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HARVARD  COLLEGE 
LIBRARY 


GIFT  OF  THE 

Boston  Library  Society 

July  18,  1922 


\ 


f  . 


* 


•"♦ 


EiE^is^T: 


(V'TJILB  He^W   EjV^   iS  TTKElETr, 


-  -I  -  -    "'  ^  r 


TH  fc 


MONTHLY 


MAGAZINE, 


AND 


BRITISH  REaiSTER, 


PART  I.  1798. 


FROM  JAMVARTTO  JUNE,  IKCLUSIVB. 


y  o  L.  V. 

LONDOiri 
pRiMtEO  PoR  R.  PHILLIPS,  No,  71,       « 

AMD 

Sots  BT  J.  JOHNSON,  No.  72,  St.  Paoi's  Cbvrch  Yard. 

17  98. 


Txn.vi 


P    RE    F    A    C    E. 


W£  flioiUd  charge  ourfelves  with  ingratitude  to  die  Public,  did  we 
fuffer  another  Volume  to  clofe,  without  expreffing  our  warmeft 
a(^knowledgnieiU8  for  a  degree  of  fupport  furpaffing  our  mod  fanguine 
expe£bitious,  and,  we  believe,  unprecedented  in  the  hiftory  of  periodi- 
cal publications  To  have  attained,  within  the  courfe  of  three  years,  A 
SALB  confiderably  fuperlor  to  that  of  any  other  work  rf  the  fame  defignstion^ 
and  equal  to  that  of  any  literary  Journal  in  this  country^  Is  fuch  a  teftimony 
of  the  approbation  of  our  Readers,  as  we  cannot  contemplate  without  a 
degree  of  exultation.  We  will  venture  alfo  to  obferve,  that-— confidering 
the  principles  upon  which  our  work  has  been  condudied,  thofe  which 
were  formerly  thought  charaderiftic  of  a  country,  wiiich  boafts  of  its 
civil  and  religious  freedom — the  fuccefs  it  has  met  with  is  a  pleafing 
prodf,  that  the  caufc  of  liberty  is  not  in  fo  Jcferted'a  ftatc  as  fome  of  its 
defponding  friends  have  imagined ;  and  that,  whatever  raay^be  the  change 
in  the  fentimcnts  of  the  higher  clalTes,  and  the  ignorant  apathy  of, the 
lowed,  the  middle  ranks,  in  whom  the  great  mafs  of  information,  and 
of  public  and  private  virtue  refides,  are,  by  no  means,  difpofed  to  rcfign 
the  advantages  of  liberal  difcuffion,  and  extenfive  enquiry.  We  do  not, 
by  this  obfervation,  intend  to  reprefent  our  work  as  properly  a  political 
one ;  but,  we  know,  it  could  not  be  renihed  by  thofe  who  thinks  that 
the  heft  way  of  preventing  the  dangers  of  innovation,  is  to  check  all 
fpirit  of  improveineni,  to  ftifle  all  refejrch,  and  to  preclude  all  infor- 
mation concerning  foreign  infticuiions  which  might  poflibly  fuggeft 
unfavourable  comparifons  with  our  o\Tn.  It  is,  on  the  contrary,  our 
peculiar  pride  to  have  contributed  to  a  more  extenfi^ve  acquaintance  with 
the  proceedings,  civil  and  literary,  of  otlier  countries,  than  has  been 
ufually  obtainable  from  £ngli{h  publications.  To  continue  to  merit  a 
diflindlion  of  this  kind,  Hiall  ever  be  a  leading  object  with  us.  We 
ihall  fp^rc  no  pains  to  effe6l  it;  and  we  are  happy,  to  announce,  that,  by 
means  oT tome* rie\V* literary  connexions  in  America,  we  ihall  poflefs 
peculiar  advantages  in  prefenting  to  our  Readers,  accounts  bf  the  moil 
intercfling  circumft  '.rc^fi  belonging  to  tiie  United  States. 

Though,^ 


PREFACE. 

Though  we  confider  the  general  plan  of  our  work  as  now  fuIlT* 
fetdcd,  yet  we  (hall  never  be  backward  iii  making  fuch  alterations  or 
additions  as  may  feem  to  be  real  improvements.  A  monthly  article  of 
COMMERCIAL  IKTELLIGENCE  ha^  appeared  to  US  to  be  of  this  kind : 
we  have  lately  adopted  it,  and  hope  to  be  favoured  with  the  affiflance  of 
oar  correfpondents  in  fupporting  i^.  We  confider  as  another  impprtant 
ifflpr6vemcnt,  the  enlargement  of  our  Rctrofpeft  of  Britifli  Literature, 
and  its  extenfion  on  ihe  fame  plan,  to  German,  Spanifhy  and  French 
Literatures^  in  a  future  Supplement  it  will  be  alf6  extended  to  the  North 
of  Europe,  Italy,  and  America. 

We  cannot  too  often  repeat,  that  the  communications  we  mofl 
value,  are  thofe  which  convey  new  and  authentic  information  refpeflin^ 
matters  of  fad,  important  to  the  progress  of  ufeful  knowledge,  and 
tendiAg  to  ameliorate  the  condition  pf  mankind.  Were  all  that  is  partially . 
luiown,  f/eely  thrown  into  the  general  flock  by  reciprocal  difclofure^ 
we  are  convinced  that  more  immediate  good  wPuld  refult,  tbafi  by  pur* 
faing  the  moft  promifmg  vein  of  difcovery.  We  prefume  to  fay,  that 
Ae  extenfive  circulation  of  our  Mifc.ellany  renders  it  a  peculiarly^  fft 
vehicle  Tor  this  purpofe;  and  wefhall  take  care,  by  an  early  infcrtion  of 
fuch  matter,  to  forward  the  views  of  our  correfpondents.  With 
refpcA  to  the  literary  articles  necelfary  tp.make  a  pleafing  variety  in  a 
work  of  this  kind,  as  we  hope  we  have  not  hitherto  been  deficient  in  at- 
tempts to  gratify  our  Readers,  fo  we  (hall  continue,  with  the  aid  of  our 
kind  contributors,  to  make  the  bed  provifion  in  our  power.  We  ac* 
knowfedge,  with  gratitude,  the  cppious  fupply  of  papers  of  thi&  kind 
vn&k  which  we  have  conftantly  been  favoui^ed.  It  has  made  zfekditM 
neceflary,  which  we  have  always  impartially  condufled  according  to 
our  beft  judgmenit  i  our  only  aim  in  this,  as  in  other  parts  of  our  duty^ 
being  to  deferve  the  approbation  of  liberal  and  enGghtened  Readers. 

London, 
Julj  11,  1798. 


Aa 


INDEX  TO  THE  FIFTH  VOLUME- 


A^nmtTUU  wA  H«0Nttdiy,iU«etv 

.ofBooluoo  49S 

Apiciilttinil  Report,  lor  UfiQiry  8 

»■    ■             ^  ■  ■     ■  I     ftbniuf  I5» 

t                                   March  S£$ 

■ April  •  jojr 

i"                     Mtjr  39« 

^UwciiiCh^i  Mr.  hUModc  of  voting  SUps 

^UbcrgatiCapaceilif  Anecdotes  of  106 

America,  Uterary  JnteUigoio^from  371 

*■■  i  -^    > a  Tour  in  |t9 

^Mneuon  Stat^>  Account  of  23 

.  Amfterdam,  Uoole  of  OofreaioD  at,  ^iefcxiM 

Ancienta,  ioiiutcd  by  Milton  84 

taee4«ta^  nUcive  to  Spain  96 

■     'y  original  ^&r  tkifivtrml  Namn-^ 

43riHf  >f  7»  359 

470 

134 

9 

>45 

53 

180 
107 
3*7 
X94 

37 

.359 
465 

180 
•'  Ditt€ton,  on  tlieir  ConduQ  104 

Biiikrupcciaf,  Tabic  of,  ftom  i^fj  ^  1797 

I7Q 

iianif»  W^Uh,  AiPiacimdoa  6pr«Mcftwg  of 

'57 
Bark,  onSobftihirrarfor  -171 

Barber,  Cjptain,  OiftiOfcricf  by-  -373 

Beddoet,  vt.  on  Nitrous  Acid  55 

Beirs  Anatomy ,  Dr.  Parry  on  348 

Benefit  Societic*,  on  4 

Bcneval  Colliery,  an  ingenious  Mode  of  convey- 
ing the  Waggont  there  3'^ O 
Berrurdino  de  KebolledOy  Anecdotes  of  196 
Biblical  Fragment,  a. 
Biondi,  an  Account  of 
Biography,  Review  of  Books  on  ^3 
Bixninghainy  described 

Defence  of 


Anjou  CiAbtgo,  Acconnt^f 
Amudea  de  Chione,  No.  yx 
Aatifuity,  •O'lke  f iMcr^ 
Afanie  L«9guage,  two  Dialers  of 
Aian^Alogy*  AcQOimt  af 
^inftotle,  Wakefield  Qn.a.Pallige  in 

■  ■     «,  Emendation  in 
Aftb9Hie.U.ZQu<b,  Pelbi^on  of 
Afpe^f  00  the  Accent  of  that  Word 
Atnofpherical  Pbnaamanon  at  Bdinlnifgh 
Baobuiy  4efcribed 

Bankruptcies,  Lift  of  fbr  April,  1798 
^  ■■ 'T'  May,  f-^*- 

■  ■  —  June,  —— 
Bank  Voces,  onfeffgodoaes 

•»,  Queries  on  forged  ooas 


Bleaching  Liquor  a  Patent  for  making 
■■  of  Paper,  Patmtfbr 

.  Liquor,  Obfervations  on 


5M 

39\ 
404 

i«7 

49 

3H 


Bohan  Upas,  whether  there  be  fucha  Plant  430 
Books,  proper  for  Charity  Sehools  320 

>         ,  00  Englifh  Verfe  8  3 

■       ■/  proper  for  Charity  Scboolf  S  7 

Botany-bay  Edogne  4I 


BolMical  Infimnatioii  ^jji 

Boolton,  Mr.  his  Patent  §at  raifing  Water  194 
Brewing,  Query  on  j^ 

Brothers,  the  Ptophet,  to  the  Lonl  Chancdkr 

36] 
Bodgeta,  Accovotiof,  ibr  1798  ^| 

Burke,  Mr',  on  the  Learning  of  87 

"  "    Anecdote  of  ^g 

Bute,  Anecdote  of  i/^f 

Cappe,  Mrs.  «n  Obarity  fichoofc  for  Oirlf  3 1^ 
— —  90  Female  Benefit  Societies  S4» 
Caporelli,  Anecdotes  of  20^ 

Carotids, on  the  Compr^lion  of  348 

Catholtcifm,  V^rfes  on  t))e  Abolition  of  367 
Catulus ,  an  Imitation  of  an  Ode  of  no^ 

Chairs*  a  Patent  for  arnking  ^^ 

Charity-fchools,  Books  proper  for  87 

Gharionont-houfey  in  l>^biin;afi  Aeqpiv^  iX^^f 
Cheraiffry,  on  t^e  new  Theory  of  159 

Chemical  intelligence  n^) 

Chinefe  Govemioent  00  the  165 

Circulating  Medium,  on  419 

Clafiical  Literatace,  Review  of  BoolsMyi  494 
Coins,  Obfervations  on,  by  Mr.  Dyer.  16, 54X 
Qolltge  of^France,  Proaeedings  of  58 

<<  Communion  of  S-iinta/*  what  ia  ine^st  by 

that  flxpreflioti  ,  166 

Commene,  Maau&awre^  ^c.  .Report  op  tht 

Sratcof  4S0 

Cottager,  an  Aoco^qt  AfjcnJndfiftriMSilW  jlSI 
Coventry  defaibed  g8 

Coxr,  Mr.  a  M  ifiake  of'bif  cotreClcd  424, 

CroffiweU,  Anec0Qie.of  ^5^ 

Culture  of  Wa(!e  Lands,  on  die  90 

'Cuftva^ian  of  Wafte  L  ind^  on  jtkc  .A69 

Cyvcilioc,  his  Welch  Poetiy  '  J05 

Dtfbt,  National,  reply  to^Ubtp  Wj^lan  0na4) 
.Deity,  Names  of  the  ^<^ 

Defence  of  R.M:  C.  98 

•<  Der»y  Ovmrn,**  Derlvattao^  ^33 

Dialggue  between  Louis  i6ch  and  Carles  rft 

35» 

Dialogue*- writing,  on  the  Difufe  of  25  5 

'  Difeates  in  London,  Account  of,  in  Jamiary    63 

-^— — ^— — — —  February  140 

¥  I'l      March    ^^^ 

'    ■ Aprjl      299 

■    »     ■ n'm.       "May       381 

r  June       4s6 

iJifTrnteiSyoa  Subfciiptioos  among  •  30 

Dtaining,  on      •  159 

-^-^ of  marfhy  Grounds,  Plan  for  7 

Drama,  the  Review  of  Books  of  5q7 

Dr;)niatrc  Compofition,  on  436 

Drefs,  Highland  Ocigin  of  40X 

Dublin,  an  Account  of    <  430 

Dyer.  Mr.  on  Enjjliih  Veiiification  iZ4t  a<>o 
>  —  to  Mr.  Aikin  121 

•  00  Coins  ^42 

50 
509 
167 
Bdoutioa 


£;inh«n.waie,  Patent  for  plating  of 
Education,  Review  of  Books  on 
)f  ducatiu09  on 


INDEX. 


on  a4i 

D|dq|toiHOoafaiiibg  ^59 

{^▼isf  00  Woo4,  Rcfflttka  oa.  iii 
l^ouirer,  tlie.  No.  15 

Inpl.  Eul  of,  Account  of  Sum  4$} 

Mine,  Mr.  oa  the  BouTe  of  Commons  947 

Ijnond,  Dr.  Accooot  of  his  Execution  47^ 
Ititksd,  on  the  Author  of  the  Pgemt  aftrihqj 

to  1S9 

Fables  of  Andqojty,  on  the  9 

Fielding  and  Swift,  a  Remark  refpedini  185 

Foe  Am,  Account  of  3ooks  on  46 

FiPiace,  Review  of  Books  on  484 

Fits^erild,  Lord  Edward,  Account  of  478 

Fhne,  Uc^»  Memoirs  of  416 

Floniig.Dr.  to  Dr.  Furncaux  363 

Flood,  Mr.  Account  of  his  MS          ^  L74 
Foreign  Scientific  Intelligence  and  Litentttre 

53>54*4*3;5*.8 
Fer#eri  John  Reiohold,  Life  .of  403 

Fo*  'er,  Geof^e*  Account  of  361 

Foigeriei  on  i&e  Bank,  how  to  pferent     41  22 
Fnice— /«  PuSiic  Jfnirs. 
French  Litetatiue^  RetrofpcA  of       ^32^  540 
Funds,  Public,  Price  of  146  68 

Carrick,Mr  his  fittth-place  409 

Garnti,  Thomas,  Accou^  pf  a  16 

Ocraan  Literanire,  Half-yearly  Rctrofped  of 

512,512 
'         ■,  on  TranOations  from  the  399 

— -i.  Lkctatiarc,  Account  of  28* 

■  Charaacr,  oh  the  s,  3 

Gibraltar,  a  DeTcription  of  24i 

Glafgow,   ActouQt  'of.  Phllofophical  LeAures 

there  274 

Glofi,  Patent  for  snaking  50 

Godwin,  Mr.  the  Character  of  a  ^radcfinan  de- 

fended  againft  him  4^^ 

■»  on  Engliih  Style,  .examined  12 

Gotdons,  Anecdotes  of  i  24 

Government  of  t  he  Chinefe,  on  the  1 6  > 

Grace  in  Compoiicioo,  on  43^ 

Grafs  .Seeds,  on  the  Method  of  fowing  of     272 
Gray,  Mr.  on  Subftitutcs  for  Barl<  '  271 

<irty»s  ilegj,  Greek  VerQon  of  32 1 

Gicat-Britain — See  Puhiie  Afntri, 
Grounds,  marfhy,  a  Plan  for  drainiog  of  7 

Gypfom,  Ufe  of  as  a  Manure  3 1%  > 

Hear,  Average  of  the  greateft  of  thcYear  1 797  2 
Ueniy  on  Kitric  Acid  88 

Highlaod  Drcfj,  Origin  of  4QI 

Hiftory,  ReView  of  Boeks  on  4?  3.  S '  3 

H  orace,  Traadauoii  of  an  Odt  of  208 

Romeman,  the  TiiivcUaf,  Account  6f        449 
Hoof '-an'i  Tour,  conttnMed  428',  35 

Hoolie  of  Commons^  Mr  Erikine  on  247 ,4 1 8 
Hodothruqibo,  Memoirsof  the  Author  of4i,5 
Ideis,  AbdraA  on  t^  Personification  of  407 
Inoculation,  Gerqnan  Eftabllihmeat  for 
Inda  IS,  WetOi,  an  Inquiry  after 
In^a  Rubber,  Elc«anc  Property  of 
laftitate.  National,  Account  of 

^   ■  ',  Proceedings  of 


Italian^  Account  Afeqin^  ^'s  Ihdi^ 
-*-«— Liteatute,  00-  *      *• 

I*a!y—/*f  PufU  Affa^, 
*<"  ja:k  o'the  Green/'  Origin  of  33* 

^0]ui.oa,  Dr.  a  Doubt  refpe^in^  an  Eflay  of 

J  Sta^fc-coach  Atiecdoteof  him  '  8t 

■    '  Apbthefis  of  Mitton  9  r 

■  Robt.  Sonnet  on  the  Death  of        afr 
fonei.  Paul,  orijnal  Letter  of 

•Ri  ^of  Pruflia,  t*o  Letters  of  the 
^— j^TiM  the  fixth'of  Scotland, 
,  Elicabvch 

» ^lop'^ockr  Anecdorc5  cf 
Laoghanfe,  Mrs.  on  her  A^-fonnmeat 
Language,  Araonic,  two  Dialeds  V 

■  of  Natural  -Hiftory,  on  the 
Lardner,  Dr.  to  Dr.  Fleming 
Law,  Review o'  B^oks  on 
Ledbury  Cana^^^Account  of  the  opehinj 
Leicefterihire,  on  the  Agncultuie  of 

Obfervations  upon 


,  to  <^rj« 


lohn  of  Ravenna,  Account  of 
welaad,  a  To»r  in 


34a 

1.61 

21 

.446 

ICO 


16a 

280 

3^ 
49L9 
3»4 
19^ 
iq; 

34 


Legend  of  Taliefen 

Lethington-houfe,  Account  6f 

Lewis,  Father,  on  the  Cure  of  the  Pligue    9  53 

Litfriog,  Cuf^opd  gf  in  Lancaihire,  inquired  into 

a74 
Lmwood,  Mifs,  Verfes  on  her  Needle-wotk 

187 

Literary  and  Phllofophical  IntelHgence 

51. 131,  a  10,  289,  370,  483,  5aS 
— —  Fecundity,  on  i%$ 

Literature,  GeroMn,  Hal/.yearly  RetroipeO  of 

.Domeftic,  , 

^     .  4»3   5«* 

■■  Foreign^  ■ 

512,528 
*  Ruffian,  Datiilh,  and  German;  Ac* 


count  of 


•  on  the  IriA  and  Sc^ts 

•  Spanidi,  Account  of 
.  on  the  Revival  of 


44i>  Si» 

41a 

214,  5z» 


Lottery,  Evils  from  a  Priae  in  the 

Lupercio,  Sonnets  by 

Maiiiages   and  Deaths,   in  and  near^London, 

in  January  *  ^    - 

■        Fet)ruary  147 

March  225 

■April  3'.^ 

—May  t^7 

— Jure  46,1 

Mathematics  and  Aftrooomy,  Account  «^f*Bov>ks 

op  497, 518 

Matrimony,  on  3^2 

Ma^^bey,  Sir  Jofcph,  Account  of  47?  - 

Mfedicine  a|d  PhyGology,  Account  of  Books  oJi 

500.  519 
Mercury,  an  Experiment  on  the  Ccngelatj  n  of 

-•-9 
MetapHyiics,  Revirw  of  Bo^  on  505 

Metrgnart{^on  defended  r^ 

Milton'slmiia  ions  of  the  Ancients  .    ^. 

'»     ,  Apothcfis^of  '  -it  ♦ 

^Mifceilanies,  Review  of  Books  «f  j  10 

Monument  of' Mrs.  La»gfaao'8<oi»(h«  ^,     ^66  ^ 
Montague,  Lady  Wottley,  00  the  Pabfic^on  of 

Ktt  Letters  '    jaiS 


INDEX. 


IfooBy  Opiiuoa  •t  the  AjidenU  tefpe^Uag  the 

..  267 

M«or,  Ptofefller,  bU  Bi&yoiithe  Greek  Prep»* 

litions  414 

Mountjoy,  Lord,  Account  of  .  479 

JUiificalPublkatiQDSy  Review  of 

^,  136, 118,  a9s,  J75. 4P 

Kttioiul  Inftitute  in  PariS|  Account  of  iti  Pro- 

ceedings  ,191 

Kational  Debt,  on  the  >  77t  4  f  9 

Katunl  Hiftory  and  Phllofophy,  RcTJew  of 

Books  on  495,  516 

■I  Curre^Hon  of  Errors  in 


•»  00  phe  Language  of 


339 
110 


Kecdlety  a  Patent  for  making 

iKewiJMperS,  Rhapfo(Woa  '  5 

Kicolas,  Ane«dotet  of  aSa 

Nightingale,  Ode  to  20S 

Kitrous  Add,  on  86,'  161 
'                  its  E^efts  in  the  Venereal  Dif- 

cafe,  2 
Korthamptonihire,  Tour  through 
>  Account  of 


*77 
191 

213 


Novels  and  Romances,  Review  of  new 
Oak  fiaik,  SubftiCutes  for 
Occurrences,  Provincial,   with  Marriages  and 
Deaths,  in  January  72 

■  February  I49 
■  Match                                    219 

'     ■-        *  April  309 

■  May'  390 
«  June  466 
Oil,  a  Cure  for  the  Plague  253 
OpoCQun^  Virginian,  dcfcrlbcd                      120 

•   Orthography,  on  the  Improvement  of  89 

« 00  425 

Oftend,  attacked  by  the  £(x^1ifli       ^  314 

Pantbeoasy   Qbieivatioiia   on   Publlcatioiu   fo 
called  •  9 

l^arry,  Dr.  on  BeU^  Anatomy  348 

Parlumentary  Proceedings—^*  PM'c  AJfain, 
Paradifc,  vhtrt  fituated  3 

I    FaTport,  frbm  King  James  6th  of  Scotland  j  6  3 
Pannts,j^ew  Account  ol— /r«  tktm  under  ihtje- 
'^r^Htads^  40,  135,  2:7,  294,  374  4^4 
iPijJ  Jones,  original  Letter  of  28a 

■PJiitina,  Experiments  on  i.x% 

I*l»to,  Incredulity  of  his  Atlantic  Hiftory  265 
Pla/s,  leal  an,  Account  of  feme  206 

Foc-s,  compared  with  Difcoveiies  in  Philofofhy 

117 
1^:  try  of  Spain,  on  the  11 

'  II.  Account  of  275 

*— ,  Review  of  Books  on  505 

■'  ,  original,  in  January  40 

'  I  februiry  122 

■  ■    ■  '  March  20S 

•— •       ■:,.'■     April  287 

'      ■■  M^y  367 

■  ■  June  442 
Poland,  Anc<  dotes  of  the  late  King  of  2co 
X^litics,  R^Yiew  of  Books  on  4S6,  5 14 
IPo'icical  EcoooiBy,  Review  of  Books  on  485 
l^niaiowlki,  ^Cingof  Poland,  Account  of  200 
Pniioiechatcal  Society,  Account  of  its  fitting 

Philology,  Re^newofBookson  495 

,Phii4fopheri|  compared  with  Poets  s  1 7 


PhilolbpUical  Le£lures  10  Glasgow  974 

Pinkerton,  Mr.  on  the  rconographia  Scotia  8z 


148 
407 
44$ 

119 

*S3 

95 
28 

28s 


^Pelletier,  Biographical  Notice  of 
P^onilicatioiuof  Abftraa  Ideas  on 
Peroufe,  1^  his  Voyage  publiih«d 
Peru,  Phyiical  OeogFaphy  of 
Plague,  on  Oil,  as  a  Cure  for 
Plagiarifm  agaioft  Mr.  Leflie  confidered 

"  detefted 
Port -folio.  No.  8. 

■     of  a  Man  of  Literature,  extia^  from 
365 

i-  128 

Portraits  of  Illuffrious  Perfons  in  Scodaod,  ac 

count  of  that  work  gi 

prebendaries,  on  338 

PrielUcy,  Dr.  on  the  new  Theory  of  Chemiftry 

■  59 

Prise,  for  a  Medical  Eflay  241 

Printing,  unneceflarv  Expence  in    ,  28 

Problem,  a  Pbilofopnical  one  oropefed  17 

Pruflia,  Letter  of  the  King  of^  195 

Public  Affairs,  State  of^  in  January  6  j 

'     '                                   February  141 

■  March  223 

— — .              April  300 

— May  382 

— — June  457 

Publications,  new,  Lifts  of,  in  January  1798  59 

■  Februray  138 

" March  220 

M                    April  2"j)7 

' Way  377 

— -— June  453 

Punctuation,  on  411 

Purfuits  of  Literature,  Criticifms  on  that  Work 

246 
Pyrophori,  on  the  Inflammation  of 
(fakers,  their  Tenets  explained 
—  on  their  Tenifts 
Ravenna,  John  of,  Account  of 
Reading  Societies,  on. 
Reboliedo,  Anecdotes  of 
Relationflilp,  on  the  Tic  of 
Retrofped)  of  DomelUc  Literature 
Robin,  Veifes  to  a 

Robiion,  Profeilbr,  Mi<^atemenrs  b>'  him 
Rockingham,  Marquis,  a  Bufto  oi  him  . 


20 
aS2 

3*7 

lOo,  ip4 

16 

196 

410 
483*  5»* 

44» 

.  .  43a 

Roman  Coins  found  229 

■■■  '        Helmet  fixund  3 *  * 

^ovaty  taken  by  the  French— j(r«  tuhlic  Affairs 

214 
Ropes,  Patent  for  fnaking  444. 

Rota  Club,  Account  of  the  ^25 

^acramcnt,  the,  an  ancient  JewiA  Rite         406 
Saltpetre,  extraordinary  ColteAion  of,  in  Frafice 

Saunders,  Sir  Edmund,  Anecdote  of  366 

Saxon  Liberty,  on  4' 9 
»  ScKiller ,'  on  ibe  Writings  of                       '  44.0 
Schcol,  an  E^labliflmient  of  a  Country  one  S36 

Scots  and  Irilb  Literature,  on  the  4.1  x 

Ships,  Mode  of  ventilating  of  Z  76 

Siddons,  Mrs.  Vcrfes  on  443 

Siliceous  Incruftations,  on  334- 

Similes,  from  Hoftier,  Virgil,  &C;         '  *  i  * 

'   ■  of  Homer,  Virgil,  and  Milton  187 

Snail^  an  Aoliaal  of  Prey  3x9 


INDEX. 


SMpiPMeBtibrflDakuig  135 

SfMth  OB  Female  Benefit  ooet  240 

Soeuus,  Anecdoreof  ,      364 

Soaf-writing,  oa  4S6 

SoBflctHPn  327 
S^  00  the  Poetiy  of                I  ij  195,  »7 5 

— .  Aaecdocei  reUtire  to  90 

Spaoiili  Utentwe,  Retrofpea  of  52s,  $2% 

■■                         Sate  of  314 

^foagt^legyon  40 

Stadftical  Qiienea  92 

' StiA,  a  young  Oennan»  Account  of  173 

SMckboldcn,  Number  of  41 8 

Swocftond,  Coze*s,  a  Reattrk  on  285 

tobacco,  King  James  on  tiie  \Jk  of  iiS 

Talkfen»  Legend  of  34 

Ta0tion»  00  the  Right  of  %$% 

TAiaant^  Mr.  his  Defence  of  hit  bleaching  Li- 
quor 405 
ThtDology  and  Moials,  Account  of  Books  on  503 
ThompibOy  Dr.  of  Naples,  on  Siliceous  Iiicrufta- 
tioos  334 
Thuoderftonn,  a  remarkable  one  '  i  yt 
Toads  HI  Stones  on  333 
—— —  ■  on  the  Probability  of  258 
*■—  found  in  Stonel,  Doubts  as  to  27 
—*  a  new  Experiment  upon  175 
ToisbuQoo,  a  Letter  fiom  a  merchant  of  242 
Toj]tiDe«a  Cone&ion  in  the  Account  of  1 74 
s.  Inutility  of  87 
Topbdy,  Mr.  on  his  Pofthuoious  Works  172 
Topography,  iteview  of  Books  on  492 
Tours,  Account  of  Buoks  of  492 
—-in  Ireland  17*545 
Tradefmen,  deiended  againft  Mr.  Godwin  416 
Tuke,  Mr.  on  fowiqg  Grafs  Seeds,  &c« '  272 
Tyranny,  Parental,  on  4x1 
Valentbe-day,  Lbies  on  ^  443 
Varieties,  Literary  and  Philofophical,  including 
Notices  of  Works  in  Hand 

51,131,210,289,370,445 
VcQtilaring  of  Shipi,  Mode  of  176 


Venus  (the  Planet)  ieen  at  Noon  414 

Veife^  Engiiih  Books  on  g* 

Vcrfificatioo,  on  the  Engliih  1 14,  269 

Violer,  an  Ode  on  the  ^^^^ 

Virginian  Opoflum,  defcribed  lao 

Volney's  Statiftical  Queries  ^% 

Voyages  and  TraTels/keview  of  Bonks  on  490 
Walpole,  Horace,  his  Letter  on  Grace  in  Com** 


pobtion 


.SirR. 


■  a  Letter  of 
•  Anecdote  of 


Walpoliana,  No  i 

■    ■  % 

: 3 

4 


Wafte  Lands,  on 


the  Culture  of 


43« 
»7» 
«97 
«9 

27! 

356 
436 
90,420 
2^ 
26S 

an 


Waihiogton,  Predi^^n  rehitive  to 
Water»  Patent  Apparatus  for  railing 
Waterpipex,  a  Patent  Machine  for  boring 
Weather  in  London,  Obfervations on,  in  1 797    i 
Webber,  Mrs.  on  Mrs:  Langham's  Monument 

166 
Weights,  00  the  Engli/h  13, 14, 15 

Wel0i  Indians,  Inquiries  relarive  Co      16 J»  257 
■  Poetry,  Specimen  of  105 

— —  Archablogy  445 

Whifton,  Wm.  an  Account  of  2^5 

<  Wieland,  Tianflation  of  a  Poem  of  400 

Wife,  Lines  on  the  Death  of  «  287 

Wiikesi  John,  Efq.  Sketch  of  his  Lift      43, 4S 


Addition  to  the  Account  of 

H 

39 


there 

New,  defcription  of 
IMuitg  Aitth^rtf  ^e.  wkofe  Ndwiet  9c<vr  \n  tkefnUomng  Volume  l 


him 
Wilbech,  Female  Society 
Wolverhampton,  delcribed 
Works  m  Hand,  Notices  of— /m  F^tiet 

51,131,  2X0,  &C. 

Wortley  Montague,  Lady,  Anecdote  of        197 
Wye,  Phenomena  of  the  34) 

York,  an  Account  of  a  Giirs  Charity-fcbool 

.     181 


Aikhi 

297 

Beatibn                 139 

Adduiig 

5«3 

Beddoes^Dr.   85,161 

Allwood 

250 

Bechftcin              516 

Almon 

494 

Bell                       so; 

Ambfofe       136 

,  220 

Beliham         140,453 

Aaoer.    . 

222 

Bellamy                 379 

Aniory,Thot. 

3«5 

Benjoin                 503 

Aoderfbn 

499 

Bennet                    09 

Anftruther 

500 

Beyer                     ^ii 

Archard 

505 

Rtllingney             4^8 

Archef    • 

379 

BlTct,  Dr.             T31 

Arthy 

454 

Blair               86.454 

Atl(inibn 

507 

Blair,  W.                 3 

Atterbifry 

219 

Blaney,  Dr.           505 

Attwood,  J. 

62 

Bode                    517 

AuckUnd,  Lord 

488 

Boettiger                    3 

Anfere 

489 

Booker,  Dr.           506 

iiaam      , 

454 

BofsTMjuet              500 

Baden 

5«« 

Borkhaufen,  Dr.    516 

Baociofc,  Dr. 

3" 

Boucher                504 

BaoUlo 

5«4 

Bourguer,  Dr.        517 

Raring    . 

489 

Bfce,  Dr.               501 

BarimiU,Mrs. 

510 

Bryan,  Margt.  59,498 

Barry            ,38 

1494 

Bryant                  495 

492 

BudwortliV            455 

Buning 
Burton 
Burger 

Bui^efs 

Butler 

Bute 

Campbell 

Cipafclli 

Carpio 

Canick.  Dr. 

tUrlifl*',  can'  ot 

Carvagal 


380 
379 

494 
495 
5«8 
»39 
206 


Cavallo 


496 

48S 

5*5 


Chamber  laine 

Chamock      377, 

Charlefworth 

Chartoo 

Clare,  Eari  of 

Clayroa,  Sir  R. 

Clements 

Coleman 

Collins 

Collins,  Capt 

CoItriJge 

ColSLftl 


1391 5<*^ 


497 
379 
45t 
S05 

222 
484 
2l8 

379 
453 
»90 
8 
138 


Congreve 

Cormick 

Cottle 

Coxe 

Creve,  Dr, 

Croft,  Dr. 

Crofs 

Cumberland 

Cummins,  Mn. 

Corrie,  Dr. 

Daliawa^ 

Dalaiel 

Damiani 

Daubfry 

Dawibn 

Denis 

Devienne 

Donovan 

Dora,  Dr* 

Dowling 

D'Oyley 

Doyle   . 

Druffimond 

Dumouricr 

PuiTck 


494 
»9? 

50^ 
*20,48i 

*4« 

499 

508 


500 
490 
M« 

206 

504 
4^5 
5»* 

375 
'J? 
5'5 
5^9 

5*8 

3«o>455 
tig 


t  tt  b  t  X. 


m 

D^     1x4,  »i,  260 

.'     Stkington  7 

Xcflcne  .    Z4i 

Svsm»  22 Oy  269 

Swing  226 

l^a^cet  210 

Felfowe*  381 
Femandcty  Dr.     514 

Femrt  295>45* 

Kfin  ,    375 

*      fiiRn  13^ 

fitigcnia  22 1 

Borian  456,  50S 

ForAd-  .    377 

ftrdytt^Or.  iie,297 

FHintiid|W.  29; 

Frtncil  4^9 

FrthckrjA  4^^ 

Frij^  499 

Ffctman  49$ 

CuikUe  49S 

Cirdiner  376 

Gimett,  Dr.  501 

Gafktn,  D^.  505 
Gaultier,  Abb<  370 
Geddesy  Dr.      31  503 

Gens  514 

Geifler  518 

GcTtrd,  Dr.  504 
Citfbrd          >3i»4^8 

GH^n  453 

Gifbomi  506 

Gwillim  43^ 
Godwin 

ii,6o,493>35S 

Oddd                '  2XE 

GonJofly  W.  316 

Ooding  517 

GtarfudBy  Dr.  493 

Gray,  Dr.  4*5 

Gregory,  Dr.  210 

Griffith,  Thos.  2% 

Orolmaoy  I>r.  519 

Gtttte  518 

Hilet  379 

Haley  506 

Hanway,  Mrs,  5"9 

Harding  210^ 

Uaittand  378' 

HarnngUMH  Dr.  «io 

Haitier  489 

Hailam  297 

Helme,  Mn.  378 

Hemet  38 1 

HcHhall  299 

Ucioa  494 

Kerrcfchwand  485 

Hewlet  5c6 

HUljSir  Rkhvid  381 


HIndtnbefg  ^tg 

HDltroft      138,  50S 


Mift 

mme 

Ho  jpttf  0r. 

Hornfef 

Hu  ks 

Hud  fen 

Htifdand 

Mushes 

Huilock' 


%^4 
45» 
*3« 

509 

5«>7 
320 
56/ 
488 


Hunter  1^9,210,567 


HumpafC 
Hunttn^fdtdy  Xk. 
Hu(!ey 
Hatchcfbd 
Ii  eland 

Jickfoo        123 
Jontt 

370,  386,  507,  512 
Jourdan,  C.  140,488 
Kant  140, 517 

King  386 

Kinglbury,   298,  4^7 


50; 

17* 

500 

5" 


49< 
50S 

486 
131 

507 


Knight 
Kratter 
Kftig 

Laborie,  Dr. 
JUirtg 
Lamb 

UAdfeer  5 

Laodaff        .1391 4^6 
tangley  490 

Latham,  Dr.         502 
•1         Mr.         509 
Lauderdale,  Eari  of 
4«4 


Lewii 

Lee,  Mifs 

Lcybourn 

Li  Iter 

Lloyd 

Loder 

Loflfc 

Loxdale 

Lyibos 

Mackay 

Maekcnaie 

Makay 

Mallet,  da  Paa 

Mangelfdorff 

Mangourit 

Marcus,  Dr. 

Manriot 

Ma(bn 

Mathiibn 

Mefurier,  Le 

Meafel 


508 

220 
489 
507 
377 
3*4*  443 
172 

14^490 
221,512 

221 


Miliier 
Mitchell 
Moira,  Earl 
Moiini 

Monboddo,  Lord 
Monroe 
Moody,  D^; 
Moore 


22 1 

488 
5«J 
«33 
520 
500 
379»49* 
5" 
488 
518 


*9«*453 
377 

505 

»39 
506 


Mafctoa  MO 

M«fer  508 

Mould!  119, 453 
MafWbray  4I7 

Mottroe  489 

Mwhird    '^         51^ 

^^IV^y  59»«3»>493 
Nailer  5lt 

Naflk  140 

Nayr,  M.  492 

Kidnla.  490 

JJcholuwi  377 

Ny-mcyert  5*0 

Nitfch  50s 

Noble  4<,4 

NO'ihipore  2to 

Ofd  499 

Ofthf  5^5 

OuFcl^  497" 

Pallds,  Dr.  499 

Parfolis,  MM.  22t 
V»\A  483 

Park,  Mttngo^  Mr. 

44^ 
Parkins  247 

Peacock  4W 

Peart,  Dr.  50* 

Piticington  13S 

— JSffi.    510 

Pitt,  Morton  486 
Plefmann  516 

Pleydell  221 

Plaocquet,  Dr.  519 
Plomptrec,  Miia  509 
Potnt  .   132 

Pblwbete  493, 506 
P^all  554 

Price  221,510 

Prieftley^Dr.  160,496 
Prieft  138 

Proby  378,  506 

Pulltr  500 

Pye  506 

Raaby  911,487 

RaAleigh  495 

Reeve  1389*95 
Reil  -519 

Relfe  137 

Relph  221 

Reanel,  Dr.  2 

Reynold  508 

Robioibn,  Mrt. 

291,  508 
Rogers  506 

Rolfe  451 

Rofenmilier  520 
Rorb  516 

Rudi,Dr.  371 

KaM,  Dr.  49^ 

Saloe  527 

Salmon  509 

2iander(bn  136 

SaunnareB  502 

Sionders,  Mrt.  510 
Schioser  513 

Seyer  378 

SchiUef  514 

Schkvrt  516 


scMMTi  HP*     s^9 

^Idrafce  9§%sn 
ShfepBerdi  Or.  509 
SimpMi  •«« 

Sinclair,  Sir  Jafe*  49^ 
Stnee  50i- 

Ssiith,  Dr.  3f7>  4f^ 
SomnKTiog  5  if 

SoiBefyttle,  Dkt  %f9 
Sotheby 


Soucbey 

apcnortn 

SjpreD^I 

Sackhoufe 

Starkd 

Scaumen,SirO. 

Stctbelt 

Stieglitt 

StockdalCfMUii 

^art 

Starte 

Taylor,  Thoi. 


4o« 

5t# 

»3* 

sit 

520 

389 
ti 

37« 

5 
«9i 

219 

3H 
4SS 

493 

455 

4S5f456 

37? 


5«6 

4«4 
18 


— ,R; 

Tidd 

nilock 

Thelwdl 

Toraicli 

Tooke 

TouUnfai 

Tomttba 

Tucket 

vndcr#odd.  Dr. 
Ulkri,  Dr. 
Valancy^  Qdi. 
Vega  5 

VelaTqaes  525 

Volney  25,  9% 

Waddiogtoa  486 

Wigner  52 1 

WaktfeU 

84,239,32s»4gy 
Wailis,  Dr.  |0» 

Walcot,  Dr.  494 

Waldran  50* 

Walker  ,•99* '5^ 
Warner  1^  292,49* 
Warton,Br«  jp% 
Ware  goft 

Watkma  50* 

Webfter  510 

Wteland  gM»  g^^ 
Wikocke  4St 

Wilberfbrct  fOf 

WiUich,Dt.  50g,40» 
Wilmot  S^i 

WiUiania^Mafa 

I^I,  222,453>^t 

>  Dr.         5MI 
Willan,  Dr.  sff 

Winchelfea»Loid4a9 
Yodce  480- 

Young  48(9  5<* 

Zach  S^ 


Far  lUmarkMbU  Pafoai  itetafeti^  fit  (hi  Ufi  F^t  tfiht^Voltmt. 


*k» 


MONTHLY    MAGAZINE. 


XXVIL] 


For  JANUARY,  1798. 


[Vol.  IV. 


Aftia  days  fine f  mias  fubll/hed  (price  One  SbilUng)  the  supplementary  Number^ 
cmpkting  the  Fourth  Volume  of  this  Ifork,  The  Articles  contained  in  it  are  con- 
ceivedto  he  highly  'vaJuahk  andiuterefting  j  among  tbemare  tbefo/lo'wing ;—  i .  The  baf 
yearly  RetroB>^  of  the  State  and  Progrefs  ofDomeflic  Literature, —%,  4  cvrims  Tranfla-' 
timfrom  PlatOj  ty  Mr  Taylor,  on  the  Atlantic  Hiftory  and  on  the  State  ofAthens^ 
nine  thoufand  Years  priof  to  Solon^  ivbicb  has  ne*ver  befoi^e  appealed  in  any  moderm 
Language \ — 3.  Experiments  dn  Prjffian  BbUf  by  M.Proust  J—-4.  Mr,  Richter 
onnecmary  Comte^wt ;— 5,  On  Exchanges  ^ — 6.  Pfoportion  of  Light  from  Combufti" 
^/(e5fl&j,^J.H.HASSENFRATZ} — ^ .LaL AWE* sHi/ioryof  A fironomvffr  ty^6  ; 
'"%.the  Medals  of  the  Trench  Revolution,  ^c."^.  Description  of  tie  Martne  School  at 
Amfterdami — 10.  Lrves  of  Vandermonde  andFlandnn\ — 11.  Account  of  the  Perfm 
ivbo  commtted  Suicide  at  Eriftol  j— x  1 .  Conck^on  of  Mathematical  ^ftions,  €fr.  (^Cm 
With  the  Title  and  Indexes  to  the  Foiume, 

The  four  Volumes  may  no-iv  therefore  be  had  eompUSef  if  every  EoohfeUer^  price  Oni 
Pound  Nine  Shillings,  neatly  half  bound,  ^ 


For  the  Monthly  Magazine, 

Obsbrvatioks  on  the  Weather 

IN  London  in  1797. 

THE  tbei-mometer,  hung  out  of  the 
window  of  a  room  in  the  firft  floor, 
with  a  north-weft  expofure,  gave  the  fol- 
lowing averages  at  nine  in  the  morning : 
January  38$  July  66 

February  35I .  Auguft  63^ 

March  39  J  '  '  September  56,^ 

April  48^    •  Oaober48| 

May  52!  November  41 J 

June  59  December  42 J 

Average  of  the  year,       49! 

That  of  the  year  1 796  was  497, :  (6  that 
the  difference  of  heat  in  the  two  years  con- 
ilfted  almoft  (blely  in  the  diftribution,  not 
in  the  fun.  In  x  796,  the  firft  months  were 
warmer,  the  middle  of  fummer  cooler, 
and  the  end  of  the  year  more  frofly,  than 
in  1797.  With  relpe£l  to  heat,  the  year 
1797  oflfers  little  remarkable,  except  that 
February  was  colder  than  March,  almoft 
as  cold  as  January ;  and  that  December 
was  warmer  than  November.  The  excefs 
of  July  above  June  is  alfb  fomewhat  un- 
commoa.  The  ivetnefs  of  1 797  has  been 
the  moft  obfervable  circumftance  attend- 
ing it,  in  which  it  has  furpafled  all  the 
years  for  a  confiderable  period.  As  no 
aftual  meftfurement  of  rain  has  been  taken 
by  the  prefent  writer,  he  'can  only  give 
the  loofe  refult  of  his  daily  obfervations 
on  the  ftate  of  the  weather.  From  thefc 
it  appears,  that  the  four  firft  months  of  the 
year  were  by  no  means  unusually  wet. 
February,  on  the  contrary,  was  uncom- 
mcnly  dry;  but  fog  was  confiderably  prc- 
Talenf  in  it  and  die  other  cold  monchf. 

MOHTBLT  Mag.  No.  XXV, 


May  began  with  much  rain;  but  be« 
came  fine,  with  a  high  degree  of  heat,  in 
its  advance ;  and  ftrong  Hghtning  was  aa 
earlier  occun'ence  than  ufual  in  it.  June 
was  very  variable:  it  had  a  fufficient 
niiniber  of  fine  days  to  engage  the  fkrmer 
in  cutting  down  all  die  grais,  which  the 
preceding  month  had  brought  to  unufuai 
ranknefi  of  growth,  but  hi^  alfo  fuch  al- 
terations of  heavy  rain,  that  hay-making 
was  a  very  diificult  and  uncertain  bun- 
nefs.  July  had  great  heats  and  fome  tre- 
mendous  thunder :  it  was,  oh  the  whole> 
a  tolerably  fair  month  j  but  ^-as  liable  to 
occafional  ftorms  of  wind  and  rain,  which 
did  much  dan>age  in  beating  down  the  * 
com,  which  from  the  length  and  thick* 
nefs  of  its  ftalk,  was  ^erally  unable  to 
recover  itfelf.  Auguft  afforded  very  un- 
favourable weather  for  getting  in  the  hari 
-  veft.  Its  nights  *were  for  tne  moft  part 
rainy,  and  prevented  the  benefit  of  many 
drying  days.  September  began  pretty  • 
fair,  but  ended  rainy.  One  perfe^ly  hiX 
week  in  the  beginning  of  OAober  was  the 
whole  of  the  ufual  Michaelmas  fummer* 
The  reft  of  the  month  was  warm,  and 
variable.  Cold  and  wet,  and  warm  and 
wet,  were  the  refpeflive  charafters  of  No- 
vember and  December,  with  oCcaiional 
tempeftuous  weather,  fog,  and  an  uncom- 
mon motftui'e  in  the  atmdrphere,  even 
when  it  did  not  rain.  The  prevalent 
winds  in  the  whole  latter  part  of  the  year 
were  from  the  fouth  ancf  weft  quarters. 
If  a  northerly  y^ind  one  day  gave  an  ap- 
pearance of  the  fetting  in  of  winter,  a 
change  en  the  next,  railed  the  ttmpen^ture 
of  tht  w  to  autumnal  wanntb>  and  co- 
3  ymi 


i  jbr.RenneUon  tbePurfuiis 6fLiUraiure.„.Mr.tlair  qh  ifitrmiAcii^^^ 


tered  the  fky  with  clouds.  Hie  year 
clofed  with  remarkable  mtldrfefs,  and 
iinnter  could  not  be  laid  yet  to  hare  com- 
taenced  its  reigA.  J.  A. 

Tw  the  Monthly  Magazine. 
Average  o^  the  crevtest  Heat 
o^  THE  Vear  1797.    The  OB«kR- 

VATI05fS    BEIHG    TAKEN    AT    TWO 
O'CLOCK  IN  THE  AFTERNOON,   AT 

•  Norwich.    The  Thermometer  fitu- 
ated  the  fame  as  laft  Year. 


4ii      Qth      at   32^  »Dck    at  49^ 
eb.       43*      8th  35       »<*         5» 

'arch   45  — ^Some  oWerrations  beln^  loit| 
not  exadly  knowA. 


494      ^th 
July^     68;        3d 

^  Ms*«3 

.59f    a^ib 

i6€b 

floTe]ii4  45^    a4th  . 

43I    xixW 


April 
May 

Angttft 
Septesii 
Mtober  51  ; 


i5tfa 
a5th 

17th 
8cb 

43  f  ft  to  5th 

35   6»7,  &8 

37     17  &19 


4» 
45 

t 
5« 


60 

7» 
67 
59 


Avfcrase  of  the  yearr  52^ 
JKottsft  day,   July  I7»  at  8i<^  wind  S.  W. 
Coldeft  day,  Jan.  Q    -    32   -   -   N.  E. 
From  a  comparifon  of  fhe  a!)ove  vntft 

Rt  obiervations  inTerted  in  the  Monthly 
agazine  for  Jan.  1797,  it  appeais,  t!iat> 
iotwithftanding  a  great  variation  in  parti- 
cular months,  the  avenipe  of  the  whole  year 
i797  differs  but  J*  irom  that  of  1796, 
which  was  5a  J.  The  months,  J anairy, 
j^pi-il,  June,  Auguft,  September,  were 
polder  in  1797  than  in  the  yeai*J)i-ecedingf 
the  other  months  were  hotter  in  a  greater 
i*r  lefs  decree.  Jirly  17th,  17^7,  was  6* 
Jiigher  than  Jul)*  15th,  1796,  but  the 
thermometer  never  funk  fo  low  as  in  fome 
of  the  days  pi-ecediog  the  Chrl(lnu!>  of^ 
»796'  .  ■       ^^>-      • 

For  the  Motttbty  Magasdne. 

BR.  RENNELL  having  feeh  in  the 
Monthly  M fteazine,  a  public  Bien- 
tion  of  a  report  of  his  being  concerned  in 
"ihe  Pmfuks^LHtfatitre,  is  ncrfeaiycon- 
jrinccd  that  the  Editors  wiU  have  the  juf- 
tict  to  contradict,  tromhim,  inthemoft 


rotUE^ShrtftbeMmUii^Ukiihm. 

SIR, 

IT  i»  well  kiiowtt  th«*  many  medical 
men  have  beea  lately  en^ged  ii>  mak- 
ing ocperioients  to  afccrtam  ^Hlir^er»  or 
not,  thQ^vinereal  Jijeafij  m  all  ks  com> 
plicated  fbfms^  can  be  racUciiliy^ured  by 
medicines  conuining  a  lar^  pi:oportio]b 
of  oxygen,  or  vital  aif  $•  Rnd  &a|tifular1y 
by  means  of  the  nitrous  acid  ioA  oxy. 
genated  muriate  of  por-ai}i. 

The  veiy  refpe^able  teftimoflies  vAdth 
have  already  appeared  iH  laVour  of  thcfe 
remedies,  and  the  mild  as  weUat  expedi- 
tioire  manner  In  which  they  are  faid  ta 
operate,  haVe  ixldoce^  me  to  give  them  a 
fair  and  unprejudiced  tria^,  in  a  ghit 
variety  of  cafes  j  and  alfo  to  iolicit  the 
comi^unications  of  other  gentlemep  i» 
London^  who  hate  had  opportunitIe&  of 
exhibiting  them  :>  but  1  am.  torry  to  ob-^ 
ferve,  that  om*  experience  obliges  noe  to 
differ  ii^  opInias»  iroin  thoic  MylTcian^ 
and  fuk-geons  who  have  rai^  qpt^  cx« 
pecHtions  on  thi«  lubjis^. 

This  diver fity  of  opinion  being  foMid^ 
fd  on  a^ual  obfervation,  and  Dot  on  any 
preconceived  notions^  has  emboldened  mc 
to  uie  the  6-eedani,of  circulating  a  m-ioted 
kttey,  to  recommend  the  tiiai  of  toe  xiew 
medicinea  in  advanced  ftaecs  of  the  dlf- 
eaie)  where  'well  marked  mtcbes^  usdei^ 
yi<erated  fancest  osc^nuf  and  ftUr.  ekn.-^ 
rtUieriftk  Jyt^tams  of  a  gentim  £fplnBf 
apfe^irs  fmce,  in  thefe  sales  only  can  vpe 
be  fuljy  aflured  that  the  fyphtlitic  poiibn 
exifis  in  the  conftitution,  and  Indubitably 
requires  the  adainlUcation  of  an  oad-vc^ 
nereal  medicine. 

The  moil  judicioas  prafntioneny  and 
thofe  of  the  laige^l  expcncnce»  are  ready 
to  confefs,  that  although  it  be  ufually  ad- 
viieable  to  givw'  mercmy  in  recent  ftage» 
of  the  veneiieal  dileale,  with  a  view  to 
prevent  the  farther  progrcfs  ot  the  fytnpw 
toinsy  or  the  occurrence  of  a  cooHmaed 
lues  venerea^  yec,  in  very  many  fuch  in- 
ftances,  the  patients  would  efcapc  and.  re- 
cover their  health,  by  a  proper  plan  of 
treatment,  witliout  tlie  uic  of  mercury  s 
and,  notwitl\ilanding  this  fa$  may  be 
denied  by  fome  fpeculative  perlons^  it  is 


rd3ftili6i  pointed  manner,  fo  groundleis  and 

injurious  a  report.     In  no  part  of  that  ^ too  well  authenticated  for  vt^  to  reft  the 

;piiadudion   had   Dr.  Rennell  the  moft    proof  of  an  anti^vcncft^l  remedy  foUfy,  or 


;«iftant  co-offeration.  Satirical  writing  of 
*«*cv7kind,  particularly  of  ?ji  amnfmous 
aactme,  is  perfc6lly  alien  to  hi^  habits  and 
-occupations. 
-   Dr.  REiiNBLL'wUl  coiifi4er  the  mfi^- 
'  tion  of  this  declaration  in  their  next  Ma- 
gazine as  a  coniiderablc  obligativa  €9A» 
&rred  upon  him  by  the  Editors 
^'f%  15»  1797» 


e<ven  cbUfy^  on  it^  efficacy  to  remove  the 
primary  Ivmptoms.  All  dedufUons  from 
fuch  premifes  muft,  therefore,  be  extrem^y 
^dlactous  and  queftionable. 

I  have  taken  the  liberty  to  trouble  you 
with  theie  curfory  hints,  for  the  attention 
of  mtdical  men  in  the  countrv,  in  hope» 


,y^J  Aft/laUnunts  rfJPr^^cr  Rdfifin  ditfmdf,..SiU  ofFfir^Mfu    | 


iBy«iftlag«riae:  and!  brg  J«yt,  at 
therame  tiiae,  to  fuegeft,  that  \t  is  my 
iflrcDriao  to  pmWiih  W  re&lt  of  my  cji^ 
peninentsagidffnqulnec,  (oniierthe  title 

iafe^')  logetlMr  with  fach  obierwdonii 
and  ca^s  4S  1  may  behoi)oured  with  fran^ 
trhtf  pra^itioner*. 
Great  K^d'Btnet,  W.  Blajz 


Jt^t^lDcpt^  contauied  in  the  book  before^ 
mentioned,  may  obtain  the  requifite  In- 
formation, by  applying  to  me. 

Augustus  Boettiger. 
Counfeiior  of  th^  Upper  Cpnfiftoiyi 
andProvoftofthe  Collegp       . 
tfeimar,  i>  Sax&njf     pf  Weimar, 


D 


Tdlie  Mim^  of  the  MoHttif  M/^aziffe. 

SIR, 

A  LATE  ptiblkation>  entitled  Proqft 
9f  a  ComJ^ir^tcf^  6fr.  b>  Profcffor 
Rob  I  so  If,  has  ey  cited  my  great  topcixe; 
jiad  lamat  alofs  to  coirceivehow  circum* 
ftaneef,  long  ago  buried Inobiivion^  could, 
tnthout  making  any  farther  enquiry,  be 
/Tprefented  as  (Ull  exiftingi  by  the  author 
of  abooX^  which  tends  to  ftlgmatize  ibme 
of  tbettioft  irfpc^hible  chara£teF>  in  Ger- 
many.     From  the  beginning  of  1790^ 

.  EVERVdCTKCERN  OF  THE  Il^LUMINA- 

Ti  HAS  CEASED,  and  no  Lodge  of  Free- 
ma^»  IB  Germany  has,  fmce  that  period, 
taken  the  lea0  notice  of  them.  ■  Evident 
proofs  of  this  aflertion  are  to  be  ibv  od 
^Riong  tbe  papers  of  Mr.  Bode,  lote 
Privy  CounMlor  at  Weimar^  who  vra»  «^ 
^he  hedd  of  that  Order  in  this  patt  of 
GefTQany,  atid  who  diM  In  1794.  After 
lis  deatli,  all  thofe  papers  were  delivered 
up  tothepre/ent  DvKs  of  ^ake-Gotha, 
who,  «n  applwatton,  woidd,  do^btiefs, 
p«:ratttlieifiijpeAionofthem.  The  league 
of  Dr.  Baithf  Ipiown  to  Mr.  Robifon 
only  fi«m  tie  Amuds  ofGi^en^  a  very  ob- 
icure  periodical  publication,  was  a  phan- 
torn,  which  no  fooner  appeared,  than  it 
was  laid  atid  deftroyed  by  Mr.  Bode  him- 
fdfj  who  printed  a  pamphlet,  entitled, 
M9te  lUmarks  than  Text,  which  ibon 
opened  the  eyes  of  th^  public.  TWs 
league,  a  poor  financial  fcheme,  was 
planned  l>y  a -man  of  raoi9«  genius  than 
prineiple,  bui  9r^<zvr  carried  mto  execu- 
tion. '  Tliis  apuears  from  the  papers, 
wiitted  thving  the  whole  of  the  tran'&c- 
tion*  whleh  Ming  bequeathed  to  me  by 
*  Mr.  Bi>de,  are  now  !n  my  pofleffion,  and 
true  tnmibripts  of  ^lem  may  be  obtained 
by  any  one,  who  wiihes  to  recerve  tJiem. 
Although  I  was  not  a  member  of  that 
fociety,  yet  I  was  Intimate  with  Mr. 
Bode,  and  pne(ent  at  hi«  death ;  confe- 
quently  I  am  enabled  to  vouch  foiemnly 
for  t^  truth  of  the  aboye  ;  and  to 
<^^i^  '^t  ^y  perfoo  in  Great  Bri- 
**mp  WhOiM^i|}«iM4at«lie«iZQnems 


For  the  Moatbfy  MagaxtMe* 
^^ANVILLE,  in  his  Geogcapbkal 
Mcvaoiv'VEuphrate  &  ie  Tigre,  pagr  " 
14,  «has  indicated  to  the  caft  of  Koha,  or 
£dei&,  a  traft  of  country,  elevated  aod 
beautiful,  which  now  bears  the  naoit  of 
Eden.  Thisdlftri£i  lies  in  the  center  of 
the  lands  included  between  the  Tigris  an4 
th^  Eu|^u*ates.  At  its  foot  ari&s,  on  the 
eafternfide,  the  river  Mygdonlus,  oawhicl^ 
are  Qtuate  the  towns  ot  Nefibis  and  Sin«> 
jar;  and  on  the  weftern  dde,  the  river 
Chaboras,  onwhkh  are  (ituate  the  towns 
of  Refain  and  Thallaba.  Thefe  two  ri- 
vers now  unite,  and  fall  into  the  Eu- 
phrates at  Kerkiiich ;  but  neither  of  then 
appeariF  to  purfue  its  ancient  courfe,  the 
Mygdonlus  having  orisinaliy  £Qwed, 
amid  the  dry  ravine  called  Tirtar,  whicK 
ro«:ts  the  Tigris  above  Hatra}  and  thcf 
Chaboras  amid  the  dry  ravine  called  Se- 
baa,  which  meets  the  Euphrates  below 
Ofara. 

What  forbid§  our  fuppofing  this  Edes 
to  have  been  in  the  contemplation  of  the 
author  of  the  iecond  chapter  of  Genefis  f 

Dr«  Geddes,  inhisnote  on  thepaflagp 
(11.  14,)  admits,  that  by  Hiddeiel  is 
meant  the  Tigris,  and  by  Perath  the  Eu- 
phrates :  with  the  other  two  rivers  only 
he  is  embarraJQTed,  and  at  length  fixes  on 
the  Araxes  and  the  Oxus,  which  travel  t9 
the  Cafpiaa  and  Euxine  ieas. 

The  Phiibn,  however,  is  faid  to  bomid 
the  land  of  Havila,  where  there  is  gold. 
Mow,  a  confiderable  ftretch  of  the  Mvg- 
donhis  is  yet  called  Al  Havali,  and  time 
retains  obvious  traces  of  the.  name  and. 
contiguity  of  that  province,  which  may 
well  have  extended  a»  far  ibuth  as  the 
mouth  of  the  Zab>  a  ftream  celebrated 
for  its  gold. 

Of  the  name  Gihon,  ho  traces  are  in- 
deed to  bedcte^ed  along  the  banks  of  the 
Chaboraa ;  but  this '  river  is  faid  to  have 
boundedthelandofCuih.  {jfow,  the  land 
of  Cufh  (Genefis  X.  jy)  comprehended 
the  five  fubdivifions  or  townflups  of  Seba;^ 
Havila^,  Sabtha,  Raamah,  and  Sabtfaar 
chab*  Safa  and  Zabdicena,  (or  Gexirat) 
on  Ae  weftenibank  of  the  Tigris,  appear 
emdantly  topreierre  the  names  of  Sabthab 
and  Sabdiecbah«    Sdja*  with  the  prefix 


Benefit  Societies. ...Prnfenthn  of  Sank  Forgery. 


[M 


Bn,  or  Ain,  Indicating  fountains,  may  I  further  beg  leave  to  hint,  thati  thini; 
pofiib(y  have  g'lven  origin  to  the  name  of  the  reduflion  o^thc  allowance  to  one  ftiiU 
Nciibis  t  hut  it  is  far  more  probable  fome  .  ling  per  week,  if  a  member  lies  flck  more 
deferted  place  contiguous  to  the  dry  ra-  than  fix  months,  feems  wididrawing  t^o 
Vine,  yet  called  after  it  Sebaa.     Havila    aid  when  moft  needed,  as  it  is  probabie 


was,  no  doubt,  fituate  in  the  pt-ovince, 
and  on  the  river  of  the  fame  name,  and 
Jhould  be  fought  nearer  to  its  mouth  than 
to  its  head,  becaufe  the  names  of  rivers 
conimonly  afcend,  being  fil-ft  impoftd 
where  they  are  jnoft  coimderable.  The 
name  of  Raaoiah  may  with  faint  proba- 
bility be  imagined  in  Aaraban,  between 
Itdais  and  Thallaba.  If  thefe  indica- 
lions  be  put  together,  it  will  follow  that 
the  land  of  CuSi  nearly  anfwered  to  the 
msdem  province  of  Diarrabia,  iince  it 
contained  five  of  the  cities  therein  fituate : 
5n  a  word,  that  it  was  the  di(bri£l  com- 


the  allowance  of  four  fhillings  per  week 
will  not  firequently  fuppcrt  a  fick  prt-fon, 
and  pay  ail  expences  of  medicine  and  at- 
tendance ;  ana  if  the  extra  c^ence  is  to 
be  paid  out  of  the  neceffaries  of  the  fIck 
peifon,  is  there  not  reaion  to  fear  fuch  per- 
fon  mav  be  left  to  great  want,  and  one 
grand  oefi^  of  fuch  inftitutions  |oft,  viz. 
a  fupport  in  old  age  or  inability  to  labour. 
-* -Several  inftanccs  have  lately  be«n  men, 
tioned  in  the  papers  of  different  Ftiendiy 
Societies  fuppoiting  fome  of  the  aged  and 
infirm  members  for  feveral  years,— But, 
although  I  take  the  liberty  to  give  thefe 
prcheaded  between  the  Tigris  and  the  hints,  I  do  it  with  fome  degree  of  diiH- 
Charboras)  and  confequently  that  the  dence  and  great  deference  to  thoferefpeflr 
Chaboras  is  the  Ghion  which  bounded  able  characters  who  have  inftituted  and 
•the  land  of  Cufh.  promoted  the  Societies  in  queftion,  who 

The  four  rivers  of  Paradife  appear  then  having  made  obfervarions  upon  their  ef* 
tto  httve  been  tl^  Euphrates,  the  Chabo-  feCts,  will  better  judge  of  the  propriety  of 
ras,  the  Mygdonius,  and  the  Tigris.         fuch  regulation  than  I  can  do. 

It  is  ftrange,  that  the  garden  of  Eden  I  beg  leave  to  obfenre  further,  in  addi- 
flwniid  vot  oftener  b^  mentioned  by  the  tion  to  the  hint  I  gave  in  your  Magazine 
«arly  writers  of  the  Jews.  Except  in  an  -for  September,  that  a  complete  trial  of  one 
Indecifiv*  pai&ge  of  Deuteronomy,  a  book  of  thefe  focieties  could  not  be  made  in  lefs 
«i^ich  Aems  to  have  been  written  during  .  than  forty  years,  that  my  calculation  went 
the  captivity,  (XXIX.  i^)  umier  Hofhea,  upon  the  ground  of  the  allowance  not  be- 
no  alkifiens  to  it  occur^  until  about  the    ing  lefTen^  in  fo  mat  a  propoitron  to  a 

pffl^iod  of  the  Babylonian  conquefl.    Was ' •• :Jl^  it_  _   i — A!-.^r..i. 

the  account  at  that  time  new  to  Jewiih  li- 
terature? 


?e/ir  E^tor  •fibe  Monthfy  Magascbie, 

T  AM  much  gratified,  andimich  obliged, 
A  by  the  account  Mrs.  Cathahine 
C  A  P  P  E  has  giftn  in  your  Magazine  fbrNo- 
vember»  of  the  (ucceft  that  ku  attended  a 
female  benefit  club }  and  I  think  thofe  who 
founded  or  promoted  fttch  an  inftitution^ 
are  entitled  to  public  regard.  I  beg  leave, 
through  your  Magazine,  to  throw  out  a 
kintor  two,  which,  I  humbly  apprehend, 
might  be  improvements  upon  thefe  excel- 
lent inflitutions.  In  the  firft  plaee,  I 
Ihould  recomroendf  that  in  fuch  focieties. 


member,  who  might  lie  a  long  time  fick, 
as  is  the  cafe  ;n  the  Berwick  ^cicty ;  ne- 
verthclefs,  I  am  ftill  of  opinion,  ttiat  no 
fociety  of  the  kind  can  have  had  a  fair  trial 
in  lefs  time,  as  many  years  muft  elapfe, 
after  fuch  an  inftitution  is  formed,  beio/e 
it  tan  have  any  old  members  belonging  to 
it,  therefore  not  fubjcft  to  thofe  expences 
which  fall  moft  heavy  on  the  funds  of  the 
fociety,     I  am,  Sir,  your  humble  fervant, 

J.K. 


T§  tbi  Edifr  rf  the  Monthfy  Magazine. 

SIR, 

ACorrefpondcttt  of  your's,   who  fub- 
fcribes  \i\mk\S  *^  A  Sufirer  by  for- 
gery t^^  has  cxprcffed  a  wifh  to  be  informed, 
whether  the  Direftors  of  the  Bank  of 
on  any  iem^ie  marry ingi  a  finall  Ann  of    England  have  refufed  u.  plan  for  prc?vent- 
fixpence  per  i^uaiter,   or  whatever  fum    in^  the  for^ry  of  Bank  notes  ;  "apian 


may  be  thougiit  adequate,  fhail  be  paid, 
in  addition  tp  the  fonder  fubfcriptioti,  in 

.  order  to  raife  ^  fund  for  allowing  mar- 
ried women  ibmething  in  child-bed  %  fup- 
pofi:,  ten  fhillings  wd  fiypence  for  the 

*  «|oath,  and  in  caie  they  are  not  fuUy  re- 
covertjJ,  two  OuiHngs  per  week  during 

the  remainder  of  their  ilmefs,  unlefs  fucK  ^         ^ 

(bbfeauent.illneisis.amongft  thcfiuinbfr    1^^  heard  ibmethtne  refpeftinff  tne  plan 

.|piX>vided  fof  by  the  rul^Sf  P^fffi 


wmch  wouU  not  only  have  rendered  forge- 
ry more  difficult  than  at  prefent,  but  al- 
moft,  if  not  altoeether  impoffiSle,  and  of 
which  the  exceUency  was  attef^ed  by  all 
the  principal  artifts  in  London  ?** 

From  the  manner  in  which  the  queftion 
is  put^  I  am  led  to  fuppofe  (thbugh  ( 
cannot  be  certain)  that  your  correfpondent 


1798.] 


Rbapfody  on  NewJ^api 


offered  to  thr  Bank  of  Enghnd  by  a  Mr. 
Tii.i,0CK  ;  attfae  rgcfHon  of  which,  by 
a  Cdnmittee  of  Bank  Dii'e^rs,  I  was 
preienty  together  witKMeffirs.  Bykhi, 
FiTLfiit,  LOWRY,  and  Sstarp.  That 
it  was  ovr  unaninunis  opinion,  as  well 
as  the  opinion  of  Mr.  Bartolozzi, 
(who  was  prevented  by  xndifpofitiou 
from  attending  on  the  occalion)  that 
the  fpeeimen  produced  by  Mr.  Til- 
lock  of  a  newly-invented  art,  was 
not  copyable  by  any  known  art  of  en- 
graving y  and  that  the  attempt  toward 
imitating  it  produced  by  the  Enmver  to 
the  Bank  was  very  eafy  to  be  diftinguifli- 
cd  from  its  original,  may  be  acceptable 
information  to  your  correfpondcnt,  and 
perhaps  not  ti^leis  to  the  public. 

To  fay  that  this  invention  would  ut- 
terly prevent  the  poffibility  of  forgeries  on 
the  Bank*  would  be  liazarding  a  rafh  af- 
fertioa :  to  detcmine  that,  if  adopted,  it 
would,  by  increafmg  Ae  difficulty,  di- 
minilK  tiie  number  of  forgeries,  requires 
no  hedtatlon,  and  very  little  eye-light. 
That  I  mean  to  deny  ibat  little  to  the  Di- 
rectors of  the  Bank,  mufi  not  be  infeiTcd, 
nor  that  I  think  they  liave  fliewn  thcm- 
felvea  leis  clear-iighted  in  this  bufinefs 
than  difintcrefted. 

Irony  apart^  I  /hould  conceive  it  to  be 
a  point  both  of  duty  and  honour,  for  the 
Bank  Directors — not  to  tempt  men  to  the 
commiilion  of  a  capital  crime^  by  autho- 
riAng  an  eaiy  mode  of  committing  it — 
not  themlelves  to  fuftaintheloflTcs  arifmg 
from  the  frequent  forgery  of  Bank-notes, 
— not  to  adopt  Mr.  Tillock's  plan  for 
tlie  prevention  of  forgery,  if  a  better  can  be 
produced,  but — to  call  forth  the  talents 
and  ingenuity  of  the  country  in  fair  com- 
petition, by  offering  a  handfome  reward 
for  the  befl  praftical  means  of  preventing 
forgery  on  the  Bank. 

That  a  procedure  to  this  effefl,  is  a 
duty  the  Bank  Direftors  owe  to  the  public, 
your  correfpondcnt  has  fufficiently  fhewn  j 
that  it  ihould  be  coniidered  as  a  point  of 
honour  too,  I  think,  is  evident,  when  we 
re<;olle£t  that  honour  due  is,  in  all  cafes, 
propoitionate  to  confidence  repofed. 
I  am.  Sir,  your's,  &c; 


^neen  Anne-ftreet  Eaft^ 
Dec.  20,  1797* 


J.LaNDS£BR. 


*ro  tbi  ESior  of  the  Montblj  Magazine  f 

SIR, 

DURING  the  parliamentary  debates 
of  laft  winter,  relative  to  impofin^ 
^  >ddittQia)  tKH,  ii|>oii  ncw^apersy   it 


ers* 


w*^  difpvted  by  (bmeof  our  ftate-orators, 
whether  a  newfpaper  was  an  article  of 
luxury  or  necejfily  5  but  the  Miniffer,  who 
was  more  defirous  to  obtain  an  addition  to 
the  revenue,  than  to  wait  for  the  difcufTion  ' 
of  fo  intricate  a  queftion,  hurried  the  bu- 
finefs forwards,  without  allowing  time  to 
determine  it.  Perhaps,  indeed,  he  might 
think  that  nnuch  was  to  be  £iid  on  both 
fides  5  and  that  it  was  a  matter  of  very 
little  confequence  to  a  mere  financier  whe- 
ther it  was  determined  one  way  or  others 
When,  however,  I  look  around  me  in 
this  vafl  metropolis,  and  mix  in  the  varied 
foctettes  that  are  formed  in  it,  I  am  clear- 
ly of  opinion,  that  a  ntwfpaper  ranks 
among  the  necejfaries  of  life,  and  ranks  £0 
high,  that,  if  we  except  the  mere  mecha- 
nical operations  of  eating  and  drinking,  I 
fcarcely  know  any  thing  that  is  fo  indif- 
penfible  to  the  happineis  of  my  fellow-ci- 
tizens. As  a  queftion,  "  What  news  V* 
is  fecond  only  to  *<  How  do  you  do  ?*'  and 
I  am  much  miflaken  if,  on  many  occa- 
(ions,  it  does  not  precede  even  now,  and 
heresifter,  in  all  probability,  it  will  ifilie 
at  the  firfl  opening  of  the  lips. 

It  is,  perhaps,  impoffible  to  prove  the 
mifery  that  would  overfhadow  fuch  a  place 
as  London,  were  there  no  newfpapers  pub- 
lifhed  in  it ;  but  my  imagination  has 
fometimes  fuggefted  to  me  the  horrid 
thought  of  a  liifpenfion  of  newfpapers  for 
only  oneiveek  I  Dreadful  idea  I  Intellec- 
tual famine  !  What  crowds  of  difbiefTed 
human  beings,  hurrying  from  place  to 
place,  afking  and  befeeching  one  another, 
**  for  the  love  of  mercy,"  to  ftipply  one 
little  bit  of  intelligence,  to  cool  the  parch- 
ed tongue  of  communication— one  little 
accident  to  fupply  the  repetition  of  diur- 
nal morality — one  anecdote,  ever  fo  meagre 
and  ban-en,  juft  to  keep  the  life  and  foul 
of  converfatjon  together — or  owtcrim.  con, 
or  even  the  lealt  fufpicion,,  hint,  con- 
jeftttre,  orfurniife,  to  employ  the  magni- 
fying powers  of  imagination,  and  prevent 
the  dreadful  neceffity  of  feeking  for  what 
we  know  we  cannot  find— rclburces  with- 
in ourfclves. 

Such  have  fometimes-  been  the  horrid 
images  which  my  imagination,  probably 
difordered  at  the  time,, has  fuggefled  to 
me  :  but  how  faint  is  this  expreflion  of 
the  workings  of  fancy  j  for  fure  I  am,  it 
hath  not  yet  entered  into  the  heart  of  man 
to  form  words  capable  of  difplaying  the 
wretched  flate  of  our  metropolis,  were  it 
to  be  afflifted  with  a  cefTation  of  news* 
Wifely,  therefore,  did  our  anceftors  con- 
trive, that,  on  our  firft  entrance  into  daily 
life,  wc  fhovld  havp  itiu  our  power  to  de- 

VOfT 


RbaffiJy  on  Niufpaptrs^ 


CM 


▼our  tiie  newf|Kiper  and  the  breaks  st 
the  /ame  time ;  *that  in  an  hour  when  fleep 
tia«  ieit  a  iJank.  in  our  thoughts,  and  the 
mejnoiy  of  paft  events  hath  periflied,  a 
new  world,  or  a  world  of  news,  fhouid 
ftart  up  to  fight,,  and  fet  every  fpring  of 
the  ipind  in  fre/h  motion.  Tius  I  call 
winding  up  our  curiofity  for  the  day  \  hy 
m^tos  of  which  operation,  the  machine 
goes  regularly  for  the  accwftomcd  time. 
The  invention  of  morning  papers  was  of 
infinite  importance ;  for  morning  was  not 
ihe  original  time  of  publication)  mok 
♦f  die  old  papers  were  published  at  noon, 
or  in  tlis erfiming,  when  they  couldbe of 
lak  only  to  thole  perfons  who  maJce  a 
trade  ot  politics.  At  that  time  they  were 
not  deemed  of  much  uie  in  families  ;,  bat 
when  fotf  was  introduced,  morning  papers 
naturally  followed,  and  the  contenU  of 
man^  or  them  are  now  happily  contrived 
to  giw  a  particular  zeft  to  the  Indian 
luxury.  The  connexion,  indeed,  be- 
twixt a  breakfaft  and  a  newfpaper  is  in- 
diiToluble.  We  nuy  hear  news  at  any 
other  time  of  tjie  day  j  but  how  lame, 
how  impcrfeft,  how  uniatisfaftory»  how 
sMoent  in  ali  thole  little  circumftances  of 
iletail  and  dcfcriptioni  for  which  we  are 
indebted  to  the  abilities  of  editors  and 
«olle£lort  of  paragraphs.  Infenfibie  and 
m^^rate^I  peribns  can  only  count  the  va- 
Ine  of  a  bkffing  from  the  lofs  of  it  $  but 
if  ever  the  time  comes  that  the  propaga- 
tion of  news  is  fufpended,  they  will  learn 
to  prize  the  abilities  of  thofe  geiuuies  who 
furoifh  the  news  of  tiie  day  with  appro- 
priate ims^ery ;  give  a  brilliancy  to  an 
accidental  Sn  \  break  the  neck  of  a  brick- 
Ufer  with  grace  j  and  even  cloathe  the 
gaUows  in  heroics  j — men,  whofe  mere 
npoits  tranfcend  even  fafls  in  point  of 
cotertainment,  aud  whoie  hints  and  fur- 
loiles  are  to  the  thii-fty  r^er 

■■'  I  ^^  Coofirmations  ftrong^ 
««  As  proofs  «f  holy  writ." 

By  means  of  morning  papers,  the  m- 
babitants  of  the  metropolis  are  put  upon 
a  footitig  of  equality  in  point  of^informa- 
tion,  which  ia  not  to  be  looked  for  in 
provincial,  town*,  far  kfa  in  villages, 
where  peHiaps  the  great  "Squire  only  irc- 
cdveS  a  paper,  the  coafecuts  of  which  he 
4olcs  out  to  his  efpeclal  favourites.  Yet 
St  may  be  faid,  that  this  equality  of  lu- 
formation  which  pisev^iis  in  the  metro- 
poli«,  can  tend  only  to  perfe£l  filcnce,  be- 
/cxuie  no  maai  pofieius  an  overplus  of  news 
which  he  may  coauauaicate ;  and  at  firft 
fight  this  would  a{ypear  to  be  the  cafe, 
kut  in  ia6l  it  is  q^tc  oihcrwife  j  for  al« 


though  one  may  not  know  moft  H^  aa« 
other,  he  certaixUy  ^lay  cvocmTr  morethaa 
another,  ft  is  a  miftake  to  rup|K>fe^^at 
the  intelligence  in  newipapers  i^  to  be  un« 
derftood  in  a  Hteral  fdife,  ot  tfiat  we  are 
to  be  contented  with  what  the  editor  pleafei 
to  tell  us.  For  example,  we  read  ^hat 
"  Yefterday  ^^ras  married  at  St,  Duncan's 
church,  Mr.  Joihua  Tape,  an  eminent 
mercer,  to-Mii*  Polly  Languiih,  ^fMile- 
end.'*  Were  we  to  ftop  here,  f  queftloa 
whether  all  the  papers  in  London  nvouid 
fumifh  half  an  hour^s  converfTti^ti.  But 
this  is  no  barrpu  text ;  it  includes  doc* 
trines  and  Inferenoss,  which  may  branch 
out  into  as  manv  heads  as  a  fermon  of  the 
laft  century.  Is  it  not  ncccflary  to  afccr- 
tain  what  Mr.  Tapers  property  is  j  how 
far  he  may  be  called  an  eminent  mercer  \ 
when  it  is  txsellknvwn  that  he  failed  tea 
yearfc  ago,  and  paid  only  ten  ihiUin^  ia 
the  pound  ; '  and  how  far  lie  may  be  called 
a  genteel  man,  when  it  is  'wrnkwivn  he 
ftoops  in  the  fhoulders  ?  It  may  be  alio 
neceflary  to  determine  whether  he  de/erves 
the  chara^r  of  a  polite  (hop-keeper,  who, 
it  i«  tviU known f  refufed  to  take  back  aa 
article  which  a  lady  had  kept  only  (ix 
months  :  and,  above  all,  whether  the  man 
was  not  an  arrant  fool  to  marry  Polly 
Langui/h,  who,  it  it  nxieU  kmwm,  had 
not  a  fixpence  ?  Then*  Sir,  with  refpeft 
to  the  lady,  many  important  qoefllont 
aiife  I  as,  iv(k,  how  it  can  be  pomhie  an^ 
perfon  can  think  her  handTome,  w^etl  it 
is  nveUkno'wn  ihe  has  no  coraplenon^  very 
bad  ftaring  eyes,  appears  to  be  crookeo, 
and  moreover,  it  ts  ftrongfy  MpeSed^  is 
thirty-three,  or  thirty-two  at  leatt.  Thua 
you  ^  that  the  above  pnragrapih  is  a  fiiil 
and  rich  founuin,  (ending  forth  vyaters, 
fweet  and  bitter,  and  quenching  the  talk- 
ative thirft  of  the  whole  pariihm  St.  2>Qn~ 
flan*s,  and,  probably,  the  hamlet  of  Mik-^ 
end. 

Let  us  take  another  example  j — «*  YeC. 

terday  Lady -  was'  dete^d  in   aa 

amour  with  Col. .     His  Lordfhip 

has  fent  her  to  her  mother*$,  for  the  pre- 
fent,  and  is  immediately  to  fuc  for  a  di-- 
vorce."  Now,  Sir,  will  any  loyer  of 
news  ftop  heiT  ?  Will  this  fartsfy  film'  * 
No,  It  is  neceflary  to  tHvide  and  fub- 
divide  this  into  an  infinite  fei'ies  of  Wlcr 
intdligences,  all  greatly  cosKHboting  to 
a  right  imdei^anding  ot  the  matter.  On 
the  one  band,  his  Lordfhijr,  it  i»  nuell 
kftffWTtr  W5W  old  enougfi  to  Mt  her  father^ 
and  what  could  heesTpeft?  On  the  other 
hand.  Lady——*,  \t\&io€Bkn9Wtt,vr%s 
young  enough  to  be  his  daughter,  aod 
wherein  was  ihe  difappoiptEri  ?  Then  it  is 

highly 


jy^.3  •     ^fr.  EBUngion's  Plan  fir  draining  marjhy  Grounds. 


htrhly  probable  that  he  was  the  moft  in- 
dulgent hulbaDci  in  the  world,  and  that 
ihc  wa«.  tbpmoft  unrealbnablc  and  difobe- 
dientwiift.  Or*  (houldthis  not  be  the 
^afc,  the  feva^c  will  e?ca6Hv  ferve  the 
iame  purpole  \  that  is,  gratify  that  insa- 
tiable 4^re  IFor  «nyi,  which  is  become  as 
sfeccfe^  AS  the  food  we  eat,  or  the  rai- 
ment we  put  on. 

We  conftantly  pray  to  be  dcllrercd 
^  from  battle^  rourdcr^  and  from  fudden 
dcaA  j^*  (this,  by  the  bye,  fcems  an 
antircllmax*^  battle  being  the  |^ate(l  ca- 
lamity  of  the  three  j  but  let  that  pafs) 
and  yet»  Mr.  Editor,  I  )tnow  no  three, 
ingredients  raort  necelTary,  nor^  of  )ate 
▼caiy,  more  frequent  than  thefe.  Battles, 
sndeeiL  fr^m  lo^g;  hablt^  we  read  over 
*rith  frigid  indifl^rencc,  and  I  muft  fay, 
they  are  very  dull  and  imeutertaining.  The 
othier  twoy  however^  afford  many  com- 
ment!, whi4)  greatly  tend  to  projotc 
conYer(atV)P»  becaufe  they  comt;  hoine  to 
"men^s  feuiinefs  and  boibms.'*  The 
death  of  one  man  in  the  ftreety,  who 
thrmght  himielf  a  match  for  half  a  dozen 
armed  robbers,  is  a  topic  of  converfation 
Ibr  a  month  •  but  the  proftration  of  ten 
thDaTaiid  bodi^  on  a  ^1d,  to  gratify  the 
inexplicable  Ichenvs  of  contending  courts, 
is  die  ephemera  wdiicfa  cannot  outlive  the 
day.  *   .  • 

Thus  mvch  for  the  faSs  recorded  in 
«mr  ne^-ipapers .  Now,  Sir^  only  confider 
what  the  caie  moft  be,  if,  after  dwelling 
fo  long  upom  any  important  event  handed 
to  04  at  our  breakfaii-tables,  aad  carried 
from  thence  about  with  us  wherever  we 
go  throughout  the  day,  as  ammunition. 


is  no  fcandalous  llory  without  fome  fx>un« 
dation/* 

I  might  now  procefed  to  cftnfider  the  »/* 
Ceffi^  of  newfpapers,  as  fupplying,  funil 
for  political  converCitlon  j  but  as  that 
fubje6l  would  lead  me  to  be  more  prolix 
than  in  duty  bound,  I  (halt  idjourn  th# 
queftion  fine  die,  and  conclude  with  aQ 
humble  hone  that  I  have  f^gel^ed  enough 
to  prove  that  newfpapers  are  articles  of 
ablolute  neceflity,  and  of  the  "  firft  tt* 
quifition/'     I  am,  Sit",  your's,  $cc. 

Rhapsodic  trs. 


tradifted  by  the  (Ume  authority.  This 
may  mppear  fomewhat  emljarrarang  j  but 
hAit  has  reconciled  us  to  this  alfo. . "  We 
tfhr^/  fhouf^  there  was  fomcthing  im- 
probabk  in  tne  ftory  j'^  or,  "  wc  h£l  our 
fkf^dojtf^  yet  did  not  chafe  to  communi- 
cate thetn^y  or,  "  we  were  ^irj  cautiouf 
ia  giving  full  credit  to  the  report,  al- 
though, to  be  fmre,  it  appeared  to  be  <wry 
'weU ^hunded^  and  every  body  miift  ac- 
knowledge it  was  remarJtably  ^vcU  told."" 
With  tm»>3r  ptfi  faSio  fagacity,  feme 
cofxtintxe  to  get  out  of  the  fcrapc  pretty 
deoeBtiy,  vmlle  others,  determined  to 
fupport  the  dignity  6f  firit  impreiHonft, 
and  ihidious  to  avoid  the  weather-cock 
vtriations  of  common  changelings,  are 
'ftHl  €rmiy  of  opinion  that  theV«  wasy^nr- 
Udftgimat  and  V9t«  n(mx  c^a^  ^*  th^t  there 


T^  tbe  Bifyortf  th^MMtbfy  Mttgtaint. 

SIR, 

T  F  fuccefs  fhall  not  betray  you  to  relax 
"*■  your  efforts,  your  Magazine  ieei&» 
likely  to  become  the  moil  excellent  and  tb« 
moft  generally  acceptable  pirhdL'nl  mifucU 
Uiny  of  the  age.  For  t\\\i  reafon^  and 
as  thole  whobavejuft  "begun  CO  learn,  are 
often  the  raoft  eager  to  teach,  I  beg  leave 
to  trouble  you,  for  th^  infcnnaxion  of 
vour  readers,  with  a  Ihort  account  of  Mr. 
fetKiNCTOS's  Mode  c^Dredmngr  with 
which  I  have  had  a  recent  oppoctuoicy  to 
make  myiclf  acquainted,    . 

There  are  but  two  ways,  in  which^^#> 
nant  nuater  can  be  diffuied  over  groundfty 
fo  as  to  reduce  tliem  into  the  ftatA  of  «^ 
r/ijis.  It  may  proceed- from  the  over- 
flowing of  adjacent  rivers,  or  the  colice- 
tion  at  rain-water;  or,  it, may  bubbic  up 
incelFantlv  from  fprings  diip^riqd  withiii. 
the  bounas  of  the  morafs. 

In  the  former  of  thefe  ca(es,  tlie  over- 
flowing of  adjacent  rivers  is  to  beprevtjnt- 
ed  only  by  ilrong  embankments  i  .and  ai^jf 
fimple  trench  will  eafUy  caijry  away.ftag- 
naiit  water,  which  has  no  iuteriur  fuuic«y- 
and  mej'ely  floats  upon  the  fuiface. 

In  almoil  all  laic^s  and  mojafle^  nu- . 
mcrous  fprings  ai^  difperfed .  within  the 
compals  of  the  lake  or  morafs..  Th?fc  cajiji 
never  ba  exhauded.  Very  many  moraffcs 
have  theivfote  jon^  baffled  ^  every  endida- 
vour  to  drain  themeffe^ually  {or  cuItivB-^ 
tiott.  Tix'nches  of  abnoft  eveij'  different 
deptl>,  and  in  aimoft  every  difibtntdi- 
reUion,  have  been  tried,  in  vain»  or  at 
bell,  vnth  very  impcrfcfl  fuccefs,  Vaft 
tra^a  of  morals,  in  England,  in  Scotland, 
and  in  Ireland,  have  beenhdpcleiUy  aban- 
doned to  perpctAial  barrennefr. 

But,  about  the  yetr  i7(S4,  Mr.  EUoMg-' 
ton\  in. an  attempt  to  doaw  fome  port 
of  the  ^n&  of  Princethoi^,  ia  the  parish 
pf  Stretton,  upon  DnnibMre,  in  the  county 
pf  Wanvickj  wa»  nccid^ntsdiy  led  fo  ob- 

iar9 


B    Mn  EUington  en  Dramng,.,.Mr.  Coleridge  en  bis  Monody*    [Jfjm, 

leryc,  that  by  commencing  bis  drains  fiom 
the  (Efferent  fprings  which  continually 
poured  forth  their  waters  upon  the  ^jround, 
and  by  this  means  alone  he  cotdJ  effe^ually 
mccont^Jb  bis  purpofe.  He  had  not  even 
Tcfleftedupon  the  poflibility  of  the  moifturc 
of  morafles,  ariiing  from  fpringjs  at  a  con- 
fiderable  depth  beneath  the  lurface,  when, 
to  bis  furjprife,  he  happened  to  obferve  a 
column  of  watef  burft  up  with  great  force, 
by  a  hole  which  he  cafually  made  with  an 
iron  crow,  within  the  bounds  of  Jiis  mo- 
rafs.  The  fa6l,  although  neither  new 
iior  Htange,  /Iruck  his  mind  as  an  extra- 
ordinary difcov.ry.  He  foon  after  adopt- 
ed the  ufe  of  an  eutgerj  inftead  of  an  iron 
crow }  and  detennined  to  make  his  mo- 
lafs  pertc6Vly  dry  for  tillage,  by  deteft- 
ing  ail  the  fprings,  and  continually  ex- 
haufting  thele  by  fuitable  drcins.  He 
quickly  fuccecded  in  making  that  parti- 
cular field  perfeftly  dry .  The  fublcouent 
application  of  the  fame  principle  to  all  the 
other  marfliy  parts  of  his  farm,  proved 
alike  fuccefsful. 

In  confequenceof  the  ibiking  improve- 
ment thus  effc^ed  upon  his  own  grounds, 
Mr.  Elkington  was  .confultcd  and  em- 
ployed by  his  neighbours.  He,  in  every 
.  inibince,  fought  out  the  fprings  from 
Vrhich  the  ftagnant  water  was  fupplied  ; 
vrherevcr  there  was  a  declivity  of  the  fiu*- 
face,  endeavoured  to  deteft  the  main- 
ipring,on  which,  in  every  fuchcale,  there 
^  are  ufually  various  fmaller  fprings  de- 
pendant 5  ftill  bored  with  the  auger  to  dif- 
cover  fprings  of  which  he  fuipefted  the 
exiftence,  although  they  were  not  quite 
apparent ;  commenced  his  drains  from  the 
refpc^ive  fprings;  but,  inftead  of  cutting 
a  drain,  in  every  cafe,  to  the  veiy  level  of 
'  a  very  deep  fpring,  adopted  the  idea  of 
prcfcrving  only  an  auger-hole  perpendi- 
cular to  the  fpring,  as  an  outlet  by  which 
Its  waters  might  afcend  into  the  drain,  to 
be  by  it  conveyed  away.  Continued  ex- 
perience gave  him,  at  laft,  very  great  fa- 
gacity  in  dcte£iing  the  exiftence  of  hidden 
fprings,  and  extraordinary  (kill  to  difcem 
the  readied  means  for  draining  off  their 
waters.  He  learned  to  pay  particular  at- 
tention to  the  nature  of  the  (trata  through 
which  the  water  had  to  rife,  and  to  adapt 
to  it  the  conftru6lion  of  his  drains.  His 
fame  as  a  drainer  was  extended  his  af- 
fiftance  was  fought  even  from  diilant  paits 
of  the  country.  It  decifively  appeared, 
that  barren  morafTcs  might,  oy  his  art, 
be  converted  into  rich  meadow  and  fertile 
arable  fields  ;  that  year,  wettilh  grounds, 
'inightj  by  the  fame  means^  be  made  fuf- 


ficiently  dry  and  kindljf ;  that  an  aftonifli- 
ing  proportion  of  the  lands  of  Great  Bri- 
tain ana  Ireland  might  be  thus  redeemed 
from  infertility.  Contriving  to  cover  hif 
drains,  with  only  certain  openings  at  pro- 
per diftances,  he  thus  prevented  uiem 
from  marring  the  beauty  and  equality  of 
the  fields.  To  colleiV  water  for  the  ufe 
of  mills  and  canils  ;  to  draw  off  the  wa- 
ter from  mines  and  coal-pits,  and  for 
other  ufeful  purpofes,  may  the  fame  in- 
vention of  Mr.  Elkington'i  be  likcwife 
applied. 

To  reward  this  invention,  and  to  pur- 
chafe  it  for  the  ufe  of  the  public,  the 
Board  of  Agriculture  obtained  to  Mr.  El- 
kington a  grant  from  Parliament,  of  a 
thouland  pounds  fterling.  I  am  per- 
fuaded,  that  the  beneficial  cffefts  of  his 
difcovery  have  already  more  than  compen- 
fated  this  fum  to  the  nation.  I  am,  &c. 
Kelfo^  Dec.  zi,  X797-  R.  H. 

To  the  Editor  oftbe  Montbfy  Mageadne. 

SIR, 

T  Hope,  that  this  letter  may  arrive  time 
-*•  enough  to  anfwer  its  purpo(e.     I  can- 
not help  confidering  rayfelf  as  having 
been  placed  in  a  very  ridiculous  light,  by 
the  gentlemen  who  haVc  remarked,  an- 
fwered,  and  rejoined  concerning  my  mo- 
nody on  Chatterton.     I  have  not  fecn  the 
compofitions  of  my  competitors  (unlefs 
indeed  the  exquifite  poem  of  Warton's, 
entitled,    *«  7 be  Suicide ^^^  refer  to    this 
fubje6l)  but  this  I  know,  that  my  own 
is  a  very  poor  one.     It  was  a  fchool  ex- 
ercife,  fomewhat  altered;  and  it  would 
have  been  omitted  in  the  laft  edition  of 
ray  poems,  but  for  the  requeft  of  my 
friend,    Mr.  Cottle,  whofe   property 
thofe  poems  are.     If  it  be  not  in  your 
intention  to  exhibit  my  name.ort  any  fu- 
ture month,    you  will  accept  my  beft 
thankr,  and  not  publiih  this  lettei*.     But 
if  Crlto  and  the  Alphabet-men   fliould 
continue  to  communicate  oA  this  fubjefl, 
and  you  (hould  think  it  proper,  for  rca- 
fons  beft  known  to  yourfelf,  to  publiih 
their  communications,  then  I  depend  on 
.  yoiu:  kindnefs  for  the  infertion  of  my  let- 
ter 5  by  which,  it  is  poflible,  thofe  your 
con-efpondents  may  be  induced  to  expend 
their  remarks,  whether  panegyrical  or  vi- 
tupei-ative,  on  nobler  game  than  on  a  poem 
which  was,  in  truth,  the  firft  efFoct  of  a 
young  man,  all  whofe  poems  a  candid 
critic  will  only  confider  as  firft  efforts. 
X  our's,  with  due  refpc£l, 
Sbrewjbttry.  S.  T.  CoLfniDGi. 


rt 


1798.5 


Oh  the  Fabks  of  Antiquity. 


r#  ibi  Editor  of  fbe  MoKtbiy  Magazine, 

«T*HOUGH  the  fables  of  the  ancieDts 
-**  are,  id  their  (ecret  meaDing,  utility, 
and  canftni^ioiiY  the  moft  beautiful  and 
admirable  pieces  of  cpmpofition  which  the 
I  mind  of  inaii  is  capable  of  framing,  yet 
■oching  has  been  lo  little  underftood,  or 
fo  ihamefally  abufed.  Of  the  truth  of 
this  obfcrvatioD,  the  philofophic  part  of 
Tour  readers  will,  I  perfuade  my  (elf,  be 
folly  convioced,  by  comparing  the  fol- 
Imving  explanations  of  ibme  of  thtfe 
fibies^  with  thofe  given  by  the  Abb6 
Baoier,  and  other  modern  writers  on 
mythology,  in  thofc  ridiculous  and  con- 
temptibk  publications  called  Pantheons, 

That  thefc   moderns,    indeed,    ihould 

have  grofsW  erred  in  their  interpretation 

I     cf  ancient  lables,  is  by  no  means  wonder ^ 

I     fulf  if  we  conQder  that  they  appear  to 

I     have  been  ignoraat  that  thel'e  fab.es  were 

I     indented    by    theological    poets'^,    and 

adopted  by    intellectual   philofophers  \  ; 

and,  confequentiv,  that   their  meaning 

cm  only  be  unf<ilded  by  recurring  to  the 

theology  ani    intellectual  philofopby  of 

the  ancients. 

It  is,  indeed^  cafy  for  ingenious  men  to 
give  an  explanation  of  an  ancient  fable, 
which  to  the  fuperBcial  obfcrver  ihall  ap< 
j)car  to  be  the  prccil'c  meaning  which  its 
inventor  defigncd  to  convey,  though  it 
W  in  reality  very  far  from  the  truth. 
Tuis  may  be  ealily  accounted  for  by  con- 
fiJering,  that  ail  fables  are  images  of 
truths,  but  tbofe  of  the  ancients  of  truths 
with  which  but  few  are  acquainted. 
Hence,  like  pii:)ur<.s  of  unknown  perfons, 
they  become  the  fubjefts  of  endlefs  con. 
jefture  and  abfui'd  opinion,  from  the 
limilitudc  which  every  one  fancies  he 
difcoTcrs  in  them  to  obje^s  with  which 
he  has  been  for  a  long  time  familiar.  He 
who  under ftands  tlic  explanations  given 
by  the  Platonic  philofophers  of  thefe 
fables,  will  fubfcribc  to  the  truth  of  this 
bicrvatioD  ;  as  it  is  impoflible  that  thefe 
mtcrprct|itions  could  fo  wonderfully  har- 
monize with  the  external  or  apparent 
meaning  of  the  fables,  without  being  the 
true  explanations  of  their  latent  i'enfe. 
Even  Lord  Bacon  himfelf,  though  he  faw 
euough  to  be  convinced  that  thefe  fables 
were  repleti;  with  the  higheft  wifdom 
of  which  he  had  any  conception,  yet  was 
far  from  penetrating  the  profound  mean- 
ing  they  contain.  He  has,  indeed,  done 
all  in  attempting  to  unfold  them  that 

"  '  ■  '  ^^l^m^     III,    ■ 

*  OrpheDS,  Homer,  He(iod,  &c. 
ffytbaioras,  Plato,  &c. 
M^MtHLY  Mao.  XXVII. 


g^at  genius,  without  the  affiftanceo^ 
intilUStual  pkilpfoply  is  able  to  effed  :  but 
the  moft  piercing  liigacity,  the  moft  bril- 
liant wit,  and  the  moft  exquifite  (ubtilty 
of  thought,  without  this  aiMance,  are 
here  of  no  avail. 

This  being  premifed,  it  will  be  necef- 
fary,  in  the  6rfl  place,  td  obferve,  that 
between  us  and  the  higheft  god  there  are 
certain  mighty  powers,  which,  thovgh 
rooted  in, yet  poffefs  energies  diftinCt  from 
their  ineffable  caufe;  for  we,  in  reality,  are 
nothing  more  than  the  dregs  of  the  uni* 
verfe.  Thefe  mighty  powers  are  called, 
by  the  poets  a  gQid£n  chain,  on  account  of 
their  connexion  with  each  other,  and  in* 
corrupiibU  nature.  Now,  the  firft  of 
thefe  powers  you  may  call  intelUdual\ 
the  fecond  vi*u}fi:\  tije  third  p^eonian^ 
and  fo  on,  which  the  ancients  deiiring  to 
fignify  to  us  by  names,  have  fymbolically 
denominated.  Hence,  (ays  Olympiodo- 
rus  (in  M.S.  Comment,  in  Georgtam) 
we  ought  not  to  be  dillurbed  on  hearing 
fuch  names  as  a  Saturman  power,  the 
power  Jupiuty  and  fuch-like,  but  explore 
the  things  to  which  they  allude.  Thus,  • 
for  inftancc,  by  a  Saturnian  power  rooted 
in  the  firft  caufe,  underftand  a/«r^  iniel^ 
le& :  for  Kgm;,  or  Saiurn,  is  wa^o;  wust  i.  e. 
0  uaBa^i,  or  a  fure  intelUS.  He  adds* 
hence  wc  call  all  thofe  that  are  pure  and 
virgins,  xo^ai. 

On  this  account,  too,  poets  '*  fay^  that 
Saturn  devoured  his  children,  and  after- 
wards again  fent  them  into  the  light, 
bccaufe  intctUG  is  converted  to  itfelf, 
feeks  itfelf,  and  is  itfelf  fought :  but  he 
again  refunds  them,  becaufe  intellect  not 
only  feeks  and  procreates,  but  produces 
into  light  and  profits.  Hence,  likewife, 
Saturn  is  called  ayxuXouii?!;,  or  infieQtd 
counfti^  becaufe  an  inflected  6gure  verges 
to  itfelf. 

Again,  as  there  is  nothing  difordered 
and  novel  in  iutelle£t,  they  reprefent 
Saturn  as  an  old  man,  and  as  flow  in  hia 
motion  :  and  hence  it  is  that  aftrologers 
fay,  that  fuch  as  have  Saturn  well  iituated 
in  their  nativity  ace  prudent  and  endued 
with  intelUd. 

In  the  next  place,  the  ancient  theologiAt 
called  life  by  the  name  of  Jupiter,  to 
whom  they  gave  a  twofold  appellation, 
iut  and  ^t)y:r,  liquifying,  by  thefe  names, 
that  he    gives    life   tbrougb   himfelf  f. 

Farther 
\  *'      "    '    ■*■        II        I      ■.^.— — 1^1 

*  So  m  Hefiod  in  his  Theosony. 

f  Thefe  etymologies  of  Saturn  and  Jupiter, 

arc  given  by  Plato  in  the  Cratylui  $  a  dialogns 

in  which  he  cveiy  wbert  ctyaologiits  agree- 

C  aUy 


19 


Mr.  Taybr  en  the  fables  ofAnitquitj. 


CJaD. 


Farther  (Hlf,  they  affert  that  the  fun  if 
drawn  by  four  horfes,  and  that  he  is  per- 
petually  young,  fignifying  by  this  his 
power,  which  is  motive  of  the  whole  of 
nature  fubjca  to  his  dominion,  his  four- 
fold converfions,  and  the  vigour  of  hrs 
energies..  But  thev  fay  that  the  moon  is 
drawn  by  two  bulls  :  by  rw<7,  on  account 
of  her  ilicreafe  and  dtmir.ution ;  but  by 
Mls^  beeaufe  as  thefe  till  the  grounJ,  fo 
the  moon  governs  all  thofe  parts  which 
furround  the  earth. 

I  perfuade  myfelf  every  liberal  and  in- 
telligent mind  will  immediately  perceive 
the  propriety  and  accuracy  of  the  above 
interpretations ;  and  be  convinced,  from 
thi»  fpecimen,  that  the  fables  of  the  an- 
^ents  arc  replete  with  a  n]eaning  no  Icfs 
interefting  than  novel,  no  Icfs  beautiful 
than  fublime. 

That  your  readers  may  be  ftill  farther 
convinced  of  this,  I  fhail  fubjoin  the  di\'i- 
libn  of  f ablet  given  by  the  Platonic  philo- 
fopher  Salluft,  in  his  elegant  Trcatifc  on 
the  Gods  and  the  World  :  "  Of  fables, 
Ibme  are  tbeo/ogical,  others  pbyfical,  others 
mnimnftic  (or  belonging  to  feu  I)  others 
material,  and,  laftly,  others  mixed  from 
thefe. 

•*  Fables  arc  tbeohgrcaU  which  employ 
nething  corporeal,  but  fpeculate  the  very 
cffences  of  the  gods  j  luch  as  the  fable 
which  afferts  that  Saturn  devoured  his 
children :  for  it  obfcurcly  intimates 
I  he  nature  of  an  rAt^clleftual  god,  fince 
tytry  intelica  returns  into  itfclf. 

"  But  we  fpeculate  fables  fb\fical^\ 
•when  we  fpcak  concerning  the  cncri^ies 
f>f  the  gods  about  the  world;  as  when 
coo/Jdering  Saturn  the  fame  as  Tirac,  and 
calling  the  parts  of  time  the  chi  dren  of 
\\\t  univcrfe,  we  aflcrt  that  the  children 
are  devoured  by  their  parents.  ' 

**  We  employ  fables  in  an  nnmnjik 
mode  when  w€  contemplate  the  energies 
•f  ioul ;  beeaufe  the  inrelledtions  of  our 
.fouls,  thon^jh.by  a  dlfcurfive  energy  they 
proceed  into  other  tnings,  yet  abid«  in 
iheir  parents. 

"Laftly,  fables  are  materiaf^  fuch  as 
the  Kgypcians  i^norantly  employ,  con- 
fidering  and  calling  corporeal  natures 
divinities;  luch  as  Ifis,  earth;  Ofiris, 
tmmldity  ;  Typhnn,  heat :  or  again,  de- 
oominating  Saturn,  v/ritcr;  Adonis,  fruits, 
a'd  Bacchus^   wine.      Indeed,  to  aflcrt 

abT\r  tD  t?»  OrphtirtVieoTS'^y.  Moft  critics,  not 
P'^iceiving  thai  Plato><l^ign  in  thif  dialogue 
was  to  fpeculate  aaoies  pkiiof^Jthieaily^  and  oot 
pammat'tinUfy  have  very  ridiculoully  confidcr« 
e4  hi«  ctjflivkigi^  m  toi  tiae  snoft  pan  f^. 


that  thefe  are  dedicated  to  the  god«,  in 
the  fame  manner  as  herbs,  ftones,  and 
animals,  is  the  part  of  wife  men  ;  but  to 
call  them  gods,  is  alone  the  province  of 
mad  men ;  unlefs  we  fpeak  in  the  fante 

■  manner  as  when,  front eftabliflied  cuftom, 
we  call  the  orb  of  the  fun,  and  its  rays, 
the  fun  itfelf. 

•*  But  we  may  perceive  the  mixed  Vxni 
of  fablc^  as  well  in  many  other  particu- 
lars,  as  in  the  fable  which  relates  that 
Difcord,  at  a  banquet  of  the  gods,  threw 
a  golden  apple,  and  that  a  difpute  about 
it  arifing  among  the  goddeffes,  they  were 
fent  by  Jupiter  to  take  the  judgment  of 
Paris,  who,  charmed  with  the  beauty  of 
Venus,  gave  her  the  apple  in  preference 
to  the  reft.  For  in  this  fable  the  h-sn- 
quet  denotes  the  fupcrmundane  '^  powers 
of  the  gods ;  and  on  this  account  they 
fubfift  in  conjunction  with  each  other : 
but  the  golden  apple  denotes  the  world^ 
which,  on  account  of  its  c6mpo(itioB 
from  contrary  natures,  is  not  improperly 
faid  to  be  thrown  by  Difcord,  or  Strife. 

<But  again,  fince  different  j^ifts  are  im- 
parted to  the  world  by  different  gods, 
they  appear  to  conteft  with  each  other 
for  the  apple.  And  a  foul  living  ac 
cording  to  fenfe  (for  this  is  Paris)  not 
perceiving  other  powers  in  the  univerfe, 
affcrts  that  the  conteifded  apple  fubfifls 
alone  through  the  beauty  of  Venus." 

If  the  intellectual  philofophy,  then,  is 
alone  the  true  key  to  ancient  mythology, 
fu»^tly  nothing  can  be  more  ridiculous 
than  the  attempt  of  the  Abbi  Banier,  lo 
explain  ancient  fables  by  hiftory  ;  nor  r<^ 
mention  that  his  interpretations  are  al- 
ways tr'ftinj(,  and  frequently  imperti- 
nent; arc  neither  calculated  to  inftruCt 
nor  amufe  ;  and  are  equally  remote  from 
elegance  and  truth.  That  this  is  nor 
mere  declamation,  the  following  inftance 
from  his  Mytbok^Vy  will,  I  perfuade  my- 
felf, abundantly 'evince  :  '*  I  (hall  make 

•it  app>ear  (fays  he  f )  that  the  Mutotastr^ 
with  Pajifbaff  and  the  reft  of  that  fable, 
contain  nothing  but  an  intrigue  of  the 
qiiecn  of  Crete  with  a  captain  n^fhied 
Taurus  ;  and  the  artifice  of  Daedalus, 
only  a  fly  confident.*'  !>et  the  reader 
concraft  with  this,  c(ie  following  explana- 
tiof^  of  this  fable,  given  by  Olympiodoms 
in  his  MS.  Commentary  on  the  Gorgias 
of  Plato:  •*  The  Minotaur  fignifics  the 
■  ."■■■  .  «i.  .  ■  -  ■  »■  I 
*  By  this  is  to  be  uoderftood,  povers  ip^hick 
are  wholly  unconnefted  with  every  thisig  of 
a  corporeal  nature.  - 

f  Vol.  I,  <if  cfat  traolUlioii^f  iu*  My^w* 
Wgy,  p,  aj. 

Sirage 


i79«-] 


Af^mri  U  ^iriiS...,PHtry  tf  Spain. 


II 


IkTBge  ptffiods  which  our  nature  co&tados: 
the  tbiead  which  Ariadne  gave  to  The- 
feoi,  a  certain  dtvinc  power  conne6Ud 
with  him :  and  the  ia^yriaib,  the  obU- 
quitj  and  abundant  variety  of  life.  The. 
feus  therefore  being  one  of  the  moft  ex- 
cellent chara£^crs^  vanquilbed  this  irope- 
dimcDty  and  freed  others  together  witti 
bimfelf." 

Rcfervlag  a  farther  difcuffion  of  this 
iiiterefting  lubje£b  to  another  opportunity/ 
I  remain,  yours,  &c. 

M'inor'PUu€^  Tho.  Tavlor. 

Walvtorib. 


I'd  the  Editor  of  tbe  Monthly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

tN  the  fame  page  of  your  Magazine  for 
''-  laft month  there  are  two  queries  from 
correfpoadents,  which  betray  a  degree  of 
ignorance  of  the  moft  common  places  of 
philofophy,  that  one  would  hardly  have 
expeded  to  meet  with  at  the  prefent  day 
from  any  perfon  who  had  at  a)]  turned 
his  mind  to  that  fiudy,  and  from  tbofe 
who  had  not,  fuch  queftioos  are  not  to  be 
expelled. 

Mr.  W.  £.  if  he  had  ever  attended  to 
the  Lavoifierian  cheroiftry,  as  he  is  pleafed 
to  term  it,  muft  have  known  that  azote  is 
found  in  confidcrable  quantities  in  a  very 
large  tiibe  oC  plants,viz.  all  the  cruciform, 
ivfiich  comprehends  the  wild-crefs,  muf- 
tard,  &c.  found  in  every  pafturc;  and  the 
experiments  of  Bertholt,  prove  that  jt  is 
aUb  prefent  in  a  very  great  variety  of 
other  veget|Lble&«  It  is  ilrange  indeed 
that  any  man  who  ever  perceived  the 
fineli  of  putrid  cabbage,  ihouJd  afiert  that 
azote  exifts  in  no  vegetable  whatever. 
But  even  allowing  this  negation,  let 
us  attend  to  Lavoi(ier*s  own  words ; 
^  Azote  is  one  of  the  principles  moll 
abundantly  d.ffufed  through  nature.  Com- 
bined with  caiohcy  it  forms  azotic  gaz, 
which  conftitutes  two- thirds  of  the  com- 
mon atmofphcric  air."  Might  not  then 
any  quantity  of  ir  be  combined  with  the 
animal  organizatiun,  by  the  a£l  of  rcfpi- 
ration,  which  is  fo  often  .repeated  during 
life,  even  if  none  were  received  by  the 
Itomach. 

To  Mr.  £.  L*s  query  about  the  bell,  it 
is  fuflEcient  to  obferve  that  the  vibrations 
of  the  air  within  the  glafs-rcceiver,  are 
communicated  to  the  receiver  itfelf,  and 
by  that  means  to  the  external  air.  The 
accuracy  of  this  experiment  is  doubted  hy 
many  ingcniooisphilofophcrs,  but  on  other 
grounds  than  thofc  ftatcd  by  E.  I«.  If 
your  correfpondcnt  will  ap^uy  bis  hand 
io  the  wails  of 'a  ftceple  durmgthe  ring* 


'ing  of  a  peal,  he  will  be  convineei^  the 
power  of  bells,  to  conmuoicate  their  vi* 
bratioBS  co  folid  bodies.  A.  &• 


To  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly  M^ga*ii(t4i 

SIR, 

'p£RMIT  me  u^corre£t  fome  errors  in 
^  my  account  of  Lupercio  and  Barto- 
lome  Leonardo.    I   aflferted,  from   the 
Pamafo  Efpaaol,  that  no  edition  of  their 
works  had  been  printed  (ince  that  of 
Zaragofa,  1634 :  I    have  now  procured  . 
one  publilhed  fince  the  Parnaio.    Don 
Ramon  Fernandez,  the  editor,  has  pre- 
fixed a  fenftble  preface :   •*  One  of  the 
principal  caufes/'  he  fays,  ^\  ct  the  b«d 
tailc  obfervabie  in  the  greater  part  of  the  . 
poetry  of  the  prefent  day,  is  the  rcarcenefs 
of  good  authors,  who  might  ferve  as  mo- 
dels to  our  youth ;  while  the  multiplied 
editions  of  the  corruptors  of  pur  poetrv 
are  in  the  hands  of  ail,  maintaining  ana 
perpetuating  a  bad  ufte."    Ue  remaf;ks 
the    vague  eulogies  lavifhed   upon  the 
Spaniih  poets  by  their  editors,  applybg 
to  them  indiforiminitely  the  phrafes  of 
purity,    elegance,    enthufiafm,    beauty, 
&c.  and  proceeds  to  point  out  the  cha*    ' 
ra£leriftic  and  peculiar  merit  of  the  two 
Argenfolas.    In  this  preface  there  is  a 
very  curious  trait  of  the  national  vanity. 
After  mentioning  the  rich  and  harmo- 
nious verification  of  thefe  authors,  he 
adds,  this  hirs  at  all  times  been  an  en- 
dowment peculiar  to  the  Spanifli  poets* 
for  if  we  confider  wett,  we.fliaH   fini  ' 
that  they  gave  a  harmony  and  eafe  to  the 
La'in  metres  which  is  not  to  be  met  with 
in  the  poets  anterior  toLucan  and  Seneca. 
The  choruffcs  of  the  three  genuine  trage- 
dies of  this  great  tragedian,  incomparably 
exceed  thoTe  of  Horace  in  their  iowi^g- 
ncfs  ai^d  harmony  ;  ^nd  the  excellent  hex- 
ameters of  Lucan,  have,  in  thefe  points, 
a  great  advantage  over  thofc  of  Virgil. 
And  even  what  Cicero'*  fays  of  the  Cor- 
dovan poets  confirms  this,  though  (ome* 
from  wrongly  underdandinK  the  paifagey 
interpret  it  as  a  reproach;  tor  Tully,  in 
this  place,  fpeaks  onlv  of  their  pronunda- 
tion  and  accent,  which  to  Roman  ears,  ac- 
cuftomcd  only  to  fwectncfs, -might  appear 
ilrange  and^iarfii ;  this  by  no  means  proves 
that  their  verlVs  were  bad  or  deficient  in 
harmony  ;  inftcad  of  this  I  prcfume,  that 
the  too  great  fwcU  and  fullnefs  of  the  Spa» 
nifli  poets,   that  loquiore  rotitndo,  that  os 
fi'iagna  fariaivru^t  which  Honqe  fp  mifh, 

*  Cordubae  natit    poctis   pin^e    quiddam 
cmtibus  atque  peteiriuum.    Cicer.pro  Archia* 

C  z  s6comaKD4(^ 


sd         Dtfc9Virii$  n&t  cfiJkaL..G&dw$9fs  Efiy  §n  Englifi  Style.      [Jaa; 


recommends,  and  which  fincc  the  Greeks 
none  hare  executed  better  than  the  Spa- 
niards i  this  I  conceive  to  be  what  ap- 
peared unplealant  to  Cicero,  whofe  ears 
were  accuftomed  to  verfes  little  more 
harmonious  than  thofe  of  Ennius. 

The  epiftle  from  which  an  eztrsA  was 
printed  in  your  Magazine,  is  given  by 
the  prefent  editor  to  Francifco  de  Rioje. 
J  know  not  whether  the  reafons  he 
affiens  are  fufficient  to  afcertain  the 
author,  but  they  ceruinly  prove  that  it 
could  not  have  been  written  by  Bartolome 
I«eonardo : 

I  have  fele^ked  three  fonnets  as  cha- 
raderiftic  of  thefe  authors,  the  two  6rft 
are  by  Lupercio : 

Thou  art  determined  to  be  beautiful, 
Lyris  !  and,  Lyris,  cither  tliou  arc  mad, 
Or  hiift  nu  loskitig-glafs  ;  doft  thou  not  know 
Thy  paint-bcplaftcrM  forehead,    broad   and 

bare. 
With  not  a  grey  k>ck  left,  thy  mouth  fo  black, 
And  that  invincible  breath  ?  We  f  ghtly  deem 
That  with  a  random  band  blind  Fortune  dcaU 
The*lott  of  life,  to  thee  (he  gave  a  boon 
That  crowds  £»  anxiouily  and  vainly  wi(h. 
Old  age,  and  left  in  thee  no  trace  of  youth 
Save  all  its  folly  and  its  ignorance. 

Content  with  what  I  am;  the  founding  names 
Of  glory  tempt  n<>t  me ;  nor  is  there  ought 
In  glittering  grandeur  that  provokes  one  wilh 
Beyond  my  peaceful  ftate..  What  tho'I  boai^ 
Mo  trapping  that  the  multitude  adores 
la  oommoQ  with  the  great  j  -enough  for  me 
That  oakedf  like  the  mighty  of  the  earth, 
I  came  into  ihA  world,  and  that  like  them 
I  muft  defcend  into  the  grave,  the  houfe 
For  all  appointed  j  for  the  (puce  between, 
^Vhat  more  of  happinefs  Inve  J  to  feck 
Than  that  dear  woman's  love,  whofe  truth  I 

know, 
And  whofe  fend  heart  is  (aiisfied  wilh  me  f 

TrMrBsTfimi  hemAtie. 
Fabfus,  to  think  that  God  hath  in  the  lines 
Of  the  right  hand  difclofcd  the  things  to  come. 
And  in  the  wrinkles  of  the  /kin  pourtrayed. 
As  in  a  map,  the  way  of  human  lil'e, 
This  is  to  follow  with  the  multitude 
EfTor  or  tgaennee,  their  common  guides ; 
Yet  tarly  I  altow  that  God  has  placed 
Our  fate  m  oqr  ewn  hands^  or  evil  or  good 
Sven  as  wa  esake  it  t  tell  me,  Fabius, 
Ar't  nof  a  king  thyfelf  ?•— when  envying  net 
Thcl&t  of  .kin^  no  idle  wilh  diilurbs 
Tby  quiet  life  ;  when,  a  felf-gpvem'd  man, 
Ko  lawsexift  to  theej  and  when  no  change 
With  which-thc  will  of  Heaven  may  vjfit  thee, 
Cn  break  the  even  calinnefs  of  thy  foul  \ 

■'"■'■'      "  /       ■  "  T.Y. 


Tq  the  EdUm  ^  tbc  Mdmbjf  M^aeme, 

SIR, 

tT  is  a  common  obfervation,  that  almoft 
^  bII  great  diJco>vmes  have  bun  fiMmbUd 
u^  ^  cboHU  :  a  multitude  of  tnfiances 
might  eafily  be  cited,  to  confirm  its  truth. 
Now  I  have,  with  concern,  heard  this 
fa£t  employed,  as  an  argument,  to  dif- 
courage  eager  fcientific  rclearch  :  •«  Why 
not  tnift  to  that  chance  which  has  ftruck 
out  the  moft  valuable  inventions  of  paft 
ages  ?  Why  withdraw  from  the  ordinary 
duties  and  pleafurcs  of  life,  to  bqfy  one's 
fclf  in  vain  inveftigations,  which  are,  moil 
probablv,  to  end  in  ridiculous  difappoint- 
ment  V* 

To  me  it  occurs,  that  this  reafoniog, 
which,  to  lazy  ignorance,  appears  but  too 
fpecious,  might  be  filenced  tor  ever,  if  it 
could  be  afcertained,  that  ufrful  imventims 
and  dt/i.pvmes  have  become,  continually  more 
numerous^  preafefy  in  f^portion  as  the  gene- 
ral maji  of  bmnan  knowledge  bos  been  a»g' 
mente'd  axel  d,ffujtd^  cmd  as  the  tbirft  of 
literary  and  Jdentific  curiofity  bas  beet  me 
more  imf>atienty  and  bas  been  excited  Jtili  m 
a  greater  number  of  minds.  Bur  1  know 
no  very  promifing  ineans  of  afcertain'mg 
this,  other  than  to  intreat  you  to  put  the 
que  ft  ion,  through  the  channel  of  your 
Magazine,  *'  Whether  our  ufeful  invcn- 
tions  and  diicoveries  have  not  been  multi- 
plied, in  proportion  as  our  knowledge  has 
been  enlarged  ?*' 

,  Pray  oblige  me  by  putting  this  quef- 
tion.  1  have  little  doubt  but  your  hoft  of 
enlightened  correfpondents  may  eafily 
fumiih  fuch  aofwers  as  (hall  fo^  ever  fix 
the  general  truth  upon  this  ndt  mtimportant 
point. 

I  am,  iir,  your  cnnflant  reader, 

A    FRIEND  TO 
PHILOSOPHICAL  EXPERIMEST. 

Univ€rjity  of  GUtfgow^  Dec.  17,  1797. 
To  tbe  Editor  of  tbe  Mohtbfy  Magasune. 

STR. 

T  PROFESS  rayfelf  a  very  warm  admirer 
*  of  the  writings  of  Mr/  William 
Godwin.  He  has  fciicd  fome  of  the 
moft  important  truths  in  moralitj^,  with  a 
lynx-eyed  intuition,  powerful  to  pierce 
through  every  obfcurity,  and  to  fingle  out 
its  obje6t'at  once,  however  numbericfs  the 
myriads  of  others  among  which  it  majr 
be  entangled.  The  readier  of  his  books 
feels, 'on  many  occasions,  as  if  he  were 
fuddfenly  gifted  with  the  author's  own 
vigorous  intuition ;  and  can  difcem  the 
truth  of  his  moft  valuable  principles, 
without  the  toil  and  pciplesity  of  rcafos- 
'      * •  '  inj 


1798.] 


On  Englijh  Wtights. 


n 


idg.    In  eloquence,    tbh  writer  diftlo. 

gur flies  himfclf  by  &n  irrefiftible  energy, 
which  he  feems  to  derive  from  an  enthu- 
fiaftic  convi^ion  of  the  truth  and  hieh 
importance  of  the  doctrines  which  he 
teicbes.  If  fparing  in  imagery,  if  rarely 
fuccefsful  in  lengthened  ratiocination,  he 
» eminently  excellent  in  fentiments,  and 
he  feeoit  to  know  atl  the  genuine  emotions 
and  language  of  all  the  higher  paffions. 

But  Mr.  Godwin's  erudition,  and 
ercn  his  power  of  reafoning,  in  cafes  of 
very  complex  imd  tedious  deduction,  are 
Tery  unequal  to  the  ardent,  impaffioned 
force  of  his  genius.  A  remarkable  proof 
of  this  appears  in  his  EiTay  on  £ngli(h 
Style.  He  there  fuppofes  it  to  be  a  pre- 
valent opinion,  maintained,  in  particular, 
by  JobnI'oD,  and  other  philologitis  of  high 
auth'^rity,  that  the  Englijb  fyU  written  in 
the  toft  century,  and  even  at  a  time  Jo  remote 
as  w  the  age  of  Queen  Elizabeth^  was^  in 
oU  refpeS^s^  more  perfeQ  than  that  of  our 
coKtemporaries,  This  opinion  he  drives  to 
combat  and  deftroy  by  a  long  indu^on  of 
piff^ges  from  the  eminent  writers  of  fix 
different  periods,  from  the  reign  of  £Ii- 
2ai)cth  to  the  end  of  that  of  George  II. 

Now  the  opinion  againft  which  he  lb 
laborioufly  fights,  never  was  maintained  by 
any  critic,  JOHNSON  and  LOWTH  have 
taught  only,  **  that  the  writings  of  the 
authors  of  the  laft  century,  and  of  the  age 
of  Elizabeth,  contain  an  immenfe  treafure 
9ftvoTds  and  fbrafes,  fuflicitnt  to  exprefs, 
in  fpeech  or  written  compofitton,  even  all, 
oralmod,  all  our  prcfcnc  knowledge  ;  and 
ihit  we  Ibould  do  more  wifely,  to  leek  our 
terms  and  phrafcs  out  of  that  treafure, 
than  continually  to  debafe  our  ftyle  by 
words  and  idioms  affedtedly  introduced 
from  other  languages,  not  richer  than  our 
own."  Mr.  Godwin  has  certainly  not 
refuted  this  opinion  ;  and  I  fuppofe  it  is 
what  will  not  quickly  be  done  by  any 
peribn. 

As  little  do  his  quotations  and  his  ade- 
rilks  appear  to  mc  to  evince  the  badnefs  of 
thoTe  ftyles  which  he  condemns ;  even  his 
own  admirable  ftyle,  and  thofc  of  his  moft 
eminent  cotcmporaries,  are  nor  much  more 
fccure  ag'ainft  fuqh  minute  criticifm,  than 
theftyles  of  Shakspeare,  or  our  rmnf. 
lation  of  the  Bible ;  befides,  the  colouring 
of  words  and  phrafes  partakes  of  the 
changing,  fugitive  nature  of  that  of  Rey- 
KOLOs's  portraits.  I  ibould  undertake, 
too,  to  produce,  from  every  one  of  the 
writer  eked  by  Goiiwin,  inftances  of 
corred  and  eleeant  writing,  to  confiront 
his  examples  of  mosrre^ctt. 

^4Mr.  3,179s,  H.  R. 


To  tbe  Editor  oftbe  Monthly  MagoKine, 

STR, 

'X'HE  following  remarks  upon  our 
^  Englilh  weights,  are  fubmitted  to 
the  confide  ration  of  your  correfpondent^ 
J.  R.  not  under  the  idea  of  their  convey- 
ing to  him  that  learned  and  corred  in- 
formation which  he  folicits,  but  on  the 
contingency  of  their  fupplying  him  with 
fome  fa6ts  that  may  have  efcaped  his  own 
refearches,  affd  with  the  additional  view 
of  contributing  to  the  gratification  of  fuch 
(if  your  readers  as  are  lefs  acquainted  with 
the  fubje6t  \  the  great  difficulty  of  which 
will,  I  truft,  apologize  for  the  errors  that 
I  may  commit. 

It  appears  to  have  been  a  favourite, 
objed  with  the  legiflators  of  the  middle 
ages,  to  accomplifii  equality,  or  unity,  in 
weights  and  meafurcs.  Thus,  in  the 
laws  of  the  Lombards,  wc  find,  *<  t)e 
menfuris,  ut  fecund um  juffionem  noftram 
equales  fiane.'*  In  the  capitulary  of  Chail^ 
lemagne,  **  Unufquifque  habeat  aquam 
menfuram  <^ equates modios\*  and  again, 
**  Ut  aquales  menftras  (sf  reSas  ^  pondeta 
jufia  Ssf  aquaiia  omnes  habeant."  In 
Magna  Charta,  "  Una  menfura  viris  fit 
per  totum  regnum  noftrum  &  una  men- 
fura cerevitise  Sc  una  menfura  bladi;  de 
ponderibus  vcro  fit  ficut  de  menfuris." 
This  claufe,  or  the  fubftance  of  it,  is  re- 
peated in  many  of  our  fubfequent  ftatutes ; 
but  the^  numerous  regulations  upon  this 
fubje^^,  unequivocal iy  prove  the.  impoffi- 
bility  of  efifedling  fo  jull  and  laudable  a 
purpofe,  and  yet  leave  us  quite  in  the 
dark  with  refpe6t  to  what  h;id  occurred  t» 
prevent  it.  The  obftru^ion  may  panly 
have  arifen  from  the  difficulty  of  obtaining 
a  common  medium  ;  and  therefore,  in  aU 
countries,  there  muft  have  been  a  perpe- 
tual variation,  both  in  weights  and  mea* 
fures.  In  France,  there  were  fcarcely 
two  cities  to  be  found  in  which  they 
agreed. 

The  next  thing  to  be  examined,  1$  the 
origin  and  progrelfion  of  the  varioua 
alterations  that  have  been  made  in  6ur 
weights. 

It  has  been  aflcrtedj  but  I  bdtere  wkil« 
out  any  proof,  that  William  I,  rugom  Mt 
arrival  in  England,  changed  the  Weights 
of  his  newly-acquired  donmiimiSt  tn4 
introduced  thofe  of  Normandv^  and  (lai^- 
ticulariy  the  /n^  weigHt.*-Aithough  it  U 
not  impollibte  that  the  troy  wcighc 
might  have  been  knowu  to  the  Konnans* 
from  their  ancient  conBe5lion  with  Cham- 
pagne, yet  this  weight  does  not  appear  la 
our  ftatotes,  as  wiU  be  hereafter  Aowji, 
uiitU  a  mvch  Utecperi0d ;  bdides»  it  ap- 
pears,. 


Ott  Ej^KJb  fVtighu. 


(J««. 


pean,  from  William's  pwn  laws,  that  he 
cftabliflied  the  weights  and  meafures  of 
his  predeccflbrs  in  this  kingdom,  '<  Ec 
^uoQ  habeant  per  univerlum  regoum 
menfurat  (idclifllmas  &  fignaUF,  &  p^m- 
dcra^  fidcliiTima  &  fignata  ficut  bonis  prx- 
deceifores  (latuerai^t." — Leg.  57.  dc  men- 
furis  &  pondcribus.  I  am  aware  that 
bis  I^atin  laws  are  not  without  imputa- 
tion •£  forgery,  and  that,  confcquently, 
little  or  no  ftrefs  can  be  laid  upon  this 
quotation.  His  pennies  are  aid)  found 
to  have  been  of  thp  fame  ftandard  as  thofe 
cf  his  Sixon  predccenTors,  another  argu- 
ment that  he  did  not  change,  at  leaft,  the 
money  weight  of  the  kingdom  j  and  it  is 
Teryprobable,  as  we  fliall  perceive  in  the 
courie  of  even  this  flight  invedigation, 
that  there  was  no  other  at  this  time. 

In  the  alTize  of  meafures  of  Richard  I, 
the  pound  and  other  weights  aredire6ted 
to  be  of  the  fame  Quantity,  or  f^ecific 
gravity,  throughout  the  kingdom,  accord- 
ing to  the  diverlity  of  merchandife.  Here 
we  perceive,  and  I  beiicvo  for  the  firft 
time,  a  variety  in  the  dandard  weights 
•f  the  land. 

In  the  '*  Compofitio  de  Ponderibus,'* 
the  date  of  which  does  not  appear,  rtyMigh 
*  it  is  probably  before  Edward  III,  the 
pound,  fur  fpiccs  and  drugs,  was  to  con- 
tain twenty  (hillings,  and  for  all  other 
commodities  twenty -five  (billings.  The 
pQund  al fo  for  drugs  was  to  contain 
twelve  ounces ;  and  the  ounce  wat^  at  all 
times,  to  contain  twenty  pence :  thus  we 
fee  there  were,  at  this  time,  two  pounds ; 
the  one  of  twelve  ounces,  the  other  of 
^teen :  the  latter  is  called  the  merchants' 
pound,  in  Fleta,  written  about  this  time 
10  which  the  compofuio  de  pondcribus  was 
ipade .  The  author  alfo  fpeaks  of  the  pound 
pi  twelve  oimces,  as  making  twenty  (hil- 
lings, and  of  (he  ounce  of  twenty  pence. 

I  (hall  here  take  occafion  to  obfcrve, 

that  our  oldeft  pound  would  naturally  be 

ff  twelve  ounces,  like  the  Roman  itbra  ; 

and  this  is  proved  from  the  word  irtcb^ 

ivhich    is  the    fame  as  outKe^  i.  e.    the 

twelfth  pan  of  any  thing.     Agricola,  in  a 

Vx^tySp  *'  dePooderibus  &  Menfuri^,"  is 

«i^i4tp  describe  two  diiferent  pounds,  the 

^oqe    9^   twelve,    the    other    of    fixteen 

^9Dce^;.tiie.6rft  of  thefc  he  calls  iibra 

jnejica^  the  pthcr  libra  ciuilts  ;  but,  as  I 

Jiave  npt  fepiiiis  work,,  it  remains  to  be 

jafcertained,.  of  what  antiquity  are  thefe 

weights,  aful  wherp  mvie  ufe  of  r 

In  the  iiat.  Weflm.  3 1  E^w.  Ill,  c.  a, 
fnentipn  is^n.aije  9f  '*  ^ytit^hts  9f  Exche- 
fuec^aiuUr^'V  ^ut  ^icither  the  terms 


troy  nor  averdi^s  are  ufed  upon  thii 
occafimi. 

The  above  may.  (erve  as  a  flight  (ketch 
of  the  alterations  in  our  weights,  after  the 
conqueft  ;  let  us  next  eodeavour  to  throw 
fome  fmall  light  upon  th6fe  obi'cure  terms, 
troy  and  eevcrdupoii, 

I  (hould  fcarcely  have  troubled  the 
reader  with  the  following  opinion*  rcUiing 
to  the  origin  of  troy  weight,  were  it  not 
for  the  purpofe  of  cunfuting  it.  The 
laws  of  E<lward  theConfciTor  mention, 
that  the  court  of  Huftings,  in  the  city  of 
London,  had  been  buiit  after  the  manner, 
ar.d  in  memory  of,  the  city  pf  Troy, 
thereby  adopting  the  fabulous  account  of 
the  fuundatioo  of  London  by  the  Tro- 
jans. To  fupport  this  comparifon, 
Str\'  pe,  in  his  edition  of  Stowe's  Survey 
of**  London,  a(rumes,  that  the  troy  weight 
was  called,  in  tbe  time  of  the  Saxons,  the 
Huttings  weight.  He  (hows'  authority, 
indeed,  fcr  the  exiftence  of  Hu(^ings 
weight;  bur,  to  have  proved  his  p)int, 
he  (hould  have  (hown  that  HulliDgs 
weight  was  alfo  called  troj^  weight. 

The  more  common  opinion  is,  that  the 
troy  weight  was  imported  with  the  Noir- 
mans  ;  but  this  is  improbable,  for  the  fol- 
lowing reafons:  i.  Tha;^ William,  as  has 
been  already  ihown,  did  not  change  the 
weights  of  the  kingdom;  2.  That,  in  the 
ficd.Fmis^  5  lUn,  III,  the  weights  are 
not  defer ibcd  in  troy,  but  money  weights, 
and  the  fame  in  the  ftatn  51  Ed'w.  \\ 
3.  That  the  pound  troy  is  not  mentioned 
in  the  (laiutc-book,  nor  elfewhere,  that  I 
can  find,  until  the  id  Hen.  V,  c.  4,  in  the 
(latute  of  Weftminfter,  relating  to  gold- 
fmiths. 

As  a  flandard  weight,  it  occurs,  I  believe 
for  the  firft  time,  in  12  Hen.  VII,  c.  5. 
The  non- exigence,  as  far  as  I  have  been 
able  to  trace,  of  a  troy  pound,  feems  to 
prove  that  this  weight  could  never  have 
been  ultd  for  heavy  articles  of  any  kim!, 
nor  was  it  ufed  as  a  money  weight,  untii^ 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIFI. 

As  to  the  origin  of  the  term,  there  arc 
different  opinions.  The  more  common 
one  is,  that  it  came  from  Troyes,  in  Cbar::' 
pagne*  Du  Cange  fays,  that  troy  weight 
was  ufed,  not  only  in  France,  but  in  Ger- 
many, England,  Spain,  Flanders,  and  other 
parts  of  Europe,  and  that  this  arofc  from 
the  celebrity  of  the  fair  at  Troyesf. 
Biihc^p    Hooper,   however,   objedts,    with 

•  Survey  of  Londoth  VoL  II,  p.  466j 
Edit.  1755. 

f  Gloflar,  V.  Mare^ 

IT"; 


'798.: 


OnEngllJh  Wtightu 


»5 


great  reafon,  to  thk  opinion,  from  having 
noticed  that,  in  a  document  given  by  Du 
Cangc,  a  fpecific  difference  is  made  be- 
tween the  mark  of  England  and  that  of 
Troves;  and,  firtding  a  coincidence  be- 
tween tiie  EngHih  ounce,  and  that  ufed 
by  the  rooricyers  and  apothecaries  in 
Egypt,  conjedares  that  troy  weight 
might  have  been  fo  denomiiatcd,  from  the 
j^rabian  word,  Taraw^  which  fignifics 
rpiccs*.  Had  he  recollcfted  there  was  a 
city  of  Troy,  in  Egypt,  he  might  have 
gone  farther;  but  in  neither  cafe  does  the 
opinion  feem  defcrving  of  much  attention. 
The  biftop  adds,  that  Sir  Henry  Sp el- 
man  gppcara  to  have  thought  that  our 
troy  weight  was  not  borrowed  from  the 
c.ty  of  Treves,  from  his  ftyling  it  libra 
T'ojatm  (anil  Trttja  pondus)  and  not 
Trrccnj!'  but  Spelm  AN,  aware,  perhaps, 
of  the  diflficulty,  does  not  enter  into  the 
fubjci^,  though  he  dcfcribes  many  other 
tlrts  of  pounds. 

With  fefpe6t  to  cPVerduf>ois  lufigbt,  it 
^ii'i  be  neceffary  to  examine,  in  the  firll 
ir.ftance,  its  etymology.  It  is,  as  to  this 
Mngdom,  undoubtcdiy  a  Norman- French 
word,  and  implies  cither  habere  pondus ^ 
•r  habere  dcb'tinTfi  pondus,  (Vboir  du  potds : 
Aouid  the  fatter  appear  too  fanciful,  let  it 
b«  remembered,  th;it  the  idiom  of  the 
French  language  would  now  require,  in 
tile  former  inftancc,  avoir  U  poidsy  though 
it  is  impotfible  to  criticife,  with  any  de- 
cree of  certainty,  upon  the  old  French. 
The  older  word  is  {imply  onierium,  or 
wm/z,  w)\sch,  from  innumerable  Inftances, 
appears  to  have  denoted  all  kinds  of 
ntvcaWc  property.  Du  Cange  derives  it 
from  the  French  cevoir^  but  I  ihould  rather 
''  'ppofe  it  a  barbarous  term  from  habtre^ 
'he  common  parent.  In  the  "  Liber 
Cmfuctudinum  Imperii  Romaniae,"  which 
wjs  compofcd.in  the  thirteenth  century, 
and  exhibits  a  moft  curious  fpecimen  of 
fc  Italian  language  of  that  period,  I  find 
rfie  word  avcitria  ufed  for  land  ;  and  the 
lorrn,  varioufly  difguifed,  was  probably 
i-^^dicatirc  of  property  of  all  kinds  :  it  was 
-■i>  ufed  in  the  old  Spaniih  language. 
bpELMAN's  derivation  from  oitvre  fcarcely 
^^cfervcs  notice. 

Averdupois  occurs  in  our  ftatutes,  in  the 
r.nfe  of  heavy  mtrchandife  in  general, 
and  I  believe,  for  the  firft  time,  in  the 
liat.  York,  9  E«iw.  Ill,  and  frequently 
iftcrwardi.  As  a  weight,  it  docs  not 
appear  in  the  ftatutcs,  until  24  Hen.  VIII> 

*  Ho*per*s  Enquiry  into  the  Statw  of  the 
Ancient  Meafur«Sj  |p^«>435i437» 


c.  3,  where  it  is  called  lawful  noetght,  but 
was  certainly  knovyn  long  before,  for 
Strype.  in  his  edition  of  Stowe's 
Survey,  Vol.  II,  p.  344,  gives  an  extraft  . 
from  the  records  of  the  tvtj  of  Loiuloa^ 
6  £d.  II,  in  which  it  is  mentioned.  I  think 
it  is  more  probable  that  the  weight  was  de- 
nominated from  the  merchandife,  than  the 
latter  from  the  weight,  notwithftanding 
CowEL  infers  the  contrary. 

By  ftat.  17  Edw.  Ill,  ftat.  2,  c.  10,  it 
is  direfted,  that  all  averdupois  commodi-  ' 
ties  be  told  by  one  method  of  weighing, 
that  is,  by  even  balance,  without  inclina<* 
tion  of  the  fcales  to  cither  fide,  as  appears 
to  have  been  fometimes  fraudulently  prac- 
ti fed.  A  (imilar  ordinance  had  been 
already  made,  in  the  reign  of  Edw,  T, 
notwithftanding  a  remonftrance  on  the 
part  of  the  mayor  and  flieriffs  of  'London, 
that  a  contrary  pra6tice  had  immemorialljr 
prevailed,  with  refpeft  to  averdupois 
goods,  as  appears  from  the  plea  books  of 
Edward  T  &  1 1,  cited  by  Cowel  1;.  Pondus,^ 
Regis.  I  wo\ild  here  remark  that,  in  my 
humble  judgment,  Cowel,  or  his  editor, 
ha<  mifconccived  the  meaning  of  xht  ex- 
tract from  the  plea  books,  and  that  the 
term  pondus  regis'  meant  nothing  more 
than  the  rofyal,  of  authorifed  weight,  as  to 
averdupois  goods,  and  not  a  different,  ti^t 
troy  weight. 

In  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  our  weichta 
were,  at  length,  regulated  by  the  prelertt- 
mcnt  of  a  jury,  which,  for  troy  weight, 
adopted  a  ftandard  at  Goldfmithb*  HaH, 
«*  of  ancient  ufe,'*  and  for  averdupois 
*>  an 'ancient  ftan/lard  of  56lb.  remaining 
in  the  Exchequer  fince  tlie  time  of  king 
Edward  III,  and*  then  in  ufe.'*  This 
prefentment  was  afterwards  ^liov^ed-  by 
the  quceft  and  her  council,  and  a  pro- 
clamation iffued  for  the  making  of  weights 
agreeable  thereto,  and  for  cTiftributing 
them  throughout  the  kingdom,  ih  the 
places  mentioned  in  ftat.  H(;n.  VII*. 

Patterns  of  the  above  weights  were 
depofitcd  in  the  Exchequer,  wh(ftre  the 
averdupois  weight  of  fourteen  pouhds  is 
marked  with  a  crowned  E,  ^d  infcribedl 

XIIII  POVNDE  AVERDEPOI^  KLllA- 
BETH  REGINA,  15)^2  +  .  The  trof 
weights,  marked  alfo  with  a  CrOWited  E» 
are  ounces  from  25602.  to  the  pxteenth 
part  of  an  ounce.  There  being  no  po\inda 
troy,  feems  a  proof  that  that  weight  wjw 
never  defigned  foir  heavy  articles.  Other 
weights  tn  the  Exchequer  are  dated  i6ot. 


•  Strype'f  Stowe,  IF,  34$. 
t  Philof,  Trwlaa.  No.  470, 


A  Complete 


i6 


JttaJil^  Socittiet. 


rjan. 


A  compkcc  fet  of  troy  and  avcrdupoU 
weights,  dated  15SS,  were  delivered  to 
the  chutchwardcns  of  the  parifii  of  St. 
Margaret,  Wcllminflcr,  purfuant  to  the 
proclamation  of  that  year,  and  were  fteti, 
Decern bcr  i749»  '»  fine  prefervation,  itt 
the  veftry-rwmi  of  that  church,  where 
they  probably  ftill  remain.  Thcfe  arc 
in«aeinc  J  to  be  the  moft  perfect  models  of 
thofc  ftandards  that  arc  txtant*.. 

In  the  year  1696,  an  expcrfment  was 
made  at  tne  Exchequer,  to  afccrtain  the 
proponiou  between  the  troy  and  ayer- 
dupois  ftanddrds,  wlii.n  i5lbs.  of  the  lat- 
ter were  found  ec^ual  to  i8lbs.  ipzs. 
15  dwts.  troy,  which  fixes  the  pound 
averdupois,  at  7000  grs.  troy,  and  the 
troy  pound  at  5760;  and  upon  three 
iereral  trials  made  by  the  gentlemen  of 
the  council  of  the  Royal  Society,  at  the 
fame  place,  upon  a  medium,  the  pound 
averdupois,  was  found  equal  to  7000.25 
grains  troy.  Bifliop  Hooper  fays,  the 
pound  averdupois,  is  to  the  troy  as  175  to 
^44,  and  is  equal  to  7 000  grains  troy ;  but 
Its  ounce,  which  is  the  fixtecmh  pan  of  it, 
if  equal  td  437.5  fucb  graius,  whereof  the 
ounce  troy  is48ot. 

Wine  meafure  has  generally  been  con- 
fidcrcd  as  equal  to  troy  weight ;  and  the 
ale  gallon  is  |aid  to  bear  the  fame  propor. 
tion  to  the  wine  gallon,  as  the  averdupois 
pound  does  to  the  troy. 

There  is  another  pound  weight  which 
may  dcferve  feme  nonce  before  we  quit  the 
fubjci^r  and  that  is,  the  lower,  or  money- 
crs*  pound.  Mr,  Folkes  thinks  that 
this  was  ihe  pound  in  coipmon  ufq  before 
the  Conqueft ;  to  which  I  beg  leave  to  add, 
that  it  may  be  the  Hufiings  weight  al- 
ready mentioned.  The  tower  weights 
continued  to  be  ufed  iJicrc  until  Henry 
y  11  J,  by  an  order  of  council  only  ;  and, 
without  the  fandlion  of  parliament,  efta- 
Wiflicd  the  trdy  weight  m  its  ftead,  and 
ordained  that  the  oihcr  iliould  be  no 
more  ufcd.  It  was  found,  upon  this 
occafion,  that  the  gravity  ot  twelve 
ounces,  or  the  tower  pound,  was  in  pro- 
portion to  twelve  ounces  troy,  as  5400  to 
CO  576o,4)ras  xjo  to  260. 

I  am,  fur,  &c. 

Dec>  tu  1797-  D. 

To  tbg  Edhor  of  ibe  Monthly  Magazine. 
8IK, 
nnHE  fubjc^t  of  your  Lincolnlhire  cor- 
*  refpondcni's  letter,  p,  344,  i^  a  pleaf. 

•  Maitlan^?*  Hiftocy  of  Londuo,  aid  private 
MS.  menorand. 
t  Howpcr**  Snquiry,  p.  !•. 


inp  pro#f  of  the  general  cirtulation  and 
utility'  of  your  mo&  valuable  Magazine, 
and,  at  the  fame  time,  of  the  importance 
of  what  has  already  appeared  in  it  re- 
fpedting  Book  Societies. 

Every  candid    liberal  perfon    among 
your  readers  mull  join  in  wiihinfi;  this 
gentleman  and  his  pubiic-fpirited  friends 
all  pofiible  fuccefs.    Their  good   fenfc 
will  of  courfe  fuggeft  the  propriety  of 
obtaining  copies  of  the  rules  of  as  many 
oth^r  Reading  Societies  as  thty  can  meet 
with,  in  order  to  felefV  the  beft  from 
each,  and  to  form  a  perft£l  whole.    Per- 
mit me  in  this  view  refpedfully  to  fug- 
gcft  to  them,  the  careful  pcrufal  of  ^our 
correfpondent  Mercaitfr\  letter,  vol.  iv.  p. 
264. — The.^vil  he  complains  of  is  indeed 
real,  Increafing,  and  therefore  Ihould  be 
carefully  guarded  againft.     Perhaps  the 
following  cafy  plan  would  be  effectual  for 
this  purpofc  : — Let  the    committee  be 
changed  every  three  months  j,  and  let  the 
new  one  be  compofed  of  fuch  members 
as  Ihall  be  drawn  by  the  librarian  oar  of 
an  urn,  containing  the  names  of  all  the 
fociety   except  the  laft  committee.     By 
this  means  all  underhand  combinationst 
clerical  bigorry,  or  party  fpirit»  will  be 
prevented   as  much    as   poCible;    each 
member   will  have  the  opportunity  of 
gratifying  his  own  lafte,  fubjed  to  proper 
regulations,  in  the  choice  of  books,  and 
free  difcufCon,  fo  elfeiuial  to  the  fpread  of 
literary  knowledge,  be  greatly  promoted. 

Perhaps  too,  it  would  be  uleful  if  at 
certain  fixed  periods,  fuppole  every  fix 
years,  the  books  in  the  library  were  to 
be  infpeftedby  the  whole  fociety  at  their 
annual  meetings,  and  fuch  of  them  as 
were  rcjcfled  by   the  vote  or  ballot  of 
three -founhs  of  the  members  lubo  have 
previovjly  ferufidjuih  boiku  were  fold,  and 
the  money  arifing  from  the  falc  of  them 
applied  to  the  purchafe  of  new  books. 
In  the  hafiy,  unpremeditated  manner  in 
which  great  numbers  of  books  are   in- 
troduced into  fuch  libraries  as  thefe  in 
queftion,  there  muft,  of  courfe,  be  many 
which  are  of  but  liule  value  in  the  cfti- 
xnation  of  the  majority  of  the  f  ubfcribcrs, 
and   which   dilappoint    the    expe£Uiti6n 
even  of  the  propofer  himfclf.    Now,   in 
fi^ch  cafes,  there  feems  to  be  a  great  itn- 
propriety,   as  well  as  lofs,  in  permitting 
books    of  this   defcriptioa  to  remain  as 
part  of  the  flock  of  the  fubfcribers,  feeing 
thev  arc  in  reality  no  better  than  mere 
ufefefs  lumber.     The  only  cafe  which  is 
requifite  on  fuch  oecafions,  is  to  guard 
again d  the  e§c6^s  of  bigotry  and  {>artj 
fpirit  i  for  which  purp5e  a  very  Kttle 
4  ^         prcvioB» 


»79M 


PrcbUm^f'To^^ .'».  IrelanJ^ 


'7 


pnrkmi  attention  will  be  fuficiwit,  as  the  The  (Jittancc  from  th*.  /Lore .  ^hencc 

rejcaed  books  muft  have  been  perufcd  by  you  canbark  to  that  on  which  you  land  is 

the  members  who  vote  aeainft  them,  and  about  twenty .  leagues,  and  the  paflage, 

a  lam  proportion  of  iheCc  members  muft  which  is  a  vtry  fafe  one,  varies  of  courfc 

agree  in  opinion  before  the  rejeaioili  can-  in  point  of  time,  according  to  a  Favourable 


take  place. 

In  hopes  of  feeing  thcfc  hints  in  your 
next  Magazine,  I  remain,  Hr, 

Your  conftant  reader, 
LlS£R. 

To  tbe  Editor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine^ 

SIR, 

T  WILL  thank  any  of  your  philcfOf^hi- 
*"  cal  correi'poodcnts  for  ai'ulution  of  tlie 
following  problem  * 

Place  two  %cffcis of  tqual  capacity,  one 
on  the  grouuJ,  and  another  elevated 
thirty  feet  in  the  air,  during  a  lh«»wer  of 
rain  ^  when  it  is  ov&t,  the  vcffel  on  the 
ground  will  be  found  to  contain  nearly  a 
tiiird  more  in  quantity  of  watet"  than 
the  other.  The  fa£t  has  been  afccrtain- 
cd  by  numerous  experiments,  but  ntver 
fitisfafUMilf  explained.  B. 

Fvr  tbe  Montbfy  Magazine, 
A  Tour  from  Lovdon  to   Dub- 
lin   AND    SOME  OTHRRP^RTS    OP 

Ireland;    vi3&.    the  Counties 

OF     KiLDARE       AND      WiCKLOW,' 
MADE     IN    THC^SUMMER   OF    1797. 


or  unfavourable  wind;  fometimes  being 
made  in  (ix  and  at  others  not  in  4S  hours  5 
but  the  general  average  paifage  is  from 
twelve  to  twenty-four  hours.  Whenever 
the  packet  arrives  near  the  Irifh  c«)aft, 
which  in  confeautuce  of  the  packet  ge« 
nerally  failing  in  the  evening,  is  about 
fun- rife,  Dublin  Bay  prefents  itfelf  to 
the  view,  being  one  ot  the  moll  delightful 
and  pi^lurefque  fcenes  in  the  wo|ld.  In- 
deed its  fplendid  appearance  has  never 
been  quellioncd  by  any  traveller,  nor  has 
even  a  parallel  been  drawn  between  it, 
and  any  other  view,  except  that  of  the 
Bay  of  Naples  ;  and  connoilfeurs  are  ftill 
undetermined  to  which  of  the  two  the 
preference  ought  tu be  given.  It  prcfcnt* 
a  long  range  of  diverfincd  mountains,  en- 
riched by  a  multiplicity  of  beaiitiful  dc- 
mefnes,  which,  when  thus  befpangled' 
with  the  beams  of  the  inorning  fun,  can- 
not be  delineated  with  equal  beauty  by 
the  pencil  of  tl^e  moft  fcientific  artid. 
Thele  mountains  begin  from  the  water*a 
edge,  and  gradually  and  proudly  riTe  ia 
fucce(rK)n  for  many  miles,  untii,  in  the 
language  of  Orheflo,  **  Tbeir  tops  touch- 
heaven,''  In  the  midft  of  this  app^renc 
Alliance,  but  nearer  the  bottom  of  the 
fcen%  is  difcovered  the  city  6f  Dublin 
(th^  Metropolis  of  Ireland)whofe  ftecples, 
inJeed  it  is  to  be  lamentedi  are  fo  few,  at 


MR.    EDITOR, 

l/Y  prefent  intention  is  to  give  (through 
^^  the  medium  of  the  Monthly  Maga- 
zine) an  impartial  view  of  fome  parts  of 

Ireland  in  its  prefent  flate,  which  I  hope  the  fame  time  that  this  view  of  Dublin  is 

will  not  prove  unentertaining  or  altogc-  the  m^ft  unfavourable  which  can  betaken, 

iher  unworthy  the  attention  of  your  nu-  The  moft  eligible  is  that  which  prefenta 

nicrous  resdtrs  ;  and  as  a  dcfcription  of  i;felf  from  the  Phoenix  Park,  a  place 

thofc  parts  of /r^/aW  which  I  ihall  men-  weft  ward   of  Dublin,  of  which  I  flialt 

tion  is  my  fole  obj;:£^,   I  ihall  not  dwell  .fpeak  hereafter.    As  you  approach  near 

vi>on  fuch  parts  of  England  and  Wales  as  the  capital,  you  behold  that  grand  pro- 

I  pais  through  on  my  route,  but*  notice  montory,  the  hill  of  Howth,  proudly  pro- 

thcm  fo  far  only  as  they  are  fubfcrvicnt  jedting  into  the  fea  upon  the  right  hand  ; 

to  the  dcfign  of  this  paper.                 .^  while  upon  the  left,  or  to  the  fouthward. 

From  London  rhen,throughKe\v,'RitIi-  and  a  little  nearer  the  capital,  is  the  Ca« 


foon,  or  light-houfe,  a  very  handfome 
circular  building,  raifed  in  the  ocean,  6ve 
miles  from  Dublin.  Upon  this  extent, 
which  runs  five  miles  into  the  fea,  there 


mond,  Staines,  VVindfor,  Henley- upv*n- 
Thanies,  Oxford,  and  Blenheim,  I  pro- 
ceeded to  Shrewibury^     Thence  I   di- 

leded  my  courfe  through  thofe  beautiful  wnicti  runs  tive  miles  into  tne  lea,  tuere 

pans     of     North    Wales,    Llangollen,  is  now  completed  a  great  wall  of  dura- 

Llanwft,  Conway,  Bangor,  and  Sang^ir  ble  ftone-work,   riGng    about  ten    fee( 

Ferry,  as  far  as  to  Holy. head,  where  I  above  high  water  mark,  and  thirty  feet 

embarked  on  board  one  of  his  majeflv*s  wide  upjn  the  furface.     This  great  un- 

packets  for  Dublin.    This  velTet  fets  fail  dcrtaking  is  of  the  inoft  elTential  fervice 

every  evening  (Tuefday  excepted)  as  fooii  to  (hips  trailing  to  and  from  Dublin,  as 

after  the  arrival  of  the  Irilh  mail  frgn^  ir  prevents  a  great  bank  of  floating  fand 

London  (which  is   generally  about   lix^  which  lies  to  the  fouthward,  from  join- 

o'clock  ift  the^cvening)  as  tne  tide  will'  ing  w^th. another  ffinrilar  bank  to  the 

permit.                        ^          '  nordiward^callcd  the  North  Bull,  which 


MoiiTBLY  Mag.  X^VII. 


has 


iS' 


•2W  f  •  Jrtlm£ 


:[5»tu 


has  been',  atid  ftiU  in  rempefttiOQS  wetther  ilfept.  Oyer  ^iliis  colomside  U  t  pediment, 

cbhtiniiestobe,  Extremely  injurious,  and  upon    which   it    ensdted   three    ftuacs 

fometimes  fatal  to  trading  vefleir,  which  larger  than  life,  exceil«ntly  fciUptored  in 

arc  not  perfeAly  acquainted  w  tH  the  en-  Porttand  ftone,  reprefentiog  Wisdom, 

trance  into  this  harbour,     rb>  wall  thus  Jvst ice,  and  Liberty.    It.is,  how- 


keeps  the  nftouih  of  the  harbour  from  be- 
ing  choked  up.  Three  miles  nearer 
Dublin,'  at  a*  place  called  the  Pigcon- 
hbufe,  and  fituated  upon  this  wall,  the 
packet  lands  her  palTengers  in  a  fine  and 


ever,  a  circumftancc  no  lefs  extraordinaqr 
than  true,'  that  although  this  expenfiTc 
eaftem  front  was  deigned  .for  tlie^rand 
entrance  of  the-Lord  Lieutenant,  when 
he  -proceeds  to  parliament  to  open  and 


newly  ere^cd  dock,  where  now  alfo  a    clofe  the  fclfions,  as  well  as  to  give  the 
Tcry^fpacious  hotel  is  nearly  compleated,    royal  afient  to  (uch  bills  as  the  Irilh  par; 


ii>to  which  the  paffengcrs  can  inftantly 
retire  upon  land-ng^  a  circumftance  hi- 
therto much  wanted  by  all  pcrfons  re- 
fpning  to  that  pan  of  the  fifter  kingdom. 
In  eonlmi^ting  my  obfervations  upon 
the  city  of  Dublin  to  paper,  1  ihall  begin 
with  the  public  buildings,  and  firft  with 


liament  enadl,  yet  not  any  Lord  Lieute- 
nant Jias  ever  entered  t^e  Iriih  hoafe  of 
peers  through  the  fuperb  portico  fince 
thofe  faid  three  fratues  ot  WiSDOMt 
Justice,  and  Liberty  have  been 
e  reded  I  but  he  proceeds  in  his  ufual  fute 
through  the  old  frosty  which  has  never 


the  Parliament- houfe,  the  fouth  front  of  bun  tUcoraied  with  any  of  tbofc  ^mbUm. 
which  has,  for  many  years,  been  the  ad-  To  which  we  may  add,  tbat  ahis  hand, 
miratidn  ofall  whoarcwell  ftillcd  in  ar-    fome,  tliough   uncorrefpondiag^   eaftem 


chite£turc.  It  is  compofcd  of  a  maffy  co- 
lonnade of  the  Ionic  order  ;  the  bafe  of 
every  column  being  three  feet  fix  inches 
in  diameter.  Thefe  columns  all  fpring 
from  an  elevated  platform,  to  which  you 
afcend   by  a  flight  of  ftcps,  which   do 


froot>ia  joined  to  the  fouth  front,  by  an  . 
unmeamng  heavy  curuia- wall.  A  few 
yeart  after  this  portico  was  raifed,  the. 
Houfe  of  Commons  was  refoived  to  have  a 
front  eretted  to  the  weftward,  of  the 
building,  as  if  determined  not,  to  be  out* 


not,  as  is  too  often  the  cafe,  tamely  reft    done  by  the  lords  ^  and,  acoordingly^  a 
upon  the  bafe  of  the  column,  but  are  re-    committee  of  the  guardians  of  the  public 


fularly  elevated  upon  the  pcdcftal  truly 
clonging  to  that  order  of  architefture, 
and  thus  giving  the  whole  order  in  per- 
fe£tlon.  Independent  of  the  entrance  in 
the  centre  of  this  colonnade.,  the  eaftem 


purfe  was  appoinud  to  fix  and  cleter- 
mine  upon  a  plan  and  elevation.  A  wef- 
tern  front  indeed  they  did  ere£t.  But 
how  ?  Not  like  either  the  fouth  or  the 
eaft  front ;  but  one  defigncd  by  ihem- 


and  weftcrn  extremities  of  this  front  pre-  felvcs,  forming  a  portico,  con  fi  ft  ing   of 

fent  you  with  a  bold  prcije6tion   of  the  four  columns  of  the    Ionic    order,  and 

fame  colonnade,  continued  for  many  feet,  much  inferior  to  thofe  in  the  fouth  ;  to 

and  forming  two  other  grand  inflated  which  grand  front,  however,  they  have 

entrances.  conne6^cd  it,   by  a  range  of  unmeaning 

About  twelve  vears  ago,  it  was  thought  columns  prujcaing  about  fix  feet  beyond 

expedient   to  tate  away  a  little  of  the  another  clumfy  curtain-wall.-  Thus  is 

overflowing  money  from  the  Irrfli  trea-  this  once  grand,  and  now  expenlive  pile 

fury,  and  with  it  to  ereft  a  new  front  to  of  building,  rendered,  by  the  jarring  opi- 

that  part    of    the  building  called    the  nions  of  lords  and  commons,  one  of  the 

Houfe  of  Lords.  For  this  purpofe  a  com-  nioft  heterogeneous  edifices  ever  ere^ed. 

mittceof  thefe  hereditary  couiifellors  of  The  infidcof  the  Iriih  Houfe  of  Lords 

the  crown  wafr  appointed,  and  a  plan  and  is  fomething  fimilar  to  that  at  Wcftmin- 

elevation  was  propofed,  which  was  carri-  fter.    The  walls  arc  h»ng  with  tapifrry, 

ed  into  execution,  and  finiihed  in  1791.  finely  executed,  reprefeniing  Kjng  Wii- 

This  BOW  form»  the  eaft  front  of  that  liam  at  the  battle  of  the  Boyne  ;  but  the 

building :  and  had  this  eaftem  front  been  infidcof  the  Irifii  Houfe  of  Commons  is  a 

frefted  in  any  place  uflconnefted  with  very  beautiful  firufturc  of  an  diagonal 

other  buildinp,  it  cenainly  would  de-  form,  found  which  there  is  a  Urge  and 

fcrvetobe  cckbfated,  as  it  is  compofcd  commodious  gallery 'for  fpeftators.     Co- 


This  portico  has  no  pcdeftals  fpringing  handtome  baluftradc.  Thil  Houfe  of 
from  the  bafe  of  the  column,  which  refts  Commons,  which  is  juft  finiihed,  is,  with 
^pon  *  platform,  elcwed  by  three  ftone    a  little    improtement,*  fimilar   to    one 


which 


1798.] 


Miir00frifi9n  difindidi 


which  was'delftfoyed'by'aii  aecidenttl  fire 
on  the  27th  of  February,  I79if  a«d 
wh'ch  ftood  upon  the  fame  (itc. 

DuMin'Canle,  the  feat  of  the  refident 
Lord  Lieutenant,  is  a  very  handfome  and 
commodious  palace.  I(s  beauty,  how- 
ever, has  been  mueh  injured  by  the  pre- 
fent  Marquis  of  Buckingham,  both  ex- 
ternally and  internally  *,  ereroally,  by 
ftopping  up  a  very  chafte  and  light  ar- 
cade in  the  principal  front,  when  he  was 


Mekerchus,  is  ii«t  a  rbytning  hexameter. 
It  is  not  only  rhyming,  but  doubly irhjftn* 
iog:  as  perfectly  fo,  as 

Suaiendo  flultls  oleum  difperderje  vultis  I 

or  any  other- Icon -nc  verfe.  But  havXg 
learned,  it  (^ould  feem,  from  the  pfofofi- 
cal  diflertation  to  whih  he  infers,  tKlit 
the  two  Uft  fyllables  oi  tanrt  form' 'a 
rpuidee;  and  continuing' in  his  Ticibua 
habit  of  -reading  as  a  trochee  the'  twp  lafft 


there  in  17^3  as  Earl  Temple,  which  ,  fyllables  of  fyrori^  which  form  a  Q:.ond*e 


alfo,  himfplf  viciatcs  the  rhyme.  And  if 
he  hjad  not  read  with  grcar  inattehti'6fa, 
he  would  have  fecn,  that  (diVeffly  cftrt. 
trary  toiiis  ^fflrtion  r).the  dctichfHg  dr 
feparatin^^  in  pronunciation,  \fly  fylfe- 
ble  ^  from  a  word,  is  dlfapproved  :  •  arfd 
that  even  -in  .the  fcannWg,  according-^o 
the.  me r hod  there  'rCcommertded,  "the' 
very  lyllabic  h^c  mentions,  ,H)e  laft'  Ta 
uxori^  Would  not  be  ffcparatcd  frokh  the 


now  ht^  an  odious  appearance,  and  is,  at 
the  fame  time,  rendered  totally  ufelefs  ; 
and  tncemally,  when  he  was  L^d  Lieu- 
tenant there  in  rjSS,  by  converting  a 
Biag'.ificent  halt  at  the  top  vf  the  great 
ftair-cafe,   at  that  time  called  tJ^e  Btttlc- 
a.Te  Gutrd-hall,  into  a  prefence  chamber. 
This  apartmeVit  is  totally  unneceifary,  as 
prior  to  this  there  was  a  mc»ft  ejLceUe«t 
one  ;  and  inftead  oi  the  former  grand  en- 
trance, you  mud   now    pals  through  U  .'P»ccedin^l]f4iaJ?le 
lobby  which  wa>  before  merely  the  land-        As   to  the  <•  Formed  AUank^'*  vrhich 
»g  (isitit  caffed  in  archirccture)  of  the  .H.  M.  feem*  to  threaten,-  it  had  need  Co 
^at  (lair-cafe,  whieh  atprefent  refem-    ^  conduced  with  co'  fiderablc  fltnl  atfd 
bles  the  confined  tobby  of  a  decent  priixan.    power,  if  he   hopes  with  any  eSd6t  to 
He  has,  indeed,  caufcd  fome  aUegbrinal    coup:era£b  the  public  approbation  whrch 
pi^hires  to beplaced  in-tho  cieling -of  she    the, revived  do<arine  oi  Mckerchus  hiht 
Dall-ionm.    This  room,  m  honour  -^^  tke    obtained,  and  to  diflodge   ii  from    the 
•rderofknighthuodofStiPacriKk^andin  .  (^r^g*iiol4  it  occupies,  in  the  counte- 
which  up'>n  th^it  day,'  vh.  the'  17th  .of    n^nct  already  given  to  it  by  on^  of  tfte 
March,  1713,  the  •'knighu  of  that  order  .-fir^  if  Apt  ^hc.firft,  of  the  (chools  of  vt^ 
dined,  has  been  called^  fihccthe  firA  in-  -  putation.m  the  kingdom, 
ftallation,  St.  Patrick**  Hall.    The  mum-        ^Vctc  it. jio^  bclide  the  tjucftion,  ii  goiod 
bility  of  public  fav'our    wai,  .perhaps,    defence. ^roigbt  be  miide  tor  the  rhymes, 
never  m-^re  predominant  than  in  the.  two    though  iptljiijg  can  be  faid  for  the  ftyfc, 
periods  of  thar  nobleman  s  adminlftMmn  .  <^  ^  tiochaic  couplet,  by  (as  H.  M, 
ifl  Ire.and.     For  in  the  year  TfS3,-when  /P'^R^rly  exprcflfcs  himfelf).a  woriSy  ft- 
...  .bricaior  of  birth'-day  o5es ;  for  no  one 

ought  to  he  able  to  write  in  a  better  ftyle 
who  would  accept  an  ofEcc  fo  demding 
letters  as  a  laurca'tcfliip — •ivorthify  refufed 
by  that  ilerling  poet  > ho  has  fo'  elegantlj 
taiighr,  that 


he  refidcd  rhere  as  Earl  i?(mpk,  he  ven 
dered  liirafelf  the  idol  of  the  Inlhuaaidn  ; 
but  in  the  years  1788-9,  wHon  he  Wks 
there  as  Marquis  of  Buckingnam,  he  be- 
came to  the  fame  people  progtcfltvely  ob- 
noxious; privately  quirted  the  kingdom, 
from  a  fmall  fea  bathing  place  n<ear  Dub- 
lin, called  the  Black  Rock,  and  carried 
witn  him  the  tenfure  of  the  Irlfh  HouTe 
ofCv;mmons,  whieh  record  remains  upon 
the  Journals  of  tliat  Houfe  to  this  very 
hour. 

*    [ Toiff'  conthutd. ] 


/^/r/iif'<  an  injotof  WruVian«gold,  '^ 

Sknji  the  br!;ht  ore  Pot»(i't  mi  »es  anfold;' 
Bur  Temjier*s  image  imift  cb«ir*ure  crealti-    > 
And  give  rhefe  precious  metats  fterling  weigkt. 


lam,  &CW 


W.S< 


[*  When  in  our  laft  we  announced  our  in. 

tentiwi  to  difcmtinuc  the  controvcrfy  on  the 
«»r\TTj  /-J  vv    mir     ^  •  fubje^t   of    Metrmarifton,    one  ih»rt  letter 

yOUA   correfpoudent,    H.  M.    (page    he.e'  inferted,  had  etcaped  our  ««^ce.     F^ 
^    i$j»  of  a    late  Magazme)  afferts,    the  fake   or  the   two   p«cet  *f    inibrmii! 

ripn  wkich  it  concaiftS|  we  myv  give  it  place* 

•«<niToas.] 


To  ih€  Etiitor  of  tbt  Monthly  Magazine, 

SIR* 


that 


Vir,  precor,  uaori,  fiater,  fucurre,  foron, 
vbca  read  accor^ng  to  the  doditrine  of 


D  t 


,Theort 


29 


SHpOltttfUtitOH  tj  JrffopbPTt* 


a»«. 


berg  and  Lemcry  fapjxJfed,  Art  the  pre- 
fcnce  of  calcareous  earth  iti  the  mixrurc 
was  r^e  caufc  of  the  inflammation.  Le  Jay 
de  Satigny  im.i^ined  the  mixwreiocim- 
taina  glacial  nil  of  vitriol^  v»  htch,attT»cnnt]J 
moifturc  from  the  ttrnpfphcre,  gradually 
heated  rhc  miirs  to  inflammatiui  by  thii 
mean'..  Mr.Beivly,  in  a  letter  toDr.Prieft- 


.  -Theory  6f  the  Inflammation 
ofPyrophori. 
To  tbf  EfUtor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine, 

Sfff, 

1SJE£,-with  great  plcifurc,  that  you 
are  exu^mely  fucccf'sful  in  your  at- 
tempts to  cock  up  the  uttU  with  the  dulce. 
The  public  relifh  the  difl).  Nay,  I  be- 
liqvcp  xherc  never  was  a  Spotfman  fon  'cr 
«f  \i\>^kng£^ice^  nor  a  "EiiHlifhman  of  his 
becj'jieaky  nor  a  Smniard  of  his  olla 
' podrida^^wx  an  It  fian  of  his  macnroni^ 
.ihaii  V?  *^'  *^"^^  among  my  heighboars, 
who  »re  thought  conhoifTcurs  in  the  food 
of  tho.  mind,  of. the  Monibly  Ma^azin-'. 
You  cannot  be  ilKpIcaftd  to  know,  that 
•your  MtJc'cHcaiV'  has  found  its*  way    as 

far  Dorih  as  did  Crorr.'TvcW s  {o\^\tT^ ^  and    •«  comp.letclv  juft  and  fat ib factory. 

•Engliflj  ):abbages^  in  the  middk  of  the         Noiv,  fir,  I  ihink  1  can  exhibit  a  new 

]aA  century;  and  is  read  with  cagcrnefs  -and  ptcuijartheory  of  the  rclarionsof  rh's 

qn  th^  claflic  grounds,  of  Macbeth^  and  of    •tuio«^«  chemic?'.!  phenomenon^  of  which 

OJTian.      "  '       -       .      .  the  ftriking  truth  and  fimplicity  iliall  n«  t 

,  ,  Jt  is  no',  however,  a 'c1  a !!Tc  matte f',  but    fail  to  command  the  immediate  aff en i  of 

^1  (inajl  cbcnrkal  trifc,  \vir)i  which  Pnpw  -all  JntcUrgcni  chcmift«. 

/,wiih  to  troubJe'you.    Thire*  is  a  pnrticii-         In  combuAion  in  general,  the  principal 

,  Jar  coropcfiLioo,  knpwn|'  to  chemiirs  by  -ehing  that  always  takes  platje  is  the  new 


ley,  afcrrbcsthc  Ume  eflfeft  lothcprcfcncc 
of  a  principle  in  the  pytopbcfm^  \tj  which 
there  \%  nitrous  acid  attracted  from  the 
aimofphcrc.  Others  have  conjetturcd, 
that  the  omhuRioo  of  ;^iro/»^7J/ibyr{>on~ 
tancous  tr.flammai'on,  might  be  owing  to 
hs  alwirys  containing  in  it  a  quantity  of 
phofphonis.  Hut  none  of  ail  thcfe 
ihcories:  ha«  been  received  in  the  world 


i.the  nail  e  cf  f)Topb-:is^^  bCCTufe  h  p< 

.-.ftnii  the  property  of  being  tiablc  tofpon- 
tancoui  inflammation   in   the    open  aiK 

.  Jt  was  cQmpofcd  by  rtombe'rg,  apothecary 
.and  chcmih  to  tpe  famotjs  refccbt  Huke 

.pf  .Qrjpans,  by  the  diftillatioiT  t)f  alum 
with  the  rcfiduc  of  human   excrcmen(i. 

:  There  arc  very  itiany' ve^^et'ibfcy  Ti'iid 
aniiii*!  matters  which,  if  'treated  vith 
alum,  aflford  this  pyrophmis-  Irmay  be 
obtained  from  the'  ;^reater  nHirhbcr  of 
thofc' fairs  whfch  contain  fu!pflurir  acid 
in  union  with  whatever  cafe*.   M.  Prouft 


enmi}i  nation  of  oxygen  on  the  .one  hand, 
•with  carbon,-  cr  fwmc  dijii  rent  matter,  on 
the  other  hand.  The  oxygen  for  this 
•tw  combination  \s  ufually  detached  o\>t 
of  its  uiuoB  yrith  light  and  caloric  in  vital 
air.  .  The  light,  ^nd  caloric  which  it 
delcrts,  are*  in  coniVqucnce  of  ihib  dtler- 
tioif,  commonly  pv<?lvcd  into  a  momcnia- 
rHy  free  ftat^e^  in  which  they  pre  Cent 
themi<flvei  to  our  itnfes,  ^as  heat  and 
flame.  -  But  carboa and  other  corobuRlblc 
ma«rB£>oj)ot,  in  evpry,(cmperatnre,  n^-'r 
in  'cyery  flate  of    aggregation,    dctnch 


has  even  proveiJ,  that  any  fubllance-con-  -«».ygcn  out  of  riialair,  and  by  its  abftrac 
tainuig  carbonaceous  matte f,  "m  uninn  ,  tton  r:prodiic€  ^in  evolution  of'heat  ar;d 
with  an  eanh  or  ox)dc,  1$  fulcepttblc  of  -4fcmc.  It  t$  ncccflary,  in  order  to  this 
this  rp9ntancous  combuftion  in  the  ^Ir.  event,  that  the  carbon  or  other  conibui^  i- 
It  is  now  commonly  prepared  by  mel  in^  ble  matter  be,  where  it  is  prefeTiTed  lo 
three  parts  of  alum  wiih  on6  part  of.  thccontadV  of  the  vita!  air,  confider^ibly 
fugar,    honey,  or    meal,    cxpofing    the    comminuted;  and  that  the  vital  air  ex- 


m^ted,  cooled,  and.bprdened  mixture,  a 
fecottd  time,'  to  heaty  till  it  be  kindled  to 
bum  for  a  few  moments,  with  «  blueiHi 
flame:  then  cooling  the  matter  thus 
inirned,  and  prefcrnng  it  in  a  dry  fla(k, 
dofely  ftopped,  to  be  ufed  as  pyrrphorus, 
Jxp^'furc  to  the  atmofphere  briuiis  \t  in- 
ft.iniiy  to  burn  with  a  fl^me  fuffi^ienthr 
vivid.  The  more  humid  the  aT,  fo 
much  the  more  readily  does  this  inflam- 
mation take  place. 

To  account  for  a  phenomenon. fo  re- 
markable, as  the  fpontaneou»  inflamma- 
tion of  this  pjropborns,  chcmifts  have 
offered  feveral  different  theoriei,  which 
ire  almoft  all  alike  ttD&tiifai6tory.   Qofn- 


hibited  to  it  be,  at  the  fame  time,  fupcr- 
icalorared,  in  luch  a  manner,  aa  that  the 
ordinary  mutual  attraftiont  of  jrs  ingrc- 
dientf  may  be  greatly  wcikcned  by  the 
Tuper-caiorat'on.  In  this  (late  alone  of 
the  refpe^iive  fubHances,  does  the  phe. 
nomenon  of  conibuflion  ufually  take  place. 
But  there  are  oxygenous  conpour^dt  in 
which  the  oxygen  is  much  more  iUghtly 
combined  than  it  is  in  vital  air;  and  it  i^ 
pollible  to  exhibit  carbon  to  ozyeen  iij 
ibme  ftates  which  iball  be  more  fSvour^ 
able  to  combuftion  than  others.  Jn  cer^ 
tain  flates  of  mod  of  the  acidlt  mud  th« 
metallic  oxides,  oxygen  undeniably  exifli 
ia  thfBi^  in  a  very  loofe  combioatioo. 

J>eftroy 


179«0 


EieSrif  Pfiper^  tf  India  RMm 


21 


Deftro^,  «i  muchas  pol&ble,  the  aggrega- 
tion or  thcfe  acids  and  dxydes  \  and  let 
the  aggregatiqi^  of  the  carbon>  which  is 
to  be  brought  into  con  tad  with  theniy  be, 
JQ  a  like  maoncr,  dcftroyed.  Mix  thefe 
ttvocomaiiiiuced  fubilances  together,  and 
die  mixture  will  be  always  a  fyrofbonts^ 
if  the  ftebienefs  of  the  combioaciQO  of 
the  ozyges  in  the  oxydc  and  the  acid, 
together  with  the  comminution  and  the 
comuiixturc  of  the  carbon  and  the  oxyv 
gtnous  compound,  be  particularly  fa- 
Yourahlc  to  combullion,  in  the  fame  pre- 
ciie  degree  with  the  comminution  and 
liic  fuper-caloration  of  ordinary  cafe?  : 
but  the  prefcDce  of  air  is  necelTary  to  the 
lponUDCou»  inflammation  of  itix^pjropbo- 
rijj  btcaufe  only  air  can  begin  combuf- 
:ioo,  and  make  it  not  tacit ,  but  per- 
ceptible, by  means  of  light  and  flame.  If 
not  before  fbc  air  be  prcfcntcd,  yet  at 
icdit  almoft  as  foon  as  it  prcfentcH,  the 
temperature,  ncceflary  to  the  dccompofi- 
tlon  of  vital  air,  ii  already  excited.  Moif- 
ture  in  the  atmofphcre  is  favourable  to 
the  inflammation  of  pyropborusy  for  the 
fiine  rcafon  for  which  water  poured  in 
fisali  quant  tics  upon  a  drone  ure,  rather 
feeds  than  tends  to  extingUim  the  flame. 
The  water  or  vapour  is  decompofcd  into 
\u  conftituent  parts  \  and  thefe  aid  the 
cjinbudion. 

'*  I.  PjrophoruSj  therefore,  burns  fpon- 
taneoufly  with  acceis  of  air,  becajfc  it 
cuntains  ojtygew  in  To  loofe  a  combioa- ' 
tirjo,  and  in  fuch  mixture  witH  carbon, 
tiiat  thefe  advantages  towards  inflamma- 
tion are  fully  equivalent  to  that  fu per. 
caloration  which  is  produced  in  ordinary 
combaftions  by  the  application  of  free, 
eiternal  heat. 

''a.  All  mixtures  are  fufceptlble  of 
fpontaneout  inflammation,  in  which  oxy- 
gen and  combuilible  matters  are  mingled 
together,  with  the  above  advanugcs. 

Such  is  my  humble  ibeory  of  the  fpon- 
taneoas  infi'Ammatioo  d  pjropbori. 
I  am,  fir, 
An  admirer  of  your  Mifcellany, 
And  your  very  humble  fcrvant» 
J.  M*0. 

Jnvermfi  AauUvy^  Dec,  1 1 ,  1797* 

Tq  tht  EdUor  tf  tbc' Monthly  Magaxine, 

SIR, 

IN  your  Magazine  for  lift  month,  1  was 
^  a  little  furprifed  at  the  communication 
of  your  eerrcfpondent,  **  Thomas  How* 
ley,"  oil  the  fuDJe^  o^  ^^  ele^ric  ''  pro* 
pcrly  bcloBgiog  10  India  rubber.*' 

That  two  people  fliould  accidenully 
fivmble  upon  ti^e  f^un?  diTcm-eryi  it  tU 


fame  time,  is  a  little  (ingular^  but  it  may 
in  a  degree  account  for  the  apparent  pla- 
giarifms  in  the  writings  of  people  whofe 
purfuits  are  fimilar.  About  the  time  that 
your  eorrefpondent  obfervcd  the  elc£^ric 
fluid  occafioned  by  the  friction  of  India 
rubber  uooa  paper,  I,  alfo,  accidentally 
noticed  nmilar  eflfedts,  which  I  commu* 
nicated  in  November  lafl,  to  a  fociety  for 
experiments  in  natural  philofopby,  of 
which  I  am  a  member,  jn  this  place. 
Previous  to  this»  I  had  written  a  fetter^ 
with  an  intentioa  of  fending  it  co  you  ; 
but  being  deflrous  of  making  farther  ex- 
periments, r  deferred  fcoding  it. 
^  Frani  the  different  experiments  I  have 
made*  it  appears  to  me,  that  your  corre- 
fpondent  ik  millaken,  if,  by  faving  <<  the 
property  belonging  to  tbc  elaJtic  reiin«*' 
he  fuppQfcs  that  the  clc£tric  fluid  is  prp. 
ducea  from  the  India  rubber.  I  appre- 
hend it  will  be  found  to  proceed'from  the 
fubilance  00  which  the  paper  is  laid  to  be 
rubb(:d  upon,  for  if  it  be  laid  upon  a  quire 
of  paper,  a  deal  table,  a  piece  of  leather, 
or  parchment,  which  are  very  weak  aon- 
elcttrics,  no  effcft,  or  very  tittle,  will  be 
producciid,  not  more  than  if  laid  oh  a  pl^te 
of  slnfs,  which  is  an  eleftric ;  on  a  lineil 
clotii  laid  on  a  table,  more  will  be  obferv- 
ed  ;  and,  if  laid  on  the  following  fub- 
ftanccs,  the  ele£tric  powei-  will  be  very 
pcxccpciblei  and,  I  believe,  more  and  more 
in  the  order  of  enumeration  ufed,  viz.  a 
fmooth  ftone,  a  mahogany  board,  a  board 
painted  yellow,  a  board  painted  chocolate, 
a  board  paiated  white,  a  p!ate  of  iron,  &c. 

It  is  to  be  underwood,  that  in  every 
cxperifnent  the  paper  mull  be  warmed  a 
little,  and  if  the  lubftancc  on  which  it  it 
laid  to  be  rubbed  be  a  good  conduQor,  x 
fpaik  of  a  conquerable  leneth  may  be 
drawn  from  it  (hence  an  ea(y  criterion  t© 
judge  of  the  beft  non-eleftrici.) 

The  paper  may  be  held  by  one  corner, 
and  raited  from  the  table,  or  whatever  it 
may  lie  upon,  while  under  the  (Irokes  of 
the  rubber  (of  which  a  few  will  be  fufi* 
cient)  when  the  fpark  may  be  drawA. 

If  the  India  rubber,  or  any  other  elec* 
trie,  be  applied  to  the  excited  paper,  it 
will  difcharge  itfelf  immediately  ^  but  the 
cracking  noife  made  when  difcharged  by  a 
Don-ele^ric,  will  not  be  heard. 

The  property  of  exciting  paper  doea 
not  belong  exclofively  to  India  rubber; 
almoft  any  fubftance,  either  ele6tric  or 
non-ele£lric«  will  produce  the«  ele^rie 
iuid,  if  applied  to  paper  as  a  rubber* 
though  net  quite  fo  much  as  India  rubber : 
amongft  many  other  fubftances  which  I 
have  (riedj  With  the  fame  eflfeft,  I  men- 

tioa 


'*t 


Ptmnt'm  df^Ptrtirj  tf^BmOt  ihttu 


'Tja«. 


tiofi  thofe  oF'paper,  fbooge,  fmooth  maho- 
gany,-a  f>iecc  of  gfoe  a  lictlc  warmetJ, 
h'fwu  cloth,  leather  (of  which,  diat  ufed 
for  11  o!-folc«  lithe  beft)  Src- 

Atter  going  through  thefe  anfl  many 
<nher  fimilarcjfperiments,  ]  made  a  fquare 
dca!  frame,  on  which  I  plued  a  Ihcct  of 
paper,  I'thett  placed  ic  before  the  fife,  and 
applied  the  Intiia  rubber  as  in  rrty  other 
experiments,  but  the  propcnfity  to  elec- 
tficy  w^.s  fo  weak,  that  it  was  only  vifible 

•  by  its  attracting  a  lighrfc;ither,  A-iVpended 
by  a  thread.  Ffcnce-my  topinion  chat  the 
fluid  is  collected  from  the  fwbftaiice  on 
which  the  paper  is  I  lid, 'and  not  from  thw 
by  which  it  is  robbed.  • 

If  the  paper  be  robbed  with  bees*. wax 

.  previous  to  its  bems^ufed,  it  will  be  found 

ti>  have  a  much  ftrongcr  propcnfity  to  the 

*  pn)duAion  of  cle6lric  matter,  than  when 
^ite  clean.        I  am,  fir. 

Your  obediei^t  fen'ant, 
ThOS.  GuiFFITHt. 

fi/lanihrfier^  Die,  20,  1797. 
\    To  the  Edifpr  oftbi  Monthly  Magazine, 

SIR, 

T  AM;iot  TDdipcd  tocontrov'cn  the  argu- 
*  "mcnts  advanced  in  your  laft,  by  A  Suf- 
ferer hj  Forgity,  either  as  to  the  propritty 
of  adopting  every  poiBbLe  nrieans  to  pre- 
TWthc  fSgery  of  bank  nole^,  or  as  to 
the  degree  of  guilt  which  aftache?  to  the 
public,  or  to  any  cLifs  of  the  community, 
•when  they  pun^fli,  wjchTc^erity,  a  rrime 
which  they  l^avc  not  done  e\try  thing  in 
their  power  to  prevent. 

iii»  rcafpi>ir)g,"  on  thefe  points,  goes  fo 
borne  to  the  conviCtimi  of  every  man, 
that  I  am  furc  his  TuggeRions  will  not  be 
.<WcrIooVed  \   but,  towards   the   clofe    of 

,  bis  letter,  he  ftans  a. quefiion 'which' ought 
iK>t,  in  niy  opinion,  to  have  been  brought 
forward,    until    he    had   afccriairied'  its 

'  truth;  and  the  more  fo,  as"  the  Ta6t  to 
which  it  allv»dcs  is  of  fuch  a  nature,  that 
-•ven  more  than  a  common  degree  of  evi- 
dence would  be  neccffary  to.  give  it  any 
flegrecof  credibility. 

Before  I  proceed  farther,  I  beg  leave  to 
quote  !your  correfoopdent's  own  words : 
**  If  there  be,'*  (ays  he,  **  any  degree  of 
culpability  on  the  part  **f  thofe  in  whofe 
department  it  lies,  in  not  having  adopted 
fuch  obvious  improvements  in  the  fabri- 
cation of  bank  notes,  as  the  prefent  ad- 
vi^nced  Rate  of  the  arts  puts  within  their 

'  reach,  will  it  not  be  aggravated  if  it  ihall 
be  found,  that  they  haw  refufed  a  plan 
n-hicb  ivQuhinot  enly  have  rendered  forgery 
much  more  difficult  than  at  prefent^  but 
eUm^J^^   if  not   edtogetber^    Hnpajfibie-^a 


plan,  totbeexceUenn^efvhiehaRihefrind^ 
pal  artifistn  London  boeve  borne  ieflimokyT* 
I  will  readily  grant,  tbat  if  a  plan,  fo 
poweifulljf  recommended,  has  been  rt- 
je6!cd  by  the  Bank  Dire^ors,  they  arc  not 
onty  defcrviog  of  cenforc,  but,  kdxverer 
joft^y  the   forger  may  dcftrvc  hatiging, 
will  be   acceffarics  to   murder,   if  "they 
ever  profccurc  to  death  any  future  for- 
gery, while  their  tiotts   Continue   to  be 
fabricated  on   the  old  plan.    But  10  tnc, 
and,  1  dare  fay,  to  all  your  readers,  itmuft 
appear  abfolut'ely  impofliWe,  in  the  nature 
of  thiiiiis,  that  the  faft  can  be  true.    Arc 
not  the"  Barik  pTcftors  men  of  the  fir(l 
cha'after  in  the  commercial  world,  both 
with  relation  to  property,  abilities,  probity, 
and   intcgriry  ?    Could   fuch  men   be  fo 
critPinaily  ntg'igent  and  rcJgard'efs  rf  the 
hightru^  rcpoftd  in   thciii,   and  nf  the 
durj^rhey  owe,  not  oniy  to  thtir  imme- 
diate conflitucnts,  but  to  the  public,  a^  ta 
refufe  a  plan  calculated  to  leO'en  the  num- 
ber of  forgeries  and  public  cxecutiow  ? 
Importible  !  But  even,  if  wc  eoi'ld  for  a 
moment  fuppoft:  them  fo  devoid  of  pripci- 

,  pie,  as  to  all'^w  themfelves  to  be  influ- 
enced by  a  fpirit  of  patronage  and  private 
motives  in  the  employment  of  thofe  who 
are  more  immediately  conhc£ted  with 
this  department;  could  wc  believe  that 
men  or  thtir  penetration  would  be  h 
blind  to  their  own  Inrereft,  as  to  neglcd 
the  means  of  adding  to- the  fecurity  uf 
their  individual  property  ?  This  would  be 
to  fuppofc  them   governed  by    principles 

"  different  from  thofe  which  actuate  tU 
mankind,  and  more  void  of  Jntclledt  than 
afs- drivers. 

If,  by  "the  principal  artifts  in  Lon- 
don," the  **  L^fer  by  Forgery  "  means  Bar- 
tolorii.  Heath,  Sharp,  Fittlcr,  and  other 
equally  eminent  men,  which  I  have  a 
rijjht  to  think  be  does,  by  the  ^elcrvtd.y 
refpcftful  manner  in  which  he  fpcaks  of 
thcm^  1  will  allow  that  their  judgment  is 
not  to  be  queftioned  on  a  point  of  this 
nature,  fiwt  it  will  be  no  cafy  n'\*atter  tc 
convince  the  public,  that  the  Bank  Di« 
rc6>ors  would  arrogate  to  thcmfelves  % 
right  to  fet  up  their  opinioni  on  a  queftioi 
conntfled  with  the  arts,  in  oppomion  t< 
that  of  fuch  men — of  individuals,  whoft 
charafter,  for  probity  and  honour,  fi^nd 
as  high  as  that  of  ^he  Dire6tort  them 
fclves  ;  for  a  proper  degree  of  modeft 
will  ever  be  found  to  tefult  from  thoJ 
attainments  which  qualify  a  mafta  for  f 
diftinguilhed  a  fituation  as  that  of  a  Ban 
•I>ire6h>r. 

By  prindpal  artijisy  it  would  be  unfai 
to  fuppofc  that  yourcorrefpondent  mere] 

xneai 


n^i'} 


jBkidd$4:Mt.B^HtaxrMU. 


»5 


diaisi  for,  though  among  thefe  there. 
may  be,  ami  no  doubt  are,  many  mcA  of> 
abiliries  awl  cfaara&tr*  it.  mignt  be  na 
difficult  trauter  &r  a  pvrojedor  to  find, 
among  this  clais»  fiioids  who  might  boi 
infiu<ncfd  to  approve  a  plan  on  wiikh  they 
are  by  no  means  compectiit  to  decide*' 
But,  even  in  thi<(cafe,  the  Dire£lors  would 
certainly  have  beftowed  en  the  plan  the 
attcnti-jn  to  which  it  might  appear  to  be- 
enntlcd,  by  taking  the  opinion  of  abler 
ariifU  to  guide  them  in  their  dcterinina* 
lion. 

Thus,  I  think,  I  haire  demonftrated,' 
from  every  view  that  can  be  taken  of  the 
fu.\ec^,  howeatremcly  improbable  ir  is, 
that  the  Bank  Directors  liave  refufed  i 
plan  recommended  in  the  manner  whicli 
ius  been  fitted ;  but,  if  it  ihould  turn  out 
M  be  ituc  that  they  have  aftoally  rejedied 
luch  a  plan,  in  fpite  of  all  the  inducements 
br  iti  adoption  which  it  holds  out,  I 
know  no  Ungus^e  which  ca&  do  juftice  to 
their  demerits. 

ThequelUon  may,  however,  be  brought 
iflto  a  narrow  coinpafs :  if  fuch  a  plan 
hs  been  propofcd,  let  its  author  come 
fonvird,  and  let  the  artifb,  by  whom  it 
bai  been  approved,  declare  themfclves 
r-ii'o.  This  is  a  duty  which  they  owe  to 
6e  public;  and  no  motives^  of  a  private 
nature,  ought  fo  to  operate,  as  to  prevent 
ihem  from  its  performance. 

The  public  have  a  right  to  every  fecu- 
rty  the  bank  can  give  them  ;  and  if  the 
p4a,  to  which  the  Sufferer  by  Forgtty 
alludes,  be  cak:ulated  to  increaCe  that  fecu- 
Mty,  I  can  with  fafety  promife  him,  that 
itv  merits  will  be  invcftigated  by  more 
than  one 

Privatc  Banker. 

Imdan^  Dec*  i£. 

fbr  tbe  Mwihly  Magazine. 

TO  THE  EDITOR, 


0aL;aiid  1-  belieire  a  goiiieft  wager  wa« 
betted^  The  troth  is*  Mr.  Burkey  a« 
Lord  (North  well  knew,  and  has  ofre^ 
told  me,  was  bat  an.  indifferent  daffibal 
icholar,  not  knowing  a  leuer  of  Greeks 
perhaps  even  unable  to  ceaftrue  many. or 
soft 'of  his  own  Latin  quotations. 
»  .  It  has  been  wondered  at  by  many,  that 
your .  Magazine^  acktiowledged,  at  lad* 
e«ca  in  our  rcluAant  circles,'  as  the  beft 
which  has  hirhcreo  appeared  in  our  lan« 
guage,  ih(>ul(d  never  have  given  the  pub^ 
liev  or  even  noticed,  the  chara&er  of  Mrj 
Burke,  as  given  by  the  man  who,  of  all 
others,  knew  him  bcft,  the  lare  Gerrard 
Hamilton.  It  appeared  firft  in  France, 
and  afterwards,  about  Ju<y  iaft,  in  fomfe  o£ 
our  Magazines.  Certain  it  )s,  the  friends 
of  Mr.  'BAirke  did  all  in  their  power  t^ 
fupprcfs  it,  and  I  believe-  fucceeded  i» 
fome  degree.  Hamilton's  quarrel  with 
Buake  is  now  faid  tn  have  been  purtly  of 
a  political  nature,  an^  that  there  are, 
bendcfl  the  character  in  queftion,  ccnarn 
pieces  from  the  pen  of  the  former,  which 
will  one  day  be  highly  interefting  to  pub* 
lie  curioiiry. 

DSMOCRATICUS* 

Pail*  Mai/ J  Sunday  E'vening^  Dec,  z?*  ' 

For  the  Monibly  Magazine, 
£The  following  account  of  tbe  prefent  condi- 
x\w\  of  rhe  United  States  of  North  America/ 
is  feveral  impoitant  paniculars,  is  tranfla  e4 
frorn  the  Decade  FhiUf^Haue,  one  of  lise 
Freucb  Periodical  Journals.] 

TN  the  United  States  of  America,  th^ 
*  fdences  may  ft  ill  be  ft  id  to  be  but  in 
their  cradle.  Three  colleges  and  one 
univcrfity,  of  theology,  of  law,  and  phyfic; 
five  or  fix  Academical  Societies,  which 
arc  but  in  a  paralyzed  ftate  ;  a  number  of 
very  aftivc  Private  Societies,  inftituted 
for  the  purpofcs  of  commertc,  manufac- 
tures, &c.;  and  a  proportionate  numbed 
of  private  fchools  for  the  education  of 


WITHOUT    intending    the    fmalleft    youth,    conftitute,  at  prefent,   the  only 


oflfcncc,  fir,  to  your  ingenious  cor 
itfpoQdent,  Modulator,  I  will  be  bold  to 
ojafcl  him  to  obferve  correftnefs  in  his 
jffomuigatioQ  of  anecdotes.  No  fuch 
Anverfation,  as  he  pretends,  could  ever 
kve  poifibly  paifed  between  the  late  Mr. 
^rke,  my  old  acquaintance,  and  the 
wormy  do<^or  alluded  to;  becaufe  the 
jftiall   grammatical   difpote   in    queftio^ 


iburces  of  intelle^al  and  moral  inftruc- 
tion.  Indeed  the  general  character  of  the 
inhabirants  of  the  An)erican  States,  leads 
them  to  ftudy  rather  the  means  of  aug- 
menting their  fortunes,  than  to  cultivate 
the  fi:iences,  and  to  contribute,  prcfnrte 
nfirilit  their  quota  towards  the  progrefs  and 
diflemination  of ^ knowledge.  The  public 
prints,  of  which  there  is  a  great  variety. 


Kaliy  happened  in  the  Houie  of  Commons  have  the  fame  tendency  here,  as  in  Eu- 

lunng  the  American  war,  and  in  my  rope,  to  corrupt  the  public  fpirit,*.or  to. 

fctttiag.    it  was  between. Lord  North  and  cloak  the  faults  of  an  inefficient  govern- 

Ur.  Burke,  the  former  fchooling  the  lat-  ment,  frequently  convulfed  by  ephemeral 

lit  very  much,  to  his  apparent  monifica-  faftions.    A  long  rcfidence  and  diligent 

pBj  fw  pcmottAciDg  the  i  fitort  ia  ve^i*  obfervattofi  art  indifpenfibly  iflceffary  to' 

develope 


Jcitunt  fftbe  NmrtS  Aauriein  States. 


[Jan- 


^evelope  the  fprings  of  a^oo.    I  have   profcft  to  follcMr,  at  thsir  fole  goUe,  the 


devoted  confiderable  actemfMi  to  thit  fub- 
je£t,  and  flatter  myfelf  that  I  have  fcle^d 
a  fund  of  naterials  which  will  not  be 
found  wholly  UQinterefting  in  a  cooimer- 
ctal  and  political  point  of  view. 

The   laws  in   this   country  breathe  a 
fpirit  of  humanity ;  and  the  mhabitaats. 


impulfe  of  eonicience,  without  atucbiog 
themfelves  to  my  individaal  focicry.' 
Toleration  in  America  is  carried  to  an 
extent  greater  than  even  in  France.  It 
is  but  lately  that  a  Preftytcrian  chur^ 
ckAcd  for  their  mioifter  a  negro  from 
Guinca»  a  man  of  exemplary  character,. 


in  general,  ibeir  private  intereft  out  of  the    and  of  no  contemptible  abilities,    who 


^ueftion,  may  be  faid  to  be  wcU-difpofed 
An  exception*  however,  muft  be  made 
with  lefpe^  to  the  rich,  overgrown  mer- 
chantsy  who  remember,  with  regrett  the 
aera  of  the  Britifli  monarchy,  and  entertain 
a  ftrotig  predile^on  for  titles  and  other 
marks  of  diftindion.  By  far  the  majority 
are  favourable  to  the  French  \  and  in  the 
laft  cicfkioti  for  a  mayor,  and  other  ma- 
gtftratcs,  in  Philadelphia,  the  choice  fell 
upon  the  avowed  partizans  of  the  French 
Republic. 

With  rcfpe6k  to  nligiom^  every  denomi- 
nation  S«  tolerated*  This  renders  tlie 
inhaoitants  tra^lablc  and  gentle,  as  no  re- 

Sious  eftabiiOimeat  is  excii/iively  prote^- 
by  government ;  but,  perhaps,  there  is 
hardly  a  Chriftian  country  where  iefs 
genuine  piety  is  to  be  met  with.  Young 
people  are  regular  in  their  attendance  at 
church,  bccaufe  they  are  well  aware  that, 
without  a  due  regard  to  appearances,  they 


acquits  himfelf  with  credit  in  his  n«\v 
vocation.  I  have  fre<fuently  fcen  him 
officiate  in  his  robes,  and  have  heard  him 
preach  wirh  great  fati^fadion ;  and  I  make 
no  doubt  but  he  will  prove  an  ufefiil  acquis 
fition  to  his  focirty. 

The  populatkm  of  the  United  States 
amounts  to  about  five  millions  of  tniia- 
bitants,  exclufue  of  the  weftem  fettle- 
ments,  which  are  well  peopled,  and  con- 
tain,  at  a  moderate  caicutatioo,  120,000 
perfons.  But  it  muft  be  taken  into  confi- 
deratiooy  ^hat  the  fum  total  of  inhabitants 
doubles  every  fourteen  years,  as  has  been 
clearly  fubftantiated  and  afcenained  by 
exa£l  official  documents :  this  gives  a  more 
rapid  incrsafe  than  Franklin  has  ftated. 

Agriculture  and  commerce  form,  almoft 
without  exception,  the  principal  empioy- 
ment  of  the  inhabitants :  and  were  it  not 
that  the  rich  merchants  difcourage,  by 
every  poiBble  means,  the    progrefs  and 


could   obtain   no  advantageous  fituation,    improvement  of  American  manufadures, 


form  no  eligible  matrimonial  conoe^Uons, 
or  eftablilh  themfelve!^  with  credit  in  life. 

Men  of  advanced  years  frequent  church 
through  habit,  or  to  obtain  the  confidence 
of  (heir  refpe^ivc  focieties,  and  I'ecurc  an 
influence  in  the  dNeftion  of  rhcir  temporal 
concerns.  A  few  pious  fouls  there  are, 
who  hav^  uo  other  view  in  their  devotion 
than  to  commune  with  the  Supreme,  com- 
fort their  fellow-creatures  under  afflic< 
tions,  and  inculcate  the  divine  precepts  of 
morality,  by  anions  and  virtuous  example, 
Either  than  by  idle  ceremony. 

In  this  country  no  tythes  nor  royalties 
are  paid.  VVhiia  fubje^led  to  the  Br.xifk 
government,  the  United  States  of  Ame- 
lica  refufed  to  admit  the  Catholics  to  any 
public  office;  but,  fince  their  emancipa- 
tion from  the  Britiffi  yoke,  this  unjuft  law 
is  aboiiffied;  and  men  of  eveiy  perfuafion 
are  iodifcriminately  admitted  to  a  partici- 
pation in  all  the  fun£lionk  of  government. 
Catholics,    of   the   Gretk    and    Romiih 


m  order  to  monopolize  the  excluiive 
commerce  wi:h  England,  by  which  they 
accumulate  immenfe  fortunes  in  a  very 
ihort  time,  arts  and  manufa£lurcs  would 
be  in  a  highly  flourifliing  ftate.  The 
fmgle  branch  of  (hip-builuio^  employs, 
in  this  country,  fcveral  thou  fan  ds  of  hands, 
At  this  very  momentt  when  France  pays 
after  the  rate  of  300  livres  per  ton  for  vcf- 
fcls  built  of  whole  deal,  and  very  niodeT;ite 
folidity,  the  American  ihipwri^ht  coo- 
flru^ts  his  vcflels  of  red  cedar,  or  oak, 
which  wood  is  of  a  far  fuperior  quality, 
and  will  laft  double  the  time,  than  the 
timber  made  ufe  of  in  Europe  \  yet,  not- 
witbHanding  thefe  advantagea,  and  al- 
though the  American  veflels  are  built  upon 
a  better  and  more  folid  conftruftioo,  they 
may  be  purchafed  at  the  rate  of  i7o4tvrei 
per  ton, completely  finilhed,  and  ready  foi 
fea.  If  the  French  Rtfptri}iic  fliould  ai 
any  time  ftand  in  nee4  6f  20,000  ron»  is 
new  veffcls,  the  United  States  can  furnifli 


church,  Prelbyterians,  Qijakers,  Turks,    them  at  the  pricci  above  ftated»  which^ 
and  Jews,  are  all  equally  eligible  to  public    time  of  peace,  would  fuftain  a  coniider 


situations,  and  arc  at  liberty  to  adore  the 
Supreme,  according  to  the  dictates  of  their 
oonfcience.  There  are,  likewife,  a  num- 
ber of  Srparatifi^  and  Seekers  in  the  colo- 
nicf,  who  hdottg  to  no  particular  Icdly  but 


ab>e  abatement. 

The  annual  experts ol  the  United  States 
according  to  authentic  documents^  cxcec< 
twentv-fix  millions  of  dollars,  excIuHve  q 
what  iui  not  been  entered  at  the  cuiioms 

Th 


^^^.] 


UiAteiSMetK^\&S^  an^rtvaing. 


H 


The  ^ieculB«<m  inrlasi  finds  onployment 
fflf  «  Er«it  number  of  adventurers,  fome 
few  of  whom  acquire  imnieare  fortUQes,  at 
the  ejqjence  of  ttic  major  part,  who  ruin 
tbfnifel^. 

I  know  of  no  work,  pubtifbed  in  Atne- 
rica,  deferving  of  particular  mention,  ia 
a  grand  national  poioi  of  view.  Their 
Joumats  are  a  chaotic  aflcmblage  of  lies, 
where  even  commercial'  advenifements 
arc  altered  and  disfigi^red.  Some  Anglo- 
American  authors  have  written  cftermcd 
moral  works  ;  but  tbcfeare  fo  voluminous, 
fo  dear,  and  fo  little  read,  that  they  ferve 
here,  at  ia  Europe,  to  fupport  the  pomp 
of  a  library,  which  is  vifitcd  from  a  motive 
of  curiofity,  without  reaping  any  utility 
from  it. 

The  grand  fe^irce  of  the  richce  of  the 
Americans  rcfults  from  the  fcrtHicy 
of  their  territory,  the  temperature 
of  the  climate*  and  the  cheap  price 
of  land,*  which  holds'  out  an  irrefifti- 
bte  tcmptatioa  to  emigrants  from  other 
oonntriei.  The  traffic  in  land  is  the 
/irft  (fbi]e€t  of  attention  with  the  monicd 
meo,  who  may  purchafe  acres  by  the 
thoufand,  at  the  rat^  of  three  fols  per  acre. 
This  taod  they  afterwards  fell  to  fqnic 
poor  emigrant  for  two  francs,  who  is  fre- 
quently obliged  to  relin<)uifli  his  purchafe, 
for  want  of  hands  and  money  to  cultivate 
it,  and  feWs  it  for  twenty  fols  oer  acre,  to  a 
new  adventurer, .  before  a  fingle  plough 
has  paifed  over  it.  Agriculture  is,  not- 
withftanding,  in  general  edimation  j  but  it 
is  only  in  the  interior  of  the  Unucd 
States  that  it  is  purfucd  with  proper  aftir 
rity.  The  frontiers  of  this  vaft  empire 
coniift  of  a  mere  affemblage  of  deferts,  in- 
hiUted  by  A  few  ftra^luig,  unfortunate 
finatics,  who  fubftft  upon  milk,  potatoes, 
and  Itidian  com. 

The  American  mantffa^r&es,  although 
difcouraged  by  commercial  dcfputifm,  arc 
in  a  ftarc  or  gradual,  though  but  flow, 
improvement.  Inventions,  and  machines  for 
manufa^uring  purpofes,  are  daily  brought 
nearer  to  pcrfeAion,  and  it  ra»y»  with 
ftri£l  truth,  be  affirmed,  that  Ameiica,  ui 
this  rc(pe6t,  far  furpafTes  Europe.  The 
truth  tH  this  aflcnion,  I  hope  to  cftablifli 
by  a  coHe^ion  of  defigns,  taken  from 
aftual  pieces  of  roechanifm,  which  1  have 
in  agitation  to  publifli.  At  the  diflance  of 
about  three  miles  from  Philadelphia,  is  a 
water-mill,  belonging  to  a  Mr.  Johnfon, 
formed  upon  a  very  ingenious  conftruc- 
tion,  which,  with  the  alliltance  of  only 
two  men,  performs  as  much  work  as  could 
be  cxeccitra  on  the  common  principle  by 
the  united  efforts  of  300  perfons.  Thcle 
M.  9MTIILY  Mac.  XXYII, 


machines,  which  .fimplify  laboor,  diminiili 
the.  ppcnce  of  the  commkOditiesy  favc  » 
multitude  of  hands,  and  multiply  the 
nianufaftiirer's  '  profits,  are  permanent 
fourccs  of  opulence  and  property.  Frank* 
lin,  Ritccnnoufcy  and  other  ingenious 
ih'^chanics,  have  enriched  the  American 
States  with  an  incredible  yaficty  of  ufefid 
machines,  of  which  Europe  has  not 
t'he  fmallcd  idea.  I  have-in  my  po^effion 
■txa6l  plans  of  a  great  number  of  them. 

r  have  frequently  been  in  company 
with.VoLNEY.  Our  difcourfe  generally 
rurntd  upon  the  fubjcft  of  our  travels.  1 
am  at  prefent  lodged  in  his  apartmentf^ 
from  whence  I  write  this  lettfcr.  He  had  • 
undertaken  a  journey  to  Carolina  and  fome 
of  the  fettlemtnts  on  the  Ohio.  1  had 
vifited  this  year  the  northern  diftri£^s  of 
the  United  States,  Long  liland,  the  fiates 
of  New  York,  Jcrfey,  Conncdlicut,  and 
Maryland.  Thave  entered  into  an  agree- 
ment  with  Volney  to  vifit  this  fprin^ 
the  foutbern  provinces,with  the  weftcrn  fct- 
tlcments,  having  been  appointed,  in  the  laft 
general  aflVmbly  of  the  Quakers  at  Phila- 
delphia, onp  of  their  deputies  to  vifit  the 
Indian  natFons,  and  to  e(tabli(h»  if  poffible, 
fome  Handicraft  bufmefs  among  tnem,  as 
labourers,  froiths,  carpenters,  &c.  in  hopes 
of  introducing  fome  degree  of  civilizatioa 
among  the  weftern  tribes,  which  we 
charitably  are  in  the  habit  of  di£lingui£b- 
ing  by  the  appellation  of  farages,  though, 
in  fa^i  they  polTers  more  humanity  than 
many  civilized  nations.  My  intention  if 
to  vifit  the  Mohawks,  the  Delawares,  the 
Shawanefi^,  in  one  word,  to  glean,  among' 
the  Indian  tribes  and  aborigities  of  North 
America,  ail  the  moral  and  phyfical  intel- 
ligence which  may  fall  iamy  way. 

To  the  Editor  of  ib^  Monthly  Magazine^ 
sra, 
tF  it  is  not  making  an  improper  u(e  of 
■*■  your  valuable  Mircellany,and  occupying 
a  place  that  might  be  more  ufefully  em- 
ployed,-it  wcuid  greatly  oblige  me,  and,  I 
doubt  not,  add  to  the  coinfort  of  many 
families  in  the  country,  that  brew  their 
own  beer,  if  any  of  your  numerous  cor- 
rcfpondencs  would  anfwer  the  two  follow* 
ing  Queries : — In  brewing  ale,  at  what 
d.grec  of  heat,  on  Fahrenheit's  fcalc,  ought 
the  water  to  be  when  it  is  let  off  into  the 
malh-tub  to  the  malt  ?  Like  wife,  at  what 
dcg'  ec  the  wort  fliould  be,  when  the  yea{l  ia 
added  to  excite  fermentation  ?  Thefe  two 
points  are  well  known  to  all  public  brewers, 
but  I  have  not  met  with  nny  creatUeon  brew- 
ing in  which  they  are  afcertained.  Com* 
brun  is  become  fo  fcarce,  I  have  not  been 


^  Plan  q:  mtimil  2Slbr«li^«;,«i/>.  bfir  on  ain$.      I  ^|ttb 

Hibff  to  pq?(fcurt  ft,  or  po/tbly  mJgfit  Mik   ffi^aW  fc*  dtrotcd  to  Tifch  tf  ihfgltt  hrart 
^bat  have  (Mmied  the  rnfocmatiott  I  irtw   thcrfi  t6  fittigu«;  or,  ocrtpkd  wi^foch 


Tfblicit.     -    -  1  am,  your^s,  &c. 
•     LntU&off  Bet.  ao,  179(7. 


amufertients  as  rt^^r  nfoMly  dired  tfaeti 
N.  S.  T.    future  labours. 

But  thefe  arc  fchemes  of  nattonal  rai* 
provetAent  to  whkh  fodiety  at  prefem  does 
001  fetiH  compeecttt.  Prodigal  aii4  loxu- 
riotiSj  tenacious  of  rank  and  fond  of  dif. 
tiii^ions,  we  facrifice  digaity  of  charafttr 


the  fcnfc  of  public  duty.  Qovernments 
likewife  tremble  at  the  throb  of  puWk 
virtue^  and  fttl  (haktn  t«  their  centres 
when  mankind  (bow  the  leaft  difpofition  to 
ihake  off  their  mental  ftupor,  or  to  aBert 


'  To  ibe  Ediiarrf  the  Monibfy  MagOsuHe. 

SIR,       , 

;'pHE  cilabWhment  of  national  fchools  in 
Frtncc  majr  at  IcafL  be  confiJercd  as 
'**'*^  l^ncfit  ariling  out  of  t^e  progrcfs  of    *»<*  *h*  economy  of  Tirnie  to  ufeleft  and 
the  revolution,  afnd  in  prr  portion  as  the  de-    splendid  exhibitions,  which  fink  and  de- 
*^f^  mniurcs  aiid  becomes  general,  mud    ^}^  ^he  elevieton  of  rtowd  fentiment  and 
.cmihcfHiy  promote  the  ends  cf  a  gbod  go- 
Hrcrfiment,  inaimuch  as  every  citizen  will 
•be  taught  to  feci  his  weight  and  confc- 
'^ricc  in  a  Hate  where  tafeots  and  vinue 

Wbrm'tht  criteria  0^ promotion.    Such  in-  ^  - 

HIitufioos,  on  a  fimi!ar  plan,  have  long  been  ^^  dignity  of  the  human  underdanding. 
^he  de/tdetaiim  of  this  couhrry. .  In  Eng-  If,'howevcr»  to  iafomrthe  mind  an^)  yet 
*i«nd,  tH^  education  of  youth  ha«  befcn  uni-  direct  it,  fo  that  it  may.be  ufcfd  to  the 
'Wmfy,  except  xt  fonle  few  inftanccs,  in-  community  and  honourable  to  its  coontiy  j 
"tvuftcd  to  the  moft  ignorant  and  incapa-  «nd  thar,  x^hite  it  ftefks-  tfe€  eDjoymclits 
***^l  or  to  fchoolmcn  who  heated  with  the  ?f  library  and  philofophkal  inftru6ttOo^ 
•prejudices  of  a  college,  view  tht  progrcfs  **  ''"T  contemplate  without  difguft  the 
'^  the  itrind  with  diitruft,  and  treat  its  ap-  fubordinaft  offices,  necelfity  and  warn  of 
iftude  \Vith  ncgleft.  fortune  compel  us  to   recur  to  j  are  ob* 

'  A  f^w  bcnci'olvnt  men,  but  ivhofe  funds  jefts-wonhy  the  confiicration  of  the  le- 
'wefe  too  fhiafi  to  realize  their  dcfigns,  fiflator  and  philanthropift,wcfliould  adopt 
•httly  hid  a  plan  in  contemplation,  which  »oroc  ^"^^  inftitutiOn  as  that  propofed^  and 
tbotigb,  perhaps,  in^ra^licable  under  an  "^^us  prepare  the  way  for  the  happinefs  <tf 
•'*dffiiriiftratioa.jealous  of  the  advancement  ttiankind.  Let,  fin  the  members  of  any 
c/f  kiiowfcdte*  was  cchainly  calculated  to    ^^tfe,  who  ought  all  to  be  the  equal  cat* 

*effcft  machgoodv       *  '^^  "  **'''*   '"'""" '~*~^* *^'"     ~ 

^  The  benefits  of  their  eftablifliment  ex- 
tended tdall  deeixes  of  people,  who  were 
'to  partake'  equally  in  their  plan  of  ioftruc- 
tioD.  A  rchool-houfe  was  to  be  ere^Ved  j 
tht  ez|^rlmcnc  was  tlrd  to  be  tried  in  the 
tountry,  to  which  every  man  in  the. vici- 
nity or  at  a  di(iat)cc,  was  at  Liberty  to  /end 
his  children;    The  fydem  of  education 


of  a  wife  govei-nment,  mingle  with  one 
another;  kt   them  be  taught  in  the  fame 
fchooli,  tvhere  their  daily  toil  will  be  mu- 
tual, their  emulation  kindred.    The  dif- 
ferent fpccies  of  inftru6lion  arc  open  to  all, 
and  the  dread,  that  in  proportioh  at  yoa 
enlighten  a  people,  you  unfit  them  for  the 
laborious  concerns  of  Kfe,  will  not  be  fek 
where  the  affections  are  cheriflied  aa  rccK. 
was  likewife  diFercat  from  that  generally    procal,  and  where  obedience  is  lefs  the  cf- 
ptrrfued,  it  being  more  the  object  of  the    *'c«  of  duty,  than  the  inclination  of  re* 
.cftablilhment  to  rernlcr  its  pupils  pra^-    gard. 

cally  vfri(b   than    philologically  learned ;        ?««•  'Si  »798.  Z.  W.  R, 

andTis  thole  who  formed  the  focicty  were '  \imtm 

feltte,  that    "  lefs  danger  is  to  be  appre-    To  the  Editor  of  the  MoHtbfy  Mageadm. 
iiiAjlfnm  ignorance  than  error ^*  z  pure  sir, 

afr^^H^terMe  fyftcin  of  morality  ihould  Tl^ANY  months  back,  appeared  &  your 
r>  divefted  of  fcholaftic  induction,  ^  "^  Mac«i-»itiP  fnmp  anr>A  ^v^Cm^^^i^^m:  ^« 
g  fiihply  out  of  principles  of  con- 


bi 

anSdi 
"cill  j^ion  and  mutual  juftice.  '  It  was  like 

wife;  intended  to  iniiru6l  the  boys  in  the 
'tomtnoh  law  6f  tht  \^^\6f  and  to  give  them 

fach  a  ncccffii:!  y  in!:ght  into  the  cohftitu- 
^tution  df  their  country,  as  might  enable 
'(hcffi  to  apprr-c-atc  rhe  value  of  its  funda- 
^riiendal  principles,  and  qualify  them  for 
'  the  difchargc  oF  their  duty.  All  dlftinc- 
*tlons,  but  thofc  of  fiipcrior  merit,  to  be 
Vare^plly    avoided;  -while    their    Itifure 


*^ours< 
a.-% 


Magazine,  fome  good  obferrations  on 
IPROVINCIAL  COIN'S.  On  perufing 
them,  I  was  led  to  pay  the  fubject  a  more 
ferious  attention^  than  I  had  been  ac- 
cuftomcd  to  do,  and  wi&ed  to  give  the 
ftudy  an  u'eful  direction  ;  belne  Hxrell  atvare 
that  many,both  writers  and  coll*ctttrs,have 
trifled  about  medal?,  and  expofed  them- 
felves  tt)  defcrved  ridicule.  1  fent  a  Ihort 
letter  on  the  fubject  to  your  Rcpofitory,  ac- 
companied With  a  ihedal  facrcd  to  the  ^life 
of  FREEDOM  ;  it  being  defigncd  to  prt- 


fedommdidtd    by  ^  Roufffeau,   fcrve  the  remtimbTancc  of  the  indepctideilr 

CQBdIuCt 


«W^J 


Dmitt  ms  u  Ttads /umtf  .in  9mu> 


n 


aadmti  ikt  lUnfordihire  yeomannr, 

ia  their  election  of  Robert  Biddolph,  efq. 
10  be  their  reprefcutattve  in  pari  lament^ 
thecircumftaaces  of  chat  apfxtintrocnry  and 
thegeneroiii  rc/blutions  that  followed,  de^ 
fcnre  the  rooft  honourable  iseniion  ;  and 
ire  worthy  not  oaly  of  being  held  up  to 
gcDcral  imuntipn  in  naodcrn  tiii^es,  but  of 
being  baoded  dowa  ia  the  moft  refpccfid 
lunner  to  poAecit/  :  for  it  may  with  truth 
beafltftefi,  that  there  is  not  a  fiogU  mem* 
berioche  HouTe  of  Commons,  who  liai 
ken  placed  there  by  a  coodticc  e^oally  fpi- 
rittd  and  popular. 

The  ktter  was  accompanied  with  a 
prtfofal,  that  when  medais  were  Uruck, 
cotiricd  to  public  noticci  one  iliould  be 
(cut  to  your  Magasine^  and  it  was  fub- 
Diittfd  toyour  judgmenr,  whotiter  it  might 
pot  be  at  opce  agreeable  and  inflru6ti\'e  to 
your  readers  to  prefent  them  with  an  en- 
fraving  of  it. 

This  letter  was  a  mere  hint,  and  appear- 
ed ia  your  Magazine  :  but  I  wrihed  to  af- 


S[0fif  Editofpf  (be  Sfc0i!ff  M^igW^ 

SXR, 

/T^Hfi  redpipci)  de^re  19  communicate 
^  and  to  Uftfin  to  cjttr^Of.diaAry  i^axxi* 
tions,  especially  4u¥h  as  appear  to  cpacm* 
di£b  the  ufual  oourfe  of  nature,  is  everjf 
wher«  prevajknc  ajRioog  mankind.  Talef 
of  ghoi^s  and  (wixches,  oi^cc  the  fruitful 
Source  of  the  marveUousi  bav«'now  (cea£b9 
to  atfe6t  evei)  the  vulgar.  But  Gngular 
dcviatioiks  ^rqi9)  what  we  ar^  accui^omcj^ 
to  (^6,  arc  0iU  received  with  peculiar  avlr 
dity.  To  cbeojKraiion  qf  (ij^s  pri^cipk^ 
I  am  io^iined  to  r^er  rl)e  v*rio\tf  riaircDf 
tivcs  with  whioh  ^ou  hai^e  been  favoured 
by  ieveral  CQrrerpunden(s,.of  toadtfoiiod 
iliut  up  in  foUd  n)ck5,  of  (late,  of  frce- 
fionftftidcYcn  qf  iparblf,  of  wMct^  Uft 
there  i»  a  Ipcaaicn  in  the '  Ma^qw^  o^ 
Rockingham's  icat  in  Yorkihire,' 

Z  have  p^-'fvcd  a  Urikiiig  peculiarkjr 
in  'Al  the  ifiihnces  brought  forward  >i|i 
your  Magazine-  Ko  one  is  given  by  ap 
eye«wi(ncfsofthc  hdt^  bu|  always  on  xVp 


ctruio,  how  far  it  Was  confiltent  with  your    authority  of  iomc  jijerfon.  of  .\m^9Ubt^ 

_!._ 11 !.-,...«.  .      veracity,  that  is,  in  whom  the  narrator 

..had  implicit,  belief.  I  need  hard& 
obferve,  lir»  how  ivuch'  in .  thi;^  rcfpCj^ 
iheie  Jlorii;^  reiemUc  the  tal^^  .qf  fI)9Hf> 
whicf)  ^iie  alwfiyi  giyeo  at  iero  \f}rhv%f 
.and  ^e  can  nf  vcr  .Vec.  the  perfqn^  yf^9f 
tkimfeif,  i'aw.the  g)iolL  Naw^  fp*'  ^'^^  ^ 
it  is  a  fcai  n^iraclf^ihac  ai4.ai^i(pfl  >v.t^ic^ 
has  Jungs,  and  cQnle^ucmly  cci|uires  ^ii  4 
that  has  a  ilomaah,  and  organs  of  ^jgcf- 
tion,  and  therefore  ftandft  in  nc^4  Q^.tvoq; 
that  has  bulk  and  di  men  lions,  and  ther^* 
fore  occupies  /pace  ;  ihould  be  found  in 
the  centre  of  a  folid  rock,  ^here  there  is 
neither  air,food,nor  vacancy -r-for  J  tjiinjc 
no  poan  will  be  hardy  enough  to  aiTert 
that  a  toad  can  live  during  the  cen^urias 
r«<iuired  to  form  done ;  I  mud  be  pef« 
jxuttcd,  till  the  ph'eoomenoD  b  eltfii^liSiM 


plan,  to  allow  the  fubjc^  a  nnore  ample 
^iioiffion.  1  accordingly  propofed,  if 
aereeable,  to  refum'e  it,  and  to  fend  an  ex- 
f  uoatioo  of  the  Herefordfliire  medal. 

The  infertton  of  that  letter  I  eonfidered 
»  an  anfwer  to  my  queftion ;  and  accord- 
ingly, in  cooffjrmity  with  ray  proraifc, 
feat  a  fecond  letter,  contarining  iome  oh- 
ferrations  on  medals,  firft,  in  reference  to 
ancient  literature,  after  the  manner  of 
Spanheim,  Villalpandus,  and  Addifon; 
and  afterwards,  in  reference  to  modern 
tioies,  with  a  few  particulars  concerning 
the  Hercfordihire  ete6U&n,  expls^uatory  of 
tbe  medal, — This  laft  letter  never  made  its 
appearance. 

Ii  at  firft,  apprehended,  that  the  effiiy 
might  not  (kit  tne  genius  of  ^dur  Repoft- 
^>  Soing)  s>  it  did»  into  a  mmme  exami- 


nation, and  inaking  rrfpe^ul  mention  of    ^7  ^better  authenticated  proots  rhan  ha^e 
SB  art  that  »  frequently  treated  as  trifling.    /^  heen  Hated,   to  abide  by  she  goldc;^ 


B«  on  enquif  y  I  have'been  informed  that 
the  printer  has  'miHaid  it.  X  bee  per- 
oiiffion,  therefore,  to  give  this  informa- 
tion; otherwife  1  am  liable  to  be  charged 
with  levity,  or  inadvertence.  For  1 
pledged  myfelf  to  wriie  on  the  fubjc6^:,  if 
ajreeaUe  to  yoor  wifl^es  ;  and  your  inl'er- 
uon  of  ray  firft  letter,  wilt  be  cdnficjered  in 
the  light  of  a  compl\^ce  witli  my  refjc^cil 


rule  laid  down  by  Mr.  Hun)C>  .viz.«o*^i5- 
Jic«:ein  the  IclTcr  miracle,  purely  it  it 
m'i^n  probable  that  all  thufe^peoplc  ibp^ld 
he.millak^n,  than  that  the  courfc  9/  09* 
turc  lliojld  be  fo  unat^^unta^ly j)ervcrtcfi. 
An.  inclination  for  the  jnacvcllous  is  a 
fin  that  cafily  b.cfctsus,  aqd  is  with  dl(- 


.  6c^lty  fcpillc^l :  ^he  bedl  ipode  of  oufiug 

,  .     ,,  ^ ,  -.-.^-i--^-  :"»  "  *P  a:iei^ti.jc,%dy  of  ^awre,,>vhi^h 

«  farther  reafon  for  my  writing  will-^  y^^^P^-PP^J  tcac^ijj  y^^hatJhcr  laws  arc  uw- 
aade  to  arife  firoin  Jt  call  of  one  of  your  ,  ^^^f^j^Jf^^^^^^fi^  ^t  inclipitig^  of  ^fce 
(onefpondents,  unknown  to  ,me»  tofulfel  mifidlfiix  Ac  >vQ^<icr5Mi-Wh^«^^ftif?g3^ 
«»y  cn^agtment.— My  fecond  Jct^  \\is  jM'Y^^pa^ti?  AU^^jjHi^V  ^ary  i^fjf 
«»monicate«f  to  ydn,  before  jhat  fcittr  ^^f*yS%^jt'|?*SKL  ^*'°»  °^f  yoiirY,  5ec. 
«idehf*piwftr«icc?|'art4:fir,-*li:«"^  -         '       '  A.  P.B. 

E  4  Ti 


is       Ptagiarifm -dHeSliiiuJtfmteci^}  Bxpaurim  Erintit^.       []m, 

SIR, 

ACOTtRESPONDENT  figninfr  him-  'p 
felf  N.  in  a  letter  ioferted  in  the  * 
Montblf  Mftgaztne  for  O^lober  laft,  re- 
(qucHed  an  explanation  of  that  article  of 
cur  creed,  *<  the  Communion  of  Sainu**— 
He  win  find,  I  think,  a  very  fatisfadory 
one"  in  arehbiihop  S€cker*e  t4th  Lefture 
on  the  Catechirm  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
^nd,  \y herein  he  conceives  it  to  mean  that 
communion  of  benevolence,  kind  offices, 
inftraCHon  and  edification,  which  ihould  be 
among  all  good  Chriftians.  B.  G. 

jT^.  the  Eilitor  tjf  the  Monthly  Magaxine. 

<«/^REAT    wits  jump"  fayt  the  old 

^^  proverb ;  now,  Mr.  Editor,  were 
you  and  I  to  fet  down  in  otir  refpe^Hve 
clofcts  (quarc  garrets  ?)  with  an  intention 
of  favouring  the  worl4  with  our  compo/i- 
tions  on  the  fame  given  fubjeft ;  and  fap- 
pofing,  after  publication,'  ic  0)oald  Uf  dif- 
covered  that,  not  only  an  identity  of  re- . 
fie6tid!bv  but  an  identity* of  expreflSng 
tliofe  rcflq^iohs,  pervaded  the  whole— 
what  would  the  world  fay  >-^Whar,  but 
that  I  had  pillaged  from'yoy— or  you  from 
•me— ^  that  we  were  two  "  compoiHe 
knives?"— Granted  f  well  then,  to  my 
fubjeA  :  amongft  the  numerous  works  of 
Oliver  Qoldfmith,  his  Hiftory  of  England 
^intjiree  vols.  8vo.  was  efteemed  one  of  his 
beft  publications,  and  the  fale  was  in  pro- 
portion to  the  eftimation  :  during  his*  life- 
time, was  pubtiihed  an  abridgement  of  the 
fame,  confefledly  by  himfelf.  Some  years 
afterwardi^  I  bclievc,appcared  another  hif- 
,  tory,  "  In  a  Scries  of  Letters  from  a  No- 
bleman to  his  Son,*'  which  has  vulgarly 
been  afcribed  to  Lr^rd  Lyttclron  I 

On  perufrng  thcfe  two  abridgments  (for 
the  *«  Letters  '  are  nothing  more)  the  moft 
glaring  famenefs  is  difcoverable  through 
mt  whole:  the  fame  reflections,  and  the 
yery  fame  expreffion  of  them,  every  where 
occur:  the  only  difference,  where  there 
Is  anv,  is  merely  occafioned  by  the  ufe  of 
the  Kcond  perfon,  as  is  ufual  in  an  cpifto- 
'  lary  form,  or  the  uime  (entiment  fometimes 
thinly  gauzed  over  br  a  variation  of  the 
'expreffion.  To  felea  infiances  would  be 
needlefs— a  ready  example  wilt  be  found 
throughout  the  whole.— Frbm  hence  it 
*«ppear$  that  the  •^L'etten"  are  merely 
^Tdfmith's  Hiftbn^,  put  Into  that  form 
b^  fome  needy  bwjKfclle^;^  or'' mote  needy 
'$Aiior,    •^m^nr  tiargtt^r  iiti/Jrf  faw 


To  the  Exiiiw  of  ibe  ^MmtAtj^  Mt^iamme. 

SIR, 

HE  very*  high  date  of  improvement 
to  which  the  art  of  fyrinting  has  ar« 
rived,  muft  give  great  pleaTiire  to  every 
lover  of  literary  purfuics.  He  reads 
with  peculiar  delight^  a  book  printed  with 
a  clear  type  and  on  good  paper,  and  en. 
joys  a  high  luxury  when  moft  beautiful 
typography  is  impreHed  upon  iarge^  tbiik 
cream- coiouredj  wirc'ttfove  pc^^  bol* 
prejfed. 

But  men  in  the.roiddiinr  rank  of  life 
cannot  afford  to  indulge  in  hixurie&oF  the 
table,  neither  can  they  afford  luxuries  in 
books ;  plain  welUdreffed  meat  is  better 
diet  for  them  than  tunle-foup*  and  pi^in 
welUprintcd  books  arc  more  proper  for 
them  ^"iifklarge  cream' coUjured<i  wirc^vjuw, 
bot^prejpsd,  ous.  Occafionally,  they  may 
fpare  a  guinea  to  purchai'e  a  luxury,  bat 
they  muft  more  commonly  content  them- 
felves  with  humble  nccclTanes. 

It  is  to  be  wifhcd  that  authors  wouM 
take  this  into  confideratioo ;  their  vanity 
may  be  increafed  by  the  appearance  of 
their  writings  on  a  glofly,  thick  cream- 
coloured  paper,  and  occafionally  this 
mode  of  publication  may.W  indulged  in, 
and  approved  of;  but  when  an  author 
publilhes  an  intcrcfting  work,  of  general 
utility,  he  ought  to  confider  that  many 
p^rfons  might  obtain  benefit  and  inftruc- 
tion  from  his  book,  if  they  could  purchafe 
it  at  a  moderate  price,  but  they  cannot 
afford  to  buy  large  cream  coluunj^  wire» 
wove  paper  ^  bei-prefd. 

1  am  induced  to  at^drefs  this  letter  to 
you,  from  having  fecn  a  late  publication 
of  Dr.  RoUo,  on  Diabetes  McUitus,  in 
2  vols.  8vo.  beautifully  printed  on  hot- 
preffed  paper,  price  twelve  fliiliings  in 
boards.  Thcfe  volumes  contain  much 
intercAing  information  for  medic-l  prac- 
titioners, concerning  a  difcafc  bicbeno 
almoft  conftantly  incurable,  but  which 
this  work  pr'jfeUes  to  point  out  a  mode 
of  curing.  If  this  publication  was  in- 
tended to  prove  ferviceable  to  mankind, 
by  eiving  new  li|ht  refpe£iing  this  dif- 
trefling  difeafc,  it  ought  to  have  been 
publKhcd  at  fuch  a  price,  as  to  have  been 
within  the  reach  of  the  generality  of 
practitioners,  and  this  it  might  eafily 
nave  been,  bad  it  been  printed  in  a  ie/s 
fplendid  manner.  I  think  it  migbt  have 
been  publifhed  in  one  8vo,  volume^  fuf- 
,  ficicmlv  well  printed  for  all  ufcful  pur- 
pqfes.  fqr  fix  or  fevcn  iHillings,  and  this 
.,  would  have  bec^  ,  more  *  particularly 
P">i>?^:^^>.  fttJW  proUuW,.  from 


fflfi,]  Jn  Ritp«rimentm  tbt  Cagele^  tj  Mercury 


89 


fhe.pre^e,  tkat  this  will,  in  a  ihort  ^therof  nitric  acid,  prepared  in  the  man - 

tine,  be  fuperCeded  by  a  more  complete  iier  indicated  above,  were  olupged  into 

edition ;  in  this  cafe,  the  purchafers  of  it,  ^nd  in  half  an  hour  took  the  tempc* 

.1 i* :r  ^^ lA.     --    .^^iL   _^__      _r  ^t _:_>... ^    aU^«.  :«  *^  c^.. o  . 


fisi^  prefdnt,  if  tney  wilh*  as  molt  men 
do,  to  have  a  perfed  werk,  will  probably 
be  obliged  to  pay  a  guinea  for  the  whole, 
in  rbree  volumes^  aud  may  perhaps  lofc 
feve0  ibiliings  by  the  firft  edition- 

I  mean  not  more  particularly  to  point 
oDt  Dr.  Ro|,LO  as  blameabie  in  this 
refpe£k  j  feverai  otlier  authors  ve,  in  my 
opJDioD,  fully  as  much  fo  as  he  is.  1  have 
alluded  CO  his  book,  becaufe  it  has  more 
immediately  ikruck  me  as  much  too  fplen- 
did  for  general  ufe,  but  1  by  no  means  wifh 
to  be  underflood  as  cenfuring  him  alone. 

Let  works  of  talle  and  ftandafds  of  ex- 
cellence, purchafed  by  the  rich  and  mag- 
niiiceot,  be  publilhed  with  every  embel- 
lifhment  and  eiegiince  that  art  can  be- 
llow, bat  lee  works,  intended  for  general 
utility  and  propofed  improvements,  be 
cooteoied  to  appear  in  a  more  humble 
drtfs,  and  at  a  price  which  may  nut  abfo- 
iu:ely  deter  the  unopulent  philolopher 
fxom  fearching  into  them  for  wifdoni. 

ie^enAtr  aa.  S.  M. 

For  the  Monthly  Magcaine, 

AKExPBRIMtMT  ON  THSCONGSLA- 
T10NOPM£RCli|lY,MADE  ByCiTX- 


rature  of  the  mixture,  that  is  to  fay,  17** 
but  the  fnow  had  irot  quite  ri  acl^  the^ 
fame  degree  of  coW.  By  means  of  a 
tin  bane/f  {omc  of  this  fnow  was  gradually 
introduced  into  the  pail  containing  th^ 
nitric  acid ;  and  the  mixture,  which  bad  a 
thermometer  of  fpirits  of  wine  plunged 
into  it,  was  carefully  ftirrcd  aliout.  The 
thermometer  fell  gradually,  in  a  manner 
perceptible  to  the  eye,  till,  in  about 
eight  or  ten  ifkinutes,  it  reached  ji**- 
The  mercury,  inclofed  in  very  thin  bulbs 
of  glafs,  was  then  plunged  into  the  mix- 
ture alfo,  and  became  perfectly  folid.  The 
perfon  who  held  the  glafs  tube  belonging 
to  the  bulb,  thought  he  perceived  the 
moment  of  the  change,  by  a  flight  flic>clc 
which  his  hand  undetwent,  and  which 
may  have  been  occaiionod  by  the  fudden 
contraction  of  the  mercury  ;  a  pheno. 
roenon  fimilar  to  what  is  ohferved  when 
.phofphorus  paiTes  from  a  liquid  to  a  folid 
date.  It  was  alfo  perceived  that  a  por- 
tion of  the  m^ral  was  cryftalliicd. 

The  folidity  of  the  mercury  was  after- 
wards afcertained  by  beating  it  upon  -a 
flat  plate  fun  tas)  with  a  hammer,  both' 


cooled  in  the  fecond  mixture,  that  is  to 
ZENS  Hassenpratz,  Welter,  .fay,  at  the  temperature  of  17**  :  by  this 
Bom  JOUR,  and  Hachette.  operation  it  was  confiderably   flattened. 

THE  nitric  acid  that  was  to  fervc  for    One  of  the    experimenters  took   in  his 
the    operation  was   firfl  prepared  ;    hand^he  metal  thus  flattened,  and  flill 
for  thai  pnrpofc,  acid  was  taken  crfwhich    folid,    and,  koep»i^g   it  there   for  fomc 


the  (pcci&c  gravity  was  t.516,  and  this 
WAS  mixed  with  a  certain  quantity  of 
fnow,  at  the  temperature  of  the  atmof- 
pbere,  which  occalioned  a  production  of 
he4iC.  Sttccefilve  dofes  of  fnow  were  af- 
terwards added,  till  heat  was  iu> , longer 
produced.  The  acid  was  then  reduced 
to  the  fpecific  gravity  of  1.420,  and  was 
of  tne  fame  temperature  as  the  atmof- 
phere. 

After  this  preparation,  a  mixture  was 
made  of  three  parts  of  fnow.  and  one  of  fea 
iah,  containing  its  water  of  Lryftaliizatioo,  .  Uttle  icicles 
the  temperature  of  the  atmnf|)here  being 
5*  (of  iUaktmtr*i  tberrmmeterj.  By  ihew 
means  a  degree  of  cold  of  i^®  was  ob- 
tained. 

It  was  ob(enred  that  this,  temperature, 
refttitiilg.  from  the  mixture,  did  not 
eiBBgc  during  three  days,  though  that 
of  the  aUDofphere  varied  from  5^  above 
nought  to  9f .  beU^w ;  nor  did  the  mixture 
take  the  temperature,  of  «the  atmofphere 
(ill  the  iak  waa  entirely  diflblved 


tiiAe,  fett  a  painful  fenfation,  (imilar  to 
that  of  a  burn.  The  mercury  left  a 
white  m^irk,  which  afterwards  turned 
red,  and  was  perceptible  for  feverai 
days. 

It  was  remarked  that,  at  the  tempe- 
rature  of  31*',  the  addition  of  more  fnow 
did  not  increafe  the  cold ;  but,  on  the 
contrary,  diminilhed  it  by  a  produ^ion 
of  heat :  the  moment  of  its  doine  fo  was 
eaAly  determinable,  beciiufe  the  fnow 
then  fwam  upon  the  acid,  in  the  form  of 


7b  the  Editor  of  the  Montl^  Ma^azlni. 

THE  followitig  declaration  lately  fent 
to  a  friend  for  his  fignatifre,  in  or- 
der 10  qualify  h'm  for  receivinga  part  of 
a  legacy  left  by  an  opulent  Diflentcrt 
not  T)tig  finc'e  deceafed,'  afforded  me  at 
the  fame  time  sCAiufemcnt  aAd  concern. 


•<  I  of  -—do hereby  declare,  ' 

''**'  that  I  am  ft  Mimfter»  Teacher^  and 
This  feeond^mmuftti  being  made,  two   «  Prea^er  of  the  Gofpel ;  that  I  am  not 
ti  (tic  gUfii  pailiy.aw.  fail  «  lJi6w»  the   *<  an  Unitafkuii   ilrik»,  Bocinian,   or 

**Armiiiiaii$ 


JP 


Cn  Stifcrif^us  MU^JXfiHltn^ 


0*»> 


**  ArBunian^  bqt  that  I  am  of  Cahri* 
«*  niftic  pdaciplea  of  the  — — —  de- 
'*  nomioatioD  ;  and  that  I  do  not  ufually 
'*  adminiftcr  or  receive  the  ordinance  aE 
**  the  Lord's  Supper,  conMsonly  called 
**  the  Sacrament,  kneeling,  nor  have  done 
**  fo  for  the  laft  fix  months.** 

Undoubtedly  the  worthy  teftator  had 
a  right  jto  limit  his  pofthumous  bonnty 
to  poor  difleniing  miniftcrs  of  any  par^ 
ticular  defcription,  and  to  exclude  all 
others  by  this  or  any  other  teft.  To  this 
mcaAire  he  was  probably  led  by  having 
been  habituated  to  a  ^mewhat  fimilar 
praifticev  in  the  management  of  the  con- 
gregational fond  ;  the  beneficiaries  of 
which  have,  I  believe,  been  always  ex- 
pa^ed  to  give  in,  not  merely  inch  a  de- 
^laration  as  this,  but  ^  jregular  and  ex- 
plicit confeOion  of  their  faith.  Whe- 
cher»  however,  fuch  rtqui^tioos  are 
ftri^ly  juftifiable  in  any,  but.efpeciaUy 
in  penons  who  profefs  to  di0cnt  from  the 
eftabliihmenT,  upon  the  princple  of  the 
folc  authority  ot  Chriil  in  his  church, 
and  the  unlavyfulnefs  of  human  impo- 
iitioyis ;  and  whether .  they  do  not  na- 
turally lead  to  the  evil  confequences  fo 
well  deicribed  in  the  following  letter,  I 
leave  to  your  readers,  fucb  of  tbem| 
particularly,  as  it  may  more  immediately 
concern,  to  judee.  Jb  have*  only  to  ado, 
that  it  was  found  among  the  papers  of  an 
excellent  perfon  foine  time  fince  deceafed» 
who  will  be  known  to  many  nf  your 
theological  readers  by  his  ul'ual  fignature 
of  V»GiLius  :  It  appears  to  h»ve  Been 
tht  firft  topy  of  a  letter  addrcffcd  to  a 
leading  liiandger  of  the  board  above- 
mentioned,  more  than  forty  years  ago.  I 
am,  &c. 

V.  F. 

«*  R*V.  SIR. 

«  WHEN  I  fettled  asminiftertoibe 
congregation  of  proteflant  DiiTeniers  in 
this  place,  I  was  informed  that  -for  maiy 
years  they  had  been  aflilted  in  fupport- 
ang  the  miniftry  amongft  them,  by  an 
annual  exhibition  from  the  Independent 
Fund. 

^  Aooordtngly  I  received  five  pounds 
from  that  fund,  about  the  clofe  of  laft  year 
.bnt  one,  which  was  the  firft  of^my  mini. 
A^y  here,  and  for  which  I  am  trtily 
thankful. 

**  At  theckiV  of  laft  year,  hearing  xm>- 
thing  of  the  utfual  aUowaocc,  I  got  a 
friend,  one  of  this  fociety,  toeiiquhrc.by 
a. relation  in  lown^iato  ihc  rcjibn  of  the 
&op,  and  ^licit  .a  jonn^inwintc.  of  the 
■  y^fui^l  aflii^9cet  .  *\fi)cr  fo«f*e  .time  W<l  re- 
.  fitii^  theMWi^e  aftfvTfr^A^iromjmii 


that  <<  M  I  wM  la-ftranger  to  yo<  Iff 
**  would  fend  you  a  letter  of  my  princt* 
**  plcf>  yott,  or  fomc  of  your  brnhren, 
**  would  take  care  that  fomethtng  ihouM 
**  be  givea  us,  if  the  letter  was  approved 
<*  of.'"    I  conMs  I  wns  a  good  deal  fur^ 
prized  at  thia  anfwer,  bccaufe  the  de- 
mand  iafo  generil  and  indeterminate.    I 
could  not  fuppoCe  that  yon  expeded  I 
Hkould  give  an  account  at  large,  of  sH 
the  articles  of  ifty  Chriftian  Uirh,  nor 
could  I  ooDjefture  which  were  cfpecially 
meant,  as  no  particular  were  fpecificd. 
When  r  waa  admitted  to  preach  ai  a 
candidate  for  the  mini^ry,   and  after- 
wards at  my  ordination  to  that  facred 
office,  many  years  aro,  I  gave  an  ac- 
count of  my  piin'cfptes,  I  believe  fahf. 
fa^ory  to  feme  of  the  raoft  eminent  in 
the    difi'entin^  miniftrv  in   thefe  psrtt, 
fuch  as  the  late  Dr.  Charles  Owen  of 
Warrington,  Mr.  Oardner  of  Cheftcr, 
Mr.Culcheth  of  Macclesfield,  and  others*, 
nor  am  I  confcious  of  having  admitted 
any  material  change  in  my   principles 
fmce  that  time.  Some  alterations  in  mat- 
ters of  fmaller  moment,  1  prefume,  may 
be  fuppofcd  the  confequence  of  fan  her 
light  and  inftruAtons,  and  of,  I  truft,  a 
lerious  enquiry  into  the  truths  of  the 
goCpel.    In  general,  I  firmly  bcHeve  the 
gofpel  of  our  Lord  Jefus,  and  endeavour 
to  make  the  holy  fcripture  the  rule   of 
my  life  and  miniftrv ;  but  if  a  more  ex- 
plicit declaration  of  my  ferrimentf,  with 
regard  to  fome  particular  points,  be  ftill 
inti{led  upo?:,  as  'Hl*  ioditpenfible  term  of 
the  continuance  <>f  your  favour,  and  of 
the  aiijftance  of  your  fund,  I    muft  on 
that   very  confideration,  beg  to  be  ei- 
cul'ed  ;  for  though  (for  aught  I  am  cer- 
tified of  )  my  ientimcms  in  the  particu- 
lars inteoded,   may  be  confonoahle  to 
your  own,  Jiay,  though  I  were  fatisfied 
they  were  peiie^ly  f9,  yet  this  is  a  term 
I.  dare  not  comply  with  :  for  as  1  hope, 
through  the  aifinances  of  divine  grace,  to 
condM  myfelf  in  the  great  concern  of 
faith  and  falvation  on  principlec  of  dm- 
plicity  and    godly    fincerity,  not 'with 
Aeihly  wifdom,  I  would  not  admit  pe- 
cuniary cpnfidc  rations  to  have  a»y  weight 
either  in'  the  forming  or  declaring  my 
belief.    But  if  I  w«re  appreheafive  that 
my  fentimentsdiffered  fnom  youraiii  fome 
things,  and  .that  they  would  >b«^diiap- 
proved  by  you  if  honeftly  declared,  and 
that  on,.thitiaccoupt  I.  muft' forfeit  your 
faioar  aad  iupjiocr, .  i  csiMOff  anaffwer  for 
it  Kow  /arl.the  ahove  pdcunnry  oonfide- 
jratimfei^    9nicmi  adaucud,    though   they 
.fioqld^aBd  «lioee«Mc9ce'to  con^iiuie^y 
judgment! 


I^^il    gtdjcriptim'm9fit  liighf^  it 


jadgmtiai  might  ptott  a  Ht^mw  to 

acoMDiBodue  roy  eiprtffioiw,  to  fuit  with 

what  1  might  ftpprefaeiicl  to  be  yoiM*  fcn-^ 

nmeiitf ,  irid  to  conceal  my  own ;  nor 

can  I  teli  how  far  it  might  pleafc  God 

IB  righteoufnefs  to  leave  xne^  to  fail  by 

iltch  c  teniptaRioD.     You    have  Hved 

kmgcr  in  the  worW,  ind  feew  more  of 

mankind  than  I,  yet  I  have  lived  long 

enough  even  in  thi$  obfcurity,  to  fee  and 

bment  inore  than  one  inftainjpe  uf ,  thcfo 

mt  of  exprcffion  and  concealment,  un* 

wocthy  the  ihnplicityy  reftitu^,  and  in- 

legrhy  of  heart,  b(«:oroing  Chriftiaoity 

tjt4  the  miniftry ;  and  therefore^  upon 

fofther  refle^on,  I  cannot,  hist  eftecm 

k  a  pieoe  of  neceflary  luftice  to  you,  to 

fuppofe  that  my  friend  a  rcfetion  trtif- 

focK,  and  tnadverteiktlr  mifreprefented 

yoor  meaning*    I  peifoade  myfelf  that 

yon  have  too  much  of  the  amiable  fpi^ 

rit  of  the  i^pel,  and  tendefnefa  for  die 

the  confctences  of  your  brQthre»>  to  aU 

kmr  it  CO  be  your  intention  or  px^ice, 

to  denKlnd  of  them  an  account  of.  their 

priociplea  for  your  appjrobation,  attend^ 

leg  thofc  deennds  with  Worldly   mo- 

tivea,  the  fnggeftoiot  whereof  (efpccialiy 

when  eafotictfd  as  ih  kna&y  cales  by  the 

prevalence  of  indigeneo,   and  the  de- 

aaadt  of  numerous  dependents)  fo  ob^^ 

vioiifly  drlvr  iiKc  pfevaricaiioiiy  a  thing 

which  I  am  fore  yon  leaft  doitre  i  beiidet 

that,  I  am  conVtiKed  you  have  too  greae 

and  cootinnal  reverence  hr  the  great 

Shepherd  not  to  be  fotidtous,  that  when 

he  ftall  appear  to  exa6^  ffOJA  eath  of  ua 

SB  account  of  oor  refpe^ive  trufta.  you 

may  noc  be  found  tohave  perverted  that 

gmt  and  txtcntive  truft  re^ed  in  you 

for  the  fupport  of  the  gofpel,  into  a  ftum^ 

bhng-blocky  and  an-  occafiop  of  falling 

thrown  in  your  brother's  Vay.    Your 

own  foiil^  1  am  fatisfied,  profecures  the 

thought,  and  dreads  theconfeqaente. 

**  if  indeed  it  be  fo,  that  the  pccfon 
who  waited  on  you»  onour  account,  did 
«gf  miftake  your  meaning,  and  that  you 
rmliy  demanded  an  account  of  my  jwin. 
ciples,  in  order  thittin  cafe  upon  trial 
they  met  with  approbatiMrl  might  hope 
for  the  contintteil  atiifUnce  of  your  fund, 
and  not  otherwife,  I  can  only  aeeonnt  for 
it  by  foppofing  that  foixve  miTemployed 
tongue  or  peA>  hath  ^iren  you  a  diiad* 
vaotagoous  aeaount  cf  me ;  and  as  I 
know  not  ftom  whence  the  act9ck  comes, 
or  upott  ^hat  part  of  my  chaniaer,  as  e 
^liever  or  preacher  of  the  golpel,  th« 
Amkc  hnth  faUen,  I  mo^  endeavour  to 
bear  the  hurtful  effeas  of  it,  with  pa- 
ttenee  tnd  cefigaaiiokh     But  however 


you  may  fee  Bt  to  detenAke  with  oegard 
to  me,  give  me  leave  to  intercede  with 
you»  good  fir,  in  favour  of  this  fmail 
fociety  of  ferious  Chriftiaos^  fo  long  the 
chaise    of    the    worthy   and   amiab(o 

Mr . 

**  Should  you  finally  withdraw  your  af<- 
iiftancc)  they  will  have  great  difficulty  to 
iupport  a  minifter,  and  probal^ly  muft 
foon  diifolvc.  if  I  am  ooliged  to  give, 
way  to  the  difcountenance  and  difcou- 
rage  meat  I  meet  with,  perhaps  they  majr 
procure  another  mi niiler,  who  may  not 
labour  under  my  difBculties,  to  give  you 
all  required  ratisfa£tion  ;  and  whoever 
be  fhall  be,  may  he  prove  more  fkiiful 
and  fuecefftful  than  1,  in  promoting  the 

treat  intereils  of  the  Redeemer*s  kiog- 
oro,  and  of  the  faith,  holinefs,  and  com« 
fort  of  his  people  hcte  t  As*  for  myfelf^ 
if  the  great  Head  of  the.  churches  hath 
any  farther  work  for  roc  in  his  vineyard, 
may  I  be  found  faithfully  endeavauring 
to  diicharge  my  duty  according  to  the 
meafure  of  abilities  imparted  to  roe,  and 
I  humbly  truft  in  his  gracious  fupport 
and  final  accepunce.  That  you  may 
derive, from  him  all  Coitable  flrengthy 
fuppon,  and  blcffiog^  to  dlredt  and  to  luc« 
ceed  you  in  every  faitliful  endeavour  to 
advance  his  honour  and  intereft  among 
men,  is  the  linferf  and  fervent  petitioi% 
of,  reverend  fir,your  afifc&bnate  bcother, 
and  very  hiunble  fervant. 

'*  W.T." 


I 


For  the  Mimbij  Magasunc. 
N  the  eleventh  volume  ot  the  works  of 
Dn  JohoTon,  there  is.  in  a  vifion,  in- 
titled  **  The  AiHxheofii  of  Miiton/*  a 
fpecimen  of  reaTonin.^  upon  io^Uy^  of  fo 
very  tfxtraordinary  a  kind,  as  might  make 
him,  who  had  read  fucb  different  reafoniog 
from  the  ikme  writer,  blefs  himfelf  for 
wonder, 

Itt  Woftmiofter  Abbey,  the  genius  of  the 
place  informs  the  viiionift,  that  in  the  rcom 
lacped  to  the  fpirits  of  the  bards  (whofc 
remains  are  buried  or  monuments  cre€(ed 
within  that  pile)  there  was  to  be  held,  on 
tlie  n;|ht  ^  the  vilion  (fuppofed  to  be  that 
folio wtng  toe  eredion  of  tiie  monument  to 
Mihon)  an  alFembly  of  great  importance, 
for  debating  whether  he  ihouid  be  ad* 
mitted  one  of  the  honourable  fraternity  « 
and  that  a  ftrong  oppofition  would  he 
mode  by  fome  members  oft  acoount  of 
the  principles  of  Mileon.  More  than 
ninc'tentbk  of  this  little  piece  are  ukcn  up 
with  very  good  defer! ptions  of  the  charae- 
ters  which  compole  the  aflembly  ^  of  :l\e 
4ebftic  fie  ikftve  hut  two  fpec«her.  ^ 

Chaucer. 


I«2 


Pfevutthn  tf^Ptr^trj  if'-BmiiHitt:, 


■tjai.. 


tion  thole  of 'paper,  (boixge,  fmooth  maho-  plakj  to  tbeexceHenej^ofvyebaRfhefrina- 

pany,.a  piece  of  gfoe  a  little  warmed,  pal anijtsh London 'have  borne  Ujlimonyr 

Imcn  cloth,  leather  (of  Which,  diat  tifed  I  will  readily  gratir,  Aat  if  a  plan,  fo 

for  lloNfoJes  i»thcb<ft)  8:c;  powerfully  recdmni ended,  has  been  re- 

Atter  going  through  thefc  anfl  tnany  jefted  by  the  Bank  Dircaors,  thev  arc  not 

•  other  fimilar  eifperiments,  1  made  a  fquare  only  'deferving  of  cctifcrrc,  but,  Wercr 

dea!  frame,  on  which  I  glued  a  fteet  of  joft:y  the   forger  may  dcftrve  haogine, 

paper,  r then  placed  It  before  f he  fife,  and    -  "'  •^      ---*r   •      ._' .        .^    .- 

applici  the  India  rubber  as  in  nrty  other 
experiment,  but  the  propenfity  to  dec- 


will  be  acCefTarics  to'  murder,  if  they 
ever  profecuce  to  death  any  fotnre  for- 
gefv,  while  their  notes  Continue  to  be 
fabricated  on  the  old  plan.  But  to  mc, 
and,  1  dare  fay,  to  all  your  readers,  itmoft 
appear  abfolutcly  impofliWe,  in  the  nature 
of  things,  that  the  faft  can  be  true.  Arc 
not  the"  Bank  pTcCtors  men  of  the  fird 
cha-afVcr  in  the  commercial  world,  Kirh 
with  relation  to  property,  'Abilities,  probity, 
a>ul  iiitcgrity  ?  Could  fuch  men  be  fo 
critPinaJly  ncg'ijjeni  and  tdgardlefs  r f  the 
hightrui^  rcpoftd  in  then),  and  nf  the 
durj^  they  owe,  not  on»y  to  thtir  imme- 
diate  tonftiiutnts,  but  to'the  public,  as  la 
refufe  a  plan  calculated  to  lefl'en  tbc  num- 
ber of  forgeries  and  public  executions? 
Importible  !  But  even,  if  Wc  coi'ld  for  a 
moment  fuppofe  them  fo  devoid  of  princi- 
,  pie,  as  to  ail'»w*themfetves  to  be  influ- 
enced by  a  fpirit  of  patronage  and  private 
motives  in  the  employment  of  thole  who 
J5fr^r  i^ /bi-^<r>',  <Tther  as  to  the  propriety  are  more  immediately  coohefted  with 
of  adopting  every  pollible  nieans  to  pre-  this  department ;  could  we  believe  thit 
Tcntuthc  wgery  of  bank  notej^,  or  as  to  men  ot  the  if  penetration  would  be  b 
the  degree  of  guilt  which  attache?  to  the  blind  to  tl^eir  own  Intcreft,  as  to  ne^jkd 
putilic,  or  to  any  cldfs  of  the  community,  tlic  means  of  adding  to  the  fccuritj  tf 
when  they  punjfli,  withTcvcriiy,  a  crime  their  individual  property  ?  This  would  k 
which  they  I^avc  not  done  e\ery  thing  in  to  fuppofe  them  governed  by  principles 
their  power  to  prtvent.  '  ^"^ 

fii«  rcafpnu^g,"  on  thefe  points,  goes  fo 
home  to  the  coi>vi6\imi  of  every  man, 
that  I  am  lurc  his  PuggeRions  wjU  not  be 
.tf^ycrlooVed  j   but,  towards   the   clofe    of 

^is  letter,  he  ftans  a,qucftion 'which ought  *  tolozii.  Heath, "Sha'rp,  Fitiler,  and  other 
Bot,  in  ray  opinion,  to  have  been  brought  equally  eminent  men,  which  1  have  a 
forward,    until    he    had   afccrtairied'  its  *  right  to  think  be  does,  by  the  delervtd> 


trky  was  fo  weak,  that  it  was  only  vifible 

by  its  attra6ti^g  a  lighr feather,  (bfpended 

by  a  thread.     Hence -my  opinion  that  the 

ftiid   is  collected  from  the  fubftaifcc  on 

which  the  paptr  is  I  aid,' and  not  from  that 

by  which  it  is  rubbed .  • 

If  the  paper  be  rubbed  with  bees*- wax 

.  previous  to  its  bemgufed,  it  will  he  found 

to  have  a  much  ftronger  propenfity  to  the 

'produftion  of  electric  matter,  than  when 

^ice  clean.    .    I  am,  fir. 

Your  obcdieAt  fenant, 
Tho$.  Gkiffith*. 
JManchefter^  Die,  lo,  1797. 

'  ,^  To  tb€  Ediior  of  the  Monthly  Magazine, 

T  AM;iot  inclined  to  controvert  the  argu- 
*  ments  advanced  in  your  laft,  by  A  Suf- 


different  from  thofc  which  actuate  all 
mankind,  and  more  void  of  Jntelledt  than 
afs-drivcrs. 

\U  hy  "the  principal  artifts'in  Lon- 
don," tnc  '♦  Lofirlfy  Forgery^  means  Bar- 1 


*  truth;  and  the  more  fo,  as  the  Tift  to 
which  it  alludes  is  of  fuch  a  nature,  that 
-oven  more  than  a  common  degree  of  eyi- 
^ence  would  be  ncceSary  to  give  it  any 
dcErecof  credibility. 

Before  I  prcjcecd 'farther,  I  beg  lo:ivc  to 

.  quote  ^our  'corre(paiJcknt*s  own  words 


refpeftful  manner  in  which  he  fpeaks  of 
thcm^  1  will  allow  that  their  judgment  is  | 
not  to  be  queflioned  on  a  p<:>int  of  this 
nature.  But  it  will  be  no  eafy  matter  to 
convince  the  public,  that  the  Bank  Di- 
rcftors  would  arrogate  to  themfclves  a 
right  to  fet  up  their  opinion,  on  a  queftion 


*•  If  there  be,'*  fays  he,  **  any  degree  of  connected  with  the  arts,  in  oppofition  to 

culp Ability  on  the  part  of  thofe  in  uhofe  that  of  fuch  men — of  individuals,  whofc 

department  it  lies,  in  not  having  adopted  charaftcr,  for  probity  and  honour,  ft^nds 

fuch  obvious  improvemeiits  in  the  fabri-  as  high  as   that  of  the  Dire^^ors  them-j 

cation  of  bank  notes,  as  the  prefent  ad-  felves  ;  for  a  proper  degree  of  modefty 

v^nced  ftate  of  the  arts  puts  within  their  will  ever  be  found  to  refult  from  thole 

reach,  will  it  not  be  aggravated  if  it  ihall  attainments  which  qualify  a  mrfn  for  f<» 

he  found,  that  they  have  refufid  a  plan  diftinguiibed  a  fituation  as  that  of  a  Bankl 

,^'hicb  ivfjuhl  not  enly  have  rendered  forgery  -Dirc^or.                                                 -  | 

much  more   d'lJficuU  than   at  prefent^  but  By  princtpal-  ariijls,  it  would  be  unfair 

0lmoj?^   if  not   altogether^   H^poJ^U'-^a  to  Tuppofc  that  your  correfponderit  m«relf 

Oieaol 


17^8-3 


JtUmbftjfMt*  B^U  rfftprtA^ 


•5 


mean*  eagrafen  of  ikoivbilh  aad  clQeW*<  t 

(itals.;  fbr,  though  among,  thefe  there. 
may  bct  and  no  doubc  tre,  many  mca  of^ 
abilities  and  chairaifkr*-  it.  migttf  be  dq 
difficult  matter  £«r  a  projedor  to  find, 
among  this  clais»  fiiads  who  might  boi 
itfiutnced  to  approve  a  plan  on  wKich  they 
are  hy  no  means  coropetcat  to  decide** . 
ButfCvcc  in  thiccafe.,  the  Dirc£^ors  would 
certainly  have  beftowcd  on  the  plan  the 
attenti'JQ  to  which  it  might  appear  to  b& 
enritlcd,  by  taking  the  opinion  of  abler 
amfts  to  guide  them  in  their  determina- 
tion. 

Thus,  I  think,  I  hare  demonftrated,- 
from  every  view  that  can  be  taken  of  the 
fubjeft,  ho\nr extremely  improbable  ir  is, 
that  the  Bank  Directors  have  refufed  i 
plan  recommended  io  the  manner  which 
lias  been  ftated ;  but,  if  it  ihould  cum  out 
to  be  true  that  they  have  actually  rejefled 
iuch  a  plan,  in  fpite  of  all  the  inducemcnu 
for  its  adoption  which  it  holds  out,  I 
koow  DO  hngu^e  which  caa  do  juftice  to 
their,  demerits. 

Thequeition  may,  however,  be  brought 
ifito  a  narrow  compafs :  if  fuch  a  plan 
has  been  propofed,  let  its  author  come 
fonvard,  and  let  the  artifts,  by  whom  it 
has  b(en  approved,  declare  themfelves 
sifo.  This  is  a  duty  which  they  owe  to 
the  public;  and  no  motives,  of  a  private 
nature,  ought  fo  to  operate,  at  to  prevent 
them  from  its  performance. 

The  public  have  a  right  to  every  fccu- 
rity  tlic  hank  can  give  them  ;  and  if  the 
plan,  to  which  the  Sufferer  fy  Forgery 
alludes,  be  calculated  to  increaie  that  fecu- 
rity,  I  can  with  fafety  proroife  him,  that 
its.  merits  will  be  inveftigated  by  more 
thanooe 

PRfVAT£  Banker. 

bwdoHf  Dec,  a  a. 

Fcr  tbe  Monthly  Magazine. 

TO  THE  EDITOR, 

■lylTHOUT  intending  the  fmalleft 
' '  offence,  fir,  to  your  ingenious  cor- 
refpondeat.  Modulator,  I  will  be  bpld  to 
couafel  him  to  obferve.eorrefbefs  in  his 
promolgation  of  anecdotes.  No  fuch 
conversion,  as  he  pretends,  could  ever 
have  pollibly  paifed  between  the  late  Mr. 
Burke,  my  old  acquaintance,  and  the 
worciiy  do^r  alluded  to;  becaufe  the 
fmall  gran»inatical-  difpute  in  queftion 
really  £ippeiied  in  the  Hbufe  of  Commons 
during  the  American  war,  and  in  my 
heatiiig.  ^t  was  between. Lord  North  and 
Mr.  Barke^  the  former  fchooling  the  lat- 
ter very  mucbi  to  his  apparent  monifica- 
tiooi  fov  pr9mMUiQttg  the  I  &oit  in  ve^ti* 


gal 4  aibd  1- believe  a  goiiieivager  wa« 
beued^  The  truth  is,  Mr.  Burke,-  «• 
Lord  I  Nonh  weli  knew,  aod  -  has  oftem 
told  me,  was  bat  an.  indifferent  daffitral 
fehoUr,  not  knowing  a  leucr  of  Greeks 
perhaps  even  unable  to  conih'ue  many^ov 
iDofttof  his  own  Latin  quotations. 
.  It  has  been  wondered  at  by  many,  that 
your.  MagazRit^  acklaowiedged,  at  iaUt 
even  in  our  rclu^ant  circles,  as  the  bt€t 
which  has  1iirhcrK>  appeared  in  our  lan- 
guage,-ihcTuld  never  have  given  the  pub^ 
lie^  or  even  noticed,  the  character  of  Mm 
Burke,  as  given  by  the  man  \tho,  of  alt 
others,  knew  him  beft,  the  lare  Gerrard 
Hamilton.  It  appeared  firft  in  France, 
and  afterwards,  about  Ju!y  laft,  in  fom^  o£ 
our  Magazines.  Certain  it  )s,  the  friends 
of  Mr.  -Burke  did  all  in  their  power  to 
fupprefs  it,  and  I  believe-  fucceededi  ia 
fome  degree.  Hamilton's  quarrel  with 
Bupke  is  now  faid  tn  have  been  purely  of 
a  political  nsture,  anH  that  there  are, 
befides  the  character  in-  queftion,  certm 
pieces  from  the  pen  of  the  fornner,  which 
will  one  day  be  highly  interefting  to  pub* 
tic  curiofity. 

Democraticus. 
Fail-MaUf  Sunday  E'vening^  Dec*  ^^*  ' 

For  the  Monthly  Magazine, 
{The  ft»lk>wing  account  of  tbe  prefent  condi- 
tio of  rhe  United  States  of  North  Americay 
in  fevcrsl  important  par:icuLirs,  is  tranflaerf 
from  the  Dc^adt  FhiUf^hH^utf  one  of  the 
Freuch  Periuiiical  Journals.] 

TN  the  United  States  of  America,  th^ 
*  fciences  may  ftill  be  ftid    to  be  but  in 
their  cradle.    Three   colleges    and    one 
univcrfity,  of  theology,  of  law,  and  phyfic  ; 
five  or  fix  Academical   Societies,  which 
arc  but  in  a  paralyzed  ftatc  ;  a  number  of 
very  afilivc  Private  Societies,    inftituted 
for  the  purpofes  of  commerce,  manufac- 
tures, &c.;  and  a  proportionate  numbci^ 
of  private  fchools  for  the  education  o£ 
youth,    conftitute,  at  prefcnt,   the  only 
fources  of  intelle^al  and  moral  inftruc« 
tion.     Indeed  the  general  charader  of  the 
inhabitants  of  the  An)erican  States,  leads 
them  to  ftudy  rather  the  means  of  aug. 
menting  their  fortunes,  than  to  cultivate 
the  fciences,  and  to  contribute,  propartt 
nfirilif  their  quota  towards  the  progrcis  antl 
diflfemination  of  knowledge.    The  public 
prints,  rf  which  there  is  a  great  variety, 
have  the  fame  tendency  here,  as  in  Eu- 
rope, to  corrupt  the  public  fpirit,*.or  to. 
cloak  the  faults  of  an  inefficient  govern- 
ment, frequently  convulfed  by  ephcmerat 
feftions.     A  long  rcfidence  and  diligent 
obTervatiop  tre  indifpenfibly  xftcefTary  to' 

dcvelope 


AdMtt  rfthe  NmrtS  Amtrickn  Statu. 


[Jan- 


^cTelope  ^  iprtngs  of  it€Hoa.  I  have  pnfcft  to  followy  •«  their  fole  guide,  the 
devoted  confiderable  sttcnnon  ta  thk  fab*  impulfe  of  eomlkitmc,  without  utadting 
jcA,  and  flatter  myfeif  that  I  have  fclcfled    thcnrclves    to    asy  iodtvidwil  focicrv 


a  fond  of  nateriaU  which  will  not  be 
foond  wholly  uointerefting  in  a  commer- 
cial and  political  point  of  view. 

The  laws  in  this  country  breathe  a 
spirit  of  humanity ;  and  the  inhabitants, 
in  general,  cbeir  private  iotcreft  out  of  the 
^uedion,  may  be  faid  to  be  wcll-difpofed. 
An  exception,  however,  muft  be  made 
with  lefpeft  to  the  rich,  overgrown  mer- 
chants, who  remember,  with  regret,  the    .  ^  

era  of  tlie  Briciih  monarchy,  and  entertain    no  doubt  but  he  will  prove  an  ufefiil  acqui 
a  llrong  prediledion  for  titles  and  other    fition  to  his  fociety. 
marks  of  diftindion.    By  far  the  majority 
«re  favourable  to  the  French ;  and  in  the 


Toieratioo  in  America  is  carried  to  an 
extent  ereater  than  even  in  France.  It 
is  but  lately  that  a  Preftyterian  church 
elc^ed  for  their  minifter  a  negro,  from 
Guinea,  a  man  of  exemplary  charader^ 
and  of  no  contemptible  abilities,  who 
acquits  himfcif  with  credit  in  his  Atw 
vocation.  I  have  frequently  fcen  him 
officiate  in  his  robea,  and  have  heard  him 
preach  with  great  fatisfadion ;  and  1  make 


laft  clcdtion  for  a  mayor,  and  other  ma 
giftratcs,  in  Philadelphia,  the  choice  fell 
upon  the  avowed  partizana  of  the  French 
Republic. 

With  rcfpefk  to  religion^  every  denomi- 
nation *ti  tolerated.  This  renders  the 
inhaoitants  tra^lable  and  gentle,  as  no  re- 
ligious eftabiifliment  is  ezcli/nvely  protcdl- 
cd  by  government ;  but,  perhaps,  there  is 
hardly  a  Chrifttan  country  where  lefs 
genuine  piety  is  to  be  met  with.  Young 
people  are  regular  in  their  attendance  at 
church,  becaufe  they  are  well  aware  that, 
without  a  due  regard  to  appearances,  they 


The  po^ulatam  of  the  United  Sratct 
amounts  to  about  five  millions  of  iniia- 
bitants,  ezclufive  of  the  weftem  feult- 
mems,  which  are  well  peopled,  and  con. 
tain,  at  a  moderate  caiculatioo,  i2o,coo 
perfcns.  But  it  muft  be  taken  into  con&. 
deration,  fhat  the  fum  total  of  inhabitants 
doubles  every  fourteen  yean,  as  has  been 
clearly  fubfiantiated  and  afcenained  bjr 
exa6t  official  documents :  this  gives  amori 
rapid  incroafe  than  Franklin  has  ftated. 

AgricuUitre  and  commerce  form,  almoft 
without  exception,  the  principal  empiry- 
ment  of  the  inhabitants :  and  were  it  noi 
that  the  rich  merchants  difcourage,  br 
every  pollible  means,  the    progrefs  and 


could   obtain   no  advantageous  iiiuation,    improvement  of  American  manufa&UTt^, 


form  no  eligible  matrimonial  connections, 
or  eilabliih  themfelve^  with  credit  in  life. 
Men  of  advanced  years  frequent  church 
through  habit,  or  to  obtain  the  conBdcnce 
of  their  refptiftivc  focieties,  and  i'ecure  an 
influence  in  the  dnedtion  of  their  temporal 
concerns.  A  few  pious  fouls  therfc  are, 
who  hav^  no  other  view  in  their  devotion 
than  to  commune  with  the  Supreme,  com- 
fort their  fellow-creatures  under  afflic- 
tions, and  inculcate  the  divine  precepts  of 
morality,  by  anions  and  virtuous  example, 
gather  than  by  idle  ceremony. 

In  this  country  no  tythes  nor  royalties 
arc  paid.  Whilft  fubjeded  to  the  Bntifli 
government,  the  United  Stares  of  Ame- 
rica refufed  lo  admit  the  Catholics  to  any 
public  office  f  but,  (ince  their  emancipa- 
tion from  the  Britiffi  yoke,  this  unjuft  law 
is  aboiilfaed ;  and  men  of  eveiy  perfualion 
are  iodifcriminately  admitted  to  a  panici- 
pation  in  all  the  funflions  of  government. 
Catholics,  of  the  Greek  and  Romiih 
church,  Prelbyterians,  Quakers,  Turks, 
and  Jews,  are  all  equ^iUy  eligible  to  public 
iituations,  and  arc  at  liberty  to  adore  the 
Supreme,  according  to  the  dictates  of  their 
ooofcience.  There  are,  like  wife,  a  num- 
ber of  Si^aratift^  and  Seekers  in  the  colo- 
«iei,  who  belong  to  no  particular  (c^,  but 


m  order  to  monopolize  the  exclufirc 
commerce  wi:h  England,  by  which  they 
accumulate  immenfe  fortunes  in  a  very 
ihort  time,  arts  and  manufactures  would 
be  in  a  highly  flourifliing  ftate.  The 
fmgle  branch  of  ihip-builoing  emplovs,! 
in  this  country,  fcveral  thnufands  of  hand», 
At  this  very  moment,  when  France  p^v^ 
after  the  rate  of  300  livres  per  ton  for  vcf. 
fcls  built  of  whoUdeal,  and  very  nioJera:: 
folidity,  the  American  ihipwr'i^ht  cur.- 
ftru£ts  his  vcflels  of  red  cedar,  or  oak^ 
which  wood  is  of  a  far  fuperior  quality^ 
and  will  laft  double  the  time,  than  M 
timber  made  ufe  of  in  Europe  j  yet,  notj 
withftanding  thefe  advantagea,  and  alJ 
though  the  American  velTels  are  built  upo^ 
a  better  and  more  folid  conftrudtioo,  thej 
may  be  purchafed  at  the  rate  of  i^o-Uvid 
per  ton, completely  finiffied,  and  ready  fa 
iea.  If  the  French  Repi^lic  fliould  a| 
any  time  ftand  in  need  <^f  20,000  ton,  il 
new  veftels,  the  United  States  can  fumiH 
them  at  the  prio;  above  ftated,  which,  il 
time  of  peace,  would  fuftain  a  conHdei 
ab^c  abatement. 

The  annual  ej^fiorisoi  the  United  Staid 
according  to  authentic  documents^  cxcc6 
twenty-fix  millions  of  dollars,  ezclunve  ^ 
what  oat  not  been  entered  at  the  co&um 

Tl 


17^.] 


UllktiSmes.^\lSS>tll  tH^Brfwing, 


H 


The  rpeditodon  in  land  finds  employment 
fv  9  prett  nvfflber  of  adventurers,  fome 
fevr  of  wfaMn  acquire  imrocafe  formoes,  at 
the  etficnce  of  tne  major  part,  who  ruin 
themfd^s. 

I  know  of  no  work,  publifbed  in  Ame- 
nca,  defcrviflg  of  particular  mentioTi,  in 
a  grand  national  poioc  of  view.  Their 
Journals  are  a  chaotic  aficmblage  of  lies, 
where  even  commercial'  advertifemencs 
ere  altered  and  disfigdred.  Some  Aaglo- 
ilmrnean  authors  have  written  cltermed 
inorai  works ;  but  thcfrare  lb  votuminous, 
I'o  dear,  and  fo  little  read,  that  they  ferve 
here,  as  ia  Europe,  to  fuppon  the  pomp 
of  a  library,  which  U  viiitcd  from  a  motive 
of  curiofity,  without  reaping  any  utility 
from  it.  .    ^ 

The  grand  fc^tree  of  the  lichec  of  the 
Americans  refults  from  the  fert?hcy 
of  their  territory,  the  temperature 
of  the  climate,  and  the  cheap  price 
of  land,-  which  holds'  out  an  irrefifti- 
b!e  temptation  to  emigrants  from  other 
coontriei.  The  trafitc  in  land  is  the 
iirft  rthje^  of  attention  with  the  monied 
men,  who  may  pprchafe  acres  by  the 
thoufand,  at  the  ratd  of  three  fols  per  acre. 
This  hmd  they  afterwards  fell  to  fome 
poor  emigrant  for  two  franc s,  who  is  fre- 
quently obliged  to  rclinquiih  his  purchafe, 
for  want  of  hands  and  money  to  cultivate 
it,  and  fells  it  for  twenty  fols  per  acre,  to  a 
new  adventurer, .  before  a  nngle  plough 
has  pafled  over  it.  'Agriculture  is,  not- 
withftanding,  in  general  ellimation  \  but  it 
is  only  in  the  interior  of  the  Unued 
States  that  it  is  purfued  with  proper  adi- 
rity.  The  frontiers  of  this  vaft  empire 
coniift  of  a  mere  aflemblage  of  deferts,  in- 
habited by  jk  few  ftra^lmg,  unfortunate 
ftnatics,  who  fubftft  upon  milk,  potatoes, 
and  Indian  com. 

The  American  mannfit^Trrrs,  although 
difcouraged  bv  commercial  defpjtifm,  arc 
in  a  Rate  of  gradual,  though  but  flow, 
improvement.  Inventiuns,»nd  machines  for 
manufa^ringpurpofes,  arc  daily  brought 
nearer  to  pcrfeAion,  and  it  m»y,  with 
ftri£l  truth,  be  affirmed,  that  Amciica,  in 
thii  refpe^t,  far  furpalTes  Europe.  The 
truth  6i  this  afifertion,  I  hope  to  eftablifli 
by  a  collection  of  defigns,  taken  from 
a^tial  pieces  of  mechanifm,  which  1  have 
in  agitation  to  publifli.  At  the  diftance  of 
about  three  miles  from  Philadelphia,  is  a 
water-mill,  belonging  to  a  Mr.  Johnfon, 
formed  upon  a  very  ingenious  conllruc- 
tion,  which,  with  the  affiltance  of  only 
two  men,  performs  as  much  work  as  could 
be  exectttra  on  the  common  principle  by 
the  united  efforts  of  300  perfons.  Thclc 
M  9MTBLY  Mac.  XXYII. 


machines^  which  lunplify  labopr,  diminilli 
the  ^pence  of  the  commodities^  fave  a 
multitude  of  hands,  and  multiply  the 
manufa^urer*s  '  profits,  are  permanent 
fourccs  of  opulence  and  property.  Frank* 
lin,  Rittennoufe,  and  other  ingenious 
lh~chanics,'  have  enriched  the  American 
States  with  an  incredible  variety  of  uicful 
machines,  of  which  Europe  has  not 
fhe  fmaTltft  idea.  I  have  in  my  poffefHaa 
cxa6l  flans  of  a  great  number  of  th^m. 
*  r  have  frequently  been  in  compan^f 
with.VoLKEY.'  Our  difcourfe  generally 
turntd  upon  the  fubjcft  of  our  travels.  1 
am  at  prefcnt  lodged  in  his  apartments, 
from  wticnce  I  write  this  letter.  He  had 
undertaken  a  journey  to  Carolina  and  fome 
of  the  fettlcmtnts  on  the  Ohio,  t  had 
vifited  this  year  the  northern  diftri6^s  of 
the  United  States,  Long  Ifland,  the  ftates 
of  New  York,  Jerfey,  Conne£licut,  and 
Maryland.  I'have  entered  into  an  agree- 
ment with  VoLNEY  to  vifit  this  fpri^g 
the  fouthcrn  provinces,with  the  weftcrn  fei- 
tlement  5,  having  been  appointed,  in  the  laft 
general  aflVmbly  of  the  Q|}akers  at  Phila- 
delphia,  onp  of  their  deputies  to  vifit  th« 
Indian  natfons,  and  to  eftablilb,  if  poffiblc^ 
fome  handicraft  bufmels  among  tnem,  as 
labourers,  froiths,  carpenters,  &c.  in  hppes 
of  introducing  fome  degree  of  civilrzatign 
among  the  wcftern  tribes,  which  we 
charitably  arc  in  the  habit  of  diftinguifli- 
ing  by  the  appellation  of  faragcs,  though, 
in  fa£t,  they  polTefs  more  humanity  than 
many  civilized  nations.  My  intention  if 
to  vifit  the  Mohawks,  the  Delawares,  the 
Shawanefc,  In  one  word,  to  glean^  amoDf ' 
the  Indian  tribes  and  aborigines  of  NoriE 
Amcric:^,  all  the  moral  and  phyfical  intei- 
ligcnce  which  may  fall  ia  my  way. 

To  the  Editor  of  tbv  Montb^  Magazinef 

SfR, 

tF  it  is  not  making  an  improper  ufe  of 
•■'  your  valuable  Mircellany,and  occupying 
a  place  that  might  be  more  ufcfully  em- 
ployed,-it  wcuid  grcarly  oblige  me,  and,  I 
doubt  not,  add  to  the  coinfort  of  many 
families  in  the  country,  that  brew  their 
own  beer,  if  any  of  your  numerous  cor- 
refpondents  would  anfwer  the  two  follow- 
ing Queries : — In  brewing  ale,  at  what 
d'gree  of  heat,  on  Fahrenheit's  fcale,  ought 
the  water  to  be  when  it  is  let  o£r  into  the 
malh-tub  to  the  malt  ?  Likewifc,  at  what 
dcg-  ee  the  wort  ILould  be,  when  the  yeaA  it 
added  to  excite  fermentation  ?  Thefe  tw« 
points  are  well  known  to  all  public  brewers, 
but  I  have  not  met  with  Hny  creatifeon  brew- 
ing  in  which  they  arc  alcertained,  Com« 
brun  is  become  lo  fcaroe,  I  liavt  not  beea 


E 


4hl« 


■  Mr.  Htti^nmn^t  Tna-  untmud. 


[Jan. 


of  them,  that  which  way  foevcr  the  g^me 
runs,  the  hunters  are  fure  to  find  one  or 
other  of  thefe  rides  pointing  the  fame 
eourfe.  On  fome  eminences  neat  cottages 
are  ere^^ed,  where  the  hunters  may  take 
Ihelter  or  refre&mcnt.  Turf  is  dug  on 
this  foreft  for  fuel,  as  is  the  cafe  on  fome 
other  commons  I  paifed  in  this  day's  jour* 
ney.  The  furface  of  the  counti-y  is,  in 
many  places,  rather  hilly,  and  particu- 
larly the  uncuhivated  parts,  where  the 
ibil  is  naturally  fterile,  and  produces  heath 
and  furze.  The  foil  of  the  uncultivated 
.ground  is  partly  Tandy,  and  partly  loajpy, 

*  and  in  feme  (ball  tracts  clay  predomi- 
•nates :  the  fmail  ftones,  or  pebbles,  are 

-flint.  Before  I  entered  VVindfor  park, 
I  obfcrved,  for  the  £rft  time  fincc  I  left 
.Nottingham flxire,  a  range  of  rocks  pro- 
jc^iog  a  little  above  the  furface  of  a  bar- 
fen  cr)aimon  ;  the  done  is  hard,  and  of  a 
whitifli  colour,  and,  I  fuppofe,  not  fit  for 
the  purpofes  of  building.  From  Wal- 
ton I  followed  the  courCe  of  the  Thames 
for  fcvcral  miles,  which  was  extremely 
pitafanr,  and  pafTcd  fcveral  neat  houfes 
an^  villages:  amone  the  latter,  Brack- 
nell, in  my.opimona  took  the  lead. 
This  is  very  much  a  corn  country,  how- 
ever I  did  not,  in  general,  obferve  very 
weighty  crows.    The  people  were  bufy 


carried  on  here,  but  this  does  not  feern 
to  increafe  either  the  riches  or  number  of 
the  inhabitants  much  ;  it  is  chiefly  built 
with  brick  and  tile,  and  the  houfes  art 
good,  but  roan)r  of  the  ftreets  too  narrow. 
Streatley  is  a  farming  village  on  the 
fouth  fide  of  the  Thames,  which,  in  tbt 
winter,  often  overfiowg  its  banks  djcre, 
and  does  confiderable  damage. 

July  14,  went  from  Streatley  to 
Wallingford,  Berks,  5  milis.— I 
continue  to  follow  the  eourfe  of  the 
Thames  towards  its  fource :  the  road  and 
country  here  extremely  pleafant.  Soil 
is  joamy,  and  fertile  in  the  produ6Hon  of 
com,  a  great  deal  of  common  fields  alfo 
appear,  but  the  crops  of  wheat  and  biir- 
ley  thereon  rather  light.  I  have  obfcrved, 
for  feveral  days  paft,  that  almoft  every 
hedge  is  covered  with  a  fort  of  plant 
very  much  rcfetr.bling  the  hop  plant;  it 
grows  up  aroongft  c^e  thorns  luxuriantly, 
and  h^i.  a  fort  of  long-bearded  grey,  or 
white  flower  :  the  country  people  call  it 
honefty,  or  the  old  man's  beard.  Wal- 
.i.iNGFORX)  ,18  a  verj;  ancient  town^ 
buildings  of  brick  and  tile,  but  low,  and 
bear  the  marks  of  antiquity  :  moft  of 
the  inhabitants  are  petty  tradcfmen. 
Farms  in  this  neighbourhood  are  pretty 
large,  one  of  which  is  rented  for  abcut 


JBowing  grafs,  getting  hay,  and  bringing    fcool.  a  year ;  on  that  farm  is  ab  old  barn, 
'  ^ome  their  fuel  from  the  neighbouring    faid  to  be  the  largefl.  in  England  ;  it  is 


iieaths ;  they  ftack  (he  latter  in  the 
form  of  fmall  houfes,  as  is  the  tuilom  in 
Cumberland,  and  other  northern  coun- 
ties. In  this  diftrift  I  did  not  notice 
much  woodland,  except  Wintlfor  park; 
"but  a  number  cf  trees  grow  on  hedges, 
particularly  elm. 

July  23,  I  went  from  Reading  to 
Streatley,  m  Berkb,  n  miles.  'The 
road  leads  pleafantly  along  the  fide  of  the 
Thames;  the  banks  are  high,  and  the 
ehalky  cliffs  ftrike  the  eve  with  a  foow. 
like  appearance,  but  in  (ome  places  they 
are  covered    with  wood       The   foil  is 

-  chalky,  and  not  moch  of  it  remarkable 
for  fertility  :  corn  is  the  principal  de- 
pendance  of  the  farmer.  The  juniper 
•ufii  erows  fpontaneouffy  in  the  lanes: 
it  is  often  a  crherion  of  poor  foil.  Sheep 
are  froall.  The  feat  of  Sir  Francis 
5ykes  ftands  on  a  rifing  ground  on  the 
left.  The  fjrfacc  of  this  diftri£t  con- 
tains  feveral  high  grounds,  and  very  cx- 
tcnfive  commons,  called  Downs,  which 
arc  covered  with  a  gctti  fward,  and  fup- 
port  a  fmall  breed  of  fheep.     ReAdivg 

.  is  a  pretty  large  and  populous  town,  and 

.  a  thoroughfare  towards  Wales  and  Ire- 
land.   Small  manufactures  of  fail-cloth, 

lack-cioth,  gauze,  ribbons,  and  pins,  are 


loi  yards  in  length,  and  18  ia  width, 
and  was  the  repofitory  f«ir  the 'abbot  of 
Reading's  tythcs,  who  refidtd  here  in 
fummcr. 

July  26, 1  wentfromWALLi.VGFORD 
to  Oxford,  12  miles.  The  foil  a  fine 
loamy  clay,  and  in  fome  pans  a  gravtlW, 
or  fandy  loam.  Crops  of  wheat,  barley, 
tmd  oats,  the  heavieft  1  ever  faw;  the 
furface  level,  but  fome  rifing  grounds  ap- 
pear at  a  dillance:  fields  are  large  and 
beautiful  where  inclofed,  but  (tycr^  traft\ 
of  Common-field  continue  to  call  aloud  for 
inclofing.  Sheep  are  hurdled  on  follows, 
and  fomctimes  fed  with  green  clover 
thereon  ;  bells  are  hung  about  th«  neck^ 
of  feveral  flieep  in  every  flock ;  the  reafoa 
afligned  for  fo  doing  is,  that  if  the  f\cck 
ihfuld  ftray,  they  are  eafilv  found  by  the 
tinkling  of  the  bells:  I  have  alfo'fecn 
them  tied  to  the  necks  of  cows,  prob&bly 
for  the  fame  purpofe :  but  why  two  or 
tbree  bells  (hoold  be  hung  to  each  horfc 
in  a  cart,  or  waggon,  I  am  at  a  lofs  to 
c«nje£ture.  I  did  not  obferve  any  flint 
ftones  in  this  diftr?^.  Berkfliire  is  noted 
for  producing  much  com  ;  it,  however, 
contains  great  quantities  of  common  aoJ 
downs,  wholly  uncultivated,  and  feveral 
tra6b  of  poor  foil.    It  is   pretty   wc/l 

watered^ 


m^) 


Mr.  H<mfiiim*fTour  cnn'muti,. 


37 


vvitered,  rather,  an    open    country   than 
otherwifc,  and  fomcvvhat   hilly  :    farm* 
arc  generally  worth  lool.  to  300I.  a  year. 
Oxford  ftands  on  a  plain,  in  a  fine  fer- 
tile country;    its    numerous    churches, 
colleges,  and  other  fine  buildings*  which 
ovcnop  ihcctt)r,  give  it  a  magnificent  ap- 
pearance,  at  a  little  diftance.    It  contains 
rhirteen  parifli  churches ;  and,  if  I  miftakc 
not,  eighteen  colleges,  is  built  with  pqlifh- 
ed  ftone,  of  a  whitilh  colqur ;  the  houfes 
anJ  other  buildings  arc  tall  and  elegant, 
and  the  ftrctts  wide,  and  neatly  paved, 
in  Ihort,  Oxford  is,  in  my  opinion,  the 
moft  pleafant  anxl  handfome  town  I  havfc 
fcea  :  it  is  the  firft  town  generally  built 
with  ftone,  which  I  hare  oblcrvcd  fmcc  I 
!tft  Yorklhirc.     T\\\%  ;:ity  is  almoft  fur- 
r  unded  with  little  lUcams  of  pure  water, 
v^Kxch  cunrnia  a  j^rc^t  deal  of  fifli.     Tbefe 
fireams  unite,    and    form  a' pretty   large 
river,  wiiich,  after  watering  a  range  of 
dcighrful  mcadv)ws,  fills  into  the.  Thames. 
CxfORD  is  chiefly  fupported  by  the  coU 
J.^ev :  the  grc-t  number  of  ftudenrs,  moft 
:.i  whom  art  the   Ions  of  noblemen  and 
j^.:»ilemen    of    fortune  who  rtfidc   here, 
ciaOor.s  a  great  demand,  not  only  for  the 
'ccttTarieb  but  luxuries  of  life  :  its  popu- 
ijti'.fn  djcs  not  appear  to  increafe. 

Ju/y  JO,   OXFOUD    to  DODDIXGTON, 

in  OxforJflilre,  15  miles.  An  open,  and 
DH  very  fertile,  country  :  the  foil  rather 
heavy,  and  h'^s  generally  an  under  ftratum 
of  whitilh  frceftone  rock,  which,  in  fome 
pucet,  rifes  very  near  the  furface.  In 
tuii  diilrift  I  oblerved  fome  common,  and 
a  great  deal  of  common-fields :  the  furface, 
in  gcocraJ,  is  pretty  level,  but  fome  little 
prominencies  are  to  be  fccn.  Roads,  in 
ilhs  country,  are  neither  good  nor  eafy, 
bciny  made  with  the  foft  white  ftone, 
which  is  cafily  procured :  thefe  ftoncs  are 
Ircke  upon  the  roads  as  in  many  of 
the  northern  counties.  Doddington 
ftands  oa  a  cifing  ground,  and  is  a  pretty 
firming  village. 

July  31,  DoDpiNCTON  to  Banbury, 
:n  OxfoT^Ihire,  4  miles.  Road  made  with 
frctftoue,  broken  into  fmall  bits:  that 
ftcne  is  very  remarkable,  from  the  great 
number  and  variety  of  petrified  ILclls  in 
its  cpmpcfition.  I  picked  up  feveral, 
which  were  quite,  entire,  and  had  been 
completely  incorporated  with  the  ftonet 
wUich  furrounded  them;  their  fubftancc 
alfo  partook  of  that  of  the  ftone,  but  the 
fiapc  and  colour  oi  ttie  ftieils  continue  as 
before  their  pctrifa^ion.  The  caufcs  of 
thtfw  furprifing  cffc<Sts  I  leave  to  the  in- 
,  vcftigation  of  naturalifts.  The  foil  rather 
*  heavy  ^  and  roads,  partUulArly  towards 


BakburT)  arc    bad.     Wheat,  barley, 
and   bennst  are  much    cuhivated    here. 
Cattle  are  heavier  than  in  fome  diftri^s  I 
have  lately  palTed.  and  the  cows  arc  re- 
markable for  the  thicknefs  of  their  necks, 
a  quality  which  is  np  indication  of  milk  \ 
but  the  farmers  (isem  to  pay  little  regard 
to  that  very  whol&fome  and  nutritive  arti- 
cle of  human  food,  which  they  give  to' the 
pigs  rather    than  £cll    to  the  poor  and 
labouring  claftes  of  ^people.     Sheep  are, 
white- faced  and  legged,  and  want  horns^ 
Banbury  is  a  fmall  and  ancient  market 
town :   many  of  its  buildings  are  poor, 
and  the  ftrcets  the  worft  I  ever  faw,  being 
moftly  unpaved  and  dirty  in  the  extreme. 
A  very  fine  new  church  is  now  building 
in   Banhury  i  but  is  not  likely  to  be 
Ihortiy  riniilicdj'as  the  txpence  is  found 
to  exceed  the  firft  eftimation  fo  confidera- 
bly,  that  money  cannot  yet  be  raifed  fuffi- 
cicnt  to  complete  the  fabric,  Banbury 
manufa6lures  worftcd  and  hair  ihagg,  but 
not  in  great  quantities.     Oxfordihire  pro* 
duces  much  corn,  contains  a  great  deal 
of  open  fit  Id,  and  fome  commons  :    foil 
generally  ftrong,  furface  nthcr  irregular  j 
a  confiderable  number  of  trees  are  ften, 
but  the  country  not  very  woody.     Two, 
three,  or  four  horf^s  diaw  one  cart,  and 
tinkle  nlong  the  road  with  their  bells  in  a 
whimfical  manner  :  three  or  four  of  thd'e 
animals  are  alio  yoked  to  a  plough  \  they 
are  genet  ally   heavy  and    ftrong.     Tliis 
county  is  pretty  well  watered,  and  enjoys 
a  plcafant  air,  but  is  not  remarkable  tor 
the  gjodncfs  of  its  roads.      JMoft  of  the 
buildings  arc  of  ftone.     Farms  are  of  va- 
rious (i/cs,  but  there  arc  a  great  number 
«f  iiiiall  onCs. 

Aui;uft  2,  Banbury  to  Southam, 
in  Warwick  Ihire,  13  mJles.  Road  very 
bad,  it  is  made  with  broken  ftones.  Jn 
this  diftri^t,  there  is  much  land  ia  pafiurt, 
fome  of  which  fecms  to  have  been  efcd  for 
that  purpofc  at  leaft  100  years,  and .  is 
now  almoft  covered  over  with  lull&ck«?, 
like  ant  hills,  for  want  of  cultivation.  This 
manner  of  dtrpofing  of  lands-  is  equally 
pernicious  and  linproficable  with  common- 
fields,  but  from  contrary  causes.  The  old 
paftures  are  employed  in  fattening  bul- 
locks, and  It  is  f^id  the  land-owners  are 
injudicious  enough  not  allow  their  far- 
mers the  ul'e  of  the  plough  thereoi. 
Farms  and  licUis  fecm  large  :  the  foil  of 
this  diftridl  is  generally  heavy,  and  fur- 
face pretty  level  :  from  the  great  number 
of  tree;  on  hedges,  the  rountty  has  a 
woody  appearance,  I  have  noticed  herj, 
as  well  as  in  moft  of  tliofe  fouthern  cou^- 
.tics,.  that  very,  few  potat^c^  a/c  ^<^vvn, 

and 


iMK  HuifMHt»*$  fkw  ttatimui. 


[M 


an4  that  the  laboaring  claflcfl  are  little 
acquainnted  with  their  ufe.  potatoes  are 
xonfidercd  as  a  poor,  weak»  aiui  unfub- 
ftantial  food,  and  not  fufficient  to  fonn 
the  priikcipal  part  of  a  meat.     This  it  a 

Seat  tniftake  ;  that  fort  tff  food  muft  be' 
lowed  by  all  to  be  eatrcmely  cheep,  and 
that  it  it  alfo  notritivey  is  witoeHcd  by 
thoufaoda  in  the  nonh  of  England  and  in 
Ireland,  who  make  pvtatnet  a  prcat  part  of 
their  food,  and  notwithftandtng  work  as 
Well,  iook  as  wcllf  and  are  equially 
happy  and  cn6tent  .  as  chofe  %vith 
rnore  delicate  palates  m  the  fouth  of 
England,  and,  I  believe,  more  To.  How. 
ever,  I  am  told,  every  where  that  there 
has  been  double  the  quantity,  at  lead,  fet 
this  year  than  in  former  years,  and  that 
the  idea  was  fugirefted  principally  by  the 
recotnmendattonsof  the  Board  of  AgncoU 
tare,  whieh  is  one  good  effc6t  of  that  ex- 
cellent inftitution.  Southam  is  a  fmail 
market  town,  containing  730  inhabitants, 
who  are  farmers,  labourers,  and  tradef- 
mcn.  Farms  in  that  neighbourhood  are 
worth  from  20I.  to  300I.  a  year,  but  gene- 
rally from  30I.  to  50I. :  average  rent  about 
ti.  an  acre.' 

Aueuft  4,  I  went  from  Southam  to 
Coventry,  in  Warwickihirc,  13  miles. 
Road  very*bad  moft  of  the  way;  the  foil 
is  clay  I'll  within  a  few  miles  of  Covek- 
TRY,.  where  a  iightiih  fandy  loam  pre- 
vails ;'  and  the  road  there  is  alio  better. 
This  diftrift  refcmbied  the  laft  I  paffid, 
except  nearCovEKTRY,whcrc  the  afpcft 
of  the  country  is  more  picafant.  Corn  is 
there  in  great  fonvardncf*!,  I  obferved  a 
fieU^  of  oats  cut  for  the  firft  time  this 
feafon,  and  fome  barley  will  W-  ready  for 
the  fcythc  in  a  few  days.  The  country 
round  CovkWLRY  is  rather  open,  dry, 
and  extremely  pleafant,  while  the  city  is 
the  mofi  dirty  and  difagrceaolc  1  have 
fecn  ;  which  is  occalioned  by  the  extreme 
nanovvncfs  of  the  ftreets,  and  high  old 
hoofcs  with  proje6Hng  fronts.  Its  popu- 
lation is  eftimaicd  at  13,000  inhabitants. 
Coventry  contains  three  parifli 
churches,  one  of  which  (St.  Michaels) 
has  a  fpire  303  feet  high.  Coals  are 
brought  in  here  by  means  of  a  carvel,  and 
ibid  at  prcfent  for'Sd.  per  cwt.  The  ftaple 
inanufadure  of  this  city  is  weaving  lib- 
tK>ns,  a  grrat  deal  of  which  is  done  by 
women ;  which  they  perform  fo  quickly, 
that  they  ufually  weave  about  nine  yards 
for  If*  Farms  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Cov^MTRT  let  for  15!.  to  sool.  a  year, 
W  geoeraliy  about  isol. :  average  rent 
tf  land  301.  or  3  5s..  per  acre. 

Augtlft  7>  C^Y^NTRY  to  BiRMINa. 


RAM,  IB  Warwickfliire»  tS  miles.  Htit 
I  found  pretty  good  roads  made  widi 
graveli  the  foil  various,  fometimcs  gra- 
velly, fomctimes  a  htiAf\x3$pf  and  fomc- 
times  clayey.  The  farms  feem  rather 
fmall  in  this  diftri6L-  The  Warwick- 
Aire  cattle  refemble  thofe  of  Lancaihire ; 
the  flieep  are  a  fliorf  white-faced  breed, 
want  homi:,  and  continue  to  wear  belli 
about  their  necks.  1  faw  fame  doufali 
plows,  fomewhat  fimilar  to  thofe  nfcd  by 
Mr.  Ducket  of  E(bcr  Park.  I  do  not 
recolleft  feeing  a  finale  plow  drawn  by  a 

rir  of  horfcs  nncc  I  left  Suffolk,  at  which 
am  very  much  furprifed  ;  neither  is  a 
fingle  borfc-cart  for  the  purpofcs  of  huf- 
bandry  to  be  met  with.     In  this  dayS 
journey   I  obferved    fome  fine  red  and 
white    free- done    quarries  dofe  by  tht 
road,  exactly  like   ihofe  in  Cumberland, 
the  firft  inftance  of  the  fort  I  have  fccn 
fince    I    left    the  North.     Buildings  a-l 
along  are  very   good,   and   generally  of 
Hone.    The    furface  of  the- country  is 
pretry  Irvel  in  general,  rather  open  than 
orherwjfc,  and  contains  a  regular  mixtuie 
of  corn  and  grafs  land-     Rirmingb.im 
einits  a  cUud  of  fmoke,  which  is  feen  ai  a 
diftance   before  the  town  is    difcovered, 
which  at  laft  prcfcnts  itfelf  in  rather  a 
grim  afpc6>  \   .hut  the  buildings  have  a 
noble  and  modern  figure,  and  the  whole 
has  the  appearance  of  a  great  magnitude. 
The  road  croffLS  a  canal,  not  yet  hniihcd,    1 
a  little  before  it  enters  the  town.     Afcer 
having  fccn  theprincipal  parts ©f  this  ••great    ' 
toy -(hop  of  Europe"  I  am   ftruck   with 
the  increafed  demand  for  bauble^;  which 
orcafions  a  great  influx  of  wealth  and  of 
inhabitants ;  the  cmfcqucnces  of    which 
are,  a  rapid  increafe  of  elegant  ftreets  and 
building!*,   as   well    as  vice,  immovaliiy, 
luxury,  and,  partially,  a  moft  abjc^  po- 
verty.    At  preCcnt  every  thing  is    in  a 
dead  ftate,  owing  to  the  uar,  except  muf- 
keis,  bayonets,  ic    The.  waeea  of  ma- 
nufacturers are  extravagantly  nigh  when 
they  have  employ,  but  of  which   the  nu- 
merous inn*keepers  or  ale-fellers  reap  the 
priiKipal  advantage,  while  the  manufac- 
turer too  often  rums  his  health,  bis  mo- 
rals, and  his  family  thereby,  and  is  fome- 
timcs led  to  the  ntoft  defperate  a^-   Such 
are  the  elfe^is  of  drawing  together  a  great 
body  of  men  without  education  or  princi- 
ples, and  which  I  have  uniformly  found 
to  be  the  cafe,  more  or  lefs,  in  all  large 
maaufa^Sluring  towns.    Buttons,  btKklcs» 
&c,  are  the  ftaple  manufii^hires  of  this 
town,  with  which  articles  it  fupplies  moft 
part  of  Europe  I  guts,  pilots,  fwords^ 
bajooctsy  and  fucb-  like  weapons  of  of« 
4  f coce» 


I79'^l 


Mr.  Hnufmaffs  T&ur  iwtinuei* 


fence,  are  alfo  made  here  in  great  num* 
ber*.    Moft  part  of  the  town  «f  BiR- 
KrvGHAM  is  quite  modern,  and  its  po- 
pulation is  faid  to  be  now  near  70,000  in- 
bhitantt.    Were  that  numerous  aifembly 
of  people  employed  in  cultivating  the  wafte 
lafiils  in  the  kingdom,  they  would  render 
a  much  more  eSeotial  fervice  to  the  pub- 
lic in   return  for  their   fupporr.    This 
town  ftands  in  a  fine,  open,  and  very  plea- 
&nt  (icQition,  and  the  oowirry  around  it 
is  cheerful :  a  canal,  which  communicates 
*fith  different    parts    of   the     countrv> 
comes  up  to  it.    The  ftrcets  are  moftly 
uniform,  pretty  wide  and  clean,  but  not 
oniverfally  fa  Coals  are  cheap  and  plentiful 
here,  which  is  very  favourable  to  the  ma* 
Bufadurer.   New  buildings,  and  even  new 
ftrcets,  are  rifing   on  aimoft  every  fide 
Df  the  town«     An  idea  may  be  fvund  of 
the  progreffive    increafe    of  inhabitamt 
fron  the  number  of  births  and  burials  at 
different  periods :  in  the  year  1555  there 
^»''e^e  37  Mrchs  and  27  burials;  in  1690 
there  were  117  biahs  and  150  burials; 
and  in  1791  there  were  no  fewer  than 
3,310  birtbfi  and  3,x8o  funerals. 

Auguft  II,  I  went  from  Birmingham 
toWoLVERHAMrroN,  in  StafFord(htre» 

14  miles.  The  country  extremely  popu- 
lotji,  large  villages  filled  with  manufac- 
turen  <?  guns,  piftoU,  locks,  buttons, 
buckles,  nails,  &c.  wages  are  ve^  high, 
erea  the  women  in  thefe  manufa^res 
eimconfiderably  by  filing.  The  war  is  ufe- 
ful  to  moft  of  thefe  bufincffes.  The  build- 
iogi  in  this  diftrift  arc  ^ood,  made  with 
brick  and  tile,  but  look  dirty  and  black,  as 
do  the  iahabirants,  which  is  probably  the 
confequence  of  their  employ  ;  the  furface 

15  gcDCrally  level,  the  afpciSt  of  the  coun- 
try pleaiant,  rather  open,  but  it  is  far 
frjoi  being  deftitute  of  wood.  The  foil 
■.^rious,  but  chiefly  clay  with  a  mixture 
of  faad,  and  in  feveral  part"*  rather  bar- 
ren; but  ic  abundantly  compenfates  for 
rhit  defed  by  alK>rding  plenty  of  fine 
oials,  which  are  got  clofe  by  the  road. 
This  is  the  firft  coal  county  i  have  met 
Ince  I  left  the  North.  In  travelling  on 
this  road,  I  was  furprifed  to  fee  a  number 
of  fmali  fires  burning  in  a  field  of  oats  \ 
on  cn<}uiry  I  was  told,  that  the  field  con- 
rained  feveral  old  coal-pits,  which,  by 
fume  meai|s  or  other,  were  fet  on  fire, 
and  cooid  not  be  extinguilhed.  Here 
arc  feveral  large  works  for  forging  iron, 
^hich  belong  to  Mr.Wllkinfon,  of  Cafilc- 
kead,  in  LancaOiire.  Warwick  (hire  is 
much  noted  for  iron  and  ftcel  manufac* 
(ufc^  but  1  did  noi  obferve  any  fuperio* 


39 


rity  in  its  agriculttRid  department:  it 
contains  feveral  elegant  feats  of  noblemen 
and  gentlemen,jpark&,  and  tradtt  of  wood- 
land; its  air  is  pure,  water  generally 
plentiful,  and  buildings  good.  The  farms  ' 
are  of  all  fizcs,  but  more  land  in  (mall  than 
in  large  ones.  The  furface  of  the  country 
pretty  level,  with  here  and  there  a*  little 
elevation  :  foil  contains  much  clay,  bat 
not,  in  geilcral,  of  thie  moft  fertile  nature, 
and  it  need  not  be  repeated  that  it  pronucea 
free-ftone  and  coal.  \VoLVERHA^T?- 
TOK  is  a  large  tnamifa^taring  town,  and 
is  fuppofed  to  contain  near  20,000  iaha» 
bitants:  its  manufactures  are  chiefly  the 
heavier  Tons  of  hardwares,  fuch  9^  Mc% 
gridirons,  trowels,  fmoothing  irons,  lodes, 
&c*  there  are  alfo  fome  manufafibures  of 
fpe&icle  cafes.  The  fireets  of  this  tow^ 
are  very  narrow  and  dirty,  but  many  of 
the  houfes  ar6  pretty  good,  and  the  fvr- 
rounding  country  is  plca&at.  A  canal 
comes  up  to  tfatt  town.  It  is  very  tt- 
markabie  that  in  thefe  (bathem  counties 
the  poor  and  labouring  clafles  of  people 
have  a  great  hatred  to  canals :  thele  canala* . 
Uy  they,  are  the^ruin  of  the  coantrv; 
the  farmers  by  tl\eir  means  can  fend  oie 
conii  and  other  prududions  of  their  farms, 
where  they  pleafe,  at  a  triBing  c»eneoi 
and  thereby  keep  up  tha- prltvr;- feveral 
refpe£table  tradcfmen  alfo  ehtertain  the 
fame  fentiments,  and  further  add,  that 
canals  fpoil  and  deftroy  much  gik)d  iand^ 
Thefe  people  view  the  fubjcA  With  a  mi- 
crofcoptc  eye  ;  for  did  they  confider  the 
.  effeCb  of  canals  with  refpedfc  to  the  king- 
dom in  general,  they  would  fee  that 
whatever  contributes  towards  leflening 
labour,  reducing  the  number  of  horfes^ 
and  facilitating  the  conveyance  of  ditferT 
ent  articles  from  places  where  Uiey  are 
lefs  wanted  to  other  parts  where  they 
are  more  wanted,  at  a  Imall  expeoce,  is  a 
great  national  gain  and  convenience.  It 
thele  navigations  are  occafionafly  abufed  . 
in  conveying  com  more  Ihugly  out  of  tb^ 
kingdom  when  wanted  at  home,  the  fault 
is  not  in  the  canals,  but  in  the  criminal 
negligence  of  the  ofHcers  who  are  ap- 
pointed to  fuperintend  the  exportatk>n 
bufinefs.  I  took  a  walk  one  pUafant 
evening  into  a  field  near  Wolverfaamp* 
ton,  and  looking  to  lhe,N.  W.  faw  a 
mountain  at  a  diftance,  and  afterwards  tw(^ 
or  three  ipore;  thefe  I  underftand  were 
the  Shropfliire  hills,  and  were  the  firft 
eminences  I  had  fcen,  that  could  be  called 
mountains,  Unce  I  left  Torklbire  and  Dtr- 
byfliire. 

(To  ^ecMthtuedJ 

ORIGINAL 


ORIGINAL    POETRY- 


"     EIXGV  ON  SPRING. 

Df-LIGHTFULlpn.g,  I  tafte  thy  balmy 

•  Prcgn.int  with  life,   my  fadden'd  foul  ihey 

chear, 
Crtation  fmiks,  ihc  woods,  the  hills,  the  vales, 
Hail  the  pure  morning  of  the  ncw-bjm  yeir.- 
£»pan<lt  ye  giovcs,  your  renovated  bloum; 

Warble,  yc  (^reapisi  ye  fwelling  buds  unfold ; 
Waft  all  rhc  pleuty  of  your  rich  perfume ; 
Andwavcy  ye  floret»^  wave  your  leaves  of 
gold. 
Itapt  in  the  maze  of  natare*i  boundlefs  charms, 

J  gate  ifllatiate,  wonder,  and  admire; 
Ahf  how  they  footh  th'  iropaflionM  hearts 
alarms, 
And  waketo  tranfports  (bort  the  woe-Amck 
lyre! 
But  ibon  the  profpea  blackent  on  the  view, 

Thefefcenes  of  beauty,  man,  infenfate,  man^ 
Cloaths  fmiliog  nature  with  a  mournful  hue, 
Bhfts  all  her  bloomSi  and  with  her  mufic 
jars. 
O  might  the  mora!  fpring  but  once  evolve 

It's  inftnt  bloffoms  'mid  the  noontide  blaxe. 
Barbaric  paffion*s  low'ring  roifts  d«flb!ve, 
While  dawn'd  pure  rearoo  with  feictierrays! 
•  O  fix}}  to  think  it  I  winter,  bleak  and  foul, 
•    There  broods  erenial,  hope  creates  in  vain 
Fantaftic  forms,  which  clxcar  the  chi  ated  foul, 

poor  air-bttilt  fabrics  of  the  poet's  brain. 
PcCy  life  and  hcalt!»  er.liven  all  around, 

O'er  lawns  and  woods,the  eye  delightcdrovesj 
While  pour  aa-  artlef^  h:urmony  of  found 
Flo'.ks  (torn  the  fields  and  warblers  from  the 
groves. 
Xaxuriant  verdure  here  adorns  the  plain, 

There  the  ncy  faltoMs,  andtl.c  toiling  team, 
Tlw  farms  neat  ntanfton,  and  the  village  fane, 
Whofe  mofs-c!ad  tower  ri-flea&  the  fular 
gleam. 
%m  ah !    while  nature  pours  th'  enlivening 
breath. 
Faints  her  fair  forms,  and  fpreads  her  trca^ 
furci  here  y 
#'cr  oth'T  Oioits  black  fM-ct-ps  the  cloud-of 
death, 
Glart^  the  r<d  feulchion  and  the  murihcrous 
fpear. 
Iv'n  n^w  perhaps  embattled  armici  mcr-t, 
Loud- heat  the  drums,  and  thuudcihig  can- 
non roar, 
Hocks  the  dire  field  beneath  unnumber'd  feet. 
And   terror  waves  .het  locks  bcdropt  wiih 
gores 
Thro»i:K  duft,  in  whirlwinds  driven,  inconftart 
feen, 
ThicU  flafli  the  fwo'df,  the  frequent  vi<5lim 

falls 
Wl.jle  o'ej-  Uii  mangled  trunk  and  gliaftly  mien, 
Hofl^  trampling  rulh,   where  waniac  fury 
ea-iVs. 
Sav.  f'Ul'.rr,  fay,  s;riiij  fpc<J\acle  of  pain, 

Whir  lyren  lut'd  thee  fiom  Ir.y   peaceful 
hupe, 


To  leave  thy  poor,  thy  fmall  doircftif  tra'n, 

For  tuils  of  arms  o'er  .billowy  deeps  toioara } 
No  beams  t'f  glory  chear thy  liaphfs  lot, 

Thy  name  defccnls  n^it  ro  a  future  age, 
Itnp-11'd  ro  combat  for  thou  kn»>w*ft  not  what, 

And  iir^'d  to  flaughter  by  another's  rage. 
Thy  widow'd  wife,  thine o-phan  cltildrcnuctp, 

And  lieg  their  fcanty  meal  from  door  lod  or. 
While, gafli'd  with  wound  -.,  t  l.y  1  mb!»  dtfliooui '4 
ileep, 

And  wafte  and  mo'^Jec  on  a  forcgn  Ihore. 
In  vain,  alas,  we  boaft  of  civil  wen  th, 

And  vaun*^  of  virtue,  in  religion's  robe. 
If  calm  we  view  ambition  ilTuing  f«rth» 

Her  brood  offcorpions  to  infeftthe  globe : 
The  bonds  of  nature  we  afunderpart, 

Led  by  the  blaze  of  paflions  faoguine  ftar, 
Peace  on  the  lips,  and  murder  in  the  heart. 

To  favage,  fell,  accurfi,  infernal  war* 
Hark!  a  glad  found  my  wandering  thoughts 
recalls. 

The  diftant  (hcep-bell  fills  the  quivering 
breeze, 
Th?  (hade,  flow-deep'ning,  o^r  the  Inndfcape 
falls. 

And  veil'd  in  mifts  the  dim  horizon  flees. 
As  the  poor  (hepherd  folds  his  fleecy  care, 

Loud  chaunts  the  nightingale  his  evening  lay} 
Sing  on,  fweet  warbler,  homeward  I  repair, 

Warn'd  by  thy  sequiem  to  the  ck>6ng  day. 
SYDNEY. 

Of  the  above  cUgf ,  the  three  6rft  ftanzas 
are  fet  to  mufic  by  Mr.  Wheeler,  and  the 
rz,  13,  14,  by  the  Rev.— Rict»roond,  of 
Trin.  Col.  which  will  appear  in  the  nex? 
publication  of  the  Cambridge  Harmooic 
Society. 

—    m  . 

SONNET. 
COFT  through  the  woodland  fjghs  the  furo- 
*^     mer  gilc, 

With  many  a  hue  the  verdant landfcapc  glows; 
And  breathing  fwccts  along  the  ccltui'd  vale. 

Steals  the  frifh  fragrjjncc  of  th»*blufliing  lof*. 
The  roaring  b»11ov  s  of  tl.c  fl<jrmy  dct-p, 

Huih'd  to  repofe,  their  holVile  rage  forbear ; 
And  the  low  winds  on  the  calm  furfaLC  flecp, 

Cooling  the  a»dyr  of  the  ttpi'l  air. 
No  fymroer  fcencs,  alas,  no  vermil  b?Qom, 

Sojth  the  fick  loul,  by  every  ill  opprcG*d« 
To  wander  cheerlefs   through  the    midnijjhl 
gboro, 

To  brave  the  terrors  of  the  wintry  blaiT, 
(Whofc  fvvclling  gull :  ideal  wotS  impart,) 

Are  fc.  lies  more  fitted — Vora  brokvn  hv;^r^, 
Edinburgh.  AUqUSTA 

CONNAL. 

A.V  ELEGY     FROM     A     (?AELIC     FRACMEWT, 
BY    MR.    C -Y. 

AUTUMN  has  now  a(fum*d  her  fading rergn, 
And  the  grey  mifts  upon  the  Wlb  remaini 
On  the  wide  htath-  rhc  rapid  whirlwind  njars, 
Daik  ihrbuiU  ihc  narrow  plain  the  tcrrent  p<ur>; 

Th«r, 


1798.1 


Qf^inal  PMry; 


4» 


Then  while  its  famchet  whtftle  ai  tliey  wave» 

That  rree»  O  Cooivall  marks  thy  lonely  giave  : 

Oo  ihe  bkak  hill  when  wild  winds  howl  around, 

It  ibevi  its  green  leaves  o'er  thy  hallowM 
ground. 

There  if  the  folirary  lutoter  goy 

In  filent  muftng  OKlaDcholy«  floW| 

Whea  the  dim  cwilight  fpreads  its  veil  ferene,  . 

The  lhr>irded  fpe^res  fta'k  along  the  green. 

Through  rolling  ages  who  thy  fires  can  trase, 

And  who  recjunt  the  fathcrj  of  thy  race  ?  a«^  f«™.»;«.V  '  ud'^r"^'-  '"'^  \     . 

See  the  tali  oak  from  yonder  mountain  nfe,        ^tlZT^l^     ^  ^'"r  I***!  ^^^ft 

A«i  lift  its  loafy  banners  to  the  ikies  j  ^''"'*  ^Z:lt    ^  "**"°^  "^  ^  ^^'^r 

The  lurid  lightening  with  tremendous  glare, 

Scitters  its  ritted  banners  in  the  air ! 

Thus,  Conoal  I  did  rhy  family  excel, 

They  rofe,  they  Bourifh'd,  and  in  thee  they  fell. 

Mourn  jii  chy  wars,  O'Fingal !  'midft  the  flain 

Htfte  Co.inal  preis'd    the   blood  -  enamelled 

pUm; 
Here  was  the  dia  of  armsj  and  ftainM  with 


SONNET 

To   THE    OWt. 

J  WOO  thee,  cheerleis  mehncholy  bird| 
*     Soothing  to  me  is  thy  funereal  ciy. 
Here  build  thy  lonely  neft,  and  ever  nigh 
My  dwelling  be  thy  fullen  wailtogs  beard. 
Amid  tl  e  howling  of  the  northern  Uaft 
Thoubv»ft  to  mingle  thy  difcordant  fcream* 
Which  to  the  vifionary  mind,  may  fcem 
To  call  the  ftiffitrers  to  eternal  reft  j 


waves. 
While  rifing  Oiroudlefs  from  theirwatiT  graven. 
Aerial  forms  along  the  biUows  fweep  I 
Hark,  loud,  and  louder  ftill,  the  tcropcft  ravci-' 
And  yet  I  hear  thee  from  the  diaxy  fteep 
Edinburgh.  Ai;gw$ta. 


gore, 

Here  fcU  the  mighty  to  arife  no  more. 
Srrjag  vas  his  arm  as  cmpefta  of  the  main, 
His  height,  like  rocks  that  overlook  the  plaia ; 
HU  fwjrd  a  meteor  in  the  low' ring  flcy, 
A  fiery  furnace  glow'd  his  wrathful  eye  ; 
Ami  loud  his  voice  as  when  the  furgcs  roar, 
With  foamy  billows  on  the  (bunding  fliore; 
In  carcleii  piayfulnefs  the  thoughtlefs  child 
Crops  the  gay  ihiftle  in  the  flow'ry  wild, 
Thus  Connal's  faulchion   foal'd  the  warrior's 

dgcm, 
His  tranfient  glories  withering  ere  they  bloom. 

As  rolling  thunder  in  the  noon-day  (kies, 
Daigo  the  Mighty  tn  the  battle  flics, 
Drfit  and  comraAcd  was  his  fullen  brow, 
And  hijt  fu|ftk  eye*  feem'd  hollow  caves  below. 
Bright  rofe  their  claihing  fwords  with  wild 

alarms. 
And  dire  the  clangor  of  refidgent  arm*. 

The  foir  Crem<jfia,  heavenly  maid!  was  near, 
Dauzhtcr  of  Rtaval,  matter  of  the  fpcar, 
Whocas'd  in  aiail  liad  foUow'd  from  afar 
Htr  much-lov*d  Cannal  to  the  din  of  war ; 
Wh  \\\  her  loofc  trefles  ncgUgcnily  flow. 
Her  beauteous  hand  fuftains  tlie  quivering  bowj 
On  Dargo  nbw  (he  draws  the  erruig  dart.— 
Ah,  hipltd  ma.d!  it  cleaves  thy  Connal's  heart. 
So  falls  the  gUnt-oak,  the  valley's  prid^. 
So  rifted  rocka  roll  down  the  mountain's  fide. 

Ill  deep  defpjiir  ih*  unhappy  virgin  flrays 
Through    tan^rd    paths    and     unfrequented 

While  chtlly  vapouis  (hnoud  the  moon's  pale 

beam. 
All  wild  (he  wanders  by  the  murm'ring  ftream| 
Cj.wal,my  love!  Connal,  my  friendl  (he  cries, 
She  finks— :he  faints— -3ie  trembks-«-aad««- 

(he  dies. 
Here,  earth,  thoud:>(l  thetovelieft  pairinclofe, 
That  ever  Oept  in  undifturb'd  repofej 
W.thin  thy  chilly  bofom,  here  rcclin'd 
Th*tr  metnory  nilhes  on  my  raufmg  mind, 
Af  d  wbiie  the  £ilt  tear  trickles  from  mine  eyes, 
The  wild  wind  whittles,  and  the  rank  weed 

fighs. 

Monthly  Mho.  XXVU, 


AN     lMITATIO^f     OF     A     CANTAtA     Qt 

BSITASTASIO.  \ 

QOME  penfxvc  fair,  whilft  (bft  approachiof 
liight  ^^  • 

O'er  weary 'd. nature  draws  her  filent  ihada^ 
From  ocean's  mirror,  view  departing  light, 

Whilft  varying  forms  in  dofmg  darkaeU 
fade. 
Plac'd  on  a  rock,  which  ocean  gently  laves, 

Mark  tlie  flow  changes  of  the  Ic^^'ning  b^ 
Whilft  cooling  lephyrs  flighrly  curl  the  waves, 

Enjoy  the  fweetnefs  of  the  pafTrng  gale. 
Yon  arure  vault  bright  twinkling  gems  adonif 

Their  borrow'd  lurtre  gilds  the  envious  deep^ 
Along  her  ftudded  path  pale  Cynthia's  bom^ 

Wliofe  icy  beams  upon  the  billows  ile«ps 
Leave  then,  fair  nyropb,'your  flock  and  fliadr 
bow'r,  . ' 

And  fliarethe  tranfient  glories  of  the  hour 

_^  '^^ 

BOTANY.BAY  ECLOGUE. 

IDWAK.D   AVD    SUSAN. 

Tme^  Evftu'tig, 

SVSAN. 

■^H  Y,  Edward,  hangs  thy  head  in  filent  gtiet 
Why  will  thy  ftern  repentance  Ihuft 
relief  f 
Still  heaves  rhy  reliefs  bofom  with  the  figh  f 
Still  dwells  on  vacancy  thy  rigid  eye  } 
Lov'd  of  my  foul,  from  fruitlefs  forrow  ceafe 
And  let  thy  Su£in  foothe  thy  foul  to  peace.  * 

BOWARD. 

*  Oh  fly  me,  fly  me!  leave  me  to  my  fate, 
Reproach  me  with  my  crimes,  and  learn  to  hate! 
Leave  me  each  woe  fo  well  deferved  to  prorc 
Bur  do  nor,  Sufan,  woand  me  with  thy  love  -i 
Why,  heavenly  jultiee  !  muft  this  angel  ihaVc 
The  angwi(h  I  alone  defervc  to  bear  ? 
Why,  Was  flie  doom'd  to  tcAipt  the  daogciout 

Or  why  united  to  a  flend  like  me  f 

Ye  blafting  tempefts,  rufli  around  my  head! 

Ye  fccaven-wing'dlightnings,ftrike  this  monftar 

dead  I 
Spirits  of  liell  I  come  end  this  life  of  woe, 
Come  drag  your  viQitn  to  the  iros  below  I 

®  IVSA^, 


4*^ 


Of^^kul  Ptriry. 


:  [  J«»' 


«vSAir. 
Kay,  Edwarf,  fifik  not  thus  in  vain  diftrefs, 
Tortiinn^  inyTjeaftwitb  needtefs  wretthedoefaj 
Hadft  tboii  been  doam'd,  «n  outcaft  wretchi 

togo 
Where  eodlefs  winte-  piles  the  fhin  with  fnow, 
I  would  have  lulled  thcr  «  -^n  thereto  reft, 
Pillowing  thy  forrows  oft  thy  Sufap'i  l>reaft. 
Or  wt-  «  we  lc»r  to  fojourn  wo  fomc  (hore, 
Where  the  woods  t<ho  to  ihe  lionS  roar, 
Thoagh  danger  fcrcam'd.  in  every  pafftrg  wind, 
StiU  I  w^c  bUft  ir  Edward  were  but  kind. 
Here  we  are  fafc,  on  this  pacific  Ihore 
>?o  tyg*'**^|*«'^»  no  i«»gWty  l»oiw  roar, 
Ko  howling  wolf  >s  heard,  nor  ftcrcl  brake 
Conc«ab  ihe  venom  «f  the  culling  frake; 
Indulyent  heaven  a  mildtr  brood  bcftows, 
A  miUer  climc  to  foothe  the  exile**  woes. 
Sofr  as  in  EngLind,  finite  ihc  fumm-  rs  l.c;e, 
Ai^jentl-  winters  clofe  the  dyii»g  year; 
Korhcfe   is  heard  th'    autumnal  wliirlwind's 

brrath, 
ll^r  Vernal  tempclls  breathe  ihe  Uai>of  death. 
CuuU  I  one  f.Trilc  on  Edward's  f.ice  but  fee. 
This Mimble  dwelling  wtVc  the  world  tp  me. 

EDWARD. 

Ab|  Salkh  !  humble  is  ih(>ecUhis  cot, 
And  well  it  fuits  the  outcaft's  wretched  Jot  ; 
WellYiiits  the  horror  of  this  barren  fcenc, 
A  mind  as  drear  as  (.omforrleis  within. 
'Tis  juH  that  I  fliyUld  treid  the  j->yiefs  ifho'C, 
Liftt./tfhe  wintry  tcmp<ifl's  fiiUcn  roar. 
Plough  \i|)  the  ftubborn  and  ungriteful  foil. 
Barn  the  f  aot  pittance  of  a  ful<Mi'i  roil, 
Aw!fl(?ep  fcp.rKcihcltcrVl  fr>>m  the  nightly  iew," 
Where  howls  around  the  dil'.Tia]  K*^dr«.o. 
Thii  1  have  Tnerited,  but  then  lo  know 
Sufnn  paVMkes  her  barbarous  hufl3ia«d's  woe, 
Ui.chirg'd  by  infuU,  ckicUv,  and  ha^c, 
Paftrakes  an  outcafi's  bed,  a  felon's  fale, 
To  fee  h;  r  ftJndIv  ftri^e  to  gn'c  iclicf, 
Forger  \\u  cnnne^,  and  tynly  fhare  his  gri<.f— 
And  then  on  all  my  aftions  paft  to  dwell, 
My  crimes,    my    cruelties — ^tis    w.afe   tl.an 
hell. 

S^SAN. 

Oh  fparc  me,  fparc  me  I  ce*fc  to  wound  my 
brca&, 
Be  Chou  content,  and  we  ihall  both  be  bleft. 
Whu  arc  to  me  the  idl**s  gay  relo.ls, 
The  buz  of  cities  and  the  po«np  yti  courts  ? 
Without  one  vain  regret  to  call  a  tc^r, 
To  wake  one  wUh,  I  feel  contented  here; 
And  we  (hall  yet  be  happ^.-;  yonder  r-iy. 
The  mild  eft'ulgeace  of  delMrli^l5  cay. 
As  gayty  gilds  this  humble  dweHiftg  o'er, 
As  the  proud  dome!<  on  Englmid's  diftant  ihort ; 
^s  brightly  beams  in  njorniitg's  opening  light. 
As  £iintly  faaiag  iinks  in  fliadowy  night. 
edwakd. 

^Stnk,  glorious  fun  •  anJ  never  may  I  fe« 
Thy  blclTed  raoianccttie  agaio  on  roe  ! 
That  was  a  time,  when  cheerfully  thy  Tght 
Wak'd  aae  at  raorn,and  pease  was  mine  at  night, 
Till  I  h.id  laviftied  all  \    '1.1  m.:d  wi  h  play, 
IturnM  a  villain,  fromiht-  viVla»n*s  iMrey; 
Till  known  an<i  brandeo— Oh    thit  btaven 
would  hear  ^ 

My  heart's  deep  wi(h,  my  laft  and  only  pr.71  v 


%mm  >wxsM  I  changttcntHWnce  wUh  ddigfat, 
For  the  long  fleep  of^ae  ctef nai  ttight. 

CVSAN 

Ungrateful  man  !  for  ever  wtU  thou  be 
The  caufe  of  all  thy  Sufan's  milery  f 
Foi  thee,  yon  wallc  of  waves  I  travers'd  o'er, 
For  thee  forfaek  my  friends,  wy  native  ihore, 
And  I  couM  here  be  h»ppv—* 

EDWARD. 

y  — Oh  forgi^ 

Th'  impatient  guihywiecli  that  lothes  to  livc^l 
Foi^iv'j  me,  Sufrfn,  if  my  tortur'd  mind 
Wil:  dwcil  on  hap'pier  fccivs  long  left  behiodr 
The  lenient  hand  of  time  perchance  may  heal 
The  guilty  pangs,  the  deep  remorfe  1  feel. 
And  thou,.,h  thy  huftand  in  hii  happier  ftaic 
Thy  virtues  knew,  tn-\  would.not  imitate, 
Th<s  hanibrd  heart  at  length  may  leam  of  thee 
T&  bow  refun* J  beneath  calamity. 

Oxford,  W.  T. 

LAVKA   LEAVES  ARTHUR,  TO  MAKX  A  VI31T 
TO  A  FRIEND  BY   THt  SKA-SIDE. 

''TpRUST  not"  he  'aiJ, ««  the  dangVous  ft^, 
*•      <*  Which  fiiilcs  tooothn  to  dcreivc, 
*•  Ah  !  dcarcft  Laura,  tlunk  on  me, 

«<  Nor  once  the  fafer  fand-beach  leave." 
Laura's  fund  heart,  too  full  to  fpcak; 

Ti>  Arthur  fi^h'd  u  jofi  aiiieu  ! 
Love's  gentle  tear  ft  )le  down  licr  cheek, 

•  As  ArCliur  mournfully  mi.,  drew- 
Lau.a,  at  cv'ning's'hour  fcrcac, 

L'jv'd  by  the  iu«irua'r»ng  fca  to  ftray ; . 
And  there,  l)y  all  unheard,  unfccn. 

To  fuit'.iful  love  her  homage  pay. 
In  vain  her  i^ay  companions  ibught 

To  tempt  her  on, the  f.uiling  niaifl, 
<*  1  cannot  e'en,*'  Ac  Uid,  «  m  thought, 

«<  Give  Aithur**  heart  one  roomem's  pal». 
«<  O  then,  forbear  to  urge  mtmore^ 

«»  Beneath  yon  clitf '*  in)pcnding  brow* 
<«  ril  for  your  fale  return  to  Aore, 

«*  Toev'ry  Ncre'id  oft 'rings  vow.** 
Impatient  Arthur,  from  the  caff» 

O!  i*orldly  bus'ncfs  now  releas'iiy 
With  ardor  to  the  fpot  repairs, 

Where  all  his  cares  in  rapture  Ccas'd. 
With  bcarirg  heait,  and  falt'r  ng Tongue, 

•«  Wh*re  is  my  Laura  ?"  Arthur  cries— 
««  Wandir.riu,  the  fea-bound  (hore  along'*— 

Like  ii^hi'ning,  Aithur  thither  «ies. 
«<  jieneath  yon  cliff,  there  fits  my  love  !*• 

But  ah,  fond  youth  !  no  moie  for  thee— 
The  mounta  n  torrent  burfts  above, 

And  bears  its  viAiro  to  the  fea'. 
O'erwhtJm'd  with  grief,  long  Arthur  ftoo4. 

And  on  the  cliff  ftiU  fix'<l  His  eye;     , 
Then  madly  crv*^i,  *'  In  yonder  flood, 

«  Sh.ll  "Ai  ihur  with  his  Laura  die. 
<«  It  !s  by  11  y  i;i-omen*d  care, 

'*  Th.it  Laura  finds  4  watry  grave, 
"  I  iVe,  ll<  e  yon  b-at*8  crew  rl  ere, 

"  Securt-ly  ride  the  briny  wave. 
'**  They  laud  !   and  with  ihem  Laura's  fritnd  t 

<«  Again  I  hear  the  torient  i-oar, 
«»  See  her  t'wardi  moheri^ootftepsh^nd, 

«*  Ob  heaven  I" — ^he  fell,  and  roiV  no  mort 

Annabslla  Plumpxrk. 

ORIGINAL 


•1798] 


i    43   > 


ORIGINAL  ANECDOTES  ANJ)  REMAINS 


EMINENT    PERSONS. 

[  T}is  AftUU  is  de^joted  to  the  Rfccption  of  Biog^  apbical  Anecdotes^  'Papers ^  Letter s^  ^e.  and 
we  requffi  the  Communt  cat  ions  offucb  qJ  our  RtuJers  as  Cim  ojjift  us  in  tbeje  ohje^s.'^     * 


Sketch  op  the  Life  op  THf.  late 

John  Wilkes,  Esq^ 
TjIS     prcfent     majefty    afccnded    the 
•^  throne   of  thcfe  realms   amidft  thfc 
plaudits  of  his   fubj^jfts.     His   ele.ation 
was  accompanied  hy  a  ferie^  of  aufpicious 
occarrences,    and    every  appearance   au- 
gured a  fortunate  and  happy  reiL;n.     A 
change  in  the  dynafty  had  raken  place  in 
favour  of  his  family,  and  the  do(4nne  of 
popular  elcftion,  by  a  practical  and  njemo- 
Fible  exemplification,  was  juftly  preferred 
to  a  pretended    heroditary    right.      13ui 
George  I    was    unacquainted    with    our 
laws,  and  even  with  our  langurt5;e.   Thcfc 
tircumftances,  added  to  his  partiality  for 
Hjnovcr.  and   the  c-naftion   of  th-  Sep- 
tennial  Bill    (rhe   firft   infringcttient   on 
puMic  liberty  during  the  rcitn  of  a  hmfe 
cxprcfsiy  called  in  for  its  piorcction)  ren- 
dered him  at  times  unpopular.     The  lat- 


His  majefty  f<>und  the  country  engage«l 
in  a  juft  and  fortunate  conteft  with  tHfc 
houfc  of  Bourbon.  The  war  was  con- 
dnftc'i!  by  a  ftaiefman  who  proved  uncom^ 
monly  fucceftful  in  fubduing  the  armiec 
and  navies  of  Frantyr  j  for  we  pointed 
the  thuifders  of  an  united  nation,  witii 
terrible  and  irreiiftible  cife^  oj  m 
humbled  monarchy. .  A  change  of  men 
and  councils,  iodecd,  favcd  the  enemy 
from  utftr  ruin  ;  but  this  very  circum* 
ftance' gp.ve  a  de<i«^c(!  turn  to  the  current 
of  popularity,  wliich  had  hitherto  iiovved 
arnund,  and  atfordcd  a  facrcd  barrier  ro 
the  throne. 

On  the  retirement  of  William  Pitt, 
1761,  mijefty  ieeived  fhorn  of  its  rays  5 
and  its  luftre  being  inrcrccprcd  by  the 
futtdcn  interpoflti'o.iof  a  maliki^nan*  planet, 
it  appeared  to  cxpiricnce  almoft  a  total 
cclipte  !     The   fccret   views  that    led  tQ 


rer  part  of  the  reign  of  George  II  was  the  pe:cc  of  Paris  are  ftill  invcloped   in 

uncommonly   brilliant ;  but  he   alfo  u:as  obl'curity,     and    the    particular    motives 

acculed  of  an  over-wcening  fondncfs  for  which  fuperinduccd  fo  many  fjcrifices  are, 

his  ele<aoral    dominions,   and   confidcied,  at  beft,  but   equivocal.      Jr  was,  indeed; 

even  on  the  throne,  as  a  foreigner.  in  fomc  mcafure,  fanftimcJ   by  a  majo* 

A  happier  fate  attended  his  grandfon,  rity^  obtained  by  means  not  difiKult  to  btf 

who,  in  his  fiift  fpeech,  gloried  in  being  gueflL-d  at  in  a  venal  age  ;  but  it  proved 

brn  a  Briton."  His  youth,  nis  graccf  .1  th.  mod  fin  ftcr  treaty  in  ouf  annals,  and, 


perfon,  the  memory  of  a  father  dear  to  the 
ration,  and,  above  all,  the  early  promifc 
of  a  government  fognt'ed  on  the  prad^ical 
blcfiiogs  of  ^" berry,  endeared  the  new 
k-nti;  t'j  his  people.  Indeed,  there  is  not 
a  fingl-  inftance  in  all  our  hiftory,  of  a 
p'ince,  who  attained  the  throne  of  thcfc 
King..iom«  with  brighter  profpc^ls ;  it  waj 


from  a  vaiiety  of  circumftance*,  bccamdi 
pecul  arly  odious  to  the  nation. 

The  aJminiftr  iiion  of  the  earl  of  Bot^ 
give  g-neral  dif>ult  Clofe,  inftnuatJng, 
cunning,  rap.icious,  and  revengeful,  h« 
was  (aid  to  h'^v.c  enjoyed  the  unlimited 
cor^riJence  of  his  royal  mailer,  and  ih« 
per  pi::  afF.ftjd  to  confider  him  as  the  mi- 


accirdirtKly  predi^cd,  in   rhe   fgrv oar  of     nion  of  ttie  crown,  rather  than  the  mi uif-' 


enhjfiift"!!,  thit  the  fway  of  a  Trajan, 
or'an  Alfred,  was  to  be  renewed  in  the 
pcrfon  of  GwOrgel/I  '. 

•  One  of  the  firft  adis  of  his  nnajcflv's  rsign 
was  uncoajpnoaly  gracious.  By  the  demitc  of 
a  kinj,  the  paicus  it*  the  judges  were  con- 
fiJertd  as  hivittg  expired  j  but  this  g^ofs  defect 
was  remeiiird  by  rho  generous  interpolitioii.  of 
thr  yonng  pfintc.  A  fincere  regard  to  truth 
obliges  the  writer  to  acknowledge,  that  in  tiii» 
inRance,  cn^"  t^d^  Vfh^aru^  c*n:iifut:ovtrf 
ddvkt,  hus    Mn^.^gi^^    t«i  tjjftjate  W. 


ter  of  Erj^land.  Hi«  enemies,  however^ 
oould  nor  ilen^  that  he  was  amiable  in 
priv  ate  lift* ;  rhe  moft  zealous  of  his,  friendf, 
on  the  other  hand,'  mult  confcfs,  rhar,  if 
not  crimirtal,  he  wai  at  lead  unfortunate. 


dirintere^ed.  Some  perfbns  are  fo  little  ac« 
quatntc-d  wit h^  our  hiiio.,y^  as  t«  imagine  tiiat 
before  mie  petiod,-  the  commiflioM  of  the^ 
judges  depended itm  the  will  dlt the  ciowa. 
The  'faO  <m  orbtrrWi^;  nothing  mow  /way 
9itofri.thji(«b4t&h«cm  toled  ia>»ve.  «Ti^e  par- 
l;^il^n|l;|{h|t,br(tHgb$  ChapU^I  t(^  fiVAi/lu&cnc 
Muff4)j.e^l  of  r^ftfi^^fieW*  Cbi^  jAilUice^f.  ii^5r9du«e4  .thg  imxjo^  &Ho5»p^^ac  ^hil  4^,  rc« 
tU  Ki9|f|  Bcnd»«4^  f  ^4  ^  mcrit.iifriiuld  fpeaifig  thVp4uit8  of  tSisT  tgacb*'  which  aicm 
Ue  beea  ftill  greater,  had  it  Vsbn  eh\rrciy    eildurj  wt  vtta\ak'cu1fdt  ""  '  ' 

G  2  -  in 


44 


Oripnal  jhecirtts^r^-Jthn  Wtlhty  Efq. 


[]««. 


in  the  management  .of  public  ai&trs,  and 
that  the  jeaioufiet  «4iich  he  occafioned  be* 
tween  king  and  people,  -gaYc  rife  to  many 
if  not  a  1  the  misfortunes  of  the  prefent 
reign.  Ccftain  it  is  that  his  condwft 
created  a  moft  formidable  oppofition,  bit- 
tomed  on  conftitutional  motives,  and  that 
the  moft  zealous  advocates  for  the  houfc 
of  Brunfwick,  entrenching  themfelves  in 
the  re\'olution  principlis  of  1688,  com- 
bated the  doftrines  and  proceedings  of 
the  favourite,  iwith  the  lame  zeal  that 
that  their  anceftors  had  oppofcd  the  ty- 
ranny of  the  houfc  of  Stuart,  It  was  this 
fing alar  circumftance  that  gave  birth  to  the 
pohtjcal  career  of  the  fubjeft  of  thcfc  mc- 
notrs  *,  and  not  only  his  own  biography, 
but  the  hifiory  of  the  prefent  times,  is  imi- 
nately  conne6^ed  with  the  foregoing  events. 
The  father  of  Mr.  Wilkes  was  an  emi- 
nenrdiftiller  in  Clerk  en  well,  where  John 
it  fuppofcd  to  have  been  born,  on  the 
ft 8th  of  Oftobcr,  1715.  The  elder  fon 
Ifra^I,  who  is  ftili  aiivc,  followed  the  fame 
bufinefs,  and  ultimately  failed.  The  fe- 
cond,  of  whom  we  now  treat,  and  who 
had  received  a  liberal  educaiion  early  in 
life,  was  a  brewer ;  but  as  he  had,  in  a 

great  meafure,  beopmc  unfitted  by  claf- 
cal  purfuits  from  obtaining  wealth  as  a 
tradeUnan,  it  is  more  than  probable  that . 
he  would  hot  have  fucceeded  in  his  com- 
mercial purfuits.  For,  is  it  pofTible  to 
fuppofe,  that  the  enthuiiadic  admirer  of 
the  elegant  Tibulluk,  ihould  reltfli  the 
dull  round  of  bufmcfs,  in  the  neighbour. 
hood  of  St.  Sepulchre's  ?  that  he  who 
t»niihed  care  like  Anaceron,  and  daily 
quaffed  the  Faiemian  of  Horace,  fliould 
pay  fuch  a  feduious  attention  to  the  pro- 
eels  of  fermentation,  and  be  converfant  in 
all  the  properties  of  two-penny  ,porter,  and 
brown- ftout  ?  Pifguft,  accordingly,  foon 
fucceeded,  as  a  necelTary  coufequence,  and 
the  goldfcn  dfeams  arifiog  from  the  min- 
gled rumes  of  hops  and  mait,vaniibed  with 
the  ma^- tub  and  the  compcing-houfe.  ' 
Mr.  Wilkes  was  calculated,  by  nature, 
education,  and  habit,  for  far  dififerent  pur- 
fuits, and  he  fgon  gratified  his  inclinations. 
Having  married  a  daughter  of  the  celebrat- 
ed Dr,  Mead,  the  author  of  the  Treatife  on 
Foifons  w(e;find  him  exchanging  the  dull  and 
foggy  atm^fphere  gf  the  ciry  for  the  thin- 
■er  and  politer  air  of  the  weft  end  of  the 
town.  Po&fii^d  of  a  genteel  fortune,  ele- 
gant manners,  and  a  fpsrkling  wit,  he 
eafily  obtained  the  aoquaiaunce  of  many 
of  the  moft  falbienabie-  people  of  the  age. 
Educactd  in  Whig  prirttiples,  hewasiet 
die  dune  time  <n  ardent  aflenor  ^  £og- 


lifli  liberty.  It  was  the  latter  circmnftnoe, 
indeed,  that  i^ave  a  colouring  to4he  future 
purfuits  of  his  life  j  to  the  wmer,  he  wa 
indebted  tor  a  feat  in  parliament,  and  a 
re>.;'uiicnt  of  militia. 

a  iTiiuiii^o:  army  has  ;>l'vvays  been  coo* 
fidered  as  the  opprobrium  of  liberty,  and 
a  dlfgrace  to  a  free  country.  To  counter. 
balance  this  palpable  defc£l  in  the  fyftim 
(for  it  is  not  inherent  in  our  polity;  feme 
generous  fpirits  conceived  the  idea  of  a 
national  and  conftitutional  defence.  This 
plan,  fo  long  fcouted,  and  iinc«,  in  a  g  cat 
meafare,  emafculated  by  fubftqucut  r'fe,u. 
lations,  was  at  length  carried  into  e!f.'i, 
but  not  without  i.iuch  oppofitio::,  snd 
coniiderable  dilTacisfadion  on  the  fide  of 
the  Dcople. 

Mr.  Wildes,  who  was  a  great  ftiikler 
for  the  mcature,  made  an  oflfer  of  hii  fer  • 
vices  i^  Buck  Ingham  (hire  on  this  occa* 
iion  ;  and  as  he  lived  in  great  intimacy 
with  earl  Temple,  the  then  lord  lieuteinm, 
he  foon  became  member  for  Avleibury, 
and  colonel  of  the  county  reginnent.  It  is 
to  be  re«iorded  among  the  other  fmguLr 
anecdotes  of  his  life,  that  nearly  at  the 
fam^time,  he  was  expelled  from  the  one 
office  by  the  Houfc  of  Commons,  and  dif* 
miflcd  from  the  other  by  a  mandate  from 
the  firft  executive  magiftrate. 

The  member  for  Ay le (bury  foon  par* 
ticipatcd  in  the  general  r^fentment  agaioft 
lord  Uute,  and,  polTelfing  a  happy  talent 
for  fatire,  contribured  not  a  little  to  in« 
crcafc  the  hatred  which  he  had  every  where 
exciicd.  But  this  was  not  all ;  in  the 
bitteroefs  of  his  refentment,  he  accufcd 
the  nation,  among  whom  that  noblemia 
was  born,  of  an  hereditary  attachment  to 
flavery,  and,  without  much  ceremony,  at- 
tacked certain  perfons,  who  fondly  hoptd 
that  their  rank  was  no^  only  too  lofty  for 
plebeian  animadverfions,  but  even  dif- 
folved  all  connection  between  guilt  anj 
ihame.  • 

Mr.  Wilkes  l^egan  his  career,  as  an 
author,  in  1761,  and  his  ftrft  political 
publication,  at  prefent  known  with  cer- 
tainty, was  intitied,  *'  Obfervations  un 
the  Papers  relative  to  the  Rupture  with 
Spain."  On  the  5th  of  June,  in  the  fame 
year,  he  became  the  editor  of  a  periodi- 
cal paper  of  much  notoriety,  called  the 
"  North  Briton,'*  which  gave  a  particular 
turn  to,  and  not  only  influenced,  the  fu- 
ture progrefs  of  his  affairs,  but  aduiiiy 
decided  the  cenour  of  his  whole  life.  No 
publication  that  ^ver  tame  from  theEng- 
fifli  prefs  was  read  with  more  intereft, 
Of  ar^aUtedwitb' greater  avidity  duo^irs, 
^         •  tho 


1798O  Origin^  Aiucictes.—y$lm  Wilkis,  Efy.  *         45 

the  Letten  of  Junius,  aad  the   works     The  crown  -  Uwyer«  were  tcoordinglf 
«f  Paine,  alone  excepted.    Nor  were  the    on  the  watch,  and  Ibme  unguarded,  per- 


tie&i  difproportiooate  either  to  the  end 
m:D  which  it  was  launched  on  the  ocean 
of  popular  opinion,  or  the  high  expcc- 
MtioQi  that  were  conceived  of  its  fuccefs. 
It  was  in  vain  tliat  the.  minifters  attempted 
to  oppoTe  its  progrefs,  by  means  of  the 
'•  Briton  ^"  and  the  "  Auditor  ;'*  the  lat- 
ter of  which  was  condwdtcd  by  Mr.  Mur« 
phy,  a  man  of  confiderable  parts,  who, 
\d  the  courfe  of  his  variegated  life,  has 
defended  the  arbitary  principles  inculcated 


hapsy  improper  exprcliions  in  No,  45— 
for  I  write  not  an  eulogiura— afforded 
ample  opportunity  for  a  profecution. 

It  has  luckily  been  always  the  fortune 
of  arbitrary  councils,  not  only  to  render 
the  means  dii proportionate  to  the  end,  but 
to  have  recourfe  to  odious  meafiires  for 
the  iittainment  of  their  object.  It  was 
this  very  circumftantc,  thar^  in  one  age, 
bereaved  Charles  of  his  life,  James  of  hit 
and,   io  another,  endeared  Mr. 


crown ;  and,   10  another,  endeared 

by  a  Tory  adminidration,  and  preCented  Wilkes  to  the  nation. 

us  with  a  Whig  veriion  of  Tacitus.  His  Hada  common  a^lion  taken  place  againll 

pen,  h^vvever,  on  this  occadon,  was  made  the  .editor  of  the  North  Briton,  and,  after 

to  drop  from  his  hand,  by  the  mere  force  due  conviftion,  a  moderate  fcntence  beta 

of  ridicule  alone,  and  his  journal  itfelf  inflicted,  Mr.  Wilkes  would  have  been 

expired  io  the  flames  of  his  own  Florida^  branded  as  a  recorded  libeller.     It  wis 

vcrf  f .    He,  however,  did  not  fall  alone,  the  illegal  proceedings  which   occafioned 

for  his  patron  foon  lay  proftrate  by  his  that  gentleman  to  be  coofidered  as  a  fuf-* 

ficic ;  9nd  although  he  was  ful'pedted  of  fertng  patriot,    through   whofe  fides  the 

re^laiii\g  the  motions  of  the  roinifterial  liberties  of  a  whole  nation  were  wounded. 


puppet*  long  after  he  left  the  ftage,  yet, 
ib  obnotious  had  he  rendered  ^imiclf, 
th:;t,  from  this  moment,  he  was  forced  to 
bid  adieu,  at  lead,  to  the  oilenfible  ex- 
crcife  of  power. 

The  Tbane  was  ^fucceeded  by  Mr. 
GremfUU^  the  father  of  the  prefent  lord 
GreoviJle  and  the  marquis  of  Bucking- 
ham \  who,  partly  from  hatred  to  the  au- 


His,  therefore,  from  that  moment,  ceafed 
to  be  a  private  ca'ufe — it  was  the  caufe  of 
the  people. 

On  the  50th  of  April,  1763,  he  was 
arreted  io  the  ftreet,  by  a  king's  roelTen- 
ger,  in  confequ^nce  oi  ^  general  warrant  ^^ 
ae;aini^  the  authors,  printers,  and  pub- 
liihers  of  the  .North  Briton,  No.  4;,  and 
carried  to  his  own  houfe.    The  publicity 


thor,  and   partly  from  animodty  to  his  of  tlie  a£t  having  occalioned  much  noffe, 

own  brother,  with  whom  he  had  quar-  hit  was  inftantlyvifued  byanumber  of  his 

relied  (he  is  alfo  faid  to  have  been  infti-  friendiy  and,   among  others,  by  Charles 

gated  bv  another  motive)  determined,  if  Churchill,  a  fellow-labourer  in  the  po-» 

he  could   not   fupprefs  the   publication,  litical  vineyard,  whom  he  favad  from  im« 


tiiat  he  jbouid,  at  leaft,  puniih  the  editor. 

*  Sniollct  was  the  editor. 

f  Such  as  vriih  to  be  better  acquainted  'wkb 
this  inftance  of  htvry  jockeyfuji^  are  referred 
to  a  note  in  p.  5a,  voL  i,  of  Bell's  fecund 
tuition  of  CburchJU's  works,  or  to  the  N  >rth 
Bntoa.  Here  follows  the  epitaph  occalioned 
by  the  difcomfiture  of  the  ('Auditor;**  and  it 
nay  be  neceilary  to  premife  that  this  event  was 
produced  by  a  waggilh  letter  figned  ••  Victor ^* 
ia  which  the  advantages  derived  tVom  the  pof- 
feffion  of  Plofida  (obtained  by  the  peace  of 
Paris)  are  inmically  poincad  out,  particularly 
the  peats  and  turf,  that  were  tM  %oarm  the  fAr 
AaerUau  Jilaaiert  in  the  wMterfuifin! 
SitTE,  VlATOB. 

^  Deep  in  this  b»g,  the  Auditor  Hetfiill^ 
His  labours  Aoifh'd,  and  worn*  out  hUquiHt 


prifonment,  by  that  prefencc  of  mind 
which  never  deferted  him  on  trying  oc- 
caiions.  In  the  mean  time,  he  detired  two 
other  gentlemen  to  repair  to  tne  court 
of  Common  Pleas,  and  fue  out  a  writ 
of  Habeas  Cffr/mst  in  confcquence  of  bis 
being  detained*  a  prifooer  in  his  own 
houlc,  by  an  ilU-gal  arreft. 
,  As  lord  Halifax  did  not  choofe   to  pro- 


#  (Copy) 
L.  S.    '<  George  Mountague  Dunk,  Earl  of 
**  Halifax,  Vifcounc  Sunbury,  Sec, 
**  Thefe  are  in  his  oajefty's  name  to  autho«  ' 
rife  and  require  you  (taking  a  conftabic  to  your 
ailiftance)   to  make  ftrict  and  diligent  fc;jrch 
after  the  Mthrs,  printetty  and  puklijhen  of  a  fc- 
ditious  and  trcafonabie  paper,  entitled  the  North 

Hii>«exting«iibVl,  and  his  work,  unread,  ^^^  ^^^^.t^:,  ^^^l  ^^IJ^I  JLtl' 

In  Mace  he  ilnns  with  the  foriaken  dead  J  f""^   '**'  °5^'8c  Kearney.    Ludgatc-ftreet, 

in  p»«  ue  iKcw  wiui  (^  r^~^W^^^^.  London,  and  rhean  or  any  of  them  havfng  found, 

WA^        ^^*  may  h»  tomb  ,„  ,pp^end  and  fciae,    together    wfth  their 

^      '^*  -  pa^s,  afldto  bring  in  (Jifecuftody  befoie  me« 


And  his  ovm  turf  Kit  light  tpon.his  breaft.'* 


^  Difsaed  to  Nathan  Canington,  &c 

(Si^d)  <*  Dunk  Halifax.*' 

eetd 


I 


;46 


Original  Afuctktts.^J^  ffUkny  £/f. 


[W 


€tc^  dirc^Iy  to  cxtFcmities,  he  fent  fd- 
teiril  police  mtflages  r^  Mr.  W.  rcqueti* 
ittg  his  company  ;  but  the  latter  retbUicelj 
yctgfedf  anci  could  not  be  prerailcd  upon 
lo  repair  t^  his  lordlbip's  houfc,  untii  he 
was  threatened  with  pcrlonal  tiolcnce, 
and  gtvcn  c.o  uaderf^^ind,  thac  a  regiineDt 
of  guards  would,  if  atceflary,  be  called 
in-.  0(1  tliis,  he  proceeded  in  a  chair,  at- 
.tende^i  by  the  mtircDgcrs  and  their  fol- 
Jowcps  ;  he,  however,  rcfafcd  to  anl'wer 
.any  qucflions  whatever,  and  treated  lord 
JEgremont,  the  other  fecretary  of  Itate, 
■who  exhibited  too  much  of  the  info.ence  of 
ofiice,  in  his  demeanour,  with  great 
fpiri't. 

On  his  being  committed  to  the  Tower, 
he  was  prclTed^toodcr  bail;  but  he  ftre* 
liuouQy  refufcd,  as  it  would  have  looked 
like  an  acquicfccncc  in  the  injullicc  of 
the  proceedings  again  ft  him,  although  two 
ih>blemen  offered  to  become  furcties  to  the 
amount  of  ioo,cool.  each.  In  confe- 
qucncc  of  ftridt  orders  for  that  purpole, 
be  v.as  kept  a  iiofe f^rifontr- ;  and  earl  Tem- 
ple, and  tlie  relt  of  his  friends,  denied  ac- 
cefs  to  him,  until  two  bab.-afu  were 
ifiued,  the  firft  having  been  cvat'.ed  by 
chicanery.  At  length,  on  Tucfdjv,  the 
3d  of  May,  he  was  brought  up  to  the  bar 
of  the  Common  Pleas,  where,  in  an  ap- 
poiite  fpcech,  he  complained  of  the  vio- 
Jation  of  the  laws,  and  alTerced,  that  he 
had  been  treated  worfe  ^*  than  if  he  had 
been  a  Scotch  rebel/' 

The  court  having  taken  time  to  deli- 
berarc,  he  was  rc:nanded,  and  brought 
op  once  more,  on  the  6th,  whcii  the  lord 
chief  jufticc.  fir  Cnades  Pratt,  afterwards 
lord  Camden,  ordered  him  to  be  dif- 
charged.  Flulhed  with  this  vi&ory,  in 
the  courfe  of  that  very  night,  he  wrote  a 
bitter  and,  farcaftic  letter  to  the  two  fecre- 
taries  of  ftare,  in  which,  after  recapitu- 
lating the  circumft^nces  relative  lu  the 
fcizure  of  his  papers,  he  deniRnd:d  the 
rc(lituii<>n  of  them,  under  the  title  of 
••  ftolen  goods,*'  and  uitujlly  applied  to 
Bow-ftrect,  for-  a  warrant  to  fcarch  then* 
^oul'es^  in  order  to  recover  pofllflion  cf 
bis  property,  which  had  been  feUftno^'jIy 
laken  awaV.  It  may  be  caHly  rri|>po1ed, 
th.^t  a  magiflrare,  under  the  inunediare 
inRiicn.e  of  the  miniftiy,  refufcd  his 
^ounteijnnce  to  this  pioixttlinc;  ;  l)ur  rc- 
?oujf«  was  fpon  bud  to  a  h  j;iicr.  autho- 
rriy,  andiimpie  laiiilaCiJon  received, 
.  While  Mr.  Wilke^  .was  yet  in  the 
TMver,  unlawfully  imprifoned,.  :and  tin- 
convii^tcd,  therefore,  in  the  e^e  of  tlie 
law,  fuppjfcd  to  be-  <  •an<'e  ?nfibc€iM-atid 
•^-^prefllu,  he  '.'^ai  dooiutd  lu  cx|Ciience 


aU  the  rigour  of  royal  vengeam:«,  having 
been  a^ually  difmv^ed  from  his  fituatioii 
of  colonel  of  the  Buck's  Militia,  by  a 
mandate*,  with  which  the  lord  lictircDant 
reluctantly  complied.  Bat  this  was  not 
all ;  an  attempt  to  d«rgr.icc,  was  foon  fol- 
lowed by  another,  calculated  to  ruin  him : 
it  proN'ed,  however,  contrary  to  all  hu- 
man calculation,  to  be  the  balls  on  whicli 
he  ere£^ed  the  edince  of  his  future  for- 
tune. 

In  the  courfe  of  next  term,  an  inform- 
ation was  Hied  againft  him,  in  the  King  s 
Bench,  as  author  of  the  North  Briioo, 
No.  4fi  ;  and,  on  the  meeting  of  parlia^ 
meat,  beintj:  voted  "  a  falfc,  fcandalous, 
and  fcditious  lioei,"'  it  was  ordered  to  be 
burned  by  the  i^ands  of  the  common  hang- 
man ;  a  fentence  which  was  carried  into 
cxtcution,with  much  dif!iculty,in  the  city; 
when  Mr.  Shcritf  Harley,  who  difpbyed 
great  ze^l  on  the  occafion,  was, mal- treated 
and  even  woundtd  by  the  popuhcc.    • 

Mr.  Wiikeu  having,  in  his  turn,  com- 
plained  to  the  houlv*  of  a  breach  of  privi- 
lc>'.c,  was  not  only  rcfufed  rcdre^,  but  a 
rclolutiuo  paded,  "that  the  privilege  of 
parliament  doc§  not  exrend  to  the  cafe  of 
writing  and  .publiihing  fcditious  libels, 
nor  ought  to  be  allowed  to  obrtruft  the 
ordinary  courfe  of  the  laws,  in  the  fteady 
and  effectual  proiccutioa  of  fo  heinous  and 
dangerous  an  offence." 

Some  words  that  paffcd  on  this  occa- 
Tkm),  in  conjUn^ion  with  a  (^(Tage  in  the 
North  Briton,  occafinncd  a  duel  between 
Mr.  W'llkffs  and  Mr.  Martin,  member 
for  Camel forxl,  and  late  fecretary  to  the 
Trcafury,  which  took  place  in  Hyde  Pfirk, 
the  16th  of  December.  The  reprefcnta- 
tivc  of  Aylelbory  behaved  with  great  ga- 
lantyon  this  occniion,  and  the  wound  he 
received  in  the  groin  greatly  encreafed 
the  number  of  his  partifaas,  who  were 
plcafcd  with  his  Ipirit,  and  confidercd  him 
as  a  martyr  in  the  public  cauTe. 

Soon  after  he  fouisd  it  ntceflary  to  re- 
tire to  France  ;  but  this  did  not  in  the 
lead  tend  to  ak>aie  the  vii>didive  fpiric  of 

♦  (Copy) 
"  My  lord,  Whitehall,  May  4,  1765. 

"The  icing  haYinlg  judged  it  improper,  chat 
John  Wilkes,  Efq.^uild  any  longer  ccynfruc 
to  be  cvlonel  of  the  militia  for  th'  county  of 
Buckinghtm,  I  am  commanded  to  fignify  his 
majelty'*  plcafurc  to  your  lordfliip,  that  yo«  do 
/«rthwith  give  tk^noeoflcffy  Orders  for  difplac- 
ing  Mr.  V/ilkcs  as  an  officer- for- the  miUtia', 
for  the  county  of-Bvckiogham  ^*  • 

««  I  ain,  &c.. 
.••i.To  the  Earl  Temple."        **  ttaaMONT. 

his 


rjgSO 


Qrignwl  JtrnQdoH^^m^y^n  fVtU:iss  Efq. 


his  enemies:  for  on  the  x  9th  of  January, 
1764,  we  find  him^  expelled  the  Coni- 
mons,  and  a  new  writ  was  immediately 
ordered  to  be  iflucd  for  Aylc&iJry.    The 
Houl'e  <»f  Peer*  alfo  thought  its    privi* 
Icj^cs  vio'jteJ,  in  the  perfuns  of  the  bi- 
ihop  of  Glouccder,  whofc  name  had  beta 
amved.  as  editor  to  an  obfcenc  pamphlet, 
primed  at  Mr.  Wilkes's  private  prefsjand 
ejchioited  a  remarkable  rcfentment  on  that 
accojar.    In    addition    to    this,   he   was 
found  guiliy,  in    the    court   of    King's 
Bench,  of  the  republication  of  the  **  North 
BriioD,  No    45,    with   notes,"  and  for 
printing  and  puoliihing  the    '*  Effay  on 
W'c/man."     Of  the  firft  of  thefe  produc- 
tions, be     was    avowedly     the    editor ; 
biit  as  to  the  fecund,  which  i«  a  parody  on 
Pipe's  Eflay  on  JVIan,   he  was  no  farther 
CM  iiinil  than  by  allcwing  twelve  copies  to 
\k  primed  at  his  apartments  :  the  real  au- 
thor was  a  foo  of  an  archbifaop  of  Can- 
ter jury  !     In  both  iuftanccs,  the  works 
i;i  qceftion  were  obtained  by  the  bafcft 
fraud,    his  own    Icrvancs    having    bccA 
bf;btd  and  fuborned  for  that  very  pur- 
pdic. 

At  length,  a  change  of  miiiiftry  having 
rakcn  place,  and  tne  parliam<;nr  being 
diflolved,  Mr.  W.  returned  to  his  native 
c  'Untry  j  and  notwithllandin^  tlic  terrors 
o;  an  outlawry,  adtuieiliy  Itood  candidate 
tor  the  firft  cicy  in  the  empire,  a;id  only 
•fit  his  ck£tJon  by  a  fmall  majority.  He- 
proved  more  lucccfsful  in  chc  nrft  county, 
AS  he  was  returned  a  knight  of  t^ie  (hijc 
To/ Middi^cfex,  after  a  great  and  d^cifive 
conic  ft. 

The  violated  laws  were,  however,  dill 
t»  be  atoned  for,  and,  accordingly,  the 
acw  member,  with  his  ufual  mtrcpidity, 
vrJuntariiv  furrend^reJ  himftif,  in  the 
ourt  y,i  Kmg's  B^nch,  i*n^  April.  20th, 
i:6il  ;  and  on  Saturday  morr^ng,  June 
ia:;j,  fentcnce  was  pronounced  ;  in  con- 
iicqucDce  of  wfcich  he  wai»  impriloned  l-or 
:wcatv-two  calendar  months,  and  oblig- 
t'J  to  pay  a  fine  of  loool.  He  found 
nij^^ns,  hvwcvcr,  to  get  his  outlawry 
iLvcr'icd  •,  and  this  was  accoinplilhcd 
v.;rh  lefs  d'fficulty  than  had  been  ex- 
pccf^cd,  as  lord  Mansfield,  who,  on  great 
occ^fions,  exhibited  evident  fymptomb  of 
i.midiiy,  was  alarmed  at  the  od:u;n  at- 
tached to  ali  thu&  c  ncerncd  in  the  pro- 
ccidingv,  and  did  not,  perhaps,  think  the 

♦  A  fimilar  cafe  to  tbnt  of  Capt.  Perry,  ft  III 
Iinguiftiiog  in  the  prifon  of  Newgate,  had  not  then 
occurrcJ,  or  it  might  have  been  urged  as  a  pre- 
cexlent  !  The  fititttion  ^f  this  gentleman  is 
fit  Ocularly  har4« 


4^ 


bench  ifffdU^,  ithhough  furrounded  by  m^ee 
bearers  and  tipflavcs,  Tacred  from  the 
fury  of  an  incenfcd  mukitudc. 

No  i'oooer  was  this  neoefiary  prelimi- 
nary achieved,  thin  the  a^tron  againft  lord 
Halifax,  who  bad  hitherto  pleaded  the 
out-Iawry  as  a  bar,  was  recommenced, 
and  a  verdi6t  of  4000!.  obtained/  Tttit 
fum,  together  \\hh-  loool.  recovered  from 
Mr.  Wood,  the  under,  fccrctary  of  ftaic, 
and  the  amount  of  the  v«rdi6t»,  damages, 
and  cofts  of  fuit,  were  all  paid  out  of  the 
civil  lift,  by  an  exprefs  order  of  coun* 
cil  ! 

To  balance  the  viftory,  he  was  doomed 
to  fuffer  a  frefh  profccuiion.  His  ion^ 
and  rigorous  imprifonment  having  en- 
fured  the  indignation  of  ail  liberal  and  in- 
dependent men,  and  enftamed  large  bo^ 
dies  of  the  populace  to  a  degree  ol"  frcnzjr 
little  Ihort  of  madncfs,  tnany  riots  took, 
place,  and  St.  George's- fields  became  the 
fcenc  of  much  confufion.  There  were 
two  legal  modes  of  proceeding  in  this 
cafe.  The  firft,  molt  gracious  and  af- 
furcdly  moft  politic,  would  have  been  « 
fpontancous  excrcife  of  the  royal'mcTcy, 
which,  by  its  extenfion  to  the  prifoncr, 
would  have  diflblved  the  affociations  en- 
tered into  for  his  prot.e^tion  an4  fupport, 
and  left  him  without  complaint,  and,, 
fconrequently,  without  adhtrtnts.  The 
fccond  was  the  conftituiional  employment 
of  the  civil  power,  in  order  to  keep  the- 
peace,  and,  in  cafe  of  infpaf^ion,  to  pUnifli' 
the  otf'cndcrs.  A  third  wa?,  however,' 
recurred  to,  unknown  to  our  ancient  la\v>,' 
equivocal  in  its  nature,  and  problemati- 
cal in  its  application  ;  this  was  the  calling" 
in  a  military  force,  a  menfure  ftrenuoufly 
recommended  by  lord  Weymouth,  then 
fecretary  of  ftate,  and  as  warm'y  com- 
bated by  Mr.  Wilkes.  This  produced; 
a  lecdnd  cxpolfion,  and  as  one  injulbce^ 
natur«<lly  Ittads  to  anorher,  gave  birth  rnr 
the  nomination  of  Mr.-  Lii:iere!I,  noV 
lord  Cnrhainpton,  as  the  fitti/^^  mcmlct* 
forMiddlcfcx,  ahhnUc^h  Mr.  Wilkes  wai 
duly  returned  by  the  Ihinffs,  ai:d  fan*ly 
elt^tij  by  an  immen^r  n>aj.o-ity. 

If  he  was  excluded  however  froifi- 
parlUmtntary,  civic  honf^urs  poured' 
thick  up')n  him.  While  immi.red  with- 
in the  walls  of  a  prifon  (in  1769)  he 
wss  clei5l-d  alderman  of  Farringdon 
Without,  the  mort  confideralde  aiid 
patriotic  ward  in  the  metropolis.  Two 
years  afterwards,  he  al'pircd  to  and  ob- 
tained the  dignity  of  the  ihrJevalry,  and 
in  1774.  he  waclcvared  10  the  city  chair. 
In  ali  thclc  niiillrcnc  relations,  lie  eAcr-; 

ciled 


Origkul  Aiitciit*i.^-4ar.  WWttu 


[Jui. 


oTed  the  mtgiftcriil  littaiOB%  with 
grett  fpirit  and  integrity,  and  in  the 
Uft  of  them,  he  incurred  frefli  *  debtit 
by  fttpporting  the  honour  of  his  ibtion. 

While  oppreflfed  hy  the  accufation  o^ 
minifters,  the  gale  of  jpopularattadiment 
fet  in  ftrongly  in  his  ravoar,  and  he  was 
never  fo  great,  or  perhaps  fo  happy, 
as  when  affl-ded  by  the  perfecution  of 
the  conn.  His  caule  was  fupported  by 
the  heft  and  abicft  men  in  the  kingdom ; 
his  debts  were  more  than  once  paid  by  the 
generous  care  of  his  friends,  and  every 
immediate  want  was  anticipated  by  the 
ardour  of  their  bounty  f.  But  this  was 
not  all :  they  were  determined  to  procure 
him  a  more  permanent  proviTion,  and 
accordii)g>y  darted  him  as  a  candidate  for 
the  lucrative  office  of  charoberiain  of  the 
city  of  London.  Mr.  Hopkins  however 
prevailed,  notwithi^anding  his  character 
was  tainted  refpifiing  tome  money  ne« 
gotiatioos  with  a  minor ;  and  an  annual 
«onte(i  took  place  until  his  death,  which  . 
occurred  in  1779,  fince  which  period 
Mr.  Wilkes  occupied  that  lituation)  for 
the  remainder  of  his  life. 

DuritTg  the  whole  of  the  American 
wir,  he  was  a  Arenuous  oppofer  of  lord 
North's  adm in ift ration,  and  heartily 
joined  his  own  perlbnal  enemies  in  op- 
pniing  the  raeafures,  and  difplaying  toe 
gHiit  of  that  juftly  odious  ftateiman. 
No  foouer  was  the  noble  lord  himted 
into  the  toils,  and  brought  wiihin  the 
reach  of  a  puniihment,  trom  which  he 
efcaped,  in  confequcnce  of  the  eagemcfs 
difplaycd  in  dividing  the  fpoils  of  the 
dehnqucnt,  than  Mr.  Wilkes  feized  that 
opportunity  of  procuring  juflice  to  the 

gublic  and  to  himfelf,  refpciking  the 
liddiefex  elc6lion«  The  day  this  fcan- 
dalous  decifion  was  refcinded  from  the 
journals  of  the  houfe  of  commons,  may 
be  faid  to  have  been  the  lail  of  his  poli. 
tical  career.  Indeed,  from  that  moment, 
.hefecms  to  have  fuppofcd  his  mijfion^x 
an  end,  and  in  bis  own  exprefs  words  to 
» >■"■-  ■   '■■       I.I    ,    -      .,      ,  .,       , 

*  Thefe  were  the  only  debts  incurred  to  the 
BUblic  fervice,  and  i  undcrftand^hat  they  have 
ken  all  liquidated. 

f  Among,  other  prefenti  receivvd  by  him 
wa5  a  cup  of  500 1.  value,  made  by   Mr.   Ste- 
pheofon,  ofLudgate  bill,  on  which  he  caufed 
the  following  lines  to  be  engraved : 
"  PmoJ  Buckingham,  for  law  too  mighty  grown, 
A  patriot  dagger  prob'd,  and  from  the  throne 
Scver'd  its  minion.    In  fuccedlng  times. 
May  all  thofe  favourites  who  adopt  his  crimes 
Pmake  hii  late,  and  ev'ry  Villiers  iieel 
The  keen  deep  fearchings  of  a  FclCon*s  ftccU'* 


have   oonfidered  himfelf  at  an  ''cxtia. 
gaiAed  volcano!*' 

In  his  perfon,  Mr.  Wilkes  wu  till, 
agile,  and  fo  vetj  thin  towards  the  ht- 
ter  part  of  his  li(e,  that  his  limbt  feemed 
cadaverous.  His  complexion  was  fal* 
low,  and  he  had  an  unfortunate  caft  of  his 
eyes,  that  rendered  his  face  particularly 
hable  to  be  caricatured*  The  miniftry 
of  that  day  were  lb  fenfible  of  the  ad- 
vantages to  be  derived  fnmi  this  foecies 
of  ridicule,  that  Hogarth  *  was  aoually 
bought  off  from  the  popukr  pany,  by 
means  of  a  penfion,  ana  earned  a  dif- 
honourabie  reward,  by  evployin^  hil 
graver  in  ^fatirifmg  his  former  friends. 
Notwithftanding  the  defe6lsof  his  perfoo, 
Mr.  Wilkes  at  one  time  adually  fet  the 
faihions,  and  introduced  ^/wr  hair  ^vwder^ 
on  his  return  from  France  in  i7^9« 

Towards  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  he 
became  regard lefs  of  his  drefs,  and  his 
wardrobe  for  the  laft  fifteen  years  feems 
to' have  confilied  of  a  faded  Icarlet  coat, 
white  cloth  wsiftcoat  and  breeches,  and 
a  pair  of  military  boots,  in  which  he  was 
accuflomed  to  walk  three  or  four  times 
a  week,  from  Kenfmgton  to  Grofveaor 
fquare,  and  from  Grofvenor  fquare  to 
Guildhall.  Like  moft  of  the  oUifckooU  he 
neverdcfccndcd  from  the  dignity  oiticockcd 
bat,  and  it  is  but  of  late  that  he  abjured  the 
long  exploded  faihion  of  wearing  a  gold 
button  and  loop> 

His  ready  wit  was  proverbial,  and  he 
never  mifTcd  an  oppon unity  of  being 
jocular,  at  the  cxpencc  of  his*  colleagues. 
Sometimes  he  would  difconcert  the  gra- 
vity of  a  city  feaft  by  his  fat  ire  ;  and 
when  he  told  the  late  alderman  Borndl. 
(formerly  a  bricklayer)  who  feemed  to 
be  unable  to  manage  a  knife,  in  the  lim« 

*    "  Wlien  that    great  charter    which   our 

fathers  bought, 
Wid)  their  beft  blood,  was  intoqueftion  brought* 
Wheo  big  with  ruin,  o'er  each  EogUfli  head. 
Vile  (lavery  hung  fufpended  by  a  thread. 
When  liberty,  all  trembling  and  aghoil, 
Fear'd  for  the  futute,  knowing  what  was  pafl. 
When  ev'ry  bread  was  chill'd  with  deep  defpalr, 
Till  teafon  pointed  out  that  Pratt  was  there. 
Lurking  moft  ruffian-like  behind  a  fcreen, 
So  plac'd  all  things  to  fee,  himfelf  unfisen. 
Virtue  with  due  contempt  law  Hogarth  teid* 
The  murdVous  pencil  in  his  pairy*d  hand 
What  was  tliecaufe  of  liberty  to  him, 
,Or  what  was  honoor  ?  let  them  iiak  or  fwin^ 
So  be  m^  gratify  without  control, 
The  mean  rcfentments  of  his  felfifh  fool : 
Let  fireedom  perifh,  if  to  freedom  true. 
In  the  fiuaerub  Wilkes  may  pfii/h  coa" 

Churchiira  ej^C  m  Uogartb. 
pie 


tl^l 


Ntm  BtUtms.'^Mt.  tkmpmUr*f, 


^ 


pie  qpcBdOD  of  cuumg  a  pudding/ 
''tJur  he  had  better  take  his  trowel  to 
itJ''  he  iet  the  whole  eorpontion  in  a 
far. 

Ai  a  HMD  of  pleafure,  he  (acrifioed  to 
bis  fniiioM,  Bot  QDfi€qiieQtly»  at  the  ex- 
peoce  of  his  .happiaefii,  and  even  of  his 
cliander.  The  feandal  aieaohed  to  the 
order  of  St.  Francis  "^^  of  which  he  was  a 
mcniber,  operated  oonfiderably  againft 
the  influence  of  his  politics;  it  is  not 
a  little  remarkable,  however,  that  men, 
not  the  moft  fomous  for  the  ebaftity 
of  their  mannen,  fuch  as  the  loim 
Siadvich  and  March  (the  bttter  is  the 
prcfent  duke  of  Quecnibiiry)  iiould  haye 
oecB  die  moft  eager  to  detea  and  expoire 
the  fblUes  of  his  loofer  momenta. 

h  canaot  be  deniedi  that  his  conduct 
asimagiftrate  was  not  only  unexception* 
able,  but  fpirited  and  exemplary ;  and  as 
a  guardian  of  the  morals  of  the  city  youth, 
he  has  net*  been  excelled  by  any  of  his 
prcdcceflbrs.  The  fame  candour  that 
didates  thefe  obfenrations,  obliges  the 
aothor  at  the  fame  time  to  confefs  that 
be  was  dilacory  in  the  produdion  of 'the 
city  accounts,  and  rather  too  attentive  to 
tlie  eaioluments  of  office. 

As  an  author,  he  po^eifed  the  fingular 
merit  of  ejways  writing  to,  and  for,  the 
people.  His  fucoefs  was  proportionate, 
aad  he  adually  lurote  down  at  leaft  one 
admini  ft  ration,  which  is  more  than  can 
hp  faid  of  anjT  man  of  the  prefent  age. 
His  merits  can  only  be  appreciated  by 
the  beoefits  he  has  conferred  on  his  coun- 
try. It  was  be  who  firft  taught  the  pub- 
lic to  coofider  .the  *<  king's  fpeccb'*  u 
the  mere  iabricatjon  of  his  minifterst  and 
a^fuch,  proper  to  be  commented  on,  ap- 

I.       1  ,    -   ^-1 

*  The  roocco  over  Hie  6nw  of  Medmenham 
Abbey,  mad  bu  allowed  to  have  been  e^- 
tresKJy  app Wiite  i  tt.was 


pteuded,  or  VBtmtak  with  ooBtempt.  By 
his  bold  and  deumlned  conduft,  in  the 
cafe  of  the  city  printers,  he  annihilated 
the  power  of  commitmeBC  nfimed  by  the 
fpeaker's  warrant,  and  eendered  the 
jur^'diAion  of  the  fergcanc  at .  anos, 
fubjed  CO  the  control  of  a  conlbhk. 
He  puniihed  defpotic  fecsetaries  of  ftatei 
by  holding  them  up  to  public  foom, 
aboUAcd  general  warrants,  aadphligcd 
even  lord  Mansfield  to  declare  them  um« 
lawful.  But  this  was  not  ail  ^  he  coo- 
thbmed  to  render  am  Eiifii/hmam*s  btmfe 
kis  €qfUt^  for  k  it  to  him  we  are  in- 
debted for  the  henefic  of  having  mir 
papers  cpnfidemd  as  facrpd*  in  all  cafes 
Ihort  of  high  tmfon.  The  moft  daiiajg; 
mintfter  •  muft  now  panicoiarife  his 
vidbqi  t^  name,  and  he  oannoft  attemat  to 
rob  ua  of  our  iecrtta,  without  at  the  taafe 
time  endeavouring  to  bereave  lu  of  our 
lives  I 

In  fliort,  with  all  'his  faults,  Mr. 
Wilkes  potfeflfed  fomethtog  more  than 
the  vif^$itr  of  patriotifm ;  he  could  tee 
poverty  and-  banifliment,  defjpife  a  jail, 
refill  corruption,  attack  apd  overcome 
tyranny.  Had  his  exiftence  cciicd  at 
the  dole  of  the  American  war,  his  me- 
mory, however,  would  ha^e  been  moce 
refpeded;  he  outlived  hia  repumtiott;aKl 
it  is  painful  to  add,  that  when  he  died  at 
his  daughter's  houftf  in  Grofvenar 
(quare,  on  Tuefday,  December  a?*  i797f 
in  the  f^d  year  of  his  age,  be  was  near- 
ly forgotten.  Diftance  blends  and  ibf- 
tens  the  fl)ade»  of  large  objc£ks :  Time 
throws  "her  mantle  over  petty  dcfe^. 
The  prd'eat  age  already  eonleires  thaa 
he  was  a  perreciited,  the  next  will  pro^ 
bably  conader  him  as  a  great,  man.  >.  At 
all  events,  his  name  will  be  conneded 
with  our  hiftory,  and  if  he  does  not  oc»' 
cupy  the  chief  place,  a  niche,  at  leaft«  wiK 
Ik  tenanted  by  him  in  the  temple  of 
Famt:. 


THE    NEW    PATENTS, 
Enrclled  in  Qtlober^  Novembtr^  ^c. 


JiR.  CAap£^'T£«'l  S.  FOR  fLI-UCH4»9 
PAP.KR. 

npHR  difcovcry  ^nadc  in  Fr^pcc,  by 
■*■  M.  Bcrtholct,  of  the  efficacy  of  oxy- 
genated muriatic  acid  in  expeditine  the 
proccfs  of  bleaching,  has  been  fucce(sfuily 
carried  into  effect  by  many  of  our  ow^ 
manufacturers  and  anifti.  Mr.  Cooper^ 
late  of  Manchcfter,  now  of  Northumber«> 
/»Rd,  in  Ametica,  was,  we  beli9ve,  the 
Mo)|T|ii.Y  Mag.  XXVII. 


firft  pcrfon  in  this  country  who  aj^lfed 
the  difcovery  to  pra6kife:  his  example 
was  foon  followed  by  rainy'  manufac- 
turers in  Lancafhtre  srtid  Scotland,  who 
have  obtained  patents  for  different  con- 
trivances to  regulate  the  application  of 
the  acid  gas  :  the  moft  imponantof  thefe 
have  been  already  detailed  in  our. for- 
mer numbers,  under  the  head  of  bleach* 
ffgi  ip  whifh  it  will  be  founds  that  not 
H  naif 


"^ZZAV 


Ib^  fa$tMts*mmM:  fTt^ruMd's. 


IJM. 


<toly  tibc  InMHy  bat  ih/tptftrmoMufaStire 
hat  been  eflmklly  bentmcd  hereby. 

Formerly  writii^  piper  could  be  made 
oF  mfrimed  liaes  alone»  but .  bv  meiaa 
of  die  proeefs  of  IMhr.  Benholct  creo 
printed  linen  may  be  made  into  the  fincft 
iMid  whitcft  paper.  The  prefient  patent 
^  u  the  laft  that  we  ihaii  detail  on  this 

*  fttbjedy  except  in  cafe  of  fome  eflential 
improvenent  in  the  proccf*  or  inftru- 
BKDt  made  uTe  of.    It  was  granted  to 

•  Mr.  Blias  Ca&pekter  orBermond- 
fey,  Samy^uid  is  entitled  a  Method  rf 
Bluuking  Papit  in  ibe  Waia  Letf^  md 
fiadwgit.mtiihmd  db^- 

In  the  preparation  of  the  pulp,  the 
eoarler  rags  are  to  be  maceraudfor  two 
or  thcee  dnvs  in  a  cauftic  alcaiine  let, 
and  wrought  into  iheets  of  paper,  in  tie 
niiial  way ;  a  ftrong  wooden  box  or 
trongh  is  then  to  be  pnocured,  uf  a  ixxe 
proportioned  to  that  of  the  paper,  lined 
ott  thr  infide  with  white  paiDt«  and  fur- 
Jiiihed  with  feveral  ftages  of  crois  bars 
of  gla&s  the  bottom  of  the  box  is  to 
be  covered  with  a  ftntum  about  one 
inch  deep  of  cauftic  ley,  and  the  paper 
laid  by  quaner^reams,  or  kit,  acrola  the 
glafs  bar.  A  hole  muft  be  made  in  the 
*  Sox  to  admit  the  beak  of  an  cardien- 
imrc  retort,  into  which  moft  be  put 
tnao^nafe  and  (ea  fait,  in  powder,  tuU 
phurtc  acid,  and  an  equal  quantity  of 
-water  impreenated  with  the  fteamt  of 
burning  Uilphur  ^fulphureout  actd).«— 
The  ctoer  of  the  box  is  to  be  made  air«> 
tight  by  luting  or  flips  of  paper  dipped 
an  pafte.  The  apparatus  being  thus  pre* 
paredy  the  belly  of  the  retort  ii  to  he 
pkinged  in  water,  kept  boiling,  and  in 
a  ihort  time  the  oxymuriatic  acid  gat 
will  be  driven  into  ttie  box,  wii)  pene* 
trate  the  paper,  and  render  it  of  a 
daztlinff  whitenefs,  while  the  alcalinc 
ky  at  the  bottom  will,  by  gradually  ab- 
forbing  it,  prevent  its  becoming  fo  con^ 
centrated  as  to  deftroy  or  injure  the  tex.- 
ture  of  the  paper.  From  three  ro  four 
pounds  of  iulpburic  i^id  will  fufiicc  for 
one  hundred  weight  of  paper,  and  the 
operation  will  be  completed  la  .,aV>ut 
Oight  hours.  The  iheet^  at  they  are 
tVLen  out  of  the  box  are  to  be  fited  with 
the  following  mixture  s 

To  |cwt.  of  .dippings    of  Ikin  ^dd 


t4  lb.  of  allum,  7  of  takiaed  vitriql, 
and  I  lb.  of  gum  arable,  with  a  faffident 
Quantity  of  water  to  file  50  teams  of 
n>els.cap. 

The  iame  method  will  fenre  equally 
well  to  cUan.engnvin^s  or  printing,  for 
though  the  oxymnriatic  acid  difcoarges 
all  flaina,  dirt,  &c.  yet  it  is  incapable  of 
acting  on  printers'  ink. 

MR.  WF.DGWOOD*S,  FQJl   MAKIHG  OF 
CLAaS. 

IH  Noifember,  1796,  a  patent  wat 
granted  to.  Ralph  Wedgwood^  of 
fiurilem,  Staffi>rdlhire,  for  a  new  compo- 
pofitioa  for  gialJK.  The  two  extreme 
c|uantities  ^or  the  materials,  are  given 
in  the  following  formula  \  for  according 
tb  the  required  hardoeCs  of  the  glafs  will 
be  the  proportions  to  be  made  ufe  of. 
Fropi  10  to  50  lbs.  of  pearUaih  are  ro 
be  diflolved  in  from  is  to  so  quarts  of 
water ;  to  which  are  to  be  adc»d  from 
3  to  to  Iba.  of  borax,  diHblved  in  from 
10  to  50  quant  of  i»aur  :  of  Paris 
plafter,  or  lime,  are  to  be  added  from 
40  to  too  lbs.  4  of  flints,  or  any  pure 
quatzy  ftone,  powdered,  from  50  to 
100  lbs. ;  of  pounded  barytes  from  510 
iolbt.jand  of  broken  china,or  fine  earthen- 
ware,  from  50  to  150  lbs.  (Inftcad  of 
thia  lad,  from  So  to  100  lbs.  oTbaked 
clav  may  be  added).  All  thcfe  mate- 
rials are  to  be  erooasl  into  a  fmooth 
cream*ltke  confifience  in  the  common 
mill,  then  evaporated  to  drynefr,  after- 
wards melted  in  a  full  white  heat,  and 
poured  into  water.  The  glafa  thus  pre- 
pared if  nfed  either  by  itielf,  or  mued 
with  difirent  colouring  fubftances* 

MIL.    waDGWOOD*S,     FOR      PLATIKC 
BAaTHV  WARS. 

Tqgether  with  the  above  patent  is 
enrolled  one,  taken  out  at  tiie  fa(9e 
time  by  the  fame  perfon,  for  an  im- 
provement in  the  manfadiure  of  earthen- 
ware. To  a  plate  of  foft  unbaked  cosrfc 
pottcrv  day,: »  applied  on  each  fide  a 
thin  place  of  china,  white  ware, or  cream* 
colottrtd  \  the  three  plates  are  then 
united  firmly  to  each  other  by  means  of 
a  prefs  :  afterwards  the  mau  by  rollinr 
is  broo|;ht  to  a  proper  thickneft,  anj 
Ihaped  m  moulds  m  tne  ofnal  way. 


VARIETIES, 


tl^) 


i   SI    ) 


VARIETIES, 

LtrtKAKY  and  FHihotornic^Li 
liukding  Nttittf  ef  Wtrh  In  Hani^  DtmJKc  tnJFartign, 

\^  iuibtntit  Cammumtatimsfir  M»  Article  are  earneftfy  JbUcittdfnm  aU  mr  FHtitit. 


M' 


frssRs.  RoBiKsoKs  ai^  about  to 
pubiifli  t  Work  of  confiderable  Im- 
portance aod  CurioHty  to  the  politicil 
worH :  «•  Letters  and  Correfpondence) 
Public  and  PriTate,  of  the  Right  Hon. 
Henry  Si.  John,  Lord  Vifcoun*.  Boling- 
Orokc,  during  the  time  he  w^^  Setretary 
ti  Srate  to  her  Majcfty  Qiieen  Anrt, 
wirh  State- papcn,  explanatory  notes, 
ami  a  tranflation  of  the  foreign  fetters, 
bf  Gilbert  Pakke,  Chaplain  to  hit 
Royal  Hiehneft  thePrioce  of  Wales." This 
work  witl  appear  m  a' volames  quarto, 
and  at  the  iatne  titne  in  4  volumes  o6hivo, 
to  fuit  the  feveral  editions' of  Lord  Bo- 
lin^brokc's  Works. 

Mr.  Belsham,  the  author  of  the 
HiOoryof  Geo.  III.  and  of  the  Houfe 
of  Brunfwick,  has  juft  completed  his  Hif- 
tory  of  England,  t^rom  the  Revolution, 
where  Hume  ends,  to  the  acceflion  of 
Geo  J.  It  will  be  pubKfhed  with  his 
jneceding  works  in  4.to.  and  8vd, 

Mr.  Hlair,  of  Great  iRufiei-ilreet, 
Bioomibury  (Surgeon  to  the  Lock  HoT* 
pital  ^tid  Afy (um,  ;»nd  the  Old  'Fiiiitwty 
Dfpcntary)  ha^  recently  circubtedft 
fr  oted  Letter  among  his  nedical  friends 
m  London,  inviting  them  to  coflcttr  with 
bim  in  an  attempt  t6  aicertain  how  f^r 
the  cure  of  a  genuine  fyphilis  may  be 
trailed  to  the  anti-veftereal  powers  cf 
nitrous  acid,  -  oxygenated  muriate  of 
pota&,  or  any  of  the  other  remedies  of 
aailogotn  conftitutbn,  which  have  been 
lately  rccemmendedlSy  feveral  pFa£titio»> 
cr?  as  fubftitutes  for  mercury  } 

Fmm  an  hint  contained  in  that  letter, 
ir  may  be  expeded  that  Mr.  Bl  ai EL  will 
rooa  prefcnt  the  world  with  feme  Oo- 
fervaiionf  and  Cafet  on  this.  Interefting 
fubjed.  We  are  informed  '  that  he  Is 
lilcewife  preparing  a  much  more  cxten. 
five  work,  in  which  he  has  been  fome 
time  engaged,  viz.  an  Enquiry  into  the 
Natural  Hiftory  and  Medical  Treatment 
of  the  Venereal  Dtfeafe,  in  all  its  Forms 
and  Sta^,  from  the  earlieft  period  to 
tlie  pteient  time. 

Dr.  Git  LIES  has  announced  forpvb' 
lication,  ia'thecmirfe  of  thi^  month,  A 
Traaflation  from  the  Greek  of  Ariftotle's 
Ethics  and  Polttici,  oompriAog  his  Prac» 
<Kil  Pfailofophy^    Dr.  O.  has  iUulkaNd 


the  Work  by  Introdudions  and  Kotes» 
and  by  a  vew'  analyiis  of 'the  Specula- 
live  Works  of  the  celebrated  Greek  Phi- 
lofopheh  »     .    . 

Dr.  JoRN  Williams  has  publilhed 
Propofats,  for  printing  by  St^fcription,  ' 
Oraeco- Barbara  Novi  Teftamenti ;  or. 
Oriental  and  other  Foreign  Words  occur* 
ring  in  the  New  Teftament,  fefe^ed  and 
illttftratcd  bf  Maht.  Petr.  Chbito* 
MJius,  traniUtcd  out  of  the  Latin  Ori- 
iHnal,  with  additional  Worda,  and  Notes, 
Critical  and  Explanxtoiy.  To  which 
will  be  pr^xed,  a  ihort  DiffertA^n  oa 
the  Hebrew  Vowel  Points. 

Mr.  J.  Stmons,  of  Hackney*  ititettda 
to  pubtiih  in  a  ihprt  thne,  A  Syftematte 
F^kei'Ptora  of'hidigenous  plants,  to  be 
intttled  Sjnoffis  flaMmtm  inji^  Brkm% 
nicis  tKiigemffwn, 

A  very  ttfeful  Medicbl  Wink,  cenfift* 
ing  of  Popuhr  Cautions  -  to  ToUiig 
Soldiers,  and  Gentlethen  Volonteers, 
who  may  be  called  into  the  Field  in  the 
prefent  Crilis,'  is  in  the  prefs,  and  t^lU 
be  pubtilhed  about  the  cloie  of  February* 
'  Air.  pTfek  has  in  tlicprefs  avplume 
of  Defcriptive  and  Rural  Odes. 

The  intcrefting  annual  publicatioo,  an* 
nounced  in  qur  Uft,  uoder  the^*  title  of 
"  The  Spirit  cf  the  Ptdflic  Jmmals  fir 
i797t*'  will  make  iu  appearance  in  the 
courfe  of  Febroary. 

A  monthly  work  is  annouxtced  for  pnb* 
lication  on  the  (irft  of  March,  addreffed 
to  ladies  of  fifliion  and  quality,  and  to 
milliners,  &c.  &c. 'to be  called  fbe  Magti'^ 
xif^f  »f  the  Fafiions  of  London  and  Pjfir/>. 
BacK  number^  price  ope  ihilliog,  is  to 
contain  (ix  beautifullv\  coloured  figui;es^ 
three  of  Lo^tdon  and  three  of  Parilian 
Ladies,  ia  the  moft  pvevaiiing  drefiies  o£ 
month.     .         *  • 

We  mentioned  in  a  ioniier  number 
that  pr.  Beddoes  had  recommended:  to 
MeiTrs.  Bowles  and  Smyth,  furgeona  of 
Briftol,  to  give  a  courfe  of  anatomical 
leAures.-^The  principal  defign  of  thefe 
lc6kuret  was  to  exhibit  the  ftra^hsre  and 
economy  of  the  human  frame;  aiid  to 
point  out  thofe  accidents  and  difo^ders  fo 
whieh  it  was  moft  liable,  together  with 
the  beft  means  of  guardinj^  ^inft  them* 
Bat  Dr.  B^does,  conceiving  that  it  waft 
Ha  ia- 


5« 


Liurary  N(Ufk-J9^i)k».Sw«deny  iic> 


[J«K 


impoifibte  thcfe  obje^  flioiild  be  fully  ob-  the  impoitant  qneftion,  whether  the  caU 

tained,  vrhilft  women,  the  giuiH|ia|is'  filf  tintioft  qf  tliis  grain  ought  to  be  totally 

our  childhood,  were  eichidecf,  fuggefted  mofcribed  in  Sfiain,  on  account  of  the 

to  the  before-mentioned  gemltnen,  the  fatal  coofequences  attending  it.    To  de- 

f|lan  of  a'tttit  eonrft,  accoBimt)dued  en  a  termine  this  point,  he  takes  a  reriew  of 

iemale  audience.    Many  bdies,  with  a  tlM  iMladies  occafioncd  by  its  cultivation, 

becoming   zeal    for  ufefui   information,  which  requires  a  fwainpy  foil,  and  at  the 

have  been  forward  in  proihoung  this  de*  (am»  time  a  fult)ry  climate.    He  gives  a 


fign»  an^  them  is  no  q^ftioa  or  its  ulti- 
mate fucce(s. 

t>r^  Beddoes  intends  to  deliver  a  courfe 
of  chemical  Icaunsac  Bpiftol;  azhibit- 
tng  on  an  exteafivc  apparatus,  the  g^ne- 
raTpriDciples  of  ahemi&ry,  with  the  im- 


table  of  the  births  and  dcaths,f  rom  the  year 
SYjo  to  S7S7,  in  the  different  places  in 
which  the  cnltiration  of  rice  has  beea 
praAifcd.    The  rcfult  is,  that  durine  the 

have  been 
ces  where 


fpace  of  fifty-eight  years^  there  h 
born  4t«02z  children  in  the  pkc 


provemenu  w^ch  have  been   made  at  rice  was  not  cultivated,  and  only  36,24! 

different  periods  in  this  valuable  branch  where  the  cultivation  of  rice  waa  carried 

of  ftudy^    The  propofal.was  fnade  at  the  on.    On  the  other  hand,  during  the  fame 

earneft  foliciiation  of  a  few  friends*^  veriodof  fifty-eight  years,  39^595  peifom 

Do6^  B.  propofied  a  courfe  oif  chemical  have  died  in  the  places  where  nee  was 


lednrts  at'  three  guineas  the  courfe,  ro 
conHft  of  about  thirry  ;  but  at  he  wiihed 
the  point  to  be  fpeedily  decided,  he  meq- 
^ka^d-'in  his  advcrtifement  that  unlefs 
one  buudr^  names  were  given  in  the  brft 
fortnight,  he  Should  altogether  relinquiil 
d^delign.  Mors,  however,  than  thai 
number  were  given  in  the  firft  week 


growny  and  only   19,^30,  in  the  places 
where  it  was  not  cuhivatcd. 

Among  the  branches  xAfcienct  moft  fuc* 
cefsfully  cuUivatcd  in  SwEI>£ir,  appeat 
to  be  political  hii^ory,  geography,  phyfic, 
natural  hiftory,  and  rural  economy.  The 
Swedes  are  rich  in  geographical  and  ma- 
rine  diarts.    The   fixit   volume  of  the 


Am;wgtha  b<»oks  recently  publiikodat    Mariuc  Atlas,  publiihed  in  1795,  by  the 
Madrfd,  the  foUowing  are  the  m<)ft  de-    vice-admiral  Kord&n am  keb,   is  juftly 


fi^viagofflPDtice  : 
Origin  of  CaftiUJan  Poctry„  la  tone  voluat, 
irtok.  This  work,  is  divided  into  fiMirpaits^ 
ne  firif  oT  which  eiainiocs  the  fimives  fi>»i 
a^hefice  the  ddtillian  poetry  has  been  dnlvrn } 
iiamely,  the  j^Mtry  oi  the  t^t Attive  ^panSuds, 


rt< 
i 


entitled  to  particular  commendaticA.  In 
the  rhcologmil  department,  a  new  tran- 
flation  of  the  Bible,  patronized  by  the 
bM»SwM)iih  monarch,  and  undertaken  at 
his  pnnicular  infiance,  is  preparing  for  the 

P&rt«Kiiere,anderherp^s.       ^ "'  forwavdnefs.   Of  thisiranflatton,.an  ii^m 


The  OrSgU,  Ftregrefs^  tod  Ste|t#df  CaffUlian 
1*detry.  • 

■^  An  £aa«iasliM  nf  whstawsr  belongs  to  the 
Origin  of  SpaniA  poetry,.ineadiolf  irs  prhKipa 
Kinds  4«v  psniciUer. 

Col  lea  tons  of  Cailillisiv  Poetry,  the  com* 
inents  and  notes  by  which  h  has  been  illuftratqd, 
and  the  tranflarioos  in  the  Caftillian  tongne  from 
the  poerr  of  other  nations.  The  whole  trnni. 
nated.  by  a  conylae  lift  of  the  Caaniian  poeci. 

ItiAtt  to  the  work,  enticfMi  «'  IJrerftry  Mr- 
liidire."  This  Work  is  pubKihed  \A  n<mxbers. 
malting  rhfte  Mnnif  s  yearly.  It  made  its  firft 
appes^oce  at  the  eomaBeneeman  of  1 79 1. 

The  Worlii,  a  Dream.  This  is  a  latire  on  the 
metacfs  ofthr.pnfeat  a^.  it  dercnbes  nien  as 
they  afc,  and-pouits  out  to  thrm.  w)&c  they 
fMjk  to  be 

The  cultivation  of  rice  i*  ilill  continue 
ed  in  many  pans  of  the  kingdom  of  Va- 
IcAciar  inSpain,  notwjtiiftanding  repeat- 
ed j>roKibutons.  Don  i^NTONio  Jo. 
SSPH  C'avanili.es,  id  bis  valuable 
work  .on  tJhe  }fatm»i  Hifli^yy^  Cfo^iMplfn 
AgrU^Utaiff  I'^ifuUtti^H  anU  y^fii^  Pre- 
^i.  of  thi  JQngJom  of  i^aknda,  h:is  eA« 
tered  into  a  very  iniercfting  4ifc«4irion  of 


by  way  of  profpe6ius,  appeared  in  1772- 
Thc,«  new  Vorfion    of   the.  Pfalms    of 
D.ivid«  by  the  learned  D&.Tincsta- 
Diu«^,  may   likcwife  be  centered  as  a 
fpecimcn  and   appendage   to  this  grand 
tfoderraking.    Jn  the%rame  ycnr  (^\1l^) 
Wa-kmholz  publiihed  the  feventh  vo- 
lume of  his  BtbiiolbgcaHi^kO'S^ifO'CwOiki- 
^a,  which  completes  that  learned  and  in- 
ftru^ive  work.    Gahander  publiihed 
at  Abo,  in   17891  a  Mytboiogia  Fenntcax 
and  there  has  appeared  verjr  recently  the 
Aril  part  of  the  new  edition  of    Favl 
J.u.sTKN*s  Chronicle  of  the  Bifliops  ur 
Fkihnd.      As    trnnilators,    the     Swedes 
tranflate  a  g^-eac  number  of  German  books 
but   comparatively  very   few  from   the 
Ftench  and  Englilh  languages.     The  firll 
Luertny  Journal^  which  made  its  appear- 
ance in  Sweden,  was  publiihid  by  Do€\ot 
Olaus  CEjL.sJua,  in  1741.    bince  that 

*  An  BntlMi  tmflstion  of  Ttafftaains's 
Verfion  appeared  in  London  atout  fiHir  yean 
Sgjo.  Thou]jh  little  known,  it  confinina  manj 
valuable  and  important  novelties. 

period 


179^1 


Saentlfic  News. — Ruffta.u.Aramohgj* 


53 


ptriod  tJie  munWr  of  works  of  thtt  dcf* 
cripdoo  has  aonzlngly  ificreafed.  Swe-* 
dco  boaftk  two  academict  of  fciciieesy  tlie 
oQccftabiUlied  at  Stockholn,  the  other  at 
Up(il.  There  is,  iikewife,  a  ]^triotic 
fcinf^f  Agricidime\  afioibar  focitty  iVa 
TUt€tCiHUmiJki9\  aliother  for  Ph;rfic 
aad  NHural  Hiftory«  at  LiiMi  %  ft  (baety 
of  Fine  Arts  aad  Scicscet  at  Gothenburg } 
another  fociety  bears  the  <)enofhiliatia& 
dP  Uak  Mu  \  and  laftjy.  there  ia  the  Swe« 
diik  Royal  Academy,  founded  in  1786. 
The  principal  objed  of  this  hitrer  fociety 
is  to  purify  and  perfe^  the  Swedilh  lan- 
guage. It  like  wife  caufes  a  medal  to  be 
ftruck  regularly  ^very  vear  for  fome  iHuf- 
trj.«s  Swede.  Of  all  thefe  various  fo- 
cieties,  the  two  iirft  named  are  the.  only 
•nes  which  publiih  periodical  Memoirs 
d  (heir  tranfaf^ions. 

Russia,  wkh  refpeft  to  the  fcienccs  and 
polite  arts,  has  made  aftonilhiog  progrcfs 
wirhiD  tbcfe  fe  w  years.  Catharine  II  created 
a  pantcular  curomiffioo  to  fuperintend  and 
dired  the  fchools,  fettle  the  method  of 
tu'tioo,  and  to  take  particular  care  to  form 
good  inAru^t'on^.  Since  this  arrange- 
ini.at,  three  different  fchools  are  eftabliued 
in  cacfi  government;  an  inferior  fchool, 
in  which  readine,  writing,  and  arithme- 
tic, are  tauj^ht  ;  an  upper  fchool,  or  col - 
Icj^e,  in  wh>ch  written  cxcrcifes  are  com- 
pofcd,  geography,  national  hiftory,  &c. 
taught ;  an  univcriity,  where  all  fpecies  of 
Icnowlcdge  may  be  acc^uired.  There  are 
^t  prefeat  untvcrfities  at  -St.  Pereriburg, 
Mufcow,  and  Kiov;  and  the  moft  cele- 
brated colicjies  are  at  St.  Peter lburg» 
Mofcowj  Kafiun,  Rii;a«  and  Revel.  The 
college  of 'Mittsw  is  about  to  be  changed 
into  an  univerfry.  Several  academies, 
iad  alTcmblies  of  learned  men,  arduoufly 
oopcratv  in  difleminating  fcientiHc  in- 
telligence. .  Thcfc  are  attached  to  the 
Imperial  Academy  of  Sciences  at  Petcrf- 
burg,  the  Academy  of  the  RulTiao  Lan- 
guage, the  Acaicmy  of  Ans^  the  Econo- 
mical Society  at  Peteriburgb,  &c.  Ca* 
th^rinc  II  fent  to  the  German  univerA- 
ttes  fuch  young  perfons  as  mauifefted 
hippy  difpofiuons  ror  learning.  She  alfo 
invited  to  Ruflia  foreigners  who  were 
eminent  fo^  tlicir  erudition.  She  hat,  in 
fa£l,  Co.  juJiciouily  difpofed  of  things, 
that  all  branches  of  the  fciences  are  cul- 
tivated by  the  Ruflians.  The  whole 
number  of  Rulfian  publications,  including 
foroe  tranflations,  did  not,  however,  four 
Years  9go^  amount  to  more  than  4000  vo« 
iuti^B;  the  fifth  pan  of  thefe  works  treat- 
10$  uf  politics,  economics,  morals,  hiftory, 
aod  geography. 


•  A&AKBOLOOT.  It  ia  well  known, 
that  many  ammaU  are  influenced  by  natu« 
ral  electricity,  and  extremely  fufcepiible 
of  every  variation  of  the  atmofphere. 
Of  thefe,  none  arc  mqre  affe^ed  (hkn  the 
garden-fpider.  To  M.  Qoatrnmer  d'lf- 
gonval,  aid-de-camp  genecalof  the  French 
and  Batarian  army,  the  world  are  in- 
debted for  the  important  difoovery  of 
being  able  to  rely  on  garden- fpiders,  with. 
as  much,  if  not  mor^  confidence,  than  on 
the  eat^f  or  mereufiai  barometers.  The 
garden-fpider,  according  to  his  obfenra- 
tions,  have  two  ways  ofVorkiog,  accord- 
ing to  prevailing,  or  rather  future,  wea- 
ther. If  the  weather  is  to  be  rainy,  or 
even  wiodv,  they  attach  fparingly  their 
principal  tnreads,  which  fufpcnds  their 
whole  fabric,  and  thus  they  wait  for 
the  cffed  of  a  temperature,  which  it 
about  to  be  very  mutable.  Spiders,  like 
barometers,  poflcfk  not  only  future,  but  a 
more  diftant  prefentiment  than  thefe»  con- 
cerning what  is  about  to  take  place  in  the 
the  atmofphere.  A  good  barometer  will 
foretel  the  weather  until  the  next  day;  hue 
when  the  fpiders  work  with  long  threads, 
there  is  a  certainty  of  having  fine  wearhec 
for  twelve  days,  or  a  fortnight,  at  leaft  !., 
When  they  are  idle,  it  denotes  rain  or 
wind  J  whert  ihey  work  fparingly,  it 
prognofticates  changeable  weather  i  hue 
when  they  work  abundantly,  it  may  be 
regarded  as  a  fure  forerunner  of  fine 
weather.  As  foon  as  the  ipider  is  per- 
ceived incelTantly  renovating  the  web.  He- 
ft royed  by  the  oontinual  effufions  of  rain, 
it  not  only  is  a  criterion  of  the^r  being  of 
ikon  duration,  but  alfo  denotes  a  foeedy 
return  of  a  greater  permanence  of  fine 
weather.  We  find,  at  the  end  of  the 
Araneological  Calendar,  of  M.  Quatre- 
mcr  d'lfgutival.  a  decUratiani  figncd  by 
the  Haff  of  the  French  and  Batavian 
army,  by  which  thefe  officers  certify,  that 
in  the  month  of  November,  1795*  ^^- 
d'lfgonval  announced  to  general  Pichegru, 
upon  die  faith  of  his  new  difcovcries,  thac 
the  enfuing  fummer  would  Aipply  him 
with  all  the  means  of  terminating  the 
campaign,  and  that  this  bold  predi^Hon, 
in  a  feafon  abounding  with  fnow  aad 
haiUftones,  was  realized  in  the  commence- 
ment- of  December,  on  account  of  the 
mildnefs  of  the  weather.  M.  Quatremer 
d'li'^onval  has  juft  eUabliOied  aramoriei 
in  Paris. 

The  municipality  of  Maptua  have  given 
a  general  .invitation  to  artifts  to  furniOi 
Che  defign  of  a  monument  intended  to  be 
erefkvd  in  honour  of  Virgilf  at  Peteolum«. 
the  place  wherei  aoootdipg  to  tradition^ 

that 


54 


Fu-fipt  Stimtifie  IratUtgenct, 


C]in. 


.  that  eicellent  poet  was  Ixnni.  The  fides  ol 
the  monument  are  fo  bear  tbo  Allowing 
four  infcriptioos.    Firft  in(criptb« : 

^rifliiii  ego  io  patriam  Aecum  (modo  vita  fii- 
perfir) 
,    Aonio  rediens  de^cam  vertke  mufas : 
Frtoivtiduflieaft  referam  tibt|  M«nt«4,  polmas. 
Second  iBicripcioii : 

■  ■       ■    ■     0!im 

Kec  Ijpes  Kbertalia  erat«  nee  cuia  pecoli. 
Third  tsftripttOD  s 

■  !         f  *  ■  Hupc 

O  M«lib«e,  Deuioobii  hcc  otia  fech. 
Fourth  inichption  i   ■ 

NaU)i  Pub«  VirgiUi  Maraois  facrum. 

The  Theophilanthropifts  have  founded 
a  fchool  umdcr  the  title  of  Ecole  Tb/o^ 
fbilanibropt^ae t^  in  Which  rhe  young  pu- 
pils receive  inftruftions  in  wrinng,  arith- 
inetic,  the  elements  of  the  Larin  tongue, 
French  grammar,  hiftory,  geography,  &c. 
They  are  likewife  taught  the  relative  duties 
which  they  owe  lo  God,  to  tbcir  parents, 
to  their  country , to  ail  -their  fellow  creatures, 
to  themfelves.  No  etemeotary  books  on 
religion  wilt  be  put  into  their. hands 
but  fuch  as  have  pr  ihall  receive  the  fanc- 
tion  of,  and  be  adopted  ^y,  the  fociet)'. 

Citizen  Coulomb,  fooie  time  lince, 
caufed  feTerai  laige  poplars  to  be  cut 
down  on  his  eftate.  It  was  in  the  fpring 
Icafon,  and  the  tap- hid  begun  to  mount 
into  the  branches,  whidi  were  covered 
vrtth  new  leaves.  As  he  was  iofpe^t- 
sng  the  workmen,  he  noticed  that  one 
4  of  the  trees,  on  being  cm  nearly  through 
to  the  centre,  emitted  a  found  fimtlar  to 
that  produced  by  air  bubbling  from  the 
furface  of  water.  He  perceived  that  this 
Doifc,  as  well  as  the  diicharge  of  a  lin^id 
and  raftelefs  liquid,  did  not  take  place 
till  the  trees  were^  nearlv  cut  through 
to  the  centre,  THisiedhim  lolurmife, 
that  the  Tap  in  large  trees  was  only 
imparted  to  the  bnmches  by  the  me- 
dullary canal  i«  the  centre,  with  which 
the  branches  have  a  dire^  communica- 
tiQO.  To  afcenain  this  point,  he  caufed 
feveral  large  poplars  to  he  pierced  with 
t  borerr  when  it  appeared^  that,  within  a 
certain  diftance  of  the  i!eiktri^  the  inftru* 
oient  renained  nearly  dir  ;  but  no  fooner 
did  it  penetrate  to  th^  middle,  than  a 
ssttery  fubftance  was  emitted  in  great 
abundance,  accompanied  with  the  bub- 
^ng  noife  before  memion'cd. '  This  cfieft 
was  regularly  produced  «m  every  repeated 
experiment  during  the  (um'me r,  the  found, 
•  at  well  as  the  liquid  emitted,  bearing  a 
doe  proportion  to  the  precife  degree  6f 
heat,  and  confequent  tranfpiraitiQii  ^ 
the  foliage.  At  night,  and  during  cbld, 
ditfkpdaysy  very  liltla  tStSt  waadifcehied.' 


From  thefe  ezperimenta  it  flwald  feem' 
that  the  only  circutatk>n  of  the  fap  iq 
trees  is  efieded  by  the  parts  which  border 
on  this  centrical  medulbrj^caaaly  by  oeaos 
of  the  infinite  number  of  horizontal  roda, 
at  the  extremities  of  whidi  the  buds 
are  formed^  which  cftabltfk  a  fncceffive 
comnwnication  with  the  centriad  caaal. 
This  oommunieation,  of  €Oilr(e»  augntects 
in  exaft  proportion  to  the  ,growdi  of  the 
bud  till  it  beoomes  a  braochl 

Dr.  Reimarus,  correfpondent  of  the 
Hamburgh  foeiety,  having  remarked,  that 
a  few  drops  of  belladqooa  diflblved  in 
water,  and  applied  to  the  eycf,  caufe  the 
pupil  to  dilate  in  fo  extraoi^dinary  a 
manner,  that  the  iris  is  nearly  reduced 
to  nothing,  was  led  from  this  circum- 
fiance  to  luggeft  the  propriety  of  having 
recourfe  to  this  expedient^  preparatory  to 
the  operation  of  couching  the  eye  for  a 
carara6t.  Ofthis  inpmatioo  Dr.Grafmeycr, 
who  praC^ifes  this  operation  with  great 
ikill  at  Hamburgh,  has  made  a  very  fuc« 
ccfsful  experimear.  The  dkSt  produced 
by  the  folution  in  oueftion  oo  the  eye, 
continues  about  halt  an  hour,  afifordiog, 
by  the  dilatation  of  the  pupil,  an  excel- 
lent  opportunity  of  performing  the  ope- 
ration, vvidiooc  danger  of  hurting  the  iris ; 
and  the  palfy,  if  It  may  he  ^  ternud, 
which  invades  the  retina,  prevents  the  bane- 
fiil  confcquences  which  otherwife  might 
accrue  from  too  fuddcn  acceffion  of  light. 

Bothe,  of  Magdeburg,  is  engaged  upon 
a  new  critical  and  extgetical  editbn  of  the 
works  of  Plant  us.  A  fpecimcn,  which  he 
has  already  publi(hed«  of  his  undertaking, 
proves  him  corupletely  qualified  for  the 
tsik,  and  pofifefled  of  great  critical  knuw- 
ledge. 

Gerard  Vrolick,  profeCor  of  phj^fic  and 
botany,  at  Am(Verdam,  has  publiihed  a 
differtation,  at  Leyden,  on  the  ani^iual  de- 
foliation of  trees  and  vegetables  }  in  which 
he  nuintains,  that  the  leaves  of  trees  have 
a  diftinQrvegctable  life,  eharai^rized  by 
diflerent  periods,  though  conncfted  widi 
the  life  of  the  parent  trca»  and  in  fome 
mcafure  dependant  thereon.  On  the  an- 
nual return  of  the  period  of  defoliation, 
the  leaves  drop  off  and  perifli  with  age, 
but  the  life  of  the  HboJk.  fubfifts.  He 
maintains  that  the  dead  leasts  detach 
themfelves  fro^n  the  bratiches  by  the 
fame  laws  which  caufe  anv  monilied  part 
of  an  organized  body  to  ieparate  idelf  by 
the  abforption  of  the  live  panicles  imme- 
diately connedingthe  decayed  and  healthy 
members.  To  prpve  this  aflcrtioiiy  he 
cites  examples  tram  oreanitcd  acntmals, 
which,;  as  well  as  vegetables,  poflefamanf 
pans  enaowed  wi^  a  diftuifta&d  (iepantte 


«79*J 


FartetieT.»,Dr.  Beddoittntht  Nitrous  Acifl, 


S5 


Ve.  Tbosy  for  inftance,  the  fcxtuf  of 
frogs  are  furniihed  on  the  fides  ef  the 
head  with  organs  of  refpiratifm,  analogous 
fo  the  gills  of  Hlhes.  Thefe  organs  m  a 
iboit  time  become  indurated,  die,  and  drop 
e(  before  the  \ndevidmim  has  attained  to 
the  perfcd  dcvelopemebt  of  its  exiftence. 
The  Horns  of  (lags,  which  fall  off  and 
noorate  every  fpring,  complete  in  the 
fpatt  of  a  jear  aU  the  fucceiiive  periods 
*  of  their  diftind  life;  but  a  feries  of  years 
is  neccllary  to  achieve  the  different  pedods 
of  the  ezifte&ce  of  the  animal. 

Some  remits  of  a  Roman  andquity 
have  been  lately  difoovered  at  Nines,  is 
France,  m  eoDfequence  •f  an  order  given 
by  the  municipality  to  demoUfli  a  parapet 
»a  convent  of  Dominicans.  Under  the 
parapet  was  found  a  Coriothlan  entabla- 
turci  d)e  cornice  of  which  was  much  im* 
piirtd.  On  the  friete,  which  %vas  in  to- 
lerable preiiprvation»  was  this  infcription, 
ei]grared  in  the  ftone,  with  holes  to  retain 
the  metat  which  had  been  melted  into  it : 

IMF.  CJEf  AR.  IVI.  F.  AVCVSTVl. 

COS.  XI.  fRIB.  TEST.  VIII. 

PO&TA9.  M.*.  ROS.  DA.*. 

In  the  third  year  of  the  republic,  the 
flire^fcor  of  the  military  hofpital,  of  his 
own  authority,  overturned  the  infcription, 
fo  that  many  parts  of  it  were  di(hed  to 
pieces.    It  was  not  then  fufpe£ted  that 
tinder  the  entablature  there  exifted   an 
antique  ediBce,    which  was  the  reafon 
thu  alrooft  all  the  architrave  was  taken 
a^vsy  at  firft;  bat  the  municipality  having 
perceived,  by  the  demolition  of  a  fmaU 
pan  of  the  modem  wall,  which  ferved  as 
a  lining  to  the  ancient  one,  the  appear- 
enoe  of  Corinthiao  capitals,  they  ordered 
zll  the  modern  wall  to  be  demolilhed,  the 
architrave  to  be  repaired  with  as  much 
care  as  pofllble,  and  the  frieze  on  which 
was  the  infcription  to  be  replaced.    They 
al(b  caul^  the  eanh  to  be  raifed  again  up 
to  the  ancient  pavement,  and  a  wall  to  be 
built  at  the  diftance  of  fix  feet  frcm  the 
monument,   in  order  to  fecurc  it  from 
injury.    The  ancient  editice  is  twenty- 
fire  tttt  fcven  inches  in  hetght,  and  fixtyi 
•oe  feet  fix  inches    in  length,  frontwife 
(tm  fitfode)    not    including   two    round 
rowers,  nineteen  feel  in  diameter,  at  each 
^n«f,  and  forming  an  afuaui-corps  of  nine 
feet*.    JTour  pilafters,  twenty-eight  inches 
wide  by  twelve  inches  in  projeftioo  (dc 
foiltiel    with  a  column  in  the  wall,  the 
whole  or  t&e  Corinthian  order,   divide 
the  ovenurcf  of  the  flMmumeaty  in  which 
are  yet  founded,  iftf  two  large  porticoes, 
/allaidiefl,  inthecentfei  having  twelve 
fcetov^rture^  uA  ftparated  firom  the  im- 
pof|  co'^  arcfirtiraveby  a  cofaunn  which' 
fcib  upon  a  cupob,  leyd  wilii  the  ixii- 


poft;  ad,  two  other  porticoes,  %\to  foil* 
arched,  of  fix  feet  overture  each,  over 
which  is  a  femi>circuUr  niche,  oovere<I 
by  great  ftones  decorated  with  mouldings, 
which  anfwer  to  the  architrave.  The 
form  of  this  edifice,  to  judge  of  it  by  wb^ 
remains,  indicates  a  furtrels,  which  the 
Romans  had  ornamented  with  all  the  ele- 
gance of  architeAyrc.  Some  of  the  eon- 
noiflcnrs  imagine  it  to  have  bete  a  capitoL 
More  than  309  oMalt  of  the  bftter 
«ra  of  the  Ronian  «iiipiN^  w  high  pre^t 
fervation,  have  beea  btely  diur  op  in  the 
M^hboofhood  of  Ia4iir-lfiUi  W^V 
whichfice  the  followings 

A.D. 

117.  Tiro  medals  of  tadhf  wile  of  JBGm 
C«(ar. 

2 1% .  Two  ditto  of  FsifiMf  wile  of  Antommu. 

138.  Two  ditto  of  Ailtkmkit  emperor ;  oif  the 
reverfe  a  figure  feated  on  a  gl^e. 
There  are   four  more  mcdau  of  the 

fame  empevor,  bat  not  with  diis  device. 

161.  One  modielof  Abirat  AKttimt  jhtonam 
Fkni  on  the  leverfe  thne  figures. 

afit.  Two  medals  of  F«sflM<i,  wifeof  Marcoa 
Aurelius^  and  dM^hter  of  Antoninns. 

x8o.  One  medal  of  Oi0itm,  wifeof  the  em- 
peror Gommodus. 
The  difcoverers  of  this  new  htftorical 

treafure  have  been  invited  to  beftow  them 

towards  the  enrichment  of  the  cabinet  of 

medals  belonging  to  the  central  fchool  as 

Paris. 

[The  foUowiag  Letter,  by  ibme  accident  reachel* 
us  loo  late,  to  anpear  in  its  proper  place.] 
To  the  Editor  9/  the  Monibfy  Maiaziiu. 
SIR9 
tN  the  oolledion  of  obfcrvations  ob 
''  nitrous  acid,  now  in  the  prefs,  and  of 
which  the  firft  (and  perhaps  the  (ecood^ 
cenlury  will  appear  in  March  next,  I  Ihan 
have  the  fatisfa^ion  of  producing  evi- 
dence  from  very  various  and  diftaut  quar- 
ters. I  fhall  eive  a  fecopd  letter  from 
Mr.  Scott  of  Bombay.  The  pofirive 
evidence  is  fucb  as  appeai-s  toi>e  incapable 
of  being  invalidated  by  negative;  efpe- 
cially  as  the  fa6U  to  be  brought  forward 
will  account  to  a  certain  extent  for  the 
general  dilutes  that  are  faid  to  have  bcea 
experienced  in  fome  places.  •/ 

Some  correfpondents,  who  are  ad  van- 
ugeoufly  fituated,  have    been    obliging 
enough  u>  vary  their  trials  coafiderabiy  $• 
and  even  to  extend  them  to  gonorrhoea. 
I  am,  fir,  yours, 

CltftoKt  Jan*  1, 1798'      T.Beddoes. 

P.  S.  I  have  feen  great  fervice  from  the 
flteious  acid  In  hepatic  and  dyf.-eptic  cafes. 
^eial  fads  of  the  Came  nature  have  .bceii 
generally  f^ntioncd  to  me.  If  particuUrs 
were  tranfmittcd  to  me,  1  would  print  them 
as  an  appendix  to  the  Sipbyiitic  Colleton. 
^^  DESCRIP. 


Jnikf  HouJi.^.Ft$mIi  Natimal  bsftUuU* 


Ow. 


WSCRIPTION  OF  THE  NEW  INDI A-HOUSE  in  LEADEHHALL.JTXEET. 
(If^Uh  OH  Engravfd  Elcvalion^J 


THIS  JMMiroiiic;  cciifice,  coDilru6tc(i  un 
drf  the  Mt  dircAioo  of  R.  Jupp, 
Esf.  iftfrao  saftlo  w<^  >90  ^i^^^t  in  ien^tli. 
TIm  fvincipal  ftory  is  plsiin  funk  ruiUc, 
vith  five  cir^ui^r-^eA^cJ  windows  in  cdch 
,  wtag.  Xh«  pwtftcPi  from  a  Grecian  ex'* 
femplc  <(he  timplc  of  Mwerva  PoUa$  ac 
Fri0D4)  Upoo  tte  centre  pfihc  pedi- 
«i«u  of  th«  portk^  .will  bef»ja  emWeiQa- 
tkal  ig4He«r  Mrikmm^^h  oo  th«  ealL  Sdt 


4/^a ;  on  the  weft  fWr^/r..  On  liic  kcj- 
Ao^cs  of  the  windu^vs  of  thi:  priofiimil 
ilocy  witbin  the  portico  are  m  be  ^etdt  in 
relief^  tmbUinatical  of  the  greateft  m^^ 
io  India.  The  ftory  over  the  priocipai 
ftory  i»  neat,  and  occupied  in  the  old 
buiidki^  the  height  <rf  two  ftorics^  Thf 
whole  IS  to  be  covered  with  haodfooic 
baluQrades. 


PROCEEDINGS  OP  THE   NATIONAL  mSTITUTE 
OF  FRANCE. 

iWktfi  ^Ae  Mmoifs  ^rejentedio  the  Ihjfrtui^,  during  the  lafi  Scarier ^  commmUated 

in  ibe  Public  Sitting  of  Oa7i6/b,  1797.. 
QhA$i   OF    WoRAl    AKP    POUTICAJL         *"'       *  '        - 

$ci%ucB.    By  Davnou 


M 


ERCIEU  read  foac  ohftv^ 
vatiotti  npon  the  contents  of  the 
Pettis  Augtt/tms^  or  Mt^etm  tjf  Ffeucb 
Bhnumemi.  C&(i7ZE  LA  TovcRC 
read  a  difcourie  upon  fUMphtcal  Into- 
itfonce  aa  well  at  one  upon V%'«fi  I»- 
tolerancc  :  Toi'Lonckon,  a  me- 
moir, intitled,  The  Influence  of  a  Na- 
tifingiC^va»c<  ofd  dietetic  Repimen  Mf>on 
ibe  ppiiiical  Condition  of  fucb  Nation:  and 
Rader^^.  a   dialogue  upon    the  foI< 


The  titici  of  mm  of  genius  have  been 
given  to  thofc  in  whom  it  has  been  be- 
Fievedthat  thoueh^,  more  exerted,  more 
ftrong,  or  more  nappy,  had  fi^dde^ly  cdt 
riched  the  arts  and  the  fcience^  with 
ufefui  and  illuftrious  creations.  3ut  ba^ 
there  truly  c;[ifted  %  man  of  geniys  ? 
Merciee  has  pot  it  in  doubt;  and 
in  two  memoirs  which  he  read  to 
the  clafs^  he  expatiated  on  the  fenfe,  and 
explained  the  motives,  of  his  opinion. 

He  admits  among  the  mental  ^• 
pacities,  feofible    inKjnalitics,  very  dif- 


lowing  queftion  :  Is  tt  poffihie  to  unite, men  cemible  fliades :  he  further  acquowled^v^ 
J^  ptrfcali  in  fociefy^  tSat  tbey  have  no  that  the  fcicnces  pnd  the  arts  in  their 
oaafion  for  Chiefs   to  control  tbem^    nor    courfc  from  a^e  to  a^e  are  enlarged  and 


for  coerci*ve  Lceivs  T 

l^EVESQUE  in  an  ideological  me. 
mo>r  upon  fome  acceptations  on  the 
word  Pat^re,  did  away  the  abufes 
^yhich  arc  m'ad^  of  this  word,  in  the  three 
^ays  it  is  ufually  exprcflcd  ^^  Tb€  Matt 


perfected.  Bifcoveries  are  made,  in- 
ventionsarc  proclaimed;  but,  accord! ni^ 
to  Mercier,  they  are  never  on  a 
fuddcn,  and  therefore,  of  confequence,  no 
one  ought  to  be  confidered  as  the  Avork 
of  an   individual.     It   is  to  the    human 


^  ^aiur^f    ibe  Religion    of  Nature,  and    underftanding  he  is  willing   wc    fhouid 


natwiKl  Liw:  Man,  according  to  Lc- 
refque,  never  ceafes  to  be  tl^c  man  of 
nature.  It  is  true,  that  in  pafTmg  through 
fbe  different  periods  of  the  fecial  flate, 
)^  (ucceilfvely  acquires  the  ideas  they 
IVippofe,  ojr  infpirc  ;  but  the  progreffions 
woich  he  makes  therein,  arc  only  thofe 
which  nature  permits,  or  even  which 
^e  commands  him  to  make  at  the  pe- 
yioda  which  (he  hcrfelf  has  fixed.  1  he 
Jntelle^lual  faculties,  which-  the*  pro- 
ttcfs  proportions  to  itfclf,  at  the  dif- 
Ur«9t  ages  of  each  fociety,  were  made 
the  objeA  of  another  memoir,  wherein 


render  homage,  and  not  to  the  under, 
ftanding  of  an  individual.  That  which  we 
call  invention  is  (fays  the  author)  only 
a  fucceiiidn  of  trials  and  attempts  whici 
follow  each  other,  more  or  lels  easily  i»r 
laborioufly,  in  the  courfc  of  many  agl>  j 
and  the  man  to  whofc  name  one  is 
wont  to  attach  all  the  glory,  would  fird 
it  difficult  to  recognize  all  the  atiributL<» 
of  the  work  imputed  to  him,  or  tv^n  to 
comprehend  the  leffons  of  thofc  who  be- 
lieve tliemfclves,  and  above  alt,  call 
thcmrelve«,his  difciples. 

Among  the  cauTes  which  are  wrr^nt  to 


Tqvi-ongeon  defcan^d  in  the  way  of    exert  an  influence  upon  the  projjrefs  «>f 


r  anafxfis,  upon  fenfations  and  ideas.  He 
compact  ^he  faculties  purely  intel- 
UBual  with  thofe  of  the  fenjitive^  diftri- 
buted  over  the  furface  of  the  hniliian 
body  J  and  he  has  entered  largely  iMd 
thoie  relatipns,  which  are  found  to  exift 
t^twe^n  the  qac  and  the  other.       '^       ' 


the  human  utiderflandini;,  patslic  tn- 
ilrudion  Is,  whhout  doubt,  the  moft 
powerful.  This  has  been  the  nbjc^ 
of  a  worit  yti  Which  MeKTSi'i.t 
has  reconciled  the  vnrioos  conii6erati<m:? 
tlpttn  primary  (tiio<sK  with  thcne  hf  the 
cehtr^'llhqols.   TIk  law  and    fhc   m- 

-a    ";.'.::: .v.   :  9^^- 


1798.] 


P^icetJSttgt  ^tbe  NiiHmal  Infiituie/- 


ftniftion  dbbliibed  bj  it,  ought  to  hame 
no  cdOMftkiD  with  the  ▼arious  reKgiotti 
worftip:  Mfi«TEXt£  has  given  ^ 
thii  maxim,  tu  cxpanfion  which  was 
lerer  loTs  fiipccfluoos  than  in  the.  cir* 
cumftaoces  under  which  he  read  hk 
«cffloir.  tie  requires  that  the  inft ruc- 
tion be  direded,  above  ail,  towards  fci- 
ence,  duties,  and  manners :  he  defires 
(hat  tile  pnbtic  teachers  become  the 
gnirdiaos  of  morals,  and  that  they  per- 
form, even  in  the  heart  of  the  •countries 
ivhsfe  tlkey  may  refide,  fome  of  ^ofe 
Iciad,  ■femttiifica  Cor  the  fui^Hing  of 
which  V  the  tMnifters  of  wortln'p  weue 
^merly  called  Upon.  Continuing  to 
occupy  himfelf  about  the  central  fchools, 
M«NTEL:L£  combats  the  proje^ft  of  ef* 
^tialfy  changing  the  fyftem'of  the£t 
new  fdiools. 

DcLiLLBDE  Sal-lss  read  a  me- 
moir, entitled  Tbe  Jttrte  Ki»d$^  ©/ 
M(fialiff,  "Of  <naa,  coniidcr^id  indivi- 
dually i  coniidercd  with  relation  to  his 
•country ;  and  with  his  relation  to  irtl 
other  coumries ;  or,  as  may  be  faid,  ef 
(he  baman*  fpecics.  The  three  moinl 
•ccmitderatkHis,  among  which  bad  politic 
»1  inftitntions  have  often  eftabiifked  fi- 
<il  oppo(uions»  tend  (according  to  our 
author)  to  harmonise  together,  tocord- 
kg  as  xhitAciatJcknce  adyancestowards 
porfeftien, 

itRomtfh  law  Kmited  the  power  of 
devifing  by  will,  and  tended^above  all,  to 
■keep  women  one  of  fncccflion  j  this  was 
ailed  Foewia  Ux.  The  learned  are  not 
agreed  abo^  tile  -extent  of  the  difpo- 
fuioas  of  this  lew,  concerniog  widch 
4he  cftibtiliimettt,  or  abrogation,  mufl 
necefiarilf  June  had  ib  confiderable  an 
mflvience  apoa  fociet^,  aa  to  reoAer 
4t  worthy  of  •examtnaiion.  Bcyir- 
^RAUD,  tiler  jhaving  made  known  the 
4uthot;,andjhe  epoch  of  the  Voconian 
iav,  4|iplicil  himfelf  to  determine  ica 
chief  principle  and  to  ^ve  it*  true  fenfe. 
He  has  difcq^etrd  what  was  the  pnniili- 
mcnt  incutxcd  by  fhoCe  who  contnU^ened 
this  Iaw4  nnd  has  petnted  out  4he  di« 
'trs  modi(ioaei<;^s  sit  fttcccfflvnly  nndor- 
>vcnt,  ^ptit^t  was  entirely  abelifiie^. 

A  connrry  filled  with  ^reat  ^sents, 
;ipoo  record,  and  which  is  again  become 
the  ohie&  of « great  exp«aacioh,  Italy, 
has  furnilbed  An«ustil,  with  the 
ruUea-mnaer  of  two  memoirs.  In  the 
^r&  he  haatrented  ol  the  UiAory  and 
Chandler  of  the  diilerent  Governments 
<f  thii  faeiMDibfe  iii  dittngiiilhed  part 
«f  Eompe.  He  has  eoefidered  the  pc 
Uical  latcrefti  of  Italy  m  genenly  and 
MoiiTBtY  Mag.  3LXV1L 


of  each  of  the  particular  povrm  esiftiim 
within  her  limits.  The  fcoond  memoir 
offers  a  pidure  of  the  produ&iona  ot 
Italy,  of  her  raanufnftures,  of  her  conk* 
merce,  of  the  privileges  and  reftniim 
which  favour  or  fiiackle  it. 

Fleurieu  read,  during  fieveral  fi^ 
tings,  various  fragments  of  a  relation 
of  a  Voyage  round  the  world,  made  Jp 
i790{i79i>andi79a,byCAfT.STEPH£a^ 
M4&cHAKix,commanding  the  ihip«Sv/nir, 
fitted  out  by.  the  houfe  of  JUaux^  'Jit 
Marfeilles,  to  eftabUih  a  tmftc  in  Peltry^ 
on  the  nonh-wcft  ooaft  of  •  America.  Ip, 
an  introdu6^ioi\,  w.hich  precedes  r  the 
•narration  of  this  Voyage,  Fkurieu 
iketches  out  a  brief  biftory  of  t)ie  difctf* 
veries  in  the  northrweft  of  Americf, 
iioce  Ffi&ffANDO  Co]ite;e»  down  to 
■Stephen  Mardiand.  This  period  of  two 
,xeaiurie»  and  a  iialf^  iftolude^  the  expe>«> 
ditions  of  i^orooadn,  of  J^rakf ,  of  Fu<9, 
of  Admiral  Fuenai,  .thoT^  of  Cook,  and 
.of  Peyroufe^  .an 4  in  jhoFtc  thofc  of 
many  other  navigatom,  as.  well  Ruffian, 
Span.iih,  £nglift,  and  Anu^icaos.^  \a 
xetracing  fumnarily  the  anoieot  difoo- 
veries,  of  which  fome  were  {d«poll  for* 
gotten,  and  the  modern  nay  iptoya^  which 
^ve  extended  the  fphete  of  (oaUveKinl 
^  ifpecuiatioM,  Fkurieu  applie%.  hamrelf 
*  to  reduce  to  a  juft  iralue,*  the.  ihop^ 
which  the  firft  wex<  capable  of  jwfptniif  9 
and  the  fcuitB  which  have  been.gathenv^ 
frop  the  fecond  :  he  feeks  to  unf old^i^e 
motive  which  jbas  determined  ea^ii/ex* 
peditioi^  and  aftertnin  the  iuoee^e 
increafc  to  the  ftock  of  huvum  i^f^mr* 
ledge  which  ,has  refulted^from  them  ^  ^ 
and  thus,  tbrot^gh  this  introdu£kiop,  tne 
hiftory  of  the  difcpreries.  %o  the  apttA* 
weft  c^  Amecicil  is  iblcM^^t  m  it  w^, 
with  the.politicai  and  €ominQrcifl4  M^ 
of  Europe.  >  .  i- 

The  v^ageof  Captain*  Marcl^nq^t 
the  Ccoond  voyage  round  the  world,  un- 
dertaken and  aocompliihed  by  the  Frenc| ; 
^ntil  that  time  i^ougainviUe  had  had  an 
France  neither  t  model  nor  an  imitator. 
Fleurieu  has  coiiu>ared  this  velaMoa  with 
a  journal,  kept  oy  Chanej,  fecond  cap* 
tain  of  the  Solidiu  >ud  .  vfhot  in  the 
courfe  of  the  voyage  was  employed  in 
meonnoitniipg  the  ooaiU,  in  elevating 
plans,  and  in  afironomical  operations. 
Flearieu  has  farther  made  ufe  of  a 
journal  pf  .ftdblet,  firft  fnige^  of  the 
ihip,  bittin  working  upon  thefe  var'iooa 
memoirs,  the  author  hu  compared,  the 
recitab  which  they  coataii.  with  thene- 
htiana  publiihed  by  the  Spaniib  aid 
Sngltlk  aavipton.  Tte  «wiAclwkf» 
4  kefidin 


Tmtti&f^s  rfVit  tlilUg*  tf  Awnw,- 


u« 


B0to;  ft'tlMnNiiiBber  of  deici%>tioo»» 
Jftany  hMHioal  «n«l  geographical  difcuf- 
libift,'^ith^Iitical  ^nd  cominrrcial  ccm« 
fidtffafKibt.  In  aifaiort  ca^nA  of  a  work 
fdf  'fbis  '%xUni(i«&  ^aftBrfif  \«e.raii  ooly  mv 
pidly  trac0*the  roatc  wfasch  Captain  Mar- 
diand  took  : 

Tbc  SoRde  fee  fail  from  MarfcillM  tke 

^4^  December^  1790,  and  after  /having 

iiottbled  Cape  Bom,  pame-to  in  the  port 

'Jdadretk  Dios^  in  tbe  ifland  of  St.  ChriG 

Vna,  oneof  the  afl^  of  the  ^iMptl  die 

(Mendoei,    difovered    by   Mandana   la 

'^'595;  and  V4(ii!ed(by  Cijptain  Cook    in 

^774.  '  lo  '<iuittiDg   theie   iAoads,    and 

^akiti^  wajr  for  the  north -we  ft.  Captain 

'Marclnnd  dtfcovered,  in  thivdire^tion,  'a 

«|etond'Ardhipelago,iineil  then  unkaofiro, 

Theiite,  after  havihg  taken  apian  of  this 

^e\v  ckifter  of  ifles,  the  ihip.  run  faefote 

tbe  ivivd  lowapda  the  north^weft  coaft, 

'tedthey  ali€hoctd(in  the  Bay  of  Guada 

^hpa  dis  B^agnelU^   stmed  fuicc  .hv  the 

•£|ighft|  iftfrjwi  'hay^  ^acd  a  traffic  for 

f  ftins  ^nd  furs  ^^vas  entered  into««  Tbe^- 

'-Xdeiitxt  vifited  (^en  Cbarluiu  Ijimds, 

'tlO'^ich  tlitt  £nglil|i  baveraddcd  alfo  this 

*l)asne,  tih^oilgh  rcyoroiife  niado  the  -firft 

^difbov^fy  of  it  in  1786,    Thcfcafonw^s 

*iMb  farsdYanccdfor  Ca^itainrMapchand'to 

*<a»tit^utf  to  n^oontthc  i:oaAof  America. 

^e  'rcn^vedtogoto'Ohi&a:  after  ha vieg 

<^<bd^«lhi%ug^4he' Saadwioh  libadsiand 

4Re^'j^0i<p  ^  'Miriaime/Jdca,  be  Ut  go 

''Ae-Mfdtor-at-Micaou    ...  .. 

" '  •.A»**fmpertahadift  had  jiift.  prohjbhtd 

^tfie'i)Htt>dio€tion  >«f  fars  lOisCbAua:  .J;^c 

*%iil^off^U(Ki^to.reilbuiHte  ebe-jdcfr^nof 

^  {Mcfiii!^il|^ttt<hcitf  rgo'f orthe'ai0Rhandi^ 

^if  lAfia.    4^  after  having-  repaired  aa d 

'ViRt^hid  the  'fliipi  . Captain  MarohaAd 

•VftK^himfclf^ytbt  XMBauiif/Qq//i«iyaoil 

il>yMf^dfe«f  fbe^^MM^  10  the  jion  inithe 

nonh*weft    (idt  of  the  IjU,  qeiFnaue, 

'Thetc*%c  Itt  ^he^i*w>«ej^"foroe  r<;- 

-^bferiHirOf  dumg'thinevnrnlonciiB  and  a  • 

'  fiflflf,  Afd'ke^t  the^1iea,>and  had  btien  hut . 

*^tliftf^yil#y8ln(hai«bourAlLctet  lifftie.  The 

^Sblide:  Itft  t!ie  He  dc  rmace  the  itrh^of ' 

*:AfT\\,'rf^tt  toudhed  at  the/  I^od  of  -St. 

?felena'thc»4th6f-jtinef«t>d,9ii  the  j^th  - 

*i^  Augufti^  call  anchor  in  the  road  *of 

''Tonlon.    • 

'  This  ^yageia  fttnarkabkfbr  lOiie 
1koftne&'  of-  tiUke  the  Soiidc  Aook  up  .in 
^tMkhfg  tbc'  te«r  voond  th»i^oridy  in  <ak. 
'9ibg^tkerVoiite^1)2^  Cap&Hoh),  trndanakd^g 
^r*tettlrflrbfChtiia.  The  darktaQn^iof 
^h^t^yige  ^vtsbrtty^e^ dafs,«and:cirn 
'^My  448$"^  «V9  t^narthedtye  peflWiiin 
^fiarbtmr  ^d'-fhe  (pace  mn  over,  is  I4,ss8 
«^a^itfigtt%6f' ir  18,0^0 '^cgpniBDa  tcagiiks. 


it  n  farther  «q  be  ttfluftked*  that  in.rhf 
eourfc  of  twenty  tnontha,  iii|he  aid^of 
littgiies  and  privations, jnlbpaiUble  ffom 
an -exipedittoo  df  this  nacres  travecjiQg 
ail  •  thexlimates,  e«periencil|g  alt  the  va« 
viations  of  the  temp»ratwr6,>the  Solideoat 
of  fifty  men,  whioi  ttompoTed  her  fliip  a 
caPjBw,  loft  only  ooe  •ci]^n,  who  died  .in  I 
&t  of  apoplexy.  .     . 

It  became  necijfi^ry  to  awaken  the  at* 

temion  of  the  French  navignton  tQ  the 

ufe,    too  much  neglected  among  then), 

-Of.aftronomic/n^ecliods.     This  rflacion, 

Avhich  the  prefs  is  going  to  render  .pu\)- 

lie,  will  ihow  them  that  it  is.to|he.oou- 

'^ant  employment  of  the  eia£b  methodc, 

.adopted  by  Captains  ^aithtiid ai\d  Cba- 

-naU'that   tlwy   owe  tbc  /afety  of  their 

.fottrfes^  the  iGhortnc&  of  their  voyage,  aod 

the  advanuge  of  making' Und  with  pre* 

•eifionUpon  thofe.  points  which  -  they.de- 

'jigaed  totouchat. 

QOLLkGB   Of   FAimC^. 

.On  tlie  x$thof  N<>vember  kft,  this  ib- 
I'fiitution  opened  itsreourfe.  pf.  ftudy,  in 
.  tbep^eieBce  of  the  mioifter^of  the  hone 
<  ^kjpanmenr,  the  greyer  part  of  the  fo. 
reign  mini^fts,  and  m  full  aiIcf»Uage  uf 
fpedator^. 

. ,  The  fTtring  was  oponct)  by  Foifibnnier, 

-4NluLp>«ioiiBct'd  an>«uii»g«^nvon  this  aa- 

fient  ^iyium  of  the^c)^c^j»^  which,  fince 

the  time  of  Francis  1,  Uhi  coaftantjiy  pro- 

•<il«c«d  great  men,  atfd  wbicb,  life*  ^rock» 

'  sl^ya  immoviibic  4unid  tha  |lorm$  and 

JvmptAs  of  the  revpliitktny  baa  iurvived 

jJiii&aitn  of  all  ihc  other. ef^ablUbtnents. 

-  .  Xfllandc  pnocfeded^vi  dflCcsibe  the  fnu- 
.:atMB  of  che.exa€tr<:;iejtt(e9y  thcii:  progrcfs, 

the  drfcoveries  made .  in,r^yiH  -aiid  tbe 
"laboura  of  karived  and  fciAo^i^  men  dux- 
.  ing. the  laft. years  ,     ^ 

• .  ..ffrau^Qis^airiftedyhy  hVsAvifie^  Lalande'i 
.(iaacc,  obQ^cved,  during-. Mie     ^ft.   year, 

6^oo«»alcw, Aars,  which^b(iy^  clie  oombcr 
•Y«>f>ahii<*e  i^therto  «»hrerv»$l..  tp,  4ia,70'j. 

•'jEktietaltonomersitruil.  tibiLt   they  wil 

-  J&Mmipc>gtM»^AO  carry  themi  to  ^cvocc. 
.A  new,  cqmcc'dif'io^'tf^d    t4iis  .year, 

< brings  xo.  ninety  tkn  nnnsber  of  thafe 
-M^hme  orbltahave  he^  faUaijjiuii]  up  to 

thi^  time.   Tables  of  the  cm>oii,  publiihed 

by  Belaplace,  and  an  analyAA  «if  ^He?  ^reat 
.  laUoors.eaccuftad  to  complete  the  xncafure 

of  the  earthy  make  up  rhe  iavemory  or 

Mlrdaomical  «cqnifitions. . 
'A  letter  from  •  Buonap»>H(;   fto.  L^alande 

was  read*.  In  this  k«ier»f  ^e  g^efalar- 
*fofe»  btmt'fihat  th^fnad^of  jth«  «lgiMiety*of 
tVerana <wiilt  be  rtf^e AedyAnU  itlv*|,  its ^b- 

if  rvnioc}', « damaged  by ;  the.  >oiiiyb^eil>, 

viil  «i»e* repaired.    Buoflaparke   r/archrr 


^0r]         lycmt^  F^rtigMttu  ^  ^  ^  fJs9»Sukii£afins. 


St* 


torn  rfitt  he  hM  tsatie  9  prt^nt  of  an 
adrcnsmkal  clock  to  the  focicty  of 
Hfilan. 

The  foHowiD|j  piecc*s  were  read.  A' 
l)iflerUtion  on  fte  Adcicnt  Nation  of  the 
ArcadiaAS,  b>  Du|>uj(:«  A  Fragment  on 
Xenopbon,  by  Gal!.  A  Trcatile,  by 
CdfiOk  OS  the  Aichncrs|.,Copiourner«j 
aod  Advantages  of  the  Greek  laDgnagCc 
Aootiicr,  h%  BocqniUoiii/on  the  'Greek 
and  Latin  Langliagres.  A  Bifcourfe,  by 
Coofifi,  on  Education,  and  Kep^blicaik 
Inftitttiions.  And,  laftly,  a  Poem,  by 
Gournand,  6r\  the  FouT  Seafons  of  Life. 

Lahnde  clofed  tl^e  fitting)  by  paying  ^ 
^dUic  tribute  of  gratitude  to  the  great 
icn ices  rendered  to  the  learned  this  ye^r, 
by  the  Prince  jqf  Ps^*i  and  the  Portu- 
Eutfe  amb^^fiadori  and  to  their  zc^l  \n  the 
rarcheranoeof  chefr:ienca«,  . 

On  the  lift  of  November  hft,  this  foci« 
etf  opened  its  fsttlngi.  Th«  twilb  to  revitc 
the  acts  and  ind^llry,  to  excite  emulatioa, 
2nd  more  efpccially,  to  offer  jefources  to 
literature,  has  deteTmincd  the  adrniniftra* 
lion  rg  make  new  facrifices.  To  obtain 
(heft:  objcds,  it  has  coniidcted  that  a 
fociety  of  the  moft  difl  ingulfed  literary 
ZDea^  uoiud  to  the  diifcf94t  profeiTorsf 


who    have  fecured'tii^  A?ccc&  of  ibjs 
elbbli'fcme'nk, 'would  concu|?%ccdSM^ 
and  bcftbw'  oh  h  anew^liiftfe."  A  Com* 
mlttee  of  Kferriturc  will  accordirig;Iy  b^  . 
efpccially  cjiargtfd  tb  examine  the  works 
i^hich  authosfi  Vtril^bo  invited  to  f^nd  to 
the  Lyceum.  *  Thf irgces  whidi  %ail  )m 
awpfoycd    by   the   Committee,    will  be. 
read  each  decadc^in  the  courfc  of  every 
tea  da^s)  id   a  i»ttlng  fef  ftfide  f>v  th«t' 
purpofe.    At  the  comiirencemdnt  of^eadi  * 
half  year,  a  fuhjeft  fop  a  profc  difcourfe- 
will  be  propofed,  and  the  prize  diftribut^d 
in  tht  eourfe  df  the  half  year.    Tbe'au- 
t+iors  whofe   prodo Wons   (half  be  tei^ 
three  times  at  the  Lyceum,  will  be  pre-  » 
fmted  with  an  admiiGon  for  the  feaf(W|« 
Thofe  who  (hall  have  obtained  a  prizc^. 
will  h^ve  a  perpetual  adroiitioa  as  cnqmr 
Ijers  of  the  fo^iety-     In  the firft  qaartedf 
eourus^  the  following  fu^ed^s  will  bf 
treated ;    Treatise   on  Ejra:  Poetry^  hf 
Mezorer.    Compteve  Cotarffr  of  Experi* 
metital  Philofophy,  by  Duboiff.    Coiirfe 
of  Moral  Phiklopky,  by  Demodftier-   I|^. 
tftch  decade  there  will  be  befides,  tw» 
tircles  fct  afidtf  for  mufie'and  dancinjr. 
Tho    reading-room  ^lll  be'  abuttdanthr 
(lipplie^l  with  journ^U,  periodical  publica- 
tions, and  the  xnofi  intefedin^  p^mptileu^ 


A  CORRECT  UST  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIOj^Ji 

thehllyunng  h  tffered  to  ibe  Public  as  a  compteu  LJi  cf  all  PMiigtiwi  withm  the 
mantb, — AHtbors  andPubliJben  who  (Ufire  a  CQn^li  and  tarty  Hotice  of  tbcirl^cri^t^e 
intreatcd  to  tranffrnt  copies  ofthejojne* 


LECTURE3  po  /^rooofnyy  by  Margnrit 
.      ^7"*.  of  M«rc;;i»e#  4W.  jpUftw,  lU  ft 

I'  b:<ari|j.    recomiyea^Qd  by  Dr.  Hutton,  of 

C«»Mta7aT   #N|I    VtXrVL  ARTS. 

Ohficfva'ion$.pmbe  various  Syfteni  of  Ca- 
^  i^-^y*tM^H    by  H^UltMm  Ckapmn,  4:0. 

T^  Coffee    Planter  of  St.  Domingo,  with 
»  AppMdtc.  ODsCitnipg  a  Vfcvr  bf  th«  Con- 
■"(uOoD,   Governnienr,   i^wa,  and  Sute  «f 
tftii  CoJpoy,  prtfimAf  lo  rh^year  1789, 
P'  J.  Laborie,    boards,    los.    6d.   with 
l^e»«  C3ade)l  and  Davis. 

nRAMA. 

Tbe  Caftle  Spt«i«,  in  five  a^ls,  by  M.  G. 
*^i,  K.P.   II.  BeJI. 

The  BeautM^tff  H>«W*  hT  ^  Af*  ^^^t 
*A. «bri4gje4 mt«Me;vriki9«t satBo, r^i.  (d. 

^ticfi-  r^*M» 

Tbe  Youth's  infallible  Msriftoiy^Mllrking 
»*»«  4  flferent  de^rcft  •f  tMrerature  necefTary  to 


Tbe  Caxidid  Friend  ;  addreiTed  to  a  to^i^ 
Oentieman,  being  Inftru4ftiona  tohtjQonfin* 
teiing  Life,  is.  6d.  bound*  Lqwc^ 

Difc»ur*  fur  P Article,  cbrnpoTe pour  PBcolt 
dM  Meffic'.rs  Strahan^,  i  Enfield^  &  ludant 
tine  Society  <fe  Oens  de  Le^ei;  ))ar'^ilJL 
VAhhidt  L/fmae,  .  Dulan  and  Cd. 

The  7*uih'«  "MHcellany;  or,  a  Fadier'a 
Qtft  to  hit  Chitdren,  by  JK  AiiMr,  LI4&.  is. 

Ncwbcf^. 

OaoORArHVv 

A  general  Yicw  pf  the  Scale  of  PornigaL 

by     cont  iaing  a  tupographieal  Dcfcription  Thereof 

11  *   aad    includiog  an  Account  of  '^the  phy/jcal  ao  j 

moral  Stdfe  ef  the  Kingdom,  by  Jama  Maa^ 

pfy,  royal  419.  13  plates,  ays.  boardf. 

Cadellijdihvfei. 
HisToat. 
MemdiY  of  tht  ftoufe  of  Mtdici,  from  itt 
Origin  89  the  piarh  0^  Innctfto  the  ^coi^ 
C/an4  Dok«^  of  Tufeony,  «od  of  thp  g^ie 
^MeowSio  AovMtti  in  Taican^  wtibin^hli^K 
period ;  tcan/lato4^fri«i  ihe  Ftcnch  of  M'.  T^«* 
iiov^  .with  9otca  Olid  Obfe; v^^ions,  by  % 


!• 


U% 


XaJI  if  Kt»  Pti^tttiim  in'  JUaimrj. 


•fja 


14W. 

ItMBU  qI  Cifiet  argued  M  d^termfoeii  iir 

t!»b  CourU  of  Commoa  Plea«  and  Exchequer. 

C^ambcTy  in  E^fter.ind  Trinity  Termsi  1797V 

by  7.  B,  Mfftajuet^^kod  C  .tulkr^'  5s. 

♦    *  .  Bu'tvr'virortlu 

^A  Difrft  ©f  t!m  A^  pf  .■  P.vHamtnt  for 

ralfinc  tha  PronrtfibnaPCavaky,  by  £.  fUfwIl^ 

XS.  Hatcbard.' 

'      A  Treatiie  on  Leccbes,  wherein  t}i«  prop^r- 
i^f  iife«   ^c.  of  that  valuaUcr  rqitile  is  dear-' 
ly.  ki  Ml,  by  Gfci^r  7il0r«,»  ts.  6d. 
i  .      .  Symeodu 

A  nem  Edition  vf  Dr.  /TtfASt  on  (fce  Art  of 
fveventiog  DtfeaCet  and  reftonng  Hcakk,  with 
conltqeiabit  Aftp^tioiis^.and  Additionsy  79.  6d« 
f»ouni.  Robhi(on. 

KQcbiriinQik  Syphillucura  ;  or,  DircAlon.?  fov 
tlw  domeftictre»taient,of  Vener«ai  Complaint^ 
Iff  A.  F.  fmcAMM,  M.D.  as.  6d.  Callow. 

^AaEilay  otttfat  Gour,  wiih  a  candid  Exa- 
ia«iuUoni»  &c.  of  Dr.  Lratham's  Principles,  by 
QmifH^^Uy  M.rD.  &c.  4s.-        Robinfons. 

A  Ledufc  inrrodtidary  to  a  Cour(e  of  Popu- 
lar InftniAion  00  tbb  Conftitudon  and  Manage-* 
mrnt  of  tbe  Human  fiody;^  hy  'Jtkmat  Bt^Utn, 
M.D,  Svo.  ts.6d.  Johnfon^ 

•    HVTAftfYVTCab 

.  l£laiitntt  of  eke  Critical.  Pbilofefhy,  coi»- 
taintng  a  coonfe  Apeonnt  «f  itt  CMgin  and 
'f  endeney  |  a  View  of  aH  rbo  Works  of  its 
Foutidep^  KsMt  s  and  a  Qlodary  for  the  Sx-> 
pbnation  of  Terms  and  Phrafei.  To  whacb 
are  added,  three  Philologicat  £fl'.ty^  from  the 
Oerman^f  J.  CSMth^ng,  hjAF.U.  mi. 
ikif  M.u.   Svo.  6s.  boards.  Loogman. 

MlSCHLLANXES. 

'The  poftbumow  #orksof  tXi  AitAorofm 
VmScatiw  of  the  Rigkti  of  Woman^  containing 
the  Wrongs  o!:"Womanv  a  Fragment  j  Letters, 
ind  Miiceliancous  Picc(?s»  in  4  vols.  14s.  i« 
beards.  Alfo^  in  z  vol.  Came  fixe,  price  5s.  6d« 
with  a  portrait, by  Opio  and  Heatl^  Memoirs  of 
the  Autbpr,  by  l^jlCuim  God'wuu  JohYiftws. 

A  luw  cditiun  oC  Keacfley*s  Annual  Tax 
•fables,  rod. 
*    'Thc^^ijs  on  ibe  N«<)eAt)t  of  Moral  Dif. 

.  cxpVhc'  91  Pnloni,.  by  TAciMr  Boutin,' U,A. 

,  "v,     ^  Rivingtons. 

TheJKcot>qn>iAV>.  or,  fnglilbman's  Maga- 
lip-,  %.  I.  for  January,  179SJ  prica  ibrte 
baifpeocc,  or  a  50  for  il.  is. 
^  Ridgwajr'J  Annual  Towwi  Guide,  or  Com«- 
|»r«te  Kcgifttr  of  Taxes,  to  the  8rh  of  Fe- 
bruary, .i^98rcontainAn^  a -tJoprtott  ALftna 
nf-er^rxClaufo  in  the  Affcflei  Tax  Muftmli. 
cation  Aft,  6d.    .  Rit»gway. 

' ;..  f  ^?  5^'  Ager,  «pg«|^«r  ?t»iiH  tEAy<  on 
vrVMSobjeasa  hf  If  UH^^y mi/hi.  tL  of 

.^A-tc^Ejjp.ys.. boards,    :       Ca<k4l  aad^Cir. 

'iJ^A  C*!W^  o^  'Bo6k$  fl9ir  ')«  Sntei  by 

^-»*»ai  iViyaf,  bookf«n«r,  xt.     .  -v  . 

Ke]igjou«andPhiJanthtcFpic  Trafts> -addreflV 

W  to  ^iepdlyj|qv«,r,,;>^  j^^  Owe,  M.Ap 

tfcar  o^SflpbtJry,  Ti^.  6<i,  'MbM 


.  A  new  editidn  0^  fferaldiy  ^  mnixoic^ 
js,  fcw^d.  '.  '  '    »    ^   ?*l»  j^-* 

The  Mafqueradc  ;  or,  i  Cofteffion  of  Kev 
Entsma^,  JUgogriphs,  Aec  dire,  td.'  H,  a>n* 
taining  the  Solur'u«t  of  vol.  \,  to  be  continuei 
aonu.:lly,  is.  6d.  l^^^^'* 

An  Economical  'and  .  WeV  "^'TOthod  of 
Cookery  5  dercribing  abovfc  So  Cheaf),  whole 
fcmr,  and  natritive  t^llheSt  by  £w  Mehoti 
as.  6d.  Chappie, 

EciieTmes  Nauvellc  &  "Royale^  *i  Almanaa 
Hiftoriquc,  Piilitique,  &  L  tr^raire,  poor  TAa 
>79»  de  la  Naiflance  de  J.  C.  it  poUt  VAo  fr 
du  Regnc  de  Roberfpierre  ft  de  f A  Soccef* 
feurs,)  par  M.  V    ■■■  ,  tu         Dulan  and  Cto. 

Cunfiderations  on  the  original  and  propw 
Ol)jf<Fls  of  *e  Royal  flofpital  of  Bridtwell, 
addreilcd  to  the  Covftnois,  by  H^J^»  ^^^ 
difigton,  Zt^.  tt.&L  /  R'^ybgtoos. 

MlLlTAaV    Xitt    HAVAt"  AtPAItl. 

•  The  Monthly  Army  Uft,  fer  Febmaiy, 
with  CorreAlons  (to  fbe  hft  Mbotb,'  and  wUh 
.the  prefent  Head  QsarieKs  of  every  Reginenc 
el  the  Regulars,  the  Fendbles»  and  the  Mili- 
tia ;  in  the  nunaif  of  Sm^^«  Ijf^  cf  t^  Kavj^ 
\u  HooUum  and  Carpcater* 

NATO&AL  T^TLOSOy»t,    4e. 

A^  Near  Syfteai  of  Phydology,  compre* 
lending  the  Law  by  which  Animated  Beings 
in  generali  and  the  Human  Species  in  particu- 
far,  are  ^eroed,  in  the  Yarions  States  oC 
Health  and  Difeafe,  by  it,  Sommtm^  furgeoo 
to  Ihe  Magdakn  Hofpiul|  i  vols*  Svo.  boardi| 
14s.  Cox. 

EiTays  on  the  Microfcope,  bf  the  late 
George  Aitm^  the  feeond  editioo,  jrith  coo- 
flderable  Adkntjom  and  Imprevemetltt,  by 
Vndtnek  Ktutmacker^  fellow  of  tbe  Linndeao 
Society,  4to.  %%  plates,  sSs.  Jone«. 

'  Geometrical  and  Graphical  £(&y9,  contain- 
ing general  Defaiption  of  the  Mathematical 
InKhiments  uCed  in  Geometry,  Surveying,  &c. 
ftc.  Second  Edition^  odiredked  and  enlarged^ 
by  IK  Jwit^  %  volt.  Svo.  141.  Jone*. 

Tlic  Caftle  on  the  Rock}  or,  Menaoirr  ef 
the  Elderlikid  Family,  by  the  Ahhtr  ofDerwnt 
Fntty^  3  vols.  tot.  M:  boaidi.  Syroonds. 

Ettf'Me,  by  M:  dt  Fknmm^  tnuaflated  bf 
Mrs.  S.  Cummyngf  %  vols.  lamo.  5s.  boards. 

Writbt. 

Parental  Dupficitv;  6r,  tha  Power  of  Antji 
lice,  a  Kovel,  lOt,  td..  Kear^eyi 

Miliftina ;  or,  theDanUe  Iateraft»^  vofs.St. 

r  Lowd 

The  Heir  of'  Montagde,  3  volt.  lot.  <l 

fewed.  '    '  Laat 

rniLoi.oinr« 

EITEA    HTEPOENTA;    or,  the    Divetfiod 

of  Purley,  hy  J.  Horm'TUki^  KM.  formerlj 

«f  3t.J(4in«s  College,  Cambitdge,  |Mibli&d 

tiy  Subfcripdon,  In  t  volt. '410.  price  al.m 

—•The  Firft  Volume  a  now  ready  to  be  ddl 

vercdtoSul^ficHbef^^  J  Jolin^ 

•    YobHt.  J 

'  ThefotemUad-i  mt^pic Pom, <m th4X3fl 

dPvery  ctf  Aoierica  and  tb«-WnftIfl^(ea»  I 

Ciduaibi 


»79ll 


tJft  rfHiW  fui&Mim  in  Janu^rj^ 


6i 


Cilunhy  IgpnVf  books,  by  the  R«v. 
IW-boird*         RWiftg^oiW. 


/.X.A6«ijh«Vo.  259.  boardSj      ^  RiYiftg^oiW, 

Aa  Mr  10  the  Mefliai)rDf  fUc  AiTlMii. 

£.  BuHbf  by  the  Rev.  /.  C.  £^<r,  4r9.  11^ 


Rivingtoni. 

^Ifaiclci,  91  ScacoiMM.  Prise  Poes,  hy 
Wm^ftUaad^iaJk.  IS.  RivingVinfl. 

Iniin!  iotititfe%  P;fft  the  Firft,  or»  a  )7ur- 
lbic4ll&yjpn  the  Vo^Xty  of  the  e«iriier  Ages, 
tith  an  Appendix,  tvo.  i  s.  6<t.        Ri  vhtgcons^ 

Thf  f  ra|rel«  of  Satire  x  an  EiTay  in.  Vrrfe, 
vith  Wocts^  cobtaioin^  Reniarki  oft  t^e  Pur- 
bits  of  Ucerature,  M.6d.  BeU. 

the  InviociWc  I0an4  with.  ihirotfuAiTe 
OUiinraeioii*  00  the  Present  Wai,  by  Piravtl 
&xiiU^Svo.M.  Clarke 

Aa  £pkle  Itain  I^  Grange  to  £.  P  ■  ■» 
£^.  vrii^  «luriqg  her  CooiinefAeiit  in  the 
iibnd  oT  iSf.  Kikia,  as.  CadeU  h  Davies. 

Tiie  W^ng  Voice  ! ! !  is.        Cawtboro. 

The  OroK,  a  Satire,.  3».  Weftley. 

Naaoatia,  or  Haval  Domioloa,  by  H.  /. 
'/'.Hit.  5*.  Nicol. 

The  UcHtjadi  oc  Stii^res  on  the  priocipal 
Pirfororrs  of  Dritfy-JLane  TheaCre»  a  Satire. 
RichardfoQS^ 

POLITICS. 

The  Cafe  of  the  People  of  Eogiand,  ad- 
^TpfTedto  the  Lives-and-Fortune-Mcn,  both  in 
tni  out  of  fhe  Houfe  of  Comnaons,  at  a 
(^nwjui  of  Natiooal  Thank4|;iTingy  by  One  ^ 
^   So^OOO  mcorrigthU  Juohim^   is*    6d. 

WelHey. 

Mr.  Harper*!  ObferYattoiM  on  the  DHpute 
betvcea  Che  Uoated  Suces  nd  France. 

Debrett. 

The  P^Kameatary  Rcgiflcr»  No.  I  b)  VI  U» 
fctce  ts.  each,  of  the  Prefinc  Sefiibns..  Debrrtc. 

A  Utter  to  the  United  Parochial  Com- 
nuttres  appointed  to  oppofe  the  AflciTed  Ta« 
Biil»  by  a  h^mdm  Bcufehlitr^  3d. 

Evans  and  Bone. 

A  General  View  of  a  Plan  of  uoivrffal  and 
•fulTaxatWB,  6d.  CadeU  and0avies. 

An  accurate  Lift  Of.  the  Members  of  the 
HouTr  of  Commonsy  who  voted  on  Mr.  Pittas 
AiIit:ftBd  Tax  Multiplicatk>n  BiU|  with  their 
Rcaibns  for  (iipporting  it :  a)fu»  a  Lift  of  the 
Miooriryi  and  a  General  Lift  of  tbofe  Mem* 
ben  who  hold  Places  and  Appoiotmeots  undev 
€oremoieot,6d.  or  200  Copies,  2I.  Kidgway. 

Journal  Hillorique  jc  Pulitu^ue,  4e  TAd* 
ninlftraiion  de  la  R^publ-^nc  Fran^ifc*  per- 
daw  rAnnoe  *797,  piar  Sir  Trunch  itrvtrpoit^ 
5<«  Eimfly  ic  Bremmer. 

Anaiyfc  fur  la  JiifUce  du  Commerce  du 
Rachet  des  ETcIaves  de  la  C6^  d'Airique,  par 
f.  /.  de  Cu^dA  da  AzATtido  tQmnnJk  Ptn^Uf 
SB-  DuUu  ir  Co. 

The  eloquent  and  istenifting  Speech  of  Che 
R(.  Hon.  C  7.  Fox,,  on  the  tbird  reading  of 
the  Aaefl^TasBiU».6d.   '  i      jordaa. 

A  LfCter  to  the  fiarl  pf  Warwick  on  big 
Oppofitioa'  0  the  iLeiolutiopt  ^f^fike:  laka« 
hititts  of  Warwick;  .^nA  tiie  AflCefled  TliS 
W,  6d.'    •      ^^„  r  johnCoe^ 

-  A  Lttt^  6i  ^i  frefent    M^afur^    of 
Hamotf  4A  whieh'/Ihe  3lU  mw  depfpdii^  la 


Parfiament  is  particularly  cedUeredi  by  the 
^ioflaudtrdale,  IS.  6d.         .  ^     •  Debrett; 

PiDpoTals  for  liquFdithig  Safy-^ftY  M9Koo^ 
&c.  of  the  3  per  cents,  by  converting  fhe  Laritt 
Taa  into  a  pcrmaoent  Aiintiity»  is.      Wpght. 

PropofiUs  of  t  SiiMBtute  for  Funding  m 
time  of  War,  by  Joht  Friiifip.  Debreit. 

The  JdcobUl's  Laneniatkxi*;  or^'Utt  F^mt 
too  Rich!  ri.  'HstcbeiA 

The  PattioC's  Fockee  CeqiipeBiflii  for  1798* 
n.'8d.  Williant, 

.  Tk<U  Lettres  1  ttiy  Lord  *•*,  fuir  ks  Af- 
faires de  Pays-Bas«  L'Homnie.' 

An  Addrefs  to  the  Rt  Hon.  W.  Pitt,  occa-* 
fioncd  by  his  Fropofal  of  the  Triple  AlTeff- 
jnenr,  is:  Beckett. 

The  TTnrd  Report  of  the  Society  for  better- 
tog  the  Condiiiaii  of  thv  Poor,  <>•      Beckett. 

Emigration  ID  America,  candidly  confideiedy 
in  a  Series  of  Letters  from  a  Gentleman,  refi. 
dent  there,  to  bis  Friend  ta  fioghuad,  xc.  6d. 


Memoiret  pour  lervar  i  V'Hiftoite  du  Jaeo* 
binifme,  par  i'Ahi/MsrrMl,  tuae  3,  «.  boards. 

TSXO&OOV. 

A  Sermon  defivered  at  Flwidence  Cbepel^ 
OR  Dec.  19, 1797,  by  W^,  BmtiMgttg,  S.S.  is. 

A  Sermon,  e»  tke  toe*y»  by  tbe  Rev. 
Edm.  P^abitr^  is.  Cadeli  *  Ce. 

rifty«OBe  SetSMMM  by  the  iate  Revr  Jbcienf 
Su/tigate^  with  a  Biqpepbacsl  PreCsw  by  Cie. 
OrAia,  D.D.  %  vds.  las.  bdk        E^ivrngtooe. 

Three  Letters  addrefled  to  tbe  Readers  ti 
Paine^f  Age  of  Reafon,  by  O-.tftke  Pe^ 
t^hdCM^'tfiimut  6d.  Daitoi^  A  Htrvey. 

TI1C  Dsty  of  Tbank^vtng?  a  Sermon 
preecksd  at  tbe  FeuadUog  Hafpical»  Dec.  19* 
1797,  being  the  Day  appokited  fcraCenenl 
ThankCgiviiig,  by  the  Rev.  Jokm  BewUtt, 
B.D.  moDUBg-pfcacher  Co  Ike  iM  Charity, 
^o.  IS.  Johnfon, 

A  Sermon  preached  ia  the  Parilb  Chur^ 
of  Swindon,  at  the  Vifitatioe,  and  pubUfhed 
at  the  ffequcffc.of  the  Rev.  jtHAv  <UAmt  A.M. 
by  the  Rev.  /.  tfem,  AM.  is.      Rivingtons. 

A  Sermon  00  the  late  Tbaftfcf^viag,  by  . 
the  Keir.  J.  T.  Ut^ktntt  is.       Rivkigtobs, 

A  Sermon,  on  the.  fame,  occalion,  by  .^ 
Rev.  ff^.  G^odit  A.M.  IS.  Rivingtonv 

A  Charge  delivered  to  the  Clergy  of  the 
Diocele  of  Durhain,  In  I797>  hy  5«8M, 
Mykofi  if  DmrMsm,  4(0.  ts.— Svo.  xs. 

RtvingtOtis'. 

The  Duty  of  Thaakfgtviog  fer  IVakiooal 
BleOiegs,  a  SersKMi  00  ibe  g9tb  of  Decesiik#; 
by  fr,  ACawoF,  M«-I>*.M.       .    -  RivfBgt«k. 

VOYAGES,  jEAV'LSs  ^C« 

A  Ske^  of  jBot^em  Franoti  iiir«  Stnbstrflf 
Letters  to  a  fjdy  .of  fdStdonf^^ynjv^rti^ 
1796  aad  k797,  dutlpg  aTourthroiid^.{^an««» 

by  a  L«f>,  edjt^  fty '  t^- '  L  ^m»  Xl.X). 

FJl.S«8s.bds.   •  1  '9aMi.Dayiff. 

;33^veb.4D'ih^9«eSbffldrirnd  fi^nie  PaK» 
Hf  the  Afenidoes,  emaflbfed  Mui  thb  ht\g\h)t\ 
JNIaa  of.theAbbe-La^eaib'^JIIn^^*]!. 
toll*  Ito^  Mb  S  tf *P1MM  tl  ft- ^ Aobiofenl. 
^^  ^  RiVttW 


rr^tlKYIEW  or  NEW  MUSICAL  l^UBtilCAtlOKS. 


fird  diibbi  miei/'  it  ftrotogly  thtraAenftic* 
^vAf  in  fomc  pans,  conveys  the  fehfe  of 
»f)a»ic  ^ImiMfaidiBaA  The  Muftc  vSith  the  words  fo  erophaticaliy,  that  cb^  audi- 
.  ^m.  A«ioajpamment  for  the  Piana-l^ortff  wr  may  fay,  in  the  language  of  Mcufta* 
j  coapofed  by  RtgimSid  S^nfirfk,   Vrioe  ^t.  ^d.     fit^  hitnf^lf, 

Longman  and  Br^nf ;     •  «        w  L^aure  clic  aTcoIfO  |ntonj9 


•*  ThdTtvcTfthCaU^'  is'foYtrt<d  ch  * 

*p!ah  cfttifcly  novel.    Jhc  fon»%  afiS  pet^ 

fcftW  nppfopriati!  ro  the'o^iiipo,  \viucH 

fatnilh^s  the  ihlc  of  ibre  work,  audi  arfl^ 

'fiviittcQ  in  clue  ffveral  f:hara'dcrs'  of  kin^, 

cmcen,!  failor\  wifjp^a.matckk-girl,  S'lnoni 

Pure,    a   b^llad-fingtr,.   aftd    haritquin. 

There  ckaca^rsi  gtmcraUy  fpesking,  aP0 

fup|>6raed  wkh-fodgniciie,  aiK3  <it  tbeftfRfQ^ 

liraev  pi^rent  to  us  familiar  but  pUafing 

aif».    Thir  infrodui^bn  "corififts  df  twQ 

if»ovemetitk»  H  |>ufcTy  infhumehta?,  aYidt 

*ay  be  confidcred   as  a  (hort  overture. 

The  ifirale  is  a  j^hbr^^  and  concludes  <he 


**  Mi  fanh6pa1p!t4{. 

Xh^  Genealogy  «f  the  Mtlfli  Kto^,  IndttSng 

..  the   Heptarchy;  CMn^M  by  T.    jfttttfOoJ, 

The  Woids  written  by  G.  Stvflld'Orey.  Pri.e 

.3».  6d.  •  Leiigttn  and  Biodcrip. 

This  j*rodu^ion  is  profefledl^  com- 
^fed  fer  the  laudable  purpose  of  tnprcfT- 
ing  «n  the  memory  of  youth,  by  the  at- 
traction of  new  aud  fucaifive  inekdiesy 
the  tin  port  ant  and  i  mere  (ling  fub^eft  of 
Eugiifli  Hiftory.  To  uYidertafcifigs  of  this 
nature,  under  whatever  form  they  appear, 
ve  cannot  but  avow  ourfelves  to  be  the 
zealous  friends.    But  furcly,  the   obje£l 


pr(5du^ion  wi(K:a  fpi^tcd  apd  pleafur^    o^ mental  improvement  can  niver  be  more 


ab1e./jfiea, 

Sb^.Pr«Msnt>MdlCli,'arfftii|ed  fi^r  moPtr^ 

^flnerioh^one  Plana -Fortej  by  It.  T-iy/^h 

\  feititt  li.  '  -.♦»-.-    -^tt^(fn  ind  Son. 

The  Pttl!detJt*s  March  Is  an  Amcric^o 
iJbttipofititft),     T^^^    Dyle  in    which  it   Is 


eAg'<igihg  to  the  juvenile  mind,  than  wbeit 
recommended  by  fo  alluring^  a  rchicie  as 
that  of  mulic. 

CofJidering  chc  tender  age  of  thof^  for 
whole  benefit  diis  work  ta  cbitfliy  de- 
iigned,  and  that  a  fatniiiamy  and  plain » 


^lic^ived  is  Iiyi-ly,'  bui  )vants  cunfc^iuAiicf  ncfs|  bordering  on  puerilicy^  Was  an  ab(b< 

and  IlrcB|;th'of.i.l^£l.    {a  tbe  form*  ia  lu^e  requifite  of  the  plan,  both  Afr.  Carey 

which   Mr,    Tayipr  here.  prtCviits  k.  lo  and  Mr.  Aitwood  have  acquitted  them- 

tbe  £ag}ifli  public,  it  furnithos  agood  felves  with  much  addrefs;    Bur,  co  con- 

'ei^reife '  fo^  younj;  performers,  and  pof*"  fine  ourobfervatioas  to  the  muGc  }  the  fe- 

fe&s,  Uia^connderebk  degree,  the  quait*  veral  airs  and  recitatives,  of  which  the 

iiicatioii  dNiiiMti '  to'  pinno-fore   duets;  genealogy  con filh,  are  fo  pleatfiagly  con- 

which  is   that  of  improving  the    young  ceived,  and  fo  judicioufly   arranged   and 


praGitioner  in  hii  time, 

^  Ouets  Vet  Sytn  Vuieiirt,  or  Cm  only  fa4 

,    Ii'^iii0nji  with  i»  AcLiwipiinliaent-  for*  tbC; 

.Pian&rFOcte  |  CVmpofed^  Gm9.  Bidnckt  f  f be 

' ).  by  Metaftaiio.  .  Bti^  71.  *    ftlUlkrIi'. 


*  We  hatfe  petuftd'ihctl'  duets  with  con^ 
^tJcttiblc  |>leafui:;c. .  Much  elegaiKc.  of 
^yU  prevails  through  the  work,  and  (unit 
bt  the  ^irs  do  high  credit  to  £gnor  ^U 
n^l^'s  ttiltnts,  both  on  account  of  their 
fj^K-ane  vsd  ^eibla^rfi'eiBon,  m  «eli  as 
%imr  ttaocctkM  tim^wt^:  »  M  pu6 
dK/^iie  lia  tormHilo»*'  is  thdft:  happity 
ftudied  iiv^e*rf^Ve^^(ih^s,  an'd/*  T^ova 
^trMj^  tote  heHatjtjri,"  ftjflftflfcs  much 
4Jri«fi!'.iwieemelt  -^^'Sc'^.  bafia  ^'io 


I'-iw^eenrew,    "be  u.  oatta  < 

pegjiymg  aP«  SkY^^t&i^^'f 
3j(*?  ftV^behai;!:^%i»(imatfi]n^ 


contrafled,  as  to  nraintam  and  imereft  the 
atteotioQ  to  tbe  end.  Wherever  the 
compofer  has'  found  the  fubjeft  of  the 
words  fufficiently  promifiexit  and  dif- 
tingttiAied  ro  dctnand  a  particular  cad  of 
cxpreflion,  he  has  attended  to  that  cir* 
cunnftancr,  and  generally  with  great  fvc* 
cefs.  In  a  word,  the  happinefs  of  the 
e)recatian  fcarcely  yields  to  the  cxfiellence 
of  the  (felign. 

Goofisy  'Gooley  Gander ;  with  Var^Mions  fer 
'  the  Havp  or  Ptano-Forte ;  compofed  by  C. 
,    Jr^.   I*riceis,  SkUlem. 

ahls  gir,  origiiaily  Aivial  in  itfelf^ 
affainM^  in  its  pcefent  ibte,  folnewhat  of 
jre^cidability .  The  venations  were  given 
t»  it  bv  Mr.  Bryan^  are  calculated  to  at* 
wriC£  GM  alteati^  of  Piano- {'erte  prac* 
^k)#«pf.  •  They  *e '  tafy,  progwfliv* 


*    ^^  .,       c.    _.;^%i»«matf*jn»n     __^ 

ne(6!{;T,w^li.the  jCcMMMBtM^ldieiftei^ili    MhfdL  tot  (he  thet|v|,  f^  fveis  way  i«it- 

>':'i.  »  ACCOUNT 


}^l 


i  63  ) 


T^ 


ACCOUNT*  OF  'DI»E  AS«  S  W  LON.DaM  i^>} 


Actm 


laSEASEl 


CATARRH 


TvphoiGffHrior     • 
I&tfmitUiitfcv$i 

Ephemera  .     * 

Amt  Rhevdiat'iai 
Tiiunut  TraumaticuA 
CHRONIC 

€oujh 

Cvo^h  and  D]F^»oea' 

Kimopfy6» 

Pulmonary  CopfmnpCion 

Hydrorfforax 

AfcitM    •  .      - 

An„(arca 

Cq>haklg'a 

Ophtbi'inui  * 

Fluo"  aiSus  • ' 

Afenmrhagia 

AmcnorrfadM 

MciUKihagn  DaAUIs 

Chlorulis 

Obftipatio  '  • 

I^totxlynia, 

Wornfis 

Pucidt  nta  Afli 

liirnit 

Cottca  Pi6bMli»ll 

l>>ict\i€Ty 

i?  laria 

>ir</ul»  ■    .- 

H^N5c^aD*riafi« 


?aralyiU 


DISEASES. 


P*faly£. 

'Ticmor'  '  ^     ^    ' 
_  '.Verfigp        *  "   • 
'\  •  Herpes       .     '   - 


,  *. 

..*• 


./! 


-.J  !.  » 


A 

.3: 
5- 

..8 

% 

;^ 

.3 

::s 

2 

'3 

I 
a 

I 

.'  3 

3 


.  -.-r  ;  ..,3 

a 

-  '.     --, 
.  •-     it 

% 

r  ,.  .     .     « 


^ks^kmkfj^*     .•.•^•..-<M  .  ,.    ,.^7.. 
(Ihqpnlc  lUiemxMU^  ^  * 

MenorrHigia*LoctiiaW»  *  *     -  • 

Trotafrtuf Vaginae-    *    '        -  '^* 

HaRDOfrboU.  -"  V  •     '-;  ii- 

'Bhiitefii    '   '  -     •••  ^-'"  -   •• 

'StrM(<iri*  *'  '  -  >  •  .  -• 
'lidallcfclywi*'  '^  »•:    "  -  -^     -^  •* 

.    .  ....  JlUF^THrE  Jp^^EAffS. , 

,,Afhth«.:;         .  T:j:i^::.:\  ,"L  .  :  ■ 

OpKchal6ij'a-pj»fireiil»  ••"'''■ ''^  '^ « 


'.  t 
.;» 

c 

r« 

s 

X 

"  z 


ai 


t 

the 


ih^.    ,tU   %(]l*  hawf,xer,   tlj«{Ugh  It 

^ ttHt,luWi>ejCr^ftiffi^VW4  ib^  Cy^WW»» 

•  It  having  been  anriounced  W  ^be|^bHc,  in  *\<f^^xhifi4k  difi^cs»,3upi>c  pAfe^tjliiarfJwl 
tlv.  lift  M^Mzine,  thn'thcjatc  reiwrtcY^  o£  ^  f»WMr^^di4^S,*<tf|Wj3J!r^bl|J',4fgr«ff  qC**>"^ 
the  Moxithl/SraW  ef"f>iftiWW  l-ohilon  ba^.^fl-^^^'^ilj^j^^^o^t^iiuj^ly^^ai^ 

uui  a  Oiribr  coneiponden -^habernVi^Wiflttd  ^^^^^^  -j^j  fr^^ig  jjfiiduy  in  lUe.  jnuTcies  of 
V  uh  a  OcntIcn»n  ia  i  dfecnt  PfTt^of.^bc  ^^^  i^wer  ja«r,  ihTcougU  and  difBcujcyof 
».»n  ;  itinav.bc  pioper  to  obfcrve^  lha^  the  L-     u-^jUTn^;  ^^r*  fo  Ul£eM.;i^   W  rW^iirc 

cU^the^oleTf  the  City,  and  extttid  V-kc  -'^^^'^F'*^'^^*^^  "^^^^^W^^f^;^^^^^^^^ 
U.&  coofidenbly  to  the  North  and    to    the     tnc   fternmni  thefe  means,  accoit»pamt;d 

Eaft It  may  not  be  hnpropct  ferther  to  re-     with  eentlc  purging,  and  tb«  ufc  of  anti- 

mjrk,  thatlusfitiiation20brdss£tiroaiab1eop-     monials  and  fquills,  luccecdtd  m  the  re* 
porruoity  of  giving  ibme  Mpoft  fdpeaing  the     moval  of  the  difcafe. 
iiateo£k>oap«EaVaiidX«&ntile  Difeifts.  For 


44  Difittffim'Lowdofi.  {}v^ 

For  tmit  «etkt  ytfl,  dine  hat  bcca*   fered  of  xnTftBxsg  die  bodjr  ^j  \ipcm  elc 
Ittgt  nalNqr^df  Muieoui  4ifea6i(  tke  :  ytdng^'tbe-ftennim*,  jin^  litTpeaW 
Memi  ipccscft  of  iiei^t  hive  prevtited>    vity  pf  th«  thorax,  We  difcovered  a  lar^e 
and^in  mo^ilifttBe«i»|»ulbjiarycni^oiis  *  qotfi^  browtk  €trM\fti  cdoured 

have  beta  v^y  obftbace.    The  fireniiotts   fluid.    There  wa$  likewife  a  p^etemata- 
manaer  in  which  the  vfe  of  the  wimm   nl  tinanticy  of  %  fhnilar  liuid  in  the  peru 
«eii}  had  been  reooameBdcdy  iaduced  us    cardium»    ThtAA  tt)be  of  the  Itrags  wsi 
'■to  try  it  in  fooie  of  liieie  caftt  ;-4ttd  #e   ittticb  .<»aprefled,  fo  vs  to  appear  much 
have  t  picafttto  in  reportiiw  that,  ia  feve-    4vniBi&ed  in  in  fize  ;  and  there  tveie 
yal  iollancfSy  it  produced- 1  fpee^  rotfsvel   confldcrable  adhefidns  df  that  portion  h^ 
of  fymptoBs.    That  a  cohclurfMi  refpeA-  .the  pleunr  which  c(Mrc«ed  the  luiigc,  to 
^ing  the  poweri  of  this  medicine  mi^ht  «4;hat  which  lined  the  cavirr  of  the  thorax. 
^fiotberenderedilubkiwby  tbeufe'bf  ei-  •     The  deaths  in" the  Bilh  cf  Momfity 
teml  remedies,  cf  m   dAient  kind,;  a  ^  for  the  faft  four  Wecks^'afi^ftated  a^  f d- 
lotieof  compofed  of  thia.  aeid  ant  wat^>    lows  : 
'  was  uied  itt  thofe  cafes  i%Mthi«ii  a^y  exttr- [  AbTcefi  .'  .     "  4 

aal  remedy  was  thought  to  J»  iS^eflary.    Abortive  -    '  '4 

'  In  two  tafea  of  tinea  thefe  meaaft  fia:-  *  Aged  .   .  loo 

Receded.    The  ufe-of  this  anedicine  Was  .  Ag^e  •  "  '  "■       ' 

*aot,  in  many  inrtalices,  attended  wWh-ahy  ^^W^    '        -    .      -  •    '       11 

:  inconveBicnce':  and  iathbf«?  caft*  %h#rc    A™»  '  "       •  '    -  4« 

,  any  pain  m  tlje  ftomtch  or'  bowds-  was :  5^^^  *  '  ' 

^compla^nwi  i>?.^a  Xvp^ Mm^t'^'^^  ^^^^^   .        ':-"•,         I 
►  acid,o!r  the  aiidMloB.QralmaBijija^ty.of  ?^jjiy^^^      *  *  .^^        18 

.  aay  tioaurej^  or  fpirit,  prjcvcnte^  a'dy  W-  'confumption       '  •"     *  /  iw 

.:  Cher  efta  of  this  kind.        "    .  -       'ConvoUigns         "  •    v      .         w 

The-cafeof-TriiJsuu  terminate4faugy* '^Dnpfy  »  .  61 

>It  warpKcededbyallight  woand  in  one  ^'Fever         '.     /        •  \^'       195 

-cf  thrfingersr  froaa  which  very  liitlelw-    French P^         '•         '      -     *      -  5 

'  coBveOicQice  at^'imtlh  fbvetal* 4ays  after  .'pout  -  '  -  10 

the  acddt*tf,-^hci*'^hef>W^b4camefud-,.««>phigCofl|h  ,•  -    '    .U 

"  <knlyfi«cd*;  fomefllghlconvulfi^wt  ii-^re  J»«w4i«  .  -  -  5 

;  fek  m  different  parts"  of  the  -^ooiy.  t*ie  ^{°Jj?****«*  '  "  *5 

,  pdtfc  beeaiQeexceedingf)^  ijoidk  aTJ^feeJ^e,  ^  Tj^J"!  *  '  il 

:  and  in  a  /ew  day.  the  panent  «^irtd.^„^^,,^^-  \  '    .        I^ 

1  The  colica  piobnmjk  .w^js  Juecccded  ^y    Paify       ^    .    '«  .  % 

:  aaafarcovsfwellingsofthe  l^werextrr^i- ^plcuri^    \  .  ;  .    x 

,  -tics,  accompanied  with  fuch  a  difficulty  of  ^  Scurvy       '  -  -         i 

'  wcaAiiJ^' W'lflhiBrtfWiainie  efiilio»  ^^^^  '     -         -    ,   .  3? 

thecavftybftHcihortir.'- Thefe<yntpl«»s    Still-^ipm'  .      -  '-  52 

■  toay'beWibmwrtoa'fbee^f  conftilttiten ,  8u<Weiily  -  .  s 

induced  by 'reheated  arwickrftif  the  fWtficr    Teeth  -.  -  -36 

^fcafc,  toW!irth'theiMtit*t,  who-Wie  a    Jhtuih  -  -  4 

Cinte#  by  VMe,  haS  fdr  fevertf  >cars.  W«ter,m  the  He^4  >  '  ,^ 

en  ^bjeft,  oir,  petfops,  Whh  -as  much  '  '      "  "^ 

.  ©robabilttf .  to  an  intempeftte  ufeof  fbi-  -      •  Ihc  body  w«»  opened  at  the  pafticular  ft- 


-The  miltmeT  tflrifm^ trom  T»«  /1«*««'/f,  .tiOi  lequeft,  thata  imiowledgeof  the  feat  of  h« 

intttnpcnmcc  htt  *cen  tomtrtwy  wen  ce-  coimUint  might  contribute  to   the   f«lie/  01 

icnbed  by  the  writer  of  the  aeeount  of  dif-  others- who  might  be  affi£ted  in  the  fame  inan- 

eafici  prevalent  in  the  month  of  Novem-  ncr.    Such  atequcftbcipgrathexunufuai,  efpc- 

her. '  cially  among  persons  In  a  loiver  lank   of  lil^« 

?tt  one  6f 'Hie  caft*  of  hydrothoVific,  on  defenres  to  be  mentioned,  as  tugbly  worthy  si 

^e  death  ofthepatkat^aa  opportunity  of.  hnxatioB. 


STATE 


(    *5    ) 


STATE   OF  .PUBLIC   AFFAIRS. 
/'    •  In.  January^   lygSi 

GftiAt  BwTAiii.  oi  thfr  war^  foir  the  fvbjfigAtisn' df 

&.  Pitt's  AiEeflcdXax  Bill*  th^  rife     France.  >  By  means  of  ^e  ninmefll<f 
and  progrds  pf  which Vere  given    revenue  railed  ufKm  the  ptopleof  thts 


M 

in  our  laft  oumber»  has,,  after  fome 
modifications,  rocetvcd  the  Royal  af. 
iirnt,  and  been  pafltd  into  a  law. 
Amontf  the  numerous  meetings  to  op- 
pofe  this  meafure,  that  held  at  the 
Crown  and  Anchor  on  the  ad  of  Ja^^ 
nuary,  of  the  United  Committees  of 
the  outlying  parishes  of  the  inetro- 
polisy  deferves  particular  attention. 
Among  other  refolutions  breathing 
that  fpicit  of  rational  liberty, 'which - 
was  wont  to  animate  the  bfeaft  of  aU 
moft  fvety  Englifhrnan,  there  was  one 
which  expretled  the  concern  of  the 
Meeting,  at  **  Seeing  indituted  in  this 
country  parochial  inquiiitions,  where 
the  people  can  only  obtain  redrefs  by 
difdofing  the  fecrets  of  their  private 
concerns,  and  fubinitting,  perhaps, 
their  moft  important  interefts  to  the 
inveftigation  of  noen,  who  can  have 
ao  particular  motive  to  proted,  and 
may  hav«  many  inducements  to  harafs 
and  opprefs."    ' 

The  laft  important  debate  upon  thb 
Bitl  in  the  Hoafe  of  Commons,  was* 
wpon  its  thuti  reading  on  the  3d  of  Ja- 
nuary, which  was  adjourned,  and  con- 
cluded 6n  the  4th.  Mr.  Thompfon. 
$rtl  rofe,  and  pointed  out  the  (Iriking 
ifitonliflenc^s  of  the  Bill,  and  its  op. 
preilive  tendency.  He  was  followed 
by  Mr.  Tfrwhitt  and  Mr.NichoUs, 
who  both  oppofed  'the  Bill.  On  the 
hmt  fide  Sir  Francis  Burdett  made 
what  may  not  only » be  called  an  ener- 
^tic,  but  a  bold  fp'ecch  :  he  obferved^.. 
That  though  he  kcreeflL  with  thofe  who- 
ihoiight  this  ntoae  of  raifing  the  fup- 
plies  was  highly  objectionable,  yet 
were  it  altogether  unobjectionable  in 
iticlf,  he  would  oppofe  the  granting 
of  futh  fupplics,  becaufe  lie  detefled 
the  purpoftes  they  were  intended  to 
promote,  the  prDlecutionot'  <«  tliis  de« 
teflable  war,"  and  ri>c  -fupport  of  a 
fyllem  of  comiption.  T  h.ele  were  the 
accurfed  ends  for  which  the  people  of 
this  country  were  to  groan  beneath  a 
load  of  inci^afed  taxes :  he  was  not 
forry  that  at  this  late  period,  when  the 
clouds  of*|)rejudic€  were  in  fome  mca- 
'fure  pafled  away,  and  when  men  from 
idiftrels  were  brought  to  think,  and  re- 
lief upon  the  paft,  to  have  an  oppor- 
tunity of  faying  a  word,  which  he 
attnbutod  entirely  to  the  ambitious 
•rojefts  of  Minifters  upon  the  origin 
^  MonTHLY  Mac.  No.  XXVII. 


Country  I  he  added,  acontyipt  Mitiifter 
had  debauched  the  very  fpitif  of  the 
nation,  and-  prepared  us  to  become 
flaves,  and  the  ^roof  of  it  was  out 
want  of  generoiity  and  fpitit  in  fub- 
mittiog  to  become  the  inilrunients  for 
anflaving  others:  «*  For  let  no  man 
flatter  Wmfclf,"  faid  he,  "  that  h* 
has  not  been  implicated  in  the  guilt  of 
that  horrible  conduct,  which  the  Mi^ 
nifter  adopted  with  regard  to  Ireland^ 
onlcfs  he  may  have  done  all  in  his 
power  to  prevent  iti'* 

Sir  Francis  then  traced  th<  outlines 
of  the  melancholy  (late  of  the  Sifter 
Kingdom,  which  he  founded  upon  the 
r«|>ort  of  the  £ari  of  Moira,  and  upon 
inibrmation  he  had  himfelf  received^ 
This  Irifli  fyftem,  he  obfervcd,  had 
already  palfcd  over  into  Scotland,  and 
tlie  fame  fpirit  had  difcovered  iifclf  at 
home,  though  not  to  the  fame  extent. 
He  concluded  by  declaring,  that  he 
never  would  at  any  cime,  or  under  any 
circun\(lances,  become  ah  accomplice 
in  the  guilt  of  fupporting  a  fyftem* 
which  if  it  could  be  fupported,  and 
was  to  be  perfiftedin,  would  eventually 
deftroy  the  freedom  of  hfc  country. 
.-•Dr.  Laurence,  Lord  Hawkefbury, 
and  ieveral  others' oft  the  minifterial 
£de  of  the  Houie,  fuf  ported  the  Bill, 
and  defended  the  meafure s  of  admi- 
Mft ration.  The  debate,  was  then  ad- 
journed. 

.  .On  its  being  refumed  the«exteve»- 
ifig,  Mr.  Sheridan  and  Mr.  Fox  ex- 
erted their  talents  at^nft  Hie  paffinr 
of  the  Bill,  and  againft  the  conduce 
df  A  dniiniftration .  Mr.  Sheridan  wa^ 
extremely  fevere  upon  the  allertion^ 
made  by  Dr.  Laurence  the  preceding 
evening,  particularly  the  con\pahfoii 
^lich  tlie  Doctor  hiid  drawn  between 
u&  at  pielent,  and  the  great  Roman 
Ri>p4ibliciu  the  height  of  its  fame  and 
glory.  Was  it  ever  ftated,  faid  he^ 
that  the  Roman  bulwark  was  a  naval 
force  >  This  kind  of  rhodomontade  de^ 
clanuition  ufed  by  the  learned  gentle* 
man,  Mr.  Sheridan  iaid,  was  finely  d«^ 
fcribed  by  one  of  the  Roman  poct>— 

'   — -«  I,  detncns,  curre  per  Alpct, 
Ut  putrh  pla4:ea$,  et  dcdamatio  fias." 

The  Doilor  appeared  to  come  to  that 
Houfe  as  executor  to  adminifter  to  Mr. 
Burke's  fury^  without  any  of  Ijtis  Jif€ 
or  firtius, 

K  Mr, 


Debate  on  the  Agfjfedjax  Bill. 


66 


Mr.  Fox  defended  himftflf  againft 
the  aflertions  or  charges  which  had 
been  b'roughf  againft  him  on  that  and 
the  )>rece£ng   ni^ht»  by  fcveral  ad» 
herents  of  the  Miotftcry  who  had  iit- 
finuated  that  he  an4  his  party  had  not 
ti)C  confidence  of  th^  p^plcs  he  faid 
if  he  .were  to  imitate  the  example  fet 
before  him,  he  could  (hew  how  much 
more  the  charge  was  applicable  to  his 
Majefly*$  Minivers.     If  petitions  of 
diftruft  from  feveral  of  the  mgft  re- 
^e^able  di drifts  of  this  kingdom  were 
proofs  tliaf.they  had  loil  the  approba- 
tion and  fupport  of   the  country,  it 
was  certain  that  many  fuch  petitions 
bad  been  prefented  to  the  throne.  He 
had  had  frequent  occafions  to  go  to  the 
Levee  to  prelent  fuch  petitions :  it  was 
the  faihion  of  the  day  ^  that  the  public 
fliould  be  derided  ;  it  was  the  King's^ 
Lords,  and  Commons  Houfe  of  Par- 
liamenty  not  the  Coitimons  of  Great 
Sritain«  not  the  voice  oi'  the  people 
that  was  now  to  be  regarded — now  that 
the  Bill  of  Rights  was  dedroyed,  the 
public  voice  was  to  be  nothing.  Thus 
an  Alderman  of  London  had  pnefumed 
to  fay;  that  his  oonftituents  were  for 
the  mea£ure  of  this  Bill,  directly   in 
oppoffction  to  a  refplution  of  the  Livery 
in  Common  Hall,  in  which  they  had 
declared '  their  difapprobation   of  its 
principles.     In  reply  to  fome  illibend 
iefle6iioasiOf  Mr.  Wilberforce,  Mr. 
Fox  exclaimed^  *'  Why  is  the  Hpnour^^ 
able  Gentleman  §o.  violent  againtt  me^ 
but  that  he  is  neady  to  ie/id  himfeif  as 
a  reoify  injhrumemt  of  the  Misd&er^  ia 
order  by  thefe  ingenious  mi/refrr/tma" 
thnt  to  divert  the  public  attention  fram 
the  fubje£l  that  prefles  hard  upon  his 
tnArudors;  juft  as  in    1784^  he   Lent 
himfeif  as  a  fit  infirument  \ofprtad  in 
the  county  of  York,  the  report  '*  llUt 
I  was  deiirous  to  fetze  upon  all  power» 
and  feat  myfelf<M.  the  Throne.**    Isjr 
/iteh  an  office  he  is  eminentfy  qualified. 
Mr.  Fox  next  fpoke  in  extenuation  of 
a-  charge,  whidk  fome  of  the  Minit. 
ter's  friends  had  brought  againi^  him  of 
ufiQg:  ambiguous  .and    dangerous   ex- 
preffions,  wheu.he  had  fpoken  of  9 
kadicarl  Reform   an  Parliament.     To 
orevent  futune  mifrepreientation,  .he 
laid  what  he  mfcant  was,,  "that  axa^ 
dieal  reform  both  in  the  ceprefentRtion 
of  the  people  in  Parliament,  gad.  of 
the  abufes  which  liad  crept  into  the 
]pr:i<^tice  of  the  conftitutiou,  tog[ether 
with  a  complete  ch^inge  of  the  iyiltm 
of  ^dmtniilration,  was  the  fole  grcAind 
upon  which  he  could  be  prevailed  upon 


[K 


to  take  any  refoonfible  office  in  hisMa- 
jieftv's  Councils."    Was  explanation, 
faia  he,  neoeflaty  tfr  diis^  If  it  were, 
he   flibuld  aofwer    in   other  'w»nlS|' 
'*  that  indead.  of  ^Veniin^  oai  ^e 
principle  of  thenrefent  MiniSer, which 
went  to  increafi  ?hc  iivBueiice  of  tht 
Crown,  and  to  abridge  ihe  fights  oC 
the-  people ;  he  wi(hed  to  fee  both  re. 
(lored.to  that  jnft  balance  which  the 
conditution  required^  and  which  was 
eiTential  to  the  happinds  faotlinf  kmg 
and  people."    In  ftiort,  he  meant  ex. 
adly  what  Lord  Chatham  meant,  when 
he  laid  "  that  by  a  chaise  of  fyftem, 
it  was  not  merely  the  removal  of  Mi* 
nifters,  but  a  thorough  dereliftion  of 
the  principles  upon  which  their  ad- 
minifbntion   had    been   carried   t)n." 
He  meant  what  Lord  Camelford  meant, 
when  he  declared  he  would  vtite  agamii 
granting  the  fupplies.     His  declara- 
tion was,  that  he  would  ntjt  vote  for 
granting  a  fupply  until  a  pledge  was 
given  him,  iu>t  merely  for  the  removsA 
of  Miniilers,  but  alfo  fbr  a  ctiAtplete 
and  total  change  in  the  fyft^n'of  botk 
foreign    and    domeftic    govettuneot* 
This  declaration  had  been  kttril>v«od 
to  the  prefent  ChMKcUor  of  ^e  "Ex- 
chequer,  but  improperly.  '      *' 

Mr.  Fox  next  alluded  to  the  Jcttcr 
which  had  been  mibllfiied  a  StdeiRiQe 
before,  faid  to  oe  iipm  £ai#  Moira 
relative  to  a  change  of  adfrnimftnliony 
to  which  reference  had  been    tfmde 
in  tl^e  former  ptft  of  tnnt    debate. 
He  declared,   that  he    had  tio  tnore 
concern  in^  or  knowledge  of  What  had 
pafied  upon  the  occafion  to  ;i^htch  it 
referred,  than  the  Hon.  Secretary.   An 
application    he  underftood   Had   been 
made  to  the  noble  Earl,  for  veh^kn  he 
had  a  very  hi^h  pcrfonol  rdPpc6t,  in- 
viting him  to  form  d  new  attminiiira- 
tion :  he  knew  not  who  th^  ?*pTe,  be 
had  never  been  let  into  that  fecVet  i  but 
the  publication  of  that  letter  had  made 
known  a  fa€l  of  a  very  in«A>^,iJitf»  na- 
ture to  the  countty,  rtt.  tiaxrl^^renKms 
a  number  of  memhert  of  tiat  h^vfer  mch^ 
ga*ve  their  fupport  id    the  '  Mmiftert^ 
though  at  the  fame  tiftie  thvykBme^bt  rhat 
they  'were  nttfrly  unfit  for  tbeirjStua^ 
tions^   and  that  ther?^  ought  -ib    be  a 
change.     "  Jf  I  hiUl|;iydi'ttny*advic« 
to.  the  noble  Earl  upoifi  tbr^Cwbicdi^ 
faid  Mr.  Fox,  1  can  .tffufc  tfier  Hon. 
Secretary,  that  it  would'  have '  been  a 
very  difintereftcd  t>ne,  notwithftaiKfing 
the  infmuation'  he  has  throwb  x>ut. — 
I  ihould  hav^  f^dd^  my  LqW,    take 

care-i 


J7«8.J 


Irtknd^»**Frencb  JUkrchimts  Loan. 


i7 


carcj  unj^rs  yoiu  hay*  «  P^«<*f *  ^^^  * 
rtkn^f  aff-yJHir  fecunty  for  rhe  good 
iriuch^<Mi1ntjeiid»you  are  vei^turinj^  into 
»  country  w^vQ.menofyour  Frankncfs 
are  not  a  match  for  the  inHdious  arts 
Vihkh  will  be  ]>ra6(ired  a^ainil  you. 
Vou  ax^  invited  only  for  the  piirpofe 
of  puttinc  90  ^nd  to  the  war,  in  order 
that  the  ^ffUm  which  you  iHfle  tor  the 
mpiucntyi^iaybcrc-ertabh'ftied."  After 
nwlcii^g  cogent  arguincnts  on  the  Bill, 
he  conclyd^d  vlih  drawing  an  afl'ect- 
iagpi^ure  of  the  flatc  of  Ireland. 

Mr.  ipitt  replied  to  Mr.  Fox  and  the 
other  nu^ntbers  pf  oppofition.  On  the 
quciUoa  that  the  Bill  be  now  read  a 
third  tinie  being  pu^^  the  Houfe  di- 
vidcd,. 

Ayes  19^ — ^Nocs  71 — Majority  125. 
The  Bill  was  then  fcnt  to  the  Lords, 
where  it  was  palTed,  and  received  the 
Royal aiTetU  byComniiilionafew  days 
afterwardfk 

Oo  the  nth  of  January,  Mr.  Dun- 

das  prefipmed  a  meffage  from  the  King, 

purpoftiftg  that  his  Maje(ly  had  re- 

ceivcd  ^ariotts  advices  of  preparation 

made  10  France,  in  purfuance  of  tlM 

defign  repeatedly  profetTed,  of  attempt. 

ia^  the-  iavaison  of  thefe  kingdoms, 

that  he  .was  firmly  perfuaded  that  by 

the  s«a^  courage,  and  exertion  of  his 

iubje£U|  ilrug^ing  for  whatever  was 

TSioi  dear  4o   them,    furh    an  enter. 

prifep.if  attempted,  would  terminate 

in  the  mm  aad  confufion  of  thofewho 

miKbl  he  engaged  in  it ;  but  that  he  in 

anxious  cQqcem  for  the  welfare  of  his 

people,  felt  it  incumbent  upon  him  to 

umit  Ao    fuitahle    precaution   which 

mig^    cbotribute    to    their  defence. 

Hii»  MajeAy*  therefore,  in  purfuance 

•f  the  Ji^  pafled  for  providing  for  the 

uugmentaikm  of  the  Militia,  thought 

it  right  to  make  this  communication  to 

the  Comnibus,  to  the  end  that  the  faid 

Militia  mi^ht  be  drawn  out  and  em-. 

h«died,  and  t^  inarch  as  occafion  fhould 

require.     The  Houfe  of  Commons  on 

the  J  2th  of  Janizary,  adjourned  to  the 

iithof  the  ibllowing  montli. 

The  melanchDly  detail  of  the  fuffer- 
ings  of  ireUnd  bias  often  been  dwelt 
;ipon,  and  we  believe  generally  for 
the  latidaUe  porpofe  of  readering  the 
deploiahk  fituiinon  of  ttiat  country  as 
public  as  poffible,  in  order  that  per. 
leas  in  England,  who  have  it  in  tneir 
power  tD  jelieveits  misfortunes,  mi^ht 
have  no  opportunity  of  pleaciUng  ig- 
aorance  of  tneir  e](ii!teoce. 


Some  affidavits  have  been  made  re- 
fpetling  the  trisd  of  the  late  Mr.  Orr. 
Arthur  Johnfon  and  Archibald  Thomp- 
fon,  two  of  the  Jury,  who  were  im- 
panelled  to  try  the  deceafed,  have 
fworn  that  fpirituous  liquors  were  in. 
troduced  into  the  Jury  room,  while 
they  were  confidering  the  verdid,  with 
which  feveral  of  the  Jnry  were  in- 
toxicated ;  that  the  deponent,  Thomp- 
fon,  was  fo  intimidated  by  one  of  the 
Jurors  by  threats,  Sec,  as  to  be  induced 
to  concur  in  a  verdi^l  contrary  to  his 
opinion.  Another  of  the  Jurors  de. 
pofed,  that  had  he  known  that  the 
cbnfequehcc  of  returning  a  verdict  of 
guilty  upon  that  occafion,  would  have 
been  followed  by  the  death  of  the  ac- 
cnfed,  he  ihould  not  have  agreed  to 
fuch  verdid. 

FaAHCE. 

Tn  a  public  fitting  of  the  Diredlory 
on  the  21  ft  of  December,  a  deputation 
from  the  principal  Bankers  and  Mer- 
chants of  Paris,  prefented  an  addrefs, 
in  which  they  intreated  the  Diredtory^ 
to  fend  a  meflage  to  the  legidative 
body,  inviting  tliem  to  open  a  loan  for 
the  purpofe  of  procuring  a  fpcedy  aiid 
effectual  means  for  making  a  defcem 
upon  England,  The  Directory  con*, 
plied  with  the  intrcaties  of  the  depu- 
tation,  and  fent  a  meflage  the  famfe 
day  to  the  Council  of  Five  Hundred, 
requefting  them  to  adopt  mcafures  for 
rai fmg  a  loan  for  the  defired  purpofe. 
After  the  addrefs  and  melfage  were  or- 
dered  to  be  printed,  Jean  de  Brie  rofe,  . 
and  afked  ."  Who  was  the  citizen  that 
did  not  biihv  to  revenge  the  wrongs 
done  to  France  by  the  government;  who 
created  La  Vendee ^  the  Cbouans^  and 
the  Cbaufferjy  and  who  alone  hUd  pro* 
longed  the  evils  of  war  \  Yes !  faid  he^ 
we  will  verify  the  opinion  of  the 
Member  of  tlie  Knglifh  Parliament^ 
who  faid  that  the  obftinate  refiiUnce 
of  Pitt  to  peace,  had  only  tended 
to  confolidate  the  Republic.  Let  Eng- 
land that  has  fo  frequently  dilhirbed 
the  tranquility  of  our  country,  tremble 
in  its  turn  for  its  own  laicty  >" 

The  Coencil  referred  tlie  meflage  to 
a  Committee,  and  ordered  a  report  to 
be  made  as  foon  as  pollible. 

This  projed  of  invading  England, 
and  of  raining  it  by  every  pofTible 
means,  was  in  the  month  of  January 
the  order  of  the  day  in  France,  and 
appeared  to  acquire  new  energy  at 
every  (lep ;  donations  were  potxring  in 
from  every  quaitery  to  defray  the  ex* 
K  %  pence 


t$ 


FrafUi^.Jnfw^^ioH  in  kahf.. ^Public  Funds.  fJ^* 


pence  of  the  propofcd  dcfccnt.    The  ilTAtr.           • 

addrefles  with  which  thefc  gifts  wcrt  We  (hall  now  proceed  \»  give-  the 

accompanied,  were  marked  with  the  outlineof  an  extraordinary  event  which 

fame  degree  of  eitravagance  as  the  took  place  at  Rome  on  the- »7<h^ of  Dc* 

xneflages  of  the  Direftory  to  the  Lcgif-  cember. 

lative.Body  upon  this  fubjett.    The  The  brother  of  the  C^nquerw  of 

Central  Bureau  of  Paris,  however,  fur-  Italy,  Citizen  Buonaparte,  Ambaira- 

paiTed  all  competition  in  the  violence  dor  from  the  Republic  9^  France  to 

of  its  inventive.     It  accufed  our  Go-  the  Court  of  Rome,  hasv^rittenavcry 

vemment  of  having  enflavcd  and  re-  long  letter  to  the  Minifter  of  foreign 

duced  the  people  of  England  to  the  affairs,  giving   the  particular^  of  an 


condition  of  brutes ;  and  it  compared 
the  agents  of  the  government  to  wolves 
feeding  upon  human  fle(h.  The  prin. 
cipal  motive  for  the  popular  lury, 
wnich  prevailed  in  thefe  addrefles, 
was  derived  from  the  calumnious  ftatc- 
ment  of  the  Diredory,  which  accufed 
lis  of  refufmg  the  means  of  fubfift- 
cnce  to  aojooo  French  prifoners  of 
war  now  in  England. 

The  meafurc  upon  which  the  Di- 
redlory  feemed  to  place  more  reliance 
than  upon  its  projected  plan  of  invasion, 
was  that  of  ^tnnoying  our  commerce 
in  all  its  points  of  communication  With 
the  Contment.  This  meafure  was  the 
iubjeft  of  a  mefl'age  dated  the  fame 
day  as  the  news  was  received  in  Paris 
of  the  taking  potieffion  of  .Mentz  by 
the  Republican  troops. 

After  having  caufed  all  the  Eng- 
,  lifli  goods  and  merchandize,  with  which 
ail  the  magazines  and  warehoufes 
throughout  the  Republic  were  flocked, 
to  be  feizcd  in  one  day,  the  French 
government  proceeded  to  detire,  that 
^  law  fbould  be  enabled,  declaring, 
that  vcJl'cls  belonging  to  evpry  foreign 
country,  laden  with  Englifli  merchan- 
dize, or  having  goods  on  board,  ei- 
ther as  the  whole  or  part  of  the  cargo, 
Should  be  deemed  legal  prizes ;  and 
that  np  foreign  Ihip,  which  in  profe, 
(cution  of  \itt  voyage,  fhould  have  en- 
tered an  Englifh  port,  (hould  be  adr 
mitted  into  the  ports  of  France,  unlefs 
in  cafes  of  dilh-efs. 


mfurrcclion  which  took  place  t}iere  on 
the  17th  of  December. 

The  leaders  in  this  affair  called  re- 
peatedly upon  the  Ambal^Mior,  Buo- 
naparte, requefting  him  to  protoftfhis 
popular  movement.     This  ne  opposed 
with  all  his  power,  and  was  foon  con- 
vinced of  the  real  views  of  the  tnfur, 
gents  ;  his  palace  was  aflailed  by  the 
multitude,   and   by  the  troops  of  the 
government,  who,  on  the  other  band, 
kept  up  aconftant  fire  upon  the  former. 
The    AmbafTador,    Buonaparte,   went 
out  accompanied  by  General  I)  up  hot, 
and   the    Adjutant-general   Sherlock, 
with  the  hopes  of  a^peafinflf  the  dif- 
turbance,   and  of  indticitt^  the  iiffur- 
gents  to  quit  the  French  )urifdi^tk>n ; 
he  foon,  he  fays,  had  reafon  to  be  con- 
vinced that  they  had  a  defign  upon  his 
life.     General  Duphot  was  (hot by  the 
papal  foldiery,   and    the  AitAaffador 
was  obliged  to  have  recourfe  to  flight 
for  fafety.     Fourteen  hpurs  aftei;  this 
affairniation,  and  notwithilandiag  the 
Ambalfador's  frequent  meffage  to  the 
Secretary  of  State,  no  perfon  was  feni 
by    the   Roman   Governmeiit    to    en- 
quire  into  the  ftate  of  things.      The 
Ambafl'ador  filled  with  indignation,  as 
he  fays,  againft  a  weak  and  inuf€lerous 
government,  refblved  to  qitit  Rome, 
and  folicited  palfports  for  that    pur- 
pofe,  and  -went  immediately  to   Flo- 
rence, whence  he  wrote  to  Pari$.   The 
Ambaflador    fpeaks    in    the-  warnicfl 
terms  of  the  attention  he  received  from 


The  French  have  divided  the  coun,.    the  Tufcan  and  Spaniih  Amballadors, 


tries  on  the  left  bank  of  the  Rhine 
into  fix  departments ;  namely,  the  De- 
partment of  the  Roer,  chief  town,  Cre. 
vclt;  the  Department  of  the  Liffel, 
chief  town  Coblentz ;  the  Depart: 
ment  of  the  Rhine  and  tlie  MofeJIe^ 
^hief  town,  Bonn ;  the  Depatlment  of 
the  Rhine  and  the  Kahg,  chief  town ; 
Mentz  ;  the  Department  of  the  Sambrc 
and  the  Mofelle,  chief  town  Deujc- 
Fonts;  the  Department  of  Mount 
Tonncjnrcj  chrci  town,  Wonps. 


who  braving  all  dangers,  came  to  vifit 
him  in  liis  palace, 

PUBLJC   rWNOSir 
Stack  EitcifMgif  ^nAaff^'h  17 9^* 

fitocki  yeftcrday  ex^rie&ced  1  rile  ot  oearfy 
one  per  cent,  previous  to  which,  ^tbey  bad 
gnidUaUy  funk*  ConftflSkWki'x^h  w«re  done  for 
the  opening  at  49  3-4^^/  opened «t  47  3-'4ths, 
ex.  div.  The  prevailing  opinioii  is,-  that  no 
roitcrial  deprcfiion  will  t^e  place  till 'after  the 
bargtin  for  the  loan. 

5  7«it  cvNT.  ANN.  of^^  On  (he  aad  of 
tbismontb|  %t7o. 


„^^^,^o^9    cf.Tooley^ftfcct,    to  MJfs 
jr/ of  "Wclvjm^  Hants. 

Bicgjjcy^  of.  Re4  tburpaiTagc,  Ffect- 
_    to     Mr».  BalTctt,    widow  of  the  Itt^ 
IBaHetc,    in  tb«  ^4(1  loUIa  trade. 
~it.  George's  Hanover-fijuarB,  Mr.  Pope, 
.  SDCQcer^  bot^  of  ^oyexft-gardeot 


of  the  i-ev.  John  iC^yfallj  of  Millman-ftreet, 
Bcdibfdoroiv. 

In  London,  ih  hi»  68th  year,  Mr.  John 
Lewis  BaurogarCnef)  mccchJiK. 

At  his  houfe  in  the  Crefcent^  Minorics,  Mf  • 

At 


fltiUc,  iUiri  town 
lie  J  towo,  W-'ii^uis. 


Dtux 


the  opening  at  49  3-4^s,  opened  at  i 
rx.  div.    The  prcvailiaj  »>pimori  f 


(vi«uat    bargtin  for  the  loan.      . 


5  Pin   C«NT.  ANN, 

this  fflOQtb|  %t  70, 


ot>^<d  on  the  zidt 


1798.] 


Marriager  and  Deaths  ht  ami  near  Landm. 


69 


4.  ptn  ciKT.  co?i»."^fte,  on  the  29th 
of  lailndpthi  it  59  1.4th,  artd  ronCinueJ 
uithanr  invtH  -vtriaTron  titi  ^dlcrday,  when 
they  Tofc  to  59  3^tbf • 

3  Tf.^  CEKT.  cons,  opened  on  the  T9th 
flf  Jauttiry  at  4»7'3-4ths,  and  with  little  varia- 
tion cnntioaed  till  yefterdtyi  wheo  they  roCe  tQ 
4S3-4thi.  ' 

LoTTj:iiT  TicKET-s  arc  on  the  nfe— • 
Prcfent  price  in  the  matkct  ill.  155.  a  17s. 

DinJ«ftd5  afc"  now  paying  on  3  per  Cent. 
Confob,  I7i6— 5  per  Cents— »India  Stock — 
b'nithSc*  Stock«i-»lmpcrial  Annuicies-.*and 
1751. 

Marrifgwand  Deaths  in  and  near  London. 
Mgttied.]   At  St.  Botoiph^  Aldgatr,  Mr. 
Thctojas  Everett,    of  Horningham,  Wilts,  to 
Mi's  Mary  Eulluce,  of  the  Tower. 

Mr.  Btfojamin  Bruomhead,  of  King-ftreet, 
tf  Mifi  Eaton,  of  London-will. 

At  St.  Martin's  in  the  Fields,  Mr.  James 
Welfod,  of  King-ftrcet,  to  Mifs  Grove,  of 
Saiinjar^vftreet. 

Ur,  Brown,  ]mh,  H'lbom,  to  Mifs  Sarah 
Rawlinfon. 

At  St.  Martin's  Church,  Mr.  Weatherbey, 
ef  Neumcrket,  tx>  Mifs  Hill. 

In  London,  Charles  Lotwidge,  eiq.  Cap. 
t£in  3a  the  Royal  L.^ncaihlre  Militia^  to  Mift 
Podgfoo,  daughter  of  the  late  Bifliop  of  Lon- 
don. 

la  London,  Capt-  Lowndes,  of  the  Buck- 
in^hamihire  Militiftt  ^^  Mifs  James,  daughter 
of  Robert  James^  efq.  of  Corbyn's  HalJ,  near 
St3urbrid^e. 

At  St.  Mary's  Abchurch,  Canon -ftrect, 
Charles  Staynrr,  efcj.  Governor  of  Church- 
h:Jl  Fadory,  Hudfon's  Bay,  to  Mifs  S.  E. 
Baylcf^  of  Wood-ftncct,  Spital-fiefds. 

Mr.  "Wm.  Reeve,  law-ftationcr,  ofLynn's- 

Jnn,  to  the  fecond  daughter  of  Mr.  Binglcy, 

BjokfcUcr,    of -Red  Lion-pifTage,  Fleet-i^rect. 

Thnma&  Sewardi  Beachcrofr,  Efq.  to  Mifs 

Charlotte  Lewif,  of  Frcjerick's-place. 

At  St.  George's  Church,  Hanover-fquara, 
M'«jor  HntchinfoQy  to  Mifs  King,  daughter  of 
the  late  Dr.  King. 

At.  St.  Andrew*?  Church,  Holborn,  Lieu- 
fnant-Colonel  Kattray,  of  Cnighall,  in  the 
c.inty  of  Perth,  to  Mifs  Julia  Srmpfon, 
^laashter  of  Jame«  Simpfon,  efq.  Chancery- 
hre. 

In  London,  Licutenant-Cobnel  Ronald 
Fcrgufon,  to  Mir»  Munro,  daughter  of  Lieu- 
t. Tint- General  Sit  Hcftor  Munr-»,  K.  B. 

Mr,  Wm.  Murray,  of  Laurence  Poultncy- 
l*iK,  to  Mw.  Devenifli,  of  Gowcr-lb-cet. 

At  Sl  James's,  ClerkenwcU,  Mr.  Wm. 
^■^tt,  ^ttomcy^of  Pcfltonviile,  to  Mift  BcU 
I-Tnv. 

AJr.  Haywo«d,  of  Toolcy..ftn:ct,  to  Mifs 
?:a^>l?y,  ofWetvyn,  HanU. 

Mr.  Bicgkyy  f>f  Re4  tion-paflagc,  FJect- 
^rrt,  to  Mri.  Baflcti,  widow  of  the  latp 
.  i.  r.  Bajletl,  in  the  Eaft  India  trade. 

At  Sr.  George's  Hanover-fquare,  Mr.  Pope, 
D  .Mrs.  Sp^Acer,  bgtij  of  Co^xjjt-jar^eo, 


'Mr.  Henry  Ha!,'  of  Watflng-ftreet,  to 
llTtftLivett,  of  AU»ermarle*ftrefi. 

Mr.  Thomas  Jones*  of  Litfte  M()0r.field$, 
to  Mife  Seward,  dfFoller-Une.      ' 

Died.]  In  OrofvenoMlfttare,  John  Wilkes, 
Chamberlain    of  the  'City  of    London.' 
For    a  partieuhr  a€t<mnt  9/  nvhem  fit  the 
former  Part  tf  tbis  Nttmiffr, 

At  his  houfe  in  Chatham-place,  Black- 
friar's  Bridge,  Samuel  Brooke,  efcj* 

In  London,  Sir  Ralph  Miibanke,  hatt. 
father  to  Lady  Melbourne. 

In  Newgatc-ftreet*,  Mr.  Andrew  Lawfon, 
flour-merchant. 

In  hts  76th  year,  Mr*  Thoiiia»  Edgerton,  of 
Qihfpur-ftreet,  Wert  Smithfield. 

.  At  his  houfc  rn  Httlc  RnifeUftreety  Bloomf- 
bury,  Thonws  Waken,  efq.  of  fiaftcot* 
•  In  Warwick-ftreet,    Charing-crofa,    whilft 
on  a  vifit  from  the  country,  Mifs  Marganc 
Griffith,  of  Caernarvon. 

At  his  houfe  in  Nottingham-ftreet,  of  a 
fcarlet  fever,  John  Webb,  efq.  «ge4  39 1  and 
four  days  after,  likewife  of  a  fcarlet  tScYcry 
Mr.  John  Webb,  his  fon,  aged  !*• 

Mr.  Martin,  attorney,  who  defended  the 
caufe  of  Williams  ibr  publifliing  PaioflV  Age 
of  Reafon, 

In  CheapOdOy  Mr.  Robert  HiUcock,  fou 
chinaman* 

In  an  apopleaic  fit,  Fraocit  KemUe,  c%. 
of  Swithln's-lane. 

Wm.  Stone,  efij.  of  Robert-ftrect,  AdelphL 

In  an  adyanced  age,  Mr.  Prefton,  mnfical* 
in ilrument  maker,  and  mulic-feller,  ta  the 
Strand.  He  was  allowed  to  be  the  bell  f  \ucar« 
maker  in  the  kingdom,  and  the  origiiial  in- 
ventor of  tuning  chat  inkrument  with  a  watch- 
key. 

At  Hackney,  Mift  EUs.  Beadi. 

In  London,  Mr.  T.  Bnary,  a  yeoman  «f 
the  guards* 

in  London,  Mrs.  BalUchey^. 

At  her  houfe  in  Upper  Orofvenor-ftfeer, 
Dowager  Lady  Beauchamp  Prober,  widow  of 
the  late  Sir  Wm.  Beauchamp  Pro^hnr,  of 
Langlcy  Park,  in  Norfolk, 

In  Fenchurch-ftreet,  aged  74,  Mrs.  Haa- 
nah  Lewis. 

In  Towcr-ftreet,  Mr.  Horton  Crippen. 

In  TohnVftrcet,  St.  Gcorgc^s  in  the  Eafl^ 
aged  87,  Mr.  J.  Pinchbeck. 

At  his  houfe,  Edgwaro-rood,  W^Mawhood, 
efq. 

At  the  hovfe  of  Sir  Hugh  PaUifcr  Waltei^ 
bart.  Mifs  Ann  Gates,  fecond  daughter  of 
the  late  John  Oatea,  e(q.  of  Dcdham,  and 
filler  to  La<iy  Walters.  Htr  death  was  oc- 
cafwned  by  a  cancer  in  her  left  bread,  which 
had  baffled  the  skill  of  the  moft  eminent  phy* 
iitians  and  furgeons  for  nearly  two  years. 

After  a  lingering  illncft,  Mrs.  Keylall,  wUfe 
of  the  fev.  John  KeyfaJI,  of  Millman-ftreet, 
Bc^Jbfd-row. 

In  London,  ih  hia  6Sth  year,  Mr*  John 
Lewis  Bauragartner,  necchaoC. 

At  his  houfe  in  the  Crefccnt^  Minorics,  Mr. 
Wn.  Mid^id,  furgeoA. 


JO  Marriage4^Hd:I>iMh  U  ^Hi.  nimr  Loni^ttr^^thsi^broai.  [Jan. 

After  traver^  the  Atlantic  Jo  A&ty,  the 
veflel  ivttndered  in  figbc  of  UikL  He  «is 
once  more  faved»  and  got  o«.  Aiora  near  Ply- 
mouth In  X7S0,  irom  wheaceiy.  finmiBg  to  Lon- 
don* h0  was  admitted. into  <«J«tMiWish  Hof- 
pttal.  Marrying  afterwanU,  and  ^ccgmii^ 
an  out-penfioner,  he  fettled  near  Pordjmout!^ 
his  wife  hjTing  a  pcnfion  ftooa'thc  Trinity- 
Ho»fe.  On  the  fmall  incdmt  tbos  anfiof, 
about  81.  161.  pet  annmn^  and  tht  pMdttce  of 
their  joint  laboiir>  t|iey  nuSj^taMi  thosieWes 
and  their  child^  now  an  orphaOf.  of  11  yean 
•Idy  and  totally  deititute,  bis  niotlier  dying  ia 
Auguft  laft,  and  leaving  no  relative  capable  of 
giving  him  iupport.  . 

On  Monday,  thc.isth»  ^  J^  I9^in4a«^$y 
Mr*  Jofeph  We;i]d9  Blackman^.  S^^ochwyk, 

In  the  76th  year  of  h<^r  w^f^  Mn.  Ex- 
perience Nohle>  relink  of  the  rev.  Danic) 
NoblCs  who  wa$  for  many  yean  the  refpeda- 
Ue  Paftor  of  a  general  BaptUi  Church  ia 
Barhican  (no>yme<tli^ii|W<M^ip-ftrQet)  and 
of  a  Sabbatarian  coogrcgation  in  Mill-ysd, 
Goodman's-field».  Th«&  worthy  wo«iaa«  afttx 
a  long  life  of  adUvity  opid  ufefidnefs,  fufi«itd 
a  gndoal  decay  of  body. and  nitod*  For  « 
ih«rt  peeiod  firevious  co  hci  diflbiutio%  Ae  iay 
in  a  ftate  of  mienfib«lity«  and  at  lali  becvae 
uoaUe  to  xeceiw  her  acpuftomed  no«riihment« 
Such  n  the  humiliaUBg  condHioo  to  whl^h  out 
frail  nature  Is  fiibjeidly  hu(  this  Mnb^ci^  ^1 
be  amply  recompenocd  at  tkt  rtjtr^m  ej 
thipi^.  J. ». 


,  AMwr  bvotkcrV  bboie^at.  HonnOow,.  Mrs. 
Allen,  vnfe  ti  Ralph  l^^ght  Aliens  cfq.  of 
NewHoufe^  in-EffsB. 

In  Henrietta-ftreeH  Covcnt-garden,  Ed- 
vwd  HiBi'ef).  a  genttamao  who,  fronl^e 
fiift  inAitution  of  the  Whig  Club  of  England, 
fiUcd  tho  impofUnt  office  of  Secretary  with 
the  univcr£il  and  oooftant.  approbadon  of  the 
Society.  The  integrity  and  condibency  of  his 
political  life,  and  the  native  nrbanity  of  hit 
mvvkepy  will  ^ng«nd«nr  hit  memory  to  his 
fiends*  and  to  all  dbelovcraof  poUtical  libectj. 

In  Upper  lUrley-fticeC,  in  an  apople^e 
fit,  J.Kingftone,  efq. 

->  la  VoU-MaUf  Mn.P|ulUpa»  wife  of  Wm. 
Phillips,  efq. 

:  A<  KivgMbodge,   Mrs.  EHsabcth   Mac- 
dooald^eldelk  daughter  di  H^m  Macdonald. 
'  In  Queen  Ann^ftreet,  We*,  Mra.  Black- 
wood, wifeofCapt*  Blackmw>d, 

At  her  houfe,  in  her  SjA  yaar,  Mrs.  GuK 
sard*     * 

At  Haiierton,  after  « ISngeiing  Blneis,  Mrs. 
liddiaid*      • 
.    At  Fimrwo^  Mr*  Yeates,  fen.  , 

At9c  Oeoqge'a  in  «be  1^  aged  ^,  Mrs* 
PiemlntHB* 

At  her  houfe  in  Corzoo^ftree^  May^^ur,  ia 
te  iSad  yofry  Mrs.  Whittn. 

In  Earl-ftreet,  Bladcfriars,  Mr.  John  ^roain 
Htft,  .«te  ofihe  hue  Aidannan  Hart. . 

On  the  2xft  of  November,  1797*  dicd«  hk 
OraveUaney  So«thHr«ltt  John*  Macquire* 
ag)Bd  «5,  who6  evemtfM  lite,  might  /nrntih 
mateaals  ftr  aa  inttsefting  liiftoryi-  if  te 
hmiaaUg  amudrof  the  poor  could  by  claim  to 
public  attcnfton*'  - 

-Hewasori^naUy  bind  a^ardene^  bitt£pom 
circumftances  became  a  feaman,  in  which, 
capacity  he  ftipveChls  ooiMtry  on  board  Ihe 
Medway^nan  of  war,  when  that  fliip,  tindsr 
the  command  of  Commodore  John  Bladca 
Tinker,  e<q.  aAkd  aa  the  fiege  of  Pondi- 
ehenf  r  hi  the  old  Fnach  war  f  and  Iharod  in 
tbe  Wun^  ol  the  Habob  of  Arcot,  on  thot 
oecaiion* 

Retomiyig  on  die  mwJiifrin  of  peace  to  tho 
occD^tioa  bf  a  day  labourer,  he  worked  oc« 
ca&mally  at  a  foundry  in  Soii(hwark,  till  tho 
omc  of  the  Amokan  war,-wben  hU  adivo 
ifhid  a^  piompai^  him  ia  the  fervice  of 
hia  countrv,  he  enCbed  on  boasd  the  Mary 
]Ucter  of  Manque^  of  LoMdon,  commanded 
by  Capt.  Robert  Bcatly,  in  which  fldp  he 
made  a  voyage  ttf  the  Weft  hiAek 
'  On  hit  vetora,  beiaf  taken  mto  the  navy,. 
He  fervod  on  bo«d  the  AAaon  man  of  war^ 
in  a  voyage  to  Afika  jod.  tlir  Weft  lodiss, 
wHeoce  he  was  tiansientd  to  ^Cumpm  ftoK 
iBtp,  bound  »  England 

From  this  ihlp,  difaaafted,  virater-logged, 
a^  foundering,  he  was  almdft  adracuioufly 
iaved  by  his  old  commandfr  Captain  Beatly, 
M'ho  fortunately  came  in  fight,  when  thp 
Orampai  was  in  the  groateft  dlftrefs. 

He  was  now  again  conveyed  to  the  Weil 
Mfes,  and  imving  become  an  invalid^  was 
lent  home  in  a  f^n^^^rt* 


DEATHS,  ABROAD., 
At  Hanover,    00  the  ftd  Inft.    1^  well- 
known  Hanoverian  General  Fifyta(#  in  Uie 
77th  year  of  his  tfc.    . 

At  Haaahurgh,  on  the  iK.th  Inll.  Sjchevca, 
the  rich  banker.  He  was  fuppoicd  to  be 
worth  a  millioo,  and  with  this  imaaasife  pro- 
perty wsa  a  mifer  of  the  moft  penurious 
caiL 

At  Calcutta,  Hugh  Mac  teod»  eCq-  Sub- 
Secretary  of  the  Covemovnt,  and.ol4eft  foi 
of  Dai^el  Mac  Leod,  eft.,  of  Goanci^  in  Kofs 

At  Dacca,  in  Bengal,  ClUrlet  Taylor,  c^. 
a  fcnior  menshaat  in  the  Hon.  S«ft  f  Adln  Com- 
pany*s  fervtoe. 

In  the  Eaft  Indies,  U<tt«sAant^ColooeI  John 
Coae.  .  ♦ 

At  Spanifli  Town,  Janoaica,  Henry  Muon), 
efi{.  fuigoa^,  ofSLTimmasdnthfiVale. 

On  his  pailage  from  the  Weft  4n4^  ta 
America,  Robert  Mafter^  M.  D*  Myficiao 
to  the  Briti(h  forces  at  St.  Domingo^,  nod' lacs 
of  Great  Pjsttney-ftieet,  Bath. 

At  Tobago,  Lieut.  J«  M.  Hardty,  of  the 
Cyane  /loop,  only  fon  of  Chartet  Mnddocks 
H^rdc)^  efq.  of  Chailot|eT(t<eet,  Pcttlaoi- 
pla^o*  .      . 

At  Pifa,  In  Italy,  Ralph  Lambcoo,  elq. 
Member  for  Durham. 

At  the  fame  place',  In  hit  aoth  year,  M:. 
Charies  Lubbock,  youngeft  fqn  of  Williaif 
Lubbock*  ciq.  of  i^aflupasi  iQ  Nodblk. 

FROn 


17980 


<?»    )" 


Motrnvwwtitj.Av^  aup  dviham. 


A^ 


PROviNCIAL.  bCCURREl^'CES*: 

iheixmMlm  tht..P.9kcei^  dfc.  •f'^v^ty  Fart  of  the  Kingdom  ;  tijith  Nsiica  •/ 
tmimefu  itiuviagwSf  amd  of  all  rbit*Deatk^  reemriid  in  the  ProviiuiaLBnnff ; 
H  'Wbith  it^e  }t4d€d^Bngrafhi€alAne4!d9tet  tf  rtmarluMi  un4  diJHngMiJktd 
CharkBefs,   • "        '     -  -  ,  . 

•^*  fotiheXUm^iniencc  of  our  Humerus  froT/hciaHt/afUKSt  thir  Defar'AtfM$  of 
4^.  iMiiyffgy'lif.  is,  cli^dt.  at  confid4rable  Expcnce  and  Trouble^  into  4tfinM 
CmmHifitkHk^Bt^  A0isafigtd  Ggograpbicalfy. 

fff  C^nH^cations  fp(i5T  Th1t>)  to}his  Department  of  the  Monthly  Magaziftti 
farticularhy  of  bhgraphicat  Mefnoltf  of  eminent  *^  rematitabte  Charaders^ 

ni)Ut  iiJyiiirys  be  redely ed  and  noticed 'wiib^Craiitu^ 

At  Norton,  near  Stockton  upoo  Teefe,  Mr« 
Ralph  DsviToh.  ' 

CUMBERLAND    AMD    WESTIfO«Et.A)>l1>.  ' 

A  eorii  marieety  to  be  'kdd  weekly,  every 
Friday,  under  die'  fandion  of  tl^  £ni  of 
Egremonty  will  be  opened  at  Hetfeot  Keir 
MfBfket^  \m  tke  id  day  of  Febm^.  -  The 
great  diftance  of  any  other  market  ghrea  groimtf 
to  hope,  that  in  poincof  dme,  troabitt  ted  cz- 
pence,  both  buyers  and'  fellers  will  reap  cfion- 
tnl  benefit  from  this  cfltfblifhzfient. 

Aibw,'  kept  at  HoHowmire,  liear  Ulve rftoa, 
which  was  only  fdur  years  old  laf^Sepfeem bert- 
has iarrowcd  it^  pigs,  which,  onan-avenge, 
if  57  per  year;  and,  except  the'^rf^  time, 
alwayt  brought  up  13.  Within  iQ'weeks  -snA 
liitee  days,  ih^  6imiiiied twifce. '  TMtajfbrdt  a 
plairi  pvoof,  that,  asfiton  a  the  prgs  are  taken 
<df^  toe  fow  will  brebd-  a^n  dired|y.  Thr 
anifflaJ  in:  t^ueftien  went  to  tlie  mate  the  vcry 
neitt  day,  and- ^the  young  were  tidten:  Away  at 
-tftpee  weeks  -old-,  which  is  coiftrsiy  tb  the 
generally  received  potion.  The  twncr/pf^thir 
p^  has  cleared*4d  poands  by  her/withiiir  dftlci 
fSnr  )etrs.  Thfe  latf  j;car  but  one,  he  dcirc* 
i^f.  'f4s.  ^uch  fiiectiRi  tfught'to  encoungc 
finners  in  tfie  breed  of  pigi^  whidr  mighf  hf^ 
'  rendered  a  g^eatnatbnal  and  individva)  benefitr 
-Heniy  Fhher^  oF  High  Batk^Honfe,  nL  tbi' 
pariih  of  SetmuTtiiy,  Uieiypot  an  endt  to  hil' 
own  e«ihlKe,  by  hangrngv  He  had  frequentljr 
given  ijiti|iv.atlcns  of  hrs  ^:fign  to  his nifp,  wtidF 
not  tfii^  Wat  particnlarly-tlgrftant  herfelf  to^e- 
feat  his  purpofe,  but  engaged  feveral  of  tNl 
ne^hbburs  to  watch  him  in  his  fblltary  walks. 
One  day,  however,  whilil  fome  bo)*s  were  playw- 
Inj^  near  liis  hanr,*  he  entered  it,  locked  th« 
dcor  after  him,  and  thruft  the  key  under  't,  fy 
ai'to'fae  eafily*  dhCer^ed.  'Frprn'^the  general 
compiexbfi  of  the  cicciRiiftanc«»-,  -it  ppj^rs,' 
that  l\is  intentions  were  .rather  to  create  ;ar 
alarmy  ttian  a£^dally;  tt>  <dcih^oy  -hiinfelf.  Bnt, 
upon. the  door  being  unlocked^  the  unhappy' 
matf  i^s^'ftdhd  death  He'  had^  hung  himfeU, 
and  the-  rope  Lrdakhrf,  he  ^il  over  a  ifart,  hf 
which  accidehr  he  broke  his  back* 

Mbtnid'.J  At-Carit&f,  Walter  ScOtr,  ciij: 
advocate,  to  Mils'  Margaret  Charlotte  C^v 
p<mter,  datfghtet  of  the  late  John  Carpeoier, 
^0.  of  Che*  city  of  Lyonif.     Mr.  Anthony 


•T  a  hkte  lii^etfngof  the  Grocers  in  Kew- 
L  caffi^  tke  AitH  of'  13!,  was  Aibfcribed 
towafdsAippottii^imd-etT6Qding  the  humane* 
Ht«ttftirl  of  the  Cort  or  Lfe  Boat^  at  SootM 
Sbtetdt,  of  sphM  Vtftumftantial  mendon  i» 
Aade  ifl  odr  taft  monHTs  Magaztne. 

Charfes  JnKft  BihndGng,  e^,-  has  httti 
cleded  fijeprelbitatise  m  Parliament,  for  the 
tofm  of  KewctlHe^  in'tfte  room  i»f  his  father, 
«h«  h»  refigmsd  his  feat.' 

Marriat.l  At'Nd^reftAle',  Mr.  Jdhn  Dbt-^ 
chfr^  toMMlrOoiothy  Mackay<  Mr.  Thtoothy 
WbCm,  of  Ae  Star  aiid  Garter  h)n,  to  MiA 
WsMbn.  Captain  Wm.  RutheHbid^  of  <>vft^ 
b<fmB4d||e,  to  Mift  Hannah  BadUbgtim,  of 
Byittr-ftiU,  wtM'  Ke#ca«^     ' 

Mr.  Tliomas  Elliot,  AtsgeQa  in  Newcai^lt, 
to  Mift  Cany,  dtanghter  of  Robert  Cany,  d^. 
•f  Kihop-Oidt,  county  of -Durham. 

At  Boldeii,  Mr.  Wm.  Jowfey,  of  KortH 
Shiefds,  to  MM  RdberCs.  diughcer  of  Cher  late 
J«fephRbhertt«  el^.bf  Moto^th.^     ' 

At  Stoelttois,  Mr.  Hosier,  of  Tfewfhiit, 

aeir  Yttm^  to  Wlfs  l^^on#,  of  tlK^  former 

pJtce.      ■*•''.  ■■      ' 

AtAlMvkk,  Mr.  Peter  Chariton,  of  MHri 

caflie,  le  Mift  Uplkl,  of  the  ftoner  plai^ '"' 

D'teiA  M  NewcaftW,  in  her  67^1  yeter, 
Mrs.  £ljitbd«h*  If «atfey.  Mr*  RkhaM  Dob-' 
fffi,  aOofiMV.  AMd  ya,  Mrs.  I^ablcha  Smiths 
Mr.jatobMlk  Aged  6o>  Mr.  Wffl.  Tickle^ 
fen.  clock  and  watch  maker.  Mr.  JohW 
Spoonflr,  'OT'tiio  -  t^MiiiiM  • 

Ukewife4  Mr.  Ji  WesltherheM^  flcttr  :-  Bt} 
ms  empiofed^  fa  'paekin;  Hates  -atSj^ocer's 
Qoay,  oenr  thtf  laval-graapr,  when  he  on-' 
/onoottely  ftil  fnoo  the  River,  tb^d'w;^ 
drowned..  -  .    .     s 

At  Yifuri  Hbat  t  eriioss^Mi,  Mr.*  Whi. 
DowfoR,  'mmdfint,       '        *:  . 

At  htxfciiinn,'  a^  fy^l^'-Wiii.  :vnflthi« 
iba,  rope-maker.  ^ 

At  bts  ibaV  hodCo^  koar  <iini^fidi^  aged  ^t^ 
Mr.  ]ohMoi«er. '  '    • 

Ar'^ethertoo,  afrer  •  (hovriflnefs);  Mr.  J* 
FMU,'ileirafd  «o<tlie»dHl'of  CarUfle. 

At  Sondbfand,  In  his  57Ch  year,  Mr.  Tl^^ 
■BsHiytuir^   - 
At  Kotlih^iy^  Wfi  Calliinrine^'Wilkip, 


7* 


Gtmherlani  end  lt^efimtrttlmi...,Laneafiirl. 


IJw. 


Benn,  of  ll<iifiQgbaia»  to  MUi  Fnaeet  YearSf 
•fCarlifle.       ^         -  . 

At  WkttehsveQ,  Mr.  WlUam  WeUn  of 
VForltittgtODy  to  Mift  Catlurlne  Blocks,  of  tbft 
ibrnier  place. 

At  Bdunptofiy  Mr.  Thomas  Kobl^,  of  High 
Hotr,  to  Mif*  A«A  NlOioiroo^  of  Knlpct  l>oeb 
in  that  pariih. 

At  Cfofthwaibe  church,  near  Kcfwick,  Mr. 
Danld  jopfon,  of  Borroiwdale,  to  Mifs  Betty 

At  Uiverfton,  Mr.  Wm.  Turner  Seadft,  to 
Mifs  liabcHa  TrinkhaU. 

Ac  Cockermottthy  Mr.  CUrk*  J^wcUer^  to 
Mifs  Dover. 

At  Morelby,  Mr.  Wm.  Lawfon,  to  Mifs 
Jane  Slater. 

At  Wlgton,  Mr.  Sandsrfon,  merchants  to 
Mil*  Todd.     .  ...         • 

At  Wabburthwaitc,  Mr.  Jonathan  Whin- 
ficrah,  -of  RaveiigUf.:y  to  Mi£»  Hannah  Bor* 
xowdalr^  of  the  former  pJacc» 

At  Brampton,  the  rcy.  Thomas  Hamftay^- 
to  MUa  Ewarc,  only  daughter  of  the  late  David 
Ewjrt,  c£|.  of  Brampton. 

DW.]  In  V/hitehaven,  in  the  prime  oflifey 
Mrs.  H.  Skelton*  In  her  51ft  year,  Mr$. 
Mary  Nutsford*  SuU4*.nIyi/^r.  John  Sower- 
by,  mariner.  Mr.  ICo^c  Twcdlc.  ,  la  his 
2^d  year,  Mr.  .Thopiii>  Fleming, 

At  Cariiilc,  fuddienlvj  Mr.  Thorn a»  Smith,, 
town-major. 

At  Kendal,  in  an  advanced  age,  Mr.  Jofcph 
Cough.'  Mifs  Elizabeth  Chambre.  Mr«. 
Giles  Batty.-  On  his  return  from  Madeira^ 
aged  26,  Mr.  Wm-  ^yakcfield  }  and,  on,  New 
Yeafs  day,  aged  aS,  his  brother,  .Mr.  Edward 
Wakdield,  Ibas  oi  John  Wakefield, banker^  ia . 
Kendal. 

.  At  WameU-fcUyln  the  pariih  ojf  Sebcrg^iam, 
Duncan  Robinfon,  aged  loo  yeats.  H(;  boro 
arms  in  the  icrvice  ot  George  the  f  irft,  during; 
the  rebellion  of  1 7 1 5.  He  ferved  afterward*  ut . 
the  wars,  and  was  pr^icnt  at,  moft  of  the  mc-  . 
morabie  battles  and  fiugc;^,  that  Great  Briuun 
was  concerned  in,  till  the  yeitf  1760. 

At  Threepthvvaite,  near  Whitehaven^  aged' 
94,  Mr.  D'Arcy  Curwen. 

At  Neft,  near  Kefwick,  aged  9^  Mr.'Jofeph 
Hodgfoo. 

'  At  Chefnut-Hill,  Ukewife  near  Kefwick». 
Mr.  James  Culling. 

At  Gihhwaiterlgg,  near  Kendal,  Mr.'Th9* 
Bayncs. 

At  Workingtim,  aged  73,  Mn.  Sarah 
Cowx,  i^ged  87,  MX.  JofcpK  Steele.  Mis. 
M^O'  Heron. 

At  DiiTmgton,  in  her  Sift  year,  Mrs.Doro- 
diyHefkett. 

At  Harrafdykcy  at  the  advanced  age  of  95,' 
James  Ladly,  who,  for  many  years,  was  in 
the  habit  of  walking  the  ftreets  of  Whitehaven, 
with  a  wooden  leg,  and  leading  an  afs,  with 
befoms  for  falc.  By  this  occupation,  and 
iahic  fmall  relief  from  the  pariih  of  Halt- 
whiiUe,  in  Northumbcr^d,  (the  place  of  his 
n^tiyity)  he  was  enabled  to  *fupport  himfelf 
decently,  tili  within  a  few  weeks  of  his  dcceafc* 


His  facoJties  wtrr  uaimpvred  to  the  day  of  hit 
Heath:    '    .    .     ' 

LANCAtHraX. 

The  Kaniet^  of  Liverpool,  be)aDg^i|  to 
T.  Barton,  ef(|.  has  isnde  no  lels  Uiaa  %i 
voyages  from  that  poit  to  Barbidoes,  avl 
back,  during  the  lail  layesrs and  thieemombi ;  . 
an  inllance  of  commercial  expedition  fcaKcly 
to  be  paraletled.  In  the  courfe  of  her  fuc- 
cefltve  vovages,  ihe  has  taken  and  retaken  s 
conlideraUe  numb^of  vefleli'from  the  cnetay, 
and  rdcued  fevesal  others  from  faUing  intb  the 
hands  of  tlie  Frcndb 

The  officers  of  the.  Rochilale  Volanic* 
Corns  hivc  agreed  to  give  a  premium  of  10 
guineas  to  every  volunteer  who  ihall  have,  ia 
lawful  wedlock^  twin  male  cluldven  boro  alive, 
and  that  fuch  of  the  officers  as.  the  parents 
ihall  approve  of,  ihall  ilaod  godfather  on  tht 
occaiion.  Thefe  gentlemen  hiid  latefy  an  op- 
^rtunity  of  appropriating  this  huinane  and 
|udiciOiis  donation,  the  wite  of  ope  Aihworth, 
a  private  in  Capt.  H amir's  €(»npaay,  haviog 
been  fjfely  delivered  oi  two  iine  boys. 

Mjrr}e<L\ .  At  "Lineailcr,  Capt.  Qi^lllanu, 
of  the  ihip  Blpra,  to  I^.fs  Blapd. 

At  Manchcfter,  Mr.  John  Crune,of  Bolioe, 
to  MiTs  Mary  Broadbeot,  oi  the  ibrmfsr  town. 
Mr.  Maurice  Lewis,  ^to  Mii^  .Pani<4*  Mr. 
}o^n  Knowlei,  to  Mrs.,  Robinfon.  Mr. 
Ifaclur.  Thorn,  jun«>  to.,M>ic  Siddall.  Mr. 
Thomas  Perkins,  to  A^if^  .Gharrocce  fipoey. 
Mr.  James  Grindmd,  com-iador«  to  Miis 
Scenes.  , 

Ac  Liverpool,  Mr..  James  Browo^  fuigeon^ 
to'Mi^ii*  Sarah  Skelhome,. of.  Everton.  Mi. 
Jonathan  Dixon,  to  Mifs  Owen,  daughur  of 
the  late  rev.  Mr.  Qwen,  of  Aiig^ifea*  Capt, 
Cawn,  to  Mils  jobnibn.  ^r.  Jenathsa 
Garrett,,  to  Mif»  Ehs^'beth.  Matthew.  Capt/ 
John  Kendall^  of  thv  F^i^e,  to  Mifs  Aa» 
Baldwin.      Mr. 'John  Tobm,  to  Mifs  Af- 

At  Crolby,  .iwar  Liverpool*  Mr..Tho0a» 
Wtiffht,  of  Leeds,  to  Mifs  T^nf^,  youngfi^ 
daughter  of  the  t^te  Stephen  j^^liifieSL^^'^ 
Broughtoo-Hall.     - 

At  Saifoid,  Mr.  John  CregpQv.to  Mil* 
Harkman.  , 

Mr.  Wm.  Reece,  of  Oldham,  cotton-maott' 
laauxor,  to  Mi^  Whitehead. 

At  Rochdalcy  the  rev.  Wqi.  Hodgfoo,  tt 
Mils  Hay.  ..    , 

At  Oxmikark,  Mr,  S.  Sheaffoa,  to  MX 
Riddi  hough. 

At  Bla<:kburi?»  Mr.  RuiSel,  4>f  Mancheiler, 
to  Mifs  Ainfworth,  of  the  former  tuwn. 
.  DktW]    At  Lancaiter,  aged  74,  Mr.  Jolm 
Fofter. 

At  Llvecpool,  Air.  John  Clarke^  theoUcft 
clerk  in  the  Cuftom-Houfe  of  that  port.  Aged 
93,  Mrs.  WiUl  n.  Mrs.  Gregory.  Atter  a 
KVere  and  tedious  ilinefs,  Mr.  Robert  Tyrer,. 
joineiv  Aged  80,  Mrs.  Grectham.  Miis 
Rebecca  Brown.  Mr.  Henry  Rigby.  Mr.  J. 
P.  Sutton.    Mifs  Uiher,   Mrs.  BaiUie. 

At  Manchetter,  aged  73,  Mr.  John  DaoieL 

Mrs^Hatfiddt 

^  la 


I79«l 


Ttrk^tre—Linuhi^rt, 


It 


In  Uf  S^  yHfi  \}\t  Mr.  T.  Wtlker, 

iniiiiAer  of  Dou^lai  chtpe),  in  this  county^ 
Ac  FTixtoo,  as^d  76»*Mn.  Gilbody. 
Ac  Bottoo  1^  Mooit)  Ml  confe^uence  of  a 

t^  dawn  ftair»i  Mrs.  Sco&U. 
AtBIickbura«  Mn.  Shtrplei,  widow. 
At  AodertDQ,  Mr.  J*  Cliyfeon. 
After  atong  and  pMnfonnneTit  Mn.  Had« 

fidd.ofTvvisMm. 

■  At  Ui^S,  fuddenly,  in  his  6%d  ytar»  the  tCT» 

Junes  Hkrtley,  of  M  ardnfbroft^  near  Warring- 

too,  vicar  of  Leigh,  and  nHnlfteir  of  Hoknfax«| 

both  in  tkh  county. 
At  O«feborough,  near  Blackbttrn^  at  the 

wiy  xhranced  age  of  103,  Mr.  T.  Singleton* 
At  ArttHty^  aged  toz,  Mrs.  Ann  Simpfon. 
At  Warrmgto«>  Mn.  Wilfon. 
At  LiTerpoo]^  in  h!a  (ytfo  year,  WilUam 
Jamea,el^.  ^ 

ToatsMiam. 
The  TwAirt  ChoKh  Burgeflb^  at  SheSdd^ 
hare  fiiMcfibed  50  guineas  annually  to  die 
Hev  Oenar^  Infirmary  at  that  place. 

The  Corporation  of  Mull  have  very  pa- 
Ineticaliy  fdblved  Co  fubfcrihe  500I.  towarda 
the  exigences  of  the  State,  in  this  alarmmg 
orifis.  For  this  pai^(^,  ^  faJary  of  the 
Mayor  is  to  he  difcontinued ;  and  an  addrcA 
hat  bttn  agreed  to,  recommending  his  Worfliip 
to  give  no  more  poblic  dinner*,  on  any  accoa&t 
vhatever. 

Beilby  Thompfon,  efq.  hefides  a  donation  of 
t«o  fat  h^ikfi  aAd  a  quantity  of  wheat  to  the 
poor  of  Efcricke  and  Whildrake,  haa  traof- 
iiiirted  t!he  fum  oftcoi,  to  the  Lord  Mayor  of 
York,  to  be  diftrShoted  among  the  neceflitous 
poor  of  diat  city.  To  render  diis  liberal  beoe- 
fidion  is  diffafive  as  poAbk,  the  pariih  ottcen 
hafc  been  Mouefted  to  fumi/h  lifts  of  proper 
o^edi  ih  their  refpeflive  diftrlAs,  among 
whom  it  win  be  diftributed  in  fmal!  fums. 

MMrrkdA  At  York,  Mr.  John  Morley,  to 
Mifs  £ .  Beale,  of  Dringboufes. 

At  Leeds,  Mr*  Wm-  Bingley,  of  ChapeU 
Atknca,  to  Mifs  Gledhil.  Sir  Francis  Lind* 
tey  Wood,  Bart,  of  Bowling- Hatl)  to  Mift 
Buck,  eJdeft  daughter  of  Samuel  Bock,  efq.  of 
NevCnnge,  near  Leeds. 

At  ShefficM,  Mr.  Johll  Hoylej  Xa  Mlft 
SanhFox. 

At  BfidlingtOD,  Mf.  Wtute,  furgeoK  in  the 
34th  Regiment,  to  Mifs  Taylor. 

At  Httd<krtfield,  Mr.  Kcir,  of  Horrforth, 
to  Mlft  Metcalfe,  daughter  of  Mr«  Metcalfei 
fopervifor  at  the  former  place.  Alfo  Jofeph 
fis'gh,  efq.  of  Cotcar-Hall,  t6  Mils  Amelia 
Fentoii,  fKOTiA  daughter  of  Wm.  Fenton,  efq* 
of  Spring-Grove. 

At  Beveslejry  Capt.  TroUope,  of  die  40th 
regiment  of  tib^  to  Mi(s  Mary  Ford,  fecond 
daughter  of  the  rev.  Dr.  Ford,  of  the  former 
place. 

At  Oftiey,  Mr.  Themaa  Shaw,  furgeon  and 
apothecary,  to  Mifs  Catharine  Stanhope  Had- 
don,  youngeft  daughter  of  the  itv.  P.  Haddoii^ 
vicar  of  Leeds* 

MeMTiifcT  Mao.  N«*XXVn. 


At  South^Ottrlnetofl,  Mr.  Thotnaa  Btam« 
ley>  juo.  to  Mifs  Cilby,  late  of  London. 

At  Whitby,  Mr.  Stort,  (bipmafter,  to  Mifs 
Robittfon. 

At  Hull,  Lieut.  Adamfon,  of  the  Sony 
Militia,  ti  Mifs  ChrifUana  Sotheran.  Andy 
on  the  fame  day,  Mr.  Vernon  Sotheran,  jon* 
to  Mrs.  Rouiby,  of  Croom,  near  Malton. 

DiedJ\  At  Yoik,  Mrs.  Deighton.  In  hif 
87th  year,  the  rev.  John  Whittell,  formerly 
paAor  of  a  congrtgadon  0^  proteftant  difl^ntert^ 
at  Brighthelmftone.  He  had  boencOnSned  to 
his  houfe  for  the  fpace  of  10  years,  fimn  the 
misfortune  of  a  broken  thigh,  Itnperfe^y  fet. 
He  retained  the  ofe  of  kit  faculties  to  the  laft, 
and  bore  his  long  confinement  with  eiemplar^ 
fortitude  and  reftgnation. 

'At  Leeds,  Mr.  Hiirft,  attorney*  Mr.  Daf id 
Lupton,  feeond  fon  of  Mr*  Arthur  Lo^oni 
merchant.  Mr.  Gcoi;^  Patdlbn.  Mr.  Wm^ 
Hafxion^ 

At  Ackworth,  the  rev.  Charles  Butter^  vitar 
of  Bolton  upon  Deami  and  chaplain  to  did 
countcfs  dowager  of  Mexborough. 

At  Beverley,  aged  40,  Mrs.  Browmfgg. 

At  Ponteirad,  of  an  apopleOic  fit,  Mifi 
Fofs,  only  daugboer  of  the  late  Mr.  Fofs,  of 
Bawtry.  In  his  40th  year,  Mr.  Koble,  fur* 
geen  and  apothecary. 

At  Scarborough,  In  hia  44di  year,  Mr.  WiU 
liam  Wil]iamfon»  landing  waiter  In  tli0  Cutf^ 
toms  at  that  port. 

At  Leybuni,  in  the  North  Riding,  aged  73, 
George  Bouftead. 

At  Barton  upon  the  Kofflber,  aged  92,  Mr.i 
Marris,  formerly  in  the  profeflion  ot  the  Uw^ 
Arom  which  he  had  retired  ieveral  years* 

At  Bretton,  near  Wakefield,  Mr.  Noble» 
many  years  agent  to  die  late  Sir  Thomaa 
Blackett,  bart.  and  fince  to  Colonel  Bcao- 
moot,  of  Brctton-Hall. 

At  Gainiborougk,  aged  79,  MnWm.Oonec* 

At  Market  Weightoof  Mr.  Wm*  Breighton* 

At  Hull,  fuddenly,  Mr*  MilUbo,  book* 
feller  and  (Utioner.  In  his  26th  year,  the  rev. 
Thomas  Browne,  late  of  Bridlington,  nephew 
to  Mr*  Thomas  Browne,  bookfeUer,  in  HulU 
In  his  figdi  year,  General  Adams,  formerly  in 
the  Eaft  India  fervice. 

At  the  fame  place,  in  the  cowfii  of  hit 
fecond  Mayoralty,  and  in  the  81ft  year  of  hia 
age,  the  Wotihipful  John  Banks,  e^. 

LINCOLNSHIBt. 

The  Bifliop  of  Lincoln's  exertions  to  e(HbUfii 
a  fund  for  the  relief  uf  the  widows  and  orphan 
of  clergymen  belonging  to  the  county  of  Lin- 
coln, have  been  cr»wned  with  great  foccefs* 
From  the  printed  lift  of  benefadort  and  fub- 
icribers,  it  appearS|  that  the  beoefadions  al- 
ready received  amount  to  5291.  Its.  and  the 
annual  fubfcription  to  603 1.  15  s.  Both  diefe 
i\iTa$,  it  is  confidently  hoped,  will  be  confider- 
ably  increa(cd,  hefore  the  firft  amiMl  atediy* 
next  Midfummer.    . 

Marrkd,]  At  Walfall.  Mr.  Thnmas  Htp^ 
wood,  of  Aldridge,  to  Mrs.  Mary  Fraucc^  of 
Cold  Faraa^  asaaideftlady,  afsd  6|. 


f^     NorthamptonJhiri.M*DirbyJhire...CheJhire...SbropJhirej  Wr.    ■^]an; 


.  At  Loutfa»  Mr.  BrowBf  muficun,  to  Mifs 
Dennlifi. 

D/ri.]  At  Lincoln,  Mr.  Robinfon.  Mrs. 
Poyntell,  fifter  of  Mr.  Wm.  Taylor,  at  the 
public  office  for  aews-papers,  Warwick-fquare, 
London. 

At  StupforB,  Mrs.  Apfey.  Mr.  Thomas 
Robinlbn,  grocer.     Mifs  Lilly. 

At  Bridge  Cafterton,  near  Stamford,  Mn. 
Robinfon. 

At  Corrington,  Mrs.  Rutherford. 

At  Heighlngton,  near  Lincoln,  Mr.  John 
Brown. 

yoTTIKGHAMSRIKX, 

Married  J]  At  Nottingham,  Mr.'W.  Wain- 
wrjght^  jun.  to  MHs  Elisabeth  Hornbuckle, 
of  Barfton,  Ldccft^flure.  Mr.  Billiard, 
bofier,  in  Narrowmarih,  to  Mifs  TunnicIifFe, 
of  Aihborne,  Dcrbyflurc.  The  rev.  R.  Wolef. 
Ipy^  to  Mifs  M.  Middlemore.  Mr.  Wilfon, 
to  Mifs  Moxley.  Mr.  J.  Martin,  to  Mifs 
Hen/haw. 

Richard  Welby,  ffq.  of  North  Muskham, 
to  Mifs  Briftowe,  of  Bcefthorp  Hall. 

ViedA  At  Nottingham,  Mrs.  James. 

At  £aft  Retford,  William  HoUand,  M.D. 

DKRnrSBISZ. 

Marrud,"]  Mr.  Spencer,  furgeon.  of  Duf- 
field,  to  Mi(s  Elizabeth  Hancock,  of  Derby. 

The  infant  daughter  of  Sir  Nigel  Bowyer 
Grefley,  bart.  of  Drakelow. 

CHKSHIRXi 

Married,]  At  Chefter,  Mr.  Wm.  Hanop, 
to  Mifs  Mary  Owen. 

Died,"]  At  Cheftcr,  Mr.  R.  Duke,  a  re- 
l^edabie  fchool-maftei-.  Mr.  Benjamin  Yox- 
all.     Mr.  Henry  Clubbe.     Mrs.  Led(ham. 

At  Nantwich,  Mr.  R.  Spencer. 

AtMalpa^,  at  the  advanced  age  of  03,  James 
l>ovey,  a  pauper.  The  longevity  of  many  of 
the  inhabitants  sif  this  town,  is  frequently  in- 
ibuced  as  a  proof  of  the  f.Jubrity  o^  its  air. 
.  At  Tarvin,  after  a  k>ng  and  fcvere  illnefs, 
Mr.  Thomas  Sadler. 

SHROrSHIRE. 

Married,]  At  St.  Mary*s,  Shrewsbury, 
Mr.  Dixon,  of  Liverpool,  to  Mifs  Boorcc,  of 
Che  former  town. 

At  Ludlow,  Mr.  James  Na(h,  to  Mifs 
Boulcot.  Mr.  Edward  Harries,  to  Mrs.  Shep- 
pard. 

At  Wem,  Mr.  Edwards,  grocer,  to  Mifs 
.  Martha  Harper.  Mr.  Badger,  of  Ellefmere, 
to  Mifs  Jeffi«ys,  of  Wcm. 

Died,}  At  Shrewsbury,  Mr.  Thomas  Co>- 
nCf  partner  in  the  mercantile  houfe  of  Carrie 
and  Craig.  In  his  57ih  year,  after  a  fevere 
and  lingering  iUnefs,  Mr.  Charles  Fowler. 
Mrs.  Morhall.     Aged  87,  Mrs.  Hcarfon. 

At  Ludlow,  aged  72,  Mr.  H;immends, 
baker.    Mrs.  Tipton. 

At  Market  Drayton^  Philip  Hinton,  efq. 
His  lofs  w'lU  be  feverel/  felt  by  the  poor  in  that 
Acighbourhood. 

At  Whixall,  Mn.  Pilcc,  wife  of  the  wr* 
Mr.  Price,  Curate  of  that  place. 

At  Worthen,  Mr  Tbonus  Davici. 


At  Berrittgton,  Mrv.  Lawrence* 

At  EUefroere,  Mr.  Edwanis. 

At  Claremont  Hill,  Mr.  John  I«eech* 

At  NeiTdifi;  aged  S7,  Mrs.  Hayward. 
sTArroRDSRxax. 

Married*]  At  Seigford,  near  Stafford, 
Wm.  Phillips  Inge,  e(<{,  of  Thorp  Conftaa- 
tine,  to  the  RigHt  Hon.  Lady  Elizabeth  Eu. 
phemia  Stewart,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of 
Gallowav. 

At  Cbeckley,  near  Cheadle,.  thf  ret.  Mr. 
Langley,  to  Mrs.  Okeover. 

Died,]  Near  Stafford,  aged  50,  Mr.  Briad- 
ley,  fuppofcd  to  be  the  fatteft  man  of  hli 
height  in  the  kingdom. 

At  Newcaftle  under  Line,  Mr.  Robt.  Smlth» 
fon  to  Mr.  James  Smith,  bookfcUer* 

LIICXSTXRSHIRX. 

Orders  have  been  given  by  G.  WeHcrii,  eC}. 
of  the  General  Poil-office,  Aat  ail  Ictten, 
pot  in  at  Mountforrel,  ihall  >e  Ibrwarded  to 
Leicefterand  Lougjhboroughonthe  day  of  their 
being  delivered,  and  in  like  manner  iirom  tho£& 
places  to  Mountforrel. 

Married.]  At  Leicefter,  Mr.  Cox,  to  Miia 
Bruce. 

At  Branilon,  Mr.  Gregg,  of  Oankorpe,  ti 
Mifs  Henlhaw,  of  the  former  place. 

At  Lelcefler,  Mr.  Cort,  toMift  AnnRobia- 
ibn,  fecond  daughter  of  the  rer.  Mr.  Robinfon. 

At  Sebfon,  Mr.  Shenfton,  to  Mils  Lydia 
Shenfton. 

Vied.]  AtLeicefter,Mr.  J.Barfoot.  Aged 
87,  Mrs.  Bland. 

At  Aihby  dc  la  Zouch,  on  the  J7th  inft.  in 
his  78th,  year,  after  an  tUncfs  of  two  months, 
Thomas  Kirkland,  M.  D.  Member  of  the 
Royal  Medical  Society,  Edinburgh,  and  of  the 
Medical  Society  in  London,  Author  of  Medical 
Surgery,  and  many  other  valuable  publications. 
By  his  death,  the  community  has  loft  a  xeak>us 
enquirer  after  fciencc,  anfi  a  mod  fuccefsfol 
praflitioner,  whofe  ardour  in  his  purfuits  for 
the  improvement  of  his  profeiTion,  did  not 
abate  but  with  his  death.  It  is  hoped,  that  a 
third  volume  of  hit  work,  *' An  Enquiry  inf) 
the  prefent  State  of  Medical  Surgery,"  wh'.ck 
he  had  nearly  finilhed  before  his  laft  illnef -,  will 
be  given  to  the  world^  by  fome  of  his  pro- 
fefTional  friends. 

At  Loughborough,  after  4  (hort,  but  fcvut 
Ulnefs,  Mifs  Sophia  Furrow. 

At  Sutton  6roughton,fuddenly,  in  the  midH 
of  converfation,  and   whilft   making   tea  fur 
comp<4ny,  Mifs  A.  Bc?l,  ag^  ao, 
.    At  Kegworth,  Mrs.  Aflcy. 

At  Foflon,  in  her  89th  year,  Mrs..  Kea- 
oerley. 

At  Blaby,  aged  17,  Mr.  Richard  Flude.. 

At  Rcariby,  Mr.  Morley,  grazier. 

At  Thornton,  the  rev.  Mr,  Abbot,  vicar  of 
that  place. 

At  Great  Glyn,  aged  81,  Mr,  George 
Cooper* 

RUTLANnSHtRX. 

The  Countefs  of  Northampton  has  made  a 
prefent  of  gewiU,  petticoatsi  4adihocs,  toSs 


»798] 


CambridgeJhirt...HuntingdonP}trty  ^c. 


75 


pDorvonen  in  the  neigbbouchood  of  her  (eat 
io  this  county. 

Marrifd,}  At  Oakhaniy  John  Parker,  efq. 
of  tlK  Korthamptonikire  Militia,  tu  Mri. 
Fancourt  Jeflbp. 

CAMBRIDfiESHIXE. 

The  drever  and  guard  of  the  Wifl>each  mail 
coach  u-erc  convi£lcd4  at  the  Cambrdj^e  Quar- 
ter SeiSont,  of  having  fufitred  a  gentUman  0/ 
the  univerjity  to  drive  the  carriage,  whereby  it 
mi  overtarned,  and  a  woman  much  hurt.  But 
oa  paying  all  expcnces,  and  making  fatisfaAion 
to  the  injured  party,  they  were  reprimanded 
and  difckarged. 

Merried.]  At  Cambridge,  Mr.  W.  Brooks, 
to  Mifs  Eiiiabcth  Wiles.  The  rev.  Philip 
W«nter,  late  fellow  commoner  of  Sidney  Co!- 
kge,  to  Miff  Bealcs. 

At  Weft  Wratting,  Mr.  Edward  Haylock,  to 
lliiis  D.  Browning,  of  Wefton  Colvlle. 

At  March,  in  the  Ifle  of  Ely,  Mr.  Handlp 
long,  an  opulent  and  refpeAible  former  at 
Lynn,  to  Mift  Kirkby,  of  the  for'mer  place. 

At  Ely,  Mr.  Lake  Dcnch,  attorney,  to  Mift 
Bennington. 

Die^i.]  At  Cambridge,  Mrs.  Adams.  Mrs. 
Hannah  Willoug\by. 

In  Thorney  Fen,  Mr.  Philip  Bailey,  farmer 
andgratier. 

At  Baffingboum,  Mr.  James  Ind,  late  of 
St.  h'es,  Huntingdonfhlre. 

At  Over,  Mrs.  Frances  Stevens. 

HUNTINGOOMSRIKK. 

Died.l  At  Eynefbury,  near,  St.  Neot^s,  Mrs. 
Cauficns. 

At  Bttckden,  fuddenly,  Mrs.  Norman. 

At£aton-Socon,  faddenly,  Mr.  Bloiicld. 

At  the  fame  place,  likewife  fuddenly^  Mrs. 
Sarah  Bolton. 

MoKTRAlSrTOKSHIRI. 

MarrieJ.'\  At  Hardiogftone,  near  North- 
ifflpton,  the  rev.  Aihton  Vadc,  to  Mifs  Mary 
^Valpolc,  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Richard  Wai. 
pole. 

At  Piddingtoo,  the  rev.  T.  W.  Barlow, 
Prebendary  of  Briftol,  and  Fellow  of  Trinity 
College  Cambridge,  to  Mifs  Bockeit,  of 
South  Mims. 

D'ud,!  At  Northampton,  Mr.  Jeremiah 
RQdfdeil. 

At  Stamon  Mill,  Mr.  Wm.  Osborn,  who 
had  for  feveral  years  retired  from  bufinefs, 
on  the  fmalleft  ftream,  but,  perhaps,  with 
Che  laigeft  pi^perty  of  any  miller  in  the  county. 

Ac  Oundle,  in  an  advanced  age,  Mn, 
Cook. 

At  Kbg't  Clifie,  aged  73,  Mr.  Robert 
Burton. 

WAIWIClCSIIIRl. 

The  frauds  praAifed  by  the  carriers  of  coats 
in  the  iricinity  of  Birmingham,  have  deter- 
irined  the'  overfeers  of  the  poor  to  ifliie  in- 
fHjQions  to  the  keeper  of  the  weighing  ma- 
chine not  to  fpecify  on  the  tickets  which  he 
iirues,  the  weight  of  any  waggon  or  cart,  unlef^ 
(uJi  waifgim  t  cart  has  been  previouHy 


weighed  empty,  and  duly  legiAered  in   the 
town  books. 

Married^l  At  Birmingham,  Mr.  Thomas 
Rea,  of  London,  to  Mifs  Ann  SVheelcr,  of  the 
former  place.  And,  ojy  the  fame  day,  Mr. 
Wm.  Rea,  of  London,  brother  of  the  above» 
to  Mifs  Ann  Wheelpr,  lliler  of  tha  former 
bride. 

Andrew*  Hewkett,  jun.  efq.  of  MoxhuU- 
Park,  to  Mifs  Adderley,  only  daughter  of 
Ralph  Adderley,  eiq.  of  Coton,  StafKnrdihire. 

At  Birmingham,  Mr.  T.  Randili,  to  Mifs 
Fleck.  Mr.  Chrillopher  Schooiey,  of  Pcn« 
teride,  to  Mifs  B  a nnider,  of  the  former  town. 

At  Shul^ock,  Mr.  John  Bulb,  to  Mifs  Mary 
BoDghe;  • 

Dicd.\  At  Birmingham,  Mrs.  Netchell^ 
of  the  Buirs  Head.  Mr.  Jofiah  Rofe.  Mr« 
John  Reynolds. 

At  CoventT)',  Mifs  H.  Henrcy. 

Mr.  Wm.  Grove,   of  Penn-wood.      This 
gentleman,  fome  time   fince,    very    liberally 
prefcnted  a  ferN'icc  of  communion  plate  to  th9 
church  of  Penn. 
'    Chrift->pher  Wren,  efq.  of  Wroxhall. 

WURCESTKRSHiaa. 

Married*]     At  Worceftcr,  Mr.  Humphrey 
RufT,  to  Mifs  Warder.    Mr.  Jones,  to  Mifs   - 
Lloy^. 

Ditd,]  At  ftromfgrove,  the  Rev.  John 
Beft,  vicar  of  Chaddeiley  Corbett,  and  mailer 
of  the  free  fchool  at  Bromfgrove. 

HERBFOKOSHIRa. 

To  obviate  the  inconvenience  ariAng  t« 
graziers  and  other  dealers,  from  the  want  of  a 
Fair  being  e(lablj(hcd  at  Ledbury,  between 
Chriftmas  and  Eafter,  It  has  been  refolvcd  ta 
hold  an  annual  Fair,  toll  free,  on  the  fkft  Mon- 
day in  February,  for  the  fale  of  cattle,  horfcs« 
iheep,  pigs,  and  ether  commodities  ufually  fold 
on  fuch  occasions  • 

Married,]  At  Knill,  Samuel  Romilly,  efq. 
of  Llncnlns*lnii,  to  Mifs  Garbett,  eldeft 
daughter  of  Francis  Garbett,  efq.  of  Kiiill- 
court. 

At  Staunton  upon  Arrow,  Mr.  John  Smith, 
farmer,  to  Mifs  Ann  Davies. 

DiedA   At  Berrington,  on  the  15th  inftaat, 
in  the  66th  year  of  her  age,  the  Hon.  Mrs. . 
Harley,  Lady  of  the  Right  Hon.  Thomas  Har- 
ley. 

MOMMOVTHSHXtl. 

Marr'ud.]  At  Caldecott,  Mr.  Alexander 
Young,  merchant,  of  Landon,  to  Mifs  Mary 
Wi^,  of  the  t\  nner  place. 

William  .Curre,  efq.  of  Itton  Hall,  to  Mift 
Buihby. 

GLOucxsTX-asHtax.   . 

Married,']  At  Briftol,  Mr.  H.  Hunt,  t# 
Mifs  Stxfmith,  of  Clifton.  Mr.  Wm.  Tho. 
mas,  excifeman,  to  Mrs.  £.  PoAon.  Mr* 
Nott,  to  Mifs  Perrin. 

At  the  fame  pl.tce,  Capt.  TomhIU,  of  Ire- 
land, to  Mifs  Awards,  of  Bath. 

At  Harcsficld,  George  Monro,  efq.  to  MiCi 
Whitcombe,  coheireli  of  Edw,  Whitio.nbc, 
efq.  of  Orlett,  Worctfterflure. 

^       Ll  At 


>\l 


Till?  Simbrc;  tn««>pcn'nj«t  49  3-4t*»«;  op«tc4af475 

'^jv^n    D^nx*  ''^' ***^;    The  prevailing  opinion  i»^  tbiti 

U4  i^f UH^nt    of   Mgunt  ™^^^4,«in>r^ffion  will  mke  ohcetiU'ifterf 

■  I   town,    Womi  bargun  for  the  loan.      . 


bargiin  for  the  loan. 

5  PIB   CINT.  ANN. 

tbt$  moQtb^  tt  70, 


f-'H 


J  798.]  JUarrlagn  and  Deaths  in  and  nettr  l^nim. 


69 


4  m  cr.KT.  coiSf.  -wrnrc,  on  the  29th 
of  hil  mopth,  4t  59  Ir4t1^,  atid  continticJ 
ivjthonr  mutH  -vtriaTion  titl  yd!crday,  when 
rhey  rore  td  59  3^441^1.    . 

3  rtx  CENT.  co?*s.  opened  on  the  19th 
of  faauscy  at  47'3n4.ths,  and  with  little  varia- 
tinn  cnntinned  tiU  ycftcrday,  when  they  rofc  to 
4S3-4th5.  ';  • 

LoTT|:)iY  TicriTS  arc  «n  the  rife—* 
Prffent  pnce  in  the  market  ill,  15s.  a  17s. 

DiriJcnds  aiw*  nf>t\'' pJiying  on  3  per  Cent. 
Conff.b,  1716—5  per  Cents— •India  Stock — 
b'^uthSea  Stocks— Imperial   Annuities— and 

Marr'i^f  and  Deaths  in  and  near  London. 
Merritd.]   At  St.  Botolph^  Aldgatp,  Mr. 
Thonjas  Everett,    of  Horninghani»  Wilts,  to 
M'.l'i  Mary  Eulbce,  of  the  Tower, 

.Nfr.  Bi^^ifjamin  Broomhcjdy  of  King^ftree^ 
to  Mifi  Eaton,  of  London-wjil. 

At  St.  Martin's  in  the  Fields,  Mr.  James 
Wflfo  d,  of  King-ftrcct,  to  Miis  Grove,  of 
S>rfbar\'-ftrect. 

Mr.  BroMm,  Jun.  H'  Ibom,  to  Mifs  Sarah 
Rawlfnfon. 

At  St.  Martin's  Church,  Mr.  Weatherbey^ 
of  Neumsrket,  to  Mifs  Hill. 

In  London,  Charles  Latwidge,  efij.  ^  Cap- 
tain m  th^  Royal  Lancafliire  Militia^  to  Mfft 
Pod^on,  daughter  of  the  late  Bi/hop  of  Lon- 
d«n. 

In  London,  Capt.  Lowndes,  of  the  Buck- 
in^hamihire  MUitia,  to  Mifs  Tames,  daughter 
cf  Robert  Jamcs^  ef<j.  of  Coroyn*s  Hall,  near 
Stourbridge. 

At  St.  Mar>''s  Abchurch,  Canon -ftrect, 
Charles  Stayncr,  efq.  Governor  of  Church- 
hill  Faaory,  Hudfon*s  Bay,  to  Mifs  S.  E. 
fijylcfs,  of  Wood-ftreet,  Spital-fields. 

Mr.  Wm.  Reeve,  laW-ftationcr,   of  Lyon*s- 

mn,  to  the  fecond  daughter  of  Mr.  B'.ngley, 

Bjcilcfcllcr,    of  .Red  Lion-pafTage,  Fleet-.1reet. 

Thomas  Seward  iJeachcrofr,  Ef<j.  to  Mifs 

Chddotie  Lewis,  of  FrcJcrick's-place. 

At  St.  George's  Church,  Hanovcr-fciuarc, 
^I»jor  Hutchinfon,  to  Mifs  King,  daugliier  of 
the  late  Dr.  King. 

At.  St.  Andrew*?  Church,  Holborn,  Lieu- 
r*r.ant'Colonel  Kattray,  of  Crajghall,  in  the 
cjan?y  of  Perth,  fo  Mifs  Julia  Sfmpfon, 
1:  i'05hter  of  James  Simpfon,  efq.  Chancery- 
brc. 

In  London,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Ronald 
Fcrgufon,  to  MlTs  Munro,  daughter  of  Licu- 
r.rjnt-Gencral  Sir  Hcftor  Munr.-»,  K.  B. 

Mr.  Wm.  Murray,  of  Laurence  Poultney- 
4.-yr,  to  Mw.  Devenifh,  of  Gower-ltrcct, 
At   St.  James'6,  Clerkcnwell,    Mr.  Wm. 
'^It,  4ttoracy.  of  Pcntonville,  to  Mi&  Bel- 
:mv, 

.v;r.  Haywoad,  of  Toolcy^ftrcct,  to  Mifs 
'rauley,  of  Wcliryn,  Hants. 

Mr.  Binglcy,  of  Red  tion-palTage,  FlecC- 
,:ct.  to  Mr*.  Bafl'ctt,  widow  oi  the  lat^ 
jpr.  Baflew,  in  the  Eaft  India  trade. 

At  Sr.  George's  Hanover-fquara,  Mr.  Pope, 
>  :An.  Sp^accr,  bqth  of  Qoycift-jardeq. 


•  Mr.  Henry  Ha !,  of  Watflng-ftreet,  to 
M>^  l«ivett|  of  AU>ertnarle*ftre«t. 

Mr.  Thomat  Jones,  df  Little  Mci*r.!ield9, 
to  Mife  Sevrard,  tjf  Poiter-latie.      ' 

Died,]  In  Grofvenoh-fi^uarc,  Johft  Wilkes, 
Chamberlain    of  the  'City  of    Londos.-.— > 
For    a  partieuiar  aee«umt  nf  v^tnm  jet  tbe  • 
former  Part  of  this  Number, 

At  his  houfe  in  Chathatp-placc,  Black- 
friar's  Bridge,  Samuel  Brooke,  efq* 

In  London,    Sir  Ralph    Milbanke,   barf, 
father  to  Lady  Melbourne. 
'  In  Newgate-fhcef*,    Mr.  Andrew  Lawfon, 
flour-merchant. 

Itt  hi»  78th  year,  Mr.  Thomat  Edgerton,  of 
Qiltfpur-ftreet,  Weft  Smithficld. 
.  At  his  houfe  in  little  Rnflel-ftreet,  Bloomf- 
bury,  Thomis  Waken,  efq.  of  Eadcot. 

In  Warwick-rtreet,  Charing-crofs,  whilft 
on  a  vi/it  from  the  country,  Mifs  Maigaiec 
Grifllith,  of  Caernatvoii, 

At  hi«  houfe  in  Nottingham>ftr?et,  of  a 
fcarlet  fever,  John  Webb,  ef(|.  «ge4  39  4  and 
four  days  after,  likewife  of  a  fcarlet  torcr, 
Mr.  John  Webb,  his  (on,  aged  1^. 

Mr.  Martin,  attorney,  who  delended  the 
caufe  of  Wliliams  ibr  publiihing  Pain^^a  Af« 
of  Rcafon. 

In  Cheapfida,  Mr.  Robert  Hilkock,  fOb 
chinaman. 

In  an  apopleAic  fit,  Francis  XcmUe,  cfi|. 
of  Swithin's-lane. 

Wm.  Stone,  efq.  of  Rdbcrt-ftrect,  Adelphi. 

In  an  advanced  age,  Mr.  Prclton,  muflcal- 
Inftrument  maker,  and  mufic-feUer,  in  the 
Strand.  He  was  allowed  to  be  the  beft  f  ustar- 
maker  in  the  kingdom,  and  the  original  in- 
ventor of  tuning  that  inihrument  with  a  watch- 
key. 

At  Hackney,  Mifs  Elia.  Beacfc. 

In  London,  Mr.  T.  Btcary,  a  yeoman  rf 
the  guards. 

in  London,  Mrs.  Ballachey. 

At  her  houfe  in  Upper  Ovofvenor-ftreet, 
Dowager  Lady  Beauchamp  Pro^or,  widow  of 
the  htc  Sir  Wm.  Beauchamp  Prodor,  of 
Langley  Park,  in  Norfolk. 

In  Fenchurch-ftrect,  aged  74,  Mrs.  Han- 
nah i,cwis. 

In  Tavrer-ftreet,  Mr.  Hortoo  Crippcn. 

In  Tohn's-ftrcet,  St.  George's  in  the  tt^ 
aged  87,  Mr.  J.  Pinchbeck. 

At  his  houfe,  E(^jwaro-road,  W*Mawhood> 
efq. 

At  the  hottfc  of  Sir  Hugh  Pallifer  Waltenj^ 
hart.  Mifs  Ann  Gates,  fecond  daughter  of 
the  late  John  Oatea,  eCq.  of  Dedham,  an4 
filler  to  Lady  Walters.  Htz  death  was  oc- 
cafioned  by  a  cancer  in  her  left  breaft,  which 
had  baffled  the  bkill  of  l!hc  moft  eminent  phy- 
fiuans  and  furgcdns  for  nearly  two  years. 

After  a  lingering  iilncfs,  Mrs.  Keylall,  wifh 
of  the  rev.  John  Key  fall,  of  Millman-ftxect, 
JBhtd^ofd^row. 

In  London,  ifr  his  68th  year,  Mr.  John 
Lewis  Baurogartoer,  metchaot. 

At  hii  houfe  in  the  Crefcent,  Minories,  Mr. 
Wa.  Midifoivly  fttrgeoii. 


* 


Surrty...HampJhire. 


[Jan; 


ftfaiy  CqIIoi.  Hfiiiy  Godfrey  Fauflett,  efq. 
<»f  Hepptngton,  to  Mifs  Nott,  daughter  of  the 
late  Fettiplace  Notr,  cfq.  of  Marilon-Hall,  m 
the  county  of  Warwick.  Mr.  Richard  Lcfter« 
to  Mifs  Down.  Mr.  Wro.  JameS)  to  MUs 
Larkins. 

At  Canterb'jf}',  Mr.  John  Egrr'W,  to  Mrs. 
S.  Sharp.  Mr.  John  Weaks,  to  Mifs  Margaret 
Pottjfbr. 

•  Mr.  Wm.  ShTp\wght,  of  Deptford,  aged  13, 
to  Mifs  %,  Priv:rr,  of  Eaft-lane,  Brrmoodieyy 
agjed  42. 

At  Biackheath,  Mr.  George  £ndcrby,  Co 
iMife  Sampfim. 

At  Afliford,  the  rev.  Stephen  Long  Jacob, 
Fdlow  of  Worccftcr  College,  to  Mifs  Bond, 
cMcft  daughter  of  the  rev.  James  Bond,  vicar  of 
Afhford. 

At  MHton  church,  next  Gravefcnd,  T* 
March,  ciq.  of  Bordca,  to  Mifs  P.  Mat^,  of 
Ae  former  place. 

At  Smarden,  Mr.  Stephen  Hooerk,  to  Mils 
SuCinnah  Smith.  Mr.  Khmacl  Gurr,  to  MUi 
Asn  Pcarfon. 

Lieutenant  H.  War,  of  the  Nary,  to  Mifs 
Philadelphia  Wakeman. 

Diid*'\  At  Canterbury,  Mr.Evcnden.  Aged 
75,  Mr.  Moles  Levi.  Mrs.  Blundeo.  Mr. 
Wm.  Flackton,  a  refpeaable  bookieller  of  that 
town.  Mr.  Richard  Boghurft,  fen.  Mr. Pierce. 
Mr.  S^ockford,  fargam  of  the  Oxford  Fen* 
ciblcs. 

At  the  fame  place,  Mr.  Hodge,  furveyor  of 
Sxciie,  in  confequence  of  falling  into  the  mafh- 
tub  of  fcalding  wa/h,  at  Meflrs.  Biikop's  dif- 
fUleiy. 

At  Biackheath,  the  Lady  of  Capt.  Patton. 
After  a  lingering  iUnefs,  Wm.  Allen,  efq. 

At  >tr  apartment*  in  Greenwich  Hofpital, 
Mr9.  Lobh,  widow  of  the  late  Capt.  Lobb,  oi 
the  Royal  Navy,  and  one  of  the  Matrons  of 
.thcHofpiul. 

At  Northfleet,  by  a  ^1  from  the  Chalk 
Cfiff,  Mr.  Wardy  of  the  Leather  Bottle  inn. 

At  Upper  Delph's  Farm,  near  St.  Margaret's, 
Rocfaefter  Mr.  Richard  Boghurft,  fen.  gentle- 
jnan  farmer. 

AtWhJtftable,Mr.Jame8  Adiey,  fen.  coal- 
feierchant.    Aged  45,  Mr.  James  Canbourn. 

AtChiltham,  aged  35,  Mra.  White. 

At  Mai^ate,  after  a  long  and  painful  illneis, 
Mra.  Attwood. 

At  Deal,  in  child-bed  of  twins,  Mrs.  Barber. 
In  her  S|^ year,  Mrs. Mary  AUen. 

At  Dover,  Robert  Colt,  efq.  of  Auldame, 
1wothcr>in-Uw  to  Henry  Dundas,  efq.  Sud- 
4lenly,  in  an  apoplectic  fit,  Mrs.  Atkins.  Mr. 
Thomas  Yeardle^  of  the  Cuiloms.  Mr.  John 
Netherfole,  attorney.  Mr*  Elias  Worthington, 
boat-builder.  Mr.  Hugh  Price,  of  the  llirce 
Kings  publSc-houfe.     Mrs.  Goodv^n. 

At  Folkcftone,  to  which  pl^ce  he. went  for 
the  recovery  of  his  health,  Wm.  Collens,  efq. 
Aged  54.,  Mrs,  Rutton.  Iti  her  73d  year, 
Mrs.  Button. 

At  Deptling,  agrd  Sx,  Mrs.  C.rt. 

Ac  Favarllum,  aged  i6|  Mr.  George  Cow- 


At  Herae,  aged  79,  Mr.  Charles  Palfey.  In 
his  67th  ye^r,  Mr.  Richard  Torr.  Mnw 
Larkins. 

At  Woo'wich,  Mr.  W.  Graves,  late  mafler 
of  the  King*8  Head,  Rochefler,  who  was  fliot, 
fbme  tame  fiflcp,  in  the  head,  by  ■  gang  nf  foot« 
pads. 

At  Greenwich,  Mr.  Thomas  Cobham,  mm\j 
years  a  furgeon  in  the  Royal  Navy.  The 
day  prevkms  to  his  d<rcieafi;,  he  had  «  patty  t^ 
friends  to  din?  with  him,  and  went  to  bed  aC 
night,  at  bis  ufual  hour,  in  perfsA  health,  but 
was  found  dead  in  the  morning  His  death  is 
fuppofeii  to  have  been  occaitoned  by  an  apo. 
pledic  6t,  or  from  a  fuddcn  attack  of  tlie  gout 
in  his  flomach,  to  which  he  was  very  fobjed. 

At  Sandwkh,  Mrs  Emmerfon,  wife  of  Mr. 
Richard  Emmerfon,  banker. 

At  AAfordy  aged  93,  Mr.  Janneway* 
suaaBT. 

Mmrrkd,^  At  .>t.  George's,  Somthwark, 
Mr.  B.  Hull,  of  Bermoodiey,  to  Mifs  M. 
Hull,  of  Devises. 

At  Lambeth  Church,  Mr.  James  Cortie, 
of  the  Nine  Elms,  to  Mrs.  £.  Price,  of 
South  Lambeth. 

At  Reigat£,  Mr.  T.  Pickflone,  to  Mlft 
Hoare,  of  the  fbrmef  place. 

DiV</.]  At  Peckham,  Richard  Rayley,  efq. 

At  CamberwcU,  Mr.  Thomas  Macgregpr, 
of  Meifrs.  Cooi  and  Greenwood's  Office. 

At  Botteys,  in  the  pariih  of  Ciiextley,  after 
a  lon^  tUnefs,  Mifs  Kmily  Mawbey,  aged  iS, 
youngeft  daughter  of  Sir  Jofeph  Mawbey,  Bart. 

At  Reigatc,  Mrs.  Cooper,  wife  of  Mr. 
James  Cooper,  of  SwithinVhne,  noerchant. 

At  EHier,  fuddenly,  in  an  advanced  age, 
John  Wright,  efq. 

MAMPSHIKB.. 

Married.']  At  Winche^r,  Mr.  Scott,  b«0- 
ther-in-law  to  Lord  Oxford,  to  Mifs  Ogle, 
daughter  of  the  dean  of  Winchcfter^  and  isficr- 
in-law  to  the  celebrated  Mr.  Sheridan. 

At  Southampton,  Leonard  Wray,  efq.  to 
Mifs  M.  Cornud,  of  Chclfea. 

At  Newton,  John  Gofsling,  efq.  of  Upper 
Fitaroy-ftreet,  to  Mifs  E.  Curtis  Chmy, 
daughter  of  Ocorge  Cherry,  cfq.  Chairman  of 
the  Vidhjalling  Board. 

Died.]  At  Southampton,  fuddenly,  wWlft 
on  a  vifit  to  her  brother,  the  mafter  of  the  cere- 
monies at  that  place,  the  beautiful  and  accom- 
plifljcd  Mn.  IhornhilU  Alfo  Major  Lockhart 
RufTcl. 

At  Appleihaw,  John  Butcher,  efq.  a  jufBce 
of  peace  for  the  county  of  Hants. 

At  Milibrd,.  near  Lymtngcon,  aged  41,  Mr^ 
Johnjennins. 

On  Milfoid  Hill,  Mr.  Wm.  WhWocH, 
•cheefemongcr.  He  was  a  man  of  a  very  fingu- 
Jar  turn  of  mind,  and,  for  xhdk  laft  (even  years, 
kept  a  coffin  in  his  bedchamber.  Pucfuant 
to  the  exprefs  dlreaions  of  his  will,  his  corpie 
was  conveyed  to  Pitton,  his  native  village,  in  a 
waggon,  followed  by  two  mourning  coaches. 

At  Arlesford,  on  his  way  to  Winchcftcr, 
to  vote  at  a  conte|led  ci<CtioA  of  itecmfiOy  ^I'* 
Oliver  BcckctU 


1798.]  SeriJh!re..j.mhfl>irt...SomeifttJhir€y  f^c: 


79 


AtUnyani  Farm,  StrttfieUfay,  afeer  a 
QiotiWbtSh  Mr. Win.  Tubls  aged  49* 

Ac  Futham,  in  her  S4th  year,  Mrs.  Kinchin* 

AtCUboUoQ,  Mr.  John  Tredgold. 

At  Chnftchurch,  in  the  prime  of  life,  Milt 
I.11CI  Jmi\s  cldeft  daughter  of  Pr.  Jeans. 

At  aji  advanced  age,  Mr.  John  Foote,  many 
lean  Jnafier  of  the  free  fchool  at  Tytherlay. 

BBAKSMiaS. 

Dud.]  At  Reading,  after  a  lingering  Utnefsy 
Mr.  Haimington,  of  the  Wheat  Sheaf  inn. 
A{pl  71,  Mr.  Baitlett.  £n  hec  8^  year,  Mra. 
WaUs.    Mr.  Homhlow. 

AtBurghfield  fuddenly,  Col.  Robert  Blane« 

At  Abingdon,  Mr.  Thomas  Kendall,  who 
regularly,  in.  his  line  of  buUnefs,  made  the  cir- 
cuit of  England  twice  a  year,  for  a  feries  of 
yean. 

AtlUrehatch,  near  Maidenhead,  Mr.  John 
Young, 

A(  M9P|(^*ell«  ^<»  A  ftort  illnefs,  in  hk 
t^th.  year,  Mr.  Wm.  Hulcup. 

At Vuidfor  Caftie,  fuddenly,  Mrs.  Coxbyn. 
She  dropped  down  in  an  apof^edic  tit,  as  fiie 
uas  walking  after  dinner,  and  expired  inv- 
XKdtstelj. 

WlLI^SHIftS.  . 

The  Duke  of  Marlborcftigh,  according  to 
aniifial  cuftom,  gave,  on  the  6ch  inft.  a  dona- 
tion of  feren  fat  oxen,  and  an  'adequate  pro- 
portion of  bread,  to  be  diftributed  among  the 
poor  ia  the  nejghboarhood  of  Blenheim 

iiarruJ,)  At  BowoodPark,  Robt.  Smith, 
cU\,  to  fyhis  Vernon. 

J)itd»]  At  Salisbury,  after  a  ievere  and 
Imgerif^  illnefs,  Mr.  Brownjohn. 

At  Ramsbury,  Mrs.  Chitty,  of  the  Bell 
Ion. 

At  Yeovil,  Onefiphoms  Worry,  ef(|. 

At  Sopworth  Houfc,  in  her  i  ath  year,  Mifs 
Hardwicke,  only  daughter  of  the  lev.  Dr« 
Hardwicke,  Rcdur  of  Supworth. 

At  Dean,  in  her  42d  year,  Mifs  Mary 
XyDch^.  oofr  of  the  Nuns,  at  Dcan*s  Manfion 
Houfe. 

At  Swindon,  Mafter  Henry  Goddard, 
youngcft  fan  of  Ambrofe  Goddard,  ef^.  one 
of  the  Reprcfentatives  for  Wilts. 

•    SOMZRSZTSHiai. 

Married.]  At  Bath,  the  rev.  James  Bre- 
thcrton,  to  Mifs  Ponting.  Pafcoc  Grenfeil, 
efq.  of  Taplrtw^  in  the  county  of  Bucks*  to 
the  Hon.  Georgina  Sentlcger,  fifter  of  the 
prtfcnt  Lord  Vifcount  Doncrailc.  Alfo  Mr. 
Crumpton,  of  the  Theatre,  (o  Mifs  Ann  Cot- 
icl,  daughter  of  the  late  Mr.  J.  Cottel,  pumper 
at  the  H^^  Bath.  Mr.  John  Penny,  to  Mifs 
Mary  Ann  Howell. 

At  Lind/ham.  the  rey.  Mr.  Hodge,  of 
C.iaftanbury,  to  Mrs.  Lane,  of  the  former 
place. 

D'uJA  At  Bath,  in  his  6 ill  year,  Knight 
Mitchell,  efq.  a  gentleman  of  large  property 
■n  Cambridgcfliire.  Mr.  Lydeard,  plumber. 
Mr.  Richard  £gan,  aged  S5.  Mrs.  Purdie, 
mother  of  Mri.  Pritchaid,  of  the  Parade 
Codec- honfe.  Mr.  Oakiey.  Lady  Dcane.. 
Alifs  Anderdoo.  George  Core,  «f^.  Anthony 
4 


Chapman,  elq.  of  Tftrraot  GttnviUc,  Doite 

Mr.  Happeifield.    Mrs.  Trottman. 

At  Wells,  the  rev.  T.  Payne^  A.  M.  one 
of  the  Canons  ReAdentiary  of  the  Cathedral 
Church,  Re€lor  of  Langattock,   and  brother 
to  the  Countefs  Dowager   of  Northamptoot 
and  Lady  Frances  Seymour. 
At  Honiton,  Mifs  Ann  Sweeting. 
At  Downend,  Mr.  Wm.  Emmett. 
The  rev.  Mr.  Hawes,  many  years  Curate  «f 
Box,  neat  Bath. 

Near  Bath«  in  an  advanced  age,  Mr.  Mnl^ 
pratt.  . 

By  the  bunTmg  of  a  blood  veifel,  Mrs.  JcflC. 
nings,.  of  Hooper*s-court,  near  Walcot  ChuKh^ 
Bath. 

At  Widcomb,    unlamented    by  a   fin|^ 
fellow-creature,    Jacob    Ifgar,    of  notorioaa    „ 
memory,  who  has  long -been  a  terror  to  the 
poor  and  dUheiTed  inhabitants  of  Widcomb^ 
and  iu  neighbourhood.  .  Jfgar  was  deeply  im^ 
plicated  in  the  tranfadions  relative  to  tlie  will 
forged  by  Sir  John  Briggs,  and  only  got  clear 
by  tnming    evidence.     His   wif;,   who  was 
fubpcenaed  in  his  behalf  on  that  trial,  died  the 
day  previous  to  its  coming  on.     Since  that 
period  he  has  loil  five  children  out  of  fix. 
At  the  (ame  place,  Mrs.  Mary  Houle. 
At  Long  AHiton,  in  an  advanced  age,  Mit* 
Collinfon,  mother  of  the  late  rev.  John  Col- 
linfon,  Yiear  of  that  pari  Hit 
At  Yatton,  Mrs.  Young. 
At  Glaftonbury,   in  her  77th  year,   Mfi. 
Bond  :  She  had  a  prcfcntiment  of  her  deccafc, 
and  went,,  in  confequence,   to  Xik.t  leave  of 
her  children  and  grand-children,  91  in  numb^. 

At  Worle,  Mrs.  WoUan. 
.  At  Godne}'  Farm,  near  Gladonbury,  Mr.t 
Comer,  grazier. 

At  Wincantcn,  aged  6S,  Mr.  Deane. 

DORSXTSMIRK. 

A  fupply  of  fre/h  water  from  the  Boiliiis 
Rock,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  inha- 
bitants of  Weymouth,  is  already  broagbt 
within  the  turnpike  ^ate  of  that  town,  which 
ftood  in  great  need  of  this  indifpenfible  necef- 
fary  of  lite.  -         .  . 

Married.]  At  Dorchcfter,  Kfr.  John  Tapp, 
jun.  to  Mils  Stickland. 

At  Blandford,  James  Randolph,  efq.  of 
Path,  to.  Mifs  K.  St.  Barbe,  of  Lanjfdowii 
Crcfccnt,  Bath. 

Died,]  At  Weymouth,  Mr.Lonnon,  ra.ider 
of  the  Bear  inn  ;  and,  a  few  days  after,  MaHer 
Sherry,  his  (bn.-in-law. 

DKVONSHIRK. 

The  rev.  John  Kidd,  a  clergyman,  in  the 
North  of  Devon,  was  lately  reduced  to  fuch 
great  diilrefs,  as  to  foiicit  relief  by  public  ftib- 
icription.  He  had  a  wife  and  five  infant 
children,  whom  he  had  long  fupp'ir^ed  on  the 
fc^nty  pittance  of  his  curacy;  and  his  cha- 
radier  appearing  to  be  unblemiihed,  the  fub- 
fcription  was  liberally  ^pportcd  by  the  fu- 
pcrior  clergy  and  gentry  of  his  diocefe.  Tloa 
BUhop  of  Exeter,  greatly  to  hrs  honour,  with- 
out any  other  knowledge  of  thi$  worthy  man, 
chaa  what  arofe  from  thci'e  public*  circum* 

fiances. 


p 


AgrtcuhmrMl  Ripcrtj  tit. 


S^m*: 


'sicc?,  1ii£  Hflw  froMiel  liis  good  fortune^  by 
rji>winf  ^»h  hirri  ihc  Vicarage  of  C<»l«ridge« 
wik  pkASlpii  mir^  I  col.  per  aniiTini. 
,^^)vfff«  MtveTt  of  couhterftnt  brafs  and 
opp^|dnt3ii^rte.l  from  BrlAol,  haf«  Wea 
&^y  f^wJit  Birnfhpte  bjr  t^  o(ficccs  of  the 

V^mVil]  Ac  Exeter,  Mt.  White,  caijet- 
oanu^Rflaiirr,  tci  Mrf^  Wirefton.  Mr.  A*  To- 
cr^'Hin^-drBp^rp  to  Mfft  Pickard* 

M  B^rnttapbt  Lieut.  Paddon,  fX  the  totli 
Ug^t<ui!L  of  Fo^t,  to  Mifs  Cha^. 
:^^\  At  EjfLter,  aged  7V  Mr-  Thomai 
Mf/  SflfiWhire,  Mrs.  Bafs.  Mr*.  Daw. 
^^t  Whifeftone,  ntar  Exeter,  aged  6S,  Mn. 
liary  Holnian. 

V  At  Dawlifliy  In  his  25th  year,  Mr.  Thonas 
Nfaner. 

..'At  FarrlngdoB,  Mrs.  Cholwick,  Wift  of 
Ijriin  Barridife  Cholwick,  elq.  and  daughter  of 
the  late,  and  fiftor  of  the  prefeot  Sir  John 
Diuxtze,  bare. 

COtNWAlt. 

MarrUd  ]  At  Falmoiith|  Mr.  James  Coad, 
to  Mirs  Bnrant. 

At  FluiKing,  Mr.  Sanioel  0*Brien,  to  Mifs 
MaryP^ddy. 

Dud  A  At  Fhifliing  near  Falmoiithi  Mr. 
John  WiUinml,  of  the  Cuftoms. 

Ac  Hdflone,  Mrs.  Mary  Robinibn,  a  maiden 
bdy,  daughter  of  the  rev.  Wm.  Robinfoii,  and 
grand  daughter  of  the  Ute  Su:  Richard  Vyvyan, 
■art* 

WALSS. 

Married,^  At  Pembrokci  the  tew,  John 
Holcombey  of  t:holheiK>n,  to  Mtfs  RobertR, 
daughter  of  Capt.  Roberts.  At  fame  place, 
Mr.  Webb,  oi  Greenhitl,  to  Mifs  Thomas, 
of  Corflyn.  Mr.  Foxcrofb,  of  Nottingham, 
to  MiA  Bowling, '  of  Pembroke.  At  Caniigan, 
Mr.  Howell  WilJiamt,  of  Tenby,  to  Mifs 
rtiillips. 


At  CardifT,  Revert  Ckftleilittcte,  tC^  of 
Watford,  Hcith  to  Mi6CafptfteUtaii|bnr 
•f  Colonel  Capper. 

Died.!  At  St.  Pettoch*s,  Mit.  Prt^ch«d, 
w^  of  the  lev.  Mr.  Pritchard* 

At  Beaomaris,  in  his  ySffa  yeac,  WiHiaa 
Lewb,  efq.  of  Llandyii£>a,  rntfaer  of  the 
Corporatioa  of  Angkfea. 

IRELAMV. 

Died.']  November  iS,  Mrs.  Sdceworth, 
wife  of  Mr.  Edgcworth,  of  Edgeworth'^  Town, 
in  the  county  of  LongfMd ;  a  moft  amiable 
and  univerfally  beloftd,  tnd  aioch  lam— led 
woman. 

SCOTLAIID. 

Ditd,]  At  CambTCe  Houft,  FifefiMe,  Sit 
John  Sinclair,  baft,  of  Longformacos. 

At  Edinburgh,  Mr.  James  Gordon,  Prifl. 
cipal  Accomptaftt  to  the  BrilSfli  I^nen  Bank, 
efbblilhed  under  Royal  Charter  fyr  the 
«f»co«rageiiKnt  of  the  tiaea  maanfiiAuie  is 
Scotland. 

At  the  fame  place,  aged  ys,  Charles  Steu- 
art,  eiif.  foiineily  Surveyor •Ocneral  m  Korth 
America. 

At  Middleton,  near  Edinburgh,  Robert 
Hepburn,  ef<}.  of  Clerkington,  one  of  the 
X^mmiflioners  of  the  Honovrable  Board  of 
Cofloffls  for  Scotland. 

At  Forres,  in  Scothmd,  BaHfie  Thomas 
Eddie,  Chief  Magiflrate  of  that  Borough. 

At  Bakardine,  at  .the  exttaordiaary  age  of 
loS,  John  Mac  Gregor.  He  was  bom  in  the 
year  of  the  batt'e  of  Killicrankie,  and  ended 
his  life  on  the  anniverf^ry  of  his  birth,  Cbnft- 
mas-day,  old  ftile,  1797.  He  waa  prdent  it 
the  battle  of  Sheriiffmuir,  and  afterwards 
ferved  in  the  Scotch  Brigade,  in  HoHand. 
He  lived  in  the  fetvice  of  the  family  of  Bai- 
cardine  upwards  of  50  years  ;  retained  his 
faculties  to  the  very  taft ;  and,  till  the  precede 
lag  year,  walked  frequently  sbouU 


AGRICULTURAL  REPORT  FOR  JANUARY,  i79«. 

TH  £  mild  fble  of  the  weather  in  the  latter  part  of  the  prcfent  month,  has  been  highly 
favourable  for  the  parpofcs  of  the  pra^ical  farmer,  and  much  bufineis  has  confequently 
been  done,  efpecially  in  the  more  northern  parts  of  the  1/land.  In  places  where  the  aatnre 
af  the  foils  would  admit,  fbnw  firmers  have  began  to  fallow  the  turnip  grounds  for  the  next 
crop,  and  others  are  plowing  the  grounds  from  which  the  turnips  have  lately  been  eaten  off* 
at  a  preparation  for  barley.  The  fields  4n  general  look  green,  and  winter  com  has  for  the 
moft  part  a  promifing  appearance,  but  this  is  not  by  any  means  the  moll  dangerous  aaooth  for 
them. 

GaAiN.  The  markets  for  all  forts  of  grain  are  on  the  whole  rather  dull,  but  more  par* 
licularly  fo  for  oats,  beans,  and  peafe. 

The  average  price  of  wheat  throughout  England  and  Wales,  was,  on  tha  loth  af  Jaousryi 
5IS.  5d.    and  of  barley,  aSs.  lod. 

MxAT.     Butchers  meat  continues  to  hold  iu  price,  or  perhaps  is  rather  on  the  rile* 

Beef  on  the  laft  market  day  fetched  from  3s.  to  4s.  id.  and  mutton  from  ja.  S4.  to  4s.  6d* 

Hors.     Thefe  are  alfo  getting  higher. 

The  prices  of  Kentiih  Hops  vary  between  70s.  and  105s.  for  bag?,  and  8oi.  Co  iaoi«  far 
pockets. 

%•  Thb  Enquirer  t*;///  it  re/umsJ  again  in  a  month  or  fon,  ofwi^ 
th<  articlti  frwn  tie  Permwan  Mercury.  Commumcattms  cf  Biopaflncal  Am- 
dotes  tf  ftrfim  nantly  deaajed,  sn  alwajj  aca^iM^U^ 


TRX 


MONTHLY  MAGAZINE. 


XXVIU.]  For  FEBRUARY,  1798.  [Vol.  V. 


{3*  Tbe  ftar  Folumfs  of  the  MowrHLY  Magazike,  w&VA  are  ww  completed,  jmif 
he  hadcom^te  of  any  BookfeUert  price  Thirty  SlnOvigs^  neatfy  balf-bound,  or  amfuJk 
number,  or  Vomm,  majf  be  badfeparate^  at  tbe  PUafare  oftbe  Purcbefer,  ' 


ORIGINAL  COMMUNICATIONS. 


To  fie  E£t9r  oftbe  Motabfy  Mt^axine, 

IN  tbe  year  ^7%^i  I  went  in  the  ftage- 
coach  fironLoodon  to  Saiifbury.  Up- 
«n  entering  it,  I  perceiTed  three  gentle- 
men, one  of  whom  ftronf  ly  attra6led  my 
notice.    He  wat  a  corpulent  man,  with  a 

book  in  his  hand,  placed  very  near  to  his    .  .         -,, 

eyes.    He  liad  a  large  wig,  which  did  nor   *o  ^"'^^cc  an<i  Italy  r '    «  Why,  Sir,  at 
appear  to  have  been  combed  for  an  age :    *°  France,  I  know  no  book  worth  a  groat: 


in  my  life,"  was  his  anfwer.  From  that 
momqnt  he  became  very  gracious  tow«xti% 
fne.  I  was  then  preparing  to  go  abroad ; 
and  imagined  that  1  could  derive  foipc  uff\ 
ful  information  from  a  charafUr  io  emi-^ 
ncnt  for  learning.  "  What  book  of  ti»« 
vels,  Sir,  would  you  advife  me  to  res^j 
previoufly  to  my  ietting  oiF  upon  a  tow 


his  cloatbea  were  threadbare.  On  feating 
myieif  in  the  coach,  he  lifted  up  his  eyes» 
and  direfted  them  towards  me  $  but  in  an 
inftant  tbejr  xcTmncd  their  fonner  employ- 
ment. *  i  m»  immediately  ftruck  with 
h'M  reftmbbnoe  to  the  print  vf  Dr.  JMni' 


and  as  to  Italy,  Bar^ti  paints  the  iair 
fide,  and  Sharp  the  foul  5  the  truth,  pefr* 
haps,  lies  between  the  two.'*  Every  ftep 
which  brought  us  nearer  to  Salilbun^ 
incrcafed  my  pain,  at  the  thought  of 
leading  fo  intcrefthig  a  fellow-traveller't 


fon,  given  as  a  frontifpiece  to  the  •<  Lrves    J^obfenred  that,  at  dinner,  he  coiitcntejj 
rffbe  Ports  j»'  but  how  to  gratify  my  cu-    hnnfelf  with  water,  as  his  beverage.  .  I 


riofity  I  was  at  a  iofs.  I  thought,  fronl 
a]l  I  had  heard  of  Dr.  Johnfon,  that  I 
Ihould  dlTcover  him  if,  by  any  means,  I 
could  engage  him  in  converlation.  The 
gentleman  by  the  fide  of  him  remarked, 
<<  I  wonder.  Sir,  that  you  can  raid  in  a 
coach  wliich  travels  (b  fwiftly ;  it  would 


I  aflced  him, "  Whether  he  had  ever  tafted 
htmbo?"'  a  Weft-Indian  potation,  whicfe 
is  neither  more  nor  lefs  than  very  Ilrdng 
punch.  "  No,  Sir,"  faid  he.  I  madp 
fome.  He  tafted  j  and  iiecla«d,  that  if 
ever  he  drank  any  thing  clfe  than  water, 
it  ihould  be  bmnio.    When  the  fad  n)o- 


make  my  head  ache."    «<  Aye,  Sir,"  re-  °*«*  ^^  fep«ration,  at  Salift>ury,  arrived^ 

plied  he,  "  books  make  fome  people's  **  Sir,"  faid  he,  ««  let  me  fee  you  it 

head  ache."    This  appeared  to  me  jobn»  London,  upon  your  return  to  your  n%* 

fimam.  I  knewieveralperftms  nHthwhora  ^*^«  country.    I  am  forry  that  we  mu(k 

Dr.  Johnibn  was  well  acquainted  i  this  P**^-     U^^^  always  looked  upon  it  as 

was  another  mode  of  trying  how  for  my  *^*  y^vr^  condition  of  man's  deftiny, 

conjecture  was  right.    *«  So  you  know  **^^  p«rfon«  are  fo  often  torn  afundci^f 

Mifs  Hannah  More,  Sir  ?"    «« Well,  Sir :  J^  *•  ^^  become  happy  in  each  other's 


the  befl  of  all  the  female  veriifiers."  This 
phraliBalogy  confinned  my  former  opinion. 
We  now  reached  Hounflow,  and  were 
Serrtd  with  our  breakfaft.  Having  found 
that  noni  of  my  travelling  companions 
knew  thi9  «ntleman,  I  piauiiyput  the 


fociety." 

Perhaps,  Mr.  Editor,  you  may  thiiik 
this  little  narrative  worthy  of  a  place  in 
ycmr  excellent  Repofitory.  Althou^ 
many  writers  have  detailed  the  private 
life  of  Dr.  Johnfon,  fo  that  his  chara^ 


queftionc^'*  May  I  take  &  liberty.  Sir,  *»  «mplrtcly  underftood,  yet  every  littte 

to  enq[uii«  wM^erymi  be  not  Dr.  John-  anecdote,  hithsrto  unpubliOied,  refpeaine 

fon  ?"    •'  The  fame.  Sir.'*    "  I  am  hap-  ^^wh  a  nrodiey  of  literature,  tannot,  1 

7,"  replied  I,  ««  to  congratulate  the  *«*^  iuppofc,  be  altogether  unintcrcfU 

[earned  world,  that  Dr.  Johi^,  whom  the  ^-        I  remain.  Sir,  your's. 


C 


papers  lately  announced  to  be  dangeroufly 
indiipofoi,  IS  re-eftabliibed  m  his  health." 
**  Tbe  civileft  young  man  I  ever  met  with 
MffHTH.  Mao.  Ne  JCKV2U« 


mitfbire, 
Feb,  22tZ798. 


H.&f 


M 


» 


Mr.  PMerHrfi  BxplanattM. 


rw. 


Sist?  tt^f^1(  l»^7ered  entire 
w  w     to  ilie  public,  it  ftWom,  <«•«#¥«•> 
ii  -jiWl&ry  for  the  author  t«l  appear  m 

r4^c#,  ortiq^lftiiAtioar  at»  itgood> 
win  defend  jtfttf,  if  Vad,  it  is  w>t 
wohh  defeading,  and  no  defence  can 
INve'k.  Bi«»  when  a  publicatirti  pro- 
ceeds wogre^^ely,  and  is  attended  wit,h 
€ftnfiJtfame  expence,  bot6  to  the  pro- 
jrietors  and  the  pvrchlfisr^  by  whofe 
Spinibii  tt  ftands  or  falls,  it  is  fomctimes 
jBciihl>ettton^thchoflefty  of  the  Editor, 
«^  ''aee<MBt  for  ieemin?  deficiencies. 
WttRthiiVfcwonljr,  I  ftlicit  admiffion 
^'the  following  Of ief,  but  neceflary, 
explanations,  rehtive  to  a  woilt  conduaed 
W  me*  **  ^be  Portraits  vf  i&ijlrious  Per- 
/(us  tfScvtUmdt*  I  remain  a  wtfll- wiflier 
10  yotir  liberal  andh^tereftlng  publicatioiv. 
I      .    .  John  PikkeKton. 

""  "^tc"  work,  iniitled  "  Ic9n9graphia 
Jh^tica^  mr  Portraits  (^iHuflrious  Perjons^  rf 
'  tcotlani^^^  is  coropfelc  in  four  parts» 
jbnning  one  volume  in  4tQ. .  or  8vp. 
.Another,  ftyled  "  the  Scott/h  Gallery,  or 
portraits  rfMmmni  ferfons  rf  Scotlaffd\^ 

ffk^Ay  of  them  after  piauiw  by  the  ^le* 
Uated  Jimpfon  at  Taymouth,  and  elfc- 
-Vkere,  -will  fpeedily  appear   in  funilar 
Jparts* 

- .  S^me  of  the  plates^  in  the  fiift  publica- 

/tlen,  tall  far  ihort  of  the  ecirtpr>  cxjic£U- 

\ion,  iiotwithftanding.  ail  biti  exeitions^ 

sa4  his  infifling*  on  thtee  or  four  being 

Jgit  up,  an4  fuperior/piectui  of  art  fubr 

jlitutejl . .     In  the  ff  cpiid  \york  it  is  hoped 

%ere  Nt^iH  be  no  realbn  for  complaint  on 

^:Ais  fcorc,  as  Nir/En.NYARLP  HARDiNCt 

"iff  all'Mall,fupcrintends  all  the  engrav- 

ibs*  >  "^^'^y  of  which  are  by  G  ARDiN^a, 

axis  other  eminent  artiftj^.    The  portrait* 

;tliiemfelves  rather  exceecT  thole  ot  tlie  Rril 

work,  in  curiofity  and  importance :    thp 

ilccQunts  of  n^markable  perfcns,  are,  in 

•ixiany  Inftances,  mor^,  cxtf nhve  j   ^ind  a 

pifTeititi^  will  be  prefixed  to  ^bc  vu- 

]lume,  on  the  Rife  and  f  rogref*  of  Pamt- 

ing  in  Scotland, 

in.thefirll  woik,  federal  of  the  pJAlps 

^%¥ercinferted  by  the  publifl\tr  iaopjjofi- 

tion  to  .thq  editor's  adv;te  >u)$i  ^re^non- 

'prances   fuch  an  fi^me  fa^-fumle% ,-A'om 

^Jbnfon's  In/criptioties^  aMarvMagd^n, 

cryini^  »^^  writing,   put  tor. a.  Mary, 

&eai  of  Scots,  &c.    Yet,  amid  theie 

j^e^sy  there  is  a  great  nUHiJ><r  of  good 

•  ^ate^D  from  very  in^reliing  por(r»its. 

^    The  editor,  dirgt^Affd  with  thoi«  M 


^ates,  and  oiftier  difiigrttiiRc  ineidlotlV 
requix^  that  his  name  Ibould  not  appear 
ill  the  title,  and  aftually  daihed  it  out  in 
the  copy  fliewn  to  him :  yet  it  was  in- 
ierted. 

In  the  fccond  work,  the  fubjeas  are 
ftle£>,  and  fome  exouilitcly  engraven. 
Mo  bad  plates,  nor  doubtful  portraits, 
will  appear. 

It  only  remains  to  apologize  for  the  want 
of  fome  porti"aits,  promil&l  !n  the  ProT- 
pe6Vus,  and  which  have  «ot  been  given. 

I.  There  is  ao  portrait  of  .R«beTt  II.  st 
Taymouth.  Erroneous  informatioa  was  the 
cauie  of  this,  and  other  roiftakes. 

%,  There  is  ao  poifrait  of  Elinbcth  More. 

3.  Oneofthtportnittso£Af>rgare(,9ieen 
©f  James  IV.  is  procured.    The  other  is  ia.a 


L" 


royal  oalace — and  it  is  a  fio^ular  inftitutiop, 
fincc  the  rcigo.of  CharUs  U.  that  no  pitlure, 
in  any  of  the  palaces,  can  be  cooled  without 
a  pcrquiiite  of  four  guineas  to  the  Chambcr- 
Urn*s  clerks.  As  it  is  a  pcrquifitc,  it  is  indif- 
penfiblc — but  certainly  nothing  can  be  more 
difgraccful  to  the  prelcnt  floun/hing  fete  of 
the  arts  in  this  country. — ^This,  however, 
will  not  prevent  the  appearance  of  this  por* 
t^t indue  time :  the  difeacttroin  to^n,  and 
iu  being  the  oely  one  in  thsf  palace,  «ic  the 
real  caufes  oCthe  delay. 
.  4.  Cardipal  Inaes,  A.  D*  H^a,  is  pro- 
cured, as.  are  all  the  others  mentioned  in  the 
Profpe^US,  except  the  following : 

5.  Regent  Murray,  at  Fpnthill.  A  draw- 

tg  was  taken.     It  is  fome  ScotUh    gentle- 
an,  of  the  end  of  laft  century,  In  a  High- 
land drefs. 

.    6«  Waop  Dunbar,  at  Aberdeen,  !s  a  re^ 
cent  imd  iros«iuJiry  piaurc. 

7.  There  is  no  portrtk  of  Robatt  IL  st 
Strawberry  HiU.  ,        ^ 

S.  Thorc  is  n»  f oitrait  olSir  RobertMur- 
'ray  in  th^  apaftmenta  of  the  Royal  Society. 

9.  The  Cardinal  Bcton^  at  If olxrfood- 
houfc  is  imaginary.  Mr.  Pennant  inlorms 
me,  Uisafortuga  Cardinal  of  laft  century--- 
and  the  portrait  in  an  oval,  is  quite  unlike 
the  manner  of  ^vtoa's  time.  ^ 

■     10.  The  Barl  Douglas,   4t  Caveb,    is  of 
dubious  cxifttnce. 

n.  LoitlWcftcote'6ducWft'^»telHn«wI 
«  already  engraved  for  the  MWBWi«'of<'»«- 

'mont.  **■        .     ^ 

la.  Dr.  Bureefc,  of  the  Charter»hQole, 
has  been  often  eftgrav^d,  and  was,  it  i»  be- 
lieved, .a?  EngUi^n^n.  He  is  an  lionour  to 
his  country ;,  but  this,  work  Is  coojped  to  the 
neglected  province  of  Scotifii  itonography. 

Tff  the  ESm  vftbt-Montb^  M^^tKihie. 

SIR,  ,  .  ,.2. 

TO  ttcbook?,.wliichC;,.l>.  rec<>flj- 
■  mends  tq  your  cbrrarpondcUt  L,  *1 
beg  I^avc  to'add  the  TotioWing;- which  it 

•    •■    ■    •  ■  may 


AS  f«ma]eFrM!iuUy  Soesdicf  (tlradi 
tlie  pikitotkrop^  of  tt«  BrTtlfb  ^ 
diet)  igpAf  j^Mriy  bccvnie9noqeig|UMn|lf 

of  ,one  kiftkuH  at  Wilb^  ia  the  y«dr 
1796 ;  ho^  '^  it  «iay  t^a<ii/MK  bciie^t 
mtendeil  \>f  Aich  inftitiitipiMy  and.boif 
bnff  the  tund  may  be-Me^aitt  t^  i^ 
needful  outg6l|i0f»  I  leave.'to  h^tUir  (b4* 
culators  to  enquift ;  biit  ihe-itberal  itMf 
it  aiTords"  in  caites  of  chiid-bed  |  iuM, 
whieh,  smongft  the  lower  ordcrt  of  Am> 
cictv,  cdl  aloud  for  fyni^athjr,  vi^U^t 
doobt  not,  incline  (ht  atuxuac  proiJiM»ttf« 
of  fimiku*  afibctatioui^  ro  gi  v«  it  a  ftrig||t 
attehtibiL 

Honorary  mtmbcn  xp  Iti  inftttntioB'  ft 
Benefited  do.      •.•••«r  xo^^ 

TouiUmoumofcaih,  bydoMttom'  -  -  '^ 
and  fubf«rl]^tioot    •     •     -     •  ^2x4  I4 

Diftmried  Co  fick  tauahta     ^     » *     34    9 


Maocc  reioaioijig 


tSc  J 


Tfojh^Y^tSmmA^  \ad  not  falkniu  the     r<i  J^fAto'^tfiiM'iM^.lis^^ 

waf  of  that  ingenious  writer ;  but  which 
aremuchtothepoiiity  and  are  confidered* 
I  apprehend,  ^s  pofleffin^  much  merit. 

I.  Two  Traa«  entitled,  one,  "  An 
Efaf  m  die  Pvwer  of  NwMrs^  and  The 
PrinrifJts  of  Harmony  in  Poetical  Compofi- 
ts9nr  The  other,  "  An  EJfaf  en  the 
Poitjer  and  Harmony  of  Frofmc  tiumbers : 
.hcL:gaSeaatltome4mtke  rrwer  of  Htm* 
hen  and  lie  lYiu^iplcs  of  harmony  in  Poetic 
Compofi^As."^  f749«  Ph^^fe  pieces  are 
anonymous;  but  it  it  well  known  that 
they  were  written  by  the  •  Re^.  John 
Maibn,  M.  A*  author  of  a  Trratite  on 
Self-knowledge*  and  fi;ven  volumes  of 
Seraiont,  which  met  with  good  accept- 
ance I  and  many  years  the  refpeftable  mi* 
niflerof  a  conprtgation  of  Prbteflant  Dif- 
fenters  at  Chcfliunt,  in  Hertfordihire. 

i,  **  An  EJayon  the  Harmony f  Farie^ 
and  Power  of  Numbers  in  general:**  and 
another  on  thofe  of  ^'ParaJife  Lofty**  in 
particular:  printed  in'a  poUhumous  vo- 
lume of  th.e  "  Poems  of  the  Rev,  Samuel 
Say  ;**  for  nine  years  minifler  of  the  dif- 
ienting  congr^tibn  in  Prince^s-ftree^, 
Weftminfter.  Tfefe  effays  have  been  much 
admired  by  perfons  of  tafte  and  judgment. 
The  lecond  was  written  at  the  deiire  oif 
Mr.  Richardibn,  tWPaitfter.  The  editor 
of  both,  and  of  the  poems,  wasWtlHate 
Doncombe*  JEUq^  yoiinge^  ibn  of  Joi^n 
Duncon;>be».  £f^.  of  Sto^l&s,  in  Heft- 
fordfliire,  the  friend  of  Archbiihop  Her- 
ring.* 

3.  **  Ohfervationi  on  Poetry^  tJpecioBy 
the  Bfki  9ea^oned  hytbe  late- Poem  upon 
Leonukt.**  The  name  at  the  end  of  the 
pi9%^t.ai]llwriirs  ui  to  ^<i  ibe  this  piece 
10  J9r.  pesolMTton*  i«ie«9f.Jthe.Proie(Ibrs 
at  Gr^pfltM^  Co%ge,  from  whence  it  is 
dated,  9tli  UiSft  171%  i  author  of  a 
"  rienv  of  Sift  Jjadu  Hewt$n*$  PMofiffyi* 
and,  if  JOY  mmory  Jbe  c<mkA»  the  Uft 
funrlviog  friend  ol  thv  SJ^  nun. 

This  communication,  it  is  boped«  may 
^  sLgte^lM  to  bot^ ^our  corrtlnondfms, 
and  iiarrttoicoiiaipiflte  lift*  of  publications 
on  Engllfh  verhhcation  and  profai^  hs«r- 
numy. 

I  am^  Sir, 

Your  ceiiftaat  mdcr^ 

TiUPrtnr,  x^thjan,  1798^  J.  T. 

•  See  ^rjchWfliogrferring*!  Letters  to  W. 
Duwtoilfliij-Eia.'p^Tl,  72,  &ci  and  the  CON 
rcfpondenceof  Joha  Hughes,  "Efa.  In  3  vols. 

coiti^.  jor^e^  A({ittalfrs.4tf  Mri  tty,:the 
reader  is  referred  to  the  «  Pi?^^^V>i//^- 
tirt  Ma^mumfv  Jfii^  ^  ^^^H^J^m, 


Tbe  bonofaiy  mcinbers  appoint  amiy* 
ally  three  or  inprp  itewards,  who  are  |^ 
ylnt  the  fid,  1^  carry  ttieir  wwkl/ d* 
ioi^ance,  theie,  wit!)  die  fecietarf^  aad 
ftewards  (£v  the  time  being)  form  a  coOi* 
mittef^i  deemed  C0«y)etstt  to  IratiAftliC 
thebufinelf.fisfthelopiefy.  JBachhoDorary 
membrr  pays  on  admiffion  51.  fbr  % 
printed  copy  of  the  rules  6(1.  and  (is.  64* 
for  a  rear's  fubftriptionln  sulrance  \  thoft 
benefited  pay  as.  6d.  entrance,'  3d.  for '9^ 
copy  of  the  rules,  and  6|d.  the  iirft  Mblu 
day  in  everv  month,  at  any  hour  or  plact 
appointed  by  the  ftew'ards.  There*  is  ^ 
fhiail  fine  tor  nonp^vmeAt,  which  is  a}* 
plied  to  encreafing  tne  l^ond.  Annual  a&i 
quarterly  meetings  are  held,  but  the  ek* 
pence  ofa  dimmer  was  thought  u^heceflatv* 

Aiiy  benefited  member,  wheri  ttkrn  til 
or  lame,  and  unable  tp  purfUl:'  hdr  ufltel 
employment,  (provided  her  itlnefs  is  not 
occafionnl  hf  uufyoaingty  is  aUowel 
$s.  6d.  a^week  for  the  &*ft  month  of  her 
confinement,  and  2s.  6d.  a  ^wtek  if  ^ 
iUnefM  continues  for  a  longer  time.  Majr* 
ried  member?,  in  .cafes  of  .child-bed,  >«« 
peiVe  regu\^rhr  5S«  ^  v^eck  for  oiW  months 
and  2S.  6d.  a  week  fo  m^ch  bngerftS'the 
iiewards  judse  neceftary .  Thoie  who  i^- 
move  from  Wifbech,  are  r^Ot  entitled  tj» 
•anyweeklyalhswaiiee.     •"'  "!. 

Tbefum  of  aos«  is  paid  to  ^y'm'aYf  ibd 
member  db  thexieath  of  1i)er  hti»b^(  ^A 
5s;  fi>rea«h'bf  ht/l0bildnA  thdi*  liViil^, 
under  14.  years,  upoh  fuelf  deatK  bei|ur 


-^         AOtmfs^Aduiti^s  of  the  AmitnUy  hy  Mn  ITahJUii' 

gle  benefited  mdmber,  or  widow,  who    lus,  iv.  ».  7>      * 

r^ut  tiok  rd^eived  toy  ttXSKi  from  the  fond    inam,  quic4iuid  agit.  qixo^o  veftii^  lutitt  ' 
lipaa^'lier  i|di^ui>  jAT  .thfts death,  of  her   Componit  l\irtim  fuble^ieorqoe  decor. 


^huihand,  ccafc'at  the  attainment t  of  her 
.58th  ytar;  and  tf,  having  rcoelred  be^ 
*  nelit/  (he  eoBtinneft  her  fttbCcrifition  two 

Vcairs  longer,  in  either  of  thdeeafesi  (he 
.« entitled  to  receive  aunuallf  (for  life) 
,the  f\i»  of  11^.  by  four  equal  ^uert^riy 

Ipa^tteatf  i^mt  ftichnMaibcrh9«nonir- 
.ther  claim  upon  the  fociety. 
.  Every  member  muft  fubfcribe  to  the 
.find  one  year  before  ihe. can  receive  any 
Jr^llef  from  the  inftitutioij}  ^or  are  ^y 
4  admitted  above  the  Hge  of  45,  or  yho  do 
t  tPt  at  the  time  enjoy  good  h«4^ 


*•  fcr'.  316; 


Wboflu  thMf,^ou^.l  a«s 


-CoraiDyj 


Tro'xus^octf:  yixp^i ' 
Cfnft  raiie  thy  cieatttie  to  what  heighth  thoa 

wilt 
Of  )ioion  mr  comma^iqi :  ver.  439. 
Frclesit  vel  imo  tolleie  de  gyada 

Morble  corpos :  Hot.  od.  i«  3S- a 
»all  heaven 


Aifd  happ/  coaftelUtioos  oa  that  boar 
Shed  iheir  fclefteft  ifiilaeBee  i  the  eanb 
B':M7s'S:^mlS^l^^hiA*f^  fig.  of  i^Ution,  «^  each  hiU, 

?l"?^>'^5..'^i!?u^!!?^^^  -rrpriiactV-ttaetFonabaJaiip 


poverfy*  Withputdebaiing  the  mind)  at 
'  Wifbech,  ibme  ladies  havefonned  a  9>- 
*cicty  for  lending  the  neceflitout,  in  cafca 

of  chi!d4»irth,  iiiitable  linen  during  their 
HMttfinementy  which,  after  a  ftated  time, 
'is  returned  to  the  p«fon  under  wh<^e  care 
•^it-is-JJfaced .  From  this,  much  btmefit  has 

*  artfen,  many  being  totally  unaHle  to  pro^ 
<  cure  what  was  aUbJutely  requifite  in  fuch 
ffituations.     '      '         ' 

mjbech^M,  17. ,  A. 

•M&mU  ImhoH^nf  Oe  AtieimU.    B7 
•  •     Mr.  Wakbfislp-  ' 
^concluded)'. 

*  The  Angel  eodcd,  and  in  Adam's  car 

So  ch2irmlng  left  his  voice,  that  he  a  while 
'  Thought  him  ftlU  fpeikSng,  ftiU  ftoo<i  fix*d 

*  to  bear/  Par.  Loft^  b.  viii.  ver«  I. 
The  immediate  prototyj^  of  this  elc- 

^  eaat  and  pleafing  piaflage  m  Apollontui 

*^KhodIus  has  been  pointed  out,  bnt  that 

author  only 'enlarged  on  a  tlioUght,  with 

which  the  father  of  goetxy  had  fupplled 

him,  in  OdyiT.  xiii.  %•     ' 

*ilq  fi^O'*  o»^  a^  itwm^  ftieqr.tTtMm 

Jfjf^m^^'t  ^xnrrs  mmw  /atysf*  muMrm* 
•And  the  turn  of  Pope's  vcrfion  plainly 

*  flfc^/  that  Milton  was*  J)refent  to  his 
inind: 

^^.z  ccas'd ;  hut  hft  pfieafikg  m  that  tar 
'  }{is  tmce,  that  RJI^ning  ^ftbeyjicm'^dtohea^, 
A  paafc  of  filehcc  huffi'd  the  fhady  rooms. 


Bant  iignum  1  fuUere  tgnea  ^t  confcias  MAer 
Connubiis,fumaioquc  uloUruni  rerticcKyai- 

ph«,    Vtrg.  /pa.  IT.  166- 
■  .  .'in  all  enjoyments  elfe 

Superior  and  unmovM  $  here  only,  weak 
Againft  the  charm    Of   beauty's  powerful 
'      gispce:  ver.  531.  ' 

7his  exquifite  ^ke  of  ingenuous  nature 

items  dilate  fronf  Sophoclesj  Trachia* 

4SI. 

*A€  r«AX'  iitsii#'  VMfr  oMrtvtn  yf^ff 

And  cxa^lv  in  the  fame  fentiment  Phi« 
loftrattts,.vit.  ApoU  Ty.  iv.  as. 

rw  k  tffrmuip  imrro. 

■  ■   I      —What  flie  wills  to  do,  or  fay, 
Stemi  wifeft,  vir^uoufeil,  4ifcieispeft>  beft; 

SoPdybivSy  Hill.  i.  14*    Amm%  Jb 

ffctf  -^xrrd  kituffw  il  xai^jbfioi  vtWfmX" 

More  (crateYul  than  harmonious  found  to  th' 

ear :  ver.  66o, 
.      ■  qng  carmm  fraikar  wttem 

OCclapkt  hamanam  x  Hor.fat.  Xu  X*  ^y 
9o  frying,  he  arofe :  whom  Adam  thus 
Follow'^  with.benedidion  s  ver.  644. 
DIa'tV,  et,  ia'ccBlum  paribus  ie  fuftobt  aUs^ 
Agno^t  jbviifis,  dtipticefque  ad  fidera  palmas 
SUfiultC,  et  tali/oj^aifim  eft  V»9  ;^An; 


,  et 

,^  l^irg.  ilin.  Ix"r4. 

Plato  too;  in  the  beginning  of  his  Me-    -     ^^  ^^     ^^c  Angel  «p  to  beaten' 
n^enus  has  borrow^  this  >auty  fnna    5,0m  the  ttock*  fliad^  aad  Adaa^  «r  ins 
^^^V      \  .     :.     V.-.,        '"  -bower*  ver.  651,    .-      ., 

*5«?^^?V*^'  njute,  aflcome^aafr  and  grace    jt^^J^  '$t>wr»Si%  *ifta*^U»*fUsiwrt» 


MUitet  Wtattans  cftbe  Ancuhts,  Ij  MnWutkrfiiO:         i$ 
CotepwiliW'Od^/N.^em;  To  dwtblcft  p«ir?   Hw  gMr  wodn 


-V—  fmiles  from  rcafon  floWj 
To1tfntesdeAy>Mr  bookk.  ver.  239 


«iect 
MortiOiiy  my  ^rittncc  ? 


yer.773^ 


Nemefias,  dc hornine,  p.  »*.  ed.  Oxon.     T'  jgcft         - 


fJUr  i^T»  t^  twi«<  »r9f6«ro  Ta  7i^«JT•f*•ft 

Earth  felt  Ibe  wound  $  and  natoxie  firo^i  hor 

SijIuOK  throp^h  all  her  works,  gave  figof  of 

woe 
That  in  was  loft;  ver.  78a.  That 

This  incomparable  f^ecimen  of  fublimity 
and  pathos  is  ef^ntially  indebted  to  a 
pallage  from  Virgil  aixtady  quoted  at 


Condirio  ?  Poffem  taocos^ire  dolores 
None  ocrtS)  ct  mif^co  Iratri  ««0kes  irt  fab 

umbras* 
iamortaUs  e^?  .  Virg*  Mii^  xiu  S79*  • 

I  I  L.  .p  *Sh<tterigg  the  graceful  loclo 
OC  thefe  fair  fpreadiiig  trees  s  which  bids  m 

feek  . 

SoflUe  better  ihroud :  va».  1066.  ^ 
And  gan  aaone»  fo  foftly  as  I  couldei 
Amonge  the  hvfixM  priTcly  me  xojbrwdii 

Chauccr^s  Black?  Knight,  ftansa  ai • 


rerTTii.  of  the  prtccdinr  book,  aud  to    T^  V^^^o™  the  Father,  without  cload  fereas. 
o.^J_  u.    .^.    *^'  -     -    *?    •  Book  xi.  Ter.  4';* 


Geoig.  hr.  49X. 


-  Ibi  om^is 


Efoiui  labor,  atque  immitis  rop^  tyranni 
Federa;  terque  fragor  ftagnis'auUitusAver- 

ni?,  ■*•*■'■  ' 
CoQipare  too  Ham.  II.  N.  49^. 

And  knew  not  eating  death :  vcr. 
This  is  a  pure  Qivcifin:   fim^  79»» 

Sky  Iower*d;  andmuttVuig  thuader^  fome 

lad  drops 
Wepe— 2  Ter.  looa. 
Ai^MTOitfVttf  h  ^uAiq  nartygvtv  i^t^ 
lUu^A  ^rr^fuur:  Horn,  11.  H.  459i 
breeding  wings 
Wherewith  to  Tcorn  the  earth :  ver.  20 lo, 
S^mt  bnmm  fugieate  ffn^f  Hor.  od.  ill. 

2.24. 
The  beaded  twigs  pkt  root,  and  daugliten 

grow 
About  the  mother  tr^,  a  piUar'd  ihades 
▼er.  1105. " 

•  etiam  Paraafia  lanrus 


Book  ?i.  Ter.  45 
Tbi9    alludo    to.  Pfajm   xcrii.  •• 
«<  Clouds  and  darknefs  are  rouod  about 
him." 

■  and,  if  by  prayer 

ioceflant  I  could  hope  to  change  the  WlU    ' 
Of  him  who  aU  things  can,  I  would  na^ 

ceafe  -     ' 

To  weary  him  mi^  my  afltduo^s  cr^es  t 

vcr.  307? 
.    .■!  ,      fncf  i\^zfatigtxt  ^     . 

Virgines  fiwiftae  minus  audientem 
Carmioa  Veftam  ?  Hor.  od.  i.  a.  6a.* 

—     ■■■  who,  if  we  kiMW 

What  we  receite,  would  either  not  accept  ^ 
Life  offered,  or  fooo  bej  to  lay  k  dowD> 
Plad  to  be  fo  difmlifed  in  peace :  f  er.  %o^: 
The  poet  had  in  ^icw  a  wcU-kaowtt 
epigram  of  Polidippus : 
Hf  «f»  rot»l^  Ivm  tJ^  «»^otc,  u  to  tsmo-Ak 
MuJk  WOT,  19  TO  dfltMif  avram  Tixrot 

And  the  laft  claufe  is  firom  Lukeii.  sj* 
others  from  the  wall  defend 


With  dart  and  javelin,  ftones  and  falphuroua 

fire':   ver.  567. 
Hijaculii,  illi  ccrtant  difinJere  Jaxih 


Parra  fob  ingenti  matru  (e  fubjlcit  amhri: 
Yirg.  Geo.  ii.  X9« 

Which  he  prefomes  already  Tain  and  void,  

Becaofe  not  yet  infliaed,  a«  he  fear'd,  UoMaJel^^m,  nir7i^ue  'ifi^rc  fiigUm  9 

B|fomeimmed»atbftroke:  book  a.  ver.  50.    ^    yJrg.  £n.  x.  130? 

Ignovifle  pntas,  quia  cum  tonat,  ocynr  ilea    s^ptiaing  in  tha  proAucnt  ftresm  &  xii«  ver« 
$alfore  difcatfttur  Acre,  quam  tuqUe,  dt-  44a.    ' 

muiqmt    Ferfius  ii.  a4-  I^.^^^  i.  ^^u  Pue^os  i«>r./««^  1 


Bridg^g  his  way  :  ver.  370. 

With  hatefulleft  aifrcllihVith'd  their  jaws. 
▼er.  56^.  '■■■•■■'''- 


Triftia  teatantum  ienfu  ttrf»ila9 


mittijubet." 
r<f  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly,  Magazine^ 

T«Eriaft  Aum^r  «f  your  Magaaije 
..apnpuivcs  tbat  Or.  Bbddobs  vi^ 
fcon  farour  the  public  with  one  or  two 
more  centurica*  of  obfervations,  on  the. 
afttf-i»«ifcrtarc(ft2b  of  nitrous  add  j  ^mA 
tmit  he  dffrika  h^  ihall  lie  abTe'  to  bring; 


'==^^""  5H^-.',  |-S2SSJ>s  JsLi5£:.x 


have 


86 


Mr.  Blair  $n  Nitrous  Acid..JnutiHtf  rf  Tmimt 


linefclimBiwd.  FfbmaaliiatvHdditkk 
jdpcdabk  phyfician  has  dropped*  k  ap- 
pears, ibat  **  q/c^j  a.iecoBd  fetter  mm 
K{r.  Scott,  of  Bombaj/'  has^tfallea 
intoliis  hands  -.  I  therefore  conceive^  that 
it  ws^ht  a  piece  of  agreeable  intelligenge'  • 
to  hiin*  as  well  as  to  the  other  advocates 
for  •*  tbe  nrw  jfecijicy'*  to  be  mf(»ined, 
tiot  ftvend:  letters  have  Iseen  lately  re- 
ceived from  Bambay>  in  vhich  Mr. 
$C0TT  eo^eaTours  to  corroborate  his 
former  remarks,  and  propofes  another 
mode  of  adminiftving  this  remedy.  In 
tibe  fourth  letter,  dated  Aug;uft  the  5th, 
1797,  he  relates,  <<  A  cafe  of  lues  venerea 
cured  by  bathing  in  the  diluted  nitric 
acid,  that  affords  (he  (ays)  the  moft  (atis- 
fo^ory  evidence  of  its  great  and  truly 
foprnbig  eticacy  i*"  and  he  even  fuppofes 
^tfiat  this  method  «^  is  lliil  more  eifeaual 
tban  its  exttrnal  ufe.**  The  ingenious 
•ndkor  concludes  with  theie  remarkable 
%rotds :  <<  In  a  few  years,  I  think,  that 
:«rxcttnr,  as  a  remedy  for  the  lues  vene- 
tea,  wiU  be  bani(hed  by  this  acid  i  and, 
in  ibme  of  my  dreams  for  the  improvement 
of  the  condition  of  man,  I  evien  imagine, 
that  the  poiibn  of  Syphilis  may,  tn  a 
mat  meafort,  be  extmguiflied  over  the 
tux  of4he«aith,  not  by  the  efforts  of  the 
magiftxate,  \ftAbf  am  41^0^  likt  tlnty  fifty 
fa^t  aadegteaaows*^* 

Mm  tlie  refolt  of  my  own  trials,  in 
matfy  ixty  cafes  of  lues  venerea,  differs, 
i»  IMs»  m>m  tbe  caperienee  of  Mr. 
Scott,  and  of  many  other  geademca, 
(cannot  but  fed  anxious  to  fee  a  detail 
of  "  tbe  fa/^s*'  which  Dr.  Beddoes  has 
promiiedi  and  as  the  triith,  wherever  it 
may  litj  can  only  arife  foom  the  general 
aiafs  of  evidence,  I  ihall  deem  it  mcom- 
bent  ispon  me,  to  publics  aU  ray  caies,  as 
flKm  «s  tbe  odior  duties  of  my  profoflion 
affcMxl  me  leifure.  In  the  interim,  I  /hall 
be  happy  to  receive  foch  additional  com- 
nnnications  as  pra£titioners  may  pleafe 
to  honour  me  witn.  Every  cafe,  faithfully 
drawn  up,  will  ferve  to  throw  light  on 
this  interefting  fulijeftj  and  therefore 
Ottgbt  not  tQ  be  loft  to  die  pubhc. 

I  cannot  forbear  fuggelltng  a  hlnt» 
which,  I  fear,  ^nie  of  our  sta^ous  ex})e- 
rimeaters  ftand  in  need  of;  that  an  hafty 
opinion  may  bcthe  occaiton  of'SMPumu- 
.|ftt«d  r«fenff0i  %o  fm^^enm  \  4»d  that 
H  wa£c  m^n  wiM  fufj^qd  kttLJtidgewnt 
Mltil  tlin  matter  ifif^s^wy  fniiU  <iare  jbesttn 
jfiltty  inivft^ti^ii  the4Qif<id«^Hoiaof  a 

inhtpft.iBMtiUk«M  ill  ^  nxta^nmt  of 

I  remain,  &c. 
Great  Ruffel-ftreet,  W.  BlaIR. 

Pit,  so,  1798. 


r§  tbe  EdUor  ^tfr  Mm^  MigfljJn , 
SI  a, 

ABOUT  fcvcn  vears  ago,  a  variety  of 
fchemes  were  formed,  undcrthe  name 
of  Tontines,  which  promifed  great  advan- 
tages to  fubfcribcrs,  from  the  ipiprove- 
ment  of  money  at  compound  interdEt,  in* 
hieaicd  by  the  benefits  arifing  foom  fur. 
▼ivorfiiip ;  and  as  many  of  thefe  fchemes 
are  now  about  expiring,  it  is  very  proba- 
ble that  the  managers  and  (ecretaries 
(who  appear  to  be  the  perlbns  moft  be- 
nefited by  them)  will  oner  to  the  public 
new  propofaU,  holding  out  a  ftUf  more 
allunng  profpcft  of  accumulating  wealth, 
from  the  preient  high  intereft  of  mcner. 
Schemes  of  diis  kind  are  principally 
adapted  to  a  clafs  of  jterfbns  wno  are  leaft 
qualified  for  examining  into  the  t>riiicl- 

}>les  upon  which  they  are  founded ;  and 
uth  perfons,  not  findmgtheunwaiTanted 
hopes  they  had  been  led  to  entertain  rc- 
aliled,  may,  in  their  difaj^ntment,  re- 
ject eveiy  mode  of  making  piovtfion  for  a 
foture  period,  and,  confe^nentiy,  a  dif- 
pofition  highly  laudable  in  the  individual, 
and  beneficial  to  the  consnunity,  be  raucfa 
difcourugeJ.  This  conTideraticm,  i  hope, 
will  be  a  fufficient  apology  fior  fobmittmg 
to  the  public,  throu|^  the  medium  of 
your  Msgnzine,  a  few.  remarks  on  tbe 
ftatcment  lately  publi/hcd,  for  the  infor- 
mation of  the  members  of  one  of  thefe 
focictie^;  tbe  term  of  which  being  expired, 
the  members  are  aboat  to  receive  their  ex- 
pelled profits  in  the  divifion  of  the  ftock. 

The  plan  vwis  formed  for  feven  years; 

the  contribution  being  thirteen  fliillings 

per  quarter:  the  total  ftim  appears  by 

the  account  as  follows  t 

986  Deaths  and  Defaulters,    £.zi^7*     30 

3550  Subfcript tons  coroplcated  64,^x0    00 

Fines        -  -         -        928  15  0 

Dividends  on  Sexk     •      n»679    78 

m 

Total  81,090     $  t 

Theik  fums  appear  as  the  tot^  receipt^ 
but,  it  muft  be  obiervcd,  they  air  excio- 
five  of  fixpence  per  quarter,  paid  on  each 
ihare  for  management,  which  amounts  on 
ihares  that  have  been  compleated  to  148  si* 
tiefidcs  what  has  b«tn  pddd.  on  the  (hanes 
forfeited ;  which,  if  tHey  arc  fuppofed  to 
have  been  continued  on  an  average  thire 
years  eich,  makes  295I.  to  which  mutt'be 
added,  a  demand  of  two  ihiliiAgs  |ier  (h»e, 
made  on  (4w  payment  of  thetefttnbfcrif- 
tidti;  What  this  addi^dia)  payme«tt>f 
S55I.  waS'for,  unlfefs  av  rydir^rteeaat 
falary  to  the  pr^>ei^  til|k^.4#  i^"^ 
liuuad  ont  ane^fet  'of^fob£»2^rS)^idift- 
cult  to  conceive ;  but,  with  tnetwo/^rmeri 
it  makes  the  expence  of  management 
amount  to  tbra  tboufand,  om  Inmdrtdy  an4 
tbirij'ji'ue  ffmidi. 


IfuUili$frf7ontiniS'^Be6ksf(>rCharitfSc^^^  Burke.     8^ 


&d  iSik  ileath^  sad  defaulters  beqi 
£i?en  iepsursite,  it  is  probable  that  the 
iixux  w^ald  have  aopeared  the  greater 
Dumber;  from  whicn  the  prefent  mem* 
bers  may  draw  the  fatisfii^ory  inference^ 
that  they  ha?e  ac^uu-ed  about  inAjo  fbouftpui 
fumJ$  from  the  poorer  fubfcribers,  who 
have  become  incapable  of  continuing  their 
paymentsy  and  thus,  inilead  of  deriving 
any  benefit  from  the  fcheme,  have  loft  thi 
litrle  fums  that,  if  they  had  not  been 
drawn  from  them  by  the  hope  of  improve- 
ment, might  have  been  laid  by,  and  af- 
forded them  fome  relief  in  a  time  of  want. 
But  it  is  not  wsf  objeft  at  prefent  to  no- 
tice, particularly,  the  invnoral  tendency 
of  eocbura|ring  hopes  of  gain ,  from  th^ 
diibeires  ofot&rs,  or  to  Ihow  how  deluUve 
and  unprofitable  mod  of  the  Tontine 
Jchemes  appear,  when  examined  unon  the 

O'    '  ks  on  which  they  pretend  to  be 
;  the  latter  was  done,  at  a  time 
wiien  thefe  miichievous  projdEls  were  very 
prevalent,  in  a  manner  that  muft  have  de- 
termined every  one,  who  could  be  con- 
vinced by  dcmonilritlbh,  or  biafled  by  the 
opinion,  of   mlq^owledged  abilities  and 
judgment  on  thr4bbje£l*.     It  is  evident, 
however,  that  the  majority  of  the  fub- 
fcribers to  the  diflferent  TVmtines  muft 
kave  been  ignorant  of  the  very  fmall  pro- 
fits they  could  reafonably  expeft  trom 
efaei^  fchemes,  and,  perhaps,  placed  too 
implicit  a  confidence  in  fpecious  propofals, 
ftnftioned  by  the  names  of  perfohs  of  cha- 
ra^er,  whom  thev  confidotd  better  in- 
formed than  themielves.  Such  fubfcribers 
muft,  by  this  time,  have  been  imdeceived, 
or  very  Ibon  will  be }  and  it  is  to  prove 
to  others  the  neceflity  of  Underftanding  the 
nature  of  any  fpcculation,  that  may  be 
proifofcd  to  them,  before  they  engage  in 
it,  that  the  following  facl  is  ftated ; — The 
wiioJe  amormt  of  ftock  purchaied  with 
the  above  Aim  of  $1,0901.   5s.   8d.    is 
T  18,1981.  8s.  4d.  in  the  three  per  cent 
conibb,  which  is  now  to  be  ibid,  for  the 
purpofe  <i^  making  the  expelled  divifion 
of  accumulated  capital,  intereft,  and  pro- 
fits.    If  ibid  at  the  prefent  price  of  48, 
it  wiH  produce  56,7351.  4s.  rod.  which, 
divided  among  the  prefent  members,  gives 
thfrm  151.  S9S.  7d.  each.     So  that,  aiter 
the  troi|t>le  of  jnaking  quarterly,  or  half- 
yearly  payments,  fior  leven  vears,  the  pof- 
fibiUty  «r  Eating  been  unable  to  continue 
the  lbMrtp^ifm>  the  rifle  of  lofing  what 
ihcf  Iia4  w^  by  the  death  of  the  no^ 
minee,  ana  .the  kfs  of  all  intereft  what- 
ever,  ftbQr  ttnaft  be  conl^nt  to   receive 
aL  ito»  sdw  i^  than  tb^  b9FV€  hHmUj 


fmdi  and  coAfeis  th^  they  ba^re  heSk 
grofsiy  deceived  by  faifc  expectations . 
ft^.8,  1798.  J.J.  G.   . 

T«  the  Editor  rftbc  Monthly  MageuoM^ 

1AM  a  fubfcriber  to  a  charity-fclioot 
the  regiilations  of  \^ch  are  in  many 
re^ie^b judicious  and  liboral  \  but  wheitk 
from  time  immemorial,  the  **  Bibli*"  ani 
<'  Cburcb  CatecbiffH'^  are  the  only  books 
^ich  have  been  ufedj  and  I  find,  upa4 
enquiry,  that  this  remark  will  apply  to 
many  other  fimilar  foundations^  efpcciallf 
fuch  as  have  been  long  eiiabhihed.  Now, 
though  it  may  be  eafy  to  produce  naibiit 
why  thefc  are  not  the  moft  fuitable  fchooU 
books  that  might  be  thought  of,  yet  it  it 
aot  quite  fo  eafv^  for  thofe  'vho  axt  not 
converiant  in  fuch  matters,  to  reconunend 
the  moft  'prcqper  liibftitutes.  If>  them^ 
fore^  any  of  your  intelligent  comerpoafa 
dents,  who  may  have  turned  their  atteai^ 
tion  to  the  fiibje^,  wouM  kave  the  con* 
dcfcenfion to  fuggeftaifowpopularworki 
on  nltgum,  mobility,  natural  ^ind  civil 
hiftory,  &c.  proper  to  be  adopted  iadn^ 
rity-fchools  |  or  to  commnmcate  aar  otte 
pra^^ical  information  relatiine  to  tnc  adp* 
miniftration  of  fuch  inftittttioiis,'tb^ 
would,  probably,  i-ender  an  cfeitial  iiitv 
vice  to  the  public,  and  wipuld-  greatlepr 
oblige  your  conlbwt  reader,  M.  & 

LmcobCs  Jnn\  Feb,  7, 1798. 

To  the  EStor  of  the  Monthjj  Magdhdntm 

SIR, 

ACorrefpondent  of  your's,  in  the  laft 
Magazine^  U  harayenough'toafler^^ 
that  the  late  Mr.  Burke  was  ignorant  eif 
the  Greek  alphabet ;  and  knew  fo  little 
of  Latin,  as  not  to  be  able  to  tranflate  hit 
own  quotations. 

Of  Mr.  Burke's  cladical  attaimnentt, 
I  know  nothing  fi*om  any  othej*  fources  of  • 
information -than  thofe  already  before  the 
public,  and  Mr.  M'CoHMiCK,  in  his  Uft 
of  that  fmgular  man,  is  filent  on  the  fub'- 
je£l  J  but  I  think  the  public  know  enough 
to  render  the  aflertion  of  your  corret 
pondent  very  doubtful;  antl,  as  one  6f 
that  public,  I  will  here  ftate  the  probable 
evidence  in  fevour  of  Mr.  Burke*s  learn- 
ing.*—Mr.  Burke  was  early  devoted  t* 
clailicai  purfuiUy  under  Uw  dirt6^fcn t^  a 
mafter,  who  ha$  not  been  charged  'wltlk 
entire  Ignorance  of  letters.  Mr.  BurlAt 
foent  fome  years  at  eoilege  in  Dublin^  fend 
obtained  honours  in  the  cnUfgtf.  'iTIife 
whole  <iife  of  Mr«  Burk€  was  fpent  iti^ 
tenuy  purfutts^  -Ho^wds  ihe  conftd^ 
companiattofJPr#  J«kifoa>'  a  xam^  «s  ft^ 


ifr.  HmfymileBxtirfialufirfNiirkjicii. 


^fitgaA^aSij  attgdicd  to  ancient  Itamiag 
as  to  jneligjooy  and  in  the  habit  of  repft>ach^ 
ijlg  every  one  (Garrick^  for  inftance)  who 
ua  not  a  CQn&}M«bk,  kuoi* ledge  of  an- 
cient authors  -/hyA.  yet  tM|  literary  cenfer 
always  bcftpwed  upon  Burke  indiforimi- 
mte  and  utibounded  praife^ 

Mr.  Burke  was  the  admired  companion 
of  Mr.  Fox,  whoie  attic  tafte  is  well- 
known* 

Mr.  Burke,  in  his  writiitg»y  often  refers 
to  Grecian  literature  ^  and  Ibmetimes  ap- 
peals^  in  his  late  works,  for  the  jnftice  of 
ids  criticifmf,  to  the  decifion  of  Mr.  Fox« 
The  Latin  ouotations,  in  the  writings 
•ad  fpeeches  oi  Mr.  Burke,  (in  fome  of 
hb  fpeeches,  too,  conceived  and  delivered 
in  hafte)  are  numerous  and  appofite. 
.  I  ^te  theie  fa^ls,  in  refutation  of  the 
k£ertion  of  your  correfpondent;  as  what 
the  public  know,  and  as  probable  evidence 
that  Mr.  Burke  was  Uarmd^  in  the  com- 
mon acceptation  of  that  term. 
>  I  have  an  6bje&  in  view.  I  am  anxious 
to  know  the  tnAh  in  this  particular  con- 
cerning tho  attainments  of  Mr.  Burke: 
and  I  wiih  as  well  to  invite  the  commu* 
likatiottt  of  your  correfpondents  on  this 
ittbjeA,  as  to  imprcfs  upon  the  mind  of 
•pr.LAWRBNCEy  the  neceiTity.of  afford- 
ang  us  taoBi  information  on  this  head,  in 
ius  life  of  his  illuftrious  orator  and  Itatef*- 
jnan. 

Were  it  known  that  Mr.  Burke  was 
Ignorant  of  Latin  and  Greek,  it  is  to  be 
rared,  that  it  would  banifli  Horace^  and 
Homer  from  the  fchools.  We  mufl  know . 
the  faft. 

I  bad  conceived,  and  I  do  conceive^ 
that  it  is  almoft  impoflible  to  form  an  ora- 
tor and  writer,  like  Mr.  Burke,  without 
'giving  him  a  knowledge  of  the  languages 
of  GiTcce  and  Rome.  I  do  not  mean  to 
fay,  that  a  knowledge  of  Latin  and  Greek 
will  make  any  man  a  fine  writer,  or  a 
fpeaker  j  nor  have  I  forgotten  the  dry  re- 
proof that  a  man  of  wit  once  gave  a  pe- 
dant in  mv  prefence : — «*  Sir,  I  have  read 
•all  the  beft  authors  of  Greece  and  JRomc." 
.**  Yes,  Sir,**  was  the  reply.  "  you  can 
boaft  ofattainments  that  Shakefpearc  ne- 
ver knew."  PifRRHO. 
London^Teb,  \%^  1798. 

Ta  the  E^^vroftbeMmthly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

THE  attention  of  medical  men  has 
lately  been  much  dire^ed  to  the 
effefts  of  the  Nitric  Acid,  exhibited  in- 
'ttmally :  and  thoucjh  thofe  effeAs  have 
•  Vm^found  very  different,  by  diflFerent' 
fvntfttttoners,  yet  it  is  evident,  from  the 
ivhole  coIt»ai^  tefTimohy,  that  ^  very 


mlaabk  roediciney  whtcli  ba^  bmr  \u 
thcrto  wholly  negle£led  in  its  uncombia^ 
ft9te,  is  added  to  the  Materim Medka, 
But  as  the  di&greeabk  tafte  which  it 

Epflefles,  and  the  bulky  foem  in  which  it 
as  been  given,  have  railed  objeAions  to 
its  ule,  it  is  a  matter  of  coniequ«nce,  that 
gentlemen,  who  are  engaged  inmakmg 
trialf>  with  it,  ihould  have  early  infoma- 
tion,  that  there  i&  great  probability,  that 
the  Nitric  Acid,  diluted  to  the  degree  at 
which  it  has  been  given -by  the  mouth, 
is,  like  Mercury,  when  applied  to  the  flun, 
abforbed,  and  aiterwaixls  produces  in  the 
fyftem,  the  fame  effeds  that  ariie  from  its 
intenial  uie. 

By  the  laft  fleet  from  the  Eaft  Indies, 
I  received  a  letter  from  Dr.  Scott,. of 
Bombay,  the  gentleman  who  frrft  recoro- 
mendea,  and  himfclf  commenced,  the  in^ 
temal  ofe  of  the  Nitric  Acid.  Inclofcd 
was  a  pamphlet,  containing,  in  addition 
to  the  letters  which  he  had  before  pub- 
liihed,  two  additional  ones,  in  whidi>  be 
communicateii  this,  important  informa- 
tion, not  founded  on  conjdElure  only,  bat 
on  a6lual  expcrunent* 
[  In  one  inveterate  ca&  of  Syphilis,  in 
which  the  relief  fipom  Mercury  nad  been 
imperfect  and  temporary,  Dr.  Scott  ap- 
plied cloths,  wet  with  the  Nitric  Acid  j 
with  thefe  the  legs  of  his  patients  vsen 
furroundcd,  and  the  cloths  were  kept  mciil 
with  additional  water,  for  an  hour  or  two 
daily.  The  relief  received  was  remarka- 
ble :  the  fymptoms,  which  were  of  the 
worfl  kind,  di Appeared  ^  his  flrength  re- 
turned i  and,  at  the  end  of  three  months, 
he  continued  in  good  health,  though, 
during  that  period,  he  ufed  no  other  reme- 
dy than  Nitric  bathing. 

In  other  cafes.  Dr.  ScoTT  caufed  the 
legs,  and  part  of  the  thighs,  to  be  im- 
meried  for  an  horn*,  night  and  morningt 
in  water,  acidulated  with  Niti'ic  Acid,  as 
far  as  the  fkin  could  bear  it  without  un- 
eafinefs.  This  mode  was  attended  with 
eaual  fuccefs.  And,  as  a  iinall  quantity 
ot  acid  is  fufEcxent  to  acidulate  a  large 

J  portion  of  water,  and  as  the  fanoe  acidu- 
ous  water  will  laft  for  a  long  time,  Dr. 
Scott  obferves,  that  a  bath  fo  large  at 
to  cover  the  whole  body  may  be  pic^red 
at  a  fmall  expence. 

From  the  marked  aflion  of  the  Nitric 
Acid,  on  the  refinous  fubfiance  of  the 
bile,  Dr.  ScoTT  thinks  it  probable,  that 
bathin?  in  dUute  Nitric  Acid  may  be  itr- 
viceable  in  the  early  i^ages  of  the  tellow 
fcYcr.  I  am.  Sir,  your  vity  humble  fcr- 
▼aiu,    .  TkoaiAS  Hbhkt. 

Mancbefter,  FA,  aa,  tj%%^ 


ImpfWiffUfit  in  Orthogra^i^I^ifdittL 


h 


SJtt 

YOtJRCorrefpondcnt  V.  O.  V.  Jvol. 
4*  p.  419  0  appc^s  to  ^^ve  xnifun- 
dffftood  mylctter  (p.  195).  My  purpofc 
was  not  to  refute  objeAions  to  a  new  mode 
of  fpelltng,  but  to  difprove  an  opinion  of 
the  Analytical  Reviewers,  which  feemcll 
to  reprcfs  attempts  at  improvement. With 
this  view,  I  endeavoured  to  Ihew  how 
much  fuperior  the  method  propofed  by 
Mr.  Elphinfton,  was  to  that  of  Mr.  Web- 
iier,  in  adapting  orthography  to  pronun- 
ciation. 

In  thh  I  had  nothing  to  do  with  the 
conne£tion  of  orthography  with  etymo- 
iogy.  I  left  Meflrs,  Elphinfton  and  Wcb- 
fter  to  examine  and  xefiite  t!ie  objeAions 
which  have  been  advanced  againft  altera- 
tion, and  contented  myfelf  withcxprefling 
awl/h  that  &ch  improvements  might  be 
adopted,  as  appeared  to  be  neceflaiy. 

Your  Correipondent  thinks  no  change 
at  all  adriieable,  and  offers  fomeargu- 
BJfnts  in  proof  of  his  opinion,  which  he 
fecms  to  confider  unanlwerable.  To  one 
or  two  of  his  obje^ions  I  mean  to  reply. 
The  one  on  Which  he  lays  moft  ftrefs 
II,  thai  an  dtera^m  in  tig  method  of 
fiiiBfig  njoould  deftroy  all  etymolq^. 
'  Etymology,  thoygh  an  amuhng,  is  by 
110  roeaxis  a  neceffary  ihidy,  it  can  only  be 
tifefiil  fo  far  as  it  aiCfts  in  fixing  the 
meaning  of  words ;  now  it  is  apparent 
that  derivative  woitis  bear  frequentlv  fo 
very  different  a  fignification  from  their 
primitives,  that  etyniology  is  full  as  like- 
ly to  millead,  as  to  ailiil,  in  difcovering 
tneir  meaning.  Some  examples,  taken 
from  Mr.  Elphinfton^s  work,  are  fub- 
joined. 

£niH/b  wtrds  derived  fFkkbJiffafia 

from  the  French 

Phyfician    Phyficien  A  natural  pbilofopher. 

Patient        Patient  •  ArufTcrbgnuiefaAor. 

Journey       Journee  A  day. 

Voyage       Voyage  A  journey. 

PUte  Pht  A  diih. 

Lemos         limon  Cttroa. 

Gtron         Citron  Lemon. 

Thefe  are  only  a  few  of  the  many  ex- 
amples that  might  be  given,  to  prove  the 
Tarian^e  of  words  from  their  primitive 
iignificatlon.  In  all  of  which,  a^  learner 
would  tfe  mifled  bytrtifting  to  etymo- 
logy, tiwr^eftfu^Ffon  of  which,  therefor^ 

•  .,i.ii  >h|.'    ."TijW     I  — ^______J 

*  This  v^oMi  k  lilcewiAi  nfed  in  Frencfi  to 

fiflM^  m  pefibit  nb  #hoiifr  %h>  forgeon  is  per- 

•liarmiiig:^Mpati«n,  hat  ni^r-means  wh«t 

tVjMfi  jbf fj^^l^td  patient,  as  attended  Ey 

a  pbyfician  Of  aM(l^|Mr]^rr.  .\/       '  .   * 

MoKT'HLtMAC.  No.  VIII» 


(evMi  if  it  were  tSSdBM  byit)^caim6t^  .  ' 
of  cfmlequence  enough  to  prevent  altera^' 
tion* 

But  it  does  not  appear  that  etymology 
will,  or  can  be'deftroyed  by  a  new  or- 
thography, efpecially  u  in  forming  this^ 
no  new  iettars  dr  figns  are  introduced  t 
for  inftanee,  the  derivation  of  very  many 
tfords  would  be  as  readily  difboverableixt 
Mr.  £lphinfton*s  orthogniphy,  as  in  the 
preient  mode  of  fpelling,  and  many  wotds« 
particularly  thofe  deiii^  irom  the  French, 
would  much  nore  relemble  their  primi* 
tives :  fw  as  the  Fitnch  have  made  very 
coniiderable  improvenaents  in  fpelling,  and 
have  dropt  unneceffary  letters  in  a  great 
number  of  words,  the  adopting  the  fani* 
plan  in  our  language,  would,  in  many 
inftances,  keep  us  to 'a  right  et^^mold^', 
whereas,  at  prcfent,  vra  are  liable  to  mif- 
take  the  originals  of  many  words,  by  fup- 
pofmg  them,  on  account  of  the  fpelling, 
derivatives  from  the  Latin,  though,  in 
fa6l,  they  came  to  us  from  the  French. 

Such  miftaken  derivations  haVc  former- 
ly been  made.  The  earlier  etymologifta 
were  chiefly  acquainted  with  the  Latift; 
language  \  of  French  they  knew  little  or 
nothing ;  no  wonder  then,  that  in  traciiur 
etymologies,  they  overlooked  the  medir 
um,  tlirough  whieh  words  were  derived 
to  us  from  the  Latin,  and  thinking  thia 
laft  the  immediate  original,  they  fiie- 
quently  introduced  unneceffary  letters  in« 
to  wonls,  to  (hew,  as  they  thoaciLt,  mor». 
effe£lually  their  derivations.  This  is  the 
reafon  why  we  have  written,  and  ftill  con<« 
tinue  to  write,  fuch  words  as  feign^Jinfe^ 
fft^,  &c.  with  the  unnecei&ry  g.  Some 
etymologift,  ignorant  of  the  French />i«* 
drsy  fiuverain'y  tec.  derived  thele  wordt 
ivomfingOffuprd  regnum,  Sec.  and  intro* 
duced  the  g  to  preferve  the  etymology. 

In  the  Itajian  language,  in  which  a  re«> 
formed  orthography  nas  been  carried  far- 
ther than  in  any  other,  the  etymology  of 
words  is  eafily  dilcoverable ;  neither  in 
the  French  is  it  more  difficult  to  be  traced 
than  it  was  two  hundred  years  ago, 
though  a  very  confiderable  alteration  ia 
Spelling  has  likewifcf  taken  place  in  that 
language.  In  no  other  European  lant 
guage,  which  I  have  been  able  to  examine, 
has  etymolozy  been  deftroyad.;  though 
in  all,  the  Ipelling  has  been  condderably  ^ 
altered. 

Btif  in  cafe  i  new  fyHem  of  orthogra*-> 
phy  ihould  deprive  us  of  the  means  <of 
tracing  the  derivation  of  wotds,,  ftiii  tba 
okl  books  would  be  ouite  fuScfentto  i>rt- 
'lerve  all  neceffaryinknniation  c<MKMnioy 
ihe  etymology  9!  6ttr  laiiguage*  . 


Ortbi>graphy,.„On  Wafit  Lanit% 


yfhtt  h«s  beea  i4yanc«l  is,  I  hope, 
Aifioient  to  ihew  that  vre  ought  not  to  b^ 
deterred  by  the  bugbear  etymology,  from 
a4optiiig  an  improved  method  of  fpeUing, 
if  that  oin  be  proved  on  othtor  accounts  \ 
arceflary. 

It  would  be  highly  adv««ntaffcous  to 
tllis  coqntiy  that  a  knowledge  of  its  ian- 
ffoage  fliould  be  more  widely  extended.  $ 
biit  the  di£Bculties  of  acquiring  thia 
]^powledge»  are  untverfally  allowed  to  be 
X90re  comiderable  in  the  Englifh  than  in 
jJmoft  any  European  language.  Leflen 
i^B£b  difficulties,  and  the  iTudy  of  it.  will 
bcco«»c  more  general. 
.  Ti^  want,  of  a  proper  ortbogra]>hy9  or 
ttueptdure  of  fpeeco,  is  one  principal, 
difficulty,  and  the  caufe  of  others.  Make 
the  written  lan8;ua£;e  as  exa£(  a  reprelen- 
tationas  pofilb£  of  the  oral,  and  this  diffi- 
culty Taniihes.  To  effect  this,  we  muft 
^ther  alter  our  mode  of  fpellin^,  and  adapt 
It  to  our  prelent  pronunciation:  or  we 
nuil  learn  to  fpeak  as  we  now  write. 

By  the  firft,  the  beft  pronunciation  will 
ht  aUertained,  and,  as  far  as  poffibkric- 
«ared  from  change ;  by  the  fecond,  the 
haxLtv  of  the  languu^e  will  be  dcftroyed, 
aind  iome  of  its  moft  harmonious  founds 
will  be  converted  into  others,  barbarous, 
uncouth,  and  fcarcely  utterable.  This* 
indeed,  is  already,  in  fome  ineafure,  the 
cafe }  many  of  ous  words  being  at  prefent ' 
cenftantly  mifpronounced,  in  coniequence 
•f  having  been fb  long  mifwiitten  $  and  it 
is  to  be  feared,  that  the  pronunciation 
•f  others  will  foon  be  vitiated,  becaufe 
jnen  in  general  think  that  tlte^  are  lefs 
likely  to  be  deceived  by  leammg  from 
books,  than  from  coftveriation. 
.  It  is  ailoniihing,  that  in  the  fpelling  of 
our  own  language,  we  9Xt  refolved  to  be 
without  a  fySem,  though  we  find  the  ne- 
ceffity  of  fyilem  in  every  other  branch,  of 
learning.  We  ufeone  combination  of  let* 
ters  to  ezprefs  a  (bund  in  one  word,  yet 
jwe  have  another  combination  of  letters  to 
exprefs  precifely  the  fame  found  in  ano^ 
ther  word,  for  inftance,  in  /Qrce^  coarfi^ 
fource — rtd^  lead^  &c.  yet  in  other  words 
we  make  the  fame  letters  repre&nt  differ^ 
€nt  founds,  as  in  Jov^f  hve^  provi'--Botb^ 
4btby  MWthf  8cc.  &c.  adhtfimftim.  All  is 
CQO&iioq,  all  is  darkneis  and  difficulty. 

Yet  we  are  told,  we  muft  not  endeavour 
to  regulate  this  confufion,  to  enlighten 
thisdarknefs,  to  overcome  diis  difficulty  I 
Why?  Becaufe  <<  it  *vonild  Mm  att 
Mymohf^j  which  is  canife  enough  in  all 
cenficicnce  ibr  dropping  the  defign  V* 

V,  a.  y^  fays,  «  If  we  are  n6t  agreed 
upon  our.gfiaqjuiclatibai  we  cannot  shtr 


our  mode  of  fpelling»  if  we  aic  :|gnrfy 
there  is  no  need  of  it.*'  Oh  the  cq^trary, 
if  we  are  agreed  upon  our  proounciaiioB, 
we  Ihould  endeavour  to  preferve  that  pro- 
nunciation in  its  prelent  purity ;  it  we 
are  not  agreed,  the  fixing  pronunciation 
by  an  ^itSi  orthography,  would  be  a  very 
dcfirabJe  obje^,  and  would  tend  materi- 
ally to  meliorate  the  language. 

Inftead  of  endeavouring  to  amend  our 
fpelling,  V.  O.  V.  advifes  to  improve  the 
c^raramar,  which  he  acknowledges  is  very 
defe^ive ;  but,  I  fear,  the  time  a^d  ta- 
lents of  grammarians  will  be  employed  to 
little  purpofe  in  improving  that,  till  ^ 
moil  eilential  part,  orthography,  is  fet- 
tled. Grammar  depends  on  thisj  while 
orthography  is  confufed,  granunar  cannoi 
be  clear. 

The  Monthly  Magazi^^  Is  too  much 
occupied  to  allow  many  pages  to  any  ooe 
(iibje^  'y  I  fear  I  have  al^dy  intruded 
too  niuch  on  them,  otherwife  it  would  not 
be  difficult  to  enlar^  on  the  advantages 
that  would  refult  from  the  adoption  of  a 
more  dear  and  judicious  mode  of  fpell- 
inei  whether  th]s  could  be  more  eflfe^lu. 
ally  accompiiihed  l^y  new  combinations 
of  the  letters  we  at  pi^ent  poflefs,  or  bj 
introducing  new  fims  into  the  alphabet* 
it  is  not  my  buiineis  to  determine.  Mr. 
Elphinilon,  in  his  very  elaborate  work, 
has  fhewn  that  much  may  be  effe^ied 
by  the  letters  already  in  ufe,  and  his 
method  has  at  leaft  this  recommenda- 
tion, that  it  is  formed  upon  fyftem.  That 
improvement  may  be  made  in  it  I  am 
willing  to  al  low ;  but  improvement  of  any 
kind,!  defpair  of  feeine,  flnce  fuch^rO" 
ble  reafoDs  as  the  followmg  are  reprefentcd 
as  abfblutely  conclufive  againft  it! 

''  What.neceility  is  there  for  altering 
•ur  fpelling  ^  Do  we  not  fufficiaitly  mi- 
derftand  one  another  for  all  the  purpoiea 
of  coupon  life?"  &c.  &c. 

7a«.  6,  i79g.  S.M. 

Tc  the  Editor  (ftbf  Monihtj  Mi^ame^ 

SIR, 

AS  it  is  one  of  the  principal  obje^  of 
your  v^uable  Mifcellany,  to  com- 
municate to  yotur  readers  agricultural  in* 
formation,  I  imagine  that  the  following 
remarks  upon  ff^i^  Lands  in  Qreat  Bri- 
tain, will  prove  accepuble,  and»  perhaps, 
nrovoke  difcuiSon  upon  this  impoitLat 
lubjea. 

We  havewaftes  in  'England  and  01 
Scotland — Do  they  not  demand  cnkifa- 
tion?  ibtithqrnot  capable  ot  it?«*»Jlo 
nam  cui  he  A  ignonuirAaCQ  'um^m  itee 


Cuk«f*  of  Wafte  Ldndt. 


9». 


it  wodM  not  be  excellent  policy  to  bring 
oQT  waibt  into  cttitivation  j    but   the 
grand  difficulty  is  'in  doing  it.      We 
nnift  examine  dieir  ca^bilitybf  profita- 
ble improvoiient.    It  u  not  a  trifling  evil 
apiflft  which  I  at  prefent  fp^ik.     From 
the  moft  attentive  coniiderationi  and  mea- 
furing  on  maps  pretty  accurate!) »  I  am 
dear  there  are,  at  ]eaft>  400,000  wafte 
acres  in  the  fingle  county  of  Northum- 
bcriand*     In  thoie   of    Wcftmoreiand 
and  Cumberland  there  are  many  mote. 
In  ^  Norfih  and  pirt  of  the  Weft  Rid- 
iflg  of  Yorkihire>  and-  the  contiguous 
parti  of  Lancaflihe,  and  in  the  Weft  of 
DurhaTOy  there  are  ftill  greater  tra^s. 
Vba  may  draw  a  line  firom  the  north 
point  of  l>erby(hiie  to  the  extremity  of 
Northumberland,  of  150  miles,   which 
fliail  entirely  coniift  of  wafte  lands,  with 
very  trifling  e3Ccepiions  of  Imall  culti- 
Fated  inota — The  Eaft  Riding  of  York- 
/hire,  LincoUfhike,  and  Cambridgeftiire, 
have  large  trafts ;  Dcvonfliire,  and  Com- 
tvaJl  immenib  ones.    The  greater  part  of 
Scotland  remains  unimproved,    To  tbeie 
may  be  added,  a  long  catalogue  of  fo- 
re^ty  heaths,  do«iik»  chaces,  and  other 
waftef ,  fcattened  through  the  other  couh- 
ties,  and  even  within  f^ht  of  the  capital: 
forming,   when  combined,  a  monfh-ous 

rroportion  even  of  the  whole  territory, 
know  not  To  melancholy  a  refle^lion  as 
the  idea  of  fuch  wafte  and  uncultivated 
lands  being  ib  common  in  a  kingdom  that 
hourly  complains  of  the  want  of  bread  1 
The  coaiplamta  of  the  poor,  that  they 
cannot  get  biead  to  eat,  are  geneial  and 
ferious.  Our  political  pamprntegrs  dwell 
etemallv  on  the  caules  of  this  fcarcity  ^ 
thev  taik  of  poft-faoHes,  dogs,  commons, 
inclofuree,  laree  farms,  jobbers,  bakers, 
and  ra(cals(  but  ail  to  little  purpofe. 
Their  fchemes  of  imppovement  are  as 
wild  at  the  caufes  to  v)iich  they  attri- 
bute the  evil.  They  overlook  the  plain 
maxim,  that  in  projwrtion  as  you  in- 
creafe  the  produA  of  a  commodity,  in 
proDortion  iHil  the  price  fall.  Bring  the 
wafte  lands  of  the  kingdom  into  culture, 
cover  them  with  turnips,  com,  and  clover, 
in&tjA  <ii  ling,  whins,  and  fern,  and 
plenty  will  immediately  be  diftufed.  If 
you  want  to  make  a  commodity  cheaper, 
furely  the  way  is  to  increaie  the  quantity 
of  thole  that  fell,  or  to  le/Ten  the  money 
of  thofc  that  buy : — the  latter  we  cannot 
do-— but  the  former  is,  or  ought  to  be, 
in  our  power ;  and  we  had  better  make 
nie  of  it  than  rail  inceflantly  qgainft  job- 
bem.and  rcgiBters.  I  have  mentioned 
that  tntre  are  many  millions  of  waft^  aots 


in  this  ifland.  ,  Among  the  ndMeroM 
caules  which  have  been  held  out  for  the 
htffh  prices  of  proviiions,  and  the  depb* 
pulation  of  the  kingdom,  the  tngniffiiig 
of  farm  is  principally  eminent:  our 
pfeudo-politidans  had  much  better  talk 
of  if^^ffttig  eftaiis.  One  evil  is  Imagi- 
nary, the  Other  real.  I  do  not  apprdiaid 
(for  various  reafons,  befides  the  meisr 
effefl  upon  agi-iculture)  that  there  can  be 
too  many  fieehoiders  in  the  kingdom ;  but 
certainly  there  ihay  be  too  lew.  The 
ranks  ot  men  will  not  be  well  diftinguifti'* 
edwhen  there  are  no /i//i^  eftates.  Witik 
relation  to  hulbaudry,  we  lee  at  prefect 
that  the  agriculture  ot  immenle  ^ates  iii 
woric,  upon  the  average,  than  that  U|M 
Ibiall  ones.  The  moors  and  other  tra^ 
of  uncultivated  {ahd  are  fo  little  valued, 
that  they  have  betn  fold  for  lowprices. 
— So  far  fouth  as  Devonflilre,  DorCet- 
fliire,  and  upon  the  fea-coaft,  interfefted 
by  turnpikes,  and  dofe,  to  populout 
towns,  large  trafts  have  been  bought 
freehold  at  a  guinea  an  acre,  and  fomft 
even  at  ten  ihlllings.  Thefe  grounds  are 
purchafed,  not  with  a  view  to  cultivate, 
but  to  incieaie  the  domain  for  hunting- 
country,  for  (hooting  moor-game,  and 
other  Cherokee  fports.  Another  circum- 
ftance  which  occafions  our  waftes  to  bej 
left  in  their  prefent  ftate,  is  the  general 
idea  of  their  incapability  of  cultivation* 
There  cannot  be  a  doubt  but  that  thi 
idea  is  miftaken  and  erroneous  inayenv 
high  degree.— In  fome  future  letter 
fliall  endeavour  to  prove  it  fatisfaftorily^ 

I  am  very  clear,  that  if  the  legiflatuiv^ 
would  purchafe.  all  the  waftes  in  Britaii^ 
that  come  to  market,  aiid  imftiet&ately  r#- 
fell  them  in  parcels  of  twenty  or  thirty 
acres,  the  beneficial  confequences  wduld 
be  aftonifliing. — Would  to  heaven  an  aft 
pafled  obliged  pofl*e(rors  to  fell  wafte  lands, 
if  not  in  culture,  after  a  certain  period. 
But  this  will  not  happen,  and  theiefore  I 
Ihall  bcftow  no  more  words  upon  it.  The 
reafon  that  men  have  ti-catedf  this  fchetne 
as  Impra£licable,  originated  in  the  notioti 
that  the  waftes  were  10  be  farmed  5  but 
nothing  is  more  diftant  from  my  idea* 
To  farm  them  would  be  a  vifionary 
fcheme  Indeed,  but  to ifftprwe l\itUi\% k 
very  different  thing.  In  the  ne«  nnitiber 
of  your  Magazine,  fir,  \  ^VL  partittdaHj 
explain  itty  ideas  upon  tlie  fubjed: 

We  often  hear  the  ftate  of  our  wrides, 
and  of  population,  fpoken  of  with  J^g^et. 
But  why  mould  fuch  converl^tiod,  wmeh 
parries  with  it  an  appearance  of  patfiet- 
ifm,  be  indulgccf,  if  its  meaning  confiftf 
in  the  wr^littgingc?  it  \»  to  be  deeply 

Ha  rcgr«ttoo 


Vslnifs  Stati/IJc4tJ  Queries. 


T^Rttsdy  that  a  more  aAive  condud  has 
not  lon^  ago  produced  fome  effefta  \  but 
unhappily  our  vraftcs  are  ftill  ill  iheir 
defolate  condition.  Upon  cultiiration  de* 
]tcnds  (in  my  opinion^  ia  a  very  high  de* 
gree)  power>  wealth,  and  national  influ- 
cDce—- 1  hope  that  fomething  will  be  ef- 
ft^«d.  Some  degiTCS  of  wildnefs  and 
imprudence  had  &tter  far  be  the  conie- 
<}uenc*,  than  to  continue  for  another  cen- 
tury fleepingy  and  dully  iluggardlzed  ^in 
chat  difiqal  torpor  which  can  never  pro* 
duce  ought  that  is  valuable.  In  a  weal- 
tiiy»  rewied,  and  poliihed  age,  aSk/ity 
fwght  to  be  the  eharaftcriftic  of  the  na- 
tion——Animated  endeavours  are  an  ho- 
»oi|v  to  any  age — Sleep,  therefore,  no 
more  over  your  moors,  your  downs,  and 
iiorefts  {  but  exert  the  fame  fpirit  of  im- 
provement, oh,  ye  great  1  which  every 
other  branch  of  political  ecwiomy  enjoys 
* '  'b  diftingwjhed^,  degree. — This  is  tnc 
rty  wifli  of  a  man,  who  remains,  dear 
Your  iincere  well-wiiher, 

y.  3.0,  1798.  ALlVERPOOMANt 

far  the  Mbnthfy  Magasdne, 

STATISTICAL  PAPEk. 

i  anjtatim  of  Economicat  and  Mtkai 

^ftiotts,  Bjf  the  Citizen  VoLNiv, 

SECT.   I. 

Pfyfieal  State  §fa  Country, 

'.  ,T.  I.   GEOGRAPHICAL   SITUATION. 

2 .  What  is  the  latitude  of  the  counuy  ? 
2 longitude? 

3.  What  are  its  limits  ? 

4.  How  many  fquare  miles  docs  itt 
'   rfacc  contain  ? 

I.  ;T/  II.  CLIMATB,  oribe  state  oftbe 

HEAVENS. 

5.  What  is  the  ftate  of  the  mercury 
^Reaunjur'?  thermometer  during  each 

•• '-»nth  ? 
.5.  — P.— ^ — .-  variatio|i  in  the  fame 
'ay,  at  morning  and  nocn  ? 
|,7«  What  is  the  height  of  the  quiclt- 
^Iver   in    the  barofneter    during    each 
..lohth? 
*  S.  "VVhat  are  thp  grcateft  variations  ? 

9.  What  are  the  prcvsiiling  wifi4s 
^Uiing  each  month ? 

10.  Are  they  general  or  variable  ? 

1 1 .  Arp  there  fixed  period?  for  their 
juration  and  return  > 

12.  Are  there  periodical  land  and  f?a 
,  WM?  i  and  wliat  1^  their  traa } 

13»  In  vhat  difcftion  are  the  winds 
firft  Felt; --on  the  quarter  whence  they 
pome,  or  la  that  to  \vhich  they  blow  •'? 

«  It  has  been  rpmarlced,  that  in  land  winds, 
\Ui   y/«;i  ^  terrt)  the  Wis  yiViih  ar«  flrft 


14.  What  are  the .  ^ualitica  of  eack 
wind  }  are  they  dry  or  rainy  |  warm  or 
cold  \  violent  or  moderate  ? 

xc.  In  what  month  does  moft  rain 

fyi? 

x6.  How  many  inches  iall  in  a  year? 

17.  Are  there  any  fogs  ?  and  at  what 
feafon  ? 

18.  Are  there  any  dews?  where  and 
when,  and  at  what  time  are  they  greatcft  \ 

19.  Do  the  fhowers  fall  gently,  or  are 
they  fevere  ? 

10.  Are  there  any  (hows,  and  how 
long  do  they  endure  ? 

21.  Are  there  any  haiUftorma*  aid 
at  wltat  feafon  ? 

ai.  What  winds  bring  (how  and  hall 
along  with' them  ? 

13.  Is  there  any  thunder  ?  when,  and 
what  wind  reigns  at  that  period  f 

24..  In  what  dire^lion  is  it  ufually 
^iflipated  ? 

%$,  Are  there  any  hurricanes  ?  what 
wi^d  prevails  antecedently  ? 

26.  Any  Earthquakes?  at  what  fea^ 
fonP  what  are  the  preiages?  do  they 
fucceed  rains  ? 

27.  Are  ^here  anj  tides  ?  what  height 
do  they  reach?  what  winds  accompany 
them? 

aS.  Are  there  any /i&rmsn^ffia  peculiar 
to  the  country  ? 

29.  Has  the  climate  experienced  any 
luiown  changes  ?  and  what  ? 

30.  Has  the  fea  rifen  or  fallen  ?  t^ 
what  extent  ?  and  when  ? 

ART.  III.     STATE  rftbe  SOIL. 

31.  Does  the  country  coniiil  of  plains 
or  mountains  ?  and  what  is  their  deva* 
tion  above  the  level  of  the  f<Sa  ? 

32.  Is  the  land  covered  with  trees  smd 
fbrefts,  or  is  it  naked  and  uncloathed  ? 

33.  What  are  the  marihes,  \iks99  smd 
rivers  ? 

34.  Is  it  pQirU}le  to  calculate  the  num* 
ber  of  fquare  leagues  in  mountains, 
marihes,  lakes,  and  rivers? 

35.  Are  there  any  volcanoes  ?  and  arp 
they  burning  or  extmguilhed  ? 

36.  Are  Siere  any  coal*miBes ) 

ART.  IV.    NATURAL   PRODUCTS. 

37.  What  is  the  quality  of  the  foil  ? 
is  It  argillaceous,  calcareous,  fioney, 
fandy,  &c.  ? 

filled  are  thofe  oeareft  the  &ore|  or  in  otbv 
words,  neareft  th^  winds.  It  would  &cm 
then  that  the  fame  law  ought  to  prevail  la 
the  Tea  breeses  {la  bije  df  pur)  but  it  is  othtr* 
)**ifc,  for  the  former  rule  takes  place  fhere 
alfo.  It  wou1(J  te  defirable  to  know,  what 
particular  >vln4<  pro^vice  tiSffe  diiferditef* 
fr€t».  • 

$8,  Wh»| 


Velnefs  StatiJUcttl  ^tries. 


9» 


%%,  WhaEt  tre  the  mmet  and  metals  f 
30.  What  are  the  falts  and  ialt-pitt 

40.  What  is  the  difpoiition  and  incli- 
nition  of  the' diiFcrent  ftrata  found  in 
wells  and  caverns  ? 

4.1.  What  are  the  moft  common  vege- 
tables^ trees^  (hnibs,  plants,  grains,  &c.^ 

4.1,  What  are  the  moft  common  ani- 
ipals,  quadropedsy  birds,  fifhesy  infeHs, 
and  reptiles  ? 

4.3.  Which  of  thele  are  peculiar  to  the 
country? 

44.  What  are  the  weights  and  fixes  of 
theife,  compared  with  ours  ? 

Sect.  II.    PcUtical  State. 

ART.  I.   POPULATION. 

4.5.  What  is  the  phyfical  conftitution 
of  the  inhabitants  ot  the  country  ?  their 
ufual  height  ?  are  they  fat  or  lean  ? 

46.  What  complexion  arc  they  of? 
and  wiiat  is  the  colour  of  their  hair  ? 

47.  What  is  their  food,  and  how 
much  do  they  eat  daily  ? 

48.  What  is  their  beverage  ?  arc  they 
given  to  intoxication? 

49.  What  are  their  occupations  >  are 
they  labourers,  or  vSie-dreUers,  or  (hep- 
herds,  or  feam^n,ordo  they  inhabit  towns  ? 

50  What  are  their  accidental  or  ha- 
bitual maladies  ? 

51.  What  arc  their  charafteriftic  mo- 
ral qualities  ?  are  they  lively  or  dull, 
witty  or  phlegmatic  ?  (ilent  or  garrulous  ? 

52.  What  is  th^  tot^  mafs  of  popula- 
tion? 

53.  What  is  that  of  the  towns,  com- 
pared with  that  of  the  country  ? 

\J4.  Do  the  inhabitants  of  the  country 
live  in  villages,  or  are  they  difpcrfed  in 
feparatc  farms  ? 

55.  What  is  the  ftate  of  the  roads  in 
fuiiuner  and  winter  ? 

AUT.  II.    AGRICV^TURE. 

N.  B.  The  methods  of  agriculture 
being  different,  according  to  the  differ- 
ent diifa-i^ls,  the  beft  way  of  becoming 
acquainted  with  this  fubjeA,  is  to  ana- 
lyze two  or  three  villages  of  different 
kinds;  for  example,  a  village  in  a  plain, 
another  on  a  mountain;  one  where  the 
vin^is  cultivated,  and  another  where, 
farming  alone  is  pra^lifed.  In  each  of 
thefe  village  a  fannf)u>uldbe  completely 
analyzed. 

56.  In  any  giyen  village,  what  may 
he  the  amount  of  the  inhabitants*,  men, 
women,  old  men,  and  children  ? 

57.  '^y bat.  are  their  refpedlive  occupa- 
tfo%? 

58.  What  quantity  0/  laa4  W  CuUi' 
filled  by  the  village? 


59.  What  are  th^ir  meafuns  of  iengdr 
and  capacity,  compared  with  ours  ? 

60^.  What  is  the  price  of  neceflaries^ 
compared  with  that  of  labour? 

6x.  Are  they  labourers,  proprietors, er 
farmers  ?  do  they  pay  in  money  or  Idxid  f. 

6x,  llow  long  do  their  leafes  run,  and 
^ijxat  are  the  principal  claufcs  in  them? 

63.  How  many  iarms  are  there,  de« 
pendent  on  each  village  i 

64.  What  is  the  pxvportion  between 
the  good  and  bad  land  i 

65.  Which  are  the  befl  cultivated, 
large  or  (hiali  farms  ?     ■ 

66.  Do  the  farms  conM  of  home  or 
outlying  grounds  ? 

67.  Are  the  fields  encloicd?.  and  in 
what  manner  ? 

68.  Are  there  any  commons?  and 
what  do  thev  produce  ? 

69.  Is  tnere  any  right  of  pafls^ 
through  private  property  ? 

Having  determined  refpe^ling  the  de* 
tails  of  a  farm,  you  are  to  enquire, 

70.  The  number  of-  labourers,  the 
mode  in  which  they  are  lodged,  the  quan- 
tity of  land  and  animals  ? 

71.  What  is  the  rotation  of  crops? 

72.  How  many  years  in  fucceilion  are 
the  lands  cultivated,  and  what  fallovr 
are  they  allowed  ? 

73.  What  g^ins  are  fown  yearly? 
and  what  quantity  is  allowed  to  an  acre  ? 

74.  What  are  the  periods  for  ibwing 
and  reaping  ? 

75.  What  is  the  difference  between 
the  pixxiuce  and  the  expences  of  every 
year? 

76.  What  is  the  quantity  of  land  iji 
natural  and  artificial  graffes  ? 

77.  What  (quantity  of  land  is  requl. 
fite  for  the  feedmg  a  cow,  ox,  mule,  horfe, 
fiieep,  &c.?  How  much  does  each  co  - 
fume  in  a  day  ? 

78.  What  are  the  animals  ufed  m. 
agriculture  ?  how  are  they  hamcfled  ?  ' 

79.  What  are  the  inilruments  of  til- 
lage? 

80.  What  is  the  rent  of  the  farm, 
compared  with  its  eftimated  produce  ? 

8x.  What  is  the  interefl  of  money  ? 

8a.  How  are  the  faufbandmen  fed  ?  the 
amount  per  annum?  and  the  value  of 
the  ftock  ? 

83.  What  is  the  weight  of  a  fleece,  and 
of  the  meat  under  it  ? 

84.  What  profit  is  fuppofed  to.  accrue 
from  a  fheep  ?  and  alfo  n'om  an  ewe  > 

85.  What  kind  of  manure  is  ufed  ? 

86.  How  does  the  family  employ  itfelf 
in  the  evenings  ?  and  what  fpecies  of  in- 
duftry  dQC9  it  pra^Ife  ? 

87.  Whal 


9t 


Vokey*s  SUniftical  ^triis. 


<7.  What  h  the  difitrence  obfervable 
between  the  manncn  and  the  improve- 
ment of  a  village  where  vines  ^are  culti- 
vated, and  one  that  produces  com  f  be- 
twcn  a  mountain  village,  and  one  ieated 
in  a  plaun  f 

88.  In  what  numer  is  the  vine  culti- 
vated? ». 

89.  What  are  the  diiivrent  kinds  of 
wines  ?  how  are  they  kept }  what  the 
foality  \  the  fpecies  of  grape  ?  the  nro- 
ciuce  of  an  acre }  the  price  of  any  givm 
quantity? 

90.  What  are  the  ti«cs  cultivated? 
dives,  mnlbenies,  elms,  cheihut,  &c.  ? 
What  are  the  particular  modes  of  rear-* 
Vsm  thcmf  What  is  the  average  produce 
of  each  ?  and  of  an  acre  ? 

91.  What  ore  the  other  produ£b  of 
the  country,  either  in  cotton,  tndigoy 
toi{^,  fuear,  tobacco,  5rc.  and  the  me- 
thods ufed  in  cultivating  them  ?    ' 

91.  What  new  and  ulefiil  article  can 
be  introduced  ? 

ART.  III.   INDUSTRY. 

93.  What  are  the  arts  moft  praflifed 
in  the  country  ? 

94.  Which  of  thefe  are  the  moft  lu- 
Crative  ? 

95.  What  is  remarkable  in  each,  on 
the  fcore  either  of  economy  or  effe^^  ? 

96.  What  arts  and  manufactures  are 
wo^  cultivated  ? 

97.  Can  any  others  be '  introduced  ? 
and  which  ? 

98.  Are  there  any  mines?  of  what 
kind?  how  are  they  worked,  efpecially 
thole  of  iron  ? 

ART.  ly.   COMMERCE. 

99.  What  are  the  articles  imported 
Wid  exported  ? 

tt>o.  What  rs  the  balance  x)f  trade  ? 

1 01.  What  kind  of  carriages  are  ufed 
for  the  tranfit  of  goods?  are  there  any 
waggons  ?  of  what  kind  are  they  ?  how 
much  do  they  carry  ? 

I  OS.  What  weight  can  a  horie,  mule, 
ftfs,  or  camel  cany? 

103.  What  is  tne  rate  of  carriage? 

104..  Of  what  kind  is  the  internal  and 
external  navigation  ? 

105.  What  are  the  navigable  rivers? 
are  there  any  canals  ?  can  any  be  cut  ? 

.106.  What  is  the  ftatc  of  the  coaft  in 
general  ?  is  it  high  or  low  ?  does  the  Tea 
encroach  on,  or  leave  it  ? 

107.  What  are  the  ports,  havens,  and 
bays? 

108.  Is  the  exportation  of  grain  per- 
mitted or  denied  ? 

X09.  What  is  the  intercft  of  BIpney 
among  commercial  men  ? 


AkT.  ▼.    GOVERMMBMT  AMD  ADJfl* 
HISTRATION. 

1 10.  What  is  the  form  of  the  govern* 
ndent? 

111.  What  ts  the  diftributibn  of  pow^ 
ers,  adminiftrative,  civil,  and  judichtl  ? 

III.  What  are  the  impofts? 

113.  How  are  they  laid  on,  cfieflfedy 
aOid  received  t 

1 14.  What  ic  the  expettte  of  the  re- 
ceipt ? 

115.  What  is  Ae  proportion  between 
the  taxes  and  the  revenue  of  the  contri- 
butors ? 

116.  What  is  the  amount  of  the  tm- 
pofts  of  a  village,  hi  comparifbniririth  its 
revenue  ? 

.  117.  Is  there  a  clear  and  precipe  code 
of  civil  laws,  or  only  of  cuftoms  and 
ufages  ? 

I  r8.  Are  there  many  lavirluits  ? 

X19.  What  is  the  principal  caufe  of 
contention  in  the  towns  and  country? 

1 20.  How  is  the  right  of  property  ve- 
rified ?  are  the  title-deeds  in  the  verna- 
ctilar  toneue,  and  are  they  eaiily  read  ? 

1 21.  Are  there  nomy  lawyers  ? 

122.  Do  the  fuiyn  plead  in  peribn  ? 

123.  By  whom  are  the  judges  nomi- 
nated and  paid  ?  are  they  appointed  for 
life? 

124.  What  is  the  order  obferved  in 
refpeft  to  fucceflions  and  inheritances  ? 

125.  Is  the  claim  of  primogeniture  al- 
lowed? are  there  any  iubftitutions  and 
teftaments  ? 

126.  Do  the  children  all  inherit  alike 
any  kind  of  property  whatever  ?  what 
is  the  refult  in  the  country  ? 

127.  Is  there  any  property  in  tmrt- 
main ;  anv  legacies  left  to  the  church  ', 
any  founaations  ? 

128.  What  authority 'do  the  parents 
exercife  owr  tfieir  children?  and  huf- 
bands  over  tifcif  wives  ?  • 

129.  Ajx  the  women  very  luxurious? 
In  what  does  their  luxury  coniift  ? 

130.  What  is  the  education  beftowcd 
on  the  children  ?  what  books  do  they 
learn? 

131.  Are  there  any  printing-offices, 
newfpapers,  libraries  ? 

1 32.  Do  the  citizens  aflcmbk  for  coo- 
verlation  and  i-eading  i 

133.  Is  there  a  great  eirculation  of 
perfons  and  commodities  in  the  country? 

1 34.  Are  thera  any  poft-houfes  and 
poft-horfes? 

135.  What,  in  fliort,  are  the  eftabllft- 
ments,  nomatterof  what  kind,  peculiar 
to  the  country,  which  merit  oblcrvaticfe 
•n  account  of  thtir  utility  ? 


charge  ofPl^iarlfm  agMj/f  Mr.  Leftie  Confideud.  f  J 


r«  the  Edttm^  rf  thi  MeHtijf  Mt^axhii. 
SIR,  B — djiStb  Jan.  17^%, 

HAVING  confidered  thcartlefs  charge 
of  plagiarifni)  by  Mr.  W.  A.  of 
Newcaftte,  againft  Mr.  John  Leslie, 
aid  the  attempt  of  defence  of  Mr .  L  E  s  l  i  b 
by  the  ingenious  Mr.  John  Platfair, 
Profeflbr  of  Mathematics  in  the  College 
of  Edinburgh,  I  muft  be  of  opinion,  that 
the  charge  has  not  been  removed  br  Mr. 
Play  p  AIR :  and,  I  believe,  few  of  your 
rtaders  will  entertain  a  different  opinion 
00  the  fttbjeft,  thougrh  it  (hould  turn  out, 
perhaps,  that  the  j^agiarifm  originated 
Bot  from  the  celebrated  M.  EuLER,  but 
Inwi  Mr.  ViLANT,  Profeflbr  of  Mathe- 
matics in  the  Univerfity  of  St.  Andrews'. 
And  Mr.  Leslie's  fame  would  not  fure- 
)j  have  fuifered  offjr  diminution,  by  a 
candid  and.honeft  acknowledgement  of 
the  fource  of  his  fifil  lights  on  the  fubjeft. 

According  to  information,  at  diiRrent 
tines,  from  ftudents  at  the  College'  of 
Edinburgh)  Mr.  Playfair  recommend- 
ed always  Mr.  ViL ant's  Analyfis  to  his 
ihidents,  when  on  algebra.  Mr.  P L a  r ^ 
PAIR,  therefore,  cannot  be  fuppofed  to 
be  unacqoainted  wicfarthe  1 9th  propofitaon 
and  corollaries  o^tke  Analyfis,  where 
thev^mediod  fcizedonbyMr.LBSLiE, 
h  given  and  applied  to  many  examples  of 
indetenninate  equations,  and  of  commen- 
furate  afipftcd  equations  of  diiierent  de- 
grees, &c.  Mr.  Platfair  may  not, 
perhaps,  know  that  the  refolution  of  in- 
determinate and  aie£led  equations,  &c. 
tccordinfi;  to  this  proportion  and  corolla- 
ries, had  always  teen  given  very  fully 
firom  the  year^  176 5*  in  the  fecond  ma- 
thematical clafs,^/.  Andrews ;  as  I  learn- 
ed ^m  notes  I  took  in  this  clafs  in  the 
year  1779,  when  I  attended  the  fame, 
along  with  Mr.  John  Leslie,  whofe 
attention  I  called  in  a  particular  manner 
to  indeterminate  equationv,  when  the  fame 
WIS  entered  upon:  and  whkh  notes  I  co- 
pied firom  a  memorandum  book  in  Mr. 
Vila  NT's  writing,  containing  rules  and 
examples  for  all  equations,  approxima- 
tions, logarithms,  &c.  and  dated  at  the 
beginniog  with  the  year  1765. 

If,  therefore,  Mr.  Leslie  had  pre- 
tended only  to  fome  little  attempt  at  im- 
provement in  point  of  form,  he  would  not 
have  cxpofed  himlelffo  plainly  to  a  charge 
of  plagiarifm :  and  if  Kfr.  Playfair's 
memory  had  not  failed  hiq<  fo  completely, 
and  if  he  had  not  been  impofcd  on  by  his 
more  artftil  newly  acquired  dlfcip]^  com- 
mon candour  would  not  have  allowed  him 
t«  commit  himfeiffofar«  as  to  fptak  of 


Mr.  LusiiB  at «« inventor.  WhatMr«. 
Playfair  has  ftated  about  putting  M. 
Euler's  Algebra  at  firft  into  Mr.  Lbs« 
lie's  hands,  requires  Ibme  expliuuition* 
Upon  Mr.  Leslie's  leaving  St.  An- 
dfew's,  in  1781  or  17S3,  he  carried  with 
him  fbme  examples  of  indetenninate 
equations,  &c.  as  there  refblved,  and 
4Mwed  the  fame  to  Mr.  Playfair  $  and* 
it  was  then,  and  then  only,  that  Mr. 
Playfair  firft  put  into  his  hands  thft 
algebra  of  the  celebrated  £ulbr,  and 
the  &c^  copy,  probably,  of  that  workim* 
portM  into  Scotland  j  a  point  of  ttmo 
this,  long  prior  to  that  of  drawine  op  the 
paper  in  the  <<  ESnlmrgb  PMkfofikal 
Tnmfa^ionsi"  (b  juftly  animadverted  OB 
by  your  correfpoiident  Mr.  W.  A.  of 
^fewcafUe. 

And  though  the  method  in  the  Analy* 
fis  be  general  for  every  fpecies  of  indeter« 
minate  equations,  &c.  and  for  all  equ»>. 
tions  that  may  by  fubftitutions  be  brought 
or  reduced  to  the  form  prefcribed }  as  no 
examples  of  indetenninate  equations  in* 
TolvLDg  rational  fquares,  cubes,  &c.  ara 
there  given,  this  imall  treatife  being  but 
an  abridgement  ofpart  of  a  comprdiea* 
five  Syftem  of  the  Elements  of  Mathraift- 
tical  Analyfis,  fome  merit,  it  psay  he 
(aid,  is  due  to  Mr.  Leslie,  for  giving 
examples  of  thofe  indetenninate  eoua* 
tions i  and  this  would begrantedy as  herq 
ftated,  if  the  celebrated  Eulbr,  bv  pre- 
occuping  the  ground,  had  not,  aa  already 
mentioned,  cut  off  Mr.  Lbslib  ftm^ 
every  pretence  to  originality,  evenln  thiti^ 
of  adding  to  the  examples. 

But  too  much,  perhaps,  has  been  fiiid 
on  a  fubjed,  fo  esuy  >nd  obvious  in  ita 
principles  and  application,  as  ^an  attack 
but  little  merit  to  the  difcuflion  thereof 
And  if  Mr.  Playfair  had  not  been  nr* 
duced  to  come  forward  rather  incautioufiy« 
and  with  more  appearance  of  oftentation» 
&c.  than,  is  naturaj  to  his  chara^er  and 
difpofitionss  and,  if  gratitude  to  anohl 
mafier^  who,  with  too  much  art  and  too 
little  candour,  has  been  kept  entirely  out 
of  view  by  Mr.  Leslib,  had  notrouied 
my  feeling,  &c.  vour  correfpondent  Mr*  ' 
W.  A.  ot  Newcanle,  as  fully  able,  would 
have  been  left  to  fubftantiate  his  charge 
completely  on  the  part  of  Mr.  EUL BB^f 
without  any  interference,  from. 
Sir, 
Your  very  humble  fervant, 

BENONI; 

P.  S.  It  ikouid  be  obferved,  that  at  St. 

Andrew's,  indeterminate  equations  weK 

ttftflvod  two  ways.    (1)  By  converting 

-  dto 


96 


Jtutiata  nlaiivi  U  Spaltu 


tbe  equations  into  analogies,  (i.)  By  ex- 
prefline  both  fides  as  fraJlionsy  as  in  the 
AnalySs :  and  that,  as  eafy  and  plain  ex- 
amples were  givto^  fo,  for  complex  cafes, 
Sarticufau:  reierence  was  made  to  De 
loiVre  and  Dodfon,  and  perhaps  to  other 
authors.  It  ihould  alfo  have  been  ftated, 
when  Mr.  Leslie  announced  to  Mr. 
Playpair  the  difcovery  of  his  methe4 
of  rcfolving  indeterminate  equations,  that 
reference  was  immediately  made  by  a 
gentleman  preient,  to  the  Anal3riis,  X9th 
propoiition;  True,  that*s  true,  fays  Mr. 
Playpair,  recollecting  himfelf;  but 
Mr  Leslib  rejoining,  &  nerer  faw  tht 
bookt  nothing  more  was  then  faid  on 
tbe  Analyfis.  B. 

^9  the  MUr  of  the  Monthly  Mi^axitu. 

SIR, 

UNDERSTANDING  from  your  no- 
tice  in  laft  Month's  Magazine,  that 
it  i&your  intention  to  prefent  your  readers 
with  periodical  accounts  of  the  State  of 
Literature,  &c.  in  Spain  \  and  conceiving 
that  any  communication  relative  to  the 
manners  of  that  countxj,  cannot  ^il  of 
nrovine  intereftine  and  accepuble,  I  am 
induced  to  tranfmit  you  the  following  ex- 
trafts  from  «*  Langle*s  Travels  in  Spain* t** 
of  which  a  fifth  edition,  has  very  lately 
appeared  in  Paris,  in  270  pages  oClavo, 
cmbeliiihed  with  feveral  engravings,  Sec, 

Speaking  of  the  profound  homage  and 
generation  which  the  Spaniards  are  accuf- 
tomed  to  pay  to  the  Virgin  Mary,  the  in- 
genious author  obfervcs : 

•*  Not  a  fingle  ftrcct  or  houfe  is  to  be 
found  in  all  Madrid,  which  is  not  deco- 
rated with  a  portrait  or  buil  of  the  BlefTcd 
Virgin.  Insredible  is  the  annual  con- 
fumption  of  flowers  made  ufe  of  in  Spain 
for  crowning  the  Virgin's  image;  incre- 
dible tlic  number  of  iSnds  which  are  con- 
ftantly  employed  from  morning  till  night 
in  drefling  her  *caps,  turning  her  petti- 
coats, and  embroidering  her  niBles.  Every 
Spaniard  regards  the  Virgin  in  the  light 
ct  his  friend,  his  confidante,  his  miftrefs, 
whofe  whole  attention  is  dire6led  to  him- 
fclf,  and  who  is  perpetually  watching 
over  his  happinefs.  Hence  the  name  of 
Mary  hangs  inccfTantly  upon  his  lips, 
mixes  in  all  his  compliments,  and  forms 
a  part  of  ail  his  wifiies.  Iii  fpeaking,  in 
writing,  his  appeal  is  always  to  the  Vir- 
gin; who  is  the  guarantee  of  all  his  pro- 

*The  firft  edition  of  this  work,  pnbHlhed 
in  1785,  was,  in  purfuuice  of  a  parUamentai'y 
decree,  publickly  burnt  ia  Parts  by  tfn^  hai^ds 
•f  the  common  bai)|maji. 


mifes;  thewitners<ifa£lhSc  trtaiaftiooD 
It  is  in  the  name  of  theholy  Bldled  Vir^, 
that  the  ladies  intrigue  with  their  gal< 
lants,  write  billets-doux,  fend  their  por- 
traits, and  appoint  noflumal  afiignatlons. 

The  Spanifli  wool  is  univerially  ac- 
knowledged to  be  incomparably  fuperior 
to  any  in  Europe.  But  this  wool  is  not 
of  equal  quajity  in  every  province  of  tbe 
kingdom;  i here  are  various  forts,  which 
are  diftinguiihed  by  the  names  of  the  dif. 
ferent  manufaflories.  The  firft  in  rej^te 
is  that  known  by  tbe  denomination  oi  the 
Segoaties Leonifis  $  to  this  clafs  belongs  the' 
wool  which  bears  the  name  of  tJj^antada 
detAfturiti  that  of  the  Trw  Comoentsde 
tE/curialt  of  Don  Bernan&n  Sanchez,  and 
of  Don  Jofeph  de  Fittoria,  On  an  average, 
the  Spaniards  vend  annually  about  4000 
arohej  of  wool,  each  arohe  weighing  25 
pounds. 

Next  to  thcLeonefe,  the  Segovian,  ftands 
in  higheft  repute.  This  is  not  quite  To 
fine  as  the  former,  and  bears  a  yaiicty  of 
names,  according  to  the  diftrifts  and  raa- 
nufa6(ories  where  it  is  prepared.  The  fineft 
of  this  fort  is  called  us  Cavelkres*  The 
provinces  which  produce  the  beft  and  fu- 
perior fort  of  wool  are».Arragon  and  Va- 
lencia, Upper  and  Lower  Anoalufia,  Caf- 
tile  and  Navarre.  It  is  a  common  preju- 
dice, that  the  finenefs  and  incomparable 
whitenefs  of  the  Spaniih  wool  are  the  re- 
fiilt  of  the  climate ;  but  this  is  an  abfb- 
lute  error  $  the  true  cauftortheperfe^ion 
of  the  Spaniih  wool  is  to  be  found  in  tbe 
manner  in  which  the  Spaniards  rear  their 
fiieep.  The  other  nations  of  Europe  have 
cultivated  all  the  arts  and  fciences  with 
fuccefs,  except  the  art  of  rearing  fbeep — 
the  Spaniaids,  on  the  contrary,  have  nrg- 
levied  almoll  every  braiich  or  fcience  ex- 
cept this  art.  In  Spain  are  ftill  to  be 
found  veftiges  of  that  fimple,  pailoral 
life,  which,  io  the  earlier  ages  of  the 
world,  was  deemed  fo  honourable,  and 
which  rendered  thofe  who  devoted  thera- 
felves  to  the  rearing  of  flieep,  fo  fuperla- 
tively  happy. 

Tne  Spaniards  pay  little  or  no  regard 
to  the  wife  precept  of  Mofes,  to  retrain 
from  burying  their  dead  for  the  fpace  of 
tht^e  days.  In  Madrid,  Valladoiid,  Sa- 
lamanca, and,  indeed,  in  almoft  cveiy 
part  of  Spain,  it  is  dangerous  to  indulge 
too  much  a  natural  propenfity  to  W 
fleep ;  a  perfon,  who  overileeps  his  cii^ 
tomary  hour,  incurs  the  rifque  of  beln^_ 
interred  alive.  Among  other  inftanccs  or 
culpable  precipitation  m  this  refpe£l,  in- 
deed it  juily  deferves  the  name  of  honu- 
^ide,  £«  fate  of  a  young,  amiable,  and, 
UBcomiBOfiiT 


4neciotn  ofSpainl 


t? 


imonly  dutiful  lady,   who  had 
naiTted  a  Smfs  officer  in  the  Spaxilih  fer- 
tiUi  and  was,  moft  unfortunately,  a  vic- 
tim to  this  fyftem  of  precipitation,  being 
baried  alive,  and  left  to  periJh  in  her  cof- 
fsa,  (leferves  to  be  particularly  noticed. 
The  corpfe  was  afterwards,  at  the  defire 
tf  her  friends,  conveyed  to  her  native 
country,  and  interred  in  a  town  in  the 
canton  of  Berne.   All  travellers  who  pafs 
Bflu*  the  place  make  a  point  of  viilting 
her  tomb ;  and  numbers'  go  confiderably 
out  of  their  way  for  this  cxprefs  purpofe; 
J,  among  others,  have  contemplated  it 
witb  peculiar  admiration  and  fatisfaflion. 
The  monument,  which  appears  to  open, 
jcprefents  Madame  Langhans,  who  died 
jn^hild  be^  after  being  delivered  of  a 
dead  infant,    in  the  a£l  of  raifm^  the 
broken  tomb,  dilencumbering  hcrieit  frqiri 
her  grave  clothes,  and  whilft  fhc  fondly 
prefles  her  reanimated  child  to  her  paren- 
tal bofom,  ibaring  from  her.  late  prifon 
to  the  glorious  manilons  of  eternal  blifs. 

All  this^  and  more  than  this,  is  de- 
pi£lured  in  this  beautiful  maufoleum. 
The  figures  feem  to  move,  to  breathe ; 
every  geflurc  is  faithfully  portrayed, 
every  motion  ftrongly^aracleriaed.  The 
em-aptured  look  of*^  ailomfhment  with 
which  the  rifen  I'aint  eyes  the  near  prof- 
ped  of  opening  heaven,  is  marked  with 
a  ftrtngth  of  exprefllon,  which  nothing 
but  the  in4>iratioB  of  native  genius  could 
di£late.  It  is  a  genuine  emblem  of  the 
rcfurreftionj^  or  rather,  it  is  the  refurrec- 
tion  itfelf  pedbniiied. 

This  origuul  and  fpirlted  effuiion  of 
elevated  eenius^  this  lively  conception, ' 
this  ode  jn  marble^  if  I  may  be  allowed 
the  expreiCoD,  is  the  produAion  of  a 
youne  Swedifh  artlft,  who,  after  having 
traveUed  all  Europe,  and,  in  the  courfc  of 
his  pepegrinationjs,  animated,  as  it  were, 
with  his  chizzel,  ftone  and  tronie,  in  va- 
rious fhapes,  was  left  at  laft  to  perifh  ia 
a  London  prifon,  where  he  was  confined 
for  debt- 

The  abufes  of  luxury  appear  in  all  their 
native  abfurdity,  in  the  funeral  pomp  and 
parade  ^Rrhich  chara^erizes the  Spaniards. 
Upwards  of  a  hundred  carriages,  five  or 
^X  hnodred  pr lefts  and  monks,  with  at 
leoil  2000  flambeaus,  form  the  ordinaiy 
appendage  of  a  common  funeral. 

^y  virtue  of  a  late  edi£l,  which  a  due 
regard  to  the  health  of  the  living  cer 
iiinly  renders  neccffary,  it  is  enacted, 
that  no  burials  (hall  be  permitted  within 
the  gates  of  Madrid.  In  open  defiance, 
howrvcr,  of  this  fehjtary  law,  the  clergy 
continue  to  bury  in  the  churches,  in  thic 
MdNTJBtr  Mac.  No,  XXVI. 


view  of  doubling  and  tripling  thebeque(^« 
they  are  in  the  habit  of  receiving  on  thefii 
occafions,  or  to  pay  their  court  to  th* 
relatives  of  the  deceafed.  For  this  pur- 
pofc,  grave-diggers  are  engaged  to  dif- 
inier  the  corpfi:  during  the  night,  and 
convey  it  into  the  church-  This  evafion  • 
of  the  law  is  tolerated  in  a  country,  wher* 
the  clergy  may  be  iaid  to  have  ufurpecb 
all  power  and  rule  into  their  own  hands*  . 

The  ancient  cuftom  of  burning  the  bo<*> 
dies  of  the  deceafed  is  long  iince  totalljr 
abrogated.  Theiie  are  many  perfons  wh» . 
regret  this  circumftance,  and  to  their 
number  I  mufl  honeftly  avow  myfelf  to  . 
belong.    Death,  in  itfelf,  has  little  or  no  . 
terrors.    It  is  the  concomitant  ideas  of  , 
futrefoBkn^  a  ctfiin^  iMfrms,  &c-  which 
difinay.  Thefe  are  the  magic  fpells  whicb 
appal  the  heart ;   all  thefe  would  be  ef- 
fectually done  away,  by  readoptlng  tht 
praflice  of  cxvmation.    Add  to  tliis,  th* 
unfpeakable  confolation  it  mufl  afford  to    . 
the  furvivors,  to  preferve,  not  only  the 
remembrance,  but  tbe  relies  of  their  de- 
parted relatives  and  friends  5  to  be  in  pof- 
ieffion  of  their  facred  aihes;   to  have 
their  remaina  continually  before  their 
eyes- 

Gladly  would  I  give  a  hundred  Louit 
d^ors,  with  my  ring  and  watch,  to  boqt» 
inexdiange  for  a  box  filled  with  the  alhea 
of  my  deceafed  mother-  Her  piflure, 
however  ftriking,  however  animated  th« 
refhnblancc,  is  but  her/i^r^^  it  is  not  . 
herjdfy  it  ia  not  the  fmalleft  particle  of 
ber\  it  i€  an  a(&mblage  of  colours^  a 
proportion  of  oil  and  canvas.  ^ 

In  Spain,  the  domeftics  wait  at  tabig 
in  their  jackets,  and  with  their  hair  in 
papers.  They  are  (b  filthy,  that  one  bag 
not  the  ftomacn  to  call  for  drink  at  their 
hands  $  fo  horribly  hideous,,  that  thejr 
ftrlke  terror  into  the  beholders,  and  io 
deformed  and  dinted  in  their  growth,  that 
one  might  be  tempted  to  conclude  natur» 
had  only  half  finifhed  her  work  in  their 
formation- 

A  long  retinue  of  valets  ccmftitutet 
the  higheft  luxury  and  ambition  of  a  ' 
Spaniard.  But  no  mafters  under  heaven 
are  fo  badly  ferved  by  their  domefticf, 
who  are  conftitutionally  aukward,  anJ   . 
flow  to  a  proverb  in  their  motions.  They 
are  fure  to  break  whatever  they  lay  thefr 
hands  upon  \   they  have  not  the  fmalleft 
idea  of  dr'eiling  nair  $  and  will  fcarccly 
make  a  bed  in  a  couple  of  hours.    Even 
then,  the  job  is  fo  wretchedly  performed^ 
that  it  is  neceifary  to  make  it  over  again. 
If  you  fend  them  with  a  letter,  or  a  TQe^-^  ^ 
^2£c,  you  muft  neyer  hope  to  ^  them " 


Dfflmu  9fR.  Mi  6k 


Wfahi^,  witlioitt  fbmSns  odwr  neflengers 
in  queffc  of  them  i  and  at  to  an  anTwcr^ 
tbe]r  kave^ither  never  foUcitcd  one,  have 

*  forgotten  to  wait  for  it,  or  have  dropt  it 
fkn  the  road. 

Every  ^fgn  is  indtfertminately  buried 
in  a  religioift  habit.  The  men  areequip- 
^  in  the  uniforul  of  Camichina;  the 
^pvomen  are  dreiTed  like  Pngrimty  and. 
joung  girls  like  nnns  of  the  order  of 
Santrj  GriJkSf  Exdufive  of  th^  habit,  the 
defiinft  is  loaded  with  a  prepofterous 
fieight  of  rofariesy  Agtms  Deu,  bead^^ 
*^c.  See,  which  are  fattened  to  the  neck, 
the  ann<»  the  feet,  8cc,  and  with  which 
the  capy  the  (leeves,  and  pockets  of  the 
deceaied  are  completeW  mmfed. 

Without  thefe  precious  relics*  a  Spa- 
HUrd  would  never  be  able  to  die  in  peace. 
Sut  to  obtain  this  defirable  objef^,  relics 
ftlone  are  not  fufficient.  More  efficacious 
meant  muft  be  emploved  $  proper  lega- 
cies and  bequefts  muu  be  devifec^to  the 
fhurchy  andfof  pious  pui-pofes,  Hence 
the  moment  the  life  of  a  rich  Spaniard  is 
pronoimced  tp  be  indan^r,  two  or  thi-ee 
mtalions  of  monks  quit  their  cells,  and 
march  immediately  to  keep  gUard  round 
his  bed*  Nothing  now  is  to  be  heard} 
f>uttbe  ternble  founds  of  bellf  /ire.  Mm- 
fione^  itentdl  torment/,  fttrfottfry,  &c.  &c, 
whilii  the  wretched  patifnt,  to  efcape 
lirom  the  flames  which  tlueaten  to  devour 
fiim,  and  to  keep  his  tormentor,  the  de- 

*  iril»  at  arms*  length,  waftes  his  whole 
fortune  in  daily,  weekly,  monthly,  and 
^nual  ohits,  and,  at  length,  dies  fhipiiied 
•nd  diftra^ed,  amidft  an  inundation  of 
l^olv  water,  prayers,  and  menaces. 

Few  fcencs  can  aiford  a  richer  fijnd  of 
Merriment,  than  to  witnefs  the  fuperili- 
tious  eagcmcfs,  with  which  the  Spaniards 
1>efiege  tne  churches  and  confefllonals  on 
the  eve  of  any  grand  fcftivaU  It  would 
weary  calculation  to  enumerate  the  kicks, 
f  ttd  boxes  on  the  ear,  which  are  exchang- 
ed among  the  warring  devotees  in  iefs 
than  a  quarter  of  an  hour.  What  com- 
Dl^tes  the  abiurdity  and  ludicrous  whim^ 
reality  of  this  diverting  fcene»  is  the  ar- 
Irival  of  fome  grandee,  or  bidaJgo^  who, 
•ftorted  by  a  lacquey,  carrying  a  culhion 
for  his  mafter's  accommodation,  forces 
{lis  way  through  the  crowd,  and,  whilft 
ttc  combatants  arc  engaged  in  fierce  con- 
teft,  darts  before  them  into  the  confrf- 
fonal^  throws,  himfelf  upon  his  knees, 
wifely  taking  care,  however>  not  to  wear 
tbttn  out  for  want  of  a  cuihion,  and  in 
this  condition,  repenta  at  his  eafethe  (ins 
IBftd  enormities  he  has  committed. 

'The  ivtjrs  of  Gt>4  ar9  dariC;  \oia^ 


table  to  our  circomferibcd  vtfloii*  Ml 
governs  his  heaven  Inr  his  own  laws,  an! 
can  call  into  his  prefence  whomfoever  hi 
pkafes.  But  the  Muflulman,  who  con* 
tracts  a  hoarfenefs  by  vociferating  ifiZizf 
;/f/Ai/— the  Talapoin^  who  infixes  nee* 
dies  in  his  own  flefii — and  the  Marabou, 
who  confcientiouily  walks  but  upon  one 
leg,  appear,  in  my  judgment,  to  be 
e<]ually  dcferving  of  a  place  in  the  celefV 
tial  manfions,  with  the  bisotted  Spani* 
ard,  who  heats  himfelf  with  paffion,  and 
deslls  out  blows  to  fight  his  way  to  th| 
confefEonal,  to  obtain  a|}folution/* 
London,  Jan,  1798.  A.  D* 


7(9  the  EiBior  rf  the  Momk^  Mi^azm^ 

SIR, 

IT  is  obferved,  by  the  mgenious  author 
of  the  Speflator,  that  **  A  man  vniM 
has  a  good  nofe  at  an  inuendo,  iinellt 
treafon  and  fedition  in  the  moft  inno- 
cent words  that  can  be  put  together.*^ 

This  obfervation  will,  in  many  in« 
fiances,  apply  to  the  Editors  of  «'  The 
Brfti/b  Critic*'' — and^aiticulariy  to  their 
Review  of  a  fina|l  pimiphlet  by  R.M.Ct 
in  their  Number  lor  Notcmbcr,  (p.  566.) 
where  the  author  is  reprefented.  as  a  man 
of  dangerous  principles,  and  his  defigns 
fo  inlidioufly  concealed,  as  to  dfceivf 
n^my  readers. 

Id  order  to  vindicate  the  author  fron) 
thit  charee,  I  mufl  requefl  i})/k  tnfeftion 
of  the  following  Remarks  Ie^'  your  ncztf 
month's  Magazine,  in^iereinyl  fhall  en^ 
deavour  to  prove j  tfkat  R.  M»  C,  was  a 
man  wi|o  neither  entertained  nor  exprefl'* 
ed  any  dy  infinuations  againft  govern* 
ment;  but,  on  the  contrary,  that  loy^ 
alty  and  the  love  of  his  country  were 
fentiments  which  he  always  (particularly 
in  his  pamphlet)  openly  and  manfully 
exprefled.  ■  The  elTay  more  particularly 
noticed  by  tile  Reviewers  is,  **  On  Pre* 
judice  and  the  Spirit  rf  Party ^^*  to  the 
leading  obfervation  in  whicb,  they  do 
not  pretend  to  obje^j  but  can  by  no 
means  aflent  to  the  plan  «  of  eflimating 
all  actions  by  an  arithmetical  calculation 
of  the  happincfs  or  mifery  which  they  pro- 
duce ;**'  becaufe,  they  fay,  it  leads  diredi^ 
to  the  pernicious  maxim  '<  ofdbing  evd 
that  good  nutif  come,*''  To  fhew  that  thi* 
is  not  the  leading  maxhn  infifted  on  by 
the  author,  it  wnl  be  nectflhry  to  girs 
fuch  of  your  readers,  as  have  not  feen 
the  pamphlet,  a  more  extenfive  and  lefi 
garbled  extra£V,  than  the  Revicwen 
thought  proper  to  give. 
^  One  t&atial  requifite  (R.  M.  4T, 
oWeiTcs) 


Mevivai  (fltierahtfi^ 


jAfetia)  tcrktrdt  impartiality^  is  that* 
^ulty  of  the  imagination^  bv  which  a 
man  places  himfelf  in  any  rank  of  iife^ 
In  ^e  midft  of  any  nation^  any  circum* 
ftances»  or  any  age  i  and  fairly  and  equi- 
tably appreciates  the  miferies  that  each 
may  be  fuppofed  to  feel,  and  the  advan- 
tages that  each  may  enjoy. 

**  Such  a  roan  always  eftimatesy  as 
much  as  poffiblc^  (catnh  paribus)  accord- 
ing to  the  intrinsic  nature  of  the' thine, 
hot  according  to  the  party,  the  rank,  the 
nation,  or  the  age  it  is  conne^ed  with. 
fie  thinks  that  the  welfare  and  liappinefs 
of  the  minority  (without  refpeft  to  rank' 
or  title)  i&  to  be  the  ultimate  aim  of  all 
our  anions  t  that  as  the  welfare  of  the 
prince  and  the  pealant  are  of  equal  im- 
portance in  the  eyes  of  the  Creator  of 
wth,  they  ought  to  be  eqttall;^  fo  in  the 
eyes  ef  men. — Hence,  he  eftunates  all 
•ftions  by  an  arithmetical  calculation  of 
the  quantity  of  happinefs  or  mifery 
Ivhich  they  produce;  and  he  confiders 
that  law,  or  tnat  conftitution,  as  indefen- 
lible  which,  ¥rithout  any  advantage  to 
the  community,  jbcrifices  the  Welfare 
ind  bappineis  of  t^ffife  peafknts  to  the  un- 
reafonable  gratification  of  any  one  man, 
however  high  his  rank  may  be**' — Is 
this  to  enibrce  the  pernicious  maxim  of 
*<  doit^  €^/iI  that  good  tfu^  come  ?**— But) 
%rhat  is  ftill  more  extraordinary,  they 
cannot  e^ly  difcem  the  connexion  of 
theie  aiT^ions,  unlefs  they  refer  them 
to  the  Fri^h  Revolution,  whereas,  the 
author*!  miianing  is  fully  explained  in  a 
note  at  t)&e  ekd  of  the  chapter,  which  is 
defignedly  paffed  over,  without  notice ; 
befides,  haa  the  author^ s  preface  been  at* 
tended  to  (but  the  preface  it,  perhaps^ 
leldom  noticed  by  Reviewers)  they  would 
there  hare  been  informed,  that  "  his 
obfervatsons  have  no  view  to  the  fitu%'» 
tion  of  ptibiic  affairs',  more  immedi- 
ately prefcnt.**  "It  it  evident,  (con- 
tinues he,)  that  his  arguments  do  not  at 
9II  applv  to  the  prefcnt  circumftanctfs, 
but  to  (ituations  in  which  we  have  been, 
and  in  vi^ich  fomc  of  ut  may  live  to.be 
again.'" 

In  the  next  remark,  the  author  I* 
charged  with  countenancing  "  low-born 
demagogues}  when  they  quarrel  among 
Chem&ves  and  confifcate  property  ;^'  but 
this  fnrely  is  a  erof&and  wilful  mifre- 
rrelentation» — The  author,  arguing 
ftronglv  againft  prejudice^  fays,  that  the 
xuan  whole  mind  is  under  its  influence 
•*  believes  that  murder '^  is  no  murder, 
Vcauir  it  is  commanded  by  a  peribn 
ktarlBg  tin  litk  of  a  priactj  or  an  eia- 


peior;  aad  that  tttmtA  in  Up  er!iiiet# 
provided  they  are  committed  under  the 
aufpices  of  c;ovenment:  but,  if  a  fet  of 
low-born   demagogues    quarrel  among  ^ 
themlelves,  and  butcher  fome  thoufandt# 
and  confifcate  property,    according   at  ^ 
one  faAion  or  the  other  happens  to  pre*  ' 
vail,  an  outcrv  is  immediately  raifed/* 

A  very  flight  perufal  of  the  above  fciv* 
tence  muft  convince  an  unprejudiced  rea«> 
der,  that  this  is  not  the  doflrine  incuU 
cated  by  the  author,  but  condemned  br 
him,  as  natural  to  the  mind  of  tho& 
who  are  under  the  influence  of  prejudico. 

R.  M.C.'s  obfervation  on  the  injut. 
tice  of  charging  the  defe£ls  of  goven^ 
ment  upon  the  individual  who  happeof 
to  be  bom  to  the  adminiftratioa  of  it  ig 
certainly  juftf  for^  as  he  fays,  <<  if  th« 
government  were  not  an  arbitrary  oni^ 
xht  perfon  who  adminifters  it  would  not 
have  the  temptation,  nor  the  power,  tm 
conunit  fo  many  crintes.**— He  bringi 
incontrovertible  arguments  to  prove,  that 
a  kinff  muft  almoft  ineviubfy  be  cof» 
ruptea  bv  the  very  nature  of  hit  fitua* 
tion :  and,  although  he  is  charged  witli 
frofotmd  fiUnce^  on  the  '  tranfcendant 
praiie  of  thole  who  hate  refifted  that  cor- 
ruption) it  is  certainly  unjuft  to  attribute 
that  filence  to  any  mfidious  deflgns  a* 
gainft  regal  government*  It  is  no  morf 
than  a  j lift  tribute  (o  the  memory  of  th« 
author,  to  inform  the  public,  that  in 
zeal  for  peace,  order,  and  obedience  t* 
the  laws  of  hiy  country,  few  (if  any) 
could  furpafs  him*  ^ 

CoHifU^  Ftb,  5,  t798»        CANDlDVt. 

To  tbi  Mtor  cfthe  Montblif  Ma^mem^ 

silt, 

THOUGH  hidory  has  been  cultivattl 
with  confideiable  fucccfs,  fmce  the 
middle  of  the  prelent  century,  particu- 
larly  in  this  country  \  and  though  many 
obfcure  periods  have  been  illuflrated  by 
the  labours  of  a,  RofiERT.soN,  a  Gib- 
bon, and  others,  there  is  one  fubje£^yet 
untouched,  or  at  lead  touched  very  im« 
perft6\ly>  Which  might  afford  a  fine  field 
to  genius  and  induitry.  I  here  alludoj-co 
**  A  Hiftory  pfiJi^  Hcvivai  rf Litiraturei" 
from  its  ivii  dawn  in  Italy,  in  the  timt 
of  Petrarch,  tUi  its  complete  triitmpk 
over  ignorance  ^tnd  fuperftition.  Thit 
would  comprehend  a  period  of  no  great 
length  ;  but  the  execution  of  fuch  a  work 
wouid  be  attended  with  difficulties  that 
could  be  furmounted  only  by  great  tale&u 
and  pcrlcvereace.  Some  ot  the  worka 
wluch  c&ntaij»  SMtdiali  ffltr  it  an  «aceed- 
O  a  iiglf 


jrlSo 


JktBunt  of  Jfihn  tjf  katifbur. 


ingly  fcarccr  tht  instcrials  alfo  are,  in 
general,  fo  fcattered,  many  of  them  in 
books  now  almoft  forgotten,  and  buried 
tmdcr  the  duft  of  libraries,  that  it  would 
require  a"  confiderablc  (hare  'of  time  and 
patience  to  colle6l  them.  Should  erer  a 
hiftory  of  this  kind,  howevtr,  be  at- 
tempted, no  one  would  deferve  a  more 
conipicuous  place  in  it  than  John  de  Ra- 
Teiina,  the  icholar  of  Petrarch,  who, 
though  he  left  no  works  behind  htm  to 
attcft  his  merit,  may  be  Jnftly  confidered 
as  one  of  the  firft  reviven^  of  the  Greek 
and  Latin  languages  in  the  fourteenth 
and  fifteenth  centuries.  This  ieanved 
man  taught  with  as  much  faccefs  as  his 
Hiafter,  Petrarch,  wrote  j  and,  by  the 
oral  inrtru6lion  which  he  gave  in  the 
principal  cities  of  Europe,  contributed 
«reatly  to  the  fupport  of  that  revolution 
m  the  arts  of  teaching  and  learning, 
vhich  Petrarch,  by  his  example  and 
^vritings,  began.  Without  him,  the 
light  which  Petrarch  had  kmdled  would, 
la  all  probability,  have  been  either  ex- 
tinguifhcd,  or  at  Jeaft  obfcurcd :  and  had 
lie  not  excited  in  Italy  a  defire  of  being 
acquainted  with  the  treafures  of  Roman 
literature,  Manuel  Chryfoloras  would 
^t  have  been  invited  to  that  country, 
aiid  the  Qhrck  language'  would  not  have 
fccen  cultivated  fo  early,  and  with  fo  much 

"  ardour. — As  little,  in  general,  is  known 
tefpc^ing  the  life  and  charafVer  of  this 
friend  to  letters,  the  following  account 
af  him  may,  perhaps,  not  be  unaccepta- 
He  to  thofe  fcnd  of  hiftorical  refearches— 
John  Maipaghino,  commonly  called 
John  delRavenna,  from  the  place  of  his 
birth,  was  bom  in  the  year  1351,  of  a 

'  family  diftinguifhcd  neither  by  riches  nor 
aobillty.  His  father,  however,  committed 
kun  to  the  '<irt  of  Donatus,  the  gram- 

,  Hiarian,  att'  intimate  friend  of  Petrarch, 
who  at  that  time  taught  the  Latin  with 
great  applauTe  at  Venice.  Donatus 
Jhoughf  he  difcovered  fiich  happy  diijx>- 
itions  in  young  Malpighino,  that  he  re- 

*  Ccmaiendcil  him  to  Pv.tiarch,  not  only  as 
anexcclit-nt  afllftanr  to  facilitate  his  la- 
bours, by  reading  or  tranlcrlbing  for 
Kim,  but  as  a  youth  of  the  mcft  promif- 

^ing  falents,  and  worthy  of  bting  formed 
under  the  infpe£lion  of  the  grcatcft  man 
af  the  fourteenth  century. 

It  appears  from  Ibme  of  Petrarch's 
letters,  for  it  is  from  thefc  chiefly  we  can 

obtairt  information  refpedling*  Jchn  de 
Ravennai  that  he  fully  anfwered  the  ex- 
|)e6lations  formed  pf  him ;  and  that  he 

even  gained  the  fkVour  aAd  aflfeftlon  of 
|^g  {)i4ti'oa  fo  much,  that  he  loVedhx» 


and  treated  him  as  if  he  had  been  UsoM 
ion.  In  a  letter  to  John  de  Certaldo  *, 
Petrarch  highly  extols  him,  not  only  for 
his  genius  and  talents,  but  alio  for  hi* 
prudent  and  virtuous  conduft.  *'  He 
poflTeflEes,**  fays  he,  <'  what  is  very  rare  in 
onr  times,  a  great  turn  for  poetry,  and  a 
noble  deiire  to  become  acquainted  with 
every  ufeiul  and  ornamental  part  of 
knowledge.  He  is  favoured  by  the 
Mufes,  and  already  attempts  verles  of 
his  own;  from  which  one  can  foretel, 
that,  if  his  life  be  fpared,  and  if  he  goes 
on  as  hitherto,  fomething  great  may  be 
expected  firom  him/* 

Not  loner,  however,  after  this  panegy- 
ric was  written,  young  Malpaghino  con- 
ceived an  infuperable  defire  to  lee  tht 
world;  and,  notwithftanding  all  Pe^ 
trarch's  remonftranccs,  perfifted  in  his  re- 
folution  of  quitting  him.  Petrarch^ 
paternal  care  and  reeard  for  his  pupil  ap- 
pear, on  this  occafion,  in  the  moil  fa^ 
vourable  light,  as  may  be  feen  in  his 
letters  to  Donatus ;  and  his  whole  be- 
haviour, though  thtg  young  man  infifted 
on  leaving  hlml,  widk6ot  alilgning  a  fuf- 
ficient  realbn  for  hH  precipitate  and  un- 
grateful condufl,  docs  as  much  honour 
to  his  head  as  to  his  heart. 

The  precipitation  with  which  John  de 
Ri^venna  carried  his  plan  into  executiot 
was  not  likely  to  make  it  anftver  his  ex- 
peilations.  He  departed  without  taking 
with  him  letters  of  rccommenv«tion  whicii 
Peu*arch  offered  him  to  his  friends.  He, 
how..vcr,  purfued  liis  jouj^fcy  over  the 
Appcnines,  amidft  continual  rain,  giv- 
ing oi)t  that  lie  had  been  difiniilM  by 
Petiarch  ;  but,  though  he  experienced 
from  many  a  compalTion  to  which  he  was 
not  entitled  by  his  condudl,  he  now  be- 
gan to  awaken  from  his  dream.  He  pro- 
ceeded, thereiiW'e,  to  Pila,  in  order  t» 
procure  a  veflll  to  carry  him  back  to- 
wards Paviaj  but  being  difappointed, 
while  his  money  wafted  as  much  as  his 
patience  decrcafed,  he  fuJdenly  rclblveU 
to  travel  back  acrofs  the  Appentne«. 
When  he  defccndcd  into  the  Liguriaa 
plains,  he  attempted  to  wade  through  a 
river  in  the  diftri^l  of  Parma,  virhich  was 
much  fwelled  by  therains,  and  being  car- 
ried by  the  force  of  the  ftream  into  a 
whirlpool,  he  would  have  loft  his  life,  had 
he  not  been  favec!  \tj  fome  people  wh» 
were  accidentally  pafiing  that  way.  After 
efcaping  this  danger,  he  arrived,  penny- 

•  Better  knovoto  a><lcr  the  niine  oFBw:- 
C3CC10  or  Bo€cace.  Ceruldo  WiS  tiit  pJ»ce  of 
hk  likth.  -     -  ... 

fels 


Acctmnt  rfy»hH  tf  RannuUu 


m 


;*  fc  nd  funUhed,  at  the  houfe  of  his 
":  former  patron,  who  happened  then  not 
^  to  be  at  home  i  biit  he  was  received  and 
''  Itindly  entertained  by  his .  (erranu,  till 
hbeir  mafter  returned. 
-  Petrarch,  by  his  entieatles  and  pater- 
|sl  admonitions,  retained  the  young  man 
In  his  houle  for  about  a  year,  and  pre- 
lE&ted  him  from  cngaciag;^  is  any  more 
wnantic  adyentures  $  but,  at  the  end  of 
hit  period,  his  defire  for  rambling  again 
(turned  $  and  as  Petrarch  found  that  aU 
ttempts  to  check  him  would  be  fraitlefs, 
^  gave  him  letters  of  recommendation  to 
two  of  his  friends,  Hugo  de  St.  8everim> 
and  FraaciTcus  Brunus,  at  Rome.  To 
She  former  of  thefe,  Pelrarch  favs,  "This 
youth  of  rare  talents,  but  ftill  a  youth, 
after  propofing  to  htmfelf  various  plans, 
has  at  length  embraced  thenobleft;  and 
as  he  once  traTciled,  he  is  now  defu'ous  of 
doing  (6  again,  in  order  to  gratify  hfs 
fhirft  ^  lu^wledge.  He  has,  in  parti- 
•ular,  a  fht>ng  incKnation  for  the  Ureek 
language;  and  entertains  a  wifli  which 
Cato  brft  conceived  in  his  old  age.  This 
wiih  I  hare  endeavoured  for  (brae  years 
to  fiibdues  fometimcs  hj  entreaties,  at 
other  times  by  admonition;  fbmetimes 
by  repreienting  how  much  he  is  ftill  de- 
ficient in  the  Roman  language ;  and  fome- 
times  by  laying  before  him  the  difficulties 
which  muK  attend  him  in  his  journey, 
efpecially  33  he  once  before  left  me,  and 
by  want  wak^bliged  to  return.  As  long 
as  that  unfo«-ninate  excutiion^was  fi-efh  in 
his  memory  l^e  remained  quiet,  and  gave 
me  hopes  that  his  reftlefs  fpirit  could  be 
overcome  and  reffarained.  But  now,  fince 
the  remembrance  of  his  misfortunes  is 
almoft  obliterated,  he  again  fighs  after 
the  world  i  and  can  be  retained  neither  by 
force  nor  perfuafion.  Excited  by  a  dtr- 
fire  which  betrays  more  ardour  than  pru- 
dence, he  is  refolved  to  Itrave  hU  country, 
friends,  and  relations,  \iu  a^d  fatlnrr, 
and  me  whom  he  loved  as  a  father,  and 
whoie  company  he  preferred  to  a  refKjence 
at  home,  and  to  haden  to  vou  whom  he 
knows  only  by  .name.  This  precipita- 
tion even  has  an  appearance  of  prudence. 
The  young  man  nHl  wiihed  to  vifit  Con- 
tantiaople;  but  when  I  tuld  him  th^t 
Greece,  at  prefent,  is  as  poor  as  it  was 
formerly  ricn  in  learning,  he  gavecretUt 
to  mv  adbrtion,  and  at  any  rate  altered 
his  pistt,  which  he  could  hot  carry  into 
aorecution.  He  is  now  defirous  of  traverf- 
ing  Calabria,  and  the  whole  coaft  of 
Itily,  dillii^iOied  formerly  by  the  name 
cf  Magna  Qrascia,  becauk  I  once  told 
^to  Umtc  w«e  ia  that  ^uorur  fcvsrsdl 


men  well  (killed  iii  the  Greek  hnguag^^ 
particularly  a  monk,BarIaam,and  oneLeo^ 
or  Leontius,  with  whom  I  was  intimatel* 
acquainted,  and  of  whom  the  firft  had 
been  (bme  time  my  fchoter.  In  confis 
quence  of  this  'propofa>,  he  begged  me  ta 
give  him  a  recommendatory  letter  to  yotty 
as  you  have  confiderable  influence  La  that 
parr  of  the  country.  This  requeft  I 
eranted,  in  hopes  that  the  young  man,  bf 
his  genius  and  talents,  will  wrd  )roa 
fatisfa£iion  equal  to  the  iervice  whick 
yt}u  may  render  to  him.**  In  his  letter 
to  Brunus,  Petrarch  expreiles  himJelf  aa 
follows:  '^  He  is  a  youiM;  man  wh« 
wifiies  ta  fee  the  world  as  I  formerly  did^^ 
but  I  never  reflect  on  it  without  horror. 
He  is  defirous  of  feeing  Rome  j  and  this 
defire  I  cannot  condemn,  as  I  mylelf 
have  fo  often  vifited  that  city,  and  could 
flill  revifit  it  with  pleafuie.  Ifufped^ 
however,  that  he  will  venture  on  9 
more  extenfive  ocean,  and  inaginet  ts^ 
find  a  fortune  where  he  will>  perhaps 
meet  with  a  ihipwreck.  At  any  rate,  1^ 
is  defirous,  he  fays,  of  pnttingjih  for« 
tune  to  a  trial.  I  wiih  it  may  be  favour* 
able ;  (hould  it  be  adverfc,  he  is  3ift 
at  liberty  to  return  to  my  peaceful 
though  fmall,  haven;  for  1  bang  out  %. 
light,  durin?  the  day  as  well-as  tiw  night» 
to  guide  tnofe  who  quit  me  throu^ 
youthful  folly;  and  to  enable  them  l» 
find  their  way  back.  The  ardour  by 
which  he  Is  impelled  mud  not  be  afcribed 
fo  much  to  him  as  to  his  age,  and  is  ia 
itfeif  commendable.  If  I  am  not  muck 
deceived,  the  young  man  loves  me  and 
virtue  in  general.  He  is  unftcady,  but 
raodeft ;  and  deferves  that  all  good  men 
ihould  contribute  to  his  profperity  as  fvr 
as  they  can.'* 

From  the  letters  of  Petrarch,  there  is 
reafon  to  believe,  that  John  de  Rasenna 
lived  with  him  only  about  three  years 
in  all  I  and  that  he  had  not  attained  to 
the  full  age  of  manhood  when  he  left  hin-^ 
It  appears  aifo,  for  this  circumftance  is 
veryobfcure,  tlat  after  he  quitted  him, 
he  wandered  about  a  confiderable  time 
before  he  was  fo  fortunate  as  to  meet 
with  a  protestor  and  patron,  at  whcfe 
houfe,  ak  he  wrote  to  Petrarch,  he  at  hft 
found  a  pern^neiit  aiylum.  How  long 
he  remained  with  his  patron,  wh^i  fomc  ^ 
believe  to  have  been  Caidinal  Phdip,  and  * 
what  happened  to  him  till  the  death  of 
Petrarch  in  i374»  and  for  fome  years 
after,  is  unknown.  The  literary  monu- 
ments of  the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth  cen- 
turies fay  nothing  farther  of  him  till  his  , 
af^araace.  iA  pMlua  y  whcrei  according 

f 


«M 


to  tht  Cetlifliany  of  Sicco*,  ooc  of  die 
IDoft  celebrated  of  his  fcholan,  be  not 
Oo(y  uuglit  the  Roman  Elo^uencey  but 
^lib  the  icA9ce  of  Moral  Phiioib^y,  with 
ibch  fuccef^  and  applauie,  and  improved 
|U8  fcholars  lb  much  by  hit  llfii  and  ex- 
.aunpWy  thaty  accord  ine  to  imivcrral  opi- 
aiion«  be  far  excelled  all  the  piofeflprs  of 
thoie  ic^ncet  who  had  ever  before  ap- 
seaiej.  That  he  was  here  of  confidera- 
ible  fiDTvice  ti|  rcFiTtng  the  ftudy  of  the 
Xatin  language^  and  of  the  works  of  the 
-jukcknt  Romans,  was  acknowledged  by 
Jill  his  fcholarsy  and  is  confirmed  by  the 
j^liowing  teftimony  of  Blondus  f  i 

<<  About  the  ihme  period,  Ravcoaa 
.produced  that  karned  eraronMurian  and 
•fhetoriciaa  Johannes,  of  whom  Leonar- 
^us  Aminiis  uied  to  (ay,  that  he  firft  ia- 
^oduced  into  Italy,  after  a  long  period 
^ffbarbarifmy  the  ftudy  of  theism  iaa- 
^wige  and  eloquence,  now  £»  flouriflun^; 
M  circum^^nce  which  deftcvM  to  be  en- 
Jaraed  on  in  the  jMrfeat  work.  Thoie 
weu  acauainied  with  Roman  littrature 
Juiow,  ioat  after  the  periods  of  Ambrofe, 
Jfrom,  and  AugDftin,  th^re^  were  none, 
i^r  very  lew,  who  wrote  with  any  elo- 
j^C,  ttntefs  wc  add  to  thefe  good  writ- 
«rs,  St.  Gregpry,  t(ie  venerable  Bede,  and 
St.  Bernard.  Fiancis  Petrarchawas  the 
4lrft  who,  with  much  genius  and  ftiU 
^[Toaler  care,  recalled  from  the  duft  the 
true  art  of  poetry  and  of  eloquence.  He 
idid  not  attain  to  the  flowers  of  Cicero- 
i^ian  elo<}uence,  with  which  many  are 
adorned  m  the  prefent  century,  but  this 
was  owing  rather  to  a  want  of  books 
4ban  of  tfldents.  Though  he  boafted  of 
having  found  at  Vercelli  Cicero^s  leuers 
to  Lentuhis,  he  was  unacquainted  with 
the  books  of  that  great  Roman  De  Ora^ 
tore^  Quintilian*s  Inftitutes,  the  Orator^ 
the  Brufm  and  other  writings  of  Cicero* 

iohn  de  Ravenna  was  known  to  Petrarch 
oth  in  his  youth  and  in  his  old  age. 

^  ^  dolefcenfi  torn  ego  postal,  et  inftituta 
Tutlii  sttdkbam.  Legebat  tunc  hsc  in  civirate 
Padua,  litcrarnm  outriee,  Jcbrnfaus  Ravtntiat 
vir  et  (andinkmla  norum,  et  ftudio  ifto  cx- 
oellens,  stque  fi  poteft  Ane  invidis  dici,  ce« 
lerii,  qui  magiftri  artu  bujns  Id  terra  Italia 
vfqttam  degerent  et  doAtflimi  habercntur, 
fuantitm  recordari  videor,  omitium  judicio 
^aeferendas.  Hoc  namque  a  prxceptore  oon 
eioquentia  modo,  quam  ex  ordioe  legeret,  fed 
motes  «tja»y  ac  qocdam  bene  honefteque 
-vWendi  ratio  cam  doArina,  turn  etctnplis 
<iifcebatur.-.^iarp  F»ientmmt,  Ap.  Mehos  1.  c; 

t  Blrndi  Flaarif  Forlirimes  ItslisjUvAn* 


AccoUnfvfydm  tf  kaviinUU 


lie  waa  aot  more  conv«rikiie  ^ii  til 
ancients  than  Petrarch ;  and,  as  far  as 
I  know,  left  no  works  behind  htm.  By 
his  cKceUcBt  genius,  however,  and,  aa 
LconardusAretinusfitys,  by  the  particu- 
lar difpcfifatton  of  God,  he  was  the  pre- 
ceptor of  this  Leonardu?,  of  Petrus  Pau- 
lus  Vergerius,  of  Annebonus  de  Padoi^ 
of  Robert  Rofli,  of  James  Angeli  of 
Fkwence,  of  Poggius  axKi  Guarino  of 
Verona,  of  Vi6torinus,  Sicco,  and  other 
men  of  kfs  note,  whom  he  incited  te 
the  ftudy  of  better*  knowledge,  and  to 
imitate  Cicero,  if  he  could  not  ford 
them  or  inftni^  them  completely.** 

"  About  the  fame  tinoe  Manuel  Chry* 
ibloras,  a  man  as  virtuous  as  learaet^ 
came  fpom  Conflantinople  to  Italy,  and 
inftrufted  in  the  Greek  language,  partly 
at  Venice  and  partly  at  rlocence  and 
Rome,  all  the  before  mentioned  icholan 
of  John  de  Ravenna*  Afttr  he  had  con* 
tinued  this  inftru^lion  for  fame  jeai% 
thoie  unacquainted  with  the  Greek  lan» 
guage  and  the  ancient  Greek  writeric 
were  confidercd,  in  Italy^  as  naore  igno^ 
rant  than  thofe  uaacquaiutcd  with  tbs 
Latin.  A  |;reat  Ingny^  young  Inen  and 
youths  were  mflamedwith  an  entfiufiaftic 
defire  for  the  works  of  the  ancient  Gresks 
and  Romans.  At  the  time  of  the  councS 
of  Confiance,  in  the  beginning  of  thi 
fifteenth  century,  many  of  my  countrv- 
roen  endeavoured,  by  fearching  the  ikighri 
bowing  cities  and  conventsi  to  difcover 
fome  of  the  Roman  manuftripts  vrfaicb 
had  been  loft.  Poggius  ^^  difcovered 
a  complete  copy  of  (&intiljan,  which  wat 
foon  hallowed  by  thcletters  of  Cicero  ts 
Atticus.  As  our  youth  applied  to  the 
ftudy  of  theie  works  with  the  utmoft  di- 
ligence, that  celebrated  grammarian  and 
rhetorician,  Cafparinus  de  BerganOi 
opened  a  fcl|ool  at  Venice,  fuperior  to 
the  former,  and  in  which  young  peribni 
were  encouraged  to  ftudy  the  ancient  lan« 

fuag^s  and  wi'iters.  About  the  fame  time 
ouriflied  Petrus  Paulus  Vergerus,  Leo- 
nardus  Aretinus,  Robert  Rofll,  James  ' 
Angeli,  Poggius  and  Nicolaus  de  Me-  i 
dici,  whom  Aret in  had*  long  inftni5lc<i. 
Guarinus  alfo  had  bcsun  to  inftrud 
many  at  Venice,  and  ViSorimis  at  Man- 
tua,  when  Philip  III.  Duke  of  Milaiv 
recalled  Calparinus  as  his  .fubjed,  froifl 
Venice,  to  Padua  and  Milan.  The  en-* 
crcafing  ftudy  of  ancient  literature  wai 
much  promoted  by  Gerard  LandrianO) 
Biihop  of  Lodi,  difcovdring  «nder  foios 
ruins  an  old  copy  of  Cieero,  written  it 
characters  fcarcetylrgible,  which,  amon; 
other  rhetorical  nhrttiags  of  chat  great 

R0BU» 


d^tHmi^y^tn  ^f^Xjfffimm 


»< 


IkmmLf  eoutaatsA  tbe  whole  books  De 
Oraivtt  witb  his  Brutus  and  Orator, 
Tills  favcd  Caiparmus  the  trouble  of 
(vpi^ying  the  books  of  Cicero  De  Ora^ 
ttrt^  as  he  had  attrmpted  to  fupplj  the 
woiis  of  Qumtilian*  As  no  one  was 
found  in  all  Milan^  who  could  read  this 
cM  manofcript  of  Cicero,  an  insenious 
yotms;  man  of  Verona,  named  Uafmnsy 
was  io  fortunate  as  ^rft  to  tranfcribe  the 
hooks  De  Oratttre^  and  to  fiil  all  Italy 
with  copies  of  a  work  whi^h  was  univer- 
ftlly  fought  for  with  the  utnioft  avidity* 
I  myi^y  in  my  youth^  when  I  went  to 
Milan,  on  the  buiinefs  of  mv  native  city, 
tranfcribed,  with  as  mucn  ardour  as 
iptcd,  the  Brutus  of  Cicero,  and  fcnt  co- 
pics  of  my  tranfcription  to  Guarinus  at 
Verooa,  and  to  Leonard  JuHiniani  at  Ve- 
nice, by  which  means,  this  work  was 
foon  difperfed  all  over  Italy.  By  thefe 
pew  works  eloquence  acauired  new  fire  | 
and  hence  It  happens,  tnat  in  our  a?e, 
|)eople  fpeak  and  write  better  than  in  the 
time  oi  Petrarch,  The  ftudy  of  the 
Greek  language,  befdes  the  abundance 
of  new  and  uieful  knowledge  which  it 
difdofed,  was  attended  with  this  great 
advantage,  that  maiiy  attempted  to  tranf- 
late  Greek  works  into  Latm,  and  there- 
by improved  their  ftyle  much  more  than 
they  could  have  done  without  that  prac- 
tice. After  this  period,  fchools  for 
teaching  the  ancient  languages  increafed 
in  Italy,  and  flouriflipd  more  and  morCf 
Moft  cities  l^ad  fchools  of  this  kind ;  and 
it  gives  one  ^leafure  to  oblcnre,  that  the 
fcholars  exceUed  their  mailers,  not  only 
when  they  left  them,  but  even  while  they 
were  under  their  tuition.  Of  the  fcholars 
of  John  de  Kavenna,  two  of  the  oldeft, 
Guarinus  and  Vi^torinus,  the  former  at 
Mantua,  and  the  latter  at  Venice,  Vero- 
p,  Florence,  and  Ferrara,.  ittftru6led  an 
immenfe  number  of  pupils^  aad  among 
thefe,  the  Princes  of  Ferrara  and  Man- 
tua. George  of  Trebifonde,  when  he 
Icftured  at  Rome,  had,  for  his  auditors, 
bdides  Italians,  many  French,  Spaniards, 
and  Germans,  among  whom  fometimes 
there  were  men  of  rank  and  eminence. 
Franc ifcus  Philelphus,  who  had  been 
taught  at  Conftantinople  by  Chryfoloras 
hiffij'elf,  inftrufted  a  great  many  young 
men  and  youths  in  the  Greek  and  Latin 
languages  at  Venice,  Florence,  Siena, 
Bologna,  and,  laft  of  all,  at  Milan.'* 
In  the  above  quotation,  the  (hare  which 
John  de  Ravenna  had  in  reviiine  and  dif- 
fuling  a  knowledge  not  only  of  the  Ro- 
man, but  alfo  of  the  Grecian  literature, 
if  to  deaiiy  repicftntnl,  tkat  i)^  ikrtbn 


tefth&on);U  neeeflTaiytoeftaljITlh  Us  claim' 
to  celebrity. 

After  John  de  RaveimSi  had  taught  at 
Padua,  he  removed  for  the  like  purpo^ 
to  Florence,  where^  as  aopears^  he  vof* 
ftru£lcd  voung  people,   tor  fome  time^' 
without  oeing  exprefsly  invited  br  the- 
government,  and  without  being  publicljr 
paid  for  his  labours.     In  the  beginnmg 
of  his  refidence  at  Florence,  he  &aa  to 
haye  been  recommended  by  Colucius  to 
the  learned  Charles  de  Malatefta.  **  There 
lives  here  at  prefent|'*  fays  Colucius,  iH' 
one  of  his  letters,  **  a  teacher  of  great 
merit,  Johnde  Ravenna — he  is,"  con« 
tinueshe,  <<  of  matiure  a&x:  irreproach- 
able in  bis  manners^  and.  io  dilpofed  i4 
general,  that  if  you  receive  him,  as  I  hop« 
and  wifli,  among  the  number  of  yoUT  in-* 
timate  friends,   you  will  find  nim  ai| 
agreeable  and  incomparable  afllftant  t<|, 
you  in  your  labours  and  ftudies«    What 
can  be  more  deferable  to  vou  than  to 
poflefs  a  man  who  will  lucuorate  and  ln«» 
bour  for  you  \  and  who,  in  a  /hort  tiine» 
can  communicate  to  you  what  you  coul4 
not  obtain  by  your  own  exertions  with«  * 
out    great  oimculty.    I  do  not   know 
whether  you  will  find  his  like  in  all 
Italy )  and  I  therefore  wifb,  that»  if  yoa 
confide  in  my  judgmenty  3rou  will  re-> 
ceive  Tohn  de  Ravenna  in  the  room  of 
your  Ute  learned  friend#  James  de  Ale«  - 
cretti."    It  is  not  known,  whether  John 
de  Ravenna  went  torefidewith  Malatefta 
or  not.    It  is,  however,  certain  that  th« 
former,  in  1 397,  (the  fame  year  in  wbtoti 
^fanuel  ChiVfoloras  came  to  Florence) 
was  invited  thither  by  the  magifbratet  of 
that  city,  with  the  promife  ot  an  annual  • 
falary,  to  infbiidi  young  pe<^le  in  tint 
Ronun  language  aud   eloquence  |  that 
John  de  Ravenna,  at  the  period  when  h« 
entered  into  this  honourable  engagement*  - 
was  forty -five  years  of  age  |  and  that  the 
fcholars  of  Johnde  Ravenna  were,  at  thu 
fame  time,  fcholars  of  Chryfoloras,  Sa« 
luratus  Colucius,  in  all  prooability,  vrat 
the  caule  of  this  invitation  $  as  he  wm  * 
acquainted  with  the  ferviioes  of  John  d«  . 
Ravezma,  and  knew  how  to  appreciate, 
them.     *<  We  know,^*  fays  he,  in  one 
of  his  letters  to  John  de  Kavenna,  **  an4 
all  who  refpe£l  you  know  alfo,    thai 
none  of  the  moderns,  or  even  ancieBtS|-  • 
approached  fo  near  to  Cicero  as  you  \  ana 
that  to  the  moft  wonderful  bcttnty  md  > 
powers  of  fpeech,  you  join  the  deepeft 
knowledge.^^  Johnde  Ravenna,  like Chry-  ^ 
foloras,  and  moft  of  the  tethers  of  tn# 
Greek  and  Roman  la)>guage<  in  the  be-   ' 
ginning  of  ^  fifteenth  centviyj  wat^ 


%(>» 


C^niua-^jht  B^  DimflAfu 


^  doobf  9  enetgedy  at  firft,  only  for  a 
'  tKWjtai%\  wEcn  thefewere  elapfed  the 
^igagniient  was  renewed,  perhaps  for 
<lie  laft  time  in  14-129  and  he  w^  boundj 
liefides  teaching  the  Roman  eloquence^ 
to  read  pubiicW,  and  eacplain  in  the  ca- 
thedral, on  &ftivals,  the  poems  of 
Pante*.  John  deJRavenna  dia  not  long 
fiirrivc  the  above  renewal  of  his  engage- 
Qcnt  j-  for  an  anonymous  writer,  who, 
in  143O9  finiflied  **  A  Guide  to  Letter- 
KorihHgf  accorMng  t9  tbeFnn^lesrfJobn 
deRoFuenna^^''  fpeaks  of  his  pnceptor 
•     ifs  of  a  nan  not  tnen  In  exiftence. 

T.  P.  L 


Ci  iU  EJ&wr  of  the  Moathiy  M^asdne. 

SIR, 

THE  artick  I  (bit  to  yovr  Magasiite 
in  December  laft,  I  am  happy  to 
Jie,  baa  excited  fome  attention.  It  is  a 
matter  that  very  much  concerns  the  pub- 
lic, and,  I  hope,  the  anfwers  that  have 
alnady  appeared,  will  tend  to  call  forth 
fiirther  ixuoimatlon  on  the  iubje^l. 

A  PrrytUe  Banker  hasj  in  your  lali, 
doubted  the  poiibility  of  the  Bank  Di- 
ipftors*  refniii^  a  plan  to  prevent  forgery, 
ncommended  in  the  manner  I  formerly 
Aated  \  while  at  the  (ame  time  he  allows, 
tiiat,  if  it  flkould  turn  out  that  they  had, 
Jiclmows  no  language  that  can  do  juftioe 
fo  their  jdcmerita.  I  am  not  furprized 
that  he  flioold  hefitate  in  crediting  iuch  a 
hSt^  for  the  arguments  advanced  by 
ium  to  fiKw  the  improbability  of  their 
afiingapart  fo  unacconatabie — focid- 
pabie — ^are  fuch  as  would  have  detened 
any  liet  of  men  of  common  underftanding 
mm  adopting  the  condufl  that  has  been 
maniMed^  on  ^is  oocafion,  by  the  Bank 
DtreAort.  Bvt,  whatever  may  have  been 
his  doubts  OB  this  point  when  he  laft 
wrote  lo  yoH,  thev  muft  have  been  com- 
pletely removed  by  the  letter  that  ap- 
peared in  your  lali  from  Mr.  La  no- 
se ER.  That  artift  anfwers  thequcltion 
I  had  pot  to  him,  by  Hating,  in  pofitive 
tetms,  that  a  flan  had  been  offered  to  the 
BmAbyei  Mr.  Tillock,  'which  woj  re- 

^Mdms  ^iMtes  iirom  a  Floreatine  docii- 
vent  of  the  year  1412,  the  following  paflage. 
^um  vir  doftiffimus  D.  Johannes  d^  MaU 
pa^inis  de  iUvenna  haAenva  m  c»#ttate  Flo- 
fentiB  pliirib«it  annia  legerit,  et  diligennflime 
docaerit  rhetortcsm,  ec  au^ores  majores,  <f 
aliqundoJihnim  Da/ais^  et  multos  inftruxerit, 
Ac 

t  Segveado  la  dottrina  delt*  el«quente  ed 
•Bprevole  maeiho  Gicannt  Battifta  oel  {up 
teoyo  priocipe  deiU  rettorica  tacultad^  ftc 


lya  cmmit0i,efBnk  fMt0k 
though  it  tvMS  the  un^ninuus  qptnm  if 
bimjelf  and  Mejfrs*  Byrne,  Fittlee, 
Lownr,  Sharp,  and  Bartolozzi, 
^  the  Jj^cimen  prefenSed  by  Mr.  TiL- 
LOCK  nxjas  not  co^aile  by  a^  immm  art 
of  engrofvit^. 

It  appears  too,  from  Mr.  Landseee*! 
communication,  that,  notwithftanding  the 
infamous  ftile  in  which  the  notes  of  the 
bank  are  executed,  the  engraver  to  the 
hank  reckons  liimfelf  an  artift  fuperior  ta 
any  of  the  above  gentlemen ;  for  he  at- 
tempted to  copy  Mr.  Tillock^s  fpeci- 
men,  thoueh  fuch  artift  s  had  declared  it 
beyond  their  power  to  do  it.  Whether  ii 
the  modefty  of  the  Dtxeflors  in  fetting 
up  their  opinion  in  direA  oppoiition  to 
that  of  the  artiAs,  or  that  or  their  Ed* 
graver  in  attempting  what  they  declarod 
beyond  their  power,  moil  to  be  adnoired, 
on  the  prefent  occafion  ? 

Is  fuch  confumraate  folly,  not  to  fay 
criminality,  to  receive  no  check  T  Are 
thefe  men  to  have  the  power  of  detennin« 
ing  finailv  on  a  matter  of  £ttch  import* 
ance,  and  Uy  the  decifion  of  which  they 
are  fo  completely  incofiipetent  ?  Are  tlie 
members  of  the  conuAunity  ftill  to  be  fub* 
je£bed  to  lofles  and  frauds,  and  the  igno- 
rant  and  vicious  to  be  tempted  tp  the 
commiflion  of  a  crime  which  the  Bank 
had  the  power  of  preventing? 

The  Bank  Direftors  have  a  lacred  truf 
committed  to  their  care  j  and  they  ought 
to  recoUe6^  that,  independant  of  the  tri. 
bunal  of  public  opinion,  there  is  a  tri- 
bunal in  tnis  country  that  has  a  power 
to  call  them  to  account  for  the  negieft  of 
a  duty  fo  important  as  that  of  preventing 
forgery*  If  they  continue  to  leave  tha 
public  at  the  mercy  of  every  bungling 
engi-aver^s  apprentice,  when  thev  have  the 
power  of  fecurin^  them  againft  forgers. 
It  i.R  to  be  hoped  that  fome  public-fpi- 
rited  men,  who  have  power  and  influence 
fuiHcient,  will  ftep  forward,  and  get  this 
bufmefs  properly  mveftigatod. 

That  a  plan  which,  by  increafing  the 
dilhculty,  would  diminiih  the  number  of 
forgeries,  has  actually  been  offered  to  the 
bank,  the  public  has  already  been  in- 
formed, by  Mr,  Landseer,  an  artift  of 
the  firft  eminence,  and  engraver  to  his 
Majefty.  In  a  matter  of  fo  much  mo- 
ment, It  is  to  be  hoped  every  one  who  has 
the  means  will  give  what  further  infor- 
mation he  may  have  In  his  powctr,  through 
the  medium  of  your  Magazine.  The 
other  artifts,  and  the  author  of  the  phn, 
owe  it  as  a  duty  to  inform  the  public 
what  has  heca  done  ip  this  affsu^'a'H  X 
-/^^adr 


JTtVb  Ptttry  cfC^eiBac, 


tot 


pdlia^  myfelff  ^Vi  need  no  fbrdier  ar- 
guments to  induce  them  to  come  forward. 
Tiir  publici  orthofe  whoic*  imifiediate 
dutr  it  it  to  watch  over  their  iaterefts, 
will  dien  know  how  to  proceed  in  a  mat- 
ttr  that  demands  fiich  a  feriotu  invefti- 
gation.  Coiild  I  hope  that  this  buiinefs 
would  receire  that  attention  which '  it 
merits  from  all  concerned,  I  might  then 
promife  myielf  that  I  ihould  never  in  fu- 
turcbc 

A  SVFFBRBR  BY  FOUGBRY, 

70  tk  EStw  if  the  MoMttfy  M^gmcJuu, 
sin, 

IN  the  foregoing  numbers  of  your  va« 
iuabk  Maga<ioe»  I  have  ffiven  tranA 
latioos  of  the  poetrvof  HyweTab  Owain^ 
cotenoporary  with  nim  was  Owaiji  Cyv^ 
iiSsc,  another  chieftain  of  Wales,  dif* 
tinguiflied  for  being  a  poet,  and  a  great 
patron  of  the  bards.  But  we  can  boaft 
only  of  having  preferved  two  of  his  com-* 
portions  J  one  of  which,  called  the  Hir', 
Uuy  has  been  given  to  the  public,  though 
not  fuficiently  faithful,  by  the  late  Rev. 
Evan  Evans,  m  his  "piJfrtaiiodeBardui'^ 
the  other  is  given  here,  and  is  on  the 
cuftom  of  theWdfh  princes*  making 
their  periodical  circuits  at  the  three  great 
fcftivals  of  Chriftmas,  Eafler,  and  Whit- 
funtide.  Thefe  circuits  conftituted  one 
confiderable  means  of  fupport  to  them^ 
M  the  different  officers  of  their  eflablifh. 
ments  were  alfo  entitled  to  be  received, 
according  to  their  ranks,  amongft  the 
▼ailals,^  as  may  be.  feen  by  the  various 
regulatioBs  In  the  Laws  of  Hy wel,  upon 
thefubj^. 

tngljmn  «  ga»t  teulu  Oxomn  CfvdHog  i  Gjl- 

fou  Cymrie. 
T£ULU  Owain  Ury,  Uuos  anhun  trais 

Yn  eu  traws  arovan, 
Fyrs  cyrs  eyvesau  dyun, 
Pa  fors  y«  awn  i  Vortun  ? 

^f  wSs,  yn  cbrwyz,  heb  rozi  gcirda 

IV  (wrda  y  fy  yndl  j 
Dywan  wtfn,  tfy wan  trwysi  j 
Dywed  an  dyvod  i  Geri. 

Dot,  was,  o  G«ri,  ac  ar^ovn  wrthid, 

RhaBanllsd  an  Ilo^i 
Diwci  y^teetham  j'tl; 
D}wed  y  down  Arwyft!!. 

Dyijrjwyn,  senad,  gaa  vawrrydig  dorr, 

1  dervyn  Ceredig  ; 
Dy wan  ar  wyllt  ar  w^lU  pig  j 
Dywed  down  Bcnwedig. 
I>DS  o  B»wedig«  boeo  ovys  genadf 

Can  yth  wna  cy  wilyi  j 
Dywan  ar  gyaan  gynys ; 
Bywed  y  d'dwn  Veiridny*.         '  ' 

MoaTiaTMAQ,  No,  XXVllh 


Gortyar  ci  gyl$wy  $ 
Dy  wto,  cr  traian  tramwy  } 
l^wad  y  down  Ardudwy. 

Dygyywyn  genad,  gam  dervyn  y  wltd 

A  wledy9wys  Merryn  5 
D81  i  wcfl  ar  Neft  Ncvyn  5 
Dywed  an  dyvod  Lcyn. 

Dygyywyn,  genad,  0  gylj  dragon  llary 

Lliofawg  ei  galon ; 
D6s,  var$awg  arvawg,  Arvon  ) 
A  dywed  an  dyyod  Voh. 

Teulu  Owain  hael  hawl  diolsith  Lloegyr* 

Lliofawg  am  anraith, 
A  enir  wedy  hir*Haith : 
A  anwn  ni  yn  RhSt  nofwalth  ? 

D89|  was,  y  genyv,  ac  na|  auner^  n^bj 

Oni  bya  vy  ngorxerj  5 
Dy wan  ar  vuaa  vein-erj  j 
Dywed  an  dyvod  Laner;. 

Dygy9wyn,  genad,  gadyr  ardal  tenia 

Teilwng  m^sovua],  , 

A  dywan  Dyno  Bydwal  j 
A  dywed  sn  dyjvod  Ul.. 

Cyywyn  i'w  thcrvyn,  pathawr  en  hoswei 

Hir-velyn  en  gwacwawr } 
Dywan  dyw  calan  lonawr  5 
Dywed  an  dyvod  Vaelawr. 
.Dos,  was,  na  oluz,  na  olaith  dy  UnWp 

Dy  luzlaw  nid  h?ws-waith  5 
Dywan  o  Vaelawr  vawr-dath  j 
Dywed  an  dyvod  Gynllaith. 
D6«,  w»i,  a  synghor,  na  jyngam  an  torf^ 

Val  teiilobs  by|^ ; 
Dywo]!  dwg  rybus  hyzwab  | 
Dywed  an  dyvod  Vejaia. 
Teulu  Owain  rwy  v  rhwyftrafam  wlados  I 

Poed  gwlad  nh  ein  adlam ! 
Cyry  cyvrwyx,  cyvlwys,  cyvlam, 
Cyl9  Cymru  cynunerafam.    , 

TKAK8LATJ0N. 

Fltrjei^g  by  the  Famiij  of  Oxomm  CjvdRoc  l» 

the  Ciradts  6/ ff^a/et. 

The  family  of  Owain  the  mild,  whom  the 
reftlefs  hofts  of  violence  frowardiy  threaten* 
on  the  paths  of  fongs  and  focial  feafts,  which 
'  way  ihall  We  repair  to  Afprtun  ? 

Go,  youth,  quickly,  without  greeting  the 
good  man  iherc  j  take  thy  coorfe }  penetrate 
through  it;  fay  that  we  (hall  come  toCeri.     . 

Go,  youth,  from  Ceri,  we  rcqueft  of  thec^ 
for  fear  of  our  wrath,  and  the  end  we  have  in 
ftore  to  bring  upon  thee  j  fay  that  we  come  * 
to  Arwyftli. 

Meflenger,  be  fetting  off,  before  an  innf. 
triotis  band,  to  the  confines  of  Ceredic;  take 
thy  courfe  wiUly  on  an  anrow"!  whig  $  tif 
that  we  (hall  irij^  Penwedic. 

Go  from  Penwedic,  meffenger  of  honour- 
able toil,  ^e  no  4ifgra(;e  belongs  to  thee  | 
range,  aad,  with  encreafed  eloquenet,  fay  that 
we  fliall  vifit  Mci^len,  ,        -     '. 

Meflenger,  be  fetting  off,  approaching  the 
%  ,     P  green- 


left  BouillPs  Mimhrs^Jdr.  HwfimtCi  Tour  cMtinuitL 


green  pc€«n  Kreim,  bordered  i^ith  knd  !«• 
mult ;  take  «  cottrfe,  the  third  of  the  journey 
is  done,  fay  that  we  iholl  tifit  Ardndwy- 

Mellenger,  be  fetting  off  along  the  fair  bor- 
ders of  the  country,  which  Mervyn  fwayed  ; 
go  and  be  a  gueft  with  Kcfl  of  Nevyn  \  fpeak 
of  our  coming  to  Leyn. 

Meflengen  be  fettiftg  off,  drawing  near  a 
mild  Header  of  magnanimous  heart ;  go,  armed 
knight»  and  traverfc  Arvon;  fay  that  weVifit 
Mon. 

The  family  of  Owain  the  bounteous,  to 
>«hom  belongs  the  ravage  of  England,  abun- 
dant ui  fpoils,  will  meet  with  a  welcome  af- 
ter a  tedious  journey :  Ihall  we  abide  one  night 
atRhos^ 

Young  man,  go  from  roc,  and  no  one  greet, 
unlcfs  it  be  my  rolilrCfs  ;  fwcep  along  on  the 
iket  bay  ftcfd  j  fay  that  we  vifit  Lancr j. 

Meflenger,  be  fetting  off,  oter  the  ftrong 
region  of  a  tribe  defcrving  mead  out  of  the 
horn,  and  traverfc  Tyno  Bydwal ;  and  fay 
that  we  Viiit  lal. 

Pafs  onward  to  its  extremity,  heeding  not 
the  galbnrry  of  its  men  with  the  long  yellow 
fpcars  J  take  thy  courfe  on  the  firft  day  of 
Jamiary  5  fsy  we  vifit  Maelor. 

Go,  youth,  and  linger  not,  let  not  thy  pro- 
grefs  be  half  complete  ;  toftopthce  is  no  eafy 
Uik  J  from  tedious  Marlor  take  thy  way  i 
make  known  we  vifit  Cynlaith.^ 

Young  man,  go  with  difcretion,  announce 
not  our  troop  as  of  (brry  tribes ;  take  thy 
courfei  with  the  fleetnefs  of  a  flag  thy  tidings 
bear  %  fay  we  vifit  Mecain. 

The  family  of  Owam  the  chief  withftood 
kingdoms,  may  the  regions  of  heaven  be  our 
retreat!  A  range  altogether  plcafant,  alto- 
gether profperous,  with  united  pice,  the  cir- 
cuit of  Wales  we  have  taken. 

The  places  mentioned  in  the  foregoing 
▼erfca  are  all  well  ki)own  at  the  prefent 
time  J  they  arc  points  which  nearly  de- 
fcribe  a  circle  round  North  Wales. 
Your's,  &c. 

7<i«.6, 179  J.  MEiRieN. 

T«  th€  EdUor  oftbe  Montblj  Magazine. 

SIR, 

IN  the  ^fft^1oi^»  lately  pnhliflicd  by 
the  Marquis  de  Bouille,  he  fays, 
<*  Th^  great  Frederick  himfelf  confiiked 
the  conjuring  irilg\  and  Gudavus,  of 
Sweden,  his  nephew,  wis  not  without 
this  iiipexHition ;  a  few  days  before  he 
fct  out  for  the  Diet  at  Gefle,  he  went  to 
confult  a  forccrels  named  HaiVliFon/* 
The  faft  thus  related  of  the  King -of 
Sweden  is  fufficiently  known  j  but  I 
ihall  be  much  obliged  to  any  of  your 
correfpondents  who  may  inform  me  what 
authority  the  Marquis  has  for  charging 
the  Prufltan  hero  with  this  weakneis. 
.  ..Y'MU-'St  EUDOR. 


TOU£  OF  ENGLANAr 

(CONTINUED.) 
Joamal  of  aTour  throogh  alnoft  erery  OMDtf 
in  England,  and  put  of  Wales,  by-Mr. 
John  Hocsman,  of  Corby ^  near  Car- 
iiile ;  who  was  engaged  to  make  the  Toar 
by  a  gentleman  of  diftin€bion,  for  the  pur- 
pofc  of  coUeding  authentic  information 
relative  to  the  ftaU  of  the  poor.  This 
Journal  comprifcs  an  account  of  the  gene- 
ral  appearance  of  the  country,  of  the  foil, 
furface,  buildings,  ^rc.  with  obferratioin 
agricultural,  commercial,  dtc 

AUGUST  13.  Wolveriiampton  to 
Sutton  Colefield  in  Warwickihift, 
12  miles.  The  foil  chiefly  cby,  and  a 
heavy  fouriih  earth.  I  obfer^ed  ibnie 
good  wheat,  for  which  grain  moft  of  de 
foil  i$  very  fuitable.  The  furface  levd 
till  within  a  few  miles  of  Satton  Coicfield, 
where  fome  eafy  rifing  grounds  va  met 
with.  The  country  populous ;  I  paflcd  fe- 
veral  villager  inhabited  moftly  by  iron  ma  • 
nu^i^urers.  A  Httle  way  from  Sutton  I 
croiTed  a  barren  common,  almoft  wholly  co- 
vered with  heath,  and  of  thi^e  miles  in  ex- 
tent—a  number  of  bad  oak  and  afh  trees 
grow  on  the  hedges.  Near  Sutton  there  is  a 
park  of  5000  acres,  a  great  part  of  which 
IS  covered  with  wood.  Farms  in  tkis  dif- 
tri^  are  generally  fmall,  and  the  country, 
particularly  towards  Sutton,  is  open. 
Sutton  Colefield  is  a  fmall,  but  extremely 
neat,  (^eafant,  and  clean  market  town^ 
and  the  furrounding  country  1%  equally 
pleafing ;  near  the  tovim  I  faw  a  field  of 
oats  cut.  Harveft  not  fo  forward  as  I  ez« 
{>eAed  to  find  it  in  thefe  parts  :  this  only 
the  fecond  inftance  I  have  feen  of  its  com- 
mencement. 

Auguft  1 5.  Sutton  Colefield  to  Litcb- 
field  in  Staffordfhii'e,  Similes.  Soil  light 
and  gravelly,  and  produces  much  barley, 
clover,  and  turnips.  Surface  unlevel  and 
in'egular^  the  Country  open,  except  to- 
wards Litchfu'ld,  where  tne  earth  is  flat, 
and  the  views  moi-e  confined,  but  is  a 
pretty  countiy.  In  this  diflria,.  fevcral 
fields  of  barley  and  oat;  ai-e  cut.  Litch- 
field is  a  fmall,  pleafantly  fituated  city, 
containing  three  pariih  churches,  and 
about  3,500  inhabitants.  The  datbedral 
is  a  remarkably  fine  flru£hire ;  the  high 
fpires  at  the  weft  end  arc  now  uiidei*  re- 
pair. A  fmall  river  runs  through  part 
of  the  town,  and.  pietty  walks  are  fbrined 
by  the  fides  of  it,  through  beautiful  mea- 
dows. The  fields  i^i  the  vicinity  of 
Litchfield  are  fmall^  and  very  fertile,  and 
the  hedges  neat.  This  town,  is  <ennrk* 
able  for  having  given  birth  to  two  emi- 
nent mcDj  viz,  the  late  pt.  JoSmToo^  and 

Mr. 


Mr.  Houfmah*5Tour,.,.Lei€eJIerJhiri,...fforthamptonJhtre.        ICfi 


Mr.  OaftTick.  the  comedian.  StafFord- 
flwre  ii  noted  for  its  potteries  of  coaifc 
earthert^^rart  5  thcfei  however,  are  ef- 
taSliiked  fnrther  noith  than  I  have  been  : 
dio&  ports  of  the  country  which  I  tra- 
velled thorough  are  pleafant,  the  foil  ge- 
nerally rather  dry  than  otherwife^  and 
the  furface  even ;  m  fome  parts,  the  prof- 
pe5ls  are  all  clofed  up  with  trees  and  nigh 
hedges.  Farms  are  imall  in  general,  but 
I  h«ud  of  ibme  as  high  as  loool.  a  year, 
and  their  fizc  is  annu^y  increafing^hich 
circumftance  is  much  complained  of  by 
the  finall  farmers.  ^  The  common  rent  is 
about  il.  per  acre. 

Auguft  ao.  I  left  Litchfield  and  went 
to  Aihby-de-la-Zou^h  in  Leicefterihire, 
x;  miles.  Soil  light,  and  very  fuitable 
for  turnips,  barley,  &c.  to  the  produc- 
tion of  wtuch  it  is  much  applied :  the  fur- 
face  pretty  level ;  fine  hedges,  and  a  great 
number  of  trees  thereon,  particularly 
oak  and  afli»  and  the  country  in  general 
is  veiy  pleafant.  Here  I  (hall  juli  remark 
to  the  north  country  farmer,  that  I  do 
not  remember  feeing  what  he  calls  a  dtad 
biJge  in  any  part  of  the  fouth  of  Eng- 
land; every  hedge  is  planted  with  fome- 
thing  or  oUier,  which,  with  a  veiy little  - 
repairs,  is  a  continual  good  fence,  a  eir- 
CTimftance  which  ought  to  be  more  at- 
tended to  in  the  northern  counties  ;  grow- 
ing hedges  contribute  much  tr«wards  foft- 
enin^  the  iharpnefs  of  the  air.  In  this 
diftnft  I  again  have  the  oleafure  of  fee- 
ing the  beautiful  and  prontable  Leicefter- 
ibire  breed  of  iheepy  feeding  on  luxuriant 
pafturage  m  pretty  fields,  a  fight  more 
truly  pkafing,  in  my  opinion,  than  all 
the  fplendour  the  metropolis  can  afford. 
Aihby  is  a  fmall  market  town,  and 
is  ittKabited  by  farmeirs,  common  tradef- 
men,  and  manufafturers  of  ftockings  and 
bats ;  the  country  around  it  is  fomewhat 
uneven,  rather  open,  much  in  pafture, 
and,  upon  the  whole,  very  agreeable. 
Farms  from  40I.  to  300I.  a  year,  but 
moilly  50I.  to  9ol.  Rent  of  land  xl.  to 
il.  los.  per  acre. 

Auguft  *o.  Aihby-de-la-Zouch  to 
Lciceftcr,  x;  miles.  The  foil  generally 
a  ftrong  clayey  loam;  land  much  in  pal^ 
ture,  and  grazed  by  ^eep  and  cattle  of 
the  improved  breeds.  T  crofied  a  long 
range  of  rocky  hills,  fome  parts  of  which 
are  rather  mountainous ;  the  rocks  are 
bard,  and  of  a  blueidi  ca(!.  This  fcene 
reminds  me  of  Cumberland  and  Weft- 
morcland.'  Approaching  Leicefter  on  this 
road,  the  town  appears  all  at  once  from  a 
fmaJl^eminence,  at  one  inile  and  a  half 
Mimi  ^  i^'*  a'piTtty  «fpea,    The 


five  churches,  of.  which  three  have&ires»  . 
are  prominent  features :  the  town  nas  a 
modem  afpefl,  ftands  on  a  fertile  plain^  ■ 
is  built  with  brick,  and  covered  with  tile, 
which  tinges  the  whole  with  a  red  colour* 
The  population  of  Leiceftei*  is  about 
15,000  inhabitants;  moft  of  the  iireets 
are  narrow  and  dirty ;  but  the  market^  • 
place  is  remai'kably  large,  and  well  fup- 
plied  with  butcher^s  meat  and  vegetables 
of  all/orts ;  the  former  is  the  iatteli  and 
heft  I  ever  faw,  which'indeed  is  not  won-> 
derful  to  thofe  who  have  Ceen  the  fine 
paftures  and  fuperior  fheep  and  cattle  of 
this  country.  The  principal  manufac- 
ture of  this  town  is  that  of  worfted  ftock- 
ings. 

Auguft  24.  .  Went  from  Leicefter  to 
Xibworth-Beauchamp,  in  Leicefterftiire* 
9  miles.  Roads  in  this^  and  laft  day's 
journey,  neither  very»good  nor  very  bad, 
but  muft,  I  prefume,  be  rather  unplea- 
Jant  in  winter.  The  foil  a  clay,  or  lo'ong 
deep  loam,  and  peculiarly  fertile  in  |:rafs, 
to  tne  production  of  which  it  is  cniefiy 
applied.  This  country  was  almoft  wholly 
in  common  fields  30  or  40  forty  years 
ago,  but  BOW  nearly  all  inclofed  :  it  was 
then  conftantly  cropped  with  com,  as  is 
ufual  in  that' cafe;  but  fince  inclofing^ 
the  formers  have  i*un  into  the  contrary 
extreme,  and  now  very  little  com  is 
grown .  The  luxuriancy  of  the  pafturage 
IS  beyond  any  thing  I  ever  faw,  and  well 
ftocked  with  the  fineft  animals.  I  took 
a  pleafant  walk  to  feveral  villages  on  dif- 
ferent fides  of  this  place,  and  uafled 
through  many  fine  grazing  farms  ot  large 
extent,  fome  of  which  are  occuoied  by 
gentlemen  farmers  at  a  great  diftancec 
this,  as  well  as  changing  the  corn  for  the 
grazing  fyftem,  is  much  complained  of 
by  the  lower  orders  of  people.  Kibworth- 
Beauchamp  is  a  pretty  tarming  village; 
the  furrounding  country  is  beautifully 
uneven,  but  the  floping  gi-ounds  have  no 
rapid  afcents  or  defcen ts .  A  few  trees  oxi 
hedges,  and  here  and  there  a  final!  plan- 
tation ;  thefe,  added  tu  the  large  pafture- 
fields  inclining  to  different  dircdlions,  and 
depaftured  with  ftieep  and  cattle  beauti* 
fully  fpotted  with  red  amd  white,  gives 
the  whole  country  the  air  of  one  great 
park.  Size  of  farms,  lol.  to  30*1.  a  year, 
average  about  lool.  Rent  to  to  aSs.  per 
acre.  About  the  yenr  1 780,  *3,6op  acres 
were  inclofed  here,  when  the  r^Stor  was 
allowed,  and  accepted,  one  fcventh  part  of 
the  inclofiire  in  lieu  of  tiehes. 

Auguft  «8.  Kibworth'Beauchsmp  to 
Bny^rSrthinN^rthamptonfhire,  17  miles. 
The  roads  pretty  good,  and  for  10  pr  ta 

miles 


i 


zp8* 


JtaSmtUttraturu 


iniktmfl  throi^  %  fiat  gmua^cMio** 
try)  tncAirfacersitlMruiievsaii  tttetou*. 
loatntt  an  badge  mws,  but jpcmit  4iftant 
obj«ft«  tp  be  tei  fVomeaiy  rifiitf  grvuodsi 
theibUafort^ckyi  sad  cattle  «s  before 
4d«ribed.  Towards  Briinforth  the  foil 
la  VBore  light,  and  the  plow  has  iQom 
fmploy  i  good  cix>pt  of  turnips  appear» 
aiM  the  people  bufy  getting  in  fine  Wley 
and  oats.     In  all  the  dSlri^  I   hare' 

rifled  fi&ce  the  commencement  of  harveft, 
have  obierved,  that  barley  and  oats  are 
cut  with  the  fcythe,  afterwards  turned 
with  rakes,  then  put  inio  finall  cocks> 
and  when  fufficientlydxy,  carted  home, 
and  ftacked  in  that  loole  ftate ;  by  that 
method  muchcxpence'in  reaping  is  favtd, 
and  both  corn  and  ftraw  got  better  oiFthe 
ground;  and  I  can  iee  no  reafon  why 
aorth  country  farmers  ihould  not  adopt 
it ;  but,  fuch  is  the  force  of  cuftom  and 
Brqjudice,  that  it  will  wobably  be  a  very 
losff  time,  befbbe  diat  judicious  pni6ktce 
finds  its  way  to  Wefbnorelaad  and  Cum- 
berlandt  Brixworth  is  a  farming  viliaee, 
•  and  what  is  ibmewhat  fingular,  it  wholiv 
fnconmalSes  a  gentlemaaU  ijwt,  (whote 
aame  t  have  forgot)  gacdens^  pleafure- 
orounds,  &c^  which  afe  extenuve,  and 
Siat  without  the  Wilagers*  being  able  to 
overlook  any  part  of  tlM  gentkman^s  pre* 
ihjies.  Hete  I  lodged  at  the  houfe  of  an 
lumeft'YorkfliireRuui,  whefecmed  to  pre- 
fer this  coumy  to  hit  own.  In  diflef- 
,imt  parts  of  nay  ^ur,  I  frequently  heavd 
pf  tiorth  country  pirates  and  excifemen, 
fuid  in  J/mdoh,  the  compcing-houfes  ai% 
inuch  fupplied  with  ^untry  lads  from 
HCumberlapd  and  Welbnorelaad,  who  ex- 
ffaangetfae  plow  and  fiai]  for  Ae  pen, 
fad  prove  as  expmwith  the  one  as  the 
other^  )y  heth«r  it  be  owing  to  the  keen 
and  pure  air  of  thefe  counties,  vhkh 
jihaipens  the  genius  of  their  inhabitants^ 
or  ^  the  eafe  and  fmall  ezpence  with 
Vvbich  education  is  acquired  there,  or  to 
what  other  cau(e  we  ought  to  attribute 
the  fuporior  arithmetical  and  literary 
Jmowledge,  8cc.  obierinib|e  in  the  mid- 
ling  and  knrer  clafles  m  the  north,  I  ihaJl 
toot/tttempt  to  determine  $  howe<ver,  the 
'  fiBi^  in  my  opinion,  is  imlsfpvtable. 

.',   J9f  lit  MptitUjf  Mt^aziae» 
Ma.  £dito&, 

TO  compleat  the  feriea  of  miy  CtniU 
ments  on  Italian  Literature,  J  <^ow 
pnvpofc  to  lay  before  y9i|r..^6a4crs,  a 
fmm^y  view  of  tb^  h^  wri^SM  of  the 


I  Audi  ia&n  here  the  former  pait  of  my 

obiervatioiw,  and  reierre  for  a  Ibturt 
Number  d  your  Magazine,  the  ktftr 
part» 

So  great  ia  the  number  of  Italian  wn- 
tfrs  upon  all  fubje&s,  that  a  foreigntr, 
who  wifliea  to  acquire  a  knowled^ot 
the  tongue,  is  cxpofed  to  thehaaardof 
making  a  bad  choice,  and  tO'cntertaiB, 
of  courfe,  the  moft  France  pr^udices 
againft    the    books  and  Uieir  writeri« 
The  notice  of  fuch  authors  as  have  oh* 
tained  the  approbation  of  all  ages  and 
countries,    would  be  fuperfluous;    tb« 
names  of  I>ante,  Petrarca,  Ariofto,Taflb, 
Guarini,  Taflbni,  and  Sannazaro,  Ipeak- 
ine  fufficiently  for  them&lves,  aa  beyond 
all  cenfure  or  {iraife.    My  intention  is 
only  to  give  my  ideas  concerning  fuch  as 
are  wellknown  in  the  republic  of  letters, 
but  whole  merit  has  not  been  aa  ytft  a- 
a£llv  appreciated.      In   this    review  I 
ihall  moreover  limit  myfelf  to  fuch  writ* 
ers  as  are  of  a  general  tntenttft,  htfto- 
rians,  philologies,  poeu.  Sec.  and  ke 
fufficient  reafons,  I  flull  take  no  notice 
of  any  of  the  prefent  century,  which  is 
the  true  term  from  vi^ich  the  decay  of 
the  language  has  con;imcnced. 

Momignor  Delia  Cafa,  it,  in  my  opi« 
nion,  the  moft  truly  correft  and  ef^int 
of  aU  the  Italian  writers.  His  works 
mav  be  confidered  as  a  model  of  what  is 
called  the  dtdaSU^.  He  waa  anh- 
bifhop  of  JBcatvento  in  the  kingdom  of 
Naples,  and  one  of  the  greateft  men  in 
the  eolden  age  of  learning.  He  pub- 
lifhed,  among  other  things,  two  tnefti* 
mable  traas  on  the  <<  Cm&lus  tfttfe^^ 
produ5lions  which  mufl  endure  till  die 
final  diflblution  of  fociety.  One  of  them 
is  entitled,  '<  GalaUoi'*  and  contains 
precepts  on  the  manners  of  common  Soci- 
ety s  the  other,  intitl^i,  «  J,  TrMife  m 
Common  DutieXf''  teaches  how  to  behave 
in  the  relations  connected  with  fuperinr 
or  inferior  acquaintances. 
.  A  rival  to'^tne  **GaLste$^*U  the  "  Ortf- 
giam^  w  Aitow^i^bed  Gatikmam,^''  of 
Count  Balthaflar  Oaft^liope,  aMantaaa. 
---That  nobleman  was  bred  in  the  iplenh 
did  court  of  the  duket  <}f  Urbmo,  and 
was  well  qualified,  ,in  cverjE'lenre  of  the 
word,  to  write  on  the  duties  of  eourtien*' 
His  ftyle  is  fpiightlyv  elegant,  Jiatoial, 
and  eafy. .  By  the  .Italians,  the  **  Ctr^ 
1^fm9*'i%tM&ad.' maiden h&okt  aqdifar<r. 
tainly  tbp  epilfhet  is  applied.  jid^gr.x:    .   - 

Cardinal .  -Bembo^ :  a .  Ven^iaS,  Mcaa.  la 
the  court  of  iLeo.iX^  ^tAat:^  jvaaaDnr  tl- 
Ji^ioHf  a{ft«heJ4«idlaftMr»9ai|'  ^< 


ft/iHiifr  "liitttahtfi* 


109 


ti  Aigwfciit.  Kft  if  «ttf^  oi  tboftjndip. 
have  ddcrvci  tke  beft^^fitaliui  liters 
tunr.  Hi«  ftyle  is  adminble  &r  the 
oqutfite  choice  (d  words.  Hr  laxesfur* 
abte»  howeyer,  for  having  conformed  too 
miicli,  hjf.  a  fort  of  violence*  to  the 
genius  ot  the  X«atiQ  to&g;ue )  herein  i\ir- 
nilhing  a  bad  precedent  to  the  greater 
part  of  iiis  cotemporaries. 

However  sreat  be  the  progrefs  of  phi- 
kipphj',  and  the  exa£k  fciences  in  other 
parts  of  Eoropei  and  in  fpite  of  the  pre- 
U3it  decay  of  Italy  in  hiftory  and  poetiy, 
tbe  fuperiority  of  the  Italians  in  niilory 
cannot  be  called  in  queftioB.  Whatis£dll 
more  remarkable  is,  that  the  beft  and 
greateft  of  thoie  hiftorians  are  per&£Uy 
pure  and  el^;ant  writen.  Among  theie, 
Guicciandtni  and  Machiavel  take  tSe  lead. 
If  the  fcieoces  could  be  appreciated  by  the 
judgment  of  men»  like  wxndcs  of  imaffina* 
tion,  more  diipotes  would  haire  been  iart< 


cd  in  Italy  concerning  thfrxcfjyftive  me* 
rits  of  thde  two  great  political  writers, 
than  coDceming  the  poetical  faperiority  of 
Taflband  Ariofto.  Both  Guicciacdini  and 
Machiavel  aceibvereigns  in  the  fubje^ls  of 
hiftory  and  poUtics;  and  the  dimity  of 
their  ftyle  is  eoual  to  their  lentiments  : 
it  has  been  objeacd»  however,  to  Guic- 
ciaxdinit  that  he  is  often  too  diyffuie  j  and 
to  Macbiavdy  that  he  has  ibmetimes 
ihunbled  in  points  of  gcammar. 

In  die  next  rank  to  Guicciardtni  is 
Bentivoglio.    This  excellent   hiftorian 
was  a  cardinal,  and  had  fbrmerly  been 
paupal  nuncio  at  Paris.     He  wrote  the 
Jii&ory  of  the  memorable  war  of  the  Ne- 
therlands,  under  Philip  II«  of  €pain. 
Jiis  ftyk  is  natural,   eafy,  pure,  and 
xonciie.    JDavila,  Nani,  axid  efpeciaiiy 
Panita,  are  not  at  all  inferior  to  fienti- 
▼oi^lio.   The  various  iiiftories  of  Davan- 
fati,  and,  above  all,  histranllation  of  Ta- 
citus, aie,  however,  in  my  opinion,  the  beft 
calculated  to  give  an  advantageous  idea 
of  the  Italian  language  to  foreigners. 
It  has  been  often  obje£&d  to  this  tongue, 
that  it  is  diffufe  and  imbecile  :  to  avert 
this  reproach,  J>avaniati  undertook  to 
tranllate  into  it  the  moft  fententious  wri- 
ter of  aatiquity,  and  eviCn  to  perform 
the  taik  witka  fewev number  of^ words. 
His  ftyle.istliere&re.ftrong  and  pregnant 
with  idea  Jike  the  original  t  nor  need  any 
higher  encomium  be  pafTed  upon  him 
than  to  iay,  .that  i^.  4^ Alembert,  aU 
lovedtob^tiK  oiaft  coociit  of  all  the 
modem  «ritea,.  ^has  not  been  able  to 
tanflate  Xai^taisAvitU  moie.preci£on. 
Tbeiittdianphilolog^  of  the  grtat- 


Masio*.  aM  JSt&i^  r  aU  of  ^nhoni.Jbairit 
greatly  c^tributed  to  the  perioftioa 
of  the  language.  Their  writings  fur- 
niih  alike  both  precept  and  examplf. 
Varchi,  a  learned  man  of  the  firA  WA^. 
aence,  was  bom  in  Fioreuce,  in  the  jtUL 
t|oa.  His  principal  work  is  the.hi^Qry 
of  his  CQuhtry  during  the  Jail  revolu* 
tions  of  the  republican  govennment* 
Next  to  Uiis  is  tbe  *<  Erci&mi^  which. 
treats  Wholly  of  language.  No  onft 
ever  expreifed  in  Italian  a  philolbphisal 
thought  better  than  this  eie^t  pbilo- 
logar.  Caftelvetro  was  born  m  Modena, 
in  the  year  1505,  and  is  celebrated  for 
his  <<  Art  ofPoety,^^  Musio,  a  Paduan* 
was  bom  in  14(0;  he  left  a  number  of 
works,  one  of  which  is  entitled  «<  Strugs 
gUj  itt  bebalfqf  tbe  UoUah  langu^gf»** 
Beni  was  born  in  1552,  and  was  fgoGtC* 
for  of  the  belUg  kttres  in  ^adua.  He 
wrote  a  book  called  <<  VAn&crufca^* 
containing  judicious  critiques  on  the  an« 
cient  Tulcan  writers. 

The  Italians  have  not  excelled  in  po« 
litical  declamation,  nor  tn  bar  doquence* 
In  pulpit  eloquence,  however,  Father 
Segnen,  a  Te^it,  is  not  ikiferior  to  Ma(V 
iiilon  or  Tillotfon.  He  pofl^fles  a  ftroi^ 
and  insinuating  ebcution,  and  has  car« 
cied  the  Italian  language  to  its  hidieft 
pitch  of  energy.  iSjt  was  bora  in  Net- 
tuno,  near  Rome,  in  1694. 

Foreignei's  who  cultivate  Italian  fhoulcl, 
betbre  theyentei*  on  the  ftiuiy  of  the  claf* 
fical  poets,  ip&^  themfelves  ^miliar 
with  two  of  them,  whole  writinn 
breathe  the  true  eenius  of  poetry,  witA« 
out'theJiclp  pf  rtiyme,  figures,  or  com- 
mon topics.  I  mean  Alamanni  and 
Marchetti.  Alamanni  wrote  an  excellent 
poem  <'  On  Hufiandryi"  which  has  beea 
compared  to  Vircil's  **  Georgics.'^  Al- 
though he  falls  mort  of  this  comparifon*  . 
it  is  certain,  that  he  has  gained  immortal 
honour  in  liaving  been  the  firfk  to  employ 
the  graces  of  poetry  on  dida^lic  fubj<r£lv 
and  to  refcue  poetry  itfelf  from  the  thraU 
dom  of  rhyme.  Marchetti  as,  no  douht» 
the  beft  Italian  tranflator  extant.  la 
■many  paflages  he  has  furpalTed  the  Latin 
original  of  Xucretius  :  be  fides  this  merity 
he  will  be  ever  dear  to  the  Italians  6xr 
having  given  to  blank  verfe  all  the  ma* 
jefty  of  poetry. 

Lo/ubn.  J\  Daiuami* 

ToibeMtnofibfUotahfyMt^fodjUi- 

SIR, 

UPON  fiHt  opening  th«  thitd  vohflne 
6f  thi  <^  IranfiSifffts  tfthi  Lhmmam 
^«^/*  i  WHS  much  gratified  by  ob- 

^Ving 


no 


On  the  Language  of  Natural  Hlftory. 


ierving  a  treatife  on  the  Latin  termi  uicd 
in  Natui-al  Hiltoiy  j  in  which  I  expelled 
to  find  a  mafterly  difplay  of  the  dcfedlt 
of  the  language  ufed  in  defcribing  the 
diverfified  prndufiions  of  nature;  but 
was  extremely  pained  in  finding  myfelf 
not  only  difappointed  in  my  ex{Me6lation» 
but  in  being  abfolutely  at  a  loik  to  com. 
frehend  the  end  and  aim  of  Mr.  Brand 

(the  author)  in  his  erudite  diflertation.     ^  , ^ 

The  harlhnefs  and  obfcurity  of  the  Latin  tory  are  incumbered,  by  annihilating 
terms  ufed  in  natural  hiftory  have  been  the  diverfity  of  Engliih  terms  now  ufd 
long  vei-y  juftly  and  fevcrely  cenfufed ;  by  different  writers  to  represent  the  Tainc 
nor  have  the  tranOations  of  them  in  our  Latin  one.  Another  difficulty  attend- 
language  been  lefs  diiapprovcd.  As  the  ing  the  ftudy'of  natural  hiftory  arifes 
Jtttempts  hitherto  made  to  improve  and"  from  the  obfcwrity  of  the  terms  ufed, 
familiarize  theie  terms  do  not  appear  to  which  are  frequently  the  moft  obfolete 
have  aided   the  promotion  of  the  very  "  ' 


and  whatever  the  refult  of  their  commu-' 
nication  (hould  be,  at  leaft  produce  an 
Ufdform  language.  This  would  he  ef. 
fefted  by  laying  down  certain  fixed  Dria- 
ciples  or  data,  according  to  wfaicn  all 
the  Latin  terms  fhould  be  tranilated{ 
and  if  even  this  fhould  not  be  a  perfcji 
tranHation^  it  would  nevcrthelefs  lelTen 
the  confufion  and  difficulties  with  which 
the  elementary  principles  of  natural  hif. 


important  dejideratum^  a  pure,  claffical, 
mnd  chafte  language  of  natural  hiftory* 
I  fhall  endeavour,  >  in  the  following  cur- 
fory  remarks  upon  this  interefting  fub- 
jeft,  to  fhew  the  defects  of  our  pi-efent 
Engliih  terms,  and^the  inconvenience 
necefikrily  ariiing  from  them ;  and  thence 
deduce  the  propriety  of  reforming  them, 
together  with  the  principles  upon  which 
fuch  a  reform  fhould  be  confh*u£led.  In 
this  view  I  fhall  wave  any  further  notice 
of  Mr.  Brandos  treatife,  it  being,  to  the 
.  beft  of  my  judgment,  though  profefledly 
wi^itten  on  the  fame  fubjea,  foreign  to 
my  purpofe. 

Many  of  our  moft  enlightened  natu- 
ralifts  have  laboured  toefhiblifh  a  verna- 
cular language  of  natural  hiftory ;  par- 
ticularly in  the  fcience  of  botany  j  but 
moft  of  them  have  loft  fight  of  the  gi'eat 
end  intended  by  a  tranuation,  viz.  the 
adapting  the  terms  to  the  capacity  of 
unleii-ned  and  female  fhidents,  either  by 
adhering  too  cloiely  to  the  original  Lin- 
n«an  obfcure  language,  or  by  deviating 
too  far  from  it,  in  introducing  tertns 
not  rcprefentinff  the  ideas  they  fhould 
convey.  Subjefted  to  the  former  error  are  ' 
ProfeflbrMARTYN's  and  theLitchfieldSo- 
ciety's  anglicized  tcimsj  while  under  the 
latter  error  Dr.WiTHERiNG*s  very  crude 
language  particularly  falls  •.  If  an  af- 
fcmblagc  of  experienced  natural ifts  were 
to  convene,  for  the  purpofe  of  eftablifti- 
ing  a  ftandard  language,  the  interchange 
of^heir  different  ideas  upon  the  fubjeS, 
would  certainly  accelerate  fuch  a  defign, 

*  It  will  be  eafily  conceived,  that  this 
cenfure  more  parttcuhrly  ftrikes  at  Dr. 
Wi  T  H  E  R I K  c)*8  terms,  i  n  the  ad  edition  of  his 
*•  Botanical  Arfongtmemt^''  he  biviog  io  his 
laft  edition  of  that  vsllhable  work,  much  im- 
proved  upon  his  language,  though  ftlU  very 


and  barbarous'  that  could  be  collef^ed. 
I  fee  no  reafon  myfelf,  why  the  fcience 
of  natural  hiftory,  in  all  or  anv  of  iti 
departments,  may  not,  like  others,  be 
as  effe£iually  ftudied  and  clearly  under- 
ftood  in  language  purely  indigraous,  u 
in  foreign  or  naturalized  terms.  That 
the  productions  of  nature  may  be  as  fully 
illuftrated .  as  any  other  more  popular 
fubjeft,  in  the  common  way,  and  yet  at 
the  fame  time  in  a  fcientinc  manner,  it 
evident  from  a  very  elegant  and  inftruc- 
tive  publication,  intitukd,  «<  T&  ^tf/«- 
raBp^s  Mifcettanyy^^  in  which,  to  the  ac- 
curacy of  a  complete  naturalift,  the 
learned  author  (Dr.  Shaw)  unites  the 
perfpicuity  of  a  chafte  and  claflical  writerj 
— and  that  his  work  may  be  more  ex- 
tenfively  ufeful  in  foreign  countries,  cor- 
refponding  Latin  defcriptions  are  an- 
nexed to  the  Englifh  ones,  which  may  be 
held  forth  as  fpecimehs  of  Latinity  not 
often  equalled  by  modem  writers  of  the 
higheft  claffical  reputation,  and  certainly 
unrivalled  by  any  cotemporary  naturalift. 
To  a  perfon  habituated  to  the  perufal  of 
the  Roman  authors,  nothing  can  be  more 
grating  than  the  unharmonioiis  language 
of  Linnaus,  and  thofe  writers  who  hare 
followed  his  juftly  admired  fyftem;  and 
I  muft  candidly  acknowledge,  that  I  de- 
rive greater  fatisfaftion  mm  the  hm- 
guage  of  Bauhin  or  Ray,  than  from  the 
moft  favourite  produftions  of  the  iHuf- 
trious  Swede  J  and  often  regret,  that 
while  he  fo  fuccefsfully  laboured  in  efta- 
blifhing  the  luctdus  or  do  in  the  fcience  of 
natural  hiftory,  he  fhould  have  intro- 
duced a  language  fo  highly  repugnant  io 
that  purity  and  enetgy  which  pervade 
the  produftions  of  the  beft  daflical  writ- 
ers. Surely  the  dignity  or  the  excellence 
of  a  fcience  cannot  confift  m  being  cloth- 
ed in  a  phrafcology  foreign  to  every  lai'- 
guage,  and  confe^ucntly  to  flie1?xcluli« 

of 


Remaths  on  Bngfaviytg  on  Wood* 


txi 


of  eroT  one  who  has  not  time  aod  abili- 
ties to  ftuJ^  and  comprehend  fo  hetero- 
geneous a  jargon. 

Whilft  the  prefent  rage  for  fyftematic 
reform  through  the  regions  of  na^re 
Ms,  I  could  wifli  the  numerous  and  in^- 
telligtnt  reformifts  would  dii^6^  their  at- 
tention awhile  fi-om  the  claiBfication  to 
the  language  of  natural  hrftory.  Here 
an  ampk  field  i&  open  for  their  exertions, 
and  1  am  confident  that  their  well-di- 
re£led  lahourc  would  be  crowned  with 
the  happieft  fuccefsy  both  in  clearing  the 
path  to  the  fludy  of  nature  of  its  great- 
eft  incumbrance,  and  in  enfuring  their 
fame  by  the  gratitude  of  all  who  now 
groan  under  the  weight  of  ^e  barbarous 
phrafeology.with  which  the  fubiime  and 
important  fcience  of  natural  hiftory  in 
dl'iU  departments  is  embarrafTed.  ' 
Yours,  &c. 

Feb.Sy  1798.  R.H.N. 

Tf  tbe-EStor  nfthe  Monthly  Magazine. 

SIR,       • 

B£WICK*s  Birds  lately  publilhed, 
fuggcfted  to  my  mind  iome  ideas  on 
the fubjea of  enfiravingon  wood,  which 
I  beg  leave  to  fubmit  to  your  confidera- 
tion.  ^  If  you  ihall  think  tnem  deferving  a 
place  in  your  ufeful  Magazine,  they  are 
entirely  at  your  (ervice. 

The  mode  of  engraving  on  wood,  as 
pra£Ufed  by  the  firft  difcoverers  of  that 
ut,  was  extremely  different  from  that 
which  is  now  followed  by  the  Bewicks, 
and  fome  other  artifts  in  Britain.  The 
excellence  of  the  old  engravings  confifted 
in  the  general  corre£(nefs  of  the  drawing, 
and  the  fpirited  boldncfs  of  fome  rough 
touches,  which  gave  energy  to  the  defign, 
but  the  manner  vtras  hard  and  dry ;  nor 
does  it  feem  to  have  been  even  fufpefled 
at  that  time,  that  it  was  pofUble  to  pro- 
duce a  full  deep  and  mellow  fhade  on  a 
wood-cut,  though  it  is  now  found  that 
this  can  be  better  efFe£kcd  by  an  engrav- 
ing on  wood  than  by  any  other  mode  of 
engraving  that  has  hitherto  been  adopted, 
whether  it  is  equally  capable  of  produc- 
ing that  mellow  foftnefs  in  the  lighter 
tints,  which  can  cafily  be  effefted  on 
copper,  is  Aiil  a  matter  of  doubt,  though, 
if  I  were  to  judge  from  Ibmc  fpccimcns 
I  have  recn,of  the  performance  of  a  young 
artift,  whof^  name  is  not  yet  known  to 
the  public,  I  fhould  be  inclined  to  believe 
that  it  might,  evph  in  this  refpcft  alfo, 
be  brought  to  rival  that  on  copper  itfelf. 
But  ofth|s  I  wlfli  to  fpeak  at  prefent  with 
diffidence,  being  confcious  that  the  pub- 
lic muft  jlotibt'  m  rcjgard  to  thofc  things 
tliey  hire  SK?vifir  fecn,  ^      ' 


.  Hitherta  the  only  fpeclmens  of^  modem 
engravings  on  wood  that  have  been  of- 
fered to  the  public,  have  been  upon  a 
fmall  fcalej  probably,  becaufeof  the  dif- 
ficulty  of  finding  wood  of  a  large  enough 
fize  fit  for  the  purpofe,  for  I  am  informed, 
ourmodeinarbids  ufe  only  box-wood.  But 
finora  what  I  have  feen  of  wood  engraving* 
of  late,  I  fhould  fuppofe,  tVat,  confidered 
as  iifiae  art,  it  was  much  better  adapted 
for  producing  a  grand  effet5l  in  large  worka 
than  in  fmall  things,  becaufe  it  admits  of 
a  rich  fulhiefs  of  ihade,  a  mellow  foftnefa 
in  their  gradations,,  and  a  great  ^ngth 
of  touch,  which  can  be  effected  in  no  otner 
mode  that  hath  ever  yet  been  attempted. 
But,  as  I  am  no  arrift  myielf,  I  thn^ 
out  this  hint  merely  for  the  confideration 
of  others,  without  pretending'to  decide. 

Itis>  however,  as  anii/^  rather  than 
zfofe  art,  that  I  think  the  chief  value  of 
this  invention  confills.  It  is  well  known, 
that  where  many  copies  of  a  book  with . 
prints  are  fold,  theexpence  of  taking  off 
the  impreffions  on  copper  greatly  enhances 
the  price;  and  engravings  on  copper  are 
fo  quickly  effaced,  that  the  beauty  of 
every  delicate  touch  is  fenfibly  dinunifh«l 
almofl  by  every  imprefUon  that  is  taken 
of  it:  and  even  the  ibrongefl  engravings 
that  can  be  made  upon  copper^  are  foon 
worn  down^  fb  as  to  require  to  be  re- 
touched feveral  times,  before  a  numerous 
impreflion  can  be  worked  off".  I  need  not 
add,  that  after  eve/v  fuch  retouching,  the 
impreflions  are  mucn  inferior  to  what  they 
were  before  the  fomr/cr  engraving  was 
worn  down.  In  this  way,  the  value  of 
different  copies  of  the  fame  impreffion  <rf 
the  books  mufi  be  greatly  altered,  though 
all  mufl  be  fold  at  the  fame  price;.  In  re- 
gard to  engravings  pn  wood,  the  cafe  is 
very  ^different.  I  have  been  affiued,  on 
the-  bell  authority,  that  a  wood -cut, 
flrongiy  engraved,  if  it  gets  common  juf- 
tice  done  to  it,  will  not  be  fenfibly  worfe 
after  an  hundred  thoufand  impreflions 
have  been  taken  li-om  it,  aud  perhaps  ten 
times  that  quantity  may  be  taken  before 
it  has  received  fuch  injury  as  to  bring  it 
to  the  ftate  of  a  common  copper-plate, 
that  requires  to  be  retouched.  Add  to 
this,  that  the  expence  of  taking  off  the 
impreflions  will  not  be,  I  have  good  rea^ 
fon  to  believe,  tfiit  fiftieth  part  of  that  of 
copper-plate  engravings  of  the  fame  fize  j 
and  it  is  obvious,  that  the  diminution  of 
expence,  by  adoptipg  this  mode  of  engrav^- 
ing,  in  regard  to  works  of  extenfive  (ale, 
will  >be  amazing,  even  if  the  original  en- 
graving ihould  have  coft  the  fame  fum  as 
if  done  \^Qn  copper*   I  have  been  affured. 


tia 


Engrmtingm  W0od..^SlimUsfr§m  Homer* 


bcion,  and  oa  whole  aceurftcy  I  can  con- 
fidently rely,  that,  if  the  putts  for  the 
«'  Etrtyclopajia  Britaittdea"  had  been  en^ 
graven  on  wood  inftead  of  copper,  (and 
ihcy  could  have  been  done  much  better 
titaa  thofe  arc)  and  alkmine  the  ianie  ftnH 
lor  originally  engraving  tne  one  as  the 
Mher,  the  laving  on  each  ptetC|  for  one 
impii^fion  only  of  that  woxk,  y^<oiM  have 
eioteded  ten  gulneaa,  (6  that  the  total 
gam  to  die  prtiprietori  of  that  work, 
iFifing  from  thw  cincumftanoe  '  alone, 
would  have  exceededymr  tbttftmd gmnem 
OB  one  impnffion  only. 

From  thefe  eonfiderationa,  it  ieobvioot 
that  every  work  which  can  command  an 
axwnfive  fale,  and  which  requiret  to  be 
illaftrated  by  engravings,  yfxW  afford  a 
■luch  greater  profit  to  uie  undertaker  if 
theie  ait  eaoecutcd  on  wood  than  on  copper. 
And,  at  the  platet  can  femain  e<{ually 
flood  for  a  fecond,  a  third,  or  a  fourth 
Snpreffion,  as  for  the  firft,  it  will,  in  ibme 
^  neafure,  fecure  a  copyright  in  the  book, 
iMcauic  no  one,  who  has  to  pav  for  new 
angravings,  could  a^rd  to  fell  an  im« 
preilion  1o  cheap  ^s  he  could  do  who  ha< 
€heplatts  for  nothing. 

The  qucftion  then  comes  to  be.  What 
kind  of  works  of  general  utility  admit  of 
beine  ilhiftrated  by  engravings  on  wood 
•qualiy  well  as  it  they  were  done  upon 
copper  }  I  here  put  works  of  taflg  entirely 
cnit  of  the  queftion,  and  conbder  utility 
onlv. 

In  thii  point  of  view,  the  firft  place  in 
regard  to  importance  «ught,  perhapst,  to 
he  ailtgncd  to  anatom.  From  the  ^ci- 
■MIS  I  have  already  leen,  1  am  perR^tly 
latisfied  that  anatomical  plates  can  be  ex- 
ecuted on  wood  with  all  the  precifion 
K(Qbie  on  copper,  and,  in  fome  particu* 
's,  (efpecially  thofe  where  the  muUcIes 
•re  reprefented)  with  much  greater  ele 

rice  and  beauty.  A  fct  of  iuch  plates, 
executed^  from  accurate  dtfiens,  by 
loving  the^whdle  civilized  globe  ibr  a 
market,  (the  explanations  being  eafily 
printed  in  diftrcnt  languages)  could  b« 
afforded  at  a  very  low  price,  fo  as  to  bring 
them  within  the  reach  of  every  ftudezit  of 
fhyfic;  while  the  undertaker  would  be 
nnired  in  a  moft  abundant  profit. 

The  next  Aabje^Vof  general  importance 
it  dnbUednre.  Wood-engraving  is  pe- 
culiarly fittcd.to  produce  beautiful  works 
«f  this  clafs,  at  a  very  fhutU  expence. 

Heraldry  is  another  fubje£l  that  admits 
cf  being  illnftrated  by  wood-engravings 
with  iingular  propriety,  as  I  am  latisfied 
of  fifom  fome  fpccimess  of  thi«  fort  I 
I^Rve  lately  feen* 


of  every  fbrf,  may  thus  be  executed  wn 
the  greateft  accuracy  and  neatnefs; 

In  nahtnd  it/hfj,  the  fpecinicns  (hat 
Bewick  has  givim  in  his  bcaflsandbirdfi 
fliew  what  it  is  capable  of.  For  ddineat. 
ing  inlefls,  fhclls,  and  minerals,  it  is  per- 
hap<  yet  better  calculated  to  produce  a 
fine  ette6i  than  in  thofe  fpecimens  that 
have  been  ahrady  exhibited. 

I  will  not  take  up  more  of  your  paper 
b^  enumerating  a  mater  number  ot  jpar- 
tfctilars.  What  I  have  fiiid  will,  I  thmk, 
be  fuficient  to  prove,  that  the  art  of  oi- 
grtying  on  wood  promifes  to  be  of  much 
utility  to  mankmd  in  gei^eral,  by  dimi- 
nifhlnp  the  price  of  fome  works  <lf  pri- 
mary importance  to  fociety,  on  which  ac- 
count, it  defcrves  to  be  encouraged  and 
cultivated  with  affiduity. 

Jan.  I,  1798.  M.  M. 


far  the  Mwtthfy  Magm 
SiMtLBS  OF  Homer,  Vikgil,    A9x» 
Milton,  (cohtinubd.) 
FrmnmUBea/h. 

HOMER  abounds  in  fimilet  taken 
from  obfervation  of  the  various 
aAions  and  charaAo's  of  the  ferocious 
animals,  which,  in  the  ruder  fbtea  and 
paftoi-al  occupations  of  mankind,  mufi 
DC  objeAs  of  capital  importance.  Their 
encounters  with  each  other,  the  devafia- 
tions  they  occafion  among  the  domefiic 
kinds,  and  the  mutual  wamre  carried  on 
between  them  and  the  human  fpecies, 
cannot  fail  to  imprefs  the  mind  wi^  a 
variety  of  (biking  ideas.  The  appli- 
cation of  images,  borrowed  from  this 
fource,  to  the  circumf^ances  of  militair 
tranfaflions,  is  fo  obvious,  that  little 
ingenuity  is  to  be  looked  for  in  the  dif- 
covei*y  either  of  general  or  particular 
points  of  refemblance;  and  the  merit 
of  comparifons,  from  this  fource,  muft 
chiefly  confift  in  the  force  and  accuracy 
of  dd'cription.  The  Grecian  bard,  in 
thefe  relpefts,  is  certainly  unrivalkd: 
every  line  in  his  defcriptive  pieces  is  a 
proof  that  he  copied  fi'om  nature  herfclf; 
and  his  lucceflors  in  epic  poetry  have 
done  little  more  in  their  happieft  efforts, 
than  judicioufly  feledine,  and  adornii^ 
with  the  beauties  of  diAton,  the  various 
circumftances  with  which  he  had  fur- 
nifhed  them. 

Amidftthefimilesofthit  clafs,  thofe 
in  which  the  Lien  forma  the  principal 
figure  are  by  much  the  moft  frequent  in 
the  works  of  Komcr.  The  gencroui 
courage  and  ten*i&  force  of  tmi  nobk 

aniixxo 


Similfs  «f  Homer t  Firgil  and  Miltm: 


Vi 


*  ^Si&miiaiA  hint  peculiarly  proper 

•  for  '^(ispariroA  with  top  warriors  ot  an 
i^  of  heroes  ^  ivhei),  from .  th^  artificial 
modes  of  combat,  the  fti-cngth  an4  prpw- 
th  of  a  fingle  iiullyidual  became  emi- 
nently confpitcuous,  ^nd  were  of  g;reat 
moiqent  in  aeciding  the  event  of  a  battle. 
To  confider  every  example .  in  which  the 
fimlle  of  a  Hon  is  introduced,  would 
prove  tedious  and  unintereftlug,  on  ac- 
corot  pf  the  frequept  famenefs,  both  of 
the  original  and  refembiine  fcene.  I 
ihalltberefere  icle£l:  a  few,  &  moft  va- 
rious in  their  circumflances  and  appli- 
cation! and  of  the  greateft  value  at  natu- 
ral reprefentations* 

The  comnifO^  occurrence  iq  countries 
in&fted  by  wild  beafts,  of  a  nightly  at  < 
ticlc  upon  the  folds  or  ftalls,  by  a  lion,  • 
has  given  occafion  to  three  ftriking  fimi- 
iies  m  Homer,  each  diftinguiAied  by 
fome  variation  in  the  circumftances.  In 
the  &  ft  I  (hall  adduce,  the  aflault  is  ef- 
feftuaUy  repelled — 

M  from  the  folded  ftalls  a  nightly  guard 
Of  dogs  and  nifties  all  the  rage  repel 
Of  fome  fierce  Lion,  greedy  for  the  fteih 
Of  fatted  Jcine :  in  vain  he  ru/bes  on ; 
So  thick  the  javelins  hurl'd  l>y  vent*rows 

hands, 
Andflamipg  torches  fly,  that  held  in  ^we,. 
Though  much  dcfmng,  at  the  morning's  dawn 
Sad  he  retures.     The  mighty  Ajax  thus, 
With  fweUing  hreaft  Indignant  quits   the 
£eld.  U.xX.  547. 

This  is  a  chai^eriftical  and  well- 
fainted  .pif  tuie,  but  not  perfe£ll)r  exa£l: 
in  the  application;  fince  Ajax  is  not 
making  an  attack  on  the  enemy,  like  the 
lion,  but  is  ftandlng  upon  the  defeniiye. 

In  the  next  inibnce,  the  powers  of  the 
affiulant  and  defenders  are  almoft  equally 
balanced,  and  this  equality  takes  place 
both  in  the  real  and  the  refinnbling  fcene. 
Sarpcdon*s  ipirited  attempt  to  break 
through  the  Gixcian  rampart,  is'  thus, 
imaged—* 

S0|  when  a  Lion^    *Aid   the   mountains 

bred, 
long  hungering,  feels  th*  adventurous  ivor 

palfe  urge 
To  try  the  well-barr*d  clicuit  of  the  fold  j 
If  chance  he  find  the  guardian-lwains  around, 
Vitfa  dogs  and  fpeari  Is  watch,  he  yet  dif- 

'dai'QS  ,     .    . 

Atteoiftkis  XP  retreat)  hiot  leaping  in, 
Qt  bears  away  the.fpoU,  or  front  to  front 
Jlecelves  immiome  .iwi£^  arm  the  piercing 

ilrel*  .  Jltlu  299. 

In  tlie  following  palTage  theafiailant » 

«Sii^>'f!V!$^1^4i^^^«^Qi:^   by  reiiil- 
ance^  and  ^foVes  cqihpletely  vi6korij(Hlii 
MONTH.  Mag.  No.  XXVII* 


•  Tlie  Lion  thus 


Whom,  leaping  at  the  fold,  fpme  fhephcrl 

fwaln, 
His  ftocks  defence,  has  ftruck  with  feeU* 

Wound,  , 

Now  urg*5l  to  mighty  ragej  no  more  rf> 

'  puIsMy 
He  clears  the  fence,  and  ^mid  the  crowd  for# 

lorn 
breads  dire  dlfinay  \  in  heaps  they  ftrcv  tbf 

foil> 
Then  proudly  fprmgs  again  the  lofty  moun^  { 
So  fprung  Ty<Udas  on  the  Trojan  hoft. 

1/.  v.  136. 

The  impetuous  courag^^  of  Diomed  it 
with  peculiar  pi'opriety  refembled  to  that 
of  the  Lion,  and  theciixumftance  of' hit 
receiving  a  Aight- wound  fix)m  the  arroiir 
dp  Pandarus,  is  exaftly  paralleled  ia 
the  fimile. 

The  r«treat  of  the  Lion,  xtpfvfimted 
in  the  iirft  of  thefe  paflages,  is  defcribed 
in  a  (imile  by  Virgil,  but  lefs  cireum- 
ftantially,  and  without  the  accompany* 
mentof  Uie  nightly  attack. 

-     ■    '  ■  Ceu  fxvum  tqrba  leonem 
Cum  tells  premit  infenfis  j  at  tenitus  ille, 
Afper,  acerba  tuens,   eetro  redit^  1^  iie^A 

terga 
Ira  dare  aut  virtus  patiturs  aec  ttndtre  coil 

tm, 
lUe  quidcm  hoc  cupiens  potas  eft  per  tela 

vhofque : 
Haud  aliter  retro  dubius  veftlgia  Turnus 
Impropcrata  refert,  U  mens  exzihiat  Ira. 
^n^  ix.  79>. 
As  when  with  tilted  fpean  the  clam'roi;|S 

train  .  * 

Invade  the  brindled  monarch  of  the  plaioj  , 
The  lordly  favage  from  the  fliouting  isit 
Retires,  majeftically  ilern  and  How, 
Tho*  iingly  impotent  the  croud  to  dare, 
Kcpel  or  ibind  their  whole  collected  war  ; 
Grim  he  looks  back)  he  rolls  his  glaring  eye, 
Defpairs  to  conquer^  and  difdains  to  %. 
So  Turnus  paus'd  j  and  by  degrees  retired ; 
IVhile  fliame,  difdaln,   and  rage,  the  b^f^ 

fir*d.  Pitt. 

There  is  more  of  Jentiment  in  this  pic- 
ture than  in  that  of  Homer,  but  Icls  of 
nature.  The  Lion  or  the  Oitek  pocr 
combats  for  prey,  and  his  unwilHngncfs 
to  retreat  onfy  proceeds  from  his  hunger. 
That  of  the  Roman  fights  fgr  gloiy,  an4 
is  withheld  from  flying  by  (hame.  Hfc 
it  a  happier  obje^  of  cosBpariibn  fbr  a* 
hero ;  but  is  a  lefs  felthful-  repnHent»- 
^ive  of  an  anbnal  which,  notwithfbnd- 
ing  all  the  (lories  of  his  magnanTmity,  hat 
probably  no  moral  qualities  dllFt^rcnt  trom 
th^>fc  <^other  carnivorous  wild  beafts. 

liis  propeniity  at  all  hazards  to  re- 
venge m)>2|ffrq(kt  (a,  point  of  chara^lv 
CQBunjon  to  various  of  the  larger  preda^ 


m 


StmlUsj  (fc.,^.EngliJh  Verification: 


taty  animals)  is  reprefented  by  Homer 
in  a  moft  animated  manner  in  the  palTage, 
^f  which  the  following  is  a  tranilation : 

■  —  The  dreadful  Lion  thus,         , 
Whom  all  th*  aiTembled-  country  round  pur- 

fue, 
Intent  to  kill,  at  firft  moves  carelefs  on, 
Till*)  by  the  fpear  of  fome  bold  hunter  (Iruck, 
He  writhing  yawns,  he  foams,  his  generous 

bread 
Indignant  groans.  With  bufy  tail  his  fidea 
And  loins  he  laikes,  rovfing  to  the  light  $ 
Then  ftemly  fcouling,  rufhcs  headlong  on, 
Rbfolved  on  daughter,  or  a  glorious  death. 
//.  XX.  164* 
As  a  fimile,  this  ftoble  pi^mv  fecms 
ftrangely  mifphced,    or  thrown  away, 
fince  it  is  only  introdu£^oi*y  f  the  Jitgie 
€9mbat  in  which  Achilles,  not  <w9unded^ 
€X  particularly  irritated^    engages  with 
^neas,  an  unequal  adverfary. 
•    Virgil  has  given  a  fpiritcd  imitation 
of  this  paflage,  applyix^  it,  as  loofely 
as  Homer  had  done,  to 'Tumus,  inflamed 
to  fiiry  by  the  public  outcry  againft  him, 
after  the  unfuccefsfiil  beginnings  of  the 
war  againft  ^neas. 

'  Panoram  quails  in  arvis 

Saucios  ille  gravi  Tcnantum  vulnere  pedus, 
Turn  demum  movet  arma  leoj   gaudetque 

^  comantcs 
Zzcutieng  cerrice  toros,  fizumque  latronis 
Impavidus  fraugit  telum,  &  fremit  ore  cru- 

ento : 
JIaud  fccus  accenfo  glifcit  Yiolentia  Turno. 
JEn,  xii.  4. 

■    As  pierced  at  dii^ance  by  the  hunter's  dart. 
The  Lybian  Lion  roufes  at  the  fmart, 
And  loudly  roaring  traverfes  the  plain. 
Scourges  his  fides,  and  rears  his  horrid  mane. 
Tugs  furious  at  the  fpear,  the  foe  defies. 
And  grinds  his  teeth  for  rage,  and  to  the 

combat  flics : 
So  ftorm'd  proud  Turnus.  Pitt, 

^  The  added  circumftances  of  "  fhaking 
his  briftiing inane,"  and  "  breaking  the 
fpear  fixed  in  his  fide,''  are  well  conceived, 
aod  exprcfled  with  great  vigowr. 

^  I  ihall  add  another  pi^lure  of  a  iimilar 
kind,  from  Homer,  chiefly  on  account  of 
the  accurate  minutenefs  with  which  it 
'Xeprelents  the  cliace  of  a  wild  beail,  as 
.ftill  pi*a£lifcd  in  various  countries. 

As  when  amid  the  throng  of  dogs  and  men 
A  Boar  or  Lion  fiercely  gbring  (lands ; 
^lofc  wcdg'd  in  troops,  the  huntcts  round  ad- 

tancc. 
And  launch  the  frequent  fpear  j  yet  undif- 

ma/M, 
Nor  fear  nor  flight  his  generous  heart  allows, 
But  fpurs  him  to  bis  fate  :  the  binds  of  foes 
Oft  turning  he  aflailt ;  as  oft  the  fiscj 
-Wher?t'er  he  ruflws,  yield.        //.  xii.  41. 

•  The  appUcjttSon  is  to  UfiS^  trying 


his  paiTage  acrofs  the  Grecian  Afflpart  \ 
and  is  therefore,  like  one  of  the  former, 
defe^tve  in  comparing  an  a6lion  of  af- 
fauit  to  one  of  defetice. 

Virgil,  in  a  cone ifc  copy  of  this  fimile, 
has  applied  it  with  more  exa^lnefs  toHe- 
lenor  eiicompafTed  by  afiaiiing  enemies. 

Ut  fera,  quae  dcofji  veoantum  fepta  corona 
Contra  tela  furit,  fefeque  haud  nefcia  morti 
Injicit,  ic  faltu  fuper  venabula  fertur: 
Haud  aliter  juveois  medios  moritorus  in  ho« 

ftcs 
Irruit  t  ic  qua  tela  vldit  denfiffimay  tendit. 
^iv.ix.  551. 

As  the  ftem  favage,  whom  the  tram  fur- 
rounds 

Of  ihouting  hunters,    fteeds,    and  openiBg 
hounds, 

On  death  determined,  and  devoid  of  fears. 

Springs  forth  undaunted  on  a  grove  of  fpears. 

So,  bent  on  death,  where  thick  the  javelioa 
rife. 

Fierce  on  the  clofe  embattled  war  he  files. 

Pitt. 

The  circumftanceof  the  beaft*s  leaping 

over  the  himting-poles,  is  happilv  ima.- 

gined.       Dryden,    in     his    tranllatioiw 

chufes  to  make  the  animal  a  (lag.    J.  A. 

(To  be  coatoated.) 


To  the  Editor  of  the  Montbjf  Magetxine^ 

SIR, 

IN  anfwer  to  your  cotrefponcknt,  L 
in  Number  Twenty-fifth  of 
the  Monthly  Magazine,  Ifentafew 
general  obfervations  on  Englifii  verftlic»^ 
tion.  With  your  pei-mifiiion  I  wUl  now 
purfue  the  fubjeft  a  little  further. 

Ariftotle,  who  has  called  poetry  imi* 
tation,  calls  mufic  ^w^fmrtt  tik  ^fyK 
aea»  w^oornrof ,  the  Itkenejes  of  amger  and 
gentlenefs^  &c.  this  correfpondence  he 
makes  to  depend  oh  rhyme  and  melody 
99  To»f  Pt/duoK  xctt  MiXco*!.  In  thJs  point 
of  view  poetry  and  mufic  are  kindred 
arts  :  and  the  analogy  with  refpeft  to 
rhyme,  expreffio^,  and  effe£l,  is  much 
defer  than  many  imagine. 

Sound  has  an  influence  on  pafiion  ;  aa 
influence  not  connected  with  a|i  afiocia- 
t ion  of  ideas,  but  with  the  tendency  of 
certain  tones  to  excite  particular  movc- 
Aients  in  the  nerves.  This  is  true  of 
mufical  founds ;  it  is  alfo  true  of  metri- 
cal. •  Thefe  movements,  however,  are 
not  always  produced  in  vcrfc,  by  caufes 
uniformly  the  fame  5  fometimes  it  is  by 
a  particular  movement  of  the  verfe,  as 
that  of  Homer,  - 

Htvi  0  (JAW  <raiyyTOfrt>sy  ;^f^iTl  ««^0TV 
A«MSf  wm  «;6t07Cf|  fcc« 

Or 


Mr^Dy^r  on  Englijh  Verfifitation. 


US 


Or  tli^t  of  MUton— 

•Him  th'  Almighty  Power 


HmxV^  hea^iloo^  flAnuog  from  the  ethereal 

iky,  / 

With  hideousTuin  and  combuftion  dowa 
To  bottomlefs  perdition,  &c. 

Sometinieft  it  is  produced  by  a  finglc 
word,  ultdanint,  howl,  hifsyroar,  &c. 
This  is  what  Mr.  Wal(h  very  properly 
calls,  the  ftyle  of  f  und. 

This  eife^k  is  produced  by  the  applica- 
tion of  the  rule  of  the  acute  and  grave 
accents  \  the  acute  making  ftronger,  the 
grave  weaker  vibrations ;  trom  an  artful 
management  of  the  letters,  conBdered  as 
liquids,  confonan|s,  iingle,  or  double, 
vowels,  c^pthongs,  open  vowels,  &c. 
Fitym' regarding  the  proper  praces  for  the 
pauie,  trasfpofitioA,  interros^tion,  &c. 

I  am  not  yet  fpeaking  ot  any  parti- 
cular rpecies  of  verfification,  but  of  the 
tfied  of  found  in  geaei*al,  in  pitKtucing 
motion  or  paffion.  When  the  poet  wi/hes 
to  exprefs,  and  to  raife  in  the  breaft  of 
his  reader,  the  foftcr  or  more  lively  paf- 
ilons  of  love,  hope,  deiii^e,  &c.  his  verfe 
ihould  ftudy  correfpondent  movements; 
it  ihould  be  foft,  and  acc6mpaiiied  with 
all  the  arts  of  infinuation ;  it  (hould  move 
fprightly,  and  with  an  air  of  triumph 
and  exultation,  &c.— on  the  other  hand, 
when  he  would  exprefs  grief,  pride,  rc- 
fcntment,  &c.  the  language  ihould  ex- 
prefs depreiIion>  indignationf  fudden 
traniidon,  &c. 

It  is  unneceiTary  to  exemplify  what  has 
been  fb  freqnentiy  exemplified  in  books 
cm  rhetoric  and  poetry :— a  few  hints  on 
the  mechanical  part  of  the  different  fpe< 
cies  of  Engli/h  verfification,  will  be  more 
Co  the  purpofe  of  your  correfpondent  L. 

The  following  mles  feem  to  apply  to 
the  Iambic,  or  Heroic,  a  verfe  of  five 
feet,  which  may  be  with  or  without 
rhyme :  called  Iambic,  bccaufe  the  prin- 
cipal foot  contained  in  it  is  an  Iambic,  a 
foot  of  two  fyllables,  with  the  firlt  fyl- 
laMe  ihort,  the  lail  long.  Ex.  of  the 
Xambic  with  rhyme, 

H&e   thoa  ]  Great    An|nS»     whSm  |  three 

realms  6bcy, 
XKTft  (ome  |  rimes  coSnfel  take,  |  and  iome  | 
'  timet  tea. 
I  take  thefe  lines  as  affording  an  ex- 
avnple  of  an  Inaccurate  rhyme,   which  I 
fliall  notice  prefe;itly.     At  prefent,  I  ob- 
Icrve,  that  the  lail  line  is  an  example  of 
perfefk  Iambic. 

The  Heroic  or  Iambic  admits  other 
feet  beHdes  the  Iambic.  The  firil  of 
tbefe  lines  in  the  fourth  place  has  taken  a 
Spondee,  or  ^  foot  of  tWQ  ipng  fyllahks ; 


and  this  line  i»  quoted  to  (Inw,  that  the 
obfcrvation  of  a  ihrewd  modem  w  iter  is 
not  quite  accurate,  "  that  to  place  three 
long  fyllables  co-nficuti'vely  in  Englifh,  is  a 
^eat  difficulty.'* 

The  Engliih  Iambic  aifo    admits    a 
Dai5lyl,  that  is,  a  foot  of  three  fyllables, 
with  the  firft  i^ liable  long,  and  the  laft 
iliort,  as  in  that  line  of  Waller's, 
Co&Id  or  I  d«r  teach  |  aad  their  |  high  Tpiiiftl 

,  I  cSmpofc 
as"  HighfpHts". 

And  a  Pyrrhic,  that  is,  a  foot  of  two 
ihort,  as  in  the  above  verfe,  "  and  their." 

It  will  alio  admit  of  an  Anapsil,  that 
is  a  foot  of  three  fyllables,  the  two 
firft  ihort,  and  the  lail  long  $  and  of  a 
Trochee,  a  foot  of  two  fyllables,  with 
the  iirfl  long,  and  laft  ihort ;  which  the 
Greek  Iambic  never  admitted :  though 
it  may  be  generally  obferved,  the  more 
Iambics  the  verfe'cOntains,  it  will  be  fo  , 
much  the  purer. 

With  refpe£t  to  long  and  ihort,  it 
ihould  be  noticed,  though  Engliih  verfe 
is  not  regulated  by  pofition,  i^  is  not  fo 
loofe  as  to  iet  afide  quantity. 

Sure  there  are  poets  whoMid  never  dream 
Upon  ParnaiTus,  nor  did  (afte  the  (beam    * 
Of  Helicon,  Sec, 

Suppofe  Poets,  which  is  a  Trochee,  to  . 
be  turned  into  an  Iambic,  as  repute,  re- 
plete, and  we  ihall  fee  that  the  harmony 
is  inftantly  broken ;  or  fuppofc  Pamau 
fti<«,  which  is  an  Amphibrachys,  that  is, 
a  foot  of  thi  ec  fyllables,  the  ftrft  fyllable 
on  each  fide  ihort,  ihe  middle  long,  be 
read  as  an  amphimacer,  with  each  fylla- 
ble on  the  fide  long,  and  the  middle 
ihort,  we  Ihali  then  likewife  fee  that  the 
rules  of  quantity  are  violated, 
"  On  Parn^inustop,  nDrdid  tafte  the  ilreanj." 
The  next  obfervation  relates  to  the 
Paufe  \  a  confideration  df  great  import* 
ance    in  verfe^    nai  sri  ^41$-  u^atv   m 

raico\et^  a^fjMtuc^  *,  The  force  of  thia 
obfervation  will  be  obvious  by  confi- 
deriug  what  has  ahfady  been  noticed 
—the  correfpondence  ot  poetry  with 
inufic,  Mufio  requires  variety  of  move* 
ments,  no  lefs  than  fweetnefs  of  found : 
and  without  this  variety,  both  poetiy 
and  mufic  will  be  accmnpanied  with  a 
diigufting  monotony. 

In  Mr.Walfh's  "Letter  to  Mr.Popc,"'  it 
is  obferved,  there  is  naturally  a  paufe 
at  the  fourth,  fifth,  or  fixth  fyllables. 
"  It  is  upon  thefe  the  ear  refls,  upon  the 

•  Dionyf.  Hal.  Dc  Stni^.  Orac. 


Yl6 


Mr.  Dyer  m  EngUfi  V^rfificatimi. 


jixliciout  clxaoge  and  mansgement  of 
tfaefe  depends  the  variety  of  EnglUh  rer- 
iiiicatton.''* 

The  pauje  vaxj  extend  to  other  fylla- 
bles  \  a  regaici  to  vai iety  ieems  frequently 
to  require  it,  and  it  maybe  laid  down  as 
«  general  rule  in  rhyme,  that  at  the  ter- 
minatfon  oF  futry  line,  there  is  a  pauie. 
It  is  Icarcely  neccflary  to  add,  that  a 
fiaufe  is  a  dimrent  thing  irom  a  ftop. 

In  a  former  letter  I  fpoke  of  Mr.  rope, 
fts  the  beft  ftandaiti  of  rhytne  :  and  this 
k  unqoeftionabUr  true  wi^  refpc^  to 
f^aTityy  richneis,  and  ftrength.  But 
whether  it  proce«led  from  his  want  of 
tafle  for  mulic  I  will  not  fay^  be  is  cer- 
tainly verjr  often  extremely  monotonous  \ 
hisprofefled  imitators  are  ftill  more  lot 
and  this  is  true  nbt  only  of  Pope^s  juve- 
nile works^  but  of  thofe  which  exhibit  the 
vigour  of  his  manhood,  and  all  the 
ilrength  of  fcntiment,  particularly  his 
'  ««  Effc:y  on  Manr  Example, 
All  are  but  parts  of  one  ftupendoos  whole, 
.Whofc  body  nature  Uy  I  and  Cod  the  foul ; 
7hat  phang'd  thro*  all  (  and  yet  through  all 

the  fame, 
Great  in  the  earth  |  as  in  the  athcrial  framej 
Warms  in  the  fun,  |  refre&cs  in  the  breeze, 
Clows  iii  the  ftars,  I  ano  Ua^onu  in  the  tree*. 
Lives  through  all  lifcj  extends  throngh  all 

extern, 
Spreads  undivided,  |  operates  unfpent. 
.  The  mechan'i fm  of  th is  fpecies  of  veric, 
In  reg  rd  to  the  paufe,  confills  in  the  va- 
rying  of  its  place  j  and  generally  fpeak- 
ing,  it  Jhoiild  not  be  made  at  the  fame 
iyllable  above  two  lines,  or  at  moft  three, 
together.  Connected  with  an  obferva- 
tion  already  made  is  another,  viz. 

That  the  clofmg  rhyme  of  the  couplet 
mould  be  attended  with  a  paufe  in  the 
couplet  in  the  fenfe,  io  as  not  to  run  on 
to  tne  following  verle  :  Ex.  in  the  cou- 
plet already  quoted  from'Denham : 
•>ure  there  are  poets  who  did  never  dream 
Upon  Paraaflns,  or  did  tafte  tbeftrtam 
Of  H:£a>ft, 

This  feemswrongj  Pope  rarely  takes 
this  liberty  J  Dryden,  th6ugh  a  great 
knafter  of  EngiiOi  Vcrfification,  frequent- 
ly 5  Durwiit,  who  has  ftndied  this  ipecies 
cf  verfe  witn  great  nicety,  never. 

This  ]ead9  to  another  obfervation,  thi% 
regards  triplets.  Rhyme,  by  thofe  who 
•jppofc  it,  is  called  jingling :  wkhoiit 
squiring  into  the  jult ice  of  their  difap- 
prolation,  or  the  oiigin  of  xi>ymfs,  it 
rtiay  with  truth  be  ftid,  that  triplets  of* 
itnd  a  chafte  car,  and  gefterally  betray 
negligence,  and  want  of  invehtion  in 
the.  writer.  Dryden,  indeed,  nfcH  them 
perpetually ;  but  thotfgh  a  great  poet,  he 
was  irBq««itljriiiegligcnf  and  hafty^  writ- 


ing from  the  (piA*  of  the  moment,  ^/Kttf 
p^Jf  in  mm*  Pope  u(es  them  oceafiiHiaUy 
in  his  imitations  and  trandations,  but 
very  fparingly  in  original  poems:  that 
is  not  a  fingle  trfplet  m  his  "  Rt^  oftU 
Ucki^  or"  "ihelHotdadr  Dr.Danrih 
alfo  never  ufes  triplets. 

It  is  icarcely  neceHary  to  add,'  thatb^ 
triplets  are  meant  three  lines  fucccffivtly 
rhyming.  In  odes,  where  different 
rhymes  intervene,  thrtc  rhymii^  lines 
may  with  great  propriety  be  admitted  id 
the  fame  ftanza  \  aitd  the  inovemeiits  art 
very  lively  :  as  hi  a  tranflation  of  a  Sps« 
tlifh  ode  by  a  fine  modem  poet,  Mr, 
Southe^  •, 
•    kodngo,  fh>m  the  worM  apart 

RetirM  wbsre  Taguc  ftowt, 
.    Clarp*d  the  £ur  Caba  to  his  hent, 
.    When  lo !  the  Spirit  of  the  ftmrnafefe. 
And  pour'd  the  piDphet  foag  of  Spain's  i»» 
pending  y^^^^. 

The  above  ftanaa  doies  with  an  Alex* 
andrine,  and  afiFords  an  example  of  tht 
place  mod  proper  for  its  introdiiikion^ 
viz.  at  the  clofe  oif  a  (bnza.  There  an 
but  few  places  in  which  it  can  be  intio- 
duced  With  propriety  in  the  regular  he- 
roic rhyme.  In  the  blank  verie.of  Mil* 
ton,  I  think  it  is  never  uied:  there  is 
not  a  line  that  could  with  greater  propria 
ety  have  been  made  an  Alexandrine  thaa 
the  laft  of  the  lad  book. 

Thro*  Eden  took  their  folitary  way  5 
where  a  fbfter  lenfation  is  to  be  excited, 
where  the  movement  of  the  verie  is  flow, 
and  where  the  line  is  the  finiihing  verfi; 
of  the  book. 

I  cannot  forbear  juft  noticii^,  that  a 
proper  Alexandrine  has  i  paufe  naturally 
m  tne  middle,  lb  as  to  be  divided  into  an 
equal  number  of  fyllables,  Ex. 
"  The  bloom  of  young  defire,  |  and  p«rplt 
light  of  love:"  Craj, 

The  true  Alexandrine  is  a  very  njelo- 
dious  litie,  when  properly  uied}  but 
what  may  be  called  the  Suher^AUxaMiiriiiif 
or  line  of  fourt^n  fyllables  has,  Ithink| 
always  a  bad'effeft.  Cowley  very  often 
ufes  it  in  his  pdes  called  Pindaric,  In 
which  he  feeiiis  to  think  eveiy  pbdible 
liberty  may  be  taken  with  meafure.  Dry- 
den, who  in  his  heroics  has  a  great  pro- 
fiifion  of  true  Alexandrines,  ncnjr  ajid 
then  alio  admits  the  fpurious  one;  as  ii^ 
the  following  line  of  portentous  length  1 
Things  done  relates,  not  done  Ihe  feigns. 
And  mingtes  truth  with  Lyes.  MnHd^ 

As  we  are  now  fpeaking  concerning 
i^hysnc,  a  caution  fhould  be  left  againft  t£ 
too  quick  return  of  the  fame  rhyme.  £x. 

.   *  Letters  Written  during  a  ilxort  rvlidem^ 
in  Spain  and  Fortugal|  by  Robert  Southey. 


Difcffvertrs  in  PhiUfiphj  cmpaniwiib  Portu 


iXf 


BloSbfM  toA  fnitt  atfd  flotrentof ether  riT*, 
And  the  whole  year  la  gay  confaiioo  lies. 

«<  Mdtjhti  Ittttr  to  Lard  HaRfax:^ 
Here  pUUrs  rough  with  fcvlptitre  pierce  the 

ikiet, 
And  hn-e  the  proud  triamphal  archet  rife. 
Fr9m  tbtjame* 

Tbefe  are  ten  lines  farther  in  the  fame 
pocn«  and  may  be  endured ;  bnt  cannot 
be  allowed  a  fl^  lines  nearer :  of  which, 
however^  inftances  occur  in  this  charm* 
ing  poem. 

The  laft  obftrvation  I  (hall  make  re« 
lates  to  open  vowels  \  that  u,  two  vow* 
els  opening  on  each  other  i  which  gene^ 
rally  fpeaking,  fhould  be  guarded  agaiiift, 
except  where  the  poet  wiflies  to  maker 
foond  cori^fpond  to  fen^  or  fbme  great 
incotiTcnience  to  the  line  would  be  the 
confequence :  Milton,  however^  frequent* 
If  uibs  open  vewels ;  and  Pope  fome- 
timesy  but  not  often.  The  following  is 
na  example  of  ones 
Great  in  th<  «arth,  or  in  the  ^thertal  frame. 

The  open  vowels  in  this  line  make  too 
great  an  hiatus,  and  offend  the  ear, 
though,  fomethneSy  itmuft  be  confefTed, 
the  c^/ura  would  be  more  offeniive  to 
the  ear  than  the  hiatus  i  ex. 
Of  Natures  works  to  m«  aptingM  and  razM. 

Milton, 

The  open  vowels  will  here  to  many 
cars  be  offcni]ve>  but  much  lefs  £o  than 
Of  Nature's  workings  to  m^  expung'd  and 
raaM. 

Much  more  might  be  laid  on  this  Aib- 
jcA  :  and  I  am  aware*  that  different  cri* 
tics  may  foroewhat  differ  on  thele  nice- 
ties f  I  fpeak  therefore  with  deference> 
but  hope,  if  yonr  correfpondent  L,  is 
young  in  thefe  matters,  that  he  may  de- 
rive a  ^  hints  fix>m  what  has  already 
been  fkid  not  unacceptable  to  him.  I 
prcpofey  in  a  future  letter,  to  fubmit  to 
his  coiifideration  a  few  thoughts  relative 
to  other  fpecies  of  verfification,  more 
particularly  to  blank  vi^ fe ;  and  to  the 
books  recommended  in  a  former  letter, 
as  proper  to  be  read,  to  point  out  a  few 
more.  In  the  mean  time,  I.  am,  &c. 
G.Dter. 

P.  S.  I  forgot  to  obferve,  with  rtfytSt 
to  open  vowels,  that  the  founds  which 
moil  nearly  refemble  each  other,  fhould 
be  inoft  guarded  againfl,'  as  A  A,  A  £, 
E  E,  E  I,  I  I,  I  Y  5  where  the  refem- 
blance  is  lefs,  the  hiatus  will  be  lefs,  and 
therefore  will  be  more  eaiily  allowed. 
The  more  attentive  verfificrs  are  to  the 
accuracy  of  their  rhymes,  the  more  pure 
9oii  hvm^moUt  wiU  tktir  veric  be. 


Thfc  two  iirf(  lines  quoted  finom  Pope, 
in  this  letter,  have  bad  lixymes  s  as  alA 
are  the  two  following : 
Compute  the  gains  of  his  ungoVemM  ccal, 
VL\  futts  his  cloth  the  praife  of  railing  well. 
■ Drjien. 

To  the  Editor  tftbe  Mo/itbj^  Me^axinim 

.  SIR, 

1USED  to  think  that  a  great  difco; 
vcrer  in  philofophy,  fuch  as  Bacon  or 
Newton,  was  much  more  fuperior  to  tho 
meaner  mob  of  philcibphei-s,  than  is  n 
Shckefpeare  or  a  Milton  to  a  Blackmorc 
or  a  Gibber,  to  the  rooks  and  the  jackdaw^ 
of  poetry.  I  am  of  that  opinion  no  longer* 
I  have  been  indoced,  I  muft  confefs,  t» 
divdl  myfelf  of  much  of  that  exceflivf 
ven^ation  with  which  I  long  regarded 
the  principal  names  in  philuTophy. 

In  truth,  the  authors  of  great  difco* 
vales  in  philofophy,  have  rarely  or  neveS[ 
attained  far  above  the  common  level  ot 
the  philofbphical  knowledge  of  the  ages 
in  which  they  refpe^iveiy  lived.  Ths 
converfation  of  the  peaceful  intercourfe  of 
the  citizens  of  Atnens;  the  harangues 
and  diicuflions  in  their  public  afTembuesi 
the  moral  knowledge  which  they  ha4 
generally  acquired  in  the  cultivation  of 
the  arts,  and  in  the  ordinary  exeixifc  of 
their  civil  and  political  rights  ^  the  dt& 
coveries  and  the  errors  of  former  phiiofbr 
phersj  the  writings  and  exhibitions  of 
the  drama  ^  had  fo  prepared  the  way  at 
Athens,  for  the  origin  of  the  phiIo]bph|r 
of  Socrates,  as  to  make  it  impoffible  uak 
there  fhould  not  feme  fuch  philoibpher 
arife  amone  the  Athenians  about  that 
ssra.  Arittotle  was  but  a  difciple  of  tho 
fchool  of  Socrates,  whole  diolcflics  an4 
fcientific  arrangemenu  had  their  fource  tm 
the  do^ilrlnes  of  his  mafler,  and  of  ths 
contemporary  fophifls.  The  difcoveries 
of  Bacon  were  made  at  a  time  when  ths 
world  began  to  become  weary  of  the  Jo« 
eic  and  metaphyfics  of  the  fcbools  j  when 
fre  uent  attempts  w.re  made  to  ntw« 
model  and  fimpUfy  the  fchool-philofophyi 
when  the  improvement  of  human  know-* 
ledge  was  already  very  generally  fought 
by  other  means,  than  the  mere  laws  q£ 
fynthefis  and  of  fyllogifm  \  when  experi* 
meiat  and  induaion  had  been  already 
tried  with  fucoefs  by  the  alchemiflsy  and 
by  other  explorers  of  the  fecreu  of  na- 
ture.  Was  there  not  in  thefe  cireum-'. 
dances  as  nroch  of  happy  fortune  as  of 
fuperior  genius,  in  the  accomplifhment  «f 
thofo  grand  difcoveries  which  we  afcriba 
to  Bacon  ?  The  reicarchei  of  Galileo^ 
if  tbty  did  aoC  difcovcr  the  gravity  of  the> 
.     atmofpheret 


1 18  DifiSverires  in  Phihfipby  an^andwlth  Pats. 


atmofphere,  jtt  advanced  ib  near  to  this 
difcovery^  as  to  leave  no  vei*y  extraordi-^ 
naiy  merit  to  his  pupil. Tcrricelli,  in.fehe 
a£lual  accompliihment  of  it.  Far  be  it 
fivm  me  to  offer  to  tear,  with  ifa/k  handt 
the  lauttrU  from  the  immorul  brow  of 
Newton !  Yet,  let  me  permitted  to  ob- 
fci've,  that  when  this  great  man  difcovci- 
ed  tbe  do^lrine  of  the  attraftion  of  gua- 
vitation>  aftronomy,  geography,  and  na- 
▼i^^ion;  mjchanics,  and  all  the  mecha- 
nical arts,  had  been  improved  to  fuch  a 
pitch  Df  advancement,  the  attention  of 


The  great  poet  can  never  deriviQ  Ann  hii 
predecefibrs  more  than  a  very  little  of 
that  on  which  alone  his  fame  can  be  per- 
manently built.  Melody,  and  variety  of 
vtrrilfication  J  a  copious  and  happily  cz- 
predive  phrafeology  -,  tafte  to  avoid  hiSt 
ornaments  oi  wit  aod  fancy;  ikIU  to  ad- 
juft  all  the  oart^  of  a  work  into  one  whole; 
all  thefe,  the  poet  may^  indeed,  derive 
from  the  ftudy  of  the  works  of  his  prc- 
deceilbrs,  but  little  eife  can  this  ftudy 
confer.  We  caiily  diflinguifli  what  is 
merely  the  copv  of  a  copy  from  that 
which  is  dire^iy  imitated  mnn  nature* 


philofophers  was  fo  eameftly  turned  to 

wards  the  difcovery  of  the  true  fyftem  of  We  praife  the  great  poet  only  in  propor- 

the  unlverfe,  and  the  operattons  of  ma-  tion  as  his  images  and  fentimcnts  are  orif 

thematical  calculation  had  been  fo  much  g«nal  as  wellas  juft  and  interefting.  Of  all 

facilitated  and  improved,  that  the  theory  the  litci*ary  arts,  poetry  is  the  Icaft  be* 

•f  gravitation,  had  it  even  efcaped  the  nefited  by  the  gradual  progrefi  of  human 


genius  of  Newton,  could  not  well  have 
failed  to  arife  to  the  meditations  of  fome 
one  or  another  of  the  philofophers,  who 
wurc  cotemporniy  with  him.  Reficfling 
upon  thcfe  fafts,  we  (hail  find  it  difficult 
to  maintain,  that  even  Newton  foared  to 
fiich  an  excefTive  height  above  the  com- 
mon level  of  the  knowledge  of  his  age,  as 
many  of  his  admirers  fcem  to  have  ima- 

fincd.  In  the  more  recent  inftaiice  of  the 
rfcovery  of  the  true  theojj  of  chemiflry, 
does  the  merit  of  that  dilcovcry  left  with 
Lavoifier  alone?  No;  Van  Helmont, 
Boyle,  Mayow,  Hale,  Prieftlcy,  Berg- 
man, Schefle,  Black,  Cuvendifh,  Baume, 
'Alacquer,  Bucquet,  had,  fucceflively  or 
collaterally,  purfutd  chemical  invert iga- 
tions,  and  traced  out  the  general  truths  of 
this  fcicnce,  till  it  was  almofl  as  impoffi- 
ble  that  fomc  one  or  another  fhould  not 


knowledge.  Its  grand'cngines  are  canti« 
nually  dilarmed  by  the  orerthrow  of  ig- 
norance and  luperltition :  and  one  poet 
after  another  ftill  pre-occupies  from  his 
fucceflbrs)  one  after  another  of  the  great 
provinces  of  nature,  fo  as  to  excite  the 
general  fentiment;  Pereant  qui  nofira^ 
ante  nos,  dixirc.  If  Virgil  has  imitated 
Homer }  if  Milton  has  bonowed  largely 
from  ail  poetical  antiquity,  facrcd  anl 
profane,  we  arc  careful  to  ftrip  them  of 
all  their  borrowed  feathers,  whenever  we 
come  to  eflimate  their  poetical  merits. 
What  infinite  pains  has  been  taken  to 
trace  all  the  imitations  and  phgiarifms  of 
the  divine  Shakefpearc  ?  Wc  give  poets 
credit  folcly  for  what  each  ban  himfelf 
a^ually  caught  from  nature.  We  fbme- 
times,  as  has  been  beautifully  fhewn  by 
Dr.  Hurd,  fuppofe  them  imitators,  when 


ftumbie  on  Lavoifier's  difcovei-ies,  as  that  *^^y  ^»  in  truth,  entitled  to  the  praife 
a  number  of  pedbns  fhould,  in  a  dark  o^,  originality.  A  poet  cannot  borrow, 
night,  wander  about  among  frequent  open    w-ithout  being  perceived  to  borrow.    la 


pits,  and  vet  none  of  them  have  the  for- 
tune to  fall  in.  Such  has  ever  been  the 
eafe  in  regard  to  the  grand  difcovencs  in 
phiiofophy.  Knew  wc  but  minutely  the 
fti'ps  by  which  their  authors  were  con- 


phi  lofophy  we  are  apt,  at  all  thnes,  to 
praife  him  who  impofcs  the  key-ftone,  as 
if  he  had  built  the  whole  aich. 

It  is  for  thefe  reafons,  chiefly,  that  I 
think  the  truly  great  po0"  tJ^be  a  more 


H. 


duaed  to  them,  we  fhould  not  fail  to    <lluftrious  charafter  than  the  great  difco* 

abate  much  from  the  fervour  of  that  ad-    verer  in  phiiofophy. 

miration  with  which  wc  are   at  prefent 

difpoled  to  regard  thofe  authors.     Nay, 

more,    I  doubt  not,  but  there  has  been'  a 

greater  energy  of  genius    exerted,    and 

much  more  contributed  towards  the  true    Intended  as  a  Continuation  of  the  Hifiory 


MODERN  PERU  AND   MEXICO. 

PHYSICAL  GEOGR-APHY  OP  PERIT. 


advancement  of  fcience,  by  perfons  whofe 
names  are  undiftinguifhcd  in  its  annals  ; 
than  by  thofe  on  whom  has  been  fbndly 
fev^ftied  boundlefs  praife.  It  is  in  philo- 
f^phyas  in  war:  the  foldiers  fight  the 
battle,  but  the  meed  of  vi^ory  is  for  the 
generals  alone. 
In  poetry,  the  cafe  is  widely  differeaf.- 


of  the  Monuments  of  Peru,  inferted  ov 
our  Maganine  for  December  laft, 
[From  "  £1  Mercurio  Peraojio.**] 

THE  fxrft  objca  which  prefcnts  itfelf 
to  the  contemplation  of  the  philo- 
fopher,  in  the  hiftory  of  the  monuments 
of  ancient  Peru,  is  the  delineation  of  the 
various  dllpoiitiQQs  and  organizatioa  &f 


Ihe  Phyjlcal  Geograpfy  ofteriu 


119 


hs  faft  tttrltory.  In-  tracing  with  his 
pes,  amid  the  Ipoils  and  ravages  o^  time 
And  of  war,  the  degree  of  cultivation 
this  famous  nation  had  attained,  when, 
without  the  help  cither  of  the  Egyptians, 
the  Phoenicians,  or  the  Greeks,  it  tfta- 
bliihed  wife  laws,  and  made,  in  certain 
points  of  view,  great  advances  in  the 
arts  and  fciences,  he  finds  it  indifpenfibly 
neceflary  to  examine  the  Ibil  on  which  the 
ruins,  that  are  to  guide  and  direct  him 
in  his  refearcfaes,  are  placed.  The  gran- 
deur of  the  works  erefted  by  the  hand  of 
man  is  not  to  be  eftimated  iblely  by  the 
fad  remnants  to  which  they  are  reduced  : 
it  IS  eflential  that  the  proportions  of  the 
land,  which  ferved  them  as  a  fupport, 
Aould  alfo  enter  into  the  calculation. 
The  canal  which  waters  the  moft  fertile 
valley,  docs  not  difplay  the  fame  magni- 
ficence In  itfelf,  nor  manifefl  an  equal 
cflTort  and  (kill  on  the  part  of  the  artifi- 
cer, as  that  which,  running  between 
formidable  precipices,  rifes  to  the  fum- 
mit  of  the  mountain,  and* pierces  the  deep 
deft,  which  in  magnitude  etjuals  its 
arm,  or  fails  info  the  valley  trom  be- 
tween the  brink  and  the  declivity  of  lofty 
hUli.  On  the  other  hand,  as  the  qualities 
and  circuroftances  of  regions  influence 
the  genius  and  chamber  of  thofe  by 
whom  they  are  peopled,  without  the 
vhyfical  knowledge  of  Pern,  it  would  be 
impoilible  to  trace  out  the  eminent  ad- 
vantages of  its  former  or  prefent  Inha- 
bitants* 

It  is  true  that  we  gave  a  general  idea 
of  Peru  *9  on  the  happy  day  when,  in 
publiihlng  ottr  firft  Mercury,  we  made  a 
gracious  oflTering  to  the  tutelar  angel  of 
theie  territories :  but  this  is  not  what  we 
are  about  to  copy.  We  then  confined 
ourfclves  chiefly  to  the  plans  which  had 
fcecn  (uggeftcd,  in  dividing,  pcopling,and 
cultivating  Peru,  by  tlie  different  views 
and  interms  of  its  glorious  conquerors. 
We  presented  to  our  readers  a  prefatory 
introciodion,  a  leifure  compoiition,  in 
vidiich,  noticing  rapidly  and  In  fubftance 
vrhatever  this  country  owes  to  man,  we 
prepared  them  for  the  elucidation  of  each 
of  the  paru  contained  in  that  valuable 
'Iketch  of  our  political  geography.  We 
iu>w  follow  a  different  courJe.  ^t  the 
moment  while  we  are  naming  Peru,  we 
bani/h  from  our  view  its  inhabitants  and 
its  cities;  and  annihilate  even  the  fuperb 
towen  of  opulent  Lima.  TTie  plains 
which  our  forefathers  laboured  and  ferti- 
iized  dilappear  \  and  the  delightful  en- 

*  See«orMafaiiaeforNov6m)>«rla&. 


virons  of  Rimac  prefent  no  other  oma- 
mont  than  a  multitude  of  (hnibs  and 
green  meadows,  which,  agitated  by  the 
gentle  breeze,  rival  the  undulations  and 
murmurs  of  the  Pacific  Ocean  as  it 
wafhes  its  banks. 

Having  penetrated  into  .the  obfcure 
ages  which  have  Jong  ceafcd  to  exift,  in 
feaichof  the  fragments  of  the  edifices  oi 
the  Yncas,  to  complete  the  biftory  of  their 
monuments,  we  now  fix  our  attention  on 
thofe  times  when  the  human  fbotftcp  had 
as  yet  left  no  print  on  the  fands  of  this 
fafoured  region,  when,  its  tertile  plains 
were  ftill  uncultivated.  Nature  alone 
appears,  wra^t  up  in  a  m-fierious  fi« 
lencc.  Her  powerful  hand  is  about  to 
give  the  laft  perfection  to  the  globe,  and 
to  fupport  its  equilibrium  by  iorming 
two  diltm^l  worlds  in  one  finglc  ccnti- 
nent.  It  would  appear  that  alter  (be had 
exercifed  hcrfclf  on  the  burning  fands  of 
Africa,  on  the  leafy  and  fragrant  groves 
of  Afia,  and  on  the  temperate  and  colder 
climates  of  Europe,  (lie  aimed  at  aflem- 
bling  together  in  Peru  all  the  prqdu^  ions 
(he  had  denied  to  the  other  three  quar- 
ters, to  repofe  tl>ere  majeftically,  fur- 
rounded  by  each  of  them.  Such  and  (b 
great  are  the  riches  this,  admirable  king* 
dom  contains  1  In  defcribing  its  phy- 
fica!  geography,  it  will  not  be  inexpe- 
dient to  adopt  certain  divifions.  We 
(hall,  in  the  firft  place,  treat  of  the 
general  defign  pf  the  two  worlds  which 
com^ofe  the  two  principal  parts  of  Peru 
— ot  thofe  two  worlds  which  fom^thc 
auguft  temple  of  our  mother  and  liberal 
benefaftx'e(8.  Their  limits,  their  direc- 
tions, their  correfpondencies ;  their  rc- 
fpeftivc  advantages  over  the  reft  of  the 
terraqueous  globe  j  and  their  preponde- 
rance and  influx  in  the  equilibrium  of 
this  globe,  are  obje«3:s  which,"  prefent- 
ing  themfclves  on  a  large  fcalc,  will  lead 
and  accuftom  us,  without  fat'gue,  to 
the  detailed  examination  of  whatever 
each  of  them  in  particular  contalnj.  Ot 
that  any  one  could  pofl'c-:'^  '.he  divine  and 
energetic  pencil  of  nature,  to  give  tohi? 
portraits  the  colouring  and  delicacy  with 
which j/ii'e'  has  beautified  the  original  I 

Peru,  the  limits  of  which  are  traced 
out  by  the  great  phenomena  by  which  it 
divides  the  pi-ovinces  of  its  uiiiverfal  em- 
pire, forms  without  doubt  the  wtiole  of 
the  fouthem  part  of  the  burning  zone, 
which  runs  north  and  fouth  from  the 
equator  to  the  tropic  of  Cnprrcorn,  and 
weft  and  eaft  from  the  borders  of  the  Pa- 
cific fca  to  the  forefts  and  dcfarrs  of  the 
country  of  the  Amazons,  by  ^hich  \Jca 

eaftem 


920 


taftem  tonchet.of  the  Coidillen  of 
the  Andes  is  termmated.  Thus  its 
matcft  exteniion,  which  is  to  be  me«. 
lured  in  degrees  of  latitude,  embracet 
m  fpace  of  twenty-three  degrees  and  an 
half,  between  Cape  Palmar  on  the 
confines  of  Pafto,  and  Morro-Moreno  on 
thoie  of  the  kingdom  of  Chile.  Choien 
te  be  the  throne  of  light  in  the  fouthem 
hemifphere,  it  fproads  precifely  over  the 
whole  of  the  fpace  which  the  fun  declines 
from  the  centre  of  the  fphere,  ro  animate 
k  by  its  benign  influence.  Its  breadth, 
which  we  (hall  place  between  107  and  310 
ile|;rees  of  longitude,  the  firft  meridian 
b«ng  fixed  at  the  Peak  of  Teoe-i^e, 
varies  according  at  the  coafts  are  at  a 
mater  or  fmalfer  diftance  fr-om  the  Cor- 
iUiera  or  chain  of  mountains.  From 
the  line  to  the  eighth  degree  there  is  a 
ileparation  of  about  one  hundred  and 
twenty  leases)  but  from  hence,  in- 
lenfibfy  as  it  were,  gaining  ground,  its 
jpreateft  diftance  to  the  eighteenth  degree 
It  reduced  to  feventy  leagues  only.  By 
chafing  a  middle  term  between  thefe  two 
eatrpmet,  and  allowing  twenty  leagues 
to  the  degree,  the  refult  gives  to  Pern 
m  plane  fupeipficies  .of  44.650  fquare 
'kajruet  •. 

-  The  whole  of  this  vaft  Aiperficies  (ervet 
tiM  a  bails  to  the  great  Cordillera  of  the 
Andes,  which,  feparating  majeftically 
beneath  the  equator,  and  dividing  itlelJF 
into  two  branches,  the  one  eaftem  and 
the  other  weftem,  parallel  to  each  other, 
and  for  the  greater  part  to  the  fouthem 
«oafis,  procmlt  on  to  the  tropic  of  Ca- 
pricorn. In  its  way,  the  eaftem  branch 
takes  a  bend  towards  the  fouth  eafl,  and 
terminates  in  the  plains.  The  weftem 
<me  penetrates  into  the  kingdom  of 
Chile  f  •    The  higheft  points  of  each  of 

*  The  limits  which  we  afcribe  to  Peru, 
«iid  which  are  deduced  from  the  contempU- 
lioo  of  the  equinoxes,  the  folfticcs,  and  the 
varieties  of  the  foil  and  climates,  agree  with 
thofe  cftabliAied  by  the  political  demarca- 
tion^ executed  by  the  Y ncas,  as  we  (hall  ex- 
plain more  fully  when  we  ihall  proceed  to 
treat  of  tKem. 

+  To  elucidate  this  fubjcfl  as  much  as 
vemUe,  it  is  proper  in  this  place  tatlate  that 
be  part  of  South  America  comprehended  be^- 
fween  the  equator  and  the  tropic  of  Capri« 
com  Is  diTided,  porth  and  fouth,  by  three 
potdilletas,  or  chains  of  mottotAins.  Firft, 
that  of  Brafil,  which,  commencijig  about 
the  equinoAitl  liiie,  mns  to  the  Sierras  or 
mouotaias  of  Bdaldonado,  io  the  river  of 
JtoPUta.  Secondly,  the  eaftero  one  of  Peru, 
which,  originating  in  the  fnow<<lad  mouo- 
yuitf  of  Saou  Mftrchai  on  the  coafines  of 


S%0  Pijfieat  ^fgrttphj  tf  Peru. 


them  are  oovered  with  a  iiMfv  u  mcieat 
as  the  world  ;  tebA  their  rofeshoes,  whick 
yoant  forth  a  perpetual  €ft  in  thertgi<m 
of  froft  and  cold,  preftnt  a  teirific  ipec. 
tacle  to  the  philofopber  who  contcBipbtcf 
them. 

If  the  worth  of  coimtrsea  were  to  be 
cftimated  by  the  greater  or  left  exteafiQB 
they  afBord  to  population  and  to  agricul- 
ture, the  Royal  Cordillera  wovld  diici* 
niih  the  value  and  eftimati^D  of  Pent, 
fince  its  eminences  and  declivitiesii  iat 
from  augmenting  the  proportion  of  cuU 
tivabie  land  which  would  be  found  at  th? 
baiiea  of  thia  chain  of  monntainsj  dimi. 
niih  them  extremely  { :  buti    in  retvm, 

tlie  northern  fea,  runs,  as  has  been  f<M4,  to* 
wards  the  Tropic,  from  wheoce  it  takei  u 
inclined  diredion  towards  the  (biith  eaft,  tak 
terminates  in  tho  plains  of  the  great  ChacQ> 
Thirdly,  the  veftcrji  onti  which  prxeedi 
from  North  America,  paflet  the  ifthuos  of 
Panama,  and  redoubles  the  whole  of  the 
fouthem  coaft  to  Cape  Horn.  Between  the 
northern  fea  and  the  nrft  CoidiUeta  liesBruil; 
between  the  6rft  and  iecond  lie  the  great  and 
lofty  plains  of  the  country  of  the  Amasoos} 
and  in  the  line  in  which  tilidfe  plains  terminate, 
the  IccoodCoBdillertfionmiciicfii,  tadoctxifo 
Feru,  which  is  comprehended  within  tiiii 
one  ^nd  the  third.  The  aqcient  Yncas  gave 
to  each  of  them  the  naaoe  of  Rifijupt,  which 
fignifies  zhndoffitato:  and  as  the  four  car- 
dinal points,  which  they  called  Tavwunjvpif 
were  denoted  by  the  fubjugated  natioru 
which  they  viewed  towards  them,  that  01' 
the  Aiuit,  which  is  to  the  eaft  of  Cuico, 
gave  the  came  as  well  to  the  mountaiiif 
which  defcend  from  the  fecond  Cordillera 
into  the  plains,  as  to  this  fame  Cordillera 
which  precedes  them.*-We  fttll  preferve 
thefe  titles,  having  corrupted  the  word^ii, 
into  Andes,  and  afterwards  applied  the  fane 
term  to  the  fouth  Cordillen.  We  iay  thac 
both  thefe  Cordilleras  lie  beneath  the  equator, 
fince,  notwithftanding  io  the  province  of 
Popayan  they  are  already  divided  and  paralle!, 
their  mountains  are  fo  low  that  at  two  de- 
grees to  the  north  they  have' not  the  fourth 
part  of  the  elevation  of  thofe  of  the  fflutb. 
Hence  it  is  that  the  climate  is  very  dificr- 
cnt  fsom  that  of  high  Peru. 

{  Taking  it  for  granted  that,  inconie^ 
quence  of  the  parched  and  dry  fttte  of  the  dc- 
cUyitie5  of  the  fouthern  mountains,  and  of 
the  inj^ubrity  of  the  fumtnitt  of  the  Cordil- 
lera, it  would  be  iropoihble  to  people  vd 
cultivate  them,  we  can  venture  to  a^ert  chat, 
4V£n  if  it  v)ere  pra&iotAk  to  txauu  bcth^  tk 
curvaturiSf  ^ectlvitici^  and  hllovs  ^tbt  m^^" 
tans  imuld  not  add  ope  handful  ^  a/ffkJJxirr 
tbat*tobicb  tbdr  bajts  toould  oford^  rft^i»i 
not  exift.  This  propofition,  p aradoxieal  « it 
snay  appear,  is  an  incot>tefttt>le  truth,  bnre 
all  the  trees  which  arc  planted  00  the  confei 

fvperttiei 


Ptttt....FrQmlbt  Peruvian  A^rtitryi 


119 


itafordsofchtr  gdvantagtt  whKh  are  Aot 
only  a^Ic  tO  iwrp  itp  w  balaiice«  but 
alio  to  gift  a  pitponderaiwe  Xp  the  fide 
of  the  tecritoiy*  For  the  aac]kite6bire 
of  this  Cordillera  appcan  t6  be  altogp. 
tW  diftinA  Croni  tliat  which  aatun  dif- 
playt  in  the  organization  of  the  reft  of 
the  globe;  or*  rather,  it  b  iti  dcfign 
siad  coinpledaii.  Divided  into  two  parts 
it  coopofts  at  many  woridt,  the  one. 
high,  the  other  low*  in  which»  as  hat 
already  been  faid^  is  united  whatever 
diftinguiihes  Africa  from  Alia,  and  both 
of  thd'e  coxuointly  from  £uft>pe. 

The  high  wond  occupies  tHe  ground, 
which  teomXKt  xhe  two  above  mentioned 
chaint  of  mountains,  whofe  fimunits  are. 
di^t  iinom  »ch  other,  ten,  twenty,  and, 
in  fonii;inftaB€ea^£fty  leagues }  it  indeed 
happens  that  in  fame  pEices  they  meet 
and  unites  by  the  inter^fition  ofa  third 
CoidHJehi  which  runt  caft  and  weft. 
Soch  are  thofe  of  Afuay  and  Moxanda  in 
the  kingtfom  of  Quito  *,  notwithftand- 
ine  their' foil,  covered  with  verdure  and 
foliage,  is  ipternipted  by  innumerablt, 
heat^  and  deep  clefts.  They  can  alone  be 
delcriW  by  tnc  words  of  a  philofopher 
who  had  Qccailon  to  examine  them,  Is 
'fcenSjif^  fays  be,  the  rude  and  terrifie 
mountmnj  tubicb  look  towards  tkefouibfea^ 
n  cannot  fpjffibh  occur  to  the  human  mindf 
tint  on  ttitr  fi)Ofdders  others  ofemUd  mag^ 
fdiudeJbouUrife^'  and  that  aUoftbemJbuM 
fcrve  to  /belter t'  in  tbetr  common  bofom^ 
that  bapfy  country  -wbere  nature,  in  ber 
moft  bountiful  mood,  or  rather,  inberpro^ 
dtgalitv^  bias  painted  the  image  of  terrejlrid! 
faradift\. 

The  low  world  is  fituated^  the  phaiu  of 
mountains  being  interpofed,  between  the 
^efUrn  branch  and  the  ocean,  which  are 
diftant  from  each  other  from  ten  to  twenty 
leagues.    It   confifts  of  a  multitude  of 

Lperfides  oi  a  mouhtam  have  to  Hand  per- 
pendicularly to  the  horiion,  and  c;uft  con- 
iw'.^ucntly  have,  on  the  homonral  bafe,  as 
n:;.".)'  points  of  corrcfpondence  and  fuppoit  as 
they  occupy  in  the  mountain.  Jr  rclulrs 
trwni  hfnce,  that,  the  fpace  which  the 
pbn:  attbius  being  already  filled  up,  nothiiig 
^orc  tan  be  pUnred  or  fowu  in  all  the  un- 
f^u4l  iurfacet  of  the  mobntaiu  by  v;hlch  it 
'  s/cvupted.  It  is  equally  demonltrablc  that 
a  .Tiourtaiiious  territory  fan  contain  no  n'.ore 
Uufci  or  inhabltanti  than  the  bafcit  orcu- 
r-ti,  fuppofing  it  ie veiled. 

'  richer  Anniigh,  in  his  complete  hif- 
tOT)-,  in  manurcript,  or  the  niiitijns  to  the 
A:}uc5  mountains,  allVrcs,  that  there  is  ano- 
ther of  th^fe  junftions  in  the  province  of 
J-tn  4c  BracamoTOS. 

t  Boiiguer,  figure  de  la  Terre,  p.  3^, 

M«ktuiyJ4ag.No.  XXVI. 


(loping  plains,  wkich,  ddcending  from 
tbis  branch  from  the  line  to  Tumbet, 
terminate  in  immcnje  forefts,  and  advanoo 
fr^nn  hence  towards  the  boniert  oJF  thtf 
ocean,  at  if  with  a  deiiga  to  limit  iti 
empire*  The  aboTe  plains  are  ieparated 
from  each  other  bv  vaflies,  which,  origi-t 
nating  at  the  coalt  of  the  ocean  with  % 
breadth  of  from  three  to  eight  leagiiet^ 
take  an  eaftem  direftion,  being  bounded 
on  the  north  and  on  the  fouih  by  a  feriea 
of  hills,  which,  augmenting  in  propor- 
tion at  they  enter  Sierra,  divide  thq 
wcftern  chain^  occafionally  croft  the  fub^j 
fe^uent  fpace,  intcrfcA  the  eaftem  chaiq^ 
and  terminate  in  the  plains  of  the  country, 
of  the  AmazQi^t,  preferving  a  great  re^ 
femblance  to  their  origin.* 

By  this  defcription  it  would  appear* 
that  the  true  dii-eflion  of  the  Peruviaa 
AIds  is  by  no  means  north  and  fouth» 
as  has  been  affcrted,  and  that  thofe  who». 
upon  this  groundj  have  fancied  they 
could  overturn,  by  a  iinglc  effort^  tho 
lyfteras  of  Copernicus  and  Newton,  have 
not  paid  a  luificicnt  attention  to  thi^ 
lirtyeft.  Formed  of  an  i  fiilte  (eriea 
of  high  ^  mountains,  which  run  weft  01^ 
eaft,  or  in  a  contrary  dire^lion,  betweea 
the  Sou^h  fba  and  the  country  of  the 
Amazons,  and  riiing  to  a  prodigious 
height  in  the  middle  of  their  career,  they 

♦.By  the  defcription  we  have  juft  given^ 
it  apptars  that  Peru  is  no  other  than  tw<F 
COTdiliens,  which,  by  the  declivities  that 
unite  them,  form  Sierra,  and  one  of  which^ 
by  its  oppo^te  fides,  coropofei  the  ftiountaint 
of  the  Aodei,  wliile  theotheti  in  a  fimilar 
way,  compotes  the  coaft.  If  the  divifionof  Per« 
be  to  be  taicen  from  the  dire^ion  of  the  fum* 
mits  of  the  mountains,  by  which,  accordin|^ 
to  the  Ideas  of  Don  Ulloa,  in  his  Amerlcaa 
Notices,  it  is  fcparated  into  the  higher  and 
lower  worlds,  the  mountains  belong  cxsJu- 
Cvely  to  this  plan  of  divifion.  But  if  th« 
diftindive  charaderiftics  be  to  be  drawn  from 
the  qualities  of  the  foil  and  climate,  Peru 
(hould  be  divided  into  three  parts,  as  has. 
been  done  by  Fachcr  Acofta,  in  his  Natural 
Hiftory,  page  175.  Thcfc  divifions  are  aa 
follow :  ift.  The  nsountains  of  the  Andes* 
2d.  La  Sierra.  And  3d.  The  coaft,  or  plains. 
Characlcrirtics  of  the  firft  j  ww/rfif/  rAtn,  ewrf 
^'kcre  nm.mcin.usi  tLt  temf  nature  warm.  Of 
the  fecond,  rcguUr  Jeahns,  meteoii.  Gf  the 
third,  dryneft,  the  temf^U  of  the  Jjfying.  Since 
the  principal  aim  of  divisions  confifts  of  order 
and  pcifpicuity  In  the  fuUjtit ^[natter  treauA 
of,  we  (hall  endeavour  to  pcefeivc  bothyi^ 
adopting  the  firft  divifion  j  aud  a'.though,  in 
dciciiliug  the  low  v.ovlij  v.t  have  confined 
ourftlves  to  the  baic<.m9nuon  of  the  coaft, 
we  ihall,  on  a  future  oppatuoity,  cj.tcr  in- 
to a  particular  examination  ^t  th^y^uiC^u^^ 
ing  lc6Uons. 

R  vnite> 


Pifth^Tbi  rtrgimM  Opfffkm. 


12a 

nmtey  udtppev  todltvitw  totakf  a 
third  courfef .  The  del^tfvl  world  we 
w»  about  to  flcei^h,  wo&l  iKithlckmi 
hj  the  imperMk  defcript&odr  of  our  pen/ 
it. it  had  ix>r  bcea  iUailnaedbjrthBdi" 
vineftpoetof  the  age,  10  whole  fublinia 
geoiiu  thetaflk  wae  nicnrad  ?• 

Felices  nbEdtttif  po(>ttli,  ^veh  pro£p  tellos 
Fu^C  opes  td  Tou  fatt,  qudt  coorigit  if^ftu 
iEoiuk  verit,  HyeiAt  ftftefrigore,  oiihiVaf  ier 
U^qe  cireos,  Mill^ue  (btualbtcttiidiiM  ini' 

bfe.« 
'  Certain  philofophers  have  undertaken 
to  taSi  to  nature  a  temple  worthy  of  her 
immenfity — a  temple  in  which,  her  plro* 
duftioni  being  depofited,  the  boiies  of 
all  animated  beingt  IhouM  be  collefted  in 
^  centre;  and  that  ill  this  tdnib  of 
corpfes  dmth  fhould  «PP«^9  ^  give  life 
and  Yigoor  to  art.  rem  is  her  anavft 
temple,  in  which,  witHoyt  the'  neceflity 
of  the  feeble  decorations  of  the  chifel  and 
thepencil|  without  the  neceflity  of  Tiew- 
ing  her  (enfible  creatures  humbled  in  the 

■f-  In  the  hypothefis  of  the  motion  of  the 
earth  and  uDiverfal  gravitation,  the  ccjitri- 
fugal  force,  augmented  beneath  the  equator, 
Atould,  to  prdduce  the  monDtaios  of  the 
Andes,  have  giren  them  a  direAion  caftaad 
weft,  as  is  the  cafe  with  the  moontaint  of 
the  Moon  in  Africa.  Thus  did  they  in  reality 
sun  north  and  footh,  the  hypothefis  would. 
be  overturned;  but  our  new .  ob(enratioas> 
convince  us  of  the  contrary.  The  above-oien- 
tioocd  dtre€Bons  having  been  examined  with 
the  niceft  attention,  it  appears  that  neither 
the  particular  feries  proceed  prccifely  from 
eaft  to  weft,  nor  the  junction  of  them  north 
and  fouthr  The  latter  declines  to  the  fouth 
eaft,  and  the  particular  feries  declhie  in  the 
fiune  proportion,  to  the  weft  ward  fnnn.weft 
lo  fouth-weft,  and  to  the  eaftward  from  eaft 
to  north-caft.  The  reafon  of  this  is,  that 
South  America  does  not  com'plctely  interfed 
the  equator.  -Thus,  if  a  line  were  to  be 
drawn  through  its  middle,  longitudinally,  it 
would  form  with  the  equinoctial  line  an 
angle  of  fixty  degrees  only,  inftead  of  ninety. 
To  reftore  tlie  dhe42iaos  of  our  coxdilleras  in 
fiich  ^  way  as  (hat  they  fhould  look  prccifely 
towards  the  cardinal  poIn\s«  it  would  be  ne- 
ceflary  that  a  comet,  fuch  as  the  one  of 
which  WitisToN  dreamed,  fiioald  n^ake  its 
appeartnccj  fliould  fuddeoly  attack  thU  con- 
tinent to  Cape  Horn,  and  pufli  it  thirty  de- 
Ipecs  to  the  weftward. 

•  Vanier,  Praed.  pag.  117. 

Thefe  fines  may  be  thus  freely  tfanflated ; 

**  O  hap^y  people  to \vKon»the  eirth  pours 
iirth  harftores  at  wjjj  j  on  yrl^om  providence 
has  beftowed  fumrnc/s,  the  coolncu  uf  which^ 
emulate  the  ijpringj  w'vntefs  without  cold; 
a  cloudlefs  nrmament ;  aud  a  (oil  highly  fer- 
tile withoat  ihowere. .  ,     . 


diibal  anrar  of  oTtlie  ieiinlcfaiei  ihe  dif. 
playa  harStU  \Mag9  and  m  all  her  fploi- 
doc^.  lite  1dgk.««1lKitiiii6  prbu^iid 
nam :  ita  Adofiar'ibifflriir  te  «lc«atioA 
tO'OlympSf  r  nanof ,  |ma«ar  or  the  Fy^ 
xcncaa  wpttntimty  iiippo|ta  a  migiufi- 
ccnt^Kade  looting  aowanla  the  aocth, 
aadt  cnwBBd  bf  the  otWhial  iaq[«aor. 
The  odifiee,.  jwtach  tcmiMtet  bcaetth 
the  tiopar  o£  Capfkom,  ^  aowMd  at 
the  mMianiby^aDoiher  .archofv«qaal 

cSbaut!  yiiemutml  MmSg  Cmknmi 
9aAT4U9rat  aivthecolomna^wUchk 
ia.  fiiptnet^  ^  JmtifiKfa,  .Ctttfni;  Tm- 

waA'  Chtke-PvAmf  ait^fo  «iaiiy4nextui- 
gniihable  lampa^  .which,*  oomcd  by  t 
Uttck  vapour,  jparpetoateiinciAiiBgly  the 
wafftipoitfae  Deity.  < 

'    M[7eAecaadttWfl»«MrarJKt.] 


ForthiMombfy  Magti 
Defcriptiooof  the  &nfw<  Wig^akuLOpoffeiB, 
of  Pennaat)  lately>mght  jdi^eJaeoFiaace, 
bx  Cit.  Rooelle,  .being  an.cxtxa&  of  a  let- 
ter written  by  Um  to  Cit.  Toiican,*  Keeper 
of  the  Natiooal  Mufeum  of  Natural  Hiftivy. 

THE  Sartque,  or  OpoflTum  of  the 
'  Americana,  it  fbuml  in  moft  of  the 
woody  and  warm  paitt  of  that  Continent. 
Its  hair  it  bronmi,  and  white  at  the  tips; 
the  tail  is  rather  long,  nftked,  and  reCon- 
blingthat  of  thent:  its  eaca  are' open, 
nAmded,  rery  thin,  and  boixiered  with  a 
b'gfat  brown  edge.  It  it  a  filent  animal, 
deeping  durmg  the  day  and  coming  fbrtb 
from  its  retreat  only  towaxds  the  dofe  of  * 
evening  I  it  fteks  its  pixJF  in  the  ^ght,  re- 
turning  at  day-break  to  its  hole,  which  it 
geneiaBy  due'  mider  the  txMCa  of  ^me  great 
tree,  and  wdl. lined  with  .graft 'or  mo(i. 
They  dwell  generally  in  pairs,  but  fome 
mates  lead  a  folitary  life.  Fruits  of  varioos 
kinds  conftitute  its  principal  food,  and  it 
wilt  eagerly  derour  tne  eggs  and  young  of 
birds.  lu  flefh  is  reckoned  excellent  eat- 
ing, and  vaft  numben  are  annually  de> 
ftroyed  bv  the  natives  andjwiid  quadru- 
peds: betngveiy  ill  provided  for  defesof, 
and  running  but  ilowly,  as  fbon  as  it  is 
purfued  it  alcendsa  tree,  and  finng  itieJf 
by  its  prehcnfile  tail  on  one  of  the  topmeft 
and  flenderefl  branches,  it  remains  fuf- 
pended  with  the  head  downwards  till  the 
purfuit  has  ceafed :  the  Indians,  IkiwcTer, 
climb  the  tree,  and  breaking  the  boijgbtq 
which  the  Opoffum  has  ftxed  itfelC^^ 
animal  falls  to  the  ground  and  is  ifrised  b^ 
the  do^s  in  waiting  below.  It  brings  fcHt: 
Irom  loiur.to  twelve  ycAiiiff>  without  wjiic 
fertility,  the  fpecies  would  foon  |k  aas 
heated  by  itaAiHSOOva  c 


iodauu£*< 


iP^fllGi N  AJU.  PO E Til Y. 


|#Mk.  AtTBOlt  AlXXN,.  M  f/l)b«j  XAOViif 
*     BY  Mil.  »Y»i;  •     .. 

A  IRINy  Ihere  breathes  in  fntad&w  what 
^    b^flet-  "^ 

The  haavy  houn^  when  dark  diftended  cWiida 
Boxft^a'er  the  head  in  torrentij  or  hieh  hea- 
ven     /  .      . 
RoJliWitcring  deep-mouth'd  thunder,  and 

fjroinlar    ' 
pe  forked  lightning  darts  athwart  the  /ky , 
Rmck  travelling  down  to  th'  eye  with  das- 

rfingriys:       ' 
]J«>darknifi  all  aroafid,ho«rtWaet  fhevoict 
W  friend !  la  converfe  kind  there  dwells  a 
'  diann^  .,...; 

That  wakea  n  fmile,  and  mocks  the  found- 
ugftonn.         •  '    '■        ':  -^ 

Norlcfs,  when 'mid  the  bafren  dreary  heath 
The  traireUar  ftrays,  where  fcarce  a  heath- 
flower  bloomt 
Yellow,  or  purple,  as  where  Pe^tlsrnd  lifts 
H»  ridge,  or  fprcad  thSd  poor  unthri/liy  plains 
Of  Cardigan,  (when  Pity's  eye  fijrvcys    ^  . 
Rade  heapf  of  lime  and  ftonc,  which  induftry 
But  mock,  and  fcarce  a  hedge-row  deigns  to 
'  fmilc,  .  : 

Save  the  poor  furze  3—)  or  toiling  when  h« 
'  cKmfas  .        .       '     . 

Soewdoo  or  hoar  Pltnlimmon**  craggy  itdes, 
Breeooc,  or  Grampian  fummits :— Who  fur« 

wy, 
nactirt*s  grand  fccn^,  may  not  always  hope 
To  view  the  culturM  garden,  or  the  lawn 
w  vadwolbftly  fmooth,  or  daified  ville  : 
Nor  always  may  he  meet  the  wilder  charms-  - 
Of  brighter  piftntefqae }  nor  gaae  entranced 
The  lake,  whofe  fair  cxpanfci  like  minor 

dear, 
What  (miles  uno&the  bank,  of  buib,  or  tree. 
And  heaven*a  blue  vault,  reflets  5  for  na- 
ture's tints. 
Various  as  hold,  ^play  no  common  tortc^ 
She,  fiulfnl  painter,  from  the  wide  ettremes. 
Of  rough  and  fmooth,  of  light  and  Ihade, 

cflfeaf  ' 

The  dairobfcure,  the  glory  ofher  work.    ' 
Oh !  ye  whb  couyt  the  frlent,  calm  retreats 
Of  contemplation,  and  whomoft  prefer 
Thefoliury  walk,  asfuitmgbtft 
Their  views,  who  figh  to  pierce  the  fecret 

haunts  •  .  . 
^H^*  marking  her  Tsgaiiseftninge, 
And  bow,  and  unrcfbained  as  fhe,  tp  mufe 
The  free,   the  Mpturoos  lay;  £mi  pace  along 
»ottr  lonely  way^  and.be  your  mufingsfweetl ' 
Fnendihitf  hn  too  its  charms :  for  kindred 

'msnd^,  / 

Refleaiilg  thought  ibr  thought,  like  travel- 
••  l«rt|^-^       ...... 

Bring  ac]i«>«M|ilbM  Mmowa  treafum 


'OrTcairnJliifch  the  cU!r,<Sf>!erc!fJg"dei^'  "• 
The  fecret  mine,  or  filver-vrindlng  flream 
«kimhHttg  in  wttoMhvefli^  or  wlth:flair,^ 
Like  jolly  pilgrim,  pacing  witli  flow  ftep 
The  patiaofs  moir,  whex^the  Ouurt  windU- 
'•'•  '•     ftray  .\-  .-.'-•  -; 

Of  filvery  brown,  dtfperfed  with  many  a  knob 
And  gr^en  tall  rufli,  obftrua  the  doubtful 
"  ^-  "     fbot}-  -    '/     "'•  ^    ••  ••'  ••  "t 

Converfe  it  doubly  fweet— and  fuch,  my 
'^  •  •  *  fHeiid-,'    ■  *  ^     -..^  ^  .^  - . 
We  have  enjoyed }  but  now  agree  to^take 
A  long  fafewell  t  and  thus  dboughhumag 

life  5  .  -        -  , 

Vbrwhat  jsilumal^Uftt^  v6iy*!i  fliort  jouniey» 
M^th  changes  fraught ;— now  up  the  wond* 
'^  ;    -rMs height  -    -      ■   ■  ■* 

Hope  climbs,  and  wiftiiil  views,  and  views 

•■'   •  bgliil''  •     ■'  *. .-"*" 

The  lengthening  profpea— calls  the  profpe^f 

.Now,  like  the  lightfome  k!d,,o*er verdant 
•J'  '••laiWn    •---  .        "     -  .    •    '  ? 

She  fprings  &  then,  *mldft  the  fcSitary  waite 
Sings  chOalfiil>  though  no  voice  fhe  hcatir 
•  -tfnnihdk    •'•  -        \ 

Save  the  rude  northrcsft,  or  the  ^aeoiloui 

brook,  ^ 

Che fcreaming  eagle t  then'rudeocean (leava. 
Ocean'  of  gri^  and  caresythe  boifierous  wave^ 
Till, pnlbnM round,  ihe  fickena.    Oh!  my 

fticnd,         •  ', "" 

Sweet  then'is  converfe  $  for  toman  ^tis  given 
To  chear  the  foul  ^ith  converfe  1  noUor  man'' 
Nature  has  dtft'*rencod  £rom  the  ipeechleia 

brute 
By  voice,  by  jreafon  t^hoiw  he  rifes  high. 
Proudly  profpedive  !  •  How  he  looks  aroundj^ 
With  nobler  front,  and  foul-iafpiring  joy! 

But,  AiklA,  now  we  part;   tho*  fcene  fo 

-  fwect 

Might  tim^teue  (fott*  extend  oorfodal  walk*: 

Do  N K X  L  D,oh!  lov*d  retrtet,bmbcffinn*d  deep 

In  boldeft  l&eks,  and  woods,  that  graceful. 

clothe  <     . 

Themoufifiiin^dc,  bdUe  whaCe  foiillngcotf 
RtfUshjapeUttcid  Aretai  the  fprightlyTayV. . 
Scotia*s  divider  Ateam,  defcending  ^uick, 
MMii«?ril|g  wtto,  BMidalbinUfihrerJake,  '  r 
Faft  haftening  to  the  Frith:    Here  bron^er 

ii      fAtM,      •••.*••.    ^  •  -• 
Tht  greener  piae^  and  lavch  of  paler  hue 
Spread  their  moft  wanton  blanches;  every. 

■  tMt  o  .--••■'.  '•-  ,  : 

A  language  bonows,  as  proclaiming  thee, 
DvNKSt D,  its  favourite .  fweeteft  refiilence. » 


Whcikf  crtofiw'd  deep  14  oceaa*!  floods 


Enchanting  fcene !  farewell— So  bleft  a  fpot^ 
Mighc  ytell  allure  l;he  prieft  of  ancient  time  { 
(For  prudent  well  he  kneii^  to  thoofe  th* 

foil  '  ' 

or  faireft,  C^ettttk  fmSSki^'taott'mt       * 
For  holy  mufings)  well  might  it  allure, 
To  nUe  hit  temple  hcrci  andftUt  tppcaiv 

The 


%Vk 


Mr.  Dyn  U  Mr.  AiUn. 


TJ&e  faintea  abbey*  whofe  tint-meulderoA 

walls 
Briogto  the  menlofy  tHe  fAt  Cothic  bauBti 
Of  Tintern,  Monniduth*!  hit  fequc'fter'd^ 

tle^  which  Wye  pours  the  wild  romaotic 

flood. 
Low  funk  in  etrth  the  gates!  and  round 

thcftones 
The  iMoing  iTy  twines  its  wanton  arms 
In  dofe  embrace  \  and  through  the  windows 

howl 
Rude  winds,  and  no  fair  fretted  roof  is  feen. 
Heavens  arch  its  only  roof,— 4uid  pavement 


As/natuns*  fongfters !  And  what  fcesc  io  gay 
As  the  ftlll  changing,  ftill  delightful  chaogs 
lOf  hin%na  dKte,  and  dceji  romantic  gleo, 
12oick-^idlng  '  ftteam,    and  ever  babbling 


Save  the  green  grafs,  with  here  and  there 

between    ' 
The.mofs  clad  monument,    thefe  ftill  a*. 

noonce 
Who  li¥*d,  and— fleep,  and  wake  to  fleep  no 


The  prieft  no  more  here  chaunts,  aa  meafur- 

logout  a 

IHie  hour,  his  matin  and  his  ev*aing  fong, 
Though  ftiU  a  portion  of  the  ttaXt^  dome 
The  Prelbyter  has  claimed,  and  here  he  poon 
The  fenrent  prayer,  thankful  in  happier  hour 
That  popery  ileeps ;  ■  end  thoa  tomt  ftrangay 

round 
The  world,  and  thus  to  contemplation's  eye 
Appears  to  play  the  wanton,  fickle  game. 

But  ere  we  part,  my  friend,  let  us  afcend 
Yon  ftately  mountain,  and  trace  back  our 

courfe. 
Centle  th*  efcent,  and  many  a  grateful  herb 
If  as  natute  fcatter'd  round  with  IkiUiil  hand. 
The  modeft  heath-Hower  here  its  purple  tints 
DifpUys,  and  broom  its  yellow  fplendours| 

here 
The  fern  fpreads  broad,  and  here  the  juniper 
Puts  forth  its  berry,  by  the  prickly  green     , 
,  Gnlrded,  and  many  a  flower  of  rarer  hue 
.With  her  own  hand  flie  waters  :—pleafing . 
{  heights! 

,  Now  we  hare  gained  the  mountains  facred 

brow!    *         .  "- 

fiow  glows  the   laodflcape!    For   no    flu- 

dowing  cloud 
Obftrufti  the  fight :  How  heav'ns  own  Ta^ . 

rying  hues 
9hine  on  the  face  of  nature !  Mount  on  mount 
HeK  climbs,  and  these  the  leflTemng  hilli  re- 

The  towenng  wood,  where  trees  innuBwrous 

'.•     Ipraad,*    . 
Shrinks  to  the  flender  copfe,whiIc  fiatelyTay 
Seemara  poor  i^reamlettothe  aftenifli'd  fightt. 
Horn  many  a  day*a  long  journey  now  appears 
To  ^i*  eye,  quick  traveller,  a  flMvt  fiim^ 

c     motwalk! 
At  &des  a  fcpes  of  long  wafting  caret, 
yn^en  joy  mounts  high,  and  diftance  veils 
"■^   '  •  Sierccfte.        -.:--. 

Kow  pl«tt'4^c^l  roTcga  lo^^elv  traveller. 
Tor  need  «>t  fecm  the  folitary  path 

Qr  binPiMfl^fva^^^'^t  Kb»t  ypice  fo  fwm 


And,  oh !  what  found  fo  fweet  as  w^eiji  fales 
Kifling  the  trembling  trees !  And  fancy  can 
Wake  founds  ftill  fwccter,  can  creaU  Dew 

fcenes, 
JFrefli,  gay,  ambrofial,  fuch  as  |Arer  feafe 
Of  mufeful  bard  fees,  hears,  and  grows  ia- 
fpir'd. 
There  are  t*  whom  humbler  walks  ban 
charms  t  their  feet 
Can  vifit  the  clofe  cot,  where  poverty 
Sits  patient,  and  where  industry  retirol 
From  daily  toil,.  drinks»in  the  poifoned  air. 
Nor  need  they  fcorn  to  tread  tiie  dark  retreat 
Of  prifoo,  and  point  out  to  Brf£i'ih!s  fons 
^hatnuy  demand  rodrefs:  fubjeaslikethci^ 
Soften  the  heart!  nor  ftiall  thelTuinbUgpattff 
Blufli  at  thefe  themes,  though  novfjjik^a^ce 

compeird 
To  different  mufings !— there  flie  learnt  to 

fcom 
The  low  difdains  of  contumely,  therecaught 
The  fire  of  indignation,  there  the  glow 
Of  mercy,  and  to  mercy  .tunes  her  lyre. 
Ye  generous  rich,  for  *mid  the  aiuneroas 
tribe 
Of  goId-gorgM  wealthy,  Brit^m  boafb  her  few 
df  rich,  and  generous,  fcocn  not  to  contrive 
How  beft  to  houfe  the  labourer,*  lethlm  taHe 
The  fwects  of  deaxUioefs,  and  know  to  breathe 
Pure  air ;  nor  let^him  tremble  at  th*  approach 
Of  every  wind  that  rides  the  pelting  ftorm. 
He,  for  your  luxuries  labours,  he  to  you 
Like  the  poor  patient  ox,  and  gentle  flkeq». 
Raiment  and  food  fupplies :  ah !  lay,  iball  he 
Meet  nothing  but  contempt,  and  low  neglcd> 
Who  deems  his  fellow  mean,  £ar  man*s  his 

fellow, 
Himfelf  is  mean — ^is  worthleis — a  mere  no- 
thing, 
And  though  he  force  the  poor*s  man\  out- 
ward worihip 
Knee-bent  to  th*  earth,  (hall  have  his  heart*! 

contempt. 

My  friend,  be  thine  to  rove  no  fhiltlefs  path 

For  fcience  guides  thee,  and  thyfclf  haft  nis^d 

Fair  hopef ,  and  pointing  thee  to  rumi  haunts 

«And  pleafing  themes,  thy  parent  leads  the  way. 

*  To  tliofe  who  have  vifited  the  wretched 
unhealtl^y  hovels  in  the  Highlands  of  Scot- 
land, ^nd  in  Ineland,  it  cannot  be  deemed 
ufifeafonahle  to  recommend  an  attentioa  ta 
the  more  decent  accommbdation  of  the  cot- 
ters, or  cottagers.  Men  of  fortune,  who  in 
future  may  build  on  their  eftatca  habits- 
tions  for  their  poor  tenanta,  would  do  well  to 
ftudy  a  moft  iotercfting  publication  eotitkdy 
'^cvitfa  and  EUvat'msfor  CfUm,**  byWood. 

\  See  a  Journal  of  a  Tour  throqgh  Kortb 
Wales  and  part  ofShrppftiire,  vrithObCcna- 
tions  on  Mineralogy,  and  other  bniBckcs  of 
Na^w4^OTtbx4f*KAi|P«.'..*   v. 


Original  Poetry. 


taj 


TheoMmtht,  witK  all  their  Tongi,  tod  frultt 

and  fl»i»5rt,     -        •     - 
Vaponrty  aodfttUen  tloudSi  and  froflfy  tad 

fnowSy 
Is  cafelcfs  ciunge,  to   Britain's    ftudloos 

yoQtli: 


And  when  ihe  took.her  iaft»  lier  long  Arf 

No  death-bed  terron  on  her  fpSrit  hang{ 
But  dying  kifles  from  her  cold  lips  fell. 
And   eager    bldfings    faultex^d    on ,  het 
tongae. 


Well  he  deffrihes^«nd  Britain's  ihidiout    ^^^  ^  her angelform  fliall  lleep  in  doftt 


fOHth 

Shall  bMs  his  toils — nor  lefs  with Et^kimo 

TALISftt 

With  critic  nilesy  andfoft  poetic  lays* 
MoaUi  tepder  hearts,  than  with  c  modeft 

ftiu 

To  ait  aod  fcience  lifts  t^e  minly  breaft. 
Nature*!  fair  wallcs  invite  the  various  quad 
Of  man,  who  all  around>  beneath,  sboTey  . 
Views  what  may  fire  the  genius,  to  purftie 
Studiei  direrfe,  yet  ufeful,  whiqh  unite, 
like  the  rich  hoes,  wliofe  fair  varieties 
fachioto  other  melting,  allcefirpire 
To  ciown  with  one  grand  arch  the  lofby 

Mv*ns 
Ot,IIke  the  nany-darting  rays  of  light. 
Which  ^ujck  converge,  and  form  one  luftrous 

point. 
Thy  taik  is  toil  and  patience  to  furvey* 
The  form,  pqfition,  and  proportions  due 
Of  mounuins^  and  their  ns^turea  theiioe  de«> 

dttce. 
Hence  fliall  determine  well  the  diftant  eyet 
What  treafnres  fleep  within,  or  0a(es  or  Itmef 
Granites,  or  porphyries,  norlhall  vain  afcent 
Thy  feet  beguile ;  to  thee  refearch  (hall  bring 
Its  plcaforea  due,  to  others  profit  bring. 
*Twas  thua»  where  circled  in  immortal  fnow, 
AJps  rear  their  tow*ring  fummits,  Sauflure-f 

raisM 
HIsfamM  high  monument ;  nor  lefs  (halt  thou 
Co  Scptia's  barren  rocks,  though  not  to  thee 
Thofe  rocks  (hall  long  prove  barren,  thou 

fluit  gain 
From  Scotland^  ^ons,  the  meed  of /air  r^nows^ 


It  Uvea  cnihrined  in  ev*ry  Icindred  foul 
Till  heaven's  laft  trumpet  wake  the  ilamh* 
'ring  juft, 
.And  fnendt  no  more  (hall  party    whllt 
countlefs  ages  roll.  L.  A. 


SONNET. 


AjS,  when  the  iie£blating  ftorm  la  paft. 
The  fun.  relumes  the  darkenM  face^f 

Each'  timid  flower  that  .flinink  before  tht 
blaft, 
Spreads  its  fweetbofbm  to  the  cheering  ray^ 

Bright  and  more  bright  its  tints  seviviiig 

glow  5 

Its  beauteous  petals  catch  the  genial  galc^ 

O'er  its  foft  breaft  enamout'd  Zephyrs  blow^ 

And  bear  new  fragranoe  through  the  fmil* 

ing  vale : 

Thus,  deareft  laora,  at  thy  bleft  return. 
Thy  lover's  witheT'd  peace   ihall 
again; 

Thefe  eyes  (hall  ceafe  to  weep,  this  heart  t» 
mourn. 
If  lore  and  ftedftft  truth  reward  my  paia^ 
While  love  and  fpotlefs  purity  are  thine. 
The  blifs  of  angela  cannot  rival  i 


SONNET 


7b  f^M^Moar  of  Miss  K. 
Q  She  was  iair  as  lilies  of  £he  vale  t 

Her  voice  was  heavenly  1  on  her  Haded 
cheek. 
With  racking  pain  and  lengthened  fickneCs 
pale. 
Sat  caim-«yed   faith   and   patience  eve^ 
meek. 
Domeftic  love  would  watch  th?  livelong  day ^ 
Smoothing  her  fleeplcfs /pillow,  ihe,  the 
wklle, 
Ib  thaokfol  filniue  wok  the  hours  awav, 
Heviving  hope  with  many  a  tender  /mile. 


t  CaUndtr  •/ Sttun: 
turai  m/tiy  hf  P^ehji' 
/£»ar,**  ftc.  byDr.Aikta. 

•  Th«  leadin^g  obje'a  of  Mr.  A/s  Tour  Ih-' 
to  Scotland,  was  a  mineralogy  forvty  of  th« 
country. 

-f-  A  ttlebratcd  Minenlogift,  Author  9i  « 
work  catitlcdj  ^fV/*  ^<'«J^^«*2r. 


TO   AM   IKFAMT. 

CNCfW  drop  of  love !  fweet  inuge  of  thf 
fire, 

Whofe  eager  lips  a  father's  feclnags  fpeak^ 
Whofe  glowing  orbs  difdofe  afiedion's  fire  | 

Pleas'd  as  I  gaze  upon  thy  lovely  cheeky 

And  kifs  thy  ruby  Upa,  and  ftake^  thine  hand, 

Dim'd  are  mine  eyes  with  fympathjr^s  big 

tears  $ 

For  ah  !  methinks  I  fee  Fate's  Aeihlefs  ba^d. 

Weaving  around  thine  head  the  diftang 

years, 

Inwrought  with  fighs,  and  ftor'd  with  many  • 
groans 
Nay,  why  that  (mile?  PredlQion'a  dream* 
art  flown. 
**  TbeUfiqf  Nd"    ^»  lofely  rofe-bud !  to  the  wide  world  go^ 
and  <<  si/mMgt  or       ^^  ^  ^^  fun-beams  of  parental  tove| 
And  never,  never  nuy  thy  Ix>fom  prove 
One  pang  of  mental  grief,  one  hour  of  hnnuui 

woe. 
R'OTi^i^iirHt.    ^     JossrH  Jacksok. 


OUGINAI. 


Olir6iAAl,  ANECDOTES   AND  JtE^Kt^lNI 


EMINENT  'IPteRSOl^ 


£/if  m'.wixt  Namktr  vrnpf^foft  to  immmmi  sm' txienjvejltrks  of  jtave/bifsnklnfsmia^  tkhti 
e/* WXtroLXANAylcMf  .#  ^oikOim  tftrmai  Att-mais^ ,4fmh^ ^^Jf^^^i"!^^ 
pOg,  Ute  tori  of  Oxford  iJ^gJ^Jrm  hit  MS6.  mta,  aaiifnm  mmenm  Lmtmjftf^*  i  ^^ 
^Bittr^sfrom  many  of  bis  MpMfbed  Lettmi.     Tbit^h^le  srAle^mJlJh/ifnfi0t^i]^^Mum 

'  OtuUman^  vbo  wot  btmmtd  vitb  tU  M^ti  iMtimtu'iKqiithuamtfw-ffetatjun,  fnm  17U 

GoLDom,  THi  MODnN  Italian     •^^^?' !»^  ^*  'T?^  ^a  *  *^ 
'      Dramatist.  tibocr  in  Modena.    An  homd  cqriemoBf 

^^ .         ^  ^    '       .  of  ecclefiaftical  jurlCai^oi^  9twhid1.be 

(CotmmanttnidpMr.  Damam,)^        ,^  prcfcnt,  inTpu-ed  Urn  with  ^  |BfiUft> 

CHARLES  Goldoni  was  bora  at  Ve-    cbolj  turn,  and  ne  dietcnnuH4  ^  bccone 
nier,  in  thfe  year  1707. ,  He  gave   a  CapuJpbin,  ^  His JButlusr^  |iemtTaig  the 
early  indications  of  his  humoinrous^ch^       "    i--  •»  •        -  ♦ .  *  •  *- 1.._  i-^ 

rfi^en  a*  ^^  u  hts  invincible  propoifi^ 
tothofe  ftndies,  which  .have  rendefed  his 
ilSSat  i^ninortal.  His  father^  perceiving 
that  the  darling  amatemeht  of  his  Ton 


was  dramatic  performances,  kad  a  finall 


^'fitxt  erdEied  in  his  own  houfe^  in  ^Mdk 
ColdcMii;  while  yet  an  infiguity.  amufed 
Klhitetf,  with  tl^ree  or  four  of  his  com- 
panions, by  ailing  comedies.    Before  hj» 
was  lent  to  fchooT,  his  gei\ius  prompted 
Ithti  to  bebome  an  author.    In  the  feventh 
and  eighth  years  of  his  age,  ere  he  had 
Ilar^ely  learned  to  read  correftiy,  all  his 
time  was  devoted  to  the  ytm&Ag  comic 
wnters,  among  whom  wki  Citofnimi  a 
Fbrentinei  little  known  in  the  dramatic 
commonwealth.    After  having  well  ftu- 
died  thefe,  he  Tmtfxred  ttf  iketch  out  the 
plan  of  a  comedy,  which  needed  more 
than  one  eye-witnefs  of  the  greateft  pro- 
bity, to  verify  its  btin^  the  produaion 
9f  a  chijd.        .     . 
>  Arter  having  iiniihed  his  grammatical 
ftndi^  at  yttRxty   aftd   his    rhetorfcal 
nudies  xttde  Jefuit*s  College  inPeruda, 
he  wa^  ftnt  to  a  boaiding-fchool  at  Ri- 
rriini,  to  ftudy  phiiofoj^y.   The  impulse 
of  nature,  however,'  nipcrftded  with  hhn 
the  ftudy  of  Ariftotle's  works,  ib  mucl^ 
ih  roffoas  in  tho6  times.    He  frequenfied 
iht  Oientrtf  with  uncommon  curiofitv  $ 
mod  paiKng  gradually  from  the  pit  to  me 
t^e,  etkteied  into  a  finitliar  acquaint-' 
ance  with  the  af^orf .  .  Whdi  the  feafon 
•f  comic  p^irformanceswa^  over,  aiid  ^e 
a^ors  were  to  remove  to  Chiozza,  yom^ 
Goldoiir  made  his  efcape  in  diieir  com- 
psuiy.    This  was  the  firft  &ult  he  com^ 
mittedj  whith,  according  to  hii*owh  con- 
MRm^  drew  a  ^rtat  man¥  othors  aiWr  it. 
His  father  Jiad  intended  nim  to-be  a  phy^ 
iician;   like  himielf :  the  yoong  man, 
hcwever,  was  wholly  Kwfk  todis  ftudy. 
fix  prdpore^  afterwards  to  make  hia  u 


wnipmcfil  inconftaat  hianQiic,<^  his  ftn, 
Ri^ed  to  fecond  this  proppfid^  and  pro^ 
milcd,t9  so.  aad.pment  hkn  to  t^ 
ffuaf4iao  of  the  Capnchint^in  Venice,  in 
the  hope  that  after  fome  ftay  in  that  eu 
tenfive  and  merry-  city,  his  xnelanctbly 
fitwouldceafe.    Thf  fcheme  (iipccc(i«d£ 
for  the  young  man,  tndulffing  iii  all  the 
laihionable  diflipatio^  of  ^,,placc»  ym 
cured  of  his  fooliiK  jefpjution.    Jt  was 
however  neccSary  for  him  to  b^.iettled 
in  fome  employment*  and  he  waapfcvailed 
ut>on  by  his  another*  after  ithe  ^Mh  of  his 
father,  to.exercifetbe  psofisffion  of  a  law- 
ver.  11^  Ve|uce«    By  a  fodden  reverfe-of 
fortune  be  was  compelled  to  f^a\t  at  onoi 
both  the  bar  and  Veoice.    HU  then  went 
to  MUan,  where  he  was  emplo]^  by  the 
reiSdent  of  Venice  in  the  capacity  of  &• 
cretary,    where    becoming  acquainted 
with  the  manager  of  the  thie^re,  be 
wrote  a  farce,,  eotltkdr  i/  G9mdtiun  ft- 
tuseumo,  .the  Venetian  Condol^r;  which 
was  the  firft  comic  prodlu^on  of,|ii*tha^ 
wasperformed  and  printed.    Some  t  tine 
if^er,  Gotdoiii  broke  with  the  Venetian 
refident,  .and  removed^to^  Venma.  .Then 
was  in  this'  place,  at  that  time,  the  com- 
pany of  cpmediai^s  of  .^ijbcatre  of  St. 
Sah^uiil  of  Venice,  and  among,  them  the 
famous  aftor  C^,Anf(dd.a4qiiauitanfit. 
of  Go1do!ii,,who  intro0U(i;odhiiAla  the 
manager;    He  began  therefore  to  work 
for  the  .the^^tre,  and  became  inicnfibly 
united  to  ^e  company,   for'  ^srhich  he 
eompbfed  federal  pieces.   Havingtcniov- 


ed  along  with  than  to  GaiQp,'he  waafin' 
die  .fiiir  time  feixed.  with  an  ardent  ^ 
non  for  a  lady,  who  (bon  al^rwards  oe- 
cadie  \S%  wife.  He  returned  with  the 
oomjpany  to  Venice,  where  he  difilayidj. 
for  the  firft  tio^ .  the poi|^  of  his-fet- 
nius,  and  dcecuted  his  pbMto£.nafciaaM'' 
the  Italian  fbge.  He  wrote  the  AfssM'iN 
Ourtifim,  the  Sjundnrfg  and  oihcr  pie- 
ces* 


4c49UHt  rf  GMmu 


^St 


ces,  which  obtained  uniTerlal  admins    tonsoe  of  the  writer*    The  firft  atteifipt 


Tie  Ascmr  i^t^;  JAaJ^efix  ap<l»  Tj^'  clont  Varning  Jto  hin^  \o  defift >  from  hia^ 
Snt  $fHaflmd  hjt  andjbukd  ifl|^^«.  He  uncief takii^g^  I|a  contimied,  during  thq ^ 
ittunied'  to  VwSc^fy  HA  ;tti^  a&ut  exe-  remaQidar  of  hii(  .engagementy  to  woduce 
ctftiitg  aidie  niA'  mbre  l^s .  favourite .  pi^es  agi^e^ble  to  .the  goieral  tafte,' 
fchdirtfoftefernH''  fiGb^  iiow  at'^cl^ed  an4  publii^. twenty-four  comedies  |* 
tottefMtttfof  91  AngeidV  and  emplf^]^-  amo^ig  which  The  love  rf  Zelinda  and 
ed  honftlf'hi*  iMli!n|^^th  for  the  com-]  Undsr  in  repu|:ed  the  b«ft.  The  term  of- 
panv^  and  for  his  own  ^tir{K>(es.  T})e'  two  y^arf  being  expired»<  Ooldoni  wat' 
ccdiftint  t6iii- be* ^ddrtvdit  in  t^efe  en-  nreparing  to  return  tQ.Italy,  when  a 
g^MAfiits  linpiffirra:'Mi'li»Uh.  *Hi;\  ladv«  rnder  to  the  .dauphinefa,  mother 
wnHBty  in^^  6ou^bf  tWi^  ixipnth$4,fiz-'  tQ  the  late  .king>  iatpoduced  him  at  cc«rt» 


liihtoi  in*  i^^3V'inFxo  rati:  a^q.  *  As  he,[  tO  him  for  the'pvrpofe.  ~  Thefe  jouniie* 
wrote "aftei  Wards  a  great 'xlvinib«r  of  new*  were  t^e  caufe  of  a  diibrder  in  the  evesy  * 
pfeccf  fbrlM^tiiektrebfit.  tuca»  a&pa-*  wliich  affli6Ud  him  tlie.reft.of  his  life; 
mti  edition  of  ^de  ^  was  ^ubliih'ed/  un-    for  beting  accuftomed  to  nad^iduie  in  the ' 
da^'^Mic'xjIi^nk'He^Xiin^^atre'/^  chaife,  he  lochia  light  on  afudden,  and 
sfnong'  th«fe  was  ^'I'^itue^  CTpiA  by  '  ihjIpUeof  (he  moft  potent  remedies,  ooulid 
the  ttiilior  hb,^&t^ilir,  andludj^  tqb^  {  never  ^terwards  recover  it  entirely.  For  ^ 
tbemafter  pii^  oT his  works,    neinade  *  about  fix  months  lodgings  were. provided 
another  joiirjicy^  toFuit^;  ok  the  invi-'  hip  in  the  cbateau.of  Vcriailles.'   The 
tatibh  of  'Bttk^'FhHip/'and  finom  thence'^  death,  howcyc^y  of  (hA  dauphin>  changed  ; 
he  paffed  to  Rome.  *He  had  compofed '  the  nqt,  of  affairs.     Goldoni  loft' hia  [ 
5^otherptee6s  i^  laA  as  Vht  jcbi  176%,    lodgings,  and  on)y,  atthe  end  of  three  ' 


fite  of  wtechwercfdefigned  for  the  parti- 
cttlat  iiic  of  Matqtie  Arbeit;ati  Capacellij 
and  coHftquenll)r  ^idaptedto  the  theatre 
of  a  privltte  compaiiy.    Itere  ends  the 


Blerary- 


year^,  received  a  bounty  of  100  louis  in  ' 
a  gold  box,,  va^  thfi  grant  of  a  peniion  of  ' 
four  tKoufand  liyrea  a-  year.  'Hiis  Cet-'  ■ 
tlement  .would  not  have  been  fufficient 


Tbtou^  the  channel  of  th^  French  am- 
baflador  itt  Veniceir  hk  h:^  received  a 
letter  from  Mr,  ZetiUzzi,  the  firil  a6lor 
in  the  Italikbi'theatr^'iitTaris,  containing 
a^  pcOpobl^'ibrnren^gen^ent  of  two 


oni  [  in     Italy. '  for  himi  if.be  had  not  gained,  by  other  ^ 


means,   farther  fums.    He  ¥rrote  now 
,and  then  comedies  for  th^  theatres  of . 
'  Italy  and  Portugal ;  and,  during  thefe 
'  occupations,  wfs  defirous  to  (heyr  to  the  - 

French  that  he  merited    a  high  .  rank 


years  mt)iat  city.  II9  accoiilingly  re-*  among  their  dramatic  writers.  For  this 
piUtd*  t^I%is,  vi^ere  he  foilnd  a  (ele^l .,  purpofe,  he  neglected  nothing  whicli 
and  nomcrdus  cbrnpahy*  of  excellent  per-  could-  be'bf  ule  to  render  himfelf  maiter 
formM 'Itt^the*  ftalikn  theatre.    They '.of  the   French  laneuage.     He  heard. 


were^lioweV^S  tha^gea'ble  with  thfc  fame 
faults  '^fch'lkir  baa  c6rre£^ed  in  Italy  ^ 
and  the  FVench  fiipported,  and  even  ap- 
plaeded- itt  the*Itali^s,  wliat  they  would 
havtf  n^bated'on  their  owhftage.  Gol- 
d^  wdhied  to  eittoid,  eVen  to  that  coun' 


fpoke,  and  converied  fo  much  in  it,  that, 
in, his  6 2d  year,  he  ventured  to  write  a 
comedy  in  French,  and  to  have  it  repxie- 
rented  in  the  court  theatre,  on  the  tfcca- 
Hon  of  the  marriage  of  the  king.  Tliis 
piece  was  the  Bomru  Bienfaifant  \  and  it 


try,   hie  plan  of- reformation,  without    met  with  To  great  fuccefs,  tl»t  the  author 
confidering  the  extreme  difficulty  of  the    received  a  bounty  of  150  louis  from  the. 
uisdertakn^. -^   SctlMHties    ahd   jcfts,^  king*  another  gratification  from  ■  the  pcr- 
whtch  are  ever  accompanied  by.  actions,    fonaer^  and  confiderable  (urns  from  the 
geftareSf  and  mcftions,  are'  the  (ame  in  all    bookfeilera who publiihed  it.He  publiflied 
coQlMriet)  and  alnibfir  perfe^ly  imder-    ibgn  after,  another  comedy  in  French^  ' 
ftoodevvninarlfereigfaiEongue:  whUethe    called    VAman  ^aftueux.      Aftpr^th^.^ 
beauties' of  ftfftimedt  and  diat6jg^ue/  and'^death  of  JLoiiia.  XV.  G<:^doni  was  ap^, 
othef  tttaigs  w)i!di  lead  tb  the  {mdcr-    pointed  .  IttUtan  teadber  to  the  prince^, 
ftaadingot  charaftWand'Wrriiii^s,  re-'  Cl9tAl4«»  tiie  pntfent  piincefs  of  Picj^ 
^u^t  « .  fiMBulialP^acmlntailcV  >yith  ^e   ooo^t  f  and  aftcn  her-  marriiTcre  he  ittten j  ^ 

*        J  ,.        A       -r    r**'.'    *^  -*    -k*-  ***^*     "^   *';  ed 


i^S         Additions  and  CorreSficns  to  Account  of  A/r«  Wilkes^- 


cd  the  late  uafottmadxr  prmeeft  SiizaWth 
in  the  Aoae  capacity.  The  ftyitroaofa  of 
oU  ag9  obliged  vhim  to  qatt  Voiailles, 
and  to  lite  in  Paris>  the  air  of  which/ 
lefs  iharpy  waa better  adopted  to  his  con-' 
titutioa.  The  laft  'work  of  GoMoni 
was  TAeFoi^m,  written  after  hit  retire- 
nent  fnm  courts  from  which  time  be  bad 
a  iafting  adieu  to  writing.  Unfc^rttt- 
nately  lor  him,  he  lived  to  fee  hit  pcn- 
fions  oitvoff  at  the  revolution^  like  othe^y 
and  be  (pent  hit  hA  days  in  poverty  and 
diibeft.  He  died  in  1791*  at  a  crifis 
when*  according  to  the  expreifion  of  a 
deputy  in  the  Convention,  the  French 
nation  was  ready  to  repay  him  every  debt 
of  gratitude*  Oohioni  is  on  a  par  with 
the  greateft  comk  poeu  of  modem  times, 
with  xmxd  to  dramatic  talents  and  is 
thought  mMrior  to  them  all  with  regard 
to  the  feitilityof.his  ^niug.  •  His  works 
were  printed  atJLejrhom  in  1 788 — 91,  in 
31  vols.  8vo.  l&'haa  been  generally 
called  th6  Moliere  of  Italy,  and  Vol- 
taire^ jn  one  of  his  letters  to  Marquis 
AJbergati,  fliles  him,  The  Ptdnter 
of  Nature*  Goldcmi  is  one  of  thofe 
authors  whoie  writings  will  be  re- 
li(hed  in  the  mofl  remote  countries,  and 
by  the  latsfl  poflerity*  His  profound 
knowledge  (jX  the  human  heart,  his  ex- 
tcniiTe-  oefcription  of  the  vices  and  rir- 


ing  Imet  of  Horace-: 


Aequ^  -pauperibns  p/o4eft,  locupletlbut  se- 

qoe.^  * 

Atqoe    iieglc^m  pveiif,  fenibufque  no- 

Acbit. 


ADDITIONS  AND  CORRECTIONS 
7f^tbe  Life  rf  the  late  John  fFUkes,  Efq. 
Cbamberlmttrf  the  Cifjf  cf  London^  AU 
derm^efFarringdoH  H'tthcut^  F.R.S. 

MR,  John  Wilkes  was  bom  in  Lon- 
don •  He  was  the  eUeJf  fon  of  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Wilkes,  and  has  been  fuppof- 
ed,  from  no  better  authority  perhaps  than 
the  name,  to  have  been  deTcended,  by  the 
father's  fide,  from  Colonel  Wilkes,  a  man 
of  fomc  celebrity  during  the  civil  wars, 
who  fidcd  with  the  parJiaraent  againft 
Charles  I.  His  brother  lirael  is  faid  to 
be  ftjll  alive,  and  to  refide  at  New  York. 
His  mother  was  a  diflenter,  and  he  him- 
felf  is  reported  to  have  been  educated  in 
diffcnting  principles,  both  civil  and  reli- 
gious ;  certain  it  is,  that  from  the  time 
of  his  ^iHt  iaunchlDg  into  public  life,  he 


unlfomsfy  nrofefled  hknielf  attadied  to 
the  caufe  ot  fitedom.  Hit  addirefi  to  the 
dehors  of  Berwick,  fiv  which  place  he 
becamfc  'k  candidate  in  17^4^  breathes  a 
noblefpirit  of  independence,  and  coofuiea 
the  calumnies  of  thofey  who^  adverting  to 
his  condufl  at  a  later-  period^  -coufsicsei 
him  as  a  patriot  by  acckTentj^  and(  more 
attached  to  his  own  intereft^  tluA  the 
cauifcof  his  country. 

He  r^eived  a  coniiderable  part  of  hit 
education  abroad,  at  Leyden  or  Utrecht; 
and  a  dbcifire  proof  of  the  rq»tation  he 
hSut  acquired  at  that  period,  was  giTcnby 
that  eminent  metaphyi&cian»  Mr.  Andrew 
Baxter,  who  dedicated  to  Mr.  WillECs  the 
<»  AfpenSxofhisEn^mryintotbeNmiMfe 
of  the  Human  Soui/^  In  this  dedicatjoii, 
Mr.  Baxter  ipeaks  of  a  philolbphical  con* 
verfhtibn  which  palTed  between  them  in 
the  Ca|>uchin*s'  garden  at  Spa^  in  the 
fummer  of  x  74.5.  Baauer  was  long  «  re* 
'  fident  at  Utrecht,  as  tutor  to  ibme  young 
.  men  of  rank  ftudying  at  that  university, 
'  tie  continued  his  correfpondence  with  Mr, 
Wilkes;'  and  addrefled  to  him  a  verj 
friendly  and  affe^onate  letter  during  his 
laft  illnefs  in  1750. 

Soon  after  finifhlng  his  ^ucation,  Mr. 
Wilkes  returned  to  England,  and  piar* 
ried  Mifs  Mead,  a,  lady  of  conildenible 
f(^rtune:  (he'^hovirever  was  not  the  daugh- 
ter of  the  celebrated  Dr.  Mead.  That 
'  phyfici^  was  twice  married ;  but  of  the 
two  daughters  who  furvived  him,  one 
became*  the  wife  of  Dr.  Wihnet,  the 
o^er  of  Dr.  NichoUs.  Mrs.  Wiikes 
was  of  a  family  enriched  by  tiad^  and 
faid  to  have  been  related  to  thia  eminent 
prii6titioner. 
By  this  lady,  from 'whom  ho  after* 
\wards  feparated,  Mr.  Wilkes  had  an 
amiable  and  accompliihed  daughter*  who 
is  ftill  alive,  and  between  whom  and  him- 
felf  there  exifted  the  moft  cordial  regard ; 
a  warm  paternal  affe&ion  on  his  part,  and 
unbounded  duty  and  attachment  on  hers. 
During  all  his  political  ftruggles,  zai 
perfonaraffll^ions,  her  care  and  attention 
were  uniform  and  undiminUhed,  and  he 
has  recorded  her  filial  piety,  in  an  in < 
fcriptidn  at  his  cottage  in  the  Ifle  of 
Wight. 

The  pcrfonal  brarery  of  Mr.  W.  was 
unaueftionable ;  in  addition  to  his  duel 
witn  Mr.  Martin,  mentioned  in  the  lad 
Monthly  Magazine,  he  fought  anothe  r 
with  Lord  Talbot,  and  conducted  himlelf 
in  both  with  p-eat  fpirit. 

The  fevcnty  of  reprehcnfion  with 
which  hetreaitd  the  Scotch  nation,  bega 
him  msny  encmiei  among  thjt  nitlres  o 

th 


Additions  and  Corre£iions^  to  Account  of  Mr.  TFilkes.  127 

with  110  common  degree  of  fcverity. 
This  %Kas  idrtmed  incorSfl^ent  atleaft,  and 
was  animadverted  upon  accordingly  with 
much  warmth  by  Mr.  T.  ^    . 

He  was  naturally  attached  to  men  of 
ealents,  and  cultivated  their  fociety  and 
converlation.  He  him  felt*  was  an  au- 
thor, and  foiTie.of  kis  lettei-s  are  >yj:itr 
ten  with  gi^at  (pirit  aiyi  annTiation. 
Jt  is  greatly  to  be  lamented,  that  his  hii- 
(oiy  of  England,  fiohj  the  revolution  to 
the  elevation  of  the  Brunfwick  line,  wai 
iley^rxx>mpleated  j  the  truth  is,  howevcrj 
that  ^  continuance  of  pecuniary  diftreft 
•coutd  alone  hare  induced  him  to  proceed 
jn  io  laborious  an  uhdertakingj  for,  not- 
withftanding  his  A*equent  appearance 
on  the  public  ftage,  he  was  naturally  indo- 
lent, and  hisftudics  wcrealwaysdelultory; 

Although  he  had  i-elideJ  for  a  conH- 
dcrable  time  in  France,  Mr.  W.  was, 
l^ri£>ly  fpenkinff,  an  Anli-Gr^Uican  ;  and 
carried  his  patnotifm,  or  p-ejudice  (tor 
on  this  fuhjed  there  will  be  difFcrent  opi- 
nions) fo  far,  as  to  objcil  to  French  wines 
atthe  city  fcafts. 

.  Hedied  in  the  71ft  year  of  his  age,  hav- 
ing been  bom  0£lober  17,  1727,  O.  S. 
Mis  body  was  inteired  in  a  vault  ia  Gw>f- 
venorcliapel.  South  Audley-{^i«et.  Eight 
labouring  men,  drcfTed  in  new  black 
clothes,  in  confequence  of  an  intimatioa 
during  his  life,  conveyed  his  corpfe  to  the 
place  of  interment,  and  he  is  faid  to  have 
dire«5led  a  tablet  to  be  erefted  to  his  me- 
mory, with  an  infcription  implying  that 
he  was    "  A  Friend  to  Liberty, ^^ 

In  mentioning  Mr.  W's.  political 
principles  fomc  difcrimination  is  neccf- 
fary.  He  does  not  appear  to  have  consi- 
dered liberty  in  t\it  ahftraSly  but  tu;  have 
bottomed  all  his  notions  on  the  prafUcal 
benefits  arifing  from  the  revolution.  In 
fliort,  he  was  a  whig  of  the  oUfchooL 

It  is  niuch  to  his  honour,  that  on  fome 
occa/ions  he  demanded  the  inftruflions  of 
his  conftituents,  and  on  all,  profeflfed  a 
determination  to  obey  them :  it  wpAild 
alfo  be  injufticeto  omit,  that  thcrumourt 
i-elative  to  the  immenfe  fortune  he  left  jbe- 
hind  him,  are  entirely  groundlefs.  After 
fatisfying  a  variety  of  bcquefts,  Mils 
Wilkes,  the  refiduary  legatee,  will  have 
but  a  very  fmall  fum  to  receive :  lucidly, 
however,  ftie  is  abundantly  provided  tor, 
as  fhe  enjoys  a  large  income  from  her  mo- 
ther's famjy. 


Cfec  fiortJiem  parts  of  the  ifland  ;  Dunn, 
who  feem|to  htvp'fccfna  niaaiac^  willftd 
to  bereave  him  of  his  jife  by  aJfTafli- 
nation,  and  Forbesy>^^  officer,  by  fingle 
combat*  When  hjjs  jpapers  w^{;  ieized, 
a  letter  foom  his  frirnd.  Earl  Temple, 
was  found,  ip  which  the  "bittcrncfs  of  his 
enmity  to  the  North  Britons  was  cenfured. 

This  fame  nobleman  fuppoitcil  Mr. 
Vf,  during  his  conteil  with  government, 
in  a  manner  highly  hoi:iourabie  to  him- 
felf.  His  coim fel  and  his  purfc,  on  this 
Qccafion,  were  equally  at  the  fcrvice  qf 
{he  public.  Mr.  Pitt  (aftjerwards  Lord 
Chatham)  deferred  him,  but  he  remained 
firm  5  and  it  is  to  Lord  Temple  that  wo 
are  in  a  great  meafure  indebted  for  the 
aboiitioii  oi general  tuarrgnts^  ^tr.  W. 
tas  the  fbie  merit,  by  a  vigorous  and 
unifonm  pcrfevcrance,  of  procuring  the 
odious  deciOoQ  relpefting  the  Middltfex 
election,  to  be  refcinded  from  the  journals 
pf  thehoufeof  commons. 
.  Unfortunately  for  both  parties,  an  un- 
lucky dii'piite  took  place  between  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Home,  (now  John  Home  Tooke, 
Eiq.)  and  Mi*.  Wilkes  ;  and  the  former* 
fbon  after  afferted,  "  that  Mr.  Wilkes 
did  commi/Hon  Mr,  Robert  Walpole  to 
ibiicit  for  him  a  peniion  of  one  tlmfand 
founds  oxj  the  Jriih  eftablifhracnt  foy  thirty 
years,^*  The  apparent  extravagance  of 
the  demand,  and  the  feeming  apoilacy 
implied  by  the  application,  appealed  at 
tiiat  time  of  day  iuch,  as  to  render  the 
whole  charge  sdmod  incretlihle  j  fincp 
that  period,  however,  we  have  wltnefleJ j 
alraoft  without  furprife,  a  man  of  great 
talents  indeed,  but  who  had  neither  fiif- 
tered  periecution  nor  impiifoiiment  in  the 
public  cauff,  receive  no  Ids  than  three 
pcnlions,  twof  for  thi'ee  lives,  of  1160I. 
and  i34^1.j  and- a  third  for  two  lives,  of 
1200I.  per  ann.  under  the  title  of  ri-niu- 
ftrration!  Junius  calls  this  period  of 
Mr.  W's  life,  "  a  moment  of  defpair." 

Mr.  Wilkes,  who  was  a  high-bred 
njan,  and  pro felTed  elegant  and  engaging 
manners,  was  intimate  with  many  diAin- 
guilhed  pcrfous  j  and  on  the  trial  of  Mr. 
Tooke,  fat  on  the  bsncli,  and  converfed 
very  familiarly  with  Earl  Mansfield, 
whofc  charafter  as  a  judge  he  had  treated 

•  Sc<  «  ymthrsLetteny  Svo.  cd.  Letter 
LTII.*  datccTjuly  31,   1771,  p.  28S. 

t  'Thsfc  2U  lai4  ta  have  been  (bid  for 
37fCOoJ. 


UpsyfiiY "M^c,  No.;x,XVnf^ 


T^;Tr1p. 


P  R  O  M   M  Y   P  O  R  T*F  O  1. 1  0. 


A  TMI»tBT  OF  SiMIMTUDM. 

(C9fiununcattdL) 

I. 

IM  aa  4.  Tcene  I.  of  «  Meafir^  fir 
MifiTurey^"  Shakfpeare  has  infcrtcd 
the  £rft  ftanza  of  a  very  beautiful  fdtt- 
set/wl^icb  Mr.  Malone  has  published 
entire  in  "  'the  Pitjfidnau  PUgnmr  (See 
Malone*8  S)iakrpeare,  vol.  x.  ^.  34^.) 
The  fonnet  is  well  known^  but  it  tal^ 
little  roon;>  and  had  better  be  tranfcribed 
for  the  more  eafy  comparifon  of  it  with 
fome  lyric  lines  of  Gallus,  a  poet  of  t))e 
Auguibn  age. 

Take,  oh  take  thofe  lips  away. 

That  fo  fvrectly  were  forfwom  \ 
/Ind  thofe  eyes,  the  break  of  day, 

Lights  that  do  miflead  the  morn  1 
But  my  kin'es  bring  again,       ^ 
Seals  of  love,  but  feaPd  in  vain. 
Hide,  oh,  hide  thofe  hills  of  fnov, 

Whieh  thy  frocen  bofom  bears, 
On  whofe  tops  the  pinks  that  grow 

Are  of  thofe  that  April  wears  t 
Bat  firft  fet  my  poor  heart  free. 
Bound  in  thofe  icy  chains  by  thee. 

In  an  edition  of  Catullus,  Tibulhi$| 
Propertiui,  and  the  fragments  of  Gallus, 
publifhed  at  Venice  about  two  hundred 
vears  ago,  in  1553,  are  the  following 
lines,  to  which  is  prefixed  this  caution  : 
'*  Sequins  Lyricum  quia  a  plerifque  Cor, 
Oallo  attrlbuitur,  bk  adijcere  iibuit,^* 
Lidia  bella  puella,  Candida, 

Qnm  bene  fuperas  lac,  et  llllum, 
Albamq;  fimul  rofam  rMbidam, 
Aut  expolitum  ebur  Indicum. 
Panic  puelU,  pande  capitlulcs 

Flavos,  lueentes  ut  auruni  nitldum. 
Pande  puella  collum  candidum, 
Produ^um  bene  candldis  humeris. 

Pande  purWa  ftellafos  oculos, 

F|ex3q;  fuper  nik;rH  cilia. 
Pande  puella  g^'nas  rofcas, 

Pcrfufas  rubro  purpuras  Tyri*. 
Porrige  labra,  labrt  corrallina, 

Da  columbattm  tr.Uh  bafia  : 

Sugis  amentis  partem  animi  ? 

Cor  mihi  pcnetriiit  h*c  tua  fea&i. 

Q.^li  m:hi  fagis  tivuth  finpu!«»m  ? 
Condc  papillss,  cond"  gcmipcmar, 
C^mproiTo  U£te  qua:  modb  ^llaU&t. 

Si  nns  ezpanfa  profert  cinnania  : 
Vudiqne  furgunt  ex  te  delicic 
QoivdcmpUlas,  quse  me  fiuclknt    • 
Ca adore,  eC  luvu  ijfvei  ^eaaele. .; 
^%m^  ni^.cemiK  qooixfojaa^uoyf     ., 
,*' w      ^Sic  me  deftiaaii  iom  femimortuum  f 


Whan  liilton  -  wrote  the  momiflg 
liymnof  AdumandEve,  (&e '^  Fcradifi 
Lcftt'*  book  T.  line  153,)  beginmag, 
*«  Thcfc  are  thy  glorious  woi;k»i  ^c/' 
he  feems  to  have  h^  in  view  tbat  (^\m 
eanttcle  in  the  rooming  fervice  of  tbe 
church  of  England,  Beginning  with, 
«'  O  all  ye  works  of  the  lord,  blcft  ye 
the  Lord :  prai(e  him  and  magnifv  him 
fo^  ever."  Any  one  who  wiU  take  the 
trouble  of  comparing  the  paflages  will 
be  ftnick  with  their  iiinilitude, 

m. 

The  fign^  of  love  which  Mts,  Bar- 
bauld  has  enumerated  in  her  beautiivl 
little  fonff,  *•  Come  here,  fond  youth, 
yrhoe'er  «ioq  be,"  &c.  if  they  arc  not 
an  imitation  of  Shakefpeare,  at  \tiSi 
VC17  ftrongly  renrind  us  of  the  dialogue 
between  Sllvlus,  Phebe,  Rofalind,  and 
Orlando,  in  aft  5,  fcene  II.  of  "  As  j9u 
6ke  it,*'  The  paflTage  begins,  "  Good 
flicpherd,  tell  tbif  youth  what  'tis  to 
love/'  _^.«,^__ 

Kino  Jambs  the  Sixth's  CouHTza- 
^LAST  TO  Tobacco, 
(Commumcated,) 

THE  ufc  of  Tobacco  had  been  in- 
troduced into  England,  I  think  by 
Sir  Walter  Raleigh,    not    long  bdbre 

iamcs's  accellion  to  the  Englifh  throne, 
ames  hatln?  R'aki^h,  and  probably  dlf- 
iking  the  miell  ot  tobacco,  refolvcd 
to  write  this  herb  out  of  fa(hion,  fmct 
he  could  not  otherwife  perfuade  bis  cour- 
tiers to  forbear  theuleof  it.  For  this 
fnd  he  compofed  that  precious  morfe!  of 
vvifdom  and  eloquence,  his   couwtir-' 

BLAST  TO  tobacco. 

In  this  treatifehe  inveighs  againft  to- 
bacco j  as  having  been  borrowed  from 
a  favage  people,  trom  whom  had  been 
alio  caught  the  infe6llon  of  an  obfccnc 
and  peculiarly  loathfome  difcafe}  M 
tending  rather  to  dry  and  heat  the  brain 
in  a  degree  prejudicial  to  health,  than 
merely,  as  was  fuppofed,  to  evaporate 
its  excefs  of  moifture  j  as  owin^  its  ge- 
neral reception  mercty  to  the  caprice  of 
fathion«  and  to  the  weaknela  of  thofe 
filiy-mlnde^  people  who.  ^xe  ever  apt  te 
think  any  thing  good  that  is  new  acd 
ftr^nge$  as  never  bavii^  effie^ed  any 
curckof  difcafe,  that  could  be  iipdpiWr 
afcrlbod  to  it  ^lone;  as  being  an  article 
uPfiya^Jux^cy,  the  ufi^  of  which,  wai 
peraicious  to. manly  virtue,  ^  being  in 

1*4 


PrmmyPort  FtUk 


\^ 


its  aft  utterly  mconfiftent  with  aU  A^nk- 
cy  and  ck^i^iaer^r  ^^ 

There  U  loi^tniii^  ludictohi  and 
ftrangely  incongruous  ui  the  idea  of  a 
great  monarch  puBlifhing;  a  philippic 
^mft-  fo-'triiriaia  thing  S$  TefiACCo. 
But  James^  mtenS6&s/were»/ixit  this  in- 
ftince/  cextainly  good  )*  and  his  argu- 
inents  are  far  iirom  bad.  Where  he  only 
mufters  pi^judice  againft  prejudice*  the 
kmg's  prk^di^es  appear  to  be  more 
nearly  allied  to  founa  reafon  than  thofe 
wiiich  he  firives  to  explode.  The  truth 
is,  that  TOBACCO  had  been  fuddenly  re- 
ceived into  exceflSve  and  uniTerfal  ufe, 
with  fuch  ^  fond  aioription  to  it>  of 
imaginary  virtues,  as  could  not  but  dif- 
guft  the  wife }  and  that  Janie$»  although 
pfbbably  v^ong  in  denying  all  virtues  to 
this  heroy  was  certainly  right  in  oppoiing 
the  notion  of  its  being  an  incomparabk 
panacea.  His  majefty*!  ftyle  is*  in  this 
little  piece^  fufficiently  corre£l,  livelv, 
and  dowing :  there  is  a  fvein  of  good  fenie, 
wity  and  eloquence,  which  runs  through 
the  whole  s  but,  there  is,  likewife— .to 
Tffe  a  miner's  term— ^a^/tir^^of  abiiir- 
dities :  and  James  feems»  as  it  were,  in 
every  fentcnce,  to  fay  ^  to  his  readers, 
<<  Hvw  ivondtrfuih  nvUe  and  condefceHd" 

He  incidentally  introduces  fome  curi- 
ous fzBs,  and  feveral  d^ertingf  expref- 
fions.  lie  relates  that  it  was  common 
for  young  ladies  to  entertain  their  bvefs 
with  a  pipe  of  tobacco.  Some  gen- 
tlemen of  his  court,  he  tells  us,  were 
accuftomed  to  walte  no  lefs  titan  three  or 
four  hundred  pounds  a  year,  upon  this 
dngle  luxury.  He  fays  too,  that  it  was 
uled  as  a  powerful  apbrv^Juic,  He  par- 
ticularly deplores  the  cafe  of  delicate^ 
^oboMbmff  cUan  -complexioHed  njui-vejy 
•  whole  huibands  wefe  not  afhamed  to 
pollute  them  with  the  pirUtualy  (iinktng 
tormtnt  of  TOBACCO-yinEffirf.  The  con- 
cluding fentence  of  this  difcourfer  is 
certainly  a  laughable  one.  The  uie 
of  TOBACCO,  Stys  he,  is — '<  a  cuftom 
hathfiftuf  to  the  tye^  hateful  to  the.  mfe^ 
harmful  to  the  brainy  dangerous  to  the  lungs, 
and  in  she  black  ftinkingfusae  thereof  near" 
eft  refemllifig  the  horrid  Stygian  fmokc  of 
ike  fa  ihat  ii  bottomiefs  n 

A  Biblical  Fraombht. 

AMONG  the  litei^ry  curiofltlea  of 
the  day,  may  be  placed  the  difco- 
very  of  a  ^rtHment  of  the  firft  bo6k  of 
M^ekbees,  vi&ch  does  no^  appear  in  the 
rabbmic  tranfiation,  and  whieh  is  -iiow 
only  found  ia  fome'  Jcwiih  bo^  ^  pcajN 


crs.  Phopbuor  Lxcbtenstbik,  of 
HamJbyrgh,,  pointed  it  out  to  Mr.  Her- 
bert CftipfT,  who,  tinlbrtttnately  for  ' 
£ngli(h  literature,  is,  with  his  diiiion- 
ary^  at  that  place.  I  (ball  tranfrribe  the 
panage  in  qucf^ion,  for  the  fake  of  aa 
obfervation  ^nhlch  it  will  produce. 

««  Aild  Antiochus  faid  to  his  gene- 
ralsi,  do  you  not  know,  and  are: you '  not 
informed,  that  the  people  o£  the*  Jews^ 
which  are  iii  Jerufaiem  amosgft  ..us.«t- 
they  do  not  fear  our  religion,  norpbferve 
our  cuftoms,  nor  approach  to  them  $  and 
they  ncgleA  the  laws  of  the  king^  ibr  to 
obfcrve  their  ovim  laws.  Th^  Mifo  'uast 
for  the  time  of  the  extirpation  of'  ki^s^  go^ 
*Vernorj,  and  lieutenants  j  they  /j*,  bo^l^} 
long  /hail  our  king  reign  o*ver  us  ?  Tcr  <we 
luiilreignf  our/i-fvesy  over  the  fea  a^id  thi 
continent i  and  the  ivbole  twrldJhaU  be 
'  ghven  in  our  bands* 

"  It  would  not  be  reqfonahle  for  the 
king  to  allow  that  fuch  men  and  principles 
fhould  be  fpread  over  the  furface  of  th^^ 
earth.  Now,  let  us  ^  and  attack  themA 
and  defiroy  the  conftitution,  which  they 
have  given  to  themfelves,  the  fabbath* 
and  the  new  months,  and  the  drcomci- 
fidn—" 

This  pafTage  i^,  no  doUbt,  at  thd  pre* 
fent  moment,  of  a  very  ftriking  nature^ 
and  the  application  is  obvious,  as  c&- 
fcriptive  of  the  French  nation,  and  their 
ambitious  proje^.  A  learned  friend  ia 
.  aimoft^  inclined  to  call  it  z  prophecy.  But, 
without  the  fltghteft  fufpicion  of  its  au- 
thenticity, (fince  indeed  it  comes  on  the 
heft  authority)  there  is  nothing  but  what 
is  moftnaturad  in  the  fentiment.  The 
aficicnt  Hebrews  wire  always  republi- 
cans, and  the  genius  of  their -conftitution 
was  the  pureft  democracy.  Even  when 
they  once  called  fo  loudly  for  a  king,  it 
was  confidered  by  their  prophets  as  a 
proof  of  their  reftlefs  and  intractable  cha- 
racter. But  it  is  not  for  this  refleClion 
that  I  have  pointed  out  this  curious  frag* 
ment.  . 

What  I  hate  to  obferve,  is  this.  We 
have  of  late  been  fretjuently  furpriied  by 
iimilar  extracts ;  and  the  very  fent imen'a« 
even  of  obfeure  individu^U,  have  been 
quoted,  as  of  •*  the* prophetic  ftrain.** 
The  truth  will,  however,  be  limply  this. 
Society,  like  Nature  herfrlf,  has  certain 
ftag«s:  and  men  in  paraUelJituafions,  mrtft 
ev3ently.  ei£i  and  think  jihk^^ .  The  cir« 
cle  of  human  events  is  not  vafi ; .  and  in 
its  rotatory  miction  it  mull  happen,  ih&t 
theyii^  point  v^U,  a^i.injuid.a^in,  be 
uppermw.  \That  ftioblaace  of  ijovrltv, 
wluoh'^thft  £m«  of  things  ws«a'«  to  the 


^ih 


'  TrMrfij  Port  Foth. 


tiilit  <5f  mankind^  i«  hftthitig  but  a  ftm- 
blanWj  what  wc  a£l,  wc  hare  2f6led[; 
%^hat  we  think,  \vc  have  thought,  t  will 
l>oldly  aflcrt,  tkat,  probably,  even  the 
wildtll  conceptions  of  a  viflonary  mind 
mav,  find  either  the  famej  Or  1  itmilar 
folly,*  in  the  former  periods  ;    ahd  fo 

'  xiuch  indeed  do  men  think  and  acl  alike, 
in  the  parallel  ftages  of  the  huraan  mind, 

•  that  I  cVen  fulpeft  (if  one  madmail  has  not 
the  faitie  kind  of  imaginatioh  as  another) 
^  couhell  of  lunatics  would  probably  be 

'  more  tinanimous  than  a  council  of  fage^, 

'  And,  to  illulbate  my  general  obftrVi- 
tion,  Ihould  vrt  turn  over  the  publica- 
tions tvhich  appeared  fome  tiriik  before 
and  after  our  o^n  happy  revolution,  moft 
of  thofc  works  will  appear  as  books 
written  for  the  emergencies  of  the  prefent 

'day.  I  have  juft  looked  into  two  trage- 
dies  of  Southeme,  "  T*/  Si£ge  dfOifiua,^^ 

'  and  «  TbeS^rffift  Dame,^"  Thty  cob- 
^  *  tain  fituations,  fentiments,   and  reflec- 

'tlons,  which  may  greatly  inftruft  us  at 
fte  pi^lent  momentous  petiod  j  a  period 
iMiichharaffes  the  human  mind  more  than 

'it  extends  its  capacitv,  and,  whileltin- 

"-iamcs  thepaffion«,«ouds  the  inteUcft* 


..     .  BLUB   aEARt>, 

THIS  celebrated  perfi>ba|;t,  1^0  has 
during  our  childhood  £  frequently 
aJprniied  us  in  a  dark.aight«  and  particu- 
lar! v  the  young  ladies,  is  now  c3f;hib7tcd 
.  with  great  terror  and  advantage,  in  our 
aew  drama,  founded  on  the  French  piece 
of  Barhe-bietu.  It  is  poifible  that  fome 
of  his  numerous  fpedators  may  defire  to 
.know  Ibmething  ivlative  to  his  "  birth, 
life,  and  e^lacation.'*   Our  Engli/h  com- 

.  pounder  of  this  piece  has  made  him  a 
ia/hiPw^  taking  up,  no  doubt,  thepopu- 

.  lar  idea,  that  the  murderer  of  feven  wires 
•  mo&  undoubtedly  have  bee«  a  Turk .  A 
learned  foreigner,  however,  ir>  forms  me, 

.  that  the  original  Blue-beard  \v^s  the 
Marqujs  De  Laval,  Marihal  of  France, 

.  and  defccnded  from  one  oi  its  moft  iliuf- 

.  trious  families. 

This  Marfhal  was  of  a  very  fiiigular 
chara^ler.  Mezcray  has  given  a  very  fa- 
tisfaflory  account  of  him  j  but  the  reader 
will  be  fatisfied  by  the  notices  which  he 
may  find  in  the  '^^J^bwvcau  DUfmMaire 

.  Hijiorii^ue.''      Lavr^l    was  a   general  of 

.  fiieat  intrepidity,  and  diftinguiihed  him- 
ielf  in  chafing  back  the  Lngliih  when 
they  Invaded  France,   in  the  reign  of  our 

.'  Edward  III.  The  Jerv:<:es  he  rendered 
liis  counuy  might  have  immortalized  his 

.  namt,^^a4  he  not  for  .eyqr  >lottj:d  Iris 

;  gU^ry  cr/  tke  mo^  ^rible  mirders,  im-  ' 


pieties  and  debauchffiH.  IfS  irvtifoth 
were  princely;  his  prodigalities  might 
havr  made  an  emperor  a  bankrupt.  Where- 
ever  he  went,  he  had  in  \i\%fittti  a  fcrag- 
lto|  a  company  nf  theailrical  nerfonnersia 
band  of  muiiciaiis;  a  fbcietyot  fiTrcerers  ;! 
'  good  number  of  cooks  j  packs  of  dogs  of 
:TTb*ious  kinds :  and  moxt  than  two  hus- 
dred  led  hories*  Mezeray  adds,  tltat  lie 
encouraged  and  maiintained  fbrcerers  and 
enchanters  to  difcover  hidden  treaiures, 
and  cohTiJjtcd  yotang  perfons  of  both 
ieyx^i  tt^  be  mi^t  attach  them  to  bira, 
and  afterwards  killed  them,  for  Ae  fake 
of  their  blood, which  was  hccclTar)'  to  form 
histharms  and  incantations*  Such  horrid 
exccfles  are  credible,  when  wc  reeolle6l 
the  age  of  ignorantee  and  barbarity  in 
which  they  wera  pra^iiced.  At  leagtfa 
De  Lava!  was  brought  to  the  fccftffbld,  for 
iiftate  crime ;  the  others  were  probably 
tiever  noticed!  His  confbfllon  at  hia 
tfcath  i«  remarkable :  he  acknowledgetl 
Aat  *•  aUbise^ceJfes  njueriderrvedfrom  Hi 
'areicled  education. ^^ 

Poetical  Memokt. 

ITwvvilddoabtkfs  be  a  happy  aeqid- 
iitian  to  moft  delicate  and  ekgaat 
voinds,  who  ixe  apt  to  feel  in  this  life  tob 
many  irritations,  to  ftore  their  menfMny 
with  fine  verfes,  fi»  as  to  have  them  at 
will,  and  to  torn  away  the  fcnfation  of 
aaual  di%uft,  while  they  exalt  their 
tafte.  1 1  woul4  be  1  ike  the  ingenious  in- 
vention of  the  celebrated  Mr.  0e  Luc, 
who  alwavs  carries  about  him  ibme  fogar, 
to  put  in  his  mouth  whea  he  ^ds  himlielf 
inclined  to  anger. 

The  following  anecdote  i^U  iEenr  the 
utilitytof  a  poetical  memory.  Averadi 
was  a  lover  of  fine  veHes,  and  when  fae 
walked  alone  he  recited  th«m  aloud,  with 
a  fenfationof  pleafure  th;^  was  vifible  ita 
his  face.  One  day,  hefliiing  a  very  te- 
dious and  prolix  tpeech,  aa  he  a|>peaiTd 
extremely  fatisfied,  and  even  attentive, 
one  of  his  friends  wai  fucpiizea  at  this, 
till  coming  neai*  him,  he  perceived  lie  was 
reheajiing  fome vciles  from'  Homer ! 

fc—       

Opinion  concerning  the  Great, 
by  one  who  knew  them. 

THE  Duke  de  Koaillcs  told  the  fnfa- 
mous  Curdiiuil  Dubois,  that  hilto- 
ry  would  not  forget,  that  i?rV  entrance  into 
the  council  had  made  tbe  n^neat  men  of  the 
kingdom  quit  it.  Dubois  replied, 
"  Since  I  -have  known  wh:it  thofe  are 
wlio  are  calletj  io§  Crcat,  I  find  them  io 
iiitle^  tkit  I  As!]  never  put  this  Hay  in 
thtjiilofjnTtriuamhs.**  •  ' 


t      T3I-    ) 

.  «      .  V  A  R  i  E  T  I  E  S, 

Literary  /7«rfPHitosoPHicAL  j 
Including  Notices  of  Worh  in  Hand^  Domefiic  and  Forelgftm 

%^  AnthtMlk  CotmntmkaHtns  fir  flA  Article  wUl  akvays  In  thankfully  rtCM/ed, 


fH,  TOOKfi's  Lift  of  the  lateEin- 
prtfs  of  Ruflia,  wiU  (hortly  make 
in  app^rance  in  three  Volumes,  cmbcl- 
iiflied  with  J>rrtraits. 

A  Toiir  in  Switzerland,  from  the  bril- 
liant pfti  df  MifsH.  M.  Wiiliami,  will 
be  mibliihed  early  in  March 


A  new  edition  of  Mn  Southet*« 
"  Joan  of  Arc,"  Is  in  the  prefs.  This 
■  Work  has  undergone  vei  y  confidcrable  al- 
terations ;  the  additional  notes  will  be 
numerous,  and  an  analyfis  of  the  poem 
Chapelain  is  to  be  prefixed.  The  ninth 
bodk,  greatly  enlarged,  will  be  publi(h«a 


The  milch   expci^ed   edition   of  the    feparately,  under  tlie  title  of "  The  Villoii 
Works  and  LetttVs  of  the  late  Earl  of   of  the  Maid  of  Orleans." 


Orfonl,  and  Captain  G.  Vancouveh's 
Voyage  round  the  World,  are  ih  cOnHder- 
ttbfeforwa^dnefs. 

The  ^&.  part,  containing  tht  firft  ten 
numbers  of  a  I'piettdid  «*  Hiltorical  Atlas 
of  England,*'  on  an  entire  new  plan,  hy 


A  new  and  elegant  editioOf  with  coil- 
fidefable  improvements,  of  *«  The  Sea- 
fide,*'  a  poem  in  femillar  epiftles,  front 
Mr.  SiMKiN  Slenderwit,  fummer- 
ifmg  at  Ramfgatc,  to  his  dear  mother  in 
town,  will  make  its  appearance  in  a  few 


Mr.  ASDHEWs, Geographer otriccadif-  -days. 
Ir,  will  make  its  appearance  in  a  few  *  The  pofthumoas  works,  in  pr^fe  and 
days.  This  work  does  grtrat  credit  to  ^erfe,  ot  the  hte  John  Maclaurim, 
the  invemof;  and  the  letter  prefs  which  Lord  Dreg  horn,  long  an  eminent  ad- 
accompanies  it,  containing  accounts  of  vocate  at  the  Scottifh  bar,  and  in  the  lat- 
the  rivers,  niin^s,  mineral  waters,  fifli-    tcr  part  of  his  life,  a  diftlngniihed  medi- 


Tries,  &c.  and  of  the  civil,  military,  ec- 
defiaftical,  naval,  biographical,  com- 
mercial and  parllamentaiy  hiltoi-y  of  Eng- 
land, ancient  and  modern,  forms  amagni- 
£cent  fpcciroen  of  Englifli  typography. 

Mr.  Andrews  alio  propules  to  pub- 
li/h.  In  the  courfe  of  next  month,  a  "  Ge- 
ographical Atlas  of  E>igland,"  upon  a 
fimlur,  though  lei's  extenlive,  plan  tlian 
the  above,  for  the  iiluftcation  of  the  Hlf- 
tory  of  England,  and  for  the  improvement 
•f  youth. 

Atranflatlonby  Mr.  John  Gipforb, 
4f  Camille  JORDAJ4's  Addrcfs  to  !iis 
Conftitoents  on  his  Jate  Profcription,  will 
iioitly  make  its  appearance. 

Mr.  Murphy  is  about  to  pnblifh  a 
tragedy  on  a  very  intereJling  fubjecl,  but 
v.'hich,  from  the  prefent  Itatc  of  the  dj-a- 
ma,  he  docs  not  think  it  prudent  to  briiig 
out  on  the  ftage.  He  is  al/o  engaged  on 
his  long-expefted  "Life  of  Samuel  Focie. 

Dr.  Bis  SET  will  fpeedily  pubii/li  a 
Life  of  Mr.  Burke. 

Mr.  Cottle,  ofBrirtol,  is  about  to 
publilh  a  moi-al  and  dei'criptive  poem, 
called  'f  ^falvern  Hill  " 

The  fcrraons  of  the  late  Mr.  Jardine, 
axe  nearly  ready  for  delivery. 

Mr.  Lloyd  and  Mr.  L.wtr.  are  about 
to  piibKlh  two  volumes  of  ir.iiccllancous 
pieces,  to  be  entitled  "  Blink  Vcrfe." 

A  volimie  of  Letters  from  the  late  Rev. 
S*r  James  Stonehouse,  B:ut.  to  the 


her  of  the  Supreme  Civil  Court  of  Scot- 
land, arc  now  in  the  pitrfs  at  Edinburgh^ 
and  will  be  publiflied  within  a  few  montns^ 
in  two  volumes,  8vo.  An  6dc .  to  War, 
belonging  to  this  collection,  is  fpokenof 
as  dil'playing  fome  very  noble  ftrokes'of 
the  piftureli^e,  the  terrible,  and  the  tpue 
Xublime.  ,  - 

Mr.  Malcolm  Lainc  is  ejtpe^Ved  to 
publifh  in  the  courle  of  the  prefent  year, 
'*'  The  Hiitery  of  Scotland,  during  the 
feventeenth  Centiirv'."  Little  doubt  Is 
entertained,  bilt  this  work  will,  inelabo- 
ratenefs  of  iearch,  in  ardent  patriotifm  of 
feiitiment,  in  the  adaptation  of  hiftory  to , 
illuftrate  arid  confii  m  popuLu"  opinions  in 
phllclophy,  greatly  excel  that  portion  of 
Mr.  Heron's  Hlftoiy  of  Scotland,  which 
relates  to  the  fame  period. 

Mr.  John  Home,  whofe  tragedy  of 
I>ouglas  is  ftill  the  pride  of  the  Briti(h 
drama,  in  underftood  to  have  been  for 
many  years  engaged  in  the  compofition  of 
a  "  Hiftory  of  the  Rebellion  of  174.5.*' 
Motives  of  perfonal  delicacy,  it  is  feared, 
will  difpofe  him  to  decline  publifhing  thi» 
valuable  work  in  hi^  own  life-time,  but 
rather  to  l^ave  it  at  his  death,  fo  that  k 
may  be  delivered  by  pofthumous  publica- 
tion, as  a  vahnble  Ivgrxy  to  pofterity. 

Mr.  ANDRiiW  Dalziel,  the  able 
proieflbr  of  Greek  language  and  literature 
in  the  ITniverlity  of  Edinburgh,  is  expell- 
ed Ihoitly  to  fend  to  the  pj vfs,  «*  A  S'.  lec- 


Rcv.  Mr.  Stedman^,  of  SUce.vIbury,  ;s    tion  of  Latin  Poctiy,"'  comoofcd  by  enii- 
•  preparing  foirche  prefs.  neut  ftateftnenj  ih'tliL'  o!id  01  the/A7«?c/7/,, 

and 


134 


Litirarj  and  Pbibfopbical  Nrws* 


and  in  tbe  trft  part  of  ihefrlpentfemb  ten* 
tury ;  which  wili  ierve  as  a  facred  monu- 
ment of  the  genius  and  claificai  erudition 
of  the  Scots ;  and  will  evince,  that  In  the 
powers  of  Iratin  compofition,  they  were»  in 
the  sera  here  fpecifieai  inferior  to  the  Ita- 
lians alone,  and  greatly  fuperior  to  the 
French,  to  the  Englifli,  to  the  Poles,  to 
the  Germans,  and  the  iXiteh. 

At  a  late  meeting  of  the  Highlanz) 
Society^  ibme  commtmications  were 
made  froin  a  fub-^cottimittee^  which  repre- 
lent  considerable  progrefs  to  hare  been 
made  in  the  endearour  finally  to  afcertain 
the  truth  in  that  interefting  literary  auef- 
tion,  concerning  the  authenticity  of  the 
poems  afcribed  to  OfRan  the  fbn  of  Fingal. 
The  following  Table  indicates  the 
aew  Geographical  Diftribution  of  the 
JUguriatt  (Gcnoefe)  Republic,  including 
the  departments,  capital  towns,  popu- 
lation, and  the  number  of  deputies  tnat 
each  department  returns  to  the  LegiilatlTc 
Body. 

Capitab.  PouJatioH,  D, 
CcDos,  81205  >3 
San-remOj  S3647  6 
I^ano,  40^10  6 
Pietxa,  40659  6 
Safona  377^7  6 
Valtri,  39736  6 
RiTsroUi  33698  5 
Gsvi,  26809      4 

RochetUy  »58xo  4 
Otcoae,  25280  4 
St.MartiiiOy  40390  6 
Rappallo,  40430  6 
ChiavaD}>  40570  6 
Givanto,  40x53  6 
25  Golfa  dellaSpetia,Spezia,        40210      6 

*  636485  90 
Profeflbr  CLXVARIUS,  of  Kiel,  con- 
tinues to  publiih  the  periodical  work 
which  we  before  announced.— One  of 
the  valuable  articles  in  the  lad  Num- 
ber, on  the  Uberty  of  the  prefs  in  Den- 
markf  proves,  that  under  the  Danifli 
Qoveniment,  dcfpoticalasit  is,  the  moft 
.  delicate  fubjcfls  can  be  handled  with  im- 
punity. 
k  The  complete  works  of  P.  PoiVRE, 
intendant  cf  the  Illes  of  France  and  Bour- 
•bon,  have  been  recently  publiihed  in 
Paris,  in  one  oftavo  volume.  This  vo- 
lume contains  the  life  of  Poivre;  his 
'*"  Foj.^gc  (Tune  Pkilofcphe -^""^  information 
relative  to  the  agriculture  of  the  above 
colonies  j  extraft  cf  a  voyage  to  the  Phi- 

apinc  iflajids ;  mlifion  to  the  Molucca 
inds  J  extra^  of  a  vopge  from  Son- 
nerat  to  India  and  China  j  letter  relative 
to  ti.e  Icdian  mc^od  of],  dying ;  account 


Dipartmentu 
2  Genoa, 

2  Delle  Palme, 

3  Capo-Verde, 

4  Maremola, 
•  5  Latunbro, 

.  6  Catufi, 
7  Paleevera, 

5  Lemo, 

9  EBftUguxian, 

20  Weft, 

21  BifHU>» 

12  Golfo  Tigulio, 
23  Entella, 
14  Vafa, 


#f  dl6  rmoiral  of  the  cimmtnon  and  dM 
tnet  to  the  lile  of  Fraike  7  <Sxi'  &cV '  "^ 

The  Brunonian  (yfteihi^hieh  has  met 
With  fo  moch  opnofition  «t  iSb^  native 
'  country  of  its  audior,  ha*  foun-pi^. 
lytel  in  ferend  parts  of  Etfipper*  A 
German  phyficlah,  WfiiKARDy'-ptlB- 
lifhed  Ibme  time  a|ro^  «<  An  Exinnst- 
tion  of  a  more  iimple  Syftem  of  Medicint, 
or  the  Illuftration  and  Conflnnaticn' ef 
the  Medicinal  I>oanae  of  Bcovm.'* 
This  work  has  been  tranilated  i^o  the 
Italian  Unguage,  and  enriched  with 
notes,  by  Profe&r  Frank/  of  the  Uns 
Vei-Hty  of  Pavia ;  and  from  thia  Italian 
edition  a  French  one  is  pivparinK  by  Lr- 
VEiLLE,  member  of  the  Medlcu  Society 
of  Paris. 

On  the  2(1  6f  December  laff,  the  Di- 
re£lor  General  of  Public  Inftruf^ion  in 
Paris  diifaributed  tl^  K^'^  among  the 
fuccefsful  candidatesr  pupils  ofthe  Ma^ 
tional  fchool  of  paintms  and  fculpture. 
Real  talents,  developed  E^  a  eoaiftant  and 
laborious  application,  were  crowned  at 
this  intereftmg  ceremony. 

The  zreat  cosdimption  of  iba^,  which 
of  coui*^  is  attended  with  a  proportion- 
ate' conftunption  of  oil,  renders  the  manu- 
fa£lure  of  woollen  cloths  very  expenfive. 
Several  attempts  have  therefore  been  made 
todifpenfe  with  this  ingredient,  by  fub- 
Ifituting  pot  alhes  in  itsflead:  but  the 
ftrong  alkaline  properties  of  the  latter 
never  fail  to  corrode  the  cloth,  and  render 
it  unferviceable.  To  remedy  this  incon* 
venience,  M.  Cuaptal  has  made  ex- 
jjeriments  of  a  vtry  ingenious  procefs,  bj 
iaturating  the  alksuine  liquid  wocU 
previous  to  its  application  to  the  nnuni- 
faifture  of  cloths.  After  linvtating  the 
aihes,  he  faturates  the  water,  and  lets 
it  evaporate  to  a  certain  degree.  He 
then  throws  intb  his  lixivium  pieces  of 
cloth  and  wool,  tajcing  care  to  ftir  the 
ccmpofition,  till  du  rags  are  completeiv 
difToived.  An  adequate  proportion  oi 
wool  is  fuperadded,  till  the  corroiive  qaa- 
Jities  of  the  liquid  are  perfef^ly  ablbrlied ; 
when  it  may  be  ufed  without  the  finalWl 
inconvenience  or  danger.  It  comnnmi- 
catcs  an  excellent  glofs  to  the  cicth, 
renders  it  coinnletely  fupple,  and  m 
every  refpeft  anlwers  all  the  purpofc*  cf 
common  foap.  It  is  neceflliry  to  obferre, 
that  the  cloth  in  the  firft  inftance  ac- 
quirci  a  very  ftrong  and  difagrceable 
micir,  which,  however,  vaniflies  en  its 
being  bicachecj.  And,  fecondly,  the  In- 
difciiminate  ufe  of  pircesof  cloth  of  va- 
rious coloui-s,  in  fat^iratingthelixitwitn, 
communicates  a  diiiky  tin^e  to  tbi  tibd;. 


Phlbfophical  News.....Wer]ts  in  Handj  (fe. 


133 


whicb  prov^no  detrimexit  to  dark  cIotb9» 
^  coofid^bly  affe£ls  the  gloi!ine&  of 
lighter^ours,  ^ikl%  ^convenience  i« 
mLy  pbviafiedi  by  en^loyinj^,  in  the  lat- 
ter ciie»)(mly  ^^z  ragf.  for  faturatvng 
tbe  iixirium* 

"fj^  Royal  Libnuy  in  Copenlugen 
hat  been  tnriched  by  the  acqulfition  of 
th& valuable  coUe£kjon  of  books  belong- 
ing to  the  celebrated  chancellor^  de  Suhm, 
This  nobleman,  by  way  of  cOmpenfa- 
tioi  for  this  literary  eefGon^  enjoys  a 
yearly  peniion  of  3000  rix-doUai'S  during 
life,  with  a  contingent  annuity  of  2000 
nx-doIiar<  to  his  lady,  in  cafip  of  furvi- 
vaL 

A  defcriptive  catalogue  hat  recently 
])cen-.publi<hed   in   Stockholm^   of  the 
vaiuabie  antiques  purchafed   at  Rome, 
bv  Guftavus  III.     This  catalogue   is 
Uiuftiated  with  17  plates.     Among  the 
moilremsirkable  articles  may  be  reckoned 
a  beautiful   bos  relief,    reprefenting   a 
Uipod  placed  upon  an  altar,  with  a  £m- 
Seau  at  the  foot,  round  which  a  {erpcnt 
enn^'ines   itfelf.     The  altar  bears  this 
infcription, "  malus  gefdusBruti/*  Facing 
it  is  a  winged  genius,  holding  a  drawn 
bow  in  his  hand,  feemingly  in  the  a£l  of 
discharging   his    (haft   at  the    ferpent. 
The  drefs  of  the  genius  is  Phrygian  or 
Pedian,     The  editor  is  of  opinion,  that 
this  antique  is  the  produclion  of  the  firft 
•years   of  the  Auguftan  age,    and  pro- 
nounces it  to  be  anterior  to  that  ftate  of 
perfe^ion    which  the  art   of  fculpture 
attamed  towards  the  clofe  of  this  em- 
ptvor\  reign. 

.  T^c  Botanical  Garden  at  Gottingen 
bas  been  cpnfiderably  enlarged,  and  its 
valoabJe  hesbary  enriched  by  the  acqui- 
fition  of  the  excellent  and  numerous  col- 
^.  lefljon  of  the  late  celebrated  botanift 
tU>erhar4t,  who  was  commiilloned  by 
■the  King  of  £ngl^^  to  compile  the 
Flora  Haiwverana,  Kor  do  the  arts  in 
this  pilive  moment  meet  with  lefs  encou- 
ragement t]\an  the  fciences.  Beildes  the 
rich  colle«5lion  of  imprefliona  by  Uffen- 
bach,  this  UniverfUy  has  recently  been 
put  in  poncflion  of  the  beautif\il  cabinet 
^f  paintings  belonging  to  the  late  Aulic 
counsellor.  J.  W.  Zi<;hcm.  This  col- 
le^tioa  confifts  of  270  articles,  worthy 
of  the  Flemiih,  Dutch,  and  German 
fchools, 

OirfTgcnc  appears  now  to  be  the  order 
of  the  day.  Mr.  Trotter  attributes 
the  ila  (curvy  to  want  of  oxygene.  Gii*' 
tanner  is  ot  opinion,  that  fyphilis  1% 
induced,  in  coniequence  of  a  deficiency 
of  oxrgene  ia  the  fyftcm^    Some  afcrilt 


the  curative  operation  of  mercurial  ox« 
ydes  jn  |ues,  to  the  oxygene  they  contam^ 
While  others  pretend  to  have  cured  par- 
ticulsM:  clu-onic  difUmpers,  incident  to  the 
human  frame,  by  fn(  fofe  agency  of 
oxyeene. 

"fbe  Pbilotecbnieal  Society  in  Paris  held 
their  public  fittings  on  the  nth  oflaft 
Oftobcr,  The  proceedings  of  this  af- 
fcmbly  are  greatly  interefting.  The 
Secretaiy,  in  a  pi'eliminary  fpeech,  ob- 
fervcd,  that  inflcad  of  launching  out  into 
a  dry  and  uninftni61:ive  analyhs  of  the 
whole  proceedings  of  the  fcciety,  they 
they  would  connne  their  obfervations  to 
a  recapitulation  of  the  new  and  import- 
ant difcoveries  which  fhould  be  made 
from  fitting  to  fitting  in  the  Sciences,  the 
Belles  Lettres,  and  the  Arts.  In  purfu- 
ance  of  this  judicious  determination,  re- 
port was  made  on  the  fubjeft  of  the  firft 
part  of  the  Engravings  illuftrativc  of  the 
«*  Ht/hry  ofljiria and  Dalmatia.*'  Then 
followed  the  report  of  the  Commifl^ies 
appointed  by  the  Society  to  examine  the 
Panorama  of  Paris,  executed  in  has  re* 
iieff  by  ♦  DarnavD. 

Margourit  read  a  difTertation,  en- 
titled, "  Thoughts  QM  the  frorrejftve  march 
of  the  Humofi  Racey  round  toe  ijohole  Com* 
pafs  of  the  Globe,  The  author  regards  all 
the  different  nations  fcattered  on  the  face 
of  the  earth,  as  one  large  fociety,  which 
(ucceflively  makes  the  tour  of  ete ry  part 
of  the  globe,  halting  at  particular  places, 
till  it  nas  cxhaufted  all  the  various  pro- 
duflions  of  the  region,  where  they  fix 
their  temporary  fojoum.  Planters  and 
cultivators  of  wade  lands  are  the  harbin- 
gers of  this  large  moving  mafs  of  people  j- 
and  thofe  countries,  where  the  arts  and 
fciences  flourifh  in  the  greateft  perfcftion, 
form  their  place  of  temporary  fojourn. 
This  fojoiu-n  at  prcfent  is  Europe,  but 
from  a  variety  of  ingenious  conjeftures, 
and  a£^ual  reiearches  made  by  the  author, 
during  a  long  fcries  of  joumies  in  differ- 
ent parts  of  America,  Citizen  Mangov- 
RIT  gives  it  as  his  opinion,  that  Eurojje 
is  threatened  with  no  very  diftant  emi- 
gration of  the  large  fociety  of  mankind,  who 
will  pafs  over  to  America,  whither  they 
have  already  ftnt  their  harbingers,  the 
culti^Titorrf  and  planters, 

Lavalle  terminated  the  fitting8,with 
pronouncing  a  ipirited  eulogitim  upox^ 
General  Marceau.  .  ^ 

'  Dufrefne-  hat  .commuxiicated  to   the 
Society  of  VAtpM  Hiftory  at  Paris,  the 

•  A  notice  of  ^his  ingenious  pcrTormancc 

^as  given'hi  ottt  Afasacioe  for'Uft  NbVtemb'cfc 

••^criptioa 


*3* 


^n^wiont  Cbemical  IniMgenc^^ 


<telbri]^^  of  ft  new  (beciM  of  Monkey,, 
whicb  he  names  iince  ^nua  BnttUvs,  The 
^ody  of  thi«  animal,  which  is  a  native  of 
Bmgaly  i«  of  a  paJc  ^w  colour,  and  in 
£Nrm  and  Hze  bears  a  drong  refemblance 
to  the  Simia  Nemeus.  It  meafures  in 
length  about  three  feet,  the  tail  is  con- 
£derably  bnger  than  the  whole  body* 
a^  terminates  in  a  bu(h  of,  long  hairc, 
of  %  paler  hue  than  the  other  parts  of  the 
anIoiaL  The  hands  and  feet  are  black, 
^nd  the  caIlo£tie$  on  the  poderiors  un- 
conunonly  large. 

TheAbbfcSERTiNELLi,  inhis"/>j^ 
^urfe  concerning  the  prtjent  State  of  Litera- 
ture and  the  Arts,  in  Mantua,  iniorms  us, 
on  the  authority  of  a  manu^ript  bv  one 
John  Piccinardi*  preferved  in  tlie  librai-y 
of  Ciieniona,  that  it  was  cuftomary  in  the 
i5thttntviy>  on  the  feftival  of  St.  Paul, 
to  chmtBt  a  hymn  in  honour  of  the  poet 
Virgil.  According  to  an  ancient  tra- 
dition, the  apoftle  of  the  Gentiles  is  faidj 
gn  hi9  arrifral  at  Naples,  to  have  paid  a 
vitit  to  Virgirs  tomb,  and  to  hayc  ex- 
preflTed  his  regret,  in  lively  terms,  at  not 
naTing  been  a  coteraporajy  of  the  Man- 
tuan  bard,  that  be  mi^ht  have  enjoyed 
aaopportunit^r  of  forming  a  per&nal  ac- 
quaintance with  this  excellent  ^t,  and 
converting  him  to  the  Chriftian  reli- 
ffion.  This  tradition  is  related  in  the 
S>lk>wing  Hnes,  whldi  constitute  a  pait 
of  the  hymn  formerly  chaunted  in  honour 
of  Virgil,  on  the  fcAival  of  St.  Paul  s 

Ad  Maronismaufoleum 

J)n£kus,  fudit  fuper  eum 
Piae  tori'em  lacrymae. 

Quern  te,  inquit,  reddidiflem. 

Si  tevivum  inveniiTem^ 
.Poetarum  maxime. 
Chrmistrv. 
The  firft  part  of  a  Syftem  of  Diffiraions, 
^plajning  the   anatomy  of  the  human 
body,  the  manner  of  difplaying  the  part:^, 
and  their  varieties  in  difeaie,  with  plates, 
by  Mr,  Charlbs  Bell,  of  Edinhurjjh, 
vf'iiX  be  delivered  in  a  few  days.     The 
work  is  lu-inted  in  folio,  and  each  part  is 
fold  io^  ^ve  Shillings  and  fixpencc. 

The  7Jift  number  of  the  "  AnnaUs  de 
Chtmie,"^  for  Nov,  J797,  has  lately  ar- 
rived-an  this  couAtry.  It  is  one  of  the 
moft  important  of  thfi  whole  feries,  aji  will 
appeal'  from  the  ibllowiug  cxtra^  1 
^  f<  Obforvations  and  expcrLoients  of  M« 
Git£N»  on  the  foimatiqn  of  fulphate  of 
ibda  ^kiib<x'«  ialt)^iaiea. water  and 
brin9.fpring»>.by«^>6ifeto>a  tempebi* 
tui»  below  the  freezing  point  j  and  an 
eafy^ucfibodof-freeamgit  j&om  this  d«li.* 
qii«ic«u  £thV'  Tl^  Ai$^«f  thisAiemoir 
b.jC<|ttaUje»  important  to  the  chemii!  and 


manufa^hirer  pf  fait.-    Tf«  {l^ief-fate 

contained  in  it  are  the  following  r 

I-  Sulphate  of  magnefia  |[Rpfom  fak)" 
and  muriate  of  (bda  (cortunon  (alt)  being 
added  to  each  other  in  ibiution,  aid  ftib- 
je^ed  to  congelation,  are  reciprocally  de- 
^ompofed  into  fulphatc  of  foda  and  muH- 
ate  of  nragncfia,  nor  wiM  tlic  two  newly 
fonncd  neutral  falts  be  d^ompofed  l^ 
reftcring  the  former  temperature  of  the 
mixture  ^  by  the  fimple  procefs,  therefore, 
of  freezing  lea  water,  any  rouantity  of 
glauber's  fait  may  be  readily  procured. 

II*  The  deliquefcent  fafts  contained 
in  lea-water,  or  brine  Springs,  which  foms 
the  mother-water  and  contaminate  the 
fait,  are  muriate  of  lime,  or  muriate  of 
magneiia,  or  both  together, 

I ,  When  the  muriate  of  lime  is  the 
only  contaminating  matter,  an  addition 
of  fulphate  of  foda  (glaubcr's  fait)  pro- 
cured in  the  manner  above-mentioned, 
wilj  decompofe  the  muriate  of  iime,  tbrro- 
ing  muriate  of  ibda  (common  fait)  and 
fulphate  of  lime,  which  bemg  an  infolu- 
ble  fait,  will  be  precipitated,  and  from 
which  the  liquor  may  jcafily  be  poured  oS 
clear. 

2«  If  the  water  contains  muriate  of  m/^'" 
nejia,  quick  lime  is  to  l>e  added,  which 
forms  muriate  of  lime,  while  the  magnelia 
is  precipitated  j  the  muriate  of  lime  is  af* 
terwards  to  be  decompofed  by  the  firft 
procefs. 

3.  If  muriate  of  lime  asd  muriate  of 
magnefia  exiil  together  in  the  fait  liquor, 
the  muriate  of  lime  is  iirft  to  be  got  ri4 
of  by  procefs  i .  and  muriate  of  magnefia 
by  procefs  a. 

The  advantages  to  be  derived  froi* 
thefe  proce^es  ai'e  very  important ;  in  thp 
iiril  place,  the  quantity  of  the  ialt  is  in* 
crcalid,  and  the  evaporation  may  fafely 
be  cairiedon  to  dxynefs,  as  no  mother 
water  will  remain.  Secondly,  the  quality 
of  the  fait  will  be  greatly  impravcd,  and 
it  will  not  be  at  allfubjeft  to  deliouefce, 
or  become  moift  by  txpofm'c  to  tne  air. 
Thirdly,  a  coniidcrabie  quantity  of  mag- 
nella  is  procured. 
Chemical  Notices,  betn^  extraSs  ef 

a  ktterfrom  Prcfejor  ScaaRER  to  Cit 

Van-Mo  N  5. 

I.  «  pr.  Gaerener,  in  his  experi- 
ments on  urine,-  is  led  to  believe  that 
a"  peculiai:'  acid  is  contained  in  it,  the 
pnopfcties  of  v^liich  are,  it  is  volatile,  and 
readily  fiiblimcs  in  the  form  of  light 
f]a)^fs  L  th^  nitric  a9id  does  not  coftv^^rt  it 
into  phofphoric  acid }  the  ^itric,  m^^^Cp 
and  lulphuric  acids  detach  it  from. its  ^^^ 
luline  aad  cfutliv  CQ&^iQatioa^  partly  in 
"  —  the 


Chemical  Notieet....l7ew  Patitii  in  Fthruary, 


»3* 


tbe  (bno  k£  gsLt»  and  partly^  in  that  of  a 
concnrteacidt  which  lafty  bv  evaporation, 
prodoces  aiealv  Mt  with  toe  fame  odour 
3s  the  gas>  and  not  alterable  by  the  air. 
It  appears  to  be  an  inteimede  between  the 
beiuoic  and  Uthic  acids » 

1 .  Dr.  C A  M  M  A  N  N  has  difcovered,  that 
the  green  colour  of  fome  of  the  fympathe- 
tic  cobaltic  inks,  is  o^ing  to  a  mixture 
of  iron :  an  explanation  that  at  6rft  iight 
appears  highly  probable,  as  reluiting  from 
the  union  of  the  yellow  of  the  nitrate  of 
iron,  and  the  blue  of  the  nitnkte  of  Cobalt. 
3.  That  rare  mineral,  the  Honey -flofie^ 
(pierre  de  mici,  Houigilein)  has  been 
analyzed  by  Mr.  Abich,  and  found  to  con- 
f jfu  per  cent.  44.5  Carbonic  acid,  28 
water  of  cryftallization,  With  a  flavour 
like  that  01  bitter  almonds,  1.5.  bitu- 
minous oiU  X7*75*  Aluminc,  a.  Iron, 
4.5.  Caibon." 

ExtraB  of  a  letter  from  M.  Gren>  to 
Ctt.  Van  Mons. 
I.  <'  M.  Gren  has  been  making  ex- 
periments on  refpiraticn,  the  rcfults  of 
which  ate,  that  the  oxygenous  bafe  of 
atfflofpheric  air  is  wholly  confumed  in  the 
lungs  by  the  carbon  and  hydrogen  form- 
ing with  the  former  carbonic  acid,  with 
the  htter  water  i  that  the  difference  be- 
twwh  the  Vertous  arid  arterial  blood  is  not 
in  the  abibrption  of  oxygen  by  the  arterial 
blood,  but>the  lofs  of  a  quantity  of  hy- 
drocarbonatc,  and  thai  the  excefs  of  this 
hvdrocarbonate  in  the  fyilem,  is  the  caufe 
of  death  by  fuffocation,  drowning,  &c. 


and  in  the  fietai  ftate,  by  interruption  of 
the  circulation  through  the  placenta. 

2.  Intheprocefi  of  foap-making,  to* 
wards  the  latter  end  of  the  boiling,  when 
the  oil  has  united  with  the  pure  potaih^ 
it  is  cuftomary  to  add  a  quantity  or  com- 
mon fait,  (muriate  of  ibda)  in  order  to 
harden  the  foap }  the  chemical  effe6l  of 
this  addition  has  lately  been  difcoVered  to 
be  a  decompoiltion  of  the  foap  and  the 
fait,  and  the  formation  of  foap  of  foda  and 
muriate  of  potaih.  It  would,  therefore, 
appear  to  be  much  more  economical  to 
fubditute  foda  for  potafh,  provided  the 
coli  of  the  foda  is  lefs  than  that  of  the 
potaih  and  fait.  Inftead  of  hard  concrete 
oils,  fuch  as  talloW,  &c.  experiments 
have  been  made  in  the  Polytechnic  fchool^ 
with  butter  and  fluid  animal  and  vege- 
table oils,  from  which^  by  means  of 
foda,  a  fufliciently  hard  ibap  has  been 
procured.'' 

Befides  the  aiticles  here  (peciiiedi  this 
number  of  the  '<  AtmaUs  de  Chimie"^  con- 
tains, Obfervations  on  the  Acid  of  Tin, 
and  it^  Ores,  b^  Guyton  db  Mor- 
VEAV  :  An  Eliay  on  the  Produ^ionof 
Carbonic  Acid  inVeeetation,  by  M.  Db 
Saussure,  juns  An  Analyfis  of  the 
Pumice  Stone>  by  Mi  Klaprotus 
Several  interefting  Obiervations  and  Ex- 
periments on  Platma,  by  Count  MussiN- 
PuscHiN :  Remarks  on  Natural  Phoi% 
phori,  by  M*  CARRADOHt. 

Analyfes  of  all  thefe  papers  will  appear 
in  our  next  number. 


NEW  PATENTS, 

Enrolled  in  the  Afonih  cf  February. 

Mr  Crook^s,  for  making  Soap*  and  the  mixture^  ^hile  boiling,  it  united 
'T"'*HE  art  oi"  manufacturing  a  ibap  from    with  as  much  of  turpentine  alone,  or  tur- 

A  refufe  wool,  hair,  horns,  hoots,  and  pentine  and  palm-t>iU  as  the  operator 
Dther  fimilar  animal  matters,  was  invent-  choofes.  The  foap  thus  formed,  is  to  be 
e^  laft  yeai'  In'  France,  and  the  method  expofed  in  a  broad  (hallow  veffel,  for  the 
his  been  detailed  in  the  **  J  finales  de  fpace  of  about  fix  weeks,  to  the  open  a  tr, 
Chrtrie. "  Upon  this  dlfcovcry  is  founded  after  which  it  is  ready  for  ufe  as  a  foft 
2.FateHtfw^ane''WtfUtbcdofmaking  Soap,  foapk  The  procei's  for  hard  foap  differs 
ivhich  in  J&imary  laft  was  granted  to  Mr.    but  little  from  the  foregoing;   the  pro- 


Jo  :in  Crook,  of  Edinburgh,  Chemili 

The  bafi*  of  this  manufa^lure  is  refufe 
ijl  of  all  kinds,  as  well  a»  the  animal 
mAttei-  that  remains  after  the  extraction 
ot  Aih-oil.  The  fifii,  after  being  coarfcly 


portion  of  oil,  or  tallow,  is  to  be  equal  to 
the  weigiit  of  the  fi(h  employed ;  and* 
after  the  addition  of  the  rodn  and  palm 
oil,  the  mixture  is  to  be  well  boiled  with 
common  wafte  leyi-  and  finiihsd  in  the 


/r.ilhc'di'areput  into  water  axid  waihed  ufi.ii!  manner, 
uum  the  blood  and  dirt,  and  afterwards        To  the  fame  fpecification  is  added  R 

are  added  gradually  to  a  bailing  folution  new  method  of  bleaching,  in  which  the 

f.\  cauftic  alcali,  till  it  rcfufes  to  dillbive  only  difference  between' uiis  and  the  com- 

knv  more,  or  is  completely  faturatcd.  A  mon  mode  of  employing  oxygenated  mu- 

iji.juity  of  coarft  oil  of  tallow,  equal  in  riatic  acid,  confijfts  i:i  tlic  luoftitution  of  ' 

vc'ioht  to  \  part  of  the  fiih  is  next  added,  lime-water  to  an  alcaline  fi^lution,  in  the 

MosTWLY  Mac.  No.  XXVIil.  application  of  the  gas.  REVIEW 

T 


(    136  ,) 
REVIEW  OF  NEW  MUSICAL  PUBLICATIOKS. 


"  ^HEIR  grrvcs  of  fwtcZ  Myrtles,"    a 

^         Scotch   ballad,  written  by    the  late 

Robert  Burn,  Qomyofcd  hy  y.  j^mhrofe.     is. 

Riley. 
Mr.  Ambrofcr,  in  this  balkd,  has  pro- 
duced a  Aiccef«fvl  imitation  of  the  Scotch 
f^ylc.  If  the  melody  po^rLlTcs  any  ma- 
teriil  dcfe<5li,  they  are  thofc  of  common 
place  idea* ;  but  we  muft  fay,  that  the 
thoughts,  whatever  they  may  be  in 
tluTUJclves,  are  pleaiingly  arranged,  and 
form  in  the  aggregate;  a  very  attiiftive 
fnjriody. 

A  military  March,  in  fcore,  arranged  far 
the  pUno  forte,  comrofed  and  dedicated,  by 
permifSon  to  Lord  Vernon,  by  y.  Fiffln, 
15.  Holland. 

This  march,  coDdderingthat  itmarch^ 
throughout  in  the  old  beaten  traft,  is  to- 
lei-abiy  good  in  its^ftyle,  and  difcovera 
confiderable  ingenuity  in  the  compofer. 
The  Icone  is  put  together  with  judgment, 
and  id  calculate^  to  produce  much  mili- 
tary ,effc^. 

The  Piano- Forte  Magazine,  or  Elegant  Libra- 
ry of  Ancient  and  Modem  Mufic,  in  weekly 
nuttberiii     fts.  6d.  each. 

Harrifon  and  Clufe. 
This  work,  which  has  now  arrired  at 
its  eightieth  numbtr,  continues  to  pof- 
fefsj^s  well  as  to  merit,  public  eilcnu. 
The  catalogue  of  its  contents,  which  is 
become  very  cxteniive,  exhibits  a  rich 
coUe^ion,  and*  docs  honour  to  the  judg- 
ment of  the  editors;  but  we  would  re- 
commend to  their  cloler  attention,  the 
great  works  of  Handel  and  Amc,  which 
open  a  valt  field  for  the  exercile  of  their 
tade',  and  cannot  fail  to  bring  additional 
aitraftion  to  the  vahiabie  mafs  which 
thty  have  already  accumulated. 
Three  Duels  for  two  German  flutes,  com- 
pofcii  by  fif^'i  liuM  Lirr^y  op.  2d.      6;^. 

L*»itj{mai)  and  Bror^crip. 
Thelccluft?  arecxpreiVly  com pc  led  for 
eit'tur  a  juveniW  peifoLmtT  or  cne  more 
advanced  in  practice  j  aii  tlwr  ditrcult 
}».  rf'^vj)  huviog  two  part«,  thecalitlt  of 
wliicli  is  iiiicrred  in  lir.all  notes.  This 
rnvthcnl  of  iiccommcKijtin;- .in  Hie  fame 
piece  ji;orethaii  one  ciafs  of  practitioners, 
nif'cts  c'.ir  tilling  i*p}»:obdtioii ;  uiid  we 
tive  ^Ir.  L'iiu\  a:i  due  credit  tor  its 
gis-ui  uCc  a.  wtii  IS  ihjvri:^ .  The  pieces 
are  wiirtui  wiifi  much  talie  andeale,  and 
that  feind  of  execijtion  is  inrroduced 
ivliich  ttLds  to  improve  the  hand  while 
it  intereii:^  tUc  ear*  We  find  employed 
i.vif,  -a?  atuluott  n.overiit'Mii,  the  old  and 
favouiitc  Svw^uli  ^irs  oi  ♦«  VQ/taU  And  I 


came  o'er  the  Af(W,*'  which,   with  th^ 
combination  of  the  two  inftruments,  aivcl 
the  littl«  embelliihincnts  they  have  re- 
ceived from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Lmg,  are 
produ£(iTe  of  much  fweetnels  of  effcfV. 
•*  The  Lover's  Sigh,*'  fung  by  Mrs.  Francit 
with  univcrfal  apj-laufc,  in  Amurath  the 
Fourth,  compofed  by  Mr.  Sarderjn.     n. 
Longman  and  Broderip. 
The  opening  of  this  air  is  remarkably 
pleafmg,    and  a  uhUj  of  ftyle  prevails  . 
thicujrTiout.      Mr.     Sanderson    has 
produced  a  confiderable  number  of  agree- 
able melodies;  but  nOne  of  them  difco- 
ver  greater  improYcmcnt  of  fiwicy  than 
the  prcfcnt  compofition.   With  the  voice 
part  he  has  given  the  violin  accompany- 
ments,  in  which  vir  find  much  orcheftral 
experience  and  knowledge  of  tScGt, 

The  Fife  Hunt ;  a  favourite  Scotch  air  with 
Variations,  for  the  harp  or  piano-forte,  by 
Sig.  M»nnu     IS.  Sklllera. 

The  Fife  Hunt,  qualified  by  thofe 
variations,  forms  an  excellent  leubn  for 
the  piano-forte.  Some  of  the  difbmces 
in  tne  third  variation  will,  perhaps  be 
found  fomewhat  awkward  for  the  inex- 
perienced hand  j  yet  the  eafy  flow  which 
prevails  through  mofl  of  the  paffages 
enables  us  to  pronounce  it  an  ul^ful  ex- 
ercife  for  the  young  pra^litioner. 

Monymufk;  a  celebrated  Scotch  Reel,  with 
Variations  for  the  piano  forte,  violin,  or 
German  flute,  compofed  by  Sig.  MoBm. 
.18.  -  Skillem. 

The  variafions  to  this  little  air  are 
written  with^a  more  flri6l  regard  to  the 
charafVer  of  the  original  than  we  gene- 
i-ally  meet  with  in  produ»5tIon8  of^this 
kind.  They  are  fo  enfy  of  execution  as 
to  be  pcrfe^ly  calculated  for  the  prai^lice 
of  young  perfofTncrs,  and  yet  arc  con- 
cri'-etl  wiftl  fufficient  ladt  to  latisfy  the 
moil  refined  ear. 

Apollo    et    Terpfichore  '(to    be    continued 

monrhlj)  bciMg  a  Collodion  of  the  mo  ft 

celcbiAtc.l  Soiv^s,  Duets,  Ron»rfc2U5,  Airs, 

&c.  cxtnitlcd  horn  the  latcft  operas^  and 

othrr  cntcrtuinrrer:R,  adapted  to  rhc  piano 

foite,    violin,  guhar,    or    Ocimari   fiute. 

IS.  6^1.  Rolre. 

In  thr>  pericxlicnl  pMbllcation,  the  fiill 

number  ot  which  lays  before  us,  ue  hnd 

a  jiidrcioiis   leltylion  of    eafy  inelodies. 

The  celebiiteti  Welfh  air,  the  forg  in 

CoiH-rar^,  and  "  Adellc  Fldeles,''   urc 

ftrong  reccmmtfiidrj  Ions ;  aiid  ihc  cUganr 

little  fVc^niilpiccc  does  civJil  to  the  i^irit 

a:id  taitc  of  the  pulLlhcKN. 

'  '  The 


Revuw  of  the  New  Mvjlc. 


^27 


The  Ntval  and  Military  Gentleman's  Com- 
plete Muficr.1  Compendium,  arranged  for 
the  piano- forte,  with  an  accompanymcnt 
for  a  flute  or  violin,  or  as  duets  for  flutes 
and  violins.  •  Rolfe. 

Number  I.  of  this  military  colle^flion, 
contains  the  march  in  Evelina,  a  march 
in  honour  of  the  Britifti  feamen,  a  quick 
Aep  and  a  march  in  honour  of  Admiral 
DiTNCAN.      With  the  firft  article  the 
public  are  already  acquaiated,  and  of  the 
others  we  arc  enabled  to  fpeak  in  com- 
mendatoiy  terms  ;  and  if  tne  fucceeding 
numbers  arc  compiled  with  the  fame  at- 
tention and  fkUl,  dcj  not  doubt  of  its  be- 
ing   found    an    acceptable    publication 
amongft  the  gentlemen  of  the  army. 
Twelve  Divertlfcments,  for  the  piano-forte 
and  peda!  harp,  with  an  Accompaniment 
for  two  French  horns  and  camburlnoj  ad 
//>.'.':/;»,  conipofeJ    and   dedicated   to   Mrs, 
£c£KT0N,  of  Oulton,  by  ^.  G.  Feiruri, 
JOS.  6d.     op.  xi/  Long nuu  and  Broderip. 
It  was  with  coniidcrablc  pieafurc  that 
we  pemlcil   this  elevcntli  work  of  Mr. 
Fenari.    It  •  compofed  in  a  Itylc  higb- 
iy  improving  to  the  ycunp  practitioner, 
asd  a  liri'fl  attention  has  been  bellowed 
on  tlie  joint- effcdl  of  the  principal  with 
its  accompaniments.       The   horns    are 
employed  with  great  judgment,  and  the 
introdu6lion  of  the  tamburino  is   novel 
and  rtr iking.     At  the  end  of  the  publi- 
cation  Ww    find  an    explanation   of  the 
terms  and  chara<Slv:rs  neceffary  to  be  un- 
derwood hy  the  performer  on  the  tambu- 
rino j  fuch  as  the  Jingle  travale,  the  dou» 
fU  trwvaUf  the  jiamps,  the  femi-liamps, 
the  glngle  parts,  and  the  ba/s. 
An  Overture,   for  the  piano-forte,  in  com- 
memoration of  his  majefty's  proccflion  to 
St.  Paul's,  compofed  and  infcribcd  to  his 
majcfty,  by  D.  Stelbtlt.     3s. 

Longman  and  Broderip. 
We  have  walked  over  the  ground  of 
the  late  ftiow  with  Mi-.  Stcibelt,  and  find 
that  the  compofer  has  attended  to  all  the 
minutiae  of  the  ceremony  with  all  the 
avidity  and  curioGty  of  majfily  itfeif. 
He  firll  wakes  the  king  with  "  the  crow, 
ing  of  the  cock,''  then  falutes  him  with 
* '  the  chirping  of  the  birds''  at  the  dawn- 
ing- of  the  joyful  day,  give  him  **  the 
aiTivaJ  of  the  military  in  town,*'  the 
parade  of  «*  the  French,  Dutch,  and 
Spantfh  colours,"  and  **  the  entering  St. 
Paul's."  In  thefc  and  other  particulars, 
Co  far  as  their  defcriptions  lie  within  the 
province  of  found,  tne  compofer  has  fuc- 
cceJedj  cfpecially  in  the  crowing  of  the 
cock,  and  the  chirping  of  the  birds,  the 
ioaitatiooi  of  which  arc  ilrikiugly  true, 


and  evince  aclear  and  liV.-Iy  conception. 
.The  tripJe  quavers  and  riight  of  afcer.d- 
ing  notes,  in  the  movement  given  to  the 
church  cjpremon^,  we  do  not  confider  as 
perfe^ly  appohte  to  the  occafion  j  nor 
do  we  think  the  finale  calculated  to  fup- 
port  the  dignity  of  idea  arifing  from  the 
previous  movement,  taken  from  Handel's 
celebrated  C}ororati«n  Anthem. 
No.  II.  of  Cuida  Armonica;  or,  Ah  Intro- 

duf^ibnto  the  General  Knowledge  of  f.lu- 

iic,  Theoretical  and  Pradical,  hjT.nufe. 

•41.  6d.  Longman  and  Bro^rlp. 

Of  the  £rft  number  of  this  ufeful  and 
ingenious  work  we  fpoke  in  a  former  ne- 
view,  and  find  that  the  fccond  number 
miirits  the- oontinuance  of  our  approba- 
tion. The  whole  plan  is  certainly  dif- 
tingulflied  by  its  novelty,  and  the  execu- 
tion on  the  minor  fcaiesy  the  '  karmonic 
circle^  and  the  comparative  view  of  the 
major  and  minor  mcc^s-f  the  latter  of 
which  is  placed  in  a  clearer  light  than  in 
any  former  publication  that  we  have  fccn. 
But,  although  we  agree  with  Mr»  Rclft-, 
that  thefe  fyilems  are  only  funple  deduc- 
tions from  natural  principles  otrelbnancc, 
yet  we  mull  differ  from  him  when  he 
aflerts,  that  each  cftave  cctotains  within 
itfeif  all  the  materials  tor  producing  tfie 
ftriking  and  varied  efFefts  refulting  from 
muficai  harmony.  It  is  true  that  the 
nofes  of  any  one  oftave  repreftnts  the  re- 
lative diltanccft  of  thofe  of  every  other; 
but  fince  the  oclaves  themfelves  take  dif- 
ferent ttations  in  the  great  fcale  of  found^J, 
forming,  as  it  were,  different  flories  in 
the  fame  tabric,  ftories  varying  in  their 
materials  juft  inafmuch  as  they  diflfer  Tn 
their  locality,  can  they  juftly  be  faid  to  be 
exactly  replicates  of  each  other/  Are  the 
tones  of  the  Icveral  octaves  alike  ?  Can 
the  o6lave  which  has  double  C  for  its 
lowell  note,  be  compared  in  its  materials 
with  that  which  lies  above  C  in  alt? 
The  materials  of  eadh  are  arranged  in 
the  fame  order,  but  are  thofe  materials 
the  fame  ?  Can  the  eflPefls  of  one  be  com- 
pared with  thpfe  of  the  other  ?  How  then 
can  the  manifcld"  effefls  refulting  from 
the  various  powtrs  and  qualities  of  nu- 
merous of^aves  be  produced  by  the  tones 
of  one  ?  We  know  that  thf  conunon  opi* 
nion  countenances  that  of  Mr.  Relrej 
but  n-imbers  give  no  validity  to  error^ 
and  therefore  we  do  not  fcruple  to  iniift 
that  the  diflTtjrent  octaves  have  .diftin& 
chara«51er5,  and  that  k  is  from  their  di- 
vcrfity  in  ilation  and  tone  that  the  judi- 
cious and  ingenious  mufician  derives 
half  the  powers  of  his  art.    '  " 

«i  Of 


'58 


The-  Mi>  Puhh'eathns  •  in  Fibruary. 


^t  Of  Keble  Rice  was  Shenlbeft;*^  a  cele- 
brated Welfli  Air  «ft9i  Tkmti6RS»  A>r  Hie 
harp  or  piano  forte,  cdmpofed  by  Sig. 
Metim,     IS.  Sktllem. 

To  this  ancient  Welch  air,  which 
xnaVcs  fo  confpkuons  a  figure  in  the  Beg- 
gar's Opera,  Signo^^  Molini  has  given 
iom,e  ver^ ingenious  aa4  attractive  varia- 
tions. They  ai-c  (even  in  number,  and 
fuccecd  fach  other  with  an  improving 
tSe^i  9X\d  ii^creaiing  execution.  Tbe 
original  melody,  accompanied  with  the 
word*,  is  ^iven  in  the  laft  pagie,  and, 
from  the  preient  fcarcity  of  the  old  Cam- 
brian ballads,  adds  ^q  the  value  of  the 
publipatioo* 


Overture  to  an  Ubape  ft«fA"l^nfta/  ^>et. 
formed  at  the  Theatre  Royd)  GoVent  Gar- 
den,  Gompofed  by  l^r.  Rttvi.'    W. 

Longman  and  Broderip. 
This  overture  comprifes  two  more, 
ments,  the  firft  of  which  is  in  comnwm 
time,  afkgro  con  ^trito^  and  the  fecofld 
(a  rondo)  in  two- fourths  moderato. 
The  idea  with  which  the  piece  opens  i% 
bold  and  fpirited,  and  its  chara£lcr  is  at- 
tended to  through  the  fubfequcnt  bars  of 
the  movement.  Tlie  ron4eau  commences 
with  the  oboe  folof  and  is  pleafing  in  its 
(iibjeci,  v/hich  the  4I$i^vc  {^ilag;s 
happily  relieve* 


A  CORRECT  LIST  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

The  fiHotvin^  is  offered  to  tbe  Public  as  a  complete  Lift  of  all  PMcatwns  wlrbi/i  tbe  Month, -^ 
Jhtbors  etnd  PuhliftKn^  tvbo  dtfire  a  correii  and  early  Notice  9/"  thar  ff^orks,  are  intreattd  to 
tratifmit  Copies  of  tbe  fame. 


MTSCZLtANIES. 

JiJEREIS  Britannica,    or  a  Botanical  Dc-        The  Spirit  of    the   Public  Journals    fcr 
'   frri'nrt/^n  r^f  Rrlh^/k  KA^-Tn*  PUnfc      '.n     1797,  to  be  contittucd  cmually,  confiRin^  o(  A 

choice  Selection  from  all  the  Newf papers, 
and  other  periodical  Works,  *of  the  mod  ex- 
quifite  original  Pieces  of  Wit  and  Humour, 
of  the  be  ft  Eflays,  Poems,  &c.  Sec.  one  lar|>e 
vol.  lamo.  5s.  in  bpards.       Richardfoo,  &c. 

Rcfleflions  on  the  late  Augmentation  at 
the  £nj;li{h  Peerage  j  td  wliich  are  added, 
an  Account  of  the  Peers  and  Knights  created 
in  the  reign  of  £Iiz::bcth|  3s.  6d.        Robfun. 

A  Philofophical  and  Practical  Treatife  oji 
Horfes,  by  "Jobn  Lmutckcc,  in  a  vols.  8V0.15S. 
in  boards.  Longman. 

Dodjlefs  Annual  Rcgifter,  voU  i.  for 
1758;  reprinted  and  continued  to  1790,  one 
vol.  per  month,  7s.  boards.     Otrtdge  &  Son. 

The  Student,  No.  I.  to  be  continued,  con- 
taining many  curious  ilTays  and  Notices  of 
recent  Difcavcries  and  nev  Improvements  in 
the  Arts  and  Sciences,  in  fix  parts,  iSi. 
and  2od.  printed  and  fold  at  Liverpool,  hjR. 
Fergttj'oi:  I  fold  in  London  by  Vernor  Sc  HooJ. 

1  he  Red  Bafil  Book,  or  PariA  Regifter  U 
Anvars  for  the  Maintenance  of  the  unfortu- 
natf  Offtpring  of  illicit  Amours,  with  a  far-* 
tJier  Dcvelopemcnt  of  m6ft  (l^ameful  and  un- 

l,r.^•^"Ar^;ft.    --J  D         I  •  L ;"      precedented  A6h  of  Abufe  In  the  Townoi' 

1^1  afJifn^In^KT  «•"""?' '"o^"'    Maachcfter,  part  tfce  firft,  by  Il««/t,«^, 
&c,&c  11.17s.  bds.  Eobinfom,  „„,c,»i.  &c, 

^  Defcription  and  Treatment  of  Oataneows 
Difeafes ;  Order  I.  containing  papulous  Erup- 
tions on  the  Skin,  by  Robert  f^iUgMf  M.  I>. 
F.  A.  S.  with  7  plates,  prioted  io  coloois, 
X58.  JohnfoiL. 

Annals  of  Medicine,  voL  2.  for  the  year 
1797,  exhibiting  a  coocife  View  of  the  latcft 
and  moft  important  Difcovtries  in  Medicine 
and  Medical  Philofophy,  by  Meffrs.  A  Vsr- 
canfrn,  andjun.  M.  D.  7s.  boards.  Robinfons.' 

An  Appendix  -to  the   firf^  edWott  of  the 

Bmllk,  M.  I?. 

Johflfoa. 


BOTANY. 

TEREIS  Britannica,  or  a  Bot.inicaI  Dc- 
'  fcription  of  Britlfli  Marine  Plants,  in 
Latin  and  English,  with  Drawings  from  Na- 
ture, by  y.  Staekboiife,  Efq.  F.  S.  L.  Faf- 
ciculus  Secundus,  containing  22  fpecimcns 
of  Fuel,  xas.  fid.  •  White. 

DRAMA.       * 

Knave  or  Not,  a  comedy  in  five  afts,  by 
Thomas  Ihlcroft,  28.  Robinfors. 

The  Myilerious  Marriage,  or  the  Heir/hip 
pf  Rofclvj,  4  play  in  three  afts,  by  Harriet 
tee*  23.  Robinfom. 

.  Blue  Beard,  or  Female  Curiofity ,  a  dramatic 
romance,  as  rcprcfcntcd  at  the  theatre-royal, 
Drury-laue,  by  G,  Colman^jun.  Cadcll  &  Cq. 

ZDUCATIOK. 

pelcaus  CrSKarura  Sentcntiarum,   being 

*n  introduftory  Book  to  the  Study  of  the 

Greek  Language,  defigned   for  boys  of  the 

lowcft  forms,  by  the  Rev.  S.  J.  Vriefi^  4s. 

Richardfona 

riNX  ARTS. 

The  Geotlemaa'a  and  ConnolHeur's  DiAi- 
ooary  of  Paiating,  by  the  Rev.  At  Pilking. 
(en,  CO  which  i<  added  a  Supplement,  con- 
taining A,nccdotcs  of  the  lateft  an^  moft  cele- 


lAW. 

Obfervations.  &c.  xm  an  Aft  paflTcd  in  the 
prefent  Scffion  of  Parliament,  intituled, 
**  An  Aft  for  granting  to  his  Majefty  an 
Aid  and  Contribution  for  the  Profecution  of 
?he  War  J  vtith  vaHots  praftical  Tables  and 
FoiRls;  to  which  is  added  the  Aft  at  larec. 
With  an  ladfx,  3$.-^.  • 

^  Bunney,  Thompfon,  and  Co. 

The  Law  of  Coils  in  Civil   Aftions  aod         *      *         ..  ^     ^  ^ 

eriminalfroceedings,  hyr.  ifu/lcck,  ciq.  oi    ^^An  Appendix -to  the   firft 

■'    '  '      X*  A.  dt  28.  Oa« 


Tht  Ui»  Publieatimt  in  Ffhruary, 


m 


Oratio  4»'I%eHr9  Cotle^i  Reeiilb  Medt- 
conm  i«B(iijie0fit|  ex  Hanreii  intticutOy  >l|a- 
bita  die  Qfi.  ift^  VMw  Y797i  a  Babirt9  Boyrnet 
M.  P.  3t.  6<i.  RiTingcons. 

An  Eflfay  on  the  Medicinal  Properties  of 
Faftitiou3  <Airs,  with  an  Appendix  on  the 
Nature  of  Blood,  by  'A^/im  Cavalb,  F.  R.S. 
55.  bovds.  Dilly. 

A  Lo^hire  introduftory  to  ft  Courfc  of  Po- 
pular Tnih-uAion  on  the  Conftitution  and 
Maiuscroert  of  the  Human  Body»  by  Thomas 
Beddaes,  M,  D.  is.  6d.  Johnfon. 

MXCKATfXCS. 

An  Eflayon  the  ComptratWe Advantages  of 
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The  Female  ifigis  j  or  the  Duties  of  Wo- 
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NAVAL  AND  MILITARY  ArFAZES. 

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NATURAL    HISTORY. 

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of  upwards  of  100  new,  Angular,  and  beau* 
tiful  Species,  by  B.  Donovanf  No.  I.  price 
3!.  6d.  to  be  completed  in  17  monthly  num- 
bers. White, 

NOVELS. 

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Lee  and  Hurft, 

Caroline^  by  a  Lady,  3  vols.   los.  6d. 

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POETRY. 

Thefecond  and  concluding  Part  of  the  new 
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A  Tribute  to  the  Manes  of  anibrtunve 

PoetS)  in  four  cantos  ^  with  other  poems  on 

Yariotit  Cubjecb,  by  J,  Hunter^  efq.    5s.  bds. 

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Eameft  and  ferious  Reflections  on  the  uv- 
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twro  4lt«rB»tives.  v^eh  it  «fiers, '  19. 

*•  -        ^  jkiringtODi. 


A  (hort  Addrefs  to  the  Public,  cootaiaiog 
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An  Appeal  to  the  Head  and  Heart  of  every 
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Glendinning. 

A  View  of  the  Conduct  of  the  Executive 
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relating  to  the  Difpute  with  the  French  Re- 
public, hy  James  Monroe^  late  Minifter  Ple- 
nipotentiary to  the  (aid  Republic^  as.  6d. 

Ridgway. 

THEOLOGY. 

Thanksgiving  Sbemons— one  by  the 
Rev.  C.  Htdgfmt  is.  Rlvingtons. 

By  the  Bev,  JV,  Affttttr^  is.  Ditto. 

By  the  Rev.  R.  MunUboufe,  is.  64*    Ditto. 

By  yobn  Nnotoftf  redor-  of  St.  Mary^ 
Woolnoth,  is.  Johoibn. 

A  Sermon,  preached  at  St.  Georg6*s^ 
Bloom(bury,  oa  Feb.  4,  X79&,  hy  &  Okiji, 
D.  D.  F.  R.  S.  &c.  IS.  Rivingtcms.- 

By  the  Biv,  S.  Clafbam,  M.  A.  3d.  ^  » 
Glendinning*. 

The  Sermon  preached  at  St.  PauP^  before 
h!s  M.-2Jefty,  and  both  Houfes  of  Partiamentf , 
on  Deci  i^,  I797»  by  Gegr^e,  l/)rd  Bi.fho^ 
^  LincolAi'  IS.  Cadoll  &  Davies, 


UO 


^ep9rt  cfDifiofis. 


A  Review  jDC.W.WilleTforce:^  Trtatife, 
entitlei,  a  pradicail  View  of  t^c  prevailing 
religious  Syftcrt  of  profefled  Chriftians,  Stc. 
in  Letters  to  a  Lady,  by  T  Bcijbam,  J»kofon. 

•The  Ignis  Fatuus,  or  Will  o'  the  Wifp  at 
Providence  Chapel  detected  and  expofcd,  by 

•  M-  Najh^  18. 

The  moft  important  Information  concern- 

io^  the  real  Rrftoration  of  the  Jews,  and 

.  of  all  Mankind,  is.  Griffiths. 

-  All  Evangelical  Summary  of  corroborative 

•  Teftimonles  concerning  Jefus  Chrifl  ;  to 
which  are  prefixed,  the  Prophecies  relative 
to  the.  fame  eYcnis,  by  the  Rev,  C.  Ikdjon, 
L.  L.  B.   IS.  Rivingtons, 

A  Guide  to  the  Church,  in  fevcral  Dif- 

courfes,  by  the  Rev,  ^arUs  Daulcry^  L.  L.  B. 

7S.  boards.  CadeU&  Davies. 

Third  Volume  of  Sermons,  by  D.Latmnt, 

•p.p.  7s.  Bds.  Cadell&Davies. 

TOPOGRAfHY  AND  AN'THiJUlTI JtS, 

The  Hiftory  of  Kent,  vol.  4  of  the  Svo. 
edition,  8s.  6d.  boards.  Whites. 

An  Account  of  Roman  Antiquities  difco- 
Ycred  at  Woodrhefter  in  the  tounty  of  Glou- 
ceftrr,  by  Sam.  Lyfits,  F.  R.  S.  &  A.  S.  Ten 
'C^iineas  in  boards.  Cadell  and  Davics. 


VOTAIBI8,  ^«av/lj,'*c. 
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))oards.  '  DBiy. 

til    rXENCH. 

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^m 


ACCOUNT  OF  DISEASES  IN  LONDON, 

Fnm  the  lotb  of  January  to  the  %Qtb  of  February, 


ACUTE  DISEASES. 


No.  9f  Cafes. 


pLEURITlS 
*     Peripneumony 

- 

- 

Catarrh 

- 

Inflammatory  Sore  Throat 

. 

Typhus  Mitior 

- 

Ephemera 

« 

Acute  Rheumatiffn 

. 

CHRONIC  DISEASES. 

Cough 

. 

17 

Hoarfenefs 

- 

Cou^h  and  Dyfpnara 

- 

25 

H^emoptyiis 

r 

Pulmonary  Confumption 

- 

Hydrothorax 

- 

Plcurodyae 

- 

Afcitcs        .  - 

• 

Anafarca 

- 

Cephalalgia 

- 

Opthalmia 

- 

Fli:orAlhus 

- 

Menorrhagia 

- 

Abortii^n 

- 

Amenoiihflca 

- 

Ohlorofis 

. 

Obftipatio 

- 

Mepatiti:  Chronica 

- 

Gaftrodynla          -•      ' 

- 

Dyfpepfia 

- 

Vomitus         -   ' 

. 

Entcrodynia         » 

- 

Colica 

. 

Worms 

- 

3 

Psohpfus  Aci        •,      .^       ■- 

- 

ft 

"Hernia  -  -  • 

.Hernia  S<:rotalis 

Diirrhapa         -  _  - 

Hamofihois.        -  - 

Dyfuria         -  - 

I^erus  -  •» 

iScrophuIa  -  ,   - 

Hypochondriafis  -  - 

HyiUria        ..  -  • 

Pilpitatio         -  - 

Paralyfis  -  -  .       - 

Chorea  -  - 

Vertigo 

Urticaria  -  .  - 

Herpes        •  - 

Herpes  Puftolofus 
Pfora  or  Itch 
Prurigo  ^  - 

Tinea  -  ,  ,    - 

Nephralgia 
Procidentia  Vaginae 
Chronic  Rheumutifm 

PUERPERAL  DISEASES. 
Ephemera         -  -  - 

Lochiorum  Diminutto 
Menorrhagia  Lochialis     - 
Convulfio  .  -  - 

Martodynia 
Rhagas  Papilla 

INFANTILE  DISEASES. 
Aphthae  -  -  - 

Convuliio  •" 

•    Cru(h»Laftea  n 

Ophthalmia  -         _    r 

Ophthalmia  Pi*rulenta 


t>ifeafes....PuhVu  J^trt. 


Ht 


Tbe  hie  of  -tlie  utimofphcre  having 
tnJcrgone  conliderahle  changes  during 
tlii*  fflontbt  the  nuntbcr  of  pneumonic 
difeafeshairc  been  rather  increafcd..  ^The 
prevalence  of  flight  coughs  and  colds 
has  been  very  general ;  though  the  jrium- 
bcrof  thofe  which  have  come  under*  me- 
dics! tititment  has  been  lefs  than  is 
ufualat  this  time  of  the  year. 

Sitght  rheumatic  aflfedHons  have  been 
Euraerous:  and  there  have  been  fcvci-al 
isJlances  both  of  ^cate  and  chronic  rheu- 
matifin,  accompanied  with  a  confiderable 
aggravation  of  fymptoms.  In  one  in- 
/lan«  of  the'  acute  fpecips,  which  was 
ir.trodwed  by  chilHnefs  terminating  in  a 
rigor,  a  high  degree  of  rednefs;  and  tu- 
mour appeared  in  different  joints,  accom- 
paicd  with  great  pain  and  reftleilhefs,  a 
Ic'il  tongue,  a  fxill,  hard,  and  frequent 
pulfe,  with  obftinatc  coftivenefs,  and  a 
l-opgdifpofitlon  to  prcfufe  fweating,  but 
without  any  abatement  of  the  pain  or 
Kitlellhefs.  . 

The  violent  determination  to  the  flcin 
in  thi?  diieafe,  may  generally  be  ccnfi- 
tJfffd  rather  as  fymptomatic  tlian  critical, 
ami  is  very  different  from  that  gentle 
perfpiration  through  the  whole  furface, 
wn.'ch  frequently  accompanies  a  remlf- 
fi:n  of  fymptoms. 

In  the  prefent  cafe,  after  having  pro- 
c^zd  llools,  and  reduced  the  inflamma- 
ficn,  by  the  application  of  leeches  to  the 
p^rts  affefled,  the  pulfe  alio  becoming 
l:wcr,  and  the  remiflion  of  pain  and 
^•her  fymptoms  taking  phce  under  the 
u'c  of  antimonlal  remedies  ;  we  procr-eded 
■■  a  pretty  free  ufe  of  the  Peruvian  Bark, 
:  i/.bined  with  the  Tinfture  of  Gunia- 

The  rheumatifm,  in  all  its  fpecles,  be- 
r^a  difeafe  very  liable  to  recur,  we  find 
t  neceflary  to  obviate  the  return  of  pa- 

".  fm,  by  the  early  and  free  ule  of  the 
^^u.     The    hard,    full,    and    frequent 


pulfe,  which  moft  commonlj^  occurs  m 
thp  actite  fpccies  of  this  difeafe,  may 
feem  to  indicate  the  frte  ufe  of  the  lancet  i 
but  we  have  had  frtquent  occafion  to  ob- 
fervcy  that  when  this  praftic^  has  been 
adopted,    though  a  fudden  feralflion  of 

Sain  and  mflammation  has  been  pro- 
uced,  theft  fymptoms  have  returned,  and 
the  difeafe  has  injgeneral  been  protrafted 
to  a  later  period  than  when  the  other 
means  have  been  employed. 
The  Deaths  in  the  Bills  of  Morfalitv  for 
*  the  iaft  four  weeks,  are  ftated  as  follow  : 
Abfecfs 
Abortive 

Aged  .  -  * 

Ague 
Apoplexy 
Adhma      •   - 
Bleeding  -  * 

Brain  Fever 
Oanccr 
Child-bed 
Cold 

Confumption 
Cholic       .  - 
Convuliions 
Dropf/ 

Fever  -  -  ' 

French  Pox     - 
Gout  . 

Hooping  Cough  #•    . 

Jaundice 
Inflammation 
Lunatic 
Mealies 
Mortification 
Pally 
Smalt  Pox 

Still -bora  -  -       .. 

Su'Jdcnly  -  -   - 

Teeth 
Thruflv 

Water  in  the  Head 
Jskw-l^jcked 
Liver-grown  • 

Rupture  -  • 

Sralm 
Stoppage  in  Stomach 


t 

% 

6 
It 

41 

f 
% 
6 

7 
t 

377 

X 

30X 

73 

"S 

5 

9 

2a 

.     4 
^6 

IX 

'1 

*3 

6 

2S 

3S 

9 

43 

X 

9 

X 

I 

S 

I 
-     X 


STATE    OF    PUBLIC    AFFAIRS, 
In  Felruaryy  1798.  . 


Great  Britain. 
L  T  length  the  minifter  is  driven,  like 
LX  ersry  pcrfon  in  diltrefs,  to  the  uW- 
.r  rjjktri  to  folicit  voluntary  contiibu- 
>  r*i  \  this  plan  at  fidt  proceeded  wi:h 
^::7uid  fteps,  owing,  it  was  faid,  to 
'--  tirdiners  of  a- great  perlbna£^c  in  talc- 
.;  th«  fcad;  after  a  iufpenfc  of  about 
iay»,  his  Majcfty  fjgnificd  his  plea- 
■'  r  to  fuhfcribc  the  lum  of  20,0c ol.  and 
-  donations  figwe^  in   more  rapidly  . 


from  the  direilors  aiid  proprietors  of  tlie 
bank  ftock,  the  merchantis  on  the  Ex- 
chni!^,  and  from  a  conlidcrable  number 
of  noblemen  and  gentlemen  •  The  queeu 
horicit'took  the  lc:id  of  the  female  patri- 
ots, and  prtfcnted  a  donation  of  5,000!. 
For  ihoie  who  b'>neftly  believe  that  this 
vciimtrTy  lubrciiptlon  is  calcuiated  to 
fave  the  nation,  we  have  a  great  refpefl ; 
we  admire  flic  patriotifrh  with  which 
thty  contribute,,  ind  wluh  .we  lain.  n»! 

-their 


t4A 

their  miilaken  teal,  we  heartily  applaud 
the  honefty  o£  their  intentions^  but  we 
are  inclined  to  thlnk«  that  a  £ku^  of 
meafures  is  the  only  mode  by  which  this 
coontry  can  be  (aved* 

As  events  are  noore  or  lefs  important 
and  intereftingy  according  to  the  donfe* 
qaehces  which  flow  from  them  as  caufes* 
We  deem  it  necefiary  here  to  notice  a 
meeting  which  was  held  at  the  Crown 
and  Anchor  Tavern,  on  the  z^th  of  Ja- 
imary»  by  the  numerous  friends  of  the 
Uoii.  Charles  James  Fox,  to  cele« 
brate  the  anniverfary  of  the  birth  of  that 
4ifthaffuiihed  patriot.  T^bis  company 
confi£d  of  near  ftopo  of  the  warmelt  ad* 
'vocates  of  peace  and  parliannentary  re- 
form* What  was  the  more  peculiarly 
gratifying  to  thefe  fHends  of  liberty  was 
aniMri0xr  oi  fentimet^  which  rook  place 
at  this  time,  refpefting  the  great  work  of 
leform,  between  the  -members  of  the 
Whig  Club  and  tho(b  of  a  moft  modem 
but  not  left  popular  fbciety,  which  has, 
fince  its  eftablimment,  provided  fo  much 
labour^  though  frequently  produ6live> 
for  informers  and  crown  lawyers. 

The  pvtJL  of  Norfolk  was  called  to 
the  chair  upon  this  occafion  $  among  fe- 
Yeral  patriotic  toafts,  his  grace  gave 
**  Our  fovereign's  h^Ith — £e  majefty 
of  the  people.*'  His  grace  aKb  recol- 
levied,  with  a  fcntimcnt  of  refpe^^,  the 
name  of  General  Walhingtfln,  praifed 
his  perfevei-ance  in  the  caute  of  his  coun- 
try, and  inftanced  his  example  as  a  fit 
leffbn  to  the  virtuous  few  who  are  defi- 
rous  of  prosecuting  reform  by  conftitu- 
tional  means. 

Whether  the  popular  fentiment  of  the 
««  majefty  of  the  people,**  the  union  of 
two  numerous  Ibcieties  inimical  to  the 
|>refent  minifter,  or  the  fentiment  of  re- 
l*pc6l  for  the  venerable  WaShington>  gave 
ofFencp  to  the  -cabhaet,  or  whether  the 
three  fubjeft*  conjointly  went  to  produce  ' 
that  efftfcl.  We  cannot  with  prccifion  de- 
termine. But  a  few  days  arterwards  the 
noble  duke  received  his  difmiiTal  from  the 
lard  Ucuteriancy  olF  a  county,  and  from 
the  coloncSihip  of  a  regiment  of  militia, 
dtfctplined,  ntirtured,  •aad  beloved  by 
bm.  Our  limits  do  not  admit  of  mak- 
ing even  the  moft  ncceffary  comments 
upon  Aich  Heps  of  the  pi*e4ent  adminiih-a- 
tion  s  but  we  Iiave  to  ob^-ve,  that  this 
m^raiure  was  takca  notice  of  at  a  meeting 
of  the  WhigCl\ib  held  the  6th  of  Fcbru- 
aiy,  at  the  lame  place.  Mr.  Fox,  en 
that  occasion,  icomba^ed  the  (ttppofcd 
c^g^  3gaiiaii  his  grupe  with  th.:  moll 
^im<4<«^Wfitit$.  .*<  The  fovcreljaity 
«f  Ihe  people  of   Gi^at  Brstain,  (laid 


Puhlic  AgairL...Grint  htkitint 


Mr.  Fox)  is  tbeba£«i>f  dM^^afr«/otf 
^vemment.  It  is  an  opunon',  whtch> 
if  it  be  not  true;  Kitig  Wiliiam  was  an 
ufurper :  by  what  right  did  he  come  to 
the  throne  of  thofe  realma*  if  not  by  that 
of  the  fovereignty  of  the  people.  -  It  i$ 
not  in  this  age  of^tbe  world  that  tikelior- 
rid  and  blaighemoas  tenets  of  the  vice- 
gcrency  of  God,  and  divine  right,  will 
DC  held  up  as  the  fource  of  royal  autho* 
rity.'*  Mr.  Fox  alfo  contended,  thai 
the  condufk  of  miniiiers  in  this  particu- 
lar was  encouraging  to  the  t^^vaiift  hy 
manifefting  to  them  that  fiich  are  the 
diftra£lious  of  the  country,  fo  inflamed 
and  divided  are  its  inhabitants,  tUt 
arms  canriot  \>t  truiled  in  the  hands  of 
thepremier  peer  of  the  kingdom  < 

The  Britifli  Houfe  of  Coonnoiis  met, 
purfuant  to  adjournment,  on  the  Stb  of 
February.  On  the  next  day  Mr.  Piit 
brought  up  a  meifage  from  the  king, 
ftating  that  his  majefty.  in  confideratios 
of  the  fervices  rendered  to  him  by  Ad- 
miral Lord  Duncan,  bad  granted  to  his 
lordihip  an  annuity  of  aoooL  per  annum, 
and  wiihing  to  extend  the  gr^t  beyond 
his  lord(hip*s  life  to  the  two  nextper- 
fons  to  whom  the  title  of  ViTcount  i>un- 
can  fhall  defcend,  recommended  that  the 
houfe  Would  confider  the  proper  ntethod 
of  enabling  his  Majefty  to  .make  the  faid 
grant  4  In  a  few  days  afterwards,  Mr. 
Pitt  brought  up  another  meflage  from 
his  Majefty  refpefling  the  granting  of  an 
annuity  to  Admiral  Earl  Vincent,  fome- 
what  hmilar  to  that  of  Lord  Duncan* 
The  refolutions  were  put  and  canied, 
and  the  Committee  of  Ways  and  Means 
poftponed  till  Friday* 

On  the  1 6  th  of  February  the  Houfe,  in 
a  committee  of  fupply,  voted  1900I.  for 
ordnance  work^,  and  io,5&7l.  for  the 
ufe  of  the  commi£[ioners  of  diat  depart- 
ment. 

XREtAND, 

Mr.  P  E  L  H  ;\  M,  in  the  Houfe  of  Com- 
mons, on  the  firft  of  Ft bruaryy^  expa- 
tiated on.  the  advantages  which  hatiKft- 
fuited  to  the  fervice,  and  confeqiiently  t> 
the  Community,  from  the  recent  regula- 
tions. '  He  then  proceeded  to  gi«e  the 
following  items  ot  the  public  forte,  ?Jid 
the  fums  of  the  feveral  eliimate;*  for  their 
maintenance  for  the  yeai*,  to  end  on  thff 
3othlof  Mai;ch,  1799* 
Ordinary  fbrce^  to  remain  for  the . 

4efenceot' the  c»untsFy,  efi'e^Ve 

mtn,  with  otliccT&A  r      :  .  ^M** 

AugmexiUuon,.  reiUe;cd  necefiary 

by    the    c^cvmftuou;&.  .of   thfi  ^*  „      . 
^country,  •      .;  . .  :..<i  3.i  u.W 

MiUt»^^    i     ,,       ^  ^,    Ui/^?^ 


J^uilic  ilffairt,,:Srancti 


k43 


To  ^rfe  sJbroAi  frott  .the  Inih 

cftiUtihiIMftt  ■  «  -  3)254 

TJk  iii2a$  of  tlie  tftiaates  were  neai  ly  as 

Foe  tlie  ibmiing  force  of  12,000      ^. 

meo  .  .  5SM38 

Augmeautioii  •  »         5SP>946 

Troops  on  foreign  fervice  xoi, 570 

For  charges  of  cavalry  on  Publin 

duty  -  -  -  8^000 

Foraije  -.  -  -  ,37,545 

Yeomanfy  corps        -  -  294,100 

Cmnmiflariate  -  -  80,066 

But  %xA  forage  for  ftaff  and  medi- 
cal dcpartmeot  .  -  31,000 
Thefe,  among  fome  other  items  of  lefs 
import,  being  agreed  to,  Capt.  Paken- 
hara  moved  tor  the  ordnance  eftimatc 
444,9621. — Agreed. 

On  the  Sth  of  February,  the  Chancel- 
lor of  the  Exchequer  rofe,  and  after  fome 
preface,  ftated,  that  the  amount  of  the 
fupply  voted  by  the  Houfe,  being  the 
amount  of  the  cttlmates  for  the  cxpcnces 
oftheenfuin^  year,  was  4,194,000].  Up- 
on a  comparifon  of  this  eftimate  with  that 
of  the  haft  year,  it  woul J,  he  faid,  appear 
to  be  lefs  by  432,000!.  but  he  account- 
ed for  this  appeai-ance,  and  amoved  that 
the  public  expences.  would  be  found  to  ex- 
ctcd  thofc  of  the  former  year  by  400,000!. 
and  thisexcefs  arofe\urtly  from  the  en- 
creafcd  pay  and  additional  force  of  the 
country.  Tlie  fum  which  remained  to 
be  provided  tor  the  current  expences  of 
the  year  was  2,200,000!.  at  an  intereft 
of  10  per  cent,  for  he  would  not  confine 
his  eftimatc  to  a  lefs  intereft,  Icaft,  at  the 
prefent  ftatc  of  money,  be  (hould  not  be 
able  to  obtain  it  at  lefs.    * 

The  new  taxes  he  propo(ed  were,  as 
follow:  the  prtffent  tax  on  carriages  of 
(sx  guineas  to  be  doubled,  which  would 
produce  36,000!.  A  tax  of  one  guinea 
on  maid  fcrvants,  heeftimated  at  2o,oool. 
Sixpence  a  gallon  on  home  made  fpiritsi 
of  which  the  number  of  gallons  diftilled 
the  laft  year  was  3,700,000,  duty 
9+><wo!?«  A  fimilar  addition  on  foreign 
fpiriis  imporfed,  20,oool.  Sixperxe  per  - 
jwund  on  tobacco,  66,6661.  Lottery 
a5>»»»l.  Duty  on  home  made  paper, 
iSjOooU  Duty  on  iron,  iis.  4d.  per 
ton,  5,6^1.  Licence  on  Breweriet,  of 
lol.  each,  io,oobl.  Additional  duty  on 
newfpapers,  loool.  Live  cattle  exported 
at  threepence  per  head,  8,4000!.  By  a 
new  rpgulation  in  franking  letters, 
30,0001.  He  alfo  propofed  an  additional 
hnrtb  tax.  He  moved  for  one  or  more 
Imteries,  tjndcr  the  ufnal  regulations, 
which  was  agreed  to,  Progrefs  was  or- 
dered to  be  reported. 
MOKTH.  Hag,  No.XXVJII. 


PltAMCfi-. 

From  the  tranfa^ons  wbich  took 
place  fome  iince  in  Italy,  tnd  trom  thoie 
of  a  more  fecent  date  in  tlw  Batavian 
Republic,  and  in  Switzerland,  it  appears 
doabtlefii,  that  there  is  a  revolutionary 
fpirit  undermining  the  foundation,  of  the 
ancient  governments  of  Europe.  Whe- 
ther this  fpirit  of  innovation  arifes  from 
thofe  views  of  ambition  and  plunder 
which  the  enemies  of  the  French  Repub- 
licans have  fo  <^ten  charged  them  with, 
or  from  a  revolution  which  is  making  a 
rapid  progrefs  in  the  human  mind,  in- 
dependent of  external  coercion,  is  a  quef- 
tion  which  we  are  unable  to  decide  with 
precifion  j  but  a  ftiort  time  will  probably 
render  it  ealy  of  folution,  or  no  longer 
problematical. 

The  French  repnblic  ftill  continues  ti» 
excite  the  hati*ed  of  its  fubje^s  againft 
the  Briti/h  government  5  the  central  ad- 
miniftration  of  the  department  of  the 
Seine  ilTued  a  proclamation,  in  the  beeiiip. 
ning  of  February,  addreHTed  to  the  iiuia.. 
bitants  of  that  department,  refpe£ling  the 
intended  invafion  of  EnglancH  **  The 
Engliih  govcmment  (fays  this  addrefs) 
caraiot  fSbfift  with  the  French  republic  5 
there  cannot  fubfift  an  alliance  between 
ignominy  and  glory,  between  wickedncls 
and  viitue.'*  And  in  another  place, 
"  By  fwearing  hatred  to  royalty,  we 
liave  fworn  dcftru^lion  to  tTie  Englifh 
government }  by  fwearing  hatred  airainil 
anarchy,  we  liave  fwoin  dcftiuclion  to  the 
Engli/h  government." 

But  the  governors  of  the  ^'eal  nation^ 
notwithftandiijg  the  hatred  they  have  ex- 
hibited againlf  royalty,  have  not  yet,  it 
appears,  united  their  own  fubjefts  in  a 
general  amity. to  their  own  meafures.  By 
an  arret  of  the  Dire6lory  of  the  ad  of 
February,  the  city  of  Lyons  and  its 
three  fuburbs  were  put  in  a  ftate  of  iiege. 
The  chief  motives  aifigned  for  this  mea- 
fure  were,  tlie  difloyal  fpirit  which  pre- 
vailed there,  from  the  mfluence  of  the 
companies  of  Jefus  knd  of  the  fun — of 
the  aflaffins  of  the  fouth-:— of  emigrants, 
&c.  and  the  triAing  fenfation  produced 
there  by  the  immortal  tranfa£lions  of  the 
4(h  of  September  laft,  iince  which  day, 
new  commotions  have  been  excited  there, 
by  bands  of  oountcr-revolutionary  nif* 
fi^ns.  On  -this  occafion,  thir  Dire^lory 
ordered,  thkt  the  minifterat  ^mx ihould 
fend  there  the  ndmber  df -traops  JteCef- 
fery,  both  of  infantry  aad'Cavtury. 

On'the  6Cft  of  February,  a  motion  ^p^t 
made,  bji**  GmLXEM^AitorET  fan  t^r 
councir  of  five  hundred*  ■  for  «tf  jing  the 


m 


PiUic  Affairs. ...^ittcrland. 


modc'of  drawing  for  a  flipceflbr  tp'th^ 
mem1>^f  df  thr  dire^rjr,  who  goes  out 
z^^\j.  The  ncipination  of  t!tc  luc- 
rfe»!ing  member,  a«  the  law  now  (lands, 
is  vfftcd  Wf 'the  le^iflatjve  body,  which 
comTncnces'  it«  fittirrg'rfftcr  the  new  third 
arr*  chofen^  but  GmL'tEMARDET  pro- 
pofed  thnt  it  ih^ld  be  ▼cfted,  in  ftiture, 
jn  the  legiflatlve  body,  betbre  that  third 
h  changtd.    '  .^ 

General  AnCereau  wrote  a  letter  to 
the  Dirt'^Vory,  dated  Head  Quarters  at 
Srraftnrgh,  3d  February,  wherein  he  ac- 
knowledged the  re<;eipt  of  the  arretc 
vAi\t\i  fnpprefles  the  anny  of  the  Rhine, 
and  ncqn  tinted  the  Dire^ory  that  he  in- 
tended to  fet  out  for  his  new  deft i nation 
on  the  5th.  "  Thi«i  new  pledge  of  confi- 
dence,'' he  fays,  **  refuttrs  in  a  minticr 
extrtrn^ly  flartt-ring  to  me,  the  abfurJ 
calnmnits  which  the  cnnnies  of  the  Re- 
public have  fpn  ad  at  jjarls  on  mv  ac- 
count. I  requeft  you.  Citizen  DireAors, 
to  reft  aflured,  that  I  fliall  ever  con fp ire 
with  you  againft  our  common  enemies ; 
we  have  no  other  but  thofe  who  hate  the 
Republic  and  the  conftitutional  govern- 
pjeht/* 

In  the  fitting  of  the  Council  of  Five 
Hiindi-ed,'on  the  aSth  of  Jan.  Coupe, 
a  member  for  the  coafts  of  the  north,  read 
a  letter  from  Thomas  Paink,  purport- 
injg;,  that  though  it  was  not  convenient 
for  him,  in  the  prefent  fituation  of  his 
affah-s,  to  fubfcnbe  to  the  loan  towards 
the  defcent  upon  England,  his  economy 
permitted  him  to  make  the  fmall  patriot  Tc 
dbnitlon  of  one  hundred  liyres,  and  with 
It  at!  the  wilhes  pf  his  heart  for  the  (^^c- 
ctft  of  the?  defcent,  and  a  voluntary  offt  r 
of  any  fervice  he  could  render  to  promote 
It.  He  ftated  it,  as  Ins  opinion,  that 
there* would  bp  no  laiting  peace  for  Eu- 
rope, nor  for  the  world,  until  the  tyranny 
and  corruption  of  the  Englifli  government 
be  aboliftied,  and  Enghhd,  like  Italy, 
become  a  fitter  Republic. 

On  the  19th  of  January,  the  Executive 
decreed  as  follow : 

.  1.  That  the  army  nfthe  Rhine  be  fuprcflcd 
anJ  the  Etat  Major  (liiTolved. 

«.  Tjwt  the  fifth  militAry  divifion,  com- 
jftehend'cd  in  the  circle  of  the  faid  army,  fliall' 
M!  conimanded  by  General  of  DWifion  Biu- 
ifftTiAV  Sainti  SvcAirNB. 

9.  Th^fortof^KrcUAuiU  form  pait  of  this 
divllitfii.  rnie  prttent  4lecfeefliaU  not  ht 
printed.  .  Tlie  miaiftcr  oi  w«  i*  entcuftcd 
With  it9  ncoctttion* 

ll«.QieQf ral  An  s f  ^  s>  v  is.  appgiitfed  ^om? 
Ifi^udantof  th«  tcoih  miliury  diviuon. 
.  5! .  He  OkiU  repair  wuhojit  dflaij^f  t«  Per-. 
I^tiaji  in  order 'to  uke  ch€.coinjjui9i^.'Qf,iHs[ 


divilion.'    He  fhall  receive ')intiCQl|qr1^Af 
tions  to  this  effeft.    '  "  :  u 

This  inftniflion  refers  to. ^Iii^ef  mtfv 
fion  with  whi^h  p^nrral  Ako^RSAU  ^ 
intruftcd  5  its  importance  may  be  coUe^td 
from  the  following  phrafc,  witK  which  it 
concludes :  "  T&  Executive  Pirtftory 
relies  with  full  confidence  ep  the  refultof 
the  operations  of  General  Anger  ^AV,ia, 
his  new  and  important  mifliou*  When 
men  have  ferved  the  Republic  with  that 
glory  and  fuccefs  which  he  has  hitherto 
reaped,  they  rauft  daily  acquire  pew  titles 
to  the  gratitude  of  the  nation," 

On  the  5th  of  F<^bruary,  the  central 
adminiftration  of  the  Department  of  the 
Seine,  at  Paris,  publiflied  on  tbc  3d  of 
February,  wi^h  tne  grealell  foleinoity,  in 
all  the  ftrcets  of  tne  commune,  the  pro- 
clamation refjTcftir.g  the  loan  of  80  ralU 
lions,  for  the  Expjaificff  again/!  Englutul, 
The  members  of  the  drpartment,  with 
thofe  of  the  different  municipalities,  jufr 
tiers  of  the  peace,  &c.  clad  in  tri-ccloure4 
robes,  formed  a  numerous  and  augui^ 
proctHion.  A  black  iUadaid,  of  immenic 
lize,  borne  by  the  mariners  drefTe4  lA 
black,  prcfcnted  this  infcripticn  in  black 
letters,  "  Pcfccnt  upon  England,'* 

8WIT7.EIILAND. 

Thofe  modern  principles  of  govern- 
ment, whifh  the  crownrd  heads  of 
Europe  united  their  forces  to  dcflrby, 
have  at  length  reached  the  mountains  of 
ancient  Hilvttla^  When  the  Duke  of 
Savov,  by  the  treaty  of  1 564^  renounce4 
his  cbims  on  the  Pays  dc  Vaud  he  ftipu- 
lated  that*  the  ;;ncicnt  conftitution  of  th^^ 
country  fliouW  be  pi-cfervcd»  The  French 
Covemment  guaranteed  the  proviiions  ot 
that  treaty  by  anothor  in  1565.  The 
ariftocratical  Canton  of  Berne  and  Fri- 
bpur^  haye  conftantjy  violated  the  focial 
compafl  between  them  and  the  inhabit 
taints  of  the  Pays  de  Vaud,  without  at- 
tending to  the  remojjftran^cs  %nd  com- 
plaints of  the  oppreAed.  Tht;  partizsui^ 
of  liberty  in  the  Pays  de  Vaud,  having 
lately  renewed  thole  rtmoftftrances  and 
complaints,  thofe  periodical  prints,  whofc 
pn^aice  is  to  cah  an  odium  upon  the 
French  Republic,  have  ftated,  that  the. 
Pays  de  VauJ  was  to  be  feized  upon  and 
joined  to  France,  fhe  Frenph  Direftory 
haftened  to  refute  this  perfidious  ftate- 
ment,  arid  has  ijnce  ofdercd  it  to  be  inti- 
mated to  the  Canton?  of  Berne  and  Fri- 
bourgi  that  the  members  of  govenvvcnt 
ftiouid  be  perlbnally  anfwcrable  for 'the 
fafety  and.  property  of  tjiofe  inh^ita^tt 
of  the  P'ays  de  Vaud,  who  Jlhoi^d  wAif^i^, 
it  for  thfi'^u^feoflbelji^^rcj^i^fidja. 


;.  .P«iZcV  Affairs....HQUand»z 


tbtiy  |Bpigi^,«I?^».  This officialinti- 
macion  produced,  on  the{>art  of  the  two 
C«fltoQ%  t)^e  leyy  of  the  militia  deftined 
w  toaiA'''3(«mft  the  French  troops  j 
ffic  arrtft  pF  the  Deputies  fent  by  the 
Ccimriiune||  who  retufcd  to  take  up 
irm$  againU  France;  the  enllfting  of 
French  emigrants,,  and  crimping  of  Re- 
publican d'eS:rten»|  to  employ  them  againft 
the  jRepublic^ 

In  conmuence  of  thefe  hoftile  pAea- 
fwc.  General'  Massena  wa*  ordered  by 
thie  Executive  Dire£lory  to  march  the 
divifion  of  tbef  army  of  Italy,  which  was 
returning  to  France  towards  Carouge,  to 
obfcnre  The  movements  of  the  troops  of 
Bemi  aiid  Friboiu*g,  and  to  repel  them  in 
cafe  of  attack* 

According  to  a  meflage  which  the  Di- 
rrflory  Tent  to  the  Council  of  Five  tiun-, 
dred,  on  the  5th  of  February,  the  Go- 
vernment of  Berne  a£lually  put  in  motion 
a^inft  the  Pays  de  Vand,  14  battalions 
or  foot  and  feme  artillery,  under  the  or- 
ders of  General  Weiss.  General  Me- 
kard;  who,  in  the  abfenceof  General 
Massena,  commanded  the  above  4ivi- 
iion  of  the  army  of  Italy,  fummoned  Oe- 
nl  Weiss  to  retreat  with  his  troops, 
threatening  him,  at  the  fame  time,  to  re- 
pel force  by  force,  in  cafe  he  ihould  diftm*b 
the  inhabitants  of  the  Pays  de  Vaud  in 
the  free  enjoyments  of  their  rights.  Citi- 
zen AuTiES.,  who  was  chai'ged  with 
canying  this  fummons  to  Yverdun,  the 
hnd- quarters  of  Weiss,  was  attacked 
at  the  entrance^of  the  village  of  Thierns, 
by  a  detachment  of  the  troops  of  Berne, 
who  killed  two  hulTars  of  his  efcort. 
On  his  retuiTi  to  Moudon,  AuTiER 
checked  the  indignation  of  the  militia  of 
the  country,  who  defired  to  avenge  this 
murder.  When  General  Men  a  RO  was 
informed  of  this  outrage,  he  maiched  into 
the  Pays  de  Vaud,  having  previoufly  ad- 
duflfed  a  proclamation  to  the  inhabitants 
to  acquaint  them  with  the  obje£l  of  his 
mnrch.  The  Berne  and  Friboiirg  troops 
emcuftted  it,  ^tX  vitxt  purfued  by  the 
miKtia  of  tlic'Pays  d^Vaud,  while  the 
rrerich  troops  remained  in  the  country. 
"  Such,'*  (ay  the  Dirc6tory,  "  wa;.  the 
ftjtt  of  affaii-s  in  Switzerhind  on  the  de- 
parture of  the  laft  dil'patche*  from  thence. 
But  fince  that  time,  event:*  are  .rej»orted 
Or  have  taken  j^^latej.  which  arc  likely  to 
fup^rfcdc  the  nccdfity  of  ufiing  hofUlc. 
mnibits  agahjllthc  gaTcmncnt  of  Berne 
atlFrib<iu«g.""    '  ' 

;   ;'      •   HotLANfif.     •  '    *     . 

Achddge  of  lyfteip  hr^  ktely  izi^j^ 
!»!att?-*Sj^fte-Bira,VAi*l.iRcf>uti:c  j  tlivro 
bd  iijf6i*t'dme  'litieV  ';ai  aiiiKitiiiliial 


^s 


arty  in  the.  Aflembly^*  who  exerted  tliem.> 

rives  to  throw  obitacies  am)  delay  upon 
almoft  every  mealure  which  came  betbre 
them.  Thefe  principles  and  deiigns  ap- 
peared more  glaring  in  the  fitting  of  the 
>9th  of  January,  when  the  patriotic  party 
moved  for  celebrating  the  21  ft,  as  the 
anptverfary  of  the  death  of  Louis  XVll 
by  an  bath  of  hatred  to  the  Stadthcdderate 
and  Defpotifm.  A  new  prefidcnt  was 
chufcnirom  the.  patriotic  fide  of  the  Af- 
fenibly,  and  a  reiblution,  after  much  de-^ 
bate,  was  palled,  to  convoke  immediately 
the  Members  of  the  Conftitutional  Com^. 
mittee.  The  Committee  beine  arrived, 
the  Aflemblv  fpeedlly  decreed  by  the  no- 
minal appeal  of  the  majority  01  voices^ 
that  the  principles  propofed  by  the  Con- 
ilituent  Conomittee  Should  be  adopted  ik 
iotOf  and  not  article  by  article,  as  the 
Federalifts  propofed,  in  ord^  to  delay  • 
the  bufinefs  $  alter  which,  the  Affianbly 
decreed,  that  the  principles  in-queilioa 
ihould  ferve  as  the  balls  of  the  Conftitu*. 
tion. 

In  the  night,  between  the  2xft  and 
22d,  the  Batavian  garrifon  and  the  Hntl^ 
onal  Guard  were  ordered  under  arms  by 
the  Prefident' Mid Dfi RICH,  with  great 
firmnefs  and  prefence  of  mind.  The 
Fi-ench  troops  remained  in  their  quarters^ 
and  did  not  appear, .  Thus  the  enemies 
of  this  revolution  cannot  fay  that  it  was 
brought  about  by  the  arms  of  France* 
An  extraordinary  meeting  of  the  members 
of  the  AiTembly  was  fummoned  by  the. 
Preiident,  to  take  place  at  the  National 
Hotel*  Themember^of  the  committee 
for  foreign  affairs,  with  their  fecrctaiy*, 
were  put  under  aaeft  at  their  own  houies 
at  an  early  hour. 

The  Republican  members  of  the  Na^ U 
onal  Afl'embly,  to  the  number  of .  iixty^ . 
met  in  the  Hotel  de  Haarlem^  and  pro- 
ceeded to  the  National  Hotel.  A  com- 
pany of  grenadiers  of  the  National  Guard 
commenced  the  procefTionj  the  othtr 
members  of  the  Aikrably  joined  them  foon 
afterwards,  amidll  the  acclamations  of  th^ 
people  ;  twenty-two  of  them  were  put  un- 
der arreft  as  they  arrived .  At  eight  o'clock 
the  aftcmbiy  refolved  itfclf  into  a  fecrec 
committee,  in  which  the  pi^rd^ent  made  %, 
re])qit  of  the  ftrong  meatures  vyy;iich  had, 
b^n  taken,  aiWdging  the*i2i'et)r  pf  the 
liepublk.  tor  a  Jultifioaiion.  jof  them. 
Thde  nutafucesy  ci^oraus- as  they  weref 
Aceittdd:  the  ^^ion  of  a  great  majority, 
ot  the  aifetTibly,  after  fomi;  d6bate«  v 

>'X  he  pt^Sddnt  then  in^'rte<i  all  the  ftniB« 

bcrs  to  VHr^v  with*  htm  rheir  jpolHkftI* 
pi virc(!ion'«.f  faith,  A^id  fo  Iwrak*  loUmtrty 

tlie|i  'kyttiti  tu  the  Mk jtholdaitc  ii^l  f(i' 


146  :FuhIic  Affairs.— P9rtugalL.jSpah.i..Jmeriea.'^PubliC  Funds. 


tyranny*  All  the 'members,  except  ten, 
accepted  the  oath.  The  preitdent  ordered 
thecn»  in  the  ntime  of  the  patirian  people, 
toieave  the  afll-mbly.  At  eleven  o'clock 
the  fitting  becanie  public,  and  fume  mem- 
bers, who  had  not  lien  in  the  fecret  com- 
mittee, made  the  new  declaration. 

This  rtvoJution  of  the  aid  of  Jantnuy, 
ha<  given  bi|th  to  a  new  form  ot  govern* 
mcnt  in  the  Batavian  Kepublic.  An  Ex- 
ecutive Oireftory  is  fonned,  confifting  of 
fix-perfona  who  took  the  oaith  prefcribed 
for  that  purpofe  on  the  16th  ot  the  iame 
month ,  The  preiident  is  CitizenW  r  e  E  D  e  . 
Sr^  nanifterB  have  alfo  been  appointed. 
The  command  of  ail  the  troops  in  the 
Repnbiic  is,  it  appears,  10  be  given  to 
General  Joubert.  In  the  fitting  of  the 
2  ^d^  twenty-three  members  of  the  aflem- 
bly  declaimed  their  intention  of  withdraw, 
in^from  if,  in  coniequcnce  of  the  decree 
or-thc  preceding  day.  The  abfe&t,  or 
ixck  members  of  the  aflemhly,  are  re<)Uired 
to  make  a  declaration  withm  eight  days, 
exprefliive  of  their  adherence  to  the  mea- 
furfcof  tke%2d.  Offthei^th,  the  inter* 
mediary  adrainiftration  of' the  late  pro- 
viiKe  of  Holland,  gave  in  the  refignation 
of  their  authority,  and  a  declai*ation  of 
adherence  to  the  decr&es  of  the  a^Tembly 
made  on  the  iid,  for  the  fafety  of  the 
country.  The  principal  towns  in  the 
Kepublic  have  congratultiled  the  affembly 
on  the  meaiujxs  which  have  recently  been 
adopted. 

PORTUGAL.-    . 

By  the  laft  intelligence  from  LiAxMi,  it 
ap|»ears  that  tlw  E^^icutive  Dircilory  of 
Fruncc  has  made  a  tomnl  demnnd  of' the 
court  of  Spain,  for  permifiion  to  march 
53,000  troops  through  that  country  for  the 
attack  on  Portiijga^  which  demand  the 
we^  CRbznet  of^  Madrid  has  complied 
with. 

The  court  of  Lisbon  has  made  a  formal 
coniplalnt  to  all  tho  foreign  miaifters  re- 
iidifig  there,  of  the  indignity  offered  to 
its  j^entpotemiary,  M.  Aranyo,  who 
is  ftill  in  prifon  at  Paris.  But,  alas! 
what  can  fuch  complaints  avail  in  the 
prefent  poftiu^  of  affairs,  when  moft  of 
the  Sovereigns  of  Europe  are  cringing  to 
th: Jlepubilcans  of  Fi-aijce. 

The  Diie^ton/  ailed ge  in  juftification 
of  thdr  conduct,  and  in  it  ply  to  the  Por- 
t^  gweze,.  that  after  the  rupture  of  the 
peace,  M.  Aranyo  rtccivedan  order 
to  quitthe^tci^iiary  of  the  Republic,  and 
that  he  is  tte-ctore  at  prditnt  to  be  con- 
iidered  in  no  other  light  than  *i  hidivi- 
duai,~attd  not  in  any  public  capacity. 

S^PAIN. 

ThcSpwifti'Monarcb,  who,  in  1792, 
dared  the  iniant  Kepublic  of  France  to 


hurt  a  hair  of  the  head-of  tlie  infortonil^ 
Louis,  then  confined- 3Js«  prilbner  by  his 
own  fubjeilU,  has  lately  acqnielced  ^  an 
impericns  reqneft  of  the  Fi^ch'lKxec- 
tory;  he  has  given  permiflian'forjO|Ooo 
of  their  military  to  inarch  thiougl^  a* put 
of  his  territory>.  to  attack  Porti^aL 

The  new  principles  of  politics  and  phi- 
lo{bpby»  an:  making  hafty  Abides  thnugh 
the  bpaniih  nation,  and  its  treaty  of  al. 
iiance  with  the  Republic  of  Fraace  (ccais 
rather  calculated  to  undennine  the  throne 
by  gentle  gradations,  and  thereby  to 
raider  its  overthrow  the  more  certain, 
than  to  fecnre  the  ancient  form  of  govern- 
ment. 

AMERICA. 

It  may  be  recollefled,  that  iome  tine 
ago,  confiderable  commotion  had  been 
excited  in  Amehcay  in  confe<|uence  of  the 
difcoveryof  a  plan  contemplated  in  that 
conntry,  to  apply  to  the  government  of 
England  to  take  pofleflion  of  the  territory 
of  -bpain  on  the  Weft  Bank  of  the  Mif- 
iiiTippi,  to  prevent  the  ceiBon  of  it  to 
France.  Governor  Blount  vras  one  of 
tho  pei'fons  concerned  in  the  contemplated 
plan,  who  was  expelled  the  fenate  with 
violence,  and  not  allowed  an  hearing.  la 
the  fubfequent  progrefs  of  this  buhnels, 
.perfons  and  papers  have  been  feized  by 
general  warrants,  without  an  oath  of  ac- 
cuiation,  and  tlie  laws  and  conftitution 
of  the  United  States  are  faid  to  have 
been  violated  in  an  unexampled  tnanner. 
It  is  faid,  by  fume,  that  tlie  caufe  of 
thefe  violent  proceedings  is  Q»ving  to  the 
influence  of  the  Spaniih  miniftcr  at  Phi- 
ladelphia, who  allow*  i'ome  merchants  to 
cmy  on  an  illicit  trade  to  the  Havannah 
upon  i'pecial  paTnits,  in  which  membcis 
of  the  Congrcis  are  commonly  iccretly 
concerned. 


PUBLIC  FUNDS. 
Stock-Exchange^  Feb,  26,  179^ 
Stoclu  have  experieoced  a  fnnll  rife  fiace 
our  Uft,  owing  to  the  poftponemeoc  of  the 
loan,  an<i  the  hopes  which  tte  entertaiiied 
concerning  the  faccels  of  the  ▼olunClry  con- 
tributions* 

Bank  Stock,  on  the  s 5th  Uft  month, 
was  at  119 J  5  roic  on  the  8th  ult.  to  132; 
and  is  at  chae  price  this  day. 

5  PEE  CENT.  ANN.    on   the   i6ch   Utl 
month,  were  69}  ^   rofcon  the  8th  olt.  to 
7c^  \  .an4.  are  this  day  at  7  if. 
4  PER  CENT.  ANN.  wefc  on  i6tfa  hft 
,  month  \:  $9f;  xoiiL  on  the  Sth  ult.  to  6lii 
and.^;e  fhis  dajMt  6c^  -      * 

3  PER  CENT.  CONS,  wcrc  OH  a6th  Jm. 
.  at  4$.:.  ^afcpaxhc-Sch  u)t.  40^4^1  ^a&dr  aac  . 
.this  2^th  day  of  Feb.  ni  4^^. 
lottery  Tickets,  ul.  li. 


JUarrtages  and  Diaths  in  and  near  London* 


Uartu^.J  At  St.  MartU*s>  IromBoogcr* 
hoc',  Mi^.  ltbdgk.inron|  of  ^ew  PQiid*iVreet» 
toMiis  Kenworth  y,  of  IronmpDser-laiic. 

At  S/kfnej  church,  Mr.  John  Cook9»  of 
Filtaty^tnttf  to  Mifs  Blakey,  of  Mile 
£ad.  .  . 

Mr.  Joho  Hardiogy  of  St.  Jamet*s-ftieety 
to  Mifs  L.  Palmer,  of  the  fame  pUce. 

At  Wmfiead  church,  F.  H.  dti  BaiUlay^ 
ef^.  of  toodon,  to  Mifs  Elizabeth  Paris,  of 
the  fonser  place, 

Mr.  Gerard  HuUman,  of  Great  St..  Tho* 
Buu  Apoftle,.  to  Mifs.  Aha  CharleiTon,  of 
Crutched  Priars. 

Mr.  Thomas  Etc,  of  Artillery-lane,  Bi- 
Aopfgate-ftreet,  to  Mfs.  Keath,  of  the  fame 
place. 

At  Keniington,  James  Trebeck,  efq<  to 
Mi^.  Bood^  widow  of  the  late  George 
Bood^  efq. 

At  iSt.  Martin'i  in  the  Fields,  Mr.  Hol- 
niap,  of  Coveat  Garden  theasre,  "to  Mifs 
Hamilton,  daughter  of  the  hoo.  and  rcr. 
Frederick  Hamilton,  of  Richmond,  Surrey. 

P.  W.  Mayo,'  M,  D.  of  Conduit-ftreet, 
Habovcr-fquare,  to  Mifs  Buckle,  daughter 
of  the  late  rev.  S.  Buckle,  of  Swannington, 
Norfolk. 

The  rev.  Richard  Roberts,  high  mafter  of 
St.  Paul'k  fchool,  to  Mifs  Ward,  of  Baker- 
ftieet,  Portman-fquare. 

William  Stanton,  efq.  to  Mifs  Standert, 
daujshter  of  Oihome  Sundart,  efq.  of  Great 
jAQes-ftrcety   Bedford-row. 

At  St.  Margaret*!,  Weftminfter,  the  rev. 
He'nry  Wife,  redor  of  Charlwood,  Surrey, 
to  Mifs  Porter,  daughter  of  the  late  iir  Sta- 
nier  Porter,  of  Keniington  palace. 

At  Iflington,  John  Byron,  efq.  of  Great 
Suney-ftreet,  Blackfriars,  to  Mrs,  Elizabeth 
Ort'on. 

Captaifl  Yon^e,  of  the  6Qt^  regiment,,  to 
Mi^  Pirner,  eleft  daughter  of  William  Pir- 
ner^  efq.  of  Arlingtoo-llreet. 

At  St.  George's  church,  -  Hanover-fquare, 
Gcrgc  Medley,  efq.  of  Upper  Grofvenor- 
place,  aged  60,  to  Mifs  Lockhart,  aged  2a, 
«rgjni/l  of  the  Magdalen,  and  xliu^hter  of 
the  celebrated  organiii  of  Lambeth  church. 
Lock  chapel,  and  Qraoge-ftreet  ch3p<;l. 

At  St.  Martinis  church,  Stewart  Major- 
ribanks,  efq.  to  Mifs  Paxton,  daughur  of 
Archibald  Paxton,  efq.  of  Buckingham-ftreet. 

Mr.  WiUiani  Sm;irt,  of  Bridewell  Hofpl- 
tatr  to  Mift  Wake,  cldeft  daughter  of  the 
late  Mr.  'William  Wake,  of  Primrofe-ftreet. 

At  Broroptos,  Captain  Mofs,  of  thq  Eait 
Kent  miUtia,  lo  Mifs  Catharine  Lind«ndge, 
only  daughter  of  Mr.  John  Lindcridgc,  of 
Broinpton. 

At  Hendon,  Mr.  John  A^il ward,  of  Brom- 
ley, Bow,  to  Mifs  Lisanor  fioad,  ot'  the 
forraer.pLice. 

At  lihngtoiz,  .Mr.  J.  C.  Skurray^  w  Mi^ 
Pownall. 


At  St.  George*s,  Hanover-£|«arei  Saittud  * 
Phelps,,  efq.   of  Gfofvenor-place,  to    MU^ 

Tyndale,  only  daughter  of  the  late  Thomas  "" 
Tyndale,  efq.  of  NorUi  Cerney,  Gloucefterw 
fliirc. 

Mr.  Cancelior,  of  Bedfbrd-ftfoet,  Bedford 
Squftiis,  tb  Mifs  Hall,  of  Charlotte  Street.' 
At  Hamolerfmith,    Elijah  Impey,    efq. 
nephew  of  Sir  Elijah  Impey,  to  Mifs  Bon-  . 
ham,  daughier  of  Francis  BoAfaam,  efq;.  o#  * 
Hammerfmlth.  ^ 

At  St.  Duncan's  Eaft,  Mr.  BIydefteHi,  of  ' 
Harp  Lane,  Tower^bect,  brandy  tnerchao^^ 
toMrs.Tebb.  *  ^ 

At  Mary-le^Bone  charch,  Capt.  Froft  td 
Mrs.  Geale. 

At  Panctas,  Thomas  William  Kemr»' 
efq.  of  the  Hon.  Eaft  India  Compaqy^s  fec« 
vice,  to  Mifs  Criiwford. 

Died  J]     In  Park  Lane,  aged  So,  the  Right  ' 
Honourable  Jofeph  Darner,  Earl  of  Dorchef-   . 
ter^.  Vifcount- Melton,  and  a  Privy  Counfel- 
lor  of  Ireland.  ' 

Suddenly,  Mrs^^Ralnsford,.  wife  of  Gene* 
ral  Rainsford,  of  Soho-fquare. 
.     After  a  few  hours  illhefs,  Dr.-Meyedbach^ 
the  famous  w^ter  do6fcor. 

In  Robert  Street,-  Bedford  Row,    Mrs;  - 
Robins. 

At  her  houfe,  St.  George*s  Fields,  fud- . 
denly,  Mrs.  Prefsland. 

Mrs..  Coombe,  wife  of  George  Coombe^. 
efq.  chief  clerk  of  the  Admiralty  Office. 

At  iflington,  Mifs  Birch,  eldeft  daughter 
of  Mr.  Deputy  Birch. 

At  his  apartments  in  Buckingham  Court, 
Mr.  Robert  Potts,,  one  of  the  eltabliihed 
medengcrs  belonging  to  the  Admiralty.'' 

In  Holborn,  John  Mi:ckcl  Caxleton^  efq. 
lieutenant  in  the  army. 

Suddenly,  Capt.  Atkinfon  Blanchard,  late 
of  the £a(l  India  C^xxpiiny^s  (hip  RockIngl\am. 

Mr.  John  'Brown,  of  Kensington  Crofs,  ~ ' 
(lock-broker. 

At  Iftington,  in  the  8 id  year  of  her  age, 
Mrs.  Magdulen  Foclle. 

At  Bromley,  Mrs.  Catherine  Mclward. 

Suddenly,  in  an  HuopU£lic  fit,  James  Ir- 
win*  efq.  one  of  the  dire^ors  of  the  E^St 
IndU  Company.  ^ 

At  his  lioufe  at  White  Friar*s  Dock,  Mr. 
Serjeant,  timber  merchant.  He  had  beea 
bcd-ridden  upwards  pf  two  years. 

In  Kcntiih  Town,  Mrs.  lilirabcthAdrims. 

In  Che y lie  Walk,  Chclfcs,  Mrs.  Bowes. 

At  Stoke  Newini^ton,  Mifa- Kinder,  fecoad 
daughter  of  Mr.  Kinder,  of  Cheapfidc. 

Mr.  Thomas  Cleverly,  ofScc-kccpcr  of  the 
Trajifport  Office.        '      ' 

Mr.  William  Turner,  rtauy  years  one  of 
the  park  keepct«,  Rationed  at  the  Stable 
yard  Gate,  St.  James's. 

In  Newman  Street,  •  the   Rev.*  Edmund    ' 
Clbfoa,  cha.-iCL.lor  .of  the  4iocefe  of  Biiilol,* 
•and  grand\>a  lo  :hc  ia:c  BUup  Gibfoa^ 


I4S 


Biogrcphifiol  Notice  efPelletUr^ 


InTaTU^ockStrect,  Bcdford-ftiuare,  Tbo- 
jnas  Prior,  ti%. 

Mrs.  Slcinoer^  widow  of  the  Ute  Mr^ Jo- 
feph  Skinner^'^  AUgate  HigU  Street. 

>(rs.  Kalmcr,  wile  of  Mr.  Jglui  PaUnery 
of  Druryr  Lane  theatre. 

At  Ealing,  aged  60,  A.  Favenc,  efq. 

In  Warwick  Street,  Golden-fquare,  T. 
Kood,  efq.  late  of  Rickmond  Greeoi 

V'ud.l  At  Putney,  lean  Baptifta  MuUer, 
a  native  of  Pralfia.  The  Angularity  of  hia 
chancer  may  in  fome  meafure  be  colle^ed 
frbm  the  following  dire^ona  refpeding  his 
internient. — '<  I  deftre  to  be  buried  within 
the  Mrallsof  the  churchy  and  interred  in  my 
buff  embroidered  waiftcoot,  my  blue  coat 
with  a  black  collar,  a  pair  of  clean  nankeen 
breeches,  white  fiUc  flockingi,  my  Pruiiian 
books,  my  hair  neatly  drefled  and  powdered, 
and  I  particularly  requeft,  that  my  coffin 
may  be  made  long  enough  to  admit  of  my 
JiuHar  cap  being  placed  on  my  head. — So 
dreffed  and  accoutred,  let  me  reft  in  peace.** 

lnSaliibury-fquare,Mr.  Bardin6,the  cele- 
brated globe-maker,  in  which  bufinefs  he  is 
fttcceedcd  by  his  only  Ton. 
»      At  Tottenham,  Mr,  T.  Coate,  of  New- 
gate-ftreet. 

At  his  lodgings  In  Edgware-road,  Mr.  Ri- 
chard Griffith  I  formerly  manager  of  the 
Theatre  Royal,  Norwich. 

Deaths  Ain-oad, 
<)^BiRTitANO  PiLLSTiiB,  the  Cflchoted 

French  ciymift,  whefe  death  we  noticed  m  a  . 

Jjarmirnumhir^  we  have  Jince  heen.  favoured 

tuith  the  follvunn^paritailaru 

This  illuftfious  chymiftand  physician  was 
born  at  Bayonne,  in  176 1,  and  died  in  Paris 
the  21ft  of  July,  1797.  ^is  career  was 
fliort,  but  glorious  i  and  he  has  Icfc  behind 
him  a  reputation,  which  the  flight  of  time 
will  nrvcr  obliterate.  Many  men  of  natural 
genius  have  been  coafigned  to  hopelefs  ob- 
fcurity^  for  want  of  a  proper  field  to  exercTfe 
•nd  difplay  their  talents ;  whilft  others  have 
failed  in  their  noble  ambition  to  excel,  for 
want  of  an  able  dircdor  in  their  early  years, 
who  could  prcfcribe  to  them  the  proper  line 
to  purl'uc,  and  dircd  the  efibrts  of  genius 
to  their  dcihiite  obje^.  Pellctier  fortunate- 
ly peficiiTcd  alj  thcfc  advantages.  He  im- 
bibed the  firil  elements  of  the  Icicnee,  la 
which  he  aftcrwikrds  fo  eminently  excelled, 
mndcr  tixe  tuition  of  his  father;  and  iubfe- 
q»ently  under  the  diredionof  Darcet,  who 
perceivi  11^  in  him  a  furprizing  portion  of  fa- 
gi^city,  vhkii  may  not  unaptly  be  dcnomi- 
/  nattrd  the  inftinSi  of  jchnce^  admitted  him 
am(mg,che  number  or  his  pupils,  belonging 
to  the  Lhvinical  cUboiatory  of  the  French 
college.  Five  years pt"  intcqlc  lludy  and  ap- 
pllcatipp,  uniierthf  au^Ues  of  a  inaAer, 
formci\  l\y  nature  to  excel,  and  pprfeded  by 
experience^  «)uU  not  1-iil  to  rentier  J?*ilU-titW 
diitinguifiicJ  by  a  degree  of  kaowlfduf  ^rasc- 
ly  to  be  p\^i  y^-jtb.  in  pcilons  or ;  hU  •  i^A*^  Qf . 
Xiiittii:  lj^,i.44V«  c^vm;iiifi  ^rio^iij  by  pabh 


liflung,  at  the  age  of  ix,  iopne^roj  inje^ 
niotts  obfenrations  On  the  iei?  of  idfenSc." 
Mecqaer,  by  mixing  nHre  with  H^  oxydeef ' 
arfenic,hMldifcoVefea  a  falto^i&af^ 
Itttion  in  water,  and  of  cryftallixingiatlitf 
form  of  prifms,  to  which  he  game  the  mttse  ' 
of  neutral  fait  ^  arfemc.  He  was  of  O^iiSon', 
that  00  acid  could  decompofe  it',  Inst  PellAtfrr 
demonftrated,  that  this  might  be  effeded  by 
a  diftillatlon  of  fulphurous  acid.  He  dt-  ' 
teded  the  true  caufe,  which  rendered  Mac- ^ 
quer*s  fait  of  arfenic  incapable  of  decompofi-  ' 
tion  in  veflcls  properly  clofed  and  hited,  and 
fliewed  by  what  procefs  the  fait  itfdf  was 
formed  in  the  diftillatlon  of  nitrate  of  pot- 
a/h,  and  white  oxyde  of  arfiMic ;  and  Uiftly 
he  fpeciiied  the  difttnftibn  between  this  new 
fait  and  Macquer's^W  d*  arJoMj  (liver  of  ar- 
femc.) Encouraged  by  the  fuccefs  of  his 
firft  eftays,  he  publilhed  his  obfervations 
00  the  cryftallization  of  /ulphur,  cinnabar, 
and  folttble  falts.  He  undertook  an  ana- 
lyfis  of  aeoTues,  particularly  the  &lfe  «»- 
lite  of  Fribourg  in  Brifgau,  which  he  /ound 
to  be  nothing  more  than  an  ore  of  zinc.  He 
published  likewife  forhe  equally  folidand  in- 
genious remarks  concerning  marine  dephlo- 
gifticated  acid,  the  abforption  of  oxygene, 
the  formation  of  various  kinds  of  ethers, 
and  efpecially  of  the  acid  ether  :  and  -wTDte 
fcveral  memoirs  on  the  compofition  of  -phof-  ' 
porus,  its  transformation  into  phofporic  acid, 
and  .its  combination  with  fulphur,  and  the 
major  part  of  metallic  fubftanccs.  Whilft 
he  was  engaged  in  making  experiments  on 
phofporus,  one  of*  the  moft  aftonlihing  pro- 
duAJons  of  the  art  of  chymiftry,  he  burned' 
himfelf  fo  dtngeroufly,  that  he  narrowly  ef- 
caped  with  his  life.  On  his  recovery  from 
this  unfortunate  accident,  which  confined 
him  to  his  bed  for  more  than  half  a  year,  he 
occupied  himfelf  with  the  analyfis  of  various 
lead  ores  found  in  France,  Gemiany,  Spain, 
England,  and  America  ^  and  notwithftaxiding 
the  famefubjcA  had  been  prcvioufiy  treated 
and  AfcufTed  by  Scheele-,  Pellctier  found 
means  to  give  his  refearches  a  furprizing  de- 
grce  of  intereft  and  novelty.  His  analyfzs 
of  the  properties  of  barytes  led  him  to  make  a 
ferics  of  experiments  on  animals,  which  fully 
eftabliflied  the  poifonous  qualities  of  this* 
compofition,  in  whatever  fhapc  it  may  be  ad- 
miniftered.  The  chymifts  have  given  the 
appellation  of  Jhontian  to  a  certain  *f pedes  of 
earth  recently  difcovered,  from  the  name  of 
the  place  where  it  was  found.  Pelletier 
carefully  analyzed  this  earth,  and  found  it 
to  corrclpond  with  fuIpLite  of  barytes.  He 
wasamongft  the  firft,  who  fubftantiated  the 
prsdticability  of  refining  and  perfetHng  a  bcU- 
mcul,  by  fc)>arating  the  tin.  His  firft  ex- 
pctlmentsof  tbb  kind  were  made  at  Paris,' 
fi«m  which  pface  he  removed  In*  1791^  to 
Verifjphts  diltovcrles  on  w  very  extenlnre  t^te 
ACtheifowAdefyrtfRorfttlly-.  'The-fbJkiwbig 
V  year  he:  was  chofen  a  meYnber  of  the  itUemy 
if  IfthmcM  rt  Pa^iss  Ibte  ktb^'WHtilT  V 


Northumberland  and  t)urhanu 


149 


weBt,<fni^£^3^Fi^  »?4  General  .Dairayile  to 
FffC;^,^  a£ft  a(  jexporimentt  <if  a  new  fpe- 
cie$o([^|ii{!owder.  The  4utie8  of  .this  ap- 
pQintmci\t  rendering  it  neceflai^y  for  him  t« 
^ili  g;re9^  p^  of  the  day  expofed  to  the  in- 
clcineicijer48f  the  atmofphere  during  a  very 
cQliiiJBd'damp  feafon»-his  conftitution»  which 
WAS  naturally  delicate,  f«(Ui&ed  a  fenfibie 
injury.  His  health  wa«  not  fully  re-efta- 
^liihed,  when  he  again  experienced  a  very 
xurrovv  efcape  from  falling  a  vldkim  to  the 
zeal  with  which  he  cultivated  hit  favou- 
rite  icience,  being  nearly  ^fuiibcated  by 
.jjibJiAg  osyanated  muriatic.  A  violent 
afthaatic  complaint  was  the  confequence  of 
Ibis  ttofortiuiate  circumi^nce>  which  bailed 


all  the  refources  of  arty  and  carried  faim  pt^- 
raaturoly  to  the  grave,  in  the:  ^ovttr  o£  his 
age,  at'theageof  3^;  In  PcHetier  fcicacc 
has  loft  •nA  ot*  her  moft  able  cultivators,  aA(| 
the  community  an  ufcful  member,  for  whom 
it  will  not  be  eafy  to  iind  an  equal  Tubftitute. 
He  pofleiTed  that  dignified  ex^antion,  that 
indefatigable  ^£livity  of  mind,  which  are 
indifpcnfibly  requifite  to  arrive  atfuperlatiVe 
excellence.  As  a  literary  chara^r,  his 
reputation  was  unftained  with  reproach  ;  and ' 
in  private  life,  his  &n€L  probity,  exemplary- 
virtue,  and  unimpeachable  morals,  rendered 
him  an  obje&  more  eafily  admired  thaa 
imitated. 


PROVINCIAL    OCCURRENCES. 

%c\ding  jfec9unts  of  all  Imfrevements  relating  to  the  Agriculture ^  the  Comrntrciy  tb€  Economy^  ih^ 
^oSc€,  &c,  of  every  Part  of  the  Kingdom  ;  with  I^oticei  of  eminent  Marriages,  and  6f  ftll  the 
Deaths  recorded  in  the  Provincial  Prints'^  to  which  are.added,  BiografhicaJ  Anecdotes  of  rt" 
marka^e  and  difimguijhed  Charailers, 

having  occurred  of  eight  ihips  having  ^eeti 
ftianded  on  the  Herd  Sands  at  a  time)  is  cal- 
culated at  6993!. 

Married.']  At  Newcaftle,  Lieut.  Boger, 
of  the  Royal  Horfc  Artillery,  to  Mifs  Bur- 
don,  daughter  of  George  Burdon^  efq.  of 
Newcaftle. 

Mr.  M'Leod,  jon.  brewer,  in  Cateihead, 
to  Mifs  Addifon,  of  Newcaftle.  Alfo  Mr. 
Bentlcy  M<Leod,  to  Mifs  Ha wkess,*  daugh- 
ter of  Mr.  Wm.  Hawkes,  of  New  Green- 
wich, near  Newcaftle. 

At  BilHngham,  near  Stockton »  Mr.  Robt- 
White,  of  Saltholm,  to  Mifs  Blackburn,  of 
the  fame,  place. 

Dfcd,J  At  Newcaftle,  aged  ^i,  Mr. 
Oilfrid  Ward.  Mr,  Thomas  Smoult.  *  Aged 
61,  Mrs.  Ann  Fenwick.     Mifs  Bites.  . 

Near  Newcaftle,  at  the  advanced  age  of 
.100,  James  Palmer,  commonly  known  by 
the  denomination  of  Do&or  Palmer.  For 
the  laft-  thirty  years  of  his  life  he  never 
went  to  bed  fober.  He  fcrved  as  a  private  in. 
the  royal  army  in  the  year  171 5^  and  at  the 
age  of  73,  with  only  five  ftiil lings  iii  his 
pocket,  Valked  from  Newcaftle  to  London,  ' 
and  back  again,  in  the  (hort  fpace  of  eleven 
days,  one  of  which  he  fpent  in  the  metropo- 
lis. The  appellation  of  DoAor^wis  confer-  . 
red  upon  him,  from  the  circmnfta^ce  of  his 
vending  noftrums  and  quack  mi(dicih(fs  of  his 
own  preparing. 

At  Durham  J  Mrs.  Sharp,  rellft  of  the 
late  Dr.  Sharp,'  Prebendary  of  DbVhlm  Ca- 
thedra).   .       • '  .       ^ 

At  Newhohfe,-  near  K-fk.  Dorham,  in  the 
X04t1»<year  of-  his-  age,  ano  t>ie  T^^"  of  his 
infiniftiy, -thfe  Rev.  Ferdiiiand^'AJhtnall,   a 
/  Roma  n^  Catholic  clergyman.' ~    ' 

Y     -r*^^>^    -     -    —  '      '-iAd Barker  HOttfe,  rij  thv^TSAyrar  of  hq  ^ 

ful  u^^'A^i^,.^jf]fiicjiijffiil  t(ltt^9M\^:bmi.>'  .-i^,  -Mri  1%  0^' i'ormerlj^  «i  ««CTicnt"fur-  * 
t3p6x  xJve<  pufpofes  of  navigation,  and  even-     geon  in  Hexham,  but  who  had  for  feveral 
tually   favc  many  hundrcct  Uvci,  (inftancei     years  retired  from  buiiacfs. 

At 


KOaiHUMl^tRX^AND  ANP  DUIHAM* 

'J'HE  bridge  at  the  foot  of  Hampeth-Bank, 
near  Lpw  Newton,  upon  the  turnpike- 
load^eading  from  Cow  Cawfey  to  Buckton 
Burn,  in  the  county  of  Northumberland,  is 
to  bt  rebuilt  without  delay. 

The  D^ke  of  Northumberland  having  been 
informed  of  the  practical  benefit  derivedto  the 
community,  by  the  inftitution  of  the  South 
Shic^d^  Cork  or  Life  Boat,  by  which  the  lives 
of  many  hundred  Ihipr  wrecked  mariner^  have 
been  faved,  has  made  a  voluntary  oft'er  to  the 
^p-owjiers  and  merchants  of  North  Shields,* 
of  a  boat,  on  a  fimilar  conftrudion,  to  be 
I^t:pt,  for  the  fame  benevolent  and  humane 
{jurpafe,  on  the  nortli  fide  j  and  has  further 
fubicribed  twenty  pounds  annually  towards 
tiie  oth^r  cxpenc^  attending  the  eftabliib- 
ment. 

It  has  been  determined,  at  a  meeting  of 
the  principal  gentlemen  of  the  county  of 
Northumherl!i^d,  to  ere£t  aniron  bridge  over 
the  Tweed,  at  K«lfo>  in  }ku  of  that  lately 
y.  alhed  down. 

A  very  alarming  fire  broke  out  in  New- 
^ftlc  9n  the  25th  o(  USk  month,  which  for 
war.t  of  ^  timely  fupply  of  water,  nearly 
two  hD-jrs  elapfing  from  the  firft  ringing  of 
the  fire  bc)l,  tifl  any  w^ter  could  be  procur* 
ed  from  tlic  pipe§,  did  confiderable  damage  ; 
and  but  for  the  unremitted  exertions  of  the 
Inhabitants,  WQuld  probably  have  reduced 
the  whple  fouth-weft  fide  of  Mofiey-ftreet  to 
aihcs.  This  ihamefu\  negled:,  in  the  con- 
duct of  thofc  who  have  been  inftru£ted  to 
fupply  the  town  with  water«.  calls  for  the 
fcverbdjOiiimAdverfioo.  .  ... 

A  j[ubk:^iptifvi  is  nqvK-  open  for  otfryiiig ' 
Intoc/tWt  the^propofed  Tunnel  :firi^Bi.Nortb 
to  Sohth^'^litiflj^f,  ^  Thjji  eyeAcc  piitlUs  «f»4 


JSO 


Cumherland/ind  WeJinureland..^LancaJblri. 


At  Dwcathaaghy  aged  eighty,  Mrs.  Di- 
▼enport,  urtfc  df  ^r.  James  Ckvenport,  of 
,  Kcwcaau. 

Ax.  MUUok,  in  the  ptrUb  of  Laincfley, 
Mr&.  Margiret  Farrtngton. 

At  Callerton,  in  iiis  78tli  year,  Mr.  Tho- 
maa  Bonner.   . 

^    CCMBSBLAKD  AND  WStTMOKFLANP. 

A  molt  alarming  ami  deftnifUve  6re  broke 
mic  on  the  30th  of  laft  month,  in  the  exten- 
five  cotton  manu6uftory  of  MciTzs.  Wood  and 
Bothwell,  in  Carlifle.  The  recent  difafter 
experienced  in  this  town,  owing  to  the  want 
of  A  fire  engine,  was  not,  it  feen:s,  fufficient 
to  convince  the  inhabitants  of  the  neceffity 
cf  this  means  of  precaution  againft  the  min- 
ims ravages  of  fire.  For  want  of  this  falu- 
tary  preventive,  the  whole  of  the  premifes, 
together  with  the  valuable  ftock  in  trade, 
wa&confumed  in  the  ihortfpaceof  three  hours, 
A  ftrong  wall  fortunately  prevented  the  new 
brewery  from  iharing  the  (ame  fate.  A  very  . 
fmall  fire  engine,  belonging  to  the  calllc, 
was  all  the  affiftance  that  could  be  procured. 
What  adds  to  the  calamity,  upwards  of  200 
people  have  been  thrown  out  of  employment 
.by  this  terrible  difafter.  It  gives  uc  fatis- 
£idion  to  hear,  that  a  fubfcription  is  now  on 
too',  for  furniOung  the  town  of  Carlifle  with 
^two  fire  engines. 

AiarricdJ]  At  WhitehaTen»  Oqit.  Simp- 
ion  to  Mrs.  Kennell. 

At  Cockermouth,  Mr.  Jofeph  Irvin,  jun. 
clerk  oi  Setmurthy  chapel,  to  Mifs  Frances 
Younghuftiand.' 

.  At  I&ean^  Mr.  William  Sharpe,  of  Dif- 
.fiogton,  to~Mt(s  Mary  Carter,  of  the  Ibrmcr 
place. 

At  Diilpgton,  Captain  John  Garret,  of 
Maryport,  to  Mifs  Ann  Frear,  of  the  former 
place. 

AtWigton,  Mr.  Hayton,  of  Workington, 
to  Mife  Fumafs,  of  the  former  place. 

At  Workington,  Mr.  John  Barnes,  to 
Mifs  Margaret  Wedgwood. 

At  Orton,  Mr.  William  Smith,  of  Aflc- 
.ligg,  to  Mifs  Holme,  of  Row nthwaite. 

At  Beckermont,  near  Whitehaven,  Mr. 
James  Fi/her  to  Mrs.  Crayfon. 

At  Liodale,  Mr.  Ifaac  Hooley  to  Mrs^ 
Eleanor  Bell. 

£>icd,'\  At  Diflington,  in  hei  ^-J  year, 
Jllrs.  Ann  Plaflcet. 

At  Cilgorron,  near  Diilington,  at  the  ad- 
vanced age  of  91,  Mr.  Jeremiah  Wilkinfon. 
^  At«Woodhauies,  in  the^pariih  of  Orton, 
m.her4.7ch.year,  Mrs.  Twentyman. 

At  Harrington,  aged  04,  Mifs  Ann  San- 
dciiion, 

.  At.Workington ,  aged46,.  Mrs.  Ann  Mairs. 
Ja  an  sd>anced  age,' Mr.  Richard  Robinfon.  ■ 

AtCalva  Hall,  near  Workington,  in  the 
prime  0f  life,  Mr.  Henry  Forfter. 

At  Whitehjiven,  in  the  prime  of  life, 
Mifs  Golphin.  Mrs.  Fraxcr,  wife  .of  Capt. 
f  rarer,  of  the  George,   .in^hcr  24th  year. 


At  Carlifle,  aged  34*  •  Mr.-OavifGiahtf), 
attorney.  In  her  41ft  year,  Mrs,  Mait&a 
Howgill.     Mrs.  Fox. 

At  Kendal,  Mrs.  Swainfoa.*  Mr.  Baxter, 
a  fenior  alderman. 

At  Allonby,  aged  77,  Mr.  William  litt. 

At  Maryport,   Mr.  John  Nelfon. 

At  Bankend,  near  Maryport,  in  herS5:h 
year,  Mrs.  Mary  Thornthwaite. 

tANCABHIKE. 

A  very  liberal  fubfcription  has  been  fet  oa 
foot  in  Liverpool,  for  eftabliihing  a  library 
and  reading-room  in  that  town.  Not  left 
than  300  perfons  have  fubfcribed  10  guineas 
each  to  carry  this  ufeful  inftitutioo  into 
eifea. 

In  confequence  of  a  letter  infintM  feme 
time  fince  in  the  Cotirier^  figned  Philanthro- 
pos,  (bting  that  the  French  prifoners  of  war 
were  treated  with  great  tahumanity,  fed 
upon  ofi'als,  and  confined  in  dungeons,  a 
deputation  of  the  mayor  and  magiftrates  have 
examined  into  the  actual  ftate  of  the  prifon. 
From  their  report  it  appears,  that  every  at- 
tention is  paid  to  the  health,  the  comfort 
and  accommodation  oi  the  captives,  and  that 
the'afl'ertions  advanced  by  Pbilsntbrftt  have 
no  foundation  in  truth. 

Married.'}  At  Liverpool,  Mr.  Daniel 
Doran  to  Mn.  Gardner,  widow  of  the  b(e 
Capt.  Gardner.  Capt.  John  Cxdby  to  Mifs 
Allman. 

At  the  fame  place,  Mr.  Jolly,  merchant, 
to  Mifs  Sparrow.  The  following  Tuefdiy 
the  bridegroom  died,  by  which  circumftasce 
the  reciprocal  joy  of  the  two  faaailies  «^i 
converted  into  grief  and  mourning. 

At  Manchefter,  Mr.  C  Wheeler,  printer 
of  tlie  Manchefter  Chronicle,  .to  Mn.  Spen- 
cer. Mr.  Wilfon  Leigh  to  Mifc  Alice  Dean. 
Mr,  George  Slack  to  Mifs  MaryTrevett. 
Mr.  Jofeph  Cantrell  to  Mrs.  Betty  Charter. 
Mr.  T.  M.  Ray  to  Mifs  Ann  Jovle.  Mr. 
Hinde^  of  the  Ille  of  Man,  to  Miis  Sanh 
Shaw. 

At  Warrington,  Mr,  Wright  to  Mifs 
Phillips.  ^ 

At  Aldingham,  James  Loft,  cfq.  batriftet 
at  law,  to  Mi(s  Ciecilia  Baldwin,  yoongcft 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Baldwin,  6f  that 
place. 

At  Wigan^  Mr.  Richard  Walker,  check- 
manufacturer,  to  Mifs  Efther  Ken  yon. 

Mr.  Hodfon,  of  Bollock  Smithy,  attor- 
ney,  to  Mifs  Elisabeth  Bowden,  youn^ 
daughter  of  Mr.  Lucas  Bowden,  ^  Msrple. 

At  Otley,  Mr.  Moore  to  Mifs  Walker. 

Died,]  At  Liverpool,  Mr.  John  GrciTf. 
In  his  67th  year,  Mr.  William  James.  Mr. 
ll'abella  Hayes.  Mr.  Philip  Pillfon.  Mrs. 
Byrne.  Mr.  Peter  Wright.  Aged  00,  Mn. 
Mary  fiifpham.  Mifs  Penelope  Arkle.  la 
her  Sift  year,  Mrs.  Blundel,  rclia  of  tbe* 
Iste  Robert  Blundel,  ef([.  of  lace.  Mn. 
Willoh. 

•  .At  .Manchefter,    aged  S4,   Mr.  Jnret 
$iBith.    Aged  7S,vMr«.  AMTfaoniii.    In 

J  _...     «»  '»•  '■  M 


TariAifi* 


X5t 


his  iMi  yetr,  Mr.  Thoinas  Mitchell.  He 
w«stfrenttMiadtocae6  for  rational  l{l>ert7 
andparJiinienczry  reform.  Ill  his  85th  year^ 
Mr.  Jktdcs  Smith. 

At  Blackburn,  Mr.  James  Foulis,  of  the 
ShouMer  of  Mutton  public  houfc.  Mr. 
Thomas  Airey. 

AcLsBPcafter,  aged  %o,  Mr.  Tho.  Kuide. 
Suddenly,  Mrs.  Rawlinfon. 

At  l*rtfcot,  Miit  P.  Leaf. 

Af  Holme,  Mifs  Mary  Wright,  fifter-in- 
l»w  to  theRev.  R .  Dallas,  curate  of  St.  John^s. 

At  Warrington,  Mrs.  Wiifon< 

At  Silford,  aged  75,  Mr.  Miles  Dixon. 
Aied  8f,  Mrs.  Malcin.  After  a  fevere  and 
liageriog  iUnefsy  Mrs.  Loxham.  Mr.  John 
Lesclk  His  death  was  occafion^  by  his 
cJuife  breaking  down. 

At  Alport,  Mrs.  Dotton,  mother  of  Mr. 
Dattoo,  furgeon. 

At  Bradford,  Mr.  John  Atkinfpo,  of  the 
Uojcom  inif. 
AtBlakcley,  Mifs  Hannah  Taylor. 

TOIKSKIIC. 

Between  Tadcafter  and  York  there  is  a 
neat  little  cottage,  contiguous  to  the  road, 
and  about  a  mile  diftant  from  the  former 
town :    the  builder  and  owner,  Britton  Ab** 
fcott,  is  now  in  the  6Sth  year  of  his  age ;  he 
lias  been  inured  10  labour  in  hufbandry  from 
his  infancy,  and,  notwithftanding  his  age, 
is  (o  (hong,  robuft,  healthy,  and  induihious, 
that  he  earns  from  12  to   iS  (hillings  per 
week,  by  what  is  called  Ulk-work.      Hts 
married,  when  twcnty-two,  a  woman  near 
iiuownage,  who  is  ftill  Irving.     About  33 
years  ago,  in  confequeuce  of  the  inclofure 
at  Poppleton,  he  was,  with  fix  helplefs  chil- 
dren, and  his  wife  ready  to  lie  in  of  tiie  fe- 
ventb,  nnder  the  neceflity  of  quitting  his 
habitation.     Ii^  the  midft  of  his  difficulties, 
lie  applied  to  a  gentleman  in  the  neighbour- 
hood for  a  piece  of  wafte  ground  by  the  road 
fide ;  and  his  character,  on  enquiry,  being 
Uiund  unimpeachable,  he  obtained  the  flip  of 
land  he  now  occupies  ^   where,  by  the  ai&ft- 
ance  of  hb  neighbours  in  the  carriage  of  ma- 
terials,  he  built  the  cottage  which  he  inha- 
bits.   The  land,  though  no  more  than  a  rood 
in  extent*   produces,  by  his  care  and  flcilful 
management,   about  40  bulhels  of  potatoes 
•uinually,    befides    other    vegetables,    and 
fruits ;  the  fale  of  which  brings  him,  on  an 
average,  four  pounds  per  annum.    Thus,  by 
perfeveriag  imlnftry,  is  a  man^  who  others 
wire  omft  have  been  a  tenant  in  a  poor^houfe, 
cmbled  to  provide  for  a  large  family,  with- 
<bt  tha  leaft  aiiiftance  from  the  parifh. 

On  the  ift  inftant  an  alanning  thunder 
ftorm  came  on  in  the  vicinity  of  York,  ac- 
compmnied  with  foow  and  hail.  The  lighN 
ning  waa  extremely  awful,  and  one  great  ^afh 
in  i^^icsilar  iras  inftantaneoufly  fucccedcd 
by  the  xno&tremendoui  peal  of  thunder  ever 
heard  by  the  irfdeft  inhabitant  of  the  ivwnTj 
XheltsbtaidgMcktjbe  top  of »tlM  toutifbl 
fpire  o£..:SU  Mary's.,  church}  Csftlegate^. 
ViUch  it  damaged  very  considerably  j  and  i( 
MoNTaivMAQ.  N0.XXVIUU 


is  iiippofed  that  a  confideraMe '  pAft  of  tUb 
fpire  will  be  obliged  to  be  talcen  down. 

Marrud.}Ai  York,  Mr.  Ailinfon,  to  Milk 
Mary  Bacon,  of  Selby.  Mr.  Andi«wMcek» 
of  Paradife-houfe,  near  DaltoUy  to  Mtf. 
Watfon,  of  Craven. 

At  Hull,  JohnC.  Cankreen,efq.  toMiff 
Kerr,  daughter  oS  the  late  Hugh  Kerr,  cf^ 
Mr.  John  Leedham,  to  Mifs  Pinkerton. 

At  Leeds,  Sir  Francis  Lindley  Wood,  btrt. 
of  Bowling  Hall,  to  Mifs  Buck,  eldeft 
daughter  oip  Samuel  Buck,  efq.  iS'fltm 
Grange,  near  Leeds.  Major  Henry  Zoocht 
to  Mifs  H.  Smith. 

At  Doncafler,  Mr.  Mitchell,  of  Bawtry* 
to  Mifs  Sanh  Amley,  of  the  former  place. 

At  Bttlmert  near  Caftlc  Howard,'  Mr. 
William  Haddlefey,  of  South  Duifield,  near 
Selby,  to  Mifs  Snbwhall,  of  New  Malton. 

At  Pockllngton,  Grant  Robinfon,  efq.  tft 
Mifs  Cavtley,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  WUliasi 
Cautlcy,  of  Biihop  Wilton. 

At  Beverley,  by  fpecial  licence,  Lannce- 
lotCoopeti  efq.  toMifsWaite,  danghterof 
Che  late  Mr.  J.  Waice,  of  Hull. 

At  Market  Welghton,  Mr.  John  Revi«| 
of  Hull,  to  Mifs  Mary  Smith,  youngeft 
daughter  of  Robert  Smith,  efq.  of  the  ^ 
ner  place. 

At  Scarborough,  Mr.  William  Koltby,  oT 
Hull,  to  Mifs  Mary  Hawfon,  -of  the  fbnnct 
town* 

At  Northallerton,  Mr.  Robinfon^  drug- 
gift,  to  Mifs  Smith. 

At  Halifax,  Mr.  James  Thompibn,  atCor* 
ney,  to  Mifs  Barnes. 

DiedA  At  York,  Mrs.  Owram,  tgcd  59* 
Mr.  R.  Batty.  In  his  4Qtb  year,  Mr«  Wnu 
Bell.    Mr.Thompfon.    Mils  Richmond. 

At  his  houfe  at  Clefton,  near  York,  in  the 
S7th  year  of  his  age,  Mr.  Blias  Ellis. 

Mr.  Rawcliliie,  proprietor  of  the  ftage 
waggons  between  York  and  Hull;  and  a 
few  days  after,  his  only  fon.  The  death  of 
the  latter  was  occaiioned  by  the  breaking  of 
a  blood- veflel. 

At  the  fame  place,  a  poor  man,  namel 
William  Umpleby,  well  known  as  a  lift- 
crier.  His  death  was  occafioned  by  his  being 
run  over  by  a  brewer's  dray. 

The  Rev.  Solomon  Robinfon,  M.  A.  latft 
of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  hfizA 
mafteror  the  free  grammar-fchool,  RipoH*^ 
and  vicar  of  Bracewell. 

At  Doncafter,  Mr,  J.  Waftell.  « 

At  Caftle  Hill,  n<ar  Hanwood, Mrs.'JUmt 
ihaw,  wife  of  the  Rev.  C.  Ramihaw.       •     » 

AtBulby  Hall,  Mifs  Conftabie,  daughter 
of  the  late  Rev.  Tiiomae  Conftabie,  ot  Sin* 
glcfthorne,  near  Beverley. 

At  Selby,  Mr.  W<  P.  Watfofti  Uneo- 
diapct.  -  -  .  . 

At  Snaich,  aged  S4,  Mr.  Rabert  Laveracfei. 
At  Bkkeiiog,  William  Hmo^,  who  had 
lived  nearly  50  years  in^he  fcrvioe  of  Jt 
l»iper>  xfq:  of.thiit  ptam^.  » 

At  hl&  houfe,  without  Boothm  Bir^ 
George  Bcbb,  eiiq. 


>4i      Ltnc9lnJbire.^..NortbamptonJbire.„.NottingbamJh^^    (Jc. 


At  Pontefn£l»  Mn.  Pcrfcdl,  wife  of  Mr, 
Gpcfveqor  Pcrfea. 

At.  Northallerton,  aged  la,  Mr.  £(lward 
Pvm'fgnj  Welbtnk.  He  was  a  geptleman 
/highly  refpe^bd  by  all  hn  numeroua  ac- 
j^aioi^nee. 

At  Halifjx,  Mr.  Joab  Crabtiec. 

At  Whitby,  at  the  advanced  age  of  96, 
Mr-  Thomaa  BrigneU,  an  eminent  white- 
fmlthy  and  ingenious  mechanic.  Hia  name 
iiat  long  been  well  known  in  moft  of  the 
port!  of  England,  particularly  in  thofe  trad- 
ing to  the  Baltic  axul  Greenland  Teas,  for  the 
^culiar  excellence  of  ills  fcrews  and  har- 
poons. Xong  before  the  birth  of  Mr.  Moore, 
of'  Cheapfide,  Bfignell,  in  conjundi«n  with 
a  Mr.  Wilfon,  another  mechanic  cf  the  fame 
^!ace,  conftnided  a  carriage  to  travel  without 
•horfes.  This  invention,  at\er  being  admired 
l^r  fome  time,  was  atjengch  ncgleAed,  and 
«x|terlenced  the  ordinary  fate  of  thofe  inven- 
cioDs,  where  utility  is  not  the  ofispring  and 
concomitant  of  ingenuity: 

LZKCOLKtHlSX. 

Marmi,}  At  Hogsthorpe,  Mr.  Samuel 
Jlaithby,  aged  yS,  to  Mrs.  Tabltha  Holmes, 

H9^  77. 

IM,)  At  Lincoloy  aged  50,  Mr.  Tho* 
jnas  Scott,  . 

At  Stamford,  aged  8a,  Mrs.  Wright.  Mrs. 
Yemaan,  and  a  few  daya  after  her  eldeft 
daughter,  Mift  Elizabeth  Yeoman. 

At  Stainfitfld>  near  lincolny  aged  xo,  Mifs 
Heaaley.  .     , 

At  Saxilby,  near  Lincoln,  111  hia  70th 
year,  Mr.  Tames  Raynor.  He  went  to  bed 
in  gfAd  health,  «nd  was  found  dead  in  the 
fforaing. 

Jofipph  Sharpe,  a  poor  labouring  man,  of 
Waihingbonmgh,  near  Lincoln,  was  killed, 
»$  he  was  at  work  in  a  pit,  by  the  earth 
IklUng  in  upon  him. 

HOKTIIAMPTONSHXaX. 

iUWnWv]  At  Northampton,  Mr.  Tho- 
fBa»,  furgeon,  to  Mifs  Hollis.  The  rev. 
W.  C.  Cuomiing,  of  Epping,  'ECCtx,  fellow 
of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  to  Mifs 
Pemberton,  of  the  former  place. 

Mr.  Brockfon,  of  Portland,  to  Mifs 
Turner,  of  Eaftficld,  near  Peterborough.  . 

Mr.  John  Newton  Goodhall,  of  Welling- 
^r&ugh,  to  Mifs  Mary  Mather. 
*  ffir.  Nortouy  of  the  Haycock  inn,  Wanf* 
(fxd,  to  Mifs  Norton,  his  coufin. 

lAid.]  At  Northtispton,  in  an  advanced 
age,  Mrs.  BeeHey. 

.  At  Hinckley,  after  a  painful  and  lingering 
UlntUf.Mn,  James. 

At  Wellingborough,  Mr.  Burch^m. 
-I  At  Tamworthy  Mr.  KobcrC  Nevil*  fen. 
attorney. 

-  Ac  Maidwell,  Mrs,  BuJIer,  widow  of  the 
Ute  J.  J.  BuUcr,  efq.  one  of  the  Lords  Coa- 
wiihoncrs  of  the  Treafury. 

At  £tton»  in  his  35th  year,  Mc  John 
Qiaaberlaio,  iarmer..    •<• 

At  fort  Anna  BoBa»  y^w.  tKe  ^qaft  of 


Africa,  of  a  bilious  fever,  l^f  r.  Charles  Lo« 
cock,  furgeon  to  the  African  Company  it 
that  fettlement,  and  fon  to  the  late  Mr.  Lo- 
cock,  of  Northampton. 

NOTTINGHAM. 

Married.]  At  Nottingham,  Mr.  HI- 
chard  Ifandley,  of  the  Crofs  Keys,  to  MI£i 
Brightmote. 

At  Newark,  Mr.  Curtis,  to  Mils  Bamf- 
dale. 

At  Little  Leake,  Mf.  Bryan  Madhall,  to 
Mifs  Mary  Clarke. 

At  Averham,  by  fpecial  licence*,  Joha 
Sutton,  efif.  eldeft  (on  of  Sir  Richard  Sutroa, 
bart.  of  Norwtmd  Park,  to  Mt£s  Sophk 
ClapUn,  youngeft  daughter  of  the  late  Chirlei 
CUplin,  efq.  of  Tothwell,  Liocolnihire. 

At  Kinolton,  Mr.  Timfon,  of  Homble- 
ton,  near  Uppingham,  to  Mifs  Mary  Pack- 
lington,  of  the  former  plade. 

Died.]  At  Nottingham,  aged  78,  Tho- 
mas Froft,  efq.  He  vras  nephew  to  the  late 
Archbiihop  Seeker,  and  one  of  the  reglilas 
of  the.  province  of  Derbyihire.  Alio,  Mrs. 
Smedlcy. 

Mr.  Francis  Bird,  frame-work  knitter. 
He  had  long  laboured  under  a  mental  it* 
rangement,  originally  occasioned  by  a  violeat 
fever,  and  got  out  of  bed  in  his  ibirt,  west 
up  ftairi  into  a  part  of  the  houfe  vrhich  over- 
looks the  Narrow  ^arih  in  this  town,  and 
from  thence  threw  himfelf  down.  But  sot 
being  inftantly  killed,  he  crawled  into  a  pUce 
kept  for  the  reception  of  filth,  where  be 
was  fuffocatcd. 

At  the  fame  place,  Mr.  Dickoflbo,  waie- 
houfeman  in  the  houfe  of  Meilrs.  Hall  aod 
Co. 

In  Wheelergate,  aged  76,*  Samuel  Rey- 
nolds, gent. 

At  £aft  Bridgford,  near  Bingham,  Mr. 
John  Wilkinfon,  an  opulent  fanner.  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Callaods. 

At  Orfton,  Mrs.Plombe., 

At  Newark,  Mrs.  Norton. 

At  Toton,  near  Nottingham,  Mr.  Joka 
Jowitr,  a  very  opulent  farmer. 

At  Wenflcy,  Mifs  Radford. 

AtRuffbrd,  Mrs.  Parkinfoo. 

At  Southwell,  Mrs.  Clay. 

At  Bradmore,  Mr.  Marriott,  butcher.' ffii 
death  was  occdioned  by  his  horfe  taking 
frigHI,  as  he  was  returning  in  bis  cart  from 
Nottingham  market.  Mr.  Marriot  and  his 
wife  were  bpth  thrown  out,  and  thf;  wheel 
going  over  the  former,  he  tepired  in  left 
than  an  hour. 

OSaBYtHIRE. 

MarrieJ.Jl  At  Derby,  Mr.  Thonus  £arpe, 
to  Mifs  Cockayne,  of  Holland. 

At  Eckington,  Mr.  Mullins,  of  Ford,  near 
that  place,  to  Mifs  Haneforth,  of  Sload-laae. 

Mr.  Tfiomas  Watts,  of  the  Leopard  ifl£y 
Darley  Dale,  to  Mifs  Jenny  Tayloit  ei 
Wentley.  The  new  n^arrkd  pair  gave  a 
general  invitation  to  their  friends  and  rda- 

tiopsi  to  cbc  aoml^tc.of  ^70.    Xi^rc  was 

flestl 


ChiJbirc.,,ShropJhtre...XeiceJlerJhire.,.,CanJn'tdgeJbir^^  £^f.       X53 


plenty  of  "good  ^heer,  with  the  eU^ant 
amufemeot  of  two  bear  baitings^  and  a  ball 
at  night.    • 

Ditd,}  At  Derby,  Mr,  Jofeph  Evans. 
Aged  62,  Mrs.  R^e.  In  his  63d  year,  Mr. 
Cartwrightf  ^  the  Dog  and  Partridge  public- 
houfe.    Mn.  Sadler. 

At  Stanioni  fuddenly,  Mr.  Francis  Brewin 
Davenport. 

At  ClapwcH,  in  the  8td  year  of  his  age, 
Bnhasoo  Hallows,  efq.  a  jufUce  of  the  peace 
for  this  county. 

At  Shottie,  aged  83,  Mr.  Richard  Su^^ 

CHESHIKS. 

ManiedJ]  At  Chefter,  Sir  Thomas  Htf- 
keth^  bart.  of  Ruffbrd,  in  Lancaihlre,  to 
Mifi  Hiode,  daughter  of  the  rev.  Mr.  Hinde, 
of  the  former  towQ,  Mr.  William  Sellcur, 
to  Mrs.  Aftle,  ' 

At  Whitchurch,  Mr.  George  Brereton,  to 
AlifsDuttpn.  Alfo,  Mr.  Dutton  to  Mifs 
Qrereton.  , 

At  Mold,  Mr.  David  Williams  to  Mlf« 
Bliobeth  Evans. 

At  Stockport,  Mr.  Turner,  to  Mifs  Da- 
venport. 

At  Thornton,  Mr.  William  Leigh,  to 
Mifs  Kate  Robinfon. 

ZW.]  AtChefter,  aged  83,  Mrs.  Ca- 
fey,.  Mr.  William  Tonna,  formerfy  an 
eminent  merchant  in  this  city.  Mrs.  Mof- 
tru.  Mr.  Sherratt.  Mrs.  Johnfon,  wife  of 
t)ie  rev.  Mr.  Johnfon,  of  Abbey-ftreet.  Af- 
ter a  long  and  fevere  illnefs,  Mr,  Alderman 
Ulames.  After  a  fliort  indifpofition  of  but 
one  day,  Bukeley  Panton,  efq.  late  a  lieu- 
tenant in  Che  59th  regiment  of  foot.  Mrs. 
Taylor. 

Mrs.  Clark,  rcli^of  the  l^te  John  Clark,' 
e/q.  of  the  Hough. 

At  BoQghtoo,  Mrs.  Maddock. 

At  Ecclefliall,  Mr.  Marih,  of  the  Bhie 
9«11  ina. 

At  Staignton,  Mr.  Qtxurgt  Fairclough. 

SgKOrSRIRI. 

ManUi.'l  At  $hrewibpry,  Mr*  Hum- 
fhries  to  MUsHodgei.  Mr.  Wktkin  Wat- 
kins,  of  Shottoo,  to  flifs  Ann  Bddowes. 
Mr.  AftevUy,  attorney,  (o  Mifi  Mary  Tayt 
lor. 

Died.']  At  Shitwlbttry,  Mi^s  Boyme. 
J^fr.  Hailem  l^eajice. 

Mrs.  Lowe,  qf  Ruckley,  near  A£h)n 
Buroel. 

In  Frankwell,  Mr.  John  Fow^e,  printer. 

Mifs  Woodruffe,  of  the  ^yle-Cap. 

The  Rev.  Mr,  Wylde,  redor  of  Glaceley 
yii  Roddington,  in  this  qntnty, 

At  Hordley,  after  a  ihort  illpefs,  Afif< 
Cureton. 

In  the  59th  year  of  hi|  age,  after  a  yery 
afmaing  illnefs,  Mr,  Thomas  Npwleft^,  of 
Pawley  Bank. 

ISICISTXKSHIKlf 

Married,]     At  Leicefter,  Mr.  Colt,  Up^n 

SODger,   tp  Mifs  Ann   Roblnfon,    £koo4 
oghter  of  the  rev.  Mr,  R9binf9at 


Mr.  Parkinfon,  of  Qoom,  to'Mtfs  JoWett, 
of  Draycote  Derbyihire.  -  ' 

Mr.Billings,  grazier,  of  Ililon  dn  fiie  Hill, 
to  Mifs  Baker. 

Died.]  AtLeicefter,  Mr.Lefeby,  k^p» 
et  of  the  town  gaol.  ^ 

At  the  fame  place,  Mrs.  Paget,  wife  of 
Mr.  Paget,  an  eminent  furgeon.  She  wat 
the  daughter  of  Mr.  Oldknow,  linen-draper, 
of  Nottingham,  and  is  defervedly  regretted 
by  a  large  drcle  of  friends,  not  more  for  her 
many  amiable  and  endearing  qualities,  than 
'  as  being  cut  off  in  the  prime  of  life,  when 
hef  domeftic  ufefulncfs  was  becoaie  indifpen# 
fible  as  a  Wife  and  mother. 

At  Quorn,  the  rev.  Thomas  Hudfon. 

At  Stretton,  Mrs.  Walker,  wife  of  the 
rtv.  Dr.  Walker. 

At  Great  Glenn,  aged  8x,  George  Cooper,' 
gjent;      . 

At  Thornton,  the  rev.  Mr.  Abbot,  vieif 
of  that  place. 

cAMBaiDGisinaE. 

Married,]  At  Cambridge,  Mrr  Prigg  i§ 
Mifs  Frances  Leach. 

Mr.  Wedd  William  Naih,  attorney,  o^ 
Hoyfton,  tQ  Mifs  HoUick,  only  child  of 
Mr.  William  HolUck,  of  Whlttlesfoi^ 

At  Ifleham,  Mr.  Thomas  Sharp,  farmer, 
tp  Miff  Potter,  of  the  Ram  inn,  Newmarket. 

Diedf]    At  Cambridge,  Mr.  Peachey. 

At  ChpAerton,  near  Cambridge,  Mn. 
Chettoe. 

At  Soham,  Mr),  Peachey,  aged  69.  Mr. 
John  Lyles,  farmer.  Being  intoxicated,  he 
fell  into  a  ditch,  and  was  foffocated. 

At  Ifleham,  MnGodfrey, 
o'xroKDSKiAK. 

Married.]  At  Oxford,  the  Rev.  John 
I^arfons,  A,  M*  fellow  of  Baliol  college,  and 
re^rof  All  Saints  and  St.  l^onard*s  in  CoU 
cheftcr,  to  Mifs  Parfons,  a  dillant  relation. 
Mr.  John  Smith  to  Mils  Sla(ter,  Mr.  B. 
Quter  to  MifB  A.  Smith. 

Mr.  Benjamin  Tanner,  of  Fairford,  to 
Mi&Waoe. 

Died.]  At  Oxford,  in  her  6ift  year,  Mi«« 
Qooke,  wife  of  Mr.  William  Cooke,  butler 
of  Magdalen  college.  Mrs.  Benfield,  fchooU 
ipiftrefs,  of  Caverlham. 

At  Woodftock,  aged  70,  Mr.  Richard 
BartholomeV*  alderman  of  that  town,  for- 
merly an  eminent  furgeon  and  apothecary  ,bQli 
who  had  retired  from  biifinefs  for  fome  years. 

A(  the  fame  pla^e,  in  ^he  76th  year  of 
her  age,  Mrs.  Pryfe,  widow  of  Lewis  Pryfe, 
ef<L.  and  one  of  the  daughters  and  cohelreiTea 
of  Sdward  Ryves,  efq.  Her  powers  of  dbhig 
good  were  extenfive,  but  not  more  abundant 
tkan  her  charities :  and  her  lofs  win  be  fe<^ 
Yerely  felt  l}y  the  neighbouring  pooi'. 

The  Rev.  H.  Powell,  rqaor  of  Minfteff 
Loyell,  in  this  f^qunty. 

At  Boddi^tt^  in  httjttt  year,  Mrs.  Btir« 
ford,  relia  of  Dr.  "Burford,'  late  of  Bilttbtiry,* 

^t  Iflip,  In  confequenceof  exceffiive  drink- 
ing,  thomas  Smith*    He  drank' •&*»  bottle 

'  of 


tS^  Staffof4fi3ir^..yWarwUlftnri...JVorceJlerfi&f^  isfc^ 


tS  port  wine  at  onp  draught,  and  foon  af^er 
ft\\  fnm  hts  feat  td  the  ground*  In  about 
an  hour  and  a  half  he  expired. 

tTArrOIDSHXRZ. 

Marrkd.]  At  Litchfield,  Mr.  A.  Wood- 
ward to  MUs  Toppmg,  Mr.  Stephen  Simp- 
fon  to  Mifs  SbCrtin. 

Mc  William  Bourn,  of  ^tnithfieU,  in  this 
county,  to  Mifs  Hannah  Walker>  q£  Hcage, 
in  Dcfbvflure. 

JDm/.  j  At  Stafford,  in  her  24th  yeu, 
Mn.  Potter.  At  Brereton,  Mr.  Andrew  Birch. 

At  WoWerhamptoa,  Mr.  Wm.  Waddomi. 

At  Newcafte  under  Line,  univerCaUy 
eAecmed  and  lamented,  Nathaniel  Beas^, 
cfq.  only  brother  to  the  late  William  Bcard« 
cf^.  chief  juftice  of  South  Wales. 

WARWICK  SHIKK. 

MarrkJ.I  At  Birmingham,  Mr.  Jamct 
Peeley  to  M:(s  Winkle..  Mr.  John  Pai4oe  to 
Mifs  Elirabeth  Wright.  Mr.  Simeon  Tait 
ttMKaMary  ShowelL  Mr.  John  Lander  to 
MlfaTUdellcy. 

Mr.  J.  Terret,  of  Redmorley,  to  Mifs 
Vernog,  of  Abbcrley. 

At  Handfworth,  near  Birmingham,  Mr. 
fofliua  WoodhiU  to  Xftfs  Sixah  Scofield. 

Diid.)  At  Birmingham,  Mr.  Richard 
Anderton,  fen.  In  the  prime  of  life,  Mr. 
William  Kerby,  Mr.  Thomas  Uoderhill,  an 
eminent  brafs-foundcr.  Mr.  Benjamin  Line. 
Mr.  Thomas  Hart,  optician.  Mr.  T.  Orton, 
tun.  button-maker.  In  the  prime  of  life, 
Mifs  Godolphin  Sparham.  Mr.  WilUam 
loAtt,  mottld-tumcr.  Mrs.  Miles.  Mr.  So- 
lomon Plater.  Mr.  John  Laughter.  Aged 
70,  Mrs.  Ann  Badley.  In  his  91ft  year, 
Mr.  John  TenniDgs,  wood-fcrcw-auker. 
'  At  Wiftiaw,'  near  Birmingham^  aged  90^ 
Mc.  John  Brown,  fen. 

At  Coventry,  Mr.  William  Bayley.  In  a 
very  advanced  age,  Mr.  John  Warner. 

At  mytonBaOet,  Mr.  William  Eddeit. 
.  AtDigbeth,  Mr.  William  Goodbame. 

At  BordHey,  at  the  advanced  age  of  91 9 
Mr.  John  Adams. 

WOKCfSTEKSHIIV. 

JWf/J  At  Worcefter,  Mr.  Luke  Spilf- 
bury,  poft-mafter.  Mr.  PXrtridge,  mofical 
ioArument  maker.     Mr.  Eliza  Langham. 

At  Kidderminftcr,'  Mr.  Nicholas  Penn, 
IB  eminent  fnuff-manufa€turer. 

At  Tything,  in  her  31ft  year  M«-  H«n- 
Mh  Bray.  ' 

At  Malvern,  Mrs  Francis  Wilfon. 

At  SLeltwocdy  Mr.  Brown,  an  opulent 
|<irmer.  * '     •   . 

'  MONMOVTRSHiaE. 

ZXr/.J  At  Uikj'in  his  85th  year,  the 
lev.  Richard  Vaughan  NOrman,  re6h>r'of 
LUulowcll,  vicar  of  Llaotretfaint,  Magorand 
Ridwick,  and  juftice  of  the  peace  for  th« 
county  of  Mouttouth.  -  > 

REREPOIDSRIRK. 

iJW.]  At  Hereford,  Mrs.  Margaret 
Snalima.],  nUftr-ifs  of  the  charity-fchoai  in 
thft  city.  Mifi  Woo<lc43cic,  daughtcr.of  t^ 
*cv.  Francis  Woou'cock, 


At  Clifford  Court,  aft«r  m  Aoit  iUae&,  (ir 
Richard  Williaqisi  bart.  of  Goldnightoo*!. 

At  Suitmill^  Mr.  John  Smith.    . 

AtYorkhill,  Mrs.  Patrick.  This  family 
exhibits  a  Angular  tnftance  of  loogevtty. 
The  deceafed  was  in  her  85th  year.  Her 
hulband^  who  is  ftill  living,  ia  90.  Hit 
brother,  who  refides  in  the  fame  parifli,  is 
03 ;  and  the  wife  of  the  latter  enjoys  perfed 
nealth  at  the  extraordinary  age  of  99. 

At  Cotmore,  near  Kingih>n,  foddealjr, 
while  eating  hU  diiufer,  Mr.  Lawieace  Ste* 
phens. 

At  Lymfliall,  in  the  sytli  year  of  his  age, 
Mr.  Jofliua  Thomas  Driver^  late  furgeraof 
t)ie  Rodney  Baft  Indiaman. 

CLO^rcXSTXaSHIRS. 

MfrriedA  At  Chalfoid,  Mr.  Monkhooic 
Tau,  to  MUs  Hunt,  daughter  of  Mr.  Hoot, 
of  the  Brades,  near  Birmingham. 

At  Henbury,  Mr.  H.  J.  LlewdliB,  ef 
Briftol,  to  Miia  Hudfon,  of  the  former  pbce. 

At  Briftbl,  Mr.  Samuel  Price,  to  Mils 
Ann  Jones.  Mr.  Charles,  foap-boiler,  igej 
35,  to  Mrs.  Witt,  aged  70.  Mr.  Trevclyas, 
to  Mifs  kevell.  Lieut.  O^onel  Georgt 
Duke,  of  the  s6th  tegiinent  of  infiuitry,  to 
Mifs  Emily  Freeman.  Mr.  Benjamin  Jeo- 
ningsy  to  Mift  Ann  Morgan.  Mr.  WilLam 
Browne,  to  Miia  Boetefeur. 

DiedJ\  At  Gioucefter,  in  his  S3d  year, 
Mr.  Samuel  Niblett,  In  a  very  advanced 
age,  Mrs.  Mary  Pauncefort,  the  laft  of  the 
very  ancient  family  bearing  that  name. 

At  Thombury.  the  Rev.  Wm.  HourcU, 
B.  D.  many  years  vicar  of  that  pbce,  an4 
one  of  theoldeftjuftices  of  the  peace,  for 
the  county  of  Gioucefter.  As  a  public  na- 
giftnte,  he  difcharged  his  duty  with  ability 
and  faithfulnefs  for  more  than  30  years. 

At  Wellfcote,  Mrs.  Prentke. 

At  Tewkelbury,  Mr.  Wm.  Ball,  Cxaftu^ 

At  Old  Sodbury,  Mifs  Chapp. 

Mrs.  Wfuttk,  of  Chorley. 

At  Briftol,  Mr.  Silcox.  Mr.  Richsr^ 
Smith.  Mrs.  Halifax.  Mifs  HaniuhUvy. 
Mr.  Lloyd.  Mr^  Fitch.  Mrs.  Coghlan.  Mr. 
George  Pfumley.  Mrs.  Norton.  Mn. 
Bowden.  Mrs.  Jones.  Mn.-  Broderip,  of 
Kihg*s.fquare.  Mr.  Gabriel  Smith  Bradley. 
Mr.  William  Foot.  Mts.  Rogcia.  Aged 
78,  Mrs.  James. 

At  the -fame  place,  Mr.  Edward  Skier- 
cliff',  proprietor  of  the  circulating  library t 
St.  Augiiftine*s  Back,  and  author  ef  tbe 
Briftol  GuideV  He  was  a  man  highly  re- 
fpeOed  for  candour,  ingenuoufnefs  and  f«ft- 
vitv  of  nanaers.  ' 

, '  At  hishonfe,  on  St.  MichaePs  Hill,  after 
an  illnefs  of  a  few  days,  'thomaa  Whitebciif 
ef^.  banker. 

'     feUCXXNGRAMSHTUK. 

Pied.'\  At  Buckingham,  aged  34*  V^* 
Patrick  O'Hagan^  -a  member  4>r  the  Bacit^ 
Ingham  troop  of  yeomanry  cavaky.  Hi* 
remains  wer<  interred  with  military iioootin. 

At  Jtewpott  PapieUi  aged  67^  -Mt^Wc. 


£ffix....Narfta^..Suflitk...Suffix....KtnU 


»5S 


Todcrtfood.  Among  other  charitable  legs- 
clesy  he  has  bequeathed  xooL  Xfi  the  Nor« 
tbuRp/oft  General  Infirmary. 

KSStX. 

Abeot  two  bVlock  in  the  morning  of  the 
l6th  inft^nt,  the  hoofe  of  Mr.  Thomas  Har- 
ris, of  B«rlcigb»  was  difcovered  to  be  on  fire 
byooeof  the  men  and  an  apprentice,  who 
alarmed  the  family,  but  too  late  to  (ave  the 
life  of  Mn.  Harris,  her  two  fons,  and  two 
daughters.  The  eldeft  daughtef  fortunately 
cft^  through  a  window,  whilft  the  (llu 
traOed  parent^  regardlefs  of  her  own  fafety, 
and  only  aasiottt  for  that  of  her  children, 
periAcd  with  them  in  the  flames.  Mr.  Har- 
ris WIS  abfenc  on  a  joomey  at  the  time. 

Mtnki.']  At  COlcbeiler,  Mc;  John 
iiBgwoodi  to  Mifs  Sarah  Whitaker  Wade. 

Ditd^l  At  Chelmsford,  aged  S6,  Mr. 
Stq>hens  Levitt.  And  the  following  day, 
aged  76,  Mrs.  Leritt,  his  wife.     Mr.  Scott. 

At  Cdlchefter,  Mr.  Samuel  Nockolds^  aa 
eminent  hat  manufa^rer. 

Mn.  Woodward,  of  Peering  Fraine. 

After  •  lingering  illnefs  of  feveral  years, 
Thomas  Selwyn,  efq.  of  Down  Hall. 

At  Springfield,  in  his  49th  year,  Mr.  Ri- 
chard Balls,  of  the  Three  Cups  publlc- 
hottfc. 

KOKPOLK. 

Mtmtd.']  At  Norwich,  Mr.  Peter  Co- 
lombine,  jnn.  to  Mifs  Bninton.  Mr.  Ben- 
jamin Bates  to  Mifs  Ofbom.  Mr.  Henry- 
Toll  to  Mifs  Gillman.  Mr.  R.  Bacon,  jun. 
to  Mifs  Norerre.  , 

Mr.  Robert  Bamham,  of  Banham,  to  Mifs 
Sarah  Kcddell,  of  Safaam  Toney. 

At  £aft  Watton,  Mr.  Richard  Yoftng  to 
Mifi  Aim  Lemon. 

At  Dift,  Mr.Sttfliim,  of  Finfbury  Square, 
London,  to  Mifs  Bacon,  of  the  former  place. 

At  FaJoenluuB,  Mr.  Jofeph  Redgrave  to 
Miis  Hennant.  Mr«  Thomas  Lamb  to  Mifs 
A.Johnfon. 

At  Holt,  the  Rev.  John  Glover  to  Mift 
Jconts. 

At  FonlAam,  Mr.  Quarles,  attorney,  to 
MifsLeafoid,  of  Ely. 

Ditd,1  At  Norwich,  aged  S8,  Mr.  James 
Hall.  Ag«d  6S,  Mr.  Thomas  Partridge. 
In  his  57th  year,  Mr.  Prior.  Aged  6a,  Mr. 
Thomas  Nelfon. 

At  Lynn,  Mrs.Selfe. 

At  Yarmooth,  in  the  lid  year  of  her  age, 
after  a  ferere  Illnefs,  Mrs.  Murgaret  Smith. 

At  Surlinghiro,  aged  51,  Mr.  Chriftopher 
Co0ey. 

At  Badon,  in  the  iid  year  of  her  age, 
Mrs.  Atkinibn,  wife  of  the  Rer.  Mr.  At- 
^nfoD.  ^    . 

At  Morllngfndy  i^ed  $4,  Mrs.  Mary 
WrigUt. 

-  Ac   yiTetJhallf    i^ed  63,    Mr.  Robert 
Holmes,  an  opulent  fimner. 

At  Lammas,  aged  19,  Mr.  Tho.  Colcby, 

At  die  family  feat,  at  Heydon,  in  the 
7}d  yott^of  her  age,  Mary  Wigj^ett  BmI^^ r. 
|^ifttfcW.Wif|«nBttlwer|  d4|«  ^ 


AtDifsHeywood,  aged  }!«  Mr.  Doggett, 
a  refpe^lablc  farmer. 

SVFrOLlC. 

ilftfnW.]  At  Lavenham,  Mr.Weftrop^ 
forgeon,  to  Mlfs^ary'FoiVer. 

DleJ.\  At  Bury,  in  her  50th  year,  Mrs. 
Hart. 

At  Woodbridgc,  the  Rev.  T.  Goodwin^ 
rector  of  Martlcfliam, 

At  Redgrave,  aged  73,  Mrs.  Barker. 

At  Biddlefton,  aged  iz,  Mt.  Tho.  Stevens. 

At  Hadkigh,  Elizabeth  Gibbons,  wife  of 
Thomas  Gibbons,  M.  D. 

At  Dalliam,  in  his  6Sth  year,  Mr.  Gfcoige 
Piflier. 

Mr.  Gabriel  Truflbr,  ofFxifton  HalL~ 

SUSSEX. 

A  very  fcvcre,  and,  for  the  feafon,  very 
nnnfual  tempeft  was  experienced  at  Lewes  00 
the  3  ift  of  laft  month.  Two  claps  of  thun- 
der, in  particular^  were  extremely  loud  and 
awful ;  and  the  lightning  that  preceded  the 
peals  fet  fire  to  the  fpire  of  Barcumb  church, 
the  flames  of  which  foon  alarmed  the  prrifli, 
and  affsmbled  a  great  number  of  perfons  ta 
the  fpot.  By  dint  of  uncommon  ezertioas» 
aided  with  a  plentiful  fupply  of  water,  the 
fire  was  at  length  fortunately  extinguifhed^ 
after  it  had  burnt  about  three  hours,  and  con-' 
famed  between  fix  and  feven  feet  of  the» 
fpire.  The  body  of  the  church  did  not  re-? 
ceive  the  flighteft  injury.  Confiderable  da* 
mage  was  done  by  the  ftorm  in  feveral  other 
places.  The  fwifcs  of  Hendfield  wind-mill 
were  driven  round  with  fuch  velocity,  tha( 
it  was  impoflible  to  ftop  their  motion»  aat 
the  mill,  in  confequence,  caught  fire. 

Married.]  At  Lewes,  John  Vernon,  eff|« 
of  Bedford-fquare,  to  Mm  Cranfton,  onii^ 
daughter  of  the  late  Capt.Cranfton,of  the  navy* 

At  Tillington,  Mr.  William  Biihop,  of^. 
Haftlngs,  to  Mifs  Sarah  Putricky  of  the  for- 
mer place. 

At  Steynipg,  Mt.  Woolgar,  aged  x8,  f^ 
Mifs  Longley,  aged  So.  Upwards  of  500 
perfons  attended  this  extraordinary  wedding, 
and  the  bride  received  the  warm  congratula- 
tions'of  all  the  elderly  ladies  in  th^  neigh- 
bourhood. 

Died.]  At  Ipfwich,  aged  11,.  Mr.  Tho. 
Brown.  Mr.  John  Cartct.  Mr.  Edward. 
Mayes. 

At  Rye,  Mr.  Waterman,  attorney. 

At  HorfliaiQi  Mr.  Grace,  tanner. 

XZMT. 

Married.'Y  At  Canterbury,  Mr.  Thomv 
Bifliop,  mafter  of  the  Golden  Lion,  to  Mifs 
Mary  Hodgman.  Lieotenant  Langley*  of 
the  Royal  Glamorgan  regiment,  to  Mi<9 
Arabella  Clafingbould. 

At  Ramfgate,  Mr.  Tames  Sharp,  toMI& 
Mary  Stock.     •  "^  .    . 

At  Preftoo;  near  Feverfbam,  Mr.  Joha 
Wifenden,   tO  Mifs  Sarah  Froft. 

At  Biddenden,  Mr.  Seaman  Beale,  to  Mlfe 
Ann  Witherden.    Alfo,  Mr.  WUlUm  Wim- 
(ett|  to  Mn.  A.  Oibournc, 
'  At 


J56  Surrey..,.HertforiJbir£,..,HampJbiri..uBeriJhire^  (fc^ 


At  Minfter,  Ifie  of  Sheppey>  Mr.  Jamfs 
Head  to  Mifs  M.  Leooard.  • 

At  Chathiiin,  Mr.  John  Eggier  to  Mrs.  S. 
Sharp.  Mr.  John  Wcejces  to  Mrs.  Margaret 
Pet tUbr.  '  Lieatenant  Mois,  of  the  Hereford 
Militia^  to  Mifs  Underidge.         # 

Ac  Margate,  WUIiant  Chefter»  efq.  of  the 
Royal  Navy,  to  Mifs  Peacock,  of  the  Man- 
fioo  Houfc  in  that  town. 

At  Afliford,  Mr.  William.  Joact,  of  the 
Koyal  Artillery,  to  Mifs  Sparrow. 

Died.}  At  Canterbury,  Mr.  Thomas 
£Ims,  maAer  of  the  Blue  Anchor  public 
houfe.  Mrs.  Young,  wife-rf  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Young,  a  diflenting  minifter.  Mrs.  Gauflon. 
Miff  Barham.  Mr.  Samuel  Holnefs.  In 
her  79th  year, 'Mrs.  Sarah  Frances.  Mr. 
Roufe. 

At  Lewliharo,  aged  .S9,  Mrs.  Hannah 
Bntterworth. .  ' 

At  Margate,  Mr.  Greenwood,  of  the 
Ciowh  and  Thiille  pubiic  houfe. 

At  Aihford,  aged  73,  Mrs.  Janneway. 

At  Rochefter,  after  a  (hort  illnefs,  Mrs. 
Lay.     In  a  very  advanced  age,  Mrs.  Smith, 

Died.}  At  Gravefend,  Mrs.  S.  Tucker, 
wife  ot  the  rev.  John  Tucker,  rc€tot  of 
this  place. 

At  Deal,  in  her  Sift  ytar^  Mrs.  Mary 
White.      . 

At  Dover,  aged  37,  Mr.  G.  Shaw,  cooper. 
Xn  her  S7th  year,  Mrs.  Suiannah  Broadley. 

At  New  Ronuey,  aged  55,  Mr.  Coatcs, 
one  of  the  jurats  0/  this  corporation. 

At  Charms,  Mr.  George  Hanifon,  fen. 
J  At  Bromley,  after  a  lingering  illnefs,  John. 
Booth,  efq. 

At  Upper  Rainham,  aged  73,  Mr.  John 
Ripley. 

At  Chatham,  Mr.  Ivet  Pankhurft,  quarter- 
mailer  of  the  (hip-wrights  in  this  dock-yard. 
Mifs  Sarah  Sugden,  fecond  daughter  of  Mr. 
William  Sugden,  chief  clerk  ofthecommlf- 
'noner''s  of&ce.  ' 

suaaST. 

Married.}  The  rev.  Henry  Wife,  tt&or 
«r  Charlwood,  to  Mifs  Porter. 

Dkd.}     AtVauxhatI,  Mrs.  Payne. 

At  Kenaington,  aged  94,  Mrs.  Stokes. 

At  Kennbgton  Crofs,  Mr.  John  Brown, 
ilpck-hroker. 

At  Chcrtfey,  -Mr.  M&rtin,  jun. 

HEIlTrOROSHIRE. 

Married.}  At  Whcathamftead,  the  rev. 
George  Bell,  A.  M.  to  Mifs  Sarah  Dovrbig- 
gin,  daughter  of  the  lute  Dr.  Dowbiggin, 
fub-dean  of  I^ncoln. 

Died.}  At  Brooknan^s  Park,  in  this 
county,  the  lady  of  Samuel  Robert  Gauf- 
fen,  efq.  M.  P.  of  Warwick. 

^  HAMVSHja£. 

Married}  At  Chilton Candoyer,  the  rev. 
Richard  Burleigh,  A.  M.  late  of  Queen's 
College,  Cambridge,  and  upwards  of  32 
year's  fe<5tor  of  the  pariihes  of  Candover  and 
Woodmancote. 

Near  Lyndhurft,  R.  V.  Gilbert,  e(q.  major 
oommandalit  oftbeNewF#reil  riAedrag&ojis, 


BEKKSHXKZ. 

Married,}  Mr.  Henry  Witheringtw, 
baker,'  of  Reading,  to  Mifs  Buihell,  only 
daughter  of  Mr.  Buflicll,  an  opulent  fanner, 
of  Crittonj  Wilt^. 

Died  }  At  Reading,  at  the  advanced  age 
of  88,  Mr.  Richard  Simeon.  The  accordtiig 
teftimony  of  two  geoeratioos  renders  any 
eulogium  on.  his  charader  fuperfluous.  Mr. 
Baker,  furgeon  and  apothecary,  of  Londoa- 
ftreet.  Mr.  R.  L.  Bacon,  grocer.  Mrs.  Ly- 
dia  Alexander.  Mrs.  Simnaonds.  After  a 
lingering  illnefs,  Mrs«  Ward.  Mr.  Ciatt- 
welL    Mrs.  Lydia  Speakmao. 

On  his  pafTage  to  Liibon,  the  rev.  WiUlam 
Goddard,  redor  of  Weil  Woodhay,  in  this 
county. 

At  Brimpton,  after  a  lingecifig  iUncfs, 
Mr.  Arunddl.  *■  . 

At  Long  worth  park,  aged  86,  Mrs.  Jane 
Payn,  widow  of  the  rev.  Francis  Payn, 
A.  M.  late  redor  of  Swerford,  Oxon,  and 
dean  of  Jerfey. 

At  Clewer,  in  his  66th  year,  Mr.  Wd* 
liamCook,  miller. 

At  Woodley,  in  his  39th  year,  Mr.  Ri- 
chard Elmby. 

WILTRHIRK. 

Married}  At  SaliOMiry,  Mr.  Darby  \a 
Mifs  Chambers.-   Mr.PerrytoMiftCoortney, 

At  Hungerford,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rowlinfoa 
to  Mifs  Shrimptop,  of  Mvlborough, 

At  Donhead,  Mr.  John  South  to  Mift 
Cater. 

At  Stourton,  Mr.  John  Child,  liisen-nia- 
nufadurer,  to  Mifs  Nicholas,  of  Charlton 
Mufgrave. 

Died.}     At  Salifi>ury,  Mrs.  Stone. 
-  At  Hungerford,  Mr.  Henry  Blake,  of  the 
Red  Lion  inn. 

At  Devizes,  Mr.  John  Gamble,  an  emi* 
nent  ftone-mafon. 

At  Marlborough,  in  her  71ft  year,  Mr*. 
Orchard.  She  hid  been  confided  to.hcr  bed 
for  the  laft  five  yean. 

At  Britfordy  Mr.  John  Newman. 

SOMKRSSTSNiai. 

As  fame  labourers  were  Utely  repairmg 
the  Wellington  road,  they  dog  up  an  earthrn 
,  TeiTel,  containing  i^out  ftooo  fmall  filver 
coins,  of  the  fiae  of  fixpences.  Tbey  arc 
of  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Firft,  and  are  ia 
a  ftatc  of  high  prefcrvation. 

Married,}  At  Batlt,  Mr.' Samuel  Fylcr, 
to  Miis  Margaret  Amott,  of  (^ueen-fquore. 
The  rev.  James  Payne,  fon  of  the  late  rev. 
Canon  Payne,  to  the  hon.  Mrs.  Hyde,  daugh- 
ter of  lord  Francis  Seymour,  dean  of  Wells. 
Mr.  Cunningham,  c^  the  theatre,  to  Mlii 
Loder,  daughter  of  Mr. 'Loder,  mnficiao. 
Mr.  Jonathan  Harman,  to  Mifs  Moore. 
Captain  Whelans,vof  the  6ift  regis^nt,  to 
Mifs  Frances  S.  C.  Griffith.  Mr.  j^uarling- 
ton,  to  Mrs.  Gwinnefs.  Lieutenant  Colonel 
Hatton,  of  the  66th  regiment  of  foot,  to 
Mifs  Hodges,  eldeft  daughter  of  Jeremiah 
Hodges,  efq.  of  Appi-court,  Surrey. 

M 


t>orJftflnre„„DevonJhjfi.,.Waleu 


*5t 


Ar  thf  fame  place,  Mr.  John  Halt,  to 
Mrj.  M.  WilUaroS. 

Ax  VfdUy  Mr.  James  Bacon,  to  Mifs 
Bull 

Mjnied.]  At  Wayford,  Mr.  John  Framp-» 
ton,  of  Greeqham  Farm,  to  Mifs  Elfwood, 
Qt  BUcicdown.  The  happy  bridegroom  has, 
fur  the  hft  45  years,  been  in  the  conftant 
habic  of  paying  his  deirolrs  to  the  fair  obje£fc 
of  hli  affe^ions  regularly  twice  a  week,  in 
doiog  which  he  has  traveUed^as  a  pedcftrian, 
within  that  time,  little  le£i  than  17,000 
miles  I 

At  Moolham-houfe,  near  Ilminfter,  Mr. 
^^Iliam  Slater,  to  Mifs  Amelia  Waltington. 
Mz.  John  Cook,  grasier,  of  Rook(bridge, 
to  Mifs  Haynes. 

At  Chewton-Mendip,  Mr.  Lamorock 
CurtlSf  to  Mifa  Ann  Hippifley. 

At  jUDgfdon,  Mr.  Thomat  Psarker,  to 
Mifs  E.  Tucker. 

At  Sarrington  church,  Mr.  T.  Brookman, 
of  Sandford,  to  Mifs  Parktr,  of  Langford. 

ZW.}  At  B^th,  John  Gunning,  efp. 
F.  R.  S.  A.  S.  S.  furgeon-general  to  the  army, 
and  fargeon  extraordinary  to  the  king.  Alfo 
AKjor  Kekhtley.  * 

At  the  lame  place^  Aaron  Knight,  many 
years  head  hoftler  at  the  Mews  in  Avoup- 
ftitet:  after  doing  his  cuftomSiryiluty  iothe 
morning,,  he.  went,  into  the  hay-loft,  and 
Kdng  himfelf.  He  was  an  honcft  and  faith- 
ful fervant,  but  has  been  fuhjed  to  fits  of 
melancholy,  and  defpondency  for  a  confident 
ble  time.  He  has  left  a  wife  and  four  chil- 
dren. 

At  his  feat  at  Menford  Caftle,  in  a  very 
advanced  age.  Dr.  Pugh,   an  eminent  and 
fuccefsful  praAitioi^r. 
At  Winford,  Mrs.  Yorke.  ^     , 

At  Stanton  Wick,  of  the  gout  in  his 
ftomach,  Mr.  Jofeph  Sage 

At  Bjith,  Mrs.  Methold,  reli^  of  the  late 
£.  Methold,,  efq.  She  has  left  handfome 
legacies  to  xooft  of  the  chariuble  inftitutions 
in  Bath,  and  50I.  to  the  afylum  for  poor  blind 
perfons  in  Briftol. 

At  the  fame  place,  after  an  illnefs  of 
only  a  few  hours,  Mrs.  Tarry  iiaberdafiier. 
MiCs  Davis,  fifter  of  Dr.  Davis.  Mrs.Ka- 
cey.  In  an  advanced  age,  Mrs.  Sheppard. 
Mr.Ifaac  Matthews.  Mr.  John  Gent,  jun. 
apothecary.  Mrs.  Juliana  Mackworth,  filler 
of  the  bte  fir  Herbert  Mackworth,  of  GnoU 
Caftie,  Glamorganfhire.  Her  death  was  oc- 
caiioned  by  a  fevere  contuAon  on  the  head, 
v*ich  ihe- received  by -a  fall  from  the  vine- 
yards. 
At  Frome,  fuddenly,  Mrs,  Mlddletbn. 
Mr.  Jatnes  Turner,  fchoolmafler  of  the 
parilb  of  Keen,  near  Garton,  vras  lately 
found  drowned  in  a  ditch  near  his  own  houfe. 
He  was  a  very  ufeful  man  in  the  neighbour- 
hood, inil   fupportod  an  unblemilhed  cha* 


DeK6£TSHIKe. 

Married.^  At  Frampton,  Mr.  WilUam 
Saliibury,  to  Mifs  Jane  Lucas.  ^ 

At  Pitcombe,  the  rev.  WilKam  Frederick  ' 
Grove,  of  Melbury  Abbas,  to  MilsPounfettf 
of  Cole-place,  oearBruton,  Sometfetflure. 

DteJ,]  At  Ofmington,  near  Weymouth^ 
afler  a  fliort  illnefs,  Mifs  Wood. 

At  Weft  Coker,  Mr.  Abraham  Sandford. 

At  Odcombe,  whilft  fitting  in  his  chair^ 
juft  after  he  had  paid  his  workmen,  Mu 
Harris,  ftone-cotter. 

DEVONSHIXC. 

Married  A  At  Exeter,  Robert  Walpole 
Dudley,  e^.  of  the  Wiltihire  militia,  to 
Mrs.  S.  Grahame,  widow  of  Robert  Gra* 
hame,  efq.  of  .Morphie. 

At  Tor-Abbey,  Mr.  WUiam  Throgmor^ 
ton,  to  Mifs  Giftard. 

At  Plymouth,  Captain  Blrington,  of  the 
army,  to  Mifs  Colby,  of  Barnftaple. 

Dted,"}  At  Exeter,  Thomas  Hayman^ 
gent,  coroner  fortfaat  city.  Alfo,  Mr.  John 
Rickord.  Mr.  AlUftone.  In  the  74th  year 
of  her  age,  Mrs.  Elisabeth  Kennavay. 

At  her  feat  atCrofs,  near  Torrlngtea,  fSkit 
right  hon.  lady  Clinton,  widow  of  the  iate 
Robert  George  William  Trefufis,  lord  Clin« 
ton,  who  died  in  Auguft  laft. 

At '  Hall,  in  this  county,  Mr.  Charles 
Chichefter,  aged  76. 

At  Silverton,  aged  S4,  Mr.  Robert  Rowe* 

WALKSV 

Tb/ybZ/MMfff  Proclamation  y«r«  MvZTft 
INC  cf  WxLSH  Bakds,  ot  Mtdfioftmir, 
179S,  iviilfrtve  tk«t  tbe-ract  of  hards  and 
the  retigioH  iftht  Drmds  h  not  yet  extinS, 
"  In  the  year  1707,  the  fun  being  la 
Alban  Hevin,  or  the  lummer  folftice,  an  In- 
vitation was  given,  In  the  hearing  of  the 
country,  and  the  government,  under  the  pe- 
riod of  a  year  and  a  day,  with  protedion  for 
all  who  might  fcek  for  privilege  and  gradua- 
tion In  fcicnce  and  bardlfm,  to  repair  to  the 
I^ndon  Meeting,  upon  Primrofe  Hill;  to 
the  Chair  of  Glamorgan,  uponTyle  y  Gawl  5 
■  and  to  the  Chair  of  North  Wales  atCaerwys; 
where  there  will  not  be  a  naked  weapon 
agalAli  them ;  and  then  and  there,  in  the 
prefence  of  M.  Du,  lolo  Morganwg,  and  B. 
Glas<,  and  others,  Bards  according  to  the 
privilege  of  the  Bards  of  the  Iflc  of  Britain, 
to  deliver  and  fet  forth  the  judgment  of  the 
fefiions,  in  the  face  of  the  fun,  and. in  the 
eye  of  the  light,  on  all,  with  refped  to  ge- 
nius and  moral  condud*,  who  may  feek  for 
prcfidency  and  privilege.  And  alfo  at  the 
time  and  places  aforefaid,  to  pronounce  on 
,the  merits,  and  to  adjudge  a  priie,  for  the 
beft  TranOatlon,  into  Wei  Hi,  of  Gray*s  Ode, 
«*  The  Bardj**  and  telating  toother  matteia, 
according  to  the  rights  suid  cuftOm  of  the 
Bards  of  the  Ifle  of  Britain. 

TfT'tvyryn  erbyn  y  Rydl 
gie  Truttf  in  ifpcjitm  t9  the  ff^(frtd.^ 
ecoTtAKD* 


t5^  4gricniuiraI'X.eportt^c^ 

-:  tir%r^ivv,  *  *  AlKteifitBadi^,  tod  Sail  MuilMS,  »i4  Ul 
DavU  M^rttn^  cf<i*  ^ortrol^  ^ntcr»  ^ied  H«ime,  a^d  RouftcauV  ire  <fii*ijigtMfliLd  (pe- 
at hU  houTc  i^^E^inbur^^h^  on  bacurday  the  cimeiw.  Mr.  Martians  p^dUcdioa  for  Scot-  .• 
tQxh  iy(  Def,clBstr^  i797',  *lr.  M»niii  fm  land  is  ««fiiy^Jccouiitod  fer»  h!^  "Anoablc 
iorn  at  A^iftruther  in  f  ife>  ud  recefved  t^^  tareats  end  n^reft  relatiooi  reTtded^  there;  ' 
education  of  Kis  early  years  fronv  his  father,  iii»  attaclimcnt  to  the  tDetrq>9ii&  >»ai  lefleo* 
Mr.  Tahn  Martin,  a  man  of  a.  moft  refpcda*  «d  by  the  fcatR  of  hk  wife*.  In  t T^j,  he  left 
He  charaOe/,->a*^  very  ingenious.  In  vcrf  London}  and  fioce  that  Hme  ^as  enjoyed 
't%ly  Ilia.  Mr.  Manillas  gsojua  for  .drawing  much  reputation  and  fi^pceilia hit  f«ofeIli«H 
dlTdi^red^tu.-ii^y'^procxued  him  the  notice  ^f  and  it  is  un^eriidi^allovedi  thaUw  Stot* 
^6  nelg;hboarirrg  ^cutlenaen»  and  latroducej  ti^  '^^^  ^  appeire^  of  fufcriori  if  of  eqnl 
him  to-th«,  au^uaintanoe  and  friendniip  of  abiliti^  . 

Mr.Ramfay,  late  painter  to  niT  Maj^fty.  .    The  CoBfftcf^  of  SPur>  9i  her  houiie  Lf 

tVith  Mr.  XUmfay  ne  we,nt  to .  Aomc^  Jm  Galloway.  .  .-  ' 

fcfided'Ih  that /chool'of  tHe  arts  about  thr^^        At   tNindec,     Mrs.    ^auUa    Elizabetli 

^.    .  jftars.    During  the  period  of  Mr.  Ramfay*}  W^ght,  wife  of  James  Wright,  jun.  eff. 

^'    >/       ^!UJbt&  iamtj  and'\vline  £c  was  painter  to  d^ughternof  colonel 'IX  drnphell,  and  grctt 

\  /  '  •         Qifi/oyal  iamllyy  Mrl  Mattix;  ^as  his  friend  gcaodHkiighter,  on  the  maternal' (id0^  to  tht 

\^;  and  ufelul  aiUIUnt.   He  did  not  confine  himl  fate  loidl^Bkeby^archhilbopof  axOBShrfrc. 

"t^  it\f  CO  the  pencil,  which  was  employed  no(-  She  Is  greatly  regretted  by  all  her  frieiidi 

4a  portraits  only,  hut,  Occationajly  on  other  and  ac<iuuiitincey  wW could  jnttty  appre> 

ftudiel :  he  fre^uenl^y,  4Snufcd  himfelf  ai  ao  ciate  great  fenfibiihxj,,  a^igh  CtoU  of .  pro* 

injj^aver   and    worko^'ln    raewocintc^    of  .  priety, /raoknefs,  integrity  of  prwiple,  sod 

Midii  hii  SununetXvenlag,  and  Kttins  of  indcpendance  of  fpirit.      ^         . 

<Hi|^i  »>     .■■  ■"     ■  mil    ..*.•■■■■,•  \    .    .  \  '   .      '..         '.         *^ 

.'  "  AORICULTURAL  REPORT  ro;il  FEBRUARY,  17^«.       -  * 

^t}R  |iccottnt9  from  th^  more  northern  diftrids  Aate,  that  notwtthftflnding  the  Aroft  nA 
h\\%  of  fnow  dnring  this^mootSi,-  the  openriohft  of  toe  hafbandtnan  hiaft  net  beeo 
»«ch  retarded.    In  general,  farmers  l^ve  been  bulily  employcdlii  tutning  fftet  tbdr  wi> 
tcr  laUowB,  or  |n  f ropQiing  .their  landr  ft  barley  and  oots. 
'  .  From  Wale^'  tf^)  >Vc  ii^d,  that  toe  late  changes  intht  weather  hiv«,  ill  maii^  Rfped), 

Wen  favourable^  fpealcingof  tiioiV  diftrida  in  the  TicinkyAf  thetlvcr  Wye,  <str  rt^Oittr 
•bfervea,  that  the  heavy  rains,**  the  torrents  from  the  mountains,,  and^e  fre%aefit«od  us* 
commoh  overttowingt  of  the  Wye,  dqrfaig  the  winter,  have  fpread  o.  cheap  tnaatue  over 
^e  meaftw«,./w^ch  hasb^en  inelloved  by  the  warm  wither  that^cUed;  and  as  the 
pn^ice  of  flooding  is  univerfally  attended  to  in  this  oountry,  there  is  perhapa  fcafcely  a  bit 
•    6f  paftur^,  aH  arouml,  erpecially  in  the  itallics,  that  ..is  not  confidenbly  enrichod.    The 
wheat  cropi,  t)f  which  ^lone  any  conje^ures  can  yet  be  formed,  loolccd,  belbre  the  fifoft. 
very  fine  and  promh'xng;  and  the  confidenble  fall  of  Tnow,  by  which  the  froft  was  uibered 
in,  wlU  probably  contribute  rather  to  tlieb  benefit*  than  injury.     In  other  parts  cf  the 
kingdom,  we  alio  find,  that  the  wheat  crops,  efpectally  on  dry  loams,  in  general,  appear 
Yell  t   but  that  on'  ftrong  wet  clayey  foils  they  are  not  f»  promlffng. 
TuRYiiPS..  Thcie  'roots  have  continued  to  (Mnd  the  winter  extremely  well.     In'moftof 
,  |he  dillrifts  north  of  the  Tay,  this  crop     feems  to  hsve  fiuled.*        -   '• 

;   Ga.tix.  The  markets  ke<»p  ftill  rather  on  the  decline. 

Wheat,  on  the  17th  Inilant,  averaged  thmughodvEng^nd  ind-WaieB,  491. 6d.    Barley, 
26s.  I  Id.    and  Oats,  r6s.  .9^  per  quarter..  •     .•      ( 
X.       '  Mz  AT.  This  continues  pretty  much  the  fbmc  as  In  onr  laft  Report. 

^  In  Sm ¥TH rj  £  L  p,  oi>  the  aoth,.  Btef  f<>ld  from  4dd. '  to  5od.  and  JMaftM  from  .44d>  to  j£ i 

pcrl^ne,  finking  the  cfial.  «  , 

Hors.  Kentiih  Bops  fetch  frotiroo  to  xeSs.  bags ;  Tfromioo  to  xr&6».  pocJletBi. 
Stock.  Fat  ftocl^  ftill  coo^^ues  high,  hut  the  prices  of  lean  cattle  arc  laui^h  lower. 
Ho»sxs»  T^cfc  arc  ItUl  g^t'mg  ohcapc^.  '         .\    " 

-r: — '-^ -' \ . i-^^    ■  ?i"  I ^ 

•    .  '  '  ERRATA..  -.      - 

Inth«.yalttabl«  pap«r,  No.  27,  €it  ff^aghts^  p.  13,  L  aJ:,  for  vZtw  read  wat^  ^  14, 1  U 
forteir  se^^ott.— p.  z6,   i.  3^,for /owrrread  Votoct'.  *      ti' 

.  In  Mr.  .Richtet*t  paper,  No.  a6,  the'  firft  IWe,  lU  frinafal  means  h  wA?**,  fcould  Ust 
bees  tht.mnapU  by  tiuaitt  rf  %obi^.  In  th^  2  5th  line,  the  word  j^JJi^  *Hn^ttut«^  for  i*- 
f^ffibU,  In  p.  534,  col.  2,  1. 8,  frob  the  bbttom,  that  ftctjpgry  cwne&itm  ihould  blve  bccs 
ttatofyntctgiuywnntciiuu  .  ;•  -  / 

•  lA  p.  li^fi^^iy  t>f  tht^^ut  Ni^.bar^  the  head-line  •««  cifXMisTa,Y5**  is^'hy  ^t  atf 
licence  of  the  piycer,  in  its  wrong  place.  It  fhouli  be  vnderftood  as  preeedmg  the  fubu^ 
^uent  paragraph  4«fpcaing  the  «  ..ittflrf/fjifc  Gbfjsif."  '         ,  . 

.In  Mr.  tott*s  ?aper.  No.  45,  the  duration  of  theinnar  eclipft  ibottld  hcjll-  5QXQ;  Isftf^ 
«f  5.  and  wfujuaff  iailcad  of  uMfua:,  in  cheaccOuat  of  the  lolaur  l^  ' 


T  Hit 


MONTHLY  MAGAZINE. 


XXIX,] 


For  march,  1798- 


[Vo^.V. 


^  fie  Four  Fdums  tftbe  Monthj^Y  Maoakine,  wlHcb  mrt  iMw  ccmpletedt  nt^' 
be  haicm^i  if  am  Bo^lfilkry  fries  thirty  SbUBngs,  mmifyluiV^ouml,  or  any/h^ 
Kumber^trFoiume.mayl^badfifarMe.attbeiir^ifitrefftber     '  " 

•         >  _■  IF  I 

ORIGINAL  COMMUNICATIONS. 


TuheE^ltrefthihbiUbfyMagaMu. 

HAVING  undertaken   to   examine 
the  principles  cf  the  new  theory  of 
chemiftry,  I  wUh  to  excite  m  much  atten- 
tioo  as  pofliUe  to  the  fubje£t$   and  as 
your  publication  goes  into  the  hands  of 
all  lorers  ^  literature  in  Englaody  I  beg 
leave  to  niake  ufe  of  it>  in  oitkr  toftate^ 
in  a  general  way^  'what  appear  to  me  to 
be  the  flrongeft  obje£(ioiis  to  this  fyfteniy 
which  has  now  reigned  trinmphant  about 
tweiTe  yearSf  iftry  few  ncrions  be&ies 
my^f  being  advocates  for  the  old  dcc- 
fnnr  of  pUogiftion*     I    have   already 
publiihed  two  pamphlets  on  the  fobjcft» 
and  I  intend  to  continue  the  controverTy 
till  I  have  collefled  all  the  evidence  that 
ftiall  be  fuficicnt  to  decide  the  (|uei(ion  $ 
and  if  in  the  ifilie  I  lee  reafon  for  fo  do- 
ing»  I  fliall  publicly  acknowledge  my 
C'jnverilon  to  the  do^ine  that  1  now 
controvert^  and  (hall  even  take  a  pride  in 
6>  doine.     In  the  mean  time,    naving 
h^aixl  wMt  Has  been  advanced  bv  fome 
xcTj  able  advocates  for  the  new  ty^tnii 
in  anfwer  to  my  flrft  pamphlet,  I  tnmk  I 
am  pretty  well  apprized  of  alt  that  cin 
be  uid  with  refpe^  to  thofc  experiments 
that  are  ytt   before  ua*    But  in  thne 
ibmethiiig  more  decisive  maybe  produced. 
In  reply  to  all  that  I  have  yet  heard  on 
thefub^ft,  I  would  obferve, 

f  •  When  ametaJ,  vie.  iron,  isdiflblv- 
eJ  in  the  vitriolic  acid,  the  antipldogittians 
fey,  that  the  inflammable  air  which  is  pro- 
cuced  does  not  come  from  the  irtm,  but 
from  the  nvalerf  which  is  decompoicd  in 
tk«e  procefs.  But,  according  to  their 
tii«=ory,  water  confiits  of  two  principles, 
/  vJrogrm  ghs  and  Mjgeftf  and  therefore)  iiF 
the  hydrogen  be  lirt  at  liberty,  in  the-fonn 
of  inflammable  air,  there  ought  to  re- 
main aa  additional  quantity  of  oxygen 
m  rfae  ve0el ;  and  I  alk,  where  is  it  to  be 
♦'Hjriil  ?  They  fay  in  the  rij/jc  of  riic  iron. 
But  I  aotwer,  that  this  calx  exhibits  no 
appearance  whatever  of  its  containing 
uny  oxygen,  and  the  acid  attached  to  it 
vicU»  kfs  dephlogifticated  aii'on  being 
Monthly  Mag.  No.  XXIX. 


fvbjeaed  to  a  ved  heat,  than  ^  &me, 
<|uantity  of  the  acid  that  was  employed 
m  the  procefs.  And  if  this  c|ilx  Be  ajF. 
terwards  escpofed  jLo  the  belt  of  a  burning. 
lens  in  atmofpberic  air^  it  is  fo  far  froia 
makmfir  .any  addition  to  it»  that  this  air 
k  dinunilhed. 

It  is  acknowledged  by  my  opponents, 
that  after  the  folution,  tne  acid  in  the  vef- 
Icl  will  not  faturtite  more  alkali*  than  i^> 
wotdd  have  done  before.  Since,  then^  thii 
additional  quantity  of  oxygen  which  the 
new  theory  Xuppofes,  cannot  be  found, 
either  In  the  form  of  an  acid,  or  of  de- 
phlogifticated  air,  what  evidence  is  therp 
of  its  exigence  }  And  is  not  the  proba* 
bility  greatly  in  favour  of  the  inflamlha- 
bie  air  coming  from  the  iron  rather  tbaE 
from  the  water,  and  that  by  the  loHi  of 
thtsorincinle  it  becomes  a  calx.  If  this 
be  the  caft,  metals  are  compound  Tub-* 
fbnces,  and  water,  as  hr  as  Ve  yet  know^ 
a  fimple  tme$  whertas,  according  to  ^c 
new  theory,  metals  are  fimpfe  fubltances, 
and  water  the  compound. 

a.  When  ftcam  is  applied  to  red  hot 
Iron,  inflammable  air  is  procured,  and  the 
iron  receives  an  addition  of  about  one  ha|f 
of  its  former  weight,  and  is  the  fame 
thing  with  what  thefor^e-men  in  England 
call  ffury  cimUrf  and  with  th&Jr^lej  of 
iron  in  a  btackfmith^s  fliop.  This  (ub- 
ftance  the  antiphlogiftians  fay  is  an  oxyde 
of  iroftj  fuopodner  that  the  water  is  de. 
compofcd  by  pamng  in  conta6l  with  it, 
t;idien(the  hycirogen  is  feparated  in  the  form 
of  inflammable  air,  and  the  oxygen  re- 
mains united  to  it.  But  I  alk,  what  la 
the  evidence  of  this  fubiVance  containing 
any  oxygen,  when  it  can  neither  be  in- 
duced 'to  an  acid,  nor  exhibited  in  the 
form  of  oxygenous  gas,  or  dephlo^ii^i* 
cated  air  ?  I  think  Uiat  the  addition  to 
the  iron  is  mere  water,  and  when  it  if 
heated  in  inflammable  air,  the  iron  is  re- 
vived, and  the  water  fct  at  libeity. 

Another  evidence  of  a  iblid  fubftancef 

like  this,  containing  oxygen,  is  its  oxy- 

|renating,  or  as  I  call  it,  dephiogifticat 

ting,  the  mariocf  acid.    But  thoueh  iliis 

y       '  fubftance 


x6o  InUre/llng  Chemical' LeiUr  from  Dr.  PrieJiUj, 

>         '    '  :3   ..  I    .  -uif!     .■ 

fubftance  U  ccmnplciel^  di(^Itlpd  m  tfcU  drawii  froni  the  lMpPfife^/<«a»)pfiSt^^/» 
ari4r.no  fign  ol  o«ty^«(Bation  appears.  wat«ff»  vU,  iVom  4^n(9^ifli€;i|fx(>'tM 
Ipdeed,-.  fome  very^  (lig;h^  figiu  barely  fiaimn»bk  air  buiTwod  in  a^ttt^jM-opw- 
pevcelvabi^,  iidmetlmcs  appears  on  the  ib<-  t^oi^  U  tach  dhic-  I  ^V«  W^ir^H'^i  ^^t 
lotioasf  icalf  of  iron,  to  whkh  <b«i.ng  when  thefe  tiMtro  kin4sof  ^ir  arefoedto- 
f«CQ)«(i  in  thtf  opfn  «ir)  it  i«f  pcobabk  gct^rp  thcyprodu^  eij^ber.  t^uiii^rous 
that  a  ixnail  Quantity  qf  o^g<^n  toMj  a4<*  4ici4»  o?  pUo^iftif  at«4  air»vrhif  Hit^lciiewo 
liere-  But  it.  tbi«  luoali  (fuantity  be  de*  to  be  c«pabUt  by  4r<«(l^>€AtH<^  Qi^fom- 
veleped,  I  ai]^  why  is  r¥>t  more  dif^-ing  nitrous  acid  #•  Wl^n^he  i^flamna- 
covered,  when  more  was  pidtnt?  Xlt&  bji«  air  »  in<^  than  6iSii^ent;.^;fcu:^ 
agent  is  the  fame,  and  it  has  much  mort  nitrous  acidj  tl)e  phlogAfticated  ^ir  ii 
matter  to  aft  upon.    '  pi-oduced. 'TbisI  deraonftrate^by.&iog 

They  fay  that  this  Hncry  clndrr  is  a    the  two  klndl  of  air  in; a  «l9^  ^be  ^ 
partial  oxyae  of  iron,  anJ  common  r/^  of  glafs  or  copper* 

^-^A  a  compkte  oxyde*  But  ilncc  iron  To  this  say  «pponai^  lp.T«'P|>j^ed, 
ifeceites  a  much  greater  addition  to  its^  tlat  when  I  produce, any  aKi4s  '^  w^ft 
weight  by  "bccomm^  finci7  cindtr,  than  huirc  com*  from  the  d/rqomjK^io^^A^.  lU 
by  being  conVeited  nito  ruft,  and  all  the  phhgjfiicateii  fiir,  which  I.  had.  iio$  been: 
aiaditlon  is  allowed  to  be  ppre  oxygen^  carchil  to  exclude  in  th«proccfir^  But  I 
the  former  ought  to  contain  more  of  this  ^i  coniideitt  that,,  in  my  Jail  i^Mi^od  of 
principle  than  the  latter.  Be/Ides,  finery 
^mder  is    incapable  of  becoming  rufl. 

She  contrary,'indecd,  is  aflertcd  j  but  let 
e  obibrvation  of  (he  faft'  decide  between 

I  farther  obfcrVe,  that  when  any  folid 
fubftance,  confaining  oxygen  or  dcphlo- 

f'  ifticated  air,  is  heated  m  Inflammable 
ir,  a  quantity  of  fixed  air  Is  formed,  by 
the  union  of' tKe  oxygen*  from  the  iiib- 
fiance  and  tlw  inflammable  air  in  the  vef- 
fcl.  This  is  the  cafe  when  minium  is  re- 
rived  m  thefe  clrciimftarices,  but  not  To 
when  finery  cinder  is  ufcd,  nothing  but 
^nttr  being  found  in. the  vcllel.    Alio, 


making  the.expcvinientjtncrc  was  not  tht 
leatt  fenilble  quaatity^of  ph^gjfticatcd  aif 
prei'ent,  and. that*  in  all  tins  ^s,  th? 
acid  produced  was  a  huiidr^  tiipes  <nore 
than  the  phLogifticat«d  air  could  ha?e 
formed.  Wh«ncv<;r  their  il4me  bumeJ 
llrongly,  fo  as  fo  enfure  more  de(>hlo- 
giillcated  air  than  they  wifhed,  the  wattr 
thvy  {H'oduced  was  not  free  ic^m  acidity^ 
and  whenever  it  was,  they  fcu.nd  a  lur- 
plus  of  phlogifticaled  air,  ^mJiiich  agrets 
with  my  experiments*  , 

That  dephlogilticatcd  and  inianusibk 
air,  uniting  in-certain  clrcuiaftaiKresy  can 
,,  ,    form  phlogifticat.ed  air,  I  have  ihcwn  JR 

when  ir6n,  or  any  fubftance  containing  Several  procef^s.  Infkramable  air,  tx- 
phlogifton,  is  heated  In  depHlc^ifticated  poled  to  mil  of  iron  con£ncd  by  mcrcun, 
air,  fixed  air  is  produced.  This  the  an-  becomes  in  time  wholly  phlQgiAicattd 
iffWbgirtians  fay  comes  from  the  f>/umba*  air,  and  the  ruft  is  convtrUKl.  intfk^i'M 
^0  in  the  iron.  But  the  pliunbago  in  the  po^uiftr,  which  no  doubt  is  the  fame  thit^ 
BTon  employed  is  not  one  hundredth  part  with  plumbago.  Thi!*  fubftance,  thm- 
of  the  weight  of  the  fixed  air  produced,  fore,  isL  iron  fuperfatuialtrd  with  pkki- 
if  the  plumbago  could  be  fepaiated,  and    gtfton. 

decomjpofcd,  in  the  procds,  which  it  can-  .  On  the  whole,!  am  aslaf  ^^everii  om  (<  i- 
tiot,  ing  any  evidence  of  either. the  CQHipoilLkft 

That  fixed  air  may  be  produced  by  the  or  decoinpofition  cf  watery  but  onlht  cea- 
nnion  of  dephloglfticated  and  ip^aKona-  trarvf  much  and  veryiAti&i«£laiy.eTidence 
ble  air,  I  farther  prove  by  heating  tog?-*  againft  it.     I  write,  hoffeiler» -with  » 


there  is  a  copious  prodijclion  of  the  puivft    chemiftry.     I  am,  Sir,  'your>,  .firr. 


fixed  air.  TKJs,  however,  1  am  infiincd 
toy  appohcpts  deny .  With  mt-  tl*e  cxp«* 
Hft^nt  has  never  failed .  Let  others  jjudgc 
betw^n  us.  IF  this  be  iht  l'a£^,  h^^c Is 
i  copious  produjftLon  of  whajt  the  anti- 
JJhbgrftians  call' the  xarlf/iif  adJ  without 
Any  cartfone,  which*  they  fa^fi^ihe  only 
iburceof  it,  .    .' 

But  the  argumeiu  which  n)y  oppoAveats 
urge  vAth,   the    greateft    con£dfciice,  is 


J?^r.3o,  1797* 


.,7«  ike  ESiict  of  the  MuAhlx  M^gaxx:* 
sig, 

WHEN  I  wrote^ny  nblrAf  Jan.  i, 
i79g,  (whicii  .jKni  «4i!itBd  m 
your  number  6or  that  auanth)  I  bt^  bcc 
mdicd  l8m^r^{icouVtfaBfdM.aaKliai^i: 
letters  5   neither  had  ycur  cortefpanuar 


Dr.  ^d4^i  cirih^NiirPMtJcHL-^Jirel/b.lkdJaBs.  i6f 

IjdnBLAxa.    For  the  fhijn^  by  which  complainKl  that  Mr.  Evavs  would  not^ 

thcV  twit-'brougllt,   hid-  hot  arrive^U  comply  with  fomeSjianiih  etiquette  previw 

BftMe  Olios  Mr.  SCOTT  feni  mc  a  oufly  to  hisfettingoutonhisjonmeyr  in- 

copy, '  tequcfeog  I  wou^l  reprint  the  deed,  I  had  often  fipard  from  mea  of  obfcr* 

Jetton,  in  ±nf  poblicatiom  which  I  might  vation,  that  he  hud  not  a  fuffici«it  know- 

b=  preparing  on  the  fubjea   of  nitrous  Wgcof  mankind  to  balance  bUentcrprif* 

acid.    BW'  I  have  (kite  ftceivcJ  from  il>^  eDtkniiafm.     Thele  remarks  J  makt 

Mr-  ScOTTr  imftniaions  h/u/frtfi^wk^  witbo^tknonnitg  the  c^^ntenti  of  hh  letter, 

hefir^j  about  the  effeS  ^  hatiing,  as  he  is  A  copy  of  wlucb  I  fhall  certainly  fend  yoti 

JIM  'fiitiaflcd  with- his  trials.    This  rt-  the  firft  oppottunity,  wiA  fqme  itutber 

iraaatibn^   together  with  remarks  ox»  comments  upon  the  fubjcft/' 

Jdine.mtt^ial  points,  vill  appear  in  iht  £xmtdof  a  fecond  letter,  da^  the  30th 

{joll€4it)n  novr  in.the  prefsj  iorit  is  too  of  Dec. ^797. 

btc  (in  conftqtitnce'  of  what  has  hw^  *'  {n  my  iaft  1  gromifed  you  a  copy  of 

4)ublirticd  here)  to  iupprcfs  the  mnai-ks  John   Evans's  letter ^    but  the  whoI« 


re  tbt  nitrous  bath,  asthc  author  wiihed 

I  am  afraid  the  colk^ionjof -calls  *vill 

be  a  few  Wwtks  loiter  ib  appearing  than 


being  rather  a  crude  compoHtiony  and 
rathtr  long,  I  ietid  yoii  the  fiiblUnce  of 
his  report,  inohich  has  been  pubiiihed  i« 


J  give  itafoft  to  expert ^  A  coufiderabU  federal  of  thp  American  papers }  and  HI 
nuinlier  of  communications  are  printed,  making  it  known  in  Europe,  ygii  wijl 
Biit  fijrae,  which  were  promited  two  obHge  ievcral  of  our  friends, 
inoijth*  ago,  asre  not  yiit  oomc  to  band—  m  The  ideas,  which  I  fuggefted  in  mf 
and  r  cttiild  wifh  to  prcfent  ilii»  public  iaft  letter,  on  tlie  fubjeft  of  this  miiTioni 
with  arefpeiQable  body  of  faAs.  I  find  I  iHll retain.  I  wa^  always  doubt^l  of 
by  mv-jctJrrefpbHdenc*!  in  America^  th^  the  exilftdiee  of  ff^eick  IntHans  $  but,  in 
they  iiave  boen  employing  nitrous  acid  ^  opinion,  wc  are  left  in  the  daric.  as 
there— •<  ^dth  %mn^us^  brt,  for  the  mofi  much  as  ever,  in  reipeft  to  their  exi<t4rnct 
^flr/,  HjuUh  good  fuuefi^"^-^  -hope  we  ©r  non-cxiftencc-  Thofc  who  have  a(i 
Iball,  eii-Joog,  iocv  hsx^  far  thts  and  jgrrted  that  there  aie  liich  a  people  maf 
i\\t  oHicr  i'ublhwices  newly, brought  into  jiavf  equal  4:red it,  in  the  icaJe  ot  proba. 
quellicfi,  aie  ulcful — ^that  we  may  ufe  bability,  with  thofe  who  only,  by  iupe?- 
tiierp  {0  far,  and  uo  farther.  ^  £ciaj  relearch,  doalare  they  canoot  fihd 

I  am.  Sir,  with  good  wiflies  /or  the    them.    Evans's  acrouht  is  very  lamci 
incfcfs  of  ymu*  exertions,  yours,  and  to  jne  app^jrs  doubtfuL     We  may 

iV;-T^7^  ^793.       THOMAJiBiLPDOBs.   jujow   more   abont  it    hereafter;    and 
II  I  -  Ihouldl  heir  any  thi ng  farther,  I  Jhall  not 

I'aU  to  £oimr<umcate  it^ 

<<  After  .Ainimeratin^  his  difBddtles 
und  fuffeni^s  on  Ihe  ^fifiii^ppi,  wbicli 
have  Wen  already  pdbliihed^  Eva14^ 
g«res  a  flioit  account  of  his  journey  ^ 
the  MliTourL 

«  InAugiift,  1795,  fays  he,  I  ft^rt^ 
i^omSt.  Louis,  in^ompatiy  with  Jaua's 
Mack  AY,  commandant  on  theMiC- 
iburi  j  and  wintersd,  theihme  year,  with 
the  Mabas  txstioa,  on  the  laid  rt^er. 
Whllft  here,  i  fpent  twenty- five  daya 
with  th^  Indians,  on  tlicir.  hunting 
gi'ound,  and  then  i-eturned  to  poft  Mahas» 
where!  tarried  two  months, 

■'*»'  I n  'Febniaiy ,  1795,!  recommenced 
nyj  journey  weftwaid, and,  at  the dilV39ce 


7s  the  Editor  of  tie  Montbjj^  M/tga^dne. 


SJK, 

TliUB  foilowing  is  an  eKtraSlof  a  4et- 
jter  from  my  corrcfpoiuicnt  at  Phi- 
lacldphiat,  nefjidcling  a  late  attempt  tp 
pciHrirtte  to  tke  WeT/h  UManSy  ^a.ed  the 
ftiiof  December,  1797- 

"  1  wa*  in  liopes  to  have  had  it  in  jny 
power  CD  communicate  Ibmetbing  fon- 
ccmingJOHM  Evans-  Dr.JOKfis,  01 
Lower  I>iibUn,  has  received  a  letter  from 
him  a  few  days  ago.  I  have  £*iit  two 
iatt&A;afoF-a  c<w  of  ity  but  it  is  not 
yet  eonoe'co^  lvind»  I  underilai)^  that 
E  VAST* lias  netuiiicd  to  Kentucky,  wlth- 

«it  finding  Kis  bjscthreii-  ■  I  wasappre-    _^  ^ _,  ^ ^,_ 

heTiiiii'e  ot'his  mlfciu'riage)  Sat.  judge  oj^  300  miles  fcom  the Mahas,  was. difco- 
TuasER,  on  his  asrival.  in  this  city  •viiFeii'by  fmrtehottilc  Indian^,'  called  the 
la(t  rpiing,  infof  wad  me  that  Mack  ay,  Seau^.  ©eingobliged  to  retreat;^  J  agam 
the  aftidg  partner  in  the  MiQounCcmi-  returned  to*  the  Muha$^  but  in  June  folr 
p^ny,  had  returned  toSt-Xouis,  finding  lowing,  MiWettook  the  fame  route,  aiid,in 
the  a^donr  Judinns  in  a  hoftilt-  pofltion.  :  Augullj  ait ivcd  atfthe  "NJandaiis  and  Big* 
J*^'(*hmg  wasi-tlictt  mentjoned  of  E  v  .vn  s ,  B-elly  nfetfon, '  3  oO '  leag;uei  from  the  M a  - 
iarthd-  Ih^'ibaA  the  judge  £aid  the  cons-  has,  and  6oo  leagues  from  the  cp.n^u^nce 
amdJtaBtof&iiLauisvina'iettcrtohlm,  oftKeMldbUHwi^KflieMiinili^pi;..  . 
..:  .  ..'V.       .•  :       ..^-   .•  .'       T'i    '    ''-'■  •.    •'  -  •    '^••«  The 


1«t 


Welf^  ^'hXati^^BTivi^  in  itt^lMt^. 


SM'Xouts^  tilkverfifo'itid  fanhpbdiitHWl' 
mdandorsdirov^  finemeadows^  v«s  itkvd. 
«lktfti&let  rke  -r^doMor  BotftBdi*  )»  6mnr 
tilel  veto  eighteen  fliiles  in  hrcHdiiB*  The 
rS^fiffbmetimies  glsdetaldn^  the  kills  dn 
eachfid^^  but  It*  geneni'ccrarfb  istoil^ 
(buyt  of  the  |>knKr  for  40b  kaguet  k  ii 
ivil  ^  litde  ifiaiyivy  aa^'rtceitm  ver^' 
ionfKlth  able  (Irearaf  abof  e  R.  'Platte^ 
X90  leagues  frdra  6t.  Louis*  Pnuri  fhe 
jffiiicaitdthe.M^ndtntf  ^vhicll  iaiaboiil 
ZJ90'  leaguesi  it  hts  ferood  its  Way>  ai|d 
t«at  li»3«ui)y  thiOH^fh  n?oiintBiBt  ind 
lulk  f\iU  of  v^.  ' 

f<  Haviu^  explored  smd  ta|cenadiarr 
pf  the  Mt£i]n»-iNr  iSoo.  milei,  I  ce4 
fttiticdwicb  itft^mpid  cuhmr,  in  ^9  doySf 
|»  ScLeuiSy  July  15,  1797^  after  being 
{ibient  nearlsF. two  yean,  i  was  well 
receiTed  by  .tha  /fipaniih ,  offiacn^  vho 
fff«flingly  IbliGit^ meto  undei«akc -ano^ 
&er  advcnause^rofe  tl|e  contincntvto  the 
p'aeifiF.  .•>  .  • 
.  <<  ih  i«%eft  to'.tbe  /F#^  ladtkau  X 
laFl  dnl^  tocinSonn  yoo^  that  I  oouM 
iiot  aMit  ^mth  ^ifcb-a  people;  and 'from 
'  i^  ]fl«e^(axiife  I  .have  bad  with  Indiads, 
j|:tMn|lat«  ^s^tai  4*9^  I  think  you  may  with 
fiifety  infbim.  oar  friends^  that  they  have 

aoeociAcnce^        

\.  ff  The  applications:  madbvto  nei  jby 
ahttr  goYarnmcnty  incvent  my  eomtng^at 
pzaient'  ta  Philadetphias  ikoiild  I  accept 
af  the  o£fec*  k  wtU  bo  fome  dine  kefoite 
I.fecyBU.:^.    ,    .       .•.,>.;" 

Sig/^dt  ^*  JoHft  Thomas  £van8^i>  * 
-«  T&:3|ibiove  14  the  sefi4t  pf  tH<B  ca^cdix 
tion  anikntdlpen  .by  Ev^iNt^fiwhieb  ^a 
aanounpei  to  take  plaee  fibout  ^ye  veaEa 
«go>  and  ai^fompanied  by  ^omfctopui? 
znents*  upon  which  the  hope  oOdtwi^ 
insikmn  In  *  great msamt.depenfled. 
The  aboveaocountadano^f  xpIain-cMriy 
«ahy  ^  vj^N9ji±itfnpd  fimnrba  proitttn^art 
ttoned.  by  bim^  i^hl^y  iaafll  Ul  the"  t^ 
fanitttioa  nficiared«  k  ihait  of  the  (jtiia*- 
(k»tt  a&;ned  ior  tha  pe0plf-l^-waa  ii> 
ieaachoiC/  Youvh  &c.     .  .  M^aiM, 


r^  rj5r  E£^t  of  Of  m^fi'W^lni: 

A  LT^OWSH  ti6  'mini  can  |«w*  ea. 
Xx^SrJy  ftriVe  than  i  db,  to  obey  the 
ipoftoifc  'Injimaibiiy  **XWp  peacd*ly 
with  Wttieb,"*?  yef  thcffe  is  oyi^f  rrfpc^  % 
which'!  ratilt  with  the  d»raftea^fcart'<^r 
iftis  nation,  'ajrf  *have  HJldom  faffcf  -  fot' 
tev^al.ypars  6f  hixll^,' fo  Opfpbl^^rie  of 
thcpO}Sfiveh\^tfbTifif^?Bnni6'f.  f  aHti«ffe 
now  to  tfte  Sfate  totterV,  iiwfiiijrhfbclc 
of  pppo^jSqli  h'  tSk.    I  e^ideaybur  i^ 


l«Hiiada^(al|^kiy^M^ 
thole  who  thklt^'they.  WDold  .liM 
luck,  .abfavoid:  baytnetickrti^or  iiifn* 
of  tidketi  ^'and'alehottgfetlik  beoMblinei' 
If  flying  in  die  faoei&nhat(gov(aniKiit 
whiehhaty  iniittwifikmi;  bar^rfkdiad- 
canxTuaiiaed'this  fdieme  of  fiaaos^^yot- 
I  hpe  hitherto  oontrhred  tffVbsotm&a 
clear  of  pnhtihmtnt,  becxufe^jjuonga* 
there  are  many  clau^s  in  tke  ad*  whidi 
canHitotes  '  and  app<»flts . -^I : btkery^ 
Hiere  is  not  one  which  cbinpeVi  ^sta 
pnrphafe  ttciiets;  (n*  my  oppofitka^ 
therefore^  I  p|o(^  fecurem  attd^/wfatt 
k  nioret  I  ai^fiirly  $  for  t  netfor'jxpett 
my  annaal  admonitions  iifthi£i  at  die 
clofc  of  the  dn^^g..  Ttiere  arc-  t«o 
fcafona  wny  f  a£l  thus  r  Hrft,  thatil  raif 
not  feem  fa£tiohs  or  inridk^us^.andy &• 
condly,  becanfe  at  the  end  of  a^ktter^^ 
I  find  maay  pecfens  incKned  fo'tdcQ  my 
adrice,  •  wha^  ^t  tht  ■  beginlnng  o^  % 
v(^uld  iiot  Mien,  to  rhe^' 
'  Btit  whyy you  wUliay,  ami  ib'faofttte 
to  lottevfea?  I  will  anf^  krfew  Nvords 
-^Becaiiie  .I.'oace  wai  ^(^launatti  aad 
from  that  time  had  to  date  the  iaiferi« 
fnAn:which  lamTecdverin^  ioidy  b?  rtiy 
flow  degi^eft)  foe  {  (hppofe  i-ntedaot 
telf  yt>u,  that  a  war  is  ^  l^ry  unhdalthy 
time  ferpck-fons  recovermg^man  lofTesia 
trade,  it  is  a  bad  thne  to  pfik  vpy  a»  wa 
hy^^lt  is  like  knding  axonflaaptiTQ 
pair  of  lungs  i^to  a  fliarp  air,  or  carina 
the  agoe  i|i.  the  fens  of  LinteAnftkiiT. 

'  But  to  my*  fliary}  whkb  has  bctn  tk 
bivtiien  of  my  ibiig  for  ib  many  vaars. 

You'mim  know^  Sir,  that  I  begm 
life  in  the.hnmbk  capacity^of  at  ttry 
n%aaUIi  tailow  phajidkr^  m  l¥hit6 
chapel,  and  carried  on  for  fome  time  s 
.  yery  fimg  teatie«  fieidea  fkmifies.aflil 
chance  cuiidniers,  I  fiiniiflkd  two  bof- 
pifcais  ;i|nth  'paaldle^*  and  frf cjuentl)'  lai 
the  t^onmirto  .throw  light:  on  tfie  isant 
lub)^9;  of 'p^tkal  fpeculatbnv  which 
yterf  agitated  in  a  neighbouring  .-^biic* 
houfei  IvHwas  wtait  dn  then,. Sir,  ex^ 
aifVly  z%,  the^!  ihotddodo^  '  My  \ithfh,  if 
not  'great^  wnecettfiin  f  •  aady  vpoa  die 
Word-cif .  a  .tailaW^chandkr,  X  d|N:krt 
they  were  hiaaieft,  for  I  made  itnriiktQ 
fttck  :tp  tha  Mtmde  |rife,  and  *afcy«r  it^ 
MA  ax  Chrifhaal  tb  giae  nyr  chftoiars^ 
noMda.it^  hift^lg^ta,  in  or4i^  tofteit 
thttn  Jasv^K^j^  ^wAgiftliltetfaeif  maAcn. 
Aa  aa^politics,  J ' went  nhtia  jotiktkr 
fiian  theDaily  Adtcrtijnr  tm§olwtdfHt\ 
and,  like  a  good  fubje^,  Ikadahetn. 


cohntvy*.  ej^iallf  whkv  tfky  «««  1 
Sr;(i^'h*to  ffquiteilr  ^^jqf^iraikifi 


Mmkypmrn  Prix^mittL^JLviie^.: 


^ifrtMrS  tte  n» m^buflMiky  ai«  wife 
o^i  aivLif  iBt]r' bttfihefe  ceIM  me 
nws  hfltno^'  vtei^''  wmftt  nt  beiiuid  tw 
CDi]atciV'^Q9[^*'^'3itteiiicune  as  injiof*  I 
Js^  btt  mod  Urw^tf  and  a  boy  to  eaf« 
ly  p^ftait.  My  twtr  chiuh^  had  got 
ivdrifhodia^  as  'was  tkougfat  proper  ror 
(bcir  tt^e^ti0itt«  1  intended  my  ibb 
t6  fiiccd^  4K  SB  fottfincA^  axidy  as  for 
my  dnt?hter,  *ftie  irould  have,  node  an 
excdienflJipufe-wife^  which  is  tit,  in  my^ 
bomble  opinion^  thit  tnukefiMn*s  datiglr- 
tsrs^ugli^t^  bu..  I  paid  all  |arifli  rates 
vitbnieafiiit;'  and  firMpstnih  offices  fi> 
honedfy,  that  I  do  not  think  I  eat  tn<m 
Uian  two  cbUdrtn  in  aU  my  tune,  which 
is  ^yin^a.gnbt  dfea}.  As  -to  amitfi*^ 
meius^  vns  aeVer  defined  the  expenfive 
otics,  .Ifow  snd  thenj  hi. very  fine  wea- 
ther>  IwoaidtreatmyiamiJyto  Sadlcr*s 
Welis^  or  Barnaby  Spa,-  bat  as  to  trips 
by  fca,we  never  went  tardier  than  Gravef- 
enifi  imd .  cairying  our  .o«m  piOYfibns 
with  usv  a^  commg  fiaci  by  the  next 
tide,  you  ravft  aUov  ail  this  tkat  ver^ 
mcderale*  . 

In  this ^Btapff  ftate  thfai^  vtaA  WL^ar 
icftnc  jtBM.  •  AU'  #aa..luu-fliin6  and 
broad  daylight;  ap, -aiK^  ^ood  broad 
humouc  at  hc|ht  with  \is,  Rat  happU 
ndV  wijl  hive  an  end;  There  :lre  many 
vpti  aaddowtti  in  lift.  The  devil  is 
Hrrcr  tired,  of  the  many  prudta  he  phyt 
us  poor  honeft  f^lfcs.  -  It  happened  om 
day^  Skf.'that  my  wife  eece^^  a  haAd- 
bill  about 'ibe  lottery,  wrapt  xonnd  an 
ounce  of  gseto  tea  which  ihre  had  brooght 
to  treat  'ne  curate  of  onr  parifli  with, 
Whar there  yn^-  m  thi»  wicked  bill,  I  do 
not  now  remonber,  b«t^  die  womtQ 
l^dcld  ^0t  rtk  until  Ate  YoA  Jbem^t  % 
ttcfceti  or  i  flats  of  dne  I  had  not  becb 
niod  to  contradidl  her»  iad  perhaps  the 
devil  miifht-endTrshitoMne  at. the  fanis 
ttntf ,  rfgi:  1  .'betinrc  he  generally  pr^rs  sr 
whole '|f;||ntly»  -Sfj^fen- he.ic±«*get'  themv 
The«titfket  ii^a  thought,  and  T  had  been 
happy^if  :ith&d  pro^-a  .blank,  but  la 
attwdfyfctit  Mias  pronomiced  an  ^tin.i 
ibed  noobd  .ptiasi.  A/(etondtieket  foiv 
low^tof  ^icomjir,  Tand  a  tWid;  aodM; 
Usee  tkeiotfoy  bad  sbnedrftvsiispp'I  ^«ai( 
maAfrfof  fin  thbtt0md:fmmd9'  fMStt^ 
mnitf:  :  Tkr  was. li^audl of  which  Jliese 
laiflbcmqitite'iBittid  rfood4y>o£/aihrfid.> 
milyibi;<i^«nd  ge&8fath>ns^  J^MBed(. 
jindecd^.iiortt'  a.  pwt  maiv .  .^tfainit  :ci^ 
hetodfadaiidrs^V.:..,:  f.  .\  ^  M  ,'.'n. 
*  BiiD  :d)iib5tbrs.^a^he  h^gkidilg^hf 
(crr9w» ailldiKvik;/'  My.wi^  w/^rA^ 


aod^mdioF;  and»  it:<sUByiSrik^. 
vice  i  bouriit  the  ticket,  fte  took  the 
nHiale  mem  of  oixr  Aicceft  out  of  the 
hands  of  BaaM  Forhinfe^  and  infilled  thtt 
we  ihoald  laf  out  otir  xnontry  like  people' 
o£  hikaan.  People  of  fa&io&r  Thefk 
web.*'  her  :rery  ^onh  j  and,  ihe  addnlt* 
likewife,  that  &<  ma&  now  fee  a  little  of 
thewGiid,  andsoetannrpfioiem&and-mtr 
cbiU^eti  ai^er  her  owirifray; 

Would  you  believe  Itj  Sir.?  I  caftnot 
Iky  ihat  E  wav  wholly  agiinft  all  this, 
b^raufe  I  could  not  htlf  feeling  ho^ 
mnch  more  comfortable  it  i^  toh^e  five 
Yhoufand  pounds,  than  to  beiiaiiytoilintf 
to  idake  xsp  as  miny  hundreds  |  vhutX 
declare,  that  if  it  hid  not  beeir  for  thk 
monevy  I  never  dxould  have  thocrght  of 
beeornhxg  a  man  of  faihion,  for  I  had  ttae 
other  jxitioa  of  inch  at  that  time,  than 
that  they  wcve  perfona  who  reqtiin^  An^ 
credit.  But  to  proceed-^^-The  iirft  .ftev 
my  wife  took,  was  to  dif^ole  of  our  flock* 
in  trade,  and  this  was  eai)ly  done,  at  (hht 
Ibfs  of  a)xmt  thfee  hundred  pooi^dl,  for 
#e  wrne  tery  precipitate,  and  th<^  buyert 
knowmg  that  wr  coufd  not  far  teme**' 
fake  keep  our  dock  orr  hind,  relblred  tkf 
eaie  us  of  it  in  the  ^uteekft  v^ay  poffi- 
blej  and 'I  ihxy  truly  lay,  for  thefrft' 
time  of  my  life^  that  my  candies  vti:tt 
burnt  at  both  endv.  ThU  bem^  ovt-r, 
my  wife  difcovered  that  there  was  femew 
thing  very  penSicjoui  in  the  a!r  (rf  Whitew 
ohaptfl,  .and  determined  to,  leave  tfie 
place.  My  leafe  Iiad  fifteen  years  to  nm^ 
knd  I  Ibdn  got  a;  fieniBftc  i^ho  iiseefiH  to 
pay  ve  lefs  than  I  was'dhli^  tf  pay  the 
landlord  j-but  this  ^a^'no&n&rto'a  man 
who,  by  thefaW  of  hi:$  tfkdQ;  W.  add«l 
a  pmty  handfome  fum  to  the  dkftar&&vj^ 
t&mifaod;  .  •/•';.;;.    .'f 

i  AfierAtceheonfalmtidn(fop^l(ftxm4 
tlie  iH^ims  of  p^p^'  <^-  i^ion  come  very 
narara(tty):w0htn»f  a  hovtb  inonv  6f  tli^ 
flftets  near  Paltlce^VM^d,  bc^eiufe  ib'WA 
otUy  fcodl.  ^^0«r'Mitt,andwai  (b/e9i/rridl 
(as  my  w^ettiUtd  it)  to  thepi^yhoiifcs, 
and  the  ^iCIace  1  Sy  thitt^y^  will  feai-n, 
that  fhe  knew  JU^^AHiciuuf  ihe  centre  of 
thej)layhc^res  as  J|he  ^^d  abwit.  the  cir- 
cumferertcc  of  our  fortune.  '*fi  ^,  hcic, 
hp^evf^  W  ^^rjJsVf^f  ^,  ft  <Urcbvu<  ^'• 
luYM*  Pftfin  milcj  hjtujaUy*uicru£jb  J 

t^i^fe  jwia  llot  proff  C  avert,,  for  me  feiv 
^aru&;  rogmsiol'  wiCiftWjj^Cjj We  emplayr. 
e^-*ai  ^9ne^  ifo^er,^  wiji,  fiunifhed  '  u^ 


^flkufe^j;>^i 


j64 


Evils- frm  a  PrijiLE  in  the  Lottery. 


fit  do«rn  wxthoxit  a  caution,  which  de- 
prived tlum  of  all  eafe ;  and  tables  which 
were  fcrcened,  by  &r\€k  laws,*  from  the 
pi'ofane  toVich  of  a  naked  hand. 

Onr  d'ucoTcries  had  iiow  no  end.  We 
foui^d  that  tea  was  act  fo  huitful  to  the 
nen'es  when  drank  out  of  a  diver  tea-pot, 
and,  fome  how  or  other,  the  niilk  and  the 
fucjar  derived  certain  new  qualities,  from 
l>eing  contained  in  veflels  of"  the  fame  me- 
tal. I  had  faved  fome  pounds  of  my  bt  ft 
candles  fr^ln  the  general  fale^  as  I  thought 
I  could  ufe  my  own  goods  cheapet*  than 
h'l  bought  them  of  a  ftranger,  who  would 
'  of  courie  treat  roe  like  a  gentleman.  Bst 
Iack-a-day»  my  wife's  hmgs  were  imme- 
diately fo  afiefted  by  the  finell  of  the  tal- 
low, that  I  was  obliged  to  confign  my 
ware*,  the  work  of  my  own  hands,  to 
the  ufe  of  the  (eiirajits,  and  order  wax 
lights  in  their  place. 

Vou  have  now  fcen  jne  remored  from 
Whitechapel  to  Palace-yard,  my  ho  Die 
new  fum  idled  in  a  fafhionable  ftyle,  as 
handfome  and  as  vfeleis  as  money  could 
piBxhaie.  I  had  hopes  I  might  now  be 
at  reft,  and  enabled  to  purme  my  old 
plans>  and  was  one  night  ftepping  out  in 
ttrarch  •{  fome  friendly  public-houfc, 
where  I  might  fmoke  my  Bipe  as  ufua^, 
and  enjoy  the  luxury  of  talKing  politics, 
and  eating  a  Welih  rabbit,  bvt  no  fuch 
thing  could  be  perm  i  tted .  What  *  a  num 
€jf  n»y  ftanding  fmoak  tobacco  I  Smoak- 
jng  was  a  vulgar,  beaftly,  unfafliionablt/ 
vik  thing.  It  might  do  very  well  for 
.Whitechapel,  or  the  Tower  Hamlets,  but 
would  not  be  fuifered  in  any  gcKtccl  part 
«f  the  world.  And,  as  for  cht-efc,  no 
cbeele  ^as  £t  to  be  brought  to  tabic  but 
Panaefan,  or  perhaps  a  little  Chelhirc 
ftewed  IB  claret.  *<  Fie,  huiband,  how  . 
could  you  think  of  tobacco  and  Welfh 
rabbits  ;  I  am  abfolutcly  afbamed  of  yoiu 
at  this  rate  Vfc  might  as  well  have  been 
living  a<  Whitechapel.'' 

To  do  my  wife  juftice,  however,  j^s 
ihe  deprived  me  of  the  plealure  cf  fceir.g 
compskny  out  of  doors,  fae  took  care  to 
pit>vide  me  with  a  fufficient  number  of 
▼ifitors.  There  were  Mifters  and  Mif- 
trcffcs,  Mafters  and  Miflfes,  from  all  parti 
of  St.  Kfargarefsand  St.  John's  pariilies, 
n>ae  of  which  I  h&d  the  imallcil  previous 
atquaiataace  with ;  but  my  Wife  always 
maintaiined,  that  ic^infi:' company  ^^^  ^^^ 
mark  of  fafhionable  !i&r  and  things  had 
|>rocecded  now  too  tirform/rto  rail'e  ob- 
j^lons.  Indeed  onedayHrove  an6ther  out 
of  my  head,  andl  began  to  be  reconciled 
to  fafhionable  fife.  'Ithotjght  it  mighty 
plcifant  to  have  new  furnliure  .too  joci 


/«r  ufe,  and  new  acquaintances  of  no  ^Ct 
at  alij  to  driuk  wines  which  do  not  a^ct 
with  one's  ftomach,  and  to  cat  of  dilhtj 
which  one  does  not  know  the  ufe  of.  \Vc 
had  likewife  our  card-parties,  wlicre  my 
wife  and  I  foon  leai*ncd  all  the  fafbicmabic 
.games.  How  we  played,  I  {hall  not  fay, 
.  but  we  difcorered  in  no  long  time,  that  it 
vras  not  fVhifechapel  play. 

My  two  chikhen,  you  may  fuppofc, 
did  not  elcape  the  general  metauiorjiiiclk^ 
the  boy  was  difpatched  to  Eton  ichool, 
to  be  brought  up  with  the  chtldr-w-n  of 
oiber  people  of  fortune,. but  the  girl  mi 
kept  at  home  to  iee  /|^»  and  ^  precious 
life  vrc  led.  The  moiiiing  was  the  mnk 
innocent  part  of  it,  for  wcwerc  ti^c 
faft  aileep ;  and  yet.  Sir,  you  cannot  think 
how  dimcult  it  was  to  caft  o^  old  cui'. 
toms,  for  I  frequency  awoke  at  lix  or 
ieven  o'clock*  ai^d  would  ba.ve.  got  up, 
had  not  my  wife  reminded  me  that  it  wm 
unfalhionuble,  and  aflced,  "What  rout 
the  fcrvanti  think?" — Aye,  Sic,  andtvcfl 
fliCi  with  all  her  new  qi^ltv^  would 
fornctimes  difcover  the  old  leaven  o: 
VVhitcch.ipeL  One  night,  whcnalaJy 
iaid  Ihe  believed  it  would  rain*,  ,ray  w  :. 
anTwtrtd,  perhaps  it.mougit..  Anoth-^" 
time,  on  feeing  a  great  loan  go  to  the 
Houic  of  I^rds,  altiiough  £bfi  bad  vil:k 
her  at  th;it  monocnt  one  of  the  fifft  people 
of  ;faihion  in  the  Broad  SaD£biiaij,  th: 
exclaimed,  **  There's  a  goi" 

pride,  however,  >vill  hajrc  a  fall 
drandeur  muft' one  day  pr  other  expire  ia 
the  locket.  My  wife  was  now  (trized  %vj:a 
a  vtiy  ftiange  disorder,  the  nature  o: 
whl<;h  I  cannot  better  explain,  than  b? 
faying,  that  flic  loO:  the  iiic  of 'both  ir 
feet  and  legs,  andcQiildnotgooia'nilaj 
in  .a  cariiag^'.  This  was  the  moTe  ext.i- 
ordinaiy,  becauft;>  when  at  home,  or  cxju 
on  a  viitt,  (Ke  4U;ver  could  ilt  a  uilnutv  :\ 
one  place,  but  was  perpetually  riiniu:.; 
up  and  down.  She  tnrew  out  broi* 
hints,  tliercfore,  that  a  carriage  lantt  •*: 
liad,  and  a  carriage  tlicrefore  was»  pJ'^ 
cured  ;  but  mack  the  confcQUenCe^,  r>'*J 
fervants  were  added  to  our  tormcr  ii'ir- 
bei ,  To  be  furc,  eveiy  b5xly  pxthr  h^-  c 
a  coachman  and  footman,  *  One  biiil:  .» 
was  now,  to  uil*  our  homely  pluaic,.  *-  i» 
good  as  done/^  and  what  little  the  tu.iL 
left,  was  fuUy  occompliihed  by  a  yjuccj 
Brighton,  "and  another  to  l^unhridgt. 
'  Here,  Sir,  is  a  blaci  in  my  hilUrr. 
which  I  fliall  fin  up  no  otVrwik  than  i  y 
informing  you,  that  I  took  tlic  advar.carc 
of  an  Iniblvent  a6l,  and  by  tKeallirt«<r.  - 
oCfome  friends,  who  did  not  dcfeitric 
whcii  I  dcfertcd  thtm,  I  am  once  mo.: 


Fetfeilhn  of  the  Chir.,p  Government, 


X65 


pJcitly  cured  of  isky^violcnt  fit  of  gran- 
(kur.  •  I  aov.  now  endeavouring  to  repair 
my  al&irs  as  wUl  as  1  can,  boi  I  cannot 
liL'd  ray  h«ad  to  high .  They  ai  c  perpe. 
ta:Uly  aiking  me  at  the^club,  "  What  mv 
f  cthei-  end  oi'  the  town  tiiends  would 
have'  i'aul  In  fuch  and  fuch  a  caiV  ?"  and 
as  I  go  to  chitfgh  on  Simday?,  I  fpme- 
t:akr>  hear  the  neigbours  laying,  "  Aye, 
there  gocii.  the  man  that'got  the  priie/' 
Wl^crctore,  Sir,  for  the  benefit  of  all 
fuch  unfortunately  lucky  nien  as  ra^felf, 
I  hope  you  will  give  this  a  place  in  your 
Mugazin^I  ,1  am,  Sir,  your  very  hum- 
Ue  iervaiu,    .  David  Dip. 

H'kiUckapsI  filgh^flreit^ 
/kj»rft  10,  X798.  ♦ 


Fw  the  Mmtbfy  Mn^Man:, 

I  HAVE  been  lately  occupied  with  tlie 
pcntfiil  of  the  recent  accounts  of 
China,by6irGE0RGE  Stauwton,  and 
Mr.  Andersom.    Thefiril  is  too  vcr- 


There  is  no  myftcry.  The  plain  caofc 
19,  that  the  govemmeat  of  China  19 
founded  on  the  model  of  that  of  heatea, 
in  which  thv'ie  is  no  chuich  aad  Ititcy  no 
piTopeity  govemmeat.  •  ' 

Pray  explain  the  emperor:— 

He  indeed  is  no  deity,  except  in  power. 
He  «r/7y  be  a  tyrant  5  but  a  country,  ton^ 
taining  three  hundred  mi lliofiS' of  fouis^ 
i»  fo  wide,  that  hjs  tyianny  i$  compara- 
tively fmall,  and  f«?lt  only  by  ^  few  rich 
people  round  him,  a  few  ambitious  men, 
who  chufe  to  trample  the  /lippcry  ice  of 
fortune. 

Setting  the  emperor  afide,  I  fay  the 
government  of  China  i-efemWcs  the  pc— 
pctual  ariftocracy  of  heaven,-  in  that  ra.. 
dical  point,  tliat  it  is  regulatMi  by  MJNft 
onjy; 

It  is  a  mere  literary  goTfrmnent, 
in  which  the  ikilful„  (a  perpstual  aad  in* 
defeafible  law  of  nature)  *  condtt^  and 
gjiide  tlie  ignorant,  .     . 

Their  ibhooU  and  colleges*  inft«ad  of 
ripening  fools  into  eloquent  Senator:;,  or- 
pedaiitic  clergy,  arc  dedicated  to  inftruA. 


boic;    but  both  ai'C  intcrdling.     Some    ^^^^,^, ^^,  «.^.^.^««^.^ 

conliderations  naturally  arife,  of  high  im-    y^^tj^  \^  the  united  praai<;ai  fciencea  of 
m'rtanr«»  in  >itiTTian  focietv.-  mcuals  and  politics.   Am^  is  pfomotcd 


jrjitance  to  human  fociety 

I  do  not  find  that  I  liave  difcovered 
f.om  cither  works,  the  ftatc  of  pro- 
perty In  China;  though  no  topic  can  be 
rar^nr  intexiril'mg.  Are  the  edatcs  large, 
ov  fintll?  la  the  inheritance  firm  and  ic- 
tuie?  Thelc  arc  queft ions  not  anlwercd. 


m  exa«^l  pi:oportion  to  hia  merit  aod- 
knowJcdgc.  JThc  examinations  zu  pub- 
lic :  and  no  influence  is,  or.  can  be  ulod.  <  ^ 
•  There  is  a  rabbinical  fs^ble  o£  a  xt^- 
be]liun  in  heaven.  It>s  impoilibWv  Bure^^ 
incorporeal  mind»  mu(l  ieel  theii^  own 


We  only  know  that  there  is  no  hereditary,  grad.itions.-  Evsn  on  earth,  the  men  of' 
i.v'jfiiry— and  tliat  large  ellatcs,  if  fuch  gi^-at^it  genius  arc  always  the  moft  rao* 
fxjt,  can  beftow  no  fort  of  iniiuence,  or  ^j^^t  j  bccaule  tlu-y  are  mo^  con^wiu  of 
political  pow=r.  There  is  no  churcti  aud"  the  abilities  of  others,  and  of.th^irowa 
ihtt:  there  IS  no  property  government—  aeft-as.  An  angel  mult  fe^,  by  one 
Ya  f  have  heard  of  lome  diilant  coun-    jr^ance  of  iutuilion,  whetliej*  he  be  iaitfior. 


tri^i,  not  for  from  Teita  Incognita,  in 
which  it  is  ^id,  that  church  and  itate 
muft  ftand  or  fall  together;  nav'»  rfic 
citvgy  sjravcly  toaft^  Chxtkch  auJ^fiitte, 
while  tire   French  were '  content  with  a 


<u-  fupcrior,  in  the.  grand  progreflivc  fc»b- 
ofcxiitenctft 

In  China,  government  is  asi  it  o«^^- 
to  be,  ->^pvoyii)ce.  alloted  only  to  .TRtEi> 
SKILL.     A  man  proceeds.  La  pi^portton  ■ 


lefs  prejjoftcrous  order  of  words,  I'Etat    j^.  hi*  leafpingaiwl  jullice,  from  .a  fmall 


In  the  fame  countries,  it  is  faid,  that 
l-ropcrtyis  the  natund  and  jiift  found  a-- 
i^r.w  of*  power  ;  and  that  a  man  will  lerve. 
^■\h  country  In  proportion  to  the  itake  he* 
L.ij  in  its  wrifare.  Good  htSvcns  !  what 
i  jols  thcfe-  Chitiefe  are  ♦     Their  go vcrn- 


otHci:  to  a  greater.  A  Chinefe  will  laugk* 
n,e  th?  idf av ',  of  a  1  loi iiig  even  the  fue^ntdi:  - 
fhare  in  gov«i»m«nt  tq  a.i^aw'^lege  ftu».i 
deat,  or  4  templar-  .  •  .  .  -  ^.^  ' 
t  repeat,  tiiercforcj^  tihat  the  amazing} 
duia^ion  urth<!Chin«ii^  empii^,  jft  uni^,- 
va-iaicultiyation>4*»P««4o^»papulatiQp, 

T.ci.t  i;>  a  go\Trmmcrit  without  church  andr  unixampiird  iHoijperity  an<i  hai^^knais  o€. 

i^:.t.%  a  government  in  which  property  i^;  it^.i^aiiJiUiuiiti^it^i  ct^?t^mptofo*o^ 

a   political  typhfer— iiich  a  government   ^y^^^   i^^^^  ^'^    f^,^, ,  tvcry.  Uitpg,thff: 

Cannot  ibnid  a  doken  yoar^. 


It  has  ftacd  flirc'  tlioufand  year«  i  and. 
!.--,  ft.cn  nil  the  ttfCxtttui  cmpin:3  and  re-* 
r  .Mies  f  life  and  feH.  .  -  ' 

What  f $  the  cuufe  of  this  unaccdunt-' 


.  •  No  focei&n  copquci^.  has  over  aflTc^ed 
the  int*;r:i^l  gov;^rflmcnt  ^f  Chirta».be;cavfe 
ip.  is  /oundfdpn  MiKO,  is  regubr.as-  the  uni* 
venil  hvys  of^moraljty.j  iinmut*»l>*&3Lft  truth,, 
eternal  aj  (iaccrc. 

exact 


Mru  tf^iUir  om  Mrs*  LaMglnmCs 


»^ 


iMoBrmferfk^  2il  odKr4hiet» 

a^d  modcniirr-ftUy  all»  mk,  irooL  oae 
fiiBpiecniic» 

hsffiwritmeut  is  theexaa  nvirjk  tfmtfi 
Miher$t  ^iutfe  it  is  ibe  froviiue  rf  Mun  of 
letters  \  became  it  is  the /acred  prerpgatrue 
^MMHt^es^i  vMe mifi §tbers  are ahasi' 
dsuedlp  cmirt  isstri^uesy^  the  nuickedtufs 
easd  iffurance  oftmucf  rsui  aadfrtpertjf 
— ^^  fjgtrst  fometimes  called  *warriarSf 
fintetbaes  fiyUd  heroes-yiJiat  farvwrius^ 
here^ary  jbtpii&ty  ^  ^  jelmv  fever  of 
eomj0i^^-^ui^  f9rte  and  terrv-^emd 
the^worjl  of  all  plagues  iterverfe,  ignoramty 
frtfigate  tmntflers,  nvho  in  China  tumtld 
be  burned^  tf^bey  afpired  to  the  loweft  rani 

^Maadarins.  Z» 

»     • 

To  the  EMtor  of  the  Monthlj  Magaaane^ 

T  has  often  been  tbe  misfortune  of  the 
writers  of  travels  to  deceive  their  rea- 
ileriy  by  magnifying!  in  the  livtlinefs  of 
their  imagination,  the  objc£ls  they  cft- 
icribe ;  or  to  be  themftdves  deceived  by 
the  idle  tales  of  the  Ckcroui  in  Italy,  and 
in  other  countries  bv  ihofe  of  the  *oaUts 
de  place  who  generally  accompsiny  them. 
1  have  lately  met  with  two  infiances  of  the 
errors  into  wliich  the  trarcllcrs  were  led 
hy  the  univerfal  love  of  mankind  for  the 
wonderfiil.  Give  me  leave.  Sir,  to  cor- 
real them  in  your  intercfling  Magazine. 

Pretending  to  know  more  than  is  com> 
monly  known  in  England  about  the  hif 
tory  of  the  fo  juftly  fanfous  Mrs.  Lang. 
Baas^i  momnnent,  at  Hindelbank,  near 
Berne,  Dr. Smith*  attributes  its  orl. 
gin  to  fome  revengeful  feelings  in  Mr. 
T^ablf  thefcnlptor,  who  thought  hlmfelf 
difgraced  bv  the  painting  and  gilding  the 
fiunily  of  u'E- — »  had  caufed  to  be 
dabbed  over  the  Juperb  maufcleum  he 
had  ere^led  to  one  of  their  relations  in  the 
fame  church.  The  learned  Dr.  will,  I 
hope«  give  credit  to  a  native  of  l^rne, 
and  niece  of  Mrs.  Langhans,  when  flte 
aiTcrts  that  he  knows,  and  Itts  writt(% 
even  |X)ore  than  what  Is  commonly  known 
in  Switaerland»  and  in  the  familv  •f  this 
lady.  The  anecdote  with  whicn  he' has 
amuied  his  readers  is  as  fabulous^  though 
not  fo  much  lentimentali   at  that  of 

MAVBIlf. 

He  has  fei^^ed  that  the  (btoary,  while 
he  was  occupied  in  cre^ingu  fuperb  mo- 

^  Vol.  lit.  p.  176.  «<  tmr  m  the  Cgminat 
h  X786  and  X7S7/'  Uu 

t  **  TahliM  Hiforifw^  P^rniqut  tt  Pll/o- 
jMigye  dt  la  f/^Hfe,*^  f.  au,  Itttre   xs.  de 


to  vMuy  n 

pafionately  mii—iniit  «#  i» 
curate's  wile,  a.betstifiilw«mBiBthe 
pnme  of  fifv*  and  tnsty  a  deeply  oon- 
celned  witae&of  her  untioMiy  iemif  he 
thought  of  immortaiiaiag  at  woe,  his 
teademeTs  and  her  dcplonMe  6cr. 

Permit  me.  Sir,  to  contnufiA  thoie 
two  Aofiesy  etpnIJy  n^ooded  00  tnito. 
Mrs.  Lai^^ians  was  trulf  beaistiful,  tod 
of  the  moll  amiable  dilpoiition  \  but  the 
tender  fvmpathv  far  thegrkf  of  an  inccn- 
folable  huiDand,  the  unnmnaout  praycn 
of  a  flock  by  whom  the  cmate  ana  his 
wife  were  ibiceiely  beloved,  aad  who  re- 
warded the  labowt  of  the  aitift»  deter- 
mined, alon^,  Mr.  Nabl^  a  Prujfanfnd^ 
tor,  to  exert  his  great  takau  00  tlus 
mournful  occafion.  The  love  of  truth, 
and  the  tender  care  lor  the  facred  memory 
of  a  relation,  much  cAfccmed  and  re- 
ipccted,  prompt  roe  todefire  you  to  iulbt 
this  letter  in  your  Magaiine. 

I  will  not  attempt  a  dcfcription  of  t&it 
monument,  lb  often  given  inmanyEag- 
lilh  books  of  travels,  and  kouwn  by  a 
fine  French  print,  and  an  Eittliih  one 
after  it;  both,  it  mult  be  con£elfed,  gift 
a  very  inadequate  idea  of  it.  If,  men, 
ibme  amateurs  of  arts,  alter  the  readbg 
of  this  letter,  ai^  of  the  various  acconau 
of  travellers,  would  wilb  to  fee  its  on- 
^nal  model,  made  by  the  Hatuary  him* 
ielf,  which  is  in  my  poUcftion^  I  would 
Tcry  willingly  gratitV  their  curiofity. 

I  am.  Sir,  your  humble  fervam, 
Elizabeth  Wabber. 
No*  8,  Uomet-firoet^  Berkky-fiKare^ 
j^bDu,  1797. 

To  the  EStor  of  tbe  Mosetbly  iUgmkt, 
sia, 

BO.  m  anfwer  to.N.*squeilioA  rr* 
•  fpe^iing  what  h  meant  by  the 
<«  communion  of  fiunts,*^  ha*»  arttf  t 
proteftant  4ivine,  given  oidy  a  putial 
view  of  the  fubjea.  This  artideof  the 
ancteni  cKed,  referred  br  the  tiadicioa 
of  the  church  to  the  apoftlea  themielvrsi 
comprines  one  of  tbe  leading  dognauaef 
the  catholic  religion  9  ir  does  iMt  neniy 
expecis,  according  to  B.  Q/a  quntatioD 
'from  Archhiihop  Seeker,  <*  tbat,flo«)imi- 
ttion  o£  beoevol^cey  khid  offia$a,sinftnic- 
tioa,  and  edification,  which  Aoold  be 
among  all  good  chriftiaas  }f^>^lMi  u  ^ 
pointoi  the  orthodox cned^  oAmnMsti 
by  the  fatf^trs  of  <the  chm^eh,,  firther  im- 
pHes,  that  the  fiiithiul  on  eutl  conisra- 
nicate,  Or  aie  in:  coKunnnicni  with  the 
^angels,  and  ttHAH  nr  heaveif. ;  ft  has  is- 
deed  been  the  general  fedicfof  Chriiiw* 

from 


i(fAAfts.L  m  '£nquiiir^  tio.  XV.  «0 


lMKiBiMMftifdf%ang»I<^  a'teiet^r,  or 
t€anD^ii9t7bo£p9vnirtlpi(  prophifts,  imir-? 

tfaftr.  floa  <ifc^lDvy>  fttii-fpnipatbiie  iwitir 
the  faithAilWowj?uhder'dicir'mamfi>l^ 
Biodl  j  ftiMi  ti^»-'  a»a  comf ci  ttng*  thmx:  iii 
FsnoBs  «ai^bi^i>^eiUlliifpthcir))^ycrr, 
ani  iabhcti^iai^  foT'tliAir  with  me  &irin6 
najdljd  .  'f-    ••  i-  ;    '.     •'.•••/:■  '*  •_ 

'XiieMiiiinBiiiipn  tif:firiiDtsy  ynd  klftrthtf 
to«iw{ofit]ifi  incercmh-fe  which  fiibfiftn 
Wtwwii  -ifac  -ftimsrTjf  thf  trkifllfhant? 
]Ksni)l3r^«chujthi  and  hibBbttn  of  tht 
iaftft)g|likiireli,x>f  pitigatbty/'  anil-  thoft 
^  the'i^w3iHngi«lkiat''<on  atrtb,  .b  ex's 
piahMi^  an*  Uttbe  fkHie^itne-ieiifbited  aft 
ad  indi^enMle  ^icieof  Mi(ft*l»]^ tte 
faUowii  jp  deererttfrtlie  isaundirtif  l?r(bit. ' 
(^  IlRhdlfn£f^Kid  cboMaad*  ail  hifkops^ 
tDdatttQCttfrs^iia. havertls  dinj!|^imd 
tare  of  teacKcn^^  diiig^miytoinftrbf^the 
li«BiBhr»  %ifl^j'  eoncHnnn^  the  hitercef- 
feaiasd  mvocatfon  of  fBine^rand  co«u 
ceiiili]g»titr.«'hdfibunhgaf  reliqtteis;  ittd 
the  UmjfoH  uib^  of  iina^>'  accardmg  to 
tiir.p(ji6yce7oi!'  tAK^foatbDlic'auad  apo&dic 
ciui^h^lre'c(3ivtd  irom  the  j^imitive  ageA 
of  iChriftiajiftyvand^accdrcHtt^tothe  con- 
lcfit«tf^«hediD)y  facfors  tuid  the  'decrees  of 
d»hoCjr'^uiiciii  j'te^uihiog  theiti  that  the 
6mt«^iiOMrftlgvifitig>  together  M^fa'Cfarifti 
Hooffb*  their  Tfi^yerr' to  God  foi"  men  ^ 
tbcir it iai  'good  %n^f  pt o^tabl^  to  in irakc 
theiQ  *iiilth J  huiAbie  ii'npplicaxaon/'ttxid  to 
fl)r'fetf 'tM^  \pnkytv%j  'aid,  and  afliftance, 
for  th|f<  nli(?iiaii^  th«' faeAefiri  '4i  God^ 
through  his  fon  JWb«  Chefft,'  ottr  Lord, 
'^ho  isouronlTRrtWmerand  Saviour,'^ 

^WI|«*ir,^tHprefore;  to  It^j^Iftg  the 
'creed,  ferioiifly  profcffes  hit  takhin  the 
'^  oftwiiiwl^ioh  i'of  I'alhf&v^'-  tliiift'WIcfe 
«*«iy^<h«f«bo*c  fta{iftndnM'efji*a«%k, 
f)'.rtlme#Sfe»pIedge«l*lii«1)cl1«tU«V  t*fe  pit- 

^tf-iW^i^^y^Wiiich  ?^UIifl#rftibd;iiythfc 
't^ff4«l|tof '^ded  iehf4ft)ba^,'-1^A^ed  6fi 
fte«tfnifli<^to1^^ftcr¥lit<lRfS«^^;  ^'tHfc 

k\t^m\^dk\6d  iki  fhtf.  fame 'fitcrflininr^^ 
iitfil«r4li<(tiiltKoitiiy  of  l^imot^  ^ftMi9, 
#>»<<feiwfifel?'he^d^  the«|io5?5  t/ifcop  -rf 


Rome^  (iioetffi^r^'tf:  Se«'  Fetfi^  ifk^  of 
JifiusChcifl^ifMn  cactV^"'  - 

Your  torrefpondent  N.  in  .prDpofing 
bis  cp4-ftt«»9^IUdnin9habi}r  ibme'^ubts 
refpo^rng  the  coBSiteicy  of.  the  Eng4I/k 
church,  vvfhkh  obliges  its  memh^r^^  dmv 
ing  divnvi  Wricc^  i'otemly  to  repeat  tht 
CRtholic  -profeifioftof  isitl^  vod  yet,-  iR 
i^ity,  conHtmiWy  ornjedbs  ^>  ^priai* 
dpal  articles  of  it;  ' 

-  ft^.a*,4798.  -  lt;Kir» 

'-; '  THfi.ENt^yiRE^^  No.  XV. 
.  '     .  W^AT  u  Education  ?      .    , 

THE  other  day  I  paid  a  r'lBt  to  4 
gentleman  with  whoin*  thodgj^ 
preatly.iiiy.iupa^,iU,.fgrtunfe,  t  haVe 
long  been  in  habits  of  an  eafy  intiipacy. 
He  rbie  In  the  world  b^  hoiimirable  m- 
dikikry  i  arid.  majTinl,  rather.Utc  in  ii£p, 
"a  fady  to  wKom  he  had  berji'  long  attacb- 
pd,  arid  in  whom  centeird  the  wealth  of 
fti^eralexpinrig  faftjines.  *  Thwir  earneft 
wj/h  for  cbildfen  was   not  itniaedlately 

fVatified.  At  length  they  wyre  maclp 
appy  by  a  fon,  who,  frcfi)  the  moment 
he  was  born,  eri^rolTcd  all  their  caie  ahd 
attention*  My  hiend  received  me  in  ]us 
Jibiaj-y.,  where  I.  found  him  huficd  iii 
turning  ov^jr  books  of  education,  of  which 
he  had  colleclej  all  tliai^t  were  wortl^y  no- 
tice, ftom  Xenpphon  to  Locke,  and.  from 
Locke,  fo,  C^^tharine  Maciiulcy.  '.As-  he 
knowA  I  have  bten  engaged  in  tl\e  uufv- 
liefs  of  inftiuftio^;, .  l;e,dia  me  t,I?e , honour 


to^  cdi^ult;ne..qa  t^he  fubjeH  of  his  K- 
feaichcs,  Uojpingy  he  laid,,  that^  out  of  ijl 


i>  bdy  1 

.^cft_tiiatcoiiI;i  be  h^i'd,  and,to  fparc  nci- 

tlv^i:  pain^i  "nor  exponcc  in  rriaki^-^.rf^holr 

ichjrd^jiU.thJit,  was  gri  at  and  good.  T^ave 

!hifnj  niy/tllw);htis.  with  the.  ulr/.b'tl:  Irce- 

'.^p-y^.aiid  attsf  Iv«lHuiT.id.'hon:e,^tUrew 

upon  .p^p,'ii*  the  cblciyations  \\hich  had 

,0ccyr-rj!(}  ((ijnV.  .'  ..'..',. 

;    ;,Tlie^  f.rii  tbu^g  to  he.  confix! tfed^^w'tli 

're/ijc?t!'to  ^dvwralion,"  Is  ftTif  ^uject  gf  it. 

This  aupciirs  to  nie'to  irayebecif  generally 

jXilfui^ciJldc'J.'    .¥;(Ji;c:ii[k)rf, ■  i^ itj hv^cil 

fcr.lei'is  a  thhig  oi'^fitat  {co\'c  uiici  cxf c^t. 

I-L.ijKluJif*.  I^ic  vyi;vli-  pio.CL'.Vby  vvMcna 

l^Urn.hi  ^ciii^  is  r<j>rju-5i  tp.  Vc  rlhiit  V.c  is, 

"mhabiis, -p/mci^^ks,  .ai'diruljt.'vat'v'n  .of 

«V£xy»k4ndi--.But  Qt"«thi»  a  .very  i^^iU 

paiYis  in  the  paw«r  "even idF  ♦the 'parent 

'*    *•*  Atd^f^'df  iht  ChuftK  of  £i5iitand,;sa. 
Z  hiaiiiffj 


jii 


Tb€EniMtrer,iio.XV.    JTbdiis  E^uafmS 


bimfelf  I  a  fmaller  ftillcan  be  dirt^led  by 
pttrdia&d  tuition  of  any  kind.  You 
^gage  for  your  child  miftn's  and  tutori 
at  large  ralarics,  and  you  do  well,  for 
Ihey  are  competent  to  inltnifl  him ;  they 
will  give  him  the  meanSj  at  leaft,  of  ac- 
flailing  fcience  and  accompHiboMints ; 
but  in  the  buflncfii  of  education,  properly 
K>  called^  they  can  do  little  for  you.  Do 
vou  afk  then,  what  will  educate  your  Ion  ? 
Yqui"  example  will  educate  him  \  your 
tonverfation  with  your  friends  ;  the 
bufinefs  he  iees  you  tranfafl  ^  the  likings 
and  dillikings  you  exprefs )  thele  will 
educate  him — the  fociety  you  live  in 
will  educate  himj  your  domeftic/wiU 
educate  him  j  above  all,  your  rank  and  £• 
tuation  in  life,  your  houfc)  your  table, 
your  pleafure-^xjuDds,  your  hounds  and 
your  flables  will  educate  him.  It  is  no^ 
in  your  po^n«r  to  withdraw  him  from  the 
continual  inflaenct  of  theie  things,  except 
you  were  to  withdraw  yourfclf  trom  them 
alfo.  You  ipeak  of  liginn'mg  the  cdu  ca- 
tion of  Tour  Ton.  The  momtnt  he  was 
able  to  n?rm  an  idea  his  education  was  al- 
xseady  beeun ;  the  education  of  circum- 
ftances-^infenfible  education — ^whlchylike 
Inlcnftble  perfpiration,  is  of  more  conilant 
aAd  powerful  effeft,  and  of  infinitely 
nore  confeauence  to  the  habit  than  that 
which  is  direft  and  apparent.  This 
education  eoes  on  at  ever^  inftant  of  time; 
it  gees  onJikeiimt  \  you  can  neither  ftop 
it  nor  turn  its  courfe.  What  thefc  have 
a  tendency  to  make  your  child,  that  he 
will  be.  Maxims  and  documents  are 
[oodprecifely  till  they  are  tried,  and  no 
longer;  they  will  teach  him  to  talk,  and 
nothing  more.  The  c'trcumJlaTtces  in 
which  your  fon  is  placed  will  be.  even 
wore  prevalent  than  your  example  j  and 
you  have  no  right  tocxpeft  him  to  become 
wliat  you  yourfelf  arc,  but  by  the  liimc 
roeans.  You,  that  have  toiled  diiring 
youth|to  fet  your  fon  upon  higher  groined, 
and  to  enable  him  to  be^in  where  you 
left  off,  do  not  expeft  that  fon  to  be 
what  you  wrre,  diligent,  modeit,  aftivt, 
fiaaple  in  \i%  taftes,  fertile  in  i^fources. 
You  have  put  him  under  quite-  a  different 
tnafter.  "Poverty  educated  you ;  wtaith 
will  educate  him.  You  cannot  fnppofe 
the  relult  will  be  the  fame.  You  niuft 
not  even  expect  that  he  will  be  what  you 
ftow  are ;  for  tlwmgh  relaxrd  perhaps  from 
the  fevtdtyof  ytur  tiugal  hnbits,  you 
ftill  dorive  au vantage  from  having  formed 
A.m  ;  and,  iu  your  hcavt,  you  like  plulii 
dinners,  and  etirly  hours,  and  old  friends, 
whcntVer  your  fortune  wiH  permit  you  to 
ci^uy  them.     But  \x  will  not  be  io  with 


Fo 


jroUf  font  histafbs  will  be  %Baid  by 
yoxir  prefent  Situation,  and  in  no  degrte 
by  your  former  one.  3ut  I  take  great 
caie,  you  will  £^,  to  countera£b  theie 
tendenciesi  and  to  bring  him  up  in  hardy 
and  dmple  ma2uier&«  I  know  their  value, 
and  am  refolved  that  he  ihall  acquin:  no 
Other.  Yesy  you  make  him  haidy  \  that 
is  to  lay,  you  take  a  country-bouic  in  a 
good  ail',  and  make  him  ran,  well  clothed 
and  carefully  attended,  for,  it  may  be, 
an  hour  in  a  dear  frofty  winter's  day 
upon  your  gravelled  terrace ;  or  pei  haf» 
vou  take  the  puny  (hivering  infant  frca 
ni&  warm  bed,  and  dip  him  in  an  icy  cold 
bath,  and  you  think  you  have  done  great 
matters.  And  £o  you  have  \  yeni  havt 
done  all  you  can.  But  j?0«  were  fuffsred 
to  run  abroad  half  the  day  on  a  blesk 
heath,  in  weather  fit  axui  unfit,  wading 
barefoot  through  dirty  ponds»  fometimes 
lofing  yoar  way  benignted,-  fcrambling 
over  hedges,  climbing  trees,  in  periU 
every  hour  both  of  life  and  limb.  Your 
life  was  of  very  little  confequence  to  any 
one;  even  your  parents,  encumbcned  with  a 
numerous  rami  w,  had  little  time  to  indulge 
the  foftneflfes  ot  affeflion,  or  the  folicitude 
of  anxiety  ^  and  to  every  one  ci(c  it  was 
of  no  confcquenc^at  all.  It  is  not  po^. 
Able  for  you,  it  would  not  even  be  nght 
for  you,  in  youi*  prefent  fituation,  to  pay 
no  more  attention  to  your  child  than  was 
paid  to  you.  In  thek  mimic ocpeEimenis 
of  education,  there  is  always  fomcthing 
which  diftlngulihes  them  from  reality  | 
ibnie  weak  part  left  unfortifi(xi»  for  the 
arrows  of  mibfbvtune  to  fiiKl  their  way 
into.  Achilles  was  a  young  nobleman, 
dk>s  Ackiileus^  and  therefonr,  though  he 
had  Chiron  for  his  tutor,  thf  re  was  one 
foot  loft  undipped.  You  may  tlwow  fay 
RoulVw-nu  ;  yoty  parents  pra& iced  without 
having  read  it^  and  you  may  read,  bat 
imj[>c-rioHs  ciriumflances  farUld  you  the 
pratf^icu  of  it. 

Yciu  arc  llnfible  of  the  advantages  of 
fimplicitv  of  diet,  and  you  make  a  point 
of  rcilricting  that  of  your  child  to  the 
plaineft  food,  for  you  are  nriblved  that  he 
ihall  not  be  nice.  But  this  pla^ji  ibcd  i& 
of  the  choiceft  quality,  pnepauDd  by  your 
own  cook  ;  his  huit  isripeae4,frDm  yc«r 
wall^  ;  liis  cloth,  his  gJaiZes,  .ail  the  u* 
comjpaninicnts  of  the  tables  .are.  iuch  as 
are.ouly  met  with  in  familtet  <^' ofmience; 
the  very  lervants  who  attend,  biiti  apK  neart 
well  dieHed,  and  have  a  certain  air  ^f 
fafiiion.  You  may  call  tliisfiOiplicitT^ 
but  I  fay  he  will  be  nice,*  tor  it  is  a  kind 
of  fanplicity  which. only  -wealth  c»n  at- 
tain tQ|  afid  fvhich  Mik  ^^^0^  ium  to 

fee 


The  Enftttrer^  No.  XV.     ^at  /V  Education  ? 


169 


V  diMted  it  all  comason  tables.  Be- 
fides,  lie  wQl  from  time  to  time  partake 
of  (hofif  delicacies  which  your  table 
ibounds  with  \  you  yoyrfelt  will  give 
him  of  them  occafionaliy ;  you  would  be 


come  Tifitor,  That  authority  which  er« 
fends  its  claims  oyer  every  a^liq^y  and 
even  every  thought,  which  uififts  upon  an 
anfwer  to  every -4nten^gation,  however 

...  indifcrect  or  oppfreilive  to  the  feelings, 

vnJcind  \{  you  did  not  5  your  fenrants,  if    will,  in  young  or  old,  produce  fabEchoodj 
good  nattired,  will  do  the  fame.     Do  you    or,  if  in  fome  few  inftancca,  the  deeply 


think  yon  can  keep' the  full  ftream  of 
luxury  running  by  his  lips,  and  he  not 
\29it  of  it  ?    Vain  imagination ! 

I  would  not  be  underftood  to  inveigh 
agiinft  wealth,  or  againft  the  enjoy mfents 
•fit;  they  are  real  enjoyments,  and 
allied  to  many  elegancies  in  manners  and 
in  tafte ;  I  only  wi(h  to  prevent  unprofita- 
bte  pains  and  inconfiftem  expe^ations 


imbibed  fear  of  future  and  ujakaown  pa- 
ni/hmcnt  flwMild  rcftrain  from  dire6l  ^alle- 
hood,  it  will  produce  a  habit  of  diffimu- 
lation,  which  is  ftill  worle.  The  child,  tlic 
Have,  or  the  fubjeft,  who,  on  proper  oc- 
cafions  may  not  fay,  "  I  do  not  chufe  to 
tell,'*  will  certainly,  by  the  circumftancet 
in  which  you  place  him,  be  di'iven  to 
have  recourfe  to  deceit,  even  ihouM  ht 


You  are  fcnfible  of  the  benefit  of  early    not  be  countenanced  by  your  example. 


rifingj  and  you  may,  if  you  plcafc 
make  it  a  ppim  that  your  daughter  (hall 
retire  with  her  gorernefs,  and  your  fon 
with  his  tutor,  at  the  hour  when  you  ajnp 
preparing  to  fee  company.  But  their 
flrep,  in  the  firlt  place,  will  not  be  (o 
iwett  and  undiftra-bed  amidft  the  rattle  of 
carnages,  and  the  glare  of  tapers  glanc- 
icg  throui^  the  rooms,  as  that  of  the 
viflage  child  in  his  quiet  cottage,  pro* 
(efted  by  fijcnce  and  darknefs3  ami,  more- 
over, yoii  may  depend  upon  it,  that  as  the 
coercive  power  or  education  is  laid  a  fide, 
they  will  in  a  few  months  Hide  into 
the  habftudefi  of  the  reft  of  the  family, 
srhofe  hours  are  determined  by  their  com- 

Cy  and  fittiation  in  life.  You  have, 
wver,  done  good  as  far  as  it  goes ;  it 
k  ibmething  gained  to  defer  pernicious 
habits,  if  wc  canz>ot  prevent  th«m. 

There  is  nothing  which  has  io  little 
(Kare  in  education  as  direft  precept*  To 
be  convlaced  of  this,  we  need  only  rc- 
Heft,  that  there  is  no  one  point  vw  labour 
more  to  eftablilh  with  children  than  that 
of  their  fpeakiflg  truth,  and  there  is  not 
any  in  which  we  fucceed  worfe*  And 
wiiy?  Becanf^  children  readily  fee  we 
have  an  intereft  in  it.  Their  fpeakiag 
truth  m  ufed  by  us  as  an  engine  of  go< 
vemmfcnt^  **  Tell  me,  nniy  dear  child, 
when  you  have  broken  any  thing,  and  I 
will  n<%t  be  angry  with  you/'  **  Thank 
you  ^QOthmg^  fays  the  child.  If  I 
prevent  ydu  from  raiding  it  out,  I  am 
fiitt  3*u  Will  not  be  angry  f"  and  nine 
times  btit  ^f  ten  he  can  prevent  it.  He 
kiuwrs  that,  in  the  common  intercourf^  of 
life,,tMiteiid  fhoufitnd  iallehoods.But  thefe 
aie  tiete^^uy  lies  on  trnmrtant  occafions 


I  do  not  mean  to  aiTert,  that  fentiments 
inculcated  in  education  have  no  influence  $ 
they  have  much,  though  not  the  moiii 
but  it  is  the  fentiments  we  let  drop  occa- 
fionaliy, the  convcrfation  they  overhear 
when  playing  unnoticed  in  a  comer V 
the  room,  which  has>n  effcifl  upon  chil- 
dren, vid  not  what  is  addrefled  direflly 
to  them  in  the  tone  of  exhortation.  If  you 
would  know  precifcly  the  efFeft  thefe  fet 
difcouries    have   upon   your   child,   he 
pleafed  to  reflect  upon  tnat  which  a  dif- 
courfe  from  the  pulpit,  which  you  have 
reafon  to  think  merely  profrf&onal,  hat 
upon  you.     Children  have  ahnoft  an  in- 
tuitive diiccmmcnt  between  the  maxime 
you  bring  forward  for  their  ufe,    and 
thofe  by  which  you  direft  your  own  con- 
du6^.     Be  as  amning  aA  you  will,  they 
are  always  more  cuitiinjr  than  you.  Every 
child  knows  whom  his  father  and  mother 
love,  and  fee  with  pleafure,  and  whom 
they  diilike ;  for  whom  tliey  think  them- 
felves  obliged  to  fct  out  their  beft  plate 
and  china  j   whom  they  think  it  an  ho* 
n^r  to  vifit,  and  upon  whom  they  confer 
honour  by  admitting  them  to  their  com- 
pany.     *<  RefpeA  nothing  fb  much  at 
virtue,  (fays  Eugenio  to  his  fon)  virtue 
and  talents  are  the  oidy  grounds  of^dif- 
tindlion."     The  child  prcfently  has  oc- 
ca^on  to  enquire  why  his  father  pulls  otf 
his  hat  to  Ibmc  people  jind  not  to  others  ; 
He  is  told,  that  outward  i^fpefl  muft  be 
prppoitioned  to  diiferent  fkations  in  life ; 
this  is  a  llttlp  difHcuitof  comprehenfion  } 
however,  by  dint  of  explanation,  he  gete 
over  it  tolerably  well.     But  he  fees  hi*' 
.  father's  houfe  in  the  buftle  'and  hurry  of* 
preparation  \  ccnunon  buiinefs  laid  alide^ 


Ye'^ir  child  is  the  ben  judge*  horw  much    every  body  in  movicment,  anunulual  anx- 


ouniion  b«  ha»  «b  tell  a  lie  4  he  may  have 
as  gt«at  ocCtStatk  for  it,  as  you  hive  to  con- 
ceal a  bad  ^\kct  6f  news  from  a  fick  friend. 


iety  to  pleai'e  and  to  Ihine.  Nobody  it 
at  ififure  to  receive  his  carefles,. or. attend- 
to  his  queftionsj  hn  Icifpns  are  inter-r 
nipted^  his  hours  deranged .  At*  length  a 

gueft 


17P 


Thi  Enquinr^  JVi,  XV.     JVhtxt  is  BducHthnf 


P^ft  arrives— It  uj  my  Lord— whom  h« 
has  heard  you  I'pcak  of,  twctity  times,  as 
one  of  thei  moft  worthlefs  charaAer*  upon 
earth.  Your  child,  Eugenio,  has  re- 
ceived a  ieflbn  of  education.  Refuroe,  if 
you  will,  your  fyftems  of  morality  on  the 
morrow,  you  will  in  vain  attempt  to  era- 
dicate it.  **  Yon  expeft  company.  Mam- 
ma, mud  I  he  diefl'ed  to-day  ?'  ^  No,  it  is 
only  good  Mrs.  fuch  a  one."  Your  child 
has  received  a  lefTon  of  education,  one 
which  (he  well  underftanls,  and  will  long 
remember.  You  have  fent  your  child  to 
aprblic  ichcoi,  but  to  fecure  his  morals 
a^;;unrt  the  vice  which  you  top  juiUy  ap- 
prehend abounds  there,  you  have  given 
-nim  a  private  tutor,  a  man  of  llri6l  mo- 
rals and  religion.  He  may  help  him  to 
prepare  his  talks,  byt  do  you  imagine  it 
will  be  in  his  power  to  fonn  hii  mind  ? 
His  fchooifellow?,  the  allowance  you 
give  him,  the  manners  of  the  age,  and  of 
tU"  place,  will  do  that,  and  not  the  lec- 
tures which  he  is  obliged-  to  hear.  If 
thefe  are  difFerent  from  what  you  yourfclf 
experienced,  you  miift  not  be  furprifed 
to  Ice  him  gradually  recede  from  the  prin- 
ciples, civil  and  religious,  which  you 
iiold,  and  to  break  off  from  your  connec- 
tions, and  to  adopt  manners  difFerent  from 
your  own.  Tl"'*  J*  remarkably  exem- 
plified amongft  thofe  of  the  Diflenters 
who  haTe  rifen  to  wealth  and  conftrquence^ 
I  believe  it  would  b^  difficult  to  find  an 
inAance  of  faitrilies,  who,  for  three  ge- 
nerations, have  kept  their  carriage  and 
continued  Difientcrs. 

Education,  it  is  often  obfcinred,  is  ai^ 
expenfive  thin?.  It  is  16,  but  the  paying 
ifor  leflbns  is  the  fmalleil  part  of  the  coft. 
If  yon 'would  go  to  the  price  of  haying 
your  fon  a  worthy  man,  you  rauft  be  lb 
yourfelf  J  your  friends,  your  fci-vants, 
yotir  company  muft  be  all  of  that  ftanfp. 
Suppofe  tnis  to  be  the  cafe,  much  is  done  5 
bur  there  will  remain  circumftances  which 
perhaps  you  cannot  alter,  that  will  ftill 
have  their  eflfeftt  Do  you  wifli  him  to 
love  fimpl icily  ?  Would  you  be  content 
10  lay  down  your  coach,  to  drop  your 
titje  ?  Where  is  the  pArciU  who  would 
do  thi^  to  educate  his  fon  ?  You  carry 
him  to  the  worklhops  of  artiihn.^?,  and 
ifhow  him  different  machine*;  and  tahrics, 
to  awakf-n  hln  ingenuity.  The  neceflPity 
pf  ffet ting  his  biiead  would  nwakeB  it 
much  rrtnre  etfe^ally.  The  fmgi'^  cir- 
ci:m(tanCe  of  having  a  fortune  to'gct,  or 
a  fortune  tofpmd,  will  probably  operate 
tn6it  tV.tnwJy  upou '  his  mind,  not  only 
than  yofir  pixcepis^,  but  even  ilii'i  your 
^xamplc.    You  wiih  yotu?  child  to-be 


modeft  and  onafnoming ;  yon  are  fo,  wr- 
hapsy  yourfelf)  ami  you  pay  liheraily  a 
preceptor  for  giving  him  iellons  of  humi- 
lity.  You  do  not  perceive,  that  the  very 
circumftance  of  having  a  man  of  letten 
and  accomplUhments  retained  af>outhi< 
perfon,  for  his  fole  advantage,  tcndj  more 
forcibly  to  infpire  him  wim  an   idea  of 
felf-confequence,  than  ail  the-  leffons  he 
can  give  him  to  reprefs  it,     if  by  da  not 
yeu  lookfady  you  rajbalf   fayg  th«  Under- 
taker to  his  man,  in  the  play  of  the  Fu- 
neral, /  give  you  I  knvw  not  btKv  auub 
monyfcr  Mmg/ady  and  the  morejghe 
yo:iy  ti&giaMrftbinkyouarr.     So  will 
it  be  with  the  wealthy  heir.  Thelcanrri 
that  are  given  him,  on  condefcenlron  ind 
aflFability,  only  prove  to  hhn  open  how 
much  higher  ground  he  ftands  than  thoTe 
about  htm  •;  and  the  very  pains  that  are 
taken  with  his  moral  chara^r  will  make 
him  proud,  by  fhcwing  him  how  much 
he  is  the  objeft  of  attention.  You  cannot 
help  thefe  things.    Yom-  fervants,  out  of 
refpe6l  to  you,  will  bear  with  hi*  pet«. 
lance ;  your  company,  out  of  rtfpcSt  to 
you,  will  forbear  to  check  his  impati- 
ence ;  and  you  yourfelf,  iT  he  is  trkvcr, 
will  repeat  his  cifervations. 

In  the  exploded  do£h-ine  of^.mpariiies, 
you  are  directed,  if  you  have. cut  your 
finger,  to  let  that  alone,  and  put  your 
plaiJler  upon  the  knife.  Thrsis  very  bad 
do^rine,  I  mull  ccnfefs,  in  philosophy, 
but  very  pood  in  morals.  Is  a  man  Iw- 
urious,  I'eTf- indulgent  ?  do  not  apply  your 
phjic  of  tbefiul  to  him,  but  cure  h'»  fw^ 
tunc.  Is  he  haughty  f  cure  his  rank,  his 
title.  Is  ht vulgar?  cure  his  company. 
Is  he  diffident,  or  mean-fpxrited  ?  cure 
his  poverty,  give  him  conlcquence — but 
thefe  prefer iptions  go  far  beyond  the  h- 
mily  recipes  of  education. 

What  then  is  the  refu't?  In  tlw  firft 
place,  that  we  fhould  conti-aft  oor  ideas 
of  education,  and  expert  no  more  fincm 
it  than  it  is  able  to  perform.  It  can  giro 
ihflruSion,  TJiere  will  ahJvays  be  an 
eficntial  difference  between  a  homan  be- 
ing cultivated  and  uncultivated.  Edu- 
CHtlon  can  provide  proper  iKftniftors  in 
the  various  arts  and  kicnces,  «and  porrioa 
out  to  the  beft  advantage^  thofe  precious 
hours  of  youth  whi^h  never  will  retom. 
It  ean  likewife  give,  in  a  grreat Miegreec, 
p^rfonal  habits;  and  even  ff  thefe  ihcnki 
afterwards  give  way,  under  the  inflnerca 
of  contrary'  circuiTiftances,  -yo«r  chili 
will  frel  the  good  cffe^s  of  tfonn^  fcr  the 
later 'ind  the  lefs  wUihe  goinfo  what  is 
wrong;.  Let  qs  alR>  be  a^r^,  thnf  the 
b;ifinef«  of  cdttcaticm,*  pvoperl^r  lb  caiUd, 
•  il 


Tbt  Enquirery  No.  XV.     What  is  Edueailon  f 


171 


{9  not  transferrable.  You  may  engage 
nsfters  to  inftru£t  your  child  m  thi^  or 
tk  cdkraccoitiplilhment,  but  you  muft 
i^att.  him  ytmrfelf.  You  •  not  only 
ought  to  do  iCy  but  you  mufi  do  it,  whe- 
ther you  iatemi  it  or  no.  .  As  eduction 
is  ft  thing  neceflWry  for  all  \  for  the  poor 
and  for  the  rich)  ior  tbe  illiterate  as  well 
•.«  for  the  learned  5  providence  lu»  not 
made  it  dependent  upon  fyllems  uncertain^ 
opeioib,  and  difiicult  of  invefVigation. 
It  i»  not  neceflar}''  with  Konffeau  or  Ma- 
dame Genlis,  to  devote  to  the  education 
of  one  chtld»  the  talents  and  the  time  of  a 
Dumber  of  ^^wn  men ;  to  furround  him 
with  an  ariificial  world;  and  to  counteract, 
by  maxin>4,  ^he  natural  tendencies  of  the 
fitaation  he  is  pbced  in  in  fociety. 
Every  cHie  has  time  to  educate  his  child ; 
—the  poor  man  educates  him  while 
working  in-  his.  cottage-— the  man  of 
bufinefs  while  employed  in  his  couiiting- 
houfc. 

Do  we  lee  a  father  who  is  diligent  in 
\Ai  profeilioHy  domeilic  in  his  habits, 
whofe  houfe  is  the  refort  of  well-informed 
intelligent  people — ^a  mother,  whofe  time 
is  ufetujly  filled,  whofe  attention  to  her 
duties  fecure*  eftcem,  and  whofe  amiable 
manners  attraft  aifcftion  ?  Do  not  be 
foUciiGous,  refpe^abie  couple,  about  the 
moral  ec^ucation  of  your  otf^^pring !  do 
not  be  uncafy  beca^iie  you  cinnot  fur- 
round  tlicmw.th  thu  apparatus  of  books 
stfjd  fyl^cms  j  or  fa.icy  you  muft  retii^e 
fro:u  the  world  to  devote  yourfelves  to 
their  impnovement.  In  jwwr  world  they 
me  brouErht  up  much  better  than  could 
be  under  tiny  plan  of  fadlitious  education 
whlcu  you  could  provide  for  them  j  tli^y 
will  imbibe  affection  from  your  carefies  j 
tafte  from  your  converfation  \  urbanity 
from  the  Qomnieixe  of  your  fociety  5  and 
nutual  Jove  from  yom*  example.  Do 
not  regret  that  you  are  not  rich  enough 
to  provide  tutors  and  governors,  to  watch 
his  fteps  with  .fedulous  and  fei  vile  anx- 
iety, and  fumifh  him  with  maxims  it  is 
mrrally  impontble  he  /hould  a^  upon 
when  grown  up.  Do  not  you  lee  how 
feldom  this  over  culture  produces  its  ef- 
fcel,  andhow  many  ihiuing  and  excellent 
chara^ers  ftait  up  every  day,  from  the 
b«^n  vi  obicurityj  with  icarceiy  any 
.careat^all  ? 

Are  children  then  to  be  ccglefled  ? 
furely  notj  but  having;  given  them  the 
inilru£lion  aad  accomitUihtnents  which 
tlnrir  fitwub'on  in  life  requli-esj  let  us  re- 
ject •fujwrflu^us  lolicitude,  and  truft  that 
thtar^harafters  will  ibim  themfel  ves  from 
the  fpQfltai}eeu9   influence  of  gooU  ex- 


amples, and  cifcinnftances  which  impel 
tliem  to  ufeful  action* 

Bj^c  the  education  of  your  houle,  Im- 
portant as  it  is,  is  only  a  part  of  a  more 
comprehenfive  lyftem.  Providence  takes 
your  child,  where  you  leave  him.  Provi- 
dence continues  uis  education  upon  a 
larger  fcale,  and  by  a  procefs  which  in- 
cludes means  far  more  efficacious.  Has 
your  fon  entered  the  work!  at  eighteen, 
opinionated,  haughty,  rafh,  inclined  io 
dliTipation  ?  Do  cot  defpah,  he  may  yet  be 
cured  of  thefc  faults,  it  it  pleafes  heaven. 
There  are  remedies  which  you  could  not 
perfuadp  youi'felf  to  ufe,  if  they  were  In 
your  power,  aixl  which  are  fpecific  in 
cafes  of  this  kind.  How  often  do  we  fee 
the  prefumptuous,  %\^^f  youth,  changed 
into  the  wiie  counfellcr,  the  confiderate, 
fttady  friend  I  How  often  the  thoughtlcft, 
gay  girl,  into  the  fober  wife,  the  affec- 
tionate mother!  Faded  beauty,  humbled 
fclf-confcquence,  difappointed  ambition, 
Jofs  of  fortime,  this  is  the  rough  phyfic 
provided  by  providence,^  to  meliorate  the 
temper,  to  correft  the  oftenCve  petulan- 
cies  of  youth,  and  bring  out  all  the 
energies  of  the  fjniflied  charafter.  Af- 
flictions foften  the  proud  J  difficulties 
pufli  foward  the  ingenious ;  fuccefsful 
industry  gives  confequence  and  credit, 
and  developes  a  thoufand  latent  good 
qualities.  Thctie  is  no  malady  of  the 
mind  fo  inveterate,  which  this  education 
of  events  is  not  calculated  to  cure,  if 
life  were  long  enough^  and  fhall  we  not 
hope,  thit  he,  in  whofe  hand  are  all  the 
remedial  proceffes  of  nature,  will  renew 
the  discipline  in  another. Hate,  and  iinifk 
the  imperle'il  man  ? 

States  are  e<iucated  as  individuals,  by 
circumftauces  \  the  prophet  may  cry- 
aloud,  and  fpare  not)  the  phllofopher 
may  deCcant  on  morals^  eloquence  may 
exhaufl  itfelf  in  inve6live  againil  the 
vices  of  the  age.:  thcfe  vices  will  certainly 
follow  certain  ftates  of  poveityor  riches, 
ignorance  or  high  civilization.  But  what 
thefc  gentle  alteratives  fail  of  d<>ing,  may 
,  be  accompli/hed  by  an  unfuccefsful  war, 
a  lofs  of  trade,  or  any  of  thofe  great 
cahmities,  by  which  it  pleafes  Provi- 
dence to  fpeak  to  a  nation  in  fuch  lan- 
g\iage  as  will  be  heard*  If,  as  a  nation, 
we  would  be  cured  of  pride,  it  muff  be 
by  mortification  \  if  of  luxury,  by  a  na- 
tional bankruptcy,  perhaps  \  if  or  injuf- 
tice,"or  the  fpirit  <^  domination,  by  a 
lofn  of  national  confequence.  In  com- 
parif^fti  of  thefe  ffrong  reme^lies,  ayii/?, 
or  a  firmoH^  arc  .prelcriptions  of  veiy 
link  efficacy. 


172  JutbentUity  ^ Mr.  Tophifs  Pcjlhumous  JForit 

Tib  lis  E£tor  tf  thi  Monthly  Magaxine, 


IAm  a  cohftant  reader  of  yourAIonth- 
ly  Magazine,  aiKl  muil  own  I  am 
DRicb  plealed  with  the  Journal  o£  Mr, 
HoujMANj  but  I  am  fori7'be  (houiJ 
fof'ar  midesd  your  readers,  by  flatiug  in 
'ymir  Magazine  for  January,  1798,  that 
adjoining;  the  road  From  Birmingham  to 
Wolrerhampton,  he  aw  a  number  of  fires 
bwTTing  in  a  field  of  cats  ;  and  that  the 
works  tor  foi-ging  iron  inthatneighbonr- 
bood  belong  to  Mr.  Wilkinson  ;  it  is 
true  that  Mr.  W.  lias  large  works  there, 
biit  though  he  has  expended  perhaps 
6o,oool,  in  his  cre£tions,  there  are  many 
works  in  the  vicinity  of  Wolverhampton 
r^hicli  r.iake  aiore  iron  than  he  does.  \ 
k-re  attended  Mr.  Hot; s man  hitiierto 
with  pleafure,  as  I  know  mvit  of  the 
places  he  Ipcaks  of.     I  am,  Sir,  &c. 

Dtinccy  Jas,  Loxdale. 

Kiar  H^'olt'erkafrtpton^ 


T»  the  Edkor  of  tU  Monthly  Magazm, 

SIR, 

UNDERSTANDING  that  confider- 
abU  doubts  have  ariien  refpefVing 
the  authenticity  of  the  manufcripts  ot 
the    lattf  Rev.   Mr.    Toplady,    (which 

came  into  my  hands,  as  his  exccuror,  and  '  himfelf,  and  the  ample  ju&ice  he  has  refi<* 
which  I  have  /.nee  communicated  to  Mr.     dered,  at  an  e&ormou&expencei  tothepubr 


me,  be  fald,  *^  My  detr&mufi,  you  ait 
at  liberty  to  do  whatever  you  pleaiib  with 
the  reft,"*'  which  declaration  has  virtually 
dene  awaj  th«  injun6Uoli  laid  upon  nc 
by  his  will. 

And  here  I  caxmot  but  lament,  thelois 
which  the  religious  axid  literary  world 
have  firllalned,  fiom  the  fcrupukms  deli* 
cacy  of  Mr.  T's  mind.  The  asiiwen 
he  aiHgned  to  me  for  this  part  of  his  coii« 
du^l,  were,  that  <'  fome  paiTases  miglu 
be  twiiled  fiom  their  intendecTHieaainff, 
which,  when  dead,  he  (houlduot  be  abk 
to  defend.''  I  perceived,  among  the  MSS. 
which  were  cofnmitted  to  the  flames, 
many  works  of  taile  and  genius,  parti- 
culaily  a  very  voluminous  *<  Hifierf  tf 
England,,''''  nearly  completed.  There  arc, 
however,  among  the  nanufcripts  which 
have  been  refcued,  "  An  Ejjfay  forwards  a 
comife  Cbrouokgical  Dittvmary^''  audi 
«  AmHiJlory  cf  ike  Ancient  State  of  Bii* 
iain,^"  m  iixtcen  letters,  addrcfled  totbd 
late  Mrs.  Catherine  Macauiay,  which 
I  doubt  not  will  confirm  his  reputation 
as  a  writer.  I  undcrlland  Mr.  Kowde^ 
ii^ns  ihortly  to  publitl\  them. 

I  cannot  conclude  this  letter  without 
improving  the  opportunity  of  returning 
my  fincere  thanks  to  Mr,  Row  for  the  very 
liberal  manner  in  which  he  has  ^ondu^led 


Kow,  for  publication, )  I  feel  myfelf 
^  called  upon  toftep  forward,  and  vindicate 
them  from  the  charge  of  impofticn,  Thofe 
perlbns  who  fuppoled  them  to  be  furrepti- 
llous,  mufthave  done  fo  from  a  knowledge 
of  that  claufe  in  Mr.  T's  will,  which  di- 
jeeis  **  all  the  manufcriptR  of,  and  in  his 
own  hand-writing,  to  be  confumed  by 
£iCt  within  ©ne  week  after  his  inter- 
ment,*' It  muft  however  be  obferved,  that 
Wr.  T.  little  thouj/ht,  at  the  time  of  his 
making  his  wili,  that  he  fliox»ld  perform, 
in  pnrt,  this  fad  office  himielf,  which  he 
actually  d\d,  aflifled  by  me.  We  were 
two  days  occupied  in  the  bufinefs  ;  and 
ihofe  rev/  wi-jting-s,  which  have  cfcaped 
the  ftamt-s,  wouhi  doubt lels  have  Ihared 
the  iiime  f.Ue  as  the  reft,  if  it  had  not 
been  tor  the  intfrvcntion  of  the  late  Dr. 
Giftbrd,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rvhmd  ll- 
nior,  of  Northampton,  who  caliedto  fee 
Mr..  Toplady,  during  hi<  illnels  J»"<i 
found  him  in  the  very  v*^i  of  dt-ttroying 
Ki-j  paper?,.  Thoycxi>vHVcdthcrr  finccre' 
rt^rct  atfhi5  pi-.-x!cdvuY*  andtndearo\trM 
fo  difert  Urtu  ftom  \\\»^  finthcr  execution 
of  hi*.  purpf)P%  To  rhls,  Mr.  Toplr.dy," 
afrer  rf;^carvtJ  e«{io(tu:ii' -oii?,  at  knf^th 
reiuctantiy  confcnt<'d/    'i  hrn,  t timing  to 


iicatron  of  the  Books  of  my  dear  de€cai'e<l 
friend.  I  am  confident,  the  public  feel 
themfelves  equally  indebted  to  his  exer- 
tions m  the  caufe  of  religion*  I  hare 
only  to  add,  that  I  have  siven  up  all  the 
ma]fiufcripts  I  have  found  to  Mr.  Row, 
who  wiji  publish  them  in  a  feveuth  vo- 
lume,  as  foon  as  a  fufficient  number  of 
fubfcribcrs  ftiall  be  fo\md.  From  my 
knowledge  of  the  contents*  I  can  aflure 
the  public,  that  for  ufefulnefs,  ientinefits 
ajid  language,  they  arc  not  inferior  to 
thofe  publiihcd  in  Mr.  Toplady's  life- 
time. If  any  perfonsihould  Kill  entertain 
doubts  of  thifir  authenticity,  they  may, 
by  referei)ce  to  Mr.  Row^  Great  Marl- 
borough-ftrect,  fee  the  MS,  in  th# 
hamUwriting  of  Mr.  Topi?**!/  hiinitlf,  of 
upon  appliraticn  to  me,  I  will  gtyc  them 
every  ihtisfa^iion  in  my  power.  I  rcsiain 
youi's,  ^c.  WiLLiA^  Hv^^Y, 

Ki-nfuii^Uh  Gore,  I*Urcb,  iy^%^ 

To  the  fJitor  of  the  Monthty  MagaTum, 

SIR, 

W£   begin  to  ;pad^  with  dclij^^b*, 
tholc  woik*    of  f, cuius,      w.th 
>mhich  G<.*rni.in  littr^lurc  is^  now  ficUv 
ftorcd.     yet  wc  uil  no t  ttf  ^ceoi^k  'Uk 
'  *  "  "*  '     '  them, 


On  ib*  Gtmum  CharailtT.., .Stint. 


»7J 


iHem,  a  wUd  extraragance  of  fancy,  and 
a  morbid  irritability  of  feeling,  which 
wr  caimot  cafilf  fuppofe  to  be  copied 
from  nature.  The  fcverlfli  pride,  the 
wild,  maddening  love,  ^thc  imagination 
cxtrading  from  cvciy  incident  and  ap- 
l»eanilce,  new  means  of  lbnx)w;  make 
thcWerter  of  Goethe,  appear  almoft  a 
\K\ttg  diS^nt  in  genus  from  thofe 
which  romance  and  real  life  prcftnt  to  us 
ia  Britain^  .  Schiller  is  equally  ac- 
counted iQ  have,  in  his  fine  dramas, 
overleaped  the  boimdf  of  nature.  Charles 
Aionr,  FiefcQ,  with  the  young  hero  and 
brc'ifw  of  his  *<  Cabal  and  Lo*Vff^*  ap- 
j.  rr  tx)  lis  (o  extravagant  in  all  their  fan- 
cies a-nd  all  thHr  dlftreffcs,  that  we  fliould 
noi,  probiMy,  endure  with  patience, 
\r.'-\r  rrpflcntation  upon  our  ftage. 

Bat,  Ibme  fii6^s  have  fallen  witbm  my 
knowledge,  which  incline  me  to  believe, 
tint  thele  charafters  muft  fecm  to  the 
Germans,  for  wh#m  they  were  written, 
to  be  Ibfficiently  within  the  range  of  the 
probabilities  ot  ordinary  life.  I  have 
had  occadon  to  be  acquainted  with  fede- 
ral gentlemen  from  Germany,  who  have 
vi/l»ed  this  counlry.  I  think  that  I  have 
obferfed  in  them  vJ\,ibat  gcm^ri:  characicTy 
of  which  "  Wcrter,''  and  others  ima- 
gined by  Schiller,  are  but  ful)ordinate 
fpecies.  They  were  men  of  virtue  and 
Icirnirttf,  of  elegant  manners,  of  a  ceitain 
g^neroWy  of  nature,  fitted  to  win  affec- 
tion, and  to  command  eireem.  But, 
their  imaginations  were  uncommonly  fer- 
vid  and  romantic  j  their  feelings  w.rc 
pregnant  wlthcxceflirc  fenCbllicy  j  they 
wore,  in  their  tempers,  jealo\:s  of  the 
refpeft  and  attentions  which  they  thought 
their  due,  even  to  a  degi'ee  that  it  was 
impofTible  to  fatisfy ;  there  feemed  to 
hing  about  them  a  wayward  fickHn:fs 
of'lpirit,  unfitting  them  for  the  fobcr  and 
uniform  bufinefs  of  comiiion  life.  In  one 
of  the  early  volumes  of  the  old  '*  Annual 
^e^fler,''*  there  is  an  atTe61Ing  account  of 
the  trial,  condemnation,  and  execution 
•f  a  youth,  named  S:im,  for  the  murder 
of  a  Mr.  Matthew,  which  feems  to  con- 
fcpn,  in  a  remarkable  manner,  this  idea 
ofinme.  Stim  was  a  German  youth,  of 
octraottlinary  genius  and  accompllfh- 
ments,  who  had  come  into  England  to 
ftck  a  (ituation,  in  which  his  quail Hci- 
tioas  might  make  his  fortune.  With 
difficulty  he  obtained  the  employment  of 
an  uft^r  in  a  boarding-lchoul.  His  in^ 
tt^rity,  thedegance  and  accuracy  of  his 
knowledfife,  with  his  afllduity  in  teach- 
Mi^,  made  his  aiJiftance  exceedingly  va- 
hi^blt  to  the  Bufi^  of  the  i'ch<*ol  j  whilc^ 


on  the  other  hand,  the  incrediUe  jea- 
loufy  of  his  temper  rendered  biui  rxcef* 
lively  troubleibme,  as  an  inmate  in  tbs 
family.  Ere  he  had  been  long  here,  hs 
became  acquainted  wi.th  Mr.  Matthew, 
by  whom  he  was  invited,  with  offers  of 
refpe^lfiil  treatment  and  a  liberal  flEdanr, 
to  take  up  his  refidence  in  his  family,  for 
the  purpoie  of  inflr lifting  his  wi£f  audi 
daughter  in  mufic,  and  Mr.Matthcwhim-. 
lelf  in  theG reek  and  Roman  claf&cs.Witlft 
Mr.  Matthew  he  had  not  long  refided* 
when  he  began  to  faiy:y-,  that  mockery 
and  infults  were  offered  to  him,  whidi 
had  no  exigence,  fave  in  his  own  diHem- 
pcred  imagination.  He  became  furiouiiy 
querulous;  and  reciprocal  iil-hunvour- 
was  naturally  excited  in  the  minds  of 
Mr.  Matthew  and  family.  Frequent  ex- 
planations made  Stim,  from  time  to  time, 
curfe  the  gloorainefs  of  his  own  tenijief, 
intreat  pardon  for  his  fufpicions,  and  ab- 
jure them  in  the  deepeft  anguiAi  of  heart. 
Ncverthelefs  were  thefe  fufpicion^  ftill 
renewed  on  the  very  next  moment,  and 
ftill  exafperated  beyond  their  former  rape. 
Mattl:ew  became  at  length  no  iefi  unjuft 
than  Stirn ;  in  the  madrKls  of  rcfcntment, 
he  accufed  the  youth  of  .ittempting  to  fc- 
duce  the  atfcdlions  of  hit;  wife,  and  of 
filching  fome  articles  of ,  his  property  | 
then  thnift  him  contemptuoutly  out  of 
doors,  Stirn,  utterly4n<apabie  of  thefe 
crimes,  or  indeed  of  any  liafcand  meatt 
adi,  was  driven,  by  this  treatment,  to  the 
lafr  frenzy  of  ddpair.  He  rcgar;ied  him^ 
felf  as  contaminated  and  dei>ai'ed  beyond 
the  potTibiilty  of  reilorurion  to  honour, 
by  tht  Y^rj  circumftance  of  any  peribn's 
havir.g  daied  to  name  I'uch  crimes  in  the 
fame  breath  with  his  nain<r.  Branded  as.  ' 
a  thief,  and  as  a  feducer  driven  igno* 
m'niouUy  out  of  doors ;  how  lliould  he 
continue  longer  in  EntTland  r  how  return 
to  meet  ih :  eyes  of  his  trier.ds  inOennany  ? 
No  ;  thus  vile,  he  could  nr  t endure  to  live  2. 
nor  Ihoiiid  the  author  of  his  \voes;  furvive 
tlie  wrongs  which  he  had  done  him! 
H-iving  iblicited  a  meecing  with  Mr. 
M.uthew,  in  the  prcilixe.  of  fome  com-  • 
mon  friends  i  the  uniortimate  yontli; 
icized  an  opportunity  of  rtiooting  him 
through  the  he'«jd  j  and  was,  with  diffi- 
culty, prevented  from  confuinmating  the 
fame  violence  upon  hiinfclf.  He  was, 
then  lel/td,  conveycd.bo  piifbn,  brought 
to  trial,  condemned  to  death.  I  do  not 
certainly  remember,  whether  he  did  not, 
by  taking  pouon,  withdra"\^  himfelf 
frcni  the  ignominy  of  a  public  execution. 
I  think,  upon  re  collet  ion^  that  before 
Im  rcTwlv^  to  aflaJlinatc  Matthew,    he 

had 


Vhiverjal  Tontine....MS:  of  the  tatt  Mr.  fUti. 


174' 


liad,  in  vain»  called'  him  out  to  fiir^Ie 
combat.  BeHdeSy  if  I  miftake  not, 
tb^re  is  not  a  little  in  thoi^  diftin^lions  of 
rank,  and  thofe  fubdividons  of  dominion 
ifvbkh  are  eftabliibed  in  Germany,  that 
tends  to  foment  this  irritability  of  ima- 
gination and  temper.  The  pride  of  birth 
and  rank,  ft  ill  reigns  there,  in  its  fiill 
▼igour,  infefts  all  the  fcencs  of  common 
life,  and  ccntinu^lly  difturbs  the  p!ea^ 
iurcs  of  focial  intercourfe.  There  are  in 
Germany,  a  y^y  great  multitude  of 
poor  nobility,  who  have  nothing  but  the. 
.  pride  NUid  pretenfions  of  high  birth,  the. 
education,  the  manners,  and  the  wants 
of  gentlemen  j  and  who  are .  obli|;ed  to 
&ek  their  fortune  in  the  world,  amid  dif^ 
£culties  with  which  it  often  happens 
that  then*  pride  can  ill  brook,  to  contend. 
The  intercourfe  too,  among  the  inhabit- 
ants of  fa  many  different  principalities 
and  ftates,  is  ncccfTiirlly  carried  on  with 
a  pun6^ilioulhers  and  jealouA^^,  which  are 
not  ii>  vigilantly  exercifed  m  the  inttr^ 
courfe  of  perfons  who  are,  all  alike,  fub- 
jcfts  of  tlic  fame  great  kingdom. 

If  I  err  not  in  my  inference  from 
theie  fa6ls  and  confiderations,  Schyier 
and  Goethe,  and  the  Germ4m  writers  of 
tafte  and  fancy  in  general,  are,  by  It,  in 
a  great  meaAire  vindicated  from  that 
charge  of  extravagance,  which  Engllfh 
critics  have  too  hallily  urged  agasnft 
them.  Wliat  would  be  with  us  extra- 
vagance, is  with  them  but  nature. 
Chara£leis  not  very  diflimilar  to  thofc  of 
iMooV  and  Werter  are  not  unfrequcnt  in 
Geiinany.  It  is  from  the  ftate  of  human 
foclety  in  that  country,  that  the  wild, 
terrific  pathos  and  fubllmity  of  the  Ger- 
man works  of  genius,  take  their  orlcjin. 
To  ihofe  fafts  and"  chaiai^ers  which  I 
have  above  cited  in  explaining  my  opi- 
nion, may  be  added,  what  the  account  cf 
his  life  by  Tiflbt  furniflies,conceining  the 
late  amiable  Dr.  Zimmumann. 

R.H. 


7*0  ihe  Editbr  of  the  Mtrnthly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

THE  inlcrtion  of  the  following  ccr- 
re£lios  cf  the  remarks  in  your  lad 
number,  on  the  London  and  Middlefcx 
ynrverfai  Tontine,  will  be  cfteemcd  a 
Ijjvour,  Vy  ycnrsi,  5:c- 

Mar.b'z,  ^7V^*  J-  J-  G. 

The  HTimber  of  deaths  rfnd  defeultcrs, 
which  in  the  foc:ety'»  advertifcrocnt  is 
printed  986..  -fliculd  be  5S6,  hot  the  re- 
du 'lion  which  tlu«  malLe:^,  int^icfum  I 
hare  ftated  as  the  charj>ftr  of  maiwgemcnt, 
will  be  OTtrbshiiceJ,  by  adding  the  pay- 


ment of  one  (hilling  per  fhveto*ft^igfnf< 
en  the  admlHion  ot  eaclr  member;  and 
thus  corre^ed,  the  allowance  to  the 
agentj  for  his  trouble  ift  managing  the 
concern,  will  be  three  tkcufand  t^^'otun^ 
dred  and  fwcnty-t^vfi  pounds.  It  wuft  be 
obferved,  that  this  is  excluffve  of  the  ex- 
pence  of  preparing  the  aiticleiij  of  adver- 
tilementf ,  and  all  other  incidental  charges, 
which  were  paid  out  ot  the  fines. 

By  an  overfight  of  your  printer,  tlie 
following  refcref^ce  to  iome  judiriMis  ob- 
fervations  on  the  unprofiuble  nature  of 
tontines,  for  a  fhort  term  of  years,  was 
omitted. 

*  Gc^c^al  IntroduiKon  to  the  fiftli  efit. 
of  '*  Dr,  Price^s  Ohfem^ations  en  lte%*erfiniafj 
Paynterns,**  publifftcd  in  1791. 


To  the  Editor  0/  the  McnttJj  MagOfOMe. 

SIR, 

THE  eicecutor  of  the  kte  Henry 
Flood  fodnd,  amongil  otho^  va- 
luable papers,  **  The  Hi/key  oftbtprtfeA 
Mr,  PtlfiAdtrnn^rattonj"^  faua  its  com- 
mencement to  that  accomoKflie^lenator^ 
deceafe ;  complete  and  ready  for  the  pre6. 
The*  manulcript  interfperied  unth  charac- 
ters of  the  moft  diiiuiguKhed  tbtefincn 
In  Great  Britain,  and  cantaining  mate- 
rials for  two  Svo  volumes,  was  donusit- 
ted  to  Mr.  Edmund  Malone,  irho  under- 
took with  avidity  its  immediate  publica- 
tion. Upwards  of  four  years  have 
elapfed,  iince  tlut  lUcred  deposit  of  his 
friend^s  fanie  was  made  by  Sir  L^wreoct 
Parfons.  Through  the  channel  cf  your 
valuable  mifcelhuiy,  I  therefore  aik 
penniiTion  to  inquire  into  the  fate  of  a 
produ6lion,  that  I  conceive  mnft  contri- 
bute to  the  information,  not  Jefs  than  the 
entertainment,  of  all  thole  who  fed  intc- 
relled  in  the  common  cauie  of  Gi%at  Bri- 
tain and  Ireland.  I  remain,  Sir,  yayi 
obedient  rer\'ant,  A  DrapIr. 

Duiflin,  JauMfiiyj  1798. 


To  fhe  Editor  of  the  Mattkfy  Me^akine. 

SIR, 

YOUR  corrcfpondent  A.  P.  B.  in 
your  Magazine  for  January,  tfe^tt 
the  accounts  ol  toads  bavingr  bc<n  found 
alive  in  folid  rocks  and  trunks  of  Ures, 
as  fabuknisi  and  compares  them  to  tie 
vifioniiy  tales  of  ghorts  .and  ijjeflrcsj 
grounding  his  dlfl)dief  principally  uptn 
the  uncertainty  of  the  evidence^  ♦hicb, 
he  juftly  remarks,  has  never  MjR^^ven 
by  the  eye  witnejles  themfLMT,  birt 
through  fo  nianV  channels,  that  the  ori- 
ginal propagattM*  caa  feldom  bt  traced 


New  Experiment  on  a  Toai^  hj  Mr.  Smith  r 


>75' 


•ut  toHOve  liis  aflfertionT.  I  am  glad  to 
have  iim  ray  power  to  add  fomcthing 
towaitU  eftabUihing  the  truth  of  this  un- 
accoimtablc  phenomenon;  with  the  ad- 
vantage oC  rwating  only  what  fell  xmder 
my  own  immediate  obJcrvation. 

I  was  led  to  maj:e  an  experiment  on  a 
toad,  bv  the  perufal  of  one  of  Dr.  Frank- 
lin's cifays  }  where  he  aflerts  (thongh 
only  from  report)  that  they  will  live  for 
ages  in  folia  rock  j  and  alio  aflxires  us  of 
a  fafl  equally  adonifhing,  and  out  of  the 
common  courfc  bf  tiature ;  that  files, 
corked  up  in  wine  in  the  Wcft-Fndies, 
&c.  may  frequently  be  reitored  to  life  in 
£nglana,  by  cxpofing  them  to  the  heat  of 
theltin^s.lM'anls.  Thi«  he  tried  himfelf, 
an!  has  eflablifhed  beyond  any  doubt.- 
Sii->  Franklin,  on  this  occafion,  expreffes 
himfclf  rather  romah'tlcally  ;  he  wiHics 
he,  iLT\d  a  few  choice  friends,  could  in  the 
Aline  manner  be  prefei-ved  in  a  caik  of 
Madctra,  and  revlred  at  the  end  of  a 
crntury,  to  ftt  how  his  deal*  country 
America  flourifhed. 

I  waft  as  doubtful  as  yotu*  correfpond- 
ent  in  refjn;^  to  the  toads  ;  bat  did  not 
prefomc  to  tJifputc  fuch  hii^h  authority, 
mwely  on  account  of  the  improbability 
of  the  ftbiT,  witho\it  aflbring  myfelf  bv 
the  more  certain  teft  of  experiment,  which 
fivquently,  118  in  the  prefent  inthmce,  batr 
fl«  our  Tcafoning.  ■ 

I  acqordin^iv  caught  a  large  toad, 
^:ch  Ironfincd  in  a  glafs  tumbler,  co- 
>en'd  at  the  top  with  a  large  piece  of 
cork,  clofed  with  fealing  wax,  lb  effcc- 
tuaity,  tbat  no  fre^  air  coul.d'be  admit- 
ted, nor  any  thing  poffitily  efcape.  Jn 
thin  ftate  I  )e*t  it  in  my  room,  and  in  a 
few  hours,  returning,  found  the  glaf**, 
(which  I  had  corkrd  too  tight)  broken, 
and  the  aniihal  etcaped  tl^ough  the  win- 
dow,  and  faikn  on  to  the  pavement  nearly 
fourteen  "t'cet,  which  mutt  have  hurt  it, 
;uid  Tery  i^robably  haftened  its  death. 

I  committed  i^  once  more  to  a  limilar 
co->ftncment,  with. more,  caution,  ?nd  in 
this  <iat«  aOually  kept  it  :i\\vt/*xmcnth^ 
As  i  had  no  thoughts  of  publlfhing  this 
circiunlbwi::*  at  that  time,  I  did  riot  mnke 
fo  minv  oUIervations  as  I  orl^en^'lfe  (hould 
h  iVr  done  >  but  frequertrly  remarked  in 
the  tum»)ler  fmill  bliick  li:blhrcr»,  re- 
fcinhling  m  fh:;^^elitf)cAuiiT.ak  j  iind,  As 
thde  alternately  appeared  and  diftpppai  ed, 
the  toad  muO  have  fv/a!^o^^vd  Ihrm  ;  fo 
tiiat-itls  pj(rr;ic  it  poff  ff<r>  tiie  prwrty 
#f  the  t^uTiinntinj;'  animals,  in  ^  tnuch 
great<ir4|tgf»<^  •  ^r  ^^^  thiMati.ad  n  con- 
ftiiic  coLQilvh,  as  if  in'  the  act  of  mulllc^- 


tion;  yet,  what  is  rather  extraordinary, 
all  the  time  I  kept  it,  t  never  once  faw  its 
mouth  open  ^  and  it  feemed  as  (trong  a 
few  days  befo're  if  died  as  at  firft  j  fg  3iat" 
r  attribute  its  death  rather  to  the  fidi, 
than  to  confinement,  or  want  of  food.  The 
fides  of  the  glafs  were  fb  frequently  ob- 
fcured  by  a  aark  moifture,  that  I  conld' 
fcarcelydifcemthe  animal  through  them. 

Your  corrclpondent  A.  P.  B.  doubts^' 
very  naturally,  that  a  creature  fumi/hed 
with  lungs  (hould  exift  'when  deprived  of 
air ;  but  what  is  here  related,  in  my  opi- 
nion, is  a  proof  to  th«  contrary ;  as  th«^ 
ycry  fmall  quantity  in  the  glafs,  at'  tfic 
ti'me  of  doling  it  iip,  woiild  be  vitiated 
and  unfit  for  rtTpiration  in  a  few  minutes;' 
and  I  find  no  difficulty  in  admitting,  th« 
if  this  animal  can  (in  direifl  contradi^ion 
to  all  the  known  laws  of  animated  naturcV 
exirt  forilx  months,  deprived  of  air,  fbSo, 
or  water,  it  may,  for  any  argument  wie 
can  produce  to  the  contrary,  lurvivc  cen- 
turies in  fimilaj-  circumftances  j"  n9r 
ihould  lT)e  at  all  furpriftd,  if  it  was  foimd 
to  live  in  vacuo  for  a  confidcrable  time  j 
an  experiment,  however,  I  have  no  incli- 
nation to  tiy.  I  rather  think  what  I 
have  already  done  needs  i'ome  apologyi 
and  fliall  acfd  a  few  words  in  my  own 
jyftification,  as  it  may  appear,  that  in 
this  experiment  Ibave  permitted  curiofity 
to  get  the  better  of  humanit)'. 

I  have  read,  with  abhorrence,  the  cmel 
experiments  of  Fontana,  and  fome  others, 
where  thoufands  of  harmlefs  creatures, 
under  the  pretext  of  being  fcrviceable  to 
mankind,  were  put  to  death,  in  the  rtioft 
Checking  ajid  piolongcd  tortures  :  buf'in 
tlie  pretint  inltance,  T  felt  affured,  that  if 
the  toad  could  live  one  day  without  frelh 
air,  it  muft  cxid  by  means  v,x  are  unac- 
quaintw-'d  with,  and  without  pain  or  eiioit. 
InJeed,  had  it  fiiffered  vlfibly  from  a  fe^ 
minutes'  confinement,  which  I  naturally 
€xpc6^cd,  I  (hould  certainly  have  libera- 
ted it,  and  purfued  tbe  trial  no  fortheri 
but  on  the  contrary,  it  feemed  fopei-fe£lly 
at  eafe,  that  rTmly  expcJl^  it  would 
hiVefuivlvetinie,  and  the  present  genera- 
tion. I  beg  leave  to  fubfcribe  myfelf. 
Sir,  youi"s  molt  rcfpeftfuUy, 

Li^fffool,  Ffh,  11,1798; 


HjTBif  lately  hrtrd  of  feveral  iniHnces^ 

in  which  the  icuiTy  pitvailed  to  a 

A  a  great 


I 


MfJt  of  Vtntilating  Shlps^  by  Mr^  4b9rntth3i^ 


feat  degree  In  (hipt>  wherein  the  ieamen 
[ftd  a  confiderable  quantitjf  of  lime-jtiicc 
au\d  vegetable*  daily  diftributed  to  them. 
Xh  all  thefe  ii^anceny  the  difeafe  broke 
out  after  a  continuance  of  cold,  rainy, 
and  ftonmy  weather  \  \irhich  made  it  ne- 
ceflarv  to  keep  the  ports  fliut,  obliged 
the  /eaihen  to  remain  much  between 
decks,  and  allowed  them  40  opportunity 
it^  drying  their  ctoalh^.  I  was,  in  con- 
ftqiicnce  of  fuch  information,  led  to  en- 
<^ulre  and  think  of  the  modes  of  ventila- 
ting (hips  \  and  one  occurred  to  me,  which 
t  cannot  but  believe  would  be  very  ef- 
fectual, requiring  no  labour,  and  it 
might  be  put  in  practice  at  an  inconfidcr- 
ablcexpcncc. 

The  principle  of  the  plan  whi^h  I  pro- 
pofe,  I  find,  by  looking  into  the  **  En- 
iychpadia^^  is  not  new;  but  I  think  the 
node  of  accomplilbing  it,  which  I  pro- 
|>ore,  could  not  have  occurred,  or  it 
would  have  been  carried  into  execution. 
If  Sir,  you  think  well  of  the  plan,  you 
will  oblige  me,  by  procuring  its  motion 
in  the  Monthly  Nngazine,  as,  by  this 
means,  the  public  may  be  put  in  po/Tcf- 
lion  of  it,  and  be  enabled  to  judge  of  its 
expediency. 

Thc-jplan  whi^h  I  offer  is  extremely 
fimple,  it  conHfts  merely  in  caufing  two 
tiubis  to  defcend  from  above  the  deck  to 
the  bottom  of  a  veflei,  or  as  low  as  yen- 
^IktioD^  is  required ;  and  which  ihouM 
communicate  by  {mailer  pipes  (open  at 
their  extremities)  with  thoic  places  de* 
figned  to  be  ventHated.  Thei«  (liould 
be  a  contrivance  for  topping  thefe  com- 
municating pipes,  fo  that  ventilation 
may  be  occasionally  prevented  from  tak- 
kig  place,  or  confined  to  any  particular 
IMut  of  the  vcflTel. 

*  One  of  the  princinal  air  tubes  fhould 
defcend  as  near  to  tnc  ftern  of  the  veflW 
as  convenient,  and  the  other  as  near  to 
the  ftem. 

.  Tbtough  that  tube  which  is  in  the 
)|ead,  the  foul  air  is  to  be  extracted ;  and 
dirougb  that  which  is  in  the  ftem,  the 
freih  air  is  to  defcend  to  the  diffierent 
decks  and  other  apartments  of  the 
Veffcl.     *  '^ 

The  extral^ion  of  the  air  iseaTilv cf- 
Te£ted,  in  the  following  manner :'  let  a 
trai(fverfe  tube  be  fitted  tp  that  which  de- 
Iceads  in  the  head  of  the  VefTei  ;  it  may 
be  fnnl(:  within  the  lever  of  the  deck,  io 
te  to  caufe  1^  inequality  of  Airfaee .  Let 
|t  be  continued  till  it  comes  beneath  the 
^pla(;e,  then  sUcend  iA  a  perj)endictttar 


dire£tion  through  thf  ^,  yid  op^  \ 
little  above  it ; '  or  it  may  be  made  tq 
cttmmunicate  with  the  chimney." 

It  would  be  more  convenient  if  the  fire 
was  near  the  place  where  the  tube  riic< 
through  the  deck;  and,  in  Indiamcn,  I 
am  told,  that  the  fire  is  in  the  forctaftle ; 
but  the  experiment  muft  equally  fuccctd, 
if  the  tube  be  made  to  defcend  again  till 
it  is  beneath  the  common  fire-place. 

The  effcft  that  will  refult  from  this 
contrivance,  is  obvious  }  when  the  tu\^ 
which  psdfes  thnnigli  the  fire,  is  heafetl, 
the  air  will  afcend  with  a  force  prcpor- 
tionable  to  its  levity,  and  the  alccnding 
column  can  only  be  fupplicd  from  below, 
confequcntly  it  muft  come  from  all  thoftr 
parts  of  the  fliip  with  which  the  main 
tube  communicates. 

Wlien  the  ports  are  open,  the  quantltj 
of  air  thus  exhaufted  from  the  fliip,  win 
be  fupplicd  from  all  quarters;  but  it 
they  were  all  <hut,  and  the  hatchways 
and  other  openings  coraplettly  dofed,  the 
renewal  of  frefli  air  is  made  certain  by 
means  of  the  tube  which  dcfeends  in  tl* 
ftern.  The  main  air  tube,  where  it  riiVs 
above  the  deck  in  the  ftern,  ihouliit  \ 
think,  have  an  horizonlal  one  fitted  to 
it,  which  might  be  made  to  traverft,  Tq 
that  it  could  be  turned  to  windward  \  it 
might  alfo  cxpan*!  at  its  extremity  lib 
the  mouth  of  a  trumpet  j  and  thus  ptr- 
fe^lly  freih  air  muft  enter,  and  the  fcicc 
of  the  gale  would  tend  to  impel  it  into 
tlieyeflcl. 

When  that  part  of  tlic  tube  whiA 
paiTes  through  the  fire,  is  red  hot,  the 
draught^which  would  be  thus  occafiortJ, 
inight,  perhaps,  be  too  great,  and  the 
open  pipes  which  communicate  with  the 
decks,  mieht  emit  and  imbibq  the  frtih  zir 
in  {b  direct  a  ilream,  that  it  might  be 
injurious  to  thdfe  perfons  within  tEe  cur- 
rent. "  '     •    ' 

I  therefore  thinH  it  would  be  betttr.  if 
thole  froiiler  pipes  which  leaa  fi-om  the 
main  tubes  wei-e  made  to  run  along  the 
decks,  and  communicate  with  them  b) 
numerous  orifices.  If  wo  pipes  opening 
into  the  main  exhaufting  tube,  might  be 
extended  along  the  tops  of  the  deck,  is 
the  angle  formed  between  the  fides  aM 
the  ctehng:  and  thus  the  air  wouM  be 
extraftcd  equally  fi-om  ail  parts,  and  fa 
a  manner  not  likelv  to  occafion  ftiju!to»M 
currents,  Sohie  dirifion  of  the  ftircam  of 
air  which  enters  from  tlie  ftem,  migbt 
alfo  be  made,  if  it  were  thought  ijeceflif}'. 

Thus,  I  imagine,  a  vt»*y  coinphtt» « ^ 


Mr*  Abernethy  on  Ventilation ttaticnal  Delt. 


tn  no  way  injurious,  ventilation  may  be 
obtamed :  the'  air  ip.  the  veflcl  would  be 
ip€rfe(5Uy  changed  whcu  the  £rc  was 
ftrong,  without  expcnce  or  trouble  j  and 
a  grajiual  and  falubrioiis  alteration  of  it 
might,  at  all  times,  be  made,  bv  j^very 
little  additional  pliant  itjr  of  fuel..^  Tw 
air  tubes  fliouM  confift  of  feparatc  joints, 
fo  that  gccafionally  they  might  be  taken 
to  picceS4 

I  forbear  to  dwell  upon  particulars,,  as 
there  are  many,  circuraffanccs  in  the  con- 
Uruflianand  management  of  a  (hip,  with 
which  X  am  unac(}uainted,  which  might 
rtquire  ^alterations  in  tbis  plan,  the  pin* 
cipie  and  general  de%n  of  which  is  all 
flttt.I  fijppoie  myielt  capable  of  judg- 
ing.  * 

Thpdrafe,  lUnaginc,  might  be  made 
(b  contderablc*  9s  even  to  allow  of  the 
conveyance  of  heated  air  into  the  interioi^ 
parts  of  the  veflt^U  Aiould  It,  under  any 
circumiftances,  be  thought  expedient. 

Another  advantage,  which,  afU  ap- 
pears to  joie,  might  arife  from  this  con- 
trivancc,  is,  that  of  being  able  to  dry  the 
Fcicloaths,  by  producing  a  current  of  air 
tbrovrkjuay  allotted  part  of  the  ihip. 
For  th^s  jpurpofe,  the  cloaths  ihould  be 
hung  up  m  »  cloie'  chamber,  into  which 
two  pipes  ^ould  bt  introduced,  leading 
jrom  each  of  the  principal  air  tubes,  and 
thdr  communications  with  every  other 
part  of  the  veflel  fhould  be  cut  off,  fo  that 
the  whple  current  of  air,  which  the  fire 
produces,  may  be  made  to  pafs  through 
this  chamber. 

I  have.  Sir,  akeady  mentioned  the 
circundUnccs  that  led  me  to  think  of 
this  plan  j  which  appears  to  me  ib  obvi- 
ous aodfimple,  as  to  refiefl  no  credit  oo 
the  propofer  of  it.  As  the  fubjed  is  £b 
foreign  tp  my  general  jpurfults,  I  may 
probablv  judge  erroneouily  refpe6ling  it  f 
but  whim  I  retain  my  prefent  fentiments, 
I  fliould  feel  myfclf  culpable  were  I  not 
in  fome  way  to  make  it  public.  In  trans- 
port veflcU,  which  are  crowded  with  pe»- 
fons  between  decks,  the  enablin|;  them,  in 
all  weathers,,  to  breathe  frefh  au:  in  fuch 
a  fituatioOa  \&'Q>  imnortant  an  obje^l,  ^ 
to  vindicate  rac  in  this  Ihtru{»<m  on  yowv 
time,  and  on  .the  public,  altnougu  the 
fchoae  which  I  have  laid  before  yx^u, 
ihould  prove  inelfcciual. . 
I  mei^ipoe^  the  plan  to  foms  ^ntl^^ieh 

thought  the  tubes  would  •  he  m]\u-cd,  «f 
put  out  of  order,  ^by^  the  rou^h  jifage 
which  tHey  wouki  meet  with  on  board  a 


'^11 


ihip.  This  objedion  i«  of  no  Mreight,  ijf 
my  eftira^tion  j  as  the  popper  pipes  -nvijj' 
be  made  of  any-requiied  d^e^  of  ilretigthf 
may  be  placed  again^  the  ndes  of  the  veT* 
fel,  and  may  even  be  incaiedipvwood.  % 
have  neither  leifure  noir  inclination  to  be 
obtruding  this  pUn  on  the  notice  of  thp% 
to  wham  fuch  ichemes  are  uCiudly  prfr 
fented;  but.  Sir,  if  you  think  welTof  U9 
you  will  obl^  pie  by  laying  it  befojr^ 
the  pMhlic.  1  9m,  ^\ry  with  much  n9f 
fpc^»  yourobedleat  feryantf 

JOHIiABSRIIBTflir* 

A.  MiUrttts  Cwrty  Match^  1798. 

» 

SIR,  ] 

I  Perfectly  agree  with  vour  ttnrefpoa^f 
ent  G.C.  (M.  M.  6£l.  p^  370,)  in 
the  general  fentiment  of  the  injufiice  «aa 
unpoUcy  <ii|r€an6fcatlng  the^peityqf 
the  public  ci-editor*  Sut  I  eaa  by  117 
ineans  accord  with  ail  the  Tentimcnts  co^ 
taincd  in  his  letter,  or  .the  ai^;umfn^  H909 
which  he  builds  \uK  ponduiion .  Adc^ptr 
ing,  as  I  have  done,  upon  mat\ic(.  delif 
ber^tion,  the  icttUd  coavl^ion,  tha^  twf 
thingthat  relates  io  the  morals  and  poUf 
tical  iniUtutionsof  focifty^*  .^^£^^  ^^ 
open  to  free  and..u^«iexvddifGnUion;-my 
mind  cotdd  not  but  reyo(t,  ^£nding  everjT 
attempt  at  invemgation  on  this  X'vibje^^ 
'moft  dpgmatically-profcribed  three  dif*- 
tln6l  times,  in  o»eihort  letter  of  a  Hn^Jj^ 
page.  Had  this  Maga^ne  vyhichcoataip» 
.this  letter  reached  my  retreat  at  an  earlier 
period,  I  ChquU  have  trouhled  y^v^  witfl 
my  aiumadverfions  before  1  fpr  I  m$ 
deeply  imprefled  with  the!  xpagnitude  ojf 
the  obje^i  and  whatever  may  be  the 
confidence  of  G.  C  in  kgiiladve  4ecir 
iions>  I  am  convinced  that  t^e  timers  faft 
approaching,  when  no  recognition  of  mir 
niiter«,  no  votcof  parliament,  M  present 
the  difcuilion  he  .would  prohibit.  .}4^ 
that  dir<;uflIon  he  neifcher.  tui^nkuary;^ 
iwipa/Tioned  I  Mv^y  the  uublic  mind  h^ 
properly  prapared  to  weigh  every  circum- 
llance,  and  confuler  this  imnortant  branch 
o£  vur  inlernalppliQy  in  ^..it»  relatione 
and  coi^qu(;nc(ss  1  May  the^r^iis  pf  de«* 
cifionnot  precede  )tUc*hour  .ief  matuA^ 
iih^ationt  4f  this  ihgtuld  be  tl)^  Q3&»S 
aakf  AQ  doubt  .that  the  {people  wil^  he  1^ 
licyed  iiOW>  l^eo^prt^ilUM)  ot  this  aatioxMl 
bikf^^en^  and.  the  public  cr^ditoi;  be  ln>. 
4({9»«^4ed.ashc  ftUghl-'  ^^^  lettlieinndr 
holder  rcit  hU  claim  uponajuil  founda^ 
Aa  a  tion 


178 


Cbims  if  fie  NkUwel  CnJUtsr'ectkfiderfd. 


tioB.  Xet  hiiA  aot'  infift^ecn  pledges  ht 
has  netrer  rocth'ed ;  XMr  call,  for  thepay- 
ment*  upon  tbofe^  who  have,  neither 
^fkfid*  accepted,  nor  been  benefitxxl  by 
^o  loan,  'i'hat  the  cfcrgy  nntverfefly, 
the  land-holders  in  general,  And  a  large 
portion  of  the  mercantile  and  manufac* 
turing  intereft,  may  be  confidered  as  par- 
ties to  the  contract,  cannot  well,  I  think, 
be  called  in  qneftion.  Bv  their  concur- 
rence the  funding  fyftcm  oas  been  adopt- 
ed j  by  them,  in  their  own  perfons  and 
the  perfons  of  their  agents,  has  the  debt 
in  queftion  been  contraded  \  and  in  the 
purluit.of  their  ambitious  and  rapaciout 
pHJeAs,  has  been  accimiulated  the  enor- 
mous burthen  under  which  we  groan. 
TXe  revciuies  of  the.hieher  orders  of  the 
cleivy;  the  Salaries  of  placemen,  theper- 
autfitcs  of  office,  the  rent-roll  of  the 
free-hoIder,and  the  profits  of  the  merchant 
«nd  the  banker,  all  nave  been  extended  by 
this  compaft  with  the  capitalift — this 
wholefale  plundering  of  poherify.  No- 
thing, therefore,  can  be  more  atrocious, 
than  for  men  of  thefe  defcriptions  to 
contemplate  <<  the  open  robbery  of  thole 
public  creditors,^*  with  whole  capitals 
they  have  fo  long  been  fporting.  And 
yet  from  thefe  ciafies  (with  exception  to 
the  two  laft,  who  are  themfelves  too 
deeply  interefted,)  aliifted  perhaps  by  a 
few  uncalculatine  enthufiaAs,  is  the  at- 
tempt to  be  chiefly  apprehended.  Thus 
far,  your  correfpondent  G.  C.  and-my- 
lelf  do  not  appear  materially  to  differ. 
But  I  can  by  no  meant  ailent  to  the  in- 
difcriminating  propofition,  that,  <'  the 
fund-holder  has  aright  to  look  for  his  ca- 
pital to  the  tubole  capital  of  the  nation ; 
.Its  lands,  its  (hipping,  its  foreign  tetri- 
tories,  its  buildings,  its  trade,  its  manu- 
fa6lures,  in  a  word,  whatever  conftitiifc^ 
its  wealth,"  (including,  of  courfe,  the 
Induftry  and  ingenuity  of  its  inhabi- 
tants.) Thefe,  I  fay,  are  not  ali  included 
•in  the  pledge;  for  the defcrlption  em- 
l>races  jramenie  bodies  of  people  who 
have  never  been  benefited  by  t  he  contraft, 
nor,  by  themfelves  or  their  agents,  have 
joined  in  Ae  pretended  feciirityj  but 
"w^ho,  convinced  (in  the  langtiageof  your 
corTefponAsm)  that  this  <•  fhmnefitl  maffe 
of  debt  wail  contra^ed  to  accompHfh  the 
toA  fhameful  puipoies,"'  would  long 
£n^  have  embraced  the  opportunity,  if 
M  had  ever  been  offered,  of  checking  the 
^arcet*  of  this  hateful  fyftemof  anticipa- 
tion, that  beggared  their  poftcrity  to  en- 
clave themfelves.  But  upon  what  found - 
diition  docs.  C«C»  attcni|ic  to  eftabliih  ii^ 


hypothec  of  an  uniiwrfal  pledge  }  Vfksu 
.truly,  the  reafoning  is  as  ftitUeas'tM 
coiiclufion  is  falft.    •*  Since  every  man  iii 
the  kingdom,'*.  fay$  he,  «« fyfifyi*tg  taxeff 
has  guaranteed  th6ie  mlhilterial  io«M,i»e 
tre  all  become  partskers  of  the  confe- 
<piencc«,  and  partners  in  the  afts.**  Might 
It  not  with  as  much  propriety  be  al&ited, 
that  I  become  a  partner  in  the  -^61  of  high* 
way  robbety,  by  deliverikig  my  tno&ey 
when  the  pinol  is  at  my  breaft  f    Far  be 
it  from  nie  to  he  To  eager  a  candidate  far 
a  folitary  cell  in  Cold  Bath-fields,  as  to 
draw  an  aftual  parallel  between  taxaliott 
and  robbery  on  the  highway :  but  the 
comparilbn  goes  far  enough  to  fupport 
my  argument ;  and  I  concern  itiylielt  bo 
further.    Taxation,  itmufl  be  sldnlStted, 
is  not  the  voluntary  a£^  of  the  party 
taxed ;  and  I  dare  fay  I  am  not  finguhr 
when  I  declare,  that  I  would  never  have 
paid  a  fingle  iixpence  towardi  the  intereft 
of  a  debt,  contraiVcd  without  my  conlent, 
if  I  had  not  known  that  the  laws  and  the 
magiftrates  would  compel  me  ib  to  do.  It 
is  not  ^at  w^  hvivc  fujftreJt  hut  what  we 
have  gained,  that  mutt  involve  xis,  by  im- 
plication,  in  a  contra  A  to  which  vtt  never 
alTented  i  and  if  the  public  creditor  can- 
lioi  prove,  at  leaft,  a  profitable  and  a*^ 
htntaify   connivance,    the   unrej^fcntcd 
clafles  have  affuredly  a  right  to  refer 
him,   for  indemnity,  to  the  contraftrng 
parties.     Upon  thefe,  indeed,  his  claim 
is  folid  and  indubitable.     Thefe  arc  thi 
real  debtors}  and,  if  t&ep^wer  tf  tfci^ 
*utry  is  not  withh^  from  thele,  the  cre- 
ditor will  have  a. right  to  profectitc  hU 
client ;  and  "  if  not  to  the  laft  fliilllng," 
at  leail  to  fuch  a  compromile  as  may  di- 
vide the  lofs,  refulting  frona  their  inordi- 
nate fpeculatlons,  equally  and  equitably 
bct^vccn  them. 

This  is,  in  brief,  my  opinion,  as  to  the 
jullice  and  morality  of  the  cafe.  I  wn 
far,  ho^veVer,  fi  om  confidering  the  pro- 
perty of  the  fum! -holder  as  out  of  dangtr. 
My  ferttim»nts,  in  this  refptfl,  at  prtfvnt, 
I  believe,  are  far  from  being  popular 
with  any  parly  j  and  under  the  influence 
of  what  ciicuiniiances  the  queilion  nar 
be  hurried  to  an  inevoc-able  deciiion,  it 
is  impo/Iib]e  at  this  tim^to  forties.  A 
people  groaning  under  (oven  and  t<Kmty 
fniitionc>  of  annual  taxes,  may  become  it« 
gardlefs  or  tvery  thing  btit  their  a#n 
efTi:»ndpation  5  and,  confidermg  thf 
Ihcrteft  road  as  tlie  beft,  may  fhut  their 
ears,  in  their  turns,  to  the  voiceof  rtiToa 
and  the  pleadings  of  compa/Tioni  and  ^f- 
vote,  b}'  o:ie  ralM  ^%  nxty  thoufand  h- 


Jakjktf^Batkrif^t'm fHtn  1748  /«  {797. 


I7f 


l«ili«rfiobc|^y.«fiidrM}af.  .  Or  it  may 
lappepi  tHat "  ihofc  ^hopr^tfs  tbemfikvei  , 
tlieM^irers  of  order  aod  gqod  goTcrn- 
VKUj^\  xoay  find  thcinkdvc^s  in  iUch  a 
diiem^sks  .^at  either  .the  placeman  or  thtf 
fiock-holder  muft  be  faciiEced ;  aiid  at 
i^f-prttTervatiQil  i»  the  firit  law  of  nature, 
and  ^<<f 'i  aW  Jifucurtj  org  freehoU  prO' 
pertf!  \t  U  eafy  to  decide  which  way  the 
leak  will  tum«  JNay»  ther^  is  even  a 
ckifi  pf  ai^idocratip  innovators,  among 
wkom  perhaps  may  be  found  '<  men  of 
large  (anM  p»*9pmy»  profe^Hoivil  }aw- 
yer(|  clergy  maintained  bv  a  religion 
that  inculcates  honefty,  and  fonie  Britiih 
rcsators,'"  wbof  under  the  maJk  of  re- 
xorm,  aim  only  at  the  revival  of.  the  old 
ieudai  fyilcQi  in  a  new  ihape;  and  to 
^'We  views,  accoidinsly,  the  confiica- 
tloa  ii^  ^ufftion  would  confiderably  ad- 
minifler^  Let  us  hop<,  however,  that  a 
caiidld  invqftigation  of  the  claims  of  the 
ftoclt-holder,  nuy  place  them  on  a  foun- 
dation sot  to  be  ihaJcen  by  the  raihoeis  of 
liie  firft  deiaription  of  men,  the  cupidity 
•f  the  f4rcfind,  or  tiie  intrigues  of  the 
third*  Certain  it  is,  chat  from  whatever 
quarter  (exc^  one}  fuch  an  attempt 
were  to  jfro'ceed,  an  ob^llnate  civil  war 
jnaft  be  the  confcquence;  while  a  fail' 
and  e<{ual  reprefentation  of  the  people, 
might  at  once  relieve  the  induftry  of  rl^e 
Bation  from  the  enormous  burthen,  and 
fatisfy  the  demands  of  the  public  credi- 
tor. 
March  a,  1798.  •        »  • 

T0  the  EdUor  rf  the  Maxthfy  M/tgazine. 

SIR, 

KNOWING  that  your  yaluable  Ma- 
gazine hns  an  extenfive  circulation 
in  the  commercial,  as  well  as  the  literary 
world,  I  am  induced  to  fubmit  the  fol- 
Jowing  article,  with  a  lift  of  the  number 
of  conwiiflions  of  bankniptcy  (taken 
from  the  London  Gazettes)  from  the 
year  174.8  to  the  end  of  the  year  1797,  to 
your  eoiilideration. 

♦  As  far  at  I  can  I6am,  there  are  ahout 
€0,000  ftock-holders.  Of  thefc,  however, 
k  nay  be  ittid,  there  are  many  who  havs 
•ther  propcrtf ,  aad  who,  of  conrfe,  would 
not  he  entirel3r  tuiaed  by  the  a^  of  injuftke 
ttntkrcpntemplafion.  Butwhat  Is  to  become 
•t  cbr.  wi4owt,  the  orphans,  the  w*x^i  of 
chancery,  the  ajcd,  the  imbecile,— tlut  v^ft 
train  of  helpilcfs  indiTlduals.  who  have  no 
ftthcr  mpans  of  fabfiftencc  than  their  little 
annuities  in  the  ftoclci  ?  If  there  Were  no 
othftr  afrgumcnt  than  common  fympathy 
ajaraft^it,  yet  rhc  heart  of  every  .^nev^Icut 
nan  sroaU  recoil  at  the  pr^e^. 


Nuvlyr^  haubnlptciea  &un  the  yt» 

1 74$  to  tlie^end  of  the  jmw  1797,     . 

•    rtar. 

Ifumhet, 

Tiot. 

Numier: 

J  748 

— 

110 

«7?3 

.~* 

W 

»749 

— • 

9*   . 

'774 

— 

m  ' 

KS9 

— ^ 

i4, 

'7-S 

•-^ 

3S» 

'751 

— 

17* 

1776 

-^ 

415  : 

X7S» 

*— 

J5J 

i;77 

— • 

i^S 

»7S3 

— 

*^i 

X778 

— 

^5« 

1754 

— 

>3« 

«779 

-« 

52a 

»7SS 

— 

^^l 

X780 

— 

♦5« 

175^ 

— 

279 

1781 

— 

45» 

1757 

•— • 

274 

1781 

— . 

55» 

1758 

•M 

3i>' 

1783 

^-. 

53» 

1759 

*mm 

*54 

1784 

MM 

S2» 

1760 

M. 

aai 

1785 

•« 

SO* 

it6i 

^- 

iSa 

178^ 

•M, 

5t» 

xy6i 

»*• 

.  »3o 

1787 

—• 

5^    - 

176; 

— * 

»43 

1788 

*^m 

7oy 

X764 

— 

3*» 

I7i9 

« 

56a 

1765 

— 

239 

1790 

•« 

sH 

1766 

— 

3.4a 

175J 

— 

58J  . 

1767 

— 

360 

1791 

.^ 

636  , 

1768 

— 

35t 

'793 

•~. 

1302 

1769 

— 

344 

1794 

— 

8t$ 

I77<> 

— 

307 

'79S 

.^ 

76t 

177' 

•— 

4^3 

1796 

— • 

760 

i7:» 

■"• 

523 

«797 

— 

869 

Total  amountj 

»f)^o«  1748  to  1797,    » 1,645  • 

The  year  1793,  in  which  the  ppefi-nt 
war  commenced,  itands  conrpicuou*^  the 
number  of  baiikxuf»tcies  for  that  ytar 
amounting  to  one  thoiiUnJ  three  hundieA 
ami  two !  To  fuch  .m  alarmincr  extent 
had  banlti-uprcy  arrived  in  that  year,  that 
it  threatened  to  involve  conleq'hences  of 
the  molt  iVi  ious  national  importance;  and 
the  iiUtrpoation  of  the  Icgiftatiu-e  waa 
thouirht  necirft-uy.  To  itop  the  tide  aS 
bankroprcy,  to  reftore  private*  credit,  awl 
thereby  recovc:*  thccncrjty  of  tiic  nutional 
CQiiimtTce,  pnrij anient  votixi  5,ooo,oool« 
of  exchequer  billji,  at  an  interelt  of  afd- 
per  diem,  or  16s.  per  ann.  for  the  aifift- 
ance  ot  houies  ot  known  foivtncy  and  im- 
putation. 

"  It  is  fcarcely  more  than  four  years 
ago,  (meaninjr  the  year  1793)  lays  ace- 
lebi-atcd  uTiter,  in  a  Jate  trealife  on 
finaiice,  "  tpat  llich  a  rot  of  bankniptcy 
fpreiad  itlelf  over  London,  that  the  whole 
commercial  fabrtc  tottered;  trade  and 
credit  were  at  a  iiand  ;  and  lii^K  were  the 
ftate  of  things,  that  to  prevent,  qt  f«f- 
pend  a  jsreneml  banki-uptcy,  the  eroverh"- 
juent  lent  the  merchants  iix*  mfiiioitt  in 

*  This  U  an  iTior;  i\\c.  ucVual  fum  granted 
by  parliam(?r.t  was  ft-r  e  millions ;  out  of 
which  the  nicrchmCs  of  Lofaion  rcctfivci 
Aearlyonf  million;  at  Mancherter,  aSrtut 
*^o,tx>oi.  at  L'.vcrpOol,-'  150,000!.  and  at 
Vfiaol,  40,ocU. 

government 


^erles  ^H  f8rg€i^Bitnk^29bief.,...EininiaiioH  in  Arifioik^ 


WnddK  govmmetit  -tweet  y^wo  millions 
iQ.  464t>.  paper r* .  Sath,  howevaer,  were 
tbe^&sef  this  temporary  relief,  that 
tile  mimberxif  baiikrupteJes>  virhich,  tn  Che 
moKth  of  Mfty  (the  permd  of  the  greateft 
Bmnher)  amoutted  to  22  s,  fell  in  Jtme 
t»«65^  aitd  they  iiiil  xoatinued  to  <le* 
cpeaie  in  July  and  Auguft  ^  in  September 
they  diminimed^  and  were  nearly  on  a 
pat  wiLh  the  mimhcrs  inS^tember  179^$ 
5hev  AgsiD»  however,  grtstly  inenaied 
in  NovcmbeTi  and  have  contiaued  to  in- 
a'eaie«  moKie  or  lefs,  ever  fuice,  as  vrill 
be  icen  by  the  lift^.  I  am>  indeed,  afiratd 
that.  thU  mcnmib  will  be  progreifivc,  as 
loor  SH  the  pnfcnt  juft  and  meafary  wor 
IhaS  coDtiaue. 

Although  war,  and  ether  unfortiecii 
Icoidents,  indiipeniably  fwellthe  cata- 
logue of  bankruptcy,  and  involve  hun- 
dreds of  our  honm  citisens  in  ruin  \  yet 
it  i«  ro  be  lamented,  that  thene  are  mtn 
wlio  odd  no  inoonliderable  namber  to  die 
lift  moiM:  from  motives  ofpcUgf  thaa  from 
Mtfrjity^  and  who  fidmifb  among^  the 
Heho'JMsej,  to  the  ablblute  ruin  of  other 
honett  and  intloftriotts  tradefnieB.  The 
Fivnoh  DKuie  a  judicious  diftin£iion  be* 
twsen  hankruf^  and  faihire  $  the  £rft 
tbeyeonfnlered  as  voluniaiy  and  fraudu- 
iont ;  and  the  latter  as  conftratned  and 
ttQsvoidabie,  by  means  of  unforefeen  ac- 
cidents. 

BetHreen  theie  two  chara£bers  there 
ougltt,  certainly,  to  be  feme  dilHnAion  | 
the  hfiOeft  man,  who  breaks  in  confe- 
<I0eiicc  of  mislbrtunet,  cannnt,  with  jnf. 
tice,  he  placed,  as  he  now  is,  on  a  level 
with  the  fraudukni  bankrupt.  In  fome 
fountries  there  is  a  law  wiiich  condemns 
a  boiihrupt,  acoording  to  the  French  de- 
finition of-  the  #ord,  to  wear  green  and 
other  coloured  caps,  (at  Lucca  they  wear 
ont  of  ati  -orange  colour)  as  a  badj^e  of 
dilgrace;  perhaps,  Mr.  £ditQr,  it  itich 
a  law,  under  pft>per  regulations,  exited 
in  this  country,  it  would,  ia  iarae-degree, 
cheek  the  prei^t  rapid  progress  of  bank. 
r,up^^  I  remain  your'8,  &c.        M.  J. 


STs  tU  Eaitor  of  the  Montbljf  ^dagazim, 

§re, 

IHave  fcKti  ftveral  artfctes  ih  your  paft 
numbtrs,  re&e€Hii^  forgrrivs  tdh  the 
Bank,  one  of  which,  in  partktrlar,  ftfg- 
gefts tile  following  queries,  which! NvSh 
i'ome  <£  your  fow  con^fpocdents  to  an- 
fwer,  through  the  msdlum  df  ymir  Mav 
ganeinr* 

Mr«'LANPS8Eli,  theei^-lirer^  ftalisS) 


that  a  plan'has  beenn$Aii<U,  t^jT'^Banf 
Dire6^on,  which  h^d  bcitn  ^ppnoved  b]f 
himfelf,  and  Me0rs.  Heath,  Sxarp^ 
FiTTLER,  LowRY,  and  BAflTOM>ZZr, 
as  well  calculated  to  lefTen,  if  not  pte- 
vent  forgeries. 

I  have,  among  man^  others,  been  a 
(lilftTcr  bv  forgeries ;  m  fueh  eai'es  ffke 
^ank  makes  the  perfoti  to  whtfm  the^ 
trace  the  note,  pay  the  amount,  witlioift 
'  oArtng  the  iinalleft  proof  of  its  I^Htig  a 
forged  one. 

Ilave  the  Bank  a  Tight  todecltrr,  that 
a  note  whkh  chey  trace  back  to  me  is 
a  tbrged  one,  ;and  yet  v^  offiuT'  nd  p^tef 
thatitisfo? 

>  If  it  be  a  foi^  Mie^  hare  tfiej  a 
ri^ht,  and  what  right,  to  sec p  it, 
without  Ipayln?  the  amount  ? 

If  a  perion  has  toft  money  In  iMs  way, 
has  he  a  rifi;ht  to  bring  any  a^idM  of  da- 
mages agamAr  the  Bank,  as  having  been 
the  caule  of  his  lofs^  by  {fluing'llotes 
which  any  common  engrafer  mirht  cop}*, 
when  thejr  might  have  ifiudjiub  as  ceild 
H9t  be  cofited  by  any  of  the  known  arts  of 
engraring.  A  Shofkeepsr^ 

Strand^  Febnuny  13,  1798. 

To  the  Editor  rf  the  MtmtbyMn^asdnc. 

SIR, 

I  Hope  you  will  permit  me  to  inlerti 
in  your  far-known  Magazine,  an 
emendation  of  a  paflage  in  Ariftotle ;  a 
paflage  which  ail  the  critics  aAd  com- 
mentators ieem  to  have  overlooked.  *It 
is  ih  the  xviiith  chapter  of  the  Ircond 
book  of  his  <^  4f^*  Rbetorr  where  he  U 
difcourfing  concerning  the  manners  of  the 
rich:  t  do  not  think  the  common  accepta- 
tion of  the  fentence  right :  it  runt  thus : 

Twr  oJTmv.  The  Stagy  rite  h^d  iaid  in 
the  preceding  fentence-***  Rich  men  are 
difpoied  to  be  proud  and  infulent,  as  they 
fi^ppole  they  have  all  thing!*  that  are 
gcx>d,  anainret  raya^a ;"  in'  this  nes; 
then  comes  ^vep,  i«hich  appears  to  have 
no  comie^ion  with  the  foktner  period. 
Inftead  of  w  then^  I  would  iVi^ftitutf 
ymi  which  two,  in  their  abbreviated 
ftatf)  are  not  very  onlHte  e^  another; 
and  inftead  of  aAXs^,  t  would  p^xt  mnvri 
which  I*  flirely  no  great  violation  of  text. 
The  fentence  ntow  will  nm  thus  r  **  rich 
men  are  dllpolW  tt>  be  pr6ad  afttf  itfMent, 
as  they  Aippoft  thcy^  have  al!  iHings 
that  Alt  good ;  nveslih  then  (hi  tkar 
opmhn)  is,  as  it  ^tvere^  a  certaut  ^^on, 
or  6oafir  arijis^/rem  the  tftim^tkk  efthtfe 
Cam  ikims  ihtU  d»v  ^W/'         ^   • 

^      .        ....  Si.<:.  H. 

ler 


Difiriplion  ffHew^Y^rl^ 


Y^tk  aHd  f//'XifYiRONs,  •tw7i&  Ob-, 

MR.  E0ITOR| 

AT  a  p«rio4  .w|ifn  the  riling  gmi- 
ckwot'the  Uiuted  State*  ot  ^octh 
AjDcri^ai  atfia^b  univer^l  admiiationi 
a.  u-anficQt  Iketcb  of  the  flottrUhuiff  citf 
of  New- York,  may  prove  not  unwelcome 
to  ibiMof  your  reaaery  t  permit,  theise- 
fore,  a  voyager  who  lately  made  that 
maxitim^ponhisreridenceytopreient  you 
with  thetoilowing  impartial  lines^ 

Having  early  imbibed  a  partiality  in 
favour  oF  the  new  focderal-  republic,  I 
fclblved  to  croiii  the  vaft  Atlantic,  and 
bid  a  temporary  adieu  to  the  wocfe  than 
favbge  warfare  and  tiunukvous  coinmo« 
im$  ihat  4e(bUtei  ui^happy  Burope!^ 
I  therefore  took  my  jpafl^ge  in  an  Ame- 
rican trader  bouiul  for  >^'.York,  and 
a/rer  a  tedious  and  l^i^iy  pairageo(f  eight 
wtelcs,  to   my  extreme  i'atiska^on,    I 
found  myi^M  lecurcly  moored  uiongitde 
the  quays  of  that  ceiebratcd  city.     To 
dwell  upon  the  ^""gmr  of  the  voyage, 
the  dcfpondency  oriijng  from  fea-(ickneiiit, 
or  the  badneis  and  fcantinei's  of  oiir  fare, 
uuot  my  latention^  I  iball  only  cautioa 
ctl)t:rs,  who  incline  to  make  the  ^me  trip» 
prudetHly  to  provide  themfeiyes  with  a 
private  &ock  of  proviUons,  and  not  to 
ti-tti^  alone  Co  the  f  abin  fare !   JDr.  !•  rank- 
iin  wifely  recommends  (he  like  precau* 
tion:  but  I  had  not  then  read  his  wbqle* 
fome  adyicc«    Winter  had  copomenced  its 
uiual  rigora,  on  our  arrival  off  the  Jeriey 
&ore,  and  the  keen  north-wefters  fut^ 
ficicntly  indicated  the  change  of  climate. 
Off  Barney-gatt,  a  heavy  gale  drove  us 
put  to  iesa^f  stfter  broaching  our  laii  caik 
pf water!  but  fortunately  it  abated  the 
third  daj»  and  a  lair  breeze  fpringing  up, 
wafted  us  merrily  into  o^r  dc^ioe^l  |>ort* 
The  ni|^)itof  oui*  arrival  was  beavUifuUy 
fcrcne,  though  piecing  cold  {  the  moon> 
he^s  %me  reiplendent^  exhibiting  in 
the  iohA  <oio|ir9»  the  highly  roMsantic 
and  varieg^ited  ic«nery  around  the  n^^ 
nliiccnt  harbour  of  ]p4ew-.York-Hi  per- 
fpe^ive  ia  itielf  eyer  ixU«reillog  and  de- 
lightful to   beipold,    and  then ,  rendered 
intiaiteiy.  more  jfo,  to  one  fo  long  accui^ 
tomed  to  the  duU,  choerlcfs,  and  unvary* 
ing  icexir  of  iky  stJfd  water  {-N-a^o^^^m/ 
fo  fvibliiiie,  aad^at  lb  iiiUy  contamplaiive 
an  hour  ^  tfie  nightf  could  A^  Itti^  to 
harmonize  with  my  fwliogs^  and  predtf- 
poi^  a^  iimroural^ly  towards  Columbia : 


IK>  iiun4t»   iwf  thoierof  diefoathfln^- 
bfveze  wafting  us  fwiftly  alongi^  and  of  . 
1^  glidiag  veflfei  foaming  thraugh  (ha 
Ittdd  waves,  difturbed  my  revem!  ab-' 
forbed  in  tMe  plcaiiirable  ftnfaitioni,  | 
lOiperceptifaiy  reached  the  place*  «f  mk^ 
cborage  in  the  eaft  rivtr^  at  4awn  of  day  s 
hcre»    aloitf  the  munevous    docks  and 
quays,  or  flips  (as  the  Amcrii;aiis  caJt- 
them),  the  larger  veffids  ufuaUy  load  and 
imiosui.    On  firft  peraoibulating  tbe  cvtyt^ 
the  mo0  ftriking  novelty  which  awakem^ 
my  attention,  was  the  multttnde  oi  ne- 
groes   and    mulattoes,   of  both  feaiesi^ 
whofe    appearance,    however,    befpoke 
comfort  imd  humane   treatment/    Tha. 
weil-kndwn  accents  of  the  En^liih  ton^uo 
univerfally    f^oken    here,  Wrongly   re. 
minded  me  oi  good  old  England,  while 
a  thoufand  namtleis  incidents  and  reflec-* 
tions   crowded  oa  my  memory,    in(er« 
mingUng  re^iret  with  the  iatisfadkioa  I 
felt  %>n  being  ikfe- landed  en  a  kindi«dU» 
(bore !  The  extent  and  beauty,  and  ]»ap«^ 
lation  of  Now. York,  acoordod  perfeftlf 
with  the  expectations  I  had  formed  t  the 
latser  is  fa  id  to  eaoced  4^000,  which  I 
think  not  over-rated  t  the  ifareets  aj?e  ijt ' 
general  wide  and   regukuv    wish  wtfiU 
paved  foot<pathi^^    The  mcTGhants  •  aii4 
principal  tradeimen  chieiv  inhabit:  Pca«l 
and.  Water  iineets,  which  run,  thou|^ 
rather  inegolarly,  tlwoughout  the  <ity9 
but  the  handforaeft  houles  and  pfibl^ 
edi&ces   are  near  the.  Battery,   and  14 
Broadway,  and  the  ooatiguous  iheete**^ 
Broadway  is  undoubtedly  the  hahd^boMft 
ftreet  in  America,  and  tor  beouiy  of  fftn^ 
alion,    unrivalled  perhaf>s^  in    ^nropef 
The  bntldingH,  in  the  ancient-parts  of  tha 
town«  are  motliy  Ouuh^ballt,  and  gable** 
end  towards  the  ftxeet,  but  look  ncat| 
fome  of  their  datea  are  of  the  laft  eentu^ 
rv,  tnicnbed  in  confptaMius  figtires  «« 
theii*  fronta:    the  modem  hoales  are  hi 
the  EnglJh  ftyle,  and  ieveral  of  them 
would    not     discredit    I^tidon    itfelf« 
Cieaolinefs  in  the  fuburbs,  and  docks,  is 
but  ilUprelerved  )  and,  to  thietiAfuflSrra»' 
blencgk^l,  during  the  instil  famit^* 
heat,  the  prcvaltrnce.of  dangerotis  fevers 
is  probably  owing : — at  low- water,  tlie 
ftench  oecafrontd  by  iKe  effluvia'  arifntg 
from  the  docks  on  the  call  r^ver,  is-herri* 
ble ;  and  in  thdir  vieinlty-  the  fnwr  always 
.  commences^-an  evident  pv^f  of  the  real 
caufe  *,  whUb  abufir  oti^l»  and  migfct . 
calily'be  nerafdied*  at  atnilblig  expeneo 
and-  labour,  when  camfMred  witih   the 
healdi  and  fafety  of  ihc  p«ddii«*  SomeW 
the  chiu-ches   arc  halidlbme    ftru^^in»i»^ 

vfttb.  filrgittt  4ure^*   i^iftijwwjcojiiw-^ 

houi 


It2 


Mw-'ilfri  and  in  Fk'lmtf.^ 


thie  fur|>ofi?  of  ah  «vchMgc,  i«-^a  l(rf^> 
WndfiTme  Mck  ^di^cc-  The  govci^r^i^ 
Inwle,  on  the  Bavteiy,  i««mg  Broadws^ 
mn  lay*  dtiM  to  ho  ^reten!iojn»  Ibr  ^^i- 
gmicc  of  arthiteAuce,  though  large  ami- 
riiafive.  In  tile  hofpittiW)  neahiers^  goed 
CRkr,  ted  hntnanlty)  prevail^  gi^ttly 
tothecndUof  the  o{>ulem  New-Yorttet^ 
^i4m>  laMably  ^i«  in  thefe  and  other  «k 
Itiotic  inftituttont,  N^th  the  Philad«^i- 
Jbft  and  Boftonians,  The  fociety  of 
Fncxidsor  Q^kfrFs,  who  are  here  very 
numerous,  paitrcularly  merit  commecda- 
tlon»  «s  behfg  liberal  henefoftors  and 
womoters  of  every  henevolent  trndertak- 
jbg.  Hotkingdeligiited  rne  mote  in  thi» 
wry  pkafant  city,  than  its  admirabU 
iBBtritime  ikuation,  and  the  pi^urefque 
variety  of  its  vicwr,  from  feveral  paits 
•f  the  city  and  environs :  the  Hncil  may 
fe«[i}o^from  the  Battery,  the  Bdve- 
^Ote,  tne  North- river  Baths>  and  from 
B««ok)yn or  Long  Iftand.  The  piofpea 
§fcm  the  Battery  is  really  enchanting  \ 
Whore  the  tbrtiftcations  once  ftood,  now 
cmcd,  the  area  is  adorned  with  the  go> 
temor*^s  hoiiie,  ^i  fome  elegant  modem 
MldiDgS  and  the  rertiainder  laid  do%vn  in 
siafs'plats  and  walks,  fliaded  with  trees; 
SotH  rivefs  are  navigable  for  veffeU 
l>f  the  iargeft  h^ftthen,  as  l»ne  of  bat- 
tle fliips.  fnquently  demonftrated  during 
tiie  lali  war.  HelUGate  is  a  dange- 
fOUA  kind  of  whirlpool  in  the  eaftem 
dMMBel,  fome  few  miles  from  the  city j 
Iml  vNf aires  an  expert  pilot.  The 
Se^ockre  ts  an  aify,  ek-gant  ftm^hire, 
sesrthv  city  on  the  banks  of  t^e  faid 
channel  (improperly  termed  the  Eaft- 
tirtr,  being  merely  an  arm  of  the  fes», 
lepaniting  ^  main  land  from  Long 
Ifland)  and  fitted  no  as  a  hoofe  for  public 
entertainment  and  the  convivial  meetings 
of  tb^  Bi*ki(hcltib;  at  whofe  expence  it 
Iras  built.  I  had  fome  opportimities  «f 
witneflifig  the  zealons  attachment  of  its 
fHpeftabfe  members  to  the  mothcr*cmin- 
try?  Here  the  club  occafionally  give  aC- 
.  ftttiMles:  this  delighlfi^  f})Ot  f»  aptly 
named  the  Belvedere,  theperfpe^iv*  nwn 
kence  beinj^  exq%kifitcly  fine,  efpecially  at 
the  vernal  fejdbn  ;  whin  tlw  inmmiei-able 
orchards  on  Long  Ifland  are  in  full  btof- 
Ibm,  and  the  well  CBittVBied  hills  along 
^  fts  imely.indH^t^d  fiu)res  then  afpeaiing 
>tt  their  molt  hnttiriant  beanty.  The 
liarbewr  amtitsvetdcmtiikfidsy  andihe 
Caftefn*ch«ine{,  «re  feeti  t*  pMticular  ad- 
'Vantage  from  the  anrmbly-rckym  of  tlie 
Beltedere.  The  fceft  vitATs  -  of  (he  ro. 
Maatic  HiKHbRi  •ce>-Ciott%he   welfctiA 


ffarys  and  ttppcr  prnf  of'-^  %l<^  Hie, 
wife  frdm  tite  opi^in^  of  «lK4nK«l&ft^ett# 
leiuling  from  B«oadwayt'    YorkKUiidis 
con«w£ed'«wi^  Ch«  ((laiA  laad^t  KingV 
bridge,  about  ift  miles  Iromthct  city; 
the  lb«l  is  generally  toroiy  though-  in 
fomes-  places  tolerably  ctdcivated;  aad 
enirt)eH filled  with  gintletnen's  4eats.'  Oa 
Long  Idand  I  rarely  ^nd^tb^fotlfeAile, 
bein^  for  the  moft  part -n^lcyi' £i%^. 
aftd  fttiHe,  tJion^  Ftari-biil^  (md  Sam 
ftw  fpottf  ore  except^ns  •  the4nhabitai^s 
Icem  an  indiiM^Na,  Aotit,  ^kfardy  n^^k 
chiefly  of-  Dutch  deicent  t.  -  tbe  Dutch 
l4ingufag«- is  yet  taught  in  their  gtammar 
i'chooltt,  though  Engltfi)  is  tbi  4»minQ» 
idiom.     Famiing  is  moft  produQivt:  «n 
the  weftem  •  part  of  the  iUand,  from  n$ 
vicinity  to  the  mttropoKs,  urtioft  mar- 
ket* it  regulaijy  fupplies  with  buctor  an* 
milk,    poultry,  •  fniit,  vegetables,    and 
corn.     This  iiland  e^ctends  csonfidenbly 
above  a   hundned  miles  m  length  f  t^ 
breadth  istriilfng  in  pneportion.  Jamaka^ 
Brooklyn,    and    fUt>b«ih|    are.  pvetty 
villages.  . .  •    . 

New-Town,  or  N«wtoiTr  m^  «  (^^ 
place, 'remarkable  for  the  estceiltnt  ato- 
pies produced  in  iM^iiirid :  •  W«w-Towii 
pippins  being  wid)  known  ^i«n  mEurope; 

SalHbnry-PUin^  in  the  oemrt  of  the 
ifiand,  h  rioted  for  ggWilo-fh»otiiig,  and 
other  game,  and  for  the  vaoea.beU  occa- 
fionall)  there ;  I  never 'Attended  them, 
but  underilood  they  were  ibtrfpiai^ ! 

Rockaway,  a  bathing-^dacilainich  i*»^ 
qiiented  in  the  ieafon,  is  n«^  ^30  miles 
from  New  York,  on  the  ibustham  (hon 
of  the  idand  j  here  they  oltei»:  fiib-  for  afi^ 
catch  iharkfs  yet-i  never-  heard  of  acci- 
dents  to  bathieni  flom»  thefe  voracious 
tigers  of  the  deep  i  A  takmblc^inn  af- 
forded us  ibme  ilielier  fum  the  torment- 
ing moTquitos,  that  in  myriads  ini^ft  the 
fandy  (hores  and  mtfihes  Of -the.  ifiand* 
and  area  vexatious> drawback  oa^ihe  rval 
pkafures- rcfulfcing  firoma  rafidcnce  on 
its  pka^ant  farms:  •  thefe  ^ahoviinabip 
gnat«  pervade  ail  the  -o^afta  of  the 
United  States,  and  are.eotceAveiy  ttou» 
blefome,  patticulaiiy  to  -frraiiseis,  a* 
I  wofiiliy  experienced*:  far  iitlandr  wkert 
the  foil ,  is  elevated  and  drys,  aoid  the 
country  cleatcd  of  •  wnod^  ••  they  art 
aifnoft  unknowti.  They  fcMom  make 
their  appearance  in  New- Vorfc"  city  tiH 
Jirf^r  or  Angvift,'  wid  dliappoar  early  tm 
oaober;  but  in  the  Jer^sT^hev  nterly 
devdhr. thetraveiWir,  itont  April  to-Nc 
vemb^r»  I  ha«;  firen'thdr-' women  aoi 
chfMreii)  efpeeiaily  thole  of  a  fair  coni- 
plcxicBi  'Oovlircd -wifh  ^^thrit.  iitetsi  .Anj 

iziflaiKcd 


Knk'^T(ari^.Jnlwhi03if.*^Amiifimnts^  {fp: 


»% 


Yodif'Aii  climate  it  uAdAu)>tedly  irieiy 

heat  M  coU  U>  wiuicb  M  i«  iubjt^  Ml 
commoiH  iirkh  the  jsdft  of  tht  United  i>aiis%  ^ 
the  air:  i»  puce  atid  reviviii£«  except  du« 
ru^  tbeiuMry  do^-cUyiii  out  tlirteilrid 
itfatof  tb^Xummer^iki  anUimoal  ieaibiis  a 
gi^y  oiiltiiiated  by  the  jrdtrtllivag  w^iolii,. 
I«meie&-bicczc9  and  the  curreuu  of  air 
Uom  either  jiver«  M  all  feafoiui  theiky  it 
i;c»eniily  ierene ;  oii  aa  9,vengt,  1  belkye 
Slat  nine  months  out  of  the  year  <xiay  be 
leckoani  clear  fair  wtathcr  1  coniequcat- 
lj»  to  iobttil  jCofliUtutipDSi  able  to  en* 
liure  (uch  ext2»me«  of  htat  and  cold»  the 
American  climate  ni&y  be  aore  defirable 
thiuiourosira  glooiny>  variable^  and  rainy 
atmo^here.  The  natives,  however^  d» 
afit  appear  to  wear  fo  wtU  as  the  £ngiUh« 
UKi  otncr.  northern  jieopkx^f  Europe  $  ps> 
m  they.iookod,  in  gvneral^  iiiil  ten 
yeanx^r.thftn  they  a^tuaJily  werej  and» 
JcUod)  hare  that  \mom  fo  cozxunon  with 
us.  Their  prematuic  bis  of  teeth  iral- 
moft  pipverbiali  which  dcieik  1  attribute 
rather  to  .^heir  cxcefliy^  uie  of  animaii 
food,  IjiiritSioiui  iiquocs*  and  laolaHcsp 
thiia  tti  ao^.  malignant  oi-  iniiu-lous  qua^* 
iity  of  the  x;iiiBate«  I  have  never  lisen 
kihl&nMiir  jntn  than  fereral  of  the  New^ 
York  gtntUiQCQ  and  Long-Xilaad  far*- 
ncrv;  taU.ofilatucej  portly  and  welh- 
made,  tiu^  cyidently  have  not  ^kgene- 
r^d  irom  jt^ir  suu:t;fto^-- but  the 
kdies  are  jfianjt  pak>  or  iatlow^  ant^ 
iboulook^oMi  probably  owing  to  their 
Mkik^  ina^iuve  Xik,  and  immodeiate  in^ 
duigence  of  teaj  aiikl  thin  nhQCu^Uls,  and 
fuca  like  eqenrating  llops:  rhey  dread 
tita:  approach  tfC  ilunmer^  and  well  they 
nmy  i  iqr  the  thermoaittter  range*  in  th« 
ihsdo  from  J^ay-  till  Oaab(X>  ufHa% 
between  aiod.  $q  and  9^  degrtea^  ibuw- 
t'uaei  higbei>  ;»»  I  myicif  hay<  fi^ibrv«d 
it  in  the-  months ,oi' July  and  Auguft  i  m 
ibemiddk..of*May,  at  Philadeijphia,  I 
f«mii  at  in.  ihe  fliadn  ^t  ^x  at  New? 
York  it  wiis-foinetiegrees  lowcr^tJM>t 
aafrc^u«ntiy  /aUs  or  riteft  ham  %q  to  39 
degree^  srithlA  ^^  hour^  1  fuch  vioktU 
and  fu^eo  vici0itud«s  of  temperature^ 
QMit  be  exceedingly  trying  to  dtflioato 
coniUtutionst  and  eaiily  accouata  for  the 

Seniatur^  ohi  ^,  ib  ohiiBrvabk  in  the 
uitoi.SutaiM  GooiMinptNonaigadfevin^ 
^  the  ffidft  pwyalMt  difeafes  ha  New* 
Yockt  thr,i4ttec4night  be  obyiatod^  by 
keepingthft  city  fweeter  OiU  the  yndtr* 
iuie,.aadthe  iiprmer  wouid^  in  aU  iik^ 


li^ofiidi  b»  t^f^  ^vimki  the  mtmm  uft 

more  exprciiie,  and  a  more  generoM^  diet^ 
To  conclude  with  P^ti^  to  ciin«aAe»  thg 
^American  authon  tneoDO^Iva  acknow* 
Mi^y  <iui(t  th^ic  wiotera  may  ^be  coa^ 
pared  to  the  JJorwegiao,  the  fpring  tarn 
that  of  J&ngland,  fummer  to  £gyp^  anj 
aut^Aian  to  Italy,  *  The  fexry  qt  I'auiiiSii 
Hook>  at  the  Hudibn's  mouth*  is  con. 
ilde^ably  above  a  mik  wide^  ibme.gvn- 
tlenien's  Ceats  on  that  itde^  interfperM 
among  the  rocks  and  woods^  have  a 
veiy  preljty  effe£l,  viewed  in  peifpec.* 
tive  from  the  city ;  and  in  «%inter^  <h« 
huge  mailer  of  Aoatiog  ice  and  congeakd 
fho\y«  Eowixig  down  the  Uudiout  kaut 
aiinguUr  and  ^rand  appearance^  Thin 
nobk  Aieain  is  navigable  tor  ibipa  «i* 
considerable  tonnage,  as  far  a;8  the  nesf, 
city  .of  Hudfon,  130  miles,  from  il» 
mouthy  and  for  jUnarier  Tt;Uels  up  .to  AU 
bany.  The  flouri(liiog  trade  and  im« 
p(ovin|;  cultiyation  along  its  hanks,  am^ 
ply  evinoe  the  growmg  ptofperity  a^ 
lirength  ot  the  ftat«*  Ab  tha  north-rixrer 
comiuanUs  tlie  uad^  andjnavigatiooof  am 
tMteniive  back-country  in  thi*  and  Ver* 
moot  States,  fo  does  the  -eau^m-chanaf^ 
that  of  Connf^cun,  JLong4ilaad>  an4 
Bhode-IUaiUy  or  Pr^yid<m<«-iP,ianuMoas 
thus  the  city  of  Nuw-York.  i*.'alikeiad^ 
miiably  iituaceii  .|pr  iiome  and  i^(»«igm 
commvice>  .for  health  and  pltaJiiurt^  £k« 
^gant  and  counnpdious  pa£jM^«  continv^ 
ally  iail  between  >jew^rt  in  Rhode** 
Iiland>  and  this  city.  The  ^aihiooahlp 
lounge  in  ^:ew•YoJRk,  durii^  the  jhat 
Xummei*  moathsy  is  on  the  battery,  whofit 
the  reviving  iira-breese,  and  driicio«« 
ice-creams,  combine  th<ir  eifhihu^atinf 
powers  to  inyigoiate  the  languid  lpii'it« 
of  the  bt:aux  and  belles,  atier  a  kot^hing 
day;  and  a  charininjf  light  it  is  iroia 
thence,  to  contemplate  the  rj^liant  iu|l 
ii^tting  in  the^wix^  wcii»  of  the  .paiis 
moom-beams  qnivering  on  the  fuTiiac^  «£ 
tlie  beauteous  watocs)  To  enhance  $he 
yju'iety  of.  the  c5rcning  iutne^  k>va^iffHm 
ihips  are.  perceived  cnpwdiii^iaili  almoU 
ch)re  to  the  bacttrry, .  ontward  or  hoowk 
ward  bound? .  whik  the  .gaping  and  bnsfr 
ing  multitude  cheer  the  .adventurous  nM» 
riners,  or  M;di  tl)e  foft  breathing  se« 
phyn>,  torgrtiinff.for  a  while,  the  jBoik 
andcaresof  thfl^biay  dayJ  I  am  i^nacr 
^uainted  w>th  a.mofie  charming  .pi^Omfr 
n^e,  uidefef  indetdi  (h^  SteyiHiat  £rigl^ 
ton*  on  a  •  fine  iMsumpr  -  evening,  may  ht 
compared  to  iii  ■  .g ach  haf  it«  .r«fp««iy» 
btauties..  ^ 

The  Ncw-York^St  hi  their  4aft>} 
\ii^%  partake  ^.U»c  J[^glij)».  md  X 

Bh  man 


It2 


Mfv^nriandln  rrtinitf.^ 


the  fwpofe  of  ah  exdiftifigcy  is^'ft  ^<^» 
WDciibitie  iMTick  ^i|cc.  The  govti^ioi^* 
kwle,  on  the  H^mmj,  ff^ing  Brodft\f<a^* 
cm>  Uy  clttiff  to  ho  ]>retenfioits1br  d«^- 
giance  ^f  artliiMAuce,  thougH  large  and- 
duffire.  is  ^  hofpittik,  neameTs,  good 
cvder,  and  hatmnity,  prevail)  greatly 
to  the  credit  of  4he  o^utem  New.York«i-«4 
^i4m>  l^idably  rit  m  theie  and  other  ra* 
Itiotic  inftituttdit»,  with  the  Philaclel;4ii* 
Jbft  and  Bo(kiniaiis«  The  fociety  of 
I>icnd«  or  Qifakfrn,  who  are  herft  very 
iMmerotiiy  parekiilarly  merit  commeoda- 
tlon»  tt  behfg  liberal  beneiaftors  and 
Momoters  of  tvtrj  bene¥oknt  tindertak.- 
mg.  nothing  delimited  me  more  in  thi» 
very  pleafant  city,  than  its  admirable 
•nritinc  i»tuation»  and  the  pt^^tlrefque 
variety  ©C  its  views,  from  ft- v<»ral  part* 
•f  the  city  and  environs :  the  fincil  may 
fe«f^edfrom  the  Battery,  the  Beive- 
^Ote,  the  K«mh-river  Baths,  and  from 
B««oklyn  or  Longlfland.  •  The  {H-ofpf ct 
§Mn  toe  Battery  is  really  enchanting  \ 
Wh«re  the  fbrtifKrations  once  ftood,  now 
ci'aiedy  the  area  is  adorned  with  the  g»- 
tcmof  *s  houfe,  ixii  fome  elegant  modem 
boitdings  and  the  reAiainderTaid  down  in 
siafs-^mts  and  walks,  Aiaded  with  trees; 
Soth  rivers  are  warigable  for  veflela 
l>f  the  largeft  h^vrthen,  as  line  of  bat- 
tle Aiipsnequently'demonftrated  doring 
^  bit  war.  Hell-Gate  is  a  dange- 
sotM  kind  of  whirlpool  in  fbe  eaftem 
dMfffliel,  iome  few  miles  from  the  city  § 
Iml  nKyuires  an  expert  pilot.  The 
Be^edere  is  an  aify,  elegant  ftm^uv, 
se«rth»  ci^  on  the  banks  of  tbe  faid 
chsmnci)  (improperly  termed  the  Eaft- 
rrwr,  being  merely  an  arm  of  the  feii, 
lepaniting  ^  main  land  from  Long 
Ifland)  and  fitted  ni>  as  a  houfe  for  public 
cnteriainmem  and  tne  convivial  meetings 
of  the  Biiti(hchib;  at  who(e  expence  it 
%nft  built.  I  had  fome  opportimities  «f 
witneflifig  the  zealous  attachment  of  its 
fefpedabk  membere  to  the  mothcr^coim-' 
try!  Hert  the  club  occafionally  give  aC- 
.  iemblies:  ^his  dellghlfnl  fyot  is  aptly 
named  the  Belvedere,  theperlpe^ivtr  (rom 
fcencc  bein^  exquifitely  fine,  efpecially  at 
the  vernal  lea?!bn  5  when  the  inmmierabJe 
orchards  OR  Long  Iflsnd  are  in  full  b!of- 
fom,  and  the  w^H  oritivalKt  hiiU  along 
/  il«  ihiely*ii»dHtt^  fhc^s  then  Hjtpeasing 
t»  their  moH  htxiiriant  beauty.  The 
liarboxn-,  and  Its  vl^tdant  iflaiidsy  andihc 
cafteftt-ehannei,  4U-e  feen  t«  partkvkir  ad- 
vantage fnom  the  afltmbly-roowi  of  -Hie 
Be^ffc3«re.  The  Iteft  vitws  of  tbr  ro- 
ttmtic  Hitdtei  tcfr^ooi  ^  wclinn 


(piaysaiid  topper  pnf  of '-^  tlffi^ Itte, 
wtft  frdm  tile  opeiiings  of  dw^ttwcdrectik 
le^ing  Irom  BMadway»' '  Yoribttajidis* 
conoafied^i^  (JM  tpaia-  load  «t  KitigV 
bridgej  about  fa  miles  Ham  th^city^ 
the  loil  is  genemlly  bancua    though-  in 
fomes-  places  tolerably  ciakivaced;  aad 
enrtMrHiilied  with  gvntiettienH^ata.:  Oto 
JLong  Idamf  Irarsiy  4uind  ilwibilfeittldr 
btin^  for.  tJhe  moSt  part  roti^kyr  iemifi 
aod  fttiiie,  though  Flat^billb^  and  ''font 
ftw  fpotts  are  evceptiares  i  the  ifiktbitams 
fcem-  an-  indiiM«if»»  Ouut*  'hardy  Ku^t 
chiefly  of  Dutch  d^eent^    the  -I^uteh 
liuig>iiage  is  yet  taught  in  their  glntnmar 
Ichool^,  though  Engliih  is  th«  comiTwft^ 
idioia.     Famiingismoft  prednliivean 
the  weftem '  part  of  the  filand^  60m  its 
vicinity  to  the  meti'0|M>lis^  «4iolb  mar- 
kets it re^iariy fiippiies withbiittar  an^ 
milk,    poidtiy,  •  fttiit,  tregetabkw,    aod- 
corn.     This  inland  emends  wnMeribly 
above  a   hundftd  miles  in  lengthy    the 
biTadth  istriiUtigin  pnoportioa*  Jamaica, 
Brooklyn,    and   IP^lat-ba4h|    are^mtty 
villages,  . .  •    .    . 

New-Town,  or  Newton^  is  «  fmal* 
place,  •  remarkable  for  1A10  eicceUfrnt  ap- 
ples produced  in  iM'dilWi^  ^  Ncw^Towv 
pippins  being  wcdl  kiiown  ^vtn  MiEtA-ope. 

Saiffbtiry-Pkiin)  in  the  cemst  of  the 
ifland,  is  noted  for  gnwife-fhootiMgy  aad 
other  game,'  and  for  the  races  bcU  coca* 
fionall)  there  $  I  n^veratttndtd  tbca» 
b«t  tinderfiood  they  w«re  fotrypiaa^  I 

Rockaway,  a  bathing-^oOonicE  te^ 
quented  in  the  iealbn,  is  ncpu*  ^^  mifea 
from  New  York,  on  the  fotothsra  ^korv 
of  the  idand ;  hera  they  oiWn:  ftOt-fbr  and 
catch  iharku,  yet>I  never  -heard  of  acci* 
dents  to  bathersi  tfom*  thefe  veracious 
tigers  of  th«  deep  I  A  tokrabie^iim  af- 
forded us  ibme  iielter  fpMii  thp  termmt- 
fftgmoTquitos)  that  in  myrtada  inSeik  the 
faiidy  fliores  and  maWhcft-  of  tke^  ifland, 
and  area  vexatious. drawback  oa:tlie  rvnd 
pkafiircs-  rerult4ng  from  a  rc^idesice  on 
Its  phsafam  farms:  thiie  -abomiabbie 
gnats  pciTade  all  the  •  ooalU  of  th# 
United  States,  and  are.  «xcaitvdy  tttw* 
bkfome,  particulaiiy  lo  4'rraagani,  as 
I  wofttlly  experienced  >c  fay  inlaikU- where 
the  foil,  is  eleva^Kl  and  dry,  and  thtf 
countiy  cleawd  of  -  wood^  •  they  are 
alfnoft  anknowti,  -Thvy  fcidom  make 
the^ir  appearance  ift  Ncw-york-^citrtJit 
Jivfy  or  Augistt)  wad  dJK&pp^  cariy  m 
(>aob<ff{  but  in  the  }evfie^>h0v  nearly 
devonr.  the-tnftvi41f>r>  itom  ApHI  it^Ko* 
vembi^rs  I  hatk:  fi^en^thdr^womni  a&i 
eh«idre4i,  efpecially  thoSe^f  a  fair  con- 
plcxicai  ^owrcdr -wifb  >lliftr.4>teit».^j 

icfisjccii 


Kitti-Yori^hlmhi«9H-»^^iitfimvi*H  ^e: 


1% 


Yaclc/Jbscliniate  it  uj»(ii»4>t€sUy  iv&j 

h»t  u4  «oUl  U)  wikucb  k  i«  Aibjc^  Jin 
coDunoM  :f\$h  thtxdt  of  theUnited  biUte»  ^ 
tbe  aif.  19  puce  azui  xeviviii£«  ucrpl  du* 
jii^  the  iujytry  dog^dayb  ^  out  tWtVilri4 
luat«f  tl^Xummer^nd  avtMnmal  (calixBs  i» 
|r«iily  ipjlt^»ted  by  thu  xfili-dhiAg  >w}udii«- 
l9aeJc»-lucc2C»  aiM  tlie  uureuu  gf  ak 
£f(« either  xiver*  Ai.all  iealbiu  theiky  i# 
jiseraMj  'fi:r<;ne ,  on  aa  »y£r»g(;»  1  belieyc 
tbat  nixK  months  out  of  the  year  auy  be 
jtctoni  clear  fair  whither  1  coniequcat^ 
l]r>  to  robuft  ^cojiAitutlpBSi  abk  to  en- 
4ufe  Uich  MtDcmes  pf  hut  and  £old>  the 
ibo^icaji  cluaate  way  be  aore  durable 
tb^ouroifni  glooDay>  variable,  and  rainy 
aunoiphfice.  The  joatiycs*  however^  d!(> 
Ofit  appear  to  wear  ib  wcU  as  the  £ngmh| 
«iHl^(Hi»cr  iifirthecxijieopk4fj£urope$  (o 
nt  they  iooked^  u  9fnei*al^  ijkul  tea 
ytan  cider.Uom  they  attuaj^y  were>  and» 
kidoi9  hajre  that.hboio  fo  common  with 
us.  Their  premature  lois  of  t<:eth  i9*^aK 
aoil  pxpverhial«  which  dcie£b  J  Attribute 
ntkr  io  .their  excei&ye  lUe  pf  anlyu^ 
foody. fpintlioua  liquors*  and  niolan(;9y 
tJuQ  tu  AjDQT  malignattt  or  injurktus  qua* 
kty  of  Ibe  ^iiiaate.  I  have  Aevor  ken 
kmiioaa«r  jnen  than  fereral  of  the  New<- 
York.  gnatkioen  and  Loog-Xilajid  far** 
foafii  taU  ofHaturcj  portly  and  w^if 
nude,  tiiey  eyidentiy  have  not  degene- 
Jited  iroisi  jtfielr  aiLCcftoi;^ — but  the 
kdks  are  .punj^'  pak>  .or  lailoWf  an^ 
ioMi  looLoM^  probably  owing  to  their 
hMti^  ina^^e  iik»  and  inunoderote  in^ 
^ttlgence  o£  tea>  and  Uvinxliocolatey  and 
Jtica  like  enenrativg  ikps:  ehey  dread 
the  ^proach  of  iliinmer^  and  ivell  they 
omy  i  ior  the  thennomoter  ranges  in  th^ 
&%le£noin  M^j-  till  06lub««,  ulHa% 
bttwten  »ul  So  Atel  .9^  degrees^  l<>n»* 
t'uoc4  highei>  4s  I  coj^uuf  hnire  «hkr?ed 
k  in  thtr  months  oi' July  and  Auj^uft »  in 
ihemiddk.of*May,  at  PhUadd|>hia,  I 
found  it  in.^he  (h»dc  M  Mx  at  New*: 
York  it  w9*4*o9ie  degrees  lower— Htaaot 
nnrrcquentiy  /alk  or  rlks  from  »o  to  30 
degree^  xithia  -^  hour^  I  iWh  viokut 
and  faddea  viclHitudcs  of  tcaiper3ruf«> 
DMul  be  txceediogly  trying  to  deU(;ate 
conditutMOs*  And  eaiily  jucou&ta  for  the 
pr^iature  old  «|e,  ib.  oblivvabk  in  tbe 
U«iitcd  ;Suta»«  doafumptNooaandferem 
are  tbe  mitA  pi»rak»t  diieeks  im  New# 
Votki  dii:,iitttcr4night  be  obTiatodf  >y 
keeping  the  cti^  fwceui  i^ar  the  waters 
^» .  and  the  ibriocr  would*. .  in  aU  iik^ 


mpre  exia-Qijief  and  a  more  generous  4i«fi« 
To  conclude  with  £eihd6l  to  eiinkaie»  thg 
Axnerifian  authon  thendelva  acknem^ 
kdge>  Hhait  thek  winters  may  :be  eoqi* 
pated  to  the  ^orwegiin»  the  fprjing  M 
that  of  Ivngiandyfununer  to  %yp^  asj 
autumn  to  Italy.  '  Thefeoyot  raulus« 
tiook>  at  the  Hudiba's  joiouth*  k  coiu^ 
iiderably  above  ^  mik  Wide ^  iame  g«M 
tleuien's  kats  on  that  iide>  interfperkA 
ftoaung  the  roci^s  and  wtoocL^  have  a 
veiy  preCty  effecl,  viewed  in  pci-fptfc** 
tive  from  tl>eciiy«  and  in  w'^er,  th« 
huge  maikd  of  ftpating  ice  and  coageaM 
fno\Y,  flowing  down  the  Uudiou,  hsam 
a  lingular  and  ^raad  appearance^  Thk 
nobk  Aieain  is  navigable  tor  ^ips  of 
considerable  tonnage^  ^  far  as  the  neikf^ 
oity  .of  .Uudfon*  1^0  n>iks.  from  itf 
mouth,  and. for  iroafkr.vtd^els  up.to.  AU 
bany.  The  douriihiog  trade,  and  kn«* 
provin|^  cultivation  along  iu  hanks,  aas* 
ply  evince  the  growing  ptofperity  andi 
Itrength  ot  the  ftau^  A^  thd  ^lor  th  -river 
comiuanda  tlte  trade  and^^avigatio^^f  am 
eateniive  ba£k-<ountry  in  thi«  and  Ver« 
axQiXt  States^  ib  does  the  .eauecn -channel 
that  of  Coone^uty  Lvog-li^smd^  an4 
^hode-Ilhuivl>  or  ProvidciH^-(?,knut.ieo$ 
thus  the  city  of  Ne w> York  i«, alike  ad^ 
mixably  iituaced  .ipr  iioose  and  ioneiga 
€.QnvfKi'ct,  ipr  health  and  pleaJ^i^  £k« 
.gant  and  counnpdious  packets  <.onCinw* 
ally  fail  between  ^e«^ort>  in  .Hhodo- 
Iiland>  and  this  city.  The  ^Ihiooah)^ 
loung-e  in  .^cw<Yoi'Jc»  during  the  hd 
fuinmer  months^  is  on  thehattery,  wImcjI 
the  r<:viving  iVa-breese,  ^od  delkkue 
ke-c«-eams,  ^mbine  tk;ir  exhiiaisatinf 
powers  to  inirigoiate  the  languid  Ipkite 
of  the  bc:aux  and  belles,  after  a  koix:hi|ig 
day;  and  .a  ^^haiiniiig  ftght  ic  is  iroiii 
thence>  to  cflnteaipk<e  the  -radiaiH  ^i|k 
ktting  in  the.gkwix^  w^»  ctr  -tlie^pak 
nooom-beams  qnw«ring  on  the  furiace  mi 
tl)e  bcaMteous  watessj  To  ^  enhance  -^ 
vatkty  of.  tl|e  c5rening  fceney  kmetiipos 
ihips  aie.  perceived  crov^diqgfailf  almofl. 
fJok  to  the  bsttteryy.c^tward  or  hoovs* 
ward  bounds  whik  the  gaping  ofiii  bu»|r 
ing  multitude  cheer  ^advcnturoua»  nM* 
£iners,  or  inhoie  U)«  foft  brsathing  se« 
phyrs)  forgetting,  for  a  while,  the.toik 
and  €aree,«^  the>b!«fy  dayj  J  am.t^nacr 
quainted  w^  a  BQO|«e  chamiag  .pswtp 
nede,  un}ekt  indeed,  $he  Steyne  at  &igl^ 
too*  on  a  W.  lum9P^-eve»iAg,  anay  he 
compared  to  !»■  each  haf  itv.r'efp^Ciiliy 
beauties,. 

The  New-Vork^si  m  their  4uAMH*i|f 
Uft,  partake^  U»cJ|^glM»..iAd  Di»tck 

1^  h  manners^ 


184 


Netu^tirL..,Nlfgn*S€7yMnts„„Aiann£r^y  l^c. 


vanivn,  hot  tht  latter  are  faft  weailng 
•way,  like  the  languagte.  The  Quakers^ 
©f  both  fexcs,  &r<inglv  refcmble  th«ir 
European  brethren,  ana  retain  more  of 
the  Engiifh  neatnefs  and  a^kirity  than 
Ae  reft  of  their  fcIlow-citi»ens*-the  (hme 
obicrfation  forcibly  OQcnrred  to  me  du- 
ring my  ftay  in  Philadetphia.  One  fifth 
€f  the  whole  population  of  New- York 
is'fuppofed  to  confift  of  negroes  and  peo- 
ple or  colour— an  hideous- looking  race, 
^jert  and  faucyj  idle  and  lary  5  luch  an 
odious  and  unnatural  mixture  of  ibciety 
h,  in  my  opinion,  the  moft  unplt^afant 
circumftance  attending  a  refidence  in  the 
midland  and  fouthern  ttates  of  America — 
Would  if  not  be  founder  policy  to  iend 
thefc  people  into  Georgia,  and  providt 
them  with  lands  and  implements  of  huf- 
bandry>  affording  them  proteftion,  if 
iKcelfaiy,  againft  thd  attacks  of  the  ra- 
vages and  Spaniaxxis  f  The  fetid  effluvia 
«f  the  negraes,  in  warm  weather,  Icents 
«n  apaitmeut  worfe  than  afafcetida ;  the 
menial  feirants  being  chiefly  of  that  de- 
scription, 'one  can  readily  imagine  the 
Vagrant  nofegsy  of  an  American  dwell- 
ing, during  an  Egyptian  fummer! — bqt 
the  natives  arc  ufed  to  it,  and  heed  it 
4iot.  To -obviate  this,  and  other  un- 
-pleafaut  confiderations  of  greater  import, 
feeh  as  the  vicious  intercoufe  between  the 
^^hitei  and  blacks,  might  not  the  New- 
Yorkers  give  cncpuragwnent  to  tlie 
poqr  Irifh  and  Scotch  emigrants,  of  both 
lexes,  who  annually  vifit  their  hofpitable 
flK>res--the  modem  refyge  of  the  perfe- 
icuted  and  diftreflfed,  the  reftlefs  and  the 
wandering!— -and  thus  totally  do  away 
the  mungo  and  the  tawney  breeds  ?  the 
town  and  fuburbs  fwarm  with  both. 
How  inconfiftent  with  the  American  re- 

f»ublipan  do£lrines  of  liberty  and  equa- 
ity,  to  obfervc  in  the  papers,  advert ife- 
menti  for  the  fale  and  purchaib  of 
fiegit}e8  and  their  children;  like  black 
cattle,  and  with  as  little  ceremony,  trans- 
ferred from  hand  to  hand !  how  dilgracc, 
jfijl  is  iuch  an  indecent  pra6tlce,  to  the 
acknowledged  good  lenfc  and  patriotifm 
of  the  Anglo- Amei'icans  !— ho\ve\'cr,  let 
tis  look  at  home,  ere  we  cenfure  them. 

The  police  ot  the  capital  is  good,  at 

leaft,  crimes  of  adang^erou*  kind"  are  feK 

^om  beard  of,  and  very  rarclr'cotnmirted 

•t>y  the  native- wiiit«*s ;  not heiv  atone^  but 

-  throvp-hnut  the  Umted  States?    yet  the 

"•'Wiorals  of  the  popuiace,  and  the  youth, 

Its  in  moft  other  'iea*ports,  :are  vicious 

in  th-a  c'Xtrc-nrw^i  more  proftitutes,  pro- 

.  baWy,  aWmdlng  in'NoW-York,  Phi- 

.  'i(idel'p{ua>  and-Ciuurkiiovmv  -than  in  any 


towns  of  the  miithcrV4bottntry«  rf  tf^oA 
fize.  The ftierchants tveiiiduftriouB, and 
fedwluufiy    a^ve   and  cxpot   in   their 
commercial  tranfa£tionfi>  cmulaiisg  their 
tteighbours   in  wealth    and    f}:deiklourt 
and  (Ment  of  cnicrprize;  asd  willt  pei- 
hapJi>  ere  lon^,  outvie  them  ail!   for* 
New.'York    bids  fair    to   becoiae   the 
grand  emporium  of   commerce,    of  ihe 
Federal   Republic,  notwitliftandisg  tie 
fanguine  expectations  of  the  new  city  of 
wShington  on  the  Pptomac.      Tbcir 
public  amufements  are  fimilar  to  oors 
m  England,  viz,  plays,  afiemblies,  con- 
certs,   billiards,    balls,    &c«    but  they 
have  another,  their  iayouritie  winter  dt- 
▼eriion,  which  we  are  ftrangers  td,  and 
that  fs  Weighing,  or  riding  on  fledge»— « 
kind  of  carriage,  drawn  fwiftly  by  one  or 
mose  horfes  along  the  frozen  furfacc  of 
the  fnow — ^the  eSfe  and  rapidity  of  tbe 
motion,  thejoyous  hilarity  of  the  parties 
on  the^  occaiions>  and  the  purity  aod 
ferenity  of  tlic  air,  can  only  be  conceived 
by  them  who  have  experienced  Aich  a  lin- 
gular and  expeditious  mode  of  tfaveUiAg  \ 
m  thefe  fcftive  cxcurfions;  th^  American 
fiir  throw  off  their  ufual  refenrc  and 
fang-frohif  evincing  as  much  gaiety  and 
vivacity  as  their  lovers  and  admirers  can 
poiilbly  deiire !   Confumptions  are  much 
attributed   to    thefe  noaurnal    iroUcs, 
from  the  fudden  expofure  to  the   ktea. 
fix>fty  air,  after  the  exceffive  fatigue  of 
dancing ;    iuch  parties  ufually  terxninat- 
ing  with  a  dance,  and  tea  or  cofFec,  at 
fome  of  the  numerous  houies  of   public 
cnteitaimcnt  in   the  neighbourhoUi   of 
the  city.     I  f|ifpeft,  however,  tnat  Hy- 
mca  derives  as  many  votaries  from  thde 
mirthful  Laponian  jaunts,  as  Efcuiapius  \ 
a  warm  fur  drefs,  on  thi^  occaiioBS,  is 
a  requifite  precaution?  it  is  really  amv- 
fing,  to  oblerve  the  extreme  cagexnefs  cf 
the  Americans  for  this  darling  exerciie, 
and  how.anxioufly  they  wiflt  for  the  Joc^ 
duration  of  fi^  and  &ow. 

Inland,  at  Hudfon  and  Albany,  for 
inftance,  tbe  weather  is  lefs  broken  by 
fudden  thaws  thari  at  New- York,  w'  ere, 
from  the  vicinity  of  the  fea,  it  i»  moiJhi 
and  more  variable.  The  New- Yotrker? 
begin  to  encourage  mu  0c,  and  the  drama; 
hut  the  arts  and  fcicnces  are  lefs  attended 
to  than  among  their  more  aorthem  neigh- 
bours :  at  prefent,  they  appear  totallr 
abforbcd  in  the  purfuitt  x>f  wealth  asd 
pleaiiire.  Take  them  in  |;eBeral  they  arc 
an 'acute,  fltrewd,  hi^h?(pirited  peopfe; 
fond'ofbulinefs  andoi  good  cheery  w^unn 
in  their  tempers  and  prejudices,  but  it>- 
ciaWe^and  iiicndiyi  where  their  eircuin- 
.     •  .      £iA(es 


ifM^Tbti....Occl^if^Hf.,k.I>iety  tijc* 


Its 


luftH  t^it*     Tbe  country  people  re-* 
ftnobJe  their  aeigblioors  of  New- Jersey 
tnd  PaBlyhanim;    a    plodding^   ibber» 
Jiardy  race  f  ^unch  nspoblicansy  but  not 
(o  aAire  and  intelligent  3«  the  New*£ng« 
laDders  or  Virginiaosy  iliaug^  haodTomer 
in  featuit  and  eompknon  than  the  latter. 
Many  <£  the  iettlers  in  this  ftate  are 
■nignntft  from  New-England  and  Great 
Britain^  and  chiefly  in  the  fanning  line  j 
ogriculciipe,  next  to  commerce,  being  the 
moSt  lucrativt  employ.    In  the  pesibnal 
^peanuice   of    the  Anglo-Americans, 
Bothiflg  isJb.ftrUcing  as  their  height  of 
ftature  t  prdiably- being  the  talkft  race  of 
whitesdiftmgl  with  this  difference  among 
tliem>  in  the  fouthem  ftates  the  inhabitants 
teneraliy  beingof  a  lank,  meagre  habit  of 
body,aiKi  iwarthy  or  fallow  complexioned, 
and  in  the  midland  and  northern  much 
iouter  and.  faicer.'    The  Back  Woodf- 
men,   as  the  whites  ail  along  the  in- 
terior line  of  the  ftates  are  teimed,  are 
ahnoft  gigantic.     The  Americans  are 
ifemarkable  alio  for  their  ftraight,  clean  * 
unike  3  fi^/  of  them  bavmg  knock- knees 
tr  rouad-flioujders ;    and  their  eonnte- 
ann^s,  in  geoera],  are  more  expredive 
than  the  northern  Europeans.  The  name 
t{  Friend,    or  Quaker,  in  the  mother 
country^  ainoft  implies  gravity  and  ie- 
datenefs^  hot  amonf  their  lefs  metbodi- 
cai  defcendants,  acrofs  the  Atlantic,  mer- 
'  rimmt  and  conviviality  are  as  eagerly  pur- 
fued  IS  among  othei'  ie^aries ;.  nevcrthe- 
Icfs,  th^  are  equally  diAingiiiihed  hy  tbt 
uiet'ul  accompaniments  of  diligence,  punc- 
tuality, fobn^ty,  and  other  virtues :  their 
women  may  fveL  be  called  the  Fair  Qua-- 
kers !  and  may  fn-ve  as  a  pattern  for  their 
charming  fex  j  for  in  every  tinily  ami- 
able quality  they  excel  $  in  the  mental 
and  domcftic  aiccompljihments  none  esc- 
ceed  themt    I  found   women    amongft 
them  of  extraordinary  fenle  and  informa- 
tion }  the  houn  that  frivolous  women  of 
fa/hion  and  diilipation  devote  to  id&enefs  . 
and  folly,  thelc  lovdier  females. employ- 
ing to  Very  different  purports.    As  to 
the  polkicai  tenets  of  the  Qnakcrs,  who 
are  very  nuhienous   in  all  the  midbnd 
i^ates,  Vhcy  are,  unanimoully,    decided 
republicans ;  yet  hofjntable  and  welUdif- 
po^ed  to  tlie  Britilhi  allUough  not  of 
eh<!ir  neUgto«is  perfuafion,    i   aflbciated 
nuich  with  them  during  my  abode  in 
America;  therefore,  in  juftice  to  their 
meritSy  ,1  embrace  this  pubiicacknow- 
ledgffticnt  of  their  many  iaudablequaii- 
tie».     The  Amuican  women  are  fond  of 
dr?i'H,  and  follow  the  l^ondcn  fashions, 
as  c»gfyjy  is  our  provincial  ladie*?'  tlity 
a^e  laodct    and  aeiaved  to  Grangers, 


and  are  abnoft  idolked  by  the  men,  wh« 
defervedly  pay  them  eveiy  re%e£l  and 
indulgence  I  a  convincing  proof  witb 
me,  both  of  their  morals  and  un- 
dei^amiine.  In  their  mfttrimonial  con* 
neflions,  both  fexes,  to  their  crtdit, 
apparently  confoit  real  affeaion  and 
choice,  more  univerfally  than  we  do* 
Wedlock  with  them  is  not  a  mercenary 
and  fordid,  but  an  honourable,  diiinte- 
refted,  and  indifpoifable  tie.  The  fel£ih 
or  vicious  characler  of  a  rich  old  bachelor 
is^  of  courfe,  rate  among  them :  (b  is  tht 
praftice  of  giving  portions  wjth  daugh* 
tersj  inllead  whereof,  it  is  cuftomary 
for  parents  to  fumiih  the  houfe  of  the 
young  couple,  according  to  their  (btion 
in  lile,  which  is  termed  a  "  fetting  off.?' 
Children  inherit  in  the  way  of  Gavel- 
kind} parental  •alfirfiion  and  common 
>  ienfe  thus  taking  their  due  courfe^  unK 
Aackled  by  the  arbitrary,  tmnatural,  and 
proud  diftin^bons,  that  diigi-aoo  modem 
Europe,  wherever  ariiiocracy  and  here- 
ditary rank  hold  their  iron  fway.  This 
commendable  pra^icc  effeftually  pre- 
vents the  cldeft  ion  from  beggaring  his« 
juniors  i  whilft  it  enfures  3^t  happy 
mediocrity  of  property  and  condition 
which  pervades  the  Fcederal  States, 
of  ,  America.  Rowing,  failing,  and 
batiiing,  are  favourite  divrrfions  witji 
the  Ntw- Yorkers  5  and  in  the&  vtrhole- 
fome  exci  ciies  no  people  have  a  Ener  . 
fcopc  to  indulge.  The  maikets  arc  plcn- 
tituliy  AipplR»d  with  all- forts  of  ,ex- 
ctlient  proviiiOHS — fifli,  flelh,  and  fiwvi, 
&c. }  fevei^l  of  the  former  I  think  mu^ 
inferior  in  their  refpe^ive  kiivis  to  ours  t 
viz.  Ikate,  raackarel,  and  cod  j-  however, 
they  have  (ithcis  peculiar  to  their  coall ; 
the  ilirep's*head  for  initant-e,  arid  the 
black  fiih.  Their  fruits,  the  apple  ea* 
ccptcd,  arc  likcwifc  greatly  interior  in 
flavour  to  thofe  of  England  j  but  the  de- 
ft^, I  incline  to  imagine,  lies  in  the 
want  of  attention  to  horticulture,  not  to 
climate  and  foil :  though  the cxtreraefc- 
verity  of  their  winters  is  perhaps  ujjlk- 
vourable  to  the  pi-odudlion  of  th«  more' 
delicate  kiuds  ot  fruits 

T  Ue  wines  molt  in  ufe  arc  Madeira, 
and  Claret,  but  Li  (ben,  Port,  and  Sher- 
ry* ai%  JK>t  uncommon*  Spisits  and 
water,  cyder,  and  London  jJortcr,  are 
likewiie  the  common  beverage.  Houie- 
rcnt  is  dear ;  k)  is  labour  i  in  fa&,  New- 
York,  in  confe^ttcnCe  of.  the  vaft 
iccreafe  of  commerce  and  population, 
is  become  one  o£  .the  dcareft  and- 
molt  expenfive  towns  toreiide  in  upon 
the  Ail  eri^aa    Continent  t    though  on . 

£  b  a  Long 


tM     Jpofheojis  ofHTikBn  49i  y9hiifritf...Mf.  Su^fSMmfafflons. 


JLbng  Jtokli'wiiliia  a  IW  wfih%t^  th6f 
Capital,  a  lami>y  can  )kvt  QoxiiiiirtaMy 
fritb  a  moderaie  mcoiHe* 

The  ciaiies  oi  emigrants  itioH-  ]iluly«  M 
profpcr  m  AnMvica,  arc  l»c  iuiiiiftrwo*/ 

and  the  active  trader }  not  tiie  iitentry 
iMn-Mhe  loungiag  idler-««r  the  fitle 
^Rfti^niaii  • 

6^nctfreJy  wS/htnr  a  long  contintiance 
of  tiic  mvaluable  Meflliirgs  of  ptace  and 
civil  tranquillity  to  Un.ted  Ai"nerica,  I 
conchide,  Mr.  Editor*,  ttith  Aibicrlbing 
wj{^\  youjf  hvmlilt  fervanf 

J.  S.  DK  CAMPOLIDf . 

Lmdoit,  Feb.  1798. 

IN  your  Marine  for  Jamiar?  laft,  h 
n  cntiekm  on  the  *«  Afotffeojis  $f  MH- 
li»,"  which  l«  rpoken  of  as  undoubtedly 
written  b)r  1>.  JoHoibn*  It  is,  indeed, 
nrinced  hi  oAe  of  the  tatter  of  thoie  ro^ 
Ittmety  w4rich  hare  been  jHiblifhed  » the 
works  of  Dr.  Johiifon;  but,  from  the  in- 
ternal evidence,  I  never  believed  it  to  be 
the  produdion  of  Johnfcn;  and  Mr. 
Bofwcll*s  lifi!  of  hhn  contahis  f^flkient 
evidence  that  it  was  not  written  by  him- 
Borwell  fays,  *«  It  ha»  been  efTone- 
jmily  foppcfed,  that  an  EiTay  publiflied 
in  the  •*  Getftieman^s  Ma§fas:ine/ar  x  739," 
vtrais  written  by  Johnfonj  and,  on  that 
Aippclitictt,  it  has  been  improperly  in. 
ferted  in  tlw  edition  of  his  works  by  the 
bookfeliera,  after  hi*  dcceaie.  Were 
there  no  pofttive  Ukitnony  a*  to  thii 
point,  the  %Ie  of  the  performance,  and 
the  name  of  Shakcipearc  not  being  meiv 
tioned  in  an  clfay,  profefledly  reviewing 
the  principal  EngUm  poetS)  woukl  afcer- 
tatn  it  not  to  be  the  pioducVion  of  John- 
foa.  But  there  is  here  no  occafion  to  re- 
fort  to  internal  evidence;  for  rty  tend 
bfChopof  Saliibitry  (Dr.  Dou<:las^  -hat 
.  afltired  me,  that  it  vraj  written  by  Oath* 
rie.'* 

Among  the  injurious  attacks  againfl 
Milion,  may  be  niiniberod  the  paraUei 
between  Milton  and  Ciiatterton,  pub* 
li{ht^i  in  the  lite  of  the  latter,  in  order 
to  a^i*randi«e  Chatterton.  Milton,  in 
that  paiaflttl,  is-  treated  with  the  nkjft 
l^rofs  and  nianieful  injuftice. 

Mtrtb  13,  it79».  H.  S. 

•  ^\^* 

1'  Wi*-.f  a  lettrr  fttne  ttmc  agm,.  re- 
qucftli^g  th-.t  ore  uf  your  numereiu* 
t^rierpondtats  vrcujiiftfiwinmc,  ikrov^h 


thew  chMtfel  -^  ya«r  Mafuhit)  .Hmhtl- 

.there  were  nol  iboictica,  itt  i«04pny  m 
other  places,  ibr  Che  puFpoi«  of  hett^is^ 
annual  I'uAM  %4  mwMf  iipon,'  clorgyimNi 
poiHiTed^f  beneflce»(^  (Mali  valuer  mif 
atfoj  of  the  maoher  itt  which  to  proceid 
for  obtaining  ibch  donations.  Since  my 
ftnding  that  letter,  which,  ekh^  from 
your  jud^Ag  it  not  f^ttt^M  ^  yoof 
work,  or  from  its  being  hf  fonie  Mcideai 
loft,  was  nevet"  iftiertedf  I  h«ve-.£Minik 
that  fomcthing  of  this  iifttvirt  is  giviiA  sn- 
nnaUy  by  a  MV*  Stone,  btlft  ti|K>ii  what 
oenAitlont  I  kjKiw  dot.  I  hai%»  ihi^oi*, 
to  de^  you  will  favour  mo  lb  £ff  aat* 
give  this  a  place  iii  foiHe  HitwrttuBbnv 
and  as  early  as  pofiibit«  Mvridad  il))C]ii>C 
contrary  to  the  orighau  deftgyi  otf  your 
i-epofitoi-y ;  aiklp,  t£owi4ey  th«t  £»<  el 
youff  reacUrs  wtll  commooicato  what  ii* 
formation  they  oan  uooA  «ht  kMftBi. 

When  it  it  cottfidered  that  tinre  art 
Uvings  tmitr  tnuntiy  fmunU  p^rMmutif 
much  bUme  mvft  attach  to  the  Gover* 
dore  of  queen  Anne'iboQAtT}  and  efpe- 
cially  if  it  be  true,  at  has  been  alTertedy 
that  they  might  have  augmoited  every 
Irving  ui  the  kingdom  fo  the  yearly  value 
of  ofu  hmndrtdfowidt* 

I  would  o£Eer  it  to  the  confi^eratiot)  of 
your  correfpondent  B.  6.*  whether  Bi- 
fliop  Pearfon  has  not  given  a  itoors  per* 
feft  and  complete  iHuftratioU  of  «<  tho 
commTjftion  of  &ints,^  than  that  of 
Archbtlhop  Seeker.  After  eftplaimng 
tbefe  words  ievcrally,  the  Bi(hop  thus 
cooohides :  **  1  am  fully  perfuaded  of 
this,  as  of  a  neceiRiry  and  infiiUible 
troth,  that  (uch  perfons  as  are  truly 
fan^lified  in  Chrift,  white  the^tive  among 
the  crooked  generationt  ot  men^  and 
ft'^^gJ^  with  all  themiftries  of  this 
world,  have  feUo%vOiipwith  Ood  the  Fa- 
ther, Ood  the  Son,'  and  God  the  Holy 
Ghoft,  as  dwelling  with  them,  and  taking 
up  their  habitations  in  them :  that  they 
oanrtake  oi  the  care  and  kindnefs  of  the 
Wcfltd  angel«9  who  take  deiieht  in  the 
mtnidiatton  fer  ilteir  beae/k  5  ^r,b^kies 
the  external  felkywflirp  which  they  have 
in  the  word  and  racraments  with  ail  the 
nemhers  of  the  chutrh,  they  have  an 
intimate  utiron  and  conjunction  widx  all 
the  ^ints  on  eartli,  a^  the  living  luemtot 
of  Chrilt  J  nor  is  this  union  feparawd  by 
the  death  of  any,  but  as  Chriii,  in  ^i*om 
th«y  lite,  is  the  lamb  ilaitt  from  the 
fbundation  of  the  world,  fo  have  they 
ieltewfhipwith  all  the  taints,  which,  from  ' 
the  death  of  Abel,  hsve  ever  departed  in^ 

*  In  Che  A2<*tafuie  f^r  Jtauary  lift,  p.  28. 


Mr.MMiifrW^n  iU  Cfmrnunwi  9/  S^f..^Jim!Iss:  ttf 


W  the  bmb  whitherfoever  hr  goeth. 
And  thus  I  b«!iefe  die  communion  of 
hiAtt  ».••      t  am,  Sir,  your%  &c. 
KtPvUt^M'icii.  J.  ROBXNSOH. 


iFHecfibuf  fof  crkctfmbma  r  hvH  napfob*' 


As  wfaed  a  tlofl»  tluV,  with  huttger  bolJ, 


ArAiirAfo«fA^JIC94 
ftkttks  6f  Homer,  Vihgil,  ano 

KClLTON,  fcONTlNUED.) 


Srinily  round  tbe  fefleci^  of  tKc  fdlJ,* 
9p«e«  a  tail  got*  tfas  cUef  of  all  thetrasAy^ 
Or  baamy  flag,  high  ftalkiag  o'er  tbe  plain  { 
HU  boriid  luaa^  \i  vcavs,  ba  auot^  bo  Am^ 
Expands  his  jawfs,  and  darU  upon  tbc  frita| 
TheprUe  he  rends  with  a  tremendouB  xoar^ 
Aed^  growling,  rages  in  a  fooaa  of  gore» 

fku 

Theiv  feems  to  be  an  Inipropriety  la 
w^iklerii^ 


AMdl.flrtritcd  rtprefcntitton  of  a    WKfenting  the  Lion  as  w^ering  about 
Lfcn  tcarfng  hia  prey,  it  exhibited    tM^  otfol^,  when  he  meets  with  the 


bf  Hener  tt  tbe  loiiowing  iiinile. 
As  wben  the  mountain  lion,    fierce  in 

Attfl  the  gracing  het6  ffie  Afreft  bead 
Sdcds  hh  pray  ;  he  drft  the  finewy  tieck 
Breaks  with  ftrong  tMth;-  then  tearing  wide 

hit  way 
Drinks  down  the  Uopd^axii  all  ^e  entratli 

And  though  the  baylag  dogs  and  herdfmen 

rouad 
At  dlftance  clamour  toud,  dares  none  advance. 
And  bnvc  the  fight,  pale  fear  fo  chills  theii 

brcifts ; 
Thus  'mid  the  Trojan  bands  no  heart  fufhiin^i 
To  meet  Atrides^  glorying  io  his  might. 

U.  xvij.  6r. 

The  rtfonhlance  Is  the  more  exa6l,  as 
Menebus  employs  himfelf  in  dripping 
thrr  armour  of  Enphorbus,  after  he  had 
kfll.'d  him. 

The  joy  with  which  the  fame  hero  Is 
infplreii,  when  he  beholds  Paris  coming 
to  me!>t  him^  is  expreflcfl  in  a  limiie 
neaily  of  the  fame  k ind . 

Soj^yi  the  lion  when  a  mighty  prey 
Hunjj'rei  he  fciaes,  ovthe  horned  ftag. 
Or  ftuggy  goat ;  with  greedy  haflc  he  tears. 
Fir  ^vigcx,  though  around  the  a^ve  houndi 
ArJ  .Tietttci  youllv attack.  //.  iil.  13. 

^  The  btter  part  of  this  dcfcription  nn- 
ticlpatc$,  as  it  were,  the  eveat,  wUkh 
is  taJy  cxpeclcd  In  tbe  rcj*l  aftion,  .  Via;, 
gll>  a$  uliiaJ,  applies  the;  ikuile.  more- 
conciTtly  in  hia  inutation  of  it.    The 


ftaji  or  roebucky  (for  caprea  is  erroiieoiiily 
rendered  ^aof J  which  an  inhabitaaata  ot 
the  foreft :  in  other  refpe^s,  the  defcrip- 
tion  is  highly  fpiritedj  in  partieiilarf 
tke  efUhet  given  »o  theftae  «  fwrgenU^ 
in  cwnuay^  **  rifing  in  amWs,"  is  very 
poetical*  Tlia  word  begneu  bonrowed 
tty  this  tifanflator,  from  D^cn,  «x«  - 
preilea  tlte  iame  image,  though  kfa  Sor** 
cibiy :  that  of  high'j^alkiMg  is  foreign  to 
tKe  purpoie  |  and  the  wiuik  of  tlie  tna£* 
lation  is  raucb  t«o  diflFiife. 

I  fhali  add  one  more  paiTage  relnttve 
to  this  animal,  in  which  a  ftriking  and 
characleriftic  circirniftance  is  introditctd. 
The  ftern  refoiution  of  Ajax  proteftinjp 
the  dead  body  of  Patroclus,  i»  expreHed 
in  the  following  image: 

he  ((ood,  as  broods  a  Hon  o'er  his  ynonj. 
Whom  thro'  the  foreft  as  his  whelps  he  Ira.ia 
The  hunters  meet :  he  griwilr  glares  around. 
And  all  his  angry  brow  in  folds  Jefcends 
To  veil  his  eyes.  //.  xTii.   135.  , 

it  is  impoflibte  to  doubt  that  fiich  m 
pi<S^ure  was  taken  from  tiie  life. 

The  LeoptrrJ  or  Pc^ftther  is  once  alone 
introduced  by  Homer  as  an  object  of 
compariibn,  nor  can  it  he  fiid,  lint  the 
pi^hire  drawn  is  remaric^hly  chirafte- 
rlftic-of  t>ie  animal,  though  neither  can 
it  be  bfiimed  as  incorrect. 

/^3  the  pard  Iprings  forth 
Tfy-mtrct  the  hunter  fr^^m  her  gloomy  lalr. 
Nor  henrhi:;  l'>ud  the  hounds,  rears  or  retireSi^ 


in 

fiib»ca  is  MezcntLua  ruthmg  iipo^  and  ButVrhcth^-r  from  aft.r,  or  nigh  ar  hand 

kiUmetha  vouthU  wajrrior,  Acron,  dii-  rwe  pifirce  her  firft,  alrhd*  transfixt,  the  fight 

tmgtiftjed  by  ks  gay  omameuta,  StiU  tries,  and  combats^defpVate  tUl  flie  fall, 

linpaftoa  AabuU  altaleocen-  foepe  para-  *So  brave  Aatstnsr's  fon  Hcd  not,  or  fliiaak» 
grant,                                                  .»Till  he  had  proved  Achilles. 

(Snadateakn  voiamfanies)  ft  forte  fasacem  //.  xxi,  573.     Confer. 

Confpexu  caprwm,  aut  fargaBfieoa  in  «ornua  The  ?.pnlication  of  tfc  fimile  is  void 

cervum,  -..*.,                          ..       - 


Caadet  hia  its  immaoe,  comafque  arrexit,  U 
Tapict 


irio. 


^2  P^foAo^  the  Crud,  ^.  %y^  oiit* 


of  aii  peculiar  pnrprietr;  tor  Aefenor 
only  ftops  In  fligh^,  hurls  a  fingle  I'pear, 
and  ia.  Ibatched  wtwvy  tuxwoundedx  by 
ApoUo. 

The 


m 


imiksfrm  U^iBiaJIs  tA  Hmit^  hNi 


-The  7%fr,  t  t6tigieticr(Stj«  aniiniil, 
-tniid  a  fbck  of  Arrp,  affords  Virgil  a 
iimple  compartfon,  without  any  defcrip^ 
tion,  to  TuTnos  having  burft  his  way 
into  the  Trojan  camp.  Btit  Milton  his 
derived  a  very  charafteriftic  frniile  from 
the  fame  terrible  beaft,  m  which  its 
manner  of  feixing  its  prey  is  pointed  with 
Biiich  pifturefque  examiners, 

ThcB  as  a  tigcc,  wha  by  device  hath  ipy*4 
Jo  jTome  purlieu  two  gentle  Hvnaa  at  play, 
Straight  couches  clole>the9  riling  changes  oft 
"His  couchant  watch,  as  one  who  chofc  hii 

ground,  * 

"Whence  ruihing  he  might  fureft  feize  them 

both, 
Grip*d  in  each  paw.  Par.  L,  iv.  403. 

The  applkatioB  is  to  Satan,  watching 
tbe  a^oua  of  Adam  and  Eve  in  Paradi&« 

The  Wolf\  a  more  ignoble  beaft  of 
prey,  but  one,  which  from  its  bloody 
and  favage  charafter,  would  fuggeft  fit 
eomparffons  to  the  painter  of  war- 
fcfenery,  has  been  introduced  by  Homer 
with  his  ufual  tnith  and  fpirit.  The 
IbUowitig  is  a  perfe£l  piece  of  natural 
hi^iory. 

As  wolves  that  gorge 
The  prey  yet  panting,  terrible  in  force, 
When  on  the  mountains  wild  they  have  de- 
voured 
An  sntler'd  ftag  nsw-flain,  with  bloody  jaws 
Troop  all  at  once"  to  fomc  clear  founuin,  there 
To  lap  with  Qender  tongue  the  brimming 

wave  f  '     . 

No  idxt  have  they,  bat  at  their  cafe  t)t6t 
From  fuHnuiws  ^toleotthe  olottcd  gore$ 
Such  feem*A  the  Myrmidon  heroic  chtt£i 
AHembling  faft    round  the  valiant  friends 
Of  fwilt-^acidca.     IL  x\\.   156.   ,Qmu^, 

Theil"  hunting  in  ti'oops,  their  greedi- 
aeis  in  devcuring,  their  thirlty  conititu- 
tion,  the  fonxi  of  their  tongues  and 
Qianner  of  drinking,  are  fuch  clrcum- 
fiances  as  a  Buffon  would  leleft  in  dc* 
fcribing  them.  The  application,  as  a 
fimile,  anlwers  the  poet's  purpole  of  im- 
prefiing  a  terrific  idea  of  the  Myrmidons ; 
out  it  would  luvc  l>ecn  more  perfed,  had 
they  been  returning  from  the  ccmbat,  in- 
fttad  ot  going  to  it.  The  cagerncfs  with 
which  they  thrcrig  Vound  their  leader  in 
a  clofe  tixjop,  is  the  tfuly  refcrabling 
circwmftante  6i  tht'  pi^lure. 

Another  nat\irai  fimUe,  •  but  '  not 
wrought  with  the  force  ef  the  former,  \% 
derived  from  this  animal,  *by  Hbincr,' 
where  be  delcribts  the  rout  ot  the  Tro- 
jans, by  the  .vidociow  Gieeki»,  ktaded 
by  Patroclus. 


A*  favage  iwwalves  nigi  fenoW  tit  t!fA>tf> 
Or  kids  or  lambs,  fnatch'd  from  dtt'fcaeter'4 

fiock 
Adiid  the  nioontains  left  by  heedlefs  Twajn 
To  roam  u6tended,  I'udden  as  beheld 
They  lofc  their  feeUe  lives.  In  pieces  reatf 
So  furious  mfh'd  the  Danai  on  their  foes. 
9.  xvi.  35*. 

Virgil  Has  tliA^  ifaii'ries,  ik>t  banowd 
firom  Homer,  in  which  the  nMuonein  anl 
anions  of  wolves,  falniliar  ta  the  inh^* 
bitants  of  a  paftoral  coafttry,  ftt^  tepie« 
fented  with  much  nature  auid*  fpirit. 
The  firft  is  an  attack  of  a  troop  df^rohes 
in  a  mift,  compaxtd  to  the  no^lonial 
exploits  of  a  defperate  band  of  TngdnS} 
during  the  fack  of  their  city. 

Inde  lupi  ecu 
Raptores,  atra  in  nebula,  ^aos  impr^veflw 

tris 
'  Exegit  csecos  rabies,  catuli^tte  reUQt- 
Faucibus   cxpedant  ficcia  \    per    tcli)   per 

ho(te8 
Vadimus  baud  dubiam  in  mortem. 

i«».U.  355. 

As  hungry  wolves,  while  clouds  involve 

the  day, 
Rufli  firom  their  dens ;  and,  prowling  wide 

fol"  prey, 
How}  to  the  tempeft,  while  the  favage  breod, 
Stretched  in  the  cavern,  pant  and  thirfi  for 

blood; 
So  thro'  the  town,  determined  to  estpire, 
Through  the  thick-ftorm  of  darts,  and  fmcks 

and  fire, 
^raptand  furroonded  by  the  (hades  of  night, 
We  ruihM,  ace,  /iff. 

This  tranflation,  and  ftill  more  Dry- 
den  *8,  items  to  me  to  miftake  the  mate- 
rial circumftance  of  *•  ntra  in  nehtda^^* 
Which  they  paint  rather  as  a  ftoitn,  than 
"  adarkmiil,'' 

Tunius,  attempting  to  break  into  the 
Trojan  camp,  and  eagerly  trying  a  very 
acceiliblc  part,  is  very  happily  paralleled 
in  the  fbllomng  lines : 

Ac  veluti  pleco  lupus  Infidiatus  4wi}i, 
Cum  fremit  ad  caulas,  ventos  pcipefius  ct 

imbrofi, 
No£te  fuper  media ;  tuti  fub  matzibHS  a^i 
Ba latum  exercent:  Ule  aiper  Sc  icpprobus  ift 
Saeyit  ip  abrcnte£ :  co|Lc6la  fatigat  cdcndi 
£x  longo  rabies,  ,&  ficcs  fanguinc  U^ui* 
Haui^  alfter  Rutulo,  muros  &  callra taccti, 
Igncfcunt  ira:'.  ^n,  ix.  59- 

As  beat  by  tempefts,  and  by  iUniteboUt 
The  prowling  >N  oil  attemi^  U^4 

LoJ^^d    in  the  guaiued 

djims, 
%xh  from  the  favage, b 
The  nionikr  medttates  i 
Mow  howls  .with  \ 

for  blood  s 


Onibe  Atbtr  eftht  Pttma^rihtd to  EveiUl. 


»89 


XoiflUBoM  thft  fsQca  that  tKeprizo  cqn- 

..   Ui% 
itnd  oudly  raiges  at  the  flock  in  vaiat 
Tikus,  ai  th*  ^tt^tdcd  tow'f » ihc  chief  d&r 

(aries, 
&2£e  axe«  bis  foul,  and  fUihes  from  his  eyes. 

The  impotent  rage  of  the  aflailant, 
and  th4  icc^rity  of  3i»fe  lodged  within 
the  wail««  could  Scarcely,  in  all  the 
nnge  oi  QMure,  havi:  met  with  an  aper 
coioparifon, 

4-  ttriking  circumftance  of  chara6ler 
W  die  wo  J  f  has  iuggeiled  to  Virgil  a 
fimiie  ;ippiied  to.  d^  cowajdjy  Ai^unsj 
?.hQ,  after  infli«^ing  a  mortal  wound  on 
Camliia  with  his  javelin,  affrighted  at 
kis  own  deed>  ihrinks  back  in  flight. 
Ac  veltt(  \\\c^  pnus  quam  tela  imfoicn  fe« 

CoQtinuoia  {pontes  fefe  aviusabcUdit  altos, 
Ofciio  paitotc  lupus  magaove  juvcncQ, 
Coolcius  audacis  fudti*    cauuamque  remul- 

i.'ns 
Subjccit  paviUntem  utero,  filvafque  petivit. 
yE».  xi,  809. 

A|  when  a  prowling  wolf,  whofe  rage  has 

auxtx 

Some  ftacely  heifer,  or  the  guardian  fwain, 
flics  to  the  mountain  with  impetuous  lipe^edj' 
Cvniu:,M,  ani  CQ..{ciou$  PI  the  darmg  deed, 
C'-^ps  clofe  hiS  <|aivering  Uil  between  his 

thig;h?, 
^e  yet  the  peopled  coyntry  round  hjm  rife. 

Fttt, 

It  is  bm  Juftlce  tQ  obiervei  that  the 
ftrong  exprtHion  of  thp  laft  line  but  one, 
in  the  cranUation,  is  copied  from  Dry- 
den's. 

Milton  could  be  no  more  than  an  Jmi^ 
tator  in  chufmg  the  Wolf  for  an  object 
ef  compariibnj  but  the  application  in 
the  following  fimile  is  new,  and  the  re- 
ft mbiance  ycry  perfe|5l.  It  refers  to 
Satan,  leaping  with  a  bound  gvcf  the 
wJl  of  Paratfife. 

As  when  3  prowling  woJf 
Whom  h-unger  drives  to  feck  new  haunt  for 

prey, 
Watch iijg  where  ihepherds  pen  their  flocks 

ait  eve 
In  hfirdl^d  «>ecs-  tm!d  the  field  fecure, 
^jp9  0^  the  ttn«r  with  eafe  into  the  fold. 
i^.X,.  iv.  1S3. 

far  ^^  Mfffitbjy  Magaxine^ 
C'>SC£RK'lttfG  THE  AUTHOR  OP  SOME 

PoejUs  Ascjuiifiinro  Ezekibl. 


clef  of  Ezekiei  are jgenutne  tbrougaouty 
that  the  coUefkire  fragments  aieribed  to 
him,  ii^cre  all  really  written  by  this  poet, 
Adiflfonance  of.charA^icr.in  thefe  com^ 
pofitions,  inviti^a  rather  to  embrace  ai| 
oppofite  fufpicioxi/ 

Whoever  reads  the  firft  twenty-four 
chapters  of  Ezekiel,  will  be  iiruck  with 
the  identity  of  manner  which  pervade* 
thcra.  The  poet  .is  evidently  a  man  of 
rigorous  and  bufy  imagination,  but  of 
low  and  ignoble  tafte  j  prone  to  ideas 
phyfically  and  morally  (c.  iy,  and  c. 
xxiii.)  obfc  ne.  He  appears  to  know  Je* 
ruralcm  and  its  vicinity,  and  the  banks 
of  the  Chebar,  (Chaboras)  from  Carche- 
miih  (Kerkifieh)  to  Tel-abib  (Thalia^ 
ba) :  with  the  relt  of  the  world  he  be-r 
trays  little  acquaintance.  His  favourite 
formula  is  to  begin  with  a  parallel,  or 
allegory,  which  he  leaves  awhile  wholly 
enlc;matical,  and  then  explains  by  thi 
sanation  of  a  corr%jfponding  event,  (c.v, 
c.  viii.  &c.)  He  i$  a  di^ulc  writer :  not 
content  to  indicate,  he  com  pleats  all  his 
iuage&j  defcrlbes  from  head  tofoot,witl|. 
^eedlcfs  detail  and  induflrious  circumn 
lUntiality  ^  and|  inilead  of  fsle^ing  ths 
finefl  groupes,  parades  before  us  the  en<« 
tire  proc?flion  of  his  thoughts.  Of  his 
writing,  the  general  *  tenour  19  didaflic, 
and  invitee  the  pfnifal  of  fellow-captives. 
'  Fi-orathe  xxvth  to  the  xxxlid  chapter  . 
incluflve,  a  diilin£l  and  loftier  vein  of  poe». 
try  prevails.  Nothing  low,  or  fpun-o[ut» 
here  requires;  apology.  All  is.di^nifie^ 
iimple,  concife,  fublime.  A  proiullon  of 
geographical  knowledge  is  ieduloufly  diT* . 
played ;  fucb  as  might  be  expelled  from 
a  profei&d  htftortographer  of  the  cajn- 
^aigns  of  Nebuckadrezar,  and  from  the- 
companion  of  his  marches.  Thefe  poems 
ail  relate  one  or  other  entcrpriic  of  the 
king  of  Babylon}  and  feem  rather  ad« 
drelled  to  metropolitan  readers  than  to 
captive  Jews.  Tney  were  evid^tly  .writr 
ten  on  the  Ipur  of  the  occaiion ;  unce,  at 
the  moment  of  the  blockade  of  Tyre> 
the  poet  does  not  hefitate  to  threaten  its 
capture,  (c.  xxvii.)  but,  in  a  fubfeqiient 
poem,  we  find  (c.  xxix.  y*  iS.)  that  the 
uege  had  been  unfuccelsful,  and  that  the 
king  was  marched  forward  to  Jlgypt,  For 
this  mifcalculation,  for  this  want  of  fore^ 
i)ght,  the  poet  apologizes,  and  addre/Iing 
himfclf  to  the  kmg  of  Tyre,  fays  nearly; 
f*  It  is  true,  I  called  your  refiUancc 
proud,  but  1  perccive  you  climated 
"our  ftrengthj  ,you  wcre.wiiei: 


— ^'  -^ight^palafbr 
than 


??«^ 


Jtdiv rfSukkl...  4^.  BHjfma^gTm^. 


tbpBl/'  AikU«Adu/Bcicc«&Ni»tbe|><Kt 

names  KimTelf  {c,  xxviil.  T.  -j.)  DinkU 
Jt  i»  worthy  of  remark^  tiat  ihcik  poeoui 
niiBUtcly  agree  in  chara^r  w/tb  tjbr  Utex 
omckfr*"  aJcrlbtcJ  to  Xiiiiah>  and  widi  the 
qdvlth  folllt  chapters  of  Jeremiah. 
ThexxxyLh>xxxviutb»aojd  xxicizth  fhap- 

*  **  Ifabh  flcuri/hcd  under  Uziiah  one  year, 
•liderjothsm  l6  years,  under  Ahax  i6  years, 
.  atfd  under  Hczckiah  about  14  years  3  to  which 
ifnnre  add  25  yewit,  before  which  age  he 
voold  /carcely  nwre  BiTained  the  pirphetlc  of- 
fice,  we  inay  fuopcfe  -kiin  tn  bsTc  lived  abbot 
7ft  |(«ir%  Of  th«  mMy  onckt  sfcribed  to 
liim,  Cht  firil  dine  chapten  allude  to  peifoni 
o£hi$owA  atcsi,  and  ca  events  within  his  ob- 
fejvauc>aj  th^y  k^vc  the  commeu  ch^rafter 
of  the  poetry  oi'  hi*  country  about  thxt  time  | 
they  Arc  fuch  as  n^gl^  he  cxpcded  from  the 
ioa  of  tlie  grazier  at  Tckoa^  and  xzia^'  iafely 
fce  conQJered  as  written  by  him. 

••«  With  the  tenth  chapter  of  thf  work 
iMslrinf  his  name,  begins  poetry  of  a  much 
lagber  order,  the  produdioo  of  a  mind  more 
veftaed  by  cohures  the  iiteat  take  a-  morfe 
cae«|«theDfive  range:  in  geography,  in  htf* 
tasy»tl«  peet  ii  mere  learned*  with  Babylon 
sad  itM  vicinity,  he  ^fees)*  ikmiliiir)  witk 
C^ms^  and  every  aabo&e  particular  of  thn 
i&evocabU  fie^  ^  is  corredlly  acquainted  ^ 
in  the  art3  pf  compofition  he  is  an  adept  i  hit 
ft^Ic  paces  with  (he  mcafurcd  ft^p  of  grace  j 
lus  wide  genius  b  equal  to  (he  Mdeft  foar, 
msfA^  feems  to  /brefeel  the  immortality  to 
whicli  it  was  bom.  Now  it  Is  certain,  that  the 
snrthendxvlt'h  chapters  of  thefe  oracles,  arc 
mt  the  work  of  Ifaiah.  The y  allude  to  th* 
&H  of  Moaby  »d  ««ve  written  (rvt  14.) 
wiehm  tirt€  yean  of  its  dcftru6Hon.  Bnt 
Itob  was  overthrown  (Jofephus,  Ant.  s.9.> 
about  nre  years  aitec  the  taking  of  Jeiulalem 
^  KobuchadKeraar,  or  iiis  ferrants,  and  a 
long  ccjitury  after  the  death  of  Jfaiah. 

**  It  remains,  theoi  to  (oofulcr  thoTe  and 
a!!  the  fubfequeat  chapters,  as  4a  anthology^ 
by  various  unccriOn  hanJ';  j  or  from  the  iden- 
tity of  cKiruAer  (ini  that  of  no  common  nor 
imitahle  kind)  which  pervades  them,  to  af- 
ctibe  them  to  fome  one  later  author.  If  this 
leibarce  be^npfbrred,  as  in  reafon  it  oughf, 
jt  might  be  contended,  that  the  work  ^U 
ctibed  to  Daniel,  canoet  be  hH  fCt/Bis 
^tmt  •fUi^nti  Profhfcyt  p.  14^  &c.)  but 
iaapailerior  wriUni;,  probably  as  late  s&  Aa* 
tiochu&  £pip banes :  that  thfi  exxftence  of  this 
iegcndj  no  lefs  ilun  the  tdlimoay  of  £ze- 
kicl,  is  a  proof  of  %he  Ugh  traditional  repu- 
tation of  Daniel,  \^hif.h  inuft  hjve  h-id  fomc 
crafej  that  the  cere f of; Lion  of  the fe  poems 
h  a  probiblc  caufe ;  and  that  the  t/.»;:is  of 
ideA  prevailing  In  them,  nre  fuch  a<  his 
time,  his  place,  his  circumftan-es,  would  pe- 
cvliar]y  tend  to  fuf* ;;e 9 :  and,  confiyi  ueivt) y, 
ekattfae  same  of  Ujniet  Aouid  once  ktrato  be 
ppttfivo4v  Mmtify  fymmWf  «oL  XXUL 
p.  49'-  •        .    - 


ten  pf  £«ekirU  ivn  «Up  tkri, 

of  ofiicial  wor-fonga.  Thctwo^atApt»'i« 
dently  rtiate  to  aji  expedition  upSafttiit 
Scythians.  Some  hefitatioawli^frit 
in  afcribing  the  {eric«  of  five  .^pt^ 
umntemjptcdlvtoJDamcij  aathcjwiit^ 
ch;ipter  is  much  In  the  ^e  oCExekieL 
.  Now  it  i«  not  at  all  unprobable,  that 
the  celebrated  JDaniel  was  %  te.  ct^fKt* 
bureat  to  Nttbu  *  Khadgczui  that  b| 
attended  hia  expeditions,  nod  fomppieA 
fojigs  of  triumph  or  ngrct  over  .the  ^tv 
mg  fcenery  of  his  eoterpi-i^.  .  J)ac!el, 
and  the  other  hoiisfu  Ctk&td  en  the  ^ 
redufiloa  of  Jerui^om,  appear ,Jo  hav« 
imbibed,  in  the  Chaldean  fchoola,  1 
fteady  alliance  tp  the  court  of  Bahyka^ 
for  lie  is  dclcribedr  by  hia  k^/^Auj 
biographer  (Panid  iu  4^.)^  M  M^  hipi 
favour  with  hit  fovereign. 

Inaiinuch  ta  thefe  johimatiosa  bifi 
weight*  they  tend  to  authorige  tb&  ie^ 
gation  of  A  very  fiae  fet  of  oracles  nroia 
thofe  of  Ifalalx,  Jeremiah^  a^d  BKckje^ 
mid  the  afcription  of  thiem  to  fimd* 

TOUR  OF  ENGLAND. 
(cotfTrMx;El>). 

J^mal  eif  a  Tour  through  almoft  evcrytoan^ 
in  England,  and  part  of  Wales,  by  Mr.  Jos  >f 
ffoe  s M  A f< ,  of  Cof^y,  near  Carliflie )  whe 
was  engaged  to  make  theTotfrhyagentle* 
man  of  dlAindion,  fm  the.p«fp«tfe  •f  m1« 
letting  authentic  ialbmiatibn  telaiivc  M 
«he  Aate  «f  |he  paifr.  l^ht  jmntH  om 
frifci  an  accooai  of  tha  (QUierai  ap|Na«n8| 
of  the  country^  of  the  foil,  furfacej  buiU* 

.  ings,  &c  with  ohfcrfatioaf  agricuiuitiJi 
commercial,  &c. 

L£IC£ST£RSHtRE  fo  iumnkt 
its  fine  breed  of  cattle  aai  tep« 
Thaie  aiiim4a  have  Utelj  bec»inprof«d 
to  a  great  4egree  of  pertelUoa  by  iont 
fpirited  faroMra  in  the  aovth  of  that 
county;  among  whom  th«  lata  Mr* 
BakeweU,  of  Di(hiey«  w»i  the  ieader. 
That  ^mlaman  kkBoi  the  htft  cvfo 
from  Lwcohiflitre,  and  oows  £ddoi  Lao* 
ca:fliire ;  he  eontmued  to  hrcrd  &on  thl 
fameftock,  ftili.pickmgthrfilifeihbaliBl, 
bcA  ihaped*  and  fudiol  tike  oainakai 

—';■■■        ■■■.-■w»*'     r    |i iiM     tif»^^*W^* 

«  y<.  l)u  ii  pUubly  the  Periun  ^a^^M  9tsi 
title  ocauring  alio  lu  tEe  nanMes^beoafitff 
Nabop^UO'r,  Nchuiaradair,  &c,'  KMrcMf 
feems  tJ  be  the  mode  of  vfnttp^jkJ^h}^^ 
Ictte--,,  the  old  Arojiiac  word  Tor  Ktcft^, 
Khofitjps,  or  tyrus,  whn4i  the  iMdera  S|. 
rians  vet  cxprrfs  bv  KcimfB'A^B^l'^^ 

f\\y  of  f^remiah  and  trekial  M,  'tlteft^^i 
pn^ltrabic  to  that  wif  iBns(  tei'ClBOnidd^ 
H^c^  read  K^bwibaiavfVi  .'••-•< 


Mr.  Hiufman^s  Tcur..„NorthamptonJhir^, 


Hftfe'toSI'iiKlindi  to  fatten,  for  future 
brmfeo,  tfll  he  was  acknowledged,  by 
uhle  fi^ftij  and  by  common  experience, 
to  poBeS  the  beft  and  moft  profitable 
i^pand  cattle  in  the  kingdom.     The 
price*  he  fold  them  for  were  moft  alio- 
oifliinp.  It  is  fatd  that  one  ram  brought 
him  1200  guineas  in  one  feafon  $  a  cow 
of  his  biieed  has  been  fold  for  160  gui- 
tKiSf  and  a  bull  was  let  for  ici  guineas, 
for  four  months  only.     Thete  improved 
breeds  are  now  rery  dcfcrycdiy  beginning 
to  rpreid  into  moft  part$  of  the  kingdom. 
The  iheep  areufually  fold  to  the  butchers 
at  two  years  old,  for  2I.  1 5$.  each.     In 
Lciceftcrlhire  they  experience  (bmc  incon- 
renieocr  for  want    of  turnips  |    a  few 
hmert  ftnd  tiieir  flieep  into  the  neigh- 
bouring  counties  to  winter  on  that  root, 
which  generally  cofts  about  ss.  6d.  or  6s. 
each  for  twenty  weeks.    The  expence  of 
iahring'is  jdfo  generally  found  untiecef- 
ftry,    which   is  a  pegiliar  advantage. 
Thfs  fin^  coiiDty  was,  Wit  many  years 
ago,  mofl^ly  m  commoner  open  fields, and 
produced  a  gieat  ^wd'of  com  5   fince  its 
indofurf  t(  hasrbetn  found  napft.  profitable 
in  ^rafs  i   that  circumftaAcev  as  obferved 
before,  occafionsmuch  murmuring  among 
the  inconfiUcrat^  people  5  who  ought  to 
recoiled,  th^t  ^vcry  pviili  or  diftriS  can- 
not fupply  itiHf  with  aU  neceAaries,  and 
that  the  general  intercftof  the  nation  at 
Urgtkfliidvaooed,  by  applying  the  ibii  cf 
every  i^ilbi^^  to  tbe  prod«aion  of  Axh 
kind  o£  kuman  food  as  it  is  beft  adapted 
to  J  bccaiife  a  ^ater  plenty  may  be  ex- 
pelled.    If  Leicefterfhire  produces  more 
beef  and  mutton  than  it  would  do  grain, 
perha^rOxKcirdiiii^or  Berkfbtre  Wifes 
nuwecdm  thto  it  would  do  beef  ormut- 
feoB,  on  tkr  {amifr  quantity  of  knd :  why, 
tha«fQit,  ihd«[d  not  the  grazier  %m  the 
ibrnicv,  ami  the  plowman  the  latter  f    I 
need  nor  remind  «li»  advowees  for  the  ckl 
iVftem,  that  thw^more  animal  feod  is  pro^ 
OQCcd  in  osediftria,  the  USk  is  oecellary 
to  bt  raifisd  in  another }  whkh,  of  courfe, 
givea  more  icopc  to  the  plow,  whetvitu 
uM  CO  tiie  gmttft  advantage.— The  po.. 
puiatiai  of  Leicofterihire  fcemt  to  be  re- 
diMRl  msiicr  the  prefeht  fanning  fyfbm  ; 
a  farm  of  too  aci%s  can  now  be  occupied 
both  at  much  lefs  exoence,  and  with  much 
h{s  labour.    This  ilVo  furniflies  the  poor 
man  witi  matter  of  complaint  j  but  his 
arg\in>enU,  in  that  refpe£k,  are  equally 
groundkf^  ;    for  if  labour  be  decreafed 
heret  it  n^(fc  be  proportionably  increi^ed 
in  corn-diib-iAt.    It  muft,  however,  be 
aUow«fl#   tbat  a  temporary  inconvenience 
to  the  labourinr  poor  will  take  plac«, 
Monts.Mao.  No.  XXIX. 


191 

whch  fuch  a  fuddcn  change  in  the  agri- 
cultural fyftem  happens,  as  that  which 
has  recently  occurred  in  this  county  j  but 
that  inconvenience  will  decreafe  by  de- 
grees, till  it  wholly  difappears. — I-cj- 
cefterfliire  fcems,  in  general,  to  have  a 
ftrong  foil ;  the  furface  uneven,  and  in 
Tome  parts  rather  hilly  j  the  air  pure,  but 
not  fo  much  water  as  might  be  wilhed  % 
nor  are  the  roads  fo  pleaTant  as  in  fomo 
lefs  fertile  counties.  But  notwithfbnd*^ 
bg  tiiefe  inconveniences,  I  have  not  hi-* 
thertD,  feen  any  county  which,  upon  tho 
wiiole,  appears  to  afford  fo  many  defira* 
ble  objef^s  in  a  country  refidcnce. 

Auguft  29,  Brixworth  to  Northamp* 
ton,  fix  miles. — A  pleafant  level  country, 
and  rather  woody.  The  people  reaping 
wheat  J  a  great"  deal  of  that  grain  pro-, 
duced  here,  and  very  ffood :  turnips  arci 
alfo  much  cultivated.  I  paded  an 
^egant  ieatof  Lord  Staffo^rOs  on  tba 
left.  Moft  part  of  this  diilri^  appears 
to  have  been  indofed  not  many  years  ago« 
Bnildings  moftly  of  ftone.  Northamptoii 
is  a  pretty  lacge  townj  its  ftreets  am 
wide  and  clean;  houfes  well  built] 
flagged  walks  dn  each  fide  the  ftreet;  the 
market-place  a  large  fquare,  and  fur-, 
rounded  with  very  genteel  houfes :  thif. 
town,  in  Hiort,  is  the  moft  pleafant  coun-t 
try  market  town  I  have  f^en,  Oxfora 
perhaps  excepted.  Northampton  ftandt 
on  a  nne  fertile  plain,  and  the  countrjr 
around  it  is  beavtiful.  Thia  town  wa« 
remaikable  for  themanufaAuffeof  Qice»| 
bnt  although  flioe-maktng  is  at  prsfent 
one  of  the  principal  employs  of  the  inha* 
bitants,  it  is  carried  on  now  much  lel« 
than  formerly.  Somethmg  is  alfb  done 
in  wool -combing  and  jerfey-fplnning-  as 
alfo  in  working  of  lace.'  This  town 
contains  four  pariih  churches,  and  acood 
inHrmiary.  Faim^  in  tlie  neighhourhocd 
icol,  to  aool.  a  year. 

September,  ad,  I  left  Northampton^  and 
vmst  to  Kode>  in  Northamptoafture,  eight 
miles.  The  foil  is  a  ftrong  loam  $'  luc- 
face  uneven  5  pretty  hedfi;e  rows  j  plenty 
of  trees,  and  the  road  tolerably  good.  In 
this  day's  joiuney  I  again  meet  with  flint 
.  mixed  with  the  foil,  andfome  curious  pe- 
.  trefaflions  among  the  gravel  with  jwhiqh 
the  roads  ai*e  made ;  tnefe  peti^fied  fub- 
ftances  are  called  by  the  inhabitants  crow 
ftone^  and  Uiundcrbolts.  The  former 
have  been  fhelis  fomewhat  rednnbiisg; 
cocklesy  and  this  latter  ace  generally 
found  tvni»  throe,  or  fottiL  inches  long^ 
ab«iMt  the  thicknciir  ofone's  little  ingTf 
and  Dointed  at  one  end  $  they  are  nearly 
round,  nd  have  fomcthing  like  a  hollow 


igi      NorthamptQt^Jhire.-^Exertiimi  of  France  in  nmking  Armi. 


place  in  the  middle,  which'  time  has  filled 
up  5  but  whether  they  have  originally 
been  animal  or  Vegetable  liibftances,  I 
cannot  form  a  conjefture.  Many  of  the 
hourc$  are  boilt  with  a whiteifli  fteellonc, 
and  thatched.  The  people  are  reaping^ 
fine  crops-  of  wheat  all  along  j  the  la- 
bourers fccm  laty,  and  have  bad  methods 
of  reaping;  a  lervant  girl  in  Cumber-' 
land  wotild  do  much  more  wort:  itl  the 
harveiV  field,  than  any  of  thefe  labourers 
which  i  have  obftrved.  Rode  is  a  finall 
farming  Viflage,  the  bnildings  of  which 
are  mean,  and  thatched.  Farms,  from- 
lol.  to  lool.  a  year,  and  the  land  be- 
longing to  the  village  moftly  in  comnion 
field  ;  the  produce,  wheat,  oarley,  peafe, 
aiid  beans-.  Rent  about  los.  6d,  peracre. 
The  land,  in  moft  of  the  neighbouring 
parifhes,  is  alfo  in  common  field  ;  the 
eonftant  rotation  of  crops  arc,*  firft,  fal- 
low j  iircond,  wheat,  or  barley;  third, 
peafe,  beans,  or  oats.  Where  common 
ficfds  have  been  inclofed,  the  rents  are 
generally  do\tbled,  which  is  thebeil  proof 
of  the  great  advantage  of  inclofmg.  In 
common  fields,  no  hay  or  grafs,  for  paf- 
turc,  can  be  had,  ana  confeqiiently  tew 
cows  are  kept,  and  them  miferably  fed  ori 
<he  headlands,  &c.  during  the  day,  and 
are  tinder  the  neccflity  of  being  confined 
ftt  the  night;  a  very  gi^at  inconvenience. 
In  this  and  the  neighbouring  villages, 
tnany  of  the  women  are  lace- workers.  In 
farmers*  boufes,  -the  work  of  the  females 
is  confitted  to  cookery,  fowing,  &c.  and 
lb  fer  from  being  ufcful  hi  tlie  harvef^ 
field,  even  in  the  moft  bufy  times  of  the 
ieafoti,  that  few  of  them  know  how  to 
imiik  a  cow.  What  a  figure  would  thclc 
^jiris  m^ke  in  the  fervke  of  a  Cumberland 
farmer  \  Laboutrrs*  wives  and  children 
«mfioy  themlelv«f9,  during  ^leharveft,  in 
gleaning,  and  often  cofieA  «  grctit  deal 
«f  tMfn  andfometimes  as  much  beans  as 
'Wiii  feed  a  pig.  It  wg^id  certainly,  how- 
•^ver,  be  ftiore  advafitagtfoas,  both  to  the 
«faitiier*ahd  the  laboofw,  were  the  wives 
tiff  the  lattrr  to  reap  along  wiiii  their 
*ll\i&atiiU  as  long  as  they  could  get  em- 
'plpy,  and  AfterWnrds  collet  the  glean- 
ings of  the  fields.  The  property  of 
the  difiercnt  owners  in  all  die  common 
•  $eIdsin,theib<eoumies,  lies  in  Jon^, -nar- 
..(owa^  and  (jften  croc4e«d  lan^Jst-uHfHolvare 
Separated .b^ilaloes,  ftones^  or  more^^oio- 
nionly  by  ftripes  of  grafs  iaiid^.  RefpeA- 
.  jug  the  maanerof' managing  the  wh«*it 
in  the  field  after  reaping,  I  noticed  ^11 
akihg,  tfcat  they 'biifa*  W"ti|r"m  fmall 
•  iicaTes,  and  place  them  1x1  wiuttthef  call 


flibcks,  ten  together,  ^Ve"  on  eadi  £dft 
but  without  laying  two  fh«siv«i  horizoa- 
tally  along  the*tbpff,'is  Jk'ifoiie^  the 
north,  in  order  to  \jtt^  the  ears'Si^  be- 
ing injured  by  the  wet.-  The^  maiiher  of 
plowing  and  cartine  here,  is  iieariy;M- 
lar  to  tne  mode  folfowed  in  aff  thie'ccfan- 
tks  1  have  paflctf -fitice  I  left  iSilffMk:. 


THE  ^fWlo'iring  Extraa,  from '^fr, 
FuLiBVtC*^  Accotmtofthctatrabr- 
dinary  collection  of  Salfpctrr^  which 
took  place  in  the  fccond  aijrf  tlUrd  year 
of  the  FVenchR^ptiWic,  gives  a  wonder- 
fiol  pi'oof  of  the  Energetic  immiHeJ  which 
p^rvadtrd  fhaV  nation,  when  in  i  manner 
unprepared  to  refill  the  fbrmJdabfc  force 
in  league  againfl  it. 

"  One  flfll  recoHcf^s  with  aflonlftment 
and  admiration,  the  enthufiaftic  Qaluii  of '• 
every  Frenchman,  at  a  time,  when  their 
country  was  ill'  the  rreateft  (famger ;  ai^ 
the  prodi^ions  efforts  \^ich  ^refuhed 
from  it,  towanis  ftimilliriig  art  cnortnous 
quantity  of  arms  of  every  kind,  and  of 
gunpowder,  whicfi  the  nation  viras'nmch 
in  want  of^— the  almoft  inftamiineons 
ere£lion  of  num^berlefii  buiMing^;'  sd  all 
parts  of  the  Repubiic,  for  nifiig  and 
repairing  all  forts  of  poti/heid  arms, 
tmriketM,  and  cautious  of  everjrboir,*  both 
for  the  land  aiid  fea  fervice ;  U  %ell  a» 
the  incredibtr  quantity  of  anmjcnihion, 
utenfils,  machines,  and  other  nece^ries^ 
fcr  the  conf^imption  nxiStnfk*of'jfioft  than 
^oo,ooo  men,  fVationed  at  onXt  tihie  en 
the  frontiers,  independent  of  the.  national 
guards  in  the  interior*?  in  a'wo^,  f* 
great  a  toil,  asftia^  beeafi^c<iiicrived, 
put  in  a£lian  ati  mcttcttble  xitimVtr  of 
•workmen, 

'  *«  It  was  found  neceflary  to  rmploy 
therein,*  thofe  meit  Whofc'hd>ou*' >i^  of 
an  analogoss  kind ;  that  is  td  i^y,  nxK 
of  dtfterent  vocations  in  the  ixni^'Wodc 
of  wood  and  metafs  y  or  eVefl  jkch  as 
were  a(^qttainted  with  the  mdf^'Wfi]^ 
and  fitiifhed  parts.  It  was  ne^id&rf'  al/b, 
in  a  manner,  to'makeappriAttcis  of  t!ic& 

workmen  who  h^  been ti&ettlh^tl^ 

■ ■ ^"  -^      t.   «/-  - 

*  To  asvp  a  foil  t^a.  c£  like  cbuds^.^ 
thk  ^bboKioa^  ife  wtU.bc  witmaili94Wsto 
4ecUiA»  ikf^x  ia  oq«  imbl^r  thew^wtre 
d^lhrer^  ^oro  the  fpuadef i<^f  S9i7.  h^V^sd 
.^%  iron  CHpnrfp, .  ot\aiffapi)t  feMfes  J  a^ 
7UOO  brafs ,  and  x a '  or '  1 3 ,600  i^n  camMJi, 
were  mounts^  fit  for  fervicct,  in  t^  (fft/ae  ^ 
oney^ar.  ^  '  ^'     '    ''■    .\'    . 

•'  \'  **'■•;  ""ufUal 


,.^^^    ^  Extraordinary  CoUe^ion  if  Saltpetre  In  France.  1 93 

•sfiu)  pcci]patiQ|is»  aad  to  .jmt ihem  under  ikilful  peribm  * :  who.  Mfcit  to  explain  to 

imeJUgeat  apd  ikiUul  iftaftert  i  thcfe  alj(b  tbem  the  art  of  preparing  faltpeti-e — of 

vere  taW  i^Acufled  by  actlft^  ilill  more  re/ining  it»'  and  of  making  gunpowder ; 

experieaced,'  who  would  throw  a  light  and  to  fbme  of  them«  the  modeof  cailing 

Qj^the.j^raitical  pwty  xe£llfy>  fiinpU-  cannon.      Thei^  pupils  were  tlien  fent. 

ty,   a|i^..^UYlv  ctiaage  ity   in  certain  back  into  the  dififeruitellabliihmcac$,2c- 

c;ifes,  by  ts^ing  a4vantsLge  of  the  ac-  cording  to  their  capacities^  to  aflilt  in 


Quired  and  ^^cciirate  knowledge  of  the 
orft  men  of  the*  kin3 :  In  ihort,  it  was 
neceflaryrtfaar  all  ihoiild  btf  conftantlv 
ioftrilStcAf  n>DV«4tp  a^io&i  encoaragea  j 
and  fiifrained|.by  a  -powerful  ffoveni< 


the  worki.  Covenunent  kept  up  an  ac* 
tive  correfpondence  with  all  its  agents  \ 
it  fupplied  thein  occasionally  with  every 
neceJTary,  and  every  where  made  eafy 
the  executive  part.    It  was  known>  that 


ment,  whlch^gavyr  «Vfry  proof  of  being    every  diftri^  could  eaiily  fumiih  a  thou* 

devoted. to  the  fervice of  its  CDimtry,  and    '"""^  — ■~'"  ~^  '''^^ j-~-j- 

w»s  endowed  with  ibund  judgment  and 
(nergetic  will.  But,  .if  I  may  be  air 
lowed  the  expreflipn^  it  was  neoel&ry  to 
give  iio^ulic  to  a  whole  nation^  when 


(and  weight  of  faltpetre  every  .decade». 
aiKl  orders  were  given  for  that  quantity  ^ 
places  were  pointed  out  where  to  fend  it 
to;  the  means  of  conveying  it  were  fixed 
upon  $  and  frequent  accounts  were  ren- 


die  bufinefs  was  broaght  forward^  ofex^  dered  of  every  operation.  In  fhort^  {o 
tradij^erery  where  the  ladtpetre  earth  much  care  produced  the  defired  eifw*6ls  ; 
CQiuaiwd,  in  the  French  foil.    This  art    moi-e  than  nxteen  millions  of  pounds  of 


was,  id. f^^L  an  obje^  inore  confined ; 
it  was  amut  generally  unknown.  Pri- 
vate intfrefl  ^as alannedat  feeing  it  fet 
on  foot  j  and  ftiU  more  numerous  preju* 
dices  produced  a  variety  of  obftades. 
Men  could  not  be  porluaded  that  peribnt 
To  uutaughti  and  at  that  time,  perfefl 
finQger&  to  the  bufmelay  could  all  at 
0nce  (??)jgage  in  it  with  fuc4:efs$   tbev 


rough  JHItpetre  were  colkftcd  in  ona 
year  f  i  and  the  working  of  it  up,  a}- 
though  recalled  In  the  folh>wing  year»  ta 
the  laws  formerly  enacted,  flill  yielded 
nearlv  five  millions  and  a  half  of  this  fi« 
line  iubftance. 

<<  But  thus  filling  the  magazines  waa 
not  fufiicienty  it  was  necefTary  .to  refine  it 
for  making  powder  j  the  former  mode  waa 


could  not  believe  that  France  was  fo  ricn  too  tedious,  too  embarndHng^  in  a  word» 

io  that  precious  commadityt  which  wai  was  imprafticahle,  confidcring  the  u):- 

never  Jcnown  to  have  been  cxtraded  in  gent  necefiity  for  powder.    A  new  and 

fufSjcientqiiantity  for  ordinary  uiet  I  and  more  advantageous  nrocefs  was  Qp)pofed 

ol  which  a  iiillfiipply  had  only  betAob-  by  M.  Carny,  which  when  proj^rly 

tiineiL  by  means  oi  what  was  brought  executed^  required  lefs  time,  coniumea 

from  India*  lefs  fuel,  di^ofes  the  faltpetre  to  dry 

\    '<  In  the  mean  tirae»  at  the  invitation  more   reaidllv^    demands .  lefs  qctent  of 

•f  the  National  ConventioUy  juroclaimed  ground  and  buildings,  and  couueqvcntljT 


by  a  (iecree  of.  the  S4th  ot  Frimairi, 
an,  a,  the  citiiens  gave  themieives  up  to 
the  tnaking  of  faltpetre.  The  number  of 
buildinp  erefted  in  the  Republici   on 


occaflons  lefs  lofs  of  ialtpeti'e. 


.*  There  were  fent  e«  Paris,  la  colifv^toea^ 

, .  —  •     -    - —m — .  '  ^  'his  onier,  about  1,100  Joeis  to  whom 

thisgprand  occafion,  amounted  rapidly  to    citiscns  Ouyton,  Fcvacaov,  I>vrov»« 


^Qoo.  J^JcceiEtfV  inlbruftions  were  every 
where diftributed  by  order  of  goveniment . 
France  ufas  divided  into  large  diflridls, 
eaicho^^bichwas  continually  furveyed, 
by  aa  laine^r  ikjUed  in  arts  and  fci- 
encesy '  uiuder  each  infpeflor^.  ia  eVery 


HYy   BxaTMOLST,    CAaVV>  FLVVfJfa'% 

MoMcx*,  HAMfvraATe,  «i)d  pE^iaa* 
g%ve  initijAdiye  le^turciy  on  the  faltfiMCifm 
of  falcpctfc  anti  Q^aiion.  This  courfc  £on^ 
menced  on  the  ilt  f^entofi,  an*  2.  and  the 
fummary  of  each  ki^urc  was  formed    into  a 


department,  waa  pUced  a  former  Direc-    ^"Jj*=  ^*^»A*?f  .P""^J^  ^^  ^I^H  ""l^^  ^^' 
tor  hf  thi  Natioid  Admini^ation  of '"1*^«  of  Pubhc  Safety.    This  Comimttec 


irffo  give  chirge  to  Cittcefi  MoNce,  to  dww 
up  s' complete  drfeription  of  the  prooefs  Ibr 
snaking  camoM  ; '  in  confequence  of  which, 
he- pabUfhAL.  a'QKiil  wdudbte  work  upon 
.thftt  f«i^e^^  ia  h(ige'4ta!,  wich  a  nmnber 
of  pU^cs,    .     '.      , 

.  ..f  Thc.fummiq^  ^p  of  the  dtcadary.ac- 
On  Hie' o^ier  hand,  a  fummons  w^s^  cou^,  ^add^cfled.  o£cJBdly,U),gover|unfyt, 
iiTued,  for  every  di(bri6l  to  fend  two  ro-*  announce  a  pfoJ'n£^ion  of  i6,754,o39lbs  of 
buft  and  intelligent  canncniers  to  Paris,  faltpetre,  from  the  14th  FriaMurqi  #».  a.  to 
to  rccei^iiieii-  Mniftipns  from  the  moft    *^«  ^*"»*  ^*^»  '«•  X\ 

C  c  a  «  In 


Saltpetxr  Works  $  who- ^qrpolnted  in 
each  diftri^,  a  cit»eft  fufKi^iamiy  intri- 
ligeiir  to  pr(>fide  over  tlte*  fortiiatioa  of  the 
•  offices,  and  to  regulate  the  works;  and 
thus  was  aiftivity  eftablifhed  in  cvqy 
place  act  dhcc. 


19+    Mr.  BrucOnatt  Jtim/phfriedl TbanolnenQn at  SdifiAurgb. 

<<  In  a  Qkm  t'uBM,tke  reteny  oitUmU' 
^m  buUti  ontherabbey-^ouad  of  6t. 
^cmain^os'^ pre*,  at  Parsfe.  Sakpttre 
l|o«wl  th«t«  in  profufion  f  and  tliis  eltaiK 
KflunenC  alone  yielded  in  fjtit  refined  ftate, 
irgttlarly  every  day,  near  3o,oooIb5«. 

"As  to  the  procci's  ofmalcing  poufder, 
k  has  not  only  been  abridged,  brought 
to  perfeflion  in  the  old  powder  works, 
and  carried  to  a  degree  of  Ivength  hitherto 
unknown  1 4>ut  a  fabric,  which  may  be 
called  gigantic,  the  <works  of  Crenelle, 
was  ereded  at  one  of  the  extremities  of 
Paris.  Tlierey  methods  aito^ther  new, 
were  pvt  in  pi^ice,  for  mixing  and  tri* 
^lurattng  the  in^ndients,  as  well  as  ren- 
ittkkf  the  compofition  more  compa£i| 
and  tor  granulattng  it :  the  machines  and 
neehanical  means  were  aUb  entinly 
nevrf.  This  immenfe  fabric,  whicn 
fcarceJy  exilted  five  months  from  its  com<^ 
mencement,  had  delivered  out  to  the  ar- 
inies  more  than  i50o,o^olbs.  of  good 
powder,  before  the  conftru6lions  neceflary 
to  the  efiabliihment  were  compleated-* 
and,  at  a  time,  when  it  had  proceeded 
ib  far  as  to  fabricate  daily  33}Ooo  weight 
of  well  conditioned  powder,  it  was  acci-* 
Mentally  blown  iip,  and  reduced  to  a 
frightful  heap  of  ruins.J  ' 


Tb  tie  EStar  tfibe  Monihlj  Megamm, 
sia,  * 

AN  uncommon  phenomenon  appeared 
in  the  flcy  hft  night,  and  was  ob- 
lerved  from  about  halt  paft  fix  till  near 
eight  o>ioek.  It  had  theappevance  of 
«ne  large  pillar  or  pencil  of  whiteHh 
iighe,  as  if  riiing  from  feme  luminous 
iM^y  near  the  horizon;  its  lower  part 
being  bid  behind  Saliibary-Hill^  where 
tie  Tight  ihowed  much  brighter  for  a 
great  way  up,  and  as  it  afcended  to  the 
zenith,  when?  it  alfo  diifipated,  it  grew 
imtck  fainter  and  broader ;  the  fixed  ihm 
'being  Tifible  enough  through  it.  Near 
tfce  lower  part,  to  the  cafl,  as  Ibme  finall 

•  *  It  was  in  part  barnt,  by  accident,  on  tie 
4tk  Fnt^idor^  An.  a.  which  circmnftiinccc  <Jii 
JUPt  loiqi  interrupt  tlie  btirmcfs,  although  it 
was  renewed  on  a  icfs  fcile  than  beioic. 

f  Irhn  new  method  of  making  powder, 
was  ftill  due  to  Citl«n  Cahny,  whofc  ztil 
W41  equal  to  his  "knowledge  and  talents. 

J  TWs  c.itaftrophc  happened  on  the  14th 
Fttf^idoff  'a»,t.  'it  vns  th(mghtto  haVt 
been  occaitonej  by  the  imprudence  oft  worfc- 
W»aii,  not\dtWtandirt*  the  ftrfd^ft  police  and 
^glfanee.  ••  ItWaitf  sftcr^hirds  Judged  prtiderit^ 
"ttTTonnTeverai"  effcab UHnneiiu  'Oirtt  t mailer 
fcaie.  .-..   '  M,.*.?..  ' 


cknidr  pailcd  over  it»  now  aatihcif  the 
dartenwd  part  made  a4)eantiM-bieak,  or 
iobernipiioiii  which  was  pntfcntly  mtocd 
when  ne  cloud  had  paficd overt-  Btitthe 
pillar,  cr  body  of  light  itfelf9  had  not 
the  leaf^  appeannce  ot  that  qumiw  or 
vibrating  motion  peculiar  to  aurpra  bo^ 
Raits  J  neither,  did  it  fliift  its  K^iation 
during  the  whole  tixne,  fo  far  as  could 
be  obferved,  which  was  a  point  or  twe 
to  the  north  of  eail.  About  eight  o'xJocki 
or  a  q)uarter  after,  tlie  fky  grf w  hatf » 
then  cloudy,  and  the  whole  vras  obicaizdi 

At  its  fixft  appcaranoe,  and  Indeed  all 
the  d^,  there  was  a  pretty  faagb  wdbarly 
wind,  and,  axcepc  near  the  borbon>  the 
iky  was  quite  clear ;  but  except  tbe  above 
perpendicular  flream  of  light,  tfe^ie  wal 
not  the  finallefl  appearance  of  aixit>ra  bo- 
realis  viiible  all  the  time.  I 

If  any  of  your  correipondents  have  ob* 
ferved  this  pbaenomenon,  or  Juv>wof  any 
fuch  appearance  upon  record,  it  is  re. 
quelled  they  will  haib  kind  as  to  favour 
the  public  with  their  £uther  obiervations. 

Ei&nburgb,  A*  BaucE, 

nth  Feb,  ry^S. 

7e  the  ESitr  ^  tlm  Mmthfy  Magmsm. 
SI  a, 

AS  it  is  one  obje£k  of  vour  valuable 
Mifcellany  to  elucidate  great  and 
intei^fling  charafters,  by  the  pt^iicacioa 
of  authentic  documents,  I  <conMxiQnicate 
the  twv>  following  Jetters  of  Fredonc  the 
Gfeaiy  King  of  PruiF.a.  They  were  M 
giten  tcr  the*  German  public,  by  Mr. 
Nicolai,  of  Berlin,  who  received  them 
from  the  Duchefs  Df  Brunfwick',  to  whoia 
they  were  written  by  that  illuftrioos  mo* 
narch.  The  firft  is'  on  the  death  of  her 
fon  Leopold,  a  pHnce  no  lefs  dxftinguifh- 
ed  for  humanity  than  tialents ;  the  other, 
on  the  approach  of  his  own  diflblution, 
and  written  only  ^  days  before  that 
event.  They  both  difpky  the  mHd  and 
philofophic  firmnef^  ot  a  charaAer  on 
which  ib  mueh  has  been  faid,  and  ib  liN 
tie. is  accurately  knowti,  becaule  it  has 
been  delineated  by  men  wanting  either 
opportwiky  or  abilitfes^  M  fucb  a  taft. 
Even  the  celebiated  Zinvmirmaiin  hifc 
greatly  mifrepheftnted  this  illitffti'ii^ds  mo. 
narch,  in  thole  efnecdnes  wfficff  Mr,  Ni- 
colai pi-oves  to'T>e  a  fabrlcatioil  of  emy 
and  mtfinfonnation.  L  S, 

UTTM  I, 

Cr  IS  Mait  I7S5. 
MOM  A»oxAai«  sexui, 

-JL  y  B  70  ans  paflSs,  qoe  je  fttis  an  moadr, 
-  et  d**s  novX  ce  «ems  je  n'ai*  iri  l|«c  d« 
jcua  bisah-es  At  Vft  fortune^  ^i^oele-^ttsstiec 


Lfft€rj  tf'fhe  King  of  Pruffia,^r^^anijh  Poetry'.     "      ^95 


f 01  MNrioi^cttrr  'N«a»  bJdDtMm  Otns)ceii« 
toorkmitoiftida  clsignas,  'ft  qasl^oes  no^ 

rn».  4<  (a^4i^n,  Yoiia  ma  boiwe  foeutv 
^  i'of^  coi^uo  4^  tpu9  left'  homates  L  Le9 
jeDn9|;{»sdoiTQ|it  Itre  plus  fenfibles  a  h 
perte  4c^,  leurs  pz<Kbes  &  de  leurs  amlsy  (jue 
Ics  VicIUrHs.  t.es  premiers  {V'rcfcnicnt  long 
run  J  (Je'ces  prrvations,  au  Ticu  que  Ics  per- 
fbmies  fle  nStre  age '  les  fuivent  dans  peu. 
to  thorhont  Pavahtag'e  d*gtre  a  I'abri  de 
Mn  kscMps  de  la  fortane,  Sc  nous  qui 
nftom  611  vie,  "nott's  y  fommes  fans  eefle 
cxpolesb:  Toat«s«eir  refltt<i6ns,  ma  bdnti^ 
IfleuTiBc^atguttre*  conMantes,  je  ratfvoue, 
flewjtufegifat  qae  TotK  iage^Te^  ft  votre 
cfpri^  TOiis  «nt  dooqc  la  force  4e  reiifter  a  la 
dou]ear^)«proiive  <>ne  Undre  mere,  en  per- 
ilaot  ua  de  (t»  enfans  cheris.  VeuUle  le  cle^ 
coociuuer  4e  vous  affiitefj,  e^  confervant  une 
roeur,  qui  fait  le  bonheur  de  ma  vie  \  Daignes 
jna  bonne  focur,  me  croire  ivcc  le  plus  tendrc 
Atticficm^cnt'  Si  la  plus  haute  cbafideration, 
Mon  addttbfe  foetir,  votre  6d^ic'frire  &  fer- 

■VltCttf,  *  FXDZKXC. 

USTTRE  n. 

MON  ADOtiAMLH  4a»U&» 

JJt.  ma^oUji  d'H^nnovre  a  voulo  fe  Mn 
valoir  ches  vcus  ma  bdnne  foeur;  mais 
la  Fcrice  eftqu*U  m*a  cte  inutile.  Les  vipux 
doiveht  f^re  place  aux  jeunes  gens,  pour 
que  chaque  genenttion  trouve  fa  place ;  Se  I 
hkn  examiner  ce  <|ue  c*eft  que*  la  vie,  c*e<t 
voir  ttMitf¥i*  8c  naitre  fes  compatriotes.  En 
Bttcndanc  jc  me  troute  un  peu  foulag^  depuis 
Hutlqtiet  jours.  Mob  cdeor  vous  refte  in* 
violabltment  attache^  ma  bonne  foeur.  Avec 
la  plui  haute  cbofideratton,  laon  adorable 
^Kut,  votm  fidele  frire  &  fe^viteor, 

Fioxajc. 

TRANSLATIONS. 

JL£TT£R  Lr 

i«h  JWijr,  1785. 

MY   BXLOVKD  StSTKX, 

J  HAVE  lived  above  70  years  In  the  world, 
aiid  f R  alt  that  time,  I  have  ften  nothing 
but  theeaprkfous'  fttska  of  fortune,  who 
mingles,  with  the  few  pleafing  circumftinces 
of  our  tiafttnccy  a  great  riumber  of  mourn- 
ful events.  We  fiu6hjato  between  continued 
tfoublcs^aad  naom^ntary  gratiScationa.  Such, 
my  dear  lifter^  is  the  common  lot  of  man- 
kind !  Yoong  people  cannot  but  feel  the  lo(s 
of  friends  and  relations,  mote  acutely  than 
the  oli!  'the  former  continue  long  to  re- 
coiled their  lofs  j  while  perfoa-i,  of  our  afee, 
ihortly  follow  thofe  whom  tfaey  lament.  The 
dead  have  tlie  advantage  of  being  beyoiKl  the 
reach  of  fortunr,  but  we  who  remaiff  alive, 
cootinuf  cn^td  to  her  ^afts.  TheCe  tf- 
Acctiom*  .  x^f  dear  (iOer, .  a(ford  bat  little 


dom  and  fbr^tade  enable  you  to  bear  isp  agidnft 
that  fidrrewy  wKkli  a  tender  mether  mttik* 
&ci  £cx  the  loCs'  of  e  bekwoi  c)uld.  Bfof 
heaven  oonthnw  tp  foppgxt  yotu^  end^pnefctve 
(omaaGfter>  who  coiiftitHtv  th«  thief  hap* 
pinefs  of  n^y  life.  Believe  me,  my  d^ 
fi{ler»  >yitU  the  tendered  attachmen^^  ani 
the  higheft  e^eero^  your  faithful  brother  anji 
fcrvant,  '  Fa  to  fax  c 

LETTER  n. 

TothofAu^upf  27»6L 

MY  BKLOVZD  SISTZX, 

*TpHE  Havoverlan  pUyfxclan*  Was  defiiotoi 
of  recommending  himfclf  to  your  favour^ 
my  dear  lifter  j  but  the  irutTi  is,  that  hewai 
of  little  fervlce  to  me.  The  old  iQuft  giv« 
place  to  the  young,  in  order  that  each  genci* 
latbn  may  find  its  place  $  and  if  wefaiil|^ 
esquire  in  what  U£s  cpnftfts»  it  is  ii|  Ceeioy 
qur  jiellow-citiaens  fuc;c60ively  entering  anj 
quitting  exigence.  Meanwhile,  XihoQ Id  tell 
you,  th^t  I  have  felt  myfclf  rather  eafier  for 
thefe  few  days  paft.  My  heart  remains  u^ 
violably  attached  to  yau,  my  dear  fifler,  an4 
1  ahi,  with  the  higheft  cftccm,  m/  bcloyel 
fifte^,  your  faithful  friend  and  fervant, 

FazDrxic. 


For  the  Monthly  M^gazme. 
On  the  PoE«r  i>f  Spaiv. 

BERNARDINO  de  Kebolledo  vraa  m 
count  of  the  holy  Roman  empire, 
lord  of  Yrlan,  head  of  the  Rebolledoe 
of  Caftiile,  kniffht  of  the  order  of  Sant- 
iago, coinendador  and  akayde  of  Villa* 
nttev»  de  Aicardete>  gorernor  and  cafrtain 
general  of  tlie  Lower  Palatinate,  general 
of  artiUery,  minifter  plenipotentiary  im 
Denmark,  minifter  of  the  Inpreme  coun* 
cil  of  war,  &c,  &c.  but  if  ReboUed^ 
had  not  been  a  poet,  thefe  titlea  ^irouWl 
have  been  remembered  only  in  the  famiijr 
pedieree,  and  on  his  own  nxmument. 
On  4c  31ft  of  May,  i597>  be^was  bapi- 
tized  in  Leon,  his  native  city.  From 
his  earlieft  years,  iays  thf  Spantfh  bio^ 
grapher,  our  Bernardino  difcuvered  hii 
inclination  for  that  happy  union  of  aroba 
and  letlers,  which  fo  many  have  mad^. 
Two  centuries  ago  this  union  wis  left 
c«traonlinary  than  at  prefent  t  in  Ettg*- 
laAd  we  had  a  RaYeigh  and  a  Sydney. 
Spain  affords  more  inftanccs;  Lope  de 
Vega  fervcd  in  the  Armada;  GarcHafo 
died  in  battle,  arid  the  poem  of  Ercilla 
was  written  in  his  tent.  But  the  world 
is  grown  wifer,  though  it  may  not  haw 
grown  better^  and  tae  trade  of  wai^ 
pAce  held  £0  boDourablo,  isaow  efiimated 
as  itihould  bf .    At  the  age  of  fourteea 


#  Trin^m^nnsnni 


Rebollcd^ 


196 


P9etry  of  Spain^.M^rnardw  dt  RiloUido. 


lUMMo  ortrird'.inito  tJie  fleet  of  K;^ks 
•sd  Siclly-y  hi  (which  f<nrice  bejemaiiKd 
eighteen  j^?T9f  and  honoorably  diftiQ<» 
ffuiihed  himfelf.  Afterwaixls  bde.ved 
in  Lombard y^  under  Splnpla,  At  the 
fiege  of  Calai,  his  right  anyi  wa$  bivken 
by  a  mu&et  ball.  Perhaps  the  poet  re* 
■lembers  hit  wound^  whcD>  in  that  part 
of  his  *^SeivAMiiftiirjP9liiiuiy*'  which 
treats  of  beficged  places^  he  cBujneFatcs> 
among  the  proviuons  nectfTaiy  for  the 
|K'ge»  phyficians,  furgeons,  and  oiedicine 
thefts. 

^  After  fcrvb^  in  the  Low  Countries, 
pnd  negeciatine  with  many  of  the  Ger- 
man powers,  the  count  was  appointed 
£lenipotestiary  to  the  court  of  I>enmark. 
;ut  Copenhajjfen  was  bcQeg/od^  during  his 
nefidence  there,  and  for  two  years  the 
&»amfh  ambalTador  afiifted  in  decoding 
the  town.  After  fo  many  toils  and  dan- 
gers he  retu  ned  to  Madrid,  full  of  years 
a^d  of  glorys  new  honours  were  accumu- 
lated upon  him,  and  he  ditni  in  thut  city, 
uaiverUlIy  rcfptfted,  at  the  age  of  four* 
Ibore. 

Amid  the  toils  and  occupatiQn9  of  (• 
adrcntnrpus  a  life.  Rebelled^  produced 
thoie  poems  thatiiaveranJcjed  him  among 
the  nine  Callilian  mufvs.  They  were 
printed  feparately  at  Ambercs  and  at  Ci>- 
pcnhagen.  An  edition,  in  four  voliuncs^ 
was  publlihed  about  tJurtv  years  iince  at 
Macurid ;  but  it  is  fuppoitcC  that  lome  of 
his  publications  elcaped  the  editor";* 
ftarch.  The  iiril  of  thefc  volumes  con* 
tains  his  "  Ocw,*'  diicfly  conliiling  of 
Ijjfclc  .pi<:ccs,^  From  this  volume  a  cu- 
rious epiiUe  18  extra£icd  in  the  «  Farma& 
ijpuHoU^^  hitherto  my  guide.  The 
editor  iele^s  it  z%,  in  bis  opinion,  the 
beft  poem  in  the  Ocks  of  Jtebollodo,  and 
as  diiplaying  profound  erudition,  foiid 
piety,  cxquiutc  talte,  and  accui'atejudf^' 
uient..  This  praife  ik  fomewhat  enoi- 
iQous',  for  wlat  he  calls  a  Poejtia  BjUia^ 
gra/Uq^  and  what  may  properly  be  fUted 
a  catalogue  in. rhyme  \  tor  it  is  only  a  lift 
of  books  r^ospmtnded^to  a  young  ftu^ 
dent.  In  enumerating  thcle,  he  begins 
with  poetry  ;  the  names  alone  ^*e  mqn- 
tioned  of  various  4>octs,  Greek,  Latin, 
Italian,  .French,  and  SpoQl^  withcua 
one  dJfcrJminating  epithet  or  remark  .j 
except  that  Virgil  i$  calltd,  agreeably  to 
Spanifc  gallantry,  «»  the  elegant  clcfamer 
or  Dido.'*  ^ng!;tnd  is  only  pi^ntioncil 
under  the  head  of  Klftory,  arid  the '.writb'i 


Bocthiiis,a9d  Bfoodi^aaniifiwithvlddi 
I   am  mac^ainttd.  .JEK  ^aMfea  Us 
friend  to  fly  fhmi  the  madnefs  of  Coper. 
nicus,  whofe  opinions  are  cogitracy-tD.it? 
velation  and  cwnmon  fenfe.    Aftemaxd^ 
he  meDtiontall  the  fiodcs  in  Ifae  Otldaad 
New  Teftaments,  and  gives  the  ^Maabir 
of  chapters  ia  cacli }  -  itcoiapiindt  for. 
frrquent  pefufal,  the  yorks  of  St/TfettTa 
and  Kempis,  and  conckidct  thits')  *  '^m 
you  now  afpire  to-  a  flMire  fecure  teer 
YOU  muft  abhor  your  fonmr  wa^  qC  ,ijft  i 
but  if  you  look  back  upon  iniquity;,  I 
ihall  regard  you  as  a  new  pillar  or  w." 
In  the  fame  voltime  there  is  a  madrigal, 
curibufly  exemplifying  the  tort;  "  erery 
one  that  exalteth  hinSelf  fliall  bt  abafed, 
but  he  that  humbkth  KimlHfiliBtUtx  ex- 
alted/*    On  thr  entrance  mt^  £lfcay 
firom  Cafiilc,  through  the  Simnkde  Or-* 
duna,  baween  thenttle  ta«]is»  oriwchcr 
perhaps  village  a  of  JBcrbcrana  aid  Lcia- 
nu,  a  ftreaitt  ialls  from  the  h4%^  of  a 
mountain  into   a  deep  va]lcy4  thrau^ 
which  a  mrre^nt  of  air  continuaJljpaBcs, 
with  ftich  force,  as  to  fcattcr  ihd  wat^ 
on  its  fall,  and  fweep  it  away  iu  vapour, 
The  vapour,  on  its  elevation,  ccuodcnic^ 
and  falls  in  perpetual  rain,    ^ts  fiocn- 
lar  fport  of  natyre  is  tfee  fybjei^  ti  S^s 
littje  j)oem. 

With  what  a  <ieifenij)|s  roar  yw  torn^Ql  rolU 
Its  weight  of  watcri,  from  tfie  pre^picc» 
Whoft  moont^.in  mafs  darlbeiis  the  hoBi^v 

'»alc! 
Y6t  there  it  falls  not,  for  the  etemal  wio^ 
That  iweepir,    with   forte  ttMUft^SBtk^  Ute 

wiadiag  ftxait^s, 
Scatters  the  inidwsv  ArvMn,  aad,  bone  a£r. 
The  he«ivy  mift  dclcen4s^  a  <;6|ifcleA ihover. 
Mcthinks  that  Zolus  here  fornif  his  cU)«d>, 
As  Vulcan »  ami^  £tna^  carerbM  fires^ 
Shapes  Che  red  bolts  of  Jove.    Sure  tf  itk» 

fage  -      ' 

Of  ^!d^r  ;iniet,'1«d  jotirnSe^  l^re,  Mliiit, 
With  mar^y  a  myftic  £tb>e  ihs4Mrili|(  tr«th, 
H^  fsiidi^d  t\\s  Ipftty  wheot  naif  ftlifht 

learu  ,  '  . 

'WifUom  tVfim  Aafi^re^  mtiluaa  Jbvr.thfr 

TKn  TcfUf.  t)ic  valiey*&  dfgtht.bo^enpvariv 

.    .      join^  '       ■    ,  */"  ,...'. 

"the  crouJs  of  licavcn;  hut  mx^,  its^u^Kt 
abalcd,      *"  ,  ^,     ^..'  *.  --» 

When  it\rt)uli rife^  dtfcpnds  tJ^iAii'ln  Irsia. 

-'.'^."'•/.      =  -r/'.rT^rV-' 

[  T3f  anafyfii  ^  the  tdmmi.^  wt!itmu 

iviil  bc^vvcn  jm  par  wjr/.l ', 


Mr.'UMi^M  iif  Cmfmmim  '$/  Saintf...Jimfhu  tty 


i^ttrMii^milht  irf  God,  9Ad  iiov 

it^i^fe^tfUce  «f  l!ieFtther»  anld  foK 
ld#  the  nml7  whithcHbcvcr  he  goech. 
And  titis  I  bfliete  the  eomitaunloii  of 
bkh  •;••      t  anil,  Sir,  your%  SCc. 


Vifi^eiibus  fof  cr  faieombnis  r  lavH  haproba^ 


AflLTON,  fCONTlNXJED.) 

Fnm  Wild  Btafts. 

AMdft.i^ttcd  reprdentitton  of  a 
Libnteanttfir^ig  {irejr,  it  exhibited 
b)p  IfameriA  (be  ^flowing  (imife. 
As  wlien  the  mountain  lion,    fierce   in 

AKtlk  k\it  fffteiog  het4  the  Mnk  hoA 
Sdcdi  hh  ]my  ;  he  firit  the  iineWy  Yieck 
Breaks  wkb  ftrofig  tee^hf  then  tearing  wide 

hHwiy      - 
Drinki  dovn  the  UoodyKsid  all  dbe  entraila 

koi  though  the  baying  dogs  and  herdrmen 

.  round 
At  i'ftance  clamour  loud,  dares  none  advance, 
An4  br^rc  the  fight,  pale  fear  fo  chiUi  theif 

brcafts ; 
Thus  *nud  the  Trojan  banda  no  heart  ru{bm*«t 
To  meet  Atridea,  glorying  in  his  might. 

II,  xvii.  6 1. 

The  refeTnT>Iance  is  the  more  exa^,  as 
Wencbus  employs  hnnrelf  in  ftripping 
th^  armour  of  Eviphorbus,  after  he  had 
kilLdhjrfi." 

The  joy  with  which  the  fame  hero  Is 
infplred,  when  he  beholds  Paris  coming 
to  me?t  him,  is  exprelTofi  in  a  iimile 
ne;u-lyof  thcfamc  kind. 

So  j-^yt  the  lion  when  a  mighty  prey 
Huns'red  he  fcizea,  or  the  horned  ftag, 
©r  ftuggy  goat ;  with  greedy  ha.1c  ho  tears, 
Kc  ffoig?!,  though  around  the  adtive  hounds 
Ani  ;:ictclcd  youtli,attack.  //.111.  %%* 

^  The  latter  part  of  thW  dcfcription  an- 
ticipate?, as  It  Tvcre,  the  event,  which 
is  cjoJy  lijcgciflpd  in  the  reiil  a^ion.  .  Wk-. 
gU»  as  uCua]»  applies  the  unule,  more 
corrc.5lly  ia  hi«  inaitatioa  of  it.  The 
(ubic£^  IS.  Mezcntiut.  ruihtog  iipo^.  and 
killing  the  vouthfui  warrior,  AcroA>  dif- 
tmgi:Ubed  by  his  gay  omamcuts^ 
impftftos  ftabula  alta-ieoceu-  fepe  |icra- 

gKansy 
iSttadH  cok)  vteAtOi  fiunes^  ft  forte  instieem 
ConTpezit  capr««B%  aut  furgoncen  ii)  oornua 

cervuflB, , 
Gaudct.  hians  ixnmaoc,  comafquf  arrsxit,  & 

haciet 
■» '      .f —  ■   ■        ■  ■    ' 

^  Uz  PfarfoAo^.Uifi  Cf5«d,  i-  35>  oiit* 


Osacruor.  M».%.  7ft3« 

As  when  a  Hon,  that,  with  horrger  boM, 
ftOBtts  griody  round  the  icHiut  of  the  F^«S,- 
9^es.a  tall  guit»  the  chief  of  all  theCrakiy 
Or  beamy  fiag,  high  ftalkivg  e'er  the  plaing 
His  bonid  maoi^  he  rears,  be  funs,,  he  §im^ 
Expands  his  jav/s,  and  Sarts  upon  the  fris^g 
The  prize  he  rends  with  a  tremendous  roar^ 
And»  growling,  rages  ia  a  fosHa  of  gore* 

There  fecms  to  be  ad  impropriety  im 
reprefenting  the  Lion  as  w^ering  about 
the ftaHs  orfoi/iif  when  he  meets  with  the 
Jias  or  roebuckf  (for  ca^ca  is  crroneou^y 
rendered  goat)  which  are  inhabitants  ojp 
the  foreil :  in  other  refpe^is,  the  defcrip- 
tion  is  highly  fpirited)  in  parttettlary 
the  e^het  given*  to  the  ftag  *<  fitrgent^ 
in  cornuay**  **  rifing  \m  antlers,''  is  wry 
Doetical«  The  word  btmm^  honotreil- 
by  this  tifanihitor,  from  j^ryden,  «c« 
prefiea  the  iamc  imagt)  though  leis  Hor* 
cibly :  that  of  htgb-^tikmg  is  foreign  to 
the  purpofe }  and  the  whok  ai  tlie  tranl^ 
lattoa  is  much  t«o  diii^. 

I  ihali  add  one  more  paflkge  rekitive 
to  this  animal,  in  which  a  ftriking  and 
characleriilic  circitmitance  is  introduced. 
The  ftem  refolution  of  Ajax  protc^tixiy 
the  dead  body  of  Patrochis,  i»  exprefled 
in  the  following  image: 

^e  flood,  as  br^Kkls  a  lion  o'er  his  yoong;. 
Whom  thro*  the  forefl  as  his  whclp9  he  Iracis 
Th0  hunters  meet  ?  he  grimly  glares  Jtmund, 
And  all  his  angry  brow  in  fulda  defoends 
To  veil  his  eyes.  //.  rrii.  133.  . 

It  is  impoflibfe  fo  doubt  that  fiich  m 
pi«5kure  was  taken  from  the  life. 

The  Leoprrd  or  Pi^nthcr  is  once  alone 
introduced  by  Hoitier  as  an  obje^  of 
comparifon,  nor  can  it  be  faid,  thnt  tber 
pifture  drawn  is  remaikably  charat&e- 
rUtic-of  the  animal,  though  fieither  Can 
it  -be'bL-imed  as  incorreft. 

\      ,  -As  the  pard  fprings  forth 

Try-mcft  the  hunter  frr^m  her  gloomy  lair, 
•  Nor  heariYir;  loud  ths  hounds,  fears  or  retires^ 
•BurMrlfcther  from  aftr,  or  nigh  ar  hand 
'H«  |>lerce  her  llrft,  altho**  transfixt,  ?he  fight 
Stiil  tries,  and  combats^defpVate  till  fhe  fall, 
*So  brave  AQtenoifs  fon  Hed  not,  or  fluaak, 
yTill  he  liad  proved  AcluUes. 

//.  xjcj,  573.     Camper^ 

The  application  of  t!ie  fimilc  is  void 
of  aH  p«ct>fiar  propriety;  for  A^oor 
only  ftops  In  flight,  hurls  a  fingle  fpear, 
land  is,  Ibatcked  ««my,  unv^ounded.  bf 

The 


198 


OrigiTiat  JbucJotes  fy  thi  late  Horace  J^atpok, 


qu^U  tiy  a  ferfijaa  jib  la  rebate  fbu  ^ 
mm  ♦.'• 

VIII.  covjucAL  Wit. 
Anotlicr  Fye&cli  lady  wrott  this  letter 
tofaerlntibtiid.    **  Je  ^wu  tcrisy  parte* 
ftiejt  m*ai  nem  afiarg  t  jefads^  fitttf/m 

ft  t^M  TUa  A  (Ut€  y  •* 

IX.'  MONKS  AND  FRIARS. 

What  you  fay  is  pcrfcflljr  jufl^.  Some 
degree  oi  leamtog  is  necelTary  cTcn  to 
compel  a  novel.  How  many  modem 
vriters  confound  monks  and  friars  I  Yet 
they  were  ahnoft  as  different  as  laymen 
aiMpriefts.  Monachifm  was  an  old  in- 
,  ^itution  for  lapnim.  The  friars,  frttes^ 
or  brothers,  were  firft  inftituted  in  the 
thirteenth  century,  in  order,  by  their 
preaching,  to  oppofe  the  lollards.  They 
united  priefthood  with  monachiiiiii  but 
while  the  monks  were  chiefly  confined  to 
flieir  refpettive  h<Sufes,  the  friars  wcie 
vranderingabout  as  preachers  and  con- 
ftifors.  This  gave  great  ofience  to  the 
^cular  clergjv  who  were  thus  deprived  of 
profits  and  inheritances.  Hence  the  (a- 
tyric  and  impure  figures  of  friars  and 
nuns,  in  our  old  churches.  Do  you  re« 
member  any  example  of  retaliation  ?  I 
/uppoie  there  weiT  funilar  libels  on  the  fe- 
cuiar  clergy  in  the  chapels  of  friaries  now 
AbolifJied;. 

X.   MR.HOLLIS. 

Mr.  Hollis  is  always  publiihing  re* 
publican  books  $  and  yet  profefTes  great 
veneration  for  our  conftitution.  I  capnot 
ftcoDcile  this ;  our  conftitution  being,  in 
its  leading  parts,  an  oligarchy,  the  form 
perhaps,  of  all  otheis,  the  mo^  oppofite 
to  a  republic. 

ikUi.  Before  the  French  revolution, 
Mr.  Walpole  was  fo  warm  a  friend  of 
Dreedomt  tnat  he  was  almofl  a  republican. 
The  change  of  his  fentiroents  will  be  de« 
Jineated  in  the  dole  of  theie  anecdotes. 

XI.   SYMPTOMS  OF  INSANITY. 

My  poor  nenhew,  Lord  •  •  •,  was  de- 
tanged.^  The  nrft  fymptom  that  appeared 
was,  his  fending  a  chaldron  of  coals  as 

•  ««  laflure,  you,  Sir,  nooneregretoher 
more  than  I.** 

t  I  write  to  you,  becaufe  I  h^ve  oothin^ 
to  do )  I  end.  my  letter^  becaufe  I  have  no« 
thing  to  fay.** 

X  Gtofs  oTMoVtyt  kifidtfpear  in  the 
writiugs  Qf  lAxu  RASCLxrri,  ai^  Mr. 
Liwia.  "  tbtUnlt'  of  the  btter,  both  ill 
his  book  and  pUy,  being  iD-fad  a  friar,  a 
Kung  of  a  vciy  d^ereot  defetiptioo.    £six« 


%  prdent  to  the  Prince  oF  Wales,  «b 
karning  ttat  he  was'kvded  wkhdebti^ 
He  delisted  in  what  he  called  h^A-hat- 
hr^.  'Xms  notable diverfios  coniij^trd ia 
takisig  a  volume  of  a  bodljM  and  hiding  it 
in  (bmefecret  Dart  of  the  library^  VDonf^ 
volumes  of  unilar  binding  and  iixe. 
When  he  had  forgot  where  £e  game  lay, 
he  hunted  tin  he  found  it.   * 

XII.   A  LONGING  WOtf  AH. 

Madame  du  Chat^,  (Vokaiw'i 
Emilie)  proving  with  child  agaiA,  after 
a  long  interval,  and  king*  StanJ&iis  joking 
with  Tier  huftand  on  it /fcreplierf,  "  Ab! 
SireytUe  m  unjoit£forU  emne  /'*—«•  if:* 
tf»ji,"  faid  the  old  king,  **  c^eUit  mju  n. 
W  J*MMe  femmeingk  *.** 

XIU.   A  PRETTY  METAPHOR. 

A  young  lady  marryixi^  a  man  ibc 
loved,  and  leaving  many  fi-icnds  in  foWiii 
to  retire  with  him  into  the  country,  Mri. 
D.  faid  prettily,  «<  She  has  turned  one 
and  twenty  (hillings  into  a  guinea.** 

XIV.   ROYAt  FAYOUR. 

A  low  Frenchman  bragged  that  tbe 
king  had  fpoken  to  him.  Being  s&ed 
what  his  majefty  had  £ud»  he  replied, 
«« He  bad  me  ftand  out  of  hi»  vray ." 

XY.   MADAM  DU  BARRY. 

A  great  French  lady,,  who  wis  cue  of 
the  fir&  to  vifit  Madam  da  Barry,^  after 
(he  was  known  to  be  the  royal  miftrefs, 
juftifyingherlelf  to  her  niece  on  that  ac* 
count,  faid,  <<  It  is  reported  that  the 
king  gave  an  hundred  thou  (and  liTres  to 
countenance  her )  but  it  is  not  true."— 
'*  No,  madam,*'  replied  the  niece  noblr, 
'^  I  dare  fay  it  is  not  true  ^  for  it  would 
have  been  too  little." 

XYI.  PROOFS  OP  GENEALOGY. 

A  lord  of  the  court  being  preftnted  fer 
the  firft  time,Loui8  XIV.  faid  afterwanhi 
that  he  did  not  know  the  late  lord  oi  that 
name  had  had  a  fon,  havingr  been  mk« 
oned  impotent.  "  Ob  Sire  n  ^d  Re 
quelaure,  *'  Us  oat  it/  tons  ia^mfiau  fa 
fere  en  fib*'' 

XVII.  YOLTAIRE  AKD  AODISOIV. 

A  dory  is  told  of  Voltaire  and  Addi- 
fon  at  a  tavern.  I  do  not  believe  Vol- 
taire was  in  Enghuid  whDe  Addifim  «w 

alive. 

*  ■<  Ah  !  Sire,  ihe  longed  lb  much  for  it."^ 
— «'  My  friend,  it  was  the  Too^g  of  *  wo- 
nan  with  child.** 

XTSU.  PRlCt 


Origin^lJt^(t^yh3t*h  laUlhrM^^  ffTa^i 


XVUi«  }^ff9    OP    klAJClVC   A  PA|t<  A 

Qaeett  CarWiAe  ip<Jke  of  Autting  up 
«t.  Jaihes't  pari,  w  tcmverttng  it  into 
a  noble  ffttden  fbr  the  palac^'of  that  name. 
^t^&SnSf'  Mier  ^  what  k  mi^ht  pfo- 
biWy  c**;  -i^o  replW,  »«  «^  rbff^ 
CKOWirir.*'/ 

XIX.   XW  AWECDOTB  COaRBCTEO. 

Let  uf  graft  >  (^^  re^atiiy  to  the 

ncv)u  ot  MarlboroHgli.  Xbe 
.^fs  i«9^  ye^g  the  duke  to  take  a 
medikaii^  ^d  vricH  ber  ufual  wannyi 
^dy  '<  vQJbchniged  if  Itdo  not  proye 
itrtric^lc.^*  Dr.  Gju^h  t>  >i«>  wa» 
prci?^  «Uimcd,  «*  Do  take  it  th^p, 
my  lord  duke  i  .fof  it  rouft  be  of  leryU^, 
in  one  Way  <a  the  otliei-.^ ' 

XX*   DOV&tE  Pt71f. 

A  good  j^  IS  not  amirs.  Let  me  tell 
you  ouel  met  with  in  jTorae  fcopk  the  other 
day.  The  fefirl  of  Lcicefter,  that  iin- 
worthy  favourite  of  "Elizabeth,  was 
forminr  a  pafk  about  Cornbuiy,  think- 
isg  to  mtkifc  it  with  p<|((s  and  rails.  As 
he  wtt  one  day  cAlcviating  the  elcpcnce, 
a  gtetleoun  ftood  by,  and  told  the  eai.1 
t^t  he  (Ud  {|M  go  the  cheapft  way  to 
%ork;  '*  Why 2;'  iakintyloidv  "Be* 
nufe,"  replied  the  gentleman^  "if  your 
Lordfliip  ^'Al  find  p(f/fSi  the  countr)-  will 

XXt*  ^A^StOKATE  TEMP£R. 

GeiiendSacton.  brothar  of  Sir  Robert 
Sonon,  Utas  very  paflionatc :  Sir  Robeit 
Walpole  the  revcrfc.  Sutton  beinsj  oae 
<lay  with  Sir  Robert,  while  his  vmet  dt 
ttambu  was  (having  himf  Sir  Robert 
(aid,  "  John,  you  tut  nie  ;*^ — ^and  then 
went  on- with  the  converfatian,  Prefent- 
ly,  be  laid  again,  "  John,  you  cot  me'**- 
aodathinltimfH^wbent&uttDn  ftsnting 
up^A.a  js9flU  ;ind  lioublit^  his  ^  at  the 
fervant*  .{w^  aigi^t  Qath,.and  faidk 
^  If ,Sif ^itobert  can  bearit,  t  cannot 5 
«9d  if  joii  cut, him  oi^cc.  raort  ni knock 
you  doipw/' 

•       .       .  .♦     XXH.  i^VfUk 

Quifli  fometimes  faid  things  «(  once 
witty  and  wiftv  Dt(\»u^iiig  ^poncerning 
th*  encutic^  of  Chailes  I.    «  Bilt  by 

*'Enoiimiay  gi«tB  to  Cbeftcifield. 

.tSyailMcfip«ALi«7d<ba(aett»  .    ^ 


«99 


«^t  hws>*' . i^idlds oppa|^cot>  '*  wa»  he 
put  to  death  ?  Quin  replied,  "  By  all 
the  laws  he  had  left  them  J' 

XXIU.  A^  .iyNOCBNT  MINtSTRT. 

He  uied  <to  spply  a  ilory  to  the  tii«i 
lpjoiftry» .  A  oiattr  of  a  ihip  calls  put» 
««  Who  is  there  ?'*  A  boy  naiuvwed^ 
*« Will,  Sir."— «  What  arevou doing?'* 
— "  Nothing,  Sir.''—"  Js  Tom  there  ?'' 
^•'  Yes,''  fays  Tom.  "  What  anp 
rou  doing,  Tom  ?;'— "  Helping  Wfl^ 


Sj 


XXXV.   LORD   Ross. 

The  reprobftte  Lord  Roft,  being  on 

hit  death'^bed,  was  defired  by  his  chaplaik 

to  call  oa -G^d*    Herded,  «<- 1  will  if 

I  go  that  wayi  but  I  don't  believe  ^I 


XXV.   ECCLfeSIAsTlC  sqVABBLE. 

A  vicar  and  curate  of  a  village,  whotc 
there  was  to  be  a  burial,  weneat  v^irianc^. 
The  vicar  not  coraii\g  in  time,  the  curate 
began  the  fervicc,  and  was  reading  the 
words,  "  I  am  the  reiurrc^lion***  when 
the  vicar  arrived,  almoin  out  of  breatht 
and  fijiatching  the  book  out  ofthc  curators 
hands,  with  great  lcom»  cried,  "  T^tt  tljc 
rcfurre6lion !  /am  the  reAurreftioc,*^:r? 
and  then  went  on. 

Nota,  This,  though  copied  from  Mr* 
Walpole's  own  hand-writing,  is  fufpe^lea 
not  to  he  very  new^  But  ever  old  je(ts, 
that  fuch  a  man  thought  worthy' ci" 
writing,  or  fpeaking,  canftot  be  uni 
worthy  of  a  place  in  this  lounging 
compilation  j  and  they  ofttrn  gained  by 
pailing  through  his  hands^ 

XXVI.    WEAK  NERVES. 

A  clergyman  at  Oxford,  who  was  very 
nervous  ami  abfent,  goine  to  nsad  prav»- 
era  at  St^Mary's,  heard  a  ihow-man  in  uA 
iiigh^ftreet,  who  had  an  exhibition  of 
wiki  beaAs,  repeat  often,  •'  Walk  iA 
without  Ipfs  of  time.  Ail  al^^  ! .  ^ive^ 
ho  !"  Thf  .  founds  ftruck  the  ablcnt 
man,  and  ran  in  his  head  fo  itiuch,  that 
when  h(*  began  to  read  the  fefVicc,  anA 
came  to  the  words  in  the^i^ft  vcrfe,  *'  abd 
doeth  that  which  is  lawful  and  ri^^> 
he  fhiflHavehis  foul  alive,"  he  cried  out, 
with  a  louder  voice;,'  "  fliall/avehisTo:}! 
alive  r  All  alive!  alive  hot"  to  tl^ 
aftonlibmcnt  ofthccongieg*tlvn.  .       ^ 


(      200     ) 

ORIGINAL   ANECDOtES    AND    REMAINS 

OF 

EMINENT    PERSONS. 


So  r4E  Account  o/*/-^^&/^  Stanislaus 
Augustus  (PoniaTowsky^King 

•    ofPOlAND. 

STANISLAUS  Auguftus  Tonia- 
towik;^,  was  born  on  the  17  th 
of  January,  1752,  O.  $•  He  was  the 
third  Son  at  Count  Pcniatcwllcy,  a  man 
of  fomc  talent*,  but  ot  no  famiiyj  who 
had  been,  the  favourite  of  Chirlc«  XII. 
of  Sweden,  and  who  on  the  death,  or 
as  It  U  now  iuppoftd,  the  affaJfmaUoa  of 
that  prince,  retired  to,  ^duttlird  in  his 
aative  country. 

But  if  the  birtn  of  the  father  was  ob- 
fcurc  •,  (hat  of  tlic  mother  was  uncom- 
monly illuftrious.  She  was  the  Prlnccla 
£zHtory(ka,  and  boafted  the  ponedion  of 
the  nobleft  blood  in  the  republic,  as  ftie 
traced  her  defccnt  from  the  Jagellons,  the 
ancient  fovei"eigns  of  Lithuania.  Their 
yuiingeft  fon,  the  fubjeft  of  thele  mc- 
iTiOlrs,  wlw  was  known  by  the  title  of 
Count  Poniatowiky,  from  hts  earlieft 
youth,  was  the  darling  of  his  mother,  a 
Dtautiful,  accorn^'lvMicd,  and  ambitious 
wonnn.  His  educatlui  was  commenced 
r r.Pj4 t-r  her  own  eye,  and  not  omy  fuptr- 
*i  -.tendvd,  but  in  part  diRc"^cd  by  herfclf. 
^Sh-  wa-i  indttd  admirably  calculated  for 
♦his  important  chais^e ;  for  /he  herfclf 
w:is  cnnndercd  as  pofTclTed  of  txtraordi- 
liary  attainmcnt<»  j  that  too  in  a  country, 
>T!icre  the  wcmcii  are  ibid  to  be  better  in- 
ftrufted  th:m  the  men.  The  youncr 
:i;auut  wab  attentive  Xa  his  ftudicjjand,  at 
a  Very  early  pvricd  of  life,  fortunately 
irnbibtd  a  tnf*e  twr  letters  ;  to  which  he 
hm  b(»en  indebted  Ut  confohtion  d<irlhg 
his  mlsfciiunes.  When  about  cii^htccn 
■years  of  sgc,  he  was  fent  to  rrr.vtl,  and 
"^received  ipriniillcn^  from  his  mother, 
after  vihling  Italy  ?nd  Germany,  to  pio- 

•  He  is  rcprcfcntcd  to  li::ve  been  a  fortu- 
"nate  adventurer,  who,  from  the  humble 
fita^ticn  oi'*  fcrvurit  in  the  f.irui!y  of  Miiicl- 
ky,  i»  L(Lhuuraj,"paiTed  into  llic  icrvke  of 
Charici  XII.  anj  o.n^iincd  tlie  corifiJcacc  of 
that  ptinte.  Ii«;  ^fitrwivJi  attached  himfclf 
tvj  \\A\w,  St;):>!CaUi  LcciliUlcy*  whora  he  ib 
'f-IJ  t3  havtf  bctr.vcJ J  having  Jcpilvcd  him 
Oi"  llic  o'Jlhn^cfit  if  ju.~..t'.:i:^  fo.n.crly  pr6- 
i-  ntpd  to'fli:;tf  rrnctf,  bjr  Atii^al^Uj  11.  in  p re- 
fc*:cc  lif  Ch.ific^  XU.  Ccrt.\ir.  ir  is,  th;rt  he 
lep-'ired  to  Warfii\i',  with  tliis  nicfiioriblc 
f  i.fr,  where  Auguftus  re*v  titled  him  with  the 


ceed  through  France  to  Englaod.  As 
(he  profcH^d  a  particular  averilon  to  the 
court  of  Verfailles,  flie  enjoined  him  to 
remain  there  buta  (Hart  Aime^  and  n  ibe 
loved  the  Engllih,  ihe  on  theoootiair, 
permitted  him  to  ^ay  in  Great  Britam 
a&  lonvi-  tis  hi  pleaied. 

Immtru lately  on  hit  airivtl  in  this 
ccrtuitry,  he  waited  on  Sir  Charles  Has. 
bury  Williams,  who  had  been  our  mini- 
fter  at  \Var(Kw{  «mi  during  hii  refi- 
dence  there  bad  itceived  toumir  ciyBitids 
from  his  family,  in  the  futie  «f  that 
minifter,  and  in  no  higher  cafobcity  than 
that  of  a  geotkmaB  of  the  temba%,  he 
repaired  to  St.  Feteribniigrh,  jndfooa  en- 
tered on  a  career  that  conduced  liim  to  a 
crown.  Flizabetfa  was  at  ths  period 
feated  00  the  throne  of  the  Czars.  6hf 
had  miiTted  her  oephew,  the  uafortimatt 
Peter  III.  to  an  obfcure  Gaioaa  prir*- 
cefs ;  for  the  freouent  .  revolutions  in 
Rul£a  had  rendered  a  match  with  any  «f 
the  royal  families  of  Europe  too  danger- 
ous to  become  an  obje^  of  fidue.  The 
confort  of  the  grand  duke  was  a  boM 
and  afpiring  woman  $  iliice  bpttoo-wdl 
kno%7n  under  the  name  of  Catbenne  IL 
Their  te:nt>er8,  ftudicB,  and  purftiits, 
were  entirely  dlAunihr.  He  was  at- 
tached to  the  •Counters  Worooloff  j  &e 
to  the  chamberiatB  SokikofiF,  a  haadloBie 
Kuliian,  who  had  jaft  beeivfent  iatoan 
honourable  circlet  ^^  *^2i*  vcryaccoimc. 
At  this  ci.*».cal  jperjod,  the yornig  Pole 
appeared  at  Petelourgh,  and  the  grsmd 
du chefs  inftantly  dried  up  ber  tears, 
^tanifiaus  Poniatowikjr  wa»  tihen  one  of 
the  handforoeft  men  in  Eumpe.  His 
^eifon  was  moukied  into  the  moftezqni- 
ike  I'ynunetry)  his  air  waus  noUe;  ^% 
manners  fafcinating;  in  ih^vt,  he  pof- 
itded  a  charming  exterior,  asd  his  nrad 
— a  circumli^ancc  extremely  •  rare— ap- 
peared to  be  fuil  as  graceful  as  bis  peribn. 
He  had  cultivated  a  tafte  for  dKaru; 
was  acquainted  with  the  principal  lai- 
guagcs  of  Europe  j  and  had  '%■  ceitaifi 
ibfuids  of  manners,  wfaicii  altcnnrds 
degenerated,  perhafis^  into  veakne^; 
but  at  that  time  it  appeared  to  prcce«d 

f  He  i';,'  by  fome,'  fald  to  have  ieen  fcut- 
tary. 

X  Htf  v.«s  .-p;yin;eJ  anabaflador  to  Den- 
mark. 


Account  of  the  late  King  of  Poland. 


officer  of  Jak  guai-ds,  for  his  rude  treat- 
ment of  fo  diftingut^ed  a  perfonage  ♦, 
and  gave  orders  tor  his  rclcaie.  This 
adventure,  however,  made  fo  niuch  nolle 
in  the  diplomatic  cacic,  th it  the  ambaf- 
fadors  ot  France  and  A'lilria,  who  were 
nee  of  the  young  mi- 


hfK^  a  polrfhed  and  refined  education,     guard-houft',  and  perhaps  dreading  the 

Catherine,  who  was  inftantly  ftruck  with    knouts   he  at  length  difcovered  himfelf. 

the  perfcn  and  acconiplJ(hmei>t«  of  the    On  this,  Petef  affctlcd  to  reprimand  the 

count,  became  greatly  intercftcd  in  bis      *"         "" '  ' 

kehalf|  apdjdetermined  to  realize  the  fen- 

timcRtof  Aepoet: 

^  Love  Hods  us  equal,  or  it  m^es  ds  fo/* 

E'"*^"'  ''"^'u'^?  "  'hv^i'p  '"    »°»^»  °'  rraneean, 
have  termed  a  party  both  aeainft  Eltza-    ,1,,™-^  ,►  ,v..  „a 

betii  ind  her  oVaLfbandr   Certain  it    l^i^J^I^'^J',,'!??.:"!!!!' 

is,  that  ttie  Chancellor  Beftufcheff  was 

devoted  taher,  and  that  by  his  njeans,  fhe 

contrived  W  inveft  Poniatowlky  with  a 

public  chatadei*.     Thus  powerfully  pa- 

ttoDiKd,  iie  returned  to  Warfaw,  with 

jmen  to  Count  de  Bruhl/then  prime  mi- 

Aiftcrof  Poiand,  and  fpeedily  came  back, 

adorned  Wfrii  the  ojxier  of  tlie  white  eagle, 

and  the  iihportant  million  of  ambafT^dox 

fi-om  the  kmg  and  republic^ ' 

In  this  new  capacity  he  did  not  forget 
10  pay  h«  refpe^s  to  the  little  court  of    ^^on'IliccecA'd  .ach  o, 
Oranicnbaum  ♦  j    and    the  arphducheft 
was  Iboa  after  (in  February,  1758)  de- 
livered of  a  tiauguter,  who  was  chr' 


nifter,  aftualiy  complained  to  ttie  era- 
prefs^  and  her  majtfty  was  }.revaile4 
upon  to  fojicl^  the  itcail  of  a  plenipoten- 
tiary, who  wao  fur,pof(.d  ro  have  difturbed 
the  union  of  pendns  la  ilhiitrious,  aiid  ii^ 
nearly  allied  to  her. 

Itwas  thus  that  Poniatowfky,  owing 
every  thing  to,  and  Icfng  cVcry  thhig 
by  love,  wl\s  oblI^v;d  to  UiVcit  liimfcliof 
his  public  characlcr,  and  return  to  his 
native    count;  7  and    a  private    Nation. 
A  feries  of  in    ortant  events,  hcwevef, 
ach  o JiwA-  J  and  by  agi- 
tating his  hopes,  cvnlolcd  him,  in  fomi 
wi  ^^'a    nie^Juie,  for  his  difgrace.      J  he  Emprefs 
'^""^^^    Eiizpbt'th,  djiing  whofe      *        '     "    ' 


by  the  name  ot  the  Pnncels  Anne :  but    /;,«  ^.^•*»1  „o      ^         ^       T  i.^  7    Ir 

'•     •      •    -  •         rpi^^ ^^^     ',    Z    uan  armies  na.  c!icamp;d  on  the  banks  of 

The  young  plcni-     ♦i,^  i>i,:_    ^^j  .i._  -f..^  1  ., •i.m. 


reign  the  Ruf- 
r~/4  «nW  r.^  ^««-..v« '    'T\.J.~^.\^'ZL\  ^"'^    ^^^  armies  na .  encamped  on  The  banks  d 

Ca  favourite  wlih  the  whole  of  thearch-     ,'f '  f '^t    ?f    ™°nf;fhy.  <i..d  fud- 

dncal  h^uy.    He  finoked  and  drank    ™  1' f  "h  Tl'i     .^         ^'^      tk^  r* 

•■■-''  .  -      ■  ^    oji  tne  5 th  or  January,  1762.     The  cha- 

racter of  the  Ticw  monarcli  was  well 
knc/wn  to  him,  and  he  was  aware,  from 
the  mafculine  genius,  and  inordinate  am- 
bition of  his  conlbrt,   that  fome  greait 


^vith  the  prince  J  and,  at  the  lame  time, 
xcntlmied  to  be  the  rei|fn!n^  favourite, 
during  feveral  years,  with  *his  coofort. 
At  length,  however,  the  grand  duke, 
who  is  laid  to  have  entertained  fome  fuf- 
picLons  rtlative  to  the  paternity  of  the 
rrincefs  Anne,  began  to  receive  the 
Polifli  minifter  with  coolncfs;  and  his 
vilits  to  the  palace  were,"  fboji  after, 
wholly  interdielcd. 

This,  however,  did  not  deter,  but  ra- 
ther ftimnlated  the  ropjantic  ipirit  of  the 
young  Pole,  who,  concealing  the /;j^^«i^ 


•  It  is  but  candid  to  obfcrve,  that  this 
adventure  is  dil.Fercntly  "related  by  M.  de 
Rulhieres. . 

"  Lc  jcune  cour  commen^ait  done  a  etre 
ouvertcmenc  divlfce,  quand  une  nuit,  daos 
une  maifon  dc  compngnie,  Poniatowiky,  prci 
d'cntrer  chez  la  grand  duchefle,  fans  avoir 
de   pretext*  fur    le    lieu,    teraba  cntre   les 


of  the  white  eagle,  and  difguifing  him-  "^^^^^  ^^  man  outrage.  Cet  amant,  mini- 
lei  f  ai  a  meciianic,  freqi^mly  repaired'  ^^^'^^^  wur  ecrangcre,  reclame,  dans  k 
to  Oranicnbaum,  and  entered  the  gardens  ^^"^  ^"*  l*^  mcna$ait,  les  droits  de  fon  carat- 
which  overtook  theGuIphofCronttadt,  '"'*='  *  ^^  vnn^^.  qui  v,t  dan.  cettc  avcn. 
K«  «»-,-.  c  I  1  ufj  J  /-  ^^^^y  deux  cours  compromilcs,  n'ofa  ricn 
\17TI  i  ""  ^  f  had  procured  for  ,,3,,  f^,  i^^,^,.^  I,  depof^r  Poniatow- 
that  purpose;     One  lummer^s  evenmg,  as  -                             .'.*'. 


ije  was'paiSng  through  an  alley  that  led 
to  a  pavitihm,  he  happened  to  be  fcen  by 
th?  arohduke,*  who  inltantly  recogt>i7?cd, 
and  gave  onters  to  arreit  him.  Oii  b :?i ng 
internigatcdv  h^  pretended  to  pal's  for  a 
Ofrwm  tayior,  who  had  come  from 
3\ter(burgh  .to  meafyre  his  highnefs's 
f':rvants  for  fome  new  1  iyeries  \  but,  when 
threatcu':rd  with  being  committed  to  the 

•  A  paTjce  at  fome  diftance  fromthe  c.\pi- 
t.l,  presented  to  the  young  grand  duke  by 
Mstiut,  the  £mpr«afili2s^tk. 


Iky  dans  un  corps  dj  garde,  Sc  depecha  ua 
courier  au  favori  t;ai  gouvernjilt  Tcmpirc, 

"  iMgrandt  liuch^:,  fuijSnt  tcitau  dangtr, 
vient  trou-ver  Jtm  m.iti,  ccninnt  de  tout  avtc  au' 
dactj  hi  rejn  efenta  ce  qt/'Jurait  dt  fdchrux  ^ 
prvt-ftre  f.intpe  ^wr  hti-mcmty  la  fubBcitt 
d't  r.'  tsik  mrrfirr.  EiU  fe  juftifaf  en  hi  ep^ 
pcy-.t  ia  rnaitrcjj'c  q'SU  avail,  fiufadetaut.l* 
tKj^iic,  EII.C  pjcnl:  ^ue  dcrnevant,  dU  trai^ 
iu^iif  c.tuj't'i  *J''..-  :cui  ia  cgardf  ouc  fa  ficrti 
lui  aniMt  njijeij^jjutilort,  i^c.  Lt  grand  dpc 
Jcjftte  jf^arl\ij'ifnus4t:t  ftuile  confiri'au  encort pr 
Jitif  iif'  (H  mim/  teptps  JJiuit/  parja  rnaitrtjfs^ 


ferma  ics  ytuxf  (Jc/ 

Pda 


cataftroph* 


^% 


Atcount^fAe  tuu  King  (f  Ftknd. 


dataftrophe  was  at  Band.  This  was  aM- 
ally  the  cafe.  The  ChantcUor  Bcftucheff 
had  been  ban'i/hed  to  Siberia;  his  in- 
tiigvics  were  principally  diie6ked  towards 
the  nobles.  Catherine,  howercr,  knew, 
that  in  an  abfolute  gdvemment,  whoever 
€an  fecure  the  military,  may  command 
the  nation.  She  accordingly  bent  her 
thoughts  to  tliat  fole  objcft,  and  actually 
found  means  to  gain  a  number  of  the 
guards.  Her  pretexts,  fpecious,  and  ad- 
mirably fuited  to  the  comprehcnfions  of 
a  barbarous  foldiery,  were  founded  on 
^e  innovations  cccaljoncd  by  the  Praflian 
exercife,  and  an  abolition  of  the  ancient 
Ruffian  uniform  J  tlie  war  in  Holftcin, 
the  n^ceflTary  ?ibfencc  in  confequencc  of 
this,  from  the  delights  of  the  capital, 
but  above  aH,  the  omiffion  of  the  cere- 
mony of  Peter's  being  crowned  at  Mof- 
eow,  which,  according  to  the  popes  of 
the  Grctk  church,  made  an  infunef^ion 
ccaie  to  be  a  rebellion  !  Her  agents  con- 
Cfted  of  three  "brothers  of  the  name  of  Or- 
lofFj  two  of  whom  were  foldiers*;  of 
Pafficlc  and  Bibikoff,  two  fubal'terns  of 
^  the  princefs  Dafchkaw,  who  in  the  bofom 
of  icrvitude  had  conceived  fome  notions 
of  a  republic  j  of  Count  Panin,  gover- 
nor to  the  prefent  emperor,  who  had  im- 
bibed favourable  ideas  of  a  limited *mo- 
faarchy,  during  an  cmbafly  to  the  court 
Df  Stockholm;  and  of  Cyril  Razou- 
moffiky,  who  from  being  a  peaiant  of 
the  Ukraine,  had  become  commandant  of 
the  guards  of  I/hmailoffj  and  Hctmatt 
of  the  Coffacks  of  Little  Ruffia. 

The  fate  of  one  of  the  greatcf^  empires 
in  the  world,  was  not  only  decided  in  a 
lew  hours,  but  even  without  a  Uruggle. 
All  the  crowned  heads  of  Euro,pe  were 
then  a^  cagei-  to  recognize  a  fortunate 
4ifurper,  as  they  have  been  fin^ e  tardy  in 
acknowledging  a  legitimate  govei-nment; 
and  minifters  flocked  from  evei-y  part  tp 
pay  their  refoeAs,  on  the  eleyation  of 
Citherine!  One  prince  only,  ftruck 
with  the  immorality  of  her  condu<5l,  re- 
fufed  admifiion  to  her  ambafTadors. — 
^his  was  the  emperor  of  China ! 

No  (oon^T  had  the  f;rft  intelligence  of 
Ais  fingular  cvctpt  reached  the  cir^  of 
Count  Poniatow/ky,  than  he  inftantly 
|)ofted  to  the  front iers*  an<l  preiTed  ea- 

ferly  to  be  pei-mitted  to  repair  to  court. 
»ut  a  rt volution  had  taken  place,  not 

♦  f<  Orlo*"  !«  olus  bel  horpmc'  du  nord, 
*^Hnr  naitf^nce  'mediocre,  gentittiomffte,  fi 
I'onTWati  P»  >»()«rttmdn  A  quelgues  pay- 

fcgimcns  dco  gardtrs,  &c,*' 


only  iQ  that  empire,  buf  In  dtf  gltarh- 
ments  of  its  prefent  Ibyereign*  CoofiC 
Orloff,  a  man  equally  deftitut€  of  deli- 
cacy and  education,  who  pofiefled  a  lier- 
culean  form,  and  who  was  celebfated  fbr 
nothing  but  pcrfonal  bravery,  eiQoyed 
the  aij^ions  of  Catherine,  and  In  fome 
meafure  monppoiized  her  favours*  Tht 
fame  courier  who  had  brought  the  letter 
from  the  count,  was  a^coitfiiijy  dif- 
patchcd  tp  himlramediatety,  wiAaliiort 
note,  in  which  he  was  enjoined  to  rcpiir 
to  Warfaw,  and  expefl  cyery  thinj^  from 
^cfrunJJhip  of  the  emprefs.  T^nh  un- 
cxpe^led  reply  at  firll  affefted  him  con- 
(iderably,  for  he  was  greatly  attached  to 
her  imperial  majefty^  a^d  nad  alwayi 
eonfidercd  his  abfence  frdm  the  ^nrt  of 
J^uflia,  as  a  fpecies  of  exile  ♦.  Ambi- 
tion, however,  at  length  proved  vifto- 
rious,  and  he  returned  to  his  native  coun- 
try, pleafed  with  the  idea,  that  if  he  had 
loil  a  miftrefs,  he  was  affurcd  of  a  cto^. 
Hi?  hopes  were,  indeed,  fliortly  rea- 
lized, for  Augu(his,  king  of  Poland, 
died  at  Di*cfden,  on  the  s^  of  Oflober, 
1763  i  this  event  was  eaiily  anticipated, 
for  his  majefty*s  health  had  been  for 
fome  thne  in  a  declining  ftate,  and  it 
was  forefecn,  that  a  conftitution^  enfee- 
bled more  by  debauchery  than  'age,  couU 
not  long  refill  the  preifure  ot  difirafe. 
The  Czarina  was  accordingly  piiepaied 
for  the  occurrence  ||  ftie  had  a  large  body 
of  troops  on  the  confipes  of  the  republic, 
and  they  entered  Poland  vyith  equal  joy 
and  precipitation  j  for  that  upbappy,  but 
fertile  country,  has  ahfays  been  con- 
(idered  as  the  paradife  of  the  Ruffian  ibl- 
diery.  But  the  court  of  Peteriburgh  did 
not  conBYie  its  operations  to  force  alone ; 
mtrigue  was  had  repourfe  to;  (pkndiij 
promifes  were  made ;  threats  vrere  em- 
ployed 5  and  gold  was  dift|ibuted  every 
wWe.  To  complete  all,  Warfa%yw38 
taken  pofltffion  of  by  a  body  of  Riif- 
(jar.s,  and  the  imperial  ambafT^dcr. 
Count  Kayferling,  who  was  omnipotent 
in  that  fapital,  already  began  to  treit 
Poland     like    a    conquered     province. 

*"  9etn§  obliged  t»  leave  RuflU  with  pre- 
cipitation, and  without  being  able  toprocnTc 
a  portrait  of , his  miftreiii,  laa  couotiy  where 
the  arts  wee:  but  little  cuUivatcd,  <he  ^^ 
thing  he  did  on  hU  return  to  Warsaw,  wts 
to  iupply'  this  deficiency,  'tht  painter,  to 
till 5  oCcaGon,'  worked  under  ^ihc'dhcdicn  of 
the  count, 'who,  as  it  were,  diBetgd  l)ie  fct- 
tures*  Tbc'reicmbUnce  is  fmi  to  havt  ^e3 
«On^<ete,  «i)d  th«  cmpiAfs  «r^  cxc««dtfig<f 
Buttered  by  diiiMLvd^^ooc  oCfiUadtry. 


4u9uni  9ftke  iatt  King  rf  Pdand* 


aQ3 


]k»  this  qntical  iituatk>n  of 'affiurs#  the 
Piet  was  convoked|  and  the  debates  be 
came  tumultuous.  The  elc^ion  was  car- 
ried OQy  m  exprefs  vio|atioa  of  one  of 
the  coa&itution  laws,  which  declares 
every  nominatiQn  void»  during  the  con- 
tinuance of  forpign  troops  within  the  ter- 
ritories of  the  republic  ;'  and  the  deputies 
BOW  voted  under  the  menaces  of  a  hoftlle 
army,  an4  even  witliin  the  reach  of  their 
icannoQ.  At  )ength»  on  the  7th  of  Sep- 
tembery  1764^  Count  Poniatowiky  wa^ 
proclaimed  kingi  by  the  name  of  i>t*.m- 
ilaus  A^Jguilus.  A  iimilar  event  had  be- 
fore occurred  in  the  hiftory  of  the  repub- 
lic ;  for  Augiiflus,  ele£lor  of  Saxony,  was 
calkd  to  the  throne  in  1697*  by  means  of 
a  iham  ele^iioni  and  under  the  protedtibn 
oi  a  Saxon  army  \  Auguftus^  howeyer. 
wasatbreigner^  Staniflaus  a  native;  ana 
butliitle  could  beexpc6led  from  the  reign 
of  a  prince^  wbofe  £rll  public  £>fl  was 
a  violation  of  the  liberties  of  his  country  t 
it  is,  notwithftanding,  prope.  to  remark 
nere,  thattbc  niiUnei$of  the  king's  dif- 
poiition,  inciioed  him  to  manage  the  in- 
ternal affairs  of  the  nation  with  grca( 
jnoderation*  and  that  he  wa«i  but  ill  (<- 
ponded  by  the  nobles  and  clergy  }  who, 
boaiiing  a  favage  feudal  independence, 
kept  the  pealsmtiy  In  the  molt  abjed  Hate 
of  flavery,  ^nd  thus,  in  the  end,  paved 
the  way  to  their  own  lubjugaticn.  Ano- 
ther pi-epoqdcrating  Cuulc,  thac  cHentially 
aiiribuied  to  the  approaching  ruin,  was 
the  fuuation  of  the  t>iffidtnts :  thele  con- 
futed pf  luch  as  tbllowcd  the  rites  of 
th:  Greek,  Calviniftic,  and  Lutheran 
churciKSi  and  being  prote^lcd  by  the 
treaty  of  Oliva,  their  grievances  afforded 
afpeclous  pretext  for  the  interference  of 
foreign  powers.  Under  Sigifmund  Au- 
guftus,  the  il'.aratifts  of  every  dcfcrip- 
tion,  were  indulged  with  a  ftat  in  the 
Diet,  aud  ado^ttcd  to  all  the  honours 
fWid  privileges  before  confined  to  the  Ca- 
tholics J  iince  that  pei'iod,  the  niembcrs 
of  the  eftabliftied  church  liad  wantonly 
CKcluded  all  but  themfelves  from  public 
employment,  and  even  lnterdi6led  the 
profcmon  of  any  oiher  faith  but  that  of 
the  church  of  Rome. 

Tholc  appertaioing  to  the  Greek 
church,  being  powcrhally  pjotefted  by 
the  court  of  St.  Peterfl)urgh,  and  thoie 
proftrfllng  the  reformed  religion,  by  tl« 
C'juru  of  London*  Copcnhagcji,  :ind  Ber- 
lin; a  petit  jgn  was  prefcn*ed  Lw>  the  king 
in  1765^  in  which  the /)i^i/;;r/i  demand: 
«'i  to  he  reinstated  in  theii  ancient  rights 
»nd  prtviifgMb  «»d  to  be  placed  on  the 
iacie  tooting  as  the  Koman  Cath<^c9 ; 


for,^  as  they  very  juiUy  obferved,  <«  the 
diitcirnce  of  fentiraents  upon  fome  pomts 
of  religion,  among  Chr ill lans,  ought  not 
to  enter  into  any  confideration  with  ft- 
gard  tt)  the  employments  of  the  ftate. 
The  various  fcrfs,'*  added  tKey,  **  al- 
though they  differ  in  opinion  among 
thcmlelves,  with  rcfpeft  to  fome  mjitters 
of  doflriae,  yet  agree  ii)  one  point,  that 
pf  being  faithful  to  their  foyereign,  and 
phedieiit  tg  his  orders :  all  the  Chriflian 
fourts  afe  convinced  of  this  fadb  \  and, 
therefore,  having  always  this  principle 
In  view,  and  without  paying  any  re- 
gard to  the  religion  they  protefs,  Chrif- 
tian  princes  ought  oniv  to  feek  after 
thole  whofe  merits  aiid  taknts  enable 
them  to  ferve  tl^eir  country,*'  This  pe- 
tition was  referred  to  the  Diet,  but  the 
fanatical  and  intolerant  clergy  who  fat 
thei^,  oppofed  every  attempt  tor  the  me- 
lioration of  the  (condition  of  their  fellow 
fubje^s,  and  thus,  by  a  narrow  and  de- 
ipicablc  policy,  prevented  a  powerful 
body  of  men  from  aflilling  their  country 
in  the  difturbances  that  enfued. 

Hitheito  Staniflaus  had  experienced 
but  little  public  oppofition  to  his  govcm- 
nicnt,  bemg  prohibited  by  a  powerful 
army  of  Ruffians ;  but  this  femblance  of 
tranquillity  did  not  continue  long.  The 
Ottoman  rorte,  indignant  at  the  condufl 
of  the  cmprefs  towards  Poland,  and  in- 
ftigated  by  the  promifcs  of  the  Fitnch* 
court,  relolved  upon  war.  Accordingly, 
the  Ruflian  minitter,  Obrelkoff,  was  Siut 
up  in  the  feven  towers,  and  hoftiHtiee 
proclaimed  in  x  7(1 8. 

This  appeared  a  farourite  moment  for 
the  Poles,  who  had  hitheito  been  teirified 
rather  than  fubdued.  Prince  Radzivii, 
and  a  powerful  body  of  the  nobility,  ac- 
cordingly aflbciated  tOffetber,  and  they 
were  cordially  fupported  by  the  dignified 
clergy  j  lefs,  however,  out  of  a  love  of  li- 
berty, than  a  hatred  to  the  proteftrefs  of 
the  b/ffideftisl  At  length  a  regulai*  infur- 
rection  commenced,  and  the  coftfederafion 
of  Bar,  as  it  was  term:rd,  began  to  aifumc 
a  fonnidable  appearance. 

Tiie  confederates  were  protefted  un- 
derhand by  the  court  of*  Vienna,  and 
taore  publicly  by  that  o£  Vcrfailles ;  the 
latter,  indeed,  fupplied  them  with  money, 
arms,  and  ammui»itIon,  provided  them 
with  fome  veteran  officers,  and  the  duke 
of  Choifeul  a6lually  ient  Dumouriez 
thither  with  diplomatic  powers. 
.    .   . .• 

*  Choifeul  was  at  that  time  prime  minifter, 
and  da  Yergcnaes  amhaH'sdor  st  Conftaati- 
noj»le. 

Catherint 


i04  Account  of  iiilah'Ktng  of  Tdland. 

Catherine  tcmporhcd:     The  flow^rof  of  horftmen:'and'lia^jt'if<oi^^ 
her  army  wai  employed  in  a  diftant  war-  treachery  of  iCofzi6tkii  'feJ^wswilcl  have 
fare,  againft  the  M u flu  1  men  on  the  bor*  been  carried  to  thue  cainip  p\*jp[ulawfiti, 
*"  ders  ol  the  Danube  and  the  DnciAer.  She  and  gflven  an  tUhn-^'lling,  \>\x\.  ferrhkiab!* 
therefore  had  recourfe  to  artiiice,  and  fet  fanilion  to  llie  procceShgj  gf^lhe  ctu::- 
up  a  counter- confederation*  at  th«  bf«d  derates.                          '        '^ 
ot  which  Ihe  placed  a  king  of  her  own  The. interview  of  fovereigBi. arc  but 
creation.     Her   g^nnemls,  GallitziA  tnd  too  often  fatal' to  the  inf«ntiU  of  tlieW 
Kofnanzof,  had,  however,  no  foancr  ac-  man  race.'   During    the   coiiftrcnct  at 
quired    a  dcciuve    ftiperiority  oVer  the  Neils,  in  Siteiia,  in  17694  between  Jo- 
Turks,  than  /he  pepared  for  offcn five  feih  II.  and  the  king  of  Prufila,  the  ht- 
operations,    and    carried    on    a    com  eft  ter  firit  broached  the  idea  of  the  difoicnr- 
againft  the  PoU*;,  In  fhe  name  of  Poland,  brrment  of  Poland  \  and  fent  hi*  brother, 
>viih  a  ferocity  that  would  have  dilgraced  Prince  Henr%-,  to  Petcrtburgh,  to  louaj 
the  moft  ravage  nation.     The  nublcs  of  the  dlipclition  of  Catheriiir,  on  that  iub- 
the  patriotic   party,  when  taken,  were  jeft.     In  a  fecorid  inttrvicw,  at  Ktuiladt 
t;fncraily    C3r.liacrcdj     a    ftw   pajatiiics 
were  rela*vt;d  for  a  more  dreacitui  fate  j 
for,  of  Ibme  the  toiign.cs  were    cut  cut, 
and  ofotliers,  tije  mtmbers  were  muti- 
lated J  and,  in  this  fituation,  they  were 
cxpOild  to  the  unrelenting  fcorn  of  their 

foes,  and  the  unavailing   ccmpafnon  of  privcd  of  large  and  fertile  tcrntcries,  be- 

their  ccnmtrymcn*.     1  he  hciile  of  Auf-  rcaved  of  five  millions  of  inhabluii?s, 

tvia  alfo,  was  induced  by  the  allurements  and  forced  to  relinquifh  half  her  annvial 

of  frtfci  acquiiiiions,   to  dtciare  againft  income,  by  the  arts  and  arms  of  Ruflia, 

them;  and  even  France,  which  had  hither-  Auftris,  and  Pmiria.     It  U  not.  a  little 

to  given  aififtfincc  underhan.l,  at  length  memorable,  and  it  is  worthy  of  tlic  a:- 

%vithdrcw  her  aid.     Thus  left  to  their  tention  of  tholle  who  maik  the  revolutions 

own  fcanty  refources,  it  alLrds  but  little  of  empires,    that*  one  of  thole  ci^atcs 

room  for  w.  nek r,  that  a  nobility,  w..ich  was  formerly  held  in  vaflalage  b)'   the 

tliought  inUf  degraded  by  carrying  arms  Poles;  another  ';ad  fetn  its  cajntal  ar^ 

in  any  other  manner  than  on  horleback,  throne  poflefled  by  them ;  and  a  third  ha4 


in  Aiiftria,  the  projc£l  or  Ipotiation  "wit 
fettled  j  and  in  1771,  this  grofs  vIo!atIc; 
of  the  law  of  nations  was  perpetrated, 
and  the  Diet  fOr(fed  to  announce  its  pic 
tended  afTent,  by  means  of  a  ibkrmn  a  t 
of  renunciation.     Thus  Poland  was  it- 


and  an  enflaved  peafantry,  rclu6lanrly 
fcrvinp  on  foot,  in  a  quanvl  in  which 
they  did  not  deem  thcmfelves  interelled  ^ 
Ihould  prove  an  unequal  match  for  a  pow- 
erful dcmertic  party,  headed  by  their  own 
iLJhg,  and  a  numerous  foreign  army,  fup 
ported  by  all  the  clergy  of  a  great  empire. 
We  ought  rather  to  be  aftonifhed,  how 
a  Kiindful  of  brave  nobles,  could   have 


been  indebted  to  a  king  of  thatf  nation, 
for  the  prefervation  of  its  metropolis, 
and  almoft  for  its  exiftence  as  an  inde- 
pendent kingdom. 

The  bad  laith  of  tbcfe  imperial  and 
royal  fpoikrs,  is  fo  much  the  more  r-o- 
torious,  when  it  is  recollecked,  that  in 
1764.,  the  cmprefs  of  RufTia  had  tVanf- 
mittcd  to  the  court  of  \Var{aw,  a  rc- 


been  able  to  fupport  fuch  an   unequal  Qunciationof  all  claims  on  Poland;),  fignci 

conteft,   during  the  years  1769,    1770,  with  her  own  haad,  vnd  fealed  with  the 

and  1771  i    this,  h'^wcver,  they  a6lually  feal  of  the  empire;  that  in  the  Very  fame 

tffeftcd,  and,  had  they  been  but  properly  year,  the  king  of  PniflbaUb   fokmnly 

ieconded,  by  any  foreign  power,  would  rdincjwilhed  all  claims  and  pretenfiosii, 

aflurcdly  have  proved  triumphant.     As  and  that  the  craprefs-quccn  in  177?,  not 


reign  mercenaries  :  even  then,  indeed,  hb  guarantee  of  the  integrity  of  its  territo^ 

VIS  not  entirely  ^z^t:  from  the  enteipri(^  rien.     "  The   partiooary  policy  of   the 

of  the  cv  lif.  derates ;    fcr  en  the  3d  of  continental  defpots,'*  as  it  is   termed  bjr 

of  SeptemTu  r,  1771,  he  was  fcircd  in  the  ap  Enf;J'.lb  blfhopj,  may  appear  tp  fupfr« 

^rT':t^c>i  hfs  npit;il,  by  a  refolute  band  ficial  obfci-vcrs,  to  be  attc^ieidoalywidl 

«  The  bcrty  tikf-ti  by  the  Rvflla»t<,  wa!l 

Ii/awciire ;  inJ,  it  wc  arcTio  g7ve.crc<i*t  Xp  a 
kce  |Jul}K.iUcn  of  fomc  cti'.-b.ityj  ihs  tmr 
-preH  hcjftiuf  receive il  tlic  iirr.oK.:  Ji: vy  ^f 
Prince  Riijlvil,  aS  her  Ihr.rt  of  :hc  1-bil  1 


*  PoUnd  couTd  liever  be  previiiled  on  toac^ 
knowledge  Pruilia  au  a  kia^oaou^tlijilQ^. 

•j-  I«»liii  o«-<bicBci.      ::    .     . '      t         1  .    n 
I  Dr.W'ATSo'N,'  «  Ci€'^iSfH^^'T»"  -**^' 
iv.   Prcl.  rage  7. 

locai 


Aarnit  tf  thf  late^Khli  of  P^tdnJ. 


lOj 


Ucal  and  tetpportcyconfeqiKncMs  it  Is  ThicJuwH,  •r  montedgatcj 

not  to  be  concealed,   however,    that  it  Not  cities  proud,    with  fpir«a    and  turrcti; 

gave  a  fetal  blow  not  only  to  Europc^a  .  ^    .       crown*d  j        , ,      ^ 

Llic  V,  but  aifo  to  the  Aippofed  fai&  of  ^l  W»,  tnd  broad-armM  ports, 

^'    '       and  prepared  the*^y,  in  fomc  Whe«Uughing.t  the  ftorm,  rich  navies  ndej 


princes, 

ineafure,    for 'the  revolutions  that  have 

iince  enfued. 

The  Poles  had  been  overawed  by  the 
tliree  great  allied  powers  on  the  continent, 
but,  as  yet,  they  were  not  annihilated  as 
a  nation.     They  perceived  all  th<  dan- 


Not  fttrr'd  and  fpanglei  courts, 

Where  low-browM  bafenefs  wafts  perfume 

to  pride  $ 
•*— iVb;  Mt!lrHiGH«'Miwstf  msh,     ^ 
With  powers  as  far  tbove  dull  brutes  eadaed^ 
In  foreft,  brake,  or  den, 
As  beafts  excel  cold  rocks  and  btambles  rade: 


srersof  anele^ive  monarchy,  in  afeeble  Men,  wko  thiir  duties  know, 
Itate,  ftirrounded  by  powerful  neigh-  ** 
hours,  and  they  detennined  to  remove 
the  caufe  of'  To  many  calamities.  A  ge- 
neral enthufiaihi  ieized  the  minds  of  tne 
people  i  the  cities,  in  particular,  evinced 
the  moll  eameft  deiire  K>r  a  change  in  the 
exifting  conftitution,   and  this  was  ac 


But  kvow  their  rights,  and  jcnow- 

IXG,  DARE  maintain; 

Prevent  the  LohJc-AiM*D  blow, 
And  crush  the  tyrant  while  they 

rend  the  chain: 
These  constitute  a  state. 

The  ele£lor  of  Saxony,  on  being  con- 


cordingly  effcaed  by  the  revolution  of    f»iltcd  refpeaing  a  meafure,    fcemingiy 


the  scT  of  May,  1791.  The  republic 
once  moi'e  call  its  eyes  towai'ds  Saxony, 
and  a  new  dynafty  was  to  commence  w 
the  perfon,  and  l^e  hereditary  in  the  fa- 
»ily  of  Frederic  Augulhjs. 

A  great  orator,   now  no  more,  has 
lavithed  much  uiknecelTary  praiie  on  a 


calculatctl  to  iilulbrate  bis  family,  coldly 
declined  his  affent,  and  the  eroprefs  of 
Ruflia  having  poured  In  frefh  troops, 
the  new  conilitution  was  abandoned. 
This  attempt  of  a  fiiie  nation  to  melio- 
mte  its  condition,  was  aaually  confider- 
ed  as   an  Iniurreaion ;  aiid  ZubofF,  the 


fchanediat  was  falfc  and  hoUow,  which    paraiucur  of  the  emprefs,  is  faid  to  have 


aiforded  new  pretexts  for  frcOi  confifca- 
tions,  and,  at  length,  led  to  the  entire 
Tub jugat ion  01  Poland.  "  Tbis  revolu- 
tion,*' lays  he,  **  was  cffeaed  with  a 
f  cliry,  a  difcretion,  aA  unanimity,  and 
fcc:t.wV,  fuch^as  have  nzxcs  before  been 


decided  on  the  utter  annihilation  of  Po- 
land, as  an  independent  llate.  But  an 
avenger  feeraed  to  ftait  up,  in  xbc  perfca 
of'tlie  brave  Kofciuiko,  wliole  brilliant 
aaicns  atKcrded  a  fhort  gleam  of  com'ort 
to  his  countrymen  J    it  was   iijipofii'ilc. 


ku  %vn  on  anf  occafion ;    but  fuch  won,-    how.-ver,  to  Lvc  a  nation  in  which  iW 
■    '  •         •    •"  peafants  liad  becTi  deprelLd  by  bondage. 


t'ci all  condua  was  lefcived  for  this  glo- 
rious conlpiracy,  in  favour  of  the  true 
and  gemane  rights  and  iutercUaof  nM:n. 
Hi-j'.py  people!  if  they  know  how  to 
prccud  as  they  have  begun!  happy 
prince,  worthy  to  bc~in  with  fplendou;, 
or  to  clofe  with  glory,  a  race  of  patriots 
and  of  );.ingsy  and  to  kavc  .  , 

*'  Answc.whick  tfv'rj  Aind  to  heaven  will 
**  Which  mfiTi,  t9  &ell,  snd  angels  Joy  to  hcsrJ* 


nd  the  noUKs  had  degenerated  into  the 
worfl  cf  tyrants,  by  mc^;*  oi'an  ururpcj 
authoijty. 

The  ravages  cnrnmlttcd  by  the  Rufllans 
oeggaj-  riil  dcicription.  Tiic  cruel  Su- 
wairoiT*,  aaiug  like  an  exterminating 
."^ngcl,  put  io,ooo  men,  women,  and 
children  to  thefword  inPragaf  alane,aiid 
fuch  of  the  chiefs  a^  cfcapcd  raiUtaiy  ex- 
ecution, werft  transierrcd  to  RuHia,  where 
they  langsiiflied  inprifon,  until  th^'    ere 


In'  exprefs  oppofition  to  this,  it  may  relealed  by  the  clcme^icy  of  the  pnefwjt 

be  obfenrtd,  that  the  fcjming  confent  of  emperor, 

PiaiTia  to  the  new  c6nltit'ution,  was  a  iCingStanlllaus,  who  had  hitherto  aft- 

feare  obvioufly  laid  for  the  de!tru6'^ion  of  ed  a  part  merely  paffivc,  and  ncglca€<^ 

the  rejniblic  -,  that  the  king  was  drawn  like  a  magnanimous  prince,^  to  choofc  be^ 

itto  the  v6rte?r,  rather  by  tiic.current  of  twccn  acoimi  and  a  crown,  was  involved 

pojiuhr'oWHion,  than  the  genuine  im-  jn  the  mi  feci  tjs  of, his  country. 


Accord* 


?  'ccmff, 

*'  Wh*t  conftittitcs  4'ftati?:  ^''^  "' 
^^  high   raisM   battl«xncfit?,    « 
atound. 


•  Thw  mooftcr  has  bqcq  cj^ile4  by  the  pre* 
IaloUr*i    funt  emp«ror. 

f  One  of  the  fuburbs  of  Warfaw.       ' 

fcurity 


lto6  £mlnefit  Living  (Am^^ru..i.J^birfiitt  CafUcellli 


fcurity  fonle  tiitiekfterthit  forced  abdica- 
tion, and  fihalif  retiring  to  Ruflhi  cm  a 
peDlion>  Ml  a  vi£Hm  to  an  apoplexy,  at 
St.  Petcrfbtargh,  on  ihe  nth  of  April, 
179^,  O.S. 

Thnsdkdy  iii  Qcile,  in  the  67th  year 
of  Ills  age,  Staniflaus  Auguftus  Ponia- 
towfky»  thekAkiajB^  of  Poland,  it  was 
defto^  that  the  Sme  hand  which  had 
prefented,  /honid  berea^  him  of  -fait 
croum  i  hfs  ^vovld  have  loft  it  CanK  yeara 
i<M>ner»  tiad  it  not  btcn  for  the  generous 
iittcrvnifiom  of  Potemkin,  who  !&?,  con- 
recitd  with,  and  conceived  a  great  friend - 
fliip  for  hifi  majefty,  dnring  Uie  emprds^ft 
excurfion  to  the  Crimea.  This  prince 
had  two  fecrct  interviews  with  Catharinej 
the  firil  v/as  at  Riga,  in  1764 ;  the  other 
after  an  interval  of  twenty-three  ycara, 
in  t7<7,  on  board  a  yacht,  in  the  river 
I>mq>cr.  The  (bcond  confereiyce  lafted 
only  thirty  mnrntes;  and  on  its  conclu- 
iion,  Catharine  decorated  her  oid  lover 
wiTh.the  order  of  St.  Andrew. 

Pohiatowikyhad  afafte  for  the  fine  arts, 
and  was  Intimately  acquainted  with  all 
the  beft  authors  of  France,  Germany, 
Italy,  and  England,  lie  was  particu- 
larly attached  to  this  country  ;  and,  du- 
ring his refidencehere  as  a  private  gentle- 
man, v^as  ballottcd  for,  and  elcScd  a 
inembcr  of  the  Royal  Society.  Hisma- 
jefty  is  fuppofed  to  have  been  privately 
married  to  a  hdy  who  lived  many  years 
with  liim,  and  by  whom  he  has  had  feve- 
val  dilKtren. 

Of  the  family  of  the  unfortunate  Po- 
niarowfky,  there  is  ftlH  alive :  1 .  His 
elder  brother  Cafimir,  PrincePoniatowflcy, 
bom  on  the  1 5th  of  September,  1721,  who 
'Was  married,in  1757,  toApollonia,dai!gh- 
terof'Pafil  Uftrzyky,  Caliillan  of  Prze- 
mifl,  by  whom  be  has  two  fons,  Stani- 
llaus  and  Conftantlus. 

1.  His  After  Louisa,  n<>w  in  her  70th 
■^ar,  widow  of  Count  John*Zamoi(ky. 

3.  His  fHtcr  Isabella,  now  in  her 
6?th  year,  widow  of  Count  John  Cle- 
ment Branlky. 

+.  His  nephew,  Joseph  Anthont, 
4fm  of  Prince  Andrew  Poniatowfky,  for- 
merly general  of  the  troops  of  the  repub- 
lic. 

And  5.  Matiia  Theresa  Aktot- 
>JETTA  JosEPHiNA,  the  wlfc  of  Count 

de  TYSKlEWltT., 

AxrCOUtIT   OV  ^MIMMiT    LiViHG 
lTALiAN«f 

Al^ergati   CaPAC£LL4. 

THK    Marquis   Francis  Ai.RER 
gATiCAPACELLi,(enator  of  B«« 


'fogna,  if,  nejet  toOMaUf^  fiiii# 
comic  wrifef  -ift  Italy«  He  mp  y*i "  %^(| 
and  ^bout  65  yesM  «f  a^'  -ti*  il 
a  handfome,  nuui,  ekfrnw^f^fodl  -ii- 
tured  and  facetious'.  Ht^i^t^tmh 
youth  in  every  kM«f  ^dlfiipMciaft*)  anli^ 
according  to  his  own  coftteAolii  'ie'^ 
not  betske  himfelf ^MiifftwUea^Mrneft, 
befbie  he  bad  aeraiilMt  hh  thlrty-fowHi 
)rtar.  At  forty  lie  was  «il^  au<haran4  m 
a^or.  A  Ihort  critiqtae  «ft4iU  frind^ 
works,  with  a  eomrawiictrciofiiyfwtaeli* 
terefting  anecdotes,  rewtive  to 'Ae  Ita- 
lian fta^,  wit!  not  be,pei!luip#«  HtMm^ 
-ing  ofpublic  notice. 

tme  f3T  nM  bnr  coifiedft%,  e6iikl  not  w 
acted  in  the  thtatre  or  Y%nfW^  oli'iiitotfit 
of  the  |nn  of  0»umel9  fiaretMS/at  oH 
high-fpinted  woman  of  quaUtyt  *Na 
a^refseotrfd  be  found  iAl!lat  cUy  to  plar 
the  part  of  an  cfld  woman,  saii  Vnad  Hn 
■ugly.  It  was  aflfri,  howfV|fcr>  ^B6iafai 
Wttn  ^reat  appiatiie.  Ttna  neccnlmi- 
bles  very  nmch  the  -F^|eMh  coidedyv 
<*  Le  FMhfifbe  fitns  k  \kHM0K.  Tte 
only  critique  made  oA  it  ^ih%  k  fttfkcix^ 
in  feveral  fcenes, 

««  7»tfPf^««T"was-fheii*pttcrtfcit 
Alvekcati  composed  In  Tofe.  fit 
was  well  aware  that  blabli^rerft^  arenot^ 
as  i^  generally  thought,  the  beft  adapted 
to  familiar  diafogue  ;  he  would  low 
given  the  preference  to  wl^t  the 'Italians 
call,  Martcfum  nfeffes :  but  ar  the  de- 
putation of  Paima  required  the  fonwr 
fort,  he  was  obliged  to  adopt  a  mode  <X 
verfification  not  congenial  to  his  own 
tafte.  "  The  Prtfimer'^  waa  crowned  in 
Parma  m  1773,  and  a2(^  afterwards  m 
a  country  feat  of  the  houfc  of  AidrcrsV' 
ifiy  near  Bologna.  Thi!f  piece  is  coofi- 
dercd  as  the  bift  of  the  atlttiar*sT)erfortn- 
ances;  and  the  European  jourjuUfts  no- 
ticed it  with  the  *gi-eatcft  encomiums. 

/*  The  Emiliet*  is  a  piece  in  imitatioc 
of  a  French  corned ^',  which  Mr.  Ai- 
re rcati  did  not  wlffi  to  name,  norde. 
fignate  its  author,  declai-ing,  in  ;i  jccoiir 
way,  that  he  left  it  to  the-  cnrious  cn- 
qui:  I.-S  of  the  p-ablic. 

tlfn!  niece,  was  alfo  rcprefented  bcfott 
the  deputation  of  Partni  hi  1^74.  If 
was  vritren  in  vcrfe,  and higWy  extoRrf 
in  all  the  journals.  Some  blpcfttobs  we» 
made  agalilft  it,  on  the  fcor*  of  tlie  zSton 
dill  Ing  "and  drinking  together  *l!f!  tire  91! 
fcene  of  the  nth  a^:  .a  circmnftapce 
which  had  aifb  given  occafion  to  cenfuit 
inGoldcni.' 
*»  Tbc  ITift  Fritfut^  gof  tfcc  autlKff 

mack 


Eminint  Living  Italians.. ..jfitergatt.Capacetli. 


20J 


nvudi  ill  will  anoBg  the  Udksy  on  ac< 
count. pf  tlie  iiftngMet  of  haxc-drcf&n, 
wliifklitanwicdo&tbeftggpB.  This  was 
6mic  milih  uich  great  adroitnefs,  that  all 
Hie  Tpq^ors  jodiged  that  M.  Albbr- 
ojkTi  mgit  have  cooverfed  veiy.  much 
with  hair-dreilersy  either  as  rivals  or 
rpics.  When  it  vras  performed  in  Bo- 
lognsi  s  lady  in  a  bojc  fainted  away  at 
tke  fight  of  one  fcene,  and  another  lady 
apylioi  to  the  cardinal  l^rate  to  hare  it 
focbiddfli.  The  ladies'  hair-drefTers  aifo 
combined  in  a  plot  to  thrafh  the  come- 
dians and  the  poet. 

*<  Ufm  JUtiahe  QoMctaleit'  is  the  laft 
work  that  AtBRjtCiWTi  wrote  in  verfe : 
itwas  publiihed  ia  1775,  and  pcrfonxNed 
by  the.  amh4M'  himHeH  and  his  private 
GompaQy. 

"  fH  ii//*  was  a  fiiiU  piece,  intend- 
ed to  runn  into  ridicule  the  excefiive  de- 
licacy of  tlje  fair  fez:  its  keeneft  ftrokes, 
however^we^  dire£^ed  againil  thofe  who 
foUav«eda  feduc^,  or  nattered  them. 
The  gofl4i¥fs  of  a  huiband»  the  vile 
adoration  pf  a  gallant^  the  affe6led  afli- 
duities  of  a  pbyfician,  dp  more  injury 
to  the  Wi^  than  they  are  able  to  do 
tbemfeives. 

The  play  called  "  IFbat  arrange  Ac- 
fiditttj'"'  was  taken  from  a  French  novel 
iBierted  in  the  Tales  of  Mifs  Uncy. 
Its  aim^was  to  correal  certain  faults  of 
perfons'  .in  high  life.  This  play  was 
highly  approved  of  by  all  in  the  middle 
ranks  of  life,  but  much  difliked  by  the 
Italian  nobility.  **  It  is  very  fingu- 
iar/*laid  M,  Ame&oati*  «*  that  Ve 
can  reliih  on  the  ftage^  sdl  forts  of  vices 
and  crimes  in  kings  and  (queens  exhi« 
bited  in  tragedy,  aiM  yet  not  fuffer  prin- 
ceOfes  and  ducneHes  to  be  turned  into 
ridicule." 

**  The  Enamoured  IFido^vs"''  is  a  play 
which  deferves  oarticular  attention,  for 
the  manner  in  wnich  it  was  written.  The 
author  was  at  his  country-feat,  with  two 
of  his  friends.  They  aj^reed  that  their 
names  fliould  be  thrown  into  a  bou^  from 
which  the  firft  that  fliould  be  drawn  out 
was  to  coQi^/e  the  Mt  aft  of  a  comedyt 
at  hi&  fimcy  i  the  fecond  was  to  continue 
the  fecond  a£^,  and  fo  on.  No  one  was 
iaformed  of  the  preceding  aft  till  the 
piece  was  delivered  for  continuation. 
It  is  truly  curious  how,  in  fo  jocofe  a  way, 
an  excellent  cocoedy'  could  have  been 
written* 

^  <'  The  SUoidiru^  S^uacV  appears  to 
be  amon?  dramatic  works  what  the 
^  Tr^j^om  Crimaand  Pfnaliks  ^Bu* 

'  Month.  Ma^.  No.  X^^UX. 


MTMi*^  is  in  philofophy,  a  remedy  for 
curing  a  barbarous  cnftom — ^that  oi  caf« 
tratine  children.  The  author  turns  into 
ridicule  the  cailrated  rauiicians.  Hede- 
clares,  hcwrcver,  he  does  not  imeQd  to 
derogate  from  their  merits  in  leamins 
and  honeftyt  but  inveighs  merely  againS- 
their  profeilionj  and  againft  the  diiho^ 
nourable  uie  of  prefei  vii^  and  encourag- 
ing iiich  degraded  beings*  It  is  high 
time,  indeed,  that  the  Italians  ihould  drop 
the  praftice  of  facrificing  thofe  innocent 
viflims  ;  degrading  human  nature  only 
to  footh  our  ears  with  a  fong ! 
^  *«  The  De/efvvtg  Mm''  is  a  piece  o£ 
ridicule,  attaching  to  thofe  reputed  wifh 
men,  who  af*e  a  calamity  to  families.  It 
is  very  common,  in  Italy^  for  families  to 
fubmit  themfelves  to  the  direflion  of  an 
unworthy  adminiftrator.  This  kind  o£ 
perfons  are  the  moft  despicable  of  any» 
and  very  often,  under  pretence  of  go- 
verning, ruin  the  bell  houfes.  M.  Al- 
BERCATi»  however,  had  no  intentiwi  to 
make  this  charafter  appear  odious  on  tbv 
fta^c,:  he  reprefenteJ  it  onJ^  as  a  miatur« 
of  Ignorance  and  prefumption,  of  honefty 
and  of  carelefsncf^. 

"  7b£  Vtrtuous  Revenge*'  is  tlie  laft  co- 
medy written  by  the  Marcjuis  Alber-^ 
c^Ti,  and  moft  probably  it  will  be  his 
laft  work.  The  title  of^the  play  feems 
to  imply  ibme  contradiftion .  ^ut  virtue 
and  revenge  may  be  united  when  we  a£k 
lawfully.  A  young  lady,  from  whom  a 
father  is,  by  calumnious  artifices,  taken 
away  by  the  hanc:man,  and  who  is  thus 
condemned  to  fuffer  infamy ,  io  exerts  her* 
ielf  as  to  reftore  tlie  reputation  and  glor^ 
of  her  father,  and  (he  afterwards  forgivea 
his  calumniators.  *%f- 

A  complete  edition  of  AtBEROTVTx't 
works  was  publiftied  in  Venice  in  1783^ 
in  12  vols.  8yo.  and  a  judicious  collec- 
tion of  his  cbefs  tTceu-vres  was  publiibe4  . 
laft  year  in  London,    in  two  large  vo- 
lumes in  8vo.    by  M.  Zavellx,    aa 
Italian,  who  dedicated  it  to  her  majefty. 
M.  AlbergaTi  will  probably  write  no 
more.      "  J  am  oU,'\  fays  he,  **  andnj^ 
fancy  is  yet  oldtir.  than  fifjufty^:  it  *^tw  nen;er 
indeed  *very  ftrong ;  and  the  many  trifles  I 
ba*v^  nvritten  ba*ve  ferved  i9  iveaien  H 
more  and  more*    Should  I  e*uer  findmyfilff 
bo'Men/eTf  among  a  humourous  cof^an}^ 
vtbonmuld  affifi  ""^unV^  tbiir  abilit'us  and 
c$rr€0kHSf  I  might  yet*  afptre  to  write 
fome  other  plays,  of  which  I  have  the 
plans  in  my  miad,  a&4  tli9'original8iii»- 
dermy  eyes%** 


t  • 


OSIGINiljb 


t     208      ) 

ORIGINAL    POETRT; 


TRAKStATIOW  OF  HORACE, 

Book  ill.  OJe  %  •. 
•pffUS  Jnno,  to  aircmblc3  Gcds  revetling 
•*'    The  diwms  of  mcni  ««  Troy,  Troy,  thy 
tott«rtng  towpri  5 
Alc^-lanJfatdjtidgc, 
A  ftrangcr  harlot-quern. 
Shake  to  the  duft.    Avcng*4  is  now  the  ft-aud 
Wiovght  by  La<tme«ion  on  toU'mg;  GoJs. 
To  Pallas,  and*  to  nie 
The  noi  of  fate  rcfigns 
Xhe  towa,  the  people,  and  t^cir  wily  chirf.. 
No  more  the  aduUersfs  boafts    h^r   gilded 
rooms: 

Nor  PriamH  faithlefs  houfc 
lUfrains  the  ftrifc-wont  Greeks 
By  He^or'said.  •  The  "War  our  broil  aroui'd. 
Cowers  o'er  their  downfall  glutted.  Now  my 
^rath 

Appeafcs,  norpurfues 
With  Uogeriog  hate  the  fon 
Whom  unto  Mars  tha  Tiojaii  prieftefs  bore. 

Let  him  afcfend  the  light-lnwovcn  feats, 
Dwin  the  bright  neftar'd  c«p, 
And  grace  the  ranks  of  gods : 

So  but  wide  feas  between  yon  ruins  roll, 

Aiid  his  proud  Rome.  While  banifli'd,  thrive 
her  fons : 

So  but  on  Paris'  tomb 
The  flocks  infulting  friik. 

And  whclp5  the  licnjfs  inPriam*s  hall. 

Climb  htr  proud  capitol  in  lafting  ftrength, 
And  to  the  diflant  Medc 
Triumphal  teach  her  laws. 

-  •  The  fecond  volume  of  the  Monthly 
Maga2ine,  page  614,  has  preferved  a  propo- 
iai  for  feparating^  in  a  new  place,  the  fecond 
and  third  Odes  of  Horace's  third  bpok.  To 
put  the  BngKA  reader  in  po^eifion  of  the 
whole  evidence,  in  behalf  of  the  alteration 
fuggefted,  a  tranflacion  of  both  poems  fecms 
requifitr.  The  Remaining  one,  therefore,  is 
Yiow  ofFcrrd  for  infertion. 

The  progrefs  of  thh  Ode  firniihes  two  nA^ 
ilitjonal  arguments  for  fuppofing  the  four 
litigated  quatrains  to  have  originally  formed 
no  part  tlicrcof.      t.  Ronmlu*  and  his  apo- 

*theofis  are  alluded  to  in  an  cra;'ular  rr-nnner; 
Jmfijum    r.cpctcm    Troia  qitcm  f^fxrit    Jacerdn 

Marti. 
The  p.fft£l  of  which  would  be  enfeebled  by 
ar.y  previous  mention,    i.  They  are  dtfcribed 

.  in  a  vein  of  poetry,  which  being  put  into  the 
mouth  of  a  tjoddcVs,  ought  to  have  furpallcd 

taQyorherdcl'cription  of  the  fame  event  in 

•.the  fame  pocift:  wheteas  the  <*  ^rm  utiigit 

arc  mucb  moic  poctiLal  than  the  *'  I  an  uiat 
injre  ftdesy^*  anU  tiic  *•  Duccte  i^eiuimjuu^it^ 
•f  clus  fcccnd  Ode  i  ta  Uy  no  Jiiitg  of  the 
-poverty  and  inutility  of  fuch  articfe  rcpctl- 
<sn:*   •     •* 


*» 
Flow  her  dicad  imd)«  (»  every  tUt-waik'^ 

{hojc, 
That  tar  ope,  or  tint  Aft  ic  deeks  with  towm, 
AIoii^  che  fea  that  drinks 
The  Availing  floods  of  Nile. 

Seorn  fne  for  gain  to  dig  ti:«  rock-uomb'd 
goH; 

(Well,  were  it  ever  hid  \\  lead  tutor'd  io^ 
$hc  grafps  with  impipus  hand. 
The  fpml  of  human  kind. 

Clafp  hcrwiiJe  arms  the  boandarietof  earth  f 

From  where  the  fnaillijFiuuj^f  torrid  light 
Wilder,  60  yon  pale  sons 
Where  drifts  the  unraeltlng  fnov. 

B«t  to  die  warlike  RiMn«M>  tbis,  I  fwcat ; 

\i  leaning  oa  a  frail  profperity. 

They,  with  too  pious  b^oJ, 
Their  Other's  hearths  rebuild ; 

Again  ihall  clapiti  wings  a  bird  of  night 

O'er  the  newTroy }  again  fliall  Ate  llroU, 
Clanldng  the  fwordand  chain. 
Led  by  the  wife  of  Jove. 

If  thrice  by  PhccbuS'  roil  re-rof*  !tj  wall 

Of  muUen  brafs^  thci<:c  ihall  xay^Grcek^  o'er* 
throw, 

And  captive  mothers  wall 
Their  foofi,  their  luilbands  flaw.*' 
C:afe,  Mufe^  fuch  foleinn  foundt  111  fuit  tby 

lip: 
Prefume  to  mock  the  fpeech  af  gods  no  mec« 
Chafe  the  ferbidding  look,   . 
I  love  thy  brow  of  Cmilet. 


Sonnet  to  the  NiqHTiwcA^E, 

By  J.CMrtVy  jmn. 

QYT  let  me  winder  at  the  moonlight  hour. 
To    fome  CcquefteT'd  grevCy    <n  filtct 

bow'r ) 
When  ccafc  the  carrols  of  the  plumy  thtoag. 
And  Philomel  begins  the  plaintive  ioQg. 
Sweet  bird  of  eve  !  I  love  the  liquid  neite 
That  flows  meillfloous  from  thy  qari'tring 

throat :  * 

O  Zephyr,  fleeting  Zephyr,  longer  ftiy^ 
Nor  L#ar  tiiat  loveiy  harmooy  away. 

Enclnntr.-.j:  chorlflcr^.   to  mt'i.r.pait 
Thy  p owV  tf)  hi .e  an.l  v.!rti\..;c  the  heart, 
For  could  I  tune  the  foul  fcJucinc:  ..if. 
The  melting    ftrains*  muii  furely  "win  the 

fair. 
Then  wiH  I  flrlve  to  learn  thy  piteous  tile. 
And   fwell,    with  thee,    fweet   birJ,    lb* 

cveniaj^  gale. 

SYMPATHY. 
COFT  magic  tenant  of  the  foul » 

That  bids  coAgcnial  mlndk  u.ilre^ 
Tfiat  fv.  J)  i  us  with  a  miU.^wtrouT, 
lnftn»dJnj^u>  ia  true  dcli|ht; . 


Original  Poetry. 


2oy 


From  every  groft  enjoynient  free, 
Heart-Cttbdulng  fympathy ! 

What  fmooths  the  rugged  brow  of  woe. 
And  minglea.pleafure  c*en  with  tears  ; 
Wiist  huisthe  fsftefttfBflTports  flow, 
Ext.vidb  the  poifon  from  our  cares  ? 
To-tb*  futwt'fnKe'thtttViweni  whh  thee. 
Thou  foothiijfgi]pirit'— Sympathy ! 
Cor.t;jn/e,'falry-"po\ver,  to  bind' 
Mf  HARiwT^  tteader  heart  to  mine  } 
Con:cn:edlpt  rac  ever  find 
Her  M^dcit  thfcoghts'  td  fhet^cline ! 
For  M^Ueihc  turns  her  love  to  chee. 
That  love  \a  tn'm(*— S^ve^c  Sympathy ! 

^^^^^^^  LB. 

A   CLtVELAN'D  P^OSHCT. 

N.  B.  Writtirn  drfginally  iJi  CJrecfc. 

J  Am  the  firft,  that  with  a<lvent'rous-hand, 

In  Grecian  ccUuis  draw  xhy  native  land  j 

Holi  th&faic  landfcape  to  the  ^Uic  view,   ' 

And  pglat  o»t  beauties  kiiown  to  none  but 

you. 
S«f  haugt^y  Isfita^  th^Ci  witjii  alum  ftored, 
liixcus  ftili  weeping  for  her  noble  lord  : 
K}it'^''t  deep  virfeii,  whkc  hiili,  tnd  fyl^an 

glcKjm  5 
Frechro'fi  hirgemt>unt,  immortal  Arthur's  nmb. 
And  HtiTiIejf,  fcowling  to  the  diftant  main, 
With  cloudy  htad,  involved  in  murky  rain. 
Skfhofif  beneath  the  jocund  mufes^  bowV, 
Sn^il«  00  her  bard,  and  ancicbt  humble  tow'r. 
Where  feeling  Trijjram  dwelt  in  days  of  yore, 
Where  joyfhl  'Parity  "made  tlte  tabic  roar. 
Behold  UpUatbam^  flopcd  with  gi-aceful  cafe, 
Hanging  enraptured  o*cr  the  winding  Tecsj 
Proud  provinces  extended  at  her  feet, 
And  crouded  feaSt  that  feem  on(^cndlefs  fleet; 
No  Cavage  beauties  here  with  awc  furprife, 
Sweet  hiart-felt  charms>  like   Lady  Chaj^ 

lotte*fl  eyc«. 
Mark  TuketSf  nurfc  and  cradle  of  the  lovea, 
Where  Venus  keeps  licr  children,  af.d   her 

doves. 
Tiirough  yon  tremisndous  afrh  llkt  heaven's 

v»S  bow, 
to,  like  Palmyra,  Gijbro'y  great  in  wo<». 
Thofc  towerins  rocks,  green  hills,  and  fpa- 

ctout  plains. 
Circled  with  woods,  are  Cbakncr^s  donr.rlr.s  ; 
A  genVous  race,  frcmCambro  Grifnn  triK<.-ii, 
Fani'd  for  fair  maids,   and  matrons  wile  and 

chaftc. 
Obfervc,  nor  let  thofc  ftattily  piles  below,- 
Nor  Turner* i  princely  realms,  unnoticed  go. 
FuTwcd,  like  Rome's  conful, 'with  rclu<i.int 

brow. 
To  leave  his  oxen,  cabbages,  and  plough  ; 
Uli  all  that  coaft,-antf*«fthat  wave-wafli'd 

feat, 
CoatbaWf   where    Cleveland    hymph^     and 

naiads  meet. 
Next  fifliy  JleJcar  ^Us^,  'Marjti  funny  lands, 
And  ran(U  beyond  P^Aold^*  goldefi  fandi  ; 


Till  tUlvy. Salthrnc,  cloath'd  with  fea-wee4 

fcireew; 
And  giant  Hunclif,  clofe  the  pleafmg  fcene*  . 

Xmitatxox  or  Catul];vs.  . 
Odz  v. 
•  .•<  y'n/amns,  pua  Lcjh'us,  atque  am^nm'^ 
T  ET  us,  fair  beauty,  live  and  love. 

And  all  the  fwects  of  Venus  prove; 
Nor  heed  thofc  rumours,  which  defame 
The  purcnefs  of  our  mutual  flame ! 
Bright  funs  may  fet,  and  rife  again  l 

When  once  our  wand'ring  light  is  fled  | 
We  feek  its  orient  courfe  in  vain  j 
In  night  Eternal  fleep  the^dcad ! 

Fair  beauty,  coldly  ceafc  to  meafufe 
Thy  virgin  love,  profufc  of  plcAlurcl 
Ah !  let  my  lips  in  many  a  kifs 
Imbibe  the  foft  ambrofial  blifv! 

Mingled  with  mine,  while  fondly  glow 
Thy  lips,  as  rofcs  blufliing  fweet ; 

So  klfs,  my  love!  that  none  may  know^' 
How  oft  our  lips  in  kiflcs  meet  I 

F.iE.  CD- 


SONNET. 

^^ILL  ever  thus  this  tide  of  paflion  roll  ? 

And  no  kind  interval  of  hope  arife 

To  calm  thefc  conflicts  of  the  troubled  foul  ? 

And  muft  I  ftill  bthold  th'  averted  eye* 

■!■■■■  ■        — ■  I  I  ■  ■■-  I.    ■■■■■  .        <» 

*  NOTES  AND  XFPZKXNCS,8. 

LoftuSf  the  teat  of  Sir  Thomas  Dun  DA  •,. 
late  r.  Moorc,  Efii-  , 

Ki/.'cn  C/u ,  James  Talliks,  Efq. 

F.  ^ehro,  the  pyramidical  mount  fccn  at  a 
dillance,  ru-.ipolcd  to  be  king  Arthur's  tomb. 

H^tUyj  a  great  promontory,  f  rjjadlng  into 
the  occiin,  Ucionging  to  Mr.  Jackson. 

^ItQn  CaftUf  the  leac  of  JoHK  Steveit- 
soN  Hall,  Elq.  the  author  of  this  pQcro| 
*•  CJv/v3y /W^5,"  and  ^*  l^bUs  fur  Qr^nni  Cta^ 

i'/>L't2U'jm,    fciit   Qf    TtfOMAS     DVK»AS> 

Efi. 

»     i-i-^tr*,  feat  ot  General  JoiiN  Hales.     . 

GiJbro\  a  iTirkettown,  once  a  £amoua 
priovy  belonging  to  Mr.  CuALOMsa,  whure- 
remains  a  very  :tupcndou5   Gothic  window, 

ICO  Jcct  \\\2\l. 

CixuL.iHy   Charles    Turner,   Ef^.    a 

ft .'h. nil  tovvn  ana  bs, thing  niacc. 

R>.M*ir,  ui.*v.),  ;:  tiihinii  town, 

M^rjky  dma,  ani  a  houfc  belonging  to  Sir 
Lavv^knce  Dvndas. 

<Si./ri./; ;r,  ditto,  belonging  to  John'  S. 
Hall,  £;"o. 

//.  ^.7^'^,  Mr.  Jackoon*s.  The  (jice  of 
tbf  rr.Mi;.r.3tofy  r:o  fcft  high. 

Kiri.'tut/  j»t,  the  fear  cfCrt ak  l  r.  %  fvt^  s* 
ER,  hi^.  lord  of  tile  piirtvely  iTcalms  ibote 
deftt'.Kvj.        *       '  .        .         ' 

Is.  B.  FefT.rr&Tn/f^ifi  alludes  to  the  Ret. 
LarPTcnce  Stcfne,  \\ho  ufed  fVequently  to 
6t  at'^:i:c;i  Cfilc,   (or  Cf^zy  Cdfih.) 

Jnylul  P.ir.ryi  Mf.  LAtCEtXE»,*a  tUr ; 
gymaM,  vli:t9.'     • 


OrtginaJ  Poetry. — ferutUi^ 


it6 

Of  eold  ^aab*  Kelentfcfsmaid!  No  moie 
My   bpfom  thriird  by    thy  imjixeffivf 
tongue 
lU  foftcn'd  tnitht  and  precepts  Ihall  adore : 

My  I'cul,  no  more,  in  tender  tranfptnrt  hnng 
The  gui  jancc  o.'  thy  gCiiClc  hand  (hall  feelc 
Thine  eyt^t  mute  l&ngua^e  1  ifmft  now 
torgct/ 
Tho*  pity  gliftcnt  on  thy  wetted  cheeky. 
Ao^  drops  of  tenderncfs  do  Hnger  yet* 
Where  wounded  and  Ibriakei^  he^ftt  recllac. 
And  foon  are  hcal'd— -b«t  ah  \  inflamed  more 
U  mine'.  I-  M.  CUTCH. 

TRANSLATION  FROM  MQSCHUS. 

•  WHEN  Zephyr  breathes  upon  the  aanre    .j.^  TRzENOvntKi  Arftt  ASTA»t»afc« 
'^  waves,  ^        « 

My  panting  heart  the  peaceful  ocean  hravesi 
Clowi  with  the  kcne,  tho(e  rolter  joy«  in- 


The  plne«  idTponfive  la  flcfttl  ihnxiBivs  fl^) 
What  weight  of  wo^'  you  irenMroio  \etl^ 

'  fufbibj  •* 

The  fea  their  bom^»  their  labintf*  ^fl^^iiif 

The  60t  thdr  fcant^  pMcwms  mcid  livpliti* 
Their  ihtp  pfofieaa  dwm  frato  th^wtesic 

Let  me  in  deep  bejuile  the  tedipya  Ijww^ 
Wher«  its  tfanfccn^ant  waves  t|ie  mntdin 

pours  \ 
The  obTequious  murmurs^    ^  the  current 

flowsy 
Soo^  the  tired  fwainF—his  languid  cyc-l»i| 

ciofc.  *    as, 5. 


hales, 

Propt  from*  the  almy  pinioos  of  the  gales. 
^ut  when  the  curling  billow  rears  its  form. 
And  (ilent  horror  broods  apon  the  ftorm, . 
I  turn  my  footftcps  to  yon  dutky  ^rove, 
Misfortune's  refuge,  the  retreat  of  love. 
There,  when  the  tempcft  clears,  the  lowe- 
ring &y, 


OF  BlAtlTV. 

A  SK  not  of  mc  th*  eflcntlal  form 
^  That  1iigh-ptiz*d  beauty  bear*  \ 
Ah  \  who  ihail  paint  the  magic  charm. 
That  every  breaft  enfnarc*? 

Search  for  t|i^  anfwer  in  your  heart. 
For  there  the  fecret's  found— 

Tis  your  own  tafte  that  points  the  dsrt. 
And  bide  our  bea««y  wo^ ! 


VARIETIES, 
Literary  and  Philosophical  j 

JaclmlUg  Notices  of  ff^prAj  in  HanJf  Dome/he  and  Ferti^. 
*,^*-^tbtntk  (immimkgtioni  fir  this  ArfkU  tmll  akaays\e  thankfuMy  recfivii. 

MR.  NoRTHMORE,  of  Cleve,  near    cording  to  the  lateft  improyementSi 
Exeter,  is  engaged  in  writing"  A 
jV^ou  Sjftem  (£  EducatioKy  founded  upon 
Principles,^*    It  is  ex^efted  to  be  ready 


It 

for  the  prefs  about  May  or  June  next.  - 
Dr.  Harrikgton  has  in  the  pvefs, 
*'A  Letter  to  Mr.  Cavendish,*'  con- 
taining feme  pointed  animadvcrlions,with 
ftrifturcs  upon  the  chemical  papers  in 
the  laft  irolume  o(  *'  ^The  Fhllofcpkicai 
ffranpiffiom-/'  alfo,  upbn  thehft  French 
chemical  puBlications. 

Mr.StLVESTER  Harding  h^s  under* 
taken  to  publiih  at  leaft  one  hundred 
j)ortraits,  for  the  illuftration  of  "  The 
Account  of  Royaf  and  Noble  Aafbors,** 
His  defign  is,  to  complete  the  feries  of 
engravings  which  are  to  illoftrate  alJ  tlie 
other  parts  of  MeflTrs.  RoBiNSON*s 
edition  of  the  Earl  of  Orford*s  Works. 
Mr.  Hardiwo's  work  is  to  be- completed 
in  2$  numbers,  royal  quarto  j  eacfc  num- 
ber to  contain  four  portraits  of  royal  or 
noble  authors. 

A  volume  of  poems  byMr.  Fawcbtt, 
wUl  noake  its  jj.p^^ance  early  in  the 
month.  "  Tife  Art  nfWar"^  will  iw  in- 
troduced, with  coniiderajbie  ahcra«ion«, 
imder  the  title  of  <<  CkfoiJ^cMWar*^'  to- 
gcthcr  with  "  the  Art  i^  Poetry i'  ac- 


additions. 

The  T" bird  Differtation  on  Fever,  by 
Dr.  Ford  re  K,  will  alfo  be  ready  for 
delivery  in  the  courfe  of  April ;  as  wfll  i 
new  edition  of"  Dr."GREGOOT's  tE.^: 
mmy  of  Natjtre,'"'  enlarged  and  improved. 
The  lovers  of  the  arts  as  applictl  t« 
fubjefts  of  natural  hiftory,  will  alio  be 
gratified  by  the  sth'volume  of  that  bcs-j- 
tiful  work,."  Lewis's  Birds.** 

MORISON,  who,  as  printer  to  the  unl- 
verfity  of  St.  Andrew,  has  publilbtd 
handfome  and  corrcft  editions  of  •*  ^^- 
Ittjr  and  *«  Horace,^^  with  the  notes 
and  emendations  of  Profcflfbr  John 
Hunter; — is  about  to  add  to  them, 
an  edition  of  "  f^irgUy^'  in  the  fame  ftyi: 
of  tvpographica!  t-xecution,  and  enriched 
v^itn  the  notes  and  emendations  of  tk 
fame  learned  editor. 

lA  the  courfe  of  the  prefcnt  month  wi'l 
be  publifhed,  in  London,  ;i  valuable 
elementary  trcatife  upon  Matbentetud 
Antdyfis ;  the  Work  of  the  leamcd  PfCfeiibr 
Vila  NT,  of  the  univcrfity  of  St.  An- 
drew. 

Wc  undcrftahd  fcveral  gentlemen  ai^i 
at  thw  tim€|>employtd  ln;pratuiifig  3«c. 


Jntirtfting  botanical  Jnformatign* 


»i 


i^otesof dlftlD^flied  perfons,  who  are 
now  JiTiBg  $  the  firift  volume  wilhbe  pre- 
iented  to  the  public  in  tlu;  courie  of  the 
cniimigitiituiaQf  The  characters  are  to 
t>e  di-awn  with  a  due  leaning  to  the  Hbe" 
n\  ^Aai  gadr  to  be  entirely  devotd  of  ca- 
Iwsmy  M  weft  as  qf  cvcrjr  re&clioa 
which  niay  hurt  the  feelings  of  the  par- 
ties fpoken  tA\  The  fjHt  voluifte  will 
have  for  its  title  ♦«  PubHc  cbara^trs  ff 
1798  j"'  and  it  is  intended  to  pnblifh  a 
fimilar  volume,  under  the  fame  title,  about 
the  fame  period  of  every  fuccccding  year. 
.  Mr.  Perkins,  of  Leicefter-fquaie,  has 
taken  out  a  Patent  for  a  difcovcry 
pf  the  h^Mot'.t  of  the  Metallic  Traitors  on 
thehunun  body;  made  by  Dr.  Perkins, 
of  Conneaicut.—Tne  relief  which  thefe 
traitors  have  given,  in  many  obftinatc 
topical  pains,  aind  inflammatory  afFe6lions 
incident  to  the  human  body,  is  generally 
imputed  to  tUeii*  influence  on  the  animal 
iUdrictp,  An  analyfis  of  the  fpecifica- 
tion  will  appear  vender  its  proper  head 
in  our  next  Magazine. 

French. 
The  following  very  laudable  attwpjt 
to  naturalize  certain  exotics  in  France^ 
cannot  £iil  to  excite  curiofity.  Some- 
thing of  the  fame  kind  has  been  attempted 
by  mdividuals  among  ourfelves,  on  a 
fmaller  fcife.  There,  the  effort  is  now 
rosde  by  public  bodie^  and  the  conle- 
quences  are  far  more  propitious  than 
could  have  been  expected. — Were  it  pof- 
fiblc  to  realize  the  philanthropic  projeft 
here  projcfted,  negro  flavery  would  be 
at  an  end  i  the  cane-plant  and  the  coffec- 
trce  would  becbnjc  indigenous  to  Eu- 
rope ;  thefe  proda6lions  of  our  fouthem 
c\iraatc8,  would  be  gathered  in  by  the 
ha.ids  of  fturdy  freemen,  lyid  no  longer^ 
as  at  prefent,  be  moiftenid  by  the  blood 
and  the  tears  of  the  opprefl'ed  Atricansl 
The  in  tor  mat  ion  which  we  prefent  to 
the  public,  is  extrafted  from  "  An  BJfay 
to  wards  the  NafuraJizafioa  of  certain  Ft-  ' 
getabU's  ia  Fran  '^,"  by  the  Citizen  Ber- 
MOSD,  who-wxs  inftruftcfd  by  the  Mu- 
fcuia  oi  Natural  Hiftory  and  the  Conw 
JuUlion  ot*  Agriculture,  to  endeavour  to 
naturalize  the  vcgetablc.s  hereafter  men- 
tioned, in  liis  department  of  tlie  Mari- 
time Alps. 

The  vegetables  confided  to  the  ^epartr 
ment  of  the  Maritime  Alps,  aie  ; 

I.  The  indigo  of  Java— Pondicbeiry 
•^•Agra— the  Itte  ot  France— and  the 
Ant  tiles. 

n.  The  cotton-bearing  plant — ^herba* 
^eou.*<X  Malta— wild  {a  caton  fimve)  of 
Siam>  Informofatrce—twiftcd  of  Cay- 
enne. "» 


A  young   plant   in  good  heajth,  of  " 
each  of  the-  above,  and  a'  p^  of  e»cV 
of  the  vegetables,  which  bear  the  fal- 
lowing names,  have  been  alfo  fent  to  i\\c 
Citizen  Bermond. 

I.  (micrbe  (tEcoffe,)  Scotch-grafe ^^^ 
a  new  fpecies  of  andropogon^  and  one  €it 
the  family  of  grafles,  is  cultivated  at 
St,  Domiogo  *,<as  a  moft  exfidlmt  fodder 
for  honied  cattle. 

a.  (L'Herhe  de  Gmjut)  f  Guinea- 
grafs;  famcum  aUtJUmum.  M.  P.  Ano» 
ther  vivacious  grafs,  that  grows,  in  the 
fahds,.on  >the  bordcw  of  the  fe?,  and 
which  alfo  ptxxluces  a  moft  excelluic  fod« 
der.  The  Bnglifli  of  the^0.'t//^j>  m4m 
are  perfe6lly  acquainted  with  the  merit 
of  this  plant  in  waite  lands,  and  for'^far- 
tening  tkufir  cattle,  temi  it  GuitUe-gmfs^ 
(Guinea-grafs.) 

3.  (Le  Laurier  ds  Madere,)  The  lan- 
rel  of  Madeira  5  Laurus  Madtricnjis.  L, 
A  gi-and  and""  charming  tree  from  the 
Canaiy  lAands  5  the  feeds  of  which  mnere 
(eat  to  the  mufeum  by  the  botanies  who 
accompanied  Capt.D*£NTRjiCAST£AUX: 
iu  fruit  is  very  aromatic,  and  conuint 
much  efl*ential  oil,  highly  perfiimed. 

4.  (Le  Cbou  Carmbe  'uulet.)  The  violet 
cabbage-tree  of  the  Caribbee  Illandsj 
Arum  fagitti-foHum,  L,  A  vivacious 
plant,  with  a  tuberous  root,  and  a  very 
large  volume.  Itcoa£aiiis  much  nutri- 
tion, grows  on  banks  bordering  oa  warcr« 
and  produces  a  healthy  and  abiindant 
aliment, 

5.  (Le  Thede  Saint  Domingue.)  The 
tea  plant  of  St.  Domingo;  Capraria  bi- 
fiora.  £.  This  Is  an  evergreen  ihnib, 
the  leaves  of  which  are  employed  by  the 
inhabitants  of  the  Antilles,  for  the  fame 
pui^ofc  as  the  tea  of  China  and  Japan, 
It  would  be  curious  enough,  were  vre, 
fome  day  hereafter,  to  traniport  this  fpe- 
cies  of  tea  to  China,  and  it  to  obtain  a 
preference  there  over  the  native  tea  of 
the  country  3  this  is  not  impoflible.        * 

6.  (VAcade  de  la  gomme  Arabuiuf.) 
The  gum-arablck-bcaring  acacia  j  Af*- 
mo/a  Nilotica,  Z,  Although  it  be  very 
probable,  that  the  gum  proditced  by.  oiit 
common  ftone-fruit  trees,  purif.ad  to  the 
fame  degree,  would  form  a  good  iuhfti-' 
tute  to  tlut  which  comes  from  Arabia, 

*  And  alfo  in  Jamaica,'  where  it  is  prin- 
dpally  ufed  by  horfes.     Tran/. 

t  So  callcJ,  as  having  come  origlnaHy 
from  the  coift  of  Guinea.  It  is  yery  com- 
mon in  Jamaica,  and  has  of  late  be  fh  ?iitro- 
duced  intooor  C^tements  in  the  Eaft-Indiei, 
where  it  thnvisi  wondetfbHy,  tfii  ha^  beer. 
produftiv«  of  the  %Tt*tfttt  «dvaacages.  Tranf. 

it 


112 


Jntereflins  BMni^iB^^m^^^ 


it  is  uiefut  to  klX)^▼^  whetlicr  the  tree 

iphich  produces  the  latter, would  luit  the 
climate  ot  Europe.  Should  this  he  sutUr 
raliwd.here,  tl>cre  Isjiq  jedibn  to  doubts 
fcur  that  all  vegetables  whatever  rmy  livo 
nronr  climate  i  as  that,  of  which  it  is  a 
■ativc,  is  the  hottcft  in  the  globe..  The 
land-plains  of  Stmcgal  are  its  native 
country. 

7.  (Le  GonnT'tcr,)  The  gtaava^  Pyo^ 
dum  Goyava^  a  fruit-tree  ot  the  AntiUc.>; 
the  produclions  of  which  form  a  moil 
excellent  fwctt-rncat.  It  is  not  to  be 
Aumted,  but  that  this  tree  will  thrive  iu 
rile  plains  of  Nice,  as  it  Ixas  fucceeded  at 
Lavalctte,  in  Provence  ;  whrre  it  has 
Ikcn  fo  produflive,  that  fcvcral  vigorous 
young  plants  have  been  icared  iro.n  the 
k'e(1.  .     , 

8.  (Le  Ciritr  iVAmtrinn.)  The  wax- 
bearing  tree  of  Am'-rica  i  M)ri-:a  tcrjjl- 
^mnicaf  M,  P.  A  Ihrub,  i  le  feed;*  of 
which  are  enyelopai  In  a  matter,  out  of 
which  tapers  are  made.  1  iu  fe  j^ive 
much  light,  and  affoi  .i  a  bali^.mic  odour, 
¥er^'  fciviccablc  [\\  pulraor.ary  ccni- 
pbmts  •.  .  Our  candles,  on  the  coiitrary, 
are  highly  peruiciousj  even  to  clw 
iirongeii  lungs. 

^  (Le  Ceiire  du  Lthan,)  The  ctdar  of 
XcbaBon  j  Pinui  Ccdr-^s,  The  tallcft  and 
laigeft  tr«e  of  the  temperate  climates. 
This  tree  ought  to  be  planted  on.  a  h'gii 
mountain,  with  a  northerly  expofitiou  i 
kswoacl  is  tire  leaft  C^vrupt'ble  \ii  7.r\y 
w|  are  acquainted  with.  The  progrH- 
ixm  of  its.  growtli,  in  a  climate-  wanner 
than  our  own,  would  be  an  intcrefiing 
acquiiition  to  natural  hiliory. 

19.  (LeBanuuur.)  The  banana  \Mufa 
Farailifiaca.  L,  A  giand  herbacetni* 
»hi2t>  that  produces  a  bunch  of  jruit, 
Jbmetimcs  weighing  Solb.  It  is  uferl  as 
a  i\}od  in  America  }  and  i$  favory,  nou* 
iKhing,  and  healtky.  By  planting  it 
■ear  a  brook.,  and  (heltcring  it  from  the 
prind.;,  it  is  probable  that  it  will  grow 
and  multiply. exceedingly  f . 
^  11.  (Le  Canne  a  fucre.)  The  fugar- 
canc  \  faccharum  qffkinarum  L.  A  gra*- 
nincous  plant,  which  has  occaiioned 
the  death  of  more  meo.th^  exifts,  per- 
kap«y  at  this,  prefent  moment  OD  the  face 
of  the  globe  j  as  much  by  the  devouring 
ivldity  of  riches,  Infpired  iato  the  bre^As 
of  EiiTopeans,  as  by.  the  hwrrihle  de- 
va^atron  of  Africa,  whither  tboufaiMk 

*  Trfi  frcfre  J  rAatUr  let  pcUrina  Jehhrecs. 
Jyitiri.  'ium')ttjirvj  au  i'Of..'rj',rrf  ditrult  Its  Jol' 
trlati  lit  mieux  crnjuttttfi.'-  On>. 

\  J.  fci-w  «  -banaifai  ••  bwrinc  fritlt,  abou,t 
thrt^e  ie.il ».tinacy  uiKar^s  ^afrocn^.     Tr. 


of  men,  whp  ti^c  j^^9K»f  .rc^SKf  (m- 

jinaUy,,ro  carry  away  .its  ifipuj^fn  ijMci 
climates,  equally  faral  to  (laves  ^yitli.-ir 
proprietors,  I'bi^i  too  faaio^^^l^^  ii 
al.jady  cultivated  in  tlwj  iilcsri^fi^l^  .Ar*. 
chlixljgo,  in  Sicily,  and  ,tjie  feipgjlQfn <»t 
V.ijenci.i,  ia  Spain,  \V4e*elbi^i>itf\ct 
p.lfj  cult-vated  in  the  dan^i<^i^  of.iW 
Maritime  Alps  }  TV^e  it  MPipwkl,  vi**«Ay» 
iiiilead  oj  deltioying.  .     ^ 

11.  (  Uii  yun-'  pt.d  Jj  io^i),,  A,.yq^fii§ 
(Icm  of  the  coftce-trce  \  c^ea  Ar^^ica.l^ 
What  ha^  been  llild  of  the  fvig^f-C3r<^, 
m:iy  be  faid  alto  cf  the  cottVe-trc^,  TJKii 
c;:.'fis  mere  piuhablllLy,  h'>y^W4:iV  in,  »,h 
Vv.i;;  of  tlie  n  .tiu:iH/^w>nof  ^,jban.V^  t«*Q 
foi  \v.  r.  All  that  rocily  <.ownVy>  ii»>l^iiJi  a 
M  u.'co  is  fituaivJ,  ap-^-:i>  cxcct^ii*'!.!* 
j^iOjC:'  lor  iti  culti'.:..*;..;;,  ^nU  ^u»:«j»» 
aL'a,  f^r  i^ivir.g  ts>  it>  bciii>«».  a  ,%»»ai»»y 
ai>>roac!iin^  that  of  the  moclia,  %v4)f«;h  i^ 
vtiy  dlff-rent  fjuuiwij^it  i^  jii-tdi:cv,d  on 
the'hii's  ofth'j  Aiililici. 

PrOj^ic!.  of  thr  ah.>vc  pUnts,  duringa 
fiiort  iefirljiiCc  In  ilic  Ucpaj;tjanrut,of  tiic 
MaririM-c  ^Vlpi*. 

.  T.'u  c  "^iz'.n  tiif-.yfted  with  the conrjy- 
artcj  {it  ifc  l\Ju:.:Uz,.)  4i;d  c'u^^w  W 
rh.;*j  ^).cc:ou>  Vcgeta!)Iei.,  ,^&  jiivi|tdit)c 
icniVitutcd  authuriiies,  ajui  iholc  con- 
verfrjit  in  luch  lubjcj^is,  loi-'xaipisp  their 
pit'for.t  (!atc.  It  relults  front  (his  ea^auil- 
r.at"(.n,  tlut  the' iugar- cane,  u4iich,  on 
Jtv  v':  ,Mrturc  fi'jin  Paiis,  on  ti»e  ..^Qthvi 
Frnirhl^  was  one  feet,  five  inches  .:a 
height,  in  tlie  firft  eictadc  of  Vcnciori^I.c, 
had  attained  (ivj  fwtt  Jtvert  ii><;hes,  and 
Taot  forth  t hi riy- three  Auckers,  ol  whica 
three  have  been  replanted. 

Th-c  crtfec-tree,  .it  its  dcpaiture,  wii 
aVIblvtely  flripp^d  of  its  jeavc^  j  liic  ve- 
getation is  now  abundant,  fikutl.  it  Ui 
puflK.l  forth  fmaii  branchtb. 

The  cedars  ar^-ccvtrwd  wi:h  xiet?  buds- 

Four  diffv:rcr»t  fpcc;i;»  ^f  cottoo  v^'^re 
Town  on  the  Sth  l'Ltruii%litryv\]t^    - 

1 .  That  of  St,  Dumingo :  it  is  je  ia- 
chvs  in  height.  > 

2.  That  of  Siain:  It  i6.;2S  do, 

3.  That  of  Poiidichtrry  t  ^t  i^igtdp. 

4.  That  of  Malta^:   it  is  12  do.;.  . 
On  the  fame  d;iy  weie  fowq,  f<iur>ii»^ci  • 

ent  fptc,ip  of  indigo,  via.  -   1  ' 

1.  Tl:e  indigo  oi'Java^  it^/Siiin- 
ches  iii, height.  ,i.    .1  .  .<.  iut;.    ' 

2.  That    of  Po^dichei:<y :  .jt   is,  %-* 

^^••,-      ,      •.  .,   •  •--     .-.  r    .--• 

3 1  That  oi  Agra :  iti&  ^^o^m.  .- .  -  - 
4,  That  ofthe  lile  qf  F.iiujQt^.M'bkb- 
hashotrlien,  — ■       -   . 

Tlicdiffe'.-cnt  tca^ate.tilHiiU^c^5tc  ^ 

pfTegctatron.  -^^^    \^tu\X^f'I^:j.^^ 


SubJHmes  for  Oak  Bark-^Dvtch  Literature. 


aij 


Tte  SatA'i-'gritlis,  whi<ih  had  only  two 
fina^l  tift^nil'ilioou,  has  now  upw^s  of 

ThcGaiftea-grafs  has  four  fuckers  ^ 
It,  at  this' moment,  fills  four  large  vales, 
3od  is  about  to  feed. 

TbcCarihbfc- cabbage  was  deftitute  of 
leaves  J  ft  i«  now  covered  Avith  them,  and 
it  vera!  ane  fifteen  inches. 

The  Guava,  Banana,  the  Manioc  (^caf- 
foMy  are  in  ftill  vegetation. 

The  Noj>al  has  leaves  of  20  inches.  In 
&oit,  with  the  exception  of  the  indigo 
of  the  iile  of  Prance,  which  ha*  not 
fpning,  no  individiial  has  perifhed,  and 
they  are  all  m  a  thriving  way.  It  ought 
to  beaddtd,  alfo,  that  th«  feeds  were  not 
Town  in  the  proper  feafon. 

The  hopes  entertained- from  tJiIs  eftab- 
iiftment,  begin  to  aflume  the  charadlef  of 
ceitaiaty,  when  we  recollet^,  that  the 
fugar-cane*  grows  at  Montpeilier  to  its 
natural  height ;  that  is  to  fay,  to  eight 
feet,  and  that  it  arrives  at  maturity.  The 
citiiea  OotJAN,  profetfor  of  botany  in 
that  diilinguiftied  fchool,  has  fovvn  In- 
digo there,  which,  after  fpkririging  veiy 
kirriiy,  has  fiowci-ed  and  ripened-  Dif- 
ferent individtials,  after  his  example, 
have  fown  various  forts  of  cotton,  even 
that  of  SiarQ,  in  wafte,  arid,  '3ii\^  ftony 
hind,  and  have  had  a  hrirvell  of  chruming 
pods  in  return.  Profelfor  Gouan  has 
cauiifd  ftockings  to  be  madu  from  his  lalt 
harvcft, 

GERMAN. 

The  difikulty  of  procurinp  a  fufficlent 
quantity  of  oak-baik,  for  the  purpcies 
of  tanning,  in  the  cleftorate  of  Hano- 
ver, has  'long  been  a  fubie6l  of  ierious 
complaint,  and  feveral  applications  hai'c 
been  made  tothe  government,  to  prohibit 
the  exportation  of  this  neceffaiy  article, 
Thii  cir^ihil'ance  attrafting  the  notice 
oftheaulic  coonfellor,  Wekrs,  he  was 
induced  to  make  a  feries  of  ex|:>friments, 
toaftertain  the  poffibiltyof  pi*ocnring  a 
iubftkute  for  oak-bark,  from  various  in- 
digenous trees.  Hi  thcieufeful  rcfearches 
he  has  been  greatly  afTiiied  by  Mr. 
FoEHLMAfJ,  an  ingenious  taimer,  who 
has  lately  ^ft^blifhed  a  very  excenfive  tan- 
nery at  Linden,  in  the  vicinity  of  Hano- 
ver; in  which  he  has  ifitroduced  confi- 
derable  improvements,  that  are  hot  to  be 
met  with  in  a^  other  tan -yard  in  the 
t  ie«5lorate»  They  commenced  their  ioiht 
experimeiitfy  upon  the  Sumach  (rhut  ce^ 
riartM)  ,widi?#lli^h-thti  country  at)  ouhd%  : 

*  The  fu^ar>(;pne  is  faid  toliav^  b^t^O  qrlr 
glnal!^  carried  from  Sicily  to  Spain,  aad  t>oi4 
BfaiotptheWeft-Iodict.  -. 


Thfe  refult  has  exceeded  their  inoft  faa- 
guinc  cxpe^lations.  The  tanners  and 
cordwaincrs  have  found,  tfcat  calf-ikin, 
prepared  in  this  manner,  Equals  the  bcft 
Englifh  leather  5  and  are  eager  to  pur- 
chale  it  at  two  florins  per  pound  weighty 
vrheiea«,  foitncrly,  the  belt  home-manu- 
faftured  leather  would  not  fetch  nx)r» 
than  one  florin  per  pound.  It  is  in  great 
requeft  for  fhoes  and  boots  :  and  MoNs^ 
FoEHLMAN  is  profecutiug  his  experi- 
ments on  various  other  kinds  of  trees  and 
plants,  undtfr  the  direction  of  M. 
We  Has.  This  is  not  the  only  dlfcovery 
for  which  the  arts  are  indebted  to  the  latter 
gentleman.  The  hats,  manufa£lurcd  froia 
vegetable  fubltanccs,  which  aie  worn  at 
Lunenburg,  and  which  are  remarkable 
for  durability  and  lighniefs,  are  his  in- 
vent :on.  At  prefect,  he  is  dlligenilv 
occupied  in  the  improvement  of  the  ma- 
nufadure  of  paper. 

"  Le  Nor  J,  Utter  aire,  Pfy/qtte^  Po^ 
iitique  (^  Moraly*^  publiflied  at  Kiel  by 
protcllor  Olivarius',  continues  to  be 
conduiSled  with  the  degree  of  fpirit  which 
might  have  been  expe^ed  from  Its  able 
editor.  I'he  third  Number  has  juft  aiv 
rived  in  London. 

Dutch. 

The  con-vnllive  crif.s  of  the  revolution 
has  not  checked  the  progrefs  of  litera- 
ture in  the  Batavian  republic.  L.  Va» 
Santen  has  recently  jriiblifhed  a  ncvr 
ajid  elegant  edition  of  <«  TcrentL^iis 
Mounts  X  two  volumes  of  a  new  edition 
of  «  Phtiarchy'^  have  lately  appear  d, 
edited  by  D.  Wyttenbach.  Tike 
ieai-ned  orientalilt,  Ruhnkenius,  is  en- 
gaged'In  bringing  out  "  SchdLr's  Die- 
tictt^y,'"  adapted  to  the  ufe  of  the  Bata- 
vian fchools  J  and  the  julMy  celebrated  de 
Bosctr,  is  occupied  upon  the  *<  Anihc^ 
hgia  Gro'ca,  With  r'ne  tnmflation  by  Grc- 
tius,  i;i  Latin  verfe.  The  learned  editor 
is  not  in  ^oflsOion  of  the  Greek  text, 
with  the  manufcript  corrections  of  Gvo- 
tius,  the  exiftence  of  which,  it  feems,  is 
doubtful;  but  he  has  avifileJ  himfcifof 
many  new,  and  hitherto  unpublifhed,  re- 
fources  for  perfefting  this  valuable  work. 
Spanish. 
Notwlthftindin^th^v%n-etched  ftate  in- 
to which  Spain  has  been  thrown  by  the 
prel^tWar,  Hteratune,  in  that  country, 
i}^cfm  to  be  making  fome  progrefs.  The 
following  Spaniih^blttations  have  been 
lately  announced  in  the  Madrid.  Gazette^ 
from  which  the  following '  very  -  curiou* 
notices  ai-e  tranflated  alraoft;  literally. 

•*  pbfirvatiims  -df  wt  yiagero  P^itic9 

el  FilofophicQy':  ^,    Obfcrvations  •f  % 

.^   .  '.     -Political 


9 14       Staii  of  Spawjh  Literatun^  fhm  the  JUUnS  G^/ieiu. 


PoUtical  and  Fliilefbphjpa^'  TraTtllcr. 
This  tfork  contains  an  account  of  the 
progrefs  of  the  aits  and  the  fdcnccs  j  dif- 
covtcies  in  the  three  kin^oros;  of  nature, 
ttiagesy  and  cuftoms  ok  various  nationsy 
Itc. 

,"  CoBedoff  iff  Atarres  latmof/*  &c.  or, 
A  Colle€lion  of  Latin  Authors,  -3  vol. 
by  the  P.P.  DB  LAS  CSCVKLAS  PlAS, 
illuftrated  with  notes,  geographical  re- 
marks, and  pafTaees  rcrpe^isg*  ancient 
Bunnell,  extra5^cd  irom  the  Roman  hif- 
torians. 

*<  Adriifm  en  Stria.  Adr'an  m  Syria. 
A  comedy  in  three  afts,  hy  D.  GaspeH 
Zavala  y  Zamora. 
■  "  PoeJSas  dt  Gcnxabs  del  Orden  de  S, 
JsiS^in.  Poemft,  by  Oonzales,  of 
theordcrof  St.  Augtiltine,  i  vol.  8vt).' 

«  CoOectM  de  Poetas  CafteUanos,^*  &c. 
A  CoUeftion  of  the  Spanifh  Poets,  by 
D.  Ramon  Fernandez,  vols.  iS  and 
19,  The  former  contains  the  unpTib- 
lilhed  poems  of  Francisco  de  Rio.ta 
D.  Juan  de  Arguijo,  Balthasar 
9£  Alcazar,  with  the  poetic  fragments 
on  painting,  by  Pablo  de  Cespedhs. 
The  latter  contains  a  tranflation  o{  the 
hcroiccpi  •  les  of  Ovid,  byMsxiA.   • 

<«  El  Ftagero  Untverfal  0  Noticia  del 
Mundo  Jnitguo  y  Nue*voi*  Scc»  The 
tJnirerfal  Travefier }  Or  Account  of  the 
World,  Ancient  and  Modern  j  compiled 
fi-ora  the  beft  authors,  by  D.  Pedro 
ESTala,  No.  4.T,  which  contains  a  con- 
tinuation of  the  account  of  Lima,  and 
other  province  J  of  Peru.  • 
'  «»•  The  UniverfiJ  y^yrt^eri  or  De- 
firipiion  (f  the  A/uient  and  Ne-rv  fforid.^* 
A  work  re- compiled  from  the  beft 
voyagers,  by  l>on  Pedro  Eihila,  Pref- 
byter  s  the  36th  bock,  which  contains 
the  voyage  fi*om  Carthagena  to  Porto- 
Bello,  Panama, Tmd  Guayaquil,  with  an 
account  of  every  thing  remarkable  in 
thofe  countries )  with  this  book  con- 
cludes the  I  ith  vol. 

<*  The  World  turned  Vpwardr^  or, 
Couitter-Tmtbsy  defected  to  MonkhrdJ** 
In  this  work,  (which  i«;  an  ihterefting 
and  delicate  fa? ire  on  the  prefent  cuf- 
toms)  every  clafs,  an»l  ftate,  and  condi- 
tion, that  forms  focfety,  t^  noticed — and 
reprefeiiting  men  as  they  are  not,  it  in- 
dicates them  as  they  orght  to  he.  It  con- 
tsifts  free  flh'tclufes  upon  ft  tiff  wuaffrs, 
9T  Coxcomb*— or  mcmorandcnw  to  be 
vfrd  for  the  hiftory  of  fafliion  and  polita 
company;  in  which  are  feri<su6  reflections 
on  the  luxury,  the  fa^ons  and  cuf^ovhs; 
pf  the  prefent  day.  It  al£>  iticludt^  Va- 
ritns  tales*  aad  iscral  and  eotertaifting 
|iiftoriea  |  plcaiaitt  and  faiirical  portraits 


(or  jofAitfes)  of  c«Hre<MM  -,  ^tM  iMi 
affecting  to  he  ort^naU  |  ofdifUftls  an^ 
afTeoVa^cn  j  and  ^  the  toss  of  Mg^il^. 

<«  Pearmk  ^omr/h^^'  dediccMlto  the 
S|>aniards,  by  a  lofcr  of  iluit  %i*iQ0y 
difpofed  tit  the  form  of  diaiotttii  con^ 
prchendhig  the  mofl  cdebratal  fegte,  the 
moft  honoimhle  focceffes^  fhe'  ttwfl  U^ 
mous  wars ,  -  the  moft  r^Mnwftt  viiflonBi 
gained  by  t}ie  Spamards^-ml  %br  eolo- 
gium  of  our  warriors,  coMqq^iwt  im  tk 
inoft  bloody  battles,  fre. 

**  Myceiktftf^^  minticnTv,  cvmNw^  lu 
agreeable^-or,  Anttal»of  Litcncore,  Sci- 
ences, and  Art»— No.  XI*  «ad  XIK  with 
which  the  4th  vol.  is  completed  %  toMpre^ 
bending  the  foUowingfubfeftss  cttfliina- 
tion  of  a  paffage  in  Pltttarch;  on  the 
death  of  Statira,  wiieof  Dariatf  iiiro- 
du5Hon  to  the  courft  of  iftyokigy  in  the 
mufeum  of  Paris  |  premiums  ^  rift  fo^ 
ciety  of  the  Hawannah  \  ot4Limii—s  od 
wounds  of  the  head,  icA  o»  a  «aduae 
to  grind  chocolate  I  traafaftiMH  of 
the  royal  acadenfiy  of  Ireland ;  of  an 
illnefs  pecoliar  to  chiUren,  and  hut  lii^ 
tie  known ;  an  aeccount  of  the  lalwors 
of  the  national  infHtnte  of  WtwmMf  fioce 
its  foundation  unril  tiK  year  1796; 
letters  of  Sotts-eopo,  on  thie  wovkt  in 
painting  and  fculpture  ex^o6d  in  the 
faloon  of  the  muinnn  of  Pariii  new 
method  of  tanning  hides^  in  left  dun  a 
month ;  an  account  of  the  plantarian  «f 
fpice-trees,  by  the  French  in  their  Ame- 
rican colonies ;  iuflniAion  on  theTaricui 
kinds  of  Jefu!t*s  baik,  and  tiK^difirmt 
uie  which  ought  be  nude  of  ir,aec6Hie^ 
to  the  complaints,  by  Dr*  MxiTis,  pbyil- 
cian  in  America;  WHiTS^e Toyagf to 
Botany  Bay^  MASCAOKt*s  letttrs  on 
the  fympathetic  fyftem ;  Ma  aftfomriL's 
difcourie  on  critic ifm ;  maxiiM  of  the 
king  of  Poland  ;  defcripcion  of  the  hoeie 
of  correAion  of  Amflfrdam»  bf  citifen 
Thoutk  \  treatift  on  filk|  a  ncwdi/OK 
very  of  curing  the  fbrt-tlaoat  with  W- 
mifcle,  by  Charles  WHrrc^  Eagtiih 
furpeon ;  account  of  the  pitlcai  ftace  of 
literature  in  Mikn ;  pu<rij  j  ioanp 
books,  &c. 

«  Originediofthe  Spema^  P^or^''  hf 
DoA  LtTf  s  Jossvn  Vblm^EX,  che- 
valier of  the  order  of  8fc^  }mtm^'  «f  eb 
I  oval  academiet  of.  hitoj  Miijaiiwi 
and  be.lles  lertres  of  Paris,  1  vok  e^  wi 
edition,  improved  with  iSL'ftMkk  can 
\ft  its  typnj^inpllyt  'Wm  JiWii  aiii*. 
which  may  fNMfii-€M»4ar«f4||iMd  e^its 
kttRt,  6ur  AifhdrllMii  fhe  Mlfttfea 
who  has  h-ewed  on  thielitj^O. a^tntary 
hiftory^is  divided  ia|;f  Mr  farts.   It 


Spamjk  UttuHurij  ufudfrvn  the  iMrli  GazifU.        *  215 


cbeM  he  cjwmnct  tke  true  fcurces 
|r«s  litem.  I  the  Spaaiib  poctqr  is  de- 
dvcdy  vis*  the  poetry  o£  the  primitive 
^aaitt^s,  the  Latin,  the  Arabic*  the 
jProv»9al  cr  Limourm,  the  Galiician,  the 
P<xtugiadiey  and  the  Biicayaa.  Id  the 
iccoiii^  tiie  wiaciplccy  pro|[rri»»  aod 
agft  o#the  Cdttilian  poctiy  aredeicribed. 
ia  the  thicdy  he  <3Lamij)es  every  thii^ 
relating  to  the  origta  ot*  that  poetry,  in 
i(«  ft^cral  particular  hnnchesj  and  in 
the  fourth,  be  treats  of  other  mattera  a^)- 
pcrtaiAing  to  Ihe  Caftiiiaa  poetry  |  fuch 
as  the  coiled  ions  ^onoesd  of  our  poeta»  the 
conoMBCs  and.aotea  with  which  their 
wot'k»haw  hotna  iUuibralcd,  the  Spanlih 
CranAatioRs  from  varioM  £brdfu  poets> 
^d  the  authors  who.hav«  written  in  Spa- 
aiih  on  the  fabje^i  of  poetry. 

«  Sfl^a  Ptems  9/  LoF«  os  Vega 
Carfio.*'  The  name  alone  fufficc*  to 
eniwe  theeftimation  of  tlua  work  which  is 
composed  c4  hi*  bcft  piec4(«,  iUe^led  i'rom 
aiti(«|;  ihofe  works  which  he  pubiiihed 
both  in  his  o^n  nanie>  and  that  of  ti)c 
lictfQciatfr  TOMJi  0S  BuRCiLLo:v  pre- 
iictd.  by  a  concile  account  of  the  lite  of 
the  poety  and  a  dtfcourk*  on  Jyric  poetry, 
or  the  ancient  and  modem  ode^  taken  hem 
the  writings  0^'  MacmooDcfl ;  with  Haaae 

"  tbt  DifctrmmfiU  9f  Gtmms  for  the 
Artf  aad  Stiemes.**  In  this  work,  ia 
vlcfttl  to  Uterai-y  men,  and  foimaerly 
CraAcd  upon  by  the  celebrated  JohoHiiarCe, 
burwheRiii  he  hwi  iUted  erponcous  opi- 
aions,  that  rendered  it  infiproper  iot  ge- 
neral penifal,  are  imw  dUcuiTed  in.  an 
admirable  ftUe,  and  with  the  obiia'vat ions 
of  the  moft  eminent  authors,  the  rarious 
degrcea  of  gciihis  or  talents  relative  to 
the  iibcrai  cr  mechanical  arts.  It  is 
evidently  proKcd,  that  there  eaifts  no 
maa,  howeyer  barbatous  or  dull  he  may 
appear,  but  who  pdf&flfM  ioma  talent  ca- 
paweoi  improvcBtfoty  in  ibme  profef- 
ii(Hi  or  other  %  and  hcreia  is  afcertained^ 
ewcVly,  thr  (irience  or  profdumi  which 
htk  applica  to  each  periba'a  particular 
|:eiiius.  As»'  the  gatius  lequifite  for 
theobgy,  pi  liofophy,  }uriiprudence,  nie- 
dictne,  poetvy»  cloquciiiQe»  profane  as 
well  at  iacsed,  tiie  inilttary  art,  ice.  is 
todly  tletermiaed  3  iadicating  aUb  the 
tnetaa  o£  pfefiMviar  tho  OKaiitaof  child- 
iioo4. 

*«  i^rmaitve  tmd  i^SineehU  Mfunamyy 
9r  Anwtk^  LUeratwi^^  Scumo»tamdArts : 
Nas.  liiioW  aw,  cantaiMng,  the  ii&  oi 
AlpflSllM  ^  fragiwati  on  the  nnity  in 
diaisatic  poems  $  of  minenlMy  in  pt 
Pafioo,^  in  Peru  3  on  the  lympEatic  fyf- 

MoMTHLT  Mag.  No.  XXIX. 


ton  i  xm  tbt  fuhue^  of  ancient  ibf«te.s ; 
crania^Lions  cf  the  }ihilo%bicuI  fociety 
of  Philadelphia  j  art  of  writiag  as  quick 
as  rpeaking  f  klten  on  the  works  in 
Riming  and  fculptuir  expoied  in  the  mu- 
^cua)  ot  Paris  i  reflexions  on  conunerce ; 
(ure  for  bums }  leffiona  of  the  lyceum 
of  the  arts  in  Paris ;  criticifm  on  fii- 
chasdlbn's  ^^Clanffa-^^^  diiconric  rcfpedling 
the  cnutual  dependence  of  man  and  wo- 
man \  premiums  of  the  OBCoaoinicsd  fo- 
cietv  ot  Florence,  and  that  o£  I'ciences  in 
Holland;  difcourierefpe^ling  the  ]'i'oof« 
comprehewkd  under  the  appellation  of 
God's  judgments  \  new  method  of  teach- 
ing geographf  j  experiments  on  the  folid 
tints  ot  European  plants  ;  chymifb-y  j 
agriculture \  cure  for  bad  humour  j  me- 
thod of  rendering  leather  water-proof^ 
hiAory  of  two  woanen,  wjio  live  without 
taking  novrl(hment,  ^c. 
.  «  Aph»^msof\he  Sp&a/b  and  lutth 
Letters  0/  ihf  fantaui  Pditukn  An«to  Nip 
PUBZ,  Searetary  of  State  to  our  Sovi- 
rei^n  Lord  I).  Philip  the  IJd.'"  1  vol.  in 
4to. 

**  A  nen»  and  condkie  Difiktuuy  of  ihe 
Spamjb  and Eagli/b  Laj^uttges i^''  contain- 
iiig  tbe  explanation  ot  the  words,  their 
different  figni£cations,  the  terms  ^arts» 
.icieoces  aiid  profeflions  ^  the  conllrue- 
tion^i  idioms  and  proverbs,  of  each  in 

E articular;  the  whole  drawn  finom  the 
eft  authors,  and  coniideiabiy  augment- 
ed by  the  P  P.  M\l.  Friar  Thou  as 
CoHNELLy,  of  the  Bomijucan  oixler,  • 
family  confeflbr  to  his  majefty,  and  Friar 
Thomas  HiGGiNf»  of  the  Carmelite 
order,  family  confeflbr  at  the  royal  feat 
of  St.  Ilderonfo  ^  a  vols,  in  large  4to. 
containing  the  Eogliih  before  the  Soa^ 
niihs  the  other  two  volumes,  contain mg 
tlie  Spaniih  before  the  £ngli(h,  will  be 
publiihad  as  fpeedily  as  poffible.  Thia 
work,'«s  uieful  as  it  is  nectflary,  for 
thofe  who  aim  at  the  ftudv  and  perfeft 
knowledge  of  the  EngliflT  tongue,  podT- 
^fSn^  the  ^tperiority  over  every  other  pub- 
lication of  the  kind  J  for  it  not  only  in- 
cludes Mwvy  wopd  in  comawo  uie  in  the 
Engiifli  language,  but  likewiie  the  ^[seater 
part  of  thoib  in.  the  arts  and  fciencq^ 
ancient  a»  well  as  modera,  with  th& 
e4uivalent  in  Spaniih  \  io  that  whoever 
finds  himielf  but  tclcrably  inftru^led  ia 
the  yamauitical  nileaof  the  laid  tongue^ 
will  b»  c»at>led,  by  oieaaa  of  this  dic- 
tionary, to  attain  a  perfed  kaowJedge  of 
it }  »d  inay«  even  without  any  other 
affiftance,  irauilate  into  Spanifti  the  beft 
Jta^^i^  woilcs,  howeyec  difficult  they  nu 

Tu  at  fir&  fight. 
f  .      "M 


jlld,         Spanijh  ^hfraturij  copUJfrom  the  Madrid  Gazette, 


«  Prints  andDeJcriptkns  tfthe  Plants  of 
fftmyt,  and  of  tbap  cultkjated  in  its  Gar- 
atns:^"  vol.   4th.  the  Srft  part  by  D. 

^NTONIO   JpSEPH    CaVANILLES.      la 

thi»  book  there  are  60  plates,-  and  71  de- 
fcriptions  of  plants,  eight  of  which  are 
new  kinds.  The  author  has  character- 
ized fomc  others,  in  order  to  illu Urate 
thofe  genera  of  GAERTHfit,  named 
Scprofpcmnim,  Metrofideros,  and  Epa- 
cris  J  aifo  that  to  which  L'  He ri tier 
had  given  the  name  of  Eucalyptus, 
and  now  augmented  with  fome  new  fpe- 
cics,  brought  from  New  Holland  :  others, 
in  fine,  cultivated  in  the  royal  botanical 
garden,  prove  the  rich  collect ioq  of  this 
fcflablilhmcnt  ^  and  fomoobferved  bythc 
;iuthor  in  the  kingdom  of  Valencia,  en- 
rich the  flora  of  this  realm. 

The  fubfcribers  to  the  work  iutitultd, 
^*  Surgery i  foreign,  general,  end  partial- 
lor,**  This  is  an  original  work  of  D. 
Juan  Fernandez  pel  Vaele,  pr..- 
icflbrof  furgery,tind  firft  afiiftant  in  ana- 
atomy  to  the  royal  holp^.tij  at  this  court. 
The  faculty,  profelTors  of  every  de- 
fcription,  and  parochial  mlnillcrs,  will 
find  in  this  work».^^^  deeifivc  refult  of 
every  cafe  which  common  praftxcc  pre- 
fents  ;  a  requffite  not  to  be  found  in  the 
|¥orks  of  Zacchia8,Valentini,  or  Sanchcr. 

«  Th  fecret  Life  of  King  Pbilip  II/^ 
commonly  attiibuted  tp  the  Ae B B  de  St. 
Real,  but  by  fome  to  the  celebrated 
Spaniard,  Antonio  Perek,  his  fecre- 
taryofftatc.  D.Antonio  Vallada- 
RE s  is  thepublilhcr.  To  be  found  in  the 
library  orHt^rtailp,  flrcet  4e  las  Cairc- 
Us. 
,*-^  A  T:reatife  on  ivarliie  heroic al  Forti^ 
tudei''  (EsJturzOt)  compoled  by  the 
learned  Pa{, AGIOS  KuBios;  lUufti-ated 
ivith  notf  s  and  obfervaliottft  by  the  very 
reverend  father.  Friar  FRAJbrcisco  Mo- 
rales, Jeronlniite  monk  of  the  roya| 
monaftery  of  the  Efcuriel.    The  Dr,  J) 


meant,  he  wrote  the  treatife  hereaonqwi- 
ccd  j  wherein  he  exemplified  (pt  dttron- 
ftrated)  his  found  do6lnne,  his  erudition, 
and  his  critic ifin.  The  editor  having  had 
no  other  objeft  iji  view,  but  to  pay*^ 
compliment  to  the  Prince  of  Peace,'  10 
whom  this  work  is-  dedicattd,  has  raJa- 
Vourcd  to  prodnce  animpreidion  as  fimibr 
as  poifible  to  the  Salluil,  and  has  not 
Tpared  any  expence. 

The  following  tranflations  intoSpanift 
have  aJfo  been  anhcunced  j 

St.  Real's  Treatife  on  Female  Beauty, 
fi'om  the  Frtnch. 

Cato's  Diftichs,  with  the  Scholia  of 
Erafmns,  tranflated  an4  enlarged,  byD. 
Leon  de  Arroyal. 

Tom  Jones,  from  the  En^lifli,  by 
Fielding. 

Errors  and  Prejudices  of  theSpafmodlc 
Syflrem  of  Dr.  Culkn,  demonrfratcd  ty 
J.  Brown,  with  a  Critics!  and  Apolo- 
getic  Difcourfe  in  honour  of  mcdicinif, 
and  particularly  the  Hippocratic,  by  Dr. 
Joachim  Serrano  Manzano. 

Dr.  Rowiey^s  Treatife  on  Diet,  tranf- 
lated by  the  tEime, 

A  complete  edition  of  the  wcrks  cf 
the  late  Sir  WilHara  Jcn^s,  are  an- 
nounced, by  the  autHoritv  of  the  executrix. 

The  polihumous  worts  of  the  lateRc- 
bert  Bums,  with  an  account  of  his  lift, 
by  a  eentlcman  of  Livei-pcol,  is  aji- 
nouuced  for  publication,  by  fubfcription, 
at  one  guinea^  lor  the  benefit  of  his  vrl- 
dow  a|ui  family* 

From  the  Annales  db.Chimk, 
Experiments  on  Platina,  bj  the  Count  MuJ^ 

Pufdkin,  yice-  Prtfidi  nt  of  tl^  Do^d  f/ 
.  Mineif  at  Peterjburgh, 

1.  On  the  falts  and  pi'eclpitates  of 
platina. 

The  brlck-cgloured  fait  obtained  by 
the  addition  of  muriate  of  airimonia  to  a 


Juan  i*opcz  de  Palacios  Rubios  wa»one    folutlon  of  plating,  is  wholl>[  (blublc  in 

of  the  moft  iiluitijous  lens  that  fbe  col-    — '--    — ' -^ — *'--    -<•--  1— * — ^-^'^-^ 

ic^e  of  St.  Bartholomew  jof  Salamanca 

ever  produced.     Hi*  wcll-known  liteiar 

ture,  and  profound  judgment,  obtained 

hjm,  among  other  thin^ja,  1st  plaza  cf  the 

fuprenie  councl)  of  the  Indies;  a;id  at 

the  cortes  celebrated  in  thepity  of  Toro 

jj)  the  year- 1 505,  he  was  ek^cd  to  vpin- 

pofe  th^  compendium  (or  book)  of  laws  \ 

«vhicb^  from  itr  cxc.<^llejicy  and  equity, 

•f  qiwred  t^s  fiift  ra*ik  among  the  other 

foclci  pf  tl^  Jkingdom.     lie.  wrote  va- 

fiouj^  works  on  the.  civil  jand  canonical 

\^t :.  W^  ^^^  alkin^;  him  what  fort^tudf 


water*  and  depofus,  after  being  boiled, 
a  blacklfli  matter,  that  appears  to  he 
either  oxide  of  iron  or  plumbag6.*  Thi< 
fait  recjuirea  for  its  pcrfedl  folutlon,  be- 
twecn  eight  anji  nine  poupdii  of  water  to 
each.^iujcc:  and  by  repeateji  lolutions 
and  ci7ftaUizations,  the  blaf  k  matter  be- 
ing entirely  got  rid  of,  li^ll  cTjrftalswe 
obtained  of  a  fine  topaz  yel!dwj  formifi^ 
alumniform  .oc>ae<Irons,  Y'^r^H.yrwttbout 
an  intermediate^  Gx  fidcd  priM.  The 
afcalis,  witli  difficulty,  cai^.  a  precipi- 
tate from  tlie  aqueou*  ^lutiop  m  form  of 
a  j^ellow.  powder.        .., 


Mr.  TenHaftt's  New  Tatent. 


Ilf 


FfOOi  the  li^iuor  rwiaumnc  after  die 
prccipixation  of  the  brick-coloured  fait, 
by  aminos  Ucal  muriate,  a  brown  Ifh  yel- 
low prccipicatc  is  obtained. by  the  ad- 
dition o^  pot- a(h.  This  being  reparatfd 
by  the  fitter,  and  mixed  with  nitric  aciJ, 
in  tlie  piupoitlon  of  half  an  ounce  of  acid 
to  one  di-achra  of  the  precipitate,  forms 
a  glutinous  mafs  of  a  yellow  colour, 
ifttrwards  affnminff  the  green  hue  of 
chryfoiite.  Thi»  jelly  cxpoled  to  the 
blc^vMpc  is  converted  mio  a  black  mat- 
ter, which  is  probably  platina  in  a  ftatc 
ai  ibni-oxidation. 

Urine,  boih  frefli  and  putrid,  precipi- 
tates the  platina  in  a  faline  form,  accom- 
panied by  A  g^-eyifli  yellow  powder  that 
is  probably  phofphate  of  ivon. 
2.  On  the  amalfam  of  platina. 
To  a  drachm  of  the  orange  coloured  fait 
of  platina,  was  added  an  equal  quantity 
of  mercury,  and  the  mixture  was  tritu- 
rated in  a  glafs  nvortar.  In  a  ftw  mi- 
nutes the  colour  of  the  fait  was  changed 
to  brown  and  greenilh  brown.  On  the 
addition  of  another  drachm  of  mercury, 
the  platina  appeared  in  the  form  of  a 
grey  powdery  the  third  drachm  of  mer- 
cury began  to  amalgamate  the  platina, 
aad  when  fix  drachms  were  addjed,  the 
amalgamation  was  Complete  t  the  whole 


operation  taking  up  fcarcely  more  tlvan 
twenty  minutes. 

The  quantit]j  of  mercury  being  in- 
creali;d  to  nine  times  that  of  the  fait,  tlic 
amalgam  ftill  continued  fo  tenacious  as 
to  bear  imiTefllons  of  very  delicate  feaJs, 
and  to  extend  perTciJlly  well  under  the 
pellle.  Now,  as  the  fait  contain*  only 
40  per  ct.  of  platina,  it  appears  that  one 
part  of  platina  is  capable  of  reducing  to 
a  firm  amalgam  21.5.  parts  of  mcicury- 
On  covering  the  furface  of  the  amalgam 
with  water,  and  rubbing  it  ui  a  mortar 
for  the  fpace  of  about  ten  minutes,  the 
whelc  of  it  was  converted  into  black  pul- 
verulent oxide  of  mercury,  intermixed 
with  extremely  brilliant  pai'ticles  of  pla- 
tina. The  fame  eifcft  was  produced  oil 
nibbing  it  with  the  finger  in  the  palm 
of  the  band  1  and  from  further  cxpcrU 
ments,  It  appeared  that  moll  metallic 
fubilance8,and  all  animal  matters  decom«> 
pofe  this  amalgam  by  fimple  conta6^«  If 
to  the  black  oxide  thus  produced,  h% 
added  liquid  fuluhure  of  ammonia,  it  is 
converted,  in  a  tew  hours,  to  a  fubftanccf 
of  a  dull  red  colour,  not  diilinguiihable 
^-om  cinnabar* 

[The  Aoalyfii  oS  the  other  curious  roe* 
moiri  in  yxil  No*  of  the  "  ^male's  diQbaiue^^^ 
to  be  concluded  in  our  next.] 


NEW  PAT.ENTS, 
EnrolUH  in  the  Mdnth  cf  February. 

ON  the  30th  of  January  letters  pa-  tlty  wbi!c  only  Aifpended,  t^an  tould 
tent  were  granted  to  Mr.  C.  Tew-  have  been  done  if  it  had  been  dlflbhred* 
KANT,  of  Damlcy,  near  Glafgow,  fbr  The  oxy-muriat  of  lime  thus  produced 
the  ule  of  lime,  barytes,  or  (Irontiatt  remains  in  foI\Jtion>— ;u\d,  after  i  few 
earth,  inftead  of  an  alkali,  in  the  pre-  hour;*  reft,  may  be  dfawn  off  olear  from 
paration  of  a  bleaching  liquor  from  the  the  unfaturated  part  whiihrcntains  at  the 
fxygtnated  marine  acid.     The  difcovery    bottom.  Mr.  T.  alfo  adds  fome  common 


of  applying  them.     In  this  procefs,  the        The  proportions  of  the  ingredients  art 

acid  IS  to  be  procured  front  maftgancfe  as  follow  :~whpre  the  retort  i«  charged 

in  tlie  fame  apparatus  as  has  beert  here-  vi'ith  50  lb$.  of  liianganefr,  and  the  fame  * 

tbfore  u  Ted ,  b u t  the  iTCei  ver>  wh ich  is  to  quant i ty  of  fea-  lalt  and '  v  i  triol  ic  acid,  the 

detain  the  *acid>  inltead  of  Containing  an  receiver   may   contain    14.C)'' gallons  of 

?Jkal;ne4ey,  isto  be  filled  with  quick-  water,  to  wbicU-he  adds  30  lbs.  of  com- 

IW,  0^  either  of  the  other  earths  fitted  mon  .  fait,  and '60  lbs.  of  quick-lrpe^ 


nitantly  fufoended  ^m  the  ^vatef  of*   a^tatJon  during  t 

the  receiver,  it  is  enabled  to  be  rapidly    lation.     Thcjiquor  thus*  produced,  will- 

luiurotc-d 

plrT c  a  manner 

*inj>l*>yed 

tJ^-  ot  pj^ieniiug  a  much  ^;r«atcr  tnian^ 


bet«-en  the  lime  aod  iuJuii. 
Kf  2 


RtVijiiJ^ 


•  .   (   art  .J 

REV3W  OF  NEW  MUSICAL  PUBLICATIONS. 


'ITHRES  Sona«ts  for  the  Plano-foroe,  con)'' 
^    pofed  by  A&te»  CUmtBti.     Price  %u 

iiOcgman  and  BroUerlp. 

Mr.  Clementi  is  frcqoently  ftriking' 
and  tbrci61e  in  his  ideas,  but  never  flu- 
died  the  firft  and  great  quality  in  irraik:» 
iffe^,  with  more  fucce/s  than  in  fomc 
movements  of  the  prelent  publication  # 

TTie  firft  fonata  is  in  C  major,  and 
ojjens  with  a  morement  in  common  time, 
AUegro  di  pt$lh  ;  the  pafTagcs  of  vrhicb 
ilbw  out  of  each  other  with  much  cafe  and 
fji^rrtnefs,  and  exhibit  great  art  in  their 
modubtion.  The  fuccccding  movement, 
an  adagiO'  in  },  is  elespnt  and  £niflied, 
ind  the  finale  beautitnny  lively,  Th« 
^ond  pieet  t»  ifft  G.majori  and  com- 
mences with  an  engaging  movement,  in 
ft>mmon  time,   JUtgro,   followed  by   a 

.  movement  <*  in  the  l^mn  ftyk,"  m 
^hieh  vft  cmnot  fay  the  author  appears 
with  ^thf  fiipewority  of  talent  etnerally 
dffplayrd  in  his  eompofitiotts ;  he  leem» 
to  have  miftaken  heavinefa  for  fofermnit/, 
and  baldnefs  fiir  (impUcityr  th»  fwbje^ 
of  the  conchiding  rondo,  though  trivial, 
is.  pleadngiy  handled,'  and  cloiff  the 
fonata  in  a  maibriy  %k.  The  tkind 
piece,  which  is  in  D  major,  opens  is 
common  time,  Alkgro^  and  after  a  move* 
went  recommended  by  its  ftriking  and 
uncommon  eflfc^s,  leads  to  an  Atiegrettif 
n;i*oacex  m  },  the  theme  of  wliich,  though 
it  pofiefles  the  theoretical  defe6(  of  ftart- 

'  ing  on  the  fixth  of  the  key,  is  ingenioos, 
and  relieved  very  judkioufly  by  the  in- 
trodu£\ion  of  the  minor  of  the  original 
ktrj'.  Tilt  finale  Is  paittcularly  intereft- 
ing  m  its  fubjefl,  and  is  purfued  with  aw 
adilrels  which^befpeaks  the  real  mater, 
^nil  fijres  the  attention- of  the  heai^. 

*<  Blue  Beard,*'  a  favourite  Air  in  the  Pan- 

tmnimeof  Chatnatnc,  periWmed  at  £)rury- 

lane  Thcatrr,  arranged  as-  a  Rondo,    tor 

the  Piano-Forte,  by  D.  Sf»hcU.  Price  xs^6d. 

tK>ngnidn  «nd  Btoderip. 

^ir.  Steibelt  has  bcftowed  raych  care 
•n  th's  little  nvlody.  The  addltiqiial 
pair?gcs,  with  whicii  he  has  drawn  out 
the  piece  to  a  length  proper  for  a  phmo- 
ic7tQ  acrcife,  are  peife^ly  in  cliaiM<iiler 
"Wit  h  iluf  oyr^inal  mati.er,  and  anf  i«tr4- 
^uced-vith  much  iudgfment  androatufV^ 
ance.  Vv'c  particularly  notice  the  reiie£ 
ailt^rdei  Hy  the  em|>Ioyment  of  the  m-jor 
€>t  thv  kzy,  which  at  cnce  givjei  4'  varied 
Awoermfi's  ut  tlie  expicfrion,  and  ma^ks 
•he  ciiara-iter  of  .ibe  ak«.  :     .  .    • 


The    Avoorltt  Ovttture  Co  ^e  Open  of 

t*  Bhie  Beard, *^  as  pcxibrmed  « the  The. 
acre  Royal  Drttry-lanc^'  artanfei  f«r  tka 
Piano^Forte,  by  P,  St6h%lu    Psioc  nM. 
X^ngraan  andBroduip. 

The  overture  to  "  Blue  Beard"  formj, 
by  Mr.  Steibelt  s  judicious  aji:an|ie< 
ment,  a  pleafing  and  improving  exercilt 
for  the  piano-forte.      The  paflages  in 

feneral,  he  very  Conveniently  for  Sir  io- 
niment  j  and  the  flaccato  bars  relievj 
the  arpeggio  parta,  is  a  ftylc  prodidlivcof 
much  effe£k. 

The  favourite  Air  danced  by  Nfr.  and  Mrf. 

Labor  IE,  io  the  Ballet  of  "  VOf^aedet 

Thcrpfaortf  arranged  at  a  Rondo  for  th» 

Pi^oo-FortTy  'by  D.  Suibdt.     Price  i&. 

Longman  and  Brodriip. 

This  juftly  favourite  air  it  hiare-workd 

into  3  higWy  attraftive  Rondo.     Tl« 

happy   management   of  the   digreiTions 

evince    great   judgment   in    the   abovf 

maiier,    and    ftrongly   ceconuneod  the 

pfe««^    The  character  and  goniwaof  the 

jHano-forte  tawtU  conTulted  u»  ftU  tiiead- 

ditional  paflages»  and  the  vrbole  fo  lup. 

pily  blended  a*  to  iona-aA  oftttsbio 

<«  The  Navttl  Battle  and  Defeat  of  the  Dstrh 
Fleet,  by  Admind  Duncan  ;**  a  ch^iatie- 
ilftic  SoaaiB,  for  the  PiMMnForte,  oon- 
pofod  by  y.  L.  DnJfecL     Price  3s. 

CorriandDuflecL 
We  are  fttlldeftijied  to  lead  our  nad- 
era  into  fcenes  of  human  (Ifti^hler,  boi- 
ftr,  and  diflbnaDce-^-miicfa  -ngaink  oar 
inclinations  but,  while  the  ioQf^  of  liar* 
mony  are  pleafed  to  alTunie  tlie  ^tas^&a 
and  office  of  the  priefts  o£dir«ard,  it  br- 
cornea  our  duty,  however  painfai,  » 
attend  thftir  fanguinary  rites.  The  pre- 
lent  piece  eommencea*  with  Admiral  Din- 
can's  fignai  to  his  fo uadro»  <^  to  go  b 
purfuit  of  the  Dutch/' — «*  They  botii 
their  rallfi;"''— then  «*  fct  iail.'*— «  Tfe 
enemy's  fleet  i»  iq  view5'^— ««  a  gencrii 
puriiiit  by  the  £i^liA>-^neaiiy  withia 
gunshot, — The  Jdlieth.  eibskawW  to 
avoid  •heEhglitb.^^TheBng^fti  adninl 
givft  fignai'  fer  eng^mem.'^Joy  aod 
rt'folut  ion.  of  ttieJG^it  ji&  ikilor».^r-£ii£;asc* 
meat. — ^AjdnMiral  Putictn  bredu 6ferein|^ 
the  enemy's  line.-^The  J>Mteh  Atps  Irt: 
fome  of  their  «ui&s  j^^-tbcir  de&st  ;r»rtbc? 
ftiike. — Shontaot*  viftcay,^T— Tfae  £oti^ 
admiral  gives  crders.  to-iail  for  EdgUa^- 
— Tha^diiabW  flu,^  give  fi^oaWeiuii' 
Hiefs^— The,i|ew»'  UTit<rt«  i«*«9twr-0^- 
naiiX  rejoicings* ' *     Tb^*  arc  the pri^c- 


Revieiu  of  the  Ntii>  Mujital  Publiaxttons, 


*i^ 


fi\  toMca  wbifh.  Mr..X)u$«Ecc  hat 
iclcclcdforimitdtron/knd,  in  which,  for 
t^e  moft  part,  he  has  greatly  TucceetM. 
The  itefr  «i*e  Iroqveittif  new  and  (Irik- 
ing:  whiky  in  many  places,  the  com- 
bmatMn»  and  moduiatians  arc  mafterly 
and  karned.  The  r6ad  of  nature  is  not 
alwayy  kept,  yet  the  bye-paths,  however 
intricate  and  pei-plcxed,  have  generally 
the  property  of  bringing  back  the  va- 
grant author  to  the  broad  and  fimple 
traf^j  and  the  whole  certainly. forms  an 
excellent  pra^ical  Icflwn  for  the  inftm- 
ment  for  which  it  is  profc(!edly  compofcd. 

Six  favourite  German  "Waltzes,  arranged  for 

the  Piaoo^Forte.     Price  is. 

Predion  and  Son. 

We  find  much  to  admire  in  thefc  little 
pieces,  Thty  are,  as  their  charaftft* 
demanded,  eaiy,  iimple,  and  fliort  \  un- 
comroonly  plcafing  in  their  ftyle,  and 
calculated  to  improve  the  juvenile  prac- 
titioner. 

A  Sonata  fbr  the  Piano-Forte,  with  Accom- 
panlinenti  for  a  Violin  and  Violoncello,  ad 
HkitwMj  compofed  by  Frtmcejco  Tomtby 
Price  91.64.  Skiltem. 

This  Ibnata,  thongli  not  in  the  ftrft 
nwk  of  pbno-forte  compofitioni!,  cer- 
fiinlf  pofleilbs  m^&iy  pleaiing  parages  \ 
and  in  fome  places  difcovers  a  refpe^hiblc 
degree  of  fciencc.  The  opening,  which 
is  an  Adi^  in  common  lime,  ii  (Iriking, 
and  eacdkntly  preparative  to  the  Suc- 
ceeding movement.  We  cannot  entirely 
approve  of  modulations  fo  violently  di- 
gw&vc,  B8  fome  wKich  we  have  met 
with  J  at  in  page  3  and  4,  where  wan- 
tonnefs  and  affeftion  feem  to  ui'urp  the 
place  of  judgment  and  fober  lenrning. 
The  .^ndmnte  is  very  agreeable,  and  its 
fuhjeft  happily  relieved  by  thf  Mift9re^ 
While  tke  minMt  wbidl  It  introiluces  is 
grnteil  and  elegant,  and  con^kdes  the 
piece  with  an  knpreffion  higlily  fuvoura- 
ble  to  its  charaAer. 

A  Second  Colle&ion  of  Canzonets,  and  a  G  lea 
ft'T  Three  Voices,  with  Accompaniment* 
fer  tke  Pfamo  Forte  or  Harp,  compnfcd  by 
T.  f^ar.  9tice  71.  6d.    Jtenes  and  *Holland. 
We  find  Gk  canioncti  iir  this  collec- 
CiM,  nwft  of  which  affe  <one<^ivecl  in  a 
vny-f^ragiiig  ftyfc?.     Ti^e  l^bje^  and 
eaft  of  Vhe  words,  are  not  every  wheve  at- 
tended n>^(h  t*iat  prccifion  wMdi  fonris 
the  chief  feature  of  all  vocal  compofi- 
tioiis,  neither  are  they  whcliy  nealeflL-d. 
The  accent,  (as  in  the  firft'bar  of  ttie  can- 
zonet) ii  (binerime»  falfely  laid,  but  the 
tJiiilyiDd  ibrceof  the  einphafi?^^  in  ^rne- 
rai,  'lOTiBsan  ali^^Wabte  ilbt*off>  agaiuli 


that  defc6^,  and  imparts  a  valuable  tjua- 
lity  to  the  melody.  The  glee,  wbkh 
cloies  the  coile.5lion,  is  firapk  and  plea^ 
fing.  It  polTeilla  no  counter-point,  or 
marks  of'  haimonical  contrivance,  but  i» 
an  agi-ceable  melody  baimooizcd. 
«  The  Cotugers  j"  a  Glee  for  Tiirec Voices, 

alfo  a  favourite  Round,   compofrd  by  JU. 

Atterbury.     Price  is.  6d. 

Tones  and  Holland. 

**  The  Cottagers'^  is  an  uigenioua 
compofiMon.  The  parte  are  diljiored 
with  judgment,  and,  conliclering  the 
general  poverty  of  the  choral  muiic  of 
mo(Wrn  days,  are  clofely  wove.  The 
round  is  evidently  fit>m  the  fame  expe- 
rienced author.  Its  melody  is  eafy  and 
flowing,  and  di^crent  voices  are  inter** 
mingled  with  much  dv'xterity  and  art. 
''  In  vain  we  fill  the  fparlding  ^w),'*  aa 

Anacreontic  Song,  fung  by  Mt.  Duiiows» 

at  Freomafon's  Hail,  compofod  by  7.  B. 

&£7W<r.     Price  is.     Jones  and  Holland. 

We  find  much  Bacchanalian  fpiiit  is 
this  fong.  The  melody»  though  noc 
ftrikingly  novel,  is  tree  and  open,  and 
the  introductory  and  concluding  fympho*' 
nies,  both  infpirit  and  enrich  the  com- 
pofition.  "^ 

Ko.  IL  and  III.  of  A^h  &  Terificbote^  a 
Coll«aion  o^  the  nM>ft  cdehnfttd  Seags, 
Duetts,  Rondos,  iec,  adapted  for  the  Ptaoo- 

Forte,  Vk>Un,  Gaittar,  or  German  Flute^ 

IS.  6d.  each  NunU>er.  Rolie. 

Many  of  the  airs,  duetts,  &c.  colle6ledL 

in  this  publication,  are  highly  defirablc* 

Tlie  work  is  })rim<:d  iu  a  convenient  poc'- 

table  iize,  and  cannot  but  be  found  ez<? 

ceei^ingly  convenient  to  the  amateurs  of 

light,   eafy,    faihionable,   and   familiar 

muilc.    We  find  in  the  preient  numbers^ 

the  celebrated  dance  in  "  Paulet  ^ir^ 

nif^ — a  juftly  favowpite  Swifii  air — ^3ic 

well  received  trio,  '•  Here's  a  health  to 

all  good  laires'*->-and  ftveral  others  io 

moch  cftimation.  ' 

**  My  Love  to  the  War  is  gone  j"  b  favourite 

Bjilhi,  a*  fung  at  the  Nobility^s  Concerts  j 

con;pofcd  b\  Mr.  MwUs.     Price  is, 

Rolfe. 
This  is  a  ptithettc  little  compofition, 
and  does  much  credit  to  the  tafte  of  the 
a u t  h or .  The  iimj)  1  i c  I  ty  pcrfe^ I y  accords 
with  the  fubje^  of  t\\c  words  5  and  the 
nccorapaniment,  which  is  adapted  boHi 
to  the  fJutc  and  violin,  cnriiihes  the  effect 
of  the  melody.  The  b:d*s  is,  for  the  mcft 
pait,  arpez'ziy,  but  not  a!vs  lys  wdl  cho- 
ftn;  parilcul:u-ly  the  frcond  note  in  the 
thh-d  b:a*  of  ttn  lecond'  part,  which 
fiwald-probttbly  ha%*e  be^n  E. 

•.  -  **  Faren*ll 


as^ 


tfeiv  PuhUcations  Irt  March. 


**,FaT«w«tft!>e,Beawsof  eirlyDay/'a  new    j.jiVIy  recommend  the  compbfitiqn*  But 
Song  written  by  FttcfTindor^  fet  to  Mufie     we  are  obliged  to  obrcrve,  that  Mr.  Am^ 


hy  y.  jdmktojc.     Price  l».  Ril'y, 

Tiifl  melody  of  this  fong  eontl»*ns  ibtnc 
fry  attraft ive  p^lTtirei .  1  he  niniulkicn 
fmo  the  fifth  ct  fli£  original  kty,  at  the 
wordR  **  And  fjioc^res  leem  to  haunt  the 
ihade/'  and  the  irurodu£>ion  of  the  natu- 
ral ftyenth  towards  the  clcfc,  art  InRaiiccj 
in  proof  of  much  rwectnefs  of  fancy,  and 


iiROse,  in  this  fohg,  as  well  as  In)cme 
o.her  of  bi»  piodu^ion^,  ha»  <«ot  Ixea 
luniclcntly  attentive  in  the  choice  of  hi» 
baiift.  The  \^\  bar  but  one  of  the  melody 
.now  It. ore  Ui,  is  the  oqly  exampie  %t 
ibsJl  at  prt:cnt  poittC  out,  of  hnpiDpriety 
in  this  particubi*.' 


A  CORRECT  LIST  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

thtfbUndtrtg  h  tffcnd  t6  the  Pttbrtc  at  a  complete  UfiofaU  Fvhileatlcnt  ivitkin  tL'  /•  Unth.—'Auihcrt 
aid  Fkhhjhers  nvho  dejire  a  wrreSl  and  tarlj  Kotict  of  fbtir  H^orks,  art  ifttr.stcd  ra  t/jtijxut 
ufki  tftktjdmc. 


BI0CKA?HY. 

T[*HE  life  Qf  Catherine  11.  Emprefs  of  Ruf- 
fle;  an  enlarged   tranfiation  from  the 
French,  by  a  dntleman  manyyeon  refidtnt  at 
Feurfiurgby  with  feven  portsarts,  3  vols,  a  is. 
Longmaufi. 
Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Adminittration 
of  Sir  Robert  Wal pole,  Earl  of  Orford,  with 
origiovl  Correfpondence,   and  authentic  Pa-> 
pers,    never  before  publiibed,  by  fT.  Cextf . 
M.  A.  F.  R.  S.  F.  A.  S.  3  vols.  4to. 

^  Cadell  apd  Davis. 

BOTANY,   &C. 

Ruf/oiTi  Flora  Angelica.  los.  6d.  boards. 
Walker. 

rHSMISTir    AND    USEFUL    ARTS. 

Reports  of  the  late  Mr.  John  Smeaton^ 
F.  R.  S.  made  on  various  occafiooi,  in  the 
cottife  of  has  employment  as  an  engineer, 
vol.!:  18a.' boards.  Fadcn. 

OaASflA. 

Secrets  Worth  Knowing}  a  comedy,  by 
Thma9Mtnt«H,  ETq.  as.  Loogma^. 

BDOCATtON. 

Juvenile  Pieces ;  defigned  for  the  youth 
of  both  fexes.  By  Jbtn  Evaiu,  A.  M. 
Third  edition,     is.  Crofby. 

The  Newtonian  Syfteraof  Philofophy,ex- 
pLnncd  by  familiar  obje^,  in  an  entcruin- 
ing  manner,  lor  the  ufe  of  young  ladies  and 
gentlemen.     By  Tern  TeUJicfi.     is.  6d. 
*  '    Ogilty  and  Son. 

MATS. 

A  new  TopogTsphical  Map  of  t!ie  County 
ofNorlbIki  Inrveycd  and  meafured  in  the 
ycar<  i't90,  t,  2,  3,  acd  4,  on  the  fcale  of 
fwte  (fVrri  tff  »  mile,  and  printed  on  fix  Hieets 
oJ'tb*'  Urged  jtlas  paper.  Faden. 

,  MATHEMATICS,  3iC 

VrtiSXUjl  Ai\i00oqriy  j  containing  the  doc* 
trine  ^'  tjie  tplia-Cj.vicii  aftroiiomical.tobUs, 
&c.  5fc.     Bv  Ai'ix.  L'lcir^.     65.      Longman. 

The  Math^miKico^  aii^  Philoirphical  Rfr- 
pofitory ;  cor.Ku'iuii^  m-w.»y  ix»ucni(us  ami  vSt* 
iul  iiKys  ana  Txt^idH,  with  j  Collection  o*" 
l*ti)blcnn  4ud  Soiaiioa:si  iclci^tcd  from  the 
Cotrn^ondrr.cc  of  Vevtral  ablc^MatJifgqu- 
eian^,  «n(l  the  Works  af  thofi  wbo  are  uu- 


by  r.  JLyic&rn, 
Glccdinoiog. 


neot  in  the  Mathcnutlcs^ 
No.V.  IS.  6d.^ 

MtPXdiNX. 

TU  SoldUrU  ?riend\  or,  the  meaiks  of  f«- 
ferving  the  health  of  the  military  men  uho 
may  be  called  into  the  fervicc  of  their  cou.i- 
try  in  the  prefent  crifis.  EyMr.'&i*,  A.M. 
furgeon  of  the  Lock  Hofpital ,  ftc.  is.  6d.     t 

An  Enquiry  into  the  Nature  and  Cauiei  of 
the  great  Morulity  among  the  Troops  of 
St.  Doauogo.  By  Hiaar  Macltam^  M.  D.  6s. 
bds.  CaaeliandQsvies.  - 

A  Syftem  of  DifTe^Uon;  explainiAg  tha 
anatomy  of  the  husoan  bod^,  the  manner  of 
dlfplaying  the  parts,  and  their  varieties  ia 
difeafe.    By  Qunrlti  StU.    Folio.  59.  6d. 

Johnfon. 

An  Enquiry  into  the  Nature  oi  Mental 
Derangement ;  comprehending  a  concife  fyf- 
tem  of  the  philofophy  and  pathology  of  the 
human  mind;  and  an  hiftory  of  the  pafnom 
and  their  efie^.  By  Akxandtr  Crkhtoa, 
M.  D.  phyiician  to  the  Weftminfter  hofpiul, 
and  public  le^rer  in  the  theory  and  prac- 
tice of  pbyficaodcheaiiftry,  1  ▼ols..tas.  bds. 
Cadell  and  Davies. 

Reiie^ons  on  the  Surgeon  s  Bill,  in  an- 
fwer  to  three  p:.mphlets  in  defence  of  tb^ 
bill.  By  Jckfi  Ring,  member  of  the  corpo- 
ratjqii  of  furgeons.    4s.  6d.  bds. 

Hookham  and  Carpenter. . 

MOIAL  PKtLOSOfHT  ANDXfZTArHTSICS. 

The  Commentary  of  Hierocles  upon  the 
GcUcn  Vctfcs  of  the  Pythagoreaoa;  now 
firft  tranfljted  from  Dr.  fVarrttCi  edition,  by 
tyiUwm  Ray-va-t  A.  B.  4«*  Longnaa 

ArillcitleV  Ethics  and  Politics  j  comprioog 
hispcadUcal  philofophy  j  tranflatcd  from  the 
Grcjc.  4nJ  Ululated  by  introduaioos  and 
notes  i  the  criiiCAl  luiUry  of  his  Jife^  and  a 
ncv/  analyf.s  of  hiti  fpeculativc  worlds.  By 
ydn  C^Ui,  LL.  D,  1  voU,  4*0.  aJ.  2s. 
Cadell  and  Daviri. 

The  Works  cf  Lucwn,  from  ^«  G'cck. 
By  J.  Qxrr,     vols.  4  and  5.   lo«.  Loiigmja 

An.  Eiaxinatiou  of  the  leading -Pri|ic  pir  , 
.of  the  new  Syftcpa  ,of  MoFaU,;as.  ftatf4.  »» 
M^  (itdmn:*  Fvliiicai  Jufticc.  is.  6i. 

MisczL- 


Tbf  New  PuhUcaUmSt.in  Marzh* 


a^f 


MlSCZtLA^XKI. 

HeAoAions  fUggeftedby  a  view  of  London 
ttum  dff  the  monument.  By  yehn  Evans, 
AM.    W.  ^  Crofby. 

£«im*sCttilogue  of  5000].  worth  of  Books. 

IS. 

GahillH  dIetO)    inelnding  the  libraiy  of 
Or.  EMfi^d,  dec.,    u.  ' 
,  Tk  dfjL  lajbitav  of  London  and  Paris  ( 

containing  fevco  ^autifuUy  coloured  figures 
or'  ladies  in  the  actually  prevailing  and  moft 
favourite  drefTes  of  the  month:  Intended  for 
the  ufc  of  milliners,  &c.  and  of  U^iies  of 
<]>jality  and  private  families  reGJing  in  th« 
country:  to  be  continued  monthly,  price  I3.6d. 
per  month.  Hooi^ham  and  Carpenter, 

Ji^^nJofCt  Table  7«*lk;  concaining  apho- 
rifjiMon  Ittenture,  life  and  manners*,  with 
anecdotes  of  diftinguiflied  pcrlons  t  fele£lcd 
and  ananged  firom  Bcfwc/I^t  Life  of  Johnfon. 
6k  bds.  Dilly. 

The  Second  Volume  t)f  An  Efl'ay  on  the 
Pi^urefque,  tec.  containing  an  cfTay  on  the 
binfw  of  artificbl  water,  on  Jecnrations  near 
the  houfc,  and  on  building*  r.s  connedicd 
with  fccnery.  By  UvtJa/e  Frice,  i'fq.  3vo, 
Robion. 
Narratiire  of  the  Shipwreck  of  tiic  Juno, 
on  the  ooaft  of  Africa ;  and  of  the  finjuUr 
prtfer^ation  of  fv>urt<Tn  of  the  crew  on  the 
MfTtck.  Without  food,  during  a  prriod  of  23 
djys.  By  WHHam  Mcckay,  Inc  fecond  officer 
oftheyhip.     2S.  Dcbrett. 

importance  of  the  Brewery  ftatcd.       is. 
Lcngman, 
Boofey*3  Catslo^ue  of  French,-  Italian,  ^ind 
German  Bboks,  for  179?,  6.1. 

HAVAL  AVT>  MILITAKY  AfVaIRS. 

For  an  account  of  Mr.  BLirU  Solcicrs 
FrkrJf  fee  •*  A'feJiclm.^* 

Military  Obfervatlo-^,  tn  a  Tour  through 
part  of  Franc*?,  French  Flanders,  and  Lux- 
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Egtftton. 

Remarka    on  Civalry.     By  the  Pruflian  ' 
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4to.     il.  It,  T.  Gardiner. 

FOVITLS* 

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Role  Mount  C.ift!c,  or  Falfe  Report,  by 
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DcrwentVriory,  or  Memoirs  of  an  Or- 
phan, ;n  a  feries  ^  Letters,  79.  boards 

Syrnonds. 

Anecdotrs  «f  two  well-known  Families, 

written  by  a  Defcendant,  and  dedicated   to 

the  firft  Female  Pen  ia  England,  by  Mrs. 

fojJMSy  x  volsi  los.  6d.    •  '       '  Longman. 

£llinpr,  or  the  World  as  i_t  is,  hy  M,  A. 

/Aiifteay,  4  vo?s.   tSs-  boaris?  Lane. 

DMUtldotfff  or  tht  Fraericidc,  a*  Romance^ 

^y  jf.  Af.  'Macienjte,  5  vols.  xcs.  6d.-    Lanci. 

Laura,    or 'the  prphan,  by^iWrr.  Burtan^ 

73.  boards.  •   v    .   .^   ^  Rielikfdi«ai 


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Lm  ftnd  rturnu^ 

Geraldioa,  a  Novel,  fonnded  00  a  recent 
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1'he  Rock,  or  Alfred  and  Anna,  a  ScotUb 
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POITRT. 

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Wood,  by  T.  Bewick,  of  Newcaftle,  3s.  6d. 
and  5s. 

Satires,  5fc.  by  Jactptn,  is.  6d..      Miller. 

Poems,  by  the  Rev.  Gerald  Fkagerald, 
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Profeflor  of  Hebrew  in  the  UniTtrfity  of 
Dublin,  now  firlt  collcdted.  3s.  6d.  boanis. 

tohnfoQ. 

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15.  6d.  Richardfons. 

The  Bgotift,  or  the  Sacred  Scroll.     A  f*. 

miliar  Dialogue  between  the  Author  of  the 

Purfuits  of  Literature  and  0£bviyt,  1$  6d. 

Murray  and  Highley, 

POtlTICAL  n-CONOMY, 

DI/Tertation  on  the  bed  Mews  of  Miin- 
taining  and  Employing  the  Voor  iq  Pariik 
Workhoufes,  publirtied  at  the  requcft  of  the 
Sxiery  of  ArU,  &c.  by  yoin  Mafin  Good, 
lamo.  152  pages,  boards.  Morton. 

Emigration   to   America,   candidly  confi> 

dercd.     In  a  Scries  of  Letters  from  a  Centl^ 

man  refident  there,  to  his  Friend  in  England. 

|-        Rickman. 

■»01,tT!<*S. 

Lettevi  and  Correfpon<ienee,  Public  «nd 
Private,  of  the  Rirbt  Hen.  *Hemy  St.  Jobit, 
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was  fccrcury  o(  ftate  to  f[ueen  Anne;  wiHi 
ftate  papers,  explanatory  nofecs^,  anda-tranf-* 
lation  of  the  forcijm  letters,  ^c.  By  Gllifert 
Parke^  of  Wadiiam  college,  Oxon,  chaplain 
to  his  royal  highncfs  tlic  Prince  of  Wales, 
a  vols.  4to.  Ro^anfon. 

The  fame  Work  in  4.  vols.  ?vo. 

An  Addrefs  of  great  Importance  to  the 
Nativcj  of  England,  Sec,    zs.  64*    Longman. 

"A  Second  Letter  to  the  Earl  of  Moira  on  . 
the  Qonuncrcial  Situation  of  Iceland,  is.  6d. 

Unite  or  Isll,  6d.  or  la  foe  j^.€d» 

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tain on  the  prefent  Important  Crifis,  witJi 
fome  insereding  Obfervations  to  Stockoldeo^ 
as.  Jonkin. 

Bell's  Tax  Regulator,  fmaU  lite,  is:  BcU* 

Confidcratlons  upon  thii  Sutc  o?  Public 
Afiairs  at  the  beginning  of  the  Year  1798^ 
Part  I.  IS.  6d.     '  Itivington.  ' 

AnEyamination  <3f  Mr.  Walfceficld'i Reply 
to  the  Bt&op  of  Llandiff's  Addrcfs,  by  JcBn  ' 
Raniy,   is.  6d.'  '  Stockdale. 

The  Speech  of  th^  Earl  of  Moira  in  the 
IrtfhPAirlistmene,  6d.  Toiilan. 

-'  •  -  -     •      '''--■  *'ru 


a22 


New  Pubiicatians  in  March. 


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Stock-hie. 

}V  Aripas  AdiirrVs  to  the  People  of  Enj- 
lanJ  on^Reform,  and  on  Zeal  and  "Unanimity 
in  thc^DcffTict  of  the  Cotfntry,  by  y»w*fi* 
y^^iffaiy  ii^.  J9*6i.  L»nffnta. 

Confequences  of  a  Freucb  Ifi'vatoo^  by  Sir 
ythk^D^ympi4j  IS.  Debrett. 

The  I'rcjgf  e^s  of  Delufum»  or  an  /Mxitk 
WfH'^^nVea*.  »'  3c4l;«terd. 

.    Ti««  l^iiQf^cV  Jlcply  to  the  L»i<l  BUbop  of 
i«ftov^il'^  by  y^Z^  Baikiyf,  j<.  >  Joidao. 

A  Ltf^Ur  to.  the  BiHi^p  of  lAod»»,  by  a 
f^ihtUiMy.  I«.  Crolby.. 

Tht  Stitc  of  the  Nation  with  rcfpeft  to  its 
VuMIc"  Funded  Debt,  Revenue,  and  DUburfe- 
icent,  as'  comprised  in  the  Report?  of  the 
{^le^  Committee  on  Finiince,  eppointtd  by 
the  Hovfe  of  CommoA*,  Part  L  5s. 

SyBwiiBflb 
^'  The  Brai^«iiTrttiiifet»puUifliedinWcek«y 
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Miral  Beaaiftiiif.  Coowuuuler  in  Clu«f  of  Ar- 
jjjikiy.  Wright. 

,    'rhe  CjkA:  of  tlie  Piople  of  £ngl.iindj  ad- 
4i'^£^d  to  tbe  lavch  and  Fortune  Men,  is.  6d. 

"'•      '   '  Wcftky. 

tnvafion,  Kational  Danger,  and  the  Me-rr? 

«f  Safhy,  by  A,  Ttntn^^  Efq.  F.  R.  S.  n.  6d. 

Richardfon. 

A  Brf«M  of  «h«  knc  ^Nstiaa&l  Fa(V»  on 

ftaimif >«  of  Itiat  R«aiciooi«Miia«»(i  Po- 

lM9a:bx7A««H^««i-  •  Usv. 

.  A  SunA9?.ry  of  tU«  Evidences  of  Chriftl- 

•a^ty»  by  y(J;i$  FAiaan^  A.  M.  U«    Will*. 

The  CoolUtu.iion  and  Order  of  a  Cofpt^ 
Church,  bv  Join  F^jicatt,  A.  M.  6d.    Wills. 

The  PoilhutriOijs  Wntts  of  the  late  Rev. 
ytbtkBrciciif  of  Haddington,  3s.' 

^  '  OgilVyand  Son. 


Thottghti  on  the  Noveltyj  th«.2sccIloKi^ 
and  the  £vidence  of  the  Chiifttan  RjeligMm, 
by  Jcbm  Smf/M,   is.    *  JjMt. 

Sermons :  chle&y  upon  Ptafi^M  j>)^je€l|, 
by  the  iacc  Rev.  Samiel  Bijb^^  A.  U.  ^ 
liihed  by  Tbomai  Oarh,  A.  M.  6s.  bau4. 
CadeUaiidD»v^ 

Refleaioni  on  the  Clergy  oi  the  JcjUU 
liihed  ChMreh,  IS,  6<!.       Cadeil  and  Ik>ia 

Sanfcreet  Fiagment«|  or  Mole|/mi  Bnab* 
ma  compared,  by  the  Aahtr  cf  ifi^.^^cib- 
fmticSf  with  an  engraving  of  the  ^iitg  ^«. 
tgr,  fuppofed  to  reprefent  the  c^tailrophc  gt 
Babel,  2»..64  I^Cudztr. 

A  Sermon,  by  /f^.  Gilbert,  efq.  of  BriH 

IS.  |«0&glCtB. 

Confiderations  on  the.  Dodrine  of  a  Futan 
St Jte  and  the  Refunrcwvion,  a»  isve#le^,  v 
fuppofed  to  be  fo,  in  the  S^ipturei :  ou  ilie 
Anfpiration  aud  autliority  qf  SwuptwftitteU: 
on  fomc  peculiarkies  in  St.  Paul's  EftiUat 
on  the  prophecies  of  Daniel  And  Sc  J<4in«  &c. 
To  which  are  added,  feme  .SksUtuic5  on  the 
prophecies  of  liaiah.  By  RkitardAnmr,  h\. 
in  U»rd:<.  JoKiUoa. 

TRAVrL?,    &C. 

Tour  in  Switzerland  j  or,  a  view  of  t^e 
pre  Cent  ftate  of  the  governn*enc  zad  marrcn 
of  rhofe  cantons,  with  comparstivc  fcctc)ai 
of  the  present  Rate  of  t^is.  By  Hel^nMi^ 
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>ii«r  soirroii   or    sooire, 

y^tflut  *,t.  4ifui  tffTljtffrfT 

A  tkinl  of  Mf  <£l'pii>aAo*a  D}g4#  of  cheUw 
of  Actions,  2  vol*.  lU, 

Of  Sheridan  on  Elocution,  js. 

IRATELY  I>IPCRT£D    »Y    T.  «p0$lT« 

^ephiyo  ou  Ic  Bcrceau  dc  Flore,  2»,  6d. 

Jules  ct  Sophi«,  2  vols-    js. 

Crnfcllion  Neuve  de  Viftorine,  as.  6d. 

La  Nature  et  de  les  Loix,  2S,  6d 

La  Lyre  RepubKcaine,  »a.  6^. 

Noureeu  et  fiKoaie  Voyage  tttssr  dt 
Monde,  eki  I7«8-S9«90,  pat  DeF^iiy  3toIj. 
^o.  1%U     ^    ' 

Voy;vce  autour  de.  Ma  CKaahcct  ><» 


ACCQUNT  OP  DISEASES  IN  LONDON^ 

. ./  .   rmmibm^h  iff  Bk»ary  to  th^  xotb  if  J^nb, 


ACtTB  TJTSEASIS*. 

pERIPXEUMONY         •     '-       3 

f    Catarrh  -  ?  -         4 

Snfbinntatory  Sore  Throat       -         -  » 

Typhvjs  Mitior  --   —    -*— -^i^i^i 

Cough  -    I^*  ' "  "^  * '. ".     "-*         ^ 

Hcirfeneta     "     -  -**         '     -         '.3 

CYu^Wa  Dyl^iwra  :       -    -  "'--    •   •'■§7 
Kamopsyib        ^      -f     3.       !'    ^      .   '3 
'l^ulaM&iuyGoBnuHptlQa    ..  *     «.l..f. .       3 
iiydrpthorax         ••%,      ^. ...       ..   ^        ,i 

FknMdyne      •■;  .-    .  ^„    -_  .  i»3 

^citc*-    ,     -  ;.-  ;     ^     .  7     ,2 


Anafaseft  ^   ,       .      . 

Ccph^lalgJ*         ^    .       , 
Opthalmia       *   ,   , 
Ffuor  Albus         .^ 
Meiiurrhagia    -     • 
•MaMMlM^fravidarum 
Aborrtofi 

Amentkriicea   "*     • 
Chlorofia  -     * 

.&y^Kp%  .    •       . 

Vofnitii%.      ^>, 
£nt«0djnSa        «. 
^  Worm4        -,     1,. 

; iTcwi* ,^  .  -^   ... 


1 

• ♦ 


•iffc* 


Mmkf^  Reptirt  tfDifalfkt, 


m 


dhftbaa         •              -            • 

HsmocrJMis       -      .     - 

Dyfani       -               - 

ScA^hdla                  •  -         .        >- 

R^cfSi       •           '     •                 * 

V«fti(o 

ifcqo       .                .                   - 

fiurip               '   • 

Tioei           .         ,          .-             .* 

N<phn%U 

Prociaeatia  Vjgin« 

Chrooic  RheuBwdiin 

8«iatka               -                -            - 

PUERPERAL  DXSfiASES. 

Iphemen        -                -             - 

Pnerpwi!  Fever 

Mafloiynif 

R]iigMPafi>Yft 

fNPANnUC  DiSSASBS. 

EiT%htW>mcUe 

Aphtiis           .              .               .• 

Ophtbulimi            ... 

Ophthalmia  Pimilentt 

Since  the  laft  medical  report*  there  has 
been  a  confi  Jcrabk  alteration  in  .the  tem- 
perature of  the  air,  and  the  Itate  of  the 
vreatficT,,  ^hlch  has  occaiioDedj  in  ibme 
JDibocc^y  an  a^gravatloa  of  fyniptoms 
^  the  difSarent  Ipedct  pf  pneuaonic 
pmpiaiAts^ 

Theaunibcrof  rttM«t<ca(e6y  however, 
is  i'malier  thaa  that  which  occurvcd  du- 
ring the  tgne  in  which  the  fbrraer  report 
wa»  taj^en^  Fever«  have  been  more  fre- 
AMeat  than  in  <he  prefent  month.  The 
/ptcics  which  has  been  rooft  prevalent  ia. 
the  Fypbusy  or  wiiat  has  bj  fome  wri- 
ters been  calW  the  Ncrvoui  Fever. 
This  dilealt;  uftialiy  commcnret  with 
/Itgk  chilliucf«  a^d  (hiyerings*  9)ter«> 
luting  w'^h  .fluftiingf  of  heat  un^uaUy 
diffuicdy  Tjery  different  fro«i  (be  ngoni» 
and  the  coniieqik:At  rioleiu  degree  uif 
heat  which  occun  in  other  ^vttt^  There 
is  generally  great  reftle0hef«  and  anxietyi^ 
in  iajBUe  caH-s,  a  confiderable  degree  or 
pain,  and  i«  otliers,  a  vtrtiginout  affec- 
tion of  the  head.  Throughout  the  dif- 
eaie,  there  is  generally  a  contuflon  of 
idrasy  and»  en  fome  occafion,  greftf* 
huny  of  f|^irits.  In  (ome  of  the  ea(ef 
reieiTed  to  in  the  lift,  an  inienfibility  })re- 
vaiied,  which  made  it  difficult  to  obtai» 
asjr  ckar  idea  of  the  paticAt*s  feniations. 


Itt  one  oTtlMiii,  vvhachtrnhMlid  fittifyt 
befidts  tiie  <iifuil  fynMons  •£  4dnlinr# 
th^  fi«({uenc7  «id  ^«tabiefii«f  iIk  pstte* 
ooltiqitative  fweatt  voA  JmiiiMiry  diA 
charge  of  urine  arid  fteces,  there  ims  »i 
UDtt^al  degree  cfjMkirm  tmdbnam  i  thit 
rymptojn,  Mttd^  mllead  of  a  mcrdy 
iovoltwttfy  ttfitchtng  of  the  tw>doaa» 
amounted  to  a  fpedznodtc  cofllca^ioo  of! 
the  mufcles^  nearly  lefembHag  the  cob* 
v>ilfioRs  of  epilcpfr. 

ia  one  of  the  cafes  of  AfiiiWj 
whkh  had  long  ctetinncd,  and  at  £dt» 
pfvwd  very  obftinate^  we  wccMtea^ 
beyond  our  expectation,  in  owaianig  a* 
recovery.  This  we  thiak  may  be  attr»v 
boted  to  the  firer  uie  of  elatchum.  Tlw 
draHic  operation  of  this  mediciiiey  tk 
iirft,  difcom^ged  the  patient  5  but  the 
brge  difdiarpie  of  fluid  which  foUo^etl, 
excited  in  his  mind  the  hope  of  a  reco- 
very ;  fo  that  in  a  little  time  he  Ihlkittd 
a  more  freqnent  repetitioii  of  U  than  it 
wis  prudent  to  allow:  hat  apott  tha 
Ready  afe  of  it,  togentr  tvitliaiHert^Ml 
chaJybeatesy  to  fupport  the  w  vitew  ti»> 
moit  happy  confequcneea  cnftMd. 

lift  of  dilbUes,  terminated  fatally.  Thia 
is  a  dl&afe  to  which  new-bom  chlttea 
are  liable,  and  nnder  the  violent  iyom* 
tcans  of  wiitch  they  frrc|iieBtly  fiaiu  It 
attacks  different  parts  of  the  body  $  tha 
/bigers  aikl  hands  are  the  feat  of  it  whca 
it  is  firft  difcovered,  thougH  ii^- ita  peo» 
grvfk  it  cateadt  over  afanoft  mftrf  part  of 
thebody.  ItbdiftiagoHhfdby  attttn* 
OCT  Of  iivid  oitcolofnrations,  ^a^th  nme 
dtgrte  of  tumour  and  hardaeis.  In  the 
prefent  inftance,  there  were  Ifevtrai  vefi- 
cations,  itmtlar  in  appearance  to  thoib 
from  which  an  ichorous  difcharge  pro* 
cecds  in  pifes  of  mortificatioa.  Thia 
difeade  Is  generally  Hd  lapid  in  its  pro* 
grelk^^  that  bfit  Gttle  aiCftincc  can  be  de- 
riredfittfBmMllnat.  Thefivaafi^af  the 
bark,  with  thecKtemal  application  ot  ca* 
hipUfms,  faneuHthiBs,  gad  fpiritaoua 
cHsbrocatlons,  are  the  noft  jprohah|a 
means  of  relief,  and  la  fame  mmtrifit*' 
ties,  of  ibe  difeafe,  they  l;a.«e  prorql  ^ 
feaual  remedies.  '  ' 


.   STATC   or  rVBtlQ  APFAlRi 


ITAIY. 

ROKfB,oacethemillre6  of  theMrki* 
hot  often  l^e  author  of  de6dati99 
and  anflacre,  has  cxperiraeed  aapther  Kt 
volution  in  hrrgovermDimt.  Theftnatip 
h4nacTs  of  the  croiii,  whi^h  haye  vraTwd 
for  twelve.centuficf  up^n  thr^nuos  of  the 
jRciman  o^itol,  have  now  given  place  to 
VU>rz-ui.v  Mm.  No.  XXli. 


tV  ^  f?f  libmy.  The  following  is  a 
Aort  ^ftch  of  tbo  princ^  eycms  At» 
t^is^  this  i8i|{ort{mt  tiOnfafUon :    . 

$oo&  aff er  the  iai;i^na&ion  in  ^oi|ie,  in 
which  the  .Trench^  fenerai  iKiphot  was 
killed,  the.  Executive  DboSLory  opdctrd 
the  army  of  Italy  t^  mi^ch  again^  the 
capital, imdcr^hp  ^rctcaS'of  avenging  the* 
Q  f  outrages 


^ 


.^fi*jfe4f4«J4-^/fil^ 


F--    v^,; 


0|9ifeiga  immimiH  ^ J?«P^«^*5nr.  awfeasjcdiki,  aadofficenof aU tfaemrU 

l^pcdfnKQt  0i|  tbe  part  of  the  Bbpe*s  ^  The^roviSbiial  4^pAidbcli^€if>tlrp»; 

roldieir«  i ,  but  ^mf  unforitunate  pesUants^'  Itce  in  Kti(M,{ftiAiedisii!^]^«pont^c&i^ 

ftduced  by  m\fllciiaarl£»|  49Utd  tb  &ew  aP-B^enimei^fi  addf^M  a/Midv^tioq 

tlierafeltres.  Thtywercfoou  jBiJidrfedbj^  tothcp«ople,inwliicli,l<ftfflr^'''^'^^-*^*- 
(vcc,  and  afterwar4«/*.cpKAtcn«^  by 
4  mam&ft<>  of  Generar  fi^irtfliicr/'    At* 


not  pATticbated  in  tbe  crpnct  of  their 
prieits,  obliterated  them  bra.  Cokum  dtfa 
ajTofural;  The  ptopk  f^orated  tlieir 
fJiu&  fnoih  th^l  of.  the  guilty/  mi  cz* 
d^ed  juili^e  from  their  own  govenunent. 
Qeoeral  Berthed*  arrived  uadcr  the  yrifi$ 
of  J^oittfj  and  reraained  there  a  few  davs, 
waiting,  the  deliberaXioQs  of  the  jnhabx- 
Itat^.  On  th«  tid^  of  February^  the 
anniverfiu-y  of  the  iidyear  of  Pope  Piua 
t}w  Vltb,  the  French  General  entered  the 
capital  i  .^nd,  (boc^  after  the  people  re- 
paired to  Campo  Va^cino^  where  they 
drew  up  a  fokmn  a£l  of  their  refumption 
of  the  rights  of  fovereigatyy  which  was 
Qgmi  by  ibvond  ttoufanda.of  tho Ronaa 
cidtieaa.:  • 

This  public  a6l  ftated,  that  the  Roman 
pa^le,  oppreOed  £»r  a  long  tine  bir-the 
|p7erninent  of  prieft^  a  (rue  political 


t^n  the  comiptioft^  McMtft^ii 
ft>^'t)f  the  Papai  fi^MumtfX 
tbut^g'fiariced^atfei^cdiafi 
ifhpunSy  to  at!  luiii<i'4f-iM«ijIiii1i;<arf 
recliioed"alI  clal^  Wthe  imfWWiiyef 
ibbfilHi^,  th^  MH)buift€d»^t:lliC'tKW 

Sovernthent  vrtit  '^nfidplsy  eft  Ift  '^semeil^fiaB 
ibfe  dfiV4m)  aaa  tbm  autfodffld  i». 
naediatelv  eaufe  to  beopuitfd  tlie  Afeii^'A 
Pflffir,  i^ere  all  kkida  of  pioyifey  mcaid 
be  fafl^ly  pfote6M^  tbey  alfeayninB^iti 
l^cchiaens  to'i^ar^be  Mtipdiai;€ocMrt 
coiififtinrfftf  wliftoy  litedBy  aUd  ndiib* 
t^ons.  The  Papd  ii  Ani  iwni  ^Mifmkem 
d)rdere<HobertiboviBd.  AUt^viAenof 
inightftoodi  gOtdlseys^'titUsBoCiMliilJcy 
«nd  piY^ninen^weft  pi«bi%itBil^i8rBii. 
frai^  totality}  TOtA  Hverieawve  il6 
fupprefledy  ^  dUjprace^ltp.lminjMiity. 

Tbe  French  annyv  it  Hl^i^^t^^ 
regularity  of  their-  difcipnac  9»i  beha- 
Xi^ur,  foon  removed  the  prejudic^i  which 
the  people  had  irabjbed  from  fajfe  repomi 


iHQOftervattgniPtod  ifeveipal  tifses  to  throw    refpedllhg  their  being  pillaged  apd  vio- 
c^  Us  yofcej  that  the  fecretnaa^c  of  fu«    Ilited.     Theft  (H^iffer /jmpreflktoa^tnere 


pprftlt^cQ^  Intereft,  and  arn^cd  force,  com 
Kncd  agaloft  itf  e^orts.  had  rende^-ed  u^til 
ik^fVn^^^t  its  c^ion&  Vielefs }  but 
that,  U  kagcbi.tii^  goTerntufmh^  fallen 
4^  itifblfy  in  AvqfeqMfince  qf  .a^iuccdfios  of 
«eai»«iii^an(^iQfult»of  nu^aimela  aB4  (^ 
pride  r  that  the  Roman  people,  dmudiog 
tp  behold  either  an  homble  :^anoky»  er  a 
yitiated  tyranny  to  tak«  it$  pboe,  had  coU 
ifCted  ^U  their  coura^i  and  cqnfolidated 
ail  tVir'ftrengfhj.  to  preferve  the  State 
ffOiji  ait  the  «/feaji,of4hat.di{rolntion} 
aodj  alfo,  thai  they  determine  j  £p  claim 

their  eights  pf^foradgpor-.  .     .  *  , 
t  That  111  iiippic^fliiig,  aW^fljing,'  ^ 
rilaiil  pvHitijal 


eraM;  by  (fii  fhmk  vMy  oi  Gcnerd  Btf* 

thier  to  the  ti^  of  the  R«>fflCi»Wbj^»  lie 
to\d  thei^  that  tbrF«^ettcbli«iattniidiwt 
carry  on  itiofue  fra^m  and  fBajHltey  wae 
(b  ftr  from  (elKog  tViepe^n^  ^'euMt 
c^untriea,  ^hat  they  were  their  aBSttrtfi. 

SwiTZERLAIfD^' 

While  one  part  of  the  arnij^,Who  hai 
lb  often  been  led  to  ti^^ory  by '  the  Jt<^ 
publicai  general  BuonaKarte,  ^nei^  tail- 
ing pofleiuon  of  the  capital  of  Rpnat  and 
invoklr^  the  fifansa  tif  Bnrtni^  of  Cato, 
of  Ckefb. '  stn4  otber  incliaft'  cfaM- 
jfons  of  Rberty,  V'fder  Afr  Frjiicli  gc* 
nenti  BrfWiier;  anoAer  |*4t  ^  If  w«te 
annihilating  the  civiFaiil  p^iti^l  gQ-  fixing  th^  btufierj  ot l^^fjf' kiid  ff^iBj 
iKonnenjLot  grieA«f  tb0.p4op)e.c4Hiitl{utc  upop  the  rums  of  t!ie  ^^A6^^t^  of 
itmftUes  the:&eeiand  ittdepeodnnt  f<^Ta-  .^ne  a^  i^nboi^i^iJ  T^  a4b^p^Ml^/>f  t|e 
reign  \  that  they  had  rcfumetl  every  can-  lords  bt  Berne  reufted  tbe  en'tranpe"^ue 
«Bi|Ui9r and  leg«d[ative  anthority  \  *and  that  Fioi'ch  troofMi»  and  l^QQfi  )^  >^en(4hea. 
they  were  about  to  execute  them  by  .their  Th»  FfTi^h  «nny  nn  IffVf^  enteo^d 
jneprefentatiye^^  accord th^  to  the  ngbU  of  Berne  oft' the  5th'of  hfaithi^wkll  Gs^enl 
«wa.  which  are  imprcfcriptfb!«*j  agreeably  Unm^^at  ^esflie^.'  XVeyio^a  ^t»^^ 
\o  the  prtnciples  of  judlte,  ^i^  UbcM».  I^ttoop^  iMa  Qom^k  W^jgent^  vfter 
and  eouality  :  thatiy  hy.v|rt)^e^\^  %'ta^>  IP^'.I?  ^  /jgpl  HSfibljlatf  Se^Wi^li;  on 
p^  political . and  cixlfpower, ,exercifetf  by  «ie*Sanfe?Jj  hJSI  piirfiieS  fte'^nAaikife  of 
the  Pope,  was  provifiortafly  transfaT^dro  the  fthafic  ^^^i^  W  iljsfej^l^  -^^j^ 
4he  depar^ents/<ind*the<tnemWa  p^jped  the  gatc%  9f  Berne.. '  jwSyrSn  ^' 
by  the  people  j  at  tbehe^  of  v4w|i  y^fi?^  VenBaj^d  tp  the  lF?^£n  JwW^JBfe^p 
<v» coiAMsv  Iftvefted With thefcnjc autho:  Wore,  T'b^iajjW  WmffllW 
rlty  as  the  firmer  cong^^tbiir of  fl&tiu  b^rg  were  jQ^cupied  '^%i'^!^^9!9fi^  ^^ 
Further,  tlifs''^f)bl^  9il(  eapiainld  the  6eh'er.ilPtg«Qii.''  Tiie  jrtjr.lb^iw  ftua- 
^oi^stibif*  x^f  ajl'  tbt  6t^  -xAa^iitrates    ^ofdi  a^i'  a^fwcf  iwag'  hgwti^Typi  tic 


Switzerknfi.'^^''Mifrrtagif  mi  BtMs  in  twi  mitf  London,     .tia^ 

HitgtAraccf,  that  tbey  «m.  dtlfOfed  ta  (knti^  .wkr  cqmpyxie^  ^e  /erce .  of  ^n- 

flima^J:!:  b»i-tfc»t  f  fay  bpwi  woOld  be  botu-gt   W  mu-fd  wl^h  pfedpkfUoa^ 

Hft^aflbyii  tngfte  thai?  t^  »yM^«iop>c«  with  tbeir  ouinoa  «xid  am^s^  mto  jt))^ 

thepttHflfi^e.  3p9ffis  ^apd  armc4  pea.  tri<:iui(t  th«  qftf  was  taxn  jby  .ftorn^i 

£liift%9i^»l)ei$f^3«dw)choiitdi(bM|er.  without  ^Qj;  ^celTcs  bein^  commtttfedS 

Gmo^fig^.grantedt^ohouri;  but  ^ne  •arlhiaratrc  '  ^Vertini^Vt  cMi^ojed» 

kond- ;vinte-.4ilMit  vflltgef,.  «b4  %  tboftn  bythe  fr6tfon.  '*Th\^  ^ifiS^0k 

>iwdtktebbrfiye>fei^  who  -capie  ta  ^eiiXf  the  adi^ef^tw  pf  .ari^ocracy  rnQn  H«i^ 

fagftf Iiifclgmiaibap4i«wre;  Sm-f^usw^.  U|e  400  teen.  "'The  afTadr  of  Setterib1f(i'  tu)ft 

%nnivHb^<«^9ta<l|^ppik«  (olhc  f9ipt^<if  them  &qo  nveifi  {^jf?  ^^  ^^'^^  tlibut&Uli 

tttfccki. '!  A  'Heir  fiMiumn «  wM  thea  feat  i  made  prifoners'.    Th^  Freox^li.  od'  tli^ 

uycmi  'wbich  ftm*  c|f  the  eitiicfcw   and  piit»Jdft  among  /mt;al  otike'r^  the  ^ra% 

Au^iftfoter  tame  to  Ay,  t)iat  tfa«y  wtn  icijeint  Barium  who  had  hcta.cr^ted^ 

oTtamo^.h^  dieipmfiiatsi  aad  'iP^reM  fub-lleutenaiit.    After  perfonaJing.  t)iiR 

ko^er  fircem  t^r  dejibcnukak.    The  rXj^oitil,  the  Mtofficdn  of  the  JrAich 

(qinUloa»;inUkarb  fv\\  of  ardoui*!  cailol  «riay  ailbiibled  tft  BerKe,  wkese  t^^Mtt 

aioii4lor.iik  9»kc  fcir  aa  aSuUti  afey^  a  tWxo,  repari:.  at  winch* -am^ne^  othfr 

•f  IkiBfMiftailqBpid  aiiyMAg,th(m9  at. the  toallt,'weiie  ctrank  the  folldWMJt  €tt«« 

itfadMi!Phantiir»> faqfeaQt.yybe»f Hotbed  c^s  xi  repubiicaa.  armi^.-^'Aj  HH* 

t*  tlla.iCiip  ^fiflhfe'iRMiipariSy  a^>  thr«5r  vetic  army.— t)eMdi6a  td  £n;^and.— 

aktaafeltM- ftHo^the    towa.i-  thlt  15^9  Ppue.totlK  worV-'.'    '^      -^   '^   ^-'^"<^' 
BMerflyaodibar^vfivathottfaiidiM^  ....     .;,.;•        "..  [/^J*  j 

•pn'OkAcmmt^aekngihi  wdui^  Ami origbuOk^ tf  ma^ if  tifi jftmiii^ ]j^^ 
the  Nottret  ^  ParGaHientiny  Froaei^s  and  Other  PoSlHctd  Occurrpkes  tf  klf^rm 
€9if/kfKMee,  are /i^hred  M  tir  mxi.  :*T  • 

.^ ^ —  '  I  in  'IJ"  ;»  ..',*''.».• 

.    'c...''.  M0rriag(s  ahd  Ditabs,  in  and  near  Covdon.  '  .^' 

JM^eM^ftf.}    At  StOWeX  Sovthf/'vk,  k^ynbtit,  e(q.  cMsft  Con  ojf "Df.  K^yp<M ja. 

Mil  HoUm4*  U^^ti  At  HUU  lacrduat^  of  Bedford-Ajuare,  to  MiCi  Ann  MltfoNT^  K^ 

«•  MVl  R«b«|fi|i,)QrBc^inpndf<iv.ateet.  *  ^oji^  '(iaugWt  of  '  JohA  Mtt^t^  fcftf.    $f 

AftJ>f«y*^boi^  church,  Aleun<J«t  Err  Chatlbttc-rtrtfct;  #fcfrby-f«iaf^/  '  .^  "•   - 

flua«..<(;^  0C|4#«cAat9»  Jamaica,  to  MUli     '    JdM  D?ckertfbBr,  cfy  rfSe.'  Jtffctf  itilittfy 

jK^fofii  dauf  hter  of  Robert  Jackr(in>  dq*  of  to  Mifs  Rc^isfon,'  of  Red  lioo^ftf^et^  r"**^' 


rke  fa9etUUo<i.' 

At  St.  Pancras,  Mr.  Owin  Holflivf,  at- 
CotneVf  ofMark'lanc,  to  Mifs  Rofe  Pape. 


Ccofgb  Fewitl,  «fftj.  ttf  the  'fiatf«^ar« 
abovft  buly. 


Ai Muy<-Ie-hone  church,,  fbe  rfer ^ 

DeaiC)  fib  lififs  Hel«n  Deare,  one  ol  the 

4A^ifimv  iT  th»  late  liiMeqaafe^oland 
■  Ck:^l«»])taai4  »    >,.       . 

-  JUlowOcoiaa^tHanoveri^CiaartpJUchart 
.VMtaacott,  e(;q..t4MlfrX)..WUkiQ/on.    , 

■•oA«S8ft»«liicJifrlVCgrnhiiL  Jabla.Mcllo^ 

laT^dbBk,  |?i<pujp  .CunShetiand,  of  the 
MtuiAtV^1ea4,liidt»afao,  to  Ml/s  Wore,  elih^l 
'  ilftt^^r  of  Mr.  ^ifiuel  Wkre,  of  St.  John  V     Mr.  SMmiel  Caftell,  boBlofr,  i 


Willku  BldeitoQ  Alkn^  efti.  #f  Qvay  V 
itm,toMUtCaoning.,of  Suar^«i,  SA'ev.  v 
'  DiUJ\  in  CheftcrfiflMreety  a  few  dm 
^dtcr  hdr  dellmy  pf  a  foa  and  iveir^cbe  X^if 
of  John  ScudamotCy  cA}.  of  lUatch«rc])^ 
'member  of  .parliAment  for  the  ctty  of  tfeit- 

ford.  ' '* 

,  In  Upper.  OfefWfaor-ftrfeef/  «»  lirrr*49th 
year,  lAdv '  0ii^kett,  SMfr  of  ^Ir^'Gclbrge 
Dttckett,  Baft.     '    "  .      .    r  ».   • 

In  Brtifon-llre6t;'Mt«.  'CaAirlly  »eMt  «f 


•ffeftfr  ^  «t^  toiUi/ll'MajMcri  ««cd  af, 

tof^UiUttWi  Tttkenhpfli^intRAidj.  vi 

•  ^Agflt>»jwyiyj:huj[gh>  A^r.  JS.  lajt^fB^pf 

-r^KvqpiQaft^ibBqiMuflo  :Jlf^  Iff  Fafr,  .flf 

•WiyiW^.B^h^t,'^^  ^f,Hi^gt«,  tp 
"^     .dang]h<)ff  of  C^artj^^^>iftoi\, 

'  Ad^rC^ntubW^duiAp' (tcond'<£ra^ 

*  lh5tft»o(ti*ii4laMt4^'(i|Mr«/VnlU»m 
^Mfa%«4|^r#^^  ^tffik  FnWEcs  AnhsMacik 
'i%i«4lMMAiifhWriof  the  Ij0BP  yf^\m 
^Mvdnel^.  of  L'lgerden,  HeretorJfiiire. 
At  St.  Andrew's  Holborn,  Henry  Revel 


AtFiilham«  ThoaAi  Birch*  ef4<  ofTbotp^r 
|»U,  Lmplafhire^ 
» ^  In  0olden-f((iuare4  Mr.  X.  Lsuobe. 
T-^  In  HapVplaci^  Ceorgc  Miller,  efq.  BiT- 
tiD)  Qoidiuf.  fof  mc.fouChern  llates  of  NorUx 
'A;n?rlf^.*'  ■;  ^  •      •      •   • 

Irt  Wifftoreiftrceti  Csfrt^dlihiftfwijt,  M^. 
Cbirl<H  Little;  'fotvey^r  o^*  t%e  WdtainAer 

■■^rt-drtr<;6.    •   "    ''  -  *?  .        J     f* 

'  'l»TkcftfiddiftrMti  «fcer  a  ibw  dayt  illh* 
•^«ft,^K'Hfnrl<8rme,  t>ae  of  the  •ptincipid 
«afidtt£tn  cheihsiifctttg'tkuuie.of  MWI'.HaiJ^ 
mcdUiy.  and. Go.  « 

.  :U%yilMMi9-i^fei,'Portipan>f({Qare«  Mn. 
iTr^W)Pc,f)udo4r.9f. th» licp  R^bsrt  X^^vour, 

tfq.       ^  ■  "    '  .        -    .        - 

G  g  a  in 


i»m 


JMIriii&rlftetbii^d^ 


* ,  P{^^  \t^yaa  qf  btt  H^i  Mr-  Kicliotlul 
iKtOWiu^i^aay  vears  ^  inember  of  thie  com* 
IDOA  ^micil  ior  tn«  ward  ofCnaplepleWith* 

^X^a4«w  ^fteraihorjt  UI^e(iy  in  hitsptli 


1^.  1MU»r/%teb«ttN«W^^ 

Iff  Uaoim,  M<rJJM^yfMt^\bM^im 

InlkngaL        ,  '     •"    ""^^   '''^■''  "* 
,  At  jningtonVtthTTilferrticteJ''  '    "»      • 

Itfr,  JtBbcrtXhiftUthvaiUtiun.er^.  cUeil  cfq,'.    "                       ■'-.."  ^.^:  .i  •  .       ^ 

m  ofD^  ttuftlcthv^litt.  QirX^wfdovq-placci  6n  i\\t  tth  of  lOfirrdR^*  afc9  «  Bfe  VMKy^ 

Bath.  .  houfe  at  <1aAfahith^,llfegy  r^i$»,  iBu^ 

.  Jii.Wimpole4|^eet«CaTen4a2h-rqQarejTho-  Mat  Gw:ittrt\iti<itix/tmt..9rimkisXhamf 

tlMWUlnffis*  «f^.  WholdarleTea-Dealerflt^r  iiuiMi'Sriisrt 

;,    In  BernerVftreet^  la  Hh  7$tH  year,  John  haylflg,  left  thkti  a  wcde  bcfijveli^'dwnic^ 

^Jtovtle^c,  cfa.  appeared  td  be  in  die'  feU  ^i$tmr  9Ai  '%le<HB 

.  la  Lomfofi,  Lady  TfBte,wMowor<(k^  late  ofhcaldw    As  the  age  of  yoiiU)bp«calUrlj 

$irCharle«  Ketnayt  Tynce,  ban.  ofHalTwell  fufceptible  of  praife,  and  u  funeard  t»  lan- 

lianfc,  SottdrfetiUrc.  Xau  i  and  i»  departed  merits  .w:h«ttver  ibge 

lo  JLandAa»  Amboife  Hvquis  du  prefnay^  of  life  It  may  have  adoroed^  ha^'lf  aclbMw«' 

iimedj  m.  geoeal  o(Bcer  in  the  king  qf  tedge4  to  be  remarluble,  a  tla^  oft*  poftKs- 

'tnaci6*i»  icKYice»  and  late  colonel  of  a  rci^l-  nous  Wotice^  'it  cannot  be  }v^^  iftipropef 

jnc^tpf  ioA^try,  dfnominatfd  byjbia  nam^  to  delineate  the  ch^raQer^^m  iliMiateetta  ti 

.la^eBritidipay.  .    '  Thomas  Carratt  t  bk  thh'iRcMli'eiAMt  be 

At  his  hoilfe  in  Crofveoor-riuafey    thie  materially  nfefiil  to  othen>  io«>ca*^«ifficic«( 

^i^t  htti.  locd  Calthtepc  ftgHrd  be  |Hreftrved  fd the  rttlei*tff'pM^ertfae, 

At  hia  foo*s  honfe«  Great  RniTel-ftreet,  tmlefs  the  fetttircs  of  the  port«ait%<^nlfiMrtieiy, 

Koonlborx*  aged  74»  Mr.  Saiauel  Hayca,  •«  well  as  fitltfafully,  drawn*  tSttH,  h<H»cnt| 

.lincrl|r».«ierciuntinBiimwifham,  though  the  general  uutfine.  and  the  prami. 

Ay^  jti  .Mb   Obarlea  WUkins^  sofny  nent  lineaments  will  be  deariy  tfaced,  it 

iaza  deputjf  ii  ¥oweV-waiid.'  afphes  only  to  the  title  of  an  hnfeHedl  cepy, 

»_  •  __ j__    _-_.i..__j  L  .  .1..  L.._i». ^.  ^j^  ^u  ^  (jeftji^te of  mafiy>of4<Me4eltate 

COttches  6f  which  ft  le  fufceptiMe.  Thoogh 
executed  by  thehafl^  of  fnendAip;'it  vtU 
not  be  coloured  by  the  pcnci>iif  flittitf^; 

The  fir  greater  par^  dP  hir'^dMcktM^be 
Tcceitcd  at  home,  toeeflier  <i»U'K^I»*  dt  hii 
brothers,  under  tJie^^UAtiyt  df  MV'Aai 
then  By  the  forci*  of  Ml  -vim  femut,'by 
the  exchi  fion  of  tempb^onr4»d  toMriKfry  by 
habits  df  early  rifin^,  by  a^  fM^fkt&t  brtW' 
change  of  employmept,  by;mtiiii*yffenil 
attenifance  of  tutoh,  nd^Cry**  tBii  wUtt^ 
xence  to  re^hrUvof  ]^faDf,4Ml»irfei»ec«ah) 
pnfheJ.  To' arithmetic,  to ^^i^MMiy,  and 
to  aftrcnnmy,  he  had  paid  eodiftdimible  at^ 
tention  j  and  the  MathenteHad'^ftlMiary  ef 
Dr.  Hutton  w^s  one  of  the  ^cntoy  ^f'whfcft- 
fae  W9S  moftfimd. '  fd^ramaMtr-'li^iidw 
rived  at  dmirgDiihVfd  pi^ikhsilty^  ^xHf-pftk. 
in  the  fubortilnate  but  n6fiifain<|j»imit  fcb« 
jedl'of' puiiaiiatioa*  hi"  poffitfl'e^  ilM9i  «f^ 
nutenefs  of  inf(^nna(^ort^"*rh^  F^encflMgee 

ai  Much  corrcftneft,'  at  tht*^Bii|g«flk    Ht* 
rtid,  and  he  contrerfea,  in  tltf  *«triiM«  ani 

he  had   made  grcit  progrefiltf  thV  0*wk 
and  Latin'  languages,    iJM^Mttl4<lahle  ad- 


Jtaia< 

|a  Laadooi  occafioned  by  the  burning  of  a 
tM-vcifclf    Miia    Hoblyn,    milliner,    of 
tttth. 
.    in  Uisfwt  Thames-ftreet^  ^ed  74,  Mi|* 

.  Mis.  CaUwrine  Wachfel,  wlic  pf  the  rev. 
Dr.  IVachfely  mini^  of  the  German  Lu- 
.||NB^«lfpVcJH  4^  I^tUOtAMQ-ilrcct^  Good- 
aa&Y«field&. 

.  ia  iiWBb'a  Cooduit«^reet,  Mrs,  Calamy,  a 
Jjl^fditw^nilhrd  by  a^ta  o£  extjr4ordljMry  1)^- 
^jevolcnce-  ^ .  » 

.  jPetes'*l«i;dM>  c^'  oC.  Palacc-yaW»  W«it- 

^jiA&Cf  ^aiilnefs  of  a  few  hours,  Mr.  Charles 
ljbr<^4f  Maiden«la,nct  Covenc  Gnrden^ , 
^    •lA'J^s  £&th  yeat,  Mr.  j<(kW)Ias  frowning, 
%.9fq^ero^  (he  court  of  i:omoiou  cquqciI  Utr 
the  ward  ofCripplegaVe  WIthont. 
.  i^hishoufciaCarlille^^i^Cj  Soho^  Mr. 
J»^akjni>.fcP-  ^each^  ot  ScoUll  daacing.   .,  ^ 
M  hia  lodgings  m  Brodd^lhrea,  Camaby- 
•Mta*  MuTjueae^  wdi  kaowA  In  the  n.u- 
•tep  MVcM  ^a'  aa  eAiinej2t  pcrrorm^r^on   the 
WliAj  aad  liiKally  defccndctl  from  the  ceic' 
.  ^^»te4  A^ihai  Turenc.    The  faic  of  clil«  Jio- 
for^i^iate  perConadords  an  adiHtiiinil  inftance 


of  (he  obiVrurify  to  which  inerl^  is  bi^t  too  Vanc^     in     the'  Geritfan;"  '  anaMrd    ¥f 

.^qjuaatJy  coivii^nc.4,   for  want  of  powerful  tWe  ufr  of  tranflatlons,  #&ie!r  ellet9i  Mfe* 

.>*tfo>nage.     Notwitbftantling  l^is   extraordX-  n'efs,"  which  conceal  fgrtOfa»rti-»^irtiicll  Banr- 

^aiy  eminence  in  his  profcllton,  and  his  illuf-  dVill/iefV,  ahd'  which,  as  'llUiy^i^  MdHmalV 

^uaJ^hy  he,  was.  fa  reduced  by'  the  victf-  cmptoyed,   at  oner  rtt&rd*  tht  '^gt^Mth  aw 

.  fitwdes  of  fon^nc,,  as  lo'be  comptJicd  to  exii?  undermine  tlie  j^roiahea^^'ltn^fo^^teest. 

apvaa  fcaaty  aiiowance£rom,liw:*Frciichrjp-  y^ith  the  bid^raphV*,tbe^KflfirjMao4'the 

.  iii^s*  (iupcl,  with  the  ,6iu'm*^^s  of^Kii  in-  'g«^;7iS'"''X^y  of  «ftcfcftt  time«>'H*  Wl^ao  t^ 

d^lkry.m  tho  laborious uik.  of  |>li^^<,oun.  teiffivt;  acqiiiiirittnce:  Inl^^imr'fiiptttci'fdfait' 

tiy^aaiMs.       '  .  .  \  \      *.;*'•  .^    '•'  dp  thbfc  ftirtjjtfftjl  of  *  <ft  t«MMOgy,- ^vai- 

Mr.  John  Samuel,  aftii^nt  fctrctary.^o  tKd  C^ptltf  6f  pftwtffelfy  liH^trrtBh^  %»  a«w»- 

|b«ety  forihfc^ntoiuj^ifnt  of  ar6,  maoiv-*  t^oft,   %M    of  itidfui^*-JWrt  if4"tefea*lw* 

^MittTPi  and  «OTwxWcc,  ii}  lb}:  A*4c  jiHi.    '   '  dmoiJjJ'ditfefcfit  aa?hdfi.*'lR)lf  ^'%h  g«p«- 

Il»  Ciofveno.MlVtct,  iClist  bSlyS/wifc  *  '    •  •i    ■•    -*-•  •^i' *  *«  t*.^A»*-#.>  |«,W. 

jNf  the  rev.  Charles  Collycr. 


iilui/S>i»:'i(\aimk>9f.VMVi.'G^jm^ 


fcribtd  iritnin  narrow  limits, 
jaocirti  ai  wcU  ai  ia  Ac  ttM&VitfSf  of  Hnj- 
liA-comppfitioni  Hc'w  attained  to  no  (mall 
iiill ;  for'ta tha  mucKof' his  time  hai  bVcn^ 
^<»ctd|  aiidk.  ifT  the  petioA  of  Uf(  9t  whicli' 
be  api«e4  K  coii£dieredJ|'  Ke  xmift  be  j>rQ- 
Q9g|»^t9  tuve.  po||eA!e j  fertility  of  imagx-' 
SitiiHl^'ftMt^iqciiracyof  ju4i(in2nt,and  great 
cfeluwcy  df.,tafte.    Of  thcfc  q^ualitif s  o?  thq^ 
itlnd  iniiiljpuCAble  «vidcncca  were  a/fbr^lt^  by 
rhe  remaf Its  which  hc^iadc  when  he  reacf^' 
aj  wcU  ai  by  the  compoRtions  wji^cl^  he  pro-] 
Aicei  The  latter  were  extremely  riu nacrous.! 
Somt  of  tl^eip'^Iled.aconfidefable.nurnber  of 
fagfi;  laii,  io  atl  of  them  that  were  writ-^ 
teo  m  the  Uft  year  of  his  life,  though  ex-' 
oberaacei,  which  it  was  better  to  cut  away, 
occafioaally  occarcd,   different   beauties    n 
Ayk  wereiBterfperfexL  '  Yhty  were  of  rari- 
eus  kinds  f   and  rpmetlme^  thry  wbre  diftin- 
gui/bedbyaovcJty  of  iUuftration|  fomrtimc)' 
1^  ttgeasy  of  ari^umenCi  fomctimcs  by  a  fe-' 
licit/  in  tiw  Ghoice  of  words,  fometimes  by" 
xjudicifiif  md  &ilful  «rningement  of  the 
Mnecot^y/^ad  £ii)»etimes  By  a  pertinent  VhA 
cofUm  accuojilation  gf  h&x.     He  had,  in- 
deed, .i.t^uick  ieiiifibility  to  literary  exce^-. 
ience.    He  fel(,  a«d  admired,  in  the  fcveral 
hngaa^et  iif  which  they  wrote  i  the  wit  of 
Pl^upu  aad  Botleaa^  the  pcrfpiguity  of  dic- 
tion hi  XejitphoB,  Axrl^A,  ^ad  Carfar ;  the, 
jvdgmeiit  9i  Vuxll,  Metaftiifio^  Addi/on,  and' 
Pope)   th«  defance  ^  Ifocrates  and Nepos/ 
of  EkwJcdiirDflJ^   and  Barbauld,   of  Jean. 
^  Bj^tiae.RoaOcatt  and  Hama  of  MUhwyi^ 
'  the  Cubiimi^  of  Hoi&et.  an^  AsUtpn^  the. 
beautiful  .^aocality  ii  t'ehelod  and  'R»IIin;' 
t}K  TigMJ  «f  seniiiala  Tailb  and  DryJcn^  in 
Congreva  and  Fawcett ;    the  eloquence  of 
Sail  uft  ai)4 .  4f  Flonu  $    the  energy  of  Joh  a- . 
fon  i  tk^  yathctlc  tenderncfs  of  Kacinc  ap(} 
af  SterAci   the  acumen  of  Hookc  and  Vol- 
taire  in  hifimif  reflexionf ;   the  defcriptiye 
fowen  •fTlioropfon  aqd  Cdldfnailhf  ofpy- 
cr,  SheoAone*  and  Gray";  and  the  maftorly 
ddiocatiotf' 6^  chara^tec  in  Shakefpeare^  io 
Schroderv.  and.  in  Coldonl.  '  But  he  was  not' 
accttitipafeil  mtnlj  t»  fiti  the  beauties  of  cc^i 
U^^zu^  pn^^Uaoa^   and  it  may  teaibnabjljr 
be  do)»ht«d, .  vhether  t  Wf e  ii  apy  one,  of  ike(c '. 
meritf  of  anf  oofs  of  theiV  writers,  which, 
boa  apt  caaitil^tcd»fM)e  of  the  topics  oT  hii 
ttmotrjaikii^     To  poUticSp  at  a  iciencc,  his' 
attcatioB  lUd  net  been  poini;ed ;  but  into  the. 
the  gre^t  events,  fucceifivcly  exhibited  on 
the  tbMatxs«[f  .^linpe,  he  enquired  with  that, 
ardour  »f  Micattf4^»  which  U  genrral^y  cha- 
r^%ifticnfthe-9ian,  longpra^fcd  in  the 
aft'Ursy  and  daefly  iaittcAcd  in  th^  revolu-- 
tJmSf  f^t^  wprld*  .  Aiiaypy  fund  of  native 
humour  lie  frequently  difplayed.    On  an^jf*. 
fol^e^Y  wUh^nriyc^hf  wac.acquaintcd^  he 
€«uM  ipcak  OTfttmpofc  with  readinefs,  with 
«aevgy,  -with  vivacity  of  conception*   and, 
with  nc^num  dq|rpe  nf  pDpricXy*    Of  hli 
icowicif  rjmiilfUfy  u  «  C^t^kn,  as  thk  it  a 


habit  Xuf^ 
if  wou1(fy  in^ 
fofniCil^6o'eli 

dr^d  aeVon:^llHi%SiV;  'w'^fiA^e<%5d<ii(faei> 
lonjjer'afchfnded,  Ihtlt  tetti«li»i^ftr^fin  1# 
learn.  When  h^. recited  from  mejnoff-J-jW 
a'fmari  clrdfc  of  retlWdfei  'ot  ■fHlri»;*Ar 
compofiribn  tn  'prift'  or'pd<ftrJjJ?*ifk*Wf 
Mvery  Was'lilghlf  iwer^fMrt^*  A?  <fn^i0 
five,  and  commanded  appro.batjon :  .;f(?r'Wr 
poflrefre^''4  '  ftjenrtry",-  'accurafe  '^^i^l*  'fc^- " 
tlycj  a  promptitude  and  p^rfp4t\iity"dr  " 
cerntetht  i  a«4on-  Varfed,  'gracfffuK' '  mfk 


fully  modulated,  anf  urtittnj  ^JWi^ -ftr*rti(i» 
toTuftXifaar/Vi^emifs :  and  ft  w«i  dflSttiffto 


«hcide,  '^htthir  he  excelled  1ft  foftn^^or^ 
energy,  in  fcpettipg  the  ealiri  pMloftiWft^V 
didactic  coiiii^tJfMon,  orthoft  orjrttr|ii*!ije*i<f 
of  wit.  Such  were  the  priTidpal  afcqiiiflftS . 
dr  Thomas  Oarrat.  WhetTfcatchl|d-b^  Akh 
from  his  friends^  he  was  no?  •ij^cxrs^'iri'l 
half  old.  Attached  to  liferararc'arBcWiu 
he  eofifinsd  nor  Himfrff  iWtKin'itj  BrnlSS 
Into  the  caufciof ''th%s  He  WiS  engert*  jpl^ 
aetrite.  ftttemj!'  narurs  had,  l^  hh  BftSp 
numerous  charmf ;  .^r^-!  fri  AvttiMcd  impexf* 
ancMlind  produils  apteafM  tdjhlrttt^  Wnftinl 
ftiVelllgatioh.  «fhathcVotrM  hdiwft*rteNrtf 
viewed  human  nature,  alfo  with  a  pencttfe? 
I'ng  gltnct,  xnd  haVe  riicefy^dffcrlMfinWcJ'fc* 
varyieg  proportions  of  light  and  jhade  iNlIlff 
ftfrtht  charaftdfsj  hh  tjfcferyirtWis  ^  <«RSfrlr 
tfcinoid.  '  ••  »  -  .  s  >'r  ,^ 
'Tlrft^e  Was'etelnMit  (br  indttflt^/'^^ifllP 
ferhapt.  he  coi^lnded.  But,  thmtglt  ihil  btf 
an  '^comhim^  V  which  hr  had  not  xny»p6Ai- 
liar  claim,  Ms  induftr^,  withl».W4;  Utf 
ei^teea  months  of  h^s  Iif*;,  was  coafidmM^ 
Bct^cA-'j  and  hb  was  t!n  ihorr  efti&abte 
for  the  qualities  of  the  heart,  than  for  thai? 
Of  the  tfntfcrft'andln^.  "Hl«  'genera!^  BHfca^ 
viour  {aftd  thjV  is  a  Rappy  mediurti  rarrfy*at< 
Ciined  to  In  the  dawn  6t'  iTfe)  'Sjli^s  e^tfally 
remote  frofii  the  baflifalneA- whkK  ^e6h^ 
certi,  andfVorii  thd  cotiftdencfe  WHkh  etatH.' 
Thbn^  Wgl^ly  atcdniplfflled;  'lHr%5t' diflIP 
tute  of  l>ridi  J  thojjgh  ambitious  of-Jrafflbj  ht 
was  perfc6tty  free'  fr&m  cttvy-«ad  jealhiiy  j 
whilft  fprightty  Iti  hil  Convid^tion/'  aM^fiiy* 
in  his  di/polUlon,  his  chtraftei^  v»  Mrttatfcdi 
by  pi(^f  >,  and  he  M  'a  Ih-oftg'coaiir^dwHi  •# 
th(f  linpoftaoct  of  virtare,  0«netv^tf  an# 
difintere(tedne& pre^6xninatbJ  Itthh  coninA^- 
andgr^itnde,  U  hig  bftaft,  was  a  prtflcipij» 
of  vigorous- operation.  Byrgivefieft,  tn  oM 
of  any  injury  or  l^nt,  whether  fuppefctf  *•# 
real,  appeared  to  be  in  hhn  a  vittae,  fMrthv 
praaiceof  which  no  efl^drtr-waf  re^ilHke/ '  Hft 
was  £fac<efyl  and  attraAWeis-ftit  maniKfsv 
his  ilo^  of  fpirita  was  fdrcdy  ewf  {Wb)ca 
either  to  lanjpior  or  to  intenbU&M  ?  aod  hf 
facrn^  forward  td  enjor,  «nd  t»  eommtmi-  . 
cau,  pleafiire*  -Cold  indifference  t»tk»inf9* 
relb  cf  ochen  was  i  ftnmgerto  Ills  boUtn  | 
the  quitkntff  of  his  tread,  the  tneminiicinft 
of  hii  hc$^  and  th«  cxpreflton  of  hii  -tin* 


3a8 


/»I7v>3^ 


cvtef  oAan  taBOv«ceJy'  to  kis  relttiani 
•miiiiur  firiaod^^  Jnt-waranck  of  atttfchmcfnt 
«^ct9tilaB<^t0t  olAigc ;  tadrmaiU.  kideed,' 
ii  the  number  o£dloi^e,  whom  dil'c4fe  htA  tikC* 
dosffn  fQ-c^riii  in  tilt  fpsiftg^^U6,'fHlb  «ill 
fte  remembered  wttil  e^ui)  ^derftefn  b^  «n 
tqiudly  lu^e-^feruoa  of  (kcir  ac<ittakrt<Lrt6e. 
Sttt  his  vxodiU9cet<(ti^  iicic  g«ne«»ts  fa^Mtie'* 
9£&,  Moral  improvement  was  with  Kim  ao 
^hjfiGt  df  fttiotn  ii)A  not  an  unfrtsciuciit  niedi* 
Cation ;  anilie  had,  in  fa^,  within  th«  Iaftewi«( 
ycMci)  madt  pcitepcible  pcogrela  in  the  c«I*-. 
dvMios  of  iBVoral  virtues. 

The  nature  alfo  of  hit  ami/mer^,  or  tlid 


r^e a« fenfcsl  nftd k«^ftrifl6li8 HgMe^ 
ter.  *  tlie  «en,  tile  ^^1^  -llfc?  caiisCbbiiJ& 
and  the  t6ol«  of  th«  ta^Jit^  Wtf^jr  W 
hegarded  equally  as  tH«{a^^eatii1kf>aimi|e^^ 
mcnt }  and  the  atlati  and^ihe^o^  tlfe  fino* 
itjettr  and  t1tei^hennua^etof»eMbj^  ih  Nvtafaj^ 
fopptled  him  with  ciit«ftai4ttefic  HiSbc 
di-awmgk  whldi  Iw  etccwKod,  foad^itei  m«^ 
^iiKhed  #3rlK,  and  ibmiiidaiev  Wt^ttoA  dda 
ordlnar/rapUlGy)  taA^'ajM  'Keitite^ece  ^u 
coverablcy  n«^  did  he  ttciS  hi  difkj&ct^ 
two  walks  of  the  artrki  !lhc-^ffie^t  p^e 
of  chefs,  though  c^poto  byvarloot  dottipe- 


^  , titor^y  and  byfotoeof  long  <«}>et9ei!ce  and 

„  in  which  he  entered  into  t^em,  indi'     tH«d  ikill,  he  iMs  S^ly  cdnq«ei<ed'S  ittd  bk 

the  bright  or  the  amiable  qualities  of    hand- writing,  in eafe,  in  dccibon of  abaraSer, 

Jus  snind)  and,  when  viewed  In  tonnealon     in  ex<}uilite  hUoty,  wak  Aitf^e^'by^er^ 

few  men  0^ the  Ito0ftucknow2«^dd  oniioenDe 
in  penmanihip.  But  his  fede^^opdonotllic 
auttuiementti  no  More  than  his  ft«dWf|  weri; 
permitted  to  impair  the  Houtnefoof  liH  Knobs, 
checlearAoIs  ofhfo  coinplexfon,  Wtbe  erloi- 
Ijpn  colour  of  his  cheeks.  Of  garddnin^  be 
viras  pecntiavly  fbnd» '  Carelefu  df  facgoe, 
and  ^atiant  of  hMt  aiid  coM,  ht  ift^mwi 
time  in  the  o^en  air^  difc(ivefiiig,  ^  id  rr- 
creat&onBy  ''an  «iic«mi)iotittar^  dt'  unkbttion 
and  a&ivity,  of  coufuge  and^  a  fpmt  of  etter* 
prise;  and,. whcRho waf'oieT«ly'wilkmg, 
hia  tafte  waa  paitiicolaily  dHjplayed  id  bk  . 
remarks  oa  the  pidurcfque  ohjtids  aad  t&e 
fuatotod  with'theliniatioci  of  a  nunittcC  giow'kig  tints  of  the  diltafitlandfoaM^anllus 
he  coaftellatioos  aAd  of  many  fingla  ftart,  he-  vigilant  curiofity  #aa  particuhrf^  ea^tsd  Vf 
fointad  to  tkeg}  with  uu  admitabia  degiee  of  the  divcrfities  of  the  infc£l-trib«>  and  by  tht 
celerity.  Having  melted  pUces  of  glal's,  he  varied  pradu^as  al  the  vegetable  world. 
^jideavottied  to  polslh  them,  that^they  night  .     , ,  ^.  ' 


vnth  his  foll.^  acquirtdobs,  jultified  the  con*' 
fluiioii,  that  he  exXibitod  th6  probable  pce-^ 
6ges,  and  iohcribed  the  genuine  ftamina,  of 
fiituie  .greatnefs.  Among  the  methods  of 
leUxatlen,  which  h4s  own  inclination  pointed 
qut,  were  mxfceilaneoua  reading  and  r&tioaal 
converfatioA  t  in  the  fonoef ,  his  choice  of 
bpok»y  is  the  Uttef,  tlie-  queiHoos  ho  pro«^ 
fofed>  the  anecdotes  he  ruiated,  the  argu- 
meats  he  tir|;rd,  evinced  hia  onufual  rlpeuefo 
df  Intellea  and  verfiittUty  of  taknta.  Pof- 
tcffed  of  a  weU-difdpUnod  eye,  .and  a  ftcady 
%and^  iie  was  iinguUrly  dez«croua  in  the  ufe- 
«f  ^  refradiug  telofcope  ^   and,  being  ac« 

s: 


To  THX  EpITOIt  Of  TKt  MoKTHir  MACAf  INt^ 

.SIR*,  .       .        Bo9toX»  lMt..I^S. 

YJ^£  Soiar  Spot  h»s  been  Cecn  by  me  again,  in-its  lourth  revoUtioo  (thrU»f  vfhTchl  Jttw 
*    obfcrveJ)  fince  I  firft  fawit,  thciftofUecethber.  ,  ••'. 

'  I  again  viewed  it  on  the  Mth,  and  apprehend  it  will  be  of  the  Fidv  the  ^<t, ', 
'  tt  remains  tery  round,  opake,  and  well  deiaed*.    X  thkk  ikcf^  U.fiCtlt  doubt  ^.ks  it* 

rfjppcarii^aboutthe  J2th  or  fjthof  April.         ^  .    . 

^  J!hb  lUiir  rtcthed  ut  too  late  u  af^ar  m  kt  fff^ptr  pilam. 

MONTHLY  ACRlC^bfrURAL  RIPORT. 

THE  bufineft  of  Agriculture  has  gone  ditVikh  unufual  rabidity  tdtirmg  the  WWe  of  t!i« 
^efent  mouthy  conftquerttly  much  grain  has  b<en  foWft,  ef6cchiMy»ln  tfteifii^tod  sad 
ibiftthatadlftridfi.  H  the  northern  counties  the  weathtr  has  not  h€en  qtfkij'tD'firWttatte 
linr  the  operations  of  the  farmer.  The  flFbfty  nights  and  eafterlyvrtrtdt  fcave|  hi^^^gatt- 
1^€tiy.  been  hiJUrlot^s,  ihofa^K  nod  fo  mufrh  foaaweul'd  Ibv^e  beerf  Aecafcv  JliidWeA:'|t*U« 
ftnwers  ocdafioiUlly  Tnterveried,  But  cv^n  in  tHefe  parts  of  tKe  klngdAiij,  tW'fo^ifiiA  * «^ 
«»d  bailey  has  commehcea  on  the  dry  and  Warm  iToRs.  Moft  of  out  repfttterd' patpciUarlf 
notice  the  pfowiflogappeafantes  of  the  wheat  c/op.  "  '".    " '^    *'  •' 

OfcAii»fcertisobth«wK<jktobeanctl€on'thbrtftt    Ofwiittti  the  rmn^iirw^ 


ifeef  avenigeii  In  Smlth^ld  MaVket  from  Is.  fid  43.  6er  ^one  6f^-yi(.  'imA^pnSSok^  fi^ 
,t.4d.  tti43.6d.  -   .  *      -     ^    ^   .'     •    ::'.-^t     r  • ; .  ^u.i    . 

Hay  fetcl^cs  in  St,  JamttTs  M'aAW  frortr^As.  t*  4«y.  aud-Stfraw  frtMrM:'^.  ^^Vi"  " 

Ta  Cos  1 1  s  f  o  x>  D  £  KT8.  Manf  iMterki  tf  tettth  the  ^fiaits  arg  'iiit'*ft^^  ^>tf 'trtilktf  n 
jit  Vtfi-pffce,  Ojer^^^Afrkuhvnet  Ftpo^tcfi  are  ret^tfni  to  'tramfiSr^'iBSf  • /(ifcteMri'-dfbiKfr  %*f  4 
ike  Nkklh.  '  Sttl&al  ^^SbiUbli^umtiuticMtkni  4a^e  •^/^M/;  g»  mfrnjum  jpi^  y [lijlffi'  'fiHf* 
ti4«cr«vc  the  indvlgtut  of  many  eficemed  CorreJ^otulii^f,   •  - .  v '—  •-;*:.»-  i.{  l:  ^  .- 


PRQVINCIAL   OCCU.RR.ENC5S. 


KMTR1tM9S»tAiI9  AKD  OttHHAM. 
5^^  Wif .  WM^X  ^f^  ^<Ht2Xi  ^  tfaie  Law- 

oter.  A,  P;,a^^^.P,nKv  Y^I^oFloi^aua  ?« 
OQnuiv  •■  viguia  :QuUt»ri9,  -  <l«esu,a  ,uptiv^9i 

ibtue.  A^xhe^s^^ta  of  thotj^yi^C  Tyt^e,  ]ui| 

4^f««-thP.pl«»  Wiie(Um9«»SWflRiB  for 
cDoihwcUi^  the  iz^a  bridge  ov««  ckc  Twceil^- 
at  KcJr9,.  U  apf»ir8»  ^l>?^.j|'i»  toconfiil  of 

ftoiK.ar«he«(<taika  ttonh  i«k» 

.  AXjU^iifm^Mt*  Mi^hoisiMUmwoodi 

MG^tfihfoi,  j^r.WUUam.Xtf|^»QfN«w^ 
tiikUt  C9  Mifi  WAllcinfon. 

|Kfr4f(n«,^>  N«wc«AU»  «•  JMiia  J<>»e  i»lt 

)yfy^ij||0^fr,  ... 

-AAiUnf  hfuflcy*  tb|B  ReT4  MTi^  Ql^llftiUt 
Co  Mrs.  Batey. 

M  PiUnAaW,  Mr,  William  Ptetffoj^.ta 
>fi(s  Ranfon. 

Ac  £|Uogl)aiii,  Mr.  jfohn  Aa4er{bft,  of 
Zlferdf  ro'MiO  Etmbletoa,  of  Branton. 
-  Oe^,^  At  N«wcaftU»  an  |he  7th  of 
March,  in  the  74th  year  of  Us  age,  JaoMC 
KubbaU,  efq^  |iegteMiiitrCK)loa«t  of  tUe  saA- 
em  battilioo  of  'Mtadleft]|  AMlitk,  a^ 
qiurtcred  in  that  town.  Mr.  Hubbald  W4S 
a  gentttfMfc  fafgkly  refpc6ti:d,  valued^  and 
^eloved^  by  every  officero^  cheresimeafi,  a# 
israU  -aS'  W-  Mcry  inili visual  who  iia4  the 
plczOtftot  hif  acquaintatuM'   h»  MEM  tl»|he' 

icoABt  for  iAc,GQup(y  of  Mi^c^ci^'  f n4  b^^ 
bc«a  Jic^ei»nt^cpl<)fte^  of  jjic  Ijbinf9  r^UJ- 
mtn^  upw1xd9.pt  ;i 5. ycv?.  •    ,       1  ..     .   ..  . 

^  Rf w^mUc,  In  ^^.  S;rd  yoiir.Qf  .hjl  4Se, 
Mr.  ^^^faf^  MtiCpl^y*  qae  of  tbii,  aI^j:o»V* 
9f  tbi  cot:^Q^tuJ^^  As  4  mf^^i^mc,  Jn^  W4^ 
jequslly  bplor'ei  and  refpe£lod»  and  the  gene- 
ral ti;nfi^Mii^,Ui(iB  vu  (w^^M  tq  I9p4<r 
Jiis  loii  werjiU  y  T««5«"c4.. .   -  ^ . 

At  the  lame  ^cc,  Mrs.  Purvii,  Mm.' 
^jartstbi^.  ry-Aifd.  6|».|4r.,IUbm  CouUcc> 
scczi^liaaf^iP^JjiilaqivfeUii  Mrs.  W«4heir 
py,  nsiij^ftti  gf  c^e  Butcher's  Arms  paJlM- 


USa^mi^^  Nei;caft;c^^UrIUthQ»  .«£|, 
•«)r$L#  4w4^vfft-^  ranlatlog  captain  of 

^ji^ed  ioa liHb  of  duty,  YfhXzti i^l acvorrff 4 . 


wi^k  hi»  native  g(wdQc(a  af  hetrt,  the  JI. 

heraUty  tnd  |ibi|aait|^rQ||r^^wUch  afuformli^ 

cHara^cMFif^  bi$«oiidu«,*«tQdtt«dkim  nn^ 

vsrAUy  bel0yadv/»9d,bii  dcoitkwtt^fimcrtair 

]fmen<4dby.aU9vhokivew&iin*.       .    v  •    ■ 

^.Ai^Jt^9ji^:dnirikP(iUAa«'Mrt.SiplAsw»  > 

,.AK  9enwfIK  Mtu:Vs>4M.'  .       « 

iil  MaAanij  nut  Bc<Ui}e».  Mrs-  •Cbiv:M)qfc^ 

^j(  Hebroa,*  o«at  iblQrpcth«  Mr.  WiUiaai 

Ti^hu       ....  .      .     '  i* 

At  Gre9iksu»»  Mn*  MargAiet  BctVifc, 
M»»H4rp4r.         .    *     .      .'     '  .       ., 

,6(^M»<&(«AJ|Q    aii»  WKITMai«|*AH»*  ft 

After  a  feries  of  loog  afid  laxi^tti  Attesopta^ 
tIttnM  wkit  aa  i|nmeaft  OKpence  to  feba 
frQprie;:or»  (Mr,  Cnrwen)  the  inkabiFiQls  ^ 
WotlungtPA  ^erc  kigkly  gratified  oo  «hs 
night  of  the  19th.  inftjott  bytKe^nnoiroco^ 
tDent*  idch  ringing  of  ckc  l;|vUs»  of  coil  faa-t 
ioggoC  At  (/«;&«  pitf  u  ihtikptb  of  $Z£i^ 
tUanii.  Xki4  iliuit  b4&  bem  funk  with  great" 
4i^vUty»  CO  coaMuvnicACe  with  Cb^lS^ 
^iiiery,  but  to  the  e4(lwtr4  U  a  dyke  ki^ 
t^ertQ  unexpired*  The  accompliihtneot  oC 
tjtu9  gcand  ol^c^  qpens  a  Uxx  profpeft  to  Ai| 
iii<:^l«iiiableinccea&. or  trade  and  frot^l^ 
to  tkistowiki  aad  the  otnordiovy  ffiEie£<« 
tioas  af  tha  workoBCit  Arongl^  iQiark  Ckei^ 
ijei^feof  ittvad  impoctaoca.  Fronx  moUvaii 
«if  refpa^  to  tkc  4Ayf  wkick  pcodwei  «b^ 
eitentf.  that»  ia  its  coafe^ueocety  oauft  P^Qi^ 
Ueoefi^ija  to  tkouOuids*  «a  well  a$  ta  c 
meat  ta  the  iiiVcr  kuigdomf  whick  (k 
ia  S^e^K  t  cooittokp^'mn  of  the  article^  tke  v 
fkiJi  «hac  i$  Caok.  in^kis  aollie^f  will  beacck* 
iMme  of  Patri<k*»  ibafu        •  .     . 

..A  plan  has  been^ adopted  for  makiag  verf 
.  great  Improycments  in  the  town  of  Woik^* 
in;;ton.  There  is  to  fee  OQC  pri;)cipal  ftrect^ 
fixteen  yards  in  brcaJth,  flagged  oaeackGd^ 
to  the  depth  of  Gx  feet,  for  the  cosfveaienc^ 
of  foot  p^UTengers.  Scveml  crofs  Ardct)  &« 
to  be  fortte&Ii  tO  comtuunirats;  ut  fu^.tubl^ 
^tftao^s,  with  tke  prefenC  ftrects.  SacH  i« 
tke  prcfent  Spirit  of  buildiag  in  this  town^ 
tbartVee  cant][decable  pbti'of  groand^  al^ 
loCcd  for  tiie  above  purpofcs,  have  bceii 
seated  wich^ao  avidity  IkorJcrln^  onrivalikip. 

JlfLiwW.]  At  Hcvctiham,^  acas  Kendal^ 
Mr^CkciftaplMrAikcx,  to  MifsWatfoii,  of 
P.irk-houfc. 

Tlic  reverend  M;;,  Do'^i,  of  A4*> 
trla,  in.  Cuijnberlitnd,  to  MiCi  4*Ur|.  C<W^ 
Rick.   _  •  •  , 

At  ^ar^ington^  Mr.  plenty  Eilbcck^  our 
ibp^  to  Mil's  MUIcr.'  Mr.  WiUi.un.  Cfll«illi^. 
fji4rnicr4.'to  Mifs  MACgi^ret  Gl^iiUT..  , 

X?/«iJ  At  V^hitch^ven,  in  the  yrtmc  qf 
lifcj.pp^-.i"CceH  BcU..  In  her  ,s5;K  yc»r^" 
Aif4.  J^nc  \Y9i>2».  ^uideniy-,.  in  a!  vci^  44r 
^vaijccd  agc^,  Mrs  JUivi^,  Cwlvi^  ..  j^itf^ 
.Whitcl^ck^     .       .     '        .       '  .    T 

;\t  P^fy^allUA  ^v  Cockcrjgiwt!^  \^  xji$ 
%t4  year  ot*  Kcr  age,  Mifs  S^r^h  Kx;;k«^'  '., 
.,  4*Wprj(^n^9»»ftilfst.F;wxpry  iivta.    ,  *• 

Ac  Scaw,  hear  Hifiin-tonj  Mca.„'i[b^J3l^ 

,..At.Cari^   f'j<idic^lyf    >ii    tb«    m;«w: 


%V) 


CttmhirUnd  and  Wefim9rdand,.,.T9ri]hiri. 


£gey  Mit.  Hannah  Rarrifoii.  Aged  94^  Mr. 
Thomas  Dennifon.  In  her  6Sth  year,  Mrs. 
Mn^le,  of  the  Grapes  inA.^  Mr.  Norman, 
liit-niami6i^rcr.  In  the  prime  of  life,  Mr* 
J«hn  Atkinfon. 

'At  the  fame  pUee,  in  the  67th  year  6f 
liisage,  Mr.Jofcph  Strong.  This  very  lin- 
fuiar  man,  vhofe  extraordinary  talents  hsive 
Been  long  the  theme  of  admintion,  was  Ulnd 
Irom  his  infancy  \  yet  notivithilaiiding  this 
aaturaHe^d,  he  diftiogiiiiked  himfelf  by  a 
wonderful  proficiency  in  mechanics.  At  a 
▼ery  early  age,  he  conftwded  an  Organ,  whh- 
•ut  any  other  knowledge  of  this  inftnimcjit 
than  what  he  acquired  by  fecreting  himfelf 
in  the  cathedral  after  evening  fcrrice ;  and 
thereby  getting  an  opportunity  of  examining 
the  mcchanifm.  His  firft  produ^ion  m  this 
luKy  chocgh  imperfed,  was  a  work  traly 
fcrprifmg  for  a  blind  artift.    It  was  origina!!/ 

Ittrchafed  by  a  merchant  at  DougUs,  in  the 
Cc  of  Man,  and  is  now  in  the  pofleffion  of  a 
^ntleman  in  Dublin,  who  prcferres  it  as  a 
valaablc  curioftty.  Having  difpofed  of  his 
«rgan,  he  made  another,  upon  wliich  he  was 
ikccnftomed  io  play.  By  the  time  he  was 
twenty  years  of  age,  he  had  made  himfelf 
•Iraoft  every  article  of  dnfs.  The  firft  pair 
$i  flioes  he  ever  finiflied  was  for  the  purpofe 
«f  walking  to  London,  to  rifit  the  celebrated 
Mr.  Stanley,  organift  of  the  Temple  ehnreh. 
This  vifit  he  a^hially  paid,  and  was  higlilj 
gratified  with  his  excurfion.  He  indufged  his 
aatura!  prcdfledion  to  the  mechanical  arts,  in^ 
making «  gre*t  variety  of  miniature  figures 
tad  machines,  befides  almoft  every  article  of 
hotifdiold  furniture.  Thefe  amufements, 
however,  did  not  prevent  his  following,  with 
treat  aflidoity,  the  bufinefs  of  a  weaver,  in 
which  he  was  an  excellent  workman.  The 
fowefs  of  his  mind  were  amazingly  ftrong, 
•ndhad  his  genius  been  property  cultivated  in 
early  iife«  it  is  more  than  probable,  that  he 
would  have  ranked  among  the  foteinoft  of 
thofe,  who,  deprived  of  theineftimablc  fenfe 
of  vifion,  have  nevcrthelefs  foared  with  eagle 
iving,  *<  beyond  the  vifible  diurnal  inhere. *^ 
Till  within  a  few  months  of  his  deceafe,  he 
was  a  conffawt  attendant  at  the  cathedra)  \  but 
not  being  able  to  accompany  the  choir  in 
chanting  the  p&Jma,  he  compofed  feveral 
hymna,  in  a  meafure  which  corrcfpondcd 
with  chem'iific,  and  which  he  fuhftituted,  its 
an  ad  of  private  devotion,  during  the  per<* 
fecBianceof  that  part  of  the  public  fcrvice. 
VTe  do  not  know  vrhcther  any  prribn  was  at- 
tentive enough  to  copy  thefe  pious  efititigna. 
Which  were  certainly  refpc6<ible,  from  the 
Intentioo  which. didated  them  i  auid  lor  th* 
obtaining  of  which  lie  aiTorded  axwple  oppor- 
tunity, as.  they  generally  conilitutcd  a  pact 
of  his  mufical  performances  before  ftrangers, 
«id  indeed  that  part  upon>vhich  he  fee  the 
grcateft  value.  He  mitrried  at  Vbe  ape  of  %^ 
and  iiad  fevers!  children^  fome  of  nAom-are 
tHU  living 

At  Wbiteluven,^  Mrs.  Dorelhy  Hodgfon. 
Al(^,  a'ged  83,  Thomas  Lutwidgt,  ef<^.  He 
'icce|$ed  the  grenadier -company  ift  the  Ca22k* 


bcrland  mititSa,  when  firft  raTfed|  was  In  die 
cemmmioii  of  the  peace  40  ye»»  5  fervcd  tlu 
office  of  AeriflT  in  176^  i  a6ed  as  a  fcpory 
lieutenant  tilT  nearly  fourscore;  ferrcd 
AMuiy  years  as  a  truftes  of  the  hailoim  itA 
tonipilecs,  and  neg!e€led  no  opportunity  ef 
rendering  himfelf  ufefiit  to  his  coontry.  1q 
private  life,  he  was  mild,  aftabk,  aiid  )»• 
maae  ;  and  a  generous,  though  noteftcao* 
tiMis  benefiidor  to  the  poor. 

At  LinAodc,  near  Carlifle,  aged  sy^  Ifr. 
John  Donald. 

At  Workington,  Mrs.  Ifabclla  iHcklnren. 

At  Sunderland,  \m  the  3tft  year  of  his 
•gc,  Mr.  Robert  Clark,  furgcott. 

At  Talliagtht,  •%tA  75,  Mia.  Aaoi  I>oJ|.* 
Cap. 

At  tMnMignafD,  ogeo  T^«  9ffa  Tmms 
Wylle. 

rostxsKitc* 

Mwrried,']    At  York,  Mr.  hfichiel  Bell, 

to  Mils  Couplaad.    Lieutenant  Blackwood, 

of  the  4.6th  regiment  of  fo«t,  to  Mifs  Fair. 

*  horn.     Mr.  Hawker^  of  the  12th  rrgistitc 

of  light  dragooDSy  to  MiO  Fnmces  Cri^$. 

At  Leeds,  hit,  Charles  Clapham^  te  Mifi 
Pike.  Mr.  William  Smith,  to  Mlf&  Elin. 
bcth  Diokfim:  Mr.  Thosuaa  Benyoo,  (» 
Mifs  Dal  ten. 

At  Hull,  Wifiiam  Dent,  cfi^.  of  the  ISet- 
ihumberlajidmtU^ia,  toMiia  ftimford,  of  tts 
Georve  inn.  Mr.  Bulmer^  frip-buiMcr,  ts 
MifsMabb. 

At  Norton,  near  ShelficM,  Mr.An^cr* 
ton,  to  Mifs  Thompf<»n,  cldeft  daughter 
of  Mr.  Thompfoa,  at  th»  Saracen*9  Hei(i, 
Newarjc. 

By  fpecial  licence,  at  the  feat  of  the  arl 
of  Scarborough,  Winchecombe  Henry  Hart- 
Hy,  efq.  barrifter  at  law,  to  the  ri^bc  hoc. 
lady  Lottifa  Lumiey. 

Ar^.]  At  York,  aged  ^,  Mr:  Chrif.o- 
phcr  Bearpack.  Mrs.  Scott.  Mr.  Rcbm 
Tayfor.  Mr.  Bell,  of  iho  DoJfeVHcjd 
co^e^houfe. 

At  Leeds,  Mr.  Kichard  Crofr^nd,  naftv 
of  the  Leeds  hotel.  Mr.  panic  1  Smitb,  for- 
merly a  Mfpe^ble  booklellcr  in  this  toun. 

At  the  fame  place,  Mr.  Henry  SmithJfm. 

At  Hull,  fuddenly,  in  the  yiftyoar  oi  hi| 
Hge,  Mr.  Ralph  Darling,  an  aldrmunof  cbe 
corporation.  As  a  fajgiHtat^,  bo  was  c^ui'.'y 
dIftloguUhcd  by  his  i^ity,  and  hi|  a^iv< 
attention  to  the  duties  of  ids  ^f^tct. 

At  Hull,  Mr.  FniBcls  Jack-ioo,  an  uaJer- 
writer,  ^u  Eaton*  Surgeon.  AMo  the  ia: 
fast  fen  attd  heir  of  Mr.  C.  £.  Broa^ley. 

At  Vr&ui8»  nearWhithy,  op  the  tithof 
March >  the  inaa  ufually  aaiplo|cd  at  tke 
]«me«kllj)y  was  found  dead  in  hid,*  at  the  fiii 
•of  his  breatUlp^  wifi:,  in  whofii  asms  wtf 
laid  o  fine  child,  (boxuiogly  ia  xhtwSlXuU  ^ 
iaipl«ri«g  afitft^ncc  frofn'  ix»  lUkLifvy  mocha. 
In  the  ottioininiog  room  their  dan^c»  > 
girl  about  II  yeaaof  aft,  wu  fi«&d  lifek^ 
Tiii^  LamentibU  ocddcnt  laattrihtttadiotbi 
pefUieroos  y4^«iiui  adfiftg  ftbm  the  kiln. 

Bv  Che  ovuxCetting  of  »  boAC#  hokmginB  ta 
the  AiHDcaBoa  aua  uf  «»» l^iMflB  Whi» 

9¥k 


LancaJhire...,ChiJhire,..J),erhyJhire. 


231 


Booth  rmisy  Mr.  Jofeph  Lemon,  midftrfpin>n» 
an(i  lAt.^  Wm.  Chambers,  coxfwain. 

At  Br^oniy  in  an  apoplc^ic  ^c,  Mr. 
Jjznes  CoufcA,  formerly  a  cooAderable  doth- 
dreiTer  and  wooUen-draper. 

AtHowden,  aged  64,  Mr.  William  Locke^ 
bookicilcn  Mr.  Thomas  Scholcacld,  at-* 
torocy. 

Ac  Hemfwortb,  near  Poncefradl,  Mn. 
Aliott. 

At  Aldborough,  near  Maiham,  James 
HuUnn,.  efq. 

.  At  Sheffield^  a  young  mu»  who  fervcd  in 
t!ic  ihop  of  Mi.  Cxfar  Jone^,  dnigj^ift,  in  the 
High*{lr£et.  He  was  engaged  in  making  ex* 
pcilmcncs  with  oil  of  vitriol,  when  he*tint( 
the  botde  to  a  great  degree,  it  fuddenlyburii» 
and  the  infl^immable  fpiric  inftantly  feC  fire  to 
hh  clothes.  After  he  had  in  vain  attempted 
to  eztiaguifh  the  fUnlej,  he  ran  into  the 
fttect  J  but,  notwithftanding  immediate  af* 
fiH^kUce  VIS  adminiftered,  his  limbs  were  fo 
dreadfully  fcorched  by  the  btenfe  heat  of  the 
flame&,  that  he  expired  in  the  moft  excrucU 
acing  agonies. 

LAVCASKIftX. 

An  unfortunate  difpute,  on  politics,  lately 
took  place  at  Preflon,  between  a  printer,  a 
book'binder,  and  three  cotton-fpinn?rs,which 
was  not  terminated  till  the  prioCer  and  one  of 
the  CQtCon>fpinners  were  killed,  by  being 
ilibbed  with  a  flurp  knife.  The  allailin  has 
been  comoutted  to  Lancafter  caftle,  to  take 
hift  trial  for  the  murder. 

A  fair  for  horned  cattle^  to  be  continued 
annually,  will  commence,  for  the  lirft  time, 
aC  Great  Ecclefton,  ten  miles  north  of  Prcf- 
ton,  oh  the  14th  day  of  April. 

MarriedJ]  At  Uvcrpool,  George  Brew 
Oump,  efq.  to  Mtfs  Ann  Zuill,  eldeft  daugh- 
ter of  Mr.  John  Zuill,  merchant.  Mr.  John 
Murpliy,  to  Mifs  Kelly.  Mr.  John  M^ 
mondfon,  to  Mifa  Aone  ponney.  Mr.  Den- 
ton, to  Mifs  BrownbiH.  Captain  MuUionj 
of  the  Amacree,  to  Mif:i  Maria  Kendall.  ' 

Ac  Manchefter,  Mr.  Thomas  Fildes»  to 
M'if*  El  Wood.  Mr.  E.  Thompfon,  to  Mift 
Miry  tAnderfon.  Mr.  James  Jackfon,  to 
Mils  Httlme,  of  HambleU^n.  Mr.  W.  Kat- 
cruf^,  to  Mifs  Ann  Owen.  Mr.  Thomas 
Kackden^  of  Sandbacii,  to  Mifs  Barker,  of 
M.incheftcr.  Mr.  Jolm  Brailey,  to  Jiife 
S&Inncr. '  Mr.  George .  Pccl|  to  Mifs  Re- 
^MCvca  Bjrlow. 

Died.'^  At  Liverpool,  it)  bis  20th  yetu> 
Mr.  Robert  Rewlcy,  ]un.  a  volunteer  in 
hi  Captain  Earlc^  cronpany.  Mrs*  Mitchell. 
After  J  loag3':Ufevete  illucfs,  borne  with  cx^ 
employ  fortitude,  ^lifs  Sarali  Owen^dAugli* 
ter  of  the  lilte  rev.  iUchard  Owen,  re£tur  oi 
KhoA;oryn,  Angkf«a.  Aged  60,  Mrs.  Grey. 
In  her  35th  year,  Mrs.  Alder.  Aged  f^ 
Mr.  AVilUait)  Coulthirll,  fdrnierly  anefflinent 
builder.  •  .In  the  »6sh  ywr  of  hii  age,  Mr. 
John  Miffcy.  ^if:i  24,  Mifs  Claytau.  Af- 
ter a  v*ry  qAi^ng  il?K2l;,  Mjfc  SmJ;  Oliver. 
In- her  67th  year,  Mr«.-M^y  Cr.ink.  iiui- 
^lenlf,'  Afr.  ThpiBpion^  ^ck-m4ftcr  of  the 
H>  11^  dock.  tnhi.  So:h  year.  Mi.  Jaiuci 
MoKTK.  Mac.  K'.  \Xl\. 


Appleton.    Agtd  91,  Mrs.  Kendall.    Mrs. 
Wright.     Mr.  John  Atlaft. 

At  Manchefter,  the  rev.  Maurice  Oriffith# 
D.  D.  fenior  fellow  of  Chrift^church  college, 
redor  of  St.  Mary*s  church,  suid  rural  dean 
of  Manchefter.  He  commenced  A.  M. 
1748,  and  was  admitted  to  the  degree  of 
D;  D.  1763. 

At  the  fame  place,  Mrs.  Kinder.  Mrs. 
Shaw.  Mr.  I.  Unley,  a  coach-proyrietor. 
Mr.  John  Thyer. 

At  PreftoHf  in  an  advanced  age^  Mr* 
Henry  Gardner. 

At  Walton-le-Dale,  Mr.  Jafeph  Hilton, 
innkeeper. 

At  Pitts  in  the  Moor,  in  h^  94tb  year, 
MH.  Elisabeth  Taylor. 

At  Salford,  Mifs  Kirkman.  Mrs.  Gregory. 

Likewife,  within  three  hours  of  each 
other,  a  venerable  pair,  who  had  been  wedded 
upwards  of  forty  years.  Being  in  poor  cir- 
cumftances,  the  eapeoee  of  the  funeral  was 
generouily  defrayed  by  fome  of  the  neigh- 
bours. 

Ac  Cheetham  Hill,  Mr.  B.  Lord. 

At  Whalley,  after  a  (hort  illnefs,  in  her 
3$th  year,  Mifs  Mercer. 

Suddenly,  Mr.  Alexander,  of  Colne;  He 
fell  down  on  the  road,  and  inftantly  expireda 
as  he  was  returning  from  Carr  Hall* 

At  Knutsford,  MI^b  llbcrwood. 

At  Lomafhaw,  in  an  apoplectic  fit,  at  % 
very  advanced  age,  Mr.  Richard  Agrovd. 

At  Huyton  Hall,  near  Cborl9y,.'or  a  con- 
fumption,  in  the  prime  of  life,  Mr.  Phillip 
Lewis  Rees,  fon  of  the  rev.  Dr.  Rees,  oi 
Hackney.  i 

At  Middlcwich,  Mrs.  Anniftea^,  wife  ot 
the  rev.  John  Armiftcad. 

CHttHIlZ. 

Married*']  At  Mciloo,  captain. Satlftiory, 
of  Tranmore,  to  Mifs  Ryland,  of  Moorfide. 

DtfV.]  AC  Chefter,  Mr.  Pacclfon  Ellames. 
Mifs  Colley.  Mrs.  Harrifon,  widow  of  tht 
late  Mr.  Job  Harrifon,  furgconi  Aged  75^ 
Mr.  John  Newell.  Mr.  James  Broadhurft, 
one  oi  the  aldarmen  for  the  city  <i(  Chefter. 
He  tvjs  an  able,  a^ve,  and  upright 
magiftrate. 

AtAldford,  Mr.  Li^Ktfoot. 

At  Congleton,  aged  64,  Mr.  Gariide,  an 
alderman  ot  tlie  corporation,  and  one  of  the 
afting  juliices. 

At  Tcnterday ,  Major  Parry,  of  the  Mo«t^ 
gomeryilurr  militia. 

At  Golden- Nook,  Mr.  Steele. 

Ac  Nar.twich,  in  his  60th  year,  Samuel 
Bariow,  elq.  a  juftice  of  the  peace  for  th« 
ci>uaty  of  Chefter. 

Miisi  Colley,  i>r  Churton  Heath. 
derbVshire. 

Marm'd.'}  At  Derby,  Mr.  Hcokinftm,  to 
Mir^Aokiiis. 

Mr.  G.  Uutchinfon,  jua.  of  Titknall,  to 

Miii  Ooudby,  of  lng>cby,  both  in  this  county. 

.  At   Vi^Jia,    near  Derby,    the  rev.    Jvha 

Sx.th,   A.M.  FcUovo  oi'  E;runiicl  College, 

CamLiidgf,  tj  MifsMllm-i,  daughter  at' (i.e 

l.t:t:  \Vili.ail4  TiiliiiiC*,  bf  AiJClwol  i'^tk. 

Hh 


23*      Ni^ttinghamJb{ri..,.^ttC^i^fB$re,i..RuHand:.^Lfi^ 


At  Chcftcrficld,  jthc  rev.  F.  Fojdow,  of 
Stayrlcy,  to  Mlfs  Janc^Utcr,  of  the  former 
place. 

'At  AiSourne,  Mr.  James  BIfljop,  jioficr, 
of*  Nottingluni,  to  Mifs  Pickock,  of  the  for- 
m,cr  place. 

'At  Ticknal,  Mr.  T.  Cope,  to  ^^l^s  Ortoji, 
of  Dei  by. 
*D;></.J  At  Derby,  aged  73,  Mrs.  Komlay. 

In  Derby  workhoufe,  aged^  104,  Henry 
Wilfcn. 

At>forton,  at  the  extraordinary  age  of 
103,  Mr.  T.  Jackfon. 

AtRiiley,  Mrs.O)ckcr. 

NoTTINOHAMftHIJlE. 

MarrUd.'l  At  Newark-,  Mr.  R.  Franks, 
to  Mifs  i>.n  Wright.  Mr.  John  Clark,  to 
Afifs  Grcseii,  of  Bennin'gton,  LlncolDfhirc. 

Died,']  .  At  Nottingliam,  Mr.  Marlow, 
hoficr.  After  a  lingering  illncls,  Mr.  Mil- 
ijcr,  cabinet-maker. 

^  Aged  74,  Jofcph  SIkes,  efq.  one  of  hit 
mnjefty'9  jufticcs  of  the  peace  for  the  county 
of  Northampton,  ^d  fenior  alderman  of  the 
corporation  of  Newark.  He  fervcd  the  office 
f>f  mayor  three  fcveral  times,'  with  the  gene- 
ral approbation  of  his  feUow-w:itlzens  ^  vix. 
in  the  years  1756,  1767,  and  17S0. 

At  Newark)  after  a  long  and  feverc  ilU 
Jiefs,  which  he"  bore  with  manly  fortitude 
and  rcfignatioh,  William  Handly,  efq.  capt. 
ik  the  volunteer  infantry  of  that  town.  Few 
gcntlchien  ever  evinced  fuch  a  zealous  atten- 
tion to  the,poorf  and  his  houfe  may  truly  be 
iaid  to  have  been  an  afylum  for  the  diftrcireJ. 
Efe  was  rcriiarkablc  for  elegance  of  Aanncrs, 
and  th«  mo^  delicate  re6nement. 

LiNCOLNSHISl. 

Married  J]     At  Bcckingham,  after  a  court- 

ihip  of  two  hours,  Mr.  Robert  Smith,  aged 

£3,  to  Mifs  Ann  Lamb,   aged  €%.     Alfo, 

I     Mr.  Gibbons  Southerington,    aged  51,    to 

EleanorMarlhall,  aged  21. 

At  Stamford,  Mr.  Wm.  Henryfon,  to  Mift 
Charlotte  Stuuiton^  oiUy  daughter  of  the 
r«^.  Robert  Stourton. 

Dicd.'\  At  Lincoln,  in  his  67th  yfear, 
Nfr.Johti  Stainfield.  Aged  36,  Mr.  John 
Spalding,  mailer  /of  the  Angel  inn,  Ahove- 
iuU. 

At  Stamford,  Mrs.  Morgan.     In  his  75th 
year,  Mr.  Simeon  Taylor. 
..  AtWragby,  aged  63,   af-cr  a  lingering 
aisd'painfoi  illncfs,  Mrs. Rogerfon. 

At  Swinethorpe,  near  Lincoln,  aged  59, 
Mr.  John  Nott,  of  Bennington.     His  death 
•was  occafioncd  by  a  fail  from  a  ladder. 
,   '  In  his  ?oth  ye^r,  the  rev.  Mr.  Riynold^, 
rcftor  of  Barnoak,  near  Stamford. 

At  Waniket,.  a^jed  5^,  'Mrs.  Eliiatftfth 
Eland. 

At  Leake,  aged  66,  Mr.  Roben  £f  lf(5U, 
an  cmincuc  gv;v*icr  ai\d  auctioneer. 
'-  At  Holbccft,  agcdi  s^,  Chrli^opher  JohA- 
foo,  gent. 

At  Grantham,  agU  59,  Mr.  Tl^oinas  itaw- 
imfon. 

At  AUcnthorpe,  'near  To'clfltntiWti,  ttfe 
^CY.  V/illiia  Lay  ton,  vicar  of  that  plncc. 


Ht  was  eminently  diilio|tiifl|cd  by  bis  lite- 
rary attainments.  '     '    '       '■'    ;-    ^^ 

At  iMmbertani  Thd*^,"W  Ni»i|7i£i* yetr, 
Mr.  John  Clifton,  an  *optir<A&t  fffincr  and 
grazier*  .  \       t 

»trTLAK0.  '     ' 

t>itd']  At tJjpingham, Mr.  *&■,' iWdt* 
maker. 

At  Oakham,  Mifs  Berry.  '  After  4  ftort 
illoefsj  Mr.  Smith,  woolfbpier. 

At  Morcnt,  Mr.  Williaitt  Rodldii^  tWr^ 
Mrs.  Laxton.  ■;;-^' 

trrCTSTisaynitt.   '*] 

Marfigd.]  Atguom,  Mr.  far^iUoni  ti 
MiJiJowetr,  ofDfaycote.  *'  ,. 

At  Ravtnilone,  N.  Batf!dtt,  efql  ipajor 
of  brigade,  to  Bdifs  Brooke. 

At  Lutrleworth,  Mr.  Sxfiitlf,  df  liiceferj^ 
to  Mifs  £.  M.  Corral^  of  the  fom^yiace. 

At  Afhby-de-la-ZOtich,  Mr!  James  CaUtb, 
of  Stafford,  ^to  MSt  Mir/  Illis,.  <jf  the  for- 
mer place.    "  ■  '    ■      ' 

At  Wymoiidham,  Mr.  H^,  tbWR  E. 
Robinfon.  Mr.  James  Hitlckrds,  to  Mifs 
Leeder. 

Died,}  At  Leicefter;  Mr>  T.  'fl^dhotn. 
Mr.  *r.  Brawn,  inrortlcmrifier.  BW.'Rdbcrt 
Lefter,  officer  of  excife. 

At  Rearlby,  M^.  Rllbj^,  aa  ^aUoe  gta- 
aicr. 

At  AAbT-de-iat-Zottcb,  Mf:  WtiiTteHy, 
carpenter. 

At  Bdttesford,  K<.'Moggs,  *ai!'#b}^y 
farmer. 

STAnroaDSfrltK. 

Married:]  At  Stafford,  Mr.  Wakeman, 
mudcian,  to  Mrs.  R.  Stanton^  df^Qys  Staf- 
ford company  of  comecfiant.   '    ' 

Mr.  Thomas  Smith,  hnottt '  €t  SUiitoa, 
to  Mifs  Thompfon. 

Died.\  At  Stafford,  aged  Ji,  Bfi«.  Lee, 
Wifeof  FrandsLcc,  gent.       '"     '* 

At  Wolverhampton,  Mr.  WUIIaoi  Wid- 
dams. 

WAKWtCKSirtRY.  ' 

Married.]  At  Binuhighixn;  'Mi?.  WlUiam 
Sjcndcr  to  Mift  Bratt.  Mr.  WxIlikniTltfyne, 
of  Great  Barr,  to  Mifs  Sarah  Claric.  Mr. 
George  Cockle  t^  Mifs  Atat.  Mr.  Higgini 
to  Mrs.  Underill.  Mr.  Bartholbniew  Rod« 
ftm.  jnn.  to  Mifs  Ana'Cottcrilt.   ' 

Mr.  Wthftftcr,  of  AthiiCtamf;  to  Mifi 
CMnmbeil,  ofDferbyV  ' 

At  Handfworth,  Mr.  Willterf  Utiles,  of 
Little  Aftofi,  i6  MffV  Vickcri,  bif  dte  for* 
mcr  place.  Mr."  Abrtoto  Robert, '  ^ia£Ie> 
maker,  toMifsNajdcyWoodtbclL 

pier/.]  At  BlrtnThghjan,  in  Her  ^Sth  year, 
Mrs.  Mat)'  PortcT,'a  Very  ainhiMe  nJaMeolaJ;. 
Mr.Thomdff  Beddoes.'^  Wr4:  l>ttplan.  Mr. 
E±.vItA  Priismin.  Ift  hit  '9^tR  y^»r,  Mrti 
Ana  Cope.  Mr.  Thottas^ti^fe^eM,  detk 
toMr.  Hcflland.* 

At  the  Aniz  pbc*,  hi  1idry%Ai  ¥«r,  ftfo. 
If.Tbrlb  milzf,  tv1dt>#dt"fKe1AelHh-Ws 
Miliar,  ih^^  m6Wtt  \Sf  tii"  fcl^cftait  fo.  J. 
MrMsfj  limnt»raif3'!!^4J*kia'fWA^.^ 
'  •■  At  Oovetirty';  ^^  ^i'Mf^^^cxf^  iSXtty, 
Mn.  Hogwooi    wii'c  cf  Mr.  D.  &  HogvooJ, 

lite 


Shr9fJbiT^...Jf^9rt€/firJhire,,..Herffh^^  ajj 


hte  nailer  of  St.   Mkhaers  wprkxHife,  in 

t%.9Vr  •  ^  ^^  P^  H^ .  ^  '^*  ^^* 

Cviri^,  j0fs.  Adcock.  . 

After  a  lingering  tllnei!$,  Vome  wUh  ex- 
emplary fortitude,,  in  hU  .»lft  yo"^>  Wr. 
Ql4fI«»Lf?^|jian.  of  Perry-mill.  He  was 
•  young  man  ot  very  proroififlg  abilities,  and 
hl&j^(s  Jt^sUfeQt«4lr  regpreucd  by  all  }}is 
friends  and  acn,i^iatuici^> 

M  ;?irtfifti',-Mr^-  P»'k«»>  wife  of  Mr. 
2.  Parjces,  malt-mill  maker.     After  a  ihorc 
tllnefs,  Mr.  VTijUam  l^«9dn<;k,  jun. 
,J4fi.^il|iai|»  Griffiths^  matter  of  cUc  Shep- 
herd and  Shepherdelat  at  $altley. 

At.  Hales  Owen,Mr^Pqilc,  late  of  Bir- 
xniAgham.  ,  -.    . 

Mr.  Sjeii^ct^.  pig-ja^cr,  near  Mofely- 
WaJcc  CrefB.  -       . 

Aged.  72,  Mr.  }oKn  WiJco«,  of  Kjjowle. 

$HR0rMIIftK4 

MarritJ.]  At  Shrcwfbury,  Mr.  Afte.rley, 
attor^f,  to  Mifs  Mary  Tayisr^  Mr*  Sti^op, 
irof^sK^eri  to  MkCs  Morris. 

At  St.  CJiad's,  Mr.  William  Evans,  to 
Mi*.Pfli^ll^ofiiardol.     .. 

At  Praynon,  Mr,  Nonelly,  iijr^con,  to 
Mifs  Steele. 

Died^J  Mc«  George  Pardee,  of  .Nafli- 
court. 

Mr*  .WUUuifgnx  ©f.^wnorc-grfien,  near 
Condover. 

At  Bjpdan,  in  a  very  ydv^nced  age,  Mrs. 
Swanwick. 

At  Mardol,  Mc9*  Chapman. 

yri»RC^STtASHlRK. 

Afarried,  ]  At Ev«;ftam> Mr,  Jofrph  Harper, 
of  Chilvtrt  Coton,  WarwitkOiirc,  to  Mifs 
Cooper,  Ofiiy  daughter o**  the  Rcv.  Mr.  Coo- 
per, vicar  of  Evelham. 

•    At  Br^fnfgrovc,  Mr.  Weftwood,  of  Stour- 
bridge,  to  Mrs.  Tomkins,   of  the  former 

JW«i.]  At  Tyth'ing,  near  Worccfter,  tidi- 
denly,  in  the  5«th.,ycv.qf  ^^  ag«»  ^^'f- 
Tho^  P<9wclL  Mr.  p.  was  a  n^vc  of 
Vork>  afSd  made  hi*  iirft  appearance  on  tl^ 
York  ifcigej  in  i.7^^.  Thfi  preceding  yeaf 
he  p4a|ycd  i^th  a  Mr.  W/oodcock's  company, 
at  Wo^vfr^aq3pt<^>  ^"^  'wh.ch  towi>  he 
eloped  wlth,*and  iwgicd  yiifsi  jPoUy  Steward, 
firft  coofin  to  }A\iy  Elizabeth  Yfyottoftcy, 
Cnicceto  the  duchefs  of  Bedford  and  the  mar^ 
fuis  of  Sofioird)  DflMi  m  17691,  marifledthe 
duke  o^'OxaJfcon.  Mrs.  PoYrell,.in  confe- 
quencf  of  ^  tl^s  ^prudent<f  llwice,  was  .djX- 
carded  by 'tier  reUti^ns,  anddied<at  Hull,  in 
1773.  •Xa'a775  Mr,  VqaifM\l  nuittcd  the 
York  ft^eand  came  to  Manch«^r  '^vbcK 
he  married  a,i^y  With  a  cqniidt^^bl<^  fortune. 
llc/Chcf  <^iti|iimcnctd  manager,  and  formed  a 
circuit  cf\fii%9!tx^  towns  t'hut  became  fo  over- 
whelmed with  diSiculties  and  misfortunes,- 
^kM  ,iMUJvaftifionfiiied.foc  debt.  Qn  hia  cn- 
jM^/^aaaky  jbe'vraa  involved  in  iuchdidrefs, 
fharke-«mgU4'^  perform  ^y  menial  bu- 
fi  nefs'o^' jJif lage,  ^  Birmingham-  In  M^y , 
.I7^it  M^.*^T«d:>^.^waa(«a^  io  SftOth 


Wales,  fn  the  mHft  of  His  eijAarraffments, 
the  unexpected  and  happy  intelligence,  that 
a  relation  of  Mrs.  Powell  had  died  fuddcniy, 
without  a  will,  in  Manche^er,  and  hid  left 
his  wife  heir  to  a  fortune  of  ii,oool.  Thus 
once  more  rcftorcd  to  aiBuence  and  indepen- 
dence, h(  took  his  final  leave  of  the  ^a^C,, 
and  retired  to  enjoy  otium  cum  Sgmtatt^  in  this 
vicinity  of  Worceftet. 

•  At  Per(hore,  greatly  lamented.  In  his 
75th  year,  John  Langley,  efq.  formerly  an 
eminent  attorney  at  Bridgnorth.  In  his  pro- 
feAional  capacity  he  was  able,  juit,  and  li- 
beral J  in  nis  private  charafter,  an  affe^- 
onate  huiband,  a  tender  parent,  and  a  faith-* 
ful  friend. 

At  Tenbury,  Mr.  John  Evans. 

At  Worceflcx,  f«dJenly,  Mr.,  SHvciVer, 
apothecary.  After  a  very  fevcre  and  lingering 
illnefs,  Mrs.  Simmotids. 

At  Kidderminfter,  Mr.  Alderman  Pardee, 
one  of  the  moft  eminent  carpet-manufac- 
turers In  the  kingdom. 

At  Dudley,  Mr.  Gibbons,  fen.  of  the 
Bull's  Head  inn. 

Mr.  Jofeph  Hlggs,  timber-merchant,  of 
Hartlcbury. 

HERErOROSKIRE. 

Married.'}  At  yarkhlll,  Mr.  Duppa  Hill, 
of  Wefthide,  to  Mifs  Hollins,  of  the  for* 
mer  place, 

Dud.1  At  Hereford,  after  a  lingerUig 
illnefs,  in  hU  74th  year,  Mr.  Benjamin 
Maddy,  wine -merchant,  and  a  member  of 
the  corpor.itl  >n.  Mrs.  Burton,  wife  of  Mx# 
Burton,  biker. 

At  Rofs,  in  his  75th  year^  Mr.  Thoma 
Prichard.  He  was  formerly  a  tanner  in 
Hereford,  but  had  for  fcveral  years  paft  re- 
tired from^bufinefs.  His  charities  were  very 
extcnfivc,  and  muft  of  confequcncc  rcnd<gr 
his  deceafe  a  very  feverc  lofs  to  the  neigh*, 
bouring  poor. 

At  TupITcy,.  near  Hereford,  In  his  CTA 
year,  Mr.  Philip  Lewis,  late  an  opulent 
farmer  4t  the  Dyffrin.    " 

At  Nant-y-GJafter,  near  the  Hay,  ags^ 
54,  Mrs.  Bla(hfiel4. 

In  the  99th  year  of  her  age,  Mrs.  Prif- 
cilla  Frcre,  widow  of  the  late  Mr.  Anthony 
Frcre,  of  Wefthidc  Court,  and  fitter  to  tht 
Jatc John  Car^^'ardine,  efq.  of  Prefton  Wynne. 

At  Hinton,  near  Kerefortl,  by  thr  fud- 
dcn  falling  of  a  treej  whilft  hewing  timber, 
a. p9or  labourer,  named  Baikervilk. 

MOTIMOUTriSHlRf . 

DUlL']     At  LUnwcnarth  great  honfc,  Jft- 
fluia  Morgan,    efq..  lately  appointed   higlf  . 
ihcriffof  Monmouthftiire. 

At  Monmouth,  fuddenly,  Mr.  J8hn  Hey, 
mercUaat.      ,  ^.    I     ,, 

At  Chepftow,  aged  ?6,  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Jennings,  reUa  of  Mr.  John  J^nnJrigi,  lat0 
of  Lidncy,  Gloiic^fterfhire. 

S^miuel  Bring^ey,  groom  to  John  Jones, 
efq.  of  Lanarih-court,  was  6tcly  found 
drowned  in  the  ^anal  at  Lanar^h. 

CLOtrCESTKE 


^34     *   6l§ttceJlirJbire..':.OxfordJKfr\..Jf6i^^^  bfc, 


.CLOUCKSTJSftSMlRB. 

Married.]  At  Ulcy,  Mr.  John  Turnery, 
•dyer,  t(j Mifs Mary Jackion, 

Died.]  M  Clouceilcr,  by  a  hXl  from  his 
horfc^Mr.  Abraham  DavW,  jun.  wrolftapler. 

At  the  ^otwcUs,  as?d  Ji,  Join  Marfh, 
^<j.  Urc  ciptum  in  tie  44th  regiment  of 
/oot,axid  third  fon  of  the  late  3amucl  Miilh', 
c6}«  Qt'BcUnont.  near  Uxbridgc.  Mrs.  Blan- 
chiy,  wife  of  H.  S.  Bbnchcy,  cf^.  conful  of 
Minorca.  Alfo  Mrs.  Baker,  wife  of  T. 
]3aker,  "flup-joincr.     Mlfs  Mary  Dumbell. 

At  Briftol,  Mrs.  Bradley,  \»ho  had  been 
a  fchool-miftrcfs  in  that  cjty  upwards  of  30 
years.  Mr.  David  Solomon.  In  her  S9th 
year,  Mrs.  lAmbeit}  mother  of  Mr.  J.  Lam- 
bert, of  Pen  Park.  Mrs.  Punter.  Af^er  a 
Ihort  illncfs,  Mr.  James  iTiatchcr,  principjd 
•clerk  in  Meflri.Stevcns  and  Co/s  glaii-mantt- 
faftory.     Mr.  Rpwjund  Williams. 

At '  the  CiRte  place,  Mrs.  Rohbins.  Mr. 
Shaddy.  Miffi  Tilcy.  Maftcr  John  Matchin. 
^rs.  trowaCf  wife  of  Mr.  Browne,  ftatfoner, 
on  the  ToUey.  Mr.  Hannan.  Mrs.  Eliza- 
beth Kitlcv.  Mr.  Bateman.  In  the  73d 
year  of  hU  age,  Mr.  Matthew  Worga^, 
clock  and  watchmaker. 

Mrs.  Bootli,  widow  of  the  late  ^onpagu 
Booth,  elq.    , 

At  Cli/tbn,  Mrs^  Skey, 

AtThornbury,  ii>  his  73d  year,  the  rev. 
VTiIliapi  ftowen,  B.  P.  formerly  of  Chrift 
churchj,  Oxford,  and  chlaplain  in  "ordinary  to 
the  king.  For  the  laft  forty  years  of  his  life 
he  was  v'tcarof  Thornbury,  and  upwards  of 
30  years  a  iuftice  of  the  peace  for  the  county 
pf  Gloucefter. 

A  t  Moorend ,  near  Harohroolc,  Mrs^Nangle. 

At' Brock  ware,'  Mr.  Thomas  Coropton. 

At  Blaifdon,  the  rev.  Mr.  Archer,  re£^pr 
of  that  pariih. 
"*At  Melkiharo,  Mrs.  Moxhim. 

At  Frattptpp-upon-Severn,  Mr.  Samuel 
Fearce,  cxcife-officcr  for  tht  PontVpool  dif- 

In  his  80th  year,  the  Rev.Thomaa  Grew, 
.  fi.  M.  44  year&  refloi  of  Kelfton. 

OXrOKDSHIRt. 

Married.}  J^t  Oxford,  Mr.  Chaflep  tca- 
ter,  of  ^uth  Morton,  to  fA'iU '  Charlotte 
fuckwcll,  of yraUingford,  Berks. 

At  Woodftbcki  Pry(e  Lovcdon,  efq.  to 
jjie  hon.  Mrs.  Agar,  filler  to  Lord  Viscount 
JADibrdke.        '  '  *         ' 

Died.}  At  Oxford,  after  a  fliorC  illncfs, 
Jnhis  4SLI1  year,  Mr,  John  Honour,  poul- 
terer, ;\nd  parifli-clcik,  of  St.  Giles's.  Mifs 
(Caroline  Lock.  After  a,  very  f!.u:t  lllnCfs, 
Mr.  JohiiJPcpall,  formerly" a  builder  in' cx- 
kenfive  Dullncf>,'but  from  which  he  had  re- 
hired foribmc  year:. 

The  rev.  fj.  PowcU,'  reSor  of  Mirlftcf 
f^ovcTl.  '  '^    • 

AtWitney,  M. ,  \Vm,  Woods,  au£t!oneer.' 

Atl/Jey,'  nc.lr  Oxford,  of  a  doiifumption^ 

{n  his  32^Yeai,  'Mr.  John  Clatk'Wdttten, 

^Dgthec4ry.  '  *  -    '^* 

^^  la  the  S9th  year  of  hi*  age,  the  rev.  Joha 


1*JnnelU  fohnerlv  felloW  of  llfra Wjfejj 'crf- 
Ugc,  Oxford,  and  redorofUofwogtoir,  ia 
which  parffti  he  refided'  npwarii'tJf  5TYrw^. 
Ifis  charifter  cannot,  pei^ps,  U  fctttr 
traced  than  in  ^he  following  worfSt'Cpoken  by 
the  earl  of  Harcourt.  when  he  fold  Wdbtt 
and  manor  of  Duckltngton'  to  hi  pttfenfpra- 

frtetor:  "  and  for  a  pa^'y%a  wtlffind  aa 
fraelite  indeed.**  Mr.  P^nnell  ^^  likewft 
upwards  of  50  year*  prebendary  of  CHkhefter, 
and  reftor  of  Barton  and  Coales  j  in  ^tH^ex. 

KoKTHAMPTONSRiaC. 

Marrkd.}  At  Northampton,'  Mrl  SanjaeT 
Hailock,  aged  74,  to  Martha  Lucas,  aged 
ao. 

At  Peterborough,  M^RDyfton,-tJf  New- 
port Pagrtell,  to '  Mifs  Coir,'  of  die  fotmct 
place.  Mr.  Richard  Hill,  to  Mifs»*AfM. 
•  At  Etton,  Mr.  Large,  fargeOri;  bf  Har- 
borough,  to  MJfl  Beilars,  dauj^tcr  of  Mr. 
Bellars,  of  Woodcroft  Houfe.and^gfest  rattt 
of  the  late  Tliomas  Ptich,  cfq.  oflXiiglty. 

Mr.  William  Shclton;  of  Sdaton,*to  Mi& 
Ogden,  of  Caldicot,  Rutland. 

Died.}  At  Northampton,  Mrs.  Jikanei.  Mr. 
Teeton,  many  years  fexton  of  AH  Siintj 
church:  he  wat  father  and.  gran<}f2ither  to  ^ 
children.  In  her  ltd  year j  Mf^.  R  tSilbtrt, 
mantua-maker.  Mr».  Browii,  a  foaidfn  lady. 

At  the  fawc  plact ,  0^  the  ift  inftant,  Wl'fs 
Eleanor  Douglas,  a  maiden  lady,  inhcr55ri 
year.  WotWithftanding  her  great  age,  fie 
never  made  ufe  of  fpcdiaclejj  ahd,  Injt  a 
few  days  previous  to  her  death,  remarked  to 
a  friend,  that  (he  could  not  reco^lea  havinj 
been  ill  a  finglc  week  during  hcc  whole  life. 
She  was  fifter  to  the  prefen!  blfli^  bf  Salif: 
bury,  and  alfo  to  fir  W.  H.  Cottglas,  of 
Springwood-parfc,  in  this  county. 

AtBwldicot,  agedyOjMrt.  AntaRebe:«» 
Bur/ord.    '     '      ^ 

At  Hanwell,  Mrs.  Salmon,  rdlQ  of  tbe 
late,  and  mother  of  the  prefent,  Jfifr.  Silr 
inon,  of  Hardwkk-hoofe. 

At  Ketterfng,  at  the  advadcad  agi  iifU, 
Mrs.  Jane  II iff,  relia  of  the  late  rtv.  "Wm. 
Ififf,  formerly  vIcar  of  Stanford.  She  en- 
dured a  long  and  sjflfl£ling  illnefs  withua-' 
common  fortitude  and  reflgnatlon. ' 

A|ed  73,  Mr.  Che^fimn,  fbrxBcrly  of 
Apthore-lodge. 

B0^CKrKGli*AW8irr»».'  ' 

Marrted.}     At    High  Wyc^mht;  Jme/ 

Lanfdown,  cfq.  of  Poftland-i.tice',   ftflbl, 

to  Mifs  Mary  E^iM  Biddic,  of  the  fbrtW^ 

town.  '     ' 

Died.}  At  Little  Horrrood,  fliddetily,  Mr. 

JbfrjA  White.       -  '     "    ! 

HXJNTjNcpoinHrtT.-  • ' 
Married.  ]     At  Httatlflgdofl-,  '  MK'  |bffl«,. 
to  Mifs  Buckley. 

cA^rn«rD<?z$Ia«e. 

Dud.]  At  Cambridge,  W^.  Wogp    5«rf- 

denly,  Mrs.  White.    "Mr;  ht^ro/'^fpijtl*- 

cary.     Irt  t!fie'  Jpth  year  of  fcis  Vj^'  ^^rk 

limj:  ana'Vcfy  afl»a5rtg  5llhfc6,"Mr/Nltfcdhtf 

Wtftwdftd.     UT.49mntH?*^^  ^*^  tii.-    .     • 

Aged  66,    Mr.  Richard  Brown,  of  St. 

Martb't; 


IJhfQU^.Sfifolh...H^^^ 


MirtlD*&  it  Oik.    He  was  the  firft  man  tiMt 

MiicJ  ^e  tcBor  of  St.  Peter's  bcUs,  For 
whicK  ietioth  the  ringers  gave  an  excellent 
/uncMl  peal  on  the  day  of  his  interment. 

At  TuSdenhanj,  in  the  prime  of  youth, 
Mr.  fienjamin  Wilfon. 
Mn.  Mumby,  of  Sutton  Marfh. 
At  Southreppi»  in  the  47 ch  year  of  his 
^ip  the  rev.  Enfmui  Druery.     It  is  not  tht 
ufiufechoof  panegyric,  but  iin€t  juftice  to 
add;  that  he    was,  throughout   the   whole 
tenor  6t*  his  life,  a  father  to  the  poor  and 
f4tlierle(9f  and  that  he  defended  the  caufe  of 
the  wuloWf  and  of  hlro  that  had  no  helper. 
MoxroLK. 
A  telegraph  it  iho^-tly  to  be  erected  at  Yar- 
mouth, to  communkiitc  with  the  Kore. 

MarrkJ.]  At  Morwich,  Mr.  ^n  Stew- 
ard, attorney y  to  Mifs  N»  Richards,  of 
Wpodton.  Mr.  F.  Nbvcne,  to  Mifs  It. 
Bmoton,  third  daughter  of  Mr.  John  firuxt* 
too,  numger  o(  the  Nocwich  cheatrc. 

At  Yarmouth,  Mr.  "Thomas  Gooda,  to 
Jtfifs  Fairweathcr.  of  Aldehy.  Mr.  Robert 
Poftle,  to  Mifs  Loofe.  Mr.  Thomas  Pool, 
/)f  London,  to  Mifs  Lucy  Hall,  of  Yarmouth. 
Mr.  John  Kerrich,  of  T.^arleilon,  to  Mifs 
E.  Frefifi^d^  oTNprwich. 

DicA  At  Norwich,  aged  82,  Mrs.  Ifa- 
bella  rearfon,  widow  of  Mr.  Charles  Pear- 
(60,  a  comedian  of  facetious  memory  in  the 
Norwich  theatre.  In  his  44th  year,  Mr. 
Charlcb  Wright,  hatter  and  hofier.  Aged  71, 
Mr.  jofcph  En^liih,  wool-comber.  Aged 
$5i  Mr.  William  i^int^  ftono-mafon  j  and  f. 
few  days  after^  Mrs.  Lane,  his  wife.  In  his 
♦  6918  year,  Mr,  Rjchani  Afpin,  1  J«e  mafter  of 
cbe  Blackfriar*s  pub^ic-houfe,  in  St,  George*t, 
Colfegate.  Aged  76,  Mr.  James  Dcieflcy. 
.Mr.  Rohert  Punphard,  Mifs  BUz.  Flo  wen. 
In  his  77t}i  yflor,  Mr.  Daniel  RJtfo,  collect 
tor  of  the  excife.     Mrs.  Ebbetti. 

At  Kayland,  Mrs.  IfabelU  Juliana  Har- 
rotd,  wife  of  Mr.  Harrold,  lur^^eon,  and 
yoangelt  daughter  of  Peter  Le  Kevc,  cf()»  of 
Norwich.    .  ' 

In  the  87th  year  of  his  age,  Charles  Wef* 
ton,  efd^,  alderman  of  Mancroft-ward,  one  of 
his  majefty's  ju^ices  of  the  peace  for  tHe 
«unt^  of  Norfolk,  and  fellow  of  the  Antl- 
^uarbn  Tociety.  The  firft  banlc  eftabli/hed 
in  Norfolk  was  under  his  direction,  and 
•penedin  1756. 

'  At  Holt,  Inher  SSTthyear,  Mnl.  Catlierine 
Spurgln.* 
At  Hargham,  Mrs.  Bowles. 
At  Afladon,  in  her  73d  year,  Mrs.  Elisa- 
beth Utcing,  widow  of  the  late'  Mr.  John. 
Utting,  furgeoD, 

At  Befthorpe,  Mr.  Stanley,  •  weakfcy 
fcrmer. 

As  Mr»  GoQch,  of  Strattan  Strawtefs,  was 
feluming  fropi  Coltiihill  corn  market,  he 
W4S  klUed  by  a  fall  from  hla  hoffe.  lie  ap- 
peared to  have  been  dragged  to  a  confiderable 
diftance,^and  .'was  found  In  a  very  mangled 
^te,  with  his  foot  hangW^  i^  the  iklmp. , 


.215 


He  was  a  man  who  uniformly  fuppoited  am. 
excellent  chafa£ier  in  fife. 

SUFFOtlC. 

Married.'i  At  Ipfwich,  Mr.'^chanlPflr- 
tcr,  to  MliS  Smith,  of  Thomham. 

At  Bury,  Mr.  Bacon,  to  Mifs  Wllley. 

At  Fraralingham,  the  rev.  Wm.  B.  Cr»- 
thern,  dlflentiiig  minifter, -of  Dedham,  t» 
Mrs.  Margaret  Linfted,  of  Woodbridge. 

Mr.  James  Cuftance,  of  Sutton,  to  Mih 
Dobide,  of  Soham. 

Mr.  Morley,  farmer,  of  Chcvijigton,  t» 
Mifs  FeUon. 

Difd,}  Atlpfwich,  aged  61,  Mr.  Jofcpli 
fiuilter. 

At  Bcccles,  aged  23,  Mrs.  Ward. 

At  Cranmer  Green,  Mrs,  Wink. 

At  Long  Melford,  at  the  advanced  age  cf 
8a,   Mrs.  Wink. 

Mn.  Negus,  wift  of  H.  Negus,  ef^.  «F 
Bungay. 

At  Cately,  Mr.  Thomas  R«?geti. 

Aged  Si,  Mn.  Manning,  of  Hawftead. 

AtAldhamHall,  Mrt.  Kerfcy.  She  had 
been  blind  feveral  years,  and  approaching  too 
near  the  fire,  (he  was  burned  in  fach  a  dread- 
ful manner,  that  (he  foon  after  rxpired. 
.  At  Melford,  Mr.  Daniel  Mills,  of  the 
George  inn.  *         . 

Aged  24,  Mr.  Robert  Walgrave  B^ewfter, 
of  Beving:on-houfe,  "Belchitip. 

At  Mildenhall,  Mrs.  E.  Rufhbrookfc.  Mif# 
Mary  Andrews.     Aged  93,  Mrs.  EweU. 

At  Hjverhill,  George  Howhnd^  efq.  nn^ 
cle  of  Sir  George  Howland^  bart. 

At  Woodbridge,  aged  94,  Mrs.  Thdtap^ 
fon,  widow. 

HZKTrOtpSHTtZ. 

Married.]  Af  Wormley,  Mr.  Charles 
Waldead,  of  the  cu(bm-hou'fe,  to  Mifs 
Porter,  of  Enfield. 

At  Gravely,  Mr.  JohnSelford,  of  Alder- 
manbury,u  Bla»:kwell-h.ill  fiftor,  to  Mifs 
Salifburv,  daughter  of  the  rev.  T.  Salilburgr^ 
of  the  former  place. 

DieJ.!  At  Watford,  univerfally  rcfpe6Jed 
whilft  living,  and  a*  gVeitly  regretted  at  his 
deceafe,  Mr.  Hawthorne.  His  benevolence 
to  the  poor  was  unbounded.  ' 

At  Bcrkhamfted,  univcrfally  lamented. 
Mrs.  Smitli,  more  thin  20  years  govcmeu 
of  the  ladies'"  boarding -fchoot  tn  that  town. 

At'  Baldock,  aged  66,  'Thomas  .Barnes, 
gent,  fon  of  the  late  rtfv.  Robert.  Barnes,  of 
Camtrtoi^  near  Workington. 
'  Francis  Hammond,  ef^.  of  Pdttei's-har.  • 

ESSEX. 

A  dreadful  fire  lately  broke  out  at  Chif« 
well,  in  this  county,  which  entirely  con-^ 
fumed  37  dwcUing-houfes,  and  reduced  up- 
wards of  50  famUlcs  to  the  necellity  of  feek- 
ing  refuge  in  barns,  ftables,  and  other  ouc- 
houfesJ  '  The  lofs  is  eftimated  at  abovb 
20,0001, 

MarriedJl  At  Great  Cla^on,  Captain  Hill, 
of  Hull,  to  Mifi  Deborah  Sadler,  of  the  tor- 
mer  place. 

Aft 


:U6 


Sfiit...:KMp 


At  Qrfi0u««.Mr«  WlllUm  .Bitiwftwy  ^ 
^hite  Kotley  HaU,  |o Mif$  £U»»iMth  jGcim- 
wood*  ftldf  ft  4«u)^]uer  of  Mr.  J«fi^ry  Grim* 
voody  AB  <4mlet)t  ftftqer  of  CreiBng  Tample. 

Mr.  ThUnaJ  Fr«ch  MAffli,  Jatner  of 
foppf^Aeid,  tfyMi/i  Darl^y,  ••£  Little  Wal^ 
tjjain. 

Kfr.  M,  Hjtnrey»   of  Great  Tothaxn^  to 
lidiCs  Horton,  of  FeUted* 
.  At  MAldon,  Mr.  £vaf»rd»  to  Mir&  Elbabetli 
Seville*  • 

JM^  At  tht.Roofceiy,  ia  Colchefter, 
John  Bofworthy  efq.  a  juiiice  at  the  peaoe 
Joi  the  county  r/f  Eiiex. 

At  Snaseibcooky  WiUi;im  Quanilly  eiq. 
jui^ice  of  the  peace  im  the  county  of  Mid- 
(ileiVx. 

At  J^rehom,  in  the  zoth  year  of  her  age, 
XJifs  Nancy  HirrelL 

At  Bekhamp  Orcea«  Mr.  Hohert  Walgrave 
Bre^'fter. 

.At  Fobbiogy  Mr.  Bikh 

At  Colchertcr,  Mrs.  Ruth. 

At  Chelmsfordl,  Mri.  Dixaa. 

KKKT. 

Merr'iidJ]  At  CaaLerbury^  Mr.WiUlama, 
of  the  £alt  Suft'olk.  rvgimcuc  of  milieu,  Lo 
Mil's  Mary  WaU'oa,  daughter  of  O^t.  Wat- 
ibn,  Dover. 

At  Kochefter,  Mr.  Thompfon,  jun.  to 
Mils  Stevens,  daughter  uf  Mr.  Aidcnnaa 
St«ven&,  Urevtrer. 

Oat^e  iithinibnt,  Mr.  Bath,  furgeon^ 
of  LoAdon^  to  Mri.  C.  Sryaot/  of  the  for- 
nieir  place. 

At  Chatham,  Mr.  Thomas  Spencer,  or- 
ganifty  to  Mils  Hill. 

At  Craabrook,  Mr,  Clarke,  furgeon,    to 

I4ia  M.  avcfs. 

AtClapham,  JohDCocks,cf<i.  of  Totten- 
ham, to  Mifs  Heil'c,  filler  CO  C.  L.  Hefle, 
Prutiiaa  conful  at  HaiDbt&rgh. 

V^raj  Dcaopo,  «i^.  ot  th(  royal  artillery, 
to  Mifs  till,  granddaughter  of  the  late  fit 
Fisuxcis  LiU,  bart.  of  Hermitage. 

At  H^ara,  Mt.  Jamea  Taylor >  of  Starry, 
to  Mifs  OoodlQg,  of  the  fomicr  place. 

At  Milton,  near  Gravefcnd,  Mr.  Pack^ 
tanner,  to  Mifs  WiUttt. 

At  Woolwich,  John  VifK>n>  efq.  of  the 
^ai  cc&iment  of  artillery,  to  Mifs  Adyc, 
^ughter  of  ihfi  1Mb  Ue«t.  ctfl..  Adye,  and 
nie^e  |o  JpWWillett  Willett,  efq.  M  F. 

}i.i  BcaHnjoujBoc»  Mr.  Richard  Hokum,  40 
Mif&Southee. 

At-S(;a;iag«>  Mr.  Wm.  Hogben,  ioiUer,  to 
Mrs.  Athow.  . 

At  ^orifigton,  Mr.  Sad<)0,  fanner,,  of  kk- 
ham,  to  Mi^  Ann  GilMm,  of  the  former 
(lace.  ... 

J>Hd.^  At  Mitfg«te,  Ma.  Sarah  Oldiield, 
xnothcr  «tf  Mr-  OUificid,  author  of  the  hiftory 
cf  pwli-mtjat^,  „  Jo  'his  ycth  year,  Mr.  Wm. 
Scone,  fotraeily  a  rope-muker  in  that  towil# 

\At  puyer^  JAxn  ^^g^  apothedacy.  Mt. 
Hcnxy  Mofc^.  . .  Aged  .  »Sj .  .Uu  'Thon» 
Srvirp,  grocer.    .  .       .        v      .  . 


Mr.  Wm.  Curling.  i    ^  - 

At  £aft  Mailing,  MIA  Otjier^  F^ImFi 
fiilcr-iiS-law  to  m^jor-gener^  Pbj^baiA. 
'  At  Aflkford,  in  kis  734  icar,' the  rer. 
Philip  Hawkins',  A.  M.  f^eOW  tjt  Kiogf- 
north.  Of  a  deeline,  ^n  her  intfa  year, 
MifsTVIderfon,  eldeft  daughter  of  Mr:  AlcTeT. 
fon,  mafter  of  the  B^glifii  icadeiDjf  in  t^ 
town.  *    * 

At  Sraarden^  in  her  93dyeiT,Mp,'Fetter. 
She  lived  to  fee  the  filth  geneniUon  of  ^<r 
race,  in  the  grand-cluld^en  of  &er''gnDd< 
daughter. 

At  TefttJn,    eged   80,     Mrs.'  Twyfles. 
At  Wilmington,    Mrs.  Mn^mftfrd^  widow 
of  John  Mumford,  efq.  lace  of  ~Sutton-p!ace. 
At  Gravefend,  Mr.  George  Cooper,  fur- 
geon.    In  her  4th  year,  JanC  Bru,nfwick,. 

At  Oreenvrtch,  Henry  Tay"ter,  elq'.  late 
in  the  fervlce  of  the  £aft-India  CfRnpa&y,  «t 
Bengal,  '  . 

At  Sandwich,  in  his  24th  year,  Mr.  Rich- 
ard Harvey. 

At  Whicftable,  4ged  6d,  Mn.  OHei. 
At  St.  Laurence,  in  Thanet^  Mr.  Smith, 
of  the  Rod  Lion  ^ublic-houfe.  ' 

At  Lady  w'oppten'g  Green,  Jobnffll! 
Macaree,  efq.  eap<:3in  aotl  atijuunt  of  tbe 
caft  Kent  regiment  of  militia. 

Suddenly,  at  Milton,.  Mrs.  tydia  Hell. 
AtTenterden,  aged  4S,  Mrs.  Sawyer. 
At   Charing,    in  ao  advanced  age,   Mr. 
George  Harrifon,  grazier. 

At  Smardcn,  at  the  advanced  v^  ^  90, 
Mr.  James  Fuller. 

At  MaUiog,  Mr.  Wm.  Hoiaea,  ftoe* 
maker.  He  was  drawing  a  bucket  of  water, 
f^nd  fell  into  the  well,  and  pitching  ^aisft 
^eftones,  Ms  head  \ras  li^r^ly  da&ed  t» 
pieces.  He  has  left  a  yoaag  widow,  to 
whom  he  had  been  married  only  five'weeltt. 
At  Gan^rhury,  aged  77,  Mr.  Samuel 
Abrahams.  Mrs.  Wafcfty,  mt»thcT  of  the 
rev.  Dr.  Walefby,  one  of  the  pretendanes  ^ 
the  cathedral.  In  her  65th  year,  Mr. 
Reeves. 

At  Maidftone,  Mrs.  Nigbtangalt.  Sa^ 
denly,  aged  6S,  Mr.  Win.'  Elgar,  fen.aa 
eminent  grocer  cf  this  place,  and'.one  of  tlw 
proprietors  6f  the  MAidftone  ba^  ^e  ivest 
to  bed  apparently  In  good  health,  stxa 
fpendinga  convivial  evening  wHh  hilitiea^ 
At  Deal,  aged  $1,  Mrs.  ftaiAaten.  Ia 
his  5Sth  year,  Mr.  John  Lamb^  piloL 

At  Chatham,  Mr.  l&ac'TvryiyMi,  r»fe- 
maker.  *  Mkcwife  Mn.  Weeks. 
-      At  Eolkeftont,  aged  50,  -  M.rt'Keawt. 
In  her  56th  year,  Mrs.  PenfoWi 

•At  Brbmpton,'  Mt.  Pit^tcl  A^$»,  »»T 
years  a  a  uarterman  of  'IhipibrightS  in  Chtf- 
ha«^  dOdt-yar*.        •    •         ^    ' 

The  rcir.  Edward  Penny,  ticSr  tf  B^JcMli 

Afc-kK  fcatot  Ynlteri,'nc3trTvlaidf^«ii;  Jsaas 

Whatman,  efq.  '  ' 

•johnLiHy,  t  Cielfea  jJenfKtaer,  l^t'ia 

•  •  eiM^  t03  hit  cxiftcnceV  by  -  teg^  - hteftif  '^ 


Surrey...  Suffifii..JS»-kfiire:...Hampfl>irey  (ft. 


»37 


ano^Nh(rQff  belan£bg.(o.  an  tna  in  Win- 

chejp,  ocar  Canterbury. 

I>ul1 .  At  Richmond,  Mifs  Vanncck  9 
44ughcer  of  the  Ute  Sir  Jofbna  Vannock,  and 
filler  tq  I>ord  Huntingfield.  She  was  a  lad/ 
•f  exteniive  UberaUty  and  benevolence. 

At  Le^i^erhead^  Mn.  Robcrd^au, 

At  a  tery  advance d  age,  Mr.  Lang,  one  of 
the  oldeft  graziers  in  Komney  marih,  and  fd- 
thcT  <)f  Mr.  Long»  Airgcon,  at  Hcnl/ham. 

Ac  Hbr^n>  M>  her  99th  year,  Mrs. 
Howes. 

At  Ctickfieldj  after  a  ibort  iUnefi,  Mr. 
Chacfieidj  inrgeea. 

Lately,  much  lamented,  Mif&  Tier,  of 
Chichcfter. 

,    .    scnrsHiax. 

MarrkJ.1  At  Reading,  Mr.  W.  Swallow^ 
aurferynian,  to  Mifs  predge. 

AW.]  Ac  Vattendon,  after  a  (hoTt  illncfs,. 
Mr.  Rflien  States. 

At  Stanford,  Mf.  larkom,  maltfter. 

Ac  Sp«eahamland»  Mr.  Philip  Smailbooe, 
ef  tite  Coack  and  Horfes. 

Age6  60,  Mr.  WilKam  Shackle,  of  Earley 
Ceart  Farm, 
.  Mrs.  Jacques,  ofCaveriham. 

HAMPSHIXI. 

At  Wiftchefter  afliees,  J.  Caflfcl,  a  brewer's 
fer^aat,  yn^  tried  and  convicted  on  a  charge 
0/ aiding  and  abetting  prlfoners  of  war  to 
efcape  out  of  I'orcheftcr  caftle.  It  was 
proved,  ^t  be  had  conveyed  two  French 
cipCtias,  Iflclofcd  in  two  ca/k^,  put  of  the 
pril'oi^  on  }^  <lray,  by  which  meaiv  they 
effc<Sed  their  efcape.  He  was  fentenced  to 
iia  months  imprifonment. 

DtfJ.'\  '  Ac  Southampton,  Mifs  Milne* 
daughter  of  Mr.  Milne,  furveyor  and  archU 
tcft.    Aged  95,  Mrs.  Soley. 

At  Ltc,  near  Romfey,  Mr,  Jackman. 

SudaeuW.  Mr.  Thomas  Webb,  an  eminent 
famier,  or  Vialiam  farm,  near  Highclcre  in 
this  county, 

Ai  Crawley,  near  Wmchefter,  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Pertu.  , 

VflUTSHt»T. 

MarrkJ."]  Ac  Sail/bury,  Mr.. Edward 
Kc^Ie,  ^f  the  White  H<itc  Inn,  to  Mn* 
Penny,  of  Lymington. 

Mr.  Jjcob  Jacob,  farmer,  of  Attiport,  near 
Andover^  £0  Mifs  Aon  Robins,  0^  Wincan- 

tOD.  ■' 

At  CKIraenliam,  ^r>  Benjamin  £dwirds, 
to  M:fs  Prefton,  of  H;«nigh  Houc.  Mr. 
AtrihaiQ  L\qyd  ^dridge,  to  Mif^^Lan^horne, 
o/Moiikton  Houfe. 

Mr.  fo(epH  Gundry,  of  CJne,  to-  Mils 
Miriha  Nalilj,  ot  Coagtc{!>ury. 

The  rev.  Mr.  Sntith,  vicar  of  Norton  Bt- 
t4nt,  to  Mifs  Thring,  of  Waraoinftcr. 

Mr.  Ikrnes,  farmer,  of  Chute,  ta  Mi(a 
Pjlihcr,  of Xiongftockj 

At  SVacmiAtter^  Mr.  Henry  Ooombs,  of 
Sa^Iefinf/to  'Mifi  But:,  of  the  former  place. 

M./JAt*^lifeofy,  MrsiWycho.    A<r. 


J.  FoQttter,  of  th*  Wliitt  Horft  inn.  <f  r, 
Vonng-,  hofier.  In  hii  90^1  ycir,  •  Mr. 
Harding.     At  the  fame  age,  Mrs.  Long. 

At  DbMmtoR,  Mr.  Shield,  many  yenrt 
a  rcfpe6bble  furgcon  of  that  pTace.  He 
was  a  very  eccentric  chancer,  and,  amon^ 
other  Angularities,  was  never  known  to  eat  a 
morfel  of  hread.  lit  his  wilt,  he  gave  direct 
tions  to  be  buried  in  his  o\vn  garden;  ant! 
when  his  favourite  horf«  dies,  it  is  to  be 
laid  in  the  fame  grave  with  its  mafter. 

Mr.  Bound,  a  farmer  at  South  Damerham, 
p&tan  end  to  his  exiftence,  by  hanging  hhn- 
felf  in  his  ftable. 

At  Maddington,  Mr.  Tohh  Gibbs. 

At  Maiden  Bradley,  (uddcnly,  Mr.  Hyctt, 
a  very  rcfpeAiblc  farmer,  to  whom  a  pre- 
mium was  adjudged  at  the  laft  annual  meet- 
ing of  the  Bach  Agricultural  Society,  foraa 
improved  -winnowing  machine. 

At  Great  Somerford,  Mifs  Smith. 

At  Sulton,  after  a  ihort  but  fevere  illncfs, 
Mr.  William  Cole,  gent. 

At  Trowbridge,  Mrs.  Primtofe. 

At  Winterboarn  Stoke,  in  his  i6th  year, 
Mr.  Charles  Collier  Chalk. 

nOKSETStllAe. 

On  Thorfday,  the  20th  Inft.  Henty  Red-, 
head  Yorke,  efq.  was  libented  from  Djr- 
cheftdr  Caftle,  after  an  imprifonment  of 
four  years.  He  has  paid  a  fine  of  200I.  and ' 
entered  into  fureties  for  2900I.-  When  the 
/heriff  brought  the  welcome  intelligence  oi 
hisreleafc,  h^e  exclaim^,  in  the  language  * 
of  Virgil: 

Libeiratf  ^afirt,  tamin  re^xit  hitrUm^ 
Refffcxit  tam<n  et  Jon^o  fofi  Urttp9i*e  'Wfut. 

Pikes,  for  arming  the  peafantry,  in  tfi« 
event  o(  an  Invafion,  have  been  depoftted  in 
tife  "  barracks  at  Weymouth,  Dorchcller^' 
Btidport,  Wareliafn,  and  Other  places  bor- 
dering on  the  fauthern  coail. ' 

Mairkd.]  At  Uorthcfttr, ^r.  T. Cttrm<j 
buildsr,  CD  Mifs  Jane  Foufacrel 

At  BlanJford,  Quartcrmafler  Pickwick^ 
of  the  2d  dragoon  guards,  to  Mifs  Barfoot. 

Mr.  Samuel  Vallis,  of  Poole,  Co  Mrs.De- 
bQxah  Morris. 

At  Gillingham,  Mr.  Bvrt,  t6  Mifi  Sarah  ' 
Mead. 

Died.']  At  D:)rche(ler,  in  confequence  of 
eiAceflive  dvinking,  Mr.  Bartlett,  baker.  For 
the  laft  fit  wccki  he  h^d  not  a  fober  inteu Ml 

At  GrlUnghamy     Mr.  Read.     Befijcs  a 
confiderable  fortune  left  to  his  relations  and**' 
fervanti,    he  haa  bequeathed   the  fufh  of  ^ 
4000I.  to  elUblifli  a  fund  for  the  fupp(yrt  of*  * 
the  aged  poor  in  the  pariHi  et  GilUngham< 

AtCtroeAbba^,  Mv.JamesDuvk. 

At  Nethcrbury,  Mr.  John  Sliirc. 

At  SCraiteo,-  near  l>orcheftfe>y,  at  the  great 
age  ot' lot, -Ann  Ingram.     She  retained  the 
ufe  of  her  faculties  to  the  hil  hour  of  her  , 
life. 

Mr.  Mockrell^  a  very  wealthy  farmer  of* 
Mincbin^t 33, 'ne^r  Blwdford,  Uxf\j  hung 
hlmfclf  in  his  cirt-houfe.      H«  had'  latrl^  * 
given  many  proofs  of  menial  derangenfcrnt  ; 

i> 


338 


SomerfetJhire„.JiivmJbire,,..Cor»a)alL 


In  confequence  of  wh,ich,  the  jury  brought 
in  &  vetUicI  cf  lunacy.  He  was  a  bachelor 
far  advaii.cJ  in  yc:us,  but  had  fonie  time  paft 
|KU<ihi'a<.dieire&  tw  ;t  widow  lady  in  budnefs; 
and  alter  the  day  ol'  marriage  wa^  agreed  on, 
and  the  lady  had  quitted  her  faop,  Mr. 
Mackriil  fuddenly  changed  liis  intentions. 
To  oievrnt  a  lawfuit  it  was  reterrcd  to  jirbi- 
trators,  !••  rive  a  proper  facisfi£kion  to  the 
disappointed  lady,  who  awaitkd  her  300I. 
Thou;^h  this  fum  could  be  no  great  objedk  tu 
a  m^n  tfMr.  M/i  wealth,  he  fuifered  thecir- 
c^mllance  to  picy  upon  hi<»  mind,  till  he  was 
at  length  Induced  to  the  raih  a^  of  terminat- 
ing his  exiitence. 

^OMXRSETSKiaS. 

The  magi rt rates  of  Bath  have  at  length 
a^pted  the  propofition  of  Mr.  Wood,  of 
Shrewlbury,  for  incorporating  the  different 
fari/hc8,and  coi^jtwuting  a  houfe  of  induftry, 
on  the  plan  of  that  in  Shrewibury.  Some  be- 
neficial ^.'onfequences  may  be  expeded  to  re- 
fult  from  thefe  eftablifhments,  provided  due 
care  is  taken  to  prevent  the  poor  from  being 
eppredcd  by  an  abufe  of  the  authority  of  the 
cchidu6lors» 

As  fome  labourere  were  at  work  upon  the 
Bath  road,  the  driver  of  a  waggon,  in  which 
were  fevxral  caiks  of  fpirits,  invited  them  to 
drink,  haviog^contrivcd  to  tap  the  calks,  by 

introducing  a  reed.  This  offer  was  accepted  t6Mili  Brace,  of  Bennet-ftreet,  St.  Jj 
with  avidity,  and  fo  greedily  did  the  men  London. 
drink,  that  two  of  them  died,  and  three  Mr.  Cartwright,  matter  of  the  "WhiteHart 
moreare  in  a  very  dangerous  ftate,  with  Uttic  inn,  Okehampton,  to  Mifs  If  ockln,  daugh^ 
liopes  of  recovery.  ter  of  the  late  rev.  Mr.  Hockin. 

Married.'^  At  Bath,  the  Rev.  Jofeph  DledJ]  At  Exeter,  fuddenly,  Mr.  John 
iegg,  of  Market  Lavington,  Wilts,  to  Mifs  Pierce.  Mifs  Harriet  Coflarat. 
C.  Treflcr,  of  the  former  place.  Mr.  Ban-  At  his  houfe  in  the  royal  kofpltal.  Ply- 
net,  au£lionccr,  to  Mrs.  Hodgfon,  of  Woot-  mouth,  fuddenly  after  fupper,  F.  Gcach, 
ton-under-cdge,  Gloucefterihire  John  Shake-'  M.  D.  F.  R.  S.  fenior  furgeon  to  this  hofpi- 
fptar,  cfq,  to  Milo  Fletcher,  of  Lee  Houfe,    tal  nearly  30  years. 

Hants.     Mr.  W.  Smith,  of  Amcfbury,  to        At    Stoke,    Jiear    Plymonth,   aged    iS» 
Mifs  Harding,  of  Wincanton.     Mr.  MIdlane,    Lieut.  Wm.  Fleming,  of  the  25th  regiment 
to*  Mifs   Tones.     Benjamin  Morgan,  cfq.  of    of  foot. 
Cweiflthlenwhethc,  Glamorgan(hire,toMifs        At  Moreton,    Mr.    Pethcthrldge,   fcrgc- 


At  Horfington,  F.  B.  Rcaflon,  efq.  of  tk« 
Temple,  London,  to  Mifs  Poddington,  only 
daughttr  of  Mr.  Samuel  Doddington,  of 
Horfington. 

Mr.  James  Poole,  printer  and  bookfcller, 
of  Bridgwater,  to  Mifs  Allen,  of  Stogumbtr. 

At  Churchill,  Mr.  Jeremiah  Boord,  gra- 
zier, of  Ebden,  to  Mifs  RichardfQn,  of  the 
former  place. 

Mr.  John  Parker,  of  Wrington,  to  Mift 
Mary  Dyer,  of  Clavcrham. 

At  Churchill,  Mifs  Marfliam. 

At  Froome,  Mr.  William  Palmer,  paintcfi 
Mr.  John  Allen,  clothier. 

On-  the  firft  of  March,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Newman,  upwards  of  40  years  redlor  of  the 
pariihes  of  Shepton  Beaochamp,  and  Spark- 
ford. 

DEVONSHiaZ* 

AUrritdA  At  Exeter,  the  Rercrcnd 
Henry  Nicholas  Aftley,  fon  of  fir  Edward 
Aftley,  bart.  of  Norfolk,  to  Mifs  Pitman, 
only  daughter  of  the  late  Samuel  Pitman,  efq. 
of  Exeter.  Mr.  John  Hill,  to  Mils  Cherry 
Sweet  land. 

At  Tiverton,  Mr.  Henry  Dunsford,  jua. 
mercer,  to  Mifs  Pulling.  Mr.  Thomas 
Owen,  wine-merchant,  to  Mifs  Patcli* 

At  Emma  Place,  Plymouth,  by  fpecial 
licence,  Capt.  James  Nowman,  of  the  navy. 


Lucy  Gregory,  of  Bath. 

Dud,'\  At  Bath,  Mr.  Wilkic,  ofthcbeef- 
fteak  houfe  in  the  market,  the  oldefl  mufici^ 
in  the  pump-room.  John  Saxon,  cfq.  Aged 
76,  Mr.  Thomas  Orpin,  mufician.  Mr. 
Al  bot.  lu  her  zSth  year,  Mifs  Mai^  John- 
fl<Ui,  daughter  of  the  Utt  general  Johnfton, 
of  Wcfton  Houfe.  Mr.  Hooper.  Mr.  Rich- 
ard .^.Iklnfon,  ofN«wcaltie.  Mr.  Thomas 
Milllngton.     Mr,  Smith,  fruiterer. 

At  the  fame  place,  Mis.  Juliana  Mack- 
fir  Herbei 


worth,  fiftcr  to  the  late  fir 


rbert  Mack- 


maker.     Mr.  James  Fownes. 

At  Taunton,  Mifs  Mary  Bovet.  Mis.  Spil- 
ler.     Mrs  Colman. 

At  Kingfteignton,  the  rev.  ChrlftQ|)her 
Beekc.  He  had  been  vicar  oi  that  place  up- 
wards of  60  years. 

A%  Mr.  James  Bath  was  returning  to  hit 
houft,  at  the  Double  Lock,  near  Exeter,  he 
fell  into  a  pond  and  was  drowned. 

CORNWALL. 

DiedA  At  Pencarrow,  fir  William  Molefj 
worth.  Dart,  reprefentativc  for  the  county  of 


Wftrth,  Bart,  of  Gnoll   Cjftlf,  Glamorgan-     Monmouth  in   two  parliaments.      He 
Aire:     Her  death  v4o  occufioned  by  a  fcvcre     formerly  of  St,  John's  college,  Cambridge^ 


contufion,  which  fhe  receivrd  In  confequence 
Ofatjllfr-jm  the  vir.cyaid,  on  her  return 
from  chjpel. 

At  Holbway,  nc?.r  Bath,  fuddenly,  Mr. 

At  WcUj,  Mr.  Ch3n:r:on  to  Mif:.  P;:lmcr. 

At   StOv.i>,    :.:i.   Ciuilci   Kcl.orr.Lc,  cf 

St.  Decuman  &,  nt-r  WaCchet,  t»->  MifirCiiJ. 

At  Frome,  Mr.  J.  I,)  ou,  to  Mifa  LicLmar.. 


[r^r  Ag:::-J:vral  R^prr,  Jrc page  ^.z%.\ 


and  took  his  degree  as  honorary  mailer  of  arts 
in  1779. 

At  Lawhittoo,  near  LaunceiVon,  the  rev. 
Roger  Maffcy,  formerly  of  St. John's  college, 

Cair.Lrid^c,  and  srchdcjcon'  cf  Bjrr-lHple, 
T^Cijt  0!  Lawhitton,  Cornwall,  and  Chariton 
Eiitoj),  Dc%on,  and  of  the  picbcndiiies  cf 
Exeter  CjthcJral.  M: .  tS.  ccnin:cDccd  A.  B. 
in  27S3,  and  A.  M.tn  :7S6. 


TH« 


MONTHLY   MAGAZINE. 


XXX.] 


For  APRIL,  1798. 


stxka 


[Vol.  V. 


its'  fbe  Four  Vditmj  of  the  Monthly  Magazine,  wbUb  an  m-w puUi/betly  mt^ 
be  badconOUte  of  arty  BookfeUen  trice  Thirty  SbilRjigs,  neatly  half-boundy  or  anyjif^le 
Number,  or  Folumi,  may  be  badfeparate,  at  the  Pkafure  rftbe  Purcbafer, 

ORIGINAL  COMMUNICATIONS.. 
Totbe  Edkorrf  the  Monthly  Mj^azine. 

THE  double  corre^ion  of  oae  ihort 
fejitcnce  in  Ariftotle's  rhetoric^  pro- 
poled  in  your  laft  Magazine,  by  W.C.  H> 
appears  to  me  perfectly  gratuitous  and 
unneceflary.  He  rcfei-»  the  paflage  to 
lib.  ii.  cap.  iS.  I  ^nd  it  in  lib.  U.  cap. 
16.  dr  Sylbiu-^ius^s  edition,  and  in  cap, 
i3.  iea.  a.  ot  tlic  fiime  bookined.Ox* 
on.  1759.  Tbc'purpoit  of  tlie  elaufe  will 
beft  appear  from  the  context^  which  ftandf 
thus: 
"  Now  the  peculiar  manners,  which 


Virtus,  fama,  dccus^  dlvioa  hvaiaaa^vc,  pul* 

chris 
Divitiis  parent  j  quai  (jurcondnixerit.  Hie 
CUrus  erit,  fortis,  juftus.  Sapiens  nc  ?^£tlai^ 

ct  rex, 
Et  quidquid  Tolet. 

Gilbert  Wacefjbljd* 
Hackney,  Jfril  2, 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly  MagmtiMi  * 

SIR, 

WHEN  I  ftnt  you  an  aceotmt«f  d» 
Female  Friendly  Society  at  Bcf. 
,  r        1  I.         r        wick,  I  engaged  to  tranfinrt  ibmeaccoufit 

are  the  concomitant*  of  wealth,  prcfent  ^jfo  ^f  a  Female  Friendly  Society  at 
thcailelve«  on  the  fi^ace  to  every  man'*  y^^k,  ^hieh  wa«  inftituted  in  the  year 
obfcrvation*  for  rich  men  are  prone  to  xi%%.  Th6  idea  of  formiiSg  it  arofeprift- 
infuit  and-anrogande,  from  feelmg&  mva-  cipally  from  the  w%(h  of  prolonging  tlic 
riably  conneaed  with  the  poffcffion  of  patronage  of  the  ladies,  who  had  tor  fome 
wealth  i  for  they  perceive  themfelyes  fo    time  iiiperinttnded  two  charhy-fchoois  Jln 


affeaed,  as  if  they  were  mafters  of  every 
thing  good  \  inafnauh  as  money  is  the  com* 
mmfiamdard^  by  ^bicb  the  *worth  tf  all 
mher  things  ii  eftimafed:*^  'e  it  (forae  edi- 
tions, c  yof'  with  an  immaterial  varia* 
tion)  sAvTOff  sToy  rifttv  tk  tck  tv$  a^mk  rm 
m>^)siir  h'  o  f  «»irflT«i  «iarr»  una  imu  mftn » 
•*  becMftle  every  thing  aj^cars  purchas- 
able by  ffionc) ." 

All  this  leems  to  me  as  plain  and  unex- 
ceptionable aik  poiFtble,  and  arranged  with 
that  con^utive  dependence  of  theclaufes, 
which  preeminently  diftinguiflies  this 
incomparable  reaibner.  The  domineering 
mannera  of  rich  men  ari^  from  the  fan* 
cicd  fupcriority  of  their  endowments  j 
this  notion  of  Aiperiority  in  wealth  fprings 
firom  their  conception  of  wtalth  as  a  cri- 
terion of  value  to  all  other  things  i  and 
this  conception  is  piwiuced-by  daily  ex^ 
perienct,  which  aftualiy  ^afcertains  this 
general  truth,  that  all  things  have  then- 
price^  and  are  acceffible  to  the  influence  of 
w«akh:  a  pofition^  too  much  couttte* 
oanced  b^  the  conduft  of  men  m  all  ages. 
The  teftsmon^  of  Horace  is  fo  very  pef%- 
nent  and  cxpiieit  to  tkit  effe^,  fat.  ii.  3. 
94^^99.  aj  to  deferve  quotation  : 
Omnis  eflim  liiy 

Month  .  MA9.  No.  xxx. 


this  city,  to  the  young  gu'ls  educated  lA 
them,  beyond  the  period  of  their  conti- 
nuance io  their  relpedive  fdhools.  For  it 
alwavs  feemed  to  me  that  the  buiiifeft 
was  left  incomplete,  however  well  the  in- 
dilutions  theralebrcs  might  be  regulated^ 
if  the  obje6ts  of  them  were  abandon^  to 
take  their  chance  in  the  world^  often 
without  partnt,  proteftor,  or  friend^  at 
the  very  moment  when  they  are  moft  lia- 
ble to  a  tmin  of  cvlls^  more  fatal  perh:^^ 
In  their  confequence  than  even  ^ofe  firom 
which,  in  their  infant  years,  they  had 
been  refcued. 

The  outline  of  the  plan  is  as'  follows  s 
—♦That  every  girl,  on  her  leaving  either 
of  the  fchools,  If  her  behaviour  m  them 
was  approved,  (hall  have  the  option  of 
becoming  a  member  of  the  friendly  focietjr 
on  the  following  terms/  Entrance  mo- 
nty  as.*  6d;  Subfcription  for  the  iirft 
two  years  (when  her  wages  as  a  iervant 
mav  be  fuppofed  lo  be  very  fraall),  quar« 
terly ,  1  s .  Afterwards  the,fum  of  1  s .'  6d* 
quarterly.  And  when  the  fubfcription 
has  been  paid  one  halfxear,  ihe  fliall  be 
entitled  to  the  benefits;  which  at^  as 
'  follow  t' 

The  f\im  of  4$*.  per  week  m  any  ex- 
I  i  .  tremo 


Mrs,  Cappe  on  Female  Benefit  Societies. 


240 

fretne  cair>  where  admifllon'iiito  the  coun- 
ty hofpital  ihall  be  jadged  ineligible  by 
the  ftewardefles  for  the  time  being.   ' 

Z8«  per  week  in  any  lingering  difcafe, 
which  may  not  confine  the  (ick  member 
to  her  bed,  oblige  her  to  leave  her  fervice, 
or  wholly  di fable  her,  if  married,  from 
^tending  the  care  of  her  family. 

The  lum  of  10s.  6d.  on  the  birth  of 
every  child,  if  her  circumftances  arc  ftich 
as  to  require  this  aiTiftance. 

IS.  6d.  per  week,  if  flie  be  entered  a 
patient  in  the  hofpital,  during  her  ftay 
there,  for  waihing  and  cloaths ;  and  more- 
over. 

After  having  been  a  member  40  years, 
(he  (hall  be  entUled  to  all  the  henehts  of 
the  inilitution,  without  farther  contrlbu- 
tion*  if  the  ftate  of  the  fund  fliall  at  that 
timeliefuch  as  to  admit  of  it. 

Honorary  members  contribute  6s.  per 
ann.  by  fttfvance,  into  the  public  fund  ; 
and' the  like  fum  of  6s.  annually  into  a 
fund  intended  likewife  for  the  benefit  of 
the  (bcietyy  but  not  fubjt£l  to  paiticutsDr 
laws,  and  for  the  difpofal  of  which  the 
honorary  members  are  not  accountable 
to  the  lociety  at  large.  Without  hono- 
rary members,  and  indeed  without  a  fe- 
parate  fund,  properly  their  own,  one 
great  objeft  of  the  inftitution,  which  is  to 
aiFord  patronage  in  health,  as  well  as 
pecuniary  aid  in  ficknefs^  would  not  be 
obtained. 

The  number  of  honorary 

members  at  prefent  Is  -  4.7 

Of  benefitted  ditto  -         -  80 

Caih  in  the  general  fund  iC'^  ^  ^ 
In  the  ladies  fund         -  54  11     o 

The  ladies  fubfcrilDe  out  of  their  own 
fund  to  the  county  hofpital,  and  to  a  dif- 
penfary  eftabliftiol  in  this  city,  to  the 
end  that  they  ma^  always  have  recom- 
mendations for  the  ufe  ot  fick  members. 
Befides  the  zirls  educated  in  the  charitf - 
fchoolsy  each  honorary  member  has  the 
privilege,  of  recommpading  one  every 
year,  at  the  quarterly  meeting  in  Febru- 
ary, who  has  not  been  educated  in  either 
of^them,  provided  (he  be  in  good  healthy 
of  good  charailer,  and  under  25  years  of 
age. 

It  mud  not  be  concealed,  that  all  the 
good  effe«5ts  hopeii  for  from  this  inftrtn- 
tion  have  not  yet  been  found  to  refult 
from  it :  many  of  the  girls  who  have  been 
admitted,  even  after  they  have  received 
great  afliftance,  and  patronage  of  every 
Kind,  have  from  time  tu  time  cealed  to 
pay  their  iinall  contribution,  and  have 
withdrawn   th^mfelv«s«     TbifL  circum- 


ftance,  mortifying  as  it  may  be,,  wii]  set 
furprife,  if  it  be  remembered,  that  coi,- 
fiderable  comprehenlion  of  mind  is  rt- 
quired  to  rellnquifh  a- very  fmall  advan- 
tage, if  it  be  prefent,  for  the  fake  of  a  iar 
greater  good,  if  it  be  diftant  j  and  rlpc- 
cially  it  it  appear  in  any  meal'ure  contin- 
gent: and  moreover,  that  the  relhiftloBs 
of  a  charity -fchool,  if  it  be  well  rrgulit- 
ed,  m  themfelves  however  juft  and  ntret- 
fary,  and  the  very  circumftincc  of  the  va- 
rious wants  of  the  children  fo  educated 
being  regularly  fupplied,  muft  neccflfiirily 
prechide  both  that  acquaintance  with  the 
charafler  of  others,  lo  u(cful  to  put  a 
young  perlbn  on  her  g«ird  againft  had 
advice,  and  that  experience  of  the  wanti 
and  diftrelTes,  incident  to  extreme  indl- 
gence,  which  the  fame  g^'rl  •  would  have 
acqulitrd  in  the  houfe  ot  her  paroiti,  or  t 
other  needy  relatives  j  fo  that  the  v^ry 
circumdance,  which  renders  fome  fort  of  , 
patronage  on  leaving  fuch  an  int^itmioa 
efpecialiy  neceflfary,  creates,  at  the  fame 
time,  confiderable  difficulty  in  adopting 
any  which  may  prove  effe^lual. 

It  may  not  be  impertinent  to  add,  that 
this  total  ignorance  of  human  life  is  2 
defe^,  which  unavoidably  mud  attach 
itfelf  to  this  mode  of  education,  and  si*. 
furedly  IcHens  the  utility  of  i^fo  roocbf 
that,  except  in  the  cafe  of  orphans  relcu<d 
from  apari(h  work-houfe,  or  of  children, 
whofe  parents  are  notorioufly  abandoned ; 
it  ihay  even  become  a  i)ueftioA,  hew 
far  it  is  defuablef  tiotwithftanding  the 
actvantages  which  refult  from  thofe  habit* 
of  fobriety,  order,  induftry  and  cleanli- 
nefs,  which  may,  and  ouent  to  be  gtce- 
rated  in  fuch  an  inftitutjon.  So  tar^  I 
think,  mull  be  granted,  that  wferever  the 
parents  aie  living,  and  are  decent  charsc- 
ters,  if  is  the  beft  charity,  moft  favoura- 
ble to  the  cultivation  of  the  (bcial  afcc- 
tions,  and  n[K>ft  conducive  to  the  well  being 
and  happine£i  of  all  parties,  that  they 
ihould  have  fiich  aids  judicioufly  afTordfd 
them,  as  may  enable  them  to  educate  their 
children  under  their  own  roof. 

But  to  return  from  this  digreflioo.  Tne 
honorary  members  of  the  fbciety  flatter 
themfelves,  that  when  time  (hall  have 
(hewn  the  great  advantage  of  being  a 
memb^,  by  the  diiferent  fate  in  their 
progrfis  through  Irfc,  of  thpfe  who  hare, 
and  thofe  who  have  not  remained  fuch,  a 
convi<Si6n  of  its  defirablenefs,  £0  forcible 
will  be  the  refult,  as  to  fupply  the  Inabi- 

*  *  This  obfervation  does  net  hold  cquallf  ia 
refped  to  %f,  who'  may  be  pbctd  oaS  Co  lit- 
tit  tra4«s  xAHcb  earlier* 


Prize  tfthi  Royal  Medical  Soctetyy  Edinburgh.  .  S+I 

Tfl  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 


lityof  reafoning  and  judging  for  them- 
ie\ve$,  even  in  the  minds  ot  the  naoft  in- 
experienced j  and  they  are  encouraged  m 
this  hope,  by  feeing  that  the  numbers  who 
withdraw  thcmfclves  confiderably  ieflen 
every  year.  In  the  mean  time,  however, 
in  order  *to  attach  thcfc  young  people  by 
.  a  principle  which  applies  to  their  prefent 
feelings,  the  honorary  members  jom  them 
in  a  proccflion,  once  in  two  years,  to  the 
cathedral  here,  in  which  they  walk  at 
their  head,  giving  each  a  green  ribbon  to 
place  in  their  hats,  as  a  mark  of  diftmc- 
tion,  and  wearing  the  like  themfelves; 
and  after  the  return  of  the  proceUion,  re- 
gale them  with  tea. and  cake,  addrefUng 
each  member  pcrfonally,  and  inquiring 
intotheirrefpeaive  fituations.  It  deferves 
to  be  remaikcd,  that  not  one  inftancc  has 
occurred  of  a  youn^  perfon's  withdrawing 
herfelf  from  the  fociety,  who  has  been  in- 
troduced by  an  honorary  member. 

The  plan  adopted  by  the  ladies  at 
Wilbeach,  mentioned  in  your  Magazme 
ivv  fVbrusyy  (p.  S^)*  o*'  allowmg  an 
annuity  to  aged  members,  who  have  rc- 
luaintd  fingle,  or  who,  being  married, 
have  not  received  any  contribution  during 
their  lyiiig-in,  is,  I  think,  aft  effential 
improvenaent,  and  goes  far  to  obviate  the 
difficulty  arifing  from  the  inequality  ot 
benctits  received  by  married  and  "?""*^- 
ried  members,  where  pecuniary  afliftancc 
is  allowed  from  the  fund,  indiforders  inci- 
dent to  child-bearing.  May  not  the  rea- 
fon,  however,  be  alked,  wliy  a  member 
removing  fi-om  Wilbeach  is  not  entitled 
to  any  further  weekly  allowance?  May 
not  many  circumltances  aril'e,  tomake 
fuch  removal  matter  of  necefllty?  and  will 
fuch  poor  member  be  Icfs  likely  to  ftand 
in  need  of  pecuniary  afliftancc,  bccaufe 
Ihc  is  no  longer  under  the  immediate  eye 
of  her  generous. and  benevolent  patro- 
jieflcs? 

I  am  fony  to  have  lengthened  this  arti- 
tide  far  beyond  wl)at  I  had  intended  5 
bat  a^  the  hints  rcfpeaing  a  chavity-fchool 
education,  &c.  arofe  out  of  the  iubjea, 
and  axe  the  rcfult  of  Tome  obfei-vation 
and  experience,  I  have  hoped  tl^^J/^^y 
might  not  be  without  their  ufe.  If,  by 
inkrting  them  in  your  valuable  Magazine, 
it  fliouM  appear  that  you,  Mr.  Editor, 
arc  of  the 'rame  opinion,  I  may  perhaps, 
in  a  future  number,  trouble  you  with 
fomc  account  of  the  rife,  progreis,  and 
prefent  regidations  of  the  two  particular 
I'chooU,  with  a  view  to  the  future  benefit 
of  the  girls  educated  in  which,  thefnendly 
fociety  above  defcribed  was  principally 
farmed.     I  am,  Sir,  your  humblcfervant, 

r«rA,  April!,  i79«-  C-  Cappc. 


THE  following  aiticlc  of  intelligence 
wiU  probably  prove  interefting  tq 
fome  of  your  phUoipphical  readers. 

In  the  year  1794»  the  Royal,  Medical 
Society  of  Edinbursch  offered  a  F»»«  'J*^ 
the  beft  experimental  eflay  which  mould  Be 
prefented  to  tliem,  in  reply  to  feveral  que- 
ries  propofed  on  the  fubjca  of  animal 
clearicity.  Some  unavoidable  caufes  ot 
delay  havfe  deferred  the  final  determma* 
tion  tiU  the  preTent  time,,  when  the  pro- 
feffors,  who  were  nominated  as  judges, 
communicated  to  the  fociety  the  foUowmg 
dccifion,  ,  ^       4 

"  The  eflay  to  which  the  motto  nemo 
ultra  pojfe  teneiwr  is  prefixed,. containmg 
new  and  ingenious  experiments,  and  an^ 
fwering  all  Uie  queftions  propofed,  is  the 
bell  experimental  ;eflay  which  has  been  re- 
ceived, and  is  therefore  entitled  to  the 
prize ;  at  the  fame  time  the  judges  unani- 
mouily  declare,  that  they  cannot  coin- 
cide with  the  author  in  his  theoretical  de- 

duftions."  ,  .  ,  J. 

Upon  opening  the  letter  which  accoiti* 
panifd  this  efl-ay.  it  was  found  to  have 
been  written  by  Dr.CREVE,  profeflor,  at 
Mayence.  .  ' 

^y  order  of  the  Committee, 

G.  C.  Delarive,  M.  D. 
George  BirkbeCic. 
John  Bostock. 
Edinburgh  Medical  Hall,  Feb.  23,  i79«* 

If 

For  the  Monthly  Magazine. 
ALett^k  fioma  Merchant  o/Tom- 
BUGTOO,  a  capital  City  on  '^  j^^^- 
ierranean  Sea,  in  the  Center  o/A/rtca, 
/oi&«  Friend  there.  . 

CTranPt^  from  the  Ortzinal  Tomhiffan  by  a 
Moorifr  Dragoman.) 
•     London i  tbt  izrf  of  the  Moon  of  the  Lion, 
Tear  50,  751- 

TEEE,  the  mercUant  of  Tombuaoo, 
metropolis  of  the  world,  to  hi« 
friend  Cooo,  thefcribcj  afoundmmdm 
a  found  body.  Joy,  my  friend '.while 
thefe  favages  are  endeavouring  to  difcover 
our  city,  I  am  in  the  midft  of  their?. 
Their  whole  manners  are  fo  remote  trom 
thole  of  the  civilized  world,  that  I  am . 
overwhelmed  with  ftrange  particularities, 
and  hardly  know  where  to  begin.  I  Jhall, 
therefore,  content  myfelf,  at  prefent,  with 
a  few  obfei-vations ;  refervmg  further  in- 
formation for  future  opportunities.    ^ 

In  the  firft  place,  I  (hall,  as  in  duty 
bound,    confidcr  th?  importanU    projeft-  , 

H^  wlucb 


LetUrfrm  it  Merchant  0/  T^Mufl990 


which  our  iponarch  (of  whom  thou  art 
the  iitful  fervant)  ha»  formed,  for  the 
fubjugation  of  thefe  barhartans.  To  pre- 
vent aiiy  other  African  Mtton  firom  aifert. 
lag  any  claim  of  prior  difcovery  of  this 
remote  iikmdy  I  in  the  night  proceeded 
boldly  to  the  chief  temple,  in  the  center 
•f  this  city,  and  affifxed  the  holy  badge  of 
•ttP  relieioa,  a»  a  token  of  the  right  of 
dK  glorious  ievereign  of  Tombii£loo.  I 
ftlfl>  buried  a  bottle  contaianngall  his  titles, 
liib]oifled  \o  which  is  a  folemn  claim  of 
tkkt  newly  difdoTcred  iOands  in  the 
aertbem  fea,  as  gems  inherent  in  his 
«fown}  and  of  the  jnhabitaots,  as  (heep 
.  feferved  for  hix  own  flaughter-houfe. 
There  can,  therefore,  be  no  tuture  doubt 
to  whom  ^fe  iflands  belong. 

Our  numerous  Hects  may  cafiiy  proceed 
down  the  great  river,  and,  entenng  the 
*eean,  aflail  the(e  lands  on  the  weft. 
The  fevaget  hare,  indeed »  many  and 
krge  ihips ;  but  they  are  happily  ftran- 
cers  to  that  fubmarine  fire,  fo  long  pre- 
rervcd  as  a  fecret  of  our  ftate,  and  by 
wWch  a  fiew  of  our  boats  may  (end  all 
theii'  fleet  into  the  air,  and  rtnder  it  onlj 
an  iHumhiatioii  of  our  triumph.  Their 
foldiers  are  numerous,  but  not  clothed  in 
metal  J  in  conftquence  they  are  (juite  ex- 
pofed  to  thofe  ftiower*  of  active  and 
"  *  caiiftic  poifon,  uted  by  our  troops ;  by 
whieh,  when  eteAed  to  a  prodigious 
height  by  our  vaft  machines,  whole  territo- 
ries may  be  cfvcrwhrimed,  and  myriads' 
of  men  Tent  to  their  fathers ;  the  touch 
behig  inftant  death,  and  the  very  air 
rendered  poifon.  May  the  bleiGng  of  all 
our  gods  attend  the  glorious  inventor  of 
this  artiftcial  peftilence,  the  fecret  of 
which  is  only  Itnown  to  us,  ^the  chofen 
pcopk  of  heaven,  the  chief  of  all  civilized 
nations!  Let  us  bead  to  the  gods  in 
lwn»bl«  ackM-ation  for  this  favour,  and 
ever  remember  their  infinite  goodnefs  and 
n)ercy.  Moil  juft  it  is,  and  moft  necef- 
fary. 

I' here  is  2  king  in  this  coxmtry,  hut  it 
Is  chitfty  paii-ilby  a  (brt  of  lenate;  which, 
inlkad  of  ineetiue  in  the  morning,  the 
ufuid  ^d  chofen  liour  of  the  ibuf  s  vi- 
gQiu:,  aflcmble*  m  the  night,  even  in  the 
nights  of  winter.  Hence  foHow  colds 
and  catarrhs,  and  poUiical  fevers,  and 
maiiy  inflammajtory  fyniptnms.  Their 
ftate  eoiuic^ts,  as  may  be  cxpc»5it:d,  are 
far- inferior  to  ours;  and  forgctti»>g  that 
wifijpm  i»  the  lot  of  the  f*:w,  ihey  al- 
wjvt  di)t«ide  by,  the  majority,  a  Cnjrulai- 
infiancv  of  direct  oppoiition  to  our  conili- 
tatipn. 
X  hir«itlly  a^ee  witA.  all  Africa  ia  ex- 


ecration of  thde  cannibals.  That  tlvy 
arc  cannibals  I  am  convinced.  Wouldft 
tliou  think,  my  friend,  that  out  of  thou, 
iands  of  blacks,  imported  by  them,  I 
have  hardly  Icen  halt  a  dozen,  fpared,  I 
fuppole,  as  uliial  among  the  wcwft  iav^ 
ges,  by  fome  favour,  or  tortuttous  circvm. 
Sance?  The  reft  are  all  eaten  I 

The  vengeance  will  be  fweeti  we  fliaQ 
export  theAi  by  whole  (hip  loads,  and 
(eU  them  to  the  (buthern  cannibals  of 
Africa.  Many  of  the  people  are  very  fat 
and  l^ir,  particularly  of  the  cafts  ot  th« 
Spank  idoodels,  and  of  the  Hahums  and 
the  Mummums.  This  fp^cuUtion  will 
be  excellently  profitable.  I  (hould  exped 
from  ^yt  to  twenty  dinars  per  man. 

A|  to  the  colonies  to  be  ient  hcvr,  they 
may  be  caiily  and  firmly  eftablilhed.    A 
few  myriads  deftroyed  by  the  artificial 
earthouakes,  which  we  kn«w  bowto  nro- 
duce  10  eafily ;  and  two  or  three  miluoss 
biased  by  our  artificial  pcftilesces,  the      I 
reft  will  be  overawed  $.  and  wUl  refpe£l  oitf      | 
farther  orogrefs   in  civUicationy  and  fu«      , 
peribr  fliill  in  the  arts  of  death  and  de- 
ftru6lion.     We  muft,  by  all  mems,  iQ.      ' 
fift  on  the  eftablifhment  of  a    ddjpotic 
govemment,  exactly  fmiilar  to  owr  own.      , 
Without  this  the  people  could  have  no      ' 
libertv    lior    bappinefs,    and   of   courie 
would  grow  fretful  and  Ican^  the  very 
thing  to  be  avoided  \  as  our  profit  de- 
pends much  upon  their  fat  and  good  con- 
dition. 

The  lean  and  defonned  may,  however, 
be  occupied  for  our  profit,  in  manufac- 
tures, in  which  they  fhcw  forac  little  (kill. 
Indeed,  I  am  told  they  have,  in  this 
branch,  excelled  moft  of  the  (hvaces  of 
the  north,  for  thefe  forty  years.  Sefore 
this,  nv)ft  aiticles  were  imported,  in,  ex- 
change for  their  wool,  a  ftaple  ctimmo- 
dity,  and  alwa)[S  a  favourite ;  inlbmuc}!, 
that  perhaps  Ibme  of  our  Tcmbu£bn 
fociety  of  antlquaiians  may  thence  dtariv^ 
the  fingriilar  partialitv  of  this  voracious 
people  tor  the  woolly  neads  of  the  neg^noe;. 
This  I  leave  to  the  learned.  I  have  told 
thee,  Friend  Cooo,  that,  about  forty  jrears 
back,  thefe  favagcs  imported  moft  arti- 
clcs  of  manufacture  \  and,  I  am  told,  but 
know  not  how  to  credit  It,  that  fuch  was 
formerly  their  rage  for  importation,  that 
they  have  repeatedly  imported  their  kings 
from  the  Continent  j  as  beii^  men  of  a 
fuperior  manufaflure  to  any  made  in 
their  country.  This  I  fuppole  is  one  of 
the  fables,  obtriuled  upon  igi^erai^  tra- 
vellers. 

I  know  not  well  what  ttfligion  thefs 
wUd  people  piofcis*    But  wf  muft  fco4 

•  '^      im 


Inttrefiing  Defcriptim  of  Gibreltar. 


048 


Some  nUBoii^kies  to  convert  them  to  our 
faithi  to  the  holy  profeffion  of  Magotifmy 
without  w)iich  no  man  can  be  (kved. 
Their  bodies  are  undoubtedly  ours,  by 
every  la^  human  and  divine;  and  we 
ihall  kod  them  to  the  Au'mbles  by  thou- 
(ioAtf  according  to  the  ftatutes  of  Tihi, 
concerning  peace  and  war.  But  heaven 
forbid  that  we  (hould  not  previouily  en- 
deavour to  fave  their  Ibulsy  for  we  cannot 
vA\  that  aerial  part.  If  a  few  myriadt 
be  fx>afted  by  a  flow  fire,  and  remarkably 
well  bafted»  I  could  almoft  anfwer  for 
the  conToriion  of  the  reiAalnder.     Adieu  \ 


To  the  EStor  rf  the  Mouibljf  Magasane. 

THE  ihclufed  letter  was  written  by  a 
young  artift  on  his  way  to  Rome, 
with  a  view  of  proiecutlng  his  ihidies  In 
the  line  of  his  profcfllon.  As  it  contains 
a  fuller  and  more  curious  defcriptioti  of 
the  rock  of  Gibraltar  than  I  have  ever 
ieen,  I  cannot  but  'hope  that  it  will  prove 
acceptable  to  your  readeit. 
lotbAfrily  1798.  I.S. 

DBAItSfRy  Sipt,%%. 

You  willy  no  doubt,  be  furprifed  when 
you  fiod  by  this  letter,  that  we  are  (UU  at 
Gibraltar.     •  •♦     The    fineft   part  of 


fied  fttbftance  found  in  our  colinry  firef* 
commonly  called  clinkers,  and  a  coniider- 
able  portion  of  it  exhibits  a  furinoe  very 
fimiiar  to  the  drofii  of  iron.    When  there* 
itaneaftwind^adeniecloodit  feeiltorei^  , 
on  its  fummit ;  this  cloud  if  called  by 
Tailors  iu  cao.    One  (hould  be  ied  to  fup- 
^fej  from  ttie  variety  of  drelTesy  manners, 
ionns,  and  phyfiognomiesy  that  throng  the 
landing  place  and  principal  ftreet  at  the 
town,  that  there  was  a  grand  coaventiott 
eftabliflied  here,  in  which  eveiy  nation  had 
its  reprefentative.     The  habits  of  fi>nie  of 
the  Moors  throw  you  back  to  the  age  of 
the  apoftles,  and  thefa*  countenances  ate 
marked  with  all  that  energy*  To  much  ad* 
mired  in  the  fublime  compofitions  of  Rn** 
phael.    I   faw  fandals  on  the  feet  of  a 
Greek  exaAly  iimilar  to  thofe  of  the  aa^ 
citms.    The  only  articles  that  are  cheip 
here,  are,   Malaga  and  Catalonia  winety 
fruit,  Barbary  fowls,  fifli,  and  a  few  Baft 
India  commodities.  Mackarel  are  a  penny 
each  i  a  iine  bream,  fuiBcient  for  the  din* 
ner  of  three  perfons,  a  quarter  of  a  dol- 
lar; a  water  melon,  fixpence;  the  finelb 
grapes  three  halfpence  a  pound;  large 
onions  a  penny  a  pound ;  the  wines  about 
ten-pence  a  bottle.    Their  butter  is  exe* 
crable;    their  meat  very  indifferent,  and 
both  very  dear,  as  is  indeed  every  thii^ 


the  year  is  pafling  rapidly  awavj  and    clTe :  I  omitted  the  fowls ;  they  are  gene^ 

the  time,  which  might  be  ufirfully  era-    """  -* ^*" —  -"-" ^*~^  -"^ —      '^*'^ 

ployed,  is  diiTipated  inlangor  and  chagrin. 
How  different  are  the  emotions  with  which 
I  now  contemplate  this  celebrated  fortrefs, 
to  thofe  I  experienced  when  we  firfi  call 
anchor  before  it.  Then  my  foul  was 
tranfported  with  enthufiaim,  and  fb  eager 
was  I  to  viftt  it,  that  I  had  nearly  been  pre- 
cipitated into  the  fea  through  my  impa- 
tience to  get  on  (hore.  At  prefent  it  app^a 
likea  micflancholy  memento  of  time  unprofi 


rally  about  three  dollars  the  dc^aen.  The 
charge  at  public  places  of  entertainmenit 
for  a  very  moderau  dinner,  is  never  left 
than  a  dollar  per  head.  Noperfonis  fuf* 
fered  to  vifit  the  upper  parts  of  the  roclg^*^ 
or  the  curious  works,  which  are  conftruA* 
ed  in  them,  without  a  permit  firom  the  g9* 
vemor.  It  requires  n  day  to  go  over  tl^ 
and  you  mutt  provide  yourfelvcs  with  ft 
number  of  necefbries  to  enable  you  tm 
perform  the  journey  with  pleafure«     At  I 


tably  wafbd,  and  only  excites  fenfations  of  was  one  of  a  party  Who  got  a  permit,  I  will 

unavailing  anxiety  and  regret.    Notwith-  conclude  this  account  of  Gibraltar  with 

ftandtng,  as  it  mufl  always  be  confidered,  an  exti-a^  from  my  journal  which  relates 

in'every  point  of  view,  as  a  moft  intereft-  to  our  expedition.  The  d^  being  arrived 

ing  objen,  I  fhali  make  it  the  principal  ^that  had  been  appointed  for  our  excuriiony 

fubje^t  of  this  letter.     We  arrived  in  the  I  i'et  off  eaily  in  the  morning,  and  met  the 

bay  of  Gibraltar  on  the  night  of  Friday  company  on  board  the  •  •  •  •  brig.     Se* 


the  tSth  of  Angufty  and  came  to  an  anchor 
about  twelve  o*clock.  The  following 
morning  we  changed  our  ftation,  and  got 
cloier  to  tlie  town.  At  nine  an  officer 
came  on  hoard  for  our  certificate  of  healthy 
previouily  to  the  delivery  of  which,  no  one 
is  permitted  to  land.  The  rock  of  Ot'^ 
brakar  hds  the  appearance  of  an  inunenie 


vera!  aiticles  were  provided,  both  to  aa^ 
ble  us  to  lAtisfy  our  curiofity  with  conve* 
■iency,  and  to  refinefh  us  when  fatigued  | 
hefides  refrelhments,  we  had  coarfe  jackets 
and  trowiers;  candles,  flambeaux,  flint 
and  fteel,  and  a  tinder  box  :  we  hnd  alfii 
four  Tailors  to  carry  our  rattle  trape.  When 
we  had  xtached  the  rock,  by  a  tolertbk 


niais  of  cakined  ftone ;  the  upper  part  cf  eafy  deicent,  we  arrived  at  the  lower  range 
it,  as  fe^n  from  the  bay,  lookjr  as  if  com-  of  the  rubttmneous  galleries.  The  iden 
poJcd  of  a  brownilb  pumice  ffone;  fome  of  forming  theie  gnUeries  was  or^inally 
fart  of  ithatthsl«iftare«f  ihat  half  Vimii*    €«»eeivBd  by  th«  late  govemqi  £iliot»  and 

by 


244 


FsrtificatiGns  €f  Gibraltar.  . 


by  )iim  \r{  fbmc  men  fine  ctirricd  into  exe- 
cution :  but  ilnco  hi'i  death  more  |>erfV6lIy 
^om pJeted  by  General  0»Ua|«a.  They 
■re  conitrii6K(l,  not  only  for  tlie  protccV^oIl 
•of  the  men,  but  alfa  tor  nKicing  camion  to 
annoy  die  enemy  in  fituat-uns  inacceHlble 
ooJy  by  hich  a  contriv^mcc. 

Thefc  galleries  are  very  extenfive, 
pierce 'the  rock  in  (evcral  places  and  in 
various  dire<!:) ions, mud  at  various  degrees 
of  elcvajion  j  all  of  them  have  a  com- 
munication with  each  .  other/  either  by 
flights  of  fteps  cut  in- the  rock,  or  by 
woixlen  ftairs,  where  the  parages  are  re- 
quired to  be  vei*y  perpendicular. 

The  centinels  may  now  be  rclIevM 
ilurlnt^  a  fiege  from  one  port  to  another  in 
perte»?t  lafcty,  whereas  piTviouny  to  the 
•onttniiling  of*  the(e  galleries  a  vaft 
number  ot  mca  were  killed  by  the 
Spaniards,  while  marching  to  their  leveral 
ftations.  The  width  of  thefc  galleries  is 
about  twelve  feet,  their  height  about 
Iborteen.  The  rock  is  broken  through 
in  various  places,  both  for  the  pur  pole  of 
riving  light  and  for  placing  the  guns  to 
bear  on  the  enemy.  In  .  different  parts 
there  are  fpacious  recefTes  capable  of  ac- 


tures  are  broken  through,  where  cannon  of 
a  very  large  calibre  command  the  ifthmus, 
,  the  Spunim  lines,  and  a  great  part  of  the 
bay.     The  top   of  the   rock  ir  pierced 
through,  la   as   to   introduce   fufficicnt 
light  to  enable  yop  to  view  ewry.part  of 
it.     It  appears  ahnoil  incredible  that  fo 
large  an  excavation  could  be  fbnrtcd  by 
gunpo^fjder,  without  blowing  upthrwholt 
of  that  part  of  the  rock,  and  ftill  nwre 
fo,  that  they  ihould  be  able  to  direfl  the 
operations  of  fuch  an  inftnnnent,  fo  at  to 
render  it  fubfervieiit  to  the  ^nirpofe  of 
elegance.     We  found  in  the  ball  a  table, 
placedi  I  fuppofe,  for  Uje  convenicncy  of 
thole  who  are  traverfing  the  rock.     Tht 
cloth  was  fprfcad,  the  wine  went  round, 
and  we  made  the   vaulted  roof  refound 
with  the  accents  of  mirth  and  the  fongsof 
conviviality.       Having  fufiiciently    re- 
freshed ourfelves,  we  mounted  by  a  flight 
of  wooden  fteps  to   the  outiide  of  thit 
portion  uf  the  rock,  where   (eated  on  a 
crag  that  projc^cd  from  the  main  body  of 
it,  I  contemplated  the  fimple,  yet  grand 
objeils  that  were  before  me  j  thcfe  were 
the  iflhmuH  that  connects  Gibraltar  with 
the  main  land,  the. purple  mountains  of 


conunodating  a  confiderablc  number  of  Spain  dying  imperceptibly  away  into  the 

men.     To  thefc  nceflcs  they  give  names,  atmofpherc,  and  tlic  Mediteranean,  ter- 

fiich    as     St.     Patrick's    Chamber,    St.  minateJ  by  the  line  of  the  horizon,  which 

George's  Hall,  &c.      The  whole  ot  thefe  was  now  and  theA  broken  by  the  white 

fingular  ftrufturcs  have  been  formed  out  lailof  fomc  dillant  veifel  that  difappeared 

•f  the  folid  rock  by  blafling  with  gun-  almoif  the  moment  it  was  ob$nVcd.  Above 

powder.     Through  the  politenels  of  an  «>y  head  towered  the    ftoney   ridges  «f 

officer  on   duty,   a    place  called  Smart's  Calpe.     From  this 'place  we  proceeded 

Jlefcrvoir  was  operfed  for  our  infpeftion,  upwards   by   a  winding  road   cut  with 


which  is  a  great  curiolity  and  not 
generally  permitted  to  be  (hewn.  It  is 
a  Ipring  at  a  confiderable  depth  in  the 
body  of  the  rock,  and  is  above  700  feet 


infinite  labour,  till  we  arrived  at  the 
fignal  houfe :  This  houle  i&  erefled  on 
one  of  the  higheft  elevations  of  the  rock, 
and  a  feijeant's  guard  is  conilantly  on 


above  the  level  of  the  fea  j  we  defcended    duty  tlvcre  to  put  up  the  finals  that  are 


into  the  cavern  that  contains  it  by  a  rope 
ladder,  and  with  the  aid  of  lighted  candies 
proceeded  through  a  narrow  paflage  oVcr 
cryfta Hired  protuberances  of  the  rock  till 
came  to  a  hollow,  which  appears  to 


held  out  on  various  occaiTons.  Every 
evening  a  gun  is  fired  at  fun'fetfrom  this 
place.  As  fcveral  of  the  company  were 
very  much  fati^ed,  and  their  curiohty  not 
fo  ardent  as  that  of  two  or  three  belonging 


have   Inrtn  opened  by  fomc  convullion  of  to  them,  they  derermineil  to  proceed  ilowly 

nature.     Hei-c  fi-om  a  bed  of  gems  arifes  towkrds  St.  Michael's  cave  witliout  iitek- 

the  lalutary  fount,  clear  as  tiic  brilliant  ing  any  more   adventures.      A  Captain 

of  the  eaft ,  and  cold  as  the  icicle.     We  •••♦,  another  and  myii^lf  detemuned  to 

hiiled  the  nymph  of  the  grot,  and  profti'at-  climb  to  the  top.of  two  lofty  cidces  that 

ing  ourfelves,  quaffed  hygean  ne6tar  from  were  out  qf  the  common  road,  and  might 

her  fparry  ifm.     When  rcftored  to  the  beconfidered  as  the  very  fummit  of.  the 

light  of  day,  we  obtained,  througli  the  mountain.  In  attaining  tnis  giddy  height, 

meditnn  of  the  fame  gentleman,  the  key  of  our  hands  and  feet  weiie  ieverely  lacerated 

St.  Gcorge*s  Hall,  at  which  we  aiTived  by  and  bruiled  by  the  edges  of  the  crags  and 

a  very  intricate  and  gloomy  path  td  the  the  thorny    plants   that    grew    in  their 


fpacious  excavation,  which  is  upwards  of 
an  hundred  feet  in  length>  .its  height 
nearly  the  feme.  It  it  formed  in  a  lemi- 
(circulai*  part  of  the  rock }  fpacious  aper* 


interftices.  f*rom  tlic  cloud^«apt  fummit 
of  this  cohmm  of  Hercules,  wc  neliQld  the 
(bore  where  ancient  Atlas  fpreads  his 
bcoad  ihouldcrs^  an  impregoabl^  nun^^aix 


Z)laleifs  of  thr  Arctmic  Langnage. 


24f 


to  the  tawny  fons  of  Barbary  }  wh»4e  the 
doudi  roiling  beneath  our  feet  enveloped 
in  fliade  the  nioii|itainous  coaft  of  Anda- 
hiGa.  Beneath  us  on  our  right,  the  Ions 
of  commerce  fheltcred  their  fea-wom  baiks 
in  the  bay,  and  on  the  other  fidf ,  the 
billows  ot  the  Mtnilterranean  laved  with 
hollow  mumiurings  the  adainatinebafe  of 
the  rock.  Contiguous  to  the  I'pot  where 
we  flood  every  objtd^  affumcd  the  moft 
firage  afpefl  j  the  wild  boar  eyed  us 
•  with  terrific  glance  as  he  ruftled  through 
the  thorny  vegetation,  and  hurried  then  to 
the  gloomy  rccefles  of  the  rock.  The 
ape,  with  her  young  dole  clinging,  lea'Jjt 
the  precipices,  inacceilible  to  man>  and 
grinned  defiance  to  him  on  their  utmolt 
verge.  Half  way  down  the  fteep,  the 
cormorant  built  her  folitary  nelt ;  the  * 
caverns  retom  a  harfti  and  melancholy 
echo  to  the  difcordant  notes  of  the  fea 
fowl  that  hover  over  the  deep,  At  St. 
Michael's  cave  we  joined  our  companions, 
who  anxioully  expefted  us  j  after  re* 
cniiting  our  ftrength,  we  put  on  our 
jackets  and  trowfers,  lighted  our  candles 
and  flambeaux,  and  proceeded  to  explore 
the  fecrets  of  this  furprifing  cavern.  Firfl 
wedefcended  a  fteep  declivity,  which  was 
exceedingly  llippery  from  the  humidity  of 
the  place,  till  we  approached  a  lofty 
column,  or  rather  clufter  of  columns,  tliat 
fhot  up  to  a  prodigious  height,  and  Teemed 
to  fupport  the  roof  of  that  part  of  the 
cavcni.  Twenty  yards  further,  amidfl 
large  clumps  of  cryftallized  rocks,  was  a 
fpnng  of  moil  delicious  water,  lb  perfedly 
pelhicid,  that  when  poured  into  a  tumbler. 
It  ^;;-as  with"  difficulty  diftinguifhed  from 
the  glais  that  contained  it.  From  this 
fpring,  with  cautious  ftep  and  currous  eye, 
we  trod  the  devious  paths,  fearful  thar 
Ibme  yawning  gulf  might  entomb  us  in 
its  immeafurable  abyls,  when  fuddenly 
tJie  way  became  fo  narro^v  as  to  render  it 
diliicult,  even  for  one  to  pafs  at  a  time. 
On  onedde  a  frightful  chafra,  which  none 
have  yet  been  able  to  fathom,  thi-eatcned  to 
enclofe  os  in  eternal  night ;  on  the  other 
fide,  ft uii»endous  rocks  raifed  their  ponder- 
ous maiTes  to  a  height  far  beyond  the 
reach  of  our  feeble  lights,  and  were  loll, 
wilh  the  roof  they  fiipported,  in  im- 
penetrable gloom  \  before  us  one  only  way 
prtfentcd  xtfelf,  and  through  a  narrow 
iilfure,  to  which  we  were  forced  to  climb 
over  rocks  of  a  tonjcal  form,  that  were  fo 
P«rfe£Uy  fmooth,  that  they  appeared  to 
be  polifhed  by  the  hand  of  art ;  here  fome 
of  our  company  were  at  a  ftand,  and  de- 
termined to  relinquifti  the  d^fign  of  pe- 
Jicchiing  farther.    The  r«ll  however  wcr^ 


refolved  tp  proceed,  and  one  ri{  the  boWeft 
ot  thefailors  was  the  firft  that  entered  the 
fiifure  J  in  a  moment  be  diTappeared  j  a 
chill  of  hotior  crept  through  tne  pulle  of 
every  one'prcicnti  haggard  looks  and 
deep  filcnce  marked  the  interval  that 
elapRd,  till  "he  was*  heard  to  exclaim, 
"  1  am  not  hurt  i  but  my  light  is.out." 
With  alacrity  we  entered  the  hlfure,  and 
lifting  up  our  lii^hts  beheld  him  ftaiiding' 
at  ^he  bottom  of  >  fteep  but  fmooth 
declivity,  poii/hedl:ke  the  conical  recks 
before  mentioned .  In  an  inftant  wc  joined 
him,  and  congratulated  him  on  his  iUiety. 
The  place  we  were  in,  appeared  the 
fan6luary  of  fupcrnattiral  beings  j  here 
the  airy  fpirits  of  the  Roficrufian  fyfteai 
/eemcd  to  weave  their  magic  fpclis.  A« 
the  bats  flitted  through  the  dun  mift  that 
filled  the  lofty  concave,  imagination 
pi6l»ired  them  as  bearing  on  tiieir  du&y 
pinions  myriads  of  filmy  gnomes  to  their 
leveral  occupations.  Finding  by  our 
watches  thnt-it  was  aliT)oft  fun-fet,  wc 
hurried  from  the  civem,  and  fortunately 
reached  the  gates  a  moment  before  they 
were  to  be  fhut.  Adieu,  remember  mc 
particulai:ly  to,  ^c.  &c.  and  believe  me^ 
dear  Sir,  your's  lincerely,      -       B.  C« 

For  the  Monthly  Magavdnt, 

Ccncerflm^  two  Dialects  of  th 

Aramic  Language. 

ARAM  was  foiTiierly  the  common 
name  of  all  the'couiitrits  included 
between  the  Meditepanean  and  the. 
Tigris,  as  well  as  of  the  peninlula  in- 
cluded between  the  Perllan  Gulf  and  the 
Red  Sea.  Thus  we  meet  with  Aram 
Damafccd,  as  a  deilgnatlon  of  tlw  diftrid^ 
about  Dam;iicus,  and  with  Aram  Naha- 
raim  (Syria  ot  the  riveis),as  a  defignaticn 
of  Meiopotamia  i  and  the  three  Arahlas 
ftill  retain  a  denoaiinatidn  dire^ly  fpring- 
ing  from  this  root.  The  original  tide  of 
population  feeras  to  have  diffufed  itlelf 
over  this  country  from  the  diftri<5l  callwd 
Eden,  firuate  at  its  northern  extremity. 

Whenceibever  the  fhepherds  of  Mefo- 
potarnia  firft  derived  their  language,  it 
was  very  early  divided  into  at  kalt  two 
diale<Sls,  an  eaftern  and  a  weftern.  The 
ttimily  of  Abraham,  which  was  (Gcne- 
fis  xi.  31.)  pf  Ur  (between  the  Mygdo- 
nius  and  the  Tigris),  fpoke  a  diiiertnt 
language  from  the  family  of  Laban, 
which  was  (xjcix.  4.)  of  Uaian  (between 
the  Chaboras  and  the  Eupluates).  Ja- 
cob calls,  by  the  Hebn-w  word  GaUed 
(xxxi.  47.),  that  which  Laban  calls  Jehar 
fabadutba.    It  is  evident  then,  that  the 

Hebrew 


aifS 


Cntiajm  m  Hi  Putfuks  tf  Literature. 


nCD|cw  WW  oncttsxi^  tnc  E^n- Aranic 
Hitleft,  fince  it  it  that  employed  by  the 
Ur  famtly  $  and  t)iat  ^  ChaMee  (as  it 
{•  called  by  xmr  theologians)  was  the 
Weft- Anmic  diale6t,  finer  it  is  that  em- 
ployed by  the  Haran  family. 

Babylon  (xi.o.)*  Damafcus  (xir.  15.), 
Mibably  Jcnilalem  (xir.  18.),  and  many 
ither  t«wns  of  conlequence,  wgn  already 
at  this  time  fcattered  over  Syria.  It  is 
thertfbre  moft  likely,  that  the  migration 
of  a  (ingle  family  would  not  materially 
affcA  the  general  diftribotion  of  diale^^  ; 
chat  the  ddfcendants  of  Abraham  would 
acquire  the  Wcft-Aramic  in  the  weft 
comitry  to  which  they  pafled  ^  and  that 
they  would  not  fuperinduce  their  own 
£aft- Aramic  language  on  the  inhabitants 
•f  Mamre,  of  Goflien,  and  of  Canaan. 
It  is^  yet  more  obriouily  certain,  that  the 
fctrcatof  Abraham^s  family  could  in  no- 
Ocimg  afteft  the  language  of  Ur  or  of 
Babylon}  and  that,  if  the  Hebrew  pre- 
^led  itT  the  eaft  country  at  tiK  time  of 
^ir  departure,  it  would  continue^  not- 
witldbndtng  their  abfence,  to  befpoken 
along  the  banks  of  the  Tigris. 

Accordingly  this  identical  diftribution 
vf  language  sqipears  ftill  to  have  fubiifted 
in^much  later  p«riods.  Daniel,  Ezra,  Ne- 
hnniah,  who  from  their  earlieft  years, 
vnrt  ediiicatcd  at  Babylon,  and  can  hardly 
have  known  ^  language  of  lerufalem, 
Iwrqueath  to  us  their  works  (fo  tar  as  thefe 
can  be  ieparated  from  I:iterpolated  roat^ 
ter)  in  the  Hebrew  or  Eaft- Aramic  dia- 
led. Whereas  the  fragment  of  Ezra 
(ill.  7.  tori.  18.),  written  after  the  ac- 
ceflion  of  the  fecond  Daiius  (iv.  14.),  and 
the  fragment  (ii.  4.  to  vii.  28.),  ot  the 
book  conccniing  I^iel,  written  after  the 
death  of  Alexander  (xi.  4.)  (twocompo- 
iitions  which  mske  their  appearance  kt 
Jerufalem),  are  drawn  un  m  the  Weft- 
Aramrc  diale^l.  ^  is  tne  Taigum  of 
.Cnkelos  and  the  other  ▼emacular  litera- 
ture of  Paleftine. 

So  that,  if  Hebrew  be  the  fitter  name 
forlhe  language  of  Jerufalem,  and  Chal- 
dec  for  the  language  of  Babylon,  it  is 
ptea  "wci  by  a  vulgar  error,  mifcal  the 
C^ixide^,  Hebrew;  and  the  Hebrew, 
Cfialdce.  The  Linguage  ot  Babylon,  or 
EjSft- Aramic,  being  cortimoiily  called 
Hbftrew ;'  and  the  language  of  jerufalem 
or-Weft.Arunic,  Mng  commonly  call«l 
Clntd«e )  *  j^tnl&omer,  which  has  erentu- 
sdty,  If  not  Inteiltionally,  favoured  the 
p<fftraikai— that  various  writings,  ap]>a- 
f^etitly  ptirtotther  at  Babyfon,'  are  the 
iiitepfil1WacOT.'1l«hiv^^  W  'tftj  JewIA 


To  the  EfGim^  9ftbe  Momhfy  Magaxhu. 

SIR, 

NO  Roman  author  has  written  io  fo 
^ITe  and  vitiated  a  Ulle,  indidion 
fck  hotrid  andobfciire,  in  numbers  fo  rough, 
fo  fcabrous,  and  inharmonious,  crowded 
with  metaphors  uniuSerably  flraiaed  and 
confiiied,  as  Perfius.     He  might  well  iay 
of  himftlf,  that  he  had  nothing  to  do  with 
ptdi  F'vrem*.    Yet  this  is  the  writer  whon^ 
the  authorof  «  7ht  Pwrfuks  rfUUraturt;' 
and  the  epiftle  to  K.  Long,  has  choien ias 
his  model,  and  far  furpafled  his  origtaai 
in  all  the  various  faults  of  compoktioD 
mentio'^ed  above.     Ic becomes,  therefore, 
afubje61  of  furprife,  to  hear  the  **  Brfti/b 
Oitk"*  commend  a  pa/Iage  in  the  fourth 
dialogue,  v.  1 3  s,  as  truly  poetical,  which 
is  overlaid  with  falle  and  gaudy  co|fi|irs, 
and  fiill  of  tumor  and  bombaJL    What 
is  the  meaning  of,  paittiitu  in  ctaraden 
rf  Ggbt'-^i  the  fiirit  ^  the  tnMm 
c&me — his  Jhpt  ideal  hafit — ^in  JembUmu 
^os^furely  here  are  thoughts  encmuifriag 
tbo^bts  in  coitfiiQ  fierce  f 

The  (June  may  be  faid  of  the  6>Uowing 
incongruous  and  harih  cxorcffions :  iihwi 
ereSs  her  ener^i — to  burft  'with  uaoffeltd 
trofufi&tt^-'fibratijtftea  through  earth^and^ 
ankigbt-^z  phtvtal  prelate  ijjith  UsUewwf 
wiMgj^the  natal  mmJour  of  the  chequer' J 
t/efi^^to  Jhake  tMence  nwth  maadfmg 
fuufH'-ciofd  he  (hnfier^d  dcy-^foameg 
*wltoth^  archdtacon*s  critic  hhdd—ced»i 
the  horrors  of  Burke^s  daws  in  goUL  And 
above  all,  as  unrivalled  pieces  of  obfcnre 
and  far-fought  conceits,  mif  ht  be  men- 
tioned, the  beginning  of  dialogue  the  ie- 
cond,  on  Biftiop  Wilkinibn*s  Jovraey  to 
the  Moon;  the  tedious,  iil-copftrudcd 
allegory  of  the  commentators  on  Shakes- 
peare, transformed  into  do^s;  and  the 
conteft  of  the  trandators  of  Gray^s  £1^. 
Suth  is  the  ftyle  and  manner  of  a  writer, 
who  dares  to  think  he  can  fucceed  in  a 
(bit  of  workj  where,  as  be  moft  aiffededly 
fays, 
The  great  Aurancian  dtove  his  foiauUear. 

To  thefe  little  ftri£hinv  I  Aafl  aiM  do 
more  at  prefent,  became  I  am  in^noed 
that  a  difcourfe  is*prvpiirin|fj  to  (hew,  at 
large,  from  the  fiivr  fulaMfiug  drctnn- 
fbmces,  namely;  ff&nt  lliCiLCtuuuuLioo 
of  ufelefs  Greek  quotations;  j^9w«  vainly 
fuppofing  the  wholeworld  is  abnned  and 
inquiring  after  the  fudtrift ;  fitm  tte  ma- 
lignant, unprovoked  attack  on  many  rr- 
fpeftable  chai-a5tera;-,and  ficm  baiely 
concealing  bis  Aaine«  that,  die  author  df 
«•  rhfPttrfuits  of  Itifraim^i^'  is,  a  pe- 
dant, a  c&xcostB,  a  ^titiTDBriSi  1 
COWARD.    I  ^m^^ifi  youiU^  TjrL.  M. 


Jl^.  Er/khfif  en  tie  Mouft  rfCommotts. 


m 


For  the  MQntblj  Magaxine, 

i)iSiE STATION  m  the  Origin  of  the 
English  Hou6e  op  Commons,  de- 
Ihared  bffore  THE  Mastej^i  Fel- 
lows, AND  Scholars^  Trinitv 
College,  CAMBR>iDGE,/«7im^  1777, 

By  the  Honourable  T no  wi\%  Erskine, 

To  tohicb  the  fir fi  Prize  of  the  Tearnvas 
adjudged. 

THE  Engli/h  Houfe   of  Commons 
arofe  gradually  out  of  the  feodal  te- 
cum as  introduced  at  thv  Cohqued. 

Many  of  the  wifeft  and  warmcft  aflrert*- 
ors  of  equal  government  have  been  fond  of 
looking  bao«:  to  the  Saxon  annals  for  the 
oriain'of  tlie  Englifh  conftitution ;  and, 
witliout  the  warrant  of  hiftoi^  or  tradi- 
tion, have  confidered  the  rife  of  our  liber- 
ties under  the  Normans,  as  only  the 
reftoration  of  immunities  fubverted  by 
the  conqueH;.  This  opinion,  however, 
his  been  propagated  by  its  authors,  nei- 
ther from  a  decided  conviflion  on  the  one 
hand,  nor  a  blind  admiration  of  antiquity 
on  the  other :  a  v:ry  generous,  but  mil- 
taken  motive,  has  often  rendered  it  popu- 
lar and  energetic  j  it  has  been  oppofed  in 
time  of  public  danger  to  the  arguments 
of  thofe  enemies  to  their  country,  and 
indeed  to  all  mankind,  who  have  branded 
the  lacrcd  privileges  wrelted  by  our  pa- 
triot ancerfors  from  the  firft  Nonnan 
l>rinces,  as  the  fruits  of  fuccefiful  rebel- 
lions. 

But,  although  the  principle  Is  to  be 
applauded,  the. error  cannot  j  and  in  this 
enlightened  age,  happily  need  not  be  de- 
fended :  the  rights  of  mankind  can  never 
be  made  to  depend  on  the  times  of  their 
being  vindicated  with  fuccefs  j  they  arc 
facred  and  immutable;  j  they  arc  the  gift 
of  heaven  j  and  whether  appropriated  for 
the  firft  time  to  day,  or  enjoyed  beyond  ' 
the  reach  of  annals,  the  title  to  them  is 
equally  incontrovertible:  one  individual 
may  forfeit  his  property  to  another  from 
fupinenefs,  and  ufurpation  may  ftrengthen 
into  right  by  prefcription  j  but  human 
privileges  in  the  grofs  cannot  be  fo 
fnatched  away^  there  is  no  ftatute  of 
limitation  *  to  bar  the  claims  of  nature : 


♦  There  are  certain  limitations  of  time 
fitei  by  ftatute  in  the  reigns  of  Henry  VJII. 
and  James  I.  beyond  irkich  the  fubjcft  (and 
the*  king  by  a  late  z6l)  cannot  tpply  to  the 
courts  of  juftice  to  regain  the*  pofl'effion  of 
Unied  property,  to  recover  pcribnal  debts 
anJ  damages,  0^  to  rcdreft  private  wrongs. 
Tliefc  a6ts  arc  CtUed  ia  law  pleadings,  the 
^tutcs  of  limitatioo. 

MonTB.  Mac*  No.  ss. 


let  us  nHt,  therefore,  ^m  a  patriot  zeaL 
inrolve  ourfelves  in  the  faint  evidences  of 
probability,  but  be  contented  to  trace  our 
political  coaflitution  from  a  fource  within 
the  reach  of  moral  demonftration.  There 
is  more  honour  in  havljig  freed  ourfelves 
frcm  tyranny  than  in  always  having  been 
free. 

We  know  with  certainty,  that  the 
Saxons  had  parliaments,  but  we  know, 
with  equal  certainty,  that  the  people  at 
large  had  no  repreftntative  ihare  in  them : 
the  bulk  of  the  nation  were  either  vaflaU 
under  the  feodal  lords,  or  Allodii  f  under 
the  king's  government;  the  firft,  being 
abfolute  (laves  to  their  matters,  could  not 
pretend  to  become  political  rulers,  and 
the  hA  being  not  even  united  by  the 
feodal  bond  to  the  community,  co\ild  have 
no  fuffrages'in  the  feodal  councils:  the 
Saxon  lords,  indeed,  wye  free,  but  for 
that  very  rcafon,  thet;e  was  no  pubiic 
liberty  j  the  government  was  highly  ari- 
(Vocratlcal,  there  was  no  fhadow  of  that, 
equal  communion  d  privileges  founded 
on  legiflative  inftltutlons,  which  confti- 
tules  freedom  upon  Englifh  principles,  by 
which  air  who  are  the  objet^s  of  the  law 
muft  perlbnally,  or  by  rcprefentaticn,  be 
the  makers  of  the  laws :  this  principle, 
which  may  juflly  be  denominated  the  very 
cflence  of  our  prefent  government,  neither 
did  nor  could  poflibly  exift  till  the  proud 
feodal  chieftains,  bending  under  an  acci^ 
dental  preffure,  were  obliged  to  facrifice 
their  pride  to  ncceffity,  and  their  tyranny 
to  felf-prefervation. 

But  before  our  inquiries  «n  be  pro- 
perly begun,  at  the  period  I  have  fixed,— 
tefore  I  can  exhibit  the  elaflic  force  of 
freedom  rebounding  under  the  prelfure  of 
the  moft  abfolute  government,  I  muft 
call  your  attentions  to  the  genealogy  of 
our  feodal  anceftors. 

They  iffued  fiom  that  northern  hive  of 
fierce  wanioi-s  who  over-ran  all  Europe  at 
the  dccleKfion  of  the  Roman  empire ;  a 
race  of  Qien  the  mofl  extraordinary  that 
ever  marked  or  diftlnguilhed  the  ftate  of 
nature;  a  people  who,  in  the  abfencc  of 
every  art  and  Icicncc,  carried  the  feeds  of 
future  perfe^lion  in  their  national  genitzft 
and  charafteriitic ;  vifible  even  then  in 
an  unconquerable  fortitude  of  mind,  in 
an  inherent  idea  of  human  equality,  tem* 

t  Allodii  trerc  fuch  fts  htfrld  of  no  feodsl 
fuperior,  edits  qui  ne  rtcfigni:Jpnt  fitftritur  en 
fted»litit,  Theie  Allodial  lands  were  all  for« 
rendered  up  at  the  Norman  Conquef^,  %xA 
received  back  to  be  held  by  fcpdftl  usure,  at 
appfiais  1^  Do^mfilay  Book. 

Kk  pae4 


a4* 


Mr,  Etjkine  on  the  Houfe  of  Commons'. 


iwrtd  wkK  ^  .Toluntary  (ubnuinoa  to  the 
snoft  Hgtd  rubordinatioi^t  tho  trial  by 
^nxf  too  was  underftood  and  revered  by 
all  the  northern  inhabitants  of  Europe, 
when  chey  firil  appeared  among  the  dege- 
nerate nations  that  had  loft  it.  Liberty, 
driven  from  the  haunts  of  fcience  and 
civilization,  fcrems  to  have  fled  with  this 
talifman  to  the  defaits,  and  to  have  given 
it  to  barbarians  to  reVenge  her  injuries, 
and  to  redeem  her  empire :  in  marking  the 
procefs  of  the  conftitution  through  the 
furnace  of  flavcry,  it  muft  never  be  for- 
^  gotten,  that  fuch  were  our  anceftors. 

When  William  had  gained  the  viftory 
of  Haftings,  he  marched  towaids  London 
with  his  vi6ltrious  Normans,  and  found 

£  ike  other  conquerors)  an  eaiy  palTage  to 
e  throne  when  the  prince  is  ilain  and  his 
army  defeated;  the  Englifli  protFcred 
1^  the  peaceable  pofTediotioia  kingdom 
which  he  was  in  a  condition  to  have  leized 
by  force  J  rather  chufing  to  fee  the  brows 
of  a  viflor  enciirled  with  a  crown  than 
with  a  helmet,  and  wifhing  rather  to  be 

{governed  by  the  fccntre  than  by  the  fword; 
\t  was  therefore  mftalled  with  all  the 
olemnitiesof  the  Saxon  coronation,and  im- 
mediately afterwards  annihilated  all  thofe 
laws  which  thefi?  folemnitics  wrre  indituf^d 
to  perpetuate  •.  he  ellablilhed  his  own  feodal 
^ftcm  (the  only  one  he  undeiltood);  he 
divided  ail  tbi:  lands  of  England  into 
knight's  fees>  to  be  holden  oi  himlelf  by 
military  fcrvicej  and  as  few  or  none  of 
the  Englllh  had  any  fharc  in  this  general 
diftribution,  their  eftates  being  forfeited 
from  their  adherence  to  Harold,  and  by 
fuhfequcnt  rebelliuns,  it  is  plain  they 
could  have  no  political  confe ^uence,  fmce 
none  but  the  vaflals  of  the  crown  had 
f«at»  in  the  feodal  parliaments. 

Could  William  harve    been  contented 

thus   to  have   fl\ared  with  his   Norman 

trarons  the  ipoils  cf  the  conquered  Enj^- 

,    li(h,  and  merely  to  have  transferred  his 

feodal  empire  trom  Normnndy  to  Great 

w    Britain,  toe  •  facred  fun  of  freeH&:ii  had 

.    probably^ thuf  fct  ujion .  this  iflapd,  never 

to 'haw  arifen  any  more^  the  Norman 

'    lorih  would  have  eftabKihed  that  ari/lo- 

"    criscy  which  then  difting\iiihed.the  whole 

^'feodal  world,  and  when  fifteiwards,  Ijy 

■   .tlie  naC^ural  progrcfliorn"  of  that  fingular 

^."   fy  ftem'v  ^wht  n  by  the  Inevitable  operation 

kS  cKlieats  and   forfeituref,'  the   crown 

jpsjft   have,  attrui^led   all*  that  property 

••   which  oijginaily  ifi»^d   from   rt ;  when 

•     lie  barons  themlelvts  mult  have  dropped 

.  IjMetf.£a(Jin^  (lar%  into  the  ^ccn^n  of  ^ qvatc,  . 

and  arliloaracy  been  fwaUovved  i»p  in.rao- 

narcbiy)    the  people  already  trained   to 


fubje6lion,  witliout  rights^  and  without 
even  fimilar  gjrievances  to  imite  thtm, 
would  have  been  an  eafy  prey  to  the  pritice 
in  the  meridian  of  his  authority  \  and 
defpotifm,  encircled  with  a  (landing army, 
would  have  fcattcred  UiTor  through  a 
nation  of  daves. 

But  happily  for  us,  William'*  views 
txtehded  with  his  dominion:  he  forgut 
that  his  barons  (wlio  were  not  bound  by 
their  tenures  to  leave  their  own  ccuntryj 
had  followed  him  rather  as  companions  in 
entcrprize,  than  as  vaflals:  he  confidtd 
in  a  flajiding  army  of  mercenaries  j  which 
he  recruited  on  the  continent ;  rivrtted 
even  on  his  own  Noiinans,  the  wcrll 
feodal  leverities  j  and  before  the  end  of  hi* 
re';;n,  the  Englifh  faw  the  opprcfibrs 
themitlvc*  among  the  number  of  the  op. 
preffed. 

This  plan,  purfued  and  aggravated  by 
his  dcfcendanis,  aflimilated  the  hetero- 
geneous bodies  of  which  the  kingdom  wa4 
comjK)led:  Normai)s  and  Englim,  baroas 
and  vaflals,  were  obliged  to  unite  in  a 
common  caufe.  Mr.  de  L*01mc,  citizca^ 
of  Geneva,  by  comparing  the  rife  of 
liberty  in  England  with  the  fall  of  it  in 
France,  has  fo  clearly  and  ingeniously 
proved,  that  Magna  Chaita  was  obtain^ 
from  this  nccefiity  which  the  barons  wtre 
under  of  foj-mlng'an  union  with  the  peo- 
ple, that  I  ftialT  venture  to  conllder  it  li 
a  fa6l  demonftratcd,  and  fliall  proceed  to 
an  inquiry  no  lefs  curious  and  importatt, 
whtre  he  and  other  writers  have  It  ft  a 
greater  field  for  originality  ^  I  mean  the 
rife  of  the  Englifli  Houfe  of  Commons,  to 
its  prefent  diflin£l  and  reprdentativc 
fiafe. 

The  ftatute  of  Magna  CharU,  fo  ofte!! 
evaded,  and  fo  often  folemnly  re-efta- 
blifliqdydiffeminated  (it  muft  be  confciltd) 
thofe  great  and  leading  maxims  on  which 
aU  the  valnablc  privileges  of  civil  goverr.- 
ment  depend  f  indeed  the  twenty -niiJt*^ 
chapter  contains  every  abfolutc  right  fc: 
the  lecuiity  of  which  men  enter  into  live 
Pwlative  obligations  of  focicty :  but  pri- 
vileges thus  gained,  and  oniy  inaijUap'>ei 
by  the  fword,  cannot  be  ailed  a  «»Uti- 
totioaj  after  bearinij  a fummerVbloilc.r, 
they  may  periKh  as  tney  grew,  in  the  £cii 
of  battle :  of  little  cortleqt^eiffte  are  evc'j 
the  moft  folemn  charters »  oiAifiNhed  by 
legiflative  ratifica(iou.S  if  tliej  who  an 
the  obje£\$  of  them.  dQ  not  eompoie  p2.r: 
of  that  power>  without  wl^^ft  eonfentttcy 
eannpt  be  repealed;  if  tht^yhavc  no  peace- 
aWe  way  of  .p»t*ventin|p.  their  infnnge- 
ment,  nor  any  opportunity  of  vindicatijii!^ 
their  claims^  till  they  have  loit  the  benebt 

©f 


Mr.  Erjkine  wibe  Hei^e  ofCammaul 


249 


of  poilenion :  liberty,  in  this  fiate,  is  not 
an  inheritance}  it  is  little  better  than  an 
alms  from  an  indulgent  or  a  cautious  ad- 
minifti-ation.  It  remains^  therefore)  to 
ihew  by  what  fteps  the  people  of  England, 
without  being  drawn  forth  into  peribnal 
a^ion,  were  enabled  to  a<5l  with  more 
than  perfonal  force ;  in  wKat  manner  tbey 
acquired  a  political  fcale,  in  which  they 
cfluM  depofit  the  privileges  thus  bravely 
txii  fortunately  acquired,  and  into  which 
every  future  accumulation  of  power  flow- 
ing from  the  increafe  of  property  and  the 
thriving  arts  of  peace  might  filently  and 
imperceptibly  fall,  brinj;inff  down  the 
fcale  without  convuliing  the  balance. 

And  hcrie  thofc  hiftorians  muft  be  fol- 
lowed with  caution,  who  have  made  this 
new  order  of  the  ftatc  to  ftart  up  at  the 
nod  of  Montfort  or  of  Edward  j  negle^- 
injj  the  operations  of  the  feodal  fyftcm,  as 
thiijkingthcra,  perhaps,  more  the  province 
of  the  lawyer  than  the  hiilorian,  they 
have  miibkenthe  efifedt  for  the  caufe,  and 
have  afcribcd  this  memorable  event  to  a 
iiidden  political  necefiity,  which  was  in 
reality  prepared  and  ripened  by  a  flow 
and  uniform  progreflion.  *  This  truth 
may  be  eadly  illuftrated. 

Xhe  law  •  of  Edward  I.  ftill  remains 
on  the  records  of  parliament,  by  which 
the  crown  and  the  barons,  in  order  to 
preferve  for  ever  their  fond  feodal  rigl^ts, 
re(hrained  the  creation  of  any  new  fupe-  ' 
xiorlties.  By  this  a6l,  the  people  were 
f        I ■'  ■  .    ■■ 

*  The  (latuce  of  the  iSch  Edwaru  I.  chap, 
i.  commonly  called  futa  in^tcret  ttrrarum. 
The  great  barons  were  very  prci&ng  to  have 
this  law  paflfcd,  that  the  lands  tbey  had  fold 
bafbre  the  aA  might  not  be  fubinfeud,  bat 
might  return  to  themfcWes  by  efchcats,  on 
failure  of  heirs,  or  by  forfeiture  in  cafe  of 
felony:  but  they  did  not  forefee  that  the 
nulttplicaiiofi  of  their  own  body  would,  in 
the  end,  annihilnte  its  confciiuence,  and 
riife  up  a  new  order  in  the  ftate :  indeed  the 
Umociti  in  caffiu  were  multiplying  fjft  before 
this  aAj  tor  when  a  large  barony  cfcheated, 
or  was  forfeited  to  the  ere  .vn,  it  was  generally 
divided,  and  granted  to  more  than  one ;  and 
fre()uently  thefe  baronies  defcended  to  fcvcral 
f«males,  who  inherited  as  co-parteoers ;  it 
v-is  in  confequence  of  this  multiplication  of 
tenures  in  tapitt  that  the  fmallcr  barons  were 
fummoned  fer  inactmitcsp  and  not  like  the 
greater  ones,  as  early  as  ths  reign  of  King 
John ;  their  numbers  being  too  grc;«t  to  addrcfs 
wries  to  them  all:  but  this  multiplication 
>oyld  DTobably  never  have  produced  a  genu* 
ine  houie  of  comnwns,  withont  the  operation 
of  this  ad,  as  will  appenr  ly  and  by,  from 
the  comparifon  betweeft  the  £ngU&  and 
Scotch  parliamcms4 


allowed  to  difpofe  of  their  eftates,  but 
the  oi-i$;Ina]  tenure  was  made  U>  fiDll#i|r 
the  land  through  all  its  alienations ;  coo^ 
fequcmly,  when  the  king's  vaflal  divided 
hispronerty,  byiale,  into  ihialler  baro* 
nies,  tne  purchafer  had  from  thenceforth 
no  feodal  connexion  with  the  feller,  but 
held  immediately  of  the  king,  according 
to  the  ancient  tenure  of  the  land  $  and  if 
thefe  jpurchafers  alienated  to  others  the 
lands  fo  purchafed,  dill  the  tenure  jcoa* 
tinued  and  remained  in  the  crown. 

Now,  when  we  reflcft  that  every  teniqt 
of  a  barony  holden  of  the  king  in  cafin 
had  a  feat  in  parliament,  we  fee  at  once 
the  ftriking  operation  of  this  law)  we  fee 
bow  little  the  wifcft  politicians  forsfiic 
the  diAant  conlequence^  of  ambition,! 
Edward  and  his  barons,  by  this  devictt 
monopolized,  it  is  true,  the  feodal  fyvt* 
reignties,  and  prevented  their  vafla^t 
from  becoming  lords  like  themfelves^  but 
they  Itnew  not  what  tbev  were  doing ; 
they  knew  not  that,  in  the  very  aft  «f 
abridging  the  property  of  the  people,  thejr 
were  giving  them  a  legiflativc  cxiftcncc, 
which  at  a  future  day  would  enable  them 
to  overthrow  whatever  flood  in  the  w^ 
of  their  power,  and  to  level  that  very  fto- 
dal  fyftem  which  they  ^cre  thus  attempt- 
ing to  perpetuate :  for  the  tenants  in  cajnte 
wiio  had  a  right  to  be  fummoned  to  pir- 
liamtj^t,  foon  became  fo  numerous  by  the 
alienation  of  the  king's  vaflals  (whofe 
immeni'e  territories  were  divifible  into 
miny  lelTer  baronies),  that  they  neither 
could,  nor  indeed  willed  any  longer  to 
aflemble  in  their  own  rights }  the  teod»l 
peers  were,  in  faA,  becdme  the  people  *  ; 


•  The  Houfc  of  Commoiif ,  and  the  fpi- 
ritual  LordG  (who  A*U  fit  in  parliament  as 
tenants  iu  cafiite)  are  the  only  remains  of  the 
genuine  feodal  territorial  peerage ;  for,  when 
the  tenants  in  cafitt  became  numerous  and 
poor,  fuch  an  alloy  was  mixed  with  the  an- 
cient oHginal  nobility,  that  it  would  have 
been  abfurd  to  hnve  allowed  tenure  in  chief 
to  convey  any  longer  a  perfonal  honour  and 
privilege «  the  peerage,  thttofore,  no  longer 
paired  with  the  fief,  but  frbns  being  territo* 
rial,  and  ofiicial,  became  perfonal  and  hono- 
rary; but  as  unure  in  chief  w*as  ftUlfrom 
the  very  nature  of  the  foedal  fyftem.  •  legif- 
lativc  title,  although  its  excrclfe  was.  to 
longer  pcrfonally  pra^icable  from  the  mnlt^-^ 
plication  of  royal  holdlngi,  a  reprefentatUa 
was  naturally  adopted. 

The  feodal  aritlocracy  thus  expanded^ 
dunged  by  degrees  into  a  dttnocfcy;»and 
the  ariftocratical  part  of  the  ^ovenu&ene 
woul4  have  been  ututly  esdnguilhad  (ah 
failure  of  the  ptcit  by  fsefesiptioB)  U  ch« 

K  k  X  .  «(ovva 


2S0 


Mr.  Erfitne  9n  iht  Haufe  tf  Commons. 


and  the  idea  tit  re^rekntatUm  cube  for* 
vrvd  by  a  neccfl^xonfequeiice :  parlia- 
xnrnt,  from  bein^  fingly  compo&d  of 
men  who  fat  in  their  own  righti^  to  favc 
the  great  from  f  hjp  opprdTion  of  the  crotvn, 
and  not  the  Imall  trom  the  oppreiHon  of 
the  ffreat,  now  began  to  open  its  doon 
to  the  patriot  citizen}  the  feodal  and 
perfonalx  chang.-d  into  natural  and  corpc- 
rate  privileges ;  and  the  people,  for  the  nrft 
timfc  in  the  hiftory  of  tne  world  ^  faw  the 
root  of  their  liberties  fixed  in  the  centre 
of  the  constitution. 

As  the  multiplication  of  royal  tenui'es 
from  tlie  enfranchifemeut  of  boroughs  • 

(but  chiefly  from  the  operation  otthis 
aw)  firft  ^ve  rife  to  popular  reprefenta- 
tion ;  fo  it  is  only  in  the  continued  opera- 
tion of  thcfe  principles,  that  we  can  trace 
tlic  diftin6l  exlftence  and  growing  power 
of  the  Houfe  of  Commons ;  we  know  that 
they  aflfembled  for  a  long  time  in  the 
fame  chamber  with  the  peers;  that  the 
fcparation  was  not '  preconceived  by  the 
founders  of  the  conilitution,  but  arofe 
from  nccclHty,  when  their  humoers  be- 
came too  great  to  form  one  aflcmbly ;  and 
we  know  that  they  never  thought  of  af- 
famin^  populai*  h^eiflative  privileges^  till 
by  this  ncceflary  divifion  they  became  a 

'      '    *.    .     ■  ■ 

trown  had  not  prcferved  it,  by  conferring  on 
a  few,  by  perfonal  inVclliturc,  vn  h<*cditiTy 
right  oflegiflation  in  the  foom  of  that  terri- 
torial peerage  that  had  branched  oot  and  be- 
eome  a  popular  right.  This  produced  a  grtiit 
change  in  the  orders  of  the  ftate;  for  the 
febdal' baronage,  after  having  |>rodu(cd  the 
Houfe  of  Commons,  continued  tO'  balance 
and  ftruggle  «-4th  the  prerogative  as  a  demo- 
cracy, in  the  fame  manner  that  it  had  refitted 
It  before  as  an  ariilocratical  body :  whereas, 
the  monarchical  peerage,  which  fprung  up  bn 
the  decay  of  the  feodal,  is  iherely  an  emana- 
tion of  the  royal  prerogative,  rntcreflcd  in  the 
fupport  of  the  crown,  from  Vrhich  it  derives 
it  luille  and  its  power,  and  has  no  connec- 
tion with  the  fiMal  fyftem  which  conferred 
no  legif^ative  rights  bui  ^y  tenure  in  cufitij 
which  tenure  dift'ufed  among  the  multitude, 
conUituted  the  Houfe  of  Commons. 

•  It  is  yery  probable,  that  burgage  tenure 
firft  |?.vc  the  idea  of  a  reprefentative  of  the 
fmallcx  barons ;  For  when  the  king  eniran- 
chifed  a  tovvn^  and  g3ve  i;  lands  from  the 
r>yal  demefne,  this  ipftantly  made  the  cor^- 
poration  a  tenanfm  caput ;  but,  as  the  corpo- 
Ution  cpi^Id  not  (it  in  parliament,  it  eledled  a 
burgcfs.  Jjt  is  in  confe^ucncc  of  this  bur- 
gage tenure  Q^  tenancy  hiaPite,  of  acor^ora- 
ti(V),  that  w<  now  fee  fuch  an  in6gniAc;lnt 
village  as  Old  Saruni,  fending  two  members 
CO  parliament,  while  fuch  a  Bouriihiog  town 
•  M  Manchefter  fends  no«e.       *  -  * 


difttn^  body  from  the  lords.  Thii| 
thou  eh  a  political  accident,  bn3Ught  the 
En^Rfh  Cpmmons  forth  into  a^on; 
their  legislative  exiibnce  was  the  natural 
birth  ot  the  fcodaJ  fyftera,  comprefiiRi  by 
the  crown. 

1*0  p/ove  thefe  truths,  we  have  only  to 
contemplate  the  hiftory  of  our  tftcr  king- 
dom ot  Scptland  ^governed  at  that  time 
by  the  fame  laws),  there  being  very  little 
difference  between  the  Regiam  MajeftaUm^ 
the  Scotch  code  of  thofedays,  and  the  work 
compiled  by  Glanville,  chief  juftice  to 
Henry  II.     The  law  of  Edward  I.  which 

Eroduced  thefe  great  changes  •  in  Eng- 
md,  was  traofcribed  by  the  Scotch 
Sarliament  into  the  ftatute  bock  of  their 
Robert  I.  but  the  K!ing  of  Scotland  had 
not  conquered  that  coiintry  as  William 
had  fubducd  England,  confequently  he 
was  rather  a  feodal  chieftain  than  a  mo- 

*  It  may  be  afked,  what  thefe  chaogrs 
wert,  which  the  ad  is  faid  to  have  produced, 
fince  the  burgefTes  were  called  to  parliament 
in  the  beginning  of  £dward*s- reign,  before 
the  z€t  paiTed}  and  flnce  the  le&r  baroru 
were  fumn^oned  by  the  iheriffs,  as  cUrly  ss  the 
reign  of  King  John«  To  this  it  may  be  an- 
fwercd,  that  thefe  parliaments  were  entirely 
feodal  \  the  'burgeflTcs  rcprcfcnting  thofe  co?- 
porations  that  were  tenants  in  cajate,  and  the 
fummons  of  the  lefter  barons  being  by  no 
means'  a  popular  ele^ion,  but  a  proclamation 
for  thofe  who  hold  fufRcient  lands  of  the 
king  m  of/irr,  to  aflTemble  in  their  own  rights: 
but  where  the  ftatote  of  ffM  em^trts  had  io 
generally  ditfufed  the  royal  holding,  tiut 
Irom  being  a  feodal  privilege  tonfixred  to  a 
few,  it  came  to  be  a  popular  and  almoil.un:- 
verfal  Vight^  reprefentation  of  the  multi- 
tude fucceeded  upon  feodal  principles  to  a 
pcribn:il  right  of  Icgiflationj  the  territorial 
peerage  funk  altogether,  or  rather  dilated 
itfclf  into  an'  Houfe  of  Commons ;  and  that 
power,  which  in  other  feodal  countries,  bein^ 
con Jcnfed  like  the  rays  of  the  fun  to  a  focosj 
confumed  the' rights  of  mankind,  produced, 
when  thus  fcattered  abroad,  a  plentiful  kaf- 
veft  of  liberty.  In  Scotlahd,  where  the  afi 
6f  quia  emftora  was  never  enforced,  the  ftodil 
baronage  difl'ufed  itfelf,'  notwithfbusdiog,  foH 
at  leaft'to  produce  a  reprefentation,  but  it  cca- 
tinued  to  be  a  reprefentation  merely  fcodil; 
the  knights  of  the  Ihires  were  reprefentatlTC 
barons,  not  rejtrefcotatives  of  the  people;  and 
never  formed  a  difttnd  order  In  Ihe  ftac. 
indeed,  fuch  a  third  power  could  pcver  luTe 
pofllbly  fprung  op  from  a  feodal  coaliitutioB, 
or  any  other  principle,  than  that  which  is  htxc 
laid  down.  There  was  np  re^rtfTentatioo  of 
the  Scotch  barons  till  the  year  1417,  when  it 
was  enadled  by' ftatutc,  that  the  £cuiiar 
barons  needed  not  to  come  to  parliament,  pr9- 
vided  they  fent  comn\^flioners> 

^arch, 


liarch,  and  had  no  power  to  cafry  this  crown,  'eh*f  (kt  Utent^ln^psMlsBi^t,  t*J  ~' 
law  of  Edtvard^s  kito  exeoition ;  for  the  prelentteg  ttieiUryeqr  iL«djaocthe£teed^'' 
Scotch  ban)n$,  although  they  would  not    of  the  people; 

allow  their  vaflals  to  fubinfeud,  yet  when  9ut  th|t  diilemination  *  of  pmperty, 
thev  fold  tb^tr  own  lands,  they  would  not  which- in  every  oountty  on  earth  «t  ibonar 
fufferthc  crown  to  appropriate  thcjtenure,  or*  later  creative  of  fieedomi  met  With  « 
but  oblige!^  the  purchafers  to  hold  as  vaf-  fevere  chetk  in  its  early  infancy  from  the 
falsto  themftlvcs:  by  this  weaknefs  of  ftatate  of  entails;  in  this  inttance  eroi 
the  Scotch  crown  and  power  of  the  nobles,  the  crown  of  England  had  not  fufficient 
the  tenaiyies  \n  ccpitt  were  not  multiplied  ftrength  to  ripen  that  liberty  which  had 
as  in  England ;  the  right  to  fit  in  parlia-  fprung  up  from  the  foroe  of  iti  rays  5  Qir 
ment  was  confcquently  not  much  extended  if  Edward  I.  could  haye  refift^d  this  Jaw, 
beyond  the  original  numbers  ;  and  Scot-  wrefted  from  him  by  his  •barons  to  perp^ 
land  never  faw  an  Houfe  of  Commons  ♦,  tuate  their  eftates  in  their  families,  the 
jior  ever  tafted  the  bleflings  of  equal  go-  Eng|ifli  conliitution,  from  an  earKer  equl- 
Temment.  When  the  boroughs,  indeed,  librium  of  property,  had  fuddcnly  artlcfl 
in  htter  dafs,  were  enfi-anchifed,  they  to]  perfection,  and  the  revolution  in  the 
fcnt  their  reprefcntatives ;  but  their  nmn-  reign  of  Charles  I.  had  probably  hap- 
bers  being  inconfiderable,  they  aflbnbled  pened  two  centuries  higher  in  our  hiftory, 
in  the  fame  houfe  with  the  king  and  the  or,  oerhaps,  from  the  gradual  ciixmiation 
peers,  were  awed  by  the  pride  of  the  lords,  of  tnat  power  which  broke  in  at  lalt  with 
ind  dazzled    by  the    Iplendouj-  of  the    a  fudden  and  projefliic  force,  had  never 

'  ]    happened  at  all  5  but  the  lame  etfe^s  hafl 

^  been  produced  without  the  elFufion  of 

*  The  reprefeDt;itivc  barons  and  burgelTes  civil  blood:  for,  no  foonerwas  thefiatute 
never  formed,  iq  Scotland,  a  third  eftate  (as  of  entails  fhaken  in  the  reign  of  f  Henry 
hji  bcenobfcrvedin  thelaftnote),  they  were  VII.  and  finally  deftroyed  by  his  Ibcceflbr 
confiJctcd  as  the  reprefcntatives  of  royal  ^han  we  fee  the  popular  tide  which  had 
tenants,  and  not  of  the  pepple  at  arge ;  and,    ^^^^^  ^  |  ,,     -^  ^^  ^^        .     ^^ 

therefore,  naturally  affcmbled  with  the  peers,    .mi  .l  .  „  ._i.^l  r_i?  •  _    /•        r     •  w4Hrc^ 


vho  fit  by  honorary  creation; "for  tenures 
in  chief  being  confined  to  a  very  fraall  narri- 
her,  when  conjparcd^ithotftcr  tenures,  ftill 
continued  to  be  the  criterion  of  legiiUtion  j 
and,  t&ough  extended  beyond  the  praAija- 


till  the  mighty  fabrics  of  prenogatiye  and 
ariftocracy  paffed  away  in  one  ruin  td^ 
ther.  This  crifis,  which  ihallow  men 
then  millook,  and  ftill  miftake  ibr  anar-« 
chy,  was  but  the  fermentation  of  die  nu- 


bility of  pcrfonal  cxercife,  was  highly  feoJal,    conquerable  fpirit  of  liberty,  infiifed  as 


even  when  expanded  to  a  ftjte  of  reprefenta- 
tlon.  Whereas,  in  England,  the  ftatutc  of 
fiia  emftorts  made  tenure  ra  capire  almoft  uni- 
^'erfjl,  or  in  other  words,  gave  legiflative 
privilege*  to 'the  multitude,  upon  feodai  prin- 
ciples ;  vvhich  confcquently  produced  a  repre- 
fentation,  not  of  royal  tenants,  according  to 
th&principles  of  the  feodai  I'yftcm,'  but  ot  the 
people,  according  to  the  natural  principles  of 
liunun  foclcty.  It  is  probably  from  this  dif- 
ference between  thefc  principles  oflegination. 


early  as  Magna  Charta,  tyhich  in  work- 
ing itlirlf  free  from  the  impurities  that, 
opprefled  it,  was  convulling  every  thing 
around  :  when  the  fermentation  cealed, 
the  itream  ran  purer  than  before,,  after 
having,  in  the  tumult,  beat  down  every 


•  By  the  diflcmination  of  property,  in  this 
place,  is  not  meant,  that  which  gave  the 
right  of  legifl:ition  to  the  peo^c  on  fcodol 
that  the  right  of  voting  is  fd  diifcrcnt  in  the  principles,  but  that  which  is  necefTtry  to  give 
Uo  countries:  in  Scotland,  the  common  weight  and  confcqucncc'to  a  third  eft. itc  fo 
council,  and  not  the  body  of  the  burgcfll's,     arifen. 

are  the  dehors;  bccaufe  the  corporation,  as  f  Theftatuteof  fines,  paffed  in  the  fourth 
the  tenant  in  cafite,  is  rcprcfcntcd,  and  not  year  of  Henry  VJI.  was  purpofely  wrapped 
ihe  indrvidiuls  compoting  itt  and  no  forty  up  in  obfcu re  and  covert  exprcilions,  in  order 
Jhilllng  freeholder  cin  vote  for  a  kfiight  of  the  to  induce  the  nobility  to- cunlcht  to  it,  \vha 
Ihire,  unlcis  he  ho^t  Immediately  of  the  would  otbcrwire  haye  Hung  it  our  If  they  had 
Itingj  for'l/  his  tenure  be  not  royal,    he     thought  it  wouldhavc  barred  entails:  b'utlji 


muli  have  four  hundred  pounds.  Whereas, 
in  EngUji,  theCrlglvt  of  elcAIon  (unlcfs  It 
^s  been  otherwifc  fixed  by  prefcriptlon)  is  in 
the   whole  body  of  thd  burscfTcs  j*   and   all 


the  thirty-fccond  year  6t  Hcn^y^  VlII.  whc/i 
the  win  of  the  ^jinct  Wis  bctteV  obeydd,  'lU 
real  purpWc  wws  avowed,  and  'th'e'  ftatutc 
then  mnceTkd  a  retrofT^eftivp  ojicrattoVi  given 


forty  ihilling  freeKoldcrs  Vote  for  th^  Ichyus'    to   it,    fo  as  'to   include  all   chtarts   birred 
©I'  the  fliire,  whether  th^  tenure  b^  of  the  '  Ry  fines  fmce  the  fourth  year  of  tlic  former  * 
iungor  afttbjea, '**       .•..«-»>*        .....    'reign. 
•»   ;   .  .   ..  T J  .    • .      '  ' .     .         \  f  ...  '•     ^     •      I      f  - 


Ttwtf^f.thcSl^hrs  exftained. 


^5% 


talk  that  oKftniaeA  its  jad  «iid  jMtui;^ 
coude*  The'  canfuromation  of  thefe 
great  €vcnt$  is  too  recent  and  notorious 
to  demand  farther  iHuftiation ;  their  bcft 
commcntasy  is  the  happinefs  and  freedom 
which  we  enjoy  at  thift  dajK. 

The  fubjea    propofed    is«  therefore, 
bionght  to  its  conclufion}  but  it  is  a 
fiibje^  too  dear  aad  important  to  be  con- 
cluded without  a    refie£lion  that  ariies 
/Wery  ifawi^y  out  of  it. 

The  Engliih  conftitution  will  probably 
aerer  more  be  attacked  in  front,  or  its 
diifolution  attempted,  by  ftrikirg  at  the 
authority  of  the  laws ;  and,  if  fuch  attack 
ihowld  ever  be  made,  their  foundations 
axe  too  deeply  laid,  ^  their  fuperftruc- 
turc  too  firmly  cemented  to  dread  the 
creac  of  the  conteft :  but  the  conftitution 
is  not  tbrsefore  immortal,  and  the  centi- 
nei  muft  not  deep:  the  authority  of  the 
laws  themfclves  may  be  turned  againft  the 
Ipirit  which  gave  them  bi-.thj  and  the 
Engliih  government  may  be  difTolvtd 
with  all  the  legal  icleraniti<^  which  its 
outward  form  preicribe5»  for  its  prelerva- 
tion.  This  mode  of  attack  is  the  tnore 
probable,  as  it  ailbrds  refpeA  and  fafety 
to  thr  beijegcrs»  and  infinitely  more  dan- 
gerous tp  ue  people,  as  the  confciences 
of  good  mni  are  enfnared  by  it ;  the  vir- 
tuous citizen,  looking  up  with  confidence 
to  the  banners  o4  authority,  n.ay  believe 
be  is  deittnding  the  conftiiution  and  the 
laws,  whfle  he  is  trampling  down  every 
principle  of  juftice,  on  which  both  of 
them  arc  founded.  It  is  impofliblejthere- 
fbre,  to  conclude,  without  expr.-fTmg  a 
lervcnt  wiih,  that  every  member  of  the 
commuTiity  (at  the  fame  time  that  he  bows 
with  reverence  to  the  fupremacy  of  the 
ftate  and  the  majefty  of  the  laws)  may 
keep  his  eyes,  for  ever  fixed  on  the  fpirit 
of  the  conftitution,  manifefted  by  the 
revohnion,'as  the  pole-ftar  of  his  political 
courfe;  that  while  he  pays  the  tribute  of 
duty  and  obcdie-nce  to  government,  he 
may  know  when  the  reciprocal  duty  is 
pid  back  to  the  public  and  to  h'mfcJf. 
.  .Tkii  concluding  wifh  is,  I  truft,  not 
^  mlfplai^^d  when   dtliverrd  within    thefe 

Siipfophrfcai.  walls  j    the   fcicnces  .ever 
uriiltiatbetfuin  of  liberty,  the  foul  of 
4'lla:ve\cauld'iiieVrr  have  expanded  itfelf 
•  iike  Newton- s   oif^i  Infinite  fpafe,  and 
ilFghed  to  captfvily  at  the  remofeft  bar- 
^  ncrs  of  creation :    in  no  other  countnr 
.  under  heSven,  could  Locke  haw  unfolded 
wifh  .dignity  the  operations  of  an  immor- 
tal  foul,    or  recorded    with    tiuthi  the 
.dutics.and  privileges  of  fociety. 


To  the  E£tfir  of  the  Montb^  Ma^asint. 

SIR, 

IT  behoves  every  one,  who  undertakes 
to  declare  to  the  world  the  religicius 
iaith  and  opL^icns  of  any  iet  ot  Chri&ia« 
profeflbrs,  to  qualify  himfclf  lb  far  as  to 
obtain  a  cwreft  knowledge  of  the  lub- 
je6(,  left  he  inadvertantly  inftil  thofe  er- 
rors into  the  minds  of  his  readers,  whidi 
he  may  have  imbibed.    It  was,  no  dcubt, 
from  nefrligtnce,  that  David  Hume,  iu 
his  «  Moral  and  Political  Efayst'"    his 
communicated  fo  gro^s  an  error  rcfpe^ling 
the  Quakers.     In  his  lath  hiH^y  on  Su- 
perftitiou  and  Enthufiafiny    p.  iii,  h: 
has  the  folbwing  paifage,  ".The  Quakti> 
are,  perhaps,  the  only  regs^ar  body  of 
Deifts  in  the  univeri'e,  except  the  Litt- 
rati,  and  the  difciples  of  Confufcius,  ia 
China."    Guthrie,  in  hit  "  GeographL-J 
Grtmmar^^  is    far  from   giving  a  jur 
ftatement  of  their  religious  opinions :  h^d 
cither  of  thefe  writers  taken  the  pains  ro 
confult  the  produfticns  of  William  Peaa, 
the  Apology  of  Barclay,  or  fome  other 
authors  among  this  reljjetoble  body  cf 
Chriftians,  they  might  have  efcaped  the 
ccnfure  which  they  have  incurred,  in  na 
fearching  for  infoiTuatipn  on  tbrfe  poi&t'^ 
from  thofe  refourccs  where  it  was  roc4 
likely  to  be  obtained. 

Now,  Mr.  Editor,  I  take  die  liberty  o* 
ccnv:yine,  through  the  medium  of  vour 
ufefiil  Klifceiimy  (and  that  in  a  Aiie- 
mary  way),  a  uue  ftatemcnt  of  the  reli- 
gious principles  of  this  ibciety,  fo  much 
miireprefentcd,  or  fo  little  underflood  oe! 
of  their  own  pale. 

They  believe  in  one  eternal  God,  afil 
in  Jefus  Chriii  his  Son,  the  Mtfliah,  ar^ 
Mediator  of  the  New  Covenant ;  they  ac- 
knowledge the  divinity  of  Chrift,  who  li 
the  wifdom  and  power  of  God  unto  lii- 
vation.  To  Chrift  alopc  they  give  fh? 
title  of  the  WordofGo^y  and  not  to  the 
Scriptures;  they  reverence  the  exctUtnt 
prcceptsof  the  Gofpcl,  and  believe,  tbar 
to  enable  mankind  to  put  in  prafticcthtf* 
facred  precepts,  every  man  is  tt^^^^ 
with  a  mcalure  of  the  light,  grace,  &.' 
good  fpirit  cf  Chrift,  by  which  he  is 
enabled  to  diftinguiih  good  fipom  erll, 
and  to  corre^k  the  dtibrdecly  paAom  ^ 
corrupt  propenfities  of  Jus  aalMrev  **''^ 
mere  rtafrn  is  infufHcient  to^  ovcrceiDr- 
They  believe,  that  the  influciice  of  tbe 
Spirit  of  Chrift  is  neceffary  to  enahir 
thcmj  acceptably,  toworthip  the  Fa-^'^ 
-of  li^>  and  of  rpirits,  ia  fpirit  and  la 
: truth  ;  and  are  of  omnioR,  that  to^^ 
in-filtnco   is   moil  fa*[>ttrable.  to  tbrir 


On  Oil,  as  a  Cure  ef  the  Plaguk 


*is 


having  a  true  fight  of  their  toudition  be- 
llowed upon  them.  • 

They  believe,  that  dl  true  miniftry  U 
derived  finom  the  fame  fource,  and  that 
it  forings  from  the  influence  of  the  Holy 
Spirit.  They  rejeft  the  ceremonies  of 
baptil'm  and  the  Lord's  iMpper  j  the  firft, 
ai5  belonging,  according  to  St.  John,  to 
an  Inferior  and  decreafing  difpenfation,  it 
being  merely  typical  of  true  /pirituai 
baptiiin :  the  latter  rit«  they  do  not  con- 
fidcr  as  maintaining  the  communion  be- 
tween Chrift  and  hit  church,  which  is 
only^  done  by  a  real  participation  of  his 
divine  nature  through  faith ;  one  is  the 
fubftance,  the  other  the  fhadow. 

They  refufe  to  take  an  oath,  or  to  bear 
arms,  as  being  repugnant  to  the  princi- 
ples of  the  Golpcl.  But  their  tenets  in- 
culcate fubmiffion  to  the  laws  of  govern- 
ment in  all  cafes  wherein  conicience  is 
aot  violated. 

Vour's,  &c.  I.  N. 

Tosh  E&tw  of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

IN  addition  to  the  interefting  account 
of  the  ufe  o^oil,  in  curing  the  plague, 
j^iven  iti  your  Magazine  for  November 
laft,  permit  me  to  offer  you  an  original 
treatife,from  the  Reverend  Father  Lewis 
of  Pomia,  adminiftrator  of  the  hofpi- 
tal  of  St.  Anthony,  at  Smynia,  given 
by  him  to  a  friend  of  mine  while  at  that 
plice,  fome  yeai-s  ago,  and  containing 
an  account  of  his  ufe  of  oil  in  curing 
the  plague.  I  underftand  that  the  idea 
of  the  ufe  of  oil,  in  this  difeaic,  was 
fuggefted.  to  Mr.  Baldwin,  by  oh- 
Irving  that  none  of  the  porters  conftant- 
ly  employed  in  loading  the  veffcls  with 
•il,  in  the  various  ports  of  the  Mediter- 
ranean, and  whole  cloaths  and  bodies 
were  conftantly  fwathed  with  that  iluid, 
were  ever  attacked  by  the  contagion, 
tVen  when  moft  prevalent.  He  commu- 
nicated this  obfervation  to  FatherLE  wis, 
and  he  could  not  have  pitched  upon  a 
perfon  better  fitted  to  bring  its  truth  to ' 
the  teft  of  experiment . ' 

Father  Le  wi  s  ,1  auo  informed ,  was  ori  - 
einirily  ^  f'veBchman,  of  noble  birth  and 
liberal  dd^vntiob.  From  fome  circum-  - 
fbmces^  with  which.!  an^not  acquainted, 
he  was  induced  to  dedicate  himfelf  to  a 
religious  life.  And  he  concluded,  that 
thei-e  wis -no  wayinv^hich  heu  could -at 
«nce  fo  compktoly  tsflify  his  conftantrK- . 
Hance  on  divine  I^oo^idence,  ;and,  -at^e- 
iiune  time,  benefit  hki  fellow^fircatumsSy 
as  by  becoming  a  religious  afliflant  to  an 
k«rpital  cftabliihed  for  the  rclkf  of  per* 


fons afHiaed  witlc thficj^hga^,  andadmi* 
nifterine  of  comtbrt  to-  utofe  whoyn  all 
the  world  rcjefted. 

With  this  view,  he  repaired  to  Smyrna^ 
and  attached  himfelf  to  the  hoipital  eT- 
tabliflied  there  exclufively  for  thofe  af- 
fli&edwith  the  plague.  His  zeal  and 
afliduity  ibon  made  him  Spiritual  nStor 
of  the  eftablifhment,  a  fltxiation  which  be 
fb  well  deferved  to  £11.  He  hat  had  three 
or  four  attacks  of  the  plague,  one  of 
which  totally  deprived  him  of  the  fenie 
of^  fmell.  This  he  confidcrs  as  a  great 
blelling;  as  it  was  the  lenfe  moil  offended 
in  the  courfe  of  his  miniftr}'.  Before  he 
was  deprived  of  fmell^  he  could  generally 
judge  pretty  accurately  by  that  means» 
whether  a  patient  when  brought  into  the 
hofpital  would  live  or  die.  He  does  not 
hefitate  to  periona  eveiy  office  about  a 
perfon  in  every  ftage  ot  the-  peftilence» 
with  no  other  prscaution  than  to  avoid 
inhaling  their  breath.  No  doubt,  being 
habituated  to  the  notion  of  contagion^ 
and  having  a  firm  and  unfhaken  reliance 
on  the  protection  of  Providence,  tend  to 
puard  him  againft  infection.  He  has  been 
in  his  prefent  fituation  near  twenty  vears» 
and  every  friend  to  humanity  muit  wi& 
that  he  may  long  continue  t&  fulfil  hi* 
arduous  duties. 

It  is  worthy  of  remark,  that  fome 
cafes  have  lately  been  publifhed  in  this 
country,  where  inunCkioa  with  oil,  to- 
gether with  forcing  fmall  quantities  of 
it  down  the  throat,  fecm  to  have  cured  the 
dreadful  contagion  of  hydrophobia,  evea 
after  the  difeaie  had  beeun. 

The  Italian  is  in  Father  Lewis's  owa 
hand^ writing,  and  in  the  tranfbtioo  moi^ 
attention  is  paid  to  accuracy  thui  ele- 
gance. Your*s» 

Loadofi,  Jan.  1798,  A.  P.  B. 

Tr  A  N  SL  A  Tio  V  from  the  Italian  of  a  Paper  cf 

Father  Lb  wis,  0/*  Smyrna^  anthc  Ufiof  Oup 

ax  a  Cure  for  the  Pl^VJ** 

«  The  wonderful  eras6b  which  have  been 
produced  by  the  inun£lion  with  common  oil, 
in  the  prclent  year  170a,  tn  this  our  city  of 
Smyrna,  miferably  affli^ed  with  the  pefti'* 
lent  contagion,  mufl  necefla'rily  render  ever 
renowned  the  celebrated  Signior  BAlbWtNp 
ingenious  inventor  of^it,  and-fhe*  fltft  Mrjio 
praaifed  it  duriA^^  the*  laft  year, ^ac  Atuelb. 
.  dria.  But  it  wiU  ilfa-oiiljgeiiivery  ontf^tlmc 
loves,  acconlisBC  to  the  divine  pr^ept^  fto 
(ucoour  hi»iMMg|ibour  id  ,the  mo^  huoMa* 
bl|B  apd ,  jvf  ^tc^ied  condition,  to  which  f  ny 
nan  can  be  seduced  on  earth,  not  to  JQieglc^ 
to  tel^oyr  on*  .him  fo  meritorious'  an  ?^..of 
.Chriillao  piety,  and  humane  commifcratio)!} 
and  to  thank  God,  that  aftdr  fo  xpiny  age^,  in 
which  thofe  li^ho  Were  unfortunately  afflifte* 
with  the  plague  have  beeaabanioncdj  without 

hopes 


fathtr  £(n>  to  tit  Cure  tftbt  PlttsfUi 


»A 


Itopcs  of  any  mtiW*  icaaedy,  tothecoRfe- 
^uencc  of  tbcir  difenfe}  he  hith  at  lafl 
▼ouchrafcd^  by  tUc  means  of  tRc  faid  Signipr, 
to  mike  known  a  ipeclfk,  as  easily  procured 
3^  It  IS  ufcful  to  the  relief  and  eafe  of  tlie  al*- 

macd. 

**  The  rejkeated  trials  mide  with  my  own 
ktndsy  not  as  a  phylkian,  which  perliaps 
vould  not  be  of  ffo  much  importance,  but  aj' 
the  ofverfeer  of  an  infiniury  which  is  under 
mrf  own  management^  perfuades  me  of  what, 
^thouC  any  exagsention,  I  affirm;  and 
BGCwithftandin;;  thofe  who  acknowledge  the- 
ory as  die  only  guide  of  their  medical  opera- 
ttons^  confideringy  for  my  part,  experience 
as  the  ulc -bearer  of  fa^ls,  I  freely  fjy,  that 
the  fmearing  with  oil,  after  the  manner  of 
llr.  Baldwin,  is  *he  only  medicament 
vhich  pra€lically  fcems  to  promife  to  turn 
•It  a  nta!  method,  by  which  we  may  be 
coaMed  to  cure  chis  contagious  difeafe,  which 
^ifgncefyUy  ^    —  —      and  chat  all 

tbe  other  difcoveries,  which  during  full 
twenty  years  that  I  have  aiTiiled  thofe  afflided 
with  die  plagiie,  I  have  feen  ufed  in  Smyr- 
aa,  have  in  general  appeared  tu  be  the  pro> 
^dions  of  prcfumptuous  ignorance,  or 
wretched  oflentation;  and,  tliercfore,  not 
en!y  afclefs,  but  prejudicial  to  fuch  as,  with 
a  foolifh  enthufiafm,  put  their  truft  in  them. 

"  I  Aall  not  attempt  philofophrcally  to 
account  for  the  hBiA  I  am  about  to  deuit. 
Bat  guided,  as  I  have  already  faid,  by  expe> 
rieoce  alone,  1  fubmit  the  obfervations  I 
kanre  UAinterruptedty  made  on  the  efedb  of 
|he  uA^iiony  during  a  period  of  five  months, 
to  die  difpaflionate  judgment  of  thofe  who 
ire  acquainted  with  fuck  matters,  hoping, 
that  they  will  not  attribute  to  impofture  or 
deceit  wlut  is  faid  in  the  pure  fpirit  of  do- 
ing good  to  my  fellow  men. 

**  I  have  ftcn,  then,  that  the  inuniilon 
With  Qi!  —  —  ^ 

ind  acls  rather  by  /hutting  than  by  opening 
the  pores  —  —  — 

—  but  over  the  whole  of  the  body,  fo 

9^  to  produce  a  moft  copious  fweat,  preferves 
for  die  moft  part  from  new  foundation  of 
buboes,  and  tends- to  bring  thofe  which  have 
already  appeared  to  a  fuppuration,  with  the 
afliftanceof  emollient  cataplafms,  which,  in 
general,  are  extinguiihed  with  the  ceHadon 
of  the  fweat. 

«•  Secondly,  I  have  obfcrved  that  the  in- 
unction ihould  be  followed  by  a  confiderable 
degree  <:>i  fridiion  of  ths  limbs  of  the  paticntj 
and  alfo,  that  theCe  remedies  (hould  be  ap- 
plied  as  foon  V&  pOiTible  after  the  attack  of 
the  difeafe  ;  for  if  foor  or  fire  days  arc  fuf- 
ftred  to  vlapfp,  as  has  happened  in  fome  pa- 
tients, they  are  no  longer  of  atiy  oie. 
'  *^  Thirdly,  That  none  have  been  be* 
fiefite<f'  by-  the  inun£lion,  haweiret  accu* 
iBstcly  permrmcd^  whofe  ner^us  fyi^em  has 
t^eo  ^ttaclMd  hy  the  malady,  or  who  were 
Ii^i43cd  with  diarrhera,  both  ojf  which  have 
»    «■■■■    .  ■■.i^- ■  >      ■        ■  .  - 


always  been  coofidered  by  me,  as  well  as  bf 
others,  as  fata!  fymptomsin  this  cbimpLilLi, 
inrpoiTible  to  remedy. 

"  Fourthly,  Exclafive  of  thofe  already 
fcitcd  with  dicfe  mortal  fymptoms,  I  ttm- 
bute  to  the  inundtion  with  oi),  in  which  i 
repofc  the  greateft  confidence,  the  cwrc  rf 
fixty-foar  of  ray  patients,  wh<»  amounted  tKii 
year  to  the  number  of  one  Iwodrcd  and  &f> 
tecn^  as  well  as  (Uty-five  others,  «h:ch 
either  by  me,  or  by  Signior  Ebazaro  d'EiI*r., 
phylkian  to  theplague-hol'pttal,  were  anoint- 
ed in  this  rcanne^j  and  I  conclude,  that  if 
the  inunction  did  not  fucceed  with  thcfe  whd 
died,  it  was  either  becaxife  the  amfulu&i 
phyGci.ini  rcfufed  it  a  trial,  or  becaufe  it  >iJi 
not  had  fecourfe  to  in  time,  orbecaul'e  it  -jr:* 
not  followed  ti)>  with  the  requifxte  attention.** 

T0  the  Editor  of  tbe  Mentbfy  Ma^axm. 

SIR, 

VV  of  writing  gone  into  difuk? 
Why  do  our  dramas  of  the  preient  day 
afford  no  dialogues,  in  which  wit,  hu- 
mour, and  mtive  charaflei*  are  difpLiyri, 
in  union  wijh  fenfe  and  (pirit  ?** — Tb«fc 
are  queftions  t6  the  one  of  which  we  may 

five  a  tolci-ably  fatisfa£loiy  anfwiT, 
y  obfrrvlng,  that  men  do  not  now,  as 
in  the  days  of  Plato  and  Cicrro,  gain 
their  knowledge  in  fo  confiderable  a  pro- 
portion from  wrja  'voce  tnfti-uftion,  as 
to  be  naturally  led  to  imitate  the  fani€ 
form,  even  when  communicating  fcicnre 
through  ^lic  medium  of  books ;  but  that, 
on  the  contrary,  fo  little  are  we  nowac- 
cultomed  to  receire  inftniftion,  otherw- fc 
than  from  books,  that  whenever  we  at- 
tempt  to  teach  Avith  the  living  voice,  we 
are,  fr.:ni  this  circumftance,  led  to  prefer 
the  dull  fbnnal  lef^ure,  which  imitates 
the  reading  of  a  book,  to  the  lively  -xzi 
varied  dialogue,  which  might  makf 
fcicncc  w?ar  the  bewitching,  unftudiej 
air  uf  calual  and  carelefs  converfaticn. 
The  other  I  (hall,  for  the  prefent,  Icarc 
to  be  anfwered  by  Meflrs.  Reykolds, 
Morton,  Cumberland,  or  by  whora- 
ibever  clfe  it  may  concern. 

Nothing  ha*  lately-  contributed  fo 
much  to  confirm  a  partiality  which  the 
v.-ritiogs  of  Plato  and  Cicero,  and  of 
Erafnius,  that  black  fWam  of  Holland, 
long  fmcc  led  me  to  concelre,  in  fa\ourcf 
the  (iialogue-form  of  compoiStrfti:;  as  th? 
perufal  of  that  fhie  work,  "  ft  Carf/p- 
anoT  bvContcBildaflfarCaftigliobe.  . 

The  deCgn  of  this  work  is,   toexpli:a 

what  native  qualities  and  acquiroroerrs 

of  education  are  nccefTanf,  to  tccompliib 

a  jeemleman  tnd  a  ladf  for  fliining  wth 

disui6bio&  in  a  court. '  It  was  written 
......  .  .^   .  ^,^ 


lifuiry  inta  thf  D^tifi  if  Dhkfi*-ti>ritlng., 


•5f 


after  itt  author  had  attained  to  full  ma- 
tttrifjof  feart  and  ez{xrience$  after  he 
I-  had  coDTerr«d  much  with  books,  and  in 
I  fcmcf  of  war£uvy  of  folemn  political  bu- 
;  Hoefs,  of  valiant  and  courtly  gaiety,  very 
much  with  men.    He  intended  it  as  a 
fond  memorial  of  the  court  of  Urbino,  in 
which  he  had  fpent  many  of  his  earlier 
years.    The  accompliflied  male  and  fe- 
I  male  chaia&ert  which  he  has  attempted 
to  delineate,  were  meant  by  him  to  ex- 
hibit the  copied  excellencies  of  the  fair, 
the  gallant,  and  the  wife,  whofe  fociety 
he  had  there  enjoyed.    The  faihion  of 
literary  compofitioff  in  dialogue  was,  at 
that  time,  even  to  a  ridicuWs  degree, 
frevalent  in  Italy.   So  very  prevalent  was 
It,  that  hiftory,  of  which  I  poflefs  a  par- 
ticular (pecimen,   was  then  written  in 
dialogues.     Caftiglione,  of  courfe,  and 
with  the  happleft  propriety,  was  induced 
to  frame  his  work    in  tliis  fafhionable 
form.    It  is  reprefoited  as  the  fubRance 
of  feveral  different  converfations,  which 
pai&d,  on  ^o  many  fuccelfive  evenings,  in 
thepreienceof  the  duke  and  duchefs  of 
Urbino.    The  fubjefl,  and  its  difcuffion, 
art:  chofen  at  the  pleafure  of  a  lady,  as  an 
amaiement  after  lupper,  which  might  for 
onoe  be  preferred  to  queftions  andcom- 
mands,  or  croia  purpofes,  or  any  other 
more  common  and  lefs  refined  means  of 
recreation.     Firft,  on  one,  and  then,  to 
relieve  him,  on  ieveral  others  in  fuccef- 
£on,  is  impo(ed  the  uik  of  defcribing  the 
cbanfler,  and  enumerating  the  qualifi- 
cations   of  the    accomplimed    courtier. 
From  the  accomplilhed  gentleman,  the 
proerefs  of  the  converfation  at  length 
pa£s,  by  a  Tery  natural  tranfition,  to 
the  accompliflied  lady.    The  perfons  in 
the  company,  and  particularly  thofe  who 
take  a  ihare  in  the  dialogue,  are  men  and 
women  of  the  higheft  rank,  and  the  moft 
iiluftrious  peribnal  charafter,  which  were 
in  that  aee  known  in  Italy.    The  tedi- 
oufnefs  of  a  continued  harangue  from  the 
mouth  of  one  perfon,  is  avoided,  by  ob- 
jeftions,  firom  time  to  time,  gaily  urged 
againft   the  opinions   of  the  principal 
foeakers,  and  nxnn  frequent  explanations 
demanded  from  them.    Men,  who  were 
ihemlelves  confeflcdly  eminent  in   thofe 
sccomplUhpuAts  which  are  enumerated, 
are  tlSe  ipeakers  from  whofe  mouths  the 
defcriptions  of  thedifferent.qualifications 
required,  are  made  refpeftively  to  flow. 
One  rich  ftream  of  meilifiuent  eloquence, 
and  wildom  nw  through  th^'  whole  fe- 
riet  of  the  di/coiir(c,  .from  its  opening  to 
its  vcrv  clofc.    It  ii  enlivened,,  not  poly 
Fith  the  Sowen  and  figures  of  eloquence^ 
M9STai.T  MikO.  No.  xzz. 


but  with  a  multitude  of  Itaiirt  and  ifariking. 
witticiims,  and  with  many  entertaining 
anecdotes,  which  the  fpeaJcers  relate,  to 
iljuflrate  their  pofitions,  and  which  the 
author  muft  have  Intended,  alfo,  to  pre- 
▼ent  wearinds  in  his  reader.  The  pecu« 
liar  pailions,  huniours,  habits,  and  u- 
lents  of  eveiy  different  fpeaker,  are,  witl\ 
great  dramatic  power,  exprefled  in  thofe 
parts  of  the  dialogue  which  are  refpec- 
tiirely  attributed  to  each*  Every  literarR 
compofition,  whatever  be  its  fubje£V,muft 
neceflarily  difplay,  in  its  illufti-ationt 
and  ailufipna,  more  or  lefs  of  the  cuftoma 
and  manners  of  the  age  and  cotmtry  ta 
which  it  is  written  $  and  muft  be,  witk 
more  or  lefs  care,  modelled  to  fit  the 
common  lerel  of  the  tafte  and  intelligence 
of  thoie  contemporaries,  to  whom  it  is  hj 
the  author  addrefled.  But,  I  have  nevef 
met  with  any  work,  ia  which  thert  wa« 
a  more  copious,  a  more  difcriminatingi 
a  more  piaurefque  and  faithful  difplav 
of  the  manners  and  cuftoms,  amid  wnica  * 
it  was  corapofed,  than  that  which  occurs 
in  *<  //  Corttgiam  :'*  or  with  any  in  whic^ 
fuch  a  difplay  was  introduced  with  a 
happier  fublerviencv  to  the  principal 
fcope  of  the  compoution*  Caftiglione*^ 
Dialogue  feems  to  prefent,  as  it  were,  a 
grand  hiftorical  painting  of  the  court  of 
Duke  Guido  Ubaldo,  in  the  perfect  cofi 
tame  of  the  a^,  in  which  he  lived  in 
that  prince's  iervice.  Reading  fuch  a 
work,  one  is  interefted  much  as  if  fomf 
ancient  city,  that  had  been  fiuktenly  over- 
whelmed by  a  volcanic  eruption,  fhouUl 
be  unexpectedly  cleared  from  all  the  fu- 
perincumbent  matter,  and  expofed  to  our 
view,  and  we  (hould  behold  apartments, 
peribns,  drefles,  utenfils,  ornaments,  fuch 
as  were  peculiar  to  the  period  of  the  fatal 
deluge  of  fire,  all  grouped  together  in  the 
Tarious  afTemblages  of  the  btifmefs,  or 
amufements  of  real  and  a^ive  life.  The 
exwditty  or  introductory  paragraphs  in 
Cicero's  "  Pbilofopbical  Dtabguei^**  are 
often  exquifiterocrfels  of  delicate,  tender, 
or  animated  compofition.  But  none  of 
all  thefe  appears  to  me  to  excel  tiie  /;r-  . 
ordia,  particularly  of  the  firft  and  the 
fourth  book  of  *'  IlCortigianor  For  that 
dramatic  contexture  and  effeA  to  which 
dialogue-writing  owes  ahnoft  all  its  pe- 
culiar advaniages,  I  iheuldi  without  be* 
fitation,  prefer  Caftigliqne'e  work  to  any 
treatiiein  the  form  of  dialogue,  wbetho: 
ancient  4ir  modem,  and  however  highly 
celebrated.  •  Caftiglione  lived  ^and  wrote 
in  the  eiul  of  the  fifteenth  cdviuty,  and 
the  beginning  of  the  fixteenth,  the  ^wjT 
golden  age  dXltit&n  Uter«cuie.  Hift  ^^»' 
t\  •  althouglk 


251$ 


Ikteri/Hftg  EJiMfimunt  of  a  Cduntrj  SibooL 


iJthoiigh  not  purely  Tufcan,  i«  accovnted 
exquiiSely  elegant  by  the  Italians  them- 
felvcs.  Inavc,  of  purpofe,  heiT  confined 
myfelf  to  fpeakof  the  form  and  acccidental 
ornaments  of  **  //  Cortt'gianot**  without 
^Onfidering  its  merits,  as  a  ti-eatifc  on  it» 
peculiar  iubje^l ;  in  refpc«5t  of  whicli,  at 
fcail  equal  praifl*  might  be,  with  juiVitc, 
beftowed  upon  it.  I  ftiould  like  to  itt 
th»  charming  book  more  generally  resid 
ib  Britain  than  it,  at  prel'ent,  is.      T.  N. 

Ta  tit  Editor  of  tie  Monthy  Magazine, 

SIR,, 

THE  intelligence  which  I  have  juft 
received  from  the  country  givet 
me  b  much  plcafure,  and  impreffes  my 
mind  with  fo  high  an  opinion  of  itt  va- 
iue,  that  I  canm>t  well  refift  the  inclina- 
tion I  feel  of  making  it  public.  When 
mny  thing  is  done  for  the  impit>vement 
0r  ornament  of  (bciety,  I  think  it  it  a 
tribute  we  owe  the  benefactor,  net  t« 
withhold  the  praife  he  merits,  nor  to  be 
ftlent  on  a  fubje6t  which  concerns  the 
general  welfai'e.  I  could  have  wifhtd  even 
to  have  introduced  you  to  the  name  of 
my  worthy  friend,  as  well  as  to  his  li- 
berality, but  this  not  meeting  his  idea<, 
I  fliall  content  mylelf  with  recommend* 
ing  to  the  imitation  of  others  what  juftly 
tntitles  him  to  the  thanks  of  his  country. 
It  occurred  then  to  him,  and  more  par- 
ticularly as  being  a  clergyman,  for  he  is 

'  one,  and  what  is  more,  a  true'miniftcr 
•f  the  gofpel,  that  nothing  is  To  much  to 
be  regretted,  as  the  want  of  that  infor- 
mation amongftthe  lower  cla/Ses  of  people, 
which  is  ft)  eflfential  to  their  temporal 
and  etvmal  intereft.  It  is  indeed  but  too 
juft  a  reBeAion  upon  the  policy  of  any 
ftatc,  where  the  means  of  cultivating  the 
tindfirftanding  of  its  members  arc  not 
pi-ovided.     We  have  only  to  turn  our 

^eres  to  Scotland,  to  evince  the  truth  oi 
this  rnnark,  in  whofe  fuperior  wifdom 
we  nftd  our  own  reproach.  If  is  quite 
unneeefTary  to  detail,  or  particularize, 
any  of  the  nimieroiw  inttanccs  that  have 
^cctirred,  and  which  are  recent  in  almoil 
every  one's  i^eeolk^ion,  of  fo  many  of 
the  infrrior  -oltlers  of  her  community,- 
iwho-  have  attained  to  eminence,  opu- 
lence, and  honour.-  An  incitement  to 
induftry  and  ability,  a  general  door  to 
merit  is  thrcswn  frp«i,'  hy  the  adoption  of 
l«mt)»aHea.  for  the  education  of  youth 
in  cverv  town  and  village  of  that  provi- 
dent country.     To  'enumerate  the  great 

'advantages  which  n-fult  fi'om  fuch  wife 
iollituti^nft  wouUi^  exceed  my  prcicat 


purpoie }  I  iball  proceed-  tfaeitfone  to  du.- 
cidate  fome  of  them  a&idcd  us  in  the 
inltance  of  my  generous  conf^ndent* 
And  furely  it  is  a  no^lc  proof  of  difui' 
tereftednefs  and  of  charity  in  a  private 
individual,  the  rc&or  oi  an  incomiden- 
able  pariAf,  to  fink  (and  while  living  too) 
above  two  thoufand  pounds  of  his  for- 
tune in  the  founding  of  a  ichool  fox  th« 
inllnit>ion  of  the  cfaildien  of  his  flocii. 
It  is  an  occurrence,  Mr.  Editor,  {9 
ftriking,  that  I  fcarcelv  think  ^e  prefoit 
age  can  fumitfh  a  (nntiar  example.  Not 
many  miles  fouth  of  Oyfoiti,  in  a  village 
in  the  county  of  I;crks,  is  ere6icd  2 
ftrong  but  handfome  edifice,  of  hrick 
and  tile )  the  fchool  is  on  one  £dt  of  the 
entrance,  and  the  mailer's  houfe  on  the 
other,  with  the  fcveral  i*efpc6lireofliccf 
adjoining:  the  approach  from. the  ftreet 
is  by  two  fteps  of  afcemt  $  on  each  fide 
is  »  parterre  of  flowers  and  (brubc,  with 
a  paved  walk  to  the  houfe  twenty  feet  in 
length,  behind  which  there  is  a  good 
kitchen  garden.  Here,  by  the  found  of 
a  bell,  the  children,  forty  in  number, 
(boys  and  girls)  arefumrooned  to  repair 
at  an,  early  hour,  and  are  inftm^ed  ia 
reading,  writing,  and  arithmetic* 

The  fchool  opens  and  cloffs  witk 
prayers  read  by  the  raa^r,  to  whom  a 
vtiy  liberal  falary  is  given ;  which,  to. 
cetner  with  an  annual  fum  for.  pxtnridiDg 
books,  paper,  pens,  and  ink,  for  tbt 
fcholars,  and  repairs,  ari(es  from  the 
public  funds,  and  is  properly  fecured  fbi 
ever.  My  fi-iend,  who  attends  even  to 
the  minutiae  of  propriety,  has  left  no- 
thing undone ;  for  there  is  fomething  ap- 
propriated for  a  handfome  dinner  for  the 
children  on  the  anniverfary,  and  likevrii'c 
for  the  entertainment  hereafter  of  truf. 
tees  who  will  audit  the  accounts,  and  in> 
fpeft  the  fchool  on  that  day .  I  fliall  now 
conclude  my  letter  by  fubjoining  a  fpe- 
cimen  of  the  fruit,  which  thi»  infant  in- 
ftitution  has  already  proditced  \  a  fpeci- 
men  I  think  of  genius  almoft  as  extraor- 
dinary, as  the  fpiendid  inftance  of  charity' 
by  which  it  was  brought  to  light.  It  ik 
the  compofition  of  a  boy  of  eleven  yean 
of  age,,  who  has  beei)  but  thi-ee  yean  at 
fchool:  the  ideus  wor^  his  own,  and  the 
only  alteration  made  by  the  n|after  was 
in  a  trivial  error  or  two  of  orthography: 
it  was  pcefcated  by  the  boy  to  his  bene- 
fa£lor  on  the  morning  of  the  aniJiveri"arT. 

I  am.  Sir,  youi's>  &C-  PhilOlocvs. 

SckQo{.  O^cher  3,  179". 
.  **  Mofl.rerpe6>ed  a|idmoft  generous  be- 
ns£a^ior,.  permit  m.Cj  ^  i^.  toe  humblc^ft 


Further  Partiadars  rHatku  ia  Wtlfh  Indians. 


«J7 


manner,  to  return  you  fincere  'thsnk$» 
and  to  ^xprefra  heartfelt  gratitude  ibr 
tbe  beoehts  which  you  have  conferred 
on  me  and  my  fchooUtellows.  Mu ch  in- 
deed are  we  poor  children  indebted  to 
jou.  Bom  oi  parents,  who  were  unable 
to  procure  for  ua  an  education,  we  xnuft 
have  been  leit  unprovided  with  the  know- 


feveral  are  particular  in  mafkisg  the  lime 
of  the  voyage  down  the  Aream  into  the 
Mii£iffipp>  to  be  full  three  months,  whiob 
exceeds  the  fpace  it  took  £  vans  by  about 
from  1 6  to  aoUays. 

The  tbUowing  communication  rerpe6l. 
ing  the  fame  fubje£t,  came  to  hand  a  few 
days  ago,  being  an  exti*a£t  of  ji  letter. 


iedge  reqniiite  ibr  difchar^ing  properly    written  lad  April,  to  the  late  Dr.  Jones 

the  ordinary  duties  of  lite ;    unfit  for    -"  ^' '''^^    *- ■  ^■-  ^-'^--     *'- 

going  through  the  employments  of  honeft 
induthy,  and  almoft  totally  unacquaint-. 
ed  with  the  maxims  of  that  divine  wif- 
dom,  which  religion  unfolds  and  incul- 
cates. We  ikould  have  been  unable  to 
govern  our  pailions ;  ignorant  of  our  du- 
ties to  our  Uody  and  to  our  fellow-crea- 
tures;  without  a  guide  to  conduct  us  in 
the  way  of  truth  and  virtue  j  without 
the  means  of  fanfiifying  and  faving  our 
immortal  fouls  :  fuch  had  been  our  me- 
lancholy fituation,  expofed  to  eveiy 
danger,  fuiTOunded  by  evgry  miiery,  had 
not  you  ftretchedout  your  triendly  hand, 
and  imparted  to  us  thofe  aids  and  conv< 
forts,  which  our  owi}  parents,  thoughk 
they  wiibed  it  iii  all  the  tbndnefs  of.  af^ 
fei^ion,  alas!  were  notable  to  beftow.-— 
It  ought  to  be,  and  it  ihould  be,  the 
conftaot  obje^  of  our  future  days,  to 
corre^ond  withy  our  gracious  intentions, 
by  walking  fteadily  on  in  the  virtuous 
path  which  you  have  opened  before  us  ; 
giving  glory  to  God  in  our  lives,  making 
imrfeives  ufeful  to  fociety,  and  (hewing 
forth  to  the  world  the  benefits  that  are 
derived  to  it  frooi  this  charitable  inftitu- 
lion.  William  jLooiCEs.'* 


To  the  Editw  ff  the  Monthly  Magazine. 


^0\J  were  pleafed.  to  infert  in  the 
Magazine  for  laft  month,  an  account 
of  the  return  of  John  Evans  to  St. 
Lou's,  on  the  Mifliflippi,  after  an  unfuc- 
cdsful  attempt  to  find  out  the  jreljb  In- 
iilans.  It  i«s  not  explained  therein  from 
what  caufe  he  was  compelled  to  return 
back,  after  Ifav ing  proceeded  upthcMif- 
fouri  eighteen  hun  ired  miles,  a  circum- 
iJaace  which  renders  th?  matter  very  am- 
biguous :  efpecially  fo,  as  he  was  dire»5led 
;q  look  for  the  people  in  queftion  ^bojit 
tlie  faurccs  of  that  river. 

In  order  to  do  away  the  impreflion, 
which  the  failure  of  Evans's  expedluion 
may  produce,  I  beg  leave  to  inform  you, 
that  I  have,  with  t1^  affiftanceof  africnd, 
made  a  colje^ion  of  about  eighty  dif- 
f.  rent  notices  of  the  exifteiice  of  fuch  a 
ii ibe  in  tbciitttatiQna^v^  mirntioned,  soid 


o:  Hamnierfmith,  by  his  brother,  Mr. 
Benjamin  Jones,  the  proprietor  of 
fome  iron  works  on  the  Monangahela  ri*. 
vcr,  near  Pittiburg,  which  runs  thus : 

"  One  of  our  neighbors,  who  bought 
wares  of  us  laft  fall,  went  down  the  Ohio, 
and  then  up  the  MiflTiflTippi,  within  fixty 
miles  of  the  confluence  of  the  MilTouri, 
to  a  town  called  Mazci'cs.     He  being  ono 
day  in  a  fi:ore,  law  two  Indians  conung  in« 
who  began  to  talk  to  the  Hore- keeper  ia 
forae  unknown  language.      The    itore.* 
keeper  lent  for  all  the  interpreters  about 
the  neighbounng  towns  and  forts,  but 
none  of  them  undei dood  their  language  s 
at  laft  a  perlbn,  who  I'poke  Welfh,  came 
ijb  and  obfel^ing  the  two  Indians  poin^ 
ing  to  ibme  goods  in  the  ilore,  and  talking 
together,     obferved      that     thev   talked 
Wel(h.     He  immediately  accoited  them 
in  that  language,  and  the  rel'ult  was,  that; 
they  understood  each  other   exceedingly 
well.     They  were  very  neatly  drefTed  in 
buck-ikin  trpm  head  to  foot,  but  had  na 
fhirts.     They  had  brought  fome   white 
bear-ikins,  drefied  in  a  veiy  curious  man- 
ner with   the  hair  on.      He  underilood 
that   they  lived  a  great  way  up  the  Miit 
Iburi,  and  hud  been  at  ieait  three  monthf 
on  their  journey,  before  they  reached  the 
place  they  were  then  in*     Thefe  are  all  , 
the  particulars  I  could  leaii)  of  him.    He 
is  now  gone  down  again,  and  prproifedto 
make  a  more  particulai*  inquiry.    He  faid 
they  were  copper-coloured,  like  other  In- 
dians, and  had  very  bbck  hair^  and  pp 
^eard,  except  a  little  on  the  cliin^  There 
K  no  doubt  «t  all  but  tli«  nation  of  Welfli 
fndians  lives  near  the  iource  of  the  Mif- 
fouri,  perhaps  two  thoufand  miles  from 
its  mouth :  it^ikcwifcfeemsprobajbl^xhat 
thole  regions  are   pretty  cold,   as^  they 
abound  with  white  bears,   which  are  all ' 
perfeAly  black,  at  lead  on  the  foutji  fide 
of  the  lakes,    and  about   the    AU^any 
puuntains.     I  reinaix^  Sir,  ypyr's,  &c. 


tr^  Oe  E<&^,of  tiHiMqpaij  MW^^    * 

SIR, 

TAXATION,  which,  urtder  the  ad- 
miniftration  of  "Mr.  Pitt,    ha* 
fcarchetf  ontevery  mcdimn  through  which 
L  I  »    ^  the 


2S« 


Hightj  tfe.  of  TMOthH. 


the  pockets  bt*  the  people  could  be  reach- 
cd,  bas  at  laft  had  an  eiFeft  to  oblige  the 
different  clailet  of  fociety  to  forego  a 
ffreat  part  of  the  comforts  formerly  un- 
,3erfbod  to  belong  to  their  refpeflive  ii- 
tuations.  And  the  portion  of  income  al- 
Idtted  to  fuch  purpofes,  which  in  the  hands 
of  iBdiViduals  would  have  encreafcd  the 
powers  of  general  confumptioni  and  have 
mtiitipHed  the  fprings  of  domeftic  induf- 
tiV,  is  no^r  morti^ged  to  pay  the  intereft 
of  a  growing  national  debt. 

The  obje6l  of -.oar,  and  every  good 
con(^itution,  muft  be,  to  preferve  to  the 
multitude  of  individuals  the  full  enjoy- 
ment of  all  the  comforts  ariiing  firom  their 
iadividual  exertions,  and  from  the  advan- 
tageous circumftances  of  their  fituation. 
But  whether  the  ovei-powering  influence 
of  our  fjrftem  does  not  now  fuperfede  the 
eflfeft  of  fuch  principle  in  our  confti- 
^  tution,  is  a  queftion  of  which  every  man 
in  the  kingdom,  high  as  well  as  low,  can 
judge  from  his  own  experience.  Our 
ftatefmen  feem  to  value  national  profperity 
only  as  fumi(hing  new  means  for  the  fup- 
pdrt  of  ambition  5  every  little  comfort 
which  growine  induftry,  or  the  improved 
powers  of  labour,  might  have  added  to 
the  ftock  of  individual  enjoyments,  the 
rapacious  band  of  taxation  has  greedily 
felted  upon.  So  much  indeed  have  we 
been  familiarized  to  this  new  order  of 
things,  that  without  furpriae  we  daily 
liften  to  people  anxioufly  fUggcfting  ob- 
je£l$  of  general  consumption  not  yet  ex- 
faaufted  by  taxation ;  as  if  all  that  a  man 
laboured  for,  nature  had  not  intended  him 
fireely  to  enjoy.  We  find  alfo  our  ftatcf- 
inen  and  political  writers  calculating  na- 
tional profperity,  not  by  the  fum  of  indi- 
vidual enjoyment,  but  by  what  they  call 
our  refources,  and  by  the  number  of 
ilghtinff  men  we  are  capable  of  maintain- 
ing in  the  field. 

A  fyftem  of  government  founded  in 
yifdoQ))  ftould,  along  vith  evidence  of 
its  general  utility,  exhibit  features  of  pet- 
pwnency.  I  would  aflc,  however,  if  ge- 
neral utiHty  or  permanency  can  be  difco- 
▼ered  In  that  fyilem,  the  expcncps  of  which 
are  (uppofcd  to  be  ecjual  to  the  land -rent 
of  the  whole  kingdom,  and  thofeexpenccs 
,  growing  with  fuch  rapidity,  as  to  have 
.  nearly  douhled  under  a  (hort  adminiftra- 
tion  of  thirtpen  years.     In  fuph  circum- 

tances,  therefore,  may  it  not  be  a  duty  to 
ate  siffw  plain  q^eftions  fur  general  dif» 
.cuflion/  an^  perhaps  in  being  able  to  traoe 
.the evil  to  iu iowft,  be  led  to  the  means 
.^f  itseiTors.  •/   *       ' 

Vo9§  nojt  the  »a4A  of  fYCRT  «»tiof^ 


Immediate  aanuil  laboiir  i 

Of  the  accumulated  faviigs  of  Uie  la- 
bour of  fonner  years  ? 

And  of  a  rent  in  intereft,  drawn  for  the 
uie  of  fuch  part  of  thefe  accumulated  iar- 
ingSy  as  may  have  been  lent  to  foreign 
countries,  and  employed  in  foseign  U- 
hour? 

|f,  therefore,  the  amounf  of  the  im- 
mediate annual  labour,  with  the  additiao 
of  fuch  annual  rent,  ihould  not  together 
be  equal  to  the  general  annual  expenditure 
of  the  country,  the  ftock  of  accumulated 
labour  will  be  dirainiflied  to  the  extent  of 
the  defalcation ;  but  in  a  country  not  go* 
ing  back,  is  it  not  alfo  evident,  that  tiie 
great  proportion  of  every  burthenmuil  reft 
upon  labKJur? 

If  the  exchangeable  valueof  a  commo- 
dity does  not  depend  upon  its  coft,  but  is 
limited  by  a  market  competition  with 
fimilar  commodities,  the  waees  of  labour, 
depending  altogether  upon  the  market  de- 
mand for  labour,any  internaediate  charges, 
whether  arifing  from  mcreafed  taxes  or 
from  other  circumftances,  not  being  pof- 
fible  to  be  added  to  the  market  price  of 
this  commodity,  muft  of  neceffity  fall  to 
be  dedu6led  from  the  amount  of  waiges  the 
merchant  can  afford  to  pay  to  the  work- 
man. The  labourers,  therefore,  of  this 
country,  highly  favoured  by  nature,  may 
at  iaft  find  themfelves  in  na  better  fitua- 
tion than  the  labourers  of  thofe  countriet, 
to  which  nature  has  almoft  wholly  denied 
the  means  of  exchanging  their  indullry. 

I  know  I  am  within  bounds  when  I 
ftate,  that  the  labourers  of  Great  Bntaio, 
upon  an  average,  already  pay  a  twelfth  of 
their  income  towards  the  permanent  taxes. 
How  much  more  furprifin^,  however, 
would  this  be  if  ftated,  that  luch  labourer 
has  one  month  out  of  every  tw^ve  of  hii 
labour,  deftihed  by  inheritance  to  purpo- 
fes  which  bring  no  return  whatever  to  bio 
pr  to  his  family-  Such  cannot  be  a  na- 
tural, and  therefore  certainly  not  a  per- 
manent order  of  things.     For, 

If  It  is  not  competent  for  an  individual 
to  burthen  his  individual  pofterit^,  by 
what  juft  ri^ht  can  any  number  of  indi- 
viduals entail  burthens  upon  their  gene- 
ral pofterity,  even  upon  a  plan  of  fuppofed 
ber.p^ts  to  be  trafifinitted  to  them  ? 


T<r  tbe  Ediivr  rf  tbt  MnUhfy  ^tigmmtr 

SIR, 

I  Have  been  much'  ptelM^^eith  the  re- 
laribtts  which  htye  tg>tiutd  ia  the 
different  numbers  of  y^urMtgtfnne,  il- 
)uftnttin|  tl|e  tpj  f moui  ^(l  i|i  i»M 


Toddt  in  Stones BlkingtonM  Draining. 


*Sf 


biftory>  of  a  toad  ezifttng  for  a  length  of .  ging  the  fame  well^  at  the  deptjh  of  forty-on* 
time  ill  a  confiaed  fitiiation,  without  any  *'■'•'  ""* "  *'-^^^'"*-"  "*•-'  a.**"-^-  ►».-  — «^u«.-- 
fuppjy  of  fireih  air.  The  following  fa£l9 
are  mentioned  by  Dr.  WiLtiAMS,  of 
Vermont^  in  America,  in  a  work  which 
has  never  appeared  in  Europe,  and  which 
J  conceive  is  fcarcely  in  the  hands  of  anv 
perfon  in  this  country,  and  I  have  little 
doubt  but  they  will  be  found  a^sceptable 
to  many  of  your  readers,  as  in  fome  de- 
gree illuftrative  of  the  fa^e  fubje£l,  though 
relative  to  an  animal  fcrRiewhat  differjtnt 
in  its  habits. 

'*  ArWindfor,  a  town  joined  to  Connec- 
ticut ri?er,'*  fays  Dr.  WilliamI,  "  in  Sep- 
tember, 1790,  a  living  frog  was  dug  up  at 
the  depth  of  nine  feet  from  the  furface  of 
the  earth.  Stiphen  Jacobi,  Efq.  from 
whom  I  have  this  account,  informs  me,  that 
the  place  where  this  frog  was  found  ^yas 
about  half  a  mile  from  the  river,  on.  the  in- 
terval lands,  which  are  annually  overflowed 
by  its  waters. 

<<  At  Caftleton,  in  the  year  1779,  ^^^  l^^* 
blunts  were  engaged  in  building  a  fort,  near 
the  centre  of  the  .  town.  Digging  into  the 
earth  five  or  fix  feet  below  the  furface,  they 
found  many  frogs,  apparently  inactive,  and 
fuppofed  to  be  dead.  Being  espoijed  to  the 
air,  animation  foon  appeared,  and  they  were 
found  to  be  alive  and  healthy.  I  have  this 
account  from  General  Clarke,  and  a  Mr. 
MovLTON,  who  were  prefent  when  thefe 
frogs  wefc  dug  up.  Upon  viewing  the  fpot, 
it  did  not  appear  to  me,  that  it, has  ever  been 
orerflowed  with  water ;  but  it  abounded  with 
fprings.-^A  more  remarkable  inftance  was  at 
Burlington,  upon  Onion  river— In  the  year 
17SS,  Samukl  Lane,  Efq.  was  digging  a 
well  near  his  houfe  :  at  the  depth  of  twenty- 
five  or  thirty  feet  from  the  furface  of  the 
earth,  th«  labourers  threw  out  with  their  {ho- 
vels, fomething  which  they  fufpeded  to  be 
ground  nuts,  or  ftones,  covered  with  earth. 
Upon  ezaming  thefe  appearances,  they  were 
found  to  be  frogs  ;  to  which  the  earth  every 
where  adhered :  tho  examination  was  then 
made  of  the  earth  in  the  well,  where  they 
were  digging,  A  large  number  of  frogs  were 
found  covered  with  the  earth,  and  fo  nume- 
that  feveral  of  them  were  cut  in  pieces 


feet  and  a  half  from  the  furfacej  the  workmen 
found  the  body  of  a  tree,  eighteen  or  tsTeiit^ 
inches  to  diameter  $  partly  rotten^  but  tiit 
biggeft  part  found.  The  probability  is,  thit 
both  the  tree  and  the  frogs  were  once  at  tks 
bottom  of  the  channel  of  a  river,  or  hke| 
that  the  waters  of  Onion  river,  conftaatlf 
bringing  down  large  quantities  of  catth^  gn« 
dually  ralfed  the  bottoms ;  that  by  the  coo- 
ftant  increafe  of  earth  and^Mrater,  the  wat^ 
was  forced  oyer  its  bounds,  and  formed  ^ 
itfelf  a  new  channel  or  paflage,  in  its  defccofc 
into  lake  Champlain.  How  vigorous  and  per- 
manent muft  the  principle  of  life  be  in  thii 
animal  \  Frogs  placed  in  a  fituation  in  which 
they  were  perpetually  fupplied  with  maUhim 
and  all  wafte  and  perfpiration  from  the  bodj 
prevented,  preferve  the  powers  of  life  fiosft 
age  to  age  !  Centuries  muft  have  pafled  iatt 
they  began  to  live,  in  fuch  a  fituation }  asi4 
had  that  fituation  continued,  nothing  appcait, 
but  that  they  would  have  lived  for  many  ce&« 
tunes  yet  to  come  !** 

The  fame  authorhasfomecuriout£aA^ 
relative  to  the  migration  of  fwaliowa, 
martins,  &c.  which  I  Ihould  conceive  wall 
entitled  to  notice  in  your  Magazine,  aa 
the  work  nerer  has  been,  and  I  apprehend 
never  will  be  publiflied  in  England. 

Your's,  &c. 
April  ^t  1798.  FHXLOPausiKOf, 


H' 


by  the  fpades  of  the  workmen.  Being  ex- 
pofed  to  the  air,  they  foon  became^a^ive  ; 
but  unable  to  endure  the  dired  rays  of  the  fun, 
the  moft  of  them  perifiied.  This  account  is 
from  Mr.  Lam  a  ajud  Mr.  Lawrence,  one  of  the 
workmen,  who  were  both  prefent  when  the 
^gf  M^ere  dug  up.  From  the  depth  of  earth 
with  which  thefe  frogs  were  covered,  it  can- 
not be  doubted,  lil^^t  that  they  muft  have  been 
co«wsd  oyer  in.  the^earth  for  many  a^es,  or 
nther  centuries  t  th^  appearances  denote  tha« 
tiatoplso»ibqtB.,whe;ice  thefe  frogs. were  takeit 


.    ^nnw^  tlM,bo^(P  of  *  ph^cl,  or  lake,,.    -^^  tins  lubject,  hovyever,  1  navi 
fwijfd>j^hfwatq|Qf9i49ftf*Y«.'i    K^*8'   *^  ^  opportunity  of  pcrufins 


70  the  Editor  of  the  Mo$Ublj  M^^aaim* 

SIR, 

AVING  feen  yeur  very  tdeful 
Magazine  for  laft  month,  a  com-> 
munication  fisnied  R.  H.  (Kelfo)  re- 
fpe£ling  Mr.  Elkington'smode  of  drainhig 
land  \  has  induced  me  to  offer  a  few  ob- 
fervations  on  that  fubjeft. 

Extracts  from  every  new  and  uief^l 
treatife,  efpecially  thofe  relating  to  the 
improvement  of  agriculture,  might  tend 
very  much  to  benefit  the  community,  if 
conveyed  through  the  channel  of  periodical 
publications.         , 

Your  correfpondent,  R.  H.  has  only 
taken  notice  of  the  utility  of  Mr.  Klking- 
ton*s  method  of  draining  marftres  by'the 
dtteQwn  of.fprings,  as  he  is  t>lealed  to 
call  it  J  but,  although  he  fays,  that  he  has- 
had  opportunities  of  feeing  tht?  effc^^s  of 
his  *(Mr.  Elkington*8)  pra^ice-,  he  hat 
not  gratified  the  redder  with  an  exphnation# 
of  the  principles  on  whicH  hi«  iyftefn  it 
founded,  neither  has  he  given  any  hints, 
whcrebv  a  |pra£iicai  farmer  tnrght  be 
enabled  to. adopt  his  method,  or  atleaft 
be  induced  to  make  the  tttperiment,    • 

On  this  fubjeCV,  hovyevef  ,  \  have  lately 

^      X  Very 

irieful 


iea  Litters  of  the  King  ofPfkJpa Mf.  Dj^r  on  EngUjh  Verjificatkn. 


Il^ful  and  ingenibus  treatife,  publifhed 
Wnder  the  patronage  of  the  Board  of 
/Igriculture  and  Highland  Society  of  Scot- 
|and>  by  Mr.  Johnftone,  who  has  been 
iaftrufied  in  the  art  by  Eikington  himfelf^ 
■ftd  who  is  likewile  praiAmng  it  in  ihit 
coimtry  with  girat  fuccefs* — The  prin- 
viples  of  the  Art  he  has  clearly  d.mon* 
Ifaratcd,  and  by  means  of  various  views 
and  fcflioijs,  which  accomnany  the  work, 
)jr\5  certainly  contributcci  much  to  the 
cxteii£on«  both  of  its  theory  and  pra£lice. 
My  reafon  therefore,  for  thus  addrcfling 
grov*  is  with  a  view,  to  your  gratifying 
iiich  of  your  readers  as  may  not  have  aa 
apporttuiity  of  pci-oftng  Mr.  Johnftonc's 
4iook,  with  fuch  extra£ls,  as  your  own 
fodgment  may  lead  you  to  felcft  •  5  and 
aHo  with  a  view  of  making  it  moxt 
^gcner^lly  known,  among  the  landed  pro* 
}»ri1:fors  of  this  country,  where  I  believe  ' 
your  publication  is  pretty  extcnfively 
cumulated.     T  am,  Sir,  &c.  Sec, 

A  Friend  to  Ipjprovemjsnt. 
HatLiiKgtotj,  Feb,  1 7 9 S . 


7otbt  Editwoftbe  Monthly  Magazme. 

SIR,  .     . 

IK  your  Magazine  for  March,  you  have 
inferted  two  letters  from  Frederick,  the 
third  king  ^  PruiTia,  to  the  Duchefs  of 
Bmnfwick.  Your  cotrefpondent,  I .  S.  by 
whom  they  were  tranfmitted  to  you,  feems 
to  think,  that  the  chanidcr  of  Frederick 
is  not  accurately  known  ^  but  more  copious 
iifformatioh  has  not,  I  fuppofe,  betn  pub- 
liHicd,  concerning  any  prince  who  ever 
cxifl'ed,  than  has  been  communicated  to 
the  pobHc  relative  to  this  celebrated 
ffiooarch ;  and  I  think,  that  there  are  ho 
juft  grounds  for  any  marerfal  doul)fs 
refpcSin^  his  charaftcr,  which  has  l^een 
fidKcient^  afcertained  and  developed. 
The  letters,  communicated  by  your  cor- 
refjjSondenr,  as  they  were  written  by  a 
monarch  of  fuch  celebrity,  were  very 
properly  infrrtcd  in  your  roifcellany  j  but 
It  does  not  appear  to  me,  that  they  throvv 
any  new  lii  ht  upon  his  chai'a6ler.  It  is 
well  known,  tliat  Frederick,  in  his  private 
Rlationn  and  connexions,  could  frtfquently 
aft  and  write  like  a  very  amiable  man ; 
though,  on  other  occafions,  in  bis  public 
chai after,  he  could  fomc times  aft  like  an 

*  Our  conreCpondcnt,  if  a  reader,,  ought  to 
have  koowo  that  it  is  not  our  praftice  to  give 
€xtrafii  from  Ewglifh  books,  tnough  \vc  have 
M(»o^jcftionco  poiatout  10  public  notico  fuch 
as.ajre  Valuable. 


unfeeling  defpot.  If  your  correfpondent, 
i.  S.  thinks  that  he  has  made  any  new 
difcoveries  refpefting  Frcdiffick's  charac- 
ter, his  ideas  on  the  fubjeft  (hotild  be  morp 
diftinftly  ftated.  fL  S, 

April 'iy  1798. 


To  the  EMiOF  of  ike  Aktabff  Magi 

SIR, 

IN  a  former  letter  were  dropped  a  few 
hints  concerning  Englifhvetfification: 
the  fpecies  of  verfc,  to  which  thofe  obfer- 
vations  more  immediately  referred,  was 
the  Heroic,  or  Iambic  rhym**.  It  »i 
now  intended  to  confitier  the  other  fpecies 
of  verfc  adopted  by  Englifh  poets :  though 
it  muft  firft  be  noticed,  that  many  regu- 
lations applicable  to  the  Iambic  rhvme, 
^ill,  with  fame  few  variations^  a^ly  to 
the  other  metres.  An  equal  attrnUon  for 
example,  Ihould  be  (hewn  to  varying  the 
poufes,  to  improper  rhymes,  to  open  vow- 
els, and  the  like.  Therewill  be  left  occa- 
(ion, therefore,  to  repeat  fuch  obfcrvations : 
l^ood  fenfe  will  direft  where  a  deviation 
trom  general  rules  becomes  neccflary. 

The  Elegiac  meafure,  in  Englilh 
poetry,  h  various,  but  more  generally 
two-told  ;  the  ^croic  or  Iambic  rhyme — 
fuch  for  example  is  Mr.  Pope's,  fine  elegy 
on  the  death  of  an  unfoitunate  lady: 
What  beck'ning  ghoft,  along  the  moonlight 

Hiade 
Invite?  my  fteps,  and  pojnts  to  yonder  glade? 

and  Mr.  Maibn's  Ifisj  or,  the  Heroic, 
with  an  akcruate rhyme,  as  Mr.Shenftonc's 
JeflTy,  and  his  other  elegies.  Of  the  for- 
mer fpecies  of  Elegiac  verfe  I  have  already 
treated:  and  of  the  latter  Uttle  remaiss 
to  be  faid,  except,  that  the  pra£lice 
of  cur  beft  writers  feems  to  authorize 
us  to  fay,  that  the  fourth  line  natu- 
rally doles  the  fenfe,  and  that  the  laft 
word  of  that  line  (hou  Id  not  bejoinjsd  ro 
the  fuccecding  ftanza:  Mr.  Gray's  £"i^ 
in  a  country  cburch-yard  will  .exemplity 
this  remark :  the  utmoft  liberty  that  tji 


♦  In  the  former  part  of  rhe  ltd  letter  ^ 
two  material  errors  of  the  prefk«  Iff  thoCe 
places  rhyme  is  ufed  for  rhythm.  Rhyme  is 
rather  a  pirticuUr  fpecies  of  rhythnu  By 
Jl'nvTHM,  I  meant  mtajurfd  motiomf  in  gene- 
ral, in  the  fenfe  ufed  by  Ariftotlc;  which 
will  apply  to  mufic  and  dancing,  as  well  as 
poetry:  and  to  any  fpecies  of  poetry  meafured 
Into  particular  xnctros:  rhythm  applies  to 
MlltDn's  verfe,  as  well  as  to  Pope's.  The_wosd 
rhymtr  is  afterwards  ufcd  io  ^ts'comno^  ac> 
ceptation. 

■    r« 


.Mr.  Dytr  on  Englifi  Vtrjijicaitin. 


26£. 


arc 
for 
the 


poet  has  allowed  Iilmfelf,  is  in  the  £dUow- 

10g>  llRCS : 

Th*applau£e  of  liiV'ningfenates  to  command. 
The  threats  of  pain  and  ruin  to  dcfpire. 
To  fcattcr  plenty  o'ci  a  fiiniljng  land. 
And  read  their  hiltory  in  ii  nation's  ryei, 

Ibtir  kt  fark^  : 

Our  EnglUh  writers  (eem,  in  this  re- 
fpr^,  (9  have  imiuted  the  precifion  of 
Ovid,  who  ntver  indulges  himfelf  in 
neater  libej^ties  than  Gray :  though  the 
Gxtcks,  from  whom  the  Elegiac  incafure 
is  borrowed,  frequently  fuffered  the  lad 
fyllahle  of  the  Pentametie  to  i*un  into  the 
uiext  line ;  of  which  we  have  examples  in 
the  exqui^te  verfes  of  Tyrtaeus,  «-i^t  t>»^ 

and  **  Solo/i"j  SatUaceji^'  ex, 

E&wr  y  ia%Kav  twto  iroAs}iTi^  vcun  ti  ^isfjMi 
Ori<  M^  iioQa^  u  v^fiAxi^ij^  f^TC^ 

I  have  faid>  that  thefe  meafures 
more  generally  nfcd  in  the  elegy  t 
forae  writers,  I  am  aware,  (horteii 
Elegiac  meafure,  as  in  the  •'  LtnjeEhgiss;^^ 
notliing  elfe,  however,  need  be  faid  on 
this  meafure. 

We  come  next  to  confider  the  Ode  j  of 
which  there  are  various  kinds  :  as, 

The  Pindaric^  fo  called  from  Pindar, 
the  celebrated  Theban  poet.  Whether 
Pindar  was  the  original  inventor  of  this 
meafure,  or  only  ufed  it  more  gene- 
rally than  other  poe'.s,  is  a  matter  of 
fmjQl  confequence.  ^He  ancient  He- 
brew poets  i\ing  feveral  of  their  facred 
odes  with,  alternate  choruflTes,  accom- 
panied with  raufic,  of  which  fonie  ex- 
amples remain:  in  conformity  to  thelc, 
the  am^ufo^  VfAtuhat  or  rejponfiria 
among  ttie  primitive  Chrillians  were 
formed ;  as  to  the  latter  the  chaunting  of 
cathedral  worship.  This  h:\s  been  no- 
ticed by  Bifliop  Lowthi  but  no  example 
produced  by  that  elegant  writer  of  the 
ancient  Hebrew  poetry  rci'embles  the  Pin- 
daric *j  though  the  contrary  has  been 
aflerted  by  foroe  authors. 

The  Pindaric  ode  was.  formed  in  rtfer- 
eoce  to  the  heavenly  fpheres,  and  cpniided 
of  three  ftapzas^  called  a  Strophe,  an  An- 
^iftrophe,  and  Epode :  in  the  Ihophe  the 
dancers  moved  from  right  to  left  ^  iu  the 
antiftrophe  from  Isft  to  right;  in  the 
epode  they  flood  ftill :  for  the  ftrophe  and 
antiftrophe  were  accompanied  with  danc- 
ing j  all  the  ilanzas  were  accompanied 
with  muficj  and  the  antiftrophe  coire- 


•  Vid.     f'  Lni':b 
fyji"    Lib.xxiv. 


Jc  S^:r^    Hfbrarrntfi 


ibonded  in  tiie  length  of  its  ry)]a}>te«  to 
the  ftroj)he;  and  the  epode  oi  the  ^^ 
fyftem  of  ftanzas  to  the  epode  of  the  fecdnj 
lyftera*  :  "  Gray's  "f^'efs  of  Poetry;''  if 
an  example  of  a  complete  Pindaric. 

In  the  former  letter,  the  impropriety  of 
calling  certain  irregular  odes  pindaric 
was  hinted  at ;  fuch,  for  example,  at 
Cowley*^ :  this  Impropriety  has  been  no- 
ti»  ed  likewife  by  Mr.  \yclt,  the  elegant 
tranflator  of  feme  of  Pindar's  odes,  and 
by  other  writers.  This  obfervation, 
however,  means  to  cenfure  the  appeUaticm, 
not  the  meafure.  The  ancient  lyric  wri- 
ters, in  their  Scholia,  Paeans,  and  E>ithy- 
rambics,  ufed  an  irregular  and  uncertaio 
mea(biY :  and,  it  leems  to  be  in  reference 
to  dithyrambics,  properly  fo  oalled,  thi 
Horace  fpeaks  oi  the  irregularity  of  Pi»- 
dar's  verfe,  for  other  odes  beHdes  thofr 
that  have  come  down  to  us,  were  writ-tea 
by  Pindar  f.  The  fine  Pasan  of  Aii- 
phron  is  an  example  of  the  irregular  iBea*> 
fure>  beginning,  *  • 

and  the  much  admired  ode  of  AriftotlCf 

Tivu  C^oTftft;,  &c. 
Of  the  fame  charafter  al(b  were  the  a^* 
cicni  Hyporcbemata^ 

There  is  an  irregular  kind  of  yerie,  ia> 
deetl,  well  adapted  to  occafions  of  grief 
and  melancholy,  in  which  the  artifice  of 
ftrophe,  antiftrophe,  and  epode,  would 
be  improper;  luch  is  the  Monody« 
Milton's  Lycidas,  Lord  Lytttelon's  Mo- 
nody on  tl>e  Death  of  his  Lady,  and  Cole- 
ridge's Monody  on  the  death  of  Chattei*- 
toii,  are  odes  of  this  chara>5ier.  The 
ti-ue  pindaric  odes,  on  the  contrary^  waic 
more  immediately  adapted  to  occafion«  of 
vi6torj  and  triumph;  hence  called  B«t» 

Collinses  admirable  ««  OJe  on  tbi  Paf^ 
Jions;"  is  an  in'egular  ode  of  this  kind : 
-—Particular  rules  are  not  to  be  laid<lowii 
for  ftich  odes :  the  writer's  own  feelings 
and  a  coriT6t  ear  are  his  beft  guide«  ||. 

«■  ■.■■■...■  ■  ..  ■  ■-_■  *^ 

•  <«  ffcfl't  Preface  to  hit  Tratjlatm  ofjo^i 
of  PinJar^i  Odes" 

\  Laurta  donandus  Apolllnari 

Stu  per  audacfs  nuva  'D:tiyan:hoi    ' 
Verba  dc vol V it,  numcrhq  fertur 

Lege  folutis, 
&«Dco?,  ^r.         Hsrat.Od.  L.iv.  ii. 
J  **  JulH  Scal'ig,  Poet.     Lib.  i.  cap.  xlir- 
xlv. 

II  It  may  be  proper  to  hint,  tb^t  the  intro- 
dyitory  ode    to  the  <<  Mfnunj  Mfigwint, 


Mr.  Dyr  m  EngUJb  Virfificatim. 


Hw  Sspphie  (fo  called  from  the 
^mniiig  Lefliian  poetefs,  Sappho,)  our 
bnpnge  with  great  difficulty  admitSy 
wbA  %wofd%  rtrf  few  examples  of:  this 
difficulty  the  tranflator  of  a  fine  ode  of 
Sappho  was  well  aware  of,  and  threw  it 
iDftD  a  diffiercnt  meafure, 

lUifur  omif  DTK  HftTM*  Te» 

Bleft  at  th*  iroOBortal  Gods  is  be 
The  youth  who  fondly  fits  by  thee, 
"Who  hears  and  fees  thee  all  the  while. 
Softly  ipcak,  and  fweetly  fmile. 

The  Anacreontic  meafure  (fo  called 
jfrom  the  amorous  and  convivial  hard  of 
Teot)  admits  of  a  few  varieties  of  mea- 
Ibrei  at  Aaacrcon  himfelf  ufed  it,  and 
does  not  confine  ttielf  to  the  votaries  of 
Bacchus  and  Venus.  The  moft  ufual 
mmlim  with  Anacrcon  is  the  flioit  lam- 
Imc  wanting  one  fyllabk  (called  by  the 
critics,  Pimiter  Iambic  Cataltdic),  ex. 
iMI.14. 

I  will  I  ISve,  nftft  I  Ihre  tVie,  |  fair. 

Another  meafure  frequently  ufed  by 
Anacreon  is  the  fame  meafure,  varied 
only  by  an  anapeft,  that  is,  a  foot  with 
the  two  firft  (hort,  the  laft  long,  in  the 
fifftplacet  ex. 

llitfOfOK  I  TMK  I  vefttf  I^K,     Od.iii. 
/In  thS  grl^e  I  dirk  mid  j  night  hoQrs. 1 1. 
There  are  a  few  fomewhat  different  from 
thefe,  and  which  have  even  varieties  in  the 
.  fimoe  ode;  as  in  that  pretty  ode  (^ode  v.) 
to  the  Rose.    The  Anacreontic,  how- 
ever, in  Englifh^  does  not  bind  itfelf  to 
the  cxaA  quantity  of  Anacreon*s  odes. 
The  following  lines  of  Waller*t  may  be 
called  Anacreontic,  though  the  oppofite 
io  an  Iambic  verfe,  viz.  a  Trochaic. 
Phytlli,  why  fliotfld  wgdClay 
PlcinSret  flidrtSr  thin  th«  day ; 
CAild  wS  (thottgh  w«  eivir  can) 
Stretch  our  Iivei  beyond  M  plin. 

/yW/«r*«  Poem. 
The  following  pivtty  fong  is  alfo  con* 
idend  as  anacreontic, 

Bnfy,  curious,  thirftyfly. 
Drink  with  me,  and  drink  as  I, 
Freely  welcome  t*  my  cup, 
Couldft  thou  drink,  and  drink  it  up. 

And  Dr.  }ohnfon*s  tranflation  of  Ana- 
ereonY  ninth  ode : 


is  not  ^trcfcr  TinJaric,  though  fo  called,  in 
•MJVfmtt)'  to  others. 


LSvelJF  I  coarilr  |  9iM  \  ikf , 
Whence,  Snd  |  whith&  |  d«ft  cbSa  fiy  > 

The  following  jufUy  admired  ibng  is 
more  agreeable  to  the  Anacreontic  mea- 
fure (as  are  feveral  of  our  popuUr  coovi. 
vial  longs) ;  at  leaft  they  are  Iambics. 

YSu  gen  |  tlemin  |  5f  Eng  |  land, 

ThJit  live  I  at  hdme  |  it  ciie, 

Ah  !  lit    tlido  I  yott  think  |  Sp5n 

Th2din|gers8t|thlfcis. 

With  refpefl  to  die  ode,  it  admits  of 
ahnoft  endlefs  varieties  in  theSngliflt  lan- 
guage, as  well  as  in  the  Greek  and  Latin, 
and  It  would  be  unnecefiary  even  to  men- 
tion them  individually;  thie  roeafuTcs,  m- 
deed,  are  as  varied  as  are  thofe  of  Horace, 
who,  of  all  ancient  writers,  has  the  great- 
eft  variety ;  and  wfaofe  conre^efs,  ek. 
Ece,  and  appropriate  ufe  of  cjHtliets, 
I  curirfafeUcHas)  have  made  him  con- 
red  almoft  as  a  model  for  the  odes  of 
ihorter  meafure. 

One  general  obfervation  it  may  be  pro- 
per  to  make  here,  that  odes  coiuiftii^  of 
ftanxas,  or  verfes,  have  a  natural  clofe  it 
the  end  of  each  verfe ;  fo  that  the  fyllabk 
of  the  laft  line  does  not  run  into  the  Tub- 
iequent  Ttrit.  Waller,  who  was  among 
the  firft  of  our  Englifh  poets,  who  ftudied 
correal  veriiSfication,  and  v^fe  fonevu 
the  fmaller  ode,  affords  not  a  fingle  or- 
■ample  to  the  contrary.  I  mention  thit, 
becaufe  fome  modem  poets  have  been  kfs 
fcrupulous  in  this  refpe6l,  though,  I 
think,  with  a  very  unhappy  eflfeA.  Priori 
if  I  recoUcft  right,  never  deviates  from 
this  pra£lice ;  Cowley  a  veiy  few  tiroes. 

Tne  Greek  and  Roman  poets,  however, 
did  not  confine  themielveii  to  fucb  (irict- 
nefs,  as  may  be  feen  in  the  diftereut  mei- 
fures  of  Horace:  ex. 

Qui  nunc  te  fruitur  credulus  aorca, 
Qui  femper  vacuam,  femper  amabilea 
Sperac,  nefciusaurc 
Fallacli!  miferi;  quibus 
Intentata  nites,  &c. 

A  fpecies  of  ode,  of  which  mentiGnlBi 
already  been  made,  whtnunot  dividing  it- 
felf into  ftanzas,  adapts  itfelf  very  agree- 
ably to  defcriptive  poetry ;  and  when  thus 
ditmed,  admits  or  a  little  dhrerfity  d 
meafure.     Of  this  number  are  Mr.  wal- 
ler'^ fine  ode  to  Vandyke,  and  thofc  tiro 
excellent  defcriptive  odes  by  Mr.J.Dnti 
and    Mr.    Thomas    Wharton,  entidE^ 
"  Gnuzar  Htlir  and  "  The  Fir/^J^" 
**  Mindful  of  diCbrdcr  (iaft» 
And  trembling  at  the  northern  \Mi 
The  Heety  ftorm  returfilflgflSll, 
The  morning  hoar,  ths  cvcaiBg  chSU ' 


Mr.  Dyer  tn  Englijb  Ferfijieatioit. 


4S3 


RcIuQant  comes  the  timid  fpring. 
Scarce  a  bee  with  airy  wing,  &c. 

Tie  FUfi  QfApt'ih 
In  this  and  the  other  two  odes,  there 
is  a  conftant  v:irying  from  a  line  of  eight 
iyllables  \o  feven  \  trom  an  Iambic  to  a 
Trochee. 

Some  of  Anacreon's  defcriptivc  odes, 
alfo,  are  diftingulfhed  by  fome  irregula- 
rity of  meafure,  particularly  his  4th  and 
37th. 

There  is  a  fnnaller  fpecies  of  ver(e,  of 
▼cry  artificial  conftrufti^,  which,  merely 
for  the  fake  of  concifenefs,  I  take  the 
liberty  of  ranking  among  odes,  though 
the  generality  of  critics  will  think  im- 
properly, I  mean  the  fonnet; 

The  meafure  is  of  Italian  origin,  and 
was  firft  ;  introduced  into  England    by« 
Milton  J '  whofe  fonnets, .  however,  with 
two  or  three  exceptions,  are  but  indiffer- 
ent. 

In  the  funnels  of  Petrarch  and  Metaf- 
tafio,  confilting  of  fourteen  lines,  the 
feme  rcgulai'ly  clofes  twice  In  the  courle  of 
the  eight  firil  lines ;  fo  that  they  might 
compofetwo  regular  ftanzas  of  four  lines. 
Thijf  is  true  of  every  fonnet  of  thefc 
writers  that  I  have  examined.  I  mention 
this  circumftance  the  rather,  becaufe 
many  modem  writers  of  fonnets  have  de- 
parted from  the  Italian  practice.  It  may 
be  raid,  and,  I  think,  with  reaibn,  that 
the  flow  of  many  of  thefc  verfea,  much 
refembling  that  of  blank  vcrfe,  is  adapted 
tothequeniloufnefs  of  language,  the  melt- 
ings and  varyings  of  thofc  fenfibilities, 
which  the  fonnet  wifhes  frequently  to  ex- 
prefs  {  and  that  the  ftri^lnefs  of  the  laws 
tor  the  fonnet,  in  other  refpefls,  juftifies 
the  poet^s  liberty  in  tliii»  particular  in- 
ftance. 

The  following  hints,  though  more  im- 
mediately applicable  to  odes,  will,  many 
of  them,  apply  to  all  other  fpecies  of  ver- 
ification. 

The  fbftnefs  and  melody  of  verfc  'are 
coniiderably  afiifted  by  the  ufe  of  lic^uids: 
for  example. 

The  laughing  flowVs,  that  round  them  blow, 
Drink  lite  and  fragrance  as  they  flow.       Ct  ay» 

— Tu  Tityrc  lentous  in  umbra, 
Forffloraxn  rcfonare  4occs  AmarylUda  iylvas. 

Alliteration,  bran  artful  repetition  of 
the  fiune  letter,  was  agreeable  to  the  ge<- 
Bcral  prad^cr  of  the  Saxon  poets,  and  wab 
afterwards  adi^tftd  by  the  £ng[li(h  and 
Scotiih^.     It  aft^HFards  gave  place  to 

"  ■  >        »  ■■  I  urn'  m  II.. 

ht  taup  Ballaih:*     Vol.  i. 

MgNTfl.MACi  No»3tzx, 


rhyme,  and  is  now,  generally,  underftood 

to  favour  of  conceit : 

Of  all  the  keene  conquerors  to  carp  It  were 

kind. 
Of  fell  fighting  folk  a  fcrly  we  find  ♦. 

Poets,  however,  occafiorially  fall  into 
them,  and  inftances  occur,    when  they 
have  a  pleafmg  effect : 
•  Et  foU  in  ficca  fecum  fpatiatur arena,      yir^* 

The  (lately  tread,  and  folrtarinefs  of 
the  raven  feem  well  expreffed  here. 

Double  rhymes  are  rarely  admitted  by 
correal  verfifiers.  In  the  following  chafte 
ftanza,  however,it  has  no  unpleafmg  effect  s 

Oh.!  that  the  chemift's  magic  art 

Would  cryftalliie  this  facred  treafure; 

I..ong  fhould  it  glitter  near  my  heart, 

A  lecreC  fourcc  of  penfive  pleafurc. 

Mr,  Ragers^s  Vcrffi  on  a  Tcar» 

Generally  fpeaking,  it  may  be  faid,  that 
the  verfc  requires  molt  ftrcngth  at  the  end. 
The  rule  with  Greek  and  I^tni  writer«| 
is,  to  clofe  with  a  Spondee,  two  krrig  fyl- 
lables:  the  laft  fv liable  at  Icaft  is  confidered 
long,  as  being  tne  doling  line  of  the  verfe» 
though  by  nature  it  fhould  happen  to  be 
fhort : — a  verfe  ending  with  a  fupcmume . 
rary  fyllable,  with  a  vowel,  i*  no  except 
tion  to  this  rule ;  the  fupeimumerary  fylla- 
ble goine  on  to  the  next  verfe,  which 
always  begins,  in  that  cafe,  with  a 
vowel. 
Quern  non  incufavi  amcns  hominumqae  deo* 

rumfve 
.^^fquem,  &c.  Firgif. 

Verfes  that  end  with  a  daftyl  carry  the 
appearance  of  negligence,  are  very  rarely 
admitted  by  very  corre6t  verfifiers,  and, 
when  admitted,  generally  damage  the 
verfe :  ex. 
«  As  oft  the  learnM  by  being  f  SngiiUSr.** 

Pcfe. 

As  verfe  is  confiderably  zffiktd  by  va- 
riety in  its  paufcs,  it  will  be  damaged  by 
the  ufe  of  low,  feeble  woids,  more  paiti* 
cularly  when  the  accent  is  niade  to  iall  oa 
them  8 

While  expletives  their  feeble  aid  do  join. 
And  ten  low  words  oft  creep  In  one  dull  line. 

Inftances,  however,  occur,  where  mo- 
nofyllabiclixjesare  heautifuli  particularly 
in  blank  verfe, 

I  fay  nothing  concerning  theiludlbra- 
ftic  or.  Travcft^ :  they  fet  all  the  laws  of 

1 : — 

•  See  ««  Tournamtrt  of  Totunbam,  m  Ptrtfi 
CbUfBlon'  ofBinnjb  Balhdt :  and  Pkreo  Fhxv 

M  m  melody 


264 


Mr,  Dyer  on  Englijh  Verfificatlom 


melody  at. defiance. — I  clofe  with  a  few 
obfervations  on  the  heroic  blank  vcrfc. 

Milton,  the  jEcrcat  mafter  of  blank 
verfe,  obfcrves  ofi-hyme,  •*  that  it  is  the 
invention  of  a  barbarous-  age,  to  fet  off 
wretched  matter,  and  lame  meter/'— 
Milton  alludes  to  the  monkifh  doggrels>  ■ 
as 

Die  ille,  dies  irse, 
Sol  vet  fseclum  in  fjvUla, 
-Tcftc  Deo,  ct  Sibylla. 

^  .It  IS,  however,  by  no  means  true,  that 
rhyme  was  the  mere  ifiventicn  o(  tht  dark 
ages.  Sir  William  Jones  has  {heivn,that 
it  was  generally  ulcd  by  the  Ai-abian 
poets.  Ut  neqiieam  mihi  ferfuaJcre^  quin 
metna  etiam  Uebr^a  Arabids  fuerifil  jjw- 
milia^  nifiquod  Arabum  'ver/tctdi  fimuiter 
defmanty  *veterum  Hebro'orum,  mn  item  *. 
It  was  aifo  praflifed  by  other  nations: 
the  ancient  Saturnine  verfes  were  rhymes. 
.  Blank  verfe  is  admirably  adapted  to 
ezprefs  ftrong  conceptions,  energy  of 
pfafiion,  and,  even  when  pyoperly  con- 
ftru£led,  melodiouihefs  of  numbers ;  Mil- 
ton, in  Ibme  parts  of  his  "  ParadifiLoJly^ 
is  luperior  to  anv  of  our  poets  in  melody. 
The  principal  excellence  of  blank  verfe, 
«onfifts  in  its  capability  of  varying  the 
paufes  with  greater  cafe,  than  rhyme  r,  it 
js»  therefore,  lefs  monotonous :  ex.         » 

"No  more  of  t.ilk  with  Go  i,  orangcl  gucft 
With  man,  a*  with  hi-  friend,  f.»miliir  uf'd 
To  fit  indulgent,  and  with  him  partake 
Rural  rcpatt,  permitting  him  the  while 
Venial  dilcourfc  unblam'd. 

Paradlj<  Left. 

The  following  lines,  though  deftitutc 
of  rhyme,  are  too  monotonous  for  blank 
verfe. 

And  fee  where  furly  winter  pttffcs  off 
Far  tothe  north,  a.nd  calls  hi^  ruffian  blufts : 
His  blafts  obey,  and  quit  the  howling  hiU, 
The  (h«ttcr*d  forcft,  and  the  ravdg'd  vale: 
While  fofter  gales  fuccccd,    at  whoTc  kind 

Couch, 
Diflblv'mg  fnows  in  Hvid  torrents  loft. 
The  mmintaim  lift, thor  green  bends  to  the 

iklci.  Ihonij'on"  s  Seajottu 

Thefe  lines  read  like  dope's  r  they  have 
not  the  ftatdinefs  of  blank  verfe,  though 
the  defcription  is  exquifite.  With  re- 
ipeft  to  rhyme,  it  has  been  before  ob- 
ferved,  that  k  h«  naturally  a  patife  af 
the  end  of  each  line;  the  clofing^  line  d( 
the  rhyme  not  ohiy  requires  a  paiiie,  but 
a  ftop .  The  contrary  of  this  iff  tni^  with 
fefp<»£t  to  blank  verfe »  hiore-tbe  vwfc*  ar* 

f  "  'F9ej\  jyiau  CcmmcnU^^Vxrt,  li.'ca^.  X 


not  only  permitted,  but  required  to  an 
^quently  into  one  anotlier. 

Tii  pad  »   the  fultry  tyr»nt  of  the  fcqth 
Ha»  fpcnt  lys  ihort-livM  ragt :  more  gr*tcfjl 

hours 
Move  filent  on. 

J^ts,  Barhauli'i  Summer  E'vernng  Mrditcr'rr. 

Some  people  fecm  to  think,  that  all  re- 
quired of  blank  verfe  is,  that  it  (hould  \a 
meafured  into  ten  fyllables,  or  five  ftct^ 
and  free  from  rhyme.  This  is  a  great 
miiUke. 

The  following  lines  have  their  proper 
number  of  fyllables,  but  are  wrctihed 
verfe, 

Dcleftjble  both  to  behold  andtaf^e. 
For  he  who  tempts,  though  in  vain  afrerfc-. 
Patad\J€  Lofty  b.  Ix. 

T^e{c  lines  are  deffitute  of  harmonyr 
and  have  wrong  quantifies. 

The  following  line  is  accented  wronij, 
that  fyllable  being  acuted,    that  (hould 
be  graved. 
H:*  words  here  ended,  but  his  meek  afped. 

TttjStZi. 

Milton's  vcrfie  is  fonutimes  defective 
and  pFofaic^ 

The  double  ending  blank  veiie  is  rare- 
ly (though  it  is  foroetimes)  admitted  by 
the  beft  writers  of  blank  verfe  5  except, 
indeed,  in  theatrical  performances;  it  is 
well  adapted  to  the  familiarity  of  the 
ftage,  and  is  perpetually  ufeti  by  Siiai- 
fpear : 

To  be  OT  not  to  he,  that  is  the  ^u^tor.. 
Whether  'tis  nobler  in  the  mind  to  frnftr 
The  itings  and  arrows  of  outrageous j^r;<«, 
Or  to  take  arms  againft  a  fea  of  trauUc. 

Milton  occafioiuily  ul^s  the  double 
ending  line.  But  that  fine  poet,  and  ad- 
mirable verfifier,  Akenfide,  never. 

From  what  has  been  faid;  it  will  b^ 
eafy  to  undcrlbnd  why  the  blank  vm/. 
of  Shackfpear,  Milton,  his  in&itator,  Phi- 
lips, and  Akenfide  are  bette/  models  icr 
blank  verfe,  tha»Addi(bn,  Young,  as  J 
Thomfon.  The  blank  verfe  of  Mr. 
Southey's  Joan  of  Arc,  is  veiy  happy 
with  refpecl  to  varying  the  panfe*,  asi 
with  fo«ic  eieceptions,  is  very  harrooxnotH:. 

To  the  liA  of  publications  on  Engliih 
verfe  already  recomteendedf  I  think  it  un- 
ne'cefTary  to  fubjoin  more  than  one,  psr- 
ttc\ilariy  as  folne  valuablp  books  have 
been  recommended  by  your  com^ndent 
I.  3r.  The  book  I  allude  t^iii  ihfri 
andfi<vnd  booh  op*  Prnn^A^  Ufir  »«^- 
Intedy  the  "  Ortgatfil  Sjfitm  kf  Ofib^s- 
phy  reftoredr  «  The  FvmSu4*m  <^- 
ti&ti and  exiMdfd^"^  w|Ui  tiiii  vftri:>Ht 


tncredibility  of  Plata's  Atlantic  Hlftory. 


a6s 


RtaJisgs  and  Notcsy  chiefly  RhytbmkaL 
By  CAP£t  LOFFT.  Thilc  publications 
iliulirate  by  fa&s,  not  by  argumentSs  the 
nkxhanical  paits  of  Milton's  blank  verfe. 
I  lament,  chat  the  whole  of  this  work  has 
iiot  been  publiihed ;  particularly  as  the 
leamtd  editor  fays,  in  his  preface,  '*  that 
the  copy  from  which  thefe  two  books  are 
printed,  has  be^n  revifed  and  corre^led, 
on  the  fanie  plan,  to  the  beginning  of  the 

It  is  not  intended  by  tdefe  hints,  to 
enfeeble  the  conception,  or  to  retard  the 
operations  of  genius:  and,  I  hope,  what 
lias  been  faid,  can  olfcnd  none  but  fuch 
as  hold  the  doftrine  -ofplifiny  infpirat  jon 
in  poetry :  but,  even  fuch  mould  recoi- 
led, that  thofe  poets,  who  were  inip!rod  by 
Apollo,  and  the  nine  Mufes,  w^re  of  all 
fcople  in  the  world  moft  fimple,  and  moil 
ioivciX ;  that  the  lyduo'iartxoy  vado; ,  was 
h'llowed  by  the  Rm/e  labor ;  the  enthufi- 
afm  of  poetic  feeling  by  the  labour  of  the 
file. 


•  Alterius  fie 


Altera  ptfcit  opem  res  ct  conjurat  atnioe. 

■  TJius  each  of  each 

AiuQance  aflcs,  and  mutually  conipires 
'i  0  mike  the  work  complete. 

Jlordcit  Art  of  Poetry. 

Thefe  hints,  beine  part  of  a  poetical 
v'orjc'  on  a  larger  fcale,  are  fubmitted  to 
the  confideration  of  your  correfpondent, 
L.  I  (hall  be  happy,  if  they  are  found 
uieful  to  him,  and  I  ihall  be  as  happy  to 
be  fct  right,  if  to  any  of  your  intelligent 
correipondcnts,  I  feem  to  be  miftaken. 

I  am^  $CQ.  O.  Dyer. 


To  ike  E(Sior  of  the  Mcnikly  Magajdnt. 

SIR, 

I  Can  by.  no  means  agree  with  Mr. 
Taylor  in  the  aflertion  which  he 
n;ik.e»,  in  your  laft  fupplement,  with  re- 
gard to  the  Atlantic  hiltoiy  of  Plato,  that 
"  it  is  at  k-aft  as  well  attcfted  as  any 
otkcr  narration,  in  any  Greek  or  Roman 
luilorian-'*' 

LiLt  us  lee  what  ai-e  th«  teftimonies  in 
favour  of  this  extraonlinary  accomit  of 
an  ifland,  and  of  apeopje,  which  are  faid 
to  h'4ve  exifted  nine  thoufand  years  before 
Monj  but- which,  although  it  thus  cor« 
tftidi<:^$  the  beft  ajid  moit  generally  re- 
I  ividfyllemit.  of  chronology,  is  at  leaft, 
we  are  tol^  by  Mr.-  T.  as  much  deferring 
ot  bejfef,  ^s.any  of  the"  hillorians  of  the 
ijr'rks^or  Roi«ah«. ' 

SolrttK  r«btes:thk  weiK^effl)!  ftory  to  bit 
ff^tfid -Il^opis  (who  by  the  bye  was  a 


poet)  ;  he  tells  it  to  his  Ton  Critlas,  who 
again,  at  the  age  of  ninety  tells  it  to  hi* 
grandloQ  Crkias,  who  was  then  a  boy  of 
ten  years  old.  Add  to  this,  the  original 
I'.urceof  the  whole  hiftory  was  an  Egyp" 
tian  priejl,  who  related  it  to  Solon.  Such 
is  the  foundation  onwhich  the  authenticity 
of  Plato's  Atlantic  hiftory  is  built ;  to 
prove  the  weaknefs  of  which,  and  how 
Uttle  it  can  be  relied  on,  littk  need  be 
faid,.  for  the  account  fpeaks  for  itfelf.  Is 
it  probaSlc  that  a  boy,  at  the  tender  age 
of  ten  ^eai  s  old,  /hould  be  able  to  recol- 
iefl,  with  the  precifion  with  which  it  ia 
related,  all  the  circumftances  which  Plato 
mentions  ?  But  even  fuppofing  tliis,  and, 
what  is  net  very  often  the  cale,  that  the 
ftory  was  neither  inci-eafcd  or  diroini/hed 
in  its  progrefs  from  Solon  to  Critias,  yet 
ft  ill  the  original  relator  of  the  whole  was 
an  Ef^ptian  Prieft,  The  extravagant  an^l 
wild  notions  which  the  Egyptians  had 
concerning  the  age  of  the  world,  and  of 
the  vaft  antiquity  of  nations,  are  well 
known  3  it  is  unneceflary,  therefore,  to 
fay  any  thing  concerning  them;  but  I 
would  refer  any  of  your  readers,  who 
wi(h  to  fee  this  fubjcft  diicuflcd,  to  Mr. 
MAURicE's  ^'  Hiftory  tfHindaftan^'  and 
lijs  **  Indian  Antiqidttesi''  in  which  he 
has  ably  confuted  and  explained  the  claims 
of  both  tho  Egyptians  and  the  Indians  to 
fuch  Vaft  and  fabulous  antiquity. 

'  Csn  wc  then  pretend  to  compare  the 
Atlantic  hiftory  of  Plato  with  thofe  of  the 
Greeks  and  Romans  >  Can  it  be  confi- 
dered  equally  delerving  of  credit  with  the 
narrations  of  Thucydides  and  Herodo- 
tus, of  Tacitus  and  Livy  ?  Surely*Mr. 
T*  on  confidcring  the  matter,  will  not 
pretend  to  defend  what  he  has  fo  rafhly 
aifcrted.  Of  the  internal  evidence  in  fa- 
vour «f  the  ti*uth  of  the  hiftory  in  queftion, 
I  will  only  fav,  that  it  fcarcely  ec^uals  that 
of  the  ^^  Arabian  NJgbt^j  Entertainments,"'* 
1  am,  &c.       A.  Q^Q;^L. 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Montbfy  Magazine. 

SIR, 

DECLAMATIONS    ujpon  the  na- 
tional debt,  and  projeas-  for  paying -^ 
it  off,  have  been  fo  fr«<^ueut  with  writers 
of  every  defcription,  fr^wn  the  minifter. 
of  ftate,  to  the  inhabitant  of  a  garret, 
U^t   readers  of  any   political  acumen^  • 
muft,  by  this  time,  be  in  tolerable  pof- 
felDon  ot  the  inbjea.     It  is  certain,  that 
many,  who.  canaot  pay  their  own  dcbts», 
have  a  peculiar  facility  in  paying  thofe 
pfothej*s:  and,  while  their  private  con- 
cerns are  ia^  a  ruinous,  and  embarraifed 
ftate,  tlirough  inattention,  or  indolence. 
Mm  a  we 


2^6 


Reply  to  BiJhfopWatJon  on  the  National  DAt. 


^  find  them  generally  facrificing  their 
time  and  labour,  to  remedy  the  embar- 
rafTnic^tj   of  the  public.      Permit    me, 
however,  though  neither  fpendthrift,  nor 
projeftor,  to  offer,  through  the  channel 
of  your  mifcellany,  a  few  obfervations 
upon  this  fubjeft. — Bifliop  Watson,  in 
his  late  "  AdJrefs  to  the  People^  of  Great- 
Bntain,'*'*  jrcms  to  be  of  opinion,   that 
the  national  debt  may,  by  a  great  exer- 
tion, be  paid  off,  and  pretty  cx|>editiouflv 
too.     As  there  are  few  writers  who  think 
more  juftly,  or  cxprefs  themfelves  more 
clearly  upon  moft  fubjefts,  than  the  Bi- 
ifiop  i  fo  there  are  few,  to  whom  the  pub- 
lic are  more  indebted  for  many  valuable 
publications.     It  is,  therefore,  with  feme 
diffidence,    I  venture  to  diffent  from  (b 
rerpe6lable  an  authority :  but  fo  far  am 
I  from  thinking  with  his  lordfhip,  that 
it  would  Iiavc  been  wife  in  the  miniiier, 
''  inilead  of  calling  for  a  tenth  of  a  man^s 
income,  to  call  tor  a  tenth,  or  fuch  other 
portion  of  ever)'  man's  whole  property,  as 
would  have  enabled  him,  not  merely  to 
make  a  temporary  provifion  for  the  war, 
but  to  have  paid  off,  in  a  few  years,  the 
*ivholi^  or  the  greateft  part  of  the  national 
debt;"    that,    in  truth,    I  much  doubt 
whether  the  thing  be  even  prafticablc. 
Could  the  fchemc  be  put  in  execution,  I 
perfectly  agree  with  Dr.  Watson,  that 
ir  would-  be  a  great  and  noble  plan,  well 
worthy  the  Briiilh  charaftcr,  on  fo  trying 
an  occafion  as  the  'prcfent ;  but  th^  liaui- 
dation  of  the  national  debt  is  an  objeftof 
^rcat  magnitude}     and,  if  it  be  at  all 
feafible,  muft  be  a  work  of  gradual  and 
tedious  operation  ;  by  no  means  fitted  to 
the  imme<liate  exigency,  which  demands 
pfompt  and  decilive  meafures.     Patience, 
tranouillity,  andextenfive  comrtei*ce,may 
enable  us  to  do  much  in  this  way,  at  fonie 
^  future  period  j  bur,  under  the  prevailing 
fyflem  of  things,  beforc.we  can  i)i  Ing  men 
to  make  fuch  a  facrifice  to  poifcrity,    as 
this   objeft  would  rcquli-e;   or  to  ibrego 
prefcnt  advantage,  for  future  diitant  good, 
yrt  muft,  I  fear,  regenerate  them,  by  the 
'  introduction  of  new  habits,  and  ntw  paf- 
fion^.     Debts  njion  a  country  have  often 
b^en   compared  to   mortgages  upon  an 
f  (late  :  yet  there  is,  I  think,  a  confid^ra- 
blc  difference  between  them.     VVHen  an 
«:lWite  is  roortgagjed,  even  admitting  that 
the  intereft  of  the  mortgacc  amounts  to 
nearly  the  income  of  the  eftate,  the  pro-' 
prifcfor^  by  a'  rigid  fyftem  of  ceconomy, 
may,  in  time,  hope  to  liquidate*  the  debt. 
But  thisoBconomy^  which  is  fo-  ftrviceable 
to'die'individual,  is  often  injurious  fo  the 
ftates  for  wc  muilbearin  mind  the  idesj  ' 


that  though  the  fee>fmple  of  the  laid 
ftands  pledged  for  the  pavment«f  the  pub* 
lie  debts,  yet  a  confiderable  poitionot  our 
ability  to  meet  the  difficulty  is  deriTed 
from  commerce ;  and  commerce,  and  great 
ceconomy,  are  incompatible  ideas.  So  far 
as  relates  to  the  governing  partof  thefb^e, 
ceconomy  is  certainly  as  nccelTary  in  ibc 
various  departments  of  it,  to  guanJ  tlie 
whole  body  politic  againft  embarraiTniatf 
as  it  is  neceffary  in  the  mafter  of  a  family 
to  guard  the  indiridtial  membcn  of  it 
from  d  i  rtrefs .  But  i  f  we  confider  th«  ihic 
as  one  whole,  of  which  the  yariouscom- 
ponent  parts  ihoold  contribute  feYerally 
to  the  general  welfare,  then  fuch  a  ddig- 
nation  of  the  powers  of  each,  as  (hall 
.  contribute  to  form  one  beautiful,  compaft 
l^ftera  of  induftiy,  contentment,  and 
(upport,  is  neccflfary  to  the  htppinefs  of 
the  community.  And  this  confifts  in 
fuch  habits  of  life  among  the  opulent,  a* 
fliall  afford  the  largeft  portion  of  ccn:- 
mendable  employ  to  the  indigent. 

Public  debts,  when  they  become  enor- 
mous, counteract  thisreafoning.   Tbty 
may  be  compared  to  failing  bodies :  the 
greater  their  magnitude,  the  more  rapid 
their  velocity  donvmuards.     If  the  public 
were  fincerely  difpofed  to  liquidate  tie 
national  debt,  we  may  aroufe  ouribivs 
(for  it  is,  I  fear,  but  amufement)  in  ceo- 
fidering  by  what  way  they  could  rooft  fuc- 
cefsfully  fet   about  it.     It  is  plain,  tor 
rcafons  already  alledged,  that  habits  c4 
oeconomy,  and  felf- denial,  fomuchinL^<- 
td  upon,  would  not  eifc6l   thepurpoKN 
And,  if  thefc  would  not,  the  natural  quci- 
tion  then  is,  what  would  ?    If  the  na- 
tional debt  is  to  be  difcharged,  through 
what  circulating  mediiun  ftiall  we  dii- 
charge  it  ?     Not  by  the  'paper,  large  as 
it  is,  new  In  circulation;  much  Irts  by 
the  fpecie :  nor,  indeed,  by  both  united. 
And  nobody,  I  prefume,  under  th?  prc- 
fent flate  ot  affairs,   woold  wilb  to  lit 
new  p3 per  coined  for  the  piirpofe.    It, 
on  the  other  hand,  tlic  ftock-holdcrs,  a^ 
mortjrtigee?,  (hould  foreclofe,  without  lkj:i 
to  cimivatc,  markets  to  confume,  or  ex- 
perience to  guide  iheni  in  the  raanagnctnt 
of  land,  they  would  be  in  but  an  aulwa.'d 
predicament.     In  Arch  a    cafe,  we  nay 
prcfume,  that  the  ftotk-holdcrs  wouW  be 
called  upon,   as  Bifliop  Wat  SOU  juftly 
obferves,  to  bear  their  proportion  in  the 
exigcncies'of  the  ftatt:    but  after  their 
qudtas  were  ftruck  off,  thcVc  would  ftlll 
remain,  the  clergy,  officers,  navAl  andoi- 
litary,  widows,   aniniitantsy  holders  of 
life  eftatcs,   proprietors'  of  land,  with  a 
lung  ttc«tcra  of  \krb!ors.    If  thwe  » ^f 

mucl) 


Ofjuien  of  the  Jncitnti  rifpeiltng  the,  Alnn'. 


91^ 


much  diSculty  in  an  ai&ifinent  touching 
iocotse  oaly,  th^t  many  candid,  anil 
judicious  perfonsp  doubt  about  the  practi- 
cability of  the  meafure}  what  muft  the  cafe 
be  is  an  ailefTnieRt  touching  the  fee-iimple 
of  property,  in  the  lame  proportion? 
Where  all  would  be  boirowers,  and  none 
Jenders,  great  indeed  would  be  the  diffi- 
culty of  acquiring  money !  This  fubjeft 
affords  a  wide  held  of  difcuHion;  and 
many  refle£lions  fuggeft  themfelves,  which 
I  reftrain,  that  I  may  not  trasfgrcfs  the 
bounds  ufually  aligned  to  each  article  in 
your  ufeful  publication.  The  Monthly 
Magazine  hzs  an  exteniive  circulation,  and 
may  judiy  be  coniidered  as  a  work  happily 
combining  the  uitle  duld  y  fcientific,  with 
amufmg  mfbrmation.  If  my  memory  do 
not  deceive  me,  I  have  formerly  feen  a 
good  paper  or  two,  upon  this  fubje^,  in 
your  Magazine ;  and,  in  the  pi-efent  ftatc 
of  the  public  mind,  no  itiveftigation  can 
be  more  intcrefting,  than  that,  which  is 
coune^ed  with  the  national  finances; 
which,  though  impaired  by  mifmanage- 
mcnt,  are  for,  we  trutt,  from  being  ex- 
hauf^ed.  I  remain,  Sir,  your  obedient 
an-]  humble  fervant, 
Feb,  3,  1798.  Car  ACT  AC  us. 


To  the  E£tor  of  the  Montbly  Magazine, 

SIR, 

THE  perufal  of  "  rhe  Parallel  of  the 
An:'tent5  and  Moderns^''  by  M. 
Perraulf,  has  induced  me  to  collcft  the 
ftnttments  of  ancient  authors  refptfl- 
iag  the  Vioon.  It  is  aftonifliing  that, 
without  the  means  of  afcertaining  conjec- 
tures which  we  at  prefent  have,  they  have 
difcovered,  by  the  mental  eye,  whatever 
has  fince  been  prefented  to  corporeal  fight, 
through  the  medium  of  telefcopes. 

The  penetration  and  fagacity  of  the 
ancients  have  been  particularly  diflin- 
guiOied  in  their  ideais  upon  the  moon. 
The  Chaldeans  and  Egyptians,  who  af- 
fected the  imaginary  honour  of  the  mod 
extravagant  antiquity,  cultivated  the 
fcience  of  aftronomy  with  peculiai*  dili- 
gence. The  reliques  of  Chaldean  aftro- 
nomy are  extremely  few  j  and  the  refults 
of  their  ftudy  rauft  nccefl*arily  have  been 
/rn^ufx/iy  erroneous  and  indefinite;  yet  ftill 
we  find  that' the  rays  of  real  tr\ith  liave 
fometime^  beamed  through  the  dark  ob- 
fcurity  w^h  enveloped  them.  In  the 
Vranolctgionof  Pctavlus,  there  is  Ji  quo- 
tation fioom  Gemiaa,  which  indicates  that 
they  had  difc«raed  that  the  motion  of  the 
moon  W9«  not  uniform ;  and  that  they  had 
attemptett  to  l^^: tb^fe  particular  paits 


of  her  orbit,  in  which  it*  was  i^iore  rapid 
or  more  flow.  If  any  credibilhytnay'bc 
repofed  hi  the  writings  and  quotations  of 
Ariftotle  and  Pliny,  the  Chaldeans  wem 
not  unacquainted  with  the  motions  of  the 
moon\  nodes,  and  that  of  her*  apogle  \ 
and  they  had  rationally  inferred,  from  the 
occultation  of  fixed  ftars  by  the  moos, 
that  this  luminary  was  the  caufe  of  the 
eclipfes  of  the  fun.  Fi-om  the  Hebrews 
the  moon  received  infinitely  more  adora- 
tion than  the  fun.  The  fellivals  en  the 
firft  day  of  the  new  moon,  were  folemniy 
celebrated,  as  appeals  from  an  expreflioa 
of  David's  to  Jonathan  in  i  Sam.  c.  xx. 
v.  5.  Apuleius  celebrates  the  moon,  as  of- 
the  vivific  ".ries,  and  confequcntly  fupe- 
rior  to  the  lun,  which  was  of  the  narmrf- 
nic.  It  is  uncertain  at  what  particular 
time  ali^ronomical  knowledge  originated 
among  the  Greeks.  Thales  was  the  firft  ^ 
who  reafoned  upon  the  principles  of  the 
fcience.  Previous  to  the  return  of  ThaJc« 
from  Kgypt,  the«^z/^^/of  theconftellations 
were  determined,  and  fome  fc^nt  glim- 
merings of  agronomical  knowledge  perhaps 
fparkled  for  the  inftant  in  the  times  ofHe* 
fiod  and  Homer,  but  certainly  no  confi- . 
derable  advancement  had  been  made. 

Thal?5  firft  taught  that  «<  the  light  of 
the  moon  was  refie6led  from  the  fun.**- 
This  fentiment  was  adopted  by  Anaxago- 
ras,  Pythagoras,  and  Empedocles  *,  ni« 
fuccefibrs,  who,  by  means  of  this  prin- 
ciple, accounted  for  the  mildnefs  of  its 
fplcndour,  and  the  imperceptibility  oi 
its  heat. 

Many  of  the  ancient  Greek  philofopher» 
and  aftronomers,  not  only  imagined  the 
ftars  to  be  funs,  about  which  rolled  pla- 
nets of  their  own,  fuch  as  compofe 
our  folar  fyftem  ;  they  maintained 
that  thefe  myriads  of  planets  were  in- 
habited  hy  beings,  whoie  natures  and 
eflcnces  they  could  not  defcribe.  Pro- 
clus,  in  his  commentary  on  Timaeus, 
introduces  three  lines  of  a  Fragment  ^ 
Orfheusy  which,  in  the  moft  perfe6l  and 

*  AToXiMrerai  tou'ov  to  ra  E/Affi^oy-Xetf?, 
**  a»axX»<rii  tiw  t»  r{K\H  it^%  .T/i^  «X»!W}ir 

<pcoTijp  ytytfijfjLitTi^, 

«*  Plutarcb  de  Fade  in  Orheljun^f'*  t.ii.'  p.f^29. 

Again,  . 
f  ftrrifcj-Gtfcu  "  Dtog,  Laer,  iuAntXim.^*  I. a. 
Vide  "  PUn:;  1,  a,  c.  9,     ««  CfininSom- 
unequivocal 


2i>9 


PrediSfion  relative  to  TT^aJhtn  gton.    " 


unequivocal  ittaDwr,  cjcprcfs  the  idea  that 
the  niDon  was  inhabited. 

IdiaUf  TO  ^  aXXi*  ycuctf  etirtt^artft  ij?  n 
'Afia^aroi  Tpkij^ycrtr,  sw»;^»»o«  ^i  Tt  Mtjwjl'i 

Anaxagoras  thought  precifely  in  the 
fame  manner,  and  this  fcntiment  i^ceived 
additional  confiiination  from  the  opinion 
<rf*  PythagoraR,  who  improved  not  only 
aftronomy  and  mathematics,  but  every 
other  branch  of  phiiolbphy.  Plutarch 
de   placit.    philoi'.    1.    2.   c.    30,    fays, 

2i\«fr,y,  iiu  TO  'Xi^MixiTa^i  rot^rty,  xa^a- 
Ifi^  Tiif  nra^  vifjuy  yy.y,  fjU^oci  f^OK,  kou 
^yrwf  xaMioo-w  f/'  It  is  ridiculous' 
tf>  multiply  quotations,  more  than  are 
fnfEcIent  to  prove,  that  this  opinion 
^wis  extremely  common  among  the  ancient 
Greek  philofophers.  After  the  death  of 
Alexander  the  Gixr^t,  a  celebrated  fchool 
was  tlhihiifhtd  nt  Alexandria,  under  the 
aoipicc-s  of  Pr.->Iemy  Phlladelphui;  Ti- 
iiiocharis,and  Aryftilius,were  the  firlHvho 
caUivated  aftroncmical  .refearch  in  this 
fchool.  Their  care  and  diligence  in  ob- 
firvation  were  infinitely  greater  than  any 
of  their  predeceflbrs  had  ever  (hidied  and 
obfcrved  with .  Amtillas,  or  fphcrts  were 
ere^cd,  and  the  fciencc  advanced  rapidly. 
Arch;mcdeB  determined  the  diftance  of  the 
moon  from  the  earth,  and  the  diftance  of- 
the  planets  from  the  moon.  Emloxus,  a 
cotemporary  of  Arlftctle,  believed  the 
<Hameter  of  the  moon  to  be  nine  times  lei's 
ttian  that  of  the  Am.  Ptolemy  informs 
trt,  that  Hipparchus  difcovired  the  anti- 
cipation of  the  moon's  nodes,  and  the  ec- 
centricity of  her  orbit.  Democritus, 
who  vifited  the  priefts  of  Eg\-pt,  and  per- 
haps penetrated  into  India  and  Erlrapia, 
imapncd  that  the  fpots  of  the  uuwn  were 
Ihades,  formed  by  the  heights  of  its 
mountains.  **  Stobitus  Echg.  Phyp"  lib. 
1.  p,  60,  particularly  2.nA  clearly  nientions 
this  feiiLinunt,  which  Democritus  htld» 

Plutarch  conceives  that  vail  Teas,  and 
deep  caverns,  wtre  cmbcdicd  in  the  moon. 

*•  Dit  it  e/jt/n  ertfH  quir  'vociilur  fades t 
Jimulackra  ejfc,  et  irnngines  magui  maris  in 
ifma  app^trentes,""    De  facie  in  Orb.  tun, 

p.  qJO  JP. 

It  appears  too,  from  another  paflage  in 

t  Vide  ««  jCiiftot  de  Carlo,''  «<  ^/.einrwi," 
'*  Plate.  In  Piad.^'  for  the  feme  opiftionj  and 
ia  icany  other  writers. 


Plutarch,  that  he  did  not  Wievc  the 
moon  had  any  humidity,  vapour,  or  ex- 
halation •.  This,  among,  the  modems, 
is  the  grand  obje^ion  to  tEemoon'«  bciii|^ 
inhabited  1 

I  leave  it.  Sir,  to  any  of  ytour  learned 
coneipondents,  to  determine,  whether  it 
i»  probable  that  the  modcniti,  unaided  by 
telefcope«,  &c.  would  ever  have  advanced 
fo  far  as  the  ancients.  Undoubtcdlv,  at 
prefcnt,  the  nature  of  the  ftars,  and  the 
whole  planetary  fyftem,  is  better  under- 
ftood  than  it  was  in  the  times  of  Ptolemy 
and  Hipparchus.  I  am.  Sir,  your  huim* 
ble  fcrvant,  W.  D. 

To  the  EtSlor  of  the  Mcwtbly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

AS  your  Magazine  is  a  repofitory  for 
many  little  aiticles  of  knowledge, 
which  otherwifc  might  have  been  configned 
to  oblivion — I  offer  you  for  infertion  the 
following  circumftance  relative  to  the 
illuftrious  George  Waftiington,  late  pre- 
fident  of  the  United  States. 

A  printed  difcouife  was  recently  (hewn 
mc  by  an  intelligent  friend,  entitled, 
«<  Kt  li^i'jn  nrJPatriotifm^  er  the  confiitutnH 
«*  of  a  gcod  foUier '^  preached  to  captain 
"  b'vertons  indtptrUant  company  ofyeUm- 
«  tecrs,  raifidin  Hanover  County j  Virginia^ 
*f  Au^uj}  \'^tht  IT s^i  by  Samuel  Danncsr 
Abctrt  the  middle  of  this  fennon,  the 
preacher  expatiates  on  the  patriotifin  of 
the  Americans  difplayed  in  tne  war,  then 
fuMiiling  bet%vixt  them  and  the  Indians. 
But  thorgh  the  Americans,  it  Teems,  had 
foii^rht  valiantly,  yetftill  greater  esiert ions 
were  deemed  reqvifite  for  the  final  decifion 
of  the  contcft.  Accordingly  the  orator 
(h  Ives  to  inflame  the  zeal  of  his  countrj^- 
men,  by  fpccifying  the  names*  of  thofc 
f.. :  ocs  who  had  already  diftirgui(hed  thcm- 
f  Ivcs  by  their  aitivity*  .And;  here  occurs 
the  name  ot*  the  ceieb^ted  JVaflnngtcn^ 
accompanied  with  a  (hort  note  rcfpc&Ing 
him,  apparently  dilated  in  the  fpirit  of 
prophecy.  The  preaclier's  words  are ihefe ; 
"  As  a  remarkable  inftance  of  this, 
(pauiotifm)  I  may  point  out  ti>  the  p^bl^*^ 
that  ite'/7>iV^.wr/^:Coi.ONEli  Washing* 
TON,  whom  I.  cannot  but  ho^i^pro^tdgme 
has  hitherto  pufervcd  vffo  Jigfi^l  a  m^mr^ 
forfime  uftportcni  frrfi'keec  bis  eountfj*^ 

•■  Hirov  TOK  *««"*  irt  J^thimi^  dm  K*  ■ 

fji.nt»  '•   ui4    {(gain   a  few  lines  rafter ; 

auvvavcf  uh  Mton^ritau ' ;  •   "* 

FUt,  t.  a.  p.  93«- 
lihall 


On  the  Culture  ef  Wafie  Lands. 


^ 


1  (ball  onFy  beg  the  reader  to  rccoUciSl, 
that  thi>  H9te  was  written  near  twenty 
years  previous  to  the  breaking  out  'of  the 
American  war.  It  will  be  imnrccffkry 
to  remind  him  of  the  pnrt  which  that 
hroic  youth,  GEORGE  Washington, 
took  in  that  memorable  ftniggle,  or  of  the 
l'ucc.»fs  with  which  his  patriotic  efforts 
were  crowned.  i 

I  have  wiflied  to  contribute  fometbing 
to  your  niircellany,  in  return  for  the 
entertainment  it  has  oftentimes  afforded 
nie.  If  this  mite  accord  with  its  defign  it 
is  at  your  fervice. 

I  am  fir,  your's  refpcftftilly, 

John  Evans. 

Hoxton-fquaret  Marchy  *o,  1798. 


To  the  EMtor  of  the  Monthly  Magazins. 

IN  your  Magazine  for  Febniaiy  laft, 
I  have  read  with  much  plcaiure,  a 
fenfible  and  well-intentioned  letter  on  the 
Culture  of  Wafie  Lands ,  wliich  is  figned 
A  Li^ierpooiitin.  I  entirely  concur  in 
opinion  with  your  correfpondent ;  that 
the  cultivation  of  our  ivafie  lauds  is  one 
ef  the  moft  important  means  which  re- 
main to  be  employed  for  the  improvement 
of  the  national  wealth  of  Great  Britain. 
Sbme  of  his  fa^s,  however,  appear  to  me 
to  be  ftated  with  a  certain  degree  of  in- 
corrcftnefs  ;  and  his  principal  fuggeftion 
I  take  to  be  rather  too  haitily  hazarded.' 
You  will,  therefore,  oblige  me,  by  having 
the  goodneij}  to  I'ubmit  the  toltowing 
confiderations  upon  this  intereftlng  agri- 
cultural fubje6l,  to  him,  and  to  your 
readers. 

1.  When  we  fpeak,  in  Great  Britain, 
of  n^irfte  Lands,  it  is  not  to  be  underflood, 
that  there  is  any  land  in  the  ifland,  which, 
if  not  covered  by  ftagnant  water,  or  ex- 
hibiting^ at  the  furface,  nothing  but  bare 
rock,  can  deferve  to  be  regarded,  as 
ahfoiutefy  wafte.  Even  our  ntorajfes,  where 
thef<;  are  not  abfolutely  inaccefTible  to 
♦attle,  yield  graflcs  which  both  cows  and 
ihecp  crop  with  remarkable  avidity. 
Our  bleakeft  moors  afford  excelleni  pafture' 
for  iheep.  Goats  ciambor imong  the  c Hffs 
•f  ouf  higheft  mountains;  and  thefe  find 
alpine  plants  which  are  to  them  peculiarly 
grateful.  There  is'  no  land,  cither  in 
Scotlud  or  EogiMid,  which  has  it!t  fnr- 
face  at  all  covered  with  herbage,  thut 
ought  not  to  afibrd  at  leall  fixpence  an 
acre,  in  tiie  vear,  tadie  landlord,  if  it  be 
favouraWy  iitttatt  in  regard  to  ra^rkett* 
that  may  not  yield  at  leaft  half^a-crown 
a  v«9r»  iat  each  acre,  to  9  fkilfiii  mi 
induftrigut  ul»nt«  - 


2 .  In  very  many  inftances,  ih  which 
hnds  remain  very  much  in  -the  ftatc  ot 
^-ajies,  this  is  owing,  eithcf  to  their 
lying  in  unfarounible  fituations,  remote., 
troni  t!ie  means  of  improvement,  and 
from  niprkt'ts,  at  which  the  produce 
might  bi'  fold,  or  to  their  lying,  on  the 
contrary,  m  fituations  on  the  lea-coaft, 
and  fometimes  in  the  vicinity  of  great 
cities,  where  the  induftry  of  the  people 
is  called  entirely  away,  to  be  employed 
upon  more  flattering  obje6ls. 

3.  In  other  inftances,  lands  are  retained 
in  a  comparativtrly  wafte  ftate,  cither  as 
commons  belonging  to  incorpoi-ations,  or 
as  chaces  refervcd  for  the  amufement  of. 
great  landholders.  But,  that  .proportion 
of.  the  territory  of  the  ifland,  which  is 
thus,  of  defign,  kept  in  a  fort  of  wafte 
condition,  is  much  fmaller  than  that  of 
which  the  improvement  has  been  prevented 
by  natural  circumftances. 

4.  Of  all  thofe  obftacles,  which  have  v 
oppofed  the  cultivation  of  our  moft  barren 
lands,  the  moft  powerful  has  had,  and 
ftill  has,  its  exiftcnce  in  the  ignorance  and 
the  prejudices  of  the  fanners  and  their 
labourers.  Agriculture,  and  all  the  art$ 
of  hulbandrv,  have  hitherto  been  com- 
monly taught,  in  Britain,  by  tiadition 
alone.  Rural  ceconomy  has  never  yet 
been  reduced  to  any  thing  like  a  fyftem 
of  fcicntific  principles  affording  a  founda- 
tion to  rules  by  wnich  its  pra^lice,  as  an 
art,  might  be  regulated.  In  every  differ- 
ent part  of  the  country,  the  diverfities  in 
the  modes  of  husbandry,  are,  not  fuch  as 
the  diverfity  of  local  circumftances  alone 
recommends,  but  fuch  as  accident  has 
introduced,  in  ancient  times.  The  old 
Anglo-5axon  implements  of  the  feventh 
and  eighth  centuries,  are  ftill  ufed,  almoft 
without  improvement  or  variation  of  fonn, 
throughout  the  greater  number  of  the 
farms  in  the  illand.  The  moft  abfurd 
praftices  of  huft)andry  prevail,  merely 
becaufethey  have  prevailed.  Too  many 
of  our  fanners  know  no  other  ratio  of 
their  plans  of  farming,  than  that  the 
fame  were  followed  by  their  fathers,  their 
^rand -fathers,  and  their  great-grand- 
fathers. Their  prejudices  are  in  tii 
dire£l  proportion  of  their  ignorance. 
That  ground  which  has  been  once  pro* 
nounced  not  arable^  tlicy  hold  almoft  as^ 
reli^louflj^  facred  from  the  plough,  as  the 
Druids  ot  old  cpuld  hold  their  inmoft  and 
moft  myfterious  groves.  .^ 

5.  Notwithftandlng  thefe  powerful  ob- 
Aftcles,  very  great  progrefs  hw,  at  length* 
begun  to  be  made  m  the  Improvement  ot 


17*^ 


Plans  fir  the  Cultivation  of  Wajle  Lands^ 


lands,  Twfuch  were  once  accounted  to  be 
invincibly  barren.  MuItiplying^KM/w» 
has  produced  a  neceflity  for  new  inclofurcs, 
new  fubdivifions  of  neJds,  extended  till- 
age. Augmented  wealth,  luxury  be- 
coming .continually  more  fumptuous, 
taite  morejufty  more  capriciouily  fickle, 
nioie  magniftcent  in  its  defigns  j  have,  in 
the  formation  of  new  ornamented  grounds^ 
brougiit  vail  trafts  of  territory  into  a 
ftate  of  rich  cultivation,    which    were, 

before,  barren  and  negle£led.  All  thefe 
-means    have    concurred  to  enlaigc  our 

domeftic  market  for  the  produce  of  lands 

improved  by   husbandry  j  and  of  confc- 

qiience>  to  promote  their  improvement. 

The  diffufion  of  knowledge  throughout 

the  land,  and  the  encreafmg  application 

of  fcience'to  the  improvement  of  every    and  of  government?    Let  any  ooe  but 

one  of  the  ufefiil  arts  \  has  alfo  beguil    enter,  in  imagination,  into  all  tbofe  eir- 

at  lenglii  to  lend  its  powerful  aid  towards 

the  advaacement  of  agriculture  ^  and  has 

iWggefted    various  means   of   the    moil 

eicntial    utility,     for    reducing    wade 

flrounds  under  profitable  cultivation.   For 


no%  nine-tenths  of  all  tb«  gre«t  projects 
of  governments  for  the  accompKihrnent 
of  fuddcn  and  extenfive  improvemems  in 
induftryand  manners  bem  ttitvoidabiy 
defeated,   by   difadvanlages    ia(eparable 
from  their  own  nature  f    The  plan  of 
Br^rfcbif  ihe  laft  of  the  Pope*,  for  draining 
the  Campagna  di  Roma  ;  that  of  a  Spanilh 
minifter  for  peopling  and  cultivating  the 
^Sisfia  Morena  by  tne  intioduAion  of  a 
German  colony;     that  of   the  Scottift 
Truftees,  forty  years  fince,  for  iniproviiig 
tlie  forfeited  eftatcs.      Wfffe  not  rhrfe  all 
great  fchemes,  not  unlike  to  this  which  is 
propofed  by    your    corrcfpondent ;   atd 
which  were  fruftrated   chiefly  by   that 
management  which  became  peculiar  to 
them,  as  being  the  fchemes  of  mhiiftrn 
any 
all  I 

cumftances  of  management,  which  would 
neceflarily  attend  the  execution  of  your 
coiTefpondent's  projeft  ;  the  influence  it 
wouici  have  upon  the  price  of  land  and  en 
falcs,    the  partialities  which   might   be 


the  ufe  of  all  the  arts  in  genei-al,  our    exercifed  in  pax  celling  out  the  little  £tlds, 
— 3. J ILL 1-^_^    _.!.!-!-  ^t-./-^    jj^g  jealoufics  which  would    be  excitcti 

among  all  the  candidatesfbr  thepurckaib, 
the  injuries  which  the  preTent  proprieton 
would,  in  a  thoufand  inftances,  iuftsun, 
from  being  forced  to  fell,  even  at  any 
price,  that  which  tliey  rather  defired  to 


road*  and  canals  have*  been,  within  thcfe 
laft  thirty  years,  prodigioufly  improved, 
extended,  multiplied  s  And  this  opening  up 
of  tlie  country,  has,  in  the  moft  eminent 
degree,  contributed  to  refcue  all  its  parts 
from  defolation.   I  know  not,  if  any  direft 


meafures  employed  for  the  fertilization  of    rcferve :    And  he  will  eafily  be  convinccdi 
.  i__  J       .1 1 1_  •.!.•„    ^j^^^  ^^^  could  be  nothing  much  meat 

unwife,  than  the  adopting  ot  fiich  a  plaa 
of  improvement  as  that  propofcd  by  your 
correfpondent ! 

7.  But,    how,    then,    profccute    this 


our  moit:  barren  lands,  could  have,  within 
the  fame  time,  fo  effeftually  atchieved 
their*  purpole,  as  have  thofe  natural  and 
indirect  means  here  enumerated . 

6.  I  cannot  but  thinkj  that  a  momentV 
reflexion  would  indiKe  your  enlightened 
correfpondent  to  fee  the  impropriety  of 
any  plan  which  fhould  legally  au- 
thor! <e  government  to  purchafe  and  then 
fared  out,  anew,  our  prefent  tuaJle  IcfLls, 
t  can  never  be  advifeable  to  put  into  the 


improvement  to  its  due  point  of  perfec- 
tion ?  •  •   • 

Extend,  repair,  multiply  vour  roads 
and  canals,  till,  by  means  ot  them,  the 
moll  diftant  parts  of  the  countryfhall  be 
brought  'virtuaUy  nearer  togetbrr;  and 


hands  gf  government  any  powers,  fave  the  mutual  consmuoication  between  its 
thofe  of  providing  for  our  immediale  provinces,  which  are  mutiMlly  the  wk 
national  dtftncey  of  maintaining  public  remote,  (hall  be  eafy,  afanoft  a«  if  thef 
order,  by  the  adminiftration  of  diftributive  were  but  diflferent  ftreeti  of  the  lame  great 
Ju  ftice,  of  levying,  under  a  proper  fan^lioD,    town. 

fDtznshrthtneceJary  public  exfenfettjUa^.^  £heriih,  with  particular  care,  tbole 
of  giving  the  nvatdnjoord^  if  poiTible,  to  arts  which  work  iiip  foe  eiopoitatioB  tljc 
flie  nation,  in  regard  to  whatever  can  pro-  produ^s  of  agriculture.  &ich  aie  dwfe 
iribte  the  generafwelfarc.  Is  not  our  own  of  the  brover,  the  diftilkr,  the  Aaker  of 
go^-emment  invcfted,  at  piefent,  by  the  .  ^rch  and  haxrnpowdn>  'Igrfidc  all  e«r 
nnaVotdabfe  exigency  ot  circumflancesj.  other  mamifadurev  ^klcA  .deasafl^  II' 
with,  perhaps^  top  much  power  over  bourns,  that  mufl,  be  fod  fran."^  ^^ 
private  Irfe*  and  'property  ?  Is  it  not  duccof  our  ownlawJL-. ,,  .  .••  . 
univerfaliy  known,  that,  wfierever  gov^  h-  Cult'urate  commerce,  W><l&ft»jlflf»*'^ 
men ts  have  defcended  \x\\o  too  particular  apiculture,  as  s^cij^i9GW|^«Bnl|^9n*<D 
Jin- InteHVrtfnce  in  the  general  aconomy  of  in«;  another's pfiofgerigr.  %^9^m^ 
Vbe 'national  indut^ry,  this  oeddnomy  has  t1i^  jnt^'j-pfty  pt  ^i^|-  rDg^^ljfrftlWf  it^"^ 
%^*«1  ways  deranged  and  injured  ?  Have  ♦  '        \-  witl» 


'L^hington  Houfe, 


xrith  thofc  of  'dUr  comnierce^  gitc  the 
preffrence  to  the-fomirr  :  Whcrrver  the 
intei«fts  of  our  agriojlturp  clalh  with 
tboTe  of  our  manM^auret,  preftr  thofe  of 
agriculture. 

Patroniwr  evtry  mgeniotis  and  diligent 
effort  to  apply  the  principles  of  fciencc 
to  the  improvement  of  rural  oeconomy  : 
And  endeaTour  to  provide  manuals  6f 
tgricultural  rules  and  principles,  fuf- 
Bfientiy  iimple  and  popular,  fuch  as 
may  make  ercry  farmer  at  once  an  able 
philofopher  asd  a  confummate  artlft  in  all 
that  belongs  to  hulbandry. 

Let  every  landholder  let  out  his  eftate 
under  good  jmfrovutg  leafeji  And  let 
him  On  himfelt  an   example  of  prudent 


271 

cndeavoiirs  to  impio^'e  feme  few  acres  pf 
fuch  grounds,  fucn  as  may  lie  worthy  of 
the  imitation  of  his  tenants.  Le^.  the 
landlord's  improvcmentji  be  fo  conduft3» 
that  their  profitablenefs  may  be  ujideni- 
ably  evinced  to  the  farmers  whom  be 
wimes  to  imitate  them. 

Follow  nature,  or  even  lead  h,er ;  hot 
attempt  not  to  drive  or  drag  lier.  Above 
all,  avoid  thofchafty  projcfls  whieh  tend 
to  brine  all  improvement  into  dlfgrace. 

It  is Ixardly  to  be  conceived,  by  thole 
w':o  have  not  obferved,  how  much  our 
nvafle  lands  have  been  brought  under 
culture,  fince  the  year  1794- 

I  am.  Sir,  your's, 
Dumfries,  March  s,  17^%.      ACRICOL^* 


LETHINGTON   HOUSE. 


THIS  remarkable  edifice  ftands  near 
Haddington  in  Eaft  Lothian. 

It  was  die  chief  refidence  of  the  Malt- 
lands,  anceftors  of  the  Lauderdale  family. 
Sir  Richtrd  Maitland,  the  poet,  and  his 
A»is»  the  chancellor,  and  the  much  cele- 
^bratcdT Secretary  of  iUte  in  Mary's  reign, 
Mt  namet  kilown  to  moft  of  our  readers. 

Tbi»  rikHMBsiMMiiad. the  fortune  to 
be  twice  defcribed  in  verfc.      In-  th^.• 


«  Maitland  Poemti"  yo\.  ii.  p.  253,  there 
is  a  Scottifh  poem  on  this  fubje^,  not' a 
little  intereftmg,  as  oblervlng  the  maA-> 
ners  and  amufemenfs  of  the  time.  The 
Editor  obferves,  p.  4^S)  \\t3^t\tt  LiSft^* 
ion  apple  takes  tts  name  from  this  hotife. 
And  among  the  poemi ^  Tkomas  Mait- 
land, in  xht"DtluU  Poftofrnm  ScHor^m^'* 
torn,  ii:  p^  €67,  is  now  i^M  Dmns 
LfJi/fiwua, 


itm 


To  fbeE£wrcf  tie  Mcortbl}  Magazine. 

0[BSBRViNO  ffte  '(^ueiy  In  tile 
'•  MontWy  Magazine  tor  September, 
coioefciff^'the  bef!  method  of  fowin^  land 
with  mis  feeds,  without  a  crop  of  com  ; 
-'^uSd^'l^  the  aftrfwers  In  that  fof  the  fuc- 
'^Mibg  ino^it';  the  latter  appeared  to  i^e 
•lo  coofljie  INmjptrtbrts  who  were  imac- 
'<tmklft(edWtIi  vbt  fttperior  air'antage^  at- 
tflWing  that  mode  of  culture,  vAuh  I 
MOHTH.  Mag.  No.  xsx. 


have  praflifcd  fpr  Several  years^  3^»*^^ 
which  I  have  had  ocqafion  to  btiiicrvc '^e 
refiilt  in  the  pra^Tcc  of  otlicr«  i.l  hope  I 
fhall,  therefore,  bq  excuic4  for  offering  ij[^y 
^  opinion  upon  it..         .  ^ 

The  following  extraft  1$.  taken  from 
the  ag^^icultui;?!.  r«5yott  of  jthe  north  qd- 
ing  of  YorkHiirc. 

"  Several  farmers  in  this  countj7  fovf 
their  grafs  feetU  with  the  firfl,  crop  a^er 
a  failo>y  or  turnbs  i  and  a  fevr  fow  thpm 
ujdn^'tpfjng  fallovf  wlilroul  corn,  upon 

N  A  iftrong 


27  2. 


Mr^  Tuke  cnfiwing  Grafs  Seedsy  ^c. 


ilrong  land,  and  iind  it  anfwcr  muck' bet- 
ter than  fowing  them,  with  com:  and 
there  is  a  vti7  evident  fuperiority  in  fa- 
vour of  that  praftice,  when  compared 
with  that  of  fowiijg  thtm  with  corn.  The 
method  ia  to  ibw  them  as  early  in  the 
fpring  as  the  land  can  be  made  6t }  the 
tops  of  the  weeds  which  may  grow  amongit 
them  arc  mown  off  twice  in  the  courfe  of 
fummer>  and  the  land  rolled  after  each 
mowing;  by  autumn>  if  the  leafcti  has 
been  tolerabljr  favourable,  a  rich,  luxu- 
riant pafture  is  produced/* 

Although  the  above  method  is  well 
adapted  to  ftrong  land,  an  improvement 
may  be  made  upon  it,  by  fowing  along 
with  the  grafs  feeds  one  buHiel  of  tares  or 
vetches.  Where  this  is  pia61ifed,  the 
crops  ihould  be  mown  tor  liay  as  foon  as 
the  vctclies  are  got  well  ipto  flower ;  by 
tbiemtftjikud  tfar  produce  mown  is  rendered 
valuable,  but  in  the  former  cafe  it  is  of 
very  little  value,  rarely  worth  the  expence 
of  cutting.  The  feeds  thus  having  a  free 
admiiTion  of  air,  v^ill  fpread,  and  get 
ftrength  faft,  and  the  tares  fpringing  again, 
.  will,  with  the  feeds,  form,  in  a  ihoit  time, 
a  mod  excellent  pasture  for  fhetp. 

It  is  a  iettled  principle  with  me,  that 
the  land  cannot  be  too  rich  when  fown 
with  grafs  feeds  $  for  the  richer  the  land 
is,  the  more  ftock  the  feeds  will  carry, 
and  the  ilock  con&quently  leave  a  laiger 
quantity  of  manure,  and  thus  increafe  its 
fertility  in  almoft  an  arithmetical  progref- 
ilon ;  and  when  the  field  is  again  plough* 
ed  out,  it  will  be  in  a  date  to  produce 
the  taore  plent i  ful  crops  of  com .  On  the 
other  hand,  if  land,  be  fown  down  poor, 
it  carries  little  ftock,  romams  poor  as  long 
as  it  lies  in  grais,  and  when  ploughed  out, 
will  (carce  clear  expences. 

It  w«9  from  reaumlng  in  this  manner, 
.  thas  I  wa)  led  to  fow  grafs  feeds  without 
corn  {  which  I  have  done  on  a  winter  and 
Ipring  fallow  limed,  as  well  as  the  fame 
kiod  of  faliow  manured  ;  and  alfo  on  laf«d 
well  mamiredj  which  lud  been  cropptd 
the  preceding  year  with  potatoes :  the 
two  laft  have  anfwered  the  bcft.  My  foil 
being  a  light,  faml,  I  prcfarcd  fowing 
Something  along  with  the  grafs  (rtds,  that 
would  foon  n^ake  a  good  &eep  pafture  \  I 
thcreibore  fowed  one  naif  peck  of  tape  feed 
{ler  acrt-  along  with  the  grafs  feeds ;  as 
foon  as  it  got  a  pretty  good  leaf,  I  turned 
in  fuch  a  ibck  of  iheepas  I  thought  ^ould 
eat  it  as  fall  as  it  grew  ;  by  whrieh  ma- 
&agement>  the  rape  affords  i'  ftichdr  for 
the  young  Meeds,  and  the  ibeep,  at  ihe 
'  faiTJt-  time  that  they  arc  eating  the  rApe, 
a2)d  faltuui^g.  the  ipil  .to  the  roots>  <^^  the 


feeds,  are  greatly  enriching  tbe  land  by 
the  manure  they  leave.  The  laft  fummer 
I  fowed  fome  tares  inftead  of  rape,  at 
die  rate  of  one  buihel  per  acre,  along 
with  the  grafs  feeds,  upon  land  which 
had  been  aiopped  with  potatoes  the  year 
before  9  as  foon  as  the  tares  had  got  aboat 
ancle  deep,  I  turned  inibmefheep^  but 
I  foon  found  it  almolt  ImpofEble  to  keep 
it  dovm  with  the  fhxk,  and  at  this  time 
it  is  as  beautiful  a  piece  of  fwarth  as  I 
everfaw. 

I  find  it  the  beft  praflice,  not  to  (cpk 
the  feeds  tmtil  a  month  or  fix  weeks  after 
the  laft  ploughing ;  in  the  fore  part  of 
that  time,  the  land  (hould  be  maiuurcd,  if 
nece/Tary,  with  fhoit  manure  j  and  repeat- 
ed opportunities  taken,  in  dry  weather,  to 
harrow  it  well,  and  it  ihould  be  once 
rolled;  by.thefc  means,  the  weed*  are 
deftroyed,  the  land  gets  a  confideiabie  de- 
gree of  firmnefs,  t\\c  manure  is  well  mixed 
with  the  foil,  which  lies  within  reach  ot 
the  roots  of  the  grafs,  and  the  leeds  lie  at 
a  more  equal  depth  than  wlien  the  land  is 
frefli  ploughed;  if  any  weeds  fhotild  af- 
terwards appear,  care  fhpuld  be  taken  to 
extirpate  them.       ' 

The  feeds  per  acre  I  ihould  recomnoend 
to  be  fown  on  light,  or  loamy  foils,  are 
ten  pounds  of  trefoil,  fix  pounds  of  w^ite 
clover,  four  pounds  of  red  clover,  and  fix 
bufhels  of  hay  feeds,  if  the  latter  can  be 
depended  upon  to  be  of  good  kinds,  and 
without  a  mixture  of  any  thing  piYJvdi- 
cial }  but  this  is  rarely  to  be  met  with : 
for  want  of  good  hay  leeds,  I. recommend 
one  bufhel  ot  rye  gmfs  \  and  even  if  hay 
,  feeds  are  ufed,  I  fhould  mix  one  peck  of 
rye  grafs  with  them,  unlefs  a  confiderable 
quantity  of  rye  grafs  appears  cc«taiDed 
among  them,  which  rarely  happens. 

Rye  grafs, .  if  properly  managed  in 
fpring,  by  being  kept"  W'cU  eat  down,  is 
valuable  grafs.  John  TuicE. 

Lingcroft  (near  York)  y 


7>  the  Eiiitor  of  the  Monthly  Magazpu. 

SIR, 

THE  high  price  of  gall-nuts,  and  the 
fcarcity  as  well  as  deamefs*  of  oak- 
bark,  being' frequently  fujbje^ls  .ofccsn- 
plaint  among  ihoie  who  u£b-  tMe  fe~ 
grcdiiints  in  tkeir  ref|k:ftive  ertip!oymseiifs  j 
and  the  peculiarly  uftfxil  art  of  taxunng, 
and  the  dying  of  vafJous  tirtfcks  of 
manufadtore,  depending,  Wthifji^  |?er- 
feaibn,  on'fhehig;hly  aftriB^t  e^uaRt^s 
of  the  twti  abore  ntarfed  fu%flai»<i«) 
mahy  6lheT  l^ibihweefflttiv^  be^rir  i^?M 


Mr.  Gray  en  Suhftitutes ftr  Bark. 


273 


In  their  ftead  to  the  fanie  piirpofe ;  but 
they  art,  fur  the  moil  {>art,  either  inferior 
in  quality,  or  liable  to  the  fame  obje6lion8. 
A  vegetable  which  is  both  common  and 
plentiful  has  claimed  my  attention,  as 
podcfling  the  aftringent  quality  Ui  a  very 
nigh  degree ;  and  from  fome  experiments 
which  I  made  with  it,  though  at  a  moft 
improper  feafon  of  the  year  (winter),  I  was 
lirongly  induced  to  the  conclufion  of  its 
uriiity  for  tanning  leather,  and  for  a  black 
dye,  or  other  purpofes  to  which  aftringcnts 
arc  applied .  It  is  the  root  of  the  Pfeuda- 
corus  or  Yellow  Water  Flag :  and,  if 
found  convenient  for  fuch  ules,  its  de- 
mand can  be  fupplied  to  any  extent,  as 
tbe  culture  of  it  in  mai-ihy  grounds  cannot 
be  difficult.  For  prefent  ufe  it  may  be 
only  cnxihed  as  apple  for  cyder  ;  it  may 
alio  be  dried  and  kept  to  be  ufed  as  oc- 
cdiion  may  require.  But  thofe  who  may 
tb  ink.  this  covumunication  worthy  of  their 
attention,  will  fuggelt  the  beft  modes  of 
applying  it.  As  far  as  I  know,  it  has 
not  hertrtoforc  been  either  ufed  or  recom- 
mended for  fuch  purpofes. 
Ne-^Ajcaftle  upcn  Tjnif  G.Gray. 

April  lOy  1798. 

P.  S.  Since  writing  the  above,  a  friend 
has  ftiewnr  me  the  following  article  in 
Recs's  edition  of  Chambers  :  which  I 
gladly  annex  as  a  corroborating  evidence 
of  its  aftringent  properties. 

**  Iris  lutea  faluftris,  or  yellow  water  flag, 
grows  naturally  in  ditches  and  xnoift  places 
in  moft  jisrts  of  this  country  :  The  common 
people  in  Scotland  have  found  out  an  ufe  fur 
this  plant,  which  has  efcaped  the  moft  ac- 
curate writers  on  botany.  In. that  country 
the  common  ink  is  made  of  it.  They  cut 
fome  of  the  roots  into  thin  dices,  and  either 
boil  or  infyfe  them  in  water  till  the  liquor 
is  highly  tinged  with  themj  they  then  pour 
if  clear  off,  and  thenpntting  Into  it  the  blade 
of  a  knife,  or  any  other  piece  of  iron,  they 
rub  it  hard  with  a  rough  white  pebble,  and 
by  degrees  the  liquor  becomes  black :  they 
continue  rubbing  till  U  is  as  deep  a  black  as 
chey  xe^ulre,  and  it  Is  a  tolerable  good  ink.'* 

7b  the  E^tor  9f  tbf  Motttbly  Magazini. 

THE  ,ftudy  of  popular  antiquitiesj 
tihough  the  materials  for  it  lie  fp 
vy  )4£ly  dilTufed,  and  indeed  ieem  to  obtrude 
tbemUelves  upon  every  one's  attention* 
in  pr<^pprtioa  to  the  extent  of  hi$:  inter- 
courf*  witK  ^iccQinpion  po(^le»  do  net 
-MppC^  ta»  ha]M  engaged  (o.  much  of  the 
jM4ic»«l  qnquirerft  into  humas  life  and 
r«Mauj«rs^«w*  ni^ht  have  .been  «xpe£ied. 
JThe  learned  but  pedMitic  »n:iter  of  the 
vt^lg^r  errors,  in  the  laft  century,  and 


Mr.  Bourne  of  NewcafHe,  and  his  com-' 
mentator,  Mr.  Brand,  in  this,  ar*  our  chief' 
iburces  af  information  en  (ubje6Vs  of  this 
nature.  Indeed  the  valuable  additiohs  of 
the  latter  to  the  antiquitiktei  iml^drej  of 
his  predeceflbr,  contain  a  fufld  ot  curious 
oblervations,  worthy  of  the  ftation  which 
their  author  holds  as  fecretary  to  the* 
Society  of  Antiquaries.  They  arc  how- 
ever, chiefly  confined  td  the  author's 
perfonal  knowledge  of  the  opinions, 
cuitoms  and  ti'aditi9ns  of  the  common- 
people  in  the  northern  counties,  which, 
while  it  eftabliihes  their  authenticity  fo 
far  as  they  go,  muft  fieqtflarily  detrc^t 
from  their  claim  to  be  confidered  as  a 
general  work  upon  the  fubjtft.  We  may 
fllorlly  expeft  much  curious  information 
fromMr.  Boucher  of  Epibm,  whole  Provin- 
cial Gloffary  will  probably  foon  make  its 
appearance. 

In  the  mzan  time  give  me  leave  to . 
occupy  a  corner  In  your  Magazine,  with 
a  f(^w  queries  on  a  cufton:,  with  which  I 
remember  "to  have  been  much  ftruck 
during  my  refidcnce,  twenty  years  ago,  in 
Lane aih  ire  ;  which  ufed  to  be  the  terrpr 
of  the  infirm  and  the  timorous  ;  but 
which  has  of  late  been  wifely  checke<i  by  . 
the  f  ivil  magiitrate,  as  a  rude,  indecent, , 
and  dangerous  praflice.  I  refer  to  the 
liftings  which,  prevailed  in  Manchefter, 
Bolton,  Warrington,  and  the  adjacent 
country,  to  what  extent  I  know  not,  on 
Eafter  Monday  and  Tuclday.  On  the 
former  of  thefe  days  the  women,  on  the 
latter  the  men,  forming  parties,  of  fix  or  . 
eight  each,  furrounded  evt*ry  one  of  the 
oppofite  lex  whom  they  met,  and  lifted 
them  thrice,  not  very  gently,  above  their 
heads  into  the  air,  with  loud  ihouts  oiir 
each  elevation.  I  have  often  esquired 
into  the  original  of  this  ftrange  ceremony ; 
but  it  feemed  to  bear  the  fame  teftimony 
to  its  antiquity  which  Mr.  Brand  alleges 
refpe^tng  moft  of  the  cuiloms  of  the 
common  people,  that  it  has  *<  outliveil . 
the  general  knowledge  of  th^  very  caufc« 
which  gave  rife  to  it/*  • 

Mankind,  indeed,  are  naturally  prone 
to  invint  caufes  for  any  appearanpe^ 
rathei'  than  fubmit  to.  cpnfefA  their  igno-> 
ranee  i  I  have,  accordingly,  heard  many 
reafons  afiigned,  none  of  whi^h  appeared 
to  me  at  all  likely  to  be  t^c  true  pne.  Some 
have  faid,  that,  like  the  pafte  or  pafehe- 
«gg>  *t  ^a«  V»  en*bl04T&  of  the  refifire^lion 
of  }efu8  Chrift;  -but  it  can  hardly* be 
thought    thit   a  fa6l,   which  chriilians. 

P  OblHvitfons    on  {^o^la't  Antiquities^, 
preface,  p.  i. 

N  n  »  celebrate 


Cujfm'ofi  Lifilnij9  l^mAMri^ 


a;* 

celcbi^tc  as  the  foiindatibn  of  .tJicurnjpH 
glorious  hopts,  fhouJd  be  comnoemoratcd 
ill  fo  Itidlcroiis  and  indecent  a  way  : 
cfthcrs  have  therefinrc  fuppofed,  that  it  was  • 
originally  a  pagan  ceremony,  deljigncd  to 
ridicule  the  chrjftian  doflrine  of  a  refur- 
rt£lion ;  but  this  \%  illll  more  unlikely, 
as  ft  cannot  be  imagined  that  chridians 
would  adopt  a  cuftom  cxprefsly  intended 
to  cxpofe  themfelvev,  and  the  moft  eflential 
doftrmc  of  their  refigion.  A  third 
obinlon  is,  that  it  was  mtroduccd  by  the 
Frot(^llants  fo  ridicule  the  elevation  of 
the  hoft  in  catholic  churches.  Bat"  it 
roi^ht  have  been  expef\cd  that  a  cufl^om . 
of  fo  late  a  date  would  have  had  the  time 
and  thecccafion  of  its  introdudiion  noticed 
t«r  fbme  hillorical  or  topographical  writer; 
bHides,  why  ihould  this  be  done  at  £aftcr» 
rather  than  at  any  other  time  of  tlie  year  ? 
Hot  to  fiiy,  that  iu  any  one  of  thefe  three 
cafes,  it  is  likely  that  the  ceremony 
would  have  been  accompanied  by  the 
repetition  of  (bme  memorial  verfe  or 
verfes.  And  what,  in  any  of  them, 
,i1touid  lead  the  men  and  women  alternately 
to  take  liberties  with  each  other  > 

On  removing  into  Northumberland,  I 
fotind  a  cultom  in  the  city  of  Durham 
ifirikinglycorrefpondent,in  thislaft  parti- 
cular, with' the  Lancafli ire /j^r//;^/.  Mr, 
Brand  (p.  254..)  defcribes  It  thus.  "  There 
is  a  cultom  ftiil  retained  in  the  city  of 
L|t:rham  on  thefe  holidays  j  on  one  day 
tHc  men  take  off  the  women's  fhocs  *, 
which  are  only  to  be  rtdctnicd  by  a  prp- 
ient  ^  on  the  next  day  the  women  take  off 
the  men's  in  like  manner." — He  refers, 
in  the  fame  place,  to  Durand's  I^itual 
of  the  Romifli  Church,  1.  6.  p.  g6.  9. 
♦•  In  flerijfue  etiam  regiontbus  ptulurcs 
fecunda  iHe  foft  pafcba  'verherant  marifcs 
/uos'i  dti  riero  tcrtla  marili  uxor es  funs. 
On  the  fecond  day  of  Eafter  the  women 
hMt  their  hufbands  j  on  the  third,  .the 
hu^nds  their  wives/* 

Prcm  this  it  appears  that  the  eflt-nct  of 
aft  fhcfe  three  cuftoms  confifls  in  the  t^vo ' 
fe«e$r  exprefling,  in  diffnent  ways,  their 
lenic  or  lome  mutual  grud^  aeilnft  each 
ether.  But  what  ran  this  bf  \  w  why 'at 
Kafter>— Is  it  poffible'that  it  rai)  havc^ 
any  reference  to  the  traditftvn  oJF  the  full 
being  occafionrd  by  the  fan  If.  of  the  ^^ 
woman,  and  to  the  remedy  for  the  con- 
fe^-iences'of  this  ciitaftrophe  In  the  iviur- 
reJtigh  ?  This,  however,  would  .  upt,. 
furely,  be  an  evidence  of  any  great 
pnofieTeney  iti  the  cluiflian  fpi;k  of  for-. 

*  Mr.  iBfindisnot  Vi^ly  iiiy.teiAu^k^ 


bcaiance,  for  the  two  ic^et  to- qianeV 
and  endeavour  to  throW'thcbjijhe.oiicacbL 
other..  B^ildesy  the  circun^ancc  ol  the 
women  beginniog^  firft,  does  npt  km:X9 
favour  this  {iippolition*. 

Will  you  allow  me  to  requeft  the  at- 
tention of  your  Lancaihirc  con^fpQodcat& 
to  this  fubjc£(  ?  Perhaps  (oine  of  tban. 
may  have  heard  explanations  of  this 
ftrange  cuilom,  which  may  aot  haftfiika 
in  the  way  of  youi-'s,  ^c.  V.  F* 

Eafiir  tuefdty^  jfril  xp*  lyj?^ 

Td  thi  Etntmrrftbe  MnMjf  Magmdiu. 

SIR, 

AMONG  the  different  ufcfiil  inftitn. 
tions  which  have  been  noticed  in 
your  Magaiine,  I  am  farprll'ed  to  find 
that  no  mention  has  been  madt  of  Anigr^ 
fin's  Tnflittttion,  or  7Bf  New  Schodoffhi'- 
lofopkyt  ArtSt  and  ManufaBura%  cfia. 
bli&ed  in  this  city. 

This  ^  inftitution  was  founded  about 
two  years  (incc,  by  the  late  John  Andcr, 
fon,  who  was  PiX)fcffor  of.  Natural  Pbi- 
lofophy  in  our  univerfity  for  more  thaa 
40  fears,  and  whole  name  ib  well  kno>x>-n 
in  mo^  parts  of  Europe,  particularly  as 
the  inventor  of  the  flying  artillery  f. 
This  gentleman,  coniidering  that  the  fla- 
tutes  and  difcipUne  of  the  univerfity  cut 
off  from  opportunities  of  acquiring  uibful 
knowledge  one  half  of  the  fpecies,  fiz. 
the  fair  icx ;  and  reflecting,  likewiie,  that 
the  knowledge  taught  in  fimilar  feniina- 
ries,  is  more  fitted  for  the  education  of 
thofe  intended  for  the  learned  profellioos, 
than  for  peifons  defigued  for  manufac- 
turers and  commerce  5  he  had,  for  many 
years  before  his  deafb,  been  digeftiog  the 
plan  of  an  inftitutidn  which  rai^l^  be 
attended  by  gentleimn  intended  lor,  or 

•  Can  it  paroike  in  any  rcfpcil  of  tbt 
nature  oi  the  SaturnaHa  ?  A$  in  thefe  the 
Haves  h^d  a  privilege  of  uking  rreedoms  ^ith 
their  cuiie::»t  fa  oa  tlieie  occ«itom  is  it 
poUiblc  thai  the  \foaiea  may  have  avaitei 
tiieml'clves  of  the  opportunity  of  sfltrnsj 
their  ecjuaiit)  with  the  other  fcx. 

f  The  luethoit  pf  prevention  l^  rccoti, 
and  confci^uently  iipTtUil^iog  the  w«i^to}' 
grc.vt  jiuns.  was  cgmoiucicatsd  ti)  the  Al^iicr 
General  of  the  Ordnance  by.  PrOfcflpr  Ani:r- 
fon;  hue  the  d?ffOVCry'\vas  trqatc6,  by  the 
r.otiir  Duke,  vritf  a  degree  of  c6ritcir.pt, 
whitb*  Irrit^itei}  '^r.  A.  'and  ^id^Cecf'hltD  to 
cofrtKWfiiciU  ^tB«  i*Veiiti6ii-  io^'fae  Frcach, 

was  iininediAttJyap{ito»d^,:'aa<l^ado^c^jr 
^'k.^iXJ^nij  mi.  4)«A in  pn^tB.  hf  DcmoX^ 


Pbihfiphieal  LeOnrn.,  BTa-  in  Glafgm. 


VS. 


o6es  tent  firom  the  ^amns%r-i(;hool  to 
the  cc«mting-lloure,  without  harlpg  op- 
jiorcunity  to   ac<)uire  that   information 
which  would  eaabU  them  to  fill  up,  in  a 
rational   and   agreeable    manner,    thofe. 
houn  w^cb  every  one  mud  fiod  upem-  ■ 
IMloytd  ia  bufinefft,  undwho  ai«  likewife 
ignorim  of  the  prin(:iples  on  which  their 
manufaAarci  depend,  and  therefore  inca* . 
p^bJe  of  improving  them. 

He  lamented  sllb  the  frivolons  educa* 
tlon  of  the  female  part  of  the  community, 
who  are  undoubtedly  equally  capable  as 
the  men  of  acquiring  kjiowledge,  if 
they  had  the  fame  oppoitimitieir,  aoui  who 
would  thereby  become  rational  compa<«. 
loom,  inilead  of  pretty  playthings  for  the . 
other  fe;t. 

By  a  deed  of  fettlement,  Mr.  Anderfun 
difpofed  and  conveyed  his  property  of 
every  kind  to  the  public,  for  the  improve- 
ment  of  fcience,  and  the  eftabliQimeat  of 
an  inftitution  denominated  '*  Anderfon^s 
UaiverCty,'*  to.  be  fuperintended,  by 
eighty-one  tnittees ;  confifting  of  the  nine 
following  claiTes  :  ift,  tradeimen' — %d, 
agricultUrllb — 3d,  arliiU — ^^th,  manu- 
faifturers — 5th,  phyficians  and  furgeons 
—5th,  lawyers — 7th,  divines — 8th,  natu- 
ral philofophers — 9th,  kinfinen  of  the 
founder. 

Thefc  truftees  hold  their  meetings 
quarterly,  on  the  equinoxes  and  the  Ibl- 
ftices  J  but  the  ordinary  bulinefs  of  the 
inliitution  is  conducted  by  nine  managers, 
cbofen  annually  irom  among  the  truftees, 
and  who  meet  once  a  month,  or  oftener, 
if  nccelfary  •  '  On  tht  death  or  relignation 
of  any  trullee,  his  place  is  fiUecf  up  by 
the  clafs  to  which  he  belonged. 

A  charter  was  lad  year  granted,  in  fk/- 
vour  of  the  tiuftees  of  this  inftitution, 
iweftin^  them  with  corporate  powers. 
To\varUs  the  eftabli/hmcnt  of  it,  the 
learned  profeflbr  left  the  whole  of  his 
iraluable  aji^^MuratuSyConfeflTedly  thelargeft 
in  Britain,  together  with  hit  library  and 
muieum,  among  wiij^  is  an  excellent 
col  led  ion  of  mmerals,  the  value  of  all 
which  muft  exceed  3000!.  ftei-ling  I 

Th*  original  plan  of  the  inftitution  is 
very  extenfive,  but  it  being  as  yet  in  its 
infancy,  It  has.  Been  fouiid  imyoUtic  to 
cftablif!^  the  foundation  upon  the  ample 
bafis  1^4  «Ut  by  the  Jeafiied  profei&r  | 
and,  therefore,  pftjy  %;j|  paifti  ftf  it  JiftVe 
bemLf  ;^FCk4  ntfft;<Pt^i»ttf)8.At  appeared  -to 
the  truftec9tb«JX)od  uic^«.      . 

Vr4.0A9,HikTfU^J^^(Sar  of  phfylltl^ 
and.  philpftphfi:-  fiv^s  fliree  ^  differeht^ 
^.3Urfc»  ?£  lefttijf»,.-*Th«e  ftfft,  op  rtcde-; 


rimsnt^l  phlfoibphy,  and^  the  (e^ond,  .en 
chcmiftry.  Thefe  le£liu-es  are  delivered* 
in  the  evening,  and  made  as  popular  9$^  . 
pofllble)  all  abftraft  mathematical  i?ar. 
ibning  bein^  excluded,  and  the  proppt*. 
tions  demonstrated  experimentally.        .    , 

Every  morning  a  third  cqur^  is  4e-^ 
livered,  in  which  the  princioles  of  nunn* 
ral  philofophj  are  fully  <!emonftrated»« 
both  mathematically  andexperimenuUirf  1 
and  afterwards  their  application  to  thL 
various  arts  and  manu»51iues  .panicu*»>^ 
larly  pointed  out ;  the  diffei-ent  proceJTeA, 
peri ormed  before  the  Ihidents,  and  the: 
different  kinds  of  machinery  iUiUliatal 
by  working  models. 

Theie  le£lures,  dur^g  the  laft  year^j 
which  was  the  firft  feHion,  weie  atteododU 
by  975  ladies  and  gentlemen,  and  the! 
prefeiit  feilion  by  nearly  .th^  faine  Buobcx^ 
one  half  at  leaft  being. ladies. 

This  inftitution  is  as  yet  accomo^,. 
dated  onlv  in  a  tempora^  maqner,  ia. 
fome  public  building;  of  tnis  city,.biit,> 
the  truftees  have  it  m  contemplatioa  toti 
ere£l  a  college  in  a  central  Htuation* 

If  limilar  inftitutions  were  to  be  cfc- 
bliihed  in  other  large  manufa^i«-ii»i 
towns,  much  benefit  would  be.  derive^* 
from  them}  and  it  is  evident  that  thfij 
chief  expence  of  their  eftabliihnient  wouUr 
be  the  p\irchafe  of  an  apparatus,  iince 
the  lecturer,  if  properly  encouraged*-, 
would  derive  confider^ble.  emoluxneot. 
from  the  leAures. 
GUiJgow,  Afriitt  1793.  T.  T, 

For  the  Monthly  MagaztMim 
On  the  Poetry  of  SPAnr.    ' 
(Cen.'IudeJ  from  our  hfi.  ] 

THE  iecond    volume    contai|is 
*<   Sel'va  Miliary  Politica^^^   *^  4 
work  (fays  Don  Juan  de  Sedano)  truly 
mafterlyand  unique  in  its  kind(  it  in  our 
moft  celebrated  and  moft  ufeful  dida£lic 
poem.*'    It  fhould  be  remembeied,  tliat^ 
when     this   panegyric     was    publilhe^-   . 
Yriarte  had  not  \vritten  his .  adniikT4)S 
poeih  upon  mufic  :    <<  wUh  ipopii^parable  -, 
ikill,  and  fingular  genius  to  lay  downj^e 
rules  and  precepts  of  military  duty,  and. , 
of  the  molt  found  polic)rV'    The'  **  Art . 
of  WttiTiii  Rcbolledo  will  not  bear  com* ., 
parifon   with   Mr.    tawcett's  excellent/, 
poem,  a  woi-k  vt/hicl^  \x  would  be. unjuft.. 
to  nniention  Without  the  hj^heft'  ^gprbba-  ,> 
tion  :  yet. is  it'refjp^ftaile  both  forppetry... 
andmdAliiy,*  when  we  recoiled,  that  it\. 
has  been  written .  fjearly,  a  c^tyr^  8^  * 
'hadf;  ahd  that  it^  atiuiof.vv45  iiiount^nd  - 
ai^  ambaiTador* 

TliU 


tiie. 


276 


P»etry  iff  Spain, 


This  pofni  begins  with  tht  exiftence  of 
Goil,  an  explanation  of  the  trintty»  the 
biftoiy  of  the  devil,  an  account  of  chaos* 
of  the  creation  and  fall  j  the  progrtft  of 
icciety  is  then  defcribed,  and  ReboHedo 
aliens,  that  diiltn^ions  vrere  firft  made  by 
nature}  who  gave  a6live  and  enterprifing 
minds  to  the  lulers,  and  fitted  the  others 
for  fubje6iion,  by  making  them  ftupid, 
bdoleat,  and  contented.  If  indolent  and 
Gontented  ftupidity  Hiould  charaClerife  the 
^verned,ancl  a^i ve  and  cnterprifm?  minds 
were  deftgned  by  nature  to  rule,  tSis  fyl- 
tem  has  been  ftrangely  inverted. 

The  author  next  examines  the  various 
forms  of  government,  and  points  out  the 
iaconvcniences  of  all.  He  allows  the  dan- 
gers of  monarchy,  but  obfcrves  that,  in  a 
chriftian  ftate,  thefe  dangers  are  not  to  be 
feared.  The  right  divine  is  afferted,  and 
as  the  confummation  of  this  policy,  we 
have  immediately  thcart  of  war. 

To  this  poem  fixicen  little  pieces  are 
added,  each  containing  fome  example  from 
faifto^.  One  of  theie  is  upon  the  death 
o^  Urtahi^nd  it  concludes  tnus :  "  if  good 
kiitgs  can  aft  thus  wickedly,  what  ought 
we  not  to  f5Bar  from  tyrants?**  Perhaps 
Kcbolledo  had  feen  Algernon  Sidney  at 
Copenhagen;  for  this  and  the  following 
poem  feem  more  like  the  lentiments  of  ^n 
Sngliflunan  at  that  period,  than  of  a  Spa- 
niard. 

Not  long  this  fearful  confllft  fhall  endure, 
That  anna  the  earth  with  light*ning,  that 

o^crfpreads 
Earth  with  fts  horrors,  making  the  firm  globe 
Tremble.     Not  long  thefe  terrors  (hall  en- 
dure, 
That  feem  ac  they  anpjITd  the  firc&  of  heav'n, 
For  night  approaches  now,  prefcrving  night, 
And  war  will  fleep  indarknc(&  But  the  chief 
StretchM  forth  his   hand,  aad  Uodc  the  fua 

ftand  ft  ill 
On  Glbcon;  **  and  thou,  moon,  c*cr  the  Vilc 
Oi  Ajalon,  till  vengeance  be  complete  "' 
And  wherefore  did  the  harmonics  of  heav'ii 
Cealeat  the  voice  of  Jofhiu  ?  The  Moft  High, 
lie  who  Is  Juft,  fufpcndcd  naiure's  laws, 
Tfikt  kings  might  meet  the  meed  thty  me- 
rited. 

;  The  th,ir(J  volume  is  corapofed  of  reli- 
gious pcems,  chiefly  paiaphiaiicd  from, 
tnc  bible  J  among  .thele  are  vcifiop**  of 
the  pfalms,  of.  th^  W>k  of  Job,  iipd  /j£ 
the  Lamentatipns  pf  Jeremiali.  Th<;Ji:  he,' 
dedicated  to  Chriftina,  qucco  of *Swc4en  j,' 
ana  ,  the  Spanifc  editor .  fays,  they  ,may 
greatly  have  contributed  to  the  converfion. 
•f  that  princel's  %o  the  CatJiolic  faith.  His 
Y^riioa  of  the"  Lamentations  concludes 
w.th  the  doxolcgy,  jmd  w.ti;  a  dcclitfaLon 


that  he  lays  it  at  the  fext  of  tbo  chtirch 
with  all  catholic  obedience. 

In  this  voluttie  the  kiftoryof  the  "  Seu) 
^efiamenf  is  thrown  into  a  facM  Idy- 
lium.  He  commences  it  by  faying,  that 
the  myfteries  of  our  redemption  are  pro- 
perly concealed  in  the  (acred  books,  leil 
theyihonld  get  into  the  profane'  hands  of 
the  vulgar:  and  the  introctu^lion  con- 
chides  thus ;  <*  ye  who  heard  the  profane 
thoughts  of  my  firft  follies,  hear  now  my 
laft  accents,  though  not  fo  poetiod,  much 
more  pious."  He  then  explains  how  the 
word  w.is  united  to  the  flelh  hjrpoftati- 
cally;  and  this  is  a  fine  inftance  ot'  ikitfif* 
auipedalia'verhaf  as  it  has  a  whole  line  to 
itfelf,  *«  hipoftaticamente/*  The  Fran- 
cifcan  dogma  is  elucidated  by  the  ufual 
comparifon  of  the  fun -beams  pafiing 
through  glafs  ;  and  by  another,  which  I 
do  not  recoUeft  elfewhere  j  *•  it  the  deW 
falls  upon  the  earth,  without  diftvirbing 
the  air.'' 

The  "  Scivas  D^nicaj"'  fill  the  laft  vo- 
lume, a  genealogical  (>oem  upon  the  fuc- 
ceilion  of  the  kings  of  Deamark.  This 
work  I  have  never  feen. 

Such  are  the  works  of  ReboIIedo,  who 
"  to  the  manners  of  a  Chrittian  andtf  a 
eav/tltn-j  unitrd  the  virtues  and  endow- 
ments that  conftitute  a  hero  j  fuch  as  jw- 
bilitfcfblooJy  and  good  fortune  imhh  under  * 
takings  I  and  here  (fays  Sedano)  I  will  no 
longer  delay  a  reflection,  that  has  often 
occurred  to  me  in  colle£^ing  the  memoirs 
of  our  illuftrious  Spanifh  poets ;  and  diat 
is,  that  the  epithet  illuftrumj  is  perfeAly 
applicable  with* regard  to  their  blood; 
not  that  this  is  any  recommendation  of  the 
intriniic  merit  of  tne  fciences  t  but  becauie 
it  confiniw  the  opinion  ot  thole,  who 
think  that  good  blood  and  an  illuftriofos 
education  contribute  to  a  love  of,  and' 
profifrefsi'  in  letters.  *  He  then  flow^,  that 
it  is  not  abfolutely nec^ffary  that  agood 
poet  flioukl  be  poor.  T.  Y. 

TOUR  OF  ENGLAND,. 

(continued). 

Journal  of  a  Tour  through  almoft  every  county 
in  England,  and  part  of  Walcs)  by  Mr.  Jons. 
HousMAN,  of  Corb^.  near Cirliile }  vfco 
M-Hs  cnj^a-ed  to  malce  ehcTour  by  amende-: 

•  man  of  dilKnAbn,-  fof  the  po^^ole  of  ccf* 
leding  aothtintte:  iiiforifisd«n  tehitive  M 

•  the  ibtc  of  ftie  portf.      The  Joorctal  eom- 
prifes^fi<aceoirat*ofthc  tenerol -appevaiice 

•.bix\yc  c4Miii«y».^f  ^h«A>VU  fwtfrc^  build* 
.  ings,,  4cc*  '  ntisj^  a(bf«f«aUOBS  aBspiltaalf 
copQmtrdali  &o^,.w^..  ;\     -».,.   •.-.,■ 

SEPTBMBfiJli  sd,-jpdc^t9^yai54ht^ 
Goben,  in  Northamptonlhire,  four 
miles.     The  foU  ratbfr  light  j    Iwtaca 

rifcs 


Mr.  HtuJtmarCt  Ttur  through  Northamptonjhire. 


277 


rifes  here^nd  there  in  gentle  fwells.  A 
gieat  deal'  of  common  fields  ia  thie  dif- 
triA  i  the  prodxtcej  sod  rotatiga  of  crops, 
as  mentioned  in  the  account  of  Rode.  In 
thufe  parts  where  the  land  is  inclofed,  the 
fields  and  hedges  are  beautiful,  and  feve- 
ral  trees  rift  on  the  latter.  The  iheep,  in 
this  part  of  the  countjs  axe  foraething  like 
^hofe  of  Berkfliire;  they  are  very  fmalJ,with 
white  or  yellow  taces»  but  fome  have  black 
face»  and  honis%  Thefe  animals  the 
fanners  find  very  ufeful  in  improving  their 
land  i  they  are  pained  or  hurdled  on  fal- 
Jows  every  Jiigkt,  from  the  middle  of 
March  to  the  middle  of  O^lober,  to  which 
they  become  fo  accuftomed,  that  they  go 
to  their  nightly  confinement  with  the  ut- 
moft  compofure,  and  ieeming  content. 
The  hurdles  are  ihifted  ev^y  day,  and  as 
foon  as  a  courfe  is  gone  through,  the  land  is 
plougHedover,  that  the  nutrition  may  not 
evapoi:ate,  or  waftci  with  the  a£lion  of  the 
fun  and  air«  Yardly-|;(^en  is. a  fmalL 
village,  inhabited  by  farmers  and  lace- 
makers.  The  buildings  are  low,  generally 
made  with  ilone,  and  thatched.  Farms 
are  from  40L  to  lool.  a  year  ^  rent,  18s. 
or  aos.  per  acre.  The  fields  were  inclofcd 
fotn£  years  ago,  and  the  number  of  fmall 
farms  decreaitd.  Moft  of  the  land  in 
thefe  difiri^s  belongs  to  great  proprietors, 
which  circumftance  renders  the  number  of 
open  fields  a  matter  of  ftill  greater  wonder. 
Northamptonfhire  is  a  ccmfiderable  corn 
county  i  but  towards  Leiceftei'fhlre  the 
farmers  graze  mod  part  of  their  grounds ; 
the  ground  Items  generally  deep  and  ftrong. 
la  this  county  I  did  not  obferve  a  hill  of 
any  magnitude :  the  open  fields  g^ve  it, 
in  Come  places,  arathernaked  appearance  ^ 
there  are,  however,  fevcral  very  woody 
diiiri^s.  Agriculturalimprovemcnrs  are 
making  fbme  advances,  but  much  remains 
to  be  done.  The  manufafturc  of  face  is 
carried  on  to  a  great  extent  in  thii  county, 
ami  affords  a  much  more  lucrative  employ 
to  the  wr}men  than  any  fort  of  fpinning' 
with  which  their  time-  is  occupied  in  nv)S 
of  thenorthem  counties :  lace-makers  will 
earn  is/or  is.  2d.  a  day  j  while  fpinners 
can  (Varcely,  with  much  greater  exertion, 
make  ^d.  or  4d.  a  day, 

September  4. — ^I  went  from  Yardly- 
^^oben  to  Buckingham,  10  miles.  The 
foil,  a  Arong  clay  ^  the  produce  is  wheat, 
beftns>  barley,  and  oats.  Large  trafts  of 
comraoD  or  open^elds  often  prefent  them* 
fclvp*'  ki  tftiff  jo\\i*tttY-  the  *o«i«  pretty 
ghodf  p«»fcFy  rtiftdrwitfc  flinty  gravel,  and 
partly  with  whitifh  freeftone.Thefurface  is 
uif^t'rtl  in  ftme  pirt$,  Wt  la  others  qnit* 


level :  it  is  rather  a  woody  country  than 
othcrwfe,  and  very  beautiful  towaids 
Stony  Stratford.  I  croiledahe  brt^^, 
and  dined  at  Stony  Stratford,  on  my  way 
to  Buckingham.  The  town  confifts  of 
one  long  ftteet,  and  is  not  remirkable  for 
any  thing,  except  its  being  a  great  tho- 
roughfare from  London  to  Cheftcr,  Inp- 
land,  &c.  and  the  manufactory  of  lace  in 
common  with  the  neighbouring  country. 
Here  the  fheep  and  hories  again  entertain 
rae  with  fuch  mufic  as  their  numek-ous  • 
bells  afford.  Buckingham  being  the  "" 
county  town,  I  expected  to  have  found  It 
a  place  of  fome  confequence,  but  was 
much  deceived  :  it  is  a  very  fmall  meanly 
built  place,  and  (lands  in  ^  hole  ;  feveral 
of  the  houfes  are  thatched,  and  fome  of 
the  ftreets  unpaved :  the  number  of  in- 
habitants about  2000.  Juft  before  I  en- 
tered the  town,  fuppoling  I  was  going  into 
fome  large  village,  lalkeda  la1x)urer  the 
road  to  Buckingham  ;  he  only  anfwer^ 
with  a  fmlle.  I  repeated  the  interroga- 
tion, and  the  man  Ijpcing  me  in  earneff, 
pointed  to  the  town,  and  faid,  "it  is 
there."  The  appearance  of  a  fine  large 
church  partly  confirmed  his  aflrrtion, 
otherwifc  I  fhould  have  fufpefted  the  fel- 
low had  impofed  on  me.  Buckingham 
is  furrounded  with  high  grounds,  and 
different  open  fields  come  up  almott  clofe 
fo  the  town :  a  fmall  river  winds  about 
fome  parts  of  it,  and  foi-ms  a  fine  termin- 
ation to  Ibme  beautiful  and  pleafant  gar- 
dens. I  have  lately  noticed,  that  vine* 
planted  againlt  the  walls  of  houies  anfwer 
well  in  thefe  parts ;  but  upon  the  walU  of 
cottages,  about  the  flcirts  of  this  town^  it 
isiurprifing  I o  fee  fuch  a  number  of  large 
bunches  of  grapes  difphyed  there  by  na- 
ture,  with  very  littitf  alfiltancc  from  art. 
Hop  plants  are  alfo  growing  oh  feveral 
hedges  in  this  neighbourhood,  without  the  * 
afhitance  of  the  planter.  Beabs  are  much 
cultivated  in  this  part  of  the  country,  par- 
ticularly in  common  fields,  and  the  cropa 
this  year  are  uncommonly  great.  The- 
inclofed  land  js  moftly  in  paibirage,  and 
cattle  and  ilieep  fattened,  thereon.  An, 
elegant  church  has  lately  been  ercfted .  on 
a  rifing  ground  in  the  fouth  fide  of  t;his 
town,  at  a  little  dirtance  from  the  fue  of 
the  old  church  j  but  the  pcopre  bury  at 
the  old  burial  ground.  Buckinghim  ii- 
not  a  place  of  muCh  trade  or  raanufaflure,, 
nor  does  any  great  road  lead  through  h, 
Parm^  in  this  neighbourhood  kt.  for 
about  lod.  peracrtf,  and  arc  of  ahnod  all 
fixes..  •  -       *     t 

(To  he  eontlnutd.)  *    *' 


'<V 


(    «7»    ) 


XK  tcm-jkon.  ApoFFmrECMs,  oBSERVAitONs  0*1  un  «m  Lircniu 

:*  TfTRr,   WITfT  EXTltACl^    FROM  ORIOtKAL  UVnitS,  OF  Tltt  LATI 
:    'JfdRjtCE'fKaPOLE,  EARL  OF  ORFORD. 


NUMBER  ir. 

rt   mtM 


'^^^'TBTi'Ar'ttcU  is  enrmumcatei  hy  a  Utei^afy  Gentleman^  for  mattf  years  m  hMtt  ofhamxj 

*  '  waifs' Mr,  WXt?0Lt.     Jt  is  fatthf'dravonvfjnm  a  coUt^fim  o/Sti^Aioetf  &c.  im  Us  not 
'     'Aatut-<vrlt'u»%  fartfyfrmi  AttecAtet  written  dnvn  Afi&  Urtg  CmverJatieHS  %Btth  &«»  ht  tz&fl 

*   ktxmmidf  pm/mtt^CUek  m  the  Aftdprntk^  tilltvn  in  the  Mkuhtg,  diffUflh^  trtafiara  tf 
"'tOmci/tie,  wki^^fkkh  btt  Rdtf,   tTU,  mad  Ofpcrtnmtks,  bad  rtfltt^  it  Mmerji   «ll 

•  >  ftiNfyfrm  Crigimai  LtUtn  tO'  $bi  Cmmfiier^ .  m  Juhjtas  of  Tdftt  and  Lkfrmare, 


€,  >  f*i.«tn 


ICf.  Onff  tlie  poet,  hat  often  obCcnfcd  to  me,  that,  if  any  man  were  to  form  »  hook  of 
wlut  he  hadfeen  and  heard  Uimfclf,  it  oiuft,  in  whatever  hands,  prove  a  moft  ufcful  %iA 
cntettainio^onc.  ffWfsle. 


.  ;  *  3mnr.  a  coNTEHt. 
•/A  Weiho^ift  in  America,  bragging 
JljL  honr  well  lie  had  inftrvAcd  Tome  In- 
iiatu  in  religioQ,  called  up  one  of  them, 
and,  after  ibme  qu  eft  ions,  afked  him  if  he 
sad  not  found  great  comfort  laft  Sunday, 
after  receiving  the  facnment.  "  Aye, 
mailer/*  repned  thefavage,  "  but  I 
;iHiihed  it  had  been  brandy.** 

XXVnU  AN  ICSORAKT  COMMVNN 
CANT. 

An  T^mn-sMitroldicrat  Qiiebec,  abfeiV. 
-bt^  ioAif  of  hit  eomradea  ftay  behind  him 
«t  dmrch,  aifccd  thrm,  m  their  comiflg 
«iie>  '^thtut  was  the  reafon  f  They  told  him 
jecrinrly,'fhat  the  parlbn  had  treated  them 
with  Tome  iMne.  •*  No  dther  liquor?" 
4£iy%*the  lellow.  Seeing  he  i'wailowcd  the 
•"Mt»  they  anAwered,  that  be  might  hare 
•4HiBt  lM|uor  he  chofe.  Next  Sunday  he 
Ibyedte-hcve  hi»  (hare$  and  whoithe 
^rgyawmaffbrfid  Mm  tbc  wia^  he  put 
QphivbaMlltfhie  head,  in  token  of  faiuta- 
f  ionv  and  faid  alodtM^,  **  Pfeafe  your  re^ 
^^erniMf  I  Ikoiild  jireier  poncb/* 

>fXIX."FItE»rOtfBt^tL. 

Ajnairrcd  French  lady,  who  had  an  in- 
Mtrlguc^  Ihilfted  on  having  her  lovcr-s  por- 
^tnai,  ITe  fcmohffrated  on  her  abfurdify, 
'and  falH  It  would  be  proclaiming  their 
Mainour.'  \  **  Oh,'*  faid  '(nt,  «  hut  to  pre- 
*ircnta  difcoVeryi' it  If^ill  hot  be  dmwn 

XXX,  COURT   POLITESSE. 

« '  iWIwi  Lonl'Towa^nAwaaitcretaiy  of 
itatt  to  Qtorge  the  Firft*  Jc^me  city4a9irs 
*:4aiai  to.Tifitlctiady*  with  whom  0te  w|is 
>4<ttla  acquainted.  1.  Meaning  to  be  ntighty 
i  CfvU,  tad  cetttrn  their.Y.ilCi*,  flie  aikf^ope 
-lil^theaaateateiived?  The  other. (*- j 
totted,    near   Aldermaabury.      <<  QH/* 

cried  Lady  Townfcnd,  «« 1  hope  the  Al- 

desman  is  wclL'* 


XXXt.  ROB  AUD  woa. 
Some  words  are  locaiiy  pcrvei  ted  to  has 
lenfes.  Hok  and  Noh  rnnft  \k  of  the  oumber. 
,  Lord  •  •  ♦  being  in  the  e«iiilltry,  and 
wiftiing  to  ihew  great  regard  to  a  raftic 
gentleman  of  fomc  influence^  he  was  in- 
vited to  dine,  along  with  a  mrnieroos  and 
eiegant  company,  and  placed  at  my  lady*! 
right  hand.  The  hidy,  in  dif  Ynidftof 
dinner,  called  for  a  gladfs  of  wiiic-to drink 
with  her  new  gueft,  awd  holding  it  towards 
him,  as  then  thei^ihton,  ikid,  **  Hob  aitd 
nob,  Mr.*  •  •."  The  gentleman  ftired, 
and  bluihed  up  to  the  eyes.  She  Ainklig 
it  vras  mere  timidity,  repeated  tile  wonis, 
and  the  gentleman  looking  if  poflible«Dore 
confufed,  (he  coloured  herlelt ;  when  be, 
after  much  hefitation,  whifpered,  ««  Ma- 
dam, oxcufeme,  but  I  never  hob  and  nob 
except  with  my  wife.'* 

XXXII.   DUCHESS   OP  BOLTOV. 

The  duchefa  dowager  of  Bolton,  wb« 
was  natural  daughter  to  the  duke  of  Mc9- 
mouth,  ufed  to  divert  George  the  Ftrft, 
by  afFe^liiig  to  make  blunders.  Oact 
when  (he  had  been  at  the  play  of  **  L^w't 
Loft  Shift,**  <he  called  it.  La  dermrrr 
Chemfe  de  V Amour,  Another  time  Ibe 
.jiretended  to  come  to  court  in  a  grca: 
tiright,  and  the  king  a&ing  the  cauie,  fte 
faid  fhe  had  been  at  Mr.  Whiftaii'%  who 
told  her  the  world  would  bf  buou  in  three 
yeanri  and  (oif  h^.  gait  (he  aoa^kuxmia- 
td-to^  to  China, 

xxxru.  Ta£  mng  ofbitlls. 

I  wUi^^  you  what  I  call  t£ekiqg  of 
buIUk  An  Iriib  hamyt,  wakUuag  cut 
mi^  ageiitltnpan,wiH»)Qki  roethe  Aory,«iS 
met  bXhi!^  nurfa,  who  iaqQci«d  diantj. 
Thebaianei  ^pti^vm^A  vahrmcmly^  '*! 
.^^XT.yoi^'iiodiii^.  yott.^l^iid«[« 
a  fcandaioua  JM*!^^  i  n^  ipy  infancy,"  T« 
cAd  woman,  in  amazemcAt^  afted  hia 

what 


Ifr^lfaima,  No.  IL 


^n 


iWcndy   •<  I  was  a  fin»»Wfi  sMd 


la  tbit'batt  cvm 
confounded  I 


ideauty  it 


XXXIT.    CONVENtBNT  COVKACB; 

A  certain  earf  ixariog'  boawi  Awteiiy 
Hcnlty,  at  Tu&bridgey  for  fomc  imper- 
tinence, the  next  day  found  Henley  beat- 
ing another  per(bn.  The  pert*  cong^tu- 
lated  Henky  on  that  acauiGtion  of  fpirit. 
"  O,  my  iord,"  replied  Henley,  "  your 
lardihip  and.  I  Juiow  whom  to  beat/* 

XXXV.    LORD  WILLIAM  POVLET. 

,  Lord  William  Poulet,  though  often 
chairman  of  committees  of  the  houfe  of 
coDimont,  was  a  great  dunce,  and-  could 
fcarce  read.  Being  to  read  a  bUl  for  na- 
turalising Jcmtma»  docheft  of  Kent,  he 
cMlcdiMr  Jmmiah,  dttchelsof  Kent. 

Having  heard  South  WaiU  commended 
€a€  rl|ic|iuig  fruit,  he  ihewed  all  the  four 
Ades  «f  his  garden  for  fouth  walls. 

A.ifentlema&  writing  to  deiire  a  fine 
hoH^hehady  offered  him  any  emdvaUnt. 
Ixird  WiUiiup  replied*  that  the  hocfe  was 
mt  his  fcrvice,  but  he  did  not  know  what 
to  do  with  m  eUpbanU 

A  pavphlec,  called  «  The  Smoke  in  ibi 

Grafs^''^  b«ing  morted  (probably  in  joke) 

to  Iwngn/eiirnby  tnit  IxMnd  William  Pou- 

lety  agendcnitn*  abufed  init^  fent  hixfi  a 

chalknge.    Lord  William  profefled  his 

ijanoceace»  and  that  he  was  not  the  author  j 

but  the  gentleman  would  not  be  fatisiied 

ivithosc  a  denial  under  his  hand.    Lord 

A^iliiam  took  a  pen»  and  began,  .«  This 

is    to  (cratify,  that   th^  buk  called  the 

Snak"— r"  Oh,  my  lord,"  faid  the  nerfon, 

*  *    I  am  /htlsfied  ;  your  lordfhip  nas  al- 

n^^dy  cdnvinced  me  you  did  not  write  the 

book.  * 

ICJKXVI.  LITTER  WRITTEN  SOON  AF- 
-riR  HORACE  WALPOLt,  BY  TH^I 
X>£ATH  OF  HIS  NEPHEW,  HAD  SUC- 
OEEPEO  TO  THE  TITLE  OP  EARL  OF 
ORFOJtlt. 

'    BnJdt^Jiputrtt  Dit,  »6, 1791* 

OSAk  SIR, 

^9  I  am  fure  of  the  iincerity  of  yo«r 
^^Tigratolatfons,  I  lee!  nrach  6bligca  by 
tacsn  $  thoujrii  what  has  happened  deflroys 
>y  tTvaqnoitty ;  and  if  what  the  world 
r<?]cons  advantages,  cood  compcnfate  the 
r dsof  peact  tad  eaie, ^(iroud  ill  indemnify 
:  ^-9  t?Tcn  tyy  ^iem.'  A  finall  tftair, 
»zx.«lcd  wiA  debt^  aikd  of  which  I  ^o  not 
rxcdcrfiand  the  mnftgeneit,  «id  am  too 
:  cl~  to  learn ;  A  foosce^lair-ftiita  aaoogft 
.^loatHtTMAO.  N^.  in. 


my , near  telaiiont,  thoU|^  not  affafting 
Jbef  cndlrls  tonver^itions  with  lawyers  t 
and  packers  of  iettvs  every  da)E.tp  nu 
and  aftfwer;  all  this  weigbjt  oTbufnaa 
Is  tooinuch  for  the  cag  «f  Ute  uiat.  yet 
bangs  about  mej  and  was  preceded  by 
three  weeks  of  anxiety  about  my  uafor* 
tunate  nephew,  and  a  daily  correfpeBA^- 
ence  with  phyficians,  an^T- mad.  d^tlors* 
calling  upon  me  when  I  had  been  out  of 
order  ever  fmce  July:  &ch  a  xnafi  of 
tmuUcamademe  veryleriovAy  Ul&rlbme 
days,  and  has  left  mif,  and  iiill  keepa  rot»  H^ 
weak  and  difpirited,  thai  if  lih^df  npt  fooa 
be  able  to  eet  fome  repofe,  my  poor  bead 
.  or  body  will  not  be  abU  to  refiit.  For  the 
emptv  title,  I  truft  you  do  not  fuppofe  it 
any  tning  but  an  incumbrance,  by  lard* 
ttig  my  bviy  mornings  with  idle  viiits  df 
interruptio&t  .and  which»  when  I  am  able 
to  go  out,  I  ihaii  be  forced  to  return. 
Surely  «o  man  of  fcventy-four,  *  unlrfa 
fuperannuated,  can  have  the  (malleft'tto- 
Aire  in  fitting  at  home  in.  his  0^11  rQottr» 
as  I  always  do,  and  being  called  by  a  new 
name.  -     > 

It  will  i^mperfonal,  and  imgratefM 
too,  to  have  laid  {o  much  about  my  qt% 
trift  fituation,  and  not  to  have  yet  thanked 
yoii.  Sir,  for  your  kind  and  flaUcria^offar 
of  lettinsr  me  read  what  you  have  finifiied 
of  youraiAorys  but  ifwaa  nacei&tfjr  tor 
npofemy  condition  to  yo«»  before  I  of  ud 
venture  to  acatpt  your  pnopofalt  when  I 
am  lb  vttariy  mcapabk  of  giving  a  qvaj?- 
terof  SB  homr  at  a  time  to  vdutf  I  kno«r 
by  my  acquaintance  with  your  works,  will 
demand  all  my  attantiony  if-  i  •  wifli.  to 
neap  the  pkeafure  they  we  formed  to  giM 
me.  It  ts  rotfft  true  that*  for  thtfe  lcv«i 
weeks,  I  have  aol  rnide  fovcQ  paf^a*  bot 
lettei^,  ftatts  of  aooMnUy  taiaf  to  be-laid 
before  iaw^fersy  accountsof  lmm>&«wte« 
andthofirlufajefttpmott^gfi*  Thtiaare 
my  mornings  occupied  s  m  an  f  vcniBg  my 
relations^  and  a  ^very  few  friends,  coma  to 
me  {  and  when  they  are  gone,  Ihave  about 
an  hour  J  to  midnight,  to  write  aafwers  to 
letters  for  the  next  day's  poft;  whicii  1 
had  not  time  to  do  in  jLhe  momiug.  This 
is  anally  my  cale  now  \  I  l^appexuid  to 
be  quittcfi  »t  teo  o*cloek|  and  I  ^ovd 
not  lofe  the  oppottumty  cf  thanking  yotb 
not  knowing  when  I  cbtid  commastt  AO* 
therhottr. 

I  wo«kl%f  no  mcmn.  brimdcf*0dd  to 
de:lme  your  obligii^  ofitT^  Sir.  Osiihf 
«<mtfary,  X  accept  it  joyfolly,  ilyMcaa 
tnaft  mt  with  voo^manvictxptibr  aMlt 
time,  ihood  I  nave  leifure  to  md  it  bot 
by  iiaall  fiiatches>w4udiwmiiAfaewroftg« 

O  o 


tmine^t  ftttiifn  Utnr^dr  im  Living. 


tm'm 


mfmf  nloirtlg'^«*ett  ^  flan  liappa 
<»cdm»tt>W»nf  ygo  wiH  indite  WW 
okllonl«9a«afythe  &me«dmberofyOTrt| 
ud  your  •btdieat  lumlik  fenrutt, 

Hon.  WALfOtl. 

[If  wifr  i  eonfiderabte  time  before  he 
wottJd  fign  Of/W,  or  cotold  ctfn  hear  hU 
ftyle  or  title  without  hcfiution.] 


i. 


.^i)iiiOINAL  ANECDOTES   AND   REMAINS 


XV,  -A 


OF 


;;        ••  *   SMINENT 

Si^Ae^otTSt  if-  rA*  Lives    and 

"  ilVnItlfittS    ft/   BmIJJEJJT    fORElGK 

«TK  ftottcing  Kriiig  German  no^bbutt 
JL  M$  foet  IttfUy  cltimt  the  ^-emU 
«eiMft$.  h»  m(ffiah    bcmt  tasMtnif 
Wf  unaiktAovt  iViiEra^,   the   Imft  epic 
poem   which  Germany  ever    proAiced. 
mtr%«*tiipe  of  Saxony,  and  received  hU 
«daca9bi^ft  in  the  Pforte,,  a  celcjMratrd  col- 
le«e  near  llautfibur^)    in  which  Gvis- 
•iiV^,  EaNBS^i,  Backius,  andfereral 
ildiercfBiMiit  literati  were  formed.     It  b 
n  «treumftaB£«  not  k&  authentic  than 
-fftfirthy  of  fwiirk,  that  this  great  man 
HBMify  arranged  the  pian  «f  hli  Mefliah 
dwiiiE^hia  fcfaool'ytars.    He  nrofecuttd 
Jyt  defign  with  indefattgaU^zaaU  and 
with  a  Aiceefr  ceminenlurate  to  the  care 
•id  abilitiee  La  caoerted  in  tfa»  completion 
ef  Ui  «drlc.    Notwithftanding  the  mttre 
Itt  ado^  <preitrriiigtke  m;^eftic,  the 
ioHwem^  ana  cxpreitre  hexamer^i:*  of 
Henicr>   id    )te    puerility   of  moctern 
xkfm^)   "Wai    entirely  new,  -  and  in  a 
intMifr  exotic  (q^  German  Terfificaitsos  i 
Ilia  JMBRsHk  na  fooncr  nuide :  ha  appear- 
n*cc^  ibtn  it  n^t  with  oenflral  appUioft, 
tnd^in  a  ilittt  time,  raited  his  repntatm 
to  a  hetgbt,  ^icfa  left  all  competitors  at 
«  hnpek&fdiftance ;  and,  aa  Wore  re- 
«Uii#Bdri  tanM  bisk  the  fiiil  epic  poet  of 
Ilit^natioitA  , 
.   BhOdfs.flaUt  peocjtuA  him  the 

.  „t  An  cmeKftfaincil-coatt^im^nt  i»  omitteJ. 

't  A  f^leaJid«t^tioo  of  *'  Klo*wocu.*% 
fiehT    aec<}|9p4Ak4'-wtth  fonpie  »iiMie»  and 

4a4ii>(|eoi(wsAvotfs.TVs  BQaTTiGS»,D.D^ 
.  f  rovoil  of  Weimar  coUege,  ^nd  counfcllor  o^ 
'  x^he  X^pnev  Confiii^nry.     Of  th^  me i  its  of  this 

grntlemAa,    19   the  tcpublic  of  IcL-crr,    we 

fljiiTJ  havfr  oo:aitdn  'to  fpeak  very  copioBdy 

hefcufter. 


PERSONS. 

feme  avowed  fupcriority  as  a  iyric  writer. 
They  dilplay  a  glow  of  imagination,  1 
jnftneft  of  conception,  a  bnliiancy  of 
diSVims  tmftttcred  by  rhyme,  ivhicb 
tmf  dtfpute  the  palm  of  pre-eminence 
with  the  hards  ot  Greece  and  Rww. 
Biit  great  and  otnnvalled  as  is  their  poetic 
excellence,  they  poiRfs  merit  of  •  ftt 
fuperiof  kind.  They  boaft  the  proud 
recommendation  of  moral  bea«ty,  in  the 
moft  extenfiiw  and  nncircumrcribed  ac 
Ceptation  of  the  term.  Many  of  them 
were  comp6fed  wirii  the  expirft  defign  of 
infpiring  his  countrymen  with  a  fpiritof 
true  patriotifm,  in  contradiftin8ion  to  tht 
narrow,  felfijb  ^oinm  rf  rmdem  f^in. 
He  endeavours  to  aronfe  their  moral  ena- 
gics,  to  render  them  frnftile  of  what 
they  ba*ve  hren,  and  what  with  viitww 
exertion  they  y/tay  hemne.  He  dHpiars 
hcfbtt  their  eyes,  as  txtr  incentive  to  Uudi- 
blc  amWtion,  their  nutural  prerDgatiw. 
and  (hows  at  once  the  gloiy  they  will  ac 
<juirc  by  making  regolstr  achrmcej  id 
mora!  excellence,  and  the  tgiiominy  thcf 
will  incw  by  ibthfcil  hriCthsn  and  di- 
ftardly  retreat.  H?«  popul«  •  drama, 
entitled"  ^BeBaHJeafHemuum;^  ^^orh 
an  inconteftibfc  proof  how  foccefefuHy  he 
has  thidted  the  fptrrt  and  nationil  cha- 
rifter  of  the  ancient  Germans,  dnring  tk 
fei«iof  the  Roman  emperort.    ^ 

Kl  OF  STOCK  has  ijicewiie  a  jwft  clwn 
upon  the  gratitude  of  his  c6mitrj[,  for  hat- 
ing firft  fug^ctted,  ahd  bj-his  own  example 
enforced,   the  necfeffity  of  aA  i«iJ>roTM 
fyftem  in  the  orthography  of  the  Grrmsn 
language.    His  propdih  Were  !»r,  w- 
deed,    adopted  inthei/  foil  extent,  bat 
they  led  others  taaiK*  their  attoion  <^ 
thU  oK}^,   and    are,   tVefefc><i^.W 
entitled  to  rhemerft  of  friViftg  p^-^^* 
highly  'itiftrumenf'ir-ln    e<^ 
■change  wHch  has  <?n'&^"tilren' pllte.    ■ 
■•*  Notwithftancfhjg^'^isS^tf  m^ 
tmxits  ih*^t"fie  m  tiii^^iptrt  t^W; 


afl^bdku.***ctmMt.Uri^ 


malt  <of  Itoakb.    >  For  tliifl  InoftireaWt 
hkf^,  iMct  to  B^od  coBiUKuliOB)  ii» 
ftai)^  indebtfld  to  bU  Ib-ift  aal  iNiiferm 
temperance,  addkd  ta  «  frM4«at  ufe  of 
cttrcife.     He  ridek  out  regularly  every 
morning}  and  will  leap  a  five-barred  gate 
with  all  the  fmpetuonty  of  youth.    Hit 
countenance  is  highly  pleadng,  and  rt- 
flefls  that  calm  trauquIUity,  that  divine 
peace  ot*  mind,  fo  forcibly  depi^ked  in  hit 
verfcs,  and  which  nothing  but  the  con- 
rciouliiefs  of  a  well  ipent  life  cUk  beftow. 
He  polTeiles  an  atr  of  dignity,  equally 
rMTiote  from  haughty  infoloncc  and  repui- 
^vereferve,  Which  commands   involun- 
tary refpeA  from  all  who  approach  him. 
His  converlation  i«  marked  by  the  fiune 
fententious}  .  yet   unaffcAed   coQclfeoeft^ 
^hich  characterizes  his  writings.  Among 
his  very  intimate  triends,  he  is  fometimes 
prevailed  upon  to  repeat  extra^^s  from  his 
poetical  works,  which  he  delivers  in  a 
tnoft  animated,    impreflive,  and  fieling 
.manner.     He  is  particularly  fond  of  lie- 
liear£ng  thoie  paflages  in  which  he  pavs 
n  tribute  to  the  virtues  of  his  decealed 
wife,  who  was  early  leparated  from  him  by 
Alcath ;  and  he  takes  a  pleafure  in  ihewing 
the  monument  which  be  hat  erected  in 
inemory  of   her,    and  of  the  infant  of 
•wham  (be  died  in  childbed. 

PofTefled  of  an  independent  fortune,  he 
is  relieved  from  the  painful  neceffity  of 
leaking  his  taknts  fubiervient  to  hit 
animal  wonts,  and  is  enabled  to  pafs  his 
days  in  the  fweet  converfe  of  the  Muies, 
and  to  purAse  the  £ivourite  ftudiet  to 
whicb  his  inclination  prompts  him.  The 
virtuous  Count  Beilnstorff»  formerly 
minifter  at  the  cour^  of  Denmark,  and 
uncle  to  the  lately  decea&d  miniiler  of 
<hat  namei  procured  him  a  penfton  from 
the  J>3nilh  montrsh,  to  which  he  added 
a  handCbmc  annuity  from  .his  own  pnrle. 
KlopstocKy  in  return,  undertoek  the 
soft,  of  reader  to  the  countwis.  On 
BcitNSTORFF'sdiii^al  from  court,  in 
confe^uence  of  the  appointment  of  Stev- 
£N5£B  and  Brand  to  the  adminiih-ation, 
K.LOPST0CK  occornpanied  his  patron  to 
Hamburgh)  wheie  niecpunt  died  of  vex- 
ation, and  chagrin,  at  the  very  moment 
he  was  recalled  to  refume  his  forxner  iita- 
^tion .  K  LO  r  s  TO  ci;  continued  for  'Upa^ 
tijuc  ^Q  ftfide  wi^  tW  4ow^^r  coynt^s  ^ 
but,  for  certain  reafon^s^  w^ic(i  we,  4o 
2>0C  think  our^ves  authorized  to  con^- 
fnei^t  upon*  .as, we  d^eip  xp  .imbccoming  (o 
q  lied  Loathe  propriety  of  a  la^dj^.t  conduct 
iipoa.  bare  n^port,  andKLop6.T0^K<was 
$00  sodhje-nunded  to  j^ve  fanAion  to  the 
^cMjrtt  in  circulation^   he  preferred  tp 


mMnmh^m  tlir  ib^f  ^rf;4i9  jAtf^ 
lieiiL,  and  retired  t9  e^ft^  th<9  6vtctiii.4f 
indf^d«M»4il'  Alfoip.  It  in^Jiowcvci^ 
but  juicier  to  obfenaty  nt  il  a$»mU«fi  ^ 
ditionul  wtiroof  of  tWaat^iraJ^  ffMid^  «f 
hMirt  mi  cyofftlan^  d^B^fit^ofty  wMio^^ 
Amigly  chvaaeriae  this  4i9niabk><^9i4 
(haft  KLOf  STOCK  h9«  newer  oqk*  fm 
plained  himftlf  ^pon  th^-Askji^'  hdT 
even  to  his  moft  intimate  friends*  '  lo^ 
deed  we  C9nfine  ouiieiveji  within  the  ftriil 
limiu  of  uuth,  vAkfA  weiRfir^^  jthaft  hn 
has  never  been  known  to  (peak  in  an^ 
ordifrclpe^iful  terms  of  any  perfpn,  with 
vthom  he  has  been  oonnrfied.  Mti^ 
lefs  has  he  deicended  to  the  naeaa  utMii^ 
iecret  d^tra^ion  and  nnonymouf  £»tire\ 
To  ium  up  the  catalogue  of  his  vktves. 
he  is  a  man  whom  envy  hetftlf  has  ^i^' 
attempted  to  fix  a  ilain  upon^  Hi;  (kifi 
enjoys  his  ponikm  fitm  the:P?intih  govern* 
mtntp  and  the  French  nrpublic  hat  -p^d 
hom^p  to  his  extraoniinary  verity  ky 
eomplinunting  hinr  with  00  right  cd: 
citizcnihip.  •  •' 

AftCHSaHOLZ  ^'7 

ISlikewi6  an  inhabinm  of  Altombt; 
and  a  writer  of  ^reat '  politieai  otdi^ 
brity  in  moft  countries  of  Kuiape^  *iii» 
M  IMtryoftbe  Se^tn  YetarU  Wmt^  m 
whicn  he  took  an  a^ive  part»  haringndie 
rank  of  eapuin  in  the  FrttOian  fisrvict, 
may  juilly  be  prtmtnmeed  one  of  tfar^bvft 
hiftorical  cowpofitions 'which  Qermaity 
canboaft,  ARca£NH0Lzreidtd4^v«rti 
years  in  this  country,  and  hit  i^  fiOitti 
(f  Eitt^andMdhafyy"  in  m^tehhefpeakt 
very  freely-of  the  degeneracy  and  fn^* 
cate  cbaraiSbr  of  the  modem  Romans, '  is 
highly  complimentary  to  the  ^e&iiz*  2nd 
manners  of.  tfreat  Britain.  AeMM^inuiu 
tt0n  of  the  above  work  'appeals  segoiariy 
fveiy  year>  vnder  the  titwiof  V  §M^ 
dmtiaU:  *  Aitc  H  EiiifO  Li  ^  it  liltowile 
editor  and  proprietor  of  a  relj^abie 
noQthiy  paWicatioay  vailed  ifae>  ^  Mr 


• vosa.   V   .♦  .\  .  t  - 

NOT  filr   fiam    Hamborghr  lA  the 

6nall'tovira  of  Eutin,  ii«eaV«»s^  a  poit 

pf  great  and  merited  reoutatiaff.^  Vods 

it  the  author  of  a  nvanber  hf  nea;t'and 

.  ... ,  ...  eleeaat 

^  Altana  is  Hkewife  the*  re^dencc^  of  M. 
.voM  &eH>lkAeH,  a-  wBritetf  M  cenritlersQle 
sbiHtlcs,  and  proprietor  tjf  the  *«  PoSfkel 
Jcumaii*'*  a  work  which  hdc  av^rj  «xlenfive 
tale  all  over  the  continent.  Tf.r  adioihiflg 
town  of  Hamburgh,  though  one  of  the  ^rft 
commerctal  cities  in  Europr,  ani  ■  of  corife- 
qiicnce  more  imneiiiatkly  under  the  aufpicet 
of  the  god  of  traffic  than  thc^  (bufct,*  msiA- 

tainS| 


I0t 


Zivmg  Gmfitn  ik^NuL 


cktfant' poems,  wWlh  vttoihfbiUl^itatt 
imd  uilmli-ed.    But  it  it  to  hit  Ihcompa-:. 
tMt  trlnilations  o(  Homer  and  Vti-gi], 
Hbt  be  ftands  indebted  for  that  high  me- 
nny  hmt,  which  he  fo  defenredly  ei^oyt. 
Without  the  iiighteft  wi(h  to  detraA  iirom 
the  itierits  of  our  Gountrymen,  Pope  and 
Brydcii,  It  is  but  juftice  to  acknowledge, 
that  their  verfions  of  Homer  nnd  Virgil  de- 
ierve  rather  tke  title  of  a  paraphrafe  than 
stranflation.  '  We  read  a  fine  ooem,  but 
.we  do  not.  recognize  the  exa«  fpirit  of 
tfaeorl^fnal.    Voss,  on  the  other  band, 
without  degenerating  into  inftpiditv  and 
ftrvile  imitation,  has  To  fcrupuloufly  ad- 
hfroi  to  the  fenfe  of  his  author,  that  be 
has  preferye«l  the  exaS  metre,  and  even 
Aeverynuniber  of  "yerfes  qf  the  original. 
Aid  jwt,  incredible  as  it  may  appear  to 
thoie,  V  ho  are  not  accjuainted  with  the 
German  language,  the  writer  of  this  ar- 
ticle iuiows  of  no  one  inilance,  in  which 
Vosj  hat  deti-afM   from  the  fire,  the 
brilliancy,  the  fpirit  of  the  Greek  and 
Roman  bards.     Voss,  feme  time  fince, 
entered  the  lifts  in  a  literary  conteft  with 
Frofei&r  Heyne,  of  Gottingen,  whofe 
edition  of  Vij^il  has  rendered  his  name  fa* 
miliar  to  the  uteratioi  this  country.  This 
conteft  has  been  maintained  with  ccnfide- 
raWe  acrimony  on  both  fides,  and-  gave 
occafion  to  a  very  cutting  epigramt  by 
SCHlLLEft-,  in  which  Voss,  having  been 
formerly  one  of  Heyne^s  pupils,  is  veiy 
ieircrcly  treated.    The  epigram  in  queftion 
it  inferted  in  whe  **  XeniaJ^"  a  work  which 
it  entitled  to  [Particular  notice,  as  it  has  . 
given  birth  to  a  paper  war  in  Germany. 
The  authors  of  there  bitter  epigrams  have 
nohh  difilained  to  ftob  in  the  oar  k,  andcon^ 
cem  tbimfelves  under  the  fqfeguard  of  tm 
anonymoits  fubiication.    Their  names  are 
pofted  and  prefixed  to  their  produfV  ions- 
names  of  no  Icfs  cekbrity  and  formidable 
import  than  Goethe  and  ScHri.LER.Thc 
eftablilhed  repntatioaof  thefe  two  literary 
champions  well  warrants  the  daring  confi- 
dence with  which  they  hurl  the  gauntlet 
ofdefiance,  and  hrandi(h  the  Tafh  of  Jatire 
in  the  open  face  of  day.     The  wounds 
they  infli^l  are  d<?ep,  and  rankle  fprely, 
infomuch,  that  the  "  XenieC^  have  called 
forth  no  lefs  than  thirteen  combatants  into 
the  field.     But  fo  far  from  being  able  to 
ftand  their  ground,  and  to  foil  the  Adven- 
turous duumviri,  'they  haVe  only  cxpoCcd 

tains,  notwithilunding,  no  contemptibie  rank 
in  the  republic  of  letters.  Among  pther  cmi^ 
ncnt  literary 'ch^raftersi  it  boafis  the  oamci  of 

BvisCH,    EbELIKG,    CmSTlNRltG,  Xmi-' 

Warvs,  &c.  &c. 


nieir*  own  mtibeciltty,  tBa  w>vid|lc4  ft* 
yttte  nta^i  tHnlft  the  inented  ridictie 
they-  hai^  entailed  upon  tiiemlehrefi  by 
their  liilile  attempts,  ferret  to  exhibit  tKs 
fuperiority  of  their  antagoniftsiaaiBore 
cimfjncwni^  light.  Icis,  lKmefcr,tobe 
regretted,  that  feveral  worthy  chariften 
have  been  wantonly  attacked  by  thefe  keen 
fiituifts  $  alineof  conduft  ivhieheeitun^ 
caimot  add  to  their  fcptntation. in  thecyci 
of  men  of  cool,  deliberate  judgment. 

Vois  has  lately  publiihed  ftjme  excellent 
IthrllsorPaftoraJt;  and  likewife  aben- 
tiful  poem,  in  fcVcral  eantot,  entitled, 
««  Louifar 

KICOLAI. 

THIS  vctwan  in  literature  is  a  natife 
of  Berlin,  where  he  ftill  refides.  He  is 
•a  fcholar,  an  author,  and  a  bookfeikr 
of  the  fM  eminence;  and  pethaps  no 
man  living  can  boaft  fuch  extennve  Uteniy 
cennezions  which  are  not  confined  to  lus 
own  country.  Nicolai  has  Imd  fixqn 
his  very  youth  in  the  ftrifteft  habits  of  in- 
timacy with  all  the  great  German  writers, 
among  whom  the  names  of  Lessivg, 
Moses  Mendbksohn*,  Escbenburg, 
Abbt,  Platner,  &c.  &c.  jultiycbiiq 
our  veneration  and  efteem.  In  conjunflioQ 
with  thefe  luminaries  of  fcience,  Nico- 
lai publiihed  hit  celebrated  **  Letters  e» 
Literature^''  (Litteratur^briefej)  whidi 
will  render  his  reputation  refpefUble,  as 
long  as  the  German  language  ihall  conti- 
nue to  be  fpokcn  or  read.  From  this 
publication  the  Germans  date  the  im- 
provement of  their  nation^  tafle.  His 
<'  Univerfal  German  Hiftory^^  (ABgemm 
Deutfcbe  Bibbotbek)  is  a  work  of  ftlil 
greater  merit  and  celebrity*  and  has  givtn 
birth  to  a  new  epocha  in  the  annals  of 
Geqnan  literature.  It  coafifts  now  isi  a 
great  number  of  volumes,  aod  afibfds  a 
gonvinciog  proof  of  the  in^xhauftible 
{efoiirces  pi  German  fcience.  His  cek- 
bleated  fatirical  romance  of  *'  SehlUs 
ifotbanker,'^  i^  a  fpirited  and  (uccefshiJ 
attack  upon  the  ramparts  of  fuperftition, 
eccWiiaftical  tynnay,  the  expfoiW*  fyi" 
tern*  of  falle  philpibphy>  and  the  inpta- 
phyHcal  jargon  of  fchool  divinity. 

•  This  truly  )eaf  nfsd  ^d  excellent  Jew 
has  rendered  his  namf  immorul  by  his 
•*  Pbo'don,**  which  is  not  a  mere  ttanuatio'\ 
from  Plato,  but  is  enriched  with-aimiii^i  of 
sddleionar.  argilRieats  1^  Mv^ntJpiSoix, 
which  e'vioce  a  juftnc^  and  .proft^iWity  of 
thought,  that  caqnot  f«il  to  die  light  asni  fus- 
pir lie.  thfi  metachyficaJUrwders  .  Nxc  os  a i  ea* 
tfeirraih'cd  an'  extra6r<£tnary  alfirdibn  for  lAtur 
de]foha,-aii^  ^tjg^in^fyfGtkwj^.ci'^  ^- 

Socutes.  i^i 


OrliindJfsmr^tf.  ^«4J«iut. 


^ 


very  T^iuBinou«,  hut  icvert:  work^  h^c 
raifed  him  up  an  hoft  of  enemlei;,  aad  en- 
gsif^d  kun  vx  frcvjuent  aifput^s.  The 
poagaancy  of  his  wit,  and  the  keenncTt 
of  his  Xatinprbavey  howeyeri  bx  general^ 
home  him  triumphant  through  Uxe  con- 
te(L  He  has  lately  jpubliihed  an  enter- 
taiaiag  fiairical  woix,  in  qoniec^uence  of 
a  wager  between  himlelf  and  hi^  friend 
Bode  (an  excellent  Gennan  writer,  and 
the  tranilator  of  Sterne's  "  ^nftram 
SifOMdyi^  "  Sentimental  Jowrney;^  and 
SmoUeU't  ^^  Humphry  CUnker'%  enti- 
tled "  The  Hiftory  of  a  Fat  Man;'  in  allu- 
lion  to  Bode's  peribnal  appearance. 
B0OE9  however,  did  not  live  to  iee  the 
completion  of  this  work»  and  NiColAi 
has  annexed,  at  the  end  of  the  2d  volume, 
an  honoumble  teilimony  to  the  merits  and 
virtues  of  his  deceaied  friend. 

In  his  manners  f,  Nicolai  is  very 
piaJA ;  but  nothing  can  exceed  the  charms 
of  his  converfacion.  He  poflefles  an  inex- 
hauftible.  fund  of  anecdotes,  i^latlng  to 
writers  and  eminent  men  of  every  dffcrip- 
tioay  among  whom  his  acquaintance  is  un- 
lixoited,  Thofe  who  vifit  him,  always  ex- 
perioice  the  moft  lively  regret,  when  ihcy 
taJce  leave  of  him«  As  a  judge  of  books, 
it  is  doubtful  whether  all  Eiurope  can 
produce  his  fuperior,  T.  D. 

CoFY  of  a  Letter  fint  from  John 
Paul  Jones,  Efq.  Commander  in 
Chief  of  she  American  Squadron  in  Bu^ 
rope,  to  the  Right  Hon.  The  Countefs  of 
Sei^iek,  St.  Maty'stjle,  Scotland.   ' 

{The  following  Letter  it  the  |>rodu£^ion  of  a 
maoy  who,  on  various  occaiions,  af^ed  a 
very  coofpicuoifs  part  on  the  theatre  of  the 
world.  It  placet  hit  chancer  in  a  Tery 
^^renv  light  from  that  in  whkh  it  hat 
commonly  been  viewed,  and  as  it  is  one  of 
the  /irft  principles  of  juftice,  to  cpndeixu) 
no  masy  until  he  may  have  been  heard  mi 
bis  own  defence,  we  hope  It  will  Hot  be 
altogether  iihacceptable  to  the  public' 
We  are  promifed  fome  others,  written  by 
'  the  fame  |i«rfoA^  and^qvaUfy,  ifnbtmore 
interciti^ng,]^  .  v  r  • 
*<   MADAKffy    •      

«' TT  ctMkit'f^e  fob  nlaeh  |ffi9iepM  fhal» 

JL  tft  tf*p*ftr6ft*flion  6f  arms,  tile  oftcef 

of  fine*  fefelmg,  and  •  of  MC  fenfibilityV 

<iBxM&  t)^  nfajiej^.  the  it^ceffit^  of  whiking 

^  The  ttiiifottTided  afpM^fts  'thrown  out 
;%amft'tUSs'>eaen^le-«htefi^r,  -byProiPefi)^ 


H  any  aS^^  p||ter{im  ^nder  his.  cc«^r 

manoj.  which  n^s  aealt  caiiuQt^  ^Wl^*^"^"*^ 
but  the  reflc^l.ion.  is  d^u^^y  fever^.'\^$qi. 
he  finds  himfelf  pbliged*  tn.affpcaran^e,  ti. 
coiintpnancey«fi  a^icn  by.  his  authoritju! 

** This  haici  cafe  w^  mine,  yvhen  pn  t^ 
ajd  of  Ai'rU  Iftft,.  J  landed  on  St..,  Ma^T,'* 
Ifle,  Knowing  Lord  Selkirk's  intercp 
with  his  king,  2^4  eftcjpfMvg..  4r  I  4ihi 
his  private  chara6^er,  I^wifh'ed  to'ma£^ 
him  the  happy  Snftrument^  of  alleviating;^. 
the  horrors  of  hopdefs  caftrv,itjy  when  thq^ 
brave  are  overpowered,  and  made.pri^ 
fonerS  of  war.  It  w^s,  jje^haps,  fortu-. 
nate  for  you,  Madam,  that  he  was  froai 
home;  for  it  was  ray  intention  to  have 
taken  him  on  board  the  Ranger,  and  to 
have  detained  him,  until,  through  .hi*- 
means,  a  general  and  fair  exchange  o£ 
prifoners,  as  well  in  Europe  as  in  Ai&e-' 
rica,  had  been  effefled.  "- 

*•  When  I  was  informed  by  fome  mea 
whom  I  met  at  landing,  that  nis  lordihip 
was  abfent^  I  walked  back  to  my  boat, 
determined  to  leave  the  illand:  by  the 
way,  however,  fome  of  the  officers,  who . 
were  with  me,  could  not  forbear  ej^reflt. 
ihg  their  difcontent :  obferving,  that  in 
America  no  delicacy  was  fhewn  by  the 
Engliih,  who  took  away  all  forts  of  move- 
able  property  \  fetting  fire  not  only  to 
towns,  and  to  the  houfcs  of  the  rich,  with- 
out diftinftion,  but  Aot  even  fpjuring  the 
wretched  hamlets  and  milk-cows  of  the 
poor  and  helplefs,  at  the  approach  of  an 
mcleraent  winter:  that  party  had  been 
with  me,  as  volunteers,  the  lame  morn- 
ing, at  Whitehaven;  fome  compliance, 
therefore,  was  their  du.-:  I  Had  but  » 
moment  to  think  how  I  might  gratify 
them,  and,  at  the  fame  time,  do  your 
ladyihtp  the  leaft  injury.  I  charged  the 
two  ofhcers  to  permit  none  of  the  feamen 
to  enter  the  houfc,  or  to  hurt  any  thing 
about  it  i  to  treat  yow,  Matlam,  with 
the  utmoft ,  r#i'peft  ;  to  accept  of  the 
plate  which  was  offered^  and  to  come 
away  without  making  a  fearch  or  demand- 
ing any  thing  ellc.  I  am  induced  to  be>- 
licvc,  that  I  was  punctually  obeyed, 
fince  I  am  informed  that  the  plate  which 
they  brought  away  is  far  Jnort  of  the 
tj^uintity  cxprefTed  in  tlie  inventory  which 
accopipanied  it.-7J[.  have\grgtifi^  my' 
men,  and  when  tde  plate  is  fold,  I  ihall 
become  the  .purchafcr,  and  will  ^ratify  \ 
r»y  own  fietiftgjf  by  reftoring  it  to  you, 
by  fuch  conveyance  as  jou' Ihall  be  pteafed 
tbdirea.  . 

Robeson ,  m  his  late  publication^  aw  of  too 
UHbefal  ahd  cohtcmptiblc  a  nature  lo  merit' 
ferious  refutation.  ^  '  *  '' ' 

«  Had 


at* 


Crigitml  Le$t$r  tfPaul  5%ffrf. 


««  Had  the  £arlbeeQM  board  the  Rin- 
tcr»  the  followriog  cvesufig,  he^would  have 
Men  the  awful  pomp  and  dreadful  carnage 
dF  a  fea  engacemene  \  both  alfording  am^ 
..fobjeAs  for  tke  pcncili  as  well  as  melan* 
cholv  reflcAion  for  the  contemplative 
Blind.— Humanity  ftarts  back  at  fuch 
Ibenes  of  horror,  and  cannot  but  execrate 
dn  vile  pmmotert  of  this  detefted  war* 

For  they^  *twas  $brf  unlheath*d  the  mthleft 

blade, 
Asd  heav*n  flmll  afi  the  havock  it  has  madek 

<'  The  Britifh  ibip  of  war  Drake* 
aK>untuig  ao  guns,  with  more  than  her 
complement  ot  men,  befides  a  number  of 
ToluDteeriy  came  out  from  Carrickfergus, 
IB  order  to  attack  and  take  the  continen- 
tal (hip  Ranger*  of  sS  guns,  and  Ihort 
of  her  complement  of  ofEcers  and  men.-^ 
The  ihips  met,  and  the  advantage  waa 
^ifputed  with  great  fortitude  on  each  fide, 
igr  an  hour  and  five  minutrs,  when  the 
gallant  commander  of  the  Drake  fell,  and 
vi6(ory  declared  in  fiivour  of  the  Ranger. 
-»His  amiable  lieutenant  lay  mortall|r 
Wouad«d,  befides  near  forty  ofthe  inferior 
•£cers  vid  crew  killed  and  wounded. — 
A '  melancholy  demonftration  of  the  un- 
certainty of  human  pro(be£ls,  and  of  the 
fiKi  rercric  of  fortune,  which  an  hour  can 
produce.— I  buried  them  in  a  fpacioua 
g^vcy^  with  the  honours  due  to  the  me- 
mory of  the  brave. 

**  Though  I  have  dravm  my  fwonl  in 
the  prcfcnt  generous  ftniggle  for  the 
rights  of  men*  yet  I  am  not  in  amit 
avrely  as  an  American,  nor  am  I  in  pur- 
fitit  of  riches.  My  fortune  is  liberal 
eaoQgby  having  no  wife  nor  family,  and 
having  lived  long^  enough  to  know,  that 
rkhea  camwt  enlure  happinefs.  I  pro- 
U£^  mykXi  a  citizen  of  the  world,  totally 
iiafettered  by  the  little  mean  diftin^lions 
of  climate  or  country,  wliich  diminiflx 
the  bcnevolmce  of  the  heart,  and  fee 
bouiyls  to  philaothropy.  Before  the  war 
bo^pWyl  had»  at  an  early  time  of  life, 
withdrawn  Crom  the  fervicc,  in  favour  of 
**  calm  contemplation  and  )K)etic  eafe."* 
I  have  fcri£ccd  not  only  my  favourite 
fchcrue  of  life,  but  tktfefffr  affctiirm  cf 
Ae  heart,  and  my  proipciU  of  do:»»fftic 
happinefs)  and  I  am  leady  to  fatiince 


my  Kfc  alio,  with  checrfqlnffs-^if  that 
forfeittire  would  ivftore  peace  and  good- 
will among  mankind. 

**  As  the  feelings  of  your  gentle  heart 
cannot,  in  that  relpeA,  but  ^  congraial 
with  mine,  jet  me  intreat  you,  Maidam, 
to  ufc  your  felf-perfuafive  arts  with  your 
hufband,  to  endeavour  to  ftop  this  cniel 
and  dcftruftive  wai*,  in  which  Britain 
never  can  fucceed.  Heaven  can  nevtr 
countenance  the  barbarous  and  unmanly 
praftices  of  the  Britons  in  Americ?, 
which  lavages  would  blulh  at»  and  which, 
if  not  difcontinued,  will  foon  be  retail- 
attd  in  Britain,  by  a  juAly  enraged  peo- 
ple. Should  you  fail  in  tnis  (for  I  aoj 
perAiaded  you  will  attempt  it^  and  who 
can  reiift  the  power  of  Aich  an  advocate }) 
your  enderivours  to  cfft€k  a  general  ex- 
change of  prifoners  will  be  an  afl  of 
humanity,  which  will  afford  yougoldea 
feelings  on  a  death -bed. 

**  i  hope  this  cruel  conteft  will  foon  be 
clofed  i  but,  (hould  it  continue,  I  wage 
no  war  with  the  fair!  I  acknowledge  their 
power,  and  bend  before  it  with  profound 
fubmiflipn !  Let  not,  therefore,  the  ami- 
able Countefs  of  Selkirk  regard  roe  as  an 
enemy:  I  am  ambitious  of  her  eftcem 
and  triendlhtp,  and  would  do  any  thing 
confiltent  with  my  duty,  to  merit  it. 

*•  The  honour  of  a  line  from  your  hand, 
in  aofwer  to  this,  will  lay  me  under  a 
very  fmgular  obligation.  And,  if  I 
can  render  you  any  acceptable  fervicc  in 
France,  or  ellewhere,  I  hope  you  fee  into 
my  chara£ler  fo  far  as  to  command  rat 
without  the  leaft  grain  of  referre.  I 
wi(h  to  know  exaoiy  the  behaviour  of 
my  peoples  as  I  am  determined  to  ouaiih 
them,  if  they  have  exceeded  their  Iioeityy 

**  I  have  the  honour  to  be,  with  much 
eftetm,  and  with  profotmd  refpe^t.  Ma- 
dam, your  rooft  obedient,  afid  moft  hum- 
ble ^rvant, 

(Signed)  J.  P.  Jones. 

**  Ranger,  Brefi,  tt^iMaj,  tyytJ^ 

Note,  It  it  a  well  known  f^,  that  at  the 
fair,  lie  purcbafed  the  plate,  and  returned 
the  whole  that  had  been  canied  avajFy  ^^^ 
Countefs  of  3eikixk^  not  the  rooft  tnfiif\g 
article  beirg  miifing,  D-  F. K  S. 


»0M 


C    ^85    I 
FROM    MY    PORT-FOLlOi 


No.  VIII. 

William  Whistom. 
(Gommmneaied,) 

MR.  Whlfton  was  a  man  diftlnguiflied 
for  great  finc^rity,  and  great  free- 
dom of  ipeech.  Hehad  fomeacQuaint- 
a&ce  with  DUhopShcrlock»and  occauonally 
went  to  dine  with  him.  But  the  blfhop 
made  a  fpeech  in  the  Houfe  of  Lords, 
which  wa&  underltood  to  be  an  apology  for 
the  employment  of  bribery  and  corruption 
on  the  part  of  gpvemment  \  and  then 
Whillon  yifited  him  no  more. 

They  afterwards  met  accidentally,  at 
the  houfe  of  Sir  Jofeph  Jekyll,  matter  of 
the  rolls,  when  the  bilhop  aflced  Whifton, 
what  the  reafon  was  that  he  did  not  conic 
fometimes  to  dine  with  him  as  iiluai  ? 
"  No,  my  lord,"  faid  Whifton,  "  never 
fincc  your  political  fpeech  in  the  Houfe 
of  Lords.*;  The  bUhop  replied,  that 
Mr.  Whifton  knew  that  he  took  his 
reproofs  patiently,  and  he  was  dcfirous 
that  he  ftiould  com?  to  him  as  formerly. 
•\  No,  my  lord,"  faid  Whifton,  "  poli- 
tical bilhops  are  the  ruin  of  all  religion :" 
and  he  immediately  went  away  in  ap- 
parent indignation. 

When'  l>r.  Lcng  was  made  a  biftiop, 
the  firft  time  that  Mr.  Whifton  faw  him, 
after  he  was  raifed  to  the  bench,  he  faid 
to  him,  **  I  wonder,  my  lord,  how  lb 
learned  and  {o  good  a  man  as  you  are, 
Came  to  )>«  made  abiftiop." 

Of  Dr.  Gibfon,  *bi(hop  of  London, 
y^hi^on  faid,  "  that  biftiop  feemed  to 
think,  that  the  church  of  England,  as  it 
}uft  then  happened  to  be,  eftabliihed  by 
modem  laws  and  canons,  came  down 
Irom  heaven,  with  the  Afhanafian  creed 
in  its  hand.'* 

The  then  bifliop  of  Durham,  in  a 
conv^iatiou  with  Whifton,  exprefied  a 
doubt  to  him,  whether  the  Linus,  who 
is  mentioned  in  St.  Paul's  epiftie  to 
Timothy,  could  poflibly  be  the  btfhop 
Qf  Rome^  as  he  was  V«ppofed  to  be, 
when  he  was  only  fpoken  of  as  <<  one 
of  the  brethren.*'  Whifton  replied, 
**  btihop9»  my  lord,  were  not  then  right 
reverend  fathers  in  God  " 

Spetiking  of  Dr.  Wilfon,  biftiop  of 
Man,  Whifton  faid,  "  He  has  always 
appeared  to  me  one  of  the  beft  bilhops 
of  om'  modem  ages^  and  fo  much  the 
bti^tter,  as  he  is  clear  of  the  fnares  and 
'cmptations  of  a  lord  of  parliament," 


Coke's  Swir«SRLAK9. 

(Commumcated,)  ^ 

IN  ceading  Coxn's  able  and  intelUgje^t 
account  of  Switzerlandi  a  fii^lor  ifk« 
conftftency  occurs  in  the  account  of  the 
commonwealth  of  the  GrifonSt  As 
pra&ical  politics  are  far  more  interefting 
than  theoretic,  it  became  an  obje^  to 
point  out,  and  obviate  that  inconfiftency  i 
efpecislly  as  it  is  injurious  to  the-cauieo€ 
freedom. 

I  ufc  the  edition  of  1 7S9,  3^1s.  8to# 
In  vol.  iii.  p.  132,  etfeq.  he  gives  what 
may  be  called  fafts  and  rcafons,  to  profr 
that  corruption  and  ariftocratic  mflu-. 
ence  alone  dimlnifli  faflions,  and  prevent 
anarchy,  even  in  fo  poor  a  country  as  that 
of  the  Grifons,  and  in  a  republic  fcarcely 
known  among  the  nations  of  Europe. 

The  reader  is  deeply  imprefled  with 
this  ti-uth,  till  he  coqaes  lo  far  on  »  p.sy^, 
where  the  myftcry  is  folved,  iefU  vmto. 

"  At  prelent,  the  Houfe  orAnftriadi- 
reAs  all  the  aifairs  of  the  Grifons  with 
the  moft  unbounded  authority.  "  That 
power  has*  acquired  thisfway,  by  ^guiar^ 
ly  difcharging  the  public  penfioas,  by 
holding  the  leading  members  of  the  4^et 
in  its  pay,  by  being  a  guarantee  of  the 
Valteline,  and  ntediator  in  all  the  difpute* 
between  the  Grifons  and  their  ftibjcfts.** 

Where  is  now  Mr.  Coxe's  candour  f 
He  might  as  well  argue,  that,  becaufe 
our  Edward  IV.  Henry  VIII.  Charles  II. 
were  penftoned  by  France,  no  monarchy 
can  exift  without  toi-eign  peniions. 

Is  it  not  rather  x  piece  of  jcfuitical  art# 
to  place  this  main  intelligence  atfti  great 
adiftance  from  its  proper  pbce,  and  real 
point  of  view  ?  In  fa«,  it  Is  not  preju* 
dice,  but  repeated  obfervatioir,  which 
leads  mt  to  fav,  that;  in  the  writingtof  ail 
ecclefiaftics  (with  very  ftw  exeeptions)^ 
one  meets  wttfi  fnecimens  of  jefnitiim; 
They  are  fo  accuftomed  to  dee^ye,  that 
they  praftice  ai-t  in  fpitc  of  themfely^,  a» 
it  were,  and  even  in  trifles  and  indifferent 
objefts. 

Fielding  and  Swift. 

SOME  writers  have  obtained  the  ch». 
rafter  of  original  invention  at  rather 
a  cheap  rate;  they  have  had  the  ait  of 
appearing  to  exhibit  a  giTat  fecundity  of 
imagination,  throughout  an  entire  work; 

when. 


2S6 


Library  Feetinditf. 


^htn,  mtMiff  the  ml  merit  of  iu  in. 
mention  is^containcd  ia  a  few  of  its  evlieft 

chapters ;  while  the  Temainio^  parts  of 
theie  works  have  been  farmed  with  great 
facility^  and  without  any  extraordinaxy 
efforts  of  genius.  1  (hall  exemplify  this : 
ebfervation  by  the  two  celebrated  works 
*f  Fielding  and  Swift.  The  former^  ia 
bis  •«  L^e  if  Jemabcn  mid  the  Create'' 
oiTers  a  vtry  curious  fpeciroen  oF  the 
force  of  ijonr.  He  calls  rillainy,  "  great- 
ftefsi**  a  prig,  of  thief,  "a  hero  »'•  nar» 
ntives  of  fwindlers,  **  matters  of  the  great 
kind  ;^*  honeft  ingenuous  perfons,  <*  filiy 
people;*^  and  when  they  truft  to  (harp, 
ers,  he  fays,  "  they  are  tittk  nvretches^ 
who  deal  with  ^eat  men,"*  Hcartfrec  is 
therefore  full  of  "low  and  bafe  ideas  ;" 
kts  faithful  apprentice  *«  is  a  low  and 
pitiful  fool,'*  &c.  It  is  evident,  that 
the  only  merit  to  which  this  invention  of 
levei-fing  terms  and  ideas  can  pretend^ 
confrfts  in  the  Jirji  tbougbts^-Yivrxng  once 
exhibited  them,  all  the  reft  is  merely  a 
irpetition  of  (he  fame  notions  ;  and  al- 
though  the  whole  may  appear,  to  a  fuptr- 
ficial  reader,  as  originality,  a  critic  of 
tafte  will  furely  acknowledge,  that  it  is 
Bot  what  it  appears,  and  that  it  becomes, 
at  length,  if  we  may  fo  exprefs  our- 
fclves,  '  invention  without  invention. 
Fielding  having  once  difplayed  the  man> 
aer,  any  common  writer  could  have  fol- 
lowed it  without  any  exertion  ;  and  what 
a  common  writer  can  perfoim,  is  evidently 
njt  a  work  of  genius. 

The  fame  obfervation  will  extend  to 
«*  GuHiver*j  tra^ehr  When  Swift 
had  once  relolved  to  defcribe  a  very  di- 
istnutive,  and  a  very  gigantic  race  j  men 
as  horfes,  and  horfes  as  men  \  the  idea, 
whatever  be  its  value,  after  it  has  been 
fiilly  difplayed,  becomes,  like  the  Irony 
of  Fielding,  nothing  but  a  continuation ; 
a  kind  of  plagiarimi  on  the  author  him- 
felf.  The  real  merit  of  fuch  inventions 
is  loon  terminatedj  yet  an  author,  by  pur- 
I'uing  them,  will  Jeern,  to  moft  of  his 
readers,  as  abounding  in  the  moft  fertile 
,  imagination  \  while  he,  in  fa^,  is  only 
repeating  ens  Uea^  with,  very  frequently, 
neither  novslty  nor  variation-  The  Va- 
boos  and  Kouyhnhmns  have,  in  my  opi- 
nion, no  invention  at  all,  unlefs  to  call  a 
hortea  min  ftwws  asy  invent  ion. 

This  obi'ervation  will  not  extend  to  the 
ether  merits  of  thefc  admired  perform- 
ances; for  others  they  have,  of  a  much 
more  durable  kind  than  the-  cxtrava- 
l^.mceof  their  inertly  rcvcrflng  ouf  ufual 
notions. 


LiTWtAUT  FicuKPirr. 
"T  T  TE  have  had  fome  cnriobs  inftu* 
V  s^  ces  of  literary  fecundity.  Lope 
de  Vega*  whoie  entire  days  feem  to  have 
been  devoted  to  compofition,  without 
matay  hours  given  to  reading  ;  or  what  is 
equally  necenary,  to  the  correStcn  of  hit 
own  produ^ionsi,  did  not  rival  the  inde- 
fatigable powers  of  father  Matedo,  a  Por- 
tuguefe  Jefuit,  not  without  celebrity  ia 
his  day.  The  Portugucfc  biogi-aphcr 
counts  109  different  works  of  this  au- 
thor; and,  indeed,  one  cannot  refnia 
from  a  finile  at  the  good  old  man  himftlf, 
who,  in  one  of  his  later  works,  boafls  of 
having  delivered  in  public,  53  panegy- 
rics ;  6oLat;n  essays,  and  3s  Fu. 
MERAL  EULOGIUMS  :  ai»l  that  he  had 
compofed  48  EPIC  poems  j  125  ele- 
gies; 115  EPITAPHS;  XII  DEDICA- 
TIONS ;  700  FAMILIAR  LETTERS  ; 
a60O  HEROIC  POEMS)  IIO  ODES; 
3000   EPIGRAMS;     4   LaTIN     PLATS, 

and  that  he  had  (being  gifted  with  the  ta- 
lent of  an  improvifatorc)  delivered  more 
than  150,000  VERSES  extempore  ! 

It  is  fufficiently  obvious,  that  Father 
Macedo  was  the  prince  of  impertinent 
writers ;  and  that  ne  was  one  of  thofe, 
whofe  unhappy  induftiy  produces  a  moft 
barren  fertility.  What  is,  however,  not 
lefs  iingular  in  our  Jcfuit,  was,  that 
having  written  a  treatiic  againll  Cardinal 
Norris,  on  the  fubjc6l  of  the  monkery  of 
St.  Auftin,  it  was  thought  neceflaiyto 
decree  filence  to  botli  parties.  Macedo, 
compelled  to  relinquifti  the  pen,  refolved 
to  (hew  the  world  that  he  did  not  con&ier 
himfelf  as  vanquiihcd,  and  ll-nt  his  ad- 
verfary  a  challenge !  He  proceeded  ac- 
cording to  the  regulations  of  c}anialry\ 
and  appointed  a  place  of  rendezvous  ift 
the  wood  of  Boulogne.  Another  ediA, 
to  forbid  the  duel.  Macedo  complained 
that  it  was  hard,  not  to  fuffer  him,  forthc 
fake  of  St.  Auftin,  for  whom  he  had  a 
peculiar  cftcem,  to  fpill  neither  his  ijiI» 
nor  his  blood ! 

One  may  judge  of  his  tafte  by  his 
"  Origin  of  the  Inqiafitien.^*    That  hu- 
mane and  divine  tribunal  he  difcoWs  to 
have  been  in  the  terreftrial  paradiie.    He 
pretends  to  prove,  that  God  was  the  fiift 
who  began  tne  fuja£lIons  of  an  iMqvisx- 
TOR,  and  that  he  exirciCed  his  p^^^ 
over  Cain,  and  the  woikoMa  of  tabfL 
Macedo  obtained  a  proi&flnr's  tbnir  at 
Padua,  for  having  given,  dsumg  eight 
days,  at  Venice,  Siitte  faiaoaa  U|tuiBUts 
againft  the  Fope,  which  were  |M!bliflwd 
by    the  title  of  'Tbe  Literary  R$aru^s  rf 
the  Lion  at  St.  Meark:*'  alinajlisto  the 
lion  wht^tesumtli  is  new  cloM. 


f  ^87  ) 

ORIGINAL    POETRY. 


dit  Mfs  LlNWOOD*t  oMrMUe  PiSures  in 

II/'HEN  £gypt*t  fon,    a   rude   untator'4 

race, 
Leirn*d  wUh  wild  forms  the  obeli/W  to  grace. 
And  mould  the  idol  God  in  dufllle  earth. 
The  loom  and  polidiM  needle  took  their  birth. 
When  doomM  to  dull  obfcurity  no  more> 
Fair  Science  reign'd  oneachfurrounding  ihore. 
And  ftretch'd  her  arm  oVr  Greece  and  eaily 

Rome, 
Still  in  her  train  appiar^d  the  labours  of  the 

loom* 
When  Gothic  night  o>rwheImM  the  chearful 

day, 
And  fculpture^  painting,  all  negle^ed  lay, 
And  furious  man,  creation^s  favage  lord. 
Knew  but  the  hunter*s  fpcar,  the  rourd*rer*s 

fword  ; 
Our  fofter  fex  embofsM  the  *brojder*d  veft. 
In  fiow*ry  robe  the  blooming  hero  dreft  ;  ^ 
OrrangMin  tap* ftry*s  glowing  colours  bright 
The  mimic  creib,  and  long  embattled  fight. 

Now  liearning^s  better  fun-beam  ihone  anew, 
And  Gothic  horrors,  gloomy  night,  wlthdrrwj 
Agjin  Prometheus  wakM  the  fenfelefs  clay,  . 
Guce,  beauty,  order,  leapt  to  jecond  day* 

Moft  did  the  manly  arts  its  influence  feel, 
The  pencil  cjias'd  the  houfewife*8  humbler 

fteel*, 
Rent  was  the  aged  tap^ftry  from  tiie  wall; 
£zultiog  genius  gloried  in  its  fall ; 

Tomonftrousfhapes,  and  hydra  forms  uncouth. 
Succeeded  nature  fair,  angelic  truth  \ 
Theartiftman  awoke  the  vigor's  lay. 
And  woman's  labours  crumbled  in  decay.. 
Then  Li M WOOD  rofe,  infpirM  at  once  to  give 
The  matchlefs  grace  that  bids  the  piCVure  live ; 
With  the  bold  air,  the  ioyely  lafting  dye. 
That  fills  at  once,  and  xharmi  the  wondering 
ey*. 
Hail !  better  Amazon,  to  thee  belong 
The  critic's  plaudits,  and  the  poet*s  fonge 
To  thee  snay  fame  no  barren  laurels  bring. 
But  flowVy  wreaths,   that  bud  each  rifing 
frnog!  X*.  A, 


PQM£j    penfive  Mc)jtn<:holy  5    thou    who 

^       *      ^un'ft 
The  bjify  haunt>  of  men  5  'tit  thee  I  woo. 

Come,  calm  the  tumults  of  a  mind  difturVd « 

Thee  ^U  1  cherifhas  a  welcome  gueft, 
'And  freely,  in  fotrife  lone  retr«at»  indulge 

The  glown-  of  grief.  U  nnoticM  and  unknown  , 

ComjSiints  were  taioj  fincf:  n^c  can  yield 
reUc^f )    - 

Yet  teu&Quy  tell  thc.fuflf'rjpgs  I  endvre, 
.And  eafo  th»t  weight  of  woe  which  ^'^n^s-fo 

.  deep. 
,    Moj^tu..Mag.  No 


No  time  can  heal  Oht  Pve  forever  loft 
My.firft,  my  early,  and  my  only  love. 
Dear  fource  of  comfort !  thou  art  now  no  rooref 
Thou  waft  the  foft'ner  of  my  ev'ry  care ; 
My  friend,  my  fwcct  companion,  and  my  all. 
What  can  to  me  eiiftcnce  now  endear. 
Since  chearfulncfs  and  hcalthwith  thceaiefled. 
And  peace  and  hopeaie  ftrangert  to  my  breaft  ? 
My  limbs,  late  aaivc  and  alert,  refift 
The  dilates  of  my  wUl,  and  trembling,  fcajcfi 
Have  pow'r  to  bear  from  eajth  my  tott'ring 

frame. 
Oh,  what  an  effort  did  I  lately  make. 
When  with  diflirefs  o^crw^clm'd,  and  angjwfli 

keen,  .  . 

I  gain'd  th'  alccnt,  where  refted  what  remain  A 
Of  her  I  lov'd^-a  folcmn  filen«e  reignM, 
And  gloomy  darkncfs  markM  the  cheerlcfi 

fpot ; 
Save  through  a  crevice  oricfmall  ftreammg  ray. 
Which  glimmering  (hone  to  guide  me  to  hex 

bed. 
There  once  again,  and  once,  alas!    for  all. 
With  weeping  eyes  I  viewM  that  lace  and 

form. 
On  which,  with  rapture,  oft  I  usM  to  gaze 5 
That  face  and  form  which  fpokc  a  gmcetul 

Swect;innoccnceandpcace,andallthofcchurmi 
Of  female  foftncfs,  tendcrncfs,  and  truth, 
Which  pleafe  the  eye,  and  captivate  tlie  fouU  • 
But  now,  alas !  how  changM,  wKat  ruin 

dire 
Hath  in  ihort  time  been  wrought  \  the  tyrant 

death  . 

Struck,  and  fubdu'd  his  prey,   her  tender 

frame, 
Refiftancc  weak  could  make,  and  down  flic 

funk 
Infenfnle— a  \  laim  to  his  pow'r. 
Her  pallid  checks  had  loft  that  glow  of  health 
They  late  and  long  had  worn^cloi'd  wc« 

thofc  eyes 
That  jisM  fo  Iwxtttcyfmilci  (Uli  was  that 

voice  ..AX 

Which  oft   mtlodious  charm'd  the  lift  ning 

But  it  will  charm  no  more,  nor  will  her  fmilcs 
Helieve  that  heart  that  lov'd  with  fond  cxccfs. 
How  muchfrom  t\\w  fad  lofs  I  have cnJurM, 
Vc  only  who  have  lov'd  Uke  me,  can  lay. 
Could  fighs,  or  tears,  or  pray'rs,  have  ought 

avaii'd, 
3he  furcly  had  notdy'd— for  ne/erdid 
They  ceal'c,  e'er  fmce  the  time  flic  felt  apaui } 
Profufely  have  the  tears  of  forrow  fiuw'd. 
Sighs  have  fuccppd^d  fi«kki,  and  prayers  to 

Heay'i^ 
Been  brcath'i— but  God,  who  life  bcftoWd, 

Her  ftatc  to  change,  and  took  her  X6  lil-afclt 
Ift,hcr,  tainiQAWprc  jps  fairtil  fotro, 


P 


4lnd 


%M 


Original  Poetry. 


^ad  tU  Uifl  milder  Tutoei  were  difphyM  ; 
Good  was  her  heart,  and  ihe  was  fie  for  blUs. 

Oh  ^«n  I  e*er  forget^    when,  from  the 

world 
KettrM,  in  converfe  fweet  our  days  we  paft! 
How  oft  to  heav*a  ihe  pray'd  to  make  me  bleft^ 
And  grateful  pralsM^  and  thank*d  me  for  my 

love, 
My  conftant    care,   and  marked   attentions 

ihe  wo, 
All  from  the  Keart  beAowM,  to  fmoodi  her 

path. 
To  guard  her  fteps,  and  make  her  pleased 

with  life. 

No  pleafing  cares  do  now  my  mind  employ ; 
In  mournful  mufing  creep  the  heavy  hours,: 
Scenes  of  paft  pleafure,  ne*cr  to  be  renewed. 
By  mem*ry*s  aid  in  quick  fucceflion  rife, 
Whilft  all  tlie  future  wears  an  afped  dark. 

Perhaps  ihe  knows  how  dear  her  mem'ry  is, 
How  in  my  heart  ihe  holds  her  wonted  place : 
M4y  heav'n  in  mercy  grant,  that  when  from 

earth 
Vm  caird,  we  may  united  be,  and  know, 
Thofe  promised  joys  whi9h  Cod  rcferves  for 

thofe 
Who  truft'  his  word,  and  ftrive  to  do  his  will. 

S.  T, 


SONNET. 

To  the  EaXL  ^fBaSADALBANE. 

pAR  from  h'^<  friends,  his  home,  and  native 

The  mouIdMng  relics  of  our  Jobnfin  lie  ! 
While  tears  of  fond  remembrance  fill  each 
eye, 
BreaJalhantf  patron  of  the  arts,  be  thine 
^he  envied  taikto  rear  his  humble  ihrine, 
Which  iiill  the  peniive  trav*Uer  may  efpy, 
Where  limpid  Tay  meandering  murmurs  by, 
And  woods    and   rocks    t*  adorn  his    tomb 

combine. 
Thftfcenc,  congenial  to  his  chiTic  tafte, 
•   Hit    ihade,  appeasM,    ihill  often    hover 
round, 
And  as  'the  moonbeam  glides  along  the 
ground, 
Keview  the  lindfcape  which  his  pencil  tracM  ; 
And  oft,  when  kindred    genius   wanders 

near,  ' 
Receive  the  foothing  tribatary  tear. 


SONNCT 
Q*  the  Death  0/ Robert  Johnfon,  Painter  and 
Sn^ratfer,  tff^JotaJIU'^uf>irn-  Tjne,  -who  di<d'^ 
9\be  2€thyear  of  bit  age,  dtt'  Kenmn-e,  near 
TaMtttfhf  tie  fiat  cftbi  EarUf'Breadathane^ 
nokifi  imfdoyed  there  by  bis  Lord  (hip, 
(Sbe   Monthly    Magaaine,    vol.   »*  p.  541 

«nd^33.) 
Y^    who    eurapturM  view,    ^th    fweet 
■  delight,  '     • 
The  fidthful  fembUnce  of  relations  dear. 
Of  o*cr  fome  fneod  departed  drop  the  tdir^ 


Hf  Jtbrnfm  IbatchM  htm  dnth^s  eUiriAqa 

night} 
For  hfan  who  fist,  tn  glowing  coloais  bright, 
Thofe  fmiles  that  wont  the  paffing  boon  to 

cheer. 
And   gave,  unchanging  ftill  frpm  yelr  ta 
year. 
The  form  adorM  to  blefs  yoar  longing  fight; 
O  heave  the  grateful  fympathetic  figh : 
But  fighs  recal  not  back  the  filent  dead ! 
An  aged  mother,  by  his  labours  fed, 
Looks  round  in  vain,  and  £9tM  no  comfort 
nigh  5 
O,  then,  refled  his  virtues  to  her  vievr, 
A^d  be  to  her  what  Jvhmjm  was  to  jou. 

BLEOy 

On  the  death  •fa  Tmmi^  Ladj^  vfi^SedinM 

JUae  pf  hmscy, 
UUSH^D  in  the  filent  gra^e,  thy  forrows 
flecpj 
No  more  in  fecret  anguifb  to  repine  ! 
And  foft  humanity  no  moreihaU  weep 
To  fee  the  wreck  oi  fuch  a  mind  as  thice. 

Ev*n  he  who  unrelenting  faw  that  mind— 

A  father !  (huggle  with  defpair  in  vain, 
While  reafon's  niin'd  empire  fell,  confign'd 

<<  To  blank  confuiion  and  her  cnay  train/' 
£v*n  he,  barbarian !  ihall  with  callous  heart 

No  more  diilurb  the  bed  of  thy  rcpofe ; 
No  more  ihall  try  with  eyVy  helliih  art 

To  lefigthen  the  fad  period  ot\Khy  woes ! 
For  now  at  length  thy  pains,  thy  troubles  ctdt^ 

The  gloomy  midnight  of  thy  grief  is  o'er  j 
And  on  thy  fouf  the  tlifsful  morn  of  peace 

Arifes  bright — ^tobe  o'ercait  no  |norf. 

And  tho*  a  little  fpace  contains  full  well 

Thy  peerlefs  form,  with  ev'ry  beauty  bleit. 
Without  one  "  frail  memorial"  to  tell 

The  pailmg  traveler  where  thy  aihe^  reit ; 
Yet,  to  thy  memory,  many  a  farred  tear 

Shall  ilow,  with  many  a  fympathetic  iigh  j 
And  on  foft  pity's  heart,  to  Virtue  dear 

Thy  name  ihall  be  engraven'^-ne'er  to  die ! 
ItOu  W.G. 


A  SONNET,     - 
Addrtgtd  to  Mifs  Eliza  Coltman,  w  ^reecvag 
from  ktr  a  frefent  of  Mrs,  Rowe*9  Qe^tta 
Ex(Sr6ja  of  the  Hearty  &c, 
C  ACRElTto  virtue  be  the  gifts  of  fong, 
•  Nor  madly  let  the  genuine  bard  difi-'ufe 
The  dregs  of  Circe*s  cup,  nor  dare  to  wrong 
Mcek-ey'd  religion  I — but  may  the  nofc, 
Proud  of  her  birth,  in  rapturous  ibains  afpire. 
To    hiillowM    themes    that    breathed  fioo) 
Rowe*s  pure  lyre  5 
pr  your*s,  Eliza!  when  with ferrcat seal 
You  iing  of  tranfports  angels  oply  feel } 
And  foaring,  reach  the  bright  zthexisl  road, 
Where    hymning  *  Seraphs  w^rtQ  ileTocioii 
-fliewj 


Original  Poetry^ 


a89 


Caccfi  froffl  perennial  lamps  the  facred  glow 
Of  JoVc  divine — cheefience  of  our  God ! 
When  clcans'd  from    guilt  and  each  low- 
minded  care  9 
May  I  be  worthy  found  to  meet  Elixa  there. 
Oard,  Smer/ajbire,     W.ToVLMZXf>  M.  D^ 

COKICIINCI  THE  WOKST  OFToKTVXtS, 

Bj  Afifi  Hokroft. 
''pWAS  night;  myfteriout  filence  reign*d  \ 

Sleep  waT*d  his  magic  wand ; 
Z*cn  prowling  wolves,  tomifchlef  train*dy 

ReposM,  a  harmlefs  band. 
High  fargiog  waves,  and  tempefta  bleak. 

Were  huih*d,  awhile  to  reft ; 
Fierce  >£tna  ceas'd  in  flames  to  break, 

Nor  once  difgorg^d  her  breaft : 
When,  ftrctchM  on  ftraw,  the  murdVer  lay, 

Terrific  to  behold ! 
His  toctVing  frame  fpoke  fad  difmay. 

His  eye  convulfive  roird ! 
His  chains  he  (hook  with  frantic  grief  |  . 

Thrice  fmoce  his  tortured  breaft : 
Till  fainting  nature  brought  relief, 

And  luird  his  limbs  to  reft. 
But  fearful  vifions  rackM  hit  brain  ; 

His  Kranfient  flumbers  broke : 
Before  him  iiood  Monulto  flain ! 

He  ftarted,  groan*d,  and  woke. 

Vet  woke,  alas,  to  mad^ning  woe : 

The  ghaftly  form  purfued } 
With  bofom  piercM,  ftep  fad  and  flow. 

His  ihrottd  with  blood  bedew'd ! 

Its  woe-fraught  brow  and  haggard  cheek 

Uprais*d  the  fiend  defpair; 
A  wild  and  foul-diftraded  ihriek 

DiflblvMit  intoair! 

^  SK»y^  ftay,**  he  cried,  «  thou  damning 
ihade! 
Revenge  ihall  foon  be  thine. 


No  more  mjr  tsfdy  death  upbraidi 
Eternal  death  is  mine ! 

Tm  caird !  The  vengeful  fword  they  ra^el 

Hacks,  whips,  and  fury  wait  ? 
The  pious  brands  of  torture  blaze. 

Ferocious  man  to  fate  I 
Yet  fword  and  flames  1*11  dauntleis  braves 

No  groan  fhall  racks  extort ; 
If  blood  they  thirft,  blood  let  them  faavet 

Revenge  too  dearly  bought  !** 

Thus  rav*d  the  wretch,  with  angulfli  tora^ 

PurfuM  by  fell  defpair. 
Till  foon  the  fanguinary  mom 

Bad  him  for  death  prepare. 

With  well-intention'd  vengeance  fiaught^    ' 

The  fearful  cohort  meet: 
Their  mind  to  holy  terror  wrought  j 

Their  brow  with  ire  replete. 

Yet  unappaird  their  vi£Um  ftood. 

Death's  threatening  pangs  defied  ; 
<<  Monulto,  lo!  here's  blood  for  blood! 

Behold,  and  quafty*  he  cried. 
Then  dauntlefs  met  each  fearful  ftroke^ 

No  pangs  could  force  one  groan ; 
His  threataing  eye  defiance  fpoke,' 

Till  fenfe  and  life  were  flown. 

Links  addrejidtoa  Roix. 
JLJODEST  child  of  vernal  IhowV, 

I  woo  thee,  mecl^y  blufliinj  flowV! 
Bent  with  the  dews,  that  fall  from  high. 
How  fweet  thou  fmileft  to  mine  eye ! 
Chafte  flow*r !  thy  downcaft  foliage  weart 
The  penfive  innocence  of  tears ! 

Yet  ah,  perhaps,  ere  ev^ning^s  dofe. 
Some  hand  may  pluck  thee,  thou  foft  rofey 
Then  on  fome  virgin^s  bofom  doom 
To  waftc away  thy  rich  perfume; 
Where  envious,  thy  faint  leaves  (hall  pine 
For  beauties  lovelier  far  than  thine. 

L. 


o 


VARIETIES, 
Literary  and  Philosophical  ; 

Including  Natias  of  Works  in  Hand,  Domeftic  and  Foreign*        .    , 

*4I*  AutbttUic  Cotnmuniidticns  for  this  Article  will  alrvajtbt  thankfully  rtcnvti* 

^N  the  It  3d,  the  Anmverfary  Exhibi-     may  be  pnefumed  that  theie  defeats  arile 

from  modem  artifta^  too  much  negle6ling 


tioii  opened  at  the  Royal  Academy. 
The  number  of  artifts  exhibiting,  and  of 
work*  of  art  eadiibited,  is  greater  than  in 
any  preceding  year ;  but  it  may  be  doubted 
whether  the  coUcftive  merit  of  the  exhi- 
bition be  increafed  in  the  fame  propor- 
tion. It  18,  perhaps,  even  inferior  to 
thofe  of  feveral  former  years.  The  Eng- 
]iOi  fcbool  of  painting  caunot  be  denied 
that  brilliancy,  fplendbur,  and  forcc» 
which  ftrike  and  captivate  at  firil  fight  5 
bujt  generally  fpeaking,  it  wants  that 
truth  and  juft  degree  of  finiihing  that  at- 
tach the  mind,*  and  fatisfy  the  eye.     It 


the  tludy  of  the  fciences  that  ve  auxllla«; 
rics,  or  ratherdlTential  paru  of'tliisartt 
fuch  as  anatomy,  perfpe^Uve,  and .  the 
degradation  of  colour,  and  of  lighl  and 
ihade.  Be  this  as  it  roa/,  it  -is  certain 
that  more,  modem  pi£lures  foon'  prdl 
upon  the  tafte,  while  thoie  produced  in 
the  gckien  age  of  painting  plearei^<moi6>^' 
and  more,  as  we  hnvc  more  titfie  to  iludy^ 
and  to  difcoYer  their- beauties.  In  tiie 
prefent  exhibition,  ^hcwcvtr,  there -aj^ 
lereral  honourable  exceptions  to  the  fore« 
going  remaiks,  efpccially  among  the 
P  p  ft  works 


tgi> 


Exhibitions:.,,,  Engltjh  Ltterature0 


works  of  feme  yottng,  but  rifmg  anifts, 
who  have  not  yet  obtamcd  a  name  pro 
portionate  to  their  mcrit.^Likc  former 
exhibitions,  the  prefent  one  proves  that 
the  branch  of  the  an  in  which  our  painters 
arc  moft  encouraged,  to  which  they 
chiefly  devote  thenifelve*,  and  in  which 
tlicy  fucceed  the  ^>eft,  rs  portrait  paint- 
ing. It  contains,  nevcrthelefs,  a  num- 
ber of  works  of  fency  and  fentiment, 
which  do  equal  honour  to  the  genius  and 
didntereftednefs  of  the  artifts,  cunfidering 
bow  little  fuch  fubjefts  are  in  requcft. 
The  number  of  thofe  who  have  attempted 
landfcapc  is  fmall— ftill  fmallcr  of  thofe 
who  have  fucccedcd.  Of  the  drawings, 
(bme  are  truly  beautiful— others  highly 
plcafing  and  relpe6lable.  In  fculpture 
the  exhibition  this  year  is  particularly 
poor,  ft  can  only  boaft  a  few  heads, 
uid  bat-rerufSi  wluch  however  well  exe- 
cuted, are  of  little  confequence,  when 
compiired  with  the  groupes  and  figures  a^ 
large  as  life,  which  the  public  have  con- 
templated with  pleafure  in  former  years. 
But,  whatever  may  be  Its  defe£ls,  the 
perfbm  who  are  acquainted  with  the  ftate 
of  the  arts  abroad,  will  feel  no  beiitation 
in  pronouocing  that  no  foreign  fchool 
can  produce  an  annual  exhibit^oa  equal 
to  that  of  England. 

Mift  LiNWOOD's  exhibition  of  pic- 
tures in  needle-wodc,  continues  to  attra^ 
and  aftonifh  the  lovers  of  the  fine  arts  and 
the  faihionable  world.  No  private  col- 
lection has  ever  been  more  refpe^tably 
patronized  in  this  metropolis. 

Meffif .  Boyd  ELL  have  added  a  doten 
new  pi£lures  to  the  Shakefpeare  Gallery, 
by  Smiilk£,  Westall,  Wheatley, 
and  RiGAUD.  The  gallery  it  alio  en^ 
riched  at  this  time  by  the  whole  of  the 
beautiful  M  ilton  drawings  by  We  stall. 
The  thirteenth  number  of  the  Shakefpeare 
will  be  ready  for  delivery  in  the  courie  of 
the  month. 

The  fame  gentlemen  having  purchafed 
file  admired  pi6lurcs  of  the  •*  Srum  AgesC'' 
t)y  Smirks,  which  are  now  exhibiting 
^  Somcrfet  Houfe,  propofc  to  publifh 
prints  from  them,  of  the  fize  of  the  ori- 
ginals. 

Mr.  John  Ireland's  fupplementary 
volume  to  <•  Hogartb  lUuftraUdy''  will 
petit;  vely  be  deliven^  in  a  few  days. 

Mr.  Capel  Loft  writes  to  us  fVom 
Trofloa  •,   that' after  repeated  obferva- 

*  In  his  letter  of  Uft  month,  in  a  few 
topics,  our  readers  are  rccjaeftcd,  for  •«  Bo- 
<hjn,''  to  read  Trofgn^  and  for  «  fiflj,'»  t» 
leadi^ 


tions  from  the  T3th  infl.  to  the  ltd,  Votll 
inclufive,  he  is  wholly  difappointed  at  to 
the  expeHed  re-appearance  of  the  jdar 
J^Qt  \  and  moil  thenfore  conclude  no  more 
will  be  feen  <?f  it.  This»  confidering  its 
'J)ermanence  for  fevexal  rerobtiont,  and 
Its  apparently  unaltered  ftate  as  tofig^, 
dentity,  and  fizc,  when  it  was  kfticto, 
is  to  him  exceedingly  unexpcfted. 

Dr.  Somerville,  author  of  ""T^ 
Hiftory  of  Political  TranfaSicns^  end  tf 
Parties,  during  the  Reign  ef  Klfig  Wi- 
Ham,  has  in  the  prefs  a  complete  hiftory 
of  Great  Britain,  during  the  rrign 
of  Queen  Anne.  The  aothor  has  had 
accefs'to  a  great  variety  of  original  papers, 
fome  of  the  mpft  curious  of  which  will 
be  printed  in  an  appendix  at  the  end  of 
tlk;  volume. 

The  Literary  and  Philofophical  Society 
of  Mewcaftle-upon-Tyne,  have  juft 
printed  their  ««  Frftb  Tear* J  Repori  j"  and 
likewile  fome  copies  of  "  T-wo  fj^/," 
read  before  them  by  John  Ralpji  Fts- 
WICK,  M.  D.  one  containing  ''  Rdec- 
tipns  on  Cilcareons  Manures  j'*  tht 
otlier,  "  Some  Reflexions  on  the  Tm» 
portance  of  Elaflic  Fluids  in  Vegetation, 
and  on  the  Prefervation  and  Appiicatioa 
of  Fold-yard  Manure.*' 

Mr.  Combs,  the  author  of  «  Vse 
Diaholiadi"  is  engaged  upon  a  worii  to 
be  publilhed  in  four  volumes,  which 
will  include  biographical  flcetches  of 
eminent  ch'arafters,  and  the  hiftory  of 
the  moft  coniiderable  events  of  the  prefimt 
reign. 

^  Captain  David  Colli ns,  of  the  ma- 
rines, judge  advocate,  and  iecretary  of 
the  colony,  has  announced  for  fpeedy 
publication,  "  An  Account  of  the  Eng^ 
Cdony  in  Nenu  South  WaUs^^""  from  the  dc 
paKture  of  the  firft  embarkation  in  the 
year  1 7 87,  to  the  29th  of  September  1796 : 
with  occasional  remarks  on  rbe  natives  of 
New  Holland »  from  a£(ua]  obiervation. 
He  oropolcs  to  add  an  Account  of  New 
Zealand  and  its  Inhabitants,  taken,  by 
permifiirn^  from  the  MSS.  of  Lieutesast 
Governor  King. 

Mr.  All  WOOD,  icUow.of  Nfagdalen 
college,  has  circulated  pro^poials  for  pub- 
lifhing  by  fubfcription,  a  Work  on  "  72* 
Literary  Antvpaties  of  Greece  s*"*  asdm- 
loped  m  an  'attempt  to  afcertain  princi- 
ples for  a  new  analyfls  of  the  Greek 
tongue;  and  to  exhibit  thofe  principles 
as  applied  to  the  elucidation  of  xnacy 
pafifagcs  in  the  ancient  hiftofy  of  that 
Conntry.  To  which  he  proj>oft»  to  ?dd, 
fome  obfervatSons  concerning  the  origia 
of  feveral  of  the  literal  charaficrt  in  ufe 
amon^  the  Grecians.  The 


Englijk  Literature^  Iffc. 


291 


Tbe  novel  of  Mifs  Clarke,  the 
gnod-dattghter  of  the  late  Col.  Frederic^ 
wiU  be  pubii&ed  in  the  courfe  of  the 
idoqHi. 

Mrs.  ROBiKSoN  has  announced  a  com- 
plete edition  of  her,  poetical  works,  in 
three  vokimes  8vo.  The  tenn»  of  iiib- 
fcription  one  guinea. 

A  third  volume  of  the  work  under  the 
title  of  "  7W  Ccmparative  Dijplay  of 
gritijb  Ofimont  reJpeSing  tbi  French  Re^vo- 
iuken,**  is  preparmg  for  the  prefs. 

The  firtl  volume  of  Mr.  MiLN£ii*t 
Hiftory  of  Winchefter  is  in  coniiderable 
forwaitbeis  at  prefs. 

The  Hiftory  of  the  CiMr  of  Bath,  by 
Mr.  Warner,  author  of  "  An  liluftra^ 
tmrf tbe  Reman  Antiquities  of  Bath,**  &c. 
fmbtlliflied  with  engravings,  will  be 
ready  for  publication  about  Michaelmas 
next.  »  • 

Mifs  Hays,  the  author  of  <*  Emma 
Qatrtiuj,  ^f."  has  prepared  for  piiblU 
cation  a  novel  under  the  title  of  "  Tbe 
Viftim  of  Prejudice. 

Mr.  Th  EL  WALL,  in  his  retreat  in 
firecknockihire,  is  engaged  upon  a  novel, 
and  alfo  upon  a  hiftory  of  his  own  life 
9od  times. 

A  very  intcreftino;  journal  of  Occor- 
rcnccs  in  the  Temple,  during  the  con- 
finement of  Lou  is  XVI.  king  of  France, 
is  extraAed  from  M.  Clery,  the  king^s 
valet  dc  chambre,  and  the  laft  amt  only 
lervant  of  the  royal  family.  At  the  end 
of  the  work  fac-Jimles  will  be  given  of 
the  hand-writing  of  the  queen,  of  the 
'  youne  king  Louis  XVII.  of  Madame 
RoyaTe,  and  of  Madame  Elizabeth,  from 
two  notes  written  while  they  were  con- 
fined in  the  tower  of  the  Temple,  to  the 
prei'ent  king  of  France,  and  to  the  count 
d'Artois,  now  Moniieur. 

Mr.  BoosEY  has  announced  a  new 
and  fplendid  edition  of  '<  Giover^s  Leo- 
mdasy*  to  be  printed  in  two  volumes  by 
Mr.  BbnsleYj  and  to  be  embelHfhed 
with  fix  engravings,  executed  in  the  moft 
finiihfld  manner  by  MclTr^  BartolozzI, 
Heath,  HoUoway,  Ncagle,  andDelatre; 
from  the  defigns  of  MefTrs.  Hamilton, 
Stothard,  andBurney. 

We  have  feen  in  London,  a  copy  of 
the  fiift  part  of  Didot^s  magnificent 
Virgil,  axid  confider  it,  in  refpeS  to  its 
typography  and  engravings,  a$  ftanding 
akogetber  unrivalled.  It  will  be  com- 
pleted in  three  parts,  at  nine  pounds  ench 
tor  proof  plates,  or  at  fix  pounds  each  for 
plates  which  are  ;jot  proof:  the  price  to 
he  advanced  after  tlu:  icth  cf  Mav. 
Tlus  w«i|  ^klooe  ferves  to  evince,  that  the 


arts  were  never  more  Aicccfsfully  culti- 
vated in  France  than  they  are  at  the  pre- 
fent  moment. 

In  the  fitting  of  the  National  Inftitute, 
held  at  Paris  on  the  6th  of  laft  O^. 
ber,  after  reading  the  memoirs  of  the 
three  claffes,  which  were  noticed  at  length 
in  the  preceding  numbers  of  the  **  Montb^. 
Magazine J^"  Citizen  Villa Rs,  fetretaiy 
•to  the  third,  and  Lassvs,  fecretary  to 
the  firft  clafs,  delivered  a  difcourfe  in 
honour  of  Lou  VET  and  Pelletier*. 
GuYTON  read  an  interefting  memoir 
upon  vegetable  fubftances>  made  ufe  of  for 
•the  pnrpofes  of  dying;  which  was  fuc- 
ceeded  by  a  dififertation  by  MONOES,  on 
the  infcriptions  of  coins  ahd  medals* 
RoEDERER,  as  the  oTgan  of  the  fecond 
clafs,  delivered  ibme  obfervations  on  the 
prize  fubjeclj/T/Ja  are  the  mojl proper  injiruc^ 
tors  to  regulate  fhemorals  of  a  nation?  Mo  L  x 
read  a  dialogue  between  two  joumalifts, 
on  the  application  of,  the  words  monfieur 
and  citrsun.  L^BRUN  terminated  the  fit- 
tings with  reciting  two  odes,  one  againft 
anarchy,  the  other  againft  royalty. 

The  fittings  were  divided  into  two  fcl^^ 
iiona,  to  give  an  opportunity  of  publicly 
rewarding  the  pupils  in  paintine,  fculp- 
ture,  and  architecture,  to  v^om  the 
prizes  had  been  adjudged  in  their  refpec- 
*ive  fchools.  The  following  is  a  lift  of 
the  prize  fubjefts,  with  the  names  of  th^ 
fuccefsful  competitors : 

I.  Painting,  Subjeft,  the  death  tf 
Caio  of  Uticat  in  the  moment  when  this 
illuftrious  patiiot  recovers  from  his  fwoon, 
puQies  away  the  phyfician,  opens  his 
wound  with  his  own  hands,  and  expires 
in  the  very  aft  of  tearing  his  entrails. 
The  grand  prize  was  adjudged  to,,  x. 
Pierre  Bouillon,  a  native  of  Thi- 
viers,  in  the  department  of  Dordogne,an4 
a  pupil  of  MoNSiAU.  a.  ToPxerrE- 
NarctssE  Guerin,   of  Paris,  a  pupil 

ofREGNAULT.  3.  LOUIS  AnORE  GA- 
BRIEL Bouche,  of  Paris,  a  pujpilof 
David.  The /^rp«i/^*s:^  was  allotted 
to,  I.  Louis  Hersent,  of  Paris,  apupil 
of  REtiNAULT.  a.  MatthieuIcnacB 
Van  Bree,  a  native  of  Antwerp,  in  the 
department  of  Deux-Nieuvres,  and.  % 
pupil  of  Vincent-. 

IX.  Sculpture*  Subje^,  UlyfTes  and 
Nsoptoiemus  purloining  the  bow  and  ar- 
rows of  Hercules,  to  compel  Philo6leteS 
to  accompany  them  in  their  expeditioo 
againft  Troy.      The  grand^  frize  was 

•  A  biographical  notice  ct  this  excellent 
cjiymift  was  given  in  the  "  Movthlj  Maganhi^"* 
fpr  Febniary  laft. 

.awarded 


2^ 


Nctianal  Inflhute. 


awarded  to  CHAKtBS  Aktqik£  Calla- 
MARD,  of  Paris,  a  pupil  ot  Pajou.  Ihc 
J(condpriz£^  i.  To  AiME  MilHomme, 
of  Valenciemies,  in  the  department  of  the 
North,  and  a  pupil  of  Ai^leqraik. 
9.  Ta  JiTAN  Louis  DuvALj  of  Paris,  a 
pupUof  BoizoT. 

XII.  ArcbiteSttre^  Subjcft,  plan  of 
public  granaries  for  the  fapply  of  a  large 
city»  (ituated  on  the  banks  of  a  river. 
Tbe  grand  prize  was  adjudged,  i .  to 
I.OUIS  Ambroise  Dubut,  of  Paris,  b 
pi^il  of  Ledovx.  9»  Jean  Antoxvb 
CoussiK,  of  Paris,  a  pupil  of  the  late 
Belizaro.  Second  prize t  i.  To  Eloi 
1.ABARRE,  a  native  of  Ourfcarop,  in  tiic 
department  of  L*Oiie,  ar^    a  pupil  of 

&AIMOND.        I^MaXIMILIEN      HuR- 

TAUTj  of  Parts,  a  pupil  «f  Percjer. 
Tbofe  pupils  who  abtainied  the  grafid 
fme,  are  to  let  out  for  Italy  to  per^ft 
themielves  In  the  aits,  at  the  expence  of 
die  republic. 

M.  QUATREMER  DUJONVAL,  wholc 

ingtmouft  dilcovcries  in  araneology  we 
aoticcd  in  our  VARiETXEii  for  January 
lift,  has,  in  a  fubfequent  publication, 
*  Created  of  the  great  utility  of  fpidcrs  in 
pioCe£ling  catUe,  and  more  efpecially 
iorfes,  from  the  bite  of  flies  and  gnats. 
It  it  a  common  prejudice,  he  obienres> 
thati<^iders  are  noxious  animals  ;  whereas, 
ia  fstSt,  a  more  ufeful  appendage  to  a  fta- 
blt,  or  a  cow-houfe,  cannot  be  found.  It 
is  well  known,  that  horfes  which  arc  kept 
in  aiUble  during  the  fummer  months,  fuf- 
fir  from  the  gnats  and 'flies,  in  an  equal, 
and  even  iu  a  greater  degree,  than  thofe 
which  are  employed  in  the  field,  or  for  the 
purpofes  of  travelling.  The  reafon  of 
this  is  obvious :  the  Vapours  which  exhale 
from  the  animals,  added  to  the  flrong 
0nell  of  a  (table  or  a  cow-houfe,  naturally 
Bttrad  the  flies  in  numbers  to  thofe  places. 
If,  thcrt-fonri^  fpiders,  inftead  of  being 
fwcpt  away  and  deftroyed,  were  rather  en- 
couraged r  they  would  offer  an  efleflual 
Hemedy  to  this  inconvenience,  bv  flation- 
ing  themfelires  in  ambuOi  at  the  doors,  the 
Windows,  and  other  apertures  of  places 
defined  ibr  the  reception  of  cattle  and 
korfes,  and  thus  deftroying  their  enemy 
at  his  very  firft  onfet,  M.  Disjonvai/ 
concludes  ia  the  following  words ;  «  I 
Itadily  acknowledge,  that  fpiders  and 
thrir  i^bs  are  no  proper  appendage  to 
the  habitaiiqiis  of  men  j' but  I  require, 
that  they  be:  left  in  full  ?>nd  tmdifturbed 
poifcilion  oi  all  places  defiined  for  the  re- 
ception of  cattle  and  horfes.  In  a  word,  as 
ftVolution  feems  to  be  the  ordei'  of  tlie 
day,  X  dessi&d,  that  the  innovation  lately 


adopted  in  the  adminifiratlon  of  the  perai 
code,  by  u^nfporting,  inilead  of  execut- 
ing the  profcribed  deputies,  be  adopted 
likewifev/Ithreipe^l  to  fpiders  |  and  that 
their  pum(hment,  when  found  in  our  rooms 
and  houfes,  cox^  not  in  death,  but  ia 
banifliment  to  the  flables,  or  other  appro- 
priate places.** — M.  Disjonval  bu 
I'ubjoined  to  the  above  remark^,  a  rery 
curious  fa£l,  of  which  himfeif,  together 
with  Citizen  MsRcrER,  a  member  of 
the  council  of  &vt  hundred,  and  General 
B E  L  A I R,  were  eye- witneflcs .  The  fpklCT, 
It  feems,  is  not  only  a  prognofticator  of 
tbe  weether,  but  liiLcwiie  an  OBUUeiar  of 
good  mufic,  and  will  leave  his  Ivtrkisg 
place,  when  an  inflrument  is  ikilfully 
played.  A  very  large  fpidcr  in  the  bouie 
of  \f.  Desmainvili.es,  near  the  barrier 
of  Clichy,  on  hearing  the  found  cf  mu- 
fic, immediately  left  his  retreat,  and 
continued  to  traverfc  the  floor  of  the 
room,  following  exaflly  the  motions  of 
.  the  performer*  This  experiment  was  fe- 
vera!  times  repeated',  and  always  with  tbe 
fame  effe^.  Hence,  inflcfad  of  terming 
the  fpider  a  noxious  and  offenflve  animal, 
we  ought  ratlier  to  join  in  the  paneg)Ttc 
beflowed  upon  this  ingenious  iniedt  by 
Ovid :  fares  a  PaUade  %£laik^ 

GuYTON,  in  the  71ft  number  of  th« 
Annedes  de  Chende  has  introduced  the  fol- 
lowing Intereding  obiervations  on  the 
acid  of  tin,  and  the  analyils  of  its  ores : 
It  has  long,  he  fays,  been  obferved,  that 
the  concentrated  nitric  acid  oxidates  with- 
out difTolving  tin :  for  this  metal  has  f» 
fbx>ng  an  aflmity  for  oxygen,  that  it  im- 
mediately decompofes  the  nitric  acid  Into 
oxygen'and  nitrous  gas.  If  the  acid  be 
mixed  with  water,  the  oxidation  of  the 
metal  is  flill  more  rapid,  accompan'^cd  with 
the  evolution  of  nitrate  of  ahunoniac,  pro- 
duced by  the  hvdrogen  of  the  water,  and 
the  azote  of  the  nit.  gas,  imited  with  1 
(mall  portion  oi  nitrous  acid.  If  nitrcus 
acid  be  added,  as  long  as  it  continues  to 
be  decompofcd,  the  oxide  of  tin  at  length 
afllimes  the  chara6lent  of  an  acid,  and  is 
converted  into  the  ftanmc  acid.  If  to  s 
folution  of  gold  in  pitro-muriatic  acid,  a 
few  drops  of  the  flaxmlc  acid  be  added, 
a  purple  powder  is  precipitated,  fbrnwrlr 
Cilltdtutftp  powder  afcajfau^  ajxi  which, 
in  reaU^,  h^awuite  ofgi^,  prtdnced  by 
^ngle  eleftivc  itttra^ion«  In  KtAT- 
ROM's  analyiis  of  theorem  of  tin,  parti- 
cularly, that  fpecieS'  which  is  caHed  <i(W 
fin,  he  was  unable  to  canfe  axfy  ptdrtioa  of 
it  to  difTolve  in  the  muriatic  acid :  this  he 
attributed  to  an  cxcefs  of  txy^  ia  tbr 
•  orCi 


Inttrejilng  ChemUat  News, 


Vit 


ere>  to  get  rid  of  which,  he  £uxed  in  a 
iilver  crucible^  a  Quantity  of  tin  ore  with 
fix  pa^ts  of  pot-a(h.     O^  this  mixture  Fie 
fhund  that  0.9 1  wei-e  foluble  in  water,  and 
capable  of  being  precipitated  and  re-dif- 
iblved  by  muriatic  acid.  By  decompofing 
die  muriate  of  tin  by  carbonate  of  foda, 
he  acquired   an   oxide   very   foluble  in 
muriatic  acid,  and  which,  when  preci- 
pitattd  by  zinc  and  heated  in  a  crucible 
with  fat,  gave  a  button  of  pure  metallic 
tin.  According  to  Klaproth,  therefore, 
the  cauft  of  the  infolubiiity  of  tin  ore  in 
muriatic  acid,  is  owing  to  its  being, fuper- 
faturated  with  oxygen ;  it  does  not  ap- 
pear, however,  that  fufion  with  pot-afh 
at  all  tended   to   de-oxidate  •  it }  for  in 
order  that  the  mixture  of  tin  ore  and  pot- 
afh  fliould  be  foluhlc  in  water,  it  i«  necef- 
fary  that  the  firrt  fhould  be  in  ihe  extreme 
ftiteofoxidation  ;  in  other  word i,  in  the 
ftatcofacid.     To  put  the  matter,  how- 
ever, beyond  all  doubt,  a  portion  of  tin 
was  diflolved  in  nitric  acid,  evaporated 
fo  drynefs,  and  i-epeatedly  treated  in  the 
fame  manner  with  frcfli  acidj  being  thus 
fuperfatuiated  with  oxygen,  and  walhed 
well  m   diftilled  water,  it  was  thrown' 
into  muriatic  acid,  and  perfcflly  diflolved. 
It  is  probable,  therefore,  that  the  great 
degree  of  aggregation  between  the  piirts 
of  the  ore,  and  which  (imple  pulvei  ization 
could  not  overcome,  was  the  true  caufe 
of  its  infolubiiity  in  muriatic  acid,  and 
that  the  &£lion  of  the  pot-aih  was  fimply 
the  overcoming  of  this  aggregation. 

In  the  fame  valuable  number  we  find 
an  effay  by  M.  De  Saussure,  jun.  on 
the  (jueftion,  **  Is  the  formation  of 
carbonic  acid  e-ffentlal  to  vegetation?*' 
from  fevcral  ingenious  experiments  en 
vegetation  in  atmofpheric  air,  mixed  with 
different  proportions  of  Carbonic  .acid, 
^'\  in  atn^ofpheric  air  deprived  of  car- 
bcnic  a^id,  NIr*  De  S.  ha&  deduced* the 
following  laws  ; 

I.  That  plants,  like  animals,  are 
continually  forming  carbonic  acid  while 
vegetating,  either  in  the  light  or  (hade. 

a.  That  like  animals,  thf»y  foim  this 
carbonic  acid,  by  means  of  the^xygen  of 
the  atmolphere  j  and  that  the  rcafbn  why 
the  formation  of  thia  acid  is  not  al- 
ways manU^ft,  is  its  being  immediately 
clicojupoicd.    .,  *    ,  . 

^  3.,  That  the  preH^nce,.  or  rather  th€ 
elaboratjop  of  carbonic  acid,  is  .nece^Tary 
to  vegetation  in  the  light.   . 

4.  T^iaV  light  is  favourable  to  vegeta* 
tjon,  bjr  contributing  |q  the  de^wxipoii- 
liiijct  car^qni^acidj     '. 


5.  That  plants,  while  Tegetating  ii| 
the  light,  can  lupport  a^dofe  of  carbo&ic 
acid  lo  ftrcng  as  to  deilroy  them  when  ii| 
the  fhade. 

Tlie  following  analyfis  of  the  pumice-* 
flone  of  Lipari,  is  tranliated  into  the 
fame  work  from  the  Gennan  of  K.l^p« 
ROTH,  by  Cit.  Tassaret,  with  notes 
by  GvYTON.  The  pumice-ilone  i«ccKi« 
iid«red  by  Bergman,  Caitheufer,  and  Spal- 
lanzani,  on  account  of  its  £barous  ibrac« 
ture,  and  the  magnefia  which' it  was  fnp* 
pofed  tp  contain,  as  an  aibeilos  altered  bv* 
volcanic  iire :  to  determine  this,  the  foil 
lowipg  analyfis  was  initituted  t 

The  greyiih  white  fibrous  pumice  of 
Lipari,  which  floats  on  water,  was  pul- 
verized and  boiled  for  lonoe  time  in  waten 
no  portion  of  it,  however,  appeared  to 
be  diflolved;  the  water  di£covered,  in- 
deed, on  the  addition  of  nitrate  of  filver^ 
a  flight  trace  61  muriatic  acid. 

One  hundred  grs.  of  ^is  flone  reduced 
to  powder,  were  mixed  with  twice  tlieir 
weight  oi  pot-aih  and  fuicd:  the  naft 
appeared  of  a  green  colour,  fliewing  the 
prefeuce  of  a  little  oxide  of  mangaoelics. 
when  diflolved  in  water,  it  foiioed  a 
brown ifli  liquor;  this  being  faturatcd 
wit^  weak  muriiitic  acid,  depofited  en 
digeflion  77.5  grs.  of  iilex.  A  feconl 
precipitate  being  the  whole  of  what  was 
contained  in  the  liquor,  was  obtained^ 
by  tlie  addition  of  ammoniac  :  this  pro*  . 
cipitate  being  digeftetlin  a  hot  ibiution  of 
pure  pot-aih,  rc-diflblvcd  the  whole  ex- 
cept 1.75  grs.  of  cxide  oi  iron.  The 
alcaline  liquor,  containing  alnminef  was 
fuperfaturated  by  muriatic  acid,  and  the 
alumine  precipttateil  by  carbonate  ofpot^ 
aih  j  when  walhed  and  dryed,  it  weighed 
17.5  grs.  It  was  evidently  pure  alu- 
mine j  for  being  re-diflLlved  in  iulphuric 
acid,  with  the -addition  of  acetile  of  pot* 
afli,  it  gav<;  cry  ft  ah  of  alum.  The  com- 
ponent parts,  therefore,  of  the  pumice  of 
Lipari  .^re 

Siitix  77.  %o 

Alumine  17.50* 

Oxide  of  iron     1.75 

Afmall  trace  of  xnangaAcfe— 

96.74 

The  acids  have  no  a^Slion  on  the.iimpTc 
-pulverized  flone, ,  except  ablb  acllhg  the 
raacganefe,  which  inertnci's  arifes  Hiool  ' 
the  force  of  the  aggre;;ation  of  its  conr" 
flitu^nt  parts..  .Though  the  pumicff  is 
to  light  as  to  float  on  water^  yet  when 
reduced  to  a  moderately  fine  powder,  its 
fptcif.  grav.  is  '2.14.^,  or  about^qual  to 
that  of  the  opal  or  pitchftone. 

.        .:  .  NEW. 


C    ^94    3 

N£W    PATENTS, 
In  April  1798. 


MR.  BCI7LT0N*S  FOR  RAISING  WATER. 

MANY  of  the  inventions  which, 
under  the  title  ^Krw  FaUptSf  we 
have  prefented  to  our  readert»  however 
ingenious,  have  been  capable  of  only  a 
fin|rle  application,  and  that  often  of  but 
little  iniportance.  The  difcovery,  how- 
ever,  of  new  powers  or  principles  of 
notion,  readily  applicable  to  a  variety  of 
machinery,  and  a  variety  of  ufcs,  is  of 
^ch  incaicolaUe  confequence  in  a  coun- 
try like  onr  own,  elevated  into  the  firft 
nnk  amone  the  nations  of  the  earth,  by 
the  nmitiiMicity  and  excellence  of  its 
iBanufa6ltires»  as  to  cade  a  new  aera,  not 
only  in  thofe  arts  which  are  immediately 
benefitted  by  them,  but  in  the  genei-al 
profperity  of  the  country.  The  late 
Sir  Richard  Arkwright's  fplendid  inven- 
tions have  opened  a  road  to  wealth,  and 
fiipplied  materials  for  commerce  that  have 
crowded  with  population  diftri£ls  before 
fcarcely  inhabited.  The  Steam  Engine 
of  Mellrs.  Boulton  and  Watt,  be- 
iides  materially  aiding  a  vaft  variety  of 
•urroanufaflures,  has  been  the  means  of 
rendering  accefllble  to  us,  a  large  portion 

,  of  mineral  treafures,  which,  without  this 
inftrument,  ^could  never  have  been  pro- 
cured. We  aic  happy  in  being  able  to 
notify  to  the  public,  a  difcovery  that 
promifes,  ifi  importance,  to  be  only,  and 
perhaps  fcarcely  inferior  to  the  two  above 
mentioned.  On  the  30th  Dec.  1797,  a 
patent fvuaj  granted  to  Matthew  Boul- 
ton, cfSobOjfor  an  Apparatus  and  Method 
§f  raxfing  Water  and  other  Fltdds.  The 
principle  of  action  in  all  thefe  machines 
may  he  illuftrated  by  a  dcfcription  of  the 
moft  fimple  of  them :  in  our  next  number, 
however,  we  hope  to  be  able,  by  the 
afllftance  of  plates,  to  give  a  full  and  ac- 
curate account  .of  the  various  ways  in 
which  this  principle  may  be  employed. 

A  horizontal  pipe  is  formed  of  iron  or 
any  other  Aibdance  fufficiently  ftrong, 
expanding  at  one  end  like  the  mouth  ofa 
trumpet,  and  at  the  other  fiimiflKcd  with 
a  valve  that  may  be  opened  or  fhut  at 
ple^fure :  near  this  fmaller  extremity  is 
Jet  in  a  vertical  pine,  at  right  angles  to 
the  horizontal  one,  tumiflied  at  the  junc- 
ture with  a  valve  opening  upwards,  and 
open  at  (he  other  end.     This  machine*  is 

.  let  down  into  a  llream  of  water,  fo  deep 
as  to  Qovir  the  horizontal  pipe,  the  trum- 


pet-like noouth  of  which  it  pUoed  fb  H 
to  meet  the  current  i  in  this  fitnation  the 
valve  being  open,  a  curimt  paiTes  thnxigh 
the  pipe  of  equal  velocity  with  tht  wr- 
rent  of  the  ftream :  if  the  vahre  be  then 
fttddenly  cloiedj  the  recoil  oftbecuntfit 
will  force  open  the  valvte  of  the  vertical 
pipe,  through  which  will  mih  a  Golanm 
of  water;  the  force  of  the  recoil  foon  fub- 
iiding,  the  vertical  coIubul  will  pitfsos 
the  valve  at  its  bottom,  and  caoie  it  to 
dole  the  cad  of  the  vertical  pipe,  ia 
which  the  afcending  cokunn  of  water  will 
be  detained »  The  hoi*izp|ttid  valve  being 
then  opened,  the  current  will  reconunen^ 
through  the  horizontal  pipe,  and  upon 
doling  the  yalve  a  recoil  wiU  happen  as 
before,  and  an  additional  quantity  of  ^ 
water  will  rife  in  the  vertical  pipe ;  bv  a 
repetition  of  this  procefs,  the  water  riko^ 
through  the  pipe  will  overflow  into  any 
veflel  placed  to  receive  the  water,  Ibrmiog 
a  perpetual  pump.  The  (ontrivan^  by 
which  this  mftrument  is  made  to  diaw 
^Krater,  from  a  depth  below  that  of  the 
impelling  current,  and  to  raife  it  to  any 
height,  will  be  mentioned  hereafter. 
The  uies  to  which  this  engine  niay  be 
applied,  are  various:  befides  the  nufing 
ot  water  for  the  ufe  of  brewers,  &c.  it 
may  be  employed  in  raiiing  water  firom 
the  Tea  for  fait  works,  in  draicins 
marihes,  and  pumping  Aups,  and  fupply- 
ing  with  water  thofe  canats  that  are  cat- 
ricd  over  or  by  the  fide  of  rivers, 

MR.  ECKHAKDT*S  FOR  CHAItS. 

On  January  16,  1798,  a  patent  wu 
granted  to  A.  G.  Eckhardt,  El'<;. 
F.  R.S.  Sec.  for  a  new  method  of  mak- 
ing chairs,  ftools.  Sic, 

Where  the  chair  ients  mv  rrand,  the 
propofed  improvement  confifts  in  iixiBg 
the  ieat  within  the  frame,  on  a  pivot,  lo 
as  to  enable  it,  when  the  ftop  fcrew  a 
taken  out,  to  turn  round  eafily,  and  the  two 
fides  of  the  feat  being  covq^  with  dif- 
ferent materials,  by  turning  the  (eat,^  tk 
chair  may  be  converted  from  a  comnwa 
one  to  a  beft.  If  the  feat  i$  fquai^,  9t  its 
jun^ure  with  the  back,  a  ^inge  i$.  fa- 
ftened,  upon  which  tlie  (eat,  and  two  or 
three  others  Jthat  art  ^nccnled.!*  the 
back  will  readUymoYCf  and  \fy^t^^^ 
down  the  diifcniutieatSy^e  .ctpjf  ma^ 
be  made  to  «fllune  af  ipany  di^gEcnt  av 
pearaBcen.  ... 


r  m  3 

REVIEW  OF  NEW  MUSICAL  PUBLICATIONS. 


rrtHE  favourite  Soog  Md  Pmet  in  the  Stran- 
^  ger.  The  Song  func  by  Mn.  Bland 
and  the  I>uet  by  Mrs.  Bl and  and  Mifs 
tsAKE.    21.  6d.       Ijongman  and  Broderip. 

The  firft  article  in  thU  little  publica- 
tion it  an  air  fwvetly  plainti¥e»  ami  re- 
QHfkable  for  its  natural  fimplicity.  It 
is  printed  in  fcorc*  .and  furnifhed  with  a 
part  for  the  piano-  forte*.  Accompanied 
OB  that  inftrnment  with  tbe  fecond  violin 
pvt»  which  is  in  the  aifeggie  ftyle,  it  is 
prodttfltve  of  a  very  intereftiitf  effcft. 
The  duett  :whlch  is  alio  given  in  fcore, 
poflefles  great  liirelineis  of  melody,  and 
the  two  parts  are  fo.  adjufted  as  to  do 
much  credit  to  the  hannonizing  (kill  of 
itt  compofer,  Mr.  Shaw. 
"  Would  we  had  never  met.**  An  admired 
•  Song  compofed  by  J.,  Fiffin,     is. ' 

Longman  and  Broderip. 

This  air  is  written  with  much  eafei 

and  ii  calculated  to  plealie  as  a  piam-forte 

figr.     The  paiTages   in  general  accord 

with  the  ientiments  of  the  poetry  $  but 

we  are  obliged  to  except  that  of  the  two 

clofing  notes  given  to   the  words   **  it 

£iJ"  which  certainly  would  have  been 

more  expreflive  in  the  o6tave  below. 

Twelve  Divertimentos  for  the  Piano-Forte 

and  Pedal  Harp^  with  an  Accompaniment 

of  two  French  Horns  and  Tamburinos  (ad 

Bhitum),  eompofed  by  J,  G.  Ferrari.  Op.  ai. 

los.  6d.  *  Longman  and  Broderip. 

After  a  minute  examination  of  theie 

diTcTtimentoSi  we  have  the  fatisfaflion 

to  be  able  to  pronounce  them  elegant  and 

fcientific.    The(e  are  written  on  various 

plans;  Tome  comprizing  two  movements, 

others  only  one».  and  that  fbmetiraes  very 

ihort  and  familiar.    Indeed*  for  the  moft 

party  they  are  rather  calculated  for  juve- 

tiile  than  advanced  perf<dnnei'Sy   and  by 

attentive    praflice   muft  produce  much 

improvement.      The    accompaniments^ 

which  are  iepftrately  printed,  are  adjufted 

with  confiderable  judgment,  and  greatly 

add  to  the  general  effcA. 

Jockey;  a  Scoctiih  ballad,  the  melody  from 
Little  Faany*i  Love ;  fung  by  Mtfs  Leake, 
the  words  by  3,  Arnold^  jtm.     Price  is. 

Longman'  and  Bmdetip. 
The  melody  6f  «  Little  Fanny's 
Love**  it  fo  well  fnited  to  the  wofds  here 
ffiven  to  it,  tlutt  we  have  reaibn  to  fuppofe 
Mr.  AititoLD  WfOte  them  to  this  mufic. 
The  icAtiment,  ineafure,  and  ftykof  the 
poetry  are  hi^piiy  conftdted,  and  there* 
fuflt  ^  dK  wfaok  is  aiwrel  and  plcafing 
ballad. 
Motrra.  Mao.  No.  XX:r. 


«•  Faint  Heart  ncrer  won  fair  Lady,"  a  fa- 
vourite fea-foQg  l\iag  at  the  royalty  theatre, 
by  Mr.  BortQWi,  compofed  by  Mi*  Sattndcr' 
fin.    Price  zs.         Longmaa^and  Broder^i. 
The  melody  of  this  work  is   fo  far 
fuited  to  the  ftyk  of  the  woidx,  as  to  be 
fufficieUtly  vulvar  and  common-place.  We 
delight  to  praiie  where  we  can,  and  Mr* 
Saunderson  has, on  other  occaiions,n^- 
rited  and  ihared  oiu:  approbation  ^  but  i|i 
**  Faint  Heart  never  won  fair  Lady**  he 
has  overftepped  the  oroverb,  and*  by  tp^ 
great  a  confidence  in  his  talents,  beeq  be* 
trayed  into  a  dovenlineis,  tl^t  dpe^  not 
fupport  the  chara^er  we  have  befora  giv^i 
him.  .         « 

T|ie  favourite  Overture  and  Songs  !n  Jqan  of 
Arc,,  as  performed  in  the  theatre-royal 
Covcnt  Garden,  compofed  by  ff^.  Reeve, 
Price  6a.  Longman  and  Broderjp. 

The  overture  and  fongs  of  this  ballad 
are,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  public, 
printed  feparately  i  we  ibaU .  thcx«feFtt 
treat  of  them  in  the  fame  way,  and  ipeak 
of  them  as  det^hed  articles.  The  over- 
ture is  bold  9nd  lively  in  its  opening,  pnd 
moft  of  the  paffages  are  pleaiinglv  con^ 
ceivedj  the  relief  afforded  to  tne  firft 
movement,  b^  the  introdu6Uon  of  the 
oboe  and  bafloon  in  the  relative  minor  of 
the  original  key,  is  judicious,  and  rende ra 
the  return  of  the  fubje^t  particulariy 
ftrtking.  The  theme  of  the  rondo  is  no- 
vel and  engaging,  and  the  whole  piece, 
we  think,  forms  an  excellent  praftice  for 
juvenile  performers  on  the  piano-forte. 
"  Affe^Vion  wanns  the  liejirt,"  fung  by 
Mrs.  Motmtain,  is  expreilively  fet ;  and 
the  harp  accompaniment,  which  is  equally 
adapted  to  the  piano-forte,  greatly  height- 
ens the  general  effefl.  **  Hang  war, 
hang  care,**  is  an  air  and  chorus.  The 
melody  is  eai\' and  familiar,  and  the  parts 
are  put  together  with  as  much  theoretical 
0ctllas  we  generally  find  in  produ^lions 
of  this  natui-e.  *<  Fiamouf  ia  PuceOir 
fung  by  Mrs.  Clendiningi  is  bold  and 
iimple  in  its  ftyle,  and,  to  Mr.  Reeves*s 
great  honour,  reminds  U9  of  fome  of  the 
plcafant  fterling  melodies  of  Arue's  time, 
"  In  i-ealms  of  blifs,**  fung  by  Mifa 
Sims,  is  an  air  of  which  we  cannot  fpeak 
in  terms  of  commendation;  we  do  not 
^d  in  it  any  of  the  character  which  the 
wordt  require,  nor  the  leaft  trace  of 
agreeablenefs  or  originality.  <*  Lie  (till, 
mytrembling  heart,**  is  imjpreflively  ima- 
gined, and  conveys  the  lenie  of  the  words 
with  great  truth  aiid  propriety.  *'  Your 
Qjl  minftrel 


2^6 


Review  ofNewMMfical  PuhUcationtl 


minftrtl  aikiafiib}^*^  tcar^''  Tung  by 
Mr.    Inclcdon,  -  is    animated  >   and  the 
chorus  with  which  it  concludes  produces 
a' bold  and  ftrikine  effcfl. 
Three  Sonatas  for  the  piano- forte,  in  which 
afc  introduced  as  rondos,  <«  yiva  tutte  U 
««s»9/r,**     ««  The    Dutchefs  of    Athol's 
Stralpey,'*  and  an  Iriih  air,  compofed  by 
T.Haigb.  Price  6s.  Rolfe. 

Mr.  Haich  has  written  thefe  fonatas 
in  fo  iimple  and  familiar  a  ftvle,  as  to  ren- 
der them  particularly  eligible  for  young 
pnuElitioners.  "  f^i^va  tutte  le  Vezscofii^ 
^ich  he  has  introduced  in  the  firft  piece, 
the  ««  Rondo  danfe  Ecojfotfe*^  in  tlie  fecond, 
and  die  Irifh  air  in  the  third,  are  worked 
into  excellent  piano-forte  movements,  and 
are  calculated  to  pleale  the  untutored,  as 
well  as  the  cultivated  auditor.  Indeed 
we  cannot  diirnifs  this  article  without 
complimenting  Mr.  Haigh  on  the  addrefs 
with  which  he  has  acquitted  himfelf  in 
this  dTviceable  little  work,  and  expretTuig 
our.wi(b»  that  he  may  be  encouraged,  by 
its  fale^  to  produce  fome  further  fpecimens 
of  his  ikXW  m  thisufeful  ftyleof  writing. 
,  *^  Almonza  and  Aura,**  a  celebrated  ballad, 
ai  fung  at  the  nobility*9  concerts,  conr.— 
pO^ed  by  T.  Hatgb.  Price  is.  Rolfe. 

**  Almonza  and  Aui-a**  is  an  elegant 
little  air.  The  pafTages  flowmelodioufly 
into  each  other,  and  form  that  beautiful 
nvhok  for  which  the  cultivated  ear  always 
fiftens.  The  bais  is,  if  we  may  b  exprefs 
ourfelves,  more  mafterly  than  judicious  $ 
it  Is  fterling  in  itfelf,  -but  not  perfeftly 
in  ftylc  with  the  melody ;  the  admirable 
iimplicity  of  the  latter  would  have  been 
better  confulted  by  an  under  pait,  more 
fparingly  employed. 

•<  The  poor  little  Robin,**  a  celebrated  fong, 
as  fung  at  the  theatre>royal  Covent  Gar- 
den, for  the  piano-forte,  violin,  or  German 
flute,  written  and  compofed  by  an  Amateur, 
Price  IS.  Rolfe. 

The  melody  of  this  little  effort  is 
agreeable,  though  not  formed  throughout 
by  the  ftridl  rules  of  compolition.  The 
bafs,  we  are  obli^  to  obferre,  is  in 
ibme  places  ill  cholcn ;  but  the  efleA  U 
at  the  &me  time  fo  admiffiblc  to  the  ear, 
chat  only  a  mafter  can  detect  its  ihipro- 
prieties.  We  have  fufficient  marks  of 
talent  inthi^  aaiateurio  be  induced  tore- 
eommettd  him  to  the  further  ftudy  of  mu- 
Jical  theory;  he  certainly  pofleffes  much 
rafc  of  fancy,  and,  by  proner  alTiftahce, 
•would  "pPobaWy  find  hlmfeff  qualifjed  to 
produce  ibnie  valuable  compoutions. 
A*  Apillo  et  Terpilchorc,**  No.  4,  continned 
monthly.  Price  is.  Rolfe.. 

'  This  troHeftion,  which  profofles  to  con- 
tnin  thi'  moft  «Iebr^cd  fongs^Uuets,  Pon» 
d&V&c.  ctfnt»ues  tomai^sfiiun  its.cha* 


ra£le^,  and  todo  credit  ta  the  tafe  of  its 
compiler.  We  find  in  the  prefent  num- 
ber, a  favourite  air  ui  the  ballet  of  Mdfi. 
merits  Mihtairesy  "  Cold  blew  the  wind,** 
by  GiORDANi,  a  pleafing  ballad,  anda 
duet,  by  Mozart,  and  the  ceUbrattd 
dance  introduced  by  Mademoifelle  Bossi 
and  Mr.  Gentilli,  in  "  Little  Fanny's 
Love." 

«  Forlorn  I  feek  the  filent  fcene,**  a  cuzo- 
net,  by  Peter  Pmdar^  fet  to  nufic  by  Mr. 
Suetu    Price  is,  Prefton  and  Son. 

We  are  (brry  not  to  be  able  to  fpeak 
of  Mr.  Suett's  prefent  effort  in  the 
language  of  praife.  We  can  neither  dif* 
cofver  any  thing  of  charafter  in  the  me- 
lodv,  nor  the  traits  of  feience  in  thedif* 
poiitionof  the  bafs.  In  a  word,  compo- 
fitions  like  this  ai-e  precifely  calculated  to 
expofe  the  want  of  genius,  tafte,  theory, 
and  cveiy  thing  but  the  vanity  of  ihining 
in  a  profeifion  foreign  to  thcqualificatiou 
of  the  author. 
«  The  Death  of  Robin.**    Price  is. 

Prefton  and  Sos. 
The  different  circumftances  of  the 
death  and  burial  of  poor  robin  have  beeo 
mod  fuccefsfully  attended  to  by  the  com- 
pofer  of  this  little  piece.  The  words 
"  I,  faid  the  fly,  with  my  little  eye,** 
"  who'll  dig  his  grave  ?''  «*  who'll  toll 
the  bell  ?"  and  **  hark  !  that's  bis  knell/' 
are  exprefled  with  particular  force  aod 
propriety,  and  the  whole  forms  an  eiigag* 
mg  exercife  for  the  voice  and  piano- 
forte. 

Two  favourite  Marches,  compofed  and  At^' 
cated  10  Sir  John  Sinclair,  by  J,  N.  Zmtf- 
man.     Price  is.  Holland  and  jooei. 

Thefe  marches,  though  uot  of  6rn-nue 
excellence,  I'ank  far  above  the  generality 
of  this  fpecies  of  compoiitian.  Some- 
what uf  the  true  martial  Xtylc  pervades  the 
firfl  of  the  two  pieces,  and  toe  iecood  ii 
charaflerife^  by  an  attra^ive  fpriglitli- 
neis. 

**  Divine  Harmony,"  being  a  colIe^on  cf 
pfilm  and  hytnn  tune^,  in  fcorc,  com- 
pofed by  the  late  Rev.  PbtKton UeidiyylA.  K 
To  which  are  added,  four  pfafm  tunes, 
compofed  by  the  late  Rev.  Thcmsx  Sttrf, 
M.  A.  Che  whole  arranged  and  pj^bliihci 
by  JatH  Pagtf  of  St.  PauPt  'CatbcAal. 
Price  4s,  Riley- 

We  have^pxammed  the  (cores  of  t}teie 
tune«i,  and  *&»!  them.  adjiiM  whh  that 
judgment  which  beljpeaks  the  the^etical 
proficiency  of  their  r^pp^jiijt,.4ut]i0n. 
The  work,  taken  in  tk  <lgg^igaie,fQnBS 
aif  ^celletit  colle^llon  or^^\ii^  m^ 
dies  ;  and  by  ita  familJMSilfiatfi  finpH*' 
.city,  ^  admuably  adaptfidttk  t^Sanhf 
ulii  of  private  famiiici,  '  -  >  ^ 
. ,  .       ..,  ..  ..J  icA<»K. 


f    297    ] 
A  CORRECT  LIST  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

Tkt  foUvtoing  is  offtreJ  to  the  Tubttc  as  a^omphte  lijiofatl  Publications  wtbin  the  Montb.'^A^bcrt 
end  Puhhfrcrs  who  dtfirt  a  correSi  and  early  Nuke  of  their  fForh^  are  irstreated  to  tranjmt 
(»fm  of  the  fame. 

ANtiqjir.xTizs. 

ANTIjJUITIE^of  Ionia,  parts,  publlflied 

"•  by  the  Society  of  DUletanti^  large  folio, 

withpUtei. 


3I.  13s.  6d.  Nicol. 

■  lOGRAPHT. 

£ar]  Moira,  hy  a  Son  of  St.  Patrick,  is.  6<i. 
Harding. 
A  new  cditioa,  greatly  enlarged  and  im- 
proved,   of  the  General  Biographical  Die- 

tionaiyi  in  xs  ^^^'  ^^*     5^-  5** 

Robinfona,  &c. 
A  new  edition  of  M<Corinick's  Life  of 
Burke,  with  a  portrait,  4to.  iSs.  boards. 

Lee  and  Hurft. 

The  Hiftory  of  the  Heign  of  Shah  AUum, 

the  prcfent  Emperor  of  Htndoftan,  containing 

the  tranfa^ions  of  the  court  of  Delhi  for  36 

yeart,  by  IK  Franektm^  4to.  il.  4s.  Faulder. 

DRAMA. 

The  Myfterlous  Marriage,  a  play,  in  three 
ads,  by  Harriet  Lee  J  2a.  Robinfons. 

He's  Much  to  Blame,  a  comedy,  as  it  is 
a&ed  at  the  theatre-royal,  CoVeot  Garden, 
is,  Robinfons. 

The  Stranger,  a  comedy,  freely  tranflated 
from  Kotsuhue^s  German  comedy  of  Mifan- 
thropy  and  Repentance,  is.  6d.  Dilly. 

A  Cftries  of  Plays  ;  in  which  it  is  attempted 
to  delineate  the  ibronger  paffions  of  the  mind, 
each  paiBon  being  the  fabjeA  of  a  tragedy 
and  comedy,  Svp.  6s.  CadcU  and  Davie's. 

Don  Carlos,  a  tragedy,  tranflated  from  the 
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EDUCATION. 

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A  Key  to  the  claflical  Pronunciation  of 
Greek  aod  Latin  proper  Names,  in  which  the 
words  are  accented  and  divided  into  fyllables 
exadly  as  pronounced,  by  yohn  f^aiketf  59. 
boarxis.         •     ■  Robinfons. 

Ezercifes  upon  the  Rules  of  Conftruftion 
of  the  Spanifh  Language)  condfting  of  paf- 
(ages  extra^ed  from  the  beft  authors,  with 
r«rcrences  to  the  rules  of  SpaniHk  granmiar, 
by  the  Bxv..  DoaRIife  Fernandez^  AM,  as.  6d. 

Wingrave. 

The  Plan  of  Education  puilued  in  Mrs. 
LandenV academy,  Han*s-pu!&e,  Sloan-ftreet, 
28.  RidgMr.iy. 

.  .       .        ^  G«OOKAPMY. 

A  compUte  View, of  the  Chlnef«  Emptrey 
Jvo.  7s,.$pard8.  .  ..  Ca.wthQnf. 

MZDtCI^C, 

TKeln^uenceofl^etairic  Tractors.  00  the 
human '^^ONly,  in  remc^lhg  various  painful 
ioflamxnatoryDifeafes,  byB.  D.  Par  kins  iA.M, 
foof  'Ol?-  'D.  PAfkSnj,  of  NkiTth  America,  the 
4ificaar^er^ u; 41. . ^  *'.  Johnfon. 

Obfervations  on  .Infaultf  {  -wHli  pnrfHt^l 
KepH^ifi^  on  the  Difcafcy  »ad  an  Account  of 


the  morbid  Appearances  on  DifTedions,  by 
JohnHaJlantf  3s.  Rivingcons. 

A  third  Diflertation  on  Fever,  part  i, 
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Remarks  on  the  Ftjiula  Lacbtymatis,  vfitk 
the  defcription  of  an  operation  diftereot  from 
that  commonly  ufed,  and  cafes  annexed,  by 
James  fVofe^  furgeon,  3s.  Dilly, 

MISCELLANXIS. 

The  j9frU  Fafriomt  of  London  and  Paris  5 
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favourite  dreflcs  of  the  month:  intended  for 
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per  month.  Hookham  and  Carpenter. 

Seledlions  from  the  moft  celebrated  foreign 
Literary  Journals,  and  other  periodical  Pub- 
lications, 2  vols.  8vo.  boards,  i6s.     Debrett. 

AiTefled  Tax  Aft  for  1798,  fully  explain- 
ed, by  Dr.  Trufier,  6d.  Byfield  and  Co. 

Memoirs  of  the  Literary  and  Philofophical. 
Society  of  Mancheftcr,  vol.  5,  part  1,  with 
plates,  6s.  Cadcll  and  Davies. 

The  Falhionable  Cypriad;  in  a  feries  of 
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Henderfon. 

KOVELS. 

Waldorf;  or  the  Dangcrs-of  Philofophy, 

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Canterbury  Talcs  5    containing  the  hiftory 

of  the  two  Emilys,  by  Sophia  Lee,  author  of 

the  Recefs,  &c.  vol.  a,   boards,  78. 

Robinfons. 

Clermont;    a  talc,  in  four  volumes,  by 

R.  Af.  Roche,  14s.  Lane. 

Phedora;    or   the    Foreft  of  Minikii    by 

Mary  Chariton,  ^voii.  j%s.  Lane. 

Stella,  founded  on  a  recent  event  in  private 

life,  tranflated  from  the  German  ofM.  Goethe, 

as.  ^  Hookham  and  Co. 

More  Ghofts,  3*vds,  xos.  6d.  Lane. 

Edmond  Oliver,  by  Charles  Lloyd,  2  vols. 

lamo.  %%.  boards.  •■     Lee  and  Hufft. 

He-  would  be  a  PecJ*,  ft  vols.    iimo.  5s. 

fewed.  Lee  arid  Huri^. 

The  MidnigJit    Belli     »"Ocriban  «ory, 

gvola..  los.  6d.       ;  *    Symoftd^. 

.       HATVaAL'tUSTOaYy  ,*Ci 

The  Natural  Hiftory  of  the  Year  5  beioff 
an  enlargement  pf  Dr.  Aikin's  Cakhdar  of 
Nature^,  by  ^thur  ^kiu,  as.  6d,,  boards. 

.  ,  •  «     Johjifooi. 

■      '*  POLITXCS; 

A*  Chapter  to  the  En'gU/b' Multitude/ by 
Otff  of  the  People;  li.  Syraonds. 

•.  CoBfi*tat&ais    upon  the  State  of  public 
A&iirs  at  the 'bcginniog  of  1798,  by  the  au- 
thor 


29S 


New  PMKcativns  fn.  Afrit 


thor  of  **  Coofiderattofis,  $cu  at  tbe  begin- 
ma%  of  I75f6,"  evt  i«n4 1,  3$.  RiTim^ons. 

The  Names  of  the  NobilUy,  Gentry,  and 
othen,  who  contributed  tothectefebce  of  the 
cduntry  at  the  tlmie  of  the  Spanifli  invafion 
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.  A  l»etterof  a  Freeholder  toMr.Johnes, 
VI.  P.  for  the  county  of  Denbigh,  on  the 
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6d.  Faulder. 

An  Inquiry  into  the  State  of  the  Public 
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State,  in  a  leUer  tp  M^  fTdbafirct^  Efq. 
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the  French  expedition  to  Bantry>Ba,y,  off  Ire- 
land. Towhicni3added,an  Appendix),  wiierc- 
In  are  enumerated  the  difRcultics  an  invading 
army  muft  encounter  in  England ;  togetiier 
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Trut  Patriot,  6d.  Of  lat  fnr  45.  id.    '  'Wi^ight. 

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tfrSf  jun,  as.  '         Jordan. 

A  Propofal  Ibr  fuppiying  London  with 
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another,  according  to  air  aiuiiial  aiBse,  Ire. 
&C  IS.  Becket. 

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and  City  of  London,  iUuftrated  by  Iburplites, 
by  Sir  fhderici  Edetiy  bart.  as.  6d.       White. 

The  fourth  Report  cf  the  Society  fsr  bet- 
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forts  of  the  poor,  is*  Bedeet. 

The  Outlines  of  a  Plan  for  efhblifhiog 
an  united  company  of  Britifh  maitufadvrm, 
6d.  Gaiakiii. 

•    raiNTs. 

Peace  and  War,  from  pidurcs  by  the  late 
fT.HodgtSf  engraved  \)j  J.  MeJUnd^  10  in- 
ches by  30,  four  guineas,  coioured. 

HookhasnasdCo. 
yoiTfcr. 

The  Wild  Huntfntan*s  Cbace,  a  legendary 
ba}lad,  from  the  German  of  BSrgtr^  is.  Lov. 

Retribution,  and  other  poems,  by  E 
Ar|ivf,  IS.  Clarice. 

Thalia  to  Elixa ;  a  poetical  eptflle  from  the 
comic  mufe  te  theCountefs  of  D.  is. 

RichardTofis. 

Poems,  by  J*fift  Faweettf  5s.  boards. 

Johfifoo, 

Blank  Verfe,  by  Odries  Uyd  'andOarh 
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Mary,  tlie  ofier-peeler|  by  a  Latfy,  4to. 
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svacsRT. 

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other  diftortions  in  the  legs  and  feet  of  chil- 
dren, intended  to  fhew  under  what  circum* 
ftances  they  are  curable,  orotherwife;  with 
thirty-one  cafes,  that  have  been  fucc^sfvUy 
treated  by  the  method  for  which-  the  aadior 
has  obtained  the  King*s  patent,  and  the  fpcd- 
fication  of  the  patent  for  that  poipafe,  ts 
well  as  for  curing  diftortiooa  of  the  fpiaie,SJ>i 
every  other  deformity  that  can  be  remedied 
by  mechanical  applications,  by  T.  SMdr*k, 
trut's.maker  to  the  Weftntinfter  Hofpitiii 
and  A^ry-le-fione  infirmary. 

Murray  and  Higl^. 

THXOLOCT. 

A  Sermon  preached  before  the  Hon.  tiajTe 
of  Commons,  on  the  ^  of.  thmymtt-AAi  hj 
:  the  Rev.  Cbarles  Mofs^  D.  Dw .  ijsa  - 

RavxigBsls< 

Other    fail  Sermons,  by  ygmaiiBas^  at 

Beckingham,  and  by  D.  IV.  Gole^  at  Afoihta, 

.  is»  Runngttis- 

Confiderations  «n  the  DoaiiniS^otfra-FBtge 

.  State,  &c.  &c.  by  RUiard-Amntn^  ^SLvkardf. 

A  Tranfbtion  of  the  New  TefUaocnc  ftvn 

» the  ori^irtJ  Greek,  with  ootc?^  i4*.-ieu«l. 
I  and  6s<  *    ik  -*  »  Tificadrl^' 

The 


NiW  Puilkiift$ns.^jSccmf0xtfl)^ifeafes. 


^9]f 


/rhi  Q«»ll&Mi«i^Ptkifiii4iMft|sl»  \n  Che 
Rct.  Jl,  >.  FiMcb^  D.  D.  M.  Gingtr. 

A  Serinoa  aC  tbc  cooiectatioii  of  the  new 
c&iirchy  lUduKyy  by  J,  Spimtu,  4to.  is. 
Rivjngtont. 

A  Scarmon  In  iid  of  the  TohiniBry  cootd- 
betions,  by  the  Rev.  IT.  Gbodlr,  A.  JM,  is. 

litTIOgtOiDS. 

A  Phitofophkal  ZXfcottffe  mi  Providence 
afUfeflcd  to  the  modem  of  Great  Briuln^  by 
thftUn.  Mr,  jiMmd^  ju  JohnfoiL 

Aa  AbrUgiBCOt  of  the  ProleAsnt  Dlfl^n* 

ter^  CatechUm*  by  the  Aubor^   prke  6d. 

^  with  allowance  for  a  namber.  Cootkr. 

A  Scripture  Catcchifm:  the  anfw^rt  bein^ 
in  the  words  of  the  bible.  The  6th  edition^ 
price  4d.  Conder. 

Direaionft  for  hearing  the  Word  with  Pro- 
fit :  an  ordination  fennon»  by  5.  Painurj  now 
Separately  printed,  price  6d«  Conder  ft  Palmer. 

Aa  ExaxniMtioo.of  the  leading  Principles 
of  the  new  Syftem  of  Morals^  as  that  prin- 
ciple if  ftated  and  applied  in  Mr.  Godwin*a 
Enquiry  concerflSng  Political  Juftice,  in  a  let- 
ter to  a  fricndy  it.  6d.  JLongnuuu 


TOrOQKArMTy.ftC        ^^ 

Specimens  and  parts,  topographical '  aaft' 
hiftorical,  of  a  Topographical^  CoRUDercfal^ 
Civil  and  Kautical  Hiftory  of  South  Britaljip 
by  Samud  hnpan^  M.  A.  fellow  of  Braxen-' 
aofe  College,  lis,  Fauldee.' 

Two  fuccedive  Toiffs  throughout  the* 
whole  of  Wales,  wlthfeveral  of  ^  adjaoea^ 
cotthties,  by  H.  Skrwe,  Ef^.  Svo.  #•.  bbari«r 

VpYACSt    AXD    TlAVtLI. 

Narrative  of  the  Lofs  of  the  flilp  Hercalc^" 
cominaaded  by  Captain  Bayamm  Sind,  on  iWb 
coaft  of  Cadiraria,  the  i6th  «f  Tune,  179^} 
alfo  a  circumftantial  detail  of  his  tnivcU 
through  the  fouthcrn  dIftrlfU  of  Africa,  Sf«« 
3s.  Johfl^^ 

in  ratKCH. 

tEuvrei  Melees  de  M,  L.  DttttnSp  3  voh. 
4to.  boards,  zl.  14s.  Elaileyv 

Eflai  fur  lesCauies  de  laPerfeaion  de  la 
Sculpture  Antique,  et  fur  les  Moyeas  4^ 
atteindre,  par  M.  U  CbtMdur  Lanu  4t  CiUkri 
capiuiae  de  cavaleiie.  Bagf]ii» 


ACCOUNT  OF  DISEASES  IN  LONDON, 

From  tbi  20th  (f  March  to  the  ior5  of  April. 

ACUTE  DISEASES. 

Hernia         *               • 

•         * 

NQ,9fCaJit,    Diarrhea 

'4 

PERIPNEUMONIA 

Peripneumonianotha     «- 

. 

1    Hftmorrhoia     .  -             - 
a    Dyfucia 

-    ,     ♦ 

Catarrh 

• 

4    IQenis                •                 . 

•       ..  i 

Inflammatory  Sore  Throat 

> 

3    Hypochondriafii 

«         4 

Typhus -Mitior 

• 

10    Hyfteria 

•         '9 

Intermittent  Fever 

• 

a    Paralyiis            -                . 

*         3 

Ephemera 

. 

3    Vertigo 

^          w 

Meafles 

• 

2    Herpes 

«         • 

CHRONIC  DISEASES. 

Dyfpnea 

r 

a    Prurigo 

•        -% 

Cough 

9    Tiaea 

•         8 

Cough  and  Dyfpnoa 

•■ 

10    Nephralgia. 

1 

Hoarfenefs 

. 

S    Chronic  Rheumatlfm 

•         .6 

Haenopeyfit 

• 

4    Sciatica                -                • 

«          1 

Hcaica               -                -     • 

• 

a                PUERPERAL  DISEASES. 

Palmonary  Confomptmi 

« 

)    3    Ephemera 

-       i 

Hydrothorax 

* 

5    Menorrhagia  Loa|iialis 

* 

Pleurodyne 

- 

a    Maftodynia 

1 

Afcitet 

- 

a    Diarrhea          . 

-    -           4- 

AnoTarca 

• 

■3                 INFANTILE  DISEASES.       „  .  ' 

Cephalalgia 

•> 

a    Aphthje 

-      .-.* 

Opthaimia        *               .«• 

• 

4    Ophthalmia            -.     .    .:  p    - 

-   -      ,\.A« 

Fittor  Albut 

* 

4    Ophthalmia  PurulenU 

-..  •    ■:% 

Menorrhagia  gravidarum 

m 

2    Worms        -                ;    . 

*    \     % 

m 

I     Convulfio          *    ;             «   . 

?x 

AbnitMA 

• 

i    Hooping  Cough     ,     .     -^  . 

*  '.  4        fl 

Amedterhsa'       - 
Chloral  .      m,    . 

^  9       The  cafc$  of.  fcycr  arc  more  numcront 

HepitrtkCftnitfca           ^        . . 

- 

I  ■  than  in  the  preccdi^ifcmontfi ,  *  anrf  fcTcval 
J    of  them  proved' iinUffiallytddtoUtf^Mob- 

Gottaoiyoia'.  .    .•%  .         .• 

,^ 

..     3    ftinaitc.     Sonurof  t'b.ciii  cpni™ 
^  ,.pain  in  (he  'bowels,  atten^fa' 

iepftrt,i!^HH 

Dyijpe^fia         * 

. 

with  J.  dif- 

Voiaatus       w               # 

.     « 

2  •.clvuTffe.offoBiidand.d^k.^cfllii 
5    whick  fjrmptora   continued  1 

i'uM^q?»» 

■  Encarcdyiria      .  ^  "       .  • 

• 

durincK^ahe 

rnocuttfitia  Vagime 

^ 

.  2    whote  mi  the  diicftle.    rlw  one  of  t£e  in- 

fUoceSi 

I>lfeafes...J?tihUc  Jffkirs. 


300 

(lajic^,  the  fever  was  protracted  to  the 
unufual  length  of  fcvtn  weeks.  After 
the  fjfft  two  week-Sy  during  which  time 
the  fjopptoms  were  grjidually  aggravated; 
they  continued  ftatlonary  for  nearly  three 
weeks«  and  afforded  ^  hope  that  tne  dif- 
eaie  was  proceeding  to  a  favourable  ter- 
mination. After  this>  however,  the 
fymptoms  again  returned  with  fuch  vio- 
lence as  to  threaten  a  fpeedy  diflblution. 
Tlie  pulfe  became  fo  quick,  fo  feeble  and 
indiftin£l  as  to  render  it  difficult  to  ca|* 
culatQ  the  number  of  its  drokes.  Foetid 
flboJs  were  dilcharged,  and  theie  fome- 
times  came  away  without  the  patient  be- 
ing coniicious  of  it.  The  ddirium.  in- 
creafed,  fubfulius  Undinum  conunenced, 
and  every  thing  Teemed  to  prognoflicate 
a  fatal  termination.  Bliifers  hs^  already 
been  applied  for  the  relief  of  different 
organs  which  had  been  efFe6^ed  in  the 
courie  of  the  difeafe :  but  in  this  ftate  of 
extreme  debility,  it  was  judged  propci* 
to  apply  them  to  the  extremities;  and 
they  were  accordingly  applied,  firft  to 
the  upper  arid  afterwards  to  the  lower 
extremities}  and  the  ufe  of  tbem  was 
happily  fucceeded  by  fome  abatement  in 
the  qurcknefs  of  the  pulfe  and  thefuhpti- 
ius  tendinum.  In  this  cafe  a  full  dole  of 
X)pium,  adminiftercd  in  the  evening  with 
a  view  to  abate  reftlefCiefs  and  anxiety 
and  to  procure  fleep,  did  not  fucceed,  but 
the  fame  quantity  in  divided  dofes,  com- 
bined with  camphor  and  valerian,  had  a 
much  better  effeft.  After  a  long  drug- 
rie,  and  in  the  courfe  of  the  eighth  week 
from  the  commencement  of  the  difeafe, 
the  fymptoms  gradually  abated,  and  the 
patient  is  now  m  a  ftate  of  convalefcence. 

At  the  clofe  of  the  laft  month  feveral 
cafes  of  hacmoptoe  occurred,  in  which  the 
repeated  ufe  01  the  lancet,  tJie  application 
of  leeches  and  blifter's,  the  ule  of  anti- 
iponial  remedies,  and  a  (lender  diet  happily 
lucceeded  in  the  recovery  of  the  patient. 

In  one  of  thefe  cafes  a  ha^a  cough, 
quicknefs  of  the  pulfe,  and  a  confidcrable 
heat  of   the  ikiu,  continuing  for  dam^ 
time,  affbixied  but  an  unfavourable  pit>g 
noflic  rc/pc6ling  the  termination  ^f  .the 


difeale:  btit  thde  fymptotaM  ywlded  at 
tail  to  a  fteady  .perfrverance  in  the  tife  of 
the  means  juft  mentioned,  tn  fimie  in- 
ftances,  the  difficulty  of  prevailing  oo  a 
patient  to  fubmit  to  matdict  and  regimen, 
which  is  of  principal  coafequence  in  diis 
difeaie,  forms  a  material  impediment  to 
the  cure.  The  debility  induced  by  tlie 
lofs  of  blood,  and  the  various  means  em- 
ployed, is  oonfideredby  the  patient  as 
a  fufficient  apok>gv  for  taking  in  iatot 
cordial  diet,  and  tA«s  the  circuiatioa  is 
increaied  in  fpite  of  every  elfert  of  tlie 
medical  praAitioner  to  dtminifh  it,  a  fteih 
haemorrhage  is  produced, and  a  foundattqi 
laid  for  the  mod  fatal  fymptoms,  which 
fooner  or  later  occur  as  the  coofequence  of 
this  imprudence. 

Jhe  Deaths  in  die  Bills  of  Mortality  for 
"  the  fcift  four  weeks,  are  ftated  as  foUow: 

Abfcefs            -               .  -         3 

Abortive        •  .       -  -          3 

Aged    •           ►                   .  •        S9 

Ague                •                -  -         I 

Apoplexy         -                 -  .6 

Afthma         -         ^        -  -        59 

Brain  Fever              ^      -  .  -          j 

Cancer                     -  .6 

Child-bcd^        .         -  -         6 

Confumption        -            -  -      396 

Convulfions                 -  -      3(» 

Croup                   -     •  -          I 

Dropfy            -                  -  -        77 

Evil                *                   -  -          I 

Fever          -          .        •.  .      m 

French  Pox                    -  •4 

Gout                -                -  -         S 

Hooping  Cough                -  -       st 

Jaundice           -                     -  -         5 

Inflammation          -        .  .30 

Liver-grown              •  .  -         i 

Lunatic                .     .       ^  ■^4 

Meaflcf            -            -  -        I) 

Mortification                 -  -,       t% 

Pslty            .                     -  .         5 

Pleurify                    - .  *          '  ;.  •        j 

Rupture            •                -  ■  *    -     j 

Small  Poz               •             «  - .       5t 

Still-born  *  •*>  '^  46 
Suddenly  -  «  -  .-»  u 
Teeth  -  -  .  c.  r*  27 
Thrufh             -    .,           -      ..  -  -ifrt  .      i 

Wuter  |n  the  Hnd              -  -     .^f!  1      | 


STATE 


OF    PUBLIC 
In  Aprily  J798 


APTAIRS: 


GJIEAT  BtXTAIN. 

A  preis  of  origBial  matter  in  our  laft 
XJt  (Number;  obliged las  to  {Softj^om  thb 
principal  pa«  of  theTetrofpefet  of  Wibl« 
ai&ir^  till  thiji  montb;  therefore  atketch 
pjt  thole^  of  both  Nfarch  and  Aprll^^ili 
"he  givtn  iiitheprefttttiurcouiit. 


Dutifig  fetefil  diy»  in  tlie  WWh  of 
Miiwh>-  the  a«ent«w '^cf^Vh^J'Ptrpr. 
Cooneil'waA  paifl  to  theinvelttAticm  ofi 
treafohahle  cbfrefpondttrctf,'  iaW tbterc 
been  c^r  led  on  %cti*eew  fbrfie' p^f^  to 
this  ct)iBitirt -atttf  France?"^  Al^W^rfl 


^U  bf  PuhVtc  Affairs.. 


exadBQatioRt,  Mr.  O^Cdnnor,  Kf r.  Biimv 
Mr.  Qt%Iey>  Mr.  Allen,  and  Jeremiah 
larjy  were  committed  under  a  charge  of 
high  treaibnj  foon'  aften»ards  a  com- 
miiiion  was  made  out  for  trying  them  at 
Maidftoney  at  the  head  or  which  was 
Mr.  Jttftice  Buller.  The  commiilton 
was  opened  at  that  place  on  the  loth  of 
April.  On  the  lath  of  April  the  pri- 
ibnerv  were  brought*  to*  the  Bar,  artd  in- 
formed bjT  the  Judge,  that  the  Grand  Jury 
of  the  coumy  had  found  a  bill  of  indict- 
ment againft  them  for  high  treafon,  and 
that  the  court  intended  to  adjourn  no  tho 
30th  of  April,  when  they  would  be 
arraigned. 

About  the  iame  time  feveral  pcrfons 
were  taken  into  cuftody  at  Manchefter, 
under  a  charge  of  high  treafon,  and 
brought  to  London,  and  alfo  feveral 
perfons,  members  of  the  London  Cor- 
re/pondin^  Society. 

Mr.  Wilbcrforce,  in  the  Houfe  of  Com- 
mons, on  the  ad  of  March  obferved,  that 
10  purfliance  of  a  notice  which  he  had 
lately  given,  concerning  the  rcimburfc- 
mcnt  of  thofe  cofts  vmich  magiibates 
incurred  by  adminiftrin?  the  laws,  he 
ifaould  now  move  "  for  leave  to  bring  in 
a  bill  authoriiang  certain  courts  to  deh-ay 
the  expences  which  magiftrates  might 
incur  in  profecuting  tor  mifdemeanors, 
by  paying  the  fame  out  of  their  refpeftivc 
county  ftock.**  Mr.  Mainwaring  op- 
pofed  the  motion.  Mr.  Rofe  ftated,  that 
a  late  decifion  in  the  Court  of  King*s 
Bench  rendered  fuch  a  bill  neceffary  to 
be  pa0«i  into  a  law,  and  the  motioa.was 
agreed  to. 

Mr.  Pitt,  having  on  a  former  day 
fignified  his  intention  of  propofmg  the 
repeal  of  the  watch  and  clock  tax,  on 
account  of  its  lamentable  effe^s  upon  a 
very  numerous  clafs  of  mechanics  en- 
gaged in  themanufti£lure  of  thofe  articles ; 
on  the  i4.th  of  March  obferved  to  the 
houfe,  that  although  he  had  occupied  a 
conftderable  portion  of  his  time  in  form- 
ing a  plan  of  aifeffineut,  to  be  adopted  ih 
Iteu  of  the  tax  on  clocks  ^d  watches, 
h^  had  not  then  definitively  arranged  it, 
but  /hould  premife  what  obje^s  he -had 
thought  proper  to^firled  as  fit. tor  iKiditi- 
onal  taxation.  Thefc  Were  the  duties  on ' 
inhabited  hou(es,  window-lights,  horfds 
ufed  in  bufhandryr,  and  dogs.  The  tax 
on  clacks  and  watchesiiad  been  eftimatat 
to  produce  t0o,oooU  and  lUi&ium  would 
certainly  ht  obtained,  if  the  dutiei  he  had 
juft  mcarloned  were  addkionoAly  affrflVd- 
by  impofts  of  ofi^t  feveoth  oi- one  eighth  bf 
their   prcferit  producCt    It  was  hi»  in- 


301 


tention,  therefore,  to  raake  this  a  part  of 
his  plan.  The  adjuftment  of  the  taxes  to 
be  raifed  in  lieu  of  thofe  repealed  was 
deferred  for  a  few  days. 

On  the  ad  of  April,  Mr.  Pitt  Intro-, 
duced  into  tlte  Houfe  of  Commons  his 
plan  for  the  Redemption  of  the  Land  Taxn. 
He  faid,  he  had  a  plan  to  propofe,  which  > 
had  occupied  much  of  his  attention,  and. 
of  which,  on  a  former  day,  he  had  given. 
notice.  He  had  no  doubt  but  the  country 
vfiuld  derive  ultimately  the  greateft 
teaiefit  from  this  meafure.     The  leading  • 

{principle  of  his  plan  was  to  abforb  a 
arge  quantity  of  ftock  now  in  the  market>. 
by  transferring  it  to  the  purchafers  of  the. 
land  tax,  on  conditions  equally  eligible^ 
to  the  purchafers  and  to  the  public.  The 
wealth  and  indulbir  of  the  country,  he  was - 
aware,  were  fubje^  to  flufluate  in  local, 
inftances,  but  looking  to  the  general  ftate 
of  the  national  property  in  an  aggregate 
point  of  view,  and  from  caretuUy  ex-, 
amining  into  the  internal  fituation  of  the 
country,  he  had  the  pleafure  to  ftate  that 
we  had  now  a  greater  command  of  capital 
than  at  any  former  period  in  the  hiftory 
of  Great  Britain.  He  would  then,  Ih 
the  firO:  inftance,  fimply  ftate  that  the 
amount  of  thesland  tax  was  i,oop,oool.., 
per  annum.  For  near  a  centucy  this  tax 
nad  not  been  tefs  than  the  uniform  rate  of 
4s.  in  the  pound,  fo  that  gentlemen  eould 
not  have  any  great  expefbation  of  any. 
diminution.  By  his  plan,^the  public  in 
point  of  revenue  would  gain  400,eooL 
He  propofed  that  when  the  3  per  cents* 
are  at  50,  for  inftance,  that  the  value  of 
the  land  tax  ihould  be  rated  to  the  pm**. 
chafer  at  twenty  years  purclufe. 

At  52 1  to  be  rated  at  14  years  purchafe. 

At  55 ^%  ■ 

At57j ^-    aj 

At  60  —  --."-  14 
By  this  plan,  he  faid,  the  public  might- 
have  the  advantage  of  four  years  purchafe 
between  the*  3  per>  cents,  and  the  fale  of 
the  land  tax.  This  would  alfo  give  a  clear 
profit  of  cieht  millions  of  money  ^  which 
fum  being  likcwift:  invcfted,  will  produce 
an  annual  income  of  460,0001.  taking  the 
pnce-of  the  3  per  cents,  at  an  average  of 
5$..  In  this  manner  the  public  would 
*  redeem  about  80  millions  of  3  per  cents, 
yielding  an  annuity  of  1,400,0001.  per 
annum,  in  lieuvofitfae  annval. grant  of 
»iMd  miUioos  ivom  the  kad  tax^aM.all  tM 
e9(pe»ee«  ^.  colk&soii.  He^.alfo^. urged. 
th4  fuither- advantage  to  be  dcnrntfirom. 
tht9s  foheme  of  taking  damillions  of  public 
debt  out  pf  the  market.^  Hotwithftandm^ 
thefe  fpeciout  asgummlSi  this  plan  of  the ' 

minift.r 


3« 


Si^u  9f*m6i  Jtfttm^ 


K^eaabfe  membei*.  JLoid  Sheffield 
«aUcd  tt  ^<the  noft  extraonitnanr  «nd 
VDjuft  meaftire  he  had  tnt  bcira  of/* 
llr.  Tierncy  and  Sir  WUHsSn  Ptiltcney 
vane  alfi>  againft  it.  At  len^h  the 
oneftioa  wuput  and  agreed  to  without  a 
divifioii*  The  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 
diaquer  hat  been  equally  Aiccefiiful  In 
fiittfe  fubicquem  ftages  of  this  bill. 

On  the  3d  of  Ai>ril,Mr.  Wilberforce 
itade  another  effort  in  the  l&niie  of  Com- 
I  to  procure  the  abolition  of  the  Hare 
\  \  but  the  majoritv  of  the  members 
at  ntoai  indexible  to  the  tales  of 
tva/Stf  and  oppctflion  which  are  czercifed 
vpoa  the  onloppy  Africans  by  civilized 
Europeans.  The  propofition  wa»  ftrongly. 
^ppoatd  by  Mr»  Aryan  Edwards,  H^le 
fccal  knowledge  of  die  fubjedt  iecmed  to 
iftai&e  a  forcibb  impreflion  upon  the  hpufe. 
Upon  a  diviiion  there  appeared  for  the 
awtion  S3,  againft  it  87. 

About  this  time,  Mr.  Secretary  Dimdat 
introduced  a  bill,  which  was  fpecdily 
pafled  into  a  law^  to  enable  his  Majefty 
'  Co  augment  the  internal  force  of  this 
CQuntnr  by  cnconr^ing  armed  aflbciations 
tbreugnout  the  nation  \  and  in  a  few  days 
aftcrwarda  he  iliued  to  the  Lords  Lieu- 
ttnams  of  Counties  printed  copses  of 
direAtons  how  to  a£(,  refpe^ling  the  drir- 
Tto%  off  cattle,  and  providing  for  the  army 
ia  cafe  of  an  aftuai  invlfion. 

On  the  aoth  of  April,  the  fame  gentle- 
man prelented  to  theHouieof  Commons 
a  mettage  from  the  King,  purporting  that 
his  Msyei^y  thought  it  proper  to  acquaint 
his  faithful  Commons,  that  from  advices 
vdiich  had  been  received,  it  appeared  that 
the  preparations  for  the  embarkation  of 
troops  continued  to  be  carried  on  with 
encreafing  a^ivity  in  the  ports  of  France, 
ilolland  and  Fbinders,  with  the  avowed 
defign  of  an  immediate  invafion  of  thefe 
kingdoms }  and  that  in  doing  fo,  the 
enemv  was  encouraged  bv  their  corre- 
(bondence  with  traitorous  iocieties  within 
the  realm.  That  his  Majefty  had  a  firm 
reliance  on  the  bravery  of  his  fleets  and 
armies,  and  on  the  ^ai  and  confidence  of 
his  people.  That  his  Majefty  had  em- 
bodied  the  fupplrmentary  cavalry,  aod 
that  it  was  his  intention  to  embody  the 
fupplementary  militia  and  to  make  tstr^ 
Other  poflible  preparation.  That  he  re- 
commended to  the  Commons  to  coniider, 
without  deia^,  of  fuch  further  means  as 
they  might  devife,  in  order  to  defeat  the 
machinations  of  wicked  and  difaifeaeii 
perfbns  wtthin  the  realm. 

Mr.  i»heridaa  r^  on  the  prefcnt  o^ 


ofiMb  «rtAHd»  dMtilll0|iit»lceBs 
comneiu  li^  ondmanr  l^t  antgute  tbi 
people  to  Ananiy  rwBBce  to  the  eocmf, 
whea  thrr  had  to  preiervc  their  chan&cr 
as  E^gjiflmenf  and  their  indtpeiidciice 
a<  a  nation.    With  teS:^  to  ^  Freodi 
Republic,  h^  did  not  mean  to  ittn^  a 
(injg^le  iota  of  what  he  had  fenoeriy 
aimed  i  ibr  h*  was  firmly  perfuadisi^ 
the  attui^  of  the  coaleftttd  piincei  to 
cru(h   the    infant  Kepablic  of  Fnacc 
produced  that  gigantic  teptibUc,  wfaok 
objeft  ieened  to  be  that  of  fubjugatiiig 
every  other  civiliaed  uatioa  in  Europe. 
The  ol>{ed  of  the  caemy  waa  to  obtain 
the  dominion  of  the  fea  \  nor  from  this 
would  they  dc^ovtk  whefhebi  monarcliicil 
or   a    republican    form  of  govenmieot 
prevaikd  {  any'attera|it,  therefore,  to  n> 
Sere  the  ancient  monarchy  would  be  ai 
fotile  in  etfrfl,  as  it  would  be  abfurd  io 
rj>eculation.    He  would  not  &Udw  the 
high    example    In    Ireland,  of  calling 
Buonaparte  either  a  monfter  or  aruffiaa  \ 
he  conceived  Aich  epithets   as  fsoliih  as 
thev  were  improper.    At  this  crifis,  he 
iaia,  all  party  conuderations  ihould  ceafe  \ 
this  was  no  time  for  difcudlng  the  erron 
which  brought  us  uito  our  prelcnt  pn- 
dicament.    The  queftion  was,    whether 
we  chofe  to  be  conquered  by  France,  or 
whether  we  fliouid  fruitrate  their  inteo- 
tions  by  a  prompt  and  manly  rtfiftaDce. 
Thofe  who  had  leceded  from  the  whig 
party,  he  faid,  had  much   to  atone  for  \ 
they  had  deftroyed  the  confidence  of  the 
people  by  joining  the   ftandard  of  the 
minijtter  for  places  and  emoiumcnts,  in- 
ftead  of  what  thev  profeiTed,  the  fupport 
of  religion,  root  ality  and  i^egular  govern- 
ment.   He  bellowed   the   aighelT  eaco- 
miums  upon  Mr.  Fox,  and  exprefled  & 
great  anxiety,  to  (ee  him  in  foaie  fituatioo 
of  ofteniible  truft }  becaufe  if  the  talents 
of  any  individual  could  fave  the  couatry, 
he    poiXefled  them.     He    concluded  bj 
giving  his  cordial  fupport  to  the  addrefs 
to  his  Majefty  on    the  Meflag?.— Mr. 
Pitt  beftowed  the  higheH  complimeoti 
upon  Mr.  Sheridan  for  the  manly  aad 
ipirited  manner  in  which  be  had  coae 
forward  }  and  hoped  thathia  defireto  pro- 
mote  unanimity   would  meet  congenial 
fentbaents  in  every  comer  of  the  countrf  • 
The  addrefs  was  agreed  to  nem.  con. 

On  the  fame  day  two  Mafiers  ia 
Chancery  brought  a  Dill  from- the  lords* 
which  had  been  carried  tbf«ug|b  ail  it) 
ftages  on  that  day,  for  the  fulpenuon  ^  the 
Uahiiu  Corpiu  AA.  It  was  scad  a  fiii 
time,  when  the  llouie  went  in^  a  com- 
mittec  upon  it,  in  whkfa   Mr^  Sheruba 

moved 


Siatihf'iNhnc  "Agfkm, 


ioj 


nofnl  31  pi  sK^i^urocnt,  niaty*  iDft^d  of 
iht  M  «F'F«b*ialry  wxt,  **  ten  "days 
a/eer  elie  meeting  of  parli«nek)t  fliouM  be' 
iMitutedi*'*  Cfpon  Hdivifion  there  ap- 
pealed f«r  the.2n)rodilkCDt'i4i  againft  k 
213.  The  biii  Wat  tlien  palled  through 
idi  the  remaining  ilagts,  and  was  fent 
back  to  the  Lords. 
'  •  On  the  neat  ^ay  (April  die  aift),  thw 
bill  received  the  royal  alTent  by  com- 
iOiiCon.  The  Haifa^  Corpus  Aa.  there- 
fore DOW  ilamis  fufpe^ided  till  the  iirft  of 
Febniaiy  1799. 

Ireland. 
Turbuknccy  aff^ffination  and  military 
law,  ftlU  coDtinue'to  be  alternately  prcva- 
Jent  in  this  diftra^cd  nation. 

On  the  1 2  th  of  Marchi  one  of  his 
majefty V  mcflfcffigersi  attended  by  a  civil 
aiid  military  force,  proceeded  to  tne  houfe 
of  Mr.  OliTer  Bond,  of  Brid^-ftreet, 
in  the  city'of  Dublin,  upon  an  infbrraa- 
tion  which  had  been  received  by  govern- 
meot,  that  the  Provincial  Committee  of 
Ututtd  IriBnacn  of  Leinfter  were  to 
alTembie  there'  for  treafimable  pur- 
pofcs.  A  committee  of  fourteen  dele- 
gates were  -found  fitting, .  and  were  im- 
mediately taken  into  cuftbdy.  Mr.  Bond 
was  hot  in  the  room  of  the  meeting,  but 
papers  affe£ling  him  are  faid  to  have  been 
round  in  his  pockets.  A  warrant  is  faid 
to  be  iflued  out  againft  Lord  Edward 
FitzgeraW. 

Gcnexal  Abercrombie  lately  liTued 
ftHttc  Olden  relative. to  the  better difcipiinc 
and  reg^ulation  of  the  Iiiih  army.  This 
appears  to-  be  a  political  meafure  in  dii'eA 
hoitility  to  the  plan  origiQally  avowed  in 
the  proclam&tipn  iifucd  by  General  Lake, 
and  3£^ed  up^n  ever  fince,  and  therefore 
has  br6u|^  dawn  tlu:  diffdeafure  of  feme 
peHbiw  txpon  the  General,  aiid  it  was  even 
reported,  tt  one  -time,  that  lie  Wae  to  refign. 
In  Ar  flouftr  of  Lordi  of  Ireland,^ 
long  and  important  debate  took  place  on 
'he  t^thof  February.  The  patriotic  and 
imiablc  EaiIl  MoiP.A'-was  the  leader  of 
in  s  debate -i  after  tfiplaiAing  the  motives 
vtiich  im|^^tte4  Him' to  adUi^ls  thtir  Loid- 
'«ip^,  be* -adverted  to  the  Calttmnies  which 
«.'id  been  -ih  'indaftrfdiiUy  fpfead  agahift 
♦m-,  'TemA  IJid  mifreprefehtation'i'of  whkh 
I-  hid  %Ww  actilied.  He  Kiki)  tliftt'hc 
.  zs  rc$i^  to  i*-af&rt  Wtiy  fliiAg  W  had 
fluted  *wi**n^aAdy-attd  wis  ftfedy  to 
ixrve  the  'f*^'  by^  JntohbcUWttibte  H^i- 

;>prir  r<^lli^ftl^i!^  of  th<^  HdidH  >  Utr 
liled  Attirti  ^^o^delift  (rtftn  i£  lyftew  bf 
>nrlry  cd^iti^;  "WhicU  ctruKi  iiHYf  tend 
'  Vttn<te'dil&fttj4«i»<Atia  «tk>iiWiii  «^ctt 
X4<^*TH.  M\o.  No/XXX. 


tiMnhnitywasttoiWIIfiail  «rer tieeeffary. 
A^er  inv«ighing  againft  the  official 
employment  of  profligate  fnies  and  ih- 
formers,  and  dwelling  upon  the  gikvanc^ 
that  the  Irifh  nation  had  to  complain  of» 
his  Lordfhip  concluded  an  impreffive 
fpeech,  With  a  motion  to  iht  foUowin|r 
purport  J 

«•  That  an  humble  addrefs  be  |)refente<! 
to  the  Lord  Lieutenant,  reprefcntinff,  that 
as  parliament  hath  confided  to  hrni  ex- 
traordinary powers  for  fuoporting  the 
-laws,  and  for  defeating  the  traiforox^ 
combinations,  which  may  exift  in  this 
kingdom,  thia  houfe  fieels  it  at  the  fanfe 
time  a  duty  to  recommend  the  adopt ioh 
of  fuch  conciliatory  meafures  as  maV 
allay  the  apprehenfions  and  extingui^l 
the  difcbntents  unhappily  prevalent  in  thla 
country."** 

Lord  Glenworth,  Ear!  Cavan,  mu! 
the  Lord  Chancellor  fpoke  agaiiifl  tin 
motion. 

The  Bifhon  of  Down  and  Lord  Bun- 
fancy  defended  it.  Lord  Moira  replied^ 
after  which  Lords  RofYinore  and,  Befmoiit 
laid  each  a  few  words  againft  the  motioiy. 
At  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  the 
Houfe  divided.— Contents  S, — ^Non  con* 
tents  44. 

The  Houfe  of  Conunons  on  the  i^th 
of  April,  upon  a  motion  by  Mr.  Max- 
well, voted  a  certain  paragraph,  whidi 
had'  appeared  a  few  clays  before  in  all 
Englifh  news  paper,  called  the  Sun,  to  be 
a  falfe  :lvA  fcahdalous  Hbel. 

This  paragraph  ftated,  that  *«  fevend 
regiments  of  the  Irifh  militia  had  gone 
ovpr  to  the  infur^gents,  \yhom  the  coercive 
meafures  of  government  had  driven  to 
open  rebcUion.'*  Mr.  Maxwell  faid,  he- 
(houW,  on  a  future  day,  move  the  hbufe 
refpefting  an  apprnpriUte  punifliment  for 
this  atrocious  libel. 

Francp. 

The  late  tranfaflions  of  the  leaders  of 
the  French  l^epublic  have  excited  at  once 
the  Fear  and  the  aftonifhm^t  of  the  reft  of 
Europe.  They  have  overthrown  thft 
triple  crown,  and  tailed  a  d^mocratical 
form  of  gcvemmentajpOft'it^-uins,  coa- 
fortnahle  to  the  modern  fyftem  of-repr«-. 
ier.tstkjn. 

The  RepuMlc  of  BttHie  Mas  '«Hb  ex- 
perienced A  toHl'chai^g*')  '««  iHay  be  ften 
in  our  laft,"  and  for  further  feefrity, 
Geneva  has  ^atoert'ftielter  wide*-  tbe  powrer 
of  F#»i«e.  ^h*  whoW  xxi  SwitzwIailA': 
is'fak'u^  meW^fes  td  i«rt«'  a  Rcpubticy 
pf^e-  tMd  i»Ji4Hjif}U.  *  A*  tn»«y  fof*  amtey- 
and  commerce  has  «Atoi  pl^obetweenAc , 

Rr  '^  The 


SH 


Stau  of  PuMU  AfiuA. 


The  feilo^ifig  irethe  principal  tofncs    pears/'    %  th«^»   ^*  tint  At  csnid 

v^'hich  have  lately  ej^;aged  the  Lvgiilative    of  the  public  vvtUiure  bad  fpecnltltd  or 

Ailemblks  of  France.  the  effea  of  theTpeechestx>be(m>ixraic«l 

lo  the  fitting  of   the  Councii  of  iivr   irwn  your  tribune  ;  if  any  judgment  n»)r 

hundred,  x  ft  Marchr  Peres  d«  Gcrs  called    be  formed  from  the  chafa£lcr  and  nvabtr 

the  attention  of  the  Council  to  foire  cruel 

and  ui\juft  proceedings  which  had  taken 

place,  in  compliance  with  the  i6th  article 

of  the  law  of  the  19th  Fnididor.     Inha- 
bitants (he  (aid),  even  of  the  city  of  Paris, 

had  been  put  upon  the  lift  of  Emigrants 

.without  their  knowledge,-  and  made  liable 

to  be.  torn  from  their  families,  and  de- 
livered up  to  military  execution,  before 

.they  could  have  an  opportunity  of  proving 

that  the  inl'cription  of  their  names  on  the 

emigrant  lift  was  erroneous.    He  con- 

clu^  by  moving  that  a  committee  fliould 

be  appointed  to  examine  whether  it  may    -the  Emigrants,  and  that  he  withdrew  hit 

not  be  convenient  to  modify  the  law  of    motion,  as  the  government  by  itimcflsige 

the  19  Fniiftidor.     This,  motion  brought    guarantied  the  lives  of  innocent  citiicns. 

00  a  tumultuous  debate ;  the  order  of  the 

day  was  moved  for  on  one   hand  $  the 

printing  of  the  motion  was  called  for  on 

the  other.    Tallien  ilroi^ly  contended  for 

the  reference  to  a  committee.    "  We  are 

^flured/*  faid  Taliirib  <«  that  judicial 

affaflinations   have  been  committed,    at 

which  every  member   of  this  affembly 

ought  to  blufh.     I  would  by  np  means 

j£Cufe  the  military  commiiCons  :  the  Jaw 
•    is    precife,.  and,    after   identifying    the 

pcrion,  they  are  obliged  to  condemn  to 

death  tvtry  individual  who  is  brought 

before  them,  whofe  naar.e  is  infcribed  on 
the  lift  of  emigrants.  The  conftitution 
requires^  and  with  juiUc^,  that  the 
cowardly  and  pc:  adioiis  emigrants  ihould 

.Ttevcr  tread  the  Ibii  of  France  5  but  juftice 
demands  that  the  innocent  (hould  not  be 
confounded  with  the  guihy . ' '  He  moved 
**  that  the  fpccch  be  printed,  and  a" 
meflage  fcnt  to  the  Directory  to  luipend 

the  execution  of  the  juftj^mt:nc  pronounced    the  5th  of  February,  it  was  found  tht 
by  the  military  eonuniihons.'*  dicy  iireatly   difconccvted  the  Dcp«t«» 

•     After  a  long  diicuiHon,    the   council    Ti 
reforrtd  the  motion  to  a  commictre,  and 
ordered  a  melTage  on  the  fubjcct  to  be 
traniinittcd  to  tiic  T>hxt\ury, 

In  the  fAttiftg  of  the  6th  of  March  fbe 

Prcudent  announced  a  mdlagr  from  the    _  ^    .   , 

Executive  Directory  in  aniwer  to  a  mcf-  anxious  to  gain  time,  they  only  dennuri 
iiige  from  the  Council  on  the  abovc-uHrn-  -to  know  of  Treiihacd  and  BoBaitr,t9 
tii^ucdiubjeft.  The  Directory  ftaie,  that  what  point  on  the  left  banks  of  theKiuf' 
tlivy  had  in  vain  endeavoured  to  trace  the  thcy-wiAued  to  extend  the  ceffioa  of  uc 
srigin  of  the  hopes  which  the  emigrants  German  territory.  The  paper  jxrlisff^ 
entertain,  aod  which  they  do  not  at-  on  this  occafion  adds,  that  as  foons$!l^' 
tempt  tadir^uifc^  till  the  dil^ufuoii  which  ihaU  no  lonifer  remain  any  unoertaiotVoi 
took  place  Ibmc  days  bcfort*,  in  the  ball  this  head^  the  pa^wr  war  ihall  ecafe,  isi 
^£  til*;  hjgiflative  body,  d  LIS pted  their  the  tonfcrencca  ihallcontiime  oathcba^ 
.     doubts,  and  iWniihcd  d;irmvvith  the;  n.uil    on  which  the/' wens  c)»2Bed« 

coinpiric   cxplinutiwi.*— *'  It  #vcu  ip-        The  French  plempatemiaKl  io  ^ 


of  the  peribns  who  loitered  aW  tlie 
avenues  to  your  hall.  The  Direhoryds 
not,  however,  believe  that  the  objcftrf 
the  reprefentatives  was  to  prote^  great 
criminals,  or  to  ferve  the  purpofe  of  1 
party/'— .They  conclude  with  iDfamiii{ 
the  Council  tliat  tfaefiighteft  modificstiofi 
of  the  law  of  the  19th  Fm^or,  ^^oold 
plunge  die  coimtry  into  the  moft  foioiB 
dangers.  The  Council  of  five  hofidnd 
ordoed  the  meflage  to  be  printed*  Pm», 
the  propofer  of  this  queftion,  deckitd, 
that  It  was  never  his  intention  to  <)efeid 


The  elcftions  for  the  new  third  of  tkc 
Legislative  AiTemblicsi  took  pbce  in  the 
beginning  of  April,  afld  are  laid  to  hum 
proceeded  in  a  manner  favourable  to  ik 
views  of  the  Executive  Diredory,wit)^a 
few  exceptions. 

On  the  5th  of  April  the  cttkess  rf 
Montebourg,  in  the  department  ofh 
Manche,  amounting  to  ieven-eigfaths  ^ 
thofe  entitled  to  vote,  coroplainoi  to  t&e 
council  of  five  hundred,  of  their  beisf 
diffolved  by  an  armed  force,  contnrftt 
law,  by  Aubergier,  CommiflioBcr  of  ti« 
Dii-eflory.  The  petitioners  demawW 
the  annulment  of  the  operations  of  tbt 
firll  feaion  of  the  Primary  Aftoblr. 
The  petition  and  vouchers  wefctranfinitted 
to  tlie  Direftory. 

The  French  negocfatora,  by  their  ph- 
emptory  manner  of  proceediBg,  bave 
lately  accelerated  the  bufmefr  of  ^^ 
Congrers  at   Raftadt.     In  the  fittin^o^ 


10m  the  Imperial  States,  by  their  6rso«'* 
in  adhcringf  to  their  overturts  refpt&itg 
the  Lit  banks  of  the  Rhine.  In  tb 
f»t ring  the  German  Deputies  recogniic^ 
the  ncccffity  of-  yielding  to  the  fe»<^f 
declaration  dematkled  of  them  |  but  cr^ 


•State  cf  Puhiie  Jffkin: 


$•$ 


inTwer  to  At  Imperial  Deputies,  obferve, 
that  the  deoiaiKi  made  by  the  Republic, 
tbAt  the  Rhine  (houM  be  the  boiindary  of 
the  two  ftates^  is  too  explicit  to  want 
explanation. -*Tbey  hirther  obierve,  that 
it  lb  dill  lei's  neceflfary  to  inquire  what 
poifriTions  ought  to  remain  to  Princes 
whti  lofethpir  iovereignty.  T^he  domains 
of  Princss  who  enjoyed  the  Ibvereigiity 
muil,  in  fimilar  cai'es,  be  confidered  the 
property  of  the  nation  to  which  the  ceffion 
k  made^  The  ceilion  of  all  that  is  be- 
yond the  Rhine,  is  the  baiit  of  the  treaty. 
Indemnity  on  the  ri?ht  banks,  is  tlib 
confcquence.  The  trench  negociators 
refer  thtmfelves  completely  to  their  note 
of  the  15  PiuvioTe,  and  pnllll  in  declar- 
ing the  deputations  of  the  empire  re- 
fponfible  for  refuiing,  or  making  evafions 
equivalent  to  refufing,  to  agree  to  a  proper 
suad  aecefl*ary  bafi*. 

The  Imperial  Deputation  took  this  laft 
Bote  into  coofideration  in  the  fitting  of 
the  12th  of  Febi-uary,  and  refolved  to 
communicate  it  to  the  General  Diet  of  the 
Kmpire,  and  to  the  Envoys  of  all  the 
interelted  Hates,  inviting  them  to  roanifeft 
their  opinions  upon  it. 

On  the  a  7th  of  March,  the  laft  con- 
rltifum  of  the  deputation  of  th?  Empire 
was  delivered  to  the  French  minilters  by 
the  Anftrian  Plen-potentiary.  On  the 
next  day  the  Frencn  mini  tiers  returned 
for  anfwer,  that  the  Imperial  deputation 
hid  already  creattd  too  much  delay  in 
reviving  the  unfounded  hope  of  retaining 
a  portion  of  territ<^ry  on  the  other  fide  of  tlS 
Rhine  i  tliey  therefore  exhorted  them  in 
the  name  ot  humanity,  to  wafte  no  more 
time  in  vain  and  ufelefs  difputations,  but 
to  rtftum  an  explicit  anfwer  inunediatcly 


fonnded  upon  the  relative  meant  of  Hf 
citizens.  ^ 

The  Commiflioners  of  the  Treafti^ 
arc  to  be  appointed  by  the  Executive 
Power.— Thofe  of  the  chariiber  of  ac- 
counts by  the  Legiftativc  Affcmbly .  The 
territory  of  the  Republic  to  be'  divided 
into  a  fuitable  numbet  of  departnnents. 
A  diftinfl  diviilon  of  three  powersj 
the  legtflative,  the  executive,  and  the 
judiciary.  The  right  of  individual  pAi- 
tion  to  the  citizens.  Revifion  of  the 
conftitution  after  the  exptration  of  the 
fifth  year. — The  oath  oi  hatred  to  the 
government  of  the  Stadtholder,  federalifm, 
ariftocracy,  and  anr.rchy,  to  be  taken 
without  exception  by  aH  the  perfbns 
employed  by  the  Republic. — No  poWe^ 
to  have  the  right  of  interfering  with  the 
banks  of  circulation  in  the  different  . 
towns  of  the  Republic. — Inftituiions  fo^ 
public  inflru^ion  in  arts  and  rdencct* 
Alliance  with  the  French  Republic. 
Russia, 

The  public  affairs  of  this  va((  Empire 
feem  at  prelent  to  remain  almoft  un« 
aiFtf<^ed  by  the  great  events  which  arc 
tak ing  place  around  them.  The  Emperor 
has  given  an  extenfive  tra£l  of  land  in  hit 
dominions,  as  an  afylum  to  Louis  the 
X  8th  of  France,  and  fome  of  his  principal 
adherents. 

Turkey. 

The  fyftem  of  innovation  and  revolu- 
tion, which  is  making  fuch  liafty  ftridet 
in  countries  nearer  to  our  own,  has  pro- 
bably diverted  the  attention  of  Britonf 
from  the  rebellion  which  is  making  fuch 
rapid  progrefs  in  the  (k>minions  of  the 
Prophet.  Pafswan-Oglou,the  Buonaparte 
of  Greece,  is  now  become  ih  tbnnidable 


their  former  demands  refpedling  tiic'    as  to  threaten  the  capital  of  the  Gran4 


boundaries, 

Holland. 

The  Conftitutional  Aflcmbly  of  the 
Batavian  Republic  about  the  aid  of 
February,  laid  down  the  bafis  of  the  new 
^.VLTnmeiit.  The  following  are  among 
tkif  principal  articles  of  thii>  bafis. 

Tlie  abolition  of  the  dividon  into  Pro- 
vinces.— Separation  of  Church  and  State, 
No  corpci-ation  or  fociety  to  have  rules 
contrary  to  the  Jaws  of  the  ftate. — Ex- 
clufion  from  the  right  of  voting  of  all 'the 
adherents  of  the  Orange  family.— The 


Seignor.  He  has  been  lately^  reinforced 
by  a  body  of  10,000  men ;  but  his  prin- 
cipal force  coufilts  in  a  few  thoufancf  Po- 
landers  under  the  command  of  General 
Deniflce. 

East  Indies. 

By  recent  advices  from  the  Eaft  it  ap^ 
pears  that  Tippoo  Sultan,  whq  lately 
afluiped  a  menacing  afpeA,  hat  confulted 
his  better  interefls  in  preferving  the  rela- 
tions of  peace. 

The  adjuftment  of  the  differeneeSn 
which  divided  the  Mahratta  States,  hat 


formation  of  a  Democratic  Reprefentative*  greatly    contributed    to    this    conduct. 


Government,  by  the  eftablifliment  of  a 
legifbitive  body  compofed  of  the  two 
councils,  and  an  Exeaitive  Power,  con- 
fiding of  five  members,  having  under  it 
the  agents  of  the  Executive  Power. 
The  ^mnationof  an^ew  plan  of  iiiiancc« 


Zennius  Shaw,  havmg  beaten  the  united 
armies  of  the  Seiks,  entered  Lahore* 
(their  capital]),  gave  it  up  to  plunder,  anil 
put  7000  of  the  inbabitoiits  to  death« 
While  waiting,  however,  at  Lahore,  for 
the  heavy  jurtstttrj»  qpce^ary  tahisex^ 

peditio 


X 


5o6«         Funds. -^Marrisiii  and  Dtaibsin  fftf  mar  London. 


yp4tttpn  .amioil  Delhif  he  jreccived  in-* 
telligence  (n  a  rebellion  in  his  dominion)!, 
^oiavd  6bafi,  a  cbleftam  of  reputation, 
yfho  headed  the  difaffeftcd  party,  had 
nnpriiratd  his  family^  and  affemblcd  ^ 
9Ui|ierou8  aiiny  in  the  neighlK>urhoo4  of 
Condobir. 

PUBLIC    FUNDS, 

SiaoB  oar  laft  the  Funds  have  experienced  a 
(itjweflionof  about  «^  per  cent,  and  the  new 
}m  «f  fcvcat^^a  miUioas.  it  «•  geperAlly 


r)ippof«d»  vrill  (M^  hahet  m  \cmm  thi 
pritc  of  ftoclcs,  ^ 

BAMK.STocKy  on  the  ftth  ultiao,  W3«  at 
Xl8| ;  and  was  ycfterday,  the;i6th)2t  ii6|. 

5  PER  ciNT,  ANN.  on  the  17th M^h, 
Were  at  73|,  and  hare  ilnce  gradually  fiUca 
tO'7ii 

4  YCR  ctNT.  AiiN.  vrere,  the  %th  «lt. 
at  59I,  and  havc^nce  fallen  to  f){,  vhich 
WM  the  price  yeftcnUy. 

3  rai  csMT.  coKS.  an  %7tkMmh,  at 
49^}  xofe  on  the  iftof  April  le  50;  lel| 
again  on  tkc  3d  to  49^  and  w«re  yeftvnii;, 
the  ajth^  at4Si. 


Marriagis  and  Deaths,  in  and  near  London^ 


Married,']      M  St.    Qe0rgt'<>    Hanovcr- 

(^uarc,  Thomas  Champion  Crcfpigny,-  efq. 
p  Mift  Augufta  Thclluffon,  youngcll  daugh-. 
tcr  of  the  late  Peter  Thclluflon,  zi^.  o( 
Prodfworthy  Yorlctliirc. 

Thomas  Dvkc.  jun.  ef<j.  of  Dodior's  Com- 
tfions,  to  Mfr»  Parks,  daughter  of  C  pUin 
parks,-  of  Lamb*s  Conduit-place. 

At  Fulliam,  Vincent  Kennctt,  efq.  of 
Farfon*s  Greeni  to  Mifs  Herbert,  of  the  fanie 
^tace. 

At  St.  Peter  le  Poor,  Richard  Dann,  efq, 
<jf  Broad-ftrect,  to  Mifs  C.  Sharp,  of  Great 
iViocheflwr-ftrcct. 

Charles  Bowland  Cotton,  efq.  of  Gower^ 
Itreet,  Bcdford-f<iuarc,  to  Mifs  Roberts, 
^ughterof  Wm.  Roberts,  cf(j.  ofKingfgate, 
in  the  idt  of  Thantt. 

Mr.  PvKkie,  of  Great  Elbow-lane,  to  Mifs 
BQy^,  daughter  of  William  Boyd,  efq.  of 
the  Paragon,  New  Kent  road. 

Mr.  AlHfon,  furgeon  in  the  Hon.  Eaft 
India  Comparfy*s  fervice,  %o  Mifs  Burnett,  p( 
Creat  James's-ftreet,  Bedford-row. 

Mr.'  Kay,  diftiller,  of  Alderfgate-ftreet, 
|9  Mifs  DQrothy  Newman,  of  Peckham. 

At  Stoke  Newington,  Mr.  Henry  A,  de  la 
phaumette,  to  Mifs  Frances  Aidabie. 

Captain  John  Drummojid,  in  the  fervice 
of  the  Hon.  Eaft  InJia  Company,  to  Mifs 
Mary  Harriet  Cr  id  land,  daughter  of  the  late 
Captain  Cridland. 

At  Allhullovvs  church,  Upper  Thames- 
street,  Thomas  Wilfon,  jun.  efq.  of  Lad- 
jane,  to  Mifs  Fanny  Altingham,  daughter 
pf  Mr.  AUingham,  merchant,  of  Suftblk- 
|ane. 

At  the  Afary-le-Bone  church,  Mr.  Richard 
Jellicoe,  of  Manchefter-fquare,  to  Mifs  Har« 
f  :et  Page. 

At  Hacl^ncy,  ^Ir.  Jofcph  Pattifon,  of 
Thorj»  Hall,  EiVcx,  to  Mif«i  Young,  da^g^ 
^orot  Tqhn  Young,  efq.  of  Clapton. 

Jn  London,  Mr.  Richard  Stubbs,  of  Can- 
fion-ftrcct,  to  Mifi  Wcthcrby,  of  Chcihunt, 
Herts. 

'  At  St.  Oeorgc's,  Bloomfbury-fquarc,  Mr. 
5V!l|!a^Ti  Marlcy,  pf  Dr\»ry-Lane,  to  Mifs 
Brookes,  daughter  of  James  Brookes,  efq. 
Cj&arlotte-ftrcety  Bedford-T^uar.e 


P.  O'Hanlon,  efq.  of  Lin'colnVinn,  Ur. 
'riftcr,  to  Mifs  Smyth,  daughter  •ofTkosa 
(myth,  efq.  of  Fenfehotife,  in  Cheihire. 

By  fpecial  licence,  at  the  hou£e  of  Lcni 
Boringdon,  in  Hill-ftreet,  the  HoB.Gvorfe 
Villiers,  brother  to  the  Earl  of  Clarciidpo,to 
the  Hon,  Mifs  Parker,  daughter  to  the  laU 
and  fjftcr  to  the  prcfent  Lord  Boringdon. 

C.  J.  Robinfon,  efq.  of  Hampftcad,  to 
Mifs  Skurry,  of  inihgton. 

Mr.  A.  Annand,  pt  Aldcrmanbury,  toMifi 
Sophia  Bennptt,  daughter  of  the  la;e  William 
Bennett,  efq.  banker,  of  Faverfliam,  Kent. 

At  Clerkenwell  church,  Mr.  SanQoel  Ftih, 
of  Red  Lxon-ftreet,  to  Mifs  Clemcot,  of 
Blackhe^th. 

At  St.  Stephen's,  Wallbrook*  Geo.  Frank, 
lin,  efq.  to  Mifs  Ranfon,  of  Iflingtoo. 

At  Hacknpy,  John  Mepick,  efq,  of  Stvr 
England,  to  Mifs  Rebecca  Vaugbaa,  c( 
Hackney. 

At  Iflington,  Mr.  John  Short,  jyn.  ofBrd- 
fbrd-ftrect,  Liquorpond-ftrcct,  to  Mifs  Sarah 
Hampton,  of  the  Star  and  Garter,  Iflin^toa. 

In  London,  Thomas' B)Ton,  efq.  to.Mifj 
Harriet  Latham,  fccond  daughter  of  Wm. 
Latham,  efq.  of  Nottingham-place. 

Ditd]  In  London,  in  hor  6och  year,  the 
Right  Honourable  Louifa  JLady  WiUough^y 
de  Broke.  Her  ladyihip  was  a  daughter '•! 
Francis,  Earl  of  GuzLlford,  ^ad  6tler  c«  tKe 
prefent  Bi.hopoi"  Wincheiier. 

Jq  Devoaihirc-ilrect,  For(land*place,  lAn, 
Mary  Liell. 

After  a  fcvere  illncfs,  Michael  Downs,  efij, 
of  Piccadilly,  a  judice  of  the  peace  for  the 
city  and  liberty  of  Wcftminfter.  His  coadufi 
as  a  ma^iilrate  was  uniformly  honourabtc;  2si 
private  gentleman  he  merited  and  fecured  gros* 
ral  eftecm.  All  his  CranfaAiona  werenarkd 
with  itrid  integrity  j  and,  what  is  aliMoft  a 
phoeoomenon  with  a  man  in  public' lile  sri 
extenfive  connexions,  the  inTidiooa  tongneof 
ilander  never  reached  bii^.  He  had  the  gwd 
will  of  all  mankind* 

At  the  Magpies,  HounHow  Heath,  ia  cos* 
fcqucnce  of  a  wound  received  £rom  n»bbca 
near  that  place,  John  Melliihj  efq.  of  Alba- 
mailc-ilrcct^  aa4  of  Ham£lIS|  Herts^' 

At 


Ahrria^  Btathsy  f^f.-^Agrktdtural  Keptrt. 


307 


In  BnTlter*£q«SM,  FeBchurch-ftrcet,  Mr. 
Hugh  In^ram^  oiorchnnL 

AtHtBilon,  Mt.  John  Willock,  father  of 
Mr.  Willock,  of  GoUen-fqaare.  He  \ras 
one  of  tbe  oldeft  Intiabitanis  of  th(  parifh  of 
Hendoiiy  hid  lived  with  hi3  late  wife  in  onin^ 
terrupCed  harmony  upwards  of  half  a  century, 
and,  during  a  Kfe  of  near  fourfcorc  years, 
fcarcely  Icnew  a  day*s  illnefs,  till  within  a 
ihort  time  previous  to  his  deceafe. 
In  Bemers-ftreet,  Mrs.  CKe.<p.  • 

At  his  houfe  in  Canonhury-row,  Ifllngton, 
the  Rev.  John  Williams,  LL.  D.  above  forty 
years  a  very  ufcful  mioifter  among  the  djl- 
I'cncers,  and  author  of  feveral  literary  worka 
of  merit. 

^At  Chelfea,  In  his 40th  year,  after  along, 
feverc,  and  agonizing  iUncfs,  which  he  ful- 
tained  with  a  manly  firmncfs  and  ftrength  of 
mind  fcldom  equalled,  Samuel  Price,  cfq.  of 
LincoloVinn. 

At  a  very  advanced  age,  Mrs.  Sta;3lcs,  wi- 
jdow  of  the  late  Robert  Staples,  el'q.  banker, 
in  Comhill. 

In  Margarct-ftrcet,  Cavendilh-fquare,  on 
the  jjth  inft.  Matthew  Johnfon,  cft^.  late 
]i'ea(dAJAt«colonel  of  the  69th  regiment,  and 
gentleman  uflier  of  hi*  Majefty's  privy- 
ch.tmber. 

•    On  Tower-Hill,  aged  66,  greatly  rcfpefted 
by  all  his  connexions,  Mr.  j.>in  March. 

Ac  Chifwick,  in  his  55th  year,  Alexis 
Zlcockf  cfq. 

In  Grolvcnor-fquarc,  Lady  Dowager  Fran- 
ce^ DaihwooJ. 

In     Palace-row,      Totttnh.im-court-ro?.d, 
Captain    Wightman,    of    the    royal    Surrey 
niilitia. 
On  board  the  Maidftonc  frigate,  of  the  ycl. 


low  fever,  Mr.  John  Perry,  nui^ihipfnan,  fon 
of  Mr.  James  Perry,  proprietor  of  the  Morn- 
ing Chrdnicle.  He  was  a  youth  of  ^reat 
pcomife,  gallant  In  hit  difpofition,  aad^  fe^ 
his  early  manhood,  had  conciliated  the  cf'*; 
teem  of  all  the  ofHcers  on  board. 

At  Kn^ghtlbridgc,  after  a  lingering  ill- 
nefs,  John  Downes,  efq.  of  Suverton^ 
Northamptonfliirc. 

At  Iflin^ton,  in  an  apopledic  fit,  Mr.  Si- 
muel  Lightfoot,  merchant,  aged  38, 

Mrs.  Gregfon,  wife  of  Mr.  Gregfon,  of 
Apothecaries-hall. 

in  Lower  Brook-ftreet,  Giofvenor.fquare«> 
aAera  fliort  illncfs,  the  Right  Hon.  George' 
Lord  Ileadley,  member  of  parliament  fos 
Rippon,  Yorkfhire. 

In  Mortimcr-ftreet,  Cavendifh-fquare,  Lady' 
Robert  Bertie,  relict  of.  the  late  Lord  Robert 
Bertie,  uncle  of  the  Iat>e  Duke  of  Ancafter. 

In  his  73d  year,  Mr.  Ro'oert  Pamell,  apo- 
thecary, the  corner  of  Hatton-Garden. 

Mr/  Wright,  many  years  alderman  of 
Candlewick  Ward.  Mr.  Wright  was  50  years* 
in  partnerihip  with  the  late  Mr.  Alderman 
Gill,  whom  he  furvivcd  only  a  fortnight. 

In  London,  aged  31,  Mr.  William  Jen- 
kine,  a  clerk  in  the  bank.  This  gentleman 
nicaftired  the  extraordinary  height  of  feven 
feet  nine  inches  -,  and»  from  an  apprehenfion 
of  his  boiiy  being  ilolcn  for  the  purpofes  of 
difijction,  the  corpfc  vms,  by  pcrmilTion  of 
(he  Bai.k  DirefVors,  Interred  in  that  part  of 
the  gjtilcn  court  cf  the  Bank,  which  for-* 
mcrlyconrtituted  an  appendage  of  the  churcJl* 
yard. 

Lately,  at  her  brother's,  Mr.  Shepheat4« 
Brcjk's-market,  Mrs.  Ann  Alger,  aged  %^ 
years^ 


MONTHLY  AGRICULTURAL  REPORT. 
'T'llE  (Irong  eafterly  winds  and  droughty  weather  in  the  beginning  of  the  mentk  retarded 
the  progrefs  of  vegctatjon  very  materially,  and  atfo  thrciAtened  the  farmer  with  danger 
to  his  early  Crops  5  but  the  warm  and  copious  rains  which  have  finte  fallen,  have  completely 
removed  his  apprehentionSf  by  inducing  an  unufual  appearance  of  verdure  and  forwardnefs. 
The  oats  have  every  where  been  put  into  the  ground,  anJ  barley  alfo,  except  on  very  col4 
foils.  The  wheats  have  now  got  aver  the  moft  dangerous  fcalbn,  without- having  receive^ 
any  ferlous  tnjaries,  and  in  general  loolc  favourably.  Clover  and  other  artificial  graites  feen| 
likewife  to  have  cfcaped  without  much  injury,  and  on  the  whole  to  put  on  a  promiflng  afy 
peft.  Some  of  our  reporters  obferve,  that  more  really  ufefuj  agricultural  bufmefs  has  been 
performed  during  the  laft  three  or  four  months,  than  has  been  done  at  the  fame  feafon  fof 
many  years  pa  ft. 

With  regard  to  orchard  fruits,  our  reports  are  alfo  equally  ^favourable.     In  many  diftridi 
of  South  Wales,  as  well  as  in  Hcrcfordfhire  and  fome  other  neighbouring  counties,  the  • 
orchards  have  the  moft  promifing  appearance  of  plentiful  crops,  which  piuft  be  particularly 
gratifying,   as  It  it  many  year*  Once  there  has  been  a  good  cyder  crop. 

Whe;ic  aiid  oati  feem  to  be  rifing  in  price,  efpecially  the  latter;  but  barley  is  miten 
as  ofual. 

TVhsat  averages,  throughout  England  and  Wales,  5TS  lod.  per  quarter;  barley -aSt.  iid* 
eats  xSs.  xod. 

Catt  lx.  Lean  cattle  are  rapidly  advancing  in  price,  but  fat  (lock  feeou.to  have  faUe^ 
coniidexably,  at  leaft  in  the  northern  parts  of  the  kingdom.  Qur  reporter  Cays,  beef  fo  muc^ 
as  i^'i.  or  xd.  per  lb.  in  the  Edinborgn  market.  This  fall,  he  however  obferves«  is  probably 
only  temporary. 

SiiSE4P.  Nearly  the  fame  as  in  oor  laft  report.  Beef  fetches  in  Smithfield  maHuC  froi|L 
3s.  to  4s.  aid.  and  mutton  from  3s.  6d.  to  4s.  per  Aone  9f  Sib.  IJAldag  the  oiTal. 

Hogs  continue  ftilllovv. 

Hoitsxsj  much  ai  in  our  lafi. 


Co«»«cr  List  ^BxifKiivrTCisi  flMT^DfrtviicDs  mmmtihi 

amd  the  totb  oj  Afnly  txtr§a«djrvm  the  Lmdom  Gamma. 


OeiOthrfUirtk 


BANKBUPTCIKS. 

(iTte  SVifl/«r'i  naaui  art  in  Itatics.) 

«  ^otim  shifiul,  s«la^  miller.  Smgrt^mdi^m^t^r^ 

**  •    tuvoTi  inn. 

i.  Addifon,  Thii  fk,  Siopkeepcr.    UgrpM,  Kraft  hm. 
.  AdainfoiH  Catesioiwanect,  f»Aar.    £d(t^  Ttmpit. 
.  BuUocJct  Ca-citao«ftrv«t,  hCtar.    AH^tU  Wr*sd-^ett. 
Jk  Band,  Bri^tlinsfra,  butcher,  ttat^^  Grejt  |feiM*rf-JfM(. 
W.  Bcrr/,  York,  cjochier.    Haffx,  Ch^iftery-ianf. 
<k  Bcrr/,  York,  ckrMtfr.    Battftt  Cbanterj.Lxnt. 
Muy  Bircneoouth,  S&:ford,  dyer.    Edtet^  Mufvbtiir, 
W.  Bentkv  Md  W.  Bnuio,  Aftoo,  Uap  waktr*:     Kindtr.'j 
■smdC».sjfmnds*lttn. 
T.  Bruuch,  St.  M«rtinVl^|M,  violacfi.    Biurfm,  Grytf  MarU 

}.  Bectoa,  ManchcAcr.  mcrctMat.    Uwtniy  nwtfk. 
.  BiUard^  Etrcftuun,  »iftaiU«r.    7«r».i,  B^/in^b-f.-Jtrert. 
cllnCunl^  Warwick -ft  rcct,  ka/ocit  mAkei .    /•^Arr,  Crc/i 

S.  Cobby,  Brtftithdrnftor*,  Ihr^ketptr.    Wat;^  Swtbu;ark. 
T.  Ctambers,  Newsae-'arrtt,  (Wwcr.    Peibjm^  T»mp4t. 

A.  Chaad,  Viiie-tiree:,  feaUi-r  manjfAOurrr.      BMn^e.d^ 
.  MtyJmj^uara. 

J.  Dodd,  i^imr-ftrrt,  picker.    li'/iC,  Thtviti  itm. 
J.  Doby,  R«feoufy-ia»<,  pawnbroker.      ITitns^  MTamfnA- 
tmt't, 

t,  l>juid,  ftic^iercate,  iim-ketper.     M  djjui^  CUmtm't  tun, 
.  Denbfcn,  Otky.  tanii«r.     Sftei,  Mtw  nut. 
^r.  S.  Di«  in4  J,  OiX,  Exeter,  brewers.    Surr!,  5urry.ftrf$t, 
J,M   rvjn^  l!pprrGrOk«f,a-.>re:t,  Surrr,  buiiJcr.   M^tmtrtm 

S.  rmrt.  Sen.  Scaininc  kiorfolk,  dealer  C'iJ'',  S.  - 
1.  Frofl,  B««ftofu  Morfiulk,  trocrr.  JT"*;,  L/'ci^anc. 
T.  Criiuye.',  BriOoU  ca!>uict  luker.  Miuny  H-^xt'.n, 
J.  Gjodaii,  NgttlnKhAiu,  ^uccUc. .    Grtu  and  C*.   Stimttry 

SmtL 
8.  Goodmaa,  St.  Aan*i-laae,  riduill«r.    *r:if*n^  Untn-Jt^e^t, 
I.Creen,  Sioax»e-fv|uare,  engine  maker.  S  ii'*,  f'..  :^r  -,j<(ft. 
W.  Heach,  Uuic  Coxwcil,  b.icjc  maker.    iT.  «»^«rif .  jun.  f^ 

nniim. 
T.  Howard,  Corron,  ftocnaker.    Edi»^Imitrtfin»*t. 
W.^lxli,  NcwiostJu-CAulcwA^,  dealer  tii  S:afK>rdihirc  ww. 

fmUfXy  Cr-.f-firtft. 

T.  Jpoet,  CaiiicUy,  v^ualkr.    B.rrjr,  M*.t-d's-Jir.  tt. 
W.lone*,  Cneitcrham,  dealer.    PruLii,  Br^ad-  trtrt-tHl. 
K.  Johnrua,  Old  City  cr.%mbcrH  mcrcnain.     jt.cJt^  Canttr- 

It.  anJ   J.  Kemp,  Imi'holdvrs,  Ctiichtfter.    ffW/^n,  Unim- 

J).  Lovr:ot  Caoter'^viry.  vittualler.    Crt/trr,  Ciifn-Vs  inn. 
J.  MaTdon.  Muretoo,  Hainpftead,  ftrKC-maker.     J>a«i/  Mi4 
.  C9.  Mark-ituu-. 
Cs  Moo*^  l'aiihc»t  draprr,    tKiUitt  >¥an-f,trii.(vurt. 

B.  Marlk^l,  A^wtck  upon  tireet,  cdtu  trad.r.     Bre«/rfc*, 

T.  Mutiit^d,  0*.d  M.rclieU-areet,  viftualler.    HiUnoaj^  Cbaiu 

B.  «i\» cf).  Si.  T»n\c«'^-ffTr<fr,  tayl>r.    B-^ek^i^  C  ff»riCt  iim. 
1.  rurchaCr,  i  aunt.m,  »tctua>l<r.    D^rftyO.  H'/a^i-fMirt. 
w.  PoWl»  W.  button,   and    M.  Want,   Lcca^,  mcrcuaot. 
Sfti^  HtiOii'it'firtil. 

B.  foppK^  Chciica,  u-A4er.    JdinfljuU^  Alitkmt-ft'-ift. 

tr^.iUJm  Bri.tol,  i;r'.crr.     Ciiiiet^  Brp.i. 
.  RcyuoMa  aod  J.  Utbuey,  BriauJ,  luwkcrs.     M^'iekt.,  Bfy- 

J.  Roberts  King's  Head,  Holbom.    B«i/iu,  Utsb'-ni-lant. 
.  ft*(crk,  UinuiaKlMm,  faukr.    K-a>U^Uy  aud  C«.  5fMimid*t 

C.  r.  tiKrman,  St.  Alban*>,  niuficim.    Btitw^,  B(^«ri4>pno. 

i.  S^iCil,  Tur^w:./,  mer(h4ii~.    PnjUMix^  D.irtm'-uit. 
.  Shehon,  NmtiKthain,  vrtK?r.    'Jr:^;;  u'  «iC  .  5k  >  ti-ri'.baU. 
T.  xepiwoa,  ManC^tter,  tuftia.iir.Anutaaurer.  -  £d{'  j,  Uar- 

Cbfter. 
t.  Sinc«ley,  Maiden-lane,  liofier.    J.  .'.'4,  Wrldaj-flrtti. 
1.  iiudwtt,  CUc.p«'iUc,  ist}.uf.u.i  i\.     Ji'titi  U'lJ  Ci,  Hdf.rd-ltrtft. 
W.  Toplli^  iVn.  11-..1  jjii.  C.  T'  |>;i«,  and  C.  JatkiJ  .,  Cu«.ltuc/ 

l*ott^,  W3'«td  n'JKCr«.    R-'fi  .-inii  HdUy  Bfwfli-i-vuri. 
J.  R.  Ta^«,  Mit  •-■'•c.'i:r,  iirkceprr.     ^d;/,  i)j/i/r  Umplc. 
W.  R.  r> udalc,  WoiHlchelVer,  trucer.    Levity  Jn.i.r-r,./r.»lf. 
1.  \>  iftUMii,  i«nbl>(h«:Un«on«f  iM^iccr.    At'.'iif  Hutt.n  Gurdtn. 
W.  Wnniii^ton,  Thaviestiui,  hardwaremau.    /f./jw,  Cajflt- 
t  firtet. 

X.  W'ilf  n,  Kiabrook,  milk  dealer.     fTbite^G.  PrtfMt-prttt. 
O.  W^kcr,  BevorUy,  butcher.    L'^vsndtiy  Red  Lttn-fquuri. 
U.  Wiiion,  lc«iborou|b,  tsUow  chandler.    •ioij^hMii,  Gruj^t 

inn. 
J.  Waroe,  ThiihlBg,  Corawaa,  mariner.     Sttfbtri  end  C». 

Cruras  itm. 
W.  WMc,  6%raji  and  Hoop  PareiiWDt,  viftua.ler.      BurflatL, 

Euntlli-rmv. 
W.Weiler,  Welbeck-ftreet,  ftock- broker.    CittTyC.  Jamt:- 


DIVIDBWDf  Af«irovf«eiD. 


rota  Ambrofie.  Bkkmood.plecc 
f.  Ahntam,  UouadMiick,  «Mn 


J.  AUurvd,  ion.  Yafmoutti,  apholRcrcr.    Ma*  a. 
I.Atitei,  BdmaK— ,  <er*iMa<ter.    Jjaeje. 
P.  AiidTe,l«.BrQa4i^re«f,Bercbaar.    liay  ii. 
Jsmet  Beyer,  Trofn-trm^  apboMer.    April  J, 
Joliii  BuddM,  i«Wt—pexi,  baker.    Apni  A 
H.  Banicf,  Crown-trnnrij  merchant.    April  li. 
TIM.  Barfcil,  vronD««ad-*r<evr,  fp— ter.   May  s* 
B.  Browu,  Ncwcaftle,  apbatterv.    Apriljo. 
J.  BiBlDr,  N.tun^ham,  wirc-mcrctWT.    May  is. 
J .  Mortal,  Oatord,  oorwkMtffor.     May  t. 
B.  Broadbrook,  Braa4>ftrect,  vpboUcrcr.    May  v 
Jotut  CarriRCtoA,  Manchcftcr,  maMler.    AprH  ti. 
feicr  CluueibscL,  York-ftrcct,  brewer.    Apta  14, 
Crofk,  May'r,  Bayly.  Biyly  and  Crofa,  Beck,  baakcra.  Afril  A 

i.  CHappe.l  and  J .  Bftctca,  >«a.  GtovciAw,  tanecr*.   tttf  i 
oho  Cux,  DeprfonU  Maf'aa.    Aprtt  17. 
ichara  Cope,  BtmJacbdm,  wjnfraeicbaBt.   AprB  17. 
H.  Cattun^  N .  LUnham.  craccr.    May  7. 
J.  Cooper,  St.  Michaer*  alley,  urhohterrr.    Mry). 
Jdia  Daridfo*,  Tbame%-|  rect,  mttman.    AfA  st. 
Jamc*  Duolop,  St.  Mary-aze,  mercbiut.    April  3^ 
»  ranci>  I>a>enport,  Marfden.  cloOiicr.    Ap  iJ  }). 
P4.id  EUiitt,Cuihtyii-court,  merchanc.    April  it. 
Jar>  h  LUwi^-od  and  T.  tlmav,  linfco,  cabco-priirien.   Miy  1 
Mil  s  Edn^Mt  and  T.  Edwards,  KCiA-ftxtet,  cdOM  atta** 

tacturcri.    May  t. 
C»i   Kre«ch«  Horft-treen,  AifKpkee,ier.    April  A 

Iof.  >  tt|i^  Bn»o*,  wodlltn-draper.    April  J7. 
tobert  Fatrcl'>u£t),  Liverpool,  crocer.    May  I. 
Thnma^  TT*.oc\ty  Batterfea,  riAiuller.    AprU  A 
W.  U'U'  C.  f  auUuer,  Mancbeiler, cpctm-fyutncta.    Miy  t^ 
Rich,  orcen,  Wol/erhainpnxv.  innlioMer.    Mayj. 
B.  Co' ling  and  J.  S.  M'oamara,  <Mcea.4k .  mercbaau.  l^yS* 
T.  G-Cuu,  feu    Wnppms,  v  l^lflnta.    May  it. 
I.  y.  GaITivM,  Untoifdrre.,  mercH.nt.    May  ii. 
Hush  Ha.tonaiid  J.  Mil'<  it,  Maacbefter.    April  is. 
Wiiiiani  Hm-rofi,  W.  WcTanipTuu,  ironmonter.    Apratf. 
J.  r.  !#•  i  ki>k,  Co<em.in.;riTct,  mefctoat.    April  ..4. 
W    Harpir  .ind  J.  Wil'-^n,  BiiOKe-row,  mercbaao.   M171I1 
Chartef  Hughra,  KOyat-orciia,  dealer.    Apnl  14. 
W.  Hu5,  Bimun^ham,  Uoen  draper.    A^fl  ai, 
T.  Harii>,raurc-cuurt,  brjer.    Mays. 
J.  Hamr'n,  Vaten«j(lrr.row,tKwkfcLcr.     May  3X> 
J'^.  Hu9(^,  N««-cat^le,  lineu draper.    Jaar  14. 
jofiij;  Wum>cnd,Maj«<f»eatr, innkeeper.    M«y  M. 


Majli 


Jofi^J-.W 

jA.nes  H^vdinJ,  Tauntoa,  titaberrraetJiaat.    biay  ai. 

ftiinuik  J<:i.;:r.M,  (>   K'i^^iuidcr  6rcet,coacb-ma.'ef'.   April^b 

J,  R  Jv>^  cti,  Flwt*itrrrt,  man^fl  mercer.    Apnl  at. 
.  W  Joasn,  MxlJoii,  butcher.     April  19. 
Samuc;  Jobafun,  No'.!ln(hain,  croccr;    Apiilj^ 
Crjrcc  i.ucat,  B«Mb>tanc,  dcaicr.    Ap^tln. 
Mattr  ew  Low luwn,  St.  Geurfe'i'firWs^tlcMK-maibn    April  :9. 
P.  l.e<'s  and  ).  Hague,  Hmt^,  corroa^tpinners.    Mayic. 

i.  Lvrna'l,  ten.  and  R.  Lyth^dl,  Coventry,  weolBaplcxt.  Maj  v 
.  llantf    <n,  M^'icheiier,  mt^rchai  t.    May  39. 
!ohiiM.::Ier,R*cfurl,  dealer.    Aprti  17. 
anic.  MiiJai,  RcUietter,  linen  draper.    May  S. 
m  M4uue,  Holbrck,  ciornier.    Apil^. 
l'.M"Q  y.  Hare-meet,  brewer.   May  17. 
T.  May,  Kcwmarkct,  carpenter.    April 2«.-  - 
A.  a.d  K.  Mdrtkaer,  Marlhoruuth,  liacn  4rapen. 
'Ibunu.^  NkwUna,  Cticapridt:,  i^rucer.     May  ij. 
R.   rurvK,  0)««tcr-le-i  revt,  miU«r.    April  ao. 
G.  I-aii4cr,  Heltton,  bwJtrelkr.     April  50. 

i(*nl»^.iethwAije,  Li>^rpooUmcjchanl.    AprO  aii 
.  Parlunfon,  Bentle)  ,  bre  wrr.    May  1 1 . 
i.  Fu»l4rrt,  Ntirtliowram.  wot'lftapler.     April  a6. 
.  Frrchctt,  ^tvxt^er,  druegitf.     May§. 
£vjn  rntilips,  F'-^tcr-lane.  laikiw^baadlcr.    May  aa. 
J(m  I  Kci  ly,  Ul^ucc-.lcr,  fufc.ar-bak«r.     Aprir27. 
K .  Rciiuit'oa,  Saiford,  ropr-maker.    April  7S. 
K.  Rainlkien,  bcarborouch,  ^r^jcefj    April  jj. 

ichn  RailorJ,  FridK'A'aier,  Cirner-     April  10. 
>cnuuK)aii,  Stiaitud'dreci,  viauaBci.    Apiit  a^ 
H   Hiiiitci,  Leeat,  iniiholdcr-     Ma/  7. 

iamei  Simptbn,  Lambeth,  vickvailer.    ApoiKi^- 
tUAi  u  ^  .^411,  Wappiiig.wall,  m^-inakcT.    April  A, 
J.   liirtman,  $■   Varjon  and  T.  Vardoa,  New  tXMdAxvtt 

(;:u.<triMtn*.     April  i4. 
Sa-nii.-)   r-iitriy,  Chc.it  uJe,  liren  draper.     Ap'^  14. 
Thn-rji!,  Tya«,  W> aUunoav-itiU,  a.k  broker.    April  21. 
Bub.  Terry,  Hadlcicb,  mercer.    May  u 
Jiiin  'liiuirr,  jaii  Newport,  vi^ualk*.    May  14. 
Itavie  Vvl-) ,  v^  .wdbf  I  'qe,  flwipMreper.    May  it- 
Richard  \V.ktr&,  Fare!iara,  bra:.dy-nierchant.     April  |6. 

ii>Iin  Wri^lcy,  3aakK».t,  tii;ac<ler.   May  j- 
icbara  vv'u^«  ^uunt'u.  d-iuiu«e«  miiler.    April  a|. 
Eaw.  Wtl,  D/rk-kOTuV-.lane,  wire-mercbant.    April  14. 
Bait!   Walker,  Kid Jermiafter,  Ihoeinak^.     JtfiiiaS- 

iohn  Watlbi),  Rorlwrbiri,  erocer.  '  May  a. 
[.  Wurr^Il.JdB.  i^bciEcld,Kn««r.    April  3*.     •     -     - 
F.  WaUce,  Rdgwarc.road,  carpenter.    May  S< 

•  Errata.  In  our  laft,  the  words  *<  farnatical  banners  of  the  crofs,"  ought  to -hare  fcc«i 
marked  with  inverted  commas,  as  a  quotation  from  the  foreign  journaJs.— In -the  Icttrr  5i 
China,  page  165,  note,  im  *•  eternal  ^'irjinctre^''  read  **  as  vrrhrr.''— -Next  jw^,  Ihie  16, 
for   **  burneJ,**    read   *  Af/7r</.''-— In  page  15,    the   inkiRls  <*  I.  •A.-'*  were  omit  ted  as  a 

6gna^jTC  to   the  artitle  rclatire  to  the  death  of  Mrs.  WrigM,  of-.D«nde^^. ^n  Page  ^f^ 

column  2,  line  65,  in  the  life  of  Garrit,  for  <<  forward,"  read  <*  formed|'^ii»|ge»i8,  ctv 
fumn  I,  line  7,  for  *•  poi^ion,"  read  **  proportion  ;**•' page  al^i  column  Hj-Kiw  fo,  oniit 
«<  an"  before  **  unfreqacnt.*'— —-In  »  few  copies  of  the  laft  Vabietibs,  for  **•  mctalft* 
traitor*,"  read  ««  mcullic  traftors." 


tun. 

W,  Yw 


.  YuuB(,  Bamrtate,  vintner.    B'.»iuu  C»ok\-tiurt. 


[    309    J; 
PROVINCIAL    OCCURRENCES. 


jr^RTHUMBZRLAND    AKD  PUKHAM.  . 

Merr'ud.^  At  Ncwcaftlc,  lieutenant  Wm. 
Rex,  oTtheEaft  Middlefex  miUtib,  to  MIfs 
Charlotte  Kinlock.  -  Mr.  Anthony  Scott,  of 
Southwkk,  to  MiTs  Pearfon.  Mr.  Leavifs, 
to  Mifs  A.  Atkinfon. 

At  ChoUerton,  Thot.  Clennell,  cr<].  of 
Harbottk  Caftle,  to  MHs  Sarah  Reed,  of 
Chipc^afe. 

At  Shap,  on  Bkfter  Monday,  Mr.  Thomas 
Bryham,  of  Hegdale,  to  Mifs  Sanh  Pro6!or, 
of  f&clcthorpe,  near  Lowther.  The  bride- 
groom weighs  little  more  than  eight  ftone,  the 
bride  about  eighteen.  She  has  been  employed 
lately  in  the  capacity  of  cocA^-maid  in  iJord 
lonfda]e*s  kitchen,  at  Lowther  Kail. 

Died>  ]  At  Newcaftlc,  in  the  prime  of  life, 
Mrs.  Keenlyfide,  wife  of  Mr.  Richard  Keen- 
lyfide,  furgeon.  Walter  Saunders,  efcj.  late 
a  captain  and  paymafier  in  the  Eaft  Middlefex 
nUitia,  quartered  in  this  town.  Mrs.  Mur- 
ray, widow  of  the  late  Mr.  James  Murray, 
miniftcr  of  the  Highbridge  mceting-houfe  in 
this  town,  and  author  of  the  <<  LefJure  on  the 
kn/etatioHi.^"  Mr.  David  Laws,  roufter  of  the 
Twins.  Mr.  David  Hamilton.  Suddenly, 
Mr.  Jofeph  Fothergill.  He  had  lived  up- 
wards of  40  years  in  the  employ  of  Meftts. 
Doubleday  stnd  Eafterby. 

At  Durham,  after  a  few  hours  itlnefs, 
George  Pearfon,  cfq.  attorney,  ihd  clerk  of 
the  peace  for  the  county  of  Durham,  receiver- 
general  for  the  Lord  Biihop  of  Durham,  and 
deputy  regiftrar  of  the  court  of  chancery  in 
this  city. 

At  her  feat  at  Fdton  Park,  in  Northum- 
berland, after  a  lingering  illnefs,  Mrs.  Rid- 
dell,  Tt\\€t  of  the  late  Thomas  Riddcll,  efq. 
of  Swinburn  Caftle. .  She  was  the  laft  de- 
fcendant,  from  the  male  line,  of  the  ancient 
and  honourable  family  o(  the  Widdr:ngtons. 
The  fttavity  of  her  mannerly  the  invariable 
equanimity  of  her  temper,  her  condefc^niton 
and  exten&ve  charities  to  the  poor,  will  long 
tender  her  memory  facred. 

At  Stockton,  Mr.  Chaloner,  fon  of  the 
late  Captain  Chaloner,  and  nephew  to  <  Mrs. 
Chaloner,  of  Cuifborough,  York/hire.  Alfo, 
Mr.  Michael  Heavifidcs,  captain  in  the  mer- 
cha;zt  fervice.  Mrs.  Stanifoid.  Mn.  Beck- 
with. 

At  Berwick  upon  Tweed,  in  a  very  advan- 
ced age,  Mrs.  Pre^lor. 

Ht  Hetherkkfliank)  nejir  Ncwcaftle,  Mr. 
William  Goldbarn. 

At  Old  Bewick,  in  his  S4th  yc.v,  Mr. 
William  Shell.  Refilled  the  office  of  church- 
warden upw.irds  of  50  y«^. 

Mr.  William  Hilton,  of  Oatelhead.  Hia 
poetical  ulcnt«,  ftrifi  integrity,  and  mauly 
re(i|SsaticMi  under  accumulatedmufortunes,pro- 
cured  l^iin  the  eileea  of  a  numeroM  and  very 
refpcdlabU  acqaaiotance.  Mr.  John  Sharp. 

At  X>arliof  ton,  ia  his  77fih  yexr,  Mr.  Jam^s 
BsLckfaovfc. 


At  Wolfingham,  in  the  7lA  year  of  hit 
age,  Mr.  JohnPe.irt.  .    , 

At  Berwick,  Mrs.  Darling. 

At  North  Charlton,  near  Alnwick,  aged 
$a,  Mr.  George  Rochfcftcr. 

At  Monkwcarmouth  Shore,  Mifs  Mary 
Ue. 

Suddenly,  at  Eaft  Shaftoe,  tibunty  of  Nor- 
thunjbcrland,  Shaftoe  Vaughan,  efq. 

At  Morpeth,  in  her  71ft  year,  Mrs.  Wil- 
fon.  * 

At  Stockton,  in  an  advanced  age,  Mr«. 
Robinfon. 

On  the  xft  inftant,  at  Darlington,  the  day 
previous  to  the  completion  of  his  77th  year, 
James  Backhoufc,  banker,  one  of  the  people 
callcH  2"^e«-  He  was  a  man  generalfy 
refpe£kcd,  on  account  of  the  many  laudable 
qualities  hcpoflened;  and  which,  from  hl» 
fituatian  in  life,  he  had  frequent  opportuni- 
ties of  rendering  confpicuous.  Eafy  and 
aftablc  in  his  manners,  he  gained  the  love 
and  cftcem  of  a  very  large  circle  of  acquaint- 
ance !  humane  and  benevolent  in  difp6iition, 
he  difpenfed  his  liberality  to  the  poor,  by 
whom  he  was  regarded  as  their  friend  artd 
kind  beuefa^or :  juft  and  upright  in  all  hit 
concerns,  his  opinion  was  confultcd,  and  aJ- 
vice  reforted  to,  in  a  variety  of  inftances; 
and  often,  through  his  mediation,  were  dif- 
ferences and  difputes  brought  to  an  amicable 
adjuftment.  In  his  domeftic  relations,  he 
VIM  a  tender  hulband,  an  atFe^^nate  parent^ 
a  kind  and  generous  mafler. 

CUMBERLAND    ANU    WESTMOR  IL  AND.^ 

Married.]  At  Cockcrmouth,  Mr.  George 
Pennington,  to  Mifs  Stoddart. 

At  Camerton,  Mr.  Jonathan-  Longmirr, 
cooper,  of  Cockermouth,  to  Mifs  Agnes 
Walton,ofSeaton  works.  ^ 

At  Kendal,  Mr*  Lazarus  Thrclfall,  of  Lan- 
cafter,  to  Mifs  Greenliow,  of  the  former 
place. 

At  Ulverton,  Mr.  Robert  Brily,  to  Mifs 
Eleanor  .Wil  fon. 

Died.)  At  Carlifle,  fuddenly,  Mrs.  Re- 
becca Scott.     Mr.  R.  Skelton. 

At  Whitehaven,  in  her  64.th  year,  Mrs. 
Hall.  Aged  86,  Thomas  Lowther.  In  the 
74th  year  of  her  a^c,  Mrs.  Margaret  MandeU. 
Aged  66,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Chriftian. 

At  Brampton,  in  the  80th  year  of  her  age, 
Mrs.  Armitrong.  Few  pexfons  can  boaft  a 
niofitf  amiable  and  refpe£table  chara^er. 

At  Moor-riggs,  near  Lowther,  aged  70, 
Mr.  W.  Powley. 

At  Nock,  in  the  parifli  of  Cleator,  aged 
85,  Mrs.  Dinah  Nicholfon. 

At  Appleby,  after  a  long  and  painful  ill- 
nefs, Mrs.  Wade. 

At  Brifcoe,  in  h^  74th  year,  Mr.  Jona- 
than Horn,  fen.  land-furv'cyor,  and  teacher 
cf  the  hiathematics. 

In  Wert  Strand,  Mr.  John  Dowfon. 

At  K2»dal,  Mrs.  Clemcfltfon. 


310 


Yhrl(jhiri..f.ChfS'ire. 


At  Penrith  I  Mrs.  ftabcocky  formerly  of 
HanpttAy  Middiefex. 

AtR^dall,  aged  52,  Mr.  D«nl.  I>Mlby. 

'At  Searoiiy  near  Workington,  in  an  ad- 
▼anedd  age,  Mr.  Cliriftopher  Holiday..  He 
^cmpkrj^dhunMf  in  working  in  his  garden  the 
preceding  day,  partook  of  fome  boiled  miUc 
iKxt  Aipper,  and  retired  to  re((  at  lits  ufual 
ikour,  apparently  in  good  health. 

At  Penrith,  Mr.  Felix  Simfoo,  colieaor 
•f  excife,  of  Whitehaven,  to  Mri.  Hodgfoa, 
tf  the  former  place. 

The  rev.  Wm.  Monkhoufe,  of  Roughton- 
Head,  to  Mift  Relph,  of  Wigtoo. 

At  Uldale,  Mr.  Craghill,  of  Horferooor- 
BU1>  C0  Miis  Mary  Thwaites,  of  Murkholm. 

yORKSHIRS. 

Married^  ]  At  York,  Mr.  Charles  Watfon , 
«f  Wakefield,  to  Mifs  Mary  Ann  Crippa,  fe- 
cond  daughter  of  the  Ute  rev.  Thomas  Cripps, 
•f  Chetdl^^  Cheihire. 

AtJUeeds,  Mr.  William  Wood,  merchant, 
t(  York,  to  Mifs  Frances  Strother,  daughter 
of  lAx.  Fmoces  Strother,  of  Park-lane. 

At  Hull,  CapUin  Samuel  Standigde  Stork, 
to  Mlfs  Topg,  after  a  coortihip  of  fix  weeks, 
the  exa&  time  ftnce  the  deccafc  of  his  former 
Vi/e.     Mr.  Umpleky,  to  Mrs.  Green. 

Mr.  John  SutcUf^e,  of  Stoneihaw-gate, 
near  Halifax,  to  Mifs  Geeenwoodyonly  d^mgh- 
ter  of  the  Ute  Mr.  George  Greeowood» 
•f  Moor-houfe,  near  Haworth. 

At  l«diham,  Mr.  Jofeph  Wigglefworth, 
of  Hurn-houfe,  near  Leeds,  to  Mrs.  Prince, 
widow  of  the  late  Mr.  George  Prince,  of 
^ull.  -  . 

At  Berkin»  near  Ferry-bridge,  Mr.  Acroyd, 
of  Burghwallis,  to  Mifs  Loftus,  of  Temple 
Mirft. 

Mr.   Martiii  Hinde,  of  Leeds,    to  Mifs 
Charlotte  Greenway,  of  Did/bury,  Lancafliire. 
At  Richmond,  Lieutenant  Moore,  of  the 
65th  regiment,  to  Mifs  Craggs. 

At  Cottingham,  Mr.  Benjamin  Blaydes, 
jun.  of  Hull,  to  Mifs  Knowfiey,  of  the 
ibrmer  place. 

Mr.  Cornelius,  of  Newland,  to  Mifs  Ami 
Ciofs,  of  Hull,  daughter  of  the  late  rev.  Mr. 
Crofs,  of  Pactrington. 

AtKirby  MoorQde,  Mr.  William  Cote,  of 
Wrelton,  to  Mifs  Atkinfon,  of  the  former 
place. 

At  Halifax,  Mr.  James  Crofslcy,  to- Mifs 
Ann  Grcfnup. 

Dud."]  At  York,  in  the  66th* year  of  his 
age,  Mr.  Wiru?.m  Bluitt,  aUeriaan.  Mr. 
B.  ferved  the  oHke  of  lord  mayor  for  thii 
city  in  X7S8.  Hia  bene  voicniwC  and  uniform 
integiity  procured  him  the  rcfpedt  and  love 
of  all  who  had  an  opportunity  <A  knowing 
him.  By  his  de.uh  foiicty  has  Loft  an  excel* 
lent  individual  in  prl\ace  chani^tcr,  and  a 
publi:  magiltrate  ot  great  abillry,  ;nf.exlble 

Srchii^y,  and  indctail^Lle   diligence    in  the 
utic»  of  his  ofhcc. 
In  her  73d   year,  Mrs.   Scroop,  «idow  of 
the  late  S.  bc*(M^9  ti<^-  of  Daoby. 


M  the  fame  pl^c^  JO^fi  t^gret^ed,  10  her 
84.th  ye.ir^  Mrs.  Elisabeth  CibliMi.  Mr. 
Lewis  Jobnfon^  brother  of  the  late  Pcief 
Johnfon^  efq,  recorder  of  thii  c'lty. 

At  Leeds,  Mr.  J.  Simpfoo,  merchant.  la 
his  ySth  year^  Mr.  Thoxnas  Wioe,  £oQserif 
a  merchant  in  this  city,  and  a  oa^ve  of  Jer- 
fey. 

At  Hull,  aged  i%^  the  rev.  ThemasCar* 
ter,  late  minifter  of  th^  £h^9£cr  dbapci, 
Daggcr-lanc. 

At  Suany  Bank,  near  Leeds,  Mr.  Mann, 
formerly  ao  attorney  in  Leeds ;  but  who  bad 
for  foroe  years  paft  retired  £rom  bufioef^. 

At  Doncaftcr,  aged  69,  Mr.  Robt.  Crowle, 
late  of  Pryftooj  near  Ferryhddgb.  Alia, 
Mrs.  Cave. 

At  his  father^s  houfe,  in  Rippoot  aged  1^ 
Mr.  John  Roy,  one  of  the  muficiacs  in  the 
king^s  opera-noufe.  At  the  fame  place,  in 
^his  9Qth  year,  Mr.  John  Terry,  aWcrmaa, 
and  father  of  the  corporation.  He  (ervci 
the  office  of  mayor  three  feveral  aimcs  in  te- 
gular routiun. 

Jn  Acomb,  Mr.  William  Kay. 

In  his  93d  year,  Mr.  John  SlmpfoD»  (if 
Wilberfo(s. 

At  Pontofraa,  in  an  advanced  age,  Mri. 
Harrifon« 

At  Oultoo,  Bear  Leeds,  Mr.  Mttma^uk* 
Vavafour,  tanner. 

At  the  White  Lwn  inn,  Hafifax,  Mr. 
Mkhacl  Dillon,  merchant,  of  Dublia.  KU 
death  was  occafioncd  by  a  violent  ferer, 
which  feised  him  as  he  was  preparuig  10  re- 
turn to  Ireland. 

At  Sheffield,  the  rev.  John  Harmer,  dif* 
fenting  minifter.  He  vras  fu^Unly  fei/ed 
with  a  iit  of  apoplexy,  denominated  tbe 
angina  pt£foriif  in  the  fliopof  MciTrs.  Rijgai^ 
and  Bennct,  bookfellers>  and  expired  without 
a  ftruggle. 

At  Gigglefwick,  near  Settle,  inJus47^ 
year,  Mr.  SUikie,  brother  to  (!»e  rev.  Mt 
Starkie,  vicar  of  that  parUh. 

At  Bradfofd,  Mr.  Jonas  Bower. 
Near   Bradford,  -in  the  67th  year  of  her 
age,  Mrs.  Rookes,  relid  of  the  Ute  Willba 
Rookcs,  tU\.  of  Biholt  Hall. 

At  AJkham,  near  York,  aged  lo,  Wu'i 
Ann  Clarke. 

At .  Scarborough,  Mr.  Ednuuid  ]>ay.  la 
hcrB6ch  year,  Mrs.  Williarafon,  rclift  of  the 
late  Mr.  John  WUliamfon,  (hi^-owner. 

At  Clayton,  at  the  advaAced  age  of  95* 
Mrs.  Allott. 

At  Sedbcrg,  aged  64.  th«  »eir.  Wm.  Caw* 
-thorp,  A.  M.  "^icar  of  that  place,  and  fellf  i» 
.  of  Trinity  college,  Cambr!f|gr« 

At  Ellinthorpe,  near  Boroughhridfe,  igid 
23,  Mifs  Chirk. 

CRtUlltl. 

Marne^i.'i  At  Ghcficr,  MiC  Jboes,  a  ^ttj 
rcfped»bl<  laujuer,  of  Trefnaney,  Monifo* 
meryfiiire,  to  Mifs  Catherine  Hvghes,  « 
the  former  pUce^  Mr.  joha  Jil«her»»  bcc)&- 
f«Ucr,  to  Miu  Kelly. 


Lanc^fi}i 


>tre. 


stir 


2W.]    AtChefter,  Mr.  H.  Huxley.  Mr. 

T&omas  Smith.  In  her  96ch  year,  Mrs. 
Uoji,  of  the  ancient  family  of  nendrey  i^ 
the  coonty  of  Meriooeth.  Mr.  William 
Biflgley,  grocer.  Aged  93,  Mrs.  Mary 
Weteohal] .  Mrs.  Barnfton,  reliA  of  the  late 
Tnfford  Bamftony  efq.  and  aunt  of  Roger 
Btfnfton,  ef).  late  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
CheSun  militia.  Her  amiable  chara^r  ren- 
dcTtd  her  univerfally  beloved  and  refpe^ed 
while  living,  and  her  lofs  equally  regretted. 

At  the  lame  place,  Mr.  Amery,  jun.  fon 
of  Mr.  Alderman  Amery. 

Mr.  Charles  Wilbraham,   of  the  Green 
Walls,  farmer. 

Mr.  Owen  Maddock,  a  refpeAabk  famer, 
of  the  Corn  Hill,  near  Hanmore. 

At  Cheadle,  greatly  refpeded,  Mr.  Ifaac 
Wood,  late  a  corn-dealer  in  Manchefter. 

At  Middlewich,  aged  Sx,  Mr.  John  Sea- 
man. 
Mr.  Pau!  Dutton>  of  Grafbon  Hall. 
At  Malpas,  Mr.  William  Weaver. 
Ac  Great  Boughton,  Mr.    Ridiard  ^- 
ward,  of  the  Red  Lion,  to  Mifs  Sufannah 
Huffey. 

At  Adbory,  near  Congleton,  Mr.  Pedley, 
of  Eaton,  maUiler,  to  Mifs  Steele,  of  Con- 
gleton. 

LANCAtHIBS. 

A  curious  antique  helmet  and  maik, 
difcovefed  fome  time  fince  at  Ribchefter,  in 
this  county^  were  lately  exhibited  at  the  . 
meeting  of  the  fociety  of  antiquarians,  where 
they  excited  fo  much  admiration,  that  their 
draftman,  Mr.  Underwood,  was  ordered  to 
make  correct  drawings  of  them  for  the  ufc  of 
the  fociety.  The  helmet  is  Roman,  and  ap- 
pears to  have  been  executed  between  the 
reigns  of  Sc|>tlmus  Severus  and  Conllantinc. 
The  defign  of  the  figures  which  decorate  it  is  , 
trery  gtand,  and  fuperior  to  the  execution. 
— The  maik  which  was  found  attached  to  the 
bflmet  is  of  the  firft  Grecian  workmanship, 
nl  is  prohubly  the  produftion  of  the  age  of 
\1exandcr  the  Great.  The  cognofccnti  are 
lot  agreed  as  to  its  character,  fome  taking  it 
or  a  Bacchus,  others  for  a  Medufaj  but  all 
oncur  in  pronouncing  it  one  of  the  fineft  pic- 
es of  antique  fculpture  ever  difcovercd"  in 
hij  or  any  other  country.  Thefe  valuable 
irTK^ues  were  found  by  mere  accident^  a  bay 
idin^  down  a  bank,  part  of  the  earth  gave 
^y,  and  led  to  the  important  difcovery. 
^  her  antiques,  of  lefs  value,  have  h^en 
ibfc^uently  dug  up  in  the  fame  place*,  a 
:indarv1,  and  fome  inliruments  for  faccifice. 
hey  focm  t<5  have  been  dep«litcd  with  great 
I  c;  a  cube  of  about  eight  feet  of  the  fiat^ 
1  foil  having  been  cleared  away,  and  the 
«c?  filled  with  dry  fani,  with  the  various 
r..  7r>>in  the  middle.  Thefe  reliques  now 
rich  the  xnagniScent  colIe£tion  of  antiqui- 
S  bj^longing  toChailes  Townley,  efa." 
,if.^rnrJ.J  At  Livcrpr^l,  Cipt.  William 
r.jn,  to  Mifs  Elixabith  Uell.  Mr.  Peter 
•;^h<,  to  Mrj%  Sarratt.  Mr.  Baxter,  UU 
MoNXH.  Mag.  No.  XXX. 


low-chandler,  of  Carlillc»  to  Mifs  Mirtlfl^ 
of  Liverpool. 

At  Manchefter,  Mr.  N.  Clough,  Co 
Mift     Gibfon.      Mr.    Matley»     to     Mrs. 

Ann  Dipkenibn,  matron  of  the  Man- 
chefter infirmary.  Mx.  Samuel  Thomas* 
merchant,  to  Mils  Sufan  Bullock,  of  Bury. 

At  the  fame  place,  Ralph  Little,  to  Jane 
Sidebotham.  They  lived  in  the  ferrice  of 
Mr.  MUne^s  family,  tl^e  bridegroom  I4»  ,and 
the  bride  nearly  30  years. 

At  Sal^Md,  Mr.  Thomas  Gorft,  jun.  of 
Sealand,  near  Chefter,  to  Mils  PritcWd,  of 
the  former  place.    . 

At  Hailingden,  Mr.  Minikall,  late  lioufe* 
furgeon  and  apothecary,  and  now  vifitin0 
apothecary  of  the  Liverpool  infirmary,  to 
Mifs  Lonfdaie,  daughter  of  the  late  Mr.  Lpnf- 
dale,  of  Hailingden,  merchant. 

At  Wigan,  Mr.  Lewis,  on^  of  the  under- 
takers of  the  Lancafter  canal,  to  Mrs.  Fog« 
of  the  Roebuck  inn,  at  Wigan. 

Diai.]  At  Liverpoool,  in  his  Soth  year* 
Mr.  James  Appleton.  Mr.  John  Altafs,  aged 
30.  Mr.  Jofeph  Berry.  In  his  65th  year* 
Mr.  John  Parr,  gunfmith.  After  a  long  and 
paintul  illnefs,  borne  with  esemplary  forti- 
tude, Mr.  Richardfon,  jun.  Mr.  Peter  Law- 
fon.  Mr.  James  Aihcrofit,  draper.  Mr... 
Titherington.  Mrs.  Gerard,  widow  of  the 
late  Mf.  Richard  Gerard,  who  ferved  the 
office  of.  mayor  for  this  bovough  in  17S0U 
Mifs  Nunes. 

At  Manchefter,  Mr.  Holloa.  Mr.  Johil 
Lingard.  Mr.  William  Uiher.  mafter  of  the 
collegiate  church  fchool.  Mr.  Nelfoo,  at- 
torney. Mr.  Patrick  Callaghan.  Mr.  John 
Rogers,  gardener,  late  of  Chefter.  ^Mr. 
Seddon,  bookfeller.  Mr.  Richard  Radford. 
Mrs.  Howard.     Mr.  Samuel  Hough. 

At  Lancafter;  Mrs.  Mary  Whit^fiold,  of 
the  Crofs  Keys  inn.  Mrs.  Lawfon.  .  Mr. 
James  Ripley,  of  the  Three  Tun#.  Mrs. 
Elisabeth  Walmfley,  fifter  to  the  late  Mr. 
Thomas  Walmfley,  ironmonger. 

At  Blackburn,  Mn,  Kelly.  Mr.  TailifB 
Kindle,  of  the  Three  Legs  pttUie«&oufe. 
Mr.  L.  Percy,  hatter  and  hoficr. 

At  Nova  Scotia,  near  Blackburn,  Mrs. 
Haworth,  of  the  Weaver's  Arms  public*- 
houfe. 

Mrs.  Morvill,  of  CotcJngley  Bridgei  >><>* 
Bingley. 

At  Bolton,  in  his  ySth  year,  Mr.  Seth 
Flitcroft,  yeoman.  He  was  the  father  of 
thirty  children  by  two  wives  ^  five  by  a  for« 
mer,  and  twenty -five  by  his  prcfcnt  widow. 
Mrs.  Ridgway. 

At  Prefcott,  Mrs.  Kldd. 

At  OrvaGLitk^  Mrs.  Malfall.  • 

At  Chorlcy,  Mrs.  Threlfill,  wife  of  Mr. 
John  ThcifolL 

At  >Vavetrce,  Mr.  Wm.  Now^ll  Lickbar* 
row.  Aged  82,  Mr.  William  Fleming^ 
gardener, 

Mr.  John  Andrew,  of  Crumpfail,  near 
Manchefter. 

Ss  A 


JfH^     DfrhyJbiri-^Nottingbamfiki...,.R^ndJhire„,XeUeJ{trJh^^ 


At  Wlgaji,  >y  falling  ipto  the  river,  a$  he 
^8  returning  homca  Mr.  James  Finch, 
brafs-foynder. 

At  Winftanlcy,  near  Wigan,  Mrs.  Banks. 

At  Preilwicb,  Mr.  Thom4S  Btadfliaw,  ca- 
Bto-printer. 

At  Prcfton,  MIfs  Mayor,  Mrs.  Wilkin- 
Ibn.  Mr.  John  Mitton,  aadioneer.  Mrs. 
<|Kgtrs,  innkeepfer.  In  an  advanced  age, 
Mrs.  Hornby,  a  lady  much'  and  greatly 
cfteemcd  by  all  vho  had  the  pleafure  of  her 
a^^aintance. 

At  Walton -Ic  -  We,  near  Prcfton,  Mr. 
Thomst  Woudy  cotton  manufacturer,  to  Mifs 
Carter. 

'  At  Kigbley,  Mr.  Laycock,  to  Mifs  Mary 
Craven,  of  Walk  Mill. 

AtSalford,  Mr.  Crompton  Uvefcy,  paper 
aftnufadurer,  to  Mifs  Crompton. 

The  rev.  Mr.  Shewtlt,  miniftcr  of  Bid* 
fton,  toMifi  Biiliop. 

Mr.  R.  Hoiraid,  of  Straines,   near  DiHey, 
to  Mifs  Phebe  2Vider,  of  Manchefter. 
,     At  Chctham,  Mr.  Ogden,  to  Mifs  Mary 
Befwick,  of  Httlme. 

At  UifingtoQ,  Mr.  R.  Price  Pulefton«  to 
Mifs  Cotbctt,  of  Sundom. 

At  Childerall,  Mr.  Fletcher  Hayfcs,  of 
the  y^avetree  c^ce-houfe,  to  Mrs.  Strick- 
land, of  Wavetree. 

At  Lancafler,  Mif»  Lydia  Ravirlinfon,  one 
•fche  datigl^ccrs  of  the  late  Thomas  Hutton 
Rawiinfon,  efq.  and  fifter  of  AbramRaw- 
linfon,  efq.  forxnerly  member  of  parliament 
foi  Lancuter.  Her  amiable  difpoiition  and 
conciliating  manners  endeared  her  to  a  nuroe- 
voot  and  refpeftable  circle  of  friends,  who 
will  long  regret  her  lofs.  Her  bounties, 
though  estenfivCf  were  not  the  mere  impulfe 
of  the  moment,  but  were  guided  by  judg- 
ncnt,  and  the  difcharge  of  thofe  oflkes  of 
benevolence,  which  her  fortune  enabled  her 
to  perform,  conftituted  at  oace  ber  duty  and 
ho*  pleafure. 

At  the  lame  place,  Bfifs  Sharp. 

DIKBTSRIRZ. 

Mtrrui*']  At  Derby,  Mr.  Butter,  pro- 
prietor of  the  Newcaftle  and  Nottingham 
lodable,  to  Mrs.  lEmery,  of  Etlvall. 

Mr.  ^enlbaw,  of  Wefton  upon  Trent,  to 
A^fs  Storer,  fifter  to  Mr.  Storer,  grocer,  of 
Derby, 

Dm/.]  At  Derby,  aged  52,  the  rev.  Na- 
tbaniel  Pl^llips,  minifter  of  the  diU'enting 
congragtition  in  the  Friar-gate.  Aj^cd  17, 
Mr.  John  Wright,  eldeft  fon  of  the  late  Jo- 
fcph  Wright,  efq. 

^  AtRtpley,  Matthew  Bowler,  by  the  fall"- 
mg  in  of  the  roof  of  one  of  the  coal-pits  of 
that  place. 

At  Dronfield,  near  Derby,  Mrs.  Ockley, 
daughter  of  Dr.  Ockley,  tte  celebrated 
Arabic  profefibr  at  Cambridge  about  the  com- 
mencement of  the  prefent  century.  This 
lady  lived  to  the  advanced  age  of  95,  and  by 
her  virtues,  benevolence,  and  charity,  con- 
eiliatfid  the  afieCkioa  aoi  ellcem  of  all  wha 
knew  her. 


•  KOTTINCMAMSHiai. 

Mgfried.^  At  Nottingh«n,  Mr.  Bortoa, 
late  of  the  George  and  Dragon,  oo  theUag 
Row,  to  Mrs.  Simpfon,  of  Radford. 

At  Wilford,  Mr.  Willcrtbn,  of  Coventry, 
to  Mifs  Carver,  of  the  former  p*ace. 

t>ied.]  At  Nottingham,  aged  64,  Mr. 
Bochan,  hofier.  In  his  64th  ^^rar,  Mr. 
Bcftwick,  butcher.  Mrs.  Mtrrin,  wife  al 
Mr.  Merrin,  rope-maker.  Mr.  Ocflf,  floor- 
feller.  The  rev.  Mr.  Parker,  vicar  of  Haw- 
ton,  near  Newark.  Mr.  W.  Hoyles,  of  tSe 
Dbg  and  Bear  public-houfe. 

At  the  fame  place,  in  confcquence  o*  excel- 
five  drinking,  Jonathan  Spring. 

At  Wilford,  near  Nottingham,  in  hfr 
Sothvcar,  Mrs.  Leefon,,a  widow  lady.  Aged 
24,  Mifs  Eliwbcch  Gill,  eldeft  daughter  of 
the  rev.  William  Gill. 

AtWoIlaton,  in  his  75th  ye>'»  "*  ^\ 
Ifaac  Pickthall,  tedor  of  that  place  aad  of 
Trowell. 

At  Mansfield,  Mifs  Mary  Senior,  daughtci 
of  Mr.  J.  Senior,  hoficr. 

Mr.  William  Shaw,  eldeft  fon  of  Mr.  ]. 
Sliaw,  of  Trowell-Moor. 

AtBlasford,  in  his  41ft  year,  Mr.  Thomas 
Mllnes,  bleacher. 

At  Bafin^jfield,  near  Nottingham,  Mr. 
Singleton,  formerly  a  maltfter  00  the  Loog 
Row. 

At  Colgrave,  after  a  lingering  illneU.Mrt 
Harris,  wife  of  Mr.  John  Harris,  of  Notting- 
ham, 

At  Retford,  agedaS,  much  regretted,  Mr. 
O.  S.  Bradsfbrd,  printer,  of  Newark. 

At  Sandylane,  near  Arnold,  in  theSotk 
year  of  his  age,  Mr.  Jonathan  Stnrtivafit. 

At  Laneham,  Mr.  Minnitt,  an  opalcnt 
farmer. 

At  Sneinton,  near  Nottingham,  in  ber 
64th  year,  Mrs.  Morley. 

After  a  ihort  indifpofition,  at  the  family 
manlion  of  the  right  hon.  earl  Howe,  at 
Langor,  near  Bingham,  Mr.  Hall,  who,  far 
upwards  of  30  years,  had  aded  with  gtwt 
integrity,  in  the  capacity  of  ftewas]J  to  thai 
nobleman. 

At  MansfieM  Wood-honfc,  Mr.  Samuel 
Frith,  an  opulent  farmer  and  maltfter. 

At  Radford,  Mr.  Bennett. 

RUTLANDSKiaZ. 

Dicd.^  At  his  feat  at  Exton,  the  Right 
Hon.  Henry  Noel,  eari  of  Oainftoroogh, 
vifcount  Campden  of  Campden,  baron  Noel 
of  Redlington,  baron  Hicks  of  Ilmifigwji 
baron  Noel  of  TltchficW,  and  Baronet,  Hs 
lordihlp  was  born  in  174-5,  And  became  fixtn 
earl  of  Gainftoroygh  on  the  dcceafe  of  his 
brother,  BaptlA  Noel,  whp  died  at  Geneva, 
in  May,  1759.    The  earldom  i«  now  tttjnd. 

Lf  IGKSTEkSSllLE. 

JKrrriW]  At  Letcefter,  Mr.  JaBJfS  Mil- 
let, hoficr,  to  Mifs  Blakcfley,  nxec*  rf  Mr. 
Blakelley,  banker.  Dr.  T.  Arnold",  pbyficiafi, 
to  Miia  Thompfon,  of  Stamford.  Mr.  D.  ^ 
Kofs,  hofier,  to  MUs  J^  CUyton*  daughter 

flf 


itajfir^rt..,.H^arvoiciJbiret...Line6hJblrt, 


313 


•f  eke  reT.  Mr.  CUfton^  vkar  of  Belgrave^ 

%adttCtQ€  of  Norton  by  Twycrofs. 

Mr.  FarneUi  hofier,  to  Mrs.  Varnam»  qf 
Smrcftont. 

Died.^  At  Leiceftcr,  Mr.  Lambert,  for- 
ncrly  keeper  of  the  county  Bridewell.  Sud- 
denly, Mrs.  Reynolds,  wife  of  Mr.  Reynold«« 
iilver^Buth.  Mr.  Lofeby,  heel-naaker.  Mri. 
Wright,  of  the  Marquii  of  Craoby.  Mrs. 
Faiicotc,  of  the  Black  Swan  ioo. 

At  the  fannc  place,  after  a  very  affli^ling 
illncrs»  Mifs  A.  F.  Coleman,  youngeft  daugh- 
ter of  the  Ute  Henry  Coleman,  £f^.  She  was 
a  lovely,  amiable,  and  highly  accompliihed 
young  lady,  and  fcarcely  had  the  morning  q{ 
kcT  life  begun  to  dawn,  before  death  dcpVived 
focicty  of  one  of  its  brightcft  ornaments,  and 
her  connexions  of  an  afie^lIonAte  relation  and 
a  (iacere  friend. 

At  Barrow  upon  Soar,  aged  69,  Mr.  T. 
Beaumont.  His  Idfn  is  defervedly  regretted 
by  a  numerous  circle  of  friends  and  ac^iuiAt- 
anciu 

STArroRnsHiR£. 

Matrttd.'l  At  Wolverhampton,  lleute- 
aant  Richard  Chapmin,  of  the  ^Sth  regiment 
of  foot,  to  Mifs  Bond,  only  daughter  of  Mr. 
William  Bond. 

At  the  Pottery,  John  Cunon,  ^ed  14, 
to  Mifs  Brammer,  aged  13.  The  bride  car- 
ried to  church  a  prominent  evidence  of  her 
womanhood. 

Died.]  At  Stafford,  Mr.  Jofeph  GrilRn, 
ferjcunta^^mace. 

At  Litch6eld,  Mr.  Samuel  Harriibn,  one 
of  the  aldermen  of  that  city. 

Mrs.  Martha  Cary,  wife  of  William  Cary, 
gent,  of  Cannock.  Her  great  virtues  and 
auiiable  nunners  reader  her  lofs  deeply  re- 
gretted. 

At  Alderfley,  near  Wolverhampton,  after 
a  very  affliOing  and  long  lllnefs,  Mrs.  How-* 
ard,^  wi#c  of  Corbet  Howard,  efq.  late  of 
Whitchurch,  Shrop/hlrc,  and  youngeft 
daughter  of  the  late  Mr.  Mooic,  of  Wrottef- 
ley-park. 

At  Tettenhall,  Mrs.  HoUyoake,  widow 
of  the  late  F.  HoUyc^e,  efq. 

At  Swanmere,  near  Hizpn,  aged  54.  Mr. 
Benjamin  Bond,  farmer. 

At  Dunfton,  near  S.ufford,  Mr.  R.  Merry^ 

.WARV^ICXf  Hl.RZ. 

Marrkd-I  Ajt  Jirjnir^gham,  Mr.  Henry 
Dale,  merchant,  o£  Ha.Tjburgh,  to  Mifs 
Macfden,  tf  -iCiiUkftoAC  Bath,  DerbyihiVe. 
Mr.  W.  Shore,  to  Mifs  Sufannah  Biuiincr. 
Mr.  James  Upton,  to  Mrs.  Thompfon.  Mr. 
JohnGricil,  aged  10,  to  Mifs  M.  Swindler, 
aged  45.  Mr.  Jofepk  Duttoa,  to  Mifs  Barns. 
Mr.  James  Hepiiaftall,  to  Mifs  Coney,  of 
iondooi  Mr.  Downcs,  drawing-mafter,  to 
Mifs  Bull,  of  Smethwkk.  Ms.  O,  S.  Why- 
ley,  chj^miii,  of  Pritand,  to  Mifs  E.  Bower, 
A'  Birmingkun.  Mr.  Hickman^  to  Mrs. 
Hcalcy. 

At  Coventry,  ^f r.  Macscad,  to  Mifs  Bol- 
Uii  of  lUddermlnfter. 


At  Drayton  Bafrett,*Mr.  WiHbm  Smith, 
jun.  of  Hints,  to  Mifs  Maria  Smith,  only 
daughter  of  Mr.  James  Smith,  an  cmineot 
armcr,  of  Bangley,  in  Stafford  (hire. 

lHed.1  At  Warwick,  in  his  74th  yew, 
Mr.  John  Weale,  an  eminent  burgeon  aai 
apothecary. 

At  Coventry,  Mr.  Toonc 

At  WiUington,  after  a  long  and  fcTese 
lllnefs,  Mr.  Gaftrell  Snow. 

In  a  very  advanced  age,  Sir  Theophilnt 
Biddulph,  biart.  of  Birdingbury. 

At  Stourport,  Joleph  Hecliy,  cfq.  msny 
Xears  a  captain  in  the  Warwickfliirc  militia. 

At  Hagley  Row,  Mrs.  Cambden,  widow  of 
Mr.  Cambden,  formerly  of  the  Caftle  Tavcni» 
in  Birmingham. 

Aged  84,  Mrs.  Hincks,  of  WcUenhaM.* 

At  Little  Sutton^agedSo,  Mrs.  Eliaabetfi 
Wilfon;  and  a  few  days  after,  aged  77,  Mr. 
William  Wilfon,  herhuiband.  This  patri- 
archal  couple  had  lived  together  in  uninter- 
rupted harmonv  upwards  of  50  years. 

At  Birmingham,  Mr.  Thomas  May,  manf 
years  beadle  of  St.  Paul's  chapcL  After  a 
ihort,  but  very  fevere  lllnefs,  Mrs.  Robin- 
fon.  In  his  75th  year,  Mr.  Matthew  Kit- 
chin.  Mr.  Thomas  Cooper,  cabinct-makac 
Mn.  Williams.     Aged  71,  Mrs.  PaUett. 

AtBarrowden,  aged  64,  Mrs.  Chamberlaia* 

At  Wing,  Mrs.  Embroy. 

At  Empingham,  aged  97,  Mfs.  Brewftei;. 

tINCdt.NSHIRE. 

'Married.^  At  Stamford,  Mr.  Vdnnc- 
mere,  to  Mrs.  Tomlin,  of  King's  Cliffc.  ' 

At  Bofton,  Mr.  Plummer,  of  Newark, 
to  Mifs  StcUing,  of  the  former  place. 

Sir  John  TroUope,  bart.  of  Cafwick,  near 
Stamford,  to  Mifs  Thorold,  of  Lincoln. 

Mr.  Chriftopher  Taylor,  of  Retton,  to 
Mifs  Kjmes,  of  Holbcach. 

After  an  uninterrupted  coortfhip  of  frveral 
years,  Mr.  Benfon,  of  Halton,  aged  62,  to 
*Mifs  Winn,  of  Eaftby,  aged  30. 
'  Died,]  .At  Lincoln,  Mr.  Edward  WUfoh, 
miller.  Mrs.  Hooker,  of  the  Rein  Deer 
public-houCe. 

At  Stamford,  Mn.Aftren.  Mrs.H£nfoii. 
'  At  Boilon,  aged  8a,  Mrs.  Ayre.  John 
Robinfon ,  many  years  driver  of  the  mutl- 
coach  from  Bofton  to  London.  Age.4  7^» 
f/ln,  Stevens. 

Ac  Grantham,  Mrs.  Cartier, 

At  Braceborough,  near  StamfQjj^  tgei 
7$,  Mr.  Thomas  Green,  farmer.    Wj 

At  Weft  Deeping,  Mr,  Barber.     7 

At  Bourn,  age4  76,  Mr.  Charles  Watts, 
watch-malcer. 

At  Whaplode,  Mr.  Abraham  Con^reve, 
an  opulent  grazier. 

Mifs  Carrington,  of  King's  CUffe. 

At  Weft  Keal,  after  a  lingering  ilJneO, 
Mifs  Jane  Boniver,  only  daughter  of  Mr/ 
Robert  Bonner;  miller. 

At  Harrington,  Mrs.  Robinfon, 

At  Louth}  aged  86,  Edward  Bcnret^ 
gent. 

At 


.  lFarvtttJ^4^.Jhr^i/bit9,..JitP^if^e. 


3H 


At  IteaOy  oetr  TtwhuOudf  Mn.8tt]itiMi. 

WORCKITlfttHXEK. 

Mr.  Rjchard  S«u(hally  jua.  of  Dndley, 
to  MHt  B.  Hodgfon. 

Dted,!  At  Worceftecy  ia  her  s6th  year, 
Mrs.  JohofoB.  Mrs.  Uarrifon.  MKs  Mary 
PritcCctt.  Mifs  Ann  Wall,  daugbur  of 
Colonel  Wall.  Sodikiily*  at  her  daughter*i 
liouft»  Mrs.  Smithy  widow  of  the  late  Mr. 
Smith,  foap-boUer.  likewife,  fuddenly,  at 
the  Ty thing,  near  tlus,  city,  in  his  77th 
year,  Capaia  Gardner  Bulftrode,  of  the  ump- 
xtnes.  Suddenly^  Mr.  Pnten,  farmer  of  the 
poft-horfe  duties  for  this  diftrift. 

At  Hallow  Park,  Thomas  Berwick,  efq. 
Ute  of  Fnmpton  mt>on  Sevens. 

Suddedly,  Mr.  Spencer,  pig  jobber,  near 
Mofeley  Wake  Green. 

At  WitJcy  Court,  Mn.  Mary  Matthews. 
She  lived  fucceflively  in  the  fcrvice  of  four 
Lord  Foleys. 

At  Tan  wood,  near-  Chaddelley,  Mr. 
Wilkes. 

At  Dudley,  after  a  fevcre  and  lingering 
illoe6,  Mifs  Payton. 

SRKorsHiai. 

Married.']  At  Shrewlbury,  Mr.  Yale,  of 
Prefton  Mootford,  to  Mr».  Richards,  of  the 

At  Ruyton  of  the  Eleven  Towns,  Mr. 
Barkea,  of  Whitchurch,  to  Mifs  Bafnett. 

MM.]  At  Shrewlbury,  in  his  84th  year, 
Mr.  John  Mitchell,  formerly  a  merchant  in 
very  extentive  buiinefi.  In  hi&  65th  year, 
Ifoac  Stephenfon,  ef^.  formerly  iteward  to 
the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  at  Holm  Lacy.  After 
a  painful  illnefs,  borne  with  exemplary  for- 
titude, Mrt»  Bright,  widow  of  the  late  Fulke 
Bright,  gent,  of  the  Endlcfs,  near  BiHiop's 
Caftle.  Mr.  Ravenhill,  daocing-mafter.  Mifs 
Jane  Walker,  fipcond  d^iughter  of  Mr.  John 
Walker,  mercer,  of  Kiln-lane.  Mr.  ^hil- 
lips. 

'  At  Ludlow,  aged  8z,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Ed- 
wards,  a  maiden  ladyl 

Mrs.  Painter,  of  Iflegate,  near  Shrewf- 
tury. 

..  At  Whitchurch,  of  an  iAflammation  in  his 
bowels,  Mr.  Edward  Jones,  furgcon  and 
apothecary.  He^poireiied  great  proteifional 
ikill,  and  his  private  chara^er  was  truly 
amiable.  After  a  ibort,  but  fevere  illnefs, 
Mifi  Burghall,  eldeft  daughter  of  Major 
Burghall. 

At  che  fame  place,  Mrs.  Allinfon,  aged 
73  i  and  a  few  days  after,  age  J  80,  Mr.  Tho- 
mas AlUnfon,  '  her  huiband.  Alfo,  Mrs. 
Newne. . 

At  Farley,  aged  87,  Mrs.  Reynolds,  wi- 
dow of  the  late  rev.  Mr.  Reynolds,  of  Tug-> 
ford.^      . 

HXKKrOKpfKUE. 

TheHerefordihire  and  Gloucefterfliin  eanal, 
from  Cloitcefter  to  Ledbury,  is  completed. 
The  opening,  of  this  navigation  took  place  00 
the  JOtk  of  March,  when  feveral  of  the  pro> 
prittors  and  geatlomea  of  the  comoittoe  eiy- 


baikoi  at  tl^e  >|f>aio0  1^  the  cod  \taA 
Bear  Newentj  in  the  firft  tefiel  hei^toi 
with    merchandize   confined    Co  LedbvV) 
which   was  followed  by  thite  others  bdea 
with  eoal,     The^.paflfed  through  the  ta&nel 
at  Oxeohall,  whfch  is  1191  yards  ialeagtlL, 
in  the  fpacc  of  5a  minutes,  and  werp  mtt  it 
the  extremity  by  feveral  gentlemen,  sod  ea- 
tertain^d  with  a  cold  collation  at  the  Boy:e) 
the  feat  of  Mr.  Mocczftipci,  oae  of  :be 
proprieton  of  the  valuable  coal  mines  rectntly 
opened  at  Oxehhall.     Both  ends  of  the  iuqp 
nel,  af  well  as  the  banks  of  the  canal,  ucre 
lined  with  fpo^ton,  who  hailed  the  boa^s 
with  reiterated  acclamations.     It  is  fnppoCtd' 
that  upwards  of  oooo  perfons  wete^prefestm 
their  arrival  at  Ledbory   (a  diftanceo^  about 
nine  miles),    which  they  reached  in  hA6 
'  hocr3.    A  dinner  wis  provided  on  the  occa- 
fion  at  the  George  inn,  where  the  greateil 
eonvivial^y  prevailed,  ;md  f«veral  appropriitt 
toafts  were  drank.     The  advantage^  v4iidi 
muft  refult  from  this  inland  nav}^tion  fo 
Ledbury  and  the  adjoining  country  ait-bic:!- 
cttlable.     In  the  article  of  dbal,   the  lub- 
bitants  of  this  diftrid  will  reap  an  imporu..: 
benefit  by  the  i/nme^iate '  reduction  it.  pji-^ 
of  at  Icaft  ten  IhUlin^per  ton.     Coals  ol  :he 
firft  quality  are  now  delivered  at  the  wtun 
clofe  td  Ledbary,  at  ip  6d.  whereas  che 
common  price  was  formerly  243.  pei*  t«i!. 

Afarritdi]      At    Hereford,    Mr.  Thoioii 
Kyrwood,  to  Mils  Wall. 
'     Died."]     At  Hereford,  at  the  advanced  age 
of  92,    Mrs.  Parry.      Mrs.  Wright.     Blf. 
Knapp,  maltfter. 

At  Little  Hope,  nezr  Hereford,  aged  70, 
Mrs.  Cole.  '         ' 

'At  Ledbury,  in  her  76th  year,  Mrs. Wood- 
yatr» 

At  Walford  Court,  after  a  very  llngcriag 
illnefs,  Mr.  John  Elton.  '  He  wa^a  gentU 
m-Ati  univerfally' beloved  and  refpeftcd. 
-   In  his  82d  yeA,  Mr.  Watkin  MadJy,  « 
the  Cwm,  in  the'pariih  of  Dorftoo. 

MolKMOVf  HSHIKX. 

Died.}  At  Monmouth,  in  liis  6ath  yor* 
of  a'moi^ificatloii  lA  tus  foot,  Mr.  Haifeid 
Jones.  ... 

At  Whitebrook>  near  Monmouth,  Mr 
Richard  Turner,  paper-maker.  ' 

.  At  Piereefield,  Mifs  Charlotte  Wood, 
younger  daughteft  of  Colonel  Wood. 

In  confe^uence  of  exeeffive  ghittoey, 
Emanuel  Ouzman,  of  Newport,  hair-iirefier. 
The  coroner*8  jury,  after  hmg  and  matare 
inveftigation,  returned  a  uttiHGt  ^ fib  di  fu 
and  bhe  remains  of  the  wretch  were  accord- 
in  gly  buried  in  the  public  road  near  the  fpQ( 
where  he  died« 

GL00(*ESTXX6Biaft. 

Jlfarrkd.1  At  Briftol,  Mr;  Charles  WIU 
liams,  of  Bath,  to  Mifs  Mafy  Aaa  We»e. 
Mr.  Robert  WiUlamt»  to  Mifs  Kift§.  Mr^ 
John  Jones,  to  Mifs  Sarah  Crob^  ef  ^ 
White.  Hart  i^o.  Mr«  WiUkitt  Lewis,  to 
Mifs  Cooper. 


gjifiri^-^I^rthm^Jisht^Bedfirifilre. 


m 


At  St^pleton,  ■  Lteut.  G»l.  Way^  vf  the 
Aoyil  Bocb,  or  King's  Ov<rn  militia,  to  Mift 
Mary  Sioyth,  youngeft  daugktcr  of  Thomas 
Smyth,  efq.  of  Staplcton  houfe. 

At  Wcffury,  near  Briftol,  Jamtss  Mack- 
intoA,  dq.'  barfi(h:r,  of  Lincolx^'s  inn,  tQ 
Mifs  AHoi,  daughter  of  John  Bartlett  AUci), 
tfq.  ofCrclTtslly,  in  PembTokc(htre. 

Ac  Which cotabc,  Mr.  Williams,  attonicy, 
to  Mifs  Sarah  Smith. 

At  WintcTboyrnc,  Samael  Shutc,  «fq.  of 
Frenduy,  Co  MiftRicketts,  of  London. 

Did]  At  the  Hot  Wells,  Bath,  Mifs 
Phippi,  In  his  T9th  year,  Sir  Anthony  Fitt- 
herbert,  bare,  of  Tiffihgton,  in  Derbyfhirc. 
Of  a  decline,  f^rs.  Blackley,  wife  of  Henry 
Blackley,  eiq.  his  majefty's  conful  for  Mi- 
T.orca,  Majorca  J  and  Yvica.' 

At  QrtftoI,'Mr.  Brown,  linen-draper,  and 
partner  in  thfe  houfc  of  Mcflrs.  Edwards, 
Brown  and  Edwards.  Mr.  Chabas,  fcncing- 
miihrr.  Aged'  75,  Mr.  Wheeler.  Mrs. 
H^pe.  Mifl  Lory  more,  habcrdafhcr.  Mr. 
Jimc9  Kcdward*,  an  officer  ^  ^he  cudonis  at 
t'jiis  port.  Mr.  Charles  Archibald  Sanders. 
IAt.  Gadd.  Mr.  Robert  TaylOr,  of  the  Ship 
and  Star,  Canon's  Marfh.  Mrs.  Shady. 
Cjptain  EUis,  of  the  Prince  William  Henry, 
hi  the  Cork  trade,  from  this  port.  Mrs, 
Win'te.  Mrs.  Griffiths.  Mr.  Thomas  Mcn- 
gri)ve,  attorney.  In  the  Lower  College 
Green.  Thomas  Rothlcy,  cfq. 
At  Glouceiicf,  Mr.  Abraham  Rudhall. 
At  Av^ning,  aged  S6,  Mrs.  M.  Clatter- 
buck,  mier  to  the  late  Lewis  Clutterbuck, 
efq.  of  Wdldcombc  houfc,  near  Bath. 

The  Rev  Mr.  Parry,  of  Honcycombe, 
redorof  Tlbbcrton,Worceftcrfliirc,  and  vicar 
of  Boding,  in  Kent. 

At  Bcdminftcr,  Mrs.  Morgan. 

oxroRD. 
Marritd,'^  At  Oxford,  the  rev.  Robert 
Wintlc,  ftuJent  of  Chrift  church,  to  Mift 
Morrtll,  daughter  of  James  Morrell,  efq. 
'  DiW.j  AC  Oxford,  fiidJcnly,  whilft  fit- 
tinj  in  her  chair  after  fupper,Mrs.  Robii^.i'm. 
After  a  ihort  Ulnefs,  aged  45,  Mr.  John  Will- 
mot,  mafter  of  theCrofsinn. 

Ac  the  fame  place,  after  a  long  and  fevere 
{Hnefs,  and  ih  his  '26th  year,  Mr.  Cullcn, 
djT.cing-marter. 

At  WooWercott,  near  Oxford,  after  an 
iJ]^cf5  of  1  few  days, 'in  hts  5Sth  year,  Mr. 
Vincent  Ball,  a  farmer  of  great  rcfpeCtability. 
At  Shipfton-upon-Sorer,  Mr.  Hodgkin,  a 
young  man  of  extcnfive  learning,  and  a  very 
an:\l.iblc  dlfpdfition. 

At  Banbury,  Mrs.  Lambert,  fen.  mother 
oftht  tt^:  John  Lambert,  A.  M. 

NORTH  AMP  TONS  HlREk 

Afarried.  ]  Al  Peterborough,  Mr.WilfoB, 
fiiveYiJnith,  to  Mifs  3>nith.  Mr.  James 
Gates,  to  Mifs  DitUngham.  Mr.  Currey,  of 
I  he  Oxford  Blues,  toMn*  Dechenner,  of  the 
r^f  h^  irui.    • 

Mr.  Psitchard,  fadler,  of  Peterborough, 
;o  Mir^  Bingham. 


I>ied,'\     At  Korthamptort,  Mr.JbhnSblC| 

keeper ,^f  the  toyfn  gaQ>. 

At  Oundle,'  aged  04,  Mrs.  Mouldy '^hft 
of  Mr.  Moujd,  furgcon.  ^ 

Mifa  Carrington,  of  King's  Ciiflfe.  . 

At  Rugby,  j|ged  ai,  Mifs  Mary  Bettef 
Chapman  f 

At  Cranflfiy,  }dik  Mary  Anne  Anderfonj 
youngeft  daughter  of  the  rev.  Qeorge  Anderl 
fon,  iricar  of  that  pariOi.  ' 

At  Milton,  near  Northampton,  the  re«I 
M.  Montgomery. 

AtKiHins^ury,  near  Nwthampton,  Mn. 
Jcphcott,  wife  of  the  rev.  Joh^i  Jcphcott.      t 

Thomas  Taylor,  a  lad  between  tl  and  Jt 
years  of  age,  and  fcrrant  to  Mi*.  WHliaa 
Dodfon,  jun.  baker, at  Peterborough,  hanfied 
himfclf  accidtntally  in  hi^  matter's  mitU 
chamber,  by  wantonly  putting  the  ruKitt  oi 
a  rope  round  his  neck,  and  giving  hiicfelf  a 
fudden  check,  which  .<i«ufed  his  immcdtate 
death. 

BUCKTSGH  AM  SHIRK. 

DtW.J  At  Stoncy  StratlNord,  Mrs.  Pearce, 
widow  oif  the  late  Nathaniel  Pc^rce,  efi[.  of 
Chapel  Bronipton,  nrar. Northampton. 

At  High  Wycombe,  Thoqus  ShrimptO!!, 
efq. 

At  Whitchurch,  fuddenly,  Mn.  Mary 
Baldwin. 

BF.PFOROSHIRX. 

Difd.]  At  Bedford,  after  a  very  affliftinf 
illnefs,  R'.s-lurd  Lo^'cley,  cfq.  forrnerly  aa 
eminent  attorney,  in  thl5  town.  His  private 
virtues  andprofcfiion4  abiUtics  endeared  him 
to  a  nuraerua!.  acquaintance,  by  whom  hja 
lofs  is  fincctcly  regretted. 

At  Steppiriglcy,    Mrs.  Parker,  widow  of  , 
the  late  John  P.iTkcr,  efq. 

At  Stagfdcn,  in  confequence  of  a  violeat 
kick  from  a  horfc,  which  he  was  endeavour- 
ing to  catch  for  the  purpofe  of  fetching  a 
midwife  to  the  aflillance  of  his  wife,  Johi 
Bird,  a  labourer  in  hufbandry.  The  poormaa 
laaguiihcd  in  great  agony  till  the  evening  of 
the  next  day. 

CAMBRIDGK. 

The  long  litigated  caufe  bctweep  this  -onl-i 
vcrfity  and  the  occupiers  of  the  Dkiwning 
eftate,  of  which  the  latter  have  had  roffeffioQ 
upwards  of  50  yean,  h  finally  determined  in 
favour  of  the  univcrfity.  The  lord  chancel- 
lor has  accordingly  ordered  a  recfctver  for  the 
univcrfity  to  be  appointed  immediately.  The 
arrears  of  the  cftate  will  be  more  than  fuffi-4 
citnt  to  cie€l  the  new  college,  which  is  to  be 
founded,  puriuant  to  the  will  of  Sir  Tacrh 
DjA-ning,  under  the  title  of  Downing  colle;;r. 

Marrie^i.']  At  Cambridge,  thi  rev.  Dr. 
Cory,  Mafter  of  Emanuel  college  and  Vlte- 
chanccUor  of  the  univerfity,  to  Mifs  Antl 
Apthorp,  third  diidghtcr  of  tWc  rev.  Dr.  Ap- 
thorp.  Prrb(*nJary  of  Finftury. 

Mr.  Jimes  Cuftance,  ofSutton;  ittthellle 
of  Ely,  to  Mifs  Dobede,  of  Soham. 

Mr.  George  Remington,  of  Haddchhamv 
Hkewlfe  In  th^  Ifle  of  Ely,-  id'  Mifa  Simon ts , 
of  W'u^haiD,  near  Ely.  At 


8i6 


N$rfoni...Xi^k....Herefordfi):ri....KinU 


At  Scrci«tMi,  ntir  Binghma,  Mr.  Emnxtti 

•  wealthy  liMnncr  of  TbprBey»  to  Mift  Ann 
flampcy,  of  the  iouaer  pUot. 

Dkd.^  At  Cambridge,.  Mr«.  BUckminy 
aged  56.  Mr.  Clement  Knell,  cooper,  and 
imsverfity  guager.  His  ftnft  probity  ren- 
dered him  greatly  refpeded.  At  the  advanced 
|igc  of  91,  Mn.  Johnibsu  After  a  lingering 
illneit,  Mr.  Smith. 

At  Bingham,  aged  36,  Hr.Thomas  Wright, 
frnner. 

AtHomingCBy,  in  her  6id  yfar,Mrs.Gniin. 

AtWillingham,  Mr.  John  Olboro,  a  re- 
fpc£bible  farmisr. 

»'At  Mlldenhall,  Mrt.  EUaabcth  Rnfii- 
Itfooke,  filler  of  the  late  Braham  RuiKbroolcc, 
'cfq.  Alfo  Mif«  Mary  Andrews.  Aced  03, 
Mn.  Ewell. 

Mn.  Lee,  of  UpwelK 

At  Spalding,  Mn.  Gartoo. 
I    At  Newmarket,  aged  36,   Mr*.  IHlbrook. 

At  Walfoken,  near  WilbCaCh,  Mr.  Henry 
Long. 

iroaroLK. 

B/UrriidJ]  At  Norwich,  Mr.  William 
TheohalJ,  "n  Mlfs  Newfon. 

At  Bclaught  Mr.  Rob.  Archer,  to  Mtfs 
F.  Dewing. 

Mr.* George  England,  of  Htndringham,  to 
Mifs  Mary  Buck,  of  Morfton. 

Mr.  Cozens,  farmer,  of  North  Tuddenham, 
to  Mifs  Petchell,  of  MattifiiAli. 

At  Weft  Dereham,  Mr.  John  Large,  ^n 
<opulent  farmer  and  graeier,  of  St.  Mary's 
Hall,  in  Marihland,  to  Mifs  Sarah  Oldman, 
of  the  former  pUee. 

J>iidA  At  Lynn,  Mn.  Cnifoe.  Mifs 
Hogg. 

At  Norwich,  aged  7$,  Mn,  Cremer,  wi- 
dow of  the  late  Rev.  Mr.  Cremer,  formerly 
vicar  of  Wyroondham.  Aged  38,  Mr.  Wm. 
Twiddy,  formerly  of  the  theatre  in  this  city. 
|b  a  very  advanced  age,  Mrs.  Anne  L*£ftrange, 
^ughter  of  the  bte  AamonL*£llrangc,  efq. 
This  lady  was  the  lad  of  the  ancient  and  ho- 
nouriible  houfc  of  Hunftanton,  who  bore  the 
name  of  L'Eftran|e.  Aged  6x,  Mrs.  Anne 
Brett.. Suddenly,  in  a  fit  of  apoplexy,  aged 
59,  Mn.  Sharpe.  Aged  aa,  Mr.  Robert 
lUamroch,  jun. 

At  .yTynondham,  Mr.  Samuet  Stoughton, 
youngeft  fon  of  Peter  Stoughton,  geiit. 
Aged  X^,  Mr.  John  Goggle,  wheelwright. 

Mr.  O^meys,  late  a  forgeon  at  Yoxlord, 
^t  who  had  retired  from  bufinefs .    - 

At  Yarmouth,  aged  75,  Mn.  I^acon. 

At  Hilgay,  Mr.  Powen. 

At  Stockton,  in  confec^uence  of  a  fall  dQwn , 
^in,  Mn.Bond. 

At  Quathorpe,  Mn.  Collyer,  wife  «f 
the  rev.  Charles  Collyer. 

•  JiX  Kirby,  after  a  ihort  lUoefs,  Mn. Evans. 

svrroLX. 

Mtnkd'2  At  Ipfwich,  Nicholas  linnet, 
M.  D.  of  Uavcntry,  to  Mifs  Lewis,  of  the 
former  place. 

At  Safiiron  WaMen,  Mr.  Thomas  Smith, 
to  Mifs  Mary  BowuU,  ^f  Avdley  End. 


Mr.  Zebedec  Tldeman,  of  Stonhas,  to 
Mifs  Bcnry,  organift  of  FramUagham. 

Died.]  At  Ipfwich,  aged  39, .  Mrs.  Cow. 
ing,  wife  of  Mr.  Lionel  Gowing,  merchant. 
At  an  advanced  age,  Mn.  Tydenaa,  iridov 
of  the  bte  Commodore  Tydeman,  who  iw 
unfortunately  drowned  on  going  afhore  afiec 
the  furrender  of  the  Manillas. 

At  Bury,  in  his  6Sth  y^ar,  Mr.  Henry 
Leech  }  and  not  many  days  after,  Mn.  I<ttcK, 
his  wife,  aged  66.  Mn.  Andcifon,  of  the 
Angel  inn.  Mr.  Robert  Scott,  keeper  of  tlie 
gaol  in  the  liberty  of  Bury  St.  Edmonds.  He 
acquitted  himfelf  in  his  office  with  ^reat  hn- 
manity  towards  the  unfortunate  prifoaeri 
entrufted  tp  his  care.     Mr,  Teague,  fen. 

At  Becdes,  in  his  57th  year,  Mr.  Afley, 
furgeon.     Aged  S6,  Mrs.  Reynolds. 

At  Bcighton,  aged  85,  Mi'.  Rob.  Mldfoo, 
farmer. 

At  Fornham  St.  Martin,  Mn.  Mower. 

At  Hawftead,  near  Bury,  aged  67,  Mr. 
Robert  Biglby. 

Air  Woodbridgc,  Mr.  'Nyilliam  Goodwyn, 
attorney. 

juairoKOeHiKt. 

MarneJ.]  The  rev.  John  Keet,  of  Hat- 
field, to  Mifs  Grawlcy,  of  Stotkwood,  Bc4- 
fordfliire. 

Died.]     At  Rickmanfworfhj  ya  his  75th 
year,  John  Harfons,  efq. 
issszx. 

Marncd.]  At  Chcl'msfofd,  Mr.  Gro(c 
0>-crall,  to  Mn.  Sarah  Boorey« 

Charles  Smith,  efq.  of  Sutton,  M.  P.  ^' 
Salta/h,  to  Mifs  Augufta  Smith,  daughter  of 
}oihua  Smith,  e{q.  of  Stoke  Parky  in  Wilt? 
(hire,  and  M.  P.  for  Devizes. 

At  Barking,  Mr.  John  Price,  jun.  of 
Millbank-itreet,  Weftminfler,  toMifiSanh 
Will*. 

Mr.  William  Going,  farmer,  of  Soutk 
End,  to  Mrfs  Midler,  of  Nortti  ^ortbury. 

At  M.4lJon,  Mr.  James  Barritt,  to  Mifi 
Mary  Ererard. 

At  Writtlc,  Mr.  Hllliard,  mafter  of  the 
academy  in  that  town^  to  Mifs  Charlotte 
King. 

At  Dagenham,  Mr.  Vcvers,  mafter  of  the 
Whalebone  houfe  academy,  near  Romfocd^to 
Mifs  Purdue,  govemefs  of  the  Ladies*  boari- 
ing  fchool  in  Roipford. 

At  Pedham>  Mr.  John  Swinbome,  to 
Mifs  Lambert,  of  Blam^cr's  hall,  near  Great 
Punmbw. 

Dkd,]  At  Chplmiford,  Ueiit.  ThomJj 
Parker,  adjutant  of  the  AyHhire  Fcadblt 
cavalry,  V  quartered  in  that  to#n,  Mrs.  Live* 
more.     Aged  S6,  Mn.M^ce. 

At  Colchefter,  after  a  very  afflSauigiUneit, 
Mrs.  Mary  Great. 

AtPnttlewell,  thever.  Thamas  RuffbeaJ, 
curate  of  that  place,  and  fon  of  the  late  Mr. 
Ruif  head,  compiler  of  the  folio  edition  of 
.  the  ftattttes  %t  Urge. 

At  Panb«jry>  after  a  ihort  ux&fpofitioo  of 
fcarce  an  hoiir9.Mx.  BacDn»  of  tte  Qri^ 
public  houfe. 


K€nt,:..Surrey,.^SttJfkx. 


fif 


Mr.  Williun  Grubb,  formerly  an  opulent 
farmer  of  LcxdCD. 

At  Wrinle,  Mr.  Nathaniel  Barlow,  an 
emuicot  au^oneer  of  Cokheftcr. 

At  Maldooy  Mrs.  Maiden.  Mr.  John 
White,  colledor  of  the  cuftomt. 

A^ed  60,  Mrs.  A.  Barker,  of  Thorpe. 

At  Brandefton,  Mrs.  Scott,  wife  of  Captain 
Scotc,  of  the  Loyal  EfTex  Fencibles. 

fAr.  Hoodie,  furgeon,  of  Chipping  Ongar. 

As  Lieut.  Cooper,  of  the  artillery,  at  Col- 
chefter  barracks,  with  a  ferjeaot,  and  fire 
privates,  of  ihe  Ealt  EHex  militia,  were  fail- 
ing fnm  Harwich  to  Landguard  fort,  the 
boat  overfet,  by  which  unfortunate  accident 
chat  valuable  o&er,  three  privates,  and  the 
waterman,  were  droWned. 

At  Hcmpllcd,  Mr.  Charles  Cock. 

At  Rocki'ord,  aged  iS,  Mifs  Mary  Ana 
Davis. 

At  Chignell  St.  James's,  Mrs.  Cruih. 

KENT. 

•Married.1  At  Canterbury,  Mr.  Spratr, 
to  Mifs  Sarah  Loop. 

At  Deal,  Mr.  K.  Covili,  pilot,  to  Mifs 
Taylor.  Mr.  Charles  Holbrook,  to  Mifs 
Rickman,  of  Walnaer.  Mr.  Richard  Hay- 
man,  Jan.  to  Mifs  Morris. 

At  Faveriham,  Mr.  F.  Wilks,  of  Prefton, 
CO  Mil's  Mary  Ann  Pratt,  of  the  former 
place. 

At  Sandwich,    Mr.   Williani  Smith,    to 
Mrs.  Gardener,  of  the  Mermaid  publlc-houfe. 
Ac    WUlelborottgh,  Mr.  Thomas  Barber, 
CO  Mifs  Mary  Head,  of  Aihford. 

Ac  Folkeftone,  Mr.  John  Major,  to  Mifs 
Browning. 

At  Dymchurchy  Mr.  Nathaniel  Hunt,  to 
Mifs  Joy. 

At  Holy  Ctols,  Weftgate,  Mr.  Richard 
Wllfon,  to  Mifs  Eliaabeth  Woggo. 

Robert  Miles,  efq.  of  Vanburgh  Fields, 
Blackheach,  to  Mifs  Madox,  only  daughter 
ot  Erafnaus  Madox,  efq.  of  the  Phosnix  Brew- 
houfe,  Southwark. 

At  Molaih,  Mr.  J.  VIdean,  to  Mifs  Bur- 
con,  of  Badlcfmere. 

Ac  Merihain,  Mr.  John  Leeds,  to  Mrs. 
Durrnah. 

Dfe^.]  At  Canterbury,  in  a  very  ad- 
vanced age,  Mr.  Jaxnes  Hiett.  He  has  left 
the  balk  ci  a  very  considerable  property  to 
I1.S  relatioos ;  many  of  whom  are  in  indigent 
cjrcumftances.  The  remainder  he  bequeathed 
to  charitable  pur|tofes,  leaving,  among  other 
legacies,  lool.  to  the  Kent  jUki  Canterbury 
hofpical  I  and  300I.  in  truft  to  the  mayor  of 
chii  Cicy»  for  the  time  being,  and  four  eldeft 
aldermen,  Co  purchafe  great  coats  annually, 
for  aged  and  infiimmen. 

Ac  the  fame  place,  fuddenly,  after  fpend- 
ing  a  cheerful  evening  with  hti  friends,  M**. 
WilUanx  Wallace,  commander  of  a  revenue 
veAel  in  this  port. 

At  Woolwich,  Major-Oenesal  Phipps,  of 
the  royal  engineers.  Mrs«  Hollo A'ay,  wife 
of  Capeaisk  Holloway,  of  tht  Cune  corp% 
aad  daughter  of  Sir  WUlUm  Green,  bart. 


In  the  ifle  of  Thanet»  aged  ti»  McC  See- 
phen  Jeflard. 

At  Folkeflone,  aged-Sa,  Mn.  Major. 

AtEythorne,  Mrs.BorwelL 

At  Heme,  after  a  fliort  illoefs,  Mrs.  Cott* 
gate. 

At  Whitftable,  Mr.  Richard  Howard, 
rope-maker.  Aged  56,  Mr.  John  Barton.  In 
his  3zft  year,'  Mr.  Wood,  furgeon  and  man* 
midwife. 

At  Wingham,  in  his  aid  year,  James  San- 
ders, only  fon  of  Mr.  Peter  Sandets. 

At  Patrix(bo«rne,  of  a  deeline,  aged  13, 
Alifs  Letitia  Abbot. . 

At  Afli,  near  Sandwich,  Mr.  John  Carlin|^. 

In  the  pariih  of  Northflect,  Lance  Tad<* 
man,  efq. 

Aged  14,  Mrs.  Coleman,  wife  of  Mr.  Wm» 
Coleman,  and  governefs  of  the  ladies  board- 
ing.fchool,  at  St.  Faith*s-houfe,  near  Maid- 
ftone. 

At  FaverHiam,  in  confequence  of  the  bnrft- 
ing  of  a  blood- veflcl,  Mrs.  Lincefield,  wife 
of  Captain  Lancefield. 

At  Maidftone,  after  a'ihort  illnefs,  Mr. 
George  Weft,  mafter  of  the  Mitre  tavern 
and  coflfee-houfe,  and  a  jurat  of  the  corpora- 
tioo.-  Mrs.  Ruck,  aged  75.  Mn.  Milner^ 
a  oiaiden  lady,  and  eldeft  lifter  of  the  lau  Dr. 
Miliier. 

At  Chatham,  fuddenly,  in  a  very  advanced 
age,  J.  Hamilton,  efq.  clerk  of  the  fvrveyor 
of  the  dock-yard  at  this  place.  Mr.  Thomaft 
Johnfon.  Mr.  Jofcph  Pattitt,  one  of  the 
pruprietors  of  the  Chatham  coaches. 

At  Dover,  Mrs,  Pepper. 

At  Rochefter,  Mrs.  Iriih/  fen.  Mrs.  Dur- 
ham. 

SUSSEX. 

Marritd.]  At  Charley,  Captain  Dottin, 
the  2d  regiment  of  life-guards,  to  Mils  Jones. 
^  At  Ticehurft,  the  rev.  Mr.  Rerftemao,  to 
Mrs.  May,  widow  of  Mr.  Thomas  May. 

Died.1  At  Lewes,  Mrs.  Lane,  widow  of 
the  late  Thomas  Lane,  M.  D. 

At  Battle,-  at  his  new  lodgings,  which  he 
had  occupied  only  one  week,  at  the  very  ex- 
traordinary age  of  1x7  years,  Mr.  Ingleby, 

At  Moresfield,  Mrs.  Rivctt,  wife  of  the* 
rev.  Thomas  Rivett,  reftor  of  that  place. 
BxaKsmaK. 

DieJ.]  At  Reading,  Mifs  Drewett. 
Aged  Sa,  Mr.  Davenport.  In  his  9Sthyear, 
Abraham  Greenwood,  He  had  be«i  an  oftt- 
penlioner  of  CheUea  hofpital  finoe  the  year 

»755* 

Suddenly,  at  Burgefs  fam),  near  Vu^ 
bourn,  aged  70,  in  the  prefenee  of  his  work* 
men,  Mr.  Edmund  Seymour,  oflnholmes. 

At  Windfor,  Mrs.  Iflierwood. 

At  Hurly,  by  a  fall  from  his  horfe,  la 
cmfequence  of  the. breaking  of  one  of  his 
ftirrups,  Mr.  Richard  Loe.  He'farvived  th9 
accident  only  a  few  hours. 

Mrs.  Webb,  wife  of  Mr.  J.  Webb,  of  BftBi^ 
ih:af  farm. 

M  WalUaf fofd,  Bkhui  Hvntcf^  ef^ .  « 

jolkiec 


JlS        •    RampJhire.,.Wilffiirt.,^b9rfHfiiiH.:..tmK^ 


JMAke  ofth^  pe«€  fcrr  the  <:o«fity  of  Bcrfer, 

and  fenlor  .ddcrmjii  of  t^  r.  b  jicj^Ik 

At  ilie  Cim«  f  1k€,  by  a  taU  from  hitliorftf 

mhich  diOf>C4tcd  bis  neck,  Mr.  Bnrt,  sarrkr. 
In  liifl  70th  year,  Mr.  TuU^  of  Southriige, 

in  the  pariili  of  Streatley. 

■  AMrsNItC. 

Maritd.1  At  Winchetler,  Mr.  Wri^bti 
wfablefale  line  Draper,  to  Mtfs  l^ointer, 
^ughter  of  Mr.   Pointer^   nultfter,   in  the 

At  Hoand  churcliy  sear  Southam^teny 
Jtifeph  Sydocy  Yorkc|  efq.  M.  P.  capuin 
•f  the  Stigy  and  brother  to  the  cad  of  Hard- 
^kkf  to  Mifs  Rattray,  daughter  of  Jjmes 
Ratcray,  ef<j.  of  Artl>cr<^«nc,  Perthlhire. 

AtPrefton  Candovcr,  George  Puref<r\'  Jcr- 
Wife,  cfq.  of  Herrari,  near  Ba€ng(^oko,  to 
Mif»  Hill,  daughter  of  Thomas  Hall,  efq. 
«ft  the  fomer  ^lace. 

Edward  Ifaac,  efq.  of  Brookhcath,  toMiff 
Witeri. 

VkJ."}  At  Netley»  near  Soutliampton> 
to  which  place  (he  was  recommended  for  the 
kcaeficof  the  fea  brtetc,  being  of  j  confump- 
tive  habit,  Mifs  Emmett,  of  En  glefi  eld -green, 
scarEgham,  a^cdsi. 

At  Winchcftcr,  Mlfs  M.  Laventhorp. 

AtSilcheAer,  Mrt.  HoHing. 

At  Vately,  aged  76,  Jofeph  Edgar,  efq. 
late  of  Weymouth. 

At  Rownham^houfe,  nearRomfey,  tn  his 
90tkyear,  Robert- Bafton,  efq. 

WILT«:Hf«l. 

MMrritJ,}  At  Sr.lilhury,  Mr.  Edward  Joy, 
jnn.  to  MiU  Catherine  Newman,  of  Chrift- 
chntch. 

At  FiAetton,  near  Salinyiuy,  Mr.  G. 
Kerley,  of  WUton,  to  Mifi  A.  White,  of 
Weftbury. 

George  South,  efq.  of  Donhead,  to  Mlfs 
Viocc,  daugbcer  of  Colonel  Vince,  o(  £jft 
Lavington. 

Did.]  At  Salifbury,  m  her  S4th  year, 
Mrs.  Bui  bridge.  Mr.  George  Lambourne^ 
minter  and  glaiier.     Aged  85,   Mr.  John 

At  the  college,  in  the  Clofe,  in  her  69th 
jUTp  Mrs.  Mathews,  widow  of  the  late  rev. 
—  Matthews,  ei  Fiflirrton. 

At  Devices,  in  her  19th  year,  after  a  long 
aadfikYere  Ulnefs,  Mifk  Ann  Barley,  youngeft 
dat^Khtcr  of  the  late  Mr.  Edward  Bayley. 

At  Maflboroogh,  Mrs.  Hope,  wife  of 
Mf.  Hop^,  forgeon. 

At  RimlbuT) ,  Mr.  Blackoian,  an  eminent 
faHion  and  apothecary. 

At  Burbage,  the  rev.  Henry  Tenner,  A.M. 
redor  of  Rochamptooi  Gloucefterihirc,  vicar 
of  Great  ficdwin,  and  chaplain  to  the  earl  of 
Ayidhvry, 

After  a  ihort  iUnefi ,  Mrs.  BiAop,  of  the 
GsMo  Dragon  iaa«  Bar^ord. 

At  LucJdntton,  in  her  S^th  year,  Mn. 
Flichefben,  relift  of  the  late  Fownet  Fiti- 
Herbert,  efq. 

^oatsTtmoB. 

Mmrhd.J     At  Bvrcoo,   in  tlik  Goaaty» 


Peter  PaiB«Il»  efq.  of  TedvU»  to  Mifs  Aim 
Hansford,  fccood  daaxUter  ofCapuun  Ha&» 
£9id,  df  the  navy. 

Mr  Risen;  of  DonKead  St.  Mary,  Wilt- 
ftire,  to  Mifs  Matthewa,  of  OilUngfaam. 

Dud.}  At  Dordicter,  oh  the  yith  of 
March,  greatly  regretted  by  a  nnmesoos  k- 
qnainfanctf,  and  parttcnlarly .  by  the  poor,  to 
whom  ihe  was  a  liberal  benefadre&j  Mrs. 
Hawkins,  wite  of  the  rev.  James  FemiaU 
Hawkins,  vicur  of  BucJdiom  Wefton. 
aoMsascTsaiat. 
Marr^,]  At  Bathwick,  Mr.  Thomai 
Wilfon,  merchant,  of  London,  to  Miis  Horn- 
fray,  daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Homfiay,  of 
Scourton,  in  StalTordihire^  Mr.  Franklin,  t« 
Mifs  Belinda  Bock. 

At  Bath,  Mr.  Daniel  Powney»  to  Mrs. 
Maftcrs.  Sir  Richard  Steele,  bart.  of  ire- 
land,,  toMifsFarancet  D* Alton,  dangliter  of 
the  late  General  Count  D*Alton,  in  the  Im- 
periul  fervtce.  Mr.  -J.  Simpfon,  of  London, 
to  Mifs  Catherine  Harper,  of  Bach. 

At  llnunfter,  Mr.  Hine,  jun.  of  Bca- 
miniler,  toMifsColum,  ofHortoo. 

Dted.]     At  Bith,  in  her  yoch  year,  Mr&. 
King.     Mrs.  Gaites.     The  rev.  John  Hun- 
ter, only  fon  of  Dr.  Hunter,  pbyftct^,  at 
Bach.     Mrs.  Seare.    Lieutenant  John  Cliop. 
pell,    of  the  7th  regiment  of  toot.     Mn. 
Bowreman.      Mrs.  Blake.      Mr.  Pritchard* 
Mr.  Pcterfwold.     Mr.  Stephen  Batchelor. 
At  Bathwick,  Mr.  Richards. 
At  Shepton  Malht,  Mrs.  Brown. 
Ac  Ilminfter,  in  hii  73d  year,  Mr.  Tho- 
mas Slater,  fen. 

At  Whitclackington,  Mr.  Richard  ALii- 
ham. 

At  YeoTill,  in  hi«  6Sth  year,  the  rev. 
Francis  Crane  Parfon^  A.«  M.  rc£lor  ct 
Lympflum  and  Rympton,  and  a  juftice  cf 
the  peace  for  the  county  of  Somerfet.  He 
has  left  a  wife  and  twelve  children  to  lamest 
his  lofs. 

ntvoNtniB'B. 
MtrHel]  At  Exeter,  Mr.  T.  Hcdgeland,  t* 
MifsNelibn.    Mr.  Thomas  Tucker,  toHi^ 
Dawc. 

At  Chard,  Mr.  Hatlctt,  of  Axminfirr, 
wine-merchant,  to  Mifs  Clarke,  bf  the  for- 
mer place. 

Died.]  At  Exeter,  in  an  advanced  sge, 
Mrs.  Parker,  Mifs  Campbell,  ywaugdi 
daughter  of  Colonel  Campbell.  After  a  ftwt 
iilnef,,  Chriftopher  Gullett,  efq.  forawly 
an  emirent  attorney,  and  many  years  depaty- 
clerk  of  the  peace  ior  the  county  of  fk^ax 
He  was  a  n^n  defervedly  rdpcAcd  and  be- 
lovad. 

Ac  Plymouth,  Caft.  Cole,  of  bis  m^di}** 
ftip  La  RevoIuttOBore. 

At  Dartmouth,  Mrs.  Hoylc,  wife  of  ttr. 
Hoyle,  iorgeon  and  apothecary. 
AtOtterySt.  Mary,  Mtj.  Dokc, 
At  Marriftoxi,  James  Modyford  Heyvoal, 
•eCa.  He  fcrved  (he  office  cf  ihcxiir  in  17 Jf, 
an«  wa^  formerly  in  parli^joent  aft  acski 
lorFo^ey,  iaComwittl. 


THB 


MONTHLY   MAGAZINE, 


XXXI.] 


For  may,  1798. 


[vol-.  V. 


Aboutthe  middii  of^ttfy  iviil be  publijbed  the  supplemehtaky  Numbbb.  to  the  FiFT? 
VoLVME  of  this  ivorki  *wbich^  befides  the  Tttle,  Indexes^  end  a  *varitij  ^  *i^aluabif 
papers,  <wU  contain  a  aitical  and  comprehenfive  Retrcf^eSi  of  all  tki^ophs  pubhjUf 
durini^  the  laftfix  months. 

Complete  SetSy  or  any  former  Numbers  of  this  ffbrk^  mey  be  had  of  all  SooifeUers. 

ORIGINAL  COMMUNICATIONS. 


To  the  Editor  of  the  Mont  hi;  M^azsne. 

SIR, 

I  TAKE  up  my  pen  with  the  more 
wUHQgncffty  to  give  you  Ibme  de- 
tail of  the  rife,  progreft,  and  prefent  re- 
guiationi  of  two  charity-fchoofs  for  girls 
in  thi«  city,  as  one  of  your  correfpond- 
ent»,  in  a  paper 'figncd  M.  S.  in  your 
Magazine  for  February  (page  87),  has 
intimited  a  wifli  to  fee  fuch  communica- 
tions; and  moreover,  becauit  it  appears, 
from  the  attention  paid  to  many  late  pub-' 
lic:itions  on  iimilar  fubjefls,  that  theve  is 
a  difpoiition  in  the  public  mind,  to  take 
under  conikieration  whatever  may  havq  the 
benefit  of  the  poorer  claflts  for  its  objefV. 

The  firft  of  tlicfe  fchools,  uAially  de- 
nominated the*^^  coat  fcbool  from  the 
uniform  worn  by  tfc  children  educated  in 
it,  "as  founded  in  the  year  i7os>  for  tbe 
adroiflion  of  10  poor  girls.  At  the  fame 
time  a  charity  (chool  was  founded  for  40 
boys,  denommated,  for  a  like  reafon,  the 
blue  coat  fcbool, 

Thefe  fchools,  like  many  others  in  the 
kingdom,  fcem  to  hare  been  founded 
merely  for  the  pufpofe  of  pipviding  a 
better  education  for  a  given  number  of 
poor  children,  than  they  could  have  in  the 
ncufes  of  their  pttcnts  or  friends,  or  in  a 
public  poor  houie';  it  is  o1)v1ous  therefore, 
that  if  owing  to  any  defeil  either  in  the 
origmal  plan,  or  in  the  way  tn  which  the 
plan  is  executed,  the  children  in  fuch 
fchools  are  not  better  educated  than  they 
If  ould  otherwile  have  been,  the  pious  and 
henevoftnt  obje6l  of  the  founders  is  not 
attained. 

It  happened  about  i$yean  ago,  that 
a  gentleman  of  great  refpeftability,  who 
attended  the  grey  coat  fcfaool  in  a  medial] 
line,  lamented  to  myfelf,  incidcntallv -in 
eonverfttion,  that  the  girls  educated  in  it 
were  in  general  extremfly  tinhcalthy,  and 
dwarfit^  irf  their  ftaturc,  and  that  after 
they  left  it,  they  ufually  tiuTicd  out  ill. 
At  the  Time*  time  he  mentioned  as  a 
fiif^/that  thert  were  at  that  time  in  this 
c'-^'  no  Icfs  than  eight  unhappy  vi^Ujns 

Monthly  Mao,  ^q.jQuu. 


who  had  been  brought  up  in  it,  that  de* 
pended  on  proftitution  for  fupport. 

It  ftruck  me,  that  eifefls  fo  general 
muft  originate  from  Ibme  capital  faiik 
either  in  the  conftitution  of  the  ichool 
itielf,^  or  in  the  management  of  it;  and 
though  I  did  not  then  live  in  Yoiic,  t 
formed  the  refolution  of  taking  the  earlieft 
opportunity  of  endeavouring  thoroughly 
to  inveftigate  the  fubjeft. '  This  oppoi*- 
timity  occurred  the  following  year,  when 
I  came  to  refide  in  this  city,  jud  at  the 
time  when  a  commodious  new  building 
had  been  trebled  for  the  reception  of  the 
girls;  and  I  was  joined  by  feme  very 
refpeflable  ladies  of  my  acouai&tanc^ 
who  were  equally  folicitous  with  myiclf  to 
find  out  the  caufe  oi  thefe  misfortune^ 
and  to  fuggeft  a-  remedy  for  them.  I  wiR 
not  trouble  you,  fir,  with  the  pstrtlculart 
of  the  itcps  taken  to  effe6l  this  purpoft^ 
but  will  merely  give  an  outline  ot  tlie 
plan  on  which  the  inftttution  had  till  tha^ 
time  b-en  conduced,,  of  the  defers  wp 
difcovered  in  it,  of  the  alterations  we  pro- 
pnfed,  and  wluch  the  ccmmirtce  of  gen* 
tlcmen  who  had  hitherto  managed  its 
affairs,  were  pleaftd  to  adopt>  and  laftly, 
^f  what  has  been  the  reiult.  •  •  '  » 
The  girls  at  the  grey  coat  fchool  ^^n^ 
at  that  "time  boarded  with  a  maft«r  aiiA 
miilrefs,  who,  in  addition  to  their  fdlpend, 
were  allowed  to  reap  the  benefit  cf  tht 
children's  labour.  The  children  were  to 
be  uught  by  the  mafter  to  read  antl  Write, 
and  fomc  time  before  their  Iravine  thfe 
fchool,  were  to  be  employed  In  hou^hold 
affairs,  in  order  to  fit  tlicm  for  fer vants. 
Thev  were  afterw^s  bound  apprentice 
for  four  years,  to  be  found  with  meat  and 
doathsy  to  luok  perfons  ac  might  apf>lT 
£»r  them.  .  *  *       • 

,  In  the  £rft  place,  •itappeared  td  vs,  thA 
the  boarding  of  the  children,  as  it  mtdt  it 
the  Intcseft  of  the  mafter  and'  mi(lref«  40 
abridge  them  in  the  qinnriry  ofT^^ 
food,  and  to  regard  the  che^neO  of  it, 
rather  than  its  wholefomenefs,  was  an  ln# 
eligible  mode  of  j^roviding  for  them ;  a^nd 
T  t  aif^ 


340 


Mrt.  Cappe  on  Girts  Charitj-'Scbools* 


ndgbt,  in  ptit  tt  ktfftt  tccooot  for  their  eompletely  ruined  by  31  ufage,  and  their 
want  of  health,  ind  for  th^r  not  attaining  lUile  day  of  life  prolonged,  if  it  ^ere  u 
to  the  ffature  and  degree  of  ftrength  ufiial 


tt  their  tf(^&vrt  aajci. 

adly .  That  the  aUowdng  the  mafter  and 
ffiftrefs  the  benefits  of  the  children*!  la- 
bour,  as  it  made  it  their  int  reft  to  infift 
upon  exertioni  difproportionate  to  the 
mbilitiet  of  the  children,  might  in  many 
refpcAs  prove  injurious  to  them. 

jdly.  -That  although,  bv  virtue  of  the 
iM'iginat  agreement,themiltrefs  was  oblig- 
ed to  employ  the  girls  in  houfchoTd 
^atrs,  in'order  to  fit  them  for  fervants  ; 
jet  b«ing  rubje6^  to  no  regulations  which 
inould  compel  her  to  take  them  in  rotation, 
iie  would  probably  be  tempted  to  confult 
her  intereft,  by  employing  thofc  only  who 
could  moft  eatily  be  taught }  and  thus  the 
greftter  part  of  the  cbildren  would  not  be 
•t  all  initruAed. 

And,  4thly,  that  binding  the  girls  ao- 
prentice  for  four  years>  however  kindly 
intended  by  the  infti  tutors  of  the  charity, 
who  doubtlefs  hoped  that,  by  this  means, 
thefe  young  pteoplc  would  be  certain  of 
jproteAion  dnrmg  ttiat  term,  was  a  moft 
ruinous  practice}  and  this,  for  the  fol- 
lowing reafuns. 

^That  the  perfont  appl)rtng  for  thefe. 
girls,  woukJ  generally  be  iuch  as  were  tn 
necciiitpus  circumftaiices,  induced  to  take 
them  into  their  ferrice,  a&  they  were  in- 
tttlvd  to  their  labour  without  wages. 

That  the  abfolute  power  which  the  maf-* 
ter  or  mtftrvfs  has  over  fuch  an  apprentice, 
generally  operates  unfavorably  on  the 
jnind  of  both  parties^  tending  to  make 
the  one  tyrannical  and  fevere  (even 
where  previouily  they  were  decent  tharac- 
ttrs),  and  to  render  the  other  ftupid  and 
obftinate,  di0atisfied  with  her  condition, 
and  anwillii^  therefore  to  comply  with 
demands  which  in  themfelves  might  be 
reafonable :  and  above  all,  that  in  caiet 
where  the  mafter  or  miftrefs,  or  both,  were 
iHtvioufly  unprincipled  (a  cafe  vdiich» 
motwithftandtng  every  precaution,  would 
in  faft  very  often  happen),  the  evils  i-e^ult- 
ing  would  be  incalculabJe* 

We  found,  upon  ftri£t  inquiry,  that  the 
truth  of  tliis  reafoning  was  confirmed  by 
what  had  in  fa£V  uken  place,  and  more 
cfpecially  that  part  of  it  which  related  to 
binding  the  ^irts  apprentice.  It  appeared^ 
that  iovoii  ot  thefe  pcxir  girls  had  been  ^•^ 
duced  by'  their  nultcrs  ^  that  fome  had 
ruB  away  before  the  term  of  their  appren- 
ticjlhip  had  expired  (in  cither  of  which 
cafes,  forlorn  and  unproteded,  they  had 
grncrally  become  the  viotims  of  pi-oftitu- 
tioiij  }  and  that  the  health  of  others,  not 
^•dod  when  they  left  the  Ichooi,  had  been 


all  prolongcdt  in  circunuftances  of  extreme 
fuffering  and  wretchednefs. 

I  (hould  not,  Mr^  Editor,  haveenteml 
fo  much  into  detail  on  a  matter  which 
could  not  be  of  importance  to  the  public 
at  Urge,  wei-e  the  interefts  of  the  particu- 
lar  inititution  to  which  it  relates  akm 
concerned  in  it;  but  apprehending  that 
probably  many  other  charity»fchools  in 
different  parts  of  the  kingdom  may  be 
eftahliAied  on  a  fimilar  plan,  and  that  pro- 
bably, on  examination,  many  like  abuies 
would  be  found  to  prevail,  I  have  hoped 
that,  by  means  of  your  uleful  and  widely 
circulated  Nf  agazine,  fome  attention  might 
in  other  inftances  be  excited  to  the  fubj^. 

It  is  my  defign,  in  a  future  letter,  to  fend 
you    fome   account   of   the    alterations 
which  haVe  been  made,  and  of  the  fuccefi 
which  has  hitherto  been  the  refult,  and 
I  am,  Sir,  your  obedient  iervant, 
}Vi,  April €7 1  i79«.      Cath.  Cappe. 

To  the  EiStorofthe  Monthly  Magazim, 

SIR, 

IN  your  Magazine  for  February,  I  oh- 
fervc  a  judicious  and  wcU-intemioned 
correipondait  requefts  Ibme  infonnatioa 
refpe^tinf  the  nfoil  pre  per  books  ta  bi 
ufed  in  charity-fchools,  and  other  ilmiiar 
inftitutions.  I  am  an  old  man,  fir,  ai^d 
a  Chriftian,  and  therefore  I  iliould  be 
forry  not  to  fee  the  Bible  in  the  hands  of 
the  childi-en  of  the  poor,  convinced  that, 
in  maturer  li&,  they  will,  from  the  perU' 
fal  of  that  book,  derive  their  beft  coniV- 
lation.  Yet  I  am  diipoied,  in  Ibme  de- 
gree,  to  compromife  the  matter  with 
your  con-efoondent  s  and  I  confefs,  I 
think  the  Taftament,  or  rather,  the  four 
Evangel  ifts,  would  be  more  inftru&ive,  in 
proportion  to  its  bulk,  than  the  Bible  at 
large :— or,  perhaps,  if  a  iele£lion  was 
made  of  the  hiitorical  and  more  diking 
parts,  including  a  good  portion  of  the 
book  of  jobj  with  the  hiftoiy  and  dtl- 
couries  ot  our  LOrd,  all  in  the  language 
.of  Scripture,  it  might  anfwerftiU  better. 
Though  I  admire  gi-eatly  the  moral  parts 
of  the  "  Cbur^b  Catecbiflfit*^  ytl  I  agree 
with  your  correfpOndent,  that  a  great 
part  of  that  Atmmary  of  ^th  is  not  very 
intelligible  to  children.  There  was  a 
plainei'  catechirm  publifticd  ibme  years 
ago,  with  «*  Family  Praytrj,  for  thi  Vfi 
if  the  Pbilantbropk  Refontit^  axul,.I  be- 
lieve compoied  or  compiled  by  Dr.  Gx.*- 
GORY,  which,  with  fome  additions, 
nii^hi  be  rcndci-edvery  gtfnerallj  ufcf^i 

sod 


Boehfor  Charity'Schooh.^.Greek  Perjion  of  Gra/s  Elegy,    jll^ 


tnd  tbe  nhortation  at  the  end  rtight, 
with  (ime  alteration,  be  eafily  adaptc3  to 
the  ule  of  common  charity-fchooh.  Some 
of  the  little  pennv  and  twopenny  numbers 
oi'^tke  Cheap  Kepofitory^^^  might  alfo  be 
difh-ibuted  with  advaatage  among  the 
children. 

The  ijixat  difficulty,  howerer,  with 
children  is,  to  make  i^hat  is  their  duty 
plcafant  to  them.  I  fliould,  therefore/ 
advife,  that  booki  fliould  be  occafionally 
given,  in  charity  fchooli,  a«  nrixes  to 
iuch  children  at  excel.  As  it  is  a  great 
objeft  to  cultivate  in  them  religious  ftel- 
in*<,  and  as  all  children  ftem  to  be  enter- 
tamed  with  the  peru&l  of  it,  perhaps 
"  rbePtignfnrs  Prvgrefs^'*  of  which  there 
are  cheap  editions,  would  be  a  good  book 
to  be  diftributed  m  this  way.  There  is 
another  popular  book  which  I  will  alfo 
venture  to  recommend,  and  that  is  **  RO' 
binfrn  Crufoe\^^  a  book  which  inftruas 
a  well  as  pleafes ;:  a  book  admirably  cal- 
cuhted  to  excite  a  fpirit  of  enterprixe,  to 
&rw  the  advantage  of  ingenuity  and  in- 
duftry,  and  to  cultivate  religious  fentU 
mentt.  Your  correfpondent  mentions 
civil  hiftory ;  if  that  branch  of  difcjpline 
liiould  be  deemed  compatible  with  the 
trery  limited  courfe  of  inftru£lion  to 
which  thofe  inftitutions  are  necelTarily 
confined, '  I  know  of  bo  book  (b  good  as 
••  Tbe  Hiftory  of  Eiigland,  in  a/eries  cf 
letters  from  a  Nohleman  to  bis  SoMy**  com. 
fflonly  attributed  to  Lord  Lyttelton,  but 
wally  wvttten  by  Dr.  Goldfmitb. 

I  remain,  Sir»  yours,  Sec. 
low  Lajfton,         Nepiodidaskalos. 

1'otie  E£toroftbe  Monthly  Magaaune. 

SIR,    . 

HAVING  been  difappointed  of  feeing 
the.  colkaion  ot  medical  f^s« 
^hich  a  correfpondent  of  yours  has  long 
nnce  pnimifed  to  publifli  1  I  have  com- 
mitted  the  xefult  ot  my  own  obfervations 
and  experaeoce  to  prcd.  This  Essay 
will  probably  appear  \tk  tbMieginniiig  of. 
wxt  mojith}  and  I  hope  will  exhibit  an 
impaitiaj  vieirof  the  whole  twJence,  as 
^^p^fla^  both  fir  and  agennfi  the  ne^v 
pia/t  of  treojtment  4  inchiding  a  variety  of 
cafes  which  have  been  recently  communi- 
cated to  roe,  by  different  pra^litioners  in 
*'<wdon.«~As  I  have  no  favorite  theory 
to  fupport,  it  will  be  my  firft  wi(h  and  aim 
to  arriveat  the  truth,  whitlieribever  it  may 
mA  me.  At  fome  future  period,  X  fliall 
tndeavour.to  Supply  what  may  appear  to 
he  deficient,  and  corfpa  wliat  ihaJL  be 
P«mted  out  as  erroneous, 
^rm  Rufol-Sireet, 
fh  '7»  i;M'        WxLti4M  BtAXt. 


TothiEdtttrqftheUMthltM^OHmt.    . 

SXlty 

1  Believe  there  nertr  was  a  time,  wfata 
claffical  books  were  in  fo  much  re* 
quefty  and  clalfical  learninff  fo  muck* 
talked  of  and  arrogated  In  this  country, 
with  fo  little  real  knowledge  of  the  fub- 
jeft,  at  at  this  moment.  We  bring  fropi 
fchool  a  fuperficial  acqutinrance  with 
Horace  and  Virgil,  Homer  and  a  few 
Greek  plays,  with  one  or  two  authors 
more :  we  then  fancy  ouriclTts  in  c«m* 
plete  poficl&on  of  ancient  literatm  e,  and 
promulgate  our  decUtons  with  all  the  au« 
thority  of  accomplilhed^  critics.  I  was 
confirmed  in  thele  fentiments  by  a  note 
which  I  read,  this  day,  in  the  <<  Purfuits 
of  Literatures^  a  poem,  not  eoual  in  mm 
rit  to  the  eftimate  of  its  doanog  author, 
nor  3ret  fo  defpicable  as  fome,  who  want 
fufficient  magnanimity  to  defpift  fo  pro* 
fligate  a  cenlor,  are  willing  to  perfuade 
themfelves.  In  addition  to  a  mod  out- 
rageous panegyric  on  the  late  Greek  pro* 
fcHor  at  Cambridge,  a  ibnaa  of  hia  ver* 
iion  of  "  Grafsilegyi^  is  immodtnitely 
cxtoUed.  This  ftanxa,  with  your  per* 
iniflion,  I  will  examine  by  the  rules  9f 
rigid  criticifm;  and.  can  aflure  your 
readers,  that  it  is  neither  more  nor  left 
exceptionable  in  its  proportion,  dian  the 
whole  performance:  for  every  line  of 
which,  may  be  pointed  out  at  leaft  one 
grofs  error,  either  of  penrerted  meanings 
loloeciitical  expreilion,  or  vicious  fyntax. 
The  examination,  however,  of  this  fiqgle 
ftanza,  will  ferve  to  convince  all  tha 
world,  but  the  panegyrift  himfelf,  what 
ibrt  of  a  icholar  and  critic  this  mighty 
dogmatlft  muft  be  regarded  |  who  has  « 
competent  degree  of  ichooI-leamixM^,  and 
no'moi'e:  who  is  incapable,  i  dart 
fay,  of  difceming  between  the  lat<f  pro* 
ieOorand  the  preient,  between  Richard 
FORSON  and  William  Cooke.  .Nor 
have  I  any  doubt,  but  others  would  be 
able  to  point  out  faults  which  I  have  not 
noticed,  in  this  very  ftanza  i 
The  boaft  .of  jieraldry,  the  pomp  of  power. 

And  »11  that  beauty,  all  that  wealth  c*er 
g*ve,   .•      ■ 
Await  alike  th*  inevitable  hour : . 

The  paths  of  glory  lead  but  to  the  ({rave. 
A    X*f*^    ivytnvy    X*C*^  •  fiaaiKiiii^ 

IlavO*  af»  ravrx  rtimnii  nm  «»Ofy  ftff^f 

H^«ry  «>^*  0^>4»   N«l  ^'X'TV  fl^Mi  1$  A^. 

Now,  in  the  firft  ^lace,  tbeie  wnrds, 

«<  T|ie  gra^  vf  mtU  ^Mj  V^n^  or  th« 

1\%  t^ 


yi%  Gnii  Virfion  <f  Gro/s  Eiegy.,.^Oh Mutrvimj. 

grati.  of  kihWy  fway,**  are .  m  nx)ft  iii^ 
eij^Iiicd  and  indeed  pitiful  reprefentation 
ofthe  noble  original.  Grmet\%  not  csn* 
ployed  by  fuch»  as  know  liow  to  imitate 
tke  anclentsy  to  fahje£fct  of  graitdeur  and 
Jk^limi^thut  to  tfaoib  iddigance^nd  beauty. 
We  never  hear  of  the  graces  £m^\y  of 
Jupiter  and  Mars^  but  of  i^emu  and  the 
^mphs,  Befidett^no^i/rr^ilfvf  particle— or 
-"has  place  here :  one  qf  a  coUeSive  import 
was  required.  This  grbfs  impropriety  is 
moft  otnriotit  and  unquedbnable.  The 
jsbfition  too  of  ^  it  altsgethor  clumfy  and 
HUuimUCUe.  We  can  make  no  Indul^^- 
cnces  for  fach  faults  in  ibort  and  needlefs 
cxerciies : 

*-««  poterat  duel  «|tiia  cona  fine  tftb. 
,  Only  obferre,  how  an  artift  of  the  Icaft 
dexterity  might  have  remedied  thefe  de- 
feat: 

But  the  proftriTor  and  his  encomiaft  are 
no  artilfts  in  the  Greek  bnguage.— Laftly, 
ny9¥W9  for  the  abftr&6^  ivy^wuct^  is  mean, 
and  barely  tolemble.  But  the  tranilator, 
in  the  pfenitude  of  his  leamlnff>  doubt- 
lefs  fuppofed,  that  nvytncti  wovud  not  be 
allowaile  even  in  |K)etry  I 

In  the  fecind  line  the  infertion  of  the 
article  in  the  fecond  ctaufe,  after  its  omif- 
fion  in  the  firft,  is  the  mere  botch  of  a 
<nan,  who' knew  not  how  to  complete  the 
ftet  of  his  verfe  without  fuch  a  wretched 
incongruity •  I  fay  nothing  of  the  power 
and  purport  of  tlit  tranflator's  language, 
^hich  refemblet  the  original  juft  as  adc- 
ouately  as  n.fitrthiag  rim^  reprefents  the 
fim:  but  rtqueft  our  ieamed  admirer  of^ 
the  profeflbr  to  point  out  that  pafl'age  of 
the  aucientSy  wntch  will  jufti^  an  ac- 
'ceptatit>n  of  the  pointed  phrafe  ra  lu^ 
A^fol^rac  in  a  fenfe  demanded  by  this  place . 
Homeri  Anacreon,  Pindar  (fee  alio  Virg. 
'JRn,  ir.  -33.)  employ  the  words,  but  m 
\i  lefs  delicate  meaning,  tlian  Gray  re- 
ijmrcs  $  and,  if  we  undertake  to  conipofe 
in  dead  languages,  we  muft  not  prcfumc 
to  transfer  their  ^irepcrties  to  our  own 
tdioms. 

In  the  tMrd  line,  I  fhould  be  glad  to' 
know,  whether  we  are  to  underiland  the 
conftru6lion  to  be  %9^tf  jk  a/A«^>  or  »^a^ 
»j»Oe» :  if  the  former  way,  I  doubt  the 
legitimacy  of  the  phrafe  5  if  the  latter, 
'the  variation  of  conftruaion  is  clumfy  and 
•ffenfive.  In  either  cafe,  the  claufe  is 
^    *v*parilonab'Iy  ambTgUoui. 

In  the  JQurtb  line,  how 'the  elegant 
*^urc  of  fhe  original  it  profaned  and 
tourdererf'by  moft  lacrllegious  butchery  I 
'»•  The  >ilKt  of  glory  \tU  Hwtto  the  ^tivc  *•• 


a  verfe,  for  elegance  and  fimplicity  not 
to  be  exceeded.  At  any  rate,  we  couli 
have  excufed  thefalfe  quantity t  the  fton- 
cning  of  0  before  the  confonant  |.  But  let 
that  paft.  What  is  Afc?  ?  I  know  no 
fuch  word.  A^hn,  ^^th  the  »  either  at 
tte  fide,  or  lybfcribcd,  would  have  been 
intelligible:  but  perhaps  our  recondite 
gentleman  has  fome  great  authorities  ia 
ft6re  for  fuch  puzzling  fir.guUrlties. 

Upon  the  whole,  it  is'  fcaicely  pofiiblc 
for  any  verfion  to  be  more  defplcable  than 
the  ftanza  before  us  :  and  thefe  few  re- 
marks  will  ferve  to  prove  what  a  racrt 
fmatterer  and  fecond-hand  quotation- 
dealer  we  have  in  this  fald  author  of 
"  Tbe  Purjmts  $f  Literature:"*  and  it 
will  be  curious  to  fee,  whether  this  ailaf* 
fin  of  reputation,  who  is  execrated  by  all 
parties,  will  violate  his  nature,  and  den- 
ate  IntD  modefty,  by  omitting,  or  defend- 
ing, his  encomium  on  this  tranflatlon  of 
the  Elegy  in  a  future  edition  of  hlswoii. 
But  he  probably  has  not  leanilng  enough 
to  know,  when  he  is  confuted  and  ex« 
poft'd:  nor  indeed  is  conviction  to  be 
€xpe6ted  from  lb  hardened  a  flanderer,  or 
modefty  from  fuch  fclf-fufiiciency  and 
impudence. 

Hackwy^     Gilbert  Wakefielh. 
AfrilxTt  J  798.    . 

Tfl  the  Editor  af  tbe  Monibhf  Magaxke, 

WHEN  public  follies  attraathe  at- 
tention of  our  fuperiors,  I  do 
not  fay  that  deliberation  thereby  acqulrts 
a  fafliion ;  but  certain  it  is,  that  weiitik 
people  take  example,  anc^  fitting  in  fo- 
iemn,  yet  humble  council,  prefume  to 
give  our  opinion  and  advice.  And  fte- 
mg  that  the  prcfcnt  ftate  of  matrimonv 
hath  lately  been  taken  info  very  bieti 
confideration,  and  veiy  fcvere  remarks 
made  thereon,  although  no  remedy  hath 
yet  been  propofed,  except  fome  fraaJl  ad. 
Sitions  to  the  under  garments  of  certain 
public  dancers  ;  I  have'beftowcd  a  con- 
fidcrable  portion  of  time  and  attention  on 
the  fubjecl,  and  having  flattered  royfclt 
(an  office  which  no  man  elfe  chufc*  to 
take  upon  him),  that  I  Have  found  out 
both  the  caufc  and  the  remedy,  of  raatri- 
monial  infidenty,  I  now  fend  you  the  re- 
fult  of  my  labours,  truftitig  that  you  wi»l 
not  objedl  to  the  early  infrrtion  of  a  kh- 
jcft,  which,  as  my  Lord  Bacon  obferrcth, 
•*  Cometh  home  to  all  men's  bofoms  ^ 
bufmefs." 

And  firft,  fir,  permit  me  to  obferre, 
Wftcrically,  that  the  ftate  and  conditlui^ 
of  women  j^coo^  marriage,  has  undergone 


EviU  of  Jldedini  Matrimony  • 


2n 


mm  and  (TBftt  altenitioni  wthxa  tbeic 
two  hundred  years.  It  wi»  formerly  ob- 
fared,  that  women  were  better  treated 
in  this  country  thui  in  Spain  and  Italy, 
where  they  were  kept  under  the  flri6left 
I  confinement,  and  guarded  m  every  po(E- 
bk  way  from  the  opportuna  ies  of  finniBg. 
It  wa$  alio  obferved,  fihat  in  coniequcnce 
of  the  g»atcr  liberty  which  the  Englifli 
and  Oerman  women  enjoyed,  they  proved 
to  be  the  moil  virtuous  of  their  f<». 
Now,  firy  if  thi:i  had  continued  to  be 
the  cafe,  the  buHnefs  of  Doctor's  Com* 
znons  would  not  have  been'fo  great  as  at 
preient,  and  I  fhould  have  b«en  fpared 
the  trouble  of  addreiHng  this  letter  to  you. 

I,  therefore,  beg  leave  to  aflign  that 
rtry  liberty  as  the  caufe  of  the  ^ient 
complaints.  I  prefume  i  need  fcarce  tell 
you,  that  there  is  nothing  i'o  liable  to  be 
abuied  as  liberty.  We  have  ieen  fo  much 
of  this  abufe  of  late  years,  that  many 
▼cry  worthy  and  wife  men  become  fick  at 
the  very  mention  of  liberty ;  while  others 
have  written  elaboAte  treatises,  to  prove 
that  the  world  enjoys  much  more  liberty 
than  it  ought;  and  that  thefe  times, 
which  fome  people  call  times  of  arbitrary 
power,  were,  m  fz6i,  very  good  times^ 
compared  to  the  prefent.  Now,  if  the 
abuie  of  liberty  be  io  general,  as  to  have 
pervaded  all  ranks,  it  is  not  uncharitable 
to  fuppofe  that  the  weaker  (ex  may  have 
fallen  into  the  error,  if  it  were  only  from 
tht  influence  of  bad  example. 

One  evil  confeauence  of-  the  liberty 
allowed  them  is,  tnat  matrimony  is  now 
attended  with  no  manner  ©f  dMficulty. 
In  novels,  indeed,  and  other  works  of 
imagination,  we  read  of  the  cruelty  of 
parents,  batchelor  uncles,  and  maiden 
aunts  J  but  fo  very  fcarce  are  thoie 
things  in  real  life,  that  the  writers  of 
novels,  having  nothing  before  their  eyes 
to  paint  and  defcribe,  are  obliged  to  go 
on  copying  from  one  another,  the  man- 
ners or  half  a  century  old.  It  has  never 
been  well  with  matrimony,  fmce  a  lover 
could  viiit  his  miitrei's  by  the  hoiile  door. 
When  there  were  windows  and  garden- 
walls,  and  rope-ladders,  and  when  it  was 
an  even  chance  whether  a  man  faluted  his 
miftreis  or  the  hard  ground,  a  man  learned 
to  fct  a  juft  value  on  what  had  been  at- 
chievcd  at  fo  much  rlik.  And  young 
ladles,  too,  permit  me  to  fay,  would  na- 
turally be  much  more  attached  to  a  man, 
who  had  ventured  his  neck  cnly  for  a 
^vt  minutes  converfation,  than  to  one 
who  came  quietly  in  at  the  dour,  in  the 
prefence  of  the  whole  family,  and  with- 
put    tl^e   iipalleft  J;i3^cr.     Ahl    thc;ic 


were  happy  dayi ,  when  evrrjr  ftep  to  gain 
9  meeting  was  attended  with  the  moft 
delightful  palpitations;  and  when  th« 
terrors  of  the  bhmderbufs  prefcri>od  a 
lip'tvijb  caution,  that  is  not  known  in 
our  time.  Then^  fir,  a  oourtftiip  was  a 
regular  iicge,  and  the  lovers  were  ac- 
quainted with  all  the  Ibatagems  of  war. 
To  be  known  to  be  in  love,  was  to  be 
known  to  be  in  danger ;  and  when  a  pa-> 
rent  difcovered  his  lon*i>  paf&on,  he  lock- 
ed up  all  fire. arms  and  other  hurtful 
weapons;  and  when  uneafy  at  his  ab- 
fence,  inftead  of  the  prelcnt  vulgar  mode 
of  fendii^g  a  Servant,  would  have  ordered 
the  ponds  to  be  dragged.  Thcfc  were" 
happy  days. 

Marriage,  ^y  is  greatly  too  eafv,  an  J 
wluit  is  the  confequcnce  f  Wc  have  loft  th^" 
noble  pailion  of  jealoufy,  that  great  pre- 
iervative  of  a  man^s  honour ;  tlut  watch- 
ful fpy,  and  informtr,  who  was  always 
ready  to  give  notice  of  a  plot  before  it 
was  hatcMd,  and  could  cook  up  a  molt 
formidable  confpiracy  without  the  help 
of  conTpirators.  No  .jnai}  can  tell  what 
are  the  comibrtt  of  jealoul'y,  and  what 
the  fecurity  it  affords,  but  the  happy 
few  who  poiTefs  it  in  iu  orisinal  and  un- 
cormpted  form.  But  this  leads  me  to 
what  I  confider  as  the  cure  of  the  evil. 

Since  matrimonial  infidelity  arifes  front 
miftaken  notions  of  liberty,  and  fincc  we 
have  wandered  far  from  the  iecure  and 
fafe  times,  when  women  were  virtuous 
and  confined,  what  can  be  lb  ealy  as  t(» 
retiace  our  ileps,  and  return  to, thoie  fuc. 
cefsful  pra6lices,  which  will  always  pre- 
vent the  abufe  of  liberty,  and  prevent  it 
from  running  into  licentioaihers  ?  Let  ut 
confult  the  fpirit  of  the  times,  and  I 
think  wv  (hall  fir«d  very  little  oppofitloa 
to  our  plan.*  So  veiy  abfurd  arc  we  at 
prefent,  that  when  a  couple  are  manied, 
inilead  of  confider^ug  the  ceremony  as  anf 
ticj  they  confider  it  as  a  taking  up  of 
their  freedom.  When  invited  to  celebrate 
a  wedding-day,  I  have  fometimes  been 
furprized  how  it  could  be  confidered  as  a 
feilival,  but  experience  has  taught  me 
better  \  and  a  friend,  who  lately  ient  ine 
ah  invitation  of  this  kind,  dated  his  card, 
Seccnd  year  of  our  liherty, 

Inilead  ot  this,  fir,  Jet  the  hufband, 
or  intended  hufband  begin,  as  before, 
with  fumiihing  a  houfe  fit  to  receive  the 
bride  j  but  let  him  firft  conlukfome  eml 
nent  architect,  who  has  be;en  employed 
on  the  numerous  jails  for  folitary  confine- 
ment, that  have  Jati-ly  been  built  for  the 
prefervation  offoiiai  order.  In  fccuring 
the douis  and  window;^  ^aaly,  and.pl^- 

ing 


$14  OhfiTvatUns  #»  Mr.  Ttnnan^s  Bleaching  Lipttrl 

bg  a  ebi^uoMX  dejrixt  alonj^  the  top^  he    erciffd  in  the  lerioos  uie  of  it^  net  as  a 
wSl  do  better  dun  by^  proriding tables  (b    g|;aceful  and  maniac 


#i  «  «•         ^  ejerctieof  fport,  bnt 

finely  polLQied,  at  to  Icnre  for  looking,  ai  a  defence*  which  both  itoeiBcacyia 

ffladet  i   and  chain  of  fo  delicate  a /2.  -^-^^-^ «-- ^ 

prique^  as  to  be  fit  for  every  thing  but 
^^A rr  ^.i a.  u ^:^> 


fitting  upon.  If  there  muft  be  a  china- 
clofety  let  him  take  care  that  there  U 
nothing  in  it  more  brittle  than  porcelain ; 
and  if  there  muft  be  mu(tC|  let  the  notes 
be  foflencd  and  harmonized,  by  palling- 
through  a  key-hole.  In  the  courle  ot 
thefe  preparations,  I  cannot  help  oblerv- 
ix^y  that  we  (hall  be  greatly  aJQTiiled  by 
the  fuperior  ingennity  of  modem  me- 
chanics. Beiides  the  ufual.help  of  bolts 
and  bars,  we  may  adopt  the  patent  lock, 
which,  we  are  ttild,  is  To. contrived  that 
aodiihoneft  perfon  can  pick  it ;  and  that 
the  owner  roav  depend  on  the  fecurity  of 
nHiat  he  guards  by  means  of  it. 

I  tee  nothing  clie  that  can  prevent  the 
abiife  of  liberty,  but  means  like  thefe.  It 
is  in  vain  to  think  that  people  will  not 
abufe  liberty,  iC  they  have  it.  They  may 
aik  for  a  little,  and  that  little  may  not 
fcem  umtaibnablei'but,  if  it  is  granted, 
can  we  be  fnre  that  they  will  ftop  there  ? 
No,  iir,  the  more  liberty  you 'give  to  a 
man,  or  a  woman  (which  is  the  point 
here),  the  more  they  >vill.  require.  It  is 
like  giving  drink  in  the  dropfy.  It  grows 
by  what  it  feeds  on/  We  live,  however, 
in  times,  where  I  hope  there  it  not  much 
occafion  for  my  dilating  upon  this  fub- 


itfelf  and  its  novelty  in  Eimpean  wamre, 
might  very  juftlj  Rcommend  tobe^opt. 
ed  into  our  taftict. 

This  may  ftrike  the  eye  of  imal, 
vidiofe  profiffifloal  knowMge  and  cim« 
rience  will  enable  them  bcft  to  jodge 
whether  this  propoial  deicrvts  stteotioo. 
I  have  underftood  it  was  one  of  tlie 
weapons  which  Marihal  Saxe  had  mA- 
tated  to  revive.  '  C.  Lofpt. 

^ni,  179s. 

-To  thi  Mtor  of  tie  Manthfy  Magtadm. 

GIVE  me  leave,  fir,  to  make  a  few 
obrervationr  on  Mr.  Tcnn ant's 
new  method  of  preparing  the  chemical 
bleaching  liquor,  deicribed .  in  yoor  a* 
cellent  Magazine.fbr  March.  Nlr.  Tt  s. 
NANT  combines  the  oxygenated  munattc 
acid,  produced  by  jolb.  of  iait,  with  1 
ley,  ccmfifting  of  a  iblution  of  jolb.  of 
fait,  and  6oIb.  of  lime,  diflfuied  in  mtnr} 
inftead:  of.  combining  it  with  an  alcaiine 
ley,  as  it  has  hitherto  been  pmaifni. 
The  queftion  is,  whether  his  method  be 
preferable  to  the  old  one  at  pre&nt  is  u6. 
If  it  he  prefnFable,  it  muft  be  either 
cheaper,  or  better  in  point  of  qnalit}*,  cr 
both.— We  find,  that  (even  pounds  and  1 
half  of  pearl-aihes  are  fuffictont'to  fa  d» 
acid  produced  firom  solb  of  (alt;  theix- 


Jeft.    It  is"  a  general  maxim  now,  that  .^^ceof  thi%  quantity  of  afbes  is,  at  fit- 


the  abufe  of  any  thing  is  a  Sufficient  rear 
Ion  againft  the  ufe ;  and  it  is  highly  re- 
qnifite  we  ihould  carry  thi»  theory  into 
pra£lice.  If  I  have  not  fully  explained 
every  part  of  my  plan,  I  truft  maiiy  of 
your  readers  will  have  entered  into  the 
ipirit  of  it,  fufficientiy  to  fupply  ipy  de- 
fers \  and  I  hope,  i(^  a  very  (hort  time, 
to  find  that  crim,  eon,  and  all  its  -confe- 
quences  of  "  deprivation  ofeomfbrtf  and 

lleavy  damam,**  will  be  for  ever  extih- 

guiihed  and  aboliihed,   by  my  plan  of  T^NjiAKT's  method  requires.    But,  ii 
VAMILY  BARRACKS.     I  am,  &,  your'f,  '  hig  irtethod  better?  is  the  quality  of  the 


pence  a  pound,  ^%i  9d.     To  fix  the  Sum 

quantity  of  acid^  Mr.  TlHKAltT  cm« 

ploys    .     /      •      .  S.J, 

301b..  of  fait  at  i{4.  ...  3  9 

SAd  ^Ib  of  lime,  abont  -07 

It  appears,  therefore,  that  the  ealn< 
leous*  liquor  is  not  cheaper,  but  evn 
dearer  than  the  alcaiine  Hquor,  indepcnd- 
ant  of  the  additional  labour  whjch  Mr. 


C.  C. 

7a  thi  EStor  of  the  Menthfy  Magazpu. 

SIR, 

AN  invafion  being  esme^ed,  and  |»re- 
parations  being  at  length  beginning 
to  be  made,  on  a  fyftem  ana  on  an  extent 
which  bears  fome  proportion  to  the  mag- 
nitude bf  the  evil  we  may  foon  have  to 
encounter,  I  would  wifli  to  a(k  thofe  who 
are  the  proper  judges,  why  our  anticnt 
national  weapon,  the  English  hakd- 
liow,  ihould  not  he  revi^red,  and  fome 
fele^  corps  invited  to  be  trained  and  ex- 


liquor  iroptDved  by  it  f  I  have  ieen,  is  1 
paper  publiihed  in  the  M  half  volunie  cf 
the  "  Memoirs  tf  the  Litermy  emd  fhSi- 
foptjcal  Soeiefj  of  Matgcbefier,^  that  in 
proportion  as  the  oxygenated  muriatic 
acia  is  neutralifed  by  an  alcali,  it  be- 
comes iefsaf^ive  in  bleaching.  The  fame 
muft  be  the  cafe  when  this  acid  is  neu- 
tralized by  any  other  bafis.  Now  the 
quantity  of  calcareous  earth  which  Mr. 
T.  prefcribcs,  is  more  than  fufficieat 
completely  to  faturate  the  acid  prodycrJ 
by  3olb,  of  lalt  |  whereas  7  Jib.  of  pearl- 
ameiwiilnotri^tttrate^i  hence  Mr- ^'?^* 

HAST! 


JcetUHt  0fthe  RttaCluh. 


PS 


HAtiT^a  Mna^nation  muft  be  lefs  a£)tve. 
Unanfwenbk'  at  thift  rea^>nlng  ieeiot  to  ' 
jot,  I  Aall  detemdne  the  pglnt  bv  experi- 
ment, amd  communicate  to  you  ^he  refult, 
if  it  fliould  be  different  from  the  above 
deduflion.    There  is  another  objection 
to  the  calcareourbalis :  it  is  to  be  appre- 
hended, that  part  of  the  oxymuriate  of ' 
lime  will,  in  tlie  proceTs  of  bleaching  with 
k,  he  decompofed,  and  its  calcareous 
bails  fixed  upon  the  cloth.     In  this  cafe, 
the  ftiifF,  though  white  at  iirft,  will  in  a 
fhort  time  become  yellow ;  or,  if  it  were 
printed,  it  would  be  ftained  in  the  bath 
m  which  the  colours  ai*c  raifed.     I  have 
Rated  this  obje^lion  to  an  eminent  chemift 
of  this  tgwn,  who  differs  from  me  in  opi- 
nion, allegingy  that  the  lime  being  dif- 
folvcd  in  an  acid,  would  prevent'  the  bad 
cffefls  I  apprehended  .from  it.    But  he 
did  not  condder,  that  no  bafis  fur  any 
colour  can  be  applied  to  cloth,  if  that 
baits  be  not  in  ^ual  combination  with 
an  acid.— Such  an  inconvenience,   how- 
civr,  cannot  arife  from  the  ufe  of  the 
exymuriate  of  ootafb.     But  though  the 
aicaline  liquor  be  fuperior  to  Mr.  Ten- 
Nantes  (which  I  am,  however,  inclined  , 
to  think  1%  capable  of  much  improve- 
ment), both  in  point  of  price  and  ftrength, 
yet  it  is  inferior  to  a  fimple  folution  of 
the  oxygenated  muriate   acid'  in   mere 
water.    Nothing  is  cheaper  than  water, 
and  no  other  vehicle  impairs  the  bleaching 
power  of  that  acid  lefs  than  water.    The 
only  inconvenience  lies  in  its  application. 
Thie  fuffbcatiug  vapours  which   efcape 
firora  it,  require  that  it  (hould  be  ufed  in 
dole  veileisy  which  fhould,  however,  be 
h  contrived  aa  to  enable  the  bleacher  to 
work  his  pieces  in  the  liquor,  that  is,  to 
expoiie  every  part  of  them,  to  the  a^ion 
•t  the  1iqnor>  as  otherwife  the  ftuff  would 
be  of  an  uneven  colour.  Having  invented 
an  apparatiit  for  this  purpoS,  I   refer 
your  readers  to  the  laft  volume  of  the 
"  Mamcbejkr  Memoirsi:'  in  which  I  have 
given  to  the  public  a  defcription  of  that 
apparatus.      1  am,  (ir,  your  mod  obe- 
dient iervant)       Theo.  Lewis  Rupp. 

F^r  tbi  i/louibfy  Magasetne* 
S^ifu  Account  of  the  Rotas 

IN  the  year  1657,  Olinr  Cromwell  per- 
cmpforily  diflblved  the  laft  of  .the  re- 
publican parliaments.  He  had  hitherto 
governed  *  canftitutioQally  i    but,   being 

*  Conformaibly  to  the  conftitutioa  fettled 
hy  the  agreement  9li  the  people  at  the  convea- 


cotivinced  that  he  was  no  longer  likely  td 
retain  the  prote^loral  office  with  the  con* 
fentof  the  legiflature,  he  determined  to 
dlfinifs  it,  and  to  attempt  an  undi%uifed 
military   defpotifm.      The    republicans 
took  alarm;  and  the  more  literary  politi* 
cians  B«Qoog  them  colle^ed  into  a  debat* 
in?  fociety,  called  the  Rota,  whofe  Ipc* 
culations  had  for  their  obje^  to  involve 
^  true  idea  ef  the  beit  form  of  govern* 
ment.     •*  Their  difcour/es  of  .ordering  a 
comrttonwealth.  (fays  ,  the   royalift  An- 
thony Wood),  were  .the  moll  ingenious 
and  finart  ever  heard  5  for"  the  arguments 
in  the  parjiament  houfe  weie  but  flat  to 
thofe*    This  gang  had  a  balloting  box» 
and  ballotted  how  things  fli«uld  be  car- 
ried by  way  of  eftay ;  which  not  being 
ufed  or  known  in  England  before,  on  this 
account,  the  room  was  ^ery  evening  very 
fiiH.      Beiide    James    Harrington    and 
Henry  Nevil,  who  were  the  prime  men  •£ 
this  clxtb,   were  Cyriac  Skmher,  Major 
Wildman,  Roger  Coke,  author  of  "  Tke 
DeteSlion  of  the  Four  laft  lUigtis,"''  William 
Petty  and  Maximilian  Betty,  and  a  great 
many  others,  fome  whereof  are  ftill  livings 
The  do^lrine  was  very  taking,  and  the  more 
becaufe  as  to  human  forefight  there  was  no 
poilibility  of  the  king's  return.  Thegreat- 
e(l  of  the  parliament-men  hated  this  rota- 
tion and  balloting,  as  being  againft  their 
power.     Eight  or  ten  were  for  it,    of 
which  number  Henry  Nevil  was  the  one 
who  propofed  it  to  the  houfe,  and  niadc 
it  out  to  the  members,  that  except  they 
embraced  that  fort  of  government,  tbry 
muft  he  ruined.     The  model  of  it  was, 
that  tlte  third  part  of  the  fenate,  or  houfe, 
fliouId  vote  out,  by  ballot,   every  year. 
and  not  be  capable  of  being  ele^ed  again 
.  for  three  years  to  come  5  [o  that  every 
ninth  year  the  fenate  v/ould  be  wholly 
altered.     No  magiilrate  was  to  continue 
above  three  years,   and  ail  were  to  be 
chofen  by  a  fort  of  ballot,  than  which 
nothing  could  be  more  fair  and  impartial 
as  it  was  th^en  thought,  though  oppofed 
by  many,  for  feveral  reafons.*"   It  is  pro- 
bable tnat  Milton  was  a  member  of  the 
Rofa;  fmce  the   fatiucal  attack  on  hit 
"  Rtarfy  and  Eajy  ffa;  to  eftahUJb  a  free 
Conmoniuesdibi"  profeflTes  to  be  the  cen* 
fure  of  the  Rota,  on  Milton^s  piujc^  of 
couilitution. 

After  the  death  of  Cromwell,  thefe 

tioo  of  St.  Albans,  in  November  1647,  coi\- 
firmcd  by  the  fecond  (invention  of  1653,  and 
prociaiffled  in  the  inih-ument  of  governmsnt. 
Fairfax  preiided  in  the  firft,  Barebooes  in  the 
feceni  of  thcfc  €OQVcationa* 

pdiiicii 


3^ 


Rota  ClHb.....Ladf  7ft  Mif^aiufs  Letters. 


^Htical  philofo^hert  g&ve  g^reatpttblicity* 
f»  their  proceedinrt .    In  the  worki  of 
Han'tngton,  the  foiiowing  inembrandum 
df  one  of  their  meetings  it  prefcrvcd. 
«  At  the  Ron,  December  io>  1659. 

«*  Refolved,  that  tb«  propofer  be  deftred, 

and  U  hereby  dcfircd  to  bring  in  a  model  of  a 

«  frtt  ftate  or  equal  commonweahh  at^^arge,  to 

be  further  debated  by  thii  fociety ;  and  that 

\gk  wdar  thereunto,  it  be  iirft  nrtated. 

'<  Refolvad,  that  the  mo^l  being  pro- 
pofedy  in  print,  fluU  be  fird  ready  and  then 
debated  by  claulei. 

**  Kefolvcd,  that  a  claufe  betng  reui  aver 
nighty  the  debate  thereupon  begin  not  till 
Ihe  next  evening. 

•  ««  Refolrcdy  that  foch  as  -wjll  debate,  be 
^ftred  to  bring  in  their  queries  upon,  or  ob« 
JeAiotis  againft,  the  claufe  in  debate^  if  they 
chink  fity  in  writing. 

<«  Refolved,  that  debate  b^ing  fuifieiently 
had  ttpoo  a  chufe,  the  queftion  be  put  by.  the 
Valloting  boXy  not  any  way  to  determine  of 
ar  meddle  with  the  government  of  thefe  na- 
tioasy  but  to  dircover  the  judgment  of  this 
Ibciety  on  the  beft  form  of  popular  govcrn- 
Ineot  in  abftraft.** 

At  length  this  club  of  law-givers,  this 
eommittee  of  conftitution,  having  agreed 
on  the  model  at  large  of  a  free  ftate,  pro^ 
pofed,  through  Henry  Nevil,  to  the  rc- 
nflembled  fragment  of  the  too  celebrated 
long  parliamenty  to  appoint  a  committee 
to  receive  Mr,  Harrington's  propofals 
ibr  fettling  the  government  of  this  coun- 
try.  He  a^Tigned  as  the  reaf?n  for  his 
motion,  that  the  faircft  way  of  introduc- 
ing a  government  is,  that  it  be  firftipro- 
roicd  to  cpnvi<5lion,  before  it  be  impofed 
y  power :  and  he  further  recommended, 
that  to  the  committee  of  the  houfe  might 
be  added  one  hundred  perfons  (who  were 
named^  as  of  fuch  judgment  and  autho- 
rity,  that  they  being  convinced,  the  plan 
'  mull  needs  have  an  healing  cfitGt.  So 
great  v^s  the  reputation  of  this  difinter< 
tiled  and  pltriotic  fociety  for  learning,  for 
talent,  and  for  eloquence,  that  it  htcame 
ai  oueftion,  whether  it  were  more  honour- 
i,ble  to  bdlong  to  the  Rota,  or  to  the 
fociety  of  Virtnofi.  The  members  of  the 
Rota  threw  in  the  teeth  of  their  rivalsy 
that  they  had  an  excellent  faculty  of  mag- 
nifying a  lonfe  and  dimlni(hing  a  com- 
ttoDwealth.  When  the  perfidy  of  Gene- 
ral George  Monk  had  accomplilhcd  the 
Reiloration,  Charles  II.  revenged  this 
epigram,  by  erefting  the  Virtuofi  into  a 
Royal  Society }  by  difperfing  the  mem- 
cbers  of  the  Rota ;  and  by  exiling  Har- 
rington for  lifcy  to  the  ailaad  of  Saint 
.Nicholas, 


79  tbi  EJitorqfOeMmtijf  Jfiyndb) 

SIR, 

YOUR    anecdote    concemuij;  tMf 
Wbrtley  Mdntaffue,  contarning  the 
afTej-tion — *'  When  the  publication  vai 
about  to  take  place,  Lora  5«te;  whoha4 
married  her  daughter,  fent  for  the  editor, 
and  offered  one  hundred  pounds  to  fup* 
prefs  them.       The  man  took  the  money, 
promlfed — and  publilhcd," — is  a  poli 
miftake.  My  worthy  and  intimate  friend, 
the  rev.  Benjamin  Sowdcn,  of  Rotterdam, 
who  died  durinor  the  American  contefty 
informed  me,  in  £me  of  thofe  annual  vifitt 
he  paid  to  Ipfwich  (where  I  wat  oner 
fettled),  and  to  London,  to  the  fpttowicj 
purpofc  :    When  Lady 'Mary  Wortlcjr 
Montague  was  returning  fhwn  thfc  Conti- 
nent to  England,  flic  refided  for  a  while  at 
Rotterdam,  waiting  for  a  ae  guft  fri^tc 
to  bring  her  fafcly  over,  as  it  was  a  time 
of  war.     During  her   flay  Mr.  Sowdea 
waited  upon  her.     His  good  fenfe,  agree- 
able convcrDtion,  and   fuitablc  cond\2ft 
were  fo  pleafmg  to  her  ladvfliip,  that  (he 
made  him  a  prefent  of  her  manufcript 
letters  J  and,  in  her  own  hand-writing, 
attefted  her  having  given  them  to  Mr. 
Sowden.      Lady  Bute  having  been  in- 
formed (probably  by  Lady  Montaguc'i 
diaplain),    thit  the  mamifcripts  of  her 
ladylhip   were  in  the  pofTeHton  of  Mr, 
Sowden,    claimed   them   of  him.      He 
confultcd,  if  I  miftake  not,  among  others, 
Mefirs.   Cliffords,    the   bankers.     Lord 
Bute  was  acquainted  with  the  pirtioilar 
donation  of  them  to  Mr.  Sowden.    The 
giving  them  up  was  ftill  nrgid.  '  At 
fcngth  Mcflrs.  Cliffords  ?nd  Mr.  Sowdeo 
concluding,   that  a  proj>cr  acknowledg- 
ment for  fo  valuable  a  manufcript  b'eafurt 
would  undoubtedly  be  madje,  the  Itttfrs 
were  fafely  convfyed  to  Lady  Bute.    Na 
acknowledgrnent  was  made.     The  Icttert 
were  fliorth''  after  pubjiflied,  and  had  an 
amazing  Cifc. '   This  raiiied  the  fpirits  ci 
Meffrs.  Cliffords  and  Sowden,  and  fuch 
meafures  were  taken,  that  the  latter  was 
prcfcntcd  with  tlirce  hundred  pounds.   It 
was  at  length  difcovered,  tbat  a  Scotch- 
man, who  was  to  enjoy  the  whole  profits 
of  the  impreflion,  paid  the  three  hundred 
pounds,     I  remember,  that  meeting  Mr. 
Sowdfn  afterwards  at  Mr.  JieldH,  the 
bookfeller,  the  latter  faid  to  the  fonner, 
if  we  had  poffelled  the  publllhing  and  file 
of  them  jointly,    we  Ihould  each  have 
gotten  three  hundred  pounds. 

Si,  Niofjf        Your  humble  rcnrant, 
Jhril$,   179S.  WXI.LXAM  GORPOIf* 


On  Sonnets  and  the  Word  «  Afpeit".... Quakers, 


3^7 


To  the  E^tor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

N  the  ingenious  hints  on  verfificatioQ, 
p.  263,  Mr.  Dyer  i*  certainly  mif- 
len  when  ha  fays  that  Milton  intro- 
ccii  tiie  Tonne t-roeafure  into  England, 
v.'^as  ingrafted  \ipon  our  ftock  of  na- 
)nal  poefy  at  leaft  a  century  before,  by 
cnry,  Earl  of  Surry,  who  celebrated 
i  Geraldine,  a  lady  of  Florentine  ex- 
iiJHon,  in  the  Peti-archian  ftanza.  It  was 
opted  with  <?agemefs  by  the  numerous 
litators  of  our  "  firft  claflical  poet  5" 
id  appeai't  to  have  been  as  favourite  a 
':cies  of  composition  in  the  age  of  Eli- 
ibcth  as  it  is  at  the  prefcnt  day :  fince 
any  centuries  of  fonnets,  amatory,  cn- 
.ni;  lUc,  fentimental,  and  fpiritual,  were 
ibliflied  near  the  clofe  of  her  reign. 
uilng  that  of  James  (though  he  had 
en  a  Ibnncttcer)  the  falhion  leems  to  have 
xlined;  and  Milton,  therefoiv,  rather 
■vived  than  introduced^  that  Italian 
lode  of  metrical  drcfs  j  which,  however 
nbecoming  on  many  occafions,  almoil  all 
ur  modem  poets  have  condelcended  to 
•'ear. 

At  p.  464.  col.  2.  Mr.  DrER  has 
ommitted  another  flight  miftake,  in 
barging  Milton  with  a  fault  which  is 
mputable  to  the  aera.  at  which  hp  lived, 
riic  word  afpefl  was,  before  his  time, 
iniformly  accented  upon  the  laft  fyllabie. 
n  my  refearches  amone  the  works  of  our 
11  licr  verfiBers,  one  folitary  inftance  only 
is  occurred  of  a  contrary  ufage,  which 
nay  be  coniidered  as  a  mere  exception  to 
I  generally. eftabliftied  rule.  Dr.  Far- 
••fR,  in  his  wclUknown  Eflay,  doubts 
•vhtthcr  aJpeBf  in  any  fenfe  of  the  word, 
i^as  ever  accented  on  the  fii-fl  fyllabie  in 
'he  time  of  Shakefpeare  :  and  he  alludes 
fo  a  paflage  in  Hudibras,  where  even 
B'lrler  followed  the  ancient  accentua- 
tion— 

"  As  if  the  planet's  firft  afi-'^ 
The  tender  infant  did  infc^." 

Part  IL  I.  941. 

This  very  accent,  he  adds,  hath  trou- 
Mcd  the  annotators  on  Milton,  jyr, 
Kr  STLEY  obferves*t  to  be  •*  a  tone  dif^ 
5  -nt  from  the  prefent  ufe  5*'  and  Mr, 
M  MNWARiNC  remarks,  in  his  **  Trealife 
K[  Harmony  and  Number s^""  that  the  line 
tited  by  Mr.  DybR  is  «*dcfeaive  both 
in  accent  and  quantity,  a  fyllabie  being 
acutcd  and  long,  whicn  ought  to  be  graved 
^ni  fhort."  Thefe  gentlemen  have  not 
Jj^in  fufficiently  aware  that  Milton  af- 
icv^ttd  the  antique. 

Monthly  Mao.  No.  xxxx, 


Mr.  D.  I  truft,  will  pardon  the  mi- 
nutenefs  of  thefe  obfei-vations,  and  may 
probably  concur  witli  the  writer  in  think- 
ing it  unfafe  to  follow  the  track  of  any 
critical  predcceffor,  without  a  careful  ex- 
amination of  the  ground  on  which  he 
trod.     I  am,  &c. 

Mcy  4.  S.  K. 


To  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

A  CORRESPONDENT,  in  your  laft 
Magazine,  has  been  anxious  to 
exculpate  the  fociety  of  Friends,  or. 
Quakers,  from  the  charge  of  deifm 
brought  againil  them  by  Hume,  Guthrie, 
and  others.  It  is  indeed  unjuftifiable  in 
writers  of  their  clals,  to  have  mifreprc- 
fented,  in  various  ways,  a  very  refpc6la« 
ble  body  of  people,  concerning  whom  they 
had  the  power  of  obtaining  the  moil  ac- 
curate information. 

If,  according  to  the  fenfe  of  the  term 

fcnerally  retcived,  deifm  confifts  in  "  ac- 
nowlcdglng  the  exiftence  of , one  God, 
the  creator  and  prefcrvcr  of  the  univerfe  5 
and  in  following  the  light  and  law  of  na- 
ture, to  the  exclufion  of  all  revealed  re- 
ligion, the  Friends  are  certainly  not 
Deifts  : — for  they  allow  of  divine  revela^^ 
tion  to  a  much  greater  extent  than  any 
other  denomination  of  Chriftians. 

Perhaps,  Mr.  Editor,  we  might  claft 
them  better,  were  we  permitted  to  efta- 
blifli  two  kinds  of  Dciih;  x  ft.  Thofe  of 
natural  religion,  idly.  Dei  ft  s  of  revela- 
tion ;  the  former  bein^  as  above  ftated  j 
the  latter  acknowledgmg  one  perfeft  and 
eternal  God  (not  compofcd  of  different 
perfons,  as  the  majority  of  Chriftiana 
would  perfuade  themfelves);  and  believ- 
ing that  his  will  has  been  revealed  to  man- 
kind at  fundiy  times,  and  tluough  a 
number  of  individuals. 

The  Quakers  are  clearly  not  Trinita* 
rians  :  they  never  perfonify  the  holy  Spi- 
rit, but  confider  it  as  an  attribute  of 
God,  or  an  emanation  from  him,  which 
enlightens  men  beyond  the  extent  of  na- 
turju  reafon,  and  gives  them  an  inward 
fenfe  or  conicioufnefsof  the  divine  wilU 
I.  N.  however,  aflerts  they  do  recognize 
<*  the  divinity  of  Clirift,  the  Sen  of  God, 
the  Mefliah,  the  Word,  the  Mediator  of 
the  new  Covenant  :**  but  how  do  they  ac- 
knowledge it,  Mr.  Editor? — becaule  Je- 
fus  Chrift  **  is  the  wifdom  and  power  of- 
God  unto  falvation."  This,  Sir,  is  al- 
lowing Chrift' s  divinity  in  words :  but 
the  elucidation  of  the  diitig  completely 

Utt  ictf 


Sa8 


R0Ugious  Opinionsy  lie.  of  fakers Biondt. 


ieti  it  tUdc,  by  conftituting  the  *word  cf 
CoJf  not  a  pcribn,  bu*^,  as  ha»  alre^idy 
been  laid  of  the  holyS^)int,  an  attribute 
©f  the  Deity,  and  hi*  power  txcittd  in  a 
particular  diiedUon,  or  to  a  particular 
cud. 

We  may  conclude,  therefore,  that  the 
Quakers,  according  to  the  dilHnflion 
aboVc  made,  are  Deijh  of  Re^vclatiorti 
nearly  a<2;reeing  in  their  leading  tenet 
vritK  the  Socinians,  or  Unitarians,  though 
they  differ  from  them  in  points  of  difci- 
pline^  and  with  refpe5l  to  the  miniftry. 
This  ionclulion  at  leall  is  deduciblc 
from  I.  N.'s  ftatemcnt,  which  fecms 
taken  from  the  Friend's  laft  thoughts  on 
the  fubjeft*,  publlfhed,  I  believe,  by 
order  of  the  fccicty. 

It  mull,  ho-.vevcr,  be  confefled,  that 
individual  writers  of  the  focicty  give  dif- 
ferent views  of  the  point  in  qucftion. 
dome  acknowledging  the  Trinity,  though 
faintly  and  rath.-r  evafively  5  others,  from 
what  they  have  laid,  and  from  the  quota- 
tions they  have  carefully  felcii^c  d,  appear 
Aiore  inclined  to  the  Arian  do£liinc}  but 
the  greater  number  fcem  defirous  of  wav- 
ing the  quvftion  altogether,  or,  in  fpeak- 
Ing  of  it,  content  therafelves  with  bring- 
ing forwaid  fomc  very  general  texts  of 
fcripture. 

From  a  fliynefs  in  the  Friends,  of  com- 
paring idea's  on  thefc  fubje6ls  with  other 
profelfors  of  chriilij^nity,  and  from  their 
folding  the  fcriptures  only  in  a  fecondary 
degree  of  eftiin:ition  ("  Jefus  Chrlft,  and 
Aot  the  fcriptuie,  bein::;,"  according  to 
them,  "  thj  word  of  God*'),  fome  fuf- 
picion  of  heterodoxy  hr.s  at  all  times  at- 
tached to  their  lldl.  By  maintaining  that 
none  can  rightly  \mdeiftand  or  profit  by 
the  fcripturei,  excipt  thofe  who  read 
them  under  the  influence  of  the  fame  fpi- 
tit,  as  was  communicated  to  the  pro{5hets, 
or  evangclifts,  in  writing  them  ;  and  that 
men,  at  this  day,  maybe  fo  immediately 
ifluated  and  enlightenttt  by  divine  infpi- 
/ation,  that  no  external  tcuchor  whatever 
c^m  be  requifite  for  rhem  j  they  not  only 
dimim/h  the  importance  of  the  fcripture 
t^  a  rule  oKprahice,  bur  llcm  to  render, 
in  fome  mviifure,  urnectflfAiy  t'uc  rcvcla- 
f ton  therein  contained.  Hence,  the  Ca- 
kliolics,  Lntherans,  and  m:;nv  members 
cf  the  church  of  En£::'ind,  not  attending 
properly  to  tiic  motle  in  which  the  Friends 
qtnlify  their  dr>ft*  inrs,  denounce  thera 
without  befi(ation,  ai.d  unjuftly  arrange 

•  In  a  Sammary  Vif  w  of  the  Do^rinrs  atu) 
WCcxp!ii»c  ot  the  F topic  cailcU  ^^ake-r^,  &c. 


the  profefTors  of  them  among  the  %A 
kind  of  Deifts. 

It  is  fcarcely  poflible,  Mr.  Editor,  for 
a  perloB  not  a  member  of  the  focietv,  to 
be  acquainted  with  every  circumiance 
relating  to  it.  Should  there  be  any  mif- 
ftatement  in  what  has  been  faid,  I  fliall  be 
very  happy  to  fee  it  correfted  j  and  am 
confident  it  would  afford  fatistadtion  to 
many  others,  to  fee  the  opinion  of  the 
fociety  more  explicitly  detailed  than  it 
has  yet  been,  relpcfting  the  points  above 
mentioned.  If  it  (hould  appear  that  the 
Friends,  as  a  body,  have  no  efiMjhi 
creeds  no  Jyfiem  at  all,  but  leave  indivi- 
dual members  to  interpret  nice  fai plural 
points  for  themfelves,  as  well  as  they 
may  be  enabled,  I  fee  no  harm  there 
Would  be  in  openly  avowing  this.  Who 
will  not  think  it  better  to  do  fo,  than  en- 
deavour to  enforce  a  belief,  the  term*  of 
which  can  fcaicely  be  underftood,  under 
the  threatened  penalty  of  temporal  futfer- 
ance,  or  eternal  damnation  ? 

A  free  conmiunication  on  thefe  fub- 
jeas,  from  fome  enlightened  Friend, 
would,  I  think,  be  highly  fatisfaaor>' to 
the  public,  and  might  give  additionai 
reputation  to  the  fociety,  which  is  al- 
ready fo  much  admired  for  its  correftnefs, 
and  for  its  exemplary  internal  difciplme. 
The  fociety  can  now  boaft  of  many  emi- 
nent literarv  characters,  both  male  and 
female:  ancl  furely  the  informaticn  de- 
fireable  could  in  no  wife  be  diffufed  to  a 
greater  extent  than  through  the  channel 
of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 

Hermtage^  May  7 ,  x  79S .  M.  N. 

To  the  E£tor  of  the  MontUy  Magasaat. 

SIR, 

YOtJR  Corrcfpondent  T.  Y.  in  your 
Mifcellany  for  laft  March,  ijpeaki 
of  BionJi,  an  hiftorian  recommended  to 
young  ftudents  by  the  Spanifh  poet,  Bcr- 
nafdino  de  Rcbolledo,  ««  as  a  name  witi 
which  be  is  unacquainted.'*  ft  nr.sy, 
therefore,  be  an  acceptable  piece  of  infcrm- 
atl-^n  to  him,  and  to  your  other  readrr«, 
to  be  told,  that  Biondi,  or  rathtr  ?r 
Giovanni  Francifco  Biondi,  wasanarye 
of  Lidiina,  au  idand  rf  Dalmatla,  in  tT,t 
guJph  of  Venice.  Sir  Henry  Vottoa, 
the  amba(r*dor  there,  introduced  him  i» 
the  notice  of  King  James  the  Fijft»  t)y 
v'hotn  he  was  empToycd  on  fecrct  con* 
mifHyns  to  the  Duke'^of  Savoy.  He  waJ 
afterwaids  honoured  with  the  knigK^- 
hoc/d,  and  made  gentleman  of  the  h-- 
cbaiiiber  to  King  Charles  the  Firft,  '«> 
whom  he  dedicated  the  hiftwW  ^■''^. 


The  Snail  an  Animal  of  Prey Tour  in  America, 


3^ 


which  gave  him  celebrity,  entitled  "  An 
Hipry  of  the  Civil  IVars  of  England ,  be-. 
tiv<fn  the  fioo  Houfes  cf  Lancojter  and 
l^k*.""  It  was  writtcrt  in  Italian,  in 
three  volumes  j  and  a  tranflation  of  it  into 
Engllfli,  by  Henry  Gary,  Earl  of  Mon- 
mouth, in  two  volumes^  thin  folio,  wasi 
publifhcd  in  1641.  Biondi  died  in  1644. 
Taunton ^  April  14,  1798.  J.  T. 

7b  the  Editor  of  tie  Monthly  Magazine* 
SIR,  » 

IHA VE  it  in  my  power  to  add  a  con- 
current teftimony  to  the  circumftancc 
related  in  the  inftniftive  Journal  of  V.  F. 
in  his  late  tour  into  Yorkfliirc  and  Lan- 
cafhire  (tdI.  4.  p.  457. )>  which  added  to 
the  number  of  animals  of  prey. 

In  the  month  of  June  laft,  as  I  was 
walking  on  the  Town  Moor  in  an  even- 
ing, I  law  a  large  black  fnail  lying  ob- 
liquely over  the  back  of  a  half-grown 
frog,  and  apparently  devouring  its  left 
(houlder.  The  novelty  of  the  circum- 
ftance  induced  me  to  difplace  the  fnail, 
and  I  then  faw  that  it  had  eaten  very 
deep,  and  the  wound  was  little  fliort  of 
half  an  inch  in  diameter,  and  qnite  fire/h. 
Theflcinof  the  frog  appeared  as  if  it  had 
been  dead  one  day,  or  longer,  of  courfe 
it  is  dubious  whether  the  fnail  had  at- 
tacked it  when  living,  or  fimply  feized  it 
when  dead.  I  own  I  am  inclined  to  the 
fonmcr  idea,  as  I  know  that  fnails  have 
the  power  of  raifing  themfelves  on  their 
hinder  parts,  and  throwing  themfelves 
forward  as  far  as  their  bodies  will  admit, 
which  you  know  are  capable  of  great 
protrufion  ;  and  alfo  becaufe  the  poution 
of  the  fnail  was  fuch  as  does  not  militate 
with  what  would  have  taken  place,«n  the 
conlequent  attempt  of  the  frog  to  efcape 
his  airiilant,  the  head  of  the  linil  being 
on  the  left  (houlder  of  the  frog,  and  its 
body  crofling  juft  before  its  right  thigh. 
I  am,  &c. 

NetAJcaJIU.   __^__,___         W.  C. 

For  tke  Monthly  Magazine. 
Journey ^«  New-York  /<»  Phila- 
delphia and  the  B».andywin£*  in 
the  State  of  Penxsylvania. 

MR.  EDITOR, 

THE   following  obfervatiouR,   made 
during  an  cxcnrtion    from'  New- 
i  orlc  into  the  interior  of  Chefter-county, 

,t  CrangCT's  Biographical  Hjftory  of  Eng- 
luaJ,  V.  1.  p.  56.  and  Kfortimer*s  **  Stu:J'*rt's 
Pocket  Piaionary,'*'  and  Biondi^s  «*.Hiftory.'' 


Pcnnfylvania,  you  are  vs'elcome  to  inlert 
in  your  valuable  Mifcellany. — On  their 
fidelity  you  ir.ay  rely.  I  am,  Sir,  your's. 
Sec,  Campolidb.  • 

LcnJoTiy  Afril,  1798. 

On  the  16th  May,  1794,  leaving  the 
inttrefting  city  of  New- York,  I  took  my 
pafiagc  fur,  PauUis-Iiook,  in  one  of  the 
barks  that  coniVantly  ply  between  the  twf» 
Stares.  A  fmart  breeze  fooa  caiTied  iw 
acrofs  their  Yiatural  boundary — the  mar- 
jeilic  and  rapid  .Hudfon,  or  North  river, 
and,  for  the  firit  time,  I  trod  on  the  Jer^ 
fey  fliore,  wholii  romantic  borders  I  had 
fo  oft  contemplated  in  diivant  pcrfpeftivc, 
from  tlic  delightful  walk  on  the  battery. 
We  were  no  Iboncr  landed  than  the  ftage 
was  ready  to  convey  us  on  our  purpoied 
journey  to  Philadelphia,  diftant  95  miles. 
Thefe  carriages  are  in  reality  very  little 
better  than  covered  caiis,  relembling  tlie 
caravans  ui'ed  in  fome  of  the  weftera 
counties  of  England,  and,  like  them,  ex* 
pofed  in  front  to  the  duft  and  inclemencies 
of  the  weather.  Seated  therein  on  woodea 
benches,  placed  very  dole  behind  each 
other,  and  miferably  ftraitened  for  want 
of  room  J  you  arc  charged  an  exorbitant 
fare  .  (conliderine  the  wretched  accom* 
modations)  j  and  if  perchance  you  ride  in 
one  of  thefe  I'ery  pUafint  vebtcles  during 
a  heavy  lain,  it  is  ten  to  one  you  get  » 
complete  foaking,  as  they  are  rather  apt  to 
leak  at  tiie  interlUces.  U  it  not  furprifing, 
that  on  a  road  fo  much  frequented,  they 
do  not  introduce  the  Englifn  ftages,  and 
poft-chaifes ;  but  thefe,  as  well  as  other 
improvements,  will  doubtlcfs  progreflively 
take  place  among  a  people  already  fo  en- 
lighten^'d,  and  defircus  cf  mciiovating 
their  condition.  We  paflcd  fcvcral  pow- 
erful dreams  in  the  courfc  of  the  journey, 
the  Hudfon,  the  Raritan,  the  Seconds 
river,  and  the  Delaware.  The  incom- 
modious ferries  acrofs  thefe  rivers,  and 
the  tottering  and  narrow  wooden  bridget 
ovt-r  the  maHhes  and  ilrearalets,  were 
both  hazardous  and  unplealant,  and  the 
occafionof  much  anavoi^tiblc  delay  5  but 
the  myriads  of  mofquito*,  or  gnat*,  were 
infinitely  more  vexatious  than  any  impe- 
diments in  the  route.  The  firft  place  we 
pafilrd  through  was  Bergen,  an  inconii- 
derable  vilbV^t*;  the  nifxt  was  Newark 
(nine  miles  from  New- York),  where  an 
elegant  church  and  its  tali  fpirc  attra6led 
our  notice,  as  much  as  tlie  vay  neat  and 
modem  appearance  cf  the  tovt'n  itfclf ; 
moft  of  the  houfes  being  prettily  built*  of 
wood,  and  fancii'uliy  painted  on  the  eut- 
fid,;s.  The  envinoat  are  fiuitftil  iaappleii 


S3P 


yourneyff^m  New  Tori  to  Philadelphia. 


and  the  cyder  Is  celebrated  throughout 
America  for  its  excellence.  The  river 
Hackinfack)  and  the  branches  communi- 
cating with  it,  are  in  this  neighbourhood. 
In  this  morning's  ride  we  traverfed  many 
extenfive  marlhes,  which  in  the  warm 
feafon  breed  abundance  of  noxious  ver- 
min and  infe6l8,  the  moiquito  eipeciaily : 
however,  on  the  increafe  of  population, 
and  conftquent  culture,  thole  mar/hy 
grounds  will  probably  be  drained,  and 
converted  into  ufefiil  pafture-land. 

Eliiabeth-town,  fix  miles  beyond  New- 
ark, foon  claimed  our  attention,  fuperior 
to  it  in  fize,  and  not  inferior  in  modem 
beauty;  though  from  its  low  fituation 
upon  the  cliannel  of  the  fta,  feparating 
the  main-ls^ld  from  Staten-Ifie,  it  is  ra- 
ther expofed  to  floods.  Aftcnvards  we 
came  to  Woodbridge  and  Brunfwick, 
fmall  places,  hardly  defei*ving  the  appel- 
lation of  tovnis  i  the  latter,  however,  has 
a  good  inn,  where  we  dined;  here  we 
palfed  a  ferry  over  the  Raritan,  feventeen 
miles  beyond  which  is  Prince-town ; 
where  our  party  alighting  to  take  re- 
frefhment  and  change  horles,  I  embraced 
the  opportunity  of  vifiting  the  college,  or 
feminary  for  the  education  of  youth ;  a 
fpacious  and  not  inelegant  edifice,  well 
endowed.  Several  handibme  houles  give 
the  town  a  chearful  look;  the  church 
adds  alfo  to  its  beauty.  The  fite  of  this 
place  being  more  elevated  than  Elizabeth- 
town,  renders  it  pleafanter  and  more 
healthful :  the  adjacent  country  is  agree- 
ably diverfified  with  cultivated  riiing- 
grounds;  a  pleafing  novelty  after  palling 
hitherto  through  fo  dead  a  fiat :  though 
occafionally  interfpecTed  with  fome  ftrong 
crops  of  Indian-corn,  rye,  and  clover, 
promifing  amply  to  repay  the  huiband- 
man*s  toil,  and  cheer  his  drooping  fpiritt 
after  his  daily  expofure  to  fuch  a  burning 
fun.  Our  English  farmers  and  cottagers 
are  but  too  little  fenlible  of  the  advantages 
refulting  from  a  mild  and  temperate 
clime.  From  Prince- town  to  Trenton  on 
the  Delaware,  and  beyond  it  to  Phila- 
delphia, a  fine,  o^en,  champaign  coun- 
try prelented  itfelf  oft  every  fide,  bound- 
ed only  by  the  horiton.  The  conditions 
of  the  farms  In  this  State  appeared  Ilo- 
venly  in  compai'ifon  of  thole  of  England, 
or  even  of  the  diftrift  of  Flat-Buih,  on 
I-ong-Ifland.  The  bridges  were  indiffer- 
ent;  but  the  fences  (in  lieu  of  hedges), 
artly  of  ftone,  partly  of  wood,  were 
etter  than  we  had  been  accuftomcd  to 
in  New- York  and  Long  Ifland.  Few 
gentlemen's  icats,  if  any,  were  pcrceiv- 
ablej  till  we  rcach<xl  the  cou&aet  of  the 


I 


State  bordering  on  Pennfyivanla,  alpoj; 
the    beautiful  banks  of  the  Delaware  j 
where   the  governor's    houfe  (of  New- 
Jerfey),  and  Mr.  Morris's,  of  Philadel- 
phia, ,  adorned  the  rural  fccne.   The  wea- 
ther being  cool  and  ferene,  had  enhanced 
the  pleafurc  of  the  jouniey ;  but  by  no 
means  loth  to  cfcape  from  fo  cramped  a).d 
jolting  a  fituation  as  the  machine  we  tra- 
velled in,  I  alighted  gladly  at  Trenton, 
where  we  flept — the  dittance  65  miles  from 
New- York— a  tolei-able   day's  journey, 
confidering   the    many  tirefomc  fien-ics. 
The  inns  on  the  road  are  rather  high  in 
their  charges,  but,  the  accommodations 
might  be  reckoned  good  by  travellers  not 
over  fallidious,   were  it  not  for  a  yik 
cuftom,  common  throughout  the  Unitid 
States,  of 'flowing  two  or  three  men  in  i 
bed  }  and  from  the  repugnance  of  an  Eng- 
liihman  to  conform  to  this  hoggiihfafhion, 
they  inftantly  difcover  IxW  country !  How- 
ever, you  fcldom  exuericnce  any  difEcuky 
in  obtaining  a  coucti  to  yourftlf  j  making 
allowance  for  a  retinue    of   unwelcome 
gentry,  bugs,  fleas,  and  mofqultos,  all 
of  which,  and  fwanns  of  flies,  pefterone 
during  the  hot  months,  along  the  whole 
extent  of  the  low-lands  ia  the  maritime 
States.  The  peafantry,  whom  I  had  feen 
at  work  in  the  fields  and  villages,  and  the 
domeftics  in  the  towns,  were  moftly  nc- 
groes  :  and  I  could  not  but  remark  their 
good-natured  civility,  contrafled  with  die 
churlifhnefs  and  furly  mien  of  the  lowtr 
clafles   of  whites.     Has  republicaniiin  a 
tendency  to  make  them  rude,  fulky,  and 
arrcg;mt?   For  I  conftantly  found  that 
temper  prevailing  among  the  commooaltyi 
both  in  town  and  country,  throughout 
thcfe  midland   States:    very  unlike  the 
chearful  good  humour  and  obliging  dii- 
pofition,  chara^crizing  the  fame  lanksls 
various  parts  of  Europe.      As  for  the 
American  gentry,  they  arc  difliiiguiihcd 
by   the   fame  comtefy  and  urbanity  of 
manners,  as  the  well-cducatcU  elfewherc. 
The  Ncw-Jerfeyans,  whom  I  law,  were, 
for  the  moft  part,  meagre,  hard-featored, 
tall,  and  fun-burnt ;  the  women  ftrdiaanr, 
coarfe,  and  ill-clad  (I  fpeak  of  the  com- 
mon people);  no  alluring  bloom  on  their 
cheeks,  or  clear  wholefomc  complexionsi 
nor  the  finait  lively  air  and  becoming  at- 
tire,  fo   bewitchingly  attra£live  in  the 
Englilb  and  the  Swifs  females. 

On  the  17th  (May),  fetting  off  early 
in  the  morning  from  Tmkton,  skioTs  die 
Delaware,  we  breakfaflcd  at  a  vilUgs 
fen  miles  further  on — ^thc  very  re?erfc  ei 
its  commercial  aamefake — ^BriftoL  Wi 
founUt  howaYtr9  a  ^Qmk€t9bk  ii»p  p^ci- 

imily 


Tour  in  Pennfyhanta. 


J3» 


Vntly  fcttcd  on  the  Delawai-e,  and  com- 
nanding  a  fine  view  of  Burlington  (the 
spiral  of  fJew-Jerfcy)  on  the  oppofxtc 
idc  of  the  river  j    on    whol«  expanfive 
vaters,  and  fertile  banks  enriched  with  a 
^arlcfy  of  vegetation,  the  eye  dwelt  with 
ilfafare!  For  it  is  fatista<5tory  to  bthold 
he  induftrious  hand   of  man   fertilizing 
II  aroilnd  him,  and  thus  fecondlng  the 
lounteous  intentions  of  nature.       The 
lorning  air,  as  ufual  at  this  feafon,  was 
ery  chilly,  but  towards  noon  it  became 
rinpcrately  warm,    the   flcy  unclouded, 
Mth  a  moft   refreihing   breeze  blowing 
rom  the  Delaware. 
On  entering  the  powerful  and  flourifli- 
ig  State  of  Pennfylvania,  the  alteration 
)  the  face  of  the  country  and  apjiearance 
i  the  people,  was  evidently  for  the  bet- 
Tj   particularly  in  the  condition  of  the 
rabie  lands,  and  the  fubilantial  goodncfs 
f  the  farm-houfes,  folidly  built  of  ftone, 
nth   capacious   barns   and   out-ofhces  : 
le  whole  apparently  not  inferior  to  the 
enerality  in  the  mother-country.     The 
ridges    wot   better,     but    thj    fences 
ot  lb  good  as  in  tlie  iiAer-ftate  we  had 
ft.     Immortal  Pcnn !    I  could  ahnoft 
mcy  I    dilcerned   thy   venerable    Hiade 
overing  over  the  placid  ilrcam  of  the 
Jckware,  and  pointing  to  the  fair  me- 
opolis,  indebted  to  thee  for  its  founda- 
on !  Thy  tutelaiy  genius,  even  at  this 
our,  difpenfing  wifdom  and  benevolence 
>  the  numerous  and  peaceable  fraternity, 
popling  thy  fertile  colony!     Sage  and 
irtuous    legiflator,    uue  father  of   thy 
ice !  How  pre-eminent  is  thy  name,  cora- 
arcd  with    thofe  proud   fpoilcrs  fallely 
rnominated    heroes  —  wretches,  whole 
aiids,  imbrued  in  human  gore,  lead  the 
>ols   around  them  to  flaughtcr  and  de- 
iilation,  with  the  inlidious  lure  of  glory 
ud  renown!    But  let  us  revert  to  the 
lore  alluring  contemplation  of  nature, 
:id  her  never-ceafing  variety.  Thccoun- 
y   we  pafled  through  fccmed  tolerably 
:)vered   with  farms    and  cottages,    and  . 
rofufely  with  woods,    copfes,  and  or- 
laids.  In  tlic  former,  the  oak,  the  hick- 
ry,  and  the  maple,  appeared  to  predo- 
iiriate.    In  the  latter,  the  apple  an  i  the 
tp.ch-tree,   which  not  unfrequently  are 
en  planted  along- fide  the  roads,  and  in 
le  fields  and  fences.  To  my  regret,  the 
me  of  bloiToming  was  over ;  not  that 
le  vernal  feafon  commences  earlier  there 
ran  in  England,  but  the  progrefs  of  ve- 
etation  ia  the  American  climate  is  in- 
nitely  more  rapid:    it  burfts  as  it  were 
Y  enchantment  from  the  icy  chains  of 
intcr^  to^K^dt'the  latur  and  of  March, 


or  beginning  of  April,  when  the  whole 
country  fuddenly  aflumes  the  vivid  hue* 
of  fjjring,  and  gives  a  glad  promifc  of 
plenty  j  but  the  fubfequent  nipping 
frofts,  and  keen  north -welters,  too  often, 
blaft  the  flattering  prolpefl. 

I  was  not  a  tittle  entertained  at   the 
motley  troupe  in  the  carriage,  which  con- 
fifted  of  a  member  of  congrcfs  (General 
Freyiinghuylen,  one  of  the   fenaiors  of 
Ncw-Jerfey),  two  ladies,  a  young  white 
woman,  a  negro-girl,  a  French  emigrant, 
a  Philadclphian,  a  couple  of  New-Eng- 
landcrs,    and    myfclf.      The  general,    ^ 
fenfible,  affable  man,  of  mild  and  polite 
demeanour,    w?s  not   inattentive  to  the 
reft  of  his  fellow-travellers ;    no  fuper- 
cilious  air  did  heaflume,  todifcredit  that 
rational  equality  the  Americans  alone  are 
acquainted   with,   and  judicioufly  know 
how  to  realize  and   pra<5life.     The'Ncw- 
Englanders  having   feen  much  of  their 
own  country,  contributed,  by  their  com- 
municative turn  and  liberality  of   opi- 
nions, largely  to  my  amufement  and   in- 
formation,   and  to   beguile   the   palHn^   » 
time :  whilft  poor  Varico,  contented  with 
her  neighbours,  looked  perfeflly  happy, 
though  illence  humbly  dwelt  on  her  lips. 
During  this,  and  other  excurfions  in  the 
midland-ftates,  I  noticed  feveral  kinds  of 
biixis,  of  various  and  beautiful  plumage, 
peculiar   to   the    North -American    con- 
tinent, viz.  the  Virguiian   nightingale; 
the  little  yellow-bird,  refembling  the  ca- 
nary; the  humming-bird,  well  known  in 
the  cabinets  of  our  naturaiifts  for  its  mi- 
nute fonn,    and  for  the  rich  dyes  and 
glofTy  texture  of  its  feathers  j  th«  mock- 
bird,  celebrated  for  its  wonderful  imita-  ' 
tive   powers   of  fong;    the   cat-bird,  fo 
termed  from  the  fimiiarity  of  its  fhrill,  and 
plaintive  cry,  to  thedomeftic  animal  of 
that  name;    the  American  robin,  larger 
than  ours ;    and  the  blue  variegated  jay. 
The  beautiful   red -headed  woodpecker  is 
common  to  both  countries.     In  rambling 
through  the   woods  of  America  at  this 
feafon,  I  was  confirmed   in  the  popular 
opinion,  that  their  feathery  fongfters  are 
neither  fo  numerournoi* To  melodious,  a« 
in  odir  more  temperate  clime  ;  I  had  pre- 
vioufly  fuppofed  this  a  mere  national  pre- 
judice.    Their  cattle  are  inferior,  in  fiie 
and  beauty,  to  their  rcfpe^tive  kinds  in 
England,  but  they  are  faid  to  be  muqjh 
finer  in  the  northern  than  in  the  other 
States  ;  however,  in  Lancafter,  and  fonae 
other  Counties  of  Pennfylvania,  where  the 
German  and    Iri^h    farmers   are    fettled 
(accounted  the  moft  induftrious  and   ex- 
pert in  the  Union},  confiderabl:  improve* 

*   mentg 


EyeTFitntJfes  of  Toads  in  Stones,. ,„Dr.Thomffon. 


33+ 

i'o  the  E£tor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 

siR» 

ONE  of  your  late  correfpondent3  has 
called  iA  qxicftlon  the  truth  of  all 
the  accounts  you  have  given  relpt6\ing 
toads  having  heen  found  alive  in  the 
middle  of  Rones :  and  he  relU  his  ob- 
jeftion  oa  the  ground,  that  the  various 
Illation^  have  all  been  given  at  fecond 
land.  He  calls  for  one  from  an  cye- 
witnefsl  Let  him  take  the  follovving, 
given  by  Anibio:"e  Paie,  chief  iiirgeon 
to  Hem7  III.  king  of  France,  and  a 
man  of  confiduable  infoimation  and  abi- 
lities. 

«  Being  (fays  he)  at  my  feat  near  the 
village  ot  Meudon,  and  overlooking  a 
cuarry-man,  whom  I  had  fet  to  break 
Imt  very  large  and  hard  ftones,  in  the 
middle  of  one  we  found  a  huge  live  toad, 
though  there  was  no  vifiblc  aperture  by 
^ich  it  could  have  got  there.  I  could 
not  help  expreflfing  my  wonder  how  it 
had  been  generated,  had  grown,  and 
lived  ;  but  the  labourer  told  me,  it  was 
not  the  firft  time  he  had  mtt  with  toads 
and  the  like  creatures  within  huge  blocks 
of  ftone,  in  which  there  could  be  found 
no  vifible  opening  or  fiffure." 

Your  doubting  correfpondcnt  may  find 
fimilar  relations  given  by  eye  witnefTes^ 
if  he  will  confult  Bnptifta  Fulgofa,  doge 
of  Genoa;  Agricoia,  Horftius,  Lord 
Vcrulam,  &c. 

In  the  volume  for  1719  of  "  The  Tranf- 
mBhns  of  the  Academy  of  Sciences^  at 
Parish'*  the  following  is  given  : 

<«  In  the  foot  of  an  elm,  of  the  bigncfs  of 
a  pretty  corpulent  man,  three  or  four  feet 
ai>ove  the  root,  anJ  cxJcVly  in  the  center, 
has  been  found  a  live  toad,  middlc-fircJ,  but 
lean,  and  filling  up  the  whole  vacant  fpacc^ 
No  Iconcv  was  a  puflatTc  opened,  by  fplitting 
the  wood,  than  it  i'cuttlcd  away  very  haftily. 
A  more  found  or  firm  elm  never  grew  5  fo 
that  the  toad  cannot  be  fuppofcd  to  have  got 
into  if.  the  egg,  whence  it  was  formed,  muft, 
by  fome  very  fingular  accident,  hivc  been 
lodged  in  the  tree  at  its  firft  growth.  There 
the  creature  had  lived  without  air,  feeding 
•n  the  fubftance  of  the  tree,  and  growing  ©nly 
M  the  trre  grew,." 

This  is  attefted  by  Mr.  Hubert,  pro- 
le(K?r  of  philofophy  at  Caen. 

In  the  volume  for  1731,  M.  Scigne,  of 
Names,  lays  before  the  Academy  a  fa£\ 
juft  of  the  very  fame  nature,  excepting 
that,  Indead  of  an  elm,  it  was  an  oak,  of 
fuch  a  fizei  that  judging  by  the  time 
neccfiary  for  its  growth,  the  toad  muft 
have  fubfifted  in  it  without  air  or  aliment 
4wrlng  80  or  XQO  years. 

But  toads  are  not  the  only  axilnuk 


that  are  fdund  alive  in  ftones :  m  Tonloi 
Harbour,  and  the  Koad,  are  found  foUd 
hard  ftones  and  pertitftly  entiif,  conuin- 
ing,  in  different  cells,  fecluded  from  all 
communication  with  the  air,  feveralliv- 
ing  fhell  fiih  of  an  cxquifitc  tafte,  called 
da£iyli,  or  dates.  To  come  at  thcfc  fiih, 
the  ftones  are  broken  with  mallets. 

Alfo  along  the  coaft  of  Ancona,  in  the 
Adriatic,  are  ftones,  ufually  weighing 
aboyt  fifty  pounds,  and  fomctimts  more, 
the  outfide  rugged  and  cafily  broken,  but 
the  iniide  fo  compaft  and  firm  as  to  re- 
quire a  ftrong  arm  and  an  iroa  mallet  to 
break  them.  Within  them,  and  in  fepa- 
ratc  apertures,  are  found  freall  Ihell  fiA 
quite  alive,  and  very  palateable,  called 
foknas^  or  cappe  lunghe.  Thefe  fa£ls  arc 
attefted  by  GaflTcndi,  Blondrt,  Mayol, 
the  learned  biftiop  of  Siilturara,  and  more 
particubrly  by  Aldrovandi,  a  phyfician 
of  Bologna.  The  two  latter  fncak  of  it 
as  a  ct^mmonly  known  fa^i  and  of  which 
they  thcmfclves  wci-e 

Eye  Witnesses, 


For  the  Monthfy  Magax,hte. 
Cursory  Observations  upon  the 
Siliceous  Incrustations  of  Ita- 
lian Hot  Springs,  and  particular}) 
on  thofe  of  the  «*  Campi  PhlEGR^I,'' 
in  the  Kingdom  of  Naples* 

By  Dr.  Thompjok,  of  Napks. 

(i)npHE  filiceous  dcpofition  of  Gey- 
A  .  Icr,  in  f  celand,  is  become  geik:- 
rally  known,  fince  the  analyfis  of  it  by 
Bergman,  (a)  In  the  fuccecding  au- 
tumn of  1 79 1,  I  communicated  to  the 
Journal  de  Phyfique,  of  Paris,  my  hav- 
ing found  fimilar  incruftations  produced 
from  the  warm  waters  of  the  Lakes  of 
Saflb,  in  Tufcany.  (3)  From  thence 
travelling  by  the  Montamiata  of  Ttil- 
cany,  on  the  mountain  of  Santa  Fiora  in 
the  fame  autunm,  I  found  there  fmall 
filiceous  ftala^Htcs,  ti-anlparent  and  bright 
as  rock  cryftal,  in- iofed  in  the  cavities  4 
a  xtry  hard  lava,  which  on  the  ilighttft 
application  of  fire,  became  opaque,  awl 
appear  like  peails.  (4)  PafTing  the  win- 
ter of  1 79 1  at  Florence,  there  occurred 
to  my  obfervation  a  fmall  Ipccimenof^a 
fimilai-  ftaia6Vite  ihut  up  in  the  cavities  of 
a  certain  hard  lava  of  the  Euganian 
mountains  in  the  Vicefttine ;  and  *ttcr- 
wards  I  acquired  a  fpecimen  of  imnurt 
magnefia,  called,  at  Florence f-gabbnj, 
coming  from  Impnmcta,  which  fpfctinft! 
is  covtved  over  with  fimihr  ftalaaitts,  cr 
little  pearls,  v^hlcfr  bi'^cJme  bright  ind 
"  *    •  ■  opsque 


Dr.  Thcmpfen^  cf  Naples^  on  Siliceous  Incrujlationt.  33  J 

found  there  fome  time  before;  he  fuc- 
cecdcd  in  his  object,  and  carrying  with 
him  Ibmc  fpeciuitns  of  it  to  Nu^ks,  I 
had  the  plealiire  to  obrei*vc  likcwiir,  in 
them,  filiceous  ftala^litcs;  thefe  contained^ 
however,  filiceous  veins,  but  laigcr,  at 
well  whitt  and  opaque  as  glyfl*y,  »n  this 
caie  exifting  in  a  iubftancc  morcccmpadl.  ' 
(7)  Being  now  aware  of  the  Inquincy  of 
luch  phenomenon,  and  fceking  lor  it  in 
the  autumn  of  the  fame  ye.ir,  I  tcund 
likewife  thelc  filiceous  incruitation»  iLrai- 
opaque,  and  white  in  deccmpolcd  lava, 
which  chiefly  fonns  the  external  fiJcs  of 
the  ancient  volcanic  crater,  now  ca.led 
the  Zolfatara  di  Poz  uoli^  hence  I  con- 
jcftuied  it  would  not  be  difficult  to  find 
the  fame  alfo  within  this  ci-ater,  at  prefent 
exhaurted,  except  that  there  are  yet  Ibme 
tunnels  in  aftivity,  and  that  fulphur  it 
daily  formed  there  in  abundance  j  return- 
ing then  again  in  this  prefcnf  autumn,  I 
found  the  faul  phenomena  under  a  great 
many  varictfcs,  fome  of  the  ftala6lite  be- 
ing rcfplendeut,  and  others  variegated; 
fome  of  the  fpecimens  were  of  a  pale 
white  colour  and  opaque,  others  fhining 
like  glals;  fometimes  inc  eiiing  the 
fuperficics  of  the  decompofed  lava,  at, 
other  times  cementing  the  fragments  of 
the  fame,  reducing  them  to  the  appear- 
ance of  folix,  and  extremely  hard  (tone. 
At  length  I  perceived,  now  for  the  firft 
lime,  that  on  all  occafions  where  occur 
extenfive  furfares  of  luch  incrulhtlons, 
they  are  exprelsly  thofe,  which,  ftrttching 
thcmfeives  out  like  paint,  cover  over  and 
defend  the  yielding  anJ  pliable  white 
earth  there  prevailing,  which  is  nothing 
elfe  than  lava  dc-compofed  by  vapours, 
and  which,  without  this  defence,  wouU 
be  carried  totally  away  by  the  torrents  of 
rain  which  fall  upon  it. 

In  thcfe  filiceous  fuperficies,  which 
will  often  deceive  not  the  eye  only,  but 
the  hand  aimed  with  the  hammer,  fo  as 
to  induce  the  opinion,  that  the  fubftance 
beneath  the  incruftation  may  likeWift  be 
very  hardj  I  do  not  rccollefl  other  than 
the  ancient  crevices  of  the  lava,  which 
rendered  it  permeable  to  thcfe  vapours, 
which  have  now  deftroyed  it,  by  loading 
the  whole  fpace  of  this  palTage  with  fili- 
ceous earth,  already  held  in  folution. 

If  my  furprife  was  great,  that  an  ob- 
fervation  to  be  regarded  among  the  moft 
predominant  of  this  place,  (houid  have 
efcaped  the  r.^mark  of  preceding  miner- 
alogifts,  who  cxprefs  thcmfeives  with 
much  warmth  uoon  the  inftruftive  pheno- 
mena of  the  Zolfatara,  I  truft  the  accu- 
fation  of  envj  ought  not  to  be  atttched 


ipaque  on  the  application  <#  the  flame  of  a 
lamp ;  which  proceed  from  tlic  n}ultipl ied 
:revices  or  divifions,  which  in  fuch  cafe 
rxtend  themfclves  in  every  diie^ion  in 
his  fubilance :  in  the  fame  manner  as 
ranfjiarent  ice  and  glafs,  when  pounded, 
)ccome  white ;  which  indeed  Faujas  de 
>aint  Ftnd  feemed  not  to  have  coi'.fidered 
vhen  he  propoles  to  us  his  difHcuhies 
elative  to  the  caufe  of  the  pearly  bright- 
tefs  which  he  defcribes  in  fimilar  italac- 
Itcs,  in  page  330  of  his  **  Miner tdogie 
5f/  Volcansp  8vo.  i784*.  If,  howw*ver, 
hefe  divifions  become  excef&ve,  then  the 
/hite  is  rendered  perfectly  opaque  inflead 
f  the  fiiinine  luibe  of  mother  of  ^earl, 
nithe  (tala£litc  too  much  cracked,  crum- 
les  between  the  fingers.  I  likewife  ob- 
ained,  in  the  winter,  in  exchange  with 
Ke  Ducal  cabinet  of  Florence,  a  little 
iece  of  that  more  beautiful  mamillonate 
:ala£lite  of  the  Montamiata,  prefented 
}  me,  together  with  other  fpecimens, 
y  the  difcoverer  himfelf,  Profenbr  Gior- 
io  Santi,  of  Plfa;  and  in  March  1792, 
tie  refpe£lable  profeHTor  /hewed  me  and 
relented  to  me,  other  pieces  of  this  his 
earled  filiceous  ftalaftite,  confiderably 
kr?er,  and  more  beautiful  than  thofe  I 
ad,  until  then,  met  with;  and  I  then 
ramt,  that  thofe  oblervcd  by  mc  the 
receding  autumn,  in  the  Montamiata, 
rere  likewife  not  unknown  to  him. 
5)  Travelling  in  the  year  x  794.,  in  the 
land  of  Ifchia,I  found  many  of  thofe  fnall 
nd  moft  brilliant  filiceous  ftala^ites, 
agether  with  other  white  ones  grouped 
1  the  veins  and  crevices  of  the  pumice, 
rattered  among  the  porous  kind  of  ftone 
rhich  had  been  recently  cut  through,  to 
yrm  an  afcent  from  Lacco  to  the  baths 
1  San  Lorenzo ;  as  alio  in  the  filiceous 
eins  of  another  little  rock  of  the  fame 
ibftance  near  the  fea  at  Lacco,  b^ing 
caftly  that  upon  which  there  is  a  lime 
iln.  I  conununicated  theie  obfervations 
le  fame  day  to  Abbate  Breifiak,  who 
sUefled  numerous  fpecimens  of  it  for  his 
icnds.  (6)  The  fiime  Abbate  Breiilak, 
fter  my  return  to  Naples,  dug  in  a 
lace  ftill  lower  than  the  before  mentioned 
Icent,  with  a  view  to  meet  with  fulphur, 
hich  fome  pcrfous  afferted  to  have  been 

•  The  pearls  here  dcfcribed  by  Faujas  be- 
»g  the  fame  with  thofe  of  the  Montamiata, 
id  being  of  volcanic  origin,  as  are  likewife 
t  many  others  to  be  named  hereafter,  in- 
reafes  the  probability  that  the  bafalu  where 
le  pearh  •£  Faujas  are  imbedded  f «  CUf. 
Ijjrttti  of  Mi'iitr),  may  ,be  indeed  0*  volquiiG 
ri^in,  which  fome  have  hitherto.  duubte4- 

Monthly  Mac.  No.  xxxu 


53^  J5r.  Tbcmpfin^  of  Naples^  on  Siliceous  hurujiationt. 


t6  this  ve^cftion,  when  I  confefs  that  I 
hare  been  aftonifhed  at  my  own  bllndneftt 
much  more  than  at  the  umiffion  of  others, 
having  ravfclf  ab-cady  more  than  once  cx- 
smined  tne  Zolfatara,  without  having 
becu  arreted  for  a  moment  by  the  above- 
recited  phenomenon,  which  would  appear 
impo^Tible,  ftnce  it  prefents  itielf  undet:  {% 
many  points  of  view.  Let  anotlier  na* 
tural  philoibpher  anfwer  for  me  t 
**  Haec  fi  peroofces,  parva  perfunfius  opclla, 
(Namque   aliud  ex  alio  cUrefcct]  non  tibi 

ceca 
Noz  iter  eripiet,  quin  ultima  natural 
PervidcaSy  ita  rei  accendunt  lumina  rebus  V* 
Lucrtt,  lib  i^ 

(8*)  In  July  of  the  prefcnt  year,  coaft- 
ing  the  edge  of  the  vait  cleft,  whence  was 
romited  the  immenfe  lava,  which  the  laft 
year  ruined,  in  a  few  hours,  the  populous 
town,  ToiTe  del  Greco,  I  rcmarfcea  there 
the  volcanic  fand,  partly  red,  partly 
green  (fliorl),  as  though  it  had  been  pQw- 
dered  with  hoar  froft,  which,  to  the  eye 
would  have  appeaixd  a  faline  fubftance ; 
but  this  likewife  is  nothing  ell'e  than  a 
mo/l  fubtle  plainer,  or  fiiiceous  varnifh, 
which  covers  over  this  fand,  whofe  pro- 
fninent  grains  inclining  to  a  circular  form, 
have  the  appearance  of  fo  many  little 
pearls.  This.fubtJe  and 'tender  cruft, 
on  the  application  of  water,  becomes 
hydrophanous  and  .  tianfparent,  whence 
the  eyje,  although  experienced,  eafily 
pafles  it  unoblerved.  The  fan  J,  con- 
glutinated  in  part  by  thofe  incruftations, 
and  in  part  by  its  calx  of  iron,  forms  4 
kind  of  fiiperficial  mirror  of  little  coniift- 
ency  upqn  the  aihes.  In  other  places 
around  the  new  openings  of  the  mountain, 
»  fimilar  crull  is  found,  lefs  bright,  but 
thicker,  which  affumes  the  fonn  of  fta- 
la^ites,  and  i-ccniits  itfelf  with  the 
larger  volcanic  tragmcnts.  It  is  ob- 
fervable,  that  in  all  thefc  places,  open- 
ing«,  from  whence  pfcape  humid  and 
fc aiding  vapours,  are  frequent  even  at 
prefent. 

(8)  Returning  into  Ifchia  in  Auguft 
of  thp  pretent  year,  and  invited  to  viiit 
^  certain  outlets  of  hot  vapour,  and  as  I 
'was  affured,  of  hepatic  air,  I  conceived 
from  hence  the  poflibility  of  finding  there 
alio,  fulphur,  which  might  tend  to  elu- 
cidate the  feneration  of  that  Ailphur 
found  by  Abbatc  Breillak  (f.  6.)  In  a 
place  where  the  vapours  no  longer  exift. 
The  prefence  of  iiliceous  incruftations, 
together  with  the  fulphur  akeady  men- 
tioned (f.  €.),  would  likewife  dcfervc 
f»me  conGdcration,  a*  rhcfe  had  all  the 
^iaca<Sl(er  of  being  produced  at  the:  faoit 


tim^  as  the  fulphur.  I  went,  therrfot^ 
in  company  with  Count  Rcdera,  to  x 
place  called  Monticeto,  above  Cafamrc 
ciola,/  and  there  on  the  ikle  of  a  channel 
produced  by  torrents,  but  then  diy,  we 
met  indeed  with  humid  vapoors,  Mrhich 
caufed  the  thermometer  of  Fahrenheit,  the 
bulb  of  which  was  placed  in  the  holts 
from  whence  the  vapours  efcaped,  to  af- 
cend  to  202 ;  and  judging  from  the  rapid 
elevation  of  the  mercury,  I  believe  the  rife 
would  have  been  confiderably  more  in  a 
thermometer  whofe  fcale  was  more  ex- 
teniive:  but  mine  being  calculated  for 
experiments  upon  the  heat  of  animals, 
did  not  permit  us  this  proof,  terminating 
a  few  degrees  beyond  that  of  boiling 
water,  or  21  a. 

We  did  rot  find  there  either  folphnr 
or  hepatic  air,  but  we  perceived  the  Imell 
of  fomething  burning,  which  I  have  al- 
ways found  to  accompany  fuch  ojifices, 
and  that  rather  refembles  the  ocftur  ot 
bm-ning  fulphur,  but  weak  and  much 
attenuated.  The  rock  whence  proceeded 
thefe  vapours,  is  a  greenifli  tufa,  rich  in 
magnefian  earth,  and  in  little  pumice 
f^ones,  the  whole  corroded  by  moifture* 
and  of  confequence  extremely  tender. 
Around  the  orifice,  but  always  at  a  fraall 
diftance,  and  upon  the  fides  of  the  little 
cavern,  we  met  with  various  incruftations 
rcfembling  efBorefcences,  produced  there 
by  the  vapours ;  it  will  be  fiifficieni  t» 
notice 

1.  Chalk  of  4  foliated  form,  abundant. 

2.  Alum,  but  I'elJoniy  and  in  fma!l 
quantities. 

3.  Siliceous  ftalaftitcs,  foliated,  cylin* 
drlcal,  or  conical  and  pendent  (manallmatji 
very  brittle,  and  of  little  confiftence;  oa 
couching  thetcndereft  points  of  it,  which 
crumbled  between  the-tccth,.  I  \vasfirft  aware 
of  their  fiiiceous  bardncfs. 

4.  A  bitter  fait,  of  which  I  flull  (fuk 
hereafter.     (Sec.  19.) 

Afterwards,'  lower  down  the  fteep  and 
in  the  bottom  of  the  channel  itfelf,  we 
found  (iliceous  cnifts,  lefs  delicate,  but 
more  compaA  than  thofe  before  mention- 
ed, and  iometimes  coloured  with  itd: 
there  an:  alfo  fome  veins  of  the  fame 
fubftance,  which  indicate  the  fite  of  other 
ori£ces  already  exhaufted.  Penetratisj; 
afterwards  a  few  inches  within  the  movth 
of  the  orifice  now  in  a^ivity,  we  founi 
three  groups  of  rciy  white  fiiiceous  lb- 
laflites,  ot  a  snamiuonate  form,  tender, 
and  fb  hot  as  not  to  permit  us  t  >  felain 
them  in  our  hands.  ( i  o. )  Since  then,  by 
employing  much  dillgeifc«y  X  ha^e  fbc- 
ceeded  ia.  findiag  Tul^hUJC  mixed-  in  the 

^ibftOMS 


Dr*  Thmffin^  pf  NapUs^  m  Silieam  Incru/fatim$,  3^7 


i\ibftaAce  of  tliofe  ^ater  ftaU^litet  of  the 
Montamiata,  u  we  have  indeed  already 
notic^  in  thofc  fpecimens  found  in  Ifchia, 
by  Abbate  BreiHak  (f.  6.)>  and  as  ap- 
pear  more  clear  in  thole  I'peciniens  of  (ili- 
ccous  ftala^ite^  tranfparent  as  ^lafs, 
found  aftenvardft  in  the  above  fbted  viiit' 
to  the  Zolfataradi  Pozanoli  (f.  7.)»  when, 
together  wHh  Count  itedein,  I  had  the 
fortune  to  inform  mylelf  of  the  pheno- 
mena ah^ady  recitoiy  and  bcfides  that, 
to  find  fuiphur  and  iUiceous  ibla^tite  fo 
intiinately  combined,  that  there  is  no 
longer  a  doubt  of  their  being  produced 
together;  deriving  their  common  origin 
from  warm  and  humid  vapours,  and  hence 
denominated  by  me  thernaalc  and  here 
I  obferve,  that  the  moifture  apparent  in 
chops  near  the  fulphur  produced  from  the 
ZoH'atara,  is  loaded  with  vitriolic  acid, 
while  tbofe  drops  which  didll  round 
about  the  filiceous  ilala^lites  of  Monticeto, 
where  there  is  no  palpable  ful^^hur,  are 
iniipid,  and  devoid  bf  fmell.  (it.)  At 
prcfcnt,  we  knew  that  Profeflbr  filack, 
«f  Edinburgh,  analizing  the  waters  i>f 
Gcyfer,  difcovcred  in  them  the  pi^fence 
of  mineral  alkali,  the  known  folvent  of 
riliceons  earth,  put  into  a£lion  by  means 
of  fire,  or  in  the  di*y  way.  See  Philos. 
Trans,  of  EUinU-  ( i  »•)  We  know,  like- 
wife,  that  in  the  junctures,  or  knpts  of 
the  cane  called  bamboo,  filiceous  earth  is 
found,  pure  and  concrete,  and  of  fuch 
hardnefs  as  to  fcrape  glafs.  See  Macie 
upon  Tabaflieer  in  the  Philos.  Trans,  of 
2.ondon.  (13*)  This  moll  intcrefting 
addition  to  our  knowledge  upon  the  power 
always  exifting  in  the  live  cane  to  retain 
filiceous  earth  in  a  (late  of  liberty,  ex> 
cited  me  to  feck  that  mean  which  fecmed 
to  roe  beft  adapted  to  fuch  folurion,  I 
mean  mineral  alkali  in  the  frefh  juice  of 
fome  plant  which  might  moft  rcftrmble 
the  bamboo,  and  fur  this  purpofe,  I  took 
(he  coinmdn  cane  of  this  kingdom  (arun- 
0*0  donax  (roieau),  and  infiifmg  into. its 
juice  fome  few  drops  of  fpirits  of  (ea  fait, 
I  gained,  by  (low  evaporation,  little  cubes 
ot  marine  (alt,  a  proof  of  the  prefcnce  of 
Hiineial  alkali  whidi  I  fought  ror. 

Sufpe6Vmg  the  purity  of  the  acid  I 
h^d  (employed,  which  might  perhaps  hold 
in  folution  marine  fait  already  fonded : 
to  convince  myfclf  more  fully,  I  cxpofed 
to  How  evaporation  the  deco6lionof  the 
(xA  juice,  made  with  diftilled  water  as 
brt<>r«,  without  any  infufion  of  fpiiit  of 
mirine  I'alf  i  but  it  happened  to  me  to  dif- 
C'w^r,  what  tren  until  now!  have  been 
unable  to  explain»  that  is,  to  find  cubes 
iii.  fca  f»U.  alfo  thii  tim»»  And  in  fuch 


abundance,  that    it   being  impofllble  It 
iliould  have  been  an  error>  it  is  neceiTanr 
to  believe,  that  not  only  mineral  alkali^ 
but  likewife  al(b  marine  fait,  exi(U  ef* 
fe£lively  in  the  live  cane;   becaufe,  with 
this  view  I  coUeAed  the  canes  in  the  val- 
lev  between  the  crater  of  Aftruni  and  that 
ot  the  Zolfatara,  which  is  feparated  firom 
the  fea  by  the  whole  elevation  of  the  ZoU 
fatani,  and  by  other  circumjacent  hills, 
which    removes  the  fufpicion  that   the 
marine  fait  could  be  fcattered  by  the  fea 
breezes,  and  had  fallen  upon  the  canes  t 
this  caution  I  took  for  greater  fecurity,^ 
becauie  fuch  a  fufpicion  undifputed, would 
have  produced  other  difficulties,  and  thofe 
not  trivial.     (14..)  It  is  known,  however, 
mod  inconteflibly,  that  almoll,  if  not  2^11, 
the    thermal  waters  of    Ifchia,    abound 
with  mineral  alkali,  both  five,  and  united 
with  marine  acid  i  it  is  found  alfo  in  both 
ftates  attached  to   the  rock,  above  tht 
fprtng  called  Gorgitdlo,  which  furniihes 
its  waters  to  the  baths  of  the  neighbour- 
ing beautiful  hofpital.    We  are  a(rured 
that  the  faid    mineral   alkali  has   been 
found,  although  in  one  place  only,  of  the 
Zolfatara  of   Pozzuoli,  that   is,  in  the 
glauber  falts.    See  Bteidak  fulla  Zolfat. 
(15.)  The  preftnc*  of  mineral  alkali  in 
the  humid  vapours  of  Vefuvius,  will  not 
be  difputed  by.anyone  who  knows  how 
frequent    is  marine  faU  cryilallized    in 
cubes,  among  the   falts   produced  from- 
fuch  vapours  as  well  in  the  laft  as  in  other 
eruptions  :  neverthelefs  the  orifices,  how- 
ever fmall,  which  now  fubfill  on  the  fpot 
where  are  found  the  little  Vefuvius  peails,' 
mentioned  (fee.  8.)  fufficeto  bring  to  our 
recolle6lion  the  cxccflive  quamity  of  fuch 
vapours  which  evolved  thcmieives  on  thole 
horrible  days,  when  exploded    from  th« 
abyfs,  the  vifcera  of  the  earth  disfigured 
and  changed  in  their  nature  by  fire,  were 
feen  to  melt  like  glafs  ;  a  fubje£l  of  moft 
intereding  contemplation  to  the  minera* 
logift,  not,  however,  unmixed  with  ap- 
prehenfion,  while  he  beheld  loaded  vines, 
cities,  the  fmits  of  human  ingenuity,  over- 
thrown and  utterly  deftroycd,  {16.)  The 
origin  then  of  thefe  filiceous  ftalaHites, 
whether  tranfparent    or  fubdivided  and 
fhiniug  with  a  pearly .brightnefs,  appears 
to  depend  on  no  other  caufe  than  the  fo- 
lution of  filiceous  earth  by  means  of  mi- 
neral alkali,  and  by  the  humid  way,  that 
is,  by  humid  vapours  rcmlcred  aaive  by , 
excefs  of  fire,      (j?.)  The  place  from 
whence  thefe  vapours  efcape,  becominf^ 
charged  from  time  to  time,  it  becomes - 
pobable  from  this  (fee.  9.},  that  the  (U* 
.  ia£lites  fouxul  beaeath  the  bo(.  bath  ogr 


338f  -Dr,  Th&mpfonj  (ff<..,. .Utility  of  Pr'eheniarteSy  fjff. 


San  Lormto,  derive  their  origin  from  the 
fame  vapour**,  which  at  this  time  fupply 
thefc  baths ;  and  that  iheir  fubtcrraneoiis 
arches  will  he  found  in  proccfs  of  time 
laden  with  fimilar  depofittons.  This,  as 
has  been  already  noticed,  has  happened 
in   the  Zolfatara   of   Pozzuplt    (f.  7.). 

i\%.)  The  filiceous  ftalafl ires  above  re- 
erred  to  of  San  Lorenzo,  imbibed  them- 
Iblves  (i.  5.)  in  pumice,  and  thofc  only 
of  Monticeio  (f.  9.)  arc  adherent  to  a 
decompofed  pumice  rock;  it  may  be 
added,  that  thofc  greater  ones  of  Monta- 
miata  are  found  sufo  in  a  friable  granite 
rich  in  fmall  pumicc-ftones  ;  or  cryftals 
of  Feldfpar  fwelled  and  cracked  by  fii-e, 
and  herce  become  fluid,  as  far  as  the  en- 
tire mifs  of  granite  is  capable  of  becom- 
ing; as  has  been  already  oblerved  before 
jt\t  by  Count  Dolomieir,  and  has  been  tl- 
'luftrated  by  him  in  his  Voyage  to  the  Ifles 
of  Ponza. 

Indeed,  when  I  faw  by  means*  of  the 
lens  that  this  granite  inclofes  often  in  its 
Kbrous  vein,  produced  as  already  dated, 
the  minutcft  filiceous  and  tranlparent 
ftalaflltes,  at  firft  I  hcfiiated  to  believe 
that  they  were  owing  ftri^ly  to  the  dry 
fufion  of  feldfpar ;  but  iince  that  I  am 
become  accjuamted  with  vapours,  humid 
and  I'aline,  aUeady  formed  or  growing 
from  thin  elements  reciprocally  in  ac- 
tivity, intimately  difFuftrd  through  the 
mals  of  ignited  and  rtmning  lava,  and  rc- 
flc6ling  how  much  fo  I'pungy  a  granite 
is  penetrable  by  fuch  vapours,  I  quit  my 
£i-ft  idea  as  ruperfluous,  if  not  erroneous ; 
expofing  my  own  difficulty  as  a  greater 
caution  to  him  who  wiihes  to  follow  with 
the  neceflaiy  accuracy  this  argument.  It 
does  not  appear  to  me,  that  the  faid  fta- 
laAites  have  a^^lually  their  origin  from 
pumict  in  preterencc  to  the  other  liliceous 
fubftances  compciing  fuch  rock,  but  He- 
caufe  the  pumice  may  have  prefented  to 
the  Iblvtnt  vapours  a  fuperficies  the  moft 
multiplied,  and,  on  that  account,  the  moft 
capable  of  being  generally  attacked. 

(19.)  Befides  this,  it  may  be  noted 
fo  tar  as  regards  fulphur,  that 

1 .  Some  wann  fprtngs  in  the  vicinity 
of  Geyfer  give  us  fdiceous  depofitions 
mixed  with  lulphur. 

a.  The  little  lakes  of  Saflb  in  Tuf- 
cany  produce  fulphur. 

3.  Vefuvius  in  aftivity  gives  ful- 
phur. 

4«     The    flliceous  i^alaaites    of  the 

'Montamiata,    thole   found    by   Abbate 

.Breiilak  inlfehia,  and,  finally,  thofe  of 

•tiie  S^dlfatara  di  Fotzuoli»  ore  ail  mixed 

^ithfvlphur. 


5.  Although  the  orifices  of  Monti* 
ceto,  and  of  Ilchia,  have  not  as  yet  affordd 
actual  fulphur,  there  are,    nevrrtlieleA, 
fofliclently  plain  indications  of  it,  in  the 
prefence  of  vitriolic  acid  cxifting  as  well 
m  the  alum  as  In  the  chalk  found  diere 
(f.  10.);  and  alfo  in  bitter  fait,  both  that 
with  a  magncHan  bale,  Eafom  fait}  or 
with  a  bale  of  mineral  alkali,  glauber 
fait,  or  finally  of  vegetable  alkali,  which 
laft  fait,  vitriolated  tartar,  fo  irequnit 
upon  the  lavas  which  have  delfa-oyed  the 
plain,  is  not  unknown  in  the  higheft  parts^ 
of  Vefuvius,  fmce  I  have  found  it  three 
vears  ago  diftillin^  from  the  cone  itfelf, 
half  way  from  its  bafe,  from  fome  mouths 
whence  a  fmall  ftream  of  lava  has  pro- 
ceeded, at  no  remote  period.    This  fait 
afteiwards    became    U>    hard,    forming 
opaque  mafles,  fimilar  to  marble,  that  it  at 
firlf  gave  little  fufpicicm  of  its  true  na- 
ture ;  and,  infac^,  I  have  feen  it  defcribed 
in  colle6lions,  as  ftoncs  of  Veiuvius. 

With  regard  to  the  bitter  (ah  of 
Monticeto  (f.  10.),  its  fcarcity  has  not 
permitted  us  as  yet  to  afcertain  its  pre* 
cife  nature. 

The  preceding  obfcrvations,  there- 
fore, fo  nearly  correipond,  as  in  effed  to 
teach  us,  that  wherever  thefc  filiceous 
ftalaflitcs  have  hitherto  4>een  found,  we 
likewiie  meet  with  humid  and  wann 
vapours,  Wkh  mineral  alkali,  often  de- 
monftrated  (f.  1 1 . 1 4. 1 5 . ) ,  and  whofe  pre- 
fence is  always  to  be  fufpe£led,  as  the 
generative  caufe  of  th^fc  ftala^ites,  with 
the  intervention  alio  of  fulphur,  either  in 
fubftance,  or  manifefted  in  its  produ6l, 
which  is  vitriolic  acid,  as  loon  as  ful- 
phur, in  an  aeriform  ftate,  comes  in  cen- 
tal with  the  atmofphere,  'whence  it  at- 
tnfls  that  dofe  of  pure  air  ^hich  it  re- 
quires to  enable  it  to  aiTumc  its  new  pro* 
perties. 

tenet 

Parthenope  ftudiis  florentem  ignobilis  oti* 


Ttf  the  EStor  of  the  Monthly  Mi^axhu, 

SIR, 

DOUBTS  have  been  fomctimes  enter- 
tained  by  njcn  who  are  in  the  habit 
of  thinking  for  themfelves,  concerning 
the  utility  of  fome  claffes  of  dignitaries 
in  onr  chwch,  particularly  deans  and 
prebendaries.  The  opinion  of  an  arch- 
biftiop,  therefore,  upon  this  {iibjcd,  mull 
have  confiderable  weight :  a»d  the  follow- 
ing  curious  obfcrvations,  on  the  advan- 
tages refulting  from  prebendai  ies  to  nrli* 
£ton  and  learning,  are  contained  in  a  let- 


Sir  R.  Wtlpsk  and  Ltrd  CheprfieU. 


33»' 


fr  from  Archbifhop  Cranmer  to  Lord 
;^iorawcll.  "  Having  had  Experience, 
)uth  in  times  pall,  ana  alfo  in  our  days, 
low  the  fcft  of  prebendaries  have  not 
nly  rpeat  their  time  in  much  idlcneis, 
nd  their  fubftance  in  Tuperfluous  bcliy- 
heer,  I  think  it  not  to  be  a  convenient 
;are  or  degree  to  be  maintained  and  eila- 
Hihed.  ConTideringy  6rily  that  commonly 
prebendary  is  neither  a  learner,  nor  a 
cacher,  but  a  good  viander.  Then,  by 
he  fame  name,  tbey  look,  to  be  chief,  and 
5  bear  ail  the  \yholc  rule  and  pre-emi- 
ence  in  the  college  where  they  be  reii- 
ent }  by  means  whereof,  the  younger,  of 
beir  own  nature  given  more  to  plcaiiirc, 
tK>d  cheer«  and  paflime,  than  to  abili- 
ence,  fhidy,  and  learning,,  ihall  eafily 
c  brought  from  their  books  to  follow 
iie  appetite  and  example  of  the  fame  pre- 
rndaries,  being  their  heads  and  rulers. 
Ind  the  ftatc  of  the  prebendaries  hath 
cen  fo  exceffively  abufed,  that  when 
tamed  men  have  been  admitted  unto 
ich  room,  many  times  they  have  dcfifted 
x)m  their  good  and  godly  ftudies,  and 
II  other  virtuous  exercife  of  preacning 
ad  teaching.*^  A.  B. 

To  tbe  EMter  of  the  Monthfy  Magazine. 

SIR, 

PERMIT  an  admirer  of  vour  valua^ 
ble  Mifcellany,  to  fumim  you  with 
n  anecdote*  which,  from  its  originality 
nd  auther4ticity,  joined  to  the  celebrity 
f  the  perfons  to  whom  it  relates,  may 
laim  the  at  tention  of  your  readers .  Hav- 
ig  drolled  one  day  into  the  Houfe  of 
<ords,  I  entered  into  convcrfation  with 
he  late  well-known  and  much-eiteemed 
eoman-ufhcr  of  the  black-rod,  Mr. 
^arme.  Ourdifcourfe,  among  other  to- 
ics^ell  upon  the  chara£^er  and  peculiari- 
ics  of  the  late  celebrated  Sir  Robert 
Valpolc.  As  a  ftriking  proof  of  the  per- 
(61  command  of  temper  and  eafy  plea- 
intry,  with  which  that  mtnifter  fre- 
[ueutly  rebuffed  his  moft  virulent  oppo- 
lents,  Mr.  Quarme  mentioned  the  tol- 
owing  occurrence  \  to  which  he  was  both 
.n  eye  and  ear-witnefs. 

On  fomc  occafion,  when  it  was  expelled 
hat  a  violent  debate  would  take  place  in 
he  Houle  of  Lords,  relative  to  Sir  Robert 
•Valpole*s  fuppoled  mal-adminiftration, 
hat  t(tfiiieman  came  early  to  the  hou/e, 
nd  requefted  Mr.  Quarmc  to  give  up  his 
ittle  recefs  in  a  comer  behind  the  bai*, 
vhcrc  he  might  hear  the  debates,  unfeen 
>y  the  members  within  the  body  of  the 
loMic.  The  yeoman-uftier  readily  com- 
),Ucd.  But,  he  good-naturedly  confcfTcdi 


that  he  repented  of  his  compliance^  whea 
he  heard  Lord  Chefterfield  hold  forth  one 
of  the  moft  virulent  Philippics  againft  the 
character,  both  of  the  minifter  and  man^  , 
which  hai  ever  flowed  from  the  lips  of 
e*vin  that  nobUmrm)  fo  diftlnguidied  for 
re£ned  malice,  wit  and  ingenuity.  The 
minifter,  during  this  hai'aneue,  p.efcrved 
the  utmoft  compofure,  bom  in  counte- 
nance and  manner :  upon  his  Lord(hip> 
2ultting  the  houfe  (on  a  temporary  occa- 
on),  and  fuddenly  turning  round  as  he 
palTed  the  bar,' he  fpied,  with  mingled 
fliarae  and  dif  t  ay,  tne  minifter  perched 
in  his  fnug  recefs.  Sir  Robert,  upon  ob- 
ferving  his  Lordftiip^s  confu^on,  with 
great  complacency  and  good -humour,  yet 
mixed  with  a  pertain  drolltTy  in  his  tone 
and  manner,  addi'en*ed  his  Lordftiip  with 
a  profound  bow,  and  "  beg^d  leave  to 
thank  bim  for  the  plealure  he  had  re- 
ceived from  his  Lord/hip's  eloquent 
fpeech ;  and,  at  the  fame  time,  to  con- 
gratulate him,  on  his  having,  upon  thi« 
occaiion,  taken  a  flight  bevond  his  ufual 
pitch  of  excellence.''  This  addrefs  coin-* 
pleted  his  Lqrdfliip's  embarraflinent  j 
and  though  prefence  of  mind,  and  quick- 
nefs  in  repartee,  were  his  Lord/hip's  pe- 
culiar qualifications,  he  flunk  away  from 
the  minifter's  prefence,  vifibly  confounded 
and  chagrined.  lam.  Sir,  your  humble 
fcrvant, 

Mancbefter^  S.  A.  B. 

Feb,  20,  1797. 

To  the  Editor  of  tbe  Monthly  Magasune, 

SIR, 

WHEN  we  rcflea  on  the  great  pro- 
grefs  which  has  been  made  lA  « 
natural  hiftory,  during  the  courfe  of  tbe 
prefent  century,  it  will  appear  furprifing 
that  the  vironderful  Account  given  of  the 
Boban  Upas,  or  poifon  tree  ofjava,  fliould 
be  fo  long  cretlited.  This  account,  which 
originated,  I  believe,  from  a  Dutch  fur- 
geon  who  a6lually  refidcd  fome  time  in 
that  ifland,  has  been  publiflied  in  variout 
journals  and  periodical  works,  in  differ* 
ent  paits  of  Europe ;  but  it  is  no^ 
known,  from  good  authority,  to  be  en- 
tirely void  of  foundation.  Thiscircum- 
ftance  is  mentioned  by  Sir  Geohgb 
Staunton,  in  his  Account  of  Lord 
Macartney's  Embafty  to  China;  and 
the  following  extj-aft  from  the  letter*  of 
Mr.  Von  Wurb,  who  was  fettled  at  Ba-v 
tavia,  in  the  fervice  of  the  Dutch  J£aft 
India  company,  and  who  d^ed  there  at 
an  early  period  of  life,  feems  to  place  the 
natter  b^ond  all  doubt . . This  gcmcieman, 
who  was  a  member  of  the  fociety  eOa- 

bliihed 


S»o 


CornSltm  tf  Erratfs  in  Natural  Hijfofjs 


felifhed  at  BaUTia,  for  promoting  the  arts 
a«id  the  fcicnces,  fay«,  in  a  letter  addreffed 
to  hif  brother:  "  The  whole  rcjation 
which  you  read,  in  a  German  journal,  of 
tbe  bobam  upasy  or  large  poilbn  ti-ee,  faid 
to  be  in  the  iiland  of  Java,  the  poifonous 
evaporation  of  which  produces  fo  dreadful 
cfVasx  that  no  animal  or  plant  can  exift 
within  a  great  diftance  of  it,  you  ma^ 
with  ctrtamty  confider  ax  one  of  tholc 
£ible8  with  which  ignorant  or  lying  tra- 
veller* have  inundated  the  world.  The 
iwlacer  of  this  wonderful  hiftory,  accord- 
iilg  to  your  accoun",  fays,  *  that  this 
tree  grows  on  the  territories  of  one  of  the* 
princes  here,  and  that  to  obtain  its  poifou 
lor  the  purpofe  of  poifoning  weapons,  a 
numbers  of  malefactors  are  every  yeai* 
employed  j  that  thefc  wiciches,  mounted 
on  horfebaek,  and  having  their  mouths 
€t(TtTtdy  proceed  towards  the  tree,  but 
only  at  times  when  the  wind  is  in  their 
backs,  fo  as  to  convey  the  evaporation 
from  the  tree  to  the  quarter  oppofite  to 
tlut  m  which  they  are  advancing;  that 
even  then,  they  haftcn  toNvards  it  with 
the  otmoft  fpeed,  and  having  pricked  it 
with  their  javelins,  and  recehed  the  poi- 
Iba,  retire  from  it  with  the  like  precipi- 
tation. That  it  frequently  happens,  by 
the  wind  fpeedily  changing,  tnat  thtfic 
nwiSy  being  overtaken  by  the  vapoiu*  of 
the  tree,  are  fufFocated ;  and  that  as  their 
bodies  remain  on  the  fpot,  the  ground 
afound  the  tree  is  covered  with  flceltrtons. 
He  pretends  alfo  to  have  witncfled  the 
iwkfen  and  violent  effefls  of  the  poifon, 
at  the  court  of  the  prince,  on  a  woman 
co9idemned  to  death,  and  whofe  fentencc 
was  executed  by  means  of  a  (light  wound 
made  with  an  arrow  tliat  had  been  dipped 
ia  it.'  That  the  Indians,  in  general,  are 
well  acquainted  with  the  dreadful  art  of 
I»oifoDing  their  weapons,  is  a  faft  frilly 
c^ablifhed  ;  bnt  for  this  purpofe  there  is 
BO  need  of  fuch  a  wondei-ful  tree,  as  in 
ail  hot  cotimries,  there  are  abundance  of 
kerbs,  plants,  and  ftirubs,  the  poifon  of 
which,  when  com'cyed  into  a  wound,  be- 
comes mortal.  If  the  relater  was  really 
prefent  at  fnch  an  execution,  the  Javanelc 
moft,  undoubtedly,  have  fabricated  the 
whole  ftory  of  the  poifon  tree,  in  order 
to  imp-  feon  his  credulity.  The  Indians 
are  not  only  highly  credulous  and  fupcr- 
0ittous  thcmfdves,  but  they  find  a  mali- 
ciout  plealiirc  in  telling  the  Europcfans 
the  moft  finguTar  and  romantic  tales  j 
p«nly  in  order  that  they  may  aflume  the 
more  confemiencej  and  partly,  perhan*?, 
te  retaliate  for  the  many  wondrous  things 
which. tbc  Eui-oftans  wiih  to  niake  them 


believe  refpeaiog  their  port  of  (he  world, 
and  which  they  endeavour  to  imprefs  oi 
them  as  abfolute  truths.  One,  therefore, 
has  evei-y  reafoa  to  be  very  cautious  and 
diffident  in  regard  to  fuch  tales  as  are  re. 
lated  by  the  natives  of  little  known  coun- 
tries. The  old  books  of  travels  abound 
with  wonderful  hiftoriea  of "  this  fort, 
which  are  even  yet  credited  by  the  com- 
mon foldiers  and  failbrs.  Among  thefc 
may  be  clafled  the  accounts  which  you 
read,  of  the  monftrous  /erpents  produced 
in  this  illand.  The  largctt  here,  are  fel. 
dom  above  nine  feet  in  length,  and  nine 
inches  in  circumference,  at  the  thickeft 
part  of  the  bodv.  In  the  remote  forefti 
and  mountains,  liowever,  fome  are  found, 
but  very  feldom,  about  twenty  feet  in 
length ;  and  thefe  indeed  may  be  deffruc- 
tive  and  dangerous  to  large  animals.  In 
the  low  lands,  where  they  for  the  moll 
part  frequent  the  rice  fields,  they  Dcrcr 
attain  to  fuch  a  fize.  They  live  there  oa 
fmall  biixls,  mice  and  rati  ;  but  the  bite 
of  thefe  fnakes  is  not  coniLlered  as  poi- 
fonous." 

Another  point  in  natural  hiftory,  per- 
haps equally  fabulous  as  the  relation  of 
the  Man  upasy  is  that  refpei^ing  the  ex- 
igence of  the  unicorn.  Such  an  animal, 
indeed,  is  mentioned  in  Scripture  j  and  it 
has  been  defcribed  by  Strabo*,  Plmyf* 
^lianj,  Philejl,  and  other  ancient  au. 
thors.  Some  have  affertiKl,  that  the  ani- 
mal alluded  to  by  the  ancients,  was  the 
one  homed  rhinoceros ;  while  others  have 
controverted  this  opinion,  aid  maintained 
that  th*  rfainoceiios  is  an  animal  totally 
different.  Amongft  the  latter,  may  be 
reckoned  Julius  C»far  Scaliger,  who,  in 
his  «*  Exerciathns  againp  CardanC^  cites 
the  teftimony  of  one  of  his  friends,  who 
(aw  an  un  icorn .  That  a  belief  of  the  ex- 
iftence  of  this  animal  ilill  prevails,  is  well 
known  j  and,  as  it  may  afford  fatisfac- 
tion  to  thofe  cwriotis  in  natural  hiftoiy, 
to  be  informed  upon  what  grounds  it  is 
founded,  I  fhall  fubjoin  the  following  ex- 
tra^s.  The  Baron  de  Vollzogen,  an  of- 
ficer in  a  German  regiment,  Irnt  by  tlie 
Duke  of  Wirtcmbei-g  to  the  Dutch  E2II 
India  company,  in  one  of  his  letters  frc»m 
the  Caj>e  of  Good  Hope,  fpcaking  of  the 
royal    antelope,   andhpe  Pygm^a^  fays; 


*  «  AftMCerpf,  StreU  Gt9gr*pk.^'  Lib.  xv. 
p.  1037.  Edit.  AInielov. 

NatJ*''  Lib.  TuU  cap.  21. 
jittimr  Lib.  rvl  cajv  la. 
p.    " 
•^**  Thxh   Hi    .'iri,nal    pop^inr    Ed.  Pl^« 

TrajeflU  -id  Rhm.  1730J  ^ .*  t^«     •     ■ 

«Iwls: 


.  1037.   SM\\,.  /time 
+  "  Piim.  Hiji,  N, 

.  S3*.  Edit.  Gro:.oi 


Error f  in  Natural  Hlfiory. 


3tt 


^  I  was  told  of  fuch  a  delicate  animal. 
Paid  to  be  Ihaped  like  the  wild  buffalo, 
and  to  have  fiiiall  horns;  but  notwith- 
bnding  all  my  endeavours,  I  have  not 
:>ccn  able  to  fee  it,  uor  to  mocuiie  an  ac- 
:iiratc  defcription  of  it.  The  cafe  is  die 
Tame  with, the  macorrr,  faid  to  have  been 
fitely  difcovercd  in  the  interior  parts  of 
tlfrica.  A  planter,'  we  are  Informed, 
^aw  there  an  animal  ihaped  like  a  horfe> 
^hich  bad  one  horn  only  in  its  forehead, 
[t  was  of  a  grej  colour,  and  had  cloven 
let  i  but  his  obftr  vat  ions  extend  no  far- 
;her.  This  account  is,  in  a  certain  mea- 
ure,  confinned  by  i'ome  Hottentots,  who 
(dve  a  fomewhat  more  accurate,  though 
^ry  imperfefi,  defcription  of  an  animal 
it  the  like  kind.  People  here,  in,  general, 
}f  lieve  in  die  exigence  of  fuch  an  ani- 
nal." 

Zimmermann,  profeiTor  of  mathematics 
ind  natural  hiftory,  in  the  Caroline  Col- 
cge  at  Brunfwick*,  fpcaking  on  the  fame 
ubje^,  fays :  "  Take  away  from  the  ac- 
ounts  given  of  this  animal  by  the  an- 
:ients  wkit  is  evid^itly  fabulous,  and 
illb  what  belongs  to  the  rhinoceros,  and 
he  following  will  remain  as  the  defcrip- 
ion  of  the  unicorn.  It  is  an  animal, 
vhich,  in  bulk  and^Hiape,  refembles  a 
veil  built,  middle- fized  horle,  and  which 
>ears  on  its  forehead  an  untwifted,  fmooth, 
harp- pointed  horn,  two  ells  in  lengtli. 
^lolt  authors  give  it  alfo  a  mane  and 
I  ihort  tail,  like  that  of  a  fwine.  It  in- 
ubits  the  unfrequented  interior  parts  of 
ndia,  or  of  Africa.  Pliny,  ^lian,  and 
»ther  ancient  authors,  make  India  proper 
o  be  the  place  of  its  refidence,  Bar- 
holinf  fays,  that  he  heard,  from  a  prince 
n  Guinea,  that  in  the  deiart  of  Cano, 
litre  were  unicorns  known  there  by  the 
lamc  of  Tircbina,  and  that  this  Atirican 
tad  {ten  Ibnie  of  them  dead.  On  account 
't  their  fwiftaefs  ihvy  could  never  be 
aught  alive.  The  horn  was  only  three 
pans  in  length.  Bertoman,  who  is  indeed 
tjten  fabulous,  places  the  unicorn  in 
i^thlopia ;  and  Carcias  ab  Horto  |  make« 
ts  native  country  to  be  Africa  alfo,  viz. 
hat  part  which  extends  from  Cape  Cor* 
ientcs  to  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope.'' 

"  It  may  be  aflted,'*  contmues  Mr. 
-inuncrmann,  "  how  I  thought  of  Intro- 
ucing  an  animal  which  has  been  cond- 
cred  by  ahxwft  all  xoologifts  as  fabu- 

*  **  Gatgrapkijcbt  Gtftbitttt.  dt  Mauben  uud 
tr  xiorflfufKn  tbiirt."  voU  ii..p.  X58, 

t  ''  BoiUfoHnttsitUnkiinm.'*  Amftch  1687. 
.  n«. 

t  **  GmwtA^^jtwm.  Hift.'*  JUb.  i. 
*?'  14. 


lous.  For  this,'''  adds  hc>  <<lhavemoco 
than  one  reafon,  though  my  intention  i^ 
rather  to  exr.refs  a  doubt  refpc6ling  the 
non-exidence  of  the  unicorn,  than  to  a£« 
£rm  that  there  is  really  fuch  an  animal 
in  nature.  In  the  firft  place,  the  ac- 
counts given  of  it  by  the  ancients  arc  not 
abfolutely  incongruous  |  they  do  not 
fpcak  of  it  as  ot  the  fph3mx,  the  griHin, 
and  other  monfters  ;  but  as  of  an  animal 
which  appears  to  diifer  ftarcely  fo  muck 
from  the  moli  common,  as  the  rhinoceros, 
or  the  giraffe  $  lb  that  the  coiTcfponding 
teflimouy  of  almod  ail  the  ancient  natu- 
ralilU  feems  to  deferve  fome  attentidu 
Secondly,  I  find  in  its  favour  the  ttStl- 
mony  of  fome  modern  authors,  one  of 
whom  afferts  tliat  he  l^w  two  unicorns 
alive.  Lewis  Barthemi,  or  Bertoman% 
in  his  travels,  which,  indeed,  in  Come 
places,  appear  to  contain  falihood*  faysj 
that  he  law,  near  the  temple  of  Mecca* 
two  live  unicorns,  which  even  tliac  weie 
conlidered  as  a  wonderful  animal.  Tliey 
were  ihaped  like  an  horfe;  were  of  a 
yellowiih  brown,  or  weafei  colour^  had 
a  head  and  legs  like  a  ftag,  with  a 
ftraight  horn  tl^  ells  long,  and  a  mane, 
feet  cloven,  like  thofe  of  goats }  and  the 
fore  part  of  their  hind  legs  thickly  co* 
vered  with  hair.  One  ot  them,  he  fayv 
was  younger  and  fmaller  than  the  other. 
They  bojh  lecmed  to  be  very  fpirited, 
though  not  untradlable}  and  tliey  had 
been  fent  from  Ethiopia,  as  a  great  ra« 
rityfin  order  to  be  prefentcd  to  the  fuUaai 
of  Mecca*" 

"  I  have  not,"  continues  he,  **  made 
thefe  obfervations  through  ibndnefs  for 
paradox,  but  to  Ihew  that  we  ought  noc 
to  be  too  precipitate  in  reje^ing  the  ib> 
called  fables  of  the  ancients>  and  to  ren- 
der future  travtUerf  more  attentive.  It 
was  not  till  lately  that  we  obtained,  bjr 
means  of  Dr.  Sparrmann,  a  proper  know- 
ledge of  the  two- horned  rhinoceros,  whlcb 
was  well  known  to  the  ancients.  Figures^ 
of  the  unicorn,  which  have  been  copied 
by  Le  Bi-uynf ,  are  not  only  to  be  Iccn- 
on  the  ruins  of  Pcrfepolis,  but  among 
the  moderns.  Kuyfch,  in  his  edition  of 
"  JohnfiotCs  Natural  iHiftoryi;'^  has  coi- 
le^ed  levcral  of  them." 

It  appears,  therefore,  that  Proftflor 
Zimmeimaim  docs  not  entirely  reje(5l  as 
fabulous,  the  accounts  given  of  the  uni* 

•  **  Tr/mcis  c/  Lewh  SfirU^ma^  or  yetto» 
ma^nin  Pvrcbas  Pilgr,^^  vol.  ii,  p.  1x89, 

\  **  CemeL  de  Bntyji^sReizcrt.*''  Amft.  17X1. 
fol.  tab.  xz6.  p.  IZ9, 

J  *?  R/yfcL  Thictnim  Urnvt*^  om,  j^tmel^' 
Amftel*  271$.  t.  ii.  p.  ax.  tab.  10,  2z,  xa.  ^ 

corn 


34* 


German  EjiMtJhtnent  fir  IndcnlatiiHi 


corn  by  the  ancients ;  and  that  there  are 
Ibine,  though  very  weak  grounds,  for 
believing  that  Aich  an  animal  may  ft  ill 
Ibmcwhcre  cxift.  With  the  interior  parts 
cf  Atrica,  where  it  is  iuppofed  to  refide» 
we  are  utterly  unacquainted  j  and  it  is 
conTequently  impofTible  to  lay,  what  that 
country  may  contain  in  its  immenle  bo* 
il»m*.  It  is,  however,  to  be  hoptd,  from 
the  ihcreaiing  fpirit  of  enterpriie  and 
thirft  for  knowledge,  which  charafterifc 
the  prelent  ag^-,  that  thtrfe  pathlefs  re- 
gions may,  at  fome  futui-e  period,  be 
explored;  and  that  the  truth  or  falfity  of 
the  exiftcnce  of  this  animal  will  then  be 
fully  detcniiined.  A  Traveller. 
London^  0^.  i,  1797. 

.    Tq  thiEJUorqf  the  Ahnihfy  Magazine, 

SIR, 

IN  your  Magazine  for  laft  December, 
I  partioilaily  noticed  a  ftatcment  re> 
ktive  to  the  lucceis  which  has  attended 
the  pradice  of  Inoculation  in  London. 
From  the  report  of  the  hofpital  for  ino- 
culation, it  appears,  that  ot  1300  perfons 
on  whom  that  experiment  has  been  made, 
only  tw9  have  died  in  the  courfe  of  the 
feimer  year.  This  extraordinary  in- 
ftance  ot  fuccef^  muft  convince  even  the 
moft  fceptical  among  your  readers  of  the 
brneiictal  confequences,  which  cannot 
fail  to  i-efult  from  the  gener;tl  adoption  of 
a  plan,  by  which  ib  many  thouiands  of 
our  fellow  ci-eatures  may  be  faved  from  an 
tintimely  grave.  But  as  the  praflice  of 
inoculation,  in  Germany  (however  be- 
neficial, has  not  been  attended  with  a 
fuccefs  which  bears  any  proportion  to  the 
tbove  iiatemcni,  I  am  induced  to  tranf- 
mit  the  following  fuccinfl  account  of  an 
inftftution  lately  eftabliihed  in  the  prin- 
cipality of  Halberftadt,  for  the  total 
prevention  and  f  eradication  of  this  dil- 
temper,  I  am,  &c. 

Hambttrgb,  Philanthropos. 

Jafl,i%y  1798. 

The  number  of  perfons  who  annually 
fall  viflims  to  the  ravages  of  the  fmall 

•  In  old  books  of  travels  and  old  map$, 
many  wonderful  things  occur  rcfpeding  the 
Interior  .parts  of  Africa  j  fuch,  for  example, 
as  nations  who  employed  lioos  in  war:  people 
with  teeth  like  tnofe  of  tygers,  and  others 
with  long  white,  or  yellow  hair  $  amasons 
-and dwarfi  j  people  with  monftrous  lips,  who 
lisve  no  language,  t}r  cannot  fpeak ;  and  men 
arho  feed  upon  locuils  and  elephants. 

■f  A  very  intercfting  and  learned  treat ife 
00  the  <«  Ext'trffiticn  of  the  Hmjll  Pox^**  has 
been  lately  poblifhed  by  the  ccUbsated  Dr. 
SASbiaia  cf  Naples* 


pox,  m  Germany,  ti  coinptttcd,  00  ai 
average,  at  70,000.  Since  the  fear 
i7it,  fi;eneral  attempts  Itave  been  made 
to  check  the  fatal  progrefit  of  this  difi>rder, 
by  introducing  the  pradlice  of  inocu- 
lation :  but  mxr  bills  of  mortality  tiir- 
ni/h  l^t  too  evident  a  proof,  that  the 
fucce.s  has  hitherto  by  no  mt^is  anfwered 
t!ie  expedlation.  Several  enlightened 
phyficians  have,  therefore,  foggefted  the 
propriety  and  nccertiry  of  employing  the 
fame  means  of  prtffaution  in  arreftin^ 
the  de(lrii6live  march  of  this  cruel  dif- 
eafe,  as  are  adopted  Jo  the  ca/e  of  the 
plague.  For  this'ptlrpole,  they  advile 
the  interference  of  the  jx)lice  of  the  coun- 
trv,  by  caufii  g  hofpitals  to  be  erected,  to 
which,  all  peribns  mfefted  with  the  dif- 
order  ihould  be  compelled  to  repair  {• 
In  the  month  of  Auguft  if^6,  the  CoU 
lege  of  Phyficians,  in  the  Prufiian  ftates, 
made  a  report  to  the  king,  ftrongiy  re- 
commending  the  adoption  of  fuch  a  regu- 
lation, the  necefiity  of  which  was  iUU 
more  forcibly  evinced  by  the  bills  of  mor« 
tality  for  the  principality  of  Halbcrftadt. 
which  exhioited  a  tnoumful  lift  of  781 
perfons,  who  had  fallen  viflims  to  this 
di (order  within  the  year.  It  was  re(bived 
accordingly,  to  make  a  praftical  expe- 
riment of  theprojcft,  by  eftablilhing  a 
Small  Pox  Hofpital,  in  the  city  of  Halber- 
ftadt,  the  capital  of  the  principality* 
This  benevolent  inftitution,  it  is  but 
juftice  to  remark,  is  in  great  meafure 
owing  to  the  a^ive  zeal  and  public  fpirit 
of  the  Re^or  of  Halberftadt. 

In  the  eref^ion  of  this  hofpital,  the 
views  of  the  founders  extend  farther  than 
to  the  mere  cure  of  the  fevcral  patients. 
Their  aim  is  to  afcertain  the  poffibility 
of  totally  eradicating  this  diftempcr; 
which,  however  vifionary  and  diimerical 
the  attempt  may  appear,  to  thofe  who 
regard  the  fmall-pox  as  an  inevitable 
malady,  is  fnpported  bv  ftrong  argu- 
ments of  probability,  and,  indeed,  has  in 
part  been  rcalifed  by  the  fuccefs  attendant 
on  a  fimiiar  inftitution  in  the  province  of 

J  Similar  regulations  have  been  adoftci 
in  various  parts  of  England,  panic uUxly  ia. 
Oxfordiliire.  Whether  this  regulation  ob- 
tains, at  prcfent,  I  am  not  competent  ^ 
determine,  bat  fome  years  fince  no  pctieiits 
bbouring  under  the  fmall  pox  were  fnffered 
to  remain  in  their  houfes,  and  commnnicate 
the  diforder  to  fociety  at  large.  They  were 
taken  immediately  to  an  hofpital  efbblifted 
for  this  pnVpofe  {  and  their  ncAreft  relatires 
were  not  permitted  to  vifit  tfaem,  till  all 
danger  of  communicating  the  conugion  was 
paft.  Sec  further,  Dr.  HatcaStm^s  ex- 
cellent "  Tc€Mtift9n  tke  trw9engi6:F9f  thtutt^l 
Small  P^r  .      ^  .      . 


Prruenftcn  tf  Sm^  PoxL..Wintir  ^ams  9n  thi  Wye.        34.4 


Rhode  Iflandy  in  North  America;  To 
:!iis  iflilance,  I  ih'all  add  fome  fa£ls« 
vhlch  have  fallen jundcr  my  own  immedi- 
t:c  cognifaoce,  duiing  a  temporary  fo- 
j.im  in  France,  and  which  pEovc,  in 
ny  humble  optnioiiy  the  pi^^icability  of 
I  preventative  fyllnn.  The  depa^pent 
fthc  Cote  d*Or,  contains  a  commune^ 
rolaced  af  it  were,  from  the  reft  of  the 
province,  -by  a  range  of  mountains, 
/hich  of  courfe  excludes  them  in  a  great 
iieaiure  from  all  eofvmiunication  with  the 
righbouring  dlilri^^.  In  this  com- 
nunc,  the  memorif  of  the  oldeft  inhabit- 
nt  cannot  fumilh  a  Tingle  inftance  of 
i  perfon  mfe6led  with  the  fmall  pox 
mongft  them.  But,  then,  the  inhabit- 
nts  no  fooner  are  apprized  that  the 
Vmptoms  of  this  cruel  difeaf^  have  ap  • 
'rarcd  amoag  their  neighbours,  than 
li'.y  fcrupuloufly  abftain  from  all  inter- 
ourfc  with  them.  In  Dijon,  no  f3rmp- 
o\m  of  the  fmall  pox  had  manifeilcd 
hemlclves  for  a  conddei'able  number  of 
\.ars,  when,  unfortunately,  the  wife  of 
n  organift  and  mufic-mafter,  refident  in 
hat  town,  neceived».a  letter  from  her 
Kt,  who  lived  at  Aix,  informing  her 
i:it  ilie  lay  dangerously  ill  of  the  fmall 
ox.  This  letter,  the  munc-roaller^s 
•  ife  kept  in  hei*  pocket,  and  not  many 
ays  after  complamcd  of  a  violent  pain 
n  her  head.  A  phyfician  was  immedi- 
tely  confultcd,  who,  on  examining  his 
anient,  pronounced  her  illnefs  to  be  the 
nail-pox;  which  pro^oftication  wis 
>on  verified.  Meanwhile,  her  hufband, 
rho  was  in  the  prance  of  giving  lelfons  • 
n  the  hai*pnchord,  not  being  willing  to 
('creaii;  his  profits  by  neele£ling  hin 
:hoIars  during  his  wife's  illnefs,  con- 
nued  to  repeat  his  daily  yifits  of  inflruc- 
ion.  In  a  ytry  fhort  time  the  contagion 
ecame  general  in  every. family  where  he 
lught}  and,  from  the  precin^ls  of  the 
)wn,  commiv^icated  to  tne  adjacent  vil- 
^((tft ;  and,  in  brief,  to  the  diftrifl  at 
irge;  where  a  confide'rable  number  of 
erlons  fell  vi^ims  to  the  virulence  of  a 
iiurder,  whioh,  if  proper  means  of  pre- 
mtlon  had  been  fpeedily  employed, 
'duld,  in  slU  probability,  have  been  con- 
ned to  a  fingle  patient. 
As  a  farther  proof  that  the  progrefs  of 
:>ntagion  depends  entirely  upon  the 
>mmunication  by  conta^,  may  be  ad- 
need  the  following  intex-cfting  expcri- 
lent,    made  at  Paris.      In  one  of  the 


dtrinf^ 


railing,  fo  that  the  tenants  of  eath  refpec* 
tive  divifion  could  lee  and  converfe  wlthf 
each  other,  but  were  kept  at  fuch  a  dU 
ftance  as  to  prevent  any  poflible  commtx* 
nicatlon  by  contaft.  One  of  thefe  divi* 
fions  was  occupied  by  children  infefted 
with  tlie  finall-pox ;  the  other,  by  a  party 
who  were  exempt  from  all  variolous  taint; 
Notwithftanding  both  parties  breathed 
the  fame  air,  and  convened  hourly  toge- 
ther, none  of  the  children  not  previoufly 
infedled,  caught  the  diforder.  Aftron^er 
proof,  I  apprehend,  cannot  be  f\imi(hed 
of  the  ultimate 'pra6licability  of  totally^ 
eradicating  this  cruel  dileafe,  by  the 
adoption  of  a  preventive  fyftem,  fane* 
tioned  bv  the  legillature,  and  converted 
iqto  an  obje6l  of  national  police. 

For  the  MoatUy  Magasdm, 
^i  Phenomena  of  the  Wyb, 
the  ly'inter  qf  1797-8. 

THE  enehanting  beauties  of  the  River 
Wye,  of  fuch  parts  at  leaft  at  lie 
betwinn  Rofs  and  Chepftow,  are  by  thii 
time  pretty  generally  known  among  the 
lovers  of  the  pi^^urefque.  .  They  hate 
acquired  a  due  celebrity  from  the  aefcrip* 
tions  of  Gilpin,  and  curioiity  has  beea 
inflamed  by  poetry  and  by  profi;,  by 
paintings,  prints,  and  drawings,  till 
they  have  been  rendered  a  fubje6l  of  uni» 
verlal  converfation ;  and  an  excuHJon  oa 
the  Wye  has  become  an  elTential  part  of 
the  education,  as  it  were,  of  all  who  al^ 
pire  to  the  reputation  of  elegance,  tafte^ 
and  fafhion.  ^ut  artifts  in  general  are  a 
fort  pf  butterfly  race — ^they  expand  their 
wings  only  in  the  genial  rays  of  the  fuo^ 
when  the  rofe  is  in  bloom,  and  zephyrs 
,play  with  the  foliage  of  the  grove.  In 
thofe  chilling  months,  when  vegetation  it 
'  at  a  fbmd — when  the  bleak  rock  cafts  itf 
long  ihadow  over  fcenes  of  equal  ftei'ilitY 
— when  the  rivers  are  turbid  with  defcendU 
ing  torrent!,  or  locked  io  icy  fetters,  and 
the  mountains  are  covered  with  a  veil  of 
fnow,  they  remain  wrapped  up  in  their  co<- 
iCons,  Ihrinking' from  the  blaft,  and  ftran^ 
gei  8  to  the  ftcm  magnificence  of  Winter. . 
This,  in  the  proftfled  artift  at  leaft,  is 
not  very  wife.  Nature,  to  he  underftood^ 
(hould  be  ftudied  in  all  her  varieties.  Ta 
know  how  to  cloath  her  to  the  beft  ad« 
vantage,  we  muft  (bip  her  naked.  The 
anatomy,  if  I  may  lb  exprefs  myfelf,  of 
woods  and  hills,  U  as  eflentiai  to  the 
landfcape  painter,  as  that  of  the  human 


ui'pitals  of  tiiis  city,  a  ward  was  pur-  form  to  the  hiftorical  branch  of  the  a4ti 

ufrly  fhted  up  for  afcertaining  this  im-  and  the  leaflefs  grove,  the  difxnantled  hiU, 

nrtant  point.     It  was  divided  into  two  nay,  the  very  gloom  of  night  itfelf,  wh*n 

arts,    |rt>arited  by  a  double  jange  of  npthing  is  ditfceniible  buc  the  mere  cuz^ 

Mosritr  ilAC.  No.  xarxi,  "  Ty  -  '      '        *-           •  "       !»• 


i» 


iSienes  6n  thi  tf^ye. 


fine  of  furrouading  mounfaint^  ma]r 
f\irniih  more  important  leflons  to  die  ob* 
icnrantartUltthan  even  tbc  fineft  pi€ture« 
of  FouiEn  and  Claud  Loraine.  Wkh 
this  laft  reflexion  I  was  particularly  iro- 

Sreflcd  at  the  latter  end  of  laft  Autumn^ 
nring  a  no^lumal  walk  in  the  neigh* 
l)ourhood  of  ISuilth.  The  night  was 
dark  and  comfortlefs — no  raoon»  no  ftar 
In  the  firmament;  and  the  atmoA>here  was 
to  thick  with  vapours  and  defcending 
powers,  that  even  the  courfe  of  the  river 
«ras  fcarcely  difcemible.  In  lhort»  no- 
thing was  vifible  but  a  (Icy  of  moft 
fuUengrejy  and  one  vaft  fable  mafs  of 
^irroundingmountaini  ikirting  on  either 
Bde  the  iinuous  valley,  and  Drefcribing  in 
mnry  direflioa  the  bounas  of  viiicm. 
Never  before  was  I  fo  dee|Siy  imprrfled 
frith-  the  power  of  mere  outline.  Here 
v^ere  no  aiverfities  of  tint,  no  varied 
mafles  of  light  and  fhadows  i  the  whole 
piAure  conufted  of  one  bold,  unbroken, 
DUt  eternally  diverfif^ing  lin?,  and  two 
kroad  maiTes  of  modined  ihade — 

«<  No  light,  but  rather  darkncfi  vifible)'* 

sod  yet  the  eye  was  feafted,  and  the  ima- 
gination was  filled  with  mingled  impref- 
Hons  of  fublimTty  and  beauty. 

Neither  is  it  with  a  view  to  ftudy  only, 
that  tbefe  diverfities  of  nature  fliould  be 
^onfulted  t  the  ^unfyue  of  ffhiter  has 
charafteriftic  charms 'of  its  own,  with 
vrhich  the  generality  of  artifts  feem  but 
little  acquamted;  but  which,  nevertlie- 
lefsi  are  as  worthy  of  the  imitation  of 
the  pencil,  as  the  luxuriancy  of  Summer, 
0r  the  mellow  tints  of  Autumn.  This 
Ss  diftinguiihingly  the  cafe  in  rocky  and 
anountatnous  countries.  Where  the  fce- 
Bery,  indeed,  is  more  level,  and  nature 
deals  but  little  in  tbegrfat  ofma&tff  the 
gaiety  of  Spring,  the  wanton  drapery  of 
Summer,  or  the  rich  colouring  of  Au- 
tumn, are  neceflary  to  difguife  the  fame 
monotony  of  uninterefting  flopes;  and 
the  eye  fickens  at  the  profpeA  of  leailefs 
planutions  and  level  tra^s  of  (how. 
But  where  the  permanent  parts  of  the 
landfcape  are  well  difpofed-— where  the 
features  are  bold  and  prominent,  and 
mariced  with  decifivt  cnaraftei^— where 
the  wildnefs  of  nature  is  uniubjueated  by 
art*— and  rocks  and  mountains,  han^g 
Iforefts  and  fudden  precipices,  deep  mi- 
guous  vallies  and  precipitous  rivers, 
•tingles,  cafcades  and  headlong  torrents 
tnhiele  in  rich  diverfity,  the  charm  de- 
pends not  upon  the  accidents  of  tint  or 
decoration :  every  change  of  feafon  has 
Sts  curre^ndcnt  graces*  and  nakcdaeis 


itfelf  is  but  beautjr  without  a  veil    See- 
iKry  of  this  defcription  may  be  comparoi 
to  thoft  fupcrior  ordeo  ot  ihape  and  fea- 
ture which  conftitute  the  perfe^ioa  of  iht 
human  form  $  in  wUch  tnmfpaicnt  tioti 
and  the  moil  perieft  iyrametiy  ait  graces 
of  Mericr  magnitude,  and  beauty  i^df  is 
the  finaHer  part  of  lovelinefs— where  the 
whole     countenance    beams  eiprefCoB, 
every  feature  has  its  animaliaA  iwd  cha. 
rafter,  every  line  is  defcriptive  of  Tome 
kmd  or  elevatedpaftm,  and  every  glance, 
every  gefture,  every  motion  U  eloquent 
of  (ympathv  and  intaUigence.    Such  are 
the  rarras  tnat  owt  not  their  attnftioni 
to  the  wanlrobe — ^the  channs  that  never 
cloy— that  fade  not  even  in  the  winter  of 
old  age— the  fubtime  of  human  nature! 
or  the  character  I  have  dcfcribed  ti 
the  general  Icenery  in  the  iM^ighbourhood 
of  the  Wye.     It  abounds  with  chara^er 
^•always  pifturefque  or  romantic,  and 
frequently  both  together.    Gardens  and 
plesiiure  grounds  have  little  to  do  in  the 
creation  of  its  attra^ions :  diverfities  of 
foliage  are  but  fecondary  confiderations. 
Its  rocks,  its  moifttains,  its  dingles^  its 
precipices,  coni^itute  a  more  permanent 
and  a  fuperior  charm ;  and  ftill  more  the 
intricate  meanders  of  the  river,  and  the 
eternal  diverfity  of  its  bed  and  current—      | 
here  deepf  majeftic,  flow — ^there  huddling 
and  brawling  over  a  wide  expanfe  of  peb- 
bles—and now  again  foaming  over  raggrd 
flrata  of  proje£ng  rocks,  or  eddying 
round  the  huge  fragments  that  have  rolled 
from  the  neighbouring  mountains.    In 
dry  weather  this  interdling  river  fhrinki 
to  a  comparative  rivulet,  and  the  oenfive 
wanderer  who  faunters  by  its  fide,  sd- 
miring,  throurh  its  tranQ>arent  fiream, 
the  fucceilive  ftrata  of  &nd»  of  mw)» 
and  of  rock,  over  which  it  flows,  has  his 
ear  regaled  in  t^  few  hundred  paces  with 
»ll  die  varieties  of  plaintive  Q^ad,  from 
the  fsinteft  murmurings  to  ihe  fulien  roar. 
At  other  times  it  will  fuddenly  fwell  to 
a  boifterous  and  overwhelmii^  (ea ;  rif* 
ing  tnany  feet,  nay,  many  yards,  in  s 
fingle  night,  fweepmg  every  t|ung  befoit 
it,  overwhelming  the  vailejrs  whetver  it 
finds  an  opening  between  the  hills,  and 
exhibiting  one  continued  fcene  of  tcrnbk 
and  tumultuous  grandeur.     Thcie  cir- 
cumftancea  produce  a  charm  £6  independ* 
ent  of  thofe  accidents  and  mimttrr  bean* 
ties  which  conftitute*  the  attraftton  of  left 
majefiic  fcenes,  that  you  might  even  fell 
every  tree,  and  exterminate  every  fcnib, 
without  deftroying  the  fublimity,  or  eres 
the  beauty  of  the  fcene :  for  the  riterand 
the  sQonataiiia  vmald  (Uil  icmai&i  the 


7be  Pbenmtna  of  Wlntir  on  thi£anh  of  the  Wyu        34j 


IblM  featuret  of  the  landfcspe  would  be 
yet  multeredi  and,  like  the  mere  iketches 
and  outlines  of  a.  fuperior  maftcr,  would 
command  the  admiration  of  every  judi- 
cio\is  beholder.  This  being  the  cafe>  it 
will  be  readily  concluded,  that  in  every 
feafonof  the  year,  the  Wye  and  tlte  furr 
rounding  country  have  their  appropriate 
charmt^     • 

My  firftrifit  to  thefe  parts  was  m  the 
middle  6f  Autumn— a  fcafon,  if  tJic  wea- 
ther had  been  fine>'  the  moll  favourable 
of  any  to  the  Ibver  t)f  the  pi£lui-efquc  ; 
and  havine  feen  t|K  country  adorned  with 
all  the  mellow  tints^X)f  a  luxuriant  and 
decaying  foliage,  it  might  naturally  be 
expcacd,    that    when   I  afterwards    re- 
turned, at  the  latter  end  of  November, 
I  (hould  be  fomewhat  diffatisficd  with  the 
chilling  nakedncJ's  of   Winter.      This, 
however,  was  fo  far  from  being  the  cafe, 
that  I  had  not  been  long  at  my  little  cot- 
tage (fituated  on  one  of  the  fined  cuiTes 
of  this  r6mantic  river)  before  I  was  con- 
vinced  that,  in  fuch  a  country,  Winter 
has  as  many  varieties  as  Summer;  and 
that  her  phenomena    not    always    lefs 
beautiful,    aie  certainly  more   fublime. 
Heavy  falls  of  fhow,  that  whitened  over 
th«  mountains,  no  fooner  began  to  melt, 
than  the  river  fwclled  to  a  turbid  and 
boiftcrous  tonrent ;   the  rage  and  awful 
impetuoiity  of  which  cannot  be  conceived 
by  thofc  who  arc  acquainted  only  with 
the  torpid    fcrcnity  of    Engliih  rivers. 
The  grandeur  of  this  fccne  was  confidvr- 
abiy  heightened  by  the  rains  which  fuc- 
ceeded  at  the  clofe  of  November,  and 
during  a  confidtrable  part  of  the  enfuing 
month.     Such  torrents,  indeed,  as  were 
poured  upon  us  from  the  clouds,  during 
this  fcafon,  are  unprecedented,  as  far  as 
I  can  underftand,  in  the  memory  of  man. 
The  efie6b   were  proportionate   to  the 
caurc.    The  river  was  repeatedly  fwoln, 
and  enraged  (twice  in  particular)  to  a 
degree  never  before  remembered,  except 
on  the  melting  of  the  Icvere  tix)lt  in  the 
month  of  February  1795  i  on  which  oc- 
cafioii,  as  I  underftand,   was  exhibiied 
one  of  the  moft  tremendous  fccnes  that 
ever  was  beheld.      Rails,    land-marks, 
trees  innumerable,    and  even  (hecp  and 
cattle,  were  borne  dowi\  by  therapui  tor- 
rents  from   the   mountains,   or  whirled 
away  from  the  mcailows  and  low  lands 
by  the  infuriated   courfe   of  the  river  j 
whole   plantations   were  ihattered,    and 
fcvcral  bridge*  were  entirely  fwcpt  away. 

Vail  .tibals  01  ice,  mingling  and  crafliing 

with  tisc  general    wreck,    increafed  the 

*  f3;^on  of 'thc-f«ene|  and.m  4i»  ^4 


uproar  of  the  torrents  and»  in  ftort, 
from  the  account  I  have  received  from  m^ 
prcdeceflbi''  in   this  Httlc  farm,   (eartWk 

Suakes  and  volcanos  excepted),  a  mott 
ibliroe  piaure  of  dcfolation  could  hardly 
be  imagined.    The  inundations  of  thijj 
Winter  were  not  quite  fo  deftructive  ill 
their  career.     They  were  not,  however^ 
without  their  fublimity  or  their  terrors ; 
and  once  in  particular,  our  whole  valley 
fccmed  ihrcattned,  as  it  were,  with  ait 
univerfal  deluge.    Through  fome  of  our 
roads  our  hories  were  obliged  rattier  to 
fwim  than  to  wade;  and, though  my  cot^ 
tage  ftandi  higher  by  fcveral  yards^thad 
the  river  has  ever  been*  known  to  fwell, 
even  in  the  moft  dreadftil  floods,  we  were 
not  free   from  inundation  from  an^c' 
quarter  :  for  the  water  that  poured  trtnt 
the  mountain,  not  being  able  to  find  mt- 
ficient  vent  through  the  little  drngrU  that 
divides   my    orcbaid  plot,    flooded   th* 
whole  road,   fpread  itlelf  over  the  fur^ 
rounding  green,  and  found  its  way  mt^ 
all  the  apartments  of  the  ground  floor. 
At  the  fame  time,  a  mill  that  ftands  oa 
the  Radnorlhire  fide  of  the   river,  wat 
overwhelmed  almoft  to  the  veiy  roof,  and 
the  inhabitants  were  obliged  to  efca^  td 
the   higher   neighbourhood    for   latety. 
In  the  mean  time,  the  phenomena  were 
very  grand  j  and,  wrapped  up  m  a  large 
rouglfcoat,    I    enjoyed  the  mtereftmg 
fcencs   from   an  elevated  alcove,  whicl> 
overhangs  the  river,  and  comniands,  at 
one  view,  an  cxtenfivc  reach  of  its  Icr- 
pcntine   mcandeis   above,    and   a    molt 
peculiar    and    romantic   curve    below: 
along  the  former  of  which  the  torr«it 
came  pouring  in  a  rapid  and  majeltic 
courfe,  while  through  the  other  it  hud- 
dled  along,    foaming  and  dalhmg  and 
raeuig  againft  the  banks,  tumblmg  from 
rot k  to  rock  with  a  deafening  roar,  Mid 
whirling,  in  its  impetuous  eddies,  frag- 
ments Mid  limbs   and  trunks  of  trees, 
which  it  had  torn  away  in  iu  courie.    In 
the  mekn  time,    the  dim  perfpeftive  of 
hill  beyond  hill,  and  mountain  towenngr 
above  mountain,  in  all  the  varieties  of 
the  piaurefque  and  romantic  form,  the 
general  hazinefs  pf  the  atmofphere,  the 
occaJional  rays  of  the  fun  tinging  with 
tranfient  glow  fome  rock  or  paftun?,  or 


hanging  wood,  and  the  vaft  mafles  ot 
heavy  vapour  falling  through  the  air, 
completed  the  fublimity  of  the  fccne. 
Nor  is  rcfleaion  embittered  by  ^J*^"""* 
upon  the  confequenccs  of  thefe  flood* « 
foi*  the  ravages  they  commit  are  more 
than  coropcnSted  by  the  good  which  they 
diltribute.  Tl^  wood  that  i»  thus  bort 
*  Yy  »  '^      ^*^^ 


346 


Tour  in  Ireland. 


down  {urniihet  a  fupply  of  fiiel  to  the 
fniToundiBg  cottagers;  who,  on  thefe 
occafionsy  plant  themfelves  on  the  banks 
of  the  riTcr,  with  hooks  in  their  hands^ 
mounted  upon  long  poles,  and  fifh  for  the 
logs  as  they  are  fwept  along.  I  am  cre- 
dibly informed  that,  by  means  of  thefe 
lieavY  floods,  and  the  icicle  froft,  of 
which  I  am  to  fpeak  hereafter,  this  fpecies 
cf  log*fiihing  nas  been  fo  profitable  to 
the  poorer  people  of  the  town  of  Hay, 
that  there  are  few  of  thtro  who  are  not 
J>y  this  rcfource  fupplicd  with  a  fufficient 
quantity  of  fuel  for  the  confumption  of 
Ae  whole  winter.  At  the  fame  time, 
wherever  the  inundation  has  room  to 
ipread,  a  more  permanent  advantage  is 
oifpenfed  to  the  counti-y  at  large :  a  cheap 
and  invaluable  manure  is  ^read  over  the 
meadows  I  and  encreafmg  lertility  is  the 
consequence.  This  advantage,  however, 
IS  not  without  its  alloy.  Inftead  of  a 
coat  of  nunyre,  a  thick  ftratum  of  peb- 
bles and  coarfe  gravel  is  fometimes 
thrown  up  by  the  torrent  -,  and  I  am  in- 
jformcd,  that  feme  meadows  belonging 
•to  a  farmer  m  Hercfordihire,  have  been 
very  materially  injured  in  this  manner 
during  the  prefcnt  winter.  Circum- 
ftances  of  this  kind  however  are  rare ; 
but  the  manuring  is  unlverial;  and  in 
this  country,  at  fcaft,  where  our  low  lands 
arc  almoft  uniformly  converted  into  pa- 
flure,  inundations  are  always  favourable 
to  the  farmer.  Nor  are  our  high  lands 
without  their  fhare  of  the  benefit:  for 
the  praftice  of  flooding  is  gencially 
adqpted  amongft  us,  and  there  is  I'carcely 
a  hill  but  what,  in  a  wet  feafon,  may 
have  its  verrows  (or  fluices)  o(iened 
almoft  to  the  very  fummit,  and  be  fed 
)>y  the  fifrtilizing  ftrcam. 

Idjfwem,  March  a. .  J-  T. 

fTa  be  continue^,) 

For  the  Monthly  Magazine, 

J  TovK  from  London  to  Dublin  ami 
fime  others  Parts  of  Ireland  ;  'oiz, 
the  CouriTies  of  Kildare  ,and 
WiciCLOW,  matte  in  the  Summer  of 

(Continued  ffm  yamgry  179S,  fa^t'  l^.) 

THE  next  public  buikling,  which  I 
(hall  mention,  is  the  cu(lom-hou(e 
•f  Dublin,  an  edifice  of  moft  excellent- 
external  appearance,  and  fuchr  as  feems 
extremely  well  calculated  to  anfwer  as  an 
emblem  of  the  firft  commercial  city  in 
Ihcunlyerfei  but  alas  I  unhappy  Ireland, 
|he  910ft  fuperiiciAl  traveller  into  your 


idand,  muft  perceire  that  this  is  i 
mockery.  This  building  has  four  hand- 
fome  fronts,  alldiflTcring  a  little  from  each 
Other ;  the  fouth,  next  the  river  Liffcy, 
is  of  Portland  ftone,  in  the  centre  of 
which  is  erefted  a  cupola,  of  very  beau- 
tiful "Vu-chitefture,  terminating  upon  the 
top  by  a  finely  fculptured  figtire  of  com- 
merce leaning  upon  her  bales  ^nd  her  an- 
chor. Every  fpe^lator  and  Yeadcr  muft 
agree  with  me,  that  this  is  the  rooft  fu- 
perlative  job  tha^^ver  was  jobbed,  when 
I  relate  that  this  edifice,  wbofe  ufe,  in- 
tent and  meaning,  Iho^ld  be  a  place,  or 
houfc  for  the  colleftion  of  taxes,  coft 
above  half  a  million  of  money :  and  that 
more  than  one  half  of  this  building  is  for 
no  other  purpofe  than  the  refidcnce  of  the 
firft  and  fecond  commiflioners  of  cuftoms, 
and  the  two  fecretaries  in  that  depart- 
ment ;  all  of  whofc  apartmeiUs  have  been 
not  only  built,  but  fumiftied  in  the  moft 
expenfive  manner:  fuch,  as  mahogany 
doors,  large  plates  of  looking  glafs,  &c. 
&c.  and  in  fliort,  the  whole  plucked  from 
the  public  purle  with  an  audacious  and 
infuiting  prodigality;  and,  monftrous  as 
thefe  truths  mull  appear,  it  is  no  left 
monftrous  than  true,  that,  in  order  10 
gratify  the  inflated  ambition  of  thofe 
jobbers,  many  of  the  offices  in  this  build- 
ing, neccflary  for  public  utility  and  con- 
venience, are  fo  cramped,  crowded,  and 
darkened,  that  one  in  particular,  vis.  the 
ftationary-office,  a  place  filled  with  paper, 
&«.  has  not  a  gleam  of  day- light  at  any 
time  beaming  in  upon  it,  but  is  lighted 
all  the  day  by  a  number  of  bumine  oil 
lamps ;  like  a  true  Irijh  bull,  where  tnerc 
is  moft  apprehenfion  from  fire,  or  candle- 
light, it  1$  moft  to  be  found.  Decent 
decorum  Ihould  not  have  expended,  at 
the  utmoft,  more  than  50,000!.  for  the 
building  of  a  cuftom-houfe  at  D\iblin,  at 
a  time  when  more  than  half  a  million  was 
laviKhed  5  and  fuch  a  cuftom-houie,  &c. 
&c.-  as  50,0001.  cduld  ereA,  would  be 
more  than  adequate  to  any  ccmimercc 
Dublin  can  hppe  fo  experience,  or  enjoy, 
for  a  century  to  come.  There  are  many 
more  abufes  attendant  upon  this  waft^  oi 
-public  money,  which  I  might  animadvert 
upon,  but  this  is  foreign  from  my  purpofe. 
There  is  now  juft  fiiiflied,  another  ele- 
gant, and,  I  may  fay,*  a  WtU-coaftru^ed 
pile,  which  contains  the  courts  of  public 
juftice,  or,  as  has  been  lon^  the  phraie  ia 
Dublin*  and  not  improperly,  the  four 
COURTS;  as  the  building  contains  the 
courts  of  chancery,  king^s  bench,  com» 
mon  pleas,  and  exchequer,  all  opening 
into  a  moft  bcavtif^il  circular  baU,  richly 

ckcoratei 


7eur  in  Irelani, 


347 


decorated  by  arcliitcf^ural  and  Ihiccocd 
ornaments,  highly  pi^urefqxie  and  era- 
bieniatic  of  thofc  courts  of  joiftice.  The 
hall  it  cevered  by  a  dome,  and  above  that 
dome  rifcs  a  cupola,  which,  from  its  dc- 
r>gn,  forms  an  extema)  elevation,  not 
on/^r  partially  beautiful  to  the  building, 
but  generally  beautiftil  to  the  "  tout  en- 
jeml'h  "  of  the  whole  city.  This  edifice 
!?  enriched  with  fome  ftatues ,  .excellently 
fculptured  5  the  principal  of  which  is  a 
fiMc  figure  of  Mofes,  whkh  ftands  upon 
the  top  of  the  pediment,  over  a  very 
cVddc  and  beautiftil  inverted  fcmi-cir- 
cuiar  colonnade,  or  portico,  of  a  fancied 
Older,  nearly  Corinthian,  in  the  aft  of 
difp-^nfing  the  law  from  his  book  of  know- 
U'u^rc,  Immediately  attachsed  to  this 
building,  are  all  the  fubordtnate  officea 
dependent  upon  and  belonging  to  the  re* 
fptc^ivc  courts  of  juftice ;  but  again,  as 
if  nothing  in  this  capital  was  to  wear 
the  face  of  propriety,  or  confiftency,  much 
Lfsof  pert'eftion,  this  noble  ftrufture  Is 
»-redtd  within  a  few  feet  of  the  dlrticft 
and  moll  filthy  part  of  the  river  LilFcy, 
\ipon  a  piece  of  the  ruined  Quay,  which 
is  a6>ually  like  a  rotten  ditch  tumbling 
Y'.  jcmeal  into  the  water ;  and  again,  an 
iniividiial  of  Dublin  has  brought  an 
ti-  .tmcnt  upon  tlie  title  of  the  ground 
upon  which  the  Iriih  fages  of  the  law 
hve  caufed  this  magnificent  ftrufture  to 
be  crefled,  and,  if  I  am  rightly  informed, 
no  queftion  is  entertained  as  to  the  fuccefs 
of  his  fuit. 

Trinity  college,  the  univerfity  of 
Dublin,  founded  by  Queen  Elizabeth, 
and  governed  by  a  provoll  and  board  of 
»-;;ow«,  t«  well  worth  the  attention  of 
it  •  ngers :  it  is  a  fpacious  building, 
neither  altogether  plain  nor  gaudy  j 
wherever  architefture  is  introduced,  cha- 
it  i  y  is  preferved .  In  the  interior  of  this 
univerfity,  two  beautiful  buildings  have 
brcly  been  erefted,  each  has  a  portico  of 
columns  in  the  Corinthian  order.  The 
on?  is  an  amphitheatre  for  public  exami-  . 
nitions,  in  which  are  feme  excellent  por- 
ti-aits  of  literary  characters,  painted  by 
eminent  artifts,  fome  by  the  late  Sir 
Jolhua  Reynolds  j  as  alfo  a  very  fine  mo- 
TiUment  to  the  memory  #f  the  late  Doftor 
Buldwin,  formerly  provoft  of  this  uni- 
vrrfity,  executed  in  Italy,  by  an  Irifli 
fculptor  (Hewetfon);  it  poflTcfles  much 
animation;  fpirit,  and  corredlncfs : .  the 
expence  was  two  thoufand  guineas.  The 
tther  building,  which  ftands  direftly  op- 

f'oilte  to  this>  and  which  is  exaAly  fimi- 
>»r  extcmaHy,  is  a  chapel,  not  yet  com- 
pletely fiaiikcd  ia  the  interior.    The  U- 


hrary  is  (pacIoUfy  enmd,  and  valuabley 
adorned  with  many  buih>s  m  white  mar- 
ble, of  literary  chara£lcrf.  Tfa^reit,  ia 
what  h  called  the  Anatomy  Houfe,  which 
ftands  in  the  park,  at  the  rear  of  this  uni* 
verfity,  a  moft  curious  and  wonderful 
produiSlion  of  human  ingenuity,  of  no 
lefs  magnitude,  labour  and  fcience,  than 
a  cabinet  of  wax  models,  lat^  as  Wh^ 
and  coloured  as  in  nature,  reprelenting 
all  the  ftages  of  woman^s  womb,  from 
conception  to  the  birth  of  the  child,  moll 
exquiiitely  executed,  and  long  ian^ioncd 
by  the  moft  able  proteflbrs,  as  an  unri- 
valled produ6lion  of  excellence  and  iliuf- 
tration.  I  cannot  depart  from  this  feat 
of  learning  and  fcience,  perhaps,  not  to 
be  clafllcally  or  mctaphyhcally  exceeded 
in  Europe,  without  making  an  oblerva- 
tion,  which  I  declare  is  not  intended  dif* 
repe^fully,  but  which  firuck  me  veiy 
forcibly  upon  the  fpot;  that,  for  the  mo& 
part,  the  fellows  of  this  univerfity  have 
the  broadeft  provincial  accent  that  is  to 
be  found  among  any  other  perfons  of  i-aak 
iq  that  kingdoin.  ^ 

There  are  in  the  city  of  Dublin  many 
public  and  laudable  inftitutions,  but 
Iplendid  appearances  among  tbofe  aie 
few.  What  is  called  the  Royal  Hofpital 
ofKiinaainham  (vulgarly,  by  ibme,  the 
Old  Men's  Hofpital.),  is  a  Ui'ge,  plain^ 
brick  building,  forming  a  hollow  iquare» 
finely  elevated  at  the  weftem  extremity  of 
Dublin,  amidft  a  well  planted  piece  of 
ground,  inhabited  by  invalid  officers  and 
ibldiers;  for  whofe  aid,  together  with  a 
imall  penfinn  from  the  crown,  it  was 
eftablilhed  and  founded.  In  a  part  of 
this  building,  is  a  commodious  liiite  of 
apartments,  occupied  by  the  commander 
in  chief  of  the  army  in  Ireland  (for  the 
time  being),  at  which  place  the  chief  go- 
vernor, or  lord  lieutenant j  is  frequently 
entertained.  Indeed  the  Marquis  of 
Buckingham,  during  a  part  of  his  ad- 
mlniftration,  redded  at  thofe  apartments* 
The  next  hofpital  which  claiips  the  at^ 
tentlon  of  a  public  obferver,  is  the  Blue 
Coat  Hofpital,  founded  for  the  mainte- 
nance and  education  of  the  fons  of  de- 
cayed free  citizens  of  Dublin ;  this  foimd- 
ation,  howcvir,  has  been  ftrangely  |)er- 
vcrtrtl ;  and  the  children  of  gentlemen*s 
fervants,  French  valets,  &c.  by  the  in- 
tereft  ufually  incident  to  thofe  fuuations, 
have  frequently  fuperfeded  thofe  of  better 
pretenfions,  accordvig  to  the  inftitution. 
This  building,  in  its  defign,  is  extremely 
nc.it,  light,  and  elegant ;  but  while  mil- 
lionti  are  fquandercd  away  in  prodigality 
aud  corruption,  thC'  inttaded  (|e(ple  of 

this 


t^ 


TouTy  ti€....J>r.  P^rrj  on  A&,  BilPs  Anattrnj. 


this  Imildia?,  wfakh  a  feir  hundred 
poonds  would  fisifh*  and  make  an  onia- 
SKnt  to  the  city  of  Dublub  hat  ftood  Cbr 
nesr  twenty  yeare  in  a  thrM-quarter*- 
otdcdftate,  a»  if  fl&ivered  to  piecetj  and 
seat  afiuMicr  by  a  thunder  Oorm* 

(Tb  bi  contimud,) 

SIR, 

IT  was  not  till  yefterday,  that  I  hap- 
pened to  fee  a  work  intituled,  «*  W 
Jnatfmvf  rf  the  Huvum  Bod^;"*  by  Mr. 
John  Bell,  furgcon,  of  Edinburgh. 
This  work  contains  excellent  aigravingi, 
and  much  ufcful  anatomical  information } 
but  15  debafcd  by  a  ftile  of  the  mod  dog- 
matical aflertion,  by  a  puerile  alie6Ution 
of  plcafantry,  byti'equent  miiconception 
and  mifreprefentation  of  the  opinions  of 
others,  and  by  the  moft  fcurrilolis  abufe 
of  all  liring  authors.  I  have  had  the 
misfortune  to  be  plentifully  fplaihed  by 
this  writer,  in  his  headlong  plunge  Into 
the  foul  link  of  obloquy*  He  attacks, 
with  much  acrimony,  certain  opinions 
contained  in  a  paper  on  the  medical  ef- 
itB.t  of  arterial  compreflioh,  which  I  fent, 
nearly  ten  yeart  ago,  to  the  Medical  So* 
ciety  of  London,  and  which  is  inierted  in 
the  third  Tolume  of  their  Memoirs.  This 
attack  I  might,  perhaps,  have  wholly 
difregarded,  or  at  leaft,  mieht  have  omit- 
ted to  repel  it,  till  I  coukl  hare  done  fo 
at  greater  length,  in  a  larger  work,  which 
J  am  pxeparing  on  the  fame  fubjed.  But 
as  the  period  of  my  intended  publication 
inuft  depend  on  my  health,  my  leifare 
from  profeffionai  avocations,  and  many 
cither  circumftances,  connefled  with  the 
times,  and  totally  uncontroulable  by  me, 
and  as,  in  the  mean  while,  Mr.  Bell*8 
work  will  probablv  have  a  wide  ran^, 
and  occafion  a  mifchievous  piepofleifion 
againft  the  purport  of  mv  paper,  I  feel 
myielf  called  upon  for  a  oeience,  which 
I  cannot  offer  to  the  public  through  a 
better  channel,  than  that  of  your  impar. 
tial  Manzine* 

Mr.  Bkll  begins  with  telling  us, 
'that  the  antients  called  certain  arteries 
aarotids,  or  foporiferge,  believing  that, 
if  they  were  tied,  the  perfon  would  fall 
afleep  {  and  then  proceeds  to  deny  that 
tying  them  would  produce  deep,  becaufe 
be  cannot  comprehend  how  this  fiiould 
^pen.  As,  therefore,  that  gentleman 
cannot  hlmfelf  comprehend  how  this 
fhould  happen,  it  follows  of  courfe,  that 
«  many  ofthc  befl  anatomifts,  in  the  beft 
age  oT  anatomy,  have  abuM  (heir  Umt 


repea^g  theft  cvperhnents.^*  CoftsiA, 
and  Valverdi,  and  Hotfmann,  are  quoted 
as  mentioning  certain  fafts  relative  to  a 
Ihe-goat,  a  young  man  at  PKa,  and  cer* 
Uin  Afi^iansj  andValialva  (whom,  I 
obfcrve,  Mr.  Bell  always  calls  Vafalva), 
Van  Swicten*  Pechlin,  Lower,  Drclin- 
curtius  (whole  name  is  printed  Drclin- 
cartius),  and  even  Moi^^gai  himfelf,  are 
all  alike  cenTured  for  propagatii^*  or 
deigning  to  inquire  into  tbe&  idle  ta.ltfs. 
«  Having  given  this  advantageous  I'peci. 
nm  of  his  modefty,  his  literature,  aad 
his  logic,  Mr.  Bel^  next  does  me  the 
honour  to  advert  to  me.  I  beg  leare,  io 
order  to  avoid  miireprefentatioD,  to  quote 
his  remarks  at  full  length : 

*<  There  is  nothinf  new  under  the  fun. 
We  are  coatinitally  Unalifed  with  old  t:da 
In  new  forms.  Who  would  exped  to  find  at 
this  Tery  day,  a  pradical  appticatlon  of  the 
fte-fost  and  the  Aflyrian  youn;  mea  ?  one 
author  has  publiihed  to  the  world,  that  i 
young  lady,  of  a  ncrroos  and  delicate  coc« 
ftitution,  iubje£t  to  nervous  diftrcires  In  a 
wonderful  variety  of  forms,  but  more  efpeci- 
ally  in  the  head,  fooietimes  afBided  with 
head-achs,  fometines  with  convultions,  'vm 
relieved  by  compreffing  the  carotid  artencs. 
Often  by  compreflang  the  carotid  arteries,  this 
gentleman  prevented  the  delirium  $  for  all 
thefe  complaints  proceeded  firomaviolenc  p*]. 
pitation  of  the  heart,  with  the  ftream  ot'  blood 
niibing  violently  towards  the  heal.  He  ha* 
fcea  thu  conpreifioa  bring  on  a  flupor)  h« 
has  Icen  h  bring  on  a  profound  fleep.  Is  it 
not  a  pity  that  he  had  not  attended  more  co 
the  hiftory  of  thia^buAneit,  and  joined  to 
thefe  fads,  the  ftoty  of  the  &e-goat  and  the 
young  men  of  AfTyria  ? 

«'  If  what  Dr.  Pxaav  fays,  be  tne,  thjt 
In  lean  people,  in  women  at  lealb,  we  C3n» 
by  reclining  the  head  backwards,  comprcu 
the  carotids  entirely  againft  the  foecpart,  of  the 
neck  with  the  finger  and  thumb  \  why,  tha, 
we  need  have  no  fear  of  hemorrhages  of  the 
nofe,  wounds  about  the  jaw,  cutctag  the  pi< 
rotid  gland,  or  operations  about  the  toafiJs,  ci 
tongue  I  But  there  is  a  dangerous  miftake 
here^  for  there  is,  as  I  know  by  much  ex- 
perience, a  wide  difierence  betwi'^t  prevent- 
ing the  pttlfe  of  an  artery,  and  fupprcfilng 
the  flow  of  blood  through  it.  In  the  cJc  a 
a  man  fainting  during  any  great  operatioa,  If 
yo^  are  holding  in  the  blood  with  the  poiot 
of  your  linger  upeo  fome  great  artery,  you 
feel  the  pulfe  there,  while  the  ^e  is  deadly 
pale,  the  cxtremittes  cold,  and  the  puUc  ot 
the  wrift,  and  of  all  but  the  largeft  arteiin 
gone.  In  fainting,  even  the  heart  Itfelf  is 
not  felt  to  move  ;  and  yet  it  moves,  and  the 
blood  circulates :  how  elfe  could  a  pcrioa  lie 
10^  hyfterical  faint  for  hou;ci;  I  Im4.  ^^^^^ 
faid  days^  I  have  tried,  in  great  pfcratioru 
near  the  trunk  of  the  body,  to  ftof'jic  ^'0'>i 
with  Biy  hands  j   but  thea^h  I  co^^  (uf pr^^'* 


Dr,  Parry  an  Mr.  BdPs  dnatmy. 


3f9 


t!:r  f«1{e  ^  tlie  femoral  artery  with  my  fore- 

h  .(.cr,  1  could  not  command  its  blood  with 
riiL  whole .  Itrengtb  of  my  body,  but  have 
ficfj  it,  with  horror,  ruth  as  freely  as  if 
]i/  hand  had  not  i»ecn  there/*  Vol.  z. 
y.  256,  »57.      ' 

^ere  is  HoiMnf  mew  wider  thejwt.  Of 
he  truth  of  this  general  principie,  our 
iiithor  affords  an  excellent  illuftration.  It 
8  not  new  for  a  man  to  treat  with  ridi- 
ule  what  he  has  not  the  opportunity^ 
he  capacity,  or  the  inclination  to  under- 
bnd.  If  Mr.  Bell  had  read  tKe  paper 
vhich  he  criticiiety  he  would  hare  feen, 
lid  then  poflibly  might  have  believed,  on 
uy  ailertion,  that  my  idea  of  compreiling 
he  carotid  arteries  was  fug^fted  by  the 
<5lual  phenomena  of  the  dileafc  beibre 
at,  and  not  by  the  tales  which  he  mro- 
ates;  whether  thofe  tales  vrere  well  or 
11- grounded.  -^  But  the  knoNvledgeof  this 
aft  would  not  have  fuited  his  purpofe. 
t  would  have  taken  away  an  oonortunitv 
or  much  declamatory  inve&tve.  it 
rauld  have  been  fimethittg  «no  to  Mr. 
$ELL  under  the  fuM, 

In  reality,  at  the  time  of  ray  writing 
he  paper  alluded  to,.  I  had  never  read 
hefe  b ivories  and  remarks  in  Galen,  Ru- 
us  Ephefius,  Morgagiiiy  or  any  other 
Tithor^  and  if  I  had,  I  ihould  not  have 
ormed  fix>m  them  the  conclufions  which 

have  related.  Phyficians,  in  all  fuc- 
ceding  ages,  have  read  tbem  without 
ny  fuch  application;  nay,  Mr.  Bell 
imfelf,  who  cannot,  furely,  be  rufpe6tcd 
f  giving  another  more  credit  for  faga- 
ity  than  be  does  himiclf,  has  ftudied 
bem  with  great  attention;  and  yet,  at 
bis  moment,  he  is  fo  far  from  haying 
leduced  from  them  any  valuable  conclu- 
ions,  that  he  derides  the  important  theory 
D  which  lie  ignorantly  aflerts  that  they 
iive  given  birth. 

It  is  tme«  that  I  have  mentioned  ihipor 
nd  ileep,  as  produced  by  comprefiion  of 
he  carotids.  I  have  mentioned  them, 
»ecaufe  I  ftw  them  {  and  could  I  have 
nt  tct  pated  f  he^  critique  of  Mr .  Bell,  I 
bould  not  have  omitted  to  mention  them, 
ucof  compliment  to  the  fcepticitin  of 
imrdf,  or  any  other  human  being.  Now, 
lowever,  that  he  c^not  controvert  the 
aft>  hemav  congratulate  h imfelf  on  hav« 
Dg  iowoA  f^methh^  nnv  under  the  fun* 

So  much  for  the  origin  of  ihis  dif- 
tnrery.  Next  as  to  its  e&as ;  as  Mr. 
)£Ll  has,  In  theiirftpsumgr^pii  which  I 
lave  quotedy  ftcnifeiime  otdrawing  from 
I  fource  wMch  I  had  never  viiited>  U>  in 
he  iceond  he  tfcribes  to  me  words  which 
(  have  nclftr  cfeployed^^and  dcdu^ioAf 


which  I  hare  sever  formed.  He  makes 
me  lay  that  I  can  entirely  coraprel's  the 
carotids  with  my  finger  and  thumb.  This 
is  a  total  mifrepreientation  of  ray  words, 
which  muit  greatly  miflead  all  thofe  who 
are  inclined  to  repeat  the  experiment.  In 
reality,  after  having  remai*kcd  the  d  iificuity 
of  comprefling  one  carotid  in  men  j.  and  the 
Hill  greater  difficulty  of  compreiling  both, 
efpecially  in  a  (Ute  of  convuifions,  I  add, 
"  In  women,  however,  who  have  gene- 
rally longer  and  llenderer  necks  than  men, 
one  can  often,  without  difficulty,  produce 
a  complete  compreifion  of  the  artery  againft 
the  vertebrae  of  the  neck,"  &c.  "  MtdicM 
Memoirs f""*  voL  3,  p.  100,  Inftead  of 
the  carotids,  I  fpeak  of  one  carotid  oniy  ; 
•and  inftead  of  .uiillg  my  finger,  or  my 
finger  and  thumb,  for  the  ptirpofe  of  prd- 
fure,  I  have  never  been  able  efie£lua]ijr  fo 
fucceed  in  any  other  way  than  by  ufing 
the  thumb  only,  while  the  neck  is  at  the 
iame  time  kept  firmly'  in  its  place  by 
preifure  on  its  bstck  with  the  unemployed 
fingers  of  the  fame  hand.  With  me,  who 
have  probably  made  the  experiment  a 
hundred  times  as  often  as  any  other  per- 
fon,  all  attempts  to  make  a  competent 
preflTure  on  an  artery  with  my  finger,  have 
uniformly  failed :  Neither,  it  tens,  have 
the  ef&as  of  Mr.  Bell  in  this  way  been 
more  fuccesful.  When  he  makes  the  ex- 
'periment  in  a  proper  manner,  the  event 
may  poffibly  be  ditterent. 

But  vre  will  for  the  preiimt  fuppofehim 
to  deny  the  pofiibility,  on  any  occafion, 
of  completely  comprdfing  with  the  thumb 
one  carotid  artery.  The  evideiice  on. 
which  I  founded  ray  aflfertion  was,  that 
in  the  infbmces  to  which'  I  alluded,  all 
pulfation  in  the  temporal  artery  was  de- 
Iboyed  by  the  compreifion  of  the  cone- 
(ponding.  carotid.  But  Mr.  Bell  in- 
forms us,  that  though  he  couJd  fupprcis 
the  pulfe  ^  the  femoral  artery  with  his 
fore  fin^r^  he  could  not  command  its  ^ 
blood  with  the  whole  ftnengtii  of  his  body 
(I  fhoald  be  curious  to  know  how  -he  ap- 
plied the  whole  ftrength  of  his  body  by 
means  of  his  fore  finger),  but  faw  it  widi 
honor  rufli  as  freely  as  if  his  haiid  was 
not  there.  Does  he  in  the  firft  part  of 
this  fentence  mean,  that  he  fuppreiled  the 
pulie  with  the  compreffing  finger,  fo  -as 
.no  longer  to  feel  it  with  that  finger,  in  the 
-point  where  the  compreifion  was  made? 
He  certainly  cannot  have  this  meaoing. 
'Tbe  condufion  would  be  too  fHvolous. 
He  mud  wllh  us  to  underfbmd,  that 
'when  he  had'comprefl*ed  the  artcrv above, 
fo  as  to  obliterate  the  pulfe  below,  the 
'■.blood  ftill  coxmntd  to  rufii  from  below 

as 


JOr.  P^ry  en  Mr,  BtHs  Ahatomf* 


B» 


sv  tmng^fts  \£ihen  wat  no  poefibre.  Cndat 
:jud0usApelLi!  TUl  I  have  my&lf  fecaa 
£rm  comprciTioB  on  tht:  fonorai  artery 
.wjtb  die  nnnr^  or  an^  other  fUcd  power, 
jobliterate  the  pulfation  of  the  popliteal 
aitery,  and  yet  the  bkod  ruih  through 
that  artery  when  divided,  as  freely  aa 
t<Hicn  the  pnrffure  ihail  have  been  re. 
DKnred,  I  inall  beg  leave  to  <ioubt.  I 
will  not  affront  your  readers  by  demon* 
ilntingy  that  fuch  an  adeition  cannot  be 
true.  Mr.  Bell  mud  have  been  deceived. 
If  the  fame  quantity  of  blood  pafled 
through  the  artery  in  a  given  time  as  be- 
iure»  he  could  not  have  dimini(hed  its 
area  by  compreffion.  That  the  femoral 
artery,  deeply  ieated  as  it  is  in  its  leaft 
covered  part»  and  imbeddhl  in  yields 
sng,  mulcular,  and  cellular  fubitance, 
fliould  be  much  affeAed  by  the  compreiUon 
cf  the  Hnger,  is  what  iiuleed  I  (hould  uot 
a  pticri  have  expeftedj  though  Mr, 
BELLhimfelf,  after  having,  as  from  his 
own  experience,  denied  the  poflibility,  in 
the  words  wliicU  I  \\^\z  quoted,  ackaow- 
lcdges,on  a  fubfcqiient  occafion,  page  4.56, 
that  '^  though  it  ia  not  an  eaiy  thing,  it 
is,  perhaps,  not  impoflible.*'  To  obli- 
terate the  pulfe  below  from  compiYfllon 
above,  is,  on  many  occafions,  fumciently 
tiiSy.  Leanine  the  arm  over  the  back  of 
a  chair  will  ilop  the  pulfe  in  the  radial 
artery;  and  the  fame  thing  has  often 
bern  done  by  peribns,  for  fraudulent  pur- 
pofcsj  merely  by  preflin^  the  inward 
part  of  the  humerus  llrongly  aj^ainft  the 
bde*  The  effe6l  of  a  toutniqut^t  in  this 
view,  even  on  tire  largcit  arteries  to  which 
we  have  acceis,  is  tolerably  well  known 
to  Mr.  Bkllj  and  I,  who  do  not  pro- 
fcfs  furgcry,  am  acquainted  with  no  cri- 
terion by  which  we  are  to  judge  that  the 
purpofe  of  that  inftrument  ha$  been  an- 
iwered,  but  the  failure  of  t]^'n>ulfe  in 
fome  part,  or  branch  of  tbel^ti^  more 
<^i{bntfit)m  the  heart.-  If  isj^ifible  that 
the  flow  of  blood  throfigh  the  .compirfified 
artery,  is,  in  neither  ok  thefe*  eafes^  en- 
tirely impeded  ;  and  whether  the  area  of 
the  carotid  artery  can  be  fo  diminiihed 
by  the  prefTure  of  the  thumb,  *at  to 
anfwer  the  purpoles  of  a  furgical  •pera- 
tion,  I  will  not  pretend  to  decide  i  and  I 
prefiime  no  one,  except  in  a  ca(e  of  fudden 
necciHty,  wall  be-  han^  enough  to  try. 
It  is,  however,  true,  that  I  have  often 
.mofk^evidcntly  moderated  bleeding  at  the 
Holt  by  imperfc^  prefTure  for  a  few 
lecoiids  on  one  carotid;  which  is  as 
jBuch  as  can  realbnably  be  cxpe6^ed  by 
thofe,  who  coniider'  that  fome  of  the  ai*- 
teriai  branches  diAributcd  within  the  nofe 


•re  derived  fran  the  intemal  carotid 
which  anaftooiofc  with  each  other,  and 
within  the  vertebral  arteries  with  the 
cranium.  lAx.hZLi*  quotes  Acrrl,vho 
fays,  that  he  ftopped  -a  hemorrhage  of 
the  femoral  artery,  after  every  other  mea* 
fure  had  fitiled,  hj  Itrongly  reftiog  with 
his  thumbs  againft  the  external  iliac  ia 
thegrpim  Page  456.  Thecom^cifionof 
the  carotid  is  at  leaft  as  pra&xcable  as  thjt 
of  the  external  iliac  artery,  not  only  on 
account  of  the  interpoiition  of  very  iittk 
fuft  fubftance,  but  becaufe  the  vertcbrs 
of  the  neck  form  an  extenfive,  bard,  and 
'inunoveable  pillar,  againft  which  the  pref- 
fure  may  be  made. 

Tliat  fome  circulation  continues  li 
certain  cafes  of  Syncope,  whether  frcia 
furgical  operations,  or  other  caufes,  there 
is  little  doubt.  I  wi]l  not  however  admit 
that  what  Mr.  B£X«L  cail&  <<  a  hyftericd 
faint,"  is  a  cafe  of  Syncope ;  the  face  in 
that  ftiite,  IS  all  the  while  more  or  Icis 
.ruddy  and  warm,  the  refpiration  ftee,  the 
pulfe  good,  and  the  circulation  in  otkr 
refpc£ls  perfefl?;  it  is  an  example  of 
ftupor,  of  the  fame  natuir  as  that  which 
follows  the  Epilepfy.  I  bee  leave  to 
point  out  to  Mr.  Bell,. that  thtsdi/linc> 
tion  between  thefe  two  cafes,  founded  on 
the  a^ual  phenomena,  is  a  third  iuftance 
of fom f thing  newtolnm  under  tbefim. 

When  I  fpoke  of  compreilrng  the  carotid 
arteries,  it  was  with  a  vieiv  to  ihew  that 
manydileafes  arife  from  too  gr^^^t  ^  moneu- 
tumof  the  blood,  tlirough  thofe  vefieb  into 
the  head;  and  Ipointcdout  the  effedswhich 
I  had  obferved  fixmi  prefiure  on  the  cam- 
tids,  and  certain  beneficial  concluiions  in 
l^ra^ice,  which  hidrefulted  from  thole  oK- 
fervations.  Whether  I  could  entirely  ii^ 
tercept  the  blood  that  paiTed  through  the 
carotids  to  the  head,  or  not,  was  to  me 
of  no  importance;  For  my  purpofe  it  was 
fufficient,  that  I  could  intercept  a  cr>aiid<T* 
.able  .part.  AH  this  Ms/Bell  docs  p<yt 
appear  to  have  underftood  ;  but,  beeg iag 
the  queftion  tliat  the  whole  was  a  filly  oH 
t3Xt^  tantalizing  by  an  ai!ie£kation  of 
novelty,  proceeds  to,examine  the  neritsof 
the  operation,  as  it  nught  be  applied  to 
Surgery,  of  which,  at  the  tinK»  I  Bf^^ 
thought.  This  irrefiHible  direaipnof  ail 
the  uicas  to  one 'point,  is  often  avsry 
iecious  malady.  But  when  the  objrd  is 
innocent,  the  patient  is  fuifiered  to  walk 
abroad  ur^attendcd.  Every  cmehas  braid 
of  Jedediah Buxton;  who, ^Kmgh unable 
either  to  read  or  write*  mnJeiplied  niee 
and  thirty  figures  into  each  athet  by. 
memory  only,  in  Londap^  jh^  t^ 
him  to  Drwy  Laqe^  Mi  Co4u  .^fldre^ 


Dr.Partyi  9/  SnAy  tH  Mr.  JStlts  MaUntf, 


tti 


Chtirclk  m  Holbom.  It  might  be  expe6t- 
cd  that  he  was  ^ftoniflicd  at  the  fublime 
combinations  of  mufical  chorda  in  the 
bKnd  Stanley,  and  melted  by  the  unaf^ 
felled  patkof  of  Garrick*  Nothing  left. 
He  made  himfelf  matter  of  the  exa£l 
number  of  wordt»  fyllables,  and  let- 
ters pronottnoed  by  Gairickf  but  the 
rapid  execution   of  Stanley  defied   hit 

Cers  of  reckoning,   and  he  returned 
e  abafhed,  as  under  irretrieTable  dif- 
grace.    Jedidiah  Buxton  4r^  an  Arith- 
metician.   Mr.  Bell  is  an  Anatomift* 
Although  that  Gentleman  could  not 
advert  to  the  coniequences  which  I  di'ew 
from  the  comprelHon  of  the  carotids,  I 
muft  beg  leave  to  repeat  them  for  his 
benefit.    I  learnt  from  it,  that  all  nervous 
difeafes  depend   uppn  irritation  of  the 
brain,  either  from  mechanical  ftimuli,  or 
the  fulnefs  of  its  veflels  $    and  that  in 
every  conftitution,    without    exception, 
they  are  to  he  cured,  if  at  all,  by  thofe 
means  which  diminifh  the  flow  of  blood 
to  the  head.     I  learnt  from  it,  that  all 
tonic  medicines,  as  thev  are  csdled,  full 
diet,   wine  and  all  other  coidials  and 
general  ftimulants,  are  injurious;    and 
that  the  only  efficacious  remedies,  are  as 
iow  a  diet  as  the  digeflion  will  allow,  uni- 
fonn  and  gentle  exercife,  and  pericverance 
in  evacuants,  Tedatives,  and  thole  remedies 
^ich  are  called  febrifuge  or  refrigerant. 
I  inferred  that,  among  the  evacuants,  the 
chief  confidence  was  to  be  placed  in  blood- 
letting, not  with  a  view  of  preparing  for  to- 
nics, as  recommended  by  Sydenham,  no&in 
Older  to  counterafk  accidental  plethora,  or 
to  relieve  a  paiticular  fpecies  of  a  genus, 
IS  by  my  late  reveredmaiter,Dr.  CuHen; 
but  frequently,  and  in  fmall  quantities, 
as  a  radical,  and  generally  indifpenfable 
remedy.     And  during  eleven  fucceeding 
years,  I  have  had  the  fatisfa^ion  (one  of 
the  greateft  which  the  human  mind  can 
feel)  of  finding,  that  my  theoretical  ex-  * 
pe^ations  have  been  infinitely  more'  than 
anfwered  by  praaical  fpccefs*    Thus  a 
dais  of  difeafes,  which  were  before  confi- 
dcred  as  incurable,  are  now  as  abfolutely 
vithin  our  power  as  the  moft  obvious  in- 
flanunationt.  Mr.  Bell,  if  he  would,  or 
if  he  could,  mi£ht  have  profited  from  the 
principles    which    I   have    laid  down; 
uid  then  he  'would  have  had  no  reafon 
to  complain  oT  my  bavins^  irtflified   on 
him  the  torments  of  Tantalus.     Is  it  my 
fault,  if  hiff  mind  is  its  own  tormentor  ^ 
At^|Mrefhit  it  feems  that  this  practical 
Tyilem  of  tMrvous  difeafes  is  a  thhar  nno 
o  Mr.  BCLL  9imier  the  fim.     Permit  me, 
(ir«    to.^d  with  •confident,  that  when 
%fk  pobif&ed,    it  was  equally  new  to 
Monthly  Mag.  Mo.  xxu* 


others  ;  for  I  will  Venture  Co  alTert,  that 
no  example  can  be  produced,  in  which 
the  praAicehad  beendefigtiedlyemployedj 
except  in  confequente  of  my  own  verbal 
communications  to  my  friends  of  my  fuc-i 
cefs>  in  fome  of  thofe  eafe«  to  which  I 
afbrwards  referred  in  my  paper  in  the 
<*  Medical  Mtmmsr  - 

Excufe  my  thus  dwelling  on  myfelf.  I 
am  compelled  to  do  fo,  l*ft  hereafter, 
when  my  method  of  cure  in  fucb  dlfeaica 
conies  into  general  ufe,  lis  it  certainly  wiife 
fome  future  Mr.  Bell,  envious  of  a^- 
covery  which  chance  allotted  to  snother, 
may  rake  out  from  amidfl  the  duft  and 
mould  of  a  College  libraryi  fome  dark  oaf- 
faee,  in  which  he  may  develope  my  whole, 
fyftem ;  and  then,  like  his  worthy  prcde* 
ceffor  pf  the  prefent  day,  exclaim,  THERE 

IS   NOTHING    NEW    UNDBR  THE   SUM* 

With  this  gentleman,  fo  far  as  refpe£l» 
myfelf  in  particular,  I  have  now  done. 
But  I  beg  leave  to  add  a  few  tlrordf  on 
behalf  of  fcience  in  ecneral.  It  is  ufual 
with  authors  to  difufs  grave  fubjc^s  in 
a  grave  manner ;  and  one  wouM  have 
thought,  that  the  importance  of  pttholo- 
gical  inquiries  would  have  fecured  them 
from  all  admixture  of  levity.  But  Mr* 
Bellas  conflitution  is  fuch  as  to  defy  all  . 
common  rules  of  conduA.  Almoft  in  the  . 
fame  page  he  dictates,  and  pouts,  ahd 
fcolds,  and  laughs,  and  cries ;  and  each 
fb  immoderately,  or  in  fo  wrong  a  place, 
that  one  cannot  avoid  pifturing  to  one'a 
felf  a  fine  lady  in  a  fit  of  hyfterics.  It  may 
reafonabiy  be  hoped  that  aee,  and  a  little 
wholeibhie  mortification,wtlldtminiih  thia 
irritability  of  Mr.  Bell's  nerves;  and 
then,  probably,  medical  fcience  will  owe 
much  future  obligation  to  the  acutenefs, 
of  his  grenius.  I  am,  fir,  &c.  &t:. 

Batb^  April  zi^  1798.      C.  H.  Parrv. 
r  imma^^ 

For  4f  Monthly  Magascbu. 
ADIAL0^3UE     IN    EmFYREUM. 

Louis  XVI.  fl«^ Charles  I. 

L.  TJ  OYAL  martyr,  brother  of  mf 
AV  fate,  take  me  to  thy  embrace. 
With  thee  at  leaft  I  am  fccure  of  fympa- 
thy,  the  only  alleviation  my  hard  lot  ad* 
mits. 

C.  Hail,  brother  I 

L.  It  comforts  me  that  I  have  bttrft» 
although  by  death,  my  bonds,  that  I 
breathe  not  in  the  fullied  prefencc  of  thofe 
wretches  whom  I  remember  the  depend  * 
ants  of  my  nod,  the  creeping  flatteVert 
of  my  power,  who  won  my  cmifi»«cnce, 
like  Dalila,  to  (hear  me  of  my  ftrength, 
and  who  have  fince  announced  their  in- 
fluence ove(  my  people  by  %  climax  of 
Z  %  honors 


\ 


3S9'  A  Dlaktm  m  Emfyrem%  Utwe^n^Lmis  XVI.  ani  CbarUs  I. 

tomr,  by  plunder*  by  y&flioatioii»  by    enemiet  applauded  in  the  Eagliih  parity* 
""*''"  Inent*  whilft  he  was  borrowing  capital  to 

pay  the  intcreft  of  the  French  debt,  and 
thuSybvthe  accelerated  operation  of  com« 
pound  intereil,  was  fecoring  thatiinan* 
ctal  cataftrophe.  . 

L.  Whicn  the  church-landt  and  a  tax 
upon   noble    cilates    might  eafily  bavi 


regicide* 

C»  If  fympathy  be  thy  only  wiiby  leek 
U  rather  among  the  lungs  who  hsivtjkarid 
t^an  amonff  thoie  who  £ave  taider^otu  thy 
&te.  A  nundred  and  fifty  years  refi* 
dence  m  Empyreum  is  a  marvellous  oor- 
rcAor  ot    impaflioned   judgments    and 


£erce  refentmentt  when  we  have  much  t^averted 


converfed  witb  men  of  other  timesc 

L.  Was  ever  prince  mifufed  like  me  ? 
Always  diftinguiihed  for  love  toward  my 
fubje&ss  did  I  not  em^oy  Turgdt  to 
pleaie  ttiem — the  Americans  to  pleafe 
them— call  the  Statts-General  to  pleafe 
thcm^-accept  the  conftitutton  to  pleaie 
them;  and  for  all  this,  their  ingratitude 
annihilates  my  income»  traduces  mj  cha- 
Ta£ler»  and  as  my  fources  of  innuence 
abate,  they  draff  me  from  the  throne  to  a 
dungeon,  and  &flce  to  a  fcaffold.     , 

C*  Let  us  analyze  the  benefits  yon 
enumerated »  About  tht  year  1774,  tne 
philofophic  &&  of  Phyfiocrates  was 
already  organized  into  a  political  body, 
which  had  friends  in  moft  of  t^  great 


C.  Not  expc£Ung,  however,  the  fub- 
roiffion  of  theie  powerful  orders  to  your 
authority,  like  vulgar  bankrupts,  you 
fummoned  a  meeting  of  yoiu*  more  nota- 
ble creditors,  relations,  and  friends,  who 
advifed  the  aonvention  of  the  ftate ;  after 
which,  even  Calonne  dared  not  help 
yau  through  without  convoking  them. 

L.  Ahl 

C.  Of  all  your  boafted  concelTions  tbui 
fiu-,  which  of  them  could  you  have 
avoided  ?  Which  of  them  was  even  mads 
with  a  grace  ?  Which  of  tbcm  was  not 
the  obvious  preference  between  two  cvili? 

L.  Thoi-Ahe  declaring  for  the  Ame- 
ricans. 

C.  And  you  will  be  rewarded  for  It  by 


kicorporations  of  France,,  in  the.  cham-  ^the  generdus  pity  of  American  and  Eng 


iKrs  of  commerce,  the  magiftracies,  the 
parliaments.  Some  powerful  families 
among  the  mobility,  who  pleafed  not  at 
your  court,  fupported  this  faftion. 

L.  Only  the  Rochefoucaulds — ^thofe 
hereditary  heretics. 

C.  A  Mition  broke  out  in  the  metro- 
polis. You  was  alarmed,  and  accepted 
a^  their  hands  Turgot  for  minifter,  under 
conditions  which  you  fubfcribed,  like  a 

conquered  enemy.      Security  was   foon    people  pulled  down  the  Baftilie,  or  yoa 
xeflored,  and  reformation  began.      But  ^would  nave  iflued  Uttres  di  cacktf^piwi^ 
"Turgot  having  the  weaknefs  to  believe,    their  members.      Your  ibldiers  rehifcd 
that  the  opinions  of  the  wife  will  neVer 
"be  thofe  of  the  people,  continued  the  rc- 
lhi£tions  of  the  preis.  He  formed,  there- 


lifii  republicans.  Yet,  .even  in  thit  caie, 
was  you  not  a  little  eager  to  bufy  Toiik 
ftirring  fpirits  among  the  more  gallant 
of  your  nobility  ?  To  avoid  a  civil,  wajc 
a  foreign  war,  is  an  old  adage  of  proiil- 
gate  ftate -craft. 

L.  Some  people  about  ine  might  reafun 
fo. 

C.  The  ftates  met.  la  there  a  Cngle 
boon  they  owe  to  your  generofity  ?  Your 


fore,  no  barrier  of  public  opinion  againft 
court-mutability }  and,  as  foon  as  the 
Pariilans  had  forgotten  politics,  to  enter 
IntoHoufieau^s  quan-el  about  their  mufic, 
Turgot  found  his  fupporters  purchaled, 
imdcrmined,  detenvd,  diftanced,  difii- 
pated— and  had  to  refign. 

L.  It  was  not  I  who  dif^ppointed  this 
minifter  of  influence,  but  the  manage-, 
mcnt  of  the  queen''s  advifers.  ^ 

C.  Prance  is  not  the  only  country 
which  a  double  cabinet  lias  cendemued  to 
fluctuating  counfels.  Tffw  next  minifter 
was  Neckek,  a  man  whom  Turgot  had 
opprefted  for  writing  in  favour  of  limit- 
ations upon  the  com  trade— a  moderate 
man  an  temper,  in  abilities,  and  in  opi« 
fiions«  You  choie  him  bccaufe  tlie  Paris 
bankers  A^ould  lead  to  no  o^e  elit.  His 
takrns,  ^s  a  fijuuisieri  the  eaca^y  of  your 


their  bayoaets,  or  you  would  have  over- 
awed their  delibeiations,  and  have- 

L,  Not  /,  not  /,  others  mieht  wilh— 

C.  laa  word,  y»u  found  that  public 
opinion,  and  confequently  public  force, 
was  at  the  command  of  theie  natknil 
afTcmblies.  They  raifed  NECtia  tuth« 
clouds  wlyn  you  wanted  to  difmils  him, 
in  order  to  ^ew.  him  independent  of  you. 
Reik>red  at  their  bidding,  tb^  fiiiftred 
him  to  refume  his  pompous  importance. 

L.  A  curious  proot  of  the  caprice  of 
popular  afTemblies. 

C.  The  conftituting  ^popular  aflembh ! 
Yet  De  Rett  faid  to  me,  after  tbe4t'» 
Auguft,  ««  you  fee  ail  great  bodit*  ara 
populace  s  when  they  are  not  puppets." 

L.  Puppets!— arc  fenates  ever  lb?  X 
fifel  that  kings  may — 

C.  And  ^metimes,  as  in  your  cafe, 
fliouid.  Yoiu*  'vetoi,  whea  exerted  at 
the  requcft  of  a  party,  aKvays  drew  at- 
tentioat    even   after   your  captivatluflt 


'd  Dial^ne  in  Empyrcm^  htwien  Lms  XYI.  9^  CA'arks  h  35 J 


Without  ft  party  ftmbng  your  fubjc^ls, 
you  had  long  ceftied  to  ht  attettded  to. 

L.  They  feemed  to  prize  my  accept- 
anoe  of  the  conftittition. 

C.  Aft  if  willing  to  revive  an  opinion 


yon  would  have  bcfti  liBcratfcd— inftmed 
with  as  much  indiflftrence  as  had  ^roti 
been  a  toll-gate-keeper>  that  yourfervicea. 
tfere  to  be  difpenfed  with— counfdlcd  to 
paft  your  carnivals  at  Vcnic^^and  fuf* 


of  indefeaiible  right,  when  it  wits  likelv    fered  to  retii^  upon  a  penfion,  neglected 
to  operate  in  their  own  fkvour.    Was  it   and  content. 


this  which  duped  yoi|  into  over-rating 
your  ftfiduum  of  power  fo  far,  as  to 
think  you  could  withftand  an  adminiftnu 
tion  enjdying  the  confidence  of  the  legifla- 
tivc  aflembly  f  Prince-^prince  I 

L.  I  only  wi(hed  to  lecond  the  Feuil- 
lane  party,  who  were  not,  like,  the  Jacb- 
b  ins,  aimmg  at  my  very  being. 


L.  And  content  ?  Yo«  do  not  (uijpeft 
me  of  fuch  vileneft. 

C.  If  contentment  wire  the  wifcft 
courfe,  why  not? 


L.  Obut  Ihadfriendf! 


Tou  (kppofe  then,  tliat  a  ftron^^ 
party  in  the  country  womid  a^  any  time 
have  marfhalled  around  your  name,  would* 


C.  Had  you  taken  the  moft  delj)erate    have  allifted  you  to  recover  your  fallen' 
into  pay,  theft  Jacobin*  ihini^rs,   Kke    digViity,  and  to  replace  the  fcutcheons  of 


all  others,  would  have  endeavonred  to 
ftrengthen  an  authority  which  made  a 
part  01  their  own.  They  would  have 
cre^cd  their  ftatue  To  tbereforer  of  French 
liberty y  which  their antagonifts  voted  you. 
They  would  have  increafed  a  ci?il  lift, 
which  was  to  buy  them  creatures.  But 
your  eternal  blind  preference  of  whatever 


your  nobility  amonff  the  civic  honours 
of  the  country,    £1^-^ 

L.  Surely  I  do. 

C.  And  if  the  members  of  the  conven« 
fkh  were  alfo  aware  of  the  mdftence  of. 
thti  party— if  the  fuperftition  about  kings 
had  given  way  rather  to  an  oppofite  cn-^ 
thufiafm,  than  a  national  rnditterence  for 


men  prortiifcd   you    nioft  dpfearanee  of  tliem'*"iftbeexiftcnceofa  man  believed  to 

power,  naturally  led  the  ncople  to  believe,  have  innate,  indwelling,  or  divine  rig^tf^ 

thafeVtn  a  connitiitional  king  would  op-  was  really  dangerous  to  that  unanimous 

pofe'them  all  he  could.  fubmiflion  to  3ie  newer  powers,  which 

L.  And  the  accurled  loth  of  Auguft !  could  alone   enable  them  -^to  direft  t)M 

C.  The  right  of  nations  to  decree  the  public  force  with  fufEcient  energy  againft 

forfeiture  of  a  crown,  my  good  people  of  the  foreign  foe— 

Englaild  acknowled^,  fyou  kiiow,   in  h*  You  ai-e  not  daring  to  palliat^e  th« 

j688.                   '  laft  ;i£t  of  our  common  ill-ulagei 


i..  But /i^^  motives — 

C.  Were  chiefly  to  unfeat  an  admini- 
ftration.  Wildman,  Fletcher,  and  the 
difinteliefted  ft-iendt  of  ftrredom, "  would 


C.  I  think  as  ill  as  ever  of  fuch  at 
thought  by  my  execution  to  fccure  per- 
fonal  impunity  or  individual  advance- 
ment i  but  I  have  Had  fo  much  convcrfa- 


have  preferred  Jamei  with  a  diminiflied  tion  with  Hampden,  Bradfhaw,  Miltout 

prerogative,     to  William  with  'an  in-  and  the  reft  of  that  ftamp,  that  I  begin 

creafed  influence.    Burthenfbme  church-  to  enter  into  the  grounds  of  their  party, 

men  of  the  thne  could  not  abide  a  mif-  L.  Whicli  were — 

creant  king,  willing,   perhapf ;  out  of  C,  That,  alt)iough  no  previoufly  ex* 

jr,  to  tolerate  both  Catlfclics  and "  " 


bigotry, 

t)iffc!ltertf.  William,  indeed,  had  the 
like  wifli,  but  he  knew  better  than  to 
facrifite  his  crown  to  his  liberality, 

L.  I  gave  no  gfwinds  of^larm  or  pro- 
rocation,  reiigioWor  civif. 

C.  The  obftinate  defntion  of  a  fo- 
i^l^n  guard,  which  the  conftitution  for- 


ifting  law  juftified  my  removal,  yet  thlt 
my  afting  in  coricert  with  perl bns  hoftiltf 
to  the  progrefs  of  popular  miluence  upoii 
government,  whicn  tbiy  call  libcrtv,^ 
tended  to  defer  the  improvement  of  the 
conftitution — ^that  opinions  of  hercditirjf 
right  cajmot,  by  tfeir  very  nature,  be 
compounded  with,    but  muft  either  b* 


bad,  which  the  legiflative  aflcmbly  ad*'    allowed  to  eftabliih  their  fuperftitions  (th« 


vifed  yot^to  difmifs,  and  which  feemed 
likely  to  co-operate  with  the 'Duke  of 
Bninfwick,  then  rapidly  approaching  to- 
wards Paris;  was  this  no  ground  of 
alarm,  of  provocation?  A  fovereign 
ihould  neverexcite  jealoufy,  if  he  cannot 
command  acquiefcence, 

L.  They  imprifoned  me  in  avowed 
contempt  of  my  conftirutidnal  inviolabi- 
lity.    A^oeioas^  I«itli4ef9  monftentl ' 

C.  2  fhall  not  defend  it.  I  expeaed 
that|  at  U^  meeting  9^  the  conventionj 


monarchy  or  feigniorage  of  certain  fami*^ 
lies),  which  is  unjuil  to  the  oppofite  opi- 
nions, or  muft  be  coerced  in  tne  ejtefcif* 
of  their  claims — that  the  feftatorf  of  no- 
bility, having  acquicfced  in  t^e  fuppYef-x 
fion  of  peerage,  and  thus  concentered 
their  wiflies  upon  the  reteMion  of  kiiiglf 
power,  would  have  nopi-etext  to  ivvoft 
a^inft  the  more  general  will,  if  deprived 
of  their  only  pcfllble  leader-^^ra  that 
.  the  baekward  mintwity  ^f  my  fcn  ten^ 
Z  I  %  .  dciisg 


S5i  ^  DlaUgui  hfEm^mm^  hitwun  Louis  X  V  L  and  dmiti  L 


deriog  tbeir  converfion  prolMiblei  b^re 
the  grovth  of  a  new  chieftain,  an  inftan- 
taadous  general  tranouUiity,  and  the  ul- 
timate attachment  or  the  nation  to  an 
Mtiitable  repubiicanifin  wai  likely  to  cn- 
ttie£rom— 

L.  From  murder? 

C.  They  Ht,  ipdttdf  that»  eyery  illegal 
Mcedent  facilitating  a  future  breach  of 
Wy  the  oppreffion  of  a  boor  is  a  crityie 
^f  infinite  magnitude ;  becaufe  liable  to 
be  repeated  upon  millions  of  the  human 
race--thar  tbeaj^itrary  ufage  of  an  elr- 
'vated  man  is  a  heavy  evil;  becauiir  it 
encourages  agajnft  thou(ands  the  like 
trrong--«nd  Uiat  the  iiuun*,  even  of  a 
foliury  daff  in  ibciety,  bebde  being  un- 
generou»»  U  highly  dangerous*  But 
they  thought,  that  by  cncompaiiiiu'  thi« 
crime  with  formalities,  which  would  for 
carer  neceflitate  the  concurrence  of  xnayiy^ 
men  reputable  am^g  the  pepple,  anfl  re- 
^n$bie  to  pofterity,  ihevhad  deterped 
iu  repetition  without  mignty  mptires  qf 
Bational  expedlenpr. 

L.  Such  reaibnings  would  apply  in  my 
cafe. 

C.  Would  they? 

L.  And  thcrworc  rou|f  be  nugatory 
and  flagitjou^.       '* 

C.  Certainly  tny  Engliih  judges  did 
not  forefee  that  the  hereditary  fuperftitio|i, 
vhichf  during  my  life,  wafi  an  offspring 
of  the  ignorance  of  mv  fubjet^ls,  was  by 
my  death  (o* become  the  dotage  of  their 
pafTions,  and  therefore  incurable^that 
the  example  was  to  (hake  for  evei*  that 
confidemce  between  .fubjefts  and  foye- 
reiros,  which  difpofes  both  parties  to 
}>ring  their  complaints  before  the  pure 
tribunal  o^  univerfal  reafon,  and  to  arbi^ 
trate  by  a  gentler  fway  than  that  of  force, 
by  the  hesding  voice  of  deliberate  public 
opinion^  their  reciprpcal  public  gricy- 
ances-^that  it  was  to  embolden  the 
French  nation  fifft,  and  in  confequence 
^ their  fuccefs^ 

L.  O,  they  cannot  fuccerd  againftthe 
deteftation  ot  Europe. 

C.  Not  unlefs  that  deteftatton  /hould 
tppeal  to  force,  and  chooie  an  umpire 
mhofe  decifions  are  unconncded  with 
nght  reafon. 

k  L.  Heaven  will  aL|Fenge  their  brfsacli  pf 
f?ery  fluty. 

C.  By  infuring  to  all  their  pondui^  itf 
SMtural  reward. 

h>  Vet  injuftic^  jfm  yng^  infinuatlng, 
tD»y  kepollcy.       ^ 

p.  7*^  obh^tion  p  juftice,  In  al) 
pMlkSf  undoubtedly  ^  depends  upon  it^ 
}»tilit3r*-and  France  is  ieverely  feeling  the 
iHorrid  )V(fpf  yf   JSP'OfM .  i^S^^^t 


That  uaconfcientiout  temper,  whichcouli 
pardon  to  the  denAoliihert  of  the  BaftiUe 
the  exercife  of  fummary  vengeance,  (irft 
weakened  the  perfonal  fecurity  of  all  thoie 
whofe  fiinfliont  qr  whofe  condufi  migkt 
become  ooboxious  to  the  fpirlt  of  the 
times.  Men  content  to  derive  advantagt 
from  the  decent  imprifonment  of  their 
J^fg^  after  the  6th  of  OApber,  liave  little 
to  charge  upon  thofe  who  ient  a  mob  to 
the  Louvre  on  the  aoth  June.  Propri- 
etors, who  could  deprive  the  ckrgy  of 
France,  in  their  life-time,  of  an  iocome 
acquired  and  enjoyed  under  ancient  fia« 
tutes,  ought  at  leaft  to  tolerate  the  pro- 
pofal  of  other  agrarian  laws.  The  lup- 
prefioi^  of  feudau'  rights,  without  jl  full 
indemnity,  Js  no  kfs  inequitable  thaq 
the  offer  of  a  pompofition  upon  national 
debts.  Vet,  where  is  the  Fneuch  patriot 
pf  integrity  fo  fevere  as  to  have  concumd 
in  none  of  thefe  wrongs  ? 
'  L.  pid  Boland  ? 

C.  There  are  too  few  fuch.  Can  we 
tfeat  one  man>  life  with  levity,  and  tx^ 
T^t&  apother*^  to  be  refpcded  ?  View  ooe 
form  of  property  witn  an  indi^mnce, 
^d  look  for  another  to  be  beid  faoed } 
But  <his  rigid  juftice  once  difpenfed  with, 
each  particulai'  infringement  muft  be  edi- 
mated  by  its  own  peculiar  expediency. 

L.  Judged  of  then  by  its  fucccfsf 

C.  No^  that  fuccefs  becomes  ttfeif  ^ 
misfortune  to  the  humaa  ii^e.  The  fuc- 
cefs  of  Harmodius  encouraged  Brutus  to 
tyrannicide  I  but  w|:now  condemn  them 
both  with  Sinderpome  and  Ankar(troeni. 

^.  Would  ^ou  have  had  Brutus  aflrm- 
bie  a  convention  of  theRqpiaa  icnators, 
to  decree  CsAfai^s  death  f 

C.  The  tyrant  would  hare  been  pu* 
niihed  b v  an  /x  poJifaQo  law* 

L.  Twe  ihould  too,  be.ibme  remedy 
for  ufprpation, 

C.  Surely  no  grievance  of  general 
concern  can  eyer  need  an  individtul  vic- 
tim. The  obnoxious  power  -of  any  one 
ipan*  mnft  depend  up^n  a  &rce  attached 
to  him  by  p*ay»  onby,  opinion.  Axe  His 
reiburce^  perfonal  property  ?  it  has  •  rigkt 
to  its  natural  operation— ^Public  property? 
\t  may  be  withheld.  Does  he  canciliate 
opinion  by  perfonal  qualities?  they  have 
a  right  to  (heir  natural  op^raf  ion— By  4 
prejudice  of  fan£lity  or  birth?  reroove 
the  fuperftition,  or  you  tStBt  no  curt« 
|n  every  faprifice  pf  individual  propejty 
or  lifci  to  pi|bUp  pretexts,  it  has  ever  beco 
Ignorance  that  cuis  j^e  k^t,  lyhipb  i|^il| 
inieht  have  untied. 

£.  Impatience  rath^. 

C,  Pcd)a^  ip. .  rU  J#f|»  (eldpoi 

A  •.  .    Ail-—  ^|WfW 


jf  Dtabgui  in  Empyriumj  hawien  Lcuis  X VL  mi  Charles  h   35$ 


numcroof  enough  to  war  futccftfuUy 
with  an  abufe,  without  afliftancej  and 
the  unjaft  have  fonfte  immediate  end  to 
fei-ve  by  its  extirpation,  •  which  render* 
the  tolerance  of  delay  infupp^ttable.* 

L.  Then  it  will  always  *!rf|5pcn    in 
great  events,  that — 


dividing  with  them  my  power.  Yon 
Ihould  have  made  it  the  intercft  of  dema- 
^gues  to  increale  your  influence  by  join* 
ing  in  the  overthrow  of  the  ]frivilegcd 
clafles.  My  country  was  ripe  for  ariSo- 
cracy,  where  rank  is  power  5  I  had  to 
preierve    the    prejudices    of    condition* 


C.  General  causes  every  where  operate    Your  cotmtry  was  ripe  for  democracy, 
alike.    We  both  fell  fhoit  of  money  fi\inr  Vhere  opulence  is  empire ;  jrou  had  to  in- 


circumftances  unavoidable.  We  both 
aifembled  the  deputies  of  the  people  to 
obtain  more.  We  both  found  them  de- 
termined to  buy  privileges  for  their  con- 
tributions 5  and,  not  relilhing  the  terms, 
wc  both  tried  to  break  off"  bargaining,  and 
found  them  the  ftrongcft — 

i.  We  did  not  draw  l)ack  before  the 
antagonift  became  fo  palpably  infolent — 

C.  Louis,  it  is  the  laft  prejudice  we 


terefteach  fucccflive  adminiftration  in  en* 
circling  you.  Had  you  earned  your  pen* 
ilon  ^y  zeal — had  you  been  a  Jacobin 
king,  inftead  of  a  rot  famiatttt  ail  had 
been  well — But  Doriflaus  beckons. 

L.  Leading  hither  the  execrable  Pel* 
letier. 

C.  Not  fo  boifteroos,  Lotiis.  Though 
your  enemy,  he  was  honeft.  You  have 
yet  the  paflions  of  earth.     In  time,  yois 


doff  in  thefeetherial  feats— to  be  alhamed,  will  acquire  the  equanimity  of  our  iha* 
of  pleading  guilty  to  the  meaner  vices.    ^&amf  dwellings. 


\Ve  were  both  tainted  with  infmcerity, 
Our  foes  never  knew  wherewith  we  would 
be  content}  and,  therefore  had,*  in  every 
iituation,  to  multiply  their  precautions 
againft  us. 


To  the  E£tor  of  tbg  Moathfy  M^aziat^ 


SIR, 


R.  Godwin,  In  the  life  of  his  late 
wife,  Mfs.  Mary  Wollftoscrafk 


L.  You  were  l^om  in  an  age  when  thie    Godwin,   fiys,  • "  I  believe  it  may  be 
htghefHhougftt  much  of  kines ;  I,  when-  admitted  as  a  maxim,  that  no  peribn  of  a 


the  loweft  thought  little  or  them.  Bf 
early  and  moderate  conceflions,  therefore, 
you  might  have  retained  a  more  than 
jtrafonable  (har^' of  power. 

C.  Br6ught  up  as  khgs,  it  ww  natu- 
ral torus  both  tociv«*-ratc  alike  that  fliare 


well  fumilhed  mind,  that  has  Ihaken  off 
the  implicit  fubje^lion  of  youth,  and  it 
not  the  zealous  partizan  of  a  {c&.,  can 
brine  himfelf  to  conform  to  the  public  and 
regular  routine  of  fermoni  and  prayers." 
I  cannot,  however,  admits  that  this  ob« 


of  power  which  the  general  will  would'  fervationof  Mr.  Ggdwin^s  has  anyjuft 
hav*.- vouchfafed.  I  fear  there  is,  in  this  claim  to  be  acknowledged  as  a  maxim, 
cafe,  no  other  meafort  of  the  reafonable.  Many  of  the  firft  and  moft  enlightened  of 
jv   L.  My  faerifices  have  been  fuch—  the  human  fpecics  have  thought  it  their 

C\  As  bore  to  the  times  the  fame  pro--*  duty  to  attend  public  worftiip,  and  have- 
portion  with  mine.'    You  partook  the    attended  it  with  pleafure.     Among  the 


{^hilofophic  tcmjjer  of  your  age,  I  the  chi- 
valrous fpirit  ot  mine.  You  had  indo* 
Icnce,  and  thought  a  reputation'acquirable 
by  commuting  your  power  for  a  pcn(ion» 
I  had  adivity,  and  fancied  my  honour 
requiied  that  I  fhould  hand  down  my 
patrimoffy  of  power  undiminiftied  to  my 


firm  believers  of  the  Chriftian  religion  in 
our  own  country,  and  thofe  who  attended 
public  worfhip,  may  be  numbered  Bovlc, 
Newton,  Locke^  and  Addifon.  Tnefe 
men  will  not  eaUly  be  matched  by  the 
oppofers  of  revelation  and  of  public  wor- 
ship.    It  appears  to  me,  that  an  attend- 


Ion  5  but  now  J  pecceivt,  tkit  irue  honour    ance  on  public  worihip,  when  rationally 

— r.n..  ?_  .L 1 •£._.:..: c.,^      performed,   and  divcttcd  of  fuperftitious 

ceremonies,  has  a  natural  tendency  not^ 
only  to  infpire  a  reverence  of  the  Deity, 
i)ut  alfo  to  promote  a  love  cf  virtue,  and 
the  praflice  of  benevolence.  Its  .efFc6ls 
are  beneficial  to  the  heait,  and   fo  l,he 


confifts  in  the  voluntary'foregoingof  un- 
i^afotiabhl  privik  ges. 

L.  That  is,  according  to  your  own 
criterion,  of  thofe  one  cannot  keep. 

C.  Of  thofe  one  cannot  keep  in  con- 
formity with  the  general  will,  wTth  the 
public  intereil.  Opinions  were,  perhaps, 
in  your  time,  fo  mature,  that  trub  honour 
required  a  complete  abdication  of  the 
crotm.  Yet,  I  do  not  believe  the  Flinch 
patson  £>  far  advanjccd  in  information 


manners.      And    thofci    who    mdy  not* 
ftand    in    need   of  religious   inftru(5lioa. 
themfelves,   may  ftijl  think   themfclves 
under  *an  obligation  to  attend,  from' the  . 
re^fonabltnefs   and  propriety  vof  public' 


Prudence  might  have  kept  us  both  upon  worihip,  and  that  their  example  may  in. 

the  throne,     |  flionId.niy<?nTade  it  thf  duce  otlm's  to  attend,  who  need  moral 

intd^ft  of  ^liamem  not  to  Bi^e  tfi^  and  rel^ious  inftni£(io{^  for  the  regiiW 

tafiyiuliccijnMfil  nyf  yn«  importancf  by  tioa  of  their  conhi^f  U.S. 


(    SS6    ) 


WALPOLIANA; 

Or  B^nS'MotSy  Apophthegms^  Ohfervations  en  Life  and  Lherature^  with 
Extraifs  from  Original  Letters 
OF  THE  LATE  HORACE  fTjfLPOLE,  l(^OF  ORFORD, 
NUMBER  III.  ' 

tpitb  Mr.  Walpolk.  '  It  k  partly  drawn  up  Jroti  a  edlieSion  ef  Ans-MoiSf  &e.  tM  b'a  tvm 
f^*fd-^'thg  J  partly  from  Amcdotet  written  down  ajttr  long  Cowvarjatxons  wrh  bm, 

XJUVII.   HOURS  OF  COMPOSITION. 

1  WROTE  the  "  Ca/Ile  o/Otranto''  in 
eight  day8>  or  rather  eight  nights  | 
lor  my  general  hours  of  compoiition  are 
from  ten  oViock  at  night  till  two  in  the 
morning,  when  I  am  Aire  not  to  be  dil« 
turbed  by  vifitants.  While  I  am  writing 
I  take  fcveral  cups  of  coffee* 

XXXTXII.    HUME  AND  BVRNET. 

I  am  no  admirer  of  Hume*  In  con- 
vcrfation  he  was  very  thick  $  and  I  do  be- 
lieve hardly  underftood  a  fubje£h  till  he 
\ad  written  upon  it; 

finmet  I  like  -much.  It  is  obf^nrabley 
tet  none  of  his  fa£ks  has  bten  coiltro- 
verted,  except  his  relation  of  the  birth  of 
tbe  Pretender,'  in  which  he  was  certainly 
Btftakeiy— but  his  very  credulity  is  a 
imoof  of  his  honefty.  Burnetts  (Vjle  and 
manner  are  ¥cry  interefting.  It  feems  as 
if  be  had  juft  come  from  the  king*s  cloftc, 
or  from  the  apartments  of  the  men  whom 
lie  dcfcrrbct,  and  was  telling  his  reader, 
in  plaiariioBeft  tenns,  what  ae  had  feen 
and  heard. 


XXXIX.   AUTHORS  AND  ARTISTS.' 

I  have  always  rather  tried  to  efcape  the 
acquaintance,aiid  converiaiion,of  authors. 
An  author  talking  of  his  own  works,  or 
ccnfuring  thofe  ot  others,  is  to  me  a  dofe 
df  hypecacuana.  I  like  only  a  few,  who 
can  in  company  forg^et  their  authoiihip, 
and  remember  plain  lenie. 

The  converfation  of  artifis  is  ftill 
worfe.  Vanity  and  envy  are  the  mam  in- 
gredients. One  deteiU  vanity,  bccauie 
It  fliocks  one^s  own  vanity. 

Had  I  liftened  to  the  cenTures  of  artifts, 
diere  is  not  a  good  piece  in  my  coUcftion. . 
One  blames  one  part  of  a  pi^lure,  another 
attacks  another.  Sir  Jofluia  is  one  of  the 
moft  candid}  yet  he  blamed  the  iliff 
drapery  of  my  Henry  VII,  in  the  ftate 
bed-chamber,  as  if  good  drapery  could 
be  expc^ed  in  that  age  of  painting. 

Xt-  CAUTION  TO  YOUNG  AUTHORS. 

Youth  is  prone  to  cenfure.  A  youBff 
^l^of  genius  expe^U  t»  make  f  yrswi 


for  himfelf ;  as  he  gets  older,  he  finds  he 
muft  take  it  as  it  is. 

It  is  imprudent  in  a  young  author  to 
make  anv  enemies  whatever.  He  (houli 
notattact  any  living  perfon.  Popems, 
perhaps,  too  refined  and  jefuitic  a  pro- 
feflbr  of  authoiihip  i  and  his  arts  to  eilz- 
bllfh  his  reputation  were  infinite,  and 
Ibmetiroes  perhaps  exceeded  the  bcundi 
of  fevere  integrity.  But  in  this  he  is  an 
example  of  prudence,  that  he  wrote  ao 
iatire  till  his  fortune  was  made. 

XLI.   PUBLIC  VIRTUE. 

When  I  firft  thnift  my  nofe  into  the 
world  y  I  was  apt  loudly  to  blame  any 
defection  from  what  I  cftsemed  public 
wrtue,  or  patriotifm.  As  I  grew  cider, 
I  found  the  times  were  more  to  bUme 
tfian  the  men.  We  may  ccnfuie  pbces 
smd  pcnfions;  while  thr  pWccmen  aod 
t)ie  pegfioners  are  often  intidcd  to  our 
efteenu  One  man  has  a^jaumerous  hmiiy 
to  provide  for,  another  is  ruled  by  a  vain 
wife,  &Cft  &c.  I  think  ibme  trmpra- 
tioDs  would  have  overcome  even  Brutus. 
But  why  talk  of  Brutus,  while  men  not 
4ures  arc  the  obje6b  ? . 


XLII.     OEORCETHE  FIRST. 

I  do  rcmembdl'  fomething  of  Georg- 
the  Firft.  My  father  took  me  to  $t» 
James's  while  I  was  a  rcry  little  bo?  j 
afto  waiting  fome  tiny  in  an  anti-room, 
a  gentleman  came  in  all  dreiM  in  brown, 
even  his  flockings}  and  with  a  ribbon  ard 
ftar.  He  took  me  up  in  his  arms,  kitTd 
me,  and  chattel. feme  lime. 

XLin.      LIKENESS    IN    AN1^<^E   FOR* 
TRAITS. 

On  looking  at  the  buft  of  Marcos  An- 
toninus, in  the  gallery  at  Strawberry  HiiJ, 
Mr.  Walpole  obferved  that  even  the 
worft  art  ills  among  the  ancients  always 
Jiit  the  chara&er  and  likenefs ;  which  tn 
befl  of  ours  feldom,  or  never,  do. 

This  is  a  problem  worthy  of  anvp> 
difcufllon,  in  a  country  fond  of  portraits. 
Had  the  ancients  any  particular  modv.  c; 
machine  5  or  was  it  the  pure  effcp  ot  lu- 
perior  geitius  f 

•  .  «.w.  TOM 


mip^liMa,  No.  IIL 


3S7 


XLiT.  Portraits. 
I  prefer  portraits,  really  intereftinj, 
not  only  to  landfcape-paintingy  but  to 
hiftory.  A  landfcape  is,  we  will  fay,  an 
cxquiiite  diftribution  of  wood,  and  water, 
aiKi  buildings.  It  is  e3CCeU9lit-«%>we  paf^ 
on,  and  it  leaves  not  one  trace  in  the  me* 
mory.  In  hiftorical  painting  there  may 
be  fubBme  decepttou — but  it  not  only  ai- 
ways  falls  fkort  of  the  idea,  but  is  always 
faifi'^  that  is,  has  the  grcateft  blemlfli 
incidental  to  hiftory.  It  is  .  commonly 
falfc  in  the  cofiumi\  generally  in  the  por- 
traits ;  always  in  the  grouping  and  atti- 
tudes, which  the  painter,  if  not  prelent, 
cannot  poflibiy  delineate  as  they  realfy 
were.  Call  it  fabulous-painting,  tni  | 
have  no  objeftion. — But  a  real  portrait  we 
know  is  truth  itfelf :  and  it  calls  up  fo 
many  collateral  ideas,  as  to  fill  an  intel- 
ligent mind  more  than  any  other  fpecies. 

;CLV«   AUTHORS  IN  FLOWER — MYSTE- 
RIOUS MOTHER. 

At  Strawberry  Hill,  19th  Sept.  17849 
Mr.  Walpole  remarked  that^  at  a  certain 
time  of  their  lives,  men  of  genius  feemed 
to  be  in  flvwer.  Gray  was  in  flower 
ihreeycars,  #hen  he  wrote  his  odes,  &c. 
This  ftafting  the  idea  of  the  Americxn 
aloe,  fome  kinds  of  which  ai-e  faid  to 
flower  pnly  once  in  a  century,  he  ob- 
served, laughing,  that  had  Gray  lived  a 
hundred  years  longer,  perhapr^e  would 
faave  been  tfi  flower  again.  Sir  Charles 
Hanbury  Williams  bore  only  one  bioflbm} 
be  was  in  flower  on}y  for  one  o4e. 

Next  evening,  about  eleven  o*ciock, 
Mr.  Walpole  gave  me  the  Myfterious 
Mother  to  read,  while  he  went  to  Mrs. 
CI  ivc*s  for  an  hour  or  two.  The  date  was 
remarkable,  as  the  piay  hinges  on  an 
aumiveriary  twentieth  of  SeptefAer^ 
but  often  as  returns 
The  twtntjeth  of  Septeniiilr,  frc. 
This  odd  circumftance  confpired  with  the 
complete  folitude  of  the  Gothic  apart- 
ments, to  lend  an  additional  imprelTion  to 
the  fupcrftitious  parts  of  that  tragedy.  In 
point  of  language,  and  the  true  expreflion 
of  pallion  and  teeling,  the  new  and  juft 
delineation  of  monaftic  fraud,  tyranny,  and 
cruelty  J  it  defervcs  the  greateft  praife. 
But  it  is  fui*prifing  that  a  man  of  his  tafte 
and  judgment  fhould  have  added  to  t)ie 
improbability  of  the  tale,  inftead  of  mel- 
lowing it  with  foftcr  (hades.  This  might 
be  cured'  by  altering  one  page  of  the 
cowntcfs^s  confeflion  in  the  la  ft  aft. — 
The  ftory,  as  told  in  Luther's  Table 
Talk,  ieems  more  ancient  than  that  in 
the  Talcs  of  the  Queen  of  Navahe. 


On  Mr.  WatpoIeS  return,  be  &id  be 
had  printed  a  few  copies  of  this  tragedy 
'at  Strawberry  Hill,  to  give  to  his  friend*. 
Some  of  them  falling  into  improper  hands, 
two  f^rreptitious  editions  were  advertifcd. 
Mr.  W.  m  confequence  dedred  Dodiley  tt> 
print  an  edition  1781,  and  even  caufed  it 
to  be  advertired.  But  finding  that  the 
ftolen  impreifions  were  of  courte  dropped* 
he  ordered  his  not  to  be  i/Taed,  and  none 
YfS^  ever  fold. 

XLVI.   CRAY*a  POLITICS. 

•  I  nevtr  rightly  underi^iod  Mr.  Gray's 
political  opinions.  Sometimes  he  feemel 
to  incline  to  the  fide  of  authority  $  ibiiie- 
times  to  that  of  the  people.     ^ 

This  is  indeed  natural  to  an  ingenuous 
and  candid  mind.  When  a  portion  of  the 
people  ihews  groft  vices,  or  idle  ieditioo, 
arilmg  from  mere  ignorance  or  prejudice  ; 
nne  wi(hc«  it  checked  by  authority. 
When  the  governors  purfue  wicked  plant, 
or  weak  measures,  one  wilhes  a  fpirited 
oppolition  by  the  people  ^t  large. 

XLVII.   DR.  ROBERTSON. 

1^.  Robertfon  called  on  me  t'other 
day.  We*  talked  of  fome  politicil  af- 
fairs ;  and  he  concluded  his  opinion  with* 
"  for  you  muft  know;*  fir,  that  I  look 
upon  myfelf  as  a  moderate  whig."  My 
anfwer  was,  *'  yes,  do£ior,  I  look  on  yoa 
as  a  *very  moderate  whig.'* 

XLVIII.   BRITISH  EMPIRE. 

We  now  talk  of  the  Britifli  em^e,  and 
of  Titus  and  Trajan,  who  were  abfolute 
emperors.  In  miy  time  it  was  the  Britiih 
monarcly.  What  is  this  mighty  empire 
over  ten  or  twelve  millions  ot  people,  and 
a  few  trading  colonies }  People  fliut  up  in 
an  ifland  have  always  ^ride  enotigh — but 
this  is  too  ridiculous  even  for  flattery  to 
invent,  and  iA^  abfolute  power  of  s 
Roman  emperor  to  fwallow,  along  with 
an  apotheofis. 

XLIX.   DON   <yJIXOTTE. 

Don  Quixotte  is  no  favourite  of  mine. 
When  a  man  is  once  fo  mad,  as  to  mil- 
take  a  wind-mill  for  a  giant,  what  more  is 
to  be  faid,  but  an  infipid  repetition  of 
mi  (lakes,  or  an  unchai-aftcriftic  deviation 
from  Hbcm  ? 

[This  judgment  was  furcly  too  harfli.  It  is 
the  minute defcription  of  life  and  clurad^r,  as 
they  occur  in  Spain,  that  intereib  us  in  read- 
ing Don  Quixotte,  and  make  us  pardon  the  ex- 
travagance of  tlss chief  chafaftcr,  and  the  in- 
fipidity  of  the  paftoral  fcenet.  The  epifodes  are 
bad  J  except  the  tale  of  the  Spaoifli  capciyc 
and  his  Moori/b,  miftrcfe,  which  i$  wrought 
up  with  great  truth  and  nature.] 

L.  VOL- 


3S« 


fPalpalt^na^  Ko.  IIL 


Soon  after  thad  publUhcd  my  *'  Hlftoric 
DoubUQtt  the  reign  of  Richard  III.'  *  Vol- 
take  happening  to  fee  and  like  the  book, 
6nt  rae  a  letter,  mentioning  hovir  much 
the  work  anfurered  his  ideas  concerning  the 
uncertainty  of  hillory,  as  czpreficd  in  hil 
iMoire  Geturale.  He  added  many  praifes 
ot  my  bo«k$  and  concluded  withcnti:tac- 
ing  my  amide. 

As  I  had,  Jn  the  preface  to  the  Caftll  of 
Otranto,  ridiculed  Voluire's  conduA  to* 
wards  Shakfpere,  I  thought  it  proper  firft 
to  iend  Voltaine  that  book ;  and  ^t  him 
underftand  that,  if  after  peniiing  it,  he 
perixlled  in  offering  me  his  amitie\  I  had  no  . 
obje6llon$,  but  ibould  efleem  myfelf 
hondiiied  by  the  friendihip  of  ib  great  a 


meifcngeratlenjithnLtd,  <'thf  Dnbfait 
me  to  Ice  you  m  bed,  for  in  this  kd  he 


Sometime  after  I  iTceivcd  from  my 
acquaintance  the  Dutcheis  of  Choifeol,  at 
Pai'is,  a  letter,  inclofrng  one  from  VohaaK 
ID  her,  wherein  he  faid  that  I  had  fc-nt  him 
c  book,  in  the  preface  to  which  he  was 
loaded  with  reproaches,  and  all  on  ac- 
count de  Jen  E^uffcn  de  Skakfpere^.  .He 
ftated  nothing  of  the  real  traiuaflion,  but 
cmly  mentioned  the  fending  of  the  Caftle  of 
Otranto,  a»  if  this  had  been  the  veiy  iirft 
ftep. 

LI.   NEW  IDEA  OP  A  NOVEL. 

I  am  firmly  convinced  that  a  (lory 
might  be  written,  of  which  all  thr  inci« 
dents  ihould  appear  fupcrnatural,  yet 
tuin  out  natural.- 

[This  remark  was  made  in  17S4.] 

LIT.   COALS  TO    NEWCASTLE. 

The  chief  apprehcnfion  ot  the  Duke  of 
Newcaftle,  (the  mimftcr),  was  that  of 
catching  cold.  Often  in  the  heat  of 
Amimer  the  debates,  in  the  Houle  of 
JLords,  would  (land  11111,  till  foine  window 
iNFcre  ihut,  in  confequence  of  the  Duke*s 
cidei's.  The  Peers  would  ail  be  meltinc 
in  fweat,  ^t  the  Duke  might  not  catch 
cold. 

When  fir  }oieph  Vorke  was  ambaflfador 
at  the  Hague,  a  curious  inflance  hap- 
pened of  this  idle  apprchenfion.  The  late 
King  going  to  Hanover,  the  Duke  muft 
go  with  him,  that  his  foe^  might  not  in- 
jure him  in  his  abfence.  The  day  they 
were  ta  ]»afs  the  fea,  a  nKrfTcnger  canie»  at 
£ve  o*clock  in  the  morning,  and  drew  fir 
Jofepb*s  bed  curtains.  Sir  Jofeph  ftaiting, 
aiked  what  was  the  matter.  The  man 
laid  he  came  from  the  Duke  of  New- 
cafUe.  «  For  God*s  fajse,  exclaimed  (ir 
Jofeph,  what  is  it?  Is  the  King  ill  ?'*  No. 
After    feveral    fruitlefs*  queftions,     the 

•  Of  his  buffoon  ShJifpere. 


LIU.   TWO  MINISTBK.8. 

Mr.  Pittas  plan,  when  he  Iiad  the  gent, 
was  to  have  no  fire  in  his  room,  but  to 
load  himfelf  with  bed-clothes.  At  lui 
houfe  at  Hayes  he  fleeped  in  a  long  room ; 
«t  pneend  of  whi^h  was  his  bed,  and  his 
lady*s  at  the  other.  His  way  was,  when 
he  thought  the  Duke  of  Newcaile  had 
fallen  into  any  miftake,  to  fend  for  falm, 
and  read  Mm  a  lecture.  The  Duke  wis 
fent  for  once,  and  came,  when  Mr.  Pitt 
was  confined  to  bed  by  the  gout.  There 
was,  as  ufual,  no  iirc  in  the  room  \  the 
day  was  very  chilly  and  the  Dukci  as 
ufual,  afraid  of  catching  cold.  The 
Duke  firft  fat  down  on  Mrs.  Pitt's  bed, 
as  the  warmeft  place ;  then  drew  up  his 
kgs  into  it,  as  he  got  colder.  The  )ec. 
ture  unluckily  continuing  a  confideiabk 
time,  the  Duke  at  len^h  fairly  lodged 
himlelf  under  Mrs.  Pitt's  bed-clothes. 
A  perfoni  firom  whom  I  had  the  ftory, 
fuddenly  going  in,  faw  the  two  minifters 
in  bed,  at  the  two  ends  of  the  room,  while 
Pittas  long  nofe,  and  black  beani  rniharrd 
for.fonie  days,  added  to  the  grotefqueof 
the  fcene. 

LIV.   DR.  JOHNSON. 

I  cannot  imagine  that  "br.  JohufoB*! 
Imputation  will  be  very  bfting.  Hit 
di^onary  is  a  furprifing  work  forooe 
man — but  fuEcient  examples  in  foreign 
countries  ihew  that  the  taik  is  too  much 
for  one  man,  and  that  a  fociety  ihcuM 
aloBe  pnstend  to  publiih  a  ftandard  die 
tionary.  In  }ohnfoii*s  dl^ionary,  I  can 
hardly  find  any  thing  I  look  for.  It  is 
full  of  words  no  wlitre  elfe  to  be  found; 
amd  wants  numerous  words  occurring  in 
gooil  authors.  In  writing  it  is  ufemi; 
a^  if  one  be  doubtful  in  the  choice  of  t 
woi-d,  it  dilpbys  the  authorities  for  its 
ufage, 

Hi«  rifays  I  deteft.  They  are  fiill 
of  what  I  call  tri^td^^  or  reneating  the 
fame  thing  thrice  over,  fo  that  three  papers 
to  the  iicat  effe£l  misht  be  made  out  of 
any  one  paper  in  the  Rambler.  He  nsu& 
have  had  a  bad  heart — his  ftory  of  the 
facrilcge  in  his  voyage  to  the  Wciteni 
iflands  of  Scotland  is  a  lamentable  in- 
ftance. 

LT.  PHTSIOGKOMT. 

Lavater,  in  his  Phyfiognomy,  fays  that 
Lord  Anibn,  from  his  countenance,  muft 
have  been  a  very  wife  man.  He  was  oni 
of  thcmoit  ftupid  men  I  ever  knew. 

LVi,  WOO* 


WalpoUana^  No.  Ill Anecdotes  of  Cromwell.  J^f 


LVI.  INDOLENCE. 

When  the  Duke  of  Ncwcaflle  left  the 
miniftry,  a  whole  clofct  of  American  dil- 
patches  was  found  unopened. 

LVII.    MILTON.    *' 

If  Milton  had  written  In  Italian  he 
would  have  been,  in  my  opinion,  the 
moft  pcrfefl  poet  in  modern  languages  \ 
tor  hit  own  ftrength  of  thought  would" 
have  condenl'cd  and  hardened  that  fpecch 
to  a  proper  degree , 

LVIII.     MARY     (^EEN      OF      SCQT- 
LAND. 

I  csiAnot  think  .that  the  letter  from 
Mary  Queen  of  Scotland  to  Elizabeth, 
about  the  amours  of  the  latter,  is  genuine. 
I  fi'ppofe  it  a  forgery  of  Burleigh,  to 
fiicw  Elizabeth,  if  (be  had  refufed  to  con- 
Jv-mn  Mary. 

Ir  was  the  intereft  of  Queen  Elizabeth's 
JTiinifters  to  put  Mary  to  death,  i.  as  they 
iiad  gone  too  far  againil  her,  to  hope  for 
mercy  j  and  2.  to  Iccure  a  protcftant  fuc- 
celfion.  The  above  letter  was  publiflied 
hy  Hayncs,  among  the  Cecil  Papers  pre- 
iliTcd  at  Hatfield  Houfe.  His  compila- 
rion  is  executed  without  judgment. 

I  have  read  the  apologies  for  Mary ; 
but  ftill  miift  believe  ner  guilty  of  her  huf- 
baiRps  <!earh.  So  much  of  the  advocate, 
To  many  fuppojitions,  appear  in  thole 
long  a^wlogies,  that  they  fliew  of  them- 
Irlv'cs  that  plain  truth  can  hardly  be  on 
lint  fide.  Suppofe  her  guilty,  and  all  is 
Uiy :  there  is  no  longer  a  labyrinth,  and 


a  clue : — All  is  in  the  high- way  of  human 
affairs. 

LIX.    BRIBERY. 

If  you  look  into  the  laft  volumes  of  the 
Memoires  de  Villarsy  you  will  find  minutes 
of  the  French  council,  whence  it  appears 
that  Fleury  was  accufed  of  taking  money 
from  England,  at  a  time  when  it  was 
alleged  that  my  father  was  bribed  by 
France.  The  origin  of  this  mighty 
charge  was,  that  fir  Robert  Walpole  had 
indorfcd  a  bill  of' 500/.  to  a  linen  draper 
in  the  Strand,  with  the  folc  view  of  ferv- 
ing  that  linen  draper. 

LX.      MINISTRIES     OP     GEORGE     THE 
SECOND. 

The  miniftries  of  George  the  Seconal 
were  all  whig.  The  oppofition  confiftcd 
of  old  whigs,  fuch  as  Rufhout,  and 
others;  of  Jacobites,  fuch  as  fir  William 
Wyndham,  and  Shippen. 

Sir  Robert  WalpoFe  faid,  *'fome  are 
corrupt,  but  Twill  tell  you  of  one  who  is 
not.  Shippen  is  not.*'  When  Shippen 
came  to  taJce  the  oath  of  allegiance,  fir 
Robert  Walpole  was  at  the  board .  Ship- 
pen  had  a  trick  of  holding  his  glove  to 
his  mouth,  and  did  fo  when  repeating  the 
oath.  Sir  Robert  pulled  down  his  hand. 
Shippen  faid,  "  Robin,  that  is  not  fair.'' 

New  whigs  in  the  minority,  because 
out  of  the  minirtry,  were  Puheney,  for- 
merly joined  in  the  adminiftration  with, 
fir  Robert  Walpole;  Lyttekon,  whole 
father  was  a  true  whig ;  and  Pitt. 
[7i?  he  continued J\ 


ORIGINAL   ANECDOTES    AND    REMAINS 

OF 

EMINENT    PERSONS. 


Anecdotes  ^Cromweli^, 

CAItRed  by  the  late  Vfoftfjur  Anderjony  of  Glaf- 

THE  following  ahecd^te?  iCotijEerniog 
Oliver  Cromwell,  I' learned  in  con- 
vcri'ation,  many  yearn  ago,  froiT>  Mr. 
James  Anderfon,  who  was  long  the  m:^- 
nager  of  Stockwell-ftrect  fugai--houfe,  in 
Cihfgow,  a  man.  of  verajcity,  and  who 
d  M  about  thirty  yeai's  ago,  in  a  very  ad- 
yinctd  ?ge.  He  faid  that  he.  Iiad  them 
from  Mr.  Danziel,  fen.  a  mci/chunt  in  tlie 
lllgh-ftreet  of  Giafgow,  who  dttd  jn  the 
beginning  of  this  centory  ;  and  that  his 
Iricnd  Danziers  account  was  cunfimi^dto 
him  by'many  Concurring  teftimontes. 

A  (hort  time  before  the  b'»tilc  of  Dun- 
})ar^  94  Cromwell  was  viewing  the  <^io\iyd, 

frJoiiTfiLY  Mag,  No.  xxxi. 


accompanied  by  a  few  cavalry,  a  foldier 
of  the  Scottifti  army,  prompted  by  his 
own  2eal,  concealed  nimfelf  behind  a  wall 
which  inclofed  a  field,  and  fired  his  muf- 
ket  at  Cromwcfl.  The  ball  did  not  take 
effif^,  but  went  near  him.  The  cavalry 
fcemed  to  be  alarmed,  but  Cromwell,  whW 
was  going  at  a  round  trot,  never  altered 
his  pace,  nor  tightened  his  rein;  and'^ 
pnly  looking  over  his  fhouldcr  to  the 
place  from  whence  the  (hot  came,  called 
out,  "  You  lubberly  rafcal,  were  one  of 
my  men  to  mifs  fuch  a  marr-,  he  fhouid 
certainly  be  tied  tip  to  the  halberts.'* 

When  Cromwell  entered  ^lafg'ow,  faid 

Danziel,  at  the  head  of  his*  *vi6loricrui 

army,  \  was  Handing  in  the  ftrcct  caTTed 

Bell's- Wynd,  at  tlje  end  of  it  which  joins 

3  A  th| 


Jro 


Amcitiis  rf  CromweUm 


the  HIgh4beet«  wkk  a  good  muiy  yoa*f 
lad«,  and  a  ihoemakcr»  who  wis  well 
known  to  un  ail^  by  his  drollery*  and  by 
the  name  of  London  Willie.  A»  we  were 
/ilently  admiring  the  order  of  the  troofty 
Cromwell  h|rppaied  to  caft  his  fyt  npoa 
in^  asd  cried  out,  *<  RaK^  WiUiel  ^:ome9 
hither,  Wilfic  I  If  we  were  farprizcd  at 
this,  we  were  more  iurpriied  to  ice  Willie 
retire  into  Bdri-Wynd«  and  one  of 
Cromweirs  atteiidanii  go  after  him,  who 
In-onght  him  to  the  general,  at  w9iofe  ftir- 
nip  he  not  <^Iy  walked,  bat  went  In  wi0i 
him  to  his  lodgmg  for  fome  minutes .  My 
companions  and  I  wafted  tilL  Willie  came 
oHt,  anxiooi  to  koiow  why  ox)e  of  his  fta- 
tion  was  taken  notice  of  by  the  famous 
Cromwell,  Willie  iiion  fatis£ed  our  cu- 
liofity,  by  inibrming  us,  that  his  father 
had  been  a  footman  to  Jame<  the  Sixth, 
and  accompanied  him  to  London^  at  the 
union  of  the  crowns :  that  he  himfcirwat 
^red  a  Ihoemafcer,  and  wrought  in  a  lane 
tiin>ugh  which  Cromwell  often  pailed  to 
a  fchool,  as  he  fuppofed :  that  Cromwell 
ilied  to  ftop  at  the  workshop  to  get  his 
ball,  and  play-things  .mended,  and  to  be 
amv^  with  his  jokes,  and  Scotch  pro- 
manciation :  ^hat  they  had  not  met  nrom 
that  time  till  now:  that  he  had  retired 
into  Bcll^s-Wynd,  left  it  ihould  be  re- 
membered tl^at  his  father  had  belonged  to 
the  royal  family :  that  he  had  no  rcaibn, 
however,  to  be  afraid,  for  the  general  had 
onlTfut  him  in  mind  of  his  boyilh  tricks  \ 
had  ipoken  to  him  in  the  kindell  manner  \ 
and  had  given  him  fome  money  to  drink 
liis  health,  which  he  was  going  to  do  with 
all  expedition. 

Next  Sunday  (faid  Danaiel),  Cromwell 
went  to  the  inner  church  in  Glafgow,  St. 
Muneo*F»  and  placed  himieify  with  his 
ntteoaants,  in  tne4ting^f  (eat,  which  was 
always  unoccupied,  except  by  ftrangers. 
The  mmifterof  the  church  was  Mr.  Dur- 
ham, the  author  of  fqme  religious  books, 
whidi  are  ftUl  very  po^^ular.  He  was  a 
j;reat  Prelbyterian,  and  as  great  an  enemy 
to  CrbmwUl,  hecauie  he  thought,  and 
€ariv  faid,  that  CKihwell  and  his  friends 
would  be  foroed,  bv  the  coavulfion  of  par- 
ties!,' to 'ere£l  an  abiblute  government,  the 
mery  evil  they  meant  to  remedy.  The 
leact  was  taken  firom  Jeremiah,  and  'the 
cominhitary '  upon  it,  bv  allufion,  w4s 
lnvi^ivea|;ainft  Cromwell  and  hislriends, 
under  icripiura]  language  ansd  hiftory. 
During  thii  fiitii^  they  faw  a  young  man', 
exit  br  Crbipweirs  attendants,  flep  ro  die 
back  of  his  diair*  and  with  an  angry  facd, 
whifper  fomethtng  to  him«  which  after 
fone  words  waa  anTwered  by  a  irown$ 


and  the  young  man  retired  behind  die 
chair,  feemingiy  very  much  dtfconceited. 
The  caufe  of  this  was  mduuma  to  tut 
congregation,  it  was  4iippafed  to  he 
owing  to  fome  hKelligeneeof  impoitaDce, 
which  had  been  juft  then  received.  But 
it  was  afterwards  known,  and  generaily 
known,  t!hat  the  foHowhig  words  had 
palTed  between  them.  **  Shall  I  ihoot the 
fellow  >"  ^«  What  fellow  r  <«  Thepar- 
fon.'"  "  What  parfon  V*  «  That  par- 
fon.*^  '^  Bej^one,  fir,  he  is  one  fool  and 
you  are  another.'*  Danziel  added,  that 
Cromwell  fimt  fisr  Mr.  Dnrhain  the  veiy 
next  morning,  and  aflcAL  him,  why  he  wu 
fnch  an  enemy  to  htm  and  his  friends? 
declared  tbu  they  were  not  enemies  to 
Mr.  Duiham}  drank  his  healthinaglafs 
of  wine  {  and  afterwards,  it  was  faid, 
prayed  with  him  for  the  guidance  of  the 
Lord  in  all  their  doines. 

When  Charles  the  Firft  was  in  Scot- 
land,  in  1633,  a  fubfcription  was  fet  00 
foot,  forbuiidhig  anew  hall  and  Ubiary 
to  the  univerlity  of  Glafgow }  and  the 
king's  name  appears  at  the  head  of  the 
fubteribers  for  two  hundred  pounds  fier- 
ling.  The  king,  however^  i?as  not  abJf, 
I  fuppofe,  to  pay  that  fiun  \  and  he  con- 
tvz&tA  fbroe  debts  at  Perth>  which  tst 
unpaid  at  this  moment.  When  Cronrfttli 
arrived  at  the  fummit  of  his  power,  he 
icnt  two  hundfed  pounds  to  the  unlvcHitV) 
and  there  is  below  the  king*s  fubfcriptlon, 
'<  Solvit  Dominus  Proteaor/*  One  of  the 
magiftrates  of  Edinburgh  hearing  of  thif, 
thought  it  intitled  him  to  aik  payment  of 
the  mm  which  the  king  had  borrovred, 
when  in  town.  But  Cromwell  did  sot 
Itften  to  his  petition)  and  when  it  wai 
urged  again  and  again,  faid  with  vehe- 
mencef  *«  Have  done,  fir ;  I  am  not  the 
heir  t>f  (Varies  Stuart.**  To  which  the 
other  replied  with  eaual  warmth,  "  I  wot 
well  then  you  are  hts  bttrmmtiir ;  /hall  I 
fky^nnamumtrmmtterf"^  In  the  law  of 
Scotknd,  narmmtier  iignHiea  one  whs 
takes  upon  himialf  t<y  manaee  the  eibte 
^  adeceaiedjwvfoni  and  who,  bv  that 
m£^»  renders  hunftlf  liable  to  all  his  debts  ; 
and  ^Jtemu  is»  when  it  ts  done  witboot 
anj  right,  and,  theivibre«  is  a  vice,  or 
tmquity.  Cromwell,  though  ahfohitci 
did  not  even  chide  him  ibr  this  freedom  3 
hut  declared  that  he  would  never  pay  that 
money ;  «•  becaufe,*'  faSd  he,  «« I  will  do 
thiiigs  for  a  learned  focicty,  which  I  will 
not  do  for  other  foettties  |  and  I  would 
have  Vou  know  this." 

Suckles  mark  the  tenmer  and  genit« 
of  eele1)rated  men  more  diftinftiyi  pff- 
hapi,  than  the  laboured   charaacrs  of 

.  '*     '  •'  - mwjj 


Account  of  George  FerfteK 


%it 


waany  tleganthlftorlansv :  ao4  4e  »bove  I 
have  heard*  witK  ibme  wiatioQs^  from 
inaiiv  pcrioDs,  m  well  as  from  Mr,  James 
Awkripn,  of  Stockwell-ftreet  A}|{ar>lioul!e 
in  GiafgoWf  vtho  wai  not  in  tiM;.iea|t  de- 
gree coaneftcdwlthany  Qf  jay  lcjn4A'ed« 

ProfeiTor  of  Natural  PliUo(b|pby. 
CL^/gow  CMgf,  li^  I  s>  XT^S* 

S^me  Account  qf  the  late  Gso&os 

F0I15T£R. 
it^  Ch  A1I.XS  PeV  6XN9  ^* 

THIS  celebrated  wiler  wa$  hvnk  tt 
Dantzick.  Hit  £iclitr, «  pnniAvK 
miBidbery  when  he  wae  Mly  twelve  y^zn 
of  age»  fent  him  to  £Bglan49  ani  he  ws^ 
fcircely  19  when  he  emlNurkedy  i«  %r<JUr 
to  accompaay  Cook  ia  hit  iecond  Tiijy^^ 
round  the  world.  The  etqiedition  e^at^ 
Bued  during  the  /pace  of  three  yeara*  ajad 
yoimg  Forte,  on  hit  mttni»  puhlMled 
mn  excelknt  account  of  it*  In  English  and 
Gcnnmn.-  This  workt  howeTer^  expe- 
rienced but  litde  fttceefty  because  it  was 
the  pradu£iion  of  a  IbfeignerR  ai4  gave 
itmbrage  \m  the  cabnet  of  St.  Jaines^; 
and  becanic  the  a«thor»  with  the  tfaakiMpfr 
of  a  nhiloibpher,  developed  certain  truths, 
which  the  covemnKOt  wlihed  to  have  con- 
cealed.  . 

Beides  this,  the  £ngl\ti  ariftocracy 
was  rather  diflatisfied  wtth'«j  fonner  pabi- 
lication»  in  which. he  examined,  witn  all 
the  fevcrityof  a  five-thinker,  feme  of  the 
mmMRNit  abuies  of  the  Britiih^conftitu- 
tion.  This  injurious  partiality  made 
him  dctcnmne  to  leave  Loudon :  he  ac- 
eordiogly  reoaired  to  Parity  where  Bof- 
foa  aM  d^Aubenton  received  him  with 
that  attention  which  philolophers  always 
evince  towards  oofmopolitee. 

The  learned  Forfter  was  defirous  to 
iettle  IB  France.  Avaricious  of  glory, 
and  an  idolator  of  liberty,  Paris  was  the 
city  moft  fuitable  to  his  tafte  and  cha- 
ncer of  any  in  Europe.  Notwithftand- 
ing  this,  he  was  iboibcoBftrained  to  leave* 
it;  the  interelb  of  h^  family  demanded 
this  facrificei  for  a  learned  man»  who 
faih  round  the  wmrldy  may  enrich  hit 
memory,  but  he  will  not  better  his  for- 
tune. He  was  accordinely  obliged  to 
accept  the  place  of  profeflbr  of  natural 
hiftory  in  the  univerfity  of  Caflel.  But 
could  any  perfon  endned  with  fuch  a 
mind,  give  fatisfaflion,    in   a  country 

*  Ckaklki  Povgkns,  the  tranflatorof 
Totftcfi  works  out  of  Germao  'mio  French, 
liu  been  hliad  ever  fincc  he  was  ai  yean  uf 


whoft  jprhices  are  unceafogly  occupied  hi 
rendermg  the  traffic  in  their  own  ftibjc^ 
more  profitablief  Irritated  at  the  Ibiipor 
into  which  they  hs^d  found  means  to 
blunge  the  Rtflians,  this  man,  frhoh 
heart  was  alone  replete  vrJth  energy  and 
fcnfibility,  did  ^^n^  tWng'ln  his  power 
to  withdraw  hfmfelf  from  a  fituatton  ib 
unfuitable  to  a  thhiking  bein|r. 

The  fenate  of  iPohmd  hariiq^  ofimd 
him  a  chaJr  hi  the  univerfity  ot  Wiliv^ 
Forfter  accepted  of  the  mvitatbn.  How^ 
ever,  although  this  office  was  very  luj;ra* 
tffs,  and  the  eniighttni^. patriots  of  th^t 
country  did  not  negki  to  procure  him 
all  the  Htefftry  fbccours  of  which  he  ftood 
In  need,  he  ^ould  not  ^  be  k>n?  h^pr  in  a 
femi-barbarous  natloo,  in  vmich  iibertr 
was  fuffered  to  expire  under  the  iiitriguea 
of  Ruffia  and  Pru«a. 
^  On  this,  he  accepted  of  thf '  propofi« 
ttoiis  of  Catharine,  who,  jealous  of  every 
li^cies  ef  glory,  wiflied  to*  ibnalise  her 
reign,  by  procuring  to  the  Huffi:^  nation, 
the  honour  of  undcitaking,  after  the  ey- 
ample  of  France  txA  Engh^,  a  new 
voyage  of  difco^fwy  round  the  world. 
Unfortunately  for  the  pmgrefs  of  know- 
ledge, the  war  with  the  Ottoman  Porte 
occaiioned  the  mifcsrriage  of  this  uftful. 
projefb. 

But  Forfter  coiitd  not  long  remain  in 
obfcurit]f.  The  different  publications 
with  which  he  occafionally  enriched  na- 
tural hiftorjF,  and  literature,  cncreafed 
his  reputation.  The  elector  of  Mentt 
accordmgly  appointed  him  prefident  of 
the  Univenitjr  of  the  fame  name,  and  he 
was  difcharging  thefunftions  of  his  new 
office,  when  the  French  troops  took  pof- 
feffion  of  the  capital.  This  philofophi- 
cal  traveller,  who  had  ftudied  fbciety 
tinder  all  the  various  afpefb  ariling  from 
different  degrees,  of  civilization;  who 
hid  viewed  man  iimple  and  happy  at 
Otaheite — an  eatef  of  human  Aefh  m  New 
Zealand— corru[^Ai  with  advance  in  Eng- 
land, where  the  word  rcfpe^abU  f  is  fyno- 
nimouf  with  rich — depraved  in  France  by 
luxury — in  Poland  by  anarchy — and  in 
Brabant  by  fliperftition  j  muft,  undoubt- 
edly, have  betield,  with  cnthufiafm,  the 
dawnings  of  a  revolution  that  cnfui-ed  to 
mankind,  at  one  and  the  fame  time,  their 
rights  and  their  happinels.  Accordingly, 
he  was  the  firft  to  promulge  r^publicah 
principles  in  Ocrmany. 

The  Mcyem:ffu,  who  had  formed  them- 
felves  into  a  national   convention^   fent 

*)  *<  A  rich,  in  London,  is  called  a  nfpcil* 
Hit  banker." 

3  A  a  him 


%b% 


Account  of  George  FwJler,.<»^OrtginalLiHef. 


faim  to  Parity  bi  order  to  iblicit  thnr  nr- 
wnon  with  the  French  republic.  But»  in 
the  courCe  of  hit  iniiuon»  the  city  of 
Mentz  was  beficged  and  re- taken  bv  the 
PniiHan  troops.  Thit  event  occauoned 
the  loft  of  all  his  property  |  and  what 
was  ftiii  more  difaftrous,  that  of  his  nu- 
merous manufcripts,  which  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  prince  of  Pruflia. 

Xrct  us  now  take  a  rapid  examination 
of  the  private  life  of  this  remarkable  man* 
^e  had  conceived  a  very  lively  affe&io^ 
for  a  young  woinan^  who  DofldTod  extra* 
ordinary  talents.  Thcrefa  Heync,  |i»f> 
Honately  attached  to  celebrated  names, 
coniented  to  unite  her  fate  with  his.  But, 
iioifdling  one  of  thofe  ingenuous  charac- 
ters which  are  indignant  at  the  very  name 
•f  Juty*  and  according  to  whom*  the 
iecilre  laws  of  conjugal  union  conftitute 
rather  the  mythology  than  the  virtue  of 
womAi,  (he  herielf  was  frank  enough  tm 
acknowledge  the  errors  of  her  imagina- 
tion. A  man  is  only  celebrated  in  the 
•ves  of  hit  miib^fs;  he  is  not  long  (b  in 
tnoTe  of  a  wife»  to  whom  vanity  alone 
has  di^lated  the  nuptial  oath. 

The  iiluftrious  rival  ofCook»  to  the 
gift  of  lovingf  did  not  add  that  of  plcaf. 
sng:  if  the  one  mffords  -the  promife   of 
happinefs,  the  other  bcftcws  and  prolongs 
the  ifality.    Their  union  was  not  un- 
clouded.   Love»   like  the  piety   of  the 
faithfuly  increafes  in  confequence  of  per- 
fccution  and  fufferings  alone.     Forfter, 
although  ftiil  attached  to  his  wife,  endca- 
\'oured  to  coniblr  himielf  by  means  of  oc- 
caiional  amufemepts  elfewhere ;  but  the 
lenfes  conftitute  but  the  delirium,  and  not 
the  reai'on  of  the  heart.     Accordingly, 
the  fole  iatisfa£lion  worthy  of  him,  was 
to  rcfign  himielf  to  the  natural  noblenefs 
of  bis  charadier:  another  was  belovedt 
and  io  far  from   being  ignorant  of  it, 
Forftcr   defended   the  chara6ter   of   his 
Therefa  againft  a  ci'owdtwhoie  heads  were 
empty  enough  to  believe,  that  it  is  poflj. 
ble  to  confoTe  a  pafltonate  man,  by  (peak- 
'^ng  ill  ^f  the  objea  of  his  affeaions. 
GencTQus  and  juft  from  love^  ftill  more 
tlian  iinsR  philofophy,  the  huiband  who 
ccai'cs  lo  pleafe,  is  no  longer  any  thing 
cilc,  according  to  him,  than  the  aJultcrer^ 
oftuiiui-e^    In  fliort,  that  fame  fcnfibility 
which  had  influenced  his  conduft  during 
the  whole  count  of  his  lift,  infpired  him 
with  one  of  thofe  fiiblime  efforts,  which 
cold  minds  can  neither  approve  nor  even 
conceive.     Forftcr,  accordingly,  fet  him- 
fclf  ieiiouily  about  obtaining  a  divorce, 
in    Older  to  enable  Therefa  Hcyne    to 
clpouie  t]ie  man  whom  ftie  preferred  to 


him.  He  made  nreparationt,  at  the 
fame  time,  by  the  thidy  of  the  Onratal 
lan^ages,  'to  undertake  a  journey  to 
Thibet  and  Indoftan,  in  order  to  remon 
from  thtt  part  of  the  world,  in  which 
both  hit  heart  and  his  perfon  had  npe. 
Henced  fo  fevere  a  (hock.  But  the  cha. 
grin  occaiioned  by  his  misfortunes,  joined 
to  a  fcorbutic  tfeftion,  to  which  he  hid 
been  long  fub]e6l,  and  which  he  had  con- 
tracted at  fea,  during  the  voyase  of  cir- 
cumnavintioD,  abridged  his  life,  and 
pi*evented  him  from  realifmg  this  double 
projea.  *  He  died  at  Parts,  at  the  age  of 
'39,  on  the  23d  'otntoft*^  in  the  fecood 
year  of  the  republic. 

No' one  ever  profeflled  monrevobttmiVj 
prhicipLes.  Throughout  all  his  writings, 
we  can  every  where  perccire  that  love  W 
humanityi  without  which,  neither  patri- 
ot ifin  nor  virtue  can  exift.  But  this  love 
fiif  his  equals  was  that  of  a  great  mm, 
whofe  genius  embraces  the  entire  mafs  of 
individual  interefts,  and  whofe  ibul  i«  too 
elevated  to  fall  into  that  feliifti  pbilan- 
thropv,  which,  by  meant  of  a  reaftioo, 
bounded  by  perfonal  intereft,  would  imr 
prifon  the  genius  of  publle  happinefs  in 
the  narrow  circle  of  a  fiew  individuals. 
•  His  journey,  undertaken  fmce  the  re- 
▼t>liition,  into  Br»bant,  Holland,  alon^ 
the  borders  of  the  Rliinc,  and  through 
•feveral  oouj^vi:*  lately  conquered  by  tfcf 
troopa  of  tS-  ropubiic,  having  apptarrd 
to  me,  of  all  the  writings  of  FoHber,  to 
be  that  In  which  this  c&brated  man  ha* 
the  noft  difplaycd  the  riches  of  his  inu- 
gination,  and  his  profound  knowledge  cf 
politics ;  I  thought  it  would  be  an  acqui- 
ucion  to  our  iiteratorel — The  naturalit^, 
the  artift,  and  the  legitlator,  will  there 
difc^ver  uiefiil  principles ;  and  thephilo* 
fophtr,  who  pol&neslenftbility,  will  with 
plea  lure  Ice  how  his  cxpanfive  mind  knew 
to  embeliifh  even  the  moft  trifling  occur- 
rences. ^ 

ORIGINAL  LETTERS. 
Letter  King  James  VT.  of  Scotland,  ft 
^een  Elizabeth,   on  a  fcanit)  tf 
fcafi  nrti(  becns. 

RICHT  excellent,  rlcht  hcicli  3r.J 
michtic  princciTe,  our  dcircft  Turner 
and  coufuig,  in  our  hartirft  manner  we 
commend  us  unto  you.  The  great,  and 
almaift  univerfal,  faihie  of  the  peis  and 
beam's  within  our  realme,  ihir  tua  yciris 
higane,  occafioned  by  the  continuance  of 
maift  tempeftous  and  unfcafonable  wetlier, 

•  This  anfwcTS  to  the  13th  of  Febnian, 
279a,  ttf  ourikjrle. 


Vrlglnal  Letters.  Ktng  JaptiS Letter  of  Brothers Dr.  Fleming.  363 


fawln  out  with  us  baith  in  the  fawkig 
mnd  mpin^  tyin«Sy  g^eatUc  to  the  intercS 
[^y  read  uijurie]  oiii  the  haile  puire  ones 
of  our  land,  comfortit'  cheefiie  be  that 
fort  of  graine,  hes  moved  us  to  re<jiieift 
your  favour,  to  the  relief  and  help  ot  this 
necdfiteey  be  fpairine  fum  pairt  of  the 
great  ftoir  of  the  faidgraine  within  your 
reahne;  and  gi-anting  your'frie  licence 
to  fum  truftie  fervanJ,  as  we  are  to  en^ 
ploy  that  errand,  to  buy,  carie,  and  tranf- 
port,  fjvt  thoufand  quarters  thereof, 
quhair  maift  commodiouflic  they  may  be 
haJ,  to  the  faid  ufe.  Quhairln  ye  fall 
baith  greetlie  bencfite  the  puir  anis  of 
our  realme;  and  fall  alwyfe  find  us  lyke 
aSe6led  to  help  your  fubje^liv  diilretfed 
w^ith  ooy  iic  neceilitie,  and  carrying  the 
lyke  requeift  fia  you.  And  thus,  ex- 
cellent, ricfat heichand  meichtie princefs, 
our  deareft  fuiter,  &c.  From  Halyrud 
Hous,  the  zx  day  of  December  1 595.' 

Your  maift  loving  and  affe^lioned  bro- 
ther and  coufing,  James  R.  ' 

Passport* ^d«' James  Vf,  ofScoflamtf 
to  ow  MOftTbN  a  fifiokftHerf  trmt/Uued 
from  tbi  French. 

JA^ES  far  la  grace  de  Dku  &c. 
James  by  the  gi-acc  of  God  kine  of 
Scotiand  to  all  princes,  potentates,  duke»i 
marquUes,  earl^,baibns,  govci7iors,chiefs, 
colonels,  captains,  ^ad  their  jieuCciiants  ^ 
and  others  exerciiing  jurifdidion  -over 
havens,  bridge^:,  palfages,  and  rivers; 
and  generally  to- ail  thole  v«ho  may  ie^ 
thele  preients,  laf«»ty.  This  beare-,  our 
wtfli-beloved  John  Morton,  mcrchant- 
b«okleller,  inhabiting  and  iiving  rn  our 
town  of  Edinburgh  [Liflebufg^J  having 
•btained  leave  and,  permiflion  to  go  tq 
France,  the  Low  Countries,  Germany, 
and  other  places  a»ljacent,  on  his  own 
particular  bullneis,  we  have  grartted  hi  in 
thefe  prefcnts,  to  requeii:  and  iuppiicate 
you  all,  and  every  pfrlon  of  the  above-* 
named  deicriptions,  to  pcinnit  the  liaid 
Alorton  freely  to  pafs  ^id  repais  throug^h 
your  diftn6^s,  junldicUons,  and  govern- 
ments, without  offen ng  or  cauiing  to  be 
ottered  to  him  any  difturbance,  icarch,  or 
hinderance :  Init  rather,  if  he  have  ntCii  of 
it,  to  Acw  hini  all  favour  aftd  alliilanco 
in  furniflilng' hlin' wi til"  boats,  lioaca, 
ovilions,  and  otha*  think;s  iivfC;:iDry,  at 
5  cxpence;  as  wc  fliail  nut  tail  recipro- 
cally to  do  the  fame,  witli  rci^.*rd  to  jull 
thoie  whom  you,  may  rccomn.cjid  to  us 
t;orn  abroad.  Given  under  our  privy 
frul,  at  our  palace  of  Holyroodhoufev  this 
xxth  day  of  January  15^6,  ■   • 


I 


Letter  of  Brothers  the  Prophet 
to  the  Chakczllok,  From  the  original. 

Produced ^t.tbf  Council  Board  iy  tbt  Lord  Cbam* 
ctUori  sfh  Mar/hf.  1795- 

IN  obedience  to  the  fatred  command  of 
the  Lord '  God,  whofe  fervant  and 
prophet  I  am,  I  frnd  to  the  chancellor-* 
as  fpeaker  of  tliefioureof  peers — a  book 
contaiiung.the  judgments  of  God,  that» 
by  him  it  may  be  coinmunicated.to  all  the 
peers ;  that  all  may  candidly  examine  the 
book  and  judge  for  themfeives :  that  all 
TMtf  fee  that  the  things  which  are  an- 
nounced to  the  world  Ml  this  book,  are 
recorded  in  the  fcripture  of  truth  to  be 
f^ilfilled:  jthat  all  may  know  that  the 
kingdom  which  i<4b  often  prayed  (or,  wr 
fhe  for/If  called  the  Lord's  Prayer,  faying, 
'*  Thy  kingdom  cotne,*  will  commence 
With  my  revelation  between  this  and  the 
htjginnhig  of  June  next :  that  all  may  be 
warn^,  and  that  all  may  endeavour  to 
avert  the  j\idgn^nts,  by  an  obedience'  tm 
the  cvcriaftihg  gofpel  of  peace  and  falra- 
tion.  KicHARD  Brothers,    * 

The  msn  that  will  be  rerealed  to  th6 
Hebrews  ss  their  prince  t  to  all  the 
'     nations  as  their  governor,  according 
to  tite  coveosnt  to  king  David,  im- 
mediately after  God.    • 
No.  57,  Potidiffgtofi-Jl  recti  ^Sfl  of  tit 

month  called  February ,  1795. 
To  the  Chancellor  of  Great  Britaivm 


•Letter  fi-om  Dr.  Fleming  to  Dr. 
furnbaux. 

rev.  sir, 

IT  is  time  I  flioulJ  acknowledge  the 
receipt  of  your  kind  prelcnt.  Your 
letters  to  Blackllone  arc  verymaftcrlyj 
they  aie  good  evidence  of  a  well. informed 
mind,  and  breathe  the  ipirit  of  liberty  ; 
Ibi  which  you  havpany  thanks. 
.  If  I  have  any  j^ft  notion  of  you,  it 
will  not  offend  when  I  tell  you,  that  what 
yju  have  to  do  with  Lord  Mai^field  ha% 
not  my  approbation.  It  cannot,  iii  loo^ 
a&  I  mult  contidcr  him  the  molt  formkii- 
blc  enemy  to  our  legal  conllitution ;  the 
gjvat.  patron  of  defi.)otiJin. 

Lvt  me  add,  you  have  dliplealed  ray 
eye  by  an  unguarded  cxpiejhon  in  your 
iioily  excellent  letters  (fee  p.  189,  190), 
where,  fpeaking  of  the  proteftant  dificnt- 
tr»,  you  thus  exprel's  youdl-h  :  "  Lilicrty, 
religious  liberty  efpecialiy,  is  their  idol^^' 

•  So  rtylfid  by  the  French,  -beciufc  there 
was  then  water  on  both  lidcs. 

had 


366  Pert  FoUo....Grafs  Imtaihns Account  of  Sir  Edmund  Saunderf* 


wiinutcft  of  critics,  the  following  paffagc 
in  Milton : 

— — "  When  the  ICO  OK  CB 
inexorably,  and  the  tokt^kino  rovk 
Call  lu  to  peoaoce.**     Par,  Lifi,  B.  ii.  ▼.  90. 

Gray,  in  hit  «*  Odi  to  Adverfy;^ 
i»»ritc«, 

<'  Light  THKT  DJIPXRSK,  and  with  them |o 
TbetvMMxa  fkizicd**-^ 

fond  of  the   image,  he  has  at  in    his 
«  Bardr 

**  The  ivAKM,   that  in  thy  noom-tidb 

BEAM  arc  born. 
Gone! — ^" 

Perhaps  the  germ  of  this  beautiful 
image  may  be  found  in  Shakcfjiearc : 

"  for  MiN,  like  auTTERrLicsy 

Shew  not  their  mealy  wings  but  to  the  svm- 
M  r  t . "    Troilui  and  Ciejjida^  A.  ii i .  1 . 7. 

Gray,  in  his  progrefs  of  poetry,  has, 
**  Inclimei  beyond  tmb  solar  rqad'*— 

Mr.  Wakefield  has  traced  the  imi- 
tation to  Drydcn,  without  referring  to 
the  poem  itfelf ;  he  has  it  thus : 
'  «*  Beyond  the    year,    and  out  of   hcav'n's 
highway.**  Drsdcn. 

I  cannot  now  recur  to  the  pafla^e/  but 
have  marked  it  in  my  copy  diftcrcntly, 
and  which  makes  the  imitation  tliil  more 
clofe,  although  leis  hai  monious : 
«  Beyond   the     year,    out    of    the   solar 

WALKJ" 

However,  Pope  has  it  in  a  well-known 
▼erfc,  and  probably  borrowed  from  Dry- 
den  ; 

*«  Far  as  the  solar  Walt,  or  milky  way ." 

^Jfaj  on  Man,  C.  i. 

Gray  has,  in  his"  Bard^'* 

«*  Dear  as  the  light  that  vifits  thcfe  fad  eyes  j 

Dear  as  the  ruddy  drops  that  warm  my  heart," 

Gray  points  out  the  imiution,  himiclf, 
in  Shakfpcare,  df  the  latter  thought — and 
it  is  curious  to  obferve,  that  Otway,  in 
his  "  yeuice  Pre/er*vfd^''  makes  Priuli 
exclaim  to  his  daughter,  that  (he  is 

f  ^  Dear  as  the  tital  warmth  that  feeds  my 

life, 
Dear  as  thefe  eyes,  that  weep  in  ibndnefso'cr 

thee." 

Gray  tells  us,  that  the  iipage  of  his 

*•  Loofe  his  beard  and  hoary  hair, 
StrcamM  like  a  MxTip?t  to  the  troubled  air,** 
was  taken  from  a  pifture  of  the  Supreme 
Being,  by  Raphael.  It  is,  however,  re- 
markable, and  fomewhat  ludicrous,  that 
««  rbe  Beard''  k^  Hudibras  fs  alfo  com- 
uarcd  to  a  mcU§r  5  and  the  accompanying 


obfervation  almoft  induces  ooe  to  think 
Gray  derived  from  it  the  whole  plan  of 
that  fublimc  ode — ^fincc  his  «  Bard''  prc- 
cifely  performs  what  the  "  Beard''  of 
HucUbras  daiamced,  Theie  are  the 
verfcs, 

««  This  hairt  weteor  did  denounce 
The  fall  of  fceptres  and  of  crowns." 

^_^^^^^  HuAbrasy  CI 

5fr  Edmund  Saunders. 
(CowtnaofUiiiedm) 

THIS  judgo^  who  made  a  confiderable 
figure  in  his  ^wn  time,  arofefrora 
the  loweft  origin.  He  was  chief  juillce 
ot  the  court  ot  King's  Bench  in  the  rtiga 
of  Charles  II.  Roger  North,  fon  of  rlie 
Lord-keeper  North,  who  per^nalky  Itnew 
him,  fays,  «  His  charaaer,  and  hn  be- 
ginning,  were  equally  ftrange,  |1«  waj 
at  firft  no  better  than  a  b^gar  bay,  If 
not  a  parifti  foundling,  without  known 
parents  or  rtlations.  He  had  found  t 
way  to  live  by  obfequioufnefs  (in  Cle- 
ment's  Inn,  as  I  remember)  and  courting 
the  attomies  clerks  for  fci-aps.  The  ex- 
traordinary obfervance  and  diligence  of 
the  boy  made  the  fociety  willing  to  do 
him  good.  He  appeared  very  ambitic'ti 
to  learn  to  write ;  and  one  of  the  at  tor- 
nics  got  a  boaid  knocked  up  at  the  win- 
dow, on  the  top  of  a  Hair-cafe  j  and  that 
wai  his  dtflc,  where  he  fat  and  wrote 
after  copies  of  court  and  other  hands  iht 
clerks  gave  him.  He  made  himfelt  fo 
expert  a  writer,  tliat  he  took  in  buiiners, 
and  earned  foine  pence  by  hackney  writ- 
ing.  And  thus,  by  degrees,  he  puihtd 
his  faculties,  and  fell  to  forms,  and,  by 


books  that  were  lent  him,  became  an  ex- 
quiUte  entering  clerk ;  and,  by  the  fame 
courfe  of  improvement  of  himfelf,  aa 
able  counfel,  hrfl  in  fpecial  pleading,  then 
at  large.  And,  after  he  was  called  to 
the  bar,  had  practice  in  the  King'sBench 
court,  equal  to  any  there."  He  was  cor- 
pu  lent  in  his  perfon,  and  fomewhat  licen- 
tious in  his  manners;  but  North  fays, 
"as  to  his  oixlinaiy  dealing,  he  w.is 
honeft  as  the  driven  fnow  was  whiter  and 
why  not,  having  no  regard  for  money,  or 
defire  to  be  rich  ?  And,  for  good  natiue 
and  condefcenfion,  there  was  not  his  fel- 
low."-— «  As  for  his  parts,  none  had 
them  more  lively  than  he.  Wit  and  re- 
partee, in  an  affefied  rufticity,  were 
natui-al  to  him.  He  was  ever  ready,  and 
never  at  a  loi's  j  and  none  came  fo  near  as 
he  to  be  a  match  for  Serjeant  Maynard." 
— "  While  he  fat  in  the  court  of  King's 
Bench,  he  gave  the  rule  ti^  the  general 
fatisfaclion  of  the  lawyers/* 


(    3^7    ) 
ORIGINAL    POETRY. 


TlrAiOLiTioK  ^f  Catholicism. 

Written  oti  learning  the  Animal  of  the  French  at 
Rome  in  179S. 

QN  confccrattd  ground 

Their  trampled  graves  arouod, 
Ghufts  of  the  good,  their  midnight  moamings 
Tcnt  j 
Yon  vacant  ailes  atnong,^ 
Where  kneelM  the  chrifttan  throng. 
Voices  of  weeping  ftray  with  ftrange  lament^ 

A  dew  fiona  the  chill  marble  breaks, 
While  each  peculijir  pow*r  its  long-wont  feat 
forfakei. 

The  quaking  altars  round| 

A  drear  and  dying  found 
Difraays  the  pricft  amid  his  mutterM  toil ; 

Be  fide  the  golden  fhrine 

Expires  the  tapef*s  ihine. 
The  guardian  faints  with  waitings  thenct  re- 
coil i 

As  were  it  their  unwilling  doom 
Thro*  the  aerial  wafte  to  rove  in  lonely  gloom. 

Celflilial  groves  of  palm. 

Ye  are  not  ever  calm ; 
Laden  with  (ighs,  the  gales  of  Eden  flow ; 

Tears  fuch  as  angels  weep  »^' 

The  unfading  amaranth  ftcep } 
The  living  waters  Aide  more  fad  and  flow ; 

The  golden  harpy  are  all  unftrung, 
Mute  to  the  fweeping  hand,  and  on  the  wil- 
lows hung. 

In.coarfer  fackcloth  fold 

Thy  limbs  of  dainty  mold ; 
Fling  further  off    thlue    eflcnc*d  kerchiefs 
fweet ; 

With  brinier  tears  embathe. 

With  loofcr  trcflcs  fwathe. 
Fair  Magdalena,  thy  lov*d  prophet^s  feet : 

Forgot  is  now,  by  man  below. 
The  life  of  matchleft  love,    the  death  of 
matchlefs  woe. 

Kor  James,  nor  fworded  Paul, 

Watch  in  the  crofs-ffiapM  hall  t 
Nor  the  firft  nurtyr  of  a  ma4dlng  crowd. 

Back  to  the  defert-air 

Unmet  Ihall  he  repair. 
Who  guided  throngs  to  Jordan's  cleaning 
flood. 

E'en  the  much-lov*d  difciple  muft  not  ftay, 
His  crown  of  glory  iheds  a  palpr,  bluer  ray. 

Cecilia*s  bright-hair*d  b^nd 

Of  pupil  cherubs  fiand, 
With  veiling   wing«   their  drooping   hetds 
concealing  : 

To  hymns  of  praife  and  joy 

Their  dofed  lips  are  coy  j 
To  anthems  high  in  echoing  air  far  pealing. 

Hu(h*d  ii(  Her  roul-diffolving  tongue, 
Kor  floats  W'loyicr  proud-voicM  orgac'i  joll- 
ing  fong. 

MoNTMLY  A^i^«f  No.  XX](lf 


Forego  thy  keys  of  gold. 

The  pearly  gates  unfold, 
Cephas,  thy  manfionen  muft  now  b€  free. 

Not  all  on  high  who  bide 

Shall  grace  the  judge*s  fide; 
When,  the  new  earth  reclad  in  bridal  glee, 

On  clouds  of  heaven  majeiticridihg. 
He  comes  to  woke  the  dead,  the  dooms  gf 
men  deciding. 

Whether  for  Conftatinc, 

Or  that  myfteriottS  Trine, 
Which  rank'»  the  prophet  with  the  Only  Lprd  } 

Or  for  that  Dominique, 

Whofe  cruel  heat  dblique  • 
Steep*d  writhing  infidels  in  flames  abhorred  % 

Or  for  thofc  priefts  the  wcd-bed  who  re-. 
nounce. 
Flows  the  wrath- vial  now— what  mortal  may 
pronounce. 

The  ftar  that  told  his  birth, 

Who  taught  a  hcedlefs  earth 
How  might  be  won  the  beamy  home  of  blifi^ 

The  queen  of  heaven  forlorn 

From  her  high  front  hath  torn ; 
Hurling  its  glories  to  the  foul  abyfs, 

In  meet  cciipfeywhile  the  arch-fiend  of  God, 
I^oosM  from  his  fearing  chains,  fl&ail  wield  the 
fov'reijjn  roJ. 

The  thoufand  years  are  paft 
For  which  his  bonds  fliould  laft. 
Again  he  ftroUs  abroad  and  roars  amain ; 
"  There  is  no  God,"  hr  cries. 
While  impious  (bouts  artfe, 
And  laughing  crouds  applaud  the  h*ll-ttught 
flrain. 
<<  No  God,'*  with  lips  unpalfied  they  de- 
clare, 
ToHlng  their  brands  againft  the  Ccorned  4omci 
of  prayer. 

Torn  from  iti  altar-ftand 

With  facrilcgious  hand. 
The  chalice  fcattert  its  forbidden  wint  1 

On  myflic  wafers,  flung 

|n  fcorn  by  heaps  of  dung. 
And  human  flefli,  dogi  of  the  mifcreantfl  tline  t 

And  him  who  on  the  crucifix  oxpir'd 
They  hoot  a  felon  fool  by  fellow  fools  «d« 
mirM. 

Was  it  for  thefe  accurft, 

Great  Angclo,  that  erft  » 

Thy  chifel  bad  the  moving  marble  preach  ? 

That  Raphael  was  not  loth 

The  ftoried  wall  to  cloathe 
With  thofe   pure    charities,   which  vainly 
teach  ? 

That  FergQlefi  told  the  ipother's  woe 
In  wringing    tones    fu  footh  that    fexaphf 
leanM  to  know  f 


Aij  when  o'er  guilty  towns 
J<iivvah*9  anger  frowns, 

38 


Dec, 


368 


Original  Bcttry^  hy  Mr.  lyjJraeS. 


pMp  bellowinp  thro*    the    aigh    ^caao 
writhe ; 
While  pricils  with  f^uhVlng  tread 
Their  paic  procelBons  lead. 
And  ihudaer  2t  their  proper  templets  highth  : 

So  w-us  rhc  holy  city  all  «ghift. 
When  through  its  n^ed  wills  the  ftruger- 
rui7u..s  pili. 

The  f.iint!y  father  flics 

To  ciolc  his  faJing  eyes. 
Where  yet  the  lonely  olive  ftrWes  t(>  grow  ;   w 

Not  the  tiaraS  band. 

Or  h«rr»;itf^  crofKrr'd  hand, 
Would  now  foaend  him  from  th*  aiTaiEA^s 
blow. 

Hifte  to  the  tomb  !  tt  waits  thee  long  \ 
Thou  art  of  purer  eyes  than  to  bchold^hls 
v#Tong. 

Avenging  plagues  of  war 

Alright  the  world  jSax  ; 
The  rang^  ranks  to  load-blowq    Crumpetl 
wheel : 

The  ftccdi  fo  prou«^ly  dight 

Are  pawing  for  the  fight; 
The  fpear  i<  f.tften*d  to  the -tube  of  fteel : 

The  widow's  ihriek,  the  orphan's  tear, 
For  the  town-fhatt'ring  cannon*!  roar^     it 
hard  to  hear. 

Lo!  the  fell  devil-forms 

That  piay  amid  the  Itormi— 
Plunder,  who  tears  from  induftry  hit  all ; 

JR.jpc,  who  deli;>hts  to  rufli 

X^  j.eic*  bcu.m$  t'.ic  virgin^s  blufii; 
lilardcr  ica.:cc  wailing  tor  SufpiciorQ^tcally 

iiie  in  tiie  I  ilooj^'a  ftoary  liair 
His  grapi;ltiig  nit  is  tixc,  hit  Ufud  poignard 
hare. 

But  not  (^r  aye  fliall  reign 

The  hcll-dilgorged  train  : 
Yc  vtll  return  lo  liu  the  Lruifed  reed, 

Who  Icam'i  of  Jcius*  tongue 

To  pjidon  human  wrong, 
Cheer  the  ihorn  lamb,  and  bind  the  woundt 
that  bleed. 

Immortal  mcrty  dwells  in  fafe  retreat, 
And  back  to  the  lad  toil  ihall  wend  tier  pil- 
grim icet. 

Then  all  the  anc*?!  train 

Shall  vifit  earth  a.^iin  *,  • 
And  Michael  bind  the  ilragon's  ftrengthanew ; 

While  the  taught  nations  bend^ 

In  holier  pr.iy'r  feo  bier.d, 
And  purer,  heav'n-atoning  rites  renew. 

Force-ihunning  FrcLdom  Jhall  appear 
To  guard  the  teacher's  hall,  the  ruin*d  ptie 
to  rear. 

Long  nbfent  Juftice  then 

ShaU  back  return  to  men, 
With  meas'iing  look  her  fcales  and  compafs 
minding  ; 

And  Peace,  with  myrtle  wand. 

Shall -take  no  fleeting  (land, 
From  either  foot  her  turtlc-\\ings  unbinding; 

And  orb  a  rainbow  through  the  azure  iky,  . 
In  token  that  the  tempe&  doudt  are  now 
|on«  by,      • 


So  when  the  feren-BioiithM  tid« 

Withdraw*  his  wateit  wide. 
And  feeds  his  fcaly  flockt  in  oaxTower  ytk; 

Emerging  groves  are  fecn, 

Enrob'd  in  fpringtng  green. 
To  branch  befide  the  dike-bound  city^  palei 

And  as  the  octy  billows  fink. 
Young  flow*ri   and  wayixig  bladet  itacc  o^ 
the  fragrant  brink. 

Far  from  their  Impious  dent. 

Within  the  Memphian  fanes. 
The  greedy  crocodiles  in  fear  vat  fwoas 

To  rinfe  the  marble  floor. 

From  lingVlng  flime  impart. 
With  pearled  wrift  the  bathing  maidens  coese 

And  joyous  crouds  with  fport  and  fong. 
Stroll  where  the  levelling  ftreaim  trailed  ifs 
flow  width  along. 


Tke  fsVowing  Fa  agmknt  £ai  heem  amf^ki  h 
Ml.  D*ItKAXLl,  at  fart  of  a  vfark^tau^^ 
ftatien,  w  luhicb  be  is  tmo  t^^gtd  ;  iih^of^ 

•  the  maimers  of  varwm  Hations^  anj  Jreerfi/te 
hy  local Jcenery  and  natisnal  feetjy  %  the  frtji^ 
fiice  is  charaSferituJ  'by  tag  mveiry  ^  ttc 
ifohgery  andjcenery. 

Scene,  Ruins  in  the  Defertof  Arahuu 

tht  Poet,  in  deJfMr^  exilabtrnftlffiym  TKaiX!r, 
9r  ^abia  the  baffy. 

XirtKE,   DitoLATioN    fitsi — ^Her    Ihir; 
"  hand 

Is  heard,  at  times,   fome  mould^'ricg  szfs 
to  throw. 
Startling  the  echoes. — O'er  the  {lecplrg  Ja-d 

A  hundred  giant  voices  fecni  to  grow ! 

Here    GaANOKua    once,     his    laiixm^xiz^s 
Crou  D  would  trail ; 
In  C;ksab*s  dome,    the  ftalking  Ljojis 
yell  5 
O'er  fculptur'd  piles,  the  Srxpxft  weaves  kjs 
veil  J 
On  yon  watch-tow*r,  the  Owi.  ftaods  iea- 
tinel  r» 
Blow,  thou  aiD  Samicl!  thy  fulphTjJtcrj 
breath,  ' 
My  ^be  uprait'd  (hzW  klfs  tl^y  pois"  nii^ 
airf. 

'■»■■■  ■  'r  •        ■  '  «  •* 

*    •  "  The  fpider  holdi  the  veil  in  the  p»- 
lacc  of  Cxfar  5 
Xhe  owl   (lands  fcntinel    oa  %he  vstc^ 
tower  of  Afrafiah".*' 

5?r  H^.  yonc3r3  Prrlzan  Gressmt^. 
f  "  Theeftefts  of  the  wiKd  Samixc  are 
inftant  fuffocation  to  every  Jiving  creatsit, 
that  happens  to  be  in  the  fphereof  itsa^viti. 
The  Arabians  difcern  its  approach  by  aa  cc* 
ufual  redoefs  in  the  atr,  and  tbey  fay  th^ 
they  feel  a /iw//  cfjujfbeir  as  it  ^^es,  T'srr 
thrmo  tbemfilves  dvzon  ttxtb  their  fgeis  ea  .-z* 
iartb,  till  this  whirlwind  of  poUQno;ss  exh> 
,  lations  has  blown  over,  which  always  ms?*-* 
at  a  ceitaio' height  ia  the  aunofpfacrc.  *l^ 


Original  Poitry^  by  Mr.  Surr. 


369 


TieW,  flender  Bai  t  an  !  thy  fpcck  of  death. 

And  neftle  in  a  bofom  of  defpair  !* 
Yc  Locusts  !    failing  through  the  darken'd 
Acies,    . 
Whofe  rufliing  clouds  a  torrent's  fall  refound, 
Ye  faithful  meflengers  of  fate !  arife, 
And  pour  your  instant-Disolation 
round,  f 
Behold  th*  unihadow'd  land,   the  burning 
plain  \ . 
The  bitter  wave  delirioufly  I  tafte  •,  J 
From  Earth    to  Hcav'n,    the    pxllar'd 
Sands  attain. 
They     move,    and    horrok     travels 
through  the  wafte.§ 

2  laugh  when  Suns  their  torrid  anger  fend. 
And  soy  blood  drops— a  red  flow.'r  on  the 
thorn  1 
Patient  too  long,  to  each  feducing  friend, 
lam  a  KAKiD    SWORD — the  ihcath  is 
worn  H ! 


ftinft  even  teaches  the  brutes  to  incline  their 
heads  to'the  ground,  on  thefe  occafions.'* 

Niebubr*t  Travels  in  Arabia, 

•  *<  In  Arabia  the  only  formidable  ferpcnt 
iJ  the  Baitan,  a  fmall  creature^  fpotted 
black  and  white ;  its  bite  is  inftant  death  \  and 
the  dead  body  is  fwelled  by  the  poifon  in  a 
fery  extraordinary  manner." 

f  The  f warms  of  thefe  Lo  c  u  s  ts  darJten  the 
mr,  and  appear  at  a  diftance  like  clouds  of 
fraokc.  The  noife  they  make  in  flying  is 
frightful  and  ftunning  like  that  of  a  toater-fall. 
When  fnch  a  fwarm  fills  upon  a  field,  it  is 
wajledf  and  dcfpoiled  of  its  verdure. 

X  One  of  the  fufferingsof  a  traveller  in  the 
^efert,  is,  when  the  thifft  rages  almoft  to 
madnefs,  and  a  well  is  difcovered,  the  waters 
are  often  too  bitter  to  be  drank.  Collins^  in  his 
Oriental  Eclogues,  omitted,  or  knew  not,  this 
aggravation  of  forrow — his  Camel-driver  fays. 

Bethink  thee,  HaiTan,  where  (hall  Thirst 

afluage 
When  fails  this  cruife,  his  nnrelenting  rage. 

§  Bruce,  in  the  defert,  hasoflforded  a  very 
fublime  defcription  of  *'  a  number  of  prodigi- 
ous pillars  of /and,  at  times  m^tnnz  with  great 
eelerity,  at  others  ftalking  on  with  a  majeftic 
ftcrnnefs.  Ibeir  tops  reaching  the  very  clouds-^ 
Our  people  became  defperate.  Ifmael  pro- 
nounced it  to  be  hell,  the  Tucorories  that  the 
world  was  on  fire,  and  the  Greeks  fhrieking 
faid  it  was  the  Day  of  Judgment.**— Thefe 
moving  pillars  of  fand  purfued  the  travellers 
fometimes  in  bodies.  Nature  has  rarely  fur- 
nlflied  an  obje^  more  terrific  and  fublime. 
Milton  wanted  fuch  a  living  image  of  human 
deftru^ion. 

p  **  Far  removed  from  friends,  poor  and 
foUury, 
likf  a  naked  fword,  without  a  Iheath.'* 

Ekb^dfon'ijir^ffraiiwutr* 


LINES 
Addrejfed  t9  a  Friend  on  his  Mairiagt. 
BjT,S.  SuRR. 
'T'O  pour  fwect  confolation  o*er  the  foul. 
When  ficknefs  faddcns,  End  when  grlefa 
cootroul ; 
To  foothc  thcanguifli  of  a  forrowing  hearty 
O  gcn'rous  fricndihip,  Is  thy  nobler  part  I 
Whofe  cheating  fmiics  beam  round  aiflidtion'a 

bed, 
When  fun-fliine  parafites  avert  the  head. 

Yet  is  not  fricndfhlp  fad — but  joyous  glowi 
At  cvVy  boon  a  brighter  fate  bcftowi  j 
Exults  to  view  profperiiy  defcend. 
And  (hares  each  rapture  that  infplrcs  a  fricAd  ! 

Go  then,  my  mufc,  and  let  thine  artlefs  lay 
Tell  tlie  delights  that  in  ray  boforo  play  j 
The  joy  fincere  that  animates  my  breaft, 
WhOil  my  heart  whifpcrs,  that  tny  friend  It 
bleft. 

When  in  imagination  I  furvey. 
All  fpjce  illumin'd  by  the  fjlar  r:iy, 
And  gate  with  all  the  vigour  of  the  mind. 
In  fcarch  of  happincfs  1  feldom  find ; 

Sometimes  I  ciuh  a  gUmpfe  of  her  fair  face. 
Sometimes  licr  Reeling,  fairy  ftootftcps  trace. 
Till  foon  th'  enchanting  vifiondifap;^^ears, 
Obfcur*d  by  crimes,  by  forrows,  or  by  fears. 

"NcVr  did  I  meet  her  In  the  gilded  halls, 
Where   mimick  pleafure  holds  her  nightly 

balls; 
Ne*er  caught  her  lift*Aing  to  the  rude,  loui 

peals 
Of  midnight  revelryj  where  reafon  reels  ; 
Ne'er  tracM   her  footfteps   on  the   crimfon 

plaid,  ' 
Where  mad  ambition  counts  its  thoulanda. 

flain; 
Nor  e'er  beheld  her,-  avarice,  at  thy  door*  -     - 
With  all  thy  riches,  poorcil  of  the  poor !  ^ 
Such  haunts  ihe  ihans— nor  ever  deignito 

ftray, 
Save  where  her,  parent,  virtue,   points  the 

way. 

Shunt  the  liigh  road  of  folly,  nolfe,  and  ftrife^ 
Seeks  the  fmooth  paths  of  calm,  domeittfr 

life. 
There  oft  fhe  tarries— there  ihe  loves  to  refi> 
Where   fond   embraces   warm  the    coriHant 

breaft. 
Such  happinefs  is  ♦♦•'s— and  may  the  pow'r 
That  gave,  preferve  it  to  his  latcft  hour. 

From  the  blcfsM  fpot,  he  e*er  may  calj  hia 

home. 
May  no  ambition  tempt  his  heart  to  roam  J! 
May  the  word  «<  homR,'*  witii  magic  foun^ 

impart 
A  fpell  to  warm,  or  ttanquillire  his  heaf%i 
In  her  he  loves,  may  he  for  ever  trace 
Some  new-found  charm— fome  und>fcover*4 

grace  5 
BlefGng  and  ble(sfd,  may^  H}^en*s  fettcft 

prove,  '> 

Th«  wUlifig  bosdag^Q  •fla^eaCng  love. 
I-B  a  VARi£i;i£S, 


r  J7&  ] 


VARIETIES, 
LiTBaARY  and  Philosophical  ; 

IncUuling  Notices  ofH^orks  in  I  land  ^  Domejiic  and  Foreign^ 

*«*  jiuthemic  CommuMkatims  for  this  Artkle  wtil  aituays  he  tbmukfuUy  recmftd. 


A  COMPLETE  edition  of  the  Icamed 
and  cfttemed  work.M  of  the  lite  Sir 
XViLMAM  Jones,  is  in  the  prefs,  and 
will  be  publiihed  early  in  the  winrer, 
by  McfTrs.  Robinfon,  m  four  voluines> 
quarto. 

An  Englifh  tranflation,  in  three  vo- 
lumen,  of  the  long  exoeHed  voyage  of 
La  Pe rouse  round  tfie  world,  which 
ha?  juft  made  its  appearance  at  Paris, 
under  the  atifpices  of  fhc  French  govern- 

2ent,'  ib  announced  for  publication  in 
ouUun,  about  the  end  of  June.  A  work 
more  interelting  to  the  geographer,  a(Vro< 
nomer.  natural  id,  and  genei*al  reader,  * 
hi**  iddom  claimed  the  attention  of  the 
pvblic. 

The  AW>e  Gaul  TIER  has  lately  pvb> 
l?(h^.l  in  London,  the  lii-ft  part  of  his 
i-en .lings  for  the  ulc  of  children  of  diffev- 
enr  ^.ge^;  the  fecond  courfe,  containing 
a  plcjiant  introdiidiou  to  a  knowledge  of 
I  he  principles  of  grammar,  is  in  theprefs. 
I'hc  Academy  of  Infer ipt ions  and  Belles 
Leurcs,  at  Paris,  exprefled  its  marked 
approbation  of  the  Abbe's  plan  ib  long 
fmce  as  the  year  17S7. 

>  A  fecond  edition  of  Dr*  Rollo'  s  work 
on  the  diabetes  mellitus,  and  the  refults 
of  the  trials  of  various  acids  and  other 
fubftances,  in  the  treatment  of  the  lues 
venerea,  further  ilUiftrattrd  by  additional 
fa^ls,  is  preparing  for  the  prefs. 

Thp  increaicd  attention  to  foreign  lite- 
rature in  this  illand,  is  evinced  by  the  re- 
i'lfeflable  patronage  afforded  to  the  G^nnan 
circulating  library,  eilablifhed  a  few 
yt^i's  (ince  in  London ;  the  proprietor  of 
which,  from  an  original  (lock  of  70  vols, 
has  lately  been  enabled  to  encreaie  it  to 
aooo,  in  all  branches  of  learning. 

'  Mr.  Malone's  eifition  of  "  Dry  den's 
Profe  ff'orksf^^  is  in  great  forwardneis  for 
put^Hcation,  and  will  confiii  of  three  laree. 
volumes.  The  profe  of  Dryden  is  widely 
fcattered  among  his  numerous  poetic  and 
dramatic  pieces,  fome  of  which  are  rarely 
tp  be  met  with,  even  amonc(  the  libraries 
ef  the  curious.  A  compfete  culle6lion 
has,  therefore*  been  a  literacy  deiidera- 
turn,  and  many  of  o\ir  readers  will  be 
((leafed  to  learn  that  the  talk  has  fallen 
irro  fuch  able  hands. 

♦  The  Rev.  Hexrv  Kett,  A.  M. 
Atuhor  t»^ ^^  Barnttqn  LeSfurrSj  1792," 
:  nri  of  **  Juvrmle  Toemsy  ^7!?3>'*  has 
i.J^i'iy  completed  a  work  on  prophet y. 


Reading  rooms,  as  well  as  ptrochial 
reading  focieties,  are  rapidly  extending 
themfeivn  in  every  part  of  the  kingdom. 
The  idea  of  a  popular  reading-room, 
f"gg^^  in  our  firft  nximber,  h^s  been 
adopted  in  feveral  places  in  London  \  we 
hear  of  a  fmiilar  eftabllfhmcnt  in  Edin- 
bxirgh,  on  a  larger  fcale,  under  the  con- 
duct of  Mr.  Elliott,  bookfeller.  Our 
opinion  of  the  gi^cat  utility  of  thefe  infti- 
tutions,  will  induce  us  at  all  jtimes  to 
mention  their  cftablifhment  with  refpefl. 

Mr.  Dyer  is  engaged  ip  printing  his 
Poetical  Works,  in  three  volumes,  oc- 
tavo. Ohe  volume  is  nearly  printed  off, 
and  Hie  whole  will  be  ready  ror  delivery 
to  iubcribcrs,  by  January  1799*  They 
confiit  of  defcriptive  poems  ;  odes  facred 
to  freedom,  love,  and  beAovelencc  \  tranf- 
lations,  fatircs,  and  cpilUes.  The  po- 
ems wiii  be  accoropanisil  with  critical  ef- 
fays .  A  few  only  of  the  poems  haw  been 
prifited  before,  and  thofe  will  appear  in 
the  prefent  colleftion  with  material  alten- 
tions. 

Mr.  Jones,  Unitarian  Minifter,  at 
Plymouth,  is  now  preparing,  and  will 
foon  fend  to  the  prefs,  a  work  in  one  vo- 
lume, o^avo,  bearing  the  following  title, 
'<  TIk  Forgers  of  the  Muracul«u<  Coa- 
ceptioR  of  M«ry ;  the  Deification  of  Jcfus, 
aod  of  the  SybiUine  Oraeles*;  together 
with  the  Oppoiitton  made  to  the(ip  Dec- 
trines,  by  the  Apoftles,  brought  to  light 
from  Jofeplius,  bfcing  a  Convert  and  aa 
Apologill ;  and  alfo  from  an  Alltgorical 
Hiftor)-  of  the  Corruption  of  Chnftian^ 
ity,by  a  renowned.  Apoftate  in  thelkood 
Centuj-y,  and  from  various  other  vicicni 
Authors,  Jewlfh,  Pagan,  and  Chriftian." 
'  Dr.  Duncan,  junior,  has  for  fome 
time  been  employed  in  preparing  for  the 
prefs  a  trandation  of  the  «*  Hpimytf^^' 
4diif,^^  by  Kurt  Sprekce£*  To  writ? 
a  hiAoi7  ^^  ^^^  fcienf  e,  it  was  necef&ry 
to  coll^,  and  bring  under  proper  pointt 
of  view,  the  fa£^s  v^ich  are  fcattcrrd  in 
a  thoufand  works ;  to  read  the  writers  of 
each  age  and  nation  in  the  original ;  to 
*nter  into  the  Ajirit  of  the  times  when 
thejr  wrote ;  and  to  ftndy  the  hiftory  of 
foe  let  y,  and  the  fciences,  wherever  they 
Avere  eonne^M  with  medicine:  all  thii 
Profcflbr  SpRENGBj..  is  faid  to  have  ac- 
compHlhed, 

Dr.  J  o H  N  Hill,  proftflTor  of  humanity 
In  the  univcifity  of  Edinburgh,  i*  «n- 

dcrftocd 


AnurUan  Literatf  and  Phlh/cphical  tntetltgeiufl  ^t 


lerftood  to  har*  been  long  engaged  in 
the  compofition  of  a  verf  important  work^ 
00  the  Synomma  of  the  Latin  Tongue; 
of  whick  an  admirable  Ibecimen  appeared 
in  a  late  volume  of  the  **  Pbilofipbical 
franfiiSmms  •fEM>ttr^r 

Dr.  Adam  Smith's  work  upon  the 
«<  WioUh  rf  Samnsy  'wUb  the  Life  of  the 
Jbubori^  by  Mr.  Dugald  Stuart,  have 
been  recently  tranflated  into  the  Spanifli 
language,  and  in  this  form  publiftied  at 
Madrid. 

An  excellent  Spanifh  tranflatlon  of  the 
le£luretof  Dr.  Hugh  Blair,  on  Rheto- 
ric and  Belles  Lettrcs,  has  been  executed 
at  Madrid,  and  is  now  in  the  prefs. 

The  Agricultural  Survey  of  Pbrth- 
(kin,  by  Dr.  Robertson,  of  Callan- 
der, is  in  the  prefs,  and  will  fpcedily  be 
publiflied. 

A  very  valuable  work^  to  be  condu£led 
by  Dolors  Mitchbll,  Miller  .and 
Smith,  has  lately  made  its  anpearance 
at  New- York,  under  the  title  of  the 
"  MeSeal  Keftfitvrf.  *  *  Jndgi  ng  from  the* 
contents  of  the  thi^ee  firft  Numbers,  we 
conceive  it  will  prove  no  lefs  ufeful  in  the 
United  States,  than  valuable  to  the  world 
at  large.  A  publication  moi-e  judtcioufly 
planned,  ana  moi*e  ably  executed,  has 
feldom  been  prefented  to  the  public  ;  and 
tbe  good  wimes  of  every  friend  of  fciencc 
will  attend  its  enlightened  editors.  The 
work  is  clafled  under  the  following  gene- 
ral heads: 

I.  Accurate  and  fuccin^  accounts  o{  the 
general  difeafes  which  have  formerly  prevailed 
in  any  part  of  the  United  States. 

a.  Ufeftfl  hiftorics  of, particular  cafcs- 

3.  Hiftorics   of  fuch  complaints  of  pro-' 
feflional  men,  mechanic!,  manufacturers,  ^c. 
»  appear  to  originate  from  their  peculiar  em- ' 
pK)yn»ettts,  or  the  maberiah  with,  or  about* 
which  they  are  employed. 

4.  New  raerhods  of  curing  difsafes. 

5.  Accounts  of  new  difcovered  or  applied 
reniediei,  in  rare,  or  hitherto  incurable  dif* 
•afet. 

6.  £xtra£b  from  rare,  printed  or  manu- 
fcrlpt  works,  illuftrative  of  the  natute  and 
cure  of  fuch  difcafes  as  now  prevail  in  the 
United  States. 

7.  Interefting  information,  relative  to  the 
minerals,  plants,  and  animals  of  America. 

8.  American  medical  biography. 

9.  Accounts  of  former  American  medical 
publications. 

10.  Reviews  of  new  American  medical  pub- 
lications. 

II.  Medical  news. 

It  will  perhaps  be  unnccefTary  to  re- 
mark, that  fo  valuable  a  fource  of  origi- 
nal information  will  be  conftantly  rcforted 
to  by  theJEditors  of  the  Monthly  Maga-' 


zine^  and  that  every  new  faft  of  conf^ 
quence  will,  through  its  medium,  be  re-* 
gularly  pre&nted  to  the  European  worlds 

A  new  medical  aflbciation  has  latel/ 
been  formed  ih  Philadelphia,  whole  nK>re 
particular  ob)e^  is  to  inquire  into  andt 
elucidate  the  hiftory  and  nature  of  pcfti- 
Icntia!  difeafes ;  without  excluding  atten- 
tion to  other  fubordlnsfte  objcfts.  This 
affociation,  which  takes  the  name  of  *l'ht 
MeSced  Academy  of  ?hllndilfkia,  defign  to 
publifh  the  refult  of  their  labours  periodi- 
cally. Their  publications,  it  is  expeftcd^ 
will  coniift  of  a  fcmi-annual  o6luvj  vo-  * 
lume. 

Dr.  Rush  is^reparlne  for  publlcatioiiy 
a  fifth  volume  of  his  *<  TnqutrUs  and  Oh» 
fkrvatioms,^*  This  volume  is  to  contam 
two  difTertations  on  the  gout,  and  on  dif- 
eafes ot  the  mind,  alfo  a  hiftory  of  x\m 
yellow  fever  for  1797- 

Dr.  Barton  dciigns  to  publiiha  Kfe« 
moir  on  the  BroncboceU,  or  on  Goitret,  at 
obferved  in  the  State  of  New- York.  H» 
has  alfo  ui  the  prefs,  a  "  Jvumal  rfm 
Tour  through  part  of  tbe  States  of  Hewu . 
Tork  and  PennJ^lnjattiaJ''' 

Dr.  John  Br.ickell,  of  S^vannaha 
in  a  letter  addreflW  to  the  fele6l-raen  of 
Bofton,  has  announced  the  following  fuc- 
cefsful  method  of  preventing  the  bad  e£- 
ie£ls  of  the  bite  of  a  mad  dog.  His  me« 
thod  is  to  wafh  the  bitten  part  with  ao  or 
30  kettles  full  of  water,  poured  from  thm 
ipout  of  the  kettles,  or  a  mug ;  and  aftcr- 
vtrards  to  burn  the  wound  as  deep  as  the 
bite  has  penetrated,  with  the  end  of  a 
cafe  knife,  or  any  other  iron  made  nearly 
red-hot.  The  waihing  is  intended  to 
carry  away,  from  irt  and  about  the, 
wound,  the  faliva  j  and  the  burning  is  in-. 
tended  to  extirpate  any  infe;>ed  part. 
This  remedy,  he  obferves,  hais  often  been 
applied  in  Georgia,  without  oiicc  fallings 

The  following  well  atteilcd  faft,  rew 
lative  to  the  faculty  called  inftin^l  of 
animuls,  is  recorded  in  the  third  number 
of  the  American  **  Medical  Repofitory."* 
A  wren  had  built  her  neft  In  a  box,  ft 
fituated  that  a  familv  had  an  opportunity 
to  obferve  the  mother-bird  inrtruft  tlw 
young  ones  in  the  art  of  fin^ine,  peculiar 
to  their  fprcies.  "She  fixed  herfelf on 
one  fide  of  the  opening  in  the  box,  diiY^ly 
before  her  younff,  and  began  by  Gnging 
over  her  whole  fong,  very  diftinftly.  One 
of  the  young  tH<*n  attempted  to  imitate 
her.  After  proceeding  through  a  few 
notes,  his  voice  broke,  and  he  loft  the 
tunc.  The  'mother  immtdiately  recom- 
menced where  lie  had  failed,  and  went 
very  diftin^ly  thl'ough  with  the  i^emain- 

der. 


V* 


Vfi  of  Gyffum  as  a  Manure 


^er.  TBe  yoxtag  bird  made  a  fccond  at- 
tempt, commencing  where  he  had  ceafed 
before,-  and  continued  the  fong  ai  long  as 
Be  was  able ,  and  when  he  loft  th^  note 
again,  the  mother  began  anew,  whci-c  he 
ftopped,  and  completed  it.  Thence  re- 
fumcd  the  tune,  and  finifhed  it«  This 
done,  the  mother  fang  over  the  whole  fe- 
riet  of  notes  a  feconid  time,  with  great 
precifion ;  and  a  fecond  of  the  young  at- 
tempted to  follow  her.  With  ^lim,  fhc 
purfutd  the  fame  courfc  as  with  the  firft ; 

,  and  fo  with   the  third  and   fourth.     It 

,  Ibmetimes  happened,  that  the  young  would 
lofe  the  tune,  three,  four,  or  more  times, 
an  the  fame  attempt  j  in  which  cafe,  the 
mother  unifonnly  began  where  they 
ceafed,   and  fang  the  remaining  notes ; 

^  ind  when  each  had  completed  his  trial, 
Ihe  repeated  the  whole  drain.  Soinetlmcs 
two  of  the  young  commenced  together. 
The  mother  obfervcd  the  fame  condu6V 
towards  them,  as  when  one  fang  alone. 
Thia  latter  was  repented,  day  and  day, 
mnd  feveral  times  in  a  day. 

GypTam,  the  cffe6ls  of  which,  as  a 
aianure,  do  not  appear  to  have  been  fairly 
tried  in  England,  ft  ill  continues  to  re- 
€eive  the  approbation  of  agricuhurifts  in 
America.  J)r.  G.  Logan,  of  Philadel- 
phia, has  lately  publiflied  a  pamphlet,  in 
which  he  endeavours  to  eftablifti,  Jirjf, 
That  there  is  no  difference  between  Eu- 
ropean and  American  gypfum.  Secondtji 
Tnat  gypfum  afts  as  an  immediate  ma- 
nure to  grafs,  and  afterwards  in  an  equal 

•  degree  to  giain.  And  thirdly.  That  one 
drcfling  will  continue  in  force  feveral  fuc- 
ccedlng  crops.  Judge  Peters,  of  Phi- 
ladelphia, has  alfo  publlflicrd  a  pamphlet 
on  the  fame  fubje^l,  containing  anfwers 
to  a  fet  of  queries,  addrelTed  by  him  to 
various  intelligent  agriculturifts.  "  Af- 
ter ten  or  eleven  years  trial,  they  all  agree 
in  the  utility  of  g)  pAim,  as  a  renovator 
of  exhauftcd  foils  j  that  one^buHiel  and  a 
half,  ortwo  bufhds,  will  be  fufRcIent,  if 
yearly  repeated,  for  clover  j  that  it  will 
anfwer  well  in  a  Tandy  Icam,  upon  a  lime- 
ftone  bottom ;  that  though  it  Is  fervicc- 
ablc  when  lliewcd  in  powder,  on  growing 
plants,  it  fucceeds  heft  in  repetition,  after 
cultivating  and  drefTmg  llightly  with 
ftable  manure,  or  with  ploughing  in 
green  manures.  It  dees  not  exhauft  more 
than  other  manures  do,  parti culaily  dung, 
and  to  produce  its  full  efFc«^,  to  be  va- 
luable and  aflive,  it  muft  meet  with 
fomething  in  the  foil  to  decompofe  it  j 
and  where  this  is  wanted,  it  does  no  good. 
Whenllrcwedon  the  fuifacc,  it  remark- 
ably bcotEu  whiu  aad  red  clover,  and 


moft  graftes  \  though  It  did  Hot  appear  td 
do  anv  good  to  wuiter  grain.    It  is  good 
for  ail  leguminous  plants,   huck-whrat, 
flax,  hemp,  rape,  and  oily- fccded plants; 
moft  produfls  of  the  kitchen-garden,  and 
for  fi-uit-trecs  j    as  well  as  for  oats  and 
barley,  when  fprinkled  at  fowing  time  on 
the  wetted  itt^%.     Sowed  at  all  times  of 
the  year,  it  anfwer»  well  j  if  ftrewed  over 
the  land  at  any  time  from  the  l>cginniiig 
of  February  to  the  middle  of  April,  it 
(hould    be  fowed   in  mifty  weather,  to 
avoid  the  lofs  of  having  it  blown  away 
with  the  winds,  if  /own  in  a  dry  time. 
Some  do  not  fow  it  until  vegetation  be- 
gins, though    it    will  have  an  cffeft  if 
lowed  at  any  fcafon.     As  to  quantity  of 
produce  by  the  acre,  as  much  is  procured 
from  gypium  as  from  any  otlicr  manure; 
the  hay  is  better  than  that  produced  by 
dung ;  thq  cattle  wafte  Itfs  of  it ;  and  if 
the  grals   is   ufed   for  paftiu-e,  diey  are 
fonder  of  the  pkujhred  than  of  the  dunked 
produce.      Its    duration    is    fuch,   that 
though  fometimes  it  will  be  cxhautled  in 
one  year,  yet  the  efFc6l  of  one  drelTing, 
of  three  or  four  bufliels  to  the  acre,  has 
been  felt  for  fife  or  fix  years,  gradually 
decreafmg  in  its  powers,  and  feeras  to  be 
capable  of    prolonging    the    efticacy  of 
dung ;  and  has  been  known  to  do  good, 
when  fowed  repeatedly,  and  in  fmall  quan- 
tities, for  a  continuance  of  t^^'elvc  yean 
and  more. "   Thcle  fa^s,  and  their  caules, 
&cl  have  fince  been  further  inveftigated 
by  ProfefTor   Mitchell,    in   a   paper 
which  he  has  publifhed  in  the  '^  MfdLal 
Repojitory  .^'*     This  interctting  Memoir  we 
(hall  inlcrt  at  length,  in  our  next  SuppW- 
roentajy  Number. 

The.  Agricultural  Society  of  Connec- 
ticut are  forming  a  coUedion  of  fa£bs  for 
publication,  on  tht  ule  of  gypfnm  as  a 
manure. 

We  obfer\T,  with  fingular  pleafurr, 
that  Agricultunl  Societies  arc  forrain* 
in  every  diftrift  of  America.  Sheep  or 
various  countries,  and  foreign  feeds,  of 
different  kinds,  hive  recently  been  im- 
ported and  cultivated  with  fuccefs.  The 
"  Nenv-York  Magazine  ftate«,  that  the 
preiident  of  the  Agricultural  Society  cf 
South  Carolina,  has  received  from  Mr. 
Jefferson,  vice-prefident  of  the  United 
States,  upwards  of  one  hundred  different 
kinds  of  rict,  which  have  been  procured 
by  that  gentleman  from  the  Phillippine 
lAands. 

The  remarkable  difeafe  among  the 
Cats  in  London,  mentioned  in  this  work 
for  April  1797,  appears  to  have  extended 
itfelf  ovtr  the  eatire  contiaoits  of  £urope 

a&d 


Anurican  Literature American  Nautical  Difc$veriiu       373 

deco^Ion,  is  ao  almoft  infallible  reinedj 
in  the  cramp,  or  Suffqcatio  Siridula* 

A  treatiic  on  fevers  (particularly  that 
denominated  yellow  fever)  has  recently 
been  publifhed  in  Jndia. — It  is  a  joint 
effort  uf  two  celebrated  phyiicians  at  Cal- 
cutta,  whoy  beginning  to  write  by  acci* 
dent,  on  the  fame  fubjefl,  at  the  fame  - 
time,  agreed -tp  unite  their  efforts,and  tliiif 
conjointly  produced  a  work,  which  re- 
port ftates  to  be  a  moft  learned  and  valo* 
kble  performanpe,  Dr.  M'Lean  is  one  of 
the  authors. 

Captain  Pierpoint,an  American,  adveri* 
tifes,  that  in  lat.  16.45.  N.  long.  169, 
58.  W.  from  London,  on  his  paflagp 
from  the  Sandwich  iilands  to  China, 'the 
2d  of  September,  1 796,  at  midnight,  in 
company  with  the  Schooner  Prince  Wil- 
liam Henry,  William  Wake,  mafter,  of 
London,  tney  both -ran  on  fifore  on  the 
north  iide  of  a  reef  of  coral  rocks  and 
fand,  where  they  continued  until  next  day 
noon — at  which  time  the  weather  bein|p 
very  clear,  they  faw  two  fmall  iflands  of 
fand,  bearing  W.  by  N.  four  or  five  mildi 
diftant ;  and  from  their  top  gallaat-maft 
head  faw  the  (hoal,  extending  £.  S.  £« 
foutherly  round  to  W.  S.  W.  but  how 
far  they  were  not  able  to  determine.  la 
the  |at.  17.  N.  this  ihoal  will  not  be  ' 
feen. 

On  the  16th  of  Feb.  1796,  the  fiiow 
Aithur,  Captain  Barber,  returned  to 
•Madras,  after  a  voyage  to  New  South 
Wales,  the  north  weft  coaft  of  Amei'ica 
and  China.  The  following  account  of  hit 
voyage  is  extraftcd  from  the  New  York 
magazine. 

On  the  a 6th  of  April,  1794,  he  fell  It^ 
with  a  very  extenfive  group  of  iOandSy 
fix  in  number.  Tiicfe  iflands  are  laid 
down,  in  our  map,  too  far  to  the  eaftward. 
The  longed  iflund  lies  in  the  latitude  of 
17.  30-  S.  long.  175.  15.  caft  of  Greenwich. 
Captain  Barber  anchored  in  a  large  bay,  on 
the  weft  fide  of  this  ifland,  in  ten  fdthooi 
water,  and  (hortly  after  a  canoe  cajne  off,  but 
approached  with  great  caution  j  and  it  was 
fome  time  before  the  natives,  by  figns  of 
friendfhip,  could  be  induced  on  board.  They 
had  no  idea  of  barter,  but  were  very  willing 
to  receive  prcfents.  The  next  day  fcvcral  ca- 
noes put  off*,  but  in  lieu  of  provifions,  as  was 
expected,  they  came  all  armed,  and  their 
boats  loaded  with  fpears,  clubs,  bows  and  ar« 
rows.  Captain  Barber  made  all  the  boats  go 
aftern,  and  endeavoured  to  convince  them 
that  he  meant  not  to  hurt  them.  At  length 
they  formed  a  plan  fi>r  an  atuck,  when  they 
were  ihewn  fome  muikets,  but  they  not 
knowing  what  they  were,took  ihem  for  clubs. 
Several  attempted  to  board  on  the  quarters  ; 
violent  was  neceiTary  to  keep  them  off,  and 

Unam 


and  America.  The  Paris  and  other  newf- 

pipers,  publi(he(^  on  the  continent  of 
Europe,  mentioned  the  fa^ ;  the  ''  Me^ 
Meal  Repqfitoryi''  of  New-Yoj-k,  traces 
v.'ith  more  accuracy  its  progrefs  through 
the  United  States.  The  fymptoras  were, 
Kith  little  variation,  fimilar  to  thofe  dcr 
fcribcd  in  the  Monthly  Magazine. 

Dr.  Vaughan,  Member  of  the  Pcnn- 
fylvania  Medical  Society,  has  publilhcd 
a  pamphlet,  in  which  he  accounts  for  the 
«ffc6l  of  Dr.  Perkins's  metallic  trac- 
tors, on  the  principles  pf  Galvani 
and  Humboldt,  lyhof^  experiments  are 
well  knowii  in  Europe.  Dr.  TiLTON, 
prdident  Qf  tbe  Medical  Society  of  Dela- 
ware, in  a  letter  on  the  fame  fubjeft,  has 
publifhed  his  opinion  that  fome  general, 
though  undefined,  principle  cxifts,  which 
gives  to'  metals  a  powerful  influence  on 
the  animal  oeconomy. 

The  following  account  of  the  comet, 
which  was  obferved  by^Mr.  Ix)fft,  and 
other  European  aftronomers,  is  extrafled 
from  a  Bollon  paper  of  Auguft  laft: 
'^  On  the  i6th  inft.  Mr.  Merrick,  who 
re/ides  at  Little-Cambridge,  difcovered  a 
comet,  covering  the  ftar  placed  at  the  in- 
fertion  of  the  tail  in  the  body  of  the  Lit- 
tle Bear.  It  was  between  eight  and  nine 
o'clock  in  the  evening;  and  at  the  fame 
hour  on  the  iyth  inft.'he  faw  it  advancing 
towards  the  ftar  {mu)  in  the  dragon,  of 
which  it  had  crofFed  the  body;  having 
moved  at  a  rate  through  the  heavens  twice 
as  rapid  as  the  moon.  On  the  1 8th  and 
19th  inft.  it  will  be  nearly  on  a  line  with 
what  miy  be  called  the  pointers  of  the 
little  bear;  and  about  eight  or  nine  in 
the  evenings  of  thofe  days,  if  the  weather 
fee  clear,  it  will  be  feen  to  the  weft  of  our 
zenith,  and  not  very  far  diftant  from  it. 
This  comet  at  prefent  has  no  tail,  but 
appears  as  a  finall  nebulous  or  cloudy 
ftar,  of  a  round  form,  being  moft  bright 
towards  its  centre  or  nucleus." 

Dr.  David  Ho  sack,  the  profeffor  of 
botany  and  materia  medica,  in  Columbia 
college,  and  Dr.  Currie,  of  Philadel- 
phia, have  publiftied  fome  pieces,  in 
which  they  maintain  that  the  yello^w 
fever  has  always  been  an  imported  difcafe. 

Sir  John  Sinclair  and  Dr.  Ed- 
ward Bancroft,  have  been  elefted 
member*  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Arts  and  Sciences.  The  ftcond  part  of 
the  fecond  volume  of  the  tranfatlidns  of 
that  academy  are  in  the  prefs ;  as  is 
the  fourth  volume  of  thofe  of  the  Philo- 
fophical  Society  of  Philadelphia. 

Dr.  Archer,  neai*  Bahimore,  hat 
i^ifcovcrcd  that  the  Kad»  Sineka,  in  ftron|^ 


574 


Paftnts  in  Aprlt  and  Maj. 


%mut  who  ImJ  obt^iisd  tfbotifi|,  wert  puflied 
^Wfl.  On  this  a  few  arrows  vvtre  fired  into 
cJk  Arthur,  in  different  diredionSy  and 
ik«<t2y  a  genecat  difcharge  from  every  canoe 
tofk  place.  Captain  Barbet  immediately  cot 
liis  cablp^  but  found  it  neceflary  to  iire  upon 
0ica,  from  two  or  three  fwivcliy  and  a  tew 
■iiftfqueo,  by  wliich  fome  of  them  muft  have 
keen  killed,  aa  the  canoea  were  very  near  (he 
Ibip.  The  report  of  the  guni,  and  the  effe^ 
^cy  produced,  o«cal)oa«d  the  greateft  co»> 
fecnacioB  among  the  (avagea,  who  in  an  1%- 
llaiit  diCappcared .  Two  of  the  crew  were 
wounded  by  their  arrows^  There  being  a  fine 
V««ae  at  the  time,  the  Arthur  foon  got  clear 
•f  t)iem.  Their  canoes  appeared  to  be  about 
thirty  fret  in  length,  but  fcarcely  three  feet 
Iroad,  They  had  a  ftage  eredled  in  the  mid- 
die  of  each,  apparently  for  the  purpofe  of 
ftjadiog  on  to  heave  their  fpeari ;  and  there 
«jrc  £roin  eight  co  14  men  in  each  canoe. 


They  arc  a  vciy  ftovt  ncc  of  people,  mti 
man  amongft  thoie  that  were  feen  appeared  to 
be  lefs  than  fix  feet  high  \  they  are  of  a  cop, 
per  coloor,  with  woolly  heads.  They  &\r 
no  women.  Thefe  iflaods  require  very  grot 
caution  in  approaching  them  from  the  weft. 
wsrd,  beine  almot  furroundcd  with  ree&,  aad 
lAterfperfod  with  funken  rocks  and  ihosOs,  ia 
every  diredion.  The  iSth  of  May,  on  kit 
paflage  towards  the  northward,  in  theUt.  3. 
^5.  footh.  Captain  BarberMifcovered  a  Qnall 
fandy  ifland,  to  which  he  gave  the  naarie  of 
Drummood^s  ifland,  which  appeared  to  hare 
no  other  inhabitants  than  birds.  This  iQand 
is  very  low,  and  cannot  be  fcen  from  the 
deck  of  a  veflel  more  th.ui  five  or  fix  m\t\. 
It  lies  in  lat.  5.  40.  fou^hy  and  nearly  in  chq 
longitude  of  176.  51,  ^itSi  ^f  Qre^nwiclw^ 
variation  9.  eaft* 


NEW    PATENTS, 
Enrolled  in  April  and  May^  ^798.. 


Mr.  Weldon's,   roE   a  Mill    fo& 

BREAKING  BaRK  FOR  TaHKING,  &C. 

A  Patent  was  granted  in  I>ec.  17979  to 
James  Wildon,  of  Litchfield, 
for  a  machine,  or  milU  for  breaking  or 
pulvet  izing  hatched  or  chopped  bark  fcr 
canning  \  or  other  viroods  orhaid  fuhftan- 

CTf. 

Tlut  invention  confifts  in  conilru£ling 
R  cylindrical  wooden  cafe,  in  which  la  to 
be  £ttcd  a  caft  iron  cone,  either  folid  or 
hollow,  which,  bycomnion  mill  machi- 
nery, it  HTtadc  to  tarn  rapidly  round  in  its 
cafe. '  The  Ude  of  the  cone  is  to  be  armed 
with  long  tr  iangiiiar  cutting  teeth,  ap. 
plied  lengthwi(e>  with  confiderable  inter- 
valti  to  the  cone  :  between  thefe  longer 
fctth,  at  the  bafe  of  Vhe  cone,  is  to  be 
iixed,  in  like  manner,  a  very  clofe  row  of 
Shorter  ones.  The  bark,  or  other  fub- 
ftance  to  be  ground,  being  then  thrown 
tightly  Into  the  cylinder,  is  coarfelv  broken 
down  by  the  longer  teeth,  and  afterwards 
reduced  to. finer  powder  by  the  ihorter 


Mr.  Cartwrxcht>»  tor  an  im- 
. .  PROVED  Steam  Engine. 
The 'Rev.  Edmund  Cartwricht 
has  juft  taken  our  a  patent  for  an  improv- 
ed fteam  engine.  It  i«.necdlefs  to  obicrvcy 
thagthe  lleam  engine,  though  livery  pow- 
er^ili  has  hitherto  been  hot  only  an  ex- 
p«ifivc,.bait.a  verv  .imperfi»&  machiae. 
kr  tniperfitaiona  have  arifen  finun  the. 
cooiplexffy  of  its  pans,  fifom  the  lotd  o£ 
fri^ion,  aad^iromthcfihcfedtveiKhoffo 


Tacuum,  in  cfrniequence  of  the  admilS(^ 
of  eiaftic  vapour.  Mr.  Cartwright 
condenfes,  by  means  oi  a  (impk  appan- 
tut,  peculiarly  adapted  to  the  purpofe, 
without  tlie  injef^ion  of  cold  water ;  and 
by  mean*  of  another  apparatus,  equally 
fimpk»  the  engine  is  cleared  of  fuch  elaf- 
tlc  vapour  as  may  feparate  from  the  wa- 
ter in  the  boiler.  It  is  further  contrived, 
that  the  condenfation  is  at  all  times  going 
forwards  \  io  that  there  is  a  cfxnplete  va- 
cuum, or  at  leaft  as  near  an  approxima- 
tion to  it  as  may  be,  whenever  the  pifton 
is  ready  to  make  its  ftroke.  TKefn^^ioo 
is  in  a  sreat  racal'ure  removed^by  makbg 
the  pifton  folely  €ii  metal,  and  ib  as  to 
accommodate  itfelf  to  the  cvlinder,  with 
the  leaft  poflible  preflure  agamft  its  fides. 
The  eompleatty  which  has  hitherto  been 
complained  of,  as  the  great  obftade  to  the 
application  of  the  fteam  engine  to  any 
purpofes,  except  thofe  of  great  magnittide, 
IS  in  Mr.  Cartwright's  improvement 
done  away.  The  conf^niAion  of  this  ma- 
chine is  nearly  as  (imple  as  a  conmoa 
putnp,  it  having  only  two  yahres,  and 
thole  as  it  were  f  if-afUng. 

Mr.  Douglasses  for    a  Machiki 

FOR  SHEARING  WoOLLEN  ClOTH. 

A  patent  was  granted  to  J.  Do  uc  L-%s, 
of  Cbi'ift  church,  Surrey,  in  March,  for 
a  machine  for  ibearing  or  croppit^ 
woollen  cloth.  The  invention  contirt& 
in  £xing  a  number  qf  (hears  in  ^  framrf 
which  are  worked  by  vaiioos  mecbaaicai 
powers  i  but  the  parti^altfr  itiode  of  ap- 

jdkatioi 


Ntw  PaUnis..^Revtiw  of  Nm  Mufical  fuhUcatims.       375 


fHatioA  IS  too  various  and  complicated 
to  be  uodcrftood  without  a  reference  to 
tJiednwitifs  which  are  annexed. 

fiefidet  toe  foregoing*  the  other  new 
MtentK  ai-e  as  follow,  iome  of  which  will 
be  nu)re  particularly  noticed  in  a  futurs 
number. 

To  J.  Ei>WARt)s,  ofBriftoly  m  April 
M,  for  a  method  of  afcertaining  more 
cxa^l/y  the  geographical  podtion  of  ihipt 
at/ca. 

To  W.  Sell ARs,  of  Briftol>  in  April, 
for  a  machine  for  fpinning  wool,  cotton, 
&c.  without  drums  or  bett<,  ufually  em- 
ployed in  iimilar  machines.  . 

To  RoBT.  JoHNSTOK,  of  Greek- 
ftreet,  Soho^  in  March,  for  a  medicine 
called  eflence  of  muftard. 

To  J.  Harriott,  GoodmanVfields, 
hi  06lober,  for  inventing  a  cog,  or  cap- 
Han,  to  be  applied  to  pumps,  hydraulic 
engines,  and  Ihips,  and  by  which  the  lat- 
ter may  make  way  in  calms. 


To  Joseph  Haycropt,  of  Giyci* 
land  dock^  Surry,  in  itlatch^  for  an  m^ 
proved  gun  carriage* 

ToHfiifRY  Gql»xN(»,  of  Wnicfd^n, 
Middlefex,  in  March,  for  a  nui^hifie  for 
removing  rubj»i(h,  ftonet.  Sec.  io  as  to  fiiv- 
cilitate  vt»  working  of  canafo. 

To  W.  BoLTOA,  of  the  royal  atrr, 
in  March»  for  an  improremeat  in  tfto 
cap^an. 

To  W.  Lester,  of  Yardly  Haftii^, 
Northamptonshire,  10  March,  iat  an  im-* , 
proved  harrow. 

To  W.CHA?iCAii,ofNewcaiUe-gMi«^ 
Tyne,  in  March,  for  an  invention  forV/* 
ingir  twifting,  axid  making  ropet. 

To  Robert  Howi>^!i,  of  Hoxton^ 
in  February,  for  a  poitabie  furnace  for. 
heating  ovens.  ' 

To  J.  DouoLAf,  of  Chrift  cl^urcht 
Surrv,  in  February,  for  a  machiJOie  f«f 
mpukliog  and  making  hncka* 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  MUSICAL  PUBLICATIONS- 


QIX  Caoaonets,  and  a  Oip(ey  Song  for  the 
voice,    with  an  Accompaniment  for  the 

pjuno-forte  or  harp  \  compofedand  dedicated 

to  Lady  VEftNON,  by  J^.  Fifm.     ys.  6d. 

Longman  and  Brodcrlp. 

Xfr.  FxsiN  has  fucceeded  in  thefe  piecec 
n  .1  refpcftable  degree.  They  are  en- 
irciy  calculated  for  the  chamber,  and 
ualifiedto  improve  the  vocal  pupil.  The 
irft  long,  **  The  wretch  condemn^  with 
fc  tc  part,***  is  a  plain  but  pleafmg  mc- 
)dy,  and  poffeffes  much  propriety  of  ex- 
rcffion.  The  fecond,  "  The  (hapc 
lone  let  others  prize,''*  is  in  the  form  of 
ballad  \  and  though  far  from  being  the 
eft  air  in  the  colle^ion,  is  Imooth,  plea- 
nt,  and  expreflive.  The  third,  ««  Poor 
oth,  in  vain;'*  is  let  with  feeling.  And 
le  fourth,  «*  Winds  whifper  gently  j"  is 
acid,  and  fweetly  tender.  In  the  fifth. 
Thro'  g^vcs  fequefter'd,"  the  com- 
•/er  has  diiplayed  much  beauty  of  fancy, 
d  corrediiefs  of  judgment ;  while  the 
th,  "  When  Delia  on  the  plain  ap« 
irs,**  IS  ftliftinguifhed  by  itseafyflow, 
\  the  agreeable  turn  and  conne^on  of 

paiia^es.  The  'Gipfey  foog  is  given 
xyto  movements;  both  of  which  pof* 
f  a  p leafing  vein  of  mcloily,  and  ionn 
kri^r  comssient  on  the  character  of  the 
rds. 

Trio  Concertante,  for  the  piano-forte, 
fute,  and  baflbon,  or  violoncello;  per- 
ormed  by  Mcffrs.  Maszingmx,  Moi«-> 
tA?«t,  and  Holmes,  iit  the  Nob)|ity*i 
»NTKI*Y  Ma«»  No.  >JCX|^ 


Concerts ;  compofed  and  dedicated  to  Mrs* 
Da  HI  SOT,  by  Af.  Devktuu,     3fi. 

MoVf  Alfl« 

This  trio  confifts  of  two  movements, 
the  firft  of  which  is  in  common-time,  4/- 
ii^ro  moderator  and  the  fecond  a  rondo  ia 
common-time,  alUgro  ajfau  The  open- 
ing movement  is  certainly  no  way  ftriicr 
ingi  yet  contains  many  pieaiiog  and  well 
conilni^led  pafTages;  and  the  roodo» 
though  not  particularly  eng^ngy  ii 
fmooth  and  tafy.  The  dinrdnons  aoe 
managed  with  theoretical  addrefs,  and 
the  i-etums  to  the  theme  as:  ASXttfji  a&4 
attra6live. 

A  Quintetto  for  the  piano-forte,  two  TloIinSn 

tenor,  and  TiolonccUo,  as  pciibrmed  at  tha 

Open  Concert^  compofed  and  dedicated  to^ 

Mifs  B u  L  L  la ,  by  D.  SiphtU.     51^ 

*  We  have  pcrufed  this  elejHi^t  <|^|Btfft» 

with  Angular   pl^Mte^     It   is  hi|^ly 


fini(hed  in  every  ba,r4  ^  doet  the  hig 
credit  to  the  poliihcd  fa^vcy  of  the  com- 
poier.  The  execution  is  b|-illlant,  the 
exmflioa  forcible,  and  the  porta  fo  con* 
neft  and  oftremiUesy  as  10  evince  great 
theoretical  dexterity.  The  pi^c  cow 
prizes  two  movements ;  the  JGiiit  of  which 
IS  in  commo^-thne,  aUegn  hriUumu }  an4 
die  fecond,  a  n&do  in  \f^*fi^t  the  fub-^ 
jeft  of  whkjk  ,«  pertcttiy  Mr.  Stei- 
8ELT*s*  The  whole,  hi  a  word,  fbrms 
a  compoiitioa  of  ^irft-ratetnerit,  and  re» 
fle£ts  much  honour  on  the  genlha,  fciettce^ 
and  cMitrhn^^lsc  qf  ths  ^fl^lir> 
>C  A«#t. 


376' 


ReviciV  of  New  Mujical  PuhlUationu 


A  Notturno  fortlxe  pUno  forte,  with  Accom- 
'panlKicnn  for  cbe  tIoUh  and  violoncello  i 
conipofed  by  Adalbert  Cyrowweta,     4s. 

•  Longman  and  Broderip. 
'  TW»  compofition  is  highly  elaborate, 

and  in  many  of  its  parages  fparklcs  with 
genius.  The  general  beauty  of  the 
ktding  part  has  induced  us  to  a  very 
eloTe  «3camMittion  of  the  accompaniments; 
mnd  we  find  them  conftru6led  with  great 
flcQi  and  connivance.  They  flow  dong 
wHh  their  principal  with  an  eaie  and  in- 
timacy which  proves  the  author  qualified 
to  take  every  advantage  of  which  the  in- 
g^ious  theorifl  avails  him,  without  the 
intricacy  and  abihurenefs  of  affcflcd 
karning*. 

"  Moll  of* ihe  Wad:'*  a  favourite  Iriftiair, 
with.  Variations  i    for  the  harp  or  piano- 

•  forte,  by  P.  Gardiner,  is.  Skillcra. 
'•  Mr.  Gardiner  has  given  eight  varia- 
tions to  this  air,  which  are  progrcffivc  in 
execution,  and  pleafins  in  ftyle.  They 
are  perfeftly  calculated  for  the  improve- 
ftient  of  young  fcholars/  and  lie  lo  well 
for  the  fingers  as  to  avoid  every  embar- 
raffmcnt. 

•«  When  the  Bark  cuts  the  Seas :"  a  fong  in 
the  Algerine  Corfair ; '  compofcd  by  y.  Han^ 
dtrfcn.      IS.  Riley. 

This  fong  is  an  Algerlne's  defcriptiun 
of  a  fea-battle.  The  melody,  which  in 
general  is  extremely  cliaradteriftic,  is 
much  heightened  by  the  fpirited  excel- 
lence of  the  accompaniments.  Their 
combined  effcfl  is  indeed  fo  powerful 
that  we  have  feen  few  vocal  productions 
fo  truly  theatrical  and  pifturefque.  So 
far  ab«ve  mediocrity  as  we  find  the 
^hole,  yet  we  muft  diftinguifh  tlie  paf- 
fages  and  accompanimtnts  given  to  the 
words  «•  Such  havock,  iucn  fiafhing,** 
•nd  *«  Shot  on  fliot  quickly  pourM,"  and 
which,  for  their  fire  and  vigour,  would 
equal  any  praife  we  could  give  them. 

The  Britiih  March;  as  performed  by  the 
Duke  of  York*s  band^  conipofed  and  dedi* 
•Atcd  to  the  0ukc  of  York,  by  M.  P.IGng. 
IS.  6d.  Longman  and  Broderip. 

This  march  is  publiSied  in  a  fcore  of 
thirteen  p:^rts,  and  is  given  on  ^  fepar^te 
iheet  as  adapted  for  the  piano-forte. 
Ttie  parts  are  adjuftcd  with  ikill^  and 
calculated  to  produce  a  good  effe£V ;  and 
though  the  melody  pofleSes  nothing  very 
Ikbw,  the  pafiages  flow  into  each  other 
with  fo  much  eafe  and  nature,  as  to  ren- 
der the  compofition  very  pleafine,  and 
furnifli  an  agreeable  cxcrcire  lor  the 
piano -forte. 

<«  BaraValer*  a  fong\  with  anAccompanl- 
.  Uficntfor  the  piano-forte  5  written  by  Jfibn 


J(.aniut\  compofed  by  Mr.  Rajj,  organic  of 
St.  Paul*s,  Aberdeen.     11. 

Longman  and  Broderip. 

"  Bara  Vale'"  is  one  of  the  prcttieft 
ballads  we  have  noticed  for  a  long  while. 
The  air,  which  is  fomewhat  plaintive  in 
its  ftyle,  is  uncommonly  fimple,  and  cha- 
raflerized  by  much  fweetncfs  and  ncvdty. 
The  accompaniment  is  judicioudy  con- 
firu^led,  and  the  bafs  carries  with  it  the 
hand  of  a  mafter. 
The  Cliffs,  Keys,   and  Time ;  dedicated  to 

Lady  CATHsaiNX  Wkst,  by  Mr.  £cs;r- 

ttrieder,      is.  Skillern. 

In  this  uleful  little  puVilication,  we 
find  a  table  of  all  the  cliffs,  examples  of 
the  feveral  major  and  minor  keys,  marks 
of  time,  progreflions  of  time,  and  other 
articles  highly  ferviceable  to  the  ijro  in 
mufic. 
"  Lilly  Chafte  and  Lilly  Fair  :'*  HiogbyMr. 

Di  c  N  u  M  }  compofed  by  Mr.  Mcfs.     is. 

Longman  and  Broderip. 

This  fong  is  pleafing  in  its  fubjcA, 
and  uniform  in  its  ityle.  If  we  were  to 
point  out  the  pafiages  the  lead  excellent, 
we  (hould  fele£(  them  from  the  fecond 
part.  The  relative  unifim,  which  is  M- 
denly  nitroductrd,  is  defertcd  too  haftily 
to  afford  that  relief  for  which  the  ear 
liftens  in  a  change  of  the  key,  -and  the 
notei  elven  to  **  Modeft  violet,  aifo  fly," 
are  aukward  In  theif  diftances. 

"  The  Wiflij"  a   cansonetj    compofed  by 
Jx  Ambrofi,     Js.  RHry. 

«  The  Wi/h'^  is  one  of  Mr.  Am- 
BROSE^s  mod  pleafing  and  original  pro- 
du^lions.  It  confifls  of  two  movements, 
agreeably  contrafted  j  and  the  latter  of 
which  rings  a  pretty  change ^  and  happily 
accords  with  the  fubjcft  of  the  words. 
**  The  Seaman's  Departure:*'  a  fong;  com- 
pofed by  Mr.  .^^^^n.  15.  Riley. 
This  ballad  is  fet  in  a  ftyle  charaacr- 
iftic  of  the  tar,  and  proves  that  the  ccm- 
pofer  can  accommodate  himlelf  to  general 
fubje£^s.  The  fymphony  is,  pahap»> 
fomewhat  too  elaborate  for  the  cait  of  the 
melody,  and  has  the  a\]|kwardnefs  of  con- 
taining an  odd  bar.  The  pafiage,  at  the 
words  **  Think  no  more,*'  is  particularljr 
expreflive,  and  leads  the  ear  to  the  dole 
in  a  manner  that  is  ftrongly  iqterefting. 

Young  Towlers  a  hunting  fong  foJigatdie 

theatres  royal  \  compofed  by  Mr.  iifftuVx. 

IS.  Riiit. 

"  Young  Towler"  is  a  decent  fong  in 

its  kind ;   the  mufic,  if  not  of  the  /iril 

order  of  iperit,    does  more  than  juftice 

to  the  woi^ls,  which  ijrfccd  are'  greatly 

below  mediocrity  j  we  do  not,-  we  mv^ 

confefs^  di£pover  much  of  that  i^irit  o( 

ihc 


CorreB  Ltfi  of  New  Publicattonsi 


yi^ 


the  chace  which  diftinguifhes  a  &vr  of 
our  old  bunting  airs ;  fuch,  for  infbnce, 
as  "  From  the  caft  breaks  the  morn,"  by 
Baildon;  "  Away  to  the  copfc,**  by 
Battilhail ;  and,  '/  The  echoing  horn,'* 
by  Arae ;  yet  it  muft  be  allowed  that  Mr* 
MoutDSy  in  this  little  effort  of  his 
fancy,  has  not  been  wholly  unfiiccefsful. 

The  St.  Fiorenzo :  an  air,  danced  before  their 
Majeftics,  on  board  the  St.  Fiorenzo  frii;atc, 
at  Weymouth}  arranged  as  a  rondo,  for 
the  piano-forte,  by  AT.  Kamhra.     is. 

Prcfton, 

This  dance   is    very   pleafingly  con- 

cclrcd.      The    fubjeft    is    remarkably 

pretty,   and    the  modulations  eafy  and, 

naturalt     The  return  in  the  fecond  page 


to  the  leading  bars,  through  the  medium 

of  the  original  key,  minor,  is  excellently 

managed,  and  offers  a  ftriking*  fp^clmea 

of  the  coropofer's  fcience  and.tafte, 

«  Poor  Ifabel  :**  a  ballad :  with  an  Accom« 

paniment  for  the  pbino-forte ;  compofed  by 

H^.  BiiigUyy  of  Sf.  Peter's  college,  CaBV 

bridgc.     18.  Prcftoni, 

««  Poor  rfabcl"  is  a  pleafingly  plaifltive 

little  air.     We  obfcrve  fome  marks  of 

the  inexperienced  muficianj   but  at  the 

fame  time  ftrong  fymptoms  of  tafte  an4 

genius.     The  paflage  given  to  the  word 

lot  is  ill-judged,   and.  the  bafs,   almoft 

throughout,  might  have  been  better  cho- 

fcn  5  but  the  general  caft  of  the  mplodj 

is  fmooth,  eafy,  and  interefting. 


A  CORRECT  LISTTOF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

The  follncitig  is  cffered  to  the  PuhTic  as  a  comflett  Lift  of  all  Publications  within  the  Month.-^Aiftiert 
end  Puhhjhers  who  defire  a  correH  and  early  Notice  of  their  ^ybrfli,  are  Intreated  to  tran^J^ 
:ofkt  ef  the  fame, 


ANTlq^UlTISS,  ASTKONOMY,  ChKMIS- 
TRY,  MiNEKALOGY,  NaTUKAL  HiS« 
TORY,   andTRAYKLt. 

r\ISSERTATIONS  and  Mifcellaneous 
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Trads  relating  to  Natural  Hiftory,  by 
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trt 


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The  Road  to  Roowledge,  or  Yooag  Mao 
and  Weman*s  beft  Friend,  being  a  Plan  of 
General  Ltftrudbn,  as  far  as  relates  to  the 
uicful  PurfulU  and  Purpofcs  of  LifC)  by 
GMTg^r  Staflttm,  late  Engliih  Pieceftor  at 
Paris,  and  at  BruiicU,  as.  6d.  Trefpsii. 

Remarks  on  Inland  Canals,  the  hsail 
Syftem  of  Interior  Navigatieo,  variooi  aks  ef 
the  Inclined  Plane,  Set.  by  fTdbm  Tmhtat 
IS.  Taylor. 

Survey  of  the  T«kiih  Empire,  in  uhicb 
are  conndcred  iu  government,  ftate  af  tbt 
grovinces,  frc.  The  lubjeAion  of  the  Qrctkit 
their  efilBirts  towards  eauncipation ;  and  tbt 
intereft  of  other  nations,  paiticutarly  of 
Great  Britala,  in  their  Cucce£s.  The  danger 
9€  our  quarantine  regulations,  and  maay  other 
important  particalars,  by  M^.  £iwr  ^h 
flteny  years  refideat  ia  Turkey  and  Rudiat 
•  ta.  boards.  CadsU  and  Davln. 

V«  Gregory's  Economy  of  Natace,  id  edition, 
with  confidexahla  additions,  3  vols.  8vo.  S7^ 
hoards.  >Mo* 

Coafidtfationa  addled  ta  the  Ciergyt 
ll.6d»  i^/' 


Ntw  PuhllcatUns  In  May. 


379 


The  Lajnan's  AiUreiji  to  tbe  Clergy  of 
England ;  humbly  fobmiUcd  to  the  pecuril 
9f  every  gentleman  in  the  kingdom,  by  a 
Friind  to  the  chaxrh  cftaUUkment,  Svo.   ig. 

DiUy. 

Obfcrvations  on  the  'Efk6t$  of"  Oxfgn  on 
the  Animal  and  Vegetable  Syfterot  i  with 
chemical,  phyfiological,  pathological  and  prac- 
tical remarkt ;  and  an  attempt  to  prove  why 
fone  planti  are  evergreen,  and  others  deddu* 
wf,  by  ClimtHi  Ar€b€r,  Bf(|.  M.  R.  L  A.  3s. 

Dilly. 

Aa  Addreft  to  the  People  of  Great  Britain, 
by  darft  Btirg$tf  B.  A.  xt.  Longman. 

Short  AnlmadTeiiioo  oa  the  prevailing 
Abufe  of  the  Eftabliihed  Clergy,  3d.  Longman. 

Count  Ramford*a  Eflayi,  experimental , 
political,  economical  and  philofophical,  part  2, 
iday  7,  If.  M.  Cadell  and  Davies. 

Addrefa  to  the  Yeomanry  of  Great  Britain 
•a  the  Svbjed  of  Javafion,  by  »  Staman. 

Cadell  and  Daviea. 
MCDXCIMZ  AND  sttaciav. 

Maxims  of  Health,  by  R.  SjtdrreUt  M.  D. 
ti.  Murray  and  Highley. 

Medical  Hiftoriet  and  Rcficxiont,  by  yobn 
Ferriarg  M.  D.  volume  3d.  5s.  boards. 

Cidell  and  Davies. 

Medical  Refearches,  fcIeOec)  trom  the 
papers  of  a  private  medical  aiieciation,  vol.  i. 
p^rt  I.  Cox. 

Defcription  and  Treatment  of  Cutaneous  ■ 
Difeafes,  iUuftrated  with  plates,  by  H«Urt' 
iyUia*^  M.  D.  F,  A.  S.  Part  1.  4C0.   15s. 

Johnfon. 

Obfervations  on  the  Stm^lttre,  Economy, 
andDifeaies  of  the  Foot  of  the  Horfe,  and  on 
Che  Principles  and  Piadiice  oi  Shoeing,  by 
Edvford  Coleman^  Frofeiibr  of  the  Veterinary 
College,  &c«  4C0.  t2s.  boards.         Johnfon. 

Medical  Review,  vol.  4,  from  May  1797 
to  May  179S,  los.  half-bound.  Boofey. 

Dr.  Underwood  on  the  Diforders  of  Child- 
iwod,3vols.  xamo.  tos.6d.fewed.  Matthews^ 

MILXTAXY  TACTICS,  ftC. 

The  Art  of  Defence  on  Foot^  with  the 
broad  Sword  and  Sabre :  with  Remarks  on 
the  Spadroon,  &c.  Uluitnited  with  plates, 
4<.  boards.  Egcrcon. 

Excfciic  of  the  Long  Bow  and  the  Pike,  by 
hcharJ  OJwaJd  Majon,  £fq.  3s.  6d.    Egerton. 

The  Soldier*s  Companion,  containing  in- 
ftrudikions  for  the  manuAl  excrcife,  6d.   Lane. 

Aa  Appeodix  to  the  Monthly  Army  Lift, 
coat  limug  the  Half  pay,  the  Supplementary 
■militia,  Provifional  cavalry,  the  Gentlemen 
and  Yeomanry  cavalry  and  the  Volunteer  In- 
/aocry.    17^%,  IS.    Hookham  and  Carpenter. 

yovtit. 

Laura,  or  The  Orphan,  hy  Mrs.  Bwftn, 
1  voU.  ys.  boards.  Richardibo. 

The  Step-Motber,  ft  domeftic  ule  from 
f  eal  l^e,  by  a  IMj,  2  vo\s.  7s.  boardr. 

LongaMB. 


The  Sorrows  of  Matilda',  bj  a£«^,  a  vols. 
6f.  (ewed.  Lee  and  Hurft. 

The  Caftle  of  St.  OenaU,  or  Hiftory  of 
Jack  Smith,  3  vols.  tos.  6d.  fewed. 

Lane  and  Miller. 

The  New  Monk,  3  vols.  los.  6d.  ' 

LaneandMillen 

Henry  WlUoughby,  a  vols.  7s.     Kearflcy. 

EUinor,  or  The  World  as  it  is,  hy  Afmy 
Ann  Hanway^  4  vols.  %%%,  ,    Xjine. 

The  Hiftory  of  my  Father,  or  how  it  hap. 
pened  that  I  was  Bom,  a  Romance  from  the 
German  of  Kotsebue,  3s.  6d«         Treppafa* 

Sadafki,  or  the  Wandering  Peaiteat,  a  vols, 
by  Thmas  BiUdmt^  ^  SaeL 

rotiTicAX.  acoHoicr. 

A  Sermon  preached  in  the  Church  of  War« 
mingford  and  Boxted,  on  Sunday,  April  loth, 
1798,  to  perfuade  the  Congregations  t«mrin. 
therafelvcs  into  Military  Alibciationa  for  the 
Defence  of  the  Country,  hy  H.  A,  Ingram^ 
B.  D.  6d.  Debxett. 

The  Fifth  Report  of  the  Society  for  better- 
ing the  Condition  of  the  Poor,  is.   Hatchard. 

The  Connexion  between  Indaftry  and  Pro* 
perty,  addrefied  to  the  fociety  for  bettering 
the  c6ndition  of  the  poor,  6d. 

Cadell  and  I>iviet. 

The  Speech  of  Robert  Goodloc  Harper, 
Xrq.  on  the  foreign  incercourfe  bill,  delivered 
to  the  houfe  of  reprefcntatives  of  the  Ame- 
rican States,  JVfarch  ad,  1798^  with  notes 
by  the  author,   is.  6d.  Wright. 

Letters  on  Finance  and  National  Defence, 
addrelVed  to  thofe  who  are  incllneil  to  defpond 
at  the  prcfent  pofture  of  aliain,  by  yobm 
Cbarnock,  jun.  is.  6d.  Fautder^ 

Bell's  Generiil  Tax-Regulator,  complete, 
price  IS.  and  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
purchafers  of  the  preceding  part,  tables  of  the 
new  tuxes  on  houfes,  windowj,  horfes,  Sec    « 
are  fold  fcparatrly  at  6d.  Bell,  Strand. 

Plan  for  railing  the  Supplies  during  the 
•War,  is.  Elnilley  and  Brcmner. 

A  corre^  Detail  of  the  Finances  of  this 
country,  as  reported  by  the  Secret  Com- 
mittee, including  an  account  of  theexpencee 
attending  this  war,  and  the  fcveral  remit- 
tances to  the  Emperor  of  Ocrmanv,  fire.  &c. 
To  which  is  added  an  hiftory  of  the  rife,  pro- 
f  refs,  and  prefent  ftjte  of  the  bank  of  England', 
by  Qbarles  Hales,  Efq.  Author  of  the  Bink 
Mirror,   is.  W.  TrcpjAf*. 

POLITICS. 

The  Advantages  re ful ting  from  th»  French 
Revolutior,  and  a  French  Invi6oncon1tJerel. 
Edinburgh  printed  j  London,  reprinted  fur 
Vcrnorand  Hood,  11. 

Oppofition  Dangerous,  by  Thomas  £^rr, 
B.  A.  IS.  ♦     S:3Cia)a!e. 

Profped  of  the  greet  Advantaged-  which 
•the  Common  People  of  England  are  likely  to 
gaia  by  a  fuocefstul  Inrafion  from  the  fteo^h. 
3i.  Rivlng(ea>and  tf  acchard. 

SpocuUeive  PIQure  of  Europe,  from  the 
•   Specolatjvf 


jSp 


Kiib  TubUcattons  in  May. 


French  of  Dumourinry  by  Jobn  Jofeph  Stock- 
dsUj  jun.  with  charts  ot*  Great  Bric^n,  ire- 
hod,  Franccy  Spain aod  Portugal,  2j.  6d. 

bto^Jciale. 

Thoughts  on  the  French  Invafion  of  Eng- 
land, by  DumouruTy  CranflaCed  from  the 
French,  410.   is.  6d.'  Srockdale. 

Speech  of  the  Earl  of  Clare,  Lord  High 
ChanccUor  of  Ireland,  in  the  Houfeof  l^ids 
of  Ireland,  on  a  motion  made  by  chc  £arl  of 
l^oiniy  Feb.  19,  1798,  recommending  con- 
ciliatory meafures  to  allay  difcontent  in  that 
^untry^  is.  6d.  Stoclcdale. 

The  Republican  Judge,  or  the  American 
|«iberty  of  the  Prefs,  aa  explained  and  ex- 
pofed  in  the  ^rttal  profecution  of  Williani 
Corbett  for  a  pretended  libel  againii  the  king 
Cif  Spain,  with  an  addrefs  to  the  people  of 
Bngland,  by  Ptter  Porcupingy  zi,  6d.   Wright. 

Abridgement  of  Mr.  Harper'R  Obfervationt 
on  the  Difpute  between  France  and  America, 
3d.  or  50  for  los.  6d.  Debrett. 

A  Letter  to  a  Merchant,  Member  of  the 
Houfe  of  Commons,  on  his  public  declara- 
tion thftt  he  fees  no  butine£i  Biibops  have  in 
parliament,  is.  Bell. 

Important  Documents  which  accompacied 
the  Mefljge  of  the  PrefiJent  of  the  United 
States  to  the  Congrefs,  3d  April,  179S,  re-« 
fpcdllng  the  Differences  between  France  and 
America,   is.  6d.  Wright. 

The  whole  Official  Corrcfpondence  be* 
tween  the  Envoys  of  the  American  States  and 
the  Members  of  France,  on  the  fubjedt  of 
the  Difpute  between  America  and  France,  6d. 

Stockdale. 

The  Political  Sute  of  Europe  fpecuUtively 
delineatedy  by  General  Dumcurier,  is.  6d: 

Richardfon. 

Shall  the  French  Come  or  Not  ?  Defigned 
to  ibte  to  the  common  clafTes  of  men  the  ex- 
pedtations  they  may  entertain  from  an  inva- 
fiun,  3d.  Rivingtons  and  Hatchard. 

Three  Warnings  to  John  Bull  before  he 
Dies,  It.  6d.  Faulder. 

A  Farewell  Warning  to  my  Country  before' 
die  Hour  of  Danger  4  with  the  opinion  of 
Jknmurier  on  the  ruinous  confequcnccs  to  the 
DineAory  of  a  perfevenng  and  fpirited  rcfid- 
nnce  on  the  part  of  Great  Britain,  2d. 

Hatchard. 

Political  Sute  of  Eorope  fpeculatively  de- 
linetted  in  February  1798,  by  General  Du- 
mottritr  i  illuftrated  with  a  map  of  Europe^ 
IS.  6d.  H.  D.  Symonds. 

Peace  in  onr  Power  upon  Terms  not  Un* 
reafonable,  by  CharUt  Buning^  Efq.   is. 

Cadell  and  Davies. 

New  Lights  on  Jacobinifm,  ablhadted  from 
Robifon^s  Proofs  of  Confpiracy,  &c.  &c.  is. 

Longman. 

Jacobimfm  Dlfplayed,  in  an  addrefs  to  the 
people  of  Eoglaad,  is.  Longman* 

FOITRT. 

Effufions  of  the  Heart  j  poomq  by  Mifs 
StockdnU,  5s.  boards.  Stockdale. 


Cliaucer's  Canterbury  Tales,  by  the  lite 
ThoMas  Tyrwhitt,  Efq.  F.  R.  S.  a  new  edition 
from  the  Clarendon  pref>,  2  voU.  4to.  iL  iS*. 
fraall  papery  board>-«large  paper,  4I.  83. 

ElmAey  and  Bremner. 

The  Garden,  a  poem  from  the  French  of* 
th£:  Aobc  de  ZiAV.  Illuftrated  with  cngrav* 
ings  by  Bartolozzi«  4to.  15s.  Robfon, 

Poems  by  Wm.  Cowper,  a  new  edition, 
with  additions,  embcllifhcd  with  plates, 
2  vols,  fmall  8vo.  14s.  Johnfon. 

Henry  and  Acafto,' a  moral  talc,  with 
platcay  by  the  Rev.  BrisM  Bill,  5s.  boardi. 

Stockdale. 

Obcion,  a  poem  from  the  German  of  fVu- 

Candy  by  IVm,  £otbcliy,  Efq.  2  vols.  las.  boards. 

Cadell  and  Davies. 

Mitriculatlony  a  poem,  is.  6d. 

Cadell  and  Davies. 

Joan  of  Arc,  by  Rohtirt  Sautbtjy  2  vols.  J2i. 
boards.  ( I  zmo  edition^  Longman.^ 

An  Epiftle  in  Rhyme  to  M.  O.  Lewis,  Efq. 
M.  P   Author  of  the  Monky  &c.   is.    Lunn. 

Malvern  Hills,  a  poem  by  Jofcph  Cottle, 
2$.  6d.  Longman^ 

Puraphrafeof  the  Me/Tuh,  6d.  Rivirgtoa. 

THIOLOCr. 

CredibUity  of  Chriftianity  Vindicated,  m 
Anfwer  to  Mr.  Hume^s  Obje£lions,  in  two 
difcourfcs  preached  before  the  Univerfity  ul 
Cambridge,  by  the  Rev.  5.  fOa  r,  A.  M. 
F.  R.  S.  IS.  ElmOey  and  Bremacr* 

A  new  and  full  Method  of  viewing  the 

Canonical  Authority  of  the  New  Teftament, 

by  the  Rev.  Jerermah  Jones,     A  new  editioa 

from  the  Clarendon  Prefs,  3  vols.  16s.  boards. 

Elni/ley  amd  Bremner. 

The  Divine  Government,  a  Ground  of  Re> 
joicing  at  all  Times ;  and  the  Tears  of  Eng- 
land, or  a  Word  in  Seafon  to  the  People; 
two  fcrmons  by  /f.  Humf^  vicar  of  Deben- 
^am,  Suffolk,  is.  6d.  Chapman. 

ReAe£iion8  in   this  Seafon   of  Danger,  a 
fermon  preached  at  Clapham,  April  179S,  by 
John  Vtnnf  M.  A.  re^r  of  Clapham^  6d. 
Rivingtoos. 

Remarks  on  the  Signs  of  the  Times,  by 
Edivard  Kingy  Efq.  F.  R.  S.  A.  S.  4to.  2s.  6d. 

NicoU 

A  Sermon  preached  at  the  Afyl<un»  15th 
March  1798,  dedicated  to  the  guardians  dt 
that  charity,  by  /^.L.  Fancoiirty  is.  Rivingtons. 

Sermons  on  Important  Suhjeds,  by  J-'-tM 
Toutigy  D.  D.  miniller  of  the  Gofpel  at  Har- 
wich, 3  parts,  IS  boards.     Vernor  and  Hood. 

Sermons,  by  /.  B.  MiiJpUoHy  bifliop  of 
Clermont,  3  vols.  iSs.  boards.  Ogilvy  and  Son. 

Sermons  by  the  late  Rev.  David  Jtardan, 
of  Bathy  2  vols.  145.  boards. 

Longman  and  Johnfos. 

A  Sermon,  preached  at  Lambeth  Chjpel, 
on  Sunday,  March  4,  1 798.  at  the  Confe- 
cration  of  the  Lord  Bi(hop  ef  Chicefter*  ^ 
Jcin  StaflttMf  D.  D.  is.  Robfoft. 

The 


NiW  PulUcatiom  in  May Difeafes. 


3««' 


The  Fall  of  Papal  Rome,  in  a  difcourfe  by 
tlicRev.  CharUt  Dauhat^,  L.  L.  B.  li. 

Cadell  and  Davies. 

Arguments  illuftrative  of  the  Credibility 
aod  Truth  of  the  Chriftian  Religion,  adapted 
to  the  plaineft  underftanding,  is.  6d.    Dilly. 

An  Help  to  Divine  Communion ,  confiding 
•f  hymns,  poems,  and  difcourfes,  on  feveral 
fubjedtsy  by  the  late  Rev.  Joim  Lafiey,  A.  B. 
rcfturof  Morlcigh,  Devonihire,  is.  Trcppafs. 

tn^nimity  the  bcft  Defence  of  Religious 
and  Civil  JLiberty,  a  fermon  preached  at  St. 
Andrews,  Molborn,  a9th  April,  1798,  by 
licnry  George  fTiiilutts^  A.  M.  pd.     Aoderfon. 

Apology  for  Brotherly  Love,  and  for  the 
Doctrines  of  the  Church  of  England,  in  let- 
ters to  the  Rev.  Charles  Diubeny  5  with  a 
vindication  of  fuch  parts  of  Mr.  Wilberforce*s 
Praftical  View,  as  have  been  objected  to  by 
Mr.  Daobeny,  in  his  Ouide  to  the  Church, 
by  Sir  Richard  Hdl,  Bart.  55.  boards. 

CadcU  and  Davres. 
A  Sermon  on  the  Prcfervarion  of  Integrity, 
\y  Jjmn  John/on f  Efq.  author  of  a  fcrious 
Addrefs  to  the  People  of  England,  is. 

Longman. 

A  Seledion  from  Barrow's  Sermons,   i  voL 

8vo.  Elmflcy  and  Bremner. 


An  Appeal  to  the  Nation  on  the  Subjeft 
of  Matufield's  Letter  toWilbcrforcc,  to  which 
are  added  four  Sermons,  on  important  fub-  ' 
jefts,  by  G.  Jfuttcn,  38.  Longman. 

Sturm's    Rcfleaiont    abridged,     by  Joim  ' 
Hemet,  A.  M.  12 mo.  5s.         Lee  and  Hurft.  * 

A  Pi^ure  of  Chriftian  Philofophy,  or  aa 
lUuftration  of  the  CharaAer  of  Jefus,  in 
which  the  genuine  chriftian  temper  is  ۥȥ 
trafted  with  the  benevolent  fyftera  maintain- 
ed by  Mr.  Godwin,  and  with  the  view  of 
chriftianity  by  William  Wilberforcc,  Efq. 
by  Robert  Fellowts,  A.  B.  as.  6d.    ^      White. 

The  Danger  of  Lulcewarmnefs  in  Religion 
coniidered,  and  applit;d  to  the  prefent  State 
of  the  Country:  a  fermon  preached  at  the 
Odbgon  Chapel,  Bath,  a9th  April,  179S, 
by  7.  Gardiner t  D.  D.  Rcftor  of  Brailsford, 
IS.  Rivingtoni. 

Short  Account  of  the  Mofaic  Hiftory  of  the 
Creation,  by  miligmH^rigbte^  M.A.F.  A.S. 
Kc£lor  of  Wichling.  Rivingtons. 

ITALIAN. 

Eleonora,  Novelle  Morale,  fcritta  fulU 
traccia  d'un  Poemctto  Inglefe  tradotto  dal 
Tedflfce,  di  Mrs,  Taylor^  as. 

Elmfiey  and  Bremner, 


ACCOUNT  OF  DISEASES  IN  LONDON," 

From  the  ^otb  of  April  t$  the  lotb  of  May, 


ACUTE  DISEASES. 

No, 
PERIPNEUMONIA  NOTHA 

Inflammatory  Sore  Throat 
Typhus  Mitior 
Ephemera 
Meafles  v 

Small  Pox 

CHRONIC  DISEASES. 
Dyfpnaa 

Cough  -  -     • 

Cough  and  Dyfpncea         ^ 
Hxmopryfit         -  • 

Pulmonary  Confumptios 
Pieurodyne        -      * 
Afcitea  -  -     '  ■ 

Aoafarca  -*  *« 

Cephalalgia 
Fluor  Albus 

Amenorrhoea         -  - 

Chlorolis  « 

Hepatitis  Chronica* 
Dyipepfia 

Enterodynia         •  •       * , 

Procidentia  Vagina 
Diarrhan  -  ^ 

Hxmorrhois        -  - 

Dyfuria 

Icterus  •  ^ 

HypochondriafU  ^  - 

Kyftcila        m   .  « 

V'ertijjo  w 

Herpes         .  •  « 

Pine  I  ^    , 

whronlc  Rhcumstlfm  « 


ofCaJtu 

3 
a 

3 
4 
3 
4 

3 
S 

17 
3 
5 
4 
3 
S 
7 
3 
7 
4 
3 
7 
4 
% 

3 
5 

7 
4 
» 

3 

7 
5 

a 

[         8 


PUERPERAL  DISEASES. 

Ephemeta         •>  -               *          x 

Mammary  Abfcefs  *                -          a 

Rhagaa  Papilla  -                  .3 

Maftodyoia                 -  •          a 

INFANTILE  DISEASES. 

Aphthx            -  -                -          4 

Worms         -             »  -                  -           3 

Convuliions           -  -                -          4 

Hooping  Cough  -                -5 

The  fubjeft  of  the  following  report  be» 
ing  very  well  known,  and  the  circum- 
fiances  of  the  caic^  having  pafTcd  under  the 
eye  of  ftvcial  medical  gentlemen,  wc 
ihall  affix  his  name  to  It. 

Mr.  Warner,  apotliccary,  in  Fore- 
i^reet,  on  Feb,  az,  1797,  after  an  attend* 
ance  of  a  few  days  on  a  patient,  who  died 
of  a  malignant  fever,  was  fuddenly  felzed 
with  a  vertiginous  afFeftion  of  the  head, 
accompanied  with  (icknefs  at  the  fto* 
mach,  and  followed  by  violent  vomiting, 
Thefe  fymptoms  were  fucceedcd  by  a 
fever  j  during  the  continuance  of  which, 
confiderable  pain  was  felt  ia  the  region  of 
the  abdomen,  particularly  about  tne  left 
bypochondrium  \  and,  in  a  few  daye  aitef 
the  abatement  of  tlve  fever,  lymptoma  of 
jaundice  appeared.  The  tunica  conjunc- 
tiva of  the  eye,  and  the  whole  furface  of 
the  body  became  of  a  very  deep  yellow; 
colour ;  the  ilools  were  of  2^  clay-like  ap^ 
pearaacej  aad  the  \u-Iac  was  very  much 


jto 


DiJiaJh....Pui£c  Jffitiru 


kept  open  by  aloes,  rhubarb, 
Difcrcnt  bitten  ittre  era- 


Hspmnatod  fMi  biley  depofiting  at  tinei 
a  cooBdcrable  redimeiit.  There  was  a 
Ibife  of  pain  and  ftrifture  about  the  pr9e- 
cordia,  accompanied  with  a  confiderable 
degree  of  tenfion  of  the  abdomen :  and 
the  pain  in  the  left  hypochondrium  fre- 
avtntlf  vetorned*  The  breathing  was 
KMteUflMf  very-  anich  aiSefled :  the  heat 
of  tiie  ikm  waa  iacreaftd  ami  fcconded  by 
a  defijuamation  of  the  cuticle,  and  iuch  a 
dtptt  of  ttchattg  at  proved  rery  trouble- 
ibme.  The  ftate  ot  the  puife  was  not 
wnch  affe^led  at  any  ftage  of  the  diftafe^ 
Thefe  fymptoms  continued  for  leveral 
iDonths,  attended  with  great  languor  and 
dcbUItyy  an  indifpofition  to  motion,  to. 
gether  with  conTiderable  anxiety  of  mind. 

As  in  the  courfe  of  the  difeale  a  variety 
of  fymptoms  occurred,  lb  dilFerent  medi- 
cines were  employed,  according  to  the 
different  cifcumfiances  of  the  cafe.  The 
bowels 
and  foap. 

ployed:  genttaa  and  colurobo  were  fre- 
ijucmly  nftd.  Myrrti  and  ftee!  were 
taken  with  a  yicw  to  their  tonic  elRfft, 
and  for  the  mitigation  of  pain,  opium  was 
repeatedly  adminiftered. 

Calomel  was  frequently  nfed,  but  the 
ftate  of  the  bowels  fometimes  rendering 
the  nfe  of  it  improper,  mercurial  fric- 
tions were  rubfUtutcd  in  Its  room.  • 

After  the  uie  of  various  medicines, 
without  any  important  advantage  being 
produced,  the  mtrous  add  was  taken  in 
the  quantity  of  a  dram  every  day.  Dur- 
ing the  ufe  of  theic  medicines,  the  various 
fymptoms « gradually  abated  t  the  yellow 
colour  of  the  eye  and  of  the  ikin  grew 
fainter  $  tlie  tendon  of  the  abdomen  di- 
minlfhctl;  the  pain  and  ftri^ure  about 
the  praBcordia  abated ;  the  ftrcngth  gra- 
dually returned,  and  the  appeute  was 
much  improved.  No  inconvenience  arofe 
.  to  the  ftoroach  or  bowels  from  the  ufe  of 
the  acid,  till  after  it  had  been  taken  for 
ibme  weeks,  when  the  patient  ftlt  a 
pain  in  his  fiomach  |  for  the  relief  of 


thit  circumfhmce,  it  is  equally  neeeflary 
to  obierve,  that  tlli  finall  mumtity  of  the 
kali  taken  can  hanlly  aili^  the  conch- 
fion  which  may  be  drawn  rerpcdin|r  tfat 
advantage  of  the  nitrous  acid  in  this  in- 
ftance. 

T^s  report  will  probably  bring  to  the 
recolleftion  of  the  medical  reader,  the 
cxperimeott  of  Mr.  Wm.  Scott,  of 
Bombay,  and  the  eeoclofion  vriiich  he 
draws  concerning  the  effect  of  the  nitrofas 
acid  on  the  refiaons  baib  of  the  bile,  and 
the  reloDblance  of  the  effefts  of  this  medi- 
cine to  thoie  which  generafly  occur  in  the 
ufe  of  mercurials. 
The  Deaths  in  the  BOli  of  Mortality  for 

the  laft  four  weeks,  are  ftatedas  follow: 
Abfcefs  .  .  -        s 

Abortive  • 

Aged  •  • 

Apoplexy         •  w 

Afthma         •  « 

Bleeding  • 

Bed-ridden  • 

Braia  Fever 
Cancer  *• 

Child-bed 

ConfaoiptioA        «  • 

Convuluoas 
Croup 

Dropfy  -  ^ 

Fever 

French  Poa 
Gout 

Gravel  « 

Grief 

Heoping  Cough 
Jaundice  -  » 

Inflammation         « 
Liver-growa  • 

Lunatic .  •  « 

Meafles.  <*     .       - 

Mortification  w 

Palfy 

Pleurify.  • 

Rickets  •  * 

Rapture 

Small  Pox  •  « 

St.  Anthony*6  Fire 
Still-born 


*^k"u     iT    /T     7  .         r  .    . .     Suddenly  .    . 

which,  he    took  a  few  grains  of  kali    Xccth 

preparatum,  and  repeated  the  dofc  twice    thnifli 

or  thrice   in    the  courie  of  the  week.     Water  in  the  Head 

Whilft  it  was  jud^d  proper  to  mention    Worms 

PUBLIC 


4 
75 

3 
t 
1 
( 
II 

307 

7 

I 

I 
30 

4 
39 

I 

4 

1 
I 
1 

I 
33 

lo 
36 

4 
5 

I 


PTAT£    OF 

In  Mavy 

GN  the  a  ad  of  April,  the  Duke  of 
Ported  prefented  a  melTage  from 
his  IMfajefty,  to  the  Houfe  of  Loftisj  ac*. 
^ua^Tng  t&ir  Xordfttes,  that  Ireland 
reqtdrtd  peamiary  aififtance,  therefore 
reeommendiiij  a  loan  of  s, 000,000,  for 
Vhich  *e  lri&  were  to  paj  the  intfircfty 


AFFAIRS, 

Great  BtiTAiir. 
On  the  fiimeday,  the  ChaneeUoroftde 
Szchecper,  in  a  Commtttee  of  Sopphr* 
fbied,  that  it  would  be  nectilafy,  forn^ 
(enrices  of  the  current  year,  ••  pro^We 
a  final]  augmastion  of  our  fea  iMtet,  ta 
meet  tht  taipackt  idkiek  tsktnm^wj 


StaU  of  Public  Affalru 


3^3 


10,043 
1 3 ,000 

1 2, coo 
3,000 


16  4 
o  o 

o  o 

O  Q 


event*  Wight  rtndcr  inevitable*  .  To^he 
prcfcut  number  he  propoitd  to  add  10,000 
mefli  making  a  total  of  1 20,000  men  for 
tly  Tci-vicc  of  the  p!  efcnt  ycartJ    He  ob- 
I'crved,  that  though  the  vctc  of  that  night 
went  to  j-equirc  an  addition  of  10,000  men, 
yet,  as -the  exigency  of  iaft  year  rendered 
it  neceflary  to  employ  6700  men  in  addi- 
tion to  the  number  of  110,000  already 
«tnployed,  it  would  only  be  necelTary  to 
railii  ibmething    lefs  than   4000   more, 
which  would  ett«;£lually  anfwer  every  pur- 
pofe.     He  then    moved,   that    there  be 
granted  to  his  Majefty,  to  defray  the  ex- 
iraordinaries  of  the   army  for  the  year^ 
i;97,  the  fum  or  x,35J>39it  19s.  3d.; 
the  fum  of  70,000!.  for  10,000  extra  fea- 
men  and  majines,  at  7).  per  man  per  year. 

X^  tkc  Governor  and  Com- 
pany of  the  Bank,  for  fa  jnuch  t 
fupplicd  by  them  to  the  com- 
luiifioncrs   for   liquidating  th« 
national  debt                 -             xoo>ooo    o  o 

Money  advanced  in  confe- 
qucn:c  of  addreffes  o^  that 
hojlc,  4«id  not  then  provided 
for 

To  the  AfricaQ  complny 

To  nicrchantf  trading  to  the 
Ifcvant 

To  the  Critiih  mufeum 

For  putcing  the  Alien  aft  in- 
to execution        •»  2,600    o  o 

On  the  25  th  of  April,  in  a  cc«nmittec 
)f  fvjpply,  the  Sccrctaiy  at  War  prc- 
tnted  I'everal  accounts  of  the  army  efti-. 
nates,  amouAting,  in  the  whole,  to 
^i7o6,776l.  6s.  4id.  which  fuih  was 
'oted -accordingly. 

The  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequ/er,  on 
he  lame  day,  brought  up  his  fecond 
udget  for  the  current  year.  By  this 
udget  he  added  nearly  three  millions  to 
he  expences  of  tlie  year  above  what  he 
ilculited  when  he  opened  his  6rii  bud- 
et  in  November  lalt.  This  excefs  he 
a  ted  to  be  occaiioned  chiefly  by  the  ad- 
itional  exertions,  which  the  continued 
reparations  and  increafed  aflivity  of  the 
icmy  had  rendered  unavoidable.  The 
hole  amount  of  the  fupplics  for  the  pre- 
nt  year,  he  ftated  at  28,490,391!. 
lie  total  of  the  ways  and  means,  at 
5,450,0001.  Hence  arole  a  deficit  of 
>,ocol.  for  which  Mr.  Pitt  had  .not 
ide  any  provifion. 

Suiimiary  of  the  fuppliet,  according  to 
c  tivo  budgets''. 

»  See  the  ^te«icRt  of  th^  firft  budget,  in 
r  M a g'^zlu0i^  fof  peceqaber  lail,-  VqI.  .Iv^ 
;b  4-80.       -        ,    .     .  -^    .    . 


Navy.— By  the  firft  budget,  i» 

November  .  12,$3X,S8Y 

Bythefecond,  in  Aprils  910,000 


Total  for  the  navy 

I3,4t8,«8» 

Army.— Stated  in  Nov.  at 

10,111,950 

Added  in  April 

».744i*36S 

Ordnance.— Stated  in  Nov.  at 

i>29UOSt 

Added  in  April 

i»,S4» 

'MifccUaneous  fervice.-^uted 

J 

in  Novembo'  at 

675,000 

Added  in  April 

7,6o» 

Forthe  difcharge  of  the  na» 

tional  debt 

tOCfOTO 

Total  of  the  fupplles  28,490,391 
The  principal  variation  which  appeared 
in  the  two  budgets,  in  the  ftatemcnt  of  tlie 
ways  and  means  tor  the  year  1798,  wat 
in  the  aiiicle  oi  the  aflefted  taxes,  which 
the  minifter  had  eftimated,  In  Novembet't 
at  ft-^en  miUmf,  but  from  the  various 
modifications  which  bad  been  made,  ii| 
what  was  called  the  Treble  AiTc/nnent  bill, 
he  ftated  them  in  April  at  the  fujn  of/iicr 
Ptiiiions  ^nJ  a  half  I  / 

Summary  of  thr  ways  and  meant  fo^ 
thej'ear  1798. 

Annual  produce  of  the  land  and 

malt  -  -  »,75o,oo^ 

Voluntary  contribution!  1,500,000 

The  affeHcd  taxes  •  4,500^06^ 

A  duty  upon  imports  and  ex* 
ports,  which  Mr.  Pitt  fwp- 
pofed  would  be  laved  to  tht 
merchant,  by  a  diminution 
of  the  prcfcnt  isfurance,  in 
confequcncc  of  regulations  t» 
be  made  refpcCting  the  f.ul- 
ing  of  convoys  -  2,500,000 

Advances  by  the  Bank  on  Ex- 

chc(}uer  bills  -  3,00<^eo9 

The   loaAy,  excluitve  of  two 

mlHl^iis /or  Ireland  15,000,000 

The  lottcr/  -  aoo,ooo 

Ways  and  Means  2^,450,000 

Meflrs.   Boyd   and   Co.    being    th« 

Icwelt  bidders  on  the  annuity,  were  tbtf 

purchaftrs  of  the  loan,  the  terms  of  which 

were  as  follow:  viz. 

For  every  lool.  fubfcribed,  thefubfcriberto 
hivefscl  of  confols,  at48^valuc^7a  15     CI 
50  of  reduced,  3147*  value  t3  15     • 
4s.  I  id.  long  annuities  at 

IS  yoars  3     3  M 

Difcount  •  30a 

■     I  ^    '  ,■  la^ 
101'  13  tt  ' 

A*  eight  millions  of  tbejoan.  witt 
mortgaged  on  the  g^u^l  pi^iicc  of  the 
inci^aiedaircflc4>ts^)m^  tjw  pa»»(M^4d«  . 

%D        .      ....       ;     ' ,  fUufik  . 


ff9 


2few'yuhHcdti0m  h  May. 


A  wm  leilian  Onmiiiir»  on  a  plan  dUfer- 
tet  t»  lAy  hiiheito  pttbltihed^  by  GmUam 
JUnmuknit  UU  teUhtt  of  Ungntfei  at  Na- 
ples. «^6i*  Robinfont. 

MoraTPhilolbphy  mi  Loglc^  Mapte4  to 
tlw  capKttiM  of  youth,  by  the  Ute  it.  GUlatt 
f  rice  IS.  64,      I  SiaU 

Syntax  ^  the  LUib  Terbt,  deligiied  for 
^  uic  of  ftu4titt,  by  SgimelSjer^  M.  A. 
SvjN  |l«  botrda.  Cadell  and  Davtei. 

Relediottt  for  every  day  in  th«  year,  by 
Sturmf  abridsc4  and  tnnfiated  by  J.  Hmet^ 
JL  M.  iifloo.  51.  Lee  and  Hurft. 

X.AW. 

ifewLtwLUI,  withcorreft  uMes,  &c,^by 

jAn  Bughu^cf^t  fiamp  office,  2s.  6d.  fewcd. 

Clarke  and  Son. 

The  Law  of  Mortsafet ,  with  fcientific  pre- 
cedenti,  hf  EHwa^CoUfrtlmei,  of  GrayV 
inn,  5t.  boards.  Clarke  and  Son. 

ThePradice  of  the  Court  of  King*t  Bench 
foFerfonsl  Anions,  part  x,  id  edit,  correded 
aad  enlarged,  by  miLm  TM^  £fq.  7s. 

Batterworth. 

DorhlbrdoftdEaft's  Reports  of  Cafes  in  the 
4bii?t'of  Kixif*yBench,  in  Hilary  term,  1798, 
^.  Btttterworth. 

Jaw  Chart,  \j  BarHandf  price  6s. 

Buttcrworth  and  Clarke. 

UAVtf   VLAItS,   ANP   VBXNTS. 

A  new  Map  of  England  and  Wales,  with 
the  ibuthem  pait  bf  ScotUnd^  on  which  are 
•cciifately  laid  daws  the  turnpike  toads,  and 
prflKalpal  towns^  park**  rivers  and  oaoais, 
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A  hrgt  Flsa  of  the^  Cbafts  of  England, 
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MISClLLAMtmS. 

.  A  complete  and  uniliarm  edition  of  the 
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Robinionfl. 
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Impartial  Stri6hir«  on  the  Poem  called 
**  Porfuits  of  Literature,**  and  a  Vindicatioa 
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uicful  PurfuiU  and  Purpofes  of  Life,  hj 
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IS.  -rM^ 

Sorvey  of  the  Turk irtti  Eippire^-hiw^ 
are  conlliJeied   itj  ^artfunimti  ft^T- 
gr&v m c fi ; ,  &c.  1  he  tubj c^on of  t li 

imert:tt    tj    Bther 

GrciE  Bfiuia,  in  thiir. 

of  OUT  quiriniine  r^fuUtlQ^ft^  «ie4 

impoTtar.t    purticTAlaw,    _by 

WBuixy  yo4ij  idjdent   IQ 

\^  Crrj5  jfv'j  Econaay 
with  ^wmUi^T^bif  odd 

Citiiutsratioai 


\ 


atioai  dp 


ll 


State  if  Public  Jffftlrs.^^ 


3^S 


riwge  to.  the  harbour,   bafon,  Sec,    At, 

tv.civc  o^dQck',  *hy\vtver,  the  French 
p'  uivd  in  gieivt  iiuinbcrN  upon  the  invad- 
er^, ait'I  the  wind  at  the  lame  time  be- 
c'j:iiing  iinfavouri,bk,..io  Is  to  prevent 
ti.cir  lehiibiik-hig,  they  were  all  com*j 
p.; led  to  iurrendt-r  prilbuLr:;  of  war,  to 
the  number  of  about  fifteen  hundred  ineii,^ 
a::ri  having  had  about  one  hundred  kilkd 
and  as  many  wcVtmTedi 

:.•  .  FRANCE. 
In  the  Council  of.Fivc  Hundred,  on 
til"  12th  of  .^•\pril»  , Citizen  Eschasse-' 
RiAV-X  the  elder. made  a  long  and  tdabo- 
r^tc  rpoit" upon  the  fubjci^lof  coloniza- 
tion, in  which  he  pointed  out  the  rife  and 
piogrJsbf  It., from  ancient  to  modern 
tirncc! ;  as  tic  proceedciJ,  he  urged  the  be- 
r  n:^  which  mankijid  nad  repeated  from 
colonization,  and  pointed  out  the  places 
vVich  late  dilcoVenes.  had, laid  open  for 
future  exertions  of  thi-^  kind.  He  dc- 
rirlbcd  fegypt  as  Inhabited  by  haU*  civi- 
lized tribes,  fan)OMs  for  its  fertility,  and 
a^  a  place  vyhicli,  iijdulby  mieht  rcftore  to 
a  healthful  tenipeVature,  and  to  the  culti- 
Y.ulon  of  .the.  molt  valuable  produclions.j 
fcparatcd  only  frpm  ^he  ntw  acquifition 
oi  Fraiicc^hv  ^  n»n*ow  fea,  *<  Can  there 
be,"  £iid  EscHASSERiAUX^  "a. more 
luitableenterprizcfor  a.nation,  which  has 
akady  ^V£n  liberty  to  Europe^' and 
cmancipatcd'Ainerica>than  to  connpletely 
rcgcnoaxe  a  country,. which  was  the  firit 
thraiie  of  ^clviljzati^n  UQ  the  univcrfe  i  to 
Call  back  the  fcieaces,  iuduftiy,  and  the 
airs,  to  the  placc'bf  their  maturity,  and 
to  fiy  the  fountla^ulon  of  a  new  Thbcs.^ 
c:  another  MamphisJ]''^  .He 'on tended  that 
RjlFn,  in  eltabirn^ing  coioniv'S  upon  the 
Black  fca,  let  a  proper  txumple  to  the 
Fiejich  republic, .to, form  funilar  elVsibiiih- 
r.^nii  iu  Alia, and  Africa,  pajticulai'Iy 
i  u.  quaiter,  which  would  render  her 
A. Malic  ifiand^of  iiich  vnlue  andisnport- 
^ice.     After  having  pointed  out  at  great 

'  .Ci-.^LtLc  writer  toalVcrt,  thai  the  blow  log 
c  '  of  v/ciks  at  O lie i» J  would  intenupi  the 
>-  nir.u  u.ation  between  HolhjiJ,  ri.mc*:, 
r  :  Fl  t'.if  rs  '  It:  will  appv 'r,  on  the  fllj^l^- 
'  "^  j'V.i-rMcr,  of  ihc  a»up,  ilvt  thecinal  which 
ru-':  :i<)fh'n*1  i:-  j)ut  a  t:ullr<i?r.<l  bran'.h  of  the 
T'  '^i  ri-'-i-JcVT  c.^n;!,  v.'bicii  do?*;  not  appro  ich 
ri  rcr  th'jn  64  rnilt'S  ofOlkcnd,  and  confc- 
«'!•  n:ly  cfi^irj'Txi  i.n  no  rer^u-tt  injured  by  t\\€ 
bl  '.vin^nipriie  flo^i  tfdtcs  at  the  termtrunicn 
c;  the  colliitcral  b/ancii.  Vcflcls.  p.imijg 
^^■'-'■11  the.  .&»nd  trunk,  fioni  Bruj^e.  to 
K)cjj>vrt  and  Uunkirk,  do  not  .»j)nM.icli  near- 
f?  t>  pi'^ftj  ii*ua  ac  the  point  -jr'  juntlioni 
\^l.".ch,  ji  b2lo.1i  itatcl,  ij  fix  rrvU';  diiUaS.. 
'*''-•  r;.'al  o'^jtQ  of  thi*  expedition  apprurs, 
t'.Cictjrc,  to  be  ftill  involvsi  in  myftcry. 


length  the  adranta^es  of  colonization,,  he 
oblerved,  tha't  a  colony  ought  not  to  be 
foimed  by  the  traniinigration  of  a  great 
part  of  a  nation.  The  expuJfion  of  the 
Xloors,  and  the  revocation  of  tlie  t  dift  of 
Nantz,  proved  how  much  too  great  ai\ 
^migration  tended  to  enfeeble  ^  country. 
^*  What  kind  x)f  government  mull  tliat 
be,''  faid  he,  "  which  always  depopu- 
lates the  ftate  in  order  lo  tranquillize  it  /'*■ 

The  Executive  Dfre£>ory,  on  the  9th 
of  May,  aflembied  in  order  to  decide  by- 
lot,  conformably  to  the  conftitutioiv 
which  of  them  fliould  quit  that  important 
ofHce.  The  necefTary  balls  were  prepared 
with  great  Ibleinnity,  and  the  lot  tell  upon 
Francois  pe.N^'ufchateau  to  leavQ 
the  DIre«51ory.  Upon  this  decifion  being 
announced,  Gen.  Berthier,  Threil- 
HARD,  Talleyrand,  and  Cam- 
B  ACE  res,  became  candidates  for  thcVak- 
cant  feat. 

The  great  bufinefs  of  the  eleflions  wa3 
fin iihed  about  tile,  end  of  April,  and  on 
the  fecond  of  M^ay  the  Direiflory  fent  a 
mcflag;;  to  the  Council  of  Five  Hundredf 
upon  this  fubje6l.  ^fter  enumerating 
tl>e  vaiious  clTjrts  which  the  eneinies  of 
the  republic  had  made  upon  fimilacocca- 
(Ions,  to  introduce  royalilh  and  anarchiftj^ 
mto  the  legillatiVcaUemblies,  themcffage 
afferts,  **  thai  if  ever. there  were  a  period 
in  which  the  republic  might  appear  fupe-? 
rior  to  the  perfidious  hopes  fo  often, con- 
ceived for  its  dellruiflion,  and  (o  oftcndiA 
appointetlf  it  would  be  when,  triumpliant 
without,  and  feated  upon  the  innumera- 
ble trophies  which  (lie  has  gained,  (he 
reckons  almoll  as  ipa'ny  vi6lories  as  fol- 
diers.  Yet  notwiihllanding  this,  there 
does  exift  an  anarchical  confpiracy  to 
make  the  primary  and  eleftoral  ademblies 
the  nurferies  olf  future  plots/V  The  Di-, 
rectory  next  proceeded  to  ftate  the  r^vty^l 
o^  anarchy  from  the  re-eftablifhinent  of 
conllitutional  circles  j  they  particularly 
point  out  Stratlburgh,  Perpigiijii,  La 
Sarche,  Metz,  Vermoul,  and  Paris,  a« 
places  where  the  elections  were  influcncfi 
by  the  intrigues  of  the  anarchiils.  Thi^ 
ineflagc  concludes  with  hoping,  that  the 
council  will  not  permit  men  loaded  with 
every  crime  to  fit  in  the  koiiLiturtr  j  and 
that  thv.'y  would  mark  with  rcprobitiou- 
Ihoi'e  imimous  chQice^,  equally  deroga- 
tory ho<n  the  dignity  of  tlie  republic  aad. 
their  ov.n  independence. 

A  committee  wa-;  appointed  to  ntuke  2^ 
rcpciL  upon  this  mefTi^e i  on  the  7th  of. 
May  a  report  was  accordingly  made  and, 
brought  up.  It  ftated  thcnccefCty  of  ex-r 
cl.idliig  from  the  Itgiflarure  the  partizans 
of  the  two  ^rcat  pfi^rties  which  agitated 


38*- 


Sritt  9f  PubUc  Affain. 


Ae  republic,  fhe  anarcWftsaiu!  the  royal- 
iftl.  The  reporter  moved  a  plan  cofttain- 
\^%  eighty-eight  articles ;  the  firft  of 
which  was  to  annul  all  the  decifions  tliat 
had  been  pronounced  on  individual  elec- 
tion cafes,  in  fo  far  as  they  were  incon- 
^ftent  with  the  new  difpofition  to  be 
adonted. 

Th«  other  part  of  the  plan  went  to  ra- 
lidate,  or  invalidate  partially,  the  opera- 
dons  of  the  diiFerenc  electoral  aflemblies 
of  the  republic,  by  rejefting  membtrs  of 
the  fame  deputation,  thofe  whofc  eleftiott 
va§  afcribed  to  intrigue  and  the  fpirit  of 
iiaion. 

General  JovRDAif  moft  juftly  confix 
icred  the  plan  as  hoftile  to  the  fovereignty 
©f  the  people,  and  to  the  ftecdom  of  the 
conlVitution.  Before  the  council  took  upon 
itfelftoa^as  a  national  iury,  the  exift- 
tnce  (rf  the  confpiracy  ousrht  to  be  proved • 
Bo u CHIN  andJuisoT  ^ke  onttiefame 
ftdt»  and  oppoicd  a  general  profcriptiot]. 

Aut>ouxi9  contended,  that  the  mterelt 
V  individualft  mu(^  yield  to  that  of  the 
Aate,  and  that  the  meafurt  prepofed  wa« 
Bcrcflary  to  the  eonilitutioD»  and  the 
maintenance  of  true  liberty.  The  plan 
was  at  lenjgth  adopted,  and  Bailleul 
took  occalton  to  dedai-e,  that  the  report 
was  the  produ6lion  of  the  committee,  and 
0ot  of  tne  Dire^ory ,  as  had  been  infi. 
anated. 

By  this  oAprincipled  meafure,  theelec- 
tions  of  iix  or  fevvn  departmentS/Wtre  an- 
miHed  in  tofo  \  befides  thofe  of  a  great 
manv  individuals. 

The  following  are  among  the  places 
#hole  elcftions  are  annulled : — L*Aliier, 
La  Dofdogne  les  Landes,  Loir  and  Cher, 
h  Loire,  Safles  Pyrenees,  Haute  Vienne. 

HOLT.  AND,, 

•  The  Batavian  republic  has  accepted  the 
new  conHitution :  this  intelligcmce  was 
•fiicially  noticed  to  the  Dirtr£lorv  of 
France  oy  the  minii^er  for  foreign  affairs. 
The  number  of  votcn  aflcmblcd  upon 
Ihis  occafion  was  much  greater  than  was 
aflembhd  1  ul  yf:ar.  Tlkc  primary  affcm  • 
Hies  accepted  the  cotiftttution  on  the  a  3d 
of  April,  when  the  utmott  tranquillity 
prevailed.  It  w?.«  unanij-Houfly  acctfptcd 
by  the  Bataviao  garrilbn.  At  Amilerdam 
^c  numbers  were,  lor  the  conHitutioa 
10,493,  again/lit  114. 

CiRMANr, 

About  the  middle  of  April  -an  event 
ioek  place  at  VieiMU,  which  feemed  oncv 
more  to  threaten  Europe  with  the  revival 
©f  the  continental  war.  BERNADorTE, 
the  republican  an>baffiilor,  haa  caufcd  th.- 
tri- coloured  fi.-.g  to  be  hoi(K?d  before  the 
*  '  Moor  o*'  W»  houfp,  in  onier  to  fupply  the 
place  of  tlic  anns  of  the  Frcmck  crpuMic, 


which  he  had  not  then  rtady:  in  c<Ale« 
quence  of  this  the  populace  alTembWdi 
and  with  a  ihower  or  ftones  broke  bit 
windows,  forced  open  the  gates,  and 
roihed  into  the  court  with  lotid  cries  of 
death  and  de(lru£lion  to  every  French- 
man, After  the  laws  of  nations  had  bttn 
thus  outrageoudy  vloIated^BE  R  it  adotte 
retired  to  Xaftadt  until  this  affair  Cboirid 
be  adjufted. 

It  is  now  fa  id,  that  during  his  reiidesce 
there,  the  Emperoi*  took  mesuures  to  briQ|r 
the  rh)gleaden  of  this  mob  to  puniflunent, 
and  the  affair  is  in  a  fair  way  of  bting 
amicably  adjufted. 

By  the  laft  intelligence  ftrnn  laftaJt, 
the  friends  of  peace  are  xncVined  to  hope* 
that  the  negotiations  carrying  on  ther? 
will  foon  be  brought  to  a  happy  ilTnt. 
The  great  queftion  of  ccdin;^  to  tne'French 
republic  the  territory  on  m  left  bank  of 
the  Rhine  being  nearly  fettied  between  the 
contra^Ung  powers. 

AMERICA. 

The  negotiation  which  was  carrying 
on  at  Pans,  to  adjuH.tlte  differences  be 
tween  the  United  Statet  and  the  Pknck 
Republic,  has  been  lately  broken  of,  or 
at  leaft  fu()iended.  The  Prefidenc  of 
America  has  publiihed  the  conrfpoftd- 
ence,  and  eren  the  coaveHhtions  wkich 
took  place  between  the  diffh-ttit  negotia- 
tors and  lYmArpLret  agents  ^pon  rhisocca- 
f(on.  This  publicaSon  is  the  moft  c;- 
traordinary  ot  any  to  be  fbnnjj  in  diplo- 
matic hiftorv,  and  ex£>o^s  a  fyftcm  of  cor- 
ruption and  political  otfaniy  not  to  be 
matched  in  the  hirtory  of  maakmd.  It 
accufen  the  Dlreftory  of  cmpfoying  fecret 
agents  to  tamper  with  the  American  en- 
voys, in  order  to  jproctkre  fbr  Amfdve:  x 
private  ilouctur  oi  fifty  thouland  pciif<J$, 
a  loan  fiom  the  ftate,  "^as  a  prcUmiiiaTT ct 
peace  between  the  two  republics  ;  aTid  it 
further  appears,  that  M.  TalletRaSDi 
the  French  minifter  for  fofelgn  Affair, 
was  privy  to  thefc  moft  difgracefirl  pra- 
ceedings.  carried  on  by  his  Pgents,  who, 
m  his  correfpoudenec  are  difbnguiihed  by 
the  letters  X.  Y,  and  Z- 

A  ineHage  has  been  fent  from  the  Pff^- 
dent  to  the  Houfe  of  ReprefeHtatives,  in 
which  he  recommended  the  making  of  ttc 
xnoit  vigorous  prepai*ation»  for  ^tcnce)  it 
not  for  war ;  and  informe4  congrefs.  uu 
he  had  refcinded  theregulations  by  whtcli 
the  (hips  of  the  Unitml  States  were  pre* 
vented  from  fa-ilix^tnanarmed  con<iitio&« 

In  the  Houfe  of  Reprrefentairres  ofths 
State  of  Philadelphia*  a  motion  w»aj3l? 
to  df  chie  it  inexpedient  fo»  America  tc  gfl 
to  war  for  any  reaibn  ihort  of  the  lw?alica 
of  Its  territory,  erpectally  agauift  a  f -- 
pie  with  whom  it  was  lately  uoiced^by  tor 


Marriages  and  Deaths  in  end  near  London. 


387 


t\e»  of  fiieitdfK^.    Tliis  motion  was  n«-  £oA  the  fortifications,  to  raifc  a  provIAooal 

g2tnrcd  by  37  to  33.  aimy,  and' to  provide  for  military  ftor^ 

The  ienate  oi  the  United  States,' on  the  and  armsi  Thefe  r^lblutioas  were  not  de- 

s6(hof  March,  brought  forward  aftrbig  cidcd  wlien  the  lall  Intellijjence  was  fcnt 

of  rsfoUitioot,  which  had  for  their  obje^  from  America^  except  tX\tJtrj}f  which  was 

to  Uy  aa  embargo,  to  complete  and  garri*  tugaiived. 

Marriages  and  Deaths,  in  and  near  London. 


Mmrrmf.]  At  RromWy,  K«nt,  Mr.  W. 
Smich,  of  Ave  Mtria-hoe,  to  Mil's  Ami 
Fur  longer. 

At  Sc.  Ceorge't,  Hanevcr^^quare,  by  &k 
Lor4  BidMp  of  St;  Afaph,  the  Kcv.  H.  Hoi- 
Und  Edwiir^,.  of  FeiuiiWH»  Denl^ighihirey  (O 
Mifs  Palmer,  «f  Upper  Grofveooe-pUce* 

Ac  the  6inie  place,  Mr,  Hickman,  ta 
Miff  K48firick,  ofUboydPirk,  FJintihirc. 

At  M4ry<4e-Bone  churchy  P4yi4  Qevsn, 
ef).  cldcft  Ton  of  Silvanu*  Bevao,  er<{.  ejP 
¥i<i4U(worth  hall,  Norfolk,  toMifsFaveU 
BarJCe  Lee,  youageft  cUu^ter  of  the  lau 
Kobcrt  Cooper  Lee,  efq.  of  Bedford-fi}uare. 

At  St.  Septtichsv's,  TliooMf  Pvibns,.  ef(i; 
•f  lAIogton,  to  Mifs  fidnionds,  of  W2a6£^ 
worth. 

la  London,  Mvrtea  Dalrymple,  ti^.  of 
For^s,  to  Mi£i  Fiance  Ingram  Spence,  of 
Hanover-%aate. 

In  WcftiBiaftcr,  Mr.  Beimetc,  furgeoo, 
of  f  rich'ltrcet^  Sgho^  Go  Mif>  Berrow,  niece 
01*  Aadtew  JordaiQe,  t£^,  of  Crcivt  G«9rg{> 
Jkeet. 

In  Weftaunitcrv  pain  Wake,  efq.  of 
LixMJolaVioa,  to  Mift  Smith,  dnughtf:r  of  the 
rev.  Dr.  Smith,  prttbendwy  of  WelVmm^r. 

Ac  St.  Ceorge  the  Martyr,  Queen-f<fiaare, 
the*  x«v.  Darnel  Veyfie,  to  Mtis  Arnold,  of 
Quee3i4(|ua«e. 

Joha  Attidjo,.  eSq.  of  Fiaftury-rquare,  to 
MiisRofe,  4B«gbter  of  johniUlc,  eTq.  of 
K^rfoUl^-ftretC,  Stnod. 

Ac  Sc  Gilflf^  in  the  Ficldi,  Jaho  Sar« 
ptnonty  ef^  of  Great  ji^uecn-ftrect,  Lincoln's 
Inn-ficidt^  to  Ml£i  Birch,  daughter  v£  Mr. 
Birch,  of  the  ikme  place. 

Thonsaf  GolJitey,  cfq.  of  St.  JamcsVftrect, 
to  Mifs  Chaiiocc^  Mclward,  daughter  of  the 
Utc  John  Milward,  efq.Trf"  Bromley. 

Mr.  Hanam,  of  the  Strand,  to  Mtfa  M. 
Cordon,  daughter  of  Capt.  Gordon,  of  St. 
G«org4*s  in  the  Eaft. 

In  London,  Oonte  Royer  de  St.  Jullen,  to 
Mifs  Lcwin,  daughter  of  the  late  Samuel 
Ltwia,  «|tq.  •  - 

The  rev.  T.  Atwood,  of  Queer. -fqitarey 
WeftdkinAeyy  to  Mi£s  Burtenfiiaw,  ox  Llnd- 
field,  SttHex. 

In  London,  Mr.  Brunn,  of  Charin^Croffti 
to  Mifs  Brewman, 

Mr.  Sibfrc,  of  Church -fhc^t,  Srita!- fields, 
fc>  Mifs  CoHlns,  of  Bethnil-^rcen. 

Died.!     In  Not-ton-ftrect,    Portland-placej 
Str  Philip  Houghton  Clarke,  harr.  The  title 
def tends  to  his  OfUy  brother,   no\»  Sir  Sioioa 
Hogghton  Chirke,  bert. 
'   lb  Ctulfea,  Mr.  IXiffell. 

At-Cb^ton*  ilfr»«  Cofliptoa*    - 


lo  Caroline-^cet,  Bedford-fquorCy  In  hit 
74th  year,  V'clcr  Mounicr,  cfq. 

In  Dukc-flrcct,  Wcflminftcr,  af:er  a  fevera 
and  lingering  IHnefs,  fupportcd  with  great  for- 
titude and  refignation,  Mrft.  Hlckea^,  fecond 
daughter  of  the  lace  £.  M.  Reboiie,  efq.  o( 
Colchcftcr,  and  wife  of  H.  J.  Hickcna,  cfa. 
of  Worley-hali,  Berks. 

At  Pentonville,  aged    67,    Mr.   Bedwett 
.Law,  bookfcllcr,  of  AveMaria'^laoe* 
.  ,ln  Lucb'a  Coiuiuit-ftrcct,  Mrs.  Crook* 

In  her  aad  year,  Mr>.  Cailleroondy  of  WUo 
ibn-^Sreet,  Finflmry-fquare. 

Mr.  John  Bull«n,  brandy  aerchaat,.  Mbci* 
gau\4ane,  Toolcy-ftrcct. 
-  At  Mile  End,  Mr».  Brewer,  widow  of  tht 
late  rev.  Samoel  Brewer,  of  Stepney. 

A6Hainmerfmith,aged  21,  Mii'>  Mclli(h. 

In  Grofvcnor-row,  Chelfea,  Mr.  Joh# 
Fojlainr 

In  Great  Ruflcll-ftrect,  Bloomikury,  Mri. 
Jane  Blaks,  a  lady  of  great  worth,  and  the  la^ 
furviving4»ranch  of  a  very  refpcdable  iamily.*^ 

InMortinier-ftreet,  Cavcndiih-fquaie,  Mri» 
Duffield. 

At  bis  clumbers  in  the  Temple,  aged  75, 
William  Myddleton,  cfq. 

By  thcburiUng  of  a  blood-veflel,  Thomaf 
Sanders,  efq.  of  Upper  Thames-ibr^cfit 
CoUco-Cquare. 

At  Keniingcon  Gore,  in  her  73d  year,  Mrsu 
Ann  Bowles^ 

Mrs.  Sparkes,  of  Doughty-ftreet. 
.    lo  C1^3&»-(lrc«t,  the  Right   Uojv    Lady 
Sophia  AugulU  l^mbert^  youngelt  daughter 
of  the  Earl  of  Cav:in. 

Mr.  Robwt  Meliiih,  of  LIme-huufc,  {td^ 
builder. 

.    It  the  Mase,  South  work,  H.  S.  Holcombe, 
efq.  brewer.  ^ 

In  London,  the  Hon.  Auguftus  Wiadfor« 
youngeft  fon  of  the  Earl  of  Plymouth. 

Mrs.  Barber,  wife  of  Mr.  Thomas  Barber* 
man's  mercer,  H.iy-market. 

In  jjueca  Aon-iirect  £dl,  Parker  Ha^ey^ 

In  London,  after  a  lingering  inJilpontiooy 
Thomas  Jewer,  efq.  late  of  Bath,  and  fot'^ 
merly  of  Jamaica. 

Mr.  William  Poynder,  of  Great  Eaft-cheapi 
plumber. 

Mr.  Northcote,  lilvcrfmith,  of  Bcrkley- 
flrect,  Clcrkenwell. 

At  Epfoiii,  Mrs.  Mary  Graham,,  wido^r  of 
John  Grahim,  ef).  tor  merly  of  the  council 
of  Calcutta.  r    .  •      ,  .•     . 

Li  Uatton  Garden,  Mr.  Jobs  Johofon 
Clare,  atuitncy.  , 


388 


Marriages  and  Deaths  in  and  near  L^ndoni 


•    The  rer.  Rkhard  Staialby,    more  than  40 
years ie£lurer  of  St.  Mary,  Strand. 

At  Hackney,  Lieut.  Colonel  JamCs-  Chaf- 
well,  of  the  firft  royal  regiment  of  tjte  Tower 
Hamltt  milhh. 

In  WeftmiixAvj  Arthur  Kelly,  efq.  the 
late  lieticenint-colonel  of  the  South  Devon 
Xfilitia.  Mr.  Kelly  was  defcended  from  an 
antient  and  di(^Ingutnied  faxnily  in  Iri'land, 
the  dignity  of  which  he  well  maintained. 
After  (hewing  the  danger  and  honor  of  a 
Britlih  foldier  during  the  fcveft  years  war, 
"he  returned  home  snd  married  Mlfs  Parker, 
fiftet  to  the  late  and  aunt  to  the  prcfent  Lord 
Bcringdon,and  coufm  to  the  prefent  Earl 
Pculett.  To  the  Lady  Mr.  Kelly  had  been 
long-  att  ched.  He  was  a  truly  amiable 
chara^er,  being  eminently  difVinguifhcd  by 
"Ilis  benevolence  to  the  poor,  his  extraordinary 
teadernefs  and  affcftion  to  his  relatives  and 
friends,  and  by  an  uniform  endeavour  to  ren- 
der happy  all  with  whom  he  was  connc^lc'd. 

^t  Kcntifh  Town,  aged  84,  John  Linlc^ 
efq.  Some  days  previous  to  his  death,  his 
phyCcian  perfuaded  him  to  take  a  little  wine, 
itindifpenfibly  neceflary  to  recruit  his  decay- 
ed ftrength,  occafioned  by  his  trifcrable  and 
parfimonioos  living.  Mr.  Little,  fearfiil  of 
truiling  his  fervants  with  the  key  of  ihe  wine 
cellar,  infiftcd  upon  his  carrying  him  down 
flairs,  to  get  a  fingle  bottle  j  when  the  fud- 
dcn  tranfition  from  a  warm  bed  to  a  damp  cel- 
lar brought  on  a  fit  of  apoplfrxy,  which  occa- 
fioned  his  death.  On  examination,  it  appeared 
that  he  poflcfrrd  upwards  of  25,000!.  in  the 
different  tontines  j  i  i,cooI.  in  the 4  per  cents. 
bcfides  2000  per  ann.  of  landed  propcrtjcj 
^Kich  now  devolves  to  abiother,  to  whum  he 
never  afforded  the  Icaft  alTKlance,  on  account 
of  his  being  married,  matrimony  being  a  Aaic 
itJto  which  he  himfelf  never  entered,  and  for 
which  he  always  entertained  the  greateft  de* 
tcftation.  He  rcfided  upwards  of  forty  years 
In  the  fame  lioufe,  one  room  of  which  had  no 
been  occupied  for  the  fpace  of  14  years :  but 
which  on  hi«  death  v/as  found  to  contain  173 
pairs  of  breeches,  with  a  large  ^f^portion  of 
other  articles  of  wearing  apparel,  all  which 
wcrcinfurha  wretched  (late  of  decay,  that 
t  >;y  were  fold  to  a  Jew  iQXitfvAf  k at f  guinea. 
in  the  coach-houfc  were  difcovirPil,  r<*cretrj 
in  dift'crent  pnrts  of  the  building,  180  wigs, 
which  !ud  been  bequer^hcd  to  Ivim  by  <Jiffcr- 
c.i:  relatives,  and  in  which  he  fct  great  ftore. 
'  At  lilington,  on  Sunday,  April  15th,  the 
rev.  John  Williams,  L.L  D.  He  wa^  born 
tt  Lumncrer,  CarJigjufhire,  South  •  Wale?, 
Ottthe  25:h  of  March  1727.  His  father,  a 
rcfpcdlablc  tanner,  plasrd  him  at  tlTe  Uct^ 
fchooi  in  tUnt  tov/n.  '  Having  very  early  cx- 
pr*r(Ted  a  (\rong  iuwUnrtion  for  the  miniftry, 
when  he  had  acquired  a  comrctent  know- 
ledge of  the  »-.U(Vicj,  he  was  admitted  a  l^s- 
dent  tt  the  dlffcnring  fccademy,  at  Carmar- 
then. Here  he  aJfiduoully  cuiti\'atcd  tliofe 
ftudics  that  Vould  qusli.-*  him  for  the  offi;^ 
6f  t  cluiitiaji  minifter,  and  made  confiJcrablc 
^mproveiVMMit  in  the  mathematics.  ^On  the 
|cAi»^^  itien  of  his  acaicxaicU  cousfc^  he  ac-  ^ 


ceptej  an    invJLitioa    from    th; 
Ho.vclI,  of  Birmingham,  to  a:!!.* 
fu^crintctiiance  Of  a  Ijrrge  fchoc:.    j 
he  wr^s  choien    p.:ftor  of  a   co 
S^mforJ,   LirKnlnihire, 'wViere 
near  three  years,  wh^in  tic  rcmcr;. 
iogham,  Berks.     During  his  ret. 
pla..c,   he   completed  his   **   C:-.r. 
Crrttk  TcpdTt'.cnt^   •:i.f4  ^1   £•/ 
^rt  Cnual'Sctef^*''   prlnrc u  jr.  r- 
defirous  of  a'fitu.iJ?on  near  Lon.i  -, 
h.ld    formed   an   extcnGve    av>3a. 
the  d^ath  of  the  rev.  Mr.  Baron,  '1 
rtw  pd^oral  charge  of  tke  Dilfcr* 
at  Sydenham.      In   rj^%    he  mr 
Martha  Still ,  the  wiJ^w  6F  a  very  1 
member  of  his-  late  congre^tior.  ->! 
liim.     On  •  her  deceafe    in    I77',)r 
eiedeJ  curator  of  Dr.  Oanie!  \v 
brary,  in  Red  Crofi  Itrecc:  a  iil 
its  fituatton,    little    kiu>\vn   :o  \ 
though  it  contains  a  iar^e  coUcOid 
and  very  valulblo  bodkt,  and  almal 
works  of  the  Noncoofornrtiii.     T| 
tagies  of  this  ficaation,  enabled 
cure -every  information  >  he   ci>uld  yr\ 
fubjc€l  that  had  much  engaged  hii  :i 
the  adtheniirity  of  the  two  firrt  cb 
St.  Malthcw's  gofpeL     The  reful:  al 
quiry  he  publilhcd  in  his   **  Tbwii'ti 
On^  4f  Lanptages.     While  he  rcfil-i 
library,    ho    m«iie(i    in     Jan.    17? if 
i:lizaberh   Dunn^   oqe  of    the  ^iaogrj 
Joihua  Dunn,  Efq.    of    Ncwington   | 
formerly  a  very  refpe^Cable    merchantl 
city  of  London,  and  one  of  ^he  mc^^ 
laymen   among    the    difTenters.     Frdj 
fludtrationi  which  frequently  take  pLi 
the   villages   near.  London,    the   Qucoe 
diilencers  had  fo  far  decrcafed,  that,  ct  a 
expiration  of  the   leafe  of   the  chapd, : 
Do^or,  fiftding  the  infirnaties  of  sge  nid 
advancing,  relblved  to  refign  the  o&ce  c' : 
miniftry,  and   devote   the   rcmaijK^cr  .^ 
life  to  ftudy  and  the  fociety  of  u  few  frirs 
At  the   time  of  his  dcceife,  he  had  ;;:i 
completed   the    printing  of    a    trarifiirwti 
*'  Ckritomeus*s  Grtrco-Bttrl^arirNo^'iT  >^r.r- 
See.    which  will  be    ihonly  publilhci. 
work  defigned.to  explain  fomc  drtntul: ; 
fagcs  of  fcfipturc.     He  Veaa  the  author  0: 
vcial  pamphlets    on  "difiVvert   fubjc'l-» 
printed  a   tew   leparate   fermons.     }\  *  'C 
viituc:  iccured   to  him  UiC  etreem  or"  ii-^ 
Quaintancc  and  frieiidsj  and   his  dcvc^u  v 
be  long  and    deeply   felt    by  his  mu:.: 
widow. 

On  the  3d  Off  April,  after  a  few  d^ys 
ncfi,  at  his  houfc  near  hermitage  S:- 
Wapping,  in  the  69th  year  of  his  og^. 
JohnLivie,  a  gentleman  well  kcc^.i  in 
literary  worl<i,  for  his  deep  and  2<^a! 
knowledge  of  the  Icamad  laagujrL:.  1 
fmall,  but  beautiful  and  correft  cci*::'^ 
Horace,  will  be  t  lalting  raonumt-rt  w 
memory  ;  **id.thc  beoev«Uacc  and  in.cff 
of  his  cliai^fVer,  muft  tcjiderhli  loli  j  I 
je£b  of  (he  «lc«peft  regret  to  all  wb«  Ki4 
happine£&  of  hii9,^qu«4PtaAC^ 


^rL 


CT  List  •^Banmcptcie*  flffi^s/DivyoaKDo  amtotmctd  Between  the  lOtBofJpril, 

and  the  zorb  of  May  extra^fdfr^m  the  Londofi  Gazettai. 

■»  •imnngham^Ojimblcmakcr.  li«r/       •       *   ■  *  J'>'r*t*M§t)ermn,  LudtHte-biU.  "        * 


l\: 


'-'■'     1?   »      H-Vfarrtic,  ManOicfter.    Mtddnutrsft 

.-    "   •  k/p!^1;       *."■'•■'■•     -^-'T.^/t- and  i)rMa. 
■    '"     i-f  '    ,   /£"^  linen. drzpn-.    ^K^.vi,  »nd  a.-.y/c^. 

'V    ;  ■  fe:  Th  '^'■'^^"'  ^■''''^'  '9'"f-cior.  ^1 «.     ^' 

I'i  J-  '     **"'»  Th.i.r.ai.ttr«t,  dealer  in  corn,  iic.    Spuk. 
v'.rK  •  r,  Ut..nUurc.ftr.er,  irfrchanr^  Busr:,:d. 

,1,        »J?'*">^'»'<i:«»  Jjraaier.    KjndcrUy  Aiui  Lnt 
-  'Ix  ,  J    lh0t:in$b;iul,  nicrc«r.     ,./^^;„,i„|  iT,d  «u    ivr. 

-'-^■^  t Sutton,  mc  cf  £1),  car..er.     C  t^Xt'riZ'-lir.tt 
'■■'"  ■"^^■■t;?ri?"';'n!^*^''  cotrou-ma:,.faCtJrcr/ I'S 
!v-.  .'.•   ,   «,  A.fonl,  iimhoiucr.     f^Mter^  yt/r^rd 
r-^'    S/"i]^;  ***'^,*'!J^  Liverpool,  nurchauts.    5t"^m;.'x. 

j.     ]■■   ftfwoftft,  York,  cun..-,.     £j  '^,  r..*)!!/^  ^ 

r  I-    ,    t?  PcnJf:o<i,    carton  mar.ur*j<v,jrcr.     '  Mtddowcrtft 

^»io^   J  an.  Leaden,    butcJ.cr.    /^^//.n,    Cjll-ar^t 
p«i«W>  Urtrp.x.|,  mcichanr.     H'.rd'e 

:«T,  itockpon,  muflui  nuu,jt.4dturer.    JuW. 

SU"k  Soa'an"'n  H'Jn'  H  *'V'^'»    *'"'^*V-«««;nr,. 
nt:    u      ^   "n  lip  jn  Hull,  butclicr.    (,<«.,  //u  / 


DIVIDENDS    ANNOVNCKD 


aaC^^'a",*^"/"?  '»(n«>*fTmcrclunt.  Juo«  I's. 
AftJejr,  Bnftol,  dealer  in  fpiriti.    June  n.  , 

Bfcknian,  Faitiion-Arect,  lugi^.|niMler.    May  if^ 


*  "<.7cr-urcci,  upnoujcr.    May 

of  i:ic  Coo:raftor,  ludianaaii, mariner.  June*. 


■    V; 


»•  Br-dbur>,  BafiuthaU-ftrcct,  broker.     I'une  2 

W.  Bajlcy,  KarrjoKJoa,  mercer.    June  j; 

R.  lirowB,  NcwtaiHc,  winc-mcrch^t.    May  aa, 

M- Bryan,  ShtcTner$,flopJcl!cr.    May  ». 

J.  Borlalie,  Oxford, tori.cha»dler.    June  1, 

T.  Biiti,  Tmutridte,  eroccr.    May  aa. 

F.  Basue,  COi.duit-ftrect,  merchant,    l^ay  16. 

ZJ  ^"^.f»'^""i<'«y\t»ilaw.chandJer.    May  3:. 

y. .  ButJin,  BifhopJKaie  l»reet,  grocer.    June  5 

y  S^^T^     f'^.^V'^I^^^^^*^''^'    May  26 

W.  Barrow  «..«  j.  »«riu«r,  pKirv^tcn  «y,|f^eD^jy|^f 

r  ^""''"ry>  H.*^!''Rbaii.l^ree^  broker.    Juntjft. 

7    r  ^'"*'H.^^'  ?'-!.■•'''<  '"baccunift.    June  11. 

T,  Colhu,  Broad-ftrcci,  merchant.    May  19. 

T    ^'•*"'';^"<^*^  York-l'rccr,  brewer.    K«»y  la, 

J,  Cook,  Kenttoury,  cI^Khie?.    May  2%. 

I..  C  .i.en,  VVjpp.ug,  tnerthant.     Ju©c  x. 

J    C.r-r,  Maiden,  c.rKutcr.     Ju^y  7. 

1*  ^•''^J^^'^^:  •«■•«•'>  ^•'«'"rta.he..  jGnei*. 

V  r^l        \^     a.  wcK-itrec-r,  JurntfT-mikcr.    June  o. 

ij.  Cictc,  Mar.chti.cr,  tuih.m.nianulaaurcr.    June  15. 
.  I).:. tun,,  Brar.fane,  c^rj^nreT.     M/y  i<>" 
.'J^^^'^^^Cictinir't^cii,  (hopki-cper.    May  ,^ 

V  1  '  rV.?'"'  «f'V/"V''-'*^'-«'»  '-i'l^olltertf.     May  |6 

n  V.int    r'^    ''  J*niej.itrce;,  Haaorer-lquare.  Jwae« 
D.  *.l».oi,Ci:».nnn.c.iurt,mtrc..«nt.    May  1.         *'        ' 

R.  J-  I'.r.cy,  Colthdler,  fhopUccper.    May  u- 

I  '  »>^at' *  "^  ^V  '^j'''»  '  ^^  »"»«:*'  <hopkerpcr*.    May  sj. 

J.  fcrwftcr,  Minchinharnpton,  inr.kcepir.    June  jj. 

i* ";';',"  "'^;?-"t-''^>'0«'^'-'i-''rcet,Rl-a-^reliCT..  Junes, 

M.i.  o*a.ncr,  N^aidrcbc-phce,  DJ^ors-commofla.    tune* 

VV .  Hicks  iclby,  baker.    May  ii.  ' 

A.  FUrt  ley,  LancaJtcr,  miUijier.    May  J4. 
•V  Y,^"'  t"vOoJfien,  carpei.icr.    May  aa. 
r.  Huicltjo*,  Worcerier,  ropc-mafter.    May  24. 
J- Hirnion,  Manchefter,mc  ckant    Jui.ei«i/ 
h  H^>1=>  WaC^t.lane,  H  Jlirax,  dyw.""  JuiA 
1 .  Mairu,  Piul  »-court,  Wuod-ftrect.  hiCer.&c.  Tuaei- 
L .  hoJtoway.  Paddnmoh,  iadular.    jLne  j    '  •'        *' 

D.  Han,  GfiTpurt,  filvrrlinith.    June? 
J.K.Jowett,  Fleet.  11  reft,  mercer.    AprU  iS 
T  'ri7^'"  n"*^  J^'^^y*  liocn-drapcr.    May  a 
J:,J*tl'^.'--'  ^"•'"Pfoo*  Apothecaiy.    Jui*a 
N*.l 'Anion,  roniejradk,  braa«>-,neru.ant,    June  16 
KcMod,  riaaucy,  l»rKk!;.ycr.    Juuc  7 


:./jr. 


Bro$nu 


n.ci,  Jeweller.    V/ouMrrf,  Jntrf.Jlrfft. 

, ,,  j>CM>;^fc)lcr.    Ltwh,  Gray's  inn  ^ 

faf  i:.,8*ifoni,  dyer/   £/«„  Curjiu^.jntrt.    ^'^ 

t  ^^'ji^^  '  H-'"''?^'  carpenter.  C4rr/n^/M,  M^v4firtet. 
i^'Sr!,;  ,Cr*  c-a.pcnt.r.nd  bu,!<lcr.    Bmwl  and  i^"! 

fc   Hi'r^*R  u L^i'  K^"-  "'      -^''-^^"T,  C*«ncrry./«„. 

ci:^:^.  "''"''' ■""=."''  ^'--tcwneer.  if.,f. 

^  ^*wi,  vei.ccr  or  meaici.-e.    Gjir/;,  Lhutln^sim, 


-..Si.T,,   \'..  **  *"'-'Sit^''»  rcru-ner,     LuxLirt,  J'  Southerdoii,  Bye,  an..ce?      !«.-•  .* 


VnAiv       '-,         •*"^^»'""'~'*J»^««       JUUC7 

''jwinj  iNew-court,  j  hroginort<in>(VrceC,  mercbaiK.  TuoeS 
5.  Lrry,  L.-.tJe  A.ic-nrcct,  watch-maker.    June  5  ^^ 

T.  Ltotard,  Rocheftcr,  foap-makcr.     June,        * 

A    M^'i^t''  T*'"*,'^-  S^''"^'''^'*  Crcfcent,  Miniriea,  Junes 
A.  .Merry,  Loi,J<.n,  merchant.    May  aa  "^  j         * 

T.Marfain,CloUi.Tair,  mercer.    May  i6 

\  Mtl'^'n^'^  ^'  V*"^K<-»ke,  Walhington,  mercers.  Tune  t 

J.  Motji,  lijrminclam,  hjtter,  <fcc.    Juiieo 

•  V.I ''L''"» '•**'" **''**^'*^"«'-«l"i<f.    June  IS 

R.  Ohphaat  and  H.  Anderibn,  Kcnc^urch.bulldln^.    Julie  $ 

?'ou.«:n"lJ^?'''"'*^'>'»'^«''-»'»^«'-    June  I* 

1.  Oucu,Mai.u.:i;c.',  k.uincr.    June  ai 

D.  P'owe.l,  Brogmfgrwve,  KrocerT    May  12 

T.I'*4field,K«r^a,pcntcr.    June  o 

T  Parl.*"1  7n?5^'^*'  G rcat-'q-iecn-ftreet ,faddlera  Ma,  i^. 

T.  Parkf,  Lancaster,  merchant.    May  21  ^ 

1 .  1  Ml  i;?s,  Stourpot,  co4l.merchai.t.    May  21 

t    W    PrnTr  *•  Cnfiith^  WarJiut-arc'et.    May  is 

A  *  ^f.  r^    f  »■"  r  .**  ^*^»  renchurch-ftr«t.  JuHt  i4 

1  •»  w'  ^"r-'V  »"*rel-*«et,  army^lorh.cr.    June  m 

J.Rib(bo,Cr.yaon,ftddler.    Junes 
J.  K.lcy,  shctlicld,  lu.eii-drapcf .    May  Ji 

T"u  LT*»^"'  ^'^'t^-'*"«.Spi»»lfi«id/,wine.merdiant.  Tiine la 
J.  Kobfon,  Croydon,  ladler.    June  ao  ro*^"^"^-  juoe  »t 

W.  smith,  JCHig's  Arw«-yard,  Icrtrewr.    June  s 

lUAC  19 


h  '^''■^i  Ifn^^"?"^'  watch-maker.    k^Min."^ 

■'■  *-S» sSi^^'  ''^l"^:i-  «>'»^''/  x^ety^'^ 


i'  *.°"\!)5*^"'  */«'  ti^cer.    June  if» 

J.  Smith,  Duke  ftreet,  (flrOfvenor-iTiuare,  bricklayer.    Tone  i 

JW.Su»rBey,Sr.  Martin Vcaurt,.I«>ier.    June  16 
I.  Troup,  Go«>dman'8.y«nl,  loerrhant.    June  a  J.^^rf^  , 

^.•^2tompfo^^South^!tt,|^checfi:Inoo«er.^  junel  .    r 

Y.'n^raton.SpaIdinB,<hopkeeper.    Wr     * 

Ward,  Tean,  butcher.    May/i 

WUecicr,  Bru^ot,  draper.    May  aa   "  ^ 

B.  WoodfieldandW.  Orton,d>mitiy,  grocert.    Tone«      ^'  ' 

f'S^i^*i^^'^'^''^'*^'*™'"^k-<<';a!<''-.    June  I? 

B.  Wcdsewood,  Burllem,  potter.   June  7      •»•"**• 

T*i^Jj^',5"^'i*L°".""'^''*'°*-"^''cr.    June  IS 

i*  ^i^^f^^^'l"^  Manchefter,  merchaiTtf.    Juac  IS 


«a. 

i; 


fItOyXV ClAL   OCCVRRENCES. 


.  JI«llT|m.M«t»LANP  AU'P   rPB|IAM. 

^  mojl  ir)^cni<^as  and  yet  frrhplc  cor-iMna- 
tioaol-jiu^ihi^ciy,  i<^ij  the  f  jrpo^s  of  regy- 
hiii^g  tiic  co.jvc'yaucc  of  v^iggoBF,  liitkn 
vrith.cpali,  dv)wa  in  indbfcd  j>l2fcnc,  from 
Bcn^tcJI  collcry,  on  the  north-ficfc  of  the 
T)\"c,  , to. the  ;>taith  at  the  bonier  €tf  the 
nvfi,  in^  '/or  Unn£ing  up  the  ^-s^^ons, 
w)iea. uploaded,  by  the  farnc  power  that  .rt- 
ftdcd  it.  jirejeQile  knfutut  in  the  dcfccBt, 
iu«  lately  Keen  perfected  and  broughr  into 
nfc  by  Mr.  Bjrms,  The  length  of  the  rail* 
WO) ,,  on  which  the  wii^gon  runs,  ]t  S^4 
yards,  which  Jlftancc  it  dcJccndi  in  two  ml.- 
n^ifes'.v  d  \  h.i?f',  nV.J  re^fccnds  in  rhefamc 
fpaccoftmcj  fo  that  the  loadtd  vugC^a  cjn 
hi^ij^yitykr-n  with  cal'e  and  Safety,  chr  coal 
dlitcBftrgcd,  and  the  empty  waggon  returned 
t^  tiic  piu  '^•ithin  the  comp-l*  o^  {tt'iu 
p:inutu!  The  irrtfclting  and  the  refii>ing 
pov.«i»i)finDi;ion,/aje  derived  froin  a  plum- 
piet,  weighing  i6|.«t.  which  the  wrj^^on 
in.  a.iwciiuin^  and  al'ccndiug,  aUprpjt«.ly 
jv*li':;j,.^r,i  lower:  the  depth  t)f  144  yiriv.  1  hi 
«ojie,.^v  which  the  waggon  is  in.pt:«i*ii  and 
•ictkraced,  winds  rounds  the  alflf  ui  3  I  \:^<: 
wheel,  ^3  •  niche  or  gr»v)ve  in  liie  mu  j:o» 
^!}4J  f 'Vtii  '-}ic  rope  or.Iy  Ipa^c  to  Cv»il  ruuf.d 
M\6n  \i\v\:^Awi  thcrcb)  guarJ;  a^-.mft  .•.■;  poi"- 
6biUty«t*entangUm«Ht.  Keart.>tli*  ah  %  cf 
'  tliciuijjc^coliiiig  wh'.-el,  there  i&  an  obli^Lc  ;>;- 
indcution  uf  cafl  11  Ja,  which  correfponis  v\  ith 
lAd  works  into  aJimilar  conlornMLit-n  on  thr 
xi.-n  cf  a  fnullcr  \vh<;cl}  round  whiwh  the 
j))ujna;tt  rope  is  coiled  or  warped,  and  is, 
Ift  coofcqutncc  thereof,  moved  round  >^iily 
<vncc  ia  ib^  rotations  of  the  fufpcnding  and 
imaging  wheel,  which  cxa^ly  corrcfpr.ods 
vith  d.e  elevation  of  the  weighr  and  the  de- 
I  fcent  of  the  wa^oij.  To  prcfcrvc.xhc  rope 
<rom,iji^ury,  by  diagging  on  the  ground, 
rollers  vfflth  iron  pilots  aiid  brafs  foclcc  ts,  for 
it  to  run  upon,  art  elevated  in  the  naiddle  of 
the  rail-way}  l^ut  fufficicntly  law  to  pfovc 
ao  pbrtrud^n  to  the  waggon,  which  palTes 
©▼extkfljn. 

Mi-rhcJ.]  At  Ncwcaf^le,  Mr.  Robert 
Froft,  jun.  to  Mid  Tod<,.  ot  Mitfcrd.  Mr. 
J- A.  Kidd,  engraver  ajid  coppcr-pbtc  printer, 
J>  Mils  Atkinfon.  Mr.  Thomas  Ratciiff,  to 
Mifs  Brown,  of  T^rrow. 
-^At  Nt)^  Shields,  Mr.  W.  TurnbuTJi- 
©i^uf  of  tlje  John  and  Richard,  to  Mif« 
towfey. 

,  _  At  Tyapnouth,  Mr.  RobcitRamf^vaw,  a^- 
to.ncy,  df^iorth  Shields,  to  Mifs  Apn-^if- 
^k,  of  South  Shield*,.    , 

^  At  OVii^^hjjn,  Mr.  joRn  Hirtl,*  brffker,  of 
•Kewca&lf ,  to  Mii^  Jane  Bfown,  of  Wvlarm. 

,Xk.  Robert  Jante*,  late  of  .the  .Cocir  iijn, 
Newcaftle,  to  Mifs.OTak^S^i^urnyT»f.WvC- 
.*i>tf)c. 

At  CefSridge,  Mr.  X^nceloC  Armftronj^ 

forg^a^oMi^iJWicDaKeWcaftlli.     :-       ^ 

At  BywcU^  Mr.  John  ChiiUon,  of  Willony 


to  Miif  BarK^a  RmkU,  of  Seellisg,  aetr' 
Cor»j«idge. 

the  J  A  In  Newcaftle,  in  his  69tk  yeir, 
'  aj^er  a  long  and  very  painful  ifiaefi,  Mr. 
WiHiatn  Newton,  archite^.  Ha  intejriiy 
and  aB'ai^c  numoert  procured  liim  a  relped- 
able  circle  of  frieodi  in  ^riratel  life  ^  and  hit 
profrifional  reputation  will  be  perpetuated  by 
the  variouf -ed^cti  plaaned  and  built  aodrr 
hi^  «iiredioa$,  in  this  md  the  44jaccnt 
counties. 
*      Ax  Eaiingwold,  Mr,  Robert  Y::res 

At  HeDtttjfa,'  Mr.  John  j.mics.  The  offLe 
of  parUh  clerk  totniii  town  had  bcco  Tuc^cU 
fivcly  tield  by  hi^  grandfather,  JbUi  faihcr, 
and  himfeUVft^r  the  term  ot'  132  years. 

At  Berwick,  Mr. W I Uiam  PUorfaa,  printer 
ind  bookfcUer. 

CUMBr.RLA»D   AND  WUTMOJIIL  AN  n. 

Mwricd,]  At  VVhicchaten,  captain  Henry 
Fiflier,  of  tlie  Favourite,  lo  KliL  EiL.tnwr 
Plaficet,  youngclt  daughter  of  the  Utc  C4^^ 
Ui«  John  PU:kcc. 

At  New  Huctt^n,  near  Kendal,  WiUiaa 
Sleddall,  efq,  toMif^  Hplme». 

At  Branipion,  Mr.  Thomas  Hutton,  ci 
Soulby,  ut.»r  Ilirkliyllcphen,  (o  Mifs  Jiae 
Noble,  of  High  How. 

Ai  H4wkcJJIwd,  Mr.  Harrifon,  of  Hawkes- 
heu.i  Hj!1,  10  iVirs  To Aifon, 

L>eJ.]  Ac  Whitehaven,  in  her  7xft  year, 
Mts.  AiUi  Skelton.  Mr.  James  Ranejf.  la 
hii  sSth  year,  Mr.  G^irge  Stalker,  ]an. 
At':rr  a  ihort  illncf'i,  Mr.  Halph^Hcodlcy. 

Ac  Carlitlw,  ag^'i  45,  Mr.  Janicit  Bou^cli, 
linen*Uraper. 

At  Kendal,  Mr.  Batty  Hodgfon,  tobacco- 
niil,  and  an  aidernian  of  the  corporaxioo.  Mr. 
John  Swainfon,  currier. 

At  Scoringo,  near  Rcfvrick»  in  her  75t9 
year,  Mrs.  MufthaCibfon. 

At  l/)WTa,  jiged  76,  Mr.  Jofeph  Vounj- 
hu/band,  Oioemaker. 

At  Kcfwick,  aged  63,  Mrs.  Dinah  Clark 

At  Law  Barkhoufe,  SeimurtLy,  aged  li, 
Mrs.  irvin. 

YOaKtUIRt. 

From  Mr.  Seaton,.  the  treafuj«r*s  ^nnuil 
report  of  the  ftacc  of  the  woollen  manufxd^i 
delivered  in  at  the  lail  Poatolira^  fpi^ions,  it 
appears,  that  of  broad  clothe  there  have  becq 
manufactured  in  the  Ull.year,  pieces  229,191 
—yards,  TriSSjOjSj  whifib<^vei  adccrcaft 
from  the  rcturoeof  the  preceding  yeir^  oi 
17,478  pkoea,  amountiii^  to  5951498  yards. 
Narrow  cloths,  on  the  other  Uind,  havcci* 
petieiicsd  an  incrcal^  ther^  b4Viiig  been  ou> 
mdaAmni  :m  the  cterfc  af  ihe  lail  yeat. 
X56,7C5^4u«pes,  0^:5,501,642  yard^,  g»viag 
«u  iucFfoie^f  5tx5|tfctfes,«r  257i944r«^*- 

Married.}  At  York,  Ml.  Jtw^Haic,  linear 
dHrct,i«*lte.  :H*i*elU^  J^r..Wfl^  A^c)  • 
IttVtffiN^tMoM^^kCltflSk :'.     :.. 

-^vAttl^JMBlbocMifth^Ji|r.^f«r4^  HcAlock^ 
gpour^  to  iAiit  Cloogh. 


TorlJbhrw,,..tancaJhir$....CbtJp>tr$. 


■^ 


At  rartiaguMiy  Mr.  i  hoitiaf  I^l>^  ot  Ijn^ 
Ion  upoa  Oufc»  to  MUi  Hall. 

Ac  lUcberhaiiH  Mr.  Edward  Grcrwiek,  qC 
Slieifield,  to  Mlfs  Mary  Holt,  fiftcrtvM^ 
Hoit,  of  Newirky  printer. 

At  Heftle,  Mr.  Scoffin,  of  the  EaftRidlnc 
Baak  ib  Beverly,  to  Mi£i  BfO«t^  of  the 
forrecr  place. 

At  Wakefield,  Mr.  Rowland  Herft,  book* 
fcHer,  to  Mlft  Ann  Day,  daughter  of  Mr^. 
John  Day,  watchm^er.'  Mr.  Thoouis  Beaufi 
jDonfi,  inaoinooger,  toMifi  AnnRichardfon, 
of  Leeds. 

The  Rer.  WiUiam  WiUiaotfoa,  ofPock- 
iIn|toa,  fecood  Too  of  W.  WUliaafea,  of  Lin- 
ton Spring,  to  Mifs  Dawfoa,  wly  daughtv 
of  Mr.  Dawfon,  of  Wigbill,  near  Wetherhy. 

At  Doncafter,  Mr.  Oraham^  to  Mn.  Ufle. 

At  HuU,  Mr.  Rkkardfon,  of  PockUng. 
tpn,  to  Mi£i  Hall,  of  Beverley.  Mr.  Wflou 
Z*imbert  to  Mift  Feam. 

At  Leeds,  Mr.  Matthew  Hewitt,  9f  Bee* 
fton,  to  Mift  Burton,  daughter  of  th»  Utp 
Mr.  JoOiaa  Barton,  of  Bromley.  Mr.  Philip 
Haift,  merchant,  to  MiCi  Mary  Tipping. 

Dted."]  At  York,  John  Cockfhutt,  efq. 
Mptain  in  lord  Harewood's  regiment  of  fup- 
flementary  militia.  Mift  Severs.  In  iiis 
71ft  year,  defervedlyefteemed  and  refpe£led, 
Mr.  Thomas  Atkinfon,  architeA. 

At  Hull,  aged  55,  the  rev.  jvhn  Beatfoo, 
Siny  years  mlniiler  of  the  Baptift  chapel  in 
$>Ubou{^  L»nc.  Mr.  Thomas  Bell,  M^uraMe 
kroiccr. 

At  Brooailey,,nc^  Whatley,  greatly  re- 
(peded  and  belovad,  Mrs.  Ann  Rhodes. 

At  Duncombe  Park,  Mifs  Duncombe, 
cideft  farvi^ing  daughter  of  Charles  SUog{b|r 
Duncombe,  ett). 

Suddenly,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hunter,  tt€kiSt  ff 
Tbamfcoc. 

In  his  69th  year,  Jofeph  Wilkuifon^  cf<). 
of  Whetley  Hill,  near  Bradford. 

At  Badfworth,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Rawlinfon. 

At  Beverley,  aged  42,  Mr.  Hudfoo. 

Atlier  houfe  at  Carthorpe,  in  the  North 
K>db«,  on  the  ^  i»ft.  Mn.  Eliley,  wid«w 
ef  the  late  rev.  Gregory  £lfl«y.  Vicar  «f 
Burnefton.  . 

At  Louth„  Mrs.  Wrigglcwortb,  viSt  of 
Mr.  M;  Wriggleworth,  warden  of  that  corpo- 
ntion.  This  gentleman^s  family  furn.(hQ».a 
tcmarkable  inftance  0/^  £)talixy  \  his  three 
fe&s,  ^e^hdr  with  his  wife,  »U  d^ing  within 
the  (pace  of  14  months. 

At  SotfUi  Cave,  Mr.  John  Roblnfon,  Utc 
^«puty  comptrolttr  of  .the  cutftomi  nt  the  pirt 
•f  Scarborough. 

Afteriiiw  knan  iUncle,  ^r.W«nwrighc» 
•fPecrybridge,  pofbnafter  of  rihat  flace,  Md 
M«  of  the  partotrt  In  (he  Lcedt  pott«ty» 

At  Sohole<,  near  Letdi,  tho  yoitngeft  fi» 
.«f  colonel  BiMike. 

At  Thomer, .  Ukewifi  near  LMty  Mr* 
Mamiadukc  Tarfon,  mwf  ycaes  •  Wcal 
pacber  te  the  Into  MnWe^y*t4» 
ntzlun.  ;    - . 

MoMTM.  Ma«.  Kf.  XXXV, 


At  Baildon.  lyar  Bradford^  %fter  n  f$M  4»y« 
jllacfs,  Mrs.  Cockihott. 

MtrritJ,]  At  Liverpool,  Mr.  Thomani 
Mofs,  merchant,  ^Mift  Griffiet.  Mt^  U»  . 
fephfarrex^  merchant,  to  Mifs  Elita  U^% 
daughter  of  Mr.  Henry  NcUd,  of  AulUirJ- 
ton,  in  Cheihlre.  Mr.  Edward  Thompfonp 
nainter,  ag^  g{,  tp  Mrt.  Groves,  »gei 41^ 
Mr.  George  Atkinfon  to  Mifs  Mary  Evmnt. 

At  Mancheftcr,  Mr.  John  Parry,  merohxn^ 
to  Miis  Wright.  Mr.  Wm.  Fletcher  to  Mi^ 
Mann.  Mr.  TkK»mM  ThackerytoMiisM«^ 
4o(,  of  Smedicy. 

At  Ormiki*,  Mr.  Wm.  Warelng,  i»o^ 
hey,  to  Mift  Catherine  Parr,  daughter  ^^ 
the  late  al<krman  |ohn  Parr,  of  Liverpool. 

At  Macclesfiad,  Mr.  Lee,  attorney,  !• 
Mifs^im^on. 

Z)iW.]  AtLancafter,  tged  91,  Mft.1^ 
tience  Harrifon.  In  her  yaCh  yetr^^  Mt»* 
BlixabethPrankUaa.  audde&ly>  Mr.  Tkoo^ 
Ralph,  whittfmith.  : 

Oft  his  ptHage  frpm  the  to^ft  di  Ansea*   - 
Mr.  Henry  Wood,  of  Liverpool,      ^    - 

At  Mancheaer,  of  a  liogering  confiUBptloftt 
borne  with  great  fortitude  and  refignttte^ 
Mrs.  tigmii^  wife  of  Mr,  John  Ugnnag^ 
furgeon.    4 

At  Preftoo,  in  a  very  adVAOMd  ag«,  Mfi, 
Hornby.  Mr.  Charles  Roberts,  of  the  toypi 
Prefton  volunteers. 

At  Bootlc,  aged  %j^  Mr.  Edward  Aihaoft, 
fiUherof  Mr.  £.  Aihcrofc,  of  S^cHowHonffs 
near  Liverpool. 

At  Huns  Fold,  in  Totting«on.  at  tht  ef 
traordinary  age  of  101  years,  Mr.  Richard 
Ha^r.  He  retained  the  ufe  of  all  his  fiicttl- 
ties  to  the  laft  day  of  his  Ufe  4  and  within- m 
fortnight  of  his  deceafc,  could  eat  a  M^ 
crui^  of  bread  as  eafily  at  in  his  yonth.  He 
has  left  a  daughur  .and  foo-ia-law,  whofe 
joint  ages  amount  to  254  yean. 

Mr.  Hoghesy  wife  of  Mr.  M.  Boghfti  U 
»t.  Helen.  ' 

At  Skmton  inCrarcB,  fuddenly^  m^. 
Thomas  Wharton,  innkeeper. 

At  Wigan,  Mi^  Lowe,  wife  of  Mr.  Ttmei 
Lowe,  fuiUan  xnaaufV^urer.  Mr.  Chrifty. 
Mr.  Ellam. 

CBXfKXM-  . 

M^rriftC]  At  Cheftcr,"^Phmp  HnrnW 
fton,  ef<i.  to  Mid  Cotton,  eldeH  daughter  9c 
the  rev.  the  dean  of  Chefter. 

At  Nantwich,  the  rev.  John  Lnthaa,  ce- 
rate of  that  place,  to  Mid  Snelfnn,  daughter 
of  Mr.  $nel^  ttatiooer. ' 

At  Overton,  Mr.  Thomai  Clailtf,  10  im 
SUenXkiwns. 

At  Pi«ftbw3(,.CWies  Anttvbut,  ^,  9f 
Afioftoc)t»  to  Mift  BrfMtdhucili  9f  Henbury. 

Ditd.1  At  Chefter,  9gtA  ^%,  Mi«.  Ma«t 
Wetenhall.  In  her  tji  year,  Mrs.  Bamft^. 
Mr.  Tbomai  Hand,  corkculter.  Mr.  W«B. 
Cuffie.  Mr.  Wm.  l>km»  Mtome^  f^^ 
Gregory,  of  ScaUi^  . 

^    At  AUQ%iteey.iMArCbi»jBr,, Mr.  W^Qdi. 


3^2    Dffi^ire...:mitlngbamfinr. 

gentleminy  on  account  of  certain  pccunta 
difappuintmcnt^,  fctlddcd'himfclf  froro  ' 
Vtety  for  tb€  long  term  of  i8  ytait. ' 
■*At  the  GUft-houfe,   near  Cheftcr,  h    • 
'  «'Wrtttr.    • '      * 
*    At  Stoke,  near   Nantwicb,  Mr.  Wil 
•Sfrofton. 

•  At  Middle wich,  aged  8 1 ,  Mr.  John  Se? 

DEIBYSKIVZ. 

•'  Married,']  At  Grcflcy>  the  rev. 
iX}r«l!cy  to  Mift  LouifA  Greflcy,  diugh 
the  late  Sir  Nigal  Grefley,  bart. 

At  Melbourne,    Mr.  Callen,    drapv., 
.Vottinghtm,  to  Mifs  Chambcrlam,  of  the  ■ 
former  pUcc. 

Dted.]-fiit  Derby,  at  the  Bell  Inti,  Mr. 
*^.  R;rd,  of  Manche^r.  ^  He  was  fcUed  the 
t  i',ccJ>.ig  day  with  an  apopIcfHc  fie,  to  which 
'hi*  ftidkndcith  is  attributed.     In  her  83J 

^•"Af  IbftocJc^  Mr.  Thomat  Dethick,  fon  of 
Mr^Dc^hick,  or  WilUngtoh. 

•  •    '^   '-      WO-ITINOffAMSH(Kft. 

MjrrUd.]  At  Nottingham,  Mr.  R.  Kil- 
•fmgTey;  t<»  Mifi  Ma.Ia  Wilf^n.  Mr.Thomp- 
•fon','  fttrgccn,  of  Kewiric,  to  Mits  f  Ictchcr, 
«4st]gbteT  of  John  Flctther,  g«**  of  Notting- 
ham. ^  * 

At  ^Arnold,  Mr.  John  StubMns,  jun.   of 

•Kottinghain^ .  hofiery  to  Mifs  Mary  Cooke,  of 

Redhill,  in  the  pariih  of  Arnold. 

••    Died.]  At  Nottingham,  Mn.  Mayne.  Mr. 

'Bradwell,  fen.    Aged  31,  after  a  long  illnefs, 

which  fhe  bore  with   great  fortitude,  Mrs. 

•Rjgsdale,  of  the  Three  Crowns  Inn,  in  Par- 

liament-ftftTt,     Mrt.  Barton.  ' 

•  •  At   Bramcote,    near   Nottingham,  IH   his 

•  «6th  year,  Mr.  Georsc  Robinfon.     His  death 
n-Anterely  regretted. 

'    At    Bingham,    a^ed   68,    Mrs.    Stafford, 

•  ^Nriddw^  6f  Mr.  Stat>urd,  many  years  a  tefpeft- 
,ablc  fchool-mif^er  in  that  town. 

•  'At-Gedling  v.^>rkhoo(e,  in  his  96th  year, 
John   FltnJcrs,    pcnfioner.      He  ferved   his 

'  cAuntry  &»  VCTr*  in  the  capacity  of  a  foldier, 
34  of  which  he  was  a  gunner  in  the  royal  tr- 

•  littery;  1^  year*  in  rtic  8th,  or  king's  own 

•  •  tcgiii»ent«f  foot,  and  fix  years  in  the  5»d  re- 

giment,   general    Lambton.     Whilft  in  the 

8th  regiment,  he  vAa  prefent  in  fix  battles 

'and  tw«j  fibgcs,  viz.  the  battles  of  D.'ttingen, 

Fbnfcnoy,  Falkirk,  CuUodcn,  Rackoo,  and 

'   Val,  and  the   fieges  of  Stirling  Caftle  and 

•  *9tr^n^pJi»om.  ■  He  was  trcwardcd  far  his 
•long  and  faithful  fervices,  by  a  penfion  from 

government,  which  enabled  him  in  his  old 

•  •€«  1*0  I4vc  Gomlbrtably  in  hit  natire  ptti/h 
^ot'  Gedllng;    but  it  is  a  remsirkable  circuin- 

•  l^a^t,.  tlftt,    after  making  experiment  of 
lt»ny  private  families,  he  prelserred  boarding 

•'.himfelf  In  the'  pariih  wo»khOttf«-fof  icvcral 
ycira  pfevious  to  hit'deceafe.  • 

•^  tlWcOLNIHIRT. 

-  •>    iff#MJL]fAt.Sum^d,  after  a  c«^rt(htp 
of   a   few   djys,  Cbriftofhcr' Peat,   «fq.  to 

'  ^Un.  VaaikiMfm^  wkSow  of  «t  hu  Mr. 


4irilbrmall  CrcJTi.    Mr.  Chirlu 
Mifs  Rayment. 

y,   near  Ralfin,   Mr.  Cai^erton, 

*    r  It.  Peter  at  Arches,  Lincoln,  tfi\ 

t  .lufic,  to  Milii  Sanh  Fox,  of  Cal- 

»d'St.  Mary*s,  the  rev.  Mr.  Jw- 
.ong  Sutton,  to  Mift  AanStangcr, 
mer  place. 

Stofr,  Mr.  Thomas  Bower,  gtazler, 
andall. 

At  Bofton,  in  hci'x3d.ycar|  much 
•       '     ,  Mifs  Tayton. 

hittlefca,  Mrs.  Aveling,  grocer.  She 
>%^.  erfeft  health  a  few  minutes  previoQi 
to  her  fudden  death. 

At  GranCham,  Mrs.  Winter;  tvtfe  of  Mr. 
Winter,  grocer. 

AtRaithby,  Sophia  Davis,  eldefl daughter 
of  Mr.  Davit,  of  ^Loughborough. 

At  Bourn,  in  his  67th  year,  George  Pb- 
«hin,  efq.  colonel  of  the  Leicefterdiire  regi- 
ihent  of  militia,  and  deputy  lieutenant  loi 
migiftrate  for  the'COuntiea  of  Leiceilerand 
Lincoln.  At  the  firft  forming  of  the  militii 
for  this  county,  Mr.  P.  was  appointed  cap- 
Uin,  and  ferved  till  the  conclnfion  of  the 
•war  in  1763.  In  the  year  1778,  he  was  pr»- 
moted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel,  in 
which  fituation  he  ferved  during  the  Amt- 
rican  war,  iHd,  upon  the  death  of  the  doks 
of  Rutland,  Hi  1787,  he  was  appointed  to  the 
command  of  the  regiment.  In  liit  public  ca- 
pacity  he  was  moll  defervcdly  cfteemed,  as  i 
good  foldier,  and  a  fattRfilt,'  upright  and  in- 
fleaiWc  magiftrate  j  in  the  retired  wallcs  (i 
domeftic  privacy,  Ipi  benevolence  and  ttfii- 

•  form  Integrity  procured  him  Ibl  refped  and 
love  of  all  who  had  An  opportunity  of  kaoa^- 
ing  him. 

At  Navenby,  near  Lincoln,  in  her  $>i 
year,  Mrs^Iizabeth  Gill,  w»e  of  Mr.  Jo- 
feph  Gill,  wheelwright. 

ItVTLAND. 

Married.]  At  Kettoa,  Mr.  Stanger,  to 
Mift  Kirke. 

Died,]  At  Barrow,  Mr.  Darker,  fanner 
and  grasicr. 

Mrs.  Berridge,  wife  of  Mr.  Bcnidge,  rf 
Cottefroore,  farmer  and  graster. 

At  Emplngham,  Mr.  Brad/haw,  pae- 
keeper  to  Sir  Gilbert  Hcatbcote,  bart. 

ttlCCSTXRSttinC. 

.     Earl  Moira  Km  enrolled  hlmfclf  a  pnva*? 

volunteer  in  the  Leicefteryeortanry  cavalry. 

Died.]     At  Lcicefter,  Mr.  Ireland,  printr, 

•  to  Milt  MiHer.  Mr.  lliff,  draper,  to  Mifs 
Keep,  of  Kettering. 

Mr.  Thomas  Mitchell,  of  Bmcfteo,  ^ 
'  Mfd  ChniAbtTljIn,  of  Syfton. 

Died,]  At  Leicefter,  Mrt.  lowdto, 
widow  of  the  late  Mr.  F.  G.  Lowdhain, 
hofler.  Aged  8a,  Mr«.  Wolv«W»an,  widow 
of  Mr.  Wolverftan*  of  Bole  ttrft;  "SM^- 
"Aire.  Sh<?  wai  a  very  eccentric,  but  *t  tht 
-«iiM!  time  amiabtc  cHaratter'  Mr.th^nu 
Bird.'   .  .-:.:.•..: 


StafirdJlnre..,,W(irwkkJI:m....Sbx»f^^  .  %f^ 


At  Mclcon,  (in  the  bloom  of  yottth»  Mlfs 
A)ice  Healy,  of  Shoby. 
Mr.  Junes  Prefton,  tanner,  of  Button  L4- 

MTttl. 

iTArroRusMXRi. 

MarriiJ^l  At  Wolverhampton,  Mr,  Me- 
thoin,  bookbinder,  to  Mifs  Sp;nk. 

AtChcadle,  Mr.  Thomas  Smith,  tanner, 
to  Mlfs  Elisabeth  Tipper.  « 

Mr.  Thomas  Mayer,  of  taneEnd,  maltfter, 
to  Mrs.  Salt,  of  Stafl'ord. 

At  EUenhall,  Mr.  AJh,  of  EcclefluU,  to 
Mlfs  Adiifon,  of  the  former  pla9e. 

At  Burton  upon  Trent,  Heat.  Cliarles 
Perks,  of  the  Burton  Toluoteer  infantry,  of 
Sloai  Park,  near  Barton,  to  Mifs  Sherratt, 
•f  the  former  place. 

Mr.  Owen^  of  Tutbury  Woodhoufe,  to 
Miis  0eaTU,  of  Marchington. 

Dud.]  At  Stafford,  aged  S3,  Mrs.  Marr 
Green.  In  her  63d  year,  Mrs.  Fellows.  A 
few  minutes  preceding  her  death,  ihe  had 
been  walkisg  io  her  garden  ^n  perfect  health. 

At  Wolverhampton,  Mrs.  Brown.  She 
went  to  bed  the  preceding  night  in  apparent 
good  health. 

At  the  fame  place,  in  his  64th  year,  Mr. 
John  Turnpenny  Altree. 

Aged  75,  Mrs.  Lycett,  of  Shallowford. 

AtSedgcly,  Mrs.  Powell,  wife  of  the  rer. 
Mr.  Powell. 

WAlWl'cKSRIRt. 

Mmriei.'}  At  Birmingham,  Mr.  Samuel 
Hecly  to  Mifs  Ketland.  Mr.  Wm.  Hunt  to 
Mlfs  Jane  CoUefji  Mr.  Samuel  Weaver  to 
Mifs  Sarah  Walker.  Mr.  Benjamin  Aflkwell 
to  Mifs  Elirabeth  Beft.  Mc  Boddingtoh  to 
Mifs  Mary  ^luOell,  of  FoleihUl,  near  Co- 
ventry. 

At  Coventry,  Mr.  Thomas  Howell,  to 
ViU  S^rah  Pearfon,  of  Birmingham. 

At  Handfworth,  Mr.  Richard  Dean,  to 
Mlfs  Elisabeth  Baker. 

DiiJ.}  At  Birmingham,  Mr.  Richard  Un- 
dcrbilU  Mr.  John  Green,  druggift  and 
banker.  Mr.  Dicken,  builder.  Aged  71, 
Mr.  John  Beardmore.  Mr.  Henry  Lutwyche. 
After  a  long  and  painful  indifpofition,  Mr. 
CoUini.  Mifs  Holmes.  Oft  decline,  Mifs 
Weftwood,  eldeft  daughter  of  Mr.  O.  Weft- 
vood.    Mrs.  Palin.    Mrs.  Come. 

At  Coventry,  after  a  fliort  illnefs,  Mrs. 
Davies,  brazier.  She  has  left  nine  children 
to  lament  her  lofs.  Mr.  Stephen  Scotton. 
Mrs.  White. 

Mr.  Richard  Groves,  of  Great  Barr.  He 
wu  a  very  ingenious  and  Ikllful  mechanic. 

At  FoU(hill,  near  Coventry,  Mr.   Benja- 

At  Shrewlcy,  in  the  ptrifli  of  Hatton,  in 
thito«uity,  Mrs.  Archer,  widow  of  the  late 
Mr.  Lawrence  Archer.  fJo  woman  ever 
naintainci  a  more  amiable  and  refpc^ble 
chaioa^. 

At>  {Spark  Brook,  near  Blrmlngbftm,  fo  his 
77th  yeas,  Mr*  WilUaiq  $hore. 

At  Huiiworth,  near  Birmin£haiii»  Mr. 
WUlhaOamWUb. 


At  Cakemore,  near  Hales  Owcp.  Mr. 
Thomas  Adams. 

SHtOrSMIRZ. 

The  beautiful  turret  ot  the  churc^j  of  ^ 
Chad*s>  in  Sbrewftary,  will  fpccdily  rccc'tt^, 
an  acquificion  of  a  new 'peal  of  twelvt  bells, 
which  have  been  .pronounced,  bycorapetcnf 
judges,  to  he  the  b'cft  mufical*  peal  in  tiio 
kingdom.  /  •  ^ 

MarriaL]  At  Shrewsbury,  Mr.  T.  Hd- 
wards,  of  Mfford,  Montgomeryfhire,  to  Mrs. 
Rogers,  of  FrAnkwclL  Mr.  Richards  to 
Mifs  Yall,  o/Pretton.  ^ 

«»  At  Difhop's  Caftle,  Mr.  Bodenham,  -lincB-* 
drnpcr,  of  SLrewIbury,  to  Mifs  Sufan  Home;- 
of  the  former  place. 

At  Ofweftry,'  Mr.  Rogers,  of  Crofemere^ 
to  Mifs  Sarah  Croaon* 

At  St.  Chad's,*  Mr.  Gregory,  of  the  Bog 
Mines,  toMifsMaryPugh,  of  KJnnerton.  ' 

Died.]  At  Shre'A-ftury,  Mrs.  Blakcway^ 
wife  of  Mr.  Joihua  Blake  way,  of  the  Abbey 
Foregite.  In  her  S6th  year,  after  a  vety  fo- 
vere  illnefs,  Mrs.  Ramfbottom.  Aged  64, 
Mr.  Evan  Owen. 

At  Ludlow,  in  his  75th  year,  captain  Wpo^ 
Pugh.*  Mrs.  Harley,  wife  of  Mr.  Harlcy, 
dyer.     MrtWCollser.     Mifs  Jordan. 

At  Adon,  Reynold  Hall,  Mr.  Robert 
Smith. 

At  Whitchnieh,  .aged  7»>  Mr.  Willbm 
Batho.     Mr.  Thomas  Jebb,  millfr- 

At  Wellington,  aged  7*,  Mr.  Thomas  Ore. 
He  was  upwards  of  40  years  agent  to  the  Utd 
Edward  Cludde,  efq.  of  Orlton,  and  through 
the  long  period  of  his  life,  uniformly  main- 
tained the  charafter  of  ftriit  integrity,  and 
•Irasruniverfally  efteemcd  for  the  goodnefs  of 
his  heart. 

At  Wclflipool,  Mr.  Thomas  Parry,  one  of 
the  aldermen  of  th^  corporation. 

At  Burlton,  aged  74-i  Mt«.  Ann  Pem- 
berton. 

WORCKSTRRSRIRE. 

Married.^  At  Longdon,  Mr.  Thomas  HSU* 
farmer,  of  New  Town,  near  Worcefter,.  t4 
Mifs  Sufan  Ireland,  of  the  former  place.        ■ 

At  King^s  Norton,  Edward  Owen,  efq.  Of 
Garth,  Merioneth/hire,  to  MUs  HighwRft 
of  Moneyhill,  in  this  county. 

Dkd,]  At  Worccftcr,  Mrs.  Dennis.  Sud- 
denly, while  fitting  In  a  chair  at  Ker  fon*s 
houfe,  Mrs.  Handy,  aged  So.  Univerfally 
regretted,  Mr.  Henry  Were.  He  fcrvedthe 
office  of  mayor  in  179$.  At  the  adva«oed 
age  of  9S,  Mfk  Sufannah  Davfs. 

At  Rofe  Place,  near  Worccfter,  Mifs  Elia* 
Gk>ver  Williams,  fceond  daughter  of  ThMDa$ 
Williams,  eft). 

Ac  Bremfgrore,  after  a  {^ysn  illoefs»  M^* 
Johm  Webb,  attorney. 

At  Inkberrow,  Mr.  Thomas  Davies,  lat* 
mer. 

At  Droitwich,  Mr.  Wm.  Smith*,  gnifier. 
'  At  Hiftton  Lane,  near  Woroeiler,  Mr*  Bel* 
lamy,  timber^mercUant  •     '        ' 

Mrs.  Lttcaa,  wife  of  Mr.  JUtcM^fanmr*  of 
the  IriUli  Lodge,  Hanb^r^. 


yi^        Mfrefiri/lnri....XAnnmteb^ri..^GUuci/€rJ^^     (fc. 


Kr.  Wilfiaai  Chuicc,  •  wealthy  ftnoer* 
tftuoumoii,  is  U|o|triikof  Hialip. 

as»sro»DiMXts. 
^  M^l   At  Hereford,  Mn.  Benoct,  Mr. 
%9fu  PblUrt,  M«f.    Mr.  Joici^h  AImtu» 

,  Aci.«amiafttt»«gcdSS,Mn.  Price.  After 
•  jila^eriAg  lUaefr,  Mr.  Robert  Scw«4.  Mr. 
0U^>^»  wheelwright. 

Mf.  H«Bku»»  of  the  Pigeto  Boufe^  U 
4i  parifi^  of  WcftoB  B«M  v<^- 

la  h:»  74<b  yew,  Mr.  JoTeph  Pritch«4, 
Aracrj  of  CaBwoa4»  ui  the  fanih  of  WocA- 


MOltMOVTNIHIBS. 

^  ZM.l  4c  MoiiinMih»  Mn.  Eadee,  of 
AeM«U»oufe. 

Ac  Mauidoe,  aear  Newport,  the  Udy  of 
w.  Kesieye,  ert|« 

'  At.  Troy  Ht^ufe,  n$Mi  Monmouth,  Miie 
jUch^niSj  OAiy  daogKccr  of  Mr.  LewU 
l^kharOi,  ftcward  to  th/e  4uke  of  Bciufort. 

«tOVCS»TKItSHlBK. 

.  MkrrW.]     At  Glouccfter,  capt.   Macdo* 

»1^  of  the  17th  light  dragoons,  to  MiU 
Woodifiel^,  daughter  of  Stephen  Woodiiield, 
~  cf^  of  thii  town. 
•  At  Bri^ol,  Mr.  Jamee  Hirrii*  joo.  to 
Mirs  Mary  Raikcn.  Mr.  WilUam  Uwis, 
p  Mift  Cooper.  .  Mr.  John  PrUhard,  vicar 
choral  of  St.  t>avjd*t  Cathedral,  to  Mifa 
fuomont.  The  joint  ages  of  the  bridegroom, 
the  bridoiaaid,  the  perfon  who  gave  the  brtdt 
?wav,  and  the  bride's  fenrant  that  attended 
«il  the  octagon,  wanted  fevcn  years  of  the 
tgc«f  the  bride. 

.   At  Clifton,  John  Wintle,  cfi].  of  Frocei^ 
ttr,  to  M\{s  Cottchlin,  of  the  former  place. 
■    Mn  Richard  White,  of  Woodhoufe,  near 
9trottd,  to  Mifs  Hall,  daughter  of  Mr.  Wm. 
Jiall,  of  Salpcrtoo. 

Ai  Wintcrbourne,  Samuel  Shute,  efq.  of 
7reo«h^,  to  Mils  Ricketts,  of  London. 

At  Weftbury  upon  Trim,  Jamea  Maein* 
Hih,  eiq.  bair.ilcr,  to  Mifs  Allen,  fider  to 
Mrs.  Wedgwioi,  of  Cotehoufe,  in  that  pariih. 

DuJ."}  At  Glouccfter,  in  his  Scth  year, 
Mr«  George  Cowles,  formerly  an  eminent 
«Oni-dealer,  but  who  had  retired  from  bufi- 
JKIS  for  many  ycara. 

At  Btiry  Fieldhoufe,  Bourton  on  the 
Water,  after  a  lingering  illnel's,  Mrs.  Wil- 
luna,  wife  of  the  tev.  Wm^  Wilkiiis. 

At  Kington,  near  Thornbury,  Mr.  Obed; 
thiarlion. 

At  Crevr/}iole,  Mr.  Samuj^l  Crinki,  ^M^ 
year*  ft  nuiicr-potter  ^nd  tum;ice«builder  at 
S«.  Philip's  gUfs^work.    He  was  a  man    f 
iUKt.honour  and  Integrity. 
»  .At  Alii»:r:on,  near  Frocefter, Richard KSogt 

,    At  Redland,  Mr.  Jeremy  Baker,  banker, 
pSfintko^A    His   beocvolencc  and  uf^'abillty 
.conciliated  the  unfeigned  cileem aiid fricndihip 
of  all  wlio  knew  Ikinft. 
.^  ^t^tapVtaon,  Mrs.  Jenoingi. 

At  Yat^,  Mn:  Fraaces  Grec^  . 

.^  At  the   HotHcUi,  ArcliIUld  John  Mac- 


doAaell,  cf<|.  of  tochgarrie,.IIorth  Britsfa 
licuteittat-<olonel  commandant  of  the  late 
1 1 3th  rygiment  of  foot. 

03(rOBDIRXftt. 

Marritd']  At  Oxford,  Mr.  John  DsyIs, 
clerk  of  the  unlveritty  and  city  bank,  to  Mifs 
Woodi,  eldeil  daughter  of  the  late  Mr. 
Woods,  of  Witney. 

A^  Witney,  Mr.  Xdward  Towereey,  or- 
ganift  of  that  town,  to  Mi£i  Frances  Ga* 


Mr.  Francis  Lamb,  of  Witney,  to  Mi& 
ElUa,  only  daughter  of  Mr.  William  Ellis, 
Unen-drapcr. 

Dm^]  At  Oxford,  aged  60,  Mr.  Jofcph 
Hedges.  In  his  iith  year,  Charles  Dtnld 
Outcb,  fourth  fon  of  the  rcT.  John  Catch, 
regiftrar  of  the  uoiverfity.  He  was  a  youth 
of  groat  promifo,  and  exemplary  morals. 

At  Bicefter,  in  his  74th  year,  Mr.  W. 
RaIU  ,  currier. 

SCOaTMAMfTOSMIIXRS. 

Mdrr'uJ*]  At  Dalliogton,  near  Northamp- 
ton, Mr.  J.  Pell,  of  Hardmead,  Bucks,  to 
Mifs  Weft,  of  Dalllngton  Lodge. 

Die4L\  At  Peterborough,  after  a  Imgerlng 
illneft,  Mrs.  Denny. 

At  Caiftcr,  near  Peterborough,  Mr.  How- 
grave,  formerly  printer  of  the  Stamford  Mer« 
cury. 

The  rcT.  Joih^  Slf phenfon,  rtCboi  of  Bti- 
ton  Segrave  and  Cranford  St.  Andrew. 

At  fUtteringa  Mr.  Richard  Schockbargb, 
chapman.  ^ 

At  Bencfield,  near  Oundle,  Mr.  Moirii,  of 
Chandos-ftreet,  London. 

BXDrOBDSHlKX.^ 

*  The  duke  of  Bedford's  immcnrcWckwaM, 
Vfhich  encircles  all  the  paddocks,  the  park, 
and  farms  in  his  large  eftate  at  Woburn,  is 
now  almoft  finifted,  not  wanting  two  hundrd 
yards  to  completo  it.'  It  is  a  moft  ftupc.':d«:i 
undertaking.  The  bafement  part  of  the  w^l 
U  four  bricks  thick,  and  the  elevation  [14 
feet  high)  three  bricks,  made  of  a  beautlrJ 
red  earth,  that  will  ikand  unimpaired  for  cen- 
turies. The  expence  o&.  this  vaft  work  ii 
faid  to  exceed  aoo,oool. 

MarrieJ.]  Mr.  Thomas  LWobd,  of  Leicb- 
ton  ButTard,  draper,  to  Mif«  Simpfbn. 

Died.]  The  rev.  John  Morris,  B.  D.  reftar 
of  Milton  Bryan,  formerly  fellow  of  St. 
John's  college,  and  chaplain  to  the  fire  duke 
of  Bedfoni,-  when  amhaiCtdot  it  Paris.  Hit 
talents  and  endowments  refle^d  honour  oa 
the  illuftrious  feminary  at  which  he  wai  edu- 
cated, and  the  purity  of  his  morals  added 
luflre  to  the  facrcd  fondiofi  in  t^htch  be  wa 
OAgaged. 

*   CAMBtlDCKSHXai. '\ 

MarriiJ.}  At  Cambridge,  W.'Thc/tim 
Coc,  to  Mrs.:Danns.  Mr.  John  laden,  Btr- 
clunt,  to  Mifs  Pryer.  "  .      ' 

Mr.  John  Merchant,  of  PatfOft  prote,  ft 
Mrs.  Johnfon,  widov»,  of  thf  late  «f.  Wo. 
JohhfcUf  of  March.  .^  •* 

^d.]  •  At  Wia>ech,^  U*jfci»if  Ii^*» 
Mr.  Thoma*  Vaux,  hattiirl' 


AV»f .....5*/^#r.  ...;iSfe«>jBw^^ 


M 


At  Wertington,  aged  ^t,  Mtf.-  WM»^ 
heai.  In  his  19th  year,  Mr.  Gh:irlet  Not'- 
(on»  fon  ttf  the  late  Mr.  Norton,  >f  tbc^Hay*  • 
cock  Ian,  Wansford. 

At  Cheftcrton,  Mrs.  Sparrow. 

HINT. 

Manied.1  At  Chatham,  Capt.  Bbchaiuin, 
if  the  royal  ruvyi  to  Mifs  Hublert,  daugti- 
ter  tff  Mr.  O.  Hulbert,  of  the  Mill  houfe 
hotel.  •  * 

At  I>eal»  Mr.  Canon,  of  Middle  Deal, 
fr&aier,  to  Miff  Hollaxns. 

AtWliitftaple,  Mr.  Andrew  Hunt,  fiir- 
mer,  to  Mifs  Cary,  of  Shiddall. 

At  Ramf^ate,  Arthur  Ahmurty,  efq.  of 
the  royal  navy,  to  Mifs  Willyams,  daughter 
•f  the  late  Robert  Wiliyamt,  efq.  of  Cnik- 
te^bury.    ' 

At  £ltham»  the  Rev.  J.  Smith,  to  Mtfi 
Ballard,  of  Wateringbury. 

At  Dymchurch,  Mr.  John  Sutton,  to  Mrs. 
Igguldcn.  Mr.'  William  Gilart,  to  Mrs. 
I>owne. 

At  Faveriham,  Mr.  Philip  Mein,  to  MiiV 
S.  Barker.  Mr.  John  Witherldge,  to  Mifs 
Barhani. 

At  Aibfordj  Mr.  Virrel,  to  Mrt.  Mary 
Bonner.' 

Dia/A  At  Canterbury,  in  hersoth  year, 
Mifs  Oltyeir  Ratcliff,  only  child  of  Mr.  Tho- 
mas Rauilff, '  of  St.  Dunftan*!,  near  Canter^ 
bury. 

AtMaidftone,  Mr.  Henrf  Atftrop,  prin- 
ter, and  mafter  of  the  Royal  Oak  publJc- 
koufe.  After  a* lingering;^ illnefs,Mrs.Petitt, 
of  the  Ship^inn. 

At  Deal^  Mrs.  Hartley,  wife  of  Mr.  Jere- 
miah Hartley,  pilot.    . 

At  Middle  Deal,  in  his  xith  year,  Mafter 
William  Iggulden,  youngeft  fon  of  John  Ig- 
gulden,  efq. 

At  Meoph^MD,  Mr.  Munday,  late  mafter  of 
the  FalftaffTnn,  at  Ga^ihtU,  near  Rochcfter, 
and.  a  member  of  Lord  Darniey's  troop  of 
yeomanry  cavalry. 

At  Borden,  near  Sittingboume,  aged  23, 
tbe  rev.  Charles  Elwyn. 

At  Smarden,  in  his  94th  year,  Mr.  Robert 
Cnderdow^. 

Mr.  W.  Kings&rd,  baker,  of  AA,  near 
Sandwich. 

At  Lydd,  Mr.  John  Fins,  carpenter'  and 
wheelwright. 

At  Baftry,  Mrs.  RufTell,  mlftrefs  of  the 
Bull  public-houfc. 
At  Lamberhuril^,  aged  71,  Mrs.  Haffcll. 
At  Northcourt  farm,  in.  Swingflcld,  ix^  a 
"ftty  advanced  age,  Mr.  Wm.  Kelfey. 

At  Chaldon,    Samuel   Parfona.     efq.    of 
Sydenham,  to  Mifs  A.  Bercsfbrd. 
siriitY. 
Marr'^,]    At  Nfe'wington,  Major  Henry 
Teefdalc,  ^(  the  King^  dragoon  guards,  to 

At  Wallington,  Mr.  Wifi,  Dredge;  to 
Mift  Ann  Knight.  

i>«?J  At'WaAdf^rtoith;  agtd  ^^.-Mn, 
«-fy  Jtckfon,  formtrly  <if  taacailer. 


Atrrftyifon,  Mr.  JMbp^  Shtffj^,.  of Ktefr* 
ftreet,  Golden-fjih^e,  BraWd.  .'-      '.-    ^  ^ 
'  SVSflt.     *  -  ' 

By  fome-tanactountable  acellent/  t(eMu 
tWfH>«/der  itrills  bcl6ngillg-«»  Mri  MatT^f,' 
together  with  a  drying-room  iAOtdn^-hwleg' 
ii»fre  totally  deftroyed  by  t-fvdden  iirprbfiMi. 
Three  men  employed  in  the  iMM  were  forM< 
into  the  air  with  the  worki,  one  of  wfaont^ai^* 
elderly  mtii,*^as  rent  toaifoms,  a^di^^nt 
parts  of  his  body  picked  u^  at  ^oitCdkHlAt' 
diftances  from  each  other,     Theothc^  two 
fen,  fadly  lacerated,  Into  an  cd joining, piec^^ 
«f  water,  out  of  which  they  were  both  takfti* 
alive,    though   deprived  of  fh«  faculty  of 
giving  any  account  of  the  i^tid^t.     One  of  ' 
thcfe  unfortunate  fuffcrert  compfcined,  fir** 
of  intolerable  heat,  drank  •  omrdtal  whffeli  ▲ 
was  offered  him,  and  dien  fafhig  be  UTtsTex^ 
tremely  cold,    cxpir«4  almoft  InJrtediaWy. 
The  other  furvivcd  the  accidedt  nearly  iwd 
hours;  during  which,  He  leebly  esolat^sei 
at  intervals,  "  'Ti*  not  all  0^^  yeta**  bat 
fald  nothing  more.    They  both  died  ♦hhowt 
apparent  agony.      By  the  above  explofiod^ 
confiderable  damage  was  done  to  the  hottft  it 
the  proprietor  of  the  mills.     The  treei  near 
the  fpot  i^re  totally  ftript  of  their  inAnfc 
foliage  and  blofToms,  and  the  whole  ctrconi^ 
jaoent  country  prtfcnted  a  liorHd  fcene  of 
4cfolation. 

Z>W.]  At  Lewet,  in  an  advanced' tge-^ 
Mr.  Wm.  Kemp,  clock  and  wawh-makerj 
but  who  had,  for  feveral  years  paft,  xctttetf 
from  bufinefs.    '  -      .     •' 

At  Arundel,  at  the  extraordinary  age  cf 
to*,  Mrs.  Spencer. 

BtRKSHIRX*.' 

Married.  ]  At  Bifham ,  Charles  GranC^  ef<N 
to  the  hon.  Emma  Cary,  youngeft  lifter  of 
Lord  Falkland. 

Mr.  G.  Goddard,  of  Pile  HiU  faoa(e,.near 
Newbury,  to  Mifs  H.  Stroud,  fecood  daugh^ 
tcr  of  Mr.  Stroud,  ef  Reading. 

Died."}  At  Reading,  in  his  S2dye»r,  gteat* 
ly  refpedcd,  Mr,  Charles  Dtfanc,  fourth  foA 
of  Mr.  Henry  Deane. 

At  the  fame  place,  in  his  76th  year,  Wot 
Blandy,  efq.  fenior  alderman  of  that  borottgh. 
In  the  relations  of  huiband  and  father,  h^ 
waa  tender  and  afte^Ionate ;  as  a  fttend  he 
was  generous  and  faithful;  as  a  magiftratk 
upright  and  independant ;  as  a  man  liberal 
and  humane.  The  inhabitants  of  Read^ig^ 
whofe  interefts  he  took  every  opportunity  to, 
^Ibmote,  will  long  reit/ember,  with  gratU 
ctide,  his  virtues,  and  revere  his  otemory. 

Mrs.  Tubb,  widow,  of  Stratfieldfay  AamL 
Mrt.  Cordery,  of  the  Royd  Oak,  In  Rted^ 
ing.  Sh^  WHS  retiring  to  bed  5  by  fosAe-'iicdU 
dent  her  clothes  caught  fire,  as  fhe  was  gohx 
up  iftairs,  and  before  aftiftance  could  be  given, 
ihe  was  feorched  ih  fo  dreadful  a  manner,  that 
(he  expired  about  xa  o^cloak  the  nextiiay. 
'   RAMrsiTiiiz.  ' 

DrfJ.]  At  Htfrftboufne,  Afrf.  DaAo^ 
widow  gif  th«  iHtf  Ricted  DtltoA,  efq. 

MIX 


Jl^*        ii»rtf^ipiitt....MBtim^^  tSc. 


Kr.  Wilttaai  Chance.  •  wesIUiy  Amiery 
tfCttousieit,  ia  U|Of •riikof  Hialip^ 

as»sro»Diiixts. 
^  M^J.  Al  Hereford,  Mn.  Bcnoi^  Mr. 
IttM  PliUipt,  btkcr.    Mr«  Jor<i»h  AlMTii, 
fin.  Goik«ciittm. 

,.  AtUonalAte^tgcd  SS'^Mn.  Price.  After 
»  UH«rwg  llSaefr,  Mr.  Robert  Sewvd.  Mr. 
OU«*er,  wiKclwrifht. 

Met .  Haaku»»  of  tbc  Piscttt  Bouick  ia 
^  periik  of  Wcfton  Beggarti. 

Ia  ^i  74<b  yew,  Mr.  Jofcph  Prttchwdf 
biwu^  of  Caawood,  ia  Uie  pariih  of  WocA- 

Mai*  MOV  rata  IBS. 
^  ZM.1    At  MoaoMath.   Mn.  Eadea,  of 

AcMa&HouTe. 

Ac  Maiadcc,  aear  Newport,  the  Udy  of 
W.  Kcsieyt,  efi. 

'  hX.  Troy  Hottfe,   naar  Monmouth,  MUa 
jUchanis,    oaly    daughter  of    Mr.    Lewia 
iM-iurdi,  ftenrard  to  the  duke  of  Beaufort. 
atovcsaTaafHiEK. 

M^nkd.}    At  Glouccfter,  c«pt.  Macdo* 
ttlfb  of  the   17th  light  dragoons,  Co  Mi(a 
Woodifiel4,  daughter  of  Stephea  Woodiiield, 
-  cf^  of  thU  eowa. 

Ac  Bri^ol,  Mr.  James  Harrii*  joo.  to 
Mifs  Mary  Ralkcn.  Mr,  WilHam  UwU, 
)»  Mifs  Cooper.  Mr.  John  Prichard,  virar 
choral  of  St.  thvid't  Cathedral,  to  Mifa 
flMaaiOos.  The  joint  ages  of  the  bridegroom, 
the  hiidomaid,  the  perfon  who  gave  the  brtdt 
awaftVy  and  the  bride*s  fenraat  that  attended 
aa  the  occafion,  wanted  feven  years  of  the 
tgcaf  Che  bride. 

.  At  Clifton,  John  Wintle,  efq.  of  Frocc£» 
ttr,  to  Mifs  Caacklin,  ^f  the  former  place. 

Miv  Richard  White,  of  Woodhoufe,  near 
ttrottd,  to  Mifs  Hail,  daughter  of  Mr.  Wm. 
Jiall,  of  Salpertoo. 

Ai  Wioterbourne,  Samuel  Shute,  efq.  of 
Treoeh^,  to  Miis  Ricketts,  of  London. 

At  Weftbury  upon  Trim,  Jamea  Macin* 
toih,  efq.  batr.dcr,  to  Mifs  Allen,  fifter  to 
Mrs.  Wedgwtoi,  of  Cotchoufe,  in  that  pariib. 

DicJ.I  At  Glouccfter,  in  his  Scth  year, 
Mr.  George  Cowles,  formerly  an  eminent 
«orn-dealer,  but  who  had  retired  from  biifi- 
jKis  for  sxuny  ycara. 

At    Berry   Fieldhoufe,   Bourton   oa   the 
Water,  alter  a  lingering  illnel's,  Mrs.  Wil- 
luaa,  wile  of  the  rev.  Wm^,  Wilkihs. 
._^  At  Kington,  near  Thornbury,  Mr.  Obed; 
Thitflbn. 

Ac  Cfcvrl^iolc,  Mr.  S^mi^l  Crlnki,  ^Mftf 
years  ft  maiier-poteer  and  tum^e-builder  at 
in.  Philip's  gUfs^work.    He  was  a  mua    f 
ill^t. honour  4nd  integrity. 
»  .  At  AUcerton,  aear  Froceficr,  Richard  Kiagt 

,    At  Redland,  Mr.  Jeremy  Baker,  banker, 
«>f  &»iW«    His   beocvoience  and.  affability 
.conciliated  tiv§  unfeigned  cilcemai.dfricndlhip 
of  all  who  knew  hj(«. 
.^  AcStaplaton,  Mrs.  Jeonlngf. 

At  Yat^,  Mn:  Fraaces  Grc^^  . 

,  At  the   Hot w til*,  Archi*Wa  John  Mac- 


donaelli  efq.  of  tochgarrie^.Vorth  Britata 
licuteaaat-«olonel  eommandant  of  the  late 
1 1 3th  regiment  of  foot. 

03(roaDiRxat.  . 

Married]  At  Oxford,  Mr.  John  Davit, 
clerk  of  the  unlvcrlicy  and  city  hank,  to  Mifs 
Woods,  cUeil  daughter  of  the  laU  Mr. 
Woods,  of  Witney. 

A^  Witney,  Mr.  Xdward  Towertcy,  or. 
pnift  of  that  town,  to  Mifs  Frances  Ccr- 
nuia. 

Mr.  Francis  Lamb,  of  Witney,  to  Mift 
Ellit,  only  daughter  of  Mr.  William  Ellis, 
linen-draper. 

JDud.]  At  Oxford,  aged  60,  Mr.  Jofeph 
Hedges.  In  his  ilth  year,  Charles  Dsald 
Ouuh,  fourth  fon  of  the  rev.  John  Gvtcb, 
regiftrar  of  the  uoiverfity.  He  was  a  youth 
of  grtat  promifo,  and  exemplary  morals, 

At  Bicefter,  ia  bis  74th  year,  Mr.W. 
RoUs,  currier. 

s<oaTRAMfToi»aKras. 

MsrritJ.]  At  Dalliogcon,  near  Northanp- 
ton,  Mr.  J.  Pell,  of  Hardmead,  Bucks,  tt 
Mifs  Weft,  of  Dallington  Lodge. 

Died.y  At  Peterborough,  after  a  Itogerlag 
illnel^,  Mrs.  Denny. 

AtCaifter,  near  Peterborough,  Mr.  How* 
grave,  formerly  printer  of  the  Stamford  Mer* 
cury. 

The  rcT.  Jofhu^  Strphenfon,  redor  of  Bai« 
ton  Segrave  and  Cranford  St.  Andrew. 

At  Kettering^  Mr.  Richard  Scbuckbargb, 
chapman. 

At  Bcnefield,  near  Ounole,  Mr.  Morris,  of 
Chandos-ftreet,  London. 

asDroaDSHiax.^ 
'  The  duke  of  Bedford's  immcnrcWck  wall, 
Vfhich  encircles  all  the  paddocks,  the  park, 
and  farms  in  his  large  eftate  at  Wobura,  is 
now  almoll  finiihcd,  not  wanting  two  huridrH 
yards  to  compleu  it.  It  is  a  moft  ilupctioiic 
undertaking.  The  bafement  part  of  the  will 
is  four  bricks  thick,  and  the  elevation  (li 
feet  high)  three  bricks,  made  of  a  besutit'ul 
red  earth,  that  will  iUnd  unimpaired  for  ccv 
turies.  The  expence  oL  this  vaft  work  li 
faid  to  exceed  aoo,oool. 

Married,]  Mr.  Thomas  LWood,  of  Leigh' 
too  Bufliird,  draper,  to  Mifi  Simpfbn. 

D:eJ.]  The  rev.  John  Morris,  B.  D.  rcftar 
of  Milton  Bryan,  formerly  fellow  of  St. 
John's  college,  and  chaplain  to  the  J«c  dute 
of  Bedford,  when  ambaflador  at  Paris.  Hii 
talents  and  endowments  reflcAed  honour  on 
the  illuftrious  fcminary  at  which  he  was  edu- 
cated, and  the  purity  of  his  morals  addtd 
luftre  to  the  lacrcd  fuafiion  in  «rhich  he  was 
a/iga£idi 

CAMBEIDCKSHXat. 

Married.]  At  C^bridgc,  M#.  Thtfrna 
Coc,  to  Mr»-'Dtnns.  M'.  JoJ"l  Eaden,  ocr- 
chant,  to'  Mifs  Prver. 

Mr- John  Merchant,  of  Patfoo  Urott,  ft 
Mrs.  Johnfon,  widoyr  of  the  late  Mf.  Wm. 
Johnfcu,  cf  March.  '  ' 

pud.]  '  At  Wia>eclv,  in  tt^jprlaii  .^liiff 
Mr.  Thomas  Vaux,  hatter.  -  »  -  - 

At 


*    keni;,...Sliffi9i.,.,\UampJUn^  ^| 


At  Werrlngton,  aged  ^t,  Mil.-  Whlfe^ 
bead.  In  hU  X9th  year,  Mr.  Gharlet  Nor* 
Coa,  Ton  af  the  late  Mr.  Norton,  >f  ttht'Hay- ' 
cock  Inn,  Wansford. 

At  Chefterton,  Mfs.  Spafrow. 

K«NT. 

MatrkdA  At  Chatham,  Capt.  Buchanan, 
«f  the  royal  ns^vy,  to  Mifs  Hublert,  datii^ii* 
ler  of  Mr.  G.  Hulhert,  of  th«  MtU  houfe 
hotel.  •  * 

At  Deal,  Mr.  Canon,  of  Middle  Deal, 
frazier,  to  Mift  Hollaroi. 

AtWhatftjple,  Mr.  Andrew  Hrnit,  lar- 
mer,  to  Mifs  Cary,  of  ShiddalL 

At  Ramfijatc,  Arthur  Ahmurty,  efq.  of 
the  royal  navy,  to  Mifs  Willyams,  daughter 
«f  the  late  Robert  WiUyamt,  efq.  of  Can- 
tertury.    ' 

At  Eltham,  the  Rev.  J.  Smith,  t<i  Mifs 
Ballard,  of  Wateringbury. 

Ac  Dymchurchf  Mr.  John  Sotton,  to  Mrs. 
Igguldcn.  Mr.'-lirilUam  Gilart,  to  Mrs. 
Downe. 

At  Faveriham,  Mr.  Philip  Mein,  to  Mifi 
S.  Barker.  Mr.  John  Withcridge,  to  Mifs 
Barham. 

At  Aihford^  Mr.  Virrel,  to  Mrs.  Mary 
Bonner.' 

D'uJA  At  Canterbury,  !n  her  loth  year, 
Mifs  Oliver  Ratcliff,  only  child  of  Mr.  Tho- 
mas Ratcliff','of  St.  DunfhmV,  near  Canter^ 
bury. 

AtMaidftone,  Mr.  Henrf  Aiftrop,  prin> 
ter,  and  roafter  <oi  the  Royal  Oak  public- 
houfe.  Af^er  a'liogering;^iUnefs,  Mrs.  Petit t, 
of  the  Ship-inn. 

Ac  Deal«  Mrs.  Hartley,  wife  of  Mr.  Jer^. 
mlah  Hartley,  pilot.    . 

At  Middle  Deal,  in  his  nth  year,  Mailer 
William  Iggulden,  youngeil  fon  of  John  Ig- 
gulden,  eiq. 

At  Mcophanis  Mr.  Munday,  late  mafter  of 
the  Falllaff  inn,  at  Ga^lihill,  near  Rochcfter, 
tiA  a  member  of  Lord  Darniey^s  troop  oi 
yeomanry  cavalry. 

Ac  Borden,  near  Sittingboume,  aged  23, 
the  rev.  Charles  Elwyn. 

AtSmaiden,  inhis94thycar,  Mr.Rohert 
Underdow«. 

Mr.  W.  Kiogsfbrd,  baker,  of  Aih,  near 
Sandwich. 

At  JLydd,  Mr.  John  Fins,  carpenter'  and 
whtclwrighC 

At  Eadry,  Mn.  RufTell,  miftrefs  of  the 
Ball  pubiic-houfe. 

At  Laroberhurjft,  aged  71,  Mrs.  Haffcll. 

At  Northcourt  farm,  in.Swingficld,  in  a 
very  advanced  age,  Mr.  Wm.  Kelfey. 

At  Chaldon,  Samuel  Pzrfona.  efq.  "of 
Sydenham,  to  Mifs  A.  Betcs^rd. 

Marrled^l  At  I^wiogton,  Major  l^enry 
Teefdale,  gf .  the  King^  dragoon  guards,  to 
Mi&l^uai. 

At  Wailmgton,  Mr.  Wxfi,  Dredge;  to 
Mifs  Ann  Knitht.  ...... 

ht^  At*WaAafM)ith',  agtd  e-^/Mr^, 
Mity  Jackfon,  foriaierly  Of  Lancafter. 


At  Cfdyifen,  Mr.  JtlTepIl  ShiNi|^^'bf  Klsfr. 

ilrect,  Colden-f^i^«,  >f«Weli   ?,-'-;      .  ?•. 

'  s«s«it.  « •-  *  ' 

Bf  fom^tMiaceoontable  accllehl^  t(e-Mu 
tWfWder  41UIS  bcl6ngiftr«*  Mn  lfiVv«f/' 
together  with  a  drying-room  afttf  ft6re«<honXe/"- 
iMVe  totally  deftroyed  \y  %  fiidaen  «kp1o<ldii. 
Three  men  employed  in  the  iU»H  were  ^W^< 
into  the  air  with  the  works,  On«^^»HKon»:*tf^ 
tidttfly  mcn,'#iis  rtnt  tosKoms;  wHA^^kttti, 
parts  of  his  body  picked  u^  at  ^onl^ftuMi' 
dilhrnces  from  each  other.     The'otlie?  two 
fen,  fadly  lacerated,  toto  an  fdj^inln^,  pi«c«^ 
«f  water,  out  of  which  they  were  both  takWh 
alive,    though   deprived  of  the  fruity  of 
giving  any  account  of  the  ft^eidbnt.    One  of  ' 
tbefe  unfortunate  fufierers  complinned,  M^ 
of  intolerable  heat,  drank  a  evrdial  whftla  ▲ 
was  offered  him,  and  tlien  faying  h«  '#tr'ex« 
tremely  cold,   expired-  almbff  inicilediafely^ 
The  other  furvWed  the  accidedt  nearly  iyti 
hours;  during  which,  He  le«bly  eKOhtt^sd 
at  intervals,  "  'Tls  not  aU  <r*r  yetj"  bat 
faid  nothing  more.    They  bdth  died  without 
apparent  agony.      By  the  above  explolioii^ 
confiderable  damage  was  done  to  tbie  houfe  ^ 
the  proprietor  of  the  mills.     The  trte^  near 
the  fpot  i^re  totally  ftript  of  their  'vnhtt 
ibiiage  and  blolToms,  and  the  whole  circoii^ 
jacent  country  prefented '  a  lio^  fcene^  of 
defobtion. 

Died.'\  At  Lewet,  in  an  advarictd' afgr^ 
Mr.  Wm.  Kemp,  clock  and  waich-mi^rj 
but  who  had,  for  feveral  years  paft^  jnetbrtf 
from  bulinefs.    '  -     .     »* 

At  Arundel,  at  the  extraordinary  age  of 
f  OS,  Mrs.  Spencer. 

BtKKSHlRZt' 

Married. ]  At  Biiham,  Charles  Grant,  If^^ 
til  the  lion.  Emma  Cary,  youngeft  fifter  of 
Lord  Falkland. 

Mr.  G.  Goddard,  of  Pile  HiU  houfe, -near 
Newbury,  to  Mifs  H.  Stroud,  fecood  daugliw 
tcr  of  Mr.  Stroud,  «f  Reading.     "      '      ^ 

Died.']  At  Reading,  in  his  sad  year,  gteat* 
ly  refpe^led,  Mr.  Charles  Ddinc,  fourth  iok 
of  Mr*  Henry  Deane. 

At  the  fame  place,  in  his  76th  year,  Wnl 
Blandy,  efq.  ienior  alderman  of  that  borough. 
In  the  relations  of  huiband  and  fatheV,  h^ 
wi4  tender  and  affe^ionate ;  as  t  ftttnA  he 
was  generous  and  faithful;  as  a  magiftrate 
upright  and  independant ;  as  a  mdA  liberal 
and  humane.  The  inhabitants  of  Readfug^ 
whofe  interefts  he  took  every  opportunity  to, 
^mote,  will  long  reiti/'ember,  witM  gratU- 
thde,  his  virtues,  and  rdvcre  his  memory. 

Mrs.  Tubb,  widow,  of  Stratfieldfary  hxm, 
Mrs.  Cordery,  of  the  Roysfl  Oak,  In  Rbtfd^ 
ing.  8h<  was  retiring  to  bed  ;  by  indytiize^ 
dent  her  clothes  caught  fire^  as  ihe  was  golnS 
up  flairs^  and  before  ailifhince  could  be  givett^ 
ihe  was  fcorcfaed  ih  (b  drtaidful «  manner,  that 
(he expired  about  la  o*cloak  the  ncxtiiay.    ' 

KAMPSinkx.   *       . 

'    Died.'l     Af    Hutflboufne,    Afrf.   tbAoi^i 

widow  «f  th«  IftW  Richard  DIltoA,  efq. 


39^ 


Dorfitfiiri.^iimffttfiiit.—TrdUt — Scotland. 


.  At  Hurftboume  Park,  In  ber  tTth  year 
t&e  right  hon.  Lady  £mma  Maria  A^'^allopi 
yottflgcr  fifter  of  the  carl  df'Tortfm«uth. 

AtFarebam>  in  her  75th  year,  Mrs.  lETi- 
nbetfa  Everitt,  widftw  of  Capt.  Win.  Everitt) 
of  the  royal  navy. 

AtAlresford,  in  her  ySth  year,  Mift  Hards» 
foly  daughter  of  Wm.  Harris,  cfq. 

Suddenly,  Mr.  William  Cuonecj  of 
Biibop't  Wa]t]tam»  in  thi«  county,  attorney 
•ad  foliclter,  and  one  of  the  prodlors  of  the 
codefiaftical  court  at  Wincheftcr.  He  was 
a  gentleman  of  long  and  ex tcniivc  practice, 
aa  well  as  of  high  rcfpe6t  .and  profciiion4 
^miacDce. 

WILTBHIRI^ 

In  conlequence  of  information  giren  by 
the  conflablcs  of  Ameiburyi  fearch  warrants 
were  granted  to  featUi  the  Abbey  and  other 
boufes  in  that  town,  on  a  fufpicion  that  a 
jfoantity  of  gunpowder^  balls,  fire>arms,  &c.-* 
vcre  there  fecreted.  But»  after  the  ftrideft 
fcarchj  not  a  fingle  article  was  foundy  either 
iit  the  Ahbey,  or  at  any  oiher  houfe,  to  fane- 
tkin  this  fufpicion.  The  ladies  inhabiting 
the  Abbey  are  all  EngUfh  nuns,  of  the  moft 
vefpc^ble  fimilies  and  connexions,  who 
Jiave  emigrated  from  Flandersi  in^nfequcncc 
«f  the  revolution,  and  fought  an  afylum  in 
their  native  country. 

MarritdA  At  Bradford,  Mr.  Thonus 
Spidery  Co  Mifs  Mary  Gale. 

Mr.  J.  K.  Coles,  papcr-nuker,  of  Woolccy 
Hole,  Somerfet,  to  Mifs  Bacon,  of  Afikcott* 
in  this  county. 

Mr.  Wm.  Sheopard,  of  Styles  Hill,  near 
Frome,  to  Mrs.  Wyatt,  of  Salilbury. 

At  Rowde,  after  a  «ourt(hip  of  3 1  years, 
Mt.  Edwvd  Stilfs,  fariD'cr,  toMIfs  H;irper. 
♦    Mr.  Farr,  of  Grimrtcad,  to  Mifs  Dyer,  of 
Salisbury. 

Ditd.\  At  Saliflmfy,  in  hit  67th  year, 
^Ir.  Win,  Borrough.  This  gentleman  was 
formerly  an  eminent  jeweller,  at  Briftol,\but 
had  long  retired  from  budncfs.  Mrs.  Scy- 
arter.  Mr.  JoCeph  Boytcr,  jun.  fon  of  Mr. 
Boyter,  formerly  mafter  of  the  Three  Lions 
ina. 

At  Devizes,  fuddcnly,  Thomas  Loclce,  efq. 

At  Wilton,  after  a  very  aiBl^ing  illnefs, 
Mr.  John  Thomas,  a  capital  carpet  and 
doth  manufacturer. 

At  Milfotd,  near  Salilbury,  Mrs.  Merris. 

PORSETSHJXE. 

Dicd.l  At  Sherborne,  after  a  /hort  indif- 
.pofitlon,  Mr.  Poole,  furgebn.  He  .W4S 
grv^y  eflecmed  fur  his  benevolence  and 
(hilanLhropy. 

.  ^  At  Wc>  K'.ojth,  Fr.incis  Steward,  efq.  rc- 
jtcivcr-scacnvl  tor  the  county  of  Dorfct. 

Ac  her  brothex^s  hca^c,  at  Eovington, 
^lill.\r.  Warcc. 

!  At .  Ecamlntlery  the  eldcil  fon  of  Mr. 
'Wsme. 

'soMrftsr-r^jUftt. 

•  ,  Mi/tried.^     At  Bath,  C,  K.  T^hte,  ef^.  to 

^tj.  JLt.w:Sy  widow  oV.the  late  *r.  Lewis,  ttt{. 

jK  Str  P)2ttiC^  Mwsoibuihlhire.    Mr.*  1\ 


Camplin,  to  Miff  Maria  Byintun,  of  Spyle 
Park,  Wilts.  Thomas  Edwards,  eft^.  of 
Pontipool,  Monmouthihsre,  to  Mifs  C.  Fcr* 
rers,  daughter  of  the  late  Edward  Fcners,jeij^. 
of  Baddefley  Clinton,  Warwicldhire.  joKo 
ttarvoy  Olfney,  efq.  captain  in  the  South 
Clouceftermllitid,  to  Mifs  J.  Powell,  daugh- 
ter and  coheir  of  the  late  rev.  Gervas  Powell, 
of  ianharan,  Glamorgan.  Mr.  Redp^ih, 
attorney,  to  Mifs  ^.Blandy,  of  Notcon,  Wilts. 
Mr..  Luke  Evilt,  attorney,  to  Miis  Coyde, 
only  daughter  of  Mrs,  Coyde,  of  Hackney. 

At  Tickenham,  Mr.  Benjamin  Baker, 
farmer,  to  Mifs  Sarah  Alvis. 

At  Caftle  Cary,  Mr«Jcanes,  of  Alhamptoa, 
to  Mrs.  Clarke  of  the  former  place. 

Dud."]  At  Bath,  EJavid  Godfrey,  efq.  of 
Woodford,  Eflcx.  Mr.  Langhorne,  jeweller. 
Jamtrs  Bees,  B.  L.  L.  of  the  univerfity  of 
Cambridge,  eld  eft  fon  of  Capt.  James  Rees, 
of  the.  Eaft-India  fervice.  Mr.  Tbcmu 
Keene,  printer.  Mrs.^  Henrietta  Molcf. 
wortht  wife  of  Arthur  Molcfworth,  efq.  Is 
his  26th  year,  Mr.  Henry  Cape.  The  rer. 
Dr.  Poftlcthwaile,  maftcr  of  Trinity  college, 
Cambridge.  Philip  Richardfon',  of  Penryo, 
Cornwall.  Mrs.  Swectland,  late  widow  of 
Mr.  Lorriman,  apothecary.  Mr.  Pcterfwili 
Mr.  Stephen  Bachelor'.  Mrs.  Aodcei^'S. 
Mifs  Ann  Chilholme.  Suddenly,  without! 
minute^s  previous  indifpoiition,  Mrs.  Kelly. 
Parfon  Fenner,  efq.  of  Brian  fton-ftrcct,  Port- 
man-fquare,  Lc^idon.  Mr.  Bailee,  formerly  , 
mailer  of  the  public  gardcna^  BrighthclrotlQn^ 
Mrs.  X<eonard. 

AtWalcot,  Mifs  Elizabeth  Atklns« 

At  Wells,  Mrs.  Frecland.   .^ 
*    At  Nailfca,  Mrs.  Baddily.    ' 

At  Sheptun  Mallei,  Mifs  ]3rown.  Mr. 
Samuel  Whiteing ;  and,  a  few  minutes  sfui, 
his  mother,  Mrs.  Whiteing. ' 

fiXVOMSHlBE. 

Married.^  At  Exoter,  Mr.  Jackfon,  to 
Miff  Topiham. 

At  Plymouth,  the  rev.  W.  Hunt,  A.  B. 
of  Exeter  college,  to  Mifs  Hill ,  only  daugV 
ter  of  Mr.  A.  Hill,  land-furveyor. 

£>W.]  At  Exeter,  Mr.  Hutchias,  linen- 
draper. 

At  Tivctcon,  Mr.  William  Lewis,  t  rr- 
fpcdtablc  merchant,  and  one  of  the  propric- 
tors  of  the  bank  in  that  town. 

At  Budleigh,  Satterton,  in  his  19th  yeir, 
^Mr.  Wm.  Jackfoni  jun.  la\e  aanidihipniwi 
on  board' the  Intrepid.  He  was  a  fplrited 
young  gentleman,  and  promifcd  fair  to  be- 
cotne  a  bright,  ornament  to  his  profeiSon. 

WALES. 

pi<4.\  At  Swanfca,  Lieut.  Richard  Llt- 
tlcWt,  oF  the  royal  navy.  This  excelleot 
officer  was  comj'Umented  with  A.cor::imiinoc, 
in  reward  ot  his  gallant  condudl  at  Quebec, 
^  on  the  attack  of  Mootgomery.  His.'renmas 
were  interred  at '  Swanfea,  with  naval  b&> 
.  oours,  atl^nfted  by  thff  officers  of  the  Alfred, 
*Dot'cr  and'Ftimet  gun  bcaU*  ad^ed  toan- 
xofroui  c^ourfc.  sf  l^c^ors>  vhi>.  vrr^ 


Staland. 


397 


eaycf  to  pay  tbdr  tribute  •f  rt fpeft  to  the 
memory  «f  this  truly  brave  and  metitorioui 
officer. 

Ac  LUnelly,  Carmarthendiirc,  Sir  Edward 
Manfdl,  bart.  of  Straday, ' 

Lhrbrynmair,  in  Mont^omcryfhire,  In  hit 
torn  vear,  the  rev,  Richard  Tibbott,  piilor 
of  a  diflfentiag  congrei^ation  in  that  place.  He 
hid,  for  the  fpace  of  60  yeart,  been  a  faith- 
ful, <ealoaS|  and  ufefui  minliler  o{  the 
gol'pel. 

At  Olynn  Kbbcy,  Oarmanhen/hire,  In  a 
very  advanced  age,  L.  B.  Cwyn,  efq.  a  juft- 
ice  of  the  peace  for  the  faid  county. 

At  Bangor,  the  rev.  Mr.  Lloyd. 

tCOTLAKP. 

DieJ,^  At  Melville  houfe,  In  the  parl^ 
cf  Monimail,  Fife/hire^  M.iy  lo,  Wilhel- 
mina  Gouncefs  of  Le\'en  and  Mclvill.  She 
w«^  the  pofthumaus  4^"6^t*«'  0^  William 
Niibet,  of  Dirlton,  efq.  and  his  nineteenth 
ruild.  From  early  life  ihc  wu^diilinguifhed 
fcy  the  cotnelineft'of  her  pcrfon  and  the  amla- 
itle  qualitict  of  her  mind.  Her  undcnlandin^ 
wai  acute,  her  wit  lively  and  pleafant,  he  r 
heart  aile^ionate  and  devifed  liberal  things : 
bat  abow  all,  fhe  was  dillinguifted  by  rcH- 
gioAj  by  an  habitual  and  feryent  pietyi  a 
rrgular  and  conftant  regard  to  divine  infti- 
ti:t]ons,  and  the  vfiiccs  of  devotion.  Undef 
the  tuition  of  an  excellent  and  pious  mother, 
flic  was  formed  to  the  confident  and  exem- 
plary chaia^er  ihc  fupported  and*  difplayed 
through  life.  In  her  twentieth  year  flic  was 
ioirried  to  the  ^rl  of  Lcven,  then  jLo^d 
Balgnnie.  Her  offspring  are,  five  fons:  Alex- 
ander Lord  Ba\gonic,  Col.  David  Leflie  of  c4le 
LoyiL  Tay  Fcnclbles,  Col.  John  Lcdie  of  the 
firit  regimeot  of  guards,  Capt.  George  Leflie 
of  the  Melville  Volunteers,  and  Capt' William 
tcflic  of  the  43, who  was  killed  in  America,  in 
'7^3 »  a  young  officer  highly  rcfpcdled  and 
much  lamcBted:  and  three  daughters ;  Lady 
Jane  Stuart,  Lady  Rnthven,  Lady  Charlotte 
Leflie.  The  50th  anniverfary  of  Lord  and 
Lady  Leven's  marriage,  was  celebrated  laft 
year.  Uninterrupted  conjugal  afFe£lion  and 
felicity,  fweetened  and  heightened  by  the  ex- 
erclfe  of  the  parental  and  filial  aft'e&ions  and 
duties,  crowned  their  union.  By  her  death, 
religion  has  loft  a  fteady,  zealous,  aud  adive 
votary  i  the  poor^  »compalUonate  and  liberal 
beocfadreA;  the  neighbourhood,  an  orna- 
ment, a  model,  and  a  friend.  But  her 
fiaiily,  who  bcft  knew  her  excellence,  chiefly 
mourn  their  lofs ;  while  yet  their  grief  is 
siitigated  by  the  fympathy  of  tboufands,  and 
by  many  alleviating  circumftances  attending 
tije  feieaity  of  her  demlfc.  **  Mark  the 
f  crfeA;  behold  the  upright  j  their  latter  end 
is  peace.*' 

On  the  »7th  of  Notcmber,  at  his  brother's 
houle,  in  lit.  Andrew's  Square^  Bdinburgh, 
Charles  Stcuart,  efq.  formerly  rcCeiver-gene 
nX  of  hi$  maje^ly  V  cuftoms,  in  AmcricXf 
This  /iftuous  mart  was  born  at  Kirkwall^  in 
Otkficy,  bnthe  2z/t<Jf^Kfay,  J 72 5,  the  f on 

tf  ChSrlei  Stcuare,  tie  ihcrUT  U«rkofthat 


county ;  a  ftatlon  !n  the  law  whHK  is  mot» 
honourable  than  lucrative.— -He  loft  hi*  father 
In  X73i>  who  left  another  Ton,  James,  and 
two  daughters,  without  any  provifion  which 
might  confole  them  for  the  departure  of  a 
rcfpca.ible  parent.     Charles  Steuart  received 
his  carlieft  education  at  the  Grammar  School 
of    Kirkwall^    which  was  then  taught  by 
Murdoch  Mackenzie,  who  rofe  to  diftinguiflied 
eminence  as    a  marine  furveyor^   and   died ' 
lately  at  a  very   advanced  age.^From   the 
feminary  of  Murdoch  Mackenzie,   Charles 
Steuart  was  removed,  in  1777,  to  the  uni ver- 
ity of  Edinburgh,  where  he  ftudied  mathe* 
'matics,  under  the  celebrated  Colin  iCfacLaurio^ 
an  eminent  difciple  of  Newton .~-For  the  la- 
ftruftion  of  fuch  mafters,  he  was  indebted  t9 
the   liberal  fupport  of  his  brother,  James, 
who  had  entered  into  a  law  ofSce,  at  Bdin^r 
burgh,  in  1735,  wherein  he  ftil  1  contlmiet, 
at  the  age  of  8  r :  this  is  the  fame  gentleman 
who  marrying  the  only  daughter  cf  R'uddl- 
man,  the  celebrated  Grammarian,  was  ha^ 
pUy  deftincd  to  continue  the  race  of  that  dil- 
tingui/hed  fcholar.— <:harlcs   Steuart  was  at 
leng:h  to  enter  the  world,  with  only  his  edu* 
'Cation  to  recommend,  and  his  chara6^r,  for 
difcretiooand  honourablenefs  to  promote  him, 
•In  1741  ne  was  (cnt  to  Virginia,  as  a  ftari^ 
keeper,  by  Robert  Boy  J,  an  eminent  tobarco- 
merchant,   in  Glafgow.— In  this  ftation  he 
acquired  the  rcputition  which  he'  fupported 
through  life,  of  knowledge  in  the  theory  gif 
■bufinefs,    and   integrity  in  the  pra6licc  (^ 
affairs.— With  fuch  pretcnfions,  he  became^ 
ere  long,    a  partner  in'a  commercial  houie^ 
and  afterwards   the  mafter  of  a  mercantile 
•ftablifliment  at  Norfolk,    in  Virginia. — ^It 
was  hi:rc  that  he  h^  a  remarkable  occafion  t» 
fliew  his  bcncvplencc  of  heart  and  brayery  «f 
fpirit,  which  were  noticed  by  two  of  ftke 
grcateft   fovereijjns  in  Europe. — In  0£iober 
1762,  a  cartel  fliip  carrying  Don  Pedro  Ber* 
mu3cz,  the  fecond  luval  commariier  of  Spaio^ 
in  the  American  feas,  fcver.il  other  Spanish 
officers,  and  a  lady  of  dillin£^ion,  vyhlch  wai 
bound   from   the  Havannah   to  Cadiz,   was 
driven  h^  violence  of  weather  into  Virginia. 
—Governor  Four<(uieo,    who  received  them  «• 
with  the  attention  which  was  due  to  their 
rank,  placed' the  unfortunate  voyagers  under 
the  care  of  Charles  Steuart,  to  fupply  them^ 
as  a  merchant,  with  every  necefljiry  for  their  ' 
temporary  accommodation    and    fuhfequeat 
voyage.— Yet,    i^cir  meric  and   misfortune 
did  not  protect  them  from  the  iafult  of  a  po« 
*pular  tumult,  which  is  often  Incited  by  pre- 
judice, and  continued  by  mifap^rehennoa.i-^ 
It   was  during  this  difgracefuK  fcenc,    that 
Charles  Steuart  difplayed  his  tendernefs,  hit 
prudence,    and  his  firmnefs,— The  infultcd 
Spani.ird^  never  forgot  his  fuccef>ful.exertiont. 
•-*-The  king  of  Spain  partook  of  the  feelings 
of  his  Ibbjed^j. — The  king  of  Great  Brtnin 
felt  ftill  mote  ftrongly  for  the  dignity  of  his 
crown:  and»  Lord  £^rcmo^t>    the  ijpcretary 
pf  ftate,  exprcnTeJ  his  majcfty*s  difapproba. 
tioA  ci'  the  popular  iniulc^  wAich  hid  bcea 


ScotlaTid^^Irilafutr^Jgruubural  Riport. 


fOnsed  t94l(i|lie9-ftrias«n^  wlip  fought  6f 

ibrlt^r  in  Kis  diftant  domioionSyin  fuch  tennt 
$$  /hewed  the  Spaniih  nation  tlut  he  knew 
wbot  wift  due  to  himfclf  nnd  to  them.  Meaa- 
fimgf  Charles  Steuart  arrived  in  England^ 
■rbcre  hi*  good  condu^  was  known  and  r&> 
fipe^d.  The  Spanlih  ambanador.  Prince 
jEfcfl'craoOy  welcomed  him  as  the  prote£lor 
pi  his  countrymen^  The  king't  miniften 
rfidcavoured,  by  their  atteritiona  to  him,  at 
Mice  to  do  juilice  to  tliemfelves  aad^to  gratify 
that  dignified  minil^er.  The  chancellor  of 
the  exchequer,  Mr.  Grenville,  appointed 
Charles  Steuart  furveyor-general  of  tlie  cu» 
llimis  in  North  America  ^  an  office  of  trufty 
wihch  he  difcharged,  during  the  diiBcult 
times  of  the  ftamp  a£t,  with  ^he  approbacioa 
of  hlk  fuperiprSi  and  the  applaufe  of  the  peo- 
ple. On  the  eftabli^hment  of  the  hoird  of 
caftoms  at  Boih>ny  he  was  appointed  the  re* 
Ceiver-general  of  the  cvftonu  in  North  Ame- 
rioa;  an  office,  which  he  executed  fo  as  lo 
fain  additional  chir^^er.  In  1769  he  re- 
fwned  from  America^  and  was,  by  the  con- 
ti.-;ucd..troublc;k  of  the  timeS|  confined  there* 
jfccr  to  Britain.  While  enjoying,  in  Londoa, 
XttireU  earned  fame,  and  eafe,  hit  quiet  wat 
Interrupted  by  a  fingular  inftance  of  ingrati. 
Jm^Ci  his  negrOy  ^meriet,  becoating  idle, 
^om  indulgence,  and  bafe  from  idlenefs,  de» 
J^rtcd  his  fcrvicc^  asjd  infuited  his  pcrCoo. 
4a  indulgent  maAcr  wai  thut  induced  to 
^bnd  4  thanklefs  flavc  on  board  a  (hip  in  the 
Thames,  which  was  bound  for  Jamaica. 
Fcoaifted  by  a  little  party  fpirit,  rhe  law 
pe^  intcrpoled.  Someriiet  was  brought,  by 
the  jmMc  writ  of  hahe^  ttrfiu^  before  Lord 


Mansfield  -and  the  court  -of  lCjBg*»  Beacht 
and  jt.  was  at  length  decided,  in  1771,  that 
a  mailer  could  not  forcibly  fend  his  negro  fer* 
Taot  from  England  to  tl^  colonies.  From 
this  decifion,  it  followed,  whatever  fudi 
jodges  as  Talbot  had  thought,  or  Httdwicke 
had  faid,  that  negroes  could  not  be  confidered, 
in  this  cquntry,  as  Haves.  This  inftance  of 
ingratitude  did  not  prevent  this  benevolcat 
man  from  devoting  niuch  of  his  attention, 
and  his  income,  to  the  education  and  efta- 
bli/hment  of  his  nephews.  He  now  repaid 
to  the  fons,  by  helping  them  into  life,  the 
care  and  the  expence  of  his  elder  brother :  he 
educated  the  three  fons  of  hit  fifter,  Cecilia, 
who  had  married  the  rev.  Alexander  Ruddach, 
the  minifter  oi  Kirkwall.  And  he  had  the 
confobtionto  fee,  that  the  nephews,  whom 
he  had  thus  affifted,  by  giving,  like  a  wife 
man,  in  his  life-time,  what  he  intended  Co 
give  by  his  will,  all  dFd  well,  nod  diftlo« 
guiihed  themfelvet.  In  thU  manner  did  bt 
diflribute,  among  his  relations,  fuU  at  much 
as  he  had  to  leave  behind  him.     Having  fe(* 

.  t'  ed  his  affairs  at  London,  he  retired,  in  2790, 
to  hb  brother*8  h^ufe  in  Edinburghf  whc^ 
he  lived  in  the  boC^m  of  his  famiWi  ^ 
where  he  died,  in  a  good  old  age,  with  th« 
faith  of  a  Cbiillian,  and  the  confidence  cf  a 

.  man  who  w;^  confdoos,  at  the  moment  ef 
death,  that  he  had  endeavoured  well  through 

,  life.  The  forq^ing  fads  fumiih  the  trueft 
charafdcr  of  thii  worthy  man. 

•  latLAKO. 

r>Wj     At  WUUa«fto«n«    nUM  Dublin^ 
Major  Genera)  James  Stewart. 
.    At  Cork,  Capv  Wm.  Bright. 


MONTHLY  AGRICULTURAL  REPORT.  ' 

'^HE  cooious  falls  of  rain  in  the  middle  of  this  month  have  confideraUy  leflened  the  fears 

*    which  the  dr«?ughcy  weather,  in  the  clofc  of  the  laft,'and  beginning  of  the  prefent,  hid 

'cxftlted.     Crops,  in  general,  continue  to  put  on  the  mod  promifmg  appearances.     Clovers,  as 

well  as  other  artificial  gralfes,  and  particularly  chofe  which  have  not  been  eaten  in  the  SpriDg* 

*  look  uncon^monly  well,  and  the  paftures  are  extremely  frefli,  efpeciallynhofe  fown  dowg 

the  laft  fcafon.     For  tallows  and  fallow  crops,  the  fcalon  has  alfo  been  unufually  fine,  aad 

with  active  agricolturifts,  the  potatoe  feed  time  is  nearly  finifhcd,  and  much  of  thp  turnip 

grounds  prepared.     Summer  fallows  have  alrrady  been  moftly  twice  ploughed  over. 

Wriat,  ice,  in  the  miJland  eountiet,  it  rather  lower. 

Cur  reports  of  the  fruit  crops  arc  likcwifc  equally  promifing.  In  the  cyder  di^iAs,  thrre 
Is,  generally,  a  very  favourable  appearance,  and  in  other  counties  the  apple  crops  have  fcl*. 
^om  had  a  more  plentiful  afpc6^. 

Cattlz.  The  prict  of  cows  In  calf  and  lean  ftock,  have  in  fonie  degree  adTa.nced. 
Butchers  meat  is  alfo  fomcwhat  higher  than  in  our  laft  report. 

Sh zz p.  Ewci  and  lambs,  and  indeed  fliccp  ol"  every  kind,  arrf  getting  confiderably  higher 
in  price.  Wool  it  alfo  on  the  rife.  Beeffells  in  Smithfield  Market  from  3$.  ad.  10  4s.  2J. 
per  ftone;  mutton  from  3s.  4d.  to  4s.  j  porky  xi.  Sd.  to  3s.  ftd. 

Hoes.     Thefe  ftill  continue  low. 

Houses.     The  brttcr  fort  of  horics  are  ftill  dear,  but  the  ordinary  kinds  continue  \^r. 

Hots.  KeotiOi  hops  produce^  in  bags,  from  ^Ss.  to  zi5t.  in  pockets,  from  iDv«.  tc 
Iz6s.     The  duty  is  laid  it  9 ^,owcl. 

Kiibata.-*-Ib  }At.  Laivdseiii's  kvccr  reffc£ling  Mr,  Till ocx*s  plan  for  pi^c-nting 
the  Forgery  of  B  A  KK  of  £n  island  Net -s,  Uic  printer  omitted  a  ^urt,  and  printed  mix- 
zeftly  the  names  of  the  gentlemen  who  wore  pretcnt  virh  Mr.  L^  vnszr  a  at  the  examitri- 
Cion  ttiJtiit  at  the  back,  Jkni.  who  nppro\c«l  of  the  plan.  Th&  nsxncs  (bculd  have  been  gi  e& 
aefoltowsi  MciTrs.  Hxatm,  Bvl>^F,  Fitilir,  Loviiiv.  Sk.^kp,  and  Bastoioszx, 


TliE 


MONTHLY   MAGAZINE. 


XXXII.] 


For  JUNE,  1798. 


'  [vol. 


Abeutihe  middle  of  Jftfy  tvill  be  fub&Jbed  tbe  svpplemrhtaky  Number  to  the  Fifth 
VoLUMS  of  tbismjorkf  nvbicby  bejldes  the  Ttilej  Indexes,  and  a  t/ariety  of  'valuable 
pttpersy  lAnll  contain  a  critical  and  comfrebenjvve  Retroff>e£l  of  all  tbe  Books  ptdiUJbed 
dmv^  tbe  lafljix  montbs. 

Complete  Sets^  or  any  former  Ntipibers  of  this  Work^  may  be  bad  of  all  BookfiHers, 


ORIGINAL   COMMUNICATIONS. 


To  tbe  EeStor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 
SIR* 

IT  is  no  longer  doubted,  that  by  a 
firee  and  reciprocal  communication  of 
ideas,  which  are  current  amohg  different 
nations,  not  only  individuals  derive  much 
benefit  and  amufement,  but  alfo  the  beft 
interefts  of  fcience  are  thereby  pro- 
moted. 

Whether  our  modem  tranflators  from 
the  German  have  not  confulted  the  former 
fpeci'es  of  advantage,  rather  than  that  re-i 
fulting  from  verfions  in  favour  of  general 
literature^  is  not  very  difficult  to  afccr- 
tain. 

Among  ihtfi*e  or  fix  tboufand  publica- 
tions annually  ifluing  from  the  German 
prefs,  it  is  a  matter  of  aftooifhment,  that 
thofe  in  the  more  ufeful  bi-anches  of 
fcience  ihovld  be  almoft  entirety  over- 
looked by  our  tranflators.  Upon  repeated 
inquiries  among  bookfellers  and  pub- 
lifhers  in  this  country,  during  the  laft 
fifteen  years,  it  has  been  generally  aflert- 
ed,  that  fcarcely  any  other  verfions  from 
the  German^  but  novels,  ghofl-flories, 
poems,  and  the  like,  would  meet  with  a 
ready  (ale  in  the  Englifh  maiket.  This, 
however,  appears  to  be  an  obje£lion 
equally  frivolous  and  ill-founded.  With- 
out prefumption  it  may  be  faid,  that  the 
want  of  good  tranflations  of  fcientlfic 
works  from  the  German,  is  owing  in^ 
tireiy  to  our  imperfe£l  acquaintance  with 
the  true  ftate  of  the  literature  of  that 
country.  And,  in  order  to  enable  the 
reader  to  judge  of  the  great  variety  of 
books  911  ufietui  fubje^ls,  I  have  been  at 
confiderable  pains  of  difcovering  the 
avenge  number  of  works  that  have  anna- 
s' appeared  during  the  laft  tnvehe 
years*,  m  the  following  branches,  which 
are  throughout  intereHuig  to  every  tul- 
tivated  mind : 

*  Namely,  from  the  year  17S5   to  the 
clofe  of  the  year  1797. 

Monthly  Mag.  No.  xxxii. 


On  Education  ... 

On  Phyiics  and  Natural-Hiftory 

On  Geography  and  Hlftory  in  general 

On  Polite  Literature         -  -         - 

On  the  Aru  and  Manufadtures     -      - 

On  Policies  and  Finances  •> 

On  Mathematics         -  •  . 


130 
310 
Sao 
690 
aio 
3«<> 

I20 


In  thefe  branches        •        -    1670 

Befides  which,  there  are  publifhcd  every 

year,  nearly  the  following  number  of 

works  in  the  other  departments  of  litera* 

ture,  viz. 

In  Philology  and  General'  Science        -     3  xo 
In  Divinity,  Meuphyfics,  and  Moral 

Philofophy  ...  h^q 

In  Jurifprudence,  and  the  Art  of  War    440 
In  Medicine  and  Surgery  -  -     360 

In  the  Hiftory  of  Literature,  and  Books 
on  Mifcellaneous  Subjeds 


Adding  the  above  fbted  number 


330 

2690 
2670 


Total  annually     ^  -        -        -    5360 

"Prom  this  fummary  view  of  German 
publications,  it  is  eaiy  to  conclude  that, 
among  iuch  a  variety,  there  muf^  be  a 
numl^r  of  excellent  as  well  as  many  fri- 
volous productions.  But,  as  my  pi^fent 
aim  is  not  fo  much  directed  to  inveftigate 
the  nature  oi  the  fubjefts , which  deftrve 
to  be  tranllated,  as  to  point  out  a  few  le- 
marks  on  the  manner  in  wliich  they  have 
hitherto  been  tranflated,  I  mull  confine 
my  obfervations  within  thefe  limits. 

In  attempting  to  make  a  correft  tranf- 
lation  from  one  modem  language  into 
another,  it  certainly  is  of  the  utmofl  im- 
portance to  preferve,  as  much  as^poflible^ 
the  rpirit  of  the  original,  to  unfold, 
in  accurate  expreflions,  the  idiom,  or 
genius,  of  the  language  from  which  wc 
tranflate,  and  thus  to  do  julHcc  to  the 
author.  Whether  a  native  of  England 
or  Gci-many  is  better  calculated  to  fulfil 
thefe  conditions,  is  a  quel^ion  that  can  be 
decided  only  by  the  relative  degree  of 
knowledge  which  cither  cf  th.;ic  indivi. 
3  P  dnala 


400  I>r.  WilUch  on  Tranflatkm  from  the  Gtrman. 


ijalspoffcft  of  the  refi>eaive  languages. 
Ytt,  if  we  were  to  judge  from  the  number 
and  excellence  of  Gennan  tranflatioq* 
made  of  all  EogUih  claflics,  the^  advan- 
tage appears  to  be  in  tavoiir  of  the  Ger- 
itSiw.  Their  language  aUb  is  more  co- 
pious, and,  1  may  add,  more  pliable  m 
ft^  modern  conltruaion  Cor  rather  mver- 
Con),  than  other  modern  tongues,  fo  as 
to  facilitate  every  tranflation  into  it  from 
fecign  languages:  and,  on  that  very  ac- 
count, it  is  more  diflkult  in  its  acquifi- 
tion,  efpecially  as  it  is  uncommonly  load- 
ed with  particles,  or  expletives.  Hence 
It  may  be  accounted  for,  that  the  French 
and  Englifti  traiillations  from  the  Ger- 
man, ^<^«^^/iC  are  deficient,  both  in  pqint 
cf  fenlc  and  diaion. 

In  order  to  prove  this  anertion,  I  in- 
tended firft,  to  furnifh  you  with  corapa 
rative  paffages  from  either  the  "  Meffiab 
d'KltfpftocK'  or  from  fome  of  "  Gijfmr's 
iJyils}''  both  of  which  have  been  moft 
faintly  and  incorrefti?  tranllated  into 
Englifh.  But,  as  I  had  not  the  originals 
of  thefe  authors  in  my  poflVfTion  at  pre- 
fcnt,  I  have  taken  ihe  liberty  of  fubjoin- 
ing  a  literal  tranllation  of  the  two  firft 
ftanaas  of  "  Obero/t,  by  mdandi'  the 
prince  of  Gennan  potts,  who  h:.s  very 
lately  met  with  a  uanllator  of  great  po- 
etical talents,  in  Mr.  Sotheby.  Yet, 
as  I  cannot  approve  of  twilling  the  ori- 


Sie  arehen  im  kreife  fick  um,  bU  finh  ofll 

athem  entgeht. 
Triurof,  herr  fitter  uiumf !    Gewoancn  ift 

die  fchbne. 
Wasfaumtihr?  fort  \  dcr  Wimpel  wehtj 
Nach  Romydafs  euern  btimider  bcirgc  vater 

kr'dne! 

Mr.  Sotmeby'8  TranJhtiM. 
Yet,  once  again,  ycMufcs'.  once  again 
Saddle  the  Hyppogryf !  and  wing  my  way 
Where  regions  of  romance  their  dunn*  dif- 

play. 
VOtat  lovely  drcamj  entrance  th'  •nfettert 

brain? 
Who  round  my  brow  the  wreath  tncbantei 

braids  ? 
Who  from  my  ravifli'd  eye  difpcls  thefl»dcf, 
That  veil  the  wonders  of  the  world  of  old? 
Now  conquering,  con<iuer'd   now>  in  battle 

bold, 
I  fee  the  knight's  goodfword,  the  pagan*J 

fparkling  blades. 

In  vain  the  hoary  lultan  foams :  in  vain 
A  wood  of  threatening  lances  brif^les  rouadt 
U  breathes,  the  Iv'ry  horn  with  fprightl]r 

fottikd, 
And,   whirl'd  in  eddying  dance,   the  giddy 

train 
Spin,  till  their  breath  and  fenfes  die  away. 
Triumph!  the  fair  is  won:    why,  knight, 

delay  ? 
Forward  to  Rome :  for  thee,  th'  extended  fail, 
And  beckoning  ftretmer  fly  before  the  gale. 


•  ™:  „.A  fernw.  mmlv  ior  the  feke  of  """W  ^y  '• 


turns  and  forms,  merely  tor  the  fake  ot 
the  rhyme,  I  have,  as  literally  as  was 
confident  with  the  idiom  of  both  lan- 
guages, turned  my  Ipecimen  into  blank 
%erfe\  while  I  hare  followed  tlw  author 
from  line  to  line,  without  increafing  tlic 
number  of  verfcs,  or  changing  a  Imglc 
idea.  A.  F.  M.  WiLLicH. 

London^  Jtme^tl^t* 

OBtRON. 

Erfier  Cefaag, 
Noch  einmal  fattclt  mir  den  Hippogrj-fen, 

fhr  Mufen, 
^m  Ritt  ins  alte  romsntilhe  land  t 
'  Wie  Ucblich  urn  mcinen  enifeffeltcn  bufen 
Der  holde  wahnfinn  fpieltl  Wcr  fchlang  das 

magifchc  band 
rmmeincScirne?    Wcr  treibt-von  meinen 

angen  den  ncbel 
Per  auf  der  vorwclt  %%-undern  licgt  ? 
Ich  fch*  in  buntem  gewiihl,  bald  fvegend, 

bald  bcfiegt, 
Des  Titters  ^tttcs  fchwerc,  der  Hciden  blmk- 

cnde  i^hth 
Vcrgcbens  knlrfcht  des  alien  fultan's  aorn, 
Vcrftfrben*  drauCcinWaldvon  ftarrcn  L3nzen : 
Es  r6iit  in  h«bli«fecm  ton  das  clfenbciDcmc 

horh  • 

tJnd,  wic  cin  Wirbcl  crgreift  fie  allc  dii  wuth 

KU  taiuea 


JDr.  WXLLICH*S  literal  TyanJLrtioK, 
Once  more,  kind  Mufes !   £addle  the  H^ 

And  ffiiid  my  rWe  to  regions  of  romance! 
What  charms  are  thcfe  *round  my  unfetter*! 

brcaft  > 
Delightful  dreams  /—Who  twifts  the  mig^c 

wreath 
Round  Ob'ron's  brow  ?  Who  frees  mine  eyei 

from  (hadet. 
That  hide  the  wonders  of  the  ancient  vorld  * 
I  fee,  in  various  gronpes,  now  viaofy  captirc 

nowy 
The  knight's  good  fword,  the  pagan's  dai- 

ding  fteel. 

In  vain  the  hoary  faltan  foams  with  rage, 
la  vain  a  wood  of  frightful  lances  darts : 
The  iv'ry  horn  with  plcafing  notes  invites, 
And,  r«ging  like  a  whirl,    ihey  ail  mu^ 

daAce 
In  giddy  turns,  ^tUl  breath  and  fenfes  fill 
Triumph !  brave  knight,  rejoice  I  the  to  is 

gain'd: 
Why   ftfll    delay?    Begone!   your  Hreainct 

points 
'to  Rome:   where  th*  holy  furt-  flail  caw* 

y<9ur  piightl  .  !. .  . 


OtigtH  of  the  Highland  Drefs, 


4«* 


Letter  from  an  AwnquARv  t9  the 
Colonel  $f  a  Highland  Reoi. 
M£NT,  OM  /^< Highland  Dress. 

IN  compliance  with  your  defire,  I  have 
now  the  honour  to  fend  you  a  few  le- 
marks  on  the  Highland  drefs. 

When  I  firft  faw  in  the  papers,  that 
you  had  appeared  at  court  in  a  new  high- 
land  drefsy  fubftltuting  trowfcrs  or  pan- 
taloons for  the  philibeg,  I  was  highly 
pleafed  with  tne  improvement.  The 
oighland  drefs  is,  in  fafl^  quite  modemy 
and  any  improvement  may  be  made  with- 
out violating  antiquity.  Nay,  the 
trowfert  are  far  more  ancient  tnan  the 
philibcg. 

The  philibeg  cannot  be  traced  among 
any  of  the  Celtic  nations,  Ireland,  Wales, 
or  firetagne»  either  as  an  article  of  drefs, 
or  as  an  old  word  in  their  languages. 
Giraldus  Cambrenfis,  A.  D.  ji8o,  in- 
forms us,  that  the  Irilh  wore  bracca  or 
brteches  (that  is,  the  long,  ancienl 
breeches,  now  called  pantaloons  or  trow- 
£ers).  On  old  monuments,  the  Irifli^ 
kings  are  d relied  in  a  clofe  tunic  or  veft, 
long  trowfers  down  to  the  ancle  i  and  a 
long  loofe  robe,  fattened  on  the  breaft  by 
a  large  broach.  Perhaps  the  broacn 
might  be  fubftituted  in  your  regiment  for 
the  bread -platej  with  much  cifiume. 

In  the  book  of  drelTes,  printed  at  Paris 
1562,  from  which  fac-fimiles  are  pub- 
li(hed,  the  highland  chief  is  in  the  Iri/h 
drefs,  and  I  can  difcover  no  philibcg. 
No  part  of  the  drefs  is  tartan  j  nor  is  there 
a  plaid,  but  n  mantle.  The  women  are 
dreffed  in  (heep-lkins  j  and  as  that  fex  is 
always  more  ornamented  thai^ie  othei% 
there  is  reafon  to  believe,  that  the  com- 
mon highland  drefs  was  then  compoled  of 
iheep  or  deer-ikins. 

Certain  it  is,  that  Froiflart,  though 
aftoniihed  at  the  fauvagti  d'Ecoffe^  as 
foreigners  termed  the  highlanders,  even 
down  to  Mary*s  reign,  and  though  a 
minute  obfcrver,  remarks  no  fixt  appro- 
priated drefs  among  them^  thougti  the 
plaid  and  ohilibeg,  if  then  ufed,  muft 
have  (buck  nim  as  moft  particular.       * 

Fordun,  lib.  ii.  cap.  9,  only  mentions 
t>ie  highland  people,  as  **  amSu  defor- 
raV  a  term  which,  I  dare  fay,  you  will 
agree  with  me,  rather  applies  to  a  vague 
^ran  drefs  of  ikins,  Ic,  than  to  any 
regular  habit. 

Hcaor  Boyqc,  1516,  though  very 
minute,  is  equally  filcnt;  but  he  men- 
tions canvas  bofe  or  trowicrs,  9s  R  part 
dt'  Ib^  old  Scotiih  dreis. 


Lefley  and  Buchanan,  x  570-1 580,  are 
therefore  the  firft  who  mention  the  mo- 
dern highland  drt(%»  The  former  rc- 
prefcnts  tartan  as  then  con£ned  to  the 
ule  of  people  of  .rank.  The  latter  fays, 
the  plaids  of  his  time  were  bro^n. 

Advocates  for  the  antiquity  of  the 
philibeg  fay  it  is  borrowed  from  the  Ro- 
man militaiy  drefs.  But  it  is  quite  dif* 
ferent  \  for  the  Roman  ikirts  were  merely 
thofe  of  the  tunic,  whicli  was  worn  under 
the  armour,  whereas  the  philibeg  is  a 
detached  article  of  drefs. 

It  once  appeared  to  me  that  the  tunic 
with  Ikirts  to  the  knee,  ufed  by  the  com* 
mon  people  of  England  in  the  Saxon  and 
Norman  times  (fe:  Strutt*s  plates),  had 
paflcd  to  the  lowlands  j  and  thence  to  the 
highlands,  where  it  remained,  as  moun- 
taineers are  flow  in  changing  falhions. 

But  it  now  feems  far  more  probable, 
that  the  philibeg  arofe  from  an  article  of 
drefs,  ufed  in  Fi  ance,  England,  Scotland, 
from  about  the  year  1 500  to  1 590,namely, 
the  ancient  h^ut  de  ckaujfe  proper.  la 
Montfaucon^s  plates  may  be  feen  fome  of 
thefe  which  are  abfolute  philibegs. 

The  ancient  loofe  bracca  were  followed 
by  tight  hcfe^  covering  thigh  and  leg: 
but,  as  iliauners  advanced,  thefe  began 
to  leem  indecent  (being  linen,  fitting 
clofe,  and  llicwing  every  joint  and  form)  \ 
and  the  baut  de  cbaujfe  (or  top  of  the  bofi) 
began  to  be  ufed.  At  firft  it^was  very 
fiiort,  and  loofe  as  a  philibeg ;  was 
lengthened  by  degrees,  and  Henry  IV. 
of  France  wears  it  down  to  within  thr^ 
cr  four  inches  of  the  knee,  and  gr^thered 
like  a  petticoat  tucked*.  Louis  XIII. 
firll  appears  with  what  we  now  call 
breeches, 

Hofe  were  dill  worn  under  the  baul  de^ 
ebaujfe.  But  as  the  latter  was  lengthened, 
the  former  were  fliortened,  till  the  pre- 
fent  fiaftiion  prevailed.  The  Germans 
call  breeches  oofen^  a  term  which  we  con- 
fine to  ftockings. 

But  the  haui  de  cbauffe^  or  philibeg,  at 
firft  invented  for  the  fake  of  modefty,  and 
to  cover  that  indecent  article  the  brayettc 
or  codpiece,  has  become  amon^  the  high- 
landers  moft  indecent  in  ItfeTf,  becauijr 
they  do  not  wear,,  as  they  ought,  long 
hole,  covering  thigh  and  leg,  under  the 
philibeg.  It  is  not  only  erofsly  inde- 
cent, but  IS  filthy,  as  it  admits  didl  to 
the  &in,'and  ttnits  the  foeror  of  perfpi- 
ration;  is  abfurd,  beciuie  while  the 
brcaft,  &c,  arc  twice  cojiKealed  by  vcft 
and  plaid,  the  parts  moit  joncealcd  by 

*  Id  ItngUnd  U'rxnr4  the  i^la* 
%f%  all 


402 


Highland  Drif$.^^Kam5  of  the  Deity. 


•11  oAer  nations  trc  bnt  loofely  covtred  s 
js  effeminate,  bein^  merely  a  (hort  pet- 
ticoat, an  article  of  female  drefs  i  is  beg- 
SB-Jy,  becauie  its  fliortnefs,  and  the 
ortnefs  of  the  ftockiogs,  joined  with 
the  naked  knees,  imprefs  an  unconqucra« 
blc  idea  of  poverty  and  nakednefs. 

As  to  the  plaid,  there  is  no  reafon  to 
believe  it  more  ancient  than  the  phillbeg. 
The  chief  in  1562  appears  in  a  mantle  { 
and  if  the  common  people  were  then 
clothed  in  iheep  fkins,  the  plaid  was 
fuperfluous.  But  1  fuppofe  the  plaid 
and  phijibeg  paflcd  from  the  low  lands  to 
the  hiffh  lands  about  the  fame  time.  Our 
old  hiltorians,  in  fpeaking  of  the  high- 
landers,  always  judge  and  defcribe,  as 
was  natural,  from  tiiofe  next  the  low 
lands.  In  1715,  as  appears  from  Mr. 
Dcmpfter^s  letter,  the  remote  highlandert 
were  en[j^.  clothed  in  a  long  coat  buttoned 
down  to  the  midJeg. 

It  is  to  be  regMted  on  manv  accountsi 
that  our  old  hiftorians  wrot^  in  Latin, 
whence  their  terms  are  often  (6  vague 
as  hardly  to  admit  accurate  interpretation. 
John  Major,  who  wrote  in  1511,  fays, 
p.  54»  that  the  caUg^  (hofe  ?)  of  the  high- 
landers  did  not  extend  below  the  mid- leg  j 
and  he  defcribes  their  whole  drefs  to  be 
a  linen  ihirt  tinftured  with  faffron,  and 
a  chlamys  (plaid,  mantle,  or  loofe  coati) 
above.  He  is  focaking  of,  the  chiefs. 
The  commons  he  defcribes  as  proceeding 
to  batrie  in  a  quilted,  and  waxed,  linen 
tunic,  covered  with  deer.lkin.  Not  a 
panicle  you  will  obferve  of  the  modem 
drefs. 

The  tartan,  I  dai-e  fay,  pafled  from 
Flanders  (whence  all  our  articles  came), 
to  the  lowlands  about  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury ♦,  and  thence  to  the  highlands. 

Tartan  plaids  were  common  among  old 
women  in  the  lowlands,  in  the  laft,  arid 
even  the  prefent  century. 

Lord  Hailes  (Annals  I.  37,)  hidi- 
croufly  fuppofcs  tartan  introduced  by 
St.  Margaret^  The  writer  he  quoten  is 
only  fpeaking  of  cloths  of  fcveral  colours; 
red  cloth,  blue  cloth,  green  cloth,  &c. 
while  the  Scots  probal)lv  before  followed 
the  old  Norwegian  cuftom  of  wearing 
only  black.  '  •      '  * 

•  Jt  i»  never  mentioned  before  the  latter 
part  of  that  century.  It  firfk  appcan  in  the 
Acoonipca  of  Jini'vS  III.  1474 :  and  fecms  to 
have  pafled  from  England,  for  the  rmfge  ttr* 
tafk»  m  the  ftanires  of  the  order  of  the  Bath, 
is  thy  time  of  Bdwafd  IV.  (apMtf  UfHon  de 
Re  Mil)  19  furely  red  't«ttan,  or  doth  with 
red  ftripctol  various  IM^9. . 


Nothing  can  reconcile  the  taftelefi  re- 
gularity, and  vulgar  glare,  of  tartan  to 
the  eye  of  faihioo,  and  every  attempt  to 
introduce  it  has  failed.  But  in  your 
uniform)  by  ufing  only  two  tints  of  a 
colour  proverbially  mud,  and  without 
^lare,  all  fuch  oojeftions  are  avoided, 
and  the  general  tStB,  rendered  very  pleaf. 
ing. 

From  thefe  remaiks  it  may  be  evinced, 
that  no  antiquary  can  objeft  to  the  pro- 
priety  of  changing  the  philibeg  to  pan- 
taloons, a  change  whicn,  if  univerlaily 
introduced  into  highland  regiments,  and 
into  the  highlands,  would  be  a  laudable 
improvement.  I  have  th*  honour  to  be, 
&c. 

N.  B.  On  the  back  of  this  letter  is  a 
note  by  the  colonel.  «  The  fhilibeg 
was  invented  by  an  Englishman  m  Scot- 
land, about  60  years  ago,^*  i.  /.  about 
1705. 

•»•  From  the  foregoinj^  remarks  it 
will  appear  how  completely  abfurd  the 
ci^ume  of  many  late  painters,  theatrical 
pieces,  &c.  muft  be  m  rrprefenting  the 
^tartan  as  a  Scotiih  drefs  in  all  ages.  It 
is  alfo  proper  to  inform  them,  that  a 
highlander  is  as  different  from  a  low- 
lander  as  a  Welihman  from  an  Engliih- 
man.  The  rebellion  of  1715  and  1745 
were  thofe  of  highlanders  only. 

The  highlands  comprife  -  Sutherland, 

Caithnefs,  Rofs,  the  weft  part  of  Inver- 

f  ncfs  and  Perth^ire,  and  all  Argyleihire. 

7*0  tbi  E£for  of  the  Montblj  Magaa^^ 

SIR, 

AS  it  appears  to  be  a  lingular  circum- 
ftance,  that  almoft  all  nations  hare 
called  the  nrinciple  of  the  aniVerie  by  a 
word  which  confifU  of  four  letters,  I 
fend  you  the  following  catalogue  in  con- 
firmation of  this  portion;  and /hall  onlf 
further  obferve  that  Orpheus,  Pythagoras, 
and  Plato,  celebrated  the  firii  effable 
divinity  as  a  Tetradic  God. 

Maftsr  Place, .  Yours,  &c. 

fFahmrtb,  Tho.  Tayloi, 

God  was  called  by  the  Peritans  Syrt  j 
by  the  difciplinc  of  the  Kls^t  Or^p  tirom 
whence  Oronutfius:  by  the  AiTyriass 
Adad^  which,  accord  in  e  to  Mscrofasus, 
Cetiifies  one.  The  Goths,  according  to 
Olaus  Magnus,  called  their  greater  god 
Odm^  but  thchr  moft  powerful  divinity 
thqn.  The  Macedonian  prieftfci  as  we 
are  ififornied  by  Neanthe'si  Cvxioemis  and 
Clemens  Alexaadrinus,  involitol  vn  their 
prayers  Beth^  tint  he  might  he  prcmttasas 
iotJcawdiiheJrchiUrrav.  TheMahtv 

mctani 


Life  ofjahn  Rbeinhold  Forfitr, 


463 


mftans  call  God  Ah£,  The  Gauls  Dieu. 
The  Tufcan»  Efar.  The  Spaniards  -Dw. 
The  Tcutoncs  GoU.  The  Hetrufci  call 
him  Signor  /d£p,  that  \%  Lord  God,  The 
Arabians,  Turks,  and  Saracens  AUa  Ibei^ 
that  is,  God  tbe  Juft.  In  the  Sclavonian 
tongue  he  is  called  Boeg^  from  Goodnefs, 
In  Chaldea  and  India  he  is  called  Efgi 
AHr,  that* is  ibt  fabricator  of  the  urn- 
verfe.  The  name  of  th*?  fuprcme  Jupiter 
among  the  Egyptians  is  Jmun,  which  by 
comjption  came  to  be  called  Ammon. 
This  word,  according  to  Manetho,  fig- 
nifies  the  concealed  and  concealing.  Ac- 
cording to  Jamblichus  ("  De  Mjfierih, 
fe^.  8/^)9  this  ^;od  is  the  demiurgic  in- 
teller,  who  prehdes  over  truth  and  wii« 
dom,  defcends  into  generation,  and  leads 
into  light  the  unapparent  power  of  con- 
ctalrd  reafon.  By  the  Greeks  God  was 
called  Tbeoj ;  and  by  the  Romans  Deui. 
The  p^per  name  of  God  with  the  He- 
bron's is  ifdSMT,  or  AM,  By  the  Dutch 
he  is  called  G04U :  and  with  us  the  word 
£«r^is  fynonimous  with  God.  By  the 
Chinefc  too,  the  fupreme  God  it  called 
Tun,  and  by  tlie  Danes  Goed. 


7*9  the  Editor  of  tbi  Monthly  Magazim. 

SIR, 

I  PRESUME  It  will  not  be  unaccept- 
able to  you  to  receive  fome  additions 
to,  and  corrections  of,  the  account  of 
George  Forfter,  printed  in  your  laft  Ma- 
pzine.  You  may  ix;ly  upon  their  accu- 
lacy. 

M.  PouGENs  fecms  very  ftrangely  ig- 
norant of  the  hiftorv  of  John  Reinhold 
^ORSTER,  the  father  of  George,  a  man 
more  diftinguiflied  as  a  literar)'  chara£ler 
than  his  fon.  He  did  notfenJ,  but  brought 
his  fon  George,  along  with  the  reft  of  his 
numerous  family,  into  JEngland,  in  fearch 
of  a  better  fettlemcnt  than  his  own  coun- 
try afforded.  It  was  one  of  thofe  fpi- 
rited,  though  finally  unfucccfsful,  at- 
tempts to  promote  the  profperity  of  the 
Harrington  Academy,  to  engage  this 
peribn  as  tutor  in  the  modem  languages, 
^»tK  the  occaffonal  office  of  leAuring  in 
^ous  tjranches  of  natural  hiftory.  For 
the  firft  department  he  was  by  no  means 
^^  cpialified  $  his  extraordinary  know- 
»^g<c  of  languages,  aocieat  and  modem, 
^ing  unaccompanied  by  a  partible  of 
tafto^  and  his  ufe  of  rhcm  all  being  bar- 
haroQs,  thmgh  flueot.  As  a  natural 
hiAariaa^  a  critic^  geographer,  andanti- 
S^nryy  he  ranked  much  higher ;  but,  uiu 
roitiwitqjy^.  ihefk  were  acquifitions  of 
^ittle^Dbe  in  hl»  ftcademioil  depaitmnc* 


6eor^  refided  with  hSm  ibme  ycvt  at 
Warrington,  and  foon  acquired  a  veij 
perfe6b  ufe  of  the  English  toBgne.    He 
alfo  dlftinguHhed  himlelf  gmcTy  by  hit 
attainments  in  fcience  and  literature  in 
general ;  adding  to  an  excellent  meDiory, 
quick  parts  and  a  fertile  imaginatiim. 
His  temper  was  mild  and  amiable;   in 
which  he  much  diiiered  from  his  father, 
one  of  the  moft  quarrel  fome  and  irritable 
of  men  ^  by  which  difpofitioo,  joined  to 
a  total  want  of  prudence  in  common  con- 
cems,  he  loft  almoft  all  the  friends  his  tm* 
lents  had  acquired  him,  and  involved  him« 
felf  and  family  in  perpetual  difficulties. 
At  length  John  Reinhold  obtained  the 
appointment  of  naturalift  and  pbiloTopber 
(if  the  word  may  be  fo  ufed)  to  the  fe- 
cond  voyage  of.  difcovery  imdertaken  by 
the  celebrated  Cook  ;  and  his  fon  Geoi^ 
was  aflbciated  with  him  in  his  office. 
That  M.  PouGENs  (hould  entirely  have 
loft  fight  of  the  father,  the  undoubted 
principal  on  thi»  occafioit,  is  not  a  little 
extraordinary  \  nor  would  it  be  ealV  to 
parallel  the  abfurditv  of  the  epithet  ot  the 
**  illuftriout  Hval  pt  Cook,*'  beftowed  by 
that  Mrriter  on  his  younff  hero,  not  a  ms.  ' 
^gator,  but  a  naturaUft  of  infierior  rank. 
On  their  return,  the  two  Forfters  pub* 
liflied  jointlv  a  botanical  work  in  Latin, 
containing  the  characters  of  a  number  of 
new  genera  of  plants  difcovertd  by  them 
in  their  circumnavigation.    The  account 
of  the  voyage  itfelt  was  publiflied  in  the 
name  of  George  alone,  in  evafion  of  fome 
obligation  under  which  the  lather  lay,  not 
to  publilh  feparately  from  the  narrative 
authori  fed  by  government.   That  the  Xeot- 
guage^  which  was  corre6l  and  elegaqt, 
was  furnifiied  by  the  fon  alone,  conld  not 
be  doubted ;  any  more  than  that  the  mat-- 
ter  proceeded  from  the  joint  ftock  of  their 
obfervat ions  and  reflections  •  Several  parts* 
particularly  the  elaborate  invcfttgaticns 
relative  to  the  languajB;es  fpoken  by  the 
natives  of  the  South-(ea  iflands,  and  the 
(peculations  concerning  their  origin  a|i<l 
fuccefiive  migrations,  were  ftrongly  im* 
preiTed  with  the  genius  of  the  elder  ForT*   . 
ter.    I  have  nothing  to  add  to  the  fubfe-   ' 
quent  biftoiy  of  Ueorge,  as  given  by   ' 
M.  PouGENs.      To    critlcife   on  thi!^ 
French  ientimentality  difpkyedinihe  de- 
licately ambiguous  relation  of  his  c^n* 
nexion  with  Mifs  Heyne,  is  far  bfypnd  , 
my  reach  \  nor  am  I  at  all  difpofed  to  ior  ^ 
quire  into  the  juftnefs  of ,  his  '*  revolu*. 
tionajy  principies."    Butwi<hrefpc£|  to  . 
his  travels  into,  Brabant»  Holland,)  &e* 
(in: the  ucface  to  his  Ftench  tranttation  * 
i»f  which,  M.  PouG£Ks  hat' given  the 

biogra- 


Definci  of  Birmingham  and  Dr.  Fart. 


l^iognphical  namtiTe  in  ^ucftion),  t  wfll 
irtnturc  to  affcrt  my  opinion,  that  it  i«  a 
noft  Ahnfy  and  conceited  perfonnance» 
rqtially  dtfguftiag  by  a  parade  of  philo- 
f>phy,  and  by  a  hyperbolical  expreffioll 
«f  feeling. 

The  dcaA  of  Forfter,  the  father,  in  hii 

yoft  of  profcflbr  in  the  Univerfity of  Halle, 

fats  lately  been  announced  in  the  periodical 

Jmblicat  ions .    Authentic  memoirs  of  hit 

'  Hfe  would  be  curious  and  valuable. 

Your't,  &c. 

'Jvne  s.  J-  A. 

7*0  the  Editcr  tftbe  Monikfy  Mi^tmme* 

SIR, 

THE  malevolent  fatire  of  the  author 
of  the  ««  Purfuits  of  literaiurei'^  hat 
been  pointed  out  too  frequently  to  have 
efcaped  the  knowledge  of  even  thofe  who 
deipife  his  fpecies  of  wit,  and  confequentiv 
do  not  pcrule  his  work  5  but  the  unjuft 
attacks  of  this  cauHic  critic  are  not  con- 
fined  to  intiividual  namesj  he  fires  grape 
and  canifter,  and  fweeps  away  whole  co- 
Ivmns,  led  only  by  attociation  of  ideas. 

W  hat  but  the  name  of  Pa  rr  drew  down 
his  infidions  notice  of  my  favourite  town, 
more  populous,  and  more  diftinguiflied 
by  the  variety  and  perfe£lion  of  mecha- 
nical improvements  than  any  in  the  king- 
dom ?  hear  his  words : 

**  —  Birmingham,  renown'd  ilmr 
*<  At  once  for  hslfpence  and  for  Do^or  Pait.*' 

Are  we  known  only  by  thofe  frivolous 
appendages?  Dr.  Parr ^sAiining  talents 
aie  unobfcrvcd  where  the  a£^ive  genii's  of 
mechanics  produces  a  conflant  lource  of 
inventions,  and  the  moft  uiefiil  improve- 
ments \,  at  once  givin?  honor  to  tne  ar- 
tilt,  and  extenfivr  QpuTcoce  and  credit  to 
the  empire, 

Birmingham  has  been  called  the  **  Toy- 
fhop  of  Eujx>pe,"*'  but  Europe  is  well  ac- 
qiialnted  with  comforts  and  elegancies 
which  never  could  have  been  enjoyed  with- 
out the  exiftence  of  machinery  which 
fliortens  iabcu  ,  and  enables  the  merchant 
to  fend  the  produft  to  the  remoteft  mar- 
kets. 

Tlie  readers  of  yomr  valuable  Mifcel- 
lany  are  not  ionorant  of  the  commercial 
importance  which  the  arts  acquire  in  their 
progress,  or  of  the  VL»lue  which  philofo- 
^hv  will  ever  attach  to  the  difcoveries 
arifinp:  out  of  the  indultry  of  the  mechanic 
reniiis:  bnt  the  anonymous  fatirift  is 
Ignorant  of  tliefc  comprehenfive  effe^ls, 
and  cilimates  the  human  underftanding 
accoriint;  to  its  acquaintnnce  with  the 
fibres  Ql  Greek,  rccts.    Wa?  he  fatisfied 


witb  Buintn^iiami  when  a  few  cdbtcb. 
ticks^  and  not  a  few  private  houfes  blazed 
in  devotion  to  the  Church  and  King? 
It  is  to  be  feared  that  an  ad  of  intempe* 
rancc,  which  we  ihall  long  deplore,  ii 
viewed  by  this  critical  birot  with  com- 
placency, or  he  would  not  nave  aeglefled 
to  gratify  his  malignant  appetite  with  lb 
delicious  a  morfel. 

Here,  fir,  we  love  temperate  libeny 
and  fi}cial  harmony ;  and,  with  exception 
of  the  one  infbnce  of  infuriated  miftaken 
zeal,  we  fupport  both,  carelefs  of  Dr. 
Parr,  but  preferring  writings  of  thit 
divine,  to  the  crude  effufions  which  dlf- 
play  more  acrimony,  with  the  cowardice 
of  not  being  owned  by  the  author.  I  an, 
your*8,  &c.  B.  R. 

Bhrmaghamf  Jwu  x6,  X79S. 


To  the  Editor  rftbe  Mo/ttbfy  Magaxkt, 

SIR, 

IN  your  Magazine  fat  the  month  of 
May  laft,  I  obferve  a  letter from  Kir. 
Kupr,  of  Mancheftcr,  contaimng  fome 
remarks  on  my  method  of  naktoj^  and 
ufing  oxygenated  muriau  of  lime,  for  the 
purpofe  of  bleaching. 

In  this  letter  Mr.  Rtjfp  attempts  to 
prove  that  the  liquor  fo  made,  is  more 
expenfive  than  that  prepared  by  the  ufual 
method,  with  alkaline  falts;  and  that 
both  are  inferior  to  the  fimple  oxygenated 
muriatic  acid  for  the  purpote  of  bKaching, 
In  juftice  to  myfelf,  and  that  the  public 
may  not  be  mifled  by  this  gentlonan't 
too  hafty  condufions,  I  beg  leave  to  make 
the  following  obfervations. 

Mr.  Rupp  very  juftly  obfcircs,  that 
ih  order  to  prove  the  fuperiority  of  this  to 
the  ufual  liquor  made  with  a(bes,  it  muft 
cither  be  Better  in  point  of  quality,  or 
cheaper.  In  order  to  prove  that  it  is  not 
cheaper,  he  ftates,  the  quantity  of  pearl 
afhet  neceffary  for  Jixing  the  oxygenated 
gas,  produced  fircjn  50  lb.  of  common 
lalt,  at  7ilb.  Mr.  RuFP  cannot  here 
mean  faturation  by  the  word  fixingi  for 
he  furely  knows  that  the  pot  aih  in  yl^^* 
of  pearl  a/hes  is  not  fuflicient  to  faturate 
the  oxygenated  acid  that  may  be  produced 
from  30  lb.  of  fait.  Indeed  he  aflerts  in 
the  fubfequent  part  of  his  letter,  that  it 
will  not  iaturate  fuch  a  quantity  of  gas, 
TTie  meaning  therefore  of  die  aflertion 
mult  be,  that  fuch  a  portion  of  peiri 
aihes  diflblved  in  a  proper  quantity  cf 
water,  will  io  hx  reprefs  the  volatility  of 
the  gas,  that  is  producible  from  30  lb.  of 
common  fait,  as  to  form  an  eligible,  or 
perhaps  the  HR>ft  tli^ibic  bkichitig  ^i- 


Mr,  Teinuni^s  Defence  of  bis.  Bleaching  LtqKtri 


405 


ipor  prepared  with  ifhes.  Now,  everj 
chcmift  Juiows  that  this  liquor  will  conliu 
of  the  iblutioa  of  the  uiual  falts,  produced 
by  receiving  the  oxygeiated  munattc  acid 
gu  into  a  iblution  of  pot  a(h>  together 
with  a  quantity  of  oavstnated  muriatic 
acid,  in  an  uncombined  Sate.  It  is  like- 
wife  perfe^Uy  well  known,  that  fuch  li- 
quor will  d^roy  dyed  colours.  This 
liquor  therefore  with  which  Mr.  Rvpp 
comparei  that  n^ade  of  lime,  is  totally 
unfit  for  bleaching  any  kinds  of  goods 
into  which  dyed  colours  enter,  andcon- 
(equently,  wherever  thefe  are  to  be  bleach- 
ed, his  ftatement  does  not  apply.  The 
fad  is,  that  where  fuch  goods  are  bleach- 
ed, three  times  this  quantity  of  aihes»  or 
even  more,  is  univerlolly  n(ed. 

Wherever,  therefore,  fuch  coloured  goods 
aie  to  be  bleached  (and  fuch  goods  con« 
ibtute  a"  great  proportion  of  the  cotton 
maoufaaory  in  Britain),  his  ftatement 
will  not  apply.  But  bciides  this,  it  is 
to  be  obferved  (as  Mr.  Rupr  would 
hare  ieen  if  he  had  read  the  rpeciiicatioa» 
or  applied  for  tnfonnation  to  any  of  the 
refpeaable  bleachers  in  his  own  neigh- 
bourhood who  ule  the  procefs,  and  who 
keep  their  doing  fo  no  fecret),  that  the 
introduction  of  common  fait  along  with 
the  lime  in  my  procefs,  was  merely  to  in- 
creafe  the  fpecific  gravity  of  the  water, 
for  the  better  iufpenfion  of  the  lime ;  and 
as  an  addition,  that  afterwards  might  or 
night  not  be  made,  as  experience  ihould 
iire^t.  The  fait,  therefore,  is  now  re- 
|ularly  omitted;  mere  agitation  being 
found  perfeaiy  fufficient  to  keep  the  lime 
in  Aifpenfion.  With  this  corre^ion, 
therefore,  even  with  Mr.  Rupp*s  pro- 
portion of  aihes,  the  comparative  value 
of  this  part  of  the  ingredients  of  the  li- 
quor made  with^Tdhes,  and  that  made 
with  lime,  will  be  as  3s*  9d.  to  yd.  and 
in  all  cafes,  the  faying;  brought  about  by 
ufing  the  lime  liquor  m  preference  to  that 
made  with  aflies,  will  be  equal  to  the  dif- 
ference of  price  between  the  aAies  and 
Tune,  and  even  fome  diminution  of  the 
quantity  of  lime  may  with  lafety  be  ad- 
mitted. With  regard  to  the  additional 
labour  In  preparing  the  liquor,  it  is  a 
*ncrc  trifle.  A  workman  muft  attend 
^Hile  the  liquor  with  afhes  is  preparing ; 
W'^sn  he  makes  the  liquor  with  lime,  ne 
needs  only  to  add  to  his  ufual  attendance 
*  very  moderate  portion  of  bodily  labour, 
"tplicd  to  agitate  the  liquor  in  the  re- 
C'^ivcr.  Several  of  the  bleachers  in  this 
Country  have  now  e\'en  faved  him  this, 
*>v  connefling  their  agitators  with  their 
P*afii-mill,  or  other  moving  machinery. 


Mr.  Rvpp  next  attempts  to  proves 
that  both  this  and  the  ufual  li^^uor  pre* 
pared  with  aAies,  are  inferior  to  the  iim<* 
pie  oxygenated  muriatic  acid  for  the  pur<« 
pofes  of  bleaching. 

I  have  already  ftated,  that  bleaching 
liquor,  containing  the  ufual  falts  formed 
from  the  oxy^nated  muriatic  acid  gaa 
and  pot  a(h,  together  with  uncombined 
oxygenated  muriatic  acid,  was  totally 
unfit  for  bleaching  goods  which  contained 
dyed  colours.  The  iimple  oxygenated 
acid  is  confequently  totally  unfit  fop 
bleaching  iuch  goods.  If,  tlierefore,  wo 
let  afide  the  liquor  made  with  a  full  pro« 
portion  of  afhes  and  alio  that  made  with 
ume>  a  great  proportion  of  the  cotton 
goods  manufa^ui'ed  in  Lanca(hire»  and 
almoft  the  whole  of  the  Glafgow  fabrics 
will  be  deprived  of  this  great  improve-^ 
ment  in  the  art  of  bleaching.  It  muft  bq 
allowed,  therefore,  that  even  on  the  fup* 
pofition  of  the  inferiority  of  the  power 
poiiefred  by  the  alkaline  and  lime  liquors, 
they  muft  be  retained  for  the  purpoies  of 
bleaching  goods  containing  dyed  colours, 
Alfo,  that  we  muft  prefer  lime  to  the  al- 
kaline liquor,  becauie  it  is  cheaper,  bv 
the  difference  of  price  between  the  alkali 
and  lime,  and  that  this  difference  will  bo 
very  confidcrable,  becaufe  a  very  largo 
proportion  of  aihes  muft  be  ufed,  in  order. 
to  preferve  the  dyed  coUurs  that  enter 
the  compofition  of  the  goods. 

It  fiill  remains  to  determine,  wliether 
the  fiinple  oxygenated  mliriatic  acid  ia 
more  applicable  to  the  purpofes  of  bleach- 
ing, where  no  dyed  colours  enter  the 
fabric,  than  alkaline  or  lime  liquor. 

In  favour  of  the  iimple  oxygenated 
acid,  Mr.  Rupp  quotes  his  experimenu 
in  the  laft  vol.  of  the  "  Manchefler  Me- 
motrs."^  Where  experiments  are  made  only 
on  a  few  grains,  and  where  we  have  no 
better  teft  of  their  relative  differences  or 
agreements,  than  a  dilference  of  colour 
iiKluced  by  a  few  drops,  as  it  appears  to 
the  eye  of  an  experimenter,  perhaps,  from 
fome  preconceived  theory,  inclined  to  &- 
vour  a  particular  concluiion,  I  would 
build  but  little  on  fuch  experiments  $  if 
we  add  to  this,  the  ffreat  danger  to  the 
fabric,  univerfally  altowed  by  bleachers, 
in  every  attempt  made  with  the  fimpla 
oxygenated  acid,  either  in  a  fluid,  or  ga^ 
aeous  form ;  the  impoflibility  of  work* 
men  operating  with  it  on  account  of  its 
fuffbeating  vapours,  and  the  doubtfulnefs 
of  overcoming  that,  even  by  Mr.  Rupp> 
ingenious  contrivance  (tor  he  cannot 
fuppofe,  that  a  bleacher  can  calculate'  ia 
(xatlly,  as  to  have  ohauftcd  the  ofcygr* 

&at«d 


4o6 


The  Sacrament  m  jkdati  Jetuifik  Rkii 


a»ted  icid  every  time  he  finds  it  necdSuy 
to  remove  the  goods,  from  xtf  aftioni  and 
I. fee  no  other  wa^  of  prevcntiiig  the 
cfcape  of  the  gas  in  Mr.  Rupp's  ma- 
chine»  whenever  this  operation  becomes 
aecei&ry}y  we  mnft  conclude  in  favour  of 
the  liquor  made  with  lime*  and  the  more 
cTpeciallyy  as  even  the  bleachers,  vdio 
operate  on  white  goods,  now,  in  general, 
€ai  it  neceflfarv  to  be  at  the  cxpence  of 
aihes  in  their  bleaching  liquor. 

Mr.  Rupp  has  noEt  dnwn  an  objec- 
tion to  the  lioQor  made  with  limey  from 
n  very  fmik  lource  of  every  kind  of  ar  • 
gument,  viz.  firom  cbemau  theory^  and 
fi^Si  that  the  lime,  or  miuiate  of  lime, 
may  become  a  mordant,  and  ^  make  the 
goods  liable  to  become  yellow  after 
bleaching  with  this  liquor )  or  unfit  them 
for  being  u  fed  in  printing.  Befides  the 
natter  of  fa£t,  which  totally  contradifts 
this,  as  has  been  afcertatned  by  the  ex- 
.  pericnce  of  feveral  printficlds,  particu- 
larly by  that  at  Mcflfrs.  Finlay  and 
Co^s,  in  this  neighbourhood,  and  at 
the  field  of  Meilrs.  Orr's,  at  Stratford, 
in  Ireland,  I  am  unacquainted  with 
any  proof,  that  lime,  or  any  of  its  faline 
compounds,  were  ever  found  to  pofleft 


ray  bleaching  works  here.      I  am^  fifi 
your  moft  humble  iervant, 

Dandj^  Chas.  Tekkant, 

I  yth  Jmu^  1 798.  Bleacher^ 

T9  tie  E&er  ef  the  Meaibfy  hUfoxine, 

•IR, 

AMONG  the  raoft  carious  topics  of 
theological  difquifitions,  die  origin 
of  troMfub/iantiaHo/i,  or  the  belief  of  the 
rtalfrifince^  has  never,  I  think,  been  yet 
fuiliciently  cleared  {  but,  to  ourielves  and 
to  this  aigne,  it  is  of  littltr  importance.  In 
the  eye  ot  cveiy  chrifktan,  but  the  catholic, 
it  is  an  obfolete  fuperftition,  and  on)/ 
now  ferves  to  remind  one  of  a  fanguinaiy 
epocha,  in  the  annals  of  modem  Europe, 
when  the  human  race  was  thinned  for  one 
of  the  rooft  abfurd  of  idolatries,  that  of 
cooking  a  God,  and  of  eating  him  up 
alive}  afluredly,  when  the  Egyptian* 
worihipped  the  onions  growag  in  their 
g:trden,  they  were  more  rational. 

But  the  RITE  ftili  remains,  although, 
in  the  bread  and  lume,  we  do  not  zsy 
more  imagine  we  eat  the  real  body,  or 
drink  the  real  blood  of  Jefus.  I  have  lor.|r 
been  defirous  of  difcovering  the  erifts  of 
this  extraordinary  ceremony  5  Ji>at  my  in- 


any  power  in  fixing  colours   in  dying  quiries  have  hitherto  been  baffled,  among 

cither  cotton  or  linen,  in  as  far  as  relates  the  learned.     In  a  very  eccentric  work, 

nt  teaft  to  the  madder  and  weld  coppers,  lately  publiflied,  among  a  roafs  of  other 

Thefe  obfervations  will,  I  hope,  fatisfy  matter,  there  is  a  note  on  this  curious 

the  public,  with  regard  to  the  force  of  topic,  which,  as  I  know  not  to  deny,  I 

Mr.  Rvpp^s  obje£iions  to  my  method  of  would  wiih  to  offer  it  to  your  theological 


pteparing  bleaching  liquor ;  and  the  ap- 
probation it  has  received  hom  numerous 
and  refpeftable  bleachers  in  England, 
Scotland,  and  Ireland,  will  ftili  be  al- 
lowed to  eftablilh  the  chara£ler  of  a  fim- 
pie  invention,  which,  in  whatever  manner 
It  may  benefit  me,  will,  I  have  no  doubt, 
Iqpn  appear  a  great  national  benefit. 

I  have  n<5  doubt,  if  Mr.  Rupp  had 
known,  that  fixmi  the  date  of  my  letters 
patent,  I  have  been  ready  to  treat  with 
all  bleachers  upon  the  moii  moderate 
terms,  for  the  fade  of  licences  to  pra6ii(e 
my  invention ;  he  would  have  taken  the 
trouble  to  inveftigate  a  little  more  fully 
into  its  merits  himfelf,  and  likewife  to 
have  heard  the  report  of  the  very  eminent 
bleachers  who  are  employing  my  procefs 
in  his  own  immediate  neighbourhood,  be- 
fore be  had  condemned  it  in  fo  unqualified 
a  manner. 

SuiHcient  proofs  of  the  approbation  it 


correfpondents,  either  to  refute,  or  to  ex- 

Elain.  The  note  in  ooeftion,  is  die  fbl- 
m'mg,  literally  tranicribed. 

**•  ChrifUanity  i»  nothing  but  improTcJ 
JU(Ujfm.  I  will  give  one  inAaacc,  which 
1  have  never  obfenred  remarked.  The  Sa- 
ck a  M  s  n  T,  for  which  fo  many  have  fufiiered, 
is  a  fimple  ritf,  now  performed  cTcry  fab- 
bath  night  by  the  religious  Jew.  ff^au  iod 
tread  are  placed  before  the  maftcr  of  the 
iioufe  \  after  a  benediction,  he  hands  the  cup 
round,  and  breaking  the  bread,  gives  to  »ch 
a  portion.  Jefus,  amidft  liis  difciplcs,  wai 
perform!  ng  this  rite ,  call  ed  x  e  e  d  u  s  h  ,  sni 
in  the  allegorical  ftyle  of  a  young  RabbtD, 
faij  of  the  bread  and  wnf,  «•  This  b  my 
blood,  and  this  is  my  body)'*  which  they 
certainly  were,  whc»  afiimilatod  In  hit  per- 
fon.  To  this  fimple  circanoilaace,  we  ewe 
all  the  idiocy  and  cruelty  of  frrfji/«i^/Ztf«iuiti«  ."* 
Vauribn,  vol  ii.  p.  119: 

According  to  this  account,  the  modem 
Jew,  while  he  rcfufes  to  take  the  foira- 


has  met  wit\,  may  be  fecn  ty  applying  -  ^^f  >  aftual  y  perprm  it  hcbdomadally  i 
to  Mr.  William  Tate,  jun.  Phinil  »9^  'he  niodernChnftian,  while  he  mu. 
Fire  Office,  Manchefter;  to  Charles  &»n^V^  ""^'fi  ^-^  .^^^If'^''?^"^  ^^^^  ^^ 
DWPFIN,  Efq.  Infpeaor  General  to  tlie   J<n»sinai^ry  ancuntjenmjl  uremtiny. 

Iriih  Lifien  Biaid,  DuWin  j  or  to  me,  at        J  ?"li  ^''^  ^^^  f^^^  ^^^^  ^^^'  p 
;  .     Tori,  Juru  ^  1798.  t.  r. 


On  the Ptrfinificationrf  Abftraa  linn  in  Poetry.  4C7 


F^  the  Montbfy  Magazine* 

AElSAY  Ml   /i^  PbRSONIP ICATION  ^ 

Abstract  Ideas  in  Poktry. 

AMONG  the  various  artifices  which 
poett  have  ctnplovcd  in  order  to 
produce  that  novelty  which  is  efl*ential  to 
1  high  degree  of  pleafure  or  furprifey 
none  is  more  remarkable  than  the  exhi- 
bition of  new  forms  of  animated  beings, 
endowed  with  peculiar  powers  and  qui- 
Ktie*,  hy  whicn  they  are  rendered  afters 
in  the  iceDes  into  which  they  are  Intro- 
duced.  Of  thefe,  there  are  two  principal 
fpecies ;  the  one,  compriiing  thofe  fuper- 
natural  beings  which  derive  their  origin 
from  popular  fuperftition  or  philofophical 
dofiruie,  modified  by  the  poet's  imagina- 
tion ;  the  other>  confifting  of  creatures 
merely  of  poetical  invention,  formed,  by 
means  of  tne  procefs  called  perfonificatkn^ 
from  abftra^l  ideas  of  the  mind.  Of 
thele  laft,  Addilbn,  in  one  of  his  elegant 
papers  «  On  the  Pkafures  of  the  Inu^U 
iM/iM"  {SpeaatoTf  No.  420),  fpeaks  in 
the  following  manner:  **  There  is  an- 
other (brt  of  im^nnary  beings>  that  we 
ibmetimes  meet  with  in  the  poets,  when 
the  author  reprefents  any  paflion,  appe- 
tite, viitue,  or  vice,  under  a  viiible  fliape, 
and  makes  it  a*per(bn  or  an  aftor  in  nis 
poem."  To  this  enumeration,  however, 
might  have  been  added  fome  abilraft  ideas 
peribnificd;  fuch  as  natiue,  time,  death, 
ileep,  and  the  like,  which  equally  come 
nndcr  this  head  of  poetital  creation.  Of 
^ch,  then,  it  is  the  purpofe  of  the  pre- 
sent Eflay  to  treat  j  and  it  is  the  manner 
in  which  the(c  fiftitious  perfonages  are 
formed,  rather  than  the  propriety  of  their 
introduftion  into  the  poem,  that  I  mean 
at  prelcnt  to  coniider$  not  excluding, 
however,  (bme  remarks  on  their  imme- 
diate aeencyj  which,  in  ^ft,  may  be 
ngardea  as  part  of  their  defcription  and 
chtraaer. 

On  comparinjg^  a  number  of  examples 
of  this  kind  of^perfonification,  it  pre- 
Iflitly  appears,  that  there  are  two  general 
methods  by  which  it  is  effefted.  Either 
a  fimply  human  form  is  drawn,  impreiled 
in  a  fuper-eminent  degree  with  the  qua- 
lity or  circumftance  intended  to  be  per- 
fonified  $  or  a  creature  of  the  fancy  is 
exhibited,  the  charafter  and  deiign  of 
which  is  expre^Ied  by  certain  tvpical  ad- 
junat  or  emblems.  The  firit  of  thefe 
mav  be  tcnncd  a  natural^  Htut  fecond,  an 
f^olenuaieai,  figure.  From  the  union  of 
thsCe  two  modes,  a  third,  or  mixeti  fpe- 
cies is  pzxxluced.  That  thefe  diftinftiont 
inay  be  immediately  conceived,  I  fliall 

Monthly  Mac.  No.  uxti. 


briefly  elucidate  them  by  well-known 
examples.  The  pnfficni  of  Le  Brun,  ia 
which  human  faces  are  marked  with  the 
ftrongeft  expreflions  of  anger,  terror, 
defire,  &c.  are  merely  natural  perioni- 
fications.  The  conuiion  female  figure  of 
Juftice  with  her  fword,  fcalcs  and  band- 
age, is  piu«ly  emblematical.  That  of 
Plenty,  rcpretented  by  a  full-fed,  cheer- 
ful fij^ure,  bearing  a  cornucopia,  is  of 
the  mixed  fpecies.  Thefe  illuftrations 
are  taken  from  painting;  but  the  ideas 
may  equally  be  conveyed  by  words. 
Under  each  of  the  preceding  heads  I 
(hall  adduce  a  variety  of  examples  from 
the  jx)ets,  which  will  give  fcope  to  fuch 
critical  i-emarks,  as  may  tend  to  eftablidi 
clear  and  precifb  notions  concerning  the 
refpeflive  excellence  of  the  feveral  kinds. 
The  ff^/KT^z/ fpecies  of  perfonification  will 
firft  be  confidered  ;  then  by  an  infenfible 
gradation  we  fliall  Aide  into  the  mtxed^ 
and  conclude  with  the  ^purely  emblemati'^ 
col. 

I.  It  may  be  proper  before  entering 
upon  the  particulars  of  this  (c6lion,  to 
anticipate  a  doubt  which  will  readily 
fuggeft  itfeif  to  a'  rcflef^inr  mind.  In 
what,  it  may  be  alked,  connfls  the  merit 
or  advantage  of  a  kind  of  fi^^ion  which 
approaches  fo  nearlv  to  reality?  If  rage, 
for  inftance,  be  depicted  only  by  3&e 
figure  of  a  man  in  a  violent  fit  of  fury» 
vSat  are  the  inventive  powers  exerted  by 
the  poet,  or  what  is  gained  by  the  peribn-^ 
ification?  It  is  to  be  acknowled^d,  thRt 
in  theie  cafes,  the  merit  of  invention, 
peculiarly  fo  termed,  can  fcarcely  be 
claimed.  Yet  fince  every  circumftance 
muft  be  accumulated  by  the  poet  which 
can  give  force  and  life  to  the  piece,  and 
a  general  chara£ler  be  formed  out  of  the 
detached  features  of  a  number  of  indivi<> 
duals,  to  which  muft  frequently  be  added 
fcenerv  and  accompaniments  contrived  to 
correfpond  with,  and  enhance  the  elFeds 
of,  the  leading  figui^e,  the  neceflity  of  ' 
fuperior  defcriptive  talents  in  order  to 
fucceed  in  fuch  reprefentations  cannot  be 
difputed.  Then,  with  refpe£l  to  the  uje 
of  fuch  fi6iioiis,  it  is  to  be  confidered, 
that  thefe  imaginary  beings  M  not 
merely  human  agents,  circunifcribed  by 
known  laws  in  tlwir  operations :  they  are 
a  kind  of  genii,- vthoie  fphere  of  aflion  U 
only  limited  by  a  congiiiity  dependent  on 
their  feveral  charaflers.  But  the  truth 
of  ditie  obfervations  will  be  fufficiently 
iilvftxsied  during  the  invcftigation  o{, 
each  particular  example. 

1  ihall  begin  with  the  perfonified  figure 
of  FAMiNSy  Of  mhor,  Hohcbr,  at 

I  G  reprelcnted 


408  On  tie  Psrfinification  of  AhfiraS  Ideas  in  Toetrj. 


reprefented  by  Ovid  in  hU  **  MttamoT' 
fhofis:^  Cerc«,  having  Towcd  revcoge 
againft  Erififthon  for  cutting  down  a 
facred  tree.  Tends  a  meffenger  for  this 
ghalUy  phantom,  who  is  thus  defcribed  : 


.  Famem  lapidofo  vidct  in  agro, 


Unguibus  ft  raras  vcUentcm  dentibus  herbas. 
Hirtus  ewt  crinis  \    cava  lumina  \  pallor  in 

ore  J 
Labrainciiu  fitn }  fcabr*  rubigine  fauces ; 
Dura  cutis',  per  quam  fpedari  vifccra  poffcnt  \ 
OiTafub  incurvis  inftabant  arida  lutnbh  ; 
Ventrif  erat  pro  ventre  locus ;  pcndere  pu- 

tarcs 
Pe Aus,  &  a  fpinx  tantummodo  crate  teneri : 
Auxcr4t  artlculos  macie»,  genuumque  rt^^ebat 
Orbts,  et  immodicoprodibint  tubera  talo. 

Mtt.  1.  viii.  799- 

Crouch*d  in  a  ftony  field  he  fees  the  pow'r 
Pluckini;  with  teeth  and  nails  the  fcanty  herb. 
Shaggy  her  locks  \  her  c)cs  were  funk  in 

pits ; 
Palenefs  o*erfprc»d  her  face}  her  whitenM 

pits 
Wtrc  hoar  with  mould  \  her  jaws  befec  with 

ruft; 
Thro*  her  harfli  hide  her  inwards  all  were 

fliewnj 
The  arid  bones  above  her  crooked  loins 
Stood  forth ;  a  void  the  beUy*s  place  fupply*d$ 
Pendant  her  bread  appeared,  and  held  alone 
By  the  bare  wick'ry  fpine  ;    the  wailing  flcjh 
Had  fwelPd  the  joints ;  each  knee,  a  rigid 

ball. 
Each  ankle  feem*damonftrousbuDchof  bone. 

It  is  fcarcely  poilible  to  conceive  a 
more  ftriking  image  of  a  famifhrd  perfon. 
The  hard  (kin,  hanging  breads,  crate  or 
baflcet  work  of  the  ribs  and  I'pine,  and 
joints  apparently  enlarged,  are  circum- 
ftances  drawn  trom  the  life,,  and  repre- 
lented  with  wondtrful  force.  At  the 
fame  time,  the  figure  is  mertly  natural. 
Here  are  no  types  or  emblems,  as,  in- 
deed, none  were  wanted ;  for  fuch  a  fub- 
jecl  could  not  fail  of  being  its  own  in- 
terpreter.* The  furronnding  fccnery  is 
equally  real. 

Eft  locus  extremis  Scythia  glacialis  in  oris, 
Triftefolum,  fterilis,  fine  fruge,  finearbore 
tellss. 

In  icy  Scythla's  farthcft  bound,  there  lies 
A  ftcril,  gloomy,  cornlefs,  trcelcfs  traft. 

The  fanciful  or  preternatural  part  of 
the  fiction  is  the  manner  in  which  the 
poet  employs  this  phantom.  Uc  makes 
tcr  take  the opportuuity  of  Eiifi^lhon's 
lying  alleep,  to  inj^ire  him  ivith  her  htr- 
fitf\  and  the  poor  man  a\vakes  pofiVflcd 
by  a  melt  inrati-^bie  h'T.^^r,  which  com- 
pels i.  jn,  fiiil,  according  to  the  French 
phruit:,   manger  fiM  bkn,  to  cat  up  his 


eftate,  and  at  iaft»  abfolntely  to  devoor 
himielf.  There  is  fomething  ludicrous 
in  this  idea,  which  may  fcrve  to  fliew  the 
difficulty  of  prcferving  ftrift  proprieiy 
throughout  an  imaginary  fcene ;  yet  the 
agency  of  Famine  caimot  be  fald  to  be 
unfuitabie  to  her  nature.  This  noticfn 
of  Miring  a  qMality  by  touching  or 
breathing  on  a  peribn,  may  frequently  be 
met  with  in  the  beft  potts  to  expreft"  the 
aftion  of  thofc  fiftitious  beings. 

Churchill's  «  Pr9pbecy  rf  Famu" 
affords  no  addition  to  the  del'criptive  part 
of  the  perfonification,  except  fomc  ftrokci 
of  fatirical  humour,  diigraced  by  in. 
tional  iUiberality.  The  employment  of 
the  imaginary  being  to  utter  a  prophecy, 
is  agreeable  enough  to  the  general  notion 
of  a  genius,  and*  is  rendered  more  cha* 
rafteriitic  by  the  local  circumftance  0/ 
the  pretence  to  fecond  fight. 

The  next  figure  I  (hall  prefent  is  thit 
of  Sleep,  as  likewife  drawn  by  the 
elegant  and  inventive  pencil  of  OvU. 
Though  he  is  raifed  to  the  title  and  dig- 
nity of  the  God  S9mmiSy  yet  in  form  ar.d 
attributes  he  is  a  mere  drowfy  mortal; 
and  the  poet's  invention  is  chiefly  difplavcd 
in  the  fcenery  apd  accompaniments.  He 
inhabits  a  gloomy  cavern,  into  which 
the  rays  of  the  fun  never  penetrate,  but 
where  a  kind  of  perpetual  twilight  reigiis 
in  the  foggy  air.  From  hence  ail  flirill 
and  enlivening  founds  are  baniihcd,  asd 
a  dtrad  filencc  eternally  prevails,  broken 
only  by.  the  foft  murmurs  of  the  waitrs 
of  lethc.  Around  the  entrance  grow  a>( 
kinds  of  foporiferous  herbs.  The  god 
himfclf  lies  taft  alleep  on  an  ebon  couci 
raifed  high  with  down.  On  the  approach 
of  Iris,  who  is  fent  to  him  with  a  mcA 
fage,  with  much  ado  he  roufes  himicit. 
His  painful  reluftant  efforts  are  very 
happily  expreflcd  in  the  following  lines: 
— -  tarda  Deus  gravitate  jace&tes 
Vix   oculos   toUens,    iterumque  itenimqos 

rcUbens, 
Summaquc  percuticns  nutantl  peftori  rncnto, 
Excuflit  tandem  fibi  fc  j  cubitcque  levatus 
guid  vcniat— -  fcitatur.  Met.  xl  616, 

The  god,  his  heavy  eyes  fcatcc  Hfting  a?, 
JOnte  and  again  funk  dowa'i  hu  noddiog  tbia 
Struck  on  his  bccaft  j  at  length  himfei/  i»e 

thook 
Out  of  himfclf,  and  oa  his  elbow  rais'd, 
laquir'd  his  caufe  of  coming. 

Ovid  aas  jjidicioufly  in  making  tht 
fubjta  of  the  requcfl:  to  fuch  1  powtr  ai 
ealy  and  brief  as  poffible.  It  is  omy 
that  he  would  fend  one  of  the  dreeasy 
which  are  reprefented  as  conftantly  fi»t- 
ting,  Lk^bats,  about  the  cave  of  ^^- 


On  the  Perfontficatim  of  AbftraB  Ideas  in  Poetry.  409 


When  this  burmcfs  is  difpatched,  the 
heavy  deity  immediately  compofcs  him- 
felf  to  flumber  again. 

^rurfus  molli  languorc  folutum 

Dcpcfuitquc  caput,  ftratoque  recondidit  alto. 

lb,  64.8. 
His  head  again,  in  languor  foft  dlfTuivM, 
He  dropt,  and  funk  upon  the  fuelling  couch. 
The  original  perfonification  of  Skep 
is  in  Uoooery  and  various  poets  have 
adopted  it,  and  have  affigned  him  a  refi- 
dence  and  pr«per  ojHccrs  or  companions. 
Ariotloy  in  his  Orlando  Furiofot  has  done 
this  with  more  novelty  and  judgment 
than  any  other  whom  I  recolleft,  pofte- 
rior  to  Ovid.  He  has  been  particularly 
happy  in  hi«  dcfcription  of  the  attendants 
oQ  SUep.  9 

In  quefto  albergo  tl  grave  Sonno  giacc  ; 
L'Ozio  da  un  canto,  corpulcnto,  e  grailb  5 
Dili'  altro  la  Pigrizia  in  terra  ficde, 
Che  oon  puo  andare,  e  mal  fi  reggc  in  plede. 

Lo  fmemorato  Oblio  fti  fu  la  porta ; 
Non  lafcia  entrar,  ne  riconofce  alcuno : 
Non  afcolta  imbafciata,  nc  ri porta, 
E  parimentc  tien  cacciato  ogn*una. 
U  Silcnrio  va  intorno,  c  fa  la  icorta : 
Ha  Ic  fcarpe  di  feitro,  eU  mantel  bruno 5 
Ed  a  quaati  nc  incontra  di  lontano, 
Che  non  debbian  vcnir  cenna  con  mano. 

OrL  Fur.  xiv.  53^ 
Here  drowfy   Sleep  has  fix'd  his    noifclcfs 

throne. 
Here  Indolence  reclines  with  limbs  overgrown 
Thro'  (luggiih  cafe  J  and  Sloth,  whofc  trem- 
bling feet 
Refufc  their   aid,    and    fink    beneath    her 

>»eight. 
Bcfbrcthc  portal  dull  Oblivion  goes, 
He  fuffers  none  to  pafs,  for  none  he  knows. 
Silence  maintains  the  watch  and  walks  the 

round 
In  ftoes  of  felt,  with  fable  ^rments  bound  j 
And  oft  as  any  thither  bend  their  pace. 
He  waves  his.  hand  and  warns  them  from  the 
Pl*C€-  Hoolu 

ItJLa  truly  charaaeriftical  ftroke  in 
Anoira,  that  when  the  command  is  de- 
livered to  Steeps  he  makes  no  reply,  but 
wtmmtcs  with  a  nod  that  it  Oiall  be  pcr- 
lonned. 

The  very  learned  and  elegant  Profeflbr 
Hcyne,  in  an  Excurfus  to  the  fifth  book, 
ot  Virgil,  has  enumerated  various  ways 
"i  which  the  poets  reprefent  Sornnus  as 
caufing  Hcep.  Virgil  makes  him  fprin- 
J«  the  temples  of  Palinunis  with  a 
wanch  wet  with  Lethean  dew.  Some 
wgenioully  defcribe  hun  as  lulling  to 
rtpofe  by  the  fanning  of  his  wings ;  and 
*"*  givct  hun  a  horn  out  of  wiiich  he 
P««rtlleep. 
^iieau  has  imitat^  both  Ovi^  gnd 


Ariofto  in  the  perfonific^ition  of  MoL- 
LESSE  in  hi^  Lutrin,  This  is  a  being 
compounded  of  lazincfs  and  luxury,  foy 
whom  I  know  not  an  adequate  Engliih 
name.  Her  abode  is  fuitably  fixed  in 
the  dormitory  of  an  abbey.  Her  attend- 
ants arc  very  happily  conceived  and  cha- 
rafteriftd. 

Lcs  plaifirs  nonchalans  folatrent  alentour. 
L^un  paltrit  dans  un  coin  Tembonpoint  dc 

Chanoines ; 
L*autre  broic  en  riant  le  vermilion  dcs  molncs} 
La  volupte  la  fert  avec  des  yeux  devots, 
£t  toujouis  le  fommcil  lui  verfe  dcs  pavots. 
Lutr,  ch.  U.   100. 

It  has,  I  think,  been  juftly  objefted  to 
Boileau,  that  he  puts  100  long  a  fpeech 
into  the  mouth  of  this  languid  pcrfonnge ;, 
but  he  could  not  refift  a  favourable  oc* 
caiion  for  fome  ingenious  adulation  of 
Louis  XIV.     The  conclufion,  however, 
though  clofelv  copied  from  Ovid,  is  per- 
feftly  beautiful : 
——La  MoUcfle  oppre(Tee 
Dans  fa  bouche  a  ce  mot  fent  fa  langue  glaceCy. 
Xt  lafl'c  dc  purler,  fuccombant  fous  Tcftbrt, 
Soupire,  etcnd  le  bras,  f«rmc  Tceil,  &  s'cn- 
dort. 

In  Thomfon's  allegorical  poem,  *•  TTfe 
Cmjlk  of  Indolence i'"'  iimilar  conceptions  to 
thofe  of  the  writers  above-mentioned  are 
dreflcd  up  in  the  moft  CKquifitc  beauties 
of  dcfcription  and  verfification.  But  it 
is  neceflary  to  felefl  parts  of  a  well-known 
piece,  the  whole  of  which  is  lb  admirable. 

I.  A. 
[ffo  he  continued''] 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine » 

SIR, 

Y  your  leave,  Mr.Editor,  I  will  correal 
an  error  of  Mr.  Housman,  in  thef 
laft  paper  he  has  favoured  us  with  in  your 
valuable  Mifcellany.  Speaking  of  Litch- 
field, he  faysi ««  This  town  is  remarkable 
for  having  given  birth  to  two  eminent 
men,  viz.  the  late  Dr.  Johnfon,  and  Mr. 
Garrick  the  comedian."  The  Ijitter  virat 
born  at  the  AngeUinn  at  Hereford,  in  the 
ypar  1716,  and  was  fon  of  Captain  Peter 
G.  (a  French  refugee)  who  was  quar- 
tered there  with  a  troop  of  horfe.  It  is 
true  he  received  the  firlt  rudiments  of  his 
education  at  the  free-fchool  at  Litchfield 
(which  he  afterwards  completed  at  Ko- 
chefter),  where  Dr.  Johnfon  and  he  were 
fellow- (ludenta.  By  the  infertion  of  thele 
few  words,  you  will  not  rf)nly  rettore  to 
Hereford  the  honour  fhe  juftly  claims,  but 
alfo  confer  a  favour  orf  your  obedient  fcr- 
vanty  Herefo&omnsxs. 

Cambridge^  March  i,  n$%^ 


4". 


To  the  Edkorvfthe  MiMthfy  Mngi 

SIR, 

IN  your  Magazine  for  April  hft,  in  the 
account  of  the  lives  and  writings  of 
eminent  tbreicn  literati,  you  have  ob- 
ferved,  that  ATcheiiholz's  "  Figure  rfBng^ 
land**  is  *'  highly  complimentary  to  the 

fenius  and  manners  of  Great  Britam/* 
t  ct^r'ainly  is  lb ;  but  though  the  work 
is  not  wholly  deititute  of  merit,  it  con- 
tains many  roiftakes  in  point  of  fa6(, 
which  might  eafily  be  pomted  out,  and 
which  are  calculated  to  roiflead  foreigrners. 
About  fix  years  ago,  a  "  Fie^w  of  Bnffani^ 
towcuds  the  Clofe  of  the  Eigbteemfh  Che^ 
turj,**  was  publi/hcd,  in  two  volumes,  hv 
Br.  Wtndebom.  That  work  is  not  (o 
complimentary  to  the  Englifb,  as  the 

fubfication  of  Archenholx  ;  but  it  ts  a- 
undantly  more  accurate,  and  contains 
much  more  valuable  information.  Dr. 
Wendebom  was  twenty  years  minifter  of 
the  German  chapel  on  Ludgate-hlll ;  and 
bis  work  is  the  refult  of  much  fhidy,  ob. 
icrvation,  and  reflexion.  J.  T, 


On  the  Tii  9f  Relatiinjbip. 


To  the  Editor  of  the  MontUj  Mi^axin^. 

IT  han  frequently  been  obferved,  that 
no  people,  generally  fpeaking,  live  (b 
ill  together  as  relations.  If  this  remark 
be  true  (and  that  it  is,  experience  too  of- 
ten teaches  us),  it  will  furely  be  worth 
while  to  inveftigate  the  caufe  of  the  com- 
plaint ;  for,  upon  the  face  of  things,  it 
fiiould  appear,  as  if  no  people  ought  to 
Jive  fo  well  together.  Frequent  inter- 
courfe  has  generally  been  held  elTential  to 
friendftiip  j  and,  it  may  fairly  be  prefum- 
ed,  that  no  people  have  fuch  opportuni- 
ties of  feeing  each  other,  as  relations; 
but  frequency  of  intercourfe,  though  it 
be  neceflary  to  cement  friendftiip,  w  no 
abfolute  proof  of  its  exigence  j  any  more 
than  ftrong  profefHons  are,  of  the  exift- 
ence  o^fnere  regard.  Similarity  of  len- 
timent  will  rat\irally  draw  men  together, 
and  excite  attachment  j  but  there  may  be 
many  c.rcumfUnces,  befiden fimilarity  of 
fentimcnt,  which  will  promote  the  union 
•f  men,  without  fccuiing  their  attach- 
ment. Attention  to  the  decencies  and 
proprieties  of  life ;  refpeft,  mixed  with 
reverence  for  the  opinions,  and,  Ibmetimes, 
*vtn  for  the  prejmiicts  of  mankind,  which 
few  are  courageous  enough  wholly  to  de- 
fpife,  will  often  bring  relations  togetlier 
!n  appearance,  when,' in  reality,  there  is 
but  httlc  genuine  efteem.  Indeed  both 
ptJHcy  and  morality  fhould  point  out  to 
thein-tke  necelTity  of  ;ittachlng  tbemielvea 


firmly  to  one  inotber ;  but,  vnfbrtunate- 
ly,  both  policy  and  morality  will  fome. 
times  lofe  their  hold  upon  the  mind,  when 
oppofed  to  prejudice  and  paifion.  Mo- 
rality teaches  us  '<  to  do  unto  others,  a« 
we  would  they  Ihould  do  unto  us  :**  and 
policy  (hews  us,  how  (erviceable  it  is  to 
our  mterefts  to  cultivate  the  efteem  of 
thole  amongft  whom  we  are  placed.  In 
faft,  to  him  who  has  ob&rwa  bow  often 
the  moft  valuable  ends  are  brought  ahout 
in  life,  by  the  moft  fubordtnate  agents,  it 
will  be  iuperfluous  to  urge  this  remark.- 
Neceflity,  or  mutual  want,  appears  to 
have  been  the  foundation  of  moft  of  the 
public  and  private  relations  of  fociety ; 
upon  which  was  afterwards  gradually 
railed  a  fupei1lru£hire,  of  fentiment,  co- 
operation, and  attachment,  conftituting 
the  fineft  pleafures  of  life.  Mea  finding 
how  weak  and  iiifecure  thev  were  in  their 
individual  capacities;  and  how  incom- 
pL'tent  to  their  own  happinefs; — firft 
formed  themfelves  into  the  more  natural  and 
obvious  focieties  of  families,  bound  to- 
gether by  tl«  varying  ties  of  confangui- 
nity,  and  common  intereft; — next,  into 
the  more  refined  ones,  of  ftates,  and  poli- 
tical bodies.  It  is  not,  therefore,  with- 
out  a  juft  knowledge  of  our  nature,  I  con- 
ceive, that  fome  moral  writers  have  laid 
dowh  intereft  as  the  principal  fpring  of 
human  af^ions :  for,  if  we  look  into  the 
caufcs  of  a£iion,  as  far  as  they  are  dif- 
cemible  by  us,  we  (hall  generallv  find  in« 
tereft  to  be  the  foundation  on  which  they 
zEt.  But  felf-inrereft  may  be  of  various 
defcriptions ;  and,  in  fome  cafcs»  fo  re- 
fined, and  delicate,  that  it  is  no  diigrace 
for  an  honeft  nuin  to  acknowledge  himfelf 
influenced  by  it.  There  is  fuch  a  thmg, 
as  the  intereft  which  a  man  takes  in  the 
good  opinion  of  the  world,  as  well  as  the 
intereft  he  takes  in  his  pecuniary  cen- 
cems.  And  hence  it  may  pofUbly  arife, 
that  the  opulent,  and  great,  who  hare 
reached  the  top  branches  of  fecicty,  and 
have  little  left  to  wifti  for,  majr  fbine- 
time«  be  more  ind liferent  to  the  ties  of 
relationfhip,  at  leaft  in  its  rem«te  parts, 
than  the  dependant  members  of  die  com- 
munity, to  whom  the  good  opinion  of 
mankind  is  indifpenfably  requifite  to  fuc* 
cefs  In  their  undertakings.  Among  the 
opulent,  and  luxuripu^,  nKHicy  creates  a 
kind  of  faflitlous  independence.  It  con- 
fers almoft  every  thing  that  indnftry  and 
talents  can  befiow.  They  who  po&fs  it 
in  any  eminent  degree,  feel  how  littk 
they  want  fupport,  compared  with  the 
reft  of  fociety  s  and  this  ienfation  akme 
will  have  a  tcDdcncy  to  produce,  indif- 


On  the  Tie  of  RehtUnJbtp,^^Puniluatton^ 


ftttoce  of  mind»  if  mutual  want  be,  as  it 
already  obferved,  the  foundation  of  mu- 
aial  a^ommodation.  In  tbofe  clafles  of 
Ibciety  where  great  opulence;  and  great 
luxary  prevail,  relations,  not  having  many 
inducements  to  conciliate  affeflion,  will 
generally  lee  lefs  of  each  other,  than  in 
the  middle  rank  of  life :  and  this  circum- 
ftance  may  reafonably  be  expelled  to  ge- 
nerate indifference  of  attachment,  if  friend- 
ihip  ariie  6rom  frequent  intercourle.  For, 
akhough  an  unvaried  intercourfe  may 
ibmetimes  produce  fatiety  and  di%uft 
among  friends;  yet  an  habitual  abl'ence 
will  be  equally  apt  to  occafion  coldnefs 
of  efteem,  fince  it  is  only  in  tl>e  middle 
^int  of  conduft,  that  we  may  juftly  look 
tor  warm  affections.  "  yirtuj  eft  medium 
wtiorum,  et  uirmque  reduSum.'^  Indivi- 
duals in  the  middle  department  of  life, 
are  generally  ayrare,  that  if  they  part 
with  thoft  connexions,  which  nature  or 
choice  has  given  them,  they  may  find  it 
1)0  eafy  matter  to  procure  others:  the 
opulent  can  perceive,  that  they  no  fooner 
lofe  one  fet  of  friends,  than  they  find  an- 
other iieady  to  fucceed  them.  Great  dif- 
parity  ot  fortune  is  another  principal 
caufc  of  coldnefs  between  relations.  There 
nay  be  difparity  of  fortune,  where  there 
is  no  abfolute  want :  for  rich,  and  poort 
are  only  relative  terms,  as  we  learn  from 
Biihop  Watfon.  Under  tbefe  circum- 
ftances,  it  not  unfrequently  happens,  that 
while  the  richer  party  require  too  much, 
the  poor  concede  too  little.  Hence  jea- 
Ipufics,  and  fecret  prejadices  fpring  tip. 
Comparifons  are  mads  between  relations, 
and  (trangers,  unfavourable  to  tlje  former. 
For  whiilt  relations  are  but  too  apt  to 
receive  as  matter  of  right,  what  is  intend- 
ed, and  indeed  ought  to  be  confidei^,  as 
matter  of  favour ;  ftningei*s,  by  the  affi- 
duity  of  their  attentions,  and  the  warmth 
ot  their  acknowledgments,  endeavour,  at 
leaft  tut-wardtjt  to  exprefs  a  juft  fenfe  of 
obligation.  In  ihort,  fir,  it  will  not,  I 
flatter  myfelf,  be  going  too  far,  to  aflert, 
that  fome  of  the  greatell  erroi-s  in  human 
Cotidu^  arifc  from  our  not  dilcriminating 
nicely  the  (hades  of  duty  which  fubfiit 
between  the  two  extremes,  of  actions  of 
abfolute  neceffity,  and,  a£lions  of  ab-^ 
folate  choice.  It  muft  be  obvious  to 
every  thinking  perfon,  that  many  duties 
occur  in  our  intercourfe  with  fociety,  in 
Which,  though  we  are  pbyficalfy  free^ 
yet  we  are  mcralfy  bound  x  cafes,  with 
refpeCl  to  which,  though  the  municipal 
laws  of  our  country  are  fiient,  yet  the 
laws  of  reafon,  and  the  lenfe  of  mankind, 
fpcak  plainly.    Of  this  defcrlption,  are 


411 


the  duties  which  relations  mutually  owe 
to  one  anonher,  I  fubmit  thei'e  hints* 
Mr.  Editor,  to  your  judgment,  upon  a 
fubjefl  both  interefting,  and  practical, 
luterefting,  beeaufe  there  is  no  man,  but 
what  has  ibme  (hare  in  the  obligations  of 
confanguinity;  praclical,  becaufe  it  re* 
gards  offices  which  require  daily  to  be 
put  in  pra£lice.  Every  man  lias  fome 
duties  to  pay  to  his  relations }  or  fome 
fervices  to  receive  from  them.  If  we 
take  the  advantages  of  fociety,  we  muft 
conform  to  the  difadvantages  of  it  $  if 
difadvantages  they  can  be  called.  If  we 
expert  that  relations  (hould  ferve  us,  we 
muft  be  ready,  in  return,  to  (erve  them. 
From  thefe  ientiments  of  benevolence  to* 
wards  friends,  and  relations,  arifes  that 
rational^  and  beautiful  fyftemof  Chriftian 
philanthropy,  fubordination,  and  focialaf- 
fe^ioa,  which,  beginning  with  thofe  who 
are  more  imniediately  connected  with  ut 
by  the  tics  of  blood,  extends  itlelf  gra- 
dually  to  thofe  who  are  more  diftantly 
coimefled  with  us,  by  the  ties  of  country,- 
or  government ;  and  ultimately  I'eaches  to 
all  who  participate  in  the  fame  common ' 
nature.  Private  virtues  are  the  heft  fe- 
curity  for  public  duties.  A  bad  man  in 
the  relations  of  private  life,  can  fcarcelj 
be  expedled  to  he  (Iri^lly  virtuous  in  hie 
public  capacity:  there  is  no  (eparating 
the  two  characters.  For,  the  apofiie 
beautifully,  and  conclufively  argrues,  <'  If 
man  love  not  his  brother  whom  he  hath 
feen,  how  can  he  love  God  whom  He  hath 
not  feen  ?**  If  he  forget  the  duties  he 
owes  to  his  kindred,  which  are  immedi- 
ate, and  natural,  how  fliall  he  remember 
thofe  he  owes  to  his  country,  which  are 
abftra6ted,  and  artificial  ?  But,  after  all, 
let  every  man,  with  becoming  gratitude 
to  his  friends,  learn  to  place  his  chief 
hopes  of  fuccefs  in  lift,  on  his  own  good 
conduft,  and  his  own  induftry.  "  raher 
gmftpte  fortwue  propriee^^^  fays  my  Lord 
Bacon,  from  Plautus  ;  and,  I  believe* 
with  great  truth.  Relations,  or  friends, 
may  afford  the  plan,  but  our  own  exer- 
tions muft  fupply  the  foundation  on  which 
to  build  the  fuperftru£ture  of  our  fortune. 
I  am,  fir,  &c.  &c. 

7Mlf2,  1798.  AitlSTIPPUS. 


To  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine^ 

SIR, 

AS  it  if  a  curious  ftudy  to  trace  the 
different  gradations  by  which  lite- 
rature has  arrival  at  its  prefent  height  | 
aad  as  the  epoch  of  the  introdu^lton  of 
points  and  ftops  is  not  the  leaft  important, 

I  beg 


4xa  Early  PosHtiHg.'^Sc9ts  and  Irtjb  earfy  Lltirafurel 

I  beg  lesnre  to  o|^le  ibme  Iii6b  tp  the 
account  which  the  compileni  of  the 
•*  Encyclop,  Britanfaca"-  give  under  the 
aniclc  punfluation.  Their  words  are  as 
Ibllow;  *<  In  the  15th  century  (16th,  I 
liippofe)  they  mean),  we  obferve  their  iirft 
appearance.  We  find,  from  the  booki 
(K  this  age,  that  they  were  not  all  pro- 
duced at  the  fame  time  )  thofe  we  meet 
with  tlien  in  ule,  being  only  the  comma^ 
the  parenthefis,  the  interrogation,  and 
Cbe  full  point ;  to  prove  this,  we  need  but 
look  into  "  Bale's  A3s  of  EngUJb  Vo- 
.  tmries^^  black  letter,  printed  in  15505 
indeed,  in  the  dedication  of  this  book, 
we  difcover  a  colon,  but,  as  this  is  the' 
only  one  of  the  kind  throughout  the  work, 
it  is  plain  this  ftop  was  not  eftabliihed  at 
this  time,  ahd  fo  warily  put  in  by  the 
printer." 

In  *«  Hackluyfs  Ftrfagest'^  printed  in 
'599'  ^e'fee  the  firfl  in&ance  of  a  femi- 
colon. 

Now,  fir,  I  can  eafily  fuppole  they 
were  not  all  intioduced  at  the  fame  timej 
lb  far  we  agree.  But,  that  the  colon  was 
introduced  many  years  before  1550,  will 
be  proved  by  •«  Nnvi  ^eftameuH  poftnma 
^di/Uf  per  Era/mmmf**  ice 4  anno  15x7$ 
which  is  now  before  me,  and  where  it' 
frequently  occurs;  as  alfo  in  another 
book,  *<  Pub.  0<viSi  Nafonis  MetamoT' 
/A^MT,**  anno  1543*  Nay,  fir,  in  fome 
calf  8,  I  hold  it  to  he  more  early  in  ufe 
than  the  commis,  as  I  have  a  miflal,  from 
its  appearance  printed  in  England,  and 
long  before  the  books  aforementioned} 
but  I  cannot  be  afliired  as  to  its  age,  as  it 
wints  a  title  page,  and  I  do  not  perceive 
a  iingle  comma  in  it :  it  is  printed  with 
red  smd  black  ink,  the  cc^on  is  frequently 
uied,  and  is  made  in  a  diamcnd-Itke  form. 
As  for  the  femicolon,  I  miift  allow  that 
in  the  fenfe  it  is  now  ufed,  I  do  not  find 
it  in  any  of  thefe  books,  but  in  the  Tefta- 
ment,  and  Ovid,  it  is  ufed  as  an  abbre- 
viation ;  as  in  namq ;  »7  -,  qukunq  ;  &c. 
in  the  fame  fenfe  I  fihd  it  ufed  in  <<  Jo^ 
emnis  Cahnni  Commentaria  Integra  m  ad  a 
Jpyjlokrumj''  iS^li  **  D,  Erafm  Koto^ 
roJam  Opus,*''  &c.  anno  1554,  and  in 
Ovid  a  very  free  ufe  is  made  of  this  ab- 
breviating femicolon,  in  almoft  every  line, 
in  fuch  words  as  theCc,  where  the  lad 
fyllable  begins  with  a  q,  as  coaJitaq ;  in- 
pbaqi  fummijffhqi  Sec.  but  in  the  fenfe  it 
IS  now  ufed,  I  do  not  even  find  it  in 
^  fox's  A3s  amd  Monuments,^"  black  let- 
ter, 1 64.1. 

In  hopes  that  fome  of  your  correfpond- 
ents,  more  competent  to  the  taflc,  will 
^ive  fome  further  eiucidaiions  on  the  fub^ 
je£t,  I  remain  yours,  &c. 

Cary-flreeti  Marcb  as,         Wi  A.  S, 


T9  the  Edk9rrftbg  MmtU^  He^eaoHf. 

««» 

WONDERFUL  tales  have  been  toM 
concerning  the  Uterarv  iUumina- 
tion  of  the  Scots  and  the  Iriiii  at  a  Tery' 
remote  period  in  the  dark  ages  of  the 
hiflory  of  modem  Europe.  The  Iriih 
pretend  that  their  ifle  was  the  feat  of 
learning  and  civility,  at  a  time  when  ig- 
norance and  barbarifm  pnnrailed  in  every 
neighbouring  country.  The  Scots  havt 
not  yet  ceafcd  to  fet  up  fimiiar  pretenfions 
in  favour  of  their  ancient  Hebudian  lemi- 
nary  of  Jona.  In  Germany,  in  France, 
even  in  Italy,  the  preteiuicms  of  both 
Scots  and  Iriih  are,  in  part,  allowed  ;  the 
Germans  have  not  been  afhamed  to  refisr 
their  fii-ft  acquaintance  with  the  princi- 
pies  of  chriftianity  to  the  preaching  of  a 
Scotti/h  apof^le;  monaf^eries  bave  been. 
ere£led  abroad,  in  favour  of  the  Scots 
and  Iri/h,  as  monuments  of  that  light 
which  thefe  infular  regions  are  believed  to 
have  once  fent  iorth^  to  enlightcB  the 
world. 

And  ytt,  y^ntti  htflorical  refearcb,  qua* 
lified  to  diftinguifh  between  adequate  evi* 
dence  and  that  which  is  unfatisfa£^ory, 
levtews  the  records  of  thofe  diltant  times, 
(be  difcovers  no  diftinf^  veftiges  of  the 
boafted  illumination  of  Ireland  and  the 
Hebudian  Ifies.  Works  of  art,  trcafures 
of  learning,  airangements  of  fcience,  fuch 
as  might  unequivocally  demonfhate  the 
exiftence  of  fuch  an  ancient  iUtuninatton, 
are  looked  for  in  vain.  Though  a  Gib- 
bon  have  been  betrayed  to  adopt  tbe 
fables  of  a  Boece ;  though  a  Jobnfbn 
could  not  view  the  ruins  of  Jona  without 
having  his  fedings  imprefied  with  a  re- 
ligious awe,  and  exalted  by  a  fervent  en- 
thufiafm ;  though  a  vallancey  have  not 
diiciained  to  patronize  the  Milefian  age  of 
Iriih  htftorv,  yet  m\x^  camdwr  almoft 
concur  implicitly  with  fcepticifm,  in  re- 
jecting all  thofe  as  mere  vague  and  general 
probabilities  which  are  tound  to  want 
the  fupport  of  clofe  and  particular  evi- 
dence. 

Amidft  thefe  difficulties,  I  am  inclined 
to  flatter  m3rfelf,  that  I  have  been  fofici* 
eiitly  fortunate  to  difcover  from  what 
fource  have  arifen  thefe  too  extravagant 
accounts  of  the  early  learning  of  tbe  Scots 
and  Irifli,  which  have  been  fo  widely  pro- 
pagated, without  being  perfeAly  juft. 

If  the  influence  of  the  chrifHanity  of 
the  dark  ages  can  be  accounted  to  have 
been  at  all  akin' to  knowledge  or 'civility, 
then  mud  we  grant  the  Scots  and  the  Iriih 
to  have  poflfeifed  at  leail  this  one  advan- 
tage of  an  enlightened  people,  at  a  time 
when  tbe  Anglo- Saxoni  of  Gcnnany  and 

^ritaia 


Scots  and  Irifi  early  Literature  Mfcujfed. 


Britain  were  utter  Grangers  to  it.  Chrif- 
tianity  was  difFufed  among  the  Celtic  in- 
habitants of  Britain  and  Ireland,  while 
the  Romans  remained  mailers  of  Britain. 
Fi'om  the  we^em  (hores  of  Britain  were 
ii»  preachers  conveyed  to  Ireland,  ere  yet 
the?i6li(h  and  Scotti/h  tribes  of  the  north 
of  Scotland  had  been  converted.  The 
Irlih,  at  a  time  when,  of  the  inhabitants 
of  thefe  Ides,  only  they  and  the  ancient 
Britons  were  chiiftians,  fent  out  apoflles, 
by  whom  the  gofpel  was  propagated  in 
the  HebudaCy  and  among  the  Scots  of 
Argyleftiire.  But,  it  was  not  till  after 
thcic  events  had  paffed,  that  the  Norfc- 
men  of  Scandinavia,  the  Teutonic  tribes 
of  the  north  pf  Germany,  or  the  Anglo- 
Saxons  of  England,  embraced  the  chriltian 
faith.  The  Norfe-men,  or  Danes,  were, 
in  various  inftances,  converted  and  bap- 
tized by  the  Iriih  and  the  Hebudian  Scots, 
whom  their  frequent  defcents,  from  time 
to  time,  harrafled  and  fubdued.  The 
Anglo- Saiusns  of  England  are  recorded 
by  Bede,  to  have  had  the  gofpel  preached 
to  them,  by  raiflionaries  from  Jona,  as 
well  as  by  Auftin,  and  thofe  others  who 
Followed  him  from  Rome.  Boniface,  one 
oftbemoft  diftinguilhed  apoftles  of  the 
northern  Germans,  is,  by  thofe  Germans 
themfelves,  believed  to  have  been  a  Scotf- 
man.  In  the  court  of  Charlemagne  in 
England,  in  different  places  on  the  conti- 
nent, eminent  Scotfmen  from  Jona,  and 
of  the  diiciples  of  the  famous  Columba, 
are  known  to  have,  about  a  thoufand 
years  fmce,  flourifhed. 

Now,  Sir,  permit  me  to  apply  this  de- 
tail of  fafts  to  the  folution  of^  that  hifto- 
rical  problem  which  I  have  above  ftated. 
It  is  rrom  their  having  been  cbrijliantzed 
hefore  the  Saxons  and  the  ancient  Scan- 
dinavians, that  the  Scots  and  Irifli  have 
4crivcd  the  praife  of  an  earlier  literai*y 
illumination  than  was  enjoyed  by  their 
neighbours.  Ignorance  is  often  prone  to 
extravagant  admiration.  They  to  whom 
chriftianity  was  firft  communicated, 
through  the  intervention  of  the  Scots, 
venerated  and  praifed  their  inftru£lors,  as 
the  moil  enlightened  of  mankind.  The 
mifTKuuries  of  Rome,  while  they  rejefted, 
as  heretical,  the  chriftianity  of  Ireland, 
?fld  of  Jona',  yet  could  not  deny  its  ex- 
iftence,  nor  refufe  to  the  Scots  the  praife 
of  being  nearer  to  the  kingdom  of  heaven 
than  the  Anglo-Saxon  heathens.  This 
praife  thus  acquired  by  the  early  chrifti- 
anity of  the  Scots,  was,  in  the  courfe  of 
thofe  dark  ages  which  llicceeded,  conti- 
nually augmented  by  high  pretcnfions  on 
the  one  handi  by  ignorance,  gratitude^ 


4*3 


and  fuperftition  on  the  other.  Not  ttJl 
after  knowledge  had  been  revived  through- 
out Europe,  did  the  tales  in  which  it  was 
commemorated  begin  to  be  difputed^ 
Hiftorical  fccpticilin  would  rejea  the 
whole  as  fidion.  Candid  inveftigation 
difcovers  that  there  is,  indeed,  a  real 
form,*but  one  inveftcd  withfai/e  colours^ 
and  to  the  eye,  enlarged  to  an  unreal,  gi* 
gantic  loftinefs  '  by  the  mifts  through 
which  it  has  been  feen.  The  following 
propofition,  then,  may  be  henceforth  re- 
garded as  a  genuine  hiftorical  truth. 

**  The  Scots  and  Iiifti,  who  were  con- 
verts to  chriftianity,  fooncr  than  the 
Scandinavians,  have,  from  thefe  circum- 
ftances  alone,  derived  that  praife  of  eaily 
literary  illumination,  which  has  been 
eagerly  claimed  by  themfelves,  attributed 
to  'them  by  many  .others,  but  now,  a^ 
laft,  generally  denied  to  them,  fmce  the 
age  of  more  difcriminating  hiftorical  w^ 
fearch  had  its  commencement. 

St.  Andre-MSy  May  17,  1798. 

To  the  EStor  of  the  MoxtUj  M^aseuu« 

SIR, 

THE  facility  with  which  bank  notef, 
efpecially  thofe  of  one  and  tw^ 
pounds  value,  are  now  paid  and  received, 
has  been  the  means  of  introducing  into 
circulation  a  number  of  forged  ones,  of 
the  above  defcription.  The  confidence 
which  the  public  has  hitherto  repofed  in 
the  bank  of  England  is  likewife  inci^afed 
by  an  erroneous  opinion,  which  manv  per- 
fons  entertain,  tnat  all  bank  notes  are 
received  as  fuch  at  the  bank,  fome  thou- 
fand s  of  pounds  being  appropriated  evcnr 
year  by  the  company,  to  meet  the  loU 
they  fuftain  in  confequence  of  forgeries. 
As  the  nominal  value  of  fous^ed  notes,  / 
however,  is  not  allowed  by  the  bank,  but 
the  perfon  to  whom  they  can  be  traced 
back,  is  the  fufferer,  it  is  certainly  a 
matter  of  fome  confequence  for  each  indi- 
vidual to  adopt  fome  method  which  may 
enable  him  to  afcertain,  with  eafe  and 
precifion,  of  whom  he  has  received  any 
particular  bank  note.  This  may,  in  ge- 
neral, be  done  fy  furifi/tg  oh  the  back  of 
each  ftofe,  at  the  time  of  recei'ving  it,  tht 
npme  of  the  perfon  from  ^jhom  it  is  «- 
cei'ved,  I  have  always  praftifcd  this 
method  myfelf,  writing  the  name  of  the 
perfon  in  fliort-hand,  which  requires  but 
little  time,  and  takes  up  confiderahly  lefs 
fpace  than  common-writing,  and  enables 
me,  at  any  future  period,  to  trace  every 
note  back  again,  to  the  perfon  from 
whom  I  received  it.  Were  the  above, 
raeafure  generally    ^4rȣlifed,    it   would 

proTe^ 


4t4  Bank  Notes. ^^ Appearance  of  Finns  in  the  Day.-^Pro/eJir  Msor. 

t     V.  ..:-         ,    •.    •    -•'  .    *  -^      .   -.  • 

^roTe,  perhaps,  a  greater  check  on  the 

lUifiiiiPiifVot  iotgtd  b*4^  paper  tham  a^ 

li^^tpt  d^k  ^\  tn^vfmgs  at  tbediiicr. 

nicfrjif!  {K>0t  of  cy«iutt<in  might  ^t  be 

t^i^iXff  okv'iVMt  to  ftrik^  everyone. 

..Peshapc  it  way  heAbjoaed«  that  the 

l^ckoCa  not*  wottki»  ia a  fhort  time*  be 

^irely  coverod  wkh  nainea  {  aod  k  not 

liup  iomptifiies  th^  cafe  Ukewift  with  the 

endoriemcnt^  9n4ravgfat»  payt^ble  in  Lon* 

4oa,  or  eUewhere  ?    But  in  the  .pnefent 

ipftancerfheie  is  alwaya  a  nrine4)t  at  hand» 

^  i^^miag  iuch  oote&  to  the  bank  iii 

^rder  ^  be  exchanged*  either  for  caih  or 

other  notes  of  the  fame  value.    I  am*  Sir, 

youTiy&c.'  Tho..Moliiievx. 

,.  Mac<kiftU,  Aprils  179^, 


For  the  Mottthlj  Magaximm 

,K  S  jrou  have'often  Avowed  a  predilec- 
XX  tion  for  fa£ls,  I  beg  leave  to  fend 
]r9H  the.foUowing  one,  which  has  at- 
trailed  much  attention  in  this  city*,  viz. 
the.pbnet  Vcnua  bemg  diftinaij  vifible 
at  noon  on  Thurfilay  the  i  ft  inftant ;  it 
was  firi^  (een  about  ten  o*ciock  m  the 
iQprning,  and  it  was  diftinAly  obferved 
6y  oianv  fpeftators  till  late  in  the  even- 
ing, fiut  what  rendered  the  vlfibility  of 
the  planet  much  more  curious,  is  the  hA 
that  the  air,  on  the  ift,  was  remarkably 
den(e>  there  had  been  a  heavy  fall  of  rain 
the  night  before,  and  that  morning  there 
were  fcveral  ftiowers  of  rain  and  fleet. 
The  ftatemcnt  that  I  have  juft  given  of 
^  weather,  precludes  the  only  phlTolbphi* 
c'al  caufe  (rarefa^ion^  that  1  know,  that 
can  be  aifigned  for  this  deviation  from  the 
general  laws  of  nature;  I,  therefore, 
mould  be  much  oblij:ed  to  any  of  vour  af- 
tropomlcaJ  readers,  if  they  would  nave  the 
goodnels  to  ihfonii  roe  (through  the  me- 
diym  of  your  Very  ufeful  Magazine),  on 
what  principle  they  account  tor  this  ex- 
traoi-dinarv  clrcumftahce—  or,  whether 
like  mfc,  tney  rank  it  amongft  one  of  the 
many  inexplicable  plienoraena  of  nature. 
FeK  15,  1798.  •     ,      Cleon. 

For  the  Monthly  Magascine. 

MR.  EDITOR^ 

THE  new  light  that  has  lafely  been 
thrown  on  the  formation  of  lan- 
guages, and"the  philofophy  of  ^grammar,,  '. 
by  the  celebrated  author  ofEllEA  rtT£/ 
POENTA,  will,  it  is  to  be  lioptrd,  givt 
birth  to  cfltntial  improvrments  m  riic  art 
of  communicating  and  acquiring  cr^m-  . 
matical  knowledge.     Little  or^  nomlng,^ . 


howerer,  has  hitherto  been  done,  in  tKis 
connti^  tDwiHKla  appAyia^Attfe  pnaci- 
ples  to  piNVfKv*  '•  ^todcnta^T  iBicniL  end 
Latia.  hiJ^at  ^fA  iMiped.ns  Sirtiberhe* 
oefit  duB  that  of  hesiag:  tWr  e|pea 
opened  to.tba.fiitiUtyand  fatbrinirfwft 
J[  owr  -oknientary  tnstiibi,  which  are 
equally  emneotfa  iji  pnnciflr,  e^nfaied 
ia  jnetDod^juid  baiterous:  ia  timuiiaiii 
while,  far  any  ical  aadlnft  innftifatioiia 
of  the  parts  of  ipcech,  they  are  obligod 
to  have,  recoarfe  to-  the  pundtiui  Inou-- 
brations  of  rhr  Datnh  etymoloeifts  and 
commentators,  Schukent,  Htnolerhuis, 
Valckenaer,  Lenncp,  and  ^heid.  It 
will  not,  thcirt'ore,  I  flatter  mytrlf,  be 
unacceptable  to  your  young  readers,  to 
be  made  acquainted  with  a  (mall  ticatiie, 
in  our  own  laneuagc,  on  this  fubjeft, 
which  it  is  likely  has  nev^  found  iti 
way  very  gcnei-ally  fouth  of  the  Twctd. 
The  title  of  it  is:  <<  Om  the  PrepffitioMS 
of  iht  Greek  LategMgi  \  am  Imtr^iuSmj 
ify/^  Glafg.  1766.  It  was  the  pro. 
duaion  of  James  Moor,  LL.D.  Pro« 
feflbr  of  Greek  in  that  u&iveriity,  a  maa 
whofe  critical  acumen  in  the  philofophy 
of  language,  will  be  readily  acknow* 
ledged  by  all,  who  are  acquainted  with 
the  compi'ehennve  fimplicity  of  the  prin- 
ciples and  rules  delivered  an  hi^  Gn-ek 
grammar;  ^hich  performance,  unbao- 
pily,  he  did  not  live  to  complete.  Toe 
Eifay  in  quefllon,  is  indeed  fL  moft  in- 
genious attempt  to  trace  the  priinanr  fig- 
nification  of  the  pcepodtioftk^  and  ap- 
proaches fo  near,  in  many  cafes,  to  tht 
genuine  corporeal  meaaing,  that,  were  it 
not  the  bell  practical  treatise  oa  the  fub- 
je6l,  It  ought'  to  be  known  to  every  fcho- 
lar,  as  an  tnftance  of  the  contemporary 
progrefs  of  philofophical  mveilintiofl, 
m  difTerent  countries,  refpefUag  the  ori- 
gin and  application  of  words,.  Had  Pro- 
feffor  Moor  lived  to  purfue  hisdifcijffioos, 
it  is  probaWc  that  thcr  would  have  coded 
in  a  more  rational  ana  fatisfa£tpr)'  duti- . 
dation  of  this  as  well,  as  other  topics  of 
Greek  grammar,  than  anjr  yet  fubmitted 
to  the  ingenious.  That  noac' of  his 
fcholars,  who  heard  his  lc^hixTfs>.*or  of 
thofe  who  have  perufed  his  EflayKftould,. 
•  from  the  glimpfi^  of  light  thereinion- 
ta!n<^,  have  fti-uck  laro'Sjc*^  truijiaft  of 
;  grammatical  invc/ligatioq,*  ynjl  Bp^  |p- 
pear  furprlfin^  to  tbofc.  w|ja,li^Qnefii. 
how  ftidom  the_  literary  iUuiaS^  fm  Jit . 
air^Enrope, 'can  boaft  the  hs&e-'of  a.. 
HotireTooke^  Iam,jrQiMti&'' 1*^ 
I'M/ ly,  i^^j:.  /       ;    - 

thon^h  thi  i\fbtet^'hitft  »«»t 


Mmnrs  tfJAirfvHy  JutlmrrfHttrlsthruwhoi*  ^tf 

didaotcoBftkutefttblimity.  Tbetntliet 
himleil  performed  the  part  of  Lord  Plane* 
one  of  the  chara^ten,  a  title  whicK  h* 
horn  thence  obtained}  and  was  faiuted 
with  by  all  ranks  during  the  remaindef' 
of  hit  life.  Thit  extraordinary  work 
was  publiflied  byfubfcriptiony  m  the  year 
^7x9,  and  many  names  of  the  firft  rank 
md  oonfeooence  then,  in  the  kingdoitiy 
wet  prefixed  at  fubTcribcrs.  The  charaft^ 
of  the  play  it  defcribed  with  great  hu* 
mour  in  the  epilogue  annexed  to  it^ 
written  by  Mr.  Byrom,  of  whirh  I  ouote 
from  memory  a  few  of  the  ideas.  Hur* 
lothrumbo  (another  of  the  chara6lers)  it 
introduced  upon  the  fbige,  quanvliing 
with  a  critic  concerning  th£  ijualitits  m 
the  drama. 


,  toftcwts  , 
nCfouigU,  wte  hts'fBVovrad  ite  with  a 
Sain  of  Gttttsc  cotna  lahleqnent  to  the 
itfohitiflai»  that  the  earUeft  mcdaliic  com- 
flMmoratioa  of  rifing  freedom  in  that 
country t  ia  iLOoin  reprcfenting  the  taking 
of  the  BaftiUe»  and  ftnick  iooa  after  that 
unportant  CTcnt.  The  execution  is  good« 
aad  the  piece  deicnres  aotke»  as  being 
tbcfirftoff  a  frrics»  defined  to  rtcord  tl£ 
hiith^  pragreftg  aad  triumphs  of  liberty. 

Ar  tke  Mtntfffr  Mi^atsm0» 

MR.  EDITOR9 

YOU  may  probably  have  ieen  or 
heard  of  tim  renowned  comedy,  or 
dyj  or  fareei  or  opera,  or  what  you 
called  Huriothrumbo,  or  the  Super* 
natuialsp  which,  about  60  or  70  yi:ars 
ago,  made  fuch  a  noife  in  this  kingdom, 
and  was  the  means  of  imposing  a  trick 
upon  the  public,  iimilar  to  that  of  the 
memorable  Bottle  Conjuror.  Perhaps  a 
frw  biographical  (ketches  of  Lord  Flame, 
iti  eccentric  author,  and  to  kno#  where 
dK  father  of  Hurlothrumbo  lies,  may  not 
be  nnacceptable  to  fome  of  your  readers. 
His  real  name  was  Samuel  Johnfon ;  a 
nan,  who  though  not  equ^,  in  folid  CenSt 
and  ftrength  of  underftanding,  to  his  ce- 
khrated  namefake,  may  at  Eaft  contend 
with  him  on  tbe  (core  of  Tivld  ^mcy,  ver- 
frtility  of  talent,  and  oddnefs  of  charafter. 
With  the  profcflion  of  a  dancing-mafter, 
in  which  he  excelled  very  much,  be  united 
that  of  a  poet,  of  a  mufician,  and  a 
^layer.  In  the  firft  of  thefe  charaAers 
he  was  tutor  to  ibme  of  the  Jiigheft  fa<- 
nilies,  and  by  that  means  became  ac- 
quainted with  many  of  the  nobility.  The 
late  Duke  of  Montague  (the  reputed 
author  of  tbe  Bottle  Conjuror),  finding 
Mr.  Johnfon  a  proper  inmrument  for  his 
frvoorite  ourpofe  of  ridiculing  the  cre- 
dulity ana  fooliih  curiofity  ot  the  age, 
cng^ed  him  to  write  tbe  play  of  Hurlo- 
thnnnbo  s  a  compofition,  which,  for  ab- 
fardbombaft  and  turgid  nonicnfe,  per- 
haps, ftands  unrivalled  in  the  Engliih 
langiu^  iniomach  diat  **  Hurlothrum^ 
honnt"  is  now  become  %  proverbial  ex- 
fieffioB.  Thit  play  was  extolled  in  the 
oewrpaperaby  the  duke,  as  tbe  moft  fub- 
limeemt  of  human  genios  ^ich  had 
for  a  long  time  appeared  j  inconfrquenoe 
^whtch,  aad  the  contifroed  romnw-nda.- 
tiotts  of  it  which  wese  tibiu  echoed  round. 
It  was  perferuKd  for  many  fucccfCvc 
ni^,  tin  the  wfaflie  town  had  had  the 
fttisfiAioi^  or  flther  tbe  mortification, 
flf  finHn^  theoifrlrta  pcrlonally  duped, 
tad  of  difrondng  dttt  nmintelligible  rant 
MoNTULrhlAO.  No.  XXXII. 


•^«  Ckxt.     Ctll  this  t  play  t 


Why  chere^s  no  fiot,  or  nooe  thac*ft  un Jcr- 
ftood. 
HuXL.    There's  a  reU^BM  tho*,  and  thst*S 

u  good. 
CaiT.    No  fpirit  nor  genittS  in  it.  -   Hoxl* 
Wh4t !  doA*c  here 
A  fpirit  and  a  genius  both  appear  V* 

In  truth,  and  fo  thgr  do,  Mr.  HuN 
lothrumbo,  and  as  terrifying  a  fpirit  at 
the  beft  of  them ;  no  left  than  death  him* 
felf,  who  enters,  arraVcd  in  all  his  ac- 
coutrements,, mounted  on  a  great  black 
horie,  and  attended  by  a  genius  as  hor- 
rible as  himfelf.    But  to  proceed  to  the 
mention  of  Lord  Flame^s  other  produc- 
tions I  foon  after  the  publication  of  Hur* 
lothrumbo,  encouraged,  no  doubt,  by  the 
extraordinary  fuccws  of  his  laft  perform- 
ance, he  wrote  another  play,  called  the 
Biasing  Sur,   or  the  beauties  of  the 
Poets,  which  was  equally  patronized  with 
his  Uft  performance,  and  whi^  he  de- ' 
dicated  to  the  then  Lady  Delves  and  Lord 
Walpole.    The  dedication,  to  which  he 
fubfcribed  himfelf  Lord  Flame,  is  a  mo- 
del for  compofitions  of  thi^  nature  ^  and 
thofe  who  are  at  a  lofs  for  the  ftyle  of 
dedicatorial  adulation^  need  only  refort 
to  this  fpecften  of. his  lorddiip,  to  be 
initiated  into  the  whole  art  and  myftery 
of  it.    The  Blazing  Star  is  bv  no  meaaa 
tnfrrior   in  fiAUmiiy  to  Hurlothrambo» 
and  the  common  xxnpoetical  reader  wiU» 
doubtlefs,  be  a  little  furprized,  when  he 
hears  not  only  the  heroes,  but  even  their 
very  pages,  venting  the  mofl  lofryand 
(bundmg  paflkj^s  of  Milton,  and  other 
authors,    as   familiar  dlfcourfe.      Loitl 
Flame  frems  perfe£lly  to  have  under(loc>d 
the  meaning  of  Loiu^inus  vi^i  v^n^t  for 
the  dialogue  (bars  lb  confUntly  in  the 
fMhUme,  tbat  every  one  of  the  chaiaOers 
ranges  at  hia  eaie,  through  the  kighcfi 
JH  .  p=rt 


MtMirspf^L^f^  FM^, 


|Rurt  dflnttociv  inn  ti6wr  ^sStift  ottttKa. 
to  dcfetiU  an  iiwh  hdmr  theUiMi».4iie 

^  TboTc  two  pb^s  are  nswrvtiy  ram 
cod  it  it  to.be  Lutwnrtedl  that  they  JuriMt 
mon  diflMsd  niuoiig  th<*  warM>  lot  the 
bcnetit  of  trafic^  or  -wmttii-be^'fvblune 
fatfaors  in. general*  Tiicie mrr  not  Ub 
)of)4|fluD'«  onlj  prodn^kms  in  tke  <bm«« 
ptd«  Hae»  tor  i  was  favoumi»  hy  «• 
ii»geniou«  gattkmui  who  hiul  refost  to 
IiM  (lapcfft  jitor  hit  ^eat)^  withtMro  bm* 
IMfcrlpt  piayH  ii^  ^^^  ^nit  ftyle  at  the 
twA  Im£dr  .menttonedy  togi^liier  with  t 
yrintod  dtal^uti  intitlcd'"  Court  and 
Country/''  Thegentkmanwhofumiilied 
me  wim  thde .  {Sayst  waa  Bryan  Greyii 
£(q.  of  Ldnca&cr>  lately  deasalfid*  a 
Wny  wlioy  witk  tbe  inoA  amiable  difpo- 
it  ions  of  the  heartv  united  an  elegance  of 
mmdy  an  inteUigencey  a  variety  of  ac- 
ifumrOKats  ^poAe&d  by  few.  Conikkitd 
«t  a  moft  agreeable  compani«n»  as  a  man 
mi  fiqperaorteloBts,  ktnd>  cendefcendtng 
ao  all»  le  wil(  be  long  remenbered  and 
regretted  -by  a»  numeroui  a  circle  of 
ft'yndMf  «t  periiapa  ever  graced  the  ac- 
4|iiaiataace  of  a  prirata  gentleman.  I 
eooM  aot  help  faying  tbb  6nall  tribute 
eo  departed4nerit»  though  it  has  fome- 
wbariBtesmptai  die  thread  of  my  nan-a- 
<iae.7^r&rt^  to  recnnv  ana  blank  leaf  in 
ODf  of  tfae(einaiiiifariptplay»9  iitbecafifr 
of  a  letter  Written  bj  Lonl  Flame^  and 
ieemingU  infiendcd  for  the  manager  of 
««ne  of  the  ihe»tBBi»  which,  aa  it  throvn 
•.little  li^t  up0A  the  autlmr-a.chani^Ui^ 
I  tranicribe, 

<«  Sir»  \aik  'May  tweltvmenth  I  callM  to 
fee  .jpea,  anA  eitr  ym  a  pUy«  •batlfWi  tbousht 
peeper t»;tell me  that  yevwceetbeaai^agad 
for  two  ycaxS|  9a4  that  time  being  now  near 
cx^d|  I  write  this  to  let  yoa  know  that  I 
tiave  been  thirty  years  compofeing  mafic  and 
fongs,  and,  out  of  a  great  number,  1  have 
pickM  out  thirty  fbiij^s,  and  hava  Made  an 
£ng)ifh  to«Bedy,  or 'opera,  and  fuch  a  Ode 
that  win  i&UDdncratl  the  paffions  that  mufic 
X»n  detefM.  1  hfiiva  Ibme  bffiacfs  in  Loadbn 
in  May,  mA  I  .Yhiok  teido  myfelf  the  ho- 
nour to  wait  on  you  with  the  drama-part  af 
myop^ra^  and  writ  leave  it  with  yoa  to  pe- 
rofe  at  long  as  ypu.  Aall  think  prdpcfr.  What 
I  dcii/e  of  you  it,  to  hear  the  comedy  read 
''^OT^r,  mnA  wfien  It  tomes  to  a  fohg  then  I  will 
pl4^  the  aire  end  fymphony  \  and  I  have  the 
h.-mpytiefr  to  thftki  that  there  it  no  better 
jaffgot'-a  fong  rn  the  Iciirg'dbm  thsm  yourfelf, 
'^  and  VhciiyOu  have  hfard  it,  if  you  fay  ehtt 
you  Havc  ever  heard  a  letter,-  thwi  1  will  not 
'dcftrc  Yt)ii  tojiby  it^  btttif  ymrftould  think 
Jt  bt'ttcrthin  ariy/?mA.tiot  rikc  it  ifr,  tien 
VM  ftilJ-  Syr  ^m^-toVhV anchor,  and  hmdcr 


ftba  tevmrjof  mi  .cotertamnimti  aad#  in-  elii 
Ihinl  pUeft^yw  may  ppeveaa-any  gnu  ge. 
aiu^  4<uig  up  ia  ^  age^ywvUve- io.  J 
heard  the  Duke  o(  Mootagoe  fay,  that  U 
Kotner  was  in  London  in  ttiis  age^.aiyi  dij 
write  for  thc'play-houfe,  his  genius  would 
be  thrown  away,  for  the  mafHru  wo«itd  not 
do  bis  work  the  honour  td  iNik  at  it.  I  have 
made  ftvc  operas,  and  all  erf  them  were  pcr- 
fbrmed  tn  pubKc,  bet  then  I  Was  young  aail 
aAed  ^  them  myfelf,  bat  Mw  1  am  about 
faarieofe  years  old,  and  caiiMt  a£t  any  mote  ) 
but,,  u  this  i^era  b  muck  tht  beft  that  ever 
i  made, .  I  am  defimus  to  fee  ie- ^formed  be* 
lore  Meavc  the  world.** 

There  ft  tio  date  or  (ignatnre  to  thu 
letter,  nor  any  title  pagee  to  the  two  ma- 
ttufcriptplkys  in  my  poffeffion,  at  feme 
of  the  nrft'  leaves  arc  torn  awnyj  bnt 
whenever  the  learned  world  fliaH  expreit 
any  defire  to  fee  thcfe  intffttmablc  trcafiutt 
ofgeniut  in  print,  they  (half  be  brought 
forth,  difplayed  on  a  fine  crrtm-rolourfd 
wove  paper,  and  hot  prefled,  with  en- 
graving^ by  the  beft  artifts,  exprcfltvt  of 
the  nioft  lublime  paflages.  The  other 
opera  alluded  to  in  thit  letter,  I  have  not 
feen,  and  am  fearful  it  has  (bared  ihi 
fete  of  many  claffic  anthon,  the  want  cl" 
which  wi  now  deplore,  namely,  that  h  h 
totally  loft.  As  a  poet,  the  ^lays  above 
mentK^ed,  which  "  are  interlperfed  wi A 
manv  original  piecet  of  poetry,'*  rxaflly 
in  the  manner  of  our  modem  noreh 
(another  recommendation  for  the  world 
to  hare  them  printed)  bear  the  gevhis  cf 
Lord  Flame  ample  teftimony.  Tbe  po- 
etry, rfo  doubt,  contributed  not  a  Kttic 
to  the  fiime  of  hi;j  dramas.  So  much  for 
hii  writif)g<;.  Lord  F&ne,  after  having 
tnoved  the  chief  part  of  hh  IHe  in  the 
higher  chrlet,  was,  in  hit  decTintng  age, 
prefented  by  the  Kite  Earl  of  !!•*•♦♦•- 
^••,  to  ^hofe  family  hehad  ftrmerFy  betn 
tutof  in  (he  art  of  dancing,  w)tH  a  finall 
tnanfion  at  Gawfwonh,  a  romomtic  v3- 
hge  nearMaccIeBfield,  !h  Chcfttnci-where 
■he  might  fpend  the  remamder  ofhH  days 
in  peace,  and  indulge  hfsplfiion  'for  rat 
mnfes,  in  ritnd  leitoe.  To  thia  place  he 
retirtd,  where  he  wai'Hbat^  Ittppoittd 
by  Ae  annual  contrlbutbfis  of  fcvertd'of 
the  flrft  wits  of  the  age,  and  many  of 
thofc  ftmilies  with  wMclxhe*fc^  befee 
been  hitlhiat^:  The  nitihi^af  lipbldnan 
had  been  fo  fong  acctittdmed  iotta-lihn- 
felf  addrefled  by  his  tirftf,  tWt  hr  at  W 
abfoluteiy  fancied  fcm^elf'to  V**^^^* 
aping  the' maimeh  and  aAsAiiilg  all  the 
digjnity  of  one  dcfcefl[lf!Al'frdm;^i1apg 
traift  of  nWftrlods  anceftry;*  *flir jp^tnoBs, 


wUIidg*  perhaps  *t6  h^6OTx4c'Co»cth, 

WR6 


Mtm»ixt^4f'lMd  Fimm'. 


4«? 


jiRjnedtttdy  to  him»  W  to  'ti^  '£arl  «# 
ll«««««««»»»s  ftcward,  ii4io  iirtd  at 
GiwiwQrtliy  and  'wlio  uibtf  to  wait  upon 
tord  Flame  aanually,  whh  this  intro- 
du^ory  addreft-^"  My  Lprd,  I  have 
brought  you  your,  rent*."  Hewasdc^ 
£red  to  wait^  aqd  his  lordOup  haying  tx*. 
feiv«d  the  noney^  gave  him  a  ioxtasil  re* 
ceipt,  and  diiJnt^  Kim«  Indeed  one  «f 
kis  patrona*  the  JBiihop.  of  C  >  se* 
|ulariv  tFaofniitttti  to  him  perfbnaUy»  an 
tnnttal  present  of  a  pound  of  tea,  in 
which  were  contained  ten  p;\iineas  $  but  it 
is  probabk,  from  ieveral  little  ftoriet  told 
coaccminz  hlni,  that  had  the  naked  Tub- 
iai])rion  been  fent  to  him,  undilguifed 
lod  unpailiated  by  ibme  fuch  cover  as 
tlie  tea»  he  would  have  mfented  the  gift 
intended  for  hb  fubfiilence,  as  an  aflfron.^. 
He  vas  familiar  at  the  tablet  of  the  gen- 
tlrtaen  in  the  neighbourhood,  where  hit 
lively  tallies  of  wit  made  him  conHantly 
acceiitabky  and  where  he  aiwayt  behaved 
«s  it  he  was  really  of  the  rank  which 
hi^  title  imported.  The  nifties  ft  ill  re- 
jnember  iilm«  and  relate  with  fmilet, 
maay  little  anecdotes  concerning  hit  ec- 
centric deportment.  They  all  of  them 
i&Tariably  addrefled  him  by  the  title  of 
**  My  Lord,'*  but  behind  his  back  they 
five  him  another  title,  not  quite  fo  re- 
Ipedabie  as  the  firft,  namely,  '<  Old 
Maggotty/*  He  was  himfelf  of  a  good 
old  age,  but  notwithftanding,  had  a  par- 
ticular diflike  to  old  women.  Ttiere 
ivas  an  old  woman,  named  Hannah 
Bailey,  who  lived  neighbour  to  him,  and, 
it  is  probable,  had  never  been  unkind  to 
iiiin,  hm  on  whom  he  never  could  look 
with  an  eye  of  favour.  One  ftory  in  par- 
ticularr  I  recoiled  hearing  from  the  vll- 
bgers  concerning  htm :  it  it  cuftomasy 
in  ouuntry  churcnet,  when  a  couple  hat 
been  newly  married,  ion  the  fingera  to 
chiunt,  on  the  foUoWtne  Suadav,  a  par- 
ticular plahn,  thence  called  the  Wedding 
^ralm,  in  which  are  thelc  words:  <'  On 
veil  is  thee,  and  happy  ftult  thou  be.'* 
It  happened,  that  the  nuptiala  of  a  vil- 
lage pair  were  thus  celebrated  belore 
^ord  Pkune,  but  the  hoarfe  mufic  of 
^  countrymen  did  not  pleafe  hia  refined 
tv.  When  the  fervicc  was  over,  he  ac- 
coftcd  the  ckr^man  at  the  church-4<M»r 
with  thisopiniop,  "  1  tell  you  what,  fir, 
1  think  yonder  Tom  Friar  would  do  to 
«»g  Oh  weU  is  the?,  and  happy  ihalt 
jnou  be,  if  the  devil  was  married  to 
Hannah  ^ile)'.''  Hie  nifties  celebrate 
aini  as  a  remarkably  excellent  performer 
^theviolin,  which  ftampa  an  additional 


luiiir  ma  hfe  nainer  {viliir -dmaArr  0^ 

a  mufieiaiu  Tlwy  add;  too,^that  hr  htm** 
felf  imagined  he  waa  an  >imo«nnmnni|r 
inekidinna>  fingrr^  ;but  the  contDnlons.  of 
hia  fatx  dnripg  the  ftertbrmaice^  weiv  * !» 
hideoift,  afaat'be  waa  eocoftoniBd,'  whan* 
omr  he  waa  deftreA^  to  fingy-  to  ftandwitti 
his  foce  ck>le  to  a  wall,  and^  to  covea  cack 
fide  of  It  with  his  hands,  in  order  to  yo^ 
▼ent  every  poilible  chance  of  its'  being 
faan,  aa  oHierwile  it  wouU  have  been 
fnre  to  have  diwtrted  aU  attention  irom 
Ut  l«ng.  After  having  enjoyed  ^ 
iWeeta  of  tranquillity -m  his  tBqu«ftcn4 
retreat  for  ftveral  yvart,  he  was  at  iaft 
fiiramoned  out  of  this  world  in  the  yaar 
1 7 to.  When  he  waa  on  his  death^bedi 
he  eameftly  reqnefted,  that  after  his  db> 
cealc,  hit  body  might  not  be  buried  in 
the  chuich^yard,  l>ur  in  Gaw^ortk 
wood,  and  attired  at  bit  reafim  £orthc 
irange  rcqueft,  that  he  was  certain,  if 
he  was  buried  in  the  chusoii^ynrdr,  that 
at  the  rttfttfTe£kion«  lone  old  .wanah  «r 
•ther  wimld  be  qoan^UingWith  kim  coit» 
ceming  the  prapenv  of  a  kg  or  thigh 
bone,  and  tfaerenre  hr  waa  dettmnnad  tb 
keep  bimfelf  to  hhafrlfc  A  vnsdft  waa 
accordingly  made  Ibr  htm  in  tfa(  atoodf 
near  a  favourite  fpot,  which- had  hem 
hit  conftant  walk  and  haunt  «f  madon* 
tton,  and  he  waa  theve  buriadv-  Thr 
naif^bouring-gentknmwiftung  to  fva^ 
Ibrve  the  meaaorv  of  fo  catramlnar^  n 
ckara6ier,  ereAe<f  a  ftmtt tomb overhmit 
for  which  the  ibUoanng  aDkaph  ^«r»t 
written,  and  haa^fincr  hsca  infc^iML  tpon 
it:  .  . 

Under  this  ftone 
Reft  the  renaim  oTAftr.  Siwacl  JohflfiBo» 
AfservMrdt  enMbloa  with  the  grander  tkicaf 

LOUD  FLAME, 

Who,  after  haVing^  been  in  hit  tiA;  'MitiA 

from  other  men. 

By  the  <^centricltie«  of  hit  geniils^ 

Chole  to  retailv  the  ^me  cbaraftcr  after  hit 

death. 

And  was  at  'his  oara  deifre  hailed  heic* 

A.  P.  xySa    Aged  %%» 

Stay  thou,  whom  chanse  dlreds|t  or  ca(e  per* 

fuades,. 
To  £ee)c  the  quiet  of  thef&fylvan  iMci  , 
^crc,  undtfturb'i,  sod  hU  ^om  vula^'  ^^^9 
A  wit^  muiiuan,  poct«  |Iayeir»  lies ;. 
A  d^incing-ixuftier  too,  la  ^race  he  ihone^ 
And  Huriothramho's  6xe  was  all  h's  oiva ; 
'l>js  h(;y  vith  pea  (ublima,  who  diewJUord 

Flame,    . 
Ailed  the  part,  and  |imM  himfelf  the  name. 
Avcrfe  to  ftrife,  how  oft  he*d  gravely  lay, 
Xheie  peaceful  groves  ihaald  ihadc  hit  breach* 

lef|  clay»  » 

3^2  That, 


^» 


StccihMet^.^Mj^iibnt&u$  ^^h/tn^icns. 


That,  callM'to  (it<Ati  Hfe,  hetrMA«l#iM)|    ' 
No4ricAd  andhr  (kbuU  ^atrrel  for  »  bMic« 

To  gst.to  kccT*a»  ibfr*a  ftepl  bis  Us  or  tbigh. 

lotn,  fir,  yovr  Tcry  oKecifMl  ftrnrtnty 
B^amitgtM,  1 6ii  Det*  2797 .  C  L« 

-ir»  fi^r  £^'/^  ^  ^  Momi^fy  Mttgttxifie^ 

ITU, 

I  DO  not  meaft  to  attempt  to  difprove 
rtie  principle/  bid  down  by  your  cor- 
leijtondent  •••,111  your  laft  Month't 
Kf  agazine,  rehtiTe  to  the  claims  of  the 
national  creditor,  however  exceptionable 
ibme  of  them  may  be^biit  now  only  to 
€0iYe6l  an  error  he  has  certainly  mn  intoi 
to  his  Ratement  of  the  number  of  ftock- 
holders,  which  he  thinks  to  be  about 
6o,bob.  I  believe  It  is  pretty  certain, 
and  f  have  good  authority  for  aiFertinff, 
that  there  are  much  nearer  ion,ooo  m 
the  whole  amount,  and  doubt  not  in  the 
1e«(^,  there  are  160,006,  or  iSo,ooo.  I 
hlire  been  afTured,  by  ^ntlemen  at  the 
bank,  tbert  are  as  many  as  60,000  m 
the  3  per  cents,  only ;  which  he  makes 
the  ammmt  of  the  tvbdt.  And  withal, 
it  Ihotild  betonfidered,  there  are  two  or 
three  times  the  number  of  families  that 
Imve  perhaps  their  chief,  or  great  depend- 
ence on  tlie  property  of  their  parents  or 
inHkrelitivcs,  vAich  lies  in  the  different 
<^ecles*of  funds,  or  public  fecurities.  I 
am,  ycTxrs,  &c.  S*  E. 

Bucks,  \^th  Aprii, 

Ta  the  EJitor  of  the  Monthly^  Magazine. 
SIR,        , 

ISend  you  a  few  bofe  Tefleftions  on 
fubje&s  defcanted  upon  in  the  lait 
number  of  your  entertaiixing  and  inftruc- 
titc  Miirelfany. 

Mr.  Erikine  tn  the  Hodfe  rfCwtmoru* — 
Voor  readers  will  undoubtedly  feel  them- 
ielvts  much  obliged  to  you  iot  the  pub- 
lication of  this  paper  j  v'hieh  at  once 
t^a*o^'$  lb  much  light  upcn  en  intereftinr 
hrinch  of  mir  political  antiquities,  and 
vlaccs  in  fo  fair  a  point  of  view  the  con- 
-nftency  and  character  of  a  man  whofe 
irirtbe>t  (notv^jthftandfng  a  few  foibles, 
4nd  o»rt»n  fortunate  }Trcitid  ice)  are  fcorcely 
ffiier :6r  to  IjH  talcntr.  We  lee,  by  th^ 
e^olhgiatc  bxerrife,  that  *he  pitriotifm  and 
?ove  (i'F  Whtriy  which  ha\it  diftinguilhed 
Jiis  forinfific  and  panbTirntary  exertions', 
titr  not  to  be  cortfidefrd  as  the  cant  of 
fbe  plcid?r  and-  the  partiziw,  Init  as  the 
gemiiTie  cfFufrons  of  a  nobis  principle  early 
indsibcd  and  well  digefted.  That  the 
t:g>.ts  of  nanklnd  are  pfior  and  para- 


iMiilftiMll«>Mllt^M»^«ii 
i«'no  Ibttitfrof  tbnittitkm  to  IwrtlM  tiafav 
of  nituff  ,^  «f«  tfOtlii  beyofld  tUeiumwi 
pah  of  tecftnktl  fcience  aad^atlMt^f 
and  that  *'  ftvcdom-upon  fogliilPfrincU* 
|des*^  includes  the  right  of*' all  who  4ttv 
the  objeOrs  of  the  law,  to  be  ptrteaUy* 
or,  by  reprelimtatioA,  the  makenof  cha 
kwfi'*  is  a  principle  ibo  hamt  and  mm* 
ral  to  «n(Wer  the  meM  putfoiei  ct  «iy 
perfonal  fli£lioii.  It  by  perliaps;  on' act* 
count  of  the  energy  #iA  which  Mr.  £« 
has  enforced  the  conviClioiis  -  Tefiiki]i| 
from  the  former  of  thefe  prinoififatt,  tW 
the  mere  lawyers^  the  dull  dctnUcra  of 
tales  and  pnscedents,  have  cndeavooffed 
to  deprechite  his  legal  knowledge.  Be* 
caufe  he  was  capable  of  lookinr  beyond 
their  ftumbling  blocks»  they  nnagined 
that  he  did  not  know  where  they  were 
placed.  With  refpef^  to  th«  latter,  it  it 
worth  Mr.  E/s  while  to  eosfider  whc* 
ther  it  does  not  eftablifli  a  national  claim 
to  reprefentati^n  on  a  much  broailer  bafit 
than  that  to  which,  in  conoart  with  a  !«•> 
fpe^able  kn#t  of  political  charaAert,  be 
has  lately  piedeed  himielf.  It  make*  (as 
all  juft  principle  neceflarily  muft  make) 
perfons  not  property  the  firft  ob)e£k  i 
government,  and  the  hais  of  all  joft  k» 
giAation« 

That,  in  the  hiftorical  reafimtttga  of 
this  diflertation,  Mr.  £<  is  SttMBtJbf  «ar* 
i«6^,  I  have  no  ibrt  of  doubt  |  and  kus 
expofition  of  the  fovroe  of  that  unmerited 
ktolatry  that  has  been  paid  to  Saaoon  ia- 
ftitutions,  is  equally  acute  and  <aadld^ 
If  it  were  not  ifor  the  irequent  dcteftitti 
of  thofie  miferahlt  ihtfta  and  ft>phiftical 
fttbterfugee  to  which  the  advocates  of  U>^ 
berty  are  driven)  when  tbey  w«nt  the 
boldnefs  to  face  firft  principles,  ohc  iboold 
be  really  aftoniAied  Co  hear  tlic  champion 
of  human  rights  ^  loud  in  their  com- 
mendatioiis  of  thoie  fiamms,  ameng^whom 
private  confpiracies  iwnifiied  thcperfosl 
protef^ion  which  -ought  to  have  beat  de- 
rived from  pubitc  juftice  f  and  the  ma6 
of  the  peopk  w^re  held  in  a  wflalage  h 
atijeA  as  that  of  a'  Spartan  helote^  exx 
Weft  India  flate; 

When  I  wjMi  young  in  Inqnhriee  of tJrii 
natuM,  dknd  ftrcd  -with  ^thufiaftn  hj  ^ 
panegyrie  which  i^vcry  "wiieK  ptelenKd 
themielvc«  upon  tlie^  wondeHui  Ssobflh 
who,  in  4he  midft  of  barharifiti  imd  it^BKU 
fttitee,  fi!eihed  to  haveiUrfaiU  hi^pMftii 
c&l  and-fyftemaii^  liberty  al4t)iat-had-<v« 
Idt^  in  the  times  ef  OMtiaa^foMte  end 
phtlo(<>/«hy^  I  mattlrid  ofa  pcrft«^Jwei| 
known  in  Hie  puRtitiit  wof4d  for  the  n4 

gyricti 


v-.:««l^^j6«&r^lrr^^^^  . 


4?ft 


be  ^»  M^.  1*^  ^^w?f^/  ^MWTT  y^t  19 

what  trcalurki&  ^f  kao^Mg^'^.i^'^ft^^ 
^  »fiCfMiPC  «if  cbeit  wnnJei^u  HaiH(;:iir 
Uflot  wat(  to  Ik  foaadi  •  ^bisiniprqiia'; 
liooy  I  oonclu<kd9  |K>  one  coukl  be  fo  abi« 
t0  furoiih  at  himielf ;  and  J  wat  not  ;4^ 
litde  mortified  2i,  fiadinfta)!  gy  inquiiiaf 
fvaiied  or  i!t|)rUed  by  geoend  reflef^ioiM, 
thiit  "  a.  imm  caaoot  have  kaowiodm 
without  laboiiripg  for  it.)'"  that  «  the 
bdl  ws/.to  ^inderdtand  any  fubjefty  was 
lo  read  tyvsy  thing  that  cane  to  handi*^ 
kc,  oUenrattonf  wbich^  however  juft  ji^ 
Ihemielves)  I  have  fince  fovod  reafon  to 
coocinde,  were  artfully  intended  to  get 
rid  of  a  fabjefl  which  that  celebrated  po- 
litician wvU  knew  would  not  ftand  the 
te&  of  perfevering  inquiry.  The  fa£l  ia, 
that,  WAth  relbe£k  to  our  8axon  ahcef^ortj 
^t  littk  authentic  information  has  been 
handed  dowiv  Even  that  little,  however, 
la  enough  to  convince  every  impartial 
reaibnerft  that  the  caufe  of  equal  jpftice 
would  ht  the  very  reverfe  of  being  prp- 
inote4  ^y  ai)i  adoption  of  their  political 
Xjftem«  I^  wu  a  fyftem  of  ufurpation, 
rioknccy  and  opprepion.  And,  indeed, 
how  ihoold  it  have  been  otherwife  ?  The 
£axonsy  like  all  the  German  nations,  de* 
rived  their  plan  of  government  from  that 
lountain  bead  of  fecial  tyranny,  So  finely 
defcribed  by  Tacitus  m  his  *<  M&nt^s  of 
tU  Gnrmamh"'  and,  notwithftandtng  all 
chat  has  b«eu  fo  friM|uently  reiterat^  in 
prai&  of  the  inili  tut  ions  of  thofe  favages, 
Jtbey  were,  in  reality,  nothing  but  a  crude 
haih  of  tyranny  and  licenMpufnefs  \  the 
leading,  prisnciple  in  the  compoittioa  of 
which  was*  that  tin  immy  ^wen  made  fir 
tbtftw*  In  the  wiords  of  Mr*  £•  «  the 
MUt  indeedy  were  free  j  but,  fyr  that  vety 
rt^m^  there  '^^  no  public  libeity*'*.    . 

Hatkmd  J)eH»^^YQm  ^orreipondent 
Goui^Ai  (p*tfts2}  ob^-ves,  that  a  con- 
fidc«ab]tf  part  of  <tihb  taxea  levied  in  any 
country  nuA  necr&rily  be  derivndiroo^ 
the  labouti  .that  la  to  fi.y»  be.  ultimately 
levied  upon  the  labdr«oi>»  poor  of  that 
eoiintify*  J  beiiei^  he  migM  have  goai 
much  further,  and  have» .proved,  that,. nt 
le^fti  till  Ihr  taimtton.  becomef  fix  e^ef- 
£vei  t^t^tth^r  (h^pooi:  ean  b>9  pincM 
tMielofej;»  w9thnu^being:pio<;hedto.aea4»9 
Of  that  :tJw  y«ry  e4r<;^!latipn.  of  fhe«pco^ 
dupcoCkhourist'  (o  a.  cayifiderable  degree 
feftraiiicd  i.  Xhe^laborious  poo^  pay  ftfthf 
^uea  bf«>naftionk.  ^  th^y:p|v^uce.ail| 
Ind  aU:itoiis.p»id'i^  taxeo  i#  ji  pan  of 
^(«ducD)  wUiI«»  (Hk.rhe  .othervfond,;  ^\ 
Imt  (hn  laboMnerJiwre  ^neans.  (t^ll  the  ar- 
f*Taljoi;iti|^'Q,crife»>«of-ibiftii^..t>i  )nu:r 


th^4hW:*^.(^a»Ww^t9•t^fc  Ijen^^ 
If  ,the^i\iftory  of.  the  pfogye^*  of  ^flntr. 
iaoUs^:j$venttes,.and  luKUfiea*  is^onfultir 
ed,  this  will  be  illuitrated  mojl' ftiily. 
This  ftatement  neceijarily  ^r^  ^£^  td 
fome  imppria^t  i<iq]Lur«eSf/^\yhat /right 
could  any  fct  of  mimlieriihave  (orcAUiA 
even  the  whofe  l)bdy  of  jcomwunlty  have) 
to  contra^  what  is  xallej;!  a  nap<^ 
debt?  Can  this,  or  any  other  country 
(meaning  thereby  the  population  oi.  fue^ 
country)*  be  ikid,  in  reaion  and  equity^ 
to  owe  one  fiagle  fhilling  to  any  ie(  ot  .pei;. 
fons  claiming  to  be  public  editors  i  If  I 
burthen  my  edatcwith  det>ts»  it  is  right 
that  my  heir  ihould  pay  then)»  bccauii^ 
if  I  leave  him  my  debts,  I  leave  himpror 
aerty  wlierewith  to  diicharge  (hem }  an4 
ne  is  no  fmther  rei^onilbie  thanmyefV 
fei^ls  will  go  ;  and  if  he  dqos  not  choo/f 
to  be  fubje6i  to  the  trouble  and  infionv^ 
niencies  of  the  tranfadlion,  he,  mfty,  by 
refufing  to  accept  the  eiUt^,  avoid  (be 
incumbrance  of  the  mortage,,  But  the 
roafs  of  the  people  (by  wiium  it  isevU 
dent  the  inteiell  of  what  ai«  called  pvbli^ 
debts  are  eventually  paid)  inherit  neithcf 
eftate  nor  property  from  theic  anceftorai 
why,  then,  ihoukl  their  induftry  be  l>ur«> 
thened  with  their  debu  l  My  cunclufid% 
is,  that  the  property  is  rffponiible,  90^ 
the  people  (for  the  praprietors  have  been 
oarties  to  the  bar^in»  and  the  eftatea 
have  defcended  with  the  mortgages  upos 
them).  The  fund-holder  has  therefore  a 
right  to  forecloie  the  mortgage,  becauie 
thereby  he  enfoi^ceji,  payment  from  liis 
nsal  creditor  t  but  he  has  no  right  to  t«- 
ceive  the  intereft,  as  he  now  does,  becauie 
it  ia  levied- in  taxes  upon  thoie  who-oijm 
^im  nothing* 

Circulftufg  Midutm, — It  is  truly-  aHo^ 
nifliing,  that,  after  fo  much  lus  been  iai4 
upo|)  this  fi4>j«^»  it  %)uld.'he  ib  littfe 
underftood,  «xui  that  men  of  peiietratioM 
and  reflef^ion  (hould  dill  contlnue^tQ  cour- 
found.  togstUer  the  property,  of  a  couati7j 
and  tha  medium  by  means  of  which  that 
property  is  transferred  from  hand  to  ha^idl 
Will ,  it  n^ver  be«  underftood  that  mQaey^ 
^bfither  paper,  or  gold  and  fdver,  iV  <^ 
far  fr9in.  bei^g  the  whole,,  that  iX..}i^^ 
fart  of  the  weaith  oi  a  nation  I  •  that  '.'t  if^ 
in  .reality,,  nothing  but  the  countei*^.  igip 
riigns-  by.  .which  that  Wesdth  is.  deiignaftedp 
as  by  %vces  ajyl  cypliefs  oil  aflatc ;  apd 
that,  as  a  fraall  number  of  the,  latter  a^ 
jfutfkCJent^-Vy  noeans  pf  rcpeaLed  uj[b,  to 
«a(l.i^ipiand^£ettle.  tlic  Jangcft  account  f.  io 
a  iVnall  quantity  of  tlie  fonnery*b|.'i:heaiis 
of  the  ^ithmetic  pC  cki^ulation,  1^  capa^ 
Uej  al^'^  of  paying  tbe^no^  choj-mg^i^ 

debts. 


4» 


Gnuhitng  MtJ&umj^^WaJli  Lamii. 


tffbts,  prenride^  the  ptrty  is  1)Ut  in  pof- 
fHflon  of  propcrtjrto  command  ftich  cir- 
eahtion.  Inaftenrlon  to  this  iiib)e€l  pro* 
ifuccd  one  of  the  ftmdameAtal  errors  in 
FUnc*«t  work  upon  finance — a  pamphlet 
that  rtacf  be  regarded  as  a  phenomenon  m 
the  hemisphere  of  dii^nifion,  inafmoch  as 
it  arrives  at  a  <oncb^^n  %vhicb  is  truth  if-^ 
filff  by  pftmiies,  almoft  every  one  of 
^ich  are  palpably  erroneous.  Having 
cainlated  the  quantity  of  bullion  fup- 
Y^M  to  be  in  the  bank,  be  fuppofes  this 
to  be  the  fum  total  of  the  dividend  it  can 
make  to  its  creditors,  not  confidering  that 
if  it  had  no  other  property  than  the  mo- 
ney in  its  coffers,  banking  muft  always 
have  bfen  a  lofmg  game  j  and  that  if  ^t 
has  foch  other  property,  this  muft  bring 
back  into  thoK  cof&rs  to-morrow,  &c. 
part,  at  leaft,  of  the  money  it  pays  out 
to-day.  Similar  is  the  error  of  your  cor- 
refpoiidentCARACTAC«s(p.i66).  •«  If 
the  national  debt  is  to  be  difcharged, 
tfarou^  what  circulating  medium  mall 
we  difcharge  it  ?  Not  bv  tlic  paper,  large 
as  it  is,  now  in  circulation,  much  lefs 
hy  the  fpecie^  nor,  indeed,  by  both 
united/*  And  why  not?  In  this  very 
pa£!age,  where  he  talks  To  much  about 
rircuTation,  the  writer  forgets  that  any 
lueh  precefs  as  circulation  exifts.  Tlie 
queftion,  in  reality,  ftands  thus :  Is  all 
tile  p^^perty  of  the  nation  equivalent  in 
yaluc  to  the  amount  of  the  national  debt  f 
If  (b,  and  the  proprietors  are  difpoTed  to 
p«y  it,  the  debt  may  be  as  cafily,  though 
iMt  qui  tc  fo  qu  ick  ly,  difcharged , by  a  circ  u- 
fating  medium  of  500I .  as  0/500,000,000 ; 
for  the  medium  muft,  of  neceflitv,.  return 
to  the  ppopritftors  as  often  as  they  want 
it,  titl  the  commoiHties  themfelves  are 
fxhaufted.  The  difficulty  of  difcharging 
the  national' debt,  then,  arifes  from  a  very 
dnfeirht  reafon  iluin  tlie  want  of  a  medium 
uf  e?rch«nge, 

H^<tfte  Lands,  —  Your  eorreljjondent 
AoRicoLA  (p.  169)  fays,  «« There  is  no 
fcmd,  either  in  Scotlan<t  or  England, 
whidi  has  its  furface  at  all  covered  with 
herbage,  that  ougiit  not  to  aflfbrd  at  (eaft 
f  xpenee  an  acre,  in  the  year,  to  the  land- 
\m/^  I  iubmit  the  feliowing  q«ieftions 
<tf  hia  conffderation  :«-*Can  there  be,  in 
■fommon  juftiee  or  common  fenfe,  ahy 
•ibeh  thtng  as  propertv  in  land,  but  that 
^i^bfch  arues  niom  the  improvement  of 
kboHr  and  cultrvatibn  >  fs  it  erpedient 
eitlM^  for<i>AdiViduaH  t>r  the  commdtrfty 
nt  large,  that  one  man  who  Will  n^  adl- 
tivateiheruld  predude  another  who  Wcnkl  i 
^n  iirtlat  prtttfitp,  then,  fhould  atty'hnd- 
ionl  cxali'evett  'fiii^nee  a  year  pc^  ttre 


f^n^aJkUmJtr  Woid^  ?r  iUt he  i  de. 
€rable  thing  that  an  »a  Ihould  be  paflcd, 
that  npcm  all  waAes>  the  cultivauon  of 
which  fhould  not  tt  leaft  be  c$mtnen(ed\if 
a  time  fpecificd^  any  pcribns  ^under  cer- 
tain regulationa  for  prevention  of  ttuAtftl 
loul  contention)  fliould  be  pcrmtlM  to 
take  pofleffioo  of  a  fpeciic  ^uantitjr  C^our 
or  five  acres  for  example^  for  a  given 
number  of  years,  or  for  life,  upon  con* 
dition  of  building  a  cottage,  and  Driilgin|^ 
the  ground  Into  immediate  cultivation  $ 
the  wafte  ground  in  the  paiiih  or  diflriA» 
to  be  let  out  again  in  the  fame  ftnall 
lots  at  moderate  rents,  and  the  pcodncc 
to  tbrm  a  fund  for  the  education  of  the 
children  of  huibandmen,  cottagers,  ice.  f 
This  laft  idea  was  fu^efted  Id  my 
mind  hy  a  circumftance  of^which  I  was 
witnefs  during  a  late  vifit  to  Hereford. 
Walking  on  the  caftle-hill  with  an  inha- 
bitant of  that  city,  he  dinr^ed  mv  atten- 
tion to  one  of  the  neighbouring  hills,  now 
in  a  flate  of  high  cultivatioQ  even  to  the 
fummit,  informing  me  at  the  (km^  time, 
that  when  ^e  eftate  firfb  came  into  pof- 
feflion  of  the  prefent  proprietor,  the  whole 
hill  was  a  perfc6l  wildemefs^  and  that 
the  means  he  had  adopted  to  bring  it  in- 
to its  prefent  fbte,  was  to  build  (evtral 
finall  cottages  at  convenient  diftances, 
and  let  them  out  to  labouring  men,  on 
leafes  of  twelve  or  fourteen  years,  at  venr 
moderate  rems,.  together  with  as  much 
furrounding  land  as  the  cottager  wcuM 
undertake  to  cultivate  By  t)in  means  a 
benefit  has  been  confeiTcd  upon  ievcral 
poor  families  and  upon  the  putilic  \  and  a 
eonfiderable  rtverfionary  property  has  been 
h\  a  manner  created  to  tm  proprietor  and 
his  family.  Among  the  WcUh  moun- 
tains manv  little  patches  are  to  be  met 
with,  that  hate  all  the  appearamce  of  hav- 
ing been  brought  into  cultivation  in  a 
way  not  much  difGmitar :  and  even  at 
this  ittdant,  through  the  branches  of  my 
orchard,  t  perceive  the  finoke  riimg  from 
a  littlt  cottage  on  the  brow  of  one  of 
thofe  rude  eminences  that  otvrphan|  the 
iVye,  in  happy  flluflration  of  m^  Xobjocl. 
The  Venerable  labourer,  whole  .ereniiig's 
mefs  is  now  preparing  >6n  that  Qioi:«  pof- 
feffes  about  ten  or  twelve  acre*  ajnomid  iS« 
humble  filed,  including  his  gnrdic*  an^ 
his  orchard,  which  he  hojids.  under  (hice 
different  lords  of  manors*  for  iEe  term  of 
Ms  wife"*  life,  at  ih«  moderate  qibt  of 
'  feven  fhillings  a  yesir  \6  eitch,  ..Xfeithe 
keeps  his  cow,  auad  hiifou|r  $»r  firc^WRpi 
tfndf  did  keej^  till  vcry'UtflJy,  hisUttle 
TUtgcd  Vr4«i  poney,  o^^ldt  he  rblfle 
tobiilf^* rfi  mortlinj;  &c,"  Buf  the 

Wclft 


On  Parental  ffyr^^n?. 


c4V 


Vf^  cq)|  ^\fA  iibout  ayear  ayo»  wopi 
outDctorclus  maftcrVan4>he  grey-headed 
ruddv-faced  hind  bas  difcoTered  that  be 
cm  do  without  lum.  I  fliall  ju(l.ol)ierve» 
chat  this  allotment  is  too  large  ;  it  is  too 
much  for  the  fpadcj  and  not  enough  fdr  a 
plough  \  and  the  tmaat  lacks  inducement 
Co  bring  even  the  half  of  it  into  proper 
cultivation,  which  is  a  lofs.to  the  com- 
muttitVy  and  no  advantage  to  him.  The 
part,  however,  which  he  has  cultivated» 
and  the  barrennefs  of  the  hill  around*  iiig- 
geft  much  better  plans  for  the  improve- 
ment of  our  waftes,  than  any  that  the 
board  of  agricttlture,  or  our  vi;tuovs 
houfe  of  commons  is  likely  to  attempt. 
May  19*  1798-  ••• 

T9  the  Editor  of  the  Mimtbfy  Magasdnt. 

SIR., 

PARENTAL  tyranny  has  been  the 
theme  of  every  novelift,  dramatift, 
and  moralifty  in  every  country,  and  in 
every  age  |    and  there  U  much  realbn  to 
fear  that  the  t6pic  is  inexhaudible.     But 
theie  inftru^rs  of   mankind  have  too 
long  purfued  one  beaten  track  \   and|  in 
the  prefent  Hate  of  refinement,  their  cen- 
fures,  however  juft,  are  generally  miiap- 
plied.     Parents  arc  reprefentcd  by  them 
as  har/h  and  forbidding,  deftitute  of  feel- 
ing and  affe5lion ;  and  there  aie  fuch  to 
be  found ;  but  it  is  not  by  parents  of  this 
defcription    that  children    are    rendered 
moft  wretched.    There  exifts  m  the  hu- 
m:m  mind  a  natural  elafticity  that  will 
'  not  permit  it  to  fink  under  oppreffion  \ 
%nd  where  one  falls  a  vl£lim  to  parental 
t)'ranny;  hundreds  are  immolated  at  the 
(hrine>  of  t>areiital  love.     This  may  ap- 
pear paradoxical  without  being  the  lefs 
true.    Early  in  life  I  was  impreiTed  with 
the  fad:,  and  time  and  obfervation  have 
only  confirm^  me  in  the  opinion.  With- 
out ^entering  into  any  roctaphyficai  dif- 
ing  the  principle  of  be- 


that  moromt  ever^i  obligitJPivxeaies.    ^ 
is  a  common  obiervation^  that,  while  miCfi 
have  made  confciBon  of  every  ottwr  viqe 
and  crime,  none  have  ever  acknowledge 
that  of  ingiatiiude.     What  i*  the  pif- 
fumption  of  this }   What  is  it  that  14- 
fpire«  gratitude  in. another^    Not  that 
certainly  in  which  my  own  gratification 
or  intcrcft  is  conluited.    And  is  it  iM^t 
the  moil  plcafio^  iutereft  of  thit  parent  $d 
mark  the  openuag  beauties,  and  cheriih 
the rifing. virtues;  to  decorate  the  periibs, 
and  adorn  the  mind  of  the  child  I  So  far 
the  pleafures  and  interefts  of  both  arc  the 
fame,  and  fo  far  all  goes  well.    But  the 
time  arrives  when  the  choice  of  a  partner 
for  life  is  to  be  made.     In  every  country 
there    is    fome  criterion  by  which    the 
choice  of  a  partner  ia  detumincd :  whfc 
that  criterion  In  this,  counuy  is,   aooe 
need  to  be  told :  the  English  can  finileat 
the  prejudices  of  other  nations  4— -we  are, 
forfooth,  phtlofophers ;    while,    in  fiii^, 
we  only  purl'ue  the  fame  phaotoin.s  by  a 
diftin£\  road.    It  ofien  happens,  that  the 
views  and  inclinations  of  the  parent  4nd 
<hild  coincide  j   butt  frona  caufc^  unqe- 
ceflary  fo  expatiate  upon,    it  yet  oftcn^ 
happens  that  they  arc  opposed.     Mere, 
then,  for  th^  firft  time,  inclination  la  to 
be  facrificed.     On  tlie  one  fide,  it  is  «i|i- 
crifice  of  vanity  and  ambition :    on  the 
other,  of  happinefs.    How  uneou^l  is  the 
compariibn!  Yet  the  latter  ii^that  wkjl^ 
is  genarally  made ;   the  piarent  expc^  if ; 
for  the  world  approves  I  But  to  whom  ia 
It  made  ?   Not  to  the  tyrannical  and  over- 
beaiing  paient  \  fuch  aie  difobeyedi  and 
the  dilobedience  and  ii^nuiuuk  of  chil- 
dren is  rung  in  our  ears*    No|   it  ii 
naadcto  the  parent  of  fenle  and  ienfibiltty,  • 
who  tenderly  loves,.  And  is  in  return  ten- 
derly beloved.    The  mind  of  the  child 
ihrinks  from   tlie   idea  of  opnofuig  the 


^  ^  .   ^  wifltes  of  fuch  a  parent  s  and  toe  i^eia 

quifitiotts  concerning  the  principle  of  be-  clothed  with  finile^  while  the  heart  is  a 

nevolence,  it  muft  be  admitted  j  that  of  prey  to  anguilh,  till  the  Secret  iighsad 

all  thecharIti^,nonebear  aclol^raiHnity  fiknt  tear  undeonine   the  healthy   and 

to  fdf-love  than  parental  affc6lion.  fvery  hope,  and  joy,  and  love,  and  U^  ire 

acc^mplifliment,  every  acquirement,  ev^ry  ,  buri^  in  one  common  ruin.    Nor  doeatit 

thing  ^mmetidable  in  the  child, .  reflets  follow  that  the  pawnt  ia  .haujftod  >  by  «e. 

crejfit'on  the  psii-cnt  j  ind  what  are  com-  raoiie,  even  when  haagmg  over  the  deatii« 

inonly  denominated,  the  ii^ccflant  cares,  bed  of  a  murdei^  chudf    JFor  the  fioo^- 


the  watAfbl'ter^erneft',  and  the  pain&il 

^anxietltt  of  tHe  parent,  are  a^s  as  purely 

feifiih  ai  t!ttt  which  gave  being  to  the 

'  ^^*l^*  ^  *Wh»l^  there  is  not  a  more  general 

topic  if  eomplai;it  th^d  the  Inffratltude  . 

^f  cKhdm,  \t  ma\r  be  (airly  Jifputqd, 

^fhether  (\fch  a  b*mg  A^  an  ihgrate  ever 

;  ttlfted.  •  'Pof-'  when,   tha^   W^  dt-rajn^ed 

. .^hiA ihi oiilfb(?.voIuiitarjly given,  fiom 

P 


lation  remains,  that  no  <are  haa  .bapn 
wanting*  no  ej^penccf pared ;  or^  (hottld 
the  dregful  thought  intnidf  ,,it  is  ^mkliJ 
dilca^'dcd  by  the  recQllodiapa  thj^t  tfalry 
have  .ever  be«n  kind  and  iodulgenti-^^ 
eyery,thii^  i^di^gentg-^aad  fondly  ee* 
oogniled  as  fuch  by  tjhc  expiring  objeft  { 
^.ponly  OIK  fac|-ifice  wa^  ever  icaMJivd. 
'  •^Txue, /d)flud«d  pa^en^  Uiie>   out  in 

that 


4ta .  Ztmmermann.^^Amftiriam  tiot^  ifCfrreffion. 


iftat  one  every  other  wu  istloded.  When 
luppiaefii  U  ilcdt  what  remains  bttc  that 
life  fvhich  wtll  foon  ceafe  to  be  a  burden  ? 
Such,  ir»  are  the  rH!e6^ions  I  have  hv- 
futntiy  had  occafion  to  make ;  and  thcie 
have  now  ariien  firom  reading,  in  an  ac- 
count of  the  literary  writings  of  the  cele- 
brated Zinniiermaaii,  an  txtnSi  fi'om  an 
Eflayon  Solitude,  exhibited,  no  doubt, 
for  the  purpofe  of  producini^  a  very  dif- 
ftrent  efea.  Snnkin^  or  a  l>eloved 
daughter,  who  died  within  two  years 
after  bis  removal  tb  Hanover,  the  Do^or 
fty«i  **  Diffident  of  her  own  powers,  ibe 
lifteMd  to  the  precepts  of  a  fond  parent. «- 
She  had  been  the  mbmillive  victim  of  ill 
health  from  her  earlieft  infancy;  her  ap* 
petite  was  afanoft  gone  when  we  left  Swit- 
IKrland,  a  refidence  which  (he  quitted 
with  her  nfnal  IWcetnefs  of  tcniper,  and 
without  difcov^ring  the  fmalleft  regret, 
although  a  young  man,  as  handfome  in 
his  perfon  as  he  was  amiable  in  the  Qua- 
lities of  his  mind,  the  ohjt&,  of  her  nrfl, 
ttf  her  only  aSeflion,  a  few  weeks  after- 
wards put  an  end  to  his  exiftence  in  de- 
ipair.**  It  is  unnecefTary  fo  fay  in  what 
light  this  ftruck  me. 

That  Zimmermann  was  a  man  of  fine 
feeling  and  poignant  fenfibility,  and  that 
he  tenderly  lovH  his  daughter,  cannot  be 
ifoubted ;  but  it  is  known  to  all  Europe, 
that  he  was  alfo  vain  and  ambitious ;  and 
cxcepti  Mr.  Editor,  fome  of  your  cor- 
rcfpondeats,  whole  information  may 
enable  them,  will  take  the  trouble  to  in- 
ftni£l  me  better,  I  ihall  continue  to  be- 
lieve that  this  beloved  daughter  and  ami- 
able young  man,  weir  facrificed  to  the 
vanity. and  ambition  of  Ziaunermann. 

May  9th,  1797.  O. 

T0  th  £Jk9r  of  the  Montblj  MagaztSK, 

SIR, 

SEEING  in  your  laft  half-yearly  Sap- 
plement,  a  defcription  of  the  Marine 
School  at  Amfterdam,  extra^ed  from  the 
MS.  journal  of  the  travels  of  M. 
Thouin,  into  Belgium  and  Holland.  I 
am  induced  to  hope  that  the  tbllowing 
account  of  the  houle  of  corrcAion  at 
Amfterdam-  drawn  from  the  fame  fource, 
will  prove  equally  acceptable  to  your 
ftaders. 

The  Amfterdam  houie  of  correflion  is, 
from  the  employment  of  the  prtibners  con- 
fined in  it,  called  the  Rapjbuys  (Rai'ping- 
Houfe),  and  is  deftined  to  the  reception 
of  fuch  malefactors,  chiefly  thieves, 
whoie  crimes  do  not  amount  to  a  capital 
offence.  Their  punifhment  cannot  fo 
properly  be  denominated  folitary  confiae- 


ment  as  a  fequeftration  from  loeiefy  ddr* 
ing  a  limited  term  of  yeart.  Thebuild- 
iug  is  (ituated  in  a  part  of  the  fuburbs  to 
the  north  eaft  of  the  city.  The  cacrior 
has  nothing  remarkable,  neither  with 
refjpe^  to  form  or  extent.  It  is  deuched 
from  the  ftreet  by  a  fpacions  court, 
which  contains  the  keeper's  lodge,  toge- 
ther with  apartments  for  the  different 
fervants  belonging  to  the  eftablifhment« 
Over  the  gate,  which  opens  from  this 
court  into  the  prifon,  are  placed  two 
ftatues,  as  large  as  life,  representing  two 
men  in  the  aft  of  fawing  a  piece  ot  log- 
wood. 

The  inner  court  is  in  the  form  of  a 
fquarc,  round  which  ai'e  arranged  the 
apartments  of  the  prifoners,  together 
with  the  nccelTary  warehculcs.  One  part 
of  the  ground  ftory  is  dividi:d  into  differ- 
ent chambers  5  the  other  fei-vcs  as  a  dip^ 
for  the  logwood,  and  the  implements  em- 
ployed in  its  preparation* 

The  keeper,  whofe  countenance,  con- 
trary to  the  general  cuftom  of  perfons  of 
his  profeflion,  was  fbongly  indicative  of 
mbanity  and  gentlenefs,  mtroducrd  M. 
Thouin  into  an  apartment  where  two 

Iirifoners  were  at  work  in  fawing  a  large 
og  of  Campeachy  wood.  The  faw  is 
compofed  of^four  blades,  joined  together, 
with  very  ftrong,  large  and  iharp  teeth, 
which  make  a  IcifTure  in  the  wood  of 
nearly  two  inches  in  breadth.  The  ope- 
ration is  repeated,  till  the  pieces  hcc<xae 
too  fmall  to  undergo  the  faw,  when  they 
ai*e  gi'ound  in  mills  peculiarly  conftro^cd 
for  this  purpofe. 

This  employment  requires  an  extraor- 
dinary exertion  of  itrengtK,  and  is,  at  firft, 
a  fevere  penance  even  to  robuft  peribni : 
but  habit,  addreR,  and  pi-a^icc,  foon 
render  it  eafy ;  and  the  prifoners,  in  a 
fhort  time,  become  competent  to  fumifh, 
without  painful  exertion,  their  weekly 
contingent  of  loolb.  weight  of  fawed 
pieces.  After  completing  wis  taik,  they 
even  find  time  to  tabrlcaic  a  variety  <tf 
little  articles  in  wood  and  fbaw»  which 
they  fell  to  thofe  who  vifit  the  prilbo,  or 
difpofe  of,  by  means  of  agents*  in  the 
town. 

M.  TH0t7iK  next  mfpeaed  thcte 
apartments  of  different  dimenfiooa,  which 
opened  into  the  iimer  court.  The  ooe 
was  inhabited  by  fmtr,  the  iecond  by  fix, 
and  the  third  by  ten  prilbocra.  The 
furniture  of  the  rooms  conlifted  in  ham^ 
mocks,  with  a  matrals,  a  blanket*  and  t 
coverlid  to  each,  tables,  chain,  and  ftools, 
glafs,  &c.  earthy  vf&ls,  affid  varioiu 
other  article  of  conrcfllettce.      Every 

thing 


'Amfterdam  Hcuft  ofCorre£fiw* 


CcLitig  In  thefe'^ftjiBrtmentrr'M^  diftin* 
guUned  ^y  neatnefs  and  propriety,  and 
notwithlfattiding 'the  number  of  in}iabit-> 
afitfi  allotted  to  each«  was  fully  adequate 
to  the  dinutoiiDnt  of  the  rooms  ;  the  ienies 
were  not  offended  with  any  difagreeable 
fcent,  and  the  air  was  in  every  refpe^l  as 
pure  and  wholefome  as  the  iurrounding 
atmofphere. 

In  an  pbfcure  part  of  thr  building  are 
a  number  of  cells,  in  which,  formerly, 
thofe  priibners  who  revolted  againll  the 
proper  fubordination  of  the  place,' or  ill'-- 
treated  their  comrades,  were  confined  for 
a  few  days.  But  the  keeper  aflfured  M. 
Thouin,  that  thcfe  cells  had  not  been 
made  ufe  of  for  upwards  of  lo  years. 
They  are  dark,  gloomy  dungeons,  with 
only  a  fmall  aperture  for  the  admi^on  of 
light  and  air.  The  fupprelTion  of  this 
barbarous  and  coercive  punifliment  does 
honour  to  the  humanity  of  government. 

The  ftore-rooms  are  filled  with  various 
kinds  of  wood  for  the  purpofes  of  dying ; 
as  the  Haemotoxylum  CampHbianum,  the 
Mwus  Tlnlloria,  the  Caefalpima  Sappan^ 
&c.  Tbey  are  all  exotics,  with  the  tx- 
ccption  of  the  E'vortymus  Europ^etis,  The 
warehoufes  were  not  of  fulficient. extent 
to  contain  the  quantity  of  wood*  which 
veit  depofited  in  piles  in  different  parts  of 
the  court. 

The  priibners,  amounting  to  76  in 
number,  were  uniformly  habited  in  coarfe 
Woollens  $  wear  very  good  dockings, 
large  leather  flioes,  white  ihirts,  and  caps 
or  hats.  They  are^  by  the  rules  of  the 
houie,  obli6;ed  to  frequent  abhitions, 
which  greaitTy  contribute  to  the  preferva- 
tion  of  their  health.  There  w^  only  one 
iick  perfon  amongft  them :  and,  what  is 
not  a  little  remarkable,  almoft  all  the  pri- 
foners  had  fonnerly  lived  in  large  com- 
roercial  towns  ;  very  few  villagers  were 
•moagil  them.  They  had  all  been  fen- 
tencod  to  imprifbnment  for  theft;  but  it 
depends  upon  themfelves,  by  refwmation 
and  good  behaviour,  to  Ihortcn  the  term\ 
•f  their  confinement,  which  many  of  them 
frequently  do.  . 

The  keeper,  whole  humanity  towards 
tbe  unfiartunate  perfons  committed  to  his 
w,  entitles  him  rather  to  the  title  of 
thcu-  prbte^lor  than  their  gaolei*  (ami 
M*XHaiH».infoi'ms  iisytlut  the  pri- 
loners  generally' called  him  by  Jio  other 
»«nc  tfian  father),  alEftji  them,  with  hl< 
counfeli  and  fricadfy.  admonition?.  He 
'c^ifters/ every  weelc,  In,  a  book  appro- 
priated to  thi«  pwqjoie^  troth  the  in ftances  . 
0*  .gODd^ and  bad  behwrloufi  w&»ch  is. 
^MdJX)  fubmitted  to*  the  ««mihatiou  of- 


.4^3 

the  magiAracyrwhflr,'  from  this  report* 
abridge  or  prolong  the  term  of  confine- 
ment,  according  to  the  dejgree  of  hidulg^; 
eace  which  each  priibner  appears  to 
merit.  Cafes  frequently  happen  where 
a  malefa^or,  condemned,  to^m  'mnprlttosk^ 
ment  of  eight  years,  by  his  good  beha-. 
viour  procures  his  enlargttnent^  at  the- 
expiration  of  four ;  and  fo,  in  proportion, 
tor  a  ihorter  term.  But  great.  aUdnti^n' 
is  paid  to  difcriminate  between  a&wd« 
reform  and  hypocritical  artifice. 

The  reward  of  good  behaviour  is  not, 
however,  confined  to,  or  withheld  till,  the 
period  of  aftual  liberation.   Their  rcltor-J- 
ation  to  fociety  is  preceded  by  a  progref. '  • 
five   amelioration   of    their  lot.     Thd£ 
work  is  gradually  rendered  lefs  liborious, 
.  they    are     accommodated     with    iepa« 
rate  apartments,   and  employed  in  the, 
ferviccs  of    doineftic  ceconomy.      The* 
keeper  even  entrufls  them  with  commif* 
fions  beyond  the  precinds  of  the  prilbn, 
'  and  fcarce  a  fingle  inftance  has  occurred 
of  their  abufing  this  indulgence.      By  , 
this  prudent'manapement,*.  a  cocfiderable. 
faving  is  effe6Ud  m  the  expence  of  the- 
eftabliihment,   at  the  fame  time  that  it 
tends  to  wear  away  prejudice,  and  to  ini- 
tiate the  prifbners  by  gradual  advances 
into  the  reciprocal  duties  of  focial  life. 

M.  Thouin  made  particular  inquiries 
whether   it  was    ci^omary  for  perfons 
after  their  difcharge,  to  •  b^  Confined  a 
fecond  and  third  time,  as  is  but  too  often 
the  cafe  in  many  countries,  for  a  repeti* 
tion  of  their  offence.     He  was  informed, 
that  fuch  inftances  veiy  rarely  occur  f 
but  the  cafe  is  not  without  prece<lcnt,  as 
he  oblervcd  in  the  perfon  of  a  young  Jew, 
who  was  then    in  the  Rnjpbuys  for  thtf 
third  time.   .  The  cafe  of  this   man   is 
fomewhat    extraordinary.      During  the 
period  of  liis  detention,  he  always  con- 
forms, with  the  moil  fcrupulous  obferv* 
ance,  to  the  rules  of  the  place,  and  gives 
general    fatisfaiftion    by  his  exemplary 
condu^>     But  iuch,  as  he  himfelf  avow- 
ed to  our  traveller.  i%  his  conflitutionai 
propenfity  to  tlveving,  that  no  ibo&er  is  - 
the  term  of  his  imprifonment  elapfed, 
than  he  returns  with  redoubltd  ardour  ta 
his  law  lei's  courfes.     It  is  not  \o  much  . 
for  the  fake  of  plunder,  as  to  gratify  his 
irrefiftibk  impuUc^  that  he  follows  tliis  . 
vicious  life;    aild  M.  Thouin'  add*,  . 
that  he  recounte<l  his  different  e)mloits 
withns  much  exultation  and  triumph*  as  ~< 
a  tieteran  difplaya  when  rthearfing  hit 
warlike  atchievenvnts.     \  ]    ^ 

Another  falutary  regulatioji  in  thli  »• 
ftitilt-ionj  tn?m   which. the  btft   conie** 

at  ^  '     .        .  ^uctiCfs 


r*  ■  7-.^    •. 


Mifiokt  of  Mr.  Ctxt  ctert9ed. 


4H 

ifneooei  rtfidt*  U  tlK  indulgence  granted 
to  the  prifoncrs  of  receiving  the  rifits  of 
their  wives  and  miftr^fles  twice  every 
week.  Proper  care,  however,  is  taken 
to  guard  agaiiift  the  introdnflion  of  dlf- 
eafe;  and  the  ladies,  in  one  fenfe,  pur- 
chafe  their  admlfiion,  by  giving  a  trifling 
fum  of  money  at  the  gate,  which  becomes 
the  jperquiute  of  the  aged  prifoners, 
whoie  wants  are  of  a  different  nature 
from  their  youthful  comrades.  Thus  the 
pleafures  of  one  claiii  contribute  to  the 
comforts  of  the  other ;  and  the  entrance 
money,  trifling  as  it  is,  keeps  away  a 
crowd  of  idle  vagabonds,  who  have  no 
acquaintance  with  the  priibners.  The 
ladies,  at  their  viiits,  are  permitted'  to 
eat  and  drink  with  their  lovers,,  and 
when  the  converfation  becomes  too  ani- 
mated for  a  third  perfon  to  be  preAnt/ 
the  reft  of  the  company  obligingly  take 
the  hint,  and  leave  them  to  enjoy  a  tete- 
a-Ute. — By  this  prudent  regulation, 
many  hurtful  confequences  attendant  on 
9t  total  feclufion  from  female  fociety,  are 
guanJcd  againft. 

NL  Thouin  concludes  his  account 
with'obferving,  that  the  Rafitu^s  it  Am« 
fterdam  beai-s  a  greater  relemblance  to  a 
'  well  ordered  manufactory,  than  to  a  pri- 
fon.  It  were  to  be  wiihed,  that  aU 
fimilar  inftitutions  were  conduced  upon 
aiimilar  plan. 


Td  tht  EStor  of  the  Monthly  Magmdm. 

SIA, 

THE  books  of  travels,  tec.  publiihed 
by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Cox£,  contain 
much  amuiing  and  ufeful  information; 
I  was,  therefore,  not  a  little,  vexed  and 
difap{>ointcd,  the  other  day»  to  find,  in 
the  fifth  volume  of  his  traveU,  one  of  the 
moft  egregious  bhindns  in  hiftorical  and 
claflical  knowledge,  whiih  have  ever 
fallen  under  my  notice.  Since  the  blun- 
der Is  (q  remarkable,  and  the  bgok  fo 
popular,  you  will,  perhaps,  deem  my 
corndioH  not  4mworthy  of  a  place  in  your 
excellent  Magazine,  which  has  the  de- 
fcrved  good  foitunc  to  be,  at  prefent,  in 
the  moft  eminent  degree,  the  publka  tura 
of  all  perfons  of  literary  or  Icicntiiic  cu- 
rioGtv. 

The  following  in(rripttoa  is  copied  by 
Mr.  CoX£  from  a  moiuimental  obelilk 
which  was  ere£led  in  honour  of  Count 
Bemftorff  of  Denmark,  afti-r  his  dee caie, 
by  the  pealantry  upon  his  eftates : 

«•  P.is  TKanibut  Jab,  lUnviu  Einffiiy  qu} 
arw,  Jif.'VtJ,  btrfJuariay  lurgunaa^  indvftriam, 


This  inicriptioii  tt>  by  Mr.  Corif 

thtu  tranflatcd : 

**  To  the  aftcdionate  memorf  of  Joha 
Hartvic  Erneft,  Count  of  BemftotAT,  who, 
in  1767,  rendered  free  his  hereditary  efbto, 
and  thereby  imparted  tnduftry,  wealth, 
every  UeiHng,  as  an  example  to  pofterity/* 

From  the  context,  it  a.ppeacs,  dkat  Mr. 
CoxE  underfland^  the  peafants  on  the 
Bemftorff  eftatcv  to  have  been,  till  the 
year  i767>  in  that  abjeA  ftate  of  feudal 
villainage,  in  which  the  peafantir  of 
Britain  remained  from  the  xra  of^  the 
Norman  conqueft,  nearly  till  that  of  the 
teformatioo  of  leli^ion. 

But,  the  ftate  ot  the  peaiantry  in  Den- 
mark never  was  fuch  as  Mr.  CoXE  con- 
ceives it  to  have  been.  The  peafants  of 
Denmark,  Sweden,  and  Norway,  have 
ever  been  in.  a  condition  refembliag  rather 
that  of  the  Anglor  Saxon  Ceorlts,  than 
that  of  the  villains  of  France,  and  c^ 
Britain,  after  the  liorman  conqueft. 
They  were,  from  times  the  mott  remote, 
accounted  one  of  the  legi dative  eftates  of 
the  kingdom-^poflefling  peculiar  pri- 
vileges. Any  one  who  takes  Hie  trouble 
of  looking  into  **  Mohrfwarih^t  Acc9ud 
qf  Denmarkf'*  will  at  once  perceive  the 
Danifh  peafantry  to  have  been,  even  be- 
fore the  great  change  which  was  accom- 
plifhcd  in  their  government  about  die 
year  1660,  in  a  fituation  much  more  re- 
fpcflable  than  that  of  mere  feudal  vil- 
lainage.  From  that  sera  they  obtahied 
new  immunities  and  new  honours,  the 
reward*  of  their  fcrvices  to  t\^  crown  in 
a-ufhing  the  ariftocrucy.  The  very  tenor 
of  Mr.  GoXE*s  own  account  fufficiently 
confiiTns  what  is  htrt  flated;  while  it 
contradit^s  what  he  himfelf  fccms,  ia 
other  infbinces,  to  infinuate  \  and  fhcvs, 
I  fear,  that  he  has  i^ot  very  well  mdir- 
flood  the  compilation  which  he  has  rikcd 
together  concerning  Denmark  and  the 
^  other  northern  governments. 

The  lenfe  of  the  above  infcriptioD, 
when  truly  interpreted,  accorvU  with  this 
genei-al  ftatement :  ifrva  difcretm^  imma- 
nia,  bereiBtaria  lar^ndo,  Whst  man 
of  common  underftanding,  who  pofTciJed 
any  fmall  knowledge  of  ^e  Latin  lan- 
guage, would  ever  think  of  tranfiaciog 
thefe  words,  as  Mr  Cox£  has  dose, 
"  rendered  finee  his  hereditary  ^te*?" 
In  truth.  Count  Bemftorff  only  •*  abo- 
liflied,  on  his  eftates,  the  pni^icc  of  ac- 
cepting  the  p^rfonai  fervices  of  the  pea- 
fants as  a  part  of  the  rents  for  their  fimi 
—gave  perpetual  leafes  fo  tenants  whs 
had,  before,  held  their  potlefliuns  with- 
out Icale,  and  had  been  remaveabk  at 

tb« 


'jlnfiver  U  S.  M.  en  Orthography. 


A^ 


the  IindJord*s  pleafure — divided  into 
fepante  farmv  trails  of  ground  which 
had  been,  before,  poflefled  as  commons/* 
—This  is  the  obvious  import  of  the 
priocioal  daafe  of  the  infcription.  Thus 
understood,  what  the  inscription  relates, 
is  perfe^ly  confident  with  the  truth  of 
hiftory.  According  to  Mr.  CoXE*s 
trandation  and  commentary,  it  has  no 
meaning  that  is  not  falftr. 

It  is  enough  for  me  to  have  thus  cor- 
re^ed  the  principal  error  m  our  inftruc- 
tive  traveller's  account  of  that  particular 
in  the  Dani/h  hiftory.  Every  reader  will 
perceive,'  that  there  is  yet  more  to  be 
conedled  in   the    tranflated  infcription. 

I  am,  fir,  yours,  &c. 
£^«,  Jlforrit  15,  1798.       Arcticus. 

To  the  Editor  of  tbe  Montblj  Magazine, 

ALTHOUGH  you  feldom  permit 
your  in(tru6live  and  agreeable  pages 
to  i>c  the  vehicles  of  conti*over fy,  yet,  I 
have  perfuaded  myfcif,  that  you  will  not 
refufe  a  place  to  the  following  remarks, 
in  fupport  of  my  former  letter  on  the  fub- 
jec^  of  (pelling.  The  importance  of  or- 
thography to  the  caufe  of  literature  in 
general,  is  a  fufHcient  excufe  for  the  pre- 
Icnt  difcuflion.  Perhaps  I  may  not  throw 
much  new  light  on  the  fubjeft,  but  I  ihall 
be  fully  fatisfied,  if  I  am  the  means  of 
drawing  forth  the  thoughts  of  thofc  who 
have  coniidered  it  with  more  attention  and 
ingenuity.  I  confef*  I  ftiU  perfevere  in 
my  former  opinion,  "  that  an  alteration 
in  our  mode  of  (pelling  would  be  preju- 
dicial to  the  Englifli  language."  S.  M'. 
(vol.  4.  p.  89.)  aflferts,  that  "  etymo- 
logy, though  an'amufing,  is  by  no  means 
a  neceffary^udy  j"  and  that  it  is  full  as 
Hktly  to  roiflead,  as  to  aiTift,  in  the  dif- 
covcry  of  the  meaning  of  words.'*  Now 
I  cannot  allow  either  of  thefe  pofitions  to 
be  true.  To  fay  that  etymology  is  not  a 
neceffary  itudy,  is  tantamount  to  denying 
the  neceffity  of  ftudying  grammar.  For 
etymology  is  of  as  much  value  and  ufe  as 
any  other  part  of  granmiatical  knowledge. 
Indeed  the  clearnefs  of  their  deHvations 
is  the  chkf  beauty  in  the  lang\iage  of  the 
Greeks.  Without  the  clue  of  etymology, 
language  would  refemble  a  vaft  labyrinth, 
in  which  we  fhould  be  perpetually  con- 
fiifed  and  bewildered.  But  S«  M.  aflferts 
that  "  it  is  full  as  likely  to  rtiiflead  as  to 
■flift,  in  thcdifcovery  ofwords."  Since 
all  words  are  liable,  from  time  and  ca- 
price, to  be  changed  in  their  fignifica- 
tion,  it  rauft  happen,  that  etymology  witt 
«ot  always  hf  aoTnialUble  guide»    This 


would  be  too  much  to  expefl.  Nothing 
human  has  ever  yet  been  perfcft.  But 
that  it  is  full  as  likely  to  midead  as  to 
aflifti  I  can  by  no  means  allow.'  Al- 
though, in  fome  words,  the  meaning  is 
not  ftriftly  that  which  mi^ht  have  been 
expelled  from  the  fignification  of  the  root, 
yet  there  are  very  few,  that  do  not  bear 
Tome  analogy  to  the  original  theme*.  But 
fays  S.  M.  "  The  new  mode  of  fpelling 
will  not  deftroy  etymology.''  And  to 
prove  this,  he  affirms,  that  although  in 
mamr  lane^uages,  the  fpelling  has  been 
contfjerably  altered,  in  none  has  the  ety- 
mology been  deftroyed.  Now,  it  dots  not 
appear,  that  the  altcraticm  which  he  men- 
tions to  have  taken  place  in  other  lan- 
guages, was  with  a  view  of  making  the 
orthography  agree  with,  the  pronuncia- 
tion. But  it  was  the  refult  of  ta/hion  and 
caprice;  and  therefore  it  is  probable, 
that  many  have  been  altered  fo  as  to  be- 
come more  like  the  words  from  which 
they  arc  derived.  The  effefls,  therefore, 
of  fuch  a  change,  which  is  partial  in  its 
extent,  and  uncertain  in  its  influence,  do, 
by  no  means,  ref<^ble  the  confequences 
oi  the  fyftematic  correftion,  which  is  noW 
propofed.  Becaule  a  few  words,  in  a 
long  comfe  of  time,  and  from  various 
caufes,  have  been  altered  in  their  fpelling, 
and  no  deitftidlion  of  etymology  has  en- 
fued,  does  it  thence  follow,  that  a  whole 
language  can  have  its  orthography  ac- 
commodated to  the  prevailing  mode  of 
pronunciation,  with  no  more  conCequences 
than  in  the.  former  inftance?  Certainty' 
not*  The  two  cafes  are  widely  different. 
In  the  latter,  the  operation  would  be 
much  more  extenlive  and  violent,  and,  I 
am  afraid,  fatal  to  etynwlogv :  which  is 
not  a  bugbear  (as  reprefentwi  by  S.  M.), 
but  a  juit  and  powerlul  objeSion.  Your 
correfpondent  thinks,  that  if  by  a  new 
fyftem  of  orthography,  wc  ihpuld  be  de- 
prived of  the  means  of  tracing  the  deriva* 

•  Your  correfpondent  has  been  vnlacky  in 
his  clioicc  o{  inftances  j  for  of  thofc  which 
he  produces,  only  the  two  laft  are  in  point. 
The  meaning  of  the  firft  does  not  widely  dif- 
fer from  that  of  its  ro<Jt }  for,  ought  not  a 
phyficianto  be  a^  natural  phtlofopher?  In 
the  fecond  example,  although  patient  in 
Frtnch,  docs  noc  mean  prccifely  the  fame  as 
patient  in  EngliA*  yet  they  both  prefcrve 
fa  much  of  the  theme,  as  to  denote  a  fuffcrer. 
Journey  is  related  tb  joumcc,  fince  it  origi- 
nally fignified,  '*  as  much  as  could  be  tra- 
veiled  in  one  day."  Plate,  from  plat,  a  diih, 
varies  only  fo  far  in  its  fignification,  that  by 
««  di/h,^  wc  mean  the  fame  kind  of  uunfil 
ar  a  plate,  bu(  fomewhat  brgcr. 

3 1  a  tioil 


426       Chora  ffer  of  a  Tradefman  defende4  again/I  Mr.  Godwin* 


tion  of  wordsr,  yet  the  x>l()  books  would 
prel'crve  ail  necdTary  infomration  on  that 
fubjeft.  But,  is  it  not  to  be  feared  that 
they  would  foon  become  obfolcte,  and  be 
unintelligible  without  great  labour  and 
application  ?  Who  would  not  oppofe  any 
plan  for  a  mode  of  fpelling/  that  would 
be  the,  means  of  configninc  to  oblivion 
the  works  of  our  bcft  authors  ^  Who, 
that  has  the  leaft  regard  far  literature, 
would  not  ftrugglc  with  all  his  ftrcnjth 
againft  htm,  who,  with  ralh  and  bar- 
barous  hand,  would  plunge  into  darkneis 
and  difficulty,  Dfydcn  and  Pope,  Addi- 
fbnandBolingbroJtc?  S.  M.  fays,  "If 
we  are  not  agreed  upon  our  pronuncia- 
tion, the  fndnz  of  it  by  an  exail  ortbo- 
S-aphy  is  a  dehrable  objeft.^  Be  it  Jo. 
ut  let  us  confider  the  price  we  are  to 
to  pay  for  this  defirable  objeft.  We  are 
to  give  up  no  Itfs  than  the  means  of  dif- 
covtringtbe  derivation  of  wArds.  This 
would  be  too  much,  if  the  defign  fiiould 
fucceed  in  its  fulleft  extent.  Who  then 
would  pay  this  price,  'when  it  it  manifdl 
that  it  can  fucceed  only  in  part  ?— I  am 
afraid,  ^r,  that  I  have  exceeded  tlie  limits 
which  ought  to  confine  me :  I  will,  there- 
fore, fay  a  word  on  S.  M.'s  laft  obferva- 
tioHj  and  conclude.  I  did  not  uree 
•*  That  we  underftand  each  other  fuffici- 
ently  for  all  the  purpofc**  of  common 
life,*'  as  abfolutelv  conclufive.  What  I 
meant,  is  this :  that  the  inequality  be- 
tween the  ncceflity  of  alteration,  and  the 
facrtfices  that  muft  be  made,  if  it  take 
place,  is  fo  great,  that  (comparatively 
fpeakinu;)  there  is  no  neccfrity  at  all. 

Your's,  V.  O.  V. 

March  15, 1798. 


jTo  ridjcnahh  man  •will  fed  hin^jdf  tndiferent  to 

iht  cbara8er  he  beari.      To  be  m  tvant  of  the 

fancfian  dt&vtdfrom  the  gocd  cp*!iirt  ofotbat^ 

it  an  e^^greatly  to  be  depnrjtrd. 

Vide  GoowiN*s  laq^iirer,  frilay  vii.  feft.  i. 

To  the  Ef^tor  ef  the  Monthly  Magazine, 

Itrefume,  fir,  thore  are  net  many  of 
your  readers  who  will  difpote  tHe  juft- 
ncfii  of  that  lentiment  which  is  contained 
in  the  motto  to  \wj  letter.  We  all  of  us 
icnow  the  value  of  a  good  reputation.  To 
entertain  any  doubt  on  that  fubjefl,  would 
betray  the  indccifion  of  an  idiot.  It  ha« 
hitherto  been  confidered  as  an  afl  illibe- 
ral, if  not  hafe,  to  attempt  to  deftroy,  by 
tmfijundcd  furmifes,  the  advantages  to  be 
dcrivtd  from  fo  imiHmabJe  a  bleffing, 
Otlier  loffes  may  be  repaired  by  induftry, 
and  other  misfortunes  alleviated  by  time  j 
|>ut  the  lols  of  charafter  can  never  Dc  fup- 


plied  \  becstulb  confidence,  from  whieh  it 
IS  fufpended,  when  once  broken,  fontin^es 
fo  for  ever. 

Such  being  my  (entiments,  it  was  ^th 
much  regret  I  obferved  the  tendencr  of  a 
modern  effay,  in  ^hich  trades  and  pro- 
feffions  ai^e  reprei^ntcd  in  the  moft  dif- 
gufting  light.  Siome  remarks  Icem  ne- 
ce0*ary  to  countera6k  the  injury  of  fuch 
ideas,  which  I  think  are  uAjuft  and  inju- 
dicious. 

T<»Mr.  GODWIN,  the  authorofthtt 
effay  (fee  « Iw«»'fr,".Effay  v.),  I  am  fure 
I  have  no  per&nal  diiiike.  I  confider  his 
attempt  as  dangerous  \  and  no  other  apo- 
logy for  oppofmg  him,  in  thift  inibnce,  is 
neceffary.  If  I  were  of  his  opinion,  I 
(houkl  no  longer  defire  to  live  in  this 
world.  Exiftence  for  me  would  have  no 
charm i. life  would  have  no  enjoyment. 
Who  would  defire  toacl  in  a  fccne 
*<  «wbere  all  is  hlatA^  reptdfiye^  edmusi 
nvbere  every  hufinefi  and  employment  is 
found  contagious  and  fatal  to  all  the  befi 
charafferijlics  of  man,  and  proves  thefhat- 
ful parent  of  a  thouiand  hateful  vices  *.** 

The  gi'uund  upon  which  this  accusa- 
tion is  made,  appears  to  be  this :  that 
felfiflmefs  is  a  hateful  vicej  that  trades, 
as  at  prefent  conduced,  eng^der  felfifii- 
nefs ;  ergOy  no  liberal  man  can  follow  a 
trade.  Such  hafty  condufions  are  furely 
very  inconfiftent  with  the  caution  of  a 
philofophical  "  Inquirei*."  They  impeach 
nis  liberality  equally  with  his  knowledge. 
They  bring  inquiry  itfelf  into  difirpute. 

That  avarice  is  a  vice,  and  that  its  in- 
fluence is  to  endicate  every  generous  and 
humane  fentiment,  is  readily  adraftCed. 
That  mankind  are  too  often  infenfible  to 
the  duties  of  humanity,  is  gcncndlyjuft. 
That  the  acquireinent  of  wealth  by  no 
mean)»  confers  gcnerofity,  the  experience 
of  every  day  too  clearly  demoniimtcs. 
But  it  would  have  been  confifient  vriia 
the  ufual  practice  of  Mr.  Godwin's  in- 
veftigation,  to  have  entered  more  fuly 
iijx>n  the  fu!)jc6^.  He  has  quoted,  bat 
omitttd  to  follow,  the  advice  of  Cato; 
*•  De  Carthagine  fatius  ejl  fdfYe  qunrnfes-"^ 
cius  sijcerr.'"^  If  trades  and  proicflions  be 
injurious  to  the  moral  characlfcr  and  in- 
telleiflual  acquirements  of  thofc  who  ;V/- 
lo-iv  tbem^  why  did  he  not  furniA  us  triih 
the  contraft  of  thofc  who  do  not  fcUcj^i 
them  ?  We  ihouM  then  have  had  an  op- 
portunity of  comparilbn  \  but  the  com- 
parilbn,  I  am  lure,  would  not  hare  been 
favourable  to  his  opiuion.  "' ' 
I  confider  a  tradefman  as  a  crfpe^abl^ 


£fl»y  V, 


dutraAcTi 


Chara£f€r  of  a  Tradeftnan  defended  againJI  Mr.  Godwin*      417 


charafler.  T  do  not  (]|\iaiTei  vrith  hiniy 
becauic  "  has  the  audacity  to  call  bimfelfa 
manV"'  Hellas  aright  to  that  hoqour; 
and  often  a  mych  btttcr  right  than  many 
of  thoic  who  refiife  it  to  him.  The  a6l 
of  fupplying  others  with  what  it  uiefuly 
9Lnd  at  the  fame  time  providing  for  his 
own  comfort,  deferves  neither  cenfurc  nor 
difgrace.  It  may  be  done,  /  ku<nu  itfre^ 
quaitly  is  done^  with  uprightnefs  and  ho- 
nour. Mr.  Godwin's  habits  may  have 
prevented  him  from '  having  much  ac- 
quaintance with  the  mercantile  world  \ 
but  I  may  aflure  him,  that  it  frequently 
abounds  with  inftances  of  difinterefted 
virtue.  If  I  had  to  felea  the  beft  half  of 
mankind  in  a  civilized  ftate,  I  (hould  not 
hefitate  a  moment  to  prefer  the  trading 
part.  In  general,  I  can  fafely  affirm, 
that  tl)f  gf  eater  number  of  avaricious  and 
con  trailed  perfons,  is  certainly  to  be  foimd 
amongft  thoie  who  liye  independent  of 
trade.  This  may  appear  a  paradox :  to 
me  it  is  not  fo.  The  habits  of  commerce 
have  a  tendency  to  open. the  mind  5  they 
occafion  reflet^ion^  they  prevent  inac- 
tivity and  ftaignationj  they  frequently 
compel  their  votary  to  be  generous  j'  and 
convince  him  that  it  is  his  intereft  to  be 
iQ.  But  here  is  the  love  of  gain.  I  grant 
it  i  but  even  the  love  of  gain  is  oi'ten  fo 
regulated  by  the  God  of  nature,  as  to  pro- 
duce cife6ls  the  moft  beneficial.  It  may, 
perhaps,  be  af&rmed,  that  this  has  more 
ihare  than  any  other  motive  in  advancing 
tlie  work  •f  improvement,  in  carrying  to 
the  higheft  pitch  every  art  and  fcience,  in 
extending  tne  intelle^  of  man,  and  pro- 
moting the  happinefs  of  his  fpecies. 

To  be  fond  of  gain  is  natural  to  man. 
The  chief  diilin6lion  here  is,  that  the 
tradefman  chearfully  fpends  what  he  has 
cafily  obtained.  Exceptions  certainly  are 
'  numerous ;  they  always  muft  be  fo  on  a 
general  aflfumption ;  but  its  ftrongefl  bear> 
uig  I  conceive  to  be  favourable  to  my  ar- 
gument. 

But  a  tradefman  is  an  enemy  to  im- 
provement. How  is  this  diewn  ?  Let  me 
aik  Mr.  Godwin  who  have  contributed 
moll  to  the  irap'rcyement  of  ow  nature  ? 
I>o  not  their  very  employments  inftigate 
them  to  improvements  everyday?  Con- 
fider  what  the  whole  worth  oi  England 
was  twcntjr  years  ago,*  and  what  it  is 
ntw.  A  little  wood,  a  little  fire,  and  a 
liirlie  water,  have  been  converted  by  men, 
whom  Mr.  6odwin  condemns  as  ene- 
mies' of  improvements,  into  the  means  of 
providing  comfort  for  thoufands  of  his 
iclluw-creatures.  

The  fcai  ch  of  gain  corrupts  the  moid. 


I 


But  without  the  fearch  of  gain  in  the 
prefent  itate  of  things,  how  ihould  we 
exiil  ?  It  is  the  duty  of  many  frequently 
to  think  of  it ;  it  is  the  duty  of  all  to 
keep  it  in  fubje£lion,  never  to  fuffer  it, 
to  influence  the  delicacy  of  their  feelings^ 
never  to  bias  the  impartiality  of  their 
judgments,  never  to  deftroy  the  kindneft 
of  their  nature. 

Tradefmen  are  charged  with  employing 
iniidiouji  artifices  of  pretended  politenels 
to  invite  cullom  to  their  (hops.  No  ex* 
cufe  can  be  offered  for  fo  contemptible 
a  praftice.  Only  let  it  be  remembered, 
that  if  fuch  a  pra£lice  be  found,  the  dp- 
fe6l  belongs  more  to  thole  who  buy,  than 
to  thole  who  fell.  The  fawning  di*iveller 
would  ibon  alter  his  habits,,  it  he  found 
they  operated  to  his  difadvantafe.  Tradef- 
meut  therefore,  have  no  more  mare  in  (his 
charge  than  the  refl  of  mankind. 

To  finifh  the  black  catalogue  comes  9 
more  formidable  accufation:  that  they 
indulge  towards  each  other  the  mod  in- 
veterate hatred ;  and  that  nothing  can 
exceed  the  animofjty  they  bear  to  a  rival.. 
This,  if  confined  to  particular  cafes» 
is  certainly  true.  When  it  is  applied  as 
a  general  maxim,  it  is  flatly  contradi£kd 
by  general  experience;  The  readineft 
with  which  they  accommodate  one  an- 
other, and  the  civility  that  exifts  amongft 
them,  are  well  known  to  thofe  in  mer- 
cantile iituatiops.  Mr.  Godwin's, a^- 
fertion,  as  it  now  (lands,  is  very  much 
like  thofe  indictments  in  law,  where  ab- 
furdity  vies  with  falfchood  j  where  Jokn 
Doe  is  charged  with  breaking  the  head  of 
Richard  Roe,  &c,  &c. 

He  has  coniidered  all  thofe  as  equally 
dangerous^  and  all  equally  dijboneft.  Here 
we  agice  no  better  tlian  bcifore.  I  wifH 
the  ilave-trade,  and  one  or  two  more,  not 
;to  be  coniidered  as  belonging  to  my  ar- 
gument— they  are  not  trades,  they  are  M- 
tenuuic  robberies.  Yet  thele  cannot  be  laid 
to  have  injured  the  morals  of  thofe  who 
condu^  them,  becaufe  they  muft,/r/l  of 
edl,  take«the  previous  ftep  of  diveiiin|r 
themfelvcs  intirely  of  morality  or  virtue. 

Mr.  Godwin,  if  not  profeffionallyy  is, 
at  leafl,  froBicaUy,  AN  author.  I  con- 
iider  fuch  a  vocation  every  way  as  objec- 
tionable as  thofe  he  has  condemned.  Since 
he  has  ftigmatized  every  other  exifling 
line  of  bufmefs,  it  is  but  fair  to  call  upon 
him  to  fhew  the  feculiar  ad*uantages  of 
that  which  he  has  chofen. 

To  excite  diflruft,  to  banifh  confidence, 
and  to  deftroy  the  advantages  derived 
from  the  good  opinion  of  one  another,  is 
evidently  tht  tendency  of  that  fentiment 

which 


•4^ 


Mr.  Houfman^s  Ttntr  cdHtinuii. 


£ 


which  I  now  condeinn.  I  hope,  Mr.  Btf- 
fori  that  you  will  infrrt  thie ;  though  I 
am  conic totts  of  having  trelpianrd  upon 
the  extent  of  your  work,  it  may  he  pro- 
per tor  your  own  jtiftification ;  Mf  as 
ou  have  always  fiiewo  a  decided  partia- 
ity  for  the  intcrefts  of  commerce,  you 
muft  be  anxious  to  prove,  that,  by  To  do- 
ing, you  hs^ve  not  fupported  a  fyftem  of 
fraud,  robbery,  and  peculation. 
ffb,  II,  1798.  Mkecatoh. 


TOUR   OF  ENGLAND. 

(CominueJ/nm  ^agt  177.) 
Journal  of  a  Tour  through  >)mo{l  every  county 
in  England,  anU  part  of  Walcj,  by  Mr.JoHii 
HousMAN,  of  Corby,  near  Carlillej  who 
was  engageJ  to  make  the  Tour  by  4  gentle- 
man of  diilindton,  for  the  purpofe  of  col- 
leAm^  authentic  information  rcbtive  to 
the  ftatc  of  the  poor.  The  Journal  com- 
prifes  an  account  of  the  general  appearance 
of  the  country,  of  the  foil,  furface,  build- 
•flfs,  Ire.  with  obfervations  agricultural, 
commercial,  Scc» 

STOW,  the  iirat  of  the  \farquU  of 
Buckinghain,  is  about  three  miles 
from  this  place:  the  houfe,  the  very  fine 
and  cxtcnfive  park,  gardens,  pieafure- 
grounds,  &c.  are  tar  beyond  mv  powers 
of  defcription,  nor  do  fuch  deicriptions 
come  immediately  under  the  conciie  plan 
e>r  natuiT  of  my  notes  5  thefe  places  nave 
hetn  fully  and  repeatedly  defer ibcd  by 
able  writers,  who  fcarcely  condefcendcd 
to  notice  the  humble  fubjf(fls  of  my  prin- 
cipal attention.  Refpefting  Stow,  inflfrce 
it  to  fay,  that,  taken  altogether,  it  is 
generally  allowed  to  be  one  of  the  fineft 
^ts  in  the  kingdom. 

September  8.  I  left  Buckingham  and 
went  to  Winflow,  in  Buckinghamlhire, 
^x  miles.  The  foil  ftrong,  and  produces. 
much  wheat,  cats,  and  ocans.  In  this 
dil^rifl  I  padrd  leveral  parifhes  where  the 
fit  Ms  are  ojKrn,  and  the  faiTncrs  mowing 
•  beans  and  oats.  Whtre  the  land  is  in- 
clofcd,  it  is  mottly  in  Oaliurage.  Roads 
are  n-.3ile  with  whitim  freeftone,  mixed 
with  flinty  gravel  j  the  country  is  open, 
thougli  enclofures  contain  a  great  number 
of  trees,  principally  elm  ;  the"  lurface  ge- 
nerally U  vlI.  Window  is  a  fmall  plea- 
fantly  fttuatcd  market-town,  containing 
1100  inhabitants;  many  of  the  lower 
claflcs  of  women  are  lace-makers.  The 
adjacent  country  is  level j  and  abounds 
with  game,  particularly' hares,  whi^h,  it 
is  faid,  th«  lord  of  tlie  manor  prote«51s 
with  an  iron  hand. 

September  9.    Went  from  W inflow  to 
Leighton  Buzzard,  in  ^edfordfliire,  nine 


mile*.    The  ftrong  clajrcy  foil  conliu 
part  of  the  country  is  m  open  fields, 
part  of  it  inclofed  i   the  latter  is  m 
m  grais,  and  fome  of  the  palhires  f«j 
have  lain  Co  long,  that  much  of  the 
face  is*coveitd  with  ant-hills,  and, 
frquently,  the  produce  muft  be  dim:,^ 
ed.     The  produce  of  the  arable  Unii 
middling  crops  of  wheat,  beans,  bi. 
and  oats.     The  furface  is  rather  in 
!ar,    but  the  afpeft  of  the  countrt 
pleafing  enoueh ;  and,  towards  Leig! 
the    beautiful    fields,    furrounded 
ftately  timber  trees,    and    fine  rcrd 
meadows,  air  truly  deli  ;htfa!.  The  ^ 
pie  bufy  in  getting  in  their  wheat  i 
barley,  and  mowing  heass*     Small  1! 
are  herded  in  flocks  upon  the  ftubblts] 
in  the  lanes.  Leighton  BtiaTard  is  a  pn 
market-town,  bnck  built,  but  the  (b 
are  moftly  unpaved:    it   ta  furrourJl 
with  a  pliant  country,  and  leveral  opi 
fields.    The  manufacture  of  lace  < 
nues. 

Buekinghamfliire  ts  a  finall  countr.  I 
kerns  m  general  to  have  a  ftrong  hn 
foil,  very  fuitable  either  for  com  orgnij 
but  veiy  injudicioufiy  managed.  Tbel 
great  quantity  of  common  field  irnksl 
produces  wheat,  beans,  barley,  and  03tt,  1 
m  as  large  quantities  as  could  be  a- 
pefted  from  perpetual  tillage  ^  but,  wtrt 
the  whole  country  inclofed,  and  a  rcgclr 
fyftem  of  huflaandry  to  take  place,  by  rbe 
old  paftures  being  Drought  into  a  proper 
fucceffion  of  grais  and  com,  and  the  ikw 
corn  fields  put  in  the  fame  rotation,  I  an 
confident  the  produce  would  be  very  cx- 
fiderably  more. 

September  lo.  Went  from  I^igKiia 
Buzzard  to  Dunftable,  in  Brdfbrdihin, 
fix  miles.  A  bye-road,  which  leads  o^^ 
common,  or  open  fields,  almoft  aO  tbc 
way,  in  which  beans  are  a  principal  crop. 
Part  of  this  diftrift  is  quite  level,  wy 
fertile  and  beautiful ;  a  chalk  foil  com- 
mences here,  and  is,  in  fome  places,  with- 
in the  reach  of  the  plough.  The  hilij 
about  Dunflabk  are  fecn  at  a  great  dif- 
tance  j  they  are  high  pfotubciances  of 
chalk,  and  covered  with  a  green  fward  of 
poor  grafs.  About  twp  or  three  mlki 
from  Dimflable  the  great  north  road  ap- 
pears rifing  up  a  hill  towards  the  to^t 
which  is  cut  pretty  deep,  to  make  the 
afcent  moi-e  eafy :  the  fubftance  exca- 
vated, is  pure  crialk,  as  white  as  fnow, 
and  thrown  up  in  a  long,  liigh,  irrtralat 
ridge.  This  feemingly  wonderful  ob- 
jedl,  winch,  had  it  been  in  winter,  I 
Ihould  have  taken  for  a  large  wrtadi  d 
ihcw,  excited  mrcuriouty  for  fome  milc^i 


Mt^  H0ufman*s  Tour  continue  J. 


4*9 


or  could  I  conje^ure  what  it  really  was, 
ill  I  had  nearly  reached  the  place.  Chalk 
I  here  burned  for  llme^  in  the  calcination 
jfwfiich,  the  people  ufe  furze  infteadof 
oals.    Folding  (hcep  on  fallow:;,  is  much 
rtcUfcd  hercs  they  arc  of  a  fmall  white 
iced  breed,  and  hare  boras.   After  paflT- 
^  an  extcnfiye  and  very  fine  common, 
"  pon  which  all  the  cows  in  the  neigh- 
iDiiring  village   are  depadured  in  fum- 
0er,  the  road  leads  me  to  a  high  ground, 
rom  which  I  have  a  diftant  proi'pe^  on 
nry  fide.  Few  hedges  obftruA  the  view  $ 
_  Jmoft  the    whole    country,    for   miles 
jDund  me,  are  open  fields,  and  immenl'e 
tuantities   of   grain  appear,   fome  cut 
'  town,   fome  ftandin^,   but  the  grrateit  . 
Hit  the  farmers  are  bufy  carting  home. 
fbe  foil  here  ie  rather  lisht,  and  gene- 
"ally  pretty  good  corn  land,  but  leaft 
produclive  where  the  chalk  aboands  moft, . 
^hich,  in  fome  places,  even  forms  a  great 
part  of  the  upper  ftratum.      One  mile 
from  Dunftabki  I  paiTed  a  piece  of  an- 
tiquity, on  the  brink  of  a  nill ;    it  is  a 
hrge  circular  mound  of  earth,  inclonng 
about  ten  acres  of  ground,  and  has  for- 
merly, I  fuppoie,  been  an  encampment. 
1  a(kcd  fome  labourers,  who  were  mowing 
«at$  near  the  place,  what  they  had  heard 
about  it;    who  faid  the  country  people 
called  it  the  Gtffle^    and  that  they  had 
fingular  traditions  about  the  caufe  of  its 
fonnation;    particularly  the  va^ue  flory 
that  a  queen,  in  confequencc  ot  a  wager 
with  the  king,  that  fhe  could  encamp  an 
amiy,  of  a  certain  number  of  men,  with- 
in a  buirs  hide,  ordered  a  buil's  hide  to 
be  cut  into  (Irings,  and  the  greateft  pof- 
fible  circle  to  be  circumfct'ibed  therewith, 
which  was  done  at  this  place,  and  the 
encampment  made  accordingly.     Dun- 
ftaSlc  is  a  fmall  town,  containing  near 
looo  inhabitants :  it  is  a  great  thorough- 
fare to  the  north,  and  carries  on  a  ftraw 
manufaiftmie   of  hats,  bafkets.  Sec,  to  a 
CQnfiderable   extent,    of  late,   which    is 
chiefly  done  by  women,  who  can  often 
fam  more  than  the  men  by  common  la- 
bour.    The  farmers  bring  a  great  deal  of 
manure  from  London,  which  is  31  miles 
di(!ant.     This  h  quite  an  open  country, 
over    which    the    neighbouring     hills 
command  a  fine  view. 

September  15.  Went  from  Dunftable 
to  Markct-ftreet,  four  miles.  The  country 
moftly  indofed  $  fields,  fmall  and  pretty. 
A  large  quantity  of  the  Hnelt  common  in 
this  diftnia.  Market. ftreet  Itands  on  the 
north  road,  is  a  pretty  laige  village,  con- 
ailing  of  one  long  narrow  flreet  j  and  is 
remarkable  for  being  fituated  in  two 
€ouQtie«9  and  three  pariOies.   The  people 


mamifaflure  ftraw-hats,  Src.  and  the 
houics  are  moderately,  built.  Bedford- 
ihirr,  or,  at  leaft,  ib  much  as  I  faw  of  it« 
js  an  open  country,  the  air  feeraingly 
pure,  the  foil  tolerably  dry,  and  mixed 
with  chalk  and  flint,  which  are  generaUy, 
if  not  always,  companions.  On  account 
of  the  great  quantity  of  common  field, 
this  counay  furniflies  uncommon- fupplies 
of  all  forts:  the  (hcep  are  more  iuiitd  to 
the  folding  lydcra  of  hufbandry,  than 
yielding  mutton  and  wool.  Farms  are 
middle-iized  in  general ;  a  few  are  large, 
but  far  more  iniall  ones  of  from  30I.  to 
50I.  a  year.  Rent  of  Lmd,  in  farming 
pariflies,  from  10s.  to  30s.  |)er  acre.  The 
principal  manufacture  is  Ikraw-work,  bu( 
which  is  confined  to  about  fix  or  eight 
miles  round  Dunftable. 

September  14.  Marlcet-ftreet  to  Red- 
bourn  in  Hcrtfordfhire,  four  miles — The 
roads  excellent  ^  fields  fmail  j  foil  loamy; 
produces  wlirat,  barley,  oats,  turnips  and 
clover  i  furface  level ;  ^ne  hedges,  great 
numbers  of  trees  thereon.  The  hazel 
bufh  fupplies  tlie  place  of  thorn  in  gene.- 
ral,  and  nuts  are  growing  thereon  in  the 
greatefl  abundance,  particularly  about 
Redboum.  This  fecms  to  be  a  fertile 
and  fine  countiy,  and  the  farmers  good 
agriculturijls.  Farms  are  worth  tiroin 
,151.  to  about  200I.  a  year;  rent  of 
ploughed  land  15s.  and  of  meadow  3I. 
per  acre.  Redboum  is  a  very  pleafant, 
clean,  well-built,  but  fmail  market 
town,  on  the  north  road. 

September  15.  Went  from  Rcdboirrn 
to  St.  Albans,  in  Hertford/hire,  four 
miles.  This  diilri^l  much  like  the  lall 
defcribed  j  the  road  extremely  fine ;  the 
inclofures  feem  old}  elm  trees  abound} 
a  few  of  oak  and  a(h  appear  at  inrervals ; 
and  here  I  was  pleaCcvl  with  a  view  of 
fome  pretty  ftrcanis  oi'  clear  water.  Fields 
and  farms  aiu  fmall,  in  general,  and  rents 
not  high.  St.  Albans  alio  ibuds  on  the 
fame  great  read,  U  a  pleafant  town,  and 
contains  three  pariHi  churches. 

September  16.  St.  Albans  to  Bamet, 
in  Hcrtforiifliire,  ten  miles.  The  furface 
pretty  level,  and  woody,  but  the  foil  left 
fertile,  in  general,  than  in  thofe  diftri^ 
I  have  lately  pafTcd.  Furze,  which  ge- 
nerally indicares  a  poor  foil,  while  it 
points  to  fome  agricultural  negle^k,  fre- 
quently preftnts^itfclf  to  the  eye  of  the 
traveller,  in  this  diftrift.  The  roads  con*, 
tinue  excellent,  being  made  of  fine  flinty 
gravel.  Anobelifk,  purporting  that  one 
of  the  Earls  of  Warwick  was  flain  there 
in  battle,  liands  near  Barnct,  at  the  fepa- 
ration  of  the  two  great   north   ioad«. 

Bainer 


43*  6ohan  Upas^-^Tour /rim  Lwdofi  id  DuiShy  bfc.  • 


Barnet  is  a  fidall,  but  very  pleafant  towiii 
and  contains  a  number  of  genteel  inha- 
bitants. It  alio  ftaads  on  the  north  road» 
and  is  a  (tkovt  ftage  from  London :  the 
country  around  it,  pretty  level  and  agree- 
able* and  it  is  needlels  to  add,  furniihed 
with  a  great  number  of  country  refidences 
for  people  in  eafy  circumftances. 
Cto  be  continued.) 

Ta  the  Editor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine. 

SIR, 

THE  extraa  which  A  Traveller 
gave  in  your  Magazine  for  May, 
from  the  letters  of  Mr.  Von  Wurb,  on 
the  fubj*:^  of  the  BO  HAN  upas,  may, 
perhaps,  be  conftdcred  as  i'ufficiently  de- 
cifive  of  the  non«exiftence  of  the  plant. 
The  miraculous  account,  however,  given 
•f  it  by  the  Dutchman,  Mr.  Foerfch, 
who  pretends  to  have  been  an  tye-witncfs, 
and  the  fafls  which  he'  relates,  have  been 
controverted  in  all  their  parts,  in  a  Nfe- 
moir  of  Dr.  Lambert  Nolft,  Fellow  of  the 
Batav.  Exper.  Society  at  Rotterdam. 
This  memoir  was  procured  from  John 
Matthew  si  Rhyn,  1 3  years  rcfident  in  the 
Ifland  of  Java.  It  is  inierted  in  the 
*'  Gentlcman^s  Magazine  for  May,  1 794,** 
page  433,  towhicn  I  refer  ftich  of  your 
readers  as  are  deiirous  of  further  informa- 
tion on  the  fubjeA. 

This  formidable  and  dedru^ive  Upas 
Has  been  moft  poetically  defcrib^d  by  the 
beautiful  and  tantaftic  pen  of  Dr.  Dar- 
win, in  his  '*  Botanic  Garden  r^ 
•*  Where  (tit  of  glafs  with  gay  reflexions 

fmile,  &c.'*         Part  s.  Cant.  iii.  line  219. 

Did  Dr.  DarWin  really  rredit  the  ex- 
iftence  of  the  Upas  ?  or  were  the  qualities 
afcribed  to  it,  lo  admirably  calculated  to 
enrich  his  poem,  that  he  finned  againft 
hii  better  underllaiiding,  and  defeited  his 
philoibphy  for  the  fake  of  his  mufc  ? 

The  Doaor  has  inferted,  in  his  "  ad. 
ditional  notes"^  to  the  fecond  part  of  the 
"  Botanic  Garden,*^  a  tranllation  from 
the  Dutch  of  Forrfch.  A.  R.  C. 


A  Toi3K  from  London  to  Dublin  and 
fome  other  I^arts  of  Ireland  j  <i«2!. 

the     COUNTIfiS     of     KiLDARE       Ofld 

WicKLOW,  made  injhe  Summer  of 

»797- 

(Contimiedfrcm  page  348.^ 

THERE  is  another  hofoital  of  {^ood 
plain  arcbite£lure,  with  a  handlbme 
ftceplc,  inftituted  for  the  relief  of  poor 
hring-in- women.  It  was  founded  by  a 
poftor  Mofs,  and  continues  to  be  patron- 
ized to  the  prelVnt  day  by  almoft  every  be- 
nevelcat  lady  in  Iitland  (Dublin  ia  par- 


ticular), at  well  as  by  a  humane  paUic< 
The  number  of  women  under  this  defcrlp- 
tion  relieved  in  this  houfe,  has  been,  in 
forty  years>  37,61 5  ;  and  the  number  of 
childi-eu  bom  there  in  that  fpace  of  tune, 
38^29 1  $  viz.  20,o8a  boys  and  18,109 
girls.  Of  thefe  women,  667  had  twins  \ 
z  I  had  3,  and  x  had  4  children  at  a  birth. 
There  are,  beiides,  a  'great  number  of 
other  charities  in  the  capital  of  the  filler 
kingdom ;  but  their  external  appearance 
does  not  claim  the  attention  of  travtrllers. 
There  is,  however,  one  whofe  inititution 
is  very  recent,  but  whofe  growth,  from 
its  god'like  (lamina,  has  been  gigantic, 
•  as  it  foftered  and  fuccoured  by  the  provi. 
dential  and  merciful  dew  of  heaven.  This 
is  the  orphan-houfe  for  deftitute  female 
children,  a  receptacle  of  plain  and  hum- 
ble arxhiteflure,  built  upon  the  verge  of 
the  circular  road  (a  fafliionable  equeitrian 
promenade  round  Dublin).  This  tniii- 
tution  was  opened  upon  the  firft  day  of 
January  1790,  in  ccufequence  of  a  truly 
pious  and  charitable  woman,  who,  in  the 
daily  habit  of  feeking  out  wi-etchedoefs 
for  the  purpose  of  adminiftering  relief, 
difcoverol  ((hocking  to  relate)  a  number 
of  deftitute  infants,  at  different  times,  ex« 
DO  fed  to  perifh  in  ditches  and  upon  dxmg- 
brills.  With  her  own  private  purle  &e 
began  to  form  an  afylum  againft  fuch 
bai*barity.  It  foon  was  adifted  by  her 
private  friends ;  and  am  appeal  in  behalf 
of  this  mftitution,  was  made  to  the  pub* 
lie  from  the  pulpit,  by  that  inimiiable 
orator,  the  Rev.  Do6lor  Kirwan,  which 
fucceedcd  admirably.  Heaven  called  away 
the  foundrefs,  and  her  lofs  was  felt  like 
an  electrical  (hock  among  the  females  of 
fafhion  at  Dublin,  under  whole  auipices 
this  little  nurfeling  has  increafed  within 
that  (hort  fpace,  lb  much,  as  to  contain 
upon  the  (Irength  and  prefumotion  of 
voluntary  contributions,  no  lefs  thaa  1 30 
children,  of  this  deflitute  dais;  and,  to 
the  honour  of  the  filter  kingdom  be  it  re- 
corded, that  this  popular  preacher  his 
often  fo  fuccefsfuUy  pleaded  the  caufe  of 
raiftrry  from  the  pulpit,  as  to  draw  from 
his  auditory  a  voluntary  donation  of 
more  than  looo  guineas  at  a  charity  i'er- 
mon.  It  is  now,  and  for  the  laft  £ve 
years  has  been,  the  cuftom,  at  the  aik- 
nual  fermon  for  this  chanty,  for  the 
moft  diftlnguiihed  peerefies,  and  other  la- 
dies of  high  rank,  to  colled  the  dooa- 
tions  of  the  congregation  h\  the  church. 
Each  of  thefe  carries  a  (ilver  plate  in  her 
hand,  preceded  by  a  gentleman  u(h€T, 
with  a  white]  rod,  which  rmeodJe  fight 
never  fails  to  prgdvce  the  dei^td  eff^. 

The 


Tew  in  Ireland. — Dublin  and  Ptdnhy. 


43J 


The  fmall  houfc,  where  this  uiflitution 
commenced,  was,  upon  the  i-emoval  of 
the  jirls  to'  their  new  building  above 
mentioned,  taken  for  the  purpole  of  re- 
lievlnff  de^Itute  orphan  boys,  and  which, 
thougu  now  only  in  its  feconJ  and  third 
year,  will,  we  bopej  meet  with  the  en- 
couragement it  deierves.  The  Meflis. 
La  Touchc,  the  Dublin  bankers',  are 
trcafurcrs  to  thefe  cluirities,  -who  thank- 
fully receive  the  fmalleii  contributions 
from  the  humane  and  benevolent.  There 
are,  befides  thele  which  I  have  mentioned, 
fourteen  other  hofpitals  in  the  metropolis 
of  Ireland,  chiefly  fupported  by  volunt'ary 
contributions. 

As  to  the  churches  in  Dublin  (which 
has  each  its  parochial  fchool),  they  ex- 
hibit no  external  beauty  to  arreft  the  at- 
tention of  the  traveller,  nor  yet  much 
iDtfrnal  decoration.  The  only  two 
churches  in  Dublin,  out  of  near  thirty, 
which  have  fteeples  with  fpires,  are  St. 
Patrick's  catheciral,  and  St.  Werburgh 
church.  St.  Patrick's  cathedra],  from 
its  antiquity,  is  worth  invelligation,  but 
it  is  falling  rapidly  into  decay  \  and,  to 
mend  the  matter,  the  government  of  Ire- 
land and  the  chapter  are  at  this  hour  en- 
gaged in  a  fuit  at  law,  relative  to  the 
right  of  chufing  or  electing  a  dean. 

I  fliall  now  mention  the  few  principal 
houfes  of  the  nobility  in  that  city,  which 
deiervc  attention  j  and  firft,  Leinfter- 
Houfe,  the  town  refidence  of  the  Duke  of 
leinfter.  The  principal  entrance  is  from 
Kildare-ftreet,  tnrough  a  very  bold  gate- 
way of  ruftic  architefture,  ereftcd  in  the 
centre  of  a  wall  of  the  fame  ftile,  within 
&le  of  which  is  a  very  large  circular  area, 
and  in  the  front  ftands  the  houfe,  which 
is  of  fione,  with  three-quarter  columns, 
fuDporting  the  frieze  and  cornice.  The 
hall  has  a  very  grand  appearance,  rifing 
into  a  part  of  the  fecond  floor  and  fup- 
ported by  black  marble  columns.  In 
this  hall  are  (everal  buftos  and  other 
pieces  of  fculpture.  The  fuite'  of  rooms 
upon  this  floor  is  well  contrived,  and 
moft  of  them  are  decorated  with  good 
paintings.  When  you  afcead  the  prin- 
cipal  ftaircafe,  you  enter  from  the  left- 
hand  into  the  gallery  of  paintings,  in 
which  are  ibme  of  the  ocft  work»  of  Van 
Dyke,  Guido  and  Titian ;  and,  in  a  light 
f<^ini-circalar  colonnade,  upon  the  north 
fide  of  tht  room,  flands  a  ftatue  of  Ado- 
nis, well  fculptured  in  marble,  four  feet 
high;  this  gallery  extends  the  whole 
depth  of  the  houfe,  from  Weft  to  Eaft, 
and  is  fuperbly  fomiihed.  Before  the  rerc 
of  this  houfe,  which  is  of  plain  ftone  ar- 

MoMTULY  Mag.  No.  xxxi. 


ehite6lare,  is  a  lawn,  conUinisf  about 
three  acres,  planted  upon  each  fide  with 
flowering  flirubs,  and  divided  from  the 
newly  finiflied  fquare,  called  Merrion- 
Square,  of  whidh  it  commands  an  ufiin* 
lerrupted  view,  by  a  part  of  Menion- 
ftrcet,  which  never  x an  be  built  upon| 
forming,  upon  the  whole,  the  graodeft 
town  reiidence  in  the  city  of  Dublin, 

That  which  ranks  next,  in  point  of 
fituation  and  real  tade,  in  this  city,  U 
Charlemont  Houfe,  the  town  refidence  of 
Earl  Charlemont.  It  is  of  plain  ftont 
archite^ure,  embelliihed  in  front  with 
nothing  mo«  than  a  fimple  door  cafe, 
and  architrave  windows.  There  is  a  fcmi- 
circular  fweep  at  each  iide.  of  the  houfe*. 
with  niches  in  the  wail  and  baluHradcs 
at  top ;  but  its  fituation  being  in  the 
centre  of  a  high  ground,  on  the  north  fide 
of  Rutland-Si^uarc:,  and  coinmanding  an 
entire  view  of  a  beautiful  aind  extenfiyc 
pieafure- ground,  called  the  New  Gardens, 
fituate  at  the  rear  of  the  Lying*ia  Hof* 
pital,  and  terminated  by  that  buildin^« 
render  this  houfe  delightful  and  chearful 
in*  the  extreme.  The  hall  is  fimple  and 
neat,  yet  fufficiently  large.  There  arc  in 
it  four  columns  of  the  Corinthi^  ojixlert 
but  they  are  of  wood,  which  has  an  s^- 
pearance  of  poverty,  and  ill-accoixls  witlj 
a  Itone  fronted  houfe.  There  arc  but 
three  rooms  upon  the  parlour-floor,  via, 
a  bi-eakfad- parlour,  a  dining  parlour,  and 
a  drawing-room.  In  ihe  brcakfaft-par» 
lour  there  are  fome  good  piiSlures,  parti* 
cularly,  an  holy  family  \>y  Vanlo,  two 
original  Hogarths,  one,  of  the  harlot*^ 
progrefs,  in  high  keeping  with  a  Jew  j 
the  other,  called  the  lady's  laft  ftaVe. 
This  iatl  pifture  was  copied  after-  Ho- 
garth's death,  by  a  perfonfeut  from  Lon» 
don  to  Dublin  for  that  purpofe,  in  order 
to  complete  the  engravings  of  that  artift't 
works.  Lord  Charlemont  is  alio  in  pof-r 
frflion  of  the  original  pifture  of  the  gates 
of  Calais,  b)r  Hogarth;  In  tlic  drawing 
room  are  a  few  good  'piftuixs,  particu- 
larly a  St.  Matthew,  and  a  repenting 
Judas  throwing  down  the  pieces  of  filver, 
by  Rem  brant,  in  his  beft  ftile.  The 
principal  floor  of  this  houfe  has  never 
been  iiniihed,  although  built  above  thirty, 
years,  nor  have  even  the  walls  or  cieling 
beenplaiftered.  Ample  amends  iu  made 
for  this  apparent  mifery,  by  the  magni- 
ficence of  the  library,  which  is  attached 
to  the  rere  of  this  houfe,  at  a  diftance  of 
about  one  hundred  and  fift^  feet  from  tho 
dwelling-houfe.  This  library,  which 
ftands  umivalled  by  that  of  any  private 
gentleman  in  EuropCi  cooiifts  of  four 
3  K  rooms. 


432 


Tiour  in  Ireland, — Charhmort  H.ufe 


Toomi,  and  was  defigned  bv  the  hte  ^ir 

Wiilizm  Charaber-i,  as  w2s  si  ■>  the 
dwtll.nfl^-houfe.  Tbc  eritrarc*  :o  :\e  li- 
brary is  thrc;!g^h  a  ic-ng  ^of-'<for,  in 
whJCii.are  fevers!  n'.i.S:s,  cor.  li-.ir::  "■;- 
fique  buftcs,  ftatiic>,  and  otl.^r  orni- 
mer.t',     tc:::th?r    v/.":h    forrc    p?-^r.c>, 


painted  bv  CIp 


zrX 


v.'pc'.  a 
lor.  i*  a  be 


fbrm,  to  whic.i  y^u  . 
in  the  centre  of  tMi'»  crtrrl 
tifu!  antique  ftat'je  f  \!rrcL::7,  exrc;:ird 
in  copper,  three  feet  high,  ic^ireknt:::  a» 
/AancUng  upon  one  of  the  wind*  ai:d  pre- 
paring to  take  fi'ght. 

The  anti-chamber  is  a  room  about 
fhirty  feet  fquare,  well  furmrneJ  with 
\4luable  book-s.  There  are  in  this  rcom 
iinsr  antique  buftos.  In  copper,  viz. 
Julius  Cjrfar,  Junius  Brutus,  M.  Aure- 
Jius,  and  another,  fuppol'crd  tobeexccutcil 
about  the  tinye  thole  perfon^  flourinxd. 
In  a  lar^e  niche,  fupported  by  cobimns, 
in  this  room,  and  immediately  oppofite 
the  great  room,  it  a  Parian  marble  ftatue 
]ars^e  as  life,  of  the  Venus  De  Mcdicis, 
clofcly  and  finely  copied  from  the  origi- 
nal, by  Wilton,  at  Florence,  in  the  year 
1753-  This  ftatxie  is  elevated  upon  a 
mod  curioufly  fculptured  pcdeilsl,  three 
feet  high,  and  can  only  be  equiUcd  by 
the  original.  There  are  in  thiN  rcom  alio, 
two  marble  buftes  by  the  fame  artilt, 
pne,  of  the  great  William  Piti,  late 
Earl  of  Chatham,  the  other,  of  Philip, 
Karl  of  Ch?iterfi.-ld.  From  this,  you 
filter  into  the  great  room,  which  is  (ixty 
feet  long  and  thirty  feet  wide.  At  the 
oppofite  end  is  an  amazing  large  miirble 
chimney-piece,  which  is  more  like  a  mo- 
nument than  a  chimney-piece.  It  is  a 
builfii'ip-  of  v,hite  marble,  havlrig;  nothing 
to  rci-yjwrris.'nH  It  hut  a  very  fine  1)'.:»1-)  of 
Homer,  which  '.^  |-l"-t;d  upon  »l!.*  ''^p. 
At  fa(M  I'lriv'  (ri  iliis  rucTTi,  .ncjilil^jis 
•  cf  thr  Coriiisiiin  oi'thr,  riS>»ut  zo  inclxs 
diimetsr,  ficm  tl.tr.  cir-i'^ii  ol'  \v'tii.h 
fprin^s  a  coved  cifling;  ih'ou:;h  wiii<  >i 
tne  room  is  Hj;hteJ ;  tijid  bc^vveen  ttu-ie 
pi! alters  arc  a  number  of  /helves,  uil 
iilled  with  a  rnoit  valuiiblt-  cojit-ciion  of 
precious  books.  The  cieling  hi^  feme 
cnamentfd  (hicco,  and  there  are  fome 
par.ncls  over  the  ii(x)is,  otc.  of  Ciprlcmi  s 
painting.  Beyopd  this  are  two  fmaller 
rooms,  the  cntra!:cs  to  which  is  at  each 
li&t  of  the  clilnir.cy-pivce,  the  one  for  an- 
tique merfals,  cuiiontic>,  &c.  the  other 
called  the  medal-room,  for  the  puipofc  of 
keeping  mtdrih,  gems,  &c.  of  which 
JLord  Ciiarljrmont  has  a  grejit  and  precious 
colltfl^ion.  All  thefc  rooms  are  flooi^d 
y^lxh.  Irjfli  oak,  laid  in  geometrical  figures, 


and  hi-'ilv 

th.-  CO.. :u.'r  .vh  .h  I  have  belcu  ucn- 
11. -.led,  tiM.tr:  IS  r^yzn  th.  rigl.t  harid  a 
d^cr,  cvfr'A-r.:.!  ,^  a.  piinting  in  inlri- 

I  he  l.iir  De  G.-crrprcivru'lr.g  PcU.tu!^  , 

tr,*  Kn  :::'•>■  h'-!  ^i^-^-^,  (iii'overin^  ai..r.a- 

p'.it-     I'js  and'K^ir.u;  iVcli-r.T  the  wciV.     T:  is 


dvor  IvHu*  inio  a  \\ 
y^zs  17S8,  in  2<kVi 
I  hivve  jult  defer"; 
beauritui.     It  is  b 


^n,  built  ahcut  ''^e 
"Da  to  the  li>r::-v' 
~cd,     and    tr.*Ttzr.."y 


It"ie  of  the  J-^.n^e  room  I  hrve  before  ir'-n- 
tiji::d,  but  up:n  a  fmailjr  fcalt.  T.'^c 
columns  and  piiatlers  in  this  room  a/e 
of  an  irre;r'-i2i-,  or  leather,  a  fzncied  or- 
der, fo!neth'.-:g  too  fripperv,  arddep?-t- 
ing  alitrle  fr...n  the  n.aiTy  richnel's  c.  t'.-? 
antient.  Into  thf  dc<r''neracy  of  mocMi 
taftt.  I>.- ciel:»:g  j'Uthefiocr  in  rh's 
art  much  fupc.ior  to  any  of  the  c\:.-:r 
rooms.  The  fiTe  is  about  fifty  fcet'.ong 
and  twenty  feet  wide,  of  an  ovalfoi.r.. 
At  one  extremity  is  an  handlbme  chi:r.- 
ncy-piecc,richly  carved  and  well  exenitcd, 
in  white  maible,  upon  the  top  of  whivh 
is  placed  an  uncommonly  fine  marble 
bulto  of  the  late  General  Wolfe  j  and 
u^.cn  the  front  of  the  pedeftal  is  the  fol- 
lowing infcription,  compofed  by  Lord 
Ciiarlemont : 

S^iTcd  tJ  miliary  glory, 

And  to  the  n»cmory 

Of  M-jjr  Ccr.cral  Jjmrs  Wolfe, 

Who,  in  tac  miv.:l  of  a  ^ilmculr  ani  Or:licd 

viiftory. 

Where  fortune  hid  no  ihare, 

Die  J 

Corqueror    r  Cznr'A%^ 

On  the  tl.irtecMn  <n    be; : -amber. 

At  t'i?  of^pofi*"  cxtrtinlty  of  this rc-ra 
is  I  ir.o:.n:,)t.nl  c:ec.;t:d  in  white  ma'..*^u. 
ct'rrrii»oinrnv^  ms  io  the  ovnnal  form  w.'.^ 
that  or  the.  chimney-piece.  It  is  icci.pi 
ot  wcli  Ic'ilpfurcd  e<i'»lc'nci''c  omirrviiT^, 
pouii.'iviuL'  the  dltfei^-nt  othcci  which 
tlie  i;irc  NUr^.ii*  of  liocklnuham  {to 
whoi'e  ni-mor/  it  has  been  trccteti)  hdl 
under  the  crowa  of  Gnat  Britaiiij  i« 
wtil  3s  ot'icr  devices  emblematic  0:  ;"•:> 
privat-  virtues,  .^nd  of  the  arts  and  Ici- 
cnccs  he  was  known  to  have  pationizAl. 
Upon  the  top  of  this  monument,  h^«- 
wife,  Hands  a  biiilo  cf  the  Marqm<  ci 
Rockingh'im  finely  cx'jcaied  in  n-hi^c 
marble  ^  and  in  the  front  of  its  pedvird 
is  en^aved  the  following  infcription: 
This  llfihing  refembUnceof  her  dep-irte^'o-'i 

Perpetual  fource  of  her  pricf  aiii  pili.:i 
Was  the  precious  gift 

Of  Mary,  Marchiontfs  of  Rockingham, 


Tsur  m  tretani^'^Marqms  of  Rockin^hatHi 


4 


Under  whoff  painful  infpe^n  graved  the  following^  iriAfr  jptioii »  which* 

And  pious  care,  from  its  roafterly  and  boW  ftilc,  as  well 

Exerted  in  behalf  of  his  cvcr-Umenting  friend,     gs  the  happinefs  of  coixununlcating  a  ma- 

And  by  the  help  of  wliofc  faithful  memory      nufcript   compofition   of  Loid  Charlc^ 

The  moaa  was  made.  ^^^^.^^  hi^tno  unknown  to  the  public, 

'7**-  induced  rac  to  take  a  literal  maaufcript 

Upon  a  large  marble  tablet  which  oc-    Qf  j^^ 

cupiet  the  front  of  this  monument^  is  en- 

The  mpft  noble  Charles  Watfon  Wentworth, 

Marquis  of  Rockingham* 

On  whofe  character 

A  cqnfcioufhers  of  partiality  would  prevent  my  expatiating* 

If  I  were  not  confident 

That  the  utmoft  ardour  of  friendHiip  mav  be  neceflary 

To  give  warmth  to  a  delmeation 

Which,  even  thus  infpired»  muft  fall  Ihort  of  his  mtritt* 

Genuine  patriotifm,  unlhaken  fortitudcy 

And  immaculate  honour, 

Dignlfird  his  public  condufb  \ 

While  his  private  life 

Was  marked,  adorned,  and  fweetened 

By  every  elegance  of  tafte. 

By  all  the  endeannents  of  friendQiipf 

And  by  the  conllant  pra£Uce  of  every  focial  duty^ 

A  patron  of  all  the  arts,  ufeful  and  omamtntal. 

His  perfpiclcity  difcovered, 

'    His  influence  prote£led|  his  liberality  encouraged^ 

His  bounty  diftinguifhed  and  animated, 

Innumerable  votaries  to  true  genius, 

Whofe  modcft  merit  might  otherwifc  have  been  concealed 

And  loft  to  their  country, 

Which  principally,  by  his  means, 

Is  now  become  the  Attica  of  the  modem  world- 

As  A  Minister, 

Hiftory  will  beft  (J)eak  his  praifc ! 

He  refcucd  the  dominion,  commit  red  to  his  charge, 

From  the  rage  of  faftion, 

And  the  dcftruftivc  tendency  cf  uhconftitutioftal  principles. 

In  his  firft  admin iftrat ion. 

His  conciliatory  endeavours  were  efie£lual 

To  the  rcrtoration  of  harrtiony  , 

Between  Great  Britain  and  her  colonies  ; 

Which  bicfling  was,  however,  quickly  forfeited 

By  a  fatal  change  of  men  and  mealures. 

Public  Necessity, 

Ak©  the  voice  of  the  People, 

Again  called  Iiim  to  the  helm  cf  the  finking  ftate; 

Which,  though  now  icducLd  to  the  hit  extremity. 

By  weak  and  evil  governance. 

By  external  ftorms  nml  intf  rnal  mutiny. 

Was    faved    ri"ora    impending    deltruaion 

By  his  pcrlcrcring  tkill  nnj  courage. 

The  raoli  ja/ring  atul  ilillordant  fpirits 

Were  harmonized  and  kept  to^ctiier 

By  the  love  of  his  pcrfon,  the  reference  tor  his  chlrafler. 

And  the  uuivarnil  confidence  in  his  honefty. 

Upon  him,  as  the  grcit  centre  of  at liafl ion. 

The  coherence  and  confequent  IJ'fety  of  the  whole  depended* 

He  found  the  empire  involved  in  the  fatal  conlequ^nces 

Of  ftiort- lighted,  arbitrary,  and  tyrannic  policy. 

When,  foUowinrthe  dictateiof  wiiUom  , 

AnTof  luftictt, 

3  K  :i  Which 


Which  had  long  been  ftnmgeft  to  Britifli  counciln. 

He  gave  peace  and  fecuhtv  to  his  native  land. 

Liberty  to  America, 

Audi  coinciding  with  the  unparalleled  efforts  of  her  Tirtuous  font* 

KEfTORBD  HER  RIGHTS  to  IRKLANDI 

A«  hi*  life  was  the  fiipport,  . 

His  death  had  well  nifih  been  the  ruin  of  the  Britifli  empire  j 

As  if  his  lamenting  country 

,Had  been  loath  to  furvive  her  darling  fen. 

Her  friend,    her  bcnefaaor,   her  prcicnrerl 

•   M.  S.  P. 

CUARLBMONT. 

pleafmg  circumftance  to  know,  that  alt 
ladies  and  gentlemen  are  with  the  utmoft 
liberality  permiited  to  ritw  thia  magni- 
ficent fuite  of  rooms. 

[70  hi  coniimud.l 


In  thif  room  is  a  colleAion  of  models 
in  VCerra  Crtfa^  copied  under  Lord  Char- 
lemont's  immediate  infpeftion,  when  in 
Italy>  of  moft  of  the  celebrated  antique 
buftos  in  that  part  of'  Europe,  upwards 
of  fifty  in  number ;  and  it  tnult  be  a 


For  the  Montbfy  Magazine, 

JouRNBryrMn  New-York  to  Prila- 
DELFHIA  and  the  Brandywinb,  m 
the  State  of  Pbnsylvania. 

(Cominned  from  page  3  Jl  J 

MR.  EDITOR, 

EARLY  in  thfe  evening  we  airired  in 
Philadelphia,  haTine  been  36  hours 
on  the  journey  |  though  it  is  frequently 
parformedi  aind  with  facility,  in  lefs. 
•Glad  to  evade  the  noify  buftle  of  the  inn, 
I  took  lodgings  in  Second- ftreet  $  and 
Tallying  out  in  the  cool  of  the  evening, 
went  in  queft  of  my  Quaker  friend,  who 
had  agreed  to  give  me  the  meeting  here ; 
jud,  good  as  his  word,  politely  received 
and  introduced  me  to  his  acquaintance. 
Philadelphia,  at  firft  fight,  has  much  the 
appearance  of  an  Engliffi  town,  but  I 
doubt  whether  Great  Britain  can  juIHy 
boaft  of  one  fo  ]ferfe£lly  regular  and  beau- 
tiful. To  attempt  a  particular  defcrip- 
tion  of  it  would  be  fuperfluous,  after  the 
i;epeated  information  on  the  fubje^  al- 
ready before  the  public,  iheit:fore  brevity 
will  do.  In  extent  and  number  of  inlia- 
bitants,  it  far  exceeds  every  other  town 
in  the  United  States,  for  they  amount 
(according  to  a  recent  eftimate)  to  60,000, 
£}me  authors  fay  70,000.  No  apparent 
decreafe  of  population  was  ^if'^^verable, 
«s  one  would  naturally  enough  hive  tx- 
pcftcd,  after  the  very  fevere  vifiiation 
(the  fatal  fever  of  1793)  it  had  recently 
exoerienced  j  but  probably  the  continual 
innux  of  European  and  Weft- Indian 
emigration,  had  fully  contributed  to  re- 
place the  loi|  occoiioned  by  fo  calamitous 
a  mortality. 

Along  the  quays  on  the  banks  of  the 
Delaware,  all  was  bufy  thiong  and  cobv- 


roercial  buftle,  denotine  a  very  cxtenfivt 
trade,  as  alfo  appeared  from  the  vaft  qvan- 
tities  of  home  and  foreign  produce,  either 
imported,  or  ready  for  exportation  s  the 
latter  chiefly  coofifted  of  flour,  wheat, 
India-corn,  ftaves,  and  pot  and  pcarl- 
afhcs.  The  Delaware  here  aiTumea  the 
grandeur  of  a  noble  river  5  the  width  be- 
ing confiderably  jpT^ter  than  that  of  tha 
Thames  at  We£ninfter-bridge,  though 
double  the  diftance  from  the  fea, — iiS 
miles  from  the  Capes,  where  it  diiem^ 
boguet  its  mighty  waters  into  the  Atlan- 
tic Ocean.  The  afceut  from  its  fiiotet 
on  either  ikle  is  gradual,  which,  tagether 
with  the  fine  paftures  and  variety  of  tim- 
ber growing  on  the  oppofite  banks,  gjv* 
the  profpect,  as  beheld  from  the  upper 
parts  of  the  towr.  and  from  the  quays, 
an  exceedingly  pleafant  look.  As  for 
the  city  itfelf,  notwithftandiog  the  mc- 
dem  elegance  of  feveial  of  the  ftreets  and 
buildings,  and  the  wonderful  regularity 
of  the  whole  $  it  quickly  conveys  to  the 
mind  an  idea  of  dulnefs  and  infipldity : 
at  leaft  it  had  that  effect  on  roe,  which  I 
could  only  attributo  'to  that  very  nai- 
ibrmity  fo  generally  adfnirtd .  The  mind 
of  man  naturally  inclines  to  the  love  of 
variety,  and  perhaps  no  ctrcumftance  iu 
life  tends  more  to  render  it  defirsbl; ; 
therefore,  to  the  generality  of  people,  the 
varied  and  iiregular  naagnificence  of  the 
well  end  of  the  Biitifh  metropolis,  or  c-f 
the  city  of  Bath,  will  prove  incompai^bly 
more  attraftive  and  pleafmg  than  the 
elegant  uniformity  of  Philadelphia.  In 
point  of  temperature  and  falubrity  of 
climate,, convenlency  and  beauty  of  ma- 
ritime fitdadon,  or  romantic,  piSurefque 
fcenery/Hnmft  decidedly  give  up  the  pa  Im 
to  iu^tul  ^^-Yvrk }  a  few  revolving 


Tour  from  New  Tori  to  PiiUidAphiay  ^c. 


years  ii^l  likewife  In  all  j^baMIity  give 
t)i(  latter  the  fame  pre-emioence  in  popu- 
latioo  and  commercial  confequence.  At 
prefent  the  New-Yorkers  and  Phila- 
(ielpbians  feem  very  jealous  of  the  merits, 
fancied  or  real,  of  their  rcQpcftivc  cities — 
my  opinion  I  have  given  frankly  and  im- 
partially. The  (fiffe rent  quarters  and 
ilreeta  of  Philadelphia  are  adorned  and 
ihaded  with  numberlef«  gaident  and  trees, 
conducing  greatly  to  its  beauty  and 
amenity: — their  various  tints  of  lively 
green  fcnfibly  relieve  the  eye  in  fo  hot  a 
climate,  as  well  as  from  the  tirefome  ef- 
feft  occafioned  by  the  (how  of  fo  many ' 
brick  buildings.  The  winter  here  is  fe- 
vere,  bat  fertne  and  heslthfiil ;  the  fpring 
Tariable ;  the  fummer  intenfely  and  xnfuN 
ferably'  hot,  the  true  cauie  probably,  in 
h  large  a  city,  of  the  fatal  fevers  which 
(o  ircqnently  rage  during  the  dog-days, 
and  the  early  part  of  autumn.  The  ther- 
mometer in  ttie  .fhade,  in  May  and  Sep- 
tember, often  riles  considerably  above  So, 
and  in  the  intervening  months  beyond  90 ; 
a  degree  of  heat  vei^  trying  to  the  con- 
ftitution*  of  Britons. 

The  Whites  had  in  general  the  look  of 
health  and  vigour,  notwithftandtng  the 
extreme  heat,  which  far  exceeded  any 
thing  of  the  kind  I  recollected  to  have  felt 
in  England.  The  city  fwarraed  with 
French,  Irxfh,  and  German  emigrants. 
The  fociety  of  Fiyends,  or  Qnakei-s, 
amount  to  fevtiral  thoofands ;  but  to  af- 
certaitt  their  number  would  be  difficult, 
having  been  unable  to  obtain  any  accurate 
information  on  the  fubje£l. 

The  ladies  of  Philadelphia  may  vie 
with  thofe  of  New- York  in  delicacy  of 
&atiu>e  and  complexion,  or  graceful  figure 
and  elegance  of  apparel :  I  law  feveral  at 
both  places  who  might  have  nailed  for 
beauties,  even  in  England  !  and  to  judge 
alfo  by  the  fpeciitiens  1  met  with  from  New 
£ngland,  the  female  face  dhrine,  and  fine 
proportion  of  form,  have  not  degenerated 
ui  the  Trans-atlantic  colonies.  The 
American  fair,  from  their  rnodeft  rcferve 
and  ihynefs,  win  not  fo  foon  perhaps  on 
the  ftranger,  as  the  more  fprightly  and 
gay  European;  but,  on  a  proper  intro- 
du6lion  and  habits  of  friendly  intercourie, 
that  conilraint  alters  into  chearf'ulnefs  and 
alluring  manners,  gradually  fubfidcs  into 
frank  and  playful,  though  innocent  fami- 
liaritv.  They  have,  indeed,  but  too  well- 
founded  reafon  to  dread  the  Europeans ; 
for  during  the  revolutionary-war,  many 
of  them  fuffered  from  their  haplefs  credu- 
lity, having  been  left  the  difconfolate 
vi^ims  of  uiofe  men  whom  they  had  fo 
gentrouily  fele£led  for  lovers   and  huf- 


435 


baAds  £  it  may  be  owing  to  this  very 
conilderation,  and  the  fiequent  mention 
in  the  London  papers  of  divorces  and 
elopements,  that  the  Americans  wrong/* 
fully  imagine  all  Ensliihmen  to  be  un- 
principled, and  Eugliin  women  indifcreet 
and  immodeil: — a  molt  erroneous  and 
Illiberal  prejudice,  like  all  other  Jiational 
ones  J  for  every  candid  and  judicious 
traveller  or  foreigner  acquainted  with 
England,  muft  be  fcnfible  of  the  irre- 
proachable charafler  and  amiable  demea- 
nour  of  its  lovely  females  in  generaK  It 
It  not  extremely  unjuft  and  haaandous  to 
judge  of  the  many  by  the  few  ?  yet  this 
is  a  common  praftice,  efpccially  where 
War  has  contributed  to  loofcn  the  bonds 
of  amity,  and  to  rivet  the  odious  linki 
of  national  enmity  and  jealoufy. 

There  are  feveral  country  houfes  in  the 
Englife  ftylc  in  the  vicinity  of  PhiladeL. 
phia,  which  recalled  to  memory  the  plea- 
fant  banks  of  the  Thames !  the  refem* 
biaoce  is  the  moft  ftriking  along  the 
gentle  meanders  of  the  •SchnyBsil,  orha*> 
mented  with  fome  elennt  feats  and 
eardens,  furrounded  with  vtrdvre  aad 
finely  cultivated  fiums. 

Sauntering  one  evening  with  fome  Ea^ 
glifhmen  upon- the  ouays  on  the  Delawat«^ 
we  were  not  a  little  fiirprifed*  at  the  dtf« 
cmbarkatioiv  of  a  very  iingolar  cargo— 
no  lefs  than  that  of  500  Irilh  emignurts 
-^(eeminglv  in  a  wretched  plight  1-  their 
vacant  and  forlorn  looks,  fquaHd  and 
fickly  appearance,  and*  tattered  apparel^ 
foificiently.  indicated  their  poverty,  long 
voyage,  and  crowded  ftowage :  and  what 
was  more  than  probable-^-dieir  mean  and 
fcanty  fare.  ^  It  was,  however,  Toothing, 
to  obferve  the  mutual  coitgratulations  of 
the  poor  wanderers  on  their  fafe  arrival 
on  terra  firma — a  land  as  it  were  ftretch- 
ing  out  its  expanded  and  friendly  arms  to 
receive  the  diftreiled  outcafls  that  annually 
quit,  by  thoufands,  the  pai^ent  countriest 
(witneis  the  amazing  emigration  of  late 
years  from  Great  Britain,  Ireland,  Hol- 
land, Germany,  and  France.)  Among 
the  number  were  fome  decent-looking 
people — farmers  and  their  families — at- 
tracted to  America  by  the  hopes  of  pur- 
chaiing  lands  at  a  cheap  rate,  and  evading 
grlndiiig  taxes  and  tythes ;  for  fo  they 
honellly  informed  us.  This  cla&  of  la- 
borious hulbandmen  from  Europe,  has  of 
late  very  confiderably  (h*engthenca  the  iiw 
terior  of  the  ftates  from  Vermont  to  Geor- 


I 


ia :  whilil  the  poorer  fort  gemrally  m< 

cnture  themfeives  as  fervauts  for  a  term 

of  years  hi  the  country  to  the  faimers,  or 

to  the  trades-people  in  the  towns. 

[To  be  ccntinued  ] 


(    436    ) 


WALPOLIANA; 

Or  BonS'Mots^  Jpophthegtns^  Ohfervations  on  Life  and  LiUrature^  with 
Extra^s  from  Original  Letters 
OF  THE  LATE  HORACE  PTALPOLEy  EARL  OF  ORFORD. 


NUMBER    IV. 


IXI.   EXTRACTS  PROM  LETTERS. 

Farce. 

"  Ti^R*.  O'Kecfe  has  brought  our  au- 
iVJL  dlences  to  bear  with  extrava- 
cance :  and  were  there  not  fuch  irrcfifli- 
ble  humour  in  his  utmoll  daring,  it 
would  be  impoflible  to  deny  that  he  has 
paflcd  even  beyond  the  limits  of  nonfenfe 
—but  I  confine  this  approbation  to  his 
Jgreeable  Surprife.  In  his  other  pieces 
there  is  much  more  untempered  nonfenfe 
than  humour.  Even  that  favourite  per> 
formaace  I  wondered  that  Mr.  Colmaa 
slarcd  to  produce.'' 

LXii.  Dramatic  Choral ers. 
"  Your  remark,  that  a  piece  full  of 
Marked  charaflers  would  be  void  of  na- 
ture, is  mod  jult.  This  is  fo  ftrongiy  my 
ppinion,  that  I  thought  it  a  great  fault 
in  Mifs  Bumey's  Cecilia,  though  it  has  a 
thoufand  other  beauties,  that  ihe  has  la- 
boured  far  too  much  to  make  all  her  per- 
ibnages  talk  always  in  charaaer.  Where- 
aa  in  the  prefent  refined,  or  depraved, 
Ibte  of  human  natuie,  moft  people  en- 
deaYour  to  conceal  their  real  charafler, 
not  to  difplay  it.  A  profefTional  man,  as 
a  pedantic  Fellow  of  a  College,  or  a  Sea- 
man,  has  a  phara6leriflic  diale^k;  but 
that  is  very  diiFerent  from  continually 
lettinig  outhh  ruling  palfion.'* 

LXiii.  S$iig-nioriti9g. 
**  I  have  no  more  talent  for  writing  a 
long,  than  for  writing  an  ode  Rkc  D^'- 
den's  or  Gray's.  It  is  a  talent  per  y?, 
and  given  like  every  other  branch  of  ge- 
nius, by  Nature  alone.  Poor  Shenftone 
was  labouring  through  hi^  whole  life  to 
write  a  perfe&  fong — and,  in  my  opinion 
at  leaft,  never  fucceeded — ^not  better  th?n 
Pope  did  in  xSt.  Cecilian  ode.  I  dcubt 
not  whether  we  have  not  gone  a  Icngi 
long,  way  beyond  iHe.  pofTijSility  of  writ- 
ing a  goixi  Idne^.,'!'  All  the  words  in  tKe 
language  have  been  fo  often  cnVployH  on' 
fimple  images,  (witliout  which  n  jong 
cannot  be  good  j)  and  fuch  reans  of  b^d 
verfes  have  been  |M-oduced  in  that  kinij  •. 
that  I  queftion  whether  true  fimplicif5^it- 
felf  cmild  pleafe  now.  At  leaft  we  are 
rm  likely  to  have  wiy  fuch  thing.  Our 
prcfent  choir  of  Poetic  Viigitis  wrlM  in 
the  other  cxtren:e.  They  colour  their 
compoiitions  lb  hii^hly  with  choice  and 


dainty  phrafes,  that  their  own  drelfes  are 
not  more  fantaftic  and  romantic.  Their 
nightingales  make  as  many  divifions  as 
Italian  fingers. — But  this  is  wandering 
from  the  fubjefl :  and  while  I  only  m»nt 
to  tell  vou  what  I  coud  not  do  myfelff 
I  am  telling  yoi4  what  others  do  ill.'* 

LXiv.  Poetic  Epochs, 
"  I  will  yet  hazard  one  other  opinion» 
tho'  relative  to  compofition  in  general. 
There  are  two  periods  favourable  to  poets 
—a  rude  age,  when  a  genius  may  hazard 
any  thing,  and  when  nothing  has  been 
foreftalled.!  The  other  is  when,  after  aget 
of  barbarifm  and  incorre^ioh,  a  matter 
'  or  two  produce  models  formed  by  purity 
andtafte.  Virgil,  Horace,  Boileau,  Cor- 
neille,  Racine,  Pope,  exploded  the  liccn* 
tioufnefs  that  reigned  before  them.  What 
happened?  Nolx^y  dared  to  write  in  con- 
tradition  to  the  feverity  eftabliflied  j  and 
very  few  had  the  abilities  to  rival,  their 
mailers.  Infipldity  enfues:  novelty  !• 
dangerous ;  —  and  bombaft'  ufurps  tke 
throne,  which  had  been  debafed  by  a  racf 
of  Faineants^''* 

LXV.  Criticifm. 
**  It  is  prudent  to  confult  others  be* 
fore  one  ventures  on  publication — Irat 
every  fingle  perfon  is  as  \y^\At  to  be  er- 
roneous as  an  author.  An  elderly  inan# 
as  he  gains  experience,  acqumes  prcjii* 
dices  too:  nay  old  age  ha*  generally  two 
faults — it  is  too  quick-fightcd  into  the 
faults  of  the  time  being;  and  too  blind 
to  the  faults  that  reigned  in  his  own 
youth;  which  having  partaken  of,  or 
having  admired,  though  injudicioully,  be 
recolie^s  with  complaifance/^ 

L  X  V  r .  Dramatic  CompoJiMK. 
**  I  confefs  too  that  there  miifl  be  two 
*dift?n6t  views  in  writers  for  the  flage  ;  one 
of  which  is  more  allowable  to  than  tkan 
to  other  authors.  The  one  is  SerMg 
fmnc — the  other,  peculiar  to  dramatic 
authors^  tBc  *vuiv  oj'jcriting  to  the  prefect 
tajhy  (and  perhaps,  as  you  &y,  to  the 
level  of  the  audience.)  I  do  not  mean 
for  tfce  fake  *o/  profit — ^bat  even  high 
comedy  muft  riik  a  little  of  its  imroor- 
tality  by  confulting  the  ruling  tafte.  And 
thcscc  a  comedy  always  lofes  fome  of  its 
beauties,  the  tranficnt — and  Tome  of  its 
iDtcliigtbility.    Ilika    its  harihcr   £i^er, 

Satifv, 


JValpd,9na^  No.  IV. 


437 


Satire,  manyof  itsallufionsmuftv.inifh,  my  father/'  He  was  confciou*  that  it 
&s  the  objefts  it  aims  at  con*e£Hng  ccafc  was  a  delicate  matter  to  mention  him. 
to  be  in  vogue — and  periiaps  that  cel- 
liition,  the  natuial  deith  ot  i'afhion,  is 
ot'icn  afcribed  by  :*n  author  to  hiss  own 
rfproofg.  Ladies  would  have  left  oiF 
patching  on  the  whig  o:  id-y  lidc  of  their 
face,  tno  Mr.  Addiibn  had  not  writ- 
ten hi«  excellent  SpeAator.  Probablj 
even  they  who  might  be  corrcflcd  by  his 
reprimand,  adopted  Ibme  nV?w  diftin<ition 
as  ridiculous*  i  not  difcovering  that  his 
fatlre  wa:,  levelled  at  their  partial  animo- 
fity,  anti  not  a^  the  moueor  placing  their 
patches — tor  unfortunate iy,  as  thi;  world 
cannot  l.e  cured  of  being  foolilh,  a 
preacher  who  eradicates  one  tbliy,  does 
but  make  toova  for  fomc  other/' 


LXVII.      TR.'^GEDY  AND  COMEDY. 

The  critics  generally  conlidcr  a  u*a- 
rcvly  as  th'j  noxt  e^brt  of  the  mind  to  an 
epic  p^'ftn.  For  my  part  I  cftlmatc  the 
oilficuiLy  uf  writingva  good  corac«Jy  to  be 
greater,  than  that  of  compofmg  a  good 
tagcJy.  Not  only  equal  genius  is  re- 
qiwcd ;  but  a  comedy  demands  a  more 
\i. 'common  aflembi'ge  of  qualities- 
knowledge  of  the  wund,  wit,  good  fcnfe, 
kz,  and  tneic  qua.* lies  fuperadded  to 
tnofc  rtrqulfite  for  tragical  compofltion. 

Congrcve  is  faid  to  have  written  a  co- 
medy at  eighteen.  It  may  b»: — fur  I  can- 
not lay  ^hat  he  has  any  characleriitic  ot* 
a  co;!;ic  writer,  except  wit,  which  may 
fpiu'lcle  bright  at  that  age.  His  charac- 
ters ai-e  feldom  genus.ie — and  his  plots 
are  fomctimes  fitter  for  tragedy.  Mr. 
Sheridan  is  one  of  the  mod  per&^l  comic 
writers  I  know,  and  unites  the  molt  un- 
common qualities — his  plots  are  fuiSci- 
cntlydcep,  without  the  clumfy  intagle- 
mcnt,.  and  muddy  profundity,  of  Con- 
grevc — chambers  ftriftly  in  nature— wit 
without  affe^ation.  What  talents  !  The 
complete  orator  in  the  fenate,  or  in  Wcft- 
minfter-hall — and  the  excellent  dramatift 
in  t!ic  moll  difficult  prov  ince  of  the  dramal 

LXVin.      OMISSIONS  NOT  ALWAYS 
LAPSES. 

Lord  •  ♦  •  •  did  a  fhocking  job  for 
which  my  father  was  blamed.  There  is 
a  filly  and  falfc  accoimt  of  it,  in  the  laft 
edition  of  the  Biographia,  in  a  life  of 
him  by  bifhop  •  •  •  •  his  fon.  I  had 
foriyotten  lord  *  •  •  •  in  the  Catalogue 
of  Royal  and  Noble  Authors  ;  when  this 
was  obftMTved  to  me  I  waited  on  lord 
•  •  •  •  his  fon,  and  begged  a  lift  of  his 
father's  works,  apologizing  at  the  fame 
time  for  the  omirtion.  His  lordfhip 
faid  "  Sir  I  beg  you  will  not  mention 


LXIX.      IMPOSITIONS* 

Acute  and  fenfibie  people  are  ofti»  tht 
moit  cafily  deceived.  A  deceit,  of  which 
it  may  be  faid,  *♦  It  is  impolTiblcfor  aoy 
one  to  dare  it,"  always  fucceeds. 

LXX.      RBVOLTJTIONS. 

Good  men  are  nejrer  concerned  in  revo- 
lutions, becaufe  they  will  not  go  the 
lengths.  Sunderland  cauled  the  revoJti- 
tion  of  1688,  while  Devonfhire  flood 
aloof— the  latter  was  the  angel,  the  for- 
mer  the  ftorm.  Bad  men,  and  poifonout 
plants,  are  fbmettme«  of  fuperlativ«  ufe 
in  fkiilful  hands. 

LXXI.      APPLAUSE  THE  NURSE  OF 
GENIUS. 

One  quality  I  may  fafely  arrogate  to 
myfelf :  I  am  not  affraid  topraijt.  Many 
aie  fuch  timid  judges  of  cocfipobtion,  that 
they  hefitate,  aad  wait  for  the  public 
opinion.  Shew  tliem  a  manulcript, 
though  they  highly  approve  ii  in  their 
hcai'ts,  they  are  affraid  to  commit  them- 
fclves  by  fpcakingout.  Several  excellent 
works  have  perifhed  from  this  cauie  j  a 
writer  of  r«al  talents  being  often  a  mere 
fcnfitive  plant  with  regai-d  to  bis  own  prp- 
duflions.  Some  cavils  of  Mafon  (how 
inferior  a  poet  and  judge  1)  had  almolt  in- 
duced Giay  to  deftroy  his  two  beautiful 
and  fublime  odei.  Wc  fUould  not  only 
praifc,  but  hailen  to  praiie. 

.    LXXII.      FRENCH  TRAGIiDY. 

•  I  have  printed  at  Srrnwherry  Hill  the 
Cemetie  FcfiaUy  a  tragedy  by  thcprtfideat  • 
Henault.  It  is  'i-ather  a  dramatic  poem 
than  8  drama — like  the  other  French  tra- 
gedies. The  word  tlrama  is  derived,  I 
believe,  from  a  Greek  woid  figAiiying /a 
aSt.  Now  in  the  French  tragedies  there 
is  little  or  no  n3ioH\  and  they  are  in 
truth  mere  dramatic  poems,  com  poled 
wholly  of  conflifts  of  inreretU,  paflions, 
aad  fcntimcntsj  expreflcd,  not  in  the 
language  of  nature,  but  in  that  of  de» 
clamation;  Hence  thei'e  interefts,  paf- 
fions,  and  fentiments,  leem  all  overtrained, 
and  bars  de  la  nature. 

I  do  not  mean  to  deny  juft  praife  to 
Corneilleand  Racine— but  their  merit,  like 
that  of  Metaflafio't  Operas,  is  of  a  peci\- 
liar  kind.  It  is  not  dramatic y  not  pity 
and  terror  moved  by  incident  and  aaicn^ 
—but  an  intereft  created  by  perplexity, 
mental  confli£l,  and'  fituation.  An 
Italian,  an  £n]^t(hman,  a  German,  ex- 
pcfc^s  foraething  very  different  in  a  drama, 
real  a6Hon,  ai^  frequent  incident. 

Lsuriit. 


438 


Walpoliana^  ^o.  IV* 


hXtllU    ON  «KACI  IN  COUFOSITfON. 
A  LETTER. 

JyntlS,  1785- 
{To your  book,  fir,  I  am  much  oUIiged 
on^  many  accounts,  p&rtknlarly  for  hav- 
ing lYcalkd  my  mind  to  lubjcAs  of  de- 
Kght»  to  which  it  was  grown  dulled  by 
age  and  ind<^ence.    In  confcQUcnce  of 
your  reclaiming  it,  I  aikcd  myielf  whence 
yofi  fed  Ho  much  diiregard  for  ccruin  au- 
thf»rs  whafe  fame  is  eftabliflied.     Yoa 
have  aifigned  good  reafons  for  withhold- 
ing your  approbation  from  fome,  on  the 
pka  of  their  being  imitatots — it  was  na- 
tural then,  to  aflc  my&lf  9gain,  whence 
th^  had  obtained  fo  much  ctrlebiitv  ?    I 
think  I  have  difcovered  a  cauie,  which  I 
do  not  remember  to  have  feen  noted  ;  and 
ihmi  cauie  I  fufpc^l  to  have  been,  that  cer- 
ftaio  of  thoie  authors  poilcfled  grace-— do 
Slot  take  me  for  a  difciple  of  Lord  Chef- 
terfieid,  nor  imagine  that  I  mean  to  ei'e6l 
grace  into  a  capital  ingredient  of  writing 
--4>ttt  I  do  believe  that  it  is   a  perfume 
that  will  prefervc  from  pulrefaftlon  ;  and 
isdiftin£l  even  from  ftylc,  which  regards 
exfreff*6n\  grace  I  think  belongs  to  man- 
Her,     It  is  from  the  chaim  of  gr£ce  that 
1  believe  fome  authors,  not  in  your  Fa- 
^rour,    obtained  part  of   their    renown. 
Virgil  in  particular — and  yet  I  am  far 
from  difsigrceing  with  you  on  his  fubjeA 
in  general.     There  is  fuch  a  dearth  of  in- 
vention in  the  .^Bneid  [and  when  he  did 
invent,  it  was  often  fo  fooliikly]  ;  fo  little 
good  fenfe,  fo  little  variety,  and  fo  little 
power  over  the  paflions,  that  I  have  fire- 
4)ueBtly  tfaid,  from  contem^  for  his  mat- 
ter, and  from  the  charm  ot  his  harmony, 
that  I  believe  I  ibould  like  his  poem  bet- 
ter»  if  I  was  to  hear  it  repeated,  and  did 
not  onderftand  Latin.    On  the  other  hand 
be  has  more  than  harmony ;  whatever  be 
titters  is  faid  gracefully,  and  he  enoblcs 
hit  images,  efpecially  in  the  Georeics, 
or.  at  leaft  it  is  more  fenfible  there  from 
the  humilitv  of  the  fubje^t.     A  Roman 
farmer  mignt  not  iindcrftand  his  diftion 
in.  agriculture— but  he  made  a  Roman 
courtier  upderftand  farming,  the  farming 
of  that  ace  f  and  coud  captivate  a  lora 
of-  AttguSus^s  bedchamber,  and  tempt 
bim.to  liilen  to  themes  of  rufticity.    Sta- 
tiuaaad  Ciaudian,  though  talking  of  wSu-, 
wwild  make  a  feklier  dcfpife  them  as 
builaes.    That  graceful  manner  o£  think- 
ing in' Virgil  ftems  to  me  to  be  more  than 
ftyJe,  if  I  do  not  refine  too  much  {  and 
1  admire,    I    coniefs,    Mr.   Addtibn-s 
phrale*  that  Virgii  tofled  about  his  dung 
with  an  air  of  maMly.    A  Ayle  may  be 
cxceUufr  wttbotti  gs9co->for  wftance.  Dr. 


Swift*a.  Eloquepce  may  beftqw  an  iro- 
mortal  ftylc,  and  one  of  more  dignity  j 
yet  eloquence  may  want  that  eafe,  that 
genteel  air  that  flows  from,  or  conllitutet, 
grace,  Addifon  himfelf  was  raafter  01 
that  gi-ace,  even  in  his  pieces  of  humour, 
anci  which  do  not  owe  their  merit  to  ftylc; 
and  from  that  combined  lecret  he  excelU 
all  men  that  ever  lived,  but  Shakefpeare, 
in  humour,  by  nevsr  dropping  inio  an 
approach  towards  burkfque  and  but- 
foonery,  even  when  his  humour  defcended 
to  chara£lcrs  that  in  any  other  hands 
would  have  been  vulgarly  low.  Is  it  not 
clear  that  Will  Whimble  was  a  ^tie- 
man,  though  he  always  lived  at  a  diftance 
from  good  company  ?  Fitlding  bad  as 
much  humour  perhaps  as  Addilbn;  but 
having  no  idea  of  gi-ace,  is  perpetually  dif- 
gnding.  His  innkeeper*  and  parfons  are 
the  grofleft  of  their  profc/fion;  and  \m 
gentlemen  are  awkward  when  diey  ftioud 
be  at  their  eafe. 

The  Grecians  had  grace  In  every  thing, 
in  poetry,  in  oratory,  in  ftatuary,  in  ar- 
chite6Viire,  and  probably  in  mufic  and 
painting.  The  Romans,  it  is  tmc,  wtrc 
their  imitators;  but  having  grace  too, 
imparted  it  to  their  copies,  which  gave 
them  a  merit,  that  almoft  raifes  them  to 
the  rank  of  originals.  Horace's  Odn 
acquired  their  fame,,  no  doubt,  from  tbe 
graces  of  his  manner  and  purity  of  his 
Itylej  the  chief  praife  of  Tibullus  and 
Propertius,  who  certainly  cannot  boaft  of 
more  meaning  than  Horace's  Odes. 

Waller,  whom  you  profcribc,  fir,  ow?d 
his  reputation  to  the  graces  of  his  man- 
ner, though  he  fi-equently  ftumbled,  and 
even  fell  flat :  but  a  few  of  his  finall 
pieces  are  as  gracefull  as  poflible:  oae 
might  fay,  that  he  excelled  in  painting 
ladies  in  enamel,  but  could  not  fuccod 
in  portraits  in  oil  large  as  life.  Milton 
had  fuch  fuperior  mcnt,  that  I  will  only 
fay,  that  it  his  Angels,  his  Satan,  and 
his  Adam,  have  as  much  dignity  as  the 
Apollo  Belvedere,  his  Eve  has  all  Ac  it^ 
licacy  and  graces  of  the  Venus  of  Mcdic^ 
as  his  defcription  of  Eden  has  the  colour- 
ing of  Albano.  Milton's  tenckmefs  iis- 
prmts  ideas  as  gracefull  as  Guido's  Ma- 
donnas ;  and  the  Allegro,  Penfen>f«,  and 
Comus,  might  be  denoted  firom  the'dute 
Graces}  as  the  ItaliaM  give  iingii^ 
titles  to  two  or  tbrecof  Petmchs  bed 
fonneu. 

Cowley,  I  thiak»  would  have  bad  ^sce 
(for  his  mind  was  pracoail)  ifbc  had  hid 
any  ear,  or  if  bis  ufte  had  not  beoi  ri- 
tiatcd  by  the  purfbit  of  witj  which, 
when  it  dots  not  offer  iticlf  naturally,  de- 

generaiel 


JValpoRana^  No.  Vf^^^Grace  in  Compo/tticn. 


439 


generates  iftto  tinfel  or  pertnefs.  Pert- 
nefs  is  the  miftaken  afFeaa'tion  of  grace> 
as  pedantry  produces  erroneous  dignity  : 
the  familiar  it}'  of  the  one;  and  ^he  clum- 
finefs  of  the  other,  diftort,  or  prevent, 
grace.  Nature,  that  fiimi/hes  famplts  of 
a!l  qualities,  and  in  the  fcale  of  grada- 
tion exhibits  all  poflible  (hades,  affords 'us 
types  that  are  more  appofite  than  w6rds. 
The  eagle  is  fublime,  the  lion  majeftic, 
the  fwan  graceful,  the  monkey  pert,  the 
bear  ndicuiouiiy  awkward.  I  mention 
thefe  as  more  expreflive  and  comprehenfive 
tlon  I  coud  make  definitions  of  my  mean- 
ing j  but  I  will  apply  the  fwan  only,  un- 
der whofe  wings  I  will  flicker  an  apology 
for  Racine,  whofe  pieces  give  me  an  idea 
of  that  biid.^The  colouring  of  the  i'wan  is 
pure»  hib  attitudes  are  mceful,  he  never 
difpleafes  you  when  failing  on  his  proper 
eleriient.  His  feet  may  be  ugly,  his  notes 
hiifing  not  muiical,  his  walk  not  natural ; 
he  can  foar,  but  it  is  with  difficulty.  Still 
the  ifflprefFion  the  fwan  leaves  is  that  of 
grace— fi)  docs  Racine. 

fioileau  may  be  compared  to' the  dog, 
whofe  fagacity  is  remarkable,  as  well  as 
its  fawning  on  its  mafter,  and  its  fnarling 
at  thofe  it  diflikes.  If  Boilcau  was  too 
auilere  to  admit  the  pliability  of  grace, 
he  compenfatcs  by  fenfe  anj  propriety. 
He  is  like  (for  I  will  drop  animals)  an 
upright  magiftrate  whom  you  refpeft; 
but  whofe  juftice  and  fcverity  leave,  an 
awe,  that  difcourages  familiarity.  His 
copies  uf  the  ancients  may  be  too  fervile — 
but  if  a  good  tranflator  dcfcrve  praifc,  Boi- 
jau  deferves  more  :  he  certainly  does  not 
ml  below  his  originals ;  and,  confidering  at 
what  period  he  wrote,  has  greater  merit 
M[,  By  his  imitations  he  held  out  to 
his  countrymen  models  of  tafle,  and  ba- 
nilhed  totally  the  bad  tafte  of  his  predc- 
cdfors.  For  his  Lutrin,  replete  with  ex- 
cellent poetry,  wit,  humour,  and  fatire, 
iic  certainly  was  not  obliged  to  th«  an- 
cients. Excepting  Horace,  how  little 
idea  had  either  Greeks  or  Roman$  of  wit 
4ud  humour  !  Ariftophanes  and  Lucian, 
compared  with  modems,  were,  the  one  a 
blackguard,  the  other  a  buffoon.  In  my 
eyes,  the  Lutrin,  the  Difpeufary,  and  the 
Kape  of  the  Lock,  are  ftandards  of  grace 
Vii  elegance,  not  to  be  paralleled  by  an- 
tiquity ;  and  eternal  reproaches  to  Vol- 
taire, whofe  indelicacy  in  the  Pucelle  de- 
graded him  at  much,  when  compared 
with  the  three  authors  I  have  named,  a» 
his  H«nriade  leaves  Virgil,  and  even  Lu- 
can,  whom  he  more  refembles,  by  far 
bis  fuperiors.  .The  Dunciad  is  blemilhed 
^y  the  offenfive  images  of  the  game$,  but 
MOMTHLY  MACr  No.  XXXIX. 


the  poetry  appears  to  me  admirable  5  and 
tho'  the  fourth  book  has  obfcuritics,  I 
prefer  it  to  the  three  others.  It  has  de» 
icriptions  not  furpaOed  by  any  poet  that 
ever  exifted  5  and  which  furely  a  writer 
merely  ingenious  will  never  equal.  The 
lines  on  Italy,  on  Venice,  oh  Convents, 
have  all  the  grace  for  which  I  contend,  at 
diftin£l  from  poetry,  tho*  united  witli  tbt 
moft  beautifull  ^  and  the  Rape  of  the 
Lock,  befides  the  originality  of  great  part 
of  the  invention,  l»  a  ftandard  of  grace- 
ful writing. 

In  general  I  believe  that  what  I  cill 
gracef  is  denominated  elegance  j  but  hy 
grace  I  mean  (bmcthing  higher.  I  will 
exphin  myielf  by  inftances  j  Apollo  is 
graccfiill.  Mercury  elegant. 

Petrarch  perhaps  owed  his  whole  merit 
to  the  harmony  of  his  numbcfrs,  and  the 
graces  of  his  ftyle.  They  conceal' hit 
poverty  of  meaning,  and  want  of  variety. 
His  complaints  too  may  have  added  an 
intereft,  which,  had  his  palMon  beeniuc- 
cefsfull,  and  had  expreflfed  itfelf  with 
equal  famenefs,  would  have  made  the  num- 
ber of  his  fonnets  infupportable.  Melan- 
choly in  poetry  I  am  inclined  to  think  con- 
tributes to  grace,  when  it  it  not  difgraccd 
by  pitiful  lamentations,  fuch  as  Ovid*t 
and  Cicero's  in  their  banifliments.  We 
refpcft  melancholy,  liccaufe  it  imparts  a 
fimilar  affcflion,  pity.  A  gay  writer, 
who  ihould  only  exprefs  fatisfaf^ion  with- 
out variety,  would  foon  be  naufeous. 

Madame  de  Sevigne  fliines  both  in  grief 
and  gaiety.  There  is  too  much  of  for- 
row  for  her  daughter's  abfence ;  yet  it  it 
always  expr.eff(^  by  new  turns,  new 
images  ;  and  often  by  wit,  ifi'faofe  tender- 
nefs  has  a  melancholy  air.  When  flie  for- 
gets her  concei-n,  and  returns  to  her  na- 
tural difpofition,  gaiety,  everv  paragraph 
has  novelty :  her  alluiions,  her  applica- 
tions, are  the  happieft  poflible.  She  ha* 
the  art  of  making  you  acquainted  with 
all  her  acquaintance;  and  attaches  jrott 
even  to  the  fpots  the  inhabited .  Her  lan- 
guage is  con-e^^,  tho'  uniludied ;  and  when 
her  mind  is  full  of  any  great  event,  (he  in- 
terefts  you  with  tHe  waimth  of  a  dramatic 
writer,  not  with  the  chilling  impartiality 
of  an  hiftorian.  Pray  read  her  accounts 
of  the  death  of  Tm-enne  and  of  the  ar- 
rival of  K.  James  in  France,  and  tell  xne 
whether  you  do  not  know  their  pcrfont, 
as  if  you  had  lived  at  the  time.  For  my 
part,  if  vou  will  allow  me  a  word  of  dx* 
greflton  (not  tliat  I  have  written  with  any 
method),  I  bate  the  cold  impartiality  re- 
commended to  hiHon^ns  i  ^  tuts  mg  flfrfm 
doUndum  tfi  irim^  ^  /9^«-bttj^  that  t 

sL  mi 


440 

may  not  wao^cr  tg«iii,  nor  tlrt#  nor  con- 
tra«ii£l  you  any  more,  I  will  finifh  now : 
and  fliall  be  elad  if  you  will  dine  it 
Strawberry-Hni  next  Sunday,  and  take  a 
hcd  then:  i  when  I  wiU  tell  you  how  many 
more  part«  of  your  book  have  pleaded  me, 
dUn  &%ve  ftartkd  my  opinions,  or,  per- 


Je  count  rfSclilkf. 


hap6,  prejuifSc0rl    1 4A»  tx,  yt^uf  obeJI^ 
ent  humbk  lervaot,     Hok.  WAtPOL$. 

P.  S.  Be  (b  good  at  to  let  me  know, 
by  a  line  b v  tbe  poft  to  Su^wberrj-Hill, 
whether  I  mall  havt  the  plcafun  «t  fecii^ 
yoii  on  Sunday. 


ORIGINAL  ANECDOTES,  LETTERS,  &c. 


Ctaracf iridic  Account  cf  Foreign 
Litiratu 

SCHILLER# 

THIS  di^matic  writer  haft  acquired 
an  uncommon  degiee  of  ctlcbfity, 
tt  well  amon^  the  German*  as  the  Eng- 
tilh.  None  of  his  performance*  havt 
efciped  i\\t  lalh  of  criticifm,  which,  per- 
ha^>«,  never  has  been  more  juflly  infllfted 
than  upon  hi»  eccentric  compofitions. 
It  wilt  her.ce  ^  undcrftood,  that,  in  ^ 
mum  country,  particularly  among  critics 
who  ccnbiikf  a  correck  tallc  with  a  judi- 
eiout  arran^ment  of  fafts— fa£>«  founded 
upon  the  purify  of  moral    motives— he 

Kldi  but  a  Aiddlc  rank.  polinonf  bear  tlie  Itamp  ot  gnat  genius, 

SCHILLKR  is  a  native  of  Stutgard,  the    Aippoited  by  m  hrUliant  and  ftttile  ima- 
€Sipital  of  the  d\U chy  of  Wurtcmbcrg, 
bom  m  1 760.     As  hin  father  was  an  of- 
ficer in  the  army  of  the  late  reigning 


the  beft  thtatret  in  Gtttout^^  aaid  inim 
well  fupportcd  by  the  dramatic  taknts  of 
Beek  and  Iftnd,  two  cxccUettt  per- 
formers X  the  tatter  of  whom  has  alto 
writtea  a  coafiderable  number  of  good 
plays,  amounting  to  25  at  leaft^  with 
the  various  merits  of  which,  hi*  coustry- 
men  arc  well  acquAittttd. 

ScHiLLkit^s  next  performaBoe*  wot 
«•  Cabai  and  Loviy^^  (tranflated  into  Eng- 
lifh  by  Mr.  Lewis,  under  the  titk  of 
"  the  Mintfter  5'*)  <•  Tbi  Con^raty  tf 
Tufa;^  and  «  Dm  Carktr  Each  ef 
thefe  plays,  particularly  the  latter,  mtt 
witl^  a  favourable  reception  on  the  Ga*- 
man  ttage.  It  is,  however,  worthy  of  re- 
mark, that,  though  all  Schillsa'S  cohk 
politionf  bear  ti»e  ftamp  of 


Duke  of  Wurtcmhcrg,  who  had  erctfled 
a  m&tary  aciutemy^  in  imitation  of  that 
fftabiifliMl  at  Berlin,  by  the  late  Great 
Frederiek ;  our  bard  was  naturally  placed 
ilk  thitf  feminary,  where  lie  ftceived  the 
IM  rudiments  of  his  education— by  no 
means  congenial  to  his  talents.  Under 
att  the  di  (advantages  of  a  military  fchool 


ginatioii,  yd  thev  ai^e  neitfler  cakvbted 
to  become  completely  popular,  »or  to 
withftand  the  attacks  01  the  mo§  Icsicnt 
critics.  In  fa6l,  they  are  meteors  oa  the 
German  horizon ;.  they  are  not  only  defi- 
cient in  the  deiigHi  or  arrangcneat  of 
parts,  but  are  likewife  written  to  lb  a« 
travagant,  or  rather  infuriiCed  a  dialogue, 
at  to  excite  the  idea,  that  they  muft  be  ad- 
ed  by  beings  inhabiting  a  ve£v  different 
world  from  that  we  live  in.     Belkles,  the 


he,  howcrer,  foon  diftinguiflied  himielf   ftyle  and  phfafeology  of  SCHiLDClt  can 


ilmong  his  companions^  by  his  metapho- 
rical language  in  converiation,  and  hii 
^tical  turn  in  compofition.     Though 
liie  leader  in  almoft  every  clafs  through 
'whhrh  he  paffed,  his  talents  did  not  rcn* 
'  der  him  the  objcA  of  envy  and  hatred 
'among  his  fehoolfellows ;   for  he  was  a 
pertea  (IrangfT  to  ref5?rve  and  artifice. 

ScHrLLER's  parents  obvioufly  wl(hed 
-him  to  try  his  fortune  in  the  army ;  but 
-hi*  natural  propenfity  to  dramatic  fludics 
\  Idoti  determined  him  to  prefer  the  elegant 
•  pur fu its  of  the  Mufes,  to  the  riotou*  and 
dKRpating  ftenes  of  a  military  life. 


not  be  held  out  as  a  pattern  of  Geiman 
writing,  to  thofe  who  apply  to  the  ftady 
of  that  copious  and  energetic  language. 
The  natives  of  Geimany,  who  haire 
ftudied  their  language  grammatically,  swi 
critically,  are  aMic^ed  in  every  page  of 
bfS  earlier  compofitions,  with  ^rabiao 
and  Bavarian  provinctdifins. 

Soon  aiter  nie  four  dramatic  picccf 
above  mcntioted  bad  made  their  appear- 
smce^  ScHiLLIR  prefented  the  public 
with  a  volume  of  poems,  which  greatly 
tncteaied  hia  icfnitation,  already  efta- 
bliihed  among  a  cer^tn  cfofs  oF  readers, 


We  art?  not  informed  at  what  period  of  who  delight  in  the  marveilons,  and  ^ich, 

Hfe  Schiller   left   Stutgard;    but   ht  not  imdeferWngly,  were  the  means  of  ia- 

miilt  haVe  been  Vtry  young  (perhaps,  not  trodwcin?  him  into  die  higher  circles  of 

twenty  ytrirs  oi  ajte),  when  he  wrote,  at  life.     The  reigning  Dnte  of  Sa»-Wei- 

Manhclm,    hU  famous  tragedy,    «  Thi  mar,  a  true  Maecenas  iii  German  litera- 

XtfA^>.^^  '&l4n2«elA  fheu  poUtfied  one  of  hire,  ia  faLd  to  \ayt  been  fo  much  [^esft^ 
V  *  vritfc 


fFritmgtrfSe^hr. 


Mf 


With  S«IULL|it*s  poems,  tbat  he  ftp- 
pointed  him  one  9f  his  Aulic  CoimfeUohs*, 
and  coaFcrred  on  him  a  prgfeilbrihip  of 
hiHory  and  phUofophy  in  the  univerfity 
of  Jeoa^  Here  he  compcCed  hl«  «  Htftofy 
•f  the  Thirty  Years  War  in  Germaty  j"  a 
work  of  great  merit,  and,  in  the  opinion 
of  fome.  Germsgi^  not  inferior  to  the 
compofitions  of  Livy^  Voltaii-e,  or  Gib- 
bon. This,  however,  is  a  pardonable  pre- 
judice in  faveur  of  ScmtLER,  Anee  hU 
countrymen  cannot  boall  of  many  good 
hiftorians,  and  perhaps  of  none  of  fuperior 
excellence^  or  at  kad  equal  to  Hume  and 
Kohcrtfon.  So  much  is  certain,  that  the 
lift  mentioned  two  writers  greatly  gaip 
in  the  comparifon  with  the  beft  German 
hiftoriansy  namelv,  Halyerlin,  the  two 
Henrys  (Hfinrick),  Schmidt,  Galetti, 
Bucbholz,  Wagner,  and  Baczko. 

The  next  work  of  Schiller*$  i«, 
«  The  Hi/lory  of  the  Netherlands ^  which, 
however,  he  has  not  yet  concluded  i  al- 
though it  was  begun  fcvcral  years  ago.— 
Perhaps,  the  fcvere  criticifms  that  ap- 
peared on  this  work  in  the  German  Re- 
views, have  difcours^ed  him  from  prdfe- 
cuting  this  very  important  fubjeftf . 

A]K>ther  work  of  $CHitLBit*6,  that 
excited  coniiderable  attention  in  Ger- 
many, is  "  The  Hi/ion  of  the  mofi  mm- 
foMe  Con/piracies.  -—BuU  as  a  work  of 
imagination,  difplaying  all  the  powers  of 
invention,  his  "  Ch^fier,"*  may  be 
ranked  among  the  principal  compofitlons 
of  tbat  kind.  It  nas  been  very  imper- 
6^1y  tranllated  into  Engliih ;  and  many 
ibpenicial  readers  have  concluded,  that 
the  genius  of  the  Germans  ftrongly  in- 
cIioe«  to  the  marvelloui  and  romantic, 
brcaufc  tbU  book  was  received  with  fuch 
^ts£i£lion  by  certain  eiafles  of  people  in 
Germany,  that  it  has  been  (evcnral  times 
reprinted  i  though  the  ftrft  part  of  it  only 
was  publiftied  by  the  author.  Another 
writer,  of  inferior  talents,  has  publiflied 

*  This  is  2  mere  title,  attended  with  no 
•ther  emolument  than  that  of  being  called 
HfT  fhjrmhf  inftesd  of  the  fimple  word 
flw-r,  i.  e.  Sir,  or  Mr.-*The  Germans,  how- 
ever, sre  fttll  very  foiyi  of  titles— 4>eiDg  an 
appendage  of  the  M  feudal  fyftem :  and  as 
the  petty  foTORlgns  larely  reward  a  merito- 
'Mas  Utcrvy  aaan  io  a  more  e^^^val  manner 
uan  by  toadinf  him  with  in  cmpey  thle, 
the  fira  charadcrs  in  Germany  arc  rtht&antly 
oUiged  tofubmit  to  this  farcical  mode  of  n- 
warding  littfary  jneiit,  until  a  betur  pro- 
fpcft  opcas, 

t  Meanwhile,  the  Biihop  of  Antwerp  has 
wrUten  a  moft  vaUabk  <<  Ilfi$ry  (f  the  N^ 


afurreptitious  continuation  of  the  ^^Gbofi- 
feer,**  wbkli^  notwithftanding  its  inferi- 
ority, has  met  with  an  unmeriteit  'degree 
gf  (uGcefs. 

ScHiLLBR  now  condufts  a  noonthlj 
pubiication,  which  is  fupported  by  the 
JM  German  writers,  among  whom  we 
find  the  namea  of  DAtBERc,  £ngel\ 
Garve,  Gleim,  Goethe,  Herder, 
HuFELAND,  Humboldt,  Jacobi, 
Mattjusom,  PrsFFEL,  €CIIVTIC,  &c. 
This  clafllcal  Magacine  is  printed^  at 
Tiibingen,  imder  the  title,  *<  Dw  H^zent** 
alluding  to  the  three  gi-aces,  £unomi0t 
Dice,  and  Irene. 

Beiides  thefe  publications,  Sc  hill  en 
is  the  editor  o^  an  annual  poetical  alma- 
nack, (*'  Mii/>n  Almanack,^*)  wliich  ferret 
as  a  vehicle  tor  the  occadonai  eifuiions  of 
young  bards,  who  wiih  to  brii^  their 
poetical  talents  to  the  tdk  before  the  pub* 
lie,  and  to  profit  by  the  previous  critU 
clfms  and  corrections  of  the  editor.  1^ 
this  almanack  he  alfo  communicates  the 
lateft  piodu£lions  of  his  own  mufe. 

Our  poet  is  faid  to  have  diiplayed  Ji 
ftrong  propenfity,  in  his  youth,  to  what* 
ever  had  the  appearance  of  eccentricity^. 
His  dre(^,  his  mode  of  lifei  even  h^s 
courtihips,  were  as  original  as  his  mofile 
of  wi*itmg.  It  is,  however^  not  very 
difiknlt  to  account  for  thefe  peculiarkics. 
If  we  coufider  him  as  a  youth  endpwed 
with  a  fertile  and  aclive  mind,  with  the 
ftrongeft  fen  fat  ions  of  virtue  and  libeitf, 
and,  at  the  (ame  time,  checked  in  bi«  in- 
telleftuai  career,  withijt  the  nart-ow  Mth 
of  a  military  fchool,  where  eveiy  thing 
ipoves  by  the  dimeniions  of  fpace  and 
time;  his  earlier  produflipns,  fuch  as 
"  The  RMerf,''  and  «  TbiCotMrmefrf 
FufcOf^'  are,  in  a  high  degree,  cnarafta*. 
iilic  of  the  (Ituation  and  cireumftances  ia 
which  he  was  placed  at  a  time  of  fUc, 
when  the  human  mind  is  fufceptible  ȣ  - 
the  ftrongell  and  moft  lafttng  imprefiiont. 

We  cannot  fupprels  a  fix^lar  anecdote 
which  forms  an  epocha  m  the  life  of 
Schiller,  As  a  diftinguilhed  favourite 
among  the  fair,  his  couct^ips  in  gencrnl 
were  more  of  the  paflive  than  of  the  aSivc 
kind.  Thus  it  happened,  that  a  young 
lady,  of  rank  and  fortune,  in  the  vici- 
nity of  Jena,  fent  him  an  unexpe^M 
challenge,  by  offering  him  her  hand  at 
the  fldtar  of  Hymen.  Thi«  he  eould  not 
eafily  refufe,  without  bciqg  guilty  of 
great  rudenefs  and  cruelty  }  efpeciaUy  at 
the  enamoured  lady  would  undouhbedly 
have  fallen  a  vi£lim  taaq  afie^ion  whicn 
he  alone  could  n.*li«ve,  and  which  fbc  had 
contra^ed  by  the  ^miU  o|*  hie  poems. 
%L^  lacli 


Mt 


Original  Poetry. 


Such  18  the  power  of  langtiage,  eren  in 
the  dead  letter  of  a  book!  ScHiLLBR 
married  this  frank  and  amiable  la^y,  who 
now  enjoyt  more  favourable  opportuni- 
ties of  ftudying  hi«  chara£ler,    and  of 


teftifyine  her  eftfism  for  his  tafents  anil 

.conjugal    virtues,    than   at  the  forraer 

diftance,  when  reading  his  captivating 

poems «  W. 

liCotzebtie  im  our  next  numbtr.^ 


ORIGINAL    POETRY- 


Vxtittfinttt  a  Lady  vntb  Dr.  Davwik^s 

«  Botamc  GarJtn,^* 
"tyHEN  Eve  walk*d  forth  at  early  hour. 

Her  only  care  was  fruit,  or  flow*r  j 
Vacant  of  fcience  was  her  mlad. 
To  all  the  worM  of  wifdom  blind ; 
From  idlcnefs,  \\tT  heart  (he  fct, 
On  the  firft  prating*  brute  fhe  met— 
I>»  thou,  whom  early  fcnfe  fupplics 
With  ail  that's  good,  and  fair,  and  wife, 
Not  like  unbidden  Eve  of  yore. 
With  furtive  hand,  thcfc  fwects  explore  j 
J     Plu  .c  knowledge  with  each  flow'r  and  fruit, 
Kor  fear  a  tempter  in  a  brute.  R.  L.  £. 

•      SONNET  TO  TRUTH, 
By  Mr.  LuNDiE. 
•T»0  thcfc  fad  eyes,  'mid  wild'ring  mues 
loft, 
Lur'd  oft  by  phantoir.s  veir^  In  garb  like 
thine, 
Wbofe  molds  external    thy  pure    radiance 
boail. 
Yet  but  to  hide  their  inward  darknefs  /hine. 

Thy  form,bleft  fcraph,  fmilc-begirt.  unfold. 
Thy  genuine  namcUfs  graces  bldzun  round  j 

Way  I  thy  fun-eclipfing  charms  behold 

Illume' all  fcenes  in  nature's  ample  bound. 

Hence,  when  mild  Morn  unveils  her  ladlant 

Of  gilds  Eve's  llug'ring  ray  th'  Atlantic 
deep} 
When  Cynthia's  pearly  hoft  begem  the  flcy. 
Or  midnight  filcncc  wraps  the  world  in 
flcepj 
•  Thine  ardent  vot'ry, borne  on  Rapture's  wing. 
In  Fancy's  wildcft  ftrains,  thy  praiie   fliall 
grateful  fing. 
Sottks  o/th*  TiiKed. 

pONNET, 
Tf^ritttn  near  the  River  Dee. 
XX/HERE   rolls  with   rapid    furge   hcarfe 
'' '  Dcva's  flood  i 

O'er  (helving  rocks  that  break  the  foam- 
ing wave. 
On  the  green  bank,  wbofe  margin  fring'd 
with  wood 
The  darksome  torrents  of  the  ri»er  Uve, 
PlcasM,  1  recline,  what  time,  with  weftem 
beam. 
The  orb  of  btav'n  illumines  f  Din-Bran's 
Tow'»— 

*  Miltony  B-  9*   1*  3  54- 
4  .  f  A  ruin,  well  known  to  thoTe  who  Jtav^ 
vilited    Llangollen. 


With  golden  radiance   glows    the  wiodios 
dream ; 
Rich  with  the  rainbow's  varied  hues,  the 
(hower 
Gleams  from  afar ;   the  diftant  village  charcli 
EroboMTT'd  in  gloom,  in  the  fwjuefter'd  vale, 
Peers  o'er  yon  floping  hill,  o'crhung  with 
birch, 
Whofe  light  thin  foliage  wantons  ia  the 
gale.  ^ 
In  fcenes  like  thcfe,  contented  I  could  dwell, 
And  bid,  without  a  figh,  the  world  farewell. 

G. 

To  A  ROBIN. 

H^rittiH  in  tbefe^trefFinter  if  1795- 
pOOR  wand'rcr  I  thou  art  welcome  to  this 
^  fhcd. 

For  thou  haft  home  the  pitilefscoldftonn, 
Felt  the  keen  blaft  on  thy  dcfcncelef*  head, 
And  heard  deftruftion  threat  thy  gentle 
fonn. 
What  though  thy  feeble  wing  now  feeb  its 
reft, 
Where  forrow's  pallid  viaira  finks  fupifiej 
One  genial  glow  Hill  lingers  in  this  bread, 
To  foothe  the  timid  fluttering  of  thine. 
Wrchance,  that  fympathy  may  be  as  fwe^t, 
As  what  feiUvity's  gay  child  could  gite; 
Perchance,  thou  know'il,  no  mercy  gilds  his 
feat, 
Who  never  in  the  tempeft  knew  to  Vvtt. 
Come,  then,  mild  f uff 'rer,  my  cwnpanion  be, 
Life  yet  ihall  know  one  chann,  if  I  cas  bleu 
««e'en  thee. 

To  THE  VIOLET. 

T^OW  winter's  dark  and  cheerlefsmorffiire 

paft. 

And  fol's  warm,  renovating  beams  prtnil; 

As  wand'ring  o'er  the  camroua's  Uicklclf 

wafte,  * 

To  breathe  the  perfumes  wafted  on  the 

g*l«»  .        .  ^x. 

From  golden  furae-blaom,   or  the  pnauwc 

pale, 
I  fpy  thy  aaure  gems,  fo  tewly.  fpread, 
Beneath  (bme  lonely  thorn,  adowa.the  «1«, 
Scarce  rearing  froi*  the  ground  thy  httO* 
Me  head; 
Methinks  m  thcc,  his  hanlefs  fate  I  t«w, 
Who,  ihrinking  from  ieworM^unfetlnj 


Seeks  in  cbfcurity  to  pafs  his  days. 
And,  all  unknown,  fwr  nature's  path  pMl«» 
Till  cruih'd  by  rude   misforlun<f,  and  «« 

prclVd 
By  chillins  peoury,  be  finks  to  «a  I 


Original  Poetry^  by  Qapt.  A&rrts^and  Mr.  Capel  Loft.       44^ 


LIWES 
Wr'ttttn   In   a    Bctver  of   Mr.  Swain soN*i 
Botanle  Garden^  at  Tnoicktnbam, 
By tb< elder  Capt.  Morris. 
T  rERE,  to  enjoy  the  filcnt  and  the  cool» 
•^'*  Sat  one  unknown  among  the  proud  or  gay  j 
Too  wife  was  helo  prove  ambition's  tool', 

Too  dull  to  learn  to  trifle  life  away. 
Now,  in  the  menJUny  now,  tbii  fecret  how^, 

Ten  days  of  quiet  did  the  mufer  fpend  j 
Tbere  Swjinfon's  mirth  beguilM  the  tedious 
hour, 
Here  little  Robin  was  his  gueft  and  friend. 

Pcrch*d  on  his  book,  and  perking  in  his  face. 
The  guilelefs  Redbreaft  fecmM  to  watch 
his  thought: 
Alas !  he.  knew  not  man*s  perfidioui  race, 
By   whofe  allurement    fmipic    birds   are 
caught. 

£*en  man  to  man  but  rarely  is  iinccre; 

The  love  profefs'd  is  interefted  *rt : 
Tho'  heav'n's  bright  image  on  his  brow  appear. 

Yet  honeft  Robin  boafts  a  purer  heart. 
Derp.-ur  not,  Robin,  tho*  I  take  my  flight ; 

The  gen*rous  hoft,  who  oft  hath  Icafted  m«, 
Shall,  for  my  fake,  thy  amity  requite. 

And,  when  he  treats  his  friends,  remember 
thee. 


fyrirten  on  feeing  Mrs.  Sin  dons,  as  Mru 
Hallkb,  in  Th»  Stbancik,  Friday^ 
^%th  of  May\  and  as  Uabilva,  wThc 
Fatal  Marriacc,  Mondaytzltbt  17^%* 

if^  Capel  Lopft,  Efy. 
"^J05    we  may  fpeak  of  others:— but  for 
•^^    theej— 

'Tii  not  in  poetry  or  mortal  voice. 
Thee,  SionoNS,   to  pourtr.»y !— the  fornii 

perhaps, 
Thefe  may  defcrlbe :   the  elevated  mien  5 
The  countenance  of  more  than  humah  air; 
The  awful  eye  5  the  ftature  goddcfs-likc  j 
The  ftep  like  her's  who  above  equal  reigns. 
Queen  of  Homeric  verfe,  and  to  her  charms 
Subdues  th'  all-dreaded  fov'rcign  of  the  flcics. 
But  who  (hall  point  that  energy  of  foul 
Which  animates  the  wonders  of  that  form. 
Beyond  all  colours  radiantly  fublime; 
Breathes  In  each  part,  and  confecrates  the 

whole 
To  virtue,  dignity,  celcftial  grace ! 
Thy  great  idea,  Reynolds,  half  cxprefsM. 
And  here,  could  Fite  re-animate  their  duft. 
Here  Raphael's  felf  pd  Angclo  would  fail. 
E'en  had  they  fciz'd  one  attitude  divine, 
One  look  cxprcflTive  beyond  utterance. 
On  canvas  or  on  deathlefs  marble  fix'd ; 
Yet  more  remains :  while  cver-rarying  powers 
Say,    thou   art  Nature's  j— Art  muft   here 

dcfpair. 
The  poct'f  eye,  in  a  bleft  frcnxy  rolling, 
Afay  range  from  heav'n  to  earth,  from  earth 

to  hcav'n } '        '     ' 
'ftut  never  form  like  thine,  or  look,  or  mien, 
Ifatb  po«C*s  fancy  peacU^d  OA  the  hem* 


O  never,  flowing  wkh  ths -dnU-of  hezy^n, 
Such  changeful  fplendour  Iris  gives  the  fkies. 
As  from  thy  light'ning  countenance  beams 

forth 
Each  moment  new,  and  vivid  beyond  thoughJU 
Thy  foul  infpires  them ;  ours  can  ill  conuin. 
And  if  of  thel'c  fome  image  could  be  given. 

Still,  ftill,  thy  voice that  harmony  whick 

earth 
Wonders  to  call  her  own,  and  lift^nlng  feems 
To  think  the  muAc  of  ch*  imiuorial  (phcre».... 
Benevolence,  and  tendcrnefs,  and  joy, 
A  fadnefs  moft  divine.     Sablimeft  love, 
Andecftacies  that  All  the  foul  with  heav*n. 
Thrill  in  that  voice  through  all  its  faculties. 
But  when  not  e'en  thy  voice  may  touch  tkm 

ear. 
Nor  fupplicate  the  bending'of  that  neck^ 
Nor  thole  extended  arms  call  hcav'n  to  aid  | 
When,  in  the  majcfty  of  ficred  woe. 
In  the  unutter'd  itlllnefs  of  defpair. 
Then,  when  thy  form,  in  an  aftoni/h'4  trance^ 
Stands  like  .1  itatue  j  mottonlefs,  as  dead  ^' 
O  how  unlike  thy  grief  to  other  grid's  I     -^ 
The  mind  fupcrior,  in  itfelf  retir'd 
Awakes  to  reiignation,  holy  hope 
To  fortitude  fuperior  to  all  ills ; 
Smiling  in  pangs  triumphant  over  death* 
Or  muft  thou  paint  the  ruin  of  a  mind. 
Great  is  that  ruin,  and  the  wreck  itfelf 
Bears  witnefs  to  its  prime  fublimity. 
Like  templei,  *mid  their  falling  walls,  pn« 
ferv'd. 

O  HaUer  i  IfaMla  / .....  to  thefe  names^ 
Living  in  thy  adion,  by  thy  voice  fuliiin*d« 
Flll'd  with  the  high  aft'edkions  of  thy  foul. 
Weak  are  all  words ,  and  pow'rlefs  ev'ry  prai/e. 

May  30,  179S. 

UN£S 
On  Valentine's  Day* 
A  GAIN  revolving  time  unfolds  the  day. 
When  each  plum'd  chorilter,  with  hcvt 

cUte, 
Salutes,  O  Nature  !  thy  rcfiftlefs  fway. 
That  re-unites  him  to  his  long  loft  mate. 

See,  from  the  flocks  difpers'd,  yon  happy  pair. 
No  longer  they  the  pendant  willow  feek.) 

To  mourn  divided  love  and  fcafon  dreary 
Or  fly  for  flicker  from  the  froft-wind  bleak. 

What  pleafing  rapture  each  fond  breaft  ii»- 
fptres ! 
Eachftrives  with  each,  as  emulous  to  pro:fe,* 
That  wint'ry  blaHs  ne'er  chill'd  their  warm 
dcfires. 
Or  cool'd  the  embers  of  their  former  love. 
Sweet  birds !  gay  Spring  will  foon  with  foli- 
age deck 
The  laughing  groves,  to  you  a  fafe  retreat  5  • 
There  build,,  nor  fear  your  much  lovM  neft- 
lings  wreck. 
By  plund'ren  wand*ring  withintrufiTe  feet. 
Perhaps  fome    youthful   heart    now  fondly 
throbs, 
An4  feermgi  imw  it's  lictU  breaft  invade, 

•Til 


Original  Poetrf.^.Jitw  Patents. 


*Ti«  Love,  fwctt  ianooenCy  tiijr  boTom  rabt, 
*Tis  t^vei  thy  ftau  of  difcoDteat  hasmadt. 

All  {  da  iwt  mannur  at  (Ky  haplcfs  fiite| 
A  heart  with  corrcfponding  feelings  fraught 

May  fkortly  blefi  thee,  and  a  happier  date 
Difpel  thttfe  feats  that  eager  fancy  wrought. 

Jo  Tain  win  Spring*}  enlivVing  beauties  bloom 
To  him  who  lonely  feeks  the  verdant  grove, 

Whta  filent  thought  depidb  his  mourpfvl 
doom  I 
To  pine  for  ever,  ftrangcr  to  his  loY*. 

Oh !  yet  when  orcUof  p^eafi^cft  round  me 
grow, 
WheB  all  creation  owns  alTe^lon^s  f«^*7f 
^  Breath*,  breath t  my  r«ed»|  the  raptured  ftraiv 
ihali  flow, 
*Tit  Katurc  fpeaka,  let  all  her  font  obey. 
F.  Lajitaff. 


SoNNcr  f  Ercwnre. 

ByK.  CAKLIfLt. 

gVENJKG  !  I  woo  thy  dim  obliTioos  Aid?, 
When  twilight  fpreads  hex  veil  of  mi^ 
hue; 
When  day>  bright  garift  tints  begin  to  6ide, 
And  from  the  dlfhnt  hiUi,  the  vapours  blue, 
la  wreaths  fanuftic,  beauieoufly  afcend  j 
And  while  the  humid  ear:h  exhales  tbe 
dew. 
To  cool,  fequefter'd  haunts,  ny  fteps  I  ben^i 
While  in  the  weft,  where  tiK  bright  fua 
^  withdrew, 
Still  lingers  many  a  ftreak  of  erinibn  glow, 
And  tioti  the  aa ure  face  of  /preadiog  lakc» 
There  blending  foftly  into  tiadowa  gray; 

Thro*  the  overgrown,  and  (oLitary  brake, 
In  penfive  oMiod,  I  .often  love  to  Ihay, 
More  than  amid  the  (Uaet  of  pomp  aod 
ihew. 


NEW    PA' 
Mr.  Cka^man's,    for   a  Machine 

FOR  MAKING  ROPES. 

IN  March  179S,  a  patent  was  granted 
to  Mr.  William  Chapman,  of 
Ncwcftftle  on  Tynr,  for  a  method  of  lay- 
ing, twidlng,  or  making  ropes  or  cordage. 

In  the  common  method  of  making 
cordage,  g  walk,  or  rope  ground,  is  it- 
l|«iilte,  of  an  equal  length  with  the  rope 
or  cable  intended  to  he  made  5  at  each  end 
of  which  ground,  are  hooks,  revoMng 
rownA  their  axis  by  means  of  various  ma- 
xhinarj*,  to  which  the  yams  or  iVrands  of 
vhlch  the  rope  is  formed  arc  fattened,  and 
by  which  tlicy  are  twitted  together.  By 
the  machinery  of  the  patentee,  however, 
a  much  (horter  fpace  is  reqiiifite,  and  the 
whole  proccft  of  the  conftru<Jlion  of  a  ca- 
ble from  the  very  yarn,  is  earried  on  in 
regular  tin  interrupted  fucceflton,  by  the 
fame  machine. 

A  cable  is  compofed  of  three  ftranda 
or  ropes  twitted  together,  and  each  of 
tl>ele  ropes  i«  again  in  like  manner  com* 
^^11^  of  three  ft  rands  or  cords  j  each  cord 
ccniitting  of  a  certain  number  of  yarns. 
A  number  of  coils  of  yam  is  therefore 
procured,  fuflfieient  for  the  conttrufiioo  of 
a  c:\ble,  and  of  a  proper  length,  each  of 
which  is  fixed  on  a  feparate  revolving 
axis.  The  yarns,  as  they  are  deliverwl 
off  the  reel,  aj*e  divided  into  parcel?,  each 
parcel  contaming  threads  lufficient  for 
the  conttni6lion  of  rf  rope  t  the  p;^ reels  of 
,  threads  arc  then  introduced  into  an  equal 
mimbtr  of  (hafts,  which  revolving  on 
their  own  axis,  twift  the  threads  into 
nine  ropea,  coiling  them  up  at  the  fame 
time  into  round  boxes  ;>  each  of  the{e 
boxes  is  then  fct  in  motion,  and  gradually 
delivers  out  its  rope ;  the  ropes  being 
tlieq  divided  into  three  parcels  of  thiec 


TENTS, 

ropes  each,  are  introduced  into  (Kree  re- 
volving (hafts,  by  which  they  are  twift. 
ed  into  three  ihrood  laid  rope^,  and  coiled 
up  as  before.  The  lafl  prooefs  is  perfcftly 
fimilar  to  the  foregoing  one,  by  which  the 
three  (hroud  laid  ropes  are  twtfted  into  a 
three  ftrand  cable.  All  thefe  operations 
may  be  carried  on  at  ^  fame  time  in 
different  parts  of  t!)e  cable,  and  the  whok 
machinery  may  be  worked  by  a  fiogle 
principle  of  motion. 

Mr.  Howell's  Machine  for  hol- 
lowing OR  BORING  WaTERPIPES. 

Ib  May  a  patent  wes  ^nted  to  Nfr . 
John  Howell,  of  Ol'weftry,  Salop, 
coalmatter,  for  an  improved  machine  for 
the  purpose  of  hollowing  or  boring  woodca 
waterrpipcs,  or  aquedu6ls. 

The  ufual  method  of  boring  Is  by  an 
augre,  or  (Imilar  inftrument,  which  cuts 
•yr  the  inner  part  of  the  wood  in  chips 
or  (havings.  The  new  method  is  by  nfing 
a  hollow  iron  cylinder  with  a  circular  faw, 
by  which  means  a  ibjid  cylinder  of  wood 
i^procured)  of  nearly  the  £amc  diameter 
as  the  bore  of  the  pipe,  inftead  of  cutting 
it  up  into  oleleis  (Savings « 

Mr.  Bill's,  for  a  method  or  mac* 
INO  Needles,  Bodkins,  frc. 

In  September  a  patent  was  granted  to 
Mr,  William  Bell*  of  WaUall,  Staf- 
ford, for  a  method  of  inaking  needlei, 
bodkins,  (ifh^hooks,  knitting-pin$,  net- 
ting-needles, and  fail-needles. 

This  new  method  coiiiilia  to  ctAing 
thf  above-tnenttoned  aitides  in  mouMs 
of  fand  or  iron,  intbad  of  makings  theia 
of  wire.  The  Reel,  for  this  purpole*  is 
to  be  purified  by  ftirring  it  wlten  melted, 
with  a  mixture  of  cliarc9al*duft  aqd  limei 
or  coqawoq  faltt 


r  4+5  ] 


VARIETIES, 
LiTiRARY  and  Philosophical  ; 
'  Including  Notices  gf  Works  in  Hand,  Domeftie  and  Foreign^ 
*^*  AKthentie  CanmwtUaeions  fir  tins  jtrticU  Vfiil  aiwtyi  he  tbanifitliy  rttwvtd. 


THE  complete  tnmflation  of  the 
Voyage  of  La  Pe rouse  found 
the  World,  will  be  pubiiihed,  in  the 
cowfe  of  a  frw  days,  by  Mr.  John- 
son, of  St.  Patirs  Church  Yard.  A 
flsOrt  delay  is  occaiioned,  by  the  time 
that  has  been  requidte  to  prepare  the 
immt^rous  plates.  The  courfe  of  La  Pe- 
ftOusE,  in  this  interefting  voya?e,  was 
by  the  route  of  Cape  Horn  to  La  Concep- 
tion in  Chili,  from  thence  .  to  Eafter 
lUand,  the  Sandwich  Iflands,  and  the 
North  Weft  coaft  of  America.  He  then 
iaiieJ  acrofs  the  great  ocean,  in  the  pa- 
rallel of  tlic  trOpic  of  Cancer,  to  Macao, 
thence  to  the  Pliilippines,  Formofa,  and 
through  the  Chinefe  and  Japanefe  feas  to 
Corca,  Chinefe  Tartarv,  the  Iflands  of 
Tchoka  and  Jeflb,  tne  Kuriles  and 
Karafchatka.  From  Kaml'chatka  he 
fteered  in  a  fouth  eall  dircdion  to  the 
Illes  des  Nituigaieurs  and  the  Friendly 
lilands,  and  from  thence  to  Port  Jack- 
ibn  in  New  Holland.  In  the  fpring  of 
1788,  the  t\To  fliips  failed  from  Fort 
Jackfon,  and  hare  not  fince  been  heard  of. 
Fortunately,  La  xpE rouse  had  taken 
wcry  opportunity  to  difpatch  copies  of 
h»  jottrnalty  accompanied  by  drawings, 
nemoirs,  &c.  &€  j  in  confequeace,  eeo- 
graphy  and  the  I'citnces  are  enriched  by 
ail  difcoveries,  made  in  the  extenli^e  route 
above  defcribed.  The  two  Ihips,  when 
they  failed  from  Fraitce  in  1785,  were 
literally  fritighted  with  fcientific  men  of 
the  very  firft  eminence ;  the  work  is  there- 
fore rich,  beyond  any  which  has  precieded 
it,  in  new  difcoveries,  connefted  with 
geography,  agronomy,  navigation,  natu- 
ral htttory,  manners,  cuftoms,  &c.  &c- 
Tlie  knowledge  of  every  place  touched  at 
w  paiTcd,  in  the  courfe  of  the  voyage,  is 
either  rendered  more  accurate,  or  pcrfe^^ 
(d ;  the  Chinefe  and  Japanefe  Teas,  and 
the  north  eaft  coaft  of  Afia,  were  parti- 
cttlarly  explored,  and  that  part  of  the 
^pgc^ould,  alone,  entitle  it  to  cele- 
brity. TIic  entire  work  in  Mr.  John- 
ion's  edition,  will  form  three  laige  oc- 
tavw,  which  will  be  erabellilhcd  by  the 
nrious  illuftrativc  views,  charts,  &c.  &c. 
engraved  by  the  firft  Englifli  artilh, 

Welsh  Archceolocy.  —  For  the 
gntification  oi  thole,  who  have  a  f afte  tor 
rcfcarches  into  the  more  remote  hiftory  of 
Irltiia,  we  are  enabled  to  anaounct,  iku 


a  gentleman,  a  native  cf  Wales/ha§  g«K« 
roully  rcfolved  to  publlfh,  at  his  own  eat- 
pence,  all  the  ancient  Wel/h  manufcript$. 
With  this  view,  the  Rev,  Ll.  LloyD,  of 
Caerwys,  Flintfliirej  the  KeV.  W.  Da- 
viss,  of  Meivod,  Montgomery Ih ire  5  anj 
Mr.  b.  Thomas,  of  Anilw^,  Artglefey, 
in  North  Wales  j  Mr.  E.  Williams,  of 
Flimilon,'  GiamorgonOilre,  in  South 
Wales;  and  Mr.  W.  OwEfl,  of  PemoH- 
ftreet,  Pcntonvillc,  London,  have  been  ap- 
pointed to  arrange,  and  print  fuch  of  toe 
faid  manufcript3,as  may  be  communicated 
to  them,  or  as  they  may  be  able  to  colleft^ 
in  addition  to  thole  which  they  no'<>pof- 
fi^fs,  in  a  regular  feries,  from  the  eailieU 
times  \  at  lead  fuch  of  them,  both  in 
profe  and  vcife,  as  may  be  deemed  molSS. 
curious  for  illuflrating  the  language,  oi* 
moft  ufeful  {or  throwing  light  on  the 
darker  periods  of  our  hiftory.  It  is  pi"o» 
pofed  that  the  colieflion  mail  be  in  an 
oflavo  foim ;  and  that  one  volume  ih^li 
be  ready  for  publication  at  the  com* 
mencement,  and  at  the  concluiion,  of  * 
each  ieflion  of  parliament,  till  th*  work 
(hall  he  completed.  For  fuch  a  colle(5iion 
a  popular  file  cannot  be  expelled  j  and, 
being  deligned  chiefly  for  public  libraries, 
and  tor  individual  admirers  of  ancietsC 
fuhjefls,  fuch  a  number  of  copies  of 
it  only  will  be  printed,  at  firft,  as  mav  be 
fubfciibed  for,  during  the  prcfent  llito- 
mer.  Name«  Zhou  Id  be  lent  to  any  of 
the  above-mentioned  editors,  before  OSt 
firft  volume  is  put  to  the  prefs. 

Mrs.  Margaret  Les,  authoref«(  of 
Clara  Lennox,  or  the  Diftreft  Widow, 
is  engaged  in  a  III  (lory  of  the  I  fie  of 
Man,  to  be  comprised  in  two  volumes. 
Mrs.  Lbe  being  a  native  of  the  Iile  of 
Wight,  fome  new  and  interefting  inform" 
ation  may  be  expe£led  in  thi»  work. 

Mr.  Jollie,  of  Carliile,  the  condu^or 
of  the  Hiftorv  of  Cumberland,  is  pre- 
paring to  publiHi  a  weekly  nen'(paper  oa 
'  an  (mproved  plan,  under  tne  title  of  ths 
Carlifle  Journal.  It  is  remaikable, 
that  on  the  north -weft  fide  of  the  ifland 
there  has  hitherto  been  publiOied  but  o0e 
provlncipal  paper  .  (Mr.  Wane's,  at 
Whitehaven),  between  Manchcftcr  and. 
Glafgow.  yiTe  are  glad  to  obftfrvc,  that 
Mr.  Jo L LIB  promifes  a  conftant  attetitiott 
to  local  Improvement  i  and  h:al  faits,  of 
tv^ry  kind ;    Ae^ecl  of  thcie,  greatly  dl- 

niaUhot 


446 


Proceedings  of  the  National  InJliiuU. 


miniflin  the  yaloe  and  importance  of  the 
♦    provincial  papers. 

Mr.  Nichols  ha^  almoft  finiihed  the 
third  volume  of  his  large  Hiftory  of 
Leicefterfhirc. 

Mr.  MuNGO  Park  propofet  to  puh- 
lift,  by  fulfcription,  under  the  patronage 
of  the  African  Aflbciatlon,  Travels  in 
the  interior  Parts  of  Africa,  by  way  of 
the  River  Gambia,  performed  inthe  veart 
'795>  1796,  and  1797,  by  the  dhcaion, 
and  at  the  expence,  of  that  affociation, 
to  form  one  volume  in  4to,  and  to  be 
ready  for  delivery  in  the  month  of  April 
next. 

A  Hiftory  of  the  Mauritius,  or  the  Ifle  of 
France,  i*  announced,  to  be  compofed 
principally  from  the  papers  and  memoirs 
of  Baron  Grant,  who  refided  twenty 
years  in  that  iHand,  byCHARLEsGR ant, 
▼ifcount  de  Vaux,  (on  of  the  above  ba- 
ton, ft  is  to  contain  interefting  details  of 
its  natural  and  civil  hiftory,  its  maritiine 
and  military  fituat ion  and  eftahliftmicnrs, 
with  obfervat ions  on  the  iftands  of  Bour- 
.bon,  Madagalcar,  &c.  The  work  will 
be  comprifed  in  four  vols.  8vo.  illuftrated 
with  maps,  &c. 

^  The  laft  public  fitting  of  the  }^a~ 
£onal  InftitutCy  in  Paris,  attraftcd  an 
amazing  concourfc  of  fi)eflators,  and 
excited  the  moft  lively  cunofit v.  Buona- 
FARTE,  the  hero  of  Italy,  having  been 
chofcn  an  aflbciate  of  this  learned  body, 
and  this  being  the  day  fixed  on  for  taking 
his  feat  in  the  afTembly,  the  benches, 
appropriated  for  the  fpe^ators,  were  fill- 
ed at  an  early  hour  with  a  very  brilliant 
audience.  At  five  o'clock,  the  members 
of  the  Inftitute  entered  the  hall ;  Buo  N  a- 
PARTE  was  an>ong  the  reft,  habited  in 
a  grey  frock,  without  any  marks  of  dif- 
tin^ion  to  announce  the  hero,  who  had 
alternately  fubvertcd,  fupportcd,  and 
created  ftates  and  republics,  and  whole 
pfote»5lion  had  been  coveted  by  four  mo- 
marc  hs,  and  a  whole  tribe  of  fovercign 
princes.  Neither  his  figure,  his  iicp,  nor 
his  equipment,  were  chara6\eriled  by  any 
afFe£laticn  of  fingularity,  and  yet,  the 
xncment  he  made  his  appearance,  the  eyes 
0/  the  whole  aftcmbly  were  eagerly  di- 
re^d  towards  his  perfon,  and  the  hall 
rt'foundc'd  in  every  quirter  with  reiterated 
plaOdifs,  which  were  repealed  wlienevcr 
the  difcourlifs  prcftnted  a  fingle  idea  that 
might  be  aupiied  to  the  valiant  chivf  •. 

The  Secretaries  of  each  refpe^ive  clafs, 
gave  notices  of  all  the  memoirs  read  in 
the  Inftitute  during  the  laft  quarter;  after 


which,  Lahci<es  interefted  the  com- 
pany with  the  fragment  of  a  tranflationof 
a  journey  from  Perfia  to  India. 

FouRCROY  coithnentedort  the  various 
proccfles  which  have  hitherto  been  difco- 
vered  for  painting  on  porcelain,  and  gave 
an  account  of  3ie  leveral  experinnents 
made  to  procure  colours,  which  will  not 
change  in  the  furnace.  He  noticed  the 
fuccefs  which  had  attended  the  experi- 
ments of  DiLLH  in  this  line. 

Chenier  recited  a  poem,  entitled, 
"  Le  rUillarJ  (C AncenisC^  (dedicated  to 
the  memory  of  General  Hoche)  which 
was  received  with  unbounded  applaniV, 
on  account  of  its  animated  allufions  to  the 
war  between  the  Republic  and  the  Eng- 
lifti  nation,  of  which  the  poet  predi^cd 
the  fpcedy  downfal,  and  tne  deiiruftion 
of  the  empire  which  they  have  ufurped 
over  the  fca.  The  prefence  of  Buona- 
parte, to  whom  the  accompliftiment  of 
this  important  event  is  to  be  entrufted, 
of  courfe,  added  uncommon  intcreft  to  the 
piece,  and  at  the  following  pafiage : 
'<  La  grande  nation,  a  vaincre  accoutumee, 
"  £t  le  grand  {general,  guidant  la  graade 
armcc.'* 

the  whole  afl*ejnbly  rofe  from  their  feats, 
and  fixing  their  eyes  on  the  young  con- 
queror of  Italy,  made  the  hail  re-echo 
with  thu/idcring  peals  of  acclamation. 

DoLOMJEU  communicated  fomc  inter- 
efting  geological  obfcrvations  made  on 
the  iummit  cf  the  mountains,  in  the  de- 
partments of  Caital  and  Pu],- -de-Dome. 
MoNGEZ  imparted  a  project  for  enabling 
the  fpe^latoi-s  to  take  a  (hare  in  the  dii- 
courles  and  mufical  entertainments  of  the 
national  feftivals.  Garat  concluded  the 
fittings,  with  an  analyfis  of  the  ditfciect 
memoirs  tianimited  to  the  Inftitute,  on 
the  fubje£l  of  the  influence  of  figns  in  tic 
foiTnatibn  of  ideas.  But  as  none  of  thtie 
efTays  appeared  to  defer ve  the  prize,  the 
fame  fiibje6l  was  announced  for  the  tn- 
fuing  year. 

Garat  preceded  this  Anal)-fi$  with  a 
very  ingenious  diflcrtation  on  metaphy- 
fics,  which  he  concluded  with  an  elegant 
compliment  to  the  new- elected  member 
(Buonaparte),  who,  he  obfcn'ed,  iu 
confidcration  of  his  tafte  for  the  tranquil 
fliades  of  peace,  the  extent' and  multifa- 
rioufnefs  of  his  knowledge,  and  his  talent 
for  lefleflion  and  inquiry,  would,  on  the 
conluuimation  of  his  military  duties,  be 
n-^ardcd  as  a  phllofophtr,  who,  at  tLc 
call  of  his  country,  for  a  moment,  quitted 
the  groves  of  academies  to  fhine  at  the 
head  of  armies. 

^  pROGRAMMA  of  the  pnemlum,  pro. 

poilil 


Fr/neb  and  German  Liter ature.y(ic. 


447 


pofed  by  the  National  InfUtute  of  Sciences 
and  Arts,  in  their  public  (ictingi  Jan.  4> 

1798' 
General  CoNDiTiona,  to  be obferv- 

ed  by  the  candidates  in  all  cafes  1 

<<  Perfons  of  all  countries,  the  membert  and 
aHocIatei  of  the  inftitute  excepted,  arc  St  li- 
berty to  contend  for  the  prize. 

•"  The  candidates  not  to  affix  their  name  to 
their  manufcripts,  but  only  a  fehtence  or  de- 
vice: or,  they  may,  if  they  prefer  it,  attach 
a  feoarate  note,'  under  feal,  which,  exclufive 
ef  tM  fentence  or  device,  ihall  contain  the 
name  and  addrefs  of  the  writer.  This  letter 
the  infticute  engages  not  to  open,  except  the 
minufcripc  to  which  it  is  a^ed  (hall  obuin 
the  prixe. 

*»  The  fcveral  efTays,  intended  for  the  infti- 
tate,  may  be  fent  under  cover  to  the  minlfter 
of  the  interior,  or  addrclTed,  poft-frce,  to  one 
of  the  fccretaries  at  Paris,  of  the  clafs  wbvh 
has  propofcd  the  price.  In  this  latter  cafe, 
the  fccreUry  will  give  a  receipt,  and  minute 
down  the  fentence  affixed  to  the  works,  with 
its  number,  in  the  exad  order  ia  which  the 
feveral  works  come  to  hand. 

**  The  commiffion  of  the  funds  of  the  infti- 
tute  will  deliver  the  goljcn  medal  to  the 
bearer  of  the  receipt  j  but,  in  cafes  where 
the  author  has  not  obtained  a  receipt,  the 
medal  will  not  be  delivered,  except  Into  UIs 
o<irn  hands,  or  to  his  truf^cc,  producing  a  fa- 
tisfa^ory  certificate  of  his  being  duly  aulho- 
riacd  to  receive  the  fame." 
CLASS  o/'LITERATURKtf»iPINS  ARTS. 

This  clafs  not  having  receiyed  any  ef- 
4ay,  which  appears  dcfei-ving  of  the^r^wr- 
m:t//V^  orize,  prorogues  the  tlifti'ibution 
to  the  follow tng  year.  The  fubje6l  to 
remain  as  before,  viz. 

To  examine  the  fiutej/ive  changes  fwhitb 
the  French  loft^uage  has  experienced  fin:e 
Maiherbe  and  BalxACy  to  the  prefcnt  period. 

The  feveral  candidates  are  requefted 
to  confider  this  Aibjcft  in  its  double  re- 
Intion,  with  refpe6l  to  the  mechanifm  of 
the  language,  and  t;hc  charaftei*  which 
themoft  ceKbrated  French  writers  have 
fucceffively  impreffed  upon  it. 

The  prize  a  gt>ld  medal,  of  the  wetght 
of  five  heflograins ;  to  be  prefcntcd  in 
the  public  fitting  of  thf  inftituie  to  be 
holden  Jan.  4,  1799,  bcine  the  feventh 
▼ear  of  the  republic.  The  memoirs  to 
be  written  in  French,  and  tranfmitted  to 
the  inftit^te  previous  to  the  2 2d  of  Sep- 
tember at  the  faitlicft. 

Vat;  qu EL  IN  has  made  an  analyfis  of 
the  emerald  of  Peru,  in  which  he  recog- 
nifcs  the  new  metallic  fubftajice  difco- 
vercd  by  himfelf,  In  the  red  lead  of  Si- 
beria, It  is  to  this  metal  that  the  eme- 
rald owes  its  green  colour.  Vauqu em n 
^figns  to  repeat  his  analvfis,  to  deter- 

Month.  Mao.  ^fo«  xxxii.  - 


mlne^  with  greater  precifion*  the  txack 
proportion  of  the  Icveral  component  pirt'* 
The  art  of  Mo/ak  Pc^inti/i^hciTig  verj 
Uttls  underftood  in  France,  the  govi-tn* 
ment,  on  learliing  that  an  Italian,  who 
poflefled  ?reat  ikiU  and  eminence  in  this 
line,  refided  at  Paris,  have  empfcyeti  him 
to  finifti  feveral  pieces  of  workmanftiip, 
and  commiilionta  him  to  inftrud  a  num- 
ber of  pupils  i  by  which  means,  France 
will  owe  the  acquifition  of  a  new  art  t» 
her  Italic  conquefts. 

The  Citizen  Cassel,  one  of  the  di- 
reftors  of  the  national  menagerie,  who 
was  deputed  bjr  the  French  goremnient 
to  Tunis,  to  collcft  animals  for  the  above 
inftitution,  has  been  prevented,  by  the 
plague,  which  defolatcd  that  city,  from ' 
accompliftiing  the  objeft  of  his  mtiiton  (b 
completely  as  he  could  have  wiflied.  He 
has  only  been  able  to  procure  the  follow- 
ing; VIZ.  a  beautiful  lion  and  lionefat 
both  three  years  old,  another  lionefs, 
eighteen  months  old,  and  extremely  fierce^ 
prefenfs  from  the  Dey  of  Conftantine ; 
.two  oftriches,  a  female  lionceetu  (a  fpcciea 
of  fmall  lion),  two  vchite  camels,  and 
two  antelopes,  pre  fen  ts  from  the  Dey  of 
Tt'^nisj  andthrec  vultures,  which  he  pur- 
chaitd. 

A  literal  tranflation  has  been  publifiied 
hyDusAULT,  at  Paris,  lof  the  Anec- 
dotes of  the  Founders  of  the  French  Re- 
public ;  a  work  which  was  publilhed 
in  London  laft  winter.  A  German  trans- 
lation of  the  fame  work,  has  appeared  at 
Leipfic.  A  fecond  volume  oi  new  cha- 
raftcrs  ?»  in  the  prefs  in  London. 

Thr  Acndcmyof  Sciences,  in  Goettin- 
gen,  has  advcrtifed  a  picmium  of  50 
ducats,  for  the  beft  effay  on  the  following 
queltton : — "  ^(uaeritur  in  quibufiiam  in- 
fe^lorum  et  vermium  ordinibus,  refpira- 
tici'.is,  feu  fpiritum  ullo  modo  <iuceudl 
fimilio  et  etfeftr.s  ejus  primai-ius,>oui 
'  vulgo  procelTus  phlngiftici,.combufturae 
certo  refpeftu  cot^^parandi  nomine^\enit« 
obfervatlonibus  ct  cTtpcriinentis  demon* 
flrari  pofiit/' 

A   very  valuable   treat ife  on  metalBc 
irritability^  involving  a  difcoveiT  which 
promife*  to  prove  highly  beneficial  to  tlie 
intcrefts  of  humanity,    hns  been   lately 
publifhed  in  German,  by  C.  C.  Cr&ve, 
rrofeflbr  of  Medicine  at  Mayencs*     M» 
Creve  maintains,  from  a  number  of  ex- 
periments ir.ade  on  the  corpfes  of  p<erfona 
juil  tUccaled,  as  well  as  on  animal  bodies^  • 
that  the  fyinptoms  of  putrefa<^lion  do  n^t ' 
conftitute  an  infallible  evidence  of  theac-» 
tua!  death    of  the  individual  j    and  tiiat 
the  application  of  the  principle  of  mt- 
3M  '        ^        tMc 


44^ 


RuJJtan^* Dantjh^  and  German  Literature, 


falTtcirritMifj  will,  in  a// cafes,  eftablidi 
the  fa^  oF  life  or  death  beyond  thepofHbi- 
llty  of  mlftake.  By  this  means,  the  danger 
ofprjm/z/ura  'mbumatUn  may  be  ctffe£lu Ay 
obviated.  The  work  is  accompanied  witn 
appropriate  and  illiiflrativ  •  plates. 

Of  the  ftate  and  probablejprogrefs  of 
fclcntlfic  information,  in  Ruflia,  we  leave 
our  readers  to  judge,  after  informinr 
Xhem,.  th<it  a  late  and  formidable  ukaie 
has,  with  one  blow,  annihilated  the  li- 
berty of  the  prefs,  and  taken  the  bufmefs 
of  printing  h'om  private  perfons  into  the 
hands  of  government.  In  the  immense 
empire  of  Kuflia,  no  printing,  in  future, 
will  be  fuifered  to  be  carried  on,  except 
in  feme  of  the  chief  oities,  to  which,  of 
courfe,  all  works  intended  for  publica- 
tion muft  be  tranfmitted.  Offices  for  li. 
cenfmg  the  printing  of  books,  are  efta- 
bli/licd  in  only  five  towns,  fo  that  authors 
will  be  under  the  necefltty  of  fending 
their  manufcripts  the  diitance  df  three  or 
four  hundred  miles  to  be  examined.  All 
'  wiitings,  which  appear  of  a  fuf]Sicious 
charai^Tcr  to  the  coromi (11  oners  of  the  li- 
cencing board,  a»  to  be  burnt  upon  the 
fpot;  and,  if  written  in  a^  foreign  lan- 
guage, they  muft  be  tranilat^  into 
Xultian,  previous  to  their  being  fent  to 
the  ofHce.  The  board,  at  Riga,  has  al- 
Kady  condemned  leveral  numbers  of  the 
**  Gazette  de  Literature  Uwverfelk  dt 
Jcnay^  and  fimiliar  honoun  have  been 
paid  to  a  variety  of  other  works  \  among 
the  reft,  to  Madame  Mereau's  ^^Bltte^ 
iLnalttr  Jet  Empfindung^^''  (the  Golden 
A^  of  Sentiment),  which  thefe  judges 
hive  pronounced  a  moft  dangerous  and 
pernicious  publication.  Without  flopping 
to  animadvert  on  tlie  Impolicy  of  a  mea- 
fure,  by  which  thouiands  of  mechanics  are 
now  thrown  out  of  employment,we  cannot 
refi-ain  from  commenting  on  a  fingular 
circumftance,  which  proves  that  fimilar 
effe^ls  frequently  refult  from  very  oppo- 
fite  principles.  Notwithftanding  the  amaz- 
ing difference  of  political  opinion  which 
ol>tain8  at  Peterfburgh  and  at  Paris,  the 
*'  Spedatiur  du  Nord,^*  is  alike  prohi- 
bited by  both  governments  ^  fo  true  is  it, 
that  extremes  meet  and  touch  each  other. 

Thr  following extra^,  from  M.  WiE- 
Lamd*s  Mercury,  throws  confiderable 
light  upon  this  fubje^.  «•  It  is  not  yet 
aiiortained  how  far  the  licenfmg  board 
at  Riga,  will  ftretch  their  authority  j  but 
this  mi:ch  is  certain,  that  M.  HaRT- 
KNOCK,  I  he  moft  eminent  bookfrller  in 
Koenin-flw  g,  has  no  lefs  than  fevcn  large 

rick3c;es  ot  books,  in  fticets,  from  the  laft 
cipzig  fair,  waiting,  on  the  fronticrsj 


for  permifnon  to  pa(V  into  RufHa.  HIi 
application  having  been  written  in  Girr- 
man,  has  been  fent  back  to  him  to  be 
tranflated  into  the  Ruflian  language.  We 
do  not  hear  that  any  public  bumlnsct  of 
bocks  have  taken  place,  but  the  follow- 
ing  have  been  connfcated,  and  placed  en 
the  condemned  lift :  «  lie  Lvvmanh^ 
(in  German),  by  M.  Merkcl.  The 
<*  Spedateur  Ju.  Nord*'  (in  Fre»»cb). 
«*  yoltaire*s  Correjhondence  avec  llrrpe^ 
ratricer  "  Le  Sahn  de  Diderotr  The 
4th  number  .of  M.  Archenholz^ 
"  Minerva,  for  1797."  Nicolai*s  *^Ail 
Gemeine  Detttfche  Bibltotbek;'"  (Univir. 
fal  German  Libntrj'),  which  ftan<Is  at 
the  head  of  all  the  German  litcrar)' jour- 
nals. The  firft  number  of  the  "  Uaivcr- 
fal  Litenuy  Gazette,'*  (llkcwife  a  Ger- 
man publication).  The  firft  volume  ai 
the  •«  Annales  Europetnes^*  by  Pro- 
feflbr  Posse LT;  and  volumes  43  and  tic, 
•f  "  Knmitz's  German  Encyclopedia," 
&c.  &c.  &c. 

In  Denmark,  it  ihould  feem,  that  the 
Uherty  afiheprefs  is  likewifc  much  more 
limited  and  circumferibed  than  we  have 
lately  been  led  to  believe.  P.  Collet, 
aflcltor  of  the  tribunal  of  the  court  and 
city  at  Copenhagen,  has  been  diunitTed 
from  his  employments  for  publlihirg  &£ 
**  Analyfis  of  Birckner's  Treatilecn 
the  Liberty  of  the  Danifh  Prefs."  Amerj: 
other  paragraphs,  which  have  incuncd 
the  difpleaiui-e  of  tlie  snoi^arch,  we  6cd 
the  author  accufed  of  atheifm,  for  msic-  1 
taining,  that  it  is  pofTible  for  moral::}' to  , 
exift  independent  of  religion.  And  bit  1 
loyalty  has  been  impeached,  for  aiTcrticg, 
that  it  is  lawful  to  expoic  die  errors  of  i 
coiTupt  government. 

'  If  the  illuminacioh  of  a  people  depeiult 
upon  the  number  of  writer^  and  cew  pub- 
lications which  it  produces,  Germaiir 
certainly  ought  to  claim  the  fird  rank 
amon^  the  nations  of  Europe.  The  i?i* 
Leipzig  fiir  was  frequented  i)y  no  icit 
than  314.  book&llers  of  eminence,  "^ 
have  added  upwards  of  6000  new  works 
to  the  vaft  ftock  of  German  literature 
Great  part  of  this  acqulfition,  a&  iniY 
eafilyjbe  fuppofc^l,  falls  under  thcdc/air* 
tion  of  traih  and  fcribbliog  ;  but  toe  roi- 
lowing  aiticles  are  truly  valuable  aoJ 
meritorious  1 

GoESCum,  who  may  ju  ftly  be  ft  f  W  ^  - 
of  the  beft  informed  and  moft  libcralnui.l>l 
book  fellers  in  all  Germany,  has  pubi:Jlif  1 
a  magnificent  edition  of  "  KJopficcl*^ 
Odes,'*  in  x  volumes,  large  8vo.  edited  bjr 
the  celebrated  Dr.  AugustBobtticfR. 
Goes  CHEN  is  tUie  fame  p«rfoB|  n-l)«K"^ 


German  Ziteraturf. — Hornemann  the  Traveller^ 


449 


time  filler  publKbed  a  vtxy  fplendld  edirloa 
cJ*  VVliIan j's  Worjcsj  which,  KdwevcT, 
falls  iDfioittly  (hort  of  the  prer(;nt  article^ 
iQ  point  orgrandeur,prnamcnt,  and  beau- 
ty. This  ediMon  is  enriched  with  60  ad- 
ditianal  odci,  which  have  never  appeared 
gn  print  before.  Each  volume  u  deco- 
rated with  a  beautiful  engraving,  executed 
Hy  John,  gf  Vienna,  and  rcprefencing 
the  facrtd  and  poetical  Mufe.  Thtvt  is 
Jikewifc  a  fmallcrand  leis  coftly  edition. 

Voss  has  produced  a  very  elegant  and 
chirical  tranflation  of  «<  Ovid's  Mctamor- 
phoka,**  in  German  hexameters.  This 
work  was  undertaken,  by  way  of  recrea- 
tion, after  a  tedious  and  painful  indii'pofi- 
tion.  Voss  is  now  employed  uponatran.- 
flationof  ««  Virgil's -«neid.*' 

A  work,  highly  intcrefting  to  the  lovers 
ofaitronomy,  geogi*aphy>  travels,  voyages, 
&:c.  has  made  its  appearance  with  the 
commencement  of  the  prefent  ye4r,  under 
the  title  of  "  The  Univcrfal  Geographi- 
cal Ephemeris,"  by  M.  von  Zach,  ma- 
jor  and  aftronomvr  in  the  feivice  of  the 
Prince  of  Saxe  Goth  a.  This  work, 
which  is  publifticd  in  monthly  numbers, 
forms  a  complete  reglfter  of  all  occur- 
rences and  tranfa<E>ions  that  relate  to  the 
above  branches  of  fcieiace,  giving  a  regu- 
lar account  of  all  geographical  and  af- 
tronomical  difcoveries,  together  with  no- 
tices of  new  maps,  and  recent  or  intended 
jowmies  and  voyages  of  difcovery.  The 
cpilblary  correfpon.lence  is  particularly 
valuable  and  inftruftive,  beinjj  enriched 
wifh  tlie  communications  of  the  literati 
in  every  part  of  Europe.  It  is  published 
at  Weimar ;  and  to  every  number  is  pre- 
fixed an  engraving  of  fome  eminent  af- 
tronomcr,  geogi-apner,  tourill,  &c. 
interefting    particulars    rclati*:q    to    Mr, 

Honufiuotjiy  the  Gentkman  lately  deputed 

fy  the  dfn'-^n  /ijbciation,  to  explore  the 

hterior  af  Africa, 

Frcidric  Hornemann,  is  the  only 
Ton  of  a  refi)r<5labie  dcceafcd  clergyman, 
whofe  widow  rciides  at  Hildrfiieim. 
Being  intended,  by  his  parents,  for  the 
church,  he  ftudied  divinity  at  Goettingcn  j 
hut  his  genius,  irrefillibly  impelling  him 
to  purfuits  of  a  veiy  different  nature,  he 
Xtturned  in  the  fummcrof  1795  to  Goct- 
i*agen,  and  waiting  upon  Dr.  Blumen- 
•ack,  profcflbrot  natural  hiftory  in  that 
Univerfity,  informed  that  gtniKir.nn,  that 
Jt  haii  for  years  been  the  moil  funguine 
'^ifli  of  his  heai't>  to  explore  the  interior 
of  Africa.  He  flattered  himfclf,  he  ad- 
d«l>  that  he  poHeiTcd,  in  an  eminent  decree, 
*11  the  phyfical  and  bodily  tjuiillfications, 
u^difpenfibly  requifite  to  give  a  probabill- 


ty  of  fucceft  to  the  undertaking ;  and 
ever  fince  his  wi(h  to  engage  in  the  expe- 
dition, had  AiTumtd  the  charaAei  ot  a 
firm,  mature,  and  well  deliberated  planj 
he  had  devoted  his  time,  to  thofc  (Indies 
which  boi-e  analogy  to  his  projc^,  and 
had  diligently  confulted  every  authentic 
fource  of  information,  refjiefting  this 
vaft  continent  hitherto  fo  little  known  to  . 
European*.  He  concluded  with  requeft- 
ing,  that  Profeffor  BlumhnbaCH  would 
recommend  him  to*he  African  Aifociatioa 
in  London. 

The  Profc/Tor  defignedly  raifed  fcveral 
objeftions,  to  convince  himfelf  "whether 
his  d^fign  was  the  refuit  of  fuddcn  ira- 
pulfe,  or  actually  founded  in  mature  deli- 
beration. But  Hornemann  gave  fuch 
pertinent  replies,  and  wa»  iO  well  prepared 
for  every  objci^ion,  that  Blumlnbach 
could  no  longer  oppofc  his  wiihes,  cfpe- 
cially  when  he  found  that  his  mother  had 
acquicfced  in  the  projeft.  The  Prcfcflbr 
therefore  made  feveial  private  enquires 
into  his  charafter,  which  proved  pcrte£ily 
fati$fa£lor>'.  He  was  intbrmed,  that  the 
irfual  difeaies  of  infancy  excepted,  HoR- 
NbMANN  knew  fickncf*  but  by  name;  that 
nature  had  airifted"  him  with  an  excellent 
conftitution,  tliat  he  was  remarkable  tem- 
perate and  abftemious,  ftout,  athletic,  in- 
def  atigably  patient  of  fatigue  j  of  great 
vivacity  and  a  chearful  difpofiiion,  and 
that,  in  addition  to  his  literary  acquire, 
ments,  which  were  great  and  truly  re- 
fpe6iable,  he  pofleflcd  an  adequate  know- 
ledge','both  theoretical  and  prailical  of  me- 
chanics. Bli;menbach  now  no  longer 
hefitated  to  propofe  the  young  adventurer 
to  the  African  Aflbciation,  through  the 
medium  of  Sir  JosEPii  Banks,  who 
wrote  word  back:  «  IfM.  Ho  R  NEMAN 
"be  really  the  perfon  you  defcribe,  he  is  the 
very  identical  man  whom  we  are  in  iearcU 
of." 

This  favourable  reply  Blumenbach 
immediately  communicated  to  HoRRE« 
MANN,  who  happened  to  be  at  that  time 
in  Hanover,  and  before  the  profeffor  could 
fuppofe  that  his  letter  had  reached  him, 
he  was  furprifed  to  fee  Horn  em  an  If 
inter  his  apartment  (having  haftcned  im- 
mediately from  Hanover  on  toot)  to  make 
the  ncccUary  enquiries  in  j>crfon.  In  the 
courfc  of  one  night,  he  drew  up  a  moft 
excellent  plan  in  writing,  for  the 
infpe^ioM  of  the  African  Aflbciation, 
which  Blumenbach  forwarded  to  Lon* 
don,  and,  in  a  little  time,  received  an  an- 
fwer  from  the  committee  of  the  Affocia- 
tion,  fignifying  their  approbation  and  ac- 
ceptance ot  his  friend, 
•    *  Hon. 


4*) 


Homemantij  the  African  TravelUf'.- 


HoRKZMANN  accordingly  repaired 
once  more  .to  Goettingeii»  in  ttic  fummer  of 
1796,  tbtr  nochlnz  might  be  negie<5led  in 

•  c^ualify ing  hinirdnfor  his  intend^  expedi- 
tion. Here  he  attended  the  ledlures  on 
Natural  Hiftory,  and  applied  himfeif  to 

'  the  ftudy  of  the  Arabic  and  other  oriental 
languages.  In  February  1797  he  repaired 
to  London,  and  being  ircroduced  to  the 
African  Aflbciatton,  his  appointment  was 
ian^ioned  by  the  unanimous  apjjrobation 
of  the  Members. 

Sir  Joseph  Banks  next  applied  to  the 
French  government  for  a  paiTjwit  for 
HORNEMANNy  which  the  direftory  rea- 
dily granted.  In  July  Hornemann  |f?ft 
London,  aiKl  on  his  arrival  in  Paris  was 
mdft  kindly  received  by  the  juftly  cele- 
brated Lalande.  H ere  he  formed  feve- 
ral  very  valuable  connexions.  Efpccially 
ufeful  to  him  was  his  acquaintance  with 
aTurki/h  coni-facW  from  Tripoli,  who 
not  <mly  gave  him  the  bcil  counfel  and 
advice  refpefling  his  journey,  but  recora- 
nendedhimlikewife  in  very  ftrongtenns  to 
ope  of  his  friends,  a  perfon  of  note  at  Caiio, 
Prom  Paris  Hornemann  repaired -to 
Marffilles,  where  he  embarked  for  Cy- 
prus, defigning  to  jn'ofecute  his  jouiU'^y 
to  Cairo  by  way  oi  Alexandria.  His 
tempoi'ary  (ojouin  in  Cairo  be  intends  to 
employ  in  colltfting  as  much  intelligence 
as  he  poflibly  can  refpe^iin^  the  liiiciior 
0f  Africa,  and  dien  to  ftt  out  on  his  expe- 
dition with  the  Negro  caravan,  that  trades 
annually  from  Cattina  to  Caifo.  Thefc 
Negroes  ai^e  reprelcntcd  as  a  very  cour- 
teous and  humane  people,  among  whom 
Hornemann  tnay  confidently  lock  for 
much  better  treatment  than  he  has  reafon 
to  cxpe£l  from  tJieir  neighbours,  the  Ma- 
hometans, or  Ai-ahhj^  who  arc  of  a  fero- 
cious and  treacherous  cbara<5ler. 
Extras  of  a  Letter  from  Proffjfor  Blv- 
MENBACH  to  Major  Xos  Zach.  ' 
'*  Our  friend,  Mr.  HoRnemann'  has 
arrived  in  fafety  at  Cairo,  from  which 
place  he  has  favoured  me  with  a  letter, 
dated  0£t.  14,  1797.  Not  meeting  with 
any  vefTel  at  Marfeilles  bound  diie^lly  for 
Alexandria,  he  engaged  a  pafTage  on  board 
a  Cyprus  trader,  and  on  the  1 1  th  of  Au- 
euft  the  ihip  got  under  weigh.  Tl^«^y 
fieered  along  the  weft  coaft  of  Sardinia, 
paflTed  between  that  illand  and  St.  Pietro  i 
then  approximating  towards  Cape  Bona, 
our  traveller  far  the  firft  time  obtained  a 
gUmpfeof  that  continent,  the  interior  of 
ijvhich  he  is  deftined  to  explore.     Then 

,  pafling  Malta  and  Candia,  after  a  voyage 
of  %o  days,  the  vcffel  camt  to  an  anchor, 
Augnft  3ift»  in  the  offing  of  lerniak  m 


Cypr 

informed,  on  land  :r.^,  that  a  Venetian  ttf. 
fcl  would  fi.^rtly  fct  fail  for  Alexandria, 
from  another  bay  iff  the  ifland,  called  Cape 
Caroubl,  Unwilling  to  lofe  fuch  a  fa- 
vourable opportunity,  he  engaged  a  boat 
the  third  clay,  and  after  two  days  fiii  ar. 
rived  at  Caroube.  This  is  a  fafc  ahd  ccm: 
modious  anchoragv,  but  has  neither  town 
nor  village,  and  takes  its  jiame  from  the 
vaft  quantities  of  S,t.  John's  bread  (Cir,i. 
.  tonia  SHiqua,  Linti.  Siliguff  du!:ls,  Vff/:n. 
ArMz  Cnroube,)  which  pows  in  this  di- 
ftricl,  and  with  which  a  number  of  vcffeis 
are  freighted.  Of  the  incredible  plenty  of 
provifions  on  this  ifiand  fome  idea  may  be 
formed  from  the  low  prices  they  bear.  A 
pound  weight  of  grapes,  j>caches,  apricot?, 
or  fiffs,  cofts  one  pfcnnhtg  (not  quite  a 
farthmg)  j  a  pound  of  fiiefli  ir.eat,  fix 
pfinnin^s.  Poultry  is  the  only  dear  ar- 
ticle :  a  hen  fells  for,  from  fix  to  eight 
grofchen  (from  one  fliiling,  to  one  (hilling 
and  fourpence,  Englifti  money).  But 
what  gave»  M.  Hornemann  infinitely 
greater  fuVprize  than  any  other  proof  cf 
the  wonderful  fecundity  of  nature  in  this 
iiland,  were  the  early  maturity  and^ftie^- 
fcint  of  the  females. 

After  a  Ihori  ft  ay  at  Caroube^  they  pro. 
ceedcd  to  limojcl,  aiid  from  thence  ftrait- 
w.iy  to  Alcxa»S-iay  where  the  ftiipcift 
nnchor  on  the  loth  of  Septftnber.  M. 
Hornemann  was  lodged  m  thehoufecf 
th^  EnglJfh  Coniul,  and  improved  the  ten 
days,  which  h?  fpcnt  in  this  city,  in  mine, 
ralogical  rclearches  in  the  neighbourhood, 
nonvithftan^ing  the  danger  of  venturipg 
much  without  the  walls  at  this  feafcn,  ca 
account  of  the  Arabs,  who  fidly  from  the 
defcrts,  and  extend  their  deprcdaticns  to 
the  vcrytowli. 

By  :^n  incident  of  uncoinrjon  good  for- 
tune, M.  HoRNt MANN  met  ID  oneof  tfe 
Convents,  with  an  aged  monk,  Fariw 
Cbriflianus,  a  native  of  Germany,  but 
who,  from  his  long  refidence  in  this  coui- 
try,  fpeatts  Arabic  more  fluently  thtnhii 
mother  tongue,  and  who  was  on  the  ere 
of  fetting  out  for  Cairo,  in  which  city,  he 
propofcd  to  refide  fome  months.     In  ccm- 

{jany  with  his  friendly  monk  j  our  travel- 
er left  Alexandria,  on  the  aift  of  Septem- 
ber, and  failing  by  Rofetre,  onhispafi'age 
on  the  Nile,  amved  in  Cairo  on  the  i7ti 
at  the  c^vaft  feafcn,  when  this  moft cele- 
brated of  all  rivers,  had  riftn  to  i*s  ut- 
moft  height.  In  Cairo  •  be  met  with 
Major  Schwarr,  who  traveled  #e  Levant 
\vith  Monfjcur  Hope,^nd  in  his  ^owp^'^t 
made  an  <x<;urfion  to  the  Pyramids  at 
Glze.     •  •  -^*  ^     -'  ; 

A  CoJ- 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  MUSICAL  PUBLICATIONS.  45» 

Sonatat)  ive  have  the  pleaflfre  to  he  sblc 
to  pronounce  them  excelknt  compofklons. 
They  are  written  in  a  ftyle  rather  fami* 
liar ;  yet  difbiay  much  elegance  of  ima- 
gination. •  The  feveral  movcmcnti  are 
calculated  to  relieve  each  other,  and  to 
produce,  hy  their  wefl-difpofed  lights 
and  (hades,  that  pifturefque  cfFcft  which 
every  compofer  of  judgment  endeavours 
to  attain.  Were  we  to  pomt  out  the  beft 
piece  in  the  fct,  perhaps  Rn6k  juftice 
would  dire^  us  to  the  third  j  but  the  firft 
and  fecond  are  the  moft  popular  in  their 
call,,  and  of  merit  fufficicnt  to  fupport 
the  reputation  of  their  author. 
Fifty  fclea  Tones,  carefully  adapted  to  th« 

beft  parts  of  the  firft  ninety<Hfiz  Pfalms, 

by  J.  Cbarltfwtrtb,    ys.  6<1. 

Longman  and  Broderip. 

Theie  tunes  arechofen  with  judgment* 
and  adapted  with  ability.  A  fecond,  or 
under  pait,  is  added  throughout  the  col- 
lection \  and  the  whole  forms  a  publka* 
tion  particularly  eligible  for  the  SundajT 
life  ot  private  families. 

We  entirely  agree  with  Mr.  Charlel^ 
worth,  that  all  pfalm  tunes  ought  to  be 
fo  compofed  as  thi^t  people  in  generaf 
may  readily  acquire  the  melody :  we  alio 
fubfcribe  to  his  opinion,  thafthe  beil  are  ' 
the  eaiieft;  but  vre  camiot  think  with 
him,  that  what  he  terms  lively  pfahnody 
is  more  impreillve  than  the  grave  and  (low* 
Without  a  certain  dezree  of  that  dignitf 
and  importance  which  refults  from  tht 
majeftic  march  of  notes  properly  held  oaf, 
the  mind  is  not  eicafted  to  that  holy  ht* 
rour,  that  pious  ibiemnity,  charaClerHU^^ 
of  iacred  woribip,  and  which  leaves,  m 
the  heart,  an  imprcirion  greatly  fuperior 
to  the  light  and  traniient  effects  of  a. 
more  volatile  fuccefuon  of  founds. 


f^  Collc^ios  of  favourite  Sonft,  fung  by 

Mr.  Dignum,  Mr.  Denman,  Mrs.  Moun- 

uin,  the  two  Mifs  HoweUt,  and  Mrs. 

Franklin,  at  Vauxhsll  Gardens  3  compofed 

by  James  Hook,     3s.     xft  book. 

Bland  and  Weller. 

Mr.  Hook,  who  is  ftill  the  Vauxhall 
ballad-mafter ;  fills  that  department  with 
novelty  and  fprightlinefs  of  fancy. 
In  the  prefent  collection  we  find,  many 
fweetaiui  flriking  paifeiges  to  prove,  that 
voluminous  as  his  efforts  are  in  this  way, 
he  has  by  no  means  out-wiitten  himfelf. 
Thefii-lt  fong,  "  Lillies  and  Rofes," 
fung  bv  Mifs  F.  HowELLS,  is  a  plcaf- 
ing  little  air  in  6-S  andantiuo ;  many  bars 
of  which>  if  not  perfeAly  new,  are  en- 
gaging and  animating;  and  the  notes 
riven  to  «<  fiuy  my  Sweet  Briar,  Swoet 
Lillies  and  Rofes,'***  moft  happily  expref- 
five  of  the  words.  "  Come  buy  my 
Wooden  Ware,'*  fung  by^{r.  Dignum, 
iir.-.t  among  the  bdt  conlhufted  melo- 
dies in  the  collection,  but  certainly  car- 
ries with  it  the  chai'aCter  of  the  com- 
poier,  and  is  well  adapted  to  Mr.  DiG- 
K  u  M's  voice  arid  ftyle  of  performance. 
The  third  fong,  "  The  Little  Singing 
Gir],''  funj;  by  Mrs.  Moi^nTain,  is 
gaily  conceived,  and  leaves  an  iritereft- 
ingimprcffion  on  the  ear.  <'  As  forth 
I  ranged  the  Banks  of  Tweed,'*  iiing  by 
Mrs«  Frankun,  is  in  tht  Scott i(h  tafte, 
and  pofTeiTes  much  merit ;  bur,  like  moit 
ot  Mr.  Hook's  Caledonian  meJodies, 
loiea  it%  truth  of  chara^er,  b^  the  too 
frequent  introdu&ion  of  the  Jourtb  and 
fi^th  of  the  key.  The  fifth  air, 
^*  Love's  Telegraph,"  fung  by  Mr.  Dio- 
H  VM,  is  not  remarkable  for  its  anima* 
tion  or  pleaiantnefs  ;  but  *'  Drink  to 
the  Girls  left  behind  us,'*  fung  by  Mr. 
D£lfMAN,  is  character iied  by  that  viva- 
city and  loofe  eafy  caft  of  air  which  form 
the  diftinguiihing  features  of  a  fea  fong. 
«  How  tedious,  alas!  are  the  Hours," 
fung  by  Mrs.  Franklin*,  is  a  fweetly 
fimple  little  melody,  and  calculated  to 
produce  as  agreeable  an  eife£t  in  the 
chamber,  as  in  the  gardens  .or  theatre. 
The  laft  fong,  «<  Young  Jemmy  is  a 
pleaiing  Youth,"  fune  by  Mrs.  Moun- 
tain, though  not  Srikingly  new,  is 
^ooth  and  natural,  and  fmifhes.  the 
^lle^tion  in  a  (tyle  creditable  to  the  au- 
thor. 

The  three  jSonatsi  for  the  pedal  ^arp,'with 
an  Accompaiiun^nt  for  the  tambourino,  ad 
lthitii«  \  compofed  and  dedicated  to  Mifs 
Saunders,  by  G.  G.  Ftrraru     7s.  6d. 

Skillrrn. 

After  a  minute  examination  of  t)u^ 


N<K  III.  Of  Guida  Annonica ;  or,  aa  Intio- 
du^on  to  the  Ceoernl  Kno^vledge  of  M«- 
fic.  Theoretical  and  Pra^ical,  by  7.  tla\fi» 
4S.  6d.  Skillcra, 

The  author  having,  in  the  two  fortner 
numbers  of  this  €iida£tic  publication, 
exhibited  the  diatonic  arrangement  of  the 
feven  notes  of  the  major  and  minor  fcales 
in  melody,  or  fuccefnpn  of  founds,  now 
proceeds  to  fhew  the  principles  on  which 
thefe  founds  are  combined;  elucidates 
the  firft  principles  of  refonance,  and 
enters  upon  the  do^lrlne  of  the  harmonics. 
The  fhidcnt  is  then  prefentcd  with  the 
hannonic  triad,  or  perted  common  chord ; 
the  difterrnt  pofitions  of  coAibination ; 
and  with  examples  for  filling  up  the  tx-  ^ 
ercifes  in  all  the  various  keys,  inajc^ 
and  minor.  The  great  labour  whic^ 
khls  work  muft  have  coft  Mr.  KELrr; 

hat 


454 


Review  efNii/J  JUupcal  Public  ations. 


hts  been,  for  the  moft  part,  very  fuccefs- 
folly  employed.  'The  different  obje^ls  of 
inl^flion  are  arranged  with  judgment, 
and  his  ideas  explained  with  perfpicuity. 
We  cUnnot,  therefore,  difmiu  the  article 
without  beftowing  upon  it  a  confiderable 
poi'tion  of  prailc/  and  reconjmendinff  it 
to  the  fedulous  attention  of  ail  rouucal 
ihidents. 

**  Black  Bcarj/*  a  grand  ballet  fpeOade,  at 
performed  at  the  Royal  Circus  i  compofcd 
and  adapted  for  the  piano-tortc,  by  J.  San^ 
derfon.^'i.  Longman  and  Broderlp. 

Mr.  Sanderson,  in  the  ballet, of 
**  Black  Beard/*  has  evinced  increafing 
iBufical  knowledge,  and  an  improving 
£incy.  TUe^  overture  poifefle*  much 
variety,  and  is  fo  ingenioully  conftru^ed 
in  its  parts  as  to  produce  an  effe6l  at 
once  ftriking  and  truly  theatrical.  The 
firft  chorus  "  While  the  jolly  Grog's 
afloat,'^  is  an  open,  generous  ftrain,  and 
the  different  voices  are  well  combined. 
Some  paffages  in  the  "Boatfwain's  Solo,** 
are  much  above  mediocrity,  particularly 
the  divifion  given  at  *«  We  dafli  o'er  the 
Deep."  The  pirate's  glee,  "  An  Ene- 
my appears,**  is  characteriftic,  but  cer- 
tainly (bmewhat  common-place.  ^  My 
Willy  was  a  failor  bold,'*  fung  by  Mrs. 
Herbert,  is  tenderly  exprcSive,  and 
relieved  with  a  powerful  cffcft,  by  the 
ibcv ceding  Battle  Piece,  in  which  we  find 
li^uch  fire  and  energy  of  expreflion.  **  In 
the  good  (Hip  Revenge,*'  fung  by  Mr. 
Helme,  is  bold  and  broad  in  its  ftyle, 
^nd  happily  contrafled  by  the  fmooth, 
cafy  flow  of"  My  friend  when  a  captivip," 
fbng  by  Mrs.  Herbert.  The  ilave's 
d^inces  are  prettily  imagined,  and  exhibit 
it  lively  conception  of  charafter  and 
fcenic  effeft,  while  the  dialogue  and  duett 
•*  No  longer  heave  the  heart- felt  figh," 
i\ing  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Herbert,  is 
higenioufly  conihru6led,  and  concludes 
the  piece  in  a  ftyle  confonant  with  the 
compofer's  general  fuccefs  in  this  fpecies 
6f  compofition. 

The  Sylvan  Oracles  and  the  Sylphids,  two 

.    fonp,  containing  tour  airs  for  the  voice, 

harp  tic  hord,  or  violin  5  compofed  by  Rich' 

mrd  Rhodes,     3s.  Prefton. 

We  find  much  native  tafte  in  thcfe 

compofitions.       The    paflages    are    all 

pleaung,  and  many  qX  them  fomewhat 

original  5  but  we  are  obliged  to  obi'erve, 

that  they  ?ie  not  futTicicntly  cdnne^ed  to 

difguife  that  the  aujhor  is  but  little  in 

the  habit  of  compoling.     The  expreflion 

is  juft,    the  modulation  good,  and   the 

%afs  fre*|uenlly  well'  chofen :  in  a  word. 

the  prelcnt  wcrk  is  an  indication  of  real 


gtttiusy  and  induces  ut  ia  cecommcnj 
Mr.  Rhodes  to  a  clofe  and  conAant 
fludy  of  compofition;  Uy  which  wc  are 
certain  he  would  fbon  arrive  at  excellence 
as  a  compofer. 

The  favourite  duct  of  «.*  Tink  a  Tink,"  CunJ 
by  Mrs.  Bland  and  Mr.  Binniftcr,  jun.  in 
the  opera  of  Blue  Beard }  arranged  as  a 
rondo  for  the  piano- forte,  by  D.  Suiheit. 
as.  6d.  Longman  and  Brodcr'.p. 

•*  Tink  a  Tink,"  as  here  ingtni- 
oufly  arranged  by  Mr.  Steibalt,  form* 
a  pleaf^n^  rondo  for  the  piano  forte,  and 
will  be  iound  improving  to  the  finger  of 
the  young  practitioner.  The  favourite 
duet  fung  by  Mrs.  Crouch  and  Mift 
Dk  Camp, in  the  blue  chamber,  is  intro* 
duced  in  the  piece,  as  alio  the  two  prio- 
cipal  chorufles  in  the  opera*  the  whoie 
of  which  are  incorporated  with  moch 
theoretical  addrefs,  ax^d  reikft  confider- 
able honour  on  this  ingenious  muficiao. 
Overture  to  the  Algcrinc  Corfair,  as  per- 
formed  at  the  Royal  Circus  3  compofcd  and 
arranged  for  the  piano-forte,  by  y,  Sander' 
fin.     M.  Rilcy. 

This  overture  comprifcs  two  mort- 
ments ;  the  firft  of  which  is  in  i  krgSy 
the  fecond  in  common  tiine,  allegro  mcde- 
raio.  The  one  is  happiiy'introduAory  to 
the  other,  and  the  general  efle^  perfcaW 
adapted  to  the  fubjeft  of  the  piece.  V/e 
are  obliged  to  oblervej  that  fome  little 
negligences  in  the  hannony  occur  ^  foch^ 
for  mftance,  as  the  two  coniJccutive 
o^aves  in  the  foui'th  line  of  the  fifth  pgc, 
which  we  notice  rather,  to  point  out  to 
Mr,  Saukdrrson  how  cafy  fuch  dji'- 
allowances  aie  to  be  avoided,  than  to 
infer  that  they  form  any  great  drawbacks 
to  the  general  merit  of  the  compofuion. 

Numben  V  and  VI.  Of  Apollo  et  Terrf^- 
chore,  continued  monthly,  is.  6d.  e..h 
number.  Koltc. 

The  prefent  number  fupport  the  credit, 
and  eompleat  the  firft  volume,  oi  tVss 
agreeable  and  ferviqwble  little  work. 
Upon  reviewing  the  contents  of  this  vo- 
lume, we  find  in  it  thirty- feveu  nsotty 
ments,  vocal  and  inilrumental }  much 
the  greater  part  of  which  are  ftltx^uil 
with  tafte,  and  greatly  calculated  to  im- 
prove the  tyro  inmufic. 
Numbers  V.  ;»nd  VI.  Of  the  Naval  artd  Mili- 
tary Gentleman's  complete  Mufical  C'*r:- 
pendium.  it.  6d.  each  number.  Ro!*V. 
This  wdrk,  fo  accommodating  in  itt 
plan,  to  thofe  who  are  partial  to  martial 
muiic,  proceeds  with  anicles  of  tbt  lame 
rank  ot  meri^  as  thoie  with  which  it 
commenced.  Such  pierts  a«i  the  Gonl 
March    in    Rinaldg,    The   Wcftminitrr 

Ma.Ji 


Cimit  Ltfi  if  Km  fubHattkM. 


453 


Marcht  and  ikt  Ldndcil  Vokinteerc* 
March,  d6  credit  to  thfe  talle  of  their 
compiler,  and  cannot  but  be  Mtra^live  to 
the  judicious  amatiire. 

*«  Country  and  Town,"  a  parody  on  Captain 
Morris's  "  Town  aad  Country^*'  fting  by 
Mr,  Dignum,  at  the  Theatre  Royal,  Drury 
lane  \  compoCed  by  Mt.  Moulds*,     is. 

SkUlcrn. 
'*  County  and  Town,**  is  not  one  of 
thoic  productions  that  can  greatly  add  to 
the  reputation  of  Mr.  Moulds  as  a 
compofert  its  material  defects  are  the 
want  of  originality,  and  the  ill  choice  of 


^  bafs.  The  paflaget,  liowever,  low 
into  each  other  with  a  natural  etfe,  ami 
the  effisft  of  the  whole  is  tolerably  en- 
gaging. 

**  Tm  an  IrlOinian  born,**  fung  by  Mr.  John- 

ftone,   in  the  Raft  \    compofcd   by  Mr. 

Retve,  Longman  and  Brodcrip, 

,  This  fong  is  tolerably  charafleriftic, ' 

but  wants    that  vivacious,  penetrating 

,cffc6l  which  the  heft  lively  airs  of  the 

Hibernian  mufes  are  found  to  oroduce. 

It  is  Irifh  in  every  thing  but  (pirit :  it 

has  the  flyle  to  a  certain  degree,  but  does 

not  fuflSciently  enforce  it. 


A  CORRECT  LIST  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 

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copies  (ff  the  fame. 


EDVCATIOK. 

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Mathews, 

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Pradical  EJucation.  By  Maria  Edgcioortb, 
Author  oi  Lcucrs  lar  literary  Ladies.  By 
Richard Lt^uell  Edgc^Wirtb,  F.  R.  S. M.  R. I.  A. 
a  vols-  4to.  Johnfpn. 

New  and  complete  Difiklonary  of  the  EngUOi 
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A  Letter  addrefTed  to  Lord  Chief  JuHicc 
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and  the  facility  with  which  the  loofc  and 
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•  Robfoa. 

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•     ■  LAW. 

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as.'6d.  Ridgeway  and  Jordan. 

Ircatift 


AH 


Ctrtta  tijl  9f  KiW  TiASeMtMi. 


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MtOlCIKl. 

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the  Critical  Philoftohy>  Sec  6d.      Longman. 

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Windermere, 


Nna^PMe0iians  in  Jum. 


455 


WMenneTes  t  Poem,  tf^^^tftfk 
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MS.  belonging  to  hit  Grace  of  Bridgewater, 
Svo.  6a.  RiTington. 

POLITICAL  XCONOMT. 

Planfor  caiTing  the  taxea  Importiallyy  and 
alowft  free  of  £xpence,  by  Frands  jUamst 
214.  It.  M.  Richardfont. 

The  Sixth  Report  of  tl»e  Soeiety  %  better- 
iag  the  condition  of  the  Poor»  completing  the 
Arft  voivmc,  it.  Hatched. 

VOLlTZCt. 

Tlae  Canfct  oT  the  RebeUioft  in  Ireland  dif- 
dofcd,  in  an  Addrefs  to  the  People  of  En- 
gland, by  an  Jrijb  Emigrmt,  it.  6d.     Jordan. 

Theory  of  tie  Mttionri  Debt,  with  Ob- 
fcrvationson  the  Land  Tax,  and  the  prefent 
Situatioo  of  Stock-boldert,  6d.  Jordan. 

ScriAuret  on  the  lau  Motion  of  the  Duke 
•f  Leiofter  and  Mr.  Sheridan,  and  a  paragraph 
M  the  fffui-ofisial  Chromeleof  Oppo&tfen: 
Bj  Strntel  Hmbali,  M.  A.  6d.  Faulder. 

Talkycand*a  Defence:  Stiidnres  on  the 
American  Papett,  delivered  by  the  PreAdent 
«f  the  American  Statet  to  the  Congrefi,  re- 
lative to  fome  Charget  againft  the  French 
Miaiftry,  by  itf.  TtHtfrm^f  Miotfter  of  Fo- 
reign  Affiira  in  France,  6d.  Jordan. 

Speculative  Sketch  of  Europoy  tranflated 
itom  the  French  of  Monf.  Dumoorier.  To 
ivhkh  «re  prefixed,  Sui€biret  upon  tiie  Chap- 
ter relative  to  Great  Britain,  2s.  6d. 

rntcnanL 

A  Letter  to  the  Author  of  Confidentiont 
vpoB  the  Sute  cf  Public  Afiain,  ftc.  &c. 
tranfiatcd  from  the  French  of  Mr,  ^C^***\ 
zs.  Hatchard. 

A  Cool  Appeal  to  the  fober  Senfe  of  En- 
^fliOuDimi  or  Republicaniftn  and  Monarchy 
coofidered,  it.  Hatchard. 

A  Letter  to  the  Right.  Hon.  William  Pitr, 
by  a  Country  Clergyman,  it.  Bell. 

A  Collection  of  IntereltSng  Tiadt  on  the 
Affura  of  Ireland,  large  8yo.  151,     Debrett. 
raiMTt. 

Two  curioot  Mintaturet,*  from  the  Origi 
aanl  Paintingt  in  his  Majefty*t  Collection,  by 
Kolbe:n,  of  the  Children  of  the  oelebrate4 
Oharlet  Brandon, 'Duke  of  Suftblk,  by  his 
^rh  wife,  Catherine  WiUoughby,  engraved 
hy  Airtdbaw,—* printedineolourt,  foaito  ex- 
mt^y  refomble  the  originalt,  xl.  it.  Robfon. 

JEtchingi,  by  the  late  Mr.  GainAMUOugh. 
Twelve  I'rinta  of  Landfcape  Scenery,  with 

MonrmurhlAQ.  No.  xxzii. 


eattlte.and  figures;    the  platei  have  never 

Meefl  wbrkol  upon  by  as/  other  artift*  3I.  f, 

"    •  ,  Boydella. 

Sue  Etching!  of  LaodTcape,  kc,  by  P.  T. 
Pouncey,  after  Drawin^^  by  T.  Abmr,  F.  S.A. 
15s.  Qarke. 

YoungH  Ntght  Thougfata,  deconted  with 
aopropriate  Defigna,  by  Mr.  Btsh,  Part  I. 
il.  It.  Ro^foBi 

The  2d  aad  3d  Prints  of  Mr.  OerkiU  Vlewa 
of  the  Iron  Bridge  at  Sunderland.  PVice  of 
the  three  Prints,  xl.  ixs.  6d.  Taylor. 

TKXOLOGY. 

The  Sermons  and  Charget  of  the  Rev^ 
John  Thomas,  late  Lord  Blihop  of  Rochefter, 
publiihed  from  hit  original  MSS.  by  C.  jf, 
Tbomof,  A.  M.  reAor  of  Woolwich,  t  vols. 
Svo.  14a.  Rivinfton. 

Treatife  on  the  Church  Catechifm,  con* 
ilfting  of  LeChirea  delivered  at  the  parifk 
church  of  Chifwick,  during  Lent,  bv  theikcv. 
yama  Trebtck^  vicar  of  Chifwick,  6s. 

Rlvinxtena. 

Hiftory  of  the  Life  and  death  of  our  Bleire4 
Striour,  by  Mrs.  Catbtrim  WOylty^  yt.  6d. 
Rivinctipnt. 

Ridicule,  the  moft  fucccfsful  Adveriary  of 
the  Truth;  a  Sermon  preached  at  Ipfwicby 
April  X79S,  by  Jetn  RohtrtSf  A.M.  ?jbQ^ 
of  Greeting,  is.  Rivingtont. 

Sermons  on  ▼ariout  Subie^,  by  the  Rev. 
Mkbard  MarfbtM^  A.  B.  Fellow  of  Dutwic$ 
College.  To  which  it  added,  an  Addreft  X» 
the  Deity,  in  the  manner  of  Pr.  Fordycc^ 
Svo.  5a.  boards.  Rl^hardfon. 

The  prefent  Crifit  of  AiFairt,  a  Serxnoa 
preached  at  Weftminfter  Abbey,  on  He^ttoa 
Sunday,  May  X3th,  X79S,  by  /f^.  CnU^  D.  D. 
It.  RivangtonandHatohand. 

Sermon  on  Eafter  pay,  179S,  3d.  DiUy. 

Naval  Sermont,  preached  on  board  hit  Ma- 
jefty*s  fliip  ImpetieuXjin  the  weAem  fquadron^ 
during  itt  fervkes  off  Breft,  ly  ^miut  Stoma' 
Qarke,  F.  R.  8w  domeiHc  chaplnia  io  tl^ 
Prince  of  Wales,  49-  boards.  ^'/^ 

The  Rev.  Archer  Thompfon*t  Anniveittfj 
>SQnnon  for  the  Royal  Humane  Societf^ 
preached  at  Ebury  chapel,  May  *o>  xyoS^ 
To  which  is  fubjoined  an  Appendix  on  R*» 
fufcitation  by  the  Society,  ja.  Dllly. 

A  Letter  to  the  Rev.  Joh|i  Martin»  occnv 
fioned  by  the  publication  of  a  Seraaon  preache4 
at  Broad-ftrect,  X4|h  January^  r7^%»  6d. 

Button* 

Remarkt  on  the  above  Letter,  6d. 

Gardener,  Prlncet-ftrecC 

An  Addreft  to  t^e  Board  of  Baptift  Mini* 
ften>  hyJobfiM^im,  it.  Martin,  jua^ 

A  Sermon  preacheii  in  the  Chapel  of  the 
Foundling  Hofpital,  Tune  ad,  179S,  on  the 
Confecration  of  the  Q»loart  prefeated  by  the 
Rt.  hon.  L^dy  Loughborough  to  the  EtooMv 
bury  and  Innt  pf  Court  .AiTociation^  com* 
aiahdedi>y  Lieut.Col.  Cox ;  by  2'.XPi^»L.Li>. 
wfbr  of  St.  Georgt'a,  Bloom(bury,  zt. 

CadoUandlPaTiet. 
}K  The 


♦56 


f/ffV'PitUicatics,^^jkc9U9U  0/  Dlfiafes. 


the  Political  at  well  »  Moral  Coafe- 
jucnccs  refuking  terpeaivdiy  from  ReUgioiu 
Sdttcaeioa  and  its  Revcrfe,  deduced  from 
Jliftory   and   Ezainple,  by  Si,    A  NkMls, 

n        9*^anofMiddleham,  if.  Rivington. 

•  ^  Prcdeftination calmly  confidcred  from  Prin- 
^^P*f»  oj;  Rwfon^  inconfiaent  wiph  the  Na- 
ture of  Things,  and  the  Scriptures  of  Truth. 
To  which  arc  added,  Answers  to  guerics  on  ^ 
Fredcftmatiofl,  by  miham  Tucker^  as.  fewed. 

Bagaer. 

^  TOPOCJIA.THY. 

The  Hiftory  of  the  Incorporated  Town  and 
Pari/hea  x>f  Gravefend  and  Milton,  in  the 
County  of  Kent,  feleded  with  accuracy  from 
topographical  writen ,  and  enriched  from  ma- 
ftttlicripts  hitherto  unnoticed.  los.  6d. 

Robinfon. 

The  Hiilory  and  Antiquities  of  Rocheftcr 
Cathedral,  6d.  Robinfon. 

FRXHCH  AND  ITALIAN. 

Voyage dcIaPeyroufe,  autour'du  Monde, 
4  ▼ols.  4to.  with  an  Atlas,  folio,  (price,  heft 
W^t  13  guineas,  fnuUer,  ii  guineas)  and 
4  voU.  8vo.  with  or  without  Aclas^ 
4I.  141.  6d.  Imported  by  A.  DuUu  and  Co. 

Mellc  Paftorals,  parM.  PeFlurian,  as.  6d. 
Pulau  and  Co. 

•  Abr^dih  Grammalce  Francoifc,  deM. 
L^Abbe  D^  Levizac,  is.  6d.f  PuUu  and  Co. 

La  Voix  du  Patriotil'me  dans  la  Circon- 
Ibnceprefentie,  par  F.  Prtt'ofiy  Miniftcr  Angli- 
can, erPafture  de  L*Eglifc  Francoifc  Confor- 
mite  ditte  le  Quarre,  Membre  de  TAcade- 
Vledes  Arcades  de  Rome,  is.  6d.      Deboffe. 

Notice  'Hiftorique  pour  et  Cootre  les  def- 


centes  ()ui  oot  ete  faites  dam  let  Idea  Mtaa* 
oique,  1%,  6d.  Deboffc. 

.  Saint-Jullen,  ou  Mcmoircs  d^un  Perc  de 
Famille,  imitc  dc  TAUemand  d*Aug\]fte  La- 
/oncaine,  2  voU.  5s.  Deboffe. 

Sotinet,  ou  la  Clemencede'ReTeillotyTra- 
gedie  burlefque,  ts.  6d.  Debofiv. 

Elegia  dl  Tommaite  Gray,  Poete  Inglcfc, 
Da  Eflb  fcritta  in  un  cimitero  Campcftre ;  Tra- 
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Rome,  4to.  as.  6d.  Gardiner. 

Booh  imforted  hj  7.  Boofj^  No.  4,  OU  Bro^ 
Street. 

(Euvres  de  St.  Pierre,  7  toIs.  17s.  6d. 

CEuvres  de  Florian,  S  vols.  tl.  is. 
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Abreg^  de  l*Hift.  Naturelle,  par  lUf^ 
t  vols.  fig.  8s. 

Incas,  par  Marmomtil,  %  vols.  5s. 

Smile,  par  Benffum^t  4  vols.  Ss. 

Heloife,  par  Rouffeau^  3  voU.  xos.  6d. 

Entretiens,  par  La  Ftttf  a  vols.   5s. 

Origines  dcs  Cultcs,  par  Dufaitf  t%  ▼•Is. 
8vc.  31. 

NEW  NOVELS. 

•    LeSortdesFemmes,  fig.  ».  6d. 

Pauline  et  Mar,  fig.  as.  fid. 

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Antonio,  3s.  M. 

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a  vols.  3s. 

Gagenr  Dangerenfes,  35.  fid.  dta.  ^.  &c. 


ACCOUNT  OF  DISEASES  IN  LONDON^ 

From  tbi  2otb  tf  May  to  the  %ott  of  Jkne. 


ACUTE  DISEASES. 


pERIPNEUMOmA  NOTHA 

Typhus  Mitior 
Intertnittent  Fever 
Meafles 
Chicken  Pox 
Acute  RhevmatHm 

CHRONIC  DISEASES. 
Coughr 
Dyfpncsa 

Cough  and  Dyipnan 
Haemoptyfis 

Pulmonary  'CooAimptioii 
Hydrothonx 
Aicites 

Anafarca  •  •  ^ 

Ophthalmia 
Fluor  albus 

Menorrhagia  * 

Mniorrhagia  Oia^Uakuni 
Anortue  •  • 

Afue  uorrhssa        •  • 

Chlorofis  •  • 

.GaftrodynU  • 


No.  ofCafa. 


a 

3 

2 

4 
S 

a 

6 

4 
10 

a 
a 
t 
a 
6 
a 

7 
a 
2 
I 
4 
3 
6 


Pyfpepfia 

Vomitus 

Enterodynia 

Procidentia  Vagina 

Hernia 

Hvmorrhois 

Dyfuria 

Enurefis  -  • 

Scrophula 

Hypochondriafis  » 

Hyfteria 

Palpitatio 

Iffemiplegia 

Paralyfis 

Vertigo 

Cephalalgia         • 

Epilepfy 

Herpes 

— -Puftulofus    . 

Prurigo 

Nettle  rafli 

Chronic  Rheumatifm 

PUERPERAL  DISEASES 
Ephcxncra        ■•  • 


5 

a 

4 
a 
1 
3 
3 
I 

4 

3 

a 
t 
I 
4 
6 
I 
6 
4 
4 
a 

5 


PvCTpexai 


Dtfea/es....P»Utc  ^khri 


4Sf 


Pttf  rpenl  Fever  -  •  r 

Menorrhagia  lochialis  -  -  t 

hbt^odjtiz  -  -  S 

Rbagat  Papillte  *  •4 

Swelling  of  lower  ciCremity  -  t 

INFANTILE  DISEASES. 
Aphthae  •  -  -  3 

Coovulfions  •  -  ;  % 

Hooping  Cough  -  .6 

Hire  lip  .  .  .  1 

Tooth  raft  -  -  .  a 

During  the  laft  few  weeks,  troiiblefuine 
affcJlioiis  of  the  head  have  been  very  fre- 
quent. In  fome  inftancesy  confiderable 
pain,  particularly  in  the  forehead,  giddi- 
nefs,  flight  coma,  or  tranlient  phrenitis, 
ieemed  to  conftkute  the  primary  and  idio- 
pathic difeaie,  whilft,  in  other  inftances, 
they  have  been  fymptomatic.  Fevers  have 
been  attended  with  a  more  than  xifual  de- 
termination to  the  head,  and,  in  fome 
cafes,  after  the  remiffion  of  other  fymp- 
toms,  thefe  afFeAiont  of  the  head  have 
coi\t*nued.  They  have  alfo  been  the  at- 
tendants of  fome  chronic  difeafes.  Rheu- 
matism has,  in  fome  inftances,  been  ac- 
companied with  pains  in  the  head,  and 
tranlient  giddinefs,  frequently  returning. 
In  dylbepttc  and  hypochondriacal  patients, 
thefe  lymptoms  have  been  more  frequent 
than  ufuai,  axki  have  produced  in  the  mind 
of  the  patient,  an  apprehenfion  of  a  more 
ferlous  attack  of  the  paralytic, or  apo- 
plectic kind.  Thefe  fymptoms  have  been 
relieved  by  very  different  treatment.  In 
fome  cafes,  citaer  fpontaneous^  vomiting. 


or  the  emptying  of  tfce  ftomacli  by  a 
gentle  emetic,  has  ptx>dticed  relief,  awl- 
where  the  ftomach  has  thus  appeared  to- 
be  primarily  af!e£led,  a  flight ly  bitter  in- 
fuiion,  accomp;\nied  with  the  occasional 
ufe  of  gentle  euoprotics,  has  renaoved  the 
complaint.  In  other  inftances,  where  the 
appearance  of  the  countenance  and  the 
ie^fations  of  the  patient  indicated  fome 
plenitude  in  the  veflels  of  the  head,  the( 
application  of  leeches  to  the  temples  anA 
of  blifters  behind  the  cars,  followed  byi 
the  ufe  of  cathaitic  remedies,  appeoitd'to 
be  the  moft  fuccefsful  treatment. 

I>ifferent  fpecies*  of  eruption  of  the  (kin* 
have  lately  prevailed,  particularly  amongft 
children.  They  have,  in  fome  inftances,- 
affumed  the  appearance  of  that  which  is 
attendant  upon  the  meafles.  In  fome  pa-' 
tients,  the  eyes  were  affeded  with  flieht 
inflammation,  in  others,  fome  diiHciuty 
of  breathing,  with  a  quicknefs  of  the 
pulfe,  and  m  others,  a  very  troublefome 
Itching  attending  the  eruption.  In  a  few 
inftances,  puftuTes  were  formed,  and  iiri 
one  inftance,  finall  vcfides  appeared. 
Thefe  fymptoms,  when  accompanied  with 
heat  and  quicknefs  of  pulfe,  were  moft 
eafily  removed  by  gentle  purging  and  the 
ufe  of  antimonials,  in  fmafldofes:  but 
where  the  difeafe  appeared  to  be  merely 
cutaneous,  (mall  doles  of  calomel,  with  a 
lotion  of  kali  fulphuratum,  and  now  and 
then  a  gentle  catnartic,  proved  fufficient 
for  the  removal  of  fyipptoms.  . 


STATE 


GREAT  BRITAIN 

THE  official  journals,  iince  our  laft, 
have  been  replete  with  the  moft  me- 
lancholy details.  The  nature  of  thefe 
events  continue  to  be  the  more  enveloped 
in  darkncfs  on  account  of  the  ufual  chan- 
nels of  parliamentary  intelligence,  upon 
this  fubje^l,  being  cut  off.  Under  the 
head  of  Ireland,  however,  we  have  fe- 
lef)ed,  from  the  official  reports,  a  brief 
account  of  the  feveral' engagements  be- 
tween the  king's  troops  and  the  people.  ' 
The  parliamentary  proceedings,  fincft 
the  publication  of  our  laft  number,  have 
been  principally  confined  to  the  complet- 
ing of  the  feveral  bills  before  the  two 
^o\ifes.  Mr.  Pitt,  on  the  25thofMav, 
obffrved  to  tbe  commons,  that  on  the 
Wednefday  following,  he  intended  to 
bring  forward  a  motion  for  the.  augmetj- 
tation  of  the  number  of  feamen  j  to  fe- 
cond  this  purpofe,  he  immediately  moved 
fur  leave  to  bring  in  a  bill  to  ^fpcxiA  two 


OF    PUBLIC   AFFAIRS, 
In  June^  1798. 

aas  of  parliament  which  granted  jmo* 
te«5lion  to  perfons  of  various  cla/lcs .  The 
neceflity  of  the  meafure  was  obvious,  anfl 
to  carry  it  into  immediate  ciFe£t;  he 
wiflied  the  bill  to  go  through  all  its  ftagea 
that  day,  and  to  be  fent  to  the  lords  in 
the  evening. 

Mr.  TiKRNEYfaid,  he  had  not  hfar4 
any  thing  ofFei-cd  bv  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer,  to  juftify  fo  precipitate  a 
mealure.  Mr.PiTT  replied,  that  any  ge»- 
tleman  who  was  hoftile  to  a  meafure  ne- 
cefl&ry  to  defeat  tbe  objeft  of  France* 
pofle^l  fentiments  refpfriiing  liberty,  xx^ 
taHy  different  from  thofe  which  he  would 
ever  maintain.  Mr.  Tiernbv  conceived 
this  aflertion  as  a  perfona!  attack,  and 
•theiefore  lutirely  Uflparliamentary,  -  and 
threw  bitfilelf  on  t^ie  pi-ote^ion  of  the 
houfej  after  havih$  heard  fuch  a  charge 
made  agaTfiftliim,  as  that  he  was  defiroos 
to  irapeile  the  defence  of  the  country.  The 
Speaker  &id,  that  if  the  language  ttM 
3  N  a  by 


♦5« 


5iai9  9f  PuhUi  Jfiirt. 


^  the  Right  Hoa.  GfBtkmaa,  wis  ch« 
mm  t(  the  otHtr  Hod.  Gentkman  com- 
plained of,  it  ctrtainljr  wu  diiordcrly  and 
uaparliamenttry.  Mr.  Pitt  repliedj  that 
if  the  hoafe  waited  for  an  explanation 
firomhiniy  they  wouUl  wait  a  long  time 
iadaed.  The  bill  for  the  fofpcniiou  of 
Bft-ottftiottSy  was  then  hurried  through  all 
tu  Ibgety  carried  to  the  lbnlt»  and  the 
wax  dMy  received  the  royal  alTent ;  and  in 
fkn  cveniagy  carried  into  efiefl  upon  the 
nvw  Thanes  and  other  placet » 

Upon  the  fecond  nading  of  the  land* 
tn  redempciott  billy  in  the  noufe  of  brdt, 
«A  tlw  Sth  of  June,  the  Earl  of  Suffolk 
ftroBgly  contended)  that  the  landed  in- 
tercft  would  be  ftrioudy  affeAed  by  itt 
operation^  and,  that  to  add  frc(h  burdens 
to  thofe  which  already  exiiled  on  that  very 
mduable  part  of  the  coramunityt  would 
be  highly  imprudent.  Lord  Thuelow 
•blerred,  upon  this  occafion,  that  he  op- 
poied  the  mcafure  irom  his  judgment  and 
•onfeience,  a|id  viewing  it  in  every  pofli- ' 
We  light,  he  did  not  heliute  to  pronounce 
ituajuft  and  dangerous.  His  lordihip  then 
wmt  at  ibme  length  into  the  legal  conii- 
deration  of  different  clau(es  of  the  billi 
vrhich  he  pointedly  condemned.  Lord 
Auckland,  on  the  contrsry, urged,  that 
from  tlie  plaineft  and  moh  conciTe  arlth- 
metical  calculations,  the  ODoft  material 
benefits  would  refult  from  the  financial 
•pcration  of  the  bill,  which  would  evi- 
dently extinguifli  £rom  60  to  So  millions 
of  the  3  per  cents.  The  Lords  Holland 
and  Cab  EN  A  a  VON  argued  againfl  the 
btU.  Upon  a  divtfion,  there  appeared  for 
the  bill  a?,  againfl  it  7.  This  bill  was 
pnfird  into  a  law  « lew  days  afterwards. 

The  houfe  of  commons,  on  the  5th  of 
}«ie,  went  into  a  committee  on  the  newf- 
aaper  bill.  The  Attorney  General  ob- 
ierndt  that  however  gentlemen  might 
kavc  underttood  it  etberwife,  this  bill 
would  attach  no  rcfponfibility  to  proprie- 
tors of  newfb^ers,  but  what  the  law  at 
praleni  impoied  ;  and  to  accommodate  the 
objeAtons  of  gentlemen,  he  ihould  propofc 
ahat '«  Kefponfibility  (hould  attach  to  only 
4htfc  proprietors.**  The  Speaker  iaid» 
that  he  thought  two  inflead  of  three  pro- 
prietors, would  be  fufliclcnt  refponfibilitv, 
added  to  the  printer  and  publiflier.  The 
Attoniey  faid,  that  from  the  very  re- 
^pe^bk  quarter  from  whence  the  amcnd- 
ncntaama*  he  ihoold  agree  to  it.  This 
bill  was  pafled  a  few  days  afterwards, 

Mr.  fecretary  Dxjndas,  on  the  zath 
«f  Juae,  prefeated  amefl*age  to  the  com- 
mons firom  faia  majefty,  purporting  that 
kiaMa^y  depended,  mt  the  prticat  cri- 


tipd  caiyun£biR|OahtafaithliilaQnBMMa 
to  provide  l^ich  means  and  meafures  as 
the  exigetifeies  of  afEurs  might  require. 
This  meflage  was  ordered  to  be  takca 
into  confideratloo  the  ncit  day.  A  fimi- 
lar  meflage  was  prefentcd  on  the  &nie  dsy 
to  the  houie  of  iorda»  by  the  Lord  Chan* 
cellor.  The  earl  of  Suffolk  rofe,  and 
fkid,  he  wifhcd  ta  obuin  ienne  infonna- 
tion  from  the  noble  iecretary  (Lord 
Grbnville)  with  refpea  to  theobjeft 
of  the  meflkj;e.  Lord  Ore  v  villi  re- 
pL'ed,  that  it  was  ufual  for  his  Majdiy 
to  fend  a  meflage  of  that  nature  to  the 
houfe  in  time  ofwar.  and  at  the  dofe  cl 
the  feflion. 

Mr.  St.  ToHNf  in  the  houfe  of  com- 
mons, :>n  the  i  ith  of  June,  role  to  make 
his  promlfed  motion  refpeAing  Mcffirs. 
Arthur  and  Roger  O^Conkor.  Ib 
what  he  had  to  fuffiffft^  he  laid,  erery 
thing  would  be  avotoed  that  related  to 
the  unhappy  ftate  of  Ireland.  After  con- 
tending that  the  lath  and  x6thclauibof 
the  Habeas  Corpus  a£l,  were,  in  the  ca6 
of  thefe  gentlemen,  grofsly  infringed  00, 
if  not  wholly  violated  i  he  entered  into  a 
detail  of  Mr.  Roger  0*Coknor*s  cafe, 
from  his  confineinent  in  Ireland  till  bii 
acquittal;  his  arrival  in  England,  hil 
tranfmiffion  to  Irriand  j  and,  finallv,  the 
occurrences  regarding  him  at  Maidnooe{ 
together  with  ux  arreft  there  of  Mr.  An* 
THUR  O^CoNNoR,  at  the  moment  of  ac- 
quittal, and  the  tranfportationof  thetws 
brothers  to  Ireland,  under  frefh  chai^ 
of  treafonable  pra6liccs — the  whole  of 
which,  he  contended,  were  a  chain  of  ia- 
frineements  on  Maena  Charta,  the  Bill(tf 
Rignts,  and  the  palladium  of  Enjrlifli  li- 
berty, the  Habeas  Corpus  ad.  The  k^ 
tory  of  England,  he  Uid»  produced  bo 
parallel  to  the  cafes  of  thefe  twa  brotfaen. 
He  then  moved  for  copies  of  the  wananti 
upon  which  Mr.  Arthur  0*Connoi 
and  Mr.  Roger  O'Connor  were  lately 
appiiehended.  He  next  moved  for  copies 
of  eztraAs  of  aH  lettters  and  commuaica* 
tions  from  Lord  Camden,  which  cos- 
tained  any  account  of  the  charges  agaiod 
thoTe  gentlemen.  Mr.  Sheridan  lecood- 
cd  the  motion.  The  Attorney  Gcoeral 
contended,  that  thele  motions  were  boftile 
to  public  juiCice,  as  well  as  to  the  perfbos 
who  min  the  objeds  of  them.  He  bad 
reafon  to  prefume  there  was  ground  fcr 
the  arreftauon  of  Mr.  Arthur  OXo9- 
nor,  at  the  condufion  <^  his  trial  -,  at 
any  rate,  he  was  bound  to  believe  tliat 
the  noble  fecretarv,  .under  who6  wanrant 
he  was  detained^  had  documents  autiw- 
rl&og  fttch  a  tianfadioBi  iMrwouldk 

pitfume, 


Stati  if  PitiSc  Affairs. 


459 


ftefbimrbiit  ikttfhmafadi\»  wa«  right. 
He  fliewed  how  the  law  applied  in  fcveral 
inftancety  wliich  had  occuired  of  perfons 
-  for  feloDyand  other  high  critiiPs,bciDg  tried 
tfl  one  coimty  and  acquitted ;  fent  to  the 
oext^  and  {o  on  prcgreffively,  until  th^ 
were  at  kngih  put  on  their  trials  in  thole 
counties,  where  they  had  afhially  com- 
mitted offences,  and  therein  conviued  \  as 
mail  robbers  for  inftance.  Meiirs  Ti  E n- 
VEy»  NzcHOLSy  Shbrxdan,  JlKrLLy 
and  Sii'  Francis  Bvkditt,  fpoke  in 
£ivour  of  the  motion  \  the  Solicitor  Qcne- 
ral,  Mr.  Windham,  and  Mr.  Dun  pas 
againft  it.  The  houie  divided — Ayet 
15 — Noet  X04. 

On  the  1 3th  of  June,  when  the  houfe 
being  in  a  committee,  upon  the  meiTage 
(ent  from  his  Majefty  the  pceceeding  day, 
Mr.  Dun  DAS  moved  «  that  the  ium  of 
one  million,  be  granted  to  his  Majefty,  to. 
enable  him  to  dilappoint  the  dcfigns  and 
cnterprizes  of  the  common  enemy  i  and 
to  be  employed,  as  the  exigency  of  the 
ftate  may  require."  General  Tarleton 
and  Mr.  Tiernet  oppofed  this  motion, 
and  wiihed  fome  explanation  to  be  giveu^ 
as  to  the  application  of  the  money.  On 
the  other  lund  it  was  fupported  by  Mciirs* 
BuNDAS,  RosK,  and  Windham.  Mr. 
Baker  moved,  that  this  grant  ihould  be 
two  millions,  this  was  oppoied  ;  and  the 
original  motion  was  palled.  Mr.  Rose 
^bes  moved,  that  three  millions  and  a  half 
be  granted  to  his  Majeity,  to  be  railed  on 
Excheouer  Bills — ordered. 

On  the  14th  of  Jure,  previous  to  the 
order  of  the  day,  for  Mr.  Sheridan*s 
motion  upon  the  ttate  of  Ireland  \  Mr. 
Baker  moved  the  readine  of  the  ((and- 
ing  order  of  the  houfe,  excluding  firangert 
from  the  gallery,  during  the  debate,which 
was  read,  and  the  Speaker  immediatelv 
^fired  the  gallery  to  be  cleared.  While 
ftrangers  were  departing,  Mr.  Abbot 
obferved,  that,  it  any  perfon  whatever, 
prefumed  to  publilh,  or  reprelent  what 
pafled,  or  might  be  fii^pofiMi  to  have  paf- 
icd  in  the  houfe  that  night,  he  would  be 
coniidervd  as  guilty  of  a  breach  of  privi- 
lege, and  puniihed  accordingly.  No 
ftrangers  were  admitted,  but  it  has  been 
/aid,  that  Mr  Sheridan,  after  a  fpeech 
of  an  hour  and  a  half,  in  which  he  quoted 
IrORD  Fitzwilliam's  Icttcrs'to  Lq^RP 
Carlisle,  and  Mr.  Burke's  letter  to 
Sir  Hercules  Langri&he,  moved  for 
a  committee,  which  ihould  be  cither  pub- 
lic or  private,  to  inquire  into  the  iPondu6it, 
which  httl  led  to  the  prcfent  unhappy  re- 
bcUlofe  J  arid  belbre^  which  he  faid,  he 
LoAd  PrrzwiLLiAit, 


Mr.  Grattan,  .  Sir  Ral^h  Ab«r« 

c RO  MBife,  &c.  This  motion  was  oppo- 
ied by  Mr.  Canning,  Lord  Hawkes* 
BURY,  Mr  Dunoas,  and  Mr.  Wjnd- 
H AM .  It  was  fupported,  by  feveral  mem* 
bers  in.oppofition,  and  alfo  by  Doctor 
Lawrence,  who  (poke  an  hour  vA% 
half,  the  fentiments  of  the  late  Mr.  Burkitt 
and  Lord  Fitzwilliam  upon  this  fub.^ 
je&.  The  houfe  divided.  Ayes  43 — ^Noea 
159.  Mr.  Sheridan  then,  without  anf 
debate,  moved  for  an  addrefs  to  bit 
Majbsty,  upon  the  (bte  of  Ireland« 
which  was  negatived  without  adivifion. 

On  the  next  dav  in  the  houle  of  LonU« 
the  fame  bufineis  was  brought  forwardt 
under  the  fame  rcftrifkion.  As  the  bufi- 
nefs  was  coming  on,  and  Lord  Sur-* 
polk  was  proceeding  to  make  (bme  it* 
mark,  the  Bishop  of  RocHisTBR  calM 
out,  clear !  dear !  of  courfe  ilrangcn  im«> 
mediately  withdrew.  The  Dukr  of 
L£INST£R,  it  was  underftood,  then  mado 
a  motion  relative  to  Ireland^  which  wao 
negatived  by  70  againft  19. 

Mr.  Dun  DAS,  on  the  i8th  of  Juim^ 
brought  up  a  meflage  firomhis  Majestt^ 
im|>orting,  that  liveral  regiments  ^ 
militia,  had  made  a  voluntary  tender  of 
their  fervices,  to  affift  in  fupprefling  the 
rebellion,  that  now  unhappily  prevails  ia 
Ireland ;  hi^  M  A  J  K  s  T  Y,  therefore^  reconu 
mends  it  to  his  faithful  commons,  to  cone 
iiderof  the  mea^s  of  enabling  him»  for  % 
time,  and  to  an  extent  to  be  limited,  to  ac* 
cept  of  the  iervices  of  fuch  militia  i«fi« 
mcnts,  as  might  wlih  to  be  fo  employed* 

This  meflage  was  taken  into  confvlera-* 
tion  by  the  houfe  the  next  day,  upos 
which  a  debate  of  confiderabk  length,  and 
of  great  wannth  took  place  j  Mr.  DuM- 
DAS  moved  the  addicfs.    It  was  oppoied 
by  Mr.  Nicholls,  upon  the  ground* 
that  the  meafure  was  uacooftitucionalf 
and  that  no  communication  had  beea 
made  to  that  houfe,  from  thecxecutiwt 
power  explanatory,  of  the  caules  of  the 
exiiticg  rebellion  in  Ireland.    If  the  Iriik 
government  had  a£ted  agreeably  to  the 
wlihes  of  the  people,  it  would  Kave  been- : 
impcilibie,  that  luch  a  iituatioa  as  the 
preiedt,  could  have  occurred;  the  houie  . 
ought  to  know,  fomething^  the  fonndAr  \ 
tion  of   the  difpute,  belore    they   prOi- 
ceeded  to  fai^^lion  the  meafiires  ado^ted^ . 
againft  the  people  of  Ireland  :  fome^plih 
nation  was  neceiTory,  previous  to  thc;paiC'  - 
liament  oflvngland,  taking  .pact  :W)th-^ 
executive govcmnianf*  Mr,  M.  A.  TaY- 
LOR,  Sir  Lawrenqr  F^i^,  and  Mr. 
PieR.R^>piNt   confidered  *  the    meaiure 
aut  only  aa  hoftik  to  the  con^utlon  of 

the 


46o 


Stati  of  PuhUc  Affain. 


the  cotmtry,  but  teistling  to  Icflfen  the  re- 
fpeAabilHy  of  the  iervicc  \  becaufe  gen* 
tfetnrti  of  rank  and  property,  would  hare 
80  obje^ion  to  accept  commtiTions  in  the 
mllttiay  if  they  wtre  liable  to  be  lent  out 
of  the  kingdom. 

•  Loid  W.  RvssEL  fpoke  alfo  againft 
•  the  meafure,  and  faid,  that  he  remembered 
too  well  the  American  war,  ever  to  Yote 
one  man  or  one  fliiUing,  for  fxibjugatincr 
Ireland,  tintil  conciliatory  meaiures  ihafl 
Inire  been  tried. 

The  original  addrefs,  after  an  amend- 
ment,'propofcd  by  Nfr.  Banks,  had  been 
negatived,  was  cirried. 

Ireland. 

According  to  the  accounts  from  Lord 
Camden,  orders  had  been  iflixed  by  the 
leaders  of  the  United  Iriflimen,  previous 
to  the  24th  of  May,  directing  their  parti- 
zans  to  be  ready  at  a  moments  notice  as, 
the  meafures  of  government  made  it'ne- 
oeliiiry  for  them  to  a6l  immediately.  Oti 
Ae  23d  of  May,  infoi-mation  was  received 
by  admin iiiration,  that  it  was  probable 
the  city  of  Dublin,  arid  the  adjacent  dif- 
triAs,  would  rife  in  the  evening.  In  con-- 
l^quenceof  this  int^lli^rence,  notice  was 
lent  to  the  general  ofhcers  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood, and  the  capital  was  put  in  a 
^ ate  of  defence .  Theie  meafures  prevent- 
ed any  movement  in  the  metropolis  ;  but 
a£^s  of  open  revolt,  were  committed  in  the 
eormttes  of  Dublin,  Meath,  and  Kildare. 
About  two  o^clock,  in  the  morning  of  the 
24th,  there  was  a  regular  attack,  made 
by  a  rebel  force  upon  the  town  of  Naas, 
"vmere  Lord  •Gosforp  commanded, 
with  a  part  of  the  Armagh  Militia,  and 
detachments  of  the  4th  drngoon  guard  I 
and  Ancient  Britons.  The  populace 
confifted  of  about  a  thoufand  men,  aimed 
with  muikets  and  pikes ;  they  made  their 
attack  with  rcffolarity,  but  were  foon  re- 
pulied,  with  alofs  of  about  200  men  kil- 
led. Two  officers,  and  a  few  privates  of 
his  majefty^s  forces  vitre  loft,  a  fmall  de- 
tachment of  the  kings  troops,  were  liir- 
prifed  at  the  fame  time,  at  the  town  of 
Profperous,  and  a  detachment  at  the  vil- 
lage of  Clare  cut  their  way  to  Naas,  with 
eonfiderable  lofs.  On  the  fame  day,  Gene- 
ral DvnDas  came  up  with  a  eonfiderable 
1>ody  oi  the  people,  near  the  hills  of  Kill- 
cullen — *«  tne  ilaughter  was  eonfiderable, 
for  liich  an  a6lion,  130  lay  dead — no 
prifoners."  '  After  thefc  attacks,  the  in- 
funeaion  fpread  fouthwarrl,  and  broke 
out  in  gpent  force  in  tlie  county  of  Wex- 
ford 5  the  people  aiTembled  in  fuch  force 
in  that  quarter,  as  to  cut  off  a  party  of 
100  men  Of  the  North  Cork  Militia,  who 


were  lent  to  meet  them  j  they  were  4000 
ftrong,  and  many  of  them  mounted.  Co- 
lonel Camfb  EL  t,  however,  in  partial  en« 
gagrments  with  the  populace  at  Monafte- 
reven  and  Carlow,  killed  450  of  them. 
According  to  accounts  from  Major-gene- 
ral  SirjAMES  Duff,  he  took  the  town  of 
Kildare  from  the  rebels  on  the  a9th  of 
May,  and  killed  between  2  and  300.  Ma- 
jor general  Fawcett,  however,  was  fur- 
rounded  by  a  large  body  of  the  populace 
between  Taghmon  and  Wexford,  and  de- 
feated. General  Fawcett  effe£led  his 
retreat  to  Duncannon  Fort. 

On  the  ifi  of  June,  the  populace  from 
Vinegar  Hill  attacked  the  town  of  New- 
town-darry,  but  were  defeated  by  the 
tixx>ps  under  Colonel  L'EstranCe,  with 
the  lofs  of  about  500  killed. 

The  troops  under  Lieutenant  Elliot 
of  the  Antrim  militia,  attacked  the  people 
at  Bally  canoe  on  the  3d  of  June,  and  kilted 
above  100  of  them. 

It  appears  that  Colonel  Walpole  met 
with  tne  main  body  of  the  inAirgents 
about  the  3d  of  June,  in  a  dron^  poft 
near  Slieveling  Mountain,  and  havmg  at- 
tacked them.  Be  was  unfortunately  killed, 
by  a  fhot  inthe  head,  in  the  beginning  of 
the  a6lion :  when  his  corps,  bein^  in  a 
fituation  whei%  it  could  not  a£l  with  ad- 
vantage, was  forced  to  retire  to  Arklow. 
The  lofs  on  the  king^s  fide  was  54  men 
killed  and  mifling,  and  two  fix- pounders. 

The  moft  bloody  of  all  f  he  Engagements 
took  place  at  New  Rofs  on  the  5th  of  June, 
between  the  people  and  the  king's  troops, 
under  the  command  of  Major-general 
Johnfbn;  when  colonel  Lord  Mountjoy 
was  killed,  and  near  100  rank  and  file, 
with  57  wounded ,  and  about  the  fame 
number  mifling.  The  lofs  on  the  fide 
of  the  populace  was  exceeding  great. 

While-  the  infurgents  were  fu training 
thefe  feveral  defeats  in  the  fouth  of  Ire- 
land, govermnent  i^eceived  intelligence  that 
the  inlurre6lion  had  broken  out  with  great 
fury  in  the  north.  Major-general  Nr- 
G  E  NT,  on  the  7th  of  June,  was  informed  at 
Belfaft,  that  an  infurref^ion  was  intended 
in  the  county  of  Antrim  :  but  he  received 
the  intelligence  too  late  to  prevent  the 
people  from  taking  poflefHon  of  the  tof«n 
of  Amrim .  He  tneneforc  colleS  ed  a  con  - 
fiderable  number  of  troops,  and  attacked 
them  in  that  place.  The  king's  troops  were 
fired  upon  from  the  hou(es  as  they  en- 
tered the  town,  and  were  at  firfl  obliged  to 
retreat  with  eonfiderable  lofs.  Soon  after- 
wards Colonel  Durham,  with  the  troops 
under  him,  pi*oceeded  to  a  diftance  of  about 
faiidf  t  mile  from  Antrim^  and  commenced 

abri& 


PtilEc  JJSnrs^^-kMarrhtgis  and  Deathi  in  and  marLcndtn.    461 


a  briflc  ean&aoade  opoA  it;  txSA  <lroTe  the 
poptUace  out  of  the  place,  and  retook 
two  curricle  guns  wlqch  had  falfen  into 
their  hands.  At  this  time  ahnoft  the 
whole  of  the  coimtiet  of  Antrim  and 
Down  were  in  a  ftatc  of  infurreftiop. 

On  the  f  ith  of  June  a  very  large  body 
of  the  Wexford  infurgents  was  driven 
back  with  great  lofs  from  their  attack 
upon  Major-general  Needham's  poft  at 
Arklow.  As  foon  as  the  enemy  ap- 
proached* the  ktng-s  troops  opened  a 
heavy  fire  of  grape-lhot»  which  did  much 
execution :  *  this  firing  contmued  incef- 
fantly  from  fix  untit  eight  oViock  in  the 
evening,  when  they  ffcd  on  every  fide  in 
confufion. 

The  next  intelligence  from  General 
Nugent  was  not  fo  nvourable  as  his  lail 
details  liad  left  room  to  expe^l^  but  it 
had  been  reported  to  him,  from  Antrun, 
by  Colonel  Claveripg,  that  the  difafFe^eid 
ia  that  neighbourhoMi  had  expreifed  a  de- 
fire  to  return  to  their  duty ;  and  that  at 
Bailymena  150  mufquets  and  800  pikes 
had  been  given  up  to  the  magiftrates. 
'Many  arms,  500  pikes,  and  a  bi-afs  field- 
piece,  had  aJfo  been  furrendered  to  Major 
Seddon. 

Lord  Camden  received  Intelligence,  on 
the  i&th  of  June,  that  Sir  Charks  Afgill 
had  attacked  a  rebel  camp  at  the  Boar, 
near  Rofs*  which  he  difperfed,  and  killed 
50  people,  including  tlu;ir  l^der. 

On  the  lath  of  June^  General  Nugent 


defeated  a  laigc  bodv^f  pf«i^  near  BaJ- 
Kmalunch,  who,  at  the  dole  of  the  aAion, 
fled  in  all  direftions.  The  populace; 
fought  with  great  obftinacy,  and  loft 
about  400  men.  They  attacked  impe- 
tuoully  Colonel  Leflie's'  detachment,  aqd 
even  jumped  into  the  road  from  the  EaH 
of  Moira's  demefne,  to  endeavour  to  take 
One  of  his  guns,  but  they  were  repuiie^. 
The  lofs  on  the  part  of  the  king^s  troons 
was  ftated  to  be  but  fiyc  rank  and  hie 
killed,  and  14.  wounded,  with  tlie  iofs  of 
Captain  Evatt,  of  the  Mona^han  miiittt, 
killed. 

After  thefe  various  aft  ions  in  the  north, 
•intelligence  arrived,  that  the  people  had 
aflembled  in  great  force  in  the  Ibuth.  The 
town  oi  Wexford  had  been  for  fome  time 
in  the  hands  of  the  infurgents  j  they  ac- 
cumulated tvciy  day,  till  tlieir  number 
was  announced  to  be  at  leaft  20,000.  T|)e 
government,  in  order  to  repel  this  for- 
midable force,  took  meafures  to  form  a 
regular  coidon  rtund  the  town  of  Wm- 
ford,  the  common  rendezvous  of  the  in- 
furgents; in  which  place  they  are  ftated 
to  have  bad  fheir  bulletins,  as  well  as  g^  1 
yemmen't,  and  they  ilfucJ  proclamations, 
imploring  their  adherents  "  to  fpare  the 
effufion  of  human  blood."  In  this  ftale 
of  affairs,  the  cabinet  of  St.  Jaroea's  fc^^t  ^ 
Lord  CoRNWALLis  to  Ireland,  to  take 
upon  him  the  fuperin tendance  of  the  mi- 
litary and  civil  government  of  that  king- 
dom. 


Marriages  and  Deaths,  in  and  near  Lmdon. 

Wm.  Alchorne,  of  Tri-     Rigge,  an  amiable  lady,  with  a  fortune  of 


^  MarrUd.']     Mr. 

nity-lane,  to  Mils  Cobham,  of  Eaft-Une, 
Rochcrhithe. 

Mr.  Thomas  Dickenfon,  of  Wiy^echapel, 
to  MITs  Sarah  Arundel,  of  Tetbury,  Gluu- 
cefter/hire. 

At  St.  Bridc*s,  by  the  rev.Welden  Champ- 
uc^i,  fub-dean  of  St.  Paul*8,  the  rev.  Wm. 
Lens,  of  Bunhill-row,  to  Mifi  Simmons^  of 
Dorfet-ftreet,  Saliibury-fquare,  a  defcendant 
of  Richard  Pendrifl,  prefcrver  and  conductor 
of  King  Charles  11.  after  his  efcape  from 
Worceiter  fight.  In  the  year  165 1. 

Mr.  J.  Smith,  banker,  of  Lombird-ftrccc, 
to  Mifs  B.  Rehungton,  of  the  fame  place. 

Mr.  Oliver,  of  Brook-ftreet,  Grofvcnor- 
fquare,  to  Mrs.  Mackinto/h,  ofKeofington- 
fquare. 

In  London,  General  Duboyne,  of  the  Baft 
India  company's  fcrvice,  to  the  daughter  of 
the  Marquis  de  Dcfmond. 

Mr.  Siffon,  furgeon»  of  Brydges-ftreet, 
Covent- garden,  to  Mifs  Sethree,  daughter  ot 
Mr.  S.  Hatter,  of  the  fame  place. 


4.0,000!. 

At  Mary-le-Bone  church,  the  hon.  Wnx. 
Gore,  fecond  Ton  of  the  Earl  of  Arran,  to 
Mifs  Caroline  Hales,  youngeft  daughter  of 
the  late  Sir  Thomas  Pym  Hales,  bart. 

At  Hornfey,  Benjamin  Boddington,  tU^. 
to  Mrs.  Boddington. 

George  Ayfcough,  efq.  of  New  Bafmghall- 
ftreet,  to  Mrs.  Nicll^  of  Uorton-cottage,  near 
•YTindfor. 

In  London,  Charles  Buckner,  efq.  vke- 
admiral  of  the  white,  to  Mrs.  Frewen,  rcli£l 
of  the  late  Charles  Frcwcn,  efq.  of  Clewecy 
Berks. 

Jofeph  Smith,  efq.  of  Hcrcford-ftrect,  |o 
Mifs  M.  Cocks,  niece  to  Lord  Somers. 

Mr.  Wm.  Thorapfoby  to  Mifs  Bell,  of 
Mindng-Uoe. 

Mr.  Rogers,  of  Swithen^s^lane^  to  Mitk 
£liwbeth  Wellford,  of  Tower-dock, 

In  London,  the  rev.  Wm.  Lockwood, 
May  dwell,  of  Giddingcun,  Northamptonfliire, 
to  Mifs  Matilday  Lockwood^  younge/l  daugh- 


Jn  London,  Major  James  Rooke,  fon  of    t^rof  Thomas  Lockwood«  cfa.  of  Mortimer- 
Lieut. -general  Rookcy  M.  P.  to  Milt  Mary     ftreet,  CaveAdIih-r4uare. 


'  ^Un^Ulfftt  St$m  J^00n$  W  &t$m  SVSfl^  m09949H% 


tV,  RinoTVr-^aiitre,  Mr.  J. 


M  St  Umf;  WUcMtapd,  Til*.  lci«. 

otCW^  Cfjf r  0niy  nNl  Off q|B  IVT>  BcdNIn  SCfV* 

flM«,  p.D:  to  Uttft-fttteqr  Reynett,  tlHiU 

mtt  tS  tbe  Itttflteet  df  e^  vem  police.    • 
<  - Aodv«>r  bOttffanii,  c(|.  of  wewwcoMf^  ST. 

t#ich&VliiiCi  to  M!fs  Mny  Afin  HittiK 

■ohf  Ortlic  iiMra  Oi  Ofvm<u. 
At'».Oeoit«' 

IVn^erWHew 

fiiitlteii,  of  Ha9iipton«ebttft. 
'  -At  ft.  jMBci'k  cbareh,  Mr.  Ifcnr^  Rffiirft, 

«f  Rcadhif ,  to  Ur%.  Scdoe,  of  Harthcfdooi  ia 

^he  COOOty  of  JClflrt9>' 

•  At  Mtty-U-bone  chuftk,  foim  Ope,  tl^. 
#  Bctiier*t-4beot,  to  Mlfs  AMcHeR>  dnif  h- 
tar  of  Junes  AMerfoo,  M.  D.  of  ^  city  «f 
Horwhfb. 

At  ClcrkenweU  dkurch,  Mr.  SniKSinit1t» 
Aoeoittpttht  to  the  Aercen*  comfaoy,  to  Mtt. 
Attn  Httcfaer,  of  Cht(rs-row,Ozay*t.'mn-rosl. 

Dhs/.}  In  tbe  Sttand,  Mr.  Thomas  Cahu- 
fic,  fen.  the-oldeftiDoficaMnftrtimeot-maker 
iB  Loo4ofi. 

At  Ringted-'gfeett,  aged  M,  Mr.  H. 
Rayttff ,  &htiidewofth,  optician  tf  Luigate- 
JBPeet*" 

At  TlMBi**a  hotel,  in  Bcrl:eleywf(|««re, 
tier  graco  the  IXichefi  of  LeSyiAer.  Sht  hod 
heen  abottt  fix  weckt  at  Briftvl  hot-wellt 
fbr  the  recovery  of  her  health,*  but  flie  cod- 
tinned  In  a  ywj  weakly  ftate ;  and  bdn^  of 
t  nenroti^,  timid  tetisre,  the  death  of  Lord 
Sd,  Fltxgerald  Is  fupfofe^  to  hare  predpi- 
tafe4  her  death.  Her  (race  had  been  mar. 
tied  to  Ihepreftiit  Duke  about  twenty  yeart. 
Slit  wus  theonly  daughter  of  Lord  St.  Ororge, 
«&d  brought  with  her  a  very  targe  fortoM. 
$he  has  left  behind  many  children ;  but  ^e 
Marquis  cf  Kildare,  the  eldeft  boy,  is  only 
"ife  years  of  age. 

-  In  Ohmctefter-ftreet,  Poftmin-fi||iBre,  Mr. 
Jolm  Radhall,  jun. 

Mr.  Wall,  attorney}  he  ianf^  dowA 
ftiddeoly,  m  hit  chami^ert,  in  Paper-build^ 
ings,  Ternf  le,  tod  inftantly  expired. 
'  At  Walthanjftowi  in  the  Sid  year  of  his 
age,  Anthony  TWd,  «fi|.  f<feretary  to  the 
'genenl  poft-Oflkr,  in  >Nrhich  depattmeot  he 
had  ferred  the  public  up^'viHb  of  60  yeatt. 

&I  Pall-oudl,  aged  ^ti  Mrs.  Fomet. 

At  hit  aparfmmts  in-OMnd  Strt^,  9oho^ 
Charles  Jackfon,  efq.  lalo  conoptrollttr  Of  the 
loRign  general  poft-uffice. 

At  Utbridge,  aged  5^1  tdmund  Iflggiii* 

In  IronoBonger-ltte,  Charles  Lynd,  tfq.  of 
MuUantean,  near  Stew«!t*s^tOWer,  Ir^bd.^ 

At  iC&i^itibridge,  Mt«.  Pyboa,  M^ft  Of  *J. 
Pybat/efq. 

Mr.  A.'  <ltove,  sTtOcaey,  of  VUlletV 
nrc^,  *  Strand. 

Mrs.  Catr,  wife  bf  Mr.  Ctrr,  of  St.  Ptfuti 
cllur>rh-yird.  ' 

i'Ax  hii  chaHtthers,  In  er<y*s.lnn-{i(wire|  bf 
ft  poplittTjl  ahevifm,  Mr.  John  MifrfhaA, 
9MAti^;  tuOf/e^  i^  York. ;  H«  was  'it- 


ttBdid  liyPfcWjiMh,  Dr.  Mwitfl,ori  \» 

Keerirsinffcti^  fii|t.  Ombmii^  of  the 

itt  5saihss»piiin  tiiisl,:  ItootoflMoyy  Sr' 
6harits4<eiiry  TilfM,  h^l.' 
At  B«ll^  CMh  :&rfbld,  mm. 


Aftet  *a  vwy  vwofe 
Scbocidarv  ei  low.4ii»i'Chca^idc. 

In  nj|.«aU4  aied  73,iMn.Mnitdli 

Ml.  Ja6i|di  WUloa^  of  MUk-lbeet. 

U  Soowl^pifiri  ftwrt,  Corottt-ftrdeAi  ii 
his  Sjth  year,  WiUkii  SheldMH  cOL 

[The  Ute  iasi  ^  Oelhlboeoiigls..  wbeCi 
dedA  was  aaoeKJeaoA  la  our  laft,.|eet8i:aU 
uo  hia.  acle,  whea  ocfy  yowif^  \if  ibedcatk 
of  hit  brother  R^Mbke,  who  died,  l^fo^ 
at  nineteen  years  of  age.  Ilk  bidflitp  wis 
edocjted  at  Kh)g*tCallege,  CnMAg^y  wbcte 
he  took  the  degree  of  A.  M.  in  1761. :  Tbe 
onoeAor  of  his  tutSXy  cane  into  Bngiaad 
with  the  cenqoasoi,  who  gswiOrt  hw  mt 
luids.  "EIr  title  of  baeett  and  fiiisMat  «s 
conicrred  on  £dwosd«  who  was  acntdteoi 
Noel  lA  1617,  andiiificoedidktotbaihle  of 
VUgmiM  Caispdan  o»  ch*  dcaili  of  hh  i^ 
thcf4n4aai,  who'  hid  Ibcoetd  tho  titU  Ibr 
hue  by  nf eifiea.  TlMtitkof  ladef  Gai&f« 
boraogh  was  cenliBcredt  is  i4nr«d<d«rard, 
the  thiri  viftfooat*  The  Ui(  Htu/  Kbil 
wae  Che  fixth  and  iait  eaii  of  tlio  Moiryf 
foty  dying  witlMot  iftic,  the  titiof  IK  \n{- 
tM«.  TaaBpetcrtttieftoief  dcsoesd  toO^t^ 
Noel  Sdonnd)  tte  M.K  htr  ftMlnidaibt. 
Ris  letdAif^  wot  «9rar  veo^  coif|kMB* 
hi  potitiaaiifcs  but  wis  by  sio  tieaifi  Dar 
of  tholb  ofelcfr  men  of  fbttmc  who  ptik 
thaoagh  life  taduMftdog  M*  mtowa.  Re 
appliedeo,  and  enesosiged  iho  ihadf  of  as- 
tural  hiftory,  in  which  lci«BBe  he  hsiol- 
ledtd  a  ^voiy  vilnahli  Uhncy,  ani  wai  eoa- 
fiderod  byi  theLimuMua  Sodeg^  at  a  nah 
propot  t*  be  000  of  the  Ibilr  hoilofasy  tatm- 
bars,  tDgcthef  wSih  3hr  I.  BenOei,  Mr.  P«a- 
Rant,  and  the  tale  JtfaWhal  de  Nbuailk. 
His  chataaor,  a  Ibw  yeati  fcce,  fuiwed 
conftdrt^bla  tamiih  hf  fisiae  fehoio  emtf* 
iflu  of  Ilia  teiiantt,  In  cottpcUiag  each  ef 
them  to  beep  one  Or  OMte  of  bk  hooddi,  of 
whkh  he  ihrays  bftd  a -large  pA.  Setenl 
oe  them  weit^  aohuilly  di^oflhflbd*  nf  ihcli 
nmn  fbf  shAiftng/wllh  nudy  pudtftcaaoi, 
to  fubmit  t»  ftf  failhttisif  K  hodta  ViaA- 
^^}'  .^    --    .- 

At  GKttlem.hdOet,  Obosgc  taMsBsy^ 
lofeeriirl  of  trtoL  mrwiiMU»ded.6«ifc 
fine  of  the  OBift-aafcioAt  tedtSei  fas  StodMd* 
In  oto,  one  'of  hSs .  aaeeJhife,  then  .a^uf* 
'bandaoah,.  wit|^ l«^^«ol^  Vf '.(onSi  ,w|bq  hap- 
pened to  be  a|  plqugi),  boldly.  d5/9id(4 « 
^^'^ff  V^^  W>io^  che4i^Yadui^  ppjiet.  ^4^ 
th^  Mmmcnts  of  huibandtx  pplyi  -api^  t]^ 
.^poncrymen  ^une  to  tfv^  ^^&ft|nce^4ie- 
»F»lWii  ^  «AaBy«.  yAf  a.«6wA.ior  .il»» 
; tr  .•• 


tfdiiees  of  the  Earltf  Errol  and  Sir  Jj  Sanikrjin^  -  -     463. 


fcnrlcc^  the  Kuig  of  Sc^Uatti  Mbwcd  oft 
film  A  largt  pordtfli  of  had  ji^'if  t&o  H^ef 
Tajr,  called  EttOL  $  and  alfo  an  a{ipro|»nace 
cut  of  anna>aiid  ino^,  atronce  dlfplaylog 
hia  valour,  and  his  hUirible  occupation.  The 
defceikianll  of  thii  horo  ire  ffo^atly  x^n- 
tioiied;  their  pedlliiee^  .ficom  the  rclgn  of 
Rai»ert  Btucti  il  clear*  and  uftintcrropted. 

The  lairdf  of  Errol  were  elevated  to  tJie 
rank  of  mA  \$^\^fX,  lluy  had  before  been 
honoured  with  a  charter  conftkuting  thenT 
heriuhle  hlgh*coilftiibles  of  ^cland  *.  lo 
1717  the  ma]e  line  iailed,  aftd  the  title  de- 
icendfd  to  Lady  MargareC,  daughter  of  the 
thirteenth  earl,  who  married  th^  6arl  of 
linlithgow ;  and  their  grandfoif ^  l(/hn  Boyd 
(Lord  Boyd),  by  a  daughter  marrfed  to  t'ord 
Kilnnrnocky  liucceedcd  to  the  title  of  Errol, 
ad  took  the  name  of  Hay,  from  whoiii  the 
late  cirl  is  dcfcended. 

His  loadfliip  was  born  in  1767,  and  fttC<i 
eecdcd  to  the  title  at  a  very  *arly  age.  The 
pueroal  eftate  which  fell  to  his  (hare  being' 
laiail,  he  embraced  a  military  life ;  and,  en* 
fcring  into  the  guard*,  atuined  the  rank  of 
Ueutonaot*€oloMi  in  the  army. 

The  gay  lii«  ufually  led  by  the  officers  of 
Chis  corps,  drew  hb  lordlhip  into  expeoces 
which  his  fortune  could  by  no  meana  fup* 
^ort  J  and  to  fecnre  himfelf  from  the  incon- 
Tcaiendd  attendant  on  the  ftate  of  a  debtor 
la  thia  c«ttntry»  he,  A  the  laft  general  elec- 
tion, ftodd  a  candidate  for  mm  of  the  fizteen 
tleftive  peerages  of  Scotland. 
•  On  this  occafton  he.  was  oppofed  1>y  the 
Earl  of  iAodcnble,  who  concetrcd  he  had 
dtfcoyered  a  flaw  In  hit  lordfhip's  title  f. 
^With  this  vieW  Lord  Lauderdale  attended 
it  Holyrood-houft' ;  and,  after  objcdiog  to 
Lord  £rrol*s  claim  as  i.  peer  ni  Scotland,  de- 
clared himfelf  a  candidate  in  oppofition  to 
him ;  concluding,  that  if  he  could  defeat  his 
tide  (0  a  peerage,  \\t  votes  given  to  him, 
a/ter  this  liottce,  VTould  be  deemed  Void,  and 
Wd  Lauderdale,  (ucceed  of  courfe,  as  one  of 
fifteen.  However,  the  nualfterial  majority 
t(]t  Lord  Brrol  iiVaa  deciiiyc,  and  he  was  re- 
tetorned.  Lord  Ldoderdale  tried  the  event 
of  a  Detifiod  Co  the  houfe  of  lovda,  but  did 
ftoc  uicceed;  and  Lord  Errol  confe^ucntly 
kept  his  feat.  It  has  been  rcRi<irked,  that 
U»d  Ltudtfrdale't  peerage  tf  held  pfecifely 
b  the  £ime  manner  as  that  of  Lord  Errol ) 
ftnd  that  had  he  prevailed  againft  his  oppo- 
hfttt,  hd  won  Id  have  loft  hit  ovw ;  an  event 
his  lorijrip  h  faid  to  hive  wifhed  for,  ai  if 
Would  have  qualified  him  iS>r  being  a  candi- 
date for  clic  houfe  of  Commoof.  Lord  Efrd 
was  now  cifcd  from  any  fcars  for,  the  liberty 
•f^hi^  perf^n ;  but  too  free  a  habit  of  living 
•  The  late  cjrl*t  fatbof,  in  this  capacity, 
walked  at  the  proceiliMi  on  tbe  roro«acion  of 
Cieorge  UL  and  the  patrimony  #f  the  fdmily 
hat  not  yet  aecov^tcd  ihcjjji'fijt^ttfffrbat  Jfij* 
'f  Lord  Frrol,  on  this  occaAon,  very  gal- 
land  y' observed,  '«  By«--^he  «u|  trntri, 
lUt  he  ih4i  never  unfntnd  rtc.** 


had  Jjreatlir  impaired  his  conftituti^,  Hlf 
lOtdflup  wat  attaclied.  to  the  light  infantry 
battalion  of  the  guarda  \  and  when  the  Ut«, 
expedition  wai  ttddfcrtakian  agaipft  Oftend,^ 
Hie  cOrpa  btin^  ordered  on  that  fervice^ 
he  accompanied  it.  'the  men  under  his  com-» 
Aland  not  being  landed^  luckily  efcapef 
being  captured  \  but  fomething  improper  ^p- 
pearing  in  hii  own  coftidu£l,  occa^oned,  as  it 
U  faid,  by  intoaicatlOn,  he  wat  put  under  ar** 
reft  on  his  return,  and  at  length  pennitted 
to  reilgn  his  company.  The  chagrin  occa* 
fioned  bj  this  untoward  drcumftance  Certalnl|; 
hallened  his  end.  He  died  at  Greoicr^s  hotel 
a  -ihort  timtf  after/  Thus  periihed  a  young 
fhan  who,  but  for  the  poileffion  of  a  titlc^' 
Without  a  foft^fnt  to  fUpport  it,  ihight  hav« 
been  art  <Arnanlent  to  hit  country.  An  ac- 
count of  \xA  dtoJlfe,  authorifed  by  fome  of  hit 
relations,  has  appeared  in  the  papers,  in  which 
he  is  faid  to  have  been  delirious,  and  to  ha'vt 
been  irtdifpofed  fomeCime  previous  to  the  ex- 
pedition. Lord  %txtS.  mJirried  a  lady,  a  na* 
tlve  K^  Ireland,  b&t  haS  not  left  any  ehild  j^ 
eonfeqaently  bft  brother,  who,  In  parfuanc« 
^f  the  will  of  a  relation,  had  aHumed  thft 
ilame  of  Boyd,  fncceeds.  This  geottcAan 
has  been  In  poitelBoft  of  a  very  good  fortuosi 
by  a  Very  fingular  tenure.  In  cafe  of  tho 
lapfc  of  the  earldom  to  hinij  tbt  fortune  waa 
tu  go  to  the  nziX4 .  LMkit^  there  is  no  othet 
brother)  and  the(^ef6rtf  he  fuccecdt  to  tht 
title  without  lofing  the  eftate. 

After  a^lingering  illnifs,  Sif  James  Sander^ 
fon,  hart,  alderitian  of  Loiidon,  and  member 
for  Haftings.  He  WaS  a  native  of  Yorkihire 
fent  to  town,  by  his  friends,  in  fearch  of 
employment  \  his  firll  was  with  a  Mr. 
Coulding,  his  fecond  with  a  Mr.  Hunter, 
both  hop-fAdort.  He  had  g  good  natural 
capacity,  and  afterwards  was  engaged  as  clerk 
by  Mr.  Judd,  an  'eminent  ^hop-fa£^,  near 
I^ndon  bridge.  By  aiTtduity  and  attentioA 
to  bufinefs,  ne  gained  theYavour  of  hismaf* 
ter,  and  his  perfon  recommending  him  to  a 
daughter  of  Mr.  Judd*s,  much  older  than 
himfelf,  Sanderfon  became  that  gentienian^a 
partner  and  fon-in-law ;  and  when  Mr.  Judd 
retired,with  a  very  ample  fortune,  to  C'helmi- 
ferd,  in  Eltex,  he  fucceeded  to  ihe  principal 
fhare  In  the  bulioefa,  In  which,  had  not  am- 
hition  prompted  him  to  be  a  diftlngulfhed 
man,  he  might  have  accomul&ted  as  large  a 
fortune,  and  with  ^s  much  credit,  as  his  prede- 
ceflbr.  During  the  riols  of  17 So,  fanderfon  w'.ii 
tirft  noticed  as  a  public  man.  A  party  of  the 
guarda  hjd  been  feat  for,  to  prcferve  the 
wafcer^works  of  London-bridge,  ^lA  other 
public  bnildin;^f  \  the  ofiBcers  of  the  corps 
Were  provided  for,  virkh  dinners,  &r.  at  the 
Cxpencc  of  the  ward,  and  AldsrnunWoolriJge, 
With  Mr«  Sanderfon,  Mr.  Browu,  and  other 
comnioh*council  men^  had  the  care  of  pro« 
viding  for  their  accommodation.  Soon  aftir, 
a  propofal  was  made  to  form  a  V6luntc4r  aflfo* 
Ciatioa,  for  th<  dcttfice  o^  ;hc  ward,  JDd  to 
eha  progrefs  01  future  riots,  abo«C 
\  O  CeteAty 


4&4      JfitUes  cfSif  Jmuis  Sgnditfm  and  Sir  J.  Jtiggs  AftBir. 


ftv(Bt|!  re%£bbh  hovfc-krcpcrt  eaipllcd. 
tlleir  fOfriA  for  that  pur^o^  Tbe/^  ioA 
thought  of  choofing  Mr.  Sandcrfon^  u  (heir 
ApUi;^  but  th»t  SiCiAScmaa  pactrng  after 
OSurtff  JM&oun,  pro^c^,  th^C  arptUatloa 
tedfl  U  XM4e  t«  pnKurc  the  king*f  ccaumf. 
ion  i  thisy  by  IM  ificvu*  acc^T^Ing  with  th< 
plan  of.  the  a^ocnrioni  the  fchmc  Jtftppci* 
thdjf^fit^  W  hit  a0ibitioo»projcd>«  by  thi$ 
plan,  he,  on  the  ccfigaatiofi  of  lord  Korch^ 
eomipeoced  patriot,  aod  inltftt^  under  tKs 
itnocr  of  th^  WhigSv-^ttcjailiig  th«  racctingt 
tt  the  focictiet  famous  for  their  exertion  to 
Che  caufe  of  pirliamrnury  rcform>  ami  once 
•r  twke  ifM.  1ft  the  ck»ir  at  a  meeting  of  a 
ibctet>  held  for  that  purpofc,  called  the 
(Quintuple  Alliance.  He  alfo  attended  Mr. 
Price*!  meeclhg  at  Hackney  |  and  when  the 
focicty  for  celebrating  the  aRniYciiarj  of  the 
*rcvolutio«  ipcc,  on  the  4th  NoiFcmbcr,  >7S2» 
Sandedb^.  b|d  tj)c  honour  to  prefidr.  Ho- 
nOurs  now  came  thick  ovon  him}  when 
Woolridge  ^as  removed  from  being  alder- 
man, iq  l^S^,  he  vas  elcQcd  in  hia  room, 
fervcd  the  o&c'cf  theriflT  with  Brook  Wat- 
ion,  and,  we  bcticv€(  this  year  received  the 
hondur  of  knighthood,  and  roTc  to  the  pre* 
tonan  chair  In  the  erer  memofvble  year  in 
which  war  waa  declared  agalnll  France.  But 
City  honours  alone  would  hoK  f^tlsfy  the 
boundlirf»  ambition  of  our  hero.  He  ftood 
COdidate  lor  the  borough  of  HaAiM^  and 
bcg:^  to  i^ysc  in  that  cap&city.  fie  Mi 
iiewedf  hit  zeal  in  difperline  a  debating  Co* 
cirty«  ,aad|bi«  very  cfTenclil  fcrvicr  wa<f  r<«> 
warded  by  Mr.  Pitt,  by  fek^ting  him  to 
fliOYC  the  adircfs  to  theking,  on  the  opcniof 
•f  the  fcflion  of  parliament.  Nothing  b«t 
,tBoft  egregious  vanity  could  |uve  tempted 
Kim  CO  accept  fuch  a  nomination.  His  fpcech 
Wat  (Ciys  the  repoiter}^  remarkable  for  bad 
grammar  and  bold  affertion.  His  orjtoiy 
nude  every  one  bugh,  who  wai  not.  on  the 
tre:if«vy  WlKh^and  decoruiD  only  obliged  them 
to  keep  their  councenanceii.  He  ai&tieds  that 
h%  y^  y^fESflM  of  iofiormation  which  con* 
▼Inced  him  that  fe£tious.pra^icesMcvaiUd 
in  feveral  parts  of -Che  Itiiigdomi  bat  very 
prudently,  did  o^  offer  eridcnce  to  fuMlan. 
tiate  his  charge.  This,'we  believe,  was  Sir 
Jameses  firft  and  laft  fpcech  of  any  moment  la 
that  houfc.  Be  did  n^t'go  unrewanded  for 
thefe  exertions,  for,  ia.  1794,  he  wais  crcjUed  a 
baronet  ^f  Great  Briuin.  Sir  James  had  fooje 
time  before  engaged  in  a  banJ^ing-houfc» 
which  leverely  felt  the  great  iUgnation  oc- 
caWaed  bjrthe  war,  and  was  furthtr  reward- 
ed  by  a^^ery  Warm  cvettton  of  goVbrnment 
in  hU  bohalf.  Sir  Jan\»»  having  loi!  lus  Hril 
wite^  married  fume  timeiince,  Kfifs  ^ipncr» 
daugliteff  ttf  the  worthy  a^Jcrman£f  thai 
iLimei  adnMfch,  -which  from  t&editterencc 
on  the  politics  of  the  two  aMei;mc|j^i|)d  thc 
diftcwnce  4n  the  igcs  of  the  tv.tj lovers,  wai 
thought  railiet  a  ftngutir  one. 

la  London,  Sir  John  Higga  Afillcf,  bort.-^ 
This  linfvl!ir  durat^fr  w^  a  naclvfc^*  It/- 
bnd,  and  bora  to  a  fmiU  pattlbiony  ja  tkc 


e^aty  afObrk.^  'Aktt\ii  had  itOAcd  hli 
e4watj09»  - W  f«f^M  ta  England,  and  pri. 
Cured  a  commlAoa  ia  theiemy,  being  firft  1 
coraet,  aad  afterwards  a  licptema]t,la£Uiot*i 
light  hoc^  i  with  which  re«i]nect  bc  fertiA 
in  Germany^'  danag  the  tevca  years  war.- 
AfteV'  the  peace.  Sir  John  telbqitiiKed  toe 
prot'eflion  o^  arms,  and,  like  many  of  lut, 
^ountrytncMi  fougl»i  to  make  lils  tortvnt  is 
a  fofter  path  ^  he  accordingly  &ccceded  Ln  hU 
purfuiU,'  aad  obtaiaed  aa  opulent  fpeft» 
wMc  htat  has  heea  long  celchiated  ia  the 
warli,  fnr  who  has  not  hetrd  of  Lady  MIH?, 
aad  her  Bath  £afton  Villa  >  Her  lady%  tn& 
equally  cdebrated  for  writing  mifeiafcle ». 
Tels,  and  her  rage  for  rcceiviag  bad  pociry : 
the  latter*  however,  has  fometimes  rfdtrm- 
ed  iu  cbaraSer,  by  conveying  tb  the  woiii 
the  elepiic  eiTufions  of  a  Seward  and.  ochri. 
On  the  death  of  his  lady,  Sir  John  ^uktH  hb 
picafant  and  harmlefs  retreat  ia  SosMri'cr' 
flure,  and  coming  to  London,  embarbtd  ut  1 
new  career.  He  procareil  a  feat  in  the  \mit 
of  commons,  we  belicvfc  under  the  aufplus 
of  Mr.  Pitt,  but  foon  became  aiftiqguiifaM  fa;  \ 
the  naoie  of  the  mrmud  atmtrftitx.  He  ««, 
however,  nioft  coafpicuoos  for  £j$  attempt  to 
reform  the  vfeigits  auad  mtaJMrtt  o(t  the  k:<'{< 
dom,  and,  as  the  French  national  affeiRhlj 
were,  at  the  fame  thpc,  cngugcd  in  a  iicibr 
plan,  which  they  aAaally  carried  Intu  ei- 
tctttioo,  Sir  John  was  drawn  into  a  Utmrj 
intercourfe  with  the  celebrated  TallcytuJ, 
d^JnoKf  hiihoa  of  Autun,  and  now  ferretr; 
of  ftate  for  foidgB  aftairs.  This  ccwtc 
fpondcnce,and  the  I'peocbes  Sir  John  ffl^i* 
the  hoofe  of  commoa$,r  on  this  liibjtA,  ht 
has  ghren  to  the  world  in  a  pamphlet.  Hott* 
ever,  the  diiToIvtion  of  parliamebt  in  1790, 
put  an  end  to  hk  parliamentary  eiSorts,  asj 
to  all  his  proipefts  of  refbnxuqg  our  ueiiiits 
andmcafures,  which  ftill  remain. In^^rs  fM- 
Being  now  freed  from  the  cares  of  the  nsiiOT.^ 
be  agUBxmbarked  in  matrimony,  with  Uij 
Davenport,  wldoar  of  the  late,  but  w*-!:* 
known  lawyer.  Sir  Thoaus  Davenport,  «t!A 
whom  he  gained  another  addition  to  bU  t^* 
tunct  9^^  paflTcd  the  remainder  of  {m  ^ite  io 
one  of  the  firft  circles  of  faihion..  tot  nuf 
years  pad,  his  great  fmufemcst  hasfcecct 
conAant  ia^airiAg  attct,  andaa-  cooAant  cirni' 
latioa,  of  the  newf  of  too  da|y  t  (o  tkt  hii 
life  would  have  aj^brded,  to  the  pen  a(aaifl- 
geniMM  draawti^r  a  grcac  impfovtaient  » 
idle  chaiaaet  of  J^iiaMc  4a  the  V  phoidcnr. 
Wherever  newf.  W4»  t»  bp  had.  Sit  >hant 
present  j  among  the  graye  icadets  at  Hook- 
kail's  i  the  fitnr  poi«Uc«l»  aL.  Stodcdste'i  \ 
.  the  facetioM  ^4UpuG^t9  of.  tfae.W4fttDiader 
LiKiar}vor  cVta  the  fa^ieftt  laaaiy^hBaiiAg- 
herd  of  UO|d;i  c«ifce-h9«fr»  Ur  neiEi  vat  (« 
be  had,  Sir  Jokn  waa  thete  to  glean  it,  a«i» 
to  dp  him  Jufticey'.wat  equally  alert  iotcr 
tailihg  it  again  to  kls  friends.  Id  this  ioaa* 
^ot  atthod  he  pailed  hia  laites  )bqrs,  ^a^ 
iwc  was  arrcfied  by  i'uddeo death.  ' 

[  iur  St  Jofib  Mmt4y,  in  Amu/  Sanj\  ni 
far  tmiuHt  Jrijhlr:tif  ttt'itsJ  irtUtd.'} 

CoatxtT 


V 


:■    ■-    ■■   .'I  -465  --3       .  "• 


BXfMCIIUPTCtCV. 

^Tht  SbiOitori*  namp  are  in  %^fi^.')  ' 
A««r«^t,  BirfninKriani,fr«i:ei«r.  ^r.  fivfiuui 


rr.  JnJf  i* 


Vi-Cjoto,  Viiitiff€'.<rrr«  llAClKiuil^ii'^TieE^  ti]  Hof.  Hr.  Burt 

.  ..p*..  ^v^,.J'FM^«M<r!^ll«l^ 
ilcTb  *Jf .  fl  urpcutr 

.  Hum*,  t4moiiiuii,  monir-lcriirearr.  3ir.  Mer 

d  J|«riaa.  tti(Mi«eil«r,  U4-iical«r.  Afr.  ^mui/m,  dtmuMtr 

•Itins,  Totteatem-piMe,  carpu«cr    sad  luMtr.    iU^, 


1 .  l.odfci«r«  CHd  Sedburr.  mc<ncy>rcrircnrr.    jdr,  fr.  kr 
V.  i.aor«  ate«c««crt  Miiiict>iiuk«r.  A/^  /r»Mh 

y .  Laa^»^  TvraiutviK  thpfxtecpcr.  ilr/rj.  Hmt-mK 

Ivife^Kl^May;  iria^nrap<>ii.NuU,corn.fifto^.  Qr.ksgtr 
•   " —  IUJl«6f,Cjw»07<  mtgfuKiiidMrtnsndl^ 


$4  Hon  ft  ,  L  «a.  Ji^,  HUi.  irt««f .    t  L  c*  19 

T.  Wi.'is  I-Ji.fj  cwuft,  Uui..' fM«t,|kcifir;«  JjMC  t# 


rti 


L«OV.  C'JVCbt  "     '       —    - 

v(halI,B«t&i  , ..,-.. 

T.  Mtarriul,  ScuctUtk,  tfucer.  ktgri.  KhitUrUjr  and  tntf 


T^  M«l!k(i^n^  Ltufrbj;,  fii.«rTtn 


JI.  Ncwinwcop,  B»Wii-DrJH«*  t»oii«r.  Mr.  ,WWr,  PalfiriM^ 

W.  VicJwIfi*,  CMrtcon.  VurJl,  lacmer.  Jlr.  SfAtt,  »n»-im  ' 

t.  r«Ad,  Trow  trUite^  clullikr.  Alriri.  Hwitfn  dit^C^' 

w  tK.Kh^TH%%¥Hi^t\lthoAtr.Ur.g*nje,Z'k.!fKtrj4gnit, 

W  S«miner«,  Lcdbunr,  timber  mcrcbuit.  Mr.  1.  Ju^ 

J.  S^,  liuIwrthMB*  Lciodttrikne,  te»«».  M/j^m*.  ftwiw 

G.  tkinmr,  l:«»M-ti«ei,  «>(»,  Marr»Ie-hone.  Mr.WrrrfMit 
r .  SaiBtjr,  ftrtghtHnfta,  ftlp^uildcr.  Mr.  UwtLfi^  Toiujr 
T.  f fencer,  ttewart-Arcct,  pil.iter  and  ^Uijcr.  Mr.  CWTim 
J.  S*io«^SirMid«liociwiBR'cr.Mf.Jmt0,4i«bfFrfiteHtr«f 

w.  m^xroo.  New  Reenrtbrrt,  con^merclUDO  Mr, |«/ittr  .  .  >^.v,»..  «  ..    .     .       ,.         n^,^nvnmrH-^ 

^    liaqr«aUfffanfMontfO«iiery)(imber*aierclUiit.Mr.li*<rt»fti      J*  F«»wcr,BiruIirtKi.AUHinercrr.  JiUy  »ft     ■ '  ' 
J  ■  Taylor^  M^acbcilrr^  Cottoo-nui.uAaiircr.  Mr.  JtiUs  >V.  rrjfce,  Bcluv  •yUoy  rnHtitcr.  Jut)  t^ 

I.  ^Mcf V  «''Bdkmain>  Wil  s,  moo£>>rcrivcuer.  Utj/ki.  Smtdjj      J   r»mrii,&rui<»H  nacham.  iu1rf7  *' 


..,__-, ,.-.-_.  JtlilCj,!,,    julM  diC  .       - 

B,MiTi3.^  W.  H^.^H  **id  5  «ti«iLffl,  l-  Ffifl*-  JiilSf  4 
B.  B.  MurgAnjiiia  h,  p.  w*^#l,  i«rnPiiaU3i<k  jaD#*t 
T.  NtvUnd    tht?4fAac,  [fticrr,  Jtufi  J  ^ 

inirriliJhii.  Jjj.,.j6         ^"        .  ■*  v.-    *'    ^ 

t.  tvri.  i  IT  1 1 H  C  'f  rt:  r: .  »^'.J  t  c3o'£ ,  pa  o^*  '    J  yij'  J  ,  .  j»i  al 


I 


Wtmm^  OiMMq^i  feii4cr>in»ker.    Mr/V-j.  »tif#  and  /iUiit 
UValkcr.  MMdMtert  cbitoo-niaiiwfi«ttir(r« 
Vtocd  imd  J.  Nodocb,   Htkh-areer,  hotidtwark, 


Mr.  «(^CTH  rrtir*  . 
Mr.  B.  B/ii/ 


...  W».'bunais  CatattimMinwt,  wine  mtrchairt.  Mr.^Uhu 
J.  WUbeHikit /9un%imk  BH^of,  cordiratder.  Mf.r.  X'w/J 

DIVIDENDS    AVNOUNCK.D. 

I.  Adama,  Grattoo-ftt.  |obO|  iroo'BoaMr.  Ju^ai.  Jute. a 

J.  AirfrtH  »*w«MMDii,coni-cn4ij<«e?7;iruijo        '"^  "^ 

P.  AraoM*  6fiMi^fif«e>trc«B»  iMpMlCMer.    Jane  ^ 

I .  A^n«  and  U.  iOfKr,  SudKy,  com-raaort.    Jul/  |t 

V .  AfUtt  renclntftb-IH«ct,  fiii«n**df)ci%    Jutf  17 

J    •annrr,Wjtirc>lloe,viati>er.  luljr  J 

^     *  .  Bird,  Nr«eai(lte,  fhC^Kccper.  Juoc  tfi 

'     a^af,C.B«AiiliMHCaniliiil.ltard^ra|»cr».Jvat«  - 
JO,  Biiftooarn,  itui>hoii)cr.    Juiy  17 
,  B.  Umneji  and  Hf .  SiBaUeV,  !^ci:Vurtt.  Juty  J 


,  iMdey,  B.  Similcj,' ai 
.  iS>acebr«itr,  BpCi.^  ^  _ 

.  Bradley  StUT^  aayier.fnakcr.  Juljr  4 
..  ^ ^  Uiti>fcoii<<  tiPiMr*t>rftl 


Hey,  / 

.   JtUM  JO 

l«fy« 


hat.  JUM^ 


l«¥i 


B. JrallsMW^iithwark,  h<  b-mt-r^atit.  June  » 

».  •wwiviiHc^  wtA.Krr9>u|iui*aM:r«uaiiU     JUM  J  ,»      1  — 

J.  Bd«a^  Si.  Martut,  Ms«dlfcrd.wc(l,  ftwi^kcrpcr.  idljr  A    ..    , 
T.  Be»ctt,  M»n<h«nrr  jYviwrer.*  Juiy-ft.  -         ' .'       ' 

i.  MMc«,  WnodtiatI,  CaUbeck,  l»t}i,Um.  |j?pe  «     ,.      '      •  l  .w 
_.  itnictt,  Q-iettt-ertetf  CbeafUidv;  tnerciUii:.*  Jirarifr 
>.ltr«U<.Exct<r»4eak:r.  JuMv  >A  •  -    .  t'r    8 

B.fmjrtmTirmirti^iatn,  NM.lbAnnCiaajer.  lulY  4 
B.  SoftUh,  WMtc«tu«ch«  nKaiey.(<^«^<*e«^.  j«Sy  3  :  ' 

CtmiAaad  J.  Currif,C>>c»ftvv.  banket  t.  J«t«Jf..Jviy.f    • 
B.  fibin^vjr,  \« iddu,  lra€kto4inK>"ttl(er.  J\ti}  » 
P.  frier,  AncAiier,  buHder^  JvMig    •-       71."    p    K     * 
W.  TieVi^wMmt,  eMaa.naH.  jiii.«  jQ       -    ..  .  ^_.  ,«  ^ 

B.A.I  )toa*<  a<»d  J .  V  ^Claiftei  JridoJ^  »of4«»fe»r«  ^Mrj^ 
O.  luylmau,  iiW)i.df««(,iiatj.«KtM..JulKU-.  ,  , .  .  ; 
J.  Tbuaia«,K«i4ik.itbHttce«irti&^(un^ef.  fuTTei^ 

A.  Ie<^,>t|«4^0rct%^CT«ta5i.  j(r»etb  ' 

Vr.  WhKcbead,  ManclxilPr.  in*.^«i»ftcr,   X«.«a  r)'.' 

B.  r.  W«b^  «^€baiifc,  ^/ifclJ^iak'TuirUw 
M.Wau^«aaJ.rrk«;Lie«0<>to«iE>«iaetktftoiSbi4    -•      • 

ij.  WKlbA,'Wtir.eoavea,'dia);cr^  JulXi  ^      ^i  J     ^;i 


17»«.**    P-Jge  3^5p  rwB  io  froii^ 'bo^^ 


Eb 

slum 

^Aadwferfiktterfbr**  fJ79«y'1¥ead        .  .    .  ,,  .-,       ,,„_._ _^ 

■     TirCarre^Qittlei^  '  Ih  ^encHt,  comiminioifiofdl  liifMcfed  for  tht  (a\>ic^uc|it.M|igBBi»e«:0M9bt 
Id  reBch.utifelUre  the  tc^i  &f  the TrMnrfa»«r  they  tfBiinot  be  czpedle4  :o.Bi>f^^j|rw  ^  fi«i|f«pUi|tB. 
fUcmtaKf.t^SLitxtt/ry  fMicety  b4  rri  ^flRihic time  on  t|^  tptW     Aaonyiuout  CooaouiokB 
pons,  of  wbichtM'pofta|fet'arehotpiiAi^/afr€''returneJtbt^^  -  «    r 

Hefcrrcd.  J  .     .        .       .  ^  Q- %  : 


I  466  3 


Ml O Vi  N  CI  AL   OC  CUR  R«f*€€.S. 


'  ,4'^mV^ab)e  large  Ikatc  wu  lately  .(nM 

Ir  SundexlaiiJ  fflarket,  i«4>kH fir  exceeded  id 

£ie  any  fiih  'of'  thit  fpeeies  dckribei  by  Itay 

ani  otH'cf  f£ltaniiftt.     It  lutaAtred  Are  fcrt 

fix  incites  actoO  the  back,  from  the  ncrcmity 

«f  each  fin,  loi  Tei|bod   14$  ^oati     Ano- 

.lJ»er  flcf^  wa»  found  in  its  betly,  i^bicfa  rtr- 

fcipbled  tfie  feat  of  1  common  ciutir. 

.  A  mod  CreiDendoin  and  exthmrdiaary  itortn 

.«f  tbaAdW,  tishtnrng  and  hail,  waexpexi- 

^f:fict4  iD'f|(k{ne  pjut«of  the  coaft  of  Northnm- 

befland  on  chc  (tH  inftant.     /^  Seaton  alnne 

not  i^  than  700  panes  of  glafs  were  deftroyed 

hy  the  hait-ftotres,  which  maaTorei  npvards 

#t*  hai£acincli  in  dianncter. 

ilfsrnr?.^  At  ^<ewcaftle,  Bealamm  Bipwae 
p.:vs,  *efq.  QltSr  ifland  of  Antigua,  to  Mils 
X>»rQeII,  of" the  rnrmcr  toirn.  Mr.  lntics>  qf 
^njon^  10  Mils  Stodarty  of  Elfwkki  near 
this  town.  ,  *  •  ' 
.  At  thtf:Quiket'8  mceting-houffe  in  Sandcr- 
.  land*  Mr.  John  Smith,  jan.  neirchant  of 
Thi^,  tOiMifs  EliraHarr^,  ofMiryport, 
inC^be.Iiiid. 

At  W^rkln^ton,  Mr.  Henry  Salkeld*  raaf- 
t*r  of  flit  Gian  Dn^on  inn,  to  Mi6  Suele. 

Mr.  j^iughan,  of  Whimetly,  to  Miff 
Dixoa,  of  HcAam. 

.  ..Atrcf:lana,  Mr.  Tohn  Mafoo»  of  Wy. 
hvaif  farmer,  to  Mifs  Mary  brace,  of  ^(on 
beonihgton. 

At  Weil  ward,  Mr.  John  Milbame,  of 
.CirJcw  Kill,  to  Mifs  Huntingdon,  ofCurth- 
waiche.      " 

At  Hay  don  Bridge,  Mr.  Thomas  Maag- 
ha^^  pf  Pcchvisll,  to  Mift  Jane  Weary,  qf 
LAflghope. 

Di:(i.]     At  Wew   Hall,    near   Cromarty, 

X);-  .Hugfi  CiUies,  phyfician  to  the  embaiiy 

to  Chira,  uAdpr  Earl  Macarthry,  and  phyfi- 

f  ian.^co«;wl  to  tKc  arm^  at  the  Cape  of  Good 

jKopx ,  from  which  f  !acc  he  had  lately  rc- 

lur.ici  oy  accbunt  of  ill  health.    . 

'    At  Kcvjrcaftle,  Mr.  Edward   Kldd.     Mrs. 

•Co. ii^  of  the   CroWn'pubTiC'heufe.    In  her 

SctA  ycir,  g're2t|y  ar.d  defefVtdfcy  lamented. 

Ml*.  Munton,  "widow  <tf  vtm   Jate  rev.  An- 

tboay  Muntori*    Mif?  Tdrrertcc,    formerly  a 

hauei^ihcr  in  the  Siic.     Mfi.  SJtelton.    S(id*- 

<lc/ily,  Mr.  WnVf  Scorcy.    • 

.  AtCiu!6eld,  nc-jf  iahgholnf,  in  his  9Stli 

yeat,    ^r,.  .Will Urn    Nicol,    farmer.     Til^ 

within  a  week  of  his  deeeato,  he  cooftantly 

^ttenacd  |hc  t.:nghDlm  flQflrkl:t«v*aod.h4d  the 

ch4radcc'(«f  a  very  pon^tual  «ad  u^ght  mi|n 

-i«.  4i4  hia\4eallfi^^;     He-was*  thtice  n^fried, 

^d^wasj^t^niytl  {0  his  gx^'v^-^by^chUdripn  of 

aach  Q^c^i»^''   He  ufponfei  hfsiaft  wi|e,  by 

^wiiomtJ^e,h:id'  left  chredihildsc^  H  1^^ 

agcdf  ei^.icy-t|rte. 

*  At  Duihim,  Mt-  James  Yoogg. .'    , ' 
Mrs.  Harle,  of  CaceOiead^  'tenkeeptf . 
At  Atewick,  Mrs.  Wtlfon,  of  the  Wnite 
Swan  ian.    Aged  ji,  Mrs.  WoodhoitCe. 


At,  Hexham,  Kfr/Wm.  Pearfon,  (urgfoo. 

At  Bt^gKton  t^>anl  «gedr"i6^^'6iif  an4 
fome  wer ks J  '  Lc wis  BWfet".     

Mlfs  Huifon,  aged  24,  «aly  ^tughter  cf 
Mr.  Chriftophcr  Hudfon,  '^  B«H:airt,»qd 
niece  df 'th^  «t.  !?? ;Hu6fc^n,*prtkqidajy  gt 
Carlific.      ■'  '  •       -       - 

At  LowgHrigg,'  in  thi  pai^  cf  Gr«fawe, 
Mr.  Thonisj  Atkiafpn,  bOfchttV  As  th? 
friends  of  the  deceafed  were  ieWfninii^  from 
the  grave,  they  were  met  by  a  owfiraMt, 
who  had  been  fent  to  acquaint  theaivith  tie 
death  of  Atkiiifon^s  wi:*ow,  ftaut  the  corple 
or  her  huiband  had  left  the  hoafe;    ' 

CUMBERLAND  AKO  WratlkoarLAKO. 

Married.  J  At  Whitehavan,  Mr,  Aaroa 
Nieholfon,  to  Mifs  Sibfon.  Mr,  BLjUi; 
Gibfon,  to  Mifs  EHinbeth  Janfdo. 

Al  Kendal,  Mr.  Thoma«  Storit  aofter  of 
the  Fltecc  inn,  to  Mifs  Lamb.* 

At  Harrington,  Captain  Benjamiln  Cr:>^. 
tliwaite,  of  the  Nelly,  to  Mifa  CrofsthUdke. 

The  rev.  Robert  Spencer,  of  Blilop  Auck- 
lind,  to  Mifs  Madellan,  daaghirr  at  the 
rev.  C.  MaclcUan,  re^^or  of  Gveat  Stay«\twn, 
Durham. 

Dial.]  -  At  Whitehaven,  a  gad  7^,  Mn. 
Nixon*  Suddenly,  Captain  Madden,  of  the 
Britaim;aJ  In  h^  yoth  year,*  A^.Ahd 
Peele.  In  her  26th  year,  MUs  Agaes  .^t- 
kinfon.  A^d  77,  Mr.  James  Dawi«a,  ic^- 
pner,    Mr.  John  Bprfon ,  agcti  S4. 

At  Penrith,  Mr.  Richard  Carroatt,  • 

At  Carlttob,  near  Kgrcmaat^  iabi*?}^ 
ycar^  Mr.  John  Prcar?,  Piter. 

At  Kcfwick,  ijjed  <«,  Mr,  Wm.  Alkin/oa, 
formerly  anofficcTr  in  the  ef^llc. 

At  Talking,  aged  ^^^  forty  cf  wbWh  Hs 
had  been  a  wit^owet,  Mr.  Thom:i$  Miihif. 

In  the  pvjfli  of  Cttator,  V li  iael-  T^th  )tij, 
Mrs.  Jane  Palmar. 

At  Brigham,  aged  69,  Mrs.  Fanny  WUfcs. 

At  New  Town,  Mr.  Hogh  l&efirlck. 

At  Outyeat,  near  Hawk(hnd,i«sed  9?, 
Thomas  Grimrod.  He  liad'  bom:  $4  ycJi*^  * 
gatherer  of  rags  in  tKat^io'iih  io4  neigli' 
bourbbod. 

At  Morkerkin,  jntbe  paflflr'of  Low«ater, 
Mr.  James  Graham^  aged. 79; 

Ac  Thackwood  Nook,  Mr»viGrah*m>.fiftcr 
^o  Dr.  Blamire,  of  the  Oakrt;nfcar,|>«llton. 

Aged  73,  Mr.  Braithwaile,iOf  Hagh  Wray, 
in  the  p;irini  of  Hawflitttl, .  aa4  tkc  Wdine}- 
day  following  his  widow,  4^ii  o^.   ■ 

At$iUoth,  in  the  Abboy  Holia*  iai^uir- 
t>crlund,  J^r.  Meroy  Will i«^:feriber,  aged  84. 
X)ariog  the  coutic  n^-a  long  aoA hafefui  Hf'^f 
k^  had  devoted  a'lmpil  ttcty:baBr^ae  couIJ 
be  Cpare^  from  his  l.boiM'  to.tl^jdev^Bt  aod 
^•rious  petuAtl  ol^  the«^Holy.  SccapCuresj  ia 
which.it  onhoC,  after  thia  ftateiBcnK«  appear 
</^;^r4kor<i^nairy  to  adtl,4ie  was^yerM  above  moft 
m^p^  With  the  ntoft  minute'  attention  h« 
hafd  read  all  tlic  boqk^  of  tne  Old  and  Kc« 
Teftamcnts  eight  fuccefivc  times,  and  had 

ptacacdcd 


ToriJkire.'^LancaJhiri. 


4fiy 


near  Birftall. 

In  tkec  97.tlt  >^r  of  lier  ^a«^ .  Mn.  poUU 
worph,  wiiow  of  the  late  John  tSlft^rth, 
*f^.  of  Thordtoo  WatUft,  and  ^ti  to  $lat. 
thtw  HuttoDy  Uu  arcbblipp.  oT  Vort,  al^ 
who  was  tfurw*r«k  traAflatcdl  Jto  thc/ce  6f 
Cmterbary.  !  '  .'  v  ^'^ 
'  At  H&li&t,  «fcer  a  (crere  an'^  fiefioi^t  1S<i< 
ncft»  Mifi  BoUaal     *    "     '  '^ 


•rocecJad  in  hit  ninth  le^lure  as  far  as  the  m  titp  north  riding,  aad  fifth  fon  of  the  lue 
>(>ok  of  Job «  whcn1iis{>^«lMqdkRt!i^>v^ 
terminated  by  diffufutlon.  -  '*  ^  *  ^  . 
..  -..-..  TORJ^^UK.  ^ 
A  fcliaolhv  lately  been  eTs6>«<i'' wt(hoiit 
Walmgate  bar,  in  the  city  of  York',  "by  John 
'DodTwoxth^  <^i|.  tor  the  cducatjoa  pl^r^veral 
poor  children!  ,  refiicnrs  of  the  p^iriihes  pf 
^Yalmjatc^^andthat  without  the  bar',  "fthofc 
parents  are  inpapable  of  luving  them  ;>roperlf 
■«^bl>6ted.'.  An  inf^ltutjon  fo  laudable^  and 
tiplrtc  ^th  thp  mo<^  falutary  confcqucnces 
p^'  xkm..Tl&t^  generation,  highly  niecitj  the 
vara&eii  comiiiendati^nf 

About  three  months  ago,  a  ewc  belonging 
to  Mr.  Juba  Coo2ce,  of  Haft  Co.tlngwith, 
yeaned  two  fine  Umbs,  which  (he  breughj 
'Jp  tHI;t^c  3<l  of  June,  when  the  ewe  died, 
without  ftny  apparent  caufei  On  opening  the 
9Uiia>aly  Ihp  was  found  to  contain  another  full 
grown  lambj  in  a  itate  fit  for  yeaning. 

MarrUd,^  At  Leeds,  Mr.  Thomas  0x11 , 
j»rintcr  and  ftati«incr«  to  Mifs  Smith. 

At  Sheffield,  Mr.  Pjfmvr^,  of  Doncaftcr, 
to  Mjfs  Bioks,  of  the  fori^ner  place.  Mr. 
Iphn  Bxttidhcad,  grocer,  to  Mifi  Hannah 
H9bfon»  diiughcer  of  tJvc  lite  Mr.  Hobfon, 
of  Heclcy  Mill, 

At  Hull  9  Captain  Ko'nig,  of  the  Dorothea 
Hamburgh  traJer«  to  Mifs  Geofgeflenner, 
^gbtcro^Pr.Georgcneiinpr,  ofHull.  Mr. 
rorfter,  iperchanf ,  to  Mif*  Si'rali  Ker. 
'  ^  At  Kiiaxe/bsrough,  Charles  JJalhter  Berry, 
efq.  of  che  47th  regiment  ctf  fjoc,  to  Mifs 
TreemaAf  of  Little  Ealing,  MicUkTcx/ 

At  Scarborough,  Captain  WjIkInfjn,of  the 
J^'cefterfiike  militia,  10  MIA  ^aUS,  of  that 
pwn. 

At  Brnmbaia  church,  John  CAyle'y,  efq. 
of  Brompton|  to  Mifs  S  llUngHcct,  only 
daufl^er  and  heircfs  of  the  lalc  ^c  v.  Edward 
2Stintn0Aeet,  of  Ktlfict^. 

Mr.  Tfaomu  Clark,  fargeon,  of  Knotting^ 
}ey,  near  Ferrvbridgey  to  Mifs  Dickoo,  of 
K«lWd.    *      ' 

At  fiart^n  ^pon  Humber,'  Mr.  toKn  Lunn, 
«f  l^cbraond^  .t<r  Mi^s  M.  A^clbar,  of  the 
^brmer  place. 

At  l^arnf  Id,  }fr.  Thomas  Garland,  fecon  j 
fon  of  John  Gar[and,  cfq.  of  "VVood  Hall,  to 
Mifs  Aoi^  Parkin,  qf  Ardijey,  near  Barnflcy. 
^  At  Pcnidon^M^.  Charles  GInyne,  miniftcr 
in^  the  otethodiii  connexion,  to  Mifs;  Sarah 
Hardy^  fecond  daughter  of  Mr.  John  Hardy, 
furgeon  and  apothecary. 

vAt  RipoOy.Optaui  Boyd,  to  Mifs  Cattaneb, 
young^davi^hter  of  the  late  Mr.  Cattaneo, 
wsr^hanti^f  Leeds. 

AtNevrt^n  nponOuf^  Mc  K.  S.  Lunii, 
ofl^ichiDond^  to  Mifs  Jane  Allen,  yoongeft 
daughberof  the  rcr..  Thomas  .Allien,  feftor  of 
X-'f burgh,  in  Llncqlnihlrc. 
'  John  Eamonfon,  qf(].,  paymaftef'of  the  6ti 
Yotimontef  foot,  .to  (wifs  vfiTe;  oATy  daugh-' 
tierofMr.  Wi(e,  ot  Bealc,  near'Ferrybrhlge. 
'  •  ^^adL}.  At  Scarborough,  tn  his  'J4ch  year, 
t|)e  xti.  Digby  Cayley,  re£tor  of  Tkormanby, 


J^ite  fii44a.nly,  in  the  prime  pf  life,'  Wjr. 
Mark  Bell,  of  L«cc,ooficld, '  pear  Bevctl^. 
one  of  the  .moft  opulpnt  farxpc^s  K'^ji* 
county.  '      .  " 

LiJcewife  ^^clde|lly,  in.hb  76th  yeif,  i^ 
rev.  Joint  Mi^l-w,  reiaor  of  H^iggatC;    '   * 

At  Sand^Uj  near  DohcaHer,  Mr.  J&ha 
Martin. 

At  Workfop,  in  the  prtroc  of  lifei  Mr. 
WUmoat,  attorney,  of  Ratherham. 

At  Skelton,  jjcar  York>  Mr.  y/attertoa. 

As  iCoarelbnrough,  attcjr  a  long  IndiTptifi^ 
tion-,  Mr.  Richard  Turon,  juii.   !«fcn-drapjef. 

Ac  Pontcfraia,  fuddcnly,  Mrs.Cbatcs,  ^U 
dow  of  the  laic  Mr.  Jaraes  Coal;et,^  wiqt 
Aicrchant.  She  had  on  that  very  ^ay  r^mdcred 
into  a  new  houfc,  which  Ihe  6id  n^t  occu- 
pied two  hours  before  (he  eipTred.  ;'  She  #af 
defervedly  efteemed,  and  will  long  he  ttge^" 
ted  by  a  nu-neious  acquaintance.  ^ 

At  the  fame  place,  Mrs.  BrahatA. 

At  Marton,  in  the  north  cidinf.  In  iut 
83J  year,  tlie  rpv.  John  Grenfiie,  heiVly.5^ 
ye.»r8  vicar  of  that  phce.  ffe  vfis  ^rjjrlf 
beloved  and  refpe£^ei  by  all  his  p::fi(hi7.nen. 

At  Pickering,  Mr!  Thotnai  AtJcinfdn.^ 

At  Wethcrby,  M'.  George  Dtwes. 

tANCASHiat.   '  *^      V 

■  About  three  moiul^is  ago  an  TnliahTtint  of 
Liverpool  haj  the  misfortune  to  bfc  bitctn  by 
a  mad  dog.  As  the  wovnd  was  very  flight* 
he  omitted  to  emplov  the  nec^iTary  precau- 
tions in  fttch  caftrii,  l^e  Qontinued  in  perfcA 
health- tlU  the  i8tK  of  May,  when  he  com- 
plained of  the  head  ach  and  lan|Our.  'This 
continued  all  night  and  the  following  day, 
during  \Vhlch  time  fomc  diffictiity  of  dtglu^ 
tition  wa)  bbfervs:^,  ap4  he  grew  more  and 
more  eflfetblcd.  On  !^)e  ^ch  he  was  rifited 
by  a  medical  gentleman,  when  the  fatal 
fymptoms  of  hydrophobia  manil^tHng  tftem« 
feUcs,  iie  was  immediately  tikeh  tothe  in- 
firmary, where  every  poiljble  afliftanct'  wai 
adminiUcfeds  without  ctH:^.  Ah<^ht  fotr  to 
the  afterDoo»  death  put  a  t|eriod'tp  histniferjr. 
During,  the  vrliole  of  his  complaint  hit ''mind 
was  perfe^Uv  c^lcftcd."    '       '        •      * 

AUrried*]  At  UVcfpoolj  Mr.'  Johft 
KnDwla,  mercliant,  t6  Mifs  DiTAbiblfr.  -  Mf. 
]ULhai4  Dobbj  merchant,  (o  MmStordy. 
Mr.  Kobort  Worrall,  painter,'  to*Mlrt  Totty^, 
tniUsaer.  M^.  Thomas,  QhilfliH,  to  Milb 
Wynne.  Mr.'  T.homaj*  Aftcttsfr,'  tt**  MiCi 
Willovghbr-  Mr^WiUlam^liefy  pilot,  to 
Itfiis  Briil^c. 

At 


46» 


LancaJhtn.'-^CheJhire. — NMtinghmmpHre. 


/At  MuKhcfttr,  Mr.  Turpio,  Uce  of  York 
theatre,  to  Mifk  Smith,  of  tbc  M^nchefter 
thMitce..  Mr,  Jamn  Gmunt,  ^ooKciMlrafcry 
to  Mif«  HaiTCjv.  Mr.  Richard  Travi,,  to 
%^T^xvkt.     M».>Hich^a  Joac^,  to  Mia 

^  LamcaAef,  'Mr.  Cox,  liouor  merchant* 
tttMi|«.&dt«kk. 

At  Prcftois,  Mr.  Sfbnor,  attorney,  of  Bbl- 
los,  lo  Mi6  ClttiKvick^  of  the  former  place. 

At  Walcoo,  WilHam  Nclfon,  cTq.  to  kfifi 
lUckhwifey  oT  fivrrton. 

jAk  BtUufe,  near  Wigan,  Mr.  William 
CT^Iow,  to  Mif«  Laoglev. 

At  Cannock,  Mr.  Wm.  M'lver,  of  LI- 
Tctvo9l»  .to  Mii*  Attne  Clarke,  of  the  former 
pUce. 

At  VHtrfloAf  Captain  Dawlbn,  in  the 
Purlin  trad^,  to  Mifs  Beck.      * 

A^  W^mikstoift)  Mr.  John  Let2;h,  of  Man- 
ckcftery  ta  Mif>  P.  Gfiin.Ouw,  ol  the  former 
place. 

A«  OnufluHr,  ?.fr.  John  T«nei,  of  Burf- 
CDuJgh,  to  Mif«  WooJ^,  of  \\4)ti>A. 

At  Kirkhf  Loisfdale,  JAx,  Wm.  Kcvr,  to 
Mii^!  D.  Robinfon. 

i^W.}  At  U^rrpoolt  Captain  John  Ro- 
Mnibn,  late  of  the  Loyally.  Mrs.  Ken  Jail. 
^lr%.  Sckoficid. 

At  Maochelter,  Mr.  Robert  Gregfon.  Mr. 
Idward  Molincux,  Mr.  John  Lever.  Mr. 
Rilfh  Xlrkham,  cocbm  merchant.  After  a 
Ihoft  illociii,  very  much  Kgrectvd,  Mrs. 
lir^p-     Mr.  John  t'pton,  timber  merchant. 

P^  Lancjfler,  Mr.  Thomas  Bhnd. 

At  BlackbiftfiH  Mr.  Robert  Aihbumer,  at* 
Corncy.     Mr.  EUw^nd  Wiifon,  irckQnNMi^er. 

At  P/cIlon,  Mr.  Jofiah  Thorpe. 

At  STalford,  Mir»  Ann  Wroe.       « 

At  Ua,  near  Preftoo^  Mr.  RichanI  John- 
ion,  maltfter. 

At  Dean  water,  aear  Prcftbufy,  Mr.  Rkh- 
arilUcton,  furnierlyof  Mancketler. 

At  Cornbrook,  Mr.  Robert  Twyford,  late 
•ifDUihury. 

At  Hungrill,  i.n  the  ptrilh  of  Bolton,  Juxta 
BoUand,  at  the  advanced  age  of  ^t,  Mrs. 
Shvttlewoftli^  widow  ^f  the  late  Edmund 
Shuttteworth,  eX^.  of  Horrockstdrth. 

Mr.  Samuel  Travis,  of  BiacVlcy. 

At  Rochdale,  Miis  Hok. 

At  .AfpnU,  ^e^  Wfgan,.  Mrt.  l4W«  svX^ 
of  Mr.  John  Law,  of  Rochdale,  tanner. 

At  Stofte  Wall,  near  J^lucbeflcr,  Mr. 
Charles  W.K)d. 

At  Chpiley*  fttditenly,  agcG  74,  Mr.  R. 
Piatt.        ^.. 

CHCSMIIK. 

MarrU'd.']  At  Chefier,  Philip  Humberflon, 
•^.  to  MtU  Cotton,  elded  daughter  «f  the 
4ean  of  Cbeiier.  Mr,  WHliain  fiurton,  to 
Mila  £.  Shaw.  Mr.  R.  Broad,  to  J4\k  Sui- 
low.  Mr.  Charges  Potts,  to  Mrs.  KhnAtdjj 
of  Maachc(^t...Mr.  John  £YtM,  to  Min 
Jane  S^w»       ....... 

At  Nabtwich,  Mr,  Coddington,  printer^ 
of  Chefter,  to  Mifs  Dudley,  of  ike  formdr 
^ace..  •    - 


At  Rsthia,  Mr,  NkhoUs,  to  Un.  Pdce 

J* 
ones.  ^^.  •         ! 

At  Witton,  WilHamNelfjo,  c%to  Mi& 
Backho«£cy  of  Evevton. 

Die  J.I  At  Ctiejf^er,  '»  the.  ^Unom  of 
youth,  \ni>  Lcadtwaier.  Mtt,  KcimefWf. 
iKr.  Jackfon,  of  the  Croif^Foxea  putilrc- 
houfe.  He  was  in  sood  he^ith  «  ceiLat  fSght, 
and  a  corpfc  the  ocxtmoQunf ,  Mrs.*  faxm 
Hunt.  Mr.  Daniel  Beonetti  dncpftv  ^ 
a  rorraber  of  the  l.ov.ilChefli ire  volunteers. 

At  Uptoa,  a|ei  ii.Mf.  Ra^EiK&k*- 

PKBBYSHIXk. 

Married.^  Mr.  JamcsDeamally,  eT'Had- 
field,  to  Mi£s  BretUvd,  of  Battker*s  Hill, 
ne^r  Mottram,  m  Longdeodale. 

At  GIofTop,  Mr.  Thomas  WLnterhottmn, 
to  Mifs  Ruth  Piatt. 

AtDuAlJ,  Mr.  Richanl  Hold^B«  teMik 
Turner. 

Diedl  AtDeTbr,.aged69,  MriWUHan 
Stanelky,  cooper.  In  her  73d  year,  ltt#. 
Bl-kewt!!. 

At  ?.feIbome,  Mr.  John  Orme,  who  bid 
been  upwjrds  «>f  S3  years  tha^m  of  the'ett* 
dowtd  f^hnol  n  tliat  pJaee, 

At  Aider svjifley  bridge,  in  Kts  7§th  year, 
Titus  Carline,  He  was  a  hardy  vetcfan^tiil 
the  Workfworth  volunteer  infaotcy  paid  him 
the  complimtnt  oi  attending  his  fvacral. 

MOTTryCRAMSlflJlZ* 

MarwUl^  Mr.  SUight,  of  WollatM,  tt 
Mrs.  Tow] e,  ofBrontowe  Hall. 

At  Nottingham,  Mr.  Sh«ttlo^"wth,  of 
Brtftol,  to  Mifs  Smith,  yoisngeil  daughter  af 
Wm.  Smith,  gent.  Major  John  Grey,  w 
Mifs  Blteabeth  Sophia  Boots*  ytnmgeft  daagbo 
tcr  of  Tliomas  Boott,  efc}. 

Z>iV</.}  A^d  $$»  the  rcT«  Thooul 
Wakefield,  vicar  of  Eaft  Stoke,  inthkcotto- 
ty,  and  of  Strubby,  in  Uncolnlkir^ 

At  Cotguve,  much  regretted^  the  ler. 
Mr.  Stnith,  nearly  f^cty  yc«i  <ntrattf  of  tiat 
place. 

At  Ncwftcad  Abbey,  in  hUS4th  )Kar,the 
Right  Hon.  Wm.  Lord  Byrc^,  Hi^LofdAip 
was  bom  Nov.  5,  17 1£,  and  a^««ed^athc 
title  ao3  eftate  in  Auguil  »d,  T73&.  His 
mother  was  Frances,  daushter  of  ."Ww.  UnA 
Berkley,  of  Stration-,  The  title  of  Lord 
Byron  was  originaUy  conferred  op  Sir  Joliii 
Byron,  on  the  Z4th  OAohcr^ .  iC^f,  by 
Charles  1.  His  Lordihip  is  faccee<lBd(  is  hi* 
title  and  eftfces  hy  his  fireac  ncpHcn*  foo-of 
the  btc  Admha!  Byroi^  now  Lqrd  Ocorg* 
B^ron,  a  minor. 

A  pauper  lately  4(ed  in  NpttifighMD^wark* 
houfe,  who  had  lived  ^l)*^^  i^  T^*^  ^^ 
always  paflcdfor  a  I9aiv>  Uut^rJboiC appeared 
after  hi?  JeatK  belonged  to  the  Other  fex.  She 
had  formerly  ^gured  xmv  tb^  turC-iiAderitt 
name  of  yoihy^h  $he  badbecaagrwHt 
to  the  latq  Sir  Marry  Ha^ur,  zni^nn  tf. 
'teemed  an  excellent  rider. 

jtvTLANDt4    "         .  ••-     ' 

JfTarn^  ]  At  Hambleton,  Mr.  J.  tnfUt 
V^^zicr,  toMifsAxuiHealey^     .    9:/ 


•Ltlctfttrjh'tTi.—itafftrdjhtrt.—WarwUkJhtrty  tic. 


4<f 


At   Caftcrton,   Mr.  Waring,  ivtjt^tu.  W 

iykti.'\  At  Market  Ovwtcm,  Nfr.  Dtaydcut, 
■ua<r  of  die  *liorfs-ni6e  pu ;  I  ic-houi't;. 

-Alfa  W«i-  Necks,  ef^.  runy  years. a  cap-f; 
tain  in  the  RucUndOiire  mliiria. 

AtOff^ethafh,  in  his  73-*  y«^T,  MriSKar- 
nvoy  ma(ier  cif  tbeCfo  va  publrc-hOHTe. 
.At  Qakbsnvy  Mm.  Pole,  draper* 

LSXCEStcaSflUt. 

il€0rri<£]  At  Lcicrftcr,  Mr.  Lemacl  Gooi- 
rich  to  MUs  Kirk. 

Ax  Aihby  Ma^na,  the  t«v.  Jatoc*  Bowycr, 
vc^Ctf  of'Raohe,  CbrnwjU,  cv  MIU  Oo^jd*. 
acre,  daughter  of  Jo^n  Cootlacrc,  of  ch»  tW 
jDcr  place. 

Mr.  Wacti,  of  Shcepy,  toMlCi  ICcttleby. 

lU^.}  At  Lciceilcr,  Mr.  Tiptaff;  baker. 

S^mael  MiU^,  ef(|.  a  genclenuu  atueh  uA 
^elierreAy  refpefted. 

At  Kibfivorch,  after  a  few  days  illoefs,  in 
hii  5td  year,  Mr.  R.  W^fwy  fon  of  the  rev. 

Mt.  wate. 

At.  Bbby«  ift  the  93d  year  of  h{s  a^ge,  and 
the  soth  of  his  iBCumbency,  the  rev.  £dw. 
Stqdite^  xe<br  of  that  parifli.  Though  blind 
from  the  age  of  9  yeart,  he  iras  not  only  ad« 
mLttcdk  tot*  orlers,  but  obuined,  in  fuccef- 
fioa,  two  Tcry  good  livings  in  the  county  of 
Leiceiber.  Hi  loft  hJi  fight  at  fclkool,  ia 
1714,  >y  a  piAol  ondefignedly  difcbacjccd  4>y 
his  own  brother.  Kotwithftandin^  this  oiif-. 
fortune,  be  performed  the  Tcrvice  of  ^1 
church  for  many  yeajt,  with  only  the  ail^ft- 
a  nee  of  a.  p*foa  to  rea4  the  IclTons.'  Tj»e. 
poor  flf  hit  parifli  have  to  lament  in  hia  a. 
moft  liberal  benefador,  among  whom  he^ 
lived  aoei^nd  nearly  the  whole  of  ajEiaad- 
f«>nie  private  fcfrtane. 

CTArroRDiHiat. 

Mmuui^  Ax  Wolverhampton',  Mr.  Tho. 
Pooler,  to  Mifi  Mary  Ltngford,  of  Sheffield. 

DUJ.Ji  At  Longbirch,  near  Wqlvcrhamp^  • 
ton,  alflnoft  ftsddeniy,'  the  right  rev.  Chjrles 
BeriBfloo,  D.  D.  and  catholic  bi!hup  In  tlila 
part  ^  fifae  i^aad»  a  prelate,  whofe  amiahle 
virtues  gavte  an  fanpreiBve  charia  to  the 
Uuthtofreilgba;  a  fcholar  of  great  cUlii- 
cal  tafte  \  *  mail,  whofc  judgment  was  pro- 
found,, whafc  manners  were  peculiarly  con- 
ciliating, aftd  wkofe  hilarity  of  converl'ation 
vendescd  kits  the  delight  of  foclety.  [/I  mcire 
farfiadar  tuautit  %f  tbh  imment  f<rjom  vuU  ht 
gfvtn  im  9m  n$m  totmher.'J 

A£0naA]  At  Btrmin(;ham,  Mr.R.Sherrat, 
to  Mifa  Thornkey,  of  Marlton  H41. 

At  Wenrick,  Mr.  Arkefdeo,  to  Mifs  Be? 
tans. 

At  HaliM^id^,  George  FKtchef ,  M.p. 
of  Oiefteriield,   to  Mift  Caroline  Venour, 
diugktier  Af  th«  laCe  John  VtnouT,  ef*}.  of 
King*s-iBead. 
At  Peakri  J^e,  Mr,  W«hb  t6 1^.  Wdgktf 
\    of  the  Uttlet^n  anr.i. 
I        Dic^.] .  At  BirAinghim,  the  rev.  J,  T*JF» 
I   lor,  ledbuerofSt.  BarUolomew^ 


Suddenly,  ,Mrs.    Carcw;rigkt    ftR4  liriv' 

Jonc*.*  .  -  •      ^ 

At  the  fimc  place,  aged  a6,  Mr,  tVavcl* 
Fuller,'  ironmonger,  of  Yannovtlif  aad  «ne" 
of  the  frateroity  denominated  i|otkers.    He 
\«his  making  a  tour  to  the  north  and.  u«ft  of' 
England,  accompanied  by  his  ififls. 

At  Warwick,  in  ao  advanced  a^e,  Mrls.. 
CatAcll. 

At  the  college-fchool  is  this  citr,  snafter  - 
Rich.u:i  Cleaver,  youngest  fen  af  the  biAopj 
ofChciler. 

Alfo  Mrs.  Partington,   Mr.  Gwdv,  tld 
Mrs.  Ward,  f;)rniecly  o^ftrefs  of  the  Georf  a» 
inn,  ••  ' 

At  Handfworth,  aftec  a  liqftfiaf  itlnefs^ 
Arthur  D.  Banner,  efq. 

Mifs  Caroline  Hac&opp^  of  Four  <hk»^ 
hall.      .  •     i       ;    . 

sntoriRiftE. 
A  curious  phenomenon,  ia  natftal  hllUrT» 
occurred   lauly  at   the   table  of  a  lady  i« 
ShreWibury.     A  pigeon  being,  amoog  other 
things,  ferved  up  for  fupper,  .was  found,  on 
carving  it,  to  havf  f^kfarta.    Th^hki     " 
was  remarkably  la rg^  and  pf  the  kealtc,  ^Iwt  ' 
was  very  large,  the  others  rather  hdow  tk«- 
ordinary  (Ue.  .       .....  •      '  * 

MrfieJ,]    M  Ladlow,  Mr.  Joks  Ctyke,  { 

mercer,  to  MHs  £Ha.  ikr^fhrd,  | 

i>W«]  AcShrewiburyral^erSllqgevtllgijiA 
painful  Ulaefs,  Mr.  Neort  Dahs,  a|^M  iu% 
third  Ton  of  tkesar,  Mr.  DartS',  smd  aepBe# 
to  the  Right  Hon.  Laid  KiAaiird. 

At  the  feme  place,  Mri.'Beinittt,-^  tho 
Crown  Inn.     Mr.  Sanded,    Athe^'  of  Mr.' 
Sandfocd,  bookfeller.  -   ' 
.     At  Whiteh«r«k,  Mv.  WebMeh. 
.  At  Vcwton,  Mr.  Buckerton,  farntet.' 

Mc.  i»Aith;  of.  Ptsclrfo^d  Pdrk;   * 
.  At  Daiicotej  Mr«>WillUill8ftfitkWiIkcs.* 
wo«eEST»riHyR>Ek ' 
AfitrntJ.)     Mr.  Riehtrd  Prusn,  of  OieV." 
tanham,  to  Mill  Sarah  Letfihgftim, of  Pdw'.clc^ 
near  WuTcefter. 

<  A(  Arol«)i,  cfae&ev.QeOrgeldward  C«l;jh«. 
faa  of  John  Leigbi «fq*'«^ Otf^HtrlngTt^ny'  .to 
Mifi  Phtlktps,4aofhterof  joknPkiUit)^,  cf^. 
of  Bink.  • 

At  I'eckmgham;  Mr.  WtlKara' Tobrt'hn;  «>' 
Mils  London*  M^-  Ftanois  Chafrawiv,  td* 
M'fs  Usv,  cf  •  I>rcitt«ricb«  Mr.John  BUk'«r^' 
t^Mil'sC  Wi!ljnore. 

Died,}  At  Worcrfter,^  Mrs.  BoHlcer.' 
A^d  8 1,  Mr.  Wells.  Mr.  Gnffiths,  organ: f*-.. 
Ri'ttt'-niiit;  lM>mc  from- Cvefh im^  \}r  f -  1 
ff  m  hiitwff  l)aa.iftid  Mi  ikui!,  andL^x-' 
p^red  tISe  |4»)l<#*«fvog:m'}rri*s^;.  • 

A:  feckin^hMtMn,  Themes  PHU,  of  Ih4 
Whit«*  Ha^t;  ktm :     »»  •  •        •'      -     • 

At  Etfr(h4m.,a^Qd^cv  Mf.  M^iHHttV^ti^l 
At  B  ihupVOcrve,  KA^  Pi^k;r'(i)|(.     '   '* 
Ac  Crowlf ,  the  rev.  Richard  Ha^rtlonj^  yl« 
car  of  that  piicck  .  i    *    * 

Ar  Biignorcb)  the  rev.  t)r.  Thomas  P4al» 
re^lof  of  $(.Tkfi|iM/s  D.  k  a,  and  for  «  rly' 
ilcauofCaikoi. 

MsatFoap* 


-Tffl 


470      Htr€f9Tifinrt.''-^Mmmimthfir€.^^  Vt. 

vtix^oiiymts.  At  na,  Msr  Ttaatayi  M^  HA^y,  t 

thg  iHfle.tnw  rotfUfhot  llm^iiimw.    ««aliky  &i«Hr. 

itywrMHi<r  ftuiti  Wf  t1l«  <r*yfy.^it    «rilt  ltfv«f  Ma 

»f  Airf  t*  U  ▼cry  afei«J«w.  At  Snykl  m^  amU  MwiHf  Y«ittt|dt 

ML]    At  Hwrfa^  ^  the  wnwiaiaiy    tf»  li^  •T  Chtrki J«*|4i  tlir«Ml,  t(^ 

.s^oT  lot,  Mn.  Alice  Sbuf  left«  a  vuUea        At  I*  iMolk  tfe  «■  Um  Ortn,  V«UMi 

|Ht|»«U4j^erordwlMtrcT.Mr.Skiir*  lk«  t««.Jaates  Bt»<m,  yittant  rfliiM 
M^  flte  f«nMM4  ttefcU  fotfeftna  oTher  Mtlic4rH»M4  WBIwivrcrti.  Ki^kate.  Th« 
mtoftl  fi«ultict  t«  the  bft  b<mr  of  her  1  ^  ^f«ialky  of  A«^«9  rrMtci  dHi  tracts 
aad  wOiil  aboMl  tUlwtdiia  a  l^w^jft  «f  Iter  them  m  cxi{|Cfrc  tW  aniis  of  Arif  4e. 
' — ^  ceaM  £kDds;  b«tl«  the  fivlMK  inftncs 

then  it  ao  t j«a  Ar  ri^t«rrio«.  At  i 
ma  he  vat  fataf  olooiy  )«*»  aai  hli  kctrt 
enfiiwta  wirti  the  nifk  of  haaiaa  UndAcf t 
tftwwdt  hU  fetlow-Cfvatafca.  As  a  m'nift:? 
of  the  go^9  hii  takan  a«A  ahlBtk*  «^ 
folty  adcfoaie  to  the  ta&  he  ttn4ffteok,  k  s 
aatvnl  genhii  hcinf  cidtiiriicd  hy  la  escd- 
kateliicatSoe,  »4the  »oft  ftoa'cvs  ezcr- 
tioBS.  Reli{io»  »  hiai  waa  rvtinprifit^,  nit 
hjr  flooBBX  aoiofencCb  or  fspcrftkioas  ki- 
gotry*  bm  by  o  ihttiful  icTotlBBy  aarfaoi- 
■katedfiecy.  He  inaiM  frkhfoUy  the  toc- 
trioBs  he  labo«r«4to  inai*cttt,  mik  ytt^chd 
the  XftifA  of  hif  (rcat  MaArr  m  itt  yriaiitiTe 
por^i  Hit  pow^ra  an4  ahiKiles  ire  tot 
wen  kwfwtt  to  ftaod  hi  need  of  coouamt. 
At  a  compadSrA  he  wat  thttrM  acd  sffib'ci 
•f  the  flooM  unaflba?^  4epott«tnt,  aad  the 
moft  eoticiSatiog  ftiAmierv  la  kit  ideaiWbc 
chcle  he  *at  a  dttlfal  Ioai  a  fi«d  bafr^ 
a  faithfwl  friend,  and  1  kind  aaftfr.  Mo  bbh 
^U  die  moTPy  few  fe  much  nfpeAed  aot  re- 
gretted I  ai  d  hit  IHesdt  have  to  tancut  Mi 
early  deeeafe  b  the  prime  of  li^,  arhcn  bit 
taleapi  promlied  to  he  of  the  snatcft  itUity 
t#  hif  mlow-creatoret. 

At  Btiftol,  Mr.  Walters,  h&t.  WWIiAf. 
Mrs.  Htllier.  Mr.  I&ac  TrauhvMet.  Mr. 
T.  Phil  li pt,  undertaker.     Mfft  Ano  Spir'ni. 

Ai  the  fame  place,  Mr^  Bcnj^aita  Doene, 
aiaftcr  of  mechanics  to  hb  fhajtty,  uA 
many  yean  tow:bcr  of  tlie  nathtaulki  ^sk 
Ic^rrr  in  pbitofophy,  in  this  city. 

Ukewife,  Mr.  Clarfce,  fchoolBuatr.  Mr. 
Gifigell.  Mr.  Walter  SVayaoi  iiatomfcr. 
Mr.  Weefcf.    MH.  Waite. 

At  the  Hotwellt,  Captem  GtnlfieM,  of 
the  ift  regiment  of  toot-goavdt. 

On  ICingfdowra,  to  the  onfptakabic  |ricf 
of  her  friends,  and  the  iirtparable  I06  of  the 
numeront  p<ior,  ^vho  conAafltly  etprricBcrd 
herbaonty,  Mrs.  Mcrlott,  widow  of  the  bu 
Alderman  Merlott,  of  Briflfld. 
ezroaosntts. 

The  Cbaacelior's  *r!fes,  tx\  At  pr^^c^ 
year,  have  bees  adjadgcd  taMr.  PhUIiaiorei 
A.  B.  ftodeac  af  Chrift  chttfch,  Ibr  the  Ee- 
gli/b  efljy  00  Chivaky  ;  and  ^thtLacia 
veifei  00  tta  Msrttk^^  •»  Mr^  lUllibocc, 
fellow  of  New  College. 

AUrrkJ.'l  AtOtfbrd,Mr.Vmianfree. 
man,  of  Lincoln  CQllcge,  to  Mtfi  Pusi 
day. 

Diiil.J  At  Oxford,  jgcd  6i«  Mr  rutih^r, 
bookUlfer.    Aged  Sr,  Mr.  VTm  Kco^^J. 


Ac  rtrkhin,  aged  f«,  Mr.  Thomas. 
At  Yaiton»  io  hb  d^di  year,  W.  Taylor, 
fnf .     Hit  onboondad  bberality,  procoiod 
hm  the  blettngof  the  ppor  and  wfortBHtta. 
MMttiooTntoia  a. 
L]      At  Pootypool,   Mr.  Cheeks 
■After,  to  Met.  Phiiiipa» 
Mil]     At  Cidosion,  near  hfoniMOth, 
gaid  C3»  the  tcr.  Wibiaaa  Thorn  it,  a}oAiee 
•f  the  peacO  fir  the  covnty  of  Giamoffan» 
tfti  toAor  of  St.  Coionb  M^jur,  in  Cetn- 

•t.oocBtT«ttinas. 

The  Oilttwe  cf  a  very  ofrfbl  vogciabic,  al* 
•tgiihir  «nk«awo  io  England  till  within 
theie  two  yeira,  it  at  length  hroiight  to  per- 
ftftioa  ]m  and  near  Briftol.  This  It  the  An. 
Jon  cabbage,  porhtfa  tbt  moi  profitable  awl 
ofefnl  legummooa  glint  that  can  be  raifed* 
Tht  IM  wat  fappikd  by  a  French  emigrant. 
It  if  fb  tender  that  it«»diciicd  in  three  at  fear 
flunotot  baiSMg.  It  is  an  rmctaent  feod  for 
cattle,  which  fcc4  open  Ic  gioedHi  and  it 
hat  the  valoabia  property  of  occaAon.ag  cows 
Io  yield  ■bon4tnce  of  mak.  at  the  fame  time 
piofcnriog  tbeo  from  dcdioing  in  lidk.  In 
fapidiiy  of  growth,  itt  great  h«lk.  and  the 
little  cultote  it  reunites,  tbit  cabbage  cftceedt 
oUocberof  thalraficafpccics.  The  ftaik, 
which  }t  cocomooly  as  thick  at  a  aun*s  leg. 
It  oied,  orhen  dry,  at  foel ;  and  it  wat  a  com- 
mon feying  at  A njoo,  of  which  i>art  of  Praace 
It  it  a  native,  that  eoer^  c^bba^e  oraa  worth, 
(h:f(ire  tJie  late  aheratian  m  the  vala:  of  money) 
fire  fell  (cw'j  pence  h«lf,«iiay)  eacb.  Though 
the  plant  it  at  the  ^efeot  day  feaf^ly  known 
at  Patit,  yet  at  Aojou,  Poiduu,  and  Britany, 
piwticvlarif  in  the  foraBOr  province,  the  far- 
iMTt  arc  booAd  by  their  lealea  to  plant  a  cer- 
tain  noabar  of  thc»,  in  proportWi^to  the 
csteat  of  land  they  occooy,  »nd  to  leave  a 
certain  nucaber  ftjidinf  when  they  $ uit  *heif 
fec«a» 

MUnkdA  At  Briftol,  Mr.  Jofeph  Brittan, 
toMift  llufon.  Mii  Wiliif,  ta  Mrs.  Con- 
aiaghaa.  Mr. John  Bto«n,  t*  Mift  May 
Awm.  Janet.  Mr.  Aantily,  to  Mil's  Joanna 
QilOi.  Mr,  Skefpard,  to  Mi(s  Sarah  Dow. 
ling.  Mr.  Charlet  Partndgo,  jua.  U>  Mife 
Mary  Olitee.  Mr.  Wngbi,  glvv^r,  of  Wor- 
ce#at,  ga  MMt  Hpott,  of  Biidol.  Mr.  J. 
Jack^bmtoMikMaikRaifh.  Mr.Wnghton, 
10  Mrs.  janea. 

DitdA  At  Tewkibnrv,  tftm  %  li«gt4oC 
^flbefi,  Miii  tliaabeth  BcUiyiim 


Nbrtbampt0i^/bire.^-'BucihigifimJbirf.—t!tm  fdfc.     47 1 


who  fqt  60  Tpmjn^^  finrtt^md  m  IIm/^u- 
6M€fs  ot  i  ^lAter  in  this  cfty.-         *  ,• 

^3H^V»*^  H^  M.  Mis.  SuiaMoah 
Frederick,  a  inaidi;^  My^*  ^r  F^^^  ^*^ 
t^t  MOIf  iMtPVM.^sft.     ^  k»$i  by  'her 

«>«il}()9t  iu4fi!]>y»it  fl^  tW  poor  «(  Bi»inftom 
She  m  :(u%M«4^  in,  her  dUttf**  which  Ji« 
CM^dcT^blf^  hy  l«tr  rtUtiMW  Silwaid.WhU^ 

9fO|lT»AM9tOH«HIAt»  •      ' 

Af)/.]  At  Nprthumptofl^  after  «  Tflry  Hn» 
f  c/mg  ilV>e^l»  Mrs.  Cth(pA>  wife  of  Mr.  AW 
(UroiaB  Cihion.  ' 

Ac  ^rehec^h-H^ll)  ^^^  pfrsUyeic  di<hr4et» 
•n  iMr  reruni  from  Btth  to  VorkfliiNf  Mif. 
Alfiockj  relid  pf  Archdeacon  Akock,  yovitf- 
eft  daughter  of  the  right  rer.  Denifon  Oiim- 
berlandf  LftrdBjihop  oiP.KilinoM  in  Ireland, 
and  tifter  tp  Richard  CamberUnd>  <f<q.  the 
author  of  feyenJ  loamed  and"  ^nteruioing 
works. 

^UCXlVniMMtfilKX. 

At  the  general  afTcmMy  <ii  the  proprietors 
of  the  Orofld  Jun€Uon  canal)  held  at  the 
Crown.«ii4  Anchor  Tavern,  London,  on  Tunf- 
day,  the  5th  di^y  of  June^  the  comoiittee  re- 
po«tc4>  that  .the  can$l  was  now  MTigated 
ftvm  xhe  Thames  aft  Brentford*  to  Two  Wa- 
ters at  Hesicl  Hempftead,  a  dilbace  of  19 
i»tlo»{  that  ia  three  woeks-it  would  he  com- 
pleted to  3vl(hajnftcad,  and  by,  Michaelmas 
la  Tring  aad  Wendorei,  amountiog>  in  the 
whola  to 47  floilea  of  canal  navigation.  Bat 
the  coMUDittee  caUed  the  attentton  of  the  af- 
femhly  to  aft  ad  of  parliaipeot  lately  pafled* 
enabling  the  proprietors  to  f apply  the  me- 
tropolis with'  good  and  wholelome  water. 
Thvbttegtot'the  pare  Watet«  of  the  Cohie  to 
the  Tioinity  of  London,  having  always  been 
Tonlidereda  dtfitable  acquifition  for  the  con- 
vcnJCfiee  of  its  inhabitants,,  and  an  additional 
fccufifty  from  the  dreadful  ravages  of  fire ;  it 
has  AOt  only  been  long  called  for  by  the  pub- 
tic,  but  even  engaged  the  attention  of  par- 
liamem  as  long  ago  as  the  year  1650,  (vide 
Joiftracls  of  the  Hoafeof  Cofftmens),  though, 
mm  varioos  cattfci^  k  Ims  never  been  cfSiCt- 
ed«  la  attempting  to  carry  this  beneficial 
ylan  into  ezeeotion,  the  line  Is 'found  capable 
of  being  cat*oa  an  entire  leveU  and  the  ba- 
fon  at'the  termination^  higher  than  any  other 
head  of  water-iq-the  environs  of  London  {  and 
as  the  fdeaaiage  refuiting  to  the  public,  as 
'well  as  CO  the  proprietors,  was  fa  mantfeft, 
it  was  determined  topsufecute  the  works  with 
«vfe.ditiQn. 

CAMaa/i>ccsnxai. 

JMrrncM^.]  At  Ombri<^  Mr*  MaHtham, 
merchant  tp  Mlfs  Shprt."  The  rev.  Thomas 
Fia6h«.<A,  tic., f  tear  of . Harrington,  to  Mifs 
Sophia  Leach,  youngtli  daughtv  of  the  late 
Mc.  B»rae|irl.ca#h,  cook  of  Trinity  College. 

Thp  rcT.  Mr.  Rofe,  of  Ely,  to  Mifs  Wray, 
daughter  of  the  fH;v.  Mr.  Wray,  of  Hadden- 
ham.  ^  ^ .     . 

Mr.  H.  I^leV  of  Weftloy,  toMifsCaduu 
fine  Hart,  of  Binkley. 

MovTHiY  Mao.  No,  X3(xtu 


DkiA  At  Cambxidge,  in  his  74th  year, 
Mr*  Jo^aa  Fiach*  aUerman.  .  J4i.  JTiyet, 
^iitgeanb  Of  a  confimptiek,  Mr«.0«M|c 
fareU,  a  member  of  the  OaAbridge  Jafil 
aifociation.  , 

?  Tiween Edward  Peiiibeit(m»  A.M.  M^or 
«f  Upwel!,  in  the  iile  of  Ely,  and  of  Fot- 
herdi,  "In  Effext  and  formerly  of  KiAg*a  col- 
leg«»  He  commenced  B.  A.  lfS7>'Mld 
•M»  A.  1760. 

•  At  BaUoch,  Mr.  JofephBacfceti  Sttfttr  ^ 
the  White  Horfe  inn«  .   . 

KoarotK.  . 
«•  The  Norfolk  Ham  meeting ,  for  fhrfp-iicir- 
lag  and  ihaw  of  rims^  was  attehddd  b^  many  • 
af  the- priocipal  gentlemen  and  yeomanry  ^f 
the  county  of  Norfolk.  Mash  merle  h  due 
-Ca  Mr.  Cbke,  for  his  endeavoui^  to  affiektaia 
the  moft  probable  hreed  of  Aeep,  his  UArr- 
•tions  in  improving  the  faau,  sad  of  jehder- 
ing  them  more  genend.  ^ 

AUrriti.']  At  Yarmouth,  the  rev.  J.  Wal- 
lace, of  Braxted,  £^eic,  toMUsLacM,  oftly 
daughter  of' the  late  Gibfon  Lucas,  efq.  xa 
Fill  by,  in  this -county.  Kfr.  J6hn  ThorO- 
bury,  chemift,  to  Mifs  Afin  Uctlvf . 

-Mr.  Richard  Larke,  attorney,. cvAda^  ^ 
Mifs  Palmer,  of  Blflng  Mills. 

Philip  Cafe,  ef<i.  of  Teftertan^  near  AU 
kenham,  to  Mid  Wythe,  of  Eye,  la  Suffolk. 
Died.']  At  N(mvich»  Mr.  Cpoke.  Ih  bis 
•tyth  year,  Mr.  Thottas  Bnbtr.  Mifs 
Mounteney ,  of  the  Swan  ins.  JIf xi .  Gblcby  | 
•tfie  fell  down,  as  ihe  was  tookinf  into  Mie 
drawers  of  her  bureau,  alid  expired  immedi- 
ately.   Aged  5b,  Mrs.  Hannah  Dkkerfoo; 

Alfo  Mrs.  Dix,  aged  yti  Mr.  T]|onM« 
Weaver.  Suddenly,  Mrs  Conftanoef  Ae 
went  to  bed  in  gpod  health,  aad  ^at  ibui^ 
4ead  in  the  morning. 

At  the  Portcr*a  Lodge  of  the  Biliop^s'pa- 
kre  in  the  above  town,  at  the  advaateiiaKa 
of  97,  Mfi.  Bardiwellt  widow  of  Mr.  BardT- 
weJ^  formerly  gardener  to  the  palaA  }  H^ 
had  reiidcd  there  during  the  epifcapacics  of 
feven  fuccedive  bifhops.       < 

AtFakenham,  Mr.  JefidiotvMiUa,  a  <ar* 
geon  of  great  refpe^bility  ;  he  was. aa. in- 
timate friend  of  the  late  eelebnQed  Dr.  J6ha 
Brown,  whofcfyftem  of  pradi^  hfe  adopted 
with  judgment  andfacceil.  Repdated  tttatki 
of  the  gout  had  iattrrly  lendend  hkn  Jaca- 
'pable  of  purfttin;  his  pkt>fcBian,  in-whick 
few  mei\  poflefibd  greattt  Stent.  The  pnbfie 
in  general,  and  his  friends  in  particular haye 
tw  regret  tht  kHt  of  a  lldllifl  and  eapdrienccd 
practitioner,  aad  a  vaHuble  mcffiber  a^  fo- 
ciaty.  ..      ..    ^^    . 

^ged  71 ,  Mrs.  Maiden,  Widoat  of  the  rev. 
Gcoi^cBIaldan,  viar  o# .MuadlUm, Scath- 
ing, and  Fclaingham. 

.    aul^yoi.^.    s 
Marrkd.    'At  Sudbury,  l!hair«r.  Matthew 
Mack,  to  Mri.  £arter.     . .    /  . . 

Mr.  David  Wade,  jun.  of  HaadoA,  to  Mifs 

«A»SFeverf<M,.«fCoNclin9e 

Mr.  JofiepkSbmnYers,  millefyaf  Mdlon, 
to  Mifs  Mary  Aon  Ellis,  of  Tanitall. 

9P  PW.] 


♦7* 


Hertfordfinu.—Eff^.-^1Cint.^Siirry. 


Dud.]  At  WelaethasD,  Mift  Martha  Up- 
Ion. 

AtWoHhim»  after  along  and  painful  ill- 
nefi.  Miff  Bctu,  daughter  of  thftfcv.  C«otge 
Betts. 

At  the  fame  place,  at  the  Tcry  hour  ap- 
pointed fbr  his  wedding,  Mr.  J.  Jermyn. 

At  A^on  Place,  near  tong  Melford,  aged 
99 »  Wffi.  Jenneos,  efq.  fuppofed  to  be  the 
richcft  commoner  in  England.  King  Wil- 
liam was  his  godfather. 

HxarroitDSHiaE. 

MarritdS]  At  Supltford,  Thomas  Blore, 
€(q.  to  Mn.  Cell,  relia  of  the  late  Philp 
Cell,  efq.  of  Hopton,  in  Derhyihire,  and 
youngeil  daughter  of  the  late  Wm.  Milnes, 
efq.  of  Oldercar  Park. 

ColonelBulwer,  of  the  Norfolk  militia,  to 
Mifs  Lytton,  of  Kncbfworth  Houfe. 

Died.'\  At  Hartibouroe,  Manor-place,  Ed- 
ward Gray,  efq.  of  Edward-ftrcet,  Portman- 
Iquare,  and  a  jiiftice  of  the  peace  for  Mid- 
dlcfex. 

Ifi  his  55th  year,  dcfcrvcdly  lamented  by 
»H  who  knew  him,  Michael  Harvey  Bre- 
ton, efq.  of  Epping  Green,  in  thii  county. 
.  At  Bovingdon,  in  his  76th  year,  the  rev. 
Thomas  Parkins,  formerly  of  Lincoln  col- 
lage, Oxford.  Well  known  among  a  nume- 
rous acquaintance  for  the  great  ^^<iri<y  of 
Im  charaacri  hit  teal  in  the  caofe  of  reli- 
gion bordered  upon  eothufufm:  his  exertiona 
in  the  caufe  of  humanity  were  indefatigable  j 
and,  while  he  was  conftantly  employed  in 
promoting  a£ts  of  charity,  or  the  intereft  of 
•thcrs,  he  was  remarkable  for  the  total  ne- 
gleflof  his  own. 

X8SZX. 

MarrUd."]  The  rev.  Job  Wallace,  vicar 
•f  Braxted,  to  Mifs  Mary  Ar.n  Lucas,  of 
Yarmouth. 

At  Saffron  Walden,  the'rev.  Mr.  Newtoo, 
reOor  of  Tewin,  Hanti,  to  Mifs  Douglas, 
only  daughter  of  the  late  J.  C.  S.  Douglas, 
efq.  of  Jamaica. 

At  Dunmow,  John  Clapton,  to  Mifs  Dobfon. 

Died.]  At  Great  Baddow,  Mrs.  Wilfon, 
ivife  of  Lieut.  Wilfon,  adjutant  of  the  Wett 
XSex  regiment  of  militia. 

Alfo  Mr.  Archer,  of  the  Bell  ion.  Aged 
91,  Mrs.  Godfrey. 

JtXNT. 

MarrUdJ]  At  Rocheller,  Mr.  Charles 
Pai.nc,  to  Mifs  Home. 

At  Whitftable,  Mr.  T.  Gann,  boat  builder, 
to  Mils  Mary  JCcmp.  Mr.  Rodney  Warlow, 
toMils  Jane  Giles. 

At  Tcntcrdcn,  Mr.  S.  Timfon,  Co  Mifs 
Milfted. 

At  Hythe,  Mr.  Charles  Miles,  of  the 
•Grange,  in  Southwark,  Co  Mifs  Woolly,  of 
the  former  place. 

At  Lang  Icy,  Mr  James  Alexander,  banker, 
of  MjiUftonc,  to  Mrs.  Elgar,  widow  of  Mr. 
Elgar  Tuylor,  of  Frant,  in  Suffex. 

Died.]  Wm.  Hcniey,  efq.  ot'CoreCoiut. 
■car  Maidftone. 


.  At  Gaalerbttry,  Mr.  Philip  Chapman.  Mrs. 
Tritton.  Mrs.  RoUnfon,  wife  of  Charles 
Robinfon,  ti\,  recorder  of  this  city.  Mr. 
Thomas  Hudfoo.  Mifs  Drew.  Mr.  Grove. 
Mr.  John  Mocket,  diftilkr.  In  her  chair, 
whilft  eating  her  breaktaft,  Mia.  Blake. 
Mrs.  Friend,  roif^refs  of  the  ladies*  boarding 
fchool  in  Margaret^ftreet.  In  an  advanced 
age,  Mrs.  Benfqn,  widow  of  the  late  Thos. 
Benfon,  efq.  auditor  of  the  cathedral. 

At  Feveriham,  aged  75>  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Jackfoo,  Mr.  .Thomas  Gibbs,  44  years  fer- 
geant  at  mace  to  the  corporation. 

At  Whitftaple,  aged  45,  Mrs.  hfinter. 
/  At  lAeden,  Mrs.  Payler. 

At  AMord,  in  his  4id  year,  Mr.  William 
Clark,  ferjeant  in  the  Weft  York  militia. 

At  Brompton,  in   an  advanced  age,  Mr. 
Robert  Dadd,  many  years  a  quarter-mafter  of 
•  the  (hip- Wrights  in  Chatham  dock-yasd. 

AtHearn,  Mrs.  Holbom. 

At  Elham,  Mr.  John  Wood,  farmer. 
suaaxY. 

Married.}  At  Caroberwcll,  the  rev.  Wm. 
Pcieftley,  paftor  of  the  independent  con- 
gregation  of  Protefbmt  diflenters  at  Deal, 
CO  Mifs  Jane  Hutton,  of  Buckingham. 

Ditd,]     At  Croydon,  Simon  Baiatty,  efq. 
.     At  bis  houfe  at  Clapbam  Common,  aged 
71,  Samuel  Smith,  efq. 

At  Ewell,  in  a  fit  of  apoplexy,  Alexander 
Brydges,  efq. 

At  his  houfe  on  Richmond  Hill,  in  his 
63d  year,  Thomas  Allen,  efq.  formerly  a 
commilBoner  of  the  cuftoms. 

At  Cobham,  John  Freekmd,  efq. 

Ac  Camberwell,  aged  76,  Jofiah  Maonery, 
efq.     AUb,  Mrs.  Langton. 

At  Eaft  Sheen,  James  Weatherflone,  eiq. 

At  Bottleys,  in  Surry,  Sir  Jose? it 
Mawbxy,  bart.  many  years  celebrated  as  a 
fenator  and  magiftrate.  Kotwithftanding  the 
boafted  magnitude  of  our  commerce,  and  the 
immenfe  increafe  of  our  manufadures,  it  b 
but  comparatively  of  late  years  chat  they 
iuve  attained  their  prefent  confideration.  The 
reigns  of  Henry  VIIL  and  Elizabeth  firft 
witncflfed  any  beneficial  intercourfe  with  di- 
ftanc  nations^  and,  but  a  little  before  that 
period,  the  fleeces  of  England  were  worked 
into  broad  cloths  by  the  looms  of  Flanden. 
There  is  one  important  branch  of  trade  xhzt 
has  been  almoft  cteated,  and  moft  certainly 
has  atulned  its  prefent  confeqoence  in  o^t 
own  days;  this  is  the  difiUJay.  Along  with 
it  has  arifen  a  new  race  of  men,  wbnfe 
wealth  has  obtained  for  them  confiderable 
eminence  in  the  ftace,  enabled  them  to  cope 
with  the  nobility  in  point  of  ridhea,  and  to 
procure  feats  la  at  leaft  one  portion  of  the  le- 
gillature.  The  fubjeA  of  this  (hort  memoir, 
ouring  a  large  portion  of  his  life,  appertained 
Co  this  clafs  to  which  we  have  joft  alluded. 
If  high  birth  depended  either  upon,  or  were 
even  accompanied  by  virtue  and  talents,  it 
might  have  been  a  reproach  to  the  late  Sir 
Jofcph  Mawbey,  that  be  &rft  faw  the  li^h( 


tifi  0f  Sir  Jrfepb  Mawbey. 


473 


in  a  cottage.  His  father  wat  a  peafant,  and 
he  himfelf  was  born  at  Ravenftone,  in 
Leiccfterihire,  where  a  fifter  of  his  ftill  re- 
fides:  (he  married  a  farmer^  and  the  wealth 
attained  by  her  brother  did  not  fo  far  harden 
his  heart,  aa  either  to  make  him  defeat  or  dif* 
own  her.  The  fchoolmafter  of  the  little  viU 
Uge,  prood  perhaps  of  having  educated  fuch  a 
pupil,  is  accuftomed  to  narrate,  with  great 
fatisfs^on,  how  young  Mr.  Mawbcy  fct  oot 
from  home  for  the  county  totvn,  in  order  to 
travel  in  the  ftage  coach  to  London,  vtkert  he 
iecameagreattHant  &c. 

It  was  to  a  rich  uncle,  at  Lambeth,  that  he 
wasfent  by  his  parents  ;  by  this  relation  he 
was  adopted,  and  at  his  death  became  princi- 
pal proprietor,  in  perhaps  the  greateft  diftil- 
lery  in  England. 

In  the  year  1760,  it  was  his  good  fortune 
to  marry  Mifs  Pratt,  an  amiable  woman^ 
with  whom  he  lived  many  yean  in  great  con- 
jugal felicity  $  by  this  lady  he  had  feveral 
children,  and  he  lamented  her  death  with  the 
fincereft  affliAios. 

The  reign  of  George  II.  clofed,  and  that 
of  Otorge  III.  opened  with  the  brighttft  pro* 
fyc€t$.  But  thrfe  were  foon  clouded,  and  a 
ly&cm  is  then  thought  to  have  conrnienced, 
which  led  to  the  American  war,  and  the  ftill 
greater  calamities  of  the  prefent  day. 

At  the  general  eleAion  in  1761,  Mr. 
Maw  bey  ftood  a  candidate  m  tbefofular  ittte^ 
rejif  to  rcprefent  the  borough  of  Southwark 
in  parliament ;  and,  notwithftanding  a  very 
warm  oppofitioii  from  tbe  tourt  part^  hap- 
pened to  fucceed.  No  fooner  had  he  taken 
his  feat  than  heoppofed  the  Bute  admmfirationf 
then  fupported  by  a  junto,  who  afiefted  to 
arrogate  to  themfelves  the  title  of  **  the 
klng*s  friends,**  aclafsof  men,  happily  cha- 
raderifed  by  Davenant,  as  "  an  ignorant, 
mercenary,  and  fervile  crew  \  unanimous  in 
evil,  diligent  in  mifchief,  variable  in  prin- 
ciples,  conftaot  ibr  flattery,  talkers  for  Hberty^  ^ 
hut  Oaves  to  power  $  ftUing  themfelves  the 
court  party,  and  the  princess  only  friends.*^ 

On  this  occafion^  he  conduced  himfelf 
with  fuch  fpirit  and  uniformity,  that  his 
conduA  was  noticed  by  the  heads  of  the  op- 
pofition,  and  when  the  Roclgngham  party 
came  into  favour,  Mr.  Mawbey  had  the  ofter 
of  a  baronetage  f  t  this  was  at  a  peiriod  when 
titles  were  offiered  with  a  more  fparing  hand 
than  at  prefent. 

During  the  Grafton  and  Kofth  admtniftn* 
Cions,  jSir  Jofeph  ftcadily  adhered  to  the  caufe 
of  the  people^  exhibiting  the  moil  ^  masked 
^iflilce  to  the  conduct  of  the  niling  powea, 
and  proving  to  his  conftituenti,  and  thr  na^ 
tion  at  large,  that  he  had  not  harterod  hit 
principles  hi  0  hit  of  ptrehmepf. 

Conceiving  the  rights  of  every  freeholder 
in  the  kingdom  to  be  injured  in  the  perfoo  of 

*  Whatever  may  have  been  the  cafe  in  Sir 
William  Davenant's  time,  it  is  but  juftice  co 
remark,  that  they  have  of  Kite  years  been 
iiM  hoHiii  to  mike  any  pretenHons  of  this  kiad. 
.    f  The  patenV  u  dated  July  39,  i765« 


Mr.  Wilkes,  he  fupported  that  gentlemaa  ia 
his  conteil  during  the  Middlefex  ele^on,  and 
not  only  countenanced  him  with  his  prefence, 
but  aided  him  with  his  purfe.  His  exertiont 
were  alfo  eonfpicuous  in  the  memorable  con* 
teft  ahMit  getieraitoarramtu 

When  »e  Lord  Mayer  and  Mr.  AldeMiM 
Oliver  were  imprifoned  in  the  Tower,  for  fo 
nobly  maintaining  the  franchifes  of  the  city 
of  London,  we  And  Sir  Jofeph  Mawbey 
walking  in  proccfllon  with  the  fodety  €» 
Antigallicans,  to  pay  his  refpeds  to  them. ' 

On  theappearance  of  Serjeant  Glynn,  as  a 
candidate  for  the  iirft  county  in  the  kingdom, 
j^e  contributed  hisnfiiftanee  and  fuppert,  and 
fubfcribed  thirty  pounds  towards  the  neoelTary 
expenses  {. 

In  conuDon  with  the  other  friends  of  free- 
dom throughout  the  kingdom,  he  exprefled 
his  indignation  at  the  cooduA  of  government^ 
in  refped  to  the  **  Brentford  riots,**  nnd 
protefted  loudly  agalnft  the  extenfion  of  tho 
royal  mercy  to  the  guilty  M'guirk,  convid^ 
ed  on  thisoccafion  of  murder.  The  *<  maf- 
facre  in  St.  Georgc*s  Fields,**  as  it  was  thea 
termed,  was  itnother  fubjeA  of  juft  animad* 
verfion  and  rigorous  inquiry:  in  -that  cafe 
alfo,  the  culprits  did  not  feel  the  weight  of 
the  avenging  laws. 

A  conduct  fo  uniformly  hoftile  tominifte- 
rial  defpotifm,  of  couriedrew  down  upon  his 
head  the  vengeance  of  the  cwrt forty  1  their 
hatred  and  perfecution,  indeed,  leem  to  have 
ended  only  with  his  retirement  from  public 
bufinefs.  Sir  Jofeph's  *'  hogs**  became  the 
ftanding  jeft  of  all  the  minor  wiu,  and  Mf. 
Burke  himfelf,  with  a  profeffional  allufion* 
unworthy  of  his  talents,  happening  to  be  op* 
poled  by  tne  *<  popular  baronet,**  as  he  wan 
then  called,  affirmed,  that  all  his  arguments 
confuted  his  principles,  "  and  that,  like  a 
pig  in  fwiramingi  he  was  only  cutting  his 
own  throat.**  He  is  alfo  faid  to  have  been 
an  objedt  of  daily  ridicule,  in  a  newfpaper 
conduced  by  a  man  who  was  a  difgrace  to  hit 
cloth,  and  fupported  by  one  of  the  moil  aban« 
doned  mifcreants  that  ever  difgraced  nobility. 

At  the  general  election  in  1768,  Sir  Jofeph 
was  once  more  returned  for  the  borough 'of^ 
Southwark.  On  a  vacancy  taking  place  for^ 
the  county  of  Surry,  he  was  foon  afcer 
chofen  one  of  its  reprefentativcs,  and  in  this 
capacity  was  always  found  (leadily  oppofing 
the  encroachments  of  the  prerogative,  anA 
voting  on  the  fide  of  the  people 

Let  it  be  recorded  t^  nis  honour,  diSit  he 
was  uniformly  a  foe  to  (h^  American  war,  and 
conftantly  oppofed  the  nifiog  of  thefupplies 
by  which  it  was  carried  on.  On  Monday, 
Nov.  13th,  1776,  he  objected  to  the  addi- 
tional (biUlng  on  the  land  tax,  propofed  by 
Lord  North,  and  fald,  «  that  it  was  unnr* 
ceiTaty  and  wanton  }**  adding,  *'  it  was  diffi- 
cult to  determine,  whether  it  if^as  rooft 
founded  on  folly  or  injuftlce.** 

X  He  purchafed  a  freehpld  in  Middjffesy 
exprefsly.  t«r  thft  pnvfofc  of  ft  ^M«  ia4krt 
county,      , 


BUgrapikal  NptM  pf  Sir  J^fepb  Mawlej. 


47* 

Ohj«ttSngto  hoftfliticty  it  nay  be  neceiAi. 
rily  fwppofcd,  that  ke  warmly  animadveited 
op  (ohm  of  the  CTttcltict  with   whuh  that 
contcft  was  difgtaccd.     To  cke  honour  of  the 
Britiih  naakCy  it  aiofti  however^  be  confcA*e4y 
that  the  Coldicrs  wcto  not  let  loofc  oa  the 
pfofle.     The    bomnig  of  AUbpot,  indeed, 
occurred^  but  it  waa  allowed  on  all  h^nds  to 
Yt  an  unworthy  meaforey  and  there  was  not 
found  a  fingle  man  bafe  enough  to  enter  on  itt 
jn^^ificanon.     Msr^allmo  was  then  only  ^m- 
ployed  againft  thofe  finbjeAed  to  its  opera- 
tioaSy  by  the  mutiny  bill}  and  the  idea  of 
'*  toitures  and  fcourgea,**  (at  which  the  ad- 
herents of  Robefpierre  would  have  ftartcd 
with  abborreKc  !)  was  not  even  dreamed  of 
bv  the  BritiOi  government,  ilthoughit  was 
childiAly  fu^ofcd,  that  the  cabinet  <s(  that 
d^y  had  attained  the   aaajoMM*  of   human 
guilt ! 

**  Gnoffia  b^ec  KbaJamantbui  habtt  iwtjpma 

regna, 
**  CaJH^aifWf  siuBtfut  ditotf  fubg'tque  fa- 

tcri." 

Sir  T»^eph  M Awbey  was  a  conftant  friend 
trtihcai»trty  of  the  prcf».  la  1773,  when 
Mr.  Dc  Grey,  broihcr  to  the  chief  jullice, 
iM>i  a  member  of  the  huure  of  comi>M>ns« 
happened  accIucntaUy  to  tn-Udt  ttaother  gen- 
t!cmatrs  cilate  *  Iii  ao  iiKk>:'ut-e  bill  for  the 
f^tiCa  of  Tottington,  in  Norfolk,  this  ex- 
traordinary proceeding  was  qua(hed  by  the 
author  of  *<  thcDiverfions  of  Purley,"  who 
reprobated  the  meafure  with  a  mafcuUne  in- 
dignation, attacked  the  mpartuility  of  the 
fpfakcr  (Sir  Fletcher  Norton,  afterwards 
LorJ  Grant),  and  finally  laved  his  friend*s 
property.  Oa  this  ockjiion,  Mr.  Sanipfon 
WcuJf^tll,  printer  of  the  Public  Advertifer, 
was  brought  to  the  bar,  abd  a  motion  was 
m.)dc  for  his  commitment  to  Newgate,  but 
this  was  ftrenuoufly  Ofpofcd  hy  Sir  Jofcph  } 
and  Mr.  Tooke,  who  avowed  himlelf  the  au- 
thor, after  difplaying  wonderful  |K)wcrs,  and 
even  calling  up  a  blufh  on  the  then  J^aktr** 
ctakf  was  difmilTed  fiom  the  fcar. 

In  1779,  we  find  the  member  for  Surry, 
in  execution  of  hii  patllamentary  duty,  mov- 
ing in  his  place,  that  Lord  George  Germainc 
fiiould  vacate  his  feat  in  patl'ument,  loconfc- 
quence  of  his  having  accepted  of  un  ofRce  f , 
created  poderiortochc  ftatuCe  of  queen  Anne* 
On  this  occafion  he  entered  into  a  htltory  of 
the  qTieftion,  and  proved  hlmfeli'to  be  a  man 
of  confidcrable  rcP  -rch. 

In  the  fame  year,  he  feconded  Colonel 
Barrels  motion  again}^  **  ccn traders  i'*  and  in 
17S4,  when  a  chsu.^^^  of  adminKbration  took 
place,  fo  careful  wa&  he  of  the  public  money, 
on  all  occafions,  and  under  .ill  miniftcrs,  that 
he  oppofcd  the  expcnfive  cilabiirtiment  con- 
ceived by  a  noble  duke,  then  at  tlic  head  of 
the  ordnance  hoird,  fe>r  purchalin^  Sir  Gre- 
Ifory  Page  Turner's  fp  I  end  id  houle  at  Black- 

•  That  of  —  Tookr,  Efo. 
.    f  Xhat^'  tecMUry  M.the-  Ameriom  de- 
partment. 4 


heathy  in  order  to  omveit  it  into  a  Military 
fchool,  for  the  cadets  of  Woolwich  warren. 

It  was  thos  that  Sir  Jofeph  Mawbey,  In  a 
vensil  age>  fupported  the  reputation  of  an 
fingUlh  fcnator.  At  length  the  memorable 
epoch  of  elic  *«  coalition,*'  the  bitter  fruits 
of  which  we  are  at  thii  moment  digefting, 
occurred.  A  fchemc,  fo  thoroughly  devoid 
of  principle,  as  that  of  the  jonAion  of  the 
**  friends  of  the  people,"  with  «<  one  of  the 
authors  of  the  American  war,"  was  not  re- 
lifliad  by  a  man,  uniform  in  his  fupport  of 
public  liberty,  and  now  becoming  grey  in  the 
public  lervicc. 

He  accordingly  fopported  Mr.  Pitt,  a  youth 
whofe  jtrfnciples  affeared  to  be  bottomed  on 
the  auctcnt  oonftttotion,  and  whofe  profef- 
Ikms  were  fo  plauiible,  that,  yonng  as  he 
was,  he  muft  have  been  fit 


<<  To  tcubtvtn  the  bo^ry  IhmiSan  gmiftV^ 

if  he  had  already  become  fuch  an  adept  in 
premature  deception. 

To  this  beardlefs  ftatefman,  Sir  Jofepb, 
Kke  many  of  her  worthy  men,  gave  a  Iberal, 
but  net  a  blind  fopport.  Thrs  circumfbnce, 
however,  prof«d  unfavourable  to  his  intcrej^s 
in  the  county,  and  wo  accordingly  find,  that 
at  the  general  eleOion,  in  1790,  he  did  not 
meet  with  that  warm  fopport,  which  he  had 
formerly  ecperienced.  He  therefore  retired 
to  the comfort(x>f private  life,  the  coafcioof- 
nefi  arifing  Irom  honeft  exertions,  and  the 
enjoyaeat  of  a  liberal  fortune. 

Some  time  before  this,  he  had  withdrawn 
all  conctm  In  the  diiftiltery,  having  re- 
ceived, at  it  is  faid,  about  feventy  thoufand 
pounds,  for  bis  ihare  in  that  extenfive  coa- 
cera. 

Having  already  been  at  a  conliderable  ex- 
pence  in  fome  contefted  eleAions,  he  was 
dctenirined  iwt  to  rifk  the  independence  of 
hirafclf  and  family,  for  a  vott  in  the  hoafe 
of  commons;  fcoraing,  therefore,  to  buy  a 
kormtght  he  put  a  period  to  his  pariiameotiry 
career. 

He,  however,  took  frequent  opportunities 
of  decbring  •  his  opinions  rtlatave  to  public 
aAaiis,  and,  in  a  particular  and  pi^nted  man- 
ner, exprei&d  his  difapprobation  of  the  pre- 
font  difajhous  war. 

He  IVill  continued  tkeexercUeof  his  duties 
as  a  magiihrate,  anil  prefixed  with  great 
ability  as  chairman  at  the  quartet  fcAons,  un* 
tfl  his  official  funfthms  were  (hfpended,  by 
an  unfortunate  event.  A  difpute  harifig 
arifon  about  a  road,  he  and  another  raagiftrate 
were  requefted  to  tww  and  rvrtj/Jr  on  the  oc- 
cafion. Some  mttake  unluckily  took  plate, 
and  polit'cal  enmity  is  fuppofed  to  have  had 
its  fnare,  ina  bufinefs,  that  h  faid  to  hrre 
preyed  on  his  fpirits,  until  the  laft  moments 
of  his  exigence.  Malice  itfelf  could  not, 
hovi'cVer,  impure  a  corruj>t  mctrvt  to  his  coa» 
du£^,  :ind  the  unanimous  teftlmony  of  the 
Bench  "J  J  exhibited  the  honourable  feclingSt 
»ndp;irticttlar  regard,   of  his  brother  mai^if* 

l  'HHs  aktides  to.  a  letter-  figned  bycht 


Sir  Jofeph  Mttv)U3,'->'Hamp]blre.—WtltJbirt. 


♦7$ 


tnui,  refpeaing  a  juftice  of  the  peace,  wlio 
ha4  given  an  aAdnous  attendance  to  the  du- 
ties of  thatofiioe.for  upwards  of  forty  years. 
^  Sir  Tofephy  after  this*  refidcd  almoft  con* 
tinoallV  at  his  houfc  at  Botleys,  in  Sorry, 
where  he  lived  with  great  hofpitality.  He 
occafionally  cultivated  the  mx^es,  and  wo 
have  feen  fomc  of  his  poetical  eflfuiions, 
which  were  certainly  above  mediocrity.  On 
the  death  of  Lady  Mawbey,  he  penned  fomc 
^erfes  to  her  memory,  which  are  fpoken  of 
as  abounding  in  fenEbillty. 

Sir  J.  Mawbey  carried  along  with  him  to 
his  grave  the  chancer  of  an  indepptdatt  «^«. 
In  a  corrupt  age,  this  is  no  fmall  merit,  and 
it  perhaps  created  fome,  as  it  certainly  added 
to  the  number  and  animoiity  of  his  eoeniies  j 
for  what  can  be  a  greater  ftigma  on  thoTe  who 
are  wallowing  in  the  fpoils  of  the  public, 
than  to  behold  a  refpe^ble  .diftiUer  content* 
ed  with  an  honourable  competency,  and 
fcoming  to  increafe  it  by  augi^nting  the  ^if- 
treft  of  the  nation  ?  ' 

suisfz. 

Mgrfied.l  At  Irfield,  ^  alter  Gray,  t{\. 
ff  Southgate  GrpTC,  Co  Mifs  Rickmaa. 

At  Heathfield,  Mr.  Charles  Goringo  of 
WhiOoaPark,  to  UiaEliMbeth  LuxfonL 

DkdA  At  Lewes,  Mr.  Charles  Hider. 

At  Chichefter,  ia  her  66th  year,  Mrs. 
Aoae  PilJuqgton,  widow  of  the  rev.  Dr. 
Pilkington,  late  vicar  of  Findeo. 

At  Higl>down  Hill*  In  the  paciA  «f  W<f. 
•en,  Mr.  Oliver,  miller. 

HAMFSItllK. 

Mtrrkd.]  At  Southampton,  Jofoph  Lav- 
lence  Dowiai,  ef<|.  to  Mils  Kinglbury. 

At  the  fame  place,  the  right  hon.  earl 
«f  Yarmouth,  cldeft  fon  ^£  the  Maequis  of 
Hertford,  to  Mifs  Fogaiani. 

Died,]  At  Winchefter,  Mr.  Holers.  Mrs, 
Hopkins,  wife  of  Mc  R.  Hopkins,  auauple 
to  the  coUege. 

At  Portsmouth,  Mr.  John  Shoveller,  fea. 
werchiat.    Ueut.  Willum  Chriftmas. 

WII.TSMtnX. 

Mmrudl  Mr.  RawUngs,  of  Fording- 
hrtdge,  to  Mifs  P.  Curtis,  o^Breanore. 

AtJKftopftoM,  Mr.  Thomas  Haiduigj  to 
Mn.  Clark. 

At  Bemertoa,  Mr*  Meredith,  bad-fur. 
▼eyor,  of  liondon,  to  Mtft  Page,  of  the  for- 
mer place. 

Mr.  Savory,  jun.  of  Parton,  aearSwindont 
lo.Mift  Rogers,  of  Ramfbory. 
,  DiU]  At  Saliibocy,  Mrs.  Sai&ry.  Mr. 
Xdward  Seymour,  jnn.  In  her  93d  year,  Mrs. 
Coldwyer.  Or.  Wiilbm  Haaeock,  formeiiy 
»  phyficiw  of  emineac«k  but  who  ha4  for 
many  years  retired  ftom  hufincis. 

At  Wfiftbury  Leigh,  aged  73,  Mr.  Stephea 
Srova. 

At  Breamore,    fuddenly,   Mr.  Hollowaf. 

magiftraces  of  the  diftri^,  in  which  they 
conveyed  their  opinion  ^  his  condud  in  a 
manner  4)igbly  Morxwraible  to  all- parties  'it» 
was  written  and  tnmfmitted  afio'  kit  retretf 
from  tht  itaeb* 


He  was  greatly  no^   for  bis  ritritriMiitf 

flcill  in  curing  the  diftempers  of  cattle. 

MiCs  Frances  Arundel,  of  Aflicomh. 

June  7(h,  after  a  ihort  illnefs,  at  DeTereHg 
Mrs.  M.  A.  Goddard,  widow  of  rev.  W.  Goi< 
dard,  of  Star(.roves,  Berks.^As  an  apoi^gf 
for  intruding  thele  imperfod  outUoes  apo^ 
the  public,  it  may  be  ohferved,  that  to  eveijr 
point  of  view  the  reprefentation  of  a  TalaaUf 
life,  promifes.  fomc  utility  to  mankind.  Tba 
prefent  deiign  is.drawn  with  as  much  faith  a«i 
candour,  as  the  parriality  of  aa  ardent  friea4 
may  be  fuppofcd  to  poflcfs.  The  defire  ol* 
being  corre^,  and  of  doing  the  fubjed  jufttcc^ 
is  of  more  powerful  influence  in  the  mind  of 
the  arti^  than  to  difpUy  his  ovrn  foeliags,  m 
compoie  a  flattering  panegyric  oa  a  perfiw 
whofe  memory  could  not  be  embelHflied  bf 
either.  Mrs.  M.  A.  Goddard  was  the  daagb* 
ter  of  Major  Princej  in  his  mijefty*s  icrvicc 
She  was  born  in  the  year  1774,  but  het  pa* 
rents  d^ing  at  an  early  period  ojf  her  age,  tJig 
care  of  her  devolved  00  general  Sir  R.  Slopcr« 
under  whotie  liberal  guardianihip  ihe  receive^ 
a  good  education.  At  the  ageof  .xS,  ibc  laar* 
riei  the  rev.  Mr.  Wm.  Goddard,  of  St«* 
groves,  in  Berkihire ;  be  was  a  man  of  aa  «»* 
cellent  heart,  and  they  lived  very  happily  to* 
gether  until  the  autumn  of  1797,  wbea  Mic* 
Goddard,  attacked  with  a  complaint  ia  tb« 
lungs,  for  which  he  was  advilcd  a  voyage  %% 
Liibon,  unfortunately  dird  on  the  oaiTagc^ 
leaving  a  wife  and  throe  jnfont  childsea. 
When  Mrs.  M.  A.  Goddard  returned  from  tMto 
melancholy  duty,  fte  arranged  heraflTairs  19 
live  witli  a  brother-in-law,  at  Deverill,  wha« 
thetvent  happened  whiShofcifionsthe  prefieot 
attempt  at  pourtrayiog  her  charader.  In  ^ff,^ 
fon  ihe  wasdelicauly  foauoioe*  her  form  was 
neat  and  elegant,  her  complcxioa  puce  an4 
fair  \  (he  was  allowed,  b^  both  foxes,  to  be 
haadfoii^e.— 'Her  expremon  was  peculiarly 
pleafing,  accompanied  with  a  gentlenefs  an4 
affability  of  manner,  which  was  extremely 
captivating.  She  was  modeft  and  graceful  i« 
her  deportment,  without  the  fmallcft  appear* 
ance  of  a^ing  ;— 4heia  was  nothing  theaitric4 
about  her.  In  company,  and  ta  cogverfatiiia^ 
her  mildneis  of  temper  led  her  to  aguox  «» 
inforior  parts  She  feldem  obtruded  obforva- 
tioQs  or  argumenta  of  her  own  \  the  viokaca 
of  difputation,  and  the  gabble  of  impertiaeog 
folly  were  equally  repugnant  to  bar  difpofiuoo. 
Her  paifive  coodud,  00  thefe  occafioas^  coaH 
not  be  cpnfidered  a  fault ;  whenever  foe  fag* 
gefted  any  thing,  it  was  either  founded  ia 
good  fenfo,  or  it  was  a  foible  expreij&oa  of 
pure  affe£lioo  and  beaevolcnce.  She  pea* 
forved  that  equality  of  teaaper  which  alTuagey 
9nd  di  farms  anger  ^  ihe  was  always  ready  «p 
forgive,  and  bountiful  to  her  eflforU  tp  4a 
good.  A  modcft  dignity  prcHded  over  sU  her 
£ondu£l :  She  never  faid  a  foulUh  thing.  Jlt 
iomeftic  M^y  in  worldly  bufinel^,  in  the  d^^ 
ties  of  a  mother,  a  wife,  and  a  friend,  fof 
can  never  be  excelled.  AltlMu^h  foe  had  « 
very  unufual  foire  qf  (be  f^oft  fiific4|Ji^4tiMMfr 
anions  in  worldly  aftairs,  yet  fo&  always  ap- 


47« 


Dorfitjhtre.^^idnurfetjhm. 


fenti  above  the  talk*;  cheerfal,  pjttient,  an4 
pevfeTcrmg  under  fatlfne^  her  labour  was 
ever  beforehand,  and  flie  preferved  abundance 
•f  leifure  for  the  enjoyments  of  fociety.  She 
was  generous,  humane,  and  charitable  in  all 
&er  dealings.  Her  accompli (hments  were  noc 
•f  ih^r  glaring  kind,  which  often  tempts  the 
yofT'-flor  of  them  to  make  a  difplay ;  neither 
would  her  natural  good  fenfe  and  refined  tafte 
bave  permitted  her  to  fliake  a  Ibew  of  gaudy 
acquirements.  Her  afte6fcions  were  all  pure 
and  fufccptible ;  die  felt  keenly  the  aim  of 
lenttment ;  received  and  communicated  every 
Ipeciet  of  kindnefa  with  ardour,  and  left  no 
attempt  to  intereft  her  frieadfliip  unrewarded. 
In  literary  correfpondence,  the  force  of  her 
Siind  became  more  evident :  every  one  who 
cnjoy-M  tbia  happioefs,  knows  how  to  value 
her  talenta.  Asa  private  character,  flie  was 
beloved  by  all  who  knew  her.  In  the  relation 
which  her  wiiowed  ftate  had  placed  her  to- 
vrarda  an  infant  ^mily,  (he  was  invaluable^ 
In  herfe'f  flieknew  no  vice,  ihe  had  no  faults, 
and  her  foibles,  if  flie  had  any,  were  undif- 
covcrable.  She  was  one  of  th-^l'e  rare  human 
beings,  who  approached,  if  (he  did  not  in 
laaliry  attain,  tiie  limits  of  the  perfection  of 
anr  nature.  May  her  orphan  family  !e.irr>  the 
true  value  of  fuch  virtues  and  endowments, 
and  may  they  ever  emulate  their  mother*s  ex- 
cdfenciet. 

DOKSKTSHIRZ. 

Marrud."]  At  Dorchefter,  Mr.  Thomas 
Wood,  to  Mi  fa  Gibbons,  niece  to  Mrs.  Car- 
ter, of  the  Antelope  inn.  Mr.  George  Framp- 
tan,  to  Mifs.  Nelfon. 

JOiid.]  At  Blandford,  Mr.  Thomas  Wa- 
ters. 

S0MXISET8HXKC. 

r  The  C;  ijTn  lock,  erefted  on  the  Somerfet 
canal  atCombhay,  lately  underw  nt  a  complete 
trial  before  the  gentlemen  of  the  committee, 
ard  arumerous  aflembiyof  fpedators;  when 
the  p**  nc'plcs  of  its  .ifJi-m  and  utility  were 
lb*ly  eft  ^.biiihed.  I  hr  drfccnt  of  the  ca:ff3n« 
firnm  the  upper  t^  the  fewer  level,  the  paflage 
of  ihf  boat  therefrom  to  the  end  of  the  tun- 
aiel,  its  return,  and  admiflion  into  the  caiflbn, 
and  i^s  fubftqM^nt  afcent  and  anchoragr,  may 
be  regard-  d  as  a  complete  operar'on,  an^  rfta- 
bl'iflus  b;*yond  a!l  controv:'rfy,  the  pro<«  fs  of 
an  invention  which,  i'l  point  of  ingenuity 'and 
tttili'^v,  m  y  be  confidered  as  the  girat^ft  dt(- 
eovery  of  the  prefent  age.  Afttr  the  firft  ex- 
pcrim<  r,  lev-ral  gentlemen,  ftruck  with  the 
lisciii'v  jMd  fafoty  of  its  operation,  went  down 
in  I  he  c  i/Tin  to  a  depth  •f  more  than  60  feet, 
and  in  l.k.  manner  returned  to  the  upper  l-'vel. 
In  f'  m-  parts  of  the  machinery,  the  working 
■W28  -tarded  by  a  few  obftacles  altogether  c-*- 
fu't),  an<i  which  m<yeafily  be  cbvi.ned  in  fu- 
ture. Howev'^r,  to  remove  ill  doubr  and 
anxiety  on  the  fubjeA,  Mr.  Weld  on,  the  in- 
ve«t«r,  has  un^rtaken  to  pa<8  through  the 
taifltin  lock  15C0  ton  of  grods  in  12  hours, 
%ith  only  t>ne  min  to  work  the  Z&ftchlne;  and 
^ '      ( of  the  boatmaiu  * 


MarrieA-l  At  Bathford,  tJic  rev.  Toha 
Genger  Barnes,  M.  A.[follow  and  tutor  of  Ba- 
liol  college,  Oxford,  to  Mifs  Anna  Maria 
Belcher,  daughter  of  Geoffery  Lovett  Bel- 
cher, eft},  of  Lovett-hall,  near  Maldon,  Eflex. 

At  Glaftonbury,  Mifs  Mary  Wiilry,  a 
young  lady  of  genteel  fttrtune,  to  one  of  the 
privates  of  the  Chefliire  fupplementary  militia. 

Mr.  John  Light,  of  Midgill  Farm,  to  Mifs 
Parfons  of  Timlbury. 

At  the  Quaker's  Meeting,  at  Sidcot,  Mr. 
Self,  druggift,  of  Briftol,  to  Mifii  Tanner, 
of  Woc^dborough. 

At  Bath,  the  hon.  and  rev.  T.  S.  Tvnftle* 
tony  to  Mifs  Aftie,  daughter  of  Benjamin  Aike, 
efq.  formerly  in  the  fcrvice  of  the  Eaft-tndia 
Company.  Mr.  Chapman,  of  Rodney  Stoke 
Lodge,  CO  Mifs  Joan  Saunders  Brooks,  daugh- 
ter of  Jofeph  Brooks,  efq.  of  Cofiey  Houfe, 
near  Wells.  H.  Brumgatten,  efq.  to  MHt 
Brydges.  The  rev.  William  Ruch  Hallet 
Churchill,  of  Dorehefter,  to  MiTs  M.  Tur- 
ner, of  Walcott  Farm,  Bath.  Mr.  J.  HiD- 
man,  jun.  of  Chilton,  to  Mifs  £.  Spencer »  of 
this  city. 

At  Wells,  Mr.  Oram,  of  Cbilhanpton, 
Wilts,  to  Mifs  Crofs. 

At  Twerton,  near  Bath,  Mr.  Spencer,  an 
opulent  farmer  of  Newton  St.  Loe,  to  Mils 
Dafter,  of  the  former  place. 

DiiJ,]  At  his  lodgings  in  Bath,  on  tbe 
28th  ult.  the  tev.  Jcffe  Anker.  The  fervatnt 
had  juft  taken  up  his  breakfaft,  and  was 
gone  to  call  the  landlord,  whom  his  mafter 
wiHied  to  fpeak  to  $  but  before  he  had  reached 
the  bottom  of  the  fbairs,  he  heard  the  expk>« 
fion  of  a  piftol,  and  infta^tly  rctatntng  to  the 
room,  found  the  unfortunate  gentleman  wel* 
termg  in  his  blood,  the  ball  having  entered 
the  right  teir.ple.  Mr.  Anker  had  lefided 
feveral  months  in  Bath,  and  was  highly  ef- 
teemed  for  his  affability,  and  frank  and  gene* 
rous  behaviour.  About  18  months  ago  he 
loft  his  lady,  which  circumftance  he  took 
deeply^  heart,  and  has  been  inconfolable 
ever  fince.  The  writer  of  this  article,  who 
has  been  honoured  with  his  acquaintance  ma- 
ny years  can  teftify,  that  he  has  feldom  known 
him  pafs  an  hour  without  bewailmg  his  lady 
with  the  moft  tender  poignancy.  To  diffipate 
the  gloom  which  now  Catled  on  his  mind,  he 
had  recourfe  to  gaming,  and  is  faid  to  have 
loft  confiderable  fums ;  ln>t  not  fu  as  materi- 
ally to  injure  his  fbrtftne,  which  wa«  very 
ample.  That  he  was  not  impelled  to  the 
cofluniffion  of  the  above  rafb  aft  by  pecuni- 
ary diftrefs,  was  fufficieutly  evinced  by  the 
great  amount  of  cafb,  notes,  and  valoable  ef. 
foAs,  which  he  poflefled  at  tbe  dmc  of  hit 
death.  The  coroner^s  jury,  fro*  chefc  con- 
fiderations,  returned  a  verdi^  of  loaacy.— 
Mr.  Anker  was  a  Norwegian  of  a  noble  fa- 
mily. 

At  Bath,  Mr.  Barlow,  late  an  eminent  mer- 
chant in  London.  1  he  hoo.  Wililun  Wilf iam 
Hewitt,  fcconJ  f  m  of  the  late  Vifcount  Lif- 
M^  Ut€  lord  chaoccUoc  ol  IrcUod.    Mn. 

£aft* 


.  DevonJhire.'^Scctland* — Inland,' 


♦77 


Eai!^.  Herbert  Saviryer,  efq.  of  WeUington 
Houfe,  in  this  c  )unty9  and  admiral  of  the 
blue  A^uaUron.  Alfo  Mrs.  Divjs.  '  In  an  ad- 
vanced Age,  Mr.  Poolc.  Mrs,  Harreft.  Mr. 
Chfefcman^ 

At  Shepton  Mallet,  Mr.  ]am«t  Green. 

At  Ye^villy  Siinuel  Daniell,  banker. 

DZVONSHXRX. 

Married.^  At  Plymouth,  Jofeph  Martyr» 
efq.  of  Greenwich,  and  one  of  the  coroners  for 
the  county  of  Kent,  to  Mifs  Cobhamf  d^ingh- 
ter  of  the  Ute  T.  Cobham>  efq.  of  the  Grove, 
near  Plymouth. 

At  Bridgrwater,  Mr.  C.  Trevor,  to  Mils 
Catherinr  We^thercl!,  of  BriftoU. 

At  Uffisulm,  Mr.  Garnfry,  to  Mis  Hurly. 

DledJ]     At  Exeter,  Mr.  Taylor. 

At  Plymouth,  the  rev.  F.  Goodwin,  fellow 
of  Catherine  H.1II,  Cambrid«e. 

At'  Dawllih,  the  right  hon.  Laura,  Lady 
Southampton,  one  of  the  ladies  of  the  bed* 
chamber  to  her  royal  highnefs  the  Princefs 
cf  Wales.  Her  ladyfliip  was  fccond  daughter 
to  the  hon.  Mrs.  Keppel. 

At  Taunton,  in  his  54th  year,  major-gene- 
ral Douglas.  This  officer,  after  ferving  his 
ceuntry  40  years,  fell  avlAIm  to  the  fatal  ef- 
fedsofthe  Weft  India  climate. 

Alfo,  Mr.  Fiflier.  In  his  75th^year,  Mr. 
Henry  Fyfli,  of  Lynn,  in  Norfolk.  " 

WALIS.. 

Died-I  At  Swannfea,  Glamorgan/hire,  at 
the  very  extraordinary  age  of  110  years,  Eft- 
her  Dtfvies.  She  retained  the  full  enjoyment 
of  the  faculties  till  within  a  few  hpors  of  her 
death. 

'  SCOTLAND. 

Died,']  At  King*s  College,  Aberdeen,  Dr. 
J.  Dunbar,  late  profcflbr  of  philofoghy  in  that 
univerAty. 

At  Glafgow,  Mr.  Hay  M'Dowall,  7th  (on 
of  James  M*Oowall,  efq.  lord  provoft  of  that 
city. 

Near  Edinburgh,  in  coafequence  of  a  fall 
from  his'horfe  In  a  fit,  lieut.  colonel  Bygrave, 
of  the  65th  regiment. 

laXLAND. 

D'ttdJ]  The  right  hon.  John  Scott,  carl  of 
Clonmell,  baron  Earlsfoot,  chief  juftice  of  his 
snajctly*s  court  of  King*s-bench,  one  of  his 
jnijcfty^s  privy  council,  and  patentee  clerk  of 
the  picas  of  the  court  of  Exchequer. 

In  Dublin,  Mrs.  Ormiby,  widow  of  William 
Ormiby,  ei<\.  M.  P.  for  Sligo,  in  Ireland,  and 
£fter  of  the  right  hon.  Owen  Wynn. 

In  the  New  Prifoo,  Dublin,  the  hon.  Ed- 
ward Fitzgerald,  commonly  called  Lord  Ed- 
ward Fitzgerald.  This  unfortunate  noble- 
man^s  d:ach  arofe  from  two  pidol  Ihot  wounds, 
which  he  received  in  a  fcuffie  with  two  men 
of  the  name  of  Swan  and  Ryan,  by  whom  he 
-was  apprehended,  in  confequence  of  the  re- 
ward of  a  thoufand  pounds  offered  by  govern- 
ment. The  crime  with  which  he  had  been 
charged  was  bigb  treafin.  In  the  hiftory  of 
this  lamented  and  much  beloved  nobleman, 
a  branch  of  the  iirft  family  in  Irf  laadj  and 


connected,  by  affinity,  with  the  mofi  noble  h^ 
milies  in  England,  we  behold  a  melancholy 
inftance  of  the  infbbility  of  human  happineft. 
He  was  youngeft  brother  to  the  prefent  dake 
of  Leinfter,  and  aephew  to  the  duke  of  Rich- 
mond }  of  his  mother  he  was  the  favourite 
fon ;  and  from  every  branch  of  the  numerout    ^ 
family  to  which  he  belonged  he  experienced 
the  moft  tender  aflfedion.     Having  finiihed 
his  juvenile  ftudies,  it  was  hU  lot  to  arrive 
at  Paris,  in  his  continental  tour,  at  the  com*, 
mencement  of  the  revoWtion.     Smitten  witk 
thofe  ideas  which  the  refurredion  of  a  great 
people  from  the  Oomb  of  defpotifm  ezhibited^ 
he  made  the  caufe  of  France  bit  own,  and 
entering  into  their  feelings  and  fympathiet^ 
he  exulted  in  their  fuccefs,  and  feared  for 
their  dcpref&on.     During  the  progrefs  of  the 
revolution,through  fomeof  its  mofi  interefting 
and  warmefl  ftages,  he  remained  at  Paris, 
and  aiTociated  with  (otmt  of  the  prime  movers. 
It  was  in  this  fchool  of  freedom  and  revolu- 
tion, that  his  lordihip*s  flrong,  fufcepttble^ 
and  warm  mind,  received  that  caft  of  fenti- 
mcnt  which,  during  the  fubfequent  period 
of  his  (hort  life,  influenced  the  tenor  of  his 
conduct     It  was  here  too,  if  we  are  rightly 
informed,  that  he  formed  a  oonoexion  with 
a  lady  nearly  related  to  the' d-devant  duke 
d*Orleans,  whofe  elegance  of  mind  and  man- 
ners, and  whofe  principles  fo  congenial  te 
his  own,  formed  a  fource  of  domeftic  happi- 
nefs  which,  in  fome  degree,  compenfated  for 
his  fuffcrings  in  public  life.    When  his  lord- 
fhip  returned  to  his  native  country,  he  found 
little  in  the  ftate  of  its  people  which  Mvakened 
his  deteftation  of  defpotifm.     In  parliament, 
where  the  advice  and  influence  of  his  brother, 
the  duke  of  Leinfler,  placed  him,  he  waa 
the  bold,  though  feldom  the  eloquent,  oppo- 
nent of  the  miniitsrial  party,  and  uniformly 
fupported  oppofition  in  the  conteft  in  whicn 
they  were  then  engaged  (during  the  admi- 
niftration  of  lord  Weftmoreland)  with  admi- 
niflration,  for  thofe  popular  mcafures,  many 
of  which  the  perfeverance  of  that  body  at  laffc 
extorted,  Cuch  as  the  Place-bill,  Penfion-bill, 
tec.  Sec    Lord  Edward,  indeed,  feldom  fpoke 
in  the  houfe.     He  had  none  of  the  qualities 
which  conftitute  the  orator.     Hii  perfoo  waa 
low ;  his  countenance  expreflive  of  little  elfe 
than  a  fimple,  bold,   and  honrll  heart;  hti 
voice  weak,  and  incapable  of  variety;  hia 
vocabulary  rich  only  in  ftrong  and  unadorned 
expreflioos  of  his  unbounded  love  of  freedom, 
and  hatred  of  every  fpecies  of  public  or  pri- 
vate oppreflion.     Of  the  fimplicity  and  fear- 
lefs  tenor  of  his  parliamentary  conduct,  t 
remarkable,  inflaoce    occurred    during    the 
Weftrooreland  adminiftratlon.     It  waa  on  a 
night  of  debate  in  the  Houfe  of  Commona 
on  one  of  the  popular  queftions.     The  argu- 
ments adduced  in  fupport  of 'the  meafure  were 
anfwered  by  an  oblique  attack  on  the  motivaa 
of  thofe  who  brought  it  forward  ;  it  was  ig- 
unuated  that  the  men  who  agitated  the  pub^ 
lie  mind  with  Xuch  queftiQDSi  did  not  aA  as 

bccaae 


47« 


InUmd^^Uri  Edi$mrd  PkngiraU. 


ktcwmt  gdod  fabjvfti.  lord  Edward,  regsri* 
left  oi  what  is  called  parliamenury  dcoprum, 
which  Tcry  properly  forbids  the  expreflioo  of 
«igr  fentiment  dirrefpe£tful  of  the  fovercign, 
or  hit  repreCeotat'ivc,  began  bis  harangue  in 
thtfe  wprda:  **  Mr.  fpeaker,  I  am  fo  fat 
from  agnicing  with  the  right  hon.  ioember> 
that  I  tWnk  his  excellency  the  laVd-lieuteo 
mat  l«  the  worfl  (Me€t  the  king  has**.^ 
The  honfe  was  immediately  in  an  uproar ;  hb 
V<>rds  were  ordered  to  be  taken  down>  and 
the  gallery  inftantly  cleared ;  three  hoart 
failed  In  debate,  during  which  hit  friends  ufed 
cVcry  endeaVour  to  perfuade  him  to  explain 
•way  or  (often  his  exprcflioo ;  to  which,  at 
Icnf^y  after  a  long  and  obftinate  refulal,  ht 
•greed.  It  was  about  this  time  that  popular 
itfcootcvt  in  Ireland  was  becoming  ferioua. 
The  fockty  of  United  Iriflimen  had  been 
ibcmed,  and  was  fpreading  rapidly  OTer  Ire- 
Und  ;  ihortly  afterwards  it  fell  under  the  dif. 
f  leafure  of  goremment.  What  his  lordihip's 
fioimexions  with  that  fociety  were,  or  whe> 
tbcrlie  was  at  all  connedtcd  with  it  aiter  it 
becanas  illegal  to  be  a  member  of  it,  we  do 
aet  pretend  to  know ;  ftill  left  can  we  pre- 
tend to  iay,  whether  hia  lordihip  was  prompted 
%y  any  acal  fsr  the  intereft  of  his  country- 
,  aieii)  to  enter  into  me^fures  inconfiftent  with 
Jus  allcgtance  to  his  foveretgn ;  it  is  certain 
#n)y,  that  from  that  time  he  became  the  in- 
tfimate  fricn4,  and  almoft  perpetual  companion 
«f  Mr.  O^Conner,  whofe  name  his  enemies 
hivt  hmg  been  in  the  habit  of  calumniating 
^tk  charges  of  treafon.  Information  on 
tatht  it  is  however  faid,  the  government  in 
&c1um1  did  reserve,  that  his  lordfliip  had  com- 
jnittcd  an  ad  of  high  trcafon :  a  reward  of 
loool.  was  lAued  for  apprehending  him,  and, 
JBConfequcace,  be  was  Coon  after  taken  by  the 
twoperfons above-mentioned.  Swan  and  Ryan. 
Whether  tbefe  men  adcd  legally  in  their 
Aiannor  of  arvcftiog  him,  is  a  point  on  which 
fubltc  opinion  muft  at  prcfent  be  fufpended  ; 
lits  lorjdiip  certiioly  reftfted }  they  came  upon 
him  in  bed ;  he  rofe,  feiced  a  dagger,  and  in 
the  icufflc  which  followed,  he  wounded  mor- 
tally, Ryan,  one  of  the  parties,  and  received 
two  piftoi  Ihots,  which,  by  the  verdjfi  of  the 
jury,  (a  vcrdiQ  which  merely  ftated  the  fafts 
which  were  proved  before  them,  without  at- 
tempting to  determine  whether  the  death 
wa«  murder  or  not),  contributed  to  his  death. 
■Alter  being  fecured,  he  was  committed  to 
Newgate  j  where  be  lungoifhed  for  a  few 
^ys,  and  expired.  We  could  detail  the  many 
4nterefting  circnmftanccs  which  occurred  iu 
the  interviews  that  took  pUcc  in  his  lalt 
■dreary  abode,  between  his  lordiliip  and  thofc 
tender  oonncxions  whole  lives  %yere  bopnd  up 
in  hi*.  But  the  human  mind  feels  deeply 
enough  at  the  abllrad  ftory  of  a  noblo  youth, 
furronnded  by  all  the  hanpinefs  which  a  fub- 
iunary  date  can  aiinrd,  finking  at  once  into 
-the  loweil  ftate  of  human  wretchedncffr>*- 
tranfmitted  in  a  moment  from  a  palace  to  a 
^ngcon^— from  the  embmcts  of  a  young  and 
^antif  ul  wife,  to  the  arms  <^  death  in  its  moft 


Mdeons  form  *  It  ia  unncceflary  to  heightet 
the  pi^nre  !  His  chara£ler,  drawn  bj  that 
great  man,  Mr.  Fox,  in  a  fpcech  at  a  meeting 
€f  the  Whi|  club,  a  few  davs  before  his 
melancholy  exit,  is,  perhaps,  thcbtft  which 
can  be  tranfmitted  to  poftrrity.— Ob  Mc. 
Fox's  health  being  4rank,  vnth  tfelervlng 
enthufiafra,  f«  he  rofe,  feemragly  in  much 
agitation,  and  fpoke  in  fo  low  a  tone,  that 
he  wat  but  verj'  fmperfe&ly  heard.  He  faid, 
he  felt  hlmfelf,  at  the  moment,  extremely 
unfit  to  addrefs  an  aiTembly  even  of  his 
friends.  Thg  abiding  fituation  in  which 
n  near  relation  of  his  vras  involved,  (he 
hoped  he  fhould  not  be  confidered  as  unmanly 
in  faying),  afTededhimfo  much,  that  he  was 
unable  to  fay  much  on  every  fubjeflu  The 
unfortunate  gentleman  to  whom  he  alluded, 
was  endeared  to  him,  not  duly  from  the  con- 
nexion of  blood,  but  from  the  warmeft  friend- 
fhip.  Me  had  known  him  from  hii  carliefl 
.youth,  and  more  private  worth  he  never  knew 
to  exill  in  any  man." 

'  Of  the  wounds  which  he  reoeived,  in  ap- 
prehending Lord  Edward  Fitzgerald,  Capt, 
Ryan,  of  the  St,  Sepulchre's  yeomanry,  for- 
merly  called  Surgeon  Ryan,  and  for  foir^e 
years  previous  to  his  death,  aCHng  editor  of 
the  Dublin  Journal .  Of  this  man,  all  that  It 
is  interefting  (o  the  public  to  know  is  fhort. 
The  obfcure  circumlbnces  of  fats  kiitk,  h- 
aiily,  and  education,  -we  have  been  nnahle  to 
learn  |  the  firft  information  procured  of  him  is, 
that  when  he  ceafed  to  be  a  boy,  he  became 
nonne^d  in  fucb  a  manner  with  an  apothe- 
cary, as  gave  a  fort  of  fandion  to  his  fubfe- 
quent  aflumption  df  (he  title  of  Jmj»M  \ 
whether  Mr.  Ryan  entitled  himielf  after- 
wards  to  that  appellation  we  know  not,  but 
it  is  certain  his  fraSke  was  not  confined  to 
furge^.  About  the  year  17S7  he  was  one 
of  the  intimates  «f  the  well  known  John  Gif- 
fard,  formerly  an  apothecary  of  Dublin,  but 
prIntJpally  known  as  a  very  aQIve  and  intel- 
ligent agent  of  adminiih-ation  in  Ireljad,  and 
whofe  real  in  the  fervice  has  been  marked, 
in  the  moft  diftinguiOied  manner,  at  the  pub- 
lic mecthrgs  of  the  metaopolis,  for  fevenl 
years  back.  Shortly  a^erwards,  Mr.  Ryan 
vras  a  note-taker  in  the  IriA  Houfc  of  Lurds, 
while  Mr.  Giflard,  his  patron,  took  care  of 
the  more  important  buixncfs  in  the  Cootmonf . 
For  thefe  fervices,  it  is  underftood,  Mr.  Gif- 
^d  was  paid  by  a  place  in  the  Dublin  cuf^cm- 
iioufe,  worth  600I.  per  annum;  while  he 
fettled  with  Mr.  R.  for  his  fuhontinate  h- 
bours  in  the  common  canfe.  The  Dublin 
Journal  had  now  become  the  advocate  of  go- 
vernment mettfures;  and  thefe  two,  Mr. 
Cilf.u'J  being  the  pifncipal  in  the  Kanage- 
mcnt,  are  fuppofed  to  have  filled,  with  foaoe 
-cafual  aids  from  other  quarters,  its  pigcr. 
If  an  author  then  is  known  by  his  writings, 
the  charader  of  Mr.  Ryan  may  he,  in  fcse 
mcafure,  known  from  the  conplcxipo  of 
that  print.  The  friends  had  now  pafted  foice 
years  in  this  way,  when  the  time  arTi-ved 
that  Mr.  R.  was  to  be  fomeching  more  than  a 

mere 


Notices  of  Dr,  Efmond-^Lord  Mounfjoy. 


•CM  writer;  Mr.  Giffard  Wame  a  militia 
officer,  and  Mr.  R.  fucceeded  htm  as  editor. 
The  chara^r  of  the  print,  now  under  his 
iple  aufpices,  befpoke  ftill  more  ftrongly  the 
charadet  of  Mr.  R*fl  niind.  According  to  fome, 
it  was  condudled  with  zeal  and  iatelUgence  \ 
according  a>  others,  it  wat  marked  hy  the 
moft  deteftable  fcurrility,  and  irrluting  info* 
IcDce.  Little  of  importance  occutted  in  hit 
life  from  that  period,  until  the  embodying 
«f  the  yeomanry,  in  which  he  obtained  a 
command  of  fooae  men,  in  a  remote  part  of 
the  town,  and  until  the  commencement  of 
the  prefent  troubles  in  Ireland,  when  hit 
aeal  became  more  than  ever  confptcuout.  Of 
the  Ctrcumftanccs  of  his  arrefting  Lord  Edward 
Fittgerald,  from  whom  he  met  his  death, 
and  the  melancholy  confequencei  attending 
that  tranfaftion,  the  public  are  fully  in  pof. 
feflion. 

6n  the  14th  of  June,  Dr.  £fmond,'a  lieu- 
tenant of  the  KJldare  yeoman  cavalry,  was 
eaecutcd  on  GarliUc-brtdge,  purfuant  to  the 
fentence  of  a  court-nurtial,  by  whom  he 
wii  found  guilty  of  having  alfifted  the  people 
ia  their  attack  on  Profperous,  a  manufac- 
turing village,  in  the  coanty  of  Kildare. 
Of  the  hidory  of  this  gentleman  the  public 
know  little,  nor  is  there  much  in  It  which 
CAO  inreveft  them.  To  him  life  wat  an  un- 
ruffled ftream,  down  whofe  plaicid  current  be 
glided,  ttiltng  every  fwcet  which  improving 
fortune,  and  incrrafing  frieitds,  fuccefsful 
love,  and  domei^ic  happinefs,  could  offer, 
until  the  political  tempcft  thickened  round 
him,  and  plunged  him  into  ruin !  He  was 
the  younger  brother  of  Sir  Thomas  Efmond, 
the  prefent  iiead  of  a  very  old  family  in  the 
county  of  Wexford,  but  of  which  the  patri- 
mony  had  been  confiderably  diminiihed.  Mr. 
EfiPiood,  however,  though  a  younger  brother, 
was  not  at  any  time  a  diftreflfed  man.  Me  was 
early  apprenticed  to  a  furgeon  of  eminence, 
with  whoni  having  completed  his  appren- 
tice/kip, he  entered  into  bufmefs  for  himfelf. 
His  fan|ily  connexions,  and  an  eafy  elegance 
of  manners,  which  added  confiderably  to  the 
recommendatory  influence  of  a  6nc  pcrfon, 
foon  procured  for  him  a  degree  of  prac- 
tice in  his  profelfion  which  enabled  him  to 
live  in  a  ftyle  of  fomething  more  than  com- 
fort ;  but  he  was  not  long  to  depend  on  h\v 
pn^ce  at  a  furgeon.  A  lady,  pofleflsd  of  a 
pcrfonal  fortune  of  ii,oooI.  and  a  confider- 
able  landed  property,  encouraged  his  ad- 
dfteflet,  and  accepted  his  hand.  With  her  he 
had  now,  for  a  confidereble  time,  enjoyed 
every  comfort,  and  every  pleafure,  which 
fuch  a  connexion  may  be  fuppofed  to  afford, 
when  the  breaking  out  of  the  tnfurre^ion, 
and  the  atuck  on  Profperout,  near  which  he 
lived,  cdUed  him  to  the  commiffion  of  the 
crime  for  which  his  life  hat  been  the  forfeit. 
)t  if  impoi&ble  to  conceive,  but  tlut  Dr.  £f- 
mond*t  firft  tnotiyet  to  engage  in  what  it 
taiied  the  popular  cfuie,  rouft  have  been 
bofKHirable  and  patTk>ticy---but,  mftjuirmrt 

MoMTMLY  Hao.  No.  xitxn* 


479«r 

it  the  wSaknefs,  the  mltfortuac  of  bumt^ 
nature.  How  few  can  afcortaln  the  precfo 
point  at  wHich,  in  the  procefs  of  the  moflf 
laudable  principle  towards  '  iu  cxtrcqify 
virtue  begins  to  be  a  vice,  and  wifdoin  givcB  ' 
place  to  folly,  His  conduA  t%  the  ^hct  of 
execution,  was  that  of  a  man  fteitjher  iafciH 
fible  to  his  ficuatlon,  nor  finking  ^nder  its 
horror }  he  was  toileted,  but  he  appearc4 
to  feel  the  ferioufnefs  of  death.  B^  his  r«» 
jedion  of  the  comfort  derived  from  Clerical 
aflUlaoce  in  the  laft  moments  of  life,  h^ 
feemed  to  dilbelieve  the  efficacy  of  the  mc* 
chanical  appendages  of  devotion. 

Killed,  in  an  aftion  with  the  infurgentt,  ] 
at  Rofs,  on  the  5th  of  June,  Luke,  Baroa 
Moiintjoy,  a  nobleman  whofe  public  condud 
made  no-man  his  enemy,  and  whofe  privatii 
lifie  was  embelliihed  by  every  grace,  which 
>tafte,  learning,  ^and  mtld  mannersj  could  |hrow 
aroood  it.  His  lordlhip  was  not  illuftrious  by 
birth.  His  grandfather  was,  in  the  early  p^ 
of  his  life,  an  hired  domeftic ;  but  the  caprice 
of  fortune  left  him  at  hh  death  in  pofleflidii ' 
of  a  very  confidcrable  fortune ;  which,  by  the 
fuccefsful  exertions  of  hit  fon,  the  Ather  of 
his  lordiliip,  and  an  afliduoot  partisan  6f  the 
Iriih  court,  wat  yet  farther  increafed.  Hit 
lordfliip  having  fucceeded  to  the  pofleffion  of 
property  thus  prepared  for  him  by  the  good 
fortune  and  induftry  of  his  two  anceftors,  and 
having  finiihed  his  collegiate  ftudiei  at  Cam- 
bridge, was  eleAed  a  reprefentative  in  parlia- 
ment for  the  county  of  Dublin,  which  he  con* 
tinned  to  reprefcnt,  until  he  was  called  to  the 
'  Houfe  of  Peers,  In  no  part  of  his  parlia- 
mentary career,  did  hs  affeft  the  charader  of 
a  sealoBi  patriot ;  and  yet,  in  fomc  occafioni , 
he  exerttd  himfelf,  on  the  popular  fide,  with 
seal  and  ability.  Of  ^hefb  intermittent  efforts 
for  the  people,  the  rooft  fplendid  was  that 
which  his  IorJ(hip  made  to  obtain  a  fyftem  01 
protecting  duties  tor  the  manufactures  of  Ire- 
land.  Since  the  opening  of  Irifli  commerce,  ' 
in  the  year  1779,  this  meafure  had  become 
a  great  favourite  of  the  public ;  it  had  been 
found,  that  the  mere  privilege  of  exporting 
their  manufactures  could  be  of  little  real  ufc, 
while  the  fuperior  /kill,  indudry,  and  capital, 
of  Great  Britain,  enabled  hfr  co  un'derfcl  the  ' 
Irifii  in  their  own  market ;  it  vvas  therefoie 
defired  that  parliament  (hould  impofc  fuch 
duties  on  the  importation  of  Brltidi  manu« 
fadures,  particularly  woollens,  as  fliould  eoon- 
teraCt  the  fuperior  advantages  which  (he  en- 
joyed over  the  Iriih  manufadurer.  By  thefe^ 
it  was  faid,  Ireland  would  be  able  to  iland  a 
competition  with  the  manufiOurer  of  Orejc 
Briain,  and  ulti'ntrely  avail  herfelf  of  her 
many  natural,  advantages  which,  withottt 
that  protefiion,  muft  for  ever  remain  >irelefs. 
—Mr.  Gardiner  was  of  this  opinion;  and 
after  the  queition  had  long  been  agitated,  in- 
deed influenced  the  public  mind,  he  pnopofed  to 
the  houfe  of  commoot  a  motion  declar.itory 
of  the  neceflity  of  fuch  a  fji\cm  of  dutiet. 
In  the  fpecch  by  which  he  prefaced  his  mo« 
3  2  moridtt, 


4gd  Monthly  Report  of  the  St^to.of  Commira. 

tlMi»  he  41fplmd  4  deep  and  therou|h  ec«  her  he  bad  font  chHdieB.    Charley  bora  k 

^iuifitancc  wita  the  principles  of  commerccy  i7Si»  who  fuccccds  his  Lordfl^p^  aad  chrce 

mA  a  great  deal  of  tiut  learning  which  the  daughten,  the  eldeft  of  whom  was  recently 

nlad  of  a  tnan  of  bufioefv  would  only  feck  married  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Fowlcr»  ibo  of  the 

im  io  the  hiftory  of  manufadtares.     The  mo-  Archbiihoo  of  Dublin.     It'  was  by  his  can- 

tipAy  after  a  very  long  debate,  was  loft  j  nor  nexion  with  this  lady,  that  MK  G.  was  cu- 

bJM  it  fioce  been  revived,  unlefs  the  ccle-  bledtocftabliihacUiin  tocheMouiitxoyefbte. 

htated  commercial  propofitions  of  Mi.  Ord,  tfl  This  led  the  way  to  his  fubfequcac  applica- 

thevear  17S5,  may  be  confidered  as  indnd-  tion  for  the  title,  which,  had  long  lam  dor- 

iag  ft.     Previoui  Co  this  time,  Mr.  Gardiner  mant.     The  application  wae  favourably  re. 

had  masTtcd  the  eldeft  of  the  three  celebrated  ceived,  and  io  17S9  he  was  created  Biron 

•  MUt  MoDtgpmeries,  daughter^  of  Sir  Wm.  Mouncjoy.  But  connubial  happinefs  ia  not  im- 

Montgomery,     of  Macbie    Hill.      By   cliis  mortal;  this  beloved  wife  his  JLord(hip  was 

Arriage»  if  he  did  not  greatly  enlarge  his  doomed  to  lofc.  He  bore  the  luCi  like  alover, 

Ibrtone,  he  fecured.  a  very  wide  and  ufeful  but  alfo  like  a  man.    The  wound  was  deep 

extent  of  fiunily  connexion,  the  other  two  which  tliis  calamity  Inflided,  butnotincnra* 

fiften  of  his  wife  beting,  (hortly  married,  the  ble,  for  in  the  year  1795*  hi*  Loidihip,  after 

«ac  to  the  Right  Hon.  Mr.  Bertsford,  firft  a  long  period  of  wooing,    efpoufed  a  Mh 

COmmifioner  of  the  Irifli  revenue,  a  man  of  Wallace,  who  had  been  bred  to  the  occupa- 

well  knows  and  powerful  Intcreft ;  the  other  tion  of  amiliner.    The  public  aiie  in  poiTef- 

tD  the  pcciexit  lliarquis  of  Townfend.    This  fion  of  the  train  of   public  evenu  which 

UAja  vkflfe  peribnal  and  mental  accompUih-  brought  on  the  catraftopbe  of  his  death,  at 

ments  were  of  the  moft  extraordinary  and  the  hiad  of  the  Dublin  militiay  of  which  he 

captivating  \doAy  Mr.  GaidiiMr  idolised.    By  was  colonel. 


Ripori  oftbe  prefimt  State  of  Commerce^  Manufa£iures^  (ifc. 

(To  ht  cmiitmtd  mmtbfy.) 
tT  being  intended  to  give,  in  the  fucceeding  mu&betaf  a  monthly  report  of  the  ftate  of 

the  c«nmercc  and  manufactures  of  the  country,  it  may  not  be  improper  to  Introduce  it 
hy  a  general  view  of  the  extent  and  nature  of  our  foreign  trade. 

The  commerce  of  Great  Britain,  and  its  colonies,  at  prefent  employs  about  x^yooo  'vcC- 
Icls,  the  navigation  of  which  requires  near  izo,ooo  feamen;  of  this  niunber  of  veffcia, 
.about  xo,ooo  anmially  arrive  in,  and  as  many  clear  out  from,  the  dift'eiest  poets  of 
Ingland  end  Scotland.  Some  idea  may  be  formed  of  the  immenfe  value  of  our  commcne 
^m  the  cttftom*houfe  accounts  of  the  exfortt  snd  trnforts^  by  which  the  total  of  the  ex- 
ports of  Great-Britain  for  one  yeafj  ending  5tli  January  1796,  amount  to  27,270,000  L 
aad  of  the  imports  to  21,360,000!. :  it  i3  well  known  that  thefe  accounu  are  fonned  ac- 
cording  to  ratee  efbbUihed  a  century  ago,  and  which  muft,  therefore,  in  many  infta&ccs, 
give  the  value  of  the  articles  at  a  very  different  rate  from  their  prefent  price,  and  in  gene- 
ral much  below  it,  confequently  the  extent  of  our  foreign  trade  would  appear  much  greater, 
if  a  real  valuation  of  the  different  articles  could  be  obtained. 

The  great  increafe  which  has  appeared  in  our  exports  and  imports  fioce  the  commence- 
ment of  the  war,  obviottfly  arifes,  principally, "from  the  fituation  of  other  powers ;  the  co> 
lonial  trade  in  particular,  of  France  and  Holland,  was  very  great,  a  confiderable  part  e( 
which  muft  at  prefent  be  in  the  hands  of  the  Engliih  merchaou ;  although,  whenever  a 
peace  is  concluded,  it  may  poilihly,  in  a  great  meafure,  revert  to  iu  former  channels.  The 
Incrcafed  expenditure  of  government  alfo  contributes,  in  many  inftances,  to  caufe  the  ap- 
pearance of  an  increafe  of  trade,  as  eftimated  from  the  cuftom-houfe  accounts  ^  and  if  the 
late  increafe  has  not,  in  fome  degree,  arifen  from  this  caufe,  it  is  a  very  fingulat  circuHi- 
ftaocc  that  it  (bould  not  have  produced  a  greater  increafe  in  the  revenue  of  the  cuftoms. 

The  value  of  goads  imported  by  the  East  Imdia  com?  ant,  amounts  to  about  one- 
fourth  of  the  toul  of  our  imports  $  their  exports  cunfift  chiefly  of  woollen-cloths,  metals, 
and  naval  and  military  ftores  $  on  the  fale  of  the  woollens  they  generally  experience  a  iQi% 
aotwithftanding  which,  the  export  is  continued  regularly,  as  without  this  article  thcy 
would  be  obliged  to  carry  out  a  greater  quantity  of  bullion,  or  to  fubftitute  fome  other  au- 
Dufa^Ore,  which  certainly  could  not  be  done  with  equal  advantage  to  this  country. 

The  capital  employed  in  the  Wsst  India  txapx  is  eftimated  at  70,ocD,oocl.  $  the 
value  of  goods  exported  from  Great  Britain  and  her  dependencies,  including  die  profit  ot 
freight  on  the  feveral  branches  of  fupply,  infurance,  get.  3,800,000 1. 1  the  imports  from 
thence  into  great  Britain  and  Ireland,  and  other  ports,  the  ^ofits  of  which  center  in  Great 
Britain,  7,200,000!. ;  the  duties  paid  to  government  z,8oOfOOol.}  the  ihip^iag  employed 
dired  150,000  tons. 

TheMxDiTziaAVXAN  TXADt,  in  time  of  peace,  li  very  Talaahle i  butof  iiteouny 
of  the  principal  articles  come  by  way  of  Hamburgh. 

The  Baltic,  tr  aoX|  confifting  of  more  bulky  Jirtkl«|»  employs  a  mncli  greater  num- 
ber of  ihipping  ^  and  the  value  of  the  imperii  ^^a^NllbBnci,  yftob  »e  chieJly  aiticlcs  of 
the  greateft  importance  to  our  manufaifto.ie:,  and  for  the  luMJvf  ff  theiiavi»  is  ff'yrtr^ 
-ifds  of  3,oo«,oool. 


$Me  of  Commerce^  ManufaSunty  £sV.  4.8* 

Of  the  Amebic  AN  trads,  which  formerly  was  wholly  cn^roiTcd  by  ih«s  country,  and 
vhich,  fince  that  period,  has  been  rapidly  increaiingv  ^^  e  flill  reutn  about  one  ha£f  j^  and 
ihouU-the  difpute  with  France  continue,  it  will  probably  dirow  a  greatci*  proportion  into 
oar  hands,  if  a  more  6iv'ourableibte  of  trade  in  America  (hould  render  it  advifeable  for  our 
merchants  to  extend  their  engagements  with  .a  people  who  pay  little  or  no  regard  to  puAC- 
Cuality  of  reniitunces. 

The  prefent  ftate  of  our  tkads  with  Portugal,  upon  the  whole,  may  be  confidercd 
as  floarlihing ;  the  increaling  commercial  confequence  of  BraziJ,  annually  demands  laiger 
fupplies  oi  Woollens  and  oflier  articles  of  Britifti  mapufaftirrc — a  confidcrable  intercourfe 
with  Spain,  is  ftow  carrird  on  through  the  medium  of  Portugal.— Yet  it  mud  be  acknow- 
ledged, that  within  thefc  two-laft  years,  the  importation  of  wine  from  Portugal  and  Lif- 
boa,  has  decreafed,  owing  to  the  impolitic  and  exorbitant  duties  recently  laid  on  that  article 
by  the  Britifli  roiniiler.  Creat  Britain  exports  to  Portugal  and  her  colonies,  to  •  large 
amount  in  woollens,  hofiery,  hardware,  coals,  iron,  tin,  &c.  Ireland  fupplies  her  with 
raft  quantities  of  provifions  and  butter,  and  linen.  From  our  colony  of  Newfoundland  is 
exported  to  Portugal,  a  large  fupply  of  bacalas,  or  falted  cod-filh.  That  kingdom  l^akes 
large  returns  to  Great 'B;-itain  and  Ireland,  in  wines  ^  fruit,  dry  and  moift ;  olive  oil,  fait, 
&c.— ^ith  fugar,  hides,  drug;,  gold,  and  other  produ&ions  of  her  rich  and  cxtenfive 
colony  of  Brasil. 

Trk  traoz  or  Irklakd,  till  within  the  laft  twenty  years,  was  fhackled  with  the 
snoft  unjuft  rcftri£tions,  for  the  purpofe  of  favouring  the  commerce  of  this  country.^  Prior 
to  the  year  1779,  ^"^"^^^  ^f^^^s  almoft  the  only  manufa^ure  exported  in  any  confiderable  quan- 
tity from  that  country ;  the  others  were  either  in  a  low  ftate  from  the  general  poverty  of 
the  country,  or  the  exportation  of  the  article  was  prohibited  by  law.  The  removal  of  the 
impolitic  reftraints,  under  which  the  commerce  «f  Ireland  laboured,  called  forth  the  ex- 
crti4|ns  of  the  mannfafhirer  and  merchant,  and  the  event  has  fufliciently  ihcwn,  thatthough 
freedom  of  commerce  cannot  create  capiul  and  induftry,  it  materially  tends  to  promote  both.'  * 
The  linen  mani^fad-ure  has  made  a  gradual  progrefs  in  proportion  to  the  growing  wealth  and 
population  of  the  country;  the  check  and  fail-cloth  branches  have,  however,  greatly  de- 
cayed fince  the  increafe  of  the  manufadure  of  thefe  articles  in  Great  Britain.  WTcw  (frapery^ 
compared  with  its  ftate  previous  to  the  war,  is  declining ;  in  i?q2,  near  400,000  yaxxia 
were  exported ;  in  the  laft  year,  not  more  tl^n  100,000.  Of  old-drapery,  the  quantity 
made  within  the  laft  year  has  equalled  that  produced  in  any  year  iince  the' export  trade,  was 
permitted.  The  manufactures  of  filk,  cotton,  and  hofiery,  have  become  of  little  import- 
aixe.  Tanning,  in  confequence  of  the  duties  impofed,  and  the  high  price  of  bark,  has 
been  almoft  annihilated,  and  a  great  number  of  the  tan-yards  are  broken  up.  The  glals 
xnaoa£kltti«,  both  of  bottle  and  the  white  kind,  continues  to  ftourith,  particularly  the 
crown  glafs  branch  J  it  ii  feared,  however,  that  the  recent  glafs  duty  will  tend  to  embar- 
raft  aoddifcourage  the  trade.  Paper-making  is  much  decayed:  The  prefent  ftate  of  Ireland, 
which  muft  have  much  interrupted  the  manufactures  in  many  diftridts,  has  had  little  efie^ 
upon  their  export  trade  \  the  ;rrnv-4ls  from  thcribe  at  London,  Liverpool,  and  other  partSy 
in  the  courfe  of  the  prefent  month,  have  been  numerous  \  the  cargoes  chiefly  linen"  cloth^ 
falted  provkions,  and  grain. 

One  of  the  principal  commercial  occurrences  of  the  month,  has  been  the  unfuccefsful 
termination  of  the  attempt  oi  the  (hip-owners,  to  remove  the  great  refponlibiiity  they  at; 
prefent  lie  under :  the  bill,  after  pafting  the  commor'^  was  loft  in  the  houfe  of  lords. 

From  the  account  or  the  late  tea  fale,  at  the  India  huufe,  low  greens  appear  to  have  fallen 
about  6d.  per  lb.  the  prices  of  the  other  teaj,  nor  with  ftanding  the  new  duty  of  five  per 
cent,  took  place  at  this  fale,  'have  not  ad;vanccJ,  and  a  fall  may  be  expected  in  the  Septem- 
ber falc,  from  the  quantity  now  in  the  market. 

Safari  are  at  a  higher  price  than  for  feveral  years  paft.  Raw  fugairs  fell  from  84s.  to  II28. 
Brown  lumps,  from  115-..  to  118s.  Middle  ditto,  119s.  to  122s.  Fine  ditto,  114s.  to  laSs. 
Single  loaves.  12^.  to  134s.  Ground  I'ugars  are  from  S 65.  to  ills.  A  fall  of  raw  fugart 
nuy  be  looked  for,  from  the  expected  arrivtils.  The  average  price,  on  the  20th  of  June) 
was  7XS.  6d.  exclulive  of  duty. 

Oifftt  continues  high,  middling,  from7l.  5s.*to7l.  9s,  fine,  from  7I.  159.  107!.  17s. 
or Afaiuh^er  goods,  the  quantity  manufacture*!  of  late,  has  been  froaller  thanaifualj  the 
demand  for  the  K>reign  trade  ha^  confiderably  Aiminiihcd,  on  account  of  the  flock  of  thofe 
gu>da  on  hand  at  Hamburgh,  and  the  curtailed  orders  for  the  fairs  at  Frankfort  and  Leiplic  t 
the  home  trade,  however,  has  been  tolerably  briik.  The  market  is  at  prefent  overftocked 
with  muftim  of  the  Manchefter  fabric ;  but  the  manufa£lure  of  thofe  of  Glafgow  and  PaiQey 
iua  been  better  accommodated  to  the  confumption. 

Irj/b  &mettt  are  becoming  exceedingly  fcarce,  in  confequence  of  the  ftagnation  of  the  ma-  . 
nufa6tures  in  that  country  $  Ruflias  are  alio  very  I'carce  al  prefent. 

For  tvtfi'Coutttry  woUietu  there  is  little  demand,  except  for  blues,  fcarlcts,  tnfl  ether  mi- 
litary colours :  the  market  hat  been  {9  overftcuked  w.th  kerfeymercs,  that  they  are  fold 
c«ai}d<rably  below  the  maavfii^red  coft.' 

3fta  The 


,4H%  C^mnurcial  and  jfgricttltural.  Report. 

The  Ctventrjy  or^nbhM'tr^it^  hat  been  reduced  to  a  ftatc  of  moch  le&  importeiice  thn  a 
few  years  fince,  fr<)m  the  two  principal  markets  of  France  and  HolLiiid  being  (Httti  and  the 
American  trade  Ijeisg  in  a  ftatcof  mach.infecurity  j  the  prevaillog  faihloiu  at  home  have 
ilfo,  in  a  great  meafu re,  excluded  ribbons  a^  an  article  of  female  decoration. 

The  price  o(  tbrnvuJH  U  at  prcfcnt  declining «  and  probably  will  concintie  fo,  frow  the    » 
.  exportation  to  IrclanJ  and  America  being  at  prct'cnt  fufpendcd.     RarvJUk  continues  much  the 
fame  in  price  as  for  fjme  time  paft^  Italian  raw,  from  j^s.  to  34s    fgtibmbrony  about  391. 
China,  from  144.  6d.  to  15s. 

The  price  of  stocks  has,  during  the  month,  continued  nearly  ftationarj;  and  very 
Itttle  bufinefs  has  lately  been  tranfa^ed.  Ab  the  bank  haste  agreed  to  moke  the  payments 
due  upon  the  loun,  fmall  quantities  of  ftock  are  biought  to  market.  '  Bank  flock,  on  the  25th 
laft  month,  was  at  iiS';  and  was  on  the  26th  June  at  ii8|.  5  fer  Cent  Annmiia  flint  for  . 
the  dividend  on  the  6th  June,  at  76.  4  f>*f'  ant  conj'oU,  were,  on  the  zyth  Uft  month  at 
6o|,  and  have  fincc  rifen  to  6i(,  at  which  price  they  continue.  3  per  cmt  anfo!t.-(t^n%  tor 
the  dividend  on  25th  May,  at  fi^p  and  will  not  open  till  the  xoch  Anguft,  mi  account  ot 
going  into  new  ledgers. 

N.  B.  In  the  frcficittion  oftUt  pUtn^  wt  fia/I  U  happi  to  avtit  0Hrfekm  cf,  rtfpeSeiU  commu- 
mcathns  on  tbtjuhjeff,  efpecially  when  confined  toj'uSlt  inJuative  oftU  real  fate  <f  amy  hramsh  of 
traJe^  Us  erteritf  value^  advance^  or  dicl'me*  Tbh  firji  paper  it  rather  geaerai  and  mtrqdaffmj^ 
than  a  correS  fpecimen  of  the  ujeful  pra&ical  msde  m  wb^b  tie  article  may  In  fiaure  be  condaStdr 

MONTHLY  ACRICUI^TURAL  REPORT. 
TH  the  fouthero  diftrt^  of  the  kingdom  the  weather  h^  ftill  continued  favourable  to| 

the  procefs  of  vegetation^  and  for  che  various  purpofcs  of  praAical  hntbaoory  ;  -bcit  our 
accounts  from  the  northern  parts  of  England  are  not,  by  any  means,  fo' flattering.  In 
many  places  the  fe.tfon  has  been  fo  droughcy  as  to  render  the  hay-crops  fiight ;  and  the 
corn-crops  have  not  altogethcrpaflcd  without  injury.  Our  correfpondent,airoobferves,  that,  in 
Wales,  peas,  oats,  and  barley  are  almofl  burnt  up  ^ith  the  long  continuance  01  dry  vreathsr  ; 
and  I  have,  fays  he,  Ceen  foroe  pieces  of  wheat  which,  in^addicUui  to  the  ihortnefs  of  t^c 
ftraw,  are  almoft  as  feer  at  the  roots  as  old  ftubble  after  the  harve(V.  The  rain  which  hat 
been  flying  about  thefe  three  or  four  days,  in  fome  degree'  revives  our  liope^  j  but  much 
injury  is  already  done.  In  tin:  diftri£ts  of  Scotland,  particularly  the  (ou^eni,.it  does  not 
ieem  to  have  operated  in  an  ei^ually  unfavourable  manner :  our  reporter  fpeaks  of  crops  be- 
ing extremely  forward.  On  his  own  farm  he  mentions  having  feventy  Engliih  acres  of 
wheat  now  in  the  far  j  and  thtt  wintcr-fown  wheats  arc  in  general  fhot  out.  The  harveft 
promifes  to  be  general  in  thofe  p-rt^  at  ax\  early  period,  perhaps  fo  (bon  as  the  firft  or  fccond 
week  in  Auguft.  Crop^  have,  inJccU,  here  luAcred  little,  ex^spt  on  poor  thin  clay,  o^ 
gravelly  foils.  The  crops  dL  i^ovcr  and  ryc-gr^fs  In  thefe  pai^  arc  tolerably* good,  though 
by  no  means  heavy.  , 

For  the  preparation  of  turnip-ground»  the  fcul'an  }n\  every  where  been  uncommonly  fine  j 
and  the  fhowers  that  have  lately  fallen  in  many  dlrtrifts,  h|ivc  been  very  fuitablc  ibr  the 
fowing  and  fproutiog  of  the  feed,  a  large  portion  ot  which  would  othenvilc  have  been  loft 

Our  communications  refpedling  frujt  from  fome  countipi  ate  flattering  j  hut,  in  ^W'alcrj 
and  the  neighbouring  diftricts,  we  .ne  informed  that  there  is  a  gv*ncral  difappointm^rt. 
••Peas,  indeed,**  fays  the  reporter,  **  will  be  plentiful  in  thi*  parti  ^^^  the  aprlcs,  not- 
withftandtng  the  long  continuance  or  favourable  appearances,  alm'oft  entirely  fail,  ^'c 
have  been  vifited  by  a  great  b^sht,  even^aficr  the  time  "when  every-  thing  is  generally 
deemed  fecure.  In  this  part  of  the  country,  indeed,  there  hardly  ever  fails  to  be  fomethickg 
efacrop;  but  in  Hcretbrdfhire  there  are  noric.  TMs  cit'cumilance  has  produced  a  gVc^ 
rife  in  the  price  of  cyder.  Good  ramily  cyder  fcIU,  ac  Hereford,  as  high  as  S  guincA*,  and 
the  befl  at  xo  or  xi  guineas  per  ho^ihead  '.'f  1  xo  rfalJona." 

The  blight  of  fruit,  we  are  inclined  to  believe,  has  been  pretty  general  througbwut  the 
kingdom. 

The  prices  of  grain  have  not  varied  very  much  finte  our  laft. 

The  average  price  of  wheat,  thrdugiioul  England  and  Wales,  is  50s.  9d.— ^f  BAnx-<Tf 
29s.  3d.— Of  OATS,  2 IS.  lod. 

1 1  luma  parts  the  price  of  cattle  has  lowered,  in  co*rcquence  of  the  drynefs  of  the^egtfon. 
—Bier",  averaged  in  SmiehfielJ  on  the  a5th,  from  3s.  4d.  to  4s.  tile  ftone  of  Sib.— 
MuTTfN,  from  3s.  to  3s.  6d.— Veal^  from  4s.  to  5s.  2d.— Poax,  from  as.  ^d.  to  3%. — 
And  LAMB,  from  3s.  6d.  to  4?.  SJ.     The  number  of  bza9ts  in  the  market  wera  i9o<>— 

•f  SHEEF   IZOOO-^hd  LAMBS  ICQC. 

Ho rs.— Although  the  profpedl  of  the  growing  crop  of  h^ps  is  lefs  favourable  (han  a 
week  ago',  the  duty  being  now  bid  at  60  inficad  of  65,000!.  the  market'  it  4u]1^  and 
prices  lower,  probably,  froaa  their  being  prcvloufly  puihed  up  too  high,  or  the  quantity  on 
hand  being  confiderably  greater  than  at  any  former  period  at  tlttt  ^on  of  the  year,— 
P*ck:ti  61,  td  gl.-t«  %\.  »s.-.Bag$  6L  6t.  to  7!-  W«.  '^ 


SUPPLEMENTARY    NUMBER 

TO      THE 

MONTHLY  MAGAZINE. 


No.  XXXIII.] 


July  15,  1798. 


[Vol.  V. 


Half-yearly  Retrospect  of  Do- 
mestic Literature. 
SINCE  oar  laft  retrofpea  of  letters,  a 
great  variety  of  works  ha^  coint  be- 
fore the  public— n&0/,  fur,  fus,  atquefacer- 
dos\  the  inafs  of  ephemeral  matter,  in-, 
deed,  as  ufual,  is  motley  and  unmeaning, 
but  with  pleafurc  we  have  remarked,  that 
many  of  the  publications  of  the  laft  (ix 
months  are  diftingaiflied  by  recondite 
learning,  fome  by  laborious  argument,* 
and  others  by  taHe  and  Verfatility  of  ge- 
nius. We  ihall  offer  as  fair  an  eftimate 
as  we  can  of  their  rcfpeftive  merits. 

HISTORY. 

A  Very  important  period  of  more  than 
forty  years  of  the  hiftory  of  England, 
has  lately  been  illuftrated,  by  a  gentleman 
well-known  and  refpefted  in  the  literary 
world,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Coxb,  in  His  <«  Me- 
moirs of  tb£  L^e  and  Admtf^ftraticn  of  Sir 
Robert  ffaifiole,  Earl  of  Orfordr  This 
work  confiAs  of  three  very  bulky  quaito 
volumes ;  the  firft  of  which  embraces  that 
ponion  which  will  be  moft  generally  in- 
terefting,  namely,  the  <  Memoirs  ;*  the 
two  latter  being  chiefly  devoted  to  origi- 
nal corrcfp<)ndencc,  to  notes,  authentic 
documents, 'and  ftate  papers.  Mr.  CoxE 
p^flelFed  the  moit  ample  (burces  of  inform- 
ation relative  to  the  period,  of  which  he 
is  the  hiftorian,  and  fuch  as  are  open  to 
very  few }  if>  therefore,  he  be  found  im- 
partial in  narrating  tranfa6lions,  his 
claim  tx>  authenticity  ftands  high.  Sir 
Robert  Walpole  has  been  almoft  univer- 
fally  reprobated  for  introducing-  corrup- 
tion,  as  afyfiem^  into  the  varipus  depart- 
ments of  admiaiftration  :  when  fecretary 
at  war»  it  is  well  known,  that  he  was 
accufed  of  breach  of  truft  and  corruption, 
was  expelled  the  houfe  of  commons,  and 
committed  to  the  tower.  His  biographer 
attempts  to  jiiftify  hiin  from  this  dif* 
gracetul  charge,  but  bis  fuccefs,  in  our 
opinion,  is  very  uneqnal  to  his  zeal :  the 
bare  unfupported  .exertions  of  Walpole, 
arc  not  to  be  received  in  proof  of  his  in* 
nocence.  In  honour  to^  Mr.  Coxl,  how- 
ever,  and  in  order  to  anticipate  any  hiScj . 
charge  of  partiality  which  maybe  brought 
igainil  hun,  we  rejoice  tp  ftate,  that; 
with  every  honeft  man,  he  ceofuras,  with 
Svpp.  Monthly  Mao*  No,  X|:xxa. 


becoming^  feverity,  the  conduft  of  Wal* 
pole,  as  a  fyflcmatic  and-  unprincipled 
oppofitionift,  after  the  difmilFal  of  the  , 
Towufticnd  adminiftration.  Wemuft  en- 
ter our  complete  and  unqualified  prof  eft 
againft  Mr.  Coxe's  op^.nion  on  the  lubjc^t 
of  the  Septennial  bill,  which  he  confiders 
as  •*  the  bulwark  of  our  civil  and  reli- 
gious liberties,''  but  which  we  repaid  as 
an  a6l  of  uforpation,  to  the  deplorable 
fuccefs  of  which,  thepeople  may  attribute 
every  fubfequent  invauon  of  their  freaiom. 
Thefe  volumes  of  Mr.  Coxe  throw  ccn- 
fiderable  light  on  the  charafter  of  Lord 
BoHngbroke,  whofe  "  Letters  and  Corre^ 
f^ndence.  Public  and  Prrvafe,  during  the 
^me  be  'was  Secretary  of  State  to  ^en 
Anne,"**  have  Intcly  been  publifhcd  by' 
Mr.  Gilbert  Parke,  ot  Oxford.  A' 
fund  of  political  intelligence  is  contained' 
in  thefe  volumes,  which  are  of  unqtie-* 
ftionable  authenticity,  thematerials  havidg 
been  obtained  by  the  editor  frdnfi  a  living* 
defcendant  of  Thomas  Hare,  Efq.^the 
under  fecretary  of  Bolingbroke,  whole- 
cured  the  pages  of  his  lordihip  on  his  dif- 
miffion  from  office.  An  intercftfag  ^*Htf' 
iorf'  has  been  \vrittcn  "  of  the  Reign  of 
Shah  Aulumy  the  prefmt  Emperor  of  him- 
dojlaun,^*  by  a  gentleman  well-known  for 
his  acquaintance  with  Afiatic  literature, 
Captain  William  Francklin',  in  the 
ferviccof  theiSaft  India  company.  Captain 
F.  was  one  of  the  fii:ft  pupils  of  that  il- 
luftrious  charsifter.  Sir  William  Jones, 
and  one  of  the  honourable  few  who  ap- 
proved themfelves  worthy  of  fvich  an  in- 
ftiuflor  5  at  an  early  period  of  life  he* 
undertook  a  journey  into  Pcrfix,  and  re- 
fidcd  fome  time  at  Slui*az,  a  j^ace  ren- 
dered clailicai  from  the  circuniftance  of 
having  given  birth  to  the  poet  Hafez: 
the  ftudy  of  oriental  languages  here  em- 
ployed our  author's  attention  j  and  on  his 
rctuiTi  to  Bengal,  he  publilhed  hisTour  to 
•Perfia.  The  prefcnt  hiftory  contains  an 
account  of  the  tranfaflions  of  the  court  of 
Delhi  and  the  neighbouring  ftates,  during 
a  period  of  thirty-fix  years ;  in  the  ap- 
pend^, among  other  interefting  matter^' 
IS  given  a  narrative  of  the  late  revolatioa 
atKampore;  and  the  ortffinal  letter,  at 
well  as  a  timkhttion  of  i\,  froitrthe  Prince 
}  R  Mirsa, 


484^  i&A^-ytfrjy  RitroJ^S  if  bomiJKc  tihrMure. 


Mim,  cUkft  (bo  of  the  king  of  Deft  t«  to 
his   pirfent   majefty  of  Great   Brieam, 
written  in  the  yt^  1785.    Arelaticaiy 
the  moil  pathetic  aiKl  tnftniaive,  of  the 
Ibfioiiigs  of  Shah  Auluro^Concludea  this 
vadttablc  hiftory  1   the  cye»  of  the  unfor- 
tunate  king  of  Delhi  *wcre  extmitd^  (to 
vie  an  exprrflion  of  Dr.  Johnfon's,  on  » 
fJMilar  occafion  *)>  by  the  barbarout  or-^ 
der  of  Gholanm  Candtr,   whofe  inbu-' 
ipaBity  was  aftenvards  retorted  on  htm 
by  Schiadiahy  with  ctrcumftances  of  ag- 
graratcd  cruelty.  The  whole  of  this  a^ 
nixing  tak  is  related  in  a  manner  which 
does  honour  to  the  feelings  of  Captain 
Francklin.  Perhaps  we  cannot  airange 
more  propexly  than  in  the  clais  of  hif- 
torical  works,  Sir  Richard  Ci.ayton*s 
tranflation  of  Mr.  Tenhove's  "  Mtwnvrs 
9ftbe  Houfe  §f  MeSa^  Jrm  iu  Origw  to 
iti  death  rf  frtmeejcn^  theftcond^  GrMd 
Duh  rf  lycanj.^*    Every  one  who  has 
read  Mr.  Rofcoe's  life  of  Lorenzo,  will 
xvmember  the  very  handfome  compliment 
there  paid  to  the  tafte  and  abilities  of 
1^.  Tenhove :    fpeaking  of  the  prefent 
work  and  its  author,  Mr.  Rofcoe  fays, 
««  the  fertility  of  his  genius,  and  the  ex- 
trAt  of  his  iniormation,  have  enabled  him 
to  interfperfe  his  narrative  with  a  variety 
•f  interciting  digrcflions  and  brilliant  ob- 
iervations:    and  the  moft  engaging  work 
that  perhaps  ever  a|^pe«ired,  on  a  fubjed 
fl^  literary  hiftory,  is  written  by  a  native 
•f  one  country,  in  the  language  of  an- 
Mher,  on  the  affairs  of  a  third.f"    The 
whole  of  his  ddign,    Mr.  Tenhove  did 
sot  live  to  complete  i  his  work  was  writ- 
ten at  various  times>  and  primed  piece- 
.meal,  as    it    was  compolcd.     Mr.'T. 
*.*  committed  to  the  flames  all  the  copies 
•f  thete  memoirs,  excepting  thofe  which 
ht  had  diftributtd  to  his  particular  friends 
in  feparate  partt»  ^  they  came  from  the' 
piefs/"     From  one  of  ihofe  few  printed 
copies,  this  tranflation  took  its  rile  t  and 
though)  from  the  circumilance  of  its  in- 
compWtion,  it  abounds  with  abrupt  di- 
greibon,  and  the  thain  of  hiftorical  nar- 
ration is  often  braken ;  it  is  a  work  of 
much  value ;   it  contalm  almoft  an  hif- 
torv  of  (he  ri fie  and  rtiga  of  the  fine  arts,, 
Ri^manyinterelUng  awcdotes  are  inter- 
woven ot  palntersy  fcuiptors^  tngravei-s, 
architect,  Sec,  Sec.    Sir  Richard's  tranf- 
lation i«  Ipirited  and  eaiV  ;    his  notes  and 
obfcrvations  difplay  conudcrable  learning, 
and  much  good  ■  fenfe.     The  lafi  work  of 

J  -  -      '  I  -r 

*     *  i>ee  his  note  At  the  coticlufion  of  king  Lear, 
-f  Mr.  Tenhove  was  a  DutcHiBS^j  viA  hiS 
memoii*  arc  wrictch  ia  Fre&ch. 


an  hiftorical  natufj^y  which  hat  ( 
der  our  obfervation  it,  a  fmall  oAavo  vo- 
lume, of  coniiderable  coriofity,  by  Ge- 
neral VaLl^ncv}  it  isentiliedy  **7h 
Ancieni  fSftoty  rflrdamd  fnvid  fnmthe 
Sanfcrii  books  of  iht  Bratmrns  of  USa^ 
Tliefe  venerable  fages  are  #ell  knows  to 
have  taken  an  unlimited  range  in  their  to- 
pographical and  hiftorieal  r3earclies.$  ^«e 
learn,  from  the  prrient  publication,  that, 
in  one  of  the  ancient  Puranas,  the  facred 
volumes  of  the  Hindus,  a  particdlar  de- 
fcription  has  been  found  of  the  Britifh 
iAesl  The  paifage  in  qucAion,  is  given 
in  the  original  Sanfcrit  charafler,  and  is 
employed  by  the  General  to  corroborau 
fome  aflTcrtions  and  conjeftures,  which  he 
hazarded  many  years  ago  in  his  Vindica- 
tion of  the  H iftory  of  Ireland. 

finance. 
At  ft  work  of  great  merit  and  import- 
ance, .we  cannot  avoid  mcntioiiing  fSot 
Earl  of  Lauderdale^s  *^  Letter  oh  the 
trefint  Meeijure  of  fuumee-^^  but  «s  its 
direA  application  is  to  a  period  now  paft, 
wt  forbear  to  enlajge  on  its  contents  \  na 
man,  of  common  lenie  and  obfervation, 
will  qu^ion  for  a  moment  theeompletioii 
of  the  noble  earrs  portentous  prophecy, 
that  the  minif^^s  eftimate  for  the  preTeat 
year,  1798,  will  fall  far  Ihort  of  his  et- 
travagant  expenditure.  The  *'  propofrl 
for  liquidating  ^.66,664,666}  dF  the 
three  per  cents,  by  convertiag  the  Isnd- 
tax  into  a  permanent  annuity,**  has  mrt 
with  that  attention  by  both  houfes  of  par- 
liament, which  every  plan  to  raife  money 
is  fure  to  be  honoured  with  \  a  random 
equalisation,  however,  of  the  old  land- 
tax,  would  obvioufly  be  an  iniquitDus 
meaiiire :  A  and  B  own  two  eftates,  each 
fubjefl  to  a  land-tax^  the  former  of  four 
ihillings,  the  latter  of  four-pence  in  the 
pound.  B  fells  his  efbte  to  C,  who  pur* 
chafes  at  a  high  price,  tnmfsly  on  con- 
fideration  of  the  lownefs  of^tKe  land-tax « 
what  could  exceed  the  tnj^fttce  of  raifiag 
C*s  land-tax  to  equal  that  of  D,  who 
purchaled  the  efbte  of  A  ftt  an  inferior 
value,  becaufe  it  w«a  buitlened  with  a 
heavy  onef  In  .sn  octavo  volume,  is 
brought  down  to  the  5th  of  Jan.  1797, 
«  The  State  of  the  Nathn  tdth  Re^a  to  tfi 
Public  Fmded  Debt,  Rentemie,  D^Je- 
mentt^^  &c.  See,  hom  which  i^  appears, 
that  the  debt  aanally  contra8cd  Mt  that 
time,  was  594,oooyOOol !  Smew  that  timei 
it  has  increaftd  witJi  an  incRlculable,  hut 
noft  cralnouo  celerity  t    . 

-   ■■  Malufri,  ^  )wn  oKud  veiatiMi  uJM^i 
MtbUitatt  tngtt,  vireffve  ac^it  «»/>. 


Half-yearly  Retrofpe^  of  Dcmejlic  Literature* 


485 


It  will  uot  be  very  difficult  to  account 
for  the  zealous  loyalty  of  many  of  us, 
I     after  being  informed,  that  the  expcnce  of 
coiiccUng  fonie  taxes,  amounts  to  almofl 
49 1.  percent,  of  the  taxes  themfclvcs! 
From  an  enoneous  pofition,  namely,  that 
a  progreflive  increafe  of  the  precious  nic^ 
tals  iii  a  ftate  is  the  caufeoi  progreflive  cir- 
[      cuiation,  progrt*  flive  induftry,  and  progrcf- 
j      ilve  public  profpmty,  M.  Hcrrenfchwand, 
in  a  pimphlct  on  **  *lhe  true  aSiuathig  Pr'm- 
cipU  of  Political  Economy  y""  Sec.  has  drawn, 
with  all  the  pompous  parade  of  the  moll 
profound  fyilogiitic  realbning,  a  long  and 
tirclbme  chain  of  economical  and  nnan- 
cial  blundem.     Mr.  Dawfon'sA"  SuhjH- 
tute  for  the  AJfeJfment  Bill,""  S  to  iflue 
20,000,000 1.  of  Exchequer  bills,  bearing 
an  intereft  of  one  per  cent,  fir  annum^  un- 
der authority  of  parlijunent,  and  to  make 
thevi  legal  tender.     The  afft  flment  b  11 1  has 
long  fincc  pafTed ;  but  as  every  fentencc 
for  enriching  the  revenue  is  heard  with 
an  attentive  ear,  however  partial  be  its 
principle  and   operation,  but  little  fur- 
prize  would  be  excited,  if  this  iniquitous 
fubjlitnte  for  tlie  aflclTment  bill  were  con- 
verted into  an  appendix  to  t.     An  ano- 
nymous author  has  publiflied  "  A  jhiv 
Hints    totvards   an    tmpjyyved   Syflcm  cf 
Taxallon,*"  Sec. :  they  have  but  little  no- 
velty to  recommend  them,  though  their 
objefl  is  undoubtedly  laudable,  namely, 
to  burden  all  perfons  with  a  taxation  pro- 
portionate to  their  property,  without  any 
kind  of  inveftigation  or  dilclofure  of  cir- 
cuinftances.    '  Thefe  hints,  antecedent  to 
their  publication,  were  fent  in  a  private 
letter  to  Mr.  Pitt,  but  the  haughty  pre- 
mier condcfcended  not  to  notice   them. 
A  ftockholder  has  fubrpitted  to  the  con- 
lideration  of  the  public  *<  Ihree  Flnn^fcr 
p^j'n^.ff  ike  Naticnil  Dek,  end  a  Fourth 
J9f  raijiK^  Mo.uy  fuiguicnt  to  briog  i-bou!  fo 
f'-fiyble  i:n  End:""  ihefc   plans    deu^^nd 
•iitldciit  periods  of  opcraMuu   to  ici.dcr 
tbern  cificient,  and  all  act  up^n  one  com- 
mon principle,  nanieiy,  the  convediou  of 
ail  itock  into  fhort  annuities,  and  I'kv  pay- 
ment of  the  cjiplfil  by  an  ad<lif;uiV  l^  the 
i'ltercft.     T1:j  adopticn  of  any  of  tli^.e 
plans   would  obvioiiily  require  an  e:icr- 
iiicui   i.-.cicalc  of  taxation  j    our  author 
propolc^  either  a  tax  upou   IncoMje,  ov, 
^vhat  is  the  fame  thinsr,  a  cQi'.ti;v..ition 
ot  the  new  alC:irment5.r   In  paU.r.^'  noia 
linancc  to 

POLITICAL    ECONOMY 
iti  2;cnc-r.i],  our  attention   is  dirj£^~!   to 
t';>;  i«.vcivJ,  thirJ,  fourth,  hith,  anu  fixth 


dition  of  the  Poor;"''  all  of  which  have  been 
jiublifhed  fina?  our  laft  retroij)cc\,  and 
will  merit  the  confideration  of  tie  public. 
Thefe  reports  contain  a  variety  of  plaiisf 
pradlicuUy  proved,  to  increale  the  comfortr 
of  our  feilow-creature!»  in  diftrefs  :  among 
other  things,  the  clftblifhment  of  parifh 
windmills,  the  profits  of  which,  after  the 
dedu£lion  of  neccirai*y  cxpenccs,  arc  dif- 
tributed  am«ng  the  poor  j  of  village 
fliops,  for  fupplying  them  with  coals, 
blankets,  candles,  foap,  and  efculent  com- 
modities, at  prime  coft,  are  particularly 
recommended.  The  name  ol  Lord  Win* 
CHELSEA  ftands  honourably  eminent 4 
the  rates  in  his  three  parifhes  amount  td 
fcarcely  fixpence  in  the  pound  !  this  is 
effefted  by  letting  to  the  indulVriout 
poor  fmall  portions  of  land,  on  which, 
they  may  keep  a  cow  all  the  year  round, 
or  which  they  may  cultivate-  in  any 
manner  they  think  proper.  Were  th6 
conviuiSl  of  Lord  Winch  else  a  uni*. 
verfally  imitated  by  the  nobility  and 
large  land-holders  of  this  kingdom,  we 
need  feel  no  anxiety  on  the  fubjecl  of 
foreign  invafian  or  domcftic  inluiTccJ- 
tion :  t>ur  foldiers  might  be  difbaiuled, 
and  the  defence  of  the  nation  be  coih- 
fided,  with  perfe6l  fecurity,  to  the  mafs 
•f  a  hardy  and  a  happy  people.  Y^r» 
Gray,  (on  whom  the  univerhty  of  St* 
Andrew's  conferred  the  honorary  degree 
of  LL.  D.  immediately  on  tb^i  publi- 
cation of  his  <*  Effential  Prin:iples  of  the 
Wealth  of  NctiLUi,""  Sec.)  l.as  given  to 
us  **  A  Fhfi  J  or  fuppfy:ng  London  ivitb 
Bread  at  one  u/: [tor jr.  Frice  from  cnr  1  'car 
to  another. ^"  He  propofes  the  cftablifti- 
ment  of  grinaries  for  corn,  and  na- 
turally exprelTes  a  furprife  that  tea,  t<5- , 
baccc,  fugar.  Sec.  Sec.  fhould  be  de- 
jclited  in  large  and  compiod-ous  ware- 
hoi.fes,  while  com,  the  molt  Cilential 
arti'-le  of  fubfiflcnce,  is  lodged  in  little, 
unknown  burns,  and  fo  Icattcred  over 
the  country,  as  to  hid  ealculation  defi- 
ance as  to  its  quantity,  and  conje^lure  fts 
to  the  placi  s  of  its  mol^  abundant  de- 
pcht.  Dr.  Gray's  ohic<fl  is,  by  means 
oi"  a  tciupcrary  preinitin  trrm  paijia- 
Ujv.'it,  on  an  ext'\ac::-f:'::rn'  growth  of 
torn,  to  obtain  a  furplus  adequate  to 
the  ronuimption  ai  one  whole  year. 
Th's  !:e  thi!iJ^s  may  be  cfTi^ed  in  the 
rpac^  of  eiL^hr  years  j  -,Ind  when  it  is 
c\r\)\  d,  tlirr  liock  in  hand  will  make 
t))e  ^.bui-jdance  of  cr»e  l-.irvcik  fupply  the 
ddici^ncv  cf  anoth-r.  VV'e  ihiil  ihcn'bc 
no  Icngr'V;  a*;  we  are  now,  at  the  metcy 
of  a,  ^apiui-vis  iVal^iu  tsjT  our  daily 
3  K  2  'i-    htcwii 


486 


Half-yearly  Retrcfpen  of  D&meflic  LiferaturL 


breads  a  circtimftance  whichf  at  it  can 
eaiily  be  aroided,  argues  in  the  people 
who  ruhmit  to  tt«  inconvenience  a  ilegree 
of  folly  equal  to  the  favage,  whofc  ex- 
perience w  intenfe  heat  to-day  renders 
lim  forgetful  of  the  bkter  cold  which 
may  fucceed  to-morrow.  "  ^ke  Outlines 
rfa  Plan  for  fftabiijbing  a  uni:  eti  Company 
ff  Britijb  Manufa/fitrersy"^  are  (kctchcd 
by  Mr.  James  Peacock,  whofe  bene- 
volent objc£l  1%,  16  far  as  the  manufac- 
tures are  concerned,  to  form  a  company 
which  ihall  fupply  the  induftrious  with 
labouTy  and  the  ignorant  with  inftruc- 
tlon.  Mr.  Arthur  Young — ^not  ibe 
Ri'Vf  Mr,  Arthur  Toung — has  called 
the  attention  of  the  public  to  a  circum- 
ftancet  not  very  creditable  to  the  con- 
gregated followers  of  the  meek  and  un- 
fUTuning  Jefut.  This  circumftance  is 
the  want  of  accoromodatioi)  in  our 
churches  for  thoie  foer  lAforJbippers  to 
whom  the  gofpel  was,  at  one  time,  more 
peculiarly  preached.  "  A  ftranger," 
iays  Mr.  Y.  "  would  think  that  our 
churches  were  built,  as  indeed  they  are. 
Only  for  the  rich."  Thele  latter  mo- 
nopoliae  the  pews,  while  the  poor,  lame, 
perhaps  blind,  old,  or  feeble,  are  dif- 
gracetully  crowded  in  the  aifles,  where 
many  of  them  muA  ftand  during  the 
whole  of  divine  fervice!  But  the  afpi- 
rations  of  an  humble  and  an  hearty  fup- 
pliant  are  not  intercepted  in  tlieii  paf- 
fage  to  the  throne  of  Omnlpatence  by 
the  prayers  of  any  prouder  worshipper. 
Mr.  Waddington,  a  governor  of  the 
coyal  hofpital  of  Bridewell,  has  offered 
to  the  attention  of  his  brethren  fome 
*«  ConfiJeratkni  on  the  original  and  proper 
Obje£ls"^  of  the  Inftitution.  The  abo- 
lition of  «r<i-utM/7^j  and  apprentices  nvitb- 
in  the  tvaUs  is  prefled  with  peculiar  ear- 
iieftpftfs.  Mr,  W.  expofes  the  evil  con- 
fequences  which  have  refulttd  from  the 
introdu6lion  of  them,  by  referring  to 
•numerous  entries  in  the  court  and  com- 
IBittee  bookfif  the  pag^a  of  which  are 
Ailed  with  complaints  agninft  both:  he 
bas,  moreover,  fuggefted  a  variety  of 
Other  regulations  for  the  better  govem- 
ment  of  the  hoipttal,  wjilch  are  hiriily 
entitled  to  puhlic  confideration.  Mr. 
Morton  Pitt's  **  Addrefs  to  the  landed 
Jmterefi  wn  the  Deficiency  of  Hahitations  and 
Fuel  far  the  Ufe  9f  tie  Poor,"*  contains 
many  feniible  and  benevolent  obferva- 
fionti  It  propofes  the  conftru£iion  of 
coRvcnieiit  cottages  for  labourers,  and 
fhe  proviiion  of  fuel  for  them  at  an  eaiy 
'fatc»  that  they  may  b^  allowed  to  culti- 


vate a  fmall  garden,  and  poflefs  fiflicient 
pa  (lure  for  a  cow.     May  thefe  reconi- 
nlendations,   which  we  make  no  dcmbt 
Mr.  Pitt  has  enforced  by  example  in  his 
own  cale,  be  generally  attended  to!  The 
EngliHi  planter  will  receive  many  ufeful 
hints  from  a  fmall  volume  publifbcd  by 
Dr.  Laborie,  under  the  title  ot  "  T^e 
Coffee-Planter  cf  St,  Domit^o^'  &c.  The 
cultivation  of  the  coffee- tree  has  attained 
great  perfe^ion  in  that  itland:  it  i!>  an 
exotic,  which  has  not  been  introduced 
there  above  fixty  years,  and  which  now 
yields  an  annual  produce  of  above  fcfcnty 
millions  of  poimds.  Dr.  L aborie's  pub- 
lication'is   Intended   for  the  beneiit  of 
fuch  colonies  as  are  yet  in  their  ini'ancy 
with  refjxr^l  to  the  cultivation  of  this 
rich  article  of  commerce  ^  it  explains,  in 
a   perfpicuous  and   methodical  manner, 
the  moll    fucceftful   modes   of  culture. 
Dr.   L.  when    he  treats    of  the   Aares, 
fpeaks  of  them  rather  as  bcafts  than  hu- 
man beings :    as  ••  the  partiadan,*"  he 
obferves,   of  difcipltne  and   punilhff'tTit 
would  be  too  difgufting,"  the  dc^loris 
prudently  conclfe  on  that  head;  and  in 
mercy    to   our    feelings — morbidly  itn- 
fiblel — contents    himfelf   with  inJinah 
mentioning,  or  rather  muttering,  fome- 
thing  about   collars,    and   chains,   and 
whips  whofc  knots  have   been  dyed  in 
the  Dlood  of  former  victims  from  amcnr 
this  black  cattle.     It  would  be  unjuft  fo 
omit  mentioning,  that  the  do6lor,  K'^. 
on  the  fcore  of  benevolence  and  interrtl, 
recommends    goovl    treatment    to  flav;>, 
hcrfes,  mules,  and  oxen. 

On  the  fubjeft  of  Political  Ecor.rrT, 
thus  diftinguifhed,  though  perhaps  vo- 
neceflarily,  from  Finance,  we  are  r.ct  a- 
ware  that  any  work  of  merit  remain*  fo 
be  enumeratea  ;  we  proceed,  therefore,  ic 
that  tender  topic 

politics. 

This  department,  as  ufual,  contiiT^^ 
var^us  works  of  very  diiFtxent,  real.  5-,: 
comj^vU^. t ive  import ance  f  the  greater  p i ' 
arc  of  only  temporary  confequcnce;  (<• 
thefe,  therefore,  we  Ihall  k\tR  only  A'c r. 
as,  from  their  intrinfic  worth  or  icc  - 
dmtal  circumftances,  have  in  fome  de- 
gree attrafted  the  public  notice.  Th? 
Biihop  of  LaSoaff's  "  Addrtfs  tt  /^ 
Peoffii  9f  Great  Britain,''  deftrvcdly  ftan.s 
at  the  head  of  thofe  fplendid  but  mn:- 
tory  meteors  that  are  c(»tinually  fmcp- 
ing  acrofs  the  varying  horizon  of  polit  '^  ^ 
the  ftyle  is  mafterly  and  Uimiafed  ;  ar , 
fo  far  as  it  tends  to  excite  our  counu-. 
fticn  to  a  fii-flu  and  united  oppoHcion  ot  .v 

hs:-..: 


Haf^yearlj  RetrcfptH  ofD^meJIU  Liuratur^. 


487 


hoftile  ateemptt  agtuift  our  own  Aoref > 
in  author  dcferves  weli  of  the  public. 
We  muft  be  aHowed>  however*  to  diflent 
from  the  right  reverend  prelate,  with  re- 
fpe6l  to  the  validity  of  fome  of  the  argu- 
nientt  that  he  makes  ufe  of;  from  the 
elevation  to  which  his  ecciefiaf^ical  dig- 
nity and  his  private  fortune  raifes  him, 
he  is,  in  our  opinion,  very  liable  to  mif- 
take  concerning  the  effects  of  an  addreft 
to  the  lower  orders  of  fociety  j  the  in- 


lent.  The  author  of  «<  An  Afptal  to  tU 
Head  and  Heart  of  en^ety  Man  andWo^ 
man  in  GreM  Britain,*'  very  gravely  at- 
tributes the  fine  weather  on  the  day  of 
his  Majefty^s  late  proceflion  to  St.  Paurt 
to  a  particular  interpofition  of  the  Al* 
mighty,  arifing  from  his  approbation  of 
the  feftival  1  In  the  perufal  of  his  (illy 
pamphlet,  few  readers,  after  Aich  a  fpe- 
cimen,  will  be  difappointed. 
.  On  the  intcrefting  lubjefV  of  invafion. 


conveniences  and  peculiar  hardships  of    one  of  the  beft,  becaufe  the  moft  tem 


whofe  fituation  he  can-  know  only  from 
philofophical  reafoning  and  very  curfory 
obfervation.  The  popularity  of  this 
work,  at  lesft,  among  the  higher  and 
the  reading  claiTes,  to  whom  indeed  the 
reafbnings  are  moft  applicable,  call- 
td  forth  a  daring  pamphlet  of  Mr. 
Wakefield's,  intitlctl, «  A  Reply  tofome 
Parts  rftbe  Bijbop  of  Landaff's  Addrefs ;" 
in  ftyle  this  is  fuperior  to  moft  of  Mr. 
W.'s  former  works ;  there  are,  however, 
in  it  paflages  fo  liable  to  be  mifinter- 
preted,  that  vre  (hould  have  pronounced 
It  a  very  impinident  work,  even  if  the 
King's  attorney  general  had  not  thought 
proper,  by  a  profecution  of  its  pulJifhers, 
to  fupprefs  the  circulation.  Stri^lures 
upon  Mr.  Wakefield  had  been  pre- 
▼iouAy  pttbliftied  by  Mr.  Hanby,  in  his 
*<  Examination  of  Mr.  }Vakefield'i  Reply;' 
&€.  ancWby  the  anonymous  author  of 
*'  a  Letter  to  the  Inhabitants  of  Great  Bri- 
fain,  occafionedhy  Mr,  Wakefield's  Reply."" 
The  Bifhop  of  Laadaff's  addrefs  has  alfo 
been  commented  upon  by  Mr.  KiNOS- 
BuaY  and  Mr.  Hinckley;  but  the 
)>ublic  notice,  in  this  controverfy,  has 
been  but  very  little  diverted  from  the  two 
principals  to  the  athit  on  either  iide. 

Mr.  Mowbray,  in  his  "  Remarks  on 
the  ConduB  of  Opfofition  during  the  pre- 
fint  ParBament;''  branches  into  a  variety 
cf  collateral  fubje^ls :  his  alTertion,  "  that 
every  partial  alteration  which  has  taken 
place  in  particular  boroughs  (fmce  the 
revolution),   has   contributed  to  extend 


perate  publication  that  has  come  under 
our  notice  is,  **  An  Addrefs  to  the  People 
of  Great  Britain ;'  by  Geo.  Bvkges, 
B.  A.  The  miniftry,  whether  prudently 
or  impradentiy,  has,  "  moft  unequivocal- 
ly, committed tht  nation ;"  and  it  being  too 
late  to  recal  the  confequences  of  our  fol- 
lies or  our  crimes,  tt  only  now  remains 
to  guard  againft  them  in  the  beft  manner 
that  we  can.  But  though  Mr.  Burgbs 
recommend  s//i/«^»r^  for  the  preient,  yet 
he  thinks  that  a  «  radieJ;"  that  is,  a 
**  gradual,  peaceable,  and  deliberate  re- 
form,"' cannot  long  be  delayed :  and 
through  his  mildnefs  and  love  of  peace 
he  indulges,  in  our  opinion,  the  ill- 
founded  expe£lat!on  of  the  probability  of 
removing  the  radical  corruptions  and  in- 
bred diieafes  or  the  body  politic,  by  a 
iimple  appeal  to  the  reafon  and  juftice  of 
that  rapacious  tyrant  Human  nature. 

*'  French  Invafton;"  See,  is  a  cc  Mc6lion 
of  addreflcs  on  the  pait  of  the  executive 
direftory  of  France  :    the  objc6l  of  the 
work  is  to  manifeft  the  real  intention  of 
France  to  invade  us,  and  of  coiirfe  to « 
prepare  us  for  the  event.  Invafion !  it  is 
A  woman's  ftory  at  a  winter's  firo, 
AuthorizM  by  her  granJame. 

Mr.  Hughes'  "  RefleSIioas  on  the  Pp. 
Vtiics  of  Frame  and  England  at  the  Clofe 
of  the  Ttar  1797,''  arc  jejune  and  puerile : 
the  pompofity  of  his  language  in  very  In- 
competent to  conceal  the  poverty  of  his 
thinking.     But  evL-ry  man  muft  think ; 


s  it  is  not  very  wonderfiil,  therefore,  that 
the  privilege  of  voting  more  widely,'' we  a  commiflary  general,  Havilano  le 
hclitate  not  in  pronouncing  to  be  noto-  Mesurier,  efquire,  ftiould,  in  theri 
rJouHy  falfe.  A  confiderable  portion  of  turbulent  times,  have  his  head  full  of 
this  pamphlet  is  taken  up  in  commenting    «  Thoughu  on  a  French  Inv^Jionr   This 


on  the  affairs  of  Ireland :  the  (ituation  of 
rhdt  country  imposes  filence  on  us.  A 
fc  '.V  pamphlets  have  been  written  in  de- 
fence of,  and  in  oppolition  to,  the  mea- 
fuj  es  of  government ;  but  the  fubje^^  is 
now  become  too  delicate  for  any  hafty 
r.iaciom  obiervations,  and  it  is  incon- 
fiftent  with  our  plan  to  be  diifufe  ;  it  is 
pntdcnty  thereforei  that  we  fhouid  be  ii- 


ingenious  ^ntlcman,  as  would  of  courfc 
be  expelled,  is  moft  outrageoufly  loyal } 
an(l  as  to  the  aroma,  the  eflential  oil  of 
fucb  fweet-fcented  odorifcious  loyalty  is 
his,  we  all  know,  ^ 

It  ia  of  a  nature  fo  fubtle. 

That  unlefs  it  be  luted  with  care. 
The  odour  will  fly,  tho'  the  bottle 
Aod  its  fpirit  impres^nate  the  air  f 

Of 


488 


Half-yearly  Retrofpc£i  of  Donuftlc  Literature 


Of  fuch  gei^uiM  and  exalted  genius  it 
Mr.  CommifTary  Le  Mesurier,  that, 
in  feveral  inftances,  he  hasipurncd  with 
becoming  indignity  at  the  rules  of 
grammar,  and  nas  frequently  deviated 
from  the  dry  and  Yulgar  preclfion  of 
hiftorical  truth,  with  a  ipint  of  manly 
and  laudable  Independence.  Lord  Auck- 
land is  the  reputed  author  of  a  pam- 
phlet in  two  parts,  intitltd,  *•  Ccnfuiera- 
iions  upon  the  State  of  public  Affairs  at  the 
Beginning  of  the  Tear  1798/'  The  ftyle 
is  a  ranting  imitation  of  Mr.  Burke's 

•  philippics  againft  France  :  what  reliance 
IS  to  be  placed  on  the  conjecture  or  the 
aifeitions  of  a  waiter,  who  has  the  ridi- 
6«i!ous  hardihood  to  fay,  that  <*  the  French 
aie,  and  have  been  ever  fince  the  revolu- 
tion, poltroons  and  daftards?"'  What 
babies  rouft  have  been  the  innimuiable 
legions  whom  they  have  difcomfitted  I 
whom  thele  poltroons  and  daftards  have 

■  humbled  to  the  very  duft  ?  A  duodecimo 
iquib  of  three  and  twenty  pages,  called 

*<*  Unite  or  FaUy^  is  faid  to  be  the  p*o- 
du<5lion  of  the  Earl  of  Carlisle  ;  but 
we  give  not  eafy  ciredit  to  luchllanderous 
rcpoits  :  it  is  iicarcely  poflible  that  his 
lordlhip,  an  intelligent  it:itei'nlan,  ihould 
have  committed  hiniidf  ib  raflily  as  to 
write  fuch  a  flimfy  and  unlaboured  pii'm- 
phlet.  From  thele  bagatelles,  we  turn 
to  a  work  of  more  celebrity.  M.  Dv- 
MOURIEZ,  "  Table  Specuhtif  de  11  Eu- 
rope,"* has  been  tranllited  into  Eng- 
lilh.  The  general,  in  this  fpccuUtive 
view  of  Europe,  evirtces  confi  lerable  ta- 
lents and  extenfive  inruimation:  in  dif- 
ferent chapters,  the  politic;^  fituation  is 
confidered  ofAurtria,  Pruflia,  tl\e  Ger- 
jiYM)  empire,  S^^vitTurLnil,  Italy,  Tuikcy, 
RiifTia,  Sweden,  Denmark,  and  Fnijiand. 
The  proje^l  of  invading  this  lil.md,  Du- 
MOUR-iEZ  thinks,  is  not  to  be  rtc^i'ided 
as  chimericgl  ;  and,  in  order  **-not  to 
conquen,  but  to  force  France  to  return 
to  its  conUltulional  principle,""  a  new . 
coalition,  he  lays,  011  oht  to  be  rVi.r^cd 
by  all  the  powers  cl  Europe.  "  'V\\\^ 
confederacy  fnould  annui  cv^-i*r  ifi"r..;  that 
has  been  aciiltved  at  Rjjiiult  \  it  ihr-uid 
nblclutely  oppofe  llie'  delce;  t  on  1  ni;- 
land,eiu;ir  by  at-lnr.l  in^'Tpcfi-. •»'!;,  or  by 
war:  it  fiicnid  irupoll- on  'Jk-  l":.i-;^!>rnt 
])0',vtrs  a  rigorous  unillice,  ?.v.X  att:;ck 
the  pait\-  tliat  reij:ei,  compliance'."  The 
tranilntujn  h.^*  i;ppca2".d  ot  a  ictltr  fVoni 
the  oii^rin.i>  ot"  M.  T-'aVI-HT  du  P\  v,. 
di'icd  *.r;oh»;  -rs  of  Swi- /ci  !■;•!;:,  M:ic'i 
20,  1  79S/  i:'v\iv^  "  A  j*::)t  A  ziiut  oj  tic 
hrjci&?n  cf  I  hat  Cou*/trj/'  It  is  wiit- 
tcn  \cry  intemperately  j  but,  wiih  Mal- 


let DU  Pan^s  feelings,  interoperasce 
is  iomewhat  excuiiible.  We  were  not 
more  fui  priled  that  private  letters  from 
one  individual  to  another,  found  oa 
board  a  prize  (hip,  Ihould  be  publiihed, 
apparently  by  authority,  than  that  the 
fentiments  of  thofe  letters  (hould  be  made 
ground  of  accufation  againft  the  periba 
to  whom  they  wene  written,  and  againll 
all  thofe  whofe  uam^s  were  caiually  in- 
ti-oduced  by  the  writer.  The  pamphlet 
entitled  "  .Copies  of  Letters^  recently  ixtii- 
ten  by  Mr,  Stone  at  Paris y  to  Dr.  Pricjiuy 
in  America,  taken  on  board  d  neutral  ^vef- 

ftly''  has,  however,  in  its  illibei'al  and  in- 
flammatory preface,  afcribed  all  the  fen- 
timents ot  Mr.  Stone  to  Dr.  Priest- 
ley, and  not  onl)  to  Dr.  P.  but  to  all 
his  friends,  and  to  the  friends  of  rcfona 
generally  in  Great  Britain!  It  woyld 
be  an  idle  wafte  of  paper  to  add  any  re- 
marks on  fuch  a  pofition,  Mr.  Sto.nes 
fentiments  at  Paris,  neither  Dr.  Priest- 
ley in  America,  nor  the  friends  cf  peace 
and  refoim  here,  had  it  in  their  power  to 
controul  \  and  arguing  from  tl  e  known 
benevolence  of  Dr..  Priestley's  cha- 
rafter,  we  believe  he  will  never  rejoice 
that  the  calamiti«s  of  a  revolution  ihoulu 
befal  his  native  country,  becaule  hi:iaii- 
vice  to  reform  the  abufes  ot  its  civil 
and  ecclefiafiical  ellabliihments  wa^  no: 
followed.       Mr.      GiFFORD,     a    gm- 

.  tleman  of  fome  notoriety,  has  trani- 
lated  Camille  Jordan's  "  AdJrtf.^  u 

,  his  Conjhiurnts  on  the  Rei'o/fttion  of  the  4/ 
of  Scptff filler,  1797,"  with  the  additiiflti 
a  PieTace  and  Notes.  Camille  Jor- 
dan, it  is  Very  well  known,  was.  ore  ct 
thofe  unfortunate  n^embers  of  llxc  ktii- 

-lative  hcdy  wiio  were  denounced  avcos- 
fpira tors  for  the  re^eilabliUiment  of  rcr- 
alty,  and  baniAicd  from  tlieir  couL'iy. 
The  prefcnt  adcircfs  is  written  in  an  a;ii- 
matcd  lhoi'/;a  declamatory  (fyle.  The 
tracilatiou  ib  ir^oll  likely  taitlifu],  ai  <•  L^ 
executed  \v':i\\  conhdciable  ipiri*^.  ''  •■ 
GiF,rORD  hi:.'  aiib  publil^.ed,  M  A j..-:>t 
AtLir/.:  to  th>'  hUnhcrs  of  ibc  P.cMil  /S:- 
cutU'^ns  on  tic  pycjcnt  Slate  of  Af.-^r.: 
He  adliL.s,  that  he  has  received  hun 
Fiar^cc  tliive  liki;<jf  pei  fons  who  are  u- 
he  cI'.cIlii  as  dircJois  tur  Kligiand,  tci.r 
laiui,  •j.iid  iivi:'.;id  :  tl:e  nanics  of  ih--* 
peri'jns  aic  p\d.lillud  ut  full  ).  r.^th.  \^  * 
make  no  ohurvauo^is  on  tl::s  circ-..u> 
ftance,  becvijic  wc  underltaiid  that  oi:>' 
of  the  peiicijs  no:ni!iau\l  (tf.c  Esrl  it 
L.'.uni:T>J5.-.Lk:)  has  openly  deciarLri  L*. 
ir.teniion  ot  cocnnenciiig  a  proicCJti- *: 
;.^ain:t  i\ir.  GiFFOKD  ior  a  libv;i.    *'  V.t 


Hti^-ytarlj  Ritnjpeii  rf  Domeftic  Literaivn. 


48» 


tnffUm  as  H  Jhoi  w  March  179  V  is  « 
pamphlet  attr ibfited  to  Mr.  Francis  :  it 
iias  obtainjBd  from  the  fublic  a  merited 
approbation  for  the  perfpiaiit^  of  its 
ftyje,  the  acuteDsfs  of  its  rtafoning,  and 
the  accuracy  of  its  ftatements.  A  great 
deal  of  (bundy  good  fcnfe,  expreflcd  in 
cafy,  intelligible  and  unomamentecl  lan- 
guage, is  to  be  found  in  a  fmalf  publi- 
catIon>  which  we  eameftly  recommend  to 
general  pemfal,  intitled  **  Peace  in  our 
rower  upon  *terms  not  VnreafonabU^^'*  by 
(!harles  BARiNCtEfq.  Mr.  Lister*s 
"  Offofitton  Dangerousy^  was  written 
when  die  ghoft  of  invafian  frightencjd 
us ;  it  very  properly  recommended  us  to 
forget  all  petty  political  difputet,  and 
heaitily  unite  to  lay  it.  Of  a  limilar  na- 
ture is  «  An  Addrefs  to  the  People  of  Great 
Britahy**  by  Mr.  George  Buroes. 
"  Aferious  Addrep"  alfo  has  been  fub- 
initted  «« to  the  People  of  Great  Britain^*" 
by  James  Johnson^  Efq.  a  gentleman 
of  minifterial  politics,  who  warmly  repro- 
bates the  ungenerous  artifice  which  many 
friends  of  government  adopt,  of  blending 
and  confounding  the  two  diftinfl  and 
often  oppofite  charaflers  of  reformer  and 
revolutionift.  FsTER  Porcupine,  of 
no  very  honourable  notoriety,  has  pub- 
liflied  a  work,  in  two  parts,  intitled, 
"  Democratic  Principles  iltujlrated  by  Ex- 
ample/*  The  name  of  H.  R.  Yorkb  is 
familiar  to  many  of  us  :  in  confequence 
of  a  convi^lion  tor  feditious  praAices,  he 
was  lentenced  to  a  long  imprifonmcnt, 
during  which  period  he  appears  to  have 
undergone  a  gradual  and  complete  change 
in  his  political  principles;  he  has  now 
publiihed  "  A  Letter  to  the  Keformen;* 
wherein  he  exhibits  a  full  recantation  of 
fcis  former  tenets.  Knowing  fo  Kttle  of 
Mr.  YoRKE  as  we  do,  it  would  be  highly 
unbecoming  to  join  that  general  voice  of 
cenfure  which,  of  couric,  is  dire£>ed 
aeainft  him  by  the  party,  whofe  princi- 
ples he  has  deferted :  Mr.  YoRKS  may 
be  a^uated  bv  the  pureft  and  mod  ho- 
ftounble  motives  ;  we  enter  not  into  the 
lYceflts  of  another  man's  heart.  **  ne 
Cafe  of  the  People  of  England;^  &c.  is 
Written  by  '*  one  of  80,000  incorrigible 
jacobins,**  who,  notwithftanding,  appears 
to  have  a  fincerc  refpeft  for  the  form  and 
principles  of^oui;  own  conftitution;  his 
pamphlet  ^ifnlays  ability  and  informa- 
tion. Mr.  Anthony  Avprerk,  as 
*•  A  Warnint  to  Briton f,**  has  publifhed 
**  from  awefl-authenttcated  German  pub- 
lication,*' a  moft  horrible,  and,  we  iin- 
<crcly  hope,  as  every  mart  of  feeling  muft 
hope,   an  exaggerated  relation   of  the 


treacherous  and  inhuman  conduft  of  the 
French  officers  and  ibldiers  towards  the 
peafants  of  Suabit,  during  the  inrafionot 
Germany  in  1796. 

We  could  enumerate  the  tttle-pagef  of 
various  other  political  publications,  but 
the  talk,  perhaps,  would  be  no  lefs  tire- 
fome  to  our  reader*  than  ourfelves.;  par* 
ticularly  as  we  are  not  'aware  of  having 
omitted  any,  whofe  eminence,  either  m 
wifdom,  or  in  folly,  merits  enume^tion. 
On  the  fuh}e£t  of  American  politics, 
howevct*,  two  publications  deferve  atten- 
tion: the  aim  of  Mr.  Harper's  *<  Oh^ 
feruations  on  the  Dijpute  hetnjueen  the  United 
States  and  France,^*  is  to  criminate  the 
latter  and  exculpate  the  former:  it  is  a 
well-kno^  and  melancholy  truth,  that 
America  is  divided  into  two  parties,  the 
one  adherent — ^perhaps  through  gratitude 
— to  the  French,  who  generoufly  ftepped 
forward  to  afllft  them  m  their  eVer-me- 
morable  ftruggle ;  and  the  other,  yet  at« 
tached  to  the  once  parent-country,  who 
are  felicitous  to  preferve  with  it,  their 
prefent  alliance.  Mr.  Harper  is  a  cham* 
pion  of  the  latter ;  he  enlarges  in  a  ftraln 
of  animated,  indeed,  but  not  very  tlo« 
quent  inve6livc,  on  the  arrogance  and 
unbounded  ambition  of  the  French  Re* 
public;  he  developes  her  political  ma- 
noeuvres in  refpe^  to  the  United  Statet^ 
and  confiders  the  obie£l  of  her  conneftxoa 
with  them,  to  be  the  revival  of  ancient 
animofity  between  England  and  America; 
refle6^ing9  that  this  revival  would  evi* 
dently  be  attended  with  ftriking  and  im-* 
ffnediate  9dvaatages  to  France,  Thele 
obfervations,  however,  of  Mr.  Harper» 
it  fccms,  are  to  be  received  with  very 
cautious  confent ;  for  a  late  minifter  ple- 
nipotentiary from  the  republic  of  Aine- 
rica  to  that  of  France,  Mr.  MuNRoE,. 
has  publifhed  «*  A  View  of  the  ConduSt 
of  the  Executive  in  the  Foreign  Affairs  of 
the  United  States,  as  connected  with  the 
Miffion  to  the  French  Republic  durif^  the 
Tears  1794-5,  astd  6,**  wherein  ibme  of 
the  molt  important  ftatements  of  Mr* 
Harper  ai*e  invalidated;  not  to  fay  in- 
tirely  overtlu-own.  Mr.  Mu»R0E*s 
pamphfet  is  entitled  ^to  the  greater  rtfpefl: 
perhaps,  fmce  it  was  not  written  in  reply 
to  Mr.  Harper,  but  contains  an  acci- 
dental and  unintended  impeachment  of 
his  accuracy;  Mr.  M.  has,  moreover, 
illuftrated  his  pamphlet,  and  given  it  In- 
difputable  autnority,  by  the  m(ertion  4f 
his  Qvm  diplomatic  inftru5lions  and  cor- 
refpondence.  Few  are  the  v^orks  which 
have  come  before  us  oft  the  fubjt^ls  of 

GSKEAIO* 


490 


Half'jearlj  RetrpfpiSt  of  Donuftic  Literaturf. 


GKNKAtOGY  AND  AHTK^XriES; 

1>ut  thoie  few  are  excellent  in  tbeirkind. 
Mr.  P.  Ltsons'  "  Envircns  oflAndon^^^ 
IB  a  valuable  work,  which  moft  of  us, 
probably,  have  renifed  \  a  younger  bro- 
dier  of  that  gentleman,  Mr.  S.  Lysons, 
luis  publiihed  a  very  ixuereiling  '<  Account 
^  Roman  Aniiquities  difcomtrrd  at  Wood- 
cbejler^  in  the  Comnly(ffGhucefter\  in  this 
(pfendid  work,  Mr.  L.  has  difplayed  an 
uncommon  variety  of  ornamental  and  cu- 
rious acquirements:  though  not  profef- 
£«nally  an  art  id,  he  has  executed,  not 
merely  the  drawings  and  admeafurements 
hunfelf,  but,  with  one  or  two  exceptions. 
Has  alfo  engraven  the  plates,  and  in  a 
Aylc  of  fupcrior  delicacy  and  elegance. 
The  defcripiivc  portion  of  this  volume 
difplays  much  diligence  of  inveAigAtion» 
ind  is  no  lefs  creditable  to  Mr.  Lysons, 
as  an  antiquary,  than  the  graphic  as  an 
artift^  The  price  of  the  magnificent  work 
is  ten  i^intas  in  boards.  Mr.  Lang- 
ley's  «'  Ktficry  ani  JntiquiiUs  of  the 
Hundred  of  Dejhorougb  and  Deanery  ifWy- 
eoinbeC"  i«  a  work  rather  of  ufeful  rrfcr- 
ciice  tt)  the  hiftorian,  than  of  general  in- 
tereft  to  the  public ;  it  is  executed  with 
induftry  and  ability  \  nor  is  it  the  fault 
•F  Mr.  L.  tha^t  tljc  hundred  of  De (bo- 
rough poflfelfes  but  little  attraftion  to  the 
antiquary.  We  are  indebted  to  an  ano- 
i^mous  editor,  for  the  publication  of  a 
curious  account  of  the  <*  Vene^'ahle  and 
Primitial  See  of  St,  Andrews  ^  reliqidit 
pi*vt  Andrse.^*  This  work  was  written 
by  *  a  true  (though  unworthy)  Tone  of 
the  church,'  (a«  he  modtftly  ftyles  him- 
lelf)f  Mr.  George  Martine,  of  Cler- 
mont, who  feems  to  have  held  Ibmcofficci 
probably  that  of  fecretary,  under  Arch- 
Di(hop  Sharp.  Th?s  work  is  printed  from , 
an  original  manufcript,  prefcrving  not 
only  Mr.  Miitinc's  ftyle,  but  his  fpell- 
ing,  both  of  which  liave  yudergone  con- 
£derable  altcratlcns  in  MSS.  of  the  uni- 
verfity,  the  Hjrleian  llbi-aiy,  and  that  in 
the  poffefllon  of  Dr.  Adamfon.  Who- 
ever is  defirous  of  information  relative  to 
the  early  hiftory  of  St.  Andrews,  will  not 
be  difappointcd  in  the  perufal  of  this  cu- 
rious \  olume.  In  proftcution  of  a  defign 
which  the  Ibcicty  of  antiquaries  has  re- 
iblved  to  execute,  of  publiihing  accurate 
mcafuresof  all  the  principal  ecclefiaftical 
buildings  of  England,  it  has  now  pre- 
fented  the  public  with  "  Some  Account  of 
the' Cathedral  Church  cf  Exeter y  Ulujiratlve 
of  the  plans t  ele*vafions,  andfeiHons  of  that 
builditiS*^*  This  magnificent  work  is  the 
ferft  of  the  feriesj  it  contains  eleven 
platc8>  which  are  executed  on    a  large 


fcale  atid  in  an  elegant  maaner.  TKs 
"  CoUeGkn  offcarct  aMdiaterejlmg  TraJ!s, 
tenMmg  to  elsuidate  detached  parts  of  the 
Hi/iory  of  Great  Britain,""  is  fclcfted  from 
the  Soroert*  coUe6lions,  and  arranged 
in  chrouologicil  order.  This  work  is 
dotibly  valuable,  from  the  fcarcity  of  the 
larger  Mrork  from  which  it  is  compiled. 
We  muil  not  omit  to  mentioD,  that  the 
indefatigable  Mr.  Nichols,  has  pub- 
liihed "  Ulujlrctions  of  the  Manners  and 
Expences  of  Ancient  'limes  in  England,"' 
which  he  has  deduced  from  the  accompts 
of  church-wardens,  and  other  authentic 
documents. 

VOYAGES  AND  TROWELS. 

Ftfw  works  are  better  calcuhied  to 
blend  inftniclion  with  amufement,  th^ 
thofe  which  may  be  comprehended  umier 
the  prefent  head :  fince  our  lajl  retrorpccf, 
ftvci-al  of  unufual  merit  have  been  added 
to  our  collet  ion  of  voyages  and  travels. 
Among  them  is  Mr.  Dall  aw  a  Y'i  *'  Ctn- 
flaatinoflet  Ancient  and  MoJn-n  5  luitb  Ex- 
cuifi^ns  to  the  Shores  and  IJlafids  of  the  Ar- 
chipelago,  and  to  the  Troad, "  T  he  cb jcd  of 
Mr.  D.  was  not  fo  much  to  delineate  the 
prefent  manners  of  the  Ottoman  empij-e,  as 
to  obtain  and  communicate  **  an  accurate 
information  of  the  prefent  ftate  of  thole 
i*uins  which  were  once  the  pride  of  clafBc 
antiquity,  and  to  infpefl  thofe  fcenes  once 
dienificd  by  the  rebdence  of  the  moft 
enlightened  people  of  their  day."  In  this 
tour,  of  about  a  thoufand  miles,  Mr. 
D.  furveyed  the  eaftem  toaft  of  the  fea  of 
Marmora,  and  travcrfinj  Anatolia,  pnr- 
fued  the  ^eean  Ihorc-s  on  his  return,  2nd 
vifiled  tjie  iuands  of  Samos,  Chio,  Mity- 
lene,  and  Tenedos,  ex*amining  alfo  the 
now  defolate  region  of  the  Troad.  A 
very  ample  account  is  given  of  the  metro- 
polis of  the  empire,  which  is  inhabited 
by  a  motley  crew  of  Turks,  Greeks, 
Jews,  Armenians,  and  Franks,  from 
every  European  nation.  Among  the  pub- 
lic edifices  of  Con^antinople — conlii^Ing 
of  13  libraries,  500  fchools,  130  baths, 
khans  for  the  accommodation  of  mcr- 
chants,  bazars  for  the  difplay  of  their 
wares,  together  with  coffee- houfei,  and 
teriaki-khana,  where  opium  is  foM,  (a 
drug  now  giving  way  to  wine)  is  the  re- 
mark  ably  magnificent  mofque  of  Sultan 
Ahmed  I.  How  much  the  influence  of 
internal  embellilhments  over  the  mind, 
of  gilded  tablets,  and  the  •*  dim  religious 
light"  of  richly-painted  windows,  is 
heightened,  in  chriilian  churches,  by  the 
full  choir  and  decent  ceremoni^,  will  be 
felt,  fays  Mr.  DaLLawaY,  "  in  thcie 
temples  of  Mahonuncd,  in  wliich  are  fcen 


Half-yearly  Rttrojpelf  afBrttifii  thirttturtl 


49» 


•n!y  a  few  <Ieyotees>  writhing  themielvet 
in  dittoited  attitudes,  and  drawling  out 
portions  of  the  Koran  with  equal  io^^nefs 
•nd  difcordance.*'  A  tranflation  has  ap* 
pcared,  from  the  original  Italian  of  the 
AbbeLAZZAROSPALLANZANl's  '<7r«. 
n)ih  in  tin  T^wq  SkUus^  andfome  Parts  of 
the  Afpenhus*''^  The  celebrity  of  Spaj.- 
LANZANi,  as  a  naturaliily  philofopher, 
andphyfiologift,  will  excite  very  coniider- 
able  attention  to  the  prefent  pertormance : 
his  microfcopical  obienrations,  and  hit 
experimentsj  multifaxuous,  indeed,  and 
valuable,  but  many  of  them  attended  with 
circumftances  of  disgusting  and  un« 

PARDONABLE      CRUELTY,     are     well- 

known  to  the  learned,  and  many  of  them, 
even  to  the  unlearned  world.  The  prefent 
work,  however,  may  be  read  without 
Ihock  to  the  feelings  of  any  one,  for  the 
Abbate,  whofe  fimner  ftudies  have  been 
chiefly  devoted  to  tlie  inveftigation  of  ani- 
mal and  vegetable  phenomena,  has  now 
tuned  his  attention  to  the  minutise  of 
mineralogy.  For  the  purpofeof  forming 
an  ample  and  valuable  colle^lion  of  vol- 
canic matter,  Spallanzani  made  the 
circuit  of  the  Phlegrean  fields  and  the 
A>lian  ifles ;  the  ever-burning  ciaters 
of^tna,  Stromboli  and  Vefuvms,  /ub- 
mitted  to  his  undaunted  and  indefatigable 
jiefearch.  We  have  frequently  had  oc- 
cajion*  and  feldom  more  occafion  than  at 
prefent,  to  lament,  that  it  is  inconfiftent 
with  our  plan  to  enter  at  large  into  works 
of  curiofity  and  importance ;  it  is  evident, 
however,  that  a  retroibe^  of  fo  unre- 
ftri^ed  a  nature,  woukl  fwell  to  a  fize 
dii'proportionate  to  our  other  communica- 
tions. With  reluflance,  therefore,  we 
mult  content  ourielves  with  a  (impk  re- 
commendation of  the  Abbe^Sp  a  L  L  a  N  z  Ar 
hV%  travels,  to  the  perufal  of  our  readers. 
A  republication  has  appeared  of  <<  Patd 
Hentzjur^s  travels  into  England  during 
ibc  ReigM  oj  Sfueett  EUzabetbi*  &c.  Ho- 
race Walpole  translated  thefe  ti-avels  from 
the  Latin,  and  piinted  them  at  Strawberry 
Uiii,  about  fbrty  years  ago  $  to  the  pre- 
lent  edition,  which  is  corre^ily  and  beau- 
tifully printed,  the  Fragmenta  Regalia^  or 
Obfervations  on  Queen  Elizabeth's  Times 
and  Favourites*  ai^e  added :  the  engrav- 
ings which  adoin  this  work,  are  numer- 
ous, and  executed  in  a  ftyle  of  conlider- 
able  elegance.  JDr.  Moody  has  edited 
<<  ASkeubofModernFratKei''  written  in 
m  ieries  of  letters,  by  a  Ladv,  during  a 
tour  through  that  country  m  the  years 
1796  and  17^7.  Thefe  letters  are  written 
ivith  a  great  deal  of  vivacity  \  they  abound 
Id  anecdotes,  for  the  inoft  part  illu(lra> 

*  iupF.  Monthly  Mag.  No.  xxziix. 


tive  of  eminent  chai^a^lers,  and  are  «vi» 
dently  the  produAionof  an  impartial  and 
acute  obferver.  A  work  of  confiderabk 
and  deferved  poi>ularity,  is  Mifs  WiL* 
LiAM^*s  *<  Tour  in  Swiiscerkmdf^  Mifa 
W.  it  is  well  known,  refided  in  France 
during  the  dreadful  pe^od  of  its  revolu- 
tionary govenunent ;  ihe  was  a  Girondi^ 
the  fnemi  of  Madame  Roland,  and  had 
publiflieda  work  in  England,  in  which 
was  difplayed,  with  all  its  uglinefs  and 
deformity,  the  character  of  many  a  fero* 
clous  fatellite  of  Robefpierre.  Theft 
united  circumftances^ rendered  her  fitua* 
tion  moil  perilous:  of  courfe,  it  is  not 
wonderful,  that  me  anxioufly  feiied  die 
fortunate  oppcHrtunity  which  prefaited  it* 
(elf,  of  pbtaming  a  paflport  for  Switaorw 
land^  to  this  opportunity  the  public  is 
indebted  for  the  prefent  tour,  which  now 
exeites  a  double  intereft,  as  it  was  nudi 
through  a  country,  whofe  moral  and  po* 
litical  features  have  iince  Aifcred  • 
change,  which  fcarcdy  any  thing  Icfs  than 
conqueft  could  have  fo  fpecdily  efieded, 
Mifs  WiLLiAMS*s  ftyle  of  writing  it  well 
known ;  lefs  elegant  than  if  it  were  left 
ornamented,  (he-  feems  to  have  no  reliAi 
for  that  fimplicity  of  compofidon,  whol« 
channs  are  to  us  infinitely  more  fafcinat*^ 
^  ing  than  the  rich  poetic  periods,  whicli 
'  almoft  monopolise  her  pages.  The  fub* 
lime  and  tremendous  fccnery,  however^ 
which  Switzerland  preients,  not  ezcufctf 
but  demands  a  glow  of  colouring,  a  fret 
and  an  animated  pencil.  But  the  (ketches 
of  country  which  Mi(s  W.  has  intio«r 
duced,  Ihe  profefies  to  be  fubordinates 
for  the  main  objeA  of  the  work  is  to  diT- 
play  the  moral  il(uation  of  Switzerland ; 
tu  exhibit  the  government  and  manners  of 
the  Cantons  $  to*  draw  a  comparative  pic- 
ture of  the  preiient  ftate  of  Paris  with  thai 
Vf  the  Swifs  towns ;  and  to  trace  the  tm* 
portant  and  momentous  effefls,  which 
the  French  revolution  has  produced  i«l 
SwitzerUnd,  where  a  new  sera  has  already 
been  eftabliflied  by  it,  in  the  annals  of  its 
hiftory.  In  the  perulal  of  thele  intereft - 
ing  volumes,  we  could  not  but  contraft 
th^  ancient  freedom,  which  the  hardv 
foi^fathers  maintained  of  thefe  bleak 
mountaineers,  the  Swifs,  with  the  dil- 
guftin^  vaiTalage  to  which  their  defcend- 
ants  had  molt  ingloriouAy  fubmittedj 
<*  all  the  peafantry  in  the  cinton  of  Bafil> 
with  only  the  exception  of  the  little  town 
of  Lieltal,  which  enjovs  a  few  municipa) 
privileges,  are  litcraHy  Serfs,  and  anr 
nexed  to  the  foil . '  *  Three-fourths  of  the 
inhabitants  of  tliis  cantan,  antecedent  • 
the  late  revolution^  wert  abiblutc  fiaves  $ 
3S  aim 


Half -yearly  RitrofptSf  of  Britifi  Literatufi. 


492 

a  ftill  larger  proportion  were  in  a  ftate  ot 
vallalage  in  the  canton  of  Zurich ;  nor 
did  Lucerne,  the  Bototia  of  Switzerland, 
wear,  in  any  degree,  lefs  heavy  or  lefs 
galling  chain*  than  either.  ««  What," 
exclaims  Guftavus  VaTa  to  the  miners  of 
Dalecarlia, 

«<  What  but  liberty 
trough  the  famed  courfe  of  thirteen  hun- 
dred yean, 
illoof  hath  held  invasion  from  your  hills. 
And  fandified  their  flude  ?  .  .  .  . 


And  what^re  fifty,  wh^t  a  thouland  Haves, 
MatchM  to  the  fine^f  of  a  fingle  arm 
That  ftrikes  for  liberty  ?" 

But  the  French  have  marched  over  the 
hills  of  Switzerland,  for  the  mountaineers 
hid  no  liberty  to  ftrike  ioT\  and  they 
yielded,  after  an  obftinate,  indeed,  thougn 
«  fliort  conflict,  to  the  reftlefs  and  am- 
bitious arms  of  a  proud  and  overbearing 
republic.  The  laft  thirty  pages  of  Miw 
WiLXiAMs's  interefting  work  contain 
important  matter,  and  matter  very  little 
known,  relative  to  this  snvafion ;  which 
had  not  taken  place  at  the  time  (he  wrote, 
but  which  flie  feems  to  have  clearly  an- 
ticipated from  the  temper  which  (he  ob- 
ftrved  in  the  country.  It  appears  that 
the  popular  party  of  the  Pays  de  Vaud 
claimed  from  the  French  an  ancient  gua- 
rantee of  their  republican  independence, 
in  oppofition  to  the  governments  of  Swit- 
zerland, particularly  that  of  Berne ;  this 
guarantee  was  made  by  the  French  na* 
tion  in  the  year  1565,  m*  confirmation  of 
the  treaty  oi  Laufanne,  concluded  the 
preceding  Tear,  between  Philibcrt,  the 
fucceflor  ot  Charles  the  Third,  duke  of 
Savoy,  and  the  Swifs  cantons.  Mifs 
WiLiiAMShas  givenahiftorvof  thiff  cu- 
ricms  and  important  treaty,  wtiich,  ifcw^ 
TfB,  feems,  on  the  acknowledged  princi- 
ples of  national  ikith,  not  only  to  juftify 
the  invafion  of  Switzerland  by  Frartce, 
but  to  <hew  that  it  was  limply  tlie  ho- 
noiu^ble  fulfilment  of  an  old  engagement 
in  favour  of  the  people  *. 

•  The  invafion  of  Switzerland  has  ihet 
with  fuch  genenl  reprobation,  that  we  are 
particularly  folicitout  not  to  miflead  our 
rcadwrs,  and  prompt  them  to  an  erroneous 
jud£(tncnt  on  the  fubjed$  M'lU  Williams 
wrote  antecedent  to  the  revolution,  aad  con- 
fequently  cannot  be  fufpedled  o( having  virit- 
tch  cxprefsly  in  vindication  of  it.  We  have 
itated  plainly,  wlut  was  the  Smpreflion  made 
'  t»n  our  minds  in  the  pcrufal  of  her  tour ;  a 
very  oppofite  impreffioft  might  be  made  on 
the  minds  of  others.  We  wi/h  our  readers, 
therefore^  not  to  form  their  opinion  frum 


The  hft  work  which  we  have  occalkw 
to  notice  in  this  department  of  literature' 
is,  **  Travels  ibrougb  the  Mantime  A^Sf 
from  Itafy  to  Lyonsy  acrofs  tbe  Colde  Tended ' 
kc,  bv  Mr.  Albanxs  Beaumont,  au- 
thor of  "  rbe  Rbatian  A^si'  &c.  The 
chief  merit  of  this  publication,  as  well 
as  of  the  former  by  the  fame  gentleman, 
confifts  in  the  fjjlendour  of  its  plates,  and 
the  ek'gance  of  its  typography,  it  it 
printed  in  folio,  and  the  price  of  it  is 
five  guineas. 

TOURS. 

Some  few  narratives  of  what  may  be 
denominated  domeflic  cxcurfions,  una- 
foiring  to  the  dignity  of  **  Voyi^es  and 
i'ravelsi^*  have  too  much  merit  to  be 
paffed  over  in  filcnce.  We  have  fcldoni 
perufed  a  Ima^l  volume,  which,  for  a  de- 
lineation of  charaScr,  variety  of  inci- 
dent, and  variety  of  defcription,  ex- 
ceeds Mr.  Warner's  ««  Walk  tkrws^ 
Wales »*^  We-  are  happy  to  obfore  an 
increafing  frequency  of  thefe  pedeftrian 
tours :  to  nvoAf  is,  beyond  all  compari- 
fon,  the  moft  independent  and  advanta- 
geous mode  of  travelling  ;  Smelfungus 
and  Mundunrus  may  purfue  their  jour- 
ney as  they  p&afe;  but  it  grieves  one  to 
fee  a  man  of  tafte  at  the  mercy  of  a  oofti^ 
lion.  Mr.  Henry  Skrine  is  rattier  a 
common-place  traveller :  his  "  Tw/iu- 
egffhfe  Tours  through  the  whole  of  Wakr 
is  a  mediocre  performance,  affording  but 
little  room,  cither  to  cenfure  or  applaud. 
Mr.  Woodward's  *«  Bcctntric  Excw- 
fionf^  contain  abundant  Iketches  of  cha- 
ra^er  and  country,  in  different  parts  of 
England  and  South  Wales.  A  vein  of 
humour  pervades  them,  which,  however, 
f s  Hot  always  the  moft  happy :  the  work 
is  embellifhed  with  a  hundred  engravings, 
many  of  them  original  and  chanAeriftic. 
Mr.  M'Nayr's  ««  Ginde  from  Gkfgsnv 
tofime  (ff  tbe  mofi  renutrkaNe  Scenes  w  ih 
Highlands  of  Scotland y""*  is  Ibmcwhat  over- 
charged witli  defcription  5  we  mitftioa 
not  the  warmth  of  the  author's  feelings 
at  the  fcenes  be  furveyed,  butamsnof 
fimple  and  coitcA  tafte  would,  in  fcroe 
degree,  have  repulfed  the  wantonnef^  vA 
Itixuriaace  of  his  imagination,  when  ^ 
fet  down  to  write.  As  the  eye  may  !  e 
otitAded  at  a  glare  of  colouriilg,  fo  isay 
the  ear  be  foon  Ibrfcitcd  by  richnefs  and 
mclliflvenccof defcription.  Mr. M'Nay R, 
however,  is  entitled  to  confiderable  praifi? ; 
like  Mr.  Warner,  the  pedefti-ian  tourift 
jutt  mentioned,  he  is  an  admirer  of  Offian, 

wlut  we  have  faid,  hut  rather  to  ffflc  the 
fountain  whence  we  drew  ear  Informacic.i. 

as! 


Half-ytarly  RetrofptS}  of  BrUiJb  Literature. 


493 


and  abounds  with  poetic  and  hillorical 
^quotation. 

TOPOGRAPHY. 

Dr.  J*  A.  Graham's  **  Defcrtpthve 
Skftcb  of  the  prefent  State  of  Vermonf^  i% 
written  in  a  ftyle  of  fuch  un'ifomi  pane- 
eyrie,  that,  in  order  to  derive  mucn  va- 
luable information,  it  mu(t  be  read  with 
confiderable  caution  ;  with  fuch  caution, 
however,  it  may  be  carefully  perufed. 
Mr.  PoLWHELE  has  publiftied  a  part  of 
the  firft  volume  of  his  ♦«  Hiftory  of  De'von- 
flnre  j'*  it  is  fomewhat  fingular,  that  this 
elaborate  work  was  introduced  to  the 
public  by  a  feconj  volume,  which  ap- 
peared fome  three  or  four  years  fincej 
the  part  juft  publifhed  contains  wh^t  Mr. 
P,  niodeftly  calls  a  **  Jketcb  of  natural 
hiftory."  After  a  general  defcriptlon  of 
the  province,  fucceed  many  curious  at- 
mofpherical  remarks  j  Mr.  P.  has  Invef- 
tigated  the  fources  of  a  great  variety  of 
rivers,  and  the  qualities  of  a  great  variety 
of  fprings  j  he  oppofcs  the  hypothefis  of 
Dr.  Hal  ley,  that  fpring^s  are  produced  by 
vapour,  and  feems  to  coincide  with  thole 
philoibphers  who  confider  them  derived 
trom  the  lea,  <*  by  cavities  riJnning  thence 
through  the  bowels  of  the  earth  like  veins 
or  arteries  of  the  human  body ,  and  that 
the  fea  afts  like  an  hydraulic  machine, 
to  force  and  protrude  thofe  cavities  to  a 
confiderablc  inland  diftancc:"  Mr.  P. 
conjeftures,  in  addition,  with  great  pro- 
bability, that  a  clepofition  of  I'alts  Is  occa- 
fioned  by  the  filtration  of  fea^water  in  its 
paiTagc  through  the  earth :  the  water  be- 
comes lighter  in  proportion  to  the  fub- 
lidencc  of  its  falts  j  it  rifes,  therefore, 
through  the  pores  of  the  earth,  above  the 
level  it  would  otherwife  prcferve,  even  to 
the  tops  of  the  hills.  Though  a  work, 
by  no  means  cxclufively  topographical, 
we  may,  without  impropriety,  arrange  in 
this  divifion,  Mr.  Murphy's  "  General 
yieiv  of  the  State  of  Portugal r  The  plan 
of  Mr.  MuRPHV,  indeed,  embraces  an 
ejttenfivc  variety  of  topics,  all  of  which 
he  has  t^ted  in  a  concife  and  intelli- 
gible manner,  communicating  a  tnie  idea 
of  the  hirtory  and  national  charafter  of 
the  Portitgucfe.  The  agriculture  of  Por- 
tugal is  a  (ubjeft  of  dlltinft  confideration ; 
the  catifes  of  its  former  declenfion,  and 
thofe  which  ftill  imuede  its  advancement, 
are  traced  with  mucn  ikill  and  in-:cnuity : 
the  vine,  of  courli',  Continues  to  be  cul- 
tivated in  preference  to  grain,  becanfe  it 
lias  been  proved  to  be  four  times  as  lu- 
crative; Having,  in  a  feries  of  chapters, 
given  an  account  of  the  revenue,  tlie  mi- 
litai-y  aiyj  marine  departments,  the  coa- 


quefts,  and  the  coinage  amone  the  Por* 
tuguele,  Mr.  M.  offers  fome  lively  and 
ftriking  (ketches  of  their  domeftic  man<« 
ners.  This  curious  and  amufins  work, 
which  includes  "  an  account  of  the  phy- 
fical  and  moral  ftate  of  the  kingdom  of 
Portugal,  together  with  obfervations  oa 
the  animal,  vegetable,  and  mineral  pro- 
du(5lions  of  its  colonies,"  is  compiled  trom 
the  befl  Portuguefe  writers,  and  from  no* 
tices  obtained  in  the  country. 

We  proceed  to  an  interefting  and  ufeiul 
department  of  literature,  namely^ 

BIOGRAPHY, 

which  is  cultivated  to  a  confiderable  ex« 
tent.  «  7be  Life  of  Sir  Charles  LirnidetUt"* 
has  been  translated  from  the  German  of 
M.  Stoever,  by  Mr.  Joseph  Trapp. 
The  general  outlines  of  the  biography 
of  this  great  naturalift  have  long  iince 
been  known ;  they  are  now  filled  up, 
however,  with  particulars  of  his  private 
life,  which  are  new  and  intereiling.  A 
copious  lift  of  his  works  is  added,  to<* 
gether  with  a  <'  biographical  iketch  of 
the  life  of  his  fon,'*  whofe  charaAer  and 
attainments  Dr.  Sto E  v  E  R  has  repreientcd 
in  a  favourable  light.  It  is  impoffiblt 
not  to  mention,  in  terms  of  fevere  difap. 
probation,  the  clumfy  ungnunmatical 
tranflatlon,  which  this  valuable  work  hat 
undergone  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Trapp  : 
it  refieds  difgrace,  not  only  on  him^ 
felf,  but  in  fome  meafure  ob  the  Linnsean 
fociety,  for  not  having  taken  precaution 
to  prevent  it.  The  death  of  a  woman, 
renowned  for  talent  and  eccentricity,  haa 
been  fucceeded  by  an  interefting  narra- 
tive of  her  life :  in  the  vigour  of  age» 
and  in  the  bloom  of  beauty,  Proridence 
has  fummoned  away  Mary  Woliftone* 
craft  Godwin.  Her  widower  has  pub« 
lilhed  the  "  Memoirs'*  and  "  Pofthitmous 
IVorks"''  of  this  contefted  cbara^er;  the 
fonner  are  ibmewhat  meagre,  perhaps, 
but  they  are  written  with  much  hmplici- 
ty,  and,  we  have  no  doubt,' with  truth  : 
every  exceptionable  circumftance  of  her 
life  is  narrated  in  the  fame  ungamifhed 
language  which  is  employed  in  the  enu- 
meration of  her  many  meritorious  anions. 
It  is  not  for  us  to  vindicate  Mai*y  God- 
win from  the  cliarge  of  multiplitd  im- 
morality, which  is  brought  againft  her 
by^the  candid  as  well  as  the  cenlbiious; 
by  the  fagaciout  as  well  as  the  fuperh. 
ctal  obfcrver :  her  character,  in  our  efti- 
mation,  is  tar  from  being  entitled  to  un- 
qualified praife;  (he  had  many  faults  j* 
fhe  had  many  tranfc^ndanf  virtues.  But 
(he  is  now  dead|  and  Vt  Ooli 


49* 


Half-yearly  Rifr^fpilf  tf  Britijk  Lhirainr^i 


No  (Mutt  feck  hex  mena  to  aifclore. 
Or  draw  her  frailties  from  the  dread  abode; 

There  they  alike  in  trembling  hope  repofe^ 
The  boiom  of  her  Father  and  her  God  I 

The  Life  of  Catherine  the  Second,  late 
Emprefs  of  Raffia,  has  employed  the  pen 
of  many  a  catchpenny  fcrlbbler  i  the  only  * 
work  of  any  merit  which  ha«  hitheito 
appeared  on  this  fubje£t  is  tranflated  in 
three  oClaYo  Tolumcs  fifom  ^htf  French. 
During  the  reign  of  this  moft  extiaordi- 
parj  woman,  the  throne  of  Ruflla  in* 
fouatcd  the  creeping  fibres  of  its  root 
into  every  court  of  Rurope)  and,  im- 
bibing from  each  fome  lalutaiy  juice, 
converted  it  immediately  to  nutrition  t 
the  growth  of  the  plant  was  wonderful 
imd  alarming!    Mr*  Marjc  Noblb  has 
degraded  the  dignity  of  a  biographer  in 
lua  <«  Lives  of  the  Engliih  Regicides,** 
&c.    Surely,  had  this  gentkinan  been 
diljpoicd  to  vent  bis  idle  rage  a^nft  the 
French,  be  might  have  found  lome  me- 
thod lefs  difcreditable  to  his  own  cha* 
rader  as  an  author,  than  that  which  he 
lias  adopted  of  converting  the  hiftory  of 
a  paft  period  into  %  vehicle  of  party  po- 
itxcs;  but  the  extreme  folly  and  grofs 
illiberality  of  calumniating  a  Bradmaw, 
a  Ludlow,  and  a  Sidney,  unite  to  form  a 
fery  efficacious  antidote  againft  the  poi- 
fon  yhich  his  malignity  nad  prepared. 
Mr.  AspRY  CoNGREVE*s  ««  Mtmoirs 
tf  the  late  Mr.  Cbarks  Mackliu''  are  en. 
tertaining,  and  it  is  probable  authentic. 
Mr.  Almon,  the  author  of  thofe  inte^ 
refting   *'  AnecMtt^''  which    appeared 
Ibme  year  or  two  fince,  "  nfthe  late  Earl 
^Chatham;"  has  publiihcd  fome  <<  Bm- 
jraphkalf  IMeraty^  and  Political  Atteahtes 
vfje'veral  of  the  tmfi  emneut  Perfons  rf 
the  frefeni  Age.''    Thcfe  iketches  are  of 
very  unequal  merit.    A  new  edition  has 
appeared,    in  fifteen    volumes,   of  the 
**  General  Biograpbkal  DiSknaty.^'*    It 
is  enriched  by  a  few  improvements,  and  a 
copious  addition  of  new  matter.    Works 
ofthit  fort  are  ufeful  as  refoenees  in  the 
reading  of  hiftory  \  but  where  the  bio- 
graphy of  fome  thoufand  men  is  com* 
preuea  into  4  few  oAavo  volumes,   it 
muft  necclTariiy  be  meagre  1  and  where 
ehe  doQimeiiu  are  manv  of  them  doubt. 
ifoXt  it  muft   neceflarily  merit    bnt    a 
fUUitioDs  CQ^^fidence.    The  ptefent,  bow- 
ever,  is   a  ufeful  work.     Not  fo   the 
<<  Uterarf  Memeks  rf  Hving  Anthers  ef 
Great  Sntatn,"'  which  are  coUeded  by  a 
writer  wbofe  tafte,  judgment,  and  friti* 
fal  acumen,  are  all  of  uiem  incompetent 
to  fo  aidttOQS  a  perfbimance,  and  whofe 
^roft  partiality,  iod  ^njudicc  arc  diT- 


pucefiil  to  It.  A  new  edition  has  ma^ 
Its  appearance  of  Pilkington^s  *'  Dk" 
tienary  of  PidntiTs %"*  to  which  is  added 
a  Supplement,  the  produ6Uon  of  Br. 
Wo  L COT  (more  generally  known,  per- 
haps, by  the  name  of  Peter  Pindar). 
This  fupplement  proftfles  to  give  anec- 
dotes 0/  the  lateit  and  mod  celebrated 
artifts ;  many  names^  however,  of  well- 
earned  celebrity  are  omitted.  To  thi» 
work  are  added  Rirtnarks  on  the  preient 
State  of  Painting  by  tlie  Royal  Aca- 
demician, Mr.  BAaar.  The  catalogue 
of  biographical  works,  we  bclie\'r,  is 
completed  with  the  addition  of  Mr. 
Heron's  "  Accotuit  of  the  Ltft  li  Mn- 
liy  Leizit^  late  Emperor  of  Morocco.^ 
The  author  of  this  trait,  it  lecms— for 
Mr.  Heron  tranflates  it  from  the 
Fi-ench — ^was  a  fecrct  agent  at  the 
Moorifh  court,  from  the  cabinet  of 
Spaing  againft  which  country  Mulry 
Leiilt  [Mula  Al  Yezid]  harboured  pe- 
culiar inveteracy.  This  agent,  in  con- 
junflion  with  a  military  commander, 
named  Ben  Nafer,  fomented  a  confpi- 
racy  againft  the  tyran^  and  by  his  in- 
trigues at  length  accooipliibed  His  fall. 
It  is  evident,  therefore,  that  ow  anony- 
mous bioc;raphcr,  however  pure  were  the 
fources  ot  his  information,  is  not  to  bci 
implicitly  relied  on.  The  atrocious,  the 
diigufting,  the  unnatural  crimes,  which 
are  faid  to  conftitute  almoft  the  fole  ai^ 
nais  of  Mula  Al  Yeaid's  reign,  will  oot 
be  ci^ited,  perhaps,  in  their  full  extent. 
Mr.  He  ROW  has  judiciouily  fubfoined 
to  this  hideous  account,  **  A  (koit  View 
of  the  Mooriffi  Hiftory  from  the  carlirtt 
Times  to  the  Acceffion  of  Muky  Leirit  5 
with  a  philofophical  Inquiry  into  the 
Caufes  "which  have  hitherto  retarded  the 
Civilization  of  the  Moors."* 

CLASSICAL  LITEaATUl^E. 

The  learned  Prebendary  of  I>urhan| 
Mr.  BuR«Bss,  has  add^  to  a  republi- 
cation of  Ariftotlc's  ««  ?rt&r'  three  In- 
fcriptions,  till  now  vnpubliflied,  from  ^ 
manufcript  in  the  Harlean  CoUe^icm. 
The  editor  of  this  finall  and  infignificant 
original  has  fu^ered  an  unpanlonab^ 
abundance  of  typographical  errors  tc^ 
creep  into  his  text.  We  are  indebt^  to 
a  BritiQi  fenator,  Mr.  DavatMOVD,  for 
a  tranflation  of  the  "  Satires  ofPerfins.'* 
This  arduous  ta(k  is  introduced  by  a 
pikologue,  wherein  Mr.  D.  ^pean  to 
much  advantage  as  an  original  poet  i  an4 
by  a  very  elegant  preface,  where  the  com- 
parative merits  of  the  three  Rooan  ii- 
*irift«,  Horace,  Juvenal,  and  Perihis,  ar^ 
(ketcMwiUithehana^fasDafter*   Th< 


Ha^-jtarlj  Rttn/^a  tf  Srkifi  Linrtitrtt 


49i 


tnmflatbns  of  Dryden  and  Bnewfter  art 
each  a  formidable  rival  to  Mr.  Drvm- 
MOND9  wlio»  notwithftanding  he  baa  oc- 
caiionaJIv  weakened  the  ienic  of  hia 
author,  like  both  his  predeceflbrsy  by  a 
dilated  verilony  has,  on  the  whole,  exe- 
cuted his  talk  with  fuch  tafte  and  ft»irit 
as  to^nerit  the  thanlcs  of  every  clamcai 
ivader.  An  anonymous  autlior  has  pub- 
lished in  two  o6lavo  volumes,  with  claffi- 
cal  notes  and  a  revifion  of  the  Latin 
tcxtf  a  rranUation  of  "  The  Poems  of 
Caialhu.^*  It  has  the  barren  merit  of 
nediocrityy  and  is  highly  cenfurable  as 
conratning  all  the  beaftly  igid  difgufting 
indecencies  of  the  original.  Mr.  But- 
ler has  publiflied,  with  the  addition  of 
a  few  ihort  notes,  the  poem  of  **  Marcus 
Mufkrus^'*  prefixed  to  the  Aldine  and 
two  Bafil  editions  of  Plato :  this  is  fuc- 
ceeded  by  Ifaac  CaJaubonU  Sapphic  ode 
to  the  memory  of  Joieph  Scaliger.  In 
the  fame  fmall  volume  are  included  Poe^ 
tfuHa  et  Exerdtatioues  lUriufque  lu^giut, 
by  the  editor  of  the  volume :  theie  ori- 
ginal compofitions  are  nine  in  number; 
among  them  are  Garrick^s  beantitiil 
$)ng,  **  Thou  ibft-flowing  Avon,^'  in 
Greek  hexameter  $  Beattie*s  **  Hermit,** 
and  Milton* s  ieventh  Sonnet,  in  Latin 
hexameter  and  pentametei%  The  learned 
editor  of  thb  work  announces  that  he  has 
been  appointed  bv  the  Univerfity  of 
Cambridge  to  publiih  a  new  edition  of 
fifcbylus.  The  laborious  Mr.  Bryant 
has  given  us  the  icntiments  of  Philo 
judaeus  concerning  the  Am^y  or  <*  IVord 
of  God.^'*  Numerous  pattages  are  pro- 
duced £rom  that  learned  Jew,  to  which 
are  added  citations  from  the  Fathers,  as 
teftimoniais  for  the  truth  of  the  doftrine 
pf  the  Trinity.  Notwithftanding  the 
general  orthodoxy  of  this  gentleman,  one 
or  two  texietf  in  this  curious  perform- 
ance favour  ibmewhat  of  hereiy.  The 
Jlev.  Mr.  Ratner  has  tranflated  into 
Englilh  "  7be^  Commenian  of  Hterocles 
vpon  the  golden  Verfes  rf  the  fyhagoream.^'' 
To  this  work,  wHich  is  accompanied 
ivith  notef  and  iUu^ratio&s,  he  has  sidded 
a  translation  of  the  **  CtaraSers  of 
Tbeopifraftuii*^  a  philofopher  to  whom 
yn  are  mdebted  for  the  prefervation  of 
f«  Arifioik'j  )Vorks;'  which  have  lately 
))een  trai^ted  in  a  ftyle  of  fuperior  ele- 
gance and  accuracy  by  a  gentleman,  well 
fUMwn  in  tke  litmry  world,  Dr.  Gil- 
lies, .to  whofe  «  Ifiitory  of  Ancient 
Greece''  the  pre&nt  •«  Englifti  Ariftotle'' 
ft  intended  as  a  companion  and  a  counter- 
part.   This  work  is  illuftrated  by  intro- 


hiilory  of  the  IMe  of  Ariftotle,  and  a  new 
analytas  of  his  fpeculative  works. 

From  Clsfijcai  Literature  we  proceed 
to  notice  the  few  works  which  luive  ap« 
peared  in  the  departments  of 

PKILOLOOY  and  CRITICISM. 

Mr.  HoRNE  TooKK  has  given  to  tht 
public  the  firft  volume  of  an  edition,  verjf  • 
much  eniargedfvof  that  incftimable  work, 
"  The  Dtverfions  of  Purlev^^  wherem, 
*<  by  a  (ingle  flaih  of  ligat,  he  has  ua« 
folded  the  whole  theory  of  language, 
which  had  fo  long  lain  buried  beneath 
the  learned  lumber  of  the  fchools.**  This 
volume,  the  firft  of  three,  -contains  the 
whole  of  that  which  had  lon^  fince  been 
publiflied,  together  with  replies— not  the 
moft  courteous  indeed-*-to  leveral  op* 
ponents  of  his  iyftem.  Mr.  TooKl/ 
with  the  utmoft  telicity  of  applicatioi^ 
illuftrates  mainy  parts  of  his  theory  by 
references  to  political  chara^ers  now  in 
exiftence,  fome  of  whom  he  has  fcourged 
with  a  fCorpion  lafli.  Two  ieparate  at- 
tempts  have  lately  been  made,  the  one 
by  a  Frenchman,  the  other  by  a  German* 
to  teach  the  fcience  and  introduce  the 
m-aaice  of  "  Pafigrapfyr  The  iifca  of 
tbrming  fome  mode  of  expreffion,  intelli^ 
^ble  in  any  language  without  tranlla- 
tion,  is  not  indeed  new,  but  it  has  never 
been  fo  fuccefdfiilly  a6le(i  upon  as  on  the 
prefent  occasions.  The  ground- work  of 
the  fcience  muft  evidently  be  the  adoptioll 
of  ibme  arbitrary  fi^ns,  analogous  to  the 
charaAers  of  chemiiby,  the  cyphers  oT 
arithmetic,  and  the  notes  of  mulicj  whicb 
are  intelligble  «*  from  Pcterlbui^  to 
Malta,  from  Madrid  to  Peru,  from  Lon- 
don to  Paris,  to  Philadelphia,  or  the  IAa 
of  Bourbon/*  It  is  obvioufly  irapraper 
for  us  to  enlarge  on  the  fubjefl  in  this 
place. 

NATURAL  HISTORY  and  FHILOSOTHY* 

Mr.  Rashlejgh*s  <*  Specimens  <f 
Britijh  Minerals**  are  executed  in  a  roa* 
fterly  manner.  The  fubjcfts  of  reprc- 
fentation  are,  principally,  varieties  of 
tin  and  copper  ore,  fele^ed  from  the 
cabinet  of  the  author,  whofe  rich  and 
very  elegant  coUeAion  at  Menabilly,  tu 
the  county  of  Cornwall,  is  well  known 
to  the  mineralogrtcal  traveller.  A  few 
iron  ores  are  delineated,  fome  fluors, 
gypfum,  and  different  farms  of  pyrites. 
The  plates  of  this  fplendid  work  are 
finiflied  with  great  fiaelity,  and  the  co-^ 
louring  which  adorns  them  is  remark- 
ably delicate  and  difcrhninacive :  to  each 
article  a  geiieral  defcription  is  annexed.  . 
An  anonymous  author  has  entered  into 
^  4  frit^^  Sfcmmfiaim  ^  la<vcifier^s 

Elaaeuk 


496 


Half^^arfy  RitrofpeH  bf  Britijh  Literatttre. 


Eledi9t3  rf  Cbemilhyi"  with  vtrf  con- 
ikkiablc   acuk net's,   in  a   fmail  o6lavo 
pamphiet.     HU  remark:*  are  principally 
conhntd  to  the  Nomenclature ;  they  ex- 
pofe  a  varieiy  o£  iQconfittencies  on  tlie 
part  of  M.  Lavoilkr,  and  wtll  merit  to 
be  bound  UD  with  tiic  chemical  elements 
of  that  illuAiious  and  unfortunate  man. 
Dr.   Cas.rick's   «*   Dtprtaiiou   an  the 
ibemcal  and  medical   fraperties   of  ike 
Brifid  Hot'^weU  H(aier'^  is  ingenious  and 
ufchiL      The  author  appears  to    have 
condufled  his  analyus  with  care,  and  on 
the  moft  approved  principles  of  modem 
chemiftry.     The  Prefident  of  the  Lin- 
mean  Society  has  collected  from  the  ob- 
ienrations  of  Mr.  John  Ab&ot,  *'  The 
Natural  Hi^ory  of  the  rarer  LepidopUrous 
Ji^eSs  of  Georgia,  "  in  which  country  the 
latter  gentleman  refided  many  years.     If 
theprelent  magnificent  work  owes  little 
to  I>r.  Smith  on  tlie  fcore  lof  original 
natter,  it  is  entirely  indebted  to  him  for 
the  ftyle  and  arrangement  of  tlie  unme* 
thodized  meiiDorandums  of  Mr.  Abbot, 
as  well  as  for  the  fyftematic  name«  and 
definitions  \  which  lail  and  neceflary  ap« 
pcndix  was  left  totally  unattempted  by 
the  author.    It  is  with  pleafure  we  ob- 
ferre  the  fuccelsful  progrefs  of  the  Lin- 
naean  Society :  a  third  volume  of  their 
'<  TranfcUlioni"  has  appeared,  in  wUich 
much  acute  and  laborious  inveiligition 
is  evinced  on  various  lubje£ls  count (S'ted 
with  natui-al    hiftorv.     We  are  ieldom 
favoured  with  a  work  in  which  i'plendour 
and  ufefulncfs  more  happily  unite,  than 
in  Dr.  Patrick  Russel's  "  Account  of 
Jndiam  Serpents,  colU^ed  on  tbe  Coujl  of 
Caromandel,^^     In  this  publication,    fo 
boooiirably  patronized  by  the  Du-e^iors 
of  the  Bail  India  Company,  forty -three 
loccies  of  ferpents,  belonging  to  the  thtve 
T.innxan  genera  of  Boa,  Coluber,    and 
Anguis,  are  reprefented  by  coloured  draw- 
ings, aoid  are  accurately  defcribed.    Ex- 
periments and  remarks  on,  their  feveiai 
poiibns  are  added,  and  the  noxious  clafs 
of  reptiles  is  diftinguiihed  from  thje  in- 
nocent:  not  mere  tlian  feven   of  thefe 
forty-three  are  fumilhcd  with  poifonous 
organs;  they  poiTefs  two  rows  of  fmall 
tcrth  in  the  upper  jaw,  and  are  diltin- 
guiflied  from  the  reft  by  their  fangs  or 
canine  teeth.     Venomous  ferpents  o?  the 
fame  fpecies,  when  made  to  bite  each 
other,  produce  no  fartha-  effed  than  that 
of  a  (unple  incifion.     Mr.  Masso  N,  long 
re(ident  at  the  Cape,  as  colledoi*  of  rare 
exotics  for  Kew-garden,  has  published 
••  StapeRa  No^j^e,  or  a  Col/cdi^n  cffgnaral 
nrw  Speda  of  thai  Gcods^^  JifiQ^Uircd^im 


tbe  hUtrior  ParU  jf  Afiicay  The  de, 
fcf  ipttons  are  precile,  and  the  platfcs  u-e 
beautihil.  Mr.FneBMANhaspubliftied 
the  firli  number  of  "  Seled  Specimens  of 
Briti/h .  Plants,^*  '  He  luperintendcd  ths 
engiaving  and  colouring  of  the  plates  ^ 
which  arc  taken  from  the  drawings  of 
two  ladies,  wfaoie  names  will  be  an- 
nounced lo  the  public  in  a  future  num- 
ber, fliouid  the  preient  be  received  with 
approbation  \  it  contains  five  plates,  all 
of  which  are  executed  with  the  utmott 
chaftenefs  and  elegance.  It  muft  not  be 
omitted,-  however,  that  the  work  is  ex- 
tremely dear,  (al.  as*  a  number)  and  all 
tlie  plants,  namely,  the  faxifraga  gra- 
nuUua,  faxifraga  bypntndts,  ferapias  la- 
fifoka,  and  two  plates  oibraffiea  oleracia, 
have  been  irpeatedly  rcpreiiented  befoir. 
Dn  AiKiK^s  elegant  and  popular  littie 
work,  "  TbeCaktidar  of  Nature,""  hat- 
ing  pafled  through  five  editions  in  its 
oi'iginal  tbue,  is  now  republiftied  by  his 
elder  fon,  Mr.  Arthur  Aikiv,  with 
confiderablc  and  very  ufefui  enlargement : 
for  the  purpole  of  rendering  the  vohime 
more  valuable,  this  latter  gentleman  has 
eiu-iched  it  with  remarks  hom  Pennar.t, 
fiom  Bomare,  from  White,  and  with 
many  obiervations  of  his  own.  It  will 
not  be  deemed  extravagant  to  fay,  that 
there  are  few  works  in. the  Engliih  lan- 
guage better  calculated  than  the  pretent 
to  promote  its  objtr^l,  naroeiy,  to  mi'pire 
young  perfoQs  with  a  tafte  for  natural 
hilloiy.  "  Tbe  Botant/ts  Cahndar'^  is 
an  uiieful  publication:  our  indigenous 
plants  are  arranged  in  the  natural  ordtf 
of  fiowering,  f»  that  in  any  particular 
lea  ion  of  the  year  a  young  botanift  ma? 
know  to  what  plants  his  attention  ought 
to  be  moft  affiduoutly  direc:ied.  The  au- 
thor in  his  preface  apologizes  for  his  par- 
tial notice  of  the  grai&s,  and  total  ouuffan 
of  the  clafs  cryptogamia. 

Dr.  Pr  IE  STL  BY*  s  ^^  Experiments  ad 
Objer*uatwns  relattfje  to  tbe  analyjis  of  At- 
mofpberical  axr,  &€,"**  are  reprinted  in 
England:  the  Do£kor  continues  moil 
heartily  attached  to  his  favourite  do^ice 
of  phlogiftout  which;  it  is  well  known, 
has  been  abandoned  by  inoft  of  the  phi- 
lofophical  chemilts  in  France,  England, 
and  America.  This  work  contains  nacy 
curious  experiments}  the  conclnilon  to 
be  drawn  trom  them,  will  in  all  pivbabi- 
lity,  afford  fubjeA  tor  difputatioD  be- 
twcen  the  Dr.  and  his  opponents. 
We  are  pleaied  to  obliaire,  that  the 

FINK   ARTH 

lend  fo  liberal  an  afliftance  to  the  fctenee^ ; 
kvcrai  wocks  have  fidnady  been  noii^^^ 


}laif'parly  Retr^ffeSf  ofBritiJh  LlUrafure. 


Vnder  di/Terent  headsj  wluch  for  fplendid 
engravings    or  typogi*aphical   beauties, 
might  very  properly  £avc  bjceji  ranked  in 
the  prefent  diviiion ;  among  thefe  are  Mr^ 
Mas  son's  $tapelia  nova^  Mr.  Rash- 
Leigh's  "  Spechnens  rf Mineralogy'''  Mr. 
Freeman's**  Specimens  ofBriii/btlantsi'' 
Mr.  L  von's  **  Antiqidties  atU^'ooJcbeJieri^ 
Mr.    Dallaway's   •*  CQnfttuitinopU,''' 
Dr.  Smith's  publication  of  Mr.  Ab> 
BOT's  **  Lepidopterous  Infe&s^^^  fi»f.  d^c. 
&c.  Tbe  works  oi unconneded^itzxt  ftw. 
Mr.  JohnChambkrlainEj  keeper  of  the 
king's  drawings  and  medals,  (wnofe  ele- 
gant engravings  fiom  the  Caracci,  we 
mentioned  in  our  laitretrofpef^)  has  pub< 
fifhcd  ten  numbers  of  *'  Imttations  ofotigi- 
ftrJ  Draivin^s,  by  Hans  Holbein^'*  in  the 
collcftion  ot  his  majelly,  Thefe  drawings 
of  Holbein,  are  the  portraits  of  fome  of 
the  chief  perfonages  of. the  court  of  Henry 
the  eight  n;  they  were  found  in  a  bureau 
at  Kensington;  how  they  came  there  is 
unknown,  for  it  is  mentioned  in  Horace 
Walpole'^s  **  Anecdotes  of  Paintings t''  that 
ihey  had  been  fold  into  France,  and  paflTed 
through    a    variety   of  hands.    Thefe 
drawings  are  eighty  nine  in  number,  and 
are  held  in  very  high  eftimation;  they' 
hare  little  more  than  outlines,  are  drawn 
with  qhalk  upon  paper  ftained  of  a  flefli 
colour^  and  arc  fcarccly  ihaded.     The 
heads  of  Sir  ThomasMore,  Bifiiop  Fiiher, 
Sir  Thomas  Wyat,    and    Broke  Lord 
Cobham,  are  regarded  m&  mailer  pieces. 
Mr.  Chambbrl AINU'S  magnificent  un- 
dertaking is  to  be  completed    in    two 
numbers  more :  the  engravings  areexecut- 
rd  by  that  very  eminent  artiil  Barto* 
tozzi^  as  are  thoile  of  the  following 
urork,  publifhed  alfo  by  Mr.  Chamber-. 
L  A I N  E ,  namely    "  Imifatians  of  original 
Dfjignsf  by  Lionard9  ^  Vimi*"^    A  more 
acceptable  prefent  can  fcarccly  be  offered 
to  the  jpubh'c,  than  a  colleftioh  of  imita- 
tion^  trom  that  wonderful  mafteri    the 
curlcus  and  valuable  volume  of  the  ori-* 
jjjn^ls — of  .thirteen,  the  only  one  in  this 
kiugjom — ^was  difcqvcjred  foon  after  his 
prelent  majefty's  accelHoQ,.  in  the  fame, 
cabinet  when;in  ouccn  Caroline  found  the 
portraits  by  Holbein.     The  Iiibjc(5bs  of 
thefe  drawings,  one  number  only  of  which 
ba&  yet  appeared,  are  mifcellaneous ;  fuch 
IS  portj-aits,  dngle  iirures,  tilting,  horfes, 
Swc.  botany,  pcrfpeftive,  gunnery,  optics, 
hydraulics,  mecnanics,    and  very  accu- 
rate delineations,  with  a  moft  I'pirited  pen 
3f  a  variety  of  anatomical  fubjefts.    An 
jfef^I  little  tra£l  has  been  publi/heden- 
iticd  **  A  neiu  ^Treutifi  OH  tlmxjer  Pidnt- 
^,  * '  contaimngy  with  otkei*  matter,difeC'* 
ion»  how  ^o  mix-i^ai^ui  U&tf  #  it  is  ift- 


497 

troduflory  to  a  work,  intended  to  be  pub* 
liflicd'in  numbers,  which  is  to  cozuaiu. 
coloured  iketches  of  Aowers.  Mr.  Ire- 
land's **  Pi3urefque.Fie*wsoutbe  Ryver 
Wye^  from  itsfowrce  at  PlinJimmon  HiU  to  rtr 
jwt^iion  iviib  tbe  Severn, bela^Cbep^yu/r 
by  no  means  difcredit  the  repiuatipi^ 
which  he  has  already  acquired  as  a» 
draught  fman. 

Eastern  Literature.^ 

Major  O  u  5  E  L  E  Y '  s  *  *  Oriental  CoIle<3ions,^* 
which  was  mentioned  in  our  lift  retrofpe^ 
as  air  incipient  work,  we  are  /brry  to  u|i-. 
derftand,  is  given  up  for.  want  of  patro-. 
nage!  the  circum'ilance  is  to  bedotibij 
regretted,  as  the  lalt  lix  months  have  af- 
forded but  one  fplitaiy  publication  on  tbe. 
fu bje6l  of  oriental  letters  I  This  is  a  fmall 
trail  in  two  parts,  by  the  author  of 
"  Mian  Antiquities f^*  entitled  "  Sanfcrii, 
Fragments^'''  5fc.  In  the  fir  ft'  part,  Mr.. 
Maurice  vindicates  lumfelf  from  the 
cenfurc,  that  his  Indian  hiflory  and  An- 
tiquities are  written  under  the  influence- 
of  a  particulai'  fyltem :  this  fyftem,  he 
obferves,  as  the  Cbrijlian  ReisgioHy  <<a 
fyftem  founded  on  the  bails  of  incontip^ 
.  vertible  fa^l,  and  fuoported  by  concurrent: 
teftimonies/*  In  tins  tra£i,  he  concludes 
hts  arguments  relative  to  the  Hindoo  ^<e., 
cof-ds,  which  in  fume  points  have  been ,fup« . 
pgfed  to  militate  againft  the  Mofaic  ac-  • 
counts ;  **  with  refpeft  to  the  Hindoos/* 
fays  Mr.  M.  <*  as  it  <ioe«  by  no  means- 
appeal-  to  me,  that  they  ever  were  ac- 
quainted with  the  Moiaic  writings,  they . 
cpuUl  not  po/Iibly  h^s%  obtained  dke 
knowledge  of  the  great  events  deicribcd 
in  their  allegorical  kgcnds,  but  through 
the  inedium  of  traditions,  pi-el^ed  wi(h« 
more  of  iefs  accuracy  iij  the  principar 
bjaipches  of  the  firtt  great /a(9ily  after  t^e 
deluge. .  Tu  fuppoic,  that  Mules  derived 
his  information  from  the  Indian  books 
through  an  Egyptian  chajmcl,  as  has 
been  loudly  and  ItpeateJly  alllrted  by oqr 
f<:eptical  oppontr.ts,  is  the  quinttfltijcc  of 
abiurdity.''*  The  ftcond  part  is  drawn 
from  the  fame  materials,  with  ^neral  . 
Vallancey's  publication,  (which  we 
have  already  noticed  under  the  depart- 
ment of  History)  and  contains  the  no- 
tice of  a  Bramin  colony  in  tbe  Britifli 
idands. 

Mathematics  and  Astroxomt. 

An  Engliih  trandation  has.appcaitd 
in  two  o<Slayo  volumes,  of  the  celebrate^ 
Leonard  Eulcr's  **  Elements  of  A^ebra-^^'' 
one  of  the  moft  explicit  trcatifts  on  thefub^ 
jeA  extant.  This  work  is  em  iched  with  • 
the  critical  and  hiftorical  notes  of  M« 
B^jRlioVLLl,and  withelaborete  additions 
byM.DSX,AGAA:f<3£.  ^ikeC^linMsc- . 


44» 


Half'jearlf  Rgtn^pea  tfMrififi  liferatvrr. 


htam^  Eukr  %ra«  totally  Mind  at  the 
fine  be  eonnoied  this  wmk,  one  of  the 
lad  of  his  hhowY;  it  was  written  dowa 
br  the  ierrant  to  whom  he  dilated  it. 
The  fimpUcitj,  and  the  luminoos  arrange. 
■Kiir  ot  thcte  elcroents,  rcndct*  then  of 
^KakvlaUe  utifitj  to  jtinicr  algebraic 
fcdeots.  The  application  of  femaJe  ta- 
)enu  to  littfaiT  inqairies,  has  been  by 
fax  more  general  so  our  own  times  than  in 
any  fonncr  period^  but  ercn  in  our 
•wn  times,  there  hare  been  but  few 
ladies,  whofe  attention  has  been  devoted 
to  the  abftmfer  Terences.  Mrs.  Ma  RCA- 
JIET  Br  YAH,  of  Margate,however,  whofe 
honourable  ocmpation  is  that  of  a  fchool 
mkkxrht  bas  publtflied  **  A  coinpendkut 
Mem  of  Aftnuemff  hi  a  cmtrfe  of  ramRar 
tiSures^  in  ordo-  to  facilitate  the  ftudy 
of  that  foblime  fcience,  and  render  it  in- 
fereftmg  to  young  perfons :  ibe  icems  to 
be  well  acquainted  with  her  fubjeA,  and 
is  very  fuccefsful  in  ber  mode  of  commu- 
nication. It  is  an  additianal,  and  very 
ftrong  reconnncndation  of  this  work,  that 
its  various  digrdGons^  ariiing,  indeed, 
BatupallY  finom  the  lubje£(,  have  a  moral 
and  religious  tendency;  ther  contain 
aaany  b^tifol  and  elemed  ftutiments, 
and  continually  lead  the  mind  from  con- 
tcmj^ting  the  works  of  nature,  to  a  con- 
'templation  of  their  omnipotent  and  per- 
iedly  benevolent  Creator.  It  is  much  to 
be  wiihed,  that  Mrs.  B.  could  aiFord  a 
cheaper  edition  of  this  ufef^il  work ;  the 
prefent  is  feven-and-twcnty  (hillings. 

It  is  not  Airprifingy  that  at  a  period  of 
fttch  terrible  and  exMded  warfare  as  the 
prelcnty  fome  few  works  fhould  have  ap- 
peared OB  the  deftniftive  fclence  of 
Tactics. 

KiCHARd  Oswald  MasoHj  Cfq.  has 
publiihed  a  pamphlet  entitled  *'  fro  oris 
*t  Fms  J**  the  object  of  it  is,  to  recbm* 
mend  the  revival  of  the  long  bOw  and  the 
pike  in  militarv  operations.  It  muft  be  ac- 
knowledged, diat  Mr.  Mason  has  offered 
ibme  powerful  reafons  for  his  recommen- 
dation t  the  fuccefs  of  all  our  ancient 
atchicvemepts  on  the  continent  of  France^ 
is  attributed  to  the  ufe  of  the  long  bow, 
vi4iich,  as  for  a  nation,  we  are  admirably 
fitted,  on  account  of  our  fize  and  mufcu- 
lar  ftrength.  The  comparative  inefficacy 
of  modem  mufquetry,  and  its  confequent 
iCtpeneey  may  be  judged  of,  fays  our 
author,  by  a  ftatemeitt  of  Marfhal  Count 
Save,  in  his  Memoirs,  that  on  a  computa- 
tion of  the  balls  ufed  in  a  day's  a6Vion,  not 
one  of  upwards  of  eighty  fi^  took  place. 
At  the  battle  of  Tournay,  in  1794.,  Mr. 
M.  fuppofes  that  128  balls  dil'abled  onlj 
«•  objefti  *<At  A^fncotrrt,  one  dii* 


charge  01  the  archers  mdcf  the  Dnxff 
of  York  uvuthitw  a^oo  men  at  arms  at 
the  onlet  of  the  battle,  fb  conqnerbg  a 
weapon  was  the  bow,  that  the  enemy 
could  fcarctly  either  fight  or  fly  i  lb  that 
befides  the  carnage,  the  Eng^ilh  have 
taken  priluocrs,  as  at  Pottios,  double  the 
number  of  their  whole  anny*."  «  fbt 
EUmeidj  .  eaJ  FraSice  of  rigptsg  and 
fiamamfiaf^  Wm^euJmA  EmgravingSf*^ 
is  a  work  ofgrcat  merit  and  utaiity. 
The  ancnjrroous  author  gives  maAy  judi- 
cious inftni^ions  to  the  (hip  builder,  the 
rigger,  and  the  iailor  |  he  has  divided  his^ 
work  into  ieveral  heads,  under  each  of 
which  is  given  a  vocabulary  of  terms  em- 
ployed in  that  particular  branch.  Mr. 
Gaubli*s<'  EJfniOKfheSfrremihUJes 
•fC§mmamcamm  fj  Stsmeli^  is  an  inter- 
efting  publication:  it  is  accompanied 
with  neat  and  well  executed  plates,  asd 
contains  a  clear  and  intelligible  <*  hifisry 
tf  the  progi'^gkfi  imprpvematts  im  this  eri^ 
Jrom  thifrfi  accutut  of  heacoMS  to  tie  ks^ 
itpprvvtd  Mitbods  tftdegraf^  Cfrre^onJ* 
fmrr 

Jjtt  Of  torn  (nst  attettdon  to  the  peace- 
ful arts  of 

AGRICULTURE  AND  HUSBAffDRT. 

The  board  proceeds  in  collef^ii^  a  vaft 
mafs  of  information  on  the  prelent  flate 
of  agriculture  in  this  kii^pdom,  by  em- 
nlcmng  gentlemen  of  refpeftabk  taknts 
m  iurreys  of  the  different  counties:  Mr. 
BiLLiNasLET  has  drawn  up,  for  the 
coniideratlonof  the  board,  bis  ^Cener^d 
View  tfthi  Coutitj  ^  Somtrftt^  vMb  05- 
fervations  sm  Ae  Means  of  lis  Im^ove- 
ment/*  Mr.  B.  has  -nerforraed  his  taik 
with  mat  induffry  and  ability  $  it  is,  on 
the  whole,  one  of  the  moft  judicious  anj 
fcientific  reports  that  have  come  under 
our  obfervation.  All  the  fxirveys  are 
drawn  up  in  conformity  to  one  fingle  mo- 
del, by  which  means,  when  thty  arc  com- 
pleted, an  abffra£^  of  the  whole  can  mere 
eafily  be  made :  thisabdrad,  which  it  Is 
expcAed  will  hot  exceed  tv»o  or  thnrc 
quarto  volumes,  is  to  be  laid  before  his 
majeftyand  both  houfes  of  parliamest; 
after  which,  a  general  r»ort  is  to  be 
made  on  the  prtfcnt  ftate  ot  the  country, 
and  on  the  heft  means  for  its  improve- 
mcnf .  It  is  ardcntlv  to  be  hc^ed,  that 
the  new  president  will  exert  himlclf  with 
more  ferfevering  aeal  than  the  farmer— 
who  is,  notwithftanding,  on  many  ac- 
counts, entitled  to  the  greateft  praift— 
in  this  cauie  a  general  endofuie  i  to  which 

'■  ■  ■  ■  n  I       ■    I.      w      I 

#  See  ps|t  SH  sf  this  v^aae  of  the 
Muibly  MwslRa. 


HalfyMrfy  RttrejftO  ef  Sritijh  Littrw^tn. 


499 


liotiM  be  Mided,  as  object  •Hc%Ttt\f  in* 
t'rrior    importancei     the    annihiUttion    tf 
tylhes  and  entaihn     The  firft  volume  has 
appeared    of    <<  CommUHtctiUo'ns  to    tbg 
Board  of  Agriculture,  on  Suhjrffj  reiaii*i*f 
to  the  Uujbafidry  and  interatU  Improvemitit 
s/fbe  Country  j''  as  to  the  cpntents  of  this 
volume,  no  TinaU  ihare  of  it  is  employed 
in  the  narrative  of  Sir  John  Sinclair'* 
|K>IItical  lifer,  written  by  himfclr.  A  map 
ofhii  Travtrlsc  through  Europe  accompa- 
nies this  biography,  and  an  abftraft  i« 
aiidcii,  which  informs  us,  that  the  whole 
of  his  journey  amounted  to  7500  miles; 
which   were  completed  in  about   ievcn 
montiis  and  a  half:    and  eonTcquemlyy 
that  he  muft  have  travelled  at  the  rate  of 
thirty-three  miles  a  day  II I    Sir  JOHM 
\n&  a  very  high  opini#n  of  the  agricul- 
ture of  Great  Britain  j  he  conceives,  in- 
deed,  that  were  all  the  information  which 
ive  polTcfs  on  the  fubjeA,  to  be  colleAed 
and  fyftematized,  it  would  approach  very 
nearly  to  perft-ilion.  Many  of  the  commu- 
11  teat  ions  contained  in  this  volume^  afford 
very  ulefiil  hints  on  a  variety  of  fubjefts. 
Lord  V/iNCHELSEA,  of  whom,  on  one 
:.ccounc,  we  have  already  made  honour- 
th\t  mention,  has  an  excellent   paper  in 
this  volume,  on  cottages :    the  fame  pa- 
triotifm,  which  we  before  remarked,  ihines 
confpicuoufly  on  the    prefent    occalion. 
The  eighth  volume  has  lately  appeared^ 
of  the    ^^Baih  Siiiety   Papers^  which, 
like  all  the  others,  contains  a  girat  va- 
riety of  articles,  and,  of  courfe,  articles 
of  very  unequal  merit.     Mr.  Kkight,  a 
gentleman  of  acute  obftrrvation  and  culti- 
vated taftc,  haspubliflicd  ^^  A  Treafifi  on 
ibt  Culture  of  the  Apple  and  Pear,  and  on 
the  Miinnfa^ure  of  Cyder  and  Perry  j  * '  Mr, 
Kn^ICht  forms  a  difputahle,  though  in- 
jjiniouR   hypothcfis,  namely,    ihat   fruit 
frees  gradually  degenerate  by  age  beyond 
a  certain  periodi  and   finally  lofe   their 
jrincipal   difcriminative   qualities :    and 
that  this  defeneration  affefls  not  merely 
the  parent  tree,  but  extends  to  all  plants, 
which,  by  whatever  means,  have  been  pro- 
pagated from  it.     He  argv.es  on  the  idea, 
that  all  plants  of  this   i'pecies,  however 
propagated  from  the  fame  ftock,  •*  par- 
take in  fome  degree  of  the  fame  Hfe,  and 
will  attend  it  in  the  habits  of  their  youth, 
their  maturity,  and  decay ;  though  ihey 
will  not  be  any  way  affected  by  any  in- 
cidental  injuries  which  the  parent   tree 
may  fuftain  after  they  are  detached  from 
It.*'     The  fuccefsful  experimer.ts  of  Mr. 
FoRSVTH,  in  the  garden  at  Kenfington, 
•n  the  recovery  of  dilcafed  and  ngcd  trees, 
feem  to  milttetc  againft  the  folidtty  of 
$upp.  Monthly  Mag.  No,  xxxiu. 


Mr.  KKfoirr'rhypotliefit,  ^r.  K.  re* 

latet  fome  eurious  experiments,  illttftrtt* 
iag  the  efTe^s  of  toipreffnatiag  bloflbo&t 
with  a  ibretgo  farina,  the  proper  anthe* 
r»  having  b«cn  tleftroyed  before  their  mt^ 
turity;  iome  beaotifuf  varieties  were  pr(>* 
fkiced  by  this  adulterous  connection. 
The  prefeot  treatile,  diffidently  offered 
as  an  initiatory  effay,  it  an  elegant  and 
fcientific  performance. 

Df.  Pallas's  *'. Account ff  ibedifir^ 
ent  Kinds  of  Sbetp  found  m  the  Ruffian  D^ 
minions  tend  amoftg  the  Tartar  Hordes  of 
Afia;^  has  been  tranflated  by  Dr.  An- 
DHRSUK :  the  work  is  illuftrated  with  X\x 
-plates,  and 'five  appendixes  are  added  by 
Dr.  A.  tending  to  iliuftrate  the  natural 
and  oeconomical  hiftoryof  (heep  and  other 
domeftic  animals.  The  lirft  appendix  re- 
fers to  Ihnits  between  fpecie«  and  vjk 
rieties ;  the  fecond  tmts  on  the  effcfts  of 
climate,  in  altering  the  wool  of  (heep's 
•the  thitii  relpe^ls  the  changes  product 
on  animals  by  food  and  management;  the 
fourth  contain!  an  account  of  the  fiir- 
bearing  animals ;  and  the  fifth  offers  many 
judicious  and  ufeful  directions  for  choofing 
iheep.  Sir  John  Akstruther's  "  K^ 
marks  tm  IMll  Hnfho/ndry,^"  have  many 
of  them  been  publilhed  m  the  **  Bath  So* 
ciety  Papers,*'' 

LAW. 

Unrler  this  head  we  have  had  but  ftw 
works  to  notice:  Mr.  St MON  Phaser  ^ 
has  publifhed  a  new  edition  (the  fixth)  of 
*«  *Burn"s  Ecc^ftaftical  Law,**  and  hat 
enriched  ^t  with  many  valuable  notes,  and 
with  the  infertion  of  many  modem  deci- 
fions;  inftead  of  contenting  hirofelfwith 
barren  references,  he  has  undergone  the 
labour  of  making  abftrafts  of  cafes,  and 
has  illuftrated  the  pohits  of  coincidence 
and  oppofition  to  tne  fubjeft  in  debate. 
In  Mr.  Oan's  "  Effay  on  tbe  La^  of 
Uft/ry,"*  is  contained  a  brief  hiftory  of 
the  laws  which  relate  to  it ;  he  points  out 
wliat  contra*£>s  come  under  the  denomi* 
nation  of  u furies,  and  how  far  ufury  af- 
fe6^s  the  validity  of  the  contra^ :  Mr. 
pLOWDfN's  moi-c  copious' work  on  this 
fubjcft,  was  mentioned  in  our  laft  retro- 
fpea.  Mr.  Gwillim's  edition  of  Ba- 
con's "  Ahridfrement  of  tbe  Law,  cor* 
r filed, imth  confhierahle  Addilioni,  including 
the  latcft  Authorities,*"  is  executed  witj 
great  fidelity  nnd  judgment.  Mr.  P.  B. 
Cross's  «  Vie-w  of  the  PfaBical  Benefit 
of  the  Latvs  and  Conft'tttttion  tfBngldnd^* 
is  rather  an  hiltorical  ti-aft,  in  which  th^ 
mealures  which  th**  legiflature  has  addpted 
at  various  timc«  for  the  fecurity  of^'our 
Kfc,  liberty^  and  propaty,  art  cnunwr- 

3T  »tcd 


Soa 


tfalfyearly  RitrofpiH  of  Britljb  LiUrature. 


9$9A:'  It  is  but  Juftice  to  add,  4hat  Mr. 
Cross  is  highly  delighted  wlih  his  own 

ic  found  iiiMr.  Hutch E&oN's  **  Tr^^- 
i§/2r  (?»  £xd/e  oftd^i  tarn  Information ^  as 
Jhty  relate  to  Summery  fr^^uJi.rgs.  btj\r€ 
Jujiiccs  cf  the  teacc^"  wluch  raay  net  he 
^foundin  iiuin;  the  index  to  ail  the  cxciic 
a^s  oi  p'diiiaircnt,  is  ccnccily  and  a'jly 
executed.  Mr.  Charlls  V/.\ti:i.\s,  al- 
.ready  known  to  the  public  l,y  one  cr  t-o 

?rotcirionaI  publications,  has  vviLuen  **  A 
'reatij'e cnCopykOidi/"  A  I'ubjtd  of  more 
.dii&cui!  elucidation  cr^uid  Icaiccly  have 
,bcen  i'cle(5l«id;  Mr.  Watkins,  however, 
kas  bcco  extremely  luccel&tul,  lb  t;ir  ns  he 
kas  olrcaly  proceeded:  the  fiiit  volume 
only  ha»  yet  been  publ  Hied  j  anothtru'iil 
complete  the  work.  Mr.  ANSTiiUTHiiR 
has  publilhed  the  third,  and,  io  tar  as 
himrelt  is  concerned,  concluding  Vi.Iunie 
of  his  "  Rtforts  tfCafcs  orgucJandiLtt  r- 
Wi'iHfdiu  tbt  Co.  r.  f  tychi^iur.frojn  Mub, 
T[irm  35  Geo.  UL  to  liiiHy  J^r:n  37 
Ct;Q,lU.bolhinliJiJe\^  we  have  r.albn 
to  btiievc,  ijiat  this  I'Teful  woik  will  be 
coniinu'.d  by  fome  other  hand.  l\vo 
genilemen,  Mr.  BosASquCT,  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  and  Mr.  Puller,  cf  the 
Inn<'r  Temple,  have  pubiinied  ^^  Rt ports 
tf  Cafes^""  6cc.  in  the  courts  of  Common 
ric;i8  and  Exchequer  Chambers,  in  Eafrtr 
aii.H  Trinity  term3,/^37  Geo.  III.  1797. 
This  fpccimen  is  favourable  10  their  m- 
dudry  and  laltnts.  Mr.  Marriot's 
*'  AVx/J  Lanv,  Dicii'itiuryy"  is  ur.douhtcilly 
a  ufefui  work,  ami  may  be  coni';iU<d  with 
ac.varit:ige  by  jnsglftrates  as  wtli  as  pro- 
fe.icd  lawyers;  wh'jn  Mr.  M.  lb.:cs  that 
his  di(5iiouaiy  coiuprehcnds  a  gcneial 
abridgement  of  the  law,  on  a  more  exten- 
sive plan  than  has  hitherto  been  attempt- 
ed, he  exceeds  the  bounds  both  of  mo- 
defty  and  truth.  .Mr.  Smll's  **  CornpUte 
Co^le:.iton  rf  /ihfiraSis  rf  Acls  of  Parliament, 
arid  Cafe Sy  ^zvah  Opimc."::  (f  the  fuJgei,^^ 
on  a  vailety  of  taxes,  is  a  bock  of  very 
fonvv-nient  and  ultlul  reference:  the  ab- 
f  ratili  apptar  to  be  ma^c  with  judgment 
and  with  accuracy.  It  is  Uattd  in  the 
^verrilcmtnt  to  a  pamphlet,  intitled 
"  CotifiiUraitQns  on  the  Ad'uajitaFCs  and 
Difad'vantages  <itt€i:d\ng  ConwiijKcns  of 
B-^nkntptcy^"'  &c.  that  the  profit*  oi  tlie 
xWwTk  •*  are  intended  to  be  given  to  that 
humane  institution,  the  Socuty  fzr  tkc  Re- 
bef  of  Pfrfam  imprifcned for  SruiU Debts :"* 
wjth  lb  liidablc  an  objt<5l  on  the  part  of 
the  author,,  we  hojjc  tiic  work  will  felL 
irs  contents  are  not  of  a  natuiij  to  iniure 
a  vrry  extended  circulation ;  the  legal 
i«iii'.4J-;nccs  of  a  coa»uf5on,  Uowcrcr, 


both  to  a  creditor  and  debtor,  ait  ftated 
with  falmefs  and  precifion. 
MEDXClNb,    PHVSIOLOGY,    ANATOMY, 
AND   SURGERY. 

Dr.  Curriers  «<  Msdical  Reports  ca  tht 
Effeds  of  Wilier  J  cold  or  ^-^irrn,  as  a  Re- 
jr.cdy  in  F<r;er  and  febrile  Difafi^^  ^z, 
is  a  wcik  cf  uncommon  impotiancc) 
thit  its  ufcfulnefs  may  be  extended  as 
widely  as  pcflible,  the  Dr.  has  fct  the 
moll  excwiicnt  example  of  cvolwl^;^  ail 
uimeceii.iiy  tecluiical  phrarec^iOjy.  VVijy 
niuil  fcltncc  be  (hrcuJed  in  a  p^::  ,  ii« 
hieroglyphic  language,  unlnrell  i^bj.  :o 
the  prr>j,„Hum  -vuigus,  w'.ii>  alwixya  c  .niu- 
tutc  the  mals  of  m^nkii:  i  ?  **  I:  were 
better,  pciha^js/'  fay*  Dr.  CL'S.cii£,**thil 
med»clne,  like  all  ether  branches  or  na- 
tural knowkiige,  were  biouglit  iiw.ii  itt 
hiding  place,  and  exhibited  in  tac  !ini- 
pllcity  of  fcicnce  and  tfic  n.'ikedrK-i^  of 
truth.  The  ddblating  ftrer  of  thr  Weft 
Indies  has  h.therto  lound  no  adc«^i:it: 
ar.t.^.gonift  ficm  among  all  tr.e  pc  v-rsof 
mwdiclue  :  t.i^  efTccis  of  mrrci.iy  hive 
tjecn  ccciGonaJly  flattering}  and  a<  the 
nitdc  acid,  in  cafes  of  luc*  and  hep'tlt «, 
has  often  been  found  a  lucr-:»nil  lublb- 
iii'e.  Dr.  C.  fugg.ftrd  to  leveral  prac. 
Utioners,  the  appllcaiiv/n  of  it  m  caius  of 
fever.  But  ablution  witli  cold  vrat-r  h-s 
been  lb  long,  and  Co  beneficially  employ- 
ed in  typhus  (die  low  contagious  tfvu), 
both  at  the  hofpital  in  Liverpool  and  in 
private  pra6licc,  among  phydciaiis  iatbat 
part  of  the  kingdom  particularly,  ihit 
Dr.  C,  who  is  "  expofed,  by  (ituation,  to 
tiie  reiterated  founds  of  deatn  from  the 
v/eltern  world,'*  determined  to  pubiiih  la 
account  of  this  fuccefsful  mode  of  ucar- 
iTient,  hoping  to  inlrodircc  an  additional 

f>ower  to  oppolc  tlie  tremendpus  j<lli- 
ence  of  a  Well  India  fever.  Dr.  C. 
has  prefcrved  a  regifter  of  a  hundred  and 
fifty-three  cafes — he  conlidered  thatir.ore 
would  be  fuperfinous — where  tl»e  cure 
was  chiefly  confitled  to  the  affuiion  ot 
cold  water.  Frelh  water,  was  firft  cm- 
ployed;  but  a  faturated  folution  of  Ita- 
fait  in  water  waa  pr^iferreil,  and  after- 
wards adopted :  In  the  firft  place,  be- 
■  caufe  falt-water  simulates  the  cutaneous 
vellels,  by  which  means  the  debllitaricg 
action  of  cold  is  probably  prevented; 
and,  fecondly,  becaufe  either  tor  the  pur- 
pofe  of  immerfion  or  affufion,  Aalt-watcr 
is  conlidcrahly  more  gratcfnl  to  the  pa- 
tient than  frelii.  We  would  gladly  cntei 
at  1  wge  Into  the  particular  merits  of  tiili 
pt-rfoimance,  which,  in  point  of  cxccuiioa 
and  utility,  merits  the  higheil  coHMpen- 
daiAOTij  but  to  analyzo  18  00  part  of  our 

pl4^ 


Half-yearly  RttrofpeSt  of  Brltijh  Literature. 


SOI 


I  plm.  It  will  not  be  thought  impeiti- 
'  jwnt,  however,  to  ftare  the  manner  in 
which  the  efFufion  of  cold  water  ought  to 
be  ulcd  in  fever :  one  exacerbation,  and  one 
I  remiflion  of  fever,  are  ufually  obfervable 
in  the  fpace  of  twenty-four  hours  ^  the 
moft  advantageous  tihie  for  affufion  is, 
nuben  the  exacerbation  is  at  its  beigbf,  or 
immediately  after  its  <Uc&natum  is  begun ; 
this  IS  ufually  in  the  evening ;  bat  the  af- 
fufion  may  be  ufed  at  any  time  of  the 
day,  ivhen  tbere  is  nofenfe  of  shillings  pre^ 
ftnt ;  tuhen  the  beat  of  tbe  furfaee  is  ftea- 
Jily  above  *wbat  is  natural  \  and  nvben 
there  is  no  general  or  profufe  perjpiration. 
An  afpernon  of  cold  water  during  the 
cold  ftaee  of  the  paroxyfm  of  fever  may 
be  fatal;  its  immediate  eifc6ls  are  a 
fulpended  refpiration,  together  with  a 
puile,  fluttering,  feeble,  and  incalculably 
xjuick :  it  fliould  never  be  reforted  to, 
therefore,  even  though  the  thermometer, 
when  applied  to  the  body,  (hould  indicate 
unufual  neat,  if  the  patient  feels  a  chilli- 
ncfs  pervade  him  j  nor  can  it  be  ufed  with 
fafety,  though  the  patient  feels  no  chiUi- 
nefs,  if  the  heat  of  the  body,  mcafurcd  by 
a  thermometer,  only  equals  the  natural  heat : 
and,  laftly,  the  ufe  of  it  is  dangerous 
when  the  body  is  under  profufe  perfpi- 
ration,  even  tnough  its  heat,  at  the  mo- 
ment of  application,  be  greater  than  the 
natural  heat ;  for  perfpiration  i«  of  itfelf 
a  cooling  procefs.  Under  thefe  reftric- 
tion*  the  affuiion  of  cold  water  nay  he 
ufed  at  any  penod  of  fever,  and  is  reme- 
dial in  a  great  variety  of  febrile  difor^ 
icTs  J  in  all  cafes,  however,  its  effefls 
^'ill  be  more  falutary  as  it  is  ufed  more 
early.  The  fame  general  rules  may  be 
adapted  for  the  ufc  of  cokl  water  in  fever, 
as  a  Jrtnky  with  thofe  for  external  appli- 
cation .  This  intereding  work  of  Dr.  C. 
is  written  with  great  perfpicuity,  ele- 
gance, and  fimplicity.  In  terras  of  com- 
mendation we  would  alfo  notice  Dr. 
Brce's  "  PraSliccd  Inquiry  on  difordered 
Rejpiration,'^  In  this  inquiry  is  exhi- 
bited a  comprehenfive  view  of  the  nu- 
tnerous  incidental  circumftances  which 
may  injurioutly  afFeft  refpiration  5  and 
cafes  of  afthma  are  includnl  tmder  a  ge- 
nei-al  propofition  of  extendve  applica- 
tion to  difeafes  of  the  lungs :  **  that  cer- 
tain inordinate  contra£(ions  of  the  re- 
fpiratory  mufcles  indicate  the  prefence  of 
a  matter  offending  the  pulmonary  organs,' 
cither  l>y  its  oppreffive  bulk,  or.  acrid 
S^ality,  or  both."  The  author  propofet 
this  as  the  moft  important  obje^  of  in- 
quiry ;  and  ^  great  part  of  his  elaborate 
Work  is  dedicated  to  the  fupport  of  this 
f  •fitiv'fi.     One  principal  iubjc^  of  the 


work  is,  that  curious  diforder  of  refpira* 
tien  called  convulfive  afthma,  in  which 
**  the  mufcles  are  contra£led  with  more 
energy  and  violence  than  in  any  other  | 
but  the  contra6lions  do  not  obey  any 
law,  nor  aifume  any  form  which  u  not 
common  to  the  extraordinary  a6^ion  of  the 
fame  mufcles  in  milder  inftancet  of  dyfp«. 
noea.**  The  cui*e  of  afthma,  acconling 
to  Dr.  Bre§,  is  to  be  attempted  in  the 
intennifEous ;  he  does  ilot  undertake  to 
conquer  the  paroxyfm  at  its  accefiion, 
unlefs  it  belong  to  the  fpecies  which  de- 
pends on  habit.  As  a  means  of  nelief, 
ne  recommends,  j^cneraUy,  naulcating 
dofes  of  Ipecacuanha^  faline,  and  bitter 
medicines  j  vinegar  ajMl  chalk,  and  ex* 
peftorants,  not  oily ;  antifpafmodics  are 
found  ufelcfs,  except  when  the  contiac- 
tioRS  depend  on  habit,  which  fnrniihes 
additional  weight  to  the  argument  againft 
Ipafmodic  conftriAion  of  the  bronchia. 
The  information  to  be  derived  from  this 
work  is  very  confiderable.  If  in  all  re- 
fpe£ls  it  is  not  fatisfa^ory,  we  mull  ac- 
knowledge the  novelty  ot  the  arrange- 
ment, and  the  difficulty  of  'the  fub^ 
which  has  never  before  had  due  at- 
tention paid  to  xt&  importance.  A 
tranllation  has  appeared  hom  the  Geri» 
man  of  Dr.  Huf£Lakd  on  "  The  Art  *f 
frefemnng  Life. "  Dr.  H .  makes  the  t.  >  I  - 
lowing  judicious  dtftin'tion  in  hi*  pre- 
face :  "  the  objcft  of  the  medieal  art,  is 
health ;  that  of  the  macrohiotic,  long  life. 
The  means  employed  in  tlie  roedScat  are 
rejrulated  according  to  the  prefent  ftatc 
oftlie  body  and  its  variations  ^  thole  of 
the  maa-obiotic  by  general  principles." 
This  ingenious  work  is  evidently  iBtei)|i- 
ed  rather  for  the  public  at  large,  than  for 
theprofeflion  in  particular:  tlie  author 
conhders  the  nature  of  lite  in  an  organiz- 
ed being ;  what  k  its  effencc,  and  what 
are  its  wants ;  he  endeavours  to  difcover 
under  what  circumftances  the  procefs  ca^  , 
be  haftened  and  (hortened,  or  retarded  and 
prolonged.  Dr.  H.  fuppofes  that  the 
duration  of  life,  will,  c^etetis  paribus ,  be 
proportionate,  i.  to  the  innate  ouantity 
of  vital  power ;  a.  to  the  greater  or  Jels 
firmnefs  of  its  organs  ;  3.  to  the  fpcedier 
or  flower  confumptiQn ;  and,  4..  to  the 
pcrfeft  or  impcrfea  reftoration,  On  each 
of  thefe  grounds  feveral  important  con- 
clufions  are  deduced,  and  rules  laid  down 
for  the  attainment  of  a  healthtui  longer 
vity.  This  work,  though  not  containing  ^ 
much  novelty  of  remark,  is  well  worth 
perufal.  Tne  fame  obfervjition  is  applU 
cable  toDr.  Beddoes'"  LeQwres^  intro^ 
duSory  to  a  Coterfe  rf  popular  InJiruSion  e» 
tb$  Conftimm  m  ifam^mcfffoffie  Hh- 


Half 'yearly  R^irofpiif  ^f  Domejllc  Literature, 


502. 

majt  Bpdy,**  The  6l]jea  here,  as  iq  the 
fonner  work,  is  todiminifli  the  nccefllty  of 
medicai  aifiitance,  by  Rrippingthc  Icience 
oi  Us  robes  of  qiiakery,  and  by  giving 
mankind  fomc  plain  and  pra^ical  infoc- 
roation  on  the  nature  of  their  own  conlH- 
tulion»  and  the  means  of  prnMniifig  its 
premature  decay.  Dr.  G  ak  tt  utt^  s  ^*  Lec- 
turej  vm  the  Prejervatioa  ofbealtbf''*  is  writ- 
ten with  the  (ame  benevolent  defign,  and 
contains  much  excellent  advice.  Not 
much  is  to  be  found  in  the  "  PraBual 
^fmpfis  of  the  Materia  Ahmentaria  and 
materia  Idedicai^  which  is  not  contained 
iti  other  treatifcs  on  the  fame  fubje^  s  an 
ample  and  ufeful  catalogue,  however,  is 

S'ven  of  alimentary  fubftances,  with  a 
icription  of  their  peculiar  qualities,  and 
the  diifitrent  modes  of  preparing  them 
for  food.  A  work  of  ingenuity  is  Dr. 
WiLLAN's  "  Difa^tkn  and  Treatment 
tf  cutaneous  DtfeafesJ'^  After  having  com- 
mented on  the  uncertainty  and  confuiion 
which  the  ancients  appeared  to  have  la- 
boured  under  in  refpcM^  to  cuticular  dif- 
eaies,  by  their  frequent  ufe  of  the  fame 
term  to  reprefent  diilerent  alFeaions,  Dr. 
W.  proceeds  to  ftatc  thr  defiderata,  which 
be  conceives  ought  to  be  attended  to; 
theft  are,  1,  «  to  fix  the  fenfe  of  the  terms 
employed  by  proper  definitions;  a,  to 
conditute  general  divifions  or  orders  of 
fhc  difeafes  from  leading  and  peculiar  cir- 
cumftances  in  their  appearance;  to 
range  tijcm  into  diftin6l  genera  ;  and  to 
defcribe  at  large  their  ffecxfU  forms  or 
varieties  ;  3f  to  clafllfy  and  give  names 
to  fuch  as  have  not  hitherto  been  fuft- 
ciently  diftinguiflied  ;  and,  4,  to  fpecify 
the  mode  of  treatment  for  each  difeafc." 
The  whole  of  thcfc  difeafe«.  Dr.  W. 
thinks,  are  comprehended  in  fix  pri- 
mary orders,  namely,  "  pimples,  fcales, 
raflies,  veiicles,  tubercles,  and  foots;" 
the  orders  branch  into  genepa,  Ipecies, 
and  varieties.  Whether  ai^y  obje^ions 
lie  againii  fo  formal  and  lyftcmatic  an 
anrangeinent,-we  are  incompetent  to  offirr 
an  opinion.  -In  order  to.  convey  diftin^ 
ideas  on  the  fiibjeft,  it  is  the  intention  of 
Dr.'W.  to  elucidate  evtryvgenus  by  co- 
loitfed  engravings,  reprefenting  fojne  of 
Its  moft  ftriking  vaneties.  The  prefrnt 
mtenfting  volume  contains  the  hift  oiw 
der,  namely,  <«  papulous  iruptions  on  the 
^»n,"  with  feven  coloured  plates.  In  Mr. 
Ware^s  "  ^ensarh  on  the  Bfttda  Lachy. 
J»««//'  he  defcribes  an  operation  which 
he  has  frequently  performed  with  much 
•ale  a^  Aiccefs,  a^d  which  is  conudera- 
Wy  different  from  that  in  common  ulV. 
Without  the  affiftance  of  a  plate,  the  d*. 
Icription  would  not  be  very  intelligible : 


in  this  (mail  pamphlet  Mr.  W.  has  of* 
fered  fomc  ufeful  obfcrvatioas  on  hae- 
morrhoids, and  on  the  ophthalmy.  ▲ 
\gentleman,  who  took  them  down  in  (bort- 
hand,  has  publiAied  the  **  Clinical  Uc- 
turesr  which  Dr.  Cullen  delivered 
five-and-thirty  years  ago  I  It  is  not  to 
be  expefled  that  they  fhould  contain  much 
interefting  matter^  which  has  not  long 
fmce  been  generally  known.  The  eccen- 
tric and  untenable  opinions  of  Dr.  La- 
tham, in  his  letter  addrcfied  to  Sir  G. 
Baker,  '<  On  the  Rbeumatifm  andGont,'* 
have  been  attacked  ^ith  fuccefs.  In**  Jn 
Ifayon  the  Gont;'  by  Di*.  WAins,a 
gentleman  who  has  had  the  yortesof/ ^- 
portumty  of  making  every  obfervation  be 
poifibly  could  defiie— uoon  his  own  per- 
ibn.  After  having  ftated,  at  fome  length* 
the  opinion  of  a  variety  of  authors  on  this 
fubjeft,  the  Dr.  gives  us  his  own  theory, 
which  approaches  fo  nearly  to  the  com- 
mon opinion,  that -we  are  much  more  dif- 
pofed  to  rely  ma  its  folidity,  than  confide 
in  the  fingular  and  paradoxical  hypotheiis 
of  his  opponent.  Mr.  Ca vallo,  in  his 
"  Bffay'on  the  Medicinal  Properties  ofFac^ 
titioas  Airs;'  defcribes  the  various  elaillc 
gafles  which  have  been  difcovered  by  mo- 
dem chemifls,  in  that  clear  and  philofo- 
phical  manner,  which  would  naturally  be 
expe^^ed  from  him  :  this  volume  contains 
a  valuable  Appendix  on  the  nature  %i 
blood  ;  his  account  of  the  red  globules  is 
rendered  particularly  interefting,  by  the 
numerous  experiments  and  microfcopkal 
obfervations  which  are  related.  It  is  ino- 
poiTible  to  (peak  in  terms  of  the  flightcft 
commendation  on  a  work  entitled,  "  Pkj^- 
Jiohgy  i  or  an  afUmpt  to  Expiain  the  Fnnc^ 
tions  and  Laws  of  tbe  Nervous  Svfiem;^ 
&c.  &c.  &c.  by  Dr.  Peart.  The  dif- 
guft  which  is  occafioned  bv  the  felf-con- 
ceit  of  the  Doder,  is  only  equalled  by 
that  which  every  man  mun  feel,  at  the 
contempt  with  which  the  moft  rational 
and  ingenious  theories,  on  a  varity  of 
pliilofophicalfubjeas,  are  treated.  When 
we  hear  a  writer  dogmatically  afltrt, 
**  that  the  chemical  doArines  ot  M.  ia- 
voifier,  and  tbe  elcftrical  theory  of  Dr. 
jFanklin,  are  abfurd  principles ;  and  that 
he  has  proved  tbeje  erroneous^  by  fuch  ar- 
guments as  he  "  does  not  for  a  moment 
hefitate  to  alfert^  are  abfohitely  e onclu- 
five ;"  we  rilk  but  little  in  calling  him  a 
coxcomb.  The  efpecial  obje6l  of  Mr, 
SAVUktiBZ/inliia**  New  SJUmofPi^ifitt' 
iogyi"  is,  as  he  infoinis  us  in  his  preface, 
•*  to  explore  the  nature  of  \l\t  principle  cf 
life,  and  aifert  its  power, — ^to  invrltigatc 
the  attributes  of  organizd  life,  as  ti^  m- 
ftrument  by  means  of  which  the  p^.tno- 


Half-yearly  Retrofpe^  of  Domeftic  Literature^ 


503 


niCTia  of  organic  a6^ion  are  produced,  and 
the  final  caAife  of  animated  exiflencc  at- 
t;iined  throughout  the  univerfe.*'     Upon 
thcle  curious  fubje^ls  the  author  has  be- 
ftowed  a  conlidf^ablc  degree  of  attention. 
Mr.  HUMPAGB,  in  his  '<  Pkxfi^hgical  Re- 
fforchesy"''  attempts  to  difprpve  the  modejti 
thcoiy  of  abforption,  by  a  diftincl  iyttcm 
ot'vefielsy  and  lubftitutes  the  Boerhaavian 
do^rine  of  a  fubordinate  feries,  too  fmali 
to  admit  the  red  globules.     Mr.  H.  con- 
liders  the  brain  to  b«  one  large  lymphatic 
gland,  fupplyio^  nutrition  to  the  lyltem, 
and  the  cerebellum  to  b^  the  real  origin 
or  the  nerves.   Mr.  H.  if  he  has  not  fuc- 
cerded  in  flaying  the  dragon,  has,  at  ieaft, 
fhewn  c^nfidei-able  ikill  in  the  combat. 
Dr.  Hooper  has  tranliatcd  frdm  the  La- 
tin of  Mr.J.  J.  Plenck,  of  Vienna,  **  The 
Hygrokgy^  or  Cbemco-phjfiologicalDoffrine 
of  tie  fJuids  of  the  human  Boify ! '  *  Readers, 
this  means,  in  pkin  words,  a  chemical 
analylis  of  the  fluids  and  humours  of  the 
human  fyfteni.    Some  farther  explanition 
of  the  lubje6l  is  announced :  the  annun- 
ciation is  not  unneceflTary  j  fr/r  the  ulls  to 
which  this  analyfis  may  be  applied  aitr  not 
▼ery  obvious.  Dr.  Hooper's  tranflation 
ot  this  work  is  by  no  means  faultlefs  :   it 
i»   ibraetime:»  abiblutely   unintelligible ; 
which,  however,  may,  in  fomc  inftances, 
pcfiiaps,  be  the  cafe  with  its  original.  Mr. 
JojIn  BtLL  has  publilhed  the  fccond  vo- 
vojume  of  his  "  Anatomy  of  the  human 
Hojy.'^     In  this  Volume  are  given,  with 
tile  fame  cleaitieis   and  precifion  which 
diitinguiihetl  bis  fonner,  the  anatomy  and 
phyllology  of  the  heart  and  art.  rles :  n.uch 
»^icrul  nviter  is  introduced  on  the  nature 
of  rcfpuatioiii,  not  merely  as   it  is  per- 
f^nned  by  man,  but  by  other  animals, 
iifh  as  birds,  amphibia,  Arties,  and  in- 
li'Cts.     Tne  anatcmy  of  the  fcrtus  is  un- 
folded in  a  very  interclHnsr  manner,  to- 
gether with  the  office  of  tiie  placenta  in 
tlJc  oxydation  of  tcetal  blocd.     It  gives 
ii«>  great  pleafuie  to  obferve,  that,  liice  Dr. 
Cur  Rife,  Mr.  Bell  is  an  enemy  to  the 
ii^ht-hliic  and  unmeaning  jargon  which 
lia*  lb  long  been  the  pritle  ot  anatomifts, 
V\d  the  dil^ra*e  of  their  fcicnc^  :  *♦  it  ih 
l»'^li  time,"  fays  he,  "  to  banifh  it  from 
oui  ichools,  and  write  m.pbin  and  Jimple 
langu  ige,  intelitgible  as  weil  to  the  pu{>- 
1-'  at  large,  as  the  profelhoii  in  purticu- 
iir."     'I'hat  man  would  pL-rform  an  aol 
«t  important  fcivice   to  the  world  who 
iii^v'id  clear  away  the  rubbifn  wl:h  whlcli 
f"*"  iVienccs  of  crjcraiuiy,  Ivjrany,  cntc- 
''^•'iog.,  and  natural  hi/lory  in  v:»-n<-'r^lf 
*rc  (uiTounded  •.     Mr.  r u  R  s  s  u  l l  h as 


tranflated  from  the  Freich  of  Meflrs. 
Chopart  and  Default,  "  A  Tnatifi  tm 
Chirurgical  Difeafes,  and  on  the  Oparationt 
rcijuircd  in  tbtir  J'reatmentJ'*  So  far  as 
it  gofs,  this  work  is  ufcful. 

Mr.  JESS£  Foot's «*,Ctf)^/  oftbefuc^ 
cefsful  Praaice  of  Vrfica  Lotura  in  the 
Curfi  of  difeafid  BladJerj;'  are  certainly 
flattering  to  his  mode  of  treatment;  in 
thelc  cafes,  where  there  appears  to  have 
be^n  a  morbid  ■  irritability  and  contrac- 
'  tion  of  the  bladder,  the  plan  of  injefting 
it  with  a  decoftion  of  marfli-mallows, 
was  attended  with  fuceefs.  Mr.  Shel- 
drake's "  PraaHml  Efferf  §n  the  CAth^ 
Foot,  and  other  Dijiortions  in  the  Legs  and 
Feet  of  Children i'*  is  a  valuable  work  f. 
Mr,  S.  very  properly  advifes,  that  the 
cure  of  the  former  fliauld  be  attempted  a« 
foon  after  fiirth  as  poflible  j  the  mufclet 
will  otheiwile  improve  in  ftrcngth,  and 
the  diitortcd  bones  in  their  oflTificationi 
the  cure  will  confequently  be  more  pain- 
ful and  uncertain.  Mr.  Sheldrake's  . 
fuccefsful  treatment  in  thirty-One  cafes, 
is  attcfted  by  perfons  of  fo  much  repeata- 
bility, as  to  render  the  fadl  unqueftion- 
able. 

We  flatter  owrfelvcs,  that  few  readers  • 
will  confiderthe  Ipaceunreafbnable,  which 
we  have  allotted  to  the  retrofpeft  of  pub- 
Jications  in  the  departraeni  of  that  (cience, 
which  has  for  its  objeft  fo  grand  an  ef- 
fential  to  the  haffinefi  of  the  human  race,  ' 
as  the  health  of  the  human  fyftem.  We 
proceed  to  the  i'uhj<.£ts  of 

THEOLOOV    AND    MORALS^. 

Dr.  GEDDEsh;is  publiftied  the  fccond 
volume  of  his  new  tranrtation  of  tiie 
**  Hdly  htblei'^  the  fame  liberal  indc|Knd- 
cnt  fpjrit  which  adwrned  the  firft,  is  ob- 
fci-vable  in  the  prefent ;  the  Do£^<^r's  de- 
viations are  lo  abundjnt  from  the  accept- 
ed veiiion,  and  bis  fentinii-nts,  wherhtr 
coincident  or  in  op;torition  to  eitablliliei 
crei-db,  are  delivered  in  fo  manly,  open, 
and  una!)  a  (lied  a  m  .inner,  that  he  muft 
expert  vtry  copious  torrents  of  calumny 
aud  almfc,  from  many  a  ftupid  and  iia- 
Hgnaiit  bi5;ot  \  the  Dr.'s  opinions  on  the 
iubic't  of  Ir.ipiraticn,  will  cxpofi'  hiuj  to 
j.^Lulijr  intuit,  Mr.  Bi:Xtv)iN  has  do- 
fended    *•    "the   Iniegnty    and    Exalltn  e 

any  rcmirk-  \vhi:h  we  mi.jht  poflihly  h.»vc 
rr.ade,  on  thj  J  jgnutical  and  abofivc  bii- 
guigc  vvhlcit  occilionally  debafes  th'ii  ulehil 
worjc.  In  juilivc  to  Di.  P.  we  lolitk  onf 
rcaJerJ  to  rctcr  to  p;;ge  34S  of  the  plcleac 
volunne  of  our  .Maga  inc. 

•f-  For  an  account  of  Mr.  Khfldr^kv^s 
truit'ci,  and  four  places  Uluftratlvc  of  thur 
appIiutioHi  fee  oar  Magaxlne>  vol.  iv.  p.  2 16. 


Half-yearly  Retrofielf  of  D^mrftic  Literature. 


50+ 


of  Scripture i"  by  a  novel  interpretation 
of  the  much  conuovertcd  palTiges,  Diut. 
vii.  2.  5.  and  \x.  16,  17.  To  obviate 
the  objf<^ion«  agair.fl  the  Tcripinre^, 
arifing  from  the  inconfiltency  ol*  the  com- 
iiiiind  given  to  the  Je\v5,  **  utterly  to  de- 
ftrey  the  men,  women,  infants,  and  every 
living  creature,  of  Icven  nations,''  with 
the  <K)£lrine  of  the  goodnefs  of  God,  Mr, 
B.  coniiders,  that  the  dcftru6lion  which 
God  intends  flie  fevert  nations^ in  the  above 
command,  is  nothing  more  or  lefs,  than 
an  utt^r  dcftru^ion  of  their  civil  as  well 
as  idolatrous  conltltutions,  as  nations ; 
■ot  the  deftru6lion  of  every  **  fleeing 
father,  drooping  mother,  and  innocent 
helplefs  babe,**  but  .the  deftru(^ion  of 
tbeir  power  as  a  people.  Dr.  GtDnES 
believes  this  '*  fan^uinary  mcafurc/'  a& 
he  calls  it,  "  to  have  been  the  fabrication 
of  fome  pofterior  Jew,  to  juftify  the  cni- 
eitics  of  his  natior.."  Suiely  this  ftil^jc^l 
is  laboured  by  both  thvfe  gentlemen  un- 
neceflarily,  as  well  as  u«ratisfa£lorily : 
«k>  we  regard  it  as  inconfiflent  viith  the 
Ifoodncfs  of  God,  that  he  (h»uld  /«/^T, 
which  is  tarftamount  to  ccrmnand^  the  de- 
folating  eruptions  of  ^tna,  Stfomholl, 
and  Vduvius  ?  does  he  impede  the  de- 
ftruSive  march  of  the  plague  and  the 
iever  ?  docs  he  Aelter  the  head  "  of  every 
<lrooping  mother,  and  innocent  helplcls 
babe,*'  from  the  tempcft  and  tomado  ?  •r 
does  he  favc  .from  the  ypAvning*  earth- 
quake, *'  every  fleeing  father,"  who  im- 
plores his  protcftion?  Mr.  Benjoik's 
argument  proves  too  much,  therefore, 
nwU  ruit  fua.  The  ways  of  God  arc  in- 
fcnitable  j  and  with  fuch  an  t'vident  pre- 
ponderance of  good  around  us,  it  is  not 
for  us  to  queftion  the  univerfal  benevo- 
lence of  his  plans,  and  their  natural  ten- 
dency to  CO  operate  for  the  perfe^  feli- 
city of  the  unU'crfc.  Our  readers  all  re- 
member the  'ivhiniii^f  |>olitico-theological 
publication,  of  that  a<5live  enemy  to  fo- 
xelgn  flavery,  and  that  a»5live  friend  •© 
domcftic  coercion,  Mr.  WiLBkRFORCE. 
Mr.  Thomas  Belsham  has  publilhed 
"  A  Rrvirw  of  Mr.  Wilberforce's 
'Treatife  ;"  wherein  be  has  oppofed  found 
argument  to  empty  declamation,  and  his 
f>wn  liberal  and  enlarged  principles  of 
religion,  to  the  fe»^arian  tenets  of  his 
opponent.  Since  the  deftruftion  of  the 
Pope's  dominions  in  Italy,  th€  Rev. 
Charles  Daubeny  has  publiflied  a 
book,  for  which  his  brows  ouzht  at  lead 
to  be  graced  with  a  tiara !  This  book  is 
intitled  "  A  Guide  U)  the  Church;''  kc. 
On  the  arrogant  and  erroneous  aHumption 
that  the  church  of  Englaud  i%  the  church 


of  ,Chr»ft,  her  doctrines  are  to  be  looked 
upon  as  infallible,  and  her  ordinances  10 
be    held    inviolate  j    according   to  Mr, 
Baufeny,  that  man  is  a  bad  fuhicft 
and  a  bad  chriftian,  who  bows  not  bttore 
the  divinitv  of  hij  church:  fchifm  i«  a 
darunable  (in,  and  toleration  a  dangerous 
indulgence !    £fy5— may  all  the  curfes  of 
EmuiphuH  be  pouved  upon  the  head  of 
every  fchifmatic  and  diflenter ! — *«  For  my 
part,"  quoth  my  uncle  Toby,  **  I  couid 
not  have  a  heart  to  curie  my  dog  lb.'* 
Mr.  Daubhny,  however,  claims  a  much 
clofcr  alHnity  to  Dr.  Slop,   than   uncle 
Toby;  peace  andeccleiiaftical  impotence 
reft  with  him  !  Near  akin  to  this  chrittian 
mufti,  appears   to  be  M;-.  Jokathas 
Boucher,  who  has  given  us  *«  A  Kie^ 
of  the  Caufes  and  Confequencet  of  the  Ami- 
rican   Re'voiutioMt  in   thirteen  DifiourJfSy 
preached  in  North  America^  het^ween  tke 
years  1763  and  i775-*'     The  (amc  rant- 
ing nonfcnfc  which  tyrants  have  always 
pa-ached,  and  (laves  have  always  liileDed 
to,  about  ab(blute  and  unqualified  fub- 
miflion    to   any   eitablifhed    govemment 
whatever,  is  copioudy  interlarded  in  thefe 
pompous  pages  :  a  long  and  tirelbme  pre- 
face introduces  thefe  difcourfes,  wherein 
cver)^  one  muft  be  difgudcd  at  the  cavalier 
and  contumelious  manner,  in  which  Mr. 
Jonathan  Boucher  has  conUefienJed 
to  notice   the  works  of  thofc  *«  party 
writers,  deftitute  of  a  fpirit  of  philofo- 
phical  tnvefh'gation,"  who  have  prefuinci 
to  become  hiltorians  of  the  American  rr- 
a;o/^     How  diffeirnt  in  its  temper  and 
fpirit  from    the  two   preceding  works, 
is   J)\',  Gilbert    GEBrAR^'s    fermon 
«'  On  Indifference  luith  rejpeff  to  religisMj 
Truth,'*  preached  before,  and,  very  much 
^o  their  credit,  publiflied  by  de(ire  of,  the 
Synod  of  Aberdeen.    In  this  inoft  ewei- 
lent  fermon,  not  merely  the  right  of  pri- 
vate judgment,  but  the  duty  of  free  un- 
fettered  inquiry  is  peremptorily  infifbd 
on :  "I  would  lay  it  down  as  a  principle," 
fays  Dr.  G.  "  that  no  man,  or  no  body 
of  men,  has  a  right  to  tmpofe  upon  others, 
do6lrincs  wkofe  ti-uth  they  do  not  per- 
ceive.    It  is  impoflible  that  all  fliould  be 
of  the  fame  fcntiments,  and  never  fcerns 
to  have  been  the  defign  of  oiu*  Maker. 
He  loves  variety  in  all  his  works."*'    From 
Mr.  Pratt's  "  Projf^^s  of  a  ««c  Po- 
lyglot Bih/e,""  it  appears  that  he  has  ud- 
dertaken  a  work  of  infinite  hiagnitudc 
and  difficulty :  to  purfue  the  plan  which 
is  chalked  out,  demands  the  moft.  pro- 
ibund  and  various  knowledge,,  the  moft 
tmwearied  diligence,  and  the  moft   in- 
flexible Oddity  I  it  is  intended  to  unite 

the 


.  Half-yearly  Retrofpi6f  of  Britijh  Literafuri* 


the  Hebrew  text  of  the  Old  Tcftament 
^ith  thecominon  Englifh  tnndation,  the 
Greek  ieptuagiiit  verlion>  the  Latin  Vul- 
gate, and  the  ChaJdee  pamphrain,  tn  five 
parallel  columns  :  below  theft,  acrofy  the 
page,  is  tb  be  given  the  Samaritan  pen- 
tateuch  in  Hebrew  chara6lers ;  the  plan 
for  the  New  Teftament  is  equally  exten- 
ftve.  Dr.  HUNTINGFORD  has  publilhed 
a  Iccond  volume  of  *•  Dtfcnurfis  on  differ'-' 
ent  SubjeSls^^  the  greater  numbcrr  of 
thcfe  diicpurfes,  it  is  to  be  obferved,  have 
a  reference  te  the  political  tenets  of  the 
prclcru  day :  as  may  be  expeftetl,  they 
are  writlen  in  a  iiyle  of  claiucal  and  dig- 
niHcvi  eloquence.  An  anonymous  writer, 
of  conliderable  ability,  has  publifhed 
**  Remarks  on  Re^eLuion  and  Infidelity  i""* 
a  debating  foclety  is  imagined  at  Edin- 
burgh, in  which  a  young  infidel,  Mr. 
Goodwill,  attacks  the  commonly -received 
opinions,  but  aficr  a  fevere  conteft,  is  con. 
verted  by  a  man  of  learning  and  experi- 
ence, Mr.Chriitian.  Mr.  Bryan  son 
Bromwich,  in  his  "  Examnation  of  the 
Do>:Inmi  of  the  Church  of  Rome,V  hat 
dilphyed  grofs  ignorance  of  the  fubjc(5l 
Oil  which  he  treats,  and  the  moft  detelU- 
ble  iliiberality  in  his  manner  of  ti-eating 
it.  Dr.  G  ASKIN  has  edited  two  volumes 
of  **  Sermons,  ftrcacbed  to  Furochial  Ccn- 
gregaticMSy  hy  tie  late  Rev,  Richard  Souths 
gate  j**^  to  which  is  added  a  biographical 
prctace,  by  the  editor.  Dr.  Price 
prejchcrd  his  Vtrr)*  excellent  fermon  at  the 
Old  Jewry,  on  the  centenary  of  the  Re- 
volution cf  1688  ;  the  whole  (^hurch  was 
indignant  at  the  impiety  of  mingling  po- 
litics with  reiiti^ion,  and  pre?-ching  the 
principles  of  liberty  from  thj  pulpit; 
iincc  his  time,  however,  we  have  had  in- 
numerable opportunities  of  obferving, 
that  the  Dr.'s  example,  if  not  of  preach- 
ing the  principles  of  liber  1y  from  the  pul- 
t,  at  leait  of  mingling  politics  with  re- 
ip;ion,  has  been  followed  by  th^fe  who 
moft  loudly  oppofed  it.  Mr.  Southgate's 
fennons  abound  with  politicr^l  allu lions  : 
in  one  inftance  (vol.  ii.  p.  334^.)  the  ac- 
uittalof  Mcflra.  Hardy,  Thelwall, 
cc.  is  adverted  to  with  regret,  and  the 
criminal  acclamations  of  the  populace 
with  fcverity.  Mr.  Southgate's  fermons 
contain  much  good  fenfe,  and  his  notions 
of  toleration  occafionally  exhibit  him  in 
an  amiable  point  of  view.  The  learned 
Dr.  Blaney's  new  tranAation  of  "  Za- 
(bariah,'''  is  accompanied  with  notes,- 
critical,  philological,  and  explanr.toiy : 
an  appendix  is  added,  in  reply  to  Dr. 
EvELEiGH,  and  a  dictation  on  Daniel 
ix.   20.. to.  the  end.    Tlie  candour  aad 


i:- 


t 


50$ 


liberality  which  Dr.  Blanby  oppolet  t* 
the  intemperance  and  acrimony  of  hit  . 
antsgonilis  do  him  the  grcatcil  honoxir. 
**  7hr£e  Sermons  on  a  Future  Si  ate  ^'^  by 
Dr.  Shepherd,  archdracon  of  BedfoitJ^ 
are  written  in  a  fericus  and  imprefGf* 
manner:  in  the  Hrft  difcourfc,  the  various 
arguments  are  collected  in  favpur  of  m 
futurcr  liatc :  in  the  lecond,  Is  confidcrcd, 
with  becoming  tliffidence,  the  probable 
nature  ofour-iiappinefsi  and  inthethirdj 
Dr.  Shepherd  has  ai-gued  in  favour  of 
the  opinion,  that  death  '\%  a  cbaxge  of  ex* 
iftence,  and  not  an  annihihtioa  of  it. 
Mr.  Eyre's  "  Reply  to  the  Rev.  R. 
Churton,"  is  coudufted  with  great 
ability:  Mr-^CHURTOiN-  tiad  aUacked 
the  catholic  church,  and  endeavoured  to 
eftabli(h  the  pretenlions  of  the  church  of 
England  to  an  uilinternipted  lucceflion  of 
divmely  appointed  teachers  and  prieih, 
from  the  apoftles.  A  pretenfion  fo  arro- 
gant, and  10  obvioully  untenable,  is  op- 
potcd  by  Mr.  Eyre,  who  has  Ihown  him- 
lelf  to  be  a  very  powerful  polemic.  Mr« 
Simpson's  *<  Thougbtj  on  the  t^ovehy^ 
Excellenrfy  and  Evidence  of  the  ChrljiCm 
RtHgion^^^  is  an  elegant  performance. 

An  enumeration  of  all  the  tingle  fer- 
mons which  have  been  publifhed  in  the 
courfe  of  the  la{l  (ix  months,  wouiu  oc- 
cupy a  great  deal  ir.ore  room  than  moft  of 
our  readers  would  think  tieceflfary  to  de- 
vote  to  the  fubjcft :  to  fclcil  a  few  of  the 
heft,  and  a  few  of  the  worft,  will  I^  anw 
ply  fufficieni.  We  fcarcly  ever  pcnifcj 
a  lermon  with  more  pleafure,  tiian  Mr, 
Archard's  **  PhVnfirpbical  Difcottrfe  cm 
Providcme :  addrejfcd  to  the  Modern  Pbim 
Icjopliers  of  Great'  Britain  i^"  the  diffi- 
culties of  dlfcuOing  the  qveition  of  « 
moral  providence  upon  philofophical  prin- 
ciples, are  ibted  with  unufual  energy  and 
acutenefs  j  and  the  impotence  of  Iblitai-y 
unafTuled  rcafon  to  di. cover  the  moral 
government  and  providence  cf  God,  it 
illuftratcd  in  a  ftrain  of  impreflive  elo- 
quence. Amopg  the  many  fermons,  pi-each- 
ed  on  the  general  ihankfgiving  day  (Dec. 
19,  1797),  that  deli veied  before  his  ma- 
jefty  at  St.  Paul's,  by  the  learned  BiOiop 
of  Lincoln,  mult  not  bcforgoticn.  Tbi 
reverend  prchte  feems  proud  of  tlie  hu'^ 
miUty  of  his  fellow-countrymen  :  **  whiie 
our  enemies,  *  fays  he,  *»  have  infultoi 
the  mnjcfty  of  heaven,  wc  have  humbled 
ourfdvcs  before  our  Gcd,  and  acknow-- 
1  edged  our  tranfgi'eflions.'*  The  humi- 
lity of  a  royal  proceflion  to  St.  Paul's, 
where  ten  thoufand  diamond*  fparkled  ?m 
the. fun,  and  each  fair  damfrl  vied  with 
her  rival  ncighboui*  in  the  collHnefs,   tl.c 

pioiWioA 


5o6 


Half-yinrfy  Ritr^/^  tf  Britifi)  LUiratttn. 


S 


iVoAificii  ifi^  the  elegance  of  her  orm* 
stents,  U  truly  edifying*  1  "  while  they 
(our  coeRucft)  have  impionfly  dented  hts 
tU-controiUng  power,  we  hate  prayed 
unto  the  X«ord  to  give  wifdom  to  our 
soiincila,  fuccefs  t9  our  arm,  and  ftcadi- 
mth  to  our  peopk  i  and  he  has  heard  m." 
yhe  bi^fapp  then  proceeds,  in  a  ftrain  of 
appropriate /tfly,  to  infoim  hit  audience, 
that  our  conqucfta  are  exteniire  5  that  our 
lleeta  have  been  triumphant  beyond  the 
-voaft  of  former  timea  j  that  Lord  Vvn* 
CAW  is  not  oniy  a  good  officer,  but  a  very 
^loua  man ;  and  that  hiftory  will  cele- 
Wate  the  glory  of  our  navy,  and  thfc 
Ipfesdour  of  diofe  particular  achieve- 
exrtat  which  are  the  lubjefl  of  hit  patio- 
Tic.  Another  dignitary  of  the  church,  , 
eRev.  £DMUifi>  Poulter,  preben- 
dary of  Winchcftcr,  preached  a  lermon, 
at  the  cathedral  of  that  place^  of  which 
^t  really  regret  that  we  cannot  girc  our 
Itadera  a  fpccimen ;  a  flwrt  fpecimen,  too, 
^POttld  be  fufficicnt,  for 
Soch  tahoored  nothings  in  fo  fttange  a  ftyte 
iU&ase  the  ankara*d,  and  make  the  karncd 
fmilc. 

Mr.  Hewlet's  difcourfe  on  the  "  />»- 
jf  rf  Thaftkjgk/itig,*\  is  plain  and  appro- 
priate: it  18  written  with  the  tilings  of 
a  mas,  and  in  the  language  of  a  rcncle- 
asao.  The  fame  remark,  m  a  modeiuttd 
■Kafnre,  is  applicable  to  a  fermon  of  Dr. 
WUMKHOUSE,  «  nreached  in  the  church 
of  St.  John  Baptift,  Wakefield."  The 
ftonons  of  Mr.  Lloyd,  Mr.  Clapham, 
Mr.  AcuTTER,  Mr.  Goode,  cum  mul^ 
Us  alih  mut  nunc  pcrfcrihtre  Icn^ttm  efl^ 
are  mott  of  them  political  declama- 
tioos,  rather  diftinguiflied  by  violence 
thaa  mceknefs,  by  intolerance  than 
obarity* 

An  anonym ous  writer  of  great  aaite- 
■eft  has  entered  into  "  An  ExamtKatkn  of 
the  kaJing  Principle  of  the  Netv  Syftem  of 
Morab,  aj  that  Principle  is  ftated  iHui  ap. 
fSedvt  Mr.  Godwin'/  Political  JujHce."^ 
Mr.  GoDwiN*s  morality,  or  nither  his 
aigeft  of  that  fyfiem  of  morals,  the 
foundation  of  which  was  laid  by 
Bzown,  Hume,  Helvetius,  and  Paley, 
Cfioiiils  in  making  general  utility  the  fole' 

Cinciple  of  aaion.'  «  Nothing,*'  fays 
r.  Hume,  **  can  furaifh  juft  ground  for 
moral  diftinAion  in  any  quality  or  aftion 
bit  its  beneficial   or  pernicious  tenden- 

•  No  place  fo  iacred  from  fuch  fops  it 

barr*d, 
Hot  is  Pawl's  chufch  olorc  hk  than  Pool's 

«kwch-yar4.  ]^, 


cy  t  reafen  tfiforms  tis  what  thvft  €c»« 
dencies  are."  *«  To  a  rational  being,'* 
fays  Mr.  GODWiH, -treating  of  tbefooa- 
datioii  of  virtue,  "  there  canbe  but  coe 
rule  of  condu£^,  joftice  {  and  one  mode 
of  afcertaining  that  ruhf,  the  excrcite  of 
his  underflanding.**  In  oppofitica,  it  is 
contended  by  the  author  of  this  examina- 
tion>  on  the  loHd  ground  that  tnan  is  a 
creature  of  fyropathy  (the  fouicc  whence 
all  his  moral  liediags  arife),  and  that  a 
fyftem  of  local  relations  is  the  only  cme 
adapted  to  his  nature :  it  is  contended, 
aliby  on  the  ground  of  his  otter  inabiHty 
to  purfiie  tlie  refult  of  his  aAions  to  their 
remoteft  ramifications,  that  general  good 
can  never  be  an  adequate  nM>tiv«  of  ▼!> 
gotous  aAion  \  and  that  virtue  io  not  ro 
be  defined  that  courfe  of  coiidu£^  wh^ch 
tends  to  promote  this  general  good,  but 
it  is  to  be  defined  that  courfe  the  motive 
of  which  rs  benevolence,  oxuu&*uiJiuUgcod^ 
Mr.  G.*s  antagonift  aieets  him  on  vrry 
fair  terms :  **  if,''  (ays  be,  **  the  funda* 
mental  principle  be  true,  that  niorality 
confifts  in  doine  all  the  good  we  can,  I 
admit  that  all  the  confequencrs  are  dear, 
concatenated,  and- of  an  iirelUlible  con- 
virion  :  Arachne  never  vwovc  a  jofier 
web."  This  acute  reafoi»er,  however, 
admits,  in  another  place  (aad  wkiioot 
cxpofing  him&lf  to  the  charge  of  incon> 
fiftency),  tiiot  the  end  t^  irirtae  ia  the  pe- 
neral  good.  Mr.  Godwin,  then,  <liffers 
from  him  in  the  meanc  of  attaining  this 
end :  Mr.  G.  feeks  it  at  once  and  im- 
mediately; to  the  negleft  of  thofe  do- 
meftic  endearments,  thofe  private  afiec- 
tfons  which  his  antagonift,  ia  our  opi- 
nion, very  juftly  confiders,  thotigh  in 
themfelves  as  inM^vidual  eftjofments,  to  be 
produ£live,  from  their  number  and  ex- 
tent,  of  "the  largeft  portion  of  human  fe. 
iicity  f .  Mr.  G.  has  roulcd  another 
antagonift  of  equal  ilrength  and  dexterity 
with  the  former,  Mr.  Proby,  who,  in  a 
pamphlet  intitled,  *«  Modem  PbUofifSy 
and  jfficieni  Barharifmi^  &c.  has  fuc- 
cceded  in  identifying  the  theory  of  Mr. 
Godwin  with  the  prafticcof  Lycargus. 
Mr.  ProHV,  in  very  animated  and  glow- 
ing language,  has  expofed  the  abford.  »$ 
v«!ll  as  the  dcftruftive  confequences,  w^iich 
would  refult  to  mankind,  wen*  the  mon- 
ftrotts  fyftem  of  Mr.  G.  carried  into 
full  unimpeded  effc6l.  To  fuch  readers 
as  may  have  been  feduced  by  the  iprciout 

f  Thr  author  of  this  pamphlet  may  fte 
feme  of  his  own  arguments  in  the  lourtli 
number  of  Dr.  Enfikld^s  <'  EmmrerJ"'  S^ 

A^vtllj  Mag,  VoL  I.  p.  173. 

iHuftratiens 


iliiiftratbas^of'ttaftt' writer,  it  wfio  fed 
themfeWes  emrigled  by  the  fophritry  of 
his  ai^umenti.  We  earneftty  recoitimend 
the  periifti  atid  rtie  re-pcmfarcrf'  ihcfc 
twoptnpbktt;  Dr;  OEOfiGE  Croft's 
'<  Short  Commennry,  &c.t)n  the  Moral 
Wrtrfngs^of.  Pale/  and  GilbortJC,"  is 
written  in  fd  haughty  and  'di^:Htorial  a 
ftyle,  that  tbe  majority  of  Ws  readers  will 
laugh  at  his  airs,  ^ and  delpife  his  arro. 
ganor. 

From  the  fubj^e^^s  of  Theology  and 
Morals,  w«  proceed  to  that  of  . 

MCtAPHYSICS.  '    ,      . 

The  venerable  and  Ifearncd  Lord'MoK-* 
BODDO  has  pubiifhed  a  flfth  volume  of 
his  4*Anc!eat  Metgphyfics,  containing* 
tiie  Hiftoryof  Man'  in  the  Civilized 
State."  His  iordfhip,  it  is  welFknoNvn, 
coniklers  (ociety  in  a  ftate  of  fdch  regu- 
lar, rapid,  and  prognrttive  degeneracy, 
that  a  total  aittin^tion  of  the  homan  race 
mufi'  be  Uiafpeedy  and  inevitable ronfe- 
quence :  mMW  he -regards  as  one  of  thc^ 
principat  caolesof  this  deplorable  corrdp- 
tion  i  and  England,  as  it  contains  more 
weakb  than  any  country  m- Europe,  is« 
propartionaiely  affiiaed  with  its;  conco- 
mitant caiaffiitiei^  Wee,  difeafc,  and  indi- 
gence \  •*  As  to  crimes,"  fji^s  his  lordlhTp,' 
*«  thav  abound  fd  mdeh,  that  our  gaols 
cannot  hold  our  convidls ;  and  we  are 
obUged  to  fend  out  colonies,'  fuch  as  nd 
nation  evir  Ctne  out  .before,  to  a  v^r^' 
djftant  <fountry,  rill  of  late  quite  un-' 
known  ;  to  which  they  are  tranfportcd 
AX  a  great  expcnce,  and  maintained,  when 
there,  at  a  fkill  greater:  thcfe  crimes,  it 
i«  cbfei%'ed,  and  tbe  obfervation  is  un-' 
queftionably  juft,  are  ahnoft  all  the  effects 
of  wealth."  According  to  Lord  M.  and 
here  we  heartily  agree  with  him,  the* 
Brittflk  nitioir,  whofe  humanity  and  ge- 
ncrofity*  are  fo  arrogantly  vaunted— by 
itfelfl  is  net  merely  dcgenerai'mg  at 
home,  but  it  the  caufe  of  degeneracy  and 
depopulation  abroad.  «We have dcfkroy- 
ed,**  (ays  he,  «  five  millions  of  human 
heiifga  in  the  Eaft-Indics ;  our  colonica 
in  North  America,  from  Hudfon's  Bay 
ro  Florida,  have  exterminated  the  natives 
hy  war  and  maffacre,  by  vice  and  by 
difeafe,  leaviog  no  veftiges  of  them  to  be 
feen— except  their  burial  places'"    • 

It  Is  Inconfiftent  with  the  plan  of  our 
retibfpe€t,  or  it  would  give  us  the  greateft 
pWfute,  to  zstx^Bt  a  few  paragraph*  re- 
lative to  hia  lordfhip's  management  of 
his  private  eftatc.  Suffice  it  to  fay^  tfaat» 
atin"aaysor"yorc,  many  of  his  tenants 
arn,(WA47ty  ^^Pfsra  alMe ;  «M<llf  ihc 
$bMMr;vrl«i}  pitfastta-iiiora.iihM  ^cA.  i 
MotfTHtYMAa..Ho.XX9(WI»   ) 


year,  has  thirteen  c6tt3gcrs  on. his  ftrm  tf" 
Icven  other  tenants,  each  of  whom  pof-  * 
feffes  about  three  acres  of  arable  hbd,atid 
fome  mooriih  ground  for  pafture,  pay  hit 
Iordfhip  twelve  (hillings  an  acre  for  the 
former,  and  nothing  for  the  fatter.  "  I  am  * 
pcrfuaded,"  fays  he,  »*  I  could  more  thaa 
double  the  rent  by  letting  it  off  to  one 
tenant ;  but  I  (hould  be  forfy  to  increafe 
ray  rent  by  depopulating  any  part  of  the 
country."  On  a  number  of  fmall  farms, 
tbe  rental  ofwbicb,  united^  is  vnder  tool,  m 
year^  his  lordfliip  has  contrived  to  fettle' 
and  make  comfortable  200  inbabiiantSm 
••There  are  many  proprietors,"  fays  he, 
"'  who  think  that  the  number  of  cottagers  \ 
on.  their  land  is  a  grievance,  and  they  de« 
fire  to  be  ouit  of  them  ;  but,  f<)r  my  parr, 
I'^am  fond  of  'them,  and  call  them  m> 
people ^  and  have  a  pleafure  in  numbering  ' 
them  and  feeing  them  incrfcafe,  and  am 
forry  when  any  of  them  leave  my  land.** 
Venerable  and  beloved  old  man  I  m%J 
you  live  many  years  in  the  .enjoymenc 
of  this  pleafure,  and  the  additional  on6  of 
obfcrving,  that  your  own  moft  excellent 
example  is  fjllowed  by  thoufands. 
r  'A  tranflatiqn  haa  appeared,  in  four 
voMmcs,  of  the  **  SyJIemt  de  la  Nantre.*^- 
This  fiivple  annunciation'  is  fuffi^ient* 
The  learned  Dr.  Willich  has  pub^ 
lilhcd  the  «*  Elements  of  Critical  Phi- 
lofophy,  &p."  ;  the  objeft  of  this  publi- 
cation appears  to  be  (omewhat  ftmilar  to 
a  work,  tor  which  we  are  indebted  to 
Mr.  NitschJ  intitled,  •*  An  elemenury 
View  of  ProfeCTor  Kant's  Philofophy  j^* 
every  one  who  is,  in  aay  degree,  aware 
of  the  almoft  impenetrable  tenebrity  of 
this  fyllcm,  and  the  almoft  unfathomable 
profundity  of  its  principles,  will  readily 
exonerate  us  from  the  nccclfity  of  enter* 
ing  at  large  on  the  Tubjcft.  We  procecil 
to  a  more  fafcinating  fubjef!'^ 

POLTllY. 

The  lull  re  which  lalte  and  learning 
fhcd  over  the  ••  E flay  on  the  Qenius  ana 
Writings  of  Pope,"  naturally  raifes  ouK 
expe6tations  concerning  );he  merits  o£ 
Dr.  WartOn*s  edition  of  khe  «•  Works'* 
of  that  moft  poUfhed  poet.  Dr.  W.  hat 
prefented  tbe  public  with  ^  valuable  per« 
formance^  which,  however,  contains  \eSs 
original  matter  than  was  generally  antici- 
pated :  the  forced  and  Ur.fbugm  inter* 
pretations ,  of  Warburton  are  omitted^ 
whi(e  .the  notes  and  iiluAratioos  which 
accompany  thia  edition-  are  fufficiently 
ftuoierous.  The  voice  of  the  muTes  haft 
of  late,  we  thinio,'bcen  kfs  thaa  afiially ' 
mclodieus :  ovrrveeoHoAlftii  fumiih'^'ut 
#t«h  vttf  few  rH^wical  pablfbattony  dt 
tT        ^-        ^'-       -     mefiti 


4 


Miir^iUt  9fJkmfftie  t4nr^kan.^Pmii^ 


IV 


BMrit.    Ic  k  almlb  lauiMtiwy  to 
that  the  <«  EpiftU  to  a  Friend/*  by  Mr 
Samuel  Rocsai,  author  oC  the  Plea- 
forrs  of  Memory,  it  beautiful,  intereft- 
\wgf.9nA  very  highly  poliihed.    The  fi%'e 
coocluding  caatus  of    the   ''  Hcnriade" 
are  publiflicd :  we  know  not  to  whom 
we  are  indebted  for  this  Engliih  tranila- 
tioo,  which  we  are  firongty  difpoTcd  to 
prefer,   in  point  of  elegance,  and  har- 
mony of  verAfication,  to  the  original  of 
Voltaire.    Mr.  Gisborne**  "Vales  of 
Wever"  is  a  loeo-dcfcriptive  poem,  evi- 
demly  imitated,  in  regard  to  ftyle,  from . 
Dar  wiN*s  Botanic  Garden :  fome  partt 
oF  it  are  beautiful.    Mr.  Fosbroore's 
*<  Economy  of  Monailic  Life,  as  it  exiiled 
in  England,"  is  a  poem  of  confidcrable 
i(i<rit  in  itfelf,  and  has,  moreover,  the 
eitrinfic  value  of  phtlofophical  and  arch^i- 
ot^ical     illuftrations    trom    Lyndwood, 
Dugdalc,  SeWcn,  Wilkins,  Stc.  &c.  to- 
gether with  copious  eatrsAs  from  origi- 
lul  MSS. :  it  is  yvritten  in  the  llanza  of 
Spencer.    Mr.  Cottle,  of  Cambridge, 
has  made  a  valuable  addition  to  the  lite- 
rature of  his  country,  in  a  volume  of 
««  Icelandic    Poetry :     this    gentleman 
has  tranflated  into  English    verfe  the 
Edda*  of  Sxmund.    When  the  Sdda  of 
Snorro  Sturkftqn  waa  publiihed  in  the 
'■Nonhern  Aaui|uitiea,^  about  thiny 
•  yeirs  ago,  the  compilation  of  Saemund 
was  fuppofed  to  be  loft  ^  a  MS.  collec- 
tion, however,  in  the  king  of  DeAmark|s 
library  of  mythological  odes  from  this 
£dda,  was  publiihed  at  Copenhaeen,  in 
1787.    It  is  this  coUcftion  which  Mr. 
Cottle  has   tranflated:  it  confifts  of 
twelve  poems,  all  of  which  abound  with 
imagery^  the  mod  romantic,  novel,  and 
fubtime.     J4r.   HAYtt/y's   edition    of 
MiltOB  is  completed  in  three   volumes; 
the  price  of  it  is  fifteen  guine:is.    This 
magnificent  work   it  adorned  with  the 
typographical  beauties  of  Bulmer,  and 
with  engravings    fram    the   defigns  of 
Romney  and  Weftal.     Dr.  Booker's 
f  Malvern**   i|   a  defcriptivc   pocra    of 
fome  merit:  the  Doctor 'k  talent  for  this 
fpecies  of  compoftcion  has  been  evinced 
oh  former  occaiions,' and  he  -appears  to 
hive  cultiyatc<f  it  with  confideratlc  fuc- 

**  S6me  few  fesders  m;^y  require  to  be  in- 
fbrmeii,  that  an^d^  figniHes  a.cumpilation  of 
the  fyften  of  Rimic  mytboJofy  j  in  tbe(r  Kouu 
aiUticns  were  mcorperated  nvcMroos  parti eu- 
birf  of  ScandtnaVii^  flMMiAers  and  philofophy. 
Jidr.  Mallet  fujfpofcs  the  ts^^tCt  of  thefn  ut 
^ve  baea,  the  inftniftion  of  tUofe  young 'ic^^ 
jan4ers|  ptijIcipaUy,  who.  «ntndc(i  or  deyote 
Ihenielves/to  the  pn^Mioo  of  the  fyali^  m 
mtft»s  they  contain  a  fyftcA  af  po^ci. 


ocft.    I>ff.  B/«  vBrfifitttiMi  is  iBfy  and 
elegant,  but  not  iufidcntly   aunated. 
The  Rev.  James  Moo&b,  mtAtr  of  the 
free  gfanuMr.fichooi  ia  Hertford,  has 
written,  during  his  leifure  boutti  an  epie 
poem,  in  twelve  books,  called  ''The 
Columbiad ;  or,  the  Di(coveiy  oi  Am- 
rica  and  the  Wefl-lAdies,  \n  Colnmbus :" 
a  dearer  and  a  duller  book  never  tlTued 
from  the  preft.    Mr.  Pvi's  "Nancra. 
tia,  or  Naval  Domink>n,"  is  written  with 
confiderablc   animarino;   Mr.   P.   Iode 
iince  accepted  an  office  which  impofes  on 
him  the  moft  grofs  and  f alfome  adulatioB ; 
that  the  poet-laureat  ihoukd  bare  wkn- 
umdz  few  paOages  of  fimilar  import  ia 
his  prefent  produaion,  is  not  wonderful. 
The  defign  and  eaecution  of  the  Naa* 
craija  are  crediable  id  the  poetical  u- 
lehts  of  its  author.     Mr.  Hull,  of 
Covent-garden   Theatre,    has   writtea 
fome   ''Moral  Tales,"  foanded  on  real 
events :  the  verfificaiioa  ia  fimple,  ani- 
mated,  and  eafy  >  the  jaattcr  ia  excellent. 
The  erron  of  this  work  are  trifling,  aod 
it  would  he  an  acceptable  and  a  valaabie 
prefent  to  young  perfonc  in  panicuiar. 
«}**.**.F"'"*^'  Poetical,  and  Dramatic 
Works"  of  Mr,  Joan  Pbnm,  are  pob- 
iiihed  in  two  oAavo  volttinca  $  the  fijfl 
contains  a  traaflation  of  Calfabtfi's  letter 
to  Count  Alfieri,  on  tragedy,  wjth  various 
and  learned  notes  \  the  poetical  mifcelia- 
nies  are  of  unequal  nerit^  ia  the  fccoad 
volume  is  an  art  of  Engliih  poetry,  int. 
tatfilfrom^  Hoiacc'e  eptlle  to  the  Pifos  ^ 
an   abridgment   fucceeds,    of   Milton's 
Samibn  AgoniAes,  Jonfon's  Silent  Wo- 
man, and  Voltitre'i  Seroirarots  j  all  of 
which  Mr.  P.  has  endeavoured  to  adapt 
for   the  theatre.      Many   beauties  arc 
pruned  away,  from  Samfon  Agoniftes  ia 
particular.    Mr.  SouTfiET*s  "Joan  of 
Arc,"  which,  confide  red  under  all  iu  at* 
Undanc  circumfiancaa,  is    a    weoderful 
effort  of  genius,  has  undergone  a  fevtre 
and  fcrutinizing  ravifion  ^  iu  author, 
who  has  publiflied  a  new  edition  of  it  in 
oaavo.    The  «  Obenm*'  of  Wielano 
has  been  tranflated  by  Mr«  SotB£BT: 
the  fpirit  of  the  poem  is  (aid  to  have,  ia 
fome  degree,  fuffered  by  the  too  rigid 
fidelity  >  of  the  tranflation;  thii,  how- 
ever,  will  probably  be   regarded   as  s 
venial  error,  an4  the  Engliih  public  wiil, 
doubtlefs,  cottfider  itfelf  under  ohligatioa 
to  Mr.  S.  fur  introducing  it  to  acquaiat- 
ance  with  one  of  the  mod  poliihed  epic 


.  9  The  aoerit  of  Melityb,  however,  di^tfd 
by  Br.  WiaL>c]i>-«&»  iOmliis  iSapaifh 


Vol  v.]    ttanffOl  9fDmtj^  Uurmun. 

poemt  of  modem  pwdyQioii*.  Tlie 
Rer.  Mr.  PotwBtLB  Itos  pnbltihed  a 
i«C9Dd  cditicm  of  «*The  lafltitacc  of 
Local  Attachment,"  mttch  impro?cd$ 
to  which  a  fccond  Toli^me  »  addcil  of 
mifceUanenus  poetry.  ^Thefime  author 
has  publifl|t4  the  third  part  of  an  tin^ 


execotioB ;  «4iich  latitr,  howerer*  tboiigi 
not  adequate  to  the  occafioo,  it  Vf  noa 
meant  defpkable.  Whca  the  aMmoriei 
of  Homer»  Ovid,  Liican»  Dame,   Pes 


fintihed  poem,  intitled,  <*  The  Old  Eng. 
Ulh  Gcncleoiait  <*'  the  objea  it  to  ^fWj 
the  manners  and  amofementt  of  oar  me- 
faihert.  Several  chamClert  of  this  fort 
bayc'  been  drawn  iiy  other  handt,  fqch  at 
novel-writers  and  cnayifts,  &c. :  (b  far  at 
we  may  jndge  from  the  fpecimen,  it  doea 
not  appear  that  Mr.  P.  is  likelf  to  excel 
his  precarfort.  The  childifli  forrowt 
of  Mr.  Charles  Lloyd  and  Mr. 
GHAlix.Bt  Lamb,  in  their  volvme  of 
^*  Blank  VerTe,"  are  *truly  ludicroui* 
The  ««  Vifion,**  a  poem,  on  the  union  of 
Rulfia  and  Proilia  againft  Pohmd»  with 
•Cher  pieces,  wtt  the  effufiont  of  a  jroung 
mind.  Their  merit,  in  general|  it  tiiat 
•f  mediocrity  ;  the  Vtiion  it  written  in  a 
ftrain  of  Uudable  mdiBaatton,  at  the  in? 
famous  partition  of  Poland.  Mr.  £v« 
sTACEt  **  Elegy  to  the  Memory  of  the 
Right  Hon.  Edmund  Qurke"  it  feiemn 
and  9oW9wmt  t  the  iame  m^y  be  faid 
•f  Mre.  WBfT'a  ff  fiiegy"  on  the  Oimp 
eocafion^  ^luch,  gf  the  two^  it  perhapit 
foperior«  The  f*  Poemt"  by  Mr, 
HucKs,  of  Cambridge,  dilplay  much 
fancy,  feelinff,  and  true  taftf .  The  lover  of 
Sco|cb  bitbd  wiir  be  gratified  with  a  col- 
UaioQ  whkh  htely  appeared,  of  •'  Saagt 
•f  the  Lmebiada  of  Scotland  :'*  th«y  aie 
ftated  in  tbe  tttle-page  to  have  been 
carefial^  compared  with  the  oiiginal 
editiont.  and  are  ambeUilhcd  with  fpifited 
and  chaiaJEIf  riftie  defi|nt  of  the  iageniout 
DAVf b  i^LLEV  }  the  r^ngt  of  thefe 
•  fangs,'  however,  aee  not  i^wayi  correa, 
and  the  ovtlhography  is  fometimet  faulty. 
If  Mr.  ATKintoif  hat  failed  in  fhmig 
juaice  to  the  fcenery  of  fi  ](ilUmey,'<  it 
it  perdap^'in  (bme  meafurct  beCaufe  thp 
fcdoery  of  Kiihumcy  woqid  bafle  any 
poweti^  of  dcfcription.  The  attempt  of 
Mr.  All  does  hini  credit.  Several  random 
arrows  H«v€  been  aimed  at  the  unknown 
ilttthor  of  t^e  «•  Purruira  of  Literature,'* 
whn  hat  prudently  hidden  his  ignoble' 
bead  in  ottfcunry.  The  author  of  the 
**  Progrefs  of  (atirp^-  has  drawn  his  bow 
with  the  moft  vigorous  and  manly  arm. 
Mr.  HoiiTER'l  M  Tsibwe  to  the  maties 
of  unfortunate  Poets^'  it  intereftiog,  ra- 
(her  on  account  tif  the  fubjeA  than  the 

•  An  eioeUent  and  very  caftcrtaiainB  icvkw 
ef  the  orieioal  poem  cppeafcd  In  di^apftndix  t» 
Vol.  X^ma  of  the  Monthly  Rerkw. 


trarcby  CamoeBt,  Tallb^  Cofneille,  Spen* 
fer,  Otway,  and  Gliattertont  are  to  bd 
celebrated,  we  require  the  loftieft  ftiaio 
that  elegy  admits. 

A  great  deal  of  pamphlet  poetry  hai 
appeared  of  late;  among  which  aw 
*•  The  Orove,'*  by  the  author  of  tht  Pur. 
futts  of  Literature,  who  in  this,  aa  in  hi* 
former  work,  difplavt  the  pedantrv  oC  h 
fchoolmafter,  the  vuignrity  of  a  poiflard^; 
and  the  malevolence  of  a  n.  The 
**  Druriad,"  containing  ftriduret  on  thn 
principal  performert  of  Drury-Iane; 
*'£ffiihans  of  Fancy;"  Mr*  SMiTH-a 
M  Sqtth  of  France  \*^  &c.  &c.  &c.  afanoft 
ad  imfiutmn^  Before  we  conclude  thin 
article,  we  mnft  not  omit  to  notioe  .Mr^ 
JoNBt's  «'  Hobby  Horfes/'a poem  whicb 
contains  a  flood- humoured  andtivelf  Am 
tirp  OB  the  Ufluonable  folliei  of  tHe  daf  ^ 

THE   DRAM4> 

We  are  happy  to  annoonae  the  comd 
mencement  of  **  A  Seriea  of  Plays,*.'  iH 
which  it  is  attempted  to  delineate  tha 
ftroager  pafliont  of  the  mind  t  nach  pel^ 
fion  being  the  fubjeA  of  a  tragedy  and  a 
comedv.  The  firft  volume. only  of  thie 
woiiL  Wyet  appeansd  t  itcontamt  three 

as;  love  it  the  groundwork  of  the  tWB 
J  and  in  thit  refpaft  they  diiinr  not 
from  the  generality  of  tr^gf^i^  %nd 
comedies  which  oome  befbfe  ut.  **  But 
I  have  endeavoured  in  both,"  fa^t  the 
author,  !«to  give  an  unbeoken  vicir  oC 
the  paffion  fraol  its  beginning,  and  in 
mark  it  at  I  went  akmg,  with  tMejpaca* 
liar  traitt  wl^h  diftingmfli  its  disevent 
ftagea  of  pfogreflkm.  In  geaeffnli  our 
dramatic  authort  exhibit  onlv  what  may 
be  denominated  the  climameric  of  thin 
paflkm:  they  cspofe  itjvhen  it  it  icb* 
dered  furiout  by  fome  exi^ratiag  cir* 
cumftancct;  and  the  charaaer  who  dif* 
pla^s  it  divcrta  our  attemian  f pobr  its  ope<* 
ration,  to  the  cottra|;e  and  inzenttity  which 
are  e^^ened  in  conquering  tlie  dimcultiet 
which  oppofc  m  indulgence.  In  the 
prifent  dramas,  however,  the  plot  it  re« 
marka^y  fimple,  a^  the  inodeata  are 
few— purpoiely  few,  in  order  that  the  la- 
tereft  may  not  be  divided,  and  the  atten- 
tion diverud,  from  chan|Aer»  to  the  fub* 
ordinate  agents,  imagery,  fentiment,  and 
advemurer  We  know  nO|  to  whom  the 
public  is  indebud  for  thefe  pUyst  which 
contain  many  beautiful  touchet  of  nature, 
and  many  delicate  delineations  of  pailion. 
The  author  hat  introduced  them  by  aa 
elaborate  and  iBgenivut  difco'jrfei  where ' 
3Ta    .  in 


iHiiB^M  CDinmilQiattetf  H  cIm)^  ideas-  rt<* 
ardi*g  hMmABi  .nature  a^the^*  ia*(^ome 
Segccc,  afff  A  aimdllrcvDry  liMicin  of  iiio» 
ffti  wrkfDg«i  byr  pan)cuWiy*th£  dumitMiCy 
which  induosd  him:  to«t(«i»pc  k.V  The 
fiibjeA  of  the  thir4  play  ii  ha(red«  *«  Na« 
lilia.attd  Metstkoff,*'  u  tranilatcd  .ftom 
the  German  of  M.  Krattajl.  It  is  an 
Jiiftoncai  pla^f,  where  many  charadlen 
wtil  iuiown  in  the  Ruifian  annait  axr 
iDtradveed :  the  drama  \%  founded  oa  the 
•onfpimcy  into  which  Mcnzikoff  was  de- 
duced Bgainft  his.friei^d  and  einperor, 
Bcter  -the  Great.  <«  Tbt  Maid  of  M^ 
rienburg,"  written  by  the  femcauthort  ia 
acouBXermrt  to  the  prcoednie  piay  r  the 
fiibje£boM(Ss  theekvauonirf  Caiharia^ 
I.  to  the  tbrdhe'of  Ruflla.  Mr.  K.  haft 
MwA  confidcaahle  Iheny  wkh  hiiloricsl 
trtltht  in  the  charader  of  his  heroine, 
whb,  in  order  to  excite  omr  mtereft  in 
the.  flo&uation  of.  h.ei!  fortunes,  is  rcpret. 
Mtfd  da  •inlkxibly  virtiraus,  aceom« 
ptiiwd,  iBd  *  iehafte  as  the  icicle  V  /The 
anonymous  author  .of  *'  He*s  much  to 
tora^ /'  Acknowiedgcf  hivfeif  to  bfe,  in 
IMemcafurei  indebted  to  Le  CompimfcmU 
a  Frenah  comedy, .  and .  to  Ga£i;BE*a 
tn^edy  of  Ohirif  o.  *  This  ia  m«ch  fnpe^ 
rior.to.te  ordinitry  run  of  dramatic  com- 
^fitidna:  the  dialogue  it  lively,' the  icnw 
Ciments  are-delicare,  and  the  'cbaniAen 
•Pe  fvpported  with  fpiritand  eoofiilancy, 
Mr.  MTAipibCBl  <  namcis'  in  ihc  rccoU 
jedion'  df '.moft  \d  tts;;..hiBYeonuDuaiioa 
of  Bh)  Jonfon'a  Sad  Shephctd;  difphryj 
ed  nO'VUlgarvalent  £br  poeticii  imitauun. 
HelltilamiyuMderiakett  stalk  of  uncom* 
MoiMmerity  ;  namely,  to  iVrite  a  feqnci 
M*  •haJUfiMmre's  Temipeft.  Mr.  W.  has 
0alM'  Kis  drjiha  the.:^  Virgin  Qotcn;" 
iU'»WllMi  he  has  ihewb.himi^^lf  much 
beiuf  qmlifin^  if  noe  loijmpofc  on  the 
fOhlife,  at«J(^  to  amitBtt  Sbakfpcare, 
tUM  the*  imphdeiit  Author  of  Vortig«m 
and  R<>wena«  Mr.  Cumbcrland's 
^  Fatfe  IlfipreffioDs/'  like  hU  his  other 
proda^iikis,  haa  the  high  merit  of  moral 
cetidency }  fo  far  as  character,  femiment, 
and  dialogue  are  concerned «  his  comedy 
has  no' da  m  to  eatraordinary  commend* 
afion.  Mr.  RkTNOLD's  •*  Cheap  Liv- 
fiifr,"  iHte-  the  greater  pan  of  modem 
playtf,  is  written  m  icc^rnimodacion  to  the 
jtalent^  ef  fome  favorite  performer:  it 
mav  be  obferved,  -however,  that  a  come- 
dy  whofe  exigence  depends  on  aiiing^  is, 
of  nece<i»ty,  ihort-iivcd.  The  preva- 
lence  of  party -fpiric  hat  been  able  to  im« 
pede  the  fuccefs  which  Mr.  Uolcroft's 
^  Knave  or  not"  very  richly  merited, 
As  politict  hx  the  Atndaid  of  cafbe)  the 


tmC  op  thr  theatres'^  vary  eaiiiy  ac- 
oourned  fur.  ^  Tbc.Cai^k  Speare"  is 
die  popular  produ^hon.  uf  Mr«  Lewis, 
which,  with  ^  the  Myilcrioiit  Marriage," 
«' Bhie^Beard/*  '^  Uoneft  Thicvet,"  vid 
a  Hw  othcca,  complete  the  .barren  cauu 
kig«e:af  dramatical  produdlioos. 

:  MOVE  LI  AND   ROMANCES.    . 

ThiB  department  ^f  liieraturc  is  cul- 
tivated wfth  uiiiai  afliduitjr*  **  Kmiiy  de 
Yannont"  it  a  tnnfiation  from  the 
French  of  Lonvet.  Icit  faid  ca  have 
had  coniidcrahle  iaAn^iice  in.pfodQciog 
two  memorable  dccrt:et  of  tha  nauo^ai 
doaventiao  ;  the  one  anchorising  divorce, 
the  <other  allowing  pricftt  to  marry  I 
The  dttra^ers  are  lomowhat'  catxgva. 
ganr^and  the  li^ion  is  tomewhaa  impro- 
bable. •<.  The  AdMMirs  of.  S^tbar  6e. 
tin,"  which  are  added  toitr  dtfpiaj  the 
cruelty  of  compalfory  ceiib^cy,  .and  ar< 
hx  more  interdR.ing  and  naiuraL  Mrs. 
SurAXVA  CuMJiiMS,  a  lady  of  eigh. 
tceh,  iaudabiv  defiaont  of  living  with 
that  .independcace  whi«h  haf  own  ez« 
•rtions  .^an  aJone  feenre  herv.  lifA  tnnf* 
Isted  in  an  elegant  and  ekt^'maniKr,  a 
beautiful  little  j^otel  of  Fionas;  ^  £r« 
teUi/.'  together  with  a^  eflay  upon  that 

Ssdea  or  comno&iion..  J&ielk  will  not 
traid'  from  the  .reputation  whkh  M. 
Florihn  hat  'long  fince  earned  by  bis 
wntingt.  '  Mr.  Moau&'s  **  Mural 
Talcs,^  if  DOC  diftiagmfiicd  by  much 
engiaalhy'  of  conception  or  purity  of 
ftyloi  are- highly  reipe^ahle  fivun  their 
obje^,  whick  k  to  prMnote.  the  .^aoie  of 
virmc.^  •  His  ideas  conoemang  6tiai  obe- 
dience iare  noil  ikri£U)r  apvardant  with 
the  principles  of  modeaa  mota^y*  Mr. 
M.  Ihoiiid  refled  thatvhesv  this  father 
is  a  ddpoc,  the  child  will  <gcoaraliy  be  a 
0tve;  .  Mrs.  RobnkomV  *^  Wai&og. 
ham"  it,  by  no  meama,  a  hi^^  |kr. 
formanee  :  relying  on  a  doceivilig  popa- 
kirity,  Mrt.  R.  his^  in  thit  in^aoce,  paid 
Utcie  or  no  relpeA  to  the  judgment  of 
tboTe  whofe  approbation  it  alone  wonfa 
fe;,k.ng;  hercbara^en  are  inooogmous. 
her  eventt  incredible,. Jiec  d^greifiuos 
tirefomtt,  infipid,  and  often  totally  im- 
pertinent. Mrs.  R.  has  confiderabie  ca* 
ients,  which  it  ia  to  be  lamented  are  not 
more  jadicioufly  regimeweds  ihe  can  ne- 
ver wiite  %vcll.  fb  long  as  to  fill  pagrs 
is  the  principal  obje6^:  her  poetry  is 
highly  beautiful  and  delicate.  **  The 
Knights,  or  Sketches  of  the  heroic  Age,'* 
it  a  tale  of  chivalry,  wherein  'A^uircs  and 
damfels,  combats  and  caprivitjcs,  with 
all  the  paraphernalia  of  romancr,  are 
abttiidaiitly  diftributA    On  the  whole» 


VobV.]      JUtjKf^tfOmffiHli  909 


it  it  a  refpcaable  periipmnnce^    Mn« 

Benwet  has  difi^Uyed  confidcrable  ta- 
lent forthe/ii^«^,.iBhiT  ••B«ggsvUirl," 
a  novel,  which  ibe  has  happily  fiicceeded 
in    fpinning    through    fe?€n*  volumes  1 
•*  Count  Donomar"  is  s^.  tranflation  from 
the  German :  ir  is,  in  every  rfi^p^6i,MaottCf 
entitled  to  the  higheCt  eacomium :  the 
ftory  is  original,  the  chara^ers^  natunij 
the  language  rich,  the  imagery  fpleiMiiai 
and  the  feniiments  fine  i  bUt  the  lenfien^ 
cv  of  the  work,  is  immoral  j  its  fcqnery  in 
/haracfully  voluptuous.    Mr.  J..Fox.'s 
•'  Santa  Maria"  is  a  roman^  which  b«^ 
trays  unufual  imbecility,*    ajid    unumai 
liccntioufneQ.     •*  .Th*  Midpighi:  Bejl" 
is  the  prpduikion  o'f^J^r.,  .pR^NCis  JLa<% 
THaai»  a  gentleman  .who  h^  bef#Fe  cm^ 
ployed  himfip  f  la  this.  fp<:ci«a  uf.cutnp^-; 
fition.   Mr.  Li  ha»a(«iLint.foirinYejH)0nf 
which,  however,  is  im^  un4«r  £u&i«otl|| 
ftri^  difciplvae  :  were  li^  delinej|tio»  if 
charter  aiy  plyc^  o(  prater  attcniias 
with  him,  ^  wguld^CfidtJ^t  i«li»cafg 
of  plot,'  th4  hurry. iMid.««ni^fioA  ^  iA4 
cident^  which  ra^e^^  pf3pki«'-«haii  inia* 
reft  his  readen»«  vTb4>^id^\g^AiB#lJUi9 
(aid  to  be  a  peimafi^  ftory  I  ifcijij,  Mx- U 
ii,  ofcourfe,  e^n#i^at«dir^.«ny  «rrof 
which  mayatiacl^tothe  originfU.  -'*  Thi 
Hcaor's  Sog,"  by  Jiifc^i»«  P«.u»f^ 
TiL££,  is  a  work.^f  .mcffal.undoncy  u« 
merit  which. places  it  laahfghei^l^ipii 
than   many,  ^vj^ch,  m   other,  reipe^ 
wouUy  perhaps,  bo  confidared  iV|pe|Mr« 
♦*  The  Hiftory  oJf  .Vapill9  iionjialps"  is  a 
trajiflation  froia  the  Fr€;i\9h  oi,  Le  Sage, 
the    well-koowQ,   aiuhur  .of..  Gil  Bias, 
whi^hy  in  many  refpe^s,  it  rcfcmblcsy 
but  to  which  it  js  Co  much  inferior,  no^ 
withflanding    the    original)ty    of   fomc 
cha  aders,  that  its  autiiencicity  has  been 
fufpe^eked.    X^^  author  of  '*  Ammort 
via  apd  Zallida"  has  chpten  for  tkie  hero 
of  his    novel  an   emperor    of    China  I 
This  work  is  not  dfeftnute  of  ingenuity, 
and  allows  us  to  believe  that  the  writer 
of  it  is  capable  of  producing  a  work,  of 
fi£^ion   lefs  ^xpol'ed  to  critical  objeetions 
than  the  prcCent.    "  'Jfne  Hiftory  of  S»r 
George  Wartingtoa*'  u  written  bv  the 
author  of  the  Female  Quixote,  whole  re- 
putation will  not  fuficr  by  his  laft  pro- 
da^ton.    Mr.  Walk&r's  **  Cimhelia, 
or  a  Woman  of  Ten  Thoufand,"  dif- 
pUys  original  invencioai,  but  the  ftyle  it 
very  contemptible,  the  language  fo  grofi. 
ly  ungramaiaticalt  that  we  are  forry  the 
author,  who  is  certainly  a  man  of  ulentSy 
did    not  Iblicit  Come  literary  friend  to 
jevife  the  manufcript*    **  £llinor»  or  the 
World  aa  it  ii/'  hj  MiUlY  Akn  H^n- 


WKTf  though  written  iocorreltty,  oob» 

tains  many  Vpiriied  and  Cenfible  obferva« 
tions.  Xnq  author  appears  in  no  verf 
amiable  point  or  view,  when  ihe  i»du)get 
herfeU*  in  ibme.fplcpetic*  invidious  alTa* 
iions  to  contemporvy  writers,  feverai  of 
whom  arc  ccrtaiAly  far  fuperior  to  her- 
fcU'.  A  fecond  volume  has  appeared  of 
MiCsXsi&'s  '<  Canterbury Tvles,"  .whtch^ 
hke  the  fir£t,  are  lively,  elegant,  «nd  in* 
genious.  We  could  enuoMrate  a  gvtac 
many  more.novels-and  romances,  bai  tke 
catalogue  w^uld  be  arefome  and  totallj 

^  It  aSbrdf  us,  the.  greeted  pleafure  !• 
obferve,  that  To  inpoRantaii  o^e6k  m 
mvi^^U  ^d  fciciH^:    " 

meet»-with  nneritodj9ttention».Mjf  Dow^ 
klA<^'^  '!'  ^me.Mf  .and.XhcMf.  of  tb^ 
i]bcbi;f  w  JUpguagef  ^e.' -inteaded  to  fa* 
cilit^Ms  thCfAudy^oj  it!  bQt-ib- long  at 
thcdiipute  ^Qtu\u}x%^/iiSjm/k9f  coneern* 
y^  tlui.  importj^ec  or  jnuulitv  .pf  the 
ptfintt,  it  c^n  ^vec  be.«  book  of  ge* 
P«jr«l.cijrcuiatia4*: ;  Mr."  IX-rtjeat  the 
uie  of.them*  Mr.,WAi}A«i^*e  *' &ev 
to  the.  claiTieal  ProiHmsiatioB  ,of .  GnA 
fip^  LAtin  proper  Nam^.lic.  &c.'*  it  a 

W.  iiowevef,  is  ipi9A^)|a»  dogroaiical- ia 
|us  opinion^,  and  .^uicotiirlsr  Wf^  (ub^ 
j^^.' where  4iffid9ii^-.i«Ml4ld*^hftl«  bote 
If  uc]^  ^n^r^ibecomiqgii  nanely^the  ae^ 
ccntM«»oa  ojf  pr^g^^am^.  -  Tfcit  worli^ 
though  by  ^  m((^%«iaveri«bljr  «oma» 
and  fpntequentiy  .vitry  far  Gfon  perfeAy 
may  be  «f  coniiderable-  ufe  to^many  perw 
funs,  .^nd  .probably  may  ferve   at    ttae 
foundation  of  Axne  vafuable  ruporftiue* 
ture.  Mr.  S#i»l^9p>>  the  ipgeatous  eiithor 
ot  ^/MMMrai^Mvtem,  has  poblilhed  «<  A 
Cpmpariibn  of  Ea^ih  Ovammar  witk 
the  Pr<;nch,"  in  which  the  priaciplet  aad 
idiomatic  es^effionf  of  .the  cwo*kii« 
guiges  are  di&uQcd  ^ad  iUaftfmud :  thie 
work  IS  dciigned,  .and  it  eatreoiely  well 
calculated,  to  factiitate  the  ftudy  of  the 
Englilh  language  to  foreigners  :  it  fur* 
niibes  our  own  yv>uth,  .miereoveri^  with  a 
grammatical  knowledge    of   their  own 
tongue,  at  the  fame  time  that  they  are 
improving  them  lei  ves  in  French.    Mr. 
HoftMS£Y's  "  Short  Grammar  of  the 
Engliih  Language,  &c."  is  a  compilatian 
from    the    writings  of   Lowth,  Woody 
Johnfon,  Blair,  &c.  ^c.  and  Amplified  to 
the  capacities  of  children*    The  rules  are 
ihort  and  perfpicuous.    An  .anonymoot 
writer  hat  publitked  lome  **  Tbonghts  on 
Elocution  s     he  appeart  to  have  ftudied 
Ua  fiibjaft  .iriti»'»ttc«6io%  «»  In  writvt 


Sio  lUiH^arfBmiflk  Utiri^furi.^-'JkK/Mmin.  [Sup, 


•n  it  with  difceniAent  «nd  food  IcnteV 
^  The  Refuee"  is  written  br  the  author 
of  the  **  Guide  to  Doij^eftic  mppinefs," 
who  tn  this,  as  to  hit  former  work,  dif* 
plavt  much  good-fenfe  and  cbfenration. 
•♦  A  Prefcnt  for  a  little  Girl"  is  -neat, 
^nSf  no  doubt,  will  be  «n  acceptable  prc- 
lent  to  the  young  people  for  whom  it  it 
intended.  Yhe  cuts  are  executed  with 
vmtfiml  neaniefi  and-  accuracy.  The 
^*  Youth  *s  Miicellmy*'  confifts  of  original 
cfays,  moral  nn6  literary ;  they  are  tn- 
tended  <*  to  promote  a  lore  of  yinuc  and 
learning,  to  corred  the  judgment^  to  im» 
fnvre  the  tefic,  and  to  harmoniae  the 
mind."  It  it  foftcient  to  fay,  that  they 
arc  well  calculated  to  promote  the  iinport- 
ant  ohjeQs  which  the  author  profcilea  to 
h&tt  ia  view.  Mra.  PiLKivoTOir*i| 
•*  Obedieaco  rewarded,  tad  Prejudice 
cDooadrcd/'  it  aa  ufefvl  little  work. 
*•  The  New  Childyea's  Friead"  is  tnnf- 
Ifltod  chielly  from  the  German,  end  cor^ 
lel^Kwds  tnore  completely  than  onmmoil 
wkh  its  titk  pa|e,  which  aanouncet  the 
▼oluvM  to  cotfMain'  «  pleafmg  incitements 
t6  wifdom  awTVirtiie,  oenv^ed  through 
the  mfcdhim  of  aaeedotei  tale^  and  advefrJ 
evfe  ; .  fakokicd'  to  eatertfein,  forti^; 
sad  impraN.  the  |ti!feAffe  mind.  Bfrs« 
•/Kvii»Rli'e  ^LittfeFkiiiilt"  istworK 
^  ^tff  conHderable  merit ;  it  Metfdi, '  w$ 
M  boHtvfol^  iMMrev  imild  do,  Mrue« 
eton  4niik  taraftrntiir  and  okiriiity.  ft 
«nay  ptffibiy  •  be'  ee^Acu,  that  fome  of 
Jf ft.  %\  obftttMiofts  are  tte  refined  fsr 
^e  comprehenfio*  of  children  ia  geaer&l. 
«*  Ma^al  Biography  ;*'  a  wretched  per- 
^Drmeacc,  propofes  to  gite  the  iires  of 
petfeas  eminently  ditfeguiAed  for  their 
▼frt«e  and  taleatt :  it  it  de6cient  in  Ian- 
gtftR,  fcntlment,  and  enecdoce.  **  Ttf- 
<tof«T  Lcilbaa^*  are  intended  as  an  accom- 
oDmpanimeat  to  Mts.  BARBAi7LD'a 
•••  Hymm  ia  Profe,**  to  which,  however, 
they  are  by  no  means  emial. 

•  Oor  readers  will,  periMps,  be  relteTcd 
to  fee,  that  we  are,  at  laft,  come  to  the 
fubjeA  of  MifccUaneous  Literature. 
After  which  they  IhaU  receive  a  refptte 
of  fix  months. 

MISCBLLAiriei. 

Among  the  miscellaneous  publicatiort 
n  to  be  dfitittguiihcd,  as  a  work  of  claf- 
Hcal  ment,   the  fccoad  volume  of  Mr. 

•  VvEDALS  Pricf.,  oa  the  "  Piau- 
t^ffjoe,  and  on  the  Ufe  of  ftudymg  Pic- 
tures, for  the  Purpofe  of  improving  real 
Lsndft^f  ;••  this  latter  fobjca  is  very 
warmly  mculcated,  and  is  never  once  loft 

Sht   of   througiiout  the  whole  work, 
oft  of  ue  ncaliea,  that,  hi  thcfirft  vo. 


lume,  Mr.  P.  fueeeedod  in  proving  '^le 
pi^lure^Tqise  to  oofTefs  as  diftinft  and  ex- 
clt|6vc  a  chara^er,  as  either  the  fobGme 
or  the  beautiful,  its  moft  cfideat  caafct 
were  ftated  to  be  roughneft,  intricacy 
(which  impliea  (bdden  and  unexpcQcd 
variation),  and  irregularity.  Thus  it 
holds  a  fort  of  middle  fiation  betw^^ 
beauty  and  fobQmhv,  and  ia  evidently 
fooadcd  on  principles  oppofite  from  ti. 
ther*  ^auty,  on  fmoothnefs,  on  fuft^ 
andulatin|»  opthaei,  on  itowing  fomn, 
and  ahnoft  ilifenfible  variation  ^  on  idcis 
of  frefiine&  and  of  y€\^b.  The  pi6^u> 
tefque,  in  addition  fo  the  conftiiueot 
prtitciples  already  mentioned,  is  fona^ed 
oa  ideas  of  age,  and  decay.  The  fub- 
lime  alfb,' although  it  poffcfles  Tome  pro- 
perties ia  ppmmon  wiUi  tJie  pi^hirerque, 
diileii  frem  it  ia  many  eflfestiai  poioti ; 
in  greataefs  ot  dilBealiba,  tdems  of  infi* 
ahy,  eieraity,  darknefs,  ierrfar,  ftilkcfs, 
and  ia  many 'other  oualitiet,  which  arc 
firpaiately  the  foaaditioa  of  lubBmirr, 
bfH  of  wlikh  aor  oac  enters  w^ceffarify 
into  the  cotaawfitipa  of  the  piAur&qve. 
Fram  this  efiairg^  view  of  the  fubjcd  ic 
appetfrl,  diaif  the  word  ^idufdl^ue  ts  not 
to  be  aafvosvfd  ia  its  appNcatioB,(' ai|d  ooa^ 
fiaed,  atitt  etymeleef  ^tg^f  t«di^,  to 
timfebhjedbhkme^MiichaiaybcmMfefcBtr 
ed  wfdi  efea  oa  the  caavafi.  wkw^  from 
H :  •  fnece  of  arafie.  Kght  and  pffjfoli  ^^h 
itiddeB  ttuexpened  vAtiUiao  in'  p<^t  of 
tinM  and  key,  <ec.  may  he  ctllf!|l  /cA- 
f€l^e  with  ecraaf  aocaracy,  a^ 

That  <•  rich  Areatt**  wUch^win^safeofc^ 
«<  DN»,a»kffic,fflnatl%aod'llra«,^ 


Dtap,  BM^ieffic,  famod^  i 
may  be  denominated /bAAwc  \  or  the  foft, 
melodious  mtlancho^  of  a  S.cotch  air^ 
he^utifml.  The  application  of  ptftor- 
efqucnefs  to  poetry,  thc'l^rric  pank^ilarly^ 
ha  oppolitioii  to  the  Jk^Hmtty  o^  the  ode 
and  the  epic,  or  the  poKlticd  Ataotfy  of  the 
fonnet  and  the  elegtdt  meature,'  it  ebri- 
out,  find  equalhr  oorreA^';  as  alib  is  in 
application  lo  the  diilerent  ob]e€b  of  an 
and  n;«tttre,  fuch  as  trees  apd  Waterfalb, 
buildines,  birds  and  beafts,  &c. 

Mr.  Pnicc't  fccond  voluoie  oontaias 
three  cITays,  dill  farther  illuftrativc  of  the 
futjcf^,  and  explaining  the  m4>de  of  re- 
ducing to  praChce  the  theory  o/hts&rm<:r 
volume.  The  firft  cflay  is  on  arriBciat 
water,  and  on  the  method  in  which  pic> 
turefque  banks  tnvj  be  pradically  formed. 
In  onler  ro  gain  a  joft  idea  how  the  banki 
of  ariifkial  pieces  of  water  ihoold  be 
farmed,  Mr.  P.  moft  jwhciouily  begim 
with  enquiring  *bow  thofe  of  nafural 
iakea  and  livers  are  formed.  This  n 
iquitc  a  iiotfll  caqaiij;  at  kaft  theap- 

plicatioa 


VoL  v.]      lUtrf^^$fJ)0nl4fiUIaUdn^^Mi^^  ji  i 


pHcatksa  o£  the  ^tnotiry  to  bmdpn^  gar* 
deaiqg  is  novcU  •od  throws  great  bght  on 
the/tt^ieft,  Mr,  P.  it  in  truth  a  wor- 
lUpper  of  MKure,  bimI  may  caclaimy  with 
Peter  Pindar, 

TboB  ait  my  foddeft,  Katint  I  lotDthee, 
Patent  of  <k>TC-ayei  peafic^  I  bend  the  kne^ 
The  (eoood  effay  treatt  on  the  decora^ 
Ciena  near  the  houfe ;  Mr.  P.  oonceivet, 
that  ^^the  embeUiihnienrf  of  art  are  not 
uoly  to  be  employed  i  but  even  in  fome  de» 
^ee  to  be  dilptaired :  to  go  at  once  from 
art,  from  the  obvious  andairowed  work  of 
man,  tbe  houss,  to  fimpte,  unadorned 
n  at  a  re,,  is  too  fuddcn  a  traafition  ;  and 
wants  that  (on  oF  gradation  and  congruity, 
which,  except  in  particular  cafei,  is  lb 
Bcceflary  in  ail  that  is  in  pleafc  the  eye 
and  the  mind.  The  decomioni,  theroa 
forCf  of  an  ornamental  earden«  like  thofe 
^kmgiag  to  Come  of  the  IniiaA  ▼illaa» 
Ihoiild  be  rich,  regular,  and  fymmetrical ; 
according  with  the  manfion,  they  may 
unite  (bilpturad  and  archite^ural  mag* 
nificenCB,  fuch  as  terraces,  foonuins,  pa« 
rapeca,  ftntuet,  vafes,  baluftradrs,  kc. 
Stiff  mi  glaring,  formality,  howeveri 
may  he  avoided  by  a  judicious  mixture 
«f  irragttlar  and  rariod  veeetation:  the 
preTaifing  foadnefs  for  fimplicity,  there- 
fore^  and  the  defim  of  bhniihing  all  em* 
toelltihmonts  of  art,  are  feverely  cenfurtd* 
Archite^re  and  baildinga  are  the  fub* 
je£b  of  the  coadodtng  enay  :  here  Mr. 
P,  makes  a  judicious  diiUntkion  between 
.architeAure  ia  towna,  where  it  may  be 
fiiid  to  be  principal  and  independent  ^ 
and  architedure  in  the  country,  where  it 
is,  in  fome  meafure,  lubordinate  and  de- 
pendent on  the  furroundin^  objedts. 
The  building,  which  may  be  joftly  ad- 
mired in  a  drect  or  a  fquare,  where 
icarcely  any  thine  but  the  front  is  con- 
MtTcif  and  littk  elle  is  feen,  if  tranf- 
fer#ed  to  the  couatry,  where  it  does  not 
hlcnd  with  the  foenery,  may  be  b«ld  and 
unpiftorefque.  An  arohited,  therefore^ 
ibould  be  acquainted  with  the  principles 
of  painting,  and  flkould  apply  them  to 
his  o«tra  an ;  fuch  an  one  will  not  be  'fo* 
licieous  to  lAnk  all  -  the  of&ca  under 
ground,  that  his  houfe  may  ftaad  a  fort 
of  eye-trap  to  all  paflengers,  fiaring  and 
smpwident ;  he  will  not  remove  every 
tree  which  interoepta  the  view,  and  level 
every  hlU  which  rifee  wilhia  fight ;  but, 
on  tne  contrary^  will  rather  wifli  to  con- 
ceal fome  parts  of  the  building,  in  order 
to  gitfi  aa  interefting  and  piftureique 
effe&  to  others.  Mr.  P.  has  direded  the 
atteaMoa  of  jpaintbr-arcliiteAs  to  a  f^- 
ft€tf  which  nas  not  been  Cufliciemly  fto« 
^ied^  namel/,  t^  fumfiiiu  of  their  build* 

aj 


iaffi.  Here  Main  he  -hat  ilhiilmted  iha 
effe^s  of  act,  by  (i'mibr  offers  in  na* 
tare*  The  form  and  chancer  of  rocka 
arc  the  moft  analogous  to  thofe  of  baild« 
iags :  the  different  eficds  produced  bf 
the  intricate  and.  broken  outline  of  fom^ 
aad  the  flat  monotonoas  futnmit  of  othecii 
may  inftruft  the  archite£l  how  tame  ia 
the  level  flated  furface  of  moft  modern 
houfes,  interrupted  only  by  a  few  foli-* 
tary  and  afpiring  chimnies,  in  oompari-* 
Ton  with  the  rich  and  varied  roof,  with 
which  Vanbrugh  has  fo  magnificently 
orjRamenced  Blenheim.  <« 

A  great  variety  of  obfervations  on  thtt 
and  the  other  e&ys,  difplay  the  moft 
chafie  and  cultivated  tafte;  out  Mr.  P. 
has  already  fafeinaced  us  to  dwell  on  hit 
vbluQie  longer' than  is  quite  confiftent, 
perliaps,  with  the  nature  c^our  retrofpeft* 
With  regret  we  leave  him. 

Mr.  J  ACKsoK,  that-  enchanting  ham 
monift  of  Exeter,  has  pubjithed  a  mif- 
cellaneous  volume  of  very  great  merit  f 
Uie  eflfay,  which  gives  a  title  to  his  book, 
is  called  ^  The  Four  Ages."  In  this 
Mr.  J.  with  great  propriety,  has  invert*: 
ed  the  order  of  the  agas  as  it  was  efta- 
bliihed  by  the  ancieau:  he  aflferrs,  and 
we  are  forry  to  be  unable  to  difcredit  hia 
aflertion  I  that  no  golden  age  has  yet 
exifted,  but  in  poetry.  Thofe  periods 
of  uncivilized  fociety,  when  each  inao 
made  h\ffs  for  himfcl^ 

vTulIaqiM  mortales  ptctsrfna  littors  oorant, 
are  degraded  into  the  icon  age ;  to  each 
age  Mr.  J.  has  attributed  what  he  con- 
ceives to  be  i(s  diftin^uiihing  chara£ler- 
iftics,  and  from  them  it  appears,  that  we 
are  advanced  into  the  filver  period.  Mr. 
J.  has  touched  on  a  variety  of  other 
lubjeiSts  in  this  volume,  poetry,  painting, 
muBc,  architeftore,  lirerary  compofitions, 
&c.  &e.  in  atl  of  which  he  has  difplayed 
confiderable  genius,  taile,  and  difcem- 
ment.  Acolle^lion,  in  three  volumes,  hu 
lately  appeared,  of  Oliver  Goldfinith's 
•<  Mifceflaneous  Works  t*'  this  collec- 
tion is  a  very  acecptfible  prefent;  for 
the  eflfays,  eriticirm»,  aad  Jeaut  (Tef^rii, 
of  that  eccentric  chara6ier,  have  hitherto 
been  buried  among  the  periodical  rub- 
bifli  of  the  time  whear  they  were  writ- 
ten. Dr.  Bakcropt  has  pnbliflied  the 
iirft  volume  of  his  «  Experimenral  Re* 
fearchcs,  concerning  the  PhiloTophy  of 
permanent  Colours,  &c."  In  rMis  vq« 
tnme  Dr.  B.  treats  of  all  the  fubfimkiiie 
colours,  and  of  thofe  di^VA'vr  colours^ 
from  among  the  animal  and  vegetable 
kingdoms,  whieh  produce  the  yellow^. 
To  underi^alid  the  mdmtag  of  thtf'di^ 
vtfion'tif  tfaeHniclet  ufed  &  dyia^,'  %lt 


^tUlr^J^  ifS^rmm  I^trMwi^ 


$t% 


■WiftiweHgfl,  Ait  tlief««r»  feme,  which 
rvquire  a  previout  prtfparttioii  to  hue  in 
IbecolcAir  which  is  aherwardt  to  be  adct- 
•d  (  %fid  that  there  are  others,  which  of 
fhcmfehrts  fix  on  the  fubi^Hnce  to  be 
#)p«d«  The  former  are  called  adjedtvet, 
the  btter  fahftaotti^.  1>t.  B.  attrt- 
hutaa  the  permaneiit  chang'  of  colour  to 
the  attvadkm  of  fubftance*-  for  paricular 
nysy  which  are  abforbed,  and  remain 
ktant,  while  others  are  reflected  An 
•iegant  and  concife  cfTay  on  the  biftory  of 
dying  is  given  in  this  volume,  which  h 
r^lece  with  found  philofophijat  fe« 
Icarchy  which  abounds  with  fagac«ous 
tcfln^tons,  and  which  rchttesto  a  variety 
of  aocurate  and  ingenious  experimcata  in 
mbtion  to  the  fiibje^  of  it. 

A  more  a^^ontzing  appeaf  to  the  feel* 
ings  can  (wocly  •  he  conceived,  than 
Hiir.  Mack  ay's  **  Narrative  of  the 
Bhipwreck  of  the  Juao  on  the  CosA  of 
Arabia  :**  this  niirrative,  whfch  ai>peara 
to  be  pcrfe^Uy  outhcmtc,  is  addrefied  hj 
Mr.  M.  the  feoond  officer  of  tht  ihip,  in 
n  icries  of  letters;  to  his  father,  the  Rer. 
Thomas  Madccy,  miaifter  of  Lairy,  Su- 
theriandfhire,  North  Britain.  Out  nf 
7 a  pcrfoni  on  board  this  (hip,  58  adhially 
pcrilhc<l,  eiThcr  by  fatigue  or  famine, 
m  thecoiH-fe  of  23  days  and  nights, 
which  had  cl^iled  before  the  furviving 
a4  (v.  ho,  during  that  iong  period,  ex- 
ited without  food)  had  the  happihefs  of 
gaining  the  land  by  means  of  rafts  and 
fpnrs :  .the  prociadion   of   life  during 


[Sap. 


(oeb  n  perinb  -cf  fnmutkNi,  eictcds, 
perhaps,  whater^  has  been  befnrr  R- 
corded  Mrs  Brenmrr  is  a  fnnrivor  cf 
this  difaftroQs  fiiipwreck  :  her  hnlhand, 
the  capr7*in  of  the  veiTcU  died  in  hep 
arms  I  Mr  YocNC*i  ^EITay  on  Hu- 
manity tn  Animak"  does  high  honour 
ro  his  heart :  t'  a  fnfcjed  is  not  always 
fttfliciamky  attended  to  in  the  edncanon 
of  onr  yoQ'h;  this  little  poblicatioa, 
therefore,  rendered  interefting  by  the 
nfcrtion  of  fome  hiftories  cbmC^eriftic 
of  the  afit6Hon  which  animals  bear  to 
their  offspring,  is  partkulariy  proper  m 
be  nut  into  the  h^ads  of  children.  ^  The 
Spirit  of  the  Public  Jonmals  for  1797" 
is  a  judicious  feledioa  of  the  beft  eflays, 
jnM  <frj)ni.  anecdotes.  Sec.  from  the 
fogkive  puhlioBtioM  of  the  day,  and 
promifes  'o  form  i,  very  cntertaiaiBg  an- 
ntBil  mUceilany.  Mr.  Jowas's  **Ma* 
(bnic  Mifcellaniea,  m  Poetry  nnd  Profe," 
is-an  entertaining, and,  probahIv,an  vfcful 
nunual.  •«  The  Prompter"  is  the  fro- 
dn6fcion  of  an  American  moralilk,  Mr. 
Noah  Wkbster,  who  faaa  ihewn  his 
good  fenfe,  in  taking  the  manner  and  the 
matter  of  Dr.  Franklin  aa  fobiefis  of 
imitation  :  it  is  an  ttfeftfl  little  work. 

We  have  now  iinifiied  oor'Retrofpeft 
of  the  d  jmeftir  Literttnte  of  )lie  iaft  fu 
mir  tM  ,  fome  few  books,  it  ia  obvious,  muft 
efcape  the  moft  rigid*  refeardi.  Should 
thts^be  the  cafe  with  tvfpoft  of  anv  of  li- 
terary aminehce,  we  thnll  be  happy  ta 
bring  them  forwar^i  on  a  fvture  occafioSf 


HALF-YEARLY  RETROSPECT  OF 

GERMAN    LITERATURE. 


IT  has  frequentlv  been  remarked,  and 
'perhnps  with  juftice,  thai  the  Ger- 
mans, fince  the  middle  of  the  prcfenc 
century,  have  nrtade  greater  efforts,  in 
every  de^tmcnt  of  the  arcs  and  «<  iences, 
than  tbeir  le^nird  anctftork  colle6^iveIy 
from  the  times  uf  Tacitus.  Alrhough 
the  fame  remark  may  apply  in  great 
meafure  to  the  prefcnt,  or  rather  th^ 
hu,  date  of  French  literature,  yet  it  ia 
by  no  means  fo  chara£teri(tic,  nor  fo 
general,  as  when  applied  to  the  Ger- 
mans] they  weie  much  behind  in  va* 
rious  departments  of  fcience,  at  a  time 
when  France  produced  many  eoainent 
wricerf  in  almuft  every  branch,  particu- 
larly iti  hiflory^  belltS'letcreSs  anj^politi^ 
cai  economy.    .  '        .        .   / 

The  new  era  of  German  litaratui^f 
Ve^n  with'thc'CoQcluBon  of  the  ft^p- 
teonii^  war  in  176?.,  whop  (h^^'mU^AS 
^  Gofma/iy^t  vcre  Qpjce  mors  x«^^^ 
jfMt  <he  horrid  danj^oor  of  arms,  by  the 


long- wifhed -far  peace,  concluded  be* 
twcen  the  Emprefs,  Queen  Mary  Thsre* 
ia,.  and  Frederick  the  Great  of  Pruffia. 
Long  before  this  period*  the  gtond* 
work  of  nationaj  .«raditio9f  pSikktii 
had  mec  wsth  many  «ble  «n^  fncceisfGl 
profeflbrs ;  but  as  their  Inborions  re. 
fearcbds  w<  re  aloMft  exolii(ivcly  diie6^td 
to  the  ctthifatiQii  of  the  dead  langus^es, 
that  of  she  na^Tes  was  tiU  then  uaac- 
count^iblv  negle^ed*  The  works  of 
Kiapfi9ck*,  Ltffing.  UaiUr,  Grjnir.  Br- 
yrr,  Gr/farr,  Rahtat  RfimUr^  Utria, 
Jaoobw  Oothe^  SdiUlUr^I^c.  hot  panica- 
larly  thofe  of  the  inesbauftible  andac- 
complKhed  WiBCAKDtt  however,  af- 
ford ample  proefi  that  the  GermanSt  ^- 


...%.  The  firft  edition  ^JQt^iO^'^  M^ 
a|pcac<d,  SI  earjy  .as^dse  yeaf  { 175a 
.   f  Seean  accooflt  of  hia  W(s«4ov^ 
Monthly  Magsaine  ibr  April,  1797. 


Vol.  v.]        Jtttr^ltif  QirmaH  Lkttaturt.r-IRfi»rj} 


t^% 


fidethtir  peculiar  iniuftry,  perfeverance; 
and  a  fin^lar  prop«nfity  to  abftrufe  in- 
^uirfcs,  aW:>polfcf8  ta^Rc  and  genius. — ^^^'c 
dnnof,  •  wirhout  injoftke,  umit  to  men* 
tion  in  this  place  the  name  oF  ADELlIif  <3, 
the  excellent  and  profound  phiiologift, 
«f  wh/  ili  the  Germans  have  juft  realon$ 
to  be  pixH)d.  By  hfs  indefatigable  ex- 
ertioDs  to  improve  hts  native  language, 
he  has  produced  fuch  works,  as  vvholc 
academies  and  rvfal  focictles,  convened 
for  that  purpf^fe  in  other  countries,  have 
not  been  able  to  accomplifh.  We  allude 
to  his  ««  EUmentary  Grammar  of  /Ar  Get- 
ntm  Lan^age^  in  two  Volumes ^  '«"*^^ 
Offavo,*'  whieh  may  f'erve  as  a  model  of 
a  fyftcmaiic  grammar  in  anjr  language ; 
and  to  his  '•  Comf^ett  D'tffionary  of  she ' 
H/^h- German  iMftguafe,  in  five  f^olumrs^ 
koyai  ififario"  of  which,  the  fecbnd  edi- 
tion ts'ahready  in  the  prefix  As  this 
would  not  be  the  moft  proper  place  to 
expittate  upon  the  merits  ot  this  extra- 
ordinary publication,  the  work  of  a 
i)nt;lc  man,  who  fpent  the  greater  parr  of 
tbirtv  years  in  the  compofition  of  it ; 
we  moft  content  ourfelvcs  with  briefly 
^^V^gf  ^hat  this  di^onary  contains  a 
greater  (lock  of  words  than  any  other 
yet  pubtlflied  fince  the  invention  of  the 
art  of  printing  ;  that  every  word  is  fci- 
cntifically  arrang<,d  as  to  its  real  and  mer 
tflphorical  (ignificatiou ;  that  the  words 
are  cither  clearly  deBned,  or  amply  il- 
j  iftrated  witl^  tne  moft  appofite  exam- 
ples; and  that  the  various  ufes  of  them 
are  tmequivocally  determined.  It  is  to 
this  incomparalble  work  that  the  Ger- 
mans are  chiefly  indebted  for  the  ortho- 
graphy, as  well  as  the  fynrax,  of  their 
language,  which  by  it  have  been  fettled 
on  the  moft  folid  baits  of  juft  etymology 
and  found  analogy.  Animated  by  the 
inccffant  eflbrts  of  fuch  a  leader,  his 
countrymen  have  of  late  years  bcftowed 
a  laudablb  degree  of  attention  to  the.im- 
.  provcment  and  refinement  of  their  co- 
pious and  energetic  language.  Hence 
the  numerous  grammars  and  diftionaries 
of  all  fizesi  publiihed  during  the  laft 
twenty  years  ;  hence  the  cndlefs  va- 
riety of  philological  queftioni  propofed 
bv  academies  and  focietics  in  every  part 
of  Germany  ;*  hence  the  great  diverfity 
of  critical  eiays'on  language,  which  con- 
tinually appt'ar  on  the  Leipzig  book. 
fairs;  stad  hence,'  laftly,  the  bold  at- 
tempts of  their  ditimatic  aad  poetical 
writers,  to  d^ltMate  the  genuine  fenti. 
menct'  of  the  hrarr,  and  to  expreft^  the' 
«9rious  cmocioRs  df  the  mind,  m  words 
yiomiH  vr  M4<?.  Ktti  XXXIII. 


and  phrafes  that  ^nndt  ht  Jaffffafhrif^ 
tranflated  into  foreign  languages. 

Tn  this  place,  however,  it  behov^ut' 
for  the  prcfent,  to  alFofd  only  a  concMe 
view  of  ih^  ftate  of  Literature  in  Get^ 
many,  during  the  laft  fix  months. 
HISTORY.  ' 

Although  the  Gcrrnans  canuot  boaJ| 
of  many  good  hfftorians,  and,  ptrhap^ 
of  none  who  wrires  with  the  elegant  fim- 
piicity  of  a  Robertfon*,  or  the  powerful 
colburing  of  a  Humcj  there  nevtrthelcft 
have  lately  appeared  fcveral  valuable 
publications  ip  this  department.  At  th^ 
head  ftands  the  vctiran  Schlozer» 
aulic  counfcllor,  and  profcffor  t>f  univer- 
h\  hiftory,  in  the  univcrfitv  of  Gtfttin* 

{ren,  whofe  acute  and  chaftUing  pen  hay 
ong  been  dreaded  by  the  arbitniry  prio* 
ces  of  Germany.  We  h  'pe,  for  the  goo4 
of  his  country,  he  will  conunuc  hia 
monthly  "  Statifl'cal  Ace  "un*s,  *  begu^ 
about  20  years  lince,  and  containing  every 
information  requMcd  by  forcienere  i^poa 
the  true  ftate  of  Germany,  Tn  itspo* 
licical  relations  to  foreign  ftatesj  as  well 
as  to  the  different  fovercign  co^ftatcs  o£ 
the  German  empire.  His  Ijrteft  wcrkj 
under  the  title  of  •»  Critical  aprf  Hi(i 
torical  Difquifitions  in  Lcifure-Hours,'* 
contains  three  very  interefttng  articles  i 
namely,  1.  ♦*  Originrs  t>fmanic^^  or  ap 
Inquiry  into  the  Origin  of  the' Ofma^  . 
nianHiftory;**  2.  ••Proofs,  that  the  Mon- 
gols have  oeen  the  Inventors  of  P^per- 
money,  in  the  thinecpth  Centliry ;"  and 
)•  **  An  Introdu6\i<'n  to  the  Xm>w|edg^ 
of  the  political  Hiftory  of  Aiia.**— • 
Prof.  Makgelsdorfp's  •*  Epitome  of 
nniverfal  Hiftory,  &c."  ^in  one  vdlome| 
8vo.  is  a  concife  and  elaborate  abftra^t 
from  his  larger  w6ik,  on  the  fubjed  of 
ancient  hiftory,  and  well  adapted  for 
the  ufe  of  academies,  and  at  a  compen* 
dium  for'privttte  ftudy ;  it  is  written  in 
a  pleafant,  eafy,  and  ipftruf^tve  ftyle^ 
and  contains  no  tenets  advcrfe  to  tfaie 
prevailing  religious  and  political  opinions. 
— AnotheV  valoable  work,  but  conftne4 
to  a  particular  province,  is,  *^  Wi* 
ARDA  s  Hiftory  of  Eaft-Frifta  ^  the 
fcventh  volume  of  which  appeared  lately^ 
and  brings  it  down  to  the  year  1734* 
The  author  is  fecretary  to  tne  Sta'es  of 
Eaft-Frida,  and  a  man  of  unqueftionable 
veracity  ;  his  fources  are  genuine,  as  he 
has  free  accefs  to  all  the  archives  of  the 
ftate.  **Prof.  Woltman'i  Hiftory  o| 
France,**  being  the  firit  volume  of  % 
^  Hiftory  of  the  European  Statts,*'  is 
likewife  t  bo^  of  ereit  ment ;  in  as 
jU        .  ^  ffluA 


SH 


Ritr^fO  rfGimm  LUtrMtn^^^MiU 


JSop# 


■itifh  i«t  it  abounds  wiUi  excdlent  phi* 
lofophicat  reflexions,  aod  ii  written  in  a 
conccd  and  manl^r  ft/lc*  If  the  ingeni* 
0U&  profeflbr  continue  the  Kiftory  S  aH 
other  European  (Uies,  with  the  fune 
degree  of  accuiutc  difcnminacion  between 
f^ot  and  opinions,  we  venture  to  pro- 
nounce, that  he  will  juilljr  dcjerTe  the 
firft  rank  amone  modern  hiftoriuis.  Am 
lie  has  undertaken  a  vety  arduous  and 
^ti|:uing  talk,  we  can  onhr  wifli  him  the 
aectllary  portion  of  indefatigable  induf- 
try,  whtch  characterizes  hik  native  con- 
tamporarics,  and  we  make  no  doubt  but 
his  labours  will  be  crowned  with  Cuccefs. 
— We  cannot  better  conclude  this  de- 
paMmant,  than  with  *^  Schiller's  Hit- 
toiico-genetilogical  Almanacki  for  the 
Vear  1798,*'  in  which  the  hiflorical 
pi^ure  of  Germany,  on  s88  pages,  iimo. 
IS  the  pcincipal  and  moil  inteieliiug  ar- 
ticle. The  author  is  well  known  to  the 
l£ngU(h  reader  by  feveral  dramatic  pie- 
ces, which  have  been  trandated  and 
iread  with  avidity,  but  particularly 
that  of  "  The  Robbers."  W  thin  the 
0>n)pars  of  a  few  ibeets,  Schiller  has  fur- 
niflied  us,  in  a  maficrly  manner,  with 
^  A  ConciTe  Hiftory  of  the  Germans, 
lirom  the  Abdnation  of  the  Emperor 
Charles  V.  to  the  reign  of  Francis  II ; 
or,  from  the  Refbrpnation  of  Lyther,  and 
the  fubfequent  .Found. tion  of  religious 
Liberty  in  Germany,  down  to  the  ore* 
fcnt  Time,  when  the  Critical  Philofo. 
phy  begins  to  manifcA  its  Influence,  and 
'  to  devdope  as  well  «»  to  fpread  pro- 
gpci^vdy  the  ConfequcnQ^s  of  that  Re« 
volution  ie  Church  ^and  State  ^  /.  £, 
from  tl^c  year  1556  to. 1797-"  K.4^nt, 
ihe  profcJud  fpurdci '  of  the  Criticeit  Syh 
Upft  natUiaUjr  finds  a  warm  pancgyiift 
in  our  hiftorirn.;  ard,  in  order  to  give 
a  fliort  fpecimen  of  Schillcr*s  dida£lick 
mode  01 .  writing,  we  ihall  faithfully 
tranflate  the  concludine  line<  of  this 
hiftorical  iketch  ;  •*  The  .Germans," 
lavs  ht«  **  muA  now  endeavour  to  fa. 
*'  tisfy  the  loud  and  univcrfaiwiihes  for 
^  ameliorat  ng  thi  abic£t  condition  of 
**  the  lower  cfaiTes  of  fucleiy ;  to  banifli 
**  the  immoral  prdiClicts  carried  on  in 
**  the  political  dcpa:tments  of  their 
■<  country  ;  to  conciliate  that  opprobiiout 
<<  and  in  reaun):  contcfl  between  the 
"  civl  and  'eligicus  cftabllibmcnts  with 
**  ihc  fpirit  «f  the  times,  and  the  pre- 
'*  \aii  ng  opinions  and  wiHies  of  nations 
^*  to  a£t  and  to  be  treated  coofliienrly 
**  with  thu  more  correA  notions  and 
«(  ideas  of  thiols  they  have  acquired^; 
y  Thus  only  wilh  ihcy-  pave  the  way 


<**  which  Uada  to  the  Uf^bafl  dogate  of 
"  human  bappinefs ;  a hap^ncs, whidi 
*<  conflfts  only  in  the  dumimon  of 
**  rtafon,  in  thinking  juftly,  and  adiag 
"  uprightly." 

POUTICS. 
.  It  qin  fcaroely  be  expe^ed,  that  in  a 
country,  .where  the  pcditiiai  intercflt  of 
fo  great  a  variety  of  fovcrcign  flates  are 
not,  cemcntfd  Of  9^e  e^ifmmn  tic,  there 
ihould  appear  many  impanial  difqaiii* 
tions.  By  far  the  gEcatcr  number  of 
books,  pttbliflicd  on  the  fdlMcd  of  poli- 
tirs,  in  Gtrmany,  are  tcanuations  from 
the  French  or  Englvfli,  not  unfreqoeatly 
accoiTipanied  with  notes  and  cammen- 
tariei.  This  circamftance,  however,  af- 
ftjrds  no  proof,  that  the  Germans  pofleft 
no  ^olitic<il  talents,  nor,  that  they  hive 
no  original  writeis  in  this  favourite  braoch 
of  Enfii/b  literature.  We  have  already 
mentioned  the  names  of  Schlo/tr,  and 
Schiller,  in  the  preceding  article,  to 
which  we  might  add  a  long  Tift  nf  oti.cn, 
if  we  were  not  limited  in  our  pUn.  We 
muft  content  ourfelres  with  mentiooisg 
one  or  two  publications,  that  have  buy 
appeared  in  this  department.  Mr. 
Genz,  a  gentleman  in  a  high  ftatioo  at 
the  court  of  Berlin,  prefcnted  the  new 
king  of  Pru(r»,  Frederic  William  111. 
on  the  day  of  his  afceniioo  to  the  throoe 
(November  16th,  1797),  with  a  ve7  fpi- 
rited  add  reft,  which  ia  now  printed, 
and  which,  though  it  fiUa  only  26  pages, 
odavo,  is  replete  with  the  moft  curioot 
and  interefting  matter^  fuch  as  was, 
perhaps,  never  before  exhibited  to  the 
view  of  an  abfolute  monarch,  by  a  pri- 
vate individual.  It  is  confidently  re- 
poned,  that  the  young  king  received 
this  truly  patriotic  advice  of  Mr.  Giai 
with  marks  of  fatisfa6Hon,  and  has  not 
only  munificently  rewarded  him,  but  lus 
a/fu*ilfy  adopted  the  principal  fupcOioos 
of  this  modern  Theophron.  ftisim- 
pofTible  to  abridge  the  important  troths 
conveyed  in  theie  fiew  page^«  which  are 
already  ia  much  condenfed ;  but  we  ih^J 
gratify  our  reader^  with  the  perofilof 
one  paf&ige  only,  leUtive  to  the  libtny 
of  the  preli,  and  which  we  deem  wor* 
thy  of  being  tranflated.  ■'  Of  all  ob* 
•*  jeas,'*  lays  Mr.  G.  "  that  gfoui 
*'  under  the  detcfiable  weight  ot  fct* 
V  ters,  none  arc. more  opi^reflcd  br  it 
*'  than  the  opinions  of  man.  This  ijpe* 
**  cics  of  oppreffion  is  not  merely  [kf- 
«*  uiciouft,  becaafc  it  pMona  the  goodi 
*^  -but  alfo,  bccauTe  it  imtmdistely  pro* 
*<  motes  the  bad.  Withoot  atteaihn;  » 
^  any  oUvur  ummatLi,  \i»^k<»^^' 


Vol.  v.]    Xjtrofpea  rf'Gefmmt  Lihrature.-^Biogrdphy,  6fr.  ^i  J. 


«'  fentbl  drconiftftpce,  which  cxdtfliv^ely 
••  and  peremf^rorily  condemns  every  law 
*'  impolrag  reftnftiont  on  the  prcfs ;  and 
**  this  circumdance  is  mdifputable,  name- 
'«  ly,  that  fuch  a  law  cannot  be  main. 
^  ta»ned,  or,  in  other  words,  that  it  may 
«<  be  eafily  evaded.    The  facititv  of  cir- 
**  cuUting  ideas  among  the  pubitc  i^  fo ' 
^*  great,  that  rcf^n6tions  of  this  kinl  are 
5*  turned    into    ridicule.    And    though 
^  fuch  laws  be  ineSe^ual,  they  are,  ne- 
^  verthelefs,  calculated  to  produce  ani-' 
*'  oiofitics  ;  and  this  is  the  m<)ft  mifchiev- 
''  oos  p-irt  of  them,  that  they  are  apt  to 
**  irritate  the  very  clafs  of  men,  againft 
^  whom  they  are  dire6ted,and  to  ftimulate 
<*  thtfjf^  to  a  refiftancci  which  frequently  is 
^  not  only  fhccefsful,  but  is  likewife  con- 
^  ii<iered  as  meritorious  The  moft  wretch- 
^  cd  productions,  which,  on  account  of 
^  their  mtriniic  merit,  coatd  not  expcft 
**  to  live  two  hours,  make  their  way 
«*  wWi  the  public,  becaufe  a  fort  of  rage, 
^*  or  fatality,  feems  to  be  conne^ed  with 
^  their  origin.    The  only  antidotes,  the 
**  produ6kioiM  of  better  writers,  lofe  their 
f*  cflfe^t,  becaufe  the  ignorant  are  but 
*'  too  pro^e  to  confound  him  wl^o  fpeaks 
f*  of  limitation,  with  h^n^  who  approves 
**  of  what  is  t^nju^ ;  hence,  fire,  let  the 
«*  lihfrty  of  the  prefs  be  the  unalterable 
•«  principle  9f  yoi^r  eovernment »  Never 
**  wiU  tnis  fyftem  roller  dangers  in  a 
^  well* regulated   ftate ;    never  bas  this 
<«  fyftem   proved  dingerous  to  fuch  a 
f*  ftate  :  for,  in  thofe  countries  where  it 
••  has  become  deftru6^ive,  deftru£tion  had 
#«  already  preceded,  and  the   voracious 
^*  infers  were  generated  only  beneath 
•*  the  mouldering  njins/*— I>r.  Dorm's 
fmall,  but  claflical,  work,  intitled,  ^  Re. 
Hedions  on   lfUxi|ry,  the  Taxations  of 
Lruxurv,  and  their  ObjeCts,  principally  ii| 
a  Political  and  Stati ftical  View/'  defervp^ 
to  be  rciul  by  every  financier,  particilarly 
in  thofe  countries,  where  the  obje^b  of 
taxation  muft  be  occa(iona|ty  /htficd,  ai 
they  become  nearly  ei^haufted  \  or.  per- 
ha  >s  f^<u  the  lamentable  circumftance, 
that  the  premiers  of  fiich  devoted  coun- 
tries  are  equally  obftinite  in  their  ruinous 
plans,  amf  unacquainted  with  real  life. 
The  author  has  takfn  a  cdmprehenfive 
view  of  rhi<  fubjeSt,  and  prcmifcs  hia 
profound  and  juft  obfervations  with  the 
fol  lowing  definition  oi  Inxwrys  <*  Itcon- 
•«  <iftt,'*  fays  he,  "-In  the  confumption  of 
««  thin«^.  which  aim  at  fuch  a  degree  of 
#<  coQ. ^niencjT  and  enjoyment  of  life,  as 
^  may  be  difpenfed.  with  in  our  indi- 
te tidtt^l    lituation,   without    d'^trimem 
¥-  to  ouf  ^hyfi«al|  %ifil»  fad  inicUeCM 


"  cEiftencc;"  things,  therefore,  which 
can  be  confidered  a%  objects  of  luxury,*' 
•'  carry  along  with  th;m  a  cerain  de- 
**  grcc  of  inutility,  of  fcarcity,  and  of  re- ' 
*•  nncnnent ;  yet  always  in  a  relative  fcnfc 
••  only,  never  abfolutcly," 

BIOGRAPHY. 

'  Akhoujh  the  Germans  poffefs,  per- 
haps, a  greater  number  of  individual  de-' 
feriptions  of  the  Ivps  of  eminent  men  ; 
yet  in  collections  and  biographical  die* 
tionaries  the  Bnglilh  have  obvioufly  the 
advantage.     Among  the  few  publications 
of  the  latter  kind,  we  take  notice  of  4 
"  CoHe6tioii  of   Pictures,  rcprcfcnting 
learned  Men  and  Artifts^df  Gennihy),; 
together  with  ftort   Accounts  of  their- 
Lives."  Of  this  {Publication  the  nineteenth 
and  twentieth  numbers  have  lately  ap- 
peared :  "the  places  are  well  executed } 
and  the  biographies,  though  rather  too 
concife,  are  wdl  and  impartially  writ- 
ten.    Among    the    variety    of^   other 
•*  Lives"  poured  forth  bv  the  German 
prefs,  we  fliall  mention  only  that  of  John 
Hciiry  Tifchbein,    formerly  counjellor 
and   aulic  painter  to  the  l^ndgrayt   of 
Hcffe  Caffel.     His  life,  which  is  here* 
defcribed  by  Prof.  ENCELSCifi^LL,  o^ 
Marpurg,  is  uncommonly  ii^ftru6Hve  an^ 
important,  in  as  much  a$  (c  exhibits  the 
fubje6t  in  his  double  capacity,  as  a  matt 
and  an  ariift,    T^^'^  i<  further  annexe^ 
to  thi«  life,  ^  ''  y^6t\xft  in  Commemora^ 
tlon  of  Tifcbbein^  read  in  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries  at  Ciflel,  in  April,  1790^ 
by  Counfellor  and  ProfelTor  Ca/^arfin^^ 
In  this,  the  merits  of  the  deceafed  art 
duly  appreciated;    and  wc   meet  with 
many  vali^ibie  remarks,  which  may  be 
read,   with  eqiul  (atisfadion,  by  ever^r 
lover  of  the  arts,  as  well  ai  by  future 
biograpl^ers. 
QeooRAPHY  And  topography. 
in  thefe  branches  the  accuracy  and  in« 
duftryof  the  Qe.mani  is  univerfally  aci 
knowledged.      Since  the  days   of  Bii« 
sc  H I N  G,  the  names  of  Fu  rst  e  Rf  F  a  B  Rr. 
KtiiOEL,  ZAca,  and  ^BBi,iNa,  ftand 
foremoft   among   modern    geographers. 
As  an  elementary  book  there  has  appear* 
ed  lately,  •*  An  Introdu^on  to  IVTatbe^ 
marical  and  Phyiical  Geography,  Part  I. 
with  two  Maps  by  Stotzmann,  an4 
twQ  Plates,  14s  pp.  large  ouarto,  Qer* 
lin,  1797"  (without  the  autnor's  name). 
This  elegan'  and  accurate  wi)rk  it  chiefly 
deiigned  for  the  ufe  of  young  people,  and 
females  in  particular,  who  ape  not  in  R 
istuazion,in  which  they  can  s^cquine  a  pro* 
found  knowledj^p  in  phytics  and  mathe« 
matics.    Wc  muft  oiuy  regret,  that  the 
I  y  «  anoi\ymott« 


anonymous  author  ha«  copied  the  pMcal 
^cfcriptinn  t  f  ihc  globe,  verhattm^  trom 
ProfeUot  Klucei.^  valuable  EKcycbpedia^ 


f 


-  without  acknowledging  the  fource  from- 
whicfk  he  has  t.<keii  it.  Plesmakn's 
'*  Manual  of.  a  general  Phvfical  Ge0* 
graph V,  for  the  tJfe  of  Schools  and  Aca- 
demies *'  is,  likcwife,  upon  the  .wholes  a 
good  compilation,  though  \^t  meet  with 
feveral  inaccuracies,  particularly  in  the 

J'ecgnollical  part  of  it.  '•  The  New 
'i^lure  of  Vieona/'  ^*^T,  puhliflied  bj 
an  anonvirous  author,  arnnrds  the  beft 
V  d  moft  correal  view  of  this  metropolis, 
fince  the  **  sketches,"  by  Pf  ZZL,  ap. 
penredy  in  the  reign  o^  Jofeph  II..  The 
moCk  imereding,  as  well  as  the  moft  com- 
prehenfive,  of  all  geographical  works 
BOW  carried  on  in  Kuroj^e,  ho>vever,  is 
t^^e  "  General  Gecgraphical  Eph^me- 
lides,"  comp<»fid  by  a  lociety  of  ipen  of 
letters,  and  c^jted  by  F.  von  Zach, 
ipajo'  in  the  fervice  of  the  duke  of  S^xe- 
^otha,'Bnd  dire^or  of  the  ducal  obfer- 
vatorv  at  Seebcrg,  near  Gotba,  The 
profeiTed  aim  of  this  work  is.  **  to  fcrve 
as  a  npoiitory  for  the  a(^ron<^mical  cbfer- 
vations  and  discoveries  made  in  ail  coun- 
tries, and  thus  to  form  a  pvmt  of  uni§n  bt» 
ifvren  (in  'ibt  aJlron^£Ti  and  Mfj/Uoriei 
ix  Eurrpe,**  pf^hefc  *  Ephcmcrides*  a 
number  )ias  appe^^red  every  month,  /ince 
the  i^  0*  J-nyry,  179S,  illuftratcd  occa- 
fiona,ly  with  , maps  :  and  as  Mr.  v.  Z.  it 
'6nc  .f  the  firft  aftrononl^rs  of  rhe  ai^e,  a 
m^n  of  profound  flail  and  tn<'efatigab!e 
tnd'.'itry,  a  man  who  is  already  connected 
w  rh  the  mofl  diftioguilhed  geographers 
of  iLuropc,  the  public  may  reafonably  ex- 
pert to  find,  in  rl  is  pu  Hcatinn,  one  of 
the  gr^aeft  drfiderata  happily  accom- 
pUActi*,     ,.    . 

NATURAL   HISTORY 

has  lately  received  many  valuable  accef- 
(lons  from  the  German  prefs.  T.  M. 
^KCHSTEiN*s  '*  concife  and  popuUr 
^atunl  Hiftory  of  fitrtign  and  native 
Plants,  in  two  large  Volumes  0£lavo, 
forming  together  1516  pag'S,*'  is  an  ex- 
cellent work,  And  well  adapted  to  fervf 
as  a  fcliool-b'ock  .*nd  for  private  (Itidy,  and 
to  facilitate  theacquiHtioti  of  o'her  fciences* 
Til';  author  has  introduced  whatever 
is  impor  ant  and  remarjiable  in  th?  ve- 
getable k  ngdom ;     be  hns   ^numerated 

f  Jhe  rr»drrs  of  the  Mpnihly  Magazine 
will  be  carefully  prefented  with  every  new  aiid 
interefti-g  laA  cotiMin^  d  in  Mr.  ZAtH*s  valu- 


abtc  j[ci 
can  tra 
fiombcri  wore  derived  Irom  this  iburcc. 


urnal.     The  Ictteis  rerpe<f^ing  the  A  fir', 
can  traviller,  Hornenr^ann,  contained  tooiuriajf 


iaft 


with  accuncv  all  the^geacn^f  plam,. 
at  the  end  of  every  clafs,  and  has  pro- 
vided the  whole  work  with  an  ufefal, 
(V Hematic,  and  an  alphabetical  todcx  ^ 
Jacob  Sturm's  "  h/ora  GtrKomeoy  ex- 
hibit! d  in  Pi6>uret  drawn  from  Nacuer 
with  Oefcriptions :  Il«.  Part.  Nnmb.  i. 
contains  the  ClaCs  G[y/>togamiay  in  fu- 
teen  coloured  Plates^'  O^vo,  and  an 
e<jpal  Number  of  Leaves  oiP  Letter-  jHrefs/* 
Fidelity  in  the  defcripiion^  accuracy  m- 
the  dehneation,  and  neatnefs  in  the  ese« 
cution  of  coloured  plants,  have,  perhaps, 
never  before  been  united  in  fo  emmcnt 
a  degree  as  %ve  iir.d  cbem  in  this  elegant 
publication.  A-  W.  Rotb's  '^kemarkt 
on  the  Study  of  the  aquatic  Plants  of  the 
Clafs  Cryptng;imia,^*  alio  defenes  to  be 
mentioned  with  praife,  as  it  coBtains 
many  ingenious  and  original  hints.  One 
of  tne  moft  accurate,  as  well  as  moft  io- 
(lru{)ive,pubiicationson  botany  isChris- 
TiAN  S'H Ruhr's  *'  B^itanical  Manual," 
of  which  we  have  feeu  rhe  20th  number* 
containing  from  the  lejd  to  the  aSitb 

f>lates  o^avo,  conclodioi^  the  third  vo- 
ume,  that  begins  with  the  genera  of  the 
18th  clafs,  PolyaJilphia^  and  extends  at 
far  as  the  Po/ygamia  ittatgitria.  The 
author  is  one  ojf  t^  moft  ceUbrated  art- 
i(ts  inGermany,and  holdsa  high  rank  like- 
wife  as  a  botaniical  obferver.  Weare  indebt- 
ed to  him  for  many  fonnd  crkieal  re- 
marks, with  which  he  has  greatty  en- 
naoced  the  valo^;  of  thrs  extenfive  pubii- 
cation.  Another  work,  equally^  ufefuii 
though  of  lefk  magnitude,  is  '*  The  Bota- 
nical Di^lionary,  or  an  Attempt  to  ex- 
plain the  principal  Ideas  and  technical 
Terms  in  Botany,**  by  Dr.  M.  B.  Bork- 
HAiaF.N,  in  t%vo  rolumes  o£lavo.  The 
ihon  hiftory  of  botany  given  in  the  fe- 
ccnd  volume,  is  well  calcnltated  to  ioi« 
ti^re  the  young  lyro  in  the  iiody  of  that 
fcicnce  ;  and  throughout  the  nhole 
work,  the  author  Aiews«  by  bis  origsnal 
remarks  on  the  phyfiology  of  plants,  that 
ne  has  not  merely  compiled,  but  well  di- 

fcftcd  his  materials.  ♦*  The  Annals  of 
orany,**  fey  Dr.  Paulvs  Ustebi,  of 
which  the  At  ft  and  tad  numbers  (or  the 
15th  and  16th  numbers  of  the  new  fe- 
rics)  have  lately  appeared,  and  are  eo- 
irichcd  with  feveral  Hue  plates,  in  th^ 
coUe^ioa  uf  botanical  eflays  the  author 
communicates  his  own  obfenrations,  as 
well  as  ihofe  of*  hh  friei)d8,.with  a  view 
of  improving  the  Ljnnann  fyfiem.  M^- 
Jiy  of  the  late  difcoveries  in  that  fcicBce, 
particularly  fome  made  by  HAYNb, 
Savi,    Roth,    HasE,    wildekow, 

T4XKE5 


VpT/yO     lUtfflfifiaifG^mimlMirBtwru^ifafufalPy  5I7 


ScRflaLDElif  aii4  otHert,  are  'highly  in-^ 
tcxefting*  Before  we  conjchide  this  arti- 
cle, we  ihuft  notiee  a.work  lately  pub- 
It&ed  ia  Latin,  at  Niirenberg,  and  which 
concaim  a  rei^^iokv  of  fome  very  valuable 
and  partiy.foarce  botaaicai  elTays,  reia* 
tive  to  SpMith  plabtt;  it  is  entitled 
«'  Saripiores' dt  Plwnis  Wj^uiSf  Lu6ta- 
mm^rafilienfikis^  cubtncmt  £sf  tecudi  cma" 
i^tJF.Ji  R$!&i£R^M.D.nimiab.2en,viii." 

KATUftAl    PHltOSO^Ky. 

Thk  it  one  uf  the  favorite  purfnits  of 
,the  Germaaf,   and   it  is  uaiformljr   aU 
lowed  that,  in  pby(ic»,  th^y  are  Iccond 
to  notie :  we  (bait  mention,  a  few  of  their 
lateft.  pubUcaiiatos.    M  The  Ouchnef^of 
^Jatural    Phtlolophy/*    by    Dr.    D.    L. 
BouRCCET,  prof,  of  chemtdrv.  in  tU^ 
royal      Medico- chijrurgica I    Coliege    at 
Berlin^  3x6  pp.  o6tavo,  wkfa  two  platca 
(.1798),  is  a  rerv  excellent  compendium 
for  Audents.     And  thoagh  the  aathor 
does   Bot  thronghouc   claim   the-  merit 
of   originality,    as  he  has  chicAy    fei- 
lowed    the    prrinciptes.  Of     Gren   and 
KLiiofiLr  two  naturaUft»  of    the  firft 
rank  ;  yet,  upon  the  whole,'  his  book  it 
one  4i£  the  beft  and  eoncifeft  on  that  fub- 
jcA.     Another  work  of  a.iimilar  nature, 
is,  <*  The  filementt  of  experimental  Phi- 
k^hy,  ftetehed  in  iu  cbemicgl  I>epart- 
raent,  according  to  the  Modern.  Theory, 
and  deiigaed  for  a  Guide  to  academical 
Lef^ures,  aa  well  as^or   the   Vfe   of 
Schools,"  by  J.  G.  F.Tckradfr,  Dr. 
and  Prof,  of  Fhilofophy  at  Ktei,    i3 
flieets,  with  66  cuts  printed  on  the  pa- 
per with  the  letter-prefs.    In  this  ufeful 
compilation,  too, -the  editor  has  chofen 
Gren  and  Lights nbf<rg  as  hiscuides; 
but,  with  refped  to  the  external  foraii 
and    the    internal  arrangement  of   the 
work,   Dr.  S.  appears  to  hare  adopted 
Achard's  elementary  book  on  the  lame 
iubjedlvat  hit  mode).  Although  we  cannot 
pronounce  this  fmall  book  altogether  free 
iProm  ernors  and  inaccuracies,  it  ft  ill  remains 
OQC  of  the  mod  inftruftive,  and  unqaef- 
tionably  the  cheapeft  book  of  the  kind. 
(*  The  Pocket-book  for  the  Ufe  of  Che- 
inids  and  Apothecaries,   for  the  Yeat 
1798,  p.p.  at  a.  with  a  plate,"  contiauea 
lo  fumiih  a  {nieBt  variety  of  chemical 
f  nd  pharmaceutical  treatifesi  as  wdl  at 
^he  lateft  diicovcries  -mllde  in  tfaefe  fci- 
enctf.    It  may,  perhapS|  not  be  known 
to  evefy  Enghdi  reader,  that  the  prefent 
tlready.it  the   19th  continuatbn  uf  thit 
f  Boobet-book/  which  is  edited  by  the 
cplebrated  Mr.    GdTTtlNCf,   prsf.  irf 
€htiaiftf}atl$a|» 


AtTROtfOMT 

has  been  cultivaced  arn  >n^  the  GernMoa 
with  uncommKi  indu!>ry  and  fuceeis* 
Since  the  days  of  CorcRNi^cys  and 
G\htliMOt  rtiis  hat  been  one  of  thsmuft 
falhionnble  purfjitson  the  onco-^nt,  t^d, 
parciculariy  in  Germany,  «vh^crc^ata  Ytty 
early  period  it  alTumed  a  fyAeiintic  farm. 
It  is  with  pi  afarc  we  Hid  the  in4efa- 
tigdbie  U  >0£,  ailrono.ner  ti  the  kin^ef 
Prufii'i.  cv)ntinuin^  hi*  ^'  Colleftion  of  aC- 
tronomical  KfTiys,  <>H*ervationii,  and 
^ccouYKtt  bein^  the  third  lUppier&cnt^irr 
V>lume  to  his  Af^ranomical  AoQals.'* 
This  voiume  is  chieBy  indebted  fur  ica 
rich  matenals  to  tli&4earned .  major  v. 
Zaoh,  Who  has  fumiihed  thcf-editor  with 
the  greater  number  of  the  fa^  here 
ftated ;  for  among  th^  twenty. Bve  ar- 
tieies  conta.ned  in  this  eontinua^ido, 
twenty  of  them  are  communicated. by 
that  gentleman.  We  muft  further  an ^ 
nominee  the  appearance  of  Mr.  Bore's 
**  Agronomical  An nais  for  the  ITcar  18^01 
together  wUli  a  Coiie^ioh  of  ths  htstr 
Treatifes,  ObCervations,  and  Accounts* 
relative  to  the  agronomical  Sciences.^*' 
As  the  merits  of  rhis  author,  and  efpe-* 
cially  his  incomparable  accuracy,  are  hiU 

Seftabiifhed  and  acknowledged  by  all 
e  literati  of  the  a^e,  it  is  needlers  t« 
enlarge  upon  them  in  this  place.  \Ve« 
however,  think  it  our  doty  to  remark-, 
\hat  Mr.  B.  wouM  be  not  a  litde  pui* 
tied  at  the  queftrons  litdy  agitated  inofr* 
iain  literary  circles  in  this  country, .  re- 
fpe&ihg  the  beginning  of  the  niti^eetuh 
century !  1  t  To  thcrfe  cuHoifs  gentle- 
men, therefore,  who  are  in  good  eakiieft^ 
refpe^ing  this  frivolous  problem*  we 
muft  refer  Mr.  B.*s  Aftronomical  Alma- 
nack, which>  it  is  to  be  hoped,  will  di)*- 
tin£tly  explain  to  them,  that  th^  nine- 
teenth century  cannot  begin  btfore  tkki 
cighteenrhis  aAualiy  expired,  i.  e.  after 
the  laft  hooi*of  the.  31ft  of  Deeeuiber» 
t8oo;  or  with  the  firft  h  iur  of  the  ift 
of  January^  180 1.  Another  work  of 
original  merit,  or  at  lea  ft  a  new  edition 
of  it,  is  InmAsrvEL  Kavt's  <<  Gnnerai 
Hiftory  of  Nature,  and  Theory  of  the 
Heavens;  or,  an  Eflfiy  on  the  C(mftit<i<. 
tion  and  mechanical  Origin  of  the  Fk- 
bric  of  the  World,  according  to  the 
'Principles  of  Newton."  The  firft  edi- 
ti6n  or  this  profound  work  appeared  at 
Konigfbcre,  in  1755;  but  as  tt  has  of 
late  years  become  (carcet,  the  author 'was 
prevailed  upon  to  revife  the  woHc  him- 
felf,  and-  to  prefent  the  fuMtc  wrth  « 
corrected  edition.  The  rank  which  K. 
holds  among  the  philofqihffc^iof  tbt  ^tfei. 

feat 


stft 


Reiro^  tfGtrmM  Li&ntmn^'miMris^  t:h. 


tS^pw 


lent  daf,  and  \m  mode  of  reafoning  on 
f«bje£lft  of  the  6rft  importance,  arc  ai* 
rrady  known  in  this  counCr)r»  by  two 
diicrent  publications,  which  have  iacetj 
appeared  on  the  ekmcnta  of  the  criiicai 
jKtofophy*. 

AH1>   AND   MANUFACTURES. 

It  cannot  be  faid  with  juftice,that  the 
'GcrmaDs  excel  cither  the  French  or  the 
£Bglilb»  m  this  profitable  department ; 
bitt  if  they  are  dcHctent  in  the  pra£lical 
OAft  of  technology, their  method  of  writ* 
iBg  on  fiihjcAt  ci  the  arcs  and  manufac* 
tnr«s  certainly  is  more  fyilematic  than 
ID  other  countries,  where  human  inge- 
vnky  tends  to  petfe^ionate  the  pra£^ice> 
saiher  than  the  theoryt  of  the  aru.  The 
Ipteft.  aid  inoft  important  work  in  this 
braneh  of  knowledge  is  ^Tbe  Commer- 
cial Encyclopedia,  or  a  complete  Manual 
of  Trade  and  Commerce,  reduced  te  a 
IvAematic  Order/'  by  G.  H.  Bv6E.  Tli* 
ftrfl  part  of  this  work,  which  only  up* 
pcnred  in  May  laft,  contains  a  fyftematir 
nrmngement  of  all  articles  of  merchant 
diie»  accompanied  with  their  chemical 
teftsof  criteria,  which  are  pointed  out 
and  delcribed  in  the  plaiaeft  manner 
by  one  of  the  fi^ft  German  ehemiAa, 
Prof,  T&OMMSOORF.  Wp  wilh  for  a 
fpeedy  continuation  of  this  valuable  work» 
which,  OB  account  of  iu  general  utility, 
lyftematie  arrangement,  and  concifeneu, 
iorpaflea  every  work  of  the  kind  hither- 
to pttbliihedi  Another  worki  not  unlike 
the  Engliih  Repenory  of  the  Arts  and 
Manufadures,  oitt  on  a  more  cxtenitve 
plan,  is  **  J.Q.  Gbisler's  DdcriptioD 
and  Uiltory  of  the  principal  Inllruniems 
and  Machines  of  the  raoft  recent  JnvenT 
tion,  and  their  mechanical  Application  ex- 
plained  upon  fcientitic  Principles ;  for 
the  Ufe  of  Artiis  and  Amateurs/*  In 
Part  VIII.  w«  find,  bcfides  many  other 
curious  articles,  a  defcription  of  Wie. 
SibHMAiiM*a  failing  wtndmiU,  and  a 
well  written  viexv  of  the  labo\|rs  of 
MciTrs.  Bl^ke,  CooKft,  f  aAN<fois, 
Thomsov,  Maura,  and  Fit%ge« 
RALDiOtttbefubicdt  of  ftcam  and  Ttvam-* 
engines.  The  editor  concludes  this 
volume  with  an  ace<  unt  of  a  new  invent- 
ed ree^  by  Mr.  PrasseNi  and  an  in- 
terefting  examination  qf  aftronomiial 
rings,  by  GoONt  de  BailHL.  A  w^rk 
chieBv  defigned  for  the  u<c  of  fcboots, 
and  tne  amufement  cf  tUUttann^  is  V  The 
Conjaror*s  Mechanifm,  or  a  DeCcrfption 
of  meckaoical    Amufemcnts,   with   th^ 

.  •  We  leier  to  the  worka  of  Mr.  l^iTScn 
andDf.  Wi^Ucn.  .     .. 


Apparatus  betonging  therecb^  by  J.  C. 
GiiTLE.'*    It  is  wcU  uikoUt^d  lo  alfcrd 
amuiemcnt,  and  to  ftimnlate  beginners 
to  tlie  farther  pnofecvtioo  of  the  ftudy 
of  mechanics.     "   The  new  MiCceUaay 
on  Subfedb  of  the  A  ts^  Sec.  bciiq^  a  Gon« 
tiouation  of  the  new  MuiSeum  for  Anifts, 
by  J.  G.  Meusei..*'    The  Mht  num. 
bcrs,  which  have  appeared  of  the  new 
feries,  are  no  lets  interefling  to  tbe  man 
of  letters,  than  they  are  loftru^ve  ta 
the  praaical  anift.    ^  The  Co«ref^M». 
dence  relative  to  the  Arts,  between  C. 
L.  V.  Hagsdokn  and  im  fricflds,  pub« 
li&ed  by  T.  ^adbn.  Prof. in  Kiel,  &c** 
contain  vaiuaUeflriduresoij  pasottng.aod 
an  impartial  examinatio»Qf  mavy  piSorcs 
belonging  to  the  gallery  of  the  late  Mr. 
M.  His  letters  are  replete  with  foond  re- 
marks  on  every  fpecies  of  painting ;  aod 
his  ftyle  evinces  the  paffionase-  lover  of 
the  arts.    The  charaaers  here  exhibited, 
of  feveral  painters  of  eminence,  deiervc 
to  be  read  and  ftudicd  by  every  friend  of 
the  ans,  particularly  \hoSt  of   Both* 
Beich,  rOaiiNT,  C^BRPvar,  Nich. 
BBRCH£M,MrERi&,r .  Milet^Okser, 
aad  Carres.    ^  The  piredory  (Ad- 
drefi'Lexicon)  of  the  Manufadorics  of 
Germany,  and  fomc  neifghboujiiig  coun- 
tries  ^  or  a  Lift  of  the  Manafaduseis  in 
thoTe  Cottntri^  their  ProdaQsoDs,  and 
the  Fairs  which  they  frccpsentt"  is  a 
work  of  general  utility,  aad  the  jfiry?  at^ 
temnt  of  tbe  kii^  in  Germany.    As  the 
gpods  afid  arttcWof  trade  ane  alphabe. 
ticallj  arranged*  and  accompanied  with 
concife  explanations  rcUtive  to  the  value 
and  quality  of  merchandife,  thia  !  Dtrtc- 
tory'  is  pccuiaily  calculated^  to  inftniA 
|he  young  beginner,  as  well  a^  tiie  cxpe* 
riencid  oier&nt, 

MATHSMATJOt- 

Mathnaatical  learning  is  by  ao  mcaas 
negle^ed  in  Germany;  the  names  of 
\Vi)lf,  Licibnitt,  and  Ben|ouiUi,  have 
been  honoured  aoKMig  modem  ma* 
thematicians.  As  a  proof  of  our  afier- 
tion,  we  will  quote  Q.  Vega's  •*  Loga* 
rithmical  aod  Trigonometricai  Table,, 
together  with  other  Tables  and  iBxtra- 
plifications,  adapted  to  Prsdical  M^thc. 
matics,**  two  volumes  quanow  As  we 
cannot  enter  into  particulars,  fo&e  «r  to 
fay,  that  there  is  no  pubUcation  eatant.  ia 
any  lan^uaRC  or  country,  wfaicli  conuins 
fuch  a  treaiure  of  mathematical  kjBo«- 
ledjge  as  the  prefent,  parricularly  in  the, 
article  of  *  [f.fegraiiea  *  We  are  happy- 
to  obferve.  that  the  pious  >viik  of  i*Hvi<- 
1|ER,  for  a  Qonceoirated  ^iew  of  this 
fubjea  C^e«  hi%  ''  Primp.  Ji;alc.  £l>^ 

etc, 


V-ob  v.]       Sit^^l^Gtnuk  Ltttrmtan.'^Aftduim 


S^9 


•tc.  page  41 )«  hts  been,  in  great  niea*- 
Ciire,  l^uUilkd  by  this  careful  colle6liony 
thougb  it  is  far  from  being  fo  .complete 
SLi  to  require  no  further  iroprovemem's  ; 
but,  upon  the  .whole,  Mr.  V/a  induftry 
and  accuracy  cannot*  be  difputed  by  im- 
partial jtidges.  Another  demonftration 
of  the  pevuliar  diligence  of  the  Germans, 
in  this  depanmem,  is  '*  The  Archir 
(Magazine)  for  Pure  and  Praftical  Ma- 
thcmatict;**  edited  by  G.  F.  Hinden- 
B  BE  o ,  at  Le i pzig.  Of  t his  w€  have  fecn 
the  liach  number,  which  is  filled  with 
Oeveral  valuable^  eCfays,  written  by  the 
foliowiog  eminent  mathematicians, name- 
ly, Hi&NNKRT,    KlUCEL,   BuZENGLX- 

GER,  KiasTNEft,  Fischer,  Rothb, 
and  LiioiCKB.  We  cannot  concliide 
this  article  without  pointing  out  a  work 
wiiich  promifes  to  afford  great  fatisfac- 
tion  to  ev^ry  lover  of  literature;  viz. 
**The  literary  Hiilory  of  the  mathematical 
Sciences;  Vol.  1.  confaining  the  Litera- 
ture of  Mattttroatics  in  general,  of  A- 
rJtbmetic,  and  oeometiy  :"  or,  with  a 
Latin  title,  **  Bibiiotoeca  Matbrm^Ufca* 
auctore  F.  Gu.  A.  Murharo,  Vol.  I. 
Cfintmens  Scripta  generaiia^e  Mathefi, 
de  Arithmetics,  &  Geometrta."  Be- 
Hdes  the  fyftcmatic  catalogue  of  books, 
chronologicaUy  arranged  in  every  branch 
of  naathematics,  the  editor  has  carefully 
abridged  the  criticifms,  that  have  trom 
time  to  time  appeared  in  the  German  as 
weji  as  in  the  foreign  reviews* 
jurtspkuoekce. 
In  this  depaf  tment  we  6nd  but  a  few 
l»ook$  which  can  interdt  the  EngliOi 
reader.  Tht  Germany  has  prodtlced 
gtiAt. lawyers,  fuch  a^  Pu»fendorp, 
WoLFius,  PUtter,  and  many  others 
cannot  be  denied ;  but  the  public >  and 
privat^e  law  of  that  country  beinc;  na- 
tiooal  in  fpirit  and  form,  it  would  oe  an 
unpro&taolc  uik  to  introduce  any  other 
than  fuch  works  as  treat  upon  i;enerai 
principles.  Of  th's  nature  is  "  The  Li- 
brary of  Criminal  J urifprudence,  and  the 
Knowledge  of  Law  in  general,*'  by  Dr* 
C.  Grol'man.  No  fci^nce  has  a  great* 
cr  inilueoceon  the  welfare  or  dellrud^ion 
nf  foci  Of  y,  than  that  of  criminal  law ; 
and  y ft  it  is  perhaps  the  moft  unfcttled 
in  theory/  as  well  as  the  moft  wavering 
in  praAice,  With  the  benevolent  inten- 
tion of  removing  thefe  obftacles,  and  cf 
adviiocingn  ftep  farther /than  his  prede- 
^flbrs  ha^e  done,  the  fame  author  has 
v^ry  lately  publi/hed  **  The  Principles  pf 
Criminal  Law,  together  with  a  fyftematfc 
View  of  the  Criminal  Law  of  Ger- 
many," 1798,  pp.  $00,  o£tav9.    Id  th« 


excellent  treatife  Dr.  G.  not  only  exfai« 
bits  the  fpirit  of  the  pbfttive  law,  accord- 
ing; to  the  German  conllitution,  but  he 
alio  Unfolds  in  a  complete  and  perfpicu* 
ous  manner  the  whok  fyftem  ot  law,  by 
reducing  it  to  the  clear  and  tenable 
principles  of  the  law  of  puniihmeAt  ia 
general.    In 

MEDICINE 

we  Bnd  the  Germans  more  bofily  cm* 
ployed  than  in  any  other  department, 
livery  branch  of  medicine  is  cultivated 
among  them  with  uncommon  ardour; 
and  anatomy,  in  particular,  has  of  late 
years  been  fuccehfully  ftudicd.  There 
IS,  perhaps,  no  medical  man  in  this  coun* 
try  who  is  unacauaintcd  with  the  works 
and  merits  of  Walter,  SSmmerikg^ 
Lebeb,.  Meckel,  Loder,  M&tx- 
G£r,  and  many  other  celebrated  anato* 
mitU  of  the  prefent  day  in  Germany^ 
Onc'of  the  lateft  publications  is  '  Sam. 
TflOM.  SoMM  E  r f  N  G  Ta^ff/a  S^eUii  fi* 
tm/iiKjfjitnlia  DeftTi^none  j  fol.  roy."  By 
this  table  the  Jearncd  prot'tflbr  has  en*" 
deavoured  to  All  up  a  chafm  in  anatomy, 
that  hab  exiftcd  ever  fince  the  appearance 
of  f he  raafterly  plates ot  Albinus,  which 
exhibit  the  mac  ikcleron.  And  thougb 
the  female  Ikdeton  by  bdmroering  b.  nor, 
in  every  relpect,  equal  to  th<tt  by  Albi« 
nus,  it  is  neverthelels  a  valuable  accetfion 
to  the  '  latter  work.  In  pKyiiology  and 
pathology  fevcral  excellent  worktT  havi^ 
lately  been  publtihed,  of  which  we  muft 
notice  Prof.  Sprrngel's  ^*  General  Pa- 
thology," in  three  volumes,  o6tavo,  and 
Prof.  Reil's  book,  "  On  the  Knowledge 
and  Cure  of  Fevers;*'  the  firft  part  of 
which  contains  the  general  du£(rtne  of 
fevers,  m  $80  pages,  octavo.  The  for* 
mer  work  renders  that  of  Gaubius,  ott 
the  fame  fubjed,  ubfoiete  :  the  latter  it 
the  produdlion  of  a  man  who  neither  in« 
volves  himfelf  in  theories,  or  fubtle  hy» 
porhefes,  nor-  wilhea  to  explain  every 
thing  by  explaining  nothing ;  but  it  is  the 
work  of  a  phvlician,\vho,  through  many 
new  and  fertile  ideas,  difcoivers  a  genuine 
philofophic  fpirit,  who,  after  a  long  ex- 
perience, onlv  wi(hei  to  theorize,  who 
confeJes  with  modefty,  that  much  re* 
mains  to  be  explained!  and  whofe  ac^ 
knowledged  merits,  in  medical  fcienccy 
receive  additional  luilre  from  this  valuable 
publication.  The  fame  author  continue* 
to  publiOi  the  "  Phvilological  Magazine,** 
begun  in  1796,  of  which  two' volumea 
have  been  completed.  Of  this  publica- 
tion we  can  only-  Uy,  that  the  Mi  medW 
cal  characters  in  Germany  fupport  tc  by 
their  corrcfpondence ;  and  that  it  is  chiefly 

dcligned 


jao 


MttiiffiA^Gi 


tSup. 


dkftgved  «  •  rcfwfitory  for  profnntm^  s 
mmnc  rxicnljvc  iuv«fiig4foii,  and  i  mort 

aaii:v>l  iKMJicft  a6^.  •*  The  Ou4ncs  of  a 
^yttvm  of  Nofwinoy/'  bv  Dr.  W.  G. 
Flovcquki  .dctlr^c  m  bt  ned  with  at- 
ttrti^o  by  cvirv  nxrilkai  f'udcBi.  The 
auih<  r  of  ihs  book,  is  wcU  kneun  in  the 
licciary  world,  by  his  •*  Rrffuonun  Mr- 
dttp-Fratiuum^"  uhcb  is  now  near  ks 
€«icUili«>o,  is  tbc  9  h  voisnie  of  if,  in 
^varto.  is  ■  the  prtfs^aiid  another  vo- 
llNVC  will  frrbaily  comtudc  it.  **  On 
tile  Ondtlca  on  ot  Pjiv  ficians  at  the  Pa- 
«imu'  bed.  and  bpnn  their  rektivc  Du- 
ties in  g<  lural,"  bv  J  Stieglitz.  is  an 
iri^niuu^  aiid  wil.u  fitan  tnaiire  But 
^i:  curious  ^hcnoiDtnon  on  the  Gcrmin 
borudp,  ts,.  **lbc  Examination  of  the 
Brua«aiian  Syftcm  of  Kjcdiiine,  by  the 
Teii  uf  tarericncc,  at  the  B<d4ide  of 
F^ticuTs,"  djicd  by  Dr.  A.  \  Marcvs, 
irti  phyfician  in  the  infi:mary  ar  Bam* 
berg.  VV'e  purpofely  rcfratn  from  faying 
aay  thing  foioragaii-.ft  tlv  .  pplicBtion  3[ 
^mio\  pasidoii^  tenets  to  itic  prac- 
tice of  medcine;  we  Ih  il,  ho  •  ever, 
9rmarky  that  tbe  Germans  lock  upon 
every  ui'rv  difcoviry  or  inTcn  ion,  pro- 
ceeding from  this  cour.tiy,  wUh  much 
%eoeraiiAn,  whith  (cems,  as  it  were,  to 
letter  their  in<|iiiriMvc  mind^,  and  miike 
them  the  dtipct  cf  our  bold  advcnruier«. 
It  if  Utrther  uortkry  of  notice,  that  the 
M  publication  t  y  Dr.  M.  is  of  a  peri- 
r^ical  kind,  and  thai  he  propofcs  to  con- 
tinue h  every  three  months.  The  lall 
»edical  ^ublicaticn  t\e  Aiall  mcinion,  is 
nflt  lifs  deierxing  of  notice  :  ••  The  Me- 
dic .4  National  Gazette  of  Germany,'* 
begnn  in  January  Ul\,  and  fupported  by 
SI  great  number  o^  rcipc^aUc  phyficians; 
this  paper  is  intended  as  a  vehicle,  or 
point  oi  union,  through  which  medical 
iren  may  h»vc  a  fair  and  conftant  oppor- 
iiin  t.y  of  CGir.  muni  eating  the  ir  reciprocal 
'^pinicni.  /,s  fpccuiativc  matters  form 
A'j  p;.rt  of  the  editor's  plan,  there  is  no 
doult  but  a  work  <vf  thik  nature  will  be 
«!  rci»i  and  txtenfive  utility. 

DIVINITY. 

Formerly  this  was  a  flouriftiing  branch 
of  ftudy  among  tte  Germ«ns  •  but  it  is 
now  in  a  rapid  dcdinc,  if  vc  except  bib- 
lical criticifm  and  cxeter.s.  ConirovciriMl, 
and  particularly,  fymbolical  writings,. 
are  almoft  exploded  by  the  more  capti- 
vating (though  not  Icfs  abftrufc)  inqui- 
ries, carrying  t>n  with  great  vigour  by  the 
*  Crttical  Ptitq/of'bers  /  \V  iih  t he  h oa  ry 
Viofeffor  Kant  at  their  head,  they  have 
vcrrly  tx|)elied  the  arrogant  and  odious 


fyftcBi  cf  d9gm0bfim^  m  Itti,  fcm  the 
proteftamt  fcbook.  It  it  not  oor  pro- 
viiKc  TO  decqp  either  the  one  or  the 
other  of  the  mcvailiiig  fyflema ;  but  it 
nvill  afibrd  plcafurc  to  every  friend  of 
fcienoe,  urheo  he  leans,  that  man  no 
longer  tubnits  to  be  ruicd  by  myfiertotis 
and  arbitrary  do^riaes,  i»bich  are  nei- 
ther calcniat.d  to  make  bin  happier, 
wiier,  or  better.  Let  the  terrorift  and 
alannift  keep  up  the  kme  and  ay 
againft  rtafn^  as  long  as  they  mxj  ;  this 
pi'wcrful  goddefs  will  uit'unatety  prevail 
It  is  not  phhhfky^  as  they  are  pleafed  to 
Dyic  it,  which  produces  infidelity,  anar 
chy,  and  contuiion  ;  it  is  ^j'atfi  fTftemof 
phdoTopby,  that  converts  man  into  a  fen- 
fu«)  and  fetfiib  being.  To  rerum  to  the 
fub^c^^  of  I'heology,  we  cannot  help 
remarking,  that,  within  thefe  few  year^, 
the  Gcrtaan  divines  breathe  a  very  dif- 
ferent  ipirit  from  that  Utely  manifeHed 
in  Great  Britain.  Religious  perfecutieo 
is  every  where  detefted,  and  their  pu^ 
pits  arc  not  profaned  by  political  dierel*. 
fions.— ^ReVgioo,  a  Concern  of  Man,*' 
is  a  iate  prododion  of  tbe  veiKrable 
Spaldivg,  coniiftory  -  counfellor  ac 
Berhn,  and  now  84  years  of  age.  We 
do  toot  remember  to  have  ever  found  fo 
much  vivacity,  and  knowledge  of  man* 
kind,  combined  in  an  individual  of  Mr. 
S's  age,  and,  at  the  fame  time,  fiich  a 
variety  of  important  matter  concentrated 
within  the  compaf^  of  a  few  Iheets.  His 
language  is  iietipicjous  and .  energetic, 
and  bis  (entiments  are  'tzprcflcd  in  a 
moft  animated  manner.  Dr.  A.  H. 
N  IE  Meyer's**  Lettets,  addrtflcd  to  the 
Proleflbrs  of  the  Chriftian  Religion," 
difplay  mncb  ingenuity  and  recondite 
lcamin)>,  and  ought  to  be  ftudied  by  sll 
tho(c  who  with  to  become  more  inti- 
mately acquainted  with  the  preftmt  fttte 
of  the  two  oppoiite  fyfteins,  *  Oittcal 
and  Hi/hriaU  Theology.'  "  The  Mi- 
iHial,  containing  the  Literature  of  Bb- 
lical  Critictfm  and  Exegcfis,*'  by  £.  P. 
K.  Rosen ftitiLLSR,  profeflbr  of  the 
Arabic  language,  in  the  utliCcriity^  ac 
Leip2ig,  is  a  laborious  undertaking,  in- 
afmuch  as  the  editor  not  merely  points 
out  every  work  belonging  to  btbKcal  li« 
tcrature,  but  likewife  Hates  the  deiign 
of  every  buthor,  in  what  degree  he  hai 
attained  ir,  and  for '  what  particnlar  pe« 
riod  and  fubjtdt  his  book  has  been,  or  is, 
ufcfui.  Among  the  inexfaauftfide  ftock^ 
of  **  Smmms,"  which  appear  in  Gcrmtnyv 
as  well  as  in  every  other  country,  wc 
ibail  point  out  the  lateft  and  mdl  po- 
pular.  •*  The  Seripoas  op  the  prevailing 

£rrorf 


VoL  v.]  Retrofina  ofQimum  LkiraUtri.-^oUte  I4tiraturi\  iic*   %%t 


Errors  and  Exigencies  of  the  prcfent 
Age,''  in  one  volume^ o^vo,  by  an  ano- 
nymous author,  are  not  only  wrincn  in 
corre^  and  beautiful  languaee,  but  the 
fentiments  do  honor  to  the  author. 
"  Sermons,"  by  G.  W.C.  Starke^  con- 
iift  of  feyen  of  the  beft  in  the  Qerman 
language!  not  inferior  to  thofe  of  the  ce- 
lebrated ZoLLiKor£R,  whole  name 
ilands  as  high  among  his  countrymen,  as 
that  of  Blair  in  this  country.  Of  V. 
C.  Veillodter's  "  Sermons  on  the 
Kpiftles  of  the  Sundays  and  Holydays  of 
the  whole  Year"  we  cannot  fpeak  with 
a  (imilar  degree  of  praife.  '*<  The  Mu- 
fieum  for  Preachers/'  by  I.R'.  G.  Beyer, 
contains  ufefullke^ches  of  fermons,  eflays 
on  imponant  fubje^b  of  theology,  ac- 
counts of  the  eccleliaQical  conftitution  in 
the  proteftant  and  catholic  parts  of  Ger- 
many, reviews  of  new  books  on  divi- 
nity, &c. 

POLITE  LITERATURE. 

Under  thii  head,  we  meet  with  a  very 
large  catalogue  of  publications  of  various 
merit,  from  which  we  have  (ele^lcd  the 
fullowing :— F.MaThissqn's**  Poems" 
defcrve  the  attention  of  every  Jover  of 
rural  poetry,  as  the  author  polTeires  pe- 
culiar powers  of  defcription,  and  is  not 
only  a  happy  painter  of  rural  fcenes,  but 
ec^ually  fucccflful  in  delineating  their 
cSe6ts  upon  the  mind.  .  That  the  Ger- 
mans are  fufceptible  of  the  beauties  con- 
tained in  this  little  volume,  is  fufficiently 
obvious',  frotn  the  circumftance  that  four 
double  editions  ^  have  been  printed  of  it 
(ince  i794»  that  is,  of  twodifieient  lizes. 
Mr.  M.  may .  be  juftly  compared  to  the 
BritiOt  Thomson,  whofe  **  Scafons" 
will  be  read  as  long  as' there  ihall  be  ad- 
mirers of  the  fimplicity  of  nature. — 
Prof.  Nasser,  of  Kiel,  has  jull  publiihed 
the  6rft  volume  of  his  **  Lectures  on  the 
Hiftory  of  Gcrnirin  Poetry  j"  a  work  re-» 
plete  with  judicious  criticifm,  and  much 
intereding  matter:  th^  fecond  volume  of 
rhefe  le6tures,  the  ingenious  author  pro- 
pofcs  to  publifli  in  September  next.-* 
••  Aiix^  dountefs  of  Tooloufe,  a  Tra- 
gedy, in  fiyc  Afts  ;  with  a  Preface 
on  the  prefent  chivalric  Romances,*' 
is  better  calculated  to  exhibit  the  re- 
lined  tafte  and  juft  fentiments  of  the 
;iuthor,  than  to  conyince  us,  that  he  has 

*  Editfons  of  Books  in  Germany  do  not  ge- 
nerally exceed  tliofe  of  books  in  England.  Of 
w orks  of  moderate  liile,  a  iair  edition  is  about 
I  COO}  vorksofftaodaidfale  extend,  in  each 
edition,  from  3»  U>  5,000  \  tltc  eftabliibcd  pe* 
(Jodtcal  works  run  from  3,  to  6,  and  8,000. 

Mu-N-iHLY  Mag.  No.  XXXIIl. 


beftowed  due  attention  upon  hiftorica! 
criticifm  relative  to  heroic  romances. 
"  Outlines  of  the  Theory  of  the  Art  of 
A£ting,  with  an  Analybs  of  the  comic 
and  tragic  Parts  of  Shakfpeare's  Falftaf 
and  Hamlet,*'  abound  with  excellent  re. 
marks,  and  both  charaders  are  comment- 
ed upon  with  uncommon  critical  faga-  ' 
city.  This  pamphlet  is  confidered  as  an 
iiitrodu£kion  to  an  elementary  work,  on 
this  fubjcft,  of  greater  extent :  its  author 
is  underftood  to  be  the  Chamberlain  VoM 
EiNsiEDEL,  of  %Vcimar.— In  the  de- 
partment of 

NOVELS  AND  ROMANCES 

we  are  obliged  to  be  cdnciCe ;  for,  as  our 
limits  will  not  admit  of  any  more  than  the 
bare  titles  of  the  books,  we  have  been  at 
forae  pains  of  felefting  the  moft  popular 
vvhich  have  lately  appeared  :  and,  ,with  a' 
view  of  affording  tne  reader  fome  oppor- 
tunity of  afcertaining  their  relative  va- 
lue, we  iball  place  thofe  of  fuperior  ex- 
cellence at  the  head  of  the  lift ;  though, 
in  ufpea  to  the  whole  of  this  retrofpeS^ 
the  publications  are  to  dc  confidered  as 
being  above '  mediocrity ;  viz,  «*  Family 
Stories,"  bv  A.  Lafontaine,  vol.  i. 
pp.  509,  vol.  ii.  pp.  495,  vol.  iii.  pp.  404, 
8vo.  179S  >  each  volume  embellifhed  with 
a  plate  and  vignette.  "  The  Calendar 
of  Romances,*'  for  the  year  1798,  wifh 
fix  plates,  edited  by  K.  Heinhard. 
"  Pocket-book,  devoted  to  the  Friends 
of  Mirth  and  Satire,"  edited  by  I.  D, 
Falk,  pp«  323,  pocket- fize,  for  the  year 
17^8.  •*  Man,  and  the  Heroes  j"  two 
fatirical  poems,  bv  the  fame  author,  1798, 
pp.  17 2»  pocket-laze.  "  Julia Griinihal  ;'f 
with  title-plates,  and  vignettes.  ««  The 
youngcft  Produ6iions  of  his  Mufe,"  by 
A.  V.  Kotzebue,  vol.  vi.  pp,  190,  Svo. 
^  The  HobgobUns,  or  ihort  Narratives 
from  the  Empire  of  Truth,"  by  S.  C  . 
Wagner,  part  i.  24,  and  4oo,*pp.  Svo. 
«•  The  Qjjarry,"  a  ftory,  by  the  author 
of  Jaobina,  pp.  334,  tvo.  Are  all 
•  works  of  (ingular  merit. 

bducation 
h  now  conduced  in  Oennimy  upon  a 
more  rational  plan  than  it  was  in  the 
tiAies  of  Leibnitz,  Wolf,  Gott- 
SCHED,  and  even  Gi^llert.  Since 
"  Pedagogical  Le£iures,"  by  Prof. 
Kant,  were  firft  delivered  in  the  uni- 
vcrfiiy  of  kdnigiberg,  as  a  regular  femef- 
trial  courfe,  many  excellent  fyftematic 
trcatifes  have,  from  time  to  time,  ap. 
peared,  by  various  authors ;  the  venerable 
founder  of  the  Critical  Syftem^  however, 
has  not  yet  publiflicd  his  own  original 
ideas  upon  this  important  fubjedl.  One 
3X  of 


;M 


Uttfdf^  tf  Spcn^Jb  Lfteratuff. 


f^^ 


of  rhe  moft  vatdable  works^  in  the  period 
of  our  TtXTofytlif  1^**  The  Moral  Sefcnces, 
a  Book  of  Inftru^oQ  on  Ethics,  ReH-. 
don,  and  Jurifpnidence;"  by  F.  H.  C. 
bCHWARZ,  paUor  rn  the  HefiCe  Darm- 
Itedt  dominions,  part  the  firft.  ••  The 
Catcchifm  of  Rcafon."  ••  A  eoiAplete 
Elememary  Bock  for  Schools  and  Adtflts, 
dcfigned  for  the  ImprovemeDt  of  the 
Heart  and  UndcrftandTug.'*  Another 
more  recent  work  of  conMerable  merit  it 
**  The  Catcchifm  of  the  Moral  0oc^ 
trine  of  Religion,  confonaht  to  the  Prin- 
cipicf  of  the  Sacred  Writ." 

MISCCLLANieS. 

Under  this  head,  we  might  fill  fereral 
pages  with  the  hare  titles  of  the  books 
which,  within  thefe  few  months,  have 
appeared.  For  want  of  room,  however, 
we  mtift  proceed  upon  a  ^ilar  plan,  to 
that  which  we  adopted  in  the  article  of 
<  Novels  and  Romances/  In  the>^clafs, 
we  ihall  mention :  **  The  Attic  Mufeum," 
tdiced  by  C.  M.  WrsLAKO,  of  which 
no  more  than  three  numben  have  jtt 
Appeared.  "  The  Graces"  (or,  in  Ger- 
man.  Die  lkren\  by  F.  Scbillbbi 
of  which  a  number  has  appeared  every 
month,  fince  January,  1795.  •*  MiN 
cellaneous  Philofophical  Effays,  relative 
to  Theology,  PoCtics,  Religion,  and  Mo- 
rals," by  L.  H.  Jakob»  profeflbr  of 
Jhilofophy,  at  Halle.  <«  The  Gttttingen 
ournaJ  of  Natural  Hiftoi^,  and  Natural 
Philofophy,'*  edited  by  I,  F.  Gmelin  5 
and  *'  The  Leaves  of  Mifcellaneous  Con- 
tents," publiihed  at  Oldenburg,  fix  vo* 
hjmei,  8vo.  from  tlte  year  178&  to  1797. 
In  xht  fectmd  z\9Lh^  we  place  the  follow- 
ing :  «*  The  Geographical,  Statiftfcal, 
and  Hiilorical  Magazine,'*  edited  by  J.  C. 
Fabrt,  profeiTor  of  phtlofophy,  three 
volumes,  8vd.  ♦•  The  Pocket-book,'  for 
the  Lover  of  Nature  and  Gardening,  for 
the  Year  1798,"  with  defigns,  and  other 
plates.    **  TranfadtioBi  and  Writings  of 


the  Hamborgh  Soekiff  ffor  ^  Pnmo- 
tion  of  the  Arts  and  «i<ffal  Trades,** 
four  volumesr  8vd.  with  \i  pftKcs,  and 
doubie  indexes,  from  ii^xxajtH.  <*An 
Attempt  towards  a  Syftcmatic^Eocydo- 
pedia  of  the  Sciences^  by  W.  T.  ILnuc, 
doaor  of  philofcphv,  &P-,part  L  pp.  i74» 
part  li.  pp.  a 42,  and  part  iti.  is  in  tlie  prefs. 
••  The  German    Magazine,'*   edited  by 
Profeflbr  von  E6 6 Bus,  in  moiKhly  nam* 
hers,  finee  the   year    I7^j,    containmg 
feven  ^eeta  every 'montfa,  wfth   plates 
and  Mufic    *«  Ad  Addrefs  to  die  Ge- 
nius of  the  deporting  Century*  rclatirt 
to  the  Exrirpntton   of  the    Small-pox' 
(a  poem),  |a  pp.  8vo.  nad  •*  Makro- 
TMVMIA,  or  Sflays  on  *tilB   Improre- 
mcnt  of  the  HuooaRace,*'  No.  i.  zo8  pp. 
8vo.    In  the  tbird  cla£i,  weenumerate  the 
following  vrorks  :   «•  The  Magazine  de- 
voted tb  the  Friends  of  Natural  Philofo* 
phy  and  Natural  Hiftoiy,**  edited  by  C. 
E.'Wbigel,  four  volumes,  8vo.    **D&- 
kimioHf  or  a  pradical  £flay  on  the  adiuzi 
RtlatioB  fubnfting  between  the  Spirits  of 
the  Dcccafed  and  thole  of  their   living 
Friends/^  in  two  parts,  by  G.  E.  De- 
DEKIND ;  a  whimncalprodo^tioo  indeed ! 
**  InterefUng  Soencay   fele^ted  from  the 
Hiftory  of  Mankind."    "The  Fruits  c^ 
Reading,'*    in  two  pans,   alphabeticaUy 
arranged    (by    Mr.  M.  Deni&>;    aod 
**  Rhapfodie^,"  fcle^ted  from  the  papers 
of  a  (olitary  philofopher,    edited  by  K. 
L.  M.  MULLEB. 

We  have  thus  explored  the  extenfi\e 
regions  of  German  literatore.  It  is  fuch 
a  rapid  glance,  as  is  made  by  many  modem 
travellers.  The  objedl,  however,  is  per- 
fectly NEW,  and,  doubtlels,  will  be  cu- 
rious and  interefting  to  the  Englilh  ok- 
ferver.  In  the  future  Suppiefnents  the 
article  will  be  continued;  and,  as  the 
fources  of  information  will  be  maltiplic^» 
it  may  be  expc^cd  to  iiirniih  addiiiuu« 
gratification. 


HALF-YEARLY  RETROSPECT  OF  THE  STATE  OF 

SPANISH  LITERATURE, 

BVaxKO   tHE   LAST  SIX  MOffTRS  OF   tlX  TXAB  1797. 

(To  bi  €onti9Utd  in  oaffutute  Si^pUmaus,) 


UNDER  the  adminiftnition  of  the  late 
premier,  the  Prince  of  Peace,  while 
every  branch  of  public  and  private  wealth 
fevereiy  fullered  in  Spain,  tfom  the  gene. 
tal  ftafaatioa  of  ttrtipiam  a«4  trade  i 


while  his  public  coui^ett  were  dHhadxd 
by  the  overbearing  iiifliience  of  a  foreign 
andthedonefticdtiScBtioBSflf  the 


parties  of  Alcudiny  SMvcdn,  Axmn,  && 
Md  while  •  enm^kdUKaam  pc^aci 


VoL  v.]     lUtro^  tfSpmfi/h  LtUrgtun.^niOoihjfc. 


ud  fortboded  the  dow«£iU  o£  tire  mviod 
favourite,  LirgitATVlifi  alone  flouriiked 
under  his  powerful  prote^tioft.  Tha^ 
within  fo  ftort  a  period,  theology  Ihould 
iiave  dircl^ed  hfelf  of  monkilb  ttgotij 
and  prqudicea»  will  hardly  he  eape^e^ 
i>ut  in  every  other  department  of  ?cie.9cc 
and  learning,  |lroDger  and  purer-  ligto 
were  rapidly  diffiued  throughout  thi 
cou ntry.  The  ftiick  of  med«nil  and  J^i ftorit 
cal  knowledge  was  cooMerably  jncreafed| 
in  the  departnoit  of  natural  hiftory,  fend 
of  the  am,  works  were  puolilhedj  wibich 
wo^Jd  do  honour  to  a  country  in  the  very 
zenifh  of  its  profpericy;  aad  noveU  and 
jpomances,  which*  in  our  roouut^  era, 
/prcad  thcmfeives  with  wikl  luxuriaaey 
<)ver  the  literary  foil,  kept  witj^in  booadt, 
which  cticumft^ce  heart  an  hqnourabre 
f  eftimony  to  tlie  prQfpero^t  J^Me  of  ufef  nl 
literature  in  $pain. 

As  vottchen  for  the  tmth  of  thefe  re- 
marks, we  ihall  lay  before  our  jreiden  t^ 
following  felcf^ioot  from  the  I!4adrtd-Gk^ 
zette,  which  form  a  pretty  com;^  table 
o£  the  litera^  pro^u^hont  of  Spain,  wlcbin 
Xhc  lad  fix  monttM  of  the  year  ^797. 

There  be  ifg  «e  crjt^  Wk  pnbliihed 
in  Spain,  on  the  plf  n  of  the  Ei^ltlh  and 
German  rev^ews^  this  retrofpcot  forma 
^ther  a  eatalegae  rwjonni  than  a  f ritical 
fynopfif,  fttcb  as  we  have  given  of  ibp 
^teracure  of  EogUnd  and  Qermany. 

THEOLOGY. 

I.  Efeufla  del  iiivador^  ftf^.  The 
School  of  oar  Saviour,  &c.  Extra^ed 
from  the  works  of  Santa  TereCi  de  Jcfiis, 
^nd  other  myftic  anthora. 

a.  MeJiiaetintes  Jbbrc  hs  IkvifimoSf  rt^ 
^artidmsfiflof  Dios  iielMes  con  ia  E^gh  for 
'ifivir  bim^  por  el  P,  Fimtmonie^  &f^. 
Alcditations  on  the  laft  Things*  adapted 
to  the  Pays  of  the  Month,  with  the 
Kute  for  living  a  virtt^us  Life*  by  Father 
Pinamonte,  &c. 

3.  DifertaaM  de  Sjt/qfiiHa  tdeRafiica 
fihre  la  afiftncia  df  ii^$  Fielts  a  la  Mijd 
Parrofmal^y  4  oir  la  ExplUacioH  delEnum*  . 
gelio  de  Boca  defu  fiarroeOt  for  B.  Dwmngo 
UgttMf  Brefiiiero.  A  DilTertation  of  £c- 
clefiadical  Difcipline,  the  Bfcfence  of  the  - 
Faithful  at  the  Mcfs,  tad  to  hear  the  Ex- 
planation of  the  Gufpei,  from  the  Lips  of 
their  Curate» '  by  D.  Domingo  Vgena, 
preibirer. 

.4.  Prontuario  praBico  de  las  E^equias 
Fnneral^s^  efc,  par  el  Dr,  Antonio  Ctvit  y 
Nodal- .  A  pra&ical  Repoficory  of  Fune- 
ral Uites,  &c.  by  Dr.  Aqtoaio  Civit  y 
Nadal. 

5.  B-lhueu  SMido  de  i)/>i  y,  dfil  Kfj%  ar- 
padg  de  un  CatccifmOf  y  fas  pkuicoj,  f^uc 


3^3 


emtienenjm  prindpaUf  Obligacmes -ejcrito^ 
Pfir  fl  Padi'e  An/onio  Codormn^  csfc.  The 
good  Soldier,  armed  with  a  Catechifmy 
nnd  te  Difcourics,  containing  his  pr*nci« 
p9i  JPutics,  by  F.  Antonio  Codorniu,  &c. 
^.  Sm^lotpjgia  facradn.  u  'traxado  de  l^ 
'  ObUgacion^  fnf  iienm  Un  Curas^  Confefires^ 
BidtbtM*  Comadres  y  otras  per/oaaSf  de  ci^ 

rwri  la  ^tdvasMH  debt  Vinos  fue  am  tio 
naeidOi  f^c.  5acred  Embryok>gy,  or 
aTrearile  ctp,  t^  Duty  of  Curates,  Con- 
fefibrsy  Phyficians,  and  Midwivcs,  to  co- 
operate jfor  Ap  Salvation  gf  Children,  yet 
Mnboni. 

laSDIClKE. 

f ;  T^M0d^s  Mfdicos  en  Jm  tomos^  tt?. 
por  el  Dr.  !>.  Jbnonio  Mendal  y  Filhllnf^ 
A[mdcm£9  de  la  fieal  Atademia  Medka 
Mdatriiet^e^  ^c.  Niedic^  T'adsi  in  two 
votunvei,  &G.  hf  Dr.  Antonio. Mendaiy 
Viilalba,  Fallow  of  the  Roya)  Academy 
of  Phyfic.  at  MsMihd,^c. 

T^  author  treats,  tirft,  on  the  inflam« 
mations  of  the  throat,  and  the  moft  pro- 
pier  and  eafy  meart  of  curing  them «  fe- 
eondly,  on  tha  power  ot  nature^  and  the 
moft  rational  mod^  of  cnring  all  forts 
of  .difetfvs)  aad  thirdly,  on  the.  mcdii^fil 
ufe  of  the  waters  of  Graena,  which  he 
analyifcs.  and  points  out  thp  cafes,  whcrtiil 
they  may  bf  either  ufefu)  or  hurtful. 

2.  Pbarmac^p^ia  Hifpanay  eStio  altera  ; 
Regis  jufu  et  impenfa,  Matriti  ex  typo- 
graphia  Jbarnana,  un  tomo  en  4X0.  The 
Spanilb  Difpcnfatory,  or  Pharmacopoeia; 
the  fecond  edition  $  by  the  Kin^s  com- 
mand, and  at  l)i|  expence»  at  Madrid  ; 
printed  by  Ibarrp,  .1  vol.  4(0.  fold  by  Mar- 
line^* ftrcet  de  ba  Carretas. 

The  Srft  edition  of  this  Pharmacopoeia, 
publif^td  in  1794,  beine  entirely  exhauil- 
ed,  the  Royal  College  of  Phyftcians  cauM 
it  ro  be  reprinted,  enriched  with  fcveral 
improvements  and  additions,  which  have 
been  printed  feparately,  for  the  accommo- 
dation  of  thofe  who  pofTefs  the  firft  edi- 
tion, and  to  whom  they  afp  delivered 
gratis  by  the  above  bpokfe||cra. 

3.  Guia  Feterinaria  ongtnal:  lUvidida 
en  4  tomos^  (sfe.  pw  D*  Aloiyoy  D,  Ftanct/co 
de  Rns  Garad.  The  original  Guide  to 
the  Veterinary  Art,  divided  into  4  vols.^c. 

The  authors  treat  on  the  principal  dif- 
eafes  of  cattle,  expofe  the  errors  committed 
in  the  cure  of  them,  point  out  the  moft 
proper  method  for  curing  the  duSereot 
dtfeafes,  and  Conclude  with  a  table  of 
veterinary  aphorifms,  for  the  ufe  of  the 
beginner*  in  this  art,  and  the  owners  of 
cattle. 

.    4.  Dtfirtacion^omcbumec^y  Analyfii  de 
las  Aguas  Mittcrales  de  la  Filla  de  JUbama  - 
3X4  <4 


39^6 


Retrdffia  iffSpamfi  lltirmn^IMiHcs^  ffc. 


tSti^ 


9.  Mtmot'taspara  la  Ht/hria  de  U  Bce» 
fta  y  Foetai  t/panoles  j  obra  ^uma  del 
Mmo.  P.  ^^o^  hr.  Martin  Sar/tk/nf^^'Be* 
ntdt&inot  un  tgmo  ^n^Aifi*  Memoirs  rela- 
me  CO  the  Hiftory-of  Spanift  Pottfy^ml 
Poets }  a  pofthumotis-Worlc  ofrheRevd. 
F.  Martin  Sannicnto^  aBfi^edidiM  Monk, 
s  voU4to.  '         . 

1.  ha  Morrar^fioi  pet  />.  Oementeft* 
nafolaf  Tcu<nte  Ficam' Genual  del  exeri 
^i0de  ExtremadLrof  (sfc.  un  Ufm  en  4ta, 
Monarchy,  ]by  D.  CJemcnce  Penafola,  De- 
puty Vicary  QeDcrki  uf  the  Army  of  Ex- 
uemadura,  &c.  ivt^l.  in  4C0. 

This  work  is  divided  into  three  parts ; 
the  firft  confideri  jnooarcby  in  an  abftra£l 
vicw'y  the  fecond  in  its  relations  with 
the  people,  and  (be  third,  with  refpe^t  ro- 
the  iof  ereign. 

XDircArroBr  and  morals. 

i^jtkwfima  %kciM  del  Pr»ntaano  Moral 
del  P.  Mtr^.  Larraga^  adicionadoy  corrigidf} 
pw  2>.  ¥ramsifc9  Santos  y  Gtojin,  l^he 
Jaft  Bdition  of  the  Moral  RepoHtory,  by 
P.  Mtro.  Larnga,  enlarged  and  corro^lefl 
by  P.  Francifco  Santos  y  Grofin* 

z.  Btbliauca  ele  baena  Educaeica  6  el  J- 
ioante  de  la  nintv^y  de  Id  jwentud,  Ohra 
pTopoiCiimadapara  la  buenQ  Ctianxade  tufa 
cliift  d'  Perfonas  y  en  efpectal  de  la  Jf^obUza^ 
&c.  1  he  RepofitoVy-  pf  Oenteei  Educa** 
tion,  or  the  Friend  of  Children  and  Young 
Perfons  ;  a  Work  intended  to  promote 
the  genteel  Education  of  Perfims  of  every 
Rank  and  Defcriptiony  hot  cfpecially  oi 
the  Mobility. 

3.  £l  Conftrvad^  di  los  Nitns^  p&r  D, 
Jhujlin  Gin^ay  CatedraUco  di  fortes  9 
^fermedades  de  Mngetesy  de  fftnos,  Jel 
Heal  Cvlegio  de  Qrt^ta  de  $•  Carlos  de  ejta 
Q/rte^  The  Preferver  of  Children,  bv  D, 
Aguftin  Ginefta,  Profeflbr  uf  Midwifery, 
and  of  the  t>ireares  of  Women  and  ChiU 
dren,  of  the  Royal  Colkge  of  Sufgcry  of 
St.  Carlos,  of  this  Place. 

This  work  contains  the  noft  important 
preitriptionsj  for  preventing  theexccflive 
monalitv  which  is  generally  obftrvcd 
among  children,  and  h  peculiarly  intended 
to  root  ( ut  the  pernicious  maaims  w^ch, 
from  ignorance  or  prejudice,  have  crept 
into  the  (.  tiyiicpt  education  of  children. 

4.  Purjutctos^qne  aearreanalGiner^lmx 
manoy  t^l  Sftado  hs  Madtes  que  rebukm  criar 
Jus  Hijoi^yMedios  farja  tonteaer  efAbnJo  de 
pmta  i^  en  offuh  porD.  fayme  BoaeHot  de 
\ariai  Aia^emas^  w  toro  en  9«o.  Tbf 
Injaru  s  done  to^Humaakiad,  and  to  th^ 
St«itc,  y  Mothers  who  refafo  to  brinf 
upthiir  own*  Children,  aad  tlM  Meam 
for  a  ecking  ihe  Abufe'ol  puctiDC  then 
•Ut  to  l^vt;.  •  "*'" 


The  authtr  treafes  on  the  noft  naqoef* 
tion^ble  nicrhod  of  bringing  up  ftronc  aad 
heSilthy  children;  of  preferring  them  from 
many  phyfical  a»d  nioral  evils,  of  avoid- 
ing the  dilfentioDs  which  difluib  do-< 
meftic  tranquiliiiy,  on  a^coonc  af  mo- 
thers refufing  to  bring  up  their  oirn  chiU 
dren,  and  of  prefer^'iag  the  beauty  and 
bfaithof  the  former. 

5.  Difcemimientode  Ingtmos  para  Artesy 
Cienoast  nntomo  en  %*io.  The  Difcen- 
ment  of  Oenius,  or  of  th^  Natural  Dtf*. 
pofition  for  Arts  and  Scieoces,  s  vol.  8vo. 

'The  author  fets  out  with  obfervrng, 
that  there  exifts  no  h^nnan  being,  how- 
ever Tufie  It  may  ?tppear,  without  fame 
innate  difpoiition  or  talent  for  Axne  an  or 
fcicnce  \  points  out  the  nMans  of  di(cem«* 
\hfL  this  talent,  and  of -praierviag  iLia 
children  ;  enumerates  the  various  talents, 
requifice  for  theology,  phikfopby,  poetiy* 
&c.  and  refutes  feveral  erroneous  :.opi* 
ntons,  advanced  by  tbe  (tlebfated  Jjiaa 
Huartt,  on  this  fubjed. 

6.  Plan  de  Edneacion^  6  Expqfchn  de  m 
nuetfo  M^odo  para  tJMiar  lot  Lengmas^ 
GecgroJSa^  Croidogia^  Hjfloruh  A^enritim 
casy  Filofe^^  PUituOf^c.  in  Vo^par  D.Jmm 
Antonio  Gon%ali».  A  Plan  gf  £dtt» 
cation,  or  Expofition  of  a  new  Mcatbod 
of  ftudyittg  Language^,  Geography,  Chnn 
Dology,  Hiftory,  Matbemncics,  PbiWb* 
phy,  Politics,  &c.  in  .4C0.  by  P»  }mk 
Antonio  Gonsales  Canaveras. 

VATVRALHISTPRY  ANC  PHl^OgorHT* 

1. 1fa:ad&  de  las  FnenUs  mterwatauesj 
de  la  catfa  defiu-Flaxosy  Supr^/S^aes^  de  ia 
Ifatnralezay'UJb  del  Stjan,  S^e.  pae  m 
Mot^e  de  la  Goagregadon  efe  S.  Bemuo  de 
Fadadolid.  ATreatife  on  JntenniaiBg 
Springs,  and  on  the  Caui^  of  their  Fiows 
and-  Supprefioos,  on  the  Nature  and  Mh 
of  the  Siphon,  ^c  by  a  Monk  of  the  fie« 
nediaine  Order  of  Valladplid.  . 

a.  Verdadera  Relacimy  MoMtJtfpo  Apo^ 
leg^tuo  de  la  Anttgnedad  de  las  hatmecasj 
Jjk  defatbrtmtemoy  per  el  Br.  Tomas  Gen^ 
zale%  de  Manatl^  Pr^tero.  A  Faithfvkt 
and  Apoioeerical  Account  of  the  Anti- 
quity and  ipilcovcry  of  the  Batuccaa  (a 
Species '  of  Savages,  living  in  the  Motin^ 
tains),  by  B.  TofBas  Gonaalea  de  Manudi 
Preibiter. 

*  |.  Qifimhi  Gmegis  Qrtegae  wowtnan 
am  rdrmtam  flantarnm  Horti  Reg.  Bt* 
Matrtt,  defnriptionnssi  decades^  earn  mkb«/- 
lamta  kontbus,  Pefcripttoiis  of  new  and 
fcaive  Plants,  in  tbe  Royal  Bouoical  Gar- 
den at  Madrid,  with  Engnvius^^  repre* 
renting  fome  of  them,  by  Caa.  Cpoou 
Oxttgjkftv. 

.This  mimba  coMunt  4c  dcfciiptiopa, 
1*4  IQ  plWi  MA^HI- 


.H^i 


%qUy:\  Riiii/p^/rfBfii9ybLhi^  327 


MATHBMATICS. 

fira  ia  InJlnicaoitJedfUa  de  los  Apttnikti 
dch  TtdUr  del  Aeal  Obbvuaimo  de  Meutid^ 
totfo  -t.  por  D,  Jofieph  Radon.  Tracts  oa 
Mathematics^  compofed  for  the  loftruc- 


flsuiUhea  ui  the  dMirft  ^  thlt  century, 
ti^chyinn'on'peacc^a  poeticajFdrercriptioa 
of  the  laft. work  of  Ckevifii^  Meon^ 
painted  for  his  Spaniih  majei!^,  fome  u- 
c/rical  poenisy  read  he^ore  the  Koyal  A' 
cademy  of  S.  Fernando,  and  a  variety  of 


tion  of  the  Pupils  of  the  Academy  of  the  epigrams  and  roadrigsds;  and  the  third » 

Royal    Obfervatory  at  .Madrid,  in  the  a  paraphrafts  of  the  lamentations  of  Jere- 

theoretical  Part  of  that  Science^  to1«  a.  by  miah,  and  fevtral  other  religious  poems. 
D.Jefeph  Radon.  2.  Tomo  id.  dt  las  Fakulai  en  ^erfi 

2.  uccmei  di  Jraa^ita,  pueflas  en  C  iftellano  de  D.  Jo/epb  Agu^n  WaweK  de  ia 

Forma  de  DidhgOf  por  Utcas  Maria  Rimero  Remeria..  Fables  in  Spaniib  Verie,  by 


y  SerroMOf  ^c^    Leffons  of  Arithmeticy 
drawn  up  in  Form  of  a  Dialogue,  by,  Lu*. 
cat  Maria  Romero  y  Serrano,  &c. 
This  work  \%  an  eafy  and  luminous  in- 


D,  Jofcph  Aguftin  Ibaaezde  U  Reotcria^ 
vol.  a. 

1.  Obras  Poeticas  de  D,  Ifuack  de  Mt'  ^ 
fh  Guespo  de  LUmo^  Ayuda  de  CSmara  dei 


troduAion  into  the  fcteace  of  numbers,  Rey^  nuejhro  Senor,  tome  r.  en  %vo,  Th« 
and  the  fccond  part  is  rendered  peculiarly  Poetical  Works  bf  D.  Ignacio  da  M«r&3 
ttfeful  M  t|^  Spaniih  youth,  by  an  exa6k  Gueipo  de  Llano,  Oroom  of  the  Bed- 
comparative  table  of  the  coins,  weights,  chamber  to  his  Mijefty,  vol.  t.inSvn. 
and  meafures,  of  Catalonia,  Valencia,  Ar-  This  volume  contains  the  followtiig 
ragon,  Navarre*  Majorca,  and  Minorca,  compolitions :  7ji9irM,  an  original  tragedy, 
and  their  redudion  to  the  rial  de  Vellon,  ia  five  a£ts ;  the  Death  of  Barbaroffa,  a  fa^^ 


and  the  Caftilian  pound  and  yard. 

CLASSrCAL    LITBRATVJIE,     AND 

C&EXICISM. 

t.  Okroi  de  Safot  Erinna^  AkmoHf  Ste* 
Jicboro^  AlceOi  Uftco^  Simcnides^  Bacbilidei^ 
Arcbttocot  Alfeo^  FratiK^  Menaiipides^  it  a 


xnous  pirate  and  ufurper  of  the  kingdoms 
of  Tunis  and  Treme(en,  and  of  the  city 
of  Argel|  an  heroic  poem,  in  one  canto  ; 
a  variety  of  foonets  in  praife  of  the  kings 
of  Spain,  and  other  perfonnges  \  funeral 
eulc^iums  on  the  Spaniih  infant  D.  Lui«p' 


dtiddas  del  Griego  en  refJjuCaftellano^  por  on  Frederick  IL  king  of  Pruffu,  on  Ca.* 

D,  J'jfipby  D.  Bernabe  Canga  ArgiielleSt,  therine  II.  emprcfs  of  Ruffia,  and  other 

w  tomo  en  ^io.    The  Works  of  Sappho,  iUuftrious  charafters ;  amorous  odes,  &C' 
firinna,    Alcman,    Stefichorus,   Alccus,        4.   Po^as  Efcogidas  de  Frey  Lope  de 

Ibicus,  Simonides,  Bacchylides,   Archi-  Fega  Carpro,  &/»  un  tomo^  en  8«a7.    SeleA 

locus,  Alpheus,Prutinus,  and  Menalipides,  Pdems,  by  F.  Lope  de  Vega  Carpio,  &c« 

trandated  from  the  Greek  into  Spaniih  i  vol.  8vo't 


verfe,  by  D^  Jofepb,  and  D.  Bernabd 
Canga  Argiielles,  i  vol'.  4to. 
*  This  volume  contains  the  odes  and  epi.- 
grams  of  the  faid  authors,  which  are  ftill 
extant,  preceded  by  their  lives ;  at  the 
end  are  introduced  fome  of  the  beft  Spa* 
m(h  lyric  poems.  The  tranflation  of  the 
remaining  Greek  lyric  poets,  is  to  be  con* 
tinued  with  the  utmoft  aifiduity. 

POETRY. 


This  collection  contains  the  beft  com- 
poTitions  of  this  celebrated  poet,  whi^ 
he  publi(hed  under  his  own  name,  as  well 
as  under  that  of  Tome  de  BurguJUor, 
M.  A.  Prefixed  is  a  flwrt  account  of  his 
life,  and  a  difoourfe  on  lyric  poetry,  and 
the  ancient  and  modern  ode,  tranflatcd 
from  Marmoncers  works,  with  fome 
additions. 

5.  PorfidSt  de  D.  Jofepb  Moe  de  Fuenteu 


t.  Lm  Poecias  de  /).  Frandfco Gregorh  parte  a..  Poems,  by  D.  Jofeph  Mor  de 

de  Solas ^  dos  tomos,  en  %vo,  corregtdas  j  Fuentes,  p.  2. 

aumentadas  c^n  nuevo acopio  de Epigramas,  "  THE  arts. 

Poemast    ¥   D'lfcurjoi  Acad^micos.      The        \.  ExpUcacion  de  las  Eflatuas,  FueniesyV 

Poems  ofJ).  Francifco  Gregorio  de  Salas,  Jarrones  del  Jardin  dtl  Real  Sttio  de  S. 

t  voir,  in  6vo.  corredted,  and  enlarged  by  Ildefonfo,  Suce/os  y  Perfbna^es^  one  reprt^ 

a  new  addition  of  Epigrams,  Poems,  and  Jentan^  ^c.    An  Kxplvnanen  of  the  S«- 

Academieal  Le^res.  tues.  Fountains,  and  Bafons,  of  the  Roy- 

This  work  is  the  fixth  edition  of  the  al  Seat  of  St.  lldephofifo  ;  of  the  Events 


poems  of  Salas,  known  to  be  peculiar  fit- 
vourites  of  the  Spaiiifli  public.  They  are 
divided  into  three  parts,  the  firft  of  which 
contains  the  paftorals,  entitled,  Obferva- 
torio  ruj/Hcot  and  Dalmiro  y  Silfua/toi  the 
feoottd,  the  eulogiums  on  Extremetdura^ 
^uA  the  deceafed  Spaniih  authorsi  who 


and  Perfonages  they  reprefent,  4cc. 

2.  Eljuego  de  la  Jets  Ejiampas  grandes 
que  reprefentan  las  principals  vijlas  de  ku 
evohuiones  y  enanro6«ett  'del  eombato  naval 
de  Cabo  Stcii,  'entre  la  Quadra  eombinada 
de  FJpanay  Franeiat  almandode  Z>.  Jaeui 
J^epb  Vanforroy  M  I}iieok/i,.y  la  Jifgleja, 

del 


jsS  JUtroJfta  tfSfamJt  Lttnshtte.^'^iMiabgf^  &€.         [Sup. 

JSlmes  toMiitmubs  de  ku  fr'maptUn  Fam* 
ims  M  Re^no^j  €om  la  Uaj/kaaom  del  Fnm- 
^cifath  4e  AJkriM  t  0S9  i^mot  rm  449.  A 
cAronoKngkal  and  gcncaUgictl  Hiflory  of 
the  Origin  of  the  SpMiiib  Nobiiicy,  of 
their  Antiquit^yClaffetyand  DiftiottiODS ; 
with  the  8enes  of  Srucceffioot  of  the  prio- 
cipal  Families  in  tDc  KiogiiaiD,  and  ex« 
planatory  Remarki.  on  the  Prindpaliij  cf 
AAurias  ;  8  vols,  in  4to* 

BIOGEAPHT. 

I.  CompenthQ  Hiflarko  de  la  Fida^  Vtr* 
ttuUs^y  Atla^ros  da  heaio  Juom  dt  Bibenot 
Patriarea  de  Aniigftuaf  ArxobtJfOt  ^"^O^i 
y  Capitan^iettirai  de  la  Qadad  de  VaUn- 
day  a^r.  An  hiftorical  Abridgsaent  ci 
the  Life,  Vinuet  and  Miradca  of  the  late 
Juan  de  Ribeira,  Patriarch  of  Aotiochia, 
Archbiihop,  Viceroy,  and  Capttingenc- 
ral  of  the  City  of  Valencia^ 

a.  Irtda  delComU  de  Bdffon^  tradacida 
del  tranets,  y  oMmentada  con  AUmonas  /jt- 
iraMg£TMferunedenusdlM  Hecboij  Efcru^i 
€e  efte  etiekrado  Naiaarttlt/la  de  mut^o  St^k^ 
y^  c«m  Mr  Apendicey  varies  Kios^  The 
'Life  of  Count  Bulfon,  tranilatcd  from  the 
French,  and  oMgnunied  tti/A  Jeveral  fa* 
reign  Memoir Sf  relative  to  toe  JUbtew^ 
mems  and  Writingi  of  that  celebTottd  hla- 
tmalift  of  tbi$  Age,  vfiib  an  Apfendix,  and 
greoi  Faxietj  of  Noits- 

3.  y^da  y  Sueenjoi  prof^roi  y  udverfes  de 
Z).  F,  Bartolom/  de  Caindtzay  MitOMda^ 
Ai^obtjpo  de  Toledo^  ^cporclDr,  Suiaauir 
de  Miranda :  duda  i  luz  Por  D.  datonto 
KiUiCutarts  de  Sotomqyor,  The  Life,  and 
the  p'ofpcrout  as  welt  as  advcrl'e  Erenu 
of  D.  F.  Barrolom^  de  Carnnxa  y  Miran* 
da,  Ardibifliop  of  Toledo,  &c.  by  D.  Sa- 
lazar  de  Miranda :  publiflicd  by  D.  Aa« 
tonio  Valladaies  de  Sucomayor. 

ACAICVLIVRE    AND   HVSBAKDRY. 

I.  Tratado  de  la  Pro^agatton  gtneriJ 
de  Patmas :  fegnnda  Euttton,  ^ue  comune 
bs  n^odernoi  Experimentos^  Progrejos  f  tfec-r 
tps  en  el  Nortec  tan  aefconoadas  afitf  ccnte 
necefano  para  Hottaa  pubkea :  fu  Amter  V. 
Henri  fie  Doyle.  A  Trcatilc  on  the  gc-nc- 
ral  Propagation  of  Potatoes  \  the  focu&d 
edition,  which  contains  the  modern  £a« 
perimcnts,  ProgrcflVs,  and  their  Rcfnio  in 
the  No^h,  36  unknown  here,  as  they  de- 
fcrvc  public  Notice,  by  Henrique  Doyle. 

The  author  poinu  rut,  in  a  cicar  and 
infiru^  ve  manner,  the  be  ft  mcthocls  of 
cultivating  and  improving  this  ufeful  rooc, 
and  trtats,  in  a  peculiar  chapter,  on  m 
cuiuvatton,  ufe,  and  utility  m  the  king- 
dom of  Peru. 

GEOGRAPHY. 

I.  Mana geogrqfiia  dil  Obi^^ado  de  Pta- 
anaay  rrc  umptgUndi  cl  Paitido  de  ft 


e^l  AUratUi  MuSewu  acntrkh  enttde 
felrero  en  1744*  A  Set  of  the  lis  large 
/  Engravings,  which  reprefent  the  pfinci* 
pal  Views  of  the  Kvolutions  and  Ma- 
r.Qr.;vres  in  the  bt-a-^llght  off  Cape  Stcie, 
fttftwecn  the  combined  Spaniihand  French 
Fieer^  commanded  by  D.  Juan  Jolcph 
Kavarro,  and  Mr.  Duconft,  and  the  £ng- 
lifii,  under  the  Orders  o£  Admiral  Mat« 
thews,  which  took  place  on  the  a  ad  of 
February,  1744* 

3.  Epampa  de  la  Refurreuion  delSenorf 
^ininra  de  Carloi  VaMloo^y  gretvada  per  D^ 
Mariana  Laiafa,  A  Prints  reprefcnting 
she  Refurre^ioit  of  our  Savioufr  after  n 
Picture,  by  Charles  Vanloo,  engraved  by 
I>.  Marjana  Laufa* 

4.Coloccion  defeis  EJfanifaM  pie  reprejen" 
tan  varias  Poforonesj  Mamobra%  de  Ja  Ar* 
tiUeria  volante  6dea  tabaUOy  &f r*  A  Col- 
k6lion  of  fix  Prints,  representing  various 
Pu(ition»8ndManoeuvrea  of  the  Flyings 
or  Horfe  Amltcry,  Ice. 

5.  Cnaderno  it,  de  la  Coleceionde  Retra^ 
m  de  lot  E/panolej  Uh^res^  fifr.    A  Coi 
k£iion  of  Poruaitsof  IHuftriousSpaniare 
%»o.'  I  r. 

This  number  contains  the  portraits  of 
D.  Rodrigo  Ximenes,  Juan  de  Torqucma- 
Ja^  Francifco  Pizamv  Di^go  Garcia  de 
Faredcs,  Santo  Tomaa  de  Viiianuevay 
and  Hernando  de  Soto. 
•  6  .Coleceion  de  EJlampas  de  todos  hsRetra' 
msdelos  R^'esde  E/panat  f^c.  A  Col- 
Udtion  of  Prints,  containing  ail  tbc  Por- 
ci'ai ts  of  the  Kings  of  Spain,  &c* 

Under  each  portrait  is  a  note,  point- 
ing out  the  year  of  the  king's  accellion 
se  the  tbrooc»  and  uf  his  death. 

7.  Los  fKo/ra  JU^os  de  ArpateSlura  Q'vil 
de  Andiea  PaladiOf  Kuenuno^  tradhcidoi 
$stl  ItaiianOt  i  tlnfirados  un  Iktas^  pot  D* 
Jqfrpb  Oftizy  SanZy  PrtfiyteTo^  tomo  x,  en 
jtiio  mayor.  The  four  B(X)ks  of  Civil 
Architecture,  by  Andrea  Paladio,  of  Vi» 
ccnta,  cranOated  Arom  the  Italian,  and 
iUufitc^td  wiib  Notes^  by  D.  Jufcpn  Ortia 
J  Sanz,  Prelbytcr. 

This  is  the  lirft  volume  of  the  works  of 
Paladio,  which  the  prefent  kir.i:  of  Spain 
haa  ordered  to  be  tranflated,  in  imitation 
of  bis  father,  by  whofe  crdcu,  and  at 
wholie  ezpence,  the  works  of  Vitruvius 
were  tranflated  into  iipaniik.  The  vo- 
kme  before  ua  eootaios  96  engravings, 
including  the  Poftraits  of  Paladio,  and  of 
the  Prince  of  Peaoey  to  whom  the  work 
is  dedicated* 

«BMRAl.OaT  AUD  AKTK^IHES.    . 

I.  Hffiona  eromlbgiea  f  gef^ealo^ua  del 
ffimeiipyo  Oergem  dela  HolfU%a  de  t/pana^  fu 
Ant^mdadf  C^jp  Dtferentjas,  ion  Succc^ 


Va.  v.]      JfUtrfJf^  0fSpam/b  Litirature.'^TtpBgraphy,  ffc,       539 

Nmtre,  lai  Ficarioi  de  TritxiUo,  B^oTf 
Medelliftt  JaraUejo^  JaraiK^y  Cabetaulay 
y  tambien  la  Abadia  de  Cabanas :  por  D. 
T$maf  LofeXf  &r.  A  geographical  Map 
of  che  Biflioprie  of  Placencia,  comprev 
heodiog  the  D'l&r'vOt  of  that  Name,  the 
Vicarages  of  Truxillo,  Bejas,  Medellin, 
Jaraicejo,  Jaraiz,  and  Cabezuela,  aod 
alfu  the  Abbey  of  Cabaoas :  by  D.  To. 
mas  Lopez,  &c. 

2.  Ihs  Cartas  esfA'icas  deiosKeconodmientos 
en  1 792,  en  la  Cofia  N,  O.  de  AmdrUa^  para 
examnar  la  EtUrada  de  Juan  de  Fuca  y  la 
Interttaciondefus  Canaies  navegables^  levan^ 
tadas  de  Or  den  del  Rey,  nuebro  Sentirabcrdo 
de  la  Goleta  Suxily  Mexicana^  por  los  Capi* 
tones  de  Naifio  de  la  Real  Armada  D.  Dio» 
nifio  Alcala  Gahanoy  D.  Cayetano  yaldis. 
Two  fpherical  Maps  of  the  Survey  of  the 
north-eaft  Coaft  of  America,  made  by  his 
Majsfty's  "Command,  in  the  Year  179*, 
with  a  View  of  exploring  the  Entrance  of 
Juan  de  Fvca,  and  the  Extent  of  its  nji- 
vig.^ble  Canals,  on  board  the  Sloops  Su- 
xil  and  Mexicana,  by  D.  Dionifis  Alcala 
Galiano,  and  D.  Cayetano  Vald^s,  Cap- 
tains in  the  Royal  Nary. 

Tiie  various  opinions  entertained  by  the 
geographers  of  the  laft  two  centuries, 
with  refpedt  to  the  exifteoce  and  extent 
of  the  above  canals,  and  their  pretended 
communication  with  the  Atlantic,  render 
thp  account  of  the  voyage  of  thefe  two 
floops,  which  is  preparing  for  the  prefs, 
extremely  important ;  for  the  reading  of 
which  thefe  maps  are  as  indifpenfibly  re- 
quiHte,  as  they  are  oecelTary  for  naviga« 
torsy  whp  vifit  that  coaft. 

TOPOGRAPHY. 

I.  Compendia  de  las  Giandezas  elel  Real 
Monafteriode  S.  Lorenzo  del  Efcurialf  uni- 
ca  Marofi'illa  del  Mundo,  An  Abridg- 
ment of  the  Grandeurs  of  the  Royal  Mo- 
naftery  of  St.  Lorenzo  of  the  Efcurial,  a 
matchlcfs  Wonder  of  the  World. 


V07AGBS   AND    TRAVKLS. 

1.  El  yiagero  univerfet  6  Noticia  del 
Mundo  antiguoy  nu/vot  o6ra  reeopilada  ik 
lot  Mejorei  Fiageros^  par  D,  Pedro  EJlaia^ 
Pre/buerOi  Quademo  30.  An  univerfal 
Colle^ion  of  Travels,  or  Introduction 
to  the  Knowledge  of  the  ancient  and 
modem  World,  recompiled  from  the  beft 
Colleaions  of  Travels,  by  D.  Pedro  Efia- 
ta,  Prelbyter,  No.  30W 

Tiiis  number  of  the  voluminous  work, 
contains  the  voyage  to  the  flave  coajV,  and 
to  the  kingdoms  of  Ardra,  Bcnb,  Congo, 
aod  Loango,  and  complotes  the  tenth  vo- 
lume* 

a.  El  Viagero  univerfadj  ^c.  Qwiderno 
M0KXB1.V  Mag.  No.  XXXill. 


3 1.    An  univerfal  CoUe^lion  of  Voyages, 
ice  No.  31. 

This  number  of  the  above  work  com- 
prifes  th^  voyage  to  the  Caoarief,  aod 
the  iflaod  of  Madeira. 

3.  El  Viagero  univerfal^  &c.  Quaderno  . 
33.    An  uAiverfal  Colledionof  Voyagfti 
&c.  No.  33. 

This  pre fent  number,  which  completes  ^ 
Vol.  XI.  contains  the  difcovery  of  Ame* 
rica,  and  a  defcription  of  the  iuand  of  Sc« 
Domtn|;o. 

4*  jf  Fia^ero  univerfal^  &c.  Quademo 

37.  An  univerfal  Colle^ioo  of  Voyagesy . 
&c.  No.  37. 

This  number  concludes  the  defcriptioii 
of  the  province  of  Guayaquil,  and  con- 
tains the  beginning  of  the  jaumcy  t6 
Quito. 

$.  El  Viagero  univerfal^  ^e,  Quademo 

38.  An  univerfal  Collection  of  voyageft 
&c.  No.  38. 

This  number  conuini  a  continuation  of 
the  defcription  of  the  kingdom  of  Qgitc^ 
of  the  river  MaTaxon,  and  of  the  Affla« 
zons,  &c. 

^,  El  Viagero  univerfal^  ^c,  Qgademo 

39- 

This  number  contains  an  account  of  the 
cuftoms  of  the  Indiana,  and  of  the  pro* 
dubious  of  the  province  of  Quito. 

7.  El  Viagero  tauverjaly  ^c,  Quaderno 
40. 

In  this  number  is  contained  the  voyage 
to  Lima. 

TRB   DRAMA. 

I.  La  Holandeja^  comedia  mteva  en  tref 
a^os,  fu  autor  D.  Cafpar  y  Zamorai  El 
Amor  Confiante,  drama  en  un  a^o,  por  el 
Mifmoy  &c.  Tlie  Dutch  Girl,  a  ncvr 
comedy  in  tbiiee  a6h,  by  D.  Cafpar  and 
Zamora ;  The  Conftant  Love,  a  pUy  ia 
one  a£l,  by  the  fame  author.  , 

t.  Armiday  Reynaldo^  primera  y  fegnndd 
parte^  ejtritas  pot  D,  Vicente  Ramirez  de 
Artllano^y  reprefentadas  por  la  Compania  di 
Navarro.  Armida  and  Reinaldo,  firft  and 
fecond  pan,  written  by  D.  Vicente  Rami* 
rez  de  Arellano,  and  ntpreCented  by  the 
Company  of  Navarro. 

3 .  Reladoii  fifica  de  las  Comedias  y  el 
Corazon  del  Hombre^  en  pie  Je  deelaran  lot 
nsovimienios  i  imprefiones^  fne  canfan  liJSn 
de  deleytary  divertir  a  los  cenaarentes,  A 
Phyfiological  Account  of  Plays,  and  of 
the  Human  Heart,  wherein  are  illuf* 
trated  the  fenfations  and  impreflions  ex« 
cited  by  the  former,  in  order  to  delight 
aod  amufc  the  audience. 

4.  La  Nocbe  Trifle  de  TroyOt  oBoumee^ 
parD.  Vieente  Mamirem  de  Arellanet  kfi. 

3Y  The 


5P 


JUnt^  ff  SpwOfi  lium^i.^Niw9U^  vfici        (Siipi 


me  Difhttl Nlf^  of  Trdf,  in oneift,  1^  oim  M  y  netefina  i  ia.  JKVntad  ^ 

p.  Vicente  Ramirez  de  Areilano»  &c.  defea  buirj  MHar  en  iaiferiiu  tk  Madrid. 

%,  ha  AfoJ£»,  €m€i^  in  tra   a^oj.  Tlie  Caille  df  Scnfibility,  or  the  Happy 

Faflkioa,  a  comedy,  in  three  a6l$.  Marriaget,  an  tnecdotc   of  JaoAtound 

This  comedy  in  a  crUicon  the  whins  Eftuardo;  a  novel  tolerably  Wroal :  the 

of  fa(hion.  book  of  fafhion,  or  the  ku^,  written  im 

*6.  Lafingiia  Enfirma  f^  Amor^  Aeta.  pink- coloured  letters,  poltAed  and  var* 

joeofr^en  das  a^vs,  par  Dan  Luciano  Fran*  n)ihed ;  a  work  ufefot  and  neceilary  for 

dfio  CmeUa,  ke^    The  feigned  Sicknefs  young  gentlemen,  who  wtfli  to  figure  and 

tWough  Love,  a  farce,  in  two  aAt,  byl>oa  Ihine  at  the  Madrid  fair. 


Luciano  Francifeo  Comelja,  &c. 

7.  CoUcdon  de  las  mejctes  Comedias  nu* 
eVaSf  fKffi  van  tfprefenianda^  en  hs  teeuros 
de  efa  Corie^  ^  tamoi  en  40.  ^  camfreben- 
din  las  reprefentadas  dejde  el  ano  178^,  /«- 
ekt/vct  ha/la  el  de  1796,  iombi^n  fnclufiie. 
A  Collection  of  the  heft  new  PUys,  which 


4.  Ramance  jocojo^  intitnlado^  Avijbs 
haratos,  qtte  da  6  Jits  caros  Amigos  el  bee,  D, 
Jnan  ^fiarmientOy  a  fn  de  pie  en  las  fre^ 
Jentes-  prias  pan  iados  gttarSanes  de  Jn 
Mfaf  ^c.  A  luditrotts  rohrance,  inticled» 
Cheap  Advice^  given  to  his  dtar  Friends, 
bv  D.  Juan  Efcarmiento,  that  they  may 


are  reprefented  ac   the   theatres  of  this    all  well  hulband  their  purfe  during  thU 

Slace,  9  vols,  in  410.  including  thoTe  which    prefent  fair,  &c. 
IV«  been  aaed  fince  the  year  1 7"8^,  down 
to  1^796  ificlufive* 

8.  Caia/ina  Iff  Emperatriv:  de  R»Jta^ 
drama  heroyco  en  /res  afias^  teprejtntada  el 
dia  4  de  ikviembre,   lys?*  &c.  por  2>. 


5.  Biblioieca  Entretenida .  de  Damas^ 
tome  I".  Entertaining  Library ''(or  Ma- 
gazine) for  Ladies,  vol.   t. 

This  is  the  firft  volume  of  a  colled  ion 
of  novels  and  moral   tales,    either  tf^iif* 


hdeiaHo  franei/io  Come/la.    Catherine  II,    lared  fiom  foreign  publications,  or  fcleClird 
Emprefs  ol  Ru(C»,  an  heroic  dr<>m?y  in    from  the  bed  Spanifh  compofitions  of  this 


tliree  a^,  adtcd  on  the  4th  of  Novtm- 
ber,  i797»  &c.  by  P.  Luciano  Fran- 
cffcb  Cornelia. 

-  ^..Lei  Comedia  nneva^  eemedia  en  dos 
et&ast  en  profa.  The  New  Plaj»  a  comedy, 
itt  two  aAi,  in  profe. 


kind,  for  the  amufement  and  inftniAion 
of  ladies ;  to  this  volume  is  preBxed  an 
account  of  the  origin,  nature,  progrefs, 
and  prefent  ftate  of  novels. 

6.  La  LeandrOf  navela  original  <ine  ce^*^ 
prehende  muebasy  por  D.  Ant.  Vokadares 


so.  Ino  y  NeivUe^  drama  en  das  a&os^    de  Sotamaycr.    Leandra,  an  original  litovel, 


fnr  D.  Luciano  Franeifca  Cornelia.  Ino 
and  Neivile,  a  play  in  two  a£ls,  by  D. 
Luciano  Franofco  Cornelia. 

NOVELS    AND    ROMAKCES. 

't.  f  /  Engana  Feli%y  ic.  f-or  D.  M.  ilf. 

y  C.  The  Fortunate  Miftake,  &c.  by 
p.  M.  M.  and  C. 

The  auihot-  delineates  the  dangers  to 
which  young  girls  expofe  themfclvo,  by 
lillening  to  the  anfui  advice  of  a  fallc 
friend  ;  and  ineulcatcs  the  neceffity  of 
Warching  over  the  education  of  daughters 
with  thf  utmoft  care. 
-  -a.  El  J),  alio  urnelai'veidbdes/cniidas, 

y  navetas  de  la  oira  vtda^  par  'D.  Luis 
Vdez  de  O'tevarOf  &c.    The  Limping 


which  comprehends  more  than    one,    by 
D.  Ant.  Valcidarcs  de  Sotomayor. 

7.  Coleccion  de  Nweias  ejcogidas  de  Ue 
vujares  ingenias  EJpanolts^  8  tomosj  en  8tf. 
que  contienen  5  3  novelas^  bfifioricasi tragi cas^ 
tmirales,  jacoj'as  «  ir^ftruBevas.  A  CoUec« 
tion  of  fciea  Novels  by  the  bcft  Spa- 
nifl]  authors,  8  vols,  in  Sro.  containing 
53  hiftorical,  tragic,  moral,  ludicrous,'  aod 
inrtru^ivc  novels. 

MI^CF.LtANIES. 
I.  riages  Paliticos y  tilofqfkos^  en  ft 
Je  enjena  elccamno  de  in^'rir  el  origen  de  las 
ciencias  j  mtesy  ngruutivra^y  pofioria,  &.c. 
tm  tarwen  8.  Travels,  Political  and  Phi- 
lofophical,  wherein  is  pointed  out  the  way 


Pevtl ;  Truths  revealed  in  DreajiM  and    of  enquiiine  into  the  origin  of  fcknces 
'     ""    *    '      ai*d  at ts,  of  agriculture,  aod  the  rearing 


Talcs  of  the  World  to  come  j  by  D.  Luis 
Velez  de  Gnevara,  Jicc— 

Thia  ia  the  fecnnd  eduion  of  a  well- 
known  ludicrous  romance,  whrth,  on  its 
firll  appearance y  waft  rccctvul  with  great 
appt&ufe. 

The  firlV  WAS  about  A.D.  1660. 
s    3.    £/  Alcatar  de  la  S^n/ibtluhdy  6  hs 
M^'trtmonios   Fthces-,  anecdoia  de  jactnto 
*y  Efihatdo  ;  naielu  a/az  dfjventvrada :  el 


of  flieep,  &c.  I  vol.  in  8vo. 

1.  hfijcebnea  infiru^iva^  euriida^  f 
pgradafilej  nttmero  8.  A  Slii'ceilaoy, 
pkafing,  curious, ard  inftrudlivc.  1^0.8. 

This  number  coorains  an  hifionco*criti- 
eal  diflertation  on  the  capture  of  Rome  by 
the  Gauls  ;  a  letter  from  Mr.  Paftorct  to 
Mr.  de  ia  Cratelle,  on  the  obferv^tioos  of 
the  latter,  on  the  ufe  of  eh)queoce  at  the 


U^o^ta  moda*4  eltceodar^  ejrrita  en  ietra  iwur  ;  an  billorical  a' count  of  ibe  areffcs 
^^^Ittr  de  rcja,  pultmentado  y  barntzado ;  of  the  RocodR  n^atrona  \  rcniltrks  on  ftvc- 


VdL  v.]       RitnJ^a  ifSpaniJh  Lker^ture.'^MfceUantes.  531 


ral  treattfes  on  education ;  defcription  of 
the  interior  parts  of  the  Etna,  by  the  Abbe 
Spalanzani  ;  obfervations  on  the  lion,  ez- 
tra6ted  from  Sparman's  Voyage  to  the 
Cape  of  Good  Hope;  a  conveHation  of 
fimily  with  her  mother ;  an  hiftorical  ap- 
count  of  the  mini;  of  Huencaveiica,  in 
Peru,  &c. 

3.  Coleccion  de  fnptks  mtico-aftobgeticos^ 
pte  enjitjtcventad  efcrihioel  J^-Joje^b  Fran- 
cifio  de  IJla^  contra  el  Dr.  D  Pedro  de  Agu- 
enxa^y  D.  Diego  de  Torrei^'en  defenfa  del 
R.  P.  Benito  Geronimo  Feixoo  y  del  Dr, 
Martin  Martinez,  dot  tomos^  en  S.  A 
Collection  of  critico-apologetical  Papers, 
written  in  bis  youth,  byJFatber  Jofeph 
Francifco  de  Ifla,  againll  Dr.  Pedro  de 
Agiienza,  and  D.  Diego  de  Torres,  in 
Defence  uf  the  Reverend  Father  Benito 
,€er6nimo  Feixoo,  and  of  Dr.  Martin 
Maninez,  i  vols,  in  8vo. 

4.  Mifcelanea  infiru^iva,  curioja,  y 
agradable^  No.  9.  A  Mifcellai^y,  pleaiin^, 
furious,  and  inftrudtive,  No.  9.— -This 
liumber  contains  an  account  of  the  cap- 
ture an^  <ieftrjp6lion  of  Carthage  by  the 
Romans  ^  an  ^nfwer  to  the  remarks  on 
ihc  ireatifes  on  education  j  a  reply  from 
Mr.  de  la  Crateile.to  Mr.  Paftoret,  on  thfi 
ftbufes  of  eloquence  at  the  bar,  &c. 

5 .  Memoriaf  Liter  or  to  de  AMI  y  Mayo^ 
'fortes  1*  jf  t*.  The  Literary  Memorial 
^or  Magazine)  for  April  and  May,  part  ji 
and  2. — * 

Thefe  two  numbers  of  this  literary  ma- 
gazine, the  firft  number  of  which  was  pubr 
lifhcd  in  JI784,  contain  a  funeral  diity  on 
the  death  of  the  duke  of  Alba;  a  dinfcna- 
tion  un  the  mean's  of  promoting  the  pviblic 
happincH ;  an  account  of  the  new. colonies 
in  the  Andies  of  Guama^lies^  a  profpc^us 
of  a  feminary  of  agriculture;  ajprofpedlus 
of  the  eleniehtt  ofphilofopby  ofthe  Abb^ 
para  ;  ordinances  rejaclve  to  the  manage- 
ment and  diredtion  oif  the  royal  college  of 
phyfic  at  Madrid  ^  premiums  offered  by 
the  academy  of  phyfic  at  Madrid ;  &c.  &c. 

6.  Q'urefla  deljueblo  Chrifiiano  contra 
ioi  Medicos  en  el  Tribunal  de  la  Ruzon  y 
Refpuefia  dejflos^  f>or  D,  Guillermo  Gimel, 
Medico  de  la*Junta  de  S  ant  dad  de  la  Ciudad 
de  ^ahga.  Complaint  of  the  Chriftian 
Woplc  againft  the  Phyficians  before  the 
Tribunal  of  Reafon,  and  the  Reply  of  the 
latter,  by  D.  Guillermo  Gimcl,  rhyfician 
of  the  Board  of  Health  of  the  City  of 
Malaga. 

7.  Ohras  de  Mtro,  Pernan*  Perex  de 
Oltva^  &c.  ^  i  tomos,  en  89.  The  works 
of  M.  Fernan.  Perez  de'Oliva,  in  1 
vols,  in  8vo. 

'  This  work  contains  a  dialogue  in  Latin 
^nd  ^panilh  ;  a  dtlTenatioa  onlhe  oiegaace 


and  abundance  of  the  SpanjUi  language ; 
a  dialogue  on  the  dignity  of  man  ;  a  dif* 
fertation  on  the  powers  of  the  fonli  and 
the  good  ufe  of  them;  the  comedy 
Amptutrion ;  the  Vengeance  of  Agamem- 
non, a  tragedy;  the  doleful  H«cuba«-ft 
tragedy,  by  Euripides;  a  report  to  the 
council  of  Cordova,  on  the  navigation  ot 
the  Guadalquivir  i  and  fifteen  other  dif* 
fertations  on  curious  and  interefting  fubjefts. 

8.  Mifcelanea  inJhruGiva^  curip/a^  y 
agradable,  6 Anales  dc later cuur'a^  Scienaajp 
y  Artes,  No.  lo,  A  Mifccllany,  pleafmg* 
curious,  and  inftrudUvc,  or  Annals  o( 
Literature,  Sciences,  and  Arts,  No.  to« 

This  number  of  the  intereitine  worl; 
before  us,  contains  Mr.  Sulzer's  oofervar 
tions  on  comedy ;  a  dlToourfe  on  the  origin 
and  progrelTes  of  Botany ;  a  letter  on  va[V 
rious  excavations  intended  to  be  a^de  1^ 
Greece  ;  medico-prafUcal  obfenrapons  0^ 
the  Havanah;  general  obfervations  o^ 
fortified  places,  by  Citii^en  Arzen';  re- 
marks on  the  cttc&s  of  mufic  in  dilates ; 
letter  from  a  lady  to  her  friend,  01^  cduqi^ 
tion ;  a  defcription  of  the  naval  academy 
at  Am^erdam,  by  Citizen  Thouin^  an 
account  of  the  anatonucal  works  of  Citi^ 
aen  Laumonier;  &c. 

9.  The  ijthand  izth  numbers  of  t^e 
fame  work  contain  the  following  articlet : 
an  enquiry  into  a  paifage  in  Plutarch,  6a 
the  death  of  Scatica,  mother  of  Darius ^ 
premiums  offered  by  the  fociety  at  the 
tjavanah ;  on  the  various  (jpccies  of 
Peruvian.barkj,  and  the  different  ufe  to  be 
made  of  them,  according  to  the  different 
jnitare  of  difeafes,  by  Dr.  Mutis,  phy- 
fician  in  America;  a  letter  from  Ma(- 
cagni,  on  the  lymphatic  fyftem ;  a  diflerta- 
tion  on  filk,  and  the  culture  of  mulberry* 
trees;  Zic  \ 

Memorial  Liierario,  Jtmio^  &c.  The  Li- 
terary Memorial  (qr  Magazine)  for  June. 

This  number  cphuans,  befides  feyeral 
royal  ordinances,  the  funeral  eulogium  on 
F.  Henrique  Florez,  of  the  order  of  St. 
Auguftine ;  a  differtation  on  experimentifl 
agriculture,  &c. 

1 1.  Memorial Li/erario^  Julio, paru  i«. 

In  this  number  are  contained  two  royal 
ordinances,  on  the  mode  of  examinii^ 
Turgcons ;  and,  on  prizes,  a  difcourfc  Qfk 
the  (ludy  t>f  jurifpYudence,  &c. 

II.  Menimial  Ltrrario,  Jtdioy  Parle  iK 

This  number  contains  a  royal  ordinance 
refpe£ting  the  loan  of  100  millions  rials  ^ 
a  difcourfe  on  the  utility  of  the  ftudy  of 
mineralogy,  by  D.  Andres  del  Rio.  prd- 
fcflbr  of  mineralogy  in  the  feminary  o£ 
Mexico;  the  fixth  letter  from  D.  I fidoro 
de  Antillon,  containing  a  defcription  of 
the  diftrid  of  JUUmim^  &c. 

3Y«  R£TROS;p£GT 


(    53«    ) 


CS<9: 


I 


RETROSPECT  OF  THE  PRESENT  STATE  OF 

FRENCH  UTERATURE. 

(To  St  iOHistauiiin  cutfiawre  SMppUments.) 
N  compiling  tfaif  rctrofpeft,  we  ihall    Maginbt,  Qtuu  des  Ai^tt/Htus^  An.  VI» 


chiefly  have  recourfe  to  the  two  lite- 
rary jou nulls  BOW  publifhing  at  Paris. 
The  Decade  PbUefopbitme  appears  every 
ten  days,  about  thirty- fix  numbers  form- 
ing a  Tear;  it  confifts  of  four  iheets* 
large  ooavo,  and  the  price  is  thirty  francs 
by  the  year,  or  xl.  5s.  about  ninepence 
each  nomber.  The  MeignaAn  Ettcuhfe" 
dipu  is  jiubliihed  every  fortnight,  and 
confifts  cr  nine  flieets,  odtavo }  fix  volumes, 
of  four  numbeneach,  complete  the  ycar^. 
Thcfe  twenty-four  numbers  coft  tbirty-fix 
francs,  or  il.  los.  each  number  about  ts. 
jd.  We  conftis  we  much  prefer  the 
form,  and  time  of  publicadOR»  obfer? ed  m 
the  Englilh  journals. 

BISTORT. 

WJIohedrs  Vaudoiu  &c.  The  hiftory 
of  the  Vaudois,  inhabitants  of  the  weftem 
rales  of  Piedmont,  a  vols.  8vo.    Thele 

nie  are  already  noted  in  ecclcfiaftic 
^  ;  their  name  is  derived  from  the 
valleys  which  they  inhabit  on  the  weft  of 
Tiedmont,  between  the  Brian^onnois  and 
the  province  of  Pigoerol,  between  the 
marqutfate  of  Suza  and  that  of  Salljces. 


Svo. 

The  diflblution  of  Poland,  and  lier  \A 
eoBVuIfivc  ftruggles,  belong,  no  doubt,  to 
the  prominent  features  of  oar  eventful 
era ;  and  yet,  the  laker  military  operations 
ini^at  country  were  hitherto  mvofred  in 
a  myfterious  darknefs,  which  the  hifiorian, 
whofe  only  fources  of  information  were  the 
partial  reports  of  Ruffian  generals,  was  hi- 
therto not  able  to  diipcl.  This  work  is, 
therefore,  the  more  important,  as  it  con- 
tains the  accounts  of  the  oppolhc  party, 
and  is  wrtuen  by  a  man,  who,  having 
been  an  eye-witnefs  of  the  tranfadions  he 
relates,  defcribes  them,  though  with  fome 
apparent  generous  bias  towards  the  caufe 
of  opprefled  liberty  and  juftice,  yet  with 
•  fidehty  and  truth.  His  vi^oik  is  divided 
into  two  parts  4  the  firft  of  which  conuins 
a  brief  account  of  the  Poiilh  revolution  \ 
and  the  fecond,  twenty -four  ftatc-papers 
relative  to  that  event.  .After  having 
briefly  delineated  the  internal  ftate  of 
Poland,  previous  to  the  year  1794,  and 
the  reign  of   the  late  king   Staniflaus, 

againft   whonl  the  author   adduces   the 

Thcie  valleys  form  a  fquare  of  about  thar^  of  timorous  trretblutioo,  and  wast 
twelve  Italian  miles ;  their  chief  deno-  of  (mcerity  toward  the  infurgents,  ha 
minations  are  Luzerne,  Peroute,  and  St.  unfolds  the  fecrct  fprings  of  the  revolution 
Martin:  the  population  exceeds  nor  which  bioke  out  in  1794,  and  relates  the 
17,000  fouls.  In  this  froall  rccels,  rcli^  events  of  the  war  againft  the  Ruffians; 
gious  liberty  and  perfecution  have  long  the  iffue  of  which,  from  the  obvious  in- 
ftru^glcd.    The  author,  himfcif  aVau-    fufficiency  of  means,  could  not  but  prove 


dois,  delineates  thefe  ftruggles  in  an  inte- 
lefting  manner. 

Hifinre  4ei  K^biiionst  &c.  The  hif* 
tory  of  thofc  celebrated  revolutions  'which 
have  changed  the  Hot  of  empires,  3  vols. 
Svo.  Thts  work  compnfcs  confpiracies, 
as  well  as  revolutions.    The  fit  ft  volume 


unfortunate.  The  hiftorical  account  con- 
cludes with  the  capture  of  Prague,  and 
the  dilbanding  of  the  army  of  t4ie  infur- 

fents,  which  was  immedi<irc]y  followed 
y  the  political  diflblutionof  Poland. 

Hijiotre  abreg  /e  des  ^ej>Mques,  anciennts 
&  tfiodeTHeiy    far  U  Ctoyen   BalaRo, 


heginft  with  the  confpiracy  of    Arbaces  avecj^urest  a  Paris^  cbtsi  C  ail  lot,  Im* 

againft  Sandanapalus,  and  ends  with  that  primsur  Ltbraire^  I'An.  vt.  4  vol.  lamo. 
4>t  the  Swils  againft  the  Houfcof  Auftria;        This  woik  aftbrds  an  additional  proof 

the  fecond  prefm  s  thofe  of  the  north  of  of  the  (ruth  of  an  obfervation,  which  has 

Europe  ;  and  the  third,  thofe  of  Spain,  been  as  frequently  cootefted  as  made,  that 

Portugal,  Italy,  and  France.     This  col-  the  French  revolution  difters  from  fimiJar 


k^ba  of  thofe  fceaes,  which  are  moft 
ftrikii^  in  the  drama  of  hiftory,  cannot 

fail  to  be  interefting. 

Ktjtmrt  de  la  Re'voiution  de  Pohgne,  en 

■  I794«  P^  V*  timoin  oadatre^  a  PanSt  cbex 

*  This  joumsl  it  inib ior  to  the  ether,  being 
illcd  with  iotfpid  antiquities  by  the  aati^uajy 
MllJa,  the  ptthbOBr. 


events  recorded  in  che«annals  of  hiftory, 
merely  from  a  peculiar  complexion  of  dr- 
cumftances,  and  the  temper  of  the  times. 
The  author  gives  a  brief  hiftorical  account 
of  ancient  and  modern  repubtica,  and  de- 
lineates, in  a  pleaftng  manner,  their  ori- 
gin, organization,  and  the  caufes  of  their 
decline  and  downfall.  The  work  com- 
prilca  the  Grecian  republics  of  Athens, 
Laccdcxnooi 


Vol.  v.]         lUtr^eB  tf  Frtnth  LlUraiure.-^PiUtics. . 

Lacedemoa,  and  Thebes,  the  republics  6f 
Carthage  and  Rome,  down  to  the  battle  of 
A^ium,  the  Jate  republic  of  Venice,  and 
the  republics  of  Genoa,  Lucca,  San  Ma- 
hno*  Kaguf^,  Hnliand,  SwiiTerland,  Ge- 
neva, and  America,  and  cooclades  with  a 
•  fuccin£t  impartial  account  of  the  Repub- 
lican  revolution  in  France. 

Camftagnes  du  General  Buonaparte^  &c. 
The  Campa«gns  of  General  Buonaparte 
in  Italy,  during  the  fourth  and  fifth 
Years  of  the  French  Republic,  by  a  Ge- 
neral Officer,  8vo.  This  is  an  tntereftihg 
account  of  thcfe  two  wonderful  campiiigos, 
which  reconcUe  us  to  the  miracles  of  an- 
cient hiftory. 


Memoire'  Miliiaire  fir  Kebl^  &c.  A 
Military  Memoir  re(pe£tiag  Kehl,  C9n- 
taining  an  Account  of  the  PaiTa^e  of  the 
fehincy  by  the  Army  under  General  Mo- 
rcau«  and  of  the  Sieg;e  of  KehK  by  an 
Officer,  Svo.  with  Maps.  This  work 
will  be  ufefui  to  the  future  hiftorian,  by 
jprefenting  minute  and  exadfc  details  of  im- 
portant military  operations.  Accdirding 
to  this  account,  the  fiege  of  Kehl,  by  the 
Archduke  Charles^  was  one  of  the  moft 
difgraceful  and  de(^ru£ttve  ope  rations 
which  the  Aoftrians  ev«r  undertook.  It 
was  a  puerile  piece  of  obftinacy ;  while» 
had  he  advanced  in  imitation  of  the 
Frendi  mode,  Kehl  ronft  have  fallen  of 
coorfe. 

Memoifet  de  Pattl  Jottes^  &c.  Memoirs 
of  Paul  Jones,  writteil-by  himfelf,  analyfed 
and  tranflaced  under  his  own  ejre,  by  the 
Cit.  Andr^y  i6mo.  In  this  little  work 
Paul  does  not  boaft  of  his  own  maritime 
eiploits :  it  is  chiefly  occupied  with  com- 
plaints againft  the  ignorance  of  the  French 
miniilry,  and  corruption  of'  their  clerks, 
which  fniftrated  hh  operations.  He  hat 
likewift;  pccafion  to  complain  of  ingrati- 
tude, both  from  France  and  America. 

Vlftde  en  rap/tori  avee  f  Europe^  &c. 
India  coniidered  with  regard  to  its  Con- 
iiexions  with  Europe,  by  Anquetil  du 
Peron,  a  vols.  Svo.  After  his  refearches 
into  the  antiquities  and  geography  of 
India,  this  author  dcfcends  co  its  modern 
connections  with  various  European  powtrrs. 
He  attempts  to  Ihew,  that  the  Engliih 
commercial  conquefts  in  that  country 
cannot  be  laftine ;  and  recommends  the 
Marattas,  as  the  tureft  allies  of  France,  in 
eradicating  the  Englilb  power. 

MAuoin  fir  ks  irms  Depariements^  &c. 
Memoir  on  the  three  Departments  of 
Coftyra,  Ithaca,  and  the  Egean  Sea,  'oif 
the  citizens  Darbois,  brothers.  Officers  of 
the  %nS  of  the  Army  of  Italy,  divifion 
cl  the  Levant)  8to.  'This  is  a  clear  and 


53? 

conctfe  account  of  the  late  Frtndi  acqui* 
fiiions  in  the  Levant.  The  authors  begiA 
with  an  hiftorical  detail  ccnccrning  the 
iflands,  and  proceed  to  a  defcription  aa4 
a  valuation  or  their  importance. 

It  appears  that  Venice  w^<  in  a  ftate  of 
complete  dotage  before  her  fal^^  and  waa 
only  fupported  by  her  ancient  reputation* 
The  forts,  arfenals,  See.  were  found  in  a 
mifcrable  condition. 

Preci$  de  CHtfiMe  des  Hebteni^  &c. 
An  Abftraft  of  ihe  Hebrew  Hiftory,  from 
Mofes  to  the  taking  of  JertifaJem  by  thd 
Romans,  &c.  by  Edm«  Mentelle,  timA 
In  this  abridgtnent,  inretfded  ^  the 
French  fchools,  all  the  miracles  are  omit'^ 
ted,  or  explained  from  nattlfal  cauTcs* 

POLITICS. 

•  ObftTvatibnis  &c.  ObfervatiooS  on  tht 
Profcription  of  General  Laharpe,  by  the 
patricians  of  Berne,  in  1791,  octavo  paifi^ 
phlet.  The  violent  pertecotion&  of  th% 
friends  of  freedom,  by  the  Swifs  ariftb* 
cracy,  was  one  greit  c^ufe  of  the  late  revo- 
lution in  that  country.  VfOknce,  on 
either  iide,  always  defeats  its  own  pur* 
pofes  in  the  t^oe.  This  pamphlet  ma^ 
be  ufefui  in  forming  a  proper  ei^imaii 
of  that  revolution. 

Des  RfffdtatSy  4tc.  On  th«  Hefalts  of 
the  laft  Campaign,  by  Matthew  Diim3% 
one  of  the  Members  of  the  Cov.ncil  o^ 
Elders,  &vo.  This  pimiphlet  was  pub* 
li filed  when  Lord  Matmibury  was  trying 
to  fubdue  by  gold  a  force,  againft  whicS 
fleel  had  been  found  meSed^al. 
*  Tatihus  iluxiliii,  peHidiqet  site  STnoms, 

Credita    res,    captique   dolls   lavhrymilqae 
fcoaais, 

Quos  neque  Ty<Iides,  ncc  LariiTeus  Ach Jlett> 

Noa  aitoj  domuer«  deceno,  noa  mi^e  caiin«» 
Dumas  was  for  peace  on  almoft  aay  cermi* 

SvJIeme  Mdritime^  &c.  The  maritimt 
and  political  f'yftem  of  fiaropeam^  du:ing 
the  eighteenth  centurv,  founded  on  theit 
treaties  of  peace,  commerce,  and  n^^a* 
tion,  by  the  Cititen  Arnoud,  Sc<u  Ttia 
intent iot)  of  this  work  is  to  eftimatc  tha 
power  of  the  varioOs  jaaval  ftetes  im  Eu^ 
rope  ;  and  to  ftew  that  an  uniea  of  all  ia 
necclTary  to  combat  the  maritime  de* 
fpotifm  of' England. 

J}e  la  Siiuatiofi,  8cc.  On  the  Internal 
State  of  the  Republic,  by  Charles  Thene- 
min,  French  citizen,  Ton  of  a  pmreft^nt, 
who  left  France  on  ^iccount  of  religion, 
with  this  mocto  from  Chancellor  Kiiopi. 
tal's  fpeecih  in  the  Council  before  Charles 
IX,  '*  For  my  part,  I  fliaii  ever  endeavour 
to  mitigate,  and  not  to  inflame."  Bvo. 
This  patriotic  pamphlet  is  divided  iou 
ferea  chanttrsm  and  is  a  moderau  aod  fcD- 

fiblc 


s» 


Retrtfpeci  ^f  French  Litiraiiri.^P^ks* 


[S«^ 


fiblt  defcMe  of  the  French  conftinition, 
Itf  90W  eftatkiftcd.  The  author  begins 
with  Ihewing  the  Tarious  changes  id  the 
national  cbatadUr;  he  aflens,  that  Ri- 
chelieu B  rft  broke  the  power  of  the  people^ 
at  tie  4ijd  that  of  the  nobles  ;  and  tliat  i; 
wu  only  irom  the  date  of  his  adminift ra- 
tion that  the  ^gUih  looked  upon  the 
French  IS  flave«.  .  in  this  the  ingenious 
avthor  is  grof^iy  miftaken,  for  Foiteicue^ 
ip  the  fifteenth  century,  forms  a  compa- 
riTon  between  the  Eogliib  and  French^ 
mid  formally  torms  the  laner  ilavcs>  be- 
caule  in  France  the  people  iiad  oo  ihare 
ia  the  ^government,  the^  boafted  ftates. 
MBcial  being  a^trarily  fttmrnoned  by  the 
king,  and  arbttrahly  ruled  by  him  and 
the  ari^ocraey ;  whereat  England  had  a 
Hui/e  of  Commons  apart*  an  mftitvtion  to* 
nUy  vnknown,  at  all  times,  to  all  other 
conntrift  in  the  world.  Does  lyf .  The. 
l^min  imagine,  that  the  French  ftates. 
me^  bad  the  flightell  ooni.eaion  with 
frtedom  ?  What  coald  a  miferable  ibtrd, 
the  tiers  em^  do  againft  the  nobility  and 
clergy,  unitad  to  opprcfs  them  ?  If  this 
third  ItJkA  ever  had  the  fmalleft  influence, 
urovld  they  have  4)emitted  the  privileged 
orders  to  iaiidle  them  with  all  the  taxes  * 
He. has  only  to  Itok  into  FroiiTarty  and 
pther  early  French  writers,  to  fee  the 
blefled  power  of  the  ftates-general ;  the 
»ffembling  of  whieh  the  people,  in  h€t^ 
abhorred,  as  ibey  knew  well  it  was  onlv 
ft  ^al  of  frelh  taxations.  In  1 384,  fucn 
enonnotts  taxes  were  impofed  l^,  or  ra- 
ther through,  the  0  ares -general,  that  vaft 
HJimbers  of -French  emigrated. 

The  author  proceeds  to  fliew,  that  the 
pvblic opinion  is  not  yet  fiied  and  decided, 
OB  account  of  the  ferment  excircd  by  the 
change  of  property,  in  the  difordtni  infe- 
parable  iram  a  great  revolution,  in  tbefale 
of  the  national  propcny,  and  in  the  tranf- 
fer  of  places  and  power,  from  the  former 
monofwiifis  of  rank  to  men  \)f  merit.  A 
ftaturat  conraqueDce  of  this  traafition  of 
property  into  the  hands  of  friends  of  the 
4aevoltttion  was,  that  the  new  coni^iturion 
neqnires  propeny  as  a  qualiiicatton  to  vote ; 
for  a  great  number  of  thofc  without  pro- 
perty cither  had  loft  it  by  the  revolution, 
and  were,  of  courfe,  \ts  enemies ;  or  hoped 
t»  gain  hy  another  change. 
.  Our  fpaoe  will  not  permit  us  to  extend 
^ur  extra<5ts  much  fnrthcr.  Theremin, 
in  pcnntifig  out  the  advantages  which  have 
followed  the  revolution,  obforvesj  that 
the  very  features  of  the  fair  fex  hare  been 
.iinprpved  by  it,  and  efpecially  thofe  of 
'the  i  lAog  generation ;  the  hard -conft rain- 


ed countenances  of  'fiaves  begin  to  dtf- 
appear,  and*  are  fucceeded  by  the  foft 
beauty,  and  Grecian  form,  fo  common  in 
England :  old  ladies^  accudomed  to  the 
former  court,  are  ^ftoniflied  at  the  change. 
He  then  demonfirates  the  fa(>crior  ad- 
vantages of  a  govern  menr,  condu^>rd  by 
men  of  letters,  like  that  of  f  rarice  at  pre- 
fcin,  to  any  other  form,  ••  bccaufe  it  if 
that  of  men  of  ftiil,  who  defire  no  ap- 
piaufe,  fave  what  is  given  to  fcience  and 
virtue;  who  are,  fo  to  fpeak,  brande<i 
whh  infamy  if  they  enrich  thrrrfeKes  at 
the  public  expence,  having  a  fame  to  lofe, 
and  being  anxious  to  preferve  it ;  and 
being,  moreover,  accuftomed  to  exert 
themftlves  for  the  advantage  and  inHruc- 
tion  of  others,  wtthuur  any  view  of  pccu  - 
ftianr  reward."  A  military  govemment» 
he  (iys,  is  fo  completely  bad,  that  a  defcrt 
is  preferable :  next  to  this,  in  produang 
evils,  is  the  fway  of  the  nobks.  That  <3 
men  of  pmpcrty  has  great  inconvenience, 
for  it  aifigns  every  thing  to  wealth,  aa4 
nothing  to  perfonal  merit,  or  fkill.  In 
Germaay,  fay's  he,  a  man  ts  valued  by 
birth,  in  England  by  wealth,  in  France 
by  merit  only.  What  would  Epaminoo- 
das,  Miltiades,  Regulus,  Fabricius,  or  any 
ancient  kero,  proud  of  virtifous  povcny, 
have  done  in  England  }  Could  any  of 
them  have  bought  an  enfigncy  ?  There- 
min proceeds  to  ftatc,  that  the  rule  of  the 
military,  of  iil(jb!e$,  or  of  people  of  pro- 
perty, always  partakes  of  tyrannv,  while 
men  of  letters  can  rule  by  nothmg  hot 
reafon  ;  inftead  uf  weapons  and  prejudirts, 
the  folc  foppons  of  the  former,  they  only 
ufe  arguments.  •*  Where  fuch  men 
ihew  rhemfelves  in  a  public  ftation, 
they  evince  an  extent  of  mind,  a  faci- 
lity of  conception  and  gt^neral  ideas,  only 
to  be  acquired  by  fludy  ;  and  thcry  frjno 
furpafs  thofe  who  have  only  the  adiritj 
of  intrigue,  pergonal  imercfts,  or  "the 
experience  of  routine*  Hence,  amongft 
the  ancient  Roman*,  the  moft  ilhiflrious 
of  the  people  and  patricians,  whether  of 
the  fword  or  «f  the  gown,  cultivarej 
letters  and  phiiofophy,  as  indifpenfabte 
in  the  government  of  the  Rate.** 

The  citiren  Anqueiil  lately  read  in  rhe 
Injfifutf  a  memoir  on  the  peace  of  the  Pv- 
'rennee^,  in  1659.  Don  Louts  de  HarO| 
the  ambatTador  for  Spain,  neVer  fpoke  po- 
fitivcly;  and  Maiarin,  for  France,  was 
always  equivocal.  Lockhart,  the  EngUQi 
ambaifiidor,  was  a  match  for  both  in  this 
refped  ;  and  England  being  then  floati^ 
between  rcpublicanifm  and  monarch*'  ^w 
was  alkcd  which  he  preferred  ?     He  aa- 

fwcredj 


Vol.  v.]  Itttf^ea  ^Fmkb  LiterttHre.'-'PJhKU 


53j 


fwcftd,  V  yi  fids  le  trh  htimhU  fifviieur 

del  tvintmenti ;"  I  sm  the  raoft  humble 
fervant  of  the  events. 

Dti  R/aShftSy  &c.  On  Political  /tr- 
aSiws,  by  ^Benjamin  Conft&iit>  8yo. 
This  writer  ind  Theremin  are  two  of 
the  ableft  tfefenders  of  the  prefent  confti- 
rution  of  France  \  which,  if  in  the  eyes 
of  fome  not  fufficiently  democratic,  is,  at 
lead,  an  excellent  fchool  for  democracy. 
La  Politique  JtAriftote^  &c.  Ariftotle's 
Politics,  tranflated  from  the  Greek,  with 
notes,  bv  the  Cit.  Champagne,  i  vols.  8^. 
The  French  revolution  has  brought  the 
Grecian  htftory  and  politics  home  to  our 
doors  ;  and  we  are  become  familiar  with 
arlfto^rady  and  democracy.  This  tranf- 
iation  is  faid  to  be  ^well  executed. 

Bei  Caufes  de  la  R/'VoUtiicn,  kc.  Of  the 
Caufes  of  tht  Revolution,  and  of  iu  Re- 
futes, 8v«.  A  moderate  author  in  de. 
fence  of  the  revolution,  \yhich,  as  he 
ihews,  was  produced  by  no  panicular 
e^'ents,  or  intrigues,  but  by  the  progrefs  of 
rcai'on  among  the  pedple  at  large,  arifmg 
moftly  from  the  mere  fpe^^acle  of  faults 
and  errors,  prefented  to  their  eyes  by  the 
antiquated  government. 

Lts  Soirees  d^un  Solitaire,  &c.  The 
Evenings  of  a  Soliury  Man,  or  Confi- 
derations  on  the  Conllitutionai  Principles 
d  States,  by  J .  E.  Chappuzzi,  8vo.  This 
work  chiefly  con  (ids  ut  reflexions  on  the 
leading  events  in  the  French  revolution. 
The  French  prefs  teems  with  political 
works  and  pamphlets,  of  which  wt  ihall 
only  notice  the  chief.  Who  would  un- 
dertake a  review  of  the  pamphlets  pub- 
lilhed  during  our  civil  commotions  in  the 
laft  century,  which  fill  an  entire  room  in 
the  Britiih'  Mufeum,  and  may  be  com- 
puted by  thoufands  ? 

A  g«>od  tranflation  qi  Mr.  EriLine's 
pamphlet  on  the  prefent  war  has  appear- 
ed at  Paris. 

Des  Effets  de  la  Terrestr,  &c.  On  the 
Effects  of  Terror,  by  Benjamin  Conftant, 
Ivo.  This  pamphlet  completes  the  fid^ 
edition  of  the  Re'aBions  PiUtiques  of  the 
fame  author. 

Rrftexions  fitrle  Calte,  &c,  Refle£liont 
On  Public  Worfliip,  on  Civil  Ceremonies, 
«nd  National  Feafts,  by  L.  M.  Revcillere- 
Lepaujc,  Member  of  the  National  Infti* 
tute,  8vo.  The  celebrated  director,  au- 
thor of  this  pamphlet,  inquires,  i.  If  cer- 
tain dogmas  and  a  religious  worfliip  be 
ncceflkry?  He  believes  that  no  nation  can 
omit  them  :  2.  If  this  worfliip  ought  ro  be 
adopted  and  regulated  by  the  Icgiflation  ^ 
He  decides  for  the  ne^tive. 
He  then  exammes  if  pomp  be  Qfefyl 


and  neceflary  in  religions  worflnp.  In 
granting  that  the  multitude  muft  he  at- 
tracted by  their  eyes,  he  aflerts  that  fiie 
time  is  not  yet  proper,  and  th^c  ibaod 
politics  oppole  the  permiflion  of  difplay- 
ing  pomp  in  whatever  wodbtp.  Perhaps 
one  of  the  divi(k>os  of  this  pampblet« 
whrch.may  attract  the  moft  general  appro* 
baiion,  is  that  relative  to  the  civil  cere* 
monies,  or  thofe  which  ought  to  be  nfac** 
tifed.at  the  three  principal  epochs  of  life^ 
binh,  marriage,  and  death.  Fom|>  ap« 
pears  to  him  indifpenfible  in  civil  inftin)* 
tions,  and  particularly  in  national  feftivals* 
On  thefe  occafions  oDght  to  be  d^fpiaycd 
all  that  can  kindle  the  imagination,  elevate 
the  foul  to  the  moft  fublrme  ideas,  and 
the  heart  to  the  moft  noble  fentiinenti. 

This  liale  traft  aboimds  with  great  and 
benevolent  views.  / ' 

P'lies  d'un  Citoyen^  &c.  Ideas  concern- 
ing Sepulture,  by  a  citizen  formerly 
Member  of  the  Legiflative  Aflembly;  8vo, 
The  author,  a  friend  to  the  arts,  recom« 
mends  petfe^l  freedom  to  all  pexiuafions, 
to  txtdt  fepulchral  monuments.  It  'Bad 
been  agitated,  whether  a  tree  planted  oa 
the  grave  fliould  not  be  the  only  memo* 
rial. 

De  la  Families  fc.  Family  confidered 
as  the  Element  of  Society,  hy  T.  Gair« 
audet,  8vo.  This  work  is  founded  od  the 
weli;known  bafis,that  every  fociety,  everr 
ftate,  is  a  compofltion  of  families^  it  it 
not  deficient  in  learned  illuftrations  of 
this  interefting  topic,  and  abounds  with 
docuipents  of  pure  morality.    ' 

De  rEgidite,  &c.  On  Equality;  or 
general  Principles  concerning  Civil,  Po« 
Ittical,  and  Religious  Inftitutions,  2  vols. 
8vo.  This  work  is  a  fupplement  to  a 
former  produftion  of  the  author, '"  The 
Correfpondcnce  of  an  Inhabitant  ofsParis, 
on  the  Revolution,"  179 1.  This  writer 
b  'a  count  of  the  Holy  Roman  empire  ; 
and  it  is  not  furprifing  that  he  ihould 
look  on  objects  wrh  the  green  fpedacies 
of  ariftocracy. 

Plan  dun  nouveau  Tariff  &c.  Plan  of 
a  new  Tarif  of  Contributions,  or  a  Me- 
thod of  diminifliing  the  Land-tax,^  and 
increaiing  the  Revenue  of  the  French 
Republic ;  prefented  to  the  Council  of  Five, 
Hundred,  by  Citizens  Loire-Duchemlni 
furveyors  in  the  canton  of  Liancoun, 
department  of  the  Oife. 

Manuel  adminiftraiif,  Judidmre  &  Ctm^ 
menial. 

This  is  the  title  of  a  periodical  publu 
cation,  the  flrft  number  of  which  was 
presented  to  the  Executive  Directory  and 
the  Councils,  which  ordered  honourable 

mention 


jq6       Ritro^^a  rfFraub  L^^UP$^Bi^f^fy.^Trave&»     tSofu 


fll/ntkm  thereof  to  be  mode  in  the  mifiotes 
9(  the  fiiting,  aad  the  book  to  be  depo* 
ficed  ia  the  library  of  the  Lcgiflativc 
Body).  U  coocains  full  aod  exadt  accounts 
of  the  contriDucioqs,  of  the  public  debt, 
and  of  ail  other  tubjc^,  whicb  relate  to 
the  fiit^nce»,  judicial  proceedings,  com- 
merce and  trade,  &c« 

*  SuhfcriptiunA  are  received,  at  Paris,  at 
CJt'tzen  Darmaing's,  No.  iii2»  Coiu  dcs 
FootaUes. 

Codffir  ia  ComttainU  pac  Corps,  en  Ma- 
iifft  CnfilhiiU  Qotnmeru^'iLc,  A  Code 
of  Arrcfts  ill  Civil  and  Commercial  M^i- 
ticrs,  pursuant  to  the  Uw  of  the  15th  Ger- 
minal, aod  to  that  of  ths  4th  Fluical  (6th 
year),  by  Citizen  Pierre  Loui)»>  Titian- 
dien,  &c. 

This  work  b^  pq.cuUarly  ufcful  to  mer- 
ctiatus,  traders,  bankers,  brokers,  Uwycrs, 
colii.£lon«  agents,  &c. 

DeiuE/pfiblique^Qu  dumetVeur  GouvernC': 
mail,  ouvTO^e  tradmt  de  Cccron,  &c.  On 
Repvibiics,or  un  the  bell  Form  uf  Govern- 
anenc,  a  wgrk  tranfljtcd  from  Cicero,  ind 
rcftored  after  the  Fragmenu  and  his  other 
Writings,  with  Notes,  hiftor  cal  and  cri- 
KicaU  Ao<i  a  DjiTertation  on  the  Origiu  of 
ibe  Sciences,  An%f  and  Philofophy,  &c. 
imoDg  the  Romaos,  1  vmI.  8vo. 

This  work  is  e^itrcmely  intercfting, 
Apt  only  on  account  of  the  name  of  the 
author,  but  alfo  from  the  manner  Co  fuc- 
CffsfuUy  employed  to  refiorc  this  ingeni- 
«us  compoiiiion,  which  contains  the  nearcft 
and  mod  authentic  notions  on  the  con  Hi- 
cution  of  the  Roman  Republic,  and  the 
tto(\  inter  eft  ing  difcuilions  of  a  vari^y  of 
tnosal,  p«)litical,  philofophicai,  and  hifto* 
tical  rut)Jedts. 

RrOGRAPHY. 

r»e  de  L  Itxbe,  Sec,  The  Life  of  L. 
Koche,  General  of  the  Armies  of  the 
Freiich  Republic,  by  A.  RouffcLn,  follow- 
ed by  bis  public  and  /» tvate  comJ}ond£nce 
with  goveinmeot,  and  the  miniCters  and 
generals,  &:c.  in  bis  different  commands 
of  the  armies  of  the  Rhine  and  Mofcile, 
>  of  the  coaft  of  Cherbourg,  of  Breft,  of  the 
Weft  and  the  Atlantic,  of  Ireland,  and  of 
the  Sambre  and  Mcufe  ;  the  fccoifd  edi- 
tion, corre£led,  and  augmented  with  three 
engravings,  reprcreiuine  the  blockade  of 
Dunkirk,  the  affair  of  Quiberon,  and  the 
theatre  of  the  war  on  the  Rhine,  2  vols. 
in  Svp. 

,  This  fecond  edition  is  far  fupcrior  to 
the  firfl,  on  account  of  the  numerous  cor- 
rections made  by  the  author ;  and  the  addi- 
tiou  of  the  above  three  engravings,  or 
■^lans,  renders  this  work  peculiarly  ufeful 
to  oalitary  gentlemen.     A  Illjiory  ^  toe 


ITar  of  la  Vhtdft^  whicb»  w  the  tne 
import  of  the  word,  wa»  aot  yet  wrmen, 
is  fully  contained  in  the  life  and  coire* 
fppDdeoce  of  General.  Uoche ;  and  there 
can  remain  no  doubt  of  its  ^ing  autben* 
tic,  for  furcly  no  one  was  better  qvalified 
to  write  this  biftury,  than  the  pacificacoc 
of  La  Vendue. 

Biograpbie  dc  Sitiddes,  &c.  A  Biogra* 
phy  of  Self-murderers,  by  Ch.  H-  Spies, 
tranflatcd  from  the  Gemuui,  wirh  addi- 
tional Philofophicai  a^d  Moral  Remarks, 
by  J..  H.  Poll,  1  vols.  iimo. 

Uifloire  des  Hommes  iUt0}eSt  ice.  The 
Hiitory  of  thofe  illultrious  Men,  who  have 
done  Honour  to  France  by  their  Talents 
and  Virtues,  arranged  by  the  Days  of  the 
Year;  a  Wotk  ufeful  for  the  Education 
of  Y'luth,  4  vols.  timo.  This  French 
biography  ii  on  the  plan  uf  the  Lives  cf  the 
S»iucs :  it  presents  a  ihprt  life  oC  each 
illuftricius  pcrfon,  under  the  date  of  his 
birth  .or  his  death.  **  My  intention,** 
fays  the  anonymous  author  in  his  preface, 
**  has  iblely  been  to  furnifh  riling  genera- 
tions with  precepts  and  examples;  my 
.wilh  is  that  of  Horace,  DJ  probos  mora 
docite  ji^enta  /  (Ye  gods,  teach  virtuous 
habits  to  our  youth  ! )  What  enlightened 
teacher  wtil not  makc.it  a  dai!y  duty  to 
ibcw  to  his  fcholars,  foroetimes  a  tender 
father,  fomctirocs  a  refpe£tfui  foo,  (bmc- 
times  a  patriotic  pricft,  (bmetimes  a  pacific 
hero  ?  In  every  family  a  new  fourcc  crf 
inftru£tive  converfation  will  arife.  To- 
day Fenelon  was  bom;  to-morrow  \% 
the  anniverfary  of  the  death  of  Turenne  ^ 
who  will  not  delight  to  talk  of  Fenelon 
and  Turcnnc  ?**  The  lives  are  chiefly  mo- 
dern ;  the  work  is  well  executed,  and  has 
nothing  to  uffcnd  men  of  any  pcrfua&on. 

TRAVELS. 

•  Le  Fcyngeur  a  Faris,  &c.  The  Tra- 
veller  at  Paris,  a  pi^lurefque  and  moral 
Picture  of  that  Capital,  3  vols.  tamo. 
This  is  a  kind  of  abridgment  of  the 
works  of  St.  Foix,  Duhure,  Mercier,  &c. 
Vne  Jtmrntc  dc  Parity  &c.  A  Day's 
Ramble  through  Paris,  iSmo.  This  tit- 
tle work  is  in  imiration  of  Stcme,  but  has 
likewife  original  pictures.  The  author  is 
rather  inclined  to  place  the  new  infiitu- 
tions  in  a  ridiculous  point  of  view  ;  bat, 
that  ridicule  is  a  tcft  of  truth,  is  a  maxim 
now  completely  exploded.  Twa  cf  the 
beft  pi£(uresare  the  eating-houre,in«»hich 
the  cbara£kers  are  delineated  on  the  La- 
vaterian  fyilcm  of  pbyliogntfny ;  and  the 
cheCs-room,  prefenting  a  lingular  dclioca- 
tion  of  the  enthufiafm  and  abftrajCtian  of 
the  devotees  of  that  enchanting  game, 
Fcyagts  Phjifiquest  See.  Journics  to  the 
Pyrenaect 


Vol-  v.]  RitnJ^  rf  French  Literaturi,— Travels. 

?yrenndes  in  1 78 1  and  1789,  illuftratinz 
the  Naural  Hiftory  of  a  Part  of  theic 
Mountains,  with  Maps,. by  Francis  Pafu- 
inot,  8vo. 

Foyage  dans  ttnt/rieur  Hes  Etats  UniSf 
Jkc»  A  Journey  to  the  Interior  Parts  of 
Vlie  United  States  of  America,  during  the 
Summer  of  i79i»  byF.  M.  Baiard,  8vo. 
America  is  to  a  phi lofopher  what  Italy  is 
to  an  amateur,  replete  with  intertfting 
fubje£ks  of  obfervation.  Bazard  offers 
important  additions  to  the  accounts  given 
by  Chatelleux  and  Briflfot.  He  now  par- 
ticularly confiders  the  private  life,  the  la- 
bours, and  amufements,  of  the  American 
people.  It.  is  only  to  be  regretted,  that 
the  work  is  too  ihort. 

Voyage  en  Angleiarre^  &c.  A  Vojage 
to  England,  Scotlandi  and  the  Hebrides, 
chiefly  illiiftrative  of  the  Sciences  and 
Arts,  Natural  Hiftory,  and  Manners,  by 
B.  Faujas  St.  Fond,  x  vols.  8vo.  with 
Plates.  The  author  of  this  interefting 
work  had  before  diftinguiihed  hirafclf  by 
his  refearches  concerning  vulcanos,  and 
other  topics  of  mineralogy.  Arrived  at 
London,  our  traveller  becomes  acquainted 
vrith  Sir  Jofeph  Banks,  Mr.  Whitehurft, 
and  Mr.  Cavallo;  and  he  gives  a  parti- 
cular account  of  Mr.  Sheldon*s  mummy 
of  his  milirefs.  He  afterwards  goes  to 
Greenwich,  and  to  the  more  imponant 
i>br^rvatory  of  Mr.  Herfchel,  at  Slough. 
Kew  gardens  are  next  delineated,  in  the 
glowing  colours  of  an  enchanted  botanift. 
The  Britifli  Mufeum  be  defcribes  as  an 
ill -arranged  mafs  of  curious  productions 
of  nature  and  art.  The  opticians,  Ramf- 
den,  Dollond,  Nairn,  the  manufactures  of 
Wedg\vood  in  clay,  and  Parker  in  glafs^ 
fuccefiively  engage  his  attention.  The 
refpedtable  clafs  of  Quakers,  innocent  of 
,thc  fafhiunable  crime  of  murder,  is  men* 
tioned  with  due  refpeCt. 

But  the  chief  objeCt  of  this  journey  was 
to  infpedt  the  volcanic  appearances  in 
Scotland,  and  particularly  the  ifland  of 
StalB.  Our  ingenious  traveller  proceeds 
to  Newcaftle,  and  dwells,  with  compla- 
cency, on  the  grand  mineralogic  operations 
there  difplayed  \  nor  can  he  refrain  from 
pointing  out  to  his  countrymen  the  nu- 
merous advantages  that  would  arife,  if 
the  coal,  mines  in  France  were  explored. 
Arrived  at  Edinburgh,  bis  firft  objeCt  is 
to  viiit  the  greatcft  iron-foundry  iiL  Eu- 
rope, that  at  Carron ;  the  grandeur  of  the 
obje6t^  is  detineatednn  correfponding  lan- 
guage :  «« I  wifli/*  fays  M.  Faujas,  ••  that 
the  painter  of  Vefuvius,  that  Voltaire, 
who  has  fo  well  defcribed  the  effi^Ctt'^of 
that  volcano,   in  its  (trongeft    noCturoal 

MoiTTHLr  Mag.  No.  XXXIII. 


537 


eruptions,  could  have  exercifed  his  pencilt 
on  this  artificial  volcano,  not  lefs  (triking 
in  its  elfefts  than  the  other."  He  after* 
wards  vifits  Sterling,  the  ancient  rcHdence 
of  the  Scottifli  monarchs  :  but  the  inflamed 
coal-mines- at  Culros  (erroneoufly  p'tt 
Kuhoos)  prefent  objects  more  anaMgous 
to  his  purfuits.  Thefe  mines  extend 
under  the  fca,  a  phenomena  wh»ch  fur- 
prifcs  M.  Faujas,  who  had  not  vifitcd 
^yhitehaven;  Whence  he  proceetts  to  ihe 
Highlands ;  he  is  (truck  with  the  fingular 
drelTes  and  manners  of  the  inhabitants^ 
and  pleafcd  with  their  hnfpitdlity  :  fop 
their  monotonous  mufic  he,  however,  ex- 
prelTes  great  contempt;  At  Oban  he  em- 
barks tor  Mull  i  and  terminates  hit 
voyage  at  Staffi,  which  (trikes  him  as  the 
moft  fublirae  volcanic  produAion  in  the 
world. 

On  his  return  to 'Mull,  he  dlfcovers  an- 
other great  volcanic  appearance,  **  This  is 
a  kind  ef  circus  on  the  ancient  plan,  form- 
ed by  natural  walls  of  bafaltro,  rifine 
vertically  with  fuch  rcgohirity,  that  it  it 
difficult  at  6rft  to  conceive  thai  it  is  not  a 
work  of  art  and  induftry ;  but' all' the 
power  of  human  (Irength,  affiftcd  by  me- 
chanical means,  could  not  move  fuch  enor- 
mous malTcs,  the  produ6tions  .of  fi^e^ 
which,  inftead  of  deftroy^ng,  has  formed- 
refults  analogous  to' creation. — Another 
point,  not  lets  curious,  is,  that  the  adja- 
cent obje6bwhich  accompany  this  fingulajt 
produ6tion  of  fubterraneous  6re,  ftcem  as 
if  placed  by  defign  in  the  neighbourhood, 
on  purpofe  to  explain  the  problem  of  its 
formation."  The  columns  are  near 
twenty-fix  feet  high,  and  about  feven  feet 
broad';  the  length  is  eighty-nine,  breadth 
feventy-fix,-  feet.  This  circus  is  io» 
feet  from  the  fca,  on  a  fmall  eminence 
formed  of  lava.  The  manners  and  cuf-- 
toms  of  the  Scottifh  iflanders  are  con- 
tralted  with  thofe  of  the  Englifh.  In  re- 
turning through  the  Highlands  he  obferves 
numerous  volcanic  appearances*  He  crolTct 
to  LockTay,  where  pearls  are  found,  and 
points  out  to  the  fifhers  a  mode  of  difcern** 
ing  the  fhells  which  contain  pearls,  by  the 
perforations  of  an  infect  obfervable  on  the 
outfide.  Perth  and  St.  Andrews  are  af<* 
terwards  defcribed.  M.  Faujas  returne 
to  Edinburgh,  and  forms  an  acqua'mtance 
with  feveral  men  of  fcience.  Dr.  Culleft 
recommends  to  him  the  ufe  '•f  punchy  ae 
an  excellent  warm  Itimulant  in  cold  and 
wet  feafons.  He  is  prefent  at  the  trial  of 
ikill  on  the  bagpipe,  exhibited  by  the 
Highland  Society,  and  exprcffes  his  atto« 
nimment  at  the  barbtrifm  of  th»  mufic  $ 
indeed,  to  prefcrrc  the  pid  inufic,  or  Ian* 

a  2  s^Hfip 


SjV  RtmJ^tl  rf  Fftnch  lifiraittrt*^JlAthiMith,  tic. '    [^ 

{oasef  it  nerely  a  barrier  againll  the  •pro- 
frels  of  ciTilizadon. 


-grcl 

Our  trarellcr  returns  bf  Manchcfter, 
Buxton,  tbc  Peak  of  l)erbfQiirc»  \vhick 
gratifies  hii  curiomy,  Birmingharo,  War- 
Wick,  and  Oxford.  His  renarkt  are 
alwravs  tboTe  of  a  fcientific  and  liberal 
mina;  and  a  tranflation  of  his  work 
would,  doubtlefs,  form  a  pleaiing  accom- 
Daniment  to  the  tour  of  PcpoAOt,  and 
other  modem  traveller!. 

rvyagt  PhiJcJb^iqui,  &c.  A  Philoib- 
shical  and  Pi^urefque  Journey  in  Eng- 
land and  France,  in  1790,  &c  with  an 
Euay  00  the  Hiftory  of  the  Arts  in  Great 
Britaio,  tranllated  from  the  German, 
with  Critical  Notes  on  Politics,  Litera- 
ture,  #nd  the  Arts,  by  Charles  Pongrus» 
IV6.  with  Plates/  An  ihurefliag  work; 
but  the  prists  are  ilUchofon  Ticwi  af  com- 
moQ  edi^es. 

MATHEMATICS. 

f/JUMmis  fur  la  Mttaphifiquet  &c.  Re- 
flc^ioni  OD  the  Metaphviics  of  the  Calcu- 
lation of  Infinites,  by  toe  Citizen  Camot, 
Ivo.  This  work  we  only  point  out  to 
<he  curiofityof  our  readers,  as  the  produc- 
tion of  the  celebrated  dircf^or  fcarnot, 
t^nowB,  before  the  revolutioa,  by  his  Effat 
fir  its  Moibitus  oi  gAiAral*  It  is  a  hn- 
cular  phenomenon  in  the  hillory  of  the 
Buman  mind,  to  fee  a  good  mathematician 
Vecomc  a  great  minifterat  war. 

MSOICJNE. 

A  Colleaion  of  Rcfearehes  and  Obfeft* 
^tiont  on  the  diffsrent  Methods  of  treat- 
ug  Venereal  Diteaiet,  and  e(pccially  un 
ihc  Effc6^s  of  the  Remedy,  known  under 
d»e  name  oVRob  Anti'JyphilUiqtu.  &c«  by 
tafierteur,  ftrcet  des  Petits  Augiffiins^  No. 
1176,  at  Paris. 

MOEALS. 
.  Prindpei  t^  QuffiioHSf  &c.  PrincipFes 
%nd  Que(UoBs  of  Natural  Morality,  a  new 
fditioo,  intended  to  Cerv^  as  a  fupplement 
and  £orreSi/  of  the  works  of  Rochefou* 
fault,  iimo.  An  uTcful  and  plcafing  Ut- 
ile WOKk. 

BEtJU^S  tSTTRES. 
Otitvrei^  de  iHoncriL  &c.  The  works 
of  MoncriiF,  member  of  Cereral  academtes, 
%  new  edition,  augpaented  with  the  hiftory 
«tf  icats,  ewoTotsBes  o^^avo,  with  portrait 
l^d  other  plates.  Tkis  author  w^s  bom 
at  Pacia  in  1M7,  and  died  theie  on  the 
Itth  of  November,  1770.  His  chief 
%o4^s  are:  1.  An  £&ay  on  the  Neceifity 
«mA  Means  of  Pleaftag ;  an  ogreeable  pro- 
dvAion,  elegantly  written }  a.  "Several 
(4Cilf  Talas,  full  of  grace  and  nature, 
ft^"^**^*?**^  ^W  ^^  moolity;  I. 
i^^ii/ft  Poctcy,  Songs,  Oiles,  and  Opt rai ; 


4*  The  Htftort  of  Cfts  ait  i0g6ii(»t 
trifles,  flyled,  by  himfelf,  a  produaioB 
gravely  friyok)uk.  His  language  ti 
SriQiy  pure,  hia  images  clear  and  lumi* 
nous. 

Ocuvres  con^tetes  de  T)reret^  &c'  Th* 
complete  works  of  Freret,  fecretary  of  tb<( 
Academy  of  Infcriptions  and  Belles  Let* 
trcs,  publiflicd  by  M.  Septcbenes,  lo  rols« 
i&m'o. ;  an  injadicious  compilatioii  of  the 
Works  of  a  learned  and  acute  writer.  The 
fmall  form,  and,  above  all,  the  omiffioa  of 
the  references  and  quoationa,  give  an  air 
of  trifling  to  erudition,  and  de0roy  the 
exaAncfs  of  the  refearches. 

Cariu  &  PdydoHy  &c  ismo.  This 
tale  is  now  printed  with  the  celebrated 
name  of  Barthelemy,  author  of  the  Ana- 
tharlis,  by  whom  it  is  now  laduMtabl/ 
known  te  have  been  written. 

[d^'lUi  d<  TbAtcrhe^  &c.  The  Idylle  of 
Theocritus,  tranllated  by  Gail,  a  vols.  410. 
with  plates.  Gail  is  one  of  the  moft  emi- 
nent Greek  fcholafs  now  in  France  ;  and 
this  tranflation  will  not  detra^  froch  his 
former  fame  In  this'branch  of  literature. 

Memoins  dc  Gibbon^  &ic.  Memcrin  of 
Gibbon,  with  (bine  of  his  pofthumous 
\|orks,  and  fome  letters,  x  vols.  8vo.  A 
tudicious  at>ridgtaient  of  Lord  Sheffield** 
large  volumes. 

HifiQire  Criii^  des  MyJIk^s^  &c.  A 
Critical  Hiftory  of  the  Myfteries  of  An- 
tiquity, 18  mo.  A  miferablc  performance, 
and  what,  in  England,  would  be  termed  a 
catchpenny. 

Hai/carnafi,  Src.  Hilicamafliis,  Pri* 
cuni,  Fapbos,  and  Mount  Evix  ;  pofthu- 
mous pieces  of  tfie  Abb^  Barthelemy, 
"iSmo.  We  only  mention  this  publrcatioa 
to  warn  our  readers,  that  it  is  an  impoC 
ture,  generally  difavowcd  hy  the  Abbe*s 
replies.  ' 

A  French  journalift  lately  gave  the  fbl* 
lowing  remarks  on  the  ftate  of  literature 
in  his  country,  which  we  think  coo  inte- 
refting  to  be  omitted  :  *'  How  much  the 
times  are  changed^  efpecially  in  France  ! 
The  trade  of  a  bookrcllexhis  completely 
fallen  i  and  even  when  pea^  may. return, 
it  is  doubtful  whether  it  can  ever  bcccnne 
as  flouriAing  as  in  former  times.  The 
political  revolution  has  produced  a  great 
cliaoge  hi  ideas,  as  well  as  in  fortunes. 
rrintmg,  in  fuccedfulty  fcrring  opiaiaD, 
has  occafioned  incalculable  mHcntcr  to  k« 
felf.  Bo\y  many  works  of  theology,  law, 
genealogy,  even  hiftory,  &c.  are  became 
ufeU&r  The  capital  df  thefe  books, 
which  was  an  hereditary  property^  n  kA 
b^ond  recovery.  '  The  det^nidaaet  of  an 
innoitc  Binbcr  of  Bbnsita'af  the  fc^ 

pitted 


TIA,  v.]    'R»tti^  ifFrmh  UitrMm.^BtJkt  JMtrtu 


%» 


f  refled  bodice  and  of  fN^ticular  finign^Bti^ 
tod  ruined  perfoM,  diminilhet  by  two« 
thirds  the  falci  which  wai  aflured  to  worki 
Af  labour  ao^  foiidiiy,  oo  their  iirft  ap- 
p<.araiifi8.  The  new  rich  pcopk  have 
ckhtr  opt  yet  learnad  to  read,  or  trouble 
thcnfelvcs  very  (ictle  about  inftru^ion. 
The  rayaget  of  war  have  withdrawn  firom 
Ibreigneis  the  Inean^9  and  alraoft  (he  de- 
Are^  of  pucchafing  the  modern  produAions 
/>f  our  prefs.  As  loog  as  the  reign  of 
aifigaat*  lafted,  they  purchafed  from  ut 
maay  books*  which  t  as  they  were  pro- 
cured for  almoft  potbing,  tended  to  the 
real  detriment  of  our  trade  \  now  they 
hardly  boy  a  few  pamphlets,  and  their 
."vrholf  correfpondence  is  not  capable  of 
occupying  or  maintaining  two  or  three 
ikops  in  this  capiul  (Paris).  The  book- 
feUers»  who,  notwithftanding  this  date  of 
^things,  ftill  wilb  to  haaard  fome  enter- 
prifesy  eanoot  raife  moneyi  except  at  an 
exorbitant  intereft  of  fo  much  by  the 
xnonthy  and  can  procure  no  credit  with 
die  paper-maker,  or  prinur,  fp  that  it  is 


obj^  Af  much  regret }  and  the  iif!#  lice* 
rary  inftitutions'  rouft  ceniiinly  fumilli 
occupation  and  bread  to  grcftcer  numbed 
of  men  of  letters,  than  the  ancient  r«f  imrx. 
Utires  de  FfatM,  &»,  Letters  of  Plato, 
traoflated  from  the  Greek  by  A.  J.  Do^ 
gour,  formerly  ProfefTor  in  the  College  of 
La  Fleche,  ismo.  Thef'e  letters  are  weU 
known  to  the  learned*  The  general 
reader  will  be  chiefly  attra^ed  by  fomc 
paflases  on  the  Sicilian  eovemmeiir,  ap. 
plicable  to  the  prefent  ftate  of  affairs  hi 
trance. 

.  Effai  fur  Us  Ouvrages^  iic.  AnEflky 
on  the  Phyfico-itiathematicai  Works  qf 
Lconardc  de  Vinci,  wi^  Fragments  from 
his  Maou&hpts,  brought  from  Italy  \  hy 
J.  B.  Venturt,  4fa  pamphlet.  Amo^ 
the  prizes  derired  from  the  French  war 
in  Ita]y,  are  thirteen  volumes  by  the  cele- 
brated Leonardo  da  Vinct«  who,  todowed 
ivith  extraMinary  talents,  was  jkx  oAly  a 
capital  painter,  but  alfo  a  finil^ter,  inofi* 
.ciani  roa^ematician,  philofopher,  cacd- 
lenc   engineer.      Veatorl,    refidlng    fa 


impofflbU  for  them  to  accompUfii  any  great    France>  obtained  leave  to  infpe^l   thefe 

eb|ed.  "  ' ^  "^    * ^"*  ""  "^ — 

**  Men  of  letters  art  njDt  in^  a  lituation 
lefs  .deplorable.     After  having   loft,  for 

the  moll  pan,  their  annuities  or  penfions, 

.theft  places,  their  fcholars,  he,  and  fbme 

.«yen  their  books,  they  have  only  a  preca- 
rious exigence,  which  has  compelled  many 

.  to  embrace  profe(iioas  little  analogous  to 

their  talle;   othersg   and  tboCe   are  the 

^  greater  number,  al^dou  their  toils  en- 

.  tirely^  defpairing  of  deriving  any  advan- 
tage from  them,  or  of  evpr  feeing  the 
fruita  of  their  labours.  If  this  ^\t  of 
things  ikould    continue,  they  will  eran 

Xurvive»  m  one  may  fay,  their  own 
thought*  \  and  the  i0ye  of  their  long 
ftudies  wiil  be  loft  for  this  agie  and  for 

.  pofterity.  Y ouog  men  pf  letters,  alarmed 
at  titf  profpeil,  mufti  of  neceihty,  re- 
nounce a  career,  lo  which  i  in  rormer 
titoeti  8h>rv»  lame,  which  fometimes  fup- 
plies  iu  plffie^  «oofideration,  fometimes 

.  even  intereft  invited  them.    Wh^t  ihpuld 

.  they  do  apiv  in  thit  career  ?  In  a  ihort 
tioM  they  will  find  neither  judges,  nor 

,  fpetftators,  feor  erowM  \  foon  becoming  as 

*  deferted  ae  the  an«ieAt  fteuH^m  of  Oiym- 

.  pia>  thiecarecr  will  only  fefound  With  the 

.  difoordant  vjoices  of  ^me  barbarians." 

It  muft  not,  howefeo.he  oonoealed,. 
ithic  the  toumai  whence  this  eacrad  is 
taken  (Siagamn  Eng^ck^dique)  is  ftot 
IstvmiraliU  to  the  prefent  ^rder  of  thiags 


volumes  j  and  Iwvhig  extraAed  all  that 
appeared  worthy  of  (^uMicatisot  propofes 
to  publiih,  in  feparate  and  complete  tfta- 
tifes,  ail  that  concerts  mechanicsi  hydhia- 
lics,  and  optics.  It  appears  froqt  the 
prefent  pamphletp  that  Vind»  by  hia 
fublime  genius,  had,  before  the  year 
1 500,  foreftailcd  many  difooveries,  eftetm* 
cd  honourable  to  rfie  two  fucceeding  cen- 
turies. At  the  end,  Venturi  gives  a  cim- 
logue  of  Viaci's  p;6bifes  and  drawings, 
^nd  the  prints  taken  from  them,  and  forms 
a  iuft  and  high  eftimate  of  the  perfe€lihna 
of  this  furprifing  painter.  Rubers  iee ma 
juftly  to  have  faU,  tfaac  it  was  iropoAOie 
to  exaggerate  his  pfaiicy  or  to  imitate  h{s 
(kill. 

Efaifir  Us  Antiquilis,  Ice.  An  Efty 
on  the  Antiquities  of  the  North,  and  pn 
the  ancient  Northern  Timgues,  by  Charles 
Pongeus,  8vo.  This  little  work  prcfeots 
»  ihort  anatyiis  of  works  on  Northern 
Antiquities.  But  the  French  antiqua- 
rians are  not  much  verfed  in  this  bratfch 
of  learning;  and  we  muft  war&  thtm 
again  ft  two  radical  errors,  t.The  runic 
piece  ott  the  ftory  of  Hialmar,  republi(h- 
ed  hj  Hickes,  and  ^often  refierred  to  K  a 
genuine  monument,  is  a  mere  forgery : 
many  late  Dut&  ami^uarianf  have  |ittC 
this  beyond  all  doubt :  a.  A  te&mi^*i|n« 
poctAttt  ervor'is,  that  the  French  anliqua-* 
ries,  milled  by  P^liootierv  cosiouud  ^4 


.  ift  France.    That  the  .propfrrty  in  wotks^  two  grand  divifionr  of  Scythic  and  Cekio 
of  vain  eniditkm,  and  no  utility  to  man-,  nations.    The  fbrmer  ^^e  the  Gothic 

fcimiy  >lMhHMMngY»|Wttd»^piMf  he  aft .  tongue,  from  which  ffci^f  dm  Ge>min, 
.     .  3  2^1  ^fiAtua^ 


S40 


R'ttroJ^a  rfFrtmb  Littraturei^'pHtry, 


[Sup. 


•EagKiht   Scaadinavian,  IccUndic,  &c. ; 

the  latter  the  Celtic,  of  which  the  Iriih, 

^     Wdchy  Armoricy  are  daughter!.    For 

aonple  illuftrations  on  thU  fubjeCt,  we 

.muft  refer  them  to  Biihop  Perqr 's  preface 
to  the  <*  Northern  Antiouitics/'  London, 

•1770,  a'  voU.  8va  and  to  Pinkerton'i 
Diifi nation  on  the  Scythians,  London, 
1787,  8 vo.  An  Eng^ilh  reader  cannot 
htip  beings  imprcflcd  with  the  idea  of 
profound  ignorance,  when  he  fees  the 
£dda  quoted  at  a  Celtic  monvment,  and 
the  Gothic  languages  denominated  Celtic, 

"which  is  juft  the  fame  as  to  fay,  that  the 
peoole  of  London  fpeak  Wel(h<  I  ! 

I      La  F'omce  Utteravre^   &c.    Only  the 

'  firft  volume  of  th*s  work  is  puhliihed  :  it 
it  an  alphabetic  account  of  all  the  French 
authors,  whn  wrote  between  1771  and 
179^-  The  author,  M.  Erfch,  is  a 
Jeained  German. 

Oemvres,  &c.  The  complete  Works 
of  Du  Manoces,  7  vols.  8vo.  The 
V'orks  of  thi>  philoTophical  grammarian 
had  not  b  en  before  col  le£^ed. 

Choix  de  CoJIumesy  &.c.  A  Colle^^ion 
of  the  Coftume,  civil  lind  military,  of  an- 
cient Nations  ;  with  /heir  Furniture,  and 
the  interior  Decorati  ns  of  their  Houfes ; 

•taken  from  ancient  Monuments,  and  ac- 
corr  pmied  wi  h  a  Defer iptiun  derived 
from  ancivni  Authors,  drav\n,  engraved, 

•  and  iiluilrated  by  N.  X.  Willemin,  fmall 
foto.     This  ufeful  work  is  commenced, 

-  and  w  II  contain  150  plates.  A  work  fif 
the  fame  kind,  for  the  m  ddleages,  would 

,  be  of  great  ufc,  our  an  ills  erring  daily  in 
the  cuftume,  in  fpite  of  the  publications 
of  M«'ntfaucon  and  Strutt. 

M^moirts^  oh  EJius  Jur  le  MttfiquCy  &c. 

-  Memoir  ,  or  Eflays,  on  Mufic,  by  the 
Cit.  Gtofrv,  Member  of  the  National 
Inflitute  of  France,  3  vols.  8vo.  This  is 
a  mofl:  intetefting  work,  difplaytng  the 
•graouai  reform  of  French  muiic,  which 

.  now.prefents  an  union  of  German  and 

Italian  harmony.    Gluck  was  the  maimer, 

^  who,  with  an  Herculean  club,  broke  the 

•  old  barbaous  idoU  Geotry  fucceeded. 
What  mighty  genius  (hall  teach  the 
French  the  charms  of  blank  vcrfe,  fo 
fuperhtive  in  epic  and  dramatic  poetry, 
and  familiar  to  all  the  other  nations  of 
Eutfope }  How  much  is  it  to  be  regretted, 

•  that  the  modem  univerfal  language 
Should  be  deficient  in  moft  important  ad- 
irantages ! 

Oeuvres  Poftlmmes  dt  Montefyuieu^  &c. 
The   Pofthumous  Works    of   Montef- 

2uieu,  to  ferve  as 'a  Supplement  to  former 
ditionsi  i  smb.    Theie  pieces,  undoubt- 
w«dly  gcAuiac,  trere  UmA  among  the 


fkmily  papers.  One  of  the  chief  is  a. 
chapter  belonging  to  the  work,  On  the 
Grandeur  and  Decline  of  the  Roman 
Power ;  it  is  intituled,  *^  On  the  Politic* 
of  the  Romans  with  regard  to  Religion,*' 
and  was  too  bold  to  be  printed  under  the 
old  government.  Montifquieu  fliews, 
that  the  Egyptians  and  Jewi  were  the 
only  ancient  nations,  among  whom  the 
prieils  were  a  feparate  and  peculiar  body 
of  men  :  and  he  evinces  thc'-great  advan- 
uges  of  the  Roman  policy,  in  blending 
the  facerdoral  with  the  civil  charader  and 
duties  \  others  are  an  eulogy  on  the  duke 
de  la  Ferer,  and  fome  memoirs  on  lite- 
rature, read  in  the  academy  at  Beardeavx. 
At  the  end  are  thoughts  on  different  fub« 
jeds,  among  which  are  the  following : 

*'  Timidity  has  always  been  the  fvoarge 
of  my  life  :  it  feems  even  taobt'cyre  mj 
organs,  tie  my  tongue,  cloud  my  thoughts, 
derange  my  cxpreiiioi^s.  J  was  kls  fubjtd 
to  thefe  lownefles  before  people  of  wit, 
than  in  the  company  of  fools,  btcaufe  X 
hoped  that  people  c>f  wit  would  find  lome 
in  me  :  this  gave  me  conkidencr.*' 

"  1  have  a  Angular  dilcafe,  that  nf 
making  books,  and  being  aihamcd  of 
them  i^terwards." 

POfTRY- 

Le  Dod^nr  Pancracf,  &c.  Dr.  Pane 
race,  a  fatire  by  Cheoier,  8vo.  This 
poet  is  efieemed  one  of  the  beft  m4'>deni 
fatlriftt,  but  is  fomctimes  too  perlbnal, 
and  has  more  of  the  fpirit  of  Pope  and 
Voltaire,  than  of  Horace  and  Juvenal. 

Entire  aux  Femmesy  &c.  An  ftipiOle  to 
the  Women,  by  the  female  citizen  Pipe- 
let,  8vo.  The  caufe  of  the  ladies  is  here 
defended  in  very  tolerable  verfe.  The 
authorels  infers  an  ab(b«ure  equality  be- 
tween  the  fexes  ;  if  fo,  it  is  furprifiog  that 
the  equality  remains  to  be  proved.  The 
ancient  Amazons,  how  unhappily,  left  be* 
hind  them  no  monument  of  fcieace,  or 
art,  or  even  conqueft. 

Us  Franciy  &c.  The  Franks^  an  he- 
roic poem,  in  ten  cantos,  bv  the  Citrzcn 
Lesux,  8vo.  This  is  a  hiftory,  in  verfe, 
of  the  conqUefts  of  the  French  in  this 
war,  clofing  with  the  taking  of  Mamna. 
In  the  rpirit  of  freedom  it  rivals  Lucan  \ 
but  is  far  inferior  in  point  of  poetry. 

Effaku  'n  "^^s,  &c.  Effays,  in  veHe  and 
proi«,  by  Jofepfa  Rouget  ]>etiile ;  Paris, 
'  printed  by  Didot,  8vo.  This  author  is 
at  once,  poet,  mufician,  and  friend  of 
freedom.  The  Cbtmi  da  Combats  i  or 
Marcellois  Hymn ;  the  foog  of  Roland  at 
Roncevaux,  8cc.  are  knowa  ail  over 
Europe. 

BfUtefiar  eittfy^  &«•    Aa  Softie  m 

Italy, 


Vof.  V,}        RiirefptB  »J  Trench  Ltttraiwrt^-^Noveht  tfc. 


541 


Italy,  with  (ome  other  poems  relative  to 
that  country,  by  Theodore  Defarguro, 
tvo.     Tne  auth  )r,  who  has  travelled  ia 

'Iraly,  and  #rkes  tbc  Italian  language, 
here  pays  a  poetical  trib'btc  to  that  fair 
cooatpy,  and  the  great  men  it  has  lately 
produced. 

La  lUligion  veng//^f  &c.  Religion 
avenged y  a  Poem  ia  ten  canto^,  8vo.  The 
firft  edition  of.  this  poAhumous  work  of 
Cardinal  de  Borius  was  printed  at  Parma 
by  BoiUu  i  the  fubjeft  is  the  triumph  of 
religion  over  idola  ry,  atheiftP,  &c.     In 

.  the  opinion  of  the  French  critics,  it  is  in- 
ferior to  the  fimilar  poem  of  Lduis  Racine. 
Tne  celebrated  poec  Delille  has  pubhfh- 
cd  a  ncvr  work  at  Bade,  his  Georgiques 
FroHfoifes.  From  the  extrafts  we  have 
fccn,  ii  is  vrorthy  of  the  tranflator  of  Vir- 
gil's Georgic,  and  of  the  author  of  Les 
Jaritins.  France  poiTeiret  an  -excellent 
lyric  poet,  Lebrun,  whofe  produ^ions  ia 
the  French  journals  breathe  the  teal  fpiru 
of  the  ode. 

KOVKLS. 

Peregrimts  Ptotei^  &c.  Peregrine  Pro- 
teus, tranflated  from  Wieland,  i  vols. 
i8mo. 

Gerard  de  Velfen,  &c.  Gerard  de 
Velfcn,  or  the  Origin  of  AmfterdarQi  an 
hiftorical  novel,  in  leven  books,  by  Mer* 
cier  de  Campiogne,  18 mo. 
.  La  Keitguufi^  &c.  The  Nun,  by  Di- 
derot ;  a  new  edition,  3  vols.  tSmo.  This 
has  a  portrait  of  the  author,  and  other 
prints. 

Les  BataviU  &<:•  The  Batavians  by 
Biraui:^,  11  mo.  This  is  a  kind  of  hiHo- 
lical  rum;tnce,  founded  oiLthe  deliverancie 
of  the  United  Provinces  from  the  power 
of  Spain.  The  hiftorical  romance  is  an 
Vnpleafing  fpecies  of  compofition  to  read* 
•ers  of  genuine  tafte,  >vhj  would  wifli  to 
keep  truth  and  fidlion  in  their  peculiar 
fpheres. 

Aipbonfe  d^ Arvtencourt^  &c.  Alfonfo 
'd*Armcneourt,  or  the  "Fair  Widow,  bv 
Madame  de  Sancy,  iSmo.  This  novels 
^r  infclrior  to  thofe  of  Madame  Ricco- 
boni,  has  nothing  to  recommend  it  either 
in  piuiy  clUradters,  or  Atuations* 


'Aiexandrine  de  Banrtay^  SfC.  Ale  Tan* 
drina  de  Bannay,  or  Innocence  and  Wic- 
kednefs,  aa  hiftorical  Anecdote  hy  Le 
Brun,  Taffb,'  timo.  The  heroine.of  this 
novel,  daughter  of  a  country  gentleman, 
and  educated  in  the  country  by  a  dcvoiit 
mother,  is  feduced,  or  rather  violated,  by 
a  curate,'  her  confelTor;  becoming  preg- 
nant, her  fcduccr,  to  prefcrve  his  charac- 
ter of  holinefs,  accufed  her  own  brother, 
Uc,  The  profligacy  of  the  Frcuch  clergy 
was  fufBcientty  notorious,  without  adding 
invented  crimes. 

Marie  de  Sinclair^  &c.  Marie  de  Sin- 
clair, izmo.  This  novel. is  of  the  fenti- 
mcntal  cad,  and  feems  to  have  no  parti- 
cular cl:iim  to  recommei^dation. 

MISCELtANI£$« 

EJfaiJur  la  Propreti  de  Paris^  &c.  ^n 
Efldy  on  cicanfing  Paris,  by  Cit.  CflAr- 
VET,  8vo,  This  pamphlet  defcrves 
great  praifc.  The  author  begins  with 
(hewing  the  advantages  of  cleanlinefs  in 
general,  in  a  moral  and  falutary  way.  In 
a  mure  particul&r  conHderation  of  his  fiib- 
je£t,  he  points  oat  the  deftfts  in  the  ca- 
piul,  the  dinincfs  occafioned  by  the  wane 
of  drains  and  fewers,  the  height  of  the 
hoal'es,  the  narrownefs  of  the  Greets,  the 
filthy  red  with  which  the  outfide  of  the 
Ihops  is  daubed,  by  way  of  ornament,  ftalls 
permitted  even  in  narrow  places,  horfes 
Ihoed  in  the  ftreet,  carnages  and  caiks  left 
{landing,  clothes  fcowering,  and,  of  late, 
even  butchers  ki  ling  and  cleanling,  (kins 
fufpended  by  tanners,  and  linen  by  waflier- 
women.  The  author  juftly  obfcrves,  that 
'it  is  in  vain  to  ornament  a  city  with  mag« 
niticent  edifices,  if  the  avenues  be  fuSered 
to  remain  thus  obnoxious.  .  *•  It  is,*'  fayi 
he,  *'  like  hanging  of  fine  paintings  in  a 
room  fpread  with  fpidcr-wcbs." 

Effaiffr  la  Phtfiognomie^  &c.  An  Eflay 
on  the  Phytiognomy  of  living  Bodies* 
from  Man  down  to  Plants,  &c.  by  J.  J. 
Sue,  &C.  S^vo.  The  abfurdities  of  La« 
vater  foon  fell  in  Englandj  but  feem  to 
thrive  in  France.  Fielding .  fiiys,  **  we 
may  look  in  a  man's  face,  to  fee  iJF  he  have 
had  the  fmalUpox,  hut  for  nothing  elfe. 


rj"  Tlefe  RetnJ^ffi  will,  in  fitiure  Supj>lemtn/s,  be  extended  to  the  State  ofUtcraUtri 
i^  the  NoRxa  tf  EuRorsi  ItalYi  and  America. 


*♦• 


'Mf.  Opr  9H  Ctin. 


{5V 


7«  Oi  SdHt^tfthi  MoMthly  ^Aagfimm. 

SIX, 

THE  ftudy  of  medals  is  by  many  con** 
fidered  a  Irivoloui  and  unDrofitable 
puriUit  \  aad  by  many  made  tne  fubjef^ 
of  (atire.  But  fatire  mav  ftrike  what  u 
not  vuloerable»  and  the  oluvr  may  recoil 
on  tbe  aHailant.  Ti  Ifien»  I  confdV,  are 
proper  obje^s  of  ridicule,  and  trifleri 
are  found  amonir  the  coUeaoii  of  coins  i 
but  on  what  fubjefls  may  not  men  trifle  ? 
Are  not  painters,  poeta,  philofopheri 
and  diviaeB  freauently  uiflers,  infuifera- 
ble  triflers  ?  Dmt  efi  di^re  in  loco — to 
trifle  in  feafon  is  fwcet — is  unquefttona- 
'  hij  an  excellent  maxim,  but  is  liable  to 
miiinterpretation,  and  may  be  carried 
beyond reafonabfe  bounds,  particularly 
jf  that  •rule  of  philofophy,  laid- down  by 
an  ancient  wntcr,  be  admitted,  *^  to 
perform  nothing  merely  for  the  fake  of 
pleafure>  but  witn  the  profitable alwajs  to 
mix  the  agreeable/* — Being  conTinced 
that  the  abufe  alone  of  the  medallic  art  is 
entitled  to  ridicule,  I  beg  leave,  agreea- 
bly to  my  former  notice,  to  fubmit  to  the 
conlideration  of  your  readers  the  follow- 
i«g  remarks  i 

I.  The  ftudT  of  coins  may  be  rendered 
fnbfcrvient  to  literary  puriuitsi  I  more 
.  particularly  refer  to  ancient  literature. 
it  is  not  neceflary  to  inouire,  at  prefent, 
.  concerning  the  period  when  medals  were 
firil  invented :  this  would  be  a  queftion 
iather  curious,  than  ufefvl ^  and  though 
agitated  with  plaufibility,  could  not'  be 
.  iatist'a£\orily  fettlcij.  SulEce  it  to  ob- 
ferve,  that  the  original  method  of  com- 
merce was,  to  eyciiange  one  commodity 
for  another  \  and  that  when  medals  were 
^T^  emoloyed  as  fubflitutes,  they  were 
made  ule  uf  ra  rough  bars.  Thefe  bars 
,were  valued  according^  to  weight  and 
bulkt  hence  the  Shekel,  the  principal 
coin  anitng  the  ancient  Hebrews  is  ae- 
rived  from  Snake l  to  weigh  ;  to  which 
ftinrr,9^i  from  ir»yM9  to  weigh,  anfwers 
aiuoiig  the  Greeks.  In  like  manner 
pimkre^  to  weigh,  among  the  Latins, 
is  the  origin  of  tUe  words  impendtre,  ex- 
pendere,  and  other  fimllar  words,  for  pay 
mgand  fpcnding  money. 

An  acquaintance  with  antient  medals. 
'  may  be  ferviceable  to  men  of  letters  in 
various  ways. 

I.  The  Religion  or  Mythology 
of  a  country  may  be  illuftrated  by  them. 
On  conddcring  the  ulefulnefs  and  unport- 
ance  of  any  difcovery,  the  ancients  were 
ambitious  of  afcribing  the  invention  to 
their  gods.    Ceres«  wc  v«  toldj  dii'cg* 


iwtd  com  \  Bacchuty.  tha  vint  \  Pallas,; 

the  oUvc  I  and  Triptokmus,  the  plou^ 

JUber  Ic  alroa  Ceres,  veftro  i|  noiicfe  t^as 
Chaonuun  pingut  gUadem  miitavit  aiffta^ 
Poculaq.  invtatis  Acfaeloia  milcvit  wis. 
Bscchus,  and  feA*riog  Ceres,  pow'r  divtoe. 
Who  gi^cs  us  corn  for  meat,  for  water  vine; 

Oleseq.  Minerva 
inventrix,  unciq.  Puer  monfbstor  aiatri. 

Inventor,  Pallas  of  the  fattening  oU, 
Thou  founder  ot  the  plough  and  plowxaan's 
toil.  ihid^ 

Some  have^  in  like  manner*  attribmcd 
the  difcovery  of  medals  to  Jamu  ar  Sa* 
turn,  fie  tnis  as  k  may,  tha  aacirots 
carried  their  religious  ideas  to  their  aoiai, 
and  to  treat  diirei'pe^fullj  a  coin  ftampcd 
with  the  head  of  their  pnnoett  was  cod- 
iidered  an  impiety.  They  were  foiai  of 
adorning  the  reverie  of  their  medals  with 
the  heads  of  thi^ir  deities,  ^th  their  ap. 
propriate  charaSers,  and  offices^  or  with 
the  more  Uriking^  cironnftanccs  and  dif. 
tindioitt  of  their  religioUs  ceimonks. 
Thus  we  have  CaHor  and  Pollux  on 
horfcback  ;  ApoUo  with  his  lyre :  Cupid 
iharpening  his  darts,  and  vi^th  a  quircr 
of  anowt }  Mercury  with  his  caduceus, 
and  Pegafus  \  and  the  like.  The  ancient 
Hebrews,  in  like  manner,  (hewed  particu- 
lar attention  to  their  religious  ceRmonics 
on  their  coimt,  examples  of  which  may  be 
ieen  in  the  writers  on  Hebrew  antiqui- 
ties ♦.  The  religion  of  the  Greeks  is  lup- 
polcd  by  Ibme  to  be  notUbg  but  an  nnifonn 
and  impiviniKfpcctesofperiantficatiaD.Iu 
peculiarities  may  be  illuftrated  by  medals. 
With  rdpeft  to  this  view  of  tfaie  fub>c^, 
then,  a  good  colkftias  of  eoina  may  be 
coniidered  not  only  as  a  kiad  of  Mimo> 
•  lA  TtCHViCA,  but  as  fi»  nswy  expo, 
fuiona  (laid  immedaatd^  before  the 
eyes)  ot  the  religious  rites  of  renaitt 
pcrMs. 

a.  Tlie  knowledge  of  Hf  stoky,  and 
inquiries  conne^ed  with  hiftory,  may  be 
expedited  'by  an  acquaintance  with  me. 
dalK. 

Many,  of  the  defigna  oa  aode^  coias 
arc  as  trifling  and  impertinent  as  the  ex- 
ecution of  the  arcift  it  mean  voA  homely, 
Thi*  obfervatiooy  howevar,  la  aot'ia^ 
tended  as  an  iniinuatioB,  Um$  u$kMiW 
is  entirely  blamelefs.  'Some  of  the  Ro^ 
man  coins,  fbunped  under  their  emperors, 
fpeak  the  language  of  adulation:  but 
evtn  in  thofe  few  inilances,  it  was  tbe 

^  Vid.VIllalpaadus  de  Pond.d(  N^mirsu;. 
lib.  ii,    Difl*.  it.  cap.  ai« 

Janga3|; 


v<ii.v.] 


Mr.  t>jer  in  Colw. 


Hi 


fehgtiigtf  of  gwrerntftent,  hot  the  Ian- 
tfutge  of  private  individuals,,  confound*' 
lii^  the  euftoms  of  remote  periods,  ani 
of  diffierenc  nations,  or  trumpeting 
forth  their  own  praiUbs,  ahd  prelcnfing 
you  with  reprefentations  of  their  own 
perfont.  Mim-maiters  were  appointed 
by  the  government,  and  the  devices, 
more  particularly  in  the  pu^e^  days  of 
the  republic,  were  ^gnificant  and  in- 
ftruftive.  Every  event  of  national  itn- 
^rtance  is  recorded  on  them,  and  ttoAj 
are  noticed,  that  are  left  unrecorded  by 
Che  hiftonau :  fo  that  ahcient  coins  may 
be  confidered  at  monuments  thrown  over 
the  deraftation  of  ages,  or  perhaps, 
more  properly  as  cabinets,  in  which  are 
fitScrvtd  tlie  arcana  of  ancient  hiftory. 

Baron  Spanheim,  who,  with  lome 
diffufenefii,  has  written  on  the  ufe  of 
medals,  eftkbliihes  their  importance  from 
thefe  long  confiderations :  iirft  from  tlie 
injury  of  barbarous  times,  which  tranf- 
mirtfd  thehii^ory  of  the'firft  ages  in  an 
imperfeft  form :  fecondly,  from  the  con- 
tradictions of  the  Greek  and  Roman 
hiftorians:  thirdly,  from  the  charaftcr 
of  hiftorians,  who,  through  hatred,  par- 
tiality, or  negligobce,  have  miftated  fafts: 
fourthly,  from  the  conduft  c/f  hiftorians, 
in  many  refpefts  of  great  authority,  but 
who  have  omitted  circumftances  of  the 
utmoft  confequence  to  the  perfection 
and  iategrity  of  hiftory  *• 
The  nedAl,  fiiithAil  t«  its  chaif  e  of  fsme, 
Throo^  climes  and  ages  bears  each  form  and 


In  one  fliOirt  view  fiibjcacd  ta  ©ur  eye, 
God»t  cxap*rori,  heroes,  fages,  beauties  lie. 

In  Uke  manner,  the  dales  of  remarka* 
ble  events  have  been  fixed,  which,-  but 
for  the  light  derived  from  ancie«t  medaU, 
%7Duid  have  been  unknown )  lb  that  the 
ftudy  of  coins  may  affift  cbronobfy:  the 
kames  of  various  cities  have  been  renoned, 
ind  light  has  been  thrown  on  ancient 
gevgrApfy\  the  nmembrana  of  remarka- 
ble eufiom  has  been  pftferved ;  the  form 
not*  only  of  the  Greek  and  Roman  Ict- 
-  ters,  but  of  the  Phoenician,  the  Hebrew, 
and  Samaritan  have  been  afcertained; 
«nd  other  particulars,  throwing  li|ht  on 
hiilory,  have  been  elucidated,  eonftrming 
dvbiottt  fi6U,  or  difproving  erroneous 
iGbitenents. 

*  3.  The  nwdah  of  anticpiity  have  been 
beneficial  in  the  art  of  painting.    This 

*  Execbielis  Spaahelm  DifTertatio  de  prs- 
ftantia  e^  vfis  numifolacum  antit^uoram, 
J.  97. 


divW  art  wafi  advanced  fo  gfeat  perfec* 
tion  by  the  Greeks.  But  where  arc  the 
immediate  proofs  of  its  excellence  ?  ThcjT 
aie  perirtjed.  The.  very  few  remains  oi 
the  Grecian  painters  rather  create  forrow 
and  regret,  than  pleafure  and  fatisfac- 
tlon.  EVen  Apeltes  only  lives  in  repu- 
tation. The  Venus,  that  obtained  (b 
many  adtnirers;  th^  Alexander,  with 
liia  thunder,  that  ftntck  horror  into  be* 
holders  i  thofe  prodigies  of  (kill,  the  pro« 
du6lions  of  Parrhafius,  Zeuxss»  and 
Protogeoes,  are  now  no  mote:  A)  peri^- 
able  are  the  mofl  exqujfite  exhibitions  of 
the  art  of  painting  1  The  beautiful  fimik 
Of  Cieero  cbmparmg  the  republic  of  hit 
time  to  a'  pi^luix  perKhiog  through  age^ 
and  lofing  its  genuine  colours  and  lioesy 
conveys  a  (erious  and  affeflin^  truth,  that 
one  of  the  mo((  fafcinating  arts  is  the 
mod  fleeting,  and  indebtra  for  ita  r^* 
membranceto  foreign  affillance. 

The  importance  of  medals,  with  re* 
gard  to  painting,  confifts  not  merely  in 
their  achibiting  patterns  or  exemplars^ 
executed' with  tafte  and  ingenuity,  but  in 
their  being,  in  fome  inftances,  the  only 
means  of  preferving  the  deiigns  of  the 
moft  perfect  mailers  of  painting;*  Nor 
need  it  furprife  us,  that  painters  have  H^ 
much  contributedto  promote  the  ftudy  of 
medals.  Pifani,  Bolcleri,  and  other  paint* 
ers,  firft  revived  it  in  the  1 5th  century  < 
Raphael  had  thoroughly  Ihidied  the  (ub- 
je£l,  as  well  as  Le  Bruii,  and  Rube&sfaad 
a  fine  collection  in  hit  own  pofleflioa. 

It  has  been  frequently  obfenred,  thai 
painters,  (latuaries,  and  medailifts  woriied 
from  the^fame  deftgns.  The  moft  beau< 
tifiil  ftarues  extant,  all  of  them,  make 
their  appearanoe  on  ancient  eoint,  though 
the  figures  that  reprefent  them  M^re  never 
conceived  to  be  copies  of  ftatutt,  till  the 
copies  themfel ves  were  difbovertd .  Th it 
is  true  of  the  He^cules  in  the  Pamefe  Pa* 
bee  \  the  Venus  de  Medic  is  $  the  ApoUo 
in  the  Belvidera;  and  the  celebrated 
Marcus  Aurelius  on  horfeback  f. 

4.  The  fourth  ufe,  that  I  (hall  men- 
tion, to  which  the  ftudy  of  ancient  medals 
may  be  rendered  fubfenrient,  it,  to  iUn- 
ftrate  the  aneient  poets. 

When  it  is  recolle^ed  that  the  mtnti 
as  before  obferved,  wae,  in  ancient  tinie«» 
entirely  under  the  direi^ion  of  ^oveni« 
ment;  that  the  medallift  and  tfce  poei 
freqnentlf  worked  from  the  tktut  UMdeltt 
lived  at  the  flMne  period,  and  were  habn 
tuated  to  the  fame  cuftoms}  it  it  a  natvrtl 
- 

t  See  AddlTon*!  Dhie^es  ontheufelul- 
oefs  of  Ancient 'Medals^  dial;  L 

cenieqiisncet 


5ff 


^<  Dj*r  ««  Colnt^- 


IS«N 


coiiieaiicnee«  that  the  RrerTe  of  a  medal 
AoulJ  otten  explain  fome  verfes  of  a  pOet, 
and  that  the  veiies  of  a  poet  (hould  tinfoid 
the  de^gn  or  the  infcription  on  a  medal. 
One  ot  our  Englifli  ar lifts  has  arailcd 
himiUfofthis  parailelirm  of  defign,  and 

fiven  an  elegant  edition  of  one  of  the 
Atin  poets  x  Elegant,  I  meln,  in  refer- 
aice  to  engravings,  accompanied  with 
eopper-plate  coins,  illuftrative  of  the 
poett-' 

On  tbi«  fubjefl  it  would  be  rerV  eafy 
to  multiply  quotations  :  but  I  Ihould  un- 
avoidably exceed  my  limits,  and  be  in 
danger  of  merely  repeating  obfervaiions 
already  made  fo  well  by  Mr.  Addifon, 
'  and  tnerefore  familiar  to  your  readers. 
I  fiiall  fatisfy  myfelf  from  a  furvey  of  the 
*••  ^bree  Series  of  Medals t'*  brought  for- 
ward by  Mr.  Addifon,  to  deduce  one 
genei^al  ohfcrvation,  which  is,  that  as 
the  medalflc  art,  and  the  art  of  poetrv, 
as  pra^tifed  by  the  ancients,  re  flea  lignt 
on  each  other,  fo  modem  poetry,'  by  a 
comparative  view  of  their  qualities,  may 
derive  to  itfelf  confiderableembellilhment, 
provided  it  indulge  not  in  unnatural 
imitations,  and  incongruous  imagery,  and 
content  it^lf  with  imitatinj^  the  manner, 
rather  than  the  matter  of  the  ancients, 
othcrwiie  it  will  tic  expofed  to  the  cen 
iUre, 

Humano  capiii  cervicem  pldor  equinam 

Jungere  fi  velic,  &c. 

II.  I  proceed  to  the  ftcond  obje£l  of 
this  cfi&y,  which  is  to  confider  the  me- 
4alltc  art  in  ceference  to  modem  times. 

Amung  peribns  acquainted  with  an- 
cient and  modem  coins,  I  run  no  hazard 
of  being  coBtradif^ed,  or  charged  with 
bigotry,  when  affirming,  that  the  medals 
4»f  antiquity  are  very  fuperior  to  the  mo- 
dem. At  prefent  we  ieem  ratlier  ambi- 
tious of.  making  new  coins,  than  of  col- 
le^ing  old  ones.  To  give  this  propenfity 
then  a  ufeful  dire^on,  and  with  refpef^ 
to  antiquity,  to  carry  the  imitative  art 
{o  far  only  as  confifts  with  propriety, 
'Would  deferve  commendation.  To  keep 
alive  the  remembrance  of  important 
events »  whether  they  regard  the  caute  of 
literature  and  humanity,  of  public  liberty, 
and  of  public  happinefs,  or  todefcribe 
Vieful  inftitutions,  public  buildings,  or 
national  cuftoms,  fome  way  or  other  con- 
Bc^ed  with  the  intention  of  ftrikine  the 
inedalf  would  be  no  lefs  honourable  to 
the  prefent  times,  than  ufeful  to  poftcrity . 
and  the  parties  concerned  would  not  b^ 

t  Horatii  Opera,  Londioi  i£aeli  Tabulii 
incUitJohaoacsFine,  2733. 


cxpofed  to  the  imputatkii  of  ulckls  la. 

genuity  or  of  perional  Canity, 

Inftead  of  writing  a  diflertatjon  on  the 
(ubjdS,  I  fend  a  medkl  bv  way  of  iHuftra- 
tion,  together  with  a  uoit  account  of 
its  origin  and  objcA. 

June  3,  1796,  was  a  memorable  day 
to  the  freeholders  of  Herefoidihire  j  feve- 
ral  confider  It  as  the  aera  of  their  inde- 
pendence. The  chara£ler  of  that  county, 
oeyond  many  other  counties  in  England, 
naturally  inclines  to  independence.  In 
confequence  of  the  number  of  finalf  free- 
holds, into  which  it  is  divided,  axKl  the 
produdive  quality  of  the  land. 

Notwithftanding  thitf;  through  the  in- 
teretl  of  great  families,  tlie  county  hid 
been  long  reprefented  in  parliament  by 
peribns  vi?ho  had  not  efpoukd  the  Interefts 
of  the  people,  and  one  (Sir  G.  Cornwall] 
had  recently  expofed  himiclf  to  Aifpicions 
detrimental  to  his  popularity.  Thefe 
circumftances,  together  with '  the  critical 
(iluation  of  public  afl^irs,  and  the  im- 
natience  of  the  people  on  account  of  the 
nigh  price  of  com,  which  they  -fnpiiored 
to  proceed  fiom  the  war,  agitated  the 
minds  of  the  yeomanry,  and  they  deter.- 
mined  to  do  themfelves  juftice. 

Accordingly,  a  few  days  before  the 
hift  general  election,  the  people  of  the 
coimty  role,  as  it  were,  by  one  general 
impuife.  Till  the  Wcdnculay  pirvioas 
to  the  eleflion,  they  had  done  nothing 
a^lively.  The  day  of  eleflioo,  however, 
being  nxed  for  Friday  the  3d  of  Jane,  t 
meetmg  of  highly  rdpe^able  and  patri- 
otic freeholders  affembled,  who  nnally 
determined  to  nominate  candidates,  to 
afford  the  jxeople  an  opportunity  xA  cx^ 
prefiing  their  ientiroents  to  the  old  mem- 
oein.  The  perfons  in  contemplation 
were.  Colonel  JOHN  ScifDAMO&£,  Capt. 
Symmonds,  and  Robe&t  Biodulph, 
£fq.  all  eqtully  entitled  to  the  cha- 
ra61er  of  friends  to  liberty,  and  only  pre* 
ferablc  one  tp  the  other  as  accidental  cir- 
cumftances might  render  them  more  or  leis 
the  obje£ls  of  public  confidence* 

CouAderations  of  long  and  acknow- 
ledged fervices  renderdi  every  prtfrrencc 
in  tavour  of  the  name  of  Scudamor£ 
natural ;  and  the  recent  injuftice  heaped 
on  Mr.  BlDOULPU,  at  his  late  conteft 
for  Leominfter,  excited  a  jgencral  indig. 
nation  in  the  breafts  of  tfw  people.  It 
was,  therefore,  determined  to  put  theic 
tWo  gentlemen  in  nomination,  to  the  pre- 
fent exclufion  of  Capt.  Symmonds,  the 
obje6l  of  their  equal  attachment,'  and  of 
their  Riture  hopes. 

'    The'  yeomanry  of  Herefbrdihire  con- 

'ikferisg 


Vol-  v.] 


Tcfur  in  the  Vicinity  of  Dublin. 


/idermg  the  3d  of  June,  1796,  the  aera  of 
their jtriumph  over  the  powerful  influence 
of  great  families,  and  of  their  aiTerting 
and  obtaining  their  independence,  had 
an  appropriate  medal  ftruck,  which  I 
fend  ^ou. 

The  figrure  of  a  bull  has  long  been  re- 
ceived as  ^mbolical  of  the  dullnefs  or 
tamenefs  ot  the  Englifti  charaftcr.  On 
the  Face  of  the  medal,  therefore,  appears 
a  bull  breaking  its  chains,  and  trampling 
tj-em  under  its  feet.  The  infcription  on 
the  edge,  or,  at  it  is  called,  the  LsEGEnd, 
is  fimply  Herefordlhire.  The  exergue, 
June  3,  1796. 

The    rcvcrfc  is   dcfcriptive    of    tlie 


545 


agricultural  chara^er  of  Hereford/hire, 
wnich  is  well  known  to  abound  with  the 
apple  tree,  the  pride  of  that  county,  and 
with  the  oak  tree .  A  t  Irde  of  oak  leaves, 
an  apple  tree,  and  plough,  are,  therefore! 
devices  properly  illuftrative  of  this  cha- 
rafter.  The  hmplicity  and  appropriate* 
nefs  of  this  medal  render  it  unneceiTary 
for  me  to  offer  any  more  cbfervations. 
I  (hall  be  happy,  fir,  if  to  the  excellent 
medal  fcnt  you  from  Edinburgh,  you 
/hall  fee  reafon  to-  add  Chis.  I  remain, 
refpeft fully,  yours,  ,  G.  Dyer. 

[The  prcfent  Efliy  was  ftnt  to  the  Editor 
nearly  a  twblvefnontii  ago,  but  wasmiHaid.] 


TOUR  IN  THE  VICINITY  OF  DUBLIN, 

PERFORMED    IN   THE    AUTUMN    OF    1797. 

\Continued  from    the    Magazine    jor    June.'l 


npHE  next  houfe  which  claims  any  at- 
•^  tention  as  an  archite6turnl  Front,  in 
Dublin,  is  Lord  Powc  fcourt's,  in  Wil- 
liam (Irect ;  the  archit-  dture  is  found, 
and  not  devoid  of  tafte  ;  it  has  a  large 
ruftic  gateway  upon  either  fide,  but  its 
being  fituated  in  one  of  the  narTowcft 
flrcets,  together  with  one  of  the  moft 
crowded  meat  markets  in  thiic  city,  being 
within  a  few  feet  of  the  hall  door,  renders 
it  almoft  wholly  uupleafant,  and  unwor- 
thy of  notice. 

The  marquis  of  Watcrford*s  houfe,  in 
Marlborough  ftrect,  is  a  good,  plain, 
flone-fronted  building,  detached  from  the 
ftreet  by  a  heavy  wall,  but  it  has  a  fpace 
of  grpund  in  the  rife,  forming:  a  lawn  and 
ihrubbery,  and  occupied  by  ofHces,  &t.  of 
not  lefs  than  four  acres  in  the  wh  le.  The 
former  beauty  of  this  fituation  is  almoft 
tetirely  dcftroyed,  by  the  number  of 
houfes  recently  built  in  that  vicinity, 
which,  at  prefeot,  nearly  furround  it. 

Lord  Alclborough  is  now  buildmg,  in  a 
iituation  the  moft  fwampy,  and  one  of  the 
lowcA  levels  in  Dublin  (called  the  North 
Strand),  a  very  haodfome  houfe,  as  to  ex- 
ternal appearance  ;  the  north  or  principal 
front  is  of  Iri/h  granite, 1  or  mountam- 
ftone,  which  is  of  a  very  durable  texture, 
and  of  a  very  bright  colour,  being  much 
whiter  than  Portland  done,  and  of  a 
grain  which  works,  perfectly  neat  and 
iharp,  as  far  as  is  requilite  for  mou icings, 
cornices,  &c.  but  not  for  ornamental  carv- 
ings;  the  other  three  fronts  are  of  a  com- 
pofition  of  plaiftcr  laid  upon  brick  walls, 
and  are  intended  to  referable  done  a&lers ; 
there  is  a  neat  baluftrade'furrounding  the 

Monthly  Mac.  No.  XXXIXI. 


roof,  decorated  with  fome  ornaments  of 
Code's  artificial  ftone-manufa£lory  at 
Wcftminftcr- bridge,  from  whence  they 
uerc  c;.iTied  thither,  as  likewife  his  lord-  • 
ihip*s  arms  in  bajfo^elievo^  placed'  in  a 
pediment  in  the  north  front ;  but  fuch  a 
houfe,  in  and  uprtn  fuch  an  illchofen  fpot^ 
is  the  aftontll)ment  of  every  perfon  who 
fees  it,  even  of  common  tafte :  it  is,  be« 
(ides,  befpattered  upon  all  fronts  with 
moitos,  which  makes  it  appear  extremely 
vulgar  :  in  a  frcize  imraediarciv  ixlow  the 
cornice,  in  the  principal  front,  is  engraved^ 
in  capital  letters,  SIT,  SITI,  LiETAN* 
TUR.  \  and  in  the  freize  of  a  fmall  pot* 
tico  over  the  hall-duor,  in  the  fame  front* 
is  alfo  engraved,  in  large  letters,  OTIUM 
CUMDIGNITATE.  This  is  rendered 
the  more  ludicrous,  by  a  circumil<mce 
which  prefentcd  juft  at  the  time  of  this 
motto  being  exhibited,  namely,  that  of  the  . 
prcfent  Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland  hav- 
ing declared,  in  the  Houfe  of  Peers,  his 
intention  of  moving  for  a  cenfure  upon 
Lord  Aldboruugh,  for  mal-pra6lice  ;  this 
intention,  however,  the  Chancellor  waved, 
but,  neverthelels,  ordered  his  Majefty'a 
Attorney- General  iii  that  kingdom*^  to 
profecute  Lord  Aidborough  for  a  libel 
againft  the  dignity  of  parliament,  and  bis 
Hation,  which  was  accordingly  done  i^ 
obedience  to  that  order,  and  his  lordibip 
was  found,guilty  of  the  fame  in  the  court 
of  Ring^- Bench,  in  laft  Michaelmas 
Term.  There  is  ere6^ing,  clofe  to  the 
principal  front  of  this  houfe,  a  building 
which,  from  its  ftranee  appearance,  in- 
duced me  to  enquire  for  wjiat  it  was  in* 
tended  ?  whea  the  workmen  anfwered, 
4  A  -  •*  fl  Flay^ 


546 


Tour  in  the  Viclniij  of  DuhUu* 


[Sup* 


"  a  Play'bMtfiy  plrafe  vour  hcncpf" 
incaning  a  theatre  ;  it  wcuTd,  pcrhips,  b« 
unfair  to  cill  all  th»  either  marincis  oi 
fully »  but  fomethiDg  like  cne  ot  th« 
other,  or  both,  it  certainly  ipoft  ftrpngly 
rcfeitiblcs. 

The  city  of  Dublin  has  been  I  ihly 
improved  within  ih*  laft  two  years,  by  the 
completion  of  a  very  great  undertaJ*.ing, 
namely,  docks  of  great  msgohudr.  now 
fmi(bed  by  the  C()inp.my  ot  ucdc  .jker» 
of  the  grand  canal.  The  /«•*,  or  .athtr 
one  great  floating- dock  (there  btin.  na 
lock  dividing  rhem),  the  only  divniun 
being  a  drawbfidne  of  a  pcc«t],.irly  li^hr, 
yet  durable  canitiu^ion,  l^  L^pablc  of 
comainii'JT  800  fail  of  mcrchant-lhips  and 
give  fi*th. icnt  fpac*.  for  each  10  c.iry  on 
their  trade  with  ample  rovm |  thtre  are 
bclidcs  attached  to  thib  dock,  three  grav- 
ing docks  for  building  or  rettdiTing  Ihip- 
ping  ;  the  dimenfions  of  the  Laigeli  i*  18& 
feet  long  by  fixiy  feet  widt  ;  and  tlicy  ap- 
ptr:<r  to  me  to  be  buih  upon  the  Tame  im- 
proved cor.firu^bon  as  ihr.i  ot  the  great 
deck  at  Portfmouth,  which  1  remember 
to  huVP  fecn  in  the  year  179 <,  a  li'tlc 
after  it  was  finilhcd.  The  \>hi!s  which 
inclcfe,  or,  in  other  words,  the  cmb^i  k- 
ments  of  ihrfc  docks,  are  built  in  the 
moft  perfect  and  durable  manner,  and 
reflect  infinite  honour  upon  the  fpirit  of 
the  Grand  Cana!  Company  of  Dublin. 
This  mland  navigation  is  now  u>  fir  com- 
pleted, as  to  form  a  perfect  water  car- 
riage from  St.  George**  Channel,  or  the 
Irim  Sea,  at  the  eatiern  hoe  of  Dublin, 
into  the  river  Shannon,  wh'ch  empties 
Stfelf  into  the  Atlantic  Ocean,  at  the 
weftem  fide  of  Ireland,  and  thus  com- 
pletely interfcAs  the  whole  kingdom 
through  its  centre. 

Thefe  ^-ck^  were,  upon  the  13d  of 
Apri!,  1796  (b^iog  St.  GiLT^jc's  day), 
opened  with  much  pomp  and  ceirmony,  in 
the  prtfence  of  his  excellency  Earl  C^m- 
den,  the  prefent  Lord  Lieutenant  of  ire- 
land,  the  Qountcfs  Camden,  and  a  vaft 
concourfe  uf  uobiliiy.  and  others ;  his 
Majbftv*s  yacht,  the  Doifet,  commanded 
by  lir  Alexander  Scombergh,  firft  tntercd, 
with  all  her  colon ra -flying,  dif^^iaying  the 
ro)ai  ftandard,  and  firing  a  royal  Iklute  of 
twenty >one  guns  j  all  the  revenue  cutter* 
then  in  Dublin  doing  the  fame,  as  they 
followed  in  fucceflion  according  to  rank. 
The  Earl  and  Coiwtefs  of  Camden,  with 
their  fuite,  then  went  round  the  £rear 
iloating  dock,  as  well  as  into  each  of  the 
locks  (which  were  then,  in  form,  named 
iftcr  hcxd  and  Lidy  CamdcD}|  I7  whicb 


it  is  joined  to  the  fea,  and  alfo  into  each  of 
the  graving;  docks,  in  a  very  elegant 
barge  ;  aftci  which  hii  excellency  con- 
.ferrcd  the  h'  nour  o'  knighthood  upon  the 
chairman  of  the  Grand  Canal  Company, 
Mr.  Macartney  (now  Sii  John),  an  exni- 
nent  attorney  of  Dublin. 

1  Vt  '  Pofti  ffifimbW  of  the  city  of 
Dublin  had  been;  for  the  lai^  ten  years, 
m  a  daily  riabit  of  inipru^  rment,  but 
fccms  to  haw  icrcived  a  check  w!thin  the 
laft  two  yea;*,  lr«)m  the  awcful  han«l  of 
tcirific  (olemniry,  vvh  th  feems  to  be  c.e- 
\dtd  and  f'^f  cnOed  for  the  purpoie  '^r 
flrikin^  li  n  c  decided  blow,  mote  wonder, 
fttl,  if  pofTih  .-,  than  is  daily  occurring  m 
the  EuFopean  Wirld. 

The  general  a^  pearance  of  the  city  of 
Dublin  (which  is  about  two  miles  and  a 
hdit  long,  and  cne  and  a  half  broad)  isex- 
trem'y  beautiful,  from  the  number  of 
public  buildings,  &c. ;  rhe /mn//^  ftrcets 
are  well  paved  aiu*  lighted,  and  the  flag- 
ged way  at  cither  fide,  with  fom*  '.xcep- 
tions,  hi  cad  and  toierdblv  cleats,  vihicb 
it  a  difficult  matter  to  preiei^e,  from  the 
a'tnoft  coniirA'al  \\ctncfs  of  the  climate} 
but  the  fytfertw  fti*.cts  are  eq\r«r»y  filthy 
and  diabolical.  The  places  of  that  city 
which  form  fquare?,  are  St.  Sic^beo's 
Gretn,  in  the  centra  of  >;^hic)i  1$  an 
equcftiian  flatuc  of  George  the  Second, 
finely  executed  in  copper,  anc^  eievstcd 
upon  a  large  pedtftal ;  rhe  gioi.cd  in  this 
fquarc,  bcii  g  one  mile  in  cirt«»mferfocf, 
i\octMpicd  bv  caule  grazing  tn  the  vnter 
f(.afon,  and  laid  down  as  meadow  in  the 
fummer,  the  proc'uce  of  which  brloatis  to 
the  lord  mnyor  of  Dutlin,  for  rhe  titte 
being.  This  Iquart  might  be  made  much 
n^orc  bcaiiil'"iil,  by  being  ioilofed  with 
inn  railtng,  vhich  is  n«w  only  by  aa 
ugiv  and  uneven  parapet  wall. 

I^errion-fcjiiare,  delightfully  fitu«e<J, 
tnofi  of  rhv  houfck  having  a  vkw  r»f  Dubim 
iiay  and  \Vic  k low  Moontains  ;  the  centre 
is  incloled  by  an  icon  ratiiailr-,  creAed 
up'in  a  handlomc  cut«ftone  p.irth  aod 
bafc,  and  a  scat  ihrubbery  running  found 
the  whole,  immcd lately  wittiinftdc  the 
railing  ;  the  hoafes  arc  all  of  a  Tery  large 
fizc,  much  uniformity  has  been  prrfervcd 
in  building  tbcm  \  'and  the  appcaAnce 
altogether  is  highly  improved  by  the  rear 
of  Leinfter-houie,  and  iawn^  forming  the 
weft  fide  of  this  fquarc 

Kotland-fquare  already  defcribed,  fna 
its  lofty  trees  and  handfome  walks, fitvated 
upon  the  dedivirv  of  a  hill,  adds  much 
to  the  beauty  of  Dnblin  \  and  MoaAtjof • 
f|uarC|  not  yet  (niibed,  but  began  upon  t 

picfil 


VfllV.] 


7our  in  the  Vic'snlty  of  Dublin* 


547 


fnece  of  ground  fo  eminently  and  beauti- 
fully fiiuaied,  as  to  coinnianid.  various  de- 
lightful profpc^h* 

HoipUaiity  reigns  throughout  the  city 
Mrieh  as  mucji  profufion  as  in  the  reft  of 
xht  kingdom  ;  the  people  of  fa (h ion  caa 
DO  where  be  found  more  rcHncd  and 
rplendid;  the  middle  ord«r  too  touch 
(I  fear)  imitate  their  fjpcrioss,  as  to  lux- 
.ury  of  the  table,  cirds'  baiis,  and  routs  ; 
the  wives  and  children  of  p^rfons  in 
bu^nefs,  .(hop  keepers,  &c.  alTime  and 
Affe^  all  the  airs  of  the  heau  mo>ide\  and, 
when  a  man  in  buiinrfs  has  accumulated 
<&  very  few  tboufami  pounds,  he  is  induced 
by  the  influence  of  this  baneful  exarap4c, 
und  the  additional  entreaties  of  hi*i  wife 
and  children,  to  fet  up  his  carriage,  take 
a.  raore  expentWe  houfe  in  town,  a  country 
lodge  aod  denefQei  «nd  become  a  private 
gentleman  retired  from  budnefs,  juft  at  a 
time  when  wifdom  would  fay,  begin,  and 
with  yoar  pre  fen  t  (lock  arrive  at  wealth. 

The  working  people,  and  all  the  lower 
order,  are  ruined  by  an  unceafmg  habit  of 
devouring  a  liquid  poifon,  chilled  wbifltey  ; 
rhis  fpirk,  which  is  di(!ilkd  from  grain,  is 
of  fuch  ftreagth,  that  nine  pennyworth  is 
iuftcient  to  produce  intoxication,  fo  pre- 
5ralent,  that  to  find  a  fober  workman,  or 
labourer,  upon  a  Sunday,  or  Monday,  is  a 
rarity,  nay  almuft  a  cunoficy ;  and  thus  is 
this  ufeful  clafs  of  fociety  likely  to  conti- 
jiue  io  this  truly  wretched  and  deplorable 
iUte,  until  the  humanity  of  the  iriih  le- 
giilature  (hall  condefcend  to  abandon  a  pare 
of^the  revenue  anling  from  the  diftilierits, 
for  the  prcfcrvation  of  the  peoples  morals, 
and  fubftitute  a  more  wholeiome  beverage. 

England  was  almoft  as  bad  in  this  re- 
fp«^,  previous  to  the  palfing  of  wii^t  is 
called  the  Gin  A£t. 

The  only  public  entertainment  in  Dub- 
Hn  is  a  badly-attended  theatre,  open  about 
eight  months  in  the  y«ar  \  and  Adley's 
trcx>p  of  equeftrians  for  three  months  in 
the  winter  (eafon. 

Vice  hat  not  arrived  at  that  pitch  of 
audacity  in  Dublin,  as  in  London  ;  a 
woman  of  eafy  virtue  would  not  be  fuffer- 
'  edto  mix  with  th^  company  in  the  lower 
boxes  of  the  theatre,  they  muft  go  aloft ; 
nor  is  the  Cyprian  tribe  there  either  pro- 
portionably  numerous,  or  alluring^  the 
Iridi  women  are  charade ri ft icaily  virtu- 
out ;  and  ihould  a  woman  in  that  country 
deviate  from  that  patti,  (he  is  fure  to  have 
the  unremitting  aHlftance  of  many  ^ood- 
'  manerwd  friends  to  obtain  full  creSu 

Genius  in  Ireland  lay«  donnant  \  there 
is  no  encouragement  for  the  line  arts  and 
icicocei  \  aad  wbesevcr  fucii  dawn  ther Pj, 


they  rauft  emigrate  for  exi'^encc.  A  fo* 
reiener  is  always  preferred  by  the  IriQi 
nobility. 

The  Phcsnix  Park,  h^bnglryg  to  the 
crown  (and  which  takes  itR  name  frqm  a 
l<*fry  pillar  in  whic  marble,  of  £he  Corid- 
thian  order,  <with  a  phoenix  on  the  top), 
is  fitxaced  at  the  weftern  extremity  of 
Dublin,  extending  weftwsrd  upwards  of 
three  miles,  and  about  two  from  north  to 
fuuth  ;  in  th  $  park  is  the  ph«nix  Jodge, 
which  w:is  parchafcd  by  government 
abou:  the  year  i?^**  for  the  furaracr  refi- 
dencs  of  the  lord  iieurenaats ;  ic  is  nothing 
mo 'e  than  a  neat,  plain,  brick  buildios;, 
but  the  ro)ms  are  onventcnrly  difi^oted, 
one  o^  which  is  a  very  Ipacious  faloon  ; 
the  offices  projecting  on  either  lidc  are 
joined  to  the  boul'e  on  the  north  fr^nt  by 
I'emicircular  fweeps,  and  the  (buth  front 
comnfiands  a  fine  view  of  the  adjacent 
country,  ai^  1  the  Wicklow  Mountains. 
There  is  annexed  to  this  lodge  about  loo 
acres  of  rhis  park,  inclofcJ  and  laid  out 
in  a  demefne,  varde  is,  &c  ;  adj-^tcnt  to 
this  there  are  alfj  two  other  houfes,  pur^ 
chafed  by  government  at  the  fame  time, 
ooc  for  the  fuAuner  refidence  of  the  lord 
iicntenani's  ehief  fccretary,  the  other  fcr 
the  fccreiaff  of  tlte  civil  department;  to 
both  of  thefc  is  alfo  annexed  an  inclofed 
part  (tf  this  park  laid  out  with  great  taflc  ; 
and  as  all  expence&  in  thefe  places  arc  de- 
frayed by  the  public,  it  is  not  to  be  won- 
dered that  the  improvements  are  un- 
ccrtfi  ng. 

In  this  park  is  the  Salute  Bntery,  on 
which  is  ere^i^'d  twenty-two  pieces  of 
cannon,  whjch  are  fired  upon  all  occalions 
of  public  rejoicii)^  ;  and  a  little  mure  to 
the  weft  ward  is  the  magazine  for  contain- 
•  ing  ammunition;  8cr.  for  his  majtfty's 
forces,  a  ftroug  fprtiitcation,  a  I  \vays  occu- 
pied by  an  oBicer's  guard  of  the  Royal. 
fri(h  artillery,  and  latterly  confiderably 
augmented.  In  the  eallera  part  of  this 
park  there  has  been,  a  few  years  fince, 
ere^ed  a  fimple,  but  beautiful  bgilding, 
an  infirmary  for  the  foldicry,  which  is 
rooft  plrafrngly  fituated  upon  an  elevated 
piece  of  ground,  and  adds  much  to  the 
•*  t9Ht  fnfimhW  of  ihii  charming  fpot, 
from  which  ygu  have  a  view  of  the  city 
and  bay  of  Dublin.  This  ei^teufive  place 
being  open  to  the  public,  is  much  fre- 
quented by  equeilriaris,  as  well  a^  pedef- 
trtans;  and  here  aiu  performed  all  mili- 
tary reviews. 

in  the  fummer  of  1788,  a  camp  was 

formed  in  this  park,  by  dire£lion  of  the 

prefenc  Marquis    of  Buckingham,   who 

was  then  lord  iicatenaot  of  Ireland,  aa  \% 

4  A  a  iikipwifey 


548 


Tour  in  the  Vlcimty  of  Dublin. 


[Sup. 


likewife,  at  thU  time  (Septemberr  i797)» 
another  camp  formed  by  dircdUon,  and 
under  the  immediate  infpe^^ion  of-£acl 
Camden,  the  prcfent  chief  goreroor  of 
Ireland.  The  principal  part  of  the  woods 
in  this  place;  which  are  now  very  confi- 
derable,  were  plat^ted  by  dirc£tidn  of  the 
Earl  of  Chefterficid,  when  lord  lieutenant 
of  Ireland,  about  the  year  1745  >  i^  *' 
wtll  (locked  with  deer,  and  the  whole  is 
inciofcd  by  a  done  wall. 

From  the  wcftern  gate  of  this  park, 
the  approach  to  which  commands  a  view 
of  a  moil  beautiful  valley,  taking  in  the 
villages  of  Chapel- i£od  and  Palmerdown, 
through  which  the  river  Liffey  grandly 
glides,  forming  different  caTcadcs,  and 
the  whole  terminated  by  the  finelv-fttuated 
houfe  of  Lord  Donoughmore.  Yoa  enter 
upon  the  top  of  Knockmaroon  Hill,  a  vil- 
lage aboi>:  three  miles  dill  ant  from  Dub- 
lin, commanding  a  mod  delightful  pro- 
ipe£l ;  and,  defcending  more  to  the  weft- 
ward,  you  enter  one  of  the  moft  beauti- 
fully-fituated  roads  perhaps  in  the  world, 
called  the  htu  rocKiio  Luc^n,  being  about 
four  miles  in  lengthy  it  is  through  a 
winding  valley  on  the  right  hand,  of  which 
is,  for  the  moft  part,  a  very  high  hill, 
richly  cultivaud,  and  from  its  louthern 
afpcft  is  extcniively  planted  with  ftraw- 
berries,  which  fruit  it  produces  in  great 
abundance,  and  in  cqnAant  fuccelHon, 
from  May  until  September,  both  months 
inclufive. 

The  road  is  ihadowed  by  plantations  of 
oak,  elm,  and  afli  trees  ;  and  all  along  the, 
left  hand,    fiom    Knockmaroon,    is   the 

-  river  Liffcy  filently  flowing  its  courfe,  the 
grandeur  of  which  \%  fomctimes  inter- 
rupted by  mill- weirs  croiiing  the  river, 

'  but  which  amply  compenfate  the  feaft  of- 
the  eye,  by  the  cafcades  wnich  they  form  ; 
and  hence  it  is,  that  the  navigation  of  .the 
river  Liffcy  is,  in  this  part,  impeded. 
Farther  to  the  left  hand,  and  to  the  end 
of  thi?  road,  beyond  the  river,  the  ground 
rifes  in  a  gradual  afcent  \  in  fome  parts 
next  the  water  art  mills,  in  others  bleach- 
grtent  for  linens,  but,  foj*  the  moft  pan, 
the  fide  of  the  hill  prefents  the  highly 
decorated  improvements  of  Lord  Leiti  im, 
Lord  Carhampton,  and  Lord  Pery«  which 
tei-minating  by  a  bridge,  you  arrive  at  the 
village  of  Lucan,  fituatcd  between  Hx  and 
feven  miles  weft  from  Dublin.  Here  is 
the  celebrated  Lucan  Spa,  much  rpforied 
to,  and  deemed  extremely  efficacious  in 
fcorbutic  and  nervous  com  plaints  \  the 
fpa  has  lately  been  decorated,  and  is  now 
flieltered  by  a  building,  forming  a  ninegon 
neatly  executed  •,  and  upon  the  top  of  the  . 


pump  is  placed  a  handfome  urn.    There 
is  a  rural    thitched  feat  for  the   water 
drinkers,  ere6led-in   a  fpacc  which  has 
been  allowed  to  be  taken  off  the  demefne 
of  the  late  Rt.  Hon.  AgwondilhamVercy, 
now  inhabit^  by  Major  Vcfcy,  and  is  a 
beautiful  villa  on  the  banks  of  the  river 
Liffey ;  the  houfe,  which,  in  general,  i: 
called  Lucan  Houfe,  was  finiibcd  in  the 
year  1780,  it  has  an  elegant,  but  fimpic, 
Jonic  front,  four  columns  of  that  ordti 
fupporting  the  cntabltture  and  pediTr.cni ; 
the   hall  is  adorned  with  pillars,  and  k 
frieze  of  the  fame  order,  enriched  wirh 
medallions  from  the  defigns  of  Angeiica 
Kauffhian.       The     late     Agmondilhani 
yc(ty^  who  >vas  well  known  among  the 
profcfTors  of  the  fine  arts  in  his  time,  as  1 
patron  and   a    man  of    fcience,    having 
always- been    extremely  panial    to    the 
works  of  Mi^.  Angelica,  that  cbarmiog 
anift,.  has,  in  teftimony  for  that  conpii- 
ment,  dedicated   fome  of  her  fioeft  pro- 
du£Uons  to  him,  as  a  mark  of  her  refped 
and   efteem.     The  apartmentt  are  in  a 
fuitable  ftyle  of  fimple  elegance,  the  gar- 
dens are  laid  out  with    great  tafte,  the 
ficuation  is  lo\v,~  fhady,  and  fequefitred, 
but  extremely  pleafant,  being,    in  fome 
degree,  a  continuation  of  that  delightful 
valley  I  have  before  defcribcd ;  the  river 
Liffey  runs  on  one  fide  of  the  grounds 
for  near  two  miles,  the  high-road  confines 
them  on  the  other,  and  though  this  makes 
them  narrow,  they  do  not  want  fufBcieat 
variety. 

On  the  oppofite  bank  of  the  river  is 
Sr.  Catherines,  the  feat  of  Darid  La 
Pouche,  jun.  efq.  formerly  occupied  by 
the  Earl  of  Lanefborou^h,  a  beautifoi 
villa ;  it  had  been  fuSered,  for  many 
years,  to  fall  into  decay,  but,  in  the  year 
i79»»  was  purchafed  by  Mv,  La  Touchc, 
jun.  the  prefent  proprietor,  who  repaired 
and  beautified  the  houfe  and  grounds; 
the  houfe  is  plain,  but  roomy  and  coove- 
nient,  and  contains  a  great  variety  of  fiae 
paintings  and  original  drawings,  brought 
hy  that  young  gentleman  from  Italy,  aad 
other  parts  of  the  continent,  a  few  yean 
lince,  when  upon  his  travels;  alfo  fome 
fculpture,  ^among  which  is  an  ibcompar- 
able  parian  marble  ftatue  of  a  Cupid,  four 
feet  fix  inclies  high  ;  this  chef  d*oseure 
of  fculpture  is  placed  upon  a  rouod 
pedeftal,  brought  from  Florence,  of  moft 
curious  workmanfhip.  The  grounds  are 
fituatcd  upon  the  fide  of  a  hill,  having  a 
fouthcrn  afpe^l,  and  exhibiting  as  much 
variety  as  tlie  extent  will  permit ;  thefc, 
and  the  oppoTite  grounds  of  Mr,  Vefev, 
being  connected  and  divided  by  a  ninl 

WOOflcB 


VoL  v.] 


Tear  in  the  Vtcinlty  ef  Dublin* 


549 


wooden- bridge  an^  the  river  Lifiey,  ^orm 
a  cnoft  iielightful  valley. 

Ti>c  town  of  Lucan  is  fmall,  very  neat, 
and  clean,  and,  in  the  fummer,  much  in* 
habited  by  perfons  refoning  therefor  the 
benefit  of  the  fpa,  and  for  whofe  accom- 
modation there  has  been  an  exceiicnt' 
hole!  ere£ted  within  thcfe  three  years,  in 
addition  to  the  mdhy  lodging- houfcs  aU 
re<i  iy  in  rhe  rown. 

About  a  mile  wcftward  of  Lvican  is 
another  neat  and  bjnuiful  v.i'ld^e,  culled 
I^Ljxlip,  principally-  nivib  ted  us  an  hum- 
ble fee  of  people,  who.  m  ad'ljLi^n  to  their 
iiiduftry.ia  husbandry,  let  !o  l^in^s  in  the 
fummer  leafon,  to  fuch  perfons  as  refort 
there  i'iv  tac  benefit  of  the^Lucan  Spa, 
and  thus  uOtain  a  decent  livelihood  ;  there 
i>,  m  thlMtown,  a  good  ion  or  tavern,  for 
travellers,  and  a  poft-ofHce. 

The  caftle  of  Leixlip  is  an  old  plain 
brick  building,  partly  gothic,  formerly  the 
feat  of  General  Sand  ford,  now  moftly  oc- 
cupied as  a  barrack.  The  grounds  being 
tliveriiBed  by  feveral  hills  are  extremely 
beautiful>  and  the  entrance  to  them  from 
the  town  of  Leixlip  exceedingly  fo  \  in  a 
part  of  this  demefne  is  a  moH  beautiful 
and  remarkable  fpot,  called  the  Salmon 
Leap^  to  which  you  approach  from  the 
caftle,  by  a  walk  at  the  iide  of  the  river, 
richly  Ihadowed  by  old  oak,  beech,  and 
a(h  tree«.  This  falmon  leap  is  a  water- 
fall, or  rather  catara£t,  occafioned  by  a 
rock  which  in  that  place  runs  acrofs  the 
channel  of  the  river  LifFey,  about  eighteen 
feet  high ;  the  top  of  this  ridge  of  rocks 
is  paifable  when  the  water  is  low,  and 
with  the  afliftance  of  a  ruined  arch,  a 
communication /is  formed  with  the  oppo- 
fite  fide  of  the  river,  the  feat  of  Charles 
Crokcr,  Efq;  the  breadth  of  the  whole  is 
about  one  hundred  and  eighty  feet.  In 
floods  which  fall  from  the  mountains, 
this  cataraft's  height  is  fometimes  cn- 
crcafcd  to  thirty  feet.  The  falmon  ge- 
D£rally  begin  to  run  in  March  or  April, 
and  to  return  in  Auguft  and  September, 
when  many  perfons  frequent  this  place 
to  fee  them  leap.  Soon  as  they^  arrive  at 
the  bo'tom  of  the  fall,  they  rife  juft  above 
the  water  for  near  half  a  minute,  as  if  to 
obferve  the  height  and  diftani^,  then 
finking,  they  pr^icntiy  dart  firaight  up 
from  the  fur^ce,  ihski'^g  their  fins  and 
tails  with  a  quick  moiion,  ar.d  often  clear 
the  leap  at  the  firft  fpnng  ^  but  frequent- 
ly the  forco  of  the  fiillin|  wacer  throws 
them  back  upon  the  (helving  rocks,  from 
whence  they  l6ap  back  again,  and  wait 
>  ibme  time  before  they  make  a  fecond  at- 
tempt.   The  writer  uf  thefe  Ihtets,  upon 


the  twenty-fifth  day  of  Ao^ft,  1797, 
faw  upwards  of  cinc  hufidrcv-^  falm'^n  leap 
this  fnl!  in  rlic  fpace  of  two  hours.  Thcfe 
fiJi  are  raken  in  e»eat  dlundaiiyc  ne^ 
Dublin,  by  Sit  Wiiiiam  Woriliington, 
^  proprietor  of  a  Ulmoo-fifhery  thtrc,  from 
whence  the  c'ri^eus  jf  Dvit)»in  cjtc  moitif 
at  all  li't)*:^  i'i.-pplicd  with  live  JhIiuoh.  of 
ri'.ar!v  wltarcvirc  ti/e  they  fend  fo",  a:  fix- 
pfoce  per  pound,  rhc  more  erpevia^ly  if 
liicli  'i  L^l'|.'jt;c  ia  the  pi-ccediug  tveniag 
ot'ihe  d.iv  th.v  arc  u-^uted. 

Upon  that  hdt  ot  the  river  Lififcy,  op- 
pofice  to  ttu>  catarav'^f,  is  the  fi^it  of 
Charles  Crokcr,  Efq.  highly  decorated, 
and  laid  out  to  the  betl  adv^tttage.  Upoa 
the  fiJe  of  a  richly  planted  hill,  almoft 
immediately  oppofite  the  fall,  is  cre^ed  a* 
very  handfome  gothic  temple,  which  com** 
mands  a  full  vicwof  the/almon  leap,an4 
adds  much  to  the  beauty  of  this  charming 
fcene;  here  is  alfo  a  rural  cottage,  to 
which  many  companies  refort,  and  bring; 
re frefh meats.  Fifhing  nets  are- placed  ia 
this  cottage,  fo  ai  to  form  window-ctir- 
tains  in  feftoons ;  the  utmoft  liberality  is 
granted  to  ladias  and  gentlemea,  to  ride 
or  drive  through  thefe  grounds. 

At  the  diftance  of  about  half  a  mils 
from  this  place  is  the  celebrated  roanfioB 
of  the  Right  Hon.  Thomas  ConoUy,  at 
Caftletovvn,  nine  miles  weft  from  Dub- 
lin. PermiHTion  is  given  to  all  decent  per- 
fons to  drive  through  this  demefne,  whtcli 
extends  above  three  miles  in  diflferent  dt- 
re£lions,  the  one  ia  towards  the  town  of 
Maynooth,  the  other  towards  the  town  of 
Celbridge;  but  the  only  time  at  which 
the  public  is  permitted  to  view  the  houfe 
is  upon  Sundays,  between  the  hoars  of 
eleven  and  three  o'clock  ;  but-  permii&oa 
is  given  at  any  time  to  ladies  or  gentle- 
men who  make  application  for  that  pur« 
pofe.  The  houfe  is  a  moll  fpitndid  man- 
fion,  large  and  fpacious,  the  ftair-cafe  ex- 
ceedingly magnificent,  the  great  falooa 
very  fuperb,  and  containing  many  fine 
paintings,  with  fome  excellent  Sculpture  ; 
at  each  fide  of  the  houfe  the  out-ofiicet 
are  connected  by  a  femicircuiar  coio- 
nade ;  the  afccnt  to  the  hall  door  is  bf 
grand  ftone  Heps,  about  twenty  in  num- 
ber, fir:y  feet  wide,  and  a  balullrade  at 
each  fide,  proje6ling  boldly  from  the  houfe 
into  the  lawn  \  upon  each  fide  of  the  hall 
door,  when  you  afcend  thefe  (leps,.ts  a 
|rcen  garden  chair,  each  capable  of  af- 
fording reft  to  fix  perfons.  The  architeA 
to  this  building  was  Caflelts,  who  fome 
jrears  fince  erected  many  of  thebeft  build- 
ings in  Dublin,  and  its  vicinity.  VViihin 
thefe  few  years,  Lady  Louifa  Conoily, 

wife 


Tcur  in  Oi  VUmUj  rfDiAUtu 


SSO 

wife  to  the  prefeat  profrrtetor,  mcfiifter 
to  the  prcfent  Duke  of  Richmond,  hat 
treated  a  moft  fpacioos  piggcrv.  adjoioing 
ID  the  houfe,  plafened  wirh  the  greaveft 
neataefi  and  coftveniciice  for  the  breed  of 
that  ipcciet  of  animal »  coDtatnin^  feveral 
bundrfdaof  beauitfally.inottled  and  firip- 
td  iWfocy  of  Tcry  corioos  colours. 

Mr.  Conolly,  the  prefcnt  proprie- 
tOTy  was  twemy-twd  years  a  member  of 
tlie  Brktfli  Paruament ;  and,  fome  years 
fince,  was  fo  attached  to  horfe-racing» 
nd  the  breed  of  that  nobte  animal,  zs  to 
he  Hui^mMedf  as  is  the  phrafe  in  Ireland, 
T(tm  Tmf,  Mr.  Conolly  has  always 
home  a  moft  amiable  charaflcr,  as  the 
friend  of  his  country,  and  of  the  poor  in 
cencral,  hot  mc»re  particularly  the  poor  in 
ms  neighbourhood  ;  yet,  ftrange  to  tell, 
H  plot  was  lately  difcorered,  of  an  intcn  • 
tion/  being  formed  to  aCfaffinate  this  good 
•man,  in  oonfe^^oence  of  which,  a  corpo- 
vals'  guard  have,  for  many  months  paft, 
and  to  this  hour  do  duty  every  night  in 
this  boufe,  for  his  proteAion. 

Near  this  manfion  is  the  town  of  Cel« 
-bridge,  which  I  have  before  mentioned, 
a  ncac  viUagCt  and  though  hitherto  very 
•niifualy  it  is  like  moft  places  now  in  Ire- 
hndy  rprnricled  wKh  the  military.  At 
the  eatremityof  thh  village  is  the  country 
feat  of  Dodlor  Marhy,  now  Bifliop  of 
Waterford  ;  and  as  it  is  with  the  greateft 
civility  pe#mitftd  to  be  fecn,  is  extremely 
well  worth  the  attention  of  perron9  vifit* 
ing  tha  evvirans  of  Dublin.  TheoutHde 
of  the  houfe  is  gothic,  executed  in  a  ftilc 
ofpeculisrirttaatireGi  the  rooms  are  fmall, 
vary  hahdfomely  ftfmilhed,aBd^e  Mkop 
hasy  in  his  coik^ion,  icf\*erai  very  excel- 
km  pi^res,  fome  of  w^iich  are  antique. 
The  grounds  are  planted  with  infinite 
▼ariety,  and  through  their  centre  runs  a 
•hold  body  of  the  river  Liffey,  over  which 
b  a  rural  bridge^  built  in  imitation  of  a 
>  min)  and  haa  a  Tery  piflurefque  efTe^l ; 
'the  whole  of  the  lawiis,  gravel  walkr, 
Jtc  art  kept  m  the  aeateft  manner. 

Fnmi  this  you  can  proceed  in  another 
4i«di0B,  through  Caflletown  demefnc, 
-and  about  one  mile  beyond  which,  you 
turn  off  the  gveat  road  into  a  part  of  the 
Duke  of  Leinfter's  extenfive  dcmefne,  in 
the    cou^    of  Kildare,   called   Car/on^ 

•  through  which  all  genteel  perfons  have 
liberty  to  fide  and  drive.      This  demefne 

•  is  upwards  of  fire  miles  in  length,  and 
nearly  the  fame  in  "breadth,  well  watered, 
snd  nchly  planted  ;  there  are,  in  different 
parts  of  it,  fome  faandfome  ftone  bridges, 
neatly  executed,  with  baluftrades  and 
^chci  QUktmeftts.    The  houfe  is  large. 


ls«^ 


roomy*  and  coftiwnieat,  wluch  appeait  to 
have  been  mere  attended  to  in  this  Mid* 
lag  than  ornament.  The  diflereat  no* 
blemen  and  geiit4eneB,  in  the  ncighboor* 
hood  of  Carton,  have  keys  to  open  all  the 
gates  in  the  private  parts  of  thefe  grooads ; 
and  at  ai>  fhofe  parts  wMere  &  pablic 
have  pcrmiAion  to  drive,  peribas  attend, 
in  por{ef*s  lodges,  at  every  gate,  fat  their 
accommodation. 

At  the  wellem  part  of  this  eUcsTiTe 
demefoe,  an  avenue  of  about  one  miie 
l<>ng  and  about  two  hundred  feet  wide, 
planted  on  either  fide  by  oak  and  elm 
trees,  condu^s  you  into  the  town  of 
Miynooth,  muftly  inhabited  by  the  Doke 
of  Lcinftcr's  tenantry.  Here  is  a  manu* 
h&ory  for  garters  ^  a  few  ^entiemea's 
country  (eats;  and,  now  ere^lmg,  upon  t 
piece  of  ground^  prefcnred  for  ftat  per* 
pofe  by  his  gr<\fe,  a  college,  for  the  eda* 
cation  of  the'  Roman  Catholic  yourhi  of 
Irelsnd,  agreeable  to  a  charter  lately  ob* 
tained  from  the.IriftiParliaaBeBt. 


Through  this  town  a  paffage-boat  daily 
p^ffes  from  K-ikock  to  Diibniiv  upoa  ifae 
Royai  Cattalf  which  carriea  yon  tbrou^  a 
very  delightful  country,  nd*  forms,  to- 
gether with  tfaofe  places  I  ha^  joftde- 
fcnbed,  a  moft  beautiful  ctrcvitotts  tour  of 
the  weftcm  part  of  the  coDAtry  round 
Dublin. 

Before  I  quit  thhJUjtai  Cantt^  I  rsuft 
acquaint  my  readers  ofa  curious  and  lu- 
dicrous circumftance  which  this  Cmal 
occafioned  in  the  year  i794- — ^The  com- 
pany of  undertakers  of  this  work,  ia 
rorrning  an  aqueduct  near  Leixlip,  which 
is  indeed  a  very  mafterly  produdioo,  dif- 
covered  a  minenl  fpa,  for  fome  monrhs 
much  followed  and  ufed  by  many,  who 
conceived  they  felt  more  benefit  from  it, 
in  fcrophulous  and  fVtch-like  diforders, 
than  they  had  from  the  loog-efiabliihed 
Lucan  fpa  ;  many  of  the  facofty  gave  it 
a  very  excellent  report,  and  it  was  rifiog 
daily  into  high  repute|  A  very  emiaenc 
phyfician  (1^)6(or  Purcell),  now  living  in 
Dublin,  and  pra^iiing  in  the  AraMnttof 
his  profelfion,  had  ordered  a  jar  of  tbit 
water  to  be  Cent  to  him,  that  he  might 
«nalite  it ;  accordingly  a  jar  of  this  ff» 
was  given  to  a  man,  to  take  to  the  dofiof, 
but  the  fellow,  on  his  way  to  Dubiis, 
drank  too  muCh  whiikey,  and  broke  the 
jar  before  he  arrived  at  the  dolor's  $  and 
fearful  of  much  blame,  he,  and  a  few^ 
his  companions,  procured  another,  and 
filled  it  with  fttrej^rimg  naaUr^  &yit)g» 
*<  By  Jafus,  ir*s  all  fudge ,  man,  it*s  all  con- 
ceit of  thefe  grandees,  one  water  is  as 
good  as  another.'*    Thia  baD|f  sfned 

upoa, 


Vbl.V. 


Tour  in  the  Vtclnitj  $/  DutUn. 


^apon,  the  pure  fpring  water  was  left  at 
^lie  do^^or's,  and  tie  having  attempted  to 
analize  ir,  declared  thar,  in  his  opinion, 
ic  poStiiKd  nothing  more  than  a  fim^ir fpring, 
'Xhis  report  fpread  abroad*  the  faculty 
^were  uproarious,  an  examination  enfued, 
and    PatUy,   who  feared  he   iiould    be 
lianged,  confeffed  rhe  whole  affair  ^  thus 
this  new  fpa,  where  a  pump  was  created, 
and  which  was  daily  rcforted  to  by  hun- 
dreds, for  fome  motiths,  is  only  to   iie 
li«ard  of  now  in  roBfcquefKe  of  thw  fine 

J>unip  prefcnting  itlcif  to  view,  like  a  lo* 
irary  gibbet. 

Having  given  an  account  of  the  en- 
virons of  the  weftern  parr  of  Dublin,  for  a 
dtftance  of  ten  or  eleven,  miles,  I  (hall 
now  proceed  to  delcribe  thofe  of  the 
jiorth-eaft. 

The  ftrft  and  principal  place  in  that 
dtre^ion,  is  the  feat  (  f  Lord  Charlemont, 
at  Marino,  about  two  miles  diftant  from 
Dublin,  the  once-beautiful  Marino,  which 
about  twenty  years  ai^o  was  in  its  meri- 
dian of  decoration,  the  pride  of  its  noble 
proprietor,  and  the  delight  of  every  fpec- 
tator,  at  once  pleafed  with  the  peculiar 
beauty  of  (ituation,  as  well  a^  ihe  uncom- 
mon taftc  difplayed  in  the  variety  of  the 
pUntutioas. 

Pait  of  th^  lawa,  or  rather  meadow 
ground,  begins  at  the  fide  of  the  road, 
riiing  iinmeuiatcly  from  the  fca-lhorc,  in 
a  ^adual  afcent,  fur  near  a  mile.  Near 
the  road  is  the  dwriiing-houfe,  which  is 
plain,  and  very  iaJifftrent,  merely  acoun* 
try-lodge,  built  ot:  brick,  tmd  plaiftered 
with  common  lime  and  fand  \  but  aoout 
half  a  miic  farther,  upon  a  riHng  ground, 
is  a  piece  of  •rrr.>tc^bre,  which  may 
juftly  be  deemed  a  ckrf  d^oitvre  in  that 
fcience ;  it  is  built  of  Port  land- Hone,  in 
the  Doric  order,  highly  decorated  as  that 
order  will  permit,  almoft  every  moulding 
is  richly  carved  ;  it  has  four  grand  fronts, 
all  differing  a  little  from  tJich  other,  yet 
prefcfying  a  chafte  connection.  Thtrc 
arc  infulatcd  columns  in  each  front,  in 
cpe  proportion  of  three  fvet  diameter  j  the 
attic  dory,  in  which  no  wiuiiows  are  to 
be  leen  frutu  the  lawn,  iS  enlivened,  pait- 
ly  by  wcU-difpofed  baluftradcs,  and  partly 
by  a  broad  projecting  ornaineoted  cor- 
nice, with  pediments  on  the  eaft  and  weft 
fronts,  and  by  oraamented  tablets,  in  the 
north  and  fouth  fronts. 

On  each  (ide  of  theie  tablets  is  placed 
a  ftatue,  as  large  as  life ;  in  the  north 
front  are  the  fiatues  of  Bacchus  and  Ceres, 
and  in  the  fouth  thofe  of  Apollo  and  Ve- 
nus ;  above  thefe,  and  over  the  tablets, 
iuA  the  two  principal  chiouues  of  the 


5<« 


building,  which  are  richly  fculptured- 
Viifes,  about  four  feetiiighj  leaving  an  ua- 
commonly  light  and  beaut^ul  appearance* 
The  area  round  the  building,  betweca 
thofe  places  where  you  alcend  by  ftepc,  ia 
alfo  enliirened  by  a  baluAradc,  elevated 
upon  a  plinth  aad  bafe,  about  twi.lre 
inches  from  the  l^twa. 

Theinfidtfof  this  cdl ike,  wUch.  o  on- 
the  principal  floor,  contains  a  vtftibule,  a 
falOwp,  a  ftudy,  and  a  boidore,  feen.s  to 
have  been  coinmeaeed  with  all  the  mag- 
nificence of  ea(^rn  fpleador:  ehc  Amji^ 
are  all  inlaid  woods  of  various  Golouia» 
formiog  geometrical  6gHres«  tbe>  f^OiNrs, 
which  are  all  folding,  are  cortpo'cd  if. 
cedar  on  the  one  fide  aad  mah)^any  on 
the  other,  both  empanflcUed.  ^id  the 
mouldings  round  the  panneis  richiv  ca^'tr* 
ed :  the  boidore  is  decorated  with  unite 
compartmtnts  of  looking -^lafs  plaad  m, 
the  wail,  round  whxh  i»  foaae  light  aad 
elegant  ftucco  work  of  various  ft  u^ts  aad 
Howers,  brarchin^  a  little  upon  the  fur* 
face  of  the  gUf^,  and  all,  as  1  n-as  infuriQ- 
ed,  were  inctnded  to  be  painted  fo  as  td 
reprefent  nature  :  there  is  in  this  ixmud  a 
mod  exquifttc  marble  chimney-piece,  of 
a  fmail  fi7e,  but  highly  fculptured  with 
corrrlponding  fru'.t<i,  flowers,  and  (hells. 

The  ceiling  of  the  library,  or  4ludy,  ia 
formed  by  a  iky -coloured  dome,  io  a 
frieze,  lound  the  bottom  of  which* is  re* 
prt^fen(ed  the  twelve  fii^ns  of  the  zudjac^ 
in  Jplait^cr-of-paris,  baffo-rdieifc. 

Five  mile^  beyond  Marino,  and  fix  from 
Dublin,  to  which  there  is  an  excellent 
road  with  foine  pIcaUmt  villas  at  eiiher 
fide,  is  the  aiKient  ci.fllc  of  ^f  alar.ide,  now 
and  long  inhabited  by  t\p  Talbot  family. 
This  cdltte  was  formerly  a  place  of  great 
Arength  and  foniSed,  it  is  litoated  lo  a 
very  pleafant  country,  rich  in  verdure^ 
and  has  a  fine  \itw  of  tiie,ie  i  andjthe  ad- 
jacent lands;  there  is  in  the  laftle  a 
\ery  antique  room  with  many  antici  t  or- 
namenrs,  as  alfo  a  very  large  U  ooa 
wainfcoited  aud  fljortd  with  u.d  Iiith 
oak. 

The  family  of  the  Tal'xjis  enjoy  n^iny 
grants  and  prerogatives,  tuch  as  imp  :••• 
ing  coals  and  other  merchandize  o  :y 
free  into  Malawi dc,  where  there  i^  a  Inn.! I 
harbour.  The  father  of  the  prefer.:  pio- 
prietor,  about  fifteen  ^ear^  liucc,  pi^^aded 
his  patent  in  exemption  of  ie  vin^  the 
office  of  hieh*(heriff  of  tt.c  c  a^:cy  of 
Dublin,  which  was  ailovvcii ,  .:•<:  |^refenc 
Mr.  Tdlbot  neverth.iui^  it  \i.Urtat  of- 
fice a  few  years  finwc. 

About  two  miles  beyond  MaWr  'Ic,  and 

eight  from  Dujlm,    \%  Uuc  c>^^"^  P^* 

'    waoTdotf 


55* 


Tfur  in  the  Vicinity  ef  Duhlin, 


[Sup. 


nbntory  the  Hill  of  Howth,  magnifr- 
ccntly  placed  in  ^  St.  George's  Channel ; 
this  is  the  6r ft  laod  which  appears  to  the 
manner  when  (leering  dired  from  Holy- 
head)  Parkgate,  or  Liver  pool,  for  the 
Bay  of  Dublin  :  upon  the  fummit  of 
this  hill  is  erected  a  very  excellent  light- 
boufe,  whofe  brightncfs  &fibrds  nnuchN 
fafety  lo  all  the  ihipping  ftcering  thicher 
by  night. 

'  This  hill  if  a  place  much  reported  to  in 
fummcr,  as  well  by  ft  rangers  as  by  the 
inhabitants  'of  Dublin,  being  a  plcafant 
diftaoce  for  an  excurfioi^  to  dine  (there 
being  there  an  excellent  ta\cro)  anA  to 
enjoy  the  falubrity  of  the  fea  air ;  it 
commands  a  bold  profpe^t  of  the  fea,  the 
Bay  of  Dublin,  and  the  diftant  Wick)ow 
mountains.  ^  Nay,  many  perfons  alTcrt, 
that  they  haVe  fcen  the  Welch  mountains 
with  the  naked  eye  from  the  lummit  of 
thia  hill  upon  a  citar  d;)y,  being  a  dif- 
ttnce  of  twenty-one  leagues. 

Upon  this  hill  is  the  country  refi^cnce 
of  the  Earl  of  H'>%vth,  a  poor  dwelling 
unwi  rrhy  of  notice  ;  the  inhabitants  heie, 
#.  ۥ  of  a  few  houfes  which  are  called  the 
ittwn  of  Howth,  are  moftly  B  flier  men 
and  wretched  peafantry.     There  is  no 


encouragement  given  to  till  the  ground, 
the  proprietor  is  an  abfeniee  lord,  and 
hence  this  bold  (which  in  many  places  is 
capable  of  being  fertile)  mountain  is  little 
better  than  a  barren  rock. 

Oh,  ill-fated  country,  and  unthrifty 
people  I  had  nature  beftowed  fuch  2  hcoo 
even  within  five  tiroes  that  diftaoce  of 
London,  it  would  long  fince  have  ranked 
as  one  of  the  beauties  of  thrworld. 

Returning  to  Dublin  from  this  rock  by 
a  diflferent  road,  you  travrt  near  five 
milts  upon  a  barren  fea-lhore,  and  thca 
arrive  at  a  pretty  vilUge  called  Raheny. 
Thence  one  mile  farther  to  wftat  is  called 
Clontarf  Sheds,  and  Clon tar f  Town,  ano- 
ther  very  hand  feme  village  about  two 
miles  from  Dublin  upon  the  Yea^ihore ; 
to  this  place  many  perfons  refurt  in  the 
fummcr  feafon  for  the  purpofe  and  hccth 
of  fca-bathing  y  there  are  a  number  of 
bathing-machines  creeled  here,  much  uroa 
the  fame  conftruftion  as  thofe  ufcd  at 
Weymouth,  but  greatly  inferior  in  p-oini 
of  work  man  (hip  or  beauty  :  and  thu&  re-  1 
turn  to  Dublin  from  a  north-eafiern  ex- 
cur  (ion,  in  which  diredtion  I  have  hete 
deicribed  every  place  worthy  of  notice. 

P.S. 


Remariabli  Perfons  deceafidy  tuith  Bi$grapbtcal  Merwirs,  contained  in 

this  r$lume* 


Anker 

476 

Gafutt 

»a6 

Maitin 

Backhoufe 

3«»3 

Goddard,  Mrs. 

475 

Mairiott 

Ber;n{too,  Dr. 

469 

Gregof 

80 

Mawby.SJrJ. 

BiT4 

>5* 

Haodly 

»3* 

Methold,  Mrs. 

Bhmdy 

395 

Hiett 

3'7 

Miles 

Bluit 

3x0 

Ifgar 

79 

Miller,  Sir  John 

Brigrtll 

'5* 

Jenkins 

Keliy 

307 

MoiTit 

Brown 

470 

388 

Byron,  Lord 

468 

Kirkland,  Dr, 

74 

MuiJer 

Darling 

130 

Udly 

7» 

Noble,  Mrs, 

Downs 

306 

teinfter,  Duchefs  of 

Ore 

Dntery 

^35 

46» 

Paget,  Mrs. 

Eriol,  Ear)  of 

463 

Leven    and    Melvi.l, 

Palmer 

Brir.ond,  Dr. 

♦79 

Countefs  of 

397 

Pelletiet 

Fitsi^erald,  Hon  £dw. 

Little 

3S8 

Pinnell- 

*77 

Litt'tcwott 

38S 

Pochin 

FlindATS 

39* 

Livie 

Poland,  King  of 

Cain&borough, 

Earl  of 

Lutwidge 

J  30 

Powell 

312,  46a 

Masqkire,  John 

70 

Prichard 

IS8 

Kawlinfon,  Mifi 

3'» 

>iP» 

Ridden,  Mrs. 

3=^9 

47* 

Robinfon 

7» 

^57 

Saiuiderfcn,SirJ 

aitei 

♦71 

463 

464 

Scheren 

70 

3H 

Sikes 

131 

479 

Steuart 

397 

148 

Stokes 

469 

70 

Strong 

230 

393 

Tibbott 

397 

'S3 

Tubb 

395 

149 

Turene     . 

«6 

148 

Whitlock 

7« 

»34 

^\bittell 

73 

39» 

Willock 

307 

200 

Willii 

466 

233 

Williams,  Dr. 

3S8 

Wilibn 

vz 

Tkc  View  of  the  INDIA-HOUSE  fhould  face  the  Title. 


♦  ^*  C&mmuntcaticm  to  tie  Monthly  Magazine,  addre£edto  Mr.  PhU- 
^     LIPS,  No*  71,  Sin  FauFs  Cburch-jardy  are  thankfully  received*