LuTEcA: aldea Las Delicias, 20 km N de Choluteca, J. Segovi XU).—EL Paraiso: outskirts of Danli,
N. Harriman 14586 (MO).—Francisco MorRAZAN: El canonmnd A. Molina R. & A. Molina 34795 (EAP.
MO).—OLANcuo: vicinity of Juticalpa, P es 18084 (EAP).
This species is cultivated and reputedly naturalized (e.g., Standley 18084) in Hon-
duras. Some cultivated plants from El Zamorano (e.g., Valerio R. 1097, 2289, both at
EAP) have narrow leaves lacking large marginal teeth (they also have coarsely and
irregularly sinuate margins and three major veins). They are suggestive of Thunbergia
laurifolia and may represent that species.
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 103
ExcLUDED NAMES
The following names have been cited from Honduras in one or more sources.
They are excluded based on the reasons provided.
Aphelandra aurantiaca var. stenophylla Standl. = narrow-leaved form of Aphelandra
aurantiaca Lindl. (Daniel, 1991b, and see above).
Aphelandra deppeana Schltdl. & Cham. = Aphelandra scabra (Vahl) Sm. (Daniel
1991b).
Aphelandra repanda Nees = narrow-leaved form of Aphelandra aurantiaca (Daniel
1991b and see above).
Asystasia coromandeliana Nees = Asystasia gangetica T. Anderson (Fosberg et al. 1993).
Averia longipes (Standl.) Leonard = Tetramerium nemorum Brandegee (Daniel 1986).
Averia melanosperma Leonard = Tetramerium nemorum (Daniel 1986).
Barleria micans Nees = Barleria oenotheroides Dum. Cours. (Daniel 1995a).
Beloperone guttata Brandegee = Justicia brandegeana Wassh. &. L. B. Sm. (Daniel 1989).
Beloperone variegata Lindau.—This name is a synonym of Justicia chamaephyton
D. N. Gibson (Daniel 1993b), a species known only from southern Costa Rica.
Molina’s (1975) inclusion of it among Honduran Acanthaceae was likely based
on a misidentification.
Beloperone violacea Planch. & Linden.—This name was applied to plants collected
from the Gulf of Fonseca by Hemsley (1882), who also noted the taxonomic
synonym, Justicia carthagenensis Jacq. If these two names do indeed apply to the
same species, then the correct name for it in Justicia is J. carthagenensis.
Blechum brownei Juss. = Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb. (Daniel 1995a).
Buceragenia glandulosa Leonard = Pseuderanthemum cuspidatum (Nees) Radlk.
(Daniel, 1995b, and see above).
Carlowrightia costaricana Leonard = Carlowrightia arizonica A. Gray (Daniel 1995b).
Chaetothylax rothschuhii Lindau = Justicia micrantha (Oerst.) V. A. W. Graham (see
above).
Crossandra undulaefolia Salisb. = Crossandra infundibuliformis (L.) Nees (Bailey
1949).
Dicliptera assurgens (L.) Juss. = Dicliptera sexangularis (L.) Juss. (Daniel 1995b).
Dicliptera brachiata Spreng. —This name applies to a species of the southern United
States and northern Mexico. Molina’s (1975) inclusion of it from Honduras was
based on a misidentification.
104 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Dicliptera sumichrasti Lindauu—See above under Dicliptera antidysenterica A.
Molina R.
Dicliptera vahliana Nees = Dicliptera sexangularis (Daniel 1995b).
Dyschoriste hondurensis Leonard = Dyschoriste quadrangularis (Oerst.) Kuntze (see
above).
Dyschoriste oaxacensis Kobuski = Dyschoriste capitata (Oerst.) Kuntze (Daniel 1995b).
Dyschoriste skutchii Leonard = Dyschoriste capitata (Daniel 1995b).
Eranthemum nervosum (Vahl) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult. = Eranthemum pulchellum
Andr. (Fosberg et al. 1993),
Fittonia argyroneura Coem. = Fittonia albivenis (Lindl. ex Veitch) Burmmitt (Brum-
mitt 1980).
Henrya scorpioides (L.) Nees.—Although this name is commonly applied to plants
of #7. insularis Nees ex Benth., its basionym pertains to Dicliptera sexangularis
(Daniel 1990).
Hygrophila conferta Nees = Hygrophila costata Nees (Daniel 1995b).
Hygrophila guianensis Nees = Hygrophila costata (Daniel 1995b).
Hypoestes sanguinolenta Hook. f—This name is commonly misapplied to Hypoestes
phyllostachya Baker (Daniel 1995b).
“Jacobinia pohliana var. velutina Hort. ’—This “name” was cited by Molina (1975).
I find no evidence for its publication.
Jacobinia spicigera (Schltdl.) L. H. Bailey = Justicia spicigera Schltdl. (Daniel 1995b).
Jacobinia umbrosa (Benth.) Blake = Justicia aurea Schltdl. (Daniel 1995b).
Justicia chamaephyton D. N. Gibson.—This species of southern Costa Rica is not
known from Honduras. Molina’s (1975) inclusion of it was based on a misiden-
tification.
Justicia corynimorpha D.N. Gibson = Justicia carthagenensis Jacq. (Daniel 1995b).
Justicia fulvicoma Schltdl.—See above under Justicia ciriloi T. F. Daniel.
Justicia olanchana Standl. & L. Williams, nomen nudum—A\lthough listed by Molina
(1975), this manuscript name was never published: plants so annotated are Jus-
ticia ramulosa (Morong) C. Ezcurra.
Justicia peckii (S. F. Blake) Standl. = Justicia breviflora (Nees) Rusby (Daniel 1995b).
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 105
Justicia tinctoria (Oerst.) D. N. Gibson = Justicia colorifera V. A. W. Graham (Daniel
1995b)
Justicia trichotoma (Kuntze) Leonard.—See above under Justicia pilzii T. F. Daniel.
Justicia tuerckheimiana Donn. Sm. = Justicia candelariae (Oerst.) Leonard (Daniel
Mendoncia costaricensis Oerst.—Standley (1931) used this name for plants from
the Lancetilla Valley, and Molina (1975) included it in his list of Honduran
Acanthaceae. A Standley collection nom eu) at F that was labeled with
this name is Mendoncia retusa Turrill. A costaricesis is not known from
Honduras.
Nelsonia brunelloides (Lam.) Kuntze—Although this name has often been used in
referring to plants treated above as Nelsonia canescens (Lam) Spreng., Barker
(1986) indicated that its basionym pertains to Hemigraphis.
Odontonema callistachyum (Schltdl. & Cham.) Kuntze—Not known from Honduras;
see above under O. cuspidatum (Nees) Kuntze.
Odontonema paniculiferum S. F. Blake.-—Yuncker (1940) used this name for plants
from Atlantida. It was included in the synonymy of Odontonema hondurense
(Lindau) D. N. Gibson by Daniel (1997).
Poikilacanthus setiferus Standl. & Steyerm. = Poikilacanthus macranthus Lindau
(Daniel 1991a, and see above).
Pseuderanthemum atropurpureum (W. Bull) Radlk. = Pseuderanthemum carruthersit
(Seem.) Guillaumin (Daniel 1995b).
Razisea spicata Oerst —Standley 14158 (F), supposedly collected from moist pine-oak forest at 1600 m at
Monte Oscuro in the department of Francisco Morazan, has written across the label, “mixed label,
this plant may not be from Honduras.” Lacking additional confirmation of the presence of this spe-
cies in Honduras, it is excluded from the acanthaceous flora of the country. As noted above, it might
be expected to occur there in moist forests.
Ruellia brittoniana Leonard = Ruellia coerulea Morong (Daniel 1995b).
Ruellia campestris (Oerst.) Hemsl—This name, based on a fragmentary collection
from Costa Rica and not treated by Durkee (1986), has been applied to plants
from Honduras. Honduran specimens determined with this name (e.g., Gillis
9602 at US) are treated here as Ruellia puberula.
Ruellia latibracteata D. N. Gibson = Blechum grandiflorum Oerst. (see above).
Ruellia molinae D.N. Gibson = Ruellia fulgida Andr. (see above).
106 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Ruellia williamsii Leonard = Ruellia hookeriana (Nees) Hemsl. (see above).
Siphonoglossa hondurensis Standl. & Steyerm. = Justicia ramosa (Oerst.) V. A. W.
Graham (see above).
Siphonoglossa ramosa var. hondurensis (Standl. & Steyerm.) Hilsenb. = Justicia ramosa
(see above).
Siphonoglossa sessilis (Jacq.) D. N. Gibson.—See above under Justicia ramosa.
Teliostachya alopecuroidea (Vahl) Nees = Lepidagathis alopecuroidea (Vahl) R. Br.
ex Griseb. (Daniel 1995b),.
Tetramerium polystachyum Nees = Tetramerium nervosum Nees(Daniel 1986).
Thunbergia alba S. Moore.—Molina (1975) listed this name for cultivated acantha-
ceous plants, probably in reference to white-flowered individuals of 7. alata Bojer
ex Sims.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I thank the National Geographic Society for funding my field and herbarium studies in Honduras; the
American Philosophical Society for funding travel to MEXU and MO: the Escuela Agricola Panamericana
at El Zamorano for providing logistical support; Jorge Araque (EAP), who was a pleasant and helpful field
companion for many weeks; George Pilz (EAP), who facilitated my visits to Honduras, made many local
arrangements, and who accompanied me in the field; Antonio Molina (EAP), who assisted me in the Paul
Standley Herbarium, identified my non-acanthaceous collections, and who accompanied me in the field;
Cirilo Nelson and Paul House, who provided access to T , supplied various data, and arranged for a
critical loan of specimens; Jennifer Kane and Paul Hayes for illustrating the new species; Scott Serata for
assistance with the scanning electron microscope; Juan Ochoa for providing the map; and the curators of
the following herbaria for allowing access to their collections: A, CAS, DS, EAP, F, GH, K, LL, MEXU
MO, NY, PMA, RSA, TEFH, UC, and US
LITERATURE CITED
Almeda, F. 1996. A new Miconia (Melastomataceae) from Celaque National Park, Honduras. Novon 6:
319-322.
Ayers, T. J.,and D. E. Boufford. 1988. Index . the vascular plant types collected by H. H. Smith near Santa
Marta, Colombia. Brittonia 40: 400-4
Bailey, L. H. 1949. Manual fs a ee New York: MacMillan Publishing Co.
Balick, M. J.,M.H. Nee, and D. E. Atha. 2000. Checklist of the vascular plants of Belize. Mem. New York
Bot. Gard. 85: 1-24
Balkwill, — and K. Balkwil. 1997. Delimitation and infrageneric classification of Barleria (Acanthaceae).
ull. 52: 535-573.
a. R a 1986. A taxonomic revision of Australian Acanthaceae. - Opec Bot. Gard. 9: 1-286.
Bramwell, D. 2002. How many plant species are there? Plant Talk 28:
Breedlove, D. E. 1981. ai eeiee to the Flora of Chiapas. In Hoe ¥ ae ed. D. E. Breedlove, 1:
1-34 [inside cover]. San Francisco: California Academy of Scienc
Brummitt, R. K. 1980. Fittonia pen Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 182: 157- 186,
Daniel, T. F. 1986. Systematics of Tetramerium (Acanthaceae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 12
. Taxonomic notes on two cultivated species of Justicia (Acanthaceae). a 23: 47-50.
. 1990. Systematics of Henrya (Acanthaceae). Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 17: 99-131
1991a. A synopsis of Poikilacanthus (Acanthaceae) in Mexico. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 118:
451-458
2005 DANIEL: HONDURAN ACANTHACEAE 107
.1991b. A revision of Aphelandra (Acanthaceae) in Mexico. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 47: 235-274.
. 1993a. A synopsis of Lophostachys (Acanthaceae) in Mexico and Central America. Selbyana 14:
64-70.
. 1993b. Taxonomic and geographic notes on Central American Acanthaceae. Proc. Calif. Acad.
Sci. 48: 119-130.
1995a. New and reconsidered Mexican Acanthaceae. VI. Chiapas. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 48:
253 —284.
. 1995b. Acanthaceae. In Flora of Chiapas, ed. D. E. Breedlove, 4: 1-158. San Francisco: California
Academy of Sci
——.. 1995c. ee z Odontonema (Acanthaceae) in Mexico. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 20:
147-171
—— . 1997. Catalog of the Acanthaceae of Belize with taxonomic and phytogeographic notes. Contr.
Univ. Michigan Herb. 21: 161-174
1 Pollen mo,rphology of Mexican Acanthaceae: diversity and systematic significance. Proc.
Calif. Acad. Sci. 50: 217-256
. 1999a. Revision of Stenostephanus (Acanthaceae) in Mexico. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 22:
47-93.
.1999b. Revision of Spathacanthus (Acanthaceae). Contr. Univ. Michigan Herbarium 22: 33-46.
. 1999c. Nuevos registros estatales de Acanthaceae en México. Boletin Inst. Bot. Univ. Guadalajara
7: 51-59.
.2001 .Catalog of Acanthaceae in El Salvador. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 23: 115-137.
Prasat and reconsidered Mexican Acanthaceae IX. Justicia. Proc. Calif. Acad. S ci. 53: 37-49.
Daniel, T. FE, and D. C. Wasshausen. 1990. Three new species of Justicia (Acanthaceae) from Panama. Proc.
Ca en Sci. 46; 289-297.
D’Arcy, W. G. 1987. Flora of Panama: checklist and index. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 17:
1-328
Davis, S. D., S. J. M. Droop, P. Gregerson, L. Henson, C. J. Leon, J. L. Villa-Lobos, H. Synge, and J. Zan-
tovska. 1986. Plants in danger: what do we know? Gland, sence and Cambridge, U. K.: Inter-
national Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resource
Durkee, L. H. 1978. Acanthaceae. In “Flora of Panama,” ed. R. E. See et al. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.
65: 155-283.
———. 1986. Acanthaceae. In “Flora Costaricensis," ed. W. Burger. Fieldiana, Bot. 18: 1-87
. 1999, Five new taxa and two new combinations of Acanthaceae from Central America. Novon 9:
503-510.
2001 ae In Flora de Nicaragua, ed. W. D. Stevens et al. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot.
Gard. 85(1):8
Ezcurra, C. 1993. re of Ruellia (Acanthaceae) in southern South America. Ann. Missouri Bot.
Gard. 80: 787-845.
Fosberg, F. R., M.-H. Sachet, and R. L. Oliver. 1993. Flora of Micronesia, 5: Bignoniaceae—Rubiaceae.
Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 81: 1-135.
Fosberg, F. R., D. R. Stoddart, M. -H. Sachet, and D. L. Spellman. 1982. Plants of the Belize Cays. Atoll
Res. Bull. 258: 1-77.
Gentry, A. 1978. Floristic knowledge and needs in Pacific Tropical ape Brittonia 30: 134-153.
Gibson, D. N. 1972. Studies in American plants, III. Fieldiana, Bot. 34: 57-87
———. 1973. Studies in American plants, V. Phytologia 25: 113-115.
. 1974. Acanthaceae. In “Flora of Guatemala,” ed. P. C. Standley et al. Fieldiana, Bot. 24(10):
328-461.
Gomez, L. D., J. C. Godoy, O. Herrera-MacBryde, and J. Villa-Lobos. 1997. Regional overview: Middle
America, Central America. In Centres of plant diversity, a guide and strategy for their conservation,
D. Davis et al., 107-124. Oxford: Information Press
Greuter, W. ef al. (eds.). 2000. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Regnum Veg. 138: 1-474.
Blomsley vy 1882. Botany. In soa Centrali-Americana, ed. F.D, Godman and O. Salvin, vol. 2. Lon-
don cee Porter and DuL 0.
EU iecnbeck: R.A. 1989. A new species of Siphonoglossa (Acanthaceae) and some infrageneric transfers.
Madrofio 36: 198-207.
Leonard, E. C. 1927. Ruellia tuberosa and a few of its relatives. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 509-520.
. 1936. The Acanthaceae of the Yucatan Peninsula. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 461: 191-238.
. 1950. Five new species of Acanthaceae from Honduras. Ceiba 1: 103-115
8. The Acanthaceae of Colombia, II. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 323-78
Malo, S. E. 1999. El Zamorano-meeting the challenge of tropical America. nets Simbad Books.
108 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
McDade, L. A., T. F. Daniel, S. E. Masta, and K. M. Riley. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within the tribe
Justicieae (Acanthaceae): evidence from molecular sequences, morphology, and cytology. Ann. Mis-
ouri Bot. Gard. 87: 435-458.
Molina - A. 1965. Nuevas fanerogamas de América Central. ek 11: 65-71.
———.. 1975. Enumeracion de las plantas de Honduras. Ceiba 19:
Nelson S., C. H. 1986. Plantas comunes de Honduras, vol. 2. ena Editorial Universitaria.
———. 1989. Honduras. In Floristic inventory saa countries, ed. D, G. Campbell and H. D. Ham-
mond, 290-294. Bronx: New York Botanical Garder
. 1990. Early collectors of plants from Honduras ee the confusion with British Honduras (Belize).
Taxon 39: 568-571.
———.. 1996. La flora de Honduras en la Biologia Centrali-Americana, de Hemsley. Fontqueria 44: 53-68.
Nelson S., C., R. Gamarra G., and J. aa C. 1996. Hondurensis Plantarum Vascularium Catalogus.
Preidophyt. Fontqueria 43: 1-13
ctor, G. R. 1983. New plant records an the Mosquitia region of Honduras. Moscosoa 2: 19-22.
ancient T. P. and Y. Hornelas U. 1988. A new name and a new species in Mexican Ruellia (Acan-
thaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 159: 161-163.
Standley, P. C. 1931. Flora of es mae Valley Honduras. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 10: 1-418.
Stevens, W. D.,C. Ulloa U., A 1, y O. Martha M. (eds.). 2001. Flora de Nicaragua, vol. 1. Monogr. Syst.
Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard ee 1.943,
Turner, B. L. 1991. Texas species of Ruellia (Acanthaceae). Phytologia 71: 281-299.
— D. C. 1999. The genus Stenostephanus (Acanthaceae) in Bolivia. Harvard Papers Bot. 4:
279-288.
i aschansen: D. C., and T. F. Daniel. 1995. Justicia nevlingii (Acanthaceae), a new species from Mexico.
Novon 5: 114-117.
Wasshausen, D. C., and J. R. I. Wood. ee ok discoveries in the genus Stenostephanus (Acanthaceae)
in Bolivia. Harvard Papers Bot. 6: 4
Wilson, L. D., and J. R. Meyer. 1982. The aie of Honduras. Milwaukee: Milwaukee Public Museum.
Wood, J. R. 1. 1988. Colombian Acanthaceae —some new discoveries and some reconsiderations. Kew
Bull. 43: 1-51.
Yuncker, T. G. 1940. Flora of the Aguan Valley and the coastal regions near La Ceiba Honduras. Publ. Field
Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot Ser. 9: 245-346
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 109-113. 2005.
ELEOCHARIS IGNOTA (CYPERACEAE),
A NEW SPECIES FROM WESTERN MEXICO
M. Socorro Gonzalez-Elizondo
CIIDIR, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Apdo. Postal 738
Durango, Dgo., 34000, Mexico
Anton A. Reznicek
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287 U.S.A.
Asstracr. Eleocharis ignota S. Gonzdlez & Reznicek (Cyperaceae), previously described as E.
montevidensis Kunth forma angustior, is elevated to the rank of species. Its differences with E. montevi-
densis and E. dombeyana are discussed.
ResuMEN. Eleocharis ignota S. Gonzalez et Reznicek (Cyperaceae), previamente tratada como E.
montevidensis Kunth forma angustior, es reconocida a nivel de especie. Se comentan sus diferencias con
E. montevidensis y E. dombeyana.
During 1991 and 1992, while revising sedges for the upcoming volume of the
Flora Novo-Galiciana, Rogers McVaugh found an unknown element of Eleocharis
that was provisionally named “E. ignota.” He asked Socorro Gonzalez-E. for her
opinion regarding this novelty and invited her to describe it. After collecting more
material in Jalisco and reviewing a number of specimens of the complex surrounding
E. montevidensis Kunth, Gonzalez-E. concluded, with considerable doubts, that “£.
ignota” could represent only a regional form of the variable and widely distributed
E. montevidensis and described it as E. montevidensis forma angustior S. Gonzalez
& McVaugh (McVaugh 1993). The epithet for the forma reflects the shape of the
spikelets, which are longer and relatively narrower than those of other populations
of E. montevidensis.
Recent studies on Eleocharis subseries Truncatae from Mexico reveal that the
name E£. montevidensis has been broadly applied to a complex of species, and that
E. montevidensis forma angustior represents one of these. Therefore, this taxon is
elevated to the rank of species.
Eleocharis ignota S. Gonzdlez & Reznicek, sp. nov. Eleocharis montevidensis
forma angustior S. Gonzalez & McVaugh, Flora Novo-Galiciana 13: 362.
1993.—T ype: Mexico. Jalisco: 22 km de Lagos de Moreno, por la carretera
a Guadalajara, en charcos, 12 Aug 1992, S. Gonzdlez 5249 with A. Garcia y
L. Lépez (holotype: CIIDIR!; isotypes: ANSM! CHAP! CHAPA! ENCB!
IBUG! IEB! MEXU! MICH! NMSU!). Figs. 1, 2.
Caespitose perennial from a hard, ligneous rhizome covered by remains of older
culm bases (usually the rhizome absent in herbarium specimens and the clumps
appearing to arise from a vertical or ascending caudex). Culms erect, 20-44 cm long,
0.4-1 mm wide, rectangular to subterete and strongly flattened, with 3-4 blunt ridges
on each of the wide sides, flattened or subterete at summit. Basal sheaths membra-
nous, easily disintegrating, purple at the base, the apex oblique, rounded, the mouth
109
110 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. 1. Eleocharis ignota. Habit of flowering plant, showing the coarse rhizome (S. Gonzalez 5249;
holotype).
rounded or v-shaped; upper sheath 2.4-5 cm long, tight, cylindrical, pale green or
purple, the apical margin reddish, thickened, truncate, with an erect subulate frag-
ile cusp (0.5—) 0.8-2 mm long, 0.1-0.2 mm wide at the base. Spikelets lanceoloid to
ellipsoid (ovoid when immature), 9-13 mm long, 1.8-3.5 mm thick, usually acute to
narrowly acute, less often obtuse, ca. (35—) 70-160-flowered; floral scales 1.7-2.1 mm
long, 0.8-1.2 mm wide, polystichous, appressed, narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic,
obtuse to acute, the midvein stramineous or reddish, laterally membranous, dark
purple to almost black, the margins and apex scarious, colorless, gradually translucent,
with one or two horizontal wrinkles near the apex; the two lowermost scales sterile,
the lowermost amplexicaulous, 1.8—2 mm long, 1.6-2 mm wide, the median part green
and up to 1.2 mm wide, appearing to be a continuation of the culm, the margins and
apex scarious, colorless, translucent, wrinkled, the apex 0.8-1.1 mm long, rounded to
2005 GONZALEZ-E. & REZNICEK: ELEOCHARIS IGNOTA EU:
0.5 mm
(5 mm
FIG. 2. Spikelets and achenes of Eleocharis montevidensis, E. ignota, and E. dombeyana. a-c, E.
montevidensis: a. Spikelet. b. Achene, lateral view. c. Achene, seen from above. d-f, E. ignota: d. Spikelet.
chene, lateral view. f. Ree seen from abov Spikelet. h. Achene, lateral view.
e. gi
eee seen from above. (Based on: a—c, McVaugh pas MICH; d— f Gonzdlez 5249, MICH; g—1, King
3004, MICH.)
broadly acute. Achene 0.8-1.1 (-1.3) mm long including base and tubercle, the body
0.7-1 mm long, ca. 0.6-0.8 mm wide, broadly obovate in outline, obtusely triangular or
plano-convex with the dorsal angle slightly costulate, pale yellow, finely reticulate and
striate with many rows of linear, vertical cells, sometimes appearing nearly smooth,
shiny; tubercle 0.15—0.23 mm long, 0.28-0.32 mm wide at the base, conic to deltoid,
slightly spongy, whitish or greenish, sessile or with a short constriction at the sum-
mit of the achene. Perianth of 5—7 bristles appressed to achene, somewhat recurved
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
VOLUME 24
112
TABLE |. Comparison of Eleocharis montevidensis, E. dombeyana, and E. ignota.
FE. montevidensis E. dombeyana E. ignota
Rhizomes slender, creeping slender, creeping thick, ligneous, not
Persistent bases of older
culms covering the
rhizomes and base of
umps
Cusp at apex of the
upper sheath
Size of cusp on apex
of the upper sheath
absent or
absent or
uncommonly present uncommonly present
creeping
often present
mucronulate to mucro- mucronate, firm, never subulate, scram often
nate, firm, never seti- setiform at the apex
form at the apex
0.1-0.5 (-0.9) mm long,
0.4—1.2 mm long,
0.2-0.3 mm wide at 0
2-0.3 mm wide at
base
setiform at the
(0.5—) 0.8-2 mm long,
0.1-0.2 mm wide at
base
base
narrowly ellipsoid to
ovoid to ellipsoid;
lanceoloid; acute or
ec;
Spikelets (shape) ovoid to lanceoloid,
usually obtuse; acute
Spikelets (length) 3-12 mm 4-14 mm 9-13 mm
Floral scales (apex) broadly rounded subacute to acute rounded to subacute
orange-brown to red- dark purple to almost dark purple to almost
black
Floral scales (color)
dish or dark brown black
Achene (body size) 0.7-1 mm long, 0.8-1.2 mm long, 0.7-1 mm long,
0.6—-0.8 mm wide (0.7—) 0.8 mm wide 0.6-0.8 mm wide
golden-yellow to dark yellow to brown when pale yellow
Achene (color)
rown when fully fully mature
mature
punctate-pitted or con- very finely Sra to — reticulate-striolat-
Achene (surface; 40x)
almost smo o almost smooth
spicuously reticulate
deltoid, 0.15—0.23 mm
long
mucroniform to lanceo-
Tubercle of achene
loid, 0.2-0.5 mm long
deltoid, 0.1-0.3 mm
long
translucent, colorless
Perianth bristles stramineous to pale
e€ to slightly reddish
tinged
reddish to reddish
ddish or brown brown
and quite variable in length, shorter than or slightly longer than achene, colorless or
slightly reddish tinged, translucent, retrorsely spinulose with translucent, colorless
irregular prolongations, proximally slightly flattened, on a disc ca 0.1 mm long at the
base of the achene. Style trifid. Stamens 3, filaments whitish to reddish, anthers pale
yellow, thecae 1—-1.5 mm long, the connective not prolonged.
Phenology. Flowering: May to August; fruiting: August (perhaps until November).
Distribution. Central Plateau of central-western Mexico (Durango, Jalisco,
Guanajuato, and Michoacan); locally abundant in water-filled depressions in grass-
lands with shrubs (e.g., Acacia schaffneri) on very heavy clay soils, often halophytic:
800-2200 m
saoeee one sti aie Examineb. Mexico. DuRANGo: Mpio. Stichil, Reserva de la Biosfera La Mich-
ilia,3 km al Sd Aleman, cerca de la laguna Los Anegados, 23°18'35"N, 104°10'02" W, orilla de laguna,
2190 m, 6 Aug a F. Acevedo 172 (CITDIR).—Guanasuato: 8 km al E de Yuriria, sobre la carretera
2005 GONZALEZ-E. & REZNICEK: ELEOCHARIS IGNOTA abl b)
a Salvatierra, pastizal haléfilo, 1800 m, 11 Aug 1986, J. Rzedowski 40306 (CIIDIR, IEB) Nts as
Eleocharis aff. montevidensis).—Jatisco: near Km 57, just E of the Aguascalientes state line, road fro
Ojuelos, about 13 mi W of Paso de la Troje, permanently wet depressions in level ‘grassland, 2000 m, 17 ree
1958, R. McVaugh 17041 (MICH); 40.4 km de la salida a San Juan de los Lagos por la carretera a Lagos de
Moreno, suelos htimedos y encharcados a lo largo de la carretera, 1890 m, 28 Jul 1978, R. Guzman, Puga
& Carvajal 1039 (IBUG); Campo Charro, carr. 80, entre Pegueros y Valle de Guadalupe, terreno semi-
inundado, A. Rodriguez 1287 (CHDIR, IEB).—MicHoacan: NE de Maravatio, en terreno plano, dentro
del agua, orilla de camino, potrero, 28 ifn 1986, J. Santos Martinez 1435 (CIIDIR, IEB) (distributed as
Eleocharis aff. montevidensis); Mpio. Morelia, 3 km adelante de San José Itzicuaro, rumbo a Quiroga, 2000
m, 9 Aug 1991, M. Flores-Cruz 564, A. Espejo & A. R. Lépez-Ferrari (CHDIR, UAMIZ).
Eleocharis ignota belongs to subgenus Eleocharis subseries Truncatae, a strictly
American group (Svenson 1932) strongly in need of revision. Eleocharis ignota most
closely resembles E. montevidensis; it can be separated from that species by a com-
bination of characters: rhizomes ligneous, without long internodes, not long-creep-
ing; apex of the upper sheaths truncate (versus truncate to slightly oblique), with a
longer, subulate and fragile cusp; spikelets often acute and averaging longer; paler
perianth bristles; and lighter, smoother achenes. The characters in which E. ignota
differs from E. montevidensis and E. dombeyana Kunth, another widespread member
of Eleocharis subseries Truncatae with which E. ignota can be confused, are given in
Table 1 and illustrated in Fig 2. Eleocharis dombeyana was excluded from the Flora
Novo-Galiciana (McVaugh 1993, p. 368), although Svenson had annotated a speci-
men as an anomalous form of this species; this collection (McVaugh 17041, MICH)
represents EL. ignota.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to Rogers McVaugh for first pointing out this novelty. He should have been an author
of this manuscript, but graciously deflected our attempts to convince him. An anonymous reviewer pro-
vided critical comments that helped to improve the manuscript. Figure 2 was prepared by Noel Bielaczyc.
thank Jorge A. Tena, I. Lorena Lopez E., and Abel Garcia A. for help in this study, and the curators of
the following herbaria for making specimens available: CIIDIR, ENCB, IBUG, IEB, MEXU, and MICH.
The first author also acknowledges CGPI, EDI, and COFAA of the Instituto Politécnico Nacional for
support for research.
LITERATURE CITED
comeaee He 1993. ches In Flora Novo-Galiciana, ed. R. McVaugh and W. R. Anderson, 13:
0. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Herbar
ae K. 1932. Monographic studies in the genus ee Rhodora 34: 193-227.
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 115-108. 2005.
A NEW ENDEMIC SPECIES FOR PUERTO RICO:
DENDROPHTHORA BERMEJAE (VISCACEAE)
J. Kuijt
Department of Biology
University of Victoria
Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3NS5, Canada
T. A. Carlo
Department of Ecology and Evolution
University of Colorado at Boulder
Boulder, Colorado 80309-0334
J. E. Aukema
Department of Zoology
North Carolina State University
Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
Apstracr. Dendrophthora bermejae, a species endemic to Puerto Rico, is newly described and
illustrated. This novelty is similar to D. serpyllifolia (Griseb.) from Hispaniola and Cuba. A key to the four
species now known from Puerto Rico is provided.
Dendrophthora is a neotropical genus of about 110 species (Kuijt 2000). Beyond the
Greater Antilles, it ranges from southern Mexico to Bolivia and is mostly Andean in South
America. In the Caribbean, about 32 species are recorded, with major concentrations
in Cuba and Hispaniola. Three of the Caribbean species are known from Puerto Rico.
The present contribution reports a fourth species from the Cabo Rojo region.
Dendrophthora bermejae Kuijt, Carlo & Aukema, sp. nov.—TyPe: PUERTO Rico. Cabo
Rojo: roadside, Hwy PR-302, 17°58'07.8"N, 67°08'04.09"W, on Guaiacum
officinale L., 30 m, 29 Aug 2004, T. A. Carlo & J. E. Aukema 37 (holotype:
UPR!; isotypes: LEA! MAPR! NY! UPRRP! US!). Fig. 1.
Planta glabra, plus minusve erecta, paucifolia, monoica. Inflorescentia plerumque
2-4-juga, internodiis fertilibus unisexualibus, quaque bractea fertili 3-10 flores sub-
tenenti, floribus uniseriatis. Fructus 6 x 3.5 mm, petalis erectis.
Somewhat erect, glabrous, leafy plants, internodes to 4 cm, terete, grooved when
dry; base of lateral branches and inflorescences subtended by brownish, carinate
prophylls with slightly fimbriate margins, these prophylls occasionally subtending
additional inflorescences or innovations; cataphylls absent or one small pair to 1.5
cm above the base, these often fertile. Basal foliar structures transverse. Leaves few,
to 5 cm long, to 2 cm wide, obovate, apex rounded to truncate, base tapering to an
indistinct petiole ca. 2 mm long; venation more or less palmate, with several veins
running far towards the leaf tip. Monoecious. Inflorescences both single on older
growth in axillary positions below leaves and in compound, squamate groups distal
to them, where usually composed of two or three pairs of lateral inflorescences plus
one terminal one. Individual inflorescences to 6.5 cm long, peduncle 1.5—3 cm long,
without cataphylls, followed by 3-4 somewhat flattened, uniseriate, fertile internodes, the
proximal one or two (three) female, the distal one or two male, the female internodes
115
116 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FIG. 1. Dendrophthora bermejae (the sex of female internodes is not indicated where fruits are
evident). a. Large, squamate compound inflorescence without basal cataphylls. b. Smaller compoun
inflorescence, with basal cataphylls, the three individual inflorescences subtended by foliage leaves.
c. Individual lateral inflorescence, placed below foliage leaves. d. Female fertile internode, the lower flow-
ers replaced by small inflorescences (*). (Based on: a, Carlo et al. 32, LEA; b, Carlo & Aukema 5, LEA; c,
d, Carlo et al. 33, LEA.)
with up to 8 flowers per series (16 per internode), the male internodes to 10 flowers
per series (20 per internode), the latter crowded in a groove with low, delicate parti-
tions between flowers. Fruit 6 mm long, 3.5 mm in diameter, ovoid, yellowish green,
petals erect.
2005 KUIJT, CARLO & AUKEMA: DENDROPHTHORA BERMEJAE 117
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Puerto Rico. Caso Rojo: Las Palmas, road side, PR-303 at
entrance to Pitahaya State Forest, on Guaiacum officinalis, Carlo et al. 32 (LEA), 33 (LEA), Carlo &
Aukema 5 (LEA), 38 (UPR); Las Salinas, on Guaiacum officinalis, Chardon et al. 500 (UPR); Quebrada
Caju, Liogier 36831 (UPR); Barrio Boquer6én, Pefiones de Melones, upper slopes near summit, dr
forest on limestone, 17°59.83'N, 67°10.97'W, 100 m, on Guaiacum officinale, Axelrod & Thomas 7838
(UPRRP).—Without locality: R.O. Woodbury s.n. (# 015025) (UPR).
Dendrophthora bermejae represents a remarkable endemic apparently restricted
to the southwestern Sierra Bermeja and Costa Bermeyja area, where it is presently
endangered by residential, commercial, tourist, and agricultural development. It is not
known to occur within any protected area. The species appears to be related to D. ser-
pyllifolia (Griseb.) Krug & Urb. from Hispaniola and Cuba but, aside from its much
larger general stature, is distinct in a number of important respects. Dendrophthora
serpyllifolia has leaves that rarely exceed 1 cm in length, with a mucronulate apex,
and the placement of foliage leaves is irregular. Dendrophthora bermejae, instead, has
leaves to 5 cm in length, more or less rounded at the tip. Dendrophthora serpyllifolia
also has cataphylls in several positions, especially on all vegetative laterals and on the
lowest inflorescence units of its compound ones (Kuijt 1961); D. bermejae has fewer
cataphylls. The flowers of D. serpyllifolia occur in much smaller series (2-3 flowers per
fertile bract) than in D. bermejae (to 10 flowers per fertile bract). The sex distribution
in D. serpyllifolia is uncertain but the species is probably dioecious; in any case, it
does not have the almost invariable, curious distribution of male and female flowers,
or the slightly flattened fertile internodes exhibited by the present species.
Dendrophthora bermejae shows an unusual variability in several morphological
aspects. Some inflorescences and lateral branches bear basal cataphylls, while others
do not; we have not found any regularity in this feature except that the individual
inflorescences making up a compound arrangement never seem to bear cataphylls. It
is common for inflorescences to be associated with the axils of cataphylls, a phenom-
enon not known elsewhere in Dendrophthora although known from several species
of the closely related Phoradendron (Kuijt 2003). The inflorescences of a compound
cluster may be subtended by foliage leaves or not.
In one of the collections cited (Carlo et al. 33), the lowest two flowers of a num-
ber of female fertile internodes have been replaced by small lateral inflorescences
(Fig. 1d). This is probably teratological in nature, and is also occasionally encountered
in other species of Dendrophthora and Phoradendron (see Kuijt 1959, Fig. 11c).
four species of Dendrophthora known from Puerto Rican may be distin-
guished with the following key.
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF DENDROPHTHORA IN PUERTO RICO
1. Fruits | or 2 per fertile bract; plants monoecious or dioecious.
2. Young branches with minute, glistening epidermal hairs; female flowers (1) 2 per fertile bract:
prophylls inconspicuous, not obviously fused. D. brachylepis Urb.
2. Young branches ea female flowers 1 per fertile bract; prophylls conspicuous, fused into
a compound structure. D. domingensis (Spreng.) Eichler
1. Fruits 3-8 per reps oe plants monoecious.
3. Male and female flowers intermixed; inflorescence branches often sinuous, fertile internodes
1-12 (-20) per inflorescence, flowers 5 or 6 per fertile bract; fruits eventually widely spaced
along the fertile internode. D. flagelliformis (Lam.) Krug & Urb.
3. Male and female flowers on separate internodes, the male flowers on terminal internode, the
female flowers on lower ones; inflorescence branches more or less straight; fertile internodes
3 or 4 per inflorescence, each bearing 3-10 flowers; fruits crowded on fertile internode.
D. bermejae
118 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
e authors acknowledge the financial support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
solr of Canada (JK), the National Science Foundation, USA (grant DEB-04-07826; TAC), and a David
H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship (JEA). We thank J. C Trejo and an anonymous reviewer for
oul suggestions on the manuscript.
LITERATURE CITED
Kuyt, J. 1959. A study of pee ae and inflorescence structure in Dendrophthora and Phoradendron
(Loranthaceae). Acta Bot. Neerl. 8: 506-546.
. 1961. A revision si Dendrophthora (Loranthaceae). Wentia 6: 1-145.
. 2000. An update on the genus Dendrophthora (Viscaceae). Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 122: 169-193.
. 2003. Monograph of Phoradendron (Viscaceae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 66: 1-643
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 119-126. 2005.
TYPE SPECIMENS OF VASCULAR PLANTS IN THE
HERBARIUM OF THE INSTITUTO POLITECNICO
NACIONAL IN DURANGO, MEXICO (CIIDIR)
Irma Lorena Lopez-Enriquez
M. Socorro Gonzalez-Elizondo
Martha Gonzalez-Elizondo
CIIDIR, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Apdo. postal 738
Durango, Dgo., 34000 Mexico
AssTRAcT. The type specimens in the Herbarium CHDIR of the National Polytechnic Institute
in Durango, Mexico, are listed. CUDIR is a regional collection holding more than 42,000 specimens of
vascular plants mainly from the Sierra Madre Occidental and the Chihuahuan desert of northern Mexico.
Currently 87 types are catalogued, including 9 holotypes, 77 isotypes, and 1 isoneotype.
RESUMEN. Se registran los especimenes tipo depositados en el herbario CIIDIR del Instituto Poli-
técnico Nacional en Durango, México. CIIDIR es una coleccién regional que cuenta con mas de 42,000
especimenes de plantas vasculares incluidos, principalmente de la Sierra Madre Occidental y del Desierto
Chihuahuense. Se tienen catalogados 87 tipos: 9 holotipos, 77 isotipos y 1 isoneotipo.
Herbaria are essential for documenting plant diversity and for accurate plan-
ning of actions for the sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystems.
CIIDIR is a research center for floristic and ecological studies that is part of the
National Polytechnic Institute based in Durango, Mexico. The Herbarium CIIDIR
was founded in 1981 with a focus on vascular plants. It is the first institutional her-
barium in Durango and now houses one of the largest scientific collections in north-
western Mexico. In the last 22 years the collection was moved six times within the
state of Durango and still does not have a permanent facility. The collection currently
comprises more than 42,000 sheets with ca. 8,000 additional specimens awaiting
accession. The main families represented in the herbarium are Asteraceae, Poaceae,
Leguminosae, and Cyperaceae (Lopez et al. 2001). The importance of these families
in the herbarium is indicative of the floristic composition of the state of Durango
and reflects the research interests of the curators. Most of the collections are from
the northern and central Mexico, particularly from the Sierra Madre Occidental and
the Chihuahuan Desert. The remainder includes largely material from other parts
of Mexico, as well as a lesser representation from the U.S.A. and South America. A
database of the vascular plants of the Mexican state of Durango currently contains
more than 28,000 records.
Several publications summarize the contents and importance of collections in
Mexican herbaria and their potential use in understanding the biodiversity of the
country. For example, Rzedowski (1976), and Arreguin and Valenzuela (1986) have
published catalogues of the herbaria in Mexico, and Davila and German (1991)
described in more detail the collections in the National Herbarium of Mexico. Shet-
ler (1973) addressed the importance of recording information about type specimens.
More recently, CONABIO (The Mexican Agency of the Understanding and Use of
Biodiversity) has made available electronic catalogues that include lists of Mexican
119
120 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
/ t+ lA re I
herbaria (http: / www conabio. gob.mx/infot
conabio go mx/info1
html; http://www.
html], taxonomic experts
[http: liww bio.gob.mx/inf ion/acttax/doctos/direct html], and taxonomic
authorities [http://ww bio.gob.mx/inf ion/acttax/doct html]
Information about type specimens deposited in Mexican herbaria is still scarce
(Arreguin et al. 1996). In the Appendix we present data from the type specimens
housed in the Herbarium CHDIR as of August, 2003. The collection data are pre-
sented as complete as possible, and the names of authors follow Villasenor (2001),
based on Brummitt and Powell (1992). The Herbarium CIIDIR has cataloged 87
types, including 9 holotypes, 77 isotypes, and 1 isoneotype. More than one third of
the taxa represented belong to the Asteraceae (32), and 13 belong to Cyperaceae. In
addition, the Herbarium CIIDIR houses at least 78 paratypes, as well as many pho-
tographs of types and many specimens collected in type localities (topotypes).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank professors J. Rzedowski and G. Rzedowski (IEB), and the staff at the herbaria of athe
University of Texas at Austin and of the University of Michigan for literature donated to CIIDIR. Pro-
fessor Rzedowski has enriched the collections at CIIDIR with a large number of type specimens sent in
exchange. We also acknowledge Jorge A. Tena and Sandra Tena-Gonzalez for their comments on a draft
of the manuscript, and Jose Panero for his review. We are grateful to CGPI, EDI, and COFAA of the
~ Instituto Politécnico Nacional for their support of our research.
LITERATURE CITED
Arreguin, M. L., and R. Valenzuela. 1986. Segundo catdlogo de los herbarios institucionales Mexicanos. 143
pp. México, D.F: Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México
Arreguin Sanchez, M. L., R. Fernandez, and A. Rodriguez. 1996. Cat talogo de los ejemplares tipo de plantas
vasculares del Herbario de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biolégicas (ENCB), del Instituto Poli-
técnico Nacional, México. Polibotanica 3: 18-81.
Arreguin Sanchez, M. L., R. Fernandez N., A. Rodriguez J.,and C. Rodriguez J. 1998. Catalogo ilustrado de
ejemplares tipo del estado de Jalisco depositados en el Herbario de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias
Biol6gicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Boletin IBUG 5(1-3): ae 341.
Brummitt, R.K. and C. E. Powell (eds.). 1992. Authors of plant names. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens.
Davila, P., and M. T. German. 1991. Colecciones biolégicas nacionales aa Instiuto de Biologia. 122 pp.
Herbario Nacional de México. Daivetiaae Nacional Autonoma de M
aa oo R.,and R. Lira. 1991. Catalog | npla tipo del Herbario Nacional de oe (MEXU).
1. Cript6gamas y Paani An. Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. Autén. Méx. Ser. Bot. 61(2): 45-63.
L6pez Enriquez, I. L., M. 8. Gonzalez Bere - Gonzalez Elizondo, and J. A. Tena ae 2001. El
Herbario CHIDIR. Bol. Amaranto 14(2): 1
Martinez Gonzalez, BR. B.1995 ["1993"]. La . de los ejemplares tipo del Herbario IBUG, Univer-
de Guadalajara, México. Boletin IBUG 1(6): 449-459
Reson J. 1976. Primer catalogo de herbarios institucionales Mexicanos. 45 pp. México, D.F.: Sociedad
Botanica de Méx
Shetler, A G. 1973. An adios to the Botanical Type Specimen Register. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot.
12: 1-186.
Villasenor, J. L. 2001. Catalogo de autores de plantas vasculares de México. 40 pp. México, D.F.: Universidad
Nacional Autonoma de México-CONABIO.
2005 LOPEZ-E., GONZALEZ-E., AND GONZALEZ-E.: TYPES IN CIDIR iat
APPENDIX
Type SPECIMENS IN THE HERBARIUM OF THE
INSTITUTO POLITECNICO NACIONAL IN DURANGO, MEXxIco (CHDIR)
ASTERACEAE
Acourtia acevedoi M. Gonzalez-Elizondo, , Phytologia 61: 117. 1986. [=Acourtia macrocephala Sch. Bip. ex
S —Mexico. DuRANGo: Mpio. Vicente Guerrero, Rincon de las Mulas, 3 Km al SW de San Isidro,
CG: m, 16 Feb 1985, S. Acevedo 163.—Hotorype; Isoryp
Acourtia wislizenii (A. Gray) Reveal & R. M. King var. subscaposa B. L. Turner, Phytologia 74: 409.
—Mexico. Duranco: Mpio. El Mezquital, 1.5 km de Los Charcos, 2650 m, 21 Sep 1982, R.
Fernandez N. 1161.—Isoryre.
\O
\o
eS)
Ageratina acevedoana B. L. Turner, Phytologia 75: 402. 1993.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. Canelas, 10 km
Canelas, eee el camino a Santiago Papasquiaro, 1060 m, 10 Mar 1987, S. Acevedo & D. Bayona
190. ane
Ageratina gonzalezorum B. L. Turner, Phytologia 58: 498. 1985.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. El a ee
km de Los Charcos, por el camino a Sta. Ma. Ocotan, 2400 m, 5 Oct 1983, §. Gonzdlez & M
Gonzalez 2558.—IsoryPe.
Aster moranensis var. turneri S. D. Sundb. & Jones, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 113: 173. 1986.—Mexico. DURANGO:
Mpio. El Mezquital, W de Santa Ma. de Ocotdan, a lo largo de margenes de arroyo, 16 Oct 1984, M.
Gonzalez 1518 & §. Acevedo.—Isory
Axiniphyllum durangense B. L. Turner, Madrono 34: 165. 1987.—Mexico. DurRANGo: Mpio. El Mezquital,
alrededores de Platano Tatemado (a 12 km de La Guajolota), en margenes de arroyo, en ciénaga, 12
Sep 1985, /. Solis 294.—Isoryre.
Erigeron basaseachensis G. L. Nesom, Phytologia 66: 426. 1989.—Mexico. CHIHUAHUA: Mpio. Ocampo,
La Cascada of Basaseachic at the confluence of Rio Candamena and Rio Durazno, ca. 2 mi
S of village of Basaseachic, 28°02'N, 107°55'W, 2000-2100 m, 18 Aug 1984, G. L. Nesom S089 with P.
Lewis.—IsoryPe.
ee Gene Se G. L. Nesom, eas 66: 428. 1989_—Mexico. CHIHUAHUA: Mpio. Guadalupe y
o, NW side of Cerro Mohin ca. 12.5 mi SW of Guadalupe y Calvo, past turnoff to peak,
Reigns on road toward saan "36°00" N, 107°03'W, 2470 m, 21 Aug 1988, G. L. Nesom 6483a with
A. McDonald.—Isory?e.
Erigeron coroniglandifer G. L. Nesom, Phytologia 66: 432. 1989.—Mexico. CuiHuAHUua: Mpio. Guadalupe y
Calvo, 78.9 km SW of El Vergel on road to Guadalupe y Calvo, ca. 212 km SSW of Hidalgo del Parral
ca. 1.3 km S of bridge in Turuachi, W-facing side of deep, N-S trending canyon, 26°09'N, 106°44'W,
2050 m, 28 Aug 1983, G. L. Nesom 4964.—IsoTyPE.
Erigeron Res L. Nesom, Phytologia 69: 248. 1990.—Mexico. CHIHUAHUA: Mpio. Cuauhtémoc, 17.6
km W of Cuauhtémoc on Hwy 16, 7200 ft, 23 Aug 1981, G. L. Nesom 4477.—Isoryre.
ages zacatensis G. L. Nesom, Phytologia 69: 247. 1990.— co. Z a.2 mi W of Sombrerete
wy 45, at crest of hill overlooking town, 8200 ft, | re 1981, G. L. oe 4423 —ISOTYPE.
tr pt B. L. Turner, Southw. Naturalist 17: 183. 1972.—Mexico. CoAHuILa: Estacion Hermanas,
, growing in pure gypseous soil, 11 Apr 1970, B. L. Turner 6023.—Isoryp
oe thiniicola Rzed. & E. Ezcurra, Ci. Interamer. 26: 16. 1986. [=Heterotheca thiniicola (Rzed.
& E. Ezcurra) B. L. Turner]|—Mexico. Sonora: Mpio. Puerto Pefiasco, Gran Desierto de Altar, 8 km
NE de la estacién Gustavo Sotelo, dunas de arena parabdlicas, semi-méviles, 17 Dec 1984, E. Ezcurra
84001.—IsoryPe.
Isocoma tomentosa G. L. Nesom, Phytologia 70: 109. 1991.—Mexico. CHIHUAHUA: Bafios de San Diego,
1.8 Km E of San Diego de Alcala, ca. 16 Km NE of jct. of local road with Hwy 45 (the jet. 19.5 km
SE of Cd. Chihuahua), gypseous area of hot springs and small streams flowing into salt flats, small
hills of ee atau 28°36'N, L05°31L'W, ca. 1200 m, 14 Oct 1986. G. L. Nesom 5478 with L.
Vorobik.—Iso
Jaegueria glabra B. L. Rob. var. nana B. L. Turner, Phytologia 55: 248. 1984.—Mexico. CHiHuAHUA: 5 km NE
of El Vergel on Hwy 24 toward Parral, aquatic, abundant in water of roadside ditches and permanent
pools beside road and edge of woods, area of pine-oak-madronio, 9000 ft, 21 Aug 1981, G. L. Nesom
4472.—Isory
ize CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Laennnecia ee G. L. Nesom, Phytologia 73: 267. 1992.—Mexico. DURANGO: eee ee ca.
W of Vicente Guerrero on road to Las Margaritas, on the Reserva de la era “La
Michilfa,” on carne south slope of Cerro Blanco, 2590 m, 23 Jul 1990, R. ee un S.
Gonzalez E.—Isory
ne ue de B. L. Turner, Phytologia 63: 307. 1987. [= ee gonzalezae (B. L. Turner) B. L.
rner]|—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. El Mezquital, 20 km a Guajolota, por el camino a San Feo.
saa 7440 n m, 14 Nov 1985, M. Gonzélez & al. 1882. ae.
Senecio gesnerifolius B. L. Turner, Phytologia 62: 75. 1987.—Mexico. DuRANGo: Mpio. El Mezquital,
m de La Guajolota por el camino a Platanitos, 2610 m, 15 Mar 1985, M. Gonzalez & al.
1677.—ISOTYPE.
Senecio Ce B. L. Turner, Phytologia 57: 377. 1985.—Mexico. DuRANGo: Mpio. El] Mezquital, 3 km
e Sta. Maria de Ocotan, 17 Oct 1984, M. Gonzalez & S. Acevedo 1558.—IsoryPe.
Tridax id nt Garcia Arév., Acta Bot. Mex. 12: 9. 1990.—Mexico. DuRANGo: Mpio. El Mezquital,
a 4km de Candelarita Chico, 21 Aug 1988, /. aes 958.—HOoLo
Verbesina aan B. L. Turner, Phytologia 60(4): 254. 1986.—Mexico. DURANGO: Mpio. El Mezquital,
alrededores de La Guajolota, 16 Aug 1985, /. Solis 229.—IsoryPe.
aur Ingophie Panero & Villasefior, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 181. 1993—Mexico. DURANGO:
anelas on road to Santiago Papasquiaro. 2180 m, 28 Aug 1991, /. L. Panero 2253, S.
eer S. Acevedo.—ISOrTyPE.
Verbesina nayaritensis B. L. Turner, Phytologia 63: 10. 1987.—Meexico. Nayarit: Mpio. Huajicori, 2 km del
Rancho de Los Sauces, 8 Nov 1985, /. Solis 560.—IsoryPE
baal ee sees & Villasefior, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 186. 1993.—Mexico.
NGo: 93 km NW of Canatlan on road to Santiago Papasquiaro. 2170 m, 31 Aug 1991, /. L. Panero
ee S. Gonzalez, me S, Acevedo.—IsoryPe.
Viguiera huajicoria B. L. Turner, Phytologia 72: 55. 1992.—Mexico. Nayarit: Mpio. Huajicori, 2 km del
Rancho de los Sauces, 3 Nov 1985, /. Solis 556.
Viguiera se S. dune M. Gonzalez-Elizondo & Rzed., Acta Bot. Mex. 53: 39. 2000.—Mex
Dura Mpio eo, Las Animas, + | km al NE, sobre la carretera a Nazas, 25°08' 36°N
104°25' 5o"W. one m, ae Aug 1997, S. Goi 5907, M. Gonzalez & S. Acevedo.—IsoryPe.
see so be S. Gonzalez, M. Gonzalez-Elizondo & Rzed., Acta Bot. Mex. 53: 37. 2000.—Mex-
nco: Mpio. Rodeo, Las Animas +1 km al NE, sobre la carretera a Nazas, 25°8'36"N,
104°95' 50 W, 1340 m, 5 Aug 1997, S. Gonzdlez 5909, M. Gonzalez & S. Acevedo.—Isory?e.
Wedelia gonzaleziarum B. L. Turner (as gonzalezorum). Phytologia 65: 349. 1988.—Mexico. DURANGO:
Mpio. El Mezquital, al W de Sta. Maria Ocotan, 16 Oct 1984, M. Gonzalez 1525 with S. Acevedo.—
ISOTYPE.
BURSERACEAE
Bursera laurihuertae Rzed. & Calderén, Acta Bot. Mex. 52:75. 2000.—Mexico. Oaxaca: Mpio. Totolapan,
3 km al NE de San Juan Guegoyache, 950 m, 9 Aug 1976,./. Rzedowski 34383.—IsoryPE
Bursera medranoana Rzed. & E. Ortiz, Acta Bot. Mex. 1: 17. 1988.—Mexico. Hipatco: Mpio. Cardonal,
fon e la Barranca de Tolantongo, 1300 m, 30 May 1984, J. ae 38401a.—ISoryPe.
Bursera patios Rzed. & Calder6n, Acta Bot. Mex. 50: 47. 2000.—Mexico. JALisco: Mpio. La Huerta,
Est n de Biologia Chamela, cerca de Chamela, 100 m, 26 Jul 1982, /. Rzedowski 37882.—IsoryPe.
Bursera ribana Rzed. & Calderén, Acta Bot. Mex. 50: 51. 2000.—Mexico. JaLisco: Mpio ee ie 6 km al
S de Tomatlan, sobre la carretera a La Cumbre, 50 m, 27 Jul 1982, /. Rzedowski 37886.—IsoryPe.
Bursera vazquezyanesii Rzed. & Calderén, Acta Bot. Mex. 50: 55. 2000.—Mexico. JALisco: Mpio. Cabo
Corrientes, 14 km al W de El Tuito, sobre el camino a Llano Grande de Ipala, 500 m, 27 Jul 1982,
J. Rzedowski 37888.—ISorvyPe.
CAMPANULACEAE
Lobelia flexicaulis Rzed. & Calder6n, Acta Bot. Mex. 55: 35. 2001.—Mexico. GUERRERO: Mpio. Taxco, 7 km
a E de Tetipac, sobre el camino a Taxco, 2100 m, 18 Nov 2000, J. Rzedowski 53779.—2 IsoryPeEs.
2005 LOPEZ-E., GONZALEZ-E., AND GONZALEZ-E.: TYPES IN CIIDIR 123
Lobelia orientalis Rzed. & Calder6n, Acta Bot. Mex. 40: 62. 1997.—Mexico. QUERETARO: Mpio. Landa,
Llano Chiquito, 21°23'N, 99°06'W, 2000 m, 1-2 Apr 1997, S. Zamudio & E. Carranza 10200.—Isoryee.
COMMELINACEAE
Commelina nivea Lopez-Ferrari, Espejo & Ceja, Acta Bot. Mex. 41: 10. 1997.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio.
Pueblo Nuevo, 20 km después de El Salto, rumbo a Mazatlan, 23°44'32"N 105°30'13" W, 2730 m, 7
Aug 1996, A. Espejo 5458, A. R. Lopez-Ferrari, J. Ceja & A. Mendoza R.—Isoryre.
Commelina socorrogonzaleziae Espejo & L6pez-Ferrari, Sida 15: 441. 1993.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. El
Salto [Pueblo Nuevo], 2 km después de Coyotes, sobre la desviacién a San Miguel de Cruces, llanos
inundables, 2420 m, 28 Jul 1991, M. Flores Cruz (502), A. Espejo & A. R. Lépez Ferrari.—IsoryPe
CONVALLARIACEAE
Maianthemum mexicanum Garcia Arév., Acta Bot. Mex. 17: 19. 1992.—Mexico. Duranco: Mpio. Durango,
Predio Las Bayas de la UJED, Arroyo La Tecolota, 2800 m, 16 Jul 1991, A. Garcia 1008 with S. Ace-
edo.—Ho ory Pe; IsoryPe
CONVOLVULACEAE
Ipomoea rzedowskii E. Carranza, Zamudio & G. Murguia, Acta Bot. Mex. 45: 32. 1998.—Mexico. HIpALGo
Yethay, Mpio. Zimapan, 1700 m, 19 Aug 1996, S. Zamudio 9970 & E. Pérez C.—Isoryt
CRASSULACEAE
Sedum clausenii E. Pérez-Calix, Acta Bot. Mex. 43: 1. 1998.—Mexico. GUANAJUATO: Mpio. Victoria, 3.5
k e Joya Fria, camino a Puerto de ae 2380 m, 25 Abr. 1997, E. Pérez C. 3615 & E. Car-
ranza.—ISOTyPE.
CYPERACEAE
ae boliviensis ae Ceraeaus Reznicek & S. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 23: 342. 2001.—
xico Mpio. Durango, aprox. 61 km al S de Durango, one el camino a La Flor, 2670 m,
i Tal 1990, ‘. ee 4461 with A. Garcia & S. Acevedo.—Ho
dass dies subsp. tropicalis Reznicek & S. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 23: 344.
—Mexico, Cuiapas: Mpio. Larrainzar, along road between San Andrés Larrainzar and Puerto
a 16°55'04"N, 92°45'34"W, 12 Jul 1997, S. Gonzalez, A. A. Reznicek 10515, M. Gonzdlez & M.
Pinedo.—IsoryPe.
Carex a Reznicek & S. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 22: 121. 1999.—Mexico. Cui-
: Mpio. Tenejapa, ca. | km S of Tenejapa, (Km 26.7) along road to San Cristébal de las Casas,
16°40" 03"N, 92°30'08" W, 2100 m, 10 Jul 1997, S. Gonzalez, A. A. Reznicek 10472, M. Gonzalez & M.
Pinedo.—IsoryPe.
Carex longiligula Reznicek & S. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 23: 333. 2001.—Mexico. Cui-
Apas: Mpio. Tenejapa, along the road to Matzam, 2.3 km from the jct. with the San Cristdbal de las
Casas—Tenejapa road, in marsh along a small, clear stream, 16°46'51"N, 92°32’01" W, 2400 m, 11 Jul
1997. §. Gonzalez, A. A. Reznicek 10506, M. Gonzalez & M. Pinedo.—Isoryre.
Carex ed ia Reznicek & S. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 21: 294. 1997. seine QUERE-
pio. Landa de Mat ros, ca. 2 km SW of Pinal de Amoles on road (Hwy 120) to San
Juan del Rio, 21°07'47"N, eae 02" W, 2700 m, 15 Jul 1996, S. Gonzdlez, A. A. pate 10293, M
Pinedo.—Isoryre.
Carex fete ila Reznicek & S$. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 21: 291. 1997.—Mexico. QUERE-
anda de Matamoros, Ca. 7.5 (air) km SW of El Lobo (Km 226) on road (Hyw 120) to
an, eee E] Lobo and Landa, 21°15'50” N, 99°10'13" W, 1590-1600 m, 14 Jul 1996.8. Gonzalez,
A. Reznicek 10284, M. Pinedo.—Isoryp
Carex rzedowskii Reznicek & S. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 20: 218. 1995.—Mexico. MicHo-
ACAN: Mpio. Morelia, alrededores de Loma Caliente, préxima a Umécuaro, lugares pantanosos, 2200
m, 27 Nov 1991, /. Rzedowski 51352.—IsoryPe.
124 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Carex ie ace Reznicek & §. Gonzalez, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 22: 121. 1999.—Mexico, CuI-
S: enejapa, ca. | km S of Tenejapa (Km 26.7) along road to San Cristobal de las Casas,
16°49'03" 92°30'08" W, 2100 m, 10 Jul 1997, 8. Gonzdlez, A. A. Reznicek 10467, M. Gonzalez & M.
Pinedo.—IsoryPe.
Eleocharis canindeyuensis F. Mereles & S. Gonzalez, Candollea 58: 75. 2003.—Paraguay. CANENDEYU:
E of Katueté, isolated pond in middle of cultivated field, 24°15'S, 65°40'W, 15 Feb 1984, W.
Hahn 2069.—IsoryPe.
Eleocharis debilis f. anomala S. Gonzalez & Reznicek, Novon 6(4): 358. 1996.—Venezuela. AMAZONAS:
Atabapo, Salto Yureba, Cerro Yureba, lower Ventuari, riverbank, 04°03'N, 66°01'W, 350 m, 14 Mar
1985, R. L. Liesner 18670.—Isor
Eleocharis montevidensis f. angustior 8. Gonzalez & McVaugh, Flora Novo-Galiciana 13: 362. 1993.—Mex-
ALISCO! m de Lagos de Moreno, por la carretera a Guadalajara, en charcos, 12 Aug 1992, S.
Corues 5249, A. Garcia & L. L6pez.—Hovoryre.
Eleocharis rzedowskii S. Gonzalez, Phytologia 57: 381. 1985.—Mexico. Nuevo Leon: Mpio. Galeana,
Laguna de Labradores, a orilla de laguna, 29 Aug 1984, S. Gonzalez & J. Tena 2946.—HOLoryPe.
Eleocharis svensoniana S. Gonzalez, Phytologia 57: 383. 1985.—Mexico. DuRANGo: Mpio. El Mezquital,
31 km de La cd og orilla de estanque, 2000 m, 8 Oct 1983, $. Gonzalez 2696, M. Gonzalez & S.
Acevedo.—HoLo
EBENACEAE
Diospyros xolocotzii Madrigal & Rzed., Acta Bot. Mex. 1: 3. 1988.—Mexico. MicHoacan: Mpio. Morelia,
Mintzita, 1930 m, 15 Apr 1987, X. Madrigal Sanchez 4245.—Isorye.
ERICACEAE
Arbutus La S. Gonzalez, Acta Bot. Mex. 17: 8. 1992.—_Mexico. DURANGO: Pico La Grulla, predio
B
JED), 95 km al S de la Cd. de Durango, 2650 m, 15 Jul 1991, $. Gonzalez 4577, A. Garcia
S. Ace cere YPE.
EUPHORBIACEAE
Sebastiania cornuta McVaugh, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 20: 205. 1995.—Mexico. DURANGO: Mpio.
Otdez, Otdez, frente al rancho La Lechuguilla, 1270-1700 m, 25 Jul 1990, FE. Guizar N. 2347—IsoryPe
FABACEAE
Astragalus eda Villarreal & E. Carranza, Brittonia 46: 335. 1994.—Mexico. CoanulLa: Estacion de
Microondas Vega, 8 km W de Saltillo, Carr. 40, 25°26'N, 101°06'W, 1800 m, 2 Jun 1992, J. A. Villarreal
6644, M.A. Carranza, D.E. Lozano & S. Rik epee
Mimosa setuliseta Villarreal, ete Bot. Mex. 20: 45. 1992.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. Lerdo, Sierra del
osario, camino a la estacién de microondas a. carr. 49, 30 km al SE de Lerdo, 1750-1800 m,
9 Nov 1990, J. A. hee 5790 & M.A. Carranza.—IsoryPeE.
FAGACEAE
Quercus oe Spellenb., Amer. J. Bot. 79: 1200. 1992.—Mexico. CuinuAnHua: Mpio. Ocampo, Parque
N a Cascada de Basaseachic, 108°12'W, 28°13'N, ca. 1800 m, 22 Jun 1989, R. Spellenberg
9821, W. oe J. Zimmerman.—IsoryPe.
=]
=
GENTIANACEAE
Gentianella canosoi G. L. Nesom & B. L. Turner, Sida 14: 227. 1990.—Meexico, DURANGO: Mpio. Pueblo
Nue ededores de El Salto, 2700 m, 4 Oct 1981, S. Gonzalez & S, Acevedo 2053,—ISOTYPE.
Gentiana durangensis Villarreal, Acta Bot. Mex. 34: 49. 1996.—Mexico. DURANGo: Mpio. Canelas, Canelas,
28.5 km por el camino a Durango. 2650 m, 6 Oct 1985, 8. Gonzalez 3464.—IsoryPe.
2005 LOPEZ-E., GONZALEZ-E., AND GONZALEZ-E.: TYPES IN CIIDIR 125
Gentianella bsp. durangensis Villarreal, Sida 17: 111. 1996.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. Cane-
las, Canelas, 28. 5 km por el camino a Durango, 2650 m, 6 Oct 1985, S. Gonzalez 3446, M. Gonzalez
& Y. Herrera.—IsoryPe.
IRIDACEAE
Nemastylis ae ae Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 423. 1910. [=Sessilanthera latifolia oon
Molse den]—Mexico. Guerrero: hills near Iguala, 3000 ft, 29 July 1907, C. G. Prin
10391 eee
Sisyrinchium arguellesiae Ceja, Espejo & Lopez-Ferrari, Acta Bot. Mex. 44: 88. 1998.—Mexico. QUERETARO:
1 km al SW de Pinal de Amoles, sobre la carretera a Vizarr6n, 2500 m, 15 Mar 1987, J. Rzedowski
42685.—ISOTYPE.
me ae ee pera Espejo, Lopez-Ferrari & Ceja, Acta Bot. Mex. 45: 44. 1998.—Mexico. SAN
uis Potosi: Mpio.Villa Juarez, cerros entre Guaxacama y Buenavista, suelo yesoso y pedregoso,
se 12 nN, 100°17'03" W, 1290 m, 15 Nov 1997, J. Ceja 622, A. Espejo, A. R. Lopez Ferrari & A.
Mendoza R.—IsotTyPE
Tigridia estelae L6pez-Ferrari & Espejo, Novon 4: 386. 1994.—Mexico. DURANGO: Mpio. Pueblo Nuevo,
El Madroao, carretera El Salto—Mazatlan, 2350 m, 29 Jul 199, A.R. Lopez Ferrari 1520, A. Espejo &
M. ao IsOTyPES.
LAMIACEAE
Cunila crenata Garcia-Pefia & Tenorio, Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. Aut6n. México, Ser. Bot. 68(1): 1.
1997.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. Topia, Topia, 1450-1800 m, 19 Sep 1985, P. Tenorio L. 9809, C.
Romero de T., J. Ignacio S. & P. Davila.—IsoryPe.
Hedeoma quinquenervata Bartlett, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 634. 1909. [=Hedeoma costatum Gray var.
irre ial Nuevo Leon: Sierra Madre above Monterrey, 3000 ft, 9 Apr 1906, C. G. Pringle
10241 —Isor
sis Oo herrerana Rzed. & Calderon, Acta Bot. Mex. 3: 2. 1988.—Mexico. H1patco: ee Epazoyucan,
S de El Guajolote, 2800 m, 25 Aug 1984, J. Rzedowski 38464.—Iso
ee vulnerabilis Rzed., Acta Bot. Mex. 3: 3. 1988.—Mexico. Nuevo LEON: a Galeana, Cima del
Cerro Potosi, 3460 m, 7 Jul 1987, §. Gonzalez 4029.—IsorTyPE.
LENTIBULARIACEAE
Sa gracilis Zamudio, Acta Bot. Mex. 3: 25. 1988.—Mexico. Nuevo Leon: Mpio. sium ladera
erro de las Mitras, 1450 m, 19 Feb 1987, 8. Zamudio & S. Gonzalez 5184.—IsoryPe
anon moranensis var. neovolcanica Zamudio, Acta Bot. Mex. 49: 27. 1999.—Mexico. H1patco:
Mpio. Real del Monte, Barrio Escobar, cerca de la antigua mina de Moran, 2500 m, 17 Aug 1993,
S. Zamudio R. 9144,—Iso
sa ie ia takakii Zamudio & Rzed., Phytologia 60: 260. 1986.—Mexico. SAN Luis Potosi: Mpio. Villa
Ju nas de Guascamé, 2 km al SE de Buenavista. 1400 m, ladera yesosa. 18 Dec 1980, S. Zamu-
dio R peereenae
ONAGRACEAE
Megacorax gracielanus §. Gonzalez & W. L. Wagner, Novon 12: 361. 2002.—Mexico. DuRANGo: Nuevo
Ideal, Sierra de Coneto, al N de Dr. Castillo del Valle, por el camino a Ignacio ela 25°05'11.9N,
104°57'10" W, 2210 m, 5 Nov 2001, S. Acevedo, L. Lépez & S. Gonzalez 1352.—Isor
ORCHIDACEAE
Bletia greenwoodiana Sosa, Brittonia 46: 208. f 1. 1994.—Mexico. DURANGO: Mpio. El Mezquital, 22 km al
S de Charcos, camino a Sta. Maria Ocotan. 2250 m, 6 Oct 1983, R. Fernandez N. 1847.—IsoryPe.
Liparis volcanica R. Gonzdlez-Tamayo & Zamudio, Acta Bot. Mex. 23: 60-64. 1993.—Mexico. MICHOACAN:
Mpio. Uruapan, 2 km al N de Caltzontzin, 1700 m, 2 Sep 1991, E. Pérez 2594 & S. Zamudio.—IsoryPE
126 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
POACEAE
Muhlenbergia aguascalientensis Y. Herrera & De la Cerda, Novon 5: 278. 1995.—Mexico. AGUASCALIENTES:
Mpio. San José de Gracia, NW of Aguascalientes, 12 km NW from La Congoja, Playa Mariqui-
tas, Monte Grande de la Sierra Fria, 22°15°6.7"N, 102°37°'24.9"W, 2850 m, 8 Nov 1986, G. Garcia
2801.—IsoryPe.
Muhlenbergia durangensis Y. Herrera, Phytologia 63: 457. 1987.—Mexico. DuRANGo: Mpio. El Mezquital,
32 km de Los Charcos, por el camino a La Guajolota, 2040 m, 15 Mar 1985, M. Gonzalez et al.
1659.—HOovoryre.
Muhlenbegia michisensis Y. Herrera & Peterson, Novon 2: 117. 1992.—Mexico. DuRANGO: Mpio. Stchil,
ho Las Escobas, San Juan de Michis, 20 Sep 1989, Y. Herrera 986 & S. Acevedo.—HOo.oryre.
RUBIACEAE
Elaeagia uxpanapensis Lorence, Bol. Soc. Bot. Mex. 45: 65. 1983.—Mexico. Oaxaca: Mpio. Matias
Romero, 2 kma del Aserradero La Floresta, sobre camino al Rio Verde, 15 km al S de Esmer-
alda, 17°03'N, 94°47'W, 250 m, 25 May 1981, T. Wendt 3299, S§. Koch, A. Villalobos, J. Garcia et al.
—2 IsoryPeEs.
SALICACEAE
Populus Ce ad ee A. Vazquez & Cuevas, Acta Bot. Mex. 8: 39. 1989.—Mexico. JALisco: Mpio.
miro Castillo, 1-2 km al NE de Casimiro Castillo, 19°37'20"N, 104°25'15" W, 400-500 m, 4 Oct
I 088, R. Cuevas & L. Guzman 3224.—Isoryre.
SCROPHULARIACEAE
Castilleja chlorosceptron G. L. Nesom, Phytologia 73: 137. 1992.—Mexico. DurANGo: Mpio. Canelas, on the
d to Topia and Canelas, 6 km E of Canelas, 30 km E of junction of this road with road to Topia (at
Cuevecillas), 1770 m, 29 Jun 1992, R. Spellenberg 11059 & J. Bacon.—Isoryre.
Castilleja gonzalezae G. L. Nesom, Phytologia 76: 465. 1994.—Mexico. DURANGO: Mpio. El Mezquital, 33
a Guajolota, por el camino a Platanitos, 2220 m, 16 Mar 1985, M. Gonzdlez 1693.—Isoryrr.
Mimulus minutiflorus Vickery, Madronio 4: 392. 1997.—Mexico. DuRANGo: Km 165.5 in Mexico Hwy 40, in
ephemerally moist, sunny areas, 2220 m, 12 May 1976, R. K. Vickery, Jr. 2901.—Isoryre.
Mimulus yecorensis Vickery, Madrono 4: 391. 1997.—Mexico. Sonora: 17 km E of Yecora on Mexico Hwy
16, on mossy banks of small stream in the pine forest, 26 Apr 1982, D. A. Polhemos s.n.—Isoryre.
SYMPLOCACEAE
ice citrea Lex. in La Llave & Lex., Nov Veg. Descr. 1: 22. 1824.—Mexico. MICHOACAN: Mpio.
ia, Ichaqueo, H. Diaz eh 7260.—IsoneoryPe. [Neotype designated by Diaz-Barriga and
Chézaro, Acta Bot. Mex. 23: 43. 1993.]
THYMELAEACEAE
Dirca mexicana G. L. Nesom & Mayfield, Sida 16: 459, 1995.—Mexico. TAMAULIPAS: Mpio. Hidalgo, along
oad from Sta. Engracia (Tamps.) to Dulces Nombre (N. Le6n), Arroyo Oscuro, 2.0 road mi NE
of Los son toward Canada El Mimbre, 15.0 road mi W of lowermost crossing of arroyo El
Mimbre, 23°59'09"N, 99°28'37" W, ca. 1800 m, 3 Mar 1995, G. L. Nesom 7863 with M. Mayfield, G.
A Rae YPE.
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 127-171. 2005.
MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892
Rogers McVaugh
Herbarium, University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3280
Asstracr. Marcus E. Jones was a recognized expert on the Flora of the western part of the United
States, and a self-taught geologist, when in 1892 he was commissioned to travel on the Pacific side of
Mexico, to look into potential sites for the exploitation of minerals and the possibility of building new
railroads to those sites. In his spare time, from mid-April until mid-July, he collected herbarium specimens
to a total of about 750 gatherings in several duplicate sets. His collection as a whole is important because
he was the first botanist to gather significant samples from a series of localities in south-central Jalisco
and adjacent Colima. The primary set of specimens, those from Jones’s private herbarium, now housed at
Rancho Santa Ana (RSA-POM), have been somewhat neglected by contemporary specialists.
INTRODUCTION
Marcus Eugene Jones (1852-1934) was a brilliant, opinionated, controversial,
careless, and difficult man who, in the words of his biographer Lee W. Lenz (1986),
“above all else [he] was a superb field botanist who traveled over more of the West
and for a longer period of time than any other botanist of his day, bridging the eras
of travel with a team and wagon and that of the model-T Ford.” The following sum-
mation is also from Lenz (1986, p. 199):
“To understand Marcus Jones it is necessary to recognize certain facts: he
abhorred pretension, deception and pomposity, and was strictly truthful as he under-
stood the matter. To him everything was right or wrong, black or white, true or false,
there was no place in his life for shades of gray and he had little use for the views of
others with whom he disagreed. He was also prone to exaggeration and was given to
making sweeping and sometimes unguarded statements, often expressing himself in
an unnecessarily crude or caustic manner.”
EARLY INTEREST IN BOTANY
Jones was interested in plants from the time of his childhood in Iowa. He
attended Iowa College (later Grinnell College), where he became proficient in Latin
and probably (Lenz 1986, pp. 16, 17) took the classical course of study, which included
English, Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, and Anglo-Saxon, as well as geography, mathematics,
and “natural philosophy.” He graduated in 1875 and continued his studies, concen-
trating on Latin, until 1878, when he was awarded the degree of Master of Arts.
While he was in college, Jones began in earnest to collect the local plants in
quantity and support himself at least in part by selling sets of duplicate herbarium
specimens. By 1878 he was offering sets of 500 species of Iowa plants, which he sold
for twenty dollars per set. In the summer of 1878 he moved his base of operations to
Colorado, and at about the same time he established an arrangement with an Aus-
trian, Karl Keck, who wanted sets of Western plants to sell in Europe. Jones returned
to Grinnell in October, reportedly (Lenz 1986, p. 24) with 40,000 specimens, and spent
the winter identifying his specimens and making up sets to send to Keck.
127
128 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
For the next few years Jones continued his plant-collecting (along with other
activities) in the western States, particularly in Utah, Nevada, California, and Arizona,
and also in Baja California. Beyond botany, as early as 1884 his writings began to
reflect a concern about the economic development of Utah Territory and the geologic
implications of this (Lenz 1986, p. 70). His geological expertise evidently continued
to increase, as by 1888 he was being consulted about the validity of mining claims in
Utah. He was consulted by the Territorial governors of Utah and Arizona on matters
relating to the water supply and the reclamation of arid lands, and increasingly he
became known as a reputable geologist.
His botanical work was treated with some respect by his contemporaries, particu-
larly for the enormous energy he showed as a field-collector. Although some bota-
nists were patient with his requests for identifications of his “new” discoveries in the
relatively unexplored “West,” he became increasingly frustrated by what he took to
be a condescending attitude on the part of the “Eastern establishment.” He felt that
the “Eastern” botanists, especially those at New York and at Harvard, looked down
on his work on “Western” plants, although they had had little or no field-experience
with them and did not understand the geographical implications as he did. Perhaps
unduly influenced by his prejudices, and always highly confident of his own abilities,
he turned more and more toward identifying his own plant-specimens before making
them up into sets of duplicates for sale or exchange.
After about 1890, and several papers in the Brandegees' short-lived journal
Zoe, and elsewhere, Jones began to edit and publish his “Contributions to Western
Botany” (the later ones printed on his own press), which made altogether a sizeable
volume, 18 papers devoted first and foremost to the publication of the names and
descriptions of new species. According to Lenz (1986, p. 237) Jones published the
“relatively modest number” of about 793 taxa between 1881 and 1933. “Relatively
modest” was in comparison with some of Jones’s contemporaries, e.g., Thomas How-
ell (who was credited with 3290 new taxa), E. L. Greene (“some 3000 new taxa”),
Wm. Suksdorf (1690), and Aven Nelson (849).
During the first part of his career, Jones concentrated geographically on the
Great Basin of the western United States. When still relatively young he became well
known as an expert on the floras of the western states, partly through the distribu-
tion of multiple sets of his specimens. At the same time he gradually became known
as a field geologist. Late in his life he developed an interest in the vascular flora of
Mexico, and undertook special collecting trips to the western part of the mainland
in 1926, 1927, 1928 and 1930. His published papers, especially the later ones like his
18th Contribution to Western Botany (1933) show that he studied the collections
in depth and identified most of them to his own satisfaction, but not always to the
satisfaction of others.
COLLECTING IN MEXICO, 1892
In 1890 (Lenz 1986, pp. 77, 91) Jones was approached by Gen. W. J. Palmer, who
after the American Civil War had returned to private life and become “one of the
most enterprising of the early Western railroad men,” who also organized and devel-
oped a number of mining towns along the railroads. Among his accomplishments was
the successful completion of the Mexican National Railway from Laredo to Mexico
City. Jones did some work for him in 1890 and 1891. On April 7, 1892, Jones [while in
Salt Lake City] received from Gen. Palmer a telegram asking him to go immediately
to Mexico “to make an examination of Sierra Mojada, Zacatecas, Guanahuato [sic],
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 129
and the properties along the Mexican Nat[ional] R. R. from Irapuato to Manzanillo.”
Another version, in Jones’s own words (Lenz 1986, p. 91) says that on this trip he
was to study the mines and ore production of the leading mining camps in [western]
Mexico and report on them for three proposed railroad routes. His first destination
was the established mining district at Sierra Mojada in far-western Coahuila.
According to Lenz (1986, p. 93) Jones wrote of the 1892 collections, “[J. N.] Rose
named most of them. I put up three sets, one at the U.S. National [Herbarium], one
my own, and I presume the third [to be at the]Missouri Botanical Garden.” [There
is also a substantial set at MSC, the herbarium of Michigan State University, East
Lansing.| His private herbarium, including the undistributed part of his own set of the
1892 plants, was acquired by Pomona College in 1923. A survey conducted during the
latter part of the year 2003 shows that perhaps four-fifths of the numbered gatherings
are still represented at POM-RSA, but a very large number of these have never been
more than casually identified, and many have been grossly misidentified by Jones
or someone else. If Rose actually named a large percentage of the specimens, Jones
must have felt it was superfluous to go back at the time and make his own decisions
on their identities.
Because of his obligation in 1892 to his (geological) sponsor, the hours when
he could “botanize” were limited. In spite of that he managed to amass a botanical
collection of some 750 gatherings, the majority of them with several duplicates. He
collected specimens from about 30 localities. The counts listed below are presum-
ably smaller than the actual totals, as no more than four-fifths of Jones’s numbers
have been located at POM or elsewhere. The importance of his botanical collections
derives from his established practice of trying to “collect the whole flora” at each
locality (as he said of himself), and secondly because he was the first (and often the
last) collector to visit the localities in question. On the upper slopes of the Nevado de
Colima, for example, where he preceded by one year the great collector of Mexican
plants, C. G. Pringle, Jones made at least 85 gatherings in two days, including many
alpine and subalpine species.
The numbered collections of 1892 include at least 85 from the massif of the Nevado
de Colima (Jal.), 75 from the Sierra Mojada (Coah.), 65 from La Palma (Jal.), 50 from
Chiquilistlan (Jal.), 45 from Santa Cruz (Jal., near Tapalpa), 40 from Colima (Col.), 30
from Ojo Caliente (Zac.), and at least 25 from each of the following: Pihuamo (Jal.),
“Sacoalco” (Jal.), Tapalpa (Jal.), Ferreria de Tula (Jal.), Manzanillo (Col.), and what
Jones called the Rio Cuvianes (Jal., Col.). At the end of the trip Jones numbered the
collections, sent some of them to specialists for determination, named the others as best
he could and sent out several sets of the duplicates to his customers.
Authors of recent monographic studies of Mexican genera or families of plants
have mostly overlooked the Pomona herbarium, which remains a valuable source of
information about the vascular flora of south-central Jalisco and adjacent Colima as
it was a little more than a century ago.
As far as I can determine, Jones paid little attention to his 1892 collections after
his first distribution of some of the sets. At that time he had no particular interest in
the flora of Mexico, except that he had done some plant-collecting in the arid north-
west. In the years 1892-1893 his interest was still primarily in the Great Basin and
adjoining areas. It seems that he was also too busy with other matters to go back to
the details of his Mexican collection. Furthermore, in 1892 his primary responsibil-
ity was to search for potential sites where ores might be exploited profitably and
for potential railroad routes to these sites. As McVaugh (1972, p. 352) noted, “In the
typewritten itinerary prepared by Jones...and now at Pomona College, he said [p. 21]:
130 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
botany was a side issue and I had to get specimens as my other business would allow.
For this reason I got only about 5 specimens of a kind, and never could work up a
flora as was my wont.” [See above for a slightly different version of this story].
Jones kept a diary during most of his field excursions, and later dictated a chrono-
logical account of his travels and exploration, which was published [Leafl. West. Bot.
10 (no. 12): 193-236. 29 Nov 1965] under the title of Botanical Exploration of Marcus
E. Jones, 1876 to 1919: an Autobiographical Account. This was apparently a version of
what Lenz (1986, p. 11) cited frequently in abbreviated form (as BM), and called “the
best of the autobiographical accounts but flawed by errors of fact and transcription
and [which] must be used with caution.”
By 1893 Jones had begun to be absorbed in his long-time study of Astragalus,
and much of his attention must have been devoted to the preparation of his papers
for Zoe that were published in that year. In 1894 he spent the field season (March
to October) in Utah, where he was employed as a “Special Field Agent” of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (Lenz 1986, pp. 253-290). By that time his two-year-old
Mexican collections must have been low on his list of priorities, where they subse-
quently remained, with few exceptions.
NUMBERING OF THE 1892 COLLECTIONS
Jones made a practice throughout his career of collecting several or many
duplicate examples of each gathering and arranging these in sets for sale. Many
of his collections from the earlier years were not serially numbered, or at least the
numbers were not mentioned in publication (see Lenz, 1986, pp. 403-465, “New
Taxa Described by Jones”), but beginning with the Mexican trip of 1892 he eventu-
ally gave numbers to most of the gatherings, though he seems to have attached little
importance to this.
The numbering of the collections of 1892 is of some general interest. Now, at the
beginning of the 21st Century, scientifically-inclined collectors generally number their
gatherings serially and chronologically, beginning with No. 1 and continuing a life-
time series as a unique record. Such a series constitutes a valuable historical source
for subsequent investigators who may need to know the exact whereabouts of the
collector in time or space, or both. In 1892 the numbering of collections was already
a long-established practice, but individual collectors often began their numbering
anew with each field-season, and editors (who often were the same botanists that
had named the plants) felt free to disregard these “field numbers” and assign new
numbers based on some preferred “Natural System” of classification. A victim of this
latter method was the great collector Charles Wright, whose work with the Mexican
Boundary Survey was described by Asa Gray in two good-sized volumes (Gray 1852,
1853), but whose precise dates and collecting localities were mostly unknown until
they were elucidated by Elizabeth Shaw (1987) on the basis of Wright’s field-numbers
as he had recorded them elsewhere.
For more than 30 years (ever since I began to notice Mexican specimens col-
lected in 1892 by Marcus E. Jones and housed at US, MO, MSC or GH, or when I
noticed citations of such specimens in the literature of systematic botany), I have
been “keeping book” on this collection as a part of the record of botanical exploration in
Nueva Galicia. | published a general paper on the latter (McVaugh 1972), in which
three pages of text were devoted to Jones’s trip of 1892, and included a transcript
of his diary from 22 May through 18 July. At that time my record of the collections
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 131
made by Jones was very incomplete—only about one quarter of the numbered col-
lections had surfaced and most of the numbers were between 1 and 500, although in
memoranda Jones recorded that his collection included numbers as high as 752, and
I had seen no. 769. About half of the available information was in a list of collections
accessioned at the U.S. National Herbarium (US), which came to me through the
kindness of George Russell.
In August 2003 I enlisted the help of Curator Steve Boyd at RSA-POM. He very
kindly suggested the name of a member of the herbarium staff, Lisa M. Rojas, who
spent many hours during the rest of that year and into the next, searching for the
original set of specimens from Jones’s herbarium, recording the data on each one, and
making digital images of the specimens for my study. Thanks chiefly to Ms. Rojas, and
also to Michael Denslow and Gary Wallace, we now have a record of about four-fifths
of the numbers, including many of the higher ones (above 500).
Before the receipt of the data gathered by Ms. Rojas and collaborators, I had
no reliable way to guess how the numbers were assigned to the Jones collections of
1892. The first hundred numbers, seemingly chosen at random, include several dated
as of 19 April, when Jones began to collect in Coahuila, several from 13 July when
he was on his way home to Utah, and many from intervening dates and unrelated
localities in May and June. This seems effectively to rule out a strictly chronological
arrangement, and gives no clue to any other arrangement.
One principal scenario suggests itself. While Jones was in the field, traveling on
foot or by wagon, or on muleback, botanizing when he could find the time, camping
in open mountainous country, trying to collect in several sets, make sure the speci-
mens were dried expeditiously (even during rainy periods) and preserved thereafter,
he had neither the time nor the facilities to consider making labels as he went along,
or even to arrange the specimens in any way. It seems likely that the most he could
do was to bundle up his specimens from each locality as soon as they dried, and write
the locality and date on each bundle.
When Jones returned to the United States (perhaps to the National Herbarium
in Washington, D.C., where J. N. Rose “named most of them’’), there must have been
a grand opening of 25 to 50 or more bundles, and a beginning of random numbering,
perhaps after the selection of a sample of species and genera already known to Rose
(or to Jones), or for submission to a specialist
The numbers from one to eleven (no. 3 is missing and no. 2 is applied to two differ-
ent species) include, in order, members of the families Clethraceae, Myrsinaceae, Legu-
minosae, Valerianaceae, Polygonaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Piperaceace, Melastomataceae,
Capparidaceae, Loranthaceae, and Malpighiaceae. This seems to rule out the better-
known Natural Systems of classification as bases for numbering Jones’s collections.
On the other hand, the numbers from 128 to 138, from seven different localities
and collected on seven different days, are all members of the Rosaceae except no. 132
(a species of Casearia in the Flacourtiaceae) and no. 133 (Ximenia parviflora in the
Olacaceae), either of which might have been taken by Jones as “rosaceous.” Further,
the specimens from No. 141 to 216 are all members of the Leguminosae, except for
about six scattered through the long series. Soon it must have become evident to
Jones that in families like the Leguminosae there were so many specimens that it
would be most efficient to sort the entire collection by plant-family and proceed with
the identifications, species by species, without having to repeat the labor of keying
out the same species more than once.
Once the entire collection had been sorted to the family level, it would have
been comparatively simple to arrange the bundles and assign numbers more or less
[32 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
in accord with a system like that used by J. M. Coulter in his contemporary “Botany
of western Texas” (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 2: [i-iv], v, 1-588. 1891-1894). A scan of
the list of Jones’s collections shows that the numbers follow Coulter’s system rather
closely (although with many unusual intercalations) until the end of the Pterido-
phytes at No. 542.
Notable are the Cactaceae, which were numbered 239 to 258: the Euphorbiaceae
(nos. 411-435 including some misidentifications), the showy-flowered Monocots (nos.
447-473), and ferns or fern-allies (nos. 497 to 542, except for a few scattered numbers:
the dates of collection ranging from 19 April to 13 July).
I suspect that this concluded the numbering of the collections of 1892 that were
to be distributed in sets. It is not clear why Jones discontinued the sorting (if that is
really what he did), with some 200 numbers still unlabelled and mostly unstudied.
Labels for numbers below No. 550 are commonly typed or (except for the name
of the plant) handwritten by Jones himself. Above no. 550 I have noted no more than
two (Nos. 592, “Lake near San Miguel, 6 May” and 643, “Rio Cuvianus Tuxpan”’) that
are in the hand of Jones. There may be others, of course, among the specimens that
have not been recovered.
Among the higher numbers various unrelated specimens from a single locality
are mostly grouped in short or long series, e.g., nos. 550-567 are apparently all from
Ojo Caliente, Zac., where Jones collected on the 9th of May, and nos. 601-638 are
apparently all from the Sierra Mojada, Coahuila, 19-21 April. The labels on these
are mostly in the hand of P. A. Munz, evidently copied from original notes by Jones,
and the locality is variously written (as Jones may well have labelled his bundles) as
“Sierra Mojada Mts.,” “Sierra Mojada, Mex.,” “Mojada, Mex.” or merely “Mojada.”
Nos. 685-700 (as far as these have been recovered) are dated either 13 or 14 July, with
locality written as “Volcano of Colima,” “Nevado de Colima,” or “Volcan, Mex.,” and
the data again are in the hand of Dr. Munz. Similarly, nos. 735-753 (as far as known)
are dated 7,8, or 9 June, all in the hand of Munz, all from La Palma, Jalisco. The sup-
position is that when the Jones herbarium came to Pomona College, Dr. Munz took
upon himself the work of finishing the labelling that Jones had left unfinished at his
untimely death.
MEXICAN COLLECTIONS, 1926-1930
Jones was 74 years of age when in 1926 he began a series of four major collecting
trips that resulted in many hundreds of Mexican specimens and a large number of
new taxa based on his own collections. His itineraries in 1926, 1927, 1928, and 1930
were summarized in tabular form by Morton (1945, pp. 89-91, q. v. below). McVaugh
(1972, pp. 252-253) published a brief narrative summary of Jones’s work in Nayarit
and Jalisco in 1927 and 1930. His work in Mexico in 1892 has mostly gone unnoticed,
except for the publication of excerpts from his diary from May 22 to July 18, the
period of his stay in Nueva Galicia (McVaugh 1972, pp. 250-252).
The great majority of the miscellaneous new names published by Jones for Mexican
plants first appeared in his Contribution no. 18 (1933), and earlier in smaller numbers
in Contributions no. 12 (1908), and no. 15 (1929). His work on the Mexican flora was
examined in detail in a pair of substantial papers published in 1945 by two well-regarded
authors (Morton, C. V. Mexican phanerogams described by M. E. Jones, Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 29: 87-116; Blake, S. F Asteraceae described from Mexico and the southwestern
United States by M. E. Jones, 1908-1935, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29: 117-137). Both
Morton and Blake were primarily concerned with the Jonesian type-specimens, and
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 133
the identities of new names proposed by Jones and based on his own material. Both
authors dealt in detail with Jones’s Mexican collections from 1926 to 1930. Neither
Blake nor Morton, unfortunately, nor Jones himself, studied in detail the first large
collection that Jones made on the mainland of western Mexico in 1892. Relatively
few types have been found among the 1892 collections.
The papers by Blake and Morton include many critical notes, and Blake’s con-
tribution is noteworthy for its long discussions on geographical and nomenclatural
points. Both authors felt free to point out the shortcomings of Jones’s work. Blake
(op. cit. 121) was inclined to blame “Jones’ inability to identify his own material from
a region with which he was not familiar, [so that] every one of the 25 allegedly new
species of Asteraceae he described from his 1930 collection in Jalisco is a synonym
of an older species, as is also the single species from his 1892 collection, and...12 of
the 26 were described by him under wrong genera, in two cases in wrong tribes, in 6
others in wrong subtribes.”
Morton’s comments (1945, p. 87), severe to the point of harshness, are relevant
here: “Jones’ herbarium and library facilities were not wholly adequate for work
on the Mexican flora, and his previous experience had scarcely qualified him for
critical research on tropical or subtropical plants. It seems likely, moreover, that his
eyesight was not very good at the time, for there is little evidence in his descriptions
that careful dissections were made for any of his new species. Consequently, it is no
surprise to find that his work on the Mexican flora is poor..." [Editorial comment by
McVaugh, 2004: It may well have been true that Jones had some diminished vision as
he neared 80 years of age, from 1926 to 1930, but no such a deficiency is evident in his
earlier papers. His name Calamovilfa poaeformis, for example (Contr. West. Bot. 14:
9. 1912, based on Jones 478a (POM 115352), was ostensibly a new combination based
on Cinnastrum poaeformis Fourn. (Pl. Mex. 2: 90, ex descr. 1886), but Jones made
clear that although he had taken up the epithet from Fournier’s, “description...my
species shall rest on my characters given below”; to this he added a very detailed
16-line description].
As I read this, looking back from almost 60 years after Morton and Blake (1945)
enumerated the very large numbers of errors made by Jones, and having the insight
on Jones’s character that was provided by Lenz, it is not unreasonable to suppose
that when Jones went over his own collections in some haste, and found something
unfamiliar to him, he decided it must be new. Exactly the same story has gone the
rounds with reference to E. D. Merrill and P. C. Standley, with the difference that each
of them was already a recognized world-expert on the flora he was studying.
TENTATIVE LIST OF NEW NAMES BASED ON MEXICAN COLLEC-
TIONS RELEVANT TO THOSE MADE BY MARCUS E. JONES IN 1892
Apium depressum M. E. Jones, Extr. from Contr. West. Bot. 18: 63. 1933. Lake near
San Miguel, Zac., 6 May, M. E. Jones sn. (POM 82793, holotype). = Apium
leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Mueller ex Benth. & F. Muell., fide Mathias & Con-
stance, N. Amer. Flora 28B: 129. 1944.
Arracacia tapalpae M. E. Jones, Extr. from Contr. West. Bot. 18: 62. 1933. Ferreria de
Tula, Tapalpa Mts., Jal., 28 May, M. E. Jones s. n. (POM 82990, holotype). =
Tauschia nudicaulis Schltdl., fide Mathias & Constance, N. Amer. Flora 28B:
83. 1944.
134 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Asclepias senecionifolia M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 49. 1908. Santa Cruz, near
Tapalpa, Jal., 14 June, M. FE. Jones s.n. = Asclepias rosea H. B. K., fide Wood-
son, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 41: 150 1954.
Asclepias constricta [“contstricta”] M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 49. 1908. Vol-
cano of Colima, Jal., 13 July, and at Tapalpa, Jal., June 10, M. E. Jones 318
(type, MO, fide Woodson, 1954). = Asclepias pringlei (Greenm. ) Woodson,
fide Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 41: 111. 1954.
Asclepias exilis M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 48. 1908. Pastorilla, Zac.,2 May, M.
E. Jones s.n. [no. 568}, (type, MO, fide Woodson, 1954; POM 76066). = Ascle-
pias scaposa Vail, fide Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 41: 94. 1954,
Asclepias jaliscana M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 49. 1908 (non Asclepias jalis-
cana B. L. Rob. 1894). Chiquilistlan, Jal., 28 May, Jones s. n. (type, MO, fide
Woodson, 1954; POM). = Asclepias angustifolia Schweigger, fide Woodson,
Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 41: 62. 1954,
Asclepias tapalpana M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 35. 1912. Asclepias jaliscana
Jones (1908), non Asclepias jaliscana B. L. Rob (1894)
Astragalus diphacus var. peonis M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 10: 65. 1902. Zacatecas,
May, M. E. Jones s. n. (POM, holotype). = Astragalus diphacus 8. Watson
[probably], fide Barneby, Mem.N. Y. Bot. Gard. 13: 1124. 1964.
Astragalus racemosus var. brevisetus M. E. Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. II. 5: 662.
1895. Ramos, Zac., [=S. L. P.] 5 May, M. E. Jones s. n. (POM, holotype). =
Astragalus racemosus var. racemosus, fide Barneby, Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard.
13: 416. 1964.
Bursera jonesii Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3: 314. 1895. Near the city of Colima,
Col., 2 July, M. E. Jones 73 (US, holotype). = Bursera schlechtendalii Engler,
fide McVaugh & Rzedowski, Kew Bull. 18: 361. 1965.
Calamovilfa poaeformis M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14:9. 1912. Volcano of Colima,
Jal., among pines on the slopes, 13 July, M. E. Jones 478a (POM 115352,
holotype).—The name was ostensibly based on Cinnastrum poaeformis
Fourn., Pl. Mex. 2: 90, ex descr. 1886, but Jones stated,“... from the descrip-
tion, but my species shall rest on my characters given below,” i.e., a ver
detailed 16-line description. This creates an unusual nomenclatural situation
in which an author describes and typifies a new species but gives it a name
that he thinks may or may not apply to it.
Cercocarpus mojadensis C. K. Schneid., Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 530. 1905. Sierra
Mojada, Coah., 19 April, M. E. Jones 134 (MO, holotype).—According to
James Henrickson (in litt. 2003), this collection appears to be a desert deriva-
tive from Cercocarpus fothergilloides H. B. K. with many specimens showing
intermediate vestiture.
Cleome chapalaensis IItis, Bol. Inst. Bot. Univ. Guadalajara Epoca II. 5: 428. 1998. N
of Zamora, Mich., road to La Barca, 29 July 1960, H. H. Iltis et al. 490 (WIS,
holotype).—According to IItis (1998, p. 421, the first specimen of this species
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 135
ever collected (but unfortunately unrecognized in herbario for a century),
was from “Sacoalco” [Zacoalco de Torres, Jal.], collected 16 July 1892 by M.
E. Jones (no. 576, POM 93793).
Dioscorea mitis Morton, Publ. Carnegie Inst. Washington 461: 247. 1936. Pihuamo,
“Mich.” [=Jal.] 16 June, M. E. Jones 6 (US 337885, holotype ).—This is a little-
known but apparently distinct species, recognizable either from staminate or
pistillate material (fide McVaugh, Flora Novo-Gal. 15: 374. 1989, a decision
in which the late Bernice Schubert concurred).
Ficus jonesii Standl., Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 31. 1917. La Palma, Jal., 7 June, M.
E. Jones 33 (US 237888, holotype). = Ficus glycicarpa (Miquel) Miquel,
fide Quintana & Carvajal, Bol. Soc. Inst. Bot. Univ. Guadalajara 8: 16. 2001
(without citation of type).
Fraxinus nummularis M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 59. 1908. Sierra Mojada,
Coah., 19 April, M. E. Jones s. n.; Lenz (1986, p. 439) says “Type
POM.”—Standley (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23, part 4: 1135. 1924) accepted
this as a valid species, but said “It seems probable that this is a form of F
greggi having [in the type specimen at US] all the leaves simple and oval.”
Hymenocallis jaliscensis M. E. Jones, Extr. from Contr. West. Bot. 18: 33. 1933. Sal-
cillo, Jal., 1 June, M. E. Jones 458 (POM 119358, lectotype chosen by Traub
& Vickery, Plant Life 12: 43-44. 1956).—With advice from the monographer
of the genus, James A. Bauml, McVaugh accepted this as a valid species with
restricted range in Nayarit and Jalisco (Flora Novo-Gal. 15: 214. 1989).
Ionoxalis macrocarpa Small, N. Amer. Flora 25: 41.1907. La Palma, Jal.,9 June, M. E.
Jones 117 (US, holotype). = Oxalis macrocarpa (Small) Knuth, fide Denton,
Publ. Mus. Michigan State Univ. Biol. Ser. 4: 575. 1973.
lonoxalis tenuiloba Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 115. 1906. Colima, Col., 2 July, M.
E. Jones 118 (US, holotype).—Rose commented in the protologue (p. 115),
“This species has very remarkable leaflets.” The leaflets are, as he described
them, “deeply 2-lobed,” and the lobes “strongly divergent, linear, 2.5 to5cm
long, acute.” Denton (Publ. Mus. Michigan State Univ. Biol. Ser. 4: 566. 1973.),
without comment, reduced I. tenuiloba to the synonymy of Oxalis latifolia
H. B. K., though she said (p. 567) of the latter, “leaflets obcordate, lobed up
to one-half their length.”
Lupinus reflexus Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8: 309. 1905. Nevado de Colima, Jal.,
13 July, M. E. Jones 204 (US, holotype).—This is apparently a distinct high-
montane species (cf. Flora Novo-Gal. 5: 591. 1987).
Malpighia cordata Small, N. Amer. Flora 25: 154. 1910. Sacoalco, Jal., 16 July, M. E.
Jones 27 (US 236896, holotype).—W. R. Anderson (in litt. 2003) informs me
that this is probably a form of the variable Malpighia mexicana Adr. Juss.
but conceivably distinct.
Phaca zacatecana Rydb., N. Amer. Flora 24: 352. 1929 [non Astragalus zacatecanus
(Rydb.) Barneby, 1964]. Casualidad, Zac., 26 Apr, M. E. Jones s. n. [no. 146]
(NY, holotype). = Astragalus wootonii var. candollianus (H. B. K.) Barneby,
fide Barneby, Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 13: 870. 1964.
136 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Pityrogramma tartarea var. fallax Domin, Véstn. Kral. Ceské Spoleén. Nauk, Tr Mat.-
Prir. 1941(15): 8. 1942. San Marcos, [Jal.]. 21 June, M. E. Jones 513a (POM
121273, isotype, so annotated by C. V. Morton, 1969: the holotype was lost
in WWI).
Quercus crenatifolia Trelease, Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: S7, pl. 52. 1924. Chiquilistlan,
Jal., 28 May, M. E. Jones 440 (MO, holotype). = Quercus obtusata Humb, &
Bonpl., fide McVaugh, Flora Novo-Gal., Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 12, part
1, no. 3: 60. 1974; Gonzalez Villarreal, Género Quercus en Jalisco, Inst. Bot.
Univ. Guadalajara Coll. Flora de Jal. 1: 145. 1987.
Quercus jonesii Trelease, Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: 136, pl. 257. 1924. Chiquilistlan,
Jal., 28 May, M. E. Jones 446 (US, holotype). = Quercus coccolobifolia Trel.,
fide McVaugh, Flora Novo-Gal., Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 12, part 1, no.
3: 25. 1974; Gonzalez Villarreal, Género Quercus en Jalisco, Inst. Bot. Univ.
Guadalajara Coll. Flora de Jal. 1:52. 1987.
Quercus serrulata Trelease, Mem. Natl. Acad. Sci. 20: 179, pl. 361.1924. Chiquilistlan,
Jal., 28 May, M. E. Jones 445 (US, holotype). = Quercus castanea Née. fide
McVaugh, Flora Novo-Gal., Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 12, part 1. no<>:
21. 1974; Gonzalez Villarreal, Género Quercus en Jalisco, Inst. Bot. Univ.
Guadalajara Coll. Flora de Jal. 1: 40. 1987.
Raimannia colimae Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8: 330, nom. illegit. 1905; Rose ex
Sprague & Riley, Kew Bull. 1921: 200. 1921. (The generic name Raimannia
was not validly published until 1913). Volcano [of] Colima. Jal., 14 July, M.
E. Jones 232 (US, holotype). [=Oenothera pubescens Willd. ex Spreng., Syst.
Veg. 2: 229. 1825, or Oe. laciniata var. pubescens (Spreng.) Munz, fide Munz,
Amer. J. Bot. 22: 656. 1935].—In many recent treatments the montane Oe.
pubescens, which grows at elevations from 1500 to 3900 m in western North
and South America, has been considered a subspecies of Oe. laciniata, which
is known primarily at lower elevations in the eastern United States, though
widely naturalized elsewhere. Crossing experiments have shown, however,
that hybrids between Oe. pubescens and Oe. laciniata are sterile, and that
chromosome pairing at meiosis is irregular. Dietrich & W. L. Wagner (Syst.
Bot. Monogr. 88: 73-77. 1988) treat Oe. pubescens asa widespread and very
variable species and include Raimannia colimae as a synonym.
Salix jaliscana M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12 77. 1908. Ferreria [de Tula], Jal., 28
May, M. E. Jones s. n. [437] (POM 107135, type).—Standley (Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 23, part 1: 160. 1920) recognized this as a valid species, distinguished
from S. bonplandiana H. B. K. by its dense tomentum, shorter petioles, and
shorter staminate aments. E. Carranza Gonzalez (Acta Bot. Mex. 32: 33-38.
1995), in a paper on the willows of the Bajio and adjacent areas, accepted
S. jaliscana as distinct from $. bonplandiana. George Argus, a specialist in
American willows, treated S. jaliscana as a synonym of S. bonplandiana,
without comment (Syst. Bot. Monogr. 52: 52. 1997).
Tradescantia orchidophylla Rose & Hemsl., Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 26: pl. 2522.1897,
In dark wet woods below Colima, Col., 5 July, M. E. Jones 467 (US,
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 137,
holotype).—This is apparently a distinct species limited to western Mexico,
fide D. F Hunt in Flora Novo-Gal. 13: 186, fig. 46. 1993.
Vernonia viarum M. E. Jones, Extr. from Contr. West. Bot. 18: 69. 1933. Chiquilistlan,
Jal., 30 May, M. E. Jones 288. = Vernonia deppeana Less., fide Blake, Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 29: 124. 1945. Blake states that “This specimen [presumably
the one at US] was correctly identified by Dr. B. L. Robinson, who is quoted
by Jones, but Jones nevertheless proceeded to describe it as a new species.”
The accounts published by Blake (1945) and Morton (1945) imply an excess of
irresponsible “discoveries” of many “new taxa” by Jones over a period of many years,
and emphasize his sometimes gross misidentifications of plants from Mexico and
elsewhere. The above list of novelties from the collection of 1892 does not suggest
that Jones was a “splitter” basing his names on single or trivial characteristics, but that
his decisions were sometimes made without adequate study of the literature and of
existing herbarium material. In his earlier papers Jones described various new taxa
from different parts of Mexico. These do not all show Jones as a poor systematist,
rather as a perceptive but idiosyncratic and hasty one. Argus (Syst. Bot. Monog. 52:
52. 1997) treated Salix jaliscana as a synonym of S. bonplandiana H.B. K., but in the
forested arroyos in Jalisco where I have seen it, it does not look like the ordinary
drooping willows of stream banks. Standley (Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 1135. 1924)
accepted Fraxinus nummularis as distinct but thought it was probably a depauper-
ate dry-land form of the more widespread F. greggii A. Gray. Woodson (in annota-
tions, 1952), relegated four Jonesian species of Asclepias, respectively to A. pringlei
(Greenm.) Woodson, A. scaposa Vail, A. angustifolia Schweigger, and A. rosea H. B.
K. The plants described by Jones were not merely individual variants—they were
recognized species that already had names. In the 1890s it would have been extremely
difficult for Jones (or Rose) to identify four milkweeds correctly.
Of the four species that Jones described in his Contribution no. 18 (1933), viz.,
Hymenocallis jaliscensis, Apium depressum, Arracacia tapalpae, and Vernonia viarum,
Hymenocallis jaliscensis was accepted by Baum (in McVaugh, FI. Novo-Gal. 15: 214.
1989). The two umbelliferous species were misidentified, one as to species, the other
as to genus. Blake noted (1945, p. 124), that Jones was aware that B. L. Robinson
had already named his Vernonia specimen no. 288 as V. deppeana, but nevertheless
proceeded to describe it as a new species.
Lenz pointed out more than once that Jones was not by nature a “splitter,” and
this is nowhere shown better than by his work on the genus Astragalus, which was
his major effort.
Jones’s monographic work on Astragalus, beginning about 1893 and culminat-
ing in 1923 in his Revision of the North-American Species of Astragalus (288 pages +
index, synonymy and plates. Salt Lake City, privately printed), shows that his attitude
toward new taxa was not always casual. Rupert Barneby, the most prestigious student
of American legume-taxonomy in the 20th century, thought well of it (Mem. N. Y.
Bot. Gard. 13: 6. 1964) when he wrote:
“Jones’s Revision initiated a new era in the systematics of Astragalus, an
era in which the search for natural evolutionary relationships between species
and between groups of species began to replace emphasis on similarities in a
small, arbitrarily chosen set of morphological characters. The book is full of
invaluable information, but is nevertheless an exasperating work. To the novice
in Astragalus the book is impenetrable [because of the polychotomous keys],
138 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
but to the advanced student it is richly rewarding... In his day Jones knew
more about Astragalus than any man alive, but a volatile impatience with
details of presentation tends to obscure that fact.... His opinions on [species
of] Astragalus, as formulated in the Revision, have almost all been vindicated
by subsequent scrutiny” [emphasis by McVaugh, 2004].
On the other hand, Jones’s later floristic papers on a Mexican flora that was
unfamiliar to him (Jones 1929, 1933; Blake 1945; Morton 1945), deal with a plethora
of what he took to be new taxa. Morton and Blake between them, for example, cited
and evaluated 60 (!) new taxa published by Jones (in Extr. from Contr. West. Bot.
18, 1933), the names almost all typified by specimens collected in a period of about
two weeks, November 13-28, 1930, in the barrancas near Guadalajara (a few from
the vicinity of the nearby RR Station at Orendain). As I stated (1972, p. 253), the
specimens had been taken from “one of the best-studied localities in Mexico.” The
barrancas near Guadalajara had been visited by many competent collectors (ec,
Sessé & Mocino in 1791; Galeotti, 1835-1837: Gregg, 1849; Palmer, 1886; Pringle
many times from 1888 to 1908; Rose & Painter, 1903). In 1930-1933, it would have
been naive, or rash, or supremely self-confident, to suggest that 60 taxa (representing
about one-eighth of all the collections from that locality) might be new to Science.
Jones’s collections of 1892 were never enumerated by him as a unit. As far as I
can determine, he proposed about 13 new taxa (including two new varieties) based
on those collections, proposals spread out over 40 years. As noted above, it seems that
he was too busy with his other preferred research, from 1893 through the nineties
and well into the 20th century, to go back and study the details of his 752 Mexican
collections (his estimate of the number),
After the the field season (March to October) of 1894 was spent in Utah, where
Jones was employed as a “Special Field Agent” of the U.S. Department of Agriculture
(Lenz 1986, pp. 253-290), his two-year-old Mexican collections must have been low
on his list of priorities, and subsequently remained there, with few exceptions.
TRAVELS IN MEXICO IN 1892
Jones left Salt Lake for Mexico on April 11, stopped over in Denver and again at
San Marcial, Socorro Co., New Mexico Territory, where he bought a map and a Span-
ish dictionary. He was in Rincén, Dofia Ana Co., New Mexico on April 15, at least
long enough to collect one specimen (Zoe 3: 291. Jan 1893). He continued toward the
Sierra Mojada, Coah., by a branch railroad from Escalon in the southeastern corner
of Chihuahua.
He left Escalon at 6 a.m. on the 18th and reached the mines at Sierra Mojada
at 10 a.m. He found it very dry there. He walked two miles up to the upper town,
“botanized all day” and part of the next, and returned to the junction at Escalon on
the 20th, presumably having completed his survey of the mines on the 19th.
Jones’s knowledge of Spanish was spotty. He seems to have managed in the
Mexican countryside most of the time, but his spelling of place-names and other
names was often not one sanctioned by the dictionary. See his Beriazillos or Berrozil-
los for Berriosabal, Bota for El Bote, moso for mozo, Pastorilla for Pastoria, Sacoalco
and Sapotlan for Zacoalco and Zapotlan, Salcillo for Saucillo and, as recently sug-
gested by Thomas F. Daniel, Linora for La Noria de los Angeles.
During a part of his 1892 trip he had a helper whom he identified only as “Dil-
lon.” Lenz (1986, p. 92) says that Dillon was hired as an interpreter. Jones mentioned
him in the diary on June 28, when he paid him one dollar. On July 4th it was $2. On
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 139
June 30th, and again on July 2nd and July 8th he was paid $5 (“He has become very
tiresome”). On the Sth he received $10, on the 7th $32, and on the 9th $50. At this
point “Dillon decided to leave me here and return to Mexico, finding at last that he
was of no service to me, a fact that I learned a month ago.” It would be interesting to
know the nature of the original financial arrangement between Jones and Dillon.
According to Lenz (1986, p. 397) Jones reached the city of Zacatecas on April 21,
traveling on the main line of the railroad toward the city of Mexico. Figure 1 shows
Jones’s principal collecting localities in Zacatecas and southward. On the 22nd he
visited “the great hacienda or mill below Zacatecas.” He collected nos. 578-583 at
Zacatecas on April 23 (Lenz 1986, p. 397), but only two of these have been recovered.
On the 26th he set out for Casualidad, about 30 km E of Zacatecas near the border
between the States of Zacatecas and San Luis Potosi. A railroad line to Casualidad
had been proposed but not built, so Jones travelled in a mule-drawn wagon. He
arrived in the evening of April 26. He said “It was a region of rolling hills and no
vegetation but yuccas and cactus and thorny Leguminosae.” He reported visiting the
mines on the 27th and in the afternoon “Visited the lead mines (3) of the Potosi Mts.
Collected some plants.” Cerro Potosj (not to be confused with the very much greater
peak of the same name in Nuevo Leon) is on or very close to the Zacatecas-San Luis
Potosi{ boundary, almost directly east of Zacatecas.
There are few available data pertaining to Jones’s next weeks around the city of
Zacatecas, a place already long-known for the enormous quantities of silver taken
from its mines. Presumably Gen. Palmer was interested rather in new sources of valu-
able minerals, not excluding silver. Lenz (1986, p. 91) says of Jones, “From [April 21]
until May 18, he examined mines and botanized in the general vicinity of the city [of
Zacatecas]... He reached Mexico City by train on May 29.” We know from Jones’s
specimens and his diaries, and from an account of his travels that he dictated many
years later, that he took a side-trip of about two weeks, beginning from Ojo Caliente
(ca. 40 km SE of Zacatecas), into the arid high plains farther east, camping as he said
“among the yuccas.” In another place he wrote that Ojo Caliente, Pastorilla, Linora,
and Ramos are all in the same region southeast of the city of Zacatecas.
In 1892 Ojo Caliente was the last station on a railroad line to the southeast of
the city of Zacatecas and a logical place from which to set off for the mining areas
further east and southeast, where the States of Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, and San
Luis Potosi adjoin. Including Ojo Caliente (Zac.), the localities most often named in
Jones’s diaries and other papers are Pastoria (“Pastorilla” of Jones), Zac. (about 20
km SE of Ojo Caliente); Ramos, S. L. P.; and “Linora” (I take this to be Jones’s ver-
sion of [La] Noria de Angeles, Zac., which is about 10 km S of El Carro, Zac. El Carro
in turn lies about 15 km [8 miles” according to Jones] E of Pastoria).
As Lenz tells (1986, p. 347), on April 28th Jones was at the “Corkhills mine” and
“later all the folks went with us to Las Animas and left us. Then drove to Covison.”
On the 29th (Jones diary), “Mr. Foreman took me over to La Paz and young Portus
[?Portis] showed me through the Covison mine. p.m. drove to Ojo Caliente by 3
p.m.” He was in Ojo Caliente, April 29, 30; [presumably on May 1, he], “Rode from
Ojo Caliente 15 m. to Pastorilla [Pastoria] by noon where we found much lead...
p.m. rode to Linora 15 m.” May 2 [he collected] no. 228, no. 568; May 3, rode [from
Linora] to Ramos, S. L. P. [the settlement and the mine of the same name], 18 mi from
Pastorilla; May 4 rode to Salinas, S. L. P. (SE of Ramos), collected nos. 572-574; he
was in Ramos May 5, left Ramos at 7 a.m. on May 6, rode to El Carro, (Zac.), visited
the San Miguel quicksilver deposits at San Miguel and at a “lake near San Miguel”
collected at least nos. 157 and 585-592, May 6-7; on May 7 left for Pastorilla ca. “8
140 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
eee
ae
me ee
| ap)
1 sige | IS AY
105° Bo ay q
- : AG a U |
o - “401°
FIG. 1. Principal localities from Zacatecas southward at which Marcus E. Jones collected in 1892.
Numbered localities (all in Jalisco, except nos. 1-5, 24-26)
1. Zacatecas, Zacatecas 14. Santa Cruz
2. Ojo Caliente, Zacatecas 15. Zapotlan del Rey (“Sapotlan’)
3. Ramos, San Luis Potosi 16. Tamazula (de Gordiano)
4. Pastoria (“Pastorilla”), Zacatecas 18. “Volcano of Colima”
5. El Carro, Zacatecas 17. Santa Cruz #2
6. Guadalajara 19. San Marcos
7. Saucillo (“Salcillo,” “Salsillo”) 20. oe (“Tuzpan”)
8. Zacoalco (de Torres) (“Sacoalco”) 21. Ton
9. Chiquilistlan 22.La A os (“Rancho Guerrero”)
LO. Ferreria (de Tula) 23. Pihuamo
11. La Palma 24. Colima, Colima
12. Tapalpa 25. Armeria, Colima
13. Sayula 26. Manzanillo, Colima
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 141
mi W of El Carro,” and on May 9 he was back in Ojo Caliente to collect nos. 151 and
no. 158. It would be interesting to know how much time he spent in prospecting for
minerals, aside from lead on May 1 and quicksilver on May 6.
On May 9, Jones went to Berriozabal (“Bereazillos”), a station on the main line
of the railroad ca. 10-12 km SW of Ojo Caliente [which was not on the main line but
the end of track ona alae line from Zacatecas], “botanized all day” and reached
Zacatecas by train a
Lenz (1986, p. 303) ae that on May 14 Jones was at “Bota” (El Bote, a sta-
tion on the main line of the railroad), ca. 5 km NW of Zacatecas. On the 15th Jones
collected no. 614 (Nama hispidum, at POM) at “Santa Rosalia, Mex.,” presumably
near Zacatecas. Collections from around Zacatecas include no. 585, May 16, and no.
123, June 23. His travels after leaving Zacatecas have been described by McVaugh
(1972, pp. 250-252) and by Lenz (1986, pp. 91-93).
Jones travelled by rail from Zacatecas to México, D. F., on May 19. He contin-
ued by rail to Irapuato, Gto., where he spent Sunday (May 22) before continuing to
Guadalajara, Jal., on the 23rd and Sayula on the 25th. There he stayed for two days,
assembling what he needed for an overland pack trip beyond the railroad, “over the
Tapalpa Mountains to Chiquilistlan.”
Evidently his instructions from General Palmer had indicated some mineral
deposits of special importance in the vicinity of Chiquilistlan, which is a small well-
established town, 20-25 km north and a little west of Tapalpa and separated from it
by high steep forested ridges. In Sayula Jones hired a “moso” [mozo; a muleteer; an
arriero] and 4 mules and set out for Tapalpa at 6 a.m. on the 27th. As he said, “the
ascent to 9000° on the mts. is steep” [but his estimate of the altitude was high—the
road-summits are closer to 7000 feet (2100-2200 m)]. Sayula lies below, at the level
of a series of shallow and seasonally dry lake-beds, and even now the improved road
to the forested mountains around Tapalpa is very steep and tortuous. Evidently Jones
reached Tapalpa by midday. He went to the nearby rancho of Ferreria [de Tula]
[some 12-15 km northeast of Tapalpa] “in p.m. Saw the good iron works at Ferreria.
Slept there. The manager was very kind.”
On the following day (May 28) Jones left Ferreria for Chiquilistlan, “and reached
there in p.m. with guide.” I infer that his guide took him by some direct route north-
westerly, not via Tapalpa as the modern highways go. [Lenz (1986, p. 312) says that
Jones was in Chiquilistlan on May 13th, but other records show that he was in or
FIG. 1 continued
Contour lines are approximated at 500, 1000, and 1500 m above sea level and up to 3000 m on the
Nevado de Colima. The river, in the valley that extends northward from the ocean (where it forms the
boundary between Colima and Michoacan), is known successively as the Rio Coahuayana, Rio Tuxpan,
or (as Jones knew it) Rfo Cuvianes. Localities where plants were collected in April and up to mid-May,
in New Mexico, Coahuila, San Luis Potosf, and extreme eastern Zacatecas, I studied less assiduously and
did not map all of them
Localities marked by dots are those from which Jones obtained a significant quantity of plant speci-
mens (usually 25 gatherings or more). Five are in southern Zacatecas, one in San Luis Potosi, the others
in Jalisco or Colima. A few less-productive localities are shown, because they are difficult to locate on
published maps. Guadalajara, Jal., is shown because it could be reached by railroad and was the center
whence Jones set out for the south
Most of the localities discussed and mapped here are to be found on the Map of Hispanic America
[at] 7: 1, 000, 000, published by the American Geographical Society, and in the index to that map (Publ.
0.5, Vol. 2, Geographical Names in Mexico. U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1944). A few additional localities
are discussed in the present text.
142 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
near Zacatecas on that day.] He spent the next few days in and near Chiquilistlan,
looking at mines with the cooperation of the Gerente, a Mr. Vasques [? Vazquez) (see
MeVaugh 1972, p. 250). May 30 and 31 he visited “3 or 4 of the mines of Vasques and
slept at the Santa Maria. Fine scenery and deep cafions.” On the 31st he returned
from the Santa Maria mine and visited the Vasques hacienda.
On June 1 Jones interrupted his stay at Chiquilistlan in order to visit iron and
mercury mines at a place he called Salcillo (or Salsillo), where he spent the night
at a ranch, On the 2nd he “went over from Salsillo and saw the rest of the mercury
mines and the ‘Colorado’ iron. Then returned to Chiquilistlin and went over near
the Santoninia and saw another iron mine, on the opposite (n.) side of the river.”
The location of Jones’s “Salsillo” is not entirely clear, as I find nothing in his notes
about distance or direction from Chiquilistlan. Lenz (1986, p. 374) equated it with El
Saucillo, [Jalisco], which he located in the State of Zacatecas, “about 18 miles north-
west of Zacoalco [de Torres].” This is apparently the same El Saucillo that is about
10 km north of Chiquilistlan, in the same river valley (McVaugh 1972, p. 350). It
may well have been Jones’s locality, as McVaugh (1972) agreed. For another possible
locality, see under “Saucillo” in the list of localities below.
Back in Chiquilistlan on June 3rd, Jones left rather belatedly for Santa Cruz.
Lenz (1986, p. 378) says that Santa Cruz was about 12 miles south-southeast of
Ameca. The settlement at that point is Santa Cruz de las Flores, but it seems doubt-
ful that the Santa Cruz of Jones is the same. In his journal he described his trip from
Chiquilistlan: “traveled all day [apparently south-westwardly], & stopped at a ranch
6 m. east. Country very rugged & breaks down to the west.” He reached Santa Cruz
at 10 a.m. on the 4th, “Visited 3 mines in p.m. No good. Alt. 2650° [ca. 900 m].” June
Sth being Sunday, Jones spent the day quietly. “Went down to the river to bathe.” The
information that he gives does not seem to apply to Santa Cruz de las Flores, which is
nearly north of Chiquilistlan, across the mountains in the basin of the Rio de Ameca
where the drainage is toward the north, at an elevation of about 1500 m. I suggest
that his Santa Cruz may have been the place shown on the AGS map at 1/1, 000, 000,
sheet NF 13, ca. 30 km (airline) SW of Tapalpa in the valley of one of the upper tribu-
taries of the Rio de Armeria, at an elevation of less than 1000 m, where the country
“is rugged and breaks down to the west” (the elevation at Santa Cruz thus agrees
well enough with Jones’s estimate).'The matter might be settled by reference to some
authoritative work on Mexican mines of the period, as Jones visited three mines there
on June 4, and on June 6 he visited the Santo Domingo mine, and spent some time
developing photographic “views.” He also names mines that he visited at La Palma.
Of the trip (June 7th) from Santa Cruz to La Palma, Jones (in his diary) said, “Left
for La Palma in a.m. Reached there late in eve. The worst road of all. Ascended 3000°
and down 1500°. Found many plants on the way.”
On June 8th Jones “visited the San Rafael mine [evidently from his base at La
Palma] and stayed there all night.” The next day he “returned from the San Rafael
and saw the Mexicana and stayed all night at La Palma. Botanized a good deal.” On
the 10th “Left La Palma early with 2 pack animals and reached Tapalpa by noon...
Reached Sayula at 9 0’c at 9 p.m."
Additional bits of information may be gleaned from Jones' specimens and his
notes on them. In describing Hymenocallis jaliscensis (Extr. from Contr. West. Bot.
18:33. 1933), he cited “Saucillo [‘Salcillo’], Jal., June 1, also at La Palma near by,” and
one of his specimens (no. 47) is labelled as from “Santa Cruz near La Palma.”
This marked the end of his travels to the vicinity of Chiquilistlan and Tapalpa.
From Sayula he took off for Zapotlén el Grande and the borderlands of Jalisco and
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 143
Colima, more or less southward along the line of the present railroad, and east of
the massif of the Nevado de Colima and the associated highlands northward toward
Tapalpa.
Jones left Sayula for Zapotlan on June 11, a trip of about 25 km to the southeast
that occupied about 3 hours. Lenz (1986, p. 307) quoted him as saying, “Returning
to Sayula I took the stage for Sapotlan which was the terminus of coach travel...
Here I outfitted with burros and mules for Colima.” On June 13th he set off at 10
a.m., southward toward Santa Cruz [not the Santa Cruz where he was from June
3rd to 10th]. “Went to Santa Cruz by night” (Jones diary). On the 14th, “Went to
the ironworks and to Tamazula.” Formerly (McVaugh 1972, p. 349) I equated this
Santa Cruz of Jones with the Sta. Cruz of Mariano Barcena (Ensayo Estadistico
del Est. de Jalisco. Anal. Min. Fom. Rep. Méx. 9: 342, 349, 460. México, 1891), which
was associated with the Rio Covianes (the upper reaches of the Rio Tuxpan). I have
not located Santa Cruz on any map, but I now suspect that Jones went to Tamazula
[de Gordiano] by turning east and northeast through Zapotiltic before reaching
Tuxpan, and that the “ironworks” and Santa Cruz were both on the way, perhaps
near Zapotiltic, and near the Rio Tuxpan (which Jones called Rio Cuvianes). Lenz
(1986, p. 370), under Rio Cuvianes, quotes, “Rio Cuvianes, June 13, nos. 641—-653J.” A
specimen of Chamaesyce hirta at US (no. 423) bears the inscription, “Rio Cuvianes
near Santa Cruz.”
On June 15th Jones “Spent half a day at Tamazula and went [back down the Rio
Covianes or Tuxpan] to Tuzpan,” then on the 16th turned south for ca. 15 km to La
Higuera [also called Rancho Higuerro or Rancho Guerro, or as by Lenz (1986, p.
369) Rancho Guerrero], where he visited the Muerto mine. The next day (17th) he
left “in a.m.” and drove southeasterly for ca. 18 km to Pihuamo, where he arrived at
11:30 a.m. He must have visited the Purissima mine that afternoon, for on the 18th
he “returned from the Purissima mine and looked at the placeres [placer mines] in
p.m. Botanized, very hot. Poured down in p.m.” On the 19th (Sunday, on which day
Jones never worked), he spent the day “doctoring the sick politico” who had a bullet
wound in his hip. On the 20th he “left Pihuamo at 7 o’c and reached Tonila at 3 p.m.
Good road” (it is northwest, 18-20 km, airline, so he must have averaged about 3
km per hour). He spent the next day, June 21, going some 12 km to San Marcos and
returning to Tonila. “Botanized.”
Thus in a week Jones worked his way down the valley of Rio Tuxpan a distance
of 75 km or so, botanizing as he went while making professional visits to various
working mines and potential mineral sites. On June 22 he turned away from the river
valley, southwesterly some 30 km to the city of Colima, then the next day by train
to the Pacific coast at Manzanillo, a 4-hour trip. “Took some photos and botanized
a little.”
For the next three days, June 24—26, Jones’s diary is uninformative. For each
day there is an entry “Went over to Stadden’s ranch.” On two of the days it was
“Stadden’s ranch and the sea.” On one day Jones wrote, “Got many facts.” I find no
reference to the name Stadden in Lenz (1986), but in the same work (p. 352) there
are two bare references to Jones’s visits to “the Stodden ranch” (or Stodden’s ranch)
on the 24th and 25th. I have no further information about Stadden/Stodden. The city
of Manzanillo is built on a wide place at the western end of the coastal sandbar, south
of the famous bay of the same name. To “go over” to the sea and the ranch, Jones
may have gone 3 to 5 km southward, across the closed end of the coastal lagoon.
On June 27th and 28th, Jones made a quick trip inland by rail from Manzanillo to
Armeria. He spent the 27th at the ranch of General Maltina [?Martinez], having gone
144 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
up on a “special” [presumably laid on by the General] to the ranch of 81,000 acres.
Jones was much impressed by the variety of crops produced at the ranch, but his
diary says nothing about mines or mining. The next day he “returned to Manzanillo
from Armeria, and then returned to Colima.” There he spent the next 8 days, begin-
ning on June 29, doing (as he said) “very little,” developing photographic plates, and
doing some “botanizing” (noted on June 30, July 1 and 2). He made local excursions
to Jayamita to see a saltpeter mine (July 1), to an unspecified locality to see “a coal,
mica and gypsum mine, only gypsum there” (July 2), to Rancho Magdalena to look
at a marble mine” (July 4-5). According to Lenz (1986, p. 351), Rancho Magdalena
was about 8 miles SW of the city of Colima. At about that distance from the city the
20th-century highway to Armeria and Manzanillo passes through an extensive area
of rugged hills that support a rich flora of calciphiles and gypsophiles. It may be that
Jones visited this area on July 1 and returned on July 2nd, 4th and Sth.
It was at this time that he parted with his helper, “Dillon,” as described above.
On July 7th, Jones left Colima in the morning and reached Tonila, Jal., at 2 p.m.
At the time of his visit the state boundaries where Colima, Jalisco, and Michoacan
come together were not fully agreed upon, and some of Jones’s specimens from San
Marcos and Tonila were labelled as from Colima, and some from Pihuamo as from
Michoacan.
The next morning (July 8th) he left at 7:30 a.m. and came to Pihuamo at 5 p.m.
On the 9th he “visited the Purissima mine & took samples,” and at 1 p.m. started back
for Tonila, found the river too high to cross but managed to reach Tuxpan at night.
On the 10th (Sunday) he “crossed the river early and reached Tonila at 9 a.m.” The
“ferriage” was $0.56.
He spent the night of July 10-11 in Tonila. On the 11th, according to his diary,
“Tried to get outfit to start for the Volcano today but could not. Botanized. Rained
hard yesterday and in the night.” The cost of his hotel room was $1.87. He must finally
have obtained his “outfit,” for on the 12th he “Left Tonila at 4 0’c a.m. for the Vol-
cano. Traveled till 12 o’c and then was about | mlile] from base of volcano but above
it. 9250° alt + Deep barranca between. Guide & I went over to Volcano & back in 4
hours.” Presumably they camped upon their return.
At the time of his visit, the voleano proper (the Volcan de Fuego) was erupting
actively every two weeks (according to Jones; see Lenz, 1986, p. 92, who quotes a long
paragraph from a newspaper interview that Jones gave about two weeks after his
visit to the volcano). The altitudes that he mentioned appear to be on the low side.
His figures were 12,000 feet (3,600 m) for the volcano proper (the Volcan de Fuego)
and 13,000 feet (3,900 m) for the northern peak, the Volcén de Nieve. The accepted
figures today are approximately 3,850 m and 4,340 m, respectively.
On July 13. as recorded in Jones’s diary, they left after a very cold night at an
elevation of perhaps 10,000 feet (estimated from his own figure of 9,250 ft). They
broke camp at 7:30 a.m. and ascended to 10,500 feet [perhaps actually 11,000 or
more], “at [the] pass on north side of Nevada de Colima and descended nearly to
base of Mt. by 5 p.m. Rained for 2 hours. Everything wet on the ground. Camped
under a madrona [sic] tree on the grass. Rain eased at 6 p.m. Not cold.” Jones did
not go into more detail about their route from their first camp, but it was evidently
along the eastern flank of the Nevado. The airline distance was hardly more than 15
km, but the many barrancas radiating down from the peak meant that they had to
travel a much longer and more difficult road if Jones wanted to collect at elevations
even as much as 3000 m.
Jones and his guide left their highland camp at 7 a.m. on July 14, rode down to
Zapotlan in 4 hours, paid off the extra mules he had hired in Colima, and set off at
2 p.m. “with old Juan and 4 animals for Guadalajara. Reached Sayula at 7 :30 p.m. “
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 145
After breakfast on the 15th, he “Left Sayula at 5 a.m. Rode all day to Sacoalco. Col-
lected some. Warm in p.m. Reached Sacoalco at 4 p.m.” The diary for July 16 records
nothing more than some expenses for Jones himself, ““& moso & boy overnight.” The
same day, however, he must have continued on to Guadalajara, though his diary does
not confirm this until July 18, when he “Left Guadalajara at 9 a.m. & went to Irapuato
and Celaya.” By that time he was on his way home; on July 17th he had received a
telegram telling him that “father is very sick.”
INDEX TO LOCALITIES VISITED BY JONES IN 1892
FOR GEOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL INVESTIGATION,
WITH NOTES ON LOCALITIES AND COLLECTIONS
Some of the following data are repeated from the account in the text (pages
23-33), where the emphasis is on itineraries, not on collections. Unless otherwise
specified, notes on localities are based on information from Jones’s specimens, from
Lenz (1986), or from manuscript material at RSA.
Animas, Las, Zac.—Presumed to have been the Estancia de Animas, as on Carta
Geog. Zacatecas 1/500,000 (1943) and other maps, at long. 102°, ca. 20 km
WSW of EI Carro, Zac., and 20 km E by N of Pastoria; visited by Jones, 28
April. See Linora and Ojo Caliente.
Armeria, Col.—12 collections seen, all dated 28 June. Typical plants of coastal low-
lands, including Acrostichum. Called by Jones “General Martina’s ranch,”
said to include 81,000 acres. Jones spent the day of 27 June there, then
returned to Manzanillo and to Colima.
Berriozabal (““Beriazillos”), Zac.—No specimens seen. Lenz (1986, p. 300) says, “On
railroad 35 miles south of Zacatecas, at 6800 ft.” It is ca. 10-12 km SW of Ojo
Caliente [which was not on the main railroad line but at the end of track on a
parallel line from Zacatecas]. Jones was there on 9 May, “botanized all day”
and reached Zacatecas by train at 6 p.m.
Bota (El Bote), Zac.—A railroad station near Zacatecas, 14 May.
Carro, El, Zac-——Also known for a time as Villa Glz. Ortega. Ca. 20 km N of [La]
Noria de Angeles, 25 km SW of Salinas, S. L. P., and according to Jones, “8
miles E of Pastorilla.” See the text above for his travels on May 5 and 6
from Ramos to El Carro, to San Miguel and a nearby brackish lake, and his
eventual return to Pastorilla.
Casualidad, Zac.—9 collections seen, dated 26 or 28 April. Plants of arid shrubland
(matorral). On the 26th Jones set out for Casualidad, about 30 km E of
Zacatecas near the border between the States of Zacatecas and San Luis
Potosi. A railroad line to Casualidad had been proposed but not built, so
Jones travelled in a mule-drawn wagon. He arrived in the evening of April
26. He said “It was a region of rolling hills and no vegetation but yuccas and
cactus and thorny Leguminosae.” He reported visiting the mines on the 27th,
and in the afternoon “Visited the lead mines (3) of the Potosi Mts. Collected
some plants.”
146 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Chiquilistlan, Jal—About 50 collections seen, dated 28 May to 2 June, except nos.
207 (Mimosa), 355 (Stemmadenia), and 470 (Karwinskia), dated respectively
13, 15, and 19 May, at which times Jones was in or near Zacatecas. Plants of
oak forest, dry deciduous forest or matorral. During his stay at Chiquilistlan
Jones visited the nearby Vasques (? Vazquez) mines (“3 or 4 of them”), slept
at the Santa Maria on 30 May and returned to Chiquilistlan and visited the
Vasques hacienda on the 31st. Left for Saucillo on 1 June, returned the next
day and “went over to the Santoninia mines and also another iron mine on
the other side of the river.” Left for Santa Cruz early on 3 June.
Coahuayana, Rio, Col./Mich.—The river, in the valley that extends northward from
the ocean (where it forms the boundary between Colima and Michoacan), is
known successively as the Rio Coahuayana, Rio Tuxpan or (as Jones knew
it above Tuxpan, Jal.), Rio Cuvianes. See Fig. 1.
Colima, Col—About 40 collections seen, dated 30 June to 5 July. Jones worked in
and near Colima from 29 June to 6 July, and passed through earlier on his
way to Manzanillo and Armeria. Plants of relatively humid forests of coastal
foothills, including various calciphiles. From a base in Colima Jones “bota-
nized a little” on 30 June; on July | he went to see a saltpeter mine (and bota-
nized) at Jayamita, q.v.; on the 2nd he went to see a “coal, mica, and gypsum
mine, only gypsum there” (he botanized); on the 4th he went to see “marble
at Rancho Magdalena” and on the 5th he returned to Colima.
Corkhills mine, see Ojo Caliente.
Covison (mine), S$. L. P—One collection, identified as Ferocactus latispinus by G.
Lindsay (POM 83294), includes a long, typed description. On 29 April
Jones was escorted to the “Covison mine” at or near La Paz, after which he
returned to Ojo Caliente, Zac. Apparently Covison was never mentioned by
Jones as a settlement, but only as this mine in the vicinity of La Paz.
Cuvianes (Cavianes, Covianes, Cuvianus), Rio), Jal—About 25 collections seen, all
dated 13 June. Jones travelled on 13 June from Zapotlan toward Tamazula,
reaching Santa Cruz #2 at night, presumably having gone at least a part of
the way up the river. Plants include many lowland ruderal weeds. See Coa-
huayana, Rio.
Escalon, Chih.—Jones changed trains here. He continued toward Sierra Mojada,
Coah., by a branch railroad from Escalon in the southeastern corner of
Chihuahua. He left Escalon at 6 a.m. on 18 April, and reached the mines at
Sierra Mojada at 10 a.m. He found it very dry there. He walked two miles up
to the upper town, “botanized all day” and part of the next, and returned to
the junction at Escalon on the 20th, presumably having completed his survey
of the mines on the 19th.
Ferreria, (de Tula), Jal—About 25 collections seen, dated 28 May (one 27 May).
Plants are those of moderately dry montane forests. It appears that on 27
May Jones passed through Tapalpa on the way to Ferreria, which he reached
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 147
in the afternoon. He went to the nearby rancho of Ferreria [de Tula] [some
12-15 km northeast of Tapalpa] “in p.m. Saw the good iron works at Ferreria.
Slept there. The manager was very kind.” The next day (28th) he found a
guide to take him to Chiquilistlan.
Guadalajara, Jal—Jones arrived by rail from Irapuato, Gto., 23 May at 4:45 p.m., and
continued (presumably by rail) to Sayula on the 25th. There he stayed for
two days, assembling what he needed for an overland pack trip beyond the
railroad, “over the Tapalpa Mountains to Chiquilistlan.”
Guerro (or Guerrero or Querro), Rancho, Jal. 15 June. See La Higuera.
Higuera, La, Jal—Five collections seen, all dated 15 June. From Jones’s account it
appears that he did not reach La Higuera until 16 June, arriving from Tux-
pan. See Muerto (mine). The next day (17th) he drove to Pihuamo. Plants
are typical shrubs of foothill deciduous forest.
Irapuato, Gto.—Jones passed through this city both coming and going, from Zacatecas
toward Guadalajara, Jal.,22 May, and northward toward home on 18 July.
“Tron works” (or mines), not otherwise named, see Chiquilistlan, Ferreria, Santa Cruz
#2, and Tamazula.
Jayamita, Col—Four collections seen, all dated 1 July. A duplicate sheet of no. 83,
“Euonymus” (Acalypha coryloides) 1 Jul POM 84508, is labelled “Jayamita,
Jalisco.” Plants are shrubs from the relatively humid deciduous forests of the
coastal foothills. Jayamita is not mapped in Fig. 1, as I have not been able
to find it on any other map. Jones was in Colima City early in July He made
local excursions, to Jayamita to see a saltpeter mine (1 July), to an unspeci-
fied locality to see “a coal, mica and gypsum mine, only gypsum there” (2
July ), to Rancho Magdalena to look at a marble mine” (4-5 July). It seems
likely that all these excursions were toward the rocky calcareous areas to
the southwest of Colima.
Linora, (Zac., according to Lenz, 1986, p. 349).—Also for a time called Villa Obregon,
as on Carta Geog. Zacatecas 1/500,000, 1943; Jones, on 1 May, “Rode from
Ojo Caliente 15 m. to Pastorilla [Pastoria] by noon where we found much
lead... p.m. rode to Linora 15 m.” He visited at Linora and stayed over night,
2-3 May [he collected] no. 228, no. 568; on 3 May he rode [from Linora] to
Ramos, S. L. P. [the settlement and the mine of the same name], 18 mi from
Pastorilla. Jones’s “Linora” seems to have been [La] Noria de Angeles, ca.
30 km SW of Salinas, S. L. P., and 20 km S of El Carro, Zac.
Magdalena, Rancho, Col.—On the 4th of July Jones went from Colima to see “some
marble at Rancho Magdalena” and on the 5th he returned “from seeing
marble mine,” apparently having been forced to stay over by a very hard
rainstorm.
Maltina (?Martinez), General, ranch, see Armeria.
148 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Manzanillo (“Manzanilla”), Col—About 25 collections seen, dated 25 June (one on
26 June). Note on 23 June, “Botanized a little.” Plants are those typical of the
coastal hills, and maritime rocks, sands, and lagoons. On 24, 25, and 26 June
the entries read “Went over to Stadden’s ranch and to the sea,” evidently
from a base in Manzanillo across the dilated end of the coastal sandbar on
which the city stands.
Mexicana, mine, see Palma, La.
Mexico City (México), D.R—Jones reached Mexico City by train on 19 May, en route
from Zacatecas to Irapuato, Gto., and Guadalajara. Jal. Lenz (1986, p. 353)
quotes him as saying that he collected plants “along the lakes below Mexico
City,” but I find no record of any such plants. Jones left for Irapuato on 21
or 22 May.
Milagros (‘“Milleagres,” “Milleagros”), Los, Zac_—Two collections of cacti seen, a few
others probably collected, date of 4 May. Jones was making a side trip from
Zacatecas City and Ojo Caliente to a series of ore prospects in arid eastern
Zacatecas and adjacent San Luis Potosi. He recorded that he went (about
20 km SE) from Ojo Caliente to Pastoria (“Pastorilla”), presumably on the
first of May. Milagros is about 12 km W of Pastoria, thus not on a direct line
from Ojo Caliente, but his route may have taken him that way. On the 4th of
May, Jones was traveling from Ramos, S. L. P., to Salinas, S. L P., so perhaps
his plants from Milagros were collected before that.
Mojada, Mojada Mts., see Sierra Mojada.
Muerto, (mine), Jal., visited from La Higuera, q.v., on 16 June.
Noria de Angeles, La, Zac.—Thought to have been the place called “Linora” by
Jones. See under Ojo Caliente.
Ojo Caliente, Zac—About 30 collections seen, mostly dated 9 May, most of the
plants typical of arid shrubland. “Acacia constricta” (=?Mimosa), no. 587. is
dated 30 April (POM 28438).
According to Lenz (p. 347, under La Paz), on Apr 28th Jones was at the “Cork-
hills mine” and “later all the folks went with us to Las Animas and left us.
Then drove to Covison.” On the 29th (Jones diary), “Mr. Foreman took me
over to La Paz and young Portus [?Portis] showed me through the Covison
mine. p.m. drove to Ojo Caliente by 3 p.m.‘ He was in Ojo Caliente, Apr. 29,
30, [presumably on May 1, he], “Rode from Ojo Caliente 15 m. to Pastorilla
by noon where we found much lead... p.m. rode to Linora 15 m.” May 2 [he
collected] no. 228, no. 568; May 3, rode [from Linora, which see] to Ramos, S.
L. P. [the settlement and the mine of the same name], 18 mi from Pastorilla;
May 4 rode to Salinas, S. L. P. (SE of Ramos), collected nos. 572-574; he was
in Ramos May 5, left Ramos at 7 a.m. on May 6, rode to El Carro, (Zac.),
visited the San Miguel quicksilver deposits at San Miguel and at a “lake near
San Miguel” collected at least nos. 157 and 585-592, May 6-7; on May 7 left
for Pastorilla ca. “8 mi W of El Carro,” and on May 9 he was back in Ojo
Caliente to collect nos. 151 and no. 158. It would be interesting to know how
much time he spent in prospecting for minerals, aside from lead on May 1
and quicksilver on May 6.
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 149
Palma, La, Jal—About 65 collections seen, all dated 7,8, or 9 June. Plants indicate a
semi-humid tropical deciduous forest with many ferns, orchids, Piper, Ficus,
Jarilla, Dorstenia, Pinguicula, and also some elements from more temperate
floral zones, as Coriaria, Ranunculus, Valeriana, Polianthes. From La Palma
Jones visited the San Rafael mine and stayed all night there. On 9 June he
returned from the San Rafael, saw the Mexicana mine and stayed the night
at La Palma. “Botanized a good deal.” On June 10th he went on to Tapalpa
by noon.
Pastoria (“Pastorilla”), Zac.—Seven collections seen, dated 2 May (No. 316, 7 May,
Asclepias longicornu POM 75835). Jones was in Pastoria more than once
between 1 May and 8 May, also visiting Linora, Ramos, Salinas, and San
Miguel. See these in the text above and see also Ojo Caliente, Zac.
Paz, La, S. L. P—Said by Lenz (1986, p. 347) to be SE of Zacatecas City. On 29 April
(Jones diary), “Mr. Foreman took me over to La Paz and young Portus [?Por-
tis] showed me through the Covison mine. p.m. drove to Ojo Caliente by 3
p.m.” This is assumed to have been the place called San Antonio de la Paz,
shown on the Mapa de México at 1/250, 000 and on some modern highway
maps, e.g., Est. Zacatecas 1/800,000 (Guia Roji, undated), where it is located
just S of Hwy. 49, ca. 20 km S of Ramos, 12 km W of Salinas, and 25 km NE
of [Las] Animas, Zac. See Ojo Caliente.
Pihuamo, Jal. (“Michoacan” of some of Jones’s labels) —About 25 collections seen,
four dated 20 June, the others 16 June. Jones is said to have arrived at
Pihuamo from La Higuera on 17 June, 11:30 a.m. He must have visited the
Purissima mine that afternoon, for on the 18th he “returned from the Puris-
sima mine and looked at the placeres” [placer mines] in p.m. Botanized, very
hot. Poured down in p.m.” On the 19th (Sunday, on which day Jones never
worked), he spent the day “doctoring the sick politico” who had a bullet
wound in his hip. On the 20th he “left Pihuamo at 7 o’c and reached Tonila
at 3 p.m.” If his collections are correctly dated, it seems they must have been
taken between La Higuera and Pihuamo on the 16th and between Pihuamo
and Tonila on the 20th. On 8 July he returned to Pihuamo from Tonila, on
the 9th he revisited the Purissima mine and “took samples.”
Placeres (placer mines), see Pihuamo.
Potosi Mts., Zac.—No specimens seen, though Jones reported in his diary for 27
April, “Visited the lead mines (3) of the Potosi Mts. Collected some plants).”
See Casualidad, Zac. Cerro Potosi is the high point in an isolated range; it is
about 50 km E of Zacatecas and 20 km NE of Ojo Caliente, nearly on the
line between Zacatecas and San Luis Potosi.
Purissima (mine), see Pihuamo.
Ramos, S. L. P—Four specimens (and four duplicates) seen, dated 3-5 May. Jones
took a side-trip of about two weeks, beginning from Ojo Caliente (ca. 40
km SE of Zacatecas), camping in the arid high plains farther to the east. He
wrote that Ojo Caliente, Pastorilla, Linora, and Ramos are all in the same
region of rolling hills with no vegetation but yuccas and cactus and thorny
Leguminosae. See also Salinas.
150 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Rincon, Dona Ana Co., N. Mex.—Jones stopped here on April 15, en route to Mexico
on the railroad, at least long enough to collect one specimen (Zoe 3: 291.
Jan 1893).
Sacoalco, see Zacoalco.
Salcillo, see Saucillo.
Salinas, S. L. P—Three specimens seen, all dated 4 May, one (no. 573, Opuntia sp.,
POM 83285) with additional note “Camp Silvio”). According to Lenz (1986,
p. 374) nos. 572-574 were collected at Salinas. The locality (elev. ca. 2100 m)
is ca. 30 km SE of Ramos, q.v., and 25 km NE of El Carro, Zac. Jones rode
from Ramos to Salinas on 4 May and returned the same day or the next.
San Marcos, Jal. (“Colima”).—About 20 collections seen, all dated 21 June. About
two-thirds of them are ferns or fern-allies. Lenz (1986, p. 377) says that Jones
spent the day of June 21st going from Tonila to San Marcos and returning,
to which Jones’s diary added “Botanized.” San Marcos lies in the foothills,
at ca. 1000 m elevation, near the beginning of the steeper ascent into the
high volcanoes. In early July when Jones started northward along the flank
of the volcanoes, he began from Tonila but climbed somewhat to the west
of San Marcos.
San Miguel, Zac.—Apparently very close to El Carro, q.v. Twelve collections seen
(incl. 2 duplicates), dated 6 May except one dated 16 May. Seven are labelled
“Lake” or “Borders of a lake” near San Miguel, one copied label reads
“Lake Ness San Miguel” and one “near San Miguel. Margin of brackish
lake.” Plants are those of dry highland grassslands, incl. one (Marsilea)
typical of depressions in grassland. Jones left Ramos, S. L. P., at 7 a.m. on
May 6, rode to El Carro, Zac., visited the San Miguel quicksilver deposits at
San Miguel and at a “lake near San Miguel” collected at least nos. 157 and
585-592.
San Rafael, mine, see Palma, La.
Santa Cruz, Jal. (ca. 25 km a little S of W of Tapalpa)—About 45 collections seen,
dated 3-7 June except for three collections dated 14 June, q.v. under Santa
Cruz #2. Jones left Chiquilistlan on 3 June, reached Santa Cruz at 10 a.m.
on the 4th. See also Santo Domingo (mine), visited 6 June. Plants collected
at Santa Cruz are those of somewhat humid upland deciduous forest. On
7 June Jones (in his diary) said of his trip from Santa Cruz to La Palma,
“Left for La Palma in a.m. Reached there late in eve. The worst road of all.
Ascended 3000° and down 1500°. Found many plants on the way.”
Santa Cruz No. 2, Jal.,on the Rio Tuxpan (“Cuvianes”) below Tamazula.—On June
13th Jones set off from Sayula at 10 a.m., southward toward Santa Cruz [not
the Santa Cruz where he was from June 3rd to 10th]. “Went to Santa Cruz by
night” [Jones diary]. On the 14th,Went to the ironworks and to Tamazula.”
About six collections seen, dated 14 June; one labelled “Santa Cruz near
Tapalpa” and one “Santa Cruz No. 2, near La Palma.”
2005
MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 151
Santa Maria, mine, see Chiquilistlan.
Santa Rosalia, [Zac.]—“Nama hispidum” (spathulatum); only the one specimen seen,
the locality presumably near Zacatecas, Zac., where Jones was based during
early May. No. 614, 15 May (POM 73490).
Santo Domingo, mine, visited 6 June; see Santa Cruz.
Santoninia, mine, see Chiquilistlan.
Sapotlan, see Zapotlan.
Saucillo, Jal. (“Salcillo” or “Salsillo”)—About 22 collections seen, dated 1 June (one
dated 2 June). The plants are mostly those of the semi-arid upland tropical
deciduous forest. The late Howard Gentry (an agave specialist) and I went
to Chiquilistlan on 30-31 Jan 1975, in search of an agave that Jones had
collected at “Salsillo.” We inquired in town (83 years after Jones’s visit) and
were promptly given precise directions to El Saucillo, a long-unused mercury
mine about 5 km south and some 2 km west of Chiquilistlan. The locality
shown on the map (Fig. 1, no. 7) is another Saucillo, the one accepted by
Lenz (1986, p. 374) and by McVaugh (1972, p. 350) as that visited by Jones.
Sayula, Jal—Five specimens seen, dated 26 or 27 May, except one dated 10 June.
Jones came from Guadalajara (presumably by rail) to Sayula on the 25th.
He was in Sayula from 25—27 May, assembling an outfit for overland travel
to Tapalpa and Chiquilistlan. He stopped briefly in Sayula again, on his way
south, 10-11 June, left Sayula for Zapotlan on June 11, a trip of about 25
km to the southeast that occupied about 3 hours. Lenz (1986p. 307) quoted
him as saying, “Returning to Sayula I took the stage for Sapotlan which was
the terminus of coach travel. Here I outfitted with burros and mules for
Colima."
Sierra Mojada Mts., Coah. (often “Sierra Mojada” or “Mojada” only).—About 75
39 ce
specimens seen, all dated 19 or 20 April except no. 348, “Giliastrum,” “flow-
ers open at 9 o’c, a.m. and close at about 4 o’c. p.m. Sierra Mojyada, Mexico,
April 18, 1892,” and no. 623, “Greggia” “Mojada, Mex. 21 April” (POM
95929). Apparently a rich spring flora in a brush-covered desert mountain
range with some small trees. Jones seems to have spent most of his time
botanizing, having arrrived on 18 April and left on the 20th. See Escal6n.
Stadden’s ranch, Col., see Manzanillo.
Tamazula (de Gordiano), Jal. —No plant collections seen. Jones reached Santa Cruz
No. 2 “by night,” 13 June, from Zapotlan. He recorded later, “14 Tues. Went
to the iron works and to Tamazula. 15 Wed. Spent half a day at Tamazula
and went to Tuzpan."
Tapalpa, Jal—About 25 collections seen, mostly dated either 27 May or 10 June.
Jones hired a muleteer and four mules and set out from Sayula for Tapalpa at 6
a.m. on 27 May. Sayula lies at the level of a series of shallow and seasonally dry
SZ CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
lake-beds, and the improved road to the forested mountains around Tapalpa
is still very steep and tortuous a century later. Evidently Jones reached
Tapalpa by midday. Specimens dated 27 May are presumably from those
mountains. The supposed date of No. 133, “Ximenia parviflora, was 31 May,
perhaps an error for 27 May, as the specimen at MSC is labelled “Tapalpa
Mts. 8000 ft among pines.” Jones went “in p.m.” of the 27th to the nearby
rancho of Ferreria [de Tula] [some 12-15 km northeast of Tapalpa] “Saw the
good iron works at Ferreria. Slept there.” On 10 June Jones left La Palma,
reached Tapalpa by noon and Sayula at 9 p.m. On 11 June he left Sayula for
Zapotlan. That route does not ascend into the “Tapalpa Mts.” so perhaps the
date of 11 June on no. 308 (“Arctostaphylos”) is erroneous.
Tonila, Jal. (“Colima”)—About 15 collections seen, dated 8 July except no. 281 (1
July) and a specimen unnumbered (11 July, POM 29489). On the 11th the
diary says, “Botanized.” Ten of the collections were ferns of the humid foot-
hill woodlands. On 1 July Jones was in or near Colima; he spent the nights of
7-8 July and 10-11 July in Tonila.
Tuxpan (“Tuzpan”), Jal—About 12 collections seen, all dated 15 June. Plants of the
humid woodlands of the foothills. On June 15th Jones “Spent half a day at
Tamazula and went [back down the Rio Covianes or Tuxpan] to Tuxpan,”
then on the 16th turned south for ca. 15 km to “Rancho Higuerro” [La
Higuera], where he visited the Muerto mine. On 12 July, making for the
eastern slopes of the active volcano from Tonila, he must have climbed more
nearly north, thus to the west of Tuxpan.
Vasques (? Vazquez) mines, and Hacienda. See Chiquilistlan.
Volcano of Colima, Jal. (“Volcan, Mex.”; “Volcan”).—About 85 collections seen, all
dated either 13 July or 14 July. This was the most interesting botanizing that
Jones did during this summer. He was the first to make a significant collec-
tion there (C. G. Pringle, the renowned collector of Mexican plants, spent
several days on the volcanoes in May, 1893). Jones spent the night of July
10-11 in Tonila. On the 11th, according to his diary, “Tried to get outfit to
start for the Volcano today but could not. Botanized. Rained hard yesterday
and in the night.” On the 12th he “Left Tonila at 4 0’c a.m. for the Volcano.
Traveled till 12 o’c and then was about | m[ile] from base of volcano but
above it. 9250° alt + Deep barranca between. Guide & I went over to Vol-
cano & back in 4 hours” (and camped upon their return). Jones seems never
to have distinguished between the active volcano (the “Volcan de Fuego”)
and the much higher peak to the north (the “Volcan de Nieve”’), from the
side of which the other seems to arise.
On July 13 the diary records, they left after a very cold night at an elevation
of perhaps 10,000 feet [an editorial estimate based on Jones’s own figure
of 9,250]. They broke camp at 7:30 a.m. and ascended to 10, 500 feet [per-
haps actually 11,000 or more)] “at [the] pass on north side of Nevada [sic]
de Colima and descended nearly to base of Mt. [toward Zapotlan] by 5
p.m. Rained for 2 hours. Everything wet on the ground. Camped under a
madrona [sic] tree on the grass. Rain eased at 6 p.m. Not cold.” Jones did not
go into more detail about their route from their first camp, but it was evi-
dently along the eastern flank of the Nevado, an airline distance hardly more
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 153
than 15 km, the traveling difficult because of the many barrancas radiating
down from the peak. Clearly Jones did not seek an easy way. His notations
on specimens include such comments as “middle elevations,” “alpine,” or
“10,000 ft.,” and there are many plants from the high bunchgrass asssociation
with alders, and the sparsely populated slopes above and near timberline.
Zacatecas, Zac. —About 13 collections seen, 5 dated 23 April (soon after Jones’s
arrival from the north by railroad), one dated 4 May, two dated 16 May,
and 8 dated 23 June. On the latter date Jones was on his way from Colima
to Manzanillo; the plants so dated are in general those of the dry interior
uplands (e.g., Adolphia infesta, Reseda luteola) and perhaps mistakenly
dated 23 June instead of 23 April. Jones worked out of Zacatecas for about
a month after 23 April, with a short trip to Casualidad and Cerro Potosi, and
a longer excursion to Ramos, S. L. P., q.v. and El Carro, Zac., q.v.
Zacoalco (de Torres) (“Sacoalco”), Jal—Three specimens seen, dated 16 July. Lenz
86, p. 307) quoted the diary as of “15 June,” “Left Sayula at 5 a.m. Rode
all day to Sacoalco. Collected some... Reached Sacoalco at 4 p.m. “
Zapotlan el Rey (“Sapotlan”), Jal—No specimens seen among those recovered.
Jones stopped here over the weekend of 11-13 June, “bargained for an
outfit for Colima. Wrote about 12 letters.” He continued to Santa Cruz, q.v.,
on the 13th. He returned a month later, after collecting on the volcanoes,
and spent three hours in Zapotlan on 14 July before leaving for Sayula and
Guadalajara.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The primary framework, from which is it possible to derive so many details of the life and work of
Marcus Jones, is the exemplary biography by Lee W. Lenz (Lenz 1986). My well-thumbed copy of this
volume, a gift from the author, has been indispensable in the preparation of the present paper, and I thank
him for permission to quote from it. The late Lyman Benson helped me many years ago to select perti-
nent data from Jones’s diary and to secure permission to publish them (McVaugh 1972). George Russell
of the United States National Herbarium furnished a list of the specimens from the 1892 collection that
had been accessioned at US. To Susan Whitfield I am grateful for her precise and elegant additions to my
base map. In recent years I have received answers to questions on taxonomy, nomenclature, and Mexican
geography, from many friends, especially from James Henrickson and William R. Anderson, and many
favors in editorial matters from Christiane Anderson. A tip of the hat to Tom Daniel for information on
little-known localities in Zacatecas and San Luis Potosi. My notes on Marcus Jones could not have been
published without the aid of Steve Boyd and the brilliantly executed searches conducted in the Pomona
herbarium by Lisa M. Rojas.
SELECTED REFERENCES TO LITERATURE
Blake, S. F. 1945. Asteraceae described from Mexico and the southwestern United States by M. E. Jones,
1908-1935, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29: 117-137.
Gray, ioe 1852. Plantae Wrightianae |. Smithson. Contr. Knowl. 3, Art. 5: 117-262, pl. 1-10.
1853. Plantae Wrightianae 2. Smithson. Contr. Knowl. 5, Art. 6: 263-381, pl. /-4.
Jones, evar E. 1893-1935. Contributions to Western Botany 3. Zoe 3: 283-308. Jan 1893. 4. Zoe 4:
22-53. Apr 1893. 5. Zoe 4: 254-282. Oct 1893. 6. Zoe 4: 366-368. Mar 1894. 7. Proc. Calif. Acad.
Sci. I. 5: [611] 612-733, [i-] ii-vi. Nov 1895. 8. Privately publ., [1—] 2-43 [iii]. Feb 1898. 9. Zoe 5:
41-53. Aug 1900. 10. Privately publ., [1—] 2-82, pl. 1-16. Jun 1902; [83-] 84-90. Sep 1902. 11. Pri-
vately publ., [1—] 2-22. Apr 1903. 12. Printed & publ. by Jones, [1-] 2-100. Mar 1908. 13. Printed
& publ. by Jones, 1-87. Jan 1910. 14. Printed & issued by Jones, [1—] 2-52. Jun 1912. 15. Printed
154 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
& publ. by Jones, 1-163. Claremont, Calif. Jun 1929. 16. Printed & publ. by Jones, 1-53. Claremont,
Calif. Feb 1930. 17. Printed & publ. by Jones, 1-31. Claremont, Calif. Sep 1930. 18. Printed (exc.
pp. 132-157) by Jones, issued posthumously. Extracts pp. 25-85. Claremont, Calif. Aug 1933; [1—] 24
86-131. Apr 1935
Lee W. Lenz. 1986. Marcus E. Jones Western Geologist, Mining Engineer & Botanist. [i-xv], 486 pp.
Claremont.
aes Rogers 1972. Botanical exploration in Nueva Galicia, Mexico from 1790 to the present time.
r. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9: 205-357, 2 maps.
Morton, ey 1945. Mexican phanerogams described by M. E. Jones, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29: 87-116.
Shaw, Bizaberh A. 1987. Charles Wright on the Boundary, 1849-1852 or Plantae Wrightianae Revisited.
[ivi], vii-viii, 144, 3 field-lists on microfiche. Meckler Publ. & Chadwyck-Healey Ltd.
APPENDIX
List OF JONES’S NUMBERED PLANT COLLECTIONS, 1892, AS FAR AS THESE ARE KNOWN TO
ME, ARRANGED BY LOCALITY AND BY NUMBER UNDER EACH LOCALITY
POM = Herbarium of Pomona College, now a part of RSA (Herbarium of Ran-
cho Santa Ana Botanic Garden); MSC = Herbarium of Michigan State University;
NY = Herbarium of New York Botanical Garden; US = U.S. National Herbarium
(Smithsonian Institution). The serial numbers on the specimens at POM were not
routinely recorded before 2003. Labels are hand-written or typed; the writer is named
if known to me. Jones’s own rather distinctive script appears on relatively few labels.
Determinations and quoted passages are taken directly from the labels unless other-
wise stated. Botanical names on the labels seem to vary from mere guesses to the
results of careful study, but most of them are unverified.
ARMERIA, COLIMA
s.n. Cyperus ochraceus [det. O'Neill], 28 June, POM 117761
60. Cissus verticillata, 28 June
71. Karwinskia humboldtiana, 28 June, POM 850111
156. Cassia atomaria (Senna emar.), 28 June
173. Cassia emarginata (Senna), 28 June
229. Samolus valerandi, 28 June, POM 75862
337. Astianthus viminalis, 28 June
337a. Chilopsis linearis
474. Dichromena colorata, 28 June
475. Fimbristylis spadicea, 28 June, POM
502. Acrostichum, 28 June; “fronds pinnate 6 feet high”
664. Cyperus odoratus, 28 June, POM
CASUALIDAD, ZACATECAS
s.n. Dalea argyraea, 26 Apr, POM 28927
s.n. [resine, 26 Apr, POM 102564
16. “Petalonyx” [Mortonia palmeri or sp] [“low heath like scrub on rocky places”, 26
Apr, POM-2 sheets, US, fide J. Henrickson
120. “Rhus” [spiny shrub], 26 Apr, POM 86044
146. Phaca zacatecana, 26 Apr, NY, holotype
196. Mimosa biuncifera |typed: “Low and rigidly branched shrub”], 29 Apr, POM
26684, P 28440
248. Cylindropuntia [typed: “6 inches high in tufts among the rocks. Looks like white
balls at a distance 7000 feet alt”],28 Apr, POM 83297
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 155
CASUALIDAD, ZACATECAS (cont.)
398. Lobelia laxiflora var. angustifolia, 26 Apr, POM 67869
541. Notholaena ferruginea, 28 Apr
CHIQUILISTLAN, JAL.
s.n. Vernonia viarum [“type" scrips. Jones], 30 May, POM A1774 (?); det. V. deppeana
by B. L. Rob. & Blake
s.n. Quercus polymorpha, 28 May, POM 106185
s.n. Psidium guajava (“Lead Mine” ], 28 May, POM 117688
s.n. Calliandra, 28 May, POM 28244
s.n. Lysiloma acapulcense, 28 May, POM 28622
s.n. Comarostaphylis glaucescens, 28 May, POM 77302
s.n. Crotalaria, 28 May, POM 29583
s.n. Albizia lebbek [“lead mine, near C”], 30 May, POM 28586
s.n. Acacia farnesiana, 31 May, POM 29478
sn. Acacia, 28 May, POM 28436
s.n. Agave, 1 June, POM 109141
s.n. Polypodium thysanolepis, 28 May, POM 120081
sn. Baccharis (Archib...?),28 May, POM 37322
s.n. Asclepias jaliscana, 28 May
36. Loranthus calyculatus [typed: “Tree 60 feet high, called Tacamo, 2 feet diameter” ],
2 June, POM 105967
39. Bursera [“at lead mine”],30 May, POM 86495
40. Pistacia mexicana [“medium sized shrub” ], 30 May, POM 86498
64. Annona [?84; label illegible], POM 70301
70. Karwinskia rzedowskti, 19 May, POM 86213; presumed duplicate, POM 85400
74.2 Erythroxylon,’ 28 May, POM 86507
78. ??,2 June, MSC
80. Guazuma ulmifolia
180. Erythrina leptorhiza [det. Krukoff 1969], 28 May, POM 29007
181. Lysiloma eel 28 May; scrips. Jones exc. name, POM 29008; same, typed
label, POM 2844
187. Pithecellobium tomentosum [“at lead mine”], 30 May, POM 28215; scrips Jones
exc. name, POM 29012
207. Mimosa albida, 13 May, POM 28585, POM 26592
208. Acacia pennatula, 28 May; scrips. Jones, POM 27060
288. Vernonia viarum [“type”], 30 May]
301. Vaccinium stenophyllum, 28 May, POM 77175
302. Comostaphyllis glaucescens [scrips. Jones],28 May, POM 77454
303. Arctostaphylos pungens, 28 May, POM 77300
317. Asclepias mexicana, 28 May; scrips. Jones, POM 75501; also A. jaliscana, scrips.
Munz, POM 76070
335. Stemmadenia tomentosa, 1S May; typed, POM 76969; scrips. Jones, POM 75444
350. Plumeria, 30 May, POM 76811, POM 75443
378. Dyschoriste mcvaughii [“type” (paratype)], 28 May, POM 69546
386. Hyptis albida, 30 May, POM 70124
420. Euphorbia radians, | E. strigosa ex V. W. Steinmann] 28 May, POM 85475
436. Quercus [stam. fls.],28 May, POM 106180
440. Quercus crenatifolia [Q. polymorpha ex C. H. Muller],28 May, POM 106179
441. Quercus magnoliaefolia, 28 May, POM 106209
442. Quercus magnoliaefolia |“Lead mine” ], 30 May, POM 106182
156 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
CHIQUILISTLAN, JAL. (cont.)
443. Quercus
444, Quercus magnoliaefolia, 28 May, POM 106208
445. Quercus serrulata |type], 28 May, POM 106181
446. Quercus jonesii [type; long typed description], 28 May, POM 106272
447. Yucca valida Brandg. [Y. cf schottii], 1 June, POM 109484
449. Agave ?pedunculifera, 31 May
489. Pinus, 28 May
492. Pinus (?lumholtzii), 28 May
502. Acrostichum aureum, 31 May
508. Polypodium {long entire Ives], 28 May
517. Gymnogramme, 28 May
709. Tillandsia fasciculata [det. L. B. Smith], 30 May
710. Cereus, 30 May, POM 83283
712. (?Verbenac.), 28 May
COoLIMA, COLIMA
s.n. Ludwigia octovalvis, 30 June, POM 46276
s.n. “Euonymus” (Acalypha coryloides), 2 July, POM 84506
11. Mascagnia macroptera, 2 July; [“Cherry-like shrub, open branched, branches small
and long”] POM 84245; [“Malpighia”| MSC
23. Phyllanthus mocinianus, 5 July
23. Phyllanthus [typed: “Delicate and very graceful shrub or small tree 10-12 feet
high, grows on (3 words illegible) Valleys”, 5 July, POM 85602
23. Phyllanthus orbiculatus Muell. [typed, except binomial], 5 July, POM 86554 (same
sp. as POM 85602, larger specimen); “Delicate and very graceful shrub or small
tree 10-12 feet high, grows on rocky debris in valleys”
24. Sapranthus violaceus [det. Schatz], 2 July, POM 117207
72. Samyda mexicana, 2 Jul
73.“Bursera reflexa Rose & Jones” [“type” of B. jonesii],2 July, POM 86504
79.“ Celtis” (Croton), 2 July, POM 106097
84. “Celtis” (Croton), 5 July, POM 106095; [typed:] “Weak shrub, 10-20 feet high,
branches slender”
103. Podopterus cordifolius,25 June
118. Oxalis latifolia, 2 July
118. Oxalis [“deeply cut halves of Ifts”],2 July, POM 86753
127. Manihot michaelis [label typed], 2 July, POM 85423; *Elder-like shrub or small tree”
154. Phyllanhus mocinianus, 2 July
154. Phyllanthus [2 sheets; “same as 23”], 2 July, POM 86557, POM 85604
166. Tamarindus indica, 30 June, MSC; POM 29680; “same as 165?”
168. Caesalpinia coriaria, 2 July, MSC; POM 28651 [see same description under Jay-
amita]
174. Caesalpinia platyloba, 2 July, MSC
174. Caesalpinia [scrips. Jones], [typed] 2 July, POM 28332; “Small tree with open
branches. Flowers smell like carrion”
175. Cassia emarginata “Senna,” 2 Jul
177. Diphysa |typed], 2 July, POM 28996; “Small tree like the locust”
177. Oenothera rosea [scrips. Jones exc. name], 2 July, POM 37766
178. Cassia pringlei (“Senna wiz.”) [typed], 2 July, POM 27296; “Very slender vine-
like shrub with pendent branches, 4—30 feet high”
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 157
Comma, CoLiMA (cont.)
185. Pithecellobium tortum, 5 July, POM 29013; scrips. Jones exc. name
185. “Calliandra” (“Zapoteca”’),5 July, POM 28218; typed: “Very graceful small tree”
186. ?Calliandra tetraphylla, 2 July, POM 28219
196. Calliandra [scrips. ?P. A. Munz], 2 July, POM 26683
327. Tournefortia [scrips. Jones], 2 July, POM 71465
327. same Tournefortia [scrips. 7Munz], 2 July, POM 72282; “open and almost pendent
branched shrub with short branches”
351. Plumeria, 2 July, POM 76813
375. Malachra capitata, 30 June, POM 83706G
467. Tradescantia orchidophylla, 5 July; “below Colima”
471. Commelina erecta, 30 June
668. Passiflora colimensis ,30 June, POM 84401
672. Lonchocarpus lanceolatus {det. Mario Sousa], 2 July, POM 28990
674. Rhus (?Bursera), 2 July
CovISON (MINE), SAN Luis Porosi
246. Ferocactus latispinus [det. G. Lindsay], 30 Apr, POM 83294 (long typed descrip-
tion); Covison was the name of a mine in the vicinity of La Paz, q.v.; see also Ojo
Caliente]
CuviAnes, JALIsco (Cavianes, Covianes, Cuvianus), Rio
s.n. Mecardonia vandellioides, 13 June, POM 4598
s.n. Oenothera kunthiana, 13 June, POM 38611
s.n. Dysodia, 13 June, POM 67158
s.n. Chamaesyce hyssopifolia, 13 June, POM 85515
sn. Heliotropium indicum, 13 June, POM 72279
s.n. (or 357). Echinochloa, 13 June, POM 116121
142. [legume; label typed], 13 June, POM 26796; “Flowers yellow and beak very
9”
155. Cassia occidentalis (Senna) [scrips. Jones exc. name], 13 June, POM 26674; scrips.
?Munz, POM 28643; typed label, POM 28642,
170. Cassia tora (Senna obtus.), 13 June, POM 26680 (older specimen POM 29585)
200. Rhynchosia [all typed], 13 June, POM 29290
209. Cologania [narrow lvd], 13 June
210. Rhynchospora minima, 13 June; see 200
272. “Dysodia,” 13 June, POM 67154
315. Asclepias curassavica, 13 June, POM 76033
329. Heliotropium, 13 June, POM 72278
423. Chamaesyce hirta, US; “Rio Cuvianes near SantaCruz”
423. Euphorbia pilulifera [scrips. Jones], 13 June, POM 85603
423. Chamaesyce hirta [det. Burch], 13 June, POM 86211
443. Bidens odorata [Rio Cuvianes Tuxpan,” scrips. Jones], 13 June
546. Apium leptophyllum, 13 June
641. Conyza sophiaefolia [det. S. F. Blake], 13 June
645. Asclepias glaucescens, 13 June
646. Merremia quinquefolia, 13 June, POM 71010
648. Cuphea [“Rio Cuvianus”], 13 June, POM 70320
652. Eragrostis mex. (tephrosanthes), 13 June
158 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
FERRERIA, [DE TULA], JALISCO
sn. Mecardonia vandelloides, 28 May, POM 45099
s.n. Oxalis dr'ummondii, 28 May, POM 86765
s.n. Arracia tapalpae {“F. de Tula” ], 28 May; “Tapalpa Mountain”
s.n. Symphoricarpos microphyllus, 28 May, POM 67589
s.n. Arbutus (hairy), 28 May, POM 77221
69. Rhamnus mucronata
112. Phacelia madrense, 28 May, POM 73727
200. Comarostaphyllis discolor, 27 May, POM 77174
230. Cornus excelsa [scrips Jones], 28 May, POM 77743; typed labels, POM 77933,
POM 77934
238. Arracacia tapalpae Jones |“type,” scrips. Lt 28 May, POM 82990
303. Arctostaphylos pungens, 28 May, POM 7724
401. Cuphea llavea
401. Azolla, 28 May, POM 119141
409. Polygonum punctatum, 28 May, POM 103387
437. Salix jaliscana type-no. (=S. laevigata Bebb ex C. R. Ball & Argus)], 28 May,
POM 107135
439a. ? Alnus pringlei, 28 Ma
455. ?Zephyranthes fosteri, 28 May, US
468a. Smilax, 28 May
481. Aegopogon tenellus
497a. Adiantum thalictroides, 28 May, POM
540. Bommeria pedata, 28 May, POM
704. Arbutus (hairy), 28 May, POM 77166
706. Ranunculus petiolaris, 28 May, POM 100542
GUERRO (Or QUERRO), “Colima,” 15 June; see Higuera, Jal.
Hicuera, [La], JALIsco.—AImost due east of San Marcos. and about equidistant from
the Rio Covianes and San Marcos.
8. Conostegia xalapensis |“ Rancho Guerro”], 15 June, POM 77167; “Open branched
shrub 15 to 20 feet tall”
306. “Arbutus” Brysonima [Rancho Guerro”], 15 June, POM 77218; dupl. scrips.
?Munz, POM 77217
309. “Arbutus” Byrsonima crassifolia, 15 June, POM 77219
423. Cladocolea oligantha [Rancho Guerro”], US
443, “E/uphorbia] peganoides,’ 15 June, POM 85784; script unknown, “Ranono
Querro”; probably intended for “Rancho Guerro,” which is [La] Higuera
JAYAMITA, COLIMA
83. Acalypha filipes, 1 July
83.“ Euonymus” (Acalypha coryloides), 1 July, POM 84508; “Jayamita, Jalisco”
164. Caesalpinia sclerocarpa, | July, (2nd sheet, POM 28652)
168. Caesalpinia coriaria [label typed], 1 July, POM 26670; also two fragments on
POM 26670. The sheet with 2nd label hand-written, not by Jones: Locality
“Colima, Mex.,” 2 July; “Called ‘Gall tree’ pod used to tan hides. Locust-like tree
- 10-30' high”
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 1'S9
LA PALMA, JALISCO
s.n. Dyschoriste mcvaughii [“paratype”; scrips. Munz], 7 June
s.n. “Waltheria americana,’ 7 June, POM 84125
s.n. “Heteropteris laurifolia” [“Shrub 6-20 ft, half climbing, along streams”], 9 June,
POM 77542
sn. Hymenocallis jaliscensis Jones, 9 June, POM 119360
s.n. Marina diffusa, 7 June, POM 27674
s.n. “Crotalaria,” 7 June, POM 27424
s.n. “Arenaria,” 9 June, POM 101142
sn. Dryopteris patens,7 June, POM 121220
sn. Polypodium incanum, 8 June, POM 120084
s.n. Polypodium (Blechnum), 8 June, POM 121074
s.n. Asplenium fragrans,9 June, POM 120860
sn. Gymnogramme (Pityro-), 8 June, POM 121281
sn. Adiantum, 9 June, POM 120312
sn. Bommeria (Gymnogramme), 9 June, POM 121274
2. Ardisia revoluta [scrips. Jones exc. name; det. Thorne], 7 June, POM 77453; dupli-
cate with typed label, POM 89333
7. Piper leucophyllum [scrips. Jones exc. name; det. Thorne], 7 June, POM 86793;
duplicate with typed label, “Shrub 10 feet high,’POM 86773
. Heteropterys floribunda [typed: “Small shrub, 6 to 20 feet or more high, half climb-
ing. Stems 1-3 in. diam.”], 9 June, POM 84733
. Ficus jonesii [isotype (= F. glaucescens)|, 7 June; scrips. Jones exc. name, POM
86291; typed label: POM 86883; “A very large tree, with the general appearance
and habit of the mahogany (caoba) or Gleditschia triacanthos many ash trees”
. Bursera [typed], 9 June, POM 86502; Shrub, 3-10 feet high, like Corylus rostrata
in habit”
48. Jarilla heterophylla, 9 June
56. Iresine [typed description], 8 June, POM 102563; “also at Chiquilistlan”
59. Dorstenia Drakaena [typed], 7 June, POM 86475; “Root 1-2 in long, with light-red
rootlets from its entire length but the strongest are from the end. rootstock erect.
Grows in the shade”
66. Rauwolfia heterophylla, 7 June, POM 75820
85. Thalictrum, 9 June, POM 100098; [typed] “Root leaves (?round red) almost entire,
1 in diam.”
7. Pinguicula oblongiloba, 9 June, POM 85804
110. Sida rhombifolia, 9 June, POM 84029
116. Oxalis, 9 June, POM 86748
117. Jonoxalis macrocarpa |“type”],9 June, US
117. Oxalis [all typed], 9 June, POM 86751; “Pods linear, acute inch long, Seeds
chestnut colored, a line long, oval, acute at each end, longitudinally grooved and
deeply cross-pitted”
131. (?731) Macrosiphonia hypoleuca,7 June
153. Coriaria thymifolia “ruscifolia,” 8 June, POM 28641, POM 28640
183. Inga spuria [typed], 9 June, POM 28216; scrips. in unknown hand: “Large tree
like Juglans nigra, but spreads very widely like the apple, 30-40 feet high, bark
like the black oak but soft”
211. Cologania procumbens, 9 June
—
\©
Oo
Oo
KR
Oo
CO
160 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
La PALMA, JALISCO (cont.)
237. Valeriana densiflora
380. Salvia palmae [“type” ex Epling (not located at US)], 9 June, POM 76691
387. Pedicularis jonesii [“type”], 9 June
416. Acalypha, 9 June, POM 87101
417.same Acalypha (?) [“narrow leaves”], 9 June, POM 86792
417. Acalypha multispicata
433. Euphorbia hypericifolia {2 copies], 9 June, POM 86288
433. Chamaesyce nutans, US (not seen
434. Chamaesyce hirta [cf var. nocens ex V. W. Steinmann], 9 June, POM 86253
457. Bessera elegans, 9 June
460. Polianthes,9 June
462. Encyclia pterocarpum, POM
464. Encyclia aenicta,9 June
465. Spiranthes lanceolata, 9 June, POM
466. Pitcairnia ?palmeri, 7 June
467b. Adiantum capillus-veneris
472. Sisyrinchium, 9 June
473. Tigridia or Nemastylis, 9 June
477. Fimbristylis pentastachya, 9 June
484. Selaginella pallescens,9 June
497. Adiantum thalictroides,9 June
497b. Adiantum thalictroides,7 June, POM
509. Polypodium angustum, 8 June, POM
533. Notholaena galeottii, 7 June
735. Stachys coccinea, 8 June, POM 80030
739.“ Desmanthus” “ Zapoteca,” 8 June, POM 29494
741. Cyperus brevifolius, 9 June
741. Hexadesmia ?crucigera,9 June
743. Pleurothallis ciliaris, 9 June
744. Bletia macristhmochila, 9 June
746. Cuphea, 9 June, POM 69540
751. Ranculus petiolaris,9 June, POM 99304
MANZANILLO COLIMA
sn. Mimosa pigra, 25 June, POM 28628; typed: “Shrub, 6-20 feet high, intricately and
openly branched”
s.n. Agave colimana Gentry [det. McV 1977], June, POM 109143
5. Coccoloba sessiliiflora [“Small tree” typed], 25 June, POM 28998
9. Capparis, 25 June, MSC
13. Stegnosperma halimifolium, 25 Jane, MSC
15. Laguncularia racemosa, 25 June
32.“Malpighiaceae” (but lvs alternate) [typed, “Fig”], 25 June, POM 84025
100. (typed, inked over to 200) “Acacia” “Prosopis” “Called mesquit,” 25 June, POM
103. Podopterus cordifolia Rose & Standl. [isotype], 25 June, POM 86552
141. Indigofera suffruticosa [typed label], 25 June, POM 28019; “Bush 6 feet high, very
open branches long, erect”
141.“/ndigofera anil” [scrips. Jones exc. name], 26 June, POM 26676
167. Caesalpinia eriostachys [name scrips. Jones, label otherwise typed], 25 June,
POM 28333
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 161
MANZANILLO, COLIMA (cont.)
179. Crataeva tapia [det. Iltis],25 June, POM 84247
189. Acacia hindsii, 25 June, scrips. Jones exc. name, POM 29014; typed label, POM
28623; “These spines are the product of a most pugnacious and venomous little
ant, each spine being an ant colony. Normally the spines are 12 lines long and a
line wide and little inflated,”
193. Mimosa laxiflora var. zygoph., 25 June
201. Mimosa pigra, 25 June
201. Mimosa rosei [det. Barneby], 25 June, POM 28629
231. Ludwigia leptocarpa |‘Prostrate. Fls yellow”, 30 June, POM
271. “Dysodia” (?Pectis), 25 June; POM 67061
432. Chamaesyce thymifolia
438. Combretum laxum [“mexicanum’” |, 25 June, POM 83660
452. ?Agave geminiflora [“on rocks touched by sea spray”], June
543. Caesalpinia crista, 25 June
Mitacros, ZACATECAS (Milleagres, Milleagros)
249, Opuntia, 4 May, POM 83298
252. Opuntia, no date, POM 83214
Mogapa, Mosyaba Mrs., see Sierra Mojada.
Ojo CALIENTE, ZACATECAS
s.n. Argemone ochroleuca [det. Ownbey], 9 May, POM 97756; probable duplicate of
POM 97754, Jones 86
s.n. Oenothera kunthiana, 9 May, POM 38610
s.n. Teucrium cubense [det. McClintock], 9 May, POM 69566
s.n. Tragia ramosa, 9 May, POM 86342
sn. Chenopodium glaucum, 9 May, POM 103294
s.n. [Astragalus] hypoleucus, 9 May, POM 45804
s.n. Baccharis pteronioides, 9 May, POM 41767
86. Argemone ochroleuca, 9 May, POM 97754, 97755
113. Oxalis albicans,9 May, POM 86782
151. Lotus puberulus,9 May, POM 27893
158. Dalea bicolor, 9 May, POM 26675, POM 28928
264. Aphanostephus humilis [det. Blake], 9 May, POM 34082
312. Asclepias brachystephana, 9 May, POM 75830
382. Loeselia coerulea, 9 May, POM 74891
397. Lobelia laxiflora var. angustifolia, 9 May, POM 68364; “Flowers yellow”
406. Chenopodium inamoenum [det. Wahl], 9 May, POM 103297
413. Croton, 9 May, POM 86734
415. Acalypha monostachya, 9 May, POM 86730; see also no. 415 under Tuzpan, Jal.
428. Euphorbia stictospora, 9 May, POM 86134
550. Atriplex muricata, 9 May, POM 102886
552. Nama undulatum, 9 May, POM 73691
553. Plantago, 9 May
557. Aphanostephus humilis, 9 May
558. “mixture of Bahia etc,” 9 May
559. Aphanostephus humilis, 9 May
562. Gaura coccinea [det. Raven], 9 May, POM 46360
565. Sida abutifolia [det. P. Fryxell], 9 May, POM 85186
162 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Ojo CALIENTE, ZACATECAS (cont.)
566. Drymaria, 9 May, POM 117068
567, Lepidium oblongum, 9 May, POM 94074
587.“ Acacia constricta” (=? Mimosa), 30 Apr, POM 28438
PASTORILLA (PASTORIA), ZACATECA
s.n. [Astragalus] hypoleucus, 2 eo POM 45799
228. Ludwigia tepicana [“type”],2 May
228. Heimia salicifolia; label typed, POM 38095; smaller duplicate, scrips. Jones exc.
name, POM 83688
316. Asclepias longicornu, 7 May, POM 75835
385. Buddleia sessiliflora [det. Norman], 2 May, POM 76626
425. Jatropha, 2 May, POM 85644
568. Asclepias exilis [type ex Munz]|,2 May, POM 76066
PIHUAMO, MICHOACAN
s.n. Castillea nervata Eastw., 16 June, POM 69367
s.n. Bacopa vandellioides, 16 June, POM 45100
s.n. Bouvardia, 16 June, POM 67585
sn. Ludwigia octovalvis, 16 June, POM 46277
sn. Drymonia (A, B,D & indet.), 16 June, POM 69020
s.n. Tillandsia, 16 June, POM 109082
sn. ? Thevetia, 16 June, POM 77392
6. Dioscorea mitis, 16 June
18. Calyptranthes pallens
51. Dioscorea, 20 June; “vine like the grape and very tall, going to the top of tall
trees”
61. Cissus verticillata, 16 June
68. “Cordia,” 20 June, POM, US
68.“ Rauwolfia heterophylla,’ 20 June, POM 86471
163. Pithecellobium dulce, 16 June
163. “Cassia” [Machaerium salvadorense ex Rudd 1973], 16 June, POM 29587
171. Cologania, 16 June
171. Mixed “Cassia,” Crotalaria, Eriosema, 16 June, POM 29582
214. Brongniartia inconstans, 2
307. Ardisia compressa, 16 June, POM 76404
435. Euphorbia hypericifolia, 16 June, POM 86285
461. Epidendrum ciliare, 16 June, POM
498. Adiantum thalictroides, 16 June, POM
501. Adiantum trapeziforme
504. “Blechnum,” 16 June
S11. Polypodium incanum, 16 June
514. Pityrogramma calomelanos, 16 June
527. Asplenium, 16 June
528. Blechnum occidentale, 16 June
680. Heliotropium, 16 June, POM 72288
683. Calathea atropurpurea [det. H. Kennedy], 16 June
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 163
Ramos, ZACATECAS
s.n. “Teucrium,” 5 May, POM 60044
s.n. Baccharis pteronoides, 5 May, POM 37528
s.n. Astragalus racemosus var. brev,5 Ma
17. “Lycium” Condalia ericoides,6 May, POM 114062, POM 84571
150. Astragalus racemosus var. [scrips. Jones], 5 May, POM 45764
373a. Teucrium laciniatum [scrips. Jones exc. name], 5 May, POM 70294
373a. Teucrium cubense [det. McClintock], 5 May, POM 69548
451.“ Yucca,” 5 May, fragm., POM, 2 specimens
SACOALCO, JALISco (Zacoalco de Torres)
27. Malpighia cordata Small, 16 July, POM 86503; “Isotype”; original label typed,
number clearly 27, as recorded by F. K. Meyer (JE)
37. Malpighia cordata Small, 16 July, POM 84576; evidently a duplicate of POM
86503, original number clearly typed 37, but interpreted by F. K. Meyer (JE) as 27
58. Iresine, 16 July, POM 102565
199. Mimosa monancistra, 16 July, POM 28442
213. Pachyrrhizus (scrips. Jones exc. name], 16 July, POM 27059; duplicate label typed,
POM 28553: “Leaves entire to 5-toothed or 5-lobed on the same plant”
217. Gronovia scandens [typed], 16 July, POM 68269; “Plant is an annual”
319. Philibertia pavonii, 16 July, POM 76073; “woody vine 4 feet high”
352. Thevetia [scrips. Jones], 17 July, POM 75412
519. Sarcostemma pannosum, 16 July; all scripsit Jones; not 319 as reported
575. Enslenia, 16 July
576. Cleome chapalensis {“1st coll.”], 16 July, POM 93793
577. Ruellia, 16 July
SALCILLO, JALISCO (Salsillo)
s.n. Oxalis drummondii, 1 June, POM 86750
s.n. Allionia, 1 June, POM 117271
s.n. Pellaea,2 June, POM 120738
s.n. ?family, 1 June, POM 100423
sn. Tauschia nudicaulis [det. L. Constance1981], 1 June
s.n. Calliandra, 1 June, POM 28242
s.n. Euphorbia eriantha ?,1 June , POM 85474
20. Galphimia glauca [typed: “Shrub 8 feet high, like the lilac in habit”], 1 June, POM
84513
25. Aralia [“like elder, a bush”], 1 June, POM 77826
41. Bursera [typed: “Very much branched, apple-tree-like shrub 10 feet high. Grows
on rocks”, 1 June, POM 86499
41. Bursera [scrips. Jones exc. name], 1 June, POM 117126; same species as POM
86499
106. Vitis tiliifolia [“Salc[illo], along the creek”], 1 June
182. Calliandra (bella) anomala, | June, POM 28241; POM 29009; typed: “Broom-like
shrub stems not branched, 4-8 feet high. Flowers purple, a very handsome plant”
257. Opuntia icterica [det. Scheinvar], 1 June, POM 83415
399. Cuphea llavea, 1 June, POM 69219; “Also San Marcos, Santa Cruz”
164 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
SALCILLO, JALISCO (Salsillo) (cont.)
419. Colubrina ehrenbergii, 1 June, POM; “on rocks on hillsides”
448. Agave (fls.), 1 June
451. “Yucca,” 1 June, POM
456. Weldenia candida, | June;“open places near streams”
458. Hymenocallis jaliscensis, 1 June; “type,” POM 119358; s.n. “9 June’? POM
119369
497b. Adiantum thalictroides, 1 June, POM
517. Pityrogramme (“Gymnogramme’”), | June
756. indet. fragm, | June, POM 86491
SALINAS, ZACATECAS
247. Opuntia, 4 May, POM 83296
286. Compositae (no name), 4 May, POM 66854
573. Opuntia [“Camp Silvio” |, 4 May, POM 83285
SAN Marcos, JALIsco (“Colima,” sensu Jones)
s.n. Richardia, 21 June, POM 69258
s.n. eae nervata Eastw., 21 June, ao 69309
s.n. “Cuphea llavea,” 21 ae POM 6922
s.n. Pitcairnia, 21 June, POM 109081
s.n. Polypodium thysanolepis, 21 June, POM 120082
sn. Polypodium (Blechnum), 21 June, POM 121073
s.n. Preris,21 June, POM 120248
215. Crotalaria, 21 June, POM 27425, POM 27426
486. Selaginella “delicatissima,’ 21 June
497a. Adiantum thalictroides, 21 June
499, Adiantum concinnum, 21 June
503. Aspidium trifoliatum, 21 June
512. Pteris longifolia, 21 June, POM 120249
512. Polypodium, 21 June, POM 12107
S13a. Pityrogramma tartarea var. fallax Domin [lectotype ex Morton 1969], 21 June,
POM 121273
513. Pityrogramma tartarea, 21 June
515. Pityrogramma dealbata, 21 June
516. Notholaena candida, 21 June
529. Thelypteris puberula, 21 June
666. Cyperus odoratus, 21 June
SAN MIGUEL, ZACATECAS
s.n. “Petunia” (“Lake near San Miguel”], 6 May, POM 69341
s.n. Oenothera rosea, 6 May, POM 38420
s.n. Astragalus triflorus [Lake, near San Miguel], 6 May, POM 25896
s.n. Oenothera rosea [“Lake Ness (?near) San Miguel”], 6 May, POM 38421
s.n. Aster [Lake near San Miguel], 6 May, POM 39500
s.n. Apium depressum |“type,” scrips. Jones], 6 May, POM 82793
147. A[stragalus| nuttallianus, 6 May, [“not sent”] POM 45900
157. Marsilia minuta (vestita),6 May, POM 67721; “near San Miguel. Margin of brack-
ish lake, in small mats in the ground”
234. Oenothera rosea [typed; no date], POM 38419; oe of a lake near San
Miguel. This is a perennial, blooming the first year”
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 165
373. Teucrium cubense, 6 May, POM 69549; “Lake near San Miguel”
588. “Coldenia” Nama undulatum, 16 May [sic], POM 69355; “Lake near San
Miguel”
592. [Astragalus] hypoleucus, 6 May, POM 45797; “Lake near San Miguel”
SANTA CRUZ, JALISCO
sn. “Colubrina” or “Ziziphus,” 6 June, POM 86568
sn. ?Guazuma, 3 June, POM 86469
s.n. “probably Mecardonia,” 6 June, POM 43626
s.n. “Cassia” Pithecellobium dulce,” 4 June, POM 29584
s.n. Quercus polymorpha [det. C. H. Muller], 3 June, POM 106184
s.n. Cuphea llavea, 3 June, POM 69221
s.n. Notholaena candida, 4 June, POM 120436
s.n. Encyclia lancifolia, 4 June, POM 114044
s.n. ?/resine, 4 June, POM 102566
s.n. Brongniartia (“Cassia”), 4 June, POM 29590
s.n. Enterolobium (“Acacia”), 6 June, POM 28632; fruit
s.n. Enterolobium (“Acacia”), 6 June, POM 28632; leafy branch
s.n. “Cassia” (not that), 6 June, POM 29580
s.n. Asclepias curassavica [det. R. E. Woodson], 3 June, POM 75838
728. “Evolvulus” (?Turnera), 14 June
s.n. Asclepias senecionifolia, 14 June
s.n. Asclepias senecionifolia [scrips. Munz], 14 June, POM 76072
s.n. Asclepias senecionifolia, 14 June
22. Stillingia zelayensis
28. Psidium [typed; “Called Guayava. Small tree”],3 June, POM 117310
45. Bursera [typed], 4 June, POM 86497; “Called copal. Tree 40 feet high with bark of
paper birch red open branches a very graceful tree, with much varnish like gum”
50. Cissampelos [‘Pistillate of 49 ?”], 4 June, POM 100402
67. Agonandra racemosa (“Prunus”), 7 June, POM 89339
82. Ziziphus amole, 6 June
115. Oxalis drummondii [typed; “Same as 114?”; 114 is from the Volcano of Colima],
7 June, POM 86766
132. Casearia (“Prunus”), 3 June, POM 89335; “Apple like tree, very open, called
“Cerhuela” or plum. Fruit delicious”
144. Brongniartia vicioides ?,4 June, POM 27280; “Low and suffrutescent”
162. Cassia emarginata (Senna), 4 June
165. Tamarindus indica [typed], 7 June, POM 29681; “Tamarind, 50 feet high, very
widely spreading, bark like the locust”
184. Pithecellobium acatlense [typed], 4 June, POM 28217; duplicate no., scrips. Jones
exc. name, POM 29010; “Shrub 10 ft. high”
190. Pithecellobium tomentosum, 6 June
192. Pithecellobium tomentosum, 4 June, US
192. Acacia macilenta, 4 June
202. Enterolobium cyclocarpum, 6 June
206. Mimosa albida [106 typed, inked 206], 4 June, POM 83717; mixture of Legumi-
nosae, Malpighiaceae, Rubiaceae
212. Cologania, 7 June
226. (?Struthanthus), 6 June, POM 67579
377. Salvia sessei [det. Epling], 3 June, POM 70187
377. Buddleja ?floccosa, 3 June
166 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
SANTA Cruz, JALISCO (cont.)
379. Waltheria indica, 7 June
412. Croton ciliatogland., 3 June, POM 87132
422a. Chamaesyce hirta, 6 June, POM 86240; “Sta Cruz SW of Chiquilistlan”
*423. Chamaesyce hirta, US
459. Sprekelia formosissima, 7 June
475. Fimbristylis spadicea, ?4 June
724, (?Verbenaceae), 6 June
726. “Iresine,’ 4 June
728. “Evolvulus” (? Turnera), 14 June
SANTA Cruz No 2, JALISCO
s.n. Castilleja, 14 June, POM 69365
s.n. Cuphea llavea, 14 June, POM 69218
2.“ Cassia” (=Aeschynomene), 14 June, POM 29488
47. Ludwigia peploides |typed], 14 June, POM 38135; “Spreads by rooting, in wet
place
346. cf. Evolvulus, 10 June, POM 71166
SANTA ROSALIA, ZACATECAS
614. Nama hispidum (spathulatum), 15 May, POM 73490
SAYULA, JALISCO
s.n. ?Thevetia, 26 May
291. Baccharis heterophylla [scrips. Jones exc. name], 27 May, POM 40306
291. Baccharis heterophylla, 27 May, POM 37323
354. Passiflora foetida, 26 May, POM 84176
570. Phoradendron carneum, 26 May
SIERRA Mosapa Mountains, CoanulLa (often Sierra Mojada or “Mojada” only)
s.n. Ptelea {[scrip. Munz], 19 Apr, POM 86898, POM 86959
s.n. Polygala longa Blake [det. Wendt], 20 Apr, POM 86385 (?dupl of POM 86381,
Jones 97)
n. Gillastrum purpusii [scrips. Jones exc. name], 20 Apr, POM 74988; see also no.
348, POM 74721
s.n. Senna lindheimeriana, 19 Apr, POM 28407
s.n. Atriplex greggii, ?19 Apr, POM 103087
s.n. Croton, 20 Apr, POM 87330
s.n. “Calliandra,” 20 Apr, POM 28220
s.n. Pellea wrightiana, 19 Apr, POM 120803
s.n. Notholaena aschenborniana, 19 Apr, POM 120714
s.n. Notholaena pringlei?, 19 Apr, POM 120456
42. Aristolochia
52. Aristolochia wrightii [det. Pfeifer], 19 Apr, POM 15941: “Flowers almost black.
Woody at base. Along dry stream beds”
52. Aristolochia wrightii. [scrips. Jones; no descriptive note], 19 Apr, POM 117675
97. Polygala longa Blake [det. Wendt], 20 Apr, POM 86381
98. Polygala robinsonii [det. Wendt], 19 Apr, POM 86380
99. Polygala scoparioides [det. Wendt], 19 Apr, POM 86382; apparent duplicate POM
86509
io)
2005
100.
1
a)
1.
102.
107.
125;
134.
59)
160.
161.
169.
194.
195)
ITE
198.
239%
284.
D935
298.
299,
310.
314.
Byes)
S25:
330.
330
348.
SDE
356.
366.
368.
385.
405.
411.
414.
420.
42
424.
430.
431.
443.
re
450.
476.
482.
MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 167
Polygala scoparioides [det. Wendt], 19 Apr, POM 86510; better duplicate is POM
86383
Polygala alba Nutt. [det. Wendt], 19 Apr, [scrips. Jones exc. name] POM 86508;
typed label, POM 86386
Polygala watsonii Chodat [det. Wendt], 20 Apr, POM 86513, POM 86384
Linum rigidum, 19 Apr, POM 87198
Ceanothus greggii, 19 Apr, POM 85238
Cercocarpus mojadensis [isotype], 19 Apr, [long typed description] POM 89493;
POM 90138
“Dalea formosa” [“not sent”], 19 Apr, POM 28918
Dalea, 19 Apr, POM 29114
Dalea wrightii, 19 Apr, POM 29109
“Cassia” [Sophora secundiflora det. Rudd], 19 Apr, POM 29586; “Bush about
10 feet high”
Acacia roemeriana, 19 Apr, POM 28439; POM 26685
Acacia filicina, 20 Apr, POM 26686
Mimosa (Acacia) texana, 19 Apr, POM 28441, POM 26682
Mimosa sp. [ex Barneby 1985], 19 Apr, POM 28442, POM 26681, POM 28441 p.p.
Calylophus hartwegii, 20 Apr, POM 38418
Bahia, 20 Apr, POM 66654
Chrysactinia mexicana, 19 Apr, POM 30120
Chaptalia [scrips. Jones], 19 Apr, POM 35632
Acourtia nana [det. Villasefior 1990], 19 Apr, POM 38961
Comarophylis polifolia, 19 April, POM 76733
Asclepias capricornu, 19 Apr, POM 76022
Heliotropium torreyi, 19 Apr, POM 262344
“Lithospermum,’ 19 Apr, POM 262350
Fraxinus nummularis [isotype], 19 Apr, POM 76617
Ruellia [det. T. F. Daniel], 1984, 19 Apr; POM 70325
“Gilia rigidula” [ex ?Munz] [Giliastrum purplish], 19 Apr, POM 74721, “Also at
Pastorilla,” and in annot. pasted & typed, “Blue Gilia. Flowers open at 9 o’c a.m.
and close at about 4 0’c p.m. Sierra Mojada Mexico April 18 1892”
Loeselia greggii, 19 Apr, POM 74933
Hibiscus coulteri, 19 Apr, POM 85054
Buddleia marrubiifolia [det. Norman], 19 Apr, POM 69547
same Buddleia, 19 Apr, POM 70326
Salvia roemeriana, 19 Apr, POM 70186
[Amaranth], 20 Apr
Tragia ramosa [det. Urtecho], 20 Apr, POM 86343
Acalypha hederacea, 20 Apr, POM 87098
Calylophus hartwegii, 20 Apr, POM 39929
_ Jatropha “dioica” {scrips. Jones], 19 Apr, POM 85571
same Jatropha, 19 Apr., POM 86409
Euphorbia villifera, 19 Apr, POM 87468
Euphorbia cinerascens, 19 Apr, POM 86132
Quercus intricata Trel. [det. C. H. Muller], 20 Apr, [scrips. Jones exc. name] POM
106183; typed label, POM 106274
cf. Hechtia ,19 Apr; “on rocks in dry places”
Carex (too young), 20 Apr
Melica laxiflora, 19 Apr
168 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
SIERRA MoJADA MOUNTAINS, COAHUILA (cont.)
483. Selaginella leptophylla, 19 Apr
491. Juniperus monticola, 19 Apr
518. Pellaea microphylla, 19 Apr (18 Apr on one sheet), POM
519. Notholaena greggti, 19 Apr
520. Cheilanthes (Notho.) palmeri, 19 Apr, POM
521. Cheilanthes microphylla, 19 Apr, POM
531. Notholaena aschenborniana, 19 Apr, POM
532. Cheilanthes villosa, 19 Apr
542. Notholaena sinuata, 19 Apr
601. Notholaena standleyi, 19 Apr
604. Bouteloua, 19 Apr
609. Carlowrightia, 19 Apr
622. Lesquerellg purpurea, 19 Apr, POM 95989
623. Greggia, 21 Apr, POM 95929
624. Sisymbrium vaseyi?, 20 Apr, POM 94639
632. Nama undulatum, 20 Apr, POM 73759
633. “Oxybaphus linearifolius,” 20 Apr, POM 102492
635. Salvia greggii [|det. Epling], 20 Apr, POM 70203
637. Aristida purpurea, 20 Apr
638. Cheilanthes eatonii, 20 Apr
TAPALPA, JALISCO
s.n. Crataegus,27 May, POM 91729
s.n. Pinus,27 May, POM 120050
s.n. Pinus, 10 June, POM 120648
s.n. Pellaea, 10 June, POM 120798
77. Rhamnus mucronata
103. Lupinus reflexus [det. C. P. Smith], 27 May, POM 24586
VOLUME 24
2121. ?Verbenaceae [opp. lvs.] “ Tournefortia” [label illegible], POM 71325
121. “Viburnum,” 10 June, POM 86247
133. Ximenia parviflora, 31 May, POM 89274; all typed: “8000 ft among pines.” “A
low barberry like shrub with all the lower branches prostrate, and very slender”
191. Mimosa adenantheroides [det. Barneby], 10 June, [typed] POM 28626; [scrips.
Jones] POM 29017
191. duplicate Mimosa polyancistra, 10 June
203. Lupinus ehrenbergii, 27 May
308. Arbutus tesselata, 11 June, POM 77220; [scrips. Jones] POM 77248
318. Asclepias constricta, 10 June
320. Asclepias constricta, 10 June, POM 76060; [scrips. Munz] POM 76061: [scrips.
Jones] POM 75824
381. Prunella vulgaris [“Not sent.”], 10 June, POM 70092
422. Euphorbia radians, 27 May, POM 85513; US
469. Hypoxis fibrata, 10 June
470. Commelina scabra, 10 June, POM
761. Polygala, 10 June, POM 86390
762. “Polygala (Krameria ?), 10 June, POM 86989
767. Anemia, 10 June
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892
TONILA, COLIMA
s.n. Cisampelos, 8 July, POM 100405
s.n. “Cassia” (Aeschynomene), 11 July, POM 29489
s.n. Polypodium thysanolepis, 8 July, POM 120083
220. Guettarda elliptica, 8 July, MSC
281. Calea palmeri (scrips. Jones, exc. name], 1 July, POM 40305
418. Acalypha [scrips. Jones, exc. name], 8 July, POM 86826
418. ?same Acalypha [typed label; “Shrub”], 8 July, POM 86899
500. Adiantum patens, 8 July, NY, POM
506. Polypodium thyssanolepis, 8 July, POM
509a. Polypodium angustum, 8 July, POM
510. Polypodium lineare, 8 July
530. Pellaea aspera, 8 July
534. Cheilanthes kaulfussii, 8 July
537. Anemia hirsuta, 8 July, US
539. Aspleniium fragrans, 8 July
540. Bommeria pedata, 8 July, POM
640. Notholaena “incana,” 8 July
TuxPAN, JALIsco (“Tuzpan”)
s.n. Bursera, 15 June, POM 86501
1. Clethra [scrip. Jones], 15 June, POM 77541
1. Clethra, ?same [typed], 15 June, POM 85631
49. Cissampelos pareira [scrips. Jones exc. name], 15 June, POM 100401
172. Eriosema grandiflorum, 15 June, POM 29581
169
176. Diphysa suberosa [scrip. Jones], 15 June, POM 28995; typed: “Shrub 2-10 feet
high like the ordinary Acacias”
205. Desmodium plicatum, 15 June, POM 29182
415. Acalypha [illeg. typed label], 15 June, POM 86789
415. same Acalypha [scrip. Jones], 15 June, POM 86856
415a. Acalypha grisea, 15 June
593. Tillandsia recurvata [det. L. B. Smith], 15 June
594. Tillandsia tenuifolia L. |? det. L. B. Smith], 15 June
595. Agave cf. pedunculifera, 15 June
597. Aeschynomenne petraea, 15 June, POM 29246
VOLCANO OF Cotta (Volcan)
sn. Salix [unknown to Ball, and Argus], 13 July, POM 106706
s.n. Solanum tuberosum var. boreale, 13 July, POM 69820
s.n. Alchemilla, 13 July, POM 9011-
s.n. [Valeriana clematitis, cf. #4], 13 July, POM 84592
s.n. Ranunculus petiolaris [det. Benson], 14 July, POM 100539
sn. [Lupinus] montanus [scrips. Jones], 13 July, [fruit]POM 24591
sn. [Lupinus] montanus [scrips. Jones], 13 July, [flowers]POM 24589
sn. Calliandra, 14 July, POM 28243
sn. Cerastium, 13 July, POM 101591
sn. Polypodium madrense, 14 July, POM 120086
4. Valeriana clematitis [det. F. Meyer] [“middle elevations”], 13 July, POM 84592
170 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
VOLCANO OF CoLIMA (Volcan) (cont.)
10. Struthanthus condensatus, 14 July, [typed: “middle elevations”] POM 83676;
[scrips. Jones] POM 117676
88. Draba jorullensis [“alpine” |
88. Draba jorullensis, 13 July, POM 94315
92. Arenaria oresbia [“alpine”], 13 July, POM 101531, POM 117060
93. Arenaria bryoides [“alpine”|, 13 July, POM 101541, POM 117063
94. “Drymaria” (Arenaria), 13 July, POM 117079
9S. Arenaria ?saxosa [“alpine”], 13 July
95. Arenaria, 13 July, POM 117061
96. “Drymaria” (Arenaria), 13 July, POM 117080
96. Stellaria ovata, 13 July
114. Oxalis [scrips. Jones], 13 July, POM 85806
114.“Oxalis drummondii?,” 13 July, POM 86767
122. Rhus schmedelioides, 13 July
122. Rhus, 13 July, POM 86045
122. Serjania ? [scrips. Jones], 13 July, POM 86057
126. Ceanothius coeruleus, 13 July, POM 85241
137. Alchemilla vulcanica, 14 July
140. Ribes ciliatum [all typed], 3 July, POM 92269
156. Trifolium amabile, 14 July, POM 27941
156a. Trifolium amabile, 14 July
204. Lupinus reflexus [type, s.n., Jones scrips.], 13 JulyPOM 24587, POM 24975, POM
24588
216. Desmodium sp. [too small to determine], 14 July, (2 species) POM 29181
223. Symphoricarpos microphyllus, 13 July, [scrips. Jones] POM 67494: [typed] POM
224. Fuchsia colimae [“type”], 13 July, POM 83714
225. Fuchsia microphylla, 13 July, POM 83707
232. Raimannia colimae Rose [“isotype”], 14 July, POM 38417
236. Eryngium alternatum [det. Mathias & Constance 1977], 13 July, POM 82995;
“10,000 feet alt. 4-8 feet high”
318. Asclepias pringlei, 13 July, POM 76064
318. Asclepias constricta, 13 Jul
324. Onosmodium, 14 July, POM 71326
325. Lithospermum ? [scrips. Jones], 13 July, POM 71467
325. same Lithospermum [typed label], 13 July, POM 262353
326. Macromeria (“Onosmodium’”), 13 July, POM 72251
347. Cuscuta on Lupinus, 13 July, POM 71171
388. Castilleja glandulosa, 13 July
396. Penstemon kunthii, 13 July
422b. Chamaesyce hirta, 13 July, POM 86242
426. Euphorbia campestris [scrips. Jones], 13 July, POM 85605
426. Euphorbia campestris [typed label], 13 July, POM 85645
427. Euphorbia campestris, 13 July, POM 85646
439. Alnus jorullensis, 13 July
447. Yucca schotti , 14 July
448. “Agave,” 13 July, POM; US (1 Jun)
2005 MCVAUGH: MARCUS E. JONES IN MEXICO, 1892 171
VOLCANO OF CoLIMA (Volcan) (cont.)
449. Agave colimana, 13 July, POM; US (A. pedunculifera)
450. Dasylirion, 14 July
451. Yucca , 14 July, POM 109485
456. “Liliaceae,” 13 July
461. Epidendrum ciliare, 13 July, POM; US
462. Encyclia pterocarpum, 13 July, POM; US
466. Pitcairnia, 13 July
468b. Smilax, 14 July
478. Muhlenbergia quadridentata, 14 July
478a. Calamagrostis, 13 July
479. Piptochaetium virescens, 14 July
487. Arceuthobium vaginatum
490. Abies, 13 July
505. Aspidium trifoliatum, 13 July
507. Polypodium (entire leaf), 13 July
522. Cheilanthes angustifolia, 13 July
524. Asplenium monanthum, 13 July
526. Asplenium castaneum, 13 July
535. Plecosorus speciosissimus 13 July
536. Cheilanthes, 13 July
595. Agave pedunculifera, 13 July, POM
683. Pteridium aquilinum, 13 July
685. Cystopteris fragilis, 14 July
689. Triumfetta brevipes, 14 July
691. Euphorbia cf. francoana, 13 July, POM 86464
699. Oenothera kunthiana [det. P. Raven], 13 July, POM 39328
700. Geranium, 13 July, POM 88925
ZACATECAS, ZACATECAS
s.n. Astragalus diphacus var. peonis [‘type” ex Jones], 16 May, POM 45369
sn. Oxalis albicans, 23 June, POM 86787
sn. Astragalus humboldtianus, 4 May, POM 45893
s.n. “Arenaria,” 23 June, POM 101141
s.n. “Polygala” (?Krameria), 23 June, POM 86389
sn. Dalea argyrea, 23 Apr, POM 28926
89. Reseda luteola, 23 June [sic], POM 85028
91. Drymaria, 23 June [sic], POM 117066
123. Adolphia infesta, 23 June, MSC; POM 85242; same data and typed: “Low and
densely branched shrub”; possibly POM 85401 is the same, but label is illegible.
188. Calliandra [very small], 23 Apr, POM 28221
251. Opuntia, no date, POM 83215
313. Asclepias linaria [scrips. Jones], 23 June, POM 75821
421. Euphorbia radians, 23 Apr, POM 85476
480. Muhlenbergia tenuifolia, 23 Apr, POM
579. Erodium cicutarium, 23 Apr, POM 88766
585. Opuntia [with long typed description], 16 May, POM 83284
623. Lemna, 23 June
2 2 oe aa — - a ae 4 ee ee a
oe : eee =, Sas 7 - oe oe SS eo ae ne eee a a —
ee ei ee ee eee
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 173-187. 2005.
NEW EUPHORBIACEAE FROM MEXICO. II.
Victor W. Steinmann
Instituto de Ecologia, A.C.
Centro Regional del Bajio, A.P. 386
61600 Patzcuaro, Michoacan, Mexico
Recent estimates of the number of species of Euphorbiaceae in Mexico vary
from 782 (Steinmann 2002) to 826 (Martinez et al. 2002), and the state of Michoacan
possesses a rich diversity of these. Rodriguez and Espinosa (1996) reported the
presence of 127 species and 19 genera for the state, whereas Martinez et al. (2002)
reported 164 species and 20 genera. I estimate that the actual number of taxa is closer
to the latter value and even slightly higher with about 185 species and 21 genera pres-
ent. Here six new species are described from Michoacan.
Croton atrostellatus V. W. Steinmann, sp. nov.—Tyre: Mexico. Michoacan: Mpio.
Angamacutiro, along the road from Panindicuaro to Villachuato, 18 km NE
of the Guadalajara-México Autopista and 4.5 km NE of Pueblo Nuevo,
20°06'35"N, 101°41'05"W, ca. 1800 m, 19 Jun 2001, VW. Steinmann 1681
(holotype: IEB!; isotypes: ARIZ! DAV! MICH! WIS!). Fig. 1.
Frutex 2-5 m altus, monoecius, trichomatibus atris dispersis vestitus; folia alterna,
stipulae subulatae, 2.6-6.5 mm longae, petioli 1-3 cm longi, stellato-tomentosi, lami-
nae plerumque ovatae, 2.5-9 cm longae, 1.8-6 cm latae, bicolores, apice acutae vel
acuminatae, basi rotundatae vel leviter cordatae, supra stellato-puberulae, subtus stel-
lato-tomentosae, margine serrulato-denticulato; inflorescentiae terminales, floribus
pistillatis (4-) 6-9, staminatis usque ad ca. 60, bracteae subulatae vel lineares, 1.2-3.1
mm longae, stellato-tomentulosae; florum staminatorum calyx lobis 5, 2.2-2.8 mm
longis, 1.3-1.9 mm latis, petala albida, anguste elliptica, 3.1-3.6 mm longa, stamina
15 vel 16, filamenta filiformia 3.0-3.6 mm longa, villosa, antherae ellipticae, 1.0—-1.2
mm longae; florum pistillatorum calyx lobis 5 (6), aequalibus, ovatis vel oblongis,
3.9-5.2 mm longis, 2.8-3.6 mm latis, ovarium trilobatum, stellato-tomentosum, styli
3, bis bipartati, 3.2-3.9 mm longi, filiformes; capsula depresso-subglobosa, ca. 6.5 mm
longa et 8 mm lata; semina oblonga, 5.2-5.7 mm longa, 3.84.2 mm lata, complanata,
nitida, caruncula 0.8—1.0 mm longa, 1.6—2.1 mm lata.
Shrubs, sometimes aborescent, 2-5 m tall, highly branched, drought-deciduous,
monoecious; stems stellate-tomentose when young, often with a dingy-yellow cast,
with scattered black hairs throughout the whole plant, bark reddish brown. Leaves
alternate, well-spaced on the stem; stipules 2.6-6.5 mm long, subulate, pilose to
tomentulose; petioles 1-3 cm long, stellate-tomentose, lacking glands; blades 2.5—9 cm
long, 1.8-6 cm wide, membranaceous, unlobed, pinnately veined, usually ovate, rarely
elliptic or oblong, apex acute to acuminate, base rounded to slightly cordate, distinctly
bicolored, adaxially stellate-puberulent, green, abaxially stellate-tomentose, white to
dingy yellow, margin serrulate-denticulate, sometimes irregularly so and appearing
erose. Inflorescence a terminal racemelike thyrse to 11 cm long with (4-) 6-9 pistil-
late flowers towards the base and up to ca. 60 staminate flowers along the proximal
portion, pistillate flowers sometimes abortive and the inflorescence then appearing
unisexual, bracts 1.23.1 mm long, subulate to linear, stellate-tomentulose, bracteoles
173
174 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
h
4
LY
= 7
CSS g
oe ER
ST
me,
FIG. 1. Croton atrostellatus. A. Flowering branch, x0.5. B. Leaf apex, x1. C. Stellate hairs, x20. D.
Staminate flower, x4. E. Pistillate flower, x4. F Ovary, x4. G. Seed, dorsal and ventral views, x2.
0.4—-1.1 mm long, filiform, pilose. Staminate flowers on slender, stellate-tomentose
pedicels 2.2—3.1 mm long; calyx 5-partite, lobes 2.2-2.8 mm long, 1.3-1.9 mm wide, tri-
angular-ovate to broadly elliptic, equal, free to nearly the base, apex bluntly pointed,
stellate-tomentose on the outside, glabrous within; petals 5, 3.1-3.6 mm long, 0.7-0.9
mm wide, narrowly elliptic, whitish, free to the base, apex rounded, glabrous on the
outside, villose within and along the margin; stamens 15 or 16, filaments 3.0-3.6 mm
long, filiform and flexuous, villous especially towards the base, anthers 1.0—1.2 mm
long, 0.3—-0.4 mm wide, narrowly elliptic. Pistillate flowers on stout pedicels 1 mm long
or less; calyx valvate-reduplicate (i-e., with adjacent pairs of valvate sepals forming a
2005 STEINMANN: EUPHORBIACEAE dys)
projection at the base), sepals 5 (6) united ca. 1/4 to 1/3 their length, the lobes ovate
to oblong, somewhat accrescent in fruit and enlarging to 3.9-5.2 mm long, 2.8-3.6
mm wide, apex rounded, stellate-tomentose on the outside and along the inner edges,
inner surface otherwise glabrous; petals sometimes present, to 4.3 mm long, strap-
like; ovary 3-lobed, stellate-tomentose, styles 3, filiform, 3.2-3.9 mm long, twice bifid,
rusty-brown, with numerous stellate trichomes. Capsule ca. 6.5 mm long, ca. 8 mm in
diameter (estimates only; fruits had already begun to dehisce), depressed-globose;
columella 5—5.5 mm long. Seeds 5.2-5.7 mm long, 3.8-4.2 mm wide, oblong in dorsal
view, dorsal-ventrally flattened, rounded at the base, rounded and with a minute
nipplelike projection at the apex, microscopically rugulose, shiny; caruncle 0.8-1.0
mm long, 1.6-2.1 mm wide, tan and thin.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMEN EXAMINED. Mexico. MIcHOACAN: Mpio. Angamacutiro, vertiente S del Cerro
Tres Reyes, cerca de Angamacutiro, Rzedowski 52696 (IEB).
The epithet atrostellatus refers to the black stellate trichomes that are scattered
throughout the plant. I am unaware of this feature in any other Mexican species of
Croton, and its occurrence serves to separate this taxon from all others in western
Mexico. Some areas of the plant actually appear to the naked eye to be infested by
a rust, but it is in fact a proliferation of these black trichomes that causes this illu-
sion. According to the infrageneric circumscription of Webster (1993), the presence
of valvate-reduplicate pistillate sepals, eglandular stipules and sepals, and a stellate
pubescence warrants the placement of Croton atrostellatus in section Lasiogyne
(Klotzsch) Baill. No other members of this section are known from western tropical
Mexico (Webster 2001), and the only representative given for Mexico by Webster in
his 1993 conspectus is C. tabascensis Lundell. Apart from lacking the characteristic
black trichomes, C. tabascensis differs in having hispid young stems, leaves that are
not bicolored and only moderately stellate-pubescent beneath, and sepals that are
uniformly pubescent on the inner surface. Also, although supposedly not charac-
teristic of the section Lasiogyne, in C. tabascensis the sepals of the pistillate flowers
possess small, sessile glands. Croton atrostellatus is known from only two collections
in the subtropical scrub of the Bajio region in northwestern Michoacan at elevations
from 1800 to 1900 m. At the type locality it grows sympatrically with C. adspersus
Benth. and C. sphaerocarpus H. B. K. It was collected with flowers in June and with
fruits in October.
Euphorbia calderoniae V. W. Steinmann, sp. nov.—T yee: Mexico. Michoacan: Mpio.
uanajo, Cerro del Burro, pastizal, ladera de cerro, potrero, 2500 m, 3 Dec
1985, J. M. Escobedo 756 (holotype: IEB!; isotype: MICH!).
Herba annua, prostrata; caules usque ad 20 cm longi, supra pilosi vel puberuli,
infra glabri, teretes; folia opposita, petioli 0.3-0.5 mm longi, laminae obovatae vel
oblongae, 0.3-0.6 cm longae, 0.2-0.4 cm latae, basi asymmetricae, rotundatae vel
hemicordatae, apice obtusae, margo integer vel serrulatus; cyathia solitaria, pedun-
culi 0.3-1.2 mm longi, glabri; involucra infundibularia vel fere cylindrica, 0.7-0.9 mm
longa, 0.6-0.7 mm lata, interne pubescentia, glandulae 4, circulares vel ovales, ca.
0.1 mm longae et latae, appendices ut videtur absentes vel angustae, 0.1 mm longae,
0.2 mm latae, flores staminati 5-8; ovarium trilobatum, subglobosum vel ovoideum,
glabrum, styli 3, liberi, 0.3-0.4 mm longi, bipartiti; capsula trilobata, subglobosa vel
ovoidea, 1.3-1.4 mm longa, 1.5-1.6 mm lata; semina triangula, ovoidea, 0.8-0.9 mm
longa, 0.6-0.7 mm lata.
176 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Prostrate annual from a slender, brown, vertical taproot; stems few to many aris-
ing from near the base, to 20 cm long, generally mat-forming and extending radially,
diffuse to compact, moderately to highly branched, internodes 0.5—2 cm long, terete,
pilose to strigulose or puberulent, pubescent only on the exposed surfaces, glabrous
on the portions facing the ground, hairs crisped to recurved or rarely almost straight,
0.1-0.4 mm long, white to purple-tinged. Leaves opposite; stipules of all parts of the
stems similar, 0.2-0.5 mm long, divided into subulate divisions or represented by a
small, triangular laciniately margined scale; petioles 0.3-0.5 mm long, glabrous or
sparsely pilose with spreading white hairs to 0.7 mm long; blades 0.3-0.6 cm long,
0.2-0.4 cm wide, obovate to oblong, with a prominent midvein but the lateral veins
inconspicuous, glabrous to sparsely pilose, base asymmetrical, rounded to slightly
hemicordate, apex rounded at maturity although frequently acute when young,
margin serrulate at least towards the tip but usually entire along the distal 1/2-1/3.
Cyathia solitary in the distal nodes, peduncles 0.3-1.2 mm long, glabrous. Involucre
0.7-0.9 mm long, 0.6-0.7 mm wide below the glands, infundibuliform to nearly cylin-
drical, outer surface glabrous, inner surface pilose below the rim; lobes subulate,
0.1—-0.3 mm long, sometimes divided, sinus shallow and inconspicuous; glands 4, ca. 0.1
mm long and wide, circular to oval, appendages absent or represented by a narrow
rim ca. 0.1 mm long and 0.2 mm wide, glabrous, entire to wavy or bilobed, white to
reddish. Staminate flowers 5-8, bracteoles few, filiform. Gynophore glabrous, exserted
0.9-1.7 mm, ovary 3-lobed, subglobose to ovoid, glabrous, styles 3, free, 0.3-0.4 mm
long, biparted to nearly the base, divisions filiform. Capsule 1.3-1.4 mm long, 1.5—1.6
mm in diameter, strongly 3-lobed, subglobose to broadly ovoid, columella 0.9-1.0 mm
long. Seeds 0.8—0.9 mm long, 0.6-0.7 mm wide, triangular in cross section, the ventral
faces collectively forming a single face, ovoid in dorsal view, blackish to blackish gray,
micropapilliate, apex bluntly pointed, base rounded, dorsal keel prominent, blunt,
uninterrupted, dorsal faces mostly plane, 0.6 mm tall, smooth; caruncle absent.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Mexico. MicHoacan: Mpio. Quiroga, Cerro del Tzirate, L6pez 874a
(IEB); Mpio. Zinapécuaro, 5 km al SSE de Jeréhuaro, Rzedowski 46145 (IEB); Mpio. Uruapan, 5 km al S
de Angahuan, en el Llano Choritiro, Soto Niifiez 13882 (MEXU).
The specific epithet calderoniae pays tribute to Graciela Calder6n de Rzedowski,
a researcher at the Instituto de Ecologia-Centro Regional del Bajio and specialist
of Mexican plants. She is coeditor of the Flora del Bajio y de Regiones Adyacentes,
and all but one of the known collections of Euphorbia calderoniae occur within the
boundaries of this Flora. Euphorbia calderoniae is a member of subg. Chamaesyce,
and like so many other species of the subgenus, the seeds serve to distinguish it. In
habit it resembles a prostrate and diminutive form of Euphorbia nutans Lag. and
apparently is related to this species; however, from this and close allies it is separated
by the possession of seeds with plane and smooth dorsal faces. In related species the
dorsal faces are convex and variously sculptured. In addition, the ventral two faces
of E. calderoniae form a single flat surface, whereas in related species the ventral
two faces usually form a convex surface. The leaves of E. calderoniae are reminiscent
of those of E. serpyllifolia Pers. in both shape and in being mostly entire along the
proximal margin and only serrulate towards the apex; in addition to seed characters,
the pubescent stems readily serve to distinguish E. calderoniae from this species. The
four known localities of E. calderoniae are in the trans-volcanic region of northern
Michoacan, where it is found in grasslands, humid canyons in pine-oak forest, and
scrub vegetation at elevations from 2300 to 2500 m. Flowering and fruiting overlap
broadly, and fertile material has been collected in August and December.
2005 STEINMANN: EUPHORBIACEAE Lar
Euphorbia infernidialis V. W. Steinmann, sp. nov.—Type: Mexico. Michoacan:
Mpio. La Huacana, along MEX 37, ca. 1 km N of Los Ranchos, 18°44'N,
101°00'45" W, + 200 m, 9 May 2002, V. W. Steinmann, G. Puime & B. Vrskovy
2458 (holotype: IEB!). Bigs:
Herba perennis, prostrata vel ascendens; caules usque ad 25 cm longi, pilosi,
teretes; folia opposita, petioli 0.3-0.8 mm longi, laminae variabiles, plerumque oblon-
gae, 0).3-0.5 cm longae, 0.25-0.35 cm latae, basi asymmetricae et hemicordatae, apice
obtusae, margo integer vel leviter serrulatus; cyathia solitaria, pedunculi 1.8-3.3 mm
longi; involucra campanulata, 1.2-1.7 mm longa, 1.1-1.6 mm lata, pilosa, glandulae 4,
ovales, 0.2-0.4 mm longae (radialiter), 0.4-0.7 mm latae (tangentialiter), appendices
semicirculares vel flabellatae, 0.40.7 mm longae, 0.7—1.1 mm latae; flores staminati ca.
25-35; ovarium trilobatum, ovoideum, versus basim et secus carinas pilosum, styli 3,
liberi, 0.3-0.4 mm longi, bipartiti; capsula trilobata, ovoidea, 1.5—1.9 mm longa, 1.4-1.8
mm lata, versus basim et secus carinas pilosa; semina quadrangula, elliptico-ovoidea,
1.1-1.6 mm longa, 0.6—0.8 mm lata.
Prostrate to ascending perennial herb from a brown, thickened, and woody tap
root; stems numerous arising from near the base, to 25 cm long, internodes to 1.5
cm long, terete, uniformly pubescent around the entire circumference; stems, leaves,
peduncles, and involucres shortly pilose with stiff to slightly curved white hairs 0.1—0.2
(-0.3) mm long. Leaves opposite; stipules dimorphic, those of the exposed surfaces of
the stem remarkably reduced, inconspicuous, narrowly triangular to subulate, 0.1-0.2
mm long or apparently absent, those facing the ground mostly united into a broadly
triangular scale 0.3-0.5 mm long with a laciniate-erose margin; petioles 0.3-0.8 mm
long; blades 0.3-0.5 cm long, 0.25—0.35 cm wide, generally oblong but varying to ovate,
obovate or orbicular, base asymmetrical and hemicordate, apex rounded, margin
entire to faintly serrulate. Cyathia solitary at the distal nodes, peduncles 1.8-3.3 mm
long. Involucre 1.2-1.7 mm long, 1.1-1.6 mm wide below the glands, campanulate,
inner and outer surfaces pilose, lobes ca. 0.2 mm long, triangular, sinus shallowly U-
shaped, extending ca. 1/5 the involucre, glands 0.2-0.4 mm long (radially), 0.4-0.7 mm
wide (tangentially), oval, appendages 0.4-0.7 mm long, 0.7—1.1 mm wide, semicircular
to flabellate, glabrous or puberulent on the back, entire to shallowly wavy, white
fading pink. Staminate flowers ca. 25-35, bracteoles numerous, divided and pilose
towards the tip. Gynophore glabrous, exserted 1.3-3.2 mm, ovary conspicuously 3-
lobed, ovoid, stiffly pilose with hairs concentrated towards the base and along the
keels; styles 3, free, 0.3-0.4 mm long, biparted from 2/3 their length to nearly the base,
divisions clavate. Capsule 1.5-1.9 mm long, 1.4-1.8 mm in diameter, strongly 3-lobed,
ovoid, broadest towards the base, stiffly pilose with straight, white, erect hairs 0.1-0.2
mm long, these concentrated towards the base and along the keels. Seeds 1.1-1.6 mm
long, 0.6-0.8 mm wide, quadrangular in cross section, narrowly elliptic-ovoid in dorsal
view, base obliquely truncate, apex pointed, reddish-brown, with a prominent dorsal
keel, dorsal faces 0.5—0.7 mm tall, lightly rippled, sometime with a low but conspicu-
ous longitudinal ridge, nearly plane to slightly convex, ecarunculate.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMEN EXAMINED. Mexico. MICHOACAN: Mpio. La Huacana, ca. 1 km W of Los
Ranchos, along the dirt road leading to the Sierra Las Cruces, ca. 18°42'N, 102°01'30" W, Steinmann 3194
(IEB).
The specific epithet refers to the Infiernillo region of southern Michoacan and
Guerrero. This area is centered around the Presa Infiernillo, a man-made reservoir
resulting from the damming of the Rio Balsas just downstream from its confluence with
178
VOLUME 24
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
598
ID
Obi 6/5”
ED tae Q ff oF
CE Od Se 0
SP ey ey
SW, oe bs
EWES SS
vd) ea OSS
Saye
eS
C3
, a) D¢- , D
i yaa) Zs K Q
ao i = ees,
ve Ae
. | <
oe 4 aff A)
. SO ca RY R wn
FIG. 2. Euphorbia infernidialis. A. Habit, x1. B. Leaves showing united stipules of the underside of
the stem, x5. C. Cyathium, x9. D. Involucre dissected, x10. E. Seed, ventral and dorsal views, x15.
the Rio Tepalcatepec. The only known collections were made just a few kilometers
inland from this body of water. Euphorbia infernidialis belongs to subg. Chamaesyce.
The presence of ovaries with hairs restricted to the base and along the keels suggests
a relationship with E. leuwcantha (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss. and FE. mendezii Boiss.,
and both of these species occur in the vicinity. Yet, these species possess strongly dor-
siventrally flattened stems with long spreading hairs along the margin, larger stipules,
and cyathia in dense and congested lateral shoots of the primary stems. In contrast,
E. infernidialis has terete stems without long spreading hairs, highly reduced stipules,
2005 STEINMANN: EUPHORBIACEAE 179
and cyathia borne solitary at the distal nodes of the primary stems. Oddly enough,
the type collection was made from plants growing in the disturbed roadside directly
adjacent to the highway and the only other known collection was made along the
side of a dirt road. The adjacent vegetation in both of these areas is arid thorn forest.
The only two collections were encountered in full flower during the height of the dry
season (March to May), a time during which most members of subg. Chamaesyce are
dormant. It has also been observed to flower during the summer rainy season.
Euphorbia lottiae V. W. Steinmann, sp. nov.—Type: Mexico. Michoacan: Mpio.
Arteaga, 30.5 km (by road) SSE of the junction with MEX 37 along the road
to Infiernillo, 18°21'58"N, 101°54'09" W, ca. 300 m, 19 Oct 1996, V. W. Stein-
mann & L. Varela E. 1104 (holotype: IEB!; isotypes: ARIZ! MEXU! MICH!
NY! UCR!). Fig. 3.
Herba annua ephemera, prostrata vel decumbens; Euphorbiae barnesii affinis, a
qua foliis basi subpeltatis, ramulis junioribus canaliculatis, pedunculis villosis, pedun-
culis et stylis longioribus differt.
Delicate, prostrate to decumbent ephemeral, almost turgescent and rather hydro-
phytic in character, from a slender taproot; stems numerous, prolifically sprawling,
to 45 cm long, glabrous, the young ones upon drying usually caniculate with several
sharp, whitish to translucent longitudinal ridges. Leaves alternate, well spaced on the
stem; stipules inconspicuous and represented by minute, glanduliform protuberances
0.1 mm long; petioles 0.6-2.7 cm long, slender, usually longer than the blade, glabrous
or sparsely villous with slender, wavy, white hairs 0.4-1.2 mm long; blade thin and
membranaceous, that of the larger leaves 0.9-1.7 cm long, 0.8—1.8 cm wide, broadly
ovate to sometimes orbicular, leaves near the branch tips with the blade smaller and
generally ovate to elliptic, glabrate above, sparsely villous below with hairs like those
of the petiole, rounded or bluntly pointed at the apex, continuous over the adaxial
side of the petiole and thus appearing minutely subpeltate at the base, margin entire.
Cyathia solitary at the nodes at the distal ends of the stems or on open and loose axil-
lary branches; peduncle 2-9 mm long, slender to capillary, villous at least towards the
base. Involucre 0.9-1.1 mm long, 0.7—1.1 mm wide below the glands, campanulate to
infundibuliform, sparsely villous on the outer surface, shortly pilose towards the rim
on the inner surface, lobes ca. 0.2 mm long, oblong to slightly obovate, fimbriate at the
apex; glands 5, 0.1-0.15 mm long (radially), 0.3-0.4 mm wide (tangentially), narrowly
oblong to reniform, light yellow becoming pinkish in age, appendages divided into
4-6 filiform segments 0.3-0.6 mm long, green to whitish. Staminate flowers ca. 20-25,
bracteoles few, plumose towards the tips. Gynophore slender to capillary, extending
to 4 mm long, glabrous, ovary subglobose to oblong, 3-lobed, glabrous; styles 3, 0.5—0.7
mm long, free, biparted to the base, divisions filiform. Capsule 3-lobed, 1.0-1.3 mm
long, 1.2-1.4 mm in diameter, subglobose to ovoid or oblong, columella 1.0-1.2 mm
long. Seeds 0.9-1.1 mm long, 0.6-0.7 mm in diameter, rounded in cross section, ovoid
in dorsal view, light gray to tan, with numerous coarse tubercles interspersed with
several mostly regular longitudinal rows of isodiametric depressions the bottoms of
which contain a punctiform pit, ecarunculate.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Mexico. JALisco: along road from Sierra de los Corrales, Mpio.
Tecalitlan, to Tepalcatepec, Michoacan, Dieterle 3049 (IEB, MICH), Feddema 2230A (MICH); Mpio.
Tecalitlan, cerca de Gallardo, 10 km al NW de Tepalcatepec, Michoacan, Rzedowski 17497 (ENCB,
MICH).—Micuoacan: 11-13 km WSW of Apatzinga4n, along the road to Dos Aguas and Aguililla, Dieterle
4308 (MICH); Mpio. Arteaga, 9 km al N de Infiernillo, 31 km al S de la carr. Arteaga—Nueva Italia, Lott et
180 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
IG. 3. Euphorbia lottiae. A. Habit, x0.2. B. Flowering branch, x0.4. C. Node showing minute glan-
duliform stipules (with leaf and portion of peduncle), x2. D. Flowering tip of branch, x2. E. Cyathium
dissected, x10. F. Seed, dorsal and ventral views, x22.
al. 2001 (MICH); Mpio. La Huacana, ca. 4 km (by road) SE of San Pedro Barajas, along MEX 37, base of
cliffs on the hills W of El Limoncito, 18°46'N, 102°01'30"W, Steinmann & Pérez 2729 (IEB).
This species is dedicated to Emily J. Lott, Euphorbiaceae enthusiast and a
leading authority on the plants of the tropical deciduous forest of western Mexico.
She collected the species at the type locality in 1983. Euphorbia lottiae belongs to
subg. Agaloma and is a member of the E. ocymoidea L. complex. McVaugh (1993)
provided a general overview of this group, recognizing three varieties of Euphorbia
ocymoidea: var. barnesii (Millsp.) McVaugh, var. ocymoidea, and var. subreniformis
(S. Watson) McVaugh. I agree with McVaugh concerning the taxa recognized as well
2005 STEINMANN: EUPHORBIACEAE 181
as the characters used to distinguish them; however, I differ with him in the belief
that they are best treated as distinct species as opposed to infraspecific taxa. These,
together with Euphorbia lottiae, probably form a monophyletic group and are indeed
very similar, so their rank is somewhat arbitrary. I prefer to recognize them as species
for various reasons. All are morphologically distinct from each other by more than a
single character. There are ecological differences as well, with E. /ottiae and E. ocy-
moidea growing at low elevations in tropical vegetation, E. subreniformis S. Watson
occurring at higher elevations in mostly pine-oak forest, and E. barnesii (Millsp.)
Oudejans occurring in both such habitats. Furthermore, their ranges are independent,
and they maintain their distinctiveness even when growing in the same general area.
In McVaugh’s 1993 key, Euphorbia lottiae would come out to E. barnesii, and some
specimens were initially identified as such. Although these two share consistently
5-glanded involucres, glabrous ovaries and capsules, slender to capillary gynophores,
and eglandular branchlets, they differ in a number of features. The following couplet
serves to distinguish them.
1. Young stems drying terete; long spreading hairs restricted to the outer surface of the involucre;
base of the leaf blade attached to the adaxial side of the petiole and not continuous over it;
peduncles 0.5—1 (-1.5) mm long, glabrous; styles 0.3-0.4 mm long. E. barnesii
. Young stems, upon drying, usually caniculate with several sharp, whitish to translucent longitu-
dinal ridges; long spreading hairs sometimes present on the stems and leaves in addition to the
involucres; base of the leaf blade continuous over the adaxial side of the petiole and thus appear-
a minutely subpeltate; peduncles 2-9 mm long, villous at least towards the base; styles 0.5—-0.7
m long.
—
E. lottiae
Euphorbia lottiae also appears to differ from the other species of the complex
by its habit. It is almost turgescent and rather hydrophytic in character, whereas its
close relatives possess more wiry and fibrous stems. As far as I can tell, the branches
of the others are mostly erect to ascending. In contrast, the branches of E. /ottiae are
weak, primarily prostrate to decumbent, and prolifically sprawling. This species is
known from a small number of collections gathered at four localities in the valley of
the Rio Tepalcatepec in southern Michoacan and adjacent Jalisco, where it occurs in
thorn forest and tropical deciduous forest at elevations ranging from 300 to 500 m. It
likely also grows in Guerrero; the type locality is only about 3 kilometers from the
border and with vegetation similar to that of vast expanses in adjacent Guerrero. It
thrives during the brief rainy season, but is one of the first plants to wilt and die as
the rains diminish and the soil dries. All known collections were made from early
September to late October.
Jatropha | Clee W. Steinmann, sp. nov.—T yee: Mexico. Michoacan: Mpio.
rteaga, along MEX 37, ca. 75 km (by road) N of Arteaga and 1 km S of
= Descansadero, 18°38'41"N, 101°58'10" W, + 300 m, shallow ravine on the
rocky hillside above the highway, open thorn forest with columnar cacti, 3
Aug 2001, V. W. Steinmann, E. Carranza & E. Pérez 1810 (holotype: IEB!;
isotypes: ARIZ! MICH! DAV!). Fig. 4.
Frutex usque ad 2 (-—3) m altus, monoecius; folia alterna, stipulae in lacinias
glanduligeras dissectae, 1-2.5 mm longae, petioli 0.3-1.2 (-1.5) cm longi, laminae
variabiles, plerumque oblongae, (0.7—) 1.0-3.8 cm longae, (0.6—) 0.8-3.6 cm latae,
apice obtusae, basi obtusae vel truncatae, margo glanduloso-denticulatus; inflores-
centiae cymosae, dichasiales, 1.5-4.5 cm longae, bracteae ellipticae vel spathulatae,
2-9 mm longae, 0.5—2.5 mm latae, pilosae, margo glanduloso-denticulatus; florum
182 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
staminatorum pedicelli graciles, 3.2-5.5 mm longi, pilosi, calyx imbricatus, lobi 5,
ovati, oblongi vel elliptici, liberi, 3.2-5.5 mm longi, 0.9-2.3 mm lati, corolla imbricata,
lobi 5, spathulati vel oblongi, basi connati, 5.4—6.2 mm longi, 1.7—2.2 mm lati, apice
reflexi, stamina 5, in columnam connata 3.8—5.2 mm longa, antherae oblongae, 1.1—1.4
mm longae; florum pistillatorum pedicelli 1.8-3.5 mm longi, villoso-pilosi, calyx
imbricatus, lobi 5S, plerumque obovati vel spathulati, accrescentes, 6.5-11.8 mm longi,
2.6-5.4 mm lati, corolla imbricata, lobi 5 (6), ovati, 5.3-6.0 mm longi, 2.0-2.5 mm lati,
apice reflexi, ovarium triloculatum, oblongo-ovoideum, basi planum, glabrum, styli 3,
filiformes, 3.1-4.3 mm longi; capsula oblongo-ovoidea, 0.9-1.2 cm longa, 0.7-0.8 cm
lata, trilobata; semina oblonga, 6.5—7.3 mm longa, 3.9-4.4 mm lata, laevia, caruncula
cuculliformis, 1.4-1.9 mm longa, 2.7—3.2 mm lata.
Shrubs to 2 (—3) m tall, multibranched from near the base and highly branched
above, drought-deciduous, with copious reddish latex, monoecious; stems villous, the
hairs nearly straight, 1.1-2.2 mm long, multicellular, white and sometimes purplish
at the base, lower layer of shorter appressed to recurved hairs also present, branches
soft-wooded and flexible, bark brown to reddish brown, slightly roughened and exfo-
liating in thin slivers. Leaves alternate, mostly congested on short, arrested shoots;
stipules represented by irregularly multifid stipitate-glandular structures 1-2.5 mm
long; petiole 0.3-1.2 (-1.5) cm long, with pubescence like that of the stem; blade
(0.7—) 1.0-3.8 cm long, (0.6—) 0.8-3.6 cm wide, membranaceous, with basal attachment
to the petiole, mostly oblong but varying from ovate to elliptic, rarely rotund or shal-
lowly palmately 3-lobed, palmately 3-veined from the base with the midvein more
prominent than the laterals, apex obtuse, base truncate to obtuse, hirsute to villous
on both surfaces, margin minutely denticulate with teeth ending in stipitate glands
0.10.2 mm long, in age the glands sometime shed and the margin appearing entire.
Inflorescences many-flowered dichasial cymes |.5—4.5 cm long, entirely staminate or
with pistillate flowers at the lower first and second nodes, pistillate flowers also some-
times solitary on the short shoots, axis with pubescence as on the stem but the hairs
tending to be shorter, peduncle 0.4—2 cm long, bracts 2-9 mm long, 0.5—-2.5 mm wide,
narrowly elliptic to spathulate, thinly pilose, the margin as in the leaves. Staminate
flowers on slender, pilose pedicels 3.2-5.5 mm long; calyx strongly imbricate, lobes 5,
3.2-5.5 mm long, 0.9-2.3 mm wide, ovate to oblong or elliptic, slightly unequal, free to
the base, apex mostly obtuse, rarely acute, pilose to puberulent on the outside, mostly
ous within, rarely ciliate with stipitate glands; corolla strongly imbricate, lobes
5, 5.4-6.2 mm long, 1.7—2.2 mm wide, broadly spathulate to oblong, united 1/5 to 1/4
their length, apex obtuse, glabrous to minutely puberulent, often puberulent-ciliate,
red-pink, free portion strongly overlapping and appearing united towards the base
but clearly separate above, tips reflexed at anthesis; disk glands 5, 0.6-1.1 mm long,
separate, + oblong, dark brown; stamens 5, united into a column 3.8-5.2 mm long, free
for 0.3-0.8 mm, anthers 1.1—1.4 mm long, narrowly oblong, sometimes with a filiform
appendage 0.5—-1.7 mm long arising from between the anthers, outer whorl of stamens
absent. Pistillate flowers on relatively stout, villous-pilose pedicels 1.8-3.5 mm long;
calyx imbricate, lobes 5, strongly unequal, generally obovate to spathulate, rarely
oblong or ovate, accrescent in fruit and expanding to 6.5—-11.8 mm long, 2.6-5.4 mm
wide, apex obtuse or acute, thinly pilose on both surfaces, stipitate-glandular along
the margin; corolla strongly imbricate, lobes 5 (6), 5.3-6.0 mm long, 2.0-2.5 mm wide,
ovate, united only at the extreme base, apex obtuse, thinly pilose on both surfaces,
pilose- or puberulent-ciliate, pink, tips reflexed at anthesis, caducous and falling as a
single unit, disk annular, undulate and shallowly lobed; ovary 3-locular, oblong-ovoid
with a flat base, inconspicuously 3-angled, glabrous, styles 3, 3.1-4.3 mm long, filiform,
2005 STEINMANN: EUPHORBIACEAE 183
FIG. 4. Jatropha jaimejimenezii. A. Flowering branch, x0.5. B. Node with leaves and stipules, x1, and
detail of two stipules. C. Leaf margin, x5. D. 3-lobed leaf, x0.4. E. Inflorescence, x1. F Staminate flower,
x1.3. G. Staminate flowers with petals and two sepals removed, x1. H. Pistillate flower, «1.5. I. Pistillate
flowers with petals and two sepals removed, x1.5. J. Capsule with accrescent sepals, «1.2. K. Seed, dorsal
and ventral views, x1.2.
united into a slender column for 1/2—3/4 their length, stigma bifid and slightly dilated.
Capsule 0.9-1.2 cm long, 0.7—0.8 cm in diameter, broadly oblong-ovoid, conspicuously
3-lobed in cross section, with a sharp, pointed beak resulting from the persistent
base of the stylar column, generally 3-seeded although sometimes 2-seeded by abor-
tion. Seeds 6.5—7.3 mm long, 3.9-4.4 mm wide, oblong in dorsal view, apex and base
rounded, mottled light to dark brown, smooth, caruncle 1.4-1.9 mm long, 2.7-3.2 mm
wide, hoodlike, mostly dark brown to nearly black.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Mexico. MICHOACAN: Mpio. La Huacana, laderas al O de El Lim-
oncito, 3.2 km al ESE de San Pedro Barajas, 18°46'53"N; 102°01'12" W, Carrillo & Pérez 3188 (IEB); Mpio.
Arteaga, along MEX 37, ca. 75 km (by road) N of Arteaga and 1 km S of El Descansadero, 18°38'41"N,
101°58'10" W, Steinmann 1706 (IEB), Steinmann & Steinmann 1654 (EB), Steinmann & Varela 1123 (IEB);
184 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Mpio. La Huacana, 4 km (by road) SE of San Pedro Barajas, along MEX 37, hills W of El Limoncito, ca.
18°46'N, 102°01'30"W, Steinmann, Lubinsky & Lubinsky 2692 (LEB).
This species is named for Jaime Jiménez Ramirez of the Facultad de Ciencias of
the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. His many contributions on Euphor-
biaceae and in particular Jatropha, including the descriptions of various new species,
have greatly enhanced our understanding of the family in Mexico. The affinities of
Jatropha jaimejimenezii are not obvious, and even its subgeneric placement is prob-
lematic. Following the classification of Jatropha proposed by Dehgan and Webster
(1979), it belongs to subg. Jatropha. This is due to its monoecious sexuality, glandu-
lar-dissected stipules, and oblong seeds with a well-developed caruncle; however, I
cannot further accommodate it within any of the sections. The most unusual feature
of this species is the presence of only 5 monadelphous stamens with the second whorl
of stamens completely absent. As far as I know this morphology is unique within the
genus, and according to Dehgan and Webster (1979) all other species have 8 or 10
stamens, except for J. podagrica Hook. in which the stamens vary from 6 to 14. The
two known stations of J. jaimejimenezii are within 20 km of each other in the Infier-
nillo region of southern Michoacan. The species occurs from 300 to 400 m elevation
on rocky hillsides in relatively open thorn forest dominated by species of Bursera,
Croton, Krameria, Pseudosmodingium, Rahcoma, and Randia, together with several
columnar cacti and numerous leguminous shrubs and small trees. Flowering and fruit-
ing overlap and occur during the rainy season from June to September.
Manihot mevaughii V. W. Steinmann, sp. nov.—T ype: Mexico. Michoacan: Mpio.
Arteaga, along MEX 37, ca. 75 km (by road) N of Arteaga and | km S of
El Descansadero, 18°38'41"N, 101°58'10" W, + 300 m, shallow ravine on the
rocky hillside above the highway, open thorn forest with columnar cacti, 3
Aug 2001, V. W. Steinmann, E. Carranza & E. Pérez 1811 (holotype: IEB!;
isotypes: ARIZ! MICH! DAV!). Fig. 5.
Frutex usque ad 1.5 (—2.5) m altus, monoecius, glaber; folia alterna, decidua,
stipulae glandulosae, 0.1-0.2 mm longae, petioli (0.5—) 0.9-2.4 mm longi, laminae
3-5-lobatae, 1.5—4.5 cm longae, 1.5—-6.5 cm latae; flores solitarii vel binati; florum
staminatorum pedicelli graciles, 0.7—2.4 cm longi, calyx campanulatus, |-1.3 cm lon-
gus, 0.8—-1.2 cm latus, sepala 5, basi connata, lobi ovati, 5.2-7.0 mm longi, 2.4-3.2 mm
lati, stamina 8, filamenta filiformia, 6.5—7.5 mm longa, antherae anguste oblongae,
2.4-2.9 mm longae, 0.4—0.6 mm latae; florum pistillatorum pedicelli graciles, 0.5—1.1
cm longi, sepala 5, libera, anguste ovata, 8-12 mm longa, 2.5-3.2 mm lata, ovarium
ellipsoideum, styli 3, 1.7-2.0 mm longi, capsula subglobosa, 0.9-1.0 cm diametro;
semina elliptico-oblonga, 6.1—6.5 mm longa, 3.9-4.1 mm lata, complanata, caruncula
2.1—2.4 mm longa, 2.8-3.2 mm lata.
Dense, intricately branched shrubs to 1.5 (—2.5) m tall, glabrous throughout,
drought-deciduous, with milky latex, monoecious; bark reddish brown, generally
smooth and shiny. Leaves alternate, mostly well spaced on the stem, sometimes con-
gested, stipules represented by minute, glandlike protuberances 0.1—0.2 mm long;
petioles (0.5—) 0.9-2.4 mm long, slender; blade 1.5-4.5 cm long, 1.5-6.5 cm wide,
membranaceous, with basal attachment to the petiole, deeply palmately 3—5-lobed,
leaf venation camptodromous, central and adjacent lobes mostly obovate when
young but becoming panduriform with development, 1.0-4.2 cm long, 0.8-2.9 cm
wide, apex acute, central lobe only slightly larger than to nearly twice as long as the
2005 STEINMANN: EUPHORBIACEAE 185
A
a B
FIG. 5. Manihot mcvaughii. A. Flowering branch with young leaves, x0.5. B. Mature leaf, x0.6. C.
Staminate flower, x1.5. D. Staminate disk, x2. E. Pistillate flower, x1. F Capsule, x1.5. G. Seed, dorsal and
ventral views, x1.3.
adjacent lobes, apex of the secondary lobes rounded, basal lobes 0.4—1.2 cm long,
0.1-0.6 cm wide, spathulate to obovate or falcate, lacking on young leaves. Flowers
solitary or in staminate-pistillate pairs (rarely in fasciculate groups of 3), borne near
the branch tips. Staminate flowers on slender pedicels 0.7—2.4 cm long and with 3-9
minute, triangular-subulate bracteoles 0.2—-0.3 mm long; calyx 1-1.3 cm long, 0.8-1.2
cm wide at the tip, campanulate, composed of 5 sepals united ca. 1/2 their length, the
free lobes 5.2-7.0 mm long, 2.4-3.2 mm wide at the base, ovate, obtuse at the apex,
yellow at maturity; disc 2.8-3.1 mm in diameter, flattened, conspicuously 8-lobed;
186 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
stamens 8, arising from between the lobes of the disc, filaments 6.5—7.5 mm long, fili-
form, anthers 2.42.9 mm long, 0.4—0.6 mm wide, versatile, narrowly oblong, rounded
at the ends, opening by longitudinal slits. Pistillate flowers on slender pedicels 0.5-1.1
cm long, with | or 2 minute, triangular-subulate bracteoles 0.2—0.3 mm long; sepals 5,
8-12 mm long, 2.5—3.2 mm wide, free to the base, narrowly ovate, obtuse to subacute
at the apex, yellow-green, sometimes reflexed at maturity; disc thick and fleshy, entire,
ovary ellipsoid, without ribs; styles 3, 1.7-2.0 mm long, united ca. 1/2 their length,
dilated into highly lobed, papillose stigmas at the tips. Capsule with both septicidal
and loculicidal dehiscence, on a stout stipe 1-2 mm long, globose, 0.9-1.0 cm in diam-
eter, without ribs, rounded at the apex, light green to yellow-green, with 7 or 8 dark
green longitudinal lines, minutely and irregularly papillose. Seeds 6.1—6.5 mm long,
mm wide, elliptic-oblong in dorsal view, dorsiventrally flattened, rounded at
the bade: with a blunt point at the apex, smooth, grayish to light brown, mottled with
irregular blackish markings, caruncle 2.1—2.4 mm long, 2.8—3.2 mm wide, fleshy, light
yellow, frequently notched at the apex.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Mexico. MICHOACAN: Mpio. Arteaga, along MEX 37, ca. 75 km (by
road) N of Arteaga and | km S of El Descansadero, 18°38'41"N, 101°58'10"W, Steinmann & Steinmann
1651 (DAV, IEB, MICH), Steinmann & Varela 1122 (EB); Mpio. La Huacana, 4 km (by road) SE of San
arajas, along MEX 37, base of cliffs on the hills W of El Limoncito, ca. 18°46'N, 102°01'30"W,
Steinmann & Pérez 2910 (LEB)
It is a pleasure to name this species after Rogers McVaugh, renowned botanist
and expert on the flora of western Mexico. Its initial discovery is in fact due to him, as
it was first encountered while in search of Euphorbia arteagae Buck & Huft around
its type locality, a site visited by McVaugh in 1965. Manihot mcvaughii is noteworthy
for its relatively small leaves and flowers, which are solitary or paired. In almost all
other species of Manihot the flowers are arranged in well-differentiated racemes or
panicles and the leaves are considerably larger. The only other species to possess such
traits is M. pauciflora Brandegee of the Tehuacan-Cuicatlan valley of Puebla and
Oaxaca. Rogers and Appan (1973) assigned M. pauciflora to a monotypic segregate
genus, Manthotoides Rogers & Appan, but it appears to represent an arid-adapted
species of Manihot, and most subsequent authors have treated the two names as
synonyms (e.g., Webster 1994; Martinez et al. 2002). Manihot mcvaughii occurs in the
most xeric region of the Balsas Depression; whether it is closely related to M. pauci-
flora or shares with it characteristics because of similar selective pressures remains to
be determined. Interestingly, the only known localities of M. mcvaughii are the same
three at which Jatropha jaimejimenezii occurs, and at all of these sites the two species
grow side-by-side. The two species also share a similar period of reproduction, with
flowering and fruiting during the rainy season from June to September.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I thank Rogelio Cardenas for preparing the illustrations; Grady Webster for reviewing the manu-
cript; W. R. Anderson for assistance in preparing the Latin descriptions; Eleazar Carranza Gonzalez,
Emmanuel Perez Calix, Perla [vonne Steinmann, and Leonardo Varela Espinosa for assisting in the field;
and the herbaria of ENCB, IEB, MEXU, and MICH for providing access to their collections. Economic
support was provided by a grant from the Comision Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiver-
sidad to the Instituto de Ecologia, A.C. (account number 902-03).
2005 STEINMANN: EUPHORBIACEAE 187
LITERATURE CITED
Dehgan, B., and G. L. Webster. 1979. Morphology and infrageneric relationships of the genus Jatropha
(Euphorbiaceae). Univ. California Publ. Bot. 74: 1-73
Martinez Gordillo, M., J. Jiménez Ramirez, R. Cruz Duran, E. Juarez Arriaga, R. Garcia, A. Cervantes, and
a Hernandez. 2002. Los géneros de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Anal. Inst. Biol.,
Uni c. Aut. México, ser. bot. 73: 155-281.
McVaugh, A “1993. Euphorbiae Novo-Galicianae Revisae. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 207-239.
Rodriguez Jiménez, L. S., and J. Espinosa Garduno. 1996. Listado floristico del estado de Michoacan,
secci6n ITT (Angiospermae: Connaraceae- seonesad aiae RINE Ces Krameriaceae y
Leguminosae). Flora del Bajio y de regiones ady X. Patzcuaro, Micho-
acan: Instituto de Ecologia, A.C., Centro eee ae ‘ ae
Rogers, D. J., and S. G. Appan. 1973. Manihot and ra nbIbia ens Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.
13: 1-272.
Steinmann, V. W. 2002. Diversidad y endemismo de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Acta Bot. Mexi-
ana 61:
Webster, G. L. 1983 A provisional synopsis of the sections of the genus Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon
42: 793-82
. 1994, abe of the genera and suprageneric taxa of Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.
81: 33-144.
. 2001. Synopsis of Croton and Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) in western tropical Mexico. Contr.
Univ. Michigan Herb. 23: 353-388
4 _ ha : = a -
ieee M ee i ee
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 189-225. 2005.
GAZETTEER OF SOME POSSIBLY PUZZLING
COLLECTING LOCALITIES FOR MICHIGAN PLANTS
Edward G. Voss
University of Michigan Herbarium
3600 Varsity Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2287
ABSTRA Listed alphabetically with county assignments are over 500 Michigan localities from
which herbarium specimens have been seen but for which the labels lack county designations. Sites
included usually (1) are not readily located in standard indexes to Michigan place names, (2) can be
confused with other localities bearing the same names, anon (3) have undergone a change in name.
Documentation often cites published references, spec ctors, or dates.
INTRODUCTION
This listing presents some ambiguous, controversial, or obscure Michigan locali-
ties, mostly from which actual herbarium specimens have been seen. It is intended
largely to supplement (or in a few cases correct) entries in Romig’s 1972 Michigan
Place Names and the indexes prepared ca. 1917-1918 by Rand-McNally & Company
for their indexed pocket map of Michigan and their much larger Commercial Atlas
of America. (These two indexes are essentially identical.) My purpose is primarily
to help users assign specimens to the correct county, since the county is widely used
as the basic unit for filing records and mapping distributions. Often, however, more
detailed information can be provided to enable a narrower designation of sites.
Sometimes the same person collected at more than one site bearing identical names.
Sometimes different collectors gathered specimens at sites with the same names.
When I have been able to clarify such situations, clues appear here, in hopes that
persons mapping distributions may avoid jumping to erroneous conclusions.
For 50 years I have been gathering this information, as the necessity was pre-
sented periodically to determine the localities (especially counties) where herbarium
specimens— mostly older ones—with very scant data had been gathered. Others
have often asked for help with fragmentary localities in (or thought to be in) Michi-
gan, and it would appear useful to make this eclectic catalog more widely available
despite the varying and inconsistent level of detail (and of citation) as items accumu-
lated over the years without any intention of eventual publication.
If your favorite obscure site is not included here, that may not be an oversight.
Remember that this list consists primarily of places (1) where plant collectors actu-
ally gathered specimens but generally failed to indicate the county; and/or (2) names
that are repeated and often better known elsewhere in the state (sometimes even in
the same county). Changes of place names and difficulty of locating sites on county
maps are other criteria for listing.
COLLECTORS CITED
Sometimes a collector’s occasional label has an indication of county when other
labels do not. Sometimes a particular collector (with year or date) needs to be cited
to clarify a locality or the collector(s) who visited it. Initials as listed below indicate
189
190 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
the more frequently cited of these persons (as well as authors). More information
about those who flourished in the 19th century—and where their collections may
be found —is in Voss (1978). Other indications rarely given in capitals after citation
of specimens or other data are the internationally recognized symbols for herbaria
where specimens are found (more often given here for out-of-state institutions), e.g..
MO = Missouri Botanical Garden; GH = Gray Herbarium of Harvard University;
BLH = Cranbrook Institute of Science; MSC = Michigan State University. Names
of species and dates of collecting at a site are intended only as examples and are not
necessarily exhaustive. The field notes, rough and crude though they are, of Oliver A.
Farwell have sometimes been very helpful (they are now housed in the University
of Michigan Herbarium).
CWB = Clayton W. Bazuin (1893-1968) CRH = Clarence R. Hanes (1874-1956)
WJB = William J. Beal (1833-1924) FJH = Frederick J. Hermann (1906-1987)
EAB = Ernst A. Bessey (1877-1957) EJH = Ellsworth J. Hill (1833-1917)
CB = Cecil Billington (1876-1950) CFW = Charles F. Wheeler (1842-1910)
EJC = Emma J. Cole (1845-1910)
DC = Dennis Cooley (1787-1860) UMBS = University of Michigan Biological
HTD = Henry T. Darlington (1875-1964) Station (meaning any of numerous col-
CAD = Charles A. Davis (1861-1916) lectors who used local names for area
CKD = Charles K. Dodge (1844-1918) sites, most of which are in Nelson 1956)
CWF = Charles W. Fallass (1854-1942) First Survey = First Geological Survey of
OAF = Oliver A. Farwell (1867-1944) Michigan (cf. McVaugh 1970)
OTHER SOURCES
Published and unpublished sources for information about a site (its location and/
or history) are very incomplete in this list, but some are indicated as follows when
they may be helpful in interpreting sites. Citing of illustrative specimen labels is espe-
cially frequent for monocots, the first group to be written up for Michigan Flora, as |
usually did not bother to record additional supporting citations. Years of collections
are generally preceded by “in”; years of publication or other sources of information
are not. For obscure localities not included here, one should try consulting appropri-
ate published works, such as those listed below and/or papers and published reports
by the collector in question, for example, Cole (1901), Walpole (1924), Hanes (1947).
The Haneses’ 1947 Flora of Kalamazoo County, Michigan often includes clues in text
or introduction concerning their collecting sites, so only a few troublesome ones are
included here. Sometimes collectors provide a clue in their numbers, such as prefix-
ing them with codes; e.g., for collections from counties other than Kalamazoo, Mr.
Hanes often preceded a collection-number with an indication of the county, such as
V.B. for Van Buren Co. or S.J. for St. Joseph Co. [An assistant recording data for me
many years ago, upon seeing a label reading “C. R. Hanes S.J. 171” declared “I didn’t
know that Mr. Hanes was a Jesuit!” There is no end to the confusion that unusual or
cryptic label styles can induce. ]
Beacon, The. 1986—-. Great Lakes Lighthouse Keepers Association. Vol. 12 + [contin-
ues Great Lakes Review].
Ceasar, Ford Stevens. 1978. Forgotten Communities of Central Michigan. 3rd ed.
Wellman Press, Lansing. 83 pp. [Clinton, Ingham, and Gratiot counties; thoroughly
indexed. |
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER eet
Chronicle. 1963-1993 [all published]. Historical Society of Michigan. Vol. 1-27.
[NOTE: In 2002, the Society resurrected the name “Chronicle” but applied it to
its previous “Newsletter” and continued the latter’s numbering (as “Chronicle
& Newsletter”) with Vol. 24 No. 1, creating an overlap in numbering that can
produce bibliographical confusion. |
Cole, Emma J. 1901. Grand Rapids Flora. Van Dort, Grand Rapids. xxii + 170 pp. + map.
Crispin, Susan R. 1980. Nature Preserves in Michigan, 1920-1979. Michigan Bot. 19:
99-242. [A well-indexed directory with details on over 150 tracts with explicitly
protected status as of the date of preparation. |
Farmer, Silas. 1890. History of Detroit and Wayne County and Early Michigan. 3rd
ed. Silas Farmer & Co., Detroit. xlvi + 1028 pp. [Facsimile reprint, 1969, by Gale
Research Co., Detroit.]
Farwell, Oliver A. 1943.““Notes on the Michigan Flora X. Michigan species of Carex
in my herbarium.” [Unpublished 66-page typewritten manuscript, in which Far-
well assigned all of his Carex collections to county—a great help for old interurban
stops and other obscure localities on his labels. |
Foster, J. W., and J. D. Whitney. 1850. Report on the Geology and Topography of
a Portion of the Lake Superior Land District in the State of Michigan: Part I.
Copper Lands. 224 pp. + plates & maps. House Ex. Doc. No. 69, 31st Congress,
Ist Session.
Foster, Theodore G. 1942. Place Names of Ingham County. Mich. History 26: 480-517.
Hanes, Clarence R., and Florence N. Hanes. 1947. Flora of Kalamazoo County, Michigan.
[Authors], Schoolcraft, Michigan. xii + 295 pp.
Humphrys, C. R., et al. 1965. Michigan Lakes and Ponds. Michigan Agric. Exper. Sta.,
Dep. Resource Developm., Water Bull. 15 + 16 + 17 + Lake Inventory Bull. 1-83
+ Water Bull. 12 + 13. [285] pp. [A tremendous catalog of over 35,000 lakes and
ponds, giving exact location, size, and other information, indexed by name (if
any), with summary tables and other statistics by county and statewide. This will
tell you where over 300 Mud Lakes are located (as well as thousands of unnamed
ones)— but not who collected there. |
Mason, Philip P. 1958. Schoolcraft’s Expedition to Lake Itasca. Michigan State Univ.
Press, East Lansing. xxvi + 390 pp.
McVaugh, Rogers, Stanley A. Cain, and Dale J. Hagenah. 1953. Farwelliana: An
Account of the Life and Botanical Work of Oliver Atkins Farwell, 1867-1944.
Cranbrook Inst. Sci. Bull. 34. 101 pp.
McVaugh, Rogers. 1970. Botanical Results of the Michigan Geological Survey under
the Direction of Douglass Houghton, 1837-1840. Michigan Bot. 9: 213-243.
[Includes tables of dates and localities as well as a gazetteer. |
Michigan Botanist, The. 1962—. Michigan Botanical Club. Vol. 1 +
Michigan History. 1917—. Michigan Historical Commission (later, the Michigan His-
torical Center ), Lansing. Vol. 1 +
Michigan Manual. Official Directory and Legislative Manual ... 1887— [biennial].
Secretary of State, Lansing. [AI] volumes include lists of Post Offices and through 1921
they include stops (with mileages) on all railroads (including interurban lines). |
192 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Nelson, Theodora. 1956. The History of Ornithology at the University of Michigan
Biological Station 1909-1955. Burgess Publ. Co., Minneapolis. xvi + 106 pp. + 2
maps. [The Gazeteer [sic], pp. 91-97, lists many sites (sometimes with locally used
names) visited by persons at the University of Michigan Biological Station. An
updated edition under the title “Ornithology at the University of Michigan Bio-
logical Station ...” by Olin Sewall Pettingill, Jr., was issued in 1974 by the Kalama-
zoo Nature Center as Spec. Publ. No. 1. 118 pp. The Gazetteer, pp. 109-111, includes
a few additions but omits a great many of the sites in Nelson’s original work. ]
Parratt, Smitty, and Doug Welker. 1999. The Place Names of Isle Royale. Isle Royale
Natural History Association, Houghton. viii + 85 pp. + folded map.
Romig, Walter. [1972]. Michigan Place Names. Walter Romig Publ., Grosse Pointe.
673 pp. [Facsimile reprint, 1986, by Wayne State Univ. Press, Detroit. |
Voss, Edward G. 1955. Charles W. Fallass (1854-1942), a Pioneer Michigan Botanist.
Asa Gray Bull. n.s. 3: 77-96.
Voss, Edward G., and Garrett E. Crow. 1976. Across Michigan by Covered Wagon: A
Botanical Expedition in 1888. Michigan Bot. 15: 3-70.
Voss, Edward G. 1978. Botanical Beachcombers and Explorers: Pioneers of the 19th Cen-
tury in the Upper Great Lakes. Contrib. Univ. Michigan Herb. 13. viii + 100 pp.
Walpole, Branson A. 1924. Flora of Washtenaw County Michigan. Mich. State Normal
College, Ypsilanti. 80 pp.
Section numbers interpreted in certain townships for collections of Dennis
Cooley are in brackets if they come from later printed plat maps rather than from
some contemporaneous label of his. (Facsimile reprints of 1859 and 1875 Macomb
Co, plats, with detailed indexes, were published in 1983 under the sponsorship of the
St. Clair Shores Historical Commission. )
ADVICE
Many place names (not only of lakes) are duplicated within the state and one
should never assume that all collections by all collectors from a place bearing a name
listed below are necessarily from the same site. It should also be noted that many
19th century collectors used the name of an organized township without specifying
“township” and did not necessarily mean a community of the same name within that
township or elsewhere, e.g., Washington or Shelby [townships] in Macomb County
and Paris [township] in Kent County. Sometimes a collector’s name can be confused
with a locality. Douglass Houghton, Michigan’s first State Geologist (appointed in
1837), traveled over much more of Michigan than most of his contemporaries and
furthermore was a good botanist (a former student of Amos Eaton). A collection sent
out by him on exchange or for identification might have been labeled by the recipient
merely (without date) “Houghton” and could now be misinterpreted as having come
from the city or county of Houghton, later named for him.
Another caution that cannot be repeated too often is to distinguish between a
collecting locality and the collector’s address. C. K. Dodge almost invariably accom-
panied his name with “Port Huron, Michigan,” which is where he lived, not neces-
sarily where the specimen came from. In fact, a collection from “near Port Huron”
might have come from the other side of the river, in Canada, where he also collected
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 193
extensively. Such “near” localities may often mislead, for “near” is a vague term and
another county or even country could be involved. Furthermore, some 19th century
collectors had their home town (e.g., “Ann Arbor”) printed at the bottom of their
blank labels no matter where the specimens were obtained. Many erroneous citations
in the literature result from such deplorable labels.
GAZETTEER, WITH REMARKS
(County name in capitals and brackets)
A
Adams tamarack [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Malaxis monophylla,
Carex brunnescens, C. canescens, C. trisperma).
Adams, G., tamarack swamp [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC 1842 label for Carex
disperma).
Adams, Geo., meadow [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC 1845-1846 labels for Carex
alopecoidea and Poa palustris).
Adams, John [MACOMB]: ca. | mi N of Disco, Shelby Tp.
Agricultural College [INGHAM]: often abbreviated “Agrl. Coll.” and in other ways,
including “M. A. C.” It was founded in 1855, became Michigan State College in
1925, and Michigan State University in 1955; the name of the community offi-
cially became East Lansing in 1907. Consider also College Woods, College Farm,
etc.: and see also entries for Chandler’s Marsh, Michigan State Col., and Towar’s
Swamp below.
Alger’s Camp [ALCONA]: a “short distance west from Mud Lake” (q.v.) [= Barton
City] (CFW et al. in 1888; cf. Voss & Crow 1976, p. 30)
Allen’s Pinery [KENT]: = East St. Pinery in Grand Rapids (cf. EJC label for
Monotropa hypopithys).
Alverno [CHEBOYGAN];: located on the Black River, not the Cheboygan R. as
stated by Romig.
Anderson’s Pond [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Andrews Lake [presumably OAKLAND]: OAF collected on the same dates in
Waterford Tp., Pontiac, and Bloomfield, all in Oakland Co.— but this lake is not
on any map I have located; he cited the lake without county in Am. Midl. Nat.
9: 261. 1925.
Andrews [MACOMB]: H. Andrews property in Shelby [Tp., sec. 4] (cf. DC label for
Aster lanceolatus).
Arethusa Bog [HOUGHTON]: 0.5 mile N of Laurium (cf. FJH label for Carex flava).
[Note that S. H. Camp collected 1891-1893 at an Arethusa Swamp “near Clark’s
Lake” in Jackson Co.]
Armbruster’s Woods [WASHTENAW]: Lodi Tp. (T3S, R5E), variously cited on
labels as sec. 13 or NE% sec. 14.
Ashery brook [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Agrostis gigantea).
194 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Axford, J. S. [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Lithospermum caroli-
niense).
Axford farm [OAKLAND]: Long John Axford farm, Oakland [Tp.] (cf. DC label for
Carex lasiocarpa).
B
Bailey Lake [KENT]: “4 miles east of Grand Rapids” (cf. CWB 1940 label for Lysi-
machia terrestris, his locality is in accord with the map in Cole 1901 although
this lake is unnamed on the 1914 topo map for Grand Rapid quad.: NW% sec.
25, Grand Rapids Tp.; however, that lake is now shown as East Lake on maps.)
[Other maps (both recent and 1918 topo for Lowell quad.) show Bailey Lake in
sec. 19 of Vergennes Tp., mapped by EJC (1901) as Long Lake. Since Miss Cole
had attended high school in Vergennes and later taught there for four years, the
discrepancy is especially odd; Bailey School was across the road from the lake,
which suggests some authenticity to the name in that tp.]
Lake Bailey [KEWEENAW]: ca. 2 miles E of Eagle Harbor (OAF 1943; probably
a better known lake than any of the other half-dozen Bailey lakes in the state).
[The 400-acre Lake Bailey Sanctuary of the Michigan Audubon Society is now
in this area.
Baldwin’s [OAKLAND]: Oakland [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Carex pseudocyperus).
Bangham Rd. Woods [JACKSON]: sec. 3, T2S, R3W (E. A. Stowell in 1956-1960 et
a. AIBC) ):
Bardings [|MONTMORENCY ]: SW corner see. 8, T30N, RIE (Case in 1956 etc.).
Barley Motors [KALAMAZOO]: sec. 4/5, Schoolcraft Tp. (CRH, cf. his labels for
Melampyrum lineare and Lysimachia lanceolata).
Bassett’s Island [GRAND TRAVERSE]: on NE side of Marion (Ford) Island (CFW
in 1898),
Bates farm [MACOMB]: John Bates farm, Washington [Tp.] (cf. Cooley label for
Potamogeton gramineus).
Bear Lake [MANISTEE]: EJH in 1880.
Bear Lake [VAN BUREN]: EJH in 1872 (= ?Great Bear in Bloomingdale ‘Le Or
Little Bear [= Lake 14] in Columbia Tp.; cf. Voss in Michigan Bot. 6: 14. 1967).
Beaver Island: Besides the well-known island in Lake Michigan [Charlevoix Co.],
note that this is also the old name for Manitou Island in Lake Superior off the
tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula [Keweenaw Co.] (cf. Lt. James Allen’s journal
for June 15, 1832 [Mason 1958, p. 175]). There are yet other Beaver Islands in
Minnesota: in Lake Superior (Lake Co., a flora by Lakela in Bull. Torrey Bot.
Club 75: 265-271. 1948) and in the Mississippi River at St. Cloud (cf. Minnesota
Conservation Volunteer Sept.—Oct. 1976, p. 16).
Belle Isle IKEWEENAW}: this tiny island (with National Park campground) on the
northwest side of Isle Royale was so-named in 1915 (Parratt & Welker), and for-
merly had a resort and post office. [It should not be confused with the much bet-
ter-known and thoroughly developed Belle Isle (named in 1845) in the Detroit
River (Wayne Co.); cf. Mich. History 87(6): 5-19, Nov.—Dec. 2003. ]
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 195
Benedict Marsh [OAKLAND]: Oakland [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Carex buxbaumii
and Hierochloé odorata).
Bennett Brook [MACOMB]: SW 35, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Callitriche
verna).
Besser Natural Area [PRESQUE ISLE]: in sec. 13 and 14,T33N, R8E at Bolton Pt.
Bessey Creek [CHEBOYGAN]: = Lancaster Creek of maps, flowing into the NW
part of Douglas Lake (UMBS).
Big Traverse Bay [HOUGHTON]: (OAF 1943; cf. also Traverse Bay, below).
Birchwood [BERRIEN]: just SW of Warren Dunes (CKD collected here in 1917).
Black Pool (Meadow) [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Black River [GOGEBIC]: this is the Black River of Henry Gillman in 1868, flow-
ing into Lake Superior west of the Presque Isle River and Porcupine Mts. State
Park (cf. Peters in Mich. Academician 18: 426. 1986). [There are several other
Black Rivers in Michigan, e.g., in Alcona, Allegan, Muskegon (C. D. McLouth
coll.), Ottawa (see below), St. Clair (C. K. Dodge coll.), Sanilac, and Van Buren
counties. The Black River in Cheboygan Co. flows from Black Lake into the
Cheboygan River near its mouth, but the name is also carelessly applied to the
Upper Black River, which arises in Otsego Co. and flows through small portions
of Montmorency and Presque Isle counties before finally entering Black Lake
in Cheboygan Co. |
Black River [OTTAWA|]: The river and the Black Lake into which it flows were
changed to Macatawa River and Macatawa Lake in 1974 and 1935, respectively.
Blanchard Lake (or “Bog”) [CHEBOYGAN]: = Mud Lake of maps in secs. 21 and
28, T38N, R3W (UMBS).
Blockhouse [OSCODA|]: on Blockhouse Creek, NE sec. 12, T26N, R4E (CFW et al.
in 1888; cf. Voss & Crow 1976, p. 34).
Bloody Run [WAYNE]: Detroit, name changed from Parent’s Creek after a bloody
battle with Indians in 1763; south of what later became Jefferson Ave. (cf. Farmer,
pp. 9-10).
Bodies Creek Meadow [KEWEENAW]: the creek flows into Eagle River at Phoenix
(OAF 1943).
Bohemia, Mt. [KEWEENAW|: sec. 29, T58N, R29W.
Bois Blanc Island [MACKINAC]: CB collected here in 1914 and 1916 (cf. labels for
Taxus canadensis, Salix cordata, etc.) as did others in other years, including S. H.
Camp in the 1890s. CB also collected in 1914 at the island of the same name [also
often corrupted to “BobLo”—to which it was officially changed in 1949] in the
Detroit River, on the Canadian side of the International border and hence in
Essex Co., Ontario (cf. his label for Physalis longifolia and also Farmer, pp. 7-8).
Bootjack [HOUGHTON |: sec. 20, TSS5N, R32W.
Botanical Gardens [WASHTENAW]: The University of Michigan Botanical Gar-
dens have been located at three quite different sites (other than plots as early
as 1897 on the central campus and rented greenhouse space in town). Originally
(1907-1916) they were (in both geography and administration) associated with
the Nichols Arboretum on Geddes Ave. in the NE part of Ann Arbor. From 1916
196 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
until 1960-1961 they were located south of Stadium Blvd. between Packard Rd.
and South Industrial Highway, with the entrance on Iroquois St. Since comple-
tion of the move in 1961, the unit (now named the Matthaei Botanical Gardens)
has been located on Dixboro Rd. in the NE part of Ann Arbor Tp. and W part
of Superior Tp., south of Plymouth Rd.
Bowery Park [LAKE]: on Big Star Lake (CWB in 1947 etc.).
Brandt Woods [CALHOUN]: in sec. 7-8, T2S, R4W (Sheridan Tp.), N of Winnipeg
Lake.
Bridge St. Ferry, West [OTTAWA]: west of Grand Rapids, sec. 20, Tallmadge Tp. (EJC).
Brigham Lake [CALHOUN]: in the Ott Preserve (q.v.); on county maps as Blackley
Lake.
Brown Marsh [KALAMAZOO)|: short distance S of Patton’s marsh (q.v.) (CRH, cf.
his Flora p. 159).
Brown tamarack [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Carex hystericina
and C. tenera).
Brown’s West Woods [KALAMAZOO]: E. L. Brown’s, sec. 22, Prairie Ronde Tp.
(CRH; E. L. Brown located in Schoolcraft, Hanes 1947, p. 224 under Datura).
Brown’s [MACOMB]: Saul Brown’s, Shelby [Tp., sec. 3] (cf. DC label for Aster lan-
ceolatus).
Brownstown [WAYNE]: = Tp. (OAF in 1930).
Bryant’s Bog [CHEBOYGAN|]: very near Douglas Lake in sec. 29, T37N, R3W
UMBS).
Budrow’s Marsh [KALAMAZOO]: sec. 4, Schoolcraft Tp. (CRH, cf. his 1934 label
for Quercus coccinea; his Flora locates Budrow’s farm (p. 253) as “east of Sugar-
loaf Lake”— which could conceivably be near the oak site).
Burlingham’s field [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. 1852 DC label for Salix beb-
biana).
Burton [presumably Tp., GENESEE]: (D. Clarke in 1866).
C
C. & H. Stamp Mills [HOUGHTON]: on shore of Torch Lake at Lake Linden (OAF,
many collections) (cf. Benedict, Red Metal: The Calumet & Hecla Story, pp. 116
and 188. 1952. [The C. & H. company was long the leading copper producer on
Lake Superior. Cf. also Clifton, below. |
Cable Lake [CASS]: sec. 5, TSS, R16W [for no apparent reason the name has been
ropped on some recent county maps].
Cady’s Corner, etc. [WASHTENAW]: long a popular collecting area near the former
general store at intersection of Platt Rd. and Michigan Ave. (i.e., near the NW
corner of sec. 26, Pittsfield Tp. (T3S, ROE). [See also Thomas Bog/woods below.
1 am aware of no collections from Cady (or Cady’s Corners) in sec. 30, Clinton
Tp., Macomb Co., where there was a Post Office 1864-1906 (Romig). ]
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 197
Camp 5 [MENOMINEE]: (cf. CAD 1905 label for Physalis virginiana).
Camp 6 [IRON]: 1.5 miles N of Mansfield (cf. Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich. for 1906, p. 30
and CAD 1905 label for Cynoglossum boreale).
Camp 7 [CHARLEVOIX]: 4.5 miles NW of Vanderbilt [which is in Otsego Co.]
(EAB in 1912).
Camp 7 [MENOMINEE]: ca. | mile W of Faithorn, Menominee River (cf. Mich. Man.
1905, p. 162, Menominee River station on the Minneapolis, St. Paul, and Sault Ste.
Marie RR, and CAD 1905 labels for Agropyron smithii and Carex granularis).
Camp 8 [CRARLEVOIX]: NW% sec. 19, T33N, R4W (EAB in 1912; cf. his labels for
Abies balsamea and Hackelia virginiana).
Camp 9 [DICKINSON]: near Waucedah (CAD in 1905).
Camp Blodgett [OTTAWA]: sec. 28, Grand Haven Tp.
Camp meeting ground [MACOMB]: Bruce [Tp.] (cf. DC 1845 label for Carex tenera).
Campau Woods [WAYNE]: (pencil note in J. M. Sutton’s hand on his label for
Asimina and cf. also CB label for Carya cordiformis).
Camps [see Davis, Peter White, Roth, below]
Canal [HOUGHTON]: (OAF 1943).
Canfield’s Farm [MANISTEE]: now within the southwestern city limits of Manistee;
type locality for Potamogeton hillii (cf. Morong label, 14 Aug. 1882, NY, “pool on
Canfield’s farm, near Manistee”). [The property was acquired by the Manistee
Country Club in the late 1880s and the two pools were drained (letter of Sept.
28, 1959, from C. N. Russell, president of Manistee County Historical Society,
to EGV, quoted in Mich. Bot. 4: 13-14. 1965). Not the same as Canfield Lake, 3
miles to the southeast. ]
Cannon’s farm [MACOMB]: J. Cannon’s, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC 1850 label for
Agrostis gigantea).
Caribou Island [KEWEENAW (Isle Royale)]: East and West Caribou Islands are
immediately SW of Mott Island in the Isle Royale archipelago (only known
site which of the two was not stated—for Antennaria rosea in Michigan).
[Should not be confused with the larger and more remote Caribou Island in
eastern Lake Superior, Ontario, Canada. |
Carlton [MONROE]: = Carleton (cf. CFW label for Uvularia sessilifolia).
Carpenter’s [MACOMB]: Simon Carpenter’s meadow (cf. DC 1845 label for Ranun-
culus acris [no tp. indicated]).
Cascade Glen [WASHTENAW]: ravine S of Huron River near S edge sec. 17, T2S,
R6E, north of Ann Arbor.
Cedar Creek Valley [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Central House [BENZIE]: in Inland Tp. (CFW et al. in 1888; cf. Voss & Crow 1976,
p. 64, note 89).
Central Mine [KEWEENAW]: in SE% sec. 23, T58N, R31 W (J. W. Robbins in 1861
and 1863).
198 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Chamberlain Mill [OAKLAND]: DC in 1839, probably SW% sec. 1, Addison
Tp.— but marsh | mile E (cf. 1839 label for Carex lacustris) would be in Sec. 6,
Bruce Tp., Macomb Co.).
Chamberlin Marsh [OAKLAND]: Addison [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Carex tetanica
var. meadit).
Chandler’s Marsh [CLINTON]: over 3000 acres once owned by Zachariah Chandler,
U.S. Senator from Michigan (bought by him from the Agricultural College, fide
Ceasar 1978 p, 27-28); the marsh mostly in Clinton Co., incl. all portions near
the RR (cf. soils map), but the S part does extend into Ingham Co. (cf. 1933 soils
map). Chandler Farm was “3 miles N of M.A.C.” [Mich. Agric. College] (cf. CFW
1901 label for Senecio pauperculus; cf. also Mich. History 65(3): 10, May-June
1981, and esp. 82(6): 52-53, Nov.—Dec. 1998).
Christianna Lake [CASS]: (J. A. Nieuwland in 1924 etc.).
Clark Lake [JACKSON]: of the 15 Michigan lakes bearing this name, the one in
Jackson Co. (Columbia Tp., P.O. as “Clarklake” 1896— ) is the type locality for
Betula xpurpusii Schneider; however, Clark Lake in Livingston Co. = the “Mont
Lake” (q.v.) of Mary Clark .
Clark Mine [KEWEENAW]: E'4 sec. 4, TS8N, R28W (OAF).
Clay Point [WAYNE]: island near mouth of Detroit River (B. E. Quick in 1913; ef. his
letter to EGV, March 1957).
Clifton (or Cliff) [KEWEENAW]: village at the great Cliff Mine site, nearly 3 miles
SW of Eagle River (with shafts in several sections, including sec. 36, T58N, R32W,
and adjacent sec. 1, TS57N). Oliver A. Farwell (father of the botanist) was agent
in charge of the mine from 1871 (coming from the nearby Phoenix Mine) until
his death in 1881. OAF the botanist collected extensively in the Cliff area. [It
is no coincidence that Hervey Parke, who handled the business records for the
Cliff Mine 1852-1863, was founder of the Parke, Davis firm, which employed the
botanist Farwell from 1892 until his retirement in 1933.] The Cliff lands were pur-
chased by Calumet & Hecla (q.v., as “C. & H.”) in 1909. (For much information,
cf. Chaput, The Cliff: America’s First Great Copper Mine, p. 55. 1971.)
Clifton Marsh [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Eleocharis rostellata,
Poa languida, Carex buxbaumii, etc.).
Clifton Mill Pond [MACOMB]: sec. 6, Washington Tp.
Coalpit Hill [CHIPPEWA]: Sault Ste. Marie [Zina Pitcher collected Adenocaulon
bicolor here June 24, 1826, but his label [MICH] does not indicate whether it
was from the U.S. or the Canadian side. R. D. Williams in 1905, The Honorable
Peter White, p. 95 in chapter on “Sault Ste. Marie before the Canal,” describing
an 1847 incident, implied the U.S. side and referred to “outside of the Sault on
Coalpit hill” where a traveler from Mackinaw to the Sault waited en route to
James Schoolcraft’s store in the fort. Bernard Arbic (pers. comm., 1995) notes
that a letter from John Johnston in 1879 refers to a homestead “about three miles
from the Sault & a mile and a quarter from the river on Coal Pit Hill, command-
ing the view of both channels ..”; Dr. Arbic also notes that some old property
deeds suggest that the site was south of the present campus of Lake Superior
State University, on the east side of the Michigan Meridian.
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 199
College [see Agricultural College]
Colon Junction [ST. JOSEPH]: = Fairfax, 2 miles W of Colon (CFW in 1890 and
1893), cf. label for Carex bicknellii [an 1889 map shows MCRR line to Lansing
crossed here].
Comins [OSCODA]: Comins’ farm (CFW et al. in 1888), on N side of Au Sable River
west of Comins Creek, in sec. 11, T26N, R3E (cf. Voss & Crow 1976, p. 36, note
44): the later community of Comins is 10 miles to the north.
Connor Creek [WAYNE]: mouth is due N of N end of Belle Isle.
Conservation Park [GRATIOT]: S of Alma in sec. 4, TIIN, R3W.
Cordell [CHIPPEWA]: 1 mile W of Spur 459 (q.v.).
Cornell’s [SCHOOLCRAFT]: W. T. S. Cornell’s farm near Hiawatha (cf. CKD label
for Polygonum persicaria).
Cove, The [OAKLAND]: on Lakeville Lake (cf. CB in Pap. Mich. Acad. 11: 51-73.
1930
Cranberry Marsh [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Crisman’s [MACOMB]: Jack Crisman’s land, Washington [Tp., presumably sec. 22 or
27] (cf. DC 1840 label for Aster lateriflorus).
Crooked Pond [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (probably = what now is Crooked
Lake, in sec. 5—a natural lake with a dam, fide Humphrys; cf. DC 1843 label for
Carex viridula).
D
Davis, L. [probably MACOMB]: (DC in 1837, cf. label for Ruwmex crispus); later plats
show property of many Davises in Macomb Co., including Washington Tp., but
the earlier of them show no L. Davis.
Davis, Camp [CHEBOYGAN]: on S shore of South Fishtail Bay, Douglas Lake
[Univ. of Michigan engineering camp established in 1909 and named for J. B.
Davis in 1916; in 1929 the engineers (surveyors) moved to Wyoming and the
Biological Station, established in 1909 immediately east of Camp Davis, moved
to the site of the latter.]
Davis Lake [MONTCALM]: the pool in Vestaburg Bog (q.v.). [This is not any of the
12 Davis Lakes in Humphrys.]
Davis Woodlot [WASHTENAW]: Salem Tp., SE% sec. 16, TIS, R7E (cf. label for
Caulophyllum thalictroides).
Dead Lake [WASHTENAW]: less than 1 mile SW of Whitmore Lake (OAF 1943).
Deer Lick [IONIA]: “2 mi. n.w. of Hubbardston Ionia Co.” (CFW, cf. labels for Scir-
pus olneyi and Eleocharis parvula).
DeGroff meadow [MACOMB?]: (DC in 1853, Elymus virginicus); the DeGroff name
is on old plat maps in Ray Tp. and Hezekiah DeGroff built a sawmill 2 2 miles
E of Davis [= Brooklyn] in Ray Tp. (cf. Eldredge, Past & Present of Macomb
County, 1905) — but DC label offers no clue as to tp. or even county.
200 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Detroit Island: [Door Co., Wisconsin, on the S side of Washington Island; not in
Michigan, just as Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, have nothing to do with Detroit,
Michigan. |
Detroit Zoo [OAKLAND]: sec. 21, TIN, RIE (ca. 2 miles SW of Royal Oak); not in
Wayne Co., as labels are often misinterpreted because of the word “Detroit” (J.
M. Sutton in 1916 (cf. his report in Rep. Mich. Acad. 19: 263-271. 1918).
Devil’s Washtub [KEWEENAW]: SE% sec. 25, T59N, R29W (ca. 2 miles W of Cop-
per Harbor).
Dewey’s [OAKLAND]: Dewey’s in Oakland [Tp.] (DC in 1847, Polygonum
amphibium).
Douglas Farm [KENT]: Fallassburg (CWF in 1886, cf. label for Arabis lyrata).
Douglass Houghton [see Houghton].
Draper School [JACKSON]: SW corner sec. 29, Rives Tp. (Camp in 1893; cf. 1926
soils map).
Duck Lake [MUSKEGON]: at Michillinda (H. C. Cowles in 1906, cf. label for Lemna
minor). {A State Park is now on the north side of this lake, with frontage also on
Lake Michigan. There are about 30 other Duck Lakes in Michigan.
Due West [OAKLAND]: an interurban station “near Rochester” (cf. OAF in Am.
Midl. Nat. 11: 49 [1928], under Carex richardsonii).
Duns Scotus Coll. [OAKLAND]: Southfield.
Dutton’s [CHEBOYGAN]: Topinabee (M. Freeman in 1888, cf. her label for
Monotropa uniflora).
E
Eagle Isle [CHARLEVOIX]: = Old Island in Round Lake, Charlevoix harbor (cf.
letter from William Ratigan to EGV, Nov. 8, 1968). (J. A. Drushel et al. in 1914
and 1915, MO). [N.B.: there is also an Eagle Island in Walloon Lake.]
East Bluff [KEWEENAW]: in sec. 1, TS8N, R28W and nearby (see also Vulcan,
below).
East Lake [CHEBOYGAN]: = the eastern of Twin Lakes of maps, in sec. 7, T38N,
R3W (UMBS).
East Point [CHEBOYGAN]:E side of Douglas Lake at beginning of North Fishtail
Bay (UMBS).
Economou farm [ISABELLA]: sec. 31, T13N, RSW (cf. labels at ALMA).
Edgewater Park [ST. CLAIR]: at Algonac (OAF)
Edgewood [GRAND TRAVERSE]: (CFW in 1898; just E of Traverse City).
Edgewood [HOUGHTON]: apparently at Lake Linden (OAF 1943: he collected at
Edgewood several times in 1941 and 1942).
Edwards Prairie [CASS]: near Edwardsburgh (First Survey, Aug. 1838; cf. McVaugh
1970, p. 242).
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 201
8-mile Creek [GOGEBIC]: west side of Gogebic Lake (EAB in 1919); (cf. label for
Juncus dudleyi).
Entry [HOUGHTON]: = Portage Entry (from Lake Superior to Portage River and
Lake), near Jacobsville.
Esrey Park [KEWEENAW]: on Agate Harbor, ca. 5 miles E of Eagle Harbor.
Eureka [HOUGHTON]: near Laurium (FJH in 1922-1926).
Evergreen Cemetery [WAYNE]: in Detroit, on S edge of Woodlawn Cemetery (q.v.).
F
Farwell, Mt. [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Feeding Ground Lake [MARQUETTE]: SE% sec. 31, T45N, R25W. [There are also
Big and Little Feeding Ground lakes in Ogemaw Co. (Locke in 1941).]
Felt-boot factory [KENT]: source of wool refuse used for fertilizer on the Phillips
farm in sec. 19, Paris Tp., apparently introducing a number of species from the
Southwest (cf. EJC 1901, p. 160 &, e.g., her labels for Erigeron flagellaris, Verbe-
sina encelioides, Chrysopsis villosa, and also Mich. Flora 3: 380. 1996)
Fernwood [BERRIEN]: private nature center on E side of St. Joseph River in sec.
13, T7S, R18W.
Fighting Island: [Essex Co. Ontario, Canada, in Detroit River.|
First Woods [WASHTENAW]: formerly at SW corner Stadium Blvd. and Packard,
Ann Arbor.
Five Lakes [MUSKEGON]: a group of five drying lakes/hollows strongly dependent
on water tables, in southwest part of Eggleston Tp. (TION, R1SW); Carr Lake is
all); cf. McLouth in 1900, Scirpus hallti, et al. Part of the area is now a sanctuary
of the Michigan Nature Association. [I know of no plant collections from Five
Lakes, formerly a settlement and P.O. in Lapeer Co.; cf. Romig. ]
Five Pts. [WAYNE]: Redford Tp. (OAF in 1932). [P.O. here only in 1918 fide Romig. |
Five-mile Pt. [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Flanders meadow [OAKLAND]: Avon [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Carex tenera).
Flint Steel River: [ONTONAGON]
Floodwood [SCHOOLCRAFT]: sec. 14, T43N, R14W, on the Manistique River
(CKD in 1915; cf. Mich. Geol. Biol. Surv. Publ. 31, p. 75. 1921). [Not to be con-
fused with a Floodwood in NW Dickinson Co., from which no plant collections
have been seen. |
Flummerfelt’s [OAKLAND]: Oakland [Tp.] (cf. DC 1848 label for Muhlenbergia
glomerata). [The old 223-acre farmstead was cleared for development early in
2004. ]
Forestry Farm [WASHTENAW]: = Saginaw Forest (q.v.), Ann Arbor.
202 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Fork Township [MECOSTA|]: (S. Lane Wilson in 1961-1978, MSC).
Fraser’s Grove [KALAMAZOO]: southeast of Vicksburg (cf. CRH 1947, p. 127).
Frazer’s (or Fraser’s) [CRAWFORD]: SW4 NW4 sec. 26, T27N, R1W, on North
Branch of the Au Sable River (Voss & Crow 1976, p. 40); sometimes erroneously
attributed to Oscoda Co. (CFW et al. in 1888).
Fruit Belt [KALAMAZOO]: old RR line in NW part of Texas Tp. (cf. CRH label for
Tephrosia virginiana).
G
Galien River [BERRIEN]: river is entirely in the county.
Garden City [KEWEENAW]: old mine site near Eagle River (OAF 1943; coll. 1886,
1940, etc.). [Not the Garden City in Wayne Co., W of Dearborn. ]
Gates Bog [|CHEBOYGAN]: sec. 22,T37N R3W (UMBS).
Geddes [WASHTENAW]: N¥% sec. 36, Ann Arbor Tp.
Col. George’s Estate [OAKLAND]: sec. 17, Bloomfield Tp. [Not to be confused
with the E. S. George Reserve, given by Col. George in 1930 to the University of
Michigan, in Livingston Co.]
Gleason’s Bog [CHEBOYGAN]: just E of Bryant’s Bog (q.v.) (UMBS).
Glenn Island [INGHAM]: in Grand River just S of Grand Trunk RR bridge in Lan-
sing (cf. Foster 1942, p. 492).
Glenn Pier [ALLEGAN]: W of Glenn, NW% sec. 31, Ganges Tp.(C. H. Kauffman in
1910 and associated by him with South Haven; cf. Mich. Manual maps).
Goff Plains [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Carex muhlenbergii, Bromus
kalmii, Pyrola rotundifolia).
Goguac Lake [CALHOUN]: SW of Battle Creek (E. L. Greene in 1902, ND-G).
Gorge [CHEBOYGAN]: ravine at source of Carp Creek in sec. 33, R37N R3W
(UMBS).
Government Marsh [ST. JOSEPH]: 6 miles SW of Vicksburg (cf. F. W. Rapp label for
Sorghastrum nutans).
Grand Marais [ALGER or KEWEENAW]: harbor (so known since 1660) and vil-
lage in Alger Co.; a less well-known harbor E of Eagle Harbor, Keweenaw Co.).
[There is also a third Grand Marais on Lake Superior, in Cook Co., northeast-
ernmost Minnesota. |
Grand River at Mill Rd. [WAYNE]: Mill Rd. = Southfield Rd.
Grand Traverse Bay [cf. Traverse Bay and Little Traverse Bay entries below. |
Grapevine Pt. [CHEBOYGAN|]: W of South Fishtail Bay in Douglas Lake, sec. 28,
T37N, R3W (UMBS).
Gratiot Range [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 203
Gratiot River [KEWEENAW]: (Lewis Foote in 1865). [A county park is now at the
river mouth. |
Graveraet River [HOUGHTON]: mouth on Lake Superior SW of Salmon Trout
River (cf. also Peters in Mich. Hist. Rev. 27(1): 82-85. 1991).
Great Lakes Engineering Plant [WAYNE]: shipyards on the Detroit River at Ecorse
(CB, Sept. 18, 1915; cf. label for Echinochloa walteri).
Green [ONTONAGON];: (Pammel & Fisk in 1926; but there are other Green(e)s in
Michigan).
Green’s [MACOMB]: Lazarus Green’s (DC in 1839), sec. 28, Washington Tp. (cf.
county history).
Green Star Trail [CHEBOYGAN|: crosses secs. 34 and 35,T37N, R3W (UMBS).
Greenwood Park [BERRIEN]: sec. 21, Hagar Tp.
Gregoryville [HOUGHTON]: also Gregory Springs (OAF). Gregory was at the N
end of Torch Lake, opposite Lake Linden (cf. old Calumet quad. topo map).
Gull Prairie [KALAMAZOO]: near Richland (which formerly bore this name; First
Survey in 1838; cf. McVaugh 1970 and Romig).
Gull Rock [KEWEENAW]: off the west end of Manitou Island (cf. Beacon 20(2):
8-10, Summer 2002 and 20(3): 21, Fall 2002). [Not to be confused with Gull
Islands NE of Passage Island, Isle Royale Natl. Park.]
Gun Lake [ALLEGAN/BARRY]: less than 3% of the area of this lake is in Allegan
Co.; the rest is in Barry Co., including the large peninsula in the lake, where some
collections have specifically been made. However, the Post Office of the same
name (closed in 1905) is listed as in Allegan Co., presumably because the mail
came via Shelbyville in that county. “Gun Lake” collections almost certainly are
from Barry Co.—where also Yankee Springs State Park now has frontage on
the lake.
H
Haddon [MACOMB]: sec. 23, Washington Tp.
Hamilton at Belt Line [WAYNE]: (CB).
Hammond Woods [WASHTENAW]: (OAF 1943; cf. also map in Walpole 1924).
Harwoods’ Woods [WASHTENAW]: NE sec. 27, Pittsfield Tp. (Ruth B. [Alford]
MacFarlane coll. and pers. com. 2002); cf. also Cady’s above. Now included in the
Pittsfield Preserve (of the township of the same name).
Hayes Pt. [KEWEENAW]: at Copper Harbor (cf. map in Mich. History 61: 225.
CHE:
Hazel [HOUGHTON]: probably near Lake Linden (OAF Oct. 7, 1934; attributed to
Houghton Co. by OAF in Am. Fern Jour. 27: 12. 1937).
Hebard Park [KEWEENAW]: county park, sec. 26, TS9N, R29W.
Hemlock Island [CASS]: in Magician Lake (cf. H. S. Pepoon’s labels).
204 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Henry’s Woods [BAY]: in Bay City (fide annotation in unknown hand on 1894 G. M.
Bradford specimen of Uvularia grandiflora at MSC).
Hermit’s [CHEBOYGAN]: in Reese’s Bog (q.v.), sec. 5, T36N, R3W (UMBS).
Hersey’s [OAKLAND]: James Hersey’s mill pond, Oakland [Tp.] (cf. DC 1852 label
for Carex richardsonii). {But Romig locates James Hersey’s sawmill, built in 1824,
in Avon Tp.— which was not separated from Oakland Tp. until 1835, while other
sources locate it, built in 1819, more precisely in S% sec. 10, Avon Tp.|
Hickory Flats [WASHTENAW]: variously located (if at all) on labels ca. 1924-1925
as 5 or 6 miles south of Ann Arbor; no more precise site seems known (cf. labels,
e.g., for Plantago cordata, Zanthoxylum americanum).
Hidden Lake Gardens [LENAWEE]: in Franklin Tp., ca. 2 miles W of Tipton.
Highland Park [KENT]: a municipal park of this name is in Grand Rapids, north of
the Grand Trunk RR and east of the Grand River.
Highland Park [OTTAWA]: a resort at Grand Haven (Mary B. Fallass in 1893-1896,
etc.). [The elegant 19th century Highland Park Hotel was destroyed by fire in
December of 1967.]
Highland Park [WAYNE]: A town now completely surrounded by Detroit; this is the
Highland Park most often meant by collectors, at least from the Detroit area.
Hill’s Creek [KEWEENAW]: mouth on Lake Superior ca. 1 mile SW of Gratiot
River (cf. Lewis Foote 1865 label for Ranunculus reptans). [Sometimes corrupted
to “Mill Creek” on maps. ]
Hill’s pond [MACOMB]: (DC in 1845), N% SW sec. 27, Ray Tp. (cf. 1859 map).
Hog Creek [ST. JOSEPH]: (First Survey in 1838; cf. McVaugh 1970, p. 242).
Hog Island [WAYNE]: = Isle au Cochons, in 1845 renamed Belle Isle, in Detroit
River; also once known as Rattlesnake Island (q.v. and cf. Beacon 18(4): 4, Winter
2000-01). [Not to be confused with Hog Island in the Beaver group, Charlevoix
Co. Furthermore, ca. 7 miles E of Naubinway (Mackinac Co.) are Hog Island
Creek, Hog Island Pt., Little Hog Island (in Lake Michigan), and Hog Island
Rd. leading to Rexton.]
Hogback Rd. [CHEBOYGAN]: on the high ground above N end of Reese’s Bog
(q.v.) (UMBS).
Holland [ALLEGAN/OTTAWA|]: 32nd St. is the county line: higher numbers are in
Allegan Co., lower numbers in Ottawa Co.
Hoop Lake [CHEBOYGAN]: near center N edge sec. 2, T36N, RIE; a bog near (but
not connected with) the marl-forming chain of Twin Lakes (UMBS).
Hosner Marsh [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (DC in 1843 etc.; but most Hosner
properties were in Bruce Tp. fide plat maps).
Houghton, Douglass, Creek [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Houghton, Douglass, Falls [HOUGHTON]: ca. 1 mile NW of Lake Linden.
Houghton, Mt. [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 205
Howell Junction [LIVINGSTON]: = Annpere, ca. 1 mile SE of Howell.
Hubbardston [IONIA]: note that the village borders on Clinton Co. and specimens
may be from that county. Erwin F. Smith’s home was 3.5 miles E of Hubbardston
and thus well into Clinton Co. [See also entry for Deer Lick.]
Hunter’s Point [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
I
Incline [HOUGHTON]; (a frequent collection site for OAF; “the Lake Linden termi-
nus of the railroad from which the rock cars were switched to the rope-controlled
inclined-plane railway leading to the stamp mills and the docks.”—C. Harry
Benedict, Red Metal: The Calumet & Hecla Story, p. 116. 1952).
Indian Village [WAYNE]: in Detroit, between Jefferson Ave. and Mack Ave. (CB in
Ingleside [CHEBOYGAN]: resort area on NW side of Douglas Lake, near Bessey
Creek (q.v.) in sec. 17,T37N R3W (UMBS).
Iron River [ONTONAGON|: just west of Silver City (H. Gillman in 1868); not the
outlet of Lake Independence in Marquette Co., nor the community in Iron Co.
Little Iron River of Gillman is just a mile farther west.
Irwin’s Woods [WASHTENAW]: sec. 4, Sharon Tp. (T3S, R3E).
Island Lake [LIVINGSTON]: (OAF July 16, 1905; CFW May 31, 1898) [there are ca.
30 other Island Lakes in Michigan].
Isle aux Péches [Essex Co., Ontario, Canada] (CFW in 1892, etc.; cf. Peach I.
below).
Isle Royale Mine [HOUGHTON]; just south of Houghton [not on Isle Royale,
although there was an “Isle Royale and Ohio Mine” there].
Isle Royale Stamp Mill: moved in late 1880s from Houghton [Houghton Co: 16
Republic [Marquette Co.] (cf. Mich. History 53: 115. 1969).
J
Jam One [KALKASKA]: original name for Sharon (changed when a Post Office
was established), where the North Branch of the Manistee River flows into the
Manistee, near NW corner of T25N, R6W (CFW et al. in 1888; cf. Voss & Crow
1976, pp. 54-55).
Jenison Park [OTTAWA]: W end of Lake Macatawa (fide 1932 county map).
Jennings [MISSAUKEE|: in Lake Tp., Missaukee Co., but in 1922 most of the town
was moved 11 miles west to Cadillac in Wexford Co. (cf. Chronicle 22(2): 13,
July—Aug. 1986).
Junior [OAKLAND]: (OAF collected here and at Harris July 13, 1918)
206 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
K
Kady’s [WASHTENAW]: a misspelling on some labels = Cady’s (q.v.).
Kapp, G. W. [MACOMB]: wheat field, meadow, Washington [Tp.] (DC, cf. 1845 labels
for Carex tenera and C. formosa).
Keeler Marsh [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (DC in 1839 and 1849, cf. labels for
Carex lanuginosa and C. sartwellii).
Keeler’s, N. [MACOMB]: sec. 21 and 28, Washington Tp. (fide 1859 plat map). [Not
the crossroads of Keeler in Van Buren Co.]
Keweenaw Point [HOUGHTON/KEWEENAW]: [Most 19th century collectors did
not restrict this “Point” to the tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula, as modern maps
show it, but included at least the northern portion of Houghton Co. (or even
parts of Ontonagon and Baraga counties; cf. Voss, 1978, p. 77). Map in Foster and
Whitney 1850 indicates the Point as far S as latitude of Houghton; and an 1832
observation by Lt. Allen (in Mason 1958, p. 178) notes that the “Point” is “often
applied to the whole peninsula.”
Keweenaw Portage [HOUGHTON]: the Portage Lake Ship Canal, completed in
1874, now accommodates small boats crossing the Keweenaw Peninsula via
Portage Lake, where the early explorers had to portage their canoes to avoid
the long (and dangerous) route around Keweenaw Point; David B. Douglass,
Douglass Houghton, and others found such bog species as orchids and pitcher-
plants along the portage. The north end of the present canal is at the west end
of McLain State Park.
Killarney Point [GOGEBIC]: on Tenderfoot Lake, not in Wisconsin as labeled by P.
E. Hebert (fide B. Hellenthal),
Kline Farm [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.] (DC in 1853, cf. label for Ranunculus flabel-
laris).
Knapp swale [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (DC, cf. label for Scirpus atrovirens).
Kruzel’s Bog [EMMET]: NW sec. 25, T35N, RSW (UMBS; now the Orchis Fen
Preserve of Little Traverse Conservancy).
L
Lake Glazon [KEWEENAW]: sec. 28, T59N, R3W (OAF).
Lake Louise [CHARLEVOIX]: = Thumb Lake, in Hudson Tp.
Lamb’s [MACOMB]: Lamb’s meadow, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC 1845 label for Carex
fenera).
LaSalle Island [MACKINAC]: in Les Cheneaux, north end of Lake Huron (J. R.
Churchill in 1910, MO, and misleadingly said on his labels to be “near Sault Ste.
Marie”).
Laughing [White] Fish River [ALGER]: (Gillman in 1867; similarly, Laughing Fish
Pt):
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 207
Lawrence Marsh [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Solidago patula
hybrid).
Leach’s [MACOMB]: Ike Leach’s, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Carex cris-
tatella).
Leadley Park [INGHAM]: amusement park on N side of Grand River, promoted
about 1892 and later named Waverly Park (on E side of Waverly Rd.) (fide an
unrelated Mr. Leadley of Lansing, phone Dec. 1961, and cf. Foster 1952, p. 498)
(Kedzie in 1893, MSC).
LeFurge Woods [WASHTENAW]: sec. 27, T2S, R7E (Superior Tp.). A frequent col-
lection site for OAF and others, now in the 325-acre LeFurge Woods Nature
Preserve of the Southeast Michigan Land Conservancy.
Lennox Ave, [WAYNE]: Detroit (OAF 1943).
Limberlost [OAKLAND]: Bloomfield Tp.
Limestone Mt. [HOUGHTON]: TSIN, R35W. [Not in Baraga Co., as stated by N. C.
Fassett.on July 2, 1938, labels. |
Linden Park [WAYNE]: Detroit (was in Hamtramck [Tp.] (cf. Farmer, p. 4).
Linwood [HOUGHTON]: at Lake Linden (OAF collected here Sept. 19,1941. [Not
to be confused with the much better-known Linwood in Bay Co.
Little Lake [MARQUETTE]: ca. 3-5 miles E of Gwinn; this is presumably the “Little
Lake” of Dachnowski in 1906, although not in the Marquette Quadrangle (nel-
ther is the very much smaller Little Lake just W of Teal Lake); the town of the
same name (but P.O. then called Forsyth) was on the Chicago & Northwestern
RR 22 miles SE of Negaunee—suggesting that Dachnowski traveled through
Little Lake and Sands (q.v.).
Little Traverse Bay [HOUGHTON]: on west side of Keweenaw Bay, ca. 3-4 miles
S of Keweenaw Co. (OAF July 28, 1939). [Not to be confused with the better
known Little Traverse Bay in Emmet Co.]
Livingston Bog [CHEBOYGAN]-in sec. 2, T36N, R3W (UMBS).
Locke’s [Corner]: [OAKLAND]: (OAF 1943; cf. CB labels for Quercus muehlenbergii
“near Farmington” and Fraxinus quadrangulata “near Farmington Jct.”).
Loda Lake [NEWAYGO]: 2 miles N of Diamond Lake.
Long Lake [GENESEE]: = Lake Fenton (cf. Soil Survey publ. in 1914).
Longyear Tract [MARQUETTE]: ca. 5 miles W of Marquette.
Lookout, Mt. [KEWEENAW]: sec. 3, T58N, R3W. The Nature Conservancy now has
a preserve there.
Lothrop [WAYNE]: (OAF on Oct. 21, 1917; CB collected same day at Grosse Pte.).
Lowell Mills [WASHTENAW]: on Huron River in Superior Tp.; in 1850s a sawmill
here, near where Ypsilanti Paper Co. was later located (coll. by F. B. H. Brown
in 1901 and N. A. Harvey later ; cf. Chapman, History of Washtenaw County, pp.
1073, 1143, and 1204. 1881). [Sometimes on labels merely as “Lowell” — easily
confused with the village and township of the same name in Kent Co.]
208 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Lumberjacks Park [GRATIOT]: W of Alma on Pine River, in SE% sec. 18, T12N, R4aW.
Lyons [MACOMB]: Elias Lyons, Ray [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Carex plantaginea, May
30; 1352),
Lyons [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Aster dumosus, Sept. 11, | 637),
M
M b [OAKLAND]: Marl bed at Parkedale (q.v.) (OAF: cf. Rep. Mich. Acad. 15: 151,
etc. 1915).
Mack Ave. woods [WAYNE]: Detroit (OAF 1943; cf. also Rep. Mich. Acad. 20: 187.
1919).
MacCurdy Ecological Tract [MONTCALM]: includes Vestaburg Bog (q.v.; cf. also
Crispin 1980).
Mackinaw City [CHEBOYGAN/EMMET]: Although usually listed as being in
Cheboygan Co. (where the Post Office and most of the business district are), by
far the greater part of the area of the village has long been in Emmet Co. (the
south end of the Mackinac Bridge now marking the division point). [Note that
this name has never applied to Mackinac Island (Mackinac Co.), although vague
terms like “Mackinaw” and “Michilimackinac” often referred in times past to the
whole general area. |
Macon Creek (or River) [L_ENAWEE/MONROE]: (Folwell in 1832: cf. Mich. Bot.
17: 180 footnote. 1978).
Magician Beach [CASS/VAN BUREN]: Most H. S. Pepoon labels cite Van Buren
Co., but a map in his unpublished flora of Magician Lake clearly shows Magician
Beach in both counties.
Malony (Malone) Lake [CHEBOYGAN|: sec. 11, T38N, R3W.
Mama Juda Isl. [WAYNE]: in Detroit River E of N point of Grosse Isle (cf. Farmer,
p. 7,and Beacon 18(2): 8-11, Summer 2000).
Mamie Lake [?GOGEBIC]: T44N, R41W, on Wisconsin border. [HTD wrote (Rep.
Mich. Acad. 22: 148. 1921) that his (and EAB’s) Gogebic County headquarters
in 1919 were “at Bent’s camp on the south side of Mamie Lake and less than a
mile from the Wisconsin line.” The lake was said to cover “nearly a square mile.”
The location for their 1920 field work was likewise “in the vicinity of Bent’s
Camp in the southeastern part of the county.” (Pap. Mich. Acad. 1:74. 1923). Dr.
Darlington confirmed in conversation with me that the camp was on the south
side of Mamie Lake. Yet, Michigan maps show Mamie lake almost entirely in
Wisconsin (and Wisconsin maps concur), with barely the northern tip extending
into Michigan. Bent’s Resort is shown at the S end of Mamie lake, in Wisconsin
well south of the Michigan line (not north of the state line), in a map [?1932]
of Gogebic County, drawn by George W. Koronski, Gogebic County Engineer;
however, on that map a narrow strait of Mamie Lake is shown north into Michi-
gan. How far from “Bent’s Camp” HTD and EAB collected would determine
the county (Gogebic in Michigan or Vilas in Wisconsin). And of course “Mamie
Lake” may once have included what later maps separately identify as East Bay
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 209
Lake (entirely in Michigan) and West Bay Lake (partly in Michigan), these three
areas separated from each other by more or less narrow straits, with East Bay
even included in West Bay Lake in a 1917 plat map.]
Manhattan Mine [KEWEENAW]: immediately south of Cliff Mine (q.v.), but never
achieved its production.
Manitou Isl. (and adjacent Gull Rock) [KEWEENAW]: (cf. Beacon 20(2): 10-12,
Summer 2002). [North Manitou and South Manitou islands in Lake Michigan
are entirely different, in Leelanau Co.]
Manly farms [MACOMB]: Macomb [Tp.] (cf. DC 1845 labels for Carex intumescens
and C. retrorsa).“J. W. Manley’s farm” on 1845 Sparganium eurycarpum label is
uncertain; 1875 plat shows it in sec. 3, Shelby Tp., but there is no such clue on
1859 plat.
Marl Bay [CHEBOYGAN]: northwest bay of Douglas Lake (UMBS).
Mason [BRANCH]: an old name (also Masonville) for Coldwater (First Survey; cf.
McVaugh 1970, pp. 242-243). [Do not confuse with city of Mason, county seat
of Ingham Co.—nor with Mason Co. or any of the three or more other Masons
in Michigan, all presumably named for the state’s first governor, Stevens T.
Mason. |
McCallum’s Creek [HOUGHTON]: E of Torch Lake (OAF 1943).
McCracken’s marsh [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Aster lateriflorus).
McCracken’s [OAKLAND]: John McCracken’s, Avon [Tp.] (cf. DC 1848 label for
Carex eburnea).
McGregor’s [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC 1840 label for Aster lanceolatus).
Meadow Mine [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Menominee River Station [MENOMINEE]: (See Camp 7 above, CAD in 1905).
Merriweather [ONTONAGON|: on Lake Gogebic (L. H. Pammel in 1926).
Mesnard, Mount [MARQUETTE]: sec. 34-35, T48N, R35W (Dachnowski in 1906 et
al.: cf. Rep. Mich. Acad. 9: 89. 1908).
Michigan Hollow: [This is a sedge fen ca. 16 km SW of Ithaca, New York, and is not
in the state of Michigan at all.]
Michigan State Col.: [Specimens so labeled by Asa Gray (GH) were sent to him by
the First Survey and refer to a State Collection, not to the Michigan Agricultural
College, which was not founded until 1855, with the name changed to Michigan
State College in 1925. Attributing these specimens to Ingham Co., as done in
some monographs (cf. discussion of some Lysimachia taxa in Mich. Bot. 6: 20-21.
1967), is a gross anachronism; the specimens in fact came from various sites
around the state (cf. also McVaugh 1970).]
Middle Beach [OAKLAND]: (OAF 1943, for specimen from M. T. Bingham).
Military Hill [ONTONAGON]: near Lake Mine (Greenland Tp.).
Mill Rd. [OAKLAND/WAYNE]: = Southfield Rd. (OAF collections of June 23, 1920,
are from Wayne Co. [OAF 1943]).
210 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Mill Rd. & Grand River [WAYNE].
Mill Rd. woods [WAYNE]: Detroit (Redford) (cf. OAF labels for Polygonatum pube-
scens and also citations in Am. Midl. Nat. 11: 76-77. 1928).
Miller’s [MACOMB]: Jo. Miller’s, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Agrostis gigan-
tea, Agropyron trachycaulum, Sphenopholis nitida, Linum virginianum).
Miller’s [MACOMB]: Worcester Miller’s, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC 1848 label for
Carex normalis).
Milwaukee Jct. [WAYNE]: RR junction 4 miles N from Detroit station on the Grand
Trunk system (cf. Mich. Man.),
Mines. Locating old mine-sites can be a problem, but some early botanists did collect
at such locations. (Some mining operations imported physicians from New Eng-
land, and some of these —as was common in that day—collected plants. James
Watson Robbins is perhaps the most prolific of the physicians who collected
in the “Copper Country” [see Voss 1978, p. 77].) A number of individual mines
appear alphabetically in this Gazetteer. Many old mine locations are indicated to
this day on county maps, sometimes as names of associated settlements (or ghost
towns). In addition, the following list of early copper mines may prove helpful:
the locations are from a “Tabular Statement of the Mines in the Lake Superior
Land District” (in Foster & Whitney 1850, pp. 146-151); counties are added but
not all sites are verified (e.g., the first one):
Adventure [ONTONAGON]: SW%4 sec. 35, T58N, R38W [evident error for
TSN (the indicated tp. does not exist)].
Albion [KEWEENAW]: sec. 11, T57N, R32W.
Bohemian [KEWEENAW]: SE% sec. 29, T58N, R29W.
Cliff [KEWEENAW]: SW4, sec. 36, TS8N, R32W.
Copper Falls [KEWEENAW]: SE sec. 11, T58N, R31 W.
Douglass Houghton [ONTONAGON]: NW4 sec. 15, TSN, R37W.
Forest [ONTONAGON]: SW sec. 30, TSON, R39W.
Forsyth [KEWEENAW]: SE% sec. 33, TS7N, R32W.
Lac La Belle [KEWEENAW]: NE sec. 32, TS58N, R29W.
Minesota [ONTONAGON]: NW%4 sec. 15, TSON, R39W [due to an alleged
clerical error, originally spelled this way and not “Minnesota” as intended
(cf. also Romig and Mich. History 82(6): 20, Nov.—Dec. 1998)].
North American [KEWEENAW]: NE sec. 2, TS7N, R32W.
Northwest [KEWEENAW]: sec. 15, TS8N, R30W.
Northwestern [KEWEENAW]: sec. 24, TS8N, R31W.
Ohio & Isle Royale [KEWEENAW (Isle Royale)]: SE% sec. 34, T66N,
R34W.
Ohio Trap Rock [KEWEENAW (Isle Royale)]: SW sec. 5, T49N, R40W.
Phoenix (formerly Lake Superior) [KEWEENAW]: secs. 19 and 20, TS58N,
R31W [but later maps have Old Phoenix Mine in sec. 30].
Pittsburg & Isle Royale [KEWEENAW (Isle Royale)]: NW‘ sec. 12, T6SN,
R36W.
Siskawit [KEWEENAW (Isle Royale): SE% sec. 34, T66N, R34W.
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 211
Misery Bay [ONTONAGON|]: at mouth of Misery River near Houghton County
line, on Lake Superior (OAF 1943; Lewis Foote in Aug. 1865— but there is also
a Misery Bay in Alpena Co.).
Monfore [MACOMB]: vic. of Disco, Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Polygonum
hydropiperoides and Solidago speciosa).
Mont Lake [LIVINGSTON]: ca. 3.5 miles N of Brighton (now = Clark Lake) on line
between sec. 7, T2N, R6E, and sec. 12, T2N, RSE (Mary Clark collected here ca.
1838).
Montreal [HOUGHTON]: (OAF 1943).
Montreal River [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Moon’s marsh [MACOMB]: (?sec. 7, Washington Tp. [only Moon property in 1859
Macomb Co. plat]; cf. DC label for Gentianopsis procera).
Morris’ farm [MACOMB]: Benj. Morris’, Ray [Tp.] (DC in 1845, cf. label for Lactuca
biennis).
Morrison’s [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.]: (DC in 1841).
Mount(ain): [see specific name].
Mud Lake [ALCONA|]: renamed Barton City in 1912 (CFW et al. in 1888; cf. Voss
& Crow 1976, p. 29).
Mud Lake [CHEBOYGAN]: the most often cited (UMBS) Mud Lake in Cheboygan
Co. is mostly in sec. 7, T37N, R2W (Inverness Tp.); much of the bog is now in
the Wendy O’Neil Preserve of the Little Traverse Conservancy. Some other of
the county’s Mud Lakes have been “renamed” by UMBS people (cf. Blanchard
Lake above).
Mud Lake [probably DICKINSON]: Of over 300 “Mud Lakes” in Michigan, there
appear to be none “25 miles southeast of Ishpeming” (F. P. Metcalf, Sept. 1922),
which would be in Alger Co.; however, there are several in northeastern Dickin-
son Co., + SSW of Ishpeming, and probably where the collector was (cf. his labels
for Andromeda glaucophylla and Ledum groenlandicum, A).
Mud Lake [WASHTENAW]: ca. 2 miles SW of Whitmore Lake in Webster Tp. and
now a research property of the University of Michigan (Crispin 1980); but there
are 6 other Mud Lakes in the county indexed by Humphrys, not including any in
R2S, R7E (Superior Tp.), as apparently mapped by Walpole (1924).
N
Natural Wall [HOUGHTON]: ravine near Old Colony Mine, which was in sec. 18,
TS6N, R32W (OAF Aug. 26, 1935)
Neasmith Crossing [KALAMAZOO]: on Grand Trunk RR, Schoolcraft Tp. (CRH,
cf. his Flora, p. 255, under Rudbeckia triloba).
Neithercut Woodland [CLARE]: sec. 17, T17N, RSW (Surrey Tp.) (an outdoor educa-
tion tract of Central Michigan University).
ie CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Nelson Lake [CHEBOYGAN]: on line between secs. 15 and 22, T38N, R3W; a county
road bisects the [drying or intermittent] lake, which shows on older county maps
as Nolten Lake, as does a different lake (UMBS).
New Baltimore [MACOMB/ST. CLAIR]: on the county line (OAF’s nos. 8551-8569
in 1929 are attributed to the St. Clair Co. side of the line [cf. his field notes]; he
attributes 6389 and 6390 in 1922 to Macomb Co. Some other collectors may not
have been so precise). For A. J. Pieters’ 1893 collections from Lake St. Clair near
New Baltimore (cf. Bull. Mich. Fish Comm. 2. 1894), his map shows no county
line — which would be just W of 80°45'W longitude as shown on his map; if a
label mentions some specific site or station in the lake, it may be possible to
assign a county.
New England Mine [MARQUETTE]|:sec. 16,T47N, R27W (Mary Clark in 1871 and
LeT2);
Newburg Dam [CALHOUN]: on N Branch, Kalamazoo River, 0.5 miles W of Jack-
son Co. line.
Nichols’ Bog [CHEBOYGAN]: a farm pond in sec. 2, T36N, R3W (UMBS).
Nigger Creek [|CHEBOYGAN]: now renamed as the less offensive “Mullett Creek.”
flowing into Mullett Lake ca. 2 miles NE of Topinabee (UMBS).
Nolten Lake [CHEBOYGAN]: on older maps = Nelson Lake (see above); both older
and later maps (incl. USGS Mullett Lake quad) show a lake of this name in sec.
18, T38N R3W and this is also known as Nolten Fen (UMBS).
Normal [MARQUETTE]: = Northern State Normal School (now Northern Michi-
gan University), Marquette (A. Dachnowski in 1906). [“Normal” is also short-
hand on labels (CMC) for the Central State Normal School (now Central Michi-
gan University) in Mt. Pleasant. Similarly, expect the same cryptic abbreviation
for the former Normal Schools in Kalamazoo (Western Michigan University)
and Ypsilanti (Eastern Michigan University), so that context such as origin of
herbarium specimens may be needed for interpretation. |
North Cliff Pond [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
North Park [KENT]: west of Softwater Lake.
Norton Hills [OAKLAND]: Oakland [Tp.] (cf. DC 1839 label for Carex muhlenbergit).
Norton’s [MACOMB]: Hugh Norton’s meadow, Ray [Tp.] (cf. DC label for Carex
fenera).
O
Oak Grove [BAY]: presumably sec. 8, TI4N, R6E (G. M. Bradford in 1893 and 1901).
Oakwood [WAYNE]: site noted for halophytes, on River Rouge in sec. 28, Ecorse
Tp. Originally named Navarre, renamed Oakwood in 1918, but annexed by
Detroit in 1922 (Romig). (OAF, CB, et al. Sept. 23 and 30, 1916: sept. 15, 1918:
cf. Rhodora 18: 243-244 [1916] and Am. Midl. Nat. 11: 46 [1928], under Cyperus
esculentus; also Sept. 30, 1930; and cf. F. B. H. Brown in Rep. Mich. Acad. 19: 219
[1918]).
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 215
Osceola Mine [HOUGHTON]: ca. 1 mile N of the village of Osceola, near Lauri-
um—nowhere near Osceola Co. in the Lower Peninsula.
Ott Preserve [CALHOUN]: Harvey N. Ott Preserve, 315-acre natural area in secs.
3, 4,9, and 10,T2S, R7W (Emmett Tp.). Established in 1926 as the Battle Creek
College Biological Preserve; when that college closed, Albion College obtained
the tract and dedicated it as the Ott Preserve; sold in 1977 by Albion to Calhoun
County to be administered through the Parks Commission (Crispin 1980; pers.
comm., W. J. Gilbert).
Overlook Farm [CHARLEVOIX]: SW% sec. 22, Eveline Tp. (Eisendrath in 1959—
1970).
Owen Woods [WAYNE]: Detroit (cf. 1900 W. Cook label for Aster laevis).
P
Paige (Page) [EMMET]: on Little Traverse Bay (near S edge sec. 16, T35N, RSW)
along the RR between Menonaqua Beach and Ramona Park. (cf. 1902 plat map);
CWE often collected here 1899-1923.
Palmer Park [WAYNE]: in Detroit (cf. Mich. History 65(2): 29-32, March-April
1981).
Palmer’s Farm [OSCODA|]: Dr. Oscar Palmer’s farm was in sec. 6, T26N, RIE (CFW
et al. in 1888; cf. Voss & Crow 1976, pp. 39-40, footnote 49).
Paradise [GRAND TRAVERSE]: community near the Kingsley RR station and
later incorporated into the village of Kingsley, in Paradise Tp. (CFW et al. in
1888; cf. Voss & Crow 1976, p. 61). [Quite different from the village of Paradise
on Whitefish Bay in Chippewa Co.|
Paris [KENT]: collectors in the Grand Rapids area (e.g., H. M. Bailey in the 1890s)
refer to Paris Tp., in Kent Co.—not to the Mecosta Co. community (originally
named Parish for a founder, but the final A was inexplicably dropped; cf. Mich.
History 71(2): 15, March-April 1987).
Parkedale [OAKLAND]: near Rochester (S of the Van Hoosen farm). OAF collected
extensively here, at the research property owned by his employer, Parke, Davis
& Co., which acquired it in 1908. [Three photos of the “Parke-Davis Biologi-
cal Farm” are between pp. 46 and 47 in Eula Pray, History of Avon Township
1820-1940 (Ann Arbor, 1986), with relevant text on pp. 55-S8. The facility was
sold in 1998 by Warner-Lambert, which had absorbed Parke, Davis. For OAF’s
flora of Parkedale, including description and map, see Rep. Mich. Acad. 15:
150-192. 1914.]
Partridge Brook [MACOMB]: John Adams’ land = ca. | mile N of Disco, Shelby Tp.
(cf. DC label for Cuscuta gronovii).
Partridge Island [MARQUETTE]: in Partridge Bay of Lake Superior, NW of Mar-
quette.
Patton’s Marsh [KALAMAZOO]: | mile SE of Harrison Lake, Prairie Ronde Tp.
(CRH, cf. his Flora p. 159).
214 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Pawpaw Woods [WASHTENAW]: sec. 1, Lodi Tp. (cf. FJH labels for Populus hetero-
phylla and Epifagus virginiana).
Peach [orig. Péche] Island: [Essex Co., Ontario, Canada—E (upstream) of Belle Isle,
at source of Detroit River (cf. Farmer, p. 7)].
Pennnellwood [BERRIEN]: S of Berrien Springs.
Penny Lake [CHEBOYGAN]: NE% sec. 15, T38N R3W (UMBS).
Peter White’s Camp [ALGER]: 800 acres on Whitefish Lake, ca. 4 miles S of Deerton.
CKD collected here in 1916; cf. R. D. Williams, 1905, The Honorable Peter White,
pp. 201 and 203). [The property is now included in the 1700-acre Laughing White-
fish Lake Preserve of The Nature Conservancy, presented in 1993 by relatives of
Peter White (an early founder of Marquette) and of George Shiras III (White’s
son-in-law) (cf. Mich. Conservancy News, Spring 1993.|
Pewabic Mine [HOUGHTON]: associated with the Quincy Mine (which purchased
it in 1891) on the north side of Portage Lake at Hancock.
Phillips farm [KENT]: see Felt-boot factory, above.
Philps [?] [?MACOMB]: (DC 1852 label for Glyceria septentrionalis has “Philps”
but no tp.; 1875 Macomb Co. plat map shows J. & N. Phelps in Washington and
Bruce Tps.).
Pickerell Lake [MARQUETTE]: = Harlow Lake near Little Presque Isle, NW of
Marquette (Dachnowski in 1906; cf. 1907 topo map).
Pier Cove [ALLEGAN]: lumber port in sec. 5, T2N, R16W (cf. 1901 soils map; mail
was supplied through the Ganges P.O. a mile to the SE).
Pigeon or Pigeon Prairie [ST. JOSEPH]: near White Pigeon (First Survey in August
1837); cf. McVaugh 1970, p. 243).
Pine Lake [CHARLEVOIX]: = Lake Charlevoix.
Pine Lake [INGHAM]: name changed to Lake Lansing 1929-30. (There are about
30 other Pine Lakes in Michigan. The P.O. at this one, established in 1879, was
changed to Haslett in 1890; cf. Ceasar p. 56.)
Pine Pt. [CHEBOYGAN]: on Douglas Lake near middle of its east side (UMBS).
Pingree Woods [OAKLAND]: (OAF 1943),
Point Detour [DELTA]: at tip of Garden Peninsula (Lewis Foote on Sept. 22, 1863, was
at this place [““N. W. shore L. Michigan” on his label for Calamintha arkansana|—not
the eastern tip of the Upper Peninsula mainland in Chippewa Co.
Porky Point [?GOGEBIC]: location unknown, but presumably not far from Thou- —
sand Island Lake (EAB, July 3, 1920; HTD could recall no location when I
queried him).
Portage Lake [CRAWFORD]: former name of 1300-acre Lake Margrethe west of
Grayling (CFW et al. in 1888; cf. Voss & Crow 1976, pp. 45-47). [There are still
about a dozen Portage Lakes altogether in Michigan. ]
Portage Lake [LIVINGSTON/WASHTENAW}]: E. B. Mains’ 1913 collections were
made at Gaige’s cottage at N end of the lake (Livingston Co.), he once told me.
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER Z15
OAF on June 12, 1921, collected in Dexter Tp., Washtenaw Co. (cf. Pap. Mich.
Acad. 2: 22 [1924] and Walpole 1924, p. 36: Scleranthus).
Portage Park [MANISTEE]: sec. 21-22, Onekama Tp., fide 1926 county map (L. M.
Umbach in 1916).
Porter’s [OAKLAND]: John Porter’s blacksmith shop, Oakland [Tp.] (DC, 1845-
1850; cf. his labels for Agrostis hyemalis and Habenaria leucophaea).
Pottawatomie Lake [BERRIEN]: in New Buffalo.
Pottawatomie Park [BERRIEN]: sec. 21, Hagar Tp. (CKD in 1917).
Pottawattomie Bayou [OTTAWA]: on the Grand River in Grand Haven Tp., SE of
Grand Haven (CWB et al.).
Potts’ Farm [ALCONA]: N% NW4 sec. 2 and NE4 NE% sec. 3, T26N, RSE (CFW et
al. in 1888; cf. Voss & Crow 1976, p.27).
Potts’ Headquarters [OSCODA|]: = McKinley, sec. 15, T26N, R4E (CFW et al. in 1888;
cf. Voss & Crow 1976, p. 35).
Powell Lake [OAKLAND]: near Oxford (OAF on Sept. 24, 1924).
Powers, Dr. [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.]| (cf. DC label for Mollugo verticillata).
Pratt Lake [GLADWIN]: T19N, R2W. Of the four lakes bearing this name, in as
many counties, the one visited by F Comte in Aug. 1956 (specimens at MO)
must have been the Gladwin Co. one, for the species collected would not have
all occurred near any of the other Pratt Lakes. |
Presque Isle [MARQUETTE]: on N side of city of Marquette (Dachnowski in 1906
et al.).
Presque Isle [PRESQUE ISLE]: Lewis Foote’s collecting on June 15, 1863, must have
een in Presque Isle Co. On June 17 he was collecting at Ephraim, Wisconsin,
and he could hardly have gotten there via the Presque Isle in Marquette Co., on
Lake Superior.
Preston’s Mill Pond [MACOMB]: NE of Disco in Shelby Tp. on Middle Branch of
Clinton River (cf. M. A. Leeson, History of Macomb County and DC 1840 labels
for Potamogeton amplifolius and Myriophyllum heterophyllum).
Price’s Mill Pond [OAKLAND]: Avon [Tp.] (cf. 1872 Oakland Co. plat map and DC
1839 labels for Sagittaria cuneata and Ceratophyllum demersum—or Oakland
[Tp.] (cf. 1839 label for Elodea canadensis). [Avon Tp. was separated from Oak-
land in 1835.]
Q
Quanicassee [BAY/TUSCOLA|]: R. R. Dreisbach collected here (as “Quanticasse”)
May 22, 1927, and Sept. 6, 1931. He labeled all his specimens as from Bay Co.;
however, in his field notes he corrected nos. 5491-5499 and 7598-7602 to Tuscola
Co. He left 5500-5504 and 7603-7605 as Bay Co. This distinction is also borne out
by his exchange records. So it seems clear that he became aware of the proximity
of the county line to this Tuscola Co. community. (Nos. 6192-6208, Aug. 26, 1928,
are all unchanged as recorded, for Tuscola Co.)
216 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Quincy Mine [HOUGHTON]: on NE side of Hancock. Quincy Hill here is the classic
site for Juncus inflexus in Michigan; cf. Rhodora 43: 633 (1941) and Pap. Mich.
Acad. 30: 59 (1945). [Neither should be confused with the village of Quincy in
Branch Co., where B. B. Kanouse collected. |
R
Rabbit Bay [HOUGHTON]: (OAF 1943),
Ramona Park [KENT]: on Reed’s Lake, Grand Rapids, ca. 1900-1950 (cf. Chronicle
24(2): 5S—6, July-Aug. 1988). [Not to be confused with Ramona Park, a settlement
and old RR stop in Little Traverse Tp., Emmet Co.]
Randall Swamp [WASHTENAW]: Ypsilanti (OAF 1943),
Rattlesnake Island [WAYNE]: in Detroit River (cf. Beacon 18(4): 4, Winter 2000-01).
[Now known as Belle Isle (cf. under Hog Island, above) and not to be confused
with Rattlesnake Island in western Lake Erie, Ottawa Co., Ohio. |
Redberry Lake [MARQUETTE]: on Longyear Tract (q.v.).
Reese’s Bog (Swamp) [CHEBOYGAN]: cedar swamp at the north end of Burt Lake
(UMBS).
Reform School [INGHAM]: at Lansing, later called the Industrial School for Boys
(cf. Wheeler in 1892, Carex lupuliformis).
Reserve [MACOMB]: Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Glyceria striata, Carex
cephaloidea, C. laxiculmis, C. grayi, etc.).
Resolute [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Rice Lake [HOUGHTON]: near eastern border of Keweenaw Co. (OAF).
Rockport [ALPENA]: sec. 6, T32N, RYE (cf. letter in Mich. History 65(5): 4, Sept—
Oct. 1981).
Rogers Creek [VAN BUREN]: (Nieuwland in 1919; cf. one of his collections of Taxus
canadensis, ND).
Rosedale [EMMET]: E edge of Petoskey, at Bay View (cf. 1902 plat map—and cur-
rent street sign). [Note that there was also a Rosedale in Chippewa Co., from
which I have seen no collections. |
Roth, Camp Filibert [IRON]: on W side of Golden Lake, sec. 26, T44N, R37W
(Univ. of Michigan forestry camp, originally established in 1929 in Alger Co., W
of Munising, but moved in June of 1935 to Golden Lake; property sold in the
1990s).
Ruby’s [MACOMB]: Elisha Ruby’s, Shelby [Tp.] (cf. 1851 DC label for Polygonum
punctatum). [Not the same as Ruby in Clyde Tp., St. Clair Co.]
S
Saginaw Forest [WASHTENAW]: 80-acre tract in sec. 26, T2S, RSE, planted (start-
ing in 1904) with diverse trees and including Third Sister Lake: administered by
the University of Michigan School of Natural Resources and Environment
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER pAly
(originally named “The Saginaw Forestry Farm” as requested by the donor of the
land, Arthur Hill of Saginaw, but not situated in Saginaw. The name was changed
in 1919 to “The Saginaw Forest.”).
Sailors Encampment [CHIPPEWA]: near the S end of Neebish Island, in the St.
Mary’s River (not the entire island as indicated by Romig). (E. T. & S. A. Harper
collected here in 1897 and 1898.)
St. Clair Flats [ST. CLAIR]: at mouth of St. Clair River, in Lake St. Clair; long
dredged to accommodate navigation (old maps, history, etc., in Beacon 19(4),
Winter 2001-02).
St. Joseph [BERRIEN]: Caution! Note that this city in Berrien Co. is 35 and more
miles from St. Joseph Co.— but some 1837 First Survey labels confuse the issue
by omitting “Co.” (cf. McVaugh 1970, p. 243).
St. Martin Island [DELTA]: in Lake Michigan S of Garden Peninsula, just before the
Wisconsin line. (For history of collecting, cf. Judziewicz, Mich. Bot. 40: 139-140.
2002 [“2001”]). [Not to be confused with the St. Martin Island in St. Martin Bay
north of Mackinac Island, in Mackinac Co.]
Salmon Trout River [HOUGHTON]: mouth on Lake Superior near Redridge (Lewis
Foote in 1865; cf. also Lt. Allen’s 1832 mention [Mason 1958, p. 179]).
Salmon Trout River [MARQUETTE]: this one flows into Lake Superior at Salmon
Trout Bay west of Salmon Trout Pt., and is perhaps better known than the pre-
ceding, which was early called “Little” Salmon Trout (cf. Peters in Mich. Acade-
mician 18: 412. 1986).
Sand Bay [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943; “Great Sand Bay” is between Eagle River
and Eagle Harbor).
Sand Lake [?JACKSON or KALAMAZOO]: “8 or 10 miles from the village of Jack-
sonburgh” [original name for Jackson] (J. Wright in 1838 on label for Eleocharis
equisetoides, NY). [There are over 20 other Sand Lakes in Michigan—but
Humphrys does not include this one.] On the other hand, McVaugh (1970, p. 243)
notes a “Sand Lake” 8 or 10 miles from Kalamazoo mentioned in a letter from
John Wright (botanist with the First Survey) to John Torrey; this would accord
with “Sandy Lakes” on old maps in the Austin Lake area.
Sands [MARQUETTE]: station on the Chicago & Northwestern RR 13 miles SE
of Negaunee; presumably this is the “Sands” of A. Dachnowski in 1906 (and not
the village of Sands ca. 3 miles to the north—neither, however, in the Marquette
Quadrangle, which Dachnowski surveyed). [Named for Louis Sands, not for the
dry sandy plains there, as described by Dachnowski in Rep. Mich. Acad. 9: 94. 1908. ]
Sawmill Creek [HOUGHTON]: flows into Torch Lake E of Lake Linden (OAF
1943). [There is also a Sawmill Creek in Chippewa Co. just N of Paradise and
doubtless are others. ]
School Girl’s Glen [WASHTENAW]: (sometimes abbreviated on labels “S. G. G.”)
ravine S of Huron River and N of Forest Hill Cemetery, Ann Arbor, now in W
part of Nichols Arboretum; designation once more broadly applied to the whole
Arboretum area (cf. A. D. Tinker, “The birds of School Girl’s Glen, Ann Arbor,
Michigan: A study in local ornithology,” Mich. Geol. Biol. Surv. Publ. 1, Biol Ser.
1: 35-66 + 4 pl. + folded map. 1910).
218 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Schoolcraft [KALAMAZOO]: Caution! Note that the village of this name is hun-
dreds of miles from Schoolcraft County in the Upper Peninsula.
Scotty Bay [MACKINAC]: on W side of Beavertail Point in sec. 4,T41N, R2E, E of
Les Cheneaux on north shore of Lake Huron (Erlanson in 1924 et al.).
Scranton’s [MACOMB]: G. W. Scranton’s, Washington [Tp., sec. 27] (cf. DC 1844 label
for Echinochloa walteri,; “Scranton Marsh” [Eleocharis erythropoda in 1847 and
Carex lacustris in 1843] presumably the same).
Sedge Pt. [CHEBOYGAN]: N shore of Douglas Lake just W of North Fishtail Bay
(UMBS).
Seneca Lake [KEWEENAW]: ca. | mile NW of Mohawk (OAF 1943; the only lake
of that name in Michigan fide Humphrys).
Shaffer’s farm [KALAMAZOO]: sec. 34, Schoolcraft Tp. (CRH, cf. his 1934 label for
Juglans cinerea).
Shaffer’s woods and marsh [KALAMAZOO]: NE of Goose Lake, Schoolcraft Tp.
(CRH, cf. his label for Cornus canadensis and his Flora for Panicum tsugetorum
and Quercus ellipsoidalis),
Sharon Hollow [WASHTENAW]: mostly in sec. 29, Sharon Tp.; now the Nan Weston
Preserve of The Nature Conservancy.
Shaw [MACOMB]: Marvil Shaw, Washington Tp. (DC in 1841).
Shelby [MACOMB]: the township (T3N, R12E) in Macomb Co. is immediately south
of Washington (where Dennis Cooley and William A. Burt lived). [It should not
be confused with the village of Shelby (in another Shelby Tp.) in Muskegon Co.
on the opposite side of the state. ]
Shelbyville [ALLEGAN]: (OAF in 1920 and 1923; his notes and original labels say
Kalamazoo Co.— presumably a carry-over from Galesburg, where he was imme-
diately before — but his 1943 manuscript says Allegan Co.)
Sheldon Sawmill [MACOMB]: (DC, presumably sec. 16, Ray Tp., on Clinton
River).
Shelter Bay [ALGER]: west of Au Train Bay (Lewis Foote in 1867).
Sherman [ST. JOSEPH]: = Sturgis (and Sturgis Prairie) (First Survey in 1837; cf.
McVaugh 1970). [There a number of other “Sherman” sites in Michigan; cf.
Romig. |
Shot Point [MARQUETTE]: on Lake Superior just W of Alger Co. line.
Silver Creek (or River) Meadow [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943).
Silver Mt. [HOUGHTON]: (OAF 1943).
Sister Lakes [VAN BUREN]: in the SW corner of Van Buren Co. (with Crooked
Lake barely into northern Cass Co.) (L. M. Umbach in 1915 et al.). [Not to be
confused with First, Second, and Third Sister Lakes in and near Ann Arbor,
Washtenaw Co.|
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 219
Skelton’s bog [HILLSDALE]: W side of Montgomery (fide F. W. Case in conversa-
tion 1989).
Sleeping River [ONTONAGON|]: East and West Sleeping rivers empty into Sleeping
Bay between Wolf Pt. and Fourteen Mile Pt. in eastern Ontonagon Co. (cf. Peters
in Mich. Academician 18: 417. 1986).
Slocum’s Island [WAYNE]: now incorporated in Trenton (Elizabeth Park) at the
bridge to Grosse Isle in the Detroit River (cf. Romig and 1906 topo map for
Wyandotte Quad.).
Smelts Incline [HOUGHTON]: (OAF 1943).
Smith huckleberry marsh [KALAMAZOO]: sec. 32, Portage Tp. (cf. CRH 1934 label
for Gentiana alba).
Smith’s Bog [CHEBOYGAN]: S of Green Star Trail in sec. 35, T37N, R3W
(UMBS).
Soldiers’ Home [KENT]: built in 1886 in sec. 6, Grand Rapids Tp., now incorpo-
rated in the northern part of the city—formerly 3 miles from town; a frequent
collecting site for late 19th century botanists incl. EJC; cf. Mich. History 82(4):
100, July—Aug. 1998, and, with view of the woods, 70(3): inside cover, May—June
1986).
Southerland’s [MACOMB]: Silas Southerland’s, Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC 1840 label for
Aster lanceolatus).
Spring Lake [OTTAWA]: J. A. Drushel collected here in 1919 (specimens, MO). [But in
1931 he collected at a Spring Lake in New Jersey (cf. his label for Hypochaeris).]
Springwells [WAYNE]: community (north of Ecorse and east of Dearborn) and
later township now incorporated in Dearborn; in 1835 Bela Hubbard (Douglass
Houghton’s assistant in the First Survey 1837-1845 and a prominent citizen of
Detroit) acquired a farm here from which First Survey plants labeled “Spring-
wells” very probably came.
Spur 447 [CHIPPEWA]: on Soo Line RR. ca. 2.5 miles W of Trout Lake.
Spur 459 [CHIPPEWA]: on Soo Line RR ca. 9 miles E of Trout Lake. [According to
“Tales & Trails of Tro-La-Oz-Ken” (a 1976 local history of the Trout Lake area),
p. 85, Spur 459 was once a community of 100 persons, had a P.O. 1910-1915, and
was “one mile south of Ozark” —that location apparently erroneous (it would
better locate Kenneth). ]
Squaw Island [WAYNE—if not Ontario, Canada]: location unknown (McVaugh
1970, pp. 237 and 243) but quite possibly = Mama Juda Island (q.v.) “named
from an old squaw” (Farmer p. 7) (First Survey in 1837; cf. label on Lysimachia
thyrsiflora). [Since the label, in the hand of Bela Hubbard, Houghton’s assistant,
says “Detroit River” presumably this was not the tiny Squaw Island shown on the
old Maumee Bay topo quadrangle (surveyed in 1899) between the south ends
of Indian Island and Guard Island on the north side of Maumee Bay, Monroe
Co. Neither of these need be confused with the Squaw Island in northern Lake
Michigan, in the Beaver group (Charlevoix Co.).|
220 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Squirrel Isl. [Lambton Co., Ontario, Canada, in mouth of St. Clair River. |
Star [OAKLAND]: (OAF 1943).
Star Island [ST. CLAIR]: in St. Clair Flats, Lake St. Clair (A. B. Lyons in 1877; cf. his
label for Carex rostrata and Chronicle 27(1—2): 26. 1993). “Star Island Cut” was
between two of the islands near end of S. Channel Dr., just NW of International
border (cf. old maps of the Flats, e.g. as in Beacon 19(4): 13, Winter 2001-02).
Stead’s [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp., sec. 33] (DC in 1850; cf. his label for Potamogeton
amplifolius ).
Steele farm [MACOMB]: Ray [Tp.] (DC).
Stevens [OAKLAND]: apparently near Farmington (OAF and CB collected here
July 14,1918, and CB at “Stevens Corners” Sept. 14, 1916. [It was here (in a pri-
vate woods) on May 19, 1917, that OAF collected the variable trilliums described
in Rep. Mich. Acad. 20: 155-159. 1919. OAF, CB, and J. H. Ehlers were in the
woods again to examine the trilliums and other plants May 8, 1927.]
Stevens farm [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.] (cf. 1840 DC label for Aster dumosus).
Stewart Lake [MUSKEGON]: (C. D. McLouth on June 26, 1900 [fide label on Pani-
cum boreale, MSC]; CFW collected here the same date (Panicum commonsia-
num and P. implicatum; no such lake is indexed by Humphrys).
Stones [MACOMB]: A. Stones, Washington [Tp., sec. 13] (DC in 1847, cf. label for
Carex lanuginosa).
Stoney Creek [MONROE]: the electric interurban station was 4 mi SW of Newport
(Mich. Man. 1905, p. 269); the creek itself crosses much of the county. OAF
walked from Monroe along the tracks to Stoney Creek June 9, 1921 (cf. his field
notes and Am. Midl. Nat. 11: 46 etc. 1928); he also collected at this Stoney Creek
Aug. 17, 1927. [Of course there are Stoney/Stony Creeks in a number of other
Michigan counties. |
Stony Creek [OAKLAND]: vicinity of Rochester, Avon Tp. OAF collected here (the
creek flowed through Parkedale in sec. 12; cf. Pap. Mich. Acad. 15: 150. 1914). DC
also collected at Stony Creek marsh (E border in Avon [Tp.], cf. his 1843 label for
Scirpus hudsonianus and also 1847 label for Salix eriocephala); however, DC 1848
label for C. crawei on “bank of Stony Creek marsh” is attributed to Washington
[Tp., Macomb Co.]. (On Stony Creek history, including Van Hoosen farm, see
Mich. History 62(3): 18-36, Sept-Oct. 1978 and 79(5): 53-55, Sept.—Oct. 1995.)
Sugarloaf Lakes [KALAMAZOO]: area ca. 3 miles N of Schoolcraft (CRH).
Sugarloaf Mt. [MARQUETTE]: sec. 32, T49N, R25W. [Do not confuse with the well
known “Sugarloaf” rock on Mackinac Island. |
Sullivan’s Woods [GRATIOT]: near Alma, W¥% sec. 32,T12N R3W.
Superior [WASHTENAW]: (OAF in 1927).
Swamp [HOUGHTON]: “The Swamp,” a Chamaedaphne bog 0.5 mile N of Laurium
(FJH coll here; cf. letter from him to EGV April 10, 1969).
Sweeney’s’s woods [ISABELLA]: now a subdivision in sec. 6, T14N, R4W (fide G.
Starks; some specimens in CMC erroneously locate this woods).
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 221
T
Tacoma [MACOMB]: I have been unable to locate this site where OAF collected his
nos. 4263-4274 July 2, 1916, attributing them to Macomb Co. in his field notes and
in some published citations, but without further information. He collected at no
other place that day, and the collections include both upland and fen species.
Taylor’s Hill [JACKSON]: Waterloo Tp. (cf. CFW 1898 label, GH, for Carex bicknellii).
Third Sister Lake [WASHTENAW]: sec. 26, T2S, R5E, in the University of Michi-
gan’s Saginaw Forest (q.v.).
Third Woods [WASHTENAW |]: (J. Romein in 1915 et al.); sec. 9, Pittsfield Tp. (cf. FJH
field notes for his 6833, Festuca obtusa, July 1, 1935; at that time “3 mi. S. of’ Ann
Arbor; now within the city limits (and including present site of the University
Herbarium).
Thomas Bog/woods [WASHTENAW]: SE% sec. 22, Pittsfield Tp.; now included in
the Pittsfield Preserve (of the township of the same name). (Ruth B. [Alford]
MacFarlane coll. and pers. com. 2002; cf. also Cady’s, above.)
Thompson [MACOMB]: Nehemiah Thompson’s, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC 1852 label
for Salix sericea).
Thorps meadow [MACOMB]: Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC labels for Carex debilis and C.
scoparia).
Thurston [MACOMB]: D. Thurston’s land, Washington [Tp.] (cf. DC 1837 label for
Euthamia graminifolia).
Towar Swamp [INGHAM]: “1.5 miles n. of Agr’l College” (CFW label for Carex
tenuiflora; one for Habenaria ciliaris reads “near the Agr’] College”). Towar
Gardens is shown on the 1933 soils map in S¥% sec. 6, T4N R1W, just N of East
Lansing and SE of Chandler Marsh (q.v. above).
Tower [CHEBOYGAN|];: village (est. 1899) and dam site on the Upper Black River
in T34N, RIE. [A town in St. Louis Co., Minnesota, bears the same name and is
the site for an 1889 EJH collection of Caltha natans, which has sometimes been
erroneously (and anachronistically) attributed to Michigan because of misread-
ing a handwritten label.
Townsend Marsh [OAKLAND]: Oakland [Tp.] (DC 1837 label for Carex tetanica;
however, on an 1840 label for Solidago patula he crossed out “Oakland” and
wrote in “Washington” [Tp., Macomb Co.]; on some other 1840 and 1847 labels
he has merely “Washington” (the 1859 plat has no Townsend property in Wash-
ington Tp.). On his label for an 1840 collection of Zizania aquatica, he wrote
“Townsend pond on the line of Washington—Oakland,” so he obviously was
aware of the county line.
Traine Island [ALGER] = Au Train I. (Gillman in 1867; similarly, “Traine
Bay”— both on Lake Superior west of Munising and Grand Island).
Trap Rock River [HOUGHTON]: flows into N end of Torch Lake (OAF 1943).
pon CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Traverse Bay [ANTRIM/GRAND TRAVERSE]: Mary Clark was here in 1869 at
Elk Rapids [Antrim Co.] on Grand Traverse Bay (cf. her label for Utricularia
cornuta); she was also at Traverse City [Grand Traverse Co.] in 1869. CFW col-
lected at the Bay in 1898, often with reference to Traverse City or the Peninsula
in the Bay, so presumably his specimens are to be referred to Grand Traverse
Co. and not to Leelanau or Antrim counties, which also border the Bay. [There
is also a Grand (or “Big”) Traverse Bay on the Keweenaw/Houghton Co. line.
Cf. also Little Traverse Bay, above. |
Trowbridge [CHEBOYGAN|]: (CFW July 13, 1890; cf. his label for Carex bebbii).
[N.B.: on July 12 CFW collected near Bay View in Emmet Co.; but on July 11 he
collected in Ingham Co.—where there was another Trowbridge at the junction
of the Pere Marquette and Grand Trunk railroads south of East Lansing (cf.
Foster 1942, p.513).]
Twin Falls [DICKINSON]: on Menominee River, sec. 7, T40N, R30W and sec. 12,
R31LW (CAD in 1905; cf. p. 226 in his report on peat in Rep. Geol. Sury. Mich.
for 1906).
Twin Lakes [HOUGHTON]: (OAF on Aug. 15, 1934; cf. his label for Carex pauper-
cula). [Of course, there are many other Twin Lakes in the state. ]
Tyrone [LIVINGSTON]: Tyrone Tp., NE corner of the county (OAF on June 10,
1930) [but note that there is also a Tyrone Township in Kent Co., where others
have collected].
U
Upham’s clearing [MACKINAC]: sec. 27, Bois Blanc Island (M.T. Bingham in 1939;
cf. her label for Monarda fistulosa).
Upper Peninsula Experiment Station (Chatham) [ALGER]: SE% sec. 28, T46N,
1
Vaughnsville [KEWEENAW]: (OAF 1943; cf. also Romig 1972).
Veit’s woods [ISABELLA]: a property of Central Michigan University in sec. 21,
TI4N, R4W (fide G. Starks; some specimens in CMC erroneously locate this
woods).
Vestaburg Bog (Vestaburg Ecological Station) [MONTCALM]: sec. 34, TI2N RSW
(CAD et al., ALMA); now in the MacCurdy Ecological Tract (q.v.).
Vestal’s Bog [CHEBOYGAN|]: S of Livingston Bog in sec. 35,T37N, R3W (UMBS,
cf. map in Nelson 1956).
Vulcan [KEWEENAW]: triangulation station on East Bluff (near SE corner sec. 1,
TS8N, R28W), established by the U.S. Lake Survey in 1866 for primary triangula-
tion of Lake Superior (cf. Voss 1978, p. 52).
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 228
Ww
Walpole Island: [Lambton Co., Ontario, Canada, at mouth of St. Clair River. ]
Warners Sawmill [OAKLAND]: Troy [Tp.] (cf. DC 1850 label for Erigenia bulbosa).
Warren’s [MACOMB]: Elder Abel Warren’s, Shelby [Tp.] (cf. DC 1840 label for
Muhlenbergia schreberi and 1845 label for Lactuca biennis).
Water Works [OAKLAND]: Rochester, sometimes abbreviated by OAF on his labels
as “R.W.W.”, N% sec. 4 (cf. map p. 2 and endpapers in Eula Pray, History of Avon
Township, 1986).
Water Works [WAYNE]: on Detroit River opposite Belle Isle (OAF Sept. 24, 1900; cf.
his label for 1681, Sporobolus neglectus, cited Am. Midl. Nat. 10: 24. 1926; again
on Sept. 18, 1901, cf. his label for 1758a, Paspalum setaceum, and cf. Farmer, pp.
67-69).
Waterford [WAYNE]: between Plymouth and Northville, in Northville Tp. (OAF
on April 30, 1929, nos. 8297-8306). [Not to be confused with the better known
Waterford (Tp.) in Oakland Co.|
Watkins Station [JACKSON]: (A. B. Lyons in 1874; CFW in 1892, cf. his labels for
Panicum flexile and Allium cernuum; cf. also Romig).
Wawatam Beach [EMMET]: erroneously assigned to Cheboygan Co. by Romig but
is entirely west of the county line in the village of Mackinaw City (q.v.).
Webb’s Woods [WASHTENAW]: NW4 sec. 22, Pittsfield Tp. (Ruth B. [Alford] Mac-
Farlane coll. and pers. com. 2002).
Webster Farm [probably Washington Tp., MACOMB]: (DC in 1839, cf. label for
Trisetum melicoides: Daniel Webster was first constable, then treasurer in 1827;
another Webster has land in sec. 13 on the 1859 plat map).
Wellman’s Swamp [INGHAM]: at the Agricultural College (W. R. Kedzie in 1895; cf.
his label for Poa paludigena).
West Bluff [KEWEENAW}]: now identified (if at all) on maps as “Brockway Mt.,”
on Brockway Mountain Drive ca. 3 miles W of Copper Harbor. [The Michigan
Audubon Society and the Michigan Nature Association have sanctuaries here;
classical site for rare plants, including western disjunct species, since the days of
O. A. Farwell and M. L. Fernald. |
West Bridge St. Ferry [OTTAWA]: west of Grand Rapids, sec. 20, Tallmadge Tp.
(BIC
West Lake [EMMET]: = Dow Lake = western of the Twin Lakes, in sec. 12, T38N,
R4W (Carp Lake Tp.—not Wawatam Tp. as indicated by Nelson) (UMBS).
Wetmore Pond [MARQUETTE]: NE sec. 31, T49N, R25W. [Not at village of Wet-
more in Alger Co.
Wheal Kate [HOUGHTON]: SE% sec. 18, TS4N, R34W, ca. 1 mile S of South Range
(cf. 1915 topo map for Houghton quad.).
White, Peter: See Peter White’s Camp, above.
224 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Whitefish Bay: Henry Gillman and Lewis Foote collected in 1866 at Whitefish Bay,
Door Co., Wisconsin, on Lake Michigan—not in Michigan at the well-known
Whitefish Bay on Lake Superior. [A Whitefish Pt. is also on the S side of White-
fish Bay, Wisconsin. |
Whitefish Lake [MACKINAC]: (Mrs. Calvin Goodrich in August, 1922, and presum-
ably also B. E. Quick the same summer). [There are also several other Whitefish
Lakes in the state. ]
Whitefish Point: Besides the well known site on Lake Superior (Chippewa Co.), note
that there is another Whitefish Point on the W side of Prentiss Bay in Mackinac
Co., just E of Les Cheneaux (Ehlers & Erlanson in 1924; Voss in 1983). There
is also a Whitefish Point across Thunder Bay, E of Alpena, on Whitefish Bay
(Alpena Co.).
Whitehouse Nature Center [CALHOUN]: 125 acres on E Branch of the Kalamazoo
River, ca. one quarter mile SE of the main campus of Albion College, which owns
and administers it.
Whitmore Lake [LIVINGSTON/WASHTENAW)]: on the county line. (OAF on
July 20, 1927, nos. 8006-8019, was apparently on the Washtenaw Co. side [cf. his
label for Lilium michiganense] and likewise Sept. 5, 1923, nos. 6173-6176 [cf. his
field notes]; he was at the north end, in Livingston Co., on June 15, 1927, nos.
7948-7967 [cf. his field notes]).
Wiard [WASHTENAW |: station on the Michigan Central RR near SW corner of
sec. 1, Ypsilanti Tp. (cf. topo map for Ypsilanti quad, 1906 ed.). OAF frequently
collected here and doubtless explored some distance from the station. A pioneer
family, the Wiards moved from New York to Michigan in 1830 and settled on
Wiard Road, founding Wiard Orchards in 1853. [In 1943 the Wiards moved their
business to Merritt Rd. having sold the original site for industrial and expressway
(now Interstate 94) development (cf. www.wiards.com). |.
Wilcox farm [MACOMB]: Elias Wilcox, NE sec. 3, T3N, R12E [Shelby Tp.] (fide
DC 1844 label for Lithospermum arvense).
Willey’s [MACOMB]: “along the north branch of the Clinton” (cf. DC 1840 label for
Monarda didyma, presumably sec. 27, Ray Tp., where Willey land is shown on
the North Branch on 1859 and 1875 plat maps).
Windmill Pt. [WAYNE]: Grosse Pte., at source of Detroit River; lighthouse built here
* in 1838, subsequently rebuilt and replaced (cf. Beacon 18(4): 5—6. 2001-02).
Wolf Lake [JACKSON]: at the junction of Grass Lake, Leoni, and Napoleon Tps.;
this is the site for collections by S. H. & D. R. Camp in the 1890s (as well as by
others); and for Besseya bullii. The Wolf Lake in Lake Co. (7 miles N of Baldwin)
and the one in northeastern Delta Co. are both noted for plants of Coastal Plain
affinity. There are more than 20 other Wolf Lakes in Michigan.
Wolff's Bog [CHEBOYGAN]: secs. 14 and 15,T37N R3W (UMBS).
Woodbridge Park [WAYNE]: Dearborn (cf. OAF label for Sphenopholis intermedia,
Woodlawn Cemetery [WAYNE]: Detroit, just south of Oakland Co. line and Ferndale.
2005 VOSS: MICHIGAN GAZETTEER 225
Woodville [NEWAYGO]: (OAF on Aug. 4, 1921).
Woodward at Lacy [OAKLAND]: (CB).
Y
Yates Cider Mill [MACOMB]: NW of Utica (cf. Mich. Hist. 81(4): 42, July—Aug.
1997).
Z
Zug Island [WAYNE]: Detroit River at mouth of Rouge River; originally a marshy
peninsula, later isolated by a ship channel and heavily industrialized (cf. Mich.
History 87(6): 59, Nov.—Dec. 2003).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am indebted to all those whose correspondence and other communications are acknowledged in
the entries provided here —as well as others not explicitly mentioned, including those who clarified sites
during visits to their herbaria; to the Cranbrook Institute of Science for ready availability of O. A. Farwell’s
notes; to the late Dale J. Hagenah for helpful geographical advice in the earliest days of the Michigan Flora
Project and, even before that, for compiling a complete index to Farwell’s collections by number (with
references to published citations and presence [or not] in the Cranbrook Herbarium); and to my colleagues
at the University of Michigan for urging me to gather together my scattered notes in this form for more
ready use by others. The talented personnel of the Map Room in the University of Michigan Library and
of the Bentley Historical Library have been generously helpful over the years.
Pipes en
= as _ _
a ae en ee a a —
Pie ee
Oe
:
.
|
.
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 227-228. 2005.
SCINATA ACUTA, A NEW NAME PROPOSED
FOR SCINAIA AUSTRALIS (RHODOPHYTA)
Michael J. Wynne
University of Michigan Herbarium
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
In his monographic treatment of Australian representatives of Scinaia, Huisman
(1985) offered persuasive evidence for the merger of the genera Pseudoscinaia and
Pseudogloiophloea with Scinaia. This taxonomic treatment resulted in a number
of transfers of names into Scinaia. One such transfer effected was Scinaia australis
(Setch.) Huisman, based on Pseudoscinaia australis Setch. (Setchell 1914). This bino-
mial has been accepted in several floristic accounts, such as Millar (1990), Millar and
Kraft (1993), and Womersley (1994). The species has also been reported as present in
the Canary Islands (Reyes et al., 1993; Haroun et al. 2002). It is listed as an accepted
taxon in the on-line AlgaeBase (Guiry & Nic Dhonncha 2003). Yet, Scinaia australis
of Huisman is an illegitimate name, a later homonym of S. australis (Sond.) Trevis.
(Trevisan 1848). Therefore, a new name is proposed.
Scinaia acuta M. J. Wynne, nom. nov. Pseudoscinaia australis Setch., Univ. Calif. Publ.
Bot. 6: 121, fig. 62, 1914. Scinaia australis (Setch.) Huisman, Phycologia 24:
417.1985, non Scinaia australis (Sond.) Trevis., 1848.
The epithet acuta alludes to the acutely pointed apices of the branches in both
young and mature specimens, a feature stated to be consistent and distinctive for this
species (Huisman 1986).
When discussing taxonomic relationships of his Scinaia australis, Huisman (1986)
stated that among possibly related species “only S. verae (Dickinson) Huisman ap-
proaches the thallus dimensions of S. australis.” He distinguished this pair of species
on the basis of branch diameters; those of his S. australis rarely reach 2 mm, whereas
those of S. verae reach 2.75 mm. Dickinson (1951) described her species from Pram-
pram, Gold Coast [Ghana], and it appears to be endemic to that area of tropical West
Africa (Lawson & John 1987; Woelkerling et al. 1998).
Scinaia australis (Sond.) Trevis. is currently treated as a taxonomic synonym
of Nizymenia conferta (Sond.) Chiovitti, G. W. Saunders & Kraft in Chiovitti et al.
(1995). Earlier, Silva (1950) had recognized Stenocladia australis (Sond.) P. C. Silva,
based on Ginannia australis Sond. (Sonder 1845). The merger of Stenocladia with
Nizymenia proposed by Chiovitti et al. (1995) led to the proposal of N. conferta in
their paper.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I thank reviewers C. W. Schneider and M. D. Guiry for constructive comments.
Za,
228 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
LITERATURE CITED
Chiovitti, A., G. T. Kraft, G. W. Saunders, M.-L. Liao, and A. Bacic. 1995. A revision of the systematics of
the Nizymeniaceae Sram Rhodophyta) based on polysacharides, anatomy and nucleotide
sequences. J. Phycol. 3 3-166.
Dickinson, C. I. 1951. ae He of the Gold Coast. II]. Kew Bull. 1: 293-297, pl. 3,
uiry, M. D., and E. Nic Dhonncha. 2003. AlgaeBase. World-wide Web a publication.
www.algaebase.org. [15.x.2003].
Haroun, R. J.,M. C. Gil-Rodriguez, J. Diaz de Castro, and W. F. Prud’homme van Reine. 2002. A checklist
of the marine plants from the Canary Islands (central eastern Atlantic Ocean). Bot. Marina 45:
139-169.
Huisman, J. M. 1985. The Scinaia assemblage (Galaxauraceae, Rhodophyta): a re-appraisal. Phycologia
24: 403-418.
. 1986. The red algal genus Scinaia (Galaxauraceae, Nemaliales) from Australia. Phycologia 25:
271-296.
Lawson, G. W., and D. M. John. “oe ier ee algae and coastal environment of tropical west Africa.
2d ed. Beih. Nova Hedwigia 93: |
Millar, A. J. K. mu aed red io of ie Coffs Harbour region, northern New South Wales. Aust. Syst.
Bot. 3: 29
Millar, i J Ks Bi = T. Kraft. 1993. bearer se of marine and freshwater red algae pe aee: of New
South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, south-western Pacific. Aust. Syst. B 1-90,
ie J., M. Sanson, and J. Afonso- elie 1993. ae on some interesting marine ae he the Canary
Islands. See Bot. 4: 50-59.
Setchell, W. A. 1914. The Scinaia assemblage. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 79-152.
Silva, P. C. 1950. sed names of algae proposed for conservation. acm cock 252-280.
Sonder, O. W. 1845. Nova algarum genera et species, quas in ilinere a Novae Hollandiae,
collegit L. Preiss, Ph. Dr. Bot. Zeit. 3: 49-57.
Trevisan, V. B. A. 1848. Saggio di una monografia delle Alghe Coccotalle. 112 pp. Padua: Coi Tipi del
Seminario.
Woelkerling, W. J.,G. W. Lawson, J. H. Price, D. M. John, and W. F. Prud’homme van Reine. 1998. Seaweeds
of the western coast of tropical Africa and adjacent islands; a critical assessment. IV. Rhodophyta
Cevicaeete 6. Genera [Q] R—Z, and an update of current names for non-geniculate Corallinales. Bull.
t. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.) 28: 115-150.
Womersley, H . B.S. 1994. The marine benthic flora of southern Australia. Part IITA. Bangiophycae and
Florideophyceae (Acrochaetiales, Nemaliales, Gelidiales, Hildenbrandiales and Gigartinales sensu
ato). Canberra: Australia Biological Resources Study. 508 pp.
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 229-256. 2005.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF BRYOPSIS
(ULVOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYTA)
FROM THE SULTANATE OF OMAN, WITH A CENSUS OF
CURRENTLY RECOGNIZED SPECIES IN THE GENUS
Michael J. Wynne
University of Michigan Herbarium
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 USA
Apstract. Two new species of the green algal genus Bryopsis, B. nana, and B. robusta, are described
on the basis of collections made from Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman. Bryopsis nana is of relatively small stat-
ure (4-8 mm tall) and has radial branching (to a single order, the branches only 0.5—1.0 mm long). Bryopsis
robusta is distinguished by its large size (to 11 cm in height and primary axes to 2.0 mm in diameter) and
the distichous nature of its branches (to three orders). The new species are known only from southern
Oman, a region impacted by the summertime monsoon of nutrient-rich, relatively cold-water conditions.
A census of the 47 other species currently recognized as belonging to the genus Bryopsis. Full literature
citations are provided for all accepted names in Bryopsis as well as all doubtful and excluded names. One
new combination, Bryopsis cupressina var. adriatica, is proposed.
INTRODUCTION
The genus Bryopsis Lamouroux (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) has a wide dis-
tribution in tropical to cool temperate seas. Populations of Bryopsis hypnoides J. V.
Lamour. occurring at Helgoland in the North Sea have been shown to tolerate water
temperatures from 0° to 30° C (Liining 1984). Not only is a significant morphologi-
cal diversity recognized in the genus, but a variety of life-history patterns has been
demonstrated (Rietema 1970, 1971; van den Hoek et al. 1972; Bartlett & South 1973;
Diaz-Piferrer & Burrows 1974; Tanner 1981; Bold & Wynne 1985). Some of these
morphological and life-history differences have led to the recognition of segregate
genera, such as Bryopsidella (Hustede 1964; Rietema 1972, 1975) and Pedobesia
(MacRaild & Womersley 1974).
Previously, Bryopsis pennata J. V. Lamour. (Barratt et al. 1984), B. maxima Oka-
mura ex Segawa (Wynne 1999b), B. plumosa (Huds.) C. Agardh (Wynne 2001b), B.
hypnoides, and B. indica A. Gepp & E. Gepp (Schils & Coppejans 2003) have been
reported from the Sultanate of Oman. A recent treatment of the genus Bryopsis
occurring in Pakistan, another part of the northern Arabian Sea, by Nizamuddin
(1995) reported a somewhat surprising total of 16 species. That total included four
newly described species and eight new records for Pakistan. Perhaps it is then not
unexpected that intensive collecting of a different region of the northern Arabian
Sea, namely, the southern (Dhofar) coast of the Sultanate of Oman, has also revealed
the occurrence of two undescribed species of Bryopsis. This up-to-now little explored
coastline has provided a rich source of previously unknown taxa of benthic marine
algae (Nizamuddin & Campbell 1995; Wynne 1998, 1999a, 1999b, 2001a, 2002a, 2002b,
2003a, 2003b, 2003c, 2004; Wynne & de Jong 2002; Schils & Coppejans 2002; Schils
et al. 2003). The complex composition of this flora on the Dhofar coast has been
attributed in part to the dominating summertime monsoon season with its upwelling
associated with decreased water temperatures, raised nutrient levels, and high-energy
wave conditions (Wynne 2000, 2004).
229
230 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Fig. |. Bryopsis nana. Habit of a typical caespitose cluster of thalli (part of the holotype).
NEW SPECIES
Bryopsis nana M. J. Wynne, sp. nov.—T PE: SULTANATE OF OMAN. Western side of Wadi
Zeid (=Hoon's Bay) (16.94497°N, 54.80402°E), east of Mirbat, Dhofar, 21
Sep 2000, Tim Collins 21092000-14-02, epizoic (holotype: MICH!; isotypes:
BM! ON!). Figs. 1-5, 9.
Thalli erecti, 5-8 mm alti, axes primarii 315-410 um in diametro maximo: rami-
ficatio tantum uno ordinis; rami extremo distali axis primario pro parte maxima
restricti; rami laterales plerumque 500-780 (—940) pm longi et 150-200 (—260) um in
diam.; shed rami exuti cicatricibus persistentibus in axe primario indicati; cicatrices
circa 40-50 um in diam.; chloroplastae discoideae, 3-4 (—7) um latae, omnis uno
pyrenoide.
The collection consisted of many small thalli removed from the surface of a gas-
tropod shell. The thalli are in tight caespitose clumps (Fig. 1); individual erect thalli
reach 5 to 8 mm (Figs. 2-5). Primary axes are 315-410 um wide in their greatest diam-
eter (above the base) and gradually decrease in diameter distally. Thalli are branched
only to a single order, the lateral branches radially arranged and largely confined to
the distal ends of the parent axes (Figs. 2-5). The lateral branches are usually 500-780
(—940) um long and 150-200 (—260) pm in diameter at their mid-point. Scars of shed
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 231
Figs. 2-5. Bryopsis nana. Examples of primary axes with radial arrangement of branches at distal end
(camera-lucida drawings).
laterals are evident along much of the length of the primary axes (Figs. 2-5). Scars
measure about 40-50 im in diameter. Chloroplasts (Fig. 9) are discoidal, 34 (-7) pm
across, each with a single pyrenoid.
The two most striking characteristics of B. nana are its very small size and the
radial nature of the branching. The presence of these two character states facilitates
our comparison of the new species mainly to those species of Bryopsis with similarly
small stature and radial branching. Nizamuddin (1995) in his study of Bryopsis as
occurring on the coast of Pakistan listed a total of 16 species, but only two of those
species were said to have radial branching, B. hypnoides and B. corymbosa J. Agardh.
Along with B. plumosa, the type of the genus, B. hypnoides is one of the most fre-
quently reported species of the genus; it has been reported from Kuwait (Al-Hasan &
Jones 1989) and the Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia (De Clerck & Coppejans 1996). Thalli
of B. hypnoides are typically described as 5-10 cm high (Nizamuddin 1995; Coppejans
& Van den heede 1996; Stegenga et al. 1997a; Littler & Littler 2000). Also, branching
232 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
in B. hypnoides is to more than a single order. These differences easily separate B.
nana from B. hypnoides.
The second species of Bryopsis with radial branching reported by Nizamuddin
(1995) from Pakistan is B. corymbosa. Afonso-Carrillo and Sansén (1999) described
the thalli of B. corymbosa as having irregular branching and the branchlets forming
a terminal plume with a corymbiform aspect, which does resemble thalli of B. nana.
Agardh (1842) described the fronds of B. corymbosa as “minutae, vix bipollicares
[= scarcely two inches], caespitosae,” and as growing epiphytically on a species of
Codium. The height of thalli in B. corymbosa has been reported as 2-10 cm (Vino-
gradova 1979), about 2 cm (Bérgesen 1925), and 1-2 cm (Feldmann 1937). Bryopsis
pumila was described by Zanardini (1847) from Venice as caespitose, only 8-10 mm
tall, and with densely branched subcorymbose filaments. DeToni (1889) regarded B.
pumila as scarcely different from B. corymbosa, and it was treated as conspecific with
B. corymbosa by Cammerloher (1915) and Pignatti (1962). Thus, the lower size range
of B. corymbosa [including B. pumila] approximates the height of thalli of B. nana.
Thalli of B. corymbosa, however, have been depicted as having branching to three
orders (Ktitzing 1856, pl. 73, fig. B, as B. fastigiata, pl. 81, fig. 11; Feldmann 1937). Both
Bgrgesen (1925) and Feldmann (1937) have emphasized the very irregular ramifica-
tion in B. corymbosa. These differences are sufficient to distinguish B. corymbosa
from B. nana.
The characterization of B. cupressina J. V. Lamour. by Afonso-Carrillo and
Sanson (1999) as having radial branching, axes bearing simple branchlets only in the
superior portion of the thalli, and having the lower branches not larger than the up-
per branches shows similarity to B. nana. Yet, branching takes place to two or three
orders in B. cupressina (Kiitzing 1856, pl. 79; Funk 1927, fig. 17D; Afonso-Carillo &
Sanson 1999), which distinguishes it from B. nana. Likewise, the habit of B. feld-
mannii Gallardo & G. Furnari (Gallardo et al. 1993) has radially arranged laterals
borne in a terminal tuft (Kiitzing 1856, as B. cupressoides), but that species has two
orders of branching and has thalli 4-5 cm in height.
Bryopsis nana bears some resemblance to B. eckloniae, described as an epiphyte
on the kelp Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenf. (Stegenga et al. 1997). This South
African species forms expanses several centimeters in diameter, with the primary
axes only 5 mm high, and also shows radial branching. Yet, the primary axes in B,
eckloniae are only to 200 um in diameter (less than twice the diameter of that in B.
nana), and branching occurs to two orders, with the branches not distally restricted,
as seen in B. nana.
Bryopsis africana Aresch. is similar to B. nana in having densely caespitose thalli
usually with polystichously arranged, unbranched pinnules. Also, primary axes are
300-400 jum in diameter (Stegenga et al. 1997). Thalli in B. africana attain a height to
5 cm, branching often in short secund series, and the older ramuli produce descending
rhizoids covering the primary axes, all features not observed in B. nana.
Kutzing’s depiction (1856, as B. pennatula) of Bryopsis pennata var. minor J. Agardh
(1887) shows very small thalli with terminal tufts of laterals, similar to the habit of B. nana.
Closer scrutiny of Kiitzing’s illustrations shows the primary axes to be branched and the
laterals to be distichously arranged. Thus, this taxon does not agree with B. nana.
Originally, Womersley (1955) described B. minor from southern Australia as
having thalli only 2 cm high, but later (Womersley 1984) he expanded the variation
to include thalli to 15 cm high. Bryopsis minor, which has radial branching, is clearly
separable from B. nana by its large, bushy habit, its several orders of branching, and
the very slender pinnules.
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 230
Fig. 6. Bryopsis robusta. Holotype (herbarium specimen).
Bryopsis pusilla, a small-statured species described by Levring (1938) from South
Africa, has branching restricted to a single order with a distichous arrangement. Fur-
thermore, according to Seagrief (1984), B. pusilla may merely represent a juvenile
stage of Codium.
Bryopsis robusta M. J. Wynne sp. nov.—T ype: SULTANATE OF OMAN. Raaha (=Alto)
Bay (16.95116°N, 54. 81650°E), E of Mirbat, Dhofar, 15 Sep 2001, M. Wynne
15092001-10-01; in drift (holotype: MICH!). Figs. 6-8.
Thallus effusus, 11 cm altus et 16 cm latus, ramis ordinis primi 8—9 cm in longit.;
per aliquot rhizoideis basalibus affixus, omne 4-6 mm longum; axis primarius tres or-
dinibus ramosus; axis ordinis primi et rami ordinis primi et secundi robusti, 1.5—2.
0 mm in diametro; ramificatio dispositione disticha; rami sporadice orientes, non ad
intervalla conferta regularia; rami in 1 mm distantia interdum orientes, fortasse in
2.0-3.0 cm distantia interdum orientes; rami ordinis tertii circa 1.0 mm in diametro,
2.5 mm longi; chloroplastae relative grandes, elongatae, fusiformes, 10-16 um x 6-10
um, plerumque uno pyrenoide, interdum duo pyrenoidibus.
This new species is known from only a single specimen (Fig. 6), which is a spread-
ing plant reaching 11 cm in height and 16 cm in width; the first-order branches are
8-9 cm long. Attachment is by means of several anchoring basal rhizoids, each 4-6
mm long. The primary axis is branched to three orders. The primary axis and first-
and second-order branches are robust, 1. 5—2.0 mm in diameter. Branching shows a
distichous arrangement (Figs. 6,7). Branches arise sporadically, not at close, regular
intervals. They may arise within a 1-mm distance, but they may also be spaced from
234 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Figs. 7-9. Bryopsis robusta and B, nana. Fig. 7. Portion of thallus of Bryopsis robusta, showing discon-
tinuity of cytoplasm at proximal ends of the branches. Figs. 8, 9. Chlor oplasts with pyrenoids of Bryopsis
robusta (Fig. 8) and B, nana (Fig. 9), drawn to same scale. (All are camera-lucida ae
2.0 to 3.0 cm apart. Third-order branches are about |. 0 mm in diameter and may
be up to 2.5 cm long. Chloroplasts (Fig. 8) are relatively large and elongate, spindle-
shaped, 10-16 um by 6-10 um, usually with a single pyrenoid, sometimes with two.
In terms of its large size, B. robusta comes closest to B. maxima Okamura ex
Segawa (1956), a species previously reported from Oman (Wynne 1999b). A high
degree of shared floristic elements between the marine algal floras of Japan and the
northern Arabian Sea has been recognized (Bgrgesen 1934; Wynne, 2000). In order
to have a good understanding of the morphological variation in B. maxima, the fol-
lowing specimens of Japanese and Omani collections in MICH were examined:
APAN. Honshu, Chiba Pref., Choshi-shi: 15. v. 1988, leg. T. Tanaka (Algae Marinae et Salsugineae
nek 52). Chiba Pref., Inubozaki, eet 23. v. 1970, leg. M. Yoshizaki no. 8-008. Honshu, Shizuoka Pref.,
Shimoda: v. 1956, leg. 1. Shihira OMAN. Al Hallaniyat Islands, southeast bay: 22. x. 1983, leg. Personnel
of Tropical Marine Research Station, a of York.
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 239
Japanese specimens of B. maxima range in height from 12 to 38 cm, whereas the
Omani specimens previously identified as B. maxima are 18-19 cm tall. So in terms
of height, thalli of B. maxima are taller than the single specimen of B. robusta. The
most obvious difference between these two species is seen in the lateral branches; in
B. maxima they are numerous, closely set, usually only 3-6 (—7) mm in length, with a
smaller diameter than the parent axis. This is also obvious in depictions of B. maxima
in the literature (Segawa 1956; Chihara 1970, 1975). In B. robusta, there is very
little reduction in diameter of the primary axis and the various orders of branches.
Furthermore, the branches are not regularly and densely arranged, but rather they
are sporadically and irregularly placed, often with long intervals between adjacent
branches. The habit of B. robusta is thus very different from that of B. maxima.
In most of the laterals in B. robusta there is a discontinuity in the cytoplasm
between the base of the lateral and the bearing axis (Fig. 7). Christensen (1994)
discussed this phenomenon occurring in older branches of species of Bryopsis and
noted that a wall can be formed across the narrowing. A wall per se was not detect-
able in the specimen of B. robusta, but there was an obvious void of cytoplasm at the
constrictions.
DISCUSSION
The genus Bryopsis was described by Lamouroux (1809a) and lectotypified by
Egerod (1952) with B. pennata J. V. Lamour. Prior to the description of these two new
species from the Sultanate of Oman, the genus has been regarded as comprising 47
species (see Appendix 1). A number of names in Bryopsis exist in the literature that
are here excluded or treated as doubtful (see Appendix 2). These include names that
are illegitimate, not validly published, or of “taxa inquirenda,” as well as names that
were transferred to other genera.
As stated earlier, Nizamuddin (1995) reported the occurrence of 16 species of
Bryopsis for the coast of Pakistan, including four newly described species (B. aishae,
B. pakistanica, B. manorensis, and B. qasimensis) and another eight species to repre-
sent first reports for Pakistan: B. cespitosa Kiitz., B. corticulans (?) Setch., B. duplex
De Not., B. fastigiata Kiitz., B. harveyana J. Agardh, B. indica A. Gepp & E. Gepp,
B. penicillata Suhr, and B. pennata J. V. Lamour. The two new species of Bryopsis (B.
nana and B. robusta) herein described from Oman do not match up with any of the
species recognized by Nizamuddin for Pakistan. In Nizamuddin’s key to species, only
two species are said to have radially branched thalli, B. hypnoides and B. corymbosa.
For the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman regions of Iran, Sohrabipour and Rabit
(1999) reported three taxa of Bryopsis: B. pennata var. secunda, B. pennatula [=B.
pennata var. minor], and B. plumosa). These taxa are also distinct from the two new
species from Oman.
The dimensions of the chloroplasts have been used as a criterion in distinguishing
species of Bryopsis (Feldmann 1937; Pignatti 1962; Medlin 1984). Drawn to the same
scale with a camera-lucida, the small size of the chloroplasts of B. nana relative to
the much larger size of those of B. robusta is striking (Figs. 8, 9).
The evidence supports the description of two new species of the genus Bryopsis
from the northern Arabian Sea. Thus, seven species of the genus are now reported
as occurring in Oman: B. hypnoides, B. indica, B. maxima, B. nana, B. pennata, B.
plumosa, and B. robusta.
236 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I acknowledge support from the Algal Biodiversity Project of Oman (1999, 2002), funded by the
British Governments's Darwin Initiative grant for the Survival of Species. That project was managed by
HTS Development Ltd., U.K., working with the Natural History Museum of Muscat, Oman: the Natural
History Museum of ondon: and the University of Michigan Herbarium. The Darwin Initiative is part
of the British Government's Department of Environment Transport and the Regions (DETR). I thank
the following individuals who participated in the two collections trips (September, 2000, and September,
2001): Mr. Glenn Richards, Mr. Tim Collins, Mrs. Gianna Minton, and Dr. Henry Ford. Mr. David Bay of
the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, eige in the prepara-
tion of the artwork, for which I am very grateful. I thank Dr. G. Robin South and Dr. H. B.S. Wom mersley
for ae the manuscript. and Dr. Paul C. Silva and Dr. Hideo Ohba for helping me retrieve obscure
liter
LITERATURE CITED
Adams, N. M. 1994. Seaweeds of New Zealand. An illustrated guide. 360 pp. Christchurch: Canterbury
University Press.
Afonso Carrillo, J.,and M. Sanson. 1999. Algas, hongos y faner6gamas marinas de las Islas Canarias. Clave
analitica. Materiales Didacticos Universitarios, Serie Biologia 2. 254 pp. Universidad de La Laguna.
Agardh, C. A. 1822-1823. Species algarum Vol. 1, part 2. 1822: [viii] + 169-398; 1823: 399-531. Lund.
. 1824. Systema algarum. xxxviii + 312 pp. ;
Agardh, : G. 1841. In historiam algarum symbolae. Linnaea 15: 1-50, 443-457.
842. Algae maris Mediterranei et Adriatici, observationes in diagnosin specierum et dispositionem
generum. Paris: Fortin, Masson et Cie.
———.. 1847. Nya alger fran Mexico. Ofvers. Forh. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. 4: 5-17.
. 1854. Nya algformer. Ofvers. Férh. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. 11: 107-111.
———.. 1877. De algis novae Zealandiae marinis. Acta Univ, Lund., Afdel. Mathematik och Naturveten-
skap, 14(4): 1-32.
. 1887. Till algernes systematic. Nya bidrag. VIII. Siphoneae. Acta Univ. Lund., Afdel. Mathematik
och Natucvelensiap, 23(2). 174 + [6] pp, 5 pls.
Al- oa R.H., and W. E. Jones. 1989. Marine algal flora and sea grasses of the coast of Kuwait. J. Univ.
ait Ee 16: 289- 240,
peas F. 1864. Enumerazione delle alghe di Sicilia. Comment. Soc. Crittog. 1: 391-436. Genoa.
ne Phycologia Mediterranea. Part I. Oosporee—Zoosporee—Schizosporee. 325 pp. Varese:
rafia Maj E. Malna
(Ot J. E. 1850. Piaeeari: quae in maribus roo ald crescunt, enumeratio. Sectio posterior.
Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 14: 385-454,
1851. tA ce alas 32 pp. Uppsala.
Asen, p A. 1980. A n n Chondria dasyphylla, ele ia serpens (Rhodophyta) and Bryopsis
lyngbyei areee in Norway. Brit. Phycol. J. 15: 73-7
Bateau 1990. Check-list of benthic marine algae from ene (north-western Mediterranean).
Treb. ina Bot. Barcelona 13: 5—5
Barratt, L., R. F G. Ormond, A. Campbell, S. Hiscock, P. Hogarth, and J. Taylor. 1984. Ecological study of
rocky shores on the south coast of Oman. Report of the International Union for the Conservation of
Nature and Natural Resources to the United Nations Environmental Programme. 102 pp. Geneva.
Bartlett, R. E.,and G. R. South. 1973. Observations on i life history of aes hypnoides Lamour. from
Newfoundland: a new variation in culture. Acta Bo
Barton, E. S. 1893. A provisional list of the marine algae 7 the Cape of Ae Hope. J. Bot. 31: 53-56, 81-84,
110- ae 138-144, 171-177, 202-210
5. Notes on Bryopsis. J. Bot. 33: 161-162, pl. 349.
Barschi I. = R. Kuhlenkamp. 2000. The marine macroalgae of a es (North Sea): an annotated list
of records between 1845 and 1999. Helgol. Mar. Res. 54: 160-189.
Batters, E. A. L. 1902. A catalogue of the British marine algae. ‘ Bot. 40, suppl.: 1-107.
Berthold, G. 1882. Uber die Vertheilung der Algen im Golf von Neapel nebst einem Verzeichnis der bisher
daselbst beobachtetn Arten. Mitt. Zool. Stat. Neapel 3: 393-5
Bold, H. C., and M. J. Wynne. 1985. Introduction to the algae. Structure and reproduction. 2d ed. xvi + 720
p. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc
Borasco de Zaixso, A. 2000. Presence of Nee rhizophora Howe (Siphonales) in Argentina. Physis,
Secc. A, 57: 61-63.
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS Za7
Borgesen, F. 1911. Some Chlorophyceae from the Danish West Indies. Bot. Tidsskr. 31: 127-152.
. 1925. Marine coe from the Canary Islands. I. Chlorophyceae. Kongel. Danske Vidensk.-Selsk.,
Biol. Meddel. 5(3): 1-123.
me marine algae from the northern part of the Arabian Sea with remarks on their geo-
mrapiical distribution. Kongel. Danske Vidensk.-Selsk., Biol. Meddel. 11(6): 1-72, 2
Bornet, E. 1892. Les algues de P.-K.-A. Schousboe, récoltées au Maroc & dans la ieee nes de 1815a
1829 et déterminées par. M. Edouard Bornet. Mém. Soc. Sci. Se Cherbourg 28: 165-376, 3 pls.
Bory de Saint-Vincent, J. B. 1827-1829. Cryptogamie. In Voyage autour de monde...sur La Coquille,
pendant...1822 1823 1824 et 1825... Botanique, ed. L. J. Duperrey. 301 pp, + atlas of 38 pls. [1827: 1-96;
1828: 97-200; 1829: 201-301; 1826: atlas]. Paris.
Bula-Meyer, G. 1995. Macroalgas de la Isla de Gorgona (Pacifico Colombiano) con nuevos registros y una
explicacion de la baja diversidad y biomasa. In La Isla de Gorgona. Nuevos estudios bioldégicos, ed.
P. Pinto. Biblioteca J. J. Triana 11: 23-45.
Burr, F. A., and J. A. West. 1970. Light and electron PUIELOS COD observations on the vegetative and repro-
ductive structures of Bryopsis hypnoides. Phycologia —37.
Burrows, E. M. 1991. Seaweeds of the British Isles. Vol. 2 GHemia xi + 238 + [2] pp. London: Nat. Hist.
Mus. Publ.
Gneeie H. 1915. Die Griinalgen der Adria. vi + 141 pp, 6 pls. Berlin. [Cited by Pignatti (1962)]
Chapman, V. J. 1956. Marine algae of New Zealand. Part I. Myxophyceae and Chlorophyceae. J. Linn. Soc.,
Bot. 54: 333-500.
Chihara, M. 1970. Common seaweeds of Japan in Color. Osaka: Hoikusha Publ. Co., xviii + 173 pp. [In
Japanese]
———., 1975. [Marine algae: Illustrated Compendium for Study by Middle and High School Students.| 290 pp.
okyo: Gakken Co. Ltd. [In Japanese]
Christensen, T. 1994. Algae. A taxonomic survey. Fasc. 2: 217-472. Odense: AiO Print Ltd.
Collins, F. S., and A. B. Hervey. 1917. The algae of Bermuda. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 53: 1-195, 6 pls.
Collins, F. S., 1. Holden, and W. A. ey 1899. (1895-1919). Phycotheca Boreali-Americana. Exsiccati
Fascicles 1-46 and A-E. Malden
Coppejans, E. 1983. Iconographie I’ a cia ues Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, Rhodophyta.
Biblioth. Phycol. 63. xxviii pp, 317 pls. Vaduz: J. Cra
Coppejans, E., and C. Van den heede. 1996. The nee es (exci Codium) (Chlorophyta) from Kenya,
Tanzania and the Seychelles. Belg. J. Bot. 129: 4
Cribb, A. B. 1954. Records of marine algae from aa eastern Queensland I. Univ. Queensland Pap. Dept.
Bot. 3(3): 15-37, 4 pls.
Crouan, P. L.,and H. M. Crouan 1867. Florule du Finistére... 262 pp, 31 pls., 1 pl. suppl. Paris: F Klincksieck.
Dawson, E. Y. 1961. Plantas marinas de la zona de las mareas de El Salvador (Intertidal marine plants of
El ee Pacific Naturalist 2: 389-461.
rds of marine algae from the Galapagos Islands. Pacific Naturalist 4: 3-23.
aa C. Acleto, and N. Foldvik. 1964. The seaweeds of Peru. Beih. Nova Hedwigia 13: 1-111, 81 pls.
ee J. 1841 [‘1839’]. Plantes de l’Arabie Heureuse, recueillies par M. P.-E. Batta et déscrites par M.
. Decaisne. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 2: 89-199, pls. V-VII.
De Bay O., and E. Coppejans. 1996. Marine algae of the Jubail Marine Wildlfe Sanctuary, Saudi Arabia.
ne Wildlife Sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf. Environmental Research and Conservation Fol-
own fee 1991 Gulf War Oil Spill, ed. E. Krupp, A. H. Peon and I. A. Nader, 199-289. Riyadh:
NCWCD; Frankfurt am Main: ey ena Institu
De Notts G. 1844. Sopra alcune alghe del mare Ligustico. Giorn. a Ital. 1(1): 311-322.
———. 1846. Novitd algologiche [Prospetto della Flora ce aee In Descrizione di Genova e del Genove-
sato, cae per cura del Municipio di Genova in occasione del Congresso degli scienziati italiani
tenuto in questa citta nell’anno 1846, 1(2): 66-74, 1 fold-out plate. Genoa: Ferrando.
De Notaris, G., and F. Baglietto. 1869. Erbario crittogamico italiano. Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1: 30-36.
Derbés, A., and A. Solier. 1856. Mémoire sur quelques Bae de la physiologie des algues. Compt. Rend.
Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 1 (Suppl.): 1-120, 23 pls. P
De Toni, G. B. 1889. Sylloge ee Vol. I. Chloro es cxxxix + 1,315 pp. Padua.
Diaz-Piferrer, M., and E. M. Burrows. 1974. The life history of Bryopsis hypnoides Lamour. from Anglesey,
North Wales and from the Caribbean. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 54: 529-538
Ducker, S. C. 1966. An earlier name for the green alga Chlorodesmis bulbosa. Phycologia 5: 245-246
. 1979. History of Australian phycology: the significance of early French exploration. Brunonia 2:
19-42.
Egerod, L. E. 1952. An analysis of the siphonous Chlorophycophyta with special reference to the Sipho-
nocladales, Siphonales, and Dasycladales of Hawaii. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 25: 325-454
_
238 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Ellis, J. 1768. Extract of a letter from John Ellis, Esquire, F. R. S. to Dr. Linnaeus, of Upsal, FR. S. on the
animal nature of the genus of zoophytes, called Corallina. Philos. Trans. [R. Soc. London] 57: 404-427,
Is. XVU, XVII.
Feldmann, J. 1937. Les algues marines de la cote des Albéres. I-III. Cyanophycées, Chlorophycées, Phéo-
hycées. Rev. Algol. 9: 141-335, pls. 8-17.
Frauenfeld, G. 1854. Aufzihlung der Algen der dalmatischen Kiiste... Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Vereins Wien
4 (Abh.) 317-350.
. 1855. Die Algen der Dalmatischen Kuste... xviii + 78 pp, 26 pls. Vienna: Kaiserl, Konigl. Hof- und
Staatdruckerei.
Funk G. 1927. Die Algenvegetation des Golfes von Neapel... Pubbl. Staz. Zool. Napoli 7 (suppl.): 1-507,
20 pls
. 1955. Die Meeresalgen von Neapel zugleich Mikrophotographischer Atlas. Pubbl. Staz. Zool.
Napoli 25 (Suppl.) 178 pp, 30 pls. [Reprinted 1978, O. Koeltz Sci. Publ., Koenigstein, Germ any.|
Furnari, G., Cormaci, M., and Serio, D. 1999, Catalogue of the benthic marine macroalgae of the Italian
coast of the Adriatic a Bocconea [Palermo] 12: 1-214.
Furnari, G., G. Giaccone, M. Cormaci, G. Alongi, and D. Serio. 2003. Marine biodiversity of Italian coast:
catalogue of i“ macrophytobenthos. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 10(1). 481 pp. Genoa: Societa
Italiana di Biologia Marina Onlus. [In Italian]
Gallardo, T., A. Gomez Garreta, M. A. Ribera, M. Cormaci, G. Furnari, G. Giaccone, and C. E. Bou-
douresque 1993, Check-list of Mediterranean seaweeds. UI. Chlorophyceae Wille s./. Bot. Mar. 36:
399-4
Gepp, A., Ke E. S, Gepp. 1908. Marine algae (Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae) and marine phanero-
gams of the “Sealark” oo collected by J. Stanley Gardiner, M.A., ER.S., EL.S. Trans. Linn.
Soc. London, Bot. 7: 163-188, :
Greuter W., J. Mc Neill J., H.-M. oe V. Demoulin, T. S. Filgueiras, D. H. Nicolson, P. C. Silva, J. E. Skog,
P. Trehane, N. J. Turland, and D. L. Hawksworth. 2002. International code of botanical nomenclature
(St. Louis Code). Regnum Veg. 138: 1-4
Guiry, M. D., and E. Nic Dhonncha. 2003. Aasnacs World-wide Web electron publication. www. algae-
bas
Hamel, G 1931. Chlorophycées des cétes frangaises. Rev. algol. 6: 9-7
Harvey, W. H. 1846-1851. Phycologia Britannica... 4 vols., 360 pls. Se Reeve and Benhat
. 1858. Nereis Boreali-Americana. Part Il. Chlorospermeae. Smithsonian Contr. eeu 10(2):
1-140, 14 pls.
es F. 1885. Die Meeresalgen Deutschlands und Oesterreichs. xxiii + 575 pp. 5 pls. Leipzig: E. Kummer
ne, K.-G., and R. Schnetter. 1999. Revision of the Pseuedobryopsis/Trichosolen complex (Beyopsidales
oe based on features of gametangial behavior and chloroplasts. Phycologia 38: 114-127.
mone E 1841. i aed algarum novarum a cl. Dre. Ferdinand Krauss in Africa Australi lectarum. Ann.
g. Nat. Hist. 8: 90-92.
Hoek, ig van den, A. - Cortel-Breeman, H. Rietema, and J. B. W. Wanders. 1972. Linterprétation des
données obtenues, par des cultures unialgales, sur les cycles évolutifs des algues. Quelques fae
tirés des recherches conduites au laboratorie de Groningue. Mém. Soe. Bot. France 1972: 4
Holmes, E. M., and E. A. L. Batters. 1891. A revised list of the British marine algae. Ann. Bot. ae
i
Hornemann, J. W. 1818. [cones plantarum...[Fl. dan.]. Vol. 9, fase. 27. 1 1 pp, pls. 1561-1620. Copenhagen.
[Hornemann authored this volume; G. C. Oeder, O. F. Miiller et al. authored other volumes. }
Howe, M. A. 1914. The marine algae of Peru. Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 15: 1-185, 66 pls.
Hudson, ue 1762. Flora nent vill + 506 + [22] pp. London.
———.. 1778. Flora anglica... 2d ed. xxxviii + 690 pp. London.
arn H. 1964. SUT eee teste Untersuchungen iiber den Generationswechsel zwischen
Derbesia neglecta Berth. und Bryopsis halymeniae Berth. Bot. Mar. 6: 134-142.
Huve, P., and H. Huvé. 1963. A propose de Penicillus capitatus Lamarck, forma mediterranea (Decaisne)
comb. nov. (Caulerpale, Udotéacée). Proc. Int. Seaweed Symp. 4; 99-111 . [Ed. A. Davy de Virville
and J. Feldmann.
Hylm6, D. E. 1919. Zur Kenntnis der subantarktischen und antarktischen Meeresalgen. ITI. re ee,
In oe. Ergebnisse der Schwedischen Siidpolar-Expedition 1901-1903, ed. O. Nor
skj6ld, 4(2, 16
saat oe FE. R. ie anne Chlorophyceer fran Japan. Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl, 23
(Afd. 3, no. 11): 1-44.
Kobara, T., and M. Chihara. 1995. Laboratory cultures and taxonomy of Bryopsis (Class Ulvophyceae) in
Japan I. Bryopsis triploramosa, sp. nov. J. Jap. Bot. 70: 181-186.
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 239
Kornmann, P., and P-H. Sahling. 1976. Wiedereinfiihrung von Bryopsis eee Pima Chlo-
rophyta) als selbstindige Art. Helgolander Wiss. Meeresuntersuch. 2 217-2
Koster, J. 1941. Quelques observations sur les Bryopsis du Golfe de Rae ae 4: 225-258.
Kraft, G. T. 2000. Marine and estuarine benthic eee algae (Chlorophyta) of Lord Howe Island, South-
western Pacific. Austral. Syst. Bot. 13: 509
ae S e 1843. Phycologia generalis... XXxii + ee pp, 80 pls. Leipzig.
———. 1845. Phycologia germanica. x + 1-340 [‘240’] pp. Nordhausen.
nee Species algarum. Leipzig: Brockhaus.
1856. Tabulae phycologicae. Vol. 4, iv + 35 pp, 100 pls. Nordhausen
a J.B.,and A. P. de Candolle. 1805. Flore francaise. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. xx + 600 pp, 1 folded map. Paris:
ray. Algues algae’: pp. 4
eee J.V.F. 1809a "Observations sur la pee des algues marines, et ae de cing nou-
veaux genres de cette famille. Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1: 330-— 333,
_1809b. Mémoire sur trois nouveaux genres de la famille des algues marines. J Bot. [Desvaux] 2:
129- ae pl. I; pl. III: fig. 1
_ 1813. Essai sur les genres de la famille des Thalassiophytes non articulées. Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist.
Nat. 20: 21-40, 115-139, 267-293, pls. 7-13.
_ 1822. Algae. In Enumeratio plantarum quas in insulis ee aut littoribus Point-Euxini, annis
1819 et 1820, ed. J. Dumont D’Urville, 126-131. Paris: Haut
Lawson, G. W., and D. M. sa 1982. The marine algae and ne environment of tropical West Africa.
Beih. Nova Hedwigia 70: 1-455.
Lee, W. J.,S. M. Boo, and I. K. Lee. 1991. Notes on ma ie Bryopsis (Bryopsidaceae, Chlorophyta) from
Ullongdo mie Korea. Korean J. Phycol. 6
Levring, T. 1938. Verzeichnis vee crops a Phaeophyceen von Siidafrika. Acta Univ. Lund.,
N. EF, Andra Afdel. 34(9):
Littler, D. 5 and M. M. Littler. aa ee reef plants... 542 pp. Washington, D. C.: OffShore Graph-
ics,
Liining, 2 1984. Temperature tolerance and biogeography of seaweeds: the marine algal flora of Helgoland
(North Sea) as an example. Helgolainder Wiss. Meeresuntersuch. 38: 305-317.
Lyngbye, H.C. 1819. Tentamen Re Danicae... xxxii + 248 pp, 70 pls. Copenhage
MacRaild, G. N., and H. B. S. Womersley. 1974. The py and reproduction of Derbesia cnet
J. Agardh) De Toni Cie Phycologia 13
Martens, G. von. 1868 [‘1866’]. Die Tange. In Die par ae Expedition nach Ost-Asien. Nach amtlichen
uellen. Botanischer Theil. 152 pp, 8 pls. Berlin.
Medlin, L. K. 1984. Short note on changes in the abundance and occurrence of six macroalgal species along
e Texas coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Contr. Mar. Sci. 27: 85-91.
aoe G. 1844. Algarum species novae vel minus notae. Giorn. Bot. Ital. ee
——. a. Di alcune nuove specie di Bryopsis. Slee Bot. Ital. 1(2): 246-2
ae b Due nuove specie di Briossidi adriatiche descritte. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(2): 385-388.
oe J. F.C. 1842. Algae. In ane physique, politique et naturelle de Vile de Cuba, ed. R. de la
Sagra), 8: 1-104. Paris: A. Bertrand.
Moris, G., and G. De Notaris. eS, "Florala caprariae sive enumeratio plantarum in insula Capraria vel
sponte nascentium vel ad utilitatem latius excultarum. Mem. Acad. Roy. Sci. Turin, ser. 2, 2(Cl. Sc.
Fis. e Mat.): 59-300, pls. IVI.
Nelson, W. A., N. M. Adams, and C. H. Hay. 1991. Marine algae of the Chatham Islands. Natl. Mus. New
eal., Misc. Series No. 23.5
Nizamuddin, M. 1995. Species of the genus Bryopsis ett (Bryopsidales-Chlorophyceae-Chlo-
rophyta) from the coast of Pakistan. Pakistan J. Bot. 27: 3-
Nizamuddin, M., and A. C. Campbell. 1995. Glossophorella, a new genus of the family Dictyotaceae
(Dietyotaes -Phaeophyta) and its ecology from the coast of the Sultanate of Oman. Pakistan J. Bot.
7: 157-62.
nd M., E. A. El-Menifi, and M. Godeh. 1994. Re-establishment of the genus Poropsis Kiitz.
Pakistan J. Bot. 26: 215-219.
Okamura, K. 1902. Nippon Sorui Meii. 274 pp. Tokyo: pee [In Japanese; not seen]
———. 1936. Nippon Kaiso-shi. Frontispiece + 9 + 6 + 964 + 11 pp. Tokyo. [In Japanese]
Oltmanns, F. 1904. Morphologie und Biologie ee ae 1. 733 pp. Jena: G. Fischer
aeca J. A. 1997. Algae. In of ane pees names and ee ed. R. ‘i F. Henderson! 223-240.
roopoly, Queensland: Queensland Herbarium, Dept. viro
ee s "1962 Le specie rene e genere Bryopsis Lap eat neers. Atti Ist. Veneto
Sci,, Lett, Arti 120: 31-
240 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Pilger, R. 1912. Die Meeresalgen von Kamerun. Nach der Sammlung von C. re In Beitrage zur
Flora von Afrika. XXXIX, ed. A. Engler. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 294-313, 316-3
1920. Algae Mildbraedianae Annobonenses. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57: 1-14.
Prud’ homie van Reine, W. F., and G. M. Lokhorst. 1992. Caulerpella gen. nov. a non- holocarpic member
of the Caulerpales (Chlorophyta). Nova Hedwigia 54: 113-126.
Ramirez, M. E., and B. sn 1991. Catalogo de las algas marinas bentdnicas de la costa temperada
del eee de Sudamérica. ooo Biologicas no. 5. Facultad de Ciencias Biolégicas, Pontificia
niversidad Catélico Chile. 385 pp.
Rietema, H. 1970. Life histories of Bryopsis plumosa, Chlorophyceae, Caulerpales, from European coasts.
Acta Bot. Neerl. 19: 859-866.
. 1971. Life-history studies in the genus Bryopsis (Chlorophyceae) IV. Life-histories in Hea
hypnoides Lamx. from different points along the European coasts. Acta Bot. Neerl. 20: 291-
. A morphological, developmental, and lies study on the life-history of ae
halymeniae (Chlorophyceae). Netherlands J. Sea Res. 5: 445-457,
mparative investigations on the life- oe and reproduction of some species in the
pnt eis algal genera Bryopsis and Derbesia. Thesis, University of Groningen, The Nether-
lands. [x] + 130 pp.
Roth, A. W. 1797. oe botanica... Fasc. 1: [viii] + 244 + [10] Pps? pls. Leipzig.
. 1806. Catalecta botanica. Fasc. 3: [viii] + 350 + [9] pp. Lei
Rull Lluch, J. 2002. Marine benthic algae of Namibia. Sci. Mar. 66 al 3): 5-256.
Schiffner, V. 1935. Kritische Bemerkungen tiber Bryopsis. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 109-116.
Schiffner, V., and A. Vatova. 1938. Le alghe della Laguna di Venezia. Sezione I. Chlorophyceae, Phaeo-
phyceae, Rhodophyceae, [appendix: Myxophyceae]. In La ee di Venezia, Monografia 3 (part 5,
tome 9, fasc. 1): 83-250, pls. XXTII-XXXV. Venice: C. Fer
Schils, T., and E. Coppejans. 2002. Gelatinous red algae of the Aes Sea, including Platoma heteromor-
phum sp. nov. (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 41; 254-267.
———.. 2003. Phytogeography of upwelling areas in the Arabian Sea. J. Biogeogr. 30: 1339-1356.
Schils T., O. De Clerck, and E. Coppejans. 2003. The red algal genus Reticulocaulis from the Arabian Sea,
one R. obpyriformis Schils, sp. nov., with comments on the family Naccariaceae. Phycologia 42:
Seagrief, - fo 1984. A catalogue of South African green, brown and red marine algae. Mem. Bot. Surv. S.
Africa No. 47. vi +
. 1988. Marine algae. In: A field guide to the eastern Cape coast, ee R. A. Lubke, F. W. Gess, and
M. N. Bruton, 35-72. Grahamstown: Wildlife Society of Souther ca.
Sapte S. 1956. Genshoku Nihon Kaiso Zukan. Coloured nee of oe seaweeds of Japan. xviii + 175
p. Osaka: Hoikusha. [In Japanese
aa W. A. 1924. American Samoa: Part I. Vegetation of Tutuila Island. Part IT. oma of the
Samoans. Pan III. Vegetation of Rose Atoll. Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 341. vi + 275 pp, 37 pls.
Setchell, W. A., and N. L. Gardner. 1920. The marine io . the Pacific coast of North pee Part 2,
Ch annie Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 8: 139-381, 2
Seubert, M. 1844. Flora azorica quam ex er un ech eae patris et filii elaboravit et
tabulis xv propria manu aeri incis. vi + 50 5 pls. B Mar
Silva, P. C., P.W. Basson, and R. L. Moe. 1996. ase of ae Rennie marine algae of the Indian Ocean.
Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 79: 1-1259,
Smith, G. M. 1944. Marine a of the Monterey Peninsula California. ix + 622 pp, Stanford, California:
Stanford University Pre
Smith, J. E., and J. Sowerby. 1812 English botany... Vol. 33, pls. 2305-2376. London. [1790-1814; 36 vols.]
sia caees J.,and R. Rabii. 1999. A list of marine algae of seashores of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea in
Hormozgan Province. Iranian J. Bot. 8: 131-162.
ae OW. . 1845. Nova algarum genera et species, quas in itinere ad oras occidentales Novae Hollandiae,
collegit L. Preiss, Ph. Dr. Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 3: 49-57.
Stegenga, H., J. J. Bolton, and R. J. Anderson. 1997a. Seaweeds of the South African west coast. Contr.
Bolus Herb. 18: 1— 655.
Stegenga, H., I. Mol, W. : Prud’*homme van Reine, and G. M. Lokhorst. 1997b. Checklist of the marine
algae of The eae eet Goerteria 4 (Suppl.): 3-57.
Tanner, C. E. 1981. Chlorophyta: life histories. In: The Biology of Seaweeds, ed. C. §. Lobban and M. J.
Wynne. Bot. Monogr. 17: 218-247.
jig W. R. 1928. The marine algae of Florida, with special reference to the Dry Tortugas. Pap. Tortugas
Lab. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 25: 1-219, 20 pls.
. 1945. Pacific marine algae of the Allan Hancock Expedition to the Galapagos Islands. Allan Han-
cock Pacific Exped. 12. iv + 528 pp.
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 241
. 1947. Algae hee by the “Hassler,” “Albatross,” and Schmitt expeditions. III. Marine algae
ae Peru and Chile. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 31: 57-90, 14 pls.
2a. A note on eee in the West Indies. Phycologia 2: 24—28.
——. an Observations on Pseudobryopsis and Trichosolen (Chlorophyceae-Bryopsidaceae) in
America. Brittonia 14: 58-65.
eats K. L. 1979. [Determination of algae of the far eastern seas of the U.S.S.R. Green algae.]
a” V. 147 pp. L. Komarov Bot. Inst., Acad. Sci. U.S. S. R., Leningrad. [In Russian]
Wome 1 B.S. 1955. New marine Chlorophyta from southern Australia. Pac. Sci. 9: 387-395
______. 1956. A critical survey of the marine algae of southern Australia. Austral. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. &
ae a
984. The marine benthic flora of Southern Australia. Part I. Handbook of the Flora and Fauna of
South Australia. 329 pp. South Australia: Government Printer.
Womersley, H. B. S., and A. Bailey. 1970. Marine algae of the Solomon Islands. Philos. Trans. Ser. B. 259:
257-352
Wynne, M. J. 1998. Champia gigantea and Lomentaria strumosa (Rhodymeniales): two new red algae from
the Sultanate of Oman. Bot. Mar. 41: 571-580
. 1999a. oe are barrattiae gen. et sp. nov., a new member of the red algal family Deles-
ae from the Sultanate of Oman. Bot. Mar. 42: 37
999b. New records . benthic marine algae form the Sultanate of Oman. Contr. Univ. Michigan
as 22: 189-208.
2000. Further connections between the benthic marine algal floras of the northern Arabian Sea
and Japan. Phycol. Res. 48: 211-220.
2001a. Stirnia pote gen. et sp. nov. (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) from the Sultanate of Oman.
Bot Mar. 44: 163-1
O001b. New ae of benthic marine algae from the Sultanate of Oman, northern Arabian Sea.
I. ee ae a 72:3
. 2002a. peaeee sicns! a Plocamium fimbriatum sp. nov. (Plocamiales, Rhodophyta) from the
Sultanate of Oman, with a census of currently reecognized species in the genus. Nova Hedwigia 75:
333-356.
_2002b. Turbinaria foliosa sp. nov. (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) from the Sultanate of Oman, with a
census of currently recognized species in the genus Turbinaria. Phycol. Res. 50: 283-293.
. 2003a. Jolyna furcata sp. nov. Resa Phaeophyceae) from the Sultanate of Oman.
ee Algol. 24: 51-61.
b. Leveillea major sp. nov. (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Sultanate of Oman. Bot.
Ge ee 357-365
_2003c. Centroceras secundum sp. nov. (Ceramiaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Sultanate of Oman.
Nova Hedwigia 77: 125-137.
2004. The benthic marine algal flora of the Sultanate of Oman and its biogeographical relation-
ships. ee J. Phycol. 52 (Suppl.): 133-136.
Wynne, M. J., and Y. S. D. M. de Jong. 2002. pera arabiensis sp. nov. (Dasyaceae, Rhodophyta)
from the Te of Oman. Bot. Mar. 45: 77-86.
Wynne, M. J., and F. Leliaert. 2001. Pedobesia simple (Kiitzing) comb. nov. eee a new name for
P. lamourouxii and its first report from the Indian Ocean. Cryptog., Algol. 22:
Wysor, B. 2004. An annotated list of marine iene from the Pacific coast of a Bei of Panama
with a eae: to Caribbean Panama species. Nova Hedwigia 78: 209-2
Yamada, Y. 1934. The marine pau ne from Ryukyu, especially from see vicinity of Nawa. J. Fac.
Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., ser. 5, Bot. 3: 33-88.
Yendo, K. 1917. Notes on algae new to japan VII. Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 31: 183-207.
ee T., Y. Naskajima, and Y. Nakata. 1990. Check-list of marine algae of Japan (revised in 1990). Jap.
Phycol. [S6rui] 38: 269-320
ee G. 1843. Saggio di Ape aici naturale delle Ficee... 64 pp, [2] pls. Venic
______, 1847. Notizie intorne alle cellulari marine delle lagune e de’ litorali di Venezia. One Reale Istituto
Veneto Scienze, Lettere ed Arti 6: 185-262, 1 fold-out plate.
. 1863 Coe Scelta di Ficee nuove o pit rare del Mare Adriatico. Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sc. 11:
271-306, pls. XI-X VII.
. 1865 [11864" ; ‘Scelta di ee nuove o piil rare del Mare Adriatico. Vol. Il. Venezia. Mem. Reale Ist.
Veneto Sc. 12: 375-410, p XI.
1868. Scelta di Ficee nuove o pill rare del Mare Adriatico. Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sc. 14: 181-216,
pls. [V-XI.
Zeller, G. 1876. Algae Brazilienses circa Rio de Janeiro a Dr. A. Glaziou, horti publici directore, collectae.
In Symbolae ad floram Brasiliae centralis cognoscendam, XXII, ed. E. Warming. Vidensk. Meddel.
Danske Naturhist. Foren. Kj@benhavn 1875, ser. 3, 7: 426-432.
242 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
APPENDIX 1
Bryopsis: ACCEPTED NAMES
1. Bryopsis africana Aresch., Phyc. cap., p. 5. 1851. Syntype localities: False Bay
and Saldanha Bay, Cape Prov., South Africa. Icon.: Seagrief (1988, fig. 5:3):
Stegenga et al. (1997a, pl. 29: 1, color pl. 32).
Bryopsis tenuis Levring, Acta Univ. Lund., N.F. 34(9): 13,figs. HI; Pl. HI, fie,
1938. Type locality: Port Nolloth, Cape Prov., South Africa, fide Stegenga
et al. (1997a), who also list B. cespitosa Suhr ex Kiitz. (1849) as possibly an
additional synonym.
2. Bryopsis aishae Nizam., Pakistan J. Bot. 27: 22, figs. 12a—k; 19a. 1995. Type locality:
Br. Buleji, Pakistan.
3. Bryopsis australis Sond., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 3: 49. 1845. Type locality: Western
Australia, probably near Fremantle, fide Womersley (1984). Icon.: Kitzing
(1856, pl. 81, fig. 1); Hylm6 (1919, figs. 31, 32); Womersley (1984, figs. 96D,
E, 97B).—See Womersley and Bailey (1970), Womersley (1984), and Kraft
(2000) for discussion of the relationship of this species to B. indica: they may
be conspecific.
4. Bryopsis cespitosa Suhr ex Kiitz., Sp. alg., p. 490. 1849. Type locality: on the shores
of southern Africa. Icon.: Kiitzing (1856, pl. 72, fig. 1). According to Stegenga
et al. (1997a), this species may possibly be conspecific with B. africana Are-
schoug (1851).
5. Bryopsis composita C. Agardh, Spec. alg. 1: 451. 1824. Type locality: France.
Bryopsis arbuscula sensu Lamouroux (1809b).
6. Bryopsis corticulans Setch. in Collins, Holden & Setchell, Phycoth. Bor.-Amer.
XIE 626. 1899. Lectotype locality: Pacific Grove, Monterey County, Califor-
nia, U.S.A., fide Smith (1944). Icon.: Setchell & Gardner (1920, pl. 15, figs. 4,
5; pl. 27); Smith (1944, pl. 9, fig. 3).
Bryopsis plumosa f. corticulans (Setch.) Yendo (1917).
7. Bryopsis corymbosa J. Agardh, Alg. maris medit., p. 21. 1842. Type locality: Livorno,
Italy. Icon.: Feldmann (1937, figs. 23:V, 28); Lee et al. (1991, figs. 2A—E; 4B).
Bryopsis fastigiata Kiitz., Phycol. germ., p. 251. 1845. ‘Type locality: Spalato = Split,
Adriatic Sea, fide Ardissone (1886), Hamel (1931), and Funk (1955);
Bryopsis implexa De Not., Prosp. FI. ligust., p. 73. 1846. Type locality: Genoa,
Italy, fide Hamel (1931).
Bryopsis pumila Zanardini, Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sc. 6: 245. 1847. Type locality:
Venice, Italy, fide Cammerloher in Pignatti (1962).
Bryopsis elegans Menegh. ex Zanardini, Mem. Reale Veneto Sc. 14: 215, pl. XI-B
(LXXI-B). 1868. Type locality: Adriatic Sea, fide Ardissone (1886; with “?”).
Bryopsis implexa var. elegans (Menegh. ex Zanardini) Hauck (1885).
Bryopsis alterna Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 28: 213. 1892,
nomen nudum.
Bryopsis ramosa Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 28: 213. 1892,
nomen nudum, fide Nizamuddin (1995).
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 243
8. Bryopsis cupressina J. V. Lamour. Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1: 333. 1809.
Type locality: Mediterranean coast of Africa. Icon.: Lamouroux (1809b, p. I,
fig. 3a, b); Funk (1927, fig. 17d, as B. cupressoides). Bryopsis balbisiana |var.]
cupressina (J. V. Lamour.) C. Agardh (1823).
8a. Bryopsis cupressina var. cupressina.
Bryopsis penicillata Suhr in Seubert, Fl. azor., p. 9, pl. 1, fig. 1. 1844. Type local-
ity: Azores. Icon.: Kiitzing (1856, pl. 78, fig. II], fide Gallardo et al. (1993)
and Furnari et al. (2003). Bryopsis plumosa (Huds.) C. Agardh f. penicillata
(Suhr) Koster (1941).
Bryopsis cupressoides J. Agardh (1842), superfluous name for B. cupressina J. V.
Lamour. (1809a).
Bryopsis flagellata Kiitz., Tab. phycol. VI, p. 28, pl. 80, fig. II. 1856. Type locality:
Venice, Italy, fide Ardissone (1886).
Bryopsis thuyoides Menegh., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(2): 252. 1845. Type locality: Spalati
= Split, Croatia, Adriatic Sea, fide Ardissone (1886).
Bryopsis sicula Ardiss., Comment. Soc. Crittog. 1: 409. 1864. Type locality: Acire-
ale, eastern Sicily, Italy, fide Ardissone (1886).
Bryopsis pseudoplumosa Ardiss., Comment. Soc. Crittog, 1: 409. 1864. Syntype
localities: Catania and Messina, Sicily, Italy, fide Ardissone (1886).
Bryopsis pinastroides Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 28: 214.
1892, nomen nudum.
8b. Bryopsis cupressina var. adriatica (J. Agardh) M. J. Wynne, comb. nov. Basionym:
Bryopsis cupressoides var. ? adriatica J. Agardh, Algae maris medit., p. 20.
1842. Syntype localities: Island of Lido, near Venice, Adriatic Sea; and “ad
Galloprovinciae littus” = shore of the French province. Bryopsis hypnoides
f. adriatica (J. Agardh) J. Agardh (1887). Bryopsis plumosa var. adriatica
(J. Agardh) Hauck (1885). Bryopsis adriatica (J. Agardh) Kutz. (1845).—
According to Furnari et al. (1999), Frauenfeld (1854) should be credited
with first proposing the combination Bryopsis adriatica rather than Menegh.
ex Kiitz. (1856), which is the authorship usually cited. Yet, Kiitzing (1845, p.
252) published this combination still earlier. Bryopsis plumosa vat. adriatica
(J. Agardh) Hauck (1885); Bryopsis hypnoides var. adriatica (J. Agardh) J.
Agardh (1887). Ardissone (1886) treated B. adriatica as conspecific with B.
cupressina [“B. cupressoides”|, but other authors (e. g., Furnari et al., 2003)
recognized it as distinct. Pignatti (1962) and Coppejans (1983) recognized
B. cupressoides var. adriatica J. Agardh, but B. cupressoides J. Agardh is an
illegitimate name.
9. Bryopsis densa Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57: 1. 1920. Type locality: Annobon Island,
Spanish Guinea, Gulf of Guinea, West Africa.
10. Bryopsis derbesioides V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 481, fig. 143, pl. 45. 1956.
Type locality: Motuarohia Bay, Bay of Islands, North Island, New Zealand.
Bryopsis fusca V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 486, fig. 149, I; pl. 46. 1956. Type
locality: Matauri Bay, Nelson, New Zealand, fide Adams (1994).
Bryopsis corticulans Setch. var. novaezelandiae V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot.
55: 486. 1956. Type locality: Takapuna, Auckland district, New Zealand, fide
Adams (1994).
244
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
11. Bryopsis dichotoma De Not., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(1): 321. 1844. Type locality: Genoa,
Ligurian Sea, northwestern Italy.
Bryopsis comoides De Not., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(1): 320. 1844. Type locality: Genoa,
Ligurian Sea, northwestern Italy, fide Ardissone (1886).
12. Bryopsis duplex De Not., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(1): 320. 1844. Type locality: Genoa,
Ligurian Sea, northwestern Italy.
Bryopsis balbisiana var. disticha J. Agardh, Alg. mar. med., p. 18. 1842. Syntype
localities: Livorno and Genoa, Italy; Marseilles, France; and Adriatic Sea,
fide Ardissone (1886) and Furnari et al. (2003). Bryopsis disticha (J. Agardh)
Kiitz. (1856). Bryopsis balbisiana [var. disticha] f. nuda J. Agardh, Alg. mar.
med., p. 19. 1842; Bryopsis balbisiana var. simpliuscula (J. Agardh) Zanardini
(1847); basionym: Bryopsis balbisiana [var. disticha] f. simpliuscula J. Agardh,
Alg. mar. med., p. 19. 1842; Bryopsis balbisiana var. prolifera (J. Agardh)
Zanardini (1847); basionym: Bryopsis balbisiana [var. disticha] £. prolifera J.
Agardh, Alg. mar. med., p. 19. 1842.
Bryopsts intricata Menegh., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(2): 247. 1845a. Syntype localities:
Capocesto (Croatia) and Spalati = Split, Adriatic Sea, fide Ardissone (1886)
and DeToni (1889).
Bryopsis caudata Kiitz., Tab. phycol. VI: 27, pl. 77, fig. IL. 1856. Type locality:
Lessina Island, Adriatic Sea. Bryopsis duplex var. caudata (Kiitz.) Ardiss.
(1886).
Bryopsis duplex var. derbesioides Schiffn., Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 113. 1935. Type
locality: Venice, Italy, Schiffner and Vatova (1938), fide Furnari et al.
(1999),
13. Bryopsis eckloniae Stegenga, Bolton & R. J. Anderson, Contr. Bolus Herb. 18: 128,
—"
—
—
an
pl. 29: 2. 1997. Type locality: Muizenberg, Cape Prov., South Africa.
- Bryopsis feldmannii Gallardo & G. Furnari in Gallardo et al., Bot. Mar. 36: 409.
1993, nomen novum for Bryopsis cupressoides Feldmann, Rev. Algol. 9:
224, figs. 23: I, 25A, 26A. 1937, non Bryopsis cupressoides J. Agardh (1842),
nomen superfluum. Type locality: Banyuls sur Mer, Pyrénées Orientales,
France. Icon.: Kiitzing (1856, pl. 79, fig. 1).
- Bryopsis foliosa Sond., Bot. Zeit. (Berlin) 3: 49. 1845. Type locality: western Aus-
tralia, probably near Fremantle, fide Womersley (1984). Icon.: Womersley
(1984, figs. 94E, 95A, B).
Bryopsis gracilis Sond., Bot. Zeit. 3: 49. 1845, fide Womersley (1956). Type local-
ity: western Australia.
- Bryopsis gemellipara J. Agardh, Acta Univ, Lund. 23(2): 25. 1887. Type locality:
Queenscliff, Victoria, Australia. Icon.: Womersley (1984, figs. 97C, 98A,B).
Bryopsis tetrasticha V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 483, fig. 145, pl. 45. 1956.
Type locality: Akaroa, Banks Peninsula, New Zealand, fide Adams (1994).
Bryopsis moorei V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 480, fig. 140, pl. 43. 1956. Type
locality: Ocean Beach, Cape Kidnappers, New Zealand, fide Adams (1994),
17. Bryopsis halliae W. R. Taylor, Phycologia 2: 26, fig. 1. 1962. Type locality: Key West,
Florida, U.S.A.
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 245
17ba. Bryopsis halliae var. halliae.
17b. Bryopsis halliae var. filicina (Collins & Herv.) W. R. Taylor Phycologia 2: 27.
1962. Bryopsis duchassaingii vat. filicina Collins & Herv., Alg. Bermuda, p.
61.1917. Type locality: near Flatts Bridge, Bermuda.
18. Bryopsis hypnoides J. V. Lamour., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1: 333. 1809.
Type locality: Mediterranean coast of France. Fide Lamouroux (1809b):
“prope Cette”: Séte, dept. Hérault, France. Icon.: Lamouroux (18096, pl. I, fig.
2a, b); Harvey 1846-1851, pl. 119); Kiitzing (1856, pl. 73, fig. I, as “Bryopsis
secunda,” fide Pignatti, 1962); Feldmann (1937, figs. 23: IV,27C; Burr & West
1970, figs. 1-43); Burrows (1991, fig. 57B). Bryopsis plumosa var. hypnoides
(J. V. Lamour.) Kiitz. (1849). Bryopsis plumosa var. arbuscula (C. Agardh)
J. Agardh (1842); basionym: Bryopsis arbuscula C. Agardh (1823), non Bry-
opsis arbuscula (DC.) J. V. Lamour. (1809).—Rull Lluch (2002) summarized
the debate on whether B. hypnoides and B. plumosa are conspecific, but he
pointed out that most recent workers continue to recognize this pair of spe-
cies as distinct.
Bryopsis monoica Berthold ex Funk, Pubbl. Staz. Zool. Napoli 7 (Suppl.): 332.
1927. Type locality: Capo Posillipo, near Naples, Italy, fide Gallardo et al.
(1993). Icon.: Feldmann (1937, figs. 23: VI, 29, 30).
Bryopsis hypnoides f. atlantica J. Agardh, Acta Univ. Lund. 23(2): 28. 1887. Type
locality: not stated.
Bryopsis hypnoides f. prolongata J. Agardh, Acta Univ. Lund. 23(2): 28. 1887
[based on Harvey (1846-1851), pl. 119, B. hypnoides}. Syntype localities:
England and Ireland.
19. Bryopsis indica A. Gepp & E. Gepp, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 7: 169, pl.
22, figs. 10, 11. 1908,Syntype localities: Chagos Archipelago; Coetivy Reef;
Mauritius; Sri Lanka.
19a. Bryopsis indica var. var. indica.
19b. Bryopsis indica var. triseriata E. Y. Dawson, Pacific Naturalist 4: 4, pl. 1, fig. 1,
pl. 3, fig. 5. 1963. Type locality: Punta Suarez, Hood Island, Galapagos Archi-
pelago, Ecuador.
19c. Bryopsis indica forma unilateralis Cribb, Univ. Queensland Pap. Dept. Bot.
3(3): 18, pl. 1, fig. 3. 1954. Type locality, Miami, southeast Queensland, Aus-
tralia.
20. Bryopsis lindaueri V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 480, fig. 141, pl. 43. 1956.
Type locality: Reef Point, North Auckland, North Island, New Zealand.—
This species was not included in Adams’s (1994) marine algal flora of New
Zealand.
21. Bryopsis lyngbyei Hornem., Fl. dan., vol. 9, fasc. 27, pl. 1603. 1818. Type locality:
Faeroes, North Atlantic. Icon.: Lyngbye (1819, pl. 19B). Bryopsis plumosa ft.
lyngbyei (Hornem.) J. Agardh (1887).—Although this taxon had earlier been
treated [e.g., by Agardh (1823), Areschoug (1850), and Ardissone (1886)] as
246 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
conspecific with B. plumosa, Kornmann and Sahling (1976) presented evi-
dence that it is distinct from B. phunosa. Subsequent authors (Asen 1980:
Stegenga et al. 1997b; Bartsch & Kuhlenkamp 2000) have accepted it as B.
lyngbyel.
22. Bryopsis macraildii Womersley, Mar. benthic fl. S. Aust., Pt. 1: 276, figs. 93C-E, 94C,
D. 1984. Type locality: King Head, Rottnest Island, Western Australia.
23. Bryopsis magellanica Hylm6, Wiss. Ergeb. Schwed. Siidpolar-Exped. 1901-1903,
4(6): 16, fig. 33. 1919. Type locality: Fuegia, South America.
24. Bryopsis manorensis Nizam., Pakistan J. Bot. 27: 24, figs. 13a-f, 21c. 1995. Type
locality: Manora, Pakistan.
25. Bryopsis maxima Okamura ex Segawa, Genshoku Nihon Kaiso Zukan, p. 14, pl.
7, fig. 63. 1956. Type locality: Japan.—In the protologue Okamura (1936)
referred to his novelty as “sp. nov. prov.” and thus the name was not validly
published (Article 34; Greuter et al. 2000). Segawa (1956) validated the name
with a brief description (in Japanese) and a figure.
26. Bryopsis minor Womersley, Pacific Sci. 9: 387, fig. 1. 1955. Type locality: American River
Inlet, Kangaroo [.,S. Australia. Icon.: Womersley (1984, figs. 93A, B, 94A, B).
27. Bryopsis muscosa J. V. Lamour., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1: 333. 1809. Type
locality: French Mediterranean coast. Icon.: Lamouroux (1809b, pl. 1, fig. 4a, b);
Kiitzing (1856, pl. 82, fig. 1); Funk (1927, fig. 17b); Hamel (1931, fig. 21: A).
Bryopsis pinastroides Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 28: 214.
1892, nomen nudum.
28. Bryopsis myosuroides Kiitz., Tab. phycol. VI: 27, pl. 77, fig. I. 1856. Type locality:
Port Natal = Durban, Natal Prov., South Africa.
Bryopsis setacea Hering, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 8: 91. 1841, non Bryopsis setacea
J. V. Lamour. (1822). Type locality: Port Natal = Durban, Natal Prov., South
Africa, fide Barton (1893).
Bryopsis flanaganii Barton, J. Bot. 33: 162, pl. 349, ‘flanagani’. 1895. Type locality
“British Kaffraria” [between Great Kei and Great Fish rivers, Cape Prov.],
South Africa, fide Silva et al. (1996).
29. Bryopsis nana M. J. Wynne, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 230. 2005. Type local-
ity: Western side of Wadi Zeid (=Hoon's Bay) (16.94497°N, 54.80402°B), east
of Mirbat, Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman.
30. Bryopsis pakistanica Nizam., Pakistan J. Bot. 27: 17, figs. 9a-f, 21b. 1995. Type
locality: Buleyi, Pakistan.
31. Bryopsis palliolatis Kraft & A. Millar in Kraft, Austral. Syst. Bot. 13: 625, fig. 40,
2000. Type locality: Old Gulch, north end of Lord Howe Island, Australia.
32. Bryopsis penicillum Menegh., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(2): 387. 1845. Type locality: Dal-
matia, Adriatic Sea. Icon.: Zanardini (1866, pl. 48, B); Funk (1927, fig. 17g).
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 247
33. Bryopsis pennata J. V. Lamour., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1: 333. 1809.
Type locality: Antilles, Caribbean Sea. Icon.: Lamouroux (1809b, pl. 3, fig. 1a, b);
Egerod (1952, fig. 7)—Ballesteros (1990) treated B. pennata as conspecific
with B. plumosa, but he treated B. secunda [=B. pennata var. secunda] as a
distinct species.
33a. Bryopsis pennata var. pennata. Bryopsis pennata var. major J. Agardh (1887);
Bryopsis plumosa var. pennata (J. V. Lamour.) Bgrgesen (1911).
Bryopsis galapagensis W. R. Taylor, Allan Hancock Pacific Exped. 12: 60, fig. 1; pl.
6, fig. 1. 1945. Type locality: Isla Wenman, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, fide
Bula-Meyer (1995).
33b. Bryopsis pennata var. leprieurii (Kiitz.) Collins & Herv., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 53:
2. 1917. Bryopsis leprieurii Kiitz., Sp. alg., p. 490. 1849. Type locality: Cayenne,
French Guiana. Bryopsis plumosa var. leprieurii (Kiitz.) Borgesen (1911).
33c. Bryopsis pennata var. minor J. Agardh, Acta Univ. Lund. 23(2): 23. 1887.
Bryopsis pennatula J. Agardh, Ofvers. Férh. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. 4: 6. 1847, homo-
typic synonym (see Silva et al. 1996). Type locality: San Agustin, Oaxaca,
Mexico.—Bryopsis pennulata in Kiitzing (1849) is an orthographic variant
of Bryopsis pennatula.
33d. Bryopsis pennata var. secunda (Harv.) Collins & Herv., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
53: 62. 1917. Bryopsis plumosa var. secunda Harv., Smithsonian Contr. Knowl.
10(2): 31, pl. XLV-A, figs. 1-3. 1858. Syntype localities: Key West and Sand
Key, Florida, U.S.A. Icon.: Taylor (1928, pl. 11, figs. 11, 12).
Bryopsis harveyana J. Agardh, Acta Univ. Lund. 23(2): 22. 1887. Syntype locali-
ties: Florida, U.S.A.; Tonga, South Pacific. Cf. Silva et al. (1996).
34. Bryopsis plumosa (Huds.) C. Agardh, Spec. alg. 1: 448. 1823. Ulva plumosa Huds.,
FI. angl., p. 571, 1778. Type locality: Exmouth, Devon, England. Icon.: Smith &
Sowerby (1812, pl. 2375); Harvey (1846-1851, pl. HI); Womersley (1984, figs.
96C, 97A); Burrows (1991, fig. 57A; pl. 8); Lee et al. (1991, figs. LA-E; 4A).
34a. Bryopsis plumosa var. plumosa.
Bryopsis arbuscula (DC.) J. V. Lamour., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1:
333. 1809, nomen superfluum. Lamouroux based the combination on Fucus
arbuscula DC. in Lamarck & de Candolle, Fl. frang. ed. 3, vol. 1: 35. 1805,
but also cited in synonymy the earlier name Ulva plumosa Huds. (1778).
Icon.: Lamouroux (1809b, pl. 1, fig. 1). Bryopsis plumosa f. arbuscula (DC.) J.
Agardh (1887). Bryopsis hypnoides var. arbuscula (DC.) Schiffner (1935).
Conferva tenax Roth, Cat. Bot. 3: 182. 1806, nomen superfluum, non Conferva
plumosa J. Ellis (1768); Roth should have based the combination on Fucus
arbuscula DC. in Lamouroux & A. P. de Candolle, 1805, the next available
basionym.
Bryopsis abietina Kiitz., Phycol. germ., p. 252. 1845. Type locality: Spalato = Split,
Adriatic Sea, fide Ardissone (1886) and Pignatti (1962). Icon.: Kiitzing (1856,
pl. 80, fig. I).
Bryopsis plumosa subsp. condensata Kjellm., Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad.
Hand. 23: 32. 1897. Type locality: Yenoshima, Japan, fide Yoshida et al. (1990).
248 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Bryopsis pinastroides var. arborescens Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat.
Cherbourg 28: 213. 1892, nomen nudum.
Bryopsis plumosa var. prolifera Schiffner, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 116. 1938, fide
Furnari et al. (1999).
Bryopsis plumosa var. ramellosa Schiffner, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 116. 1938, fide
Furnari et al. (1999).
Bryopsis plumosa var. robusta Schiftner, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 114. 1938. Type
locality: Venice, Italy, fide Furnari et al. (1999).—Schiffner’s B. plumosa var.
robusta includes old reports of “Bryopsis rosae” from the Mediterranean.
Bryopsis canterburyensis V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 481, fig. 142; pl. 44.
1956. Type locality: Lyttleton, eastern South Island, New Zealand, fide
Adams (1994),
Bryopsis olivacea V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 482, fig. 144; pl. 45. 1956. Type
locality: Akaroa, eastern South Island, New Zealand, fide Adams (1994).
Bryopsis pseudopennata V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 485, fig. 148, I; pl. 46.
1956. Type locality: Worser Bay, Wellington, North Island, New Zealand, fide
Adams (1994).
Bryopsis pseudoplumosa V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 484, fig. 148, II: pl. 45.
1956, non Bryopsis pseudoplumosa Ardissone (1864). Type locality: Taylor’s
Mistake, Banks Peninsula, South Island, New Zealand, fide Adams (1994).
Bryopsis plumosa [var. p/umosa] f. elongata Koster, Blumea 4: 234, fig. 2: 16. 1941.
Type locality: Naples, Italy—This forma was not listed by Gallardo et al.
(1993) in their check-list of Mediterranean Chlorophyceae.
Bryopsis plumosa [var. p/iwmosa] f. gracilis Koster, Blumea 4: 244, fig. 2: 13-15.
1941. Type locality: Naples, Italy—This forma was not listed by Gallardo et
al. (1993) in their check-list of Mediterranean Chlorophyceae.
34b. Bryopsis plumosa var. densa Harv., Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 10(2): 31. 1858.
Syntype localities: Key West and Sand Key, Florida, USA.
35. Bryopsis pottsii Setch., Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 341: 175, pl. 20, fig. A. 1924. Type
ocality: Pago Pago harbor, Tutuila Island, Samoa, South Pacific.
36. Bryopsis qasimensis Nizam., Pakistan J. Bot. 27: 29, figs. 17a, b, 22. 1995. Type
locality: Qasim, Pakistan.
37. Bryopsis ramulosa Mont., Hist. fis. Cuba, Bot. (R. de la Sagra) 8: 16, pl. IH, fig.
2. 1842. Type locality: In portu Havanensi Insulae Cubae = Havana, Cuba.
Kiitzing (1856, pl. 72, fig. I). Bryopsis plumosa var. ramulosa (Mont.) Harv.
(1858). Icon.: Harvey (1858, pl. 45 A, figs. 4-6).
38. Bryopsis rhizoidea V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 477, fig. 137; pl. 41. 1956. Type
locality: Scott’s Point, 90 Mile Beach, New Zealand.—This species was not
included in Adams’s (1994) marine algal flora of New Zealand.
39. Bryopsis rhizophora M. Howe, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 15: 38, pl. 6, fig. a; pl. 7.
1914. Type locality: Pescadores Islands, region of Ancon, Peru. Icon.: Icon.:
Borasco de Zaixso (2000, fig. 1-22); Wysor (2004, figs. 8-10).
Bryopsis peruviana W. R. Taylor, Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 31: 63, pl. II. fig. 1. 1947.
‘Type locality: Paita, Peru, fide Dawson et al. (1964).
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 249
40. Bryopsis robusta M. J. Wynne, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 233. 2005. Type
locality: Raaha (=Alto) Bay (16.95116°N, 54. 81650°E), E of Mirbat, Dhofar,
Sultanate of Oman.
41. Bryopsis rosae [‘rosa’| C. Agardh, Spec. alg. p. 450. 1823. Type locality: Falkland Islands.
Icon.: Bory (1826, pl. 24, fig. 1); Kiitzing (1856, pl. 84, fig. II); Ducker (1979, fig.
11).—Although Nizamuddin (1995) treated B. rosae as conspecific with B. plu-
mosa, Ramirez and Santelices (1991) recognized this species as distinct.
42. Bryopsis ryukyuensis Yamada, J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ., Ser. 5, Bot., 3:59,
figs. 27-29. 1934. Type locality: Itoman, Ryukyus, Japan.
43. Bryopsis salvadoreana E. Y. Dawson, Pacific Naturalist 2: 405, pl. 5, fig. 2; pl. 6.
1961. Type locality: Secate reef, off Punta Chiriquin, Golfo de Fonseca, El
Salvador, Central America. Icon.: Wysor (2004, figs. 11-12).
44. Bryopsis secunda J. Agardh, Linnaea 15: 454. 1841. Type locality: “In mari mediter-
raneo ad Massiliam” = Marseilles, France. This is heterotypic with Bryopsis
pennata J. V. Lamour. var. secunda (Harv.) Collins & Herv. (1917). Cf. Silva et
al. (1996).—Kiitzing’s (1856) pl. 73, fig. I“Bryopsis secunda” is B. hypnoides,
fide Pignatti (1962).
45. Bryopsis spinescens Zeller, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjgben-
havn 1875, ser. 3, 7: 429. 1876. Type locality: vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
46. Bryopsis stenoptera Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 295, figs. 1, 2. 1912. Type locality:
Elabi, Cameroun, West Africa. Icon.: Lawson & John (1982, pl. 8, figs. 6, 7).
47. Bryopsis stolonifera W. J. Lee, S. M. Boo & I. K. Lee, Korean J. Phyc. 6: 26, figs.
3A-F, 4C-E. 1991. Type locality: Summok, Ullungdo Island, Korea.
48. Bryopsis triploramosa Kobara & Chihara, J. Jap. Bot. 70: 182, figs. 1-21. 1995. Type
locality: Kyan, Itoman-shi, Okinawa Pref., Okinawa Island, southern Japan.
49. Bryopsis vestita J. Agardh, Acta Univ. Lund. 14(4): 3. 1877. Syntype localities: New
Zealand and Chatham Islands. Lectotype locality: Warrington, Otago, New
Zealand, fide Womersley (1984). Icon.: Womersley (1984, figs. 95C, 96A, B);
Adams (1994, pl. 9).—Adams (1994) stated that Chapman’s (1956) B. ota-
gensis, B. scarfei, and B. pseudocorymbosa “may be atypical B. vestita from
turbid pools or muddy shallows,” and she thus did not recognize them as
separate species. Chapman’s (1956) Bryopsis vestita f. chathamensis was not
recognized as distinct from the nominate forma by Nelson et al. (1991).
Bryopsis vestita f. brevis V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 476. 1956. Type locality:
New Plymouth, Greymouth, Auckland Islands.
Bryopsis vestita f. densa V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 476, fig. 134. 1956. Type
locality: Lyttelton, Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand.
Bryopsis vestita f. laxa V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 476, pl. 39. 1956. Type
locality: not stated.
Bryopsis vestita f. virgata V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 476. 1956. Type local-
ity: Lyttelton, Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand.
250 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
APPENDIX 2
Bryopsis: DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED NAMES
Bryopsis alterna Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 28: 213. 1892,
nomen nudum.
Bryopsis ambigua (Okamura) Okamura (1902) = Caulerpella ambigua (Okamura)
Prudhomme & Lokhorst (1992).
Bryopsis apiocarpa Menegh., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(2): 385. 1845. Type locality: Dalmatia,
coast of Adriatic Sea.—According to Pignatti (1962) the name applies to a
species of Derbesia.
Bryopsis arbuscula C. Agardh, Spec. alg. 1: 451. 1823, non Bryopsis arbuscula (DC.)
Lamouroux (1809); Agardh excluded the type of Fucus arbuscula DC. (and
thus also the type of Ulva plumosa) (Art. 48. 1). Bryopsis plumosa var. arbus-
cula (C. Agardh) J. Agardh (1842).
Bryopsis arbuscula (DC.) J. V. Lamour., Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1: 333.
1809, nomen superfluum. Lamouroux based the combination on Fucus
arbuscula DC. in Lamarck & de Candolle, FI. frang. ed. 3, vol. 1:35. 1805, but
also cited the earlier name Ulva plumosa Huds. (1778). Icon.: Lamouroux
(1809b, pl. 1, fig. 1).
Bryopsis baculifera J. Agardh, Acta Univ. Lund. 23(2):21. 1887. Type locality: Port Phillip,
Victoria, Australia. = Chlorodesmis baculifera (J. Agardh) Ducker (1966).
Bryopsis balbisiana J. V. Lamour. ex C. Agardh, Spec. alg. 1: 449. 1823. Type locality:
French Mediterranean. Icon.: Lamouroux (1813, pl. 13, fig. 2).—The applica-
tion of this name is in doubt. Upon examining Lamouroux’s original material
in PC, Hamel (1931) considered it to belong to Derbesia and proposed D.
balbisiana (J. V. Lamour.) Hamel. Feldmann (1937), however, came up with a
different conclusion after he examined original specimens deposited in Caen.
Feldmann found two different genera in the envelope. The material was in
part Derbesia, and in part identifiable as Bryopsis duplex, the latter bearing
the name “Bryopsis balbisiensis” in Lamouroux’s handwriting. Feldmann
attributed the latter specimen to Bryopsis; however, this specimen differs
from Lamouroux’s illustration. Feldmann’s concept has been attributed to
Bryopsis duplex. No authentic specimens of Bryopsis balbisiana now exist,
and so Lamouroux’s illustration (1813, pl. 13, fig. 2) must be regarded as the
type (iconotype). It cannot be resolved whether the drawing represents a
species of Brvopsis or of Derbesia.
Bryopsis balbisiana var. divaricata Zanardini (1847), nomen nudum.
Bryopsis balbisiana var. interrupta Kiitz., Phycol. germ., p. 251. 1845. Type locality:
Adriatic Sea. = Pedobesia simplex (Kiitz.) M. J. Wynne & Leliaert (2001).
Bryopsis balbisiana var. lamourouxti J. Agardh, Alg. mar. medit., p. 18. 1842. Syn-
type localities: Livorno, Italy, and Villefranche, France. = Pedobesia simplex
(Kiitz.) M. J. Wynne & Leliaert (2001).
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS Dail
Bryopsis clavaeformis J. Agardh, Acta Univ. Lund. 23(2): 20. 1887. Type locality: West-
ern Port, Victoria, Australia. = Pedobesia clavaeformis (J. Agardh) MacRaild
& Womersley (1974).
Bryopsis confervoides Decne., Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 2: 126. 1841, nomen super-
fluum; based on Conferva prolifera Roth (1797).
Bryopsis confervoides Zanardini, Sagg. classif. Ficee, p. 60. 1843, non Bryopsis con-
fervoides Decne. (1841).
Bryopsis constricta Zanardini, Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sc. 14: 213, pl. 72A. 1868. Type
locality: Dalmatia coast, Adriatic Sea. Icon.: Zanardini (1868, pl. 72A). Zanar-
dini cited the name in his publication of 1843 as a nomen nudum.—This
name was regarded by De Toni (1889) to apply either to Derbesia lamour-
ouxii (J. Agardh) Solier [=Pedobesia simplex (Kiitz.) M. J. Wynne & Leliaert]
or Espera mediterranea [=Penicillus capitatus f. mediterraneus (Decane.) P.
Huvé & H. Huvé (1963)]. Ardissone (1886) included the name with a ques-
tion mark in his synonymy of Derbesia lamorouxii.
Bryopsis cupressoides J. Agardh, Alg. mar. medit., p. 20. 1842, a superfluous name for
Bryopsis cupressina J. V. Lamour. (1809).
Bryopsis cupressoides Feldmann, Rev. algol. 9: 224. 1937, non Bryopsis cupressoides
J. Agardh (1842).
Bryopsis dalmatica Kiitz., Tab. Phycol. VI: 26, pls. 74, fig. I, as “Bryopsis adriatica,” 1856.
Type locality: Adriatic Sea. Bryopsis duplex var. dalmatica (Kitz.) Schiffner
(1935) = Pedobesia simplex (Kiitz.) M. J. Wynne & Leliaert (2001).
Bryopsis dasyphylla Zanardini, Atti Ist. Veneto Sci., Lett. Arti 6: 244. 1847. Type local-
ity: Gulf of Venice, Adriatic Sea. “Taxon inquirendum,” fide Gallado et al.
(1993) and Furnari et al. (1999).
Bryopsis duchassaingii J. Agardh, Ofvers. Férh. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. 11: 107. 1854. =
Trichosolen duchassaingii (J. Agardh) W. R. Taylor (1962b).
Bryopsis duplex f. luxurians Schiffner & Vatova (1938), nomen nudum.
Bryopsis duplex var. pseudo-derbesia Schiffner, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 113. 1935. Type
locality: Venice, Italy; listed as Bryopsis duplex var. pseudoderbesia Schittner
in Schiffner and Vatova (1938). “Taxon inquirendum,” fide Furnari et al.
(1999
Bryopsis flagellata Kiitz., Tab. Phycol. VI: 28, pl. 80, fig. H. 1856. Type locality: Venice,
Italy. Bryopsis hypnoides var. flagellata (Kiitz.) Schiffner in Schiffner &
Vatova (1938). “Taxon inquirendum,” fide Furnari et al. (1999).
Bryopsis furcellata Zanardini, Sagg. classif. Ficee, p. 60. 1843. Type locality: Adriatic
Sea. Icon.: Kiitzing (1856, pl. 71, fig. I); Zanardini (1863, pl. XVIII-A). =
Pseudochlorodesmis furcellata (Zanardini) Bgrgesen (1925).
252 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Bryopsis gasparrinii Menegh., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(1): 303. 1844. Type locality: Palermo,
Sicily, Italy. = Bryopsis myura, fide Ardissone (1886) = Pseudobryopsis myura
(J. Agardh) Berthold. —Pignatti (1962) treated B. gasparrinii as conspecific
with B. muscosa.
Bryopsis halymeniae Berthold ex Funk, Pubbl. Staz. Zool. Napoli 7 (Suppl.): 330,
fig. 17f. 1927. Syntype localities: 7-12 m, depth at Sa. Lucia and Secca di San
Giovanni, near Naples, Italy. Icon.: Funk (1955, Pl. II, 1-3). = Bryopsidella
neglecta (Berthold) Rietema (1970).—Berthold (1882) listed “Bryopsis haly-
meniae” as a nomen nudum (De Toni 1889), as did Oltmanns (1904).
Bryopsis hypnoides var. lagunarum Schiffner in Schiffner & Vatova, La Laguna di
Venezia. Monografia 3: 189. 1938. Type locality: Venice, Italy. “Taxon inqui-
rendum,” fide Furnari et al. (1999).
Bryopsis hypnoides [|var. lagunarum| f. subnuda Schiffner in Schiffner & Vatova, La
Laguna di Venezia. Monografia 3: 190. 1938. Type locality: Adriatic shore of
Italy. “Taxon inquirendum,” fide Furnari et al. (1999),
Bryopsis implexa De Not., Prosp. FI. ligust., p. 73. 1846. Type locality: Genoa, Ligurian
Sea, Italy. “Taxon inquirendum,” fide Pignatti (1962), Gallardo et al. (1993),
and Furnari et al. (2003).
Bryopsis incompta Menegh. ex Zanardini, Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sc. 12: 407, pl.
XXI-A (XLVIII-A). 1865. Syntype localities: Zara = Zadar; Sebenico = Sibe-
nik; Lesina = Hvaris, all in the Adriatic Sea. = Pedobesia simplex (Kiitz.) M. J.
Wynne & Leliaert, fide Wynne and Leliaert (2001)
Bryopsis incurva Menegh. ex Frauenfeld, Alg. dalmat. Kiiste, p. 22. 1855. Type locality:
Capocesto (Croatia) —This name first appeared in Frauenfeld (1854) as a
nomen nudum. “Taxon inquirendum.”
Bryopsis intricata Derbes & Solier, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 1
(Suppl.): 41, pl. XI, figs. 6-9. 1856, non Bryopsis intricata Menegh. (1845)
[=B. duplex De Not.]. Type locality: not stated. Bryopsis duplex var. intricata
Ardiss. (1886).
Bryopsis ligustica Ardiss., Comment. Soc. Crittog. 1: 407. 1864. Type locality: Portofino,
Italy. = Pedobesia simplex, fide DeToni (1889).
Bryopsis lubrica Cribb; cited in Algae-base (Guiry & Nic Dhinncha 2003) with a
reference to Phillips (1997), nomen nudum.
Bryopsis myura J. Agardh, Alg. mar. medit., p. 20. 1842. Syntype localities: Amalfi,
Italy; Livorno, Italy; Nice, France. Icon.: Kiitzing (1856, pl. 82, fig. ID); Zanar-
dini (1863, pl. XVUI-B). = Pseudobryopsis myura (J. Agardh) Berthold in
Oltmanns (1904)—Henne and Schnetter (1999) disagreed with Taylor’s
(1962b) earlier merger of Pseudobryopsis and Trichosolen, which placed
Bryopsis myura in Trichosolen, as T. myura (J. Agardh) W. R. Taylor. Henne
and Schnetter (1999) offered evidence to maintain two separate genera.
2005 WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 253
Bryopsis pachynema G. Martens, Preuss. Exped. Ost.-As., Tange, p. 24, pl. IV, fig. 2.
1868. = Valoniopsis pachynema (G. Martens) Bérgesen (1934).
Bryopsis panizzei De Not., Prosp. Fl. ligust., p. 73. 1846. Type locality: San Remo,
Italy. = Bryopsis myura J. Agardh, fide Ardissone (1886) and DeToni (1889).
= Pseudobryopsis myura (J. Agardh) Berthold in Oltmanns (1904).
Bryopsis petteri Menegh., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(2): 246. 1845. Type locality: “ad rupes
profunde submerses. Spalati” = Split, Croatia, Adriatic Sea. = Bryopsis myura,
fide Zanardini (1863) and Ardissone (1886) = Pseudobryopsis myura (J.
Agardh) Berthold.
Bryopsis pinastroides Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 28: 214.
1892, nomen nudum.
Bryopsis pinastroides var. arborescens Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cher-
bourg 28: 213. 1892, nomen nudum.
Bryopsis plumosa f. subsimplex Holmes & Batters, Ann. Bot. (London) 5: 76. 1890,
nomen nudum.
Bryopsis plumosa [var.] nuda Holmes in Batters, J. Bot. 40 (Suppl.): 21. 1902, nomen
nudum.
Bryopsis plumosa var. simpliuscula Zanardini, Atti Ist. Veneto Sci,, Lett. Arti 6: 244.
1847, nomen nudum.
Bryopsis plumosa [var.]| subsimplex Holmes & Batters in Batters, J. Bot. 40 (Suppl.):
21. 1902, nomen nudum.
Bryopsis pseudoplumosa V. J. Chapm., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 55: 484, fig. 148 IT; pl. 45. 1956,
non Bryopsis pseudoplumosa Ardiss. (1864). Type locality: Taylor’s Mistake,
Banks Peninsula, South Island, New Zealand.
Bryopsis pulvinata Oltm. (1904), nomen nudum.—The taxon to which Oltmanns
referred was later described as Bryopsis monoica Berthold in Funk (1927).
= Bryopsis hypnoides J. V. Lamour, fide Gallardo et al. (1993).
Bryopsis pumila Zanardini, Atti Ist. Veneto Sci,, Lett. Arti 6: 245. 1847. Type locality:
enice, Adriatic Sea. “Taxon inquirendum.”
Bryopsis pusilla Levring, Acta Univ. Lund., N. F.,, 34(9): 11, figs. 6A—D; pl. I, fig. 8.
938. Type locality: Port Elizabeth, Cape Prov., South Africa—This name was
listed by Silva et al. (1996); however, Seagrief (1984) reported that Papenfuss
indicated in a personal communication dated 1970 that this entity is merely
a juvenile form of Codium, and thus the name “should disappear from the
literature.”
Bryopsis ramosa Schousb. in Bornet, Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 28: 213. 1892,
nomen nudum.
254 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Bryopsis saburralis De Not., Prosp. Fl. ligust., p. 73. 1846. Lectotype locality: Genoa,
Italy; and “Nizza” = Nice, France. = Poropsis saburralis (De Not.) Kiitz.
(1856). See Nizamuddin et al. (1994).
Bryopsis seminuda Menegh., Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1(2): 253. 1845. Type locality: Capo
Cesto, Croatia, Adriatic Sea. “Taxon inquirendum,” fide Gallardo et al.
(1993).
Bryopsis setacea J. V. Lamour., in Dumont D’Urville, Enum. pl. Ponti-Eux., p. 130.
22. Type locality: Constantinople = Istanbul, Turkey. “Taxon inquirendum,”
fide Silva et al. (1996).
Bryopsis simplex Menegh. ex Kiitz., Phycol. general., 306. 1843. Syntype localities:
Genoa, Italy, and Nice, France; lectotype locality: Genoa, Italy, fide Wynne
& Leliaert (2001). = Pedobesia simplex (Menegh. ex Kiitz.) M. J. Wynne &
Leliaert (2001).—Four varieties of B. simplex recognized by Meneghini
(1845a) were not given formal status within Pedobesia simplex by Wynne
and Leliaert (2001): B. simplex var. nuda Menegh.; B. simplex var. plumata
Menegh.:; B. simplex var. prolifera Menegh.; and B. simplex var. fasciculata
(Mont.) Menegh. Wynne and Leliaert (2002) also did not recognize within P.
simplex the following variety: B. simplex var. versatilis De Not. in De Notaris
and Baglietto (1869).
Bryopsis tenuissima Moris & De Not., Mem. Acad. Roy. Sci. Turin, ser. 2, 2 (Cl. Sc.
Fis. e mat.): 259, pl. VI, fig. III. 1839. Type locality: Cabrera, Balearic Islands,
Spain. = Derbesia tenuissima (Moris & De Not.) P. Crouan & H. Crouan
(1867).
Bryopsis thuyoides Kiitz., Tab. phycol. VI: 28, pl. 78, Fig. 1. 1856, non Bryopsis thuyoides
Menegh. (1845). [=B. cupressina J. V. Lamour.]. Type locality: Napoli, Italy—
Pignatti (1962) treated B. thuyoides Kiitz. as conspecific with B. plumosa.
2005
WYNNE: BRYOPSIS 2a9)
INDEX TO NAMES LISTED IN APPENDIX | AND 2
[Accepted names are in roman type; synonyms and excluded names are in italics. ]
Bryopsidella
neglecta 252
ele
abietina 247
ee 243,251
africana 242
aishae 242
alterna 242,250
ambigua 250
apiocarpa 250
arbuscula C. Agardh 245, 250
arbuscula (DC.) J. V. Lamour. 242, 245, 247, 250
australis 2
baculifera 250
balbisiana 250
var. cupressina 243
var. disticha 244
f. nuda 244
f. simpliuscula 244
f. prolifera 244
var. divaricata 250
var. interrupta 250
r. lamourouxii 250
var. prolifera 244
var. sumpliuscula 244
canterburyensis 248
caudata 2
espitosa 242
Le a 251
comoides 244
composita 242
Eon npoiies Decne. 251
confervoides ee 251
constricta 251
corticulans 242
corticulans
var. novaezelandiae 243
corymbosa 242
cupressina 243, 251,254
var. adriatica 243
var. cupressina 243
ihe lee J. Seth 243, 244, 251
r. ?adri 3
SR Fitna 244, 251
dalmatica 251
dasyphylla 251
ensa 24°
derbesioides 243
dichotoma 244
disticha 244
duchassaingii 251
ilicina
duplex 244, 250, 252
var. caudata 244
var. dalmatica 250
var. derbesioides 244
var. intricata 252
var. pseudo-derbesia 251
1
f. duxurians 25
Bryopsis
eckloniae 244
flagellata 243,251
flanaganii 246
foliosa 244
furcellata 251
fusca
galapagensis 247
var. filicina 245
tidied 7
harvey
hypo a 249, 253
ar. adriatica 243
var. ae 247
var. flagellata 251
var. lagunarum 252
f. subnuda 252
ar. elegans 242
Piet: 252
incurva 252
indica 242, 245
var. indica 245
var. triseriata 245
f. unilateralis 245
intricata Derbés & Solier 252
intricata Menegh. 244, 252
leprieurii 247
panizzei 253
256 CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME 24
Bryopsis
palliolatis 246
penicillata 243
penicillum 246
pennata 247
var. leprieuri 247
var. major 247
cas 4
var. pennata 247
var. sone 247, 249
pennatula 247
pennulata 247
oe 8
pette
Pn 243, 246, 253
r. arborescens 248, 253
ae 245, 246, 247, 249, 254
subsp. ie nsata 247
var. adriatica 243
var. pes 245, 250
var. densa 248
var. hypnoides 245
var. leprieurii 247
[var.] nuda 253
var. pennata 247
var. prolifera 2
var. ramellosa 248
var. ramulosa 248
var. simpliuscula 253
[var.] subsimplex 253
f. arbuscula 247
f. corticulans 242
f. lyngbyei 245
f. penicillata 243
f. subsimplex 253
pottsii 248
pseudocorymbosa 249
pseudopennata 247
pseudoplumosa Ardiss. 243, 248, 253
pseudoplumosa V. J. Chapm. 248, 253
pulvinata 252
ali 242,253
qasimensis 248
thi zoidea
Sram 249
scarfet 246
secunda wn 247,249
seminuda 254
Bryopsis
setacea 246, 254
sicula 24
simplex 254
var. fasciculata 254
var. nuda 254
var. plumata 254
var. prolifera 254
var. versatilis 254
spinescens
stenoptera 249
stolonifera 249
tenuts 242
tenuissima 254
tetrasaticha 244
thuyoides Kiitz. 254
thuyoides Menesh 243, 254
triploramosa 249
vestita an
f. brevis 249
f. chathamensis 249
f. densa 249
f. laxa 249
f. virgata 249
prolifera 251
plumosa 247
tenax 247
rbesia 250
balbisiana 250
lamourouxti 251
tenuissima 254
Espera
mediterranea 251
Fucus
arbuscula 247, 250
esla
clavaeformis 250
fel 250, 251, 252, 254
Penicillus
capitat
f. aed 251
Poropsis
saburralis 254
Pseudobryopsis 252
Pseudochlorodesmis
furcellata me
Trichosolen
nse 251
lv
phnosa 247, 250
Valoniopsi
a ae 253
a _ to. ae
oa Soe
a ae
7 a =
= 7)
am : a _ ‘? a
= =
aes “7, oe aeaeee 2
: — Oo
‘ ~~ 7 :
=- "4
a => 7
>= , 2 > OO ‘ . > -
at a ee
7 7 st
7 ? - 7
:
on as rae
. ro et: a
1 we ee
.
i
-
7
a). mre
phe,
a)
:
:
a
Se a CO
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11