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MYSTERIES
A FULL EXPOSURE
ITS SECRET PRACTICES AND HIDDEN CRIMES.
BY AN APOSTLE'S WIFE.
FULLY ILLUSTRATED.
PUBLISHED BY
RICHARD K. FOX, PROPRIETOR POLICE GAZETTE,
FRANKLIN SOUAPt NEW YORK
54
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by
EICHAED K. FOX,
Publisher oc the POLICE GAZETTE,
NEW YORK,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
CONTENTS.
I.-THE "DESTROYING ANGELS" FOILED. ... 7
II.— THE ORIGIN OF MOBMONISM, 10
HI.— THE MORMON GOSPEL, - .... 13
IV.— MORMON POLYGAMY AND GOVERNMENT. - - -16
V.— MORMON MIRACLES, - . 20
VI.— JOE SMITH MOVES WEST, - . 25
VII.-BBIGHAM YOUNG STEPS IN, - , 28
Vm.— THE CRIMES OF MORMONISM, - .33
IX— THE DANITES, 36
X.— SECRETS OF THE ENDOWMENT HOUSE, - . .42
XI.— MORMON WIVES, ... . 52
XII.— MEN WITH MANY WIVES, . 59
Xni.— A MORMON WIFE'S STORY, - 3g
XIV.— THE DOOM OF MORMONISM, . . , „ , 3?
IN THE HOLY BATH.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
CHAPTER I.
Mormonism has well been called the twin relic of barbarism. It
is more. It is an infamy even modern barbarism scarcely tol-
erates. The Turk preserves a certain decency in the public man-
agement of his seraglio nowadays, and the Orientally atnlacious flaunt-
ing of his sensual indulgence which makes the old romances of the
East so unique in their naughty piquancy has vanished. He has his
scores of wives still but he keeps them in private, and when he goes
among men who are not of his faith he does not attempt to proselytize
them or to extend his branded creed.
How different it is with the devotee of that bestial belief who
covers, or essays to cover, the rottenness of his creed with the claim to
Divine endorsement, thanks to which he dubs himself a Latter Day
Saint !
No modest obscurity for him ! No humble enjoyment of his licen-
tious worships in the secrecy of his own house ! The world must know
it; and not only that, the world must contribute to its support and
expansion. The Mormon missionary goes abroad in the highways and
byways of the earth, preaching his creed of the bagnio to the ignorant
and depraved and gathering them into the fold.
If Mormonism had its root in the remote wilds of Siberia this
condition of affairs would be bad enough. What can be said of it,
then, when it nestles in the bosom of the greatest and freest nation of
tin* earth and blots the boasted civilization of a republic which has
done more in a century than any other governments in all their exist-
ences to enlighten and improve the world?
The polygamy of the Mormon community is the foulest ulcer on
the body of our nation. The trial of the assassin of President Gar-
7
EVEBY WIPE IS QIVEN SO MUCH OF THE HUSBAND'S MONEY.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 9
years she was a wanderer, pursued by phantom foes whose implaca-
bility was on a par with their persistency. Twice in France,
once in England and thrice in the United States, was she compelled to
call upon the strong arm of the law to shield her, and each time the
same mysterious threat of ultimate destruction was conveyed to her
from an enemy who might be baffled but not defeated.
At last accident came to her rescue.
Last year a passenger steamer on its way from Europe to America
was wrecked and many lives were lost. The passenger list was pub-
lished. Among the names upon it was the writer's and it belonged to
one of the drowned.
That name was entered in the "red book," the sinister record kept
of the foes whom Mormonism has denounced. Against it was set a
black cross and the remark, "The Lord hath conquered! Glory to his
name ! "
Thus, dead but alive, I give this work to the world. It was written
during years of wandering, and chapters of it first saw the light in
many foreign lands. But it is complete and honest. What it may lack
in style it makes up in fact. It is no fault of mine that the stories it
fclls read like romances and are a shame upon the land in which their
incidents were enacted.
I trust and desire that the reader will remember this.
I write from actual experience. I tell nothing I am not aware of
the truth of ; there is not one of t'h j romantic events, the shocking
crimes and the infamous observances I tell of which has not every
foundation of its occurrence for existence here.
I make these revelations in the interest of society and of the world.
I hope my pages will be a warning to some who are rashly about to
enter on the gloomy and debased path I have followed to my sorrow ;
I trust they will encourage by my example some who have entered into
th • shadow of shame to withdraw while there is yet time.
So much for myself ; now for my work.
10 THE MYSTERIES OF MO&MONISM.
CHAPTER II.
THE ORIGIN OF MOBMONISM.
Mormonism was a swindle from the very start. It is to-day a
monstrous crime grown from the successful fraud of a shrewd confi-
dence operator.
The founder of Mormonism was Joseph Smith. Born at Sharon,
Windsor County, Vermont, on Dec. 23, 1805, he came of the worst of a
bad breed. His parents were "hard cases," and renowned as such
throughout the neighborhood. When, in 1815, 'they removed to Pal-
myra, Wayne County, N. Y., there was an universal expression of satis-
faction on all sides.
The Smiths recommenced in New York their existence in Vermont.
They avoided honest labor and lived on credit, not without suspicion
of having more than a passing knowledge of their neighbors' fields and
henroosts. Nowadays they would have probably become tramps. Then
they were tolerated because people did not know how to get rid of
them.
There was only one business the bmiths indulged in with any show
of industry. When they were sober enough (for they were lusty
topers) they were perpetually digging for buried treasure. Next to
this pursuit they starred in the nefarious one of sheep stealing. In
1833 upwards of sixty leading citizens of Wayne County, who were
called upon to depose as to the character of the Smiths, testified un-
der oath that they were immoral, false and fraudulent, and that the
hopeful Joseph was the worse of the lot.
Yet this is the man who founded what he dared call a faith, and
grafted on the United States the religion of licentiousness and bodily
lust known as Mormonism.
What a clever, bright, intelligent man this must have been, though y
aays the reader. On the contrary ; he was an ignorant, brutal loafer.
He could scarcely read, wrote a hand scarcely anyone, even himself,
could understand, and was ignorant even of the elementary rules of
arithmetic. But he was shrewd, fearless and inventive. Living among
a country community where superstitions were commonly current, he
MOBBING A MOBMON MEETING.
THE MYSTERIES OF MOEMON1SM. II
had wit enough to comprehend the value of superstition as a means of
defrauding its votaries. He began active life by wandering about the
country with a divining rod, seeking water and buried treasure. Then,
finding that religious ideas of a novel sort were popular just then, he
turned his attention in that direction.
According to his own report he commenced to have visions at the
age of fifteen, when, on Sept. 21, 1823, the angel Moroni appeared to
him three times, instructing him that God had selected him for the
prophet of the new and real faith. According to this account the
angel sent Smith to a hill in Manchester, Ontario County, N. Y., to dig
up the record of the faith, written on plates of gold, and a sort of celes-
tial spectacles made of two transparent stones, without which it would
be impossible for him to peruse the auriferous chronicles.
No one ever saw either the golden plates or the spectacles. The
former were described as being eight inches long, seven inches wide,
about as thick as stout tin foil, and bound together by three rings.
The latter Smith gave the fantastic name of Urium and Thummeruin,
and said they were presented to him by the angel Moroni on Sept.
22, 1822.
With the aid of these spectacles Joseph Smith, sitting behind a
blanket to preserve the precious records from profane eyes, claimed to
read off the "Golden Bible," as lie called it, to one Oliver Cowdery, who
wrote it down as he heard it. The account thus dictated claimed to be
a history of the prehistoric inhabitants of America, and of the deal-
ings of God with them on the basis of a true faith.
Such is the origin of Mormonism, according to the Mormons.
Now for the facts :
About 1740, there was born in Ashford, Conn., one Solomon
Spaulding. He graduated at Dartmouth College and was ordained for
the ministry in 1761. He soon tired of preaching, and about four years
later became a store keeper at Cherry Valley, N. Y., whence, in 1809,
he removed to Conneaut, Ohio, the scene, by-the-bye, of a recent prize
fight of some notoriety. In 1812, Spaulding removed to Pittsburg, Pa.,
and in 1814 to Ainity, where he died in 1816.
This wandering backslider from the ministry was a visionary with
a marked turn for literature. He wrote novels of such a worthless
character that he could never get them published, so they perished in
manuscript, after having been read by his friends. While he was living
12 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
in Ohio he wrote a romance to account for the peopling of America
by deriving the Indians from the Jews. It was an absurd book, which
to-day would probably not find a single reader.
The writer of it gave it out as a manuscript found in an Indian
mound or cave in Ohio. He called it "Manuscript Found," and one of
its sections was called the "Book of Mormon." All these facts were
publicly known ten years before Joseph Smith turned up with his new
religion.
In order to understand how Smith got hoid of them I must intro-
duce a new character.
Sidney Bigdon was born in St. Glair Township, Allegheny County,
Pa., on Feb. 19, 1793. In 1812 Bigdon, who had learned the printing
trade, was connected with a printing office at Pittsburg. To this place
Solomon Spaulding brought his "Manuscript Found" to have it put
into book form. It was not printed then, but Bigdon, who found it
lying about the office, became possessed of an idea that he could use it
at some time, so he copied it. The original manuscript was returned
to the author, "declined with thanks," as many other manuscripts have
been before and since. The copy Sidney Bigdon kept for himself.
Soon after this Bigdon gave up type-setting and set out to preach
his way to fortune and fame. New religions were in fashion in those
days, and he had one which included many ideas from Solomon
Spaulding's manuscript and other original ones which are now found
in the Mormon creed.
In 1829 he fell in with Joseph Smith. Smith had already made a
start with his new religion, but he had no ideas to back it. He had
told the story of the golden plates, but endeavored to make no ex-
planation of what was inscribed on them. Bigdon saw the value of a
combination of ideas in this matter and lost no time in effecting it. He
formed a partnership with Smith and read to him the romance of
Solomon Spaulding.
It must be remembered that Spaulding did not pretend that his
"Book of Mormon" or the "Manuscript Found," of which it was a por-
tion, was anything but a dime novel. But Bigdon and Smith set it up
for holy writ, and compared it with the tablets of stone on which God's
commandments were written for the observance of Moses and his
people.
It was this intention of Spaulding's with variations, that Joseph
BIDDING FOB A WIFE.
HOW THEY DO IT AND THEN RUE IT.
THE MYSTEEIES OF MORMONISM. 13
Smith dictated to Oliver Cowdery from behind the blankets. It was
printed in 1830, in a book of some 300 pages, along with a statement by
three witnesses, Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, that they
had seen an angel bring the golden plates from Heaven. Harris was a
farmer who advanced the money to print the book. These worthies
afterwards had a falling out, and acknowledged that their statement
was a lie, and that all they knew of the plates was what Smith had
told them.
However, Smith and Kigdon were well fixed for work with their
bogus bible. As soon as they had it complete they began to preach
its tenets. It will interest the reader to be briefly informed what
these were.
CHAPTER III.
THE MORMON GOSPEL.
The "Book of Mormon" consists of sixteen books, professing to be
written by as many different prophets. In it over three hundred pas-
sages of the Christian Bible are found, stolen without credit Names
of Hebrew, Greek and Latin origin are used in it indiscriminately.
According to it, one Lehi dwelt in Jerusalem with his family in
the days of King Zedekiah, six hundred years B. c. The Lord sent
him into the wilderness of Arabia where he dwelt for a long time.
Then he got another divine command and set out on a journey for
eight years, which landed them on the sea shore. There they built a
ship and sailed for America. Thay landed on the coast of Chili. The
emigrants consisted of Lehi, his wife, his four sons, Laman, Lemuel,
Sam and Nephi, their four wives, two "sons of Ishmael" and their two
wives, and Zoram, a servant and his wife, eight grown men in all and
as many women. There were also two infant sons of Lehi, born in the
journey. Their names were Jacob and Joseph.
Lehi died soon after his arrival in America, and his sons had a
row and split up. Nephi and his younger brother Sam, with the ser-
vant, Zoram, and their families and Jacob and Joseph, moved into the
wilderness, with some followers. The rest God cursed till their skin
grew red and they became Indians. Such, according to Joseph Smith.
U THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
Sidney Rigdon and Solomon Spaulding was the commencement of the
history of America. Nephi started this history, and in hia time the
race increased and multiplied very fast. After his death his descen-
dants succeeded him in power, and waxed rich and strong.
Finally came one, Nephi the second, and during his rule an awful
earthquake announced the crucifixion. Three days after, Christ him-
self appeared out of heaven, showed the Nephites his wounds, taught
them, performed miracles and so on for forty days, leaving them pos-
sessed of the same Christianity as that of the Bible, from which
Spaulding, Kigdon and Smith had paraphrased their dime novel, Holy
Writ. All this while, however, the Nephites and their dusky brethren,
the Indians, were at war, and finally, in a great battle on the hill of
Cumorah, in Western New York, A. D., 384, the Christian Nephites wera
nearly annihilated.
The records of the race, which had been written on the plates 01
gold by a prophet named Moroni, were buried in this hill nearly forty
years later (A. D., 420) by Moroni, who had survived the battle in
order to become an angel and appear to Joeeph Smith in 1823, and tell
him where to dig in order to find and re-establish the buried faith.
Such, in brief, and in much more reasonable language, is the cheerful
fiction on which the Mormon faith is based : a sort of garbled Bible,
well mixed with the fantastic romance of the vagabond Yankee preacher
who, having started by writing dull and innocent novels which nobody
would read, ended by unintentionally establishing a religion of lust
which is an outrage on the civilized world.
As for the religion Joe Smith and his fellow sharpers built out of
this romance, it is as fantastic as the cause they offer for its existence
itself. They believe in a God, who was once a man, and grew too
pure and good for earth, so was made ruler of all mankind. This
God, they hold, was married in due form to the Virgin Mary by the
angel Gabriel. Christ was the offspring of the union. For the rest,
it would puzzle a conjuror to make clear head or tail of the Mormon
doctrines, except that Joe Smith was a god on earth, and that any man
by imitating his exemple in purity and holiness can become deity
himself.
But the easiest way to show the Mormon doctrines up to contempt
is to let them explain themselves. The following are the articles of
faith:
TEMPLE MUMMERlLv
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 15
1. "We believe in God, the Eternal Father, and his son, Jesus
Ohrist, and in the Holy Ghost.
2. "We believe that men will be punished for their own sins,
.and not for Adam's transgressions.
3. "We believe that through the Atonement of Christ all mankind
may be saved by obedience to the laws and ordinances of the Gospel-
4. "We believe these ordinances are, 1st, Faith in the Lord Jesus ;
2d, Repentence ; 3d, Baptism by immersion for the remission of sins ;
4th, Laying on of hands by the gift of the Holy Spirit ; 5th, the 'Lord's
Supper.'
5. "We believe that man must be called of God by inspiration, and
by laying on of hands from those who are duly commissioned to preach
the Gospel and administer in the ordinances thereof.
6. "We believe in the same organization that existed in the primi-
tive Church, viz. : Apostles, Prophets, Pastors, Evangelists, etc.
7. "We believe in the powers and gifts of the everlasting Gospel,
viz. : the Gift of Faith, discerning of Spirits, prophecy, revelations,
visions, healing, tongues, and the interpretation of tongues, wisdom,
charity, brotherly love, etc.
8. "We believe the word of God recorded in the Bible ; we also
believe the Word of God recorded in the Book of Mormon, and in all
other good books.
9. "We believe all that God has revealed, all that he does now
reveal, and we believe that he will reveal many more great and im-
portant things pertaining to the Kingdom of God and Messiah's
second coming.
10. "We believe in the literal gathering of Israel and in the res-
toration of the Ten Tribes ; that Zion will be established upon the
Western Continent, and that Christ will reign personally upon the
earth for a thousand years; and that the earth will be renewed and
receive its paradisiacal glory.
11. "We believe in the literal resurrection of the body, and that
the rest of the dead live not again until the thousand years are
expired.
12. "We claim the privilege of worshipping Almighty God accord-
ing to the dictates of conscience unmolested, and allow all men ih&
same privilege, let them worship how or when they may.
13. "We believe in being subject to Kings, Queens, President
16 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
Bnlers and Magistrates, in obeying, honoring and sustaining the law.
14. "We believe in being honest, true, chaste, temperate, benevo-
lent, virtuous and upright, and in doing good to all men ; indeed,
we may say that we follow the admonition of Paul ; we believe all
things, we hope all things, we have endured very many things and
hope to be able to endure all things. Everything lovely, virtuous,
praiseworthy, and of good report, we seek after, looking forward to
he recompense of reward ; but an idle or lazy person cannot be &
Christian, neither have salvation. He is a drone, and destined to be
stung to death, and tumbled out of the hive."
CHAPTER IV.
MORMON POLYGAMY AND GOVERNMENT.
It will doubtless surprise many of my readers to learn that poly-
gamy has no foundation either in the principal of faith promulgated
by Joseph Smith and the founders of the Mormon gospel. Polygamy
not only fails to receive their sanction but the " Book of Mormon'*
and the "Book of Doctrine and Covenants" condemn the practice in
the most emphatic language.
The sentiment of the Book of Mormon upon the subject of poly-
gamy can be understood from the following quotation, page 116 :
"Behold David and Solomon truly had many wives and concu-
bines, which thing was abominable before me, saith the Lord, where-
fore I have led this people forth out of the land of Jerusalem by the
power of mine arm, that I might raise up unto me a righteous branch
from the fruit of the loins of Joseph. Wherefore I, the Lord, will not
suffer that this people shall do like unto them of old; wherefore, my
brethren, hear me, and hearken unto the word of the Lord. For there
shall not any man among you have save it be one wife, and concubines
he shall have none."
We see from this quotation that polygamy is not only pro-
hibited, but the example of the old patriarchs, which the polygamist
sets so much store by, flinging it in the face of the decent people of
this land as an excuse for his crime against the laws of God and man,
is here declared to have been an abomination.
How, then, asks the reader, did polygamy originate ? I answer,
MANY TIMES HE STRUCK ME DOWN WITH HIS FIST.
f
SHE WAS TYRANNICAL.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 17
It was born in the foul and lustful brain of Brigham Young and was
grafted on the faith to gratify his sensual bestiality.
In August, 1852, Brigham Young produced a document before a
-conference of the Utah church, which he claimed was a revelation given
io Joseph Smith in July, 1843, commanding the church to enter into
polygamy. No explanation was given for keeping it concealed for nine
years except that it was nobody's business. This paper was not in the
handwriting of Joseph Smith as all similar ones received by the church
had been. To account for this fatal defect Brigham stated that "Sis-
ter Emma," the wife of Joseph Smith, had thrown the original in the
fire.
This story was pronounced a fabrication by Emma Smith, who testi-
fied just before her death that she had never seen or heard of any such
revelation until Brigham Young brought it forward in 1852. But there
Are other evidences going to show that this precious document is a
forgery. This pretended revelation is dated July 12, 1843. In it poly-
gamy is commanded under pain of eternal damnation, but on Feb. 1,
1844, we have a notice published in the "Times and Seasons" that one
"Hiram Brown had been cut off from the church for teaching polygamy
-and other false and corrupt doctrines."
This is signed by Joseph and Hiram Smith; that is to say, the
man who, according to Brigham Young, commanded his followers to
-embrace polygamy as a portion of their creed, a year after the pro-
mulgation of this command punished one of his followers for doing
what it commanded.
Brigham Young was no fanatic in religion. Like the great Napo-
leon he was ambitious of creating an empire of which he should be
ihe head. To gain such power as he desired and to gather adherents
.around him he offered men such inducements as have not been within
their legitimate grasp since the old Biblical days, that is, among Eu-
ropeans. How greedily the bait was swallowed is now matter of his-
tory. Having once founded his dynasty he knew how to render it
solid. He never allowed laboring men to be idle. If there was no
work to do he would create it. I have known him to set men digging
A canal in order to keep them employed, and when it was dug he
would order them to fill it.
Brig., as he came familiarly to be called by the faithful, was as
as ever Napoleon was. He believed that wealth, even more than
18 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
knowledge, was power and he allowed no man to become too rich and
thus threaten his place. As soon as a man began to be wealthy it was
cunningly suggested to him that he ought to take another wife, and
another, and another, so as to keep his means down to a certain point,
and no one could rise to any exalted position in the church unless he
was a polygamist, for there are numbers of Mormons who are no
polygamists.
Thus, then, polygamy was invented by Brigham Young partially
to gratify his own lustful instincts and partly to prevent any of his fol-
lowers from becoming opulent enough to be independent of him and
his commands.
In the Mormon church there are almost as great a variety and
number of officials as it takes to run a political party. But for all
this it is a greater despotism than the government of Russia.
The head of the church is imperial master over all Mormonism
and all Mormons. The lives and property of his followers are at his
command and they bow in slavish subjection before him. Although
they profess to pray to a God they really pray to him as the purest of
beings alive, next to God himself in virtue and beneficence.
Still he is nominally only one of several chieftains, as the follow-
ing explanation of the government of the Mormon church will explain.
The chief officers of the church are:
The Presidency. —This consists of three individuals, the third pres-
ident being also Mayor of Salt Lake City, Secretary of State of the
State of Deseret, and Lieutenant-General of the militia of the Terri-
tory. They are known respectively as the 1st, 2d and 3d presidents and
constitute the supreme power among the Mormons in all matters. Brig-
ham Young was the great power that controlled the presidency in the re-
cent past The presidents are elected by the people, the masses of
whom regard the first president as unsurpassed in wisdom save by
God himself. A simple expression of his wished is undisputed author-
ity and is obeyed implicitly.
II. The Patriarch. — This official's duties consist in bestowing pa-
triarchal blessings upon the faithful who desire them and are willing
to pay for them. He will lay his reverend hands upon the head of a
saint and blees him with houses and lands and wives (number speci-
fied) and children and heirship to eternal glory, if faithful. These
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
blessings are written out and signed by the patriarch and are highly
prized by the ignorant.
HE. The Twelve Apostles. — Or, as they style themselves, "Special
witnesses of the name of Christ in all the world." This body ranka
next after the presidency. The apostles ordain subordinate clerical
officials, baptize, administer the sacrament, supervise missionary labor
and are the chief preachers and expounders of the faith.
IY. The Seventy. — Are the missionaries out of the first seventy ap-
pointed. Seven were elected presidents, and these appointed other
seventies, who also had presidents and appointed others, so that, by a
species of exaggerated compound interest the number of missionaries-
keeps constantly increasing. The missionaries are supposed to pay
all their own expenses, but they don't.
V. The High Priest. — These are church officials, elected principally
to do the first president's dirty work, as they can officiate in any office
he chooses to appoint them to when he wants his will carried out.
VI. The Bishops. — Although they bear an ecclesiastical title, are
really rather temporal officials. There is one appointed to every Mor-
mon settlement, and one to every ward in Salt Lake City. They are
collectors of tithes, keep the census of their several districts, and set-
tle difficulties existing among the saints, when they can do so, subject
to appeal to higher authority. They are supposed to administer to
the spiritual wants of the people of their charge, and visit their homes
for this purpose. In Salt Lake City there is a chief Bishop, and he
is the channel through which any matter of business the Ward Bishop
may be unable to settle to the satisfaction of the parties, or any
grievance, must be communicated to higher authority, that is to say,,
the First President.
VU. The High Council. — This consists of twelve High Priests, with
the President of the Church at its head. It is the highest authority
to which parties may appeal when they feel aggrieved by the decision
of their Bishop or other local authority. The- President is required to
give the decision in all cases brought before the Council when the
others vote upon it
The reader may imagine how far the opinion of one who i*
thought incapable to err has to do with the vote of the Council. It*
jurisdiction is confined to temporal matters.
Besides the officials of the church here enumerated there
20 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
several other classes knows as elders, priests, teachers, and deacons,
tuit as the duties of all these are included among those of higher
.grades, and as they interlace and overlap each other, so I will not oc-
cupy more space in referring to them.
This, in brief, is the Mormon scheme of Government. No matter
-who you are, or how serious or trivial your business may be, it is
.subject to the authority of the Bishops, who are, in effect, but figure-
heads who act through higher deputies for the First President him-
self. You cannot escape him, for his is the hand which governs the
machine in which you are shut up to furnish the motive power as fire
.and water are held imprisoned to keep an engine going.
In the pages which follow the workings of this detestable system
-win be made clearer by example. My purpose in explaining the Mor-
mon hierarchy here is to simplify a comprehension of what is to
<?ome.
We have now learned the origin of Mormonism, its principles and
its method of enforcing and sustaining them. Now let us see how the
loathsome weed grew into a a rank Upas tree whose shade cast moral
death over one of the fairest sections of the continent
CHAPTER V.
MOBMON MIRACLES.
The first issue of the Gospel of Mormon was published, as we
have said, in 1830. The book dictated by Joseph Smith, with the
help of Sidney Eigdon and Solomon Spaulding, written by Oliver
<Cowdery and published with farmer Harris* money, soon attracted
attention. It hit the taste of the time. The villages of western New
York were just then in a ferment over new religions of all sorts, and
the inventors of Mormonism had cunningly contrived their work so as
fco please the many. When Smith went about preaching his new gos-
pel he found many followers, and as these joined the ranks they were
Tnade active agents to extend the faith too, just as the "Seventies" are
Increased now.
Missionaries were sent out all around to proclaim the new gospel.
As evidence of their divine authority they pretended to work miracles,
jjiarly in its history the new sect was subjected to rigid persecution.
ABBIYAL OF AN INSTALLMENT OF WIVES AT SALT LAKR
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 21
Its meetings were mobbed, the members stoned and some even killed.
This only increased their fanaticism, and Joseph Smith soon enter-
tained the idea of establishing a temporal sovereignty.
An excellent example of the means Smith used to make converts
is given in the following description of a "miracle," performed in New
York State before a woman whom the prophet wanted to convert.
The story was told by her to me, years afterwards, and I give it in her
own language as I then wrote it down :
"The room in which the Mormons were assembled was a large
oblong hall, with curtained windows. The furniture consisted of a few
rude benches, and a table resembling a huge desk stood at the upper
end, on which a small candle was feebly burning. It was impossible
to form anything like a correct calculation of the numbers assembled,
on account of the obscurity. I could only perceive an indiscriminate
mixture of men and women, many of whom were fantastically disguised.
Some were seated, others standing ; but the High Priest of the cere-
monies had not yet arrived.
" Smith came in immediately. He was a tall, graceful-looking
man, not handsome, but of imposing appearance. He wore black, had
dark, piercing eyes, and though he did not look like a gentleman, did
not look like the sheep-stealing vagabond I had known him for a few
years before, either.
u A murmur of admiration greeted his entrance, and he smiled at it
as if conscious of his power.
" He commenced to speak and the utmost silence prevailed. His
discourse was on the nature of miracles. I observed that he quoted
more from the scriptures than the Mormon bible. The sermon was
very short, in order that more time might be employed in the per-
formance of miracles.
" At its close the light was removed from the desk and placed in a
socket directly over it. Smith then knelt ; the others followed his ex-
ample, and the whole company remained some time in silent prayer.
At length he rose ; the others still knelt After a moment's silence he
uttered the solemn and impressive words :
" It is my word, saith the Lord, ye shall be delivered from death
firhich is the power of the devil, from sorrow and sighing. Therefore,
in the might of the Spirit, I command you, bring forth your dead !'
"The deep stillness which succeeded these words was awfully im-
22 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
pressive. The door slowly opened, and two men entered bearing
corpse. It was the body of a young and beautiful female, clad in
white habiliments of death, and looking, Oh ! how ghastly and ghostly
in the dim obscurity of the uncertain light. The limbs were stiff and
rigid, the eyes and mouth partially open, and the whole aspect of the
countenance that of death. The ben-rers stretched her on the desk.
Smith turned to them with an expression of feature I could not fathom;
Ward stood beside him, and I detected him glancing more than once*
at myself.
" ' Whose child is this ? ' said Smith.
" ' Mine/ answered one of the men, solemnly.
" 'Did she die suddenly?'
"'She did.'
"'When?'
"'This afternoon.'
"'Believest thou?'
" ' I believe,' said the man, impressively, ' help thou my unbelief/
" ' Did this child believe ?'
'"She was a believer.'
" < 'Tis well ; thy child shall be restored.'
"There was a faint shriek from the group of spectators, and a
woman, whom I subsequently ascertained to be the mother of the dead,,
rushed forward and threw herself at the feet of Smith.
" ' Eestore my child,' she cried, passionately ; ' she was too young,
too good, and too beautiful to die. Restore her, and I will worship you
for ever.'
" ' Woman, I said it,' he replied ; then turning to the company he
said, 'let some one of the sisters look after this woman, she must not
be permitted to interfere.'
" Mrs. Bradish went forward, and raising the woman, led her to a
seat.
" ' Let the believers rise,' resumed Smith, ' and sing the Hallelujah
Chant."
" A moment after the strain begun, low at first, but swelling out
wild and tumultuous as the enthusiasm increased, and the passions of
the assembly were brought into exercise :
" ' When Nephi came out of Palestine,
.and Tebi from among tho heathen,
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 23
The great and mighty ocean was driven back before them;
The mountains fled away ;
The hills sank in the lakes ;
And the rivers were dried up.
There was life brought back from death,
And souls restored from the grave,
By the mighty power of faith.
Hallelujah !
And it shall be so again,
Hallelujah!
Even now our eyes behold it,
Hallelujah!
The pale, cold corpse is waking,
Hallelujah!
Strength is returning to its limbs,
Hallelujah!
We shall see her again as we have seen hei
Hallelujah!
£n the pride and beauty of life,
Hallelujah !
With no cerements clinging to her bosom,
Hallelujah !
It comes, the power of the Most High God forever,
Hallelujah !
He has listened to the voice of His servant and apostle,
Hallelujah !
He has arrested the might of death at His bidding,
Hallelujah !
As He did at the bidding of Moses and Elijah,
Hallelujah !
As He did at the bidding of Christ and Saul of Tarsus,
Hallelujah!'
As the chant went on voice after voice tired out and ceased,
u til the whole ended in profound silence. Smith meanwhile stood be-
side the apparently dead body. He pressed and stroked the head,
breathed into the mouth and rubbed the frigid limbs, saying in a low,
deep voice :
24 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
" 'Live thou again, young woman. Let sight return to these eyes,
now sightless, and strength to these limbs, now nerveless. Let life and
vigor and animation inspire this wasted frame.'
" Presently there was a slight movement of the muscles, the eyes
opened and shut, the arms were flung out and then brought together
again ; and at last the body sat up. The effect on the assembly was
electrical. The mother fell into violent hysterics ; many of the females
shrieked, others sobbed.
" I stood gazing, absorbed, almost incapable of sense or motion ;
my reasoning faculties altogether at fault on such a subject. A voice
breatlied in my ear :
" * Dost thou now believe ? '
" 1 turned; Mr. Ward was at my side.
" ' I am astonished, if not convinced."
" ' You have seen the dead restored to life. Look; she speaks and
walks.'
" I looked, it was indeed as he said. She had descended from the
table, and with her grave clothes on, was making the circuit of the
room, leaning on the arm of Smith. Her cheeks were flushed with life
and health, her eyes sparkled with animation, and her rounded and
voluptuous form contrasted strangely with her ghastly habiliments."
This performance, I may as well explain here, was gotten up, as
the witness afterwards found, exclusively for her benefit. The girl was
no more dead than I am as I write. But these miracles were well
worked and they made many converts. I remember another I once
heard of, told me by an old lady who had witnessed it in Missouri
where it occurred.
" There were two families by the name of Pulsifer, both believers
in Mormon," she said. " A child died in one of these families, and the
Mormons gave out that, on a certain night, an angel would come and
carry the body to heaven. The time appointed arrived, the relatives
of the dead were assembled, when a figure in white, and with small
bells attached to its garments, appeared. A party of the unbelievers,
lying in ambush, immediately gave chase. The figure ran for a neigh-
boring swamp, but was pursued, taken, stripped of its angel robes, and
proved to be Pulsifer, the uncle of the deceased."
Smith also used to throw people into trances, for he possessed
a powerful degree of magnetic power. This not being understood by
HE HAD A CHOICE LOT.
DEVOUT MOBMONS ON THEIR WAY TO THE TEMPLE,
BAIN OB NO BAIN.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMUJXlbAl. 25
ie ignorant and credulous masses among whom he practiced went foi
a divine gift, and invested him with tremendous and awful importance
in their eyes.
CHAPTER VI.
JOE SMITH MOVES WEST.
By the beginning of 1831 Joe Smith had gathered quite a follow-
ing, but his doctrines had many enemies, and he was so open and so
savagely attacked that he concluded it prudent to move West. He set-
tled on Kirtland, Ohio, as the scene of the New Jerusalem.
There they set up a bank, opened stores, and went on making new
converts. Churches were soon established in Ohio, Pennsylvania,
New York, Illinois, and still the eyes of the faith turned westward, to
the great prairies where they hoped to be allowed to work out their
system in peace and freedom. This led to the purchase by them of an
extensive tract of land in Jackson County, Missouri, where another
colony was set up.
In addition to the burning words of their missionaries, two news-
papers were established, one a monthy, the Morning and Evening Star,
and the other a weekly, the Upper Missouri Advertiser. Industry, en-
ergy, sobriety, order and cleanliness were the rules of the colonies.
Polygamy was not thought of yet, and the new-made Mormons were
enthusiastic and happy.
After Smith had established the colony in Missouri he returned to
Kirkland and resumed work at converting new believers and perfect-
ing the organization of his followers.
But here, as in New York, he had to submit to persecution and
violence. Thus, on the night of March 22, 1832, a mob of Methodists,
Baptists, Campbellites and other miscellaneous zealots broke into the
prophet's house, tore him from his wife's arms, hurried him into an
-adjoining meadow and tarred and feathered him. Sidney Bigdon re-
ceived similar treatment, and was rendered temporarily insane, but
Smith preached next day, " his flesh all scarified and defaced," and
proved the folly of persecution by baptizing three new converts that
Afternoon.
The Mormon leaders were not the only ones who came in for per-
26 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONI8M.
sonal affliction at the hands of the enemy. Any man was liable to be-
set upon if he ventured far among the Gentiles, nor were the women-
spared. One was caught on a winter night, tied to a tree and buried
Tinder a mound of snow six feet high. And another was stripped
naked and left to run a couple cf miles over the icy roads to the near-
est Mormon shelter. With such violences as these did the unbelievers
force the followers of Smith into a closer and more stubborn adherence.
to their leader.
In Missouri the colony continued to prosper too, but secret soci-
eties were organized against it, its printing press was destroyed, and
finally, in 1833, all hands were driven out of house and home, across,
the Missouri, and forced to camp in the wilderness on a bitter winter
night They rallied, however, and found a place to settle in Clay
County. There they remained some three years.
It was here that Brigham Young was received into the church, and
here in 1835, that he received his first ofiice, being made one of the
apostles.
Young was sent East to drum up converts among the Yankees, and
such was his sagacity and force of character that he managed to make
many proselytes even among this acute people. Two other famous,
apostles, Arson Hyde and Heber C. Kimball, were, in 1837, dispatched,
as missionaries to England, where they made hundreds of converts,
from the masses in the great commercial and manufacturing towns and
among the laborers in the agricultural district.
All this gave Mormonism a great " boom," and Smith began to<
view the future with the eye of a conqueror. His hundreds of follow-
ers had swollen to thousands ; his thousands of treasure to hundreds.
of thousands. Small parties of ruffians no longer attacked the Mor-
mons. They had to fight in strong bands now, or run a strong chance
of being thrashed themselves.
Such was the state of affairs when, at the end of 1837, the bank at
Kirtland, Ohio, stopped payment. The State authorities at once took
action against Joe Smith and a couple of his chief followers for
swindling.
At this opportune moment the prophet received a " revelation."'
The reader will probably note by the time he gets through this book,
that Mormon leaders get revelations just at the right time.
This " revelation " commanded the prophet to move to Missouri*
THE MORMON EVE.
A YOUNG WIFE'S GLORY DAYS.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 27
thitlier the Ohio colony went to consolidate with the resident one,
and he lost no time in obeying it.
The Missourians, however, were tireless in their attacks on the
•colonists. The truth was there were a good many hard cases among
the Mormons, and these committed depredations on the property of
the Gentile farmers which afforded the latter excellent excuse for
retaliation. The result was that a sort of guerrilla warfare was kept up
that began in time to assume the proportions of a veritable civil war.
In the course of these troubles Joe Smith was arrested by the
State authorities, along with Sidney Eigdon, and locked up. He
secured his release in 1838, and immediately had another " revelation."
Thanks to this he moved all his followers, to the number of 15,000,
across the river to Illinois, where at a spot some 220 miles above St-
Louis, on a grant of land which they had obtained in the vicinity of
ihe town of Commerce, they founded a city which a "revelation " told
Smith to name Nauvoo, or the city of beauty.
The legislature of Illinois granted a charter to Nauvoo ; a body of
militia was formed under the name of the Nauvoo Legion, of which the
prophet was named commander. He was also made mayor of the city
<and thus became actual as well as spiritual "boss."
When the Mormons settled at Nauvoo the land was a wilderness,
but they soon had it blooming like a rose. A future of prosperity
seemed before them, when trouble rose in a new quarter, or rather
from a new cause.
This was a rumor that the Mormons, in addition to their queer
doctrines of faith, were also practicing polygamy.
This was not really the fact. Eigdon had a theory about "spirit-
ual wives" which Smith denounced for a long time, but ended by ac-
cepting. According to this theory women could only be saved through
their husbands,- and unmarried females must ba ever debarred from
the pleasures of the blest. Consequently every woman had to be pro-
vided with a spiritual husband, and as there were more women than
men among the Mormons Eigdon and those who believed in him un-
dertook to make the odd ones sure of heaven by marrying them him-
;self. Smith was compelled to fall in with this idea in practice and
the business of "sealing" extra wives was commenced.
Polygamy was not openly advocated, however. The spiritual
wife was said to be united to her husband by a purely spiritual tie,
28 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
independent of all sensual relations and was not supposed to have>
any carnal affinity with him whatever.
The unbelievers in Mormonism would not believe this, however,,
and serious disturbances broke out again.
In consequence of these Joe Smith, his brother Hiram and some
of his chief supporters were arrested and thrown into prison at Car-
thage to await trial.
After a short time a rumor began to circulate to the effect that the
Governor of the Stato desired to permit the two Smiths to escape*
This news, true or false, was received with a veritable howl of fury..
A mob of 200 men collected, armed to the teeth, on June 27, 1844. They
marched to the prison, forced an entrance and swarmed in upon the
prophet in his cell. The father of Mormonism fell, riddled with balls,,
and his brother was promptly sent to join him.
Thus, after 14 years of troublous existence, was Mormonism laft-
without a head, in a world filled with furious and implacable enemies.
Thus did Joe Smith, sheep-stealer, treasure-hunter, wizard of the
divining rod, having gulled and swindled his way to notoriety and
power, go down the dark road by the same violence which, in the end,,
tnust sweep the loathsome faith he founded from the earth it soils-
CHAPTER VII.
BRIGHAM YOUNG STEPS IN.
We have already introduced the man who was destined to raise-
Mormonism to really vigorous power. Let us inquire a little more
closely into his history. Brigham Young, however ignoble and de*
testable his work, was undoubtedly one of the most remarkable men
in American history and daserves more than the brief notice we have
given him in a book devoted to the cause whose most potent and.
sagacious champion he was.
Brigham Young was born at Whittingham, Vt., on June 1, 1801..
He was the son 0" a man who o^vnod and cultivated a little farm whick
afforded his family the barest and most miserable of livings.
After a youth of poverty, in the cours3 of which he manage;! to-
secure an apology for en education, which his quick wit and active
intelligence rapid y improved upon, he began life as clerk in a country:
THE MYSTEEIES OF MORMONISM.
store, where lie served out sanded sugar and watered rum as prosaic-
ally as any country boy who ever aspired to the Presidency.
But his spirit was restless and he did not long remain behind the
counter. As a peddler he roamed around the country vending articles
of jewelry, lottery tickets and similar articles, the whole and sole end.
of his endeavors being, as he expressed it, to "take care of number
one." At last he became a devotee of the Methodist persuasion; ex-
horted the sinners, led in the class meetings and shouted, sung and.
hallooed with the mcst orthodox. From Methodism to Mormonism
the conversion was an easy one for him. He saw a great future in the
new faith and in 1832 embraced it.
He was made an elder of the church and began to preach at the
settlement at Kirtland. In 1835, as we have described, he was made
an apostle and sent to do missionary work in New England. The
death of Joe Smith called him from the East and he found the settlers-
at Nauvoo in the greatest agitation and confusion, without a leader and .
in doubt as to where to get one.
Not that there were no aspirants to the place, for Joe Smith had
left a son who bore his name and of whom Joe Smith's wife, Emma,,
swore his father had had a revelation that he should be his successor..
Sidney Kigdon, too, had stepped in and actually assumed the Presi-
dency. But a stronger than either he or the dead prophet's son was-
destined for the place.
Young contrived to get the right side of his eleven brother apos-
tles, however, and they elected him. Events proved the wisdom.
of their choice.
Joe Smith died in 1844. In 1045 the Legislature of Illinois re-
voked the charter of Nauvoo and the Mormons were ordered to move
out. The hostile Gentiles then laid siege to the place and after a.
connonnade of three days Brigham and his followers struck their
colors. All they asked was time enough to get somewhere where they
could molest no one and where no one would molest them.
The Rocky Mountains were in those days almost the western
boundary of the continent and beyond them the persecuted Mormons
resolved to seek a home. Explorers were sent out at once to look for
a suitable spot to locate, and brought back favorable reports of the
valley of the Great Salt Lake, which had first been explored by GeiL,.
Fremont in 1843.
30 TEE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
To Salt Lake, then, Brigham resolved to travel.
In February, 1855, the first emigrants crossed the ice-bound Miss-
issippi and settled for a year in Iowa, preparing for the journey. In
April, 1857, Brigham set out with a pioneer party of 143 men for the
:new Zion.
In the fall of that year they reached Salt Lake Valley, and Brig-
ham, from a peak of the Wasach Mountains, saw the country, and had
a vision in which he was told that this was to be their future Zion,
where the Temple of the Lord was again to be erected never to be re-
moved, and that the light of the gospel was to radiate thence to all the
world. That fall the city was laid out, and they immediately com-
menced preparing for the reception of the hosts of Zion who were to
follow.
Brigham Young returned to Iowa, and in 1848 he was confirmed by
a General Conference of the Church in the position to which he had
been called by the people on the occasion referred to. In the same
jear Young returned to Salt Lake City, taking with him the great mass
•of the Mormon^.
These people had then collected on the banks of the Missouri,
opposite Council Bluffs, preparatory to their migration to the land
which Brigham told them was to flow with milk and honey, equalled
only by the Promised Land, which Moses was allowed to look upon
but not possess.
They endured great hardships on the journey, and intense suffering
after their arrival. They were short of provisions, and before they
could cultivate the land they lived on beetles and grasshoppers and
such nutritious wild herbs as could be found. They were very poorly
clad and without shelter, and a long and dreary winter, colder than
they ever before experienced, was upon them. "Was it surprising that
they murmured?
But out of all their difficulties Brigham Young managed to de-
liver them. As soon as it could be done the people commenced agri-
cultural pursuits. But when the husbandmen could not work they
were employed in other ways, and such as could not labor advantage-
ously on any necessary work, were made to labor on the "Bulwarks
of Zion."
Utah being in the very centre of the Indian country, the Mormons
"were from the first subject to savage assaults. Consequently wherever
WORKING HARD TO SAVB (?) A SOUI^.
SAVED !
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 3i
ti settlement was made, the first work was to build a fort Danger did
not daunt the saints, however. Tiiey could fight as well as toil.
Nothing better proves the ability of Brigham Yo ang as the leader
of a fanatical religious sect, and as a man of most extraordinary re-
sources, than the management of the migration of the Mormons and
of their affairs during the first year of their arrival in the valley.
At that time Utah was a part of Mexico. By a treaty between that
Government and the United States the territory was ceded to the
latter, and in 1849 the Mormons met in convention, adopted a constitu-
tion which they called "The Constitution of the State of Deseret," and
.applied for immediate admission into the Union under it. There wag
then no recognized government in that country ; but the year follow-
ing Congress organized the present territory, and Mr. Fillmore, who
was then President, appointed Brigham Young the first Governor ay
-well as Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
From the organization of the territory in 1850 in 1857, nothing
.remarkable in the history of the saints occurred. Then came those
events which led to the invasion of the territory by General (theu
•Colonel) Sidney Johnson.
These events can be briefly told. The Government, when it made
^Brigham Governor, appointed also District Judges, who established
United States Courts in the Territory. The Mormons viewed them
-with much suspicion, and finally drove them out of the State in 1851,
The Government then suspended Brigham Young from his office al
Crovernor and sent Colonel Steptole, U. S. A., out to succeed him. He
arrived in Utah in 1854, but found it safe to withdraw from a
•country he saw no chance of governing. For two years more the
Mormons and the United States officers wrangled, till, in 1856, the
Hatter were forced to flee from the Territory.
The Government now appointed Alfred Cuming Governor, and
sent him out with 2,000 regular soldiers, under Colonel Albert Sidney
Johnston, to seat him in power.
Brigham Young refused to furnisn supplies for the troops and
issued his proclamation declaring martial law, and calling out the
militia.
The army advanced to near where Fort Bridger now stands, when
their supplies became scant for the winter. While there Brigham ad-
dressed a communication to Colonel Johnston, warning him to leave
32 THE MYSTERIES OF MOEMONISM.
the territory, but in the event Colonel Johnston desired to remain
oyer winter, he might "do so in peace and unmolested, " provided he
would deposit his arms and ammunition with the Quartermaster-Gen-
eral of the territory, and, "leave in the spring, or as soon as the roads
would permit him to march."
It is unnecessary to add that neither modest request was complied
with.
While the army was approaching, the Mormons were fortifying
Echo Canon, to prevent its penetrating further into the territory. The
only act of hostility committed during the campaign was the destruc-
tion of two supply trains, belonging to Johnston's army. This wa»
done by a band of horsemen, supposed to have been commanded by
Porter Kockwell, who figures conspicuously in Mormon history as
one of the Danites, or "avenging angels," and of whom I shall write
later.
General Johnston was not acting under orders to attack the Mor-
mons, and this act of hostility would have been a most excellent pre-
text for accepting war, and then and forever settling the question of
Mormonism in our country, was not taken advantage of. Neither the
defences of Echo Canon, nor the size of the Mormon army, were by any
means the cause of it not being. But the army was short of supplies,
as I have already said, and a campaign in such a country under the
circumstances was out of the question.
Johnston remained through the winter, negotiating, with the result
that the Mormons admitted Governor Cuming to his seat. The troops
remained in camp till 1860, when they returned to the states. The
civil war diverted attention from the saints and they had pretty much
their own way till the end. Then the government began to pay some
attention to them again, and in 1871 went so far as to declare polygamy
a crime and arrest Brigham. He was released and died on August
29th, 1877, in his latter years having been much curtailed by his
powers.
Brigham left 17 wives and 56 children, and a fortune of $2,000,000
to support them. In 1874 one of his wives, Ann Eliza Young, the 15th,
had received a divorce from him in the United States courts.
Such, in brief, is the history of the greatest man Mormonism has
ever produced. Now for a glance at some of the crimes he fathered.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 33
CHAPTER VIII.
THE CRIMES OF MOEMONISM.
No history of a savage African king, throned on the bodies of his
slaughtered victims, is blackened by more shameful crimes than the
chronicles of Mormonism, and no crime in Mormon records is more
atrocious than that whose anther was, in 1877, shot to death upon the
scene of the massacre he directed. I allude to the crime and the
expiation of Bishop John D. Lee.
In the summer of 1857, a large train, with emigrants for Cali-
fornia, consisting of men, women and children to the number of about
one hundred and forty persons, passed through Salt Lake City, and
proceeded southward on the usual route to Los Angelos, when they
reached Mountain Meadows, a valley in a sparsely settled country,
about three hundred miles south of Salt Lake City.
Their stock was first run off by what appeared to be Indians, but
really by Mormons disguised as such, and under command of Lee, who
was acting by Brigham Young's orders. Their enemies making hos-
tile demonstrations, the emigrants got together their wagons, and
throwing up earth about them made a work of defence.
Their assailants occupied the hills around, and fought them for sey»
eral days without gaining any advantage. Finding it impossible to
capture them without serious loss, they resorted to strategy and de-
ception.
Several prominent Mormons took a wagon and went around so
as to approach the emigrants from the head of the meadows and as
they did so exhibited a red flag. The emigrants recognizing white men
in the wagon allowed them to approach and held up a little girl
dressed in white to answer the signal. The Mormons entered the fort.
They represented that they had talked with the "Indians" and fonnd
them very furious — determined to capture the party at all hazards, but
that they, the Mormons, would negotiate with the "Indians" for terms
of surrender if it was desired.
They were requested to do so and after a short absence returned
with the "Indians'" alternative — the surrender of everything and
their lives would be spared. In addition to the purported agreement
34 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM,
on the part of the assailants, as their part of the treaty, not to injure
the emigrants personally, the Mormon negotiators proposed to furnish
an escort of forty armed men to conduct them back to the settlements.
Harsh as were the terms they were accepted, the presence of help-
less women and children influencing the emigrants in their decision.
The escort arrived and the unsuspecting emigrants abandoned every-
thing and marched out of their fort. The women and children were
in front, the men behind them, and the guard in the rear of all.
In this order they marched a short distance, when at a given sig-
nal the "Indians" rushed upon the party, shooting dead by the first
Tolley the men and afterward the women and children, except seven-
teen of the latter who were supposed to be too young to tell the tale
of this horrid butchery. No injury was sustained by the escort.
Brigham Young, who was at the time Superintendent of Indian
affairs in the territory, made no allusion to the massacre in his annual
report. Nor did he for a long time refer to it in the pulpit and when
he did so it was of course to deny the guilt of the Mormons.
Some years after the horrible murder Gen. Carlton marched a
column of troops by the locality, when he found the bones of the slain
still bleaching upon the meadow. Here and there lay a skull with the
long hair attached, indicating the sex of the murdered, and inter-
spersed with the others were the small bones of the children. Even
then an officer declares the sight to have been horrible and sickening.
The General had these bones collected and buried and over the spot
he made a mound from which was raised a wooden cross and on it he
placed the inscription : "Vengeance is mine, and I will repay, saith
the Lord."
Not long after Brigham Young visited the locality and about the
same time the rude monument was demolished.
But its memory lived and the inscription Brigham caused to be
wiped out was prophetic. Twenty years after his crime had been ac-
complished and after the man who had instigated it had gone to his
account, John D. Lee, in September, 1877, after a fair trial by a
United States court was led out and fusiladed on the very spot the
blood of his hapless victims had enriched.
Another shocking act of barbarity was the slaughter of the
Morrisites. It occurred in 1862. The Morrissites were named after
their leader. They were Mormons who objected to Brigham Young
MORMON HOUSEHOLD DISCIPLINE.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. So
~aad who set np an independent settlement on the Weber river. A dis-
T*rt« arose between the Mprrisites and Brighamites as to the authority
4>i the latter to impose fines and levy taxes upon a people who claimed
the same right to exercise an independent government as had those
who oppressed them.
For some offence the Morrisites resisted a civil officer of Brigham's
government, when the official obtained a large armed posse and again vis-
ited the settlement to serve the writ. Foolishly the Morrisites still resist-
ed and retaining the fanaticism they had acquired under Brigham they
were presumptuous enough to accept battle. Being very much in the
minority they were compelled to surrender and did so, giving up their
arms. The Mormon sheriff then rode into their fort, inquired
for Morris, when a poor old helpless fanatic was pointed out to him,
and drawing his pistol he shot him dead in cold blood. Two or three
of the party were murdered in the same way.
Late in the fall of 1859 a company of California emigrants num-
bering eight wagons, ten men, twelve women and a little multitude of
children, halted at Salt Lake City to rest and refresh themselves and
their animals preparatory to 'crossing the Sierra Nevada. The men
were shrewd and observant, the women inquisitive and they managed
to ferret out some of the secrets the Mormons did not care to have
carried away. It was decided to put them out of the way, and several
of the saints were selected to accomplish that end.
These scoundrels hired themselves to the emigrants as guides
through the Sierra Nevada.
The Sierra Nevada is not a single mountain range, but a succes-
sion of ranges and ridges, and ridges alternating with narrow glens,
generally filled with torrent-like rivers and unfathomable lakes. Be-
wildered among these mountains escape is quite impossible. As well
might one attempt to find his way to the open air through the intri-
cate chambers of the Cretan labyrinth. One mountain crossed amid
.all the horrors of snow and cold and fatigue only brings you to the
foot of another. Unfathomable gulfs, frozen lakes, unmeasured preci-
pices are before and around you and the most horrid of deaths is the
only relief.
Into this wilderness the Mormon guides led their victims, leaving
them after having directed them not to the West but to the North !
The snows clos d around them and it was finally proposed to en-
36 THE j/y,s'777;V/:'S' OF MORHONISM.
camp and remain through the winter. They discovered a cave open-
ing on the sheltered side of the mountain, whose icy pinnacle glittered
above them at the height of 15,000 feet. Drawing their wagons up to*
the entrance their goodn were unloaded and most of them removed to
the cavern, while the cattle were turned loose to browse on the tender
twigs of the stunted bushes and pick the scanty tufts of grass where
the wind had blown the snow from the mountain tops. A party
of five men went forward to explore the route, but after wander-
ing hither and thither for nearly a week and subsisting on the bark
of trees, they returned to the encampment no better off than when
they left it. Again and again the same project was undertaken, but.
nerer with success.
One by one the cattle were killed and eaten and occasionally the
hunters would bring in some game. These resources failing, roots, the
bark of trees and even grass afforded the means of a scanty subsist-
ence. But the cold became insupportable ; the ground was covered
with tremendous snow drifts, snow and sleet filled the air and obscured
the heavens.
Some took to their beds and refused to leave them; others, whose-
enfeebled and emaciated limbs refused to support their weight, crawled
on their hands and knees through the cold and snow to such places as-
the wind had left bare and dug with their stiffened and benumbed fin-
gers for the roots of grass or anything else that could preserve life.
Husbands were reduced to the. necessity of feeding upon the flesh of
their dead wives, and mothers, with ravenous appetite, feasted on the
mangled bodies of their children.
When spring came the snows melted form a charnel house upon
the mountain side. Only skeletons remained to endorse the story told
in triumph in the Mormon temple of how the enemies of the church
had been betrayed to death.
CHAPTER IX.
THE DANTTES.
When the citizens of Carroll and Davis Counties, Mo., began to
threaten the Mormons with expulsion in 1838, a " death society " wa&
organized, under the direction of Sidney Bigdon, and with the sanction*
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 37
of Smith. Its first captain was Captain "Fearnot," alias David Patten,
an Apostle. Its object was the punishment of the obnoxious. Some
time elapsed before finding a suitable name. They desired one that
should seem to combine spiritual authority, with a suitable sound.
Micah, iv. 13, furnished the first name, " Arise, and thresh, O ! daugh-
ter of Zion ; for I will make thy horn iron, and thy hoofs brass ; and
thou shalfc beat in pieces many people ; and I will consecrate their gaifc
unto the Lord, and their substance unto the Lord of the whole earth."
This accurately described their intentions, and they called themselves
the "Daughters of Zion." Some ridicule was made at these bearded
and bloody "daughters," and the name did not sit easily. "Destroying
Angels " came next ; the " Big Fan " of the thresher that " should
thoroughly purge the floor," was tried and dropped. Genesis, xlix. 17,
furnished the name that they finally assumed. The verse is quite sig-
nificant : " Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path,
that biteth the horse's heels, so that his rider shall fall backward.**
The " Sons of Dan " was the style they adopted ; and many have been
the times that they have been adders in the path, and many a man has
fallen backward, and has been seen no more. At Salt Lake, among them*,
selves, they ferociously exult in these things, rather than seek to deny
or extenuate them.
When a man is missing at Salt Lake, it is a common expression,
"He has met the Indians." Whenever this term was used it was
understood to mean that the Danites had been at work.
It would require a volume even to furnish a catalogue of the
crimes of these mysterious and deadly bravoes. The following are a
few examples of their work.
Colonel Peltro and Mr. Tobin, with their servants, were severely
wounded by Mormons, who attacked them in the night, on Santa Clara
river, 370 miles south of Salt Lake. They lost six horses, and were
compelled to abandon their baggage, which was perfectly riddled with
shot. The object of their enmity and this attempted assassination was
Mr. Tobin. He went with Captain Stansbury to Salt Lake in 1851 ;
then met Brigham, and admired his daughter Alice ; was engaged to
her, and left Salt Lake on business. He returned in 1856, and renewed
his engagement with Miss Alice ; although she was at the same time
Tinder a written engagement to a Mr. W. Wright, whom Brigham sent
off to the Sandwich Islands, to get him out of the way. Mr. Tobin told
38 THE MYSTERIES OF 3fOB3fONIS3f.
Bie in California that he had the most convincing proof that Miss
Young had sacrificed her honor, and accordingly refused to marry her.
For this Mormon hated ; for the influence he might exert abroad, Mor-
mon feared ; and because both hated and feared, he was nearly Mor-
. mon murdered.
One evening in November, 1866, Dr. Bobinson, a Gentile, who had
lived in Salt Lake City for several years, and practiced his profession
as a physician, was called by two men who represented that a friend
had a fractured thigh. The doctor immediately dressed, and started
on what he supposed a mission of mercy, and after proceeding a few
squares was shot through the head, and died shortly afterward, re-
maining unconscious from the time he received the wound. Mrs.
Bobinson knew of the two men calling, but did not know who they
were. Notwithstanding the most searching investigation on the par!'
of the Chief Justice and the Governor, no clue whatever could be had
to the murderers.
Dr. Bobinson had been for some time conducting a suit against
the Mormon authorities for the possession of the land upon which the
"Warm Springs were located, to which he claimed pre-emption right.
Brigham Young also claimed the land, and as usual, Young got it.
About the time of tlie Bobinson murder, several other citizens of
Salt Lake narrowly escaped the severe vengeance of the Mormons, for
an offence which is the only one Dr. Bobinson is known to have com-
mitted against them — that of claiming public lands in the vicinity of
Zion. These lands had not been surveyed, nor brought into market,
and the parties that settled upon them considered that they were sub-
ject to the same laws that govern other unsurveyed public land.
Several small tracts of these were pre-empted and occupied. Among
other settlers was Dr. Williamson, who had erected a temporary build-
ing on a quarter section near the Jordan. A raid was made on all such
about the same time, and their buildings destroyed. The doctor was
caught, tied, and wrapped in an old tent, preparatory to making a
liberal Jordan his entrance way into eternity ; but he was not the least
disconcerted by their conduct, and very coolly informed tlio mob that
he would prefer that they should " shoot him as they would a dog,
rather than drown him as they would a cat." Whether they admired
his coolness, so as to induce them to desist, or the whole was intended
as a scare, I am unable to say, but they let him go.
YOU PAYS YOUR MONEY AND TAKES YOUR CHOICE.'
'•THOU SHALT JNCKEASE AND MULTIPLY,
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 39
A young man, who had visited Utah in company with an emigrant
train, became enamored of a young girl belonging to a Mormon family,
though not a daughter of the house. His affections were returned
with ardor by the lady, whose hand had been demanded by a Mormon
elder, already the husband of nine wives. Ignorant of danger and
intent only on the gratification of his passion, the lover remained in
Utah while his friends prosecuted their journey. The girl, from the
commencement of his attentions, had been strictly watched, yet love
laughs at locksmiths, and they had concerted a plan of escape. This
by some unaccountable means was betrayed, and the eloping lady
leaped from the window of the room in which she was confined, not
into the arms of the youth, but those of the man she loathed and
hated.
But where went the lover?
These are but a few examples. It is beyond the limit of our
volume to give more than a suggestion of the monstrous outrages on
humanity which the bravoes of the Mormon Church were guilty of.
History has recorded many of them, and when the crash comes and
the Mormon monstrosity is swept from the earth, there will be men
enough found to reveal the secrets of a power they no longer fear.
One other fact I must dwell upon in connection with the Danites
though. That is the frequency with which they were employed against
a sex whose weakness should have been their best safeguard.
Let a woman, if she dare, commit such acts as would be likely to
bring polygamy into disrepute, expose the weakness or sensuality of
an elder, or manifest a disapprobation to the existing state of things,
and some hideous punishment would be sure to be hers — when, where,
cr what, it would be impossible to tell, though none the less hideous
and certain — t~at is, if information of it ever reached the ears of the
elect and sanctified.
One poor woman who had told an emigrant in the hearing of a Mor-
mon elder that polygamy was a system of abominations, and who re-
peated a few of her troubles and sufferings, was taken one night when
she stepped out for water, gagged, carried a mile into the woods,
stripped nude, tied to a tree, and scourged till the blood ran from her
wounds to the ground, in which condition she was left till the next
night, when her tormentors visited her again, took her back to her
husband's residence and laid her on the doorstep, where she remained
40 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
till morning. She remained sick for a long time. Her husband's
other wives refused to nurse and care for her, and she finally died,
after lingering something more than a year.
Another female was suddenly snatched up by a man on horse-
back, when returning to her home in the dusk of the evening, carried
to a retired place, and her mouth and tongue seared with a red-hot
iron, though they refused to inform her in what she had offended, and
she could remember nothing. Having thus mutilated her they carried
her fifty miles out into the prairie and left her to wander, naked, till
she starved. She was found, nearly dead, by a, party of emigrants, and
her barbarous torture made known to the world in writing, as she had
lost the power of speech.
Such things, I may add, were not solitary acts, but of frequent
occurrence, and the female part of the population were in a state of
constant apprehension.
It must be understood that, though I write in the past tense of the
Danites, their organization exists to-day as strong as ever, and as ready
to perform the functions of its dark office. Porter Eockwell is dead,
"but he has left successors.
Who is Porter Eockwell ? Porter Rockwell was the most dreaded
leader of the Danites, or "Avenging Angels." How many he caused
to disappear mysteriously, or be killed by the Indians when the In-
dians were committing no depredations, cannot be told, but Porter
Eockwell enjoyed his infamous life for many years in savage impunity.
In his latter days he became a drunkard, and used to wander the
streets of Salt Lake City looking for fight. He seldom got it though.
.Scores of men who would willingly have shot him down held their
hands in fear of the vengeance this act of justice might invoke on
them.
Blood atonement, all denials to the contrary, is practiced to-day
as frequently as it was twenty-five years ago, though not so openly.
There are no Coroners in Utah, and when a body is in death it is
simply buried. Poison does the work, and there are no inquiries.
When a man gets tired of his wife he poisons her, if he anticipates the
least trouble in obtaining a divorce.
Mrs. Maxwell came to Salt Lake City with her husband in 1869
Two years afterward her husband took another wife, and one year
subsequently he was sealed to a third. Mrs. Maxwell had two sons,
THE MYSTERIES OF MOEMONISM. 41
aged respectively fourteen and sixteen years. Their father urged them
to go through the Endowment House and become Mormons, bound by
all the oaths of the church. Mrs. Maxwell objected, and in order to
prevail over her sons she told them the secrets of the Endowment
House.
The penalty for revealing these secrets is dismemberment of the-
body, the throat cut, and tongue torn out.
Mr. Maxwell overheard his wife, being in an adjoining room, and
forthwith he informed the Elders, who sent for the unfortunate woman
and her two sons. They were taken into what is called the " dark
pit," a blood atoning room under Brigham Young's house. The
woman was then stripped of all her clothing, and then tied on her
back to a large table. Six members of the priesthood then performed
their damnable crime; they first cut off their victim's tongue, they
then cut her throat, after which her legs and arms were severed.
The sons were compelled to stand by and witness this dreadful
slaughter of their mother. They were then released and given twenty-
four hours to get out of the territory, which was then an impossibility.
The sons went directly to the house of a friend, to whom they related
the butchery of their mother, and obtaining a package of provisions
they started ; but on the following morning they were both dead.
They had met the Danites.
Created in the most sombre secrecy, this infamous organization
was from the first a shadowy terror known only by its works. The
real calling of a " Destroying Angel " is rarely known save among his
fellows. To the bulk of the people to whom he is a constant menace,
the assassin of the church is a mere spectre, red handed, merciless
and deadly, but invisible and therefore the more dreadful. Your mur-
derer might be your own brother, and you never dream it, so well are
the secrets of this shameful order kept.
An instance of this : One day in Salt Lake City I was out walking
with a male relative, and a man stopped us. During the conversation
I observed him closely, because he was so handsome — with light, wavy
brown hair, skin like a girl's, and beautiful blue eyes. He was tall and
of slender build. He was dressed after the fashion of men in general,
except that he wore a large sombrero, which he kept drawn well over
his face. He conversed affably, his voice being noticeably melodious.
After he went his way my cousin said :
42 THE MYSTERIES OF MOEMONISM.
" Well, you have seen one at last."
"One what?" Tasked.
" An Avenging Angel."
" Where, where ?" I said, looking around.
" Why, the man who has just left us. He is the chief Avenging
An^el, and has had a hand in the bloodiest deeds that have stained the
record of this Territory."
In after years I was fated to have experience enough with these
men of blood, and the very one I met that day was destined to become
a persecutor from whose ruthless hand chance alone saved me.
CHAPTER X.
SECRETS OF THE ENDOWMENT HOUSE.
The Mormon Endowment House of Salt Lake is a plain adobe
building, two stories high, built like a small dwelling-house, so as not
to attract attention. There are blinds to all the windows, which are
.nearly always kept down. It is situated in the northwest corner of
the Temple block (which includes the Tabernacle, New Temple, etc.),
and the whole block is surrounded by a very high wall.
On a certain day, not necessary to mention, I went to the Endow-
ment House at eight o'clock in the morning, taking with me my endow-
ment clothes (consisting of garments, robe, cap, apron and moccasins)-
I went into a small room attached to the main building (designated by
.the name of reception room), which was crowded with men and women
having their bundles of clothing. The entrance door is on the east
.side, and in the southwest corner ; there is another, next to which the
desk stood, where the clerk recorded the names, etc. Around the north
and west sides were benches for the people to sit
On going up to the desk, I presented my recommendation from the
bishop in whose ward I was staying, and George Reynolds, who was
acting as clerk, asked me my name, those of my parents, when and
where I was born, and when I was baptized in the Mormon Church.
That over, he told me to leave my hat, cloak and shoes in that
room ; and taking up my bundle, I went into another room, where I sat
waiting till it came my turn to be washed.
A MORMON: HOME RULER.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 43
One of the women, an officiating high priestess, told me to come
behind the curtain, where I could hear a great deal of splashing and
subdued conversation. I went, and after I was undressed, I had to
step into a long bath, about half full of water, when another woman
proceeded to wash me. I objected strongly to this part of the busi-
ness, but was told to show a more humble spirit. However, when she
got down to my feet, she let me go, and I was turned over to the
woman who had spoken to me first, and whose name was Bethsheba
Smith (one of the widows of Apostle George A. Smith). She wore a
large shiny apron, and her sleeves tucked up above her elbows. She
looked thoroughly like business.
Another woman was standing beside her with a large wooden
spoon and some green olive oil in a cow's horn. This woman poured
the oil out of the spoon into Bethsheba' s, hand, who immediately put
it on my head, ears, eyes, mouth and every part of my body, and as she
greased me, she muttered a kind of prayer over each member of my
body : My head that I might have a knowledge of the truths of God;
my eyes, that I might see the glories of the kingdom ; my mouth, that
I might at all iimes speak the truth; my arms, that they might be
strong in the defense of the gospel, etc. She finally got down to my
feet, which she hoped might be swift in the paths of righteousness and
truth.
She then turned me over to the woman who had washed me, and
who whispered my new and celestial name in my ear. I believe I am
to be called up in the morning of tne resurrection by it It was.
" Sarah." I felt disappointed. I thought I should have received a
more distinguished name. She told me that the new name must never
be spoken, but often thought of, to keep away evil spirits. I should
be required to speak it once that day, but she would tell me in what
part of the ceremony, and that I should never again have to speak it.
She then told me to put on nay garments. These are made in one
piece. On the right breast is a square, on the left a compass, in the
centre a small hole, and on the knee a large hole, which is called the
" Stone." We were told that as long as we kept them on no harm
could befall us, and that when we changed them we were not to take
them all off at once, but slip out a limb at a time and immediately dive
into the clean ones. The neck was never to be cut low, or the sleeves
short, as that would be patterning after the fashions of the Gentiles.
44 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
After this I put on my clotlies and in my stocking feet waited
with those who were washed and anointed until she had finished the
remaining two or three. This done, the little calico curtains were
drawn aside and the men and women stood revealed to each other.
The men looked very uncomfortable, and not at all picturesque. They
only had their garments and shirts on, and they really did seem as
t hough they were ashamed of themselves, as well they might be.
Joseph F. Smith then came to where we were all waiting, and told
us that if " we wanted to back out, now was our time," because we
should not be able afterward, and that we were bound to go right
through. All those who wanted to go through were to hold up their
hands, which of course everyone did, believing that all the good and
holy things that were to be seen and heard were yet to come. He
then told us that if ever any of us attempted to reveal what we saw
apnd heard in the " House," our memories would be blighted, for they
were things too holy to be spoken of between each other, after we had
once left the Endowment House. We were then told to be very quiet
and listen. Joseph F. Smith then went away.
In a few moments we heard voices talking loudly, so that the peo-
ple could hear them in the adjoining room. (I afterward found out in
passing through that it was the prayer circle room). It was supposed
to be conversation between Elohim and Jehovah. The conversation
T^as as. follows :
Elohim to Jehovah : " "Well, Jehovah, I think we will create an
ep.rth ; let Michael go down and collect all the elements together and
fqund one."
Answer : " Yery well ; it shall be done."
Then, calling to another man, we could hear him say :
" Michael, go down and cdllect all the elements together and form
an earth, and then report to us what yon have done."
Answer : " Very well."
The man they called Michael then left the prayer circle room and
came through the room they called the World, into the Garden of
Eden, llie door of which was shut that faced the places where we were
standing, listening and waiting. ' He remained there a second or two,
and everything was quiet. At the end of that time we heard him going
back the same way to where Elohim and Jehovah were waiting. When
he got back he said, " I have collected all the ebments together and
THE MYSTERIES OF MOBMONISH. 45
founded an earth ; what wouldst thou have me do next?" Using the
same formula every time they sent him down to the World, they then
told him to separate the land from water, light from darkness, etc.,
and so they went regularly through the creation, but they always told
him to come up and report what he had done.
When the creation was supposed to be finished, Michael went back
and told them it was very fair and beautiful to look upon. Elohim
then said to Jehovah that he thought ;they had better go down and
have a look at it, which they did and agreed with Michael that it was
a beautiful place ; that it seemed a pity it should be of no particular
use, but thought it would be a good idea to create man to live in it and
cultivate these things.
They then came out of the Garden of Edeii (which was supposed
to have been newly finished), and shutting the door after them came to
•where we were standing. We were then told to shut our eyes, and
Jehovah said to Michael, " Give me a handful of dust and I will create
man." We were then told to open our eyes, and we saw a man that he
liad taken from the crowd, standing beside Jehovah, and to whom
Jehovah said : " I will call thee Adam, for thou shalt be the
iather of all mankind." Jehovah then said ifc was not good for man to
be alone, so he would create a woman and a helpmate for him. We
were again told to close our eyes, and Adam was requested to go to
sleep, which he obligingly did. Jehovah was then supposed to take a
rib from Adam's side and form Eve. We were then told to open our
eyes and look upon the handiwork of the Lord. When we did we saw
a. woman taken from the crowd who was standing by Adam's side.
Jehovah said he would call the woman Eve, because she would be the
mother of all mankind.
The door of the Garden of Eden was then opened, and we all
marched in with our little bundles (the men going first, as they always
take precedence), and we all ranged ourselves round the room on
benches. The four sides of this room are painted in imitation of trees,
flowers, birds, wild beasts, etc. (The artist who painted the room
was evidently more acquainted with whitewashing than painting).
The ceiling was painted blue, dotted over with golden stars ; in the
centre of it was the sun, a little further along, the moon, and all
around were the stars. In each corner was a Masonic emblem. In
one corner is a compass, in another the square, the remaining two
46 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
were the level and the plumb. On the east side of the room, next the-
door, was a printed apple tree, and in the northeast part of the room
was a small wooden altar.
After we had seated ourselves, Jehovah told Adam and Eve that
they could eat of every tree in the garden except of this particular
apple tree, for on the day that they ate of that they should surely die.
He then took his departure, and immediately after in came a very
lively gentleman, dressed in a plain black morning suit, with a little
apron on, a most fiendish expression on his face, and joyfully rubbing
his hands. This gentleman was supposed to be " the demon." Cer-
tainly his appearance made the supposition quite easy ; by-the-bye, I
have since seen that same gentleman administering the Sacrament in
the Tabernacle on Sundays. He went up to Eve and remarked that it
was a very beautiful place, and that the fruit was so nice, would she
like to taste one of those apples ? She demurred a little, and said she
was told not to, and therefore musn't. But he pretended to pluck one
of the painted apples and give it to her, and she pretended to eat it.
He then told her to ask Adam to have some, and she did. Adam ob-
jected strongly to tasting, knowing the penalty, but Eve eventually
overcame his scruples, saying: "Oh, my dear, they're so nice, you.
haven't any idea ; and that nice old gentleman here (pointing to the
demon) says that he can recommend them and you need not be afraid
of what Jehovah says."
Adam consented, and immediately after he said, " Oh, what have
I done, and how foolish I was to listen to you !" He then said that he
could see himself, and that they kad no clothes on, and they must sew
some fig-leaves together. Every one then made a dive for his apron
out of the little bundles. This apron is a square half yard of green
silk with nine fig-leaves worked on it in brown sewing silk. A voice
was then heard calling for Adam, who pretended to hide, when in came
Jehovah. He gave Adam a good scolding, but finally told him that he
would give him certain instructions, whereby he would have a chance
to regain the presence of his Father after lie ^as driven out into the
world. These instructions consisted of grips, etc., and the garments-
he wore would protect him from all evil. (Mormons say of these gar-
ments that the pattern was revealed direct from heaven to Joseph
Smith, and are the same as were originally worn by Adam).
They then put on their caps and moccasins, the women's cap*
VKBILY, HE WAS IN LUCK.
A CANDIDATE FOR ADMISSION.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 4=7
being made of Swiss muslin, one yard square, rounded at one corner so
as to fit the head, and with strings on it which tie under the chin. The
moccasins are made of linen or calico. The men's are made exactly
like those of pastry cooks, with a bow on the right side. I should
here mention before I go further, that Bethsheba Smith and one of the
priests enacted the parts of Adam and Eve, and so stood sponsors for
the rest of us, who were individually supposed to be Adams and Eves.
They then proceeded to give us the first grip of the Aaronic or .
Lesser Priesthood, which consists on putting the thumb on the »
knuckle of the index finger, and clasping the hands round. "We were >
then made to swear "To obey the laws of the Mormon Church and i
all they enjoin, in preference to those of the United States." The pe^
alty for revealing this grip and oath is, that you will have your throat '
cut from ear to ear, and your tongue torn from your mouth, and the '
sign of the penalty is drawing the hand with the thumb pointing toward
the throat sharply across, and bringing the arm to the level of the ,
square, and, with the hand upraised to heaven, swearing to abide the :
same.
We were then driven out of this into the room called the world,
where there were three men standing at a small altar on the east side
of the room, who were supposed to represent Peter, James and John,
Peter standing in the centre. He was supposed to have the keys of
heaTen. Men representing (or trying to) the different religious sects,
then came and presented their views, and said they wanted to try and
save those fallen children. In doing this they could not refrain from
exaggerating and coarsely satirizing the different sects they repre-
sented.
Then the demon came in and tried to allure the people, and bust-
ling up to the altar, Peter said to him : "Hello, Mr. Demon, how do
you do to-day ! It's a very fine day, isn't it ? "What have you come
after ?" The demon replied that he didn't seem to take to any of these
*o-called Christian religions, why didn't they quit bothering after any-
thing of the kind, and live a life of pleasure, etc. ? However, he was
told to go, and that quickly.
Peter then gave the second grip of the Aaronic or Lesser Priest-
hood, which consists of putting the thumb between the knuckles of the
index and second fingers, and clasping the hand around. The penalty
for revealing this is to be sawn asunder, and our members cast into the
48 THE MYSTERIES OF MO R MONISM.
The sign of the penalty was drawing the hand sharply across the
middle of the body. To receive the grip we had to put on our robes,
which consists of a long, straight £iece of cloth reaching to our feet,
doubled over and gathered very full 6n the shoulder and round the
waist. There was also a long, narrow piece of cloth tied around the
waist called " the sash." It was placed on the right shoulde^. to
receive this grip. The people wear their aprons over it. The men
then took the oath of chastity and -the women the same; they don't
consider polygamy at all unchaste, t>ut said that it was a heaven-
ordained law, and that a man, to be exalted in the world to come, must
Lave more than one wife. The women then took the oath of obedience
to their husbands, having to look up to them as their gods. It is not
—possible for a woman to go to heaven, except through her husband.
Then a man came in and said that the Gospel (which during those
few minutes' intervals had lain dormant for eighteen hundred years)
had been again restored to earth, and that an angel had revealed it to
a young boy named Joseph Smith, and that all the gifts, blessings and
prophecies of old had been restored with it, and this last revelation
was to be called the Latter-day Dispensation. The priests pretended
joyfully to accept this, and said it was the very thing they were in
search of, nothing else having had the power to satisfy them.
They then proceeded to give us the first grip of the Melchizedek
or Higher Priesthood. The thumb is placed on the knuckle of the
index finger, and the index finger is placed straight along the palm of
the hand, while the lower part of the hand is clasped with the remain-
ing fingers. The robe for this grip was changed from the right to the
left shoulder. We were then made to swear to avenge the death of
Joseph Smith, the martyr, together with thai of his brother, Hiram,
on this American nation, and that we would teach our children and
children's children to do so. The penalty for this grip and oath was
disembowelment.
We were then marched into the northeast room (the men, of
course, always going first) designated the prayer circle room. We
were here made to take an oath of obedience to the Mormon priesthood.
And now the highest or grand grip of the Melchizedek priesthood
was given. We clasped each other round the hand with the point of
the index finger resting on the wrist, and little fingers firmly linked
together.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 49
The men then formed a circle round the altar, linking tfa.eir arms
straight across and placed their hands on one another's shoulders.
<*The priest knelt at the altar and took hold of one of the nien's hands
•and prayed. He told us that the electric current of prayer passed
through that circle, and that was the most efficatious kind of prayer.
The women stood outside the circle with their vails covering their
faces, the only time throughout the ceremony that they did so.
^Fhe prayer over, they all trooped up the. staircase on the nortk
,*ide of the house, into the room called the Instruction Boom, where
the people sat down on benches on the west side of the room, tracing
•them about midway between floor and ceiling was a wooden beam that
Went across the room from north to south, and from which was sus-
|>ended a dirty-looking piece of what was once white calico. This was
called " The Vail," and is supposed to be in imitation of the one in
Solomon's Temple. On this vail are marks like thowe on the garments*
together with extra holes for putting the arms through, and a hole at
<the top to speak through. But before going through the vail, we re-
ceived a general outline of the instructions we had received down
.stairs. This over, the priest took a man to the vail to one of the open-
ings, where he knocked with a small wooden mallet that hung on the
wooden support. A voice on the other side the vail (it was supposed
fto be Peter's) asked who was there, when the priest answering for the
man, said : " Adam, having been faithful, desires to enter." The priest
•then led the man up to the west side of the vail, where he had to put
his hands through and clasp the man, or Peter (to whom he whispered
Jris new name, and the only one he ever tells, for they must never tell
their celestial names to their wives, although the wives must tell theirs
to their husbands), through the holes in the vail. He was then allowed
to go through to the other side, which was supposed to be heaven, and
ihis is where a strong imagination might be of some use, for anything
- more unlike heaven I can't conceive. The man having got through, he
went to opening No. 2, and told the gatekeeper to call for the woman
he was about to marry, telling him her name. She then stepped up to
the vail. They could not see each other, but put their hands through
the openings, one of their hands on each other's shoulders and the
other around the waist.
With hands so fixed, the knees were placed within each other, the
feet, of course, being the same, the woman's given name was then
THE MYSTERIES 01-' MORMONISM.
whispered through the vail, then her new and celestial name, the
priestess who stood by to instruct the woman told them to repeat after
her a formula or oath. The last and highest grip of the i&elchizedek
priesthood was then given through the vail.
They then released their hold of each other, and the priestess,
taking the woman to opening No. 2, knocked the same as they did at
the men's entrance, ;:nJ. the gatekeeper having asked " Who is there,'*
and the priestess having replied, "Eve, having been faithful in all
things, desires to enter." Eve was accordingly ushered into heaven. ,
Before I go farther, I must tell how they believe the entrance into
heaven is to be gained on the morning of the resurrection. Peter will
call up the men and the women (for it is not possible for a woman to
be resurrected or exalted in heaven unless some man takes pity on her
and raises her). If the marks on the garment are found to correspond
with those on the vail (the dead are buried in the whole paraphernalia)
if you can give the grips and tokens, and your naw name, and are
dressed properly in your robes ; why, then, one ha.j a sure permit to
heaven, and will pass by the angels (who thoy suppose are to be only
ministering servants) to a more exalted glory; the more wives theyr
they think, the higher their glory will be.
To resume : After we got through, we saw Joseph F. Smith sitting
at a table recording the names of those who were candidates for mar-
riage. He wrcte the names in a book (the existence of which marriage
register this truthful apostle nas since denied, so that a polygamous-
marriage could net be found out), and then he wrote the two names-
on a slip of paper, to be taken into the sealing room to the officiating
priest, so that he mij^ht know whom he was marrying. After having;
given this slip of paper to the priest (Daniel H. Wells), we knelt at a
little wooden altar (they are all alike in the Endowment House). He
then asks the man if he is willing to take the woman to wife, and the
woman if she is willing to take him for a husband. They both h;<ving^
answered yes, he tells the man that he must look to God, but the
woman must look to her husband as her god, for if he lives his religion
the spirit of God will bo in him, and she must therefore yield him
unquestioning obedience, for he is a god unto her, and then concludes;
by saying that he having authority from on high to bind and loose
here upon earth, and whatsoever he binds here shall be bound in
heaven, seals the man and woman for time and all eternity.
A "CULLUD" MORMON.
THE MYSTERIES OF MOBMO&I8M.
He then tells tlie man and woman to kiss each other across che-
altar, the man kneeling on the north side and the woman on the south,
and so it is finished. Sometimes they have witnesses, sometimes not ;,
if they think any trouble may arise from a marriage or that the woman-
is inclined to be a little perverse, they have no witnesses, neither do.
they give marriage certificates, and if occasion requires it, and it is to
shield any of their polygamous brethren from being found out, they
will positively swear that they did not perform any marriage at all, so*
that the women in this church have but a very poor outlook for being;
considered honorable wives.
When the marriage ceremony was over we came out of the "sealing
room." I crossed into the ladies' dressing room, where, after having.
dressed and my husband paid the fees, we took our departure.
It was 3:30 P. M. when we left, I having gone there at 8 o'clock in
the morning. You can probably imagine how fatigued one feels, after
listening patiently all the time to their incessant talking. I should,,
perhaps, have remarked before that the priests, when going through
the House, wear their ordinary clothing, and come straight into the
" House of the Lord " with their dirty boots on, as though they had
just come off a farm, while we poor sinners were obliged to walk in our
stocking feet lest the floor should be defiled.
People are generally baptized a day or two before they go through
the " House.? I was baptized the night before. On this same even-
ing I was told that, as I was going through the "House " on the fol-
lowing day, I must pay the very strictest attention to everything I
should see and hear, as it would be for my benefit hereafter. I was-
obedient in that respect, for I remember everything that happened as.
•vividly as though it were yesterday, and if it has not been for my ben-
efit, I hope that this book may prove of some use in warning and
enlightening people as to that most horrid blasphemy, jargon and
mummery that goes on in that most sacred " House of the Lord."
52 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
CHAPTER XI.
MORMON WIVES.
The most fascinating portion of Mormonism to the general outsider
is undoubtedly that in which the Mormon women are concerned. The
condition of the Mormon wife has been frequently described by both
sides. Let these facts from experience speak for themselves.
As a general thing women are wooed in Utah the same as else-
where. At the same time there is a class of girls who cast about and
pick up a husband for themselves. When I say a husband I mean a
husband, for they prefer to see how a man treats his wife and the style
in which he supports her before they marry him. They don't care to
experiment with a single man. They select a man of wealth, and by
means of the confessional of which I have spoken, or otherwise, it is
made known to him that he must marry a certain girl. It is only just
to the Mormon women at large to say that this sort of girl is in the
minority. Polygamy compels her to remain respectable in spite of
herself, for nowhere is a lapse from virtue more condemned than
among the Mormons, and the infidelity of a wife is punished by the
loss of caste and complete social banishment. A woman can only be
married to one man at a time. Divorce is within easy reach, but to
the husband de facto and pro tern, she must remain true. A case
occurred within my knowledge which, though painful, had its amusing
side.
A man had a wife. Both believed polygamy was right, but when
the husband put it into practice and brought home a younger and
handsomer bride, the first wife found it hard to bear. There are cer-
tain things very galling about this Mormon custom. The first wife is
expected to treat the new comer as a welcome guest, and if not in good
circumstances she must resign her sleeping apartment to her — there's
no humiliation spared the supplanted wife. She must not only get
down from her own throne, but she must place her rival upon it ; all
of which the wife did of whom I tell you. She set her teeth so hard
that no murmur escaped them, and became what Mormon women all
think the Lord intended they should be, martyrs. The second wife
was a pretty, addle-pated little creature, who had only married Mr.
Black for the sake of a home, without caring for him in the least, while
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 53
the first wife loved him devotedly. All went quietly for a time, till
Mr, Black attained the grand object of a Mormon's ambition. He was
given what they call a mission ; that is, he was sent abroad to prose-
lyte. In his absence the two wives lived together, and the second wife
attracted the attention of an inferior man.
The first wife was all amiability to the second wife, especially
when the inferior gentleman called. She discreetly withdrew, and
never seemed aware that the two had fallen madly in love with each
other. So matters went on until the return of the mutual husband-
"Wife No. 2 found a confession obligatory. The husband could not
have been more astonished if the heavens had fallen, and raved more
about a wife's shame and a husband's honor than Othello himself.
"What was to be done ? A husband's honor must not be tarnished, a
wife's faithlessness must be avenged. With a grim smile wife No. 1
saw wife No. 2 driven from home disgraced ; for though the outraged
husband speedily divorced her, the inferior gentleman refused to make
an honest woman of one who had publicly been pronounced the
reverse, and, driven from pillar to post, the poor creature became an
outcast, and so continued until her child became a beautiful and sturdy
boy. Taking him by the hand one day, she went to wife No. 1, and
implored her to take him and rear him properly, "but do not separate
us," she said; "give me shelter too, and I will be your servant, your
willing, uncomplaining slave until death." And so they all live
together, the mother in the kitchen, the son in the parlor, hardly dar-
ing to speak to each other, the divorced wife the hard-driven menial of
the woman whose equal she once was, and the husband, though toler-
atihg her presence for humanity's sake, never permitting her to speak
to him.
I was invited once to dine in Salt Lake City and was introduced to a
gentleman. We will call him Jones. I was also introduced to twr
ladies named Jones, but it did not occur to me until I was told after-
ward that they were both married to him. One was passe, proud and
stately in bearing and appearance. The other was young, very pretty,
and seemed to shrink at the sound of the other's voice. She flew to
obey her commands, which consisted of orders to wait on Mr. Jones.
" Emma," she would say, " hand George this, hand George that ; get
George's hat ; get George's cane ; fetch George's gloves," <fec. ^
As I have said before, the first wife is mistress of all the others*
54 THE MYSTERIES OF MOBMONISM.
and they are forced to obey her as abjectively as slaves. Emma wa*
the second wife of Jones, and the wife ruled her with a rod of iron.
There was no tyranny she did not inflict upon her, no mean, merciless
grinding under foot that she did not exercise. Jones left them to fight
it out. So hideous was the first wife's treatment of the second that
she finally went crazy, and had to be confined in an asylum. Mrs*
Jones the first urbanely gave Mr. Jones permission to bring home any
number of young and pretty wives, but at latest dates he had not
availed himself of her kindness.
Fighting it out reminds me of a young fellow who had a pretty
young wife, but soon began to pay his addresses to a young lady. He
took the latter on a little excursion, on which, as it happened, his wife
had gone. They met, and, as the wife had had no intimation of what
he was contemplating, she began to make a scene, just as a Gentile
wife would. He hurried both ladies into a room in a rustic hotel oi^>
the pretext of talking it over quietly. As soon as he got them there he
slipped out, locked them in, and gave orders below that no one shoul<|
let them out or pay any attention to their cries for assistance. The
day went on, and the husband enjoyed himself, but the women fough^
and stormed and went into hysterics and fainted and recovered awf*
finally got air fully hungry. In vain they shouted and begged to be
release^. Then they wept and made up, and when the husband came
and demanded through the keyhole if they were good friends an(|
would like something to eat, they both said " Yes :' meekly to all hi^
questions. Then he unlocked the door, and they went and had a cosey
little dinner together, and when he married the young lady they were
all happy ever after, that is if you can believe the husband and the
priests.
These sensible marriages are not always so arbitrarily made,
though. I knew two schoolmates who vowed that nothing would ever
part them — neither marriage nor death. When one received an eligi-
ble offer of marriage she would only accept it on condition that her
husband should marry her friend before the honeymoon was over. He
promised, hoping that she would change her mind, but she did not?
and in three weeks' time there was a second wedding. The two friends
were thus happily united for life. Truly the ways of Mormon womea
pass all understanding. I knew one man who married two sisters at
the same time, one ceremony sufficing to make him the husband of both.
THE WIVES OP A WEALTHY MOJtMON.
THE WIVES OF A POOR MOEMON.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 55
Although all women work in the Territory, their work is seldom
of a character to increase wealth, and, as each wife must have her sep-
arate rooms or house and a stipulated allowance to live upon, it can
readily be seen that polygamy was an ingenious device to keep men
from amassing wealth. I remember well a case in point. The editor
of a certain paper was allowed to live in peace and happiness with his
only wife until the growing influence of the journal and the emoluments
therefrom attracted Brigham's attention. The editor was informed one
day that he had too long neglected the religious rites of the church —
that he must take another wife. The editor did not want to, and, as
may be supposed, ne'ther was his wife anxious that he should. But
there was no resisting Brigham. It must be done. The wife and hus-
band were tenderly attached. They desired to keep their means for
the education and future maintenance of their only son, but their pri
vate wishes availed nothing. A young girl was selected as the second
wife, and a wing was built to their house. The wife fell sick with
grieving and with jealous torture. As she lay for weeks on her bed she
could hear the hammering going on, and listened with the same feel-
ings that a condemned man hears the erection of the scaffold on which
he is to be executed. But being a true Mormon, and believing like her
Tiusband that he was only performing a religious duty, she prayed for
resignation and submission. She succeeded so well that she was able
io attend the wedding, and give the bride away, as it were, but after
that matters did not work well. Although the first wife tried hard to
keep the peace, the second wife was a virago, and jealous of the love
that the husband had evidently not transferred.
For some time the two wives lived, one in one wing of the house,
the other in the other. They would meet in the back yard, common to
Tjoth, several times daily, but without speaking. After the birth of a
son to the second wife, her temper, because she could not entirely sup-
plant the first wife, became so unbearable that the unlucky editor
implored Young to grant him a divorce. After that the second wife
went to what is popularly known as the bad. The husband induced
lier to give the child into the keeping of the first wife. The two boys
have been reared as brothers, and no other wife has since disturbed
the harmony of the little household.
., Divorce is granted for infidelity and ill-treatment. In church
divorces the defendant is generally reprimanded for the first offence.
66 THE MYSTEltlLti OF MUltMOXISX.
A Mormon is not granted a divorce except for good cause, and being,
simply tired of a woman is not considered sufficient, but no Mormon
of influence is unable to obtain a divorce, cause or not, if lie wants it
As the Mormons are a most prolific people, every divorced woman
having two or three children by a different husband, and the husband
having so many children by different wives, their relations sometimes
get so mixed that no one could understand them. One man I was
acquainted with married a divorced woman with three little girls, all
under the age of seven. When the girls grew up he married all three,,
thus becoming the husband of four women, though he had but one
mother-in-law, that mother-in-law being his own wife. But this i&
easy compared to some of their problems of relationship, which they
almost go crazy themselves trying to work out. Here, for example :
A man married a woman with a daughter nearly grown. When she
reached vomanhpod, she was married to the father of her mother's
husband, making him his step-daughter's step-son, and when a son.
was b:;rn to the father, the mother's husband became half brother to
his own grandchild. The original pair also had a child — but this is-
getting so mixed, like everything else in Utah, that I leave it to wiser
heads than mine to work out.
Of the men who first went to the Territory it is estimated that-
they averaged forty children each. Orson Pratt, when I last saw him,.
was about 80 years of age. He had more wives than any of them. Oa
a little farm about fifteen miles from Salt Lake City, I saw his last wife.
She was a fine woman, about 28 years of age, with three or four little
towheaded children running about. She was terribly ignorant, while
he was the most learned man in the Territory. Coming into the city
the same day, I met three beautifully dressed, and, I was informed,,
finely educated elderly ladies. They were pointed out to me as Orson
Pratt's wives. A day or two after I got into a street car. It was so-
loaded down entirely by ladies that I had to stand. They were all
Orson Pratt's wives. A few of them went on an excursion one day,
leaving the children behind. There were four wagon loads of Orson.
Pratt's wives, and I began to think they were as countless as the sands
of the seashore.
While old men invariably select young women as wives, they often
make a concession to a daughter and marry her mother at the same
time, so as not to separate them, and a young man will often take
THE MORMON REBECCA,
I
THE MYSTERIES OF MOEMONISM. * «T ' 3
mother and grandmother along with the daughter. Literally in Utah
men frequently marry a: whole family. A wife getting old is 6ften gla<l '"*
id have her husband marry her daughter by another husband; so that '
the original wife may not be ousted from her privileges and a comfort- *
able home. * • .
It is a custom in Utah to call a woman after her husband's first
name, in order to distinguish her. For instance, : the wife of John "•
Young is called Libbie* John, and not Mrs. John Young.- Brigham had
only two sons by his first wife, Brigham and this John, the Jroungest, ^
No fairy prince in the "Arabian Nights" was ever handsomer than >
John. He was the one who went East, renounced Mormonism, and '
divorced two wives for the sake of marrying the daughter of a Phila^ "
delphia physician.
Up to a certain point the history of John and iLibbie is well
known; how she separated from him when, violating his promise to '
have no wife but her, he married again. As she is stillhis wife, he '
supports her, she going backward and forward between the States and
the Territory to meet him. She has obtained a great deal of praise for •
her spirited action in leaving him, and sympathy for her grief ; but she
is only suffering what his other wives suffered, and as he divorced
them for her sake, what fealty could she have expected from such a
man.
I remember one day sitting with a lady, when a neighbor rushed
in breathless with a piece of news. " Oh, Mrs. S !" she exclaimed,
" do you know your husband is married to Mollie — — ?"
"Indeed !" said my friend.
"Yes, and what's more, he has been married to her for some
time."
" Well," replied the wife, " I hope he treats her like a lady, for she
is a very nice girl."
The news was premature, for the husband was only paying atten-
tion to her, and Laving obtained the first wife's consent, he married
her. They lived like two sisters. The man owned a small farm, and
one day he had a paralytic stroke, and could no longer take care of it, -
so the women managed it and took care of him, and when he died it
was divided equally between them. " Now, how much nicer this is,'*
said the widows, "than to have let the property go out of the family ••;
because we could not get along together !"
58 THE MYSTERIES OF MORHONISM.
The readiness with which some Mormon women acquiesce in tho
Betting up of a rival to them in their husbands' affections is explicable
upon the ground of superstition alone. The really devoted Mormons
believe that those who do not practice polygamy are wrong, and not
they ; and they, especially the women, are fond of inveighing against
the immorality of the States— the flirtation and worse of Gentile wives,
and the unfaithfulness of Gentile husbands.
One part of :their religion speciously appeals to the superstitious,
credulous element in woman's nature. It is that no woman can enter
the kingdom of heaven unless as the wife of some man ; hence old
maids are scarce in Utah. If a woman is resolutely opposed to matri-
mony and especially polygamy, sealing overcomes the difficulty. Seal-
ing constitutes a nominal marriage, and also helps a woman financially,
for a husband is bound to do something for every one of his sealed
wives, if it is but to send her a pound of tea weekly. I know three old
maids — the eldest is about 80. They weave rag carpets for a living,
and are all sealed to the same man, who furnish their groceries and in-
sures their entrance into heaven. If an old rnaid has neglected to be
sealed, and she is on her death bed, some neighbor will be hurriedly
sent for to be sealed to her. The ceremony is simple, consisting of a
few words and a little anointing with oil.
Neither falsehood or concealment is necessary to a Mormon in
making his plural union. Number one is taken into his confidence
from the beginning, and her consent respectfully requested to every
subsequent marriage is a formality never dispensed with. Until she
is too old to hold her own at all, she is the head and ruler of the bevy
of wives. Every wife is given so much and no more of the husband's
time and money, thus preventing jealousy and dispute. He spends a
week with one, a week with another, or less time if his wives be many.
If he takes a fancy to remain longer than the allotted time woe be to
him, for all the other wives rise up as one united injured woman, and
make it lively for him. You see, it may not always be practicable for
one wife to make a husband toe the mark, but a dozen, more or less,
find it no trouble whatever.
One singular thing in Mormon families is the perfect good feeling
which invariably exist among the children. They never quarrel, as
step-sisters and brothers do in the States, for tbcy are early tanght
that their rights are equal and respect them, their common father tak-
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 59
jug care to show no more favoritism among his children than among his
wives. I was often amused at these same Mormon children. They
irould come in and say, "Mother, Polly So-and-so is going to be mar-
jried to Mr. What's-his-name. She's going in fifth, or ninth, or
eleventh/' »s the case might be. And then mother and children would
sit and discuss the news as a Christian family would talk about a
wedding next door.
CHAPTER XII.
MEN WITH MANY WIVES.
I have alluded to the wife who obtained a divorce from Brig-
iam Young. Ann Eliza. She was a thorough Mormon, ambitious and
intriguing for power. She wanted the glory of being one of Brig-
liam's wives, and divorced a husband in order to reign supreme over
his vast estates and many wives. Brigharn, however, was enamored of
Ajnelia, and was wooing her. Now the Mormon women have a sort
of confessional, in the sacred precincts of which they may safely con-
fide their desire to marry a certain man, who is thereupon informed
of the wish by the pious go-between, and the gentleman can hardly
refuse. Ann Eliza would not take no for an answer — and no Brigham
did say to her, I know for a certainty — so she became the nineteenth
wife. He made Eliza's honeymoon as brief as possible, and hurried
to Amelia again.
Eliza, like all the rest of his wives, was given a choice of resi-
dence. She selected a pretty little well-stocked farm about four
miles from Salt Lake City. She struggled hard for the office of
queen bee, but there is no such sinecure. She was so nettled at
Brigham's infrequent and quite ceremonious calls that she took a dis-
like to her farm, and thought that if she were to get within the city
limits she would get more chance at him, so she teased and tortured
him until he gave her a house in town. It was a very comfortable,
commodious dwelling, very roomy, and well adapted for a boarding
house.
By this time the Gentiles had overrun the Mormon fastnesses,
and where the American goes there the boarding house follows. The
nineteenth wife could not become the power behind the throne, so
60 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISll.
she resolved to open a boarding house. Brigham thought it beneatht
the dignity of his wife, infinitesimally speaking, to keep a boarding-
house, but she pestered him so he consented.* He had married her
to get rid of her, and, not succeeding, he thought the boarding 'housd-
would quiet her. She took in some Gentiles who backed her in operi
rebellion, wrote her lecture, and started her lecturing. This was the
inner life of Brigham and Eliza.
Amelia Folsorn, her successful rival, was the closest approach to
a boss Brigham Young ever had. She is a native of Portsmouth, New
Hampshire. She is tall, well formed, 'with light hair and gray eyes,
and regular features, and has but little refinement of manner. When
at the theatre sitting in the king's box with her husband, the ob-
served of all observers, she may be seen eating apples, throwing the
skins about, chatting with Brigham, and occasionally leveling her
glass at some one in the assembly. She plays and sings with indifferent
skill and taste. She was for a long time unwilling to marry the Presi-^
dent, but he was really dead in love with her and continued his suit
till by repeated promises of advancement made to herself and her par-
ents he finally succeeded. For several months he urged his suit, dur-
ing which time his carriage might be seen almost any day standing
at her father's door, for hours at a time.
When he got her he discovered that he had caught a tartar. She
was jealous, fierce and cross-grained, and led him a sorry life in pri-
vate. She was tyrannical, and ruled the women of the harem with &
strong hand. Poor Emmeline, who next preceded Amelia as th&
favorite, was quite broken-hearted. In fact, all the women were un-
happy and miserable. A common remark in reply to the usual saluta-
tion was, "Oh, I've got the blues to-day," and they never got out of
them till death broke the family up and sent Amelia off into re-
tirement.
Brigham had near his house two additional houses, one where
his wive^s and their children lived, and adjoining it a storehouse, where
groceries, clothing and other necessities were dispensed. One after-
noon Brigham was sitting on his stoop, next to Cannon's newspaper
office, talking to Bishop Welles, his principal aide-de-camp, when a
little girl of about seven years approached him and said :
"Please, papa, can I hab a pair ov soo's?"
"Shoes, eh?" answered Brigham.
A WHOLESALE MORMOK.
MADE GOOD USE OP HIS WITHSL
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 61
" Yelh, thir!" said the little one.
'< Well, who's your mamma?" asked Brigham.
" My mamma !" answered the child.
"Yes, yes, I know ; but what's her name ?" inquired Brigham.
"I guess it's Ellen's child," said Bishop Welles.
"Oh, yes; I believe it is!" said Brigham. Then turning to the-
child he wrote an order :
" Give Sister Ellen's child a pair of shoes, and charge to her ac-
count. B. Y."
It is not uncommon for a woman, who is the lawful wife of a Gen-
tile, to leave her husband and live as a wife of a Mormon. Brigham
Youn£ had a woman in his harem who was the wife of a gentleman in
Boston, and Parley Pratt, once one of the most prominent apostles,
was shot and killed by an enraged husband for taking his wife from
California to Salt Lake City, and there marrying her.
Divorces are granted by the Eirst President. I knew a woman in
Salt Lake City who had been married six times, and all her husbands
were living.
The tendency of polygamy being to immorality generally, I might
refer to indecency in conversation as particularly observed. This oc-
curs with women and children as well as men. Several wives of one
man, with their children present, have been known to indulge in such
indecent conversation as would bring the blush to the face of a modest
woman if repeated to her alone. The result of this may be seen in
the precociousness of their children in certain ways. Urchins of eight
or nine know more of what tlicy should not know than youths of six-
teen or eighteen in a refined community. They are not only afforded
Opportunities of thus corrupting their minds, but often encouraged to-
do so.
Recently a boy of 16, the leader of a band of highwaymen, after
the perpetration of an atrocious murder, was caught and lynched.
From his childhood the boy was conspicuous for cruelty. Every living
thing that approached him, if it was weaker than he was, suffered. A
well-known Mormon Bishop condoled with the mother, one of the wives
of a leading Mormon. "Do not insult me with your condolence," the
poor woman exclaimed. "It was the poor boy's misfortune, not his
fault. Mor monism is alone to blame. My husband came here to do
business. As soon as he began "to grow rich he was told that Mormon
•62 , THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
patronage would be withdrawn unless lie became a Mormon and took a
second wife. We had been very happy together, but my husband was
tempted by the hope of becoming rich, and he agreed to take a second
wife. She was 'sealed' to him in the Endowment House, and duly in-
stalled in our home. 1 was almost maddened, and, before my boy's
birth, I had no other thought,than the killing of the woman who had
supplanted me. That evil thought marked him for a murderer, and he
is what your church's crime and his father's folly made him."
I accompanied my husband recently on a surveying expedition.
At about sundown one afternoon when we were on the outskirts of a
small settlement a part of the harness on one of our horses broke.
We went to the nearest house to get a tool to repair the harness. In
a room about 18 feet square I saw a rough-looking man, three women
and a number of children, ranging from infants almost to young men
and women. I found that the women were the man's wives and the
mothers of the children. They bore the relations to each other of
grandmother, mother and daughter.
Is it any wonder that Heber C. Kimball used to call the disgraces
to their sex who will submit to such a system as this his
"cows?"
A young girl of Mormonistic parentage observed even noticing a
Gentile is called to a very strict account. A good story is told of
Bret Harte in this connection, which is well worth repeating.
Some twelve years ago Bret was visiting there in company with
'Sam Balston, of San Francisco, and after playing a game of billiards
strolled down the street, intending to visit the theatre and see Lotta,
who was playing that evening. As they came near the theatre Ral-
ston noticed two young ladies who had come up in the stage with
them from Ogden and with whom they had kept up quite a flirtation.
Nudging Bret he raised his hat and said :
" Good evening, ladies, going to see Lotta?" The young ladies
looked at them a minute, when the elder of the two said :
" You will be arrested if you don't look out."
Bret Harte, thinking something in the action of Balston or him-
self had offended them, said :
" Is it customary here to arrest gentlemen because they politely
speak to ladies ?"
" No," said the young lady, " not because they speak to ladies but
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 63
{because they are Gentiles and dare address Joseph Smith's chosen
people."
" Well, then, I'll see Joe ; where is he ?" inquired Bret, not at all
.abashed.
" Sir," said the lady, "there's my father, ask him."
Bret politely bowed to the old hayseed gatherer and said :
" Your daughter informs me that you are one of Joe Smith's peo-
ple. I once knew a Joe Smith at Petoluma, who was one of the best
poker players on the flat, only he lost his ear ringing in a cold deck on
.Tom—"
"Say," broke in the father, "say, young man, I doan't know yer
and I doan't want ter. Joseph Smith, sah, is our Saviour, the same as
yours and — "
" Well, sir, you'll excuse me, I'm sure," exclaimed Bret, " but I'm
d— d if I want to meet your Saviour if he don't save you folks any
better than he seems to."
And grabbing Ralston's arm the author of the " Heathen Chinee "
made a break for the nearest bar-room.
CHAPTER XIII.
A MOBMON WIFE'S STORY.
The following story of the life of a friend of mine, a victim of the
accursed system of polygamy, will be found interesting in its very sim-
plicity. It tells in the plainest language a romance no pen of fiction
could equal in grim, blood-curdling eloquence of facts.
This is the story.
I was born and raised in New York city. When seventeen years
of age a severe attack of lung fever struck me down, so that my life
was despaired of. While lying in this condition a young man who for-
merly worked for my father, but two years before my attack had gone
to Utah, returned to New York and advised me to send for a Mormon
elder, who, he declared, could cure me by the laying on of hands. My
parents were Methodists and considered the advice as an insult, but
in my weak and despairing frame of mind I told the ^jorang man to
bring the Mormon elder. When the elder came he laid his two hands
64 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
on my forehead. Immediately I felt three rigors pass from my
to feet and five minutes afterward I felt entirely recovered.
Firmly impressed that a miracle had been worked on me I felt
that the elder was a man of God and I embraced Mormonism, being
baptized one week after in the river at the foot of Canal street. A few
months after this I was married to William Hunt and together we set-
tled down in New York. We lived very happily together. In the
spring of 1862 the Church Elders wanted us to remove to the land of
Zion. I talked with Mr. Hunt about it ; told him I had heard thai-
men there practiced polygamy and I thought we had better not go. Ho
coincided with me, but the heads of the church said it was our duty
to go, and my husband and I soon consented.
We went overland to Salt Lake City and began life in that place.
Children were born to us until we had seven and they were our de-
light. We prospered in everything that increased our boundless wealth
of happiness. But one day there came a change. William came home
and said that Brigham had ordered him to take another wife.
I almost fainted when he told me this and William declared to me
that he would not go into polygamy.
But I had misgivings and these harassed me by dayand night I
had a servant girl living with me, who came West with us, and as she
was so good to the children I thought a great deal of her. She was
young and I had almost a mother's feeling for her.
William came again to me one day and said that he was endanger-
ing his hope for salvation by refusing to go into polygamy. The
Church teaches that no man can reach the highest happiness here-
after^unless.he shall have had a plurality of wives.. Well, I begged him as
only a loving wife about to lose her idol can, on my knees I implored
kim to leave Utah ; to think of our children, of our love and of the
many days of undisturbed happiness. But he argued with me by
saying that he should obey the ordinance of God ; that if he took
another wife it would not change his old love, that I would always be
first in his heart.
Up to this time I did not suspect whom William was expecting to
marry, but at length when he told me he was about to be sealed to
Jane, my servant girl, I went to her and pleaded with her to give up
the idea. She seemed to feel bad but still declared her love for him.
I did not know what to do. I felt murder in my heart and could have
TOO MUCH MOTEEB-TX-LAV*.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 65
killed both my husband and Jane, but still I loved him with the wild-
est infatuation.
At length the day came for the wedding and I was asked if I de-
sired to witness the marriage ceremony. I said "Yes" and went to the
Endowment House with my brain on fire and so overcome that I
fainted three times in the building before the marriage ceremony was
completed. Just before sealing the two Brigham Young turned to
me and asked :
"Sister Hunt, do you consent to the marriage of your husband to
ihis woman ?"
I replied: "Yes and No."
"This is a very singular answer. What do you mean, sister?"
"I mean that if this is the only way my husband can see God and
attain a blessed life everlasting, then yes ; but speaking from my heart
and with a wife's world of love, I reply no, no, a thousand times ; for
iis life eternal, I can say yes, but if it is my life that depends upon
this issue, I say no ; I would rather abide in hell than have him marry
another woman."
This answer was regarded as a consent and my husband received
a second wife, while my heart perished forever when they were pro-
nounced one.
But the loss of my husband in this manner was but the beginning
of a system of persecution, to which I was a victim for two years. Mr.
Hunt had no sooner taken his new and young wife home than he be-
gan to despise me. The girl too, a wife jointly with me, turned against
me. One week after the marriage, as we were walking together, I
asked Jane why she treated me so coldly. She replied :
"It is because I hate you, and I hate you because you are the wife
of Mr. Hunt."
This new wife of William's adopted a new life ; instead of working
as before marriage, she assumed the mistresship, and I had to perform
all the labor that was not done by my children. Daily I was the en-
forced witness of their love-making — the new wife on the knee and in
the embrace of my husband. I was not allowed any privileges, and my
children were thrust aside by their father and Jane. We had frequent
brawls, and many times my husband has struck me down with his fist.
At length ray burden of trouble had become so great that I resolved to
commit suicide.
66 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
In pursuance of this resolve I went to a drug store and purchased
twenty-five cents worth of laudanum. The druggist seemed to suspect
my motives, for he asked me what I wanted the drug for. I replied
that it was for a sore throat. He then insisted on mixing some tinc-
ture of myrrh with it, and then, taking the bottle, I went into a sun-
flower patch and drank the contents. When I realized my deed, I
knelt down and poured my soul out in prayer for forgiveness. I then
went home, and as I reached the door my youngest little girl came
running toward me crying, and said :
"Oh, mamma, Tse so dad you tome ; papa won't dive me any dinna
aid I'se so hungy."
I saw Mr. Hunt and his wife sitting at the table eating by them-
,elves, while my children were driven into the garden. My God ! said
T, what have I done ! What a coward I have been to kill myself and
leave these children without one to love them. I had not been in the
house more than five minutes when I began to feel tLe effects of the
laudanum. I asked Jane if she would be a mother to my children if I
lied.
"No, never ; I will have nothing to do with your brats," she
replied.
I then more fully realized the enormity of my crime, and I prayed
that my life might be spared for my children's sake. But the deadly
drug began to do its work ; my head was bursting, my eyes were turn-
ing inward, while my ears were assailed with the most deafening
noises, cannons firing, drums beating, fiends shouting, water roaring,.
j,nd a confusion of noises which tore my brain as with re-hot pincers.
Still I was conscious. I could still hear Jane crying :
"Oh, she is dying ; go for the Elder !"
But my husband only cursed me and said, "I hope she will
4ie."
He demanded of me to know what I had taken, but I refused to
tell him. When I became unconscious at last, they found the empty
bottle in my pocket, and then I was put to bed by Jane (my husband
cursing me all the time). I drank two teacupfuls of soft soap grease,,
which proved an emetic that saved my life.
When I recovered my husband continually upbraided me on my
unsuccessful attempt at suicide, saying he wished I would complete
the job, and so exasperated me that at length I again resolved to do
AT LAST THE BODY SAT UP.
SHE DESCENDED FROM THE TABLE WITH HER GRAVE CL.OTHES ON.
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 67
t
the deed ; but when about to execute the act a voice sounded in my
ear, saying, ""Wait."
I did not understand the warning, but obeyed.
That warning saved me from a suicide's grave. It gave me
strength to live for my children, and I have borne it all. Two years
ago my husband rented a house for himself and Jane, and I have never
lived with them since. Jane, three weeks after giving birth to a child,
left him, and he is now a drunkard on the. streets of Salt Lake City, an
object of pity. I have no further feeling but pity for him, for God has
made him suffer, and time makes all things even. Twice have attempts
been made on my life by the Danites for revealing the secrets of poly-
gamy, but a higher power has sustained, me. No human being ever
suffered more than I. May God give me recompense !
This story I have necessarily summarized, but it is bad enough,
and yet it is a story that will describe the lives of nearly every poly-
gamist's wife.
CHAPTER XIV.
THE DOOM OF MOBMONISM.
Since the death of Brigham Young there has been a great change
in the church government. During his life everything appertaining to
the sect was tributary to him, especially the revenue. Now, however,
the financial government is entrusted to four elders of the church.
John Taylor, president of the church and successor to Brigham Young,
has accomplished a reorganization and now confines the duties of pres-
ident to theological management, leaving the commerce to business
men. Taylor is a very clever old man, nearly eighty years of age, and
always makes a good impression on those who visit him. Last year
he took another wife in the person of a widow named Barrett. This
lady is a native of England and became a convert several yeais ago.
She came to Utah with five hundred other proselytes and brought with
her $750,000, which she realized from the sale of her estates in England,
This large sum of money waa a morsel after which Brigham thirsted
mightily and he courted the widow by day and night, inside and out-
side the Temple ; but she wouldn't wed him because there came to
ner ears many stories concerning the ill-treatment of women in the
08 THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM.
presidential harem. Taylor, however, conducted a more successful
siege, for, after battering the widow's ramparts for onejear, she capit-
ulated and the twain are now nine — the president having had seven
*ives before he took Mrs. Barrett.
The church is now in a flourishing condition, with a tithing collec-
tion of $1,000,000 annually and an increase of from fifteen hundred to
twenty-five hundred annually in church membership. Idaho and Mon-
tana are peopling rapidly with Latter Day Saints, too.
John Taylor, who i» an Englishman as I have already said, suc-
ceeded to Brigham Young's office in 1877. But the man who really
rules the 120,000 Mormons in Utah is 'George L. Cannon. Cannon is
an Englishman, too, has sat in Congress as territorial delegate from
Utah and is the Mormon attorney at Washington. He is a shrewd
and able man, who with the same opportunity would more than rival
Brigham Young as a leader.
But his opportunity is gone.
The opening of the Pacific road has been the first step toward the
overthrow of Mor monism. The Latter Day Saints no longer live in-
trenched beyond the reach of the government whose laws they violate,
but are surrounded by settlements and within easy reach of an army.
It was a part of the policy of the late President Garfield to open
an active campaign against the Mormon infamy and his successor has
adopted the same purpose. President Arthur in his inaugural message
painted Mormonism out as an evil calling loudly for reform and in the
present state of popular opinion in regard to it it cannot be very long
before it is takeii sternly in hand.
How soon that will be it is difficult to prophecy, but the black
outrage of Mormonism cannot continue unmolested many years longer.
The people are awakening and crying out for justice against it,, and
when the American people wake and cry for justice they generally
get it.
That the Mormons will offer any active resistance to Government
interferenco with tlioir loathsome\ practices it is difficult to believe.
Their fanaticism is savage, but their leaders havo bruins and it is
scarcely probably that they would invite utter ruin by violence, when
"by submitting 1 > authority they know must eventually overpower
THE MYSTERIES OF MORMONISM. 69
them they can save their hoarded v^ealth. at the expense of a sover-
eignty they cannot continue to wield for another generation.
% In a recent article on this subject an able writer entitled his essaj
"The Mormon at Bay/'
That term exactly specifies the present condition of the foul creed
founded by Joe Smith and Sidney Rigdon.
It is at bay, like some obscene monster which the hunters hare"
encompassed. Civilization has surrounded it and is closing in upon
it. The hands of all decent men are raised against it and it can only
Await its deathblow with what philosophy it may command.
When it is hurled to ruin there will fall the most monstrous struc-
ture of fraud and infamy cemented by the blood of sacrifice ever
reared in the history of the world and a creed of lust that transforms
-a vast stretch of our continent into a community of prostitution, and
physical and mental debasement will become the by-word for iniquity
it is still a triumphant monument to.
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Maud Stuart.
Lizzie Fietcher. Maggie Mitchell,
•"lorence Miller.
Duchess of Lelnster
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Elsie Cameron
Lelia Farrell. Minnie Palmer.
itta Martens (2),
Lilian Price
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Miss Jerome,
Frankie Kemble (2), H. Dauvray Ward.
Laura Russell,
Agnes De LaPorte
4
Helen Dacre.
Louise Kerker (2). Maude Wentworth.
Marion Roberts,
Marion Edgecombe
A
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Belle Archer.
Lurline Birdsall,
Agnes Evans, Adelaide Emerson, Hope Temple.
Cora Tinnie. Florence St. John, Maude Granger,
MIle.Dauvray
Miss Tua
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Edith Chester,
Marion Percy, Maud Harrison, J
iate Forsyrhe,
Mrs. Scott Slddona
Helen Barry.
Anna t
Cormne,
Lillian Grubb.
Julia Marlowe
Emma Thursby
Kate Davis
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Leslie Chester.
Ada McDonald,
May Wheeler (2),
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Jennie McNulty,
Lilly Post. 1;;:;; j«'
Miss Crouzet.
Ella Weatnerbee,
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Edith Merrill
Letty Lind, ^jiMljjI^j^f
Estelle Clayton.
Marie Prescott.
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Marie Tempest
Miss Parr. liil- : i;x^M
Miss Van Osten.
Katherine Lynn,
Miss Engle
Emily Rigl,
Isabelle Evessoi
i.Bella Raymond,
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Pearl Ardine
Miss Bice. IEP€^£^;'^^
Miss Saroitat.
Mrs. L Eidridge,
4
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Mile. Bad.)
Miss Elvin,
Flora Hendersoi
i Miss Fortescue,
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Mile. De Marsy
Mrs. Hauer, ri;^l:":l;:i3Sl^fe. : ::a^1 ":': •-::;;i^-; •
Pauline Hall.
Florence Dysart,
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Lizzie Fleury
Amy Roche, liiilriiiiJi^^BBI^^ HKr* ''•;
Mollie Fuller,
La Belle Fatima.
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Violet Cameron.
Cornalba. '''"'^JEJ^^
Seiina Fetter.
Harriet Vernon,
4
Pauline Lucca
Li la Blow r jjll^fc-^ ' ~^-''" RH&- ^~
Sturgis Leath.
Marion Hood,
Louise Thorndyke
Eva Lee " liyevi^fcP^""-'^*"' %§&•• '''••'-
Miss Brewster,
Sara Holmes,
^
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Emma Nevada
Annie Robe,
Marie Jansen,
Isabella Coe.
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Mile Eames,
Annie Irish, r^'''*^3RL-v ~"~-^HHRi^~-'
Cora Tanner.
Xesiafaiistadt,
4
Mile. Nalidji.
Lotta. 1 1'-~ ^^9l^^^£Md|
Jane Hading,
Hilda Thomas,
Mile. Paulette,
Janisch, BttPS^
Louise Lester,
Mile. Darcelle
^
Mile. Carnesi,
Alice Evans I aSff^^^^'^
Louisa Dillon,
Maude Millett,
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Mile. Lehure,
Miss Patrice* ^-
Lillian Olcott.
Mrs. M>.rini
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Mile. Fa Beauty,
Minna (vale ' ! ^ ^^^^^^K~-^.
Marie Halton.
Mrs. Barrington
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Mile. Deharcourt,
Sylvia Grey' l^fewv//---'-'//-- • .-: jtismiTrgfoiaii
Rose Newham.
Miss McNulty
^
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Mile. Dieroza,
Miss Mack.'
Mabel Millette,
Corine Gilchrist
4
Mile Dandeville,
Sadie Martinot. Mrs. Fitzherbert,
Bell Howard.
Mile. Vallier.
Mile. Chassaing.
Mile. Lhery (4),
Clara Louise Kellogg, Geraidine Ulmer (2), Josephine Cameron
Fanny Davenport, Phyllis Broughron, Grace Stewart.
Carrie Godfrey,
Josie Mansfield
H
^
Mile Cobure.
Mrs. Langtry. Florence Ashbrooke,
Miss Ravmond.
Mile. Bertini
4
4
Emmii Carson.
Minnie Madueru, Irene Verona (2), Ciara Dervyra,
Flora Moore,
4 ACTRESSES---IN TIGHTS.
4
4
Pauline Markham,
Anna Boyd (3),
May Bell, Emma Carson, Mile. Bianra,
Elaine Carringford, Maude Granger, Miss Vallos
Kate Uart (2).
Miss Robinson,
4
Clara Terry
Oracle Wilson. Carrie Wilson. :
Ulle. Ferrare
May Livingston,
*
Ruth Stetson (4),
Annie Sutherland, Lelia Farrell (2),
Miss Sheridan
Kitty Wells,
^
^
Mabel Mitchell,
Miss Valles, Agnes Evans,
Forence Girard.
Alice Townsend,
^|x
^
Miss Bell.
Carrie Evlvn,
Mile. Debuege, E. Verge (2), Carrie Andrews (2),
Miss Spiller, Lillian Grubb, Genevieve Brett,
Mile. Germaine,
Marion Manola,
4
~
Erne La Tour,
Grace Huntley Flo Henderson,
aattie Delaro,
Miss Polak,
4
Elsie Gerome,
Jennie Lee Ada Webb,
Vernona Jarbeau,
Mile, Duprey,
4
^
Amy Gordon.
Victorina. Nellie Farren,
Phedora DeGilbert
Elisa Vovel.
^ A
4
Daisy Murdock (2),
Grace Seavey.
Ida Yeararce. Miss Stuard (4), Louise Montague,
Miss Miller. Harriet Vernon, Florence Chester
Miss Venus.
Eunice Vance
4
.
^F
A7inie Suminerville,
Jeannette Larger, Addie Conyers,
Laura Burt.
Annie Bennett
4
4
Fanny Rice.
Jessie West.
Abelonia Barreson, Mile. Dieroza, Lilly Elton (4),
Irene Verona (5). Mile. Volti, Marion Elmore,
4
4
Alice Arnold,
Sylvia Grey, Billie Barlow, Ella Moore,
'4
4 ACTRESSES--- IN COSTUME.
4
^^
Lyiiia Thompson,
Kate Claxton, Marie Finney, 2
(file. Bonnet (2)
Sadie Martinot,
^
^^
Mary Anderson.
Clara Thc.rpe. Sybil Sanderson,
lose Murray
Minnie Palmer,
^^ . •
4
Margaret Mather.
Adelaide Detchon, Mrs. Kendal, ]
^earl Eytinge
Lillian Russell,
Mrs. J. B. Potter (2).
Fannie Bioodgood. Alice Lethbridge, :
darie Roze
Modjeska,
^
Maggie Cline.
Amorita Bonnnella, Marion Hood, ;
^gnes Booth
Clara Morris.
•A
4
Isabella Irving,
Myra Goodwin.
Emily Dagrau. Mrs Bernard Beere, Christine Nillson
Mile. Franciain Maude Richardson, Emma Juch
Helen Weathersby,
Marie Jansen.
4
Katie Seymour,
ROSH Coghian.
Surf Queen Mile. Periane, Mary Moore,
Laura Don Mile. Tanzi, Ella B. Sheridan,
Marie Halton (2),
Dollie Noble.
r
Minnie Jeotlreyg,
Mrs. A. Neilson Mile. Ajour, I
Ellen Terry,
Adelaide Fitz Allen.
; '/// *
9
Catherine Lewis
Mrs. Chanfrau Mile. Pauline, I
)elia Ferrell.
Jeannette BoiiVL-ret.
• 1}
4
Jennie Winston.
Amelia Glover.
Bertha Ricci Mile. Grigolatis, Carrie Tu Tein,
Paola Marie Mile. Carmen. Mahel Hudson. .
Minnie Dupree.
Miss Dunsombe
i%J
jj^
Mrs. J. W. Florence,
Irene Verona. Mile. Nerette, J
larion Pierce,
Soi^.lad Meueudos
^
Annie Pixley,
Isabel Urquhart, Marie Cahill, S
liss Williamson.
Mile. Stewen
\ 4
^
Theo.
Maude Stewart, Belle Bilton, >
larie Wainwright,
Jennie Hauk
^
^^
Georgie Dennin.
Marioti Elmore. Zelia De Lussan, S
ara Hernhardt,
Jeffreys Lewis
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4
Madame Gerster,
Helen Barry. Jennie La Tellier, L
otta.
Mattie Vlckers
^
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Modjeska,
Mile. Theiry, Sylvia Gerrish, Pauline Hall,
Emma Abbott
:
^
^
SPANISH DANCERS.
-
4
is Carmenclta, Debriege,
Fegero.
Figuerod.
. t
4
A&7 of the above mailed to any address on receipt of 10 cents each. 4
^
*
RICHBRD K.
FOX, - - FfiflNKI^lH SQUflRE, NEW
YORK CITY.
4
4 '
4
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