Acta Victoriana, March 1918

VOL. XLII

Mt< kuKiuTAN

TORONTO

OFNTRAI

NUMBER SIX

MARCH, 1918

Official Calendar of the Ontario Dept. of Education

March :
1. School Boards in unorganized Townships to appoint Assessors. {Not
later than 1st March).

Separate School Supporters to notify Municipal Clerks {On or l)efort
1st March).

27. English-French Model Schools close for Easter.

28. Normal, High, Continuation, Public and Separate Schools close for
Easter (Thursday before Easter Sunday).

29. Good Friday.

April:
1. Eastee Monday.

Return by Clerks of Counties, Cities, etc., of population, to Depart-
ment due. (On or before 1st April) .

Boards and Inspectors to report to DepArtment names of teachers, etc.,
for The Teachers' and Inspectors' Superannuation (cir. 18). (On April
1st).

Annual meeting of the Ontario Educational Association at Toronto.
(During Easter Vacation).

8. High and Continuation Schools, third term, Public and Separate
Schools open after Easter Holidays. (Second Monday after Easter
Sunday).

9. Normal and English-French Model Schools open after Easter Holidays.
15. Notice by candidates for Junior High School Entrance and Junior Pub-
lic School Graduation Diploma examinations, to Inspectors, due (be-
fore and on or before April 15th respectively).

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JUL 2 6 1976

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ACTA VICTORIANA

111

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IV

ACTA VICTORIANA

Timothy Eaton Memorial Church

231 St. Clair Avenue, Toronto.

REV. JAMES HENDERSON, D.D., Pastor
REV. PROF. J. HUGH MICHAEL, M.A.,

Will preach one sermon each Sunday.

CHOIR OF 80 VOICES

Organist and Choirmaster — MR. DALTON BAKER

For details of the services see the Toronto Star and Telegram
every Saturday.

Sunday — ll a.m. Morning Service. MONDAY — 8 p.m. Epworth League
7 p.m. Evening Service. Wed. — 8 p.m. Prayer Meeting

A Cordial Invitation is Extended to Students.

Metropolitan

Methodist

Church

Queen, Church
and Bond Streets

Divine Service —

Sunday 11 a.m. and 7 p.m.
Wednesday 8 p.m.

Pastor
REV. TREVOR H. DA VIES

Organist
MR. H. A. FRICKER, F.R.C.O.

Strangers Always Heartily
Welcomed

DR, S. L. FRAWLEY
DENTIST

Graduate of Toronto and Philadelphia
2iBIoor St. E, Phone N. 698

Frank Denton, K.C. John I. Grover, B.A.
Harry D. Anger Arthur A. Macdonald

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Telephone Main 311 Manning Arcade
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Developing Printing

"War Year" finds Acta flourishing.

Enlarging

CONTENTS

VOL. XLii. March, 1918 no. 6

Church and State in Canadian

Education C. B. Sissons 297

Before Dawn L. H. Floyd 303

p]xaminations 309

The Deaj- Illusion (Poem) E.J.P. 312

u- In the Days of the Epidemic A. P. Addison 313

The Soul of the Rainbow (Poem) .A. D. Watson 316

Musings ^Vithout Method S.H.H. 317

The Blushing Bride 321

i-^ An Undiscovered Country Douglas Bush 323

Footsteps (Poem) H. 325

As He Goes to War (Poem) H. D. Langford 326

The Problem of the Returned Soldier. W. E. Blatz 327

On Egos S. Moote, '19 332

Joubert : A Selection from His Thoughts 334

u- Fi'om Victoria Men Overseas 336

^^ Editorial 341

The Minenwerf er 343

Personals and Exchanges 344

Locals 346

Athletics 349

l^ Lines Composed on Re-visiting Reference Libraiy 352

PUBLISHED MONTHLY DURING THE COLLEGE YEAR BY THE
UNION LITERARY SOCIETY OP VICTORIA COLLEGE,
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO.

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A^OL. XLII. TORONTO, MARCH. 1918 No. 6

Church and State in Canadian
Education

A( "( 'ORDING to the wisest of the ancients education is the
chief coneeni of the State. Realizing the truth of this
obsei'vation even amid the distraction of war, England,
under the able guidance of Mr. Fisher, is preparing educational re-
forms of far-reaching import. There problems are being grappled
with which we in Canada have hardly realized as craving solution.
With us, however, thanks largely to racial differences, one question
is regarded with perennial, if not always with intelligent, interest.
I refer to the ([uestion of the extent to which the Church may claim
to share with the State the control of Elementary Education.

In any discussion of this subject it would be natural to turn
to the experience of other countries. One might refer, for example,
to conditions in France where some thirty-five years ago the revolt
against clerical domination in Education bui'st forth, banishing re-
ligion from the greater part of the schools; where atheism became
almost a fad among teachers, and realism, to use the striking phrase
of Viviani, "put out lights in the heavens which will nevei* be lit
again." Or one might tuni to Belgium, which, in happier days
when there was a Belgium, was perhaps the most Catholic country
in Europe; where definite religious instruction formed a consid-
erable part of the curriculum, and where the children might be led
in a body to church two or three times a week. Or to England,
where denominational schools, once the rule, are even yet far from
being the exception. Or to Japan, where practically all schools are
State schools, and where, more than anywhere among western peo-

[297]

298 ACTA VICTORIANA

pies, the State is the Church and patriotism is religion. But in our
own Dominion so heterogeneous is our population and so various
the attitude adopted by the different provinces, that within, our own
borders we may find all the relations of Church to State in respect
of Education in type exhibited.

For as a people we are remarkably diverse. If too great nicety
in classification is not demanded it may be said that we consist of
some five units. In the Maritime provinces an original stock of
Scotch sturdiness and Loyalist idealism has been modified by the
action of sea breezes and the reaction of a considerable number of
Acadian French. Then there is Quebec, wdth its quaint villages
almost medieval in tone and with its interest not absorbed by busi-
ness but rather divided between religion and polities, — affected ap-
preciably, it should be said, by the presence of those wretched and
persecuted English celebrated in story. Thirdly, we have Ontario,
founded in heroic sacrifice, suffering somewhat in its body in these
later days by reason of unhealthy industrial expansion (congestion
in the veins, the rural arteries not serving sufficiently to feed) and
by that perversion of honesty, namely, intolerance, — a goodly prov-
ince withal. Next come the Prairie provinces, polyglot and pushful,
trusting overmuch to wheat and cattle for salvation, but bound by
no conventions and resolved to strive to seek, to find and not to
yield. And lastly we have the province which bears the two voices
of mountain and sea wherein the streams of immigration bringing
to the farthest west the adventurers of all lands have set them to
work out their destiny with an original x)opulation largely English
by birth and aristrocratic in aspirations.

Such is our Federation, so varied, so composite. By the terms
of its charter the several provinces were allowed freedom in respect
of education, provided only that any rights enjoyed by religious
minorities prior to Confederation were not contravened. Now these
rights were of such a nature, and so curiously have they been
wrought upon by the Provincial Legislatures, that in order to il-
lustrate the various types of relationship between Church and State
there is no need to go beyond Canada.

There are three ways in which this relationship may be con-
ceived. The first is this: That the Church cannot afford to sur-
render any part of the education of the young of its flock to secular
agencies, or, as it is generally put, that the parent has inalienable
rights in respect of education which he cannot safely hand over to
the State, the inference being that the Church stands as the repre-

ACTA VICTORIANA 299

scntative of the parent. Accordiiif? to this view, reli^on stands not
as a baek<?i-oiuul to oducatioii, l)iit as tho very centre and life of it.
The chief, thoufjh not the only, sup])ort of this view is found in the
Roman Catholic Church. Secondly we have the view that religion
should bo kept out of the schools ; it may l)c implicit in education but
definite instruction should be left to the Church and the Sunday
School. As far back as 1840 Carlyle urged this view. He admitted
that religious teaching was essential, but until the sects could
agree to sink their differences he prayed for strong men to come
and impose a secular system on all England. Thirdly, there is the
view that these differences are not to be despised and that parents
who wish their children to be taught in a school definitely religious
in character cannot with right be denied their wish ; that while this
is true the State on the other hand cannot afford to consider edu-
cation as outside its province. Hence in this view thoi-o is a di\ns-
ion of interest and a sharing of conti'ol.

These three attitudes have all met with official acceptance in
Canada. The fii'st view, that education is primarily the concern of
the Church, is that accepted in Quebec. In that pi-ovince educa-
tion is still in the position it occupied in Ontario before 1878 in
this resi)ect. that there is no Minister of Education. Instead, there
are two Councils of Public Instruction, one Protestant and one Cath-
olic, each practically separate and independent. The Superintend-
ent of Education serves as a feeble connecting link between the
two, dispensing impartially Government grants to each, the accept-
ance of which does not involve any considerable obligation to bow
to government control. Each Council is practically supi'ome in its
own field. The Catholic schools are saturated with religious teach-
ing. A great number of the teachers are in holy orders. The Pro-
testant schools, by the way, emphasize religion to a much smaller
degree and tend to become "neutral" rather than denominational.
Hence the rather interesting fact that Jews predominate in the
Protestant schools of Montreal.

The opposite attitude prevails in British Columbia. In that
province no school which receives support may give formal or in-
formal religious instruction, and the few private schools which
exist generally aim to confer social distinction rather than religious
fer^^or. The whole system of schools is neat and orderly and entire-
ly secular from the Primary School to the Univei-sity. And i-arely
does one heai- any complaint of the exclusion of religion from th(»
schools.

300 ACTA VICTORIANA

The third course is intermediate between the two others and
frequently is one of compromise. With George Brown, for ex-
ample, the acceptance of the Act of 1863 clearly was a compromise.
He was opposed to the separation of the children of different de-
nominations in the schools, but accepted as comparatively innocent
the Act of 1863, which was incorporated in British North America
Act, thus engrafting Separate Schools on Ontario. It is a curious
and interesting fact that this Separate Schools' Act was passed
by the Union Parliament sitting in Quebec City in spite of an ad-
verse Ontario majority of some twelve members. Quite different
was the opinion of John Stuart Mill, who held "that an education
established and controlled by the State should only exist, if it
exists at all, as one among many competing experiments, carried
on for the purpose of example and stimulus, to keep the others up
to a certain standard of excellence." But to-day with com-
placency most of us submit to a degree of State regulation
which the prevailing sentiment of Mill's day w^ould not have
tolerated. It would be contended to-day that far from
being merely one among many competing experiments the State-
controlled system of education should be the general system, from
which deviations might be permitted, if at all, only in deference
to the exceptional views of minorities. This is the principle which
finds expression in the School Law of Alberta. There all the schools
are State schools to this extent, that they must submit to inspection
by public officials. All children are by law compelled to attend a
public school unless the government inspector is persuaded each
year that those who are not attending public school are receiving
adequate education elsewhere. The practical result of such legis-
lation is that all private schools are made subject to annual inspec-
tion. In addition to certain private schools the Province has a
few Separate schools, about fifteen in all. These more properly are
designated as denominational public schools. Not only are they
aided by provincial grants but they have the same ins})ectors, the
same curricula, the same text books as in other schools, and they
must employ teachers who have been prepared in the same training
schools, to pass the same examinations as have the teachers in the
secular schools. All that differentiates them is the half hour a day
set apart for religious instruction and the fact that teachers and
pupils are necessarily of the same religious stripe.

Any account of the relation between Church and State in Can-
adian Education would be incomplete Avithout some reference to

ACTA VI ( TORI AN A ;iOl

thi-oo phenomena. One is the Halifax arrangement. Nova Scotia
has no Se])arate Schools, but in Halifax an arranj?ement exists by
which th(> School Board is divided into two committees, one Protest-
ant and one Catholic, and the school rates are divided on a per
capita l)asis between the two sets of schools, each of which is man-
aged by its proper connnittee. This was substantially the arrange-
ment which the abortive Coldwell amendmentc sought to introduce
into Manitoba, with tragic results to its sponsors. A similar ar-
rangement existed in Ottawa from the year 1886 to 1903 between
the French-speaking and English-speaking sections of the Separate
School Board. It was instituted when the Irish were in the ma-
jority and was terminated when the French achieved ascendancy,
with much acrimony, be it said, and far-reaching effects on the
Roman Church and Canada in general.

A further peculiar product of our composite national chai'acter
is seen in the bi-lingual Separate school. Originally in Ontario
most of the French and German schools were classified as public
schools, but gradually German disappeared from the elementary
schools, and for many years the French schools have shown a
marked tendency to be classed as Separate, rather than Public.
Evidently it is thought to be of advantage to have a Separate
School Inspector, and such other rights or privileges as Separate
Schools enjoy in Ontario. It may be noted, by the way, that sep-
arate inspection is enjoyed as a privilege, not as a right confen-ed
under the British North America Act. Then a tendency has been
manifest to confuse religion and language, and to forget that the
gift of tongues was one of the earliest accomplishments of the
Christian Church. This confusion has led to much false doctrine
and error in policy.

But the most interesting of all Canadian people in other re-
spects and in education are the Doukhobors. The strict community
Doukhobor objects to all education, — at any rate all education after
our fashion. He believes in educating his child at home and in the
fields. Manual toil and an oral knowledge of the Scriptures he is
likely to consider sufficient for salvation. He may not object to-
some small acquaintance with reading and writing and arithmetic,
but he mistrusts much learning from books. If you argue with him
he will probably invite you to test the intelligence of his boy trained
in manual arts and piety, with that of your own, and conclude his
gentle argument by remarking that the Germans are the best edu-
cated people of Europe. The Doukhobors, after the fashion of

302 ACTA VICTORIANA

passive registers, have provided a difficult problem for the auth-
orities of Saskatchewan and British Columbia.

But few of us would wish to carry the simple life to the point
where we should be willing to join ourselves to the followers of
Peter Veregin. Though subject to honest doubt we still have faith
in. our schools. And however devoted we may be to religious in-
struction, few would welcome a system such as that obtaining in
Quebec which divides the children from their earliest years into
distinct and dissimilar camps. It is with us a question as to whether
we shall favor the American attitude, as in British Columbia, or,
with wise modifactions and safeguards, the British attitude, as in
Alberta. Under the former, where no concession is made to those
who desire religious teaching in the schools, it is not always pos-
sible to avoid a feeling of injury on the part of minorities, and
commonly a class of schools arises outside the pale of state juris-
diction. These outlaw schools are known in the United States as
parochial schools. In Manitoba, for example, after the abolishing
of Separate Schools in 1890, many such schools were developed in
which anything or nothing was taught according to the caprice of
their clerical managers. Meanwhile the Catholic population pro-
tested vigorously against being compelled to pay taxes to support
public schools to which conscience forbade them to send their child-
ren. On the other hand the Alberta system, while subject to abuse
under political manipulation, as indeed are all other institutions,
has this at least to commend it, that it satisfies the claims of those
who believe that religion is fundamental to education, while at the
same time ensuring equal opportunities for education to all.

C. B. SissoNS.

3 filepp in apring, unmindful of ti^t bauin,
Ml^m aottga of bxtliB arp himrh on ru^rg lauin.
Haat nigljt a br^nrtjing atorm h\^ rage nnh blow,
Alaa, mifat bloaaoma muat Ijane been lath lorn!

Translated by Doris Ding from the Chinese.

Before Dawn

By L. H. Floyd.

IT was in that dark hour which precedes the dawn that the sick
woman on the bed stirred a little, and the sound of her weak
gasping ceased abruptly. The man seated beside her started,
listened, then caught up the night-light, and bent over, searching
her face eagerly. It was a face reduced to the last elements of
human likeness, gray, sunken, incredibly weak, yet clinched hard
with a curious effect of volition, as though some strong spirit grip-
ped and rode the poor body, as a horseman grips a jaded mount.
So she had lain all night, and for many nights and days before.
So she might lie for days to come, or, with one flicker of returning
consciousness, might go out in a moment.

Day and night the husband and daughter had nursed her,
serving tirelessly this enigma that had replaced their intimate life-
companion. The man was not one upon whom such a burden could
fall lightly. Beneath the lines of fatigue and anxiety, he stood re-
vealed, in a moment, for what he was, kindly, placid, commonplace,
a lover of the obvious and pleasant things of life, suddenly confront-
ed by a great emergency ; and, to do him justice, facing it manfully.

Now, as he stood by his wife's bed, with the meagre light fall-
ing upon her face, he observed a change, some subtle alteration of
line that made it at once softer and more human. Her lids quivered,
then lifted slowly. The eyes wandered vaguely an instant, before
coming home to his face, only to wander again, searching the shad-
ows behind him querulously. Her lips moved, stiffly, as if the
muscles refused to function, then parted a little.

■'Ralph?" she whispered.

Her husband took from the table the soiled letter, kept there
in readiness for such a demand.

"Ralph," he said slowly and distinctly, "is in the trenches,
but sound and well. His company is ordered to the rear for a spell
of rest. There is some talk of an advance — ' '

He checked himself clumsily, hoping that she had not heard
the last words.

The woman accepted his news passively, and lay as if vaguely
considering it; but her eyes still roved unsatisfied, searching the
shadows, searching his face, while, in the silence, the ticking of

[303]

304 ACTA VICTORIANA

a watch on the table filled the room with a persistent, hurrying
sound.

''Ralph?" she repeated, at last, more strongly, this time.

Again there was a pause, filled by the hurrying watch, and
that creaking and clicking which belongs to an old house at night.
When next she spoke it was quite calmly, but coming from that
cadaverous face, at such an hour, the words had an inhuman effect
of horror.

''I can't,— die!"

The man recoiled a little, then, with a queer little sound of
pain, fell on his knees by the bed.

"My dear!" he whispered, but his wife took no notice of him.

"I can't die!" she persisted with the dreary doggedness of
semi-delirium, and began to speak steadily in a low hoarse whisper.

' ' When he went away, — when Ralph went away, he said that I
was to keep the home ready for him to come back to. When he was
wounded he wrote that, all through the horror and pain, he knew
that there was one place of peace and calm in the world, and that I
was keeping it for him. Without that he would have gone mad, —
he said he would have gone mad. A Hell, — he said, — a blind, stab-
bing, deafening Hell ! I can 't — I must wait ! ' '

The last words came with an effort that left her gasping and
helpless. The husband rose, and taking a glass from the table, held
it to her lips. The draught revived her, for, after an interval she
spoke more rationally : :

' ' Ralph ? What— about— Ralph ?— An advance ? ' '

' ' He is sound and well ; in the trenches, but expects to be sent
to the rear immediately. ' '

But her ears had caught the word he had not meant to let slip.

''An advance?" she persisted.

"An advance is expected," he admitted, reluctantly, "but
Ralph 's company is ordered to the rear for a rest. ' '

As he spoke, her eyes rested on his face understandingly, but
the intelligence soon blurred out of them ; and she began to mutter
incoherently. Once only came a clear word, spoken with gasping
energy,

' ' Ralph ! Ralph ! Oh. I can 't die ! "

Again the silence fell upon the room, while her eyes quested
desparingly amongst the shadows. Presently, however, the lids
drooped, flickered, drooped again, and closed. The subtle lines of

ACTA \- 1 (TORI ANA IM):^

the face altered, and she slipped away to that strange world where
the soul kept vi^il over the dyiiifj: body.

Foi- some time the husband bent over her, tryiiij? by cvci-y
means, to call her back to consciousness, but without result. The
grim, strained face upon the pillow ip:noi-ed him. almost contempt-
uously ; and he presently desisted, turning away with a weary shud-
der. The long nights of watching, and the emotional stress of this
last incident, bore hard upon him ; but more especially, he was op-
pressed by the debile misery of the hour, the most desolate hour of
all, for those who wake. A dreary, bloodless restlessness possessed
him, driving him from the bed to his chair, and from his chair to
the wiiidow, where the faint light of early dawn was ali-eady oozing
in. The bed and its occupant had become ghastly to him. Dearly
as he had loved her, devotedly as he would sen'e her to the end, his
was not that spirit that can, at the call of need, transmute mere
human love into supreme devotion.

She could not die, — and to him, struggle as he might against
the thought, she was as one already dead. Those craving eyes, that
thready voice recalled none of the wai'm humanity of their life to-
gether. She must wait, ehf Wait for what ? He shuddered weakly,
and drew back the cui'tain — God ! the very trees looked uncanny !

It was as he stood thus, brooding, that he first became aware
of the sound. He was dimly conscious that it had been going on for
some time, but so faintly, .so much overlaid by the stealthy noises
of the night, that it made little impi'cssion on his surface mind.
Now, with a shock, he became certain of it, a muflded, purring sound
breaking intermittently into a sharp tingling. Somewhere, away in
the depths of the house, a bell was ringing. Jt was characteristic
of his state of mind that he stood considering, for some time, befoi-e
it occurred to him to investigate. There was no telephone in the
house. It might, he thought, be the boll of the street door, but
never had he heard it ring with quite that hesitant, remote sound.
— remote in some sense quite other than that of mere distance. \\v
glanced at the bed, and an idea struck him.

"Perhaps the doctor!" he said, half aloud.

The thought gave him courage. It was a relief to think of a
virile human personality in that chamber of weakness and death.
As he hesitated, the ringing came again, more strongly than before.
His daughter and the servant slept above, and were, he knew, too
much exhausted to hear any such sound. He must go himself. He
looked, once moi"e, at his wife; but she lay as usual, her breath

306 ACTA VICTORIANA '

catching, now and then with a slight gasp, otherwise, without sight
or sound of life. Reassured, he crept to the door, and after another
backward glance, left the room.

The staircase lay below him, as he stood in the Upper hall, a
well of darkness, up which the night-noises of the old house came
as through a trumpet. Never had he heard them so loud and in-
sistent. Could it be that this stealthy creeping and shuffling went
on always? It was as if the empty rooms below were filled with
an eery company that strove to hide from him some ceaseless activity.
But a little more, and he could have sworn that someone — something
was creeping up the stair to meet him, pausing on each step to listen.

Abruptly, he realized that, if he were to keep his reason, he
must act at once. Back to that ghastly room he could not go. The
only course was to advance. He tried to fix his mind upon the bluff,
kindly doctor, standing on the doorstep below; but the picture
would not form. Down the stair he crept, his overstrained nerves
wincing at every motion, his mind busy with thoughts over which
he seemed to have no control. The landing, now — there was room
on the landing. Suppose something should reach out of the dark-
ness and clutch —

By an effort, he drew himself erect, and stepped out firmly,
making a pathetic attempt to hum the catch of a song. The pre-
tence of courage helped him, as it always does, to the reality. He
became more nearly in control of himself; but always, beneath the
surface, lay some ugly suspicion, some warning from within that he
dare not consider. None the less he reached the stair foot, and
crossed the hall, passing the cavernous doors of the parlours with-
out panic. The ringing had ceased from the time that he left the
room above. It was as if whoever stood without knew that he came
and waited for him. Just inside the street-door, he paused, his
ear pressed close against the panel.

"Is that you. Doctor?" he asked in a thin voice, that shook
a little.

There was no answer, no sound of any sort, not even a shuffling
of feet or a rustle of clothing.

"Is that you. Doctor?" he repeated.

The same stark silence followed. But someone must have
rung, and, with those dark spaces behind him, any human company
was welcome. Even as he debated the point, the b^ll rang again,
clear and peremptory, this time, but still with that curious remote-

ACTA VICTORIANA :i()7

ness. The sound decided him. With a jerk he turned the key,
and threw back the door.

Of what foHowcd he would have found it difficult to give any
connected account. The experience had something of the same
quality as the sound of the bell. It was clear and yet remote. The
feeling of eeriness that he had suppressed on the stair, came to the
surface in a moment, and dominated him ; it was the turn of his
normal i)ersonality to be suppressed. He became, as it were, the
instrument of vast and indifferent forces, that used his body, but
took no note of himself.

The light outside had strengthened to a faint luminosity, that
seemed to come from nowhere, but merely to exist as a part of the
atmosphere. By it objects showed clearly as masses, but confus-
edly in detail. In this light, he saw that a figure stood upon the
doorstep, — a man's figure, looming up in gigantic outline. It was
certainly not the doctor, of that he could be sure. It was taller,
and the dress was different, trimmer, and showing the outline of
the figure more. Above the right shoulder was a rod-like projec-
tion, the end of which glimmered strangely. He had a bewildered
feeling that all this was familiar, that it should be intimately and
dearly familiar ; but that this familiarity was, in some way, impos-
sible and dreadful, a thought to be avoided.

For the fraction of a second he stood peering out, taking in
these facts. Then the silent shape lurched towards him, and, with-
out thought of protest, he gave back before it, flattening himself
against the wall, still holding to the knob of the wide open door.
Steadily, without haste, without delay, it entered, passing him with-
out sound of footsteps. In a moment, it had disappeared into the
darkness of the house, leaving no sign of its passage. The man
at the door made no more attempt to follow it than he had to bar
its entrance. In that nightmare time, it was as if the laws which
governed his ordinary life were suspended, and he stood outside,
reft away from all comfortable human things.

From somewhere far off in the silent streets, came a weird
shrilling and piping, like the cry of some dreary spirit of the dawn,
scarcely noticed at first, so well did it fit in with his emotions.
Gradually, and only half consciously, he recognized it as the call of
an early newsboy, and the idea helped him. A grotesque sense of
humour relieved the tension of horror. His mind clung to the
sound as a call to his common sense. Perhaps, after all, he had

308 ACTA VICTORIANA

boon deceived. The li^ht was very uncertain, and his thouf^hts
hud not been of the most wholesome.

But while with his outer mind he strove to comfoi't himself §jo,
{mother, inner self was listeniii}?, listening?. The oory creaking;
fi-oin the stairs was loudci-, more i)urposcful than l)ofore, but ho
could detocl no alien .sound. None the less, his iiiiiid kept focusing'
its attention upon one ])oint after another, — the lower flipjht, — the
laiidiny-. -the upi)oi' flif?ht, — the hall above, — the dooi- of the bed-
room. 'IMicii sikMciiIv he cringed, as one does before an expected
blow.

From above caiiio a nioaninf^ cjy, yearninj;', wistriil, i-isinj^- at
last, to a shrill wail of wild, inhuman ecstacy.

"Ralph!"

As though a si)oll had been lifted, the Juan sprang forward, ran
across the hall, and uj) the stairs, stumbling on the treads and sob-
bing out incohoi-oncies, in delirium of terror. As he wont the
crooning sound died slowly away. The door of the bedroom stood
half open, hiding the bed and its occupant. He paused a little on
the threshold, then, with a sweeping gesture, flung it wide.

At first his haste and excitement filmed his eyes, so that they
did not focus ])roporly upon the objects of the room, and he looked,
as it were, through a mist. In that moment, it seemed that he per-
ceived a tall figure in the room, the figure of a man who bent over
the bed. His clothing was of a yellowish brown colour, and below
the hip the butt of a slung I'iflo showed clearly in the circle of light
from the shaded night-lamp. The sick woman seemed to have
changed her position. She was half sitting up, supported upon
her elbows. Her face was straining up towards that which bent
above her, the eyes staring wildly, and the lips parted in a dreadful
smile of happiness and welcome.

For j)erhaps two seconds the illusion persisted. Then the hus-
band's vision cleared, and he saw that the room was empty. His
wife lay back upon the bod. wide eyed, and smiling; but the room
was empty of all that lixcd.

Helpless, he stood in the doorway, the tears of sheei* weakness
running down his cheeks. Above him he could hear the sound of
hurrying foot, as tlio other o(cui)ants of the house, roused by the
cry, came to his assistance. Without, the calling of the newsboy
rang through the street :

"(Canadians advance! (Jnal British viv\(>r\'."

Examinations

II. — Wiix'i' 'riii: Si I i)i;\i> Think.

TIIK very fact of an oxaiiiiiialioii makes me nervous, while the
time limit drives inc wild. I do not know of anything like
it outside of college life ; for, if you are writing a book oi* an
article, you decide for yourself how much time you will give to it.
Most ner\()us people who suffer from that horrible paralysis of fear
at the finals, agree that the agony would be comparatively slight if
they were ])ermitted to set their own time limit.

For this reason, I should like to have essays substituted U)v ex-
aminations. We work hai'der over essays than over examinations.
We also concentrate upon one subject and attempt to think our way
through it for an essay, while for an examination we attempt to re-
view up a smattering of everything that we have taken all year. Last
week I had two tests on one subject. The one took the form of an
essay based upon a text book, and the other was an examination
based upon a second text about e(iual in length and impoilance to
the first. It was a pass subject that had been thrust upon me, and
my horizon was bounded by forty pei' cent. After having read the
fii-st book 1 spent seven hours wi'iting an essay of fifteen or twenty
pages upon one big, thrilling subject. I read the second book also,
but, alas, when the examination approached, knowing that there
Avould be about six questions with an hour in which to answer them
all, I spent two hours momorizing headings of j)aragraph8. I could
give another exami)le of a time when between rending a text and
writing an essay upon it, 1 spent forty hours, and innnediately af-
ter prepared for an examiiwition by spending four hours reviewing
lecture notes without so much as lookiiig at the text at all.

The essay will be retuincd to me and criticized. The professor
will talk it over with me, and I shall re-read it and go on thinking
about it, but I'll never see or hear of my examination paper again.

And now I will confess something. I am looking forward
with eagci-ness to my professor's criticism of the essay ; and I would
give far more for the few minutes that he will spend talking it over
with me than for the final examination with the whole fifty hwtures
thrown in.

ESSAYS VERSTTS EXAMINATIONS.

Essays demand continuous work throughout the .\t,ii llxam
illations! Why. we have the preparation of them down to a science.

[309]

310 . ACTA VICTORIANA

In most pass subjects, even if you stay away from the lectures all
year, you can take second class honors by borrowing a friend 's notes
and spending a day studying them just before the final. This has
been done so often that it is a recognized part of the time honored
lecture and examination system.

Writing essays leads the students as a whole to take their work
more seriously. An essay that is due to-morrow will excuse a
student from any social function whatever without doing the least
damage to his character ; but what sort of reputation do you suppose
you would have if you attempted to refuse an invitation on the
ground that you had a lecture to-morrow on which there was going
to be an examination in the spring?

I know a student who is a real one and not a would be. He is
going to be a great man some day. But he cannot possibly take
more than second-class honors, because he refuses to "plug" for
an examination any details that he does not expect to remember af-
terwards. He is an honest person. The rest of us smother our sense
of shame and memorize all the odds and ends in which we are not
specially interested, basely selling our time and our personality for
a degree, or, worse still, for an extra ten per cent. ; and the univer-
sity pats us on the back and giveo us scholarships and medals. I
despise the university for doing so.

Examinations'? — Yes I approve of them; my experience has
been that examinations are a fairly accurate test of brain power
plus previously acquired knowledge, plus study. If one has an un-
usual amount of the first commodity, one can always get along with
a moderate amount of the third ; if much of the second, one can do
for a while without much of the third, but most of us have so little
of the first and second that we must make up the deficiency with the
third in order to pass our examinations. We who are in this class
are not safe if we wait until the last month or two, and, then, try
to cram what we should have spent seven months in learning. If
we do we should not lay the fault on the examination system.

A good substitute, in one way, for examinations, but one which
would mean much additional work for our instructors, would be
that each instructor keep a record of the work done by each student
from week to week throughout the whole college year. But when
one of us fails, it is much less unpleasant for both professors and

ACTA VICTORIANA ill

oui-selves to have failed on a written examination, tliaii because they
could not fjive us marks enough for our term work. Besides, the
professoi's are only lunnan, and if this plan wore adopted, who
knows but that finally the system, (and the professors), would
become cori-upt through bribery, patronage, and graft — k la politics.

Eva Myers.

Truly the sins of our fathers have descended upon our own
heads; else why should the modern undergraduate be plagued by
examinations? This is said not in the way of cynical criticism of
the academic curse ; but as a condemnation of original sin which
causes man so far to chafe against authority, that he wants ever
to learn what he should not learn, and to neglect those things which
make him a man after the hearts of faculty councils and registrars.
Honestly, fellow students, you know that without examinations we
would leave this "venerable pile" at the end of four years ( ?) with
scarcely the qualifications to take tickets at a five-cent, movie.

Of course, when Ave look at it from the professional point of
view, we realize that our subject is interesting enough to demand
the unsolicited attention of every student. But strangely enough,
the student, if left to himself, is liable to discriminate in favor of
one or two of these engrossing subjects, to the disappointment of
the neglected members of the staff.

In any ease, examinations are a horrible form of stimulant ; but
we must be willing to back them up until the time when the pres-
ent form of university administration has migrated to its happy
hunting-ground. Besides, folks, we must not be inconsiderate. Many
a thing is said on examination papers which makes professors think.
A sort of annual review for them, don 't you imagine ?

H. C. B.

A long, long time ago when I was in my freshman year in this
ancient abode of learning, I tried an examination in Honor German.
"Tried" is a good word; because I knew practically no German.
Beside this disability I did not desei*ve to pass — because I commit-
ted, deliberately and with malice aforethought, that crime (the
enormity of which only hoary professors know) of "getting up"
all my German with another student. The moral of this memory
lies in this — I know, past all doubt, that my friend knew ten words
of German where I knew one — that she had a knowledge of idiom

312 ACTA VICTORIANA

and grammatical forms which was at once my envy and despair —
and, as we did all our authors together, we covered exactly the
same amount of work. As for sight translation, her excellent
grounding enabled her to read indifferently well passages of which
I could make nothing. Now, I am not naturally an ultra-modest
person, as my friends (and enemies) ^vill testify, and I have tried
to state fairly and as accurately as possible our relative chances.
Therefore, to put the case mildly, I was astonished to find that my
friend was awarded III Class Honours, while I succeeded in per-
suading the examiners that I knew enough German to secure II
Class. Query: ''What are examinations for?" My answer is:
"To test the quantity of one's vocabulary, the speed of one's pen
and, last but not least, the state of one's nerves." (I seldom get
''fussed" over an examination; my friend always did).

"THE BEAR ILLUSION."

Dusk with a grey and silent sea,
The fading outline of a shore,
A bittern's cry, and evermore —
The lonelier cry of memory.

Night and the Ufted clouds afar,
And yonder near a little hill,
A cross above a form so still
Holds vigil with one raying star.

Sleep falls and lo! the gift of dreams; —
He comes again, I clasp his hands,
Death's bars are broken and he stands,
As once he stood; e'en so it seems.

—E. J. P

In the Days of the Epidemic

A. P. Addison.

IN the early days of Victoria in Toronto, not many yeai*8 after
the removal from Cobourg, and while the student body had
still the vitality and boisterousness of folk brought up in the
country, there was an epidemic of practical jokes. Like other epi-
demics, no one could tell where it originated, few, if any, could tell
who were the first victims ; all that was known was that it passed
from one to another: that it assumed more and more serious pro
portions; and that it needed — and received — very vigorous treat-
ment from the authorities.

At first, it was manifest in jokes played by one student on an-
other. Many of these were through the medium of the newspapers.
One evening, in a certain column of the E veiling Telegram, there
appeared such a notice as this: — ''Wanted, a good full-grown tom-
cat. Must be strong and good ratter. Good price paid. Apply
at four o'cleck on Saturday at — ■. " and the name and ad-
dress of a well-known theological student — a tall, formal, ostenta-
tiously orthodox minister-to-be — was appended. It was a winter
of some hardship. Many boys were in need of funds. About
thirty of these stuffed the neighbor's tom-cat in a bag, and appeared
at the door of the supposed advertiser. The student battled with
explanations, with the first comers, then hunted shelter by going
for a walk, leaving the other boys to be dealt with by the landladv.
None of the boys thought it worth while to cai-ry the cats home.
These thirty cats, strange eats, in a locality unfamiliar to them, all
seeking cover, spent several nights cursing their ill fortune, and
saying hard things about the boys; and the neighbors in that vi-
cinity learned the truth of the old saw, "It pays to advertise."

The epidemic, liowever, spread until it had infected the class
life of the college. Jokes were played by one class on another, an<l
by all the classes,— particularly the sophomores— on the freshmen.
The freshmen this year, as in other years, were having a reception
and, anxious to make a success of it, they secured the services of :i
caterer. Amongst the things sent up for this affair was a larg»
can of lemonade. Of this the sophomores drank, in secret, perhaps
three quarter, and filled up the can with water. The amount was
the same, only the quality was altered. The freshmen discovered this
only as it was being served. When the fact became known that the

[313]

314 ACTA VICTORIANA

sophomores had done the deed, vengeance was vowed and the form
of vengeance was openly stated. A iieAv reception was to be held :
all the ladies of all the years were to be guests, except the ladies
of the second year. The men students of the other classes were
each invited to send two representatives, and the men of the sopho-
more class were told, in as offensive terms as possible, that there
was no desire for any representatives from their number. The re-
freshments were to be such as never had been at a class function.
There were printed programmes. There was to be an orchestra and
a promenade. And no sophomores. It was a challenge. Such a
challenge could not pass. The students were watched. Telephone
conversations were overheard. Their order at the caterer's was
added to ; and spies were set. The stuff' arrived. Its location was
marked. Provision for its purloining and the circumvention of
Robert, the great and only Robert, was made. Robert had labor-
iously carried everything up to the third fiat, and, to make assur-
ance doubly sure, put it in a private room of one of the professors,
where the big steal came off. A post-graduate student was de-
spatched to keep Robert out of the road. This student had a pair
of skates to be put in shape, and screwed on a pair of boots. They
retired to the shop in the basement to do the job, and to him
Robert confided his suspicions. The forty thieves upstairs were ad-
vised of the facts. To get into the room where the provisions were
one of the students, with a rope around his body, clambered along
a ledge of stone, across a piece of wall to the wdndow of the other
room, entered it, opened the door to the others, and let down by
ropes the precious refreshments, which the men carted away to the
room of one of the students. They left the freshmen nothing but
the cutlery and dishes.

Robert, the skates being sharpened, leisurely went up and
caught them in the room, with the ropes of their trade in their
hands. He threatened and stormed until they, being disciples of
the safety-first campaign, persuaded their companions, and all of
the refreshments, all, mark you, were brought back, and most of
the freshmen, to this day, do not know that it ever went on a jour-
nev. This was the end of Act II.

The sophomores, however, had been aided in their planning
and execution by certain adventurous youths of the f-:enior year,
and some post graduates in theology. These had had vision.^ of
the division of the ijpoils; and, not being safety-first men, or at
least not of placing other people's safety first, were of the opinion

ACTA VICTORIANA 315

that sonu'thiii{>- at least might have been saved from the disasiv-r.
They thought that two soi)homores in particuhir had been guilty of
gross weakness, and that some punishment was due to them. They
constituted themselves as the executors of this punishment. They
bit on this plan. These men were to be sunnnoned to the Police
Court to answer a charge, preferi'ed by Robert, of entering a pii-
vate room. They borrowed summonses from a policeman who was
their friend. They boi-rowcd his uniform and served the summons.
In consequence, one of the boys was ejected on Saturday night from
his boarding house, where they drew the line at sheltering men with
a Police ( 'oui't record. He was taken in by one of his friends who
— oh. irony of events! — was the chief of the practical jokei's that
had i)lanned the great coup. He persuaded the unfortunate man
to live strictly in seclusion, and the news was kept dark and hidden
from the other sophomores. All day Sunday it was kept hidden;
the day aided the secrecy of the plot ; and on Monday morning,
bright and early, the trembling victim was carefully guided by his
chuckling confidant, the villain, right into the Court to answer to
the charge. He had determined, like a man, and in harmony with
his safety fii-st principles, to throw himself on the mercy of the
Court.

The events that followed were amazingly unexpected, even to
the villain himself. They actually arrived when the Court was in
session, and just when a name similar to the victim's was called.
He responded to the summons at once. The equilibrium of his
guide was completely destroyed. He gazed ; he smiled ; he laughed,
a loud, cheery laugh for which he was famous. In the tense hush
of the court-room echoed this violent, discordant mirth. The Court
Avoiidered ; the victim, in an awful flash of illumination, saw his
tremendous gullibility exposed, and the villain made a leap for the
door. But it was too late. ''Bring me that young man," thun-
dered the magistiate. Policemen seemed to be everywhere. There
was not a loophole to escape. He .submitted resignedly, asking only
foi- a private interview w'ith the magistrate, who granted his re(|ue8t.

After the Court, what was dark became light. The villain
confessed. The magistrate, with true humour and a vision pro-
phetic, perhaps, appreciated a joke. He warned the young man of
foi'ging summonses to the Police Court, and of going about the
streets in a policeman's uniform, and, in bidding him good-bye, he
said: "If you should want a summons again in such a case come
to me, and I will give you a real one, and have it delivered i)y a

316 ACTA VICTORIANA

real policeman." This the villain remarked, and, later, the mag-
istrate splendidly fulfilled his promise, which stoiy is also a part
of the epidemic.

THE SOUL OF THE RAINBOW.

The sunbeams painted a rainbow

On a mist floating over a valley,

And a child and a sage looked upon it.

Then the mist found language, thus speaking :
''Lo, all eyes .shall behold now my beauty."

The child saw the beautiful bow.

The .sage, the broken-rayed light.

But the soul that was throbbing tvithin it,

The fount of its loveliness, waited unseen

And longing and lonely ....

Then the clouds hid the .sun-rays from vision,
And tears of rain fell. Love was weeping.

Albert Durrant Watson.

Musings Without Method

NOT loii^ ago a small group of us were gathered round the fire
iu the S.C.R. ; some were graduates, some undorgi-aduates,
and two members of that institution of doubtful utility,
the Faculty. "We fell into discourse on the place of religion in the
University, and in Victoria in particular. Also we groped our way
into the thorny problem of the relation of means to end, and the
value of religious institutions in a college. I am the more inclined
to record something of the impressions carried away from our dis-
cussion because they represent not merely my own unstable con-
clusions, but the point of view of men who are closer to the problem
than I can claim to be.

Victoria is undoubtedly a religious place. I think that St.
Paul might have used of us the complimentary epithet that he ad-
dressed to the Athenian philosophers on Mars Hill, he would have
admitted that we, in comparison with such godless places as, let
us say, Trinity or Knox, were " more than others respectful of
the divine." Whether he would have added that our devotions
were directed to an *' Unknown God" I will not venture to sur-
mise. But in considering the place of religion in the college we
wondered, as we talked about it, whether it did not suffer from be-
ing ''established."

The point is this. AVe have in Victoria various associations
representing and looking after the various activities of the college.
There is the august Literary Society, representing the brains of
the college, a society with which, needless to say, I have no connec-
tion. There is the Athletic Association, bravely holding up its end
in spite of fewness of fit men. There is the Y.M.C.A., the recog-
nized representative of the religious side of college life. Each of
these and similar societies has its officers, elected by the whole col-
lege, and I suppose it is no secret of state that such offices are
sought after.

Now, it seemed to us, in discussing the way in which such
things work out, that the tendency of the "establishment" of re-
ligion in this way was to confine the Association concerned with it
almost inevitably to what may be called "religious" people. Just
as the Literary Society may be assumetl, at least for the sake of
argument, to exist for the intellectuals, and the Athletic Association
for the lovers of college sports, so the Y. tends to be considered as

[317]

318 ACTA VICTORIANA

existing for the ' ' religious, ' ' and in this way suggests that religion
is one particular form of college activity which may be indulged in
and promoted by those who care for such things. If you are in-
tellectual you ''go in for" the Lit.; if you have thews and sinews
you go in for the Athletic, and if you are religious, or a ' ' theolog, ' '
you join the Y.

It seemed to us, although perhaps smoke wreaths obscured our
vision, and the light of the dying embers of the wood fire hardly
illumined the subject sufficiently, that this was roughly the way in
which the institutions tended to work out in practice. Cases were
cited in which, for example, a captain of the rugby team had been
an excellent President of the Y., but it was felt that these were
exceptions.

This raised the whole question of religion in a college, or a
University. No one seemed inclined to accept the position that re-
ligion should be regarded as a special activity proper to a certain
type of man. In such a case both the conception of religion suf-
fered and the life of the colleges also suffered. It was felt that
religion was not a special form of activity, prayer, good works,
attendance at meetings, and abstinence from "the grosser forms
of vice, ' ' but that it was a spirit, an attitude towards life. It was
a spirit at once of humility, and of courage and adventure, a vision
of the heights and depths of life, something that might pervade the
whole of college life and all its activities in the same way that the
call of the Empire's need has penetrated and affected every side of
college life to-day. It is a sad irony of fate that religion, and above
all Christianity, in its essence and origin a spirit of liberty, adven-
ture, of breaking loose from ancient bounds and pushing on into
the unknown, towards God, has become a byword for conservatism,
for clinging to routine and custom, and for hatred and distrust of
innovation.

This came to us as we reflected on the tendency of any estab-
lished organization to harden and crystallize, cease to move, and so
cease to represent the ever changing, ever progressing spirit of
religion. One, more daring than the rest, maintained that what-
ever organization or machinery might be set up in college to real-
ize these things ought to be scrapped at intervals to save it and
the college from the consequences of " establishment. ' ' So again
we were once more confronted with the age-long problem which
life itself is daily working out in "Nature, never-done, ungaped-at
Pentecostal miracle," the problem of form and spirit.

ACTA VICTORIANA 319

To say that it was a matter for the individual to settle for
himself, that religion could not be organized, was felt to be both
an evasion of the problem and an ignoring of the fact that life
tends to organization. As Prof. Bosanciuet has said in his latest
book, ''Whatever cannot be organized is not life." Although it is
equally true and equally necessary to remember with Mr. H. G.
Wells that, looking at the matter from the opposite point of view,
''Whatever is organized has begun to die."

Hence we could not shirk the further question of the relation
of form to spirit, of the Y.M.C.A. as the established religious or-
ganization of our college to the religious spirit of the college life.

It would take too long and too much space to set down all that
we talked about concerning this matter. For when a group of col-
lege men put their heads together to turn the world upside down,
"the flow of soul" is generally copious, though unkind people might
say that reason was the ha'porth of bread to an intolerable deal of
sack. But one or two points may be set down, and perhaps some
of those who read may do some thinking on the matter for them-
selves, for at any rate we did feel that the matter was worth think-
ing about.

In the first place it was felt that the whole religious life of the
college might gain, rather than lose, by "disestablishment." That
disestablishment might act, as it has generally acted, upon the re-
ligious life of churches, as a stimulus to adventure and reality, for
example, the Anglican Church in Ireland. That if it disappeared
from the number of official societies, and from the photographs in
Acta, it would help to destroy a clogging and embarrassing sense
that religion is a special sphere of college activities, only attractive
to the pious. In fact, we felt, though I can imagine lifted eyebrows
in high places, that the business would thrive better as a secret
society, a revolutionary conspiracy, whose members had nothing to
gain in the way of college honours, and to whom adventure would
be the only attraction.

Then, arising out of this, was the feeling that the name also did
not really express what was needed in or characteristic of Univer-
sity life. It was a name borrowed from an institution which has
done and is doing most admirable and invaluable work in the com-
munity, but representing a different spirit and different methods
from those which would grow up naturally in a student body.
Nor is it right to say, "What does the name matter?" for anyone

320 ACTA VICTORIANA

acquainted with university life knows that a name matters a great
deal.

Then, it was felt that organization, machinery, should be re-
duced to a minimum — only what was needed to do the work — and
that it would grow out of the needs of college life. Lastly, I think
all of us felt that the prime function of any organization which
should have for its end to express the religious life of the college
community, would be most of all along the more difficult line of
social intercourse, the creation and stimulation of a spirit of en-
quiry, the student spirit and attitude towards the deeper things of
life. There is no greater bond between men than to have wrestled
together over the fundamental problems of God, the world, and the
self. These are the su^nma fasfigia of a night which I shall always
gratefully remember.

— S. H. H.

My lord is gone away to serve the King.
The pigeons homing at the set of sun
Are side b.y side upon the court-yard wall
And far away I hear the herdsmen call
The goats upon the hill when day is done.
But I, I know not when he will come home.
I live the days alone.

My lord is gone away to serve the King.
I hear a pigeon stirring in the nest.
And in the field a pheasant crying late.
— She has not far to go to find her mate. .
There is a hunger will not let me rest.
The days have grown to months and months to years,
And I have no more tears.

From the Chinese: Written 769 B.C.

The Blushing Bride

IT is time that people of education should try to avoid the use
of hackneyed phrases. Why is a bride continually spoken of
as blushin*?? Foi' what is she blushing? Hasn't she acquii'cd
her bridej?room by fair play? She did not have to poison the
blonde rival, did she? Of course, she may have mentioned some-
time or other that the new shade of Mabel's hair really suited her
better than the former color. But that was just by way of con-
versation.

Does she blush because she is leaving behind her fairer, sweeter
sisters perhaps? No, indeed, ordinary human nature Avould not
prompt her to blush at such a thought. She would sooner smile
with pride to think that she had "made the grade" before them.

Maybe she blushes because she has "made such a poor catch."
Maybe she is ashamed of the insignificant wretch she has enticed
into her toils. She has to own up to him on her wedding day.
Before, she did her best to avoid introducing him to her girl friends
for fear they would feel sorry for her. Of course, she had kept
his picture on her dressing-table where they might see it ; but that
flattered him and hid his bald spot. She had probably kept her
engagement as "dark" as possible. She had only mentioned it to
a few of her most intimate friends before he gave her the ring.
And after she received it, she exhibited it with as quiet ostentation
as she could command.

But supposing that she is perfectly satisfied that none of her
girl friends could have made a "better match" than she has, why
should she blush? Surelj' matrimony is nothing to be ashamed of.
It is done in the best families. In fact, it is one of our oldest
national customs; and one of the practices that is common to all
countries. It is the sole end and ambition of the majority of all
peoples. Every Annesley Hall girl knows why father sent her to
Victoria. Why not be frank about it ? Why blush when you have
accomplished your aim as if to say, "This is so sudden!" Let us
inaugurate a campaign to do away with blushing at weddings.

There is only one moment when a bride may logically be per-
mitted to blush at her wedding. That is the moment that she
reaches the altar and sees at her side the trembling victim of her
schemes. Any person with civilized emotions would blush to think
that she has been the cause of his fate ; that she has taken this in-

[321]

322 ACTA VICTORIANA

nocent, unsuspecting young man from the home of his father ; has
wrenched him from the loving care and tender solicitudes of his
mother. He is being thrust out into the cruel world to make a
home of his own. Alone, he must face the tax bills ; alone, he must
shovel the snow from his front walk. He must live with a woman
who, compared with his mother, is an entire stranger to him.

If the bride obeyed the dictates of her emotions at this mom-
ent, she would throw up the whole game and let him go back home.
Instead, she satisfies her conscience with a blush, sets her jaws,
and goes on with the ceremony.

This, then, is the only moment when the bride may blush with
reason. So why speak of her as ''blushing," which implies a con-
tinuous condition? Say that the bride is beautiful, charming,
sweet. She is sure to be all these : beautiful, because she is wearing
the most expensive clothes she ever had or probably ever will have ;
charming, because everybody must be on their best behaviour at
weddings and the refreshments are usually good ; sweet, because
she is surrounded by all her friends and relatives who have sent her
more or less hideous wedding presents and she has to make every
one believe that this was the "very thing she wanted most." But
please let us abandon the fallac}' that the normal bride spends her
wedding day ''blushing."

Mary had a little sock, and though she knitted slow.
Everywhere that Mary went that sock was sure to go.
She took it to her English class, where she'd the moments steal
Prom making notes on Shakespeare's plays, to deftly turn a heel.

— N.E.

An Undiscovered Country

Douglas Bush.

Je no sais pas de lecture plus facile, plus attrayante, plus douce que
celle d'un catalogue, — Anatolc France.

WHEN a magazine editor is "gravelled for lack of matter"
and his assistant is too busy to write any Unpublished
Letters froni Browning to Miss Barrett, he generally
prints an article on The Books One Ought to Read. The tired coni-
niuter, reading the article, is advised to peruse Homer, Virgil,
Dante, Shakespeare, and the rest, and after a mighty resolve : ' ' Yes,
I certainly will start a course of good reading next week," he turns
with avidity to a biographical sketch of Henry Ford, and Dante
is forgotten. In these articles — they all contain the same sound
advice, expressed in the same patronizing way, and adorned with
the same poetical quotations — the authors overlook one of the most
useful and entertaining fields of literature, namely, publishers' cata-
logues.

The word catalogue does not sound inviting; it suggests dic-
tionaries, railway time-tables and similar repositories of valuable
but unattractive knowledge. As a matter of fact there is no more
fascinating reading in the world than book-catalogues, if the reader
is in the proper frame of mind.

That frame of mind, I may say at once, is absolutely essential ;
if you do not possess it, book-catalogues are as valuable to you as a
New York Directory to an inhabitant of Foochow. The conditions
are these, — first, a consuming, insatiable desire to buy books; second,
a bank-account that would not arouse envy in a peanut-vendor ; or,
to use a pithy but vulgar phrase, one needs to have a champagne
taste and beer income. One must be bom with the frame of mind ;
the financial state can be attained to.

Suppose, then, that you are fortunate, yes, fortunate, enough
to fulfil these conditions. You dispatch half a dozen postcards. In
a week you have received catalogues containing from 100 to 300
pages each, from MacMillans, Scribners, Oxford Press, Cambridge
Press and others, and the total cost is twelve cents ! An intellectual
feast for twelve cents! I mention these publishers because their
catalogues are especially rich in "names that are music to a schol-
ar's ear."

I believe that a victim of c.t. and b.i. (see above) should always

[323]

324 ACTA YICTOEIANA

order books by mail, because such a person, if he enters a book-
store, is almost certain to have spent all his substance before he is
ten feet from the door, before he recollects what he came for. But
at home, far from the alluring rows of books that plead to be taken
down, he can calmly and judiciously choose the volume he has long
desired to get. One who trusts to the glib advice of a clerk in making
purchases knows not the joy of book-buying, of sending for cata-
logues, comparing editions, and prices, and at last, after months of
hoarding, mailing a cheque! I say ''cheque," but in truth the per-
son I describe more often sends his remittance in postage-stamps.

Such a one is not deceived by ' ' ooze-leather gift-books, " " calf -
bound holiday editions," and similar gilded devices for securing
money from the ignorant, prodigal buyer. The reader of catalogues
knows exactly what edition he wants, why it is superior to other
editions, where and when it was published, and what it costs. He
cannot, indeed he would not, buy "complete works," editions de
luxe; his little library grows volume by volume, he admits none but
old and tried friends.

Approaching catalogues with more or less knowledge (and with
the c.t. b.i. reader it is generally "more") of literature and literary
history, one unconsciously acquires a vast amount of information
about the lives of authors, their works, the comparative value of the
different editions, and so forth. In the Pitt Press and Clarendon
Press catalogues, for example, are listed books in all ancient and
modern languages, in all departments of literature. They are store-
houses of book-lore.

But, you say, these are only masses of isolated facts, the bare
bones of literature. To be sure they are, but the loving and assiduous
reader of catalogues is able to put flesh on the skeletons. To him
they are friends whom age cannot wither (except when prices ad-
vance) nor custom stale. And while the man of champagne income
orders a dozen paper- jacketed "spring novels" at $1.50 each (Har-
old Bell Wright and his tribe), our wiser friend mails some post-
cards, from which comes a crop of thick, beautiful catalogues that
promise many happy hours. Where shall the bibliophile find greater
bliss?

FOOTST/:i'S,

Pitter-patter, pitter-patter,

Little tots to school!
Chitter-chatter, cJiitter-chaiter,

Learn tJie golden rule.

Bap-a-tap, rap-a-tap,

Racing down the street!

Thunder-clap, thunder-clap.
Boy and hoy to meet!

Skip and trip, skip and trip.

Maid of sweet sixteen!
Lip to lip, lip to lip, .

Court of love, the queen!

Tramp-a-tramp, tramp-Ortramp,

Soldier man to strife!.
Skimp and scamp, skimp and scamp,

Fiercely fighting life!

Hohhle-wohhle, hohble-wohle,

Tott'ring step of age!
Life a bauble, life a bauble.

Close the pilgrimage.

Pro-putty, pro-putty,

Doleful toll of woe!
Nobody, Nobody,

Through the gate they go.

-H.

[326]

AS HE GOES TO WAR*

I've this moment found thee,

Spirit of my dreaming;

True love flames around thee,

Past all empty seeming.

'Tis here, upon the margin of the hill,

I see thy face at last. Thou mays't my dream fulfil.

Thou art come at last.

Spirit long awaited,

I will hold thee fast.

Sweeter, joy belated.

For here, upon the margin of the hill.

My soul doth burn to pause, to stay and take its fill.

0 vow of deathless love,

At this moment given

Thou'rt registered above,

Thou'rt sealed in Heaven;

Thus, here upon the margin of the hill,

Resigned I take my leave, and bend unto His Will.

— H. D. Langford.

The Hill " upon whose other side lies the Valley of the Shadow of Death.

[326]

The Problem of the Returned Soldier

By W. E. Blatz, M.A. (Hart House, U. of T.)

TO the tune of beating drums, blaring bugles, and fluttering
flags, our boys went away with martial ti^ead. In the
fevei'ish preparations, the heart-throbbing farewells, and
the noisy departure, all is foi-gotten but the issue at hand, the
defeat of the enemy and the triumph of Right over Wrong. The
''i-eturn" is swathed in the swaddling clothes of the dim and mystic
future.

It was not until the first Hospital ship warped to her moorings
at Halifax, when the first ti-agic stretcher was passed down the gang-
plank, when the first ''Blighty" train swiftly sped from East to
West, that the people, the government, everybody realized that there
was a 'post-war' problem.

So busily was everyone engaged with winning the war that
the economic problem of the "returned" soldier was relegated to
the pigeon-hole, until he was here, ready for treatment he so
richly earned. It soon became apparent that it was the duty of ev-
ery citizen in the country to see that those who were willing to sac-
rifice their lives for the principles at stake should now be given ev-
ery opportunity to make use of those privileges for which they had
fought to the best advantage. Of wliat avail Freedom and Liberty
to a soldier so maimed that he be confined to his bed, useless, though
waiting for "something to tui'u up," if nothing be done to alleviate
his condition? Where would the Blind Hero find solace in life
if he were not educated, entertained and amused? What consol-
ation is there to the cripple if he be not provided with treatment
to modify his disabilities, and a task, however light, with utensils
adapted to his condition "to fill in the time?"

It can be said with j))'ido, however, that in no other country in
the world is the i-eturued soldier so jealously cared for as in
Canada. Nobly has Canada risen to the task. A new crisis has
been met and successfully i)assed. Late in the summer of 1914 Can-
ada was asked to meet the first real crisis in her history. Manfully
and nobly she responded, and indelibly has her name been stamped
upon the fields of Flandoi-s, and forevei* shall Vpros. St. Julien,
and Langemarck resound thi'ough the Halls of Fame.

. Our school histories give the impression that battles are mile-

[327]

328 ACTA VICTORIANA

stones for the nations. But the ' ' returned man " is a more prosaic
theme. Its trend is tragic rather than melodramic. Its anecdotes
are trite, not startling. Human suffering is far too universal to wish
to dwell on the trials of others.

From historic ages the soldier who died for his country was
honored. Witness Pericles ' speech over the Athenian heroes. Hor-
ace' Pro Patria Mori shall never die. Through the literature of all
races of all times the noble sacrifice of unselfish love for country
has been justly extolled. Less has been said of the wounded hero.
His suffering is all the more real because it must be borne through
the remainder of his life. He was, however, not neglected. In
older times it rested with the generals what fitting reward be grant-
ed to his warriors, with whom he was pleased. Caesar was wont to
send his wounded men to the well-known health resorts in Northern
Italy, there to rest in idleness and repose until recovery. Napoleon
made use of the territory conquered in Northern Africa as Spas for
his veteran heroes.

The question of pension as reward for services has been the
universal custom in all civilized armies.

The pension grant of the United States Civil War is notorious-
ly generous. It remained for the Great War with its colossal armies
to develop all its branches to stupendous proportions. Details in
former wars have assumed such importance in this gigantic struggle,
that separate departments have often evolved from insignificant
appendages — to mention only a few, the Department of Salvage,
Department of Aerial Reconnaisance, Department of lie-Education,
etc.

In Canada every returned soldier is granted a pension depend-
ing upon the extent of disability. The pension once granted cannot
be altered. Thus every opportunity is placed in the patient's way
to improve his condition, and the thought that any improvement
will lower his pension does not enter as a complication. The patient
is made to understand that those in charge of his welfare are un-
selfishly endeavoring to better his condition for his own sake as well
as for his country.

It is well to realize how very important it is to return these
men to civil life. How essential it is to wean them gradually from
the rigid discipline of the army to the ''freedom" of civil conven-
tionalities. How inadequate it would be to usher them directly
into every day routine from the uninitiative military programme,
needs no explanation. How much saner it is to have the men

ACTA VICTORIANA 329

treated under reserved military rules, as much as possible by civil-
ian doctors, in civilian institutions !

The methods employed by the Military Hospitals Commission
in Toronto and elsewhere in Canada desei-ve great credit for their
comprehensive grasp of the whole situation. The proper proportion
of discipline and latitude has been afforded with the excellently
satisfactory results now being attained. Much has been written
about the handling of casualties in France and England, from the
Front Line Trenches to the Dressing Stations, to the Casualty Clear-
ing Hospitals, to the Base Hospitals, and thence to the Convalescent
Hospitals. In Canada the depots are on the whole Convalescent
Hospitals.

The men are boarded in Quebec where some effort of distribu-
tion with reference to their disabilities is made. Medical, surgical
and mental cases are roughly the classifications. The Blind, Deaf
and Dumb are the sub-classes. In every possible case the patient is
granted leave to visit home before reporting at the hospital for fur-
ther treatment.

The Mental and Medical eases are treated in institutions ad-
mirably suited foi' the recpiirements, and we will make no further
mention of them. But the surgical cases, however, are peculiar.

Orthopaedic centres are being established all over Canada for
the reception and treatment of these classes. The best surgical ap-
pliances and services are afforded, and all the modern discoveries
and advances in surgical technique are employed to assist in the
soldier's recovery. It is found, however, that after the most skil-
ful operating the i-esult is always disappointing unless further post
operative treatment is employed, and this may be regarded as the
"new treatment" for the returned soldier.

Disabilities occur in numerous ways; bone shot away with
the subseciuent shortening of limbs; muscles excis^cd as the result of
gangrene; joints stiffened from rheumatism and splintage; func-
tions lost as the result of nervous injuries; movements inco-ordin-
ated as the result of shock and nervous strain.

All these conditions come under the head of i)ost oi)erative
ti-eatment. and many methods are employed.

Hydrotherapy is the employment of water at various temper-
atures and pressures to alleviate pain and reduce swellings.

Massage is employed to recuperate wasted muscles, to
bring back the nuti-itive functions to atrophied tissue.

Electrotherapeutics has at last found a definite field in treat-

330 ACTA VICTORIANA

ing the paralysed muscles and also in the adjustment of that most
evasive of maladies, "functional paralysis."

If after these successive treatments it is found that there is
much room for improvement, the man is still at a disadvantage if
forced to compete with a normal individual. However slight the
disadvantage, in this age of "the survival of the fittest," the handi-
cap will grow and grow instead of decrease. How long the patriotic
attitude toward the returned soldier will persist is debatable, but
there is no question that the more independent he is made of this
unselfish patrimony the better both for himself and the country.

In Europe much ip being done by curative workshops, and much
ingenuity is being displayed in the endeavor to adapt some appli-
ances to the man's disability to fit him for civilian strife. This has
obvious disadvantages, primarily the restriction to one trade, and
probably one cog in the numerous wheels of that industry ; secondly,
in this age of mechanical advancement the machine will soon out-
grow the man, and unless he is able to adapt himself to the new de-
vice by the process of natural selection it is certain he will not be
' ' selected. ' '

The only course remaining is to take the man and re-educate
him along the line of natural functions, and this branch of War
Therapeutics is being developed in Canada to as high an order as
anywhere else. The rationale of the treatment lies in encouraging
and teaching the patient to regain his normal movements either by
developing the muscles and tissue injured or by employing acces-
sory muscles to perform new movements. Thus by employing the
patient's own energy, he can adjust himself to widely varying con-
ditions, and his initiative is not cramped. By using simple devices
to develop these functions the patient is more readily brought to
his goal. Each day the patient reports for treatment, and under
the resourceful and solicitous care of a trained assistant, he is
taught to bring all his reserve energy into play in an endeavor to
ameliorate the results of his injuries.

The results that are being obtained in Hart House are ample
justification of the treatment initiated there. The enthusiasm of
the patients and their application during treatment speak volumes
for the efficiency and necessity of such treatment. The ultimate
aim is to place these men back into civil life, which they so readily
and generously resigned, so that their disability, if remaining, will
serve rather as an impetus than a handicap for their advancement.

What seems most astonishing is that within a stone's throw of

ACTA N'lCTOKIAXA

331

each other stand two colossal buildings, the results of years of
architectural evolution, within whose walls are individuals working
at the highest tension. One grou}) examining by miscroscopes, an-
alizing and synthesizing, in their mad endeavor to destroy human
life, explosives, armaments. y)oisonous gases and submarines. In the
other building a second group ])eering through mici'oscopes,analizing
and synthesizing in what seems to be a hopeless task of bringing
human life forever into the domain of their control. Thus the two
forces appear to be working at ci-oss purposes! Where is it all
going to lead ?

On Egos

S. MOOTE, 19.

THAT most conspicuous characteristic of conscious personality,
described by Lavater as ''the dear ME," affects all classes
of men who have occupied the chair of the tonsorial artist.
Nor have editorial and professorial chairs always kept free from its
subtle and sometimes insidious domination. Although the form may
be varied in every case, the trait is none the less recognizable.

The peculiar pomposity of the garrulous narrator of "deeds of
daring-do" is to be remarked in the sign-post which he — no, it is
not always he, — sets up straight and tall in every sentence, the pro-
noun belonging to the first person. But what would the world do
Avithout this so sensitive creature whose duty, self-imposed, is to
culturize civilization. Here is one more who has won the right to
wear with Wilhelm the crown of megalomania.

The ego-man has a sense of his selfishness. Reliance on oneself
is commendable, but with him selfness quickly shifts to selfishness.
Then, instead of living so that he can shake hands with himself, he
shakes everything out of your hands into his capacious pockets. His
bumptious pride — for every word that falls from his lips, every
idea he flashes upon the world must receive gushing commendation
— recalls that of the good Irish laundry-woman in her husband. In
glowing terms she told her employer hoAv handy Pat was. ' ' He had
been after making a table out of his own head, and sure, he had
enough left to make a chair." It must have been the ego-man who
first said, ''aimez-moi, aimez mon chien. " After listening to his
nonsense and hearing, like thunder-claps, the ' ' only ' ' ])ersonal pro-
noun, the impulse is to love the dog and ignore the master, — if he
will let you.

Another type of the ego-man shuts himself up in his own con-
templation and often enforces so strict a silence that he is misun-
derstood. Yet these men do things. Interesting it is to remember
how some of the greatest minds have by their apparent ''blankness"
amused the uninitiate. Canoeing on a stream in the Adirondacks,
a rough guide learned that the traveller in his boat was from Massa-
chusetts and asked him if he knew "Jimmie Lowell." "Why, no."
''You must," he replied, "he's one of your teachers at the univer-
s'ty and writes poems." "Oh, you perhaps mean Professor James
Russell Lowell, ' ' the now smiling traveller returned. ' ' Do you know

[332]

ACTA VICTORIANA 333

him?" ''Yes, ignorant cuss, isn't he"?" Inquiry revealed that
Lowell when in the mountains had arbitrarily insisted on being
taken against the current, simply to avoid the rays of the sun. The
poet, wrapped so completely in his owii meditations, enforced his
inclination to the deep disgust of the practical mountaineer. Suc-
cess falls to the ego-men of thought when they co-ordinate their
ideals and practices. Stirring news one morning surprised Eng-
land but did not move Carlyle. Informed that the Atlantic Cable
had been laid and that conversation could be had with America, he
retorted somewhat cynically, "What's the use, if you have nothing
to say ? " To have something to say implies study, preparation and
confidence. Canada wants her young men and women to understand
her problems, to school themselves that they may take some place
in evolving them. To-day the supreme type of the ego-man is the
specialist in the progress of the state. Canadians must be ready in
response to their country's call and specialized for war or peace.
Finally, have something to say. Fear not the shallow egoist,
but sure of your convictions, be the true ego-man of action.

I cannot write a noble poem.

Like Wordsworth, Burns, or Bliss.

And so I write a simple rhyme
That quickly ends — like this.

—X. E.

Joubert

A SELECTION FROM HIS THOUGHTS.*

If there is a man tormented by the cursed ambition to put a
whole book into a page, a whole page into a phrase, and that phrase

into a word, I am that man.

* # * * *

I long to blend a choicer meaning with the commoner meaning

of words, or to make the choice meaning common.

* * * * *

I do not polish my phrase, but my idea. I wait, until the drop

of light that I need is formed, and drops from my pen.

* * * * *

I long to make wisdom current coin, that is to say, to stamp it
into maxims, proverbs, sentences, easy to retain, and to hand on.
Oh! that I might discredit and banish from the language of men,

like debased coin, the words that they misuse, and that deceive them !

* # * * *

Over-emphasis spoils the pen of the young, just as high sing-
ing spoils their voice. To learn to husband force, voice, talent,

and intellect — this is the use of art, and the only way to excel.
*****

Be profound with clear terms, and not with obscure terms.
What is difficult mil at last become easy ; but as one goes deep into
things, one must still keep a charm, and one must carry into these
dark depths of thought, into which speculation has only recently
penetrated, the pure and antique clearness of centuries less learned

than ours, but Avith more light in them.

*****

There must be in a poem, not only the poetry of images, but

also the poetry of ideas.

*****

Poets have a hundred times more sense than philosophers. In
their search after beauty, they light upon more tniths than phil-
osophers find in their search after truth.

*If you were interested in Prof. Squair's article on Joubert last month, and can
read French, take out the "Pensees" from the University Library ; or, if you would
rather read them in English, get Katharine Lyttleton's translation from the Central
Public Library on Church Street, book number E. 4397. No matter what course you
are in, you will find something connected with your work to surprise you in the wide
range of the "Thoughts" — "thoughts that fly like an arrow, and bury themselves in the
attention." These are simply taken at random to entice you.

[334]

ACTA VICTORIANA 335

And what is poetry? 1 know jiothing about it at present, but
I maintain that in all the words that a true poet tises, the eye finds
a certain phosphorescence, the taste a certain nectar, the mind an

ambrosea, which are not in other words.

* # * « *

Beware of tricks of style.

• # * • *

Brevity adorned — the highest beauty of style.

*****

We only become correct by cori'ccting.

*****

There is no good and beautiful style that is not full of subtle-
ties, but of delicate subtleties. Delicacy and sublety are the only
true signs of talent. Eveiything else can be imitated — force, grav-
ity, vehemence, even ease ; but subtlety and delicacy are impossible
to counterfeit for long. Without these, your wholesome style ex-
presses only an upright mind.

*****

The true poet has words that show his thoughts ; thoughts that
reveal ; and a soul that mirrors all things. He has a mind full of

distinct images ; whilst ours are only full of confused indications.

*****

Other writers set theii- thoughts before us; poets engrave them
on our memory. They have a language, supremely dear to mem-
ory, less by virtue of its forms than of its spiritual character.
Visions spring from their words; and iiiiagos from the things they

have touched.

* « * # #

We must make ourselves beloved, foi' men are only just to-
wards those whom they love.

*****

Go ajid inquire of the young; they know everything.

*****

Politeness smooths away wrinkles.

*****

We live in an age when superfluous ideas abound, and neces-
sary ideas are lacking.

• * • * •

Without duty, life is soft and boneless; it cannot hold itself
together.

No. 4 General Hospital, Denmark Hill, London,

January 17, 1918
The Editor Acta Victoria xa,

Victoria College, Toronto.
Sir, — In future please refrain from publishing my name in your paper
as having been killed until you are quite sure that such is the case. Will
inform you later when I am dead.

Yours respectfully,

R. W. Ryan, Lieut. R. F. C,
P.S. — Ref. December number, 1917, page 154.

One morning this surprising letter came, and some explanations
later. In these Lieut. Ryan tells us he could not believe his eyes when he
read of his death in the December Acta. In our turn, we couldn't believe
our eyes when we heard that he was still alive. We don't know how in
the mischief either we heard of his demise, but somehow or other
we feel that somebody reported dead in Acta ought to be dead. It's a
queer world!

(Extract) London, January 26, 1918

Do you know, I wouldn't believe my eyes when I read of my death
in the December number of Acta. 1 don't know how in the mischief you
heard it. I was in France about two months and a half when the Italian
trouble arose and I went there with my squadron. I was in Italy about
a month before I had my almost fatal accident. A couple of us collided
in the air near the Italian line, at a height of 9000 feet. I am the one sur-
vivor. But our machines were terribly smashed in mid-air and I just
managed to get down by keeping my head. My life hung by a thread
several times before I managed it. You can easily understand that it
gave me a terrible nervous shock, and they have decided to give me a
long rest before letting me fly again.

Remember me to the others of my acquaintance at Vic.

R. W. Ryan, Lieut. R.F.C.

The following are excerpts from letters written by Lieut. Harold W.
Price, who was an Honor Science student with Year 1T9. He is the eld-
est son of Dr. Frank Price, of Sherbourne St.

In the autumn of 1916 before the Imperial Flying Corps had opened
courses of instruction for cadets in Canada, he went to England. After

[336]

ACTA VICTORIANA 337

training in Doncastcr and Reading, he left England in June, 1917, for
Mesopotamia, sailing along the western coast of Africa and then around
Cape of Good Hope. He has had several hospital experiences, the result
of sand-fly fever and the unusual climate, but he is now well and enjoying
his experiences as those letters show.

Basra, Beit Naama Hospital,

September 18th, 1917.
So when I am sailing high I am most up to God, eh! Did I ever tell
you about the first time I ever did go up high? Pardon me if I repeat it.
It was at Doncaster, when I was flying Short Horns, a very antiquated
piece of machinery. One of my pals went up to 8,000 feet one day. One
morning, a few days later, I selected one of the machines that had good
climbing abilities, and went up. I never had been above 2,000 feet before,
but I was not going to let old Trollope beat me. It was a beautiful morn-
ing, but rather cloudy, only occasionally one got a glimpse of the sun
through a hole in the clouds. I took off, and made for one of these holes,
and managed to get through it and above the clouds safely enough. This
machine was so antiquated that it did not even have a compass, but an
airman usually notices the direction of the wind on the ground and also
where the sun is. I had gone up through the clouds down wind. So taking
my direction from the sun I turned up wind. It is very easy to lose a
place on the ground when one is flying high, for everything looks different,
but by running straight up or down wind I should be able to keep the
aerodrome in view. However, the wind is never in the same direction
up high, particularly above the clouds, as it is on the ground, so all cal-
culations along those lines are only very approximate. In the meantime,
the clouds grew thicker and the holes finally closed up. I found myself
alone with the sun, flying over a beautiful rolling sea of infinite whiteness
and purity, and up there the sun was wonderfully brilliant. I was alone
In a new world. There was no earth. It was just Heaven, and, although
it seemed empty of every mortal thing, it was just full of God, and I
prayed as only one can pray when God takes one into His sanctuary.
Still I climbed on, I passed 6,000 foot with everything going fine. About
7,500 feet I began to see a break in the clouds. Then the ground came
into view beyond. That was pleasant, for it meant that I would not have
to come down through the clouds, which is risky at any time. At last
I crawled above 8,000 feet. Away below me was a town, but I saw no
reason why I should not keep on climbing, so I kept it up, but about 8,500
my engine started to miss and back fire. However, I was blissfully ignor-
ant of the danger of catching on fire at 8,000 feet, so I kept on, determined
to make 9,000 feet. At last, the indicator on the altimeter touched 9,100
feet. Then I struck her nose down and headed for home. I was over a
large reservoir or rather artificial lake, which is part of a system of canals
which led back quite close to the aerodrome. So down I came. It takes
a good quarter of an hour to come down 9,000 feet in one of those old
busses. Then something happened; my engine stopped. Yes, there was
the old prop standing absolutely stiff. That meant a forced landing in
some level field along the canal if I could not got the prop started again.
I stuck her nose down hard, and the old pilot crept up over 80, and then.

338 ACTA VICTORIAN A

finally, the prop ticked over. I breathed a prayer of thankfulness, and
pulled her out back to her normal speed of 50. It happened a second
time, but I was more confident after that. Finally I landed to find that
there was a sale blowing, that all flying had been stopped, and that one
of the instructors was off across country searching for my remains.

Lieut. Harold W. Price,

Mesopotamia, 63rd Squad, R.F.C.

63rd Squadron, R.F.C, Mesopotamia,

Beit Naama, Basra, Sept. 18, 1917.

Dear Blanche. — So this is the cradle of civilization. Well, to my mind,
it is about the most uncivilized place I've ever struck. Still, if laziness
is the mother of invention, there may be some reason for it, for these river
Arabs are about the laziest, and at the same time, meanest class of men
I have ever struck. They say the Bedouins or desert Arabs won't even
condescend to fight them.

This is a great country. It is very narrow, less than ten miles.
Through the centre runs a river which is the life of the country. It is
about a half or three-quarters of a mile wide just here, but accommodates
small ocean craft very nicely. On it is just about ever> conceivable craft
that was ever invented. In it are sharks by the million. On each side is
the border of date palms, which may be anything less than three miles
wide. Amongst these palms live the Arabs and jackals. Beyond them
vegetation peters out from low scrub to gorse and flat arid desert. In the"
scrub are rabbits and foxes. On the desert along the edge of the gorse
are gazelles and hyenas. The former are delicious, and the latter have
excellent skins. We hunt them by motor, and when we once get them
out in the desert they cannot get away from us, although a gazelle can
do about 35 miles an hour when there is a motor coming behind. Along
the river are duck, teal, herons and other water fowl. In the wood is
everything from parrots to English sparrows. Amongst the scrub and gorse
are grouse, and, occasionally, quail, but the desert hems this country
in just as truly as the ocean does an island. Imagine a clay tennis court,
perfectly level and smooth, of infinite dimensions, on which there has been
no rain for months, and whose surface has become hard and smooth under
the sun and wind, and you have the desert. It is the ideal place to learn
to ride or fly or drive a car. As for the latter, you just feel like standing
on the accelerator and closing your eyes, and if you were headed away
from the river you could do so with impunity until the gas ran out.

Last evening I was watching an Arab fisherman casting his net. The
net was circular, maybe fifteen feet in diameter, and of quite small mesh.
Around the circumference, about six inches apart, were sinkers. To the
centre was fastened a rope. The fisherman stood on the bank and watched
for fish. If it had been clear water I presume he would have baited them.
When he saw some refuse, such as a melon rind for example, rather ag-
gitated he cast his net. To do so he held his rope in his left hand, and
holding one place of the circumference in his mouth, cast it not unlike a
lassoo, allowing the sinkers to fall in a large circle around the refuse, and
the rope to slip through his left hand. Then he slowly dragged in the
rope, thus drawing sinkers together along the bottom and entangling the

ACTA VICTORIANA 339

fish in the folds of the net as he drew it up, the sinkers and large cir-
cumference bunching in at the bottom. Then it was simply a matter of
unfolding it and taking out the fish. He made quite a good catch in a
short time.

September 4th, 1917.

We are pretty up-to-date. There is an electric light and an electric
fan over my head. We get water from the tap, and it is already chlorin-
ated. We get ice and milk delivered daily. The former is an issue, and
the latter from a native farmer we have inveighled. We also get eggs,
potatoes, cucumbers, melons, pomegranates and dates locally. Milk is
eight cents a pint, eggs thirty-two cents a dozen, potatoes seventy-two
cents for six pounds, cucumbers six cents each, and watermelons, about the
size of muskmelons, sixty-four cents each; pomegranates four cents
each, flour $1.93 for half stone tin, vinegar forty-eight cents a pint. Of
course we get our army rations of meat, bread, dog biscuit, etc. Occas-
ionally someone manages to run. down a gazelle on the desert, or to shoot
some duck down along the river, or some grouse out on the scrub. That
makes a change for our larder. Incidentally there is good shooting here.
I wish I had brought a shot-gun. Besides the above we got foxes, jackals,
buzzards. Nobody shoots jackals except when they become a pest. They
prowl around our cookhouse at night. They are just a common pest here
like rats in some quarters. I have sat and watched one from ten yards.
For that matter, I am sure they have been in my tent at night. I have
seen some beautiful hyena skins; some have a big bushy mane that ex-
tends right down the back to the tail. I should love to see a couple of
hyenas fighting with those bristly manes standing out. But that is aside
from the food question.

The sugar would interest you. It is date sugar, and there is any
amount in the country. It looks like a mixture of brown and fine white
sugar, and is very good. It has its own characteristic taste. And so,
what with rations and what we get in the bazaar and what we can get
from these farmers and herdsmen, not to mention the game, we manage
to live fairly well, in fact we live real sumptuously. Won't you come over
^'or dinner to-night? We have roast hind quarter of gazelle and broiled
rabbit.

Basra, Mesopotamia.

South Africa is about the only place where they use gold now. Before
the war, North and South America were the only places where they used
paper money. . . I am in the Indian army. We have Indian servants
here who do the work. They are the water-boys or "bhistis" who keep
the stone water jars or "chattis" full. The water here is kept in big
porous earthen jars; it percolates through, so the outside is always moist.
These are then put in the shade in the draught, such as an open window
on the shady side of the house, and even when the temperature is 120
degrees, you can get a fairly cool drink from them. Then they also water
the trees and the garden. Around each tree is a little hollow, and these
are all connected by a system of ditches to the place where they draw
water from the river.

They put up a couple of posts and pivot a nice long pole between them.

340 ACTA VICTORIANA

On one end they put a weight, such as a sand bag, and on the other a
bucket, or rather a basin, on the end of a rope, and so adjust them that
the weight will just nicely pull up the basin of water. These basins will
hold as much as several of our pails, and are fastened a little way below
the edge so that they will tilt quite easily. Then they simply give a pull
on the rope and that throws this weight up in the air, and the basin falls
into the water. Then the weight pulls up the water and the "bhistis"
gives the basin a tilt and the rope another pull. When they get these
things going they can make them go as fast as the pendulum of a grand-
father clock, so they can soon get a lot of water up.

October 30, 1917.
You mention Sennacherib. He is an old friend of mine. Yet, a bit
mature now. He did a lot for the country, and the best of it is that he
kept a record of it. He conquered downstream just as we are working up.
Then he built a fleet on the gulf, and his admirals kept remarkably ac-
curate and detailed records. One of the most interesting exploits was a
naval expedition against the Elamites. He mobilized his navy and marines
at the mouth of the Tigris at a post which is to-day a few miles above
Ezra's tomb. From there he put out on the gulf and landed at the mouth of
the Karum at a point ten miles below Ahuaz.

Mr. Dyer, '17, in a letter to a friend, wishes to send his heartiest
thanks to the girls of '17 for the Christmas parcel they sent to him. He
has been in France a little over two months now.

R. F. C.
Ten thousand high I boldly fly,

A darting speck against the sun;
Who dares my path must meet my wrath.

The dread staccato of my gun.

Proudly I said mid shrapnel hail,

With smoke clouds searching for my death;

My wings are scarred and bullet marred,
But still unharmed I draw my breath.

With eagle eye the ground I spy

And mark the foeman's toilsome line,

Fearless, elate, master of fate.

Drinking the ozone's anodyne.

The stinging race and dustless air.
The thrill of never-equalled speed,

The sense of power make my brief hour
Worth Ages spent on lesser meed.

And if at last my lot be cast

And, hurtling downward to the fray.

Swift end be mine, do not repine.
Suffice it I have known my day.

Enough I saw the higher law,

Enough my glorious game I played,

Enough I die in my blue sky,
Self-justified, and unafraid.

— Oould.

ACTA VICTORIANA

EDITORIAL STAFF, 1917-18.

C. R. GREENAWAY, '18 - - . - Editor-in-Chief
MISS L. J. TICKELL. '18 ) xit^rarv MISS J. O. SMITH . ., , ,. '

F. C. JENNINGS, '18 / ^>t«rary A. McGOWAN. '19 Athletics

G. W, MOORE, C. T. - - - - Missionary and Religious
N. E. SHEPPARD. '18 - - - - Scientific

D. M. STIMSON, '19 )

DORA V. SMITH '18 ) " " ' " Personals and Exchanges

MISS G. M. FIFE, '19 \ t i

S. A. MOOTE, '19 / ■ ' " " " Locals

BOARD OF MANAGEMENT.
H. C. BINKLEY, '18 . - . . Business Manager

W. H. BOUCK, '19 - - - Circulation Manager

ADVISORY BOARD.

C. E. AUGER, B.A.
GEO. H. LOCKE. M.A.

TERMS: $1.25 A YEAR; 25 CENTS THE COPY.
Contributions and Exchanges should be sent to C. R. Greenaway, Editor-in-Chief.
"Acta Victoriana" ; business communications to H. C. Binkley, Business Manager, "Acta
Victoriana," Victoria College, Toronto.

EDITORIAL

A recent conversation between a graduate and under-graduate of
Victoria struck rock-bottom when first launched by beginning some-
thing like this: The graduate with a serious interest in the struggling
hopeful asks, "Are you keeping up with your work?"

Prompt and decisive, embraced in a monotone, came the reply, "No!"

"Are you satisfied with residence life?"

The same stirring response. A little more detailed enquiry seemed
to lead to the conclusion that at college nobody ever got his or her work
done, was never able to enter really enthusiastically into any activity which
particularly appealed to him, and consequently towards the close of his
final year was harrowed by a vague feeling of lack of attainment, of per-
haps not exactly time wasted but time not judiciously and economically
spent, and even possibly a sense of the "buried talent."

Why, in all reason, should such come to, be the case in the very place
where, to an outsider, it would seem every opportunity for just the opposite
existed? Here lies the paradox. It is not lack of opportunity that is to
blame but too great a profusion of attractions, coupled with students lack-
ing definitcness of purpose and strength of will, also the conscientious
support of institutions valuable at one time but by the natural law of
change supplanted by others.

Said the graduate, "Discussion groups seem to be the order of the day
at present. Why not let them take the place of other Institutions."

The student's eyes lighted up at the name. "I belong to three," she
said (Yes, you may as well know the women are responsible this time).

[341]

342 ACTA VICTORIANA

"Drop two of them," said the elder, "and kill off several of the non-
essentials."

This is one point of view. We do not wish to dogmatically lay down
laws of conduct for anyone, but it occurred to us that this view was worthy
of consideration.

Partly as a result of the conversation referred to, yet more truly the
culmination in outward expression of much the same ideas latent in the
minds of a small group of students, in a certain large college residence,
a resolution sprang into being, to be signed by those who desired. We
quote its terms because they appealed to us as sound common sense and
good suggestion.

1. To study at least forty hours per week, including lecture hours.

2. To rest eight hours out of every twenty-four.

3. To go to bed at a reasonably early hour.

As the term is drawing towards its close (we know how our readers
enjoy being reminded of that auspicious fact) it seems to us forty hours
is little enough. But what a splendid standard it would be for a whole
college year! Let us put it this way — eight hours per day during five
days, with Saturday as a saving loop-hole on which to atone for sins of
omission in the past. King Alfred regulated his life thus — eight hours
for work, eight for rest, and eight for all other contingencies. Doubtless
some critics consider the forty hour estimate insufficient, but its propa-
gators remind us of the myriad legitimate college duties not coming within
its compass — executive meetings, discussion groups (except when an in-
tegral part of the work outlined in the calendar), athletics, debates, even
writing editorials for Acta itself. "Whew!" you exclaim, and if you are
in the majority probably a cold shudder runs down your spine. But
wouldn't even a plunge in a slippery pool of March slush be ultimate gain
if some of us were roused from that passive line of least resistance which
begets a half hearted endeavor along a score of lines and too often makes
us lose sight of the real reason we are here— to get something we cannot
get anywhere else. What is fine in itself may cause disaster to some.
Therefore we commend to the scrutiny of our readers the forty hour basis
as making for that much talked-of and greatly desired individual, the
good, "all-round" sort. We were rather astonished to find the very motto
for this suggestion in the mouth of none other than Mephistopheles as,
disguised in Dr. Faust's long robe, he exhorts the student, "Doch Ordnung
lehrt euch Zeit gewinnen."

Perhaps our readers would prefer to take their counsel from a more
orthodox Englishman. If so let them meditate on Ruskin: "Temperance
in the nobler sense .... means the power which governs the most
Intense energy and prevents its acting in any way but as it ought."
Or re-consider the well-known little verse of Thos. Ingoldsby:

"Be just, and be generous, don't be profuse! —

Pay the debts that you owe, — keep your word to your friends

But — don't set your candles alight at both ends."

The Minenwerfer

By Khan Tene

Guaranteed Uncensored

President Wilson's famous watchword ''the world safe for
democracy" is now bein^ extensively parodied "democracy safe
foi" the world." Have we herein problems enunciated which really
admit of solution? If so. what is the surest, swiftest, most per-
manent means?

In the anarchy of Russia, the smouldering revolt of Ireland,
the sullen aloofness of Quebec, we have apparently widely diverse
manifestations of what is at base a simple definite problem, — of
education. We see the Bolsheviki frankly committed to the de-
struction of Russian and all other nationality in order to found an
international socialistic fraternity. The Sinn Fein, on the other
hand, yearn to revive one of the oldest nationalities of Europe and
to set it apart by itself. The Quebec Nationalists, so far as analy-
sis of their aims is possible, desire to step out of their present en-
vironment and destiny as co-partners in the development of an em-
br>'o nationality and found a republic modelled on that of the Moth-
er Country they have repudiated.

At a time when the very existence of freedom is at stake in a
world war, the obvious procedui'e is to summarily compel a cessa-
tion of such academic, visionary, suicidal propaganda, and rudely
bring a deluded populace to its senses. But in so doing democracy
admits the necessity of coercion and justifies itself through the
strong arm of might. It is as inconceivable that coercion can ever
again le righteously and efficaciously employed to save a people
f)om themselves as that chuity caa eliminate destitution. A nation
cannot be indicted, for it is sovejeign; but it must be educated or
it will perish. Where shall we look among the despotisms for a
more outrageous tyranny than that of an ignorant, bigoted "pop-
ular" democracy? "Democracy safe for the world" may seem the
slogan of the reactionary ; it belongs rather to the educationist.

The Hun, even, surpassed civilization in his appreciation of
education, though he has prostituted it to the vilest ends. Both in
organization within and in propaganda abroad he has excelled.
And while we have fought for abstractions such as the vague * * prin-
ciples of democracy," strong in the righteousness of our cause and
scorning anything le.ss grandiose, he has deprived us of our Russian

[343]

344

ACTA VICTORIANA

ally and almost of Italy, to say nothing of the attitude he has en-
gendered in Spain and other neutrals. Nor has the assistance been
inconsiderable which he has received through the snares contrived
by unscrupulous or fanatical opportunists amongst the illiterate
and primitive peoples of Quebec and Ireland.

Why is education not raised to the national importance of mili-
tary and naval defence as a bulwark of the national security? The
Dominion of Canada has been persistently ignoring a supreme op-
portunity to weld the elements of a powerful national spirit.
Surely provincialism is now a matter of history. Internationalism
is yet a remote ideal. But the problems of democratic nationalism,
next to an Allied triumph, demand the immediate, earnest, enlight-
ened eft'ort of the world.

Personals and Exchanges

J. A. Ayearst, '94, (of the famous
firm of Ayearst, Baird and Hazen)
of old Victoria days, is still bringing
the unrighteous to repentance by
the "terror of the law" in connec-
tion with the License Commission
at the Parliament Buildings. Were
all Civil servants as efficient as he,
we would hear less about "patron-
age" in political affairs.

R. A. Daly, '91, now Professor
of Geology in Harvard University,
has gone to France to lecture in the
Y.M.C.A. training camps of the
American Army. We wonder what
his subject will be. Professors seem
to be in demand, and we are hearing
now of Khaki Colleges, which are
supposed to deal with Re-Education,
whatever that mysterious word may
mean.

Alice Fife, '04, spent three weeks
at the "Union" on her way from
Cambridge, where she had been vis-

iting her sister, Mrs. Emmerson,
who was Mary Fife, of '98.

Hazel Moffatt, '16, is giving even-
ing lectures on Household Science
in Peterboro.

Medeline Fissette, '18. who is
working in a bank in Brantford, de-
lighted her friends at Annesley by a
week-end visit.

1913 had a dinner and re-union on
Tuesday, February 12th, at the Un-
ion. Seventeen of the old year man-
aged to get together again. Dinner
was followed by toasts and an inter-
esting account of some of his ex-
periences at the front, by Dr. Reg.
Smith.

Wo notice that W. H. Schofield,
'89, Professor of Comparative Liter-
ature at Harvard since 1906, has
been appointed Exchange Professor
for this year to Knox, Beloit, Carle-
ton, Grinnell and Colerado Colleges.

ACTA VICTORIANA

345

How would it do to have Exchange
Professors over here now that Ber-
lin and other academic centres in
Europe are closed to visitors from
other lands?

Signallers S. M. Sweetman, '19,
and L. W. Miskelly, '19, have writ-
ten to the effect that the Christmas
boxes arrived in excellent condition
and were greatly appreciated by all.

Word has been received that Sprs.
J. E. White, '18, A. B. Stevenson,
'18, L. Keeling, '19, and L. G. Smith,
'19, arrived safely at Seaforth Camp,
Sussex, England, about the 1st of
January, after a pleasant passage.

The many friends of Lieut. Mere-
dith Huycke, '18, who enlisted
shortly after the outbreak of the
war, will be glad to welcome him
back to Victoria again. He was
wounded last May and invalided
home in October. He is still on
leave and hopes to write his exams,
this spring with 1T9.

PARRISH. — Accidentally killed,
in England, on Friday, January 11,
1918, Flight Lieut. G. L. Parrish,
only son of Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Par-
rish, of Caledonia, in his 19th year.

CALEDONIA AVIATOR'S DEATH.

Caledonia, Jan. 18. — Mr. A. W.
Parrish, manager of the Standard
Bank of Caledonia, received a mes-
sage, on Friday, January 11, that
his son George, Flight Lieut., was
seriously injured in an aeroplane ac-
cident in England, and the next ev-
ening another message came an-
nouncing his death. He was a Vic-
toria student in residence at Bur-
wash Hall last winter, and enlisted
with the Flying Corps. He made

rapid advancement and expected in
a few days to get to France. He
was a tine athlete, of sterling char-
acter and very popular at college
and in his home town.

VARSITY M.P.P. RETURNS.

A regular " fighting parson " is
Capt. Robert Pearson, member of
the Provincial Parliament for Alber-
ta, who recently sailed for Canada
on leave to attend the forthcoming
session of the House. During his
undergraduate days at Victoria Col-
lege, where he took his arts course
with class '04, "Bob" Pearson, as he
was popularly called, took a prom-
inent part in all forms of student
sports. He was especially well
known as a Rugby player and a
member of the athletic directorate.
After graduation he went west and
accepted the pastorate of a church
in Calgary. When the call to arms
came he enlisted in an Albertan in-
fantry battalion and went overseas
with the rank of lieutenant. He
was later promoted captain, and af-
ter being wounded in 1916, trans-
ferred to the military Y.M.C.A., with
whom he has been serving in
France until his election as soldier
representative necessitated return-
ing to take over his parliamentary
duties.

A confirmation of the news of the
death, from wounds, of Lieut. Wal-
ter U. Cotton, has been announced
at the University. He was r. stu-
dent at Victoria College in 1912-14.
He enlisted with the O. F. C, and
went overseas about a year ago, be-
ing attached, on completing his
course, to the Lancashire Fusiliers.
His home is in Newton, Nfld. He
was wounded last summer.

V. C. WOMEN'S VOCATIONAL
CONFERENCE.

Some wise men around the Univer-
sity tell us that we are not getting
an education at all, if while going
through college we dare contemplate
future means of earning our bread
and butter. If this be so, Victoria
women have fallen from grace in
their new venture, "The Vocational
Conference," and that everyone
voted it "just grand" shows how
deeply they have sunk into the mire.
Friday evening, February 22nd, Mr.
Crawford, Editor on the Globe staff,
set forth the charms of Journalism
as an ever widening field for women.
Miss Lillian Smith also spoke on
Library work, especially library
work with children. On Saturday
afternoon an interesting discussion
on Social Service was led by Mr. A.
H. Burnett, Miss Julia Heyl and
Miss Lane.

During these meetings the burden
of the refrain seemed to be, "Take
up these branches of labor for the
love of the work, but never hope to
become wealthy." Imagine then the
relief it was on Saturday night to
hear Miss Wiseman, who spoke on
business opportunities for girls,
mention salaries which almost took
one's breath away. Miss Harvey then
pointed out the need of girls for
farm work this year, both for fruit
picking and on mixed farms. The
Conference concluded Sunday after-
noon with a discussion on Mission-

ary work in Japan, led by Miss
Allan.

The girls all agreed that the Con-
ference had done much to straight-
en oul their tangles as to their fu-
ture sphere of activity. As one girl
said, "It gave me some ideas, and it
is always well to have ideas."

SENIOR RECEPTION.
Time Flies. — The obvious retort
of the small boy would be, "I can't.
Their flight is too swift. However,
time does fly, and another Senior
Reception has come and gone with
its usual Farewell Speeches and Ex-
change of Stubs. The program was
especially interesting. After a few
remarks by Prof. Ford, Honorary
President of the year, the wonder-
ful way in which 1T8 has "rambled
right along" through Vic was set
forth by the class historian. The
Sticks then changed hands, all the
speakers being so enthusiastic that
it was hard to tell whether it was
more blessed to give than to receive.
The prophecies were read to the
jingle "For I dipt into the future,
far as human eye can see," and
were voted as "just suiting" each
particular individual. The enter-
tainment was greatly added to by a
vocal solo by Miss M. Talbot, and a
violin selection by Mr. F. J. Baine,
after which everyone repaired to the
halls where the University Orches-
tra was already tuning up. At the
end of the seventh prom, the differ-

[346]

ACTA VICTORIAN A

:U7

ent years grouped together and gave
their yells. The evening was brought
to a close by singing "Auld Lang
Syne" and the National Anthem.
Then all was over but the running
of the "fearful gauntlet"— from the
Ladies' Cloak Room to the main
door— which is very amusing for the
gauntlet but "just dreadful" for the
runners.

Prof. Edgar. — "Now Scott's novels
are not philosophic like those of
Henry James, George Eliot, George
Meredith and men like that."

Miss Od-11, '19, (after a philoso-
phy lecture). — "Well, Mary, are you
or aren't you?"

Miss My-s, '19. — ^"The dear knows!
I think I will."

Prof. Augi^r (lecturing on Para-
dise Lost). — "Now, ladies and gen-
tlemen, you will have to get used
to a Hell — with a geograpliy and a
climate."

Miss A. W-nt-r, '18, (speaking of
the talk on Re-Educational Work,
given by Dr. Bott). — "Isn't it odd?
When I came into the room Miss
Sparling was just speaking of Y.W.
C.A."

Miss C-rt-y, '19. — "That is queer.
When I came in she was just men-
tioning the leader of the opposition."

Miss Fl-nd-rs, '18. — "How strange!
Wlien I came in Dr. Bott was speak-
ing of the Mentally Deficient."

Miss F-f- (1T9).— "It's awfully
hard trying to make dates with
Farmer's during October and No-
vember."

Miss -v-ns (1T9).— "Well, I should
think you could have a better time
with city men, anyway."

Miss M. Sm-th, '19. — "I'm writing
an essay on the devil this week."

Miss Ev-ns, '19. — "Oh, well, you
ought soon to get well icarmed up
to your subject."

First Sophette. — "I have to go to
a party dressed like Mary Pickford.
Whatever will I do with my hair?"

Second Sophette. — "Why, Cur-

lette!"

First Senior. — "if I could get my
hands on that cat at the Union, I
know what I'd do!"

Second Junior. — "What?"
First Junior. — " Skinner, of
course!"

Exams I love, I do declare it.
Who dares to call them bosh?

For if we had to pass on merit
I still would be a Frosh.

— D. V. S.

B-nk-y.— "Say, Stan., I want an
adjective descriptive of a pig. You
see, if it were an ass I could say
asinine."

St-n. — ^"Well, try porcupine."

Freshettc (noticing Gunn's street
car advertisement — Fancy New Laid
Eggs). "Yes, just fancy!"

Grad. of '17 (finds Faculty work
interesting). — "Girls, I just had an
awful time with that class this
morning. I had the responsibility^
of thirty children hanging on my
shoulders."

A ca, did you notice on p. 156 of
the December Rebel, the account of
case 208. — " Supposed to drink
(mother of 205)." We imagine that
might be enough to drive any wo-
man to drink.

348

ACTA VICTORIANA

D-k-n-s-n (at rink). — "You know,
I know what it is to be too popular."
Miss W-ll-ms.— "What!"
D-k-n-s-n. — "Yes; you see, I "

Smith (to Spanish master). — "I
won't be taking Spanish any more,
sir."

Span. Prof. — "Hum! Are you the
guy that's always unprepared?"

Smith. — "Yessir."

Span. Prof. — "Then, I'm glad to
hear it."

Smith. — "There's two of us, sir."

Bouck (noticing two vacant
chairs and Bl-ckb-rn who has just
rushed in, late for dinner). — "Sit
right down, Bishop, there's your
place."

W-st-n, '21, (pulling vigorously
upon a door on which were the let-
ters PUS H).— "Oh, I beg your
pardon. I'm so used to Ottawa,
where everything is pull."

Dean Wallace (in Chapel). —
"Now, I have an announcement to
make which will interest every one,
both the students and the ivomen.''

Miss M. Sm-th, '19, (talking of the
oratorical contest). — "I think I
should like to speak on Supersti-
tion."

Miss 0-d-l, '19,.— "And let them
put the lights out, and make it
creepy."

Miss F-ll-r, '21.— "Why, yes! And
then if they did that you could
read your paper, and none could see
you."

One of our professors tells an in-
teresting story of a young lady who
was working on the farm this sum-
mer. She was given a peck measure

and asked to put a bushel of wheat
in a bag. She put in two measures
and stopped. The farmer pointed
out the mistake and told her to put
in two more. "Oh," said she, "I'm
so sorry. This work is so entirely
new to me. You see I've never done
anything but teach school."

Where do you suppose all our
poets and might-be-poets and ought-
to-be-poets have concealed them-
selves? Will the first person who
finds their whereabouts please com-
municate with us, for we want to
talk to them extra specially.

At the 2T1 sleighing party it was
announced that no man could go
without a partner.

Moore, C. T. (later). — "Have you
got a man yet?"

Miss R-ss-t-er. — "No."

Moore (in high glee). — "Come a-
long, then."

THE FIGHTITs'G PAR.SON.

Frid. (the morning after the tie-
game with U. C, pointing to his
beautifully decorated left eye). —
"This is what you get for upholding
the honor of the college."

Prof. Langford — "Why, what were
you doing?"

Frid. — "Playing basketball."
Prof. — "How did it come out?"
Frid. — "Oh, it ended in a dispute."
Prof. — "Yes, so I see."

B. F. Gr-n, B.A., (after Sat. Feb.
23). — "What did you do with all the
girls, N — 1, you looked like a young
Turk, taking his harem out for a
stroll?"

Neal 2T0. — "Oh, there's safety in
numbers, Burdge."

B. F. G. — "I thought my safety
would be in Exodus."

ACTA VICTORIANA

349

Roseborough 2T1 (to Blachford).
"You are in the same year as Alox.
MacGowan, are you not?"

Blatchford. — "No, I'm in my
fourth year."

Roseborough. — " Pardon me, I
thought he was your senior."

Dean Wallace (to class in N. T.
Theology). — Now, next period we
will deal with the personal 'agents
of the Devil.' Unfortunately, we
have to do it in more ways than
one."

call a man by his own name, you
would call him. son-of-a ."

Prof. Hooke (to History Class). —
"The Semitic races are superstitious
about exact numbers and names,
that is why, in Hebrew, you wouldn't

There was a young freshman, a

daisy.
Whom no one could designate lazy.
But he started to cram
In the middle of Jan.
So that people all thought he was
crazy.

— N. E.

"Little Bo-Peep. fell fast asleep" —
You know how the old story goes.
But minding sheep does not induce
sleep
As soon as "Latin Prose."

— N. E.

TMLETICS

WOMEN'S ATHLETICS.

In tennis and basketball this year
we have experienced only the joys
and delights of winning. Now in
hockey we are going through the
heart-rending anguish of losing. The
first two hockey matches of the sea-
son— the one with St. Hilda's and
the other with University College —
were both lost by the wonderful
score of 1-0.

We realize, of course, that we
were attempting a great deal in try-
ing, or even thinking of winning the
three championships, and, perhaps,
we really deserve to lose. Lose did
you say! Steady there! ! We have
only lost two games, and there are
yet two to be played.

Are we downhearted? No! Not
by a good deal!

INTER- YEAR GAMES.

There are vague rumors in the air
that the inter-year basketball games
are to be played soon. Every one is
showing her usual ardent enthus-
iasm, and it is to be hoped the
games will be finished sometime this
year. There is always some rivalry
as to which year will have its name
engraved on the silver cup along
with the ancient heroes who played
basketball before us.

The hockey inter-year games will
be scheduled after the inter-faculty
games are finished.

350

ACTA VICTORIANA

INTER-YEAR HOCKEY.

The final games of the season here
are those between the various years,
— and of course with that word
"final" goes the idea of fast, furious,
exciting, and the inevitable drawing
forth of all the Burwash "fans." But
in trying to make these games "the
final ones of the season" our enthu-
siasm sometimes gqes too far, with
the result that the ice is not always
ice.

Our endeavors last year certainly
proved fatal, for the deciding game
between the Freshettes and Juniors
was not played off until Thursday
morning, February 21, 1918, — and of
course by that time the Freshettes
had developed into noble Sopho-
mores, and the Juniors into Seniors!
It was truly a most exciting game,
with a score of 3 to 2 in favor of
the Sophs, which therefore gave to
2T0 the much-coveted championship.

The first of this year's series was
played almost a week later, between
the Freshman and Sophomore years.
The boards were well lined with
rooters, and the game was a hot
one, in every sense of the word.
But 2T0 lived up to her reputation
and came out victor with a score of
3 to 0. The Freshman team, how-
ever, showed great promise, espe-
cially when one considers that the
majority of them have never played
hockey before this year. From a-
mong them, Miss Wallis and Miss
Wilmot deserve particular mention.
Of course Miss Edington starred for
2T0 throughout the game, but Miss
Hilliard on defence, and Miss Kerr
in gaol, did splendid work.

Immediately after this game the
Juniors and Seniors played off their
tie (1-1) of the week before. It was
most closely contested again, but
the Juniors summed up all their

powers and determination, and the
game ended in their favor, 3-0. Miss
Magwood played brilliantly through-
out; but the Seniors were evidently
feeling the effects of previous dissi-
pation, so as a result did not play
with their usual vivacity!

Thus it remained for 1T9 and 2T0
to fight the championship for this
year out between them,— but it is
likely to "remain" so, for again the
weather-man proved unkind. But
these games have certainly fostered
esprit de corps among the different
years, and have called forth much
good-natured rivalry. A great deal
of credit is due the coaches, too, and
we all extend to them our most
heartfelt thanks.

The line-ups are as follows:

4th Year. — D. Smith, L. Pearson,
I. Brown, H. Sparling, B. Flanders,
A. Winter, E. Watson.

3rd year. — G. Magwood, G. Fife, J.
Smith, M. M. Robinon, N. Evans, H.
Hunt, F. Tufford.

2nd Year.— G. Burwash, C. Kil-
born, M. Marshall, J. Edgington, R.
Hilliard, M. Deeves, E. Sheridan, J.
Kerr.

1st Year. — J. Rossiter, G. Wallis,
H. Dewey, M. Goulding, E. Wilmot,
M. Hewson, T. Cox..

Group honors in the Jennings Cup
series being denied Victoria this
year, the interest in hockey culmin-
ated in the inter-year series. In the
opening game '20, last year's cham-
pions, met '21. The first period
ended 3 to 0 in favor of the Sophs,
after which the game became more
even, as the Freshies tied the score
in the last two periods, the final
count being 7 to 4 in favor of the
Sophs.

There was a sound of revelry by
night when the victorious Sopho-
mores met "The Rest" of the college

ACTA VICTORIANA

351

(grads. Seniors and Juniors) in the
deciding game. For various rea-
sons, chiefly on account of the
changeable nature of the weather,
the combat was staged after the
Senior reception, play commencing
shortly after midnight and ending
about 2.15 a.m. on March 2nd. A
score of sleepy but enthusiastic
rooters encouraged the warriors,
and they were rewarded by seeing
a game in which spectacular rushes,
hard body-checks, numerous trips,
and old-time shinny alternated. Sad
to relate, fickle fortune, after smil-
ing first on one team and then on
the other, reversed the popular say-
ing that "youth will be served," for
victory finally rested with the vet-
erans. The first two periods were
scoreless, but in the third period
each side secured two goals, necessi-
tating ten minutes over-time being
played, during which " the Rest "
scored three times, the final count
being 5 to 2 in their favor.

"Tell it not in Gath," but Daiiie
Rumor has whispered that the co-
eds in Annesley discussed the game
at breakfast that morning — perhaps
there were more than a score of
spectators who witnessed that mid-
night game. Perhaps that was th«
reason the teams played so well.
Here they are:

"The Rest"— Little, Bouck, Blatch-
ford, Bentley, Lang, Denton.

The Sophs — Mutart, Luke, Gor-
don, McKinney, Johnston, Horwood.

The Frosh — Ayearst, Murgatroyd,
Graydon, Roseborough, Westman,
Linton.

INTER-YEAR BASKET BALL.

No one can complain of any lack
of class spirit in the inter-year

games. One senior expressed the
belief that inter-year games created
too much "feeling" and "jealousy"
among the years and should be abol-
ished along with traditions and oth-
er relics of the past. But "rebels"
are always with us and shouldn't be
seriously considered.

For the second time '20 has won
the shield. In the first game be-
tween the first and second years the
score was rather in favor of the sec-
ond year, 37 to 14. Yet there is a
good deal of athletic ability among
this year's freshettes. After another
year's practice they will doubtless
win recognition on the College team.
The '21 line-up was: G. Wallis and
M. Hewson, defence; L. Follick and
H. Dewey, centres; T. Davidson and
T. Cox, forwards. '20 line-up: C.
Kilborn and E. Sheridan, defence;
F. Snider and R. Hilliard, centres;
J. Edgington and J. Kerr, forwards.

The second game between third
and fourth years was very much in
favor of the fourth year (11 to 2),
largely due to the excellent defence
work of Miss Flanders.

The following were the line-ups:

Fourth Year — B. Flanders and F.
McDonald, defence; G. Watt and I. \y
Brown, centres; L. Pearson and J.
Tickell, forwards.

Third Year— G. Fife and J. Smith,
defence; H. Hunt and J. O'Dell, cen-
tres; C. Kilborn and N. Evans, for-
Avards.

The final game between the sec-
ond and fourth years was very in-
teresting. The fourth year succeed-
ed in getting the first baskets, but
'20 soon showed that they had no
monopoly in that work and the
final score was 18 to 11 in favor of
the second year.

Lines Composed on Re-visiting the
Reference Library

(Bv A Grai), with apologies to Wordsworth).

Five years have past; five summers, with the length

Of five long winters, and again I hear

That subtle grinding noise; and at the desk

A soft, insistent murmur. Once again

Do I behold those deep and lofty tomes

That on a wild secluded scene Impress

Thoughts of more deep seclusion. At the tables,

Here and there dispersed, the frenzied plug

Doth through his towsled locks his fingers run.

The day was, once, when I did here like these,

Under these same green lights — also, these same

Oft conned volumes plodded through; erstwhile

Outdoors, at this same season, budding trees

Are clad in one green hue; and tulips ope

Their red and golden lips to catch the showers.

Once more, I see the weary student enter.

Check his raincoat and umbrella, wet

From these same showers; and a maiden see

Pause, with pencil in her mouth to gaze

Sadly distracted at her new spring hat.

Reflected in the lamp-shade. Alas, I sigh.

For I have learned to look on studies not

As in the hour of thoughtless youth, a drudgery

With aimless view, but seeing oftentimes

The slow sad pageant on a bright May noon

That winds across the campus to the Hall

Of Convocation, where the last reward is won,

And the President dubs the faithful knight — B.A.

ACTA VICTORIANA

ACTA SUBSCRIBERS

^""1-118 is the last issue of Acta before the closing
of College. The " Graduation " number alone
remains, and it will leave the pres? the latter part
of May or early in June. Copies will be mailed to
each subscriber without extra charge, provided
we have his or her address.

In order to receive the Graduation number of
Acta your address MUST be left with Miss
Wilson at the College office before you leave.

W. H. BOUCK,

Circulation Manager.

Hockey Boots

Skates

Hockey Sticks

Sweaters

Sweater Coats

Pennants Cushions

Full Line of New Winter Footwear.

Brotherton's "^'^ it^f"*''

578 Yonge Street Phone North 2092

Buy «nl]r Made-in-CaiuuIa Goods.

VI

ACTA VICTORIANA

If you break your glasses

Save the Pieces— bring them to
us, we will replace your broken
lenses without the original pre-
scription and you will be de-
lighted with our service.

(Of course students discount)

Toronto Opticians, Limited

6 Bloop St. E., Toronto North 2824

CATERERS

and
MANUFACTURING
CONFECTIONERS

719 YONGE ST.

The Upper Canada Tract Society

2 Richmond Street East

Have always on hand an unsurpassed stock of

RELIGIOUS and THEOLOGICAL BOOKS

the latest and the best

Send for our Lists or call mid examine our stock.

The Imperial Press

153 Victoria Street - Toronto

J. T. SHILTON, B.A., '09, Manager

The Home of Fine Job Printing at Fair Prices

COLLEGE PRINTING IS OUR SPECIALTY

Phone Main 1289

Our Advertisers have made this possible — Justify them!

ACTA VICTORIAN A

Vll

Special Rates to Students

Tel. M. 6887

GEO. P. FREELAND

Artist and Photographer
338 YONGE STREET, opposite Gould St.

FINE TAILORED
GARMENTS

FOR
YOUNG MEN

TORONTO

LOWNDES COMPANY

Limited
142-144 West Front Street

THE

BENNETT & WRIGHT

CO., LIMITED

request the opportunity of

submitting their prices

or any

PLUMBING, HEATING

and Electrical Wiring

Work

which you may require.

Address :

72 Queen St. East.
TORONTO, CAN.

THE M. DOYLE FISH CO.

Wholesale Dealers In

FISH AND OYSTERS

26 West Market Street

Toronto

Tell Advertisers you are "from Victoria.'

viii ACTA VICTORIANA

The University of Toronto

and

University College

with which are federated
St. Michael's, Trinity and Victoria Colleges

Faculties of

Arts Applied Science Medicine

Education Forestry

Departments of
Household Science Social Service

For information apply to the Registrar of the University or
to the Secretaries of the respective faculties.

CASAVANT FRERES

Church Organ Builders
St. Hyacinthe, Que. Branch at South Haven, Mich.

Toronto Representative- -L. E. Morel, 440 Spadina Ave.

Of the 700 Organs built by this firm, those of the
following churches are some of the largest
Emmanuel Church, Boston, Mass. - - 133 stops
St. Paul's Anglican Church, Toronto - 107
Maisonneuve Parish Church, Montreal - 91
Eaton Memorial Church, Toronto - - 89
St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Toronto 88
Notre Dame Church, Montreal - - 82

First Baptist Church, Syracuse, N.Y. - 77

University Convocation Hail, Toronto - 76

Sinai Temple, Chicago. - - - - 63

And buy them only from Acta Advertisers.

ACTA VICTORIANA

IX

A full line of L. E. Waterman's Ideal
Pens and Ink always in stock

EVERY STUDENT

Some time or other wants to buy jewelry of some
kind, or perhaps it is some repairs to a watch or
jewelry. Whatever it is, we are in a position to
give the best satisfaction at the lowest possible
cost. We are always pleased to have you call
and look over our stock, and to quote you prices

W. W. MUNN

An expert Optician is in charge
of our Optical Department.

Jeweler and Optician

Enlarged Four Times

We have beenawardeil the

800 Yonge Street, Toronto connact fonhe

c * n M »k f Di c» ^ VICTORIA PIN

First Door North of Bloor Street lok Solid Ool.l. PearU.t

THE ROYAL BANK OF CANADA

Capital Paid up - $12,911,700

Reserve and Undivided Profits $14,564,000
Total Assets - $335,000,000

SAVINGS BANK DEPARTMENTS AT ALL BRANCHES

Avenue Road Branch Bloor and Yonge Branch

V. U. HEMIN6, Manager

P. SHERRIS, Manager

Private Pension

Clover Hill Hall and
Blue Bird Tea Rooms

40 St. Joseph Street

Afternoon Teas

Banquets
Dances
Sleighing and Skating
Parties catered for

High Tea Sundays 5.30 p.m.

Telephone North 471

Worth While
Clothes

Your clothing wants will
be filled reasonably and
satisfactorily if you order
them from us. Our special
guaranteed blue suit at
$25.00 is a good suit.

FOLLETT

Civil and Military Tailor

132 Yonge Street

Buy only Made-in-Canada goods.

ACTA VICTORIANA

THE BABBLING BABY

A day or two ago in the street car we sat opposite a
woman witli a baby of a year and a half old or so. It was
a cunning, smiling little baby — and very voluble. But only
three words amid the much chattering seemed to permit
of translation.

"Mum — ee," ejaculated the infant.

"Yes; Mummy's taking Baby to town." was the fond
reply.

"Dad — ee," babbled Baby, accompanied by many spirited
gestures of the arms and legs.

"Daddy wants Baby to be a good girl," said Mamma by
way of improving the occasion.

Ee — ta," gurgled the Baby after another interval of
incoherence.

"Yes, Eaton's — Mummy's taking Baby to see all the
dollies and pretty things at Eaton's."

"Ee — ta," echoed Baby.

Mummy — Daddy — Eaton's — a store among the first ex-
presions of a baby's consciousness!

THE DIET KITCHEN TEA ROOMS

72 BLOOR WEST

Luncheon, Afternoon Tea and Dinner.
OPEN SUNDAYS

DR.FRED N.BADGLEY

DENTIST

110 Avenue Road, TORONTO

Opposite St. Paul's Church
Phone Hillcrest 290

777 Yonge St. (1 block north of Bloor).
Phone North 3371.

CHAS. W. IVIACEY

Merchant Tailor

Stylish Clothes.
Large Stock of Best British Woolens.

You Get Value For Your Money
Quality and Service at

CARNAHANS'

PRESCRIPTION DRUG STORES

Cor. Yonge and Bloor Sts.,Phone N 341
Cor. Church and Carlton Sts.,

Phone Main 2186, TORONTO

Phone North 263 711 Yonge Street

H.G.COOK

DEALER IN

FRESH and SALT MEATS

Poultry, Provisions and Vegetables.

Satisfaction Guaranteed.

H. A. BASTOCK

O. K. SHOE REPAIRING

Skates Ground and Fitted.

708 YONGE STREET

(2 doors above St. Mary)

And buy them only from Acta Advertisers.

$18.75

for this $29 Rocker

It is upholstered in real
leather, is big and com-
fortable, also the chair
to match it at the same
price.

Complete ...
Ho mef urnishers

The DALE FURNITURE CO., Limited

304-308 YONGE STREET, TORONTO

E. R. WOOD

Preaident

H.C.COX

Vice-President

G. A. MORROW

Vice-President

A. B. FISHER

Capital Subscribed
Capital Paid Up
Reserve Fund
Total Assets - -

$2,500,000
1,750,900
1,750,000
9,472,824

Deposits received and
Debentures issued

CENTRAL
CANADA

LOAN & SAVINGS COMPANY
26 King Street East, TORONTO

T.A.FELSTEAD

Barber and Tobacconist

FIVE CHAIRS

802 YONGE STREET

Near Cor. Bloor and Yong*

SENIOR BROS.

(

TAILORS

AND

GOWN

MAKERS

768 YONGE STREET

TORONTO

Victoria College

IIN THE

University of Toronto

PKESIDENT

Rev. R. P. Bowles, M.A., D.D., L.L.D.

FACULTY OF ARTS
Dean : Professor J. C. Robertson

FACULTY OF THEOLOGY
Dean : Rev. Professor F. H. Wallace

All enquiries as to men's or women's
Residences should be addressed to
the respective Dean of Residence.

THE REGISTRAR