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Keil & Delitzsch <y> ^^ ..s^.lj a£L^£ a*j j* siSllj j.v^.nVI a£L^ 5^.1 j^. IjjScI 
Commentary On the Old testament (comments on chapter 7.) 

78 



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"During this vision in the night, I saw what looked like a human 
being. He was approaching me, surrounded by clouds, and he went 
to the one who had been living forever ad was presented to him. He 
was given authority, honor, and royal power, so that the people of 
all nations, races, and languages would serve him. His authority 
would last for ever, and his kingdom would never end." 

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(6) " The Church tolerated the cult of the emperor under many forms. It was 
permitted to speak of the divinity of the emperor, of the sacred palace, 
the sacred chamber and of the altar of the emperor, without being 
considered on this account an idolater. From this point of view 
Constantine's religious change was relatively trifling; it consisted of little 
more than the renunciation of a formality. For what his predecessors had 
aimed to attain by the use of all their authority and at the cost of 
incessant bloodshed, was in truth only the recognition of their own 
divinity; Constantine gained this end, though he renounced the offering 
of sacrifices to himself. Some bishops, blinded by the splendour of the 
court, even went so far as to laud the emperor as an angel of God , as a 
sacred being, and to prophesy that he would, like the Son of God , reign 
in heaven. It has consequently been asserted that Constantine favoured 
Christianity merely from political motives, and he has been regarded as 



an enlightened despot who made use of religion only to advance his 
policy." From: New advent web page. 

^jj Li^j lis wil 2048 (jl^ ^%J /* ^ <" Ijt <^1 Lfcl^ ^^ c ' (J' tJfcLr^r' O^ iQ.)*"^ 

(8) The Dark Side of Christian History, by Helen Ellerbe,1995, pages 20 - 
21. 

" Constantine, who treated religious questions solely from a political 
point of view, assured unanimity by banishing all the bishops who would 
not sign the new profession of faith. In this way unity was achieved. It 
was altogether unheard-of that a universal creed should be instituted 
solely on the authority of the emperor, who as a catechumen was not 
even admitted to the mystery of the Eucharist and was totally 
unempowered to rule on the highest mysteries of the faith. Not a single 
bishop said a single word against this monstrous thing. 
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(11) The Timetable of History, 3 rd edition, p. 59 



(12) The Dead Sea Scrolls, by Michael Wise, Martin Abegg, J R. & 
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whose fruit has dropped down around it. They (the fallen fruit) put forth 
leaves, and after they have sprouted, they caused their womb to dry up. So it 
is also with the fruit which had grown from this single root; when it had been 
picked (?), fruit was borne by many (?). It (the root) was certainly good. 
(And) if it were possible for you to produce the new plants now. (you) (sg.) 
would find it." From: The Nag Hammadi Library, 1988 ed., p. 33, by James 
M. Robinson. 



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" For the Kingdom of Heaven is like an ear of grain, after it had sprouted in a 
field and when it had ripened, it scattered its fruit and again filled the field 
with ears for another year"p. 35 , above source. 

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" Jesus said, ' The Kingdom is like a man who had a (hidden) treasure in his 
field without knowing it. And after he died, he left it to his son. The son (did) 
not know(about the treasure). He inherited the field and sold it. And the one 
who bought it went blowing and found the treasure. He began to lend money 
at interest to whomever. Jesus said, ' Whoever finds the world and becomes 
rich, let him renounce the world' 
The Nag Hammadi Library, 1988 ed., p. 137, by James M. Robinson. 

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" .. Therefore consider the word and understand the vision: 



' Seventy weeks of years are decreed concerning your people and your 
holy city, to finish the transgress-ion, to put an end to sin, and to atone 
for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness , seal both vision and 
prophet, and to anoint to a most holy place . Know therefore and 
understand that from the going forth of the word to restore and build 
Jerusalem to the coming of an anointed one, a prince, there shall be 
seven weeks. Then for sixty-two weeks it shall be built again with 
squares and moat, but in a troubled time. And after the sixty-two weeks 
an anointed one shall be cut off, and shall have nothing; and the people 
of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. 
Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war; 
desolations are decreed. And he shall make a strong covenant with 
many for one week; and for half of the week he shall cause sacrifice 
and offering to cease; and upon the wing of abominations shall come 
one who makes desolate, until the decreed end is poured out on the 
desolator". 

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: JjL (i±a. (10) Robert Van Kampen j±yA* "^jjjj 

The sequence of events revealed in Daniel 9:24-27, then, 

provides a step by step outline of God's prophetic timetable. As we 



have already seen, the prophecy concerning the decree to "restore and 
rebuild Jerusalem" was fulfilled in 445 BC, and the prophecy 
concerning the coming of "Messiah the prince" on Palm Sunday was 
fulfilled 483 years later, just as prophesied. The other events predicted 
by Gabriel, which were to occur before the final seventieth week 
would begin in the last days, have been fulfilled with equal precision. 
Thus the prophecy that the Messiah would be "cut off was fulfilled in 
Israel's rejection of their Messiah and their participation in His 
crucifixion and death; and the prophecy concerning the destruction of 
Jerusalem and the sanctuary was fulfilled in 70 AD by Titus, "the 
prince who is to come" as was predicted by Christ Himself (see Luke 
19:41-44; cf 21: 12-24). 

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( 1 ) Amazing Prophecies of the bible by Timothy J. Dailey , David M. 

Howard 

( 2 ) Dead Sea Scrolls, Michael pp.441 

( 3 ) Prophecy by Dewey M. Beegle pp. 1 15 

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(9) Jerusalem\by Karen Armstrong. 

(10) Robert Van Kampen, The Sign, ed.1992, pp.87- 88. 

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(14) John Collins, in Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, p. 6. 

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... An oppression will come to the earth ... a great massacre in the provinces ... the 
king of Assyria [and E]gypt ... he will be great on earth . . . will make and all will 
serve ... he will be called ( or: call himself ) [gran]d . . . and by his name he will be 
designated (or: designate himself ). II The son of God he will be proclaimed (or: 
proclaim himself ) and the son of the Most High they will call him. Like the sparks 
of the vision, so will be their kingdom. They will reign for years on the earth and 
the> will trample all. People will trample people (cf. Dan. vii, 23) and one province 
another province vacat until the people of God will arise and all will rest from the 
sword. Their (the people of God's) kingdom will be an eternal kingdom (cf. Dan. ii, 
27) and all their path will be in truth. They will jud[ge] the earth in truth and all will 
make peace. The sword will cease from the earth, and all the provinces will pay 
homage to them. The Great God (cf. Dan. ii, 45) is their helper. He will wage war 
for them. He will give peoples into their hands and all of them (the peoples) He will 
cast before them (the people of God). Their dominion will be an eternal dominion 
(Dan. vii, 14) and all the boundaries of . . . 



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a^L James the brother of Jesus i^tS J Robert Eisenman jUlJ ^-lhjj jSJ (10) 
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'Hyam Maccoby ^j 21 ^ f^> (1 1) 
The Myth maker : Paul and the invention of Chrestiianity 1987: page 181. 

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(14) Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh & Henry Lincoln, in Messianic Legacy 1986 : 
pagesl35- 138. 

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.(jljill ) j^Vl M Uas. (118 - 115) ijflJI Sjj*. 
: Ljt& J Hyam Maccoby ^j^U ? U Jlii (16) 

The Myth maker : Paul and the invention of Chrestiianity 1987: page 181 

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(18) Pastor George Southwick, A Few Notes on the Anti-Paul Doctrine, vol. IV No. 3 
July- September 2002. 

(19) A "Bible Revelations" Presentation, Aug. 9, 2006 

(20) The Dead sea scrolls and the first Christians, by Robert Eisenman, 1996, 
p.107 

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(22) Karen Armstrong, Jerusalem, 1996, p. 152. 

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(24) Josephus, Great Jewish Revolt: Siege And Destruction Of Jerusalem ( 70 AD). 

(25) Robert Eisenman, James the Brother of Jesus. 

177 



(26) Christopher Knight & Robert Lomas, The Hiram Key , 1997, p. 324- 325 

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(28) Robert Eisenman, James the Brother of Jesus, 1966 ed, pp. 255. 

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178 



The Dead Sea Scrolls Ttranslated by Florentino Gracia, 2 nd c*SSJsS ^lj -.^jj\ ^ J^ 

.^JU^Jl -A^Jl Aji^aaJi ^ajjj ^UJl J^aiil tSllJS £».ljj ' ed. P33.. 









" Then after that enoch happened to be recounting from the books. And 
enoch said, "concerning the children of righteousness, concerning the 
elect ones of the world, and concerning the plant of truth, I will speak 
these things, my children, verily I, Enoch, myself, and let you know 
(about it) according to that which was revealed to me from the 
heavenly vision, that wich I have learned from the words of the holy 
angels, and understood from the heavenly tablets." He then began to 
recount from the books and said, "I was born the seventh during the 
first week, during wich time judgment and righteousness continued to 
endure. After me there shall arise in the second week great and evil 
things; deceit should grow, and therein the first consummation will 
take place. But therein (also) a (certain) man shall be saved. After it is 
ended, injustice shall become greater, and he shall make a law for the 
sinners. 

"Then after that at the completion of the third week a(certain) man 
shall be elected as the plant of the righteous judgment , and after him 
one (other) shall emerge as the eternal plant of righteousness. 
After that at the completion of the fourth week visions of the old and 
righteous ones shall be seen; and a law shall be made with a fence, for 
the generations. "After that in the fifth week, at the completion of 
glory, a house and kingdom shal be built. 

After that in the sixth week those who happen to be in it shall all of 
them be blindfolded, and the hearts of them all shall forget wisdom. 
Therein, a (certain) man shall ascend . And, at is completion, the house 
of the kingdom shall be burnt with fire; and therein the whole clan of 
the chosen root shall be dispersed . 

After that in the seventh week an apostate generation shall arise; its 
deeds shall be many, and all of them criminal. At its completion , there 



shall be elected the elect ones of the righteousness from the eternal 
plant of righteousness , to whom shall be given sevenfold instruction 
concerning all flock" 







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"In those days, injustice shall be cut off from its fountain . . . Then the 
righteous one shall arise from his sleep, and the wise one shall arise ; 
and he shall be given unto them (the people) , and through him the 
roots of oppression shall be cut off. Sinners shall be destroyed ; by the 
sword they shall be cut off (together with) the blasphemers in every 
place ; and those who design oppression and commit blasphemy shall 
perish by the knife. Then after that there shall occur the second eight 
week, the week of rightousness. A sword shall be given to it in order 
that judgment shall be executed in righteouness on the oppressors, and 
sinners shall be delivered into the hands of the righteous. At its 
completion they shall acquire great things through their righteousness. 
A house shall be built for thr Great King in glory for evermore . 
" Then after that in the ninth week the righteous judgment shall be 
revealed to the whole world. All the deeds of the sinners shall depart 
from upon the whole earth, and be written off for eternal destruction; 
and all people shall direct their sight to the path of uprightness. 
" Then, after this matter, on the tenth week in the seventh part, there 
shall be the eternal judgment. And it shall be executed by the angels of 
the eternal heaven, the great (judgment) which emanates from all of the 
angels. The first heaven shall depart and pass away; and all the powers 
of heaven shall shine forever sevenfold . 

" Then after that there shall be many weeks without number forever; it 
shall be (a time) of goodness and righteousness, and sin shall no more 
be heard of forever." 



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" In the Apocalypse of weeks, Enoch narrates " that which appeared to 
me in the heavenly vision, and which I know from the words of the 
holy angels and understand from the tablets of heaven" (93:2). 
He presents a highly schematized overview of history , divided into 
weeks (presumably weeks of years). Ultimately, ten periods are 
specified ( followed by many weeks without end ") , but the crucial 



transition occurs in the seventh week with the election of a group 
called " the chosen righteous ". Division of history into both ten and 
seven periods is well attested in Jewish apocalyptic literatur . 
The Apocalypse of weeks also claims to find a pattern in history, 
whereby certain people or groups are chosen for salvation in times 
when wickedness prevails . In the second week, " great wickedness 
will arise. . . but in it a man will be saved " The reference is to Noah". 
The third week is marked by the election of Abraham : "a man will be 
chosen as the plant of righteousness forever ." In the sixth week all are 
blinded , but " in it a man will ascend " (presumably Elijah) . The 
seventh week is dominated by an apostate generation , but " at its end 
the chosen righteous from the eternal plant of righteousness" will be 
chosen . The eighth, ninth, and tenth weeks describe the eschatological 
finale . A sword will be given to the righteous that judgment may be 
executed . The righteous will acquire houses , and a new temple will be 
built . Finally, the world will be written down for destruction, eternal 
judgment will be executed on the Watchers and a new heaven will 
replace the old." 

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A Dead Sea Scroll Fragment from the 
Apocalypse of weeks 

Col.lV(= 1 Enoch 93:9- 10 + 91:11 -17) 7-70[...] 
7 7 [. . . but all] their deeds will be at fault. 12 [At its close] the 
chosen ones will be selected as witnesses of the justice 
from the plant 73 of everlasting justice ; they shall be given 
wisdom and knowledge sevenfold. 14 They shall uproot the 
foundations of violence and the work of deceit in it in order 
to carry out [justice.] 75 After this, the eighth week will 
come , the one of justice, in which [a sword] will be given to 
all the just, for them to carry out just judgment against the 
wicked 7 7 who will be delivered into their hands. At its 
close, they will gain riches in justice 18 and there will be 
built the temple of the kingship of The Great One, in his 
magnificence, for all eternal generations. 19 And after that, 
the ninth week. [In it] will be revealed jus[tice and just 
judgment] 20 to all the sons of the whole earth. All those 
who ac[t wickedly will vanish] from all 21 the whole earth 
and they shall be hurled into the [eternal] well. All [men will 
see] 22 the just eternal path. And after the moment of the 
great judgment [and he will carry out revenge in the midst of 
the holy ones.] 24 In it, the first heaven will pass away [and 
there will appear a new heaven and all the forces] of 
heaven 25 will rise throughout all eternity, shinning [seven 
times more. After that there will be] many weeks 26 [the 
number of which will not] have an end [ever, in which 
goodness and justice] will be achieved. 

* From: The Dead Sea Scrolls translated, by Florentine) 

Gaarcia, 2 nd ed. 



£ji$ £rfL^ bjj j^ijA 



(1) James H. Charlesworth, The Old Testament: Pseudepigraapha, Apocalyptic 
literature 

(2) John Collins, in Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, 1997, p. 21 

(3) Robert H. Bogue, The Dawn of Christianity: The Essene Heritage, Vantage 
Press, 1986. 

(4) The Book of Enoch: Aramic fragments of Qumran Cave 4, edited 
by J.T. Milik, with collaboration of Mathew Black, p. 247,253, Oxford 
1976. 

(5) James H. Charlesworth, The Old testament Pseudepigrapha The new 
testament, 1988, p. 38. 

(5) John Collins, in Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, 1997, p. 28. 



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(12) Many references here, e.g: M.J.Agee in "The End of 

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(14) The Book of Enoch: Aramic fragments of Qumran Cave 4, 
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1976, p.252. 

(15) The Old Testament: Pseudepigraapha, Apocalyptic 
literature, by James H. Charlesworth, p. 10, 1983. 

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:(1) o-ifl 

15 " therefore the sanctuary which the Lord chose shall 
become desolate through your uncleanness , and you will 
be captives in all the nations. And you shall be to them a 
revolting thing, and you shall receive scorn and eternal 
humiliation through the just judgment of God. All who hate 
you will rejoice at your destruction. And unless you had 
received mercy through Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, our 
fathers, not a single one of your descendants would be left 
on the earth. 

16 Now I have come to know that for seventy weeks you 
shall wander astray and profane the priesthood and defile 
the sacrificial altars . You shall set aside the Law and nullify 
the words of the prophets by your wicked perversity. You 
persecute just men: and you hate the pious; the word of the 
faithful you regard with revulsion. 

A man who by the power of the Most High renews the Law 
you name 'Deceiver,' and finally you shall plot to kill him, not 
descerning his eminence; by your wickedness you take 
innocent blood on your heads. I tell you , on account of him 
your holy places shall be razed to the ground. You shall 
have no place that is clean, but you will be as a curse and a 
dispersion among the nations until he will again have regard 
for you, and will take you back in compassion. 



17 Because you have heard about the seventy weeks, 
listen also concerning the priesthood. In each jubilee there 
shall be a priesthood. In the first jubilee the first person to 
be anointed to the priesthood will be great, and he shall 
speak to God as father; and his priesthood shall be fully 
satisfactory to the lord, and in the days of his joy, he shall 
rise up for the salvation of the world. In the second jubilee 
the anointed One shall be conceived in sorrow of the 
beloved one, and his priesthood shall be prized and shall be 
glorified by all. The third priest shall be overtaken by grief, 
and the fourth priesthood shall be with sufferings, because 
injustice shall be imposed upon him in a high degree, and 
all Israel shall hate each one his neighbor. The fifth shall be 
overcome by darkness; likewise the sixth and the seventh. 
In the seventh there shall be pollution such as I am unable 
to declare in the presence of human being, because only 
the ones who do these things understand such matters. 
Therefore they shall be in captivity and will be preyed upon; 
both their land and their possessions shall be stolen. And in 
the fifth week they shall return to the land of their 
desolation, and shall restore anew the house of the Lord, in 
the seventh week there will come priests: idolators, 
adulterers, money lovers, arrogant, lawless, voluptuaries, 
pederasts, those who practice bestiality. 

18 " When vengeance will have come upon them from the 
Lord , the priesthood will lapse. 

And then the lord will raise up a new priest. To whom all 

the words of the lord will be revealed. He shall effect the 

judgment of truth over the earth for many days. 

And his star shall rise in heaven like a king; Kindling the 

light of knowledge as day is illumined by the sun. And he 

shall be extolled by the whole inhabited world. 

This one will shine forth like the sun in the earth; 

He shall take away all darkness from under heaven, 

And there shall be peace in all the earth. 

The heavens shall greatly rejoice in his days 

And the earth shall be glad; 



The clouds will be filled with joy 

And the knowledge of the lord will be poured out on the 

earth like the Water of the seas. 

And the angels of glory of the lord's presense will be made 

glad by him. 

The heavens will be opened, 

and from the temple of glory sanctification will come upon 

him, with a fatherly voice, as from Abraham to issac. 

And the glory of the most high shall burst forth upon him. 

And the spirit of understanding and sanctification Shall rest 

upon him [in the water]. 

For he shall give the majesty of the lord to those who are 

his sons in truth forever. 

And there shall be no successor for him from generation 

Forever. 

And in his priesthood the nations shall be multiplied in 

knowledge on the earth. 

And they shall be illumined by the grace of the lord, 

But Israel shall be diminished by her ignorance 

And darkened by her grief. 

In his priesthood sin shall cease 

And lawless men shall rest from their evil deeds, 

And righteous men shall find rest in him. 

And he shall open the gates of paradise; 

He shall remove the sword that has threatened since Adam. 

And he will grant to the saints to eat of the tree of life. 

The spirit of holiness shall be upon them. And beliar shall 

be bound by him. And he shall grant to his children; 

he will be well pleased by his beloved ones forever. 

Then Abraham , Isaac , and Jacop will rejoice, 

And I shall be glad ,and all the saints shall be clothed in 

righteousness. 

NB: Above text was taken mainly from: Pseudepigrapha by 
R.H.Charles, 1913 according to James H. Charlesworth indicated 
above. R.H.Charles (The editor of the original source) commented 



that verses 1-9 from 17, i.e. the passage about the Jubilee, ssem to 
be intrusion and Levi was not apparently the speaker in that segment 



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" .. And in the fifth week they shall return to their desolate country,Ashall renew 

the house of the lord. 

Andin the seventh week shall come priests ( who are) idolaters . 

Adulterers ,lovers of money , proud,lawless, 

Lascivious,paderasts given to the sin of bestiality. 

CHAPTER XVIII 

And after their punishment shall have come from the lord , the (old) 
priesthood shall disappear. 

Then shall the Lord raise up a new priest. . 

And to him all the words of the Lord shall be revealed ; 

And he shall execute a righteous judgment upon the earth during a 
multitude of days . 

And his star shall arise in Heaven as of a king . 

Lighting up the light of knowledge as the sun the day. 

And he shall be magnified in the world . 
He shall shine forth as the sun on the earth 3 

And shall remove all darkness frome under heaven 

And there shall be peace in all the earth . 

The heavens shall exult in his days , 

And the earth shall be glad , 

And the clouds shall rejoice ; 

(And the knowledge of the Lord shall be poured forth upon the earth 
3 as the waters of the seas ;) 

And the angels of the glory of the presence of the Lord shall be glad 
in him . 

The heavens shall be opened, 
And from the temple of glory shall come upon him sanctification, 
With the father's voice as from Abraham to Isaac. 
And the glory of the Most High shall be uttered over him, 
And the Spirit of understanding and sanctification shall rest upon him 
(in the water). 

For he shall give the majesty of the Lord to His sons in truth for 
evermore ; 

And there shall none succeed him for all generations for ever . 
And in his priesthood the Gentiles shall be multiplied in Knowledge 
upon the earth, 
And enlightened through the grace of the Lord: 



But Israel shall be minished through ignorance , and darkened through 

grief. 

And in his priesthood shall sin come to an end . 

And the lawlees shall cease to do evil. 

( And the just shall rest in him). 

And he shall open the gates of paradise . 

And shall remove the threatening sword (aimed) againts Adam. 

And he shall give to the saints to eat from the tree of life, 

And the Spirit of holiness shall be on them . 

And Belial shall be bound by him, 

And he shall give power to His children to tread upon the evil spirits. 

And the Lord shall rejoice in his children, 

And be well pleased in his beloved ones for ever. 

Then shall Abraham and Isaac and Jacob exult, 

And I will be glad, 
And all the saints shall clothe themselves with joy. 



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(1) James H. Charlesworth, The Old Testament: Pseudepigraapha, 
Apocalyptic literature 

(2) The complete World of The Dead Sea Scrolls, by Phillip R. 
Davie s 

al, 2002. 

(3) The jweish Sect of Qumran and the Essenes: New studies on the dead sea 
scrolls, by A. Dupont- Sommer, chapter 3, translated from the French by 
R.D.Barnett,1954 

(4) The Book of Enoch: Aramic fragments of Qumran Cave 4, edited by J.T. 
Milik, with collaboration of Mathew Black, Oxford 1976. 

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(11) Robert H. Bogue, The Dawn of Christianity: The Essene Heritage, 
1986, p. 140. 

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Apocalypse of Abraham 

:(29- 27 J^a ) (2) iQW^ o^ 

Chapter 27 

47. And I looked and saw, and behold the picture swayed and from it 
emerged, on the left side an ungodly people and they pillaged those who 
were on the right side, men, women, and children, and some they murdered, 
and others they kept as slaves. And I saw them run towards them through 
four 'entrances' (2) and they burned the Temple with fire, and the holy things 
that were therein were all plundered. 48. And I said, "0 Eternal One! Behold, 
the people who shall spring from me, and whom you have accepted, are 
plundered by these ungodly men, and some are killed, whilst others they 
hold captives as slaves, and the Temple they have burned with fire, and the 
beautiful things therein they have robbed and destroyed. If this to be, why 
have you so torn my heart?" 49. And He said to me, "What you have seen 
shall happen on account of your seed, even those who anger me by reason 
of the idol statue which you saw, and on account of the human sacrifice in 
the picture, through their evil zeal and schemes in the Temple, and as you 
saw it, so shall it be." 50. And I said, "0 Eternal, Mighty One! May these 
works of evil wrought in ungodliness now pass by, and rather show me 
those who fulfilled the commandments, even the works of righteousness. 
For of a truth you can do this." 

51. And He said to me, "The days of the righteous are seen in type by the 
lives of those righteous rulers who shall arise, and whom I have created to 
rule at the times appointed, but know this, that out of them shall arise others 
who care only for their own interests, even of the type that I have already 
shown you. 
Chapter 28 

53. And He showed me a multitude of His people and said to me, "On their 
account , through four 'entrances' (2) as you saw, I shall be provoked by 
them , and in these shall my retribution for their deeds be accomplished. But 
in the fourth descent of one hundred years, even one hour of the age, the 
same is a hundred years , there shall be misfortune among the nations, but 
also for one hour there shall be mercy and honour among those nations. 
Chapter 29 

54. And I said, "0 Eternal One! How long are the hours of the age?" And He 
said, "Twelve hours have I ordained for this present age of ungodliness to 
rule among the nations and within your seed, and until the end of the times it 
shall be even as you saw . And now reckon and understand and look again 
into the picture. 



55. And I looked and saw a Man going out from the left side of the 
nations and there went out men and women and children, from the side of 
nations, many hosts, and worshipped Him. And while I still looked, there 
came many from the right side, and some of these insulted Him, and some 
of them even struck Him, but others however worshipped Him. And as I 
watched, I saw Azazel approach Him and he kissed Him on the face and 
then stood behind Him. 

56. And I said, "0 Eternal One! Who is the Man insulted and beaten, who is 
worshipped by the nations and kissed by Azazel?" And He answered and 
said, "Hear Abraham! The Man you saw insulted and beaten and yet 
worshipped by many, He is the 'Relief granted by the nations to the people 
who proceed from you, in the last days, in the twelfth hour of the age of 
ungodliness. But in the twelfth hour of my final age will I set up this Man 
from your generation, whom you saw issue from among my people, and 
all who follow will become like this Man , and such as are called by me will 
join the others, even those who will to change within themselves. And as for 
those who emerge from the left side of the picture, the meaning is this - 
there shall be many from the nations who shall set their hopes upon Him , 
but as for those whom you saw from your seed on the right of the picture 
who insulted Him and struck Him, many shall be offended in Him, but some 
shall worship Him. And He shall test those of your seed who have 
worshipped Him in the twelfth hour at the end, with a view to shortening the 
age of ungodliness. 

57. Before the age of the righteous begins to grow, my judgment shall come 
upon the lawless peoples through the-people of your seed who have been 
separated unto me . And in those -daysj will bring upon all creatures of the 
earth ten plagues, through misfortune and disease and the sighing of their 
grief. And this shall be brought upon the generations of men on account of 
the provocation and the corruption of mankind, whereby they provoke me. 
And then shall righteous men of your seed survive in the number which is 
kept secret by me, and will hasten the coming of the glory of My Name to 
that place prepared beforehand for them, which you saw devastated in the 
picture. And they shall live and be established by sacrifices of righteousness 
in the age of the righteous, and they shall rejoice in me continually, and 
receive those who return to me in repentance, for great shall be the inner 
torment of those who have despitefully used them in this world, as they 
observe the honour placed upon my own in the day of glory. 

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Descents, ascents or entrances. 

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i_j1jS1I CjIjj 2ii_a J JjA jr "-ijjjJ J^ "j»jaI jj! IjJj J 2^,,, J c^lk^yi" (4) 

The" Christian. 1988 o-J 1 - 'HO "107 q* d ^j .107 *> ^^ 

Interpolations" in the Apocalypse of Abraham by Robert G. Hall, Journal of Biblical 

" Literature, Vol. 107. No. 1, (Mar. 1988), pp. 107-110 

.416 -415 o* .1984 ^jj jli ^1^1 jj— II sjsi J Vj«J ^Ltiill (4) 
Jewish Writings of the Second Temple Period, by Van Gorcum, Fortress 

Press, 1984, pp.415- 416. 

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.1919 S^ 

G. H. Box, M.A. The Apocalypse Of Abraham, Society or Promoting 

Christian Knowledge, London: 68, HA YMARK E T, S.W. I. New 

York: HE Macmilan Company, 1919. 



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(4) Lost scriptures: Books that did not make it into the new testament, by Bart D. 
Ehrman, 2003 ed, p.211. 



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" He (I,e Jesus ) has ascended and has given us a pledge and promised life to all and 
revealed to us children (?) who are to come after us, after bidding (us) love them, as 
we would be (saved) for their sake" "And when they heard this, they indeed 
believed the revelation, but were displeased about those to be born. And so, not 
wishing to give them offence, I sent each one to another place. But I myself went up 
to Jerusalem, praying that I might obtain a portion among the beloved, who will be 
made manifest. 

And I pray that the beginning may come from you, for thus I shall be capable of 
salvation, since they will be enlighted through me, by my faith - and through 
another (faith) that is better than mine, for I would that mine be the lesser. Endeavor 
earnestly, then, to make yourself like them and pray that you may obtain a portion 
with them. For because of what I have said, the Savior did not make the revelation 
to us for their sakes. We do, indeed, proclaim a portion with those for whom the 
proclamation was made, those whom the Lord has made his sons" The Nag 
Hammadi Library, 1988 ed., p. 37, by James M. Robinson. 

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sing for joy in their couches . Let the high praise of God be in their 
throats and two edged swords in their hands .. This is glory for all his 
faithful one . Praise the Lord ! " . 



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j^ ^(j The righteous ^ ru,wiJ ajj^'VI £-uil J -^^ 

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: Jj La£ (j^l jjj Today's English Version 4jjJ=oVI <l^\ ^j 
" Those who are blessed by the Lord will possess the land, but those 
who are cursed by him will be driven out" 

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••"Ul« 

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Revised standard version, aJa*JI ^Ull 4jjjLjVI kL^\ ^i <_kuJIj 

: ^L La£ ^i 1972 

"For the wicked shall be cut off; but those who wait for the Lord 

shall possess the land. Yet a little While, and the wicked will be no 

more; But the meek shall possess the land, and delight themselves in 

abundant prosperity" 

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" (But those who wait for the Lord shall possess the land.) 

Interpreted, this is the congregation of His elect who do His will. 
(A little while and the wicked shall be no more; I will look towards 
his place but he shall not be there. ) . 

Interpreted, this concerns all the wicked. At the end of forty 
years they shall be blotted out and not an [evil] man shall be 
found on earth. 

" (But the humble shall possess the land and delight in abundant 
peace. ) . 

Interpreted, this concerns [the congregation of the] Poor who 
shall accept the season of penance and shall be delivered from all 
the snares of Satan. Afterwards, all who possess the earth shall 
delight and prosper on exquisite food". 

"(The wicked borrows and does not repay, but the righteous is 
generous and gives. Truly , those whom He [blesses shall 
possessl the land, but those whom He curses [shall be cut off|. 

Interpreted, this concerns the congregation of the Poor, who [shall 
possess] the whole world as an inheritance . They shall possess the 
High Mountain of Israel [for ever], and shall enjoy [everlasting] 
delights in His Sanctuary . [But those who] shall be cut off, they 
are the violent [of the nations and] the wicked of Israel; they shall 
be cut off and blotted out for ever. " 



From Dead Sea Scrolls, 3rd edition, by G. Vermes, p. 290-1. 



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.. (4Q173, 1Q16 




" But tfiose wfao fcrusf ifl fie Lord are fie ones who will inherit the 

earth" 

This refer to the company of His chosen, those who do his will. 

" Very soon there will be no wicked man; look where he was. He is not 

there" 

This refer to all of the wicked at the end of the forty years, when are 

completed, there will no longer be any wicked person on the earth. 

" They will not be put to shame in ( an evil time)" 

266 



This refer to the ones who return from the wilderness, who live a 
thousand generations in virtue. To them and their descendantsbelongs 
all the heritage of Adam for ever. 

" Those love the Lord are as magnificent as rams" 
This refer to ( the company of His chosen ) who shall be leaders and 
princes.. 

" All shall vanish like smoke) 

This refer to the wicked princes who opressed his Holy people "and 
who will scatter like smoke dissipates in the wind. 

"o^j^l uj^j^ lh^ i* 4 &U uj*-Ai Oi^ *yj* o^j " 

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jfj iijj^JI ( a#icL^. ,_>> jjIjZajj, ( the company of His chosen ) 4iLs-^»j 



flj The Dead Sea Scrolls, ed. 1996, by Michael Wise, Martin, Abegg, J R. & 

Edward Cook, p. 223-224. 



:4 -1 :26 U^l t>aift 

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" A day is coming when the people will sing this song in the land of 

Judah : 

.. Open the city gates and let the faithful nation enter, the nation 

whose people do what is right . He has humbled those who were 

proud, he destroyed the strong city they lived in , and sent its 

walls crashing into the dust .. 

.. Those who were oppressed walk over it now and trample it under 

their feet . Lord , you make the path smooth for good men , the 

road they travel is level " . 

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Remember me Lord , when you help your people, include me when save 
them. Let me see the prosperity of your people and share in the 
happiness of your nation that I may glory with the hertiage. We and 
our fathers have sinned , we have commited iniquity , and we have 
"done wickedly .. 



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Messianic Apocalypse &&$ jauft cjUajkL* <> L^A\ Ljj 

. .jJailall UuiJI jjc jl>4i JaI 4jj£ La ^^Ic JaSS Jlia£ liA AjtLUI oJA j£il 

UUact j3 jl£j t (l) jUjaLj Neil Asher Silberman (jc La sJjiL a*L£]Ij 

" .. The Heavens and the earth will obey His messiah, (The sea and all 

that is th)at is in them. He will not turn aside from the commandment 

of the holy ones. 

Take strength in his mighty work, all ye who seek the Lord. 

Will you not find the Lord in this, all ye who wait ( for Him) with hope 

in your hearts? 

Surely the Lord will seek out the pious and will call the righteous by 

name. 

His spirit will hover over the poor; by his might he will restore the 

faithful. 

He will glorify the pious on the throne of the eternal kingdom. 

He will release the captives, make the blind see, raise up the do 

(wntrodden)." 

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(1) The Hidden Scrolls, by Neil Asher Silberman, p. 114. 



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" And from the day of gathering in unique teacher, until the 
destruction of all the men of war who turned back with the man of 
lies, there shall be about forty years . And in this age the wrath of 
God will be kindled against Israel , as he says: (There shall be no 
king, no prince..) . But the converts from the sin of Jacob, those 
keeping the covenant of God .. He will listen .. Until salvation and 
justice are revealed to those who fear God . These shall exult and 
rejoice and their heart will be strong and they shall prevail over all 
the sons of the world and God will atone for them, and they shall 
see his salvation for they have taken refuge in his holy name. " 



* From Dead Sea Scrolls Translated,2nd edition ,by Florentino G. Martinez, p. 

46-7 

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laLjJ 4jj1o JLa. 

" And from the day of gathering in unique teacher, until the destruction of 
all the men of war who turned back with the man of lies, there shall be 
about forty years . And in this age the wrath of God will be kindled 
against Israel , as he says (2): "There shall be no king, no prince, no judge, 
no-one(who) reproaches in justices". But the converts from the sin of 
Jacob, those keeping the covenant of God, shall then speak, each to his 
fellow, each one to make his brother holy, so that their steps become steady 
in the path of God, and God pays attention to their words. And he will listen 
and it will be written in a book of remembrance (before him) for those who 
fear God and think on his name, Until salvation and justice are revealed 
to those who fear God . And they shall distinguish again between the just 
and the wicked, between whoever serves God and whoever does not serve 
him. He shows mercy to (thousands) to whoever loves him and whoever is 
faithfulto him, for a thousand generations (.. those of) the house of Peleg, 
who left the holy city and leaned on God in the age of Israel's unfaithfulness; 
but they defiled the temple and turned back to the path of the people in 
some things. All these, each one according to his spirit, shall be judged in 
the holy council.. And all among those who entered the convenant, 
transgressing the limits pf the law, when the glory of God is manifested 
Israel, shall be cut off from amongst the camp, and with them all the wicked 
men of Judahin the days of purges... But all those who remain steadfast in 
these regulations, coming and going in accordance with the law, and listen 
to the Teacher's voice , and confess before God: "Assuredly, have we 
sinned, both we and our fathers, walking contrary to the ordinances of the 
convenant; justice and truth are your judgement against us"; and they do not 
raise their hand against his holy regulations and his just judgements and his 
truthful stipulations; and they are instructed in the first ordinances, in 
conformity with which the men of the Unique One were judged, and they 
lend their ears to the voice of the Teacher of Righteousness; and do not 
reject the holy regulationswhen they hear them; these shall exult and rejoice 
and their heart will be strong and they shall prevail over all the sons of 
the world and God will atone for them, and they shall see his salvation for 
they have taken refuge in his holy name. " Damascus Document, col.xx (1) 



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IlJJxJI Ig^Aj r^L^aW aka jjj j«ajll jC alii 4*3 j]| J 4j.Iala]l 20,13- 15 

" Now from the day the Beloved Teacher passes away to the destruction of 
all warriors who went back to the Man of the Lies will be forty years" 

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..akJI 

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dj±*j jti\ cAu^,%\\ if* j jjjLuiaJ! J L>aJI ^u^^.tij teacher of righteousness 

J I*)')]; La£ <i(_£jlii3 ^jJsl\j\\ qaI . .a^jUajiaa ,n J dlUajl-i^ ^11 L-ll -. i ^1 LjJC. 
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ta jVI Ija jjkaj «j 4 <iii3 jj^ll j-atm- ls^I The man who reneweth the law 

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("So that with ease someone can read it", this refer to the Teacher of the 
Righteousness to whom God made known all the mysterious revelations of 
his servants the prophets) 

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:(jjJajjjla (_$l ) (jiajVI Jc-j ojLic Jc *I1ji jll ciil-i^b ^iijn <diLk j<a 4j1jj 

" They are the cruel israelites who will not believe when they hear 
everything that is to come upon the latter generation that will spoken by the 
Priest in whose (heart) God has put (the ability) to explain all the words of 
His servants the prophets, through (whom) God has foretold everything that 
is to come upon his people and his land" 

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: (jj^JaII ^3-2 



" The wicked men observes the righteous man and seek to kill him. But the 
Lord will not leave him in his power and will not condemn him when he 
comes to trial" This refer to the wicked priest who observes the Teacher of 
Righetousness and seek to kill him., and the Law that he sent to him, but God 
will not leave him in his power and will not condemn him when he comes to 
trial" 

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i_jU^al jj^ii jL (>a*JI jliicl ja Ia^Ijj (ju.iil jL Sjji-Vl *!jVI Jc- Scrolls, p. 67 

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(3) The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, James 
Vanderkam & Peter Flint, 2002, pp. 284. 

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-.Ju IS ja Gracia 

" .. and raised up for them a Teacher of righteosness , in order to direct them 
to the path of his heart blank and he made known to the last generations 
what he had done for the last generation, the congrgation of traitors. These 
are the ones who stray from the path. This is the time about which it has been 
written ( Hosea 4: 16)" Like a sr ay heifer so has Israel srtrayed" , when the 
scoffer arose, who scatter edthe water of lies over Israel and made them veer 
off into a wildernesswithout path., so that the curses of his convenant would 
adhere to the m, to deliver them up to the sword carrying out the vengeance 
of the covenant. For they sought easy interpretations, chose illusions, 
scrutinised loopholes, chose the handsome neck, acquitted the guilty and 
sentenced the just, violated the covenant, broke the precp t, colluded tosether 
against the life of the just man .." 



L-sh£ ^i CMji>\j J-ijji^ duj) Qc (jlj£ (jj*. cfljll Ija ^?jj (5) 
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& Fetter Flint. 

The Dead Sea Scrolls Ttranslated by : m k U-^l t> J ^J '6^ W* l^uJ 
: t_j^j Dead Sea Scrolls by Michael Wise et al : m^j Florentino Gracia 

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(11) The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, James Vanderkam & 
Peter Flint, 2002, pp. 283 

(12) The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, James Vanderkam & 
Peter Flint, 2002, pp.286 

(13) The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, James Vanderkam & 
Peter Flint, 2002, pp280 . 

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(1) Michael Wise, Martin Abegg, Edward Cook, in Dead Sea Scrolls,first 

ed., p. 167: 
" .. Crush the nations, your adversaries, and let your sword devour flesh. Fill 
your land with glory, and your inheritance with blessing... O, Zion, rejoice 
greatly, and rejoice , all you cities of Judah. Open your gates forever, so that the 
wealth of the nations might be brought to you .." 



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( 1 1 Matthew Henry's Commentary on the Whole Bible, on commenting on Hab 3:3 : " He 
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the glory of God when he gave the law upon Mount Sinai , as appears by Deu 33:2 whence 
these expressions are borrowed. Then the Lord came down upon Mount Sinai in a cloud". 



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(7) James H. Charlesworth, The Old testament Pseudepigrapha The new 

testament, 1988, p. xiii. 

(8) Hugh Schonfield, TheEssene Odyssey,1998 reprint, pp. 42 

(9) The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, 1997 ed, p. 612 

(10) John Sawyer, Prophecy and the biblical prophets, 1987, p. 155-6. 

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(2) Israel's Messiah in the Bible and The Dead Sea Scrolls, by 
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(5) Israel's Messiah in the bible and the dead sea scrolls by 
Richard S Hess and M Daniel Carroll R,28. 



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(l)Robert Eisenman, James the Brother of Jesus. 

(2) The Dead Sea Scrolls, ed. 1996, by Michael Wise, Martin, Abegg, J 
R. & Edward Cook, page 60. 

(3) John Collin, Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, 1997 ed, 
p5&p68. 

(4) John Collin, Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, 1997 ed, 
p. 86. 



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that they are wrong about sin and about what is right and about God's 
judgment " 

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reveals the truth about God , and who comes from father. I will 
send him to you from the father and he will speak about me " 

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" I have much more to tell you, but it would be too much for 
you to beer. When, however, the spirit comes, who reveals the truth 
about God, he will lead you into all the truth. He will not speak on his 
own authority, but he will speak of what he hears, he will tell you of 
things to come, He will give my glory 

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The Messiah before Jesus: The suffering Servant of the 
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" This is the Son of man who is filled with goodness, 
With whom goodness lives 
And who reveals all treasures that are concealed, 
For the lord of spirit chose him . 



Will rise up kings and the mighty from their seats, 

The strong from their throne . 

He will loosen the reins of the strong 

And break the teeth of sinners . 

He will throw down kings from their thrones and their kingdoms 

Around it were many fountains of wisdom . 

All the thirsty drank from them 

And were filled with wisdom 

And they lived with the good, the holy, and the elect . 

At that hour the Son of man was named 

Before the Lord of spirit , 

And his name was the Head of Days . 

Yes, before the sun and the signs were created , 

Before the stars of Heaven were made 

His name was named before the Lord of Spirit . 

He will be a staff to the good to stay themselves and not fall , 

He will be the light of the Gentiles, 

And the hope of those who are troubled of heart . 

370 



All who live on earth will fall down and worship him , 

Will praise and bless and celebrate the lord of Spirit with song . 

And so he has been chosen and hidden before God, 

Before the creation of the world and for eternity . 

The wisdom of the Lord of Spirit has revealed him to the holy and the go, 

For the preserved the good 

In these days the kings of the earth 

And the strong who possess land because of the works of their hands are all 

downcast 
For they know that on the day of their anguish they will not be able to save 

themselves . 
I will turn them over into the hands of my elected ones . 
Like straw in fire they will burn before the fase of the holy 
For they have denied the Lord of spirits and his Anointed . 
The name of the Lord of spirits be blessed . 

In those days the earth will give back that was entrusted to it , 

For in those days the Elected One will arise 

And choose the good and holy from those who died . 

The day has come when they are to be saved . 

The Elected One in those days will sit on my throne 

And his mouth pour forth secrets of wisdom and counsel . 

The Lord of Spirit gave them to him and glorified him. 

The earth will rejoice, 

The good will live on it 

And the elect walk there 

And the Lord of Spirit will rule over them. 

They will eat with the Son of man 

And lie down and rise up forever and ever. 



And cease to be of downcast countenance. 



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(1) James H. Charlesworth, in The Old Testament: Pseudepigraapha, Apocalyptic 
literature, ed.1983, p. 33-36. 

(2) Martin Abeegg, JR., Peter Flint & Eugene Ulrigh, The Dead Sea Scrolls 
Bible,p.481. 

(3) Willis Barnstone, The Other Bible, 1984 ed., p. 489-493. 

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(6) Michael Wise et al, The Dead Sea Scrolls, 1996, p. 328. 

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376 



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" Behold, my servant, whom I uphold; my chosen, in whom 
my soul delighteth: I have put my Spirit upon him; he will bring 
forth justice to the Gentiles. 2 He will not cry, nor lift up his voice, 
nor cause it to be heard in the street. 3 A bruised reed will he not 
break, and a dimly burning wick will he not quench: he will 
bring forth justice in truth. 4 He will not fail nor be discouraged, 
till he have set justice in the earth; and the isles shall wait for his 
law. 

I, Jehovah, have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thy 
hand, and will keep thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, 
for a light of the Gentiles; 7 to open the blind eyes, to bring out the 
prisoners from the dungeon, and them that sit in darkness out of 
the prison-house. 8 I am Jehovah, that is my name; and my glory will 
I not give to another, neither my praise unto graven images. 9 Behold, 



the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare; 
before they spring forth I tell you of them. 10 Sing unto Jehovah a new 
song .. n Let the wilderness and the cities thereof lift up their 
voice, the villages that Kedar doth inhabit; let the inhabitants of 
Sela sing, let them shout from the top of the mountains. 12 Let 
them give glory unto Jehovah, and declare his praise in the 
islands. 

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He will bring lasting justice, he will not lose or courage, 
he will establish justice in the earth, distant land eagerly wait 
for his teaching 

(2) (J^aj^l fJi £-* ill ■!$£■ fjaui AJ^Lk qa cg^lj 

Through you I will make a covenant with all people, through 
you I will bring light to the nations 

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" In his mysterious insight and glorious wisdom God has countenanced 
an era in which perversity triumphs, but at the time appointed for 
visitation He shall destroy such forever. Then shall truth come forth 
in victory upon the earth. Sullied by wicked ways while perversity 
rule s, at the time of the appointed judgment truth shall be decreed. By 



His truth God shall then purify all human deeds, and refine some of 
humanity so as to extinguish every perverse spirit from the inward 
parts of flesh, cleansing from every wicked deed by a holy spirit. Like 
purifying waters, He shall sprinkle each with a spirit of truth , 
effectual against all the abominations of lying and sullying by an 
unclean spirit. Thereby He shall give the upright insight into the 
knowledge of the Most High and the wisdom of the angels, making 
wise those following the perfect way. Indeed God has chosen them 
for an eternal covenant ; all the glory of Adam shall be theirs alone. 

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" I will establish my people in the land and make them prosper. I 
will show love to those who were called unloved , and those who were 
called not my people I will say : you are my people and they will say 
you are our God . . " 

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written down, I will not overlook what they have done, but will repay 

them for their sins and sins of their ancestors ..." 

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(6) Florentino Garcha, in The Dead Sea Scrolls Translated,Ed 1996, p. 246. 

(7) James H. Charlesworth, The Old Testament: Pseudepigraapha, Apocalyptic 
literature, 1983 Ed, p 15. 



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(1) James H. Charlesworth, The Old Testament: Pseudepigraapha, Apocalyptic 
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(16 «t>a ) John Collins v 1 ^ £^j '^jj^j ojjJl Jalill tSlli jxj r^Vinl jj tLiJI ol^Jl ^i Ullc. 
Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls : j!jj*j (1997^L 
(2) Erich Von Daniken, The return of the Gods, pp. 68, ed. 1995 

(1) Walter C. Kaiser, Jr. Toward Rediscovering The old Testament, 1991,pp.l05. 

(2) The Jewish Bible: Tanakh The Holy Scriptures, by The Jewish Bible Society, 

Pheladelphia, 1985 

(3) Apocalypicism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, by J.J. Collins, p. 17. 



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Psalms 84: 

" How I love your temple . Almighty God! How I want to be 

there ! I long to be in the Lord's temple .. 

.. How happy are those live in your temple, always singing 

praise to you. 

How happy are those whose strength comes from you. Who are 

eager to make pilgrimage to Mount Zion. As they pass through the 

valley of Becca, it becomes a place of springs .. 

One day spent in your Temple is better than a thousand 

anywhere else .. " 

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^ — ^J a_£i jii] jL Albert Barnes Notes on the Bible j^i£ll ljil> JjL (1) 

"This is one of the most difficult verses in the Book of Psalms, and 
has been, of course, very variously interpreted." 
Keil Delitzsch Commentary on the Old m 1 -^ u— *— \ V '-"^ o^ 1 (2) 

i^-L US testament 
"N33n pny does not signify the "Valley of weeping," as Hupfeld at last renders it 
(lxx KorM5a too) KXauBucovoq), although Burckhardt found a [Arab.] wadi 1-bk' 
(Valley of weeping) in the neighbourhood of Sinai. In Hebrew "weeping" is 'OS. 
H33. 11=133. not K33 . Renan, in the fourth chapter of his Vie de Jesus, understands the 
expression to mean the last station of those who journey from northern Palestine on 
this side of the Jordan towards Jerusalem, viz., Ain el-Haramlje, in a narrow and 
gloomy valley where a black stream of water flows out of the rocks in which graves 
are dug, so that consequently X33H pay signifies Valley of tears or of trickling 
waters. But such trickling out of the rock is also called OS, Job_28:ll . and not X33. 
This latter is the singular to D'&oa in 2Sa_5:24 (cf. WXll, D'fcax, Psa_103:21 ), the 
name of a tree, and, according to the old Jewish lexicographers, of the mulberry-tree 
(Talmudic ran, Arab, tut); but according to the designation, of a tree from which 
some kind of fluid flows, and such a tree is the Arab, baka'un, resembling the 
balsam-tree, which is very common in the arid valley of Mecca, and therefore might 
also have given its name to some arid valley of the Holy Land (vid., Winer's 
Realworterbuch, s.v. Bacha), and, according to 2Sa_5:22-25 . to one belonging, as it 
would appear, to the line of valley which leads from the coasts of the Philistines to 
Jerusalem." 

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" " From this root, the pretended prophet Mohammed or Mahomet, had 

his name." Sir Hggin says," Here Mohammed" is expressly 

foretold by Haggi, and by name; there is no interpolation here. 

There is no evading this clear text and its meaning .." 

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.(^ouJI a^iL ) Lijll p^^J (JjLo. <>ajbU "ja lilUA jj " Barnes' Notes on the Bible 

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..jj-aVl (J^J JJ^I li$J <— ^-J^- ^1 4£jIa«JI Alalj Jjjjj AjIc 

" There was a general shaking upon earth before our Lord came. Empires rose and fell. The 

Persian fell before Alexander's; Alexander's world-empire was ended by his sudden death in 

youth; of his four successors, two only continued, and they too fell before the Romans; then were 

the Roman civil wars, until, under Augustus, the temple of Janus was shut." 



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. .4JU1I Si jj311j ^ 2L»5l5 -Oil s jLsyi 

: * (q4 - 174) CuJI j^ll cjIL^L^ ^ 

" I will appoint a place for my people Israel and will plant 

them that they may dwell there and be troubled no more by their 

enemies. No son of iniquity shall afflict them again as formerly .. 

This is the House which He will build for them in the last days as 

it is written in the book of Moses, in the sanctuary which thy 

hands have established, 

Dead Sea Scrolls in English ,3rd edition, by G .Vermes,p. 

293. 

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" " O Lord, the Lord shall reign for ever and ever . This is the House 

into which the unclean shall never enter, nor the uncircumcised , nor 

the Ammonite, nor the Moabite, nor the half-breed, nor the foreigner, 

nor the strange, ever; for there shall My Holy Ones be. [ Its glory shall 

endure] forever ; it shall appear above it perpetually. And strangers 

shall lay it waste no more, as they formerly laid waste the Sanctuary of 

Israel because of its sin. 4 "Q- 174 



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will be brought to you as sacrifices ..The Lord will make his Temple 

more glorious than ever 

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(1) Jewish Writings of the Second Temple Period, by Van Gorcum, p. 539. 1984 

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:^ Lai (AjJJaJV) Axllli <UjauJ) ^luiLja]) ^Lua^l ^ qoJ1\j 
" It is truth. Ye are my witnesses, saith Jehovah, and my servant 
whom I have chosen; that ye may know and believe me, and 
understand that I am he: before me there was no God formed, neither 
shall there be after me. I, even I, am Jehovah; and besides me there is 
no savior. I have declared, and I have saved, and I have showed; and 
there was no strange god among you: therefore ye are my witnesses, 
saith Jehovah, and I am God. Yea, since the day was I am he; and there 



is none that can deliver out of my hand: I will work, and who can 
hinder it? 

Thus saith Jehovah, your Redeemer, and the Holy One of Israel: 
For your sake I have sent to Babylon, and I will bring down all of them 
as fugitives, even the Chaldeans, in the ships of their rejoicing. I am 
Jehovah, your Holy One, the Creator of Israel, your King. Thus saith 
Jehovah, who maketh a way in the sea, and a path in the mighty 
waters; who bringeth forth the chariot and horse, the army and the 
mighty man (they lie down together, they shall not rise; they are 
extinct, they are quenched as a wick): Remember ye not the former 
things, neither consider the things of old. Behold, I will do a new 
thing; now shall it spring forth; shall ye not know it? I will even make 
a way in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert. The beasts of the 
field shall honor me, the jackals and the ostriches; because I give 
waters in the wilderness, and rivers in the desert, to give drink to my 
people, my chosen, the people which I formed for myself, that they 
might set forth my praise." 



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(3) Matthews Henry Commentary on the Whole bible, on commenting on above 

verse: 
" The least gospel minister, that has obtained mercy of the Lord to be skilful and 
faithful in his work, or the meanest of the apostles and first preachers of the gospel, 
being employed under a more excellent dispensation, are in a more honourable 
office than John Baptist. The meanest of those that follow the Lamb far excel the 
greatest of those that went before him. Those therefore who live under the gospel 
dispensation have so much the more to answer for ." 



: (1) J^J J^^- 9 fiJ Jjl ^ J* 



" the interpretationis that it applies {to the L}ast days and concern the 
captives, just as {Isaiah said: "To proclaim the jubilee to the captives" 
(Isa. 61:1).... just} as {...} and from the inhheritance of Melchizedek, 
f[or...Melchize]dek, who will return them to whatis rightfully theirs. 
He will proclaim to them the jubilee, thereby releasing th[em from the 
debt of a]ll their sins. 

[He shall pro]claim this decree in the first week of the jubilee period 
that follows nine jubilee period. Then the day of Atonement shall follw 
after the tenth jubilee period , when he shall atone for all the Sons of 
[light] and the pepole who are predestined to M elchizedek. Upon them 
for this is the time decreed for "the year of Melchizedek, s favor " 
(Isa.61:2,modified) ,and by his might he will judge God,s holy ones 
and so establish a righteous kingdom , as it is written about him in the 
Songs of David .. Therefore Melchizedek will thoroughly prosecute 
the vengeance required by God's statutes. Also he will deliver all the 
captives from the power of Belial, and from the power of all the spirits 
predestinded to him.. The vi(sitation) is the day of (salvation) that He 
has decreed through Isaiah the prophet (concerning all captives), in as 
much as scripture says. How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet 
of the messenger who announces peace, who brings good news, who 
announce salvation, who says to Zion your divine being reigns" 
(Isaiah 52:7) This screpture's interpretation :" the mountains are the 
prophets they who were sent to proclaim God's truth and to prophesy 
to all Israel. The messenger is the annointed of the spirit, of whom 
Daniel spoke, (" After the sixty-two weeks, an Annointed one shall be 
cut off" ( Daniel 9: 26) The" messenger who brings good news, who 
announces salvation " is the one of whom is written ,( " to proclaim the 
year of the Lord's favor, the day of vengeance of our God) to comfort 
all who mourn" (Isaiah 61:2). This screpture's interpretation : ( He is 
to instruct them about all the periods of history for eternity .. and in the 



statutes of the truth (...) dominion that passes from Belial and return to 
the sons of Light .. by the judgement of God just as written concerning 
him, ("Who says to Zion " Your divine being reigns " ( Isaiah 52:7) (" 
Zion is the cngregation of all the sons of righteousness , who uphold 
the covenant and turn from walking in the way of people." Your divine 
being " is Melchizedek, who will deliver them from the power of 
Belial" 



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(4) Graig A. Evans & Petter W. Flint in chapter: The expectation of the end in the 
Dead Sea Scrolls in: Studies in Dead Sea Scrolls and related literatures: 
Eschatology, messianism, and the Dead Sea Scrolls, 1997. 

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(1) The Hidden Scrolls, by Neil Asher Silberman, p. 115. 
454 



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" God rises up and scatters his enemies. Those who hate him run 
away in defeat. As smoke is blown away, so he drives them off; as wax 
melts in front of the fire, so do the wicked perish in God's presence. 
But the righteous are glad and rejoice in his presence; they are happy 
and shout for joy. Sing to God, sing praises to his name; prepare a way 
for him who rides across the desert. His name is the Lord - be glad in 
his presence! 

God, who lives in his sacred Temple, cares for orphans and 
protects widows. He gives the lonely a home to live in and leads 
prisoners out into happy freedom; but rebels will have to live in a 
desolate land. O God, when you led your people, when you marched 
across the desert, the earth shook, and the sky poured down rain. You 
caused abundant rain to fall and restore your worn-out land; your 
people made their home there. " 



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" the sky poured down rain. You caused abundant rain to fall and 
restore your worn-out land".. 

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So that all prophecy has been to you like the words of a sealed 
document. If it is handed to one who can read and he is asked to read it 
, he will say ,"I can't, because it is sealed" and if the document is 
handed to one who cannot read and he is asked to read it, he will say , 
' ' I can't read "or "I am not learnt" . 

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" I can't read " or " I am not . ."*kLaj \i la " sjLicj " i«.\ J&\ ^±J V " 

learnt" . 

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He gives him great victories 

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because you made you give strength, he rejoices ^O ^ jk &jL mj ^ 
cillLi sip. him victorious .. You came to him with great blessing .. 

" 4j1c « ■ bj il^Jj ViLa. liL-aiUj o^a ajjafc S^jVlj jA^ll Jl abVl J^jL ^'jUr.ti 

His glory is great because of your help, you have given him fame and 

majesty your blessing are with him forever .. He will always be secure, 

the king will capture all his enemies " 



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come" 

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"Teach the king to judge with your righteousness, O God; share 
with him your own justice, so that he will rule over your people with 
justice and govern the oppressed with righteousness. May the land 
enjoy prosperity; may it experience righteousness. May the king judge 
the poor fairly; may help the needy and defeat their oppressors. May 
your people worship you as long as the sun shines, as long as the moon 
gives light, for ages to come 

May the king be like rain on the fields, like showers on the land. The moon 
gives light. May righteousness flourish in his lifetime, and may 
prosperity last as long as 

His kingdom will reach from sea to sea, from the Euphrates to the ends of 
the earth. The peoples of the desert will bow down before him; his 
enemies will throw themselves to the ground 

" The kings of Spain * and of the islands will offer him gifts. The 
kings of Arabia and Ethiopia will bring him offerings. All kings will 
bow down before him; all nations will serve him. He rescues the poor 
who call to him, and those who are needy and neglected. He has pity 
on the weak and poor; he saves the lives of those in need. He rescues 
them from oppression and violence; their lives are precious to him 
Long live the King! May he be given gold from Arabia ; may prayers 
be said for him at all times; may God's blessings be on him always ! .. 
May the cities be filled with people like fields full of grass. May the 
king's name never be forgotten; may his fame last as long as the sum 
May all nations praise him . May they ask God to bless them and may 
they wish happiness for the king 

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(3) Timothy J. Dailey, Amazing Prophecies of the Bible, p. 453-457. 

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(5) Thomas Ice & Timothy Demy, Fast Facts on Bible prophecy, 1997,p. 64. 

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" And when he comes , he will prove to the people of the world that 
they are wrong about sin and about what is right and about God's 

judgment " 
.. 26 : 15 h^y. 

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The helper ( or the Paraclete ) will come, the spirit who 
reveals the truth about God , and who comes from father. I will 
send him to you from the father and he will speak about me " 

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" " From this root, the pretended prophet Mohammed or Mahomet, had 
his name." Sir Hggin says," Here Mohammed" is expressly 
foretold by Haggi, and by name; there is no interpolation here. 
There is no evading this clear text and its meaning .." 

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" The disciples said to Jesus, " We know that you are going to leave 

us. Who will be our leader?" 

Jesus said to them, " No matter where you are, you are to go to James 

the Just, for whose sake heaven and earth came into being ." 

The source : The Five Gospels, by Robert W. Funk, Roy W. Hoover and The Jesus 

Seminar, 1993, p.479. 

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(1) Michael Wise et al, Dead Sea Scrolls, 1996. 

(2) James H. Charlesworth, The Old Testament: Pseudepigraapha, Apocalyptic 
literature, p. 364. 

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(6) The infancy Gospel of Pseudo-Mathew, p. 3 96 in The Other Bible, by Willis 
Barnstone, 1984. 

.15j-a tAkjaiil jb 4^.lla]l i—uSlI j* 2y.lj,-.;il 4I1I2. dUl ^jU^ .la^l jj&i (9) 

(10) Florentino Gaarcia, The Dead Sea Scrolls translated, 2 nd ed., p. 341 



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. 0J ^j The Lost Gospel by Burton Mmack, 1993, p. 229. ^la jJiil (14) 

(15) John Bowker, the Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, 1997, p. 470. 

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(17) Rabbh Ted Falcon, Judaism for Dummies and Herman Wouk, This is my 
God, where both sources indicated that traditionally 3-4 prayers/ day but 
apparently recommended only two ( morning and nightfall). 

(18) The Dead Sea scrolls and the first Christians, by Robert Eisenman, 1996, 
p.lll& 227; also in New Bible Dictionary, (Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale 
House Publishers, Inc.) 1962. 

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(20) Hyam Maccoby 'the Myth maker : Paul and the invention of 
Christianity 1987: page 175. 

Ajlc. Jill ^li^l laa - ( _ s fill *J^ jJaiaJl ^->JJ J,!? ij ^i tllljjii tl -Joi Jc '»■> - (21) 

(22) Life in Biblical Israel by Philip J King and Lawrence E Stager, p. 198- 
199. 

(23) Life in Biblical Israel by Philip J King and Lawrence E Stager, p. 23-22. 

(24) The Essene Gospel of Peace, book four : The Teachings of The Elect, Edmond 
Bordeaux Szekely. 

(25) The Other Bible, by Willis Barnstone 1 984 Ed. 

(26) Lost scriptures: Books that did not make it into the new testament, by Bart D. 
Ehrman, 2003 ed, p.211. 



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(1) The Old Testament: Pseudepig -rapha, Apocalyptic literature, by 
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.68 Sjsij^j Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls t_iu£ (2) 

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(4) from Dead Sea Scrolls Translated,2nd edition ,by Florentino 
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(6) M. A.Yousef, The Dead Sea Scrolls, the Gospel of Barnabas and the New Testament, 
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1) Geza Vermes, The copmlete Dead Sea Scrolls in English, 1997, p 77-79. 

(2) Rabbi Ted Falcon and David Blatner, Judaism for Dummies, 200 l,p.37 1-372. 



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- Good News Bible by the United Bible Societies, 

- Holy Bible Revised Standard Version, 1972 

- Holy Bible: New International Version & 

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.54a- .1989 jUJI jb M* 

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4 1993 

(_g 1%JI (j^a-jll Jjla ill 4-aa.j 4-aiUl] (JaJI jW^j * 
.(_5jAi]l (jjjiaJI ^^ ^LJf"' Sjiuul • 

• Amazing Prophecies of the bible by Timothy J. Dailey, 
David M. Howard 



• Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, by John Collins, 
1997. 

• A short history of Western Civilization by John B. Harrison, et 
al. 

• Bible prophecy made easy, by Mark Water, 1998 ed. 

• Bible prophecy, by Mark Hitchcock, 1999. 

• Byzantium: The Early Centuries, by John Julius Norwiich, 
1988. 

• Dead Sea Scrolls Translated, 2nd edition , by Florentino G. 
Martinez. 

• Dead Sea Scrolls, by Michael Wise, Martin Abegg, Edward 
Cook, first ed. 

• Early Christian Doctrines, by J.N.D Kelly, 1977. 

• Fast Facts on Bible prophecy, by Thomas Ice & Timothy 
Demy, 1997. 

• Great Jewish Revolt: Siege And Destruction Of Jerusalem ( 70 
AD), Josephus. 

• History of the World by J.M. Robert. 

• James the brother of Jesus by Eisenman Robert. 

• Jerusalem by Karen Armstrong. 

• Jesus: One hundred years before Christ, by Alvar Ellegard, 
1999. 

• Judaism for Dummies, by Rabbi Ted Falcon and David 
Blatner, 2001. 

• Messianic Legacy, by Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh & 
Henry Lincoln, 1986. 

• New Bible Dictionary, (Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House 
Publishers, Inc.) 1962. 

• Nostradamus: Prophecies of present times? By David Pitt 
Francis. 

• Prophecy and the biblical prophets, by John Sawyer, 1987. 

• Prophecy by Dewey M. Beegle. 

• Studies in Dead Sea Scrolls and related lliteratures: 
Eschatology, messianism, and the Dead Sea Scrolls, by Graig A. 
Evans & Petter W. Flint in chapter: The expectation of the end in 
the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1997. 

• The Apocrypha, translated by Edgar J Goodspeed, 1959. 



• The Book of Enoch: Aramic fragments of Qumran Cave 4, 
edited by J.T. Milik, with collaboration of Mathew Black, Oxford 
1976. 

• The copmlete Dead Sea Scrolls in English, by Geza Vermes, 
1997. 

• The Dark Side of Christian History, by Helen Ellerbe 

• The Dawn of Christianity: The Essene Heritage by Robert H. 
Bogue.. 

• The Dead Sea scrolls and the first Christians, by Robert 
Eisenman, 1996. 

• The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible, by Martin Abeegg, JR., Peter 
Flint & Eugene Ulrigh. 

• The Dead Sea scrolls deception, by Michael Baigent, Richard 
Leigh. 

• The Dead Sea scrolls translated, 2nd edition, by Wilfred 
Watson. 

• The Dead Sea Scrolls translated, by Florentino Gaarcia, 2 nd ed. 

• The Dead Sea Scrolls, by G. Vermes. 

• The Dead Sea Scrolls, ed. 1996, by Michael Wise, Martin, 
Abegg, J R. & Edward Cook. 

• The Dead Sea Scrolls, the Gospel of Barnabas and the New 
Testament, by M. A. Yousef 

• The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls, James Vanderkam & 
Peter Flint, 2002. 

• The End of the Age by M.J.Agee, 1991. 

• Every prophecy of the Bible, by John F. Walvoord, 1999. 

• The Hidden Scrolls, by Neil Asher Silberman. 

• The Hiram Key , by Christopher Knight & Robert Lomas, 
1997. 

• The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, by Michael Baigent, 
Richard Leigh & Henry Lincoln . 

• The House of the Messiah, by Ahmed Osman, 1992. 

• The infancy Gospel of Pseudo-Mathew, p. 396 in The Other 
Bible, by Willis Barnstone. 

• The Jesus Mysteries. Was the Original Jesus A Pagaan God? 

• The Jewish Bible Tanakah, by the Jewish Publication Society, 
1985. 

• The Lost Gospel by Burton Mmack, 1993. 



• The Lost Books of the Bible, 1926.by Jones- Wake, 1979. 

• The Messiah before Jesus: The suffering Servant of the dead 
sea scrolls, by Israel Knohl 

• The Messianic Legacy, by Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh & 
Henry Lincoln . 

• The Myth maker : Paul and the invention of Chrestiianity 
1987: by Hyam Maccoby 

• The Old Testament Pseudepigraapha, Apocalyptic literature, 
by James H. Charlesworth, 1983. 

• The Old Testament: Pseudepig -rapha, Apocalyptic literature, 
by James H. Charlesworth. 

• The Other Bible, by Willis Barnstone 1984 Ed. 

• The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, by John Bowker, 
1997. 

• The Sign by Robert Van Kampen, ed. 1992. 

• The timetables of History, 3 r Ed. By Bernard Grun. 

• This is my God, by Herman Wouk. 

• Wycliffe Bible Dictionary, Michael Wise, Martin Abedge& 
Edward Cook. 

• The Five Gospels, by Robert W. Funk, Roy W. Hoover 
and the Jesus Seminar, 1993. 

• The Old Testament Pseudoepigrapha, The New Testament 
by James H Charlesworth, 1998 th edition. 

• Life in Biblical Israel by Philip J King and Lawrence E Stager. 

• Israel's Messiah in the bible and the dead sea scrolls by Richard 
S Hess and M Daniel Carroll R. 

• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary On the Old testament, comments 
on chapter 7. 

• Lost scriptures: Books that did not make it into the new 
testament, by Bart D. Ehrman, 2003 ed, p.211. 

• The Nag Hammadi Library, 1988 ed., by James M. Robinson. 

.1991 «( AA^\ CjUjjU Jj^\ \^\ cjlj^iia ) jjjll ^j_c 



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