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MAKING THE MOST
Making the most of life's the thing.
Singing, if it is vour gift to sing.
Hoeing, if it is i^our gift to hoe.
Glowing, if it is DOur gift to glow.
Making the most of life — that's all;
AViswering with all of pour heart the call
Meeting the issue and standing pat
On whatever the toil life finds pou at.
Sure in pour own heart goitre trying to do
That toil the best it has ever been done
A whole world wide and a whole world through
Since the verg first era of toil begun,
-BALTIMORE SVN
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Pueblo Bonito Indian School Band, Crownpoint, New Mexico.
Pump and Power House, Pueblo Bonito School.
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*'yOT FOB SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFE''
m^
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
D*voUd to Indian Education
THF N[
PUBLIC Lib. —
G1€Q03
Votttme /5
fynu^ry3, 1914
LENOX AND
NOATIONS.
T^l ^^1 I It* A8TOR, LEN
i he Uherokee India ^•>^^'- ^^^^^
Mrs. Frank C. Churchill in the Granite State Free Press, Lebaimni Jfju ffam§tMimtt
^^■THE Cherokee alphabet or syllabary was invented by Sequoyah, George Guess, about
if I 1809, or it was begun about that time — it was completed about 1821. Sequoyah
^^ (Sikwayi) was probably born in 1760 and lived with his mother at Tuskegee town
in Tennessee near old Fort Loudon. She was of good family in the tribe. His uncle was a
chief in Echota, Tennessee. It is said his father was Nathaniel Gist, or Guess, a German^
but it may have been a soldier of the ganison; what became of the father is not known, but
the mother lived alone with her son.
His early years were spent amid the stormy times of the Revolution. As he grew to
manhood he developed considerable mechanical ingenuity, especially in silver working. He
was also a hunter and fur trader. He was near middle life before the first mission was
established in the nation, so he never attended school, and never learned to speak, read or
write the English language. He never abandoned his native religion, although he frequent-
ly visited the Moravian mission.
One day in 1809. while visiting his brother-in-law, an officer and several men came to
the house and brought a letter to his brother. After he had read it to the Indians they
said it was remarkable that white men could express their thoughts on paper, upon which
Sequoyah said he saw nothing very strange about that; he could do it. They laughed at
him, but when he returned to his home he built a little log cabin in the woods and began
work on his new alphabet He cut his characters on pieces of bark. He was considered
crazy and once his wife burned the bark and he had the work to do all over.
After a few years he reported his alphabet was completed and he called the head men
of the tribe, but it was not a success. However, in the face of ridicule and repeated failure
he still labored over the difficult characters. During these last years he taught it to hia
little ten year old daughter.
In 1CK21 he again called the head men to his house, telling them he had completed his
work. The little girl was sent to a neighbor*s and sentences given to Sequoyah to write,
the child returned and the paper given her to read, which she did without hesitation. The
Indians were surprised and delighted. A council was called and it was voted to at once es-
tablish a paper. By a hunting accident which rendered him a cripple for Ufe he fortunate-
ly had more leisure for study.
The name George Guess appended to a treaty of 1816 indicates that he was of some
prominence in the tribe.
Sequoyah was then living at Willstown on the upper branch of Coosa river in Alabama.
The alphabet or syllabary was recognized as an invaluable invention for the elevation
of the tribe, and within a few months thousands of hitherto ilUterate Cherokee were able
to read and write their own language, teaching each other in the cabinc along the road-
side.
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4 The Native American
The next year Sequoyah visited the west to introduce the new science among those
who had emigrated to Arkansas. In 1823 he again visited Arkansas and took up his per-
manent home with the western band, never returmng to his eastern kinsmen.
In the autumn of the same year the Cherokee national council made public acknow-
ledgement of his merit by sending him, through Chief John Ross, then president of the
national committee, a silver medal with commemorative inscription in both languages.
In 1828 he visited Washington as one of the delegates from the Arkansas band, attract-
ing much attention, and the treaty made on that occasion contains a provision for the pay-
ment to him of five hundred dollars, "for the great benefit he has conferred upon the
Cherokee people in the beneficial results which they are now experiencing from the use of
the alphabet discovered by him."
Sequoyah, the inventor of this alphabet, is aptly called the Cadmus of his race, and his
alphabet placed the Cherokee in the front rank among native tribes and was destined to
have great influence in their future history. The invention of the alphabet had an im-
mediate and wonderful effect upon the Cherokee's development. On account of the remark-
able adaptation of the syllabary to the language, it was only necessary to learn the
characters to be able to read at once. They built no schoolhouses and no teachers were
hired, but the whole nation became an academy for the study of the system until "in a few
months without schools or expense of time or money the Cherokee were able to read and
write in their own language." An active correspondence began between the western and
the eastern bands or divisions and plans were made for a national press with a national
library and museum at the capital. New Echota.
The missionaries at first opposed the new alphabet but soon began using it in theur
work. In the fall of 1824 Atsi, or John Arch, a native convert, made a manuscript transla-
tion of a portion of St. John's gospel in the syllabary, this being the first Bible translation
ever given to the Cherokee. It was copied hundreds of times and was widely scattered
through the nation. In September, 1824, David Brown, a prominent half breed preacher,
had made some attempt at translation of the New Testament in the new alphabet, the work
being handed about in manuscript as there was yet no type cast in the Sequoyah charac-
ters. In the same month he forwarded to Thomas McKenney, chief of the Bureau of In-
dian Affairs at Washington, a manuscript of characters with explanation, this being its first
introduction to official notice.
In 1827 the Cherokee council having formally resolved to establish a national paper in
their own language and characters, type for that purpose were cast in Boston under the super-
vision of the missionary Worcester, an uncle, I believe, of the late Dr. Worcester of Thet-
ford Hill, Vermont. Early the next year the hand press and type arrived at New Echota.
They were shipped from Boston by water to Augusta and two hundred miles by wagon
to their destination, but unfortunately the printing paper had been overlooked and had to
be brought by wagon from Knoxville, Tennessee. The first printers were two white men,
Isaac N. Harris and John F. Wheeler, with John Candy, a half blood apprentice. Elias
Boudinot, an educated Cherokee, was editor, and Rev. S. A. Worcester, above rifeferred to,
was the guiding spirit who brought order out of chaos. Cases and other equipments had
to be constructed by the printers, neither of whom understood Cherokee, but they set up
the characters as handed to them in manuscript by Worcester and the editor.
After a precarious existence of six years, this paper, the *'Phoenij(f' was suspended,
owing to the hostile actions of the Georgia authorities, who went so far about 1831 as to
throw Worcester and Wheeler, the printers, into prison. The authorities tried in vain to
compel these men to take the oath of allegiance to the laws of Georgia but they refused.
The missionaries Worcester, Butler, Thompson and Proctor being among the Cherokees by
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Januaru 3, 1914 5
permission of the agent, and feeling that plain citizenship should hold good in any part of
the United States, they all refused to take the oath Some of those arrested recanted, took
the oath and were released, but Worcester and Butler still refused and were dressed in pris-
on garb and put at hard wjrk amoag the convicts. Worcester pleaded id self defense that
he was a citizen of Vermont, and had entered the Cherokee country by permission of the
President of the United States, and approved by the Cherokee nation, that the United
States by several treaties had acknowledged the Cherokee to be a nation and the state had
no right to interfere with him. Notwithstanding he was sentenced to four years in the
penitentiary.
On March 3, 1832, his case was appealed as a test to the Supreme Court of the United
States, which rendered a decision in favor of Worcester and the Cherokee nation, and
ordered his release. Georgia, however, through her governor, defied the summons with
threats and ignored the decision, refusing to release the missionary who remained in prison
nearly a year longer, when he was set free by the will of the governor. A remark attrib-
uted to President Andrew Jackson on hearing the result in the Supreme Court may throw
some light on the matter: "John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it."
We have been told by Mrs. Robertson of Muskogee. Oklahoma, now deceased, a daugh-
ter of Mr. Worcester, that the authorities of Georgia realized after a time that justice and
decency had been outraged by their action against her father, but were undecided how to
get rid of him. They were in a bad light before the world — he had committed no crime.
They even left the prison doors open, hoping he would escape, but he would not go. insist-
ing that he must be released judicially. At last public opinion became so bitter against
the governor that he was released, and a few years later he accompanied the Cherokee
when they were forcibly driven from their homes to Indian Territory, now the state of Ok-
lahoma We have personally known many who made the emigration to the west.
The state of Georgia was determined to drive out the Cherokee and get control of their
land. Rumors of finding gold, in 1828, seem to have hastened the matter. Treaty after
treaty was made by the Cherokee but they despaired of any help from President Andrew
Jackson who was against giving the Indians any justice. Jackson was elected November,
1828. he was a frontiersman and Indian hater, and his feeling was well understood. It is
said there is good ground for believing that the action taken by Georgia was at his owa
suggestion, which shows to what extremes his hatred of Indians induced him to go.
On December 20» 1828. a month after Jackson's election, Georgia passed an act annex-
ing that part of the Cherokee country within her chartered limits and extending over it her
jurisdiction. All laws and customs established among the Cherokee were declared null and
void and no person of Indian blood or descent residing within the Indian country was hence-
forth to be allowed as a witness or a party in any suit where a white man should be de-
fendant. This beii^ the case it made it impossible for an Indian to defend his rights even
if his homestead was seized or any of his holdings taken away from him by a white man.
It was on this issue that Worcester made his legal fight, as he refused to swear allegiance
to Georgia when it had usurped the treaty. If an Indian resisted he was subject to im-
prisonment by a Georgia court. Other laws followed directed to the same end, one of which
made invalid any contract between » white man and an Indian unless proven by the testi-
mony of two white witnesses, thus canceling all debts due from white men to Indians. An-
other obliged all white men living in the Cherokee country to take a special oath of allegi-
ance to the state of Georgia on penalty of four years* imprisonment. This act was intend-
ed to drive out all missionaries and teachers who refused to countenance the spoliation,
BsA under its provisions Worcester and others were imprisoned, as already related.
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6
The Native American
The Cherokee were forbidden to hold coua-
cils or assemble for any public purpose, or to
dig for gold on their own land. All this was
done to make life so unbearable to the Cher-
okee they could not remain in their old
homes. In the House of Representatives,
Washington, the Hon. Edward Everett took
up the matter and pointed out the evils sure
to follow, when men of Georgia could invade
the Cherokee country, burn, kill, and steal,
and no Indian could appear against them.
Senator Sprague of Maine appealed for help
for the helpless people. Still the lawless
people of Georgia rushed into the Indian
country and committed all sorts of outrages,
but they were upheld by the state and, as it
appears, by Andrew Jackson himself.
The United States court forbade the execu-
tion of an Indian, but the judge sometimes
went to the place of execution and stood be-
side the sheriff while an Indian was hanged.
The Cherokee appealed to President Jack-
son but they were told no protection would
be given them. The Georgia law was in force
June 3, 1820, and the President directed the
annuity payment due the Cherokee nation
under previous treaties should no longer be
paid their national treasurer, but be distribut-
ed per capita by the agent. As a national
fund it had been used to maintain their
school, and the national press. As a per
capita payment it amounted to 42 cents to
each person, and it is easy to guess why the
schools were not wanted. Several years
afterward it remained unpaid.
Federal troops were sent to prevent In-
dians or whites from mining unless author-
ized by the state of Georgia. All these things
made the Cherokee very bitter, and who can
wonder? In September, 1830, another prop-
osition was made for the removal of the
tribe, but the national council refused to
consider the subject.
On the nineteenth of July, 1832, a public
fast was observed throughout the Cherokee
nation under order of Chief John Ross.
Several more efforts were made to induce
the Cherokee to move, and in 1834 they
stated they would never voluntarily con-
sent to move, but proposed to cede to Georgia
a portion of their territory if they could be
protected in the possession of the remainder,
but they were told nothing but removal
west of the Mississippi would do.
(Continued next week.)
More Growth For Saoatoritun
The Indian Office has recently authorized
the construction, in open market, of some
needed improvements at the sanatorium.
Work will begin on eight new bungalows,
an addition to the girls* pavilion, bath and
toilet, open air school building, warehouse
and laundry at an early date. These im-
provements, when completed, will provide
room for the accommodation of at least one
hundred patients. A complete new water
system will be installed during the present
year.
The results of the work at the sanatorium
have been so satisfactory that the Office
feels justified in putting it on a better basis
by providing additional space and good
equipment.
This locality is particularly well adapted
for carrying on such work at a small expense.
The inexpensive buildings, abundance of
milk, eggs, vegetables, etc., throughout the
year and the sunshine all combine to pro-
duce the excellent results.
Another Fire at Fort Tottei
About seven o'clock in the evening of De-
cember 3, Fort Totten was again visited by a
serious fire, which totally destroyed our splen-
did horse barn, one of the best of its kind in
the state. The flames spread so rapidly that
nothing but the stock and harness could be
saved. The fire originated in the hay loft
from some unknown cause.
There will be no attempt to rebuild before
next spring as the season is too far advanced.
A temporary structure utilizing the entire
basement of the old building will shelter the
stock for the winter. Fortunately the new
dairy barn accomodates all our dairy herd.
The excellent and rapid work constructing
the temporary bam in this emergency is char-
acteristic of the school and is worthy of the
highest commendation. — Review,
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Januarg 3, 19 J4
The Native Amemcan
entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GCXDDMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWJENTTY-FIVB CENTS A YEAR
Doiiil Thiols for the lodiaiis
Commissioner Sells of the Indian bureau
proposes a thorough investigation of the re-
lations of the government and the spoilers
to the Indians of the country. It is prom-
ised that the study will go far enough into
the past to develop the truth about the
administration of the national trusteeship
for the aborigines.
There will be found very grave difficulties
in reopening old Indian affairs. The despoil-
ers of the Indians for many years conducted
their most important operations in Wash-
ington. Moral or otherwise, and their per-
formances were largely otherwise, they en-
joyed all too generally the sanction and
coimtenance of law. The laws were very
frequently such as should not have been
passed. Many were in violation of treaties
with the Indians. Many were, in effect,
legalizations of outrageous projects in loot
But they were made the law of the land,
and in a day of quickened conscience it will
be impossible to put affairs back in the status
they occupied before the wrongs were done.
The Indian eggs have been scrambled, and
all the king's horses and all the king's men
will not unscramble them.
This is not by way of discouragement to
the good intentions and high hopes of Com-
missioner Sells. He will get done a very
great deal of good. He is one of the best
administrative officers brought into the gov-
ernment's business under the present admin-
istration. He was a long time one of the most
successful United States district attorneys
in the country, and knows government pro-
cedure, as well as the law, very thoroughly.
He is not undertaking in blind enthusiasm a
task of which he knows nothing.
The greatest service to the Indians will be
done in the wide swing of events in helping
them to free themselves from government
supervision, in making them good citizens
exactly like other good citizens. People
who know the west, as too few enthusiasts
in behalf of Indian reform do, know that
there are many thousands of splendid
citizens of full and part Indian blood, who
operate good farms, live in excellent houses,
maintain and patronize public schools, and
are leading people in their communities.
There never has been any race prejudice
against the Indian. He rather readily as-
similates with the rest of the population.
To care well for what the Indian yet has
left of his wonderful estate, to help h'm to
adjust himself to the new relationship in
which he will be most useful to both him-
self and the community at large, is the thing
that will best serve the Indian. Com-
missioner Sells makes clear that he has all
this in mind, and if he succeeds as well as
his experience and abilities should forcast,
he will make his administration a bright
spot in Indian history. — Washington Times.
Civil Senrice EiamiBatioa
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exam-
ination for logger, for men only. From the
register of eligibles resulting from this exam-
ination certification will be made to fill a va-
cancy in this position at $660 a year in the
San Juan Indian school. New Mexico, and
vacancies as they may occur in positions re-
quiring similar qualifications, unless it is
found to be in the interest of the service to
fill any vacancy by reinstatement, transfer,
or promotion.
The principal duties of the specific position
mentioned above are the handling of mules
and the transportation of logs through the
mountains.
For further information write to the United
States Civil Service Commission, Washing-
ton, D. C.
Miss White left Wednesday evening for
northern California on an official errand.
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The Native American
m
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL
INTEREST
ky
Mr. Essary, day school teacher at Black-
water, spent the week end at Phoenix.
Miss Phelps gave a taffy party Tuesday
evening for the pupils who were In the recent
spelling contest with the public school chil-
dren of Phoenix.
Supt. and Mrs. C. W. Goodman were "at
home** ThursJay afternoon and evening
when several score of friends called to wish
them a happy new year.
Dr. Breid left Thursday evening for Covelo,
California, to accompany a party to Phoenix.
He expected to stop enroute at Monrovia and
visit the Pottenger sanatorium.
Mrs. Annie C. Hoffman, field matron at
Sacaton, drove over the first of the week
from the reservation and spent several days
of her annual leave visiting friends.
Miss Tillie Chapman is enjoying a visit
from her mother. Mrs. Chapman lives in
Wisconsin, but has been spending the winter
at Sacaton with her daughter Mrs. Jessie
Morago.
Mrs. Edna L Plake has resigned her posi-
tion as laundress and left this week to join
her husband who is farmer at Casa Blanca
on the Pima reservation. Phoenix loses an
efficient employee in Mrs. Plake, but her
friends here trust she will like her new
home.
Miss Chingren, our outing matron, found
one of the most pleasant surprises of the
season awaiting her Wednesday evening of
last weekSwhen she returned home from the
Christmas Eve program. A beautiful clock
stood on her doorstep labeled, "From Some
of the Outing Girls and Boys.** It is a mahog-
any case, Thomas works, and Miss Chingi^n
says will last her all her lifetime.
The Phoenix Indian school tennis players
were delighted to have several sets last
Saturday with Sacaton players, and are
hoping to be able to play the Sacatonites on
their own courts some time in 1914. Mrs.
Armstrong and Mrs. Crouse were the visitors
to take part in ladies* doubles against Miss
Mayham and Miss Phelps, and for the second
time went home victorious. In mixed dou-
bles, however, Mr. Venne and Miss Mayham
won against Mr. and Mrs. Crouse.
This week the tinner and painter completed
work ont he cornice of the new office; the capi-
tals were placed on the columns in front; the
ceiling of the porch was plastered; and the
new ornamental iron lamp posts were erected
on each side of the front steps.
Mr. Lee C. Hardy started early New Years*
morning for Hoopa Valley, California, having
been appointed disciplinarian there. Mrs.
Hardy and Gerald will follow when the weath-
er improves on the north coast Mr. Hardy
has made many friends here by his accom-
modating spirit and genial manner.
Eye Hospittl Notes
There have been several reservation pa-
tients at the hospital for eye treatment dur-
ing December. In most cases they were
operated on for trachoma and the after treat-
ment begun.
The following had their eyes treated: Mrs.
Manley Lewis and Hattie Scoffer from Black-
water and Mrs. Harry Enas of Gila Crossing,
Pima; Henry Throsel, a Papago boy from the
Tucson school; Ashti Yazza from Leupp, and
Elizabeth Curley and children from Ganado,
Navaho; and Sam Kill a Mohave- Apache man
from McDowell.
A number of girls also who are working
out in town, have been at the hospital for
treatment of the eyes.
The general operations for trachoma in
the cases of the new pupils, having the dis-
ease, who have entered the school since the
opening of the fall term, have been complet-
ed. These, and a large number who were op-
erated on last year and the year before, come
to the hospital once or twice a week for the
after treatment. This is being kept up con-
tinuously until the membrane of the eyelids
becomes smooth and clear.
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January 3, l9l4
9
Dr. and Mrs. Joe J. Taylor of San Carlos
stopped at the school enroute to Supai agen-
cy, Arizona, whence the doctor is transferred
as superintendent and physician.
Mr. Kisto Jackson of Casa Blanca and Miss
Lucile Wellington were married at the manse
at Saltriver in presence of a few friends De-
cember 31. Mrs. Jackson is a sister of Mr.
Joseph Wellington who is a senior in the
Charles H. Cook Bible school.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Pueblo Bonito School, Crownpoint,
New Mexico
By Special Correspondent,
The program rendered Christmas eve was en-
joyed by all present. Many of theolderlndians
attended and saw their first Christmas tree,
and Santa Claus was '*3ure enough there/* be-
ing impersonated by Mr. Polk our industrial
teacher. Many useful presents were distribut-
ed. The music furnished by the band was es-
pecially enjoyed by our white neighbors pres-
ent, and compliments were passed.
It has being snowing nearly every day and
the sleighing is fine over the pass. A bob
sled has been made and the cow-sleigh bells dis-
turb the stillness of the atmosphere.
Several persons have seen tracks near the
school of mountain lions and it is reported that
several horses have been killed by them.
The employees entertained at dinner, Christ-
mas day, Superintendent Stacher and family,
Mr. and Mrs. Burt and son Raymond, Mr. Olin,
Indian trader, and Charley McGinn, his clerk.
The table sagged in the middle from the
weight of the elaborate fare that was placed
thereon and to which all did justice.
Mr. Polk has accepted a transfer to Otoe
school, Oklahoma, as industrial teacher and
will leave for there about January first. His
wife and family live near there.
A strong flow of water was struck at about
ninety feet, in the test for artesian water north-
west from the school, and now stands sixty
feet from the surface. Mr. Via has drilled at
this time two hundred feet. A car load of ten
and twelve inch heavy casing is now at the
railroad and teams are preparing to freight it
out.
Repair of wagons and tools to be prepared
for spring work is the order of day.
Closing up property and finance accounts
for the quarter is on at the office and Mr.
Roberson has the work well in hand.
Every school and agency in the service
should be represented with a correspondent to
at least some one of the numerous Indian
school journals. Employees are always inter-
ested in the news of the Service and the In-
dian journals are the best factors for supplying
same.
Ganado, Arizona
By Special Correepondent
The Presbyterian school entertained nearly
three hundred Navaho at dinnerChristmasday,
in the school dormitory.
Dr. James D. Kennedy presented two hun-
dred silk flag-j, twelve by eighteen inches, to
the Navaho people at the Christmas exercises
in the church. These flags were gifts from
the Lafayette Post, Grand Army, of New York
City.
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Tippecanoe and family
were entertained at dinner, Tuesday night, at
the Presbyterian hospital. Mr. and Mrs. Tip-
pecanoe are now occupying the former inter-
preter's house on the mission grounds.
After the dinner, Christmas, the people
passed to the Presbyterian hospital where they
received gifts.
The school is progressing nicely; we cannot
accept any more students until next term, for
lack of room.
Flandreau, South Dakota
The Weekly Reiiew.
School will open next week with two vacan-
cies in the class rooms. Miss Wolcott who re-
cently came to us from Oklahoma resigned and
left for her home Monday, and on Wednesday
Miss Harrington severed her connection with
the Indian school service.
Married at the M. E. parsonage on Christmas,
Mr.Keith McMillen and Miss Olive Harrington,
Rev. F. B. Wilbur officiating. Miss Harring-
ton has been a teacher here for the past seven
years and has a host of friends among pupils
and employees, all of whom extend hearty con-
gratulations and wish the young couple a
pleasant and prosperous future. Mr. McMillen
is an industrious young man, well liked by all
who know him, and has heretofore lived with
his parents a few miles south of town.
The skating pond has been kept pretty well
crowded lately and all who have skates are en-
joying the healthful open air sport.
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10
The Native American
Beleourt, North Dakota
By Special Correspondent.
Mr. and Mrs. R. N. Clark and son Thorval
have left on their annual vacation. Thej ex-
pect to spend part of the time visiting friends
and relatives in Kansas and Oklahoma.
The majority of the Indians of Turtle Moun-
tain are busy hauling* in their winter supply of
wood, also someof them supplying the markets
of Belcourt, Rolla and other neighboring towns.
Chief of Police Peter Marcellais has just
returned from a trip to Fort Lrapwai, Idaho,
where he journeyed as escort to Elvina Hays,
the latter remaining at the sanitarium there
to receive treatment.
The Turtle Mountain Indian schools closed
a nine months' term December 19, 1913. The
school vacation is during the months of Janu-
ary, February and a part of December and
March, owing to the severe weather in Janu-
ary and February. The schools remained in
session continuously from March 24 until
December 19. There are five day schools con-
ducted by the following employees: No. 1, Mr.
and Mrs. T. J. Klaus; No. 2, Mr. and Mrs. W.
W. Salt; No. 3, Mr. and Mrs. R. N. Clark; No.
4, Mr. and Mrs. I. H. King; No. 5, Mr. and Mrs.
N. D. Richey. Each school has prepared a
program for closing exercises. Patrons, pupils,
and employees enthusiastically worked to-
gether in these and they have done much to
arouse interest in school work, and as a re-
sult even better attendance is expected next
year.
A union program was given at day school
No 1, on the afternoon of December 18, in
which pupils from day schools No. 1 and No. 2
participated. W. W. Salt, teacher day school
No. 2, and his pupils furnished the songs, and
T. J. Klaus, teacher day school No. 1, and his
pupils furnished the recitations. The children
of both schools rendered their parts excel-
lently, showing hard work and thorough drill
on the part of both teachers and pupils. Par-
ents showed their interest in school work by
coming to hear their children speak and sing.
There was a crowded house and every one
gave his undivided attention during the entire
program. A duet, **Holy Night," was well
sung by W. W. Salt and daughter. Miss Eklna.
A remarkable feature of the program was the
good will shown by the parents. An excellent
talk was made by Dr. A. P. Meriwether on
'^Tuberculosis, Its Cause and Prevention."
Superintendent Janus gave a closing address
in which he praised the patrons for their loy-
alty and congratulated the teachers, house-
keepers, and children for their excellent work.
Among other things he stated that it was one
of the best programs that has been given here,
and that the schools have been successfully
and efficiently conducted during the past term.
Born to Mr. and Mrs. Euneau, December 21,
a baby girl. All join Mr. and Mrs. Euneau in
hearty congratulations. Mr. Euneau is one of
the Turtle Mountain agency clerks.
Day school No. 2 gave a program on the even-
ing of December 19, day school No. 4 on the
afternoon of December 19. Special numbers
on the program of day school No. 2 were a
vocal trio by Mr. Salt, Miss Edna Salt, and
Mrs. Janus, a recitation by Mrs. Klaus, and a
solo by Miss Edna Salt, a duet by Misses
Evelyn and Stella Salt.
A well, much needed by the school plant,
has been recently put down at day school No.
1. It is expected that one will also be put
down at day school No. 3 soon as the present
one furnishes insufficient amount of water for
the school plant.
Tpuxton Canon School, Valentine, Arizona
Bv Special Corretpondent.
Miss Margaret Durr of Harrisburg, Penn*
sylvania, was appointed matron and reported
for duty December 20.
Miss Sinnard will now resume her duties as
assistant laundress. Her services as matron
have been most excellent.
Mr. Ferris was a guest of the club Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Maxwell called on Superin-
tendent Shell and wife Sunday evening.
Mr. Peacore, an assistant, accompanied Mr.
Shell on a business trip to liackberry Monday.
Santa Claus has already put in his appear-
ance. Each mail brings loads of presents.
Mr. Shell, accompanied by the assistant
farmer, made an official trip to Nelson recent-
ly.
Dr. and Mrs. I^. D. Riggs were Hackberry
callers Monday.
As the new year is approaching we feel like
adopting the following resolution:
"The smoothly beaten path I covet not, but
I would take
The rugged way, I'd lift from burdened
hearts the weights of care.
A sheltered nook, a fireside dream, is not
the goal I seek.
But rather o*er the burning plains would go,
for there
Are drooping lives who need must know of
that Perpetual Stream
Whose Living Waters they may drink nor
ever thirst again.
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January 3, 1914
11
I would not choose the cloistered cell, for on
the broad hig^hway
Of sin are tired and tempted souls whom I
mi^ht help today.
No selfish life of ease for me! I love the toil,
the strife.
To live for others— this to me is life, abund-
ant life."
Fort Totten, North DaKota
Fort Totten Review
Supervisor Creel paid us an official visit on
the fifth and sixth, coming in from Devils Lake
where he has been home on a vacation. Much
of his time as an inspecting" official in the In-
dian Service has been spent in Oklahoma and
the southwest. He was an officer at Fort Totten
in the days of the military post and has a per-
sonal as well as an official interestin the plant.
We hope to have him with us again.
The Fort Totten school has just experienced
the longest vacation in its history. The delay
in opening was necessitated by the replacing
of new boilers and pumps and we were all es-
pecially happy when on December first the old
bell rang out its welcome call to school after a
quiet of five months. The new power house
is a great improvement in many ways over the
old and the new equipment being much larger
will give much greater efficiency.
The appearance of the building alone is a
great improvement. It will not be entirely fin-
ished until next spring but when completed
it will be a model of efficiency.
The new hospital presents a nice appearance
and will be a splendid improvement to the plant.
The outside is finished but it will be some
months before the plasterers, carpenters,
painters and engineers will have the interior
completed ready for occupancy.
Seneca Indian School, Wyandotte, Okla-
homa
By Special Correspondent.
This school has a beautiful location one-half
mile north of Wyandotte. The buildings are
on a knoll from fifty to eighty feet high, over-
looking the surrounding country. During the
summer, the grounds are shaded by numerous
trees. All the buildings are connected by
broad cement walks. There are one hundred
twenty-five children in the school and nearly
one hundred more have made applications to
be enrolled, but there is no room for them.
Most of the pupils are small, the oldest being
twelve to fifteen years. All are bright and
anxious to learn.
Supt. Ira C. Deaver has been in charge of
the school for the past six years. He was
formerly superintendent at Yuma, Arizona,
and was also connected with one or two other
schools in that state.
Nearly all the children will spend the holi-
day week visiting their friends at home. They
will return New Year's day.
Miss Clara Allen and Miss Naomi Dawson
have charge of the class room work.
Mr. August Harmon, the former principal,
was transferred to Seger, Oklahoma, recently
and D. W. Gilliland, principal at Whiteriver,
Arizona, was transferred to succeed Mr.
Harmon.
Dr. Points of Wyandotte looks after the
health of the pupils.
The basketball team, accompanied by LK>uis
Caire, baker, and Cap Carter, farmer, went to
Af ton, December 20, and played the high school
boys of that town. Our boys put up a fine
game but were overmatched in age and size
and lost by a small score.
Mr. Scott, our carpenter, has a new automo-
bile.
Mr. and Mrs. L^ewis Caire made a trip to
Seneca Saturday afternoon.
Chief Clerk Walker spent last Saturday at
home.
A car load of flour and feed was received
last week.
The school has fifty-three fine hogs.
Rainy Mountain School, Ootebo, Oklahoma
Home and School.
Supervisor William B. Freer inspected our
school this week.
Miss MoUie Baker is our new seimstress.
She has been in the Indian Service about
twelve years.
One of the small boys was warned about eat-
ing too much fruit, and he replied that it was
all right, for we have a doctor here.
Rosebud, South Dakota
Bv Special Correepondent.
Chief Clerk C. H. Rastall was in Washing-
ton, D. C, recently.
Since the burning of the large school build-
ing last spring. Rosebud boarding school is
conducted in the dormitory buildings. Noth-
ing has been done as yet towards rebuilding.
All the day schools are now supplied with
regularly appointed teachers and housekeepers
for the first time in several years.
As some of the white patrons objected to the
attendance of Indian children at the public
school at Norris (Black Pipe Issue Station),
Mr. Putnam, the merchant, built and furnished
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12
The Native American
a schoolhouse on his own land three miles
northeast of Norris. The county pays the
salary of the teacher as well as that of the
teacher at Norris which now has both white
and Indian pupils.
Day School Inspector Julius Henke will make
his usual round of the day schools in January.
Mrs. Henke, with her little sons, will visit her
parents in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
The fine autumn weather that has prevailed
during November and December was broken
by a brief cold snap December 19 when the
temperature reached one degree above zero,
the coldest since October 29, when one below
zero was registered. During the extensive
storm of the first week in December, three days
of good coasting were enjoyed in the higher
(western) part of the reservation, while the
lower parts got only a heavy rain.
Cut Meat Reading Circle, which includes the
government employees and other white resi-
dents of Cut Meat District and a few members
at Rosebud, was organized in January, 1907, and
has missed but two or three of its monthly
meetings in seven years of its existence. It
meets on the third Friday of each month in
the homes of its members and a buffet lunch
is served by the hostess after which follows a
program. The officers for this year are —
president, W. L. Gardner; secretary. Miss
Harriet Ege.
As no pupils of the boarding schools were
allowed to go home for the holidays. Super-
intendent and Mrs. Travis of St. Mary's mis-
sion gave a dinner on New Year's day to the
parents, followed by an entertainment in the
evening. The new building of St. Mary's mis-
sion, replacing the one destroyed by fire three
years ago, is regarded as a model of conven-
ience and elegance. Sixty-five pupils (girls
only) are accommodated.
Dr. A. C. Smith, agency physician, now has
his residence and office in the field matron's
cottage at Cut Meat. Dr.W.R. Bebout, school
physician, has his residence and office at Rose-
bud agency.
Mrs. Wm. M. Ege, for eleven and one-half
years housekeeper at He Dog's Camp school,
resigned in August to accompany her sons to
their school at Grand Island college. Miss
Harriet Ege succeeded her mother as house-
keeper at He Dog's Camp school.
The following Christmas program was given
at He Dog's Camp school on Thursday after-
noon, December 18:
Song— Holy Night School
Scripture Reading— Luke 2: 1-19
Recitation— WhUe Sheperds Watched Mable Marie Whipple
Recitation— As With Gladness Men of Old Emma Stands on
Island
Recitation— As With Offered Gifts Marian Coffee
Recitation— Hark the Herald Angels Slntf Clyde Stone
Recitation— It Came Upon a Midnight Perry Wounded Shield
Recitation— Ring, Ring the Bells Amy He Dog
Recitation— Good News on Christmas Morning Lesiie Leader
Recitation— Thank God on Christmas Morning Stella Wound-
ed Shield
Recitation— Once in Royal David's City Harriet Comes
From War
Recitation-God Rest You Uttie ChUdren Alexander Whipple
Song— Praise God from Whom all Blessings Flow School
Singing Christmas carols into the telephone
alternately with Upper Cut Meat schooL
Distribution of Christmas cakes.
The attorney general of Kansas claims that
state remains dry for the reason that more than
one-half of the county jails are empty. Sixty-
live of the one hundred and five counties of the
state have no inmates in the state penal insti-
tutions. Many counties have not had a jury
trial case in ten years. Eighty-seven counties
have no inebriates. Twenty -nine counties have
not a single inmate on their poor farms. Kansas
is the richest state in the union; its average
wealth per capita is $1,700. Lress than ten of
seven hundred sixty-eight newspapers in the
state accept liquor advertisements. — Enterprise,
Popular Mechanics
Magazine
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A NEW YEAR'S WISH
''Mag everg soul that touches thine,
Be It the slightest contact, get therefrom some good.
Some little grace, one ktndlg thought.
One aspiration get unfelt; one bit of courage
For the darkening skg, one gleam of faith'*
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Indian Band. Bishop, Caufornia.
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"NOT FOB SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume tS Unu^ry W, 1914 9{tsmbir 2
The Cherokee Indians.
Mrs. Frank C. Churchill in the Granite State Free Press, Lebanon, New Hampshire,
(Continued from last week)
^Jfi ESP AIRING of any help from President Jackson, a Cherokee delegation headed by
4t| Chief John Ross addressed another memorial to Congress, May 17, 1834. The Cher-
^^ okee were well nigh worn out with the abuse and treatment they had received, and
February, 1835, two rival delegations arrived in Washington. One, the National party,
headed by John Ross, came prepared to fight to the end for their homes and national ex-
istence. The other, headed by M^gor John Ridge, a prominent sub-chief, despairing of help,
was prepared to negotiate for removal Rev. J. F. Schermerhorn was appointed commis-
sioner to arrange with the Ridge party a treaty to be confirmed later by the Cherokee peo-
ple in general council, a ^'so-called treaty** it was in fact, as only a handful of Indians had
jomed in making it.
The Cherokee were to cede their whole eastern territory and remove to the west in
consideration of the sum of $3,250,000 with some additional acreage in the west and a
small sum for damages committed upon them by the whites; the sum was changed to
$4,500,000. In October, 1835, this Ridge treaty was rejected by the Cherokee council.
Their newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, had been suppressed, and in every conceiv-
able way the Indians were oppressed and abused under state laws. The official census in
1835 gave the whole number in Georgia, North Carolina, Alabama and Tennesset^ as sixteen
thousand five hundred forty- two. There were three thousand six hundred forty-four in North
Carolina Major Davis, who had enrolled the Cherokee, soon learned the tiue condition of
affairs and, although holding his office by the good will of President Jackson, he addressed
the Secretary of War with a strong letter upon the injustice shown "these peaceable, harm-
less people.** He says, "I now warn you and the President that if this paper of Schermer-
horn's called a treaty is sent the senate and ratified you will bring trouble upon the govern-
ment, and eventually destroy the Cherokee nation, but you may drive them to desperation,
and this treaty cannot be carried into effect by the strong arm of force.*' Many lived in
the mountains and subsisted on roots and sap of trees and said they would die before
they would leave the country under the Ridge treaty, obtained, as it was claimed, by de-
ception and fraud.
Letters from General Wool, who was sent to overawe and intimidate the people, found
his job a hard one, and his sympathies were with the Indians, as he wrote that "the whole
scene since he had been in this country has been nothing but a heartrending one.** He
says, *lf I could I would remove every Indian tomorrow beyond the reach of white men
who like vultures are watching ready to pounce upon their prey and strip them of every-
thing they have or expect from the Government of the United States. Yes, sir, nineteen-
twentieths, if not ninety-nine out of every hundred, will go penniless to the west.'*
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16 The Native American
General Dunlap, in command of the Tennessee troops, called there to prevent an alleged
contemplated uprising of the Cherokee, having learned for himself the true situation, de-
livered an indignant address to his men, said he would never dishonor the Tennessee arms
by aiding to carry into execution at the point of the bayonet a treaty made by a lean ma-
jority against the will and authority of the Cherokee people.
He further stated that "he had given the Cherokee all the protection in his power, the
whites NEEDED none."
The whole Cherokee nation of eighteen thousand people was with Chief John Ross in
opposing the treaty to move. The three hundred who made the treaty left the country^
with the exception of a few prominent men — ^Ridge, Boudinot and others, who stayed to
see that it was carried out.
So intense was public feeling on the subject of this treaty that it became a party ques-
tion, the Democrats supporting President Andrew Jackson, while the Whigs opposed him
bitterly. Among the opposition were Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Edward Everett, Wise of
Virginia and David Crockett.
The speaking in Congress was bitter and had never "been exceeded even on the slavery
question.'* It was an issue between states rights and federal jurisdiction, and the consti-
tution.
The spring of ^838. the time fixed for the removal of the Indians, President VanBuren
had succeeded Jackson, and he was disposed to be more just and to allow the Cherokee a
longer time to prepare for the final moving, but the Governor of Georgia would not hear to
it. Up to the very last moment the Cherokee believed that the treaty in which only a
fraction had joined would not be enforced, and only two thousand of the seventeen thou-
sand in the eastern nation had removed westward at the time fixed for their departure,
May 31, 1838.
It was evident force must be used; Gen. Winfield Scott was appointed to the duty of
starting the Indians west as soon as possible. He took command of the troops already
in the Cherokee nation, together with reinforcements of infantry, cavalry and artillery, with
orders to call upon governors of the adjoining states for as many as four thousand militia
and volunteers. His whole force numbered about seven thousand. The Indians had been
disarmed by General Wool, consequently were powerless to resist had they been so disposed.
On May 10, 1838, he issued a proclamation warning the Cherokee that the emigration must
be commenced in haste and that before another moon had passed away every Cherokee
man, woman and child must be in motion to join his brethren in the far west; he stated his
troops were approaching from every quarter, and reminded them that hiding in the moun-
tains would oblige him to hunt them down, and result in bloodshed. The awful sufifering,
the heart breaks, sickness, death and horror of the months that followed cannot be estimat-
ed. Several old men have told us of its horrors, how without warning, for the little homes
vere scattered about in the valleys and in the mountain fastnesses, the soldiers appeared
at the doors and told them to move; the few articles they were able to collect together in
their haste were thrown into wagons in waiting, the smaller animals were left in the fields
or the cattle and hogs killed by the soldiers or driven off by renegades who followed in the
wake of the soldiers. It is said some of the women went out and fed the chickens and
little animals for the last time, knowing that they were to be left behind.
Under General Scott's orders troops were stationed at different points through the Cher-
okee nation and stockade forts erected, where the Indians were held as fast as brought in
by the soldiers, until the removal march was taken up. From these posts squads of soldiers
were sent out to search for the little cabins in the coves, valleys and mountains with orders
to bring in all Indians as prisoners wherever found.
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January JO, 19 J4 YI
Families were surprised at diaaer by soldiers in the doorway, mea were seized in their
corn fields, women at the spinning wheel, and children at play, and were driven by the
soldiers with blows and oaths to forts. Many times these distressed people when they
turned to get one last look at the dear home they were leaving forever saw it in flames,
and outlaws were many times seen driving away the cattle before the rightful owners were
out of sight of their homes.
One old man upon seeing the soldiers at his door called the family together and kneel-
ing down bade them pray with him in their own language, then led the way to exile. All
were not as submissive, and stealing away from the soldiers fled to the mountains.
Mr. David Owl of Cherokee, North Carolina, who was a very small boy at the time, told
us his father was with General Scott as guide, and when the soldiers came they drove his
mother and the children from the house; they had only time to throw a few necessities in-
to the wagon when they were driven on with a number of others. That night they planned
to escape, and when the soldiers were asleep they all managed to steal by the sentinels.
He remembers hearing his mother say, "we have passed the last one," and they reached the
mountains in safety where they secreted themselves for days, living on roots and what
little they could find. They suffered terribly and his mother died from the effect of the
hardship and exposure. The father did not hear of the escape of his family for some time,
or until the Indians were well on their journey, when he met a neighbor and asked for news
of bis family. Learning the facts he went to General Scott and he was allowed to return
and find them.
From the fugitives who escaped sprung the eastern band of Cherokee. Seventeen
thousand Cherokee were gathered into the forts. Several thousand were placed on steam-
ers near Chattanooga and other points and transported down the Tennessee and Ohio rivers
to the farther side of the Mississippi river, where the journey was completed by land to the
Indian Territory.
It was the hottest time of the year and there was great sickness and many deaths.
€hief Ross and other chiefs proposed to General Scott that the Cherokee be permitted to
move themselves in the fall after the sickly season was over, and he consented if they
would be started by October 20, 1838, excepting the sick and aged who could not move sa
fast. Officers were appointed by the Cherokee Council to take charge of the emigration,,
oach with two leaders in charge of each detachment and a sufficient number of wagons*
and horses. In this way the remainder, about thirteen thousand (including negro slaves),,
started on the long march overland late in the fall of 1838.
Those who started under their own management held a council and voted to continue
their old constitution in their new home. There were six hundred forty of these.
Ten to twenty died nearly every day, and the road was lined with graves of the dead.
Somewhere on the road Chief Ross* devoted wife died During the winter the suffering was
terrible, the cold was severe and few had sufficient clothing to keep them warm. They were
obliged to sleep on the ground. It is stated that probably over four thousand Cherokee
died from the result of the removal. The state of Georgia can never efface this awful blot
of injustice, shame, and crime, from her history.
It is said about one thousand eluded the soldiers or escaped, and remained in the Great
Smoky mountains of North Carolina at the head waters of the Oconolufty river and although
starving they defied every effort of the soldiers to capture theuL General Scott was anxious
to compromise. He engaged William H. Thomas, a trader who for over twenty years had
lived with the Cherokee and possessed their confidence. He was to tell the Indians if they
would seize Charley Utsala and other Indians connected in the attack upon the soldiers^
and who had escaped, and turn them over to him, he would allow the rest to remain
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18 The Native America t
unmolested, until permission could be obtained from the general government for them to re-
main permanently.
Thomas knew where Utsala was in hidmg, in a cave in the Great Smokies at the head of
Deep Creek. It was a dangerous undertaking, but he took the message to Utsala who
pondered the matter long and seriously. He was very bitter, for his wife and little boy had
starved to death on the mountains, but he thought of the thousands who were on the long
march into exile, he thought of his little band of followers, and said *1t was best a few
should be sacrificed than that all should die.** The old man came in with his followers and
surrendered. All were shot excepting a small boy who was spared on account of his
youth.
Thomas then went to Washington to try to make some arrangement so the Indians
could remain permanently in their old home.
Under the treaty in 1835 the Cherokee were entitled to the lump sum of $5,000,000 for
the land ceded and an additional compensation for the improvements and spoliation from
the whites, as well as a per capita allowance, to cover the cost of removal, and subsistence
for one year in the new country.
Thomas finally got permission for the refugees to remain, and their share of the money
due for improvements and reservations.
As soon as the Cherokee were settled m their new home, Indian Territory (now a part
of the state of Oklahoma), they established a printing office in the new town of Tahlequah,
the capital of the Cherokee nation, and began the printing of a newspaper in the Sequoyah
alphabet or syllabary, and the paper was printed from that time until 1906, nearly seventy-
five years, when the tribal government was abolished and the laws of the new state were
recognized. Distribution of this paper, called the Cherokee Advocate, was free to all
Cherokee Indians who could not spsak English The paper consisted of four pages, the
first two in English and the last two in the Cherokee characters.
We have visited the printing office in Tahlequah several times. There were only three
men who could set the type, and only one of these, Joe Sequechie, understood the strange
letters.
An oil painting of Sequoyah hangs on the wall in the council house or capitol at
Tahlequah. The records of the council of the eastern band in North Carolina are still kept
in the Sequoyah characters and the children at the Government Indian school at Cherokee
use the syllabary when writing home to their parents.
There is something pathetic in the passing of this wonderful alphabet, as well as in
the abolishing of all tribal rites of this once great people, the Cherokee.
The years have rolled by; only a few of the old people remain. They and their descend-
-ants still cling to their little homes on the mountain sides and in the little coves and val-
leys of the Great Smoky mountains of North Carolina. They eke out a precarious living
and are a peaceable, religious, law-abiding and industrious people. They seldom marry with
the whites.
The Cherokee who removed to Indian Territory, now Oklahoma, are known as one of
the "Five Civilized tribes." The Indian problem is rapidly being settled for them. Their
lands have been allotted. The tribal government is a thmg of the past and they are being
absorbed with the whites. They are educated, and many are refined, cultured people. One
of the most conspicuous figures in the United States senate today is a Cherokee Indian from
Oklahoma.
The Cherokee belong to the Iroquoian family and were living in the Allegheny region
When visited by De Soto in 1540.
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■Januaro 10, 1914
19
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL
INTEREST
PI
Mr. Hammock returned Monday from a
holiday visit to Los Angeles.
Dr. Record, superintendent of the Tucson
Indian school, was a caller at the hospital
on Wednesday.
Amy Cajeyadmani, who has been for
several years at the East Farm sanatorium,
was this week transferred to the school.
She has made splendid recovery and hopes
now to take up regular work and complete
her education.
Juana Mali Antone, one of the outing girls
in Phoenix, scalded her foot severely and was
at the school hospital fur two weeks. She
returned to work Tuesday. Isabel Johns, an-
other outing girl, is at the hospital for gen-
eral treatment.
Special United States Indian Agent H. J.
Brown was at the school a few days during
the fore part of the month. He is an expert
accountant with a large experience in In-
dian business affairs. This was his first visit
to Genoa. — Indian News.
Dr. and Mrs. Taylor, formerly of San Car-
los, left Monday for their new home on the
Supai reservation. Dr. Taylor will be both
superintendent and physician for the Supai
Indians. This is the first time these Indians
have had a resident physician.
Supervisor Horace G. Wilson of Roseburg,
Oregon, announces a large sale of inherited
and non-competent Indian lands located on
the public domain in Oregon and northern
California, bids to be opened February 14,
1914. For further information apply to Su-
pervisor Wilson.
Dr. Breid returned Thursday morning from
Ukiah, California, with six pupils, three
boys and three girls who enter for a term
at Phoenix. The Doctor visited Tottenger
sanatorium on his way north and was much
interested in the management of that insti-
tution.
Mr. Harjoe of Okmulgee, Oklahoma, ar-
rived this week with Dick Marshall, an In-
dian young man, to be placed in the sana-
torium.
A one-story brick structure forty-two by
twenty-two feet is being erected between the
two employees* cottages. It will be for din-
mg room and kitchen. — Indian News,
John Breckenridge, a graduate of the class
of 1912, was a caller at the school Tuesday.
He was here with his wife and baby six
weeks old. Mrs. Breckenridge was formerly
Miss Alice Morris who, for several months
two years ago, was assistant cook at the san-
atorium.
Jose Lewis, the baker, had the misfortune
lately to fall and break two of his ribs, so is
confined to his house for a few weeks Dur-
ing his absence from the bakery, his boys
are getting along very well in keeping up
the work and attending to the bread baking
for six hundred boys and girls. Miss Keck
giving careful oversight as far as is neces-
sary.
Mr. R A. Perry, electrical engineer for the
well system of irrigation for Santan, is pass-
ing his vacation with his family in Phoenix.
He has just returned from a trip to Atlanta,
Ga., Washington, D. C, and West Virginia
where he visited relatives. In Washington
he had a interview with the Commissioner
of Indian Affairs. Mr. Perry returns to Santan
this week. During his absence John E. Cur-
ran has had charge of the pumping plants,
he being the assistant to the engineer. Both
John and his wife are returned students of
the Phoenix Indian school.
Several returned students were visitors
here during the holidays: Kisto Moragoand
Carl Smart of Sacaton; Jones Williams and
Jerry Scoffer of Black water, Frank Armstrong
of Santan; Frank Lewis of Snaketown; Wil-
liam Peters and wife, Joseph McDonald and
family, and Howard Sanderson of Gila Cross-
ing and others. They were here to see their
children and relations who are attending the
3chool. Several Mohave-Apache from Mc-
Dowell were visitors here also.
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20
The Nattoe American>
The Native Amewcan
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Clasn Mail Matter
C. W. GCXDDMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
Commissioner Inspires Liquor Fi|hters
The special officers for the suppression of
liquor traffic among Indians of the United
States Indian Service who have been hold-
ing a conference in the city of Denver closed
their labors early this morning and are leav-
ing the city today for their various fields of
labor.
One of the last acts of the conference was
to adopt a series of resolutions expressing
appreciation of the visit of the Commissioner
of Indian Affairs and to the (Colorado Public-
ity League for their courtesies extended
during their presence; the officers having
been the guests of the club at a luncheon.
Mr. Larson, chief special officer, said that
the visit of Commissioner Sells has had a
very inspiring effect upon the gathering as
indicating his personal interest in the work
of the liquor suppression service, his visit
having been the first of any Commissioner
to the gathering of all the men for confer-
ence.
The force having increased in the past
year, it is anticipated that upwards of two
thousand cases against persons charged with
the violation of the liquor laws of the coun-
try will be handled by this force during the
year 1914.
We, the officers for the suppression of the
liquor traffic among' the Indian, in conference
assembled in Denver, Colorado, on this the
31 day of December, 1913, most respectfully
submit the following- resolutions which have
unanimously been adopted:
Be it resolved: That we express our sincere
thanks to the Honorable Cato Sells, Commis-
sioner of Indian Affairs, for his presence on
this occasion. We have listened with interest
to his able address, and his remarks met with
our most hearty approval. We feel that his
presence at this time will do much toward bene-
fitting the service and most especially do we
appreciate the fact that he is the only Com-
missioner of Indian Affiairs who has been
present at any of our conferences. His re-
marks were uplifting, encouraging and will do-
much to instill new life into this service.
In Mr. Sells we feel that we have a Commis-
sioner whose heart and soul are in this great
work, and we sincerely hope that it may be
our good fortune to have him with us during
our next conference.
We pledge him our loyalty and support,
and assure him that by no act of ours will we
bring discredit on his splendid administration.
Be it further resolved: That we extend to-
Mr. Fred H. Daiker, chief of the law and order
section of the Indian Office, our thanks and
and appreciation for his presence at this con*
ference. We had the pleasure of having Mr.
Daiker as representative of the Indian Office
with us at our last conference, and we feel
that during the year just ended we have been
greatly benefitted by his advice given on that
occasion, and we further feel that the coun-
sel and encouragement given at this time
will do much toward aiding us in our battles in
suppressing the liquor traffic during the new
year.
Be it further resolved: That we wish to
express to Mr. Henry A. L/arson, chief special
officer for the suppression of liquor traffic
among the Indians, our deep appreciation for
his support and untiring efforts in our behalf.
His splendid work in the management of this
department cannot be overestimated, and we
assure him that our cooperation under his di-
rection will be continued untiringly.
Furthermore, we wish to extend our thanks
to his splendid office force who have so splendid-
ly handled our accounts and correspondence.
Whereas, it has pleased Almighty God in His
Divine Providence to remove during the year
past one of our esteemed fellow officers.
George A. Miller.
And whereas, Officer Miller was deeply
cherished as a brother by all in our service,
and the gap left in our ranks by his removal
has proved a source of deep regret to all of
us.
Therefore be it resolved: That we, the
special officers of the Indian Service, desire
to express formally the grief caused by the
demise of Mr. Miller and desire to extend to
his family in «^heir bereavement our deepest
sympathy and feeling of condolence.
Whereas, the Colorado Publicity League has
extended to the special officers in the United
States Indian Service every courtesy they could
to enliven our stay in Denver.
And whereas, the entertainment provided by
the said league at the luncheon tendered Com-
missioner of Indian Affairs Cato Sells and our-
selves, proved a thoroughly wholesome and de-
lightful affair.
Therefore, be it resolved: That we, the spe-
cial officers of the United States Indian Ser-
vice, do hereby express to the officers and
members of the said league our heartfelt ap-
preciation of their hospitality, and pledge our-
selves so far as possible to spread the fair
name of Denver as a royal hostess.
And be it further resolved: That copies of
these resolutions be fowarded to the Honor-
able Cato Sells, Mr. Fred Daiker, Mr. Henry
A. Lrarson, Mrs. George A. Miller and the Col-
orado Publicity I^eagne.
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-January 10, 1914
21
Fatal Accident to Soperiatendent Nellis
From news despatches in an Oklahoma
paper we learn of the death on January 3.
of Supt. George W. Nellis of Pawnee, Okla-
homa, who was killed by the accidental dis-
charge of the gun he carried while rabbit
hunting near his home.
Mr. Nellis has been in the Indian Service
for twenty years or more, and for ten or
twelve years has been in charge of the Paw-
nee agency. He was one of the very best
of the superintendents, being especially suc-
cessful in agency work. He was quiet, un-
ostentatious, faithful and diligent, a genial
The tree exercises were held Christmas eve
and the children received many g-ifts besides
bags filled with apples, nuts, candy and pop
corn.
Superintendent Paquette gave a turkey
supper and smoker for the gentlemen, at his
residence New Year's night. Those present
enjoyed the feast and pronounced him a noble
host.
Dr. and Mrs. Wigglesworth celebrated their
twelfth wedding anniversary December 25.
The rooms were decorated for the occasion
with bells, garlands, and spruce boughs and
the Christmas spirit was in evidence every-
where. Several games of five hundred were
enjoyed until ten o'clock, after which a tempt-
ing repast was served.
Boapdtng School, Fort Defiance, Arizona.
companion and a true friend of the Indian.
There are many here as elsewhere sorrowing
with his wife and two sons.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Fort Defiance, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
The Christmas cantata given by some of the
pnpils was a great success and reflected much
credit on Miss Golden and the other teachers,
and Mrs. Barton, who had charge of the music.
The Athletic club, under direction of J. J.
Miles, gave a very enjoyable dance at the as-
sembly hall, followed by a sumptuous banquet
at the employees' club Wednesday evening
December 31. Covers were laid for sixty-five
which included a large number of the older
pupils and employees. The spacious dining-
room was resplendent with pennants, fur-
nished by ex-pupils, representing nearly every
school in the Service. The speakers respond-
ing to the toast, **Our Athletic Club,** were Dr.
Barton, Mr. Miles, Tsosy Taylor and Phil E^m-
erson.
With a day school to be built at Lukai
Chukai, a dormitory at Chin I^ee, a hospital at
Tohatchi and a sanatorium here, Superinten-
dent Paquette will be kept busy for the next
six months. However, if this work can be fin-
ished, Mr. Paquette is the man to do it.
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The Native Americarr
Dr. Elliott, physician at Chin I^ee, has
accepted a transfer to Cherokee, North Caro.
lina, and will leave for his new post in a few
days.
A school nurse has been appointed to fill the
vacancy left by the transfer of Charlotte M.
Stagen to Dulce, New Mexico.
Clippings from Oklahoma Paper
Written by a full blood.
The Kingfisher Indians gathered to the
number of several hundred on the allotment of
Fighting Bull for their Christmas festivities.
A few visitors were present from Watonga,
South Dakota and Montana.
Our missionaries assisted our field matron,
Mrs. Wilcox, in this celebration of the Christ-
ian's Christmas and in the preparation of the
children's Christmas tree. Before the distribu-
tion of the presents, Maj. F. E. Farrell, our
agent from Darlington, gave the Indians pres-
ent a nice talk through an interpreter on the
Christian religion. Many of the presents
were l>ought with the money contributed by
some of the business men of Kingfisher and
our Indians fully appreciate their kindly dona-
tions.
Mr. Spotted Hawk and his wife of Montana,
the parents of our assistant Indian farmer, are
visiting their son and his family.
Wolf Trunk and wife, Sioux Indians of
South Dakota, were here visiting with Rush
Harris and wife.
Mr. Distributor, a northern Cheyenne from
Montana, came down last week to spend a
week or so with his son Sore Head and his
wife Killing Woman who live in this county.
Sore Head is having a neat three roomed
house on his wife's allotment. Mr. Bull of
Kingfisher is the contractor.
Mr. Bishop of Kingfisher is building a good
house for Lazy Woman and has almost finish-
ed one for Yellow (Harry Hauser), on their al-
lotments in this county.
The Indians prefer to live in houses now,
specially as cold weather is beginning to be
felt.
Pueblo Bonito School, Crownpoint,
Mew Mexico
By Special Correspondent.
The Navaho who will be benefitted should
artesian water be found have agreed to haul
the casing for the wells from the railroad to
the different locations, without charge to the
government, and we are gratified that the
Navaho has again shown the right spirit, that
of helping himself. Several loads are now on
the way.
Homer Polk, industrial teacher, left yester-
day for the Otoe school to occupy a similar
position there. He accidentally fell several
days before leaving, spraining the muscles of
his right leg, so it was necessary for him to
leave on crutches. He is succeeded tem-
porarily by Chester Arthur, a former student
of the Fort I^ewis school.
Stockman C. C. Pinkney upon receipt of
news of the death of his mother at Peabody,
Kansas, left on the first train to be there for
the funeral. She died at the advanced age of
eighty-eight years.
Rev. D. H. Muysken, missionary and re-
presentative of the Christian Reformed church
holds services in assembly hall every Sunday
evening. He is also active in the Sunday
school work with Mrs. Roberson and Mrs.
Arnold.
Two of the three notorious hunters of this
colony went for a rabbit hunt New Year's day
and after an absence of four hours they re-
turned with thirty rabbits. The school boys
as well as all residents feasted on the bunnies.
The agency auto had an attack of "locomo-
tor ataxia" at the foot of the big hill in the
pass, ten miles from the school, which was
the first in its travel of two thousand miles.
It is still laid up awaiting the arrival of re-
pairs. The indisposition was caused by the
shearing of a key that held a pinion to the
axle in the difi'erential case. May it never
happen again.
Here's to honest and greater endeavor; may
the usefulness of all employees increase; may
the close of this New Year show that greater
good has been accomplished than ever before;
may we all be sensitive and feel the weight of
responsibilities that fall upon each of us and
be thus inspired to do more and better work in
whatever positions we may occupy. Be a
spoke in the wheel of upward progress.
Flandreau, South Dakota
Weekly Review.
Mr. Voy returned from Phoenix Sunday and
is again on duty. He thinks Arizona, or that
part of it in the Salt River valley, a fine country.
Mrs. Voy will be obliged to remain south with
her son for the winter.
Joseph Graves left for his home Tuesday
where he will rest up for a short time and then
report at Philadelphia for practice with the
Athletics who will do their preliminary work
this year in Florida. Joe is counted as one of
the best left handed pitchers in the northwest
and we hope to see him make good with a big
league team. With George Johnson with Cin-
cinnatti and Graves with Philadelphia, Flan-
dreau will be well represented in the national
game this year.
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Januaro 10, 1914
23
Oliver Bonser, a young, man living on the
Rosebud reservation, was accidently shot and
killed while handling a revolver at his home
last week.
Carson School, Stewart, Nevada
By Special Correspondent.
The new year, 1914, was welcomed by our
school baud at the stroke of twelve, and many
cheers were repeated from the different cot-
tages.
The Christmas entertainment was one of the
most successful affairs of the season. The
anthem, sung by Mrs. Mortsolf, Mrs. Reed,
Mrs. Anderson and Miss Flemings, Mr. Reed,
Mr. Anderson, Mr. Wilkerson, was splendid
and was requested to be repeated on the
following Sunday. Mr Sampson played a
beautiful clarinet solo and was hearlly ap-
plauded. Mr. Francis Mansfield played an
excellent cornet solo. After a fine talk by Miss
I^illian R. Corwin the entire school applauded
for those who had the interest in getting up
the entertainment, the Misses Helen Sheahan
and Sadie Flemings.
Supt. J. B. Mortsolf and Mrs. Mortsolf are
spending a few days at the Bay City.
Miss L/Ottie George, matron at this school, re-
signed several weeks ago but awaited her
successor. Miss Rosa Cogan, who arrived a few
days ago. Miss George, will return to her
home and take care of her parents who are
not as well as might be.
Mrs. Julia Fisher who has been off duty for
nearly a month will return to work beginning
the new year.
Miss Allie Bernette, the school nurse, re-
turned in time to wish her many friends a
happy new year.
The employees' mess elected a new manager
for the quarter. Miss Sadie M. Flemings being
the chosen one. If Miss Flemings is as suc-
cessful as she was with the Christmas enter-
tainment she will make a splendid manager.
Miss Gertrude Cowles spent the week's end
at Reno.
Miss Elizabeth Glick was a visitor at the
school during holiday week.
Miss Gertrude Shaw and Miss Grace Mc-
Oeary, were the guests of Miss Margaret Mar-
tin at Christmas dinner.
The employees entertained Mr. and Mrs.
J. B. Mortsolf and Grandpa Mortsolf at dinner
on Christmas day.
On Christmas night there was a jolly spread
•of good things to eat on the reception room
table with place cards for the Misses Carrie
Winthrop, Alice Wilde, L/Ottie George, Sadie
Flemings, Martin and Alma Kreigh.
A wild duck breakfast was served at ten
o'clock in honor of Miss Lottie George, who
was to leave the next day. The ladies who
invited were Misses Helen Sheahan, Marjory
Taylor, Emma Martin. I^illian R. Corwin, Julia
Fisher, the Misses Wilde, Martin, Flemings,
and Winthrop.
The Walker River day school at Schurz,
Nevada, is not under the Carson school news,
which was an error in paper sometime ago.
The attendance at the Carson school is nearly
three hundred, with about thirty-three em-
ployees.
Tucson Indian Training School, Arizona
Bv Special Correspondent.
On Christmas eve thestudentsof the Tucson
Indian training school gave their program
which was a cantata with several solos, a fifty
voice chorus, and a smaller twelve voice
chorus. Each part was splendidly done, and
the whole entertainment was enthusiastically
received by the audience of students, teachers
and visitors. After the program, Santa Claus
distributed the gifts, and the evening ended
with a **Merry Christmas" to the guests who
were present.
On Christmas afternoon the Escuela football
team won the game against the San Xavier
men. The game was played on the San Xavier
field. The school is very proud of its team, for
the boys have done good work during the sea-
son.
The Rev. George F. Wilson and Mrs. Wil-
son, Presbyterian missionaries at Indian Oasis,
spent Christmas week at Escuela. Mr. Wilson
preached to us last Sunday.
New Year's the whole school enjoyed a pic-
nic day in the mountains. It was an ideal
day to climb and no person missed the oppor-
tunity.
Mrs. Jose Pablo, a former student of the
school, has gone to Sacaton to work at the agen-
cy, Mr. Pablo, also a former student, ex-
pects to join her there at once.
Money has been provided for the erection of
a teacher's home at San Miguel, and work on
the building will be begun as soon as possible.
When the house is completed the Presby-
terian Board of Missions will send two workers
there. One will be a field matron, and the
other a teacher.
A friend in the east sent money at Christmas
time to be used by the school for something
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The Native American
that the students needed and something' that
would bring pleasure to them. After some
thought it was decided that the money would
be well used for a victrola. The bojs and
girls are thoroughly enjoying the gift.
Bishop, California
By Special Correspondent.
Mr. R. L4. Randolph was the successful bid-
der on the new Round Valley school buildings
His bid was something over forty-seven
hundred dollars. The school plant is to con-
sist of one building containing the school it-
self and the teachers* residence. It must be
finished in ninety days from the approval of
the award.
Tuberculosis day, December 7, was appro-
priately observed at the school.
From the Owens Valley Herald:
**The United States Indian school room was
well filled last Sunday, and much of the
ground around doors and windows occupied
by overflows of original Americans, old and
young, assembled to hear about the prevention
and cure of tuberculosis. It was the day set
apart by the government for like gatherings
and talks among Indians all over the country.
The leading address was delivered by Mrs.
Helen M. Doyle, M. D., and with accompany-
ing pictures held the close attention of all.
Harrison Diaz acted as interpreter. Other
speakers were Rev. Mr. Price, and Messrs.
Simeral, Taylor and Spalsbury. The meeting
opened and closed with congregational sing-
ing, and a surprisingly large proportion of the
Indians singing.*'
Christmas week was a busy one for the band.
They played six selections for an entertain-
ment at the opera house Monday evening,
greeted Santa Glaus Christmas morning and
furnished the music for a big feast at the In-
dian church.
George Collins, one of our home boys and a
graduate of Carlisle, has been appointed assist-
ant teacher at the school. While at Carlisle
he was lieutenant of cadets. He is of valu-
able help to the school, especially in company
drill and calisthenic exercises.
Our Christmas tree this year was held at the
Indian church. An interesting program was
given by the pupils aided by members of the
Sunday school. About two hundred fifty In-
dians were present and everyone, young and
old received a present.
The greatest event for the children of Bish-
op this Christmas was the coming of Santa
Claus Chriiitmas morning with an auto loaded
high with candy, dolls and toys. He was re-
ceived on the main square by over three hun-
dred children, red and white, all of whom
shared equally in his gifts. The Indian school
band furnished the music.
Supt. R. L. Spalsbury left December 26 for
LfOs Angeles to undergo an operation for ap-
pendicitis. During his absence George Sim-
eral, teacher of the Bishop day school, will be
acting superintendent.
The following are the employees at this
agency:
R. Lr. Spalsbury, superintendent.
G. P. Doyle, physician.
Bishop Day Schooi^
George Simeral, teacher.
George Collins, assistant teacher.
f^dith Simeral, housekeeper.
John McGee, policeman.
Big Pine Day Schooi«
Lr. Lr. Goen, teacher.
Isabel Goen, housekeeper.
I^ee Howard, policeman.
Indbpbndencb Day Schooi,.
Mrs. Starr Hayes, teacher.
L/ulu Goodale, housekeeper.
Ben HuntPr, policeman.
Popular Mechanics
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A Flower unblown, a Book unread,
A Tree with fruit unharoested;
A Path untrod; a House whose rooms
Lack get the hearts divine perfumes;
A Landscape whose wide border lies
In silent shade, 'neath silent skies;
A wondrous Fountain i;et unsealed,
A Casket with its gift concealed;
This is the Year that for i;ou waits,
Begond Tomorrow's mgstic gates.
^Horatio N. Powers in Journal of Education.
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Children at Play, Kamiah Day School, Idaho.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE'*
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume /5 J^nuAry 17, 1914 dumber 3
The Navaho Indians and the Public Domain^
Address of Mr. F. H. Abbott, Secretarv of the Board of Indian Commissioners, at ifohonk Conference.
^JTODAY, the Navahii Indians are unspoiled; they are industrious, self-supporting, tem-
llL perate, law abiding, altogether the most promising full-blood Indians in the country.
^■^ The total population reported for June 30. 1913, was 31,635, practically all full-
bloods By the treaty of 1868 they were given a reservation in Arizona of 3,225.600 acres.
From time to time since that date, their reservation has been increased and modified by
executive orders until it now includes over 12,000.000 acres in Arizona and New Mexico.
On June 30, 1913. their estimated personal property consisted of approximately 1,500,000
sheep and goats, 30,000 cattle, 325.000 horses and mules; while the blankets of their own
manufacture for the year amounted probably to approximately $500,000, and their agricul-
tural products for the year were probably worth $250,000. In addition to this personal
property, the merchantable worth of timber on the reservation is estimated at 3,000,000,000
feet, worth $7,500,000, while the reservation is underlain with one of the largest low-grade
coal be Js in the United States, estimated by the geological survey to cover an area of 3,208
square miles and to contain an available tonnage of 16.170,000,000, lying within 2,000 feet
of surface, which, if valued at only one cent per estimated ton, would be worth over $150,-
000,000.
These great resources of the Indians, when considered in connection with the fact that
they are wholly self-supporting, would be a sufficient guarantee for their future welfare
without government intervention or much government supervision beyond furnishing
schools:
(1) If all of them were now living on the reservation;
(2) If there were unquestionably room within the borders of the present reservation
for all to live and maintain themselves and their families;
(3) If all their grazing lands were compact instead of being checker-boarded as they
are along the line of the Santa Fe railroad by the holdings of alternate sections by the
railroad company; and
(4) If there were no danger of diminishing the present area of their holdings through
an ill-advised and over-hastened allotment of their lands and openings of parts of the
reservation to white settlement
These four conditions in Navaho affairs are important for present consideration.
1. Estimates varying from 5,000 to 9,000 have been made of the number of Navaho
Indians living outside the reservation. Of these, fewer than 1,000 living on the public
domain are still unallotted/^ Altogether, approximately 5,000 allotments have been made
*The term "unallotted" as here used includes only those who have not made selections of
allotments and not those whose applications for allotments have been made but not yet ap-
proved. The estimates of 5,000 to 9,000 Navaho living on the public domain include also the
Indians formerly living within E^xcutive Order reservations which have been thrown open to
settlement.
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26 The Native American
to Navaho Indians of which about 1,254 have been made to Indians residing on the public
domain. Can and should these remaining 1,000 unallotted public domain Indians be allot-
ted? Under the law they are clearly entitled to allotment. This right is specifically con-
ferred in the fourth section of the general allotment act. It is a right which cannot be
taken away except by Congress.
The last Indian appropriation bill contained an item providing that no part of the
appropriation for making allotments, surveys and resurveys should be used to allot Indians
on the public domain in Arizona and New Mexico. Some have understood that provision
as setting up a bar to further allotment of Navaho Indians on the public domain. Such is
not the case. This proviso merely places the Indian on the public domain on equal foot-
ing with the white homesteader, so far as the expense of the survey is concerned. If the Indian
cares to pay the cost of the survey necessary to trace the boundaries of his allotment, and
makes application to the General Land Office and furnishes the proof of settlement requu-ed,
he is entitled to a patent for his land. Whether the remaining Navaho Indians residing on
the public domain ought to select allotments there or return to the reservation, is a question
for each individual Indian to settle for himself.
The Navaho Indian who decides to remain on the public domain necessarily must forfeit
all further right and intereit in the reservation. Article 13 of the treaty of 1868 provides,
'If any Navaho Indian or Indians shall leave the reservation herein described to settle else-
where, he or they shall forfeit all the rights, privileges and annuities conferred by the
terms of this treaty." Before any more Navaho Indians select allotments on the public
domain, they should be fully advised of this treaty provision. They should also be told
of the estimated timber and mineral wealth in which they would share if they should re-
move to the reservation. They should be advised of the limitations of the Indian Office to
protect them or their property on the public domain, beyond the boundaries of their aUot-
ments, and of the fuller authority of the Indian Office within the borders of the reservation.
They should be advised too, that they cannot, under the treaty, live on the public domain
and graze their stock on the reservation — that they must make a choice.
Smce the acquisition of statehood by Arizona and New Mexico, there has been opposi-
tion on the part of the representatives of these two states in Congress to the further allot-
ment there of Indians on the public domain. They have contended that reservations having
been created for all Indians, to give them allotments on the public domain is contrary to
the spirit of the treaties and of the executive orders creating the reservation, and that owing
to the untaxed character of Indian lands, and the fact that about 16,000,000 acres of these
two states are taken up in Indian reservations, it is an injustice to the white citizens fur-
ther to increase the area of nontaxable Indian lands. They say, also, that it is not consistent
to allot Indians on the public domain when steps are not taken to allot them on the reser-
vation where conditions of soil and climate are similar. These arguments look plausible
on their face. In the light of law and the facts and the conditions in the Navaho country,
there is really very little in them. In the first place, as heretofore stated, there remain less
than 1.000 unallotted Navaho Indians residing on the public domain. In the second place,
the law entitles these Indian to allotments on the public domain and there is no disci'etion
in the government to deny them.
Furthermore, I am convinced from personal observation, and from irrefutable testimony
of residents of the country, that the allotment of these Indians on the public domain is not
interfering with the bona fide settlement of white people. On the contrary, these lands are not
desired by white homesteaders; indeed, it is impossible, in view of the climatic condition there,
for any family, white or Indian, to make a home in that country on the limited area provided
under the existing homestead act The only means under existing law for either the white
man or the Indian to live is to take an allotment or homestead where it is possible to store
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Januarg 17, 1714 29
water for domestic and stock purposes, or where there are small water holes, using the ad-
jacent public domain to graze suflScient live stock to make a living. The real remedy is an
amendment to the Homestead act which would permit the setting apart of areas, varying
from 2,000 to 5,000 acres, laid out grazing units large enough to maintain an average family,
or, if that could not be done, a leasing law giving a preference right to each homestead or
allottee to the adjacent public domain for grazing purposes.
Until such legislation is enacted, I see no other way than for the Indian and the white
man, on equal terms, to take homesteads and allotments wherever they have displayed
the hardihood to make their homes, fighting it out under such law as exists, for the free
use of the open range on the public domain. I have little hesitation in predicting that the
Navaho Indian will hold bis own in such a contest
Local sentiment is not adverse to, but is in favor of the Indians who, by efforts almost
superhuman, store or divert flood waters sufficient to produce small patches of corn or alfalfa
and to water their sheep and goats and ponies and cattle. Their surplus products are sold
to the local traders and with the proceeds they buy groceries, provisions and clothing. Thus
there is maintained in this desert country a simple sort of commerce and the civilization
that goes with it The traders believe, and I am convinced they are right, that if the Indians
were not occupying the public domain in ttiis manner there would be no permanent settle-
ment; that the cattle men would graze the country with vast herds, the cowboys in charge
of which would be small in number compared with the present Indian population, and more
nomadic; that the Indian homes would not be replaced by the houses of white people; and
that civilization would be retarded solely in the intere sts of the big cattle men whose
homes often are in distant cities, and whose interests in the untrammelled use of the open
range are adverse to a proper settlement and development of the country.
If the Navaho Indians living on the public domain were not making beneficial use of
the country, or if there were unused grazing lands within the boundaries of the Navaho
reservation, the situation would be different. But it is an indisputable fact the these In-
dians are not only making use of the lands allotted to them, but they are using adjacent
lands on the public domain and are leasing every acre of railroad or state lands they can
lease, and are willing and able to pay cash for such leases. Unless the present grazing
grounds of these Indians are kept intact, instead of having a progressive, self-supporting,
people as they are, the poorer among them will be crowded out and become charges on the
Government or on the state.
No criticism, therefore can be made against the allotment of these Indians on the
public domain, provided the Indians themselves are made to understand fully and thoroughly
their rights under the treaty — what they will acquire, as well as what they will forfeit by
receiving allotments on the public domain — and if full explanation is made to them of the
exact requirements of the law with respect to residence and settlement.
In asserting these views, I do not want to be understood as agreeing with those who
make personal criticism or impugn the motives of those representatives in Congress who
take an opposite view. The Congressional delegation from Arizona and New Mexico repre-
sents a larger full blood Indian population than does the delegation from Oklahoma, and
these two states have an area of untaxed Indian land about equal to that of Oklahoma,
with much smaller population and much less taxable property. There is foundation for their
point of view, though I beUeve they sometimes fail to place on the other side of the ledger
the large appropriations of the Government for schools and roads in their states and the
large amount of taxable personal property owned by the Indians. Nevertheless, the citi-
zens of these states and their representatives in Washington are entitled to have first con-
sideration given to their views with respect to the affairs of a people whp now constitute
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30 The Native American
and perhaps for all the future will constitute, a large part of the citizenship of their res-
pective commonwealths. At the same time and for these very reasons, they ought to be
moved by the broadest and most patriotic considerations to favor policies of dealing with
these Indians which would contribute in the most effective manner to their highest and
most permanent civilization and welfare. That a majority of the citizens of Arizona and
New Mexico who are the immediate neighbors of the Navaho Indians and know them,
take this broad view, I am convinced after my recent visit to the Navaho country, where
I took pains to ascertain at first hand the views of the citizens.
What many, if not most, of these Indians now living on the public domain will do if
permitted to make free choice, as between a home on the reservation and an allotment on
the public domain, I already know; they will decide to stay on the public domain, which
has been their home since their release as prisoners of war. Last August I met about one
hundred of these public domain Navaho at Manuelito, Arizona, and laid the whole question
before them just as I have outlined it above. They contended at once that there was no
greiss for their stock on the reservation and that they wanted to live where their homes
now are.
2. The question. Is there room for all the Navaho on the reservation? needs little
discussion. The answer is, NO, not under present conditions of grazing and water develop-
ment. The fact is that if it rains in a particular section at the right season there will be
g rass for the stock and some flood waters for irrigation or domestic storage; if it does not,
then there is not grass enough grown on 100 acres in that section to pasture one sheep.
When I crossed the reservation last summer there were sections where there was not a
spear of grass. The superintendents and traders and missionaries, as well as the Indians, are
unanimous in the opinion that, taken one year with another, there is insufficient grass on
the reservation for the Indian stock now there, What further explanation need be made
of the resolute determination of these pastoral people residing on the public domain to
stick it out there at any hazard and to resist return to the reservation, even with the prom-
ise of fuller protection and a share in the great wealth of the tribe?
3. One of the most difficult problems of administration in connection with grazing on
the Indian lands is due to the fact that the Santa Fe railroad company owns nearly a million
acres of land in alternate sections for a distance of forty miles north of its right of way
which extends far within the borders of the Navaho reservation. While about seventy-five
per cent of the previous holdings of the railroad have already been exchanged for lieu
lands on the public domam, there is still much friction where the land is either leased or
purchased by white stockmen, owing to the scarcity of water and the lack of fences.
Steps should be taken immediately to complete the exchange of railroad lands for lieu
lands on the public domain under the Act of April 4, 1911. or to purchase them. If Con-
gress should be unwilling, as I believe it will be, to purchase these lands out of gratuity
appropriations, then it should be asked to make appropriation for this purpose, to be reim-
bursed from the future sale of coal and timber on the reservation.
4. Finally, concerning the question of allotting Navaho on the reservation. In my judg-
ment, it is of the greatest importance vigorously to resist as long as possible the allotment
or diminution of the reservation. This resistance should continue at least until more water
is developed and existing law amended so that allotment, when made, may be made with
respect to water possibilities, and m areas of grazing units adapted to the needs of each
family.
Any plan of allotment is certain to result in a diminution of the area of the present res-
ervation. Any diminution in their present land holdings, under existing conditions, will
interfere with the ability of these people to continue to be self-supporting. The moment
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January 17, 1914
31
they are so restricted as to make self-support
impossible, some of them will become pau-
perized through the necessity that will be
upon the Government to contribute to their
needs.
There are many other reasons why the
Navaho reservation should not be allotted
now. These Indians are making marked pro-
gress. The unsanitary winter hogan is being
replaced by the neat stone house with fire-
place and windows; the horse cultivator is
taking the place of the hoe; the herds of
sheep are growing larger and the breed of
the animals and quality of the wool being im-
proved; more and more are the people learn-
ing the English language and sending their
children to school. Indeed, the Navaho is pro-
ceeding along the path of higher civiliza-
tion about as fast as he can safely travel.
There must be caution lest by over-haste we
jolt him from his present splendid status of
progressive independence and self-support.
Let him continue to buy and pay for his own
stock; let him continue to develop water to
irrigate his crops; let him follow his own
standards of handling his individual per-
sonal property and advance gradually from
his way of using community land to our sys-
tem of private land ownership and inheri-
tance. These Indians now, following their
own commercial customs, divide their re-
sources fairly and equitably and with remark-
able little friction I do not know where you
can find another group of thirty thousand
people who, judged by their own standards,
have a more religious regard for property
rights, who violate less the law or the Ten
Ck)mmandments, who indulge in less intem-
perance or vice than do the Navaho Indians.
The Government, therefore, should proceed
slowly in pressing upon them the standards
of white civilization.
Summarized in a word: (1) In the
matter of allotments to the small number
of Navaho still residing on the public do-
main, the Indians should be urged, after a
full, frank and honest statement to them
of the rights and restrictions contained in
the laws and treaties, to elect, after due
deliberation, whether to apply for allot-
ment on the public domain and thereby
forfeit all rights on the reservation, or
whether to proceed, with the assistance of
the superintendent, to find a home on the
reservation. This action should be taken
now. (2) Steps should be taken immedi-
ately toward the purchase or exchange of
every acre of railroad land within the
boundaries of the reservation. (3) The allot-
ment or diminution of the Navaho reserva-
tion should be vigorously resisted. If the
large area of non-taxed Indian land should
become a burden too large for the state to
carry, the difficulty should be met by some
equitable system of taxation so devised as
to protect the Indian title; never by cutting
down the Indian's lands so as to deprive
him of a means of livelihood. (4) If the
Navaho Indian is to be kept unspoiled, he
must be kept dependent on his own efforts
for his support; the Government must be
content to make haste slowly in forcing
upon him the standards of the white man*s
civilization.
Indians Allotments
By Special Correspondent
In November the President appointed John
Baum of Garrison, Iowa, allotment agent and
assigned him to the Pima reservation.
About the first of November the work was
commenced and at this writing about two
hundred twenty-six allotments have been
made, each allotment consisting of ten acres.
A majority of the Pima take to the allot-
ment, while a few influenced by outsiders are
opposed to the division of lands.
Each allotment will in a short time be
fenced and farmed as directed. Water in
sufficient quantity will be furnished and if
the Indians properly apply themselves it will
only be a short time until they will appreciate
and know the benefits of occupying and im-
proving the lands they control.
With proper farming the lands along the
Gila river can be made to excel eyen th§
Garden of B^en!
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32
The Native American
The Native American
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student- Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE OBNTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST
Mr. and Mrs. D. B. linderman of Salt River
day school were visitors on the campus Sat-
urday.
Miss Phelps gave a reception at the club
sittingroom Thursday afternoon in honor of
her sister, Mrs. Farrand Sayre, and niece,
Miss Elizabeth Sayre.
The Indian school was represented at the
Maricopa county teachers* meeting at Glen-
dale last Saturday by Principal Scott, Mrs.
Owsley and Mrs. McLaughlin.
J. H. Ku-kland recently escorted a party
of Hopi pupils to Phoenix including six
pupils for the school and one patient for
the sanatorium. Mr. Kirkland is principal
of the Toreva day school.
Dr. Frank W. Milbum has been transferred
from Standing Rock agency, North Dakota,
as physician and arrived January 2. Prior
to going to North Dakota he was at the Pine
Ridge agency, South Dakota. Dr. Milburn*s
home is in Washington, D. C. — Indian Lead-
er,
A very happy event at the East Farm Mon-
day evening was the surprise dinner given to
celebrate Miss Grace Viets' birthday. Those
from the school invited to participate were
Dr. and Mrs. Breid and Elizabeth, Mrs. Mc-
Laughlin, Miss Bidwell and Miss Mayham.
Simon Lewis, who graduated at Phoenix
Indian school in 1910, was a visitor at the
school this week. Simon recently returned
from Hampton Institute in Virginia where
he has been taking a literary course and
making a specialty of printing since leaving
Phoenix. He reports Arthur Harris still at
Hampton, this being his junior year in me-
chanics.
Mr. Mann, blacksmith at Chemawa Indian
school, Oregon, was a visitor on our campus
one day this week. Mr. Mann came to Phoe-
nix to be with his wife and daughter "Vho
are spending the winter here on account of
Miss Mann's health.
The marriage of Jacob Lewis of Gila Cross-
ing and Irma Juan Pasqual of Sacaton oc-
curred in Phoenix Saturday, January 10, the
ceremony being performed by Father Remy.
The bride has b^n an outing girl in Phoenix
during the last several years. They will
make their home at Gila Crossing.
Miss Hester Boutwell, who has been an
employee for the past year at the East Farm
sanatorium, was married Thursday in Phoe-
nix to Edward H. Wilder. News of the wed-
ding came as a surprise to most of the young
lady's friends, they will make their home
in Phoenix, the groom being employed at
Hackett*s market.
The many friends of Mrs. J. C. Young learn
with regret of the death of her father, Mr.
Monser, who was taken last spring from Phoe-
nix to his home at Wenona, Illinois. While
visiting at the home of Mrs. Young, he be-
came seriously ill, and from the first there
had been little hope of recovery. He was a
man of splendid business ability, widely
traveled, cultured and genial, and made tnany
friends during the several winters he spent
in Phoenix.
Superintendent and Mrs. Goodman gave a
dinner party at the club Friday evening.
Covers were laid for twelve including Dr. Eliot
and Rev. Fr. Ketcham of Washington, D. C,
Rev. Fr. Remy of Phoenix, Major and Mrs.
Farrand Sayre and Miss Sayre of Fort Leav-
enworth, Kansas, Dr. and Mrs. Bieid, Miss
Phelps and Miss Gaither of the school
Major Farrand Sayre, Seventh Cavalry U.
S. A., accompanied by his wife and daughter,
arrived Monday morning to spend the week
with Mrs. Sayre's sister. Miss Anna Phelps.
They are enroute to the Philippines where
Major Sayre joins his regiment after spending
several years as instructor in military art at
the oflBcers* school in Fort Leavenworth.
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January 17, 1914
33
Superintendent Goodman leaves this even-
iQg for California on an official business
trip.
The Indian school band furnished music
at the opening of the new four-story Noll
building Thursday evening.
Mrs. Edna W. Corbett of near Phoenix is
working in the office pending the appointment
of a regular stenographer.
All loterestiai Eyeniiii
The pupils and employees of Phoenix In-
dian school had the pleasure of being ad-
dressed at the auditorium Friday evening by
Hon. George W.P.Hunt, governor of Arizona.
Governor Hunt has lived in the Indian coun-
try for thirty-two years, and has seen the
remarkable progress made by the Indians of
the southwest. He is interested in the com-
ing citizenship of the Indian people and his
remarks were directed chiefly along this line,
impressing on the boys and girls the need of
preparation for this privilege and duty.
Following the Governor's address. Rev. Fr.
Ketchen and Dr. Eliot were called upon and
each responded with brief talks of such in-
terest and inspiration that the audience wish-
ed that they might have been with us long
enough for each to have had an entire even-
ing.
Indian Board Visits Phoenix
Dr. Samuel A. Eliot and Rev. Fr. William
H. Ketcham of the Board of Indian Com-
missioner were at the school on Friday of
this week. In the morning they visited the
academic and industrial departments and
in the afternoon were shown through the East
Farm sanatorium.
The distinquished visitors arrived at Phoe-
nix Thursday afternoon. Supt. H J. McQuigg
of Tucson, acompanied by Rev. Fr. Bonaven-
ture and Engineer C. R. Olburg, skillfully
piloted them in his new automobile during
a three days' desert trip. Leaving Tucson
Tuesday morning they spent the first night
at Indian Oasis and the second at Sacaton.
The Commissioners left Saturday morning
for the Navaho country.
Commissioner Sells* Visit to Oklahoma
Extracts from Dallas News dispatches.
Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
told those in conference with him today that
he would give attention during this visit to
nothing that was not related to probate
matters and that on other trips to Oklahoma
he would take up one feature of the depart-
mental supervision at a time. The Com-
missioner said he hoped to get here often and
thought it best to concentrate upon a given
subject to the end of bringing out all there
was to it. With from eight hundred to one
thousand five hundred probate cases pend-
ing in each of the counties comprising former
Indian Territory, and representuig an aggre-
gate of millions of dollars' worth of property
the Commissioner said it was the Depart-
ment's full purpose to bring about a proper
attention and management of the estates.
He said he could not understand why the
administration of a white child's estate should
only cost three per cent and that of some
Indians should cost an average of twenty-
four per cent.
"I am here to develop a cooperative spirit,"
said Commissioner Sells to the newspaper
representatives, **and I might add that the
proper spirit is quite ap )arent. We feel that
the county courts, having probate jurisdiction
as well as civil and criminal, have much to
do, and we want to help them and at the
same time get their help. I am not here mak-
ing charges, but where they aie found neces-
sary the Government is prepared to act vig-
orously, and let the fault rest where it
should. It might be necessary to institute
some criminal proceedings. In this the de-
partment will not shirk its responsibility.'*
On another of his visits, Commissioner
Sells said that he would take up the Federal
school question and pay a visit to each in-
stitution. At another time he would review
the oil situation, and at still another time
take up agricultural matters. When asked
about the Osage nation oil situation. Com-
missioner Sells said he was inviting sugges-
tions from all sources. It is probable changes
will be made in the Qsage regulations before
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34
other leases are authorized, which will prob-
ably be some time away. ♦ * *
District and county judges and county at-
torneys from the Cherokee, Creek and Semi-
nole nations, in session with Cato Sells, Com-
missioner of Indian Affairs, adopted a resolu-
tion asking the Department of the Interior,
The Native American
eral and state officials respecting probate
matters, was expressed in resolutions pre*
sented by Judges Leahy of Muskogee county,
Hunt of Wagoner county, Bristow of Mayes
county and Norvell of Seminole county and
adopted by the judges. The resolution in
part said:
Hon. Cato Sells, Commlssionep of Indian Affairs.
through the Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
to recommend to Congress passage of a law
that will give state probate courts super-
vision and control of the proceeds from the
sale of inherited Indian lands. * * *
The spirit of county court officers toward
the work being done here by Commissioner
Sells and his subardinates and the effort to
bring about closer cooperation between fed-
**We express our hearty appreciation to the
Hon. Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Af-
fairs, for the assistance that he has tendered
us in the appointment of probate attorneys to
cooperate with the probate courts to the end
that the estates of minors and deceased persons
may be hotter protected, and we desire to say
that his assistance and the assistance of his
subordinates is most heartily welcomed. We
appreciate the spirit in which he has come
cvmon^ u^ and the earnest, patriotig address
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Januarp 17, 1914
35
delivered to us upon the occasion of our being"
assembled in conference and we, as such
county judges, hereby pledge our hearty sup-
port and cooperation in the carrying out of his
policy, to the end that equity and justice may
be given to the Indian people, and will gladly
welcome the assistance of his department and
his attorneys." * * *
"It is gratifying," said Commissioner Sells,
"to note tlie aggressive and earnest spirit of
the officials who have met us in Muskogee,
and I am sure like results will obtain when
we meet representatives from counties in the
Choctaw and Chickasaw nations. The co-
operative spirit was manifest in all meetings
we have held, and the Department feels
that marked improvement will be made in
the handling of probate matters."
Upon his return to Washington Commis-
sioner Sells will announce the procedure
under which tribal attorneys, probate attor-
neys and field clerks will operate.
Here is where Cato Sells, Commissioner of
Indian Affairs, today came ir actual touch
with the large segregated coal and asphalt
area embracing between four hundred thou-
sand and five hundred thousand acres, the
deposits in which have been estimated as
being worth as much as fifty million dol-
lars. It all belongs to the Choctaw and
Chickasaw Indians, and is a part of their
tribal property that has not been apportioned
among individual members of the tribes.
The government has made preliminary ar-
rangements for placing the surface of the
segregated area on the market, and while
Commissioner Sells is not in Oklahoma at
this time to attend to other than probate
matters, the surface sale easily became the
leading topic with his callers here. * * *
A resolution was adopted, offered by J. W.
Clark, county attorney of Atoka county,
concerning the work of Commissioner Sells,
and was in part:
**It is our earnest desire to cooperate with
him to the end that his policies, which look to
the speedy, honest and economical settlement
of our Indian affairs, be effectively carried out;
therefore we express our appreciation to the
Commissioner for his visit and the earnest and
purposeful manner in which he approaches
the consideration of our problems. We ex-
press to him our earnest purpose to cordially
cooperate with him to the end that his policies
may be speedily and efficiently carried out and
we consider it a reason for congratulation,
which we desire to express, that the national
administration in its wisdom selected such an
earnest, capable, purposeful, Christian gentle-
man as Commissioner Sells to be the head of
the Indian Bureau of the Nation.**
Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
held a conference with Governor Cruce this
morning between trains, enroute to Ardmore.
Governor Cruce said he was supporting Mr.
Sells' policy in the handling of Indian probate
cases and for a further cooperation between
federal and state officials, which the Com-
missioner has been working out during this
visit to Oklahoma.
*1 want to give my unqualified indorsement
of the work he is doing," said Governor Cruce
in a statement referring to the Commissioner
of Indian Affairs. *The people of Oklahoma
will appreciate the attitude taken by Com-
missioner Sells in confining his appointments
to residents of the stales. It is his expressed
purpose, in dealing with the subject of In-
dian affairs in Oklahoma, as far as possible to
divorce the matter from long-range govern-
ment and work out these problems through
the instrumentality of appointees from
among the best citizenship of the state. He
believes, ai:d I think rightly, that ample pro-
tect'op can be afforded the Ir dian children
through the state courts and will give ample
opportunity for these courts to meet the test
that will be applied to them.
^
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
^
Seventh Grade B
The painters are hard at work on the large
boys* building this week.
We are glad to see Scott Eldridge, for he
has returned to take up his studies.
Calvin Atchhavit is working at the office and
is getting to be an expert on the typewriter.
The boys will organize four league base-
ball teams to play each other. After they play
all their series the coach will then organize
the regular baseball team for the school.
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36
The Native American
Margaret McNeal, who was a pupil here
some years ago, is now Mrs. Thomas J. Ottley.
We seventh B pupils are anxious to hear
Clara Whiteowl give her piano solo at the
literary society.
We have learned that more than five hun-
dred varieties of trees are found in the forests
of Porto Rico.
The boys think that the school is just wak-
ing up because they heard the news of base-
ball this morning.
Annie T. Moore is one of the best rug-mak-
ers at the Farm Cottage and Mrs. Chiles is
very proud of her.
We seventh grade B pupils are taking good
hold in our arithmetic, since January the first,
and improving right along.
The Indians of Kiowa agency, Oklahoma,
are paying taxes. The money is to be used
for building school houses and roads.
The harness shop boys were obliged to take
work wherever they could get it for a month
as the harness shop is closed until the first of
February.
I have had a letter from Nannie M. Howard
now at Escuela. She likes the school but often
wishes to be here again with her friends.
Nina Emerson, another Phoenix student, is
also there. They both are getting along finely.
The girls that are working at the Farm
Cottage are to finish some of the rugs that
were started by the girls that worked there
last year. We hope to make them just as
good as the other rugs that were made by
some of our girls.
The old office will soon be a rooming house
instead of office as somebody is going to move
in there. The carpenters are busy working
on it every day. We will be glad when we
get through with it as we have more work to
do over at the East Farm.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Pueblo Bonito School, Crownpoint,
New Mexico
By Special Correspondent
The health of the school has been good
since the beginning of the school year last
September.
Hostine Largo, seventy years olJ last Sat-
urday, while crossing I^argo lake on the ice
near Smith'^ trading post, slipped and fell.
fracturing his hip. The poor fellow lay on
the ice for more than four hours before he
was found and assistance given him. Dr.
Lewis gave him attention and he is now being
taken care of at the agency.
Rev. Mr. Muysken and Mr. Arnold have been
somewhat indisposed the last week from la-
grippe.
Another vein of water has been secured in
the test for artesian water and the water now
stands thirty feet from the surface. It is the
opinion of the driller that when the next water
stratum is penetrated the water will flow.
Burnsides, a Navaho, has taken seventy-two
head of cattle on the shares given by a white
man. The owner states that Burnsides work-
ed for him for a number of years and he always
found him on the square and trustworthy and
so he gave him a chance.
There was a picture show last Saturday
night, after which everyone joined the boys in
popcorn festival and games.
Charles Spader, Indian trader at Putnam,
visited the school last week.
The Indians are freighting a carload of Okla-
homa oilcake to the sheep range of Edmund
Sargent near Putnam. They receive one dol-
lar per hundredweight.
Mrs. Beebe, accompanied by her daughter,
arrived from Aztec last week and is now cook-
ing for the employees.
Mr. Kerr will soon complete the contract for
coal mining; the new mine opened by him is in
a vein three and one-half feet thick, pure coal.
The old mine six and one-half feet thick was
abandoned on account of too much bone in
strata through the coal.
Kamiah, Idaho
By Special Correspondent.
We have an interesting, successful school
out here in Kamiah, Idaho, among the Nez
Perce Indians. It is a consolidated day school,
attended by white pupils as well as Indians. I
think it is the only school of its kind in the In-
dian Service. There are two teachers, one
supplied by the county district.
About five acres of the school grounds are
used for an experimental garden and orchard.
The greatest number of first prizes were given
to the school at the county fair held at Kam-
iah, September 25, 26, 27, 1913.
The school is under the supervision of Supt.
Theodore Sharp of the Nez Perce reservation,
John J. Guyer is day school inspector, and
Mrs. Nellie S. Guyer, teacher,
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Januarv 17, 1914
37
We have classes in domestic science and
manual training.
Program of Christmas Entertainment
Christmas Carol— Ring the Bells of Christmas School
RectUdon— A Word of Welcome Harold Moore
Carol— Sing 0 Ye Heavens School
Recitation with piano— The Bells Stella Amera
Carol— Merry Christmas Bells School
Recitation— Now 's the Time Josephine Corbett
Motion Song — Christmas time has come again Primary Class
Recitation— The Stocking's Christmas Georgia Strine.
Susie Spencer. Arthur Reboin, Frank Rebolu, Allen Strine
Recitation— The Very Best Thing Mazai Frank
Carol— Shout the Glad Tidings School
Motion song with dolls— Christmas Lullaby Six Little Girls
Solo, duet and chorus— While Shepherds Watched Stella
Amera, Mazie Frank. Viola Spencer, Minnie Amera, Frank
Corbett, Alonzo Kohmorgan.
Cantata— Santa Claus' Party
Ubretto WiUiam H. Gardner
Music Louis F. Gottschalk
Cast
Jack Jackson Frank Corbett
composed an auto party from the Boarding-
school to visit the big Indian dance at Mission
Plats New Year's eve. The capacious Indian
hall was so completely filled that the "Omaha"
could not be given as intended. The visitors
were made guests of honor and two special
dances performed for them, one of them being
the war dance. Mr. Olop aroused much en-
thusiasm and goodwill by distributing various
gifts, some in a spirit of friendliness and
others for excellence of performance. He also
secured by purchase and by gift several fine
Indian relics. The Indians were in brilliant
costume, possibly some thousands of dollars
being represented by the dresses elaborately
trimmed with elk teeth. Two chiefs graced
the occasion and there was a fine display of
blankets and feathers. Just at midnight a
Employees at Truxton Canon School.
Sanu Claus
Friends of Santa
Plum Pudding
Pumpkin Pie
Candy Cone
Christmas Cake
Christmas Candle
Jack in the Box
Christmas Tree
Holly
Mistletoe
Chorus of School Children
Recitation— The Arrival of Santa
Ezekiel, Susie Spencer, Margaret
Alonzo Kolmorgan
Chorus— Santa's Children
Untrlmming of the tree
Distribution of presents
Alonzo Kolmorgan
Allen Strine
Harold Moore
Albert Ezekiel
Viola Spencer
Minnie Amera
William Pitcher
Susie Spencer
Margaret MacDorman
Lillian Corbett
Charles Pitcher, Albert
MacDorman, George Strine.
School
Pine Ridge, Soutii Dakota
By Special Correspondent.
Supervisor and Mrs. Olop, E. L. Ford, Mrs.
H. A. Ford, Miss Williams and Andrew Knife
prayer was read in the Sioux language and
the New Year was greeted with loud acclaim
then followed the greatest geniality expressed
in handshaking and New Year's wishes. Old
Glory occupied a conspicuous place on the
walls and large quantities of refreshments
were piled in the center of the room. An of-
fering was made for the poor.
Mrs. Brennan was away during New Year's
week.
Miss Ruth Brennan of Rapid City has been
spending a few days with her parents.
B. F. Thompson, school farmer, is spending
his vacation in Maryland.
George Stigers recently spent several days
in Chadron.
Supervisor Young recently visited Pine
Ridge, leaving during the holidays.
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House of Bene-to-cloi-bega, a Navaho of the Progressive
Type, Pueblo Bonito, Crownpoint, New Mexico.
Charley Largo, a Navaho Silversmith at Pueblo Bonito.
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January fl, 1914
39
Mrs. O. D. Carey has g"one for a prolonged
visit with her daughter in Idaho.
Mrs. Riley, well and favorably known in the
day schools, has entered on her duties in the
primary room at the boarding school.
Truxton Canon, Arizona
By Special ComsponderU.
The new cottage is nearing completion. Mr.
Maxwell, who did the masonry work, is an
expert hand.
Mr. Ferris and his force have finished one
line of fence along the south side of the reser-
vation and have moved to Nelson to begin on
another.
Dr. and Mrs. Riggs were Crozier visitors
Sunday.
Mr. Shell, Miss Durr, Miss Ford and Mrs.
Riddley were Hackberry callers Sunday after-
noon.
Mr. Shell and Mr. Ferguson made an official
trip to Big Sandy, January 6.
The children who were not vaccinated last
year have recently been vaccinated.
The new iron steps that have recently been
placed at the school building and dormitory
add greatly to their improvement.
Indian Beecher has been vaccinated, and
also had his eyes operated upon for trachoma.
The Pullman system of towels which has
been adopted is giving satisfaction
Miss Nessel made a business trip to King-
man, December 27.
Attention is called to the news from Truxton
Canon, in the issue of the Native American of
January 3, to the mistake made in saying that
Miss Sinnard resumed her duties as assistant
laundress. Miss Sinnard is laundress and Mrs.
Peacore assistant laundress.
Santan, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
A Sunday school was organized in the new
adobe chapel built by the Santan Indians last
year. Fifty-five were in attendance last Sun
day and elected the following officers and teach-
ers: superintendent, Mrs. S. E. Gilman; as-
sistant superintendent, John Rogers; secretary,
Mrs. lyucy lyewis; treasurer, Francisco Wilson;
teachers: Mrs. Ataloya Rogers, Mrs. J. M.
Rene, Charles Whitman and Francisco Wilson.
A number of the returned students met at the
schoolhouse last Friday night and reorganized
the Santan Social club. The following officers
were elected: president, Ambrose Johnson; vice
president, John Rogers; secretary, Joseph Jack-
son; treasurer, Mrs. Ataloya Rogers; critic,
Mrs. S. E. Gilman; program committee. Luke
Thomson, Earl Whitman and Lrouis Perkins.
The next meeting will be at the school house
the evening of January 23.
Pete Evans has recently completed a neat
adobe house near the new chapel.
The people are busy now hurrying to complete
planting their wheat and barley.
The reservation last week was called on to
mourn the death of Miguel Coosptchu, grand-
father of Adam Juan. He was the oldest man
in this district and a man of influence.
The usual Christmas exercises were held at
the school house the day before Christmas and
presents given to all the children as well as a
treat of candy, nuts and popcorn for all in at-
tendance, old and young.
The Indians held exercises and a Christmas
tree in their chapel Christmas night and had a
treat and presents for all.
Sacaton, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
Superintendent Thackery left for Washing-
ton January first.
Mr. Hudson and family are east visiting rel-
atives, but expect to return in about ten days.
Mrs. Hudson writes that it has been cloudy
most of the time, and Hugh says he wants to
come back to Arizona where he can see the
sun.
Mr. Hodgson, additioncl farmer, is taking a
special course in agriculture at Tucson. He
expects to be gone about fifteen days.
Mr. Crouse and Dr. Delcher and their fami-
lies spent last Saturday in Mesa.
Mr. Moore spent several days in the south-
ern part of the state last week buying horses.
Miss Mayham of the Phoenix Indian school
was Mrs. Armstrong's guest several days.
Mrs. Hodgson, Mrs. Armstrong and Miss St.
Clair entertained their friends in a charming
manner the first of the month.
Mrs. Hodgson invited the ladies to her home
last Saturday afternoon to organize a needle-
work club. Those who attended report a
pleasant time. The next meeting is to be held
at the home of Mrs. French Gilman in Santan.
A couple of ladies on riding through the
eastern part of the reservation several days
ago were pleased to notice that one of the
little adobe homes had glass windows in and
that the glass was polished nicely, and the
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40
The Native American
neatest of sash curtains hung at the windows.
It made one think of a white settlement where
thrifty white people lived. On inquiry it was
found that Lawrence Kaschief, who has been
married a few months, lived there.
Oliver Wellington is acting as night watch-
man at the school while our regular watchman
is planting his wheat.
Arthur Gilman left a few days ago for his
home in Banning, California.
On New Year's day all the men employees
went out hunting and brought in enough
game for the next day's dinner for children
and employees. They killed quail, ducks and
rabbits. It is needless to say the recipients
enjoyed the treat and wish it would be repeat-
ed soon.
Horace Williams has moved his family to
Dr. Cook's house and will help the Rev. Mr.
Lay in his mission work for the winter.
Christmas was celebrated at different points
on the reservation as usual. Through the
kindness of Walter Hill, the Phoenix Bakery,
and Mrs. Higgins of Phoenix, the Casa Grande
Bakery, and Mr. Phillips, our mail carrier,
a little over a hundred of the old and sick
Indians had a small treat. Through unavoid-
able circumstances Santa Claus was no*^ able
to deliver it u itil after the New Year. It was
appreciated just the same.
The Indian women who received cash prizes
at the Arizona State fair were: Mrs. Newton,
Gila Crossing, first prize for best made basket,
$15.00. also second prize for best made basket,
$5.00; Mabel Sanky, Blackwater, torcrotcheted
shawl, first prize, $2.50; Mrs. Charley Schurz,
Casa Blanca, for best made night dress. $1.00;
Mrs. Arthur Houston, Casa Blanca, best em-
broidered pillowcase, $1.00; Mrs. Harvier Caw-
ker, Santan, best quilt patch work, $1.0('; Mrs.
Elmo Sunna, Elisha, best crotcheted bag, $1.00;
DoUie Noble, Sacalon Plats, best dress, $1.00;
Sacaton school, domestic science: Emma Hava-
lena, Blackwater, best made rug, $1.00; Laura
Scott, Blackwater, best buttonholes, 75 cents;
Jane Evans, Santan, best hemstitching, 75
cents.
EVIL SPEAKING
It is said that a woman went to a wise man
to ask his advice about controlling her tongue.
**What is the trouble, my good woman?" said
the wise man. **I have a habit of speaking
evil of my neighbors," said the woman. "What
siiall I do?" **I will tell you what to do," said
the wise man. "Go to the market and buy a
chicken just killed. Then walk along the road
to the next village, plucking the feathers and
throwing them away as you go. After this,
come back to me." The woman did as she was
bid. "You have done the first part well," said
the wise man when the woman came back.
"Now go back over the road and pick up all
the feathers thaf you threw away." "Alas!"
said the woman, "I cannot do that, for the
wind has scattered them in every direction."
"So it is with evil speaking," said the wise
man. "The wicked words are scattered and
can never be recalled." Prom that day, the
woman was cured of her bad habit.
Every gentle word you say,
One dark spirit drives away;
Every gentle deed you do,
One bright spirit brings to you.
Popular Mechanics
Magazine
••WMmN so YOU CAN UNDOItrANO IT*
AGREATContiBiiedStMTof tli« WovUPa
Pgogr«M which you may besin readiiitf
at any time, and which will bold your
interest forever. Yoa are living intheoeat
year, of the most wonderful age, of what it
doubtless the sreatest world in the univene.
A resident of Mars would gladly pay—
^1 AAA FORONEYEAR'S
^lyUUU SUBSCRIPTION
to this magazineJn order to lEeep informed of
our progress in Engineering and Mechanics.
Are vou reading it? Two millions of your
neighbors are* and it is the favorite maga-
sfaie in thousands of the best American
homes. It appeals to all classes— oJd and
sroung— men and women.
The "Shop Votes" Dopartmont (80 pages)
glyea easy ways to do ChingB— how to maks
dJBefal aruoleo for home and shop, repairs, elo.
•* Amatoor Moobaaios" ( 10 pages ) tells how to
make Mission fnmitare, wireless oatfita, boata,
engines, magic, and all the things a boy loTe<
%XJBO Pm VKAII. SINQLK COMBS IS ODITS
ynoTK POR Fwnc •aiwpuc corr topav
POPULAR MECHANICS CO.
31g W. WMhlngtoo 8t^ CHICAGO
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Just to be good, to keep life pure from degrading ele-
ments, to make it constantlg helpful in little wags to those
who are touched bg it, to keep one's spirit alwags sweet,
and avoid all manner of pettg anger and irritabilitg — that is
an idea as noble as it is difficult -sd ward howaud griggs.
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Blacksmith Shop of Etcitty Largo, Pueblo Bonito»
Crownpoint, New Mexico.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
DetoUd to Indian Education
Volume tS jMiuu-y 24, 1914 9(ttmber 4
The Individual's Relation to the Health of
the Community
John Traak, AsaUtant Surgeon- General U, S. Public Health Service.
^JTHERE are few things of so great importance to the individual as his health. Upon it
lIL depends largely his attitude toward life and his relationship to his fellow man.
^■^ Generally speaking, those physically well are prosperous and efficient and the sick
or diseased unsuccessful and inefficient.
The individual chronically poisoned by malaria or by hookworm infection finds his
daily work onerous and the fruits of his labor give but little pleasure. The consumptive
would gladly exchange his bank account for physical health. Who would not give his
material wealth if by so doing he would bring back loved ones lost prematurely by fatal
disease?
The health of the community is the combined health of those Uving in it. The relation
of the citizen to the health of the community is therefore his relation to the health of his
neighbors and of those living in the same city or state.
The health of the community should be of interest to every individual, for upon it de-
pends the welfare of himself, of his family, and of his fellow citizens. Upon the health of
the people depends the happiness and prosperity and such material success as may be at-
tained is of little benefit.
To the extent that the inhabitants of a community are sick the community itself is
diseased. The community has health only in so far as the people are free from disease
To a communitv health is a valuable asset. It insures prosperity. It attracts people. It
increases the value of the land. Many letters are received daily at the Public Health
Bureau at Washington from people who are contemplating buying land or moving from
one state to another asking about the health conditions of certain localities. They want
to know whether there is much sickness in this or that locality, whether there is any
malaiia, much typhoid fever or tuberculosis, and whether there is a pure water supply.
People are thinking in these days of their physical welfare and have no desire to live in
localities where insufficient attention is given to the prevention of disease and where there
is more sickness than there should be. The community that has health has a distinct
advantage in the competition for economic prosperity over the sick community.
The health of the community depends upon the health of the citizens, but the health
of each individual also depends in some measure, often in large measure, upon that of other
members of the community. Health of the individual is therefore a condition that, generally
speaking, can be maintained only by a combination of individual and community efiforts,
and its importance is such that in the activities of the city and of the state it should hold
a prominent place. The health of the community should be of greater concern than com-
mercial prosperity, for it is essential to commercial prosperity. Necessary as are our
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44 The Native American
courts, our fire and police departments, and our educational systems, tbe importance of
the community's attention to tlie citizen's liealtli is second to none.
Each case of a communicable disease in a city threatens the welfare of every citizen.
Every case of tuberculosis or of typhoid fever is to some degree a menace to every un-
infected person. Modern civilization in its development has become more complex, and
as a result of the many avenues of social and commercial intercourse we are brought more
frequently into contact with our fellow man and his life.
Where the bread is baked in the home, people are not exposed to the disease of the
bakers and of those who handle the bread in shops, but in cities most bread is not baked
in the home. Today a number of cities properly require that no person afflicted with any
communicable disease shall be employed in a bakeshop, and that bread and other articles
made in bakeries shall be wrapped in paper before leaving the bake room. More than one
state now has regulations requiring the wrapping of braad in this way throughout the state.
If we patronize barber sho )s, we are liable to be exposed to certain diseases of many
patrons who have preceded us, unless special precautions are taken. We are likewise ex-
posed to the disease of our servants, and not only to their disease, but to the diseases in
the families and houses from which they come. We may be exposed to the diseases of
those who send their clothes to the same laundry in which our clothes are wa«shed, unless
there are proper supervision and regulation.
When there is a family cow or a cow supplying a small neighborhood tbe possibility of
the milk carrying disease is comparatively limited. But in cities where milk dealers re-
ceive their milk, often from hundreds of farms, and after mixmg it in large tanks distribute
it to thousands of people, the danger from chance contamination of the milk with disease
germs is many times greater, for instead of one family handling the milk there may be
hundreds, and if the milk from any one farm is infected with typhoid or scarlet fever germs
all the milk may become contaminated when it is mixed in the vat of the city distributor
and hundreds of families thus expose i to infection This is merely problematical. It is a
thing of frequent occurrence. Epidemics of typhoid fever due to infected milk are common.
Outbreaks in which there have been many hundreds of cases of scarlet fever or diphtheria
have been caused by milk in a number of cities. Large outbreaks of septic sore throat,
spread by milk, have within the last two years occured in Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, and
elsewhere.
In street cars we come into close contact with people from many homes. And there
are still other means by which we are brought into contact with our fdk>w citizens and
their diseases. The fly that breeds in garbage, decaying vegetation, and stable refuse and
feeds on anything and everything, including the sputum of consumptives, tbe excretions of
typhoid patients, and the pus discharged from sore eyes and running ears, by its sociable
habit of going from one house to another may carry diseases to peoj^e who never see the
sick.
At church we come into more or less close contact with people from many houses, in
some of which there may be persons sick with communicable diseases. At day school and
in Sunday school, children are associated with others and frequently contract disease, as is
well known to all. The diseases of children are often spread in this way. It is only proper
therefore that each household give special attention to the welfare of other households by
keeping at home those sick with communicable diseases until all danger of spreading the
disease is past. This is especially true of the acute infectious diseases, such as measles,
scarlet fever and diphtheria When these are known to be present in the community par-
ents should be watchful, for frequently children are sick for some time before the nature
of the illness is recognized, and, if during this time they mingle with others, the disease is
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January 24, 1914 45
likly to be spread, and no right-minded citizen wishes by lack of due care to be responsible
for the occurrence of sickness in others, sickness that may deprive others of life.
The common drinking cup, which until recently it was customary to see at drinking
fountains and in public places, brought individuals into almost personal contact. Every
person who drank left a little of his saliva and a few of the germs from his mouth on the
edge of the cup, and in using the cup not only quenched his thirst but sampled, as ic were,
the salivary contributions and the germs of his predecessors.
What is true of the common drinking cup is likewise true in some measure of cups,
glasses, spoons and forks in restaurants, hotels, and at soda-water fountains, if they are not
properly cleansed after being used. The possible danger in placing to our mouth cups or
other vessels that have been used by persons of whose conditions of health we do not
know will be readily appreciated if we consider tuberculosis. This disease is present
throughout the world. About one person in every hundred in our cities has it in a form in
which in may be spread to others. A small proportion of the cases in man is contracted
from milk from tuberculous cows. This is especially true of the disease in children. With
the exception of this comparatively small proportion, the disease is spread from person to
person, and each afSicted individual owes his misfortune to the fact that he either unduly
exposed himself or was not properly protected from the disease in some one else. As the
germ which causes tuberculosis is usually present in sputum and mouths of consumptives,
the possible danger in using a common cup of any kind is readily apparent.
The common towel and the common comb and brush of the waiting room or other
public places all contribute to bring their users into very close relationship, a relationship
usually closer and more intimate than that of ordinary social intercourse with friends and
acquaintances.
Do what we will, our health depends not only on how we live but also on how the
other people of the community live. The danger of infection from the sick we see. We
can protect ourselves from those we see and know of, but we in large measure are helpless
to protect ourselves from those of whose existence we are unaware.
Every case of a communicable disease in a city is directly or indirectly a menace to
every person. The safety of every inhabitant depends upon the health of the community .^
Every household should see that it does not spread disease to others, that it does not
become a focus of infection endangering the welfare of the community.
Every citizen should keep his premises clean; should see that he is not maintaining
collections of garbage or refuse in which flies may breed. He should see that all sanitary
regulations are complied with and then should supplement these with as many more as his
knowle4ge tells him will be useful. Whenever any member of his household contracts a
communicable disease he should take such precautions as will prevent its being spread to
others. He should bear in mind that every case of a communicable disease is contracted
directly or indirectly from some infected person and that the case in his family is probably
due to some one's neglect of his responsibilities to the community. His household should
not become the cause of the further spread of the disease. If the disease is one that should
be reported to the health department he should see that this is done, and in any case if in
doubt he should communicate with the health department for advice or instructions, for
the health department is maintained by him and his fellow citizens for this purpose.
''Affliction is the chiseling of the Master's own hand upon
the stone he prizes and counts worthy of his handiwork."
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The Native American
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN. Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKNTY-FIVE OKNTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST
Rev. Father Remy of Phoenix was a caller
at the hospital on Tuesday.
Rev. Mr. Lay of Sacaton was a visitor in
Phoenix the first of the week.
The carpenters have been busy this week
completing the office stairway.
A new position of nurse has been author-
ized at the East Farm sanatorium.
Andreas Castillo, a Papago from San Xavier,
was at the school this week visiting some of
his relatives.
Dr. and Mrs. Breid entertained at dinner
Monday evening Major and Mrs. Farrand
Sayre, Miss Sayre and Miss Phelps.
A jolly picnic at Echo Canyon was in-
dulged in the first of the week in honor of
our campus guests. The party included six-
teen.
Word comes from Whiteriver that Mrs.
McCray has been filling the position of ma-
tron and likes her work in that capacity better
than teaching.
Dr. and Mrs. Herman of Keams Canon
were in Phoenix this week enroute to San
Carlos, where the doctor has been transfer-
red as agency physician.
The Board of Indian Commissioners claims
a new man from the extreme west in the
appointment of Isador B. Dockweiler, an at-
torney of Los Angeles, California.
Dr. John T. Miller, editor of the Character
Builder at Los Angeles, California, spoke to
the student body Thursday afternoon at
four o'clock. Dr. Miller was a visitor at the
school several years ago on a lecture tour.
He gave the pupils a number of excellent
thoughts on "character building "
Through the Sherman Bulletin we learn
of the death of Frederick F. Conser, father of
Frank M. Conser of Sherman Institute. Su-
perintendent Conser's many friends in the
Indian Service will regret to learn of his be-
reavement.
From a returned student at Penasco, New
Mexico, we recently received the following:
"The Native American is always a 'welcome
guest,' and we returned students greatly en-
joy reading it, as it gives encouragement to
those who need words of uplift. It is a real
pleasure to know that our people are advanc-
ing steadily along those lines which will
soon fit us for true citizenship.**
Dr. Thomas L Riggs, of Oahi, South Dakota,
who recently visited Haskell, said he could
talk more easily in Dakota than in English.
He was born and brought up among the
Sioux Indians and has been missionary to
the Cheyenne River Sioux for forty-one years.
His father. Dr. Stephen Riggs, was the much-
loved missionary and educator who did a
monumental work in translating the Scrip-
tures and hymns into the Sioux language.
Hii brother, Alfred L. Riggs, is superintend-
ent of the Santee mission school. — Indian's
Friend.
Dr. Walter Rendtorff, who has been agen-
cy doctor the past two years, has been trans-
ferred to Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where he
will be school physician. He reported for
duty January 8. His family will visit in
Chicago, enruute to the new home. Our best
wishes go with the doctor. We have been
glad to print his notes in the health depart-
ment, and to know his fellowship in the
work during all his stay in Anadarko — Home
and School,
Major and Mrs. Sayre and daughter, after a
ten days* visit at the school with Miss Phelps,
departed for the west. They will spend sever-
al days at Los Angeles and at San Francisco
before sailing for the Philippines. Mrs. Sayre
and Miss Elizabeth will stop at Honolulu for
two weeks in order to break the monotony of
the long sea voyage. The many friends they
made at the school wish them a pleasant trip
and interesting stay in our insular possessions.
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Januarg 24, 1914
47
Superintendent Thackery of Sacaton is ex-
pected home this evening from a three weeks*
stay in Washington on official business.
The organization of the school baseball
teams has been effected this week, and the
names and captains chosen for these aggre-
gations are as follows: Philadelphia, Lemuel
Yukku; Chicago, Juan Vavages; New York,
Luke Anton; Boston, Charles Reynolds.
Each captain took turns in naming the mem-
bers of his team and the line-ups will be
published in an early issue. As soon as the
supplies arrive the season will open, and
those making the best records in the camp-
us games will be selected for the league team.
CiTil Seryice Examiiiatioiis
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exam-
ination for teacher in the Indian Service, for
both men and women, on February 4 and 5,
1914. at the usual places. From the register
of eligibles resulting from this examination
certification will be made to fill vacancies
as they may occur in this position in the In-
dian Service unless it is found to be in the
interest of the service to fill any vacancy by
reinstatenoent, transfer, or promotion.
As the Commission has experienced con-
siderable difficulty in securing sufficient eli-
gibles for this position, qualified persons are
urged to enter the examination.
At a large number of schools unmarried
male eligibles are desired. Of the female
eligibles those having musical ability are
often preferred.
Those interested may secure further in-
formation by writing to United States Civil
Service Commission, Washington, D. C.
* ♦ ♦
The United States Civil Service Com-
mission announces an open competitive ex-
amination for superintendent of industries,
for men only, on February 4, 1914, at the
usual places. From the register of eligibles
resulting from this examination certification
will be made to fill a vacancy in this position
jn the Indian Service at the Albuquerque
school. New Mexico, at $1,000 a year, and
vacancies as they may occur in positions
requiring similar qualifications.
The appointee in this position must be a
competent carpenter. In addition, the duties
of the position require that he should be
able to superintend in a general way the
work m other trades, mcluding blacksmith-
ing, shoe and harness making, and engi-
neering; that he have good ideas concernmg
industrial training and the planning of im-
provements; and that he be capable of hand-
ling men and directing them to their duties.
He will not be expected to take the black-
smith's or the harnessmaker's place and con-
duct the work of either of these trades,
but he will be expected to take the engineer's
or the carpenter's place.
For further information write Civil Serv-
ice Commission, Washington, D. C.
♦ * *
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces open competitive examina-
tions for cook and baker, for both men and
women. From the registers of eligibles re-
sulting from these examinations certifica-
tions will be made to fill the following va-
cancies in the Indian Service, and vacancies
as they may occur in positions requiring sim-
ilar qualifications.
One cook at Kickapoo school, Kansas, at
$420 a year; one cook at Greenville school,
California, at $500 a year; one cook at Wit-
tenberg school, Wisconsin, at $500 a year, one
cook at Pine Ridge school. South Dakota, at
$500 a year; one assistant cook at Fort Lap-
wai sanitarium, Idaho, at $500 a year; one
baker at Pine Ridge school. South Dakota, at
$500 a year. Women are desired for the
specific vacancies mentioned above. The
usual entrance salary for the positions of
cook and baker in the Indian Service is $500
a year.
Attention is invited to the fact that appU-
cations for the positions of cook and baker
may be filed at any time, but only those
properly executed and filed with the United
States Civil Service Commission, Washington,
D. C, in complete form prior to the hour of
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48
The Native American
closing business on February 9, 1914, will be
considered for the specific vacancies men-
tioned above.
Competitors will not be assembled for ex-
amination, but will be rated on physical
ability and training and experience.
For further information write the Civil
Service Commission, Washington, D. C.
Poeblo Indians io Powwow with Com-
missiooers
An Indian powwow, unique in the an-
nals of the southwest, will be held tomorrow
at Isleta pueblo, sixteen miles south of Al-
buquerque. The Pueblo chiefs of a half
dozen villages will meet with Father William
A. Ketcham of Washington, head of the na-
tional board of Catholic Indian missions. Dr.
Samuel A. Eliott of Boston, son of the presi-
dent emeritus of Harvard, and members of
the United States Indian commission. The
commission is completing a tour of all the
Indian reservations in the west and the re-
sult of its investigations will be embodied in
a report to be submitted to President Wilson
and Secretary Lane. Recommendations will
be made for certain reforms in dealings with
the wards of Uncle Sam.
At a conference tomorrow, chiefs of the
pueblos of Acoma, Laguna, Isleta, Sandia,
Santo Domingo, San Felipe, Cochiti and
Jemez will be present. The Commissioners
will hear the grievances of the Pueblo head
men to learn in a general way the conditions
of the Indians. — Arizona Republican.
RESPONSIBILITY
**If jou can keep your head when aU about jou
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you — **
To find the responsible head of a concern
you have only to find the man on whom the
blame is laid when things go wrong. Lots of
people shrink from important places because
if they take them they will move into the line
of fire of hostile criticism. In this country of
activeminded people we are particularly prone
to visit the sins of our fathers and our children
(being sinless ourselves) upon public men. By
public men is not meant merely political men
but all men who stand out from the crowd
and assume to lead or to teach it.
We want leaders, yet we denounce them. We
write them anonymous letters. We lell them
how much better we could do. We form stove-
clubs to assist them at low range by imputing'
motives to them and endeavoring to undermine
the confidence of the community in them.
A boy born ambitious grows pathetically into
a man who would rather stay a low salaried
underling because **the man higher up" runs-
risks and is battered and has to make quick,
final decision. He has both to decide in a hur-
ry and to decide right. His **yes" and **no"
are faithful. Whatever mistakes the subordin-
ate makes, the commander must be impeccable
— he cannot afford to be out in his reckonings.
The stoker may waste coal or shirk, but it is
the chief engineer's fault if the ship loses a
fraction of a knot. The genius of great men
is not so much in the things they do them-
selves as in the ability to make others serve
them.
No man worth his salt ever yet felt superior
to his task— in the sense of having too much
strength or knowledge for it. The work is al-
ways bigger than the workman, and a man ap-
proaching a great responsibility should come
to it in a spirit of humility equal to his de-
termination to do the best he can. The top-
lofty scomer is predestined to failure. The
man who— like a strong needle properly thread-
ed—will pull through before he falls out has
no exaggerated confidence about himself. He
keeps his mouth shut and tries and knows
the diff^erence between defeat and surrender.
But it is surprising how much better we can
do than we think we can do — unless we are of
the number of those filled to the brim with
their own egregious conceit. Suddenly work
is placed in our hands of an unaccustomed
species. We turn it over curiously, to see if
it will bite or is poisonous. Finding it innocu-
ous in those respects we begin to find other
objections, based upon the shape or the size
or the color of it. We are just about to reject
it when a little voice inside us — away down
deep— bids us reconsider.
**When duty whispers low *Thou must,'
The youth replies, *I can!* **
It is a poor, invertebrate, anemic creature
who will not now and then surprise himself
and add cubits to his stature not by thinking —
which we are told is not feasible — but by act-
ing. We might, indeed, ponder and weigh the
chance of mischances, interminably; we shall
not get anywhere till we have made up our
minds to cast the die.
How easy and how simple it is to stand back
and let anybody else be the champion who goes
forth from the walls to meet the protagonist
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Januarg 24, 1914
49
from the opposiug hoit out there in the open
plain! There might have been a thousand
Davids and there was but one. He seized his
<:hance to immortalize his name. Another
would have admired the stone from the brook
as a K^olo^^'ical specimen, but ridiculed it as
a weapon against a giant.
A brave man makes few conditions. The
man seeking ease and comfort imposes many.
He must have all to his liking ere he lifts a
finger. He hedges and stipulates till the white-
hot instant of action has gone by. The hero
■does not wait to drive a bargain. He charges
at the head of a forlorn hope, fights with a
sword-blade broken near the hilt, uses his
empty gun as a club, and goes on after the
light is out: whicn is what our poet means
when he says:
**If you can force your heart and nerve and
sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in
you,
Kxceptthewill which says to them, *Holdon!* •*
Many a man in the place of command is
brave by virtue of necessity: he can't quit,
because he can't be spared. There is none to
take his place, to do his work. He does not at-
titudinize as a hero or claim credit. He has
no time to think what kind of a figure he cuts,
or whether the rank and file agree to praise or
blame him. Only this he knows— that there
is much to do, and he is the man to do it.
No wonder there is a still hunt always for
men able to stand the strain and keep their
footing which is quite as important as keeping
one's head. No wonder there is room at the
top. No wonder we hear of so many first-rate
enterprises in quest of a man with a big enough
mind and outlook to drive them **full speed
ahead" without running them on a sunken
reef or the midnight ghost of a berg. But
how many of the glib, smug, personable
creatures who offer themselves as efficient
lieutenants, captains, generals and admirals
could do the work and at the same time keep
sane and balanced beneath the worry? Many
there are who can object, demur, pull back,
cry halt, deprecate enthusiasm and deplore
precipitancy. Few there are who can con-
struct, suggest, direct, inspire, encourage and
so get different work from indifferent work-
men. Men are like horses in that they know
by instinct the hand of the master. One they
will respect and obey: another they repudiate
and contemn. But whether the master is able
or unable, they are willing enough to take all
credit to themselves and give him all the blame.
- Editorial Philadelphia Public Ledger,
First lodiao Temperance Worker
According to a recent statement in the
Ptiiladelpliia Ledger, fifty years ago on the
Yankton, South Dakota, agency there lived
an Indian who was a worthy forerunner of
the Hon. "Pussyfoot" Johnson, now a vigorous
and vivacious word-picture artist in charge
of the New Republic, Westerville, Ohio. The
Ledger says:
A delayed-in-transmission letter has reached
the Indian office from Red Thunder, a vener-
able Medewakanton Sioux living on a claim
near Yankton, South Dakota.
Red Thunder is a noted character in Indian
history. In his letter he referred to himself
as **the man who spilled all the whiskey that
was brought to Yankton agency fifty years
ago.** This incident was recalled today. Red
Thunder's tribal people, with the Santee and
the Sissetons, were taken down the Mississippi
after the Indian outbreak in Minnesota during
the Civil war, and were then sent up the Mis-
souri to Dakota and Nebraska. At the Yankton
agency there was a barrel of whiskey which
the Indians found. Tokeeptbem from getting
in fighting mood again Red Thunder emptied
the barrel.
m
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
m
Seventh Grade A
Scott Eldridge, is enjoying himself playing
tops with the small boys.
The painters have painted the barn and also
whitewashed the stables.
Charles Cedartree has been nailing shingles
on the old office this week.
The friends of Frank Whitman and Solomon
Lreupp were glad to see them back again.
A horse lawn mower was received this week
and boys who are cutting the lawns are anx-
ious to see it used.
Once a week we have a lesson on agriculture
by our principal, Mr. Scott, and we are all get-
ting interested in it.
We are studying more about citizenship now
and we hope to have some good papers when
we come to write about it.
We were all glad to see Jack Frost visit us
yesterday morning and hope that he will come
again for we are always ready to welcome it.
John Taylor, a well known basket ball play-
er, is glad. Although the basket ball season
is over, baseball season is here, and he is an
all-round athlete.
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50
The Native American
A baseball league has been formed and there
are some fifty boys in the league. There are
four clubs, representing Chicago, New York,
Philadelphia and Boston. From these teams
players will be selected for the regular team.
Seventh Grade B
We are all anxious for the base ball tourn-
ament to start.
The officers of the first battalion have re-
ceived new uniforms.
We think the first battalion is better than
any other year, for all the companies are in
good form.
The painters finished all the basket ball
goals on the girls' play grounds and they are
looking well.
We were all sorry to have Marcelino Santos,
a member of our school band, leave for the
Kast Farm sanatorium some time last week.
Carmine Lewis made her first bread at the
cottage and Mrs. Chiles said that it was the
best bread that anybody had made since she
was there.
Antonio Martinez has been working in the
paint shop, and he's been doing good work. We
all hope he will be a good painter when he
leaves school.
An interesting letttr was received from
Minnie Patton who is now at Sherman. She
says she is getting along nicely and thinks of
Phoenix often.
The union meeting last Sunday night of the
Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. held at the
girls' home was well attended. There was a
special program.
The printing office force is getting along
very nicely with the responsive readings. Some
people think that we Indians ourselves can't
do much without a white man to oversee the
work.
The five basket ball teams that played dur-
ing Christmas week are going to have a party
Friday night, giving the champion team a
treat. Blacksmiths were the champions, so
they have the treat in mind as a prize that was
won.
Sixth Grade A
The sewing room girls are glad because we
finished all the uniforms.
The farmers are still plowing on the farm
to prepare the ground for seeds.
Martha B. Phillips is getting to be a good
cook at the hospital; she is learning a great
deal.
The farm cottage girls are going to give a
party soon and we hope to have a good time.
Sunday we had our first temperance meet-
ing since school started. We were glad to see
many present.
Our history teacher has been reading to us
about Benjamin Franklin and how he became
a great man.
Jose Juan is now plowing west of the cam-
pus. He hopes to raise some fine crops for the
horses.
Governor Hunt came out to the school and
talked to us last Friday evening, and it was
an interesting talk.
We are learning the preamble of the Consti-
tution of the United States of America, and
the first sentence of the fourteenth amend-
ment. We will commit them to memory.
The pupils of the seventh and eighth grades
are getting to be interested in the study of
citizenship, for we will have more to do with
citizenship when we get out into the world.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Pueblo Bonito School, Crownpoint,
New Mexico
By Special Correspondent
Hostine Largo, the old Navaho who fractured
his hip by falling on the ice, is getting along-
as well as could be expected owing to his ad-
vanced age. It will be sometime before he
will be able to leave. He is cared for at the
improvised hospital by Mrs. F. W. Burt, hospi-
tal assistant, and Dr. L^ewis.
Mr. Arnold, carpenter, has gone to Albuquer-
que on business, and will return the middle of
the week. He will also visit the Indian school
at that place.
We have two hundred and seventy-five thou-
sand brick made and ready for building
purposes.
Mrs. Leo CarleDaniels,forraerly boys' matron,
and son Roderick Carle, left for Mincus, Texas,
their new home. Mrs. Daniels recently under-
went an operation at the Rehoboth hospital,
which required a six-weeks' stay at the insti-
tution. L/ittle Roderick will be missed by the
boys as he had many friends among them, and
his absence will be noticed at band rehearsals.
Mr. Via and crew had a six days' tug of war
before he was successful in pulling the casing
in the well for the purpose of underreaming
and replacing to the full depth now drilled.
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Januarg 24, 1914
51
C. C. Pinkney has returned from Peabody,
Kansas, and has gone to his station at Kinebeto.
Gordon Kent, son of former special allotting
agent, Joseph G. Kent, is now clerk at the ly.
Ohlin store.
Pine Ridge, South Dakota
OolaUi UgM,
Roster of employees, Pine Ridge reservation:
John R. Brennan, superintendent.
A. M. Trotter, chief clerk.
George A. Trotter, clerk.
Robert H. Stelzner. lease clerk.
Assistant lease clerks: O. C. Ross, and Frank
J. Murphy.
Melvin Baxter, issue clerk.
Jennie ly. Brennan, financial clerk.
Assistant clerks: W. Arthur Spencer, and
Raymond T. Parker.
Joseph J. Pratt, stenographer and typewriter.
Physicians: James R. Walker, Charles F.
J^nsign.
James B. Noble, carpenter.
Arthur T. Saunders, blacksmith and wheel-
wright.
Frank I^. Morrison, engineer and sawyer.
Emmet Lf. Rosecrans, stock detective.
Farmers: Herman E. Wright, Ira E. Myers,
•Charles D. Parkhurst, Judson Shook, John J.
Boesl, Herman B. Hayes, Elmer B. Pomeroy
and Thomas Tyon.
Assistant mechanics: Harry Eagle Bull, Wil-
liam W. Bear, Earl Groings, and one vacant.
George Close, wheelwright.
Herders: James Chief, Mike Jarvis, Jacob W.
•C. Miller.
Butchers: White Wolf, John Iron Wing,
Thomas Li. Bull, Alex Mousseau, George Gets
"There First, George N. A. O. Pawnee.
Frank Martinus, stableman.
Emil Afraid of Hawk, watchman.
David Blue Hawk, assistant.
F. C. Goings, physician's assistant.
I^aborers: Thomas Flood, John Rock, Thomas
"Two Crows, Frank Carlow, Creighton Yank-
ton, Oliver Tyon, Joseph Knight, Edgar Fire
Thunder, Jacob White Eyes, Amos Little,
J'ames Little Bear, John Iron Rope, Joseph
Bissonette, John Morrison, and one vacant.
Samuel Ladeaux, interpreter.
Judges: Joseph Fast Horse, John Thunder
Bear and Eli He Dog.
Chiefs of Police: John Sitting Bear and John
Blunt Horn.
Privates: John Ghost Bear, John No Ears,
James Clincher, Henry Black Elk, James Charg-
ing Enemy, Thomas Walks Fast, John Milk,
Thomas Crow, Charles Three Leg, Thomas
J*retty Hip, Johnson Scabby Face, Robert A.
O. Bear, Sidney Lone Hill, James Black Bull,
Amos Red Owl, Charles L. Hoop, Philip Brave,
John Six Feathers, John Red Shirt, Jonas Ho-
ly Rock, Marshall Pretty Bull. John Kills
Above. Alex Lebuff, Thomas Two Bear, Harry
R. Hawk, Frank E. Hawk, Stanley Red Feath-
er, George Clincher, Joseph Brings, Samuel
Few Tails, Ephraim Parts Hair, Edward Eagle
He rt, David Brown, George Flesh, Moses
One Feather, Frank Black Bird, James Little
Wound, Eugene Porcupine, Dawson A. Horse,
John Goes In Center and Thomas High Pine.
Forest Guards: William C. Girton and Robert
Two Elk.
Chas. H. Bates, U. S. special allotting agent.
Mark Marston, compassman
Two chainmen and one rodman vacant.
Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kansas
Indian Leader
Supervisor Peairs left on Thursday evening,
January 9, for Washington.
One of the pleasant visitors last week was
Miss Parker, sister of Mr. Gabe Parker, regis-
ter of the treasury, who came Tuesday and
remained till Thursday morning. It was the
first large Indian school she had visited and
she seemed to enjoy her stay. Miss Parker is a
stenographer in the Indian Office.
A most wonderful movement is under way
at Haskell. There came into the heart« of
the people out there an idea that the use of
tobacco was becoming too prevalent. It was
decided to make a crusade against it. The
result is that more than three hundred boys
have agreed upon their honor not to use to-
bacco in any form. What is the best about it
is that when an Indian swears off he stays
swore off. His word is good in that respect.
The crusade was conducted quietly but effect-
ively. There was a real canvass made and
then the boys were taken into the confidence.
The result is surprising and gratifying. Now
if we could just have something like that in
our schools in the city how fine it would be. —
Lawrence Journal World,
Carson School, Stewart, Nevada
Nevada American
Mr. W. A. Van Voorhis, superintendent of
the Fallon agency and school, visited us last
Wednesday. He is arranging to have our
acetylene gas lighting outfit moved to his
school, since it is no longer needed here.
Miss Margaret Martin, baker, has been
transferred to the position of laundress at Green-
ville school, leaving for her new post of duty
Sunday evening. Miss Martin has been an em-
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52
The Native American
ployee at Carson school for about a year and
a half and leaves here with an excellent record,
and with a host of friends, both among pupils
and employees who regret her departure.
Supt. RossLf. Spalsbury of Bishop, California,
went to Lk>s Angeles to be operated on for ap-
pendicitis, and Mrs. Spalsbury received word
that he is getting along nicely and will be home
in about two weeks. During his absence Mr.
Simeral is acting as superintendent.
I. G. Dillon, who entered the service as princi-
pal teacher at Crow Creek, South Dakota,
about 1907, transferred to a day school on Pine
Ridge, South Dakota, and for the past two
years principal of Cheyenne and Arapaho
school at Darlington, Oklahoma, has resigned
and gone into the automobile business at Kl
Reno, Oklahoma.
Tuba, Arizona
Coconino Sun.
The holidays passed on the reservation witn
all the happiness and merrymaking that the
season of glad tidings and great joy brings.
At the Navaho school, the children under the
direction of Professors Freeman and Her-
aughan, rendered a very complimentary pro-
gram and it was gratifying to all interested
in the advancement of the Indian to see and
hear the little Indian children render songs
and recitations, drills an^l exercises that
were in all as good as the average that is seen
in the school world. Miss Rachel Wilson and
Master Scott Preston recited in a very promis-
ing way and it was with difficulty that the In-
dians were brought to order, their appreciation
and delighi was so great in the effort of Master
Scott. The Christmas tree was heavily laden
with remembrances to all, and all feel a keen
sense of appreciation and good will towards
Supt. and Mrs. William T. Sullivan whose ef-
forts crowned the evening with success. Aside
from the entertainment given by those in
charge of the school, another was given under
the direction of Mr. D. K. Wood, missionary
in charge of the mission church at Tuba.
This was a grand success and all praises are
due to Mr. and Mrs. Wood, whose youth and
intelligence has been willingly given to the
greatest of all human endeavor, the betterment
of our fellow man.
child from being trampled by a runaway team.
He is now in the city receiving hospital.
Emily Ruiz and Vivian Chase left yesterday
afternoon for their homes in northern Cali-
fornia. The best wishes of hosts of friends for
a happy future are ever with them.
Mrs. Gates of Glendale, California, and
mother of former principal teacher, Mr. C ly.
Gates, is spending a few days with Mr. and
Mrs. Kightlinger.
Messrs Murray and Brown of the Indian
Office are spending a few days at the school
on business.
Sherman Institute, Riverside, California.
Sherman Bulletin
Robert Blodgett, brother of Ruby and Myrtle
Blodgett, was painfully injured in a runaway
accident in Los Angeles last week. His injuries
were sustained in an attempt to save a small
Flandreau, South Dakota
Peace Pipe
Roster of employees:
Charles F. Peirce, superintendent.
William A. Harris, clerk.
Sadie F. Malley, assistant clerk.
Fred A. Spafford, physician.
Simon Finley, disciplinarian.
John Shaillaux, principal.
Ella G. King, teacher.
A. Pendergast, teacher.
Mattie Jones, teacher.
Julia M. Escher, teacher.
Emma M. Ball, teacher.
Alice K. Carr, teacher.
Olive E. Harrington, teacher.
Laura A. Peirce, matron.
Emma F. Smith, assistant matron.
Malinda M. Cornelius, assistant matron.
Hattie W. Hazier, assistant matron.
Adelle M. Thompson, dining-room matron.
C. A. Dibben, nightwatchman.
Sarah J. Banks, nurse.
Miss Vandergrift, seamstress.
Elane Catch Enemy, assistant seamstress.
Mrs. Ferguson, assistant.
Cecelia Wheelack, assistant matron.
Sarah J. Cornelius, laundress.
Minnie C. King, assistant laundress.
Bebie Mead, baker.
Mary G. Whitely, cook.
Mrs. Harris, domestic science teacher (tem-
porary.
Lucy Brave, assistant cook.
Robert A. Voy, farmer.
LeRoy Carr, carpenter.
James T. Edworthy, hamessmaker.
Henry W. Breakner, gardener.
W. S. Hechendorn, engineer.
Moses E. King, assistant engineer.
Fred G. Beane, printer.
August A. Breuninger, bandmaster.
Elizabeth Woodham, assistant seamstress.
Thomas Reed, tailor.
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WHERE THE WEST BEGINS
Out where the handclasp's a little stronger.
Out where the smile dwells a little longer,
Thats where the West begins.
Out where the sun is a little brighter.
Where the snows that fall are a trifle whiter.
Where the bonds of home are a wee bit tighter,
Thafs where the West begins.
Out where the skies are a trifle bluer.
Out where friendship's a little truer,
Thafs where the West begins.
Out where a fresher breeze is blowing.
Where there's laughter in even; streamlet flowing —
Where there's more of reaping and less of sowing —
Thafs where the West begins.
Out where the world is in the making.
Where fewer hearts with despair are aching —
Thafs where the West begins.
Where there's more of singing and less of sighing.
Where there's more of giving and less of buging.
And a man makes friends without half trying —
Thafs where the West begins.
—Arthur Chapman in Denver Bipublican,
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Basketball Team, Leupp, Arizona.
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iiiMJi
"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFET'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 15
jAttuArySl, 1914
Wm
ff^txmber 5
Problems in Porto Rico
Addregs of Bt. Bee. JAMES IL VAN BUB EN at Lake Mohonk Conference October 1913.
^l^rt'ANY years ago, when I was a boy, we lived on the banks of the Ohio, in Cincinnati,
^|l[f and one of the pleasantest remembrances I retam of those days was watching the
^*^ waters of the Licking river which at that point joins the Ohio. The Licking is a
sensitive and high-spirited stream, subject to many moods and not especially self-restrained.
So when it was in freshet its muddy waters would pour themselves in a turbulent stream
into the Ohio and for miles and miles one could see the two streams side by side clear and
distinct as though they refused to amalgamate.
I have often thought of this during the years of my residence in Porto Rico, and in
telling you today of the problems which awaited us upon our occupation of that island,
I place, first of all— for it covers all— the problem of the mingling, blending and amalga-
mating of the two streams of civilization, which are flowing there side by side. The Porto
Rican type is distinctly Spanish. It has inherited traditions, history, language and ethics
from sources alien and strange to us. There is very much in the Spanish that is excellent
and worthy of preservation. Our problem has not been to destroy nor to substitute, but to
preserve whatever was excellent and of good report in the life of those people as we found
them while bringing to them as much as they were able to receive — yes. and more than
they could receive — of that which we love and cherish in our own. To watch the blending
of these streams is most fascinating. To have had some part in helping along the process
is a privilege for which one cannot be sufficiently thankful.
How are we to inculcate loyalty to our flag without causing ourselves to become too
unpopular by disregard of those associations and sentiments which would naturally cluster
round the former standard? In the most common-sense fashion, as it seems to me, this
was done. That is, first, by never emphasizing nor accentuating racial differences. Second^
by instilling a patriotism, as we understand it, in the public schools. And this made free
universal education even more necessary than it would have otherwise been. I know that
is hardly conceivable among a people who were said to be eighty per cent illiterate at the
time of our arrival. But. be that as it may, there must be a reasonable amount of education
among any people which seeks the precious gift of American citizenship. This problem was
complicated by two factors — one a financial difficulty, and the other, the traditions of the
people. They were not accustomed to free schools and there were not wanting many who
doubted and still doubt their utility. Among a people predestined to agricultural pursuits,
what will happen, they say, when universal education unfits the field hand to work in the
field? In addition to this, our educational forces were met by the necessity of making such
advances as they could upon the hosts of ignorance, with revenues far too small for the
purpose. Under the terms of the Foraker Bill, which was the foundation of our organic law,
one-half the revenues of the island must be devoted to the expenditures of the insular
government and the other half divided between highways and public schools. It must be
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56 The Native American
borne in mind also that there were, outside the passession of the Roman Catholic church,
practically no school houses whatever And with these disadvantages something of the
herculean task which has been accomplished may be realized when I tell you that today
there are at least six times as many children receiving an education in the island as there
were when the stars and stripes were first raised fifteen years ago. There were thirty
thousand children iu school at that time. There are nearly two hundred thousand in the
schools today, which nurnb3r is still further increased by the "interlocking system." and of
these children all under fifteen years of age, be it remembered, were bora under the flag
we love.
It has been hard to offer salaries that would tempt successful teachers to leave their
positions in the home land and undergo the trials of climate and other conditions unfavor-
able to intellectual effort Every encouragement was offered and every facility given that
could be held out for native teachers to qualify for the work. The Department of Instruc-
tion in Porto Rico, aided by private schools, parochial schools and mission schools, deserves
great credit for the tremendous advances it has made. English had to be taught to pupils
and teachers alike, and it must be borne in mind, though we may not realize it, that Eng-
lish is one of the hardest languages the human tongue can possibly encounter. Loyalty to
American principles and standards is a leading feature of the public school curriculum in
Porto Rico.
The Porto Ricans ardently desire citizenship. My own feeling has been and is today
that this boon under wise and proper safeguards ought to be granted them, and along with
the privileges there should go the duties of citizenship. With an increasing share in the
responsibilities of government there must go an increasing sense of duty for the support of
the government. And it is my firm conviction that if we treat the citizens of Porto Rico
with the same confidence that we bestow upon the citizens of New York or Ohio or Idaho,
they will more and more rise to the measure of loyalty and independence, selfgovernment
and obedience, which we require in all parts of our great commonwealth. If you want
your adopted child to be a credit to the family you must treat him as you treat the other
children.
Language, as I have intimated, is one of the hardest problems in Porto Rico. Please
bear in mind that there are upwards of a million people in the island and not more than
fifteen hundred, or at the outside two thousand, to whom English is their native tongue^
and from this it will be easy to imagine how long it will be before Spanish ceases to be the
predominant language of the island; especially when you remember also, that most of those
^ho have come from the States are not there for missionary or educational purposes.
The race problem exists in Porto Rico, but it is not acute and seems to give no present
:ground for anxiety. The different colors and the races they represent live in peace and
harmony side by side, and to each and all. under American rule, there is given equal op-
portunity.
The domestic problem and the ever-increasing cost of living are a fruitful source of fret
and worry, producing, I veritably believe, more cases of tropical neurasthenia than all the
other conditions of that climate and latitude combined. It is not difficult to find people
who are willing and able for domestic service nor are the wages exorbitant, but I bear no
false witness against my neighbor when I say that it sometimes requires three servants to
do the work of one, and each of those three is quite liable to have a supply of children and
other relatives dependent upon what they may bring home from the surplus of our market-
ing. This results in a species of taxation without representation which is abhorrent to the
American mind.
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Januarg 31, 1914 57
The thres principal industries of the island are sugar, tobacco and coffee production.
The removal of a tariff between Porto Rico and the rest of the United States has so
stimulated these industries, especially the first two, that it is evident to the most casual ob-
server that there is in the island widespread and genuine commercial prosperity. More peo-
ple are employed, more hours a day, more days in the week, and with more money in the pay
envelope, than ever before. Millions of dollars invested and thousands of acres under most
perfect cultivation testify to the truth of a remark which was made to me, not long before I
came away, to this effect: "The time is not far distant when everything in Porto Rico
that is not owned or controlled by the tobacco trust will be owned or controlled by sugar."
The development of these two industries during the past fifteen years has been no less than
marvellous. Had Rip Van Winkle gone to sleep on the mountains of Porto Rico in 1898
^nd waked up today he would not know the place. Everywhere the old fashioned sugar
mill has given place to the most modern central and we have made five or six, at least, to
grind where only one ground before. Miles upon miles of tobacco fields covered with
cheese cloth resemble huge avalanches in that land where snow and ice are unknown.
Millions upon millions of dollars have been invested there.
But why do I speak of this among the problems? Because all this prosperity is due
to the trust and as yet the trust is itself a problem. The profits arising from these great
industries are not returned to the island; they are emptied into the coffers of syndicates
in New York and Madrid. The island itself is not rich, but it is a wealth producer and
might well quote the words of the apostle concerning the early church: "As poor, yet mak-
ing many rich; as having nothing, and yet possessing all things." It is quite true that there
are many automobiles today running up and down the military road. Not a few fine resi-
dences have also been built in Porto Rico in recent years. Many miles of public highway
have been constructed. But I can think at present of only one really great undertaking of
a public nature, and that is the new building or buildings being erected in the capital city
for the use of the government, and those buildings are being erected at the cost of Uncle Sam.
It seems to me that there is not enough interest displayed in the island and its needs.
I have now stated some of the problems. I do not think myself wise enough to contribute
very much to their solution, but I must confess that I consider it most unfortunate that
these problems have to be dealt with at long range and that we must govern the island fron»
Washington and administer the church in Porto Rico from New York. It is extremely diffi-
cult for people who do not reside in the island to realize and thus adequately deal with the
problems which I have named. Therefore, I believe in an increased and increasing local
responsibility. I love the Island and its people. There are among them people of the highest
type of Christian character and intellectual development. There are others also, and when
I am asked what kind of people there are in Porto Rico, my invariable reply is. "What kind,
people are there in New York?" There are all sorts of people in Porto Rico, but while I do not
believe you will find anywhere, among all our states or territories, a more peaceful, contented,
law-abiding and altogether lovable people than the Porto Ricans, yet I do not believe in making
them autonomous or independent, simply because I think the worst thing that could happen
to them would be to withdraw from them the protection and other advantages of the flag.
The lights and shadows of a problematical future play across one*s vision as he looks
upon the development of our American institutions there. There is much to give him hope
and encouragement, much also to cause every true friend of Porto Rico to feel anxiety as
well as longing for their best and highest destiny. Something of these mingled lights and
shadows one may hear in that song called "Borinquen," from the ancient Indian name of
the island. I count it an honor to number Don Fernando Juncos, its author, among my
(Continued on page sixty.)
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58
The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GCX)DMAN. Superintendent
An lilusir&ted Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprcniicei at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKXTY-FIVE OKNTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST
Engineer F. R. Schanck was over from the
Sacaton Reclamation camp late last week,
enroute to Los Angeles.
Donald Goodman of Prescott spent a day
in Phoenix the first of the week to take the
stenographer's examination for Philippine
Service.
Robert Blodgett, who is mentioned in last
week's Sherman Bulletin as having been
hurt while rescuing a child from a runaway
team in Los Angeles, is a Phoenix graduate,
and his friends here are sorry to learn of his
injury.
Robert Tallas, a Hopi boy who has been
working at Yuma, stopped at Phoenix this
week and visited some of his friends at the
Indian school. Robert was a Riverside
pupil for three years. He is on his way to
his home at Moencopi.
Miss Clara M. Smith of Tuba escorted pupils
to Phoenix last week and remained two days
to visit the school. Miss Smith was at Mesca-
lero school. New Mexico, several years before
being transferred to Arizona, and while here
was able to renew several former acquaint-
ances.
The daughter of Mrs. Mann of Chemawa
passed away last Saturday night at a Phoe-
nix sanitarium, and the parents left the next
evening to accompany the remains to Salem
school for interment. Mrs. Mann brought
her daughter to Phoenix about two months
ago with the hope that the climate of the
southwest would be beneficial, but her case
was evidently too far advanced and she grad-
ually grew worse. The parents have the
sympathy of many Indian Service friends
in their bereavement.
Mrs. Hardy had as guests Sunday her
brother, Mr. Towery, of Phoenix, and Mr.
Moncravy, a family friend from Arkansas
City, Kansas, who is spending the winter
here.
The January number of the National
Printer Journalist contains an article en-
titled "Making Printers of Young Indians,"
and speaks particularly of the printing de-
partment at Haskell Institute, Lawrence,
Kansas. Besides a cut of the shop there ap-
pears a picture of Peter Porter, pressman,'
who is one of our own Pima boys pursuing
his studies at Haskell until recently.
New periodicals for the dissemination of
news among the Indians continue to make
their appearance, the latest being the Brule
Rustler, published at Lower Brule, South
Dakota, and from its columns we are pleased
to glean items of interest. The onus rests
on Supt. 0. J. Green who started the healthy
Mesquakie Booster and is no believer in
either race or journalistic suicide.
Five hundred head of pedigreed cows, Dur-
hams and Jerseys, were recently sold to In-
dians on the Klamath reservation, the usual
number being five to the family, fifteen being
the largest number sold to one man. They
are to be paid for in seven yearly install-
ments. Five hundred more are being sold
at Yainax in the eastern part of the reserva-
tion.— Nevada American.
Twice within a week the cares of the office
force have been routed by the appearance
of a plate of warm delicious cookies from
Miss Keek's department. The first splendid
sample of cookery was credited to the skill
of Ida Richardson and the second to Martha
Hughes; and the girls have reason to be
proud of what they have learned. Then on
Thursday Miss BuUard just casually re-
marked to us that a propitious time for in-
specting her industrial cottage had arrived.
We took the hint, and likewise some partic-
ularly inviting doughnuts that seemed to be
in the way on the range and kitchen table.
We hear that Mamie Holmes was the dough-
nut artist
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January 31, 1914.
59
Hon. Richard E. Sloane, Arizona's last
territorial governor, will speak at the Indian
school auditorium this evening, Saturday,
January 31. His subject will be "Our Gov-
ernment and the Indian." Governor Sloane
is one of the representative men of Phoenix
who has so kindly consented to take one of
the special evening programs arranged last
fall. All employees are invited to hear him.
The pupils of Fort Totten Indian school
have also been victorious in their contest
with public school pupils, according to the
Review, having been awarded three first
and three second prizes in the past three
years in declamation contests with Oberon
school. This is an enviable record, and
gives another instance of what the Indian
boy and girl can accomplish if the proper
effort is put forth.
Mrs. 0. 0. Benson, wife of Dr. Benson, su-
perintendent of the Tower, Minnesota, school
died on Monday of last week. Mrs. Benson
was an intelligent and cultured lady and ad-
mire d by all who knew her. She was em-
ployed as financial clerk, and took great in-
terest in the Indian school. She leaves a
husband and two children who will have the
sympathy of all in their bereavement. —
Weeklg Review.
Joseph Graves left for his home Tuesday
where he will rest up for a short time and
then report at Philadelphia for practice with
the Athletics who will do their preliminary
work this year in Florida. Joe is counted
as one of the best left handed pitchers in
the northwest and we hope to see him make
good with a big league team. With George
Johnson with Cincinnati and Graves with
Philadelphia Flandreau will be well repre-
sented in the national game this year. —
Flandreau Weeklg Review.
Haskell Boys Unite Against Tobacco
We have been slow to say anything for
publication about the movement entered in-
to by the boys of Haskell on the evening of
December 31, 1913, a date that will long be
memorable in the school, because we did
not care to make a special parade of the
matter.
However, our local papers have taken it
up, and even the Honorable Commissioner
of Indian Affairs has learned of it, telegraph-
ing his congratulations, so, as all eyes are
upon us, this explanation is made.
On that evening all the boys of the school,
together with the disciplinarian and assis-
tant disciplinarian, met in the school as-
sembly room and talked over the matter of
the use of tobacco. The result of the delib-
erations was a resolution that there should
be organized at Haskell Institute a society
to stamp out the use of tobacco. The con-
stitution and declaration of principles was
signed by three hundred forty-nine out of the
three hundred ninety or more boys of the
school. This did not mean that this number
had been addicted to tobacco, nor that all
who did not sign are necessarily tobacco
users, but that this large number wished to
be identified with the movement.
Space forbids our mentioning the good
talks and reasons urged by the boys them-
selves and, contrary to the impression that
has gained some ground, the force of the
movement came from within and was not
the result of a campaign or of pressure.
The best part of the movement is this:
Signs of the use of tobacco have almost
totally disappeared from Haskell and the
grounds about Haskell. The signs that are
seen are but relics of another day, a day
that we hope has passed forever in the stu-
dent life of the school. .We hope to see the
organization live and to see the boys them-
selves keep it alive so that each successive
student generation will be met with a nucle-
us which will rebuild the organization from
year to year.
The boys are planning to hold occasional
meetings and to secure speakers who will
have something encouraging and inspiring
to say. They intend to have some social
features as well. They have already had
Professor McKeever, known nationally as an
authority on boys and girls, and enjoyed a
most excellent common-sense talk of a na-
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The Native American
tare calculated to foster and promote the
principles under which they are enlisted.
Professor McKeever pointed out that Has-
kell boys will now be under the eyes of the
whole country. He himself stated that he
would herald the matter far and wide, and
that if they "stuck" it would be one of the
biggest things he had observed in his career
as an educator and a student of such mat-
ters. One statement which should be kept in
mind by the members was: "Boys, if you
stick — and I know you are going to do it; I be-
lieve your word is good — your example will
help the boys and young men of all America.
It will help *Big; ''—Indian Leader.
Problems in Porto Rico.
(Continued from page fifty-seven.)
most valued friends as I recall them to mind.
The song is as follows. I will give you my
own translation.
Mj native land Borinquen,
A garden filled with flowers.
In beauty far surpassing
The wealth of magic powers.
Above thee for a canopy
Hang ever gleaming skies,
While from the ripples around thy feet
Ascend sweet lullabies.
When great Columbus reached thy strand
He cried with deepest admiration
Oh, Oh,Oh, this is indeed that beauteous land
Mine eyes would rest upon.
It is Borinquen, daughter.
Daughter of the sea and sun.
^
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
^
Eighth Grade.
The painters are working hard at the barn
so as to make it look clean.
The new uniforms of all the girls' companies
are finished and we are wearing them on Sun-
days.
The eighth grade pupils have been busy
coloring maps of Australia and are soon to
have a test in it.
We eighth grade pupils are getting interested
in studying civil government, because we are
getting a great deal from it.
The girls are all glad that the baseball sea-
son is here, as of course we are always inter-
ested in watching the games.
Sunday the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. will
have their meeting in the girls' home.
We farmers are glad to have some more new
implements and Mr. Hammock says that we
are going to do some scientific farming.
A communion was held up in the chapel last
Sunday morning for the girls and boys who
are members of the different churches.
The printers are hard at work this week. We
are behind in getting the paper out but we ex-
pect to get the paper out on time this week.
We have had rain for the last few days and
the wind blows so that ii makes me think of
the kind of weather we have in New Mexico.
Louise Watchman and Thirza Mountain are
going to organize baseball teams among the
girls. We hope that they will turn out some
good players.
We are taking more interest in learning
about citizenship this year for we hope some
day we may be recognized as true citizens as
the white people.
The girls are quite interested in baseball
as well as the boys. Every day they are seen
out playing. They have organized different
teams and play against each other. Jennie
Parsons is one of the best players.
Fifth Grade B
This week we are studying about citizenship.
Thomas Ely will hold third base for Boston
Red Sox.
We painters are painting the old frame barn
and the fence posts.
Philip Enas says he likes to be a farmer
better than to work in the kitchen.
Francisco George says he is better for build-
ing fence than to work with the team.
The masons are making new sidewalks north
of the employees' building.
Scott Eldridge is getting interested in boxing,
as he said it was good exercise. I hope he will
make a good boxer when he grows up.
I think the rain that fell last night was the
first rain we have had in January.
We fifth grade boys and girls enjoy reading
the new books we have because they tell good
stories.
We are having cold weather this week.
L<ast night we had a rain storm so we did not
come to church.
Roy Peters is getting to be the best scholar'
in our class. We hope to see him in the fifth
grade A next month.
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JTanuaro 31, 1914
61
Walter Keys is ffoing: to play on short for
the Boston Red Sox this year, and we wish to
see him make a success.
Ivast week I received a letter from one of my
friends stating that the Sacaton school chil-
dren are over with mumps.
We are glad to see the new pump running.
We are also glad to have Prank Whitman
working in the power house.
Mr. Wade is very busy putting in garden
back of the new cottage which he will move
into as soon as it is finished.
The band gave its concert in the city at its
city hall Friday afternoon. The boys are go-
ing to receive new blue uniforms pretty soon.
The wagon shop boys are very glad Mr.
Moore taught us how to set the wheel of the
wagon. The boys are taking much interest in
our work.
We are trying to learn the three departments
of government: Legislative, or law making;
Executive, of law enforcing; Judicial, com-
posed of judges and courts.
Luke Anton, who is the captain of the New
York baseball team, says that he hopes to win
every game that is played during the ball
season.
I was very glad to hear from my brother day
before yesterday. He said they had lots of
snow in New Mexico. I am glad because I
am staying here in the warm weather.
I received a letter from uncle George Wil-
son, Monday, and he said they are having a
heavy snow at Goffs, California, and last week
they had a terrible snow storm.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
outside as the wind blew the nails out of his
pocket. The auto could not run as the tires
blew out. Something more than the usual
zephyrs of a balmy clime.
Cato Sells Albeita is the last boy to enroll
in the school and he gives promise of making
a favorable record, too.
Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Muysken and little son
Henry lunched on Sunday with Mr. and Mrs.
Arnold.
The auto had another — Oh, well, a Navaho
team hitched on to it twenty miles out and
brought it in without any trouble.
Mr. Kerr and family moved to Gallup where
he expects to secure work with the railroad
company or at the mines near town.
H. F. Robinson, superintendent of irrigation,
expects to visit the agency officially within a
short time.
Pueblo Bonlto School, Crownpoint,
New Mexico
By Special Corretpondent.
Everyone is rejoicing, now that artesian
water was found at a depth of five hundred
thirty feet in the first test. Should the series
of wells to be drilled prove successful, it will
mark the dawn of a more favorable period for
improved stock raising and better domestic
water for the Navaho living within the limits
of such wells.
Monday was the most disagreeble, windy,
dusty day of the year. Had trouble when my
mouth was opened for my teeth nearly got
away. The carpenter had to give up working
Fort Defiance, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
Rev. Fr. William H. Ketcham and Dr. Samuel
A.Eliot of the Boird of Indian Commissioners
were visitors at the school this week. Superin-
tendent Paquette having met them in Gallup
Tuesday morning. The roids were so bad
that four horses were required to pull the spring
wagon, and then they were seven and a half
hours making the thirty miles from Gallup.
Upon their arrival at seven o'clock, dinner was
served at Superintendent Paquette's cottage,
and a pleasant evening was spent renewing
acquaintance with the employees who had been
invited to meet them.
Wednesday evening the Christmas cantata
was repeated for their benefit after which the
employees adjourned to the club building
where a social hour was enjoyed. Delicious ice
cream and cake, for which Mrs. Kelly, the cook,
is famous, were served and then the distin-
guished guests bade us good night, as they
were obliged to leave at six o'clock the next
morning for Gallup where they took the train
for Albuquerque.
Dr. Barton, agency physician here, received
a deserved promotion to physician at Chin Lee,
Arizona. Wesha 1 miss Dr. Barton very much
but know that success awaits him in his new
field.
The many friends of Gertrude M. Golden,
our principal teacher, learn with regret of the
death of her father who passed away recently
at his home in Detroit, Michigan. The hard
times party which was to have been given
Friday evening was postponed in deference
to Miss Golden in her sad bereavement.
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The Native American
Miss Evans, one of our teachers, has been
confined to her room for a week with the
mumps.
Dr. and Mrs. Chambers and little son of To-
hatchi have been visiting the Fort the past
week. Mrs. Chambers came to receive treat-
ment for a painful ear affliction.
The heating" system for the new kitchen and
dining room is being" installed bj Engineer
Kelly and his assistant, J. J. Miles.
Leupp, Arizona
By Special Correapomienl
That this school has a first class basket ball
team was demonstrated on Saturday last when
the Winslow hig'h school basket ball team met
them on the g"rounds at I^eupp. Our boys had
been thoroughly trained by C. R. Rivera, an ex-
Haskell student, and the manner in which the
team held its own and responded to united team
work brought forth words of praise for the
team as well as their coach Mr. Rivera. The
Winslow team was escorted by several auto-
mobiles from that town and was met at the
entrance to our grounds by the full school
band of twenty-eight pieces, which escorted
them to the mess where they were welcomed
by the reception committee of the day. A
lunch was served and after several selections
by the band the game began. The score was
twenty-seven to nine in favor of Leupp. Pro-
fessor Cornelius of the Winslow high school,
who came with the team, offers the L<eupp team
a return game to be played in Winslow in the
near future.
Supt. and Mrs. Charles H. Dickson returned
from L/Os Angeles December first, where they
have been for the benefit of Mr. Dickson's
health. We are glad to have our superinten-
dent with us again, although at present writ-
ing he is still quite ill.
A pleasant surprise party was given on Jan-
uary third to Mrs. H. T. Child, wife of our
physician, to which all the employees walked
in unannounced. Games and dancing were en-
joyed until a late hour when a splendid repast
was served by the ladies who planned the party.
Many happy congratulations were offered as the
party occured.
W. H. Edelin and family took a ten day's
trip through Arizona with his newly purchased
Metz roadster.
C. A. Kiese of Winslow was a recent caller
on Superintendent Dickson.
Dr. H. T. Child of this agency was a recent
visitor in Prescott.
Mrs. Cora Abbott of Ignacio, Colorado, is the
new assistant matron at this school, vice Mrs.
W. W. Pappan.
Miss Julie J. Smith, school nurse, has re-
signed and returned to her home in Connecticut.
Peleg Kinney, additional farmer, came in
January 10, on his way from Kansas City where
he spent Christmas with his family, to Castle
Butte station, his headquarters.
An epidemic of colds has been in progress at
the school for ten days past and Dr. Child has
had his hands full at the hospital. Several ad-
ditional beds had to be added in order to ac-
commodate the sick who needed hospital treat-
ment.
Percy, one of the school boys, has been quite
ill with pneumonia, but was able to return to
school Monday.
John W. was another very sick child here
recently but is now up and around as well as
ever.
Fort Totten, North Dakota
Fort Totten Review
Colonel Pringle is making an official visit at
the school. He drew up the plans for the im-
provement in the heating and lighting plants
and wants to see them in operation in a North
Dakota winter, lie left on the twenty-third
for Mount Pleasant, Michigan.
Dr. Newton, dentist in the Indian Service,
left us on the fifth for Port Berthold. The doc-
tor has been with us for some months and
finished the dental work at Fort Totten up to
date.
The opening of the new year brings our elec-
tric lighting system into operation once more,
making our plant complete after a temporary
lighting for fourteen months.
Truxton Canon, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
MissSinnard conducts her regular classes in
domestic science Thursday and Friday of each
week.
John Savorias, who came from Phoenix to
accept the position of assistant farmer, is giv-
ing satisfaction.
Mr. and Mrs. Peacore were Hackberry visit-
ors Saturday.
On Friday evening, January 16, Miss Sin-
nard, Mr. and Mrs. Peacore entertained the
small children in the domestic science hall.
Refreshraenis of cake and coffee were served.
On Saturday, January 17, the boys of King-
man and those from Nelson played baseball.
The game was very interesting. The score
was eight to six in favor of Kingman.
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January 31, 1914
Mrs. White of Gold Road spent a few days
of last week with Mrs. Shell.
Mr. Webb was a Hackberry visitor Suaday.
Cornfields, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
The day school closed December 20 with a
program given by the children singing Christ-
mas songs, speaking pieces, and a vif>it from
Santa Claus. A generously decorated Christ-
mas tree contained presents, bags of candy,
apples, nuts, cakes, popcorn, etc.
Dr. Kennedy was a recent visitor at Corn-
fields.
Mr. and Mrs. Karington entertained Mr.
Hubbell of Ganado last week.
Miss Moore was a caller on Miss Burton, and
also visited the school.
Rev. Mr. Piatt was another day school visitor.
Mr. Parker and Mr. Coddington of Ganado
visited last Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. Karing-
ton.
Supt. Peter Paquette, accompanied by two
of the Fort Defiance school boys and Miss
Marsh, boys* matron, visited Miss Burton and
remained during the closing of school. They
were all treated to a fine turkey roast by the
hospitable teaclier.
Mr. Dyke and Rev. W. R. Johnson of Indian
Wells were callers at Cornfields day school.
Grandma Shipley celebrated her eighty-
seventh birthday on January 2i'. She was able
to enjoy a hearty dinner with a gathering of
friends from Cornfields.
An automobile passed through here enroute
from Denver to Phoenix. The roads were very
heavy, but it was swinging right along.
Mr. and Mrs. Karington of Cornfields contem-
plate a visit to Gallup and Winslow in the near
future.
Mr. Driscoll is trying to wing a hawk which
is devouring Miss Burton's fine fowls.
We miss the children since the closing of
school, especially E. Nossewood, Miss Burton's
little Indian helper.
Mildred Tallman, housekeeper, is away on
her vacation.
Miss Burton expects to spend her vacation
next month at Fort Defiance, Gallup and Al-
buquerque.
have been accepted and are now at the agency
office in Anadarko. Bids are being advertised
to be opened after two o'clock p. m. February
11, and so it is probably a matter of not more
than sixty days when the contract will be let
for putting up the building so that the hospital
may soon be a fact. With the great number
who suffer from trachoma, andtheotherdread
diseases which are settling upon the tribes,
the hospital does not come too soon.
The Comanche children who attend the pub-
lic schools near Indiahoma are all doing nicely.
They shared fully in the Christmas entertain-
ment of the school.
During the past two weeks Superintendent
Stecker, Special Agent Ellis and Major Goode
of Fort Sill have spent much time securing
choice of allotments for the Fort Sill Apache
Indians. Most of the homesteads have been
selected, and it is hoped to finish all the work
for children by the first of March. It is up to
Washington to ratify the selections already
made.
Many cases of measles are being reported at
the agency. Also some cases of smallpox.
Superintendent Stecker advises all Indians to
remain at home, except where business of ne-
cessity calls. Do not visit around now, take
care of the children.
W. H. Wise, industrial teacher, accepted
a transfer to a similar position at a Nevada
agency. He had been at this school for more
than three years and his friends regretted to
see him leave.
Anadarko, Oklahoma
^ome and School.
The plans and specifications for the new
hospital for the Indians of this reservation
Genoa, Nebraska
Indian News.
William Drake o f Nevada agency, has
been transferred to this school as head farmer
and reported for duty January first.
Miss Schmitz left on the twenty-second,
transferred to Greenwood, South Dakota, which
was her first place in the service. The school
regrets losing an excellent employee.
Mrs. Oskins writes from I^apwai sanatorium,
Idaho, where she holds the position of dining-
room matron, that she is liking her surround-
ings very much. The sanatorium is delight-
fully situated.
Miss Webt left the school on the eighteenth,
and number three school room, the sixth and
seventh grades, will be taught temporarily by
Mr. Peterson from town. The good wishes of
the school go with her on her journey to San
Francisco where she will be with friends for
a time.
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The Native American
ChemawEt Oregon
Ck9mawa American.
The man J friends of Mrs. Theisz are pleased
that she is well and on duty again. Mrs.
Cooper had charge of McRride Hall during
her illness.
Not all the schools in the Indian Service can
boast of roses blooming on their campus at
this time of the year. However, Chemawa is
proud of the fact that rosea can be seen at this
season and by examining the violet l>eds we
find violets in large numbers. Christmas day
the employees* diningroom tables were dec-
orated with roses picked from bushes grow-
ing on the school campus.
The water tower and tank, now under con-
struction, will fill a long felt want. The bottom
of the tank is eighty feet above ground. In
case of fire, water can easily be thrown over
the top of the highest building of the school.
Ernest Brewer, who now holds a clerkship
at the Yakima school, spent Christmas with
relatives and friends in Chemawa. Ernest is
now strong and hearty and is getting along
nicely.
Our large new steel water tank is practically
done. It has a capacity of fifty thousand gal-
lons and the top of it is more than one hundred
feet above ground. Superintendent Wads-
worth and others are rejoicing that we are to
be so well equipped for holding a reserve
supply of water.
Mrs. Thompson resigned her position here
January 1, and went back to her home in Had-
lock, Washington. She had been matron at
the small boys' home. The good wishes of
many friends follow her. Mrs. William Love-
lace succeeded Mrs. Thompson as matron.
Otto Hungray of Shoshone, Wyoming, was
recently appointed to the position of night
watchman at Chemawa. Mr. Hungray comes
to us highly endorsed as an athlete and all-
around sportsman, being recommended as a
baseball pitcher. He was at the Riverside
school for a couple of years.
The nurse girls are taking a regular course
of training under Mrs. Irma Douglas, govern-
ment nurse. Everything has been reorgan-
ized in the department and the girls receive
lessons in nursing, and all that pertains to it,
daily. The girls make a most attractive ap-
pearance in their neat uniforms.
Since our last issue Dr. and Mrs. H. L/. Hale,
who were residents of Chemawa for many
months, went to Siletz, at which place they
remained a few weeks. We were informed
that early this month they were to proceed to
the school at Warmsprings, Oregon. The
doctor is doing dental work for the govern-
ment at the various Indian schools.
Lower Brule, South Dakota
BruU Susller,
Father Ambrose met with a very great loss
on the second. While attempting to cross the
river, his team broke through the ice and he
barely escaped himself, losing his team and
rig in the river. His many friends sincerely
hope that this loss will be made up to him,
and that he will soon recover from the shock
and receive no evil results from the exposure.
Superintendent Green crossed the *'Big Mud-
dy'* with the auto on the last day of the old
year. Mr. Norton, our superintendent of live
stock, did the driving, and he knows how.
Mr. Keylock, the new farmer, and Mr. Suffe-
cool, chief clerk, were along. All stopped at
the Crow Creek agency to say "HOW!" to Su-
perintendent Kohlenberg and his force, then
went on to Chamberlain and, recrossiag the
river there, reached home again about seven
by the clock.
Employees on duty:
Orville J. Green, superintendent.
principal.
Boyd R. Read, physician.
Jeremiah L. Sufifecool, financial clerk.
Edwin E. Pike, clerk.
Mary C. Wright, stenographer.
Clyde M. Norton, superintendent of live stock.
Robert A. Keylock, agency farmer.
Samuel L#aPointe, agency farmer.
Allen S. Taylor, engineer.
Thomas Flannery, blacksmith.
George Tomkins, assistant blacksmith.
John A. Gilliam, carpenter.
Paul Roubideau, assistant carpenter.
Eve L,, Carey, female industrial teacher.
Allie B. Busby, teacher.
Georgia Mae Parr, teacher.
Harriet May Humphreys, matron.
Ruth Walton, assistant matron.
Nora A. Parson, seamstress.
Susie C. Lambert, cook.
Mary A. Smith, laundress.
George H. Caldwell, school farmer.
Tim Ferguson, stableman.
John W. Elshire, night watchman.
Charlie DeSheuquette, interpreter.
Ed. P. Head, butcher.
Henry Driving Hawk, chief police.
Henry Useful Heart, police.
John Splintered Horn, police.
John DeSmet, judge.
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LET SOMETHING GOOD BE SAID
When o'er the fair fame of friend or foe
The shadow of disgrace shall fall; instead
Of words of blame, or proof of this and so.
Let something good be said.
Forget not that no fellow-being pet
Map fall so low but love mag lift his head;
Even the cheek of shame with tears is wet
If some good be said.
No generous heart mag vainlg turn aside
In wags of sgmpathg; no soul so dead^
But mag awaken strong and glorified
If something good be said
And so I charge ge, bg the thorng crown,
And bg the cross on which the Savior bled,
And bg gour own soul's fair renown,
Let something good be said.
-^AMES WHITCOMB BILEY^
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JiCARiLLA Indian School, Dulce, New Mexico.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE"
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devottd to Indian Education
Volume 15
February 7, J 9 14
^timber 6
Indian Stories of Struggle and Success
fiv Carolina W. Andrus, in charge of Indian records at Hampton Institute.
^■■rHERE has never been a time when there was more need than there is now of practical
llL education for Indians. As the reservations are opened and the Indians live more and
^■^more in contact with white neighbors, they must be prepared to meet the new condi-
tions. The boys must be better farmers and tradesmen, the girls more efficient homemakers.
The work which the returned students from Hampton have done, and are doing, has
proved the vaJue of the training received at that school. The first number of the Quar-
terly Journal, published by the Society of American Indians, contained this statement:
'^Hampton Institute has produced some of the ablest leaders of the Indian of this day and
generation. The spirit of helpfulness to brother man is the keynote of all instruction and
Waterfront of Hampton Institute
training. Hampton's devotion to duty brings its reward in the character and achievementa
of her graduates."
Stories from Life
During an interesting two months* trip I visited the Omaha and Winnebago reser-
vations in Nebraska, Standing Rock in North Dakota, Pine Ridge, Rosebud, and Cheyenne
River in South Dakota, saw about one hundred returned Hampton students and visited
nearly as many homes.
With the exception of Omaha and Winnebago I had visited none of these reservations
before, and on both of these there has been great progress since 1909. At Winnebago in
particular a determined effort to get the Indians at work on their own allotments has met
with signal success. Out of about two hundred families, considerably over one hundred are
said to be on their own allotments, and a number more on their inherited lands. In the
western part of the reservation, which for years was almost entirely given over to renters,
one finds many corafoitable Indian homes surrounded by well-tilled fields. Mr. Kneale, the
former superintendent, advocated the sale of much of the heirship land, and the use of the
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The Native American
proceeds to build homes and to give the Indians a start on their own places. A "full set of
improvements" includes a house, barn, outbuildings, and a cave for vegetables. The houses
are of two types, with either three or five rooms, according to the financial condition of the
owner, but all are well built and are of excellent material. The construction is supervised
by the superintendent or expert farmer, and the attractive, comfortable houses are a great
incentive toward home making and better living.
The scattering of the Indians has made it diflScult for them tu attend church at the agen-
cy, and with the feeling that their religious and industrial development must go hand in hand
a new chapel has been built about
twenty miles from the old mission
church. That his religion is a very
real part of his life was shown by
one of these Indians who last year
planted fifty rows of corn "for Jesus."
These were zealously tended and the
money they brought at harvest time
was a fund separate and apart from
all the rest.
Among the Omahas one finds
many excellent homes. The town
of Walthill numbers many Indians
in its population. They live side by
side with their while neighbors, do
business with them, and work with
them in the churches; in such a com-
munity the Indian problem does not
seem the discouraging one it does in
many places. The land on the Oma-
ha reservation is exceedingly rich
and one may drive mile after mile
between fields of splendid corn.
These fertile fields have proved the
undoing of many who have obtain-
ed their patents in fee and sold their
land. In many such cases the ever-
present white man, standing with
-outstretched hands, soon has not only the land but the money he paid for it All too many
have literally obeyed the command to take no thought for the morrow, and much suffering
is the result.
Probleins of the Sioux
Conditions on the Sioux reservation are much harder than those at Omaha and Winne-
bago. The soil is frequently of a very inferior quality, and water so hard to obtain that a
complete failure of crops seems to be the rule rather than the exception. One Hampton
graduate has invested almost everything he had in a part interest in a steam plow. For
three successive years he has prepared his ground, planted and tended his crops, and every
year the lack of rain has rendered his efforts an absolute failure. He has lost heavily in a
financial way but has not lost his courage, and was preparing to try again this spring.
The intense heat of summsr, and the equally intense cold of winter make life a struggle,
and the isolated homes almost completely prevent social intercourse.
EH Beapdsly, who finished plumbingr and steamflttingr
at Hampton Institute
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Febmarv 7, 1914, 69
Facing Hard Conditions
In most cases the students return to such hard conditions that the great wonder is
that they do so well. Far too often we expect much more of these students than we would
of ourselves. The white boys or girls who have been away at school a short time are not
expected to return and reform whole communities; the Indians are. They are expected to
be the leaders in church and school work, to speak English well enough to act as interpret-
ers, the girls to be good cooks, dressmakers, home-makers, the boys skilful tradesmen.
Indian srlrl leapnlns to do flpst class laundry work.
Is it then a wonder that one reads of occasional failures that the sensational newspapers
delight to brand as Indian school graduates? On the other hand, when one reads of the
success made by Indians in the various vocations of life one is sometimes inclined to think
that the Indian problem is already solved. The contrary seems quite the case. The open-
ing of the reservations and the consequent close proximity of white neighbors, the removal
of the restrictions on the land, and many other conditions have brought forth difficulties
which did not exist a few years ago. The need for help and guidance and for better and
more general education was never greater.
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The Native American
Life Among Indian Women
That the boys keep up to the standards of the schools better than the girls is undoubtedly
true, and, equally undoubtedly, the only thing to bs expected. The boys, who are in close
contact with the more progressive element on the reservations, must by every force of
necessity keep up. In the homes the girls live an isolated life, subject to the whiins of an
autocratic mother-in-law or grandmother, whose greatest dread may be the introduction of
the white man*s ideas. When one sees the prettily and neatly dressed children of these
same girls, one realizes, however, that the lessons of school life are bearing abundant fruit,
and that in their quiet, patient way they are gradually bringing about a most radical change.
In one home I visited, where both father and mother were former students, I asked the
small son what he was going to be when he grew up, and "Hampton boy" was the instant
response.
Gpoup of Indians who pern lined at Hampton Institute after the Government
appropriation was withdrawn.
The girls, however, do not have all the hard times, and when one sees a well-built, two-
Btory frame house, of seven or eight rooms, and is told that the lumber for it was hauled
fifty miles, one has a high respect for the builder. A Hampton graduate was moving into
«i good five-room house that he had himself just completed. His only instruction in car-
pentry had been in the manual-training department at Hampton. He had made his own
plans and estimates, and when he found the price of door jambs, window frames, etc., in
the local market was higher than he felt he could pay he corresponded with a mail-order
house in Chicago, ordered them there, and, including freight, saved very nearly a hundred
dollars. Instances of this sort seem hardly in character for the lazy Indian who will not
work!
I saw so many good homes, so many good barns, such numbers of men and women
holding positions of responsibility and trust and discharging their duties with quiet
eflSciency, such a throng of well-brought-up Hampton grandchildren, and so much more
that was interesting and inspiring, that I felt more than ever impressed with the ability of
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Febmarv 7, 1914
those who have gone out from Hampton to
do their share toward the upUft of their race.
Hampton's Indian Work
That a school which can do for the Indian
what Hampton has done must keep on
with the work at this critical time seems be-
yond question. The withdrawal of the Gov-
ernment appropriation was undoubtedly a
misfortune in some ways. It has created a
wide-spread impression that the school no
longer takes Indian students, and it will make
it exceedingly difficult for them to come to
Hampton from great distances, without help.
On the other hand, the boys and girls who
have stayed have grown in manliness, and
in strength and self-reliance, and have learn-
ed lessons of thrift and economy that some of
them might otherwise never have learned.
The fact that Hampton does not in any
way take the place of the other schools, or
compete with them, makes its work all the
more necessary for the further training of
promising students.
Almost the hardest part of the struggle
for self-support seems to be the making up of
one*s mind to it. That it can be done has
been well proved by the group of thirty-eight
boys and girls who are at Hampton this year,
and who come from nineteen tribes and
nine states. Fourteen of these are students
who came knowing they would have no Gov-
ernment aid. That others may come is the
hope of the school authorities. There will be
hard things for them to meet, but that the
effort is well worth while is undoubtedly true.
The doors of Hampton are open wide to
the Indian boy or girl who is earnestly trying
for more education. The friends of the school
and of the Indian make it possible to say
that Hampton can and will help those who
are recommended as worthy, who can en-
tirely or nearly support themselves after they
come, but who cannot reach the school with-
out aid. Surely the example of those who
are making such a success in working for
their education will prove an incentive to
others, and the school that has paved the
way for much of the present system of In-
71
dian education will still keep its place in the
work for the red children of our land.
An Interestinl Lecture
Hon. Richard E. Sloan, former governor of
Arizona, addressed the student body at the
school auditorium last Saturday evening on
the subject, "Our Government and the Indi-
an." Governor Sloan made the talk very
interesting and instructive by tracing the
relation of the Indian and the white man
from their first contact over four centuries
ago, and showing the causes which led up to
the present policy pursued by the govern-
ment in its dealing with the Indian. The
years of education and industrial training
given to the Indian have been for the pur-
pose of making him self-supporting and pre-
paring him to assume the responsibilities of
citizenship, the speaker emphasized, and he
urged the boys and girls to do their part, to
take advantage of the opportunities afforded
them, and be ready for taking their places
in the affairs of the state and nation when
the time comes.
Y. M. C. A.
By Carl Lowe.
The Y. MCA, as well as the Y. W. C. A.,
of the school has been doing very success-
ful work at the school. And with that they
have formed a temperance society in which
the pupils took great part.
At a union meeting of the Y. M. C. A. and
Y. W. C. A. last Sunday, a membership for
the temperance society was called for and
over forty were willing to put their names
down as members.
Those in charge of the missionary work
at the school were very proud of such a
large membership at one time. And a great
deal of the success in this work is due to the
help of these people.
The following were the officers elected for
the temperance society: president, George
Webb; vice-president, Emma Clark; secretary,
Antonio Martinez; treasurer. Annie J. Eschief.
A great deal of work is expected from
these two societies and with the new officers
they are trying to start out in "a new way."
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72
The Native American
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superimcndent *
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine. Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
T WENT? V-FI Via OE3NTS A YEAR
Miss Lewis of Sacaton has spent the week
with friends at the school and in Phoenix.
George and Charles Martell of Belcourt,
North Dakota, are two new patients at the
sanatorium.
Supt. F. A. Thackery. with Mrs. Thackery,
Mr. Nelson, and Mr. Humbarger, drove over
from Sacaton Monday, returning home Tues-
day afternoon.
Mrs. E W. Hudson and children passed
through Phoenix Tuesday enroute to their
home at Sacaton after an extended stay with
relatives in Oklahoma
S. A. Monroe, brother of Miss Emma Mon-
roe, is recovering rapidly from a recent oper-
ation for appendicitis, and expects to be able
to return soon to his work ui the city .
Six of the East Farm sanatorium girls are
now studying music. Miss Clare E. Carper
is the teacher and goes to the sanatorium
each Monday afternoon to give the girls their
piano lessons.
Supt. W. C. Kohlenberg of Crow Creek,
South Dakota, announces a sale of Indian
lands on March 17. Any information in re-
gard to this sale may be obtained by writing
to Mr. Kohlenberg, or applying in person.
The regular Sunday afternoon service in
the chapel was varied on February first, by
a number of songs by Rev. Claud Jones' young
people's class from the Christian church of
Phoenix. The pastor gave a short but help-
ful sermon to our pupils and we were favored
with a duet by two of the young ladies and
especially by two songs by Mrs. Baker and
son. The young man has a remarkable voice
and our school shall hope to hear him again.
The cooperation of Phoenix churches in our
work at the school is highly appreciated.
Luther S. Steward of Glendale, is filling the-
vacancy in the position of stenographer at
the office, going on duty Tuesday morning.
Mr. Steward was for a number of years in
the forestry service in Colorado, New Mexico
and Arizona.
Mrs. Kate S. Harvey has resigned her posi-
tion as seamstress and left last Saturday
evening for Los Angeles where she expects
to make her home. Mrs. Harvey was not
only an exception in her line of work, but
has make many friends at the school who
sincerely regret her departure.
The boys of the Genoa Indian school print
shop recently published a little paper for their
own benefit and experience, doing all the work
therein without assistance. The ''Printers*
Gazette" proves not only that the boys are
good workmen but that they take a great in-
terest in their trade.
Dr. Bried, Mr. Oliver, Mr. Stacy, Mr. Ander-
son, and Dr. Marden attended the monthly
meeting of the mens' league of the Presbyter-
ian church on Thursday evening of last week.
Judge Ross of the supreme court of Arizona,
made the principal address. Dr. Bried, sang
a solo, Mr. Stacy accompanying on the piano.
Mrs. Florence Elliott, accompanied by her
nephew, arrived Saturday morning from Lac
du Flambeau, Wisconsin, to take the position
of teacher at the East Farm sanatorium.
Mrs. Elliott has had considerable experience
in the Indian Service, but this is her first
experience in the southwest. She took up
her work Monday.
John E. Curran, who for some time has had
charge of the pumps on the Sacaton Indian
reservation, has resigned his position with
the government and will probably go to his
home on the Yuma reservation. Mr. Curran
is a Yuma Indian and has been educated in
the best schools of the east. He is a splen-
did mechanic and an excellent workman.
His family has been in Mesa for several
weeks. Mr. Curran has a ranch on the
Yuma reservation which he expects to im-
prove and lease out, before he again returns
to this section. — Mesa Daili; Tribune.
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Febmarg 7, 1914
73
The Indian school band gave another con-
<»rt yesterday afternoon from the Ford Ho-
tel balcony in Phoenix.
The outing girls are planning a party to
take place in the near future. It will prob-
ably be given at the girls home.
Dr. Breid left Friday morning for Tucson
with Marcelino Santos who will remain at
home for a period of rest and recuperation.
A number of the Indian school band boys
joined the Coyote band Saturday afternoon
at the park during the Phoenix and Glendale
ball game.
Mrs. Eisenhower is in charge of the sew-
ingroom since the departure of Mrs. Harvey,
and Miss Reathie Pfeifer is assistant at the
small boys* home.
The girls gave a very enjoyable party at
their sittingroom Thursday evening, enter-
taining their friends and a generous number
of employees. Refreshments added to the
pleasure of the social evening.
We are glad to call special attention to the
pages in this issue devoted to the successes
and struggles of the Indian students at Hamp-
ton. A good percentage of Phoenix graduates
have continued their education at Hampton
and their records bear witness to the good
influence and training of that institution.
The branch postofSce was established this
week at Vaughn's store at the end of the In-
dian school car line, and money orders, reg-
istered mail, stamps, etc., will be furnished
the people of this community, besides the
delivery of mail twice a day. The new
branch will be a great convenience when in
good working order.
When Miss Lorena Cruce, daughter of the
governor of Oklahoma, christens the United
States battleship Oklahoma next March, the
most truly American warship will be launch-
ed— the Indian of the navy. Miss Cruce, her-
self part Indian, will be surrounded by the re-
presentatives of fifty tribes of the red men of
the forty-sixth state. And if the request of
Oklahoma is complied with, and the vessel
is manned largely by Oklahomans now in
the navy, a strong vein of Indian blood would
be found in the crew's personnel. A majority
of the Indians to be present at the launching
will come from the Five Civilized tribes, but
Miss Cruce insists that all other branches of
aborigines shall have delegates at the launch-
ing. They are expected to appear in native
dress, and the scene will be the most unique
in the navy's history if her plans prevail. —
Kansas Citg Star.
Little Virginia Rhodes had a narrow es-
cape from injury Sunday afternoon. While
visiting friends in the city with her parents,
Mr. and Mrs. Walter Rhodes, the little tot
climbed into the runabout left at the street
entrance and started the horse. A runaway
followed, Virginia was thrown oiit and the
rig passed over her body, but left her practi-
cally unharmed. The buggy and harness,
however, were not so lucky, both being con-
siderably damaged.
Oklahoma Oil Operator Fined Heayily for
Wastinl Natural Gas
Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
has just demonstrated in a practicable man-
ner his determination to put a stop to the
wanton waste of natural gas from Indian
lands, by imposing a penalty of $1,000 on the
Silurian Oil company, which company holds
a lease on the allotment of Waiter Star, a
Creek Indian in Creek county, Oklahoma, for
failure to observe the regulations of the De-
partment. At the same time he indicated
that a much heavier punishment may be
expected by the next lessee found guilty of
the same practice.
Not only have the operators been guilty of
wasting natural gas, but their carelessness
in drilling by not taking necessary precau-
tions when striking water to keep the water
from reaching oil or gas bearing formations
has resulted in untold damage to oil and gas
producing sands. Representatives of the
Bureau of Mines have been available in the
oil and gas fields, and have endeavored to
instruct the operators both by advice and
practical demonstration how to drill with-
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The Native American
out wasting the gas. It has been demon-
strated that wells can be economically drilled
without the waste of any gas and without
permitting water to reach oil and gas forma-
tions by the application of the so-called "Mud
Laden" process of drilling.
The Silurian Oil company was warned by
representatives of the Government that oper-
ations on the Star allotment were not being
conducted in accordance with the regulations,
and were resulting in the waste of an enor-
mous quantity of gas, yet these warnings had
little effect.
The Government may in its discretion
cancel any lease for failure of the lessee to
operate in a workmanlike manner, and pre-
vent the escape of natural gas, as well as to
prevent water from reaching the oil and gas
bearing strata. This was a very flagrant
violation of the regulations, and while the
facts fully justified a cancellation of the
lease it was thought best, this being the
first offense, to subject the company to a pen-
alty, and when assessing the damages in this
case at $1,000 Commissioner Sells indicated
very forcibly that, in the next case of this
character which comes before him, the guilty
parties will invite a cancellation of their lease
and the imposing of a much heavier penalty.
The Commissioner insists that this wanton
waste of natural gas shall cease, and desires
that all operators cooperate with him to
this end. Commissioner Sells says oil lease
regulations are promulgated to be enforced
and it must be understood that this will be
done even though it requires drastic proce-
dure.
1^
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
y^
Sixth Grade A
Carl Kinney is getting to be a good ball play-
er; he throws drops and out curves.
The days are a little warmer in the after-
noons and so I like to go to school better.
The boys are practising hard for Saturday.
They are expecting to win the four mile race.
Jose Juan has now finished plowing and the
farm boys hope to have more grain for stock
feed this year.
Minnie Grant is about the best and quickest
dressmaker of the morning sewingroom girls
and we are proud of her.
Ex-Governor Sloan gave us a very interest-
ing talk last Saturday. He told us how we
came to be called Indians.
Frank Waterson is getting to be a good boss
on the farm. Mr. Hammock is glad of it, be-
cause he is doing good work.
The sewingroom girls are very anxious to
finish our work dresses so that they can start
on the company B girls* dresses next.
We nurses are studying about different kinds
of medicines and how to take care of them.
Also we are learning the different kinds of
measurements.
We farm boys are very busy repairing our
fences. Frank Watterson is now working with
us on the farm. He is doing good work and
getting to be an expert on fence building.
JennieParsons is captain of the baseball team
of the girls which we call Chicago Clippers.
This team is going to play against Annie Es-
chief*s team Saturday for a pretty pennant
made by Eunice L. Davis.
We are all wishing for Saturday to come so
we may see the races which will be run to
East Lake park. After that there will be an-
other relay race between our boys and the
High school boys, then a baseball game be-
tween Glendale High and Phoenix.
Fifth Grade C
We are glad to come to school in the morn-
ing again.
James H. Robinson will give a show again
some time this month.
I received a letter from Emma H. Johnson
saying that she is getting along finely at her
home.
Harry Austin is training up for Saturday's
race. We hope to see him take the lead or
come near the first anyway.
The carpenter boys are making a new porch
on the east side of the kitchen.
We harness shop boys are ready to work again*
Our instructor came out on Monday morning
and we started to work on buggy harness.
We were all very glad to have Mrs. Broadhead
in our Tuesday night religious meeting. She
read us a story that made us very much interest-
ed.
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Febmarg 7, 1914
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We are going to have an examination in his-
tory about Columbus and I think we will have
good papers. I was very interest in studying it.
The high grade pupils are studying about
citizenship and writing about it. It is a good
thing for us to study about citizenship and a
good thing to be a citizen.
We girls organized a baseball team, and we
are planning to play real game Saturday. Capt.
Annie Kschief*s team is called **Arizona Wild
West Cracker Jacks," and Capt. Jennie L#. Par-
son*8 team is called "Chicago Clippers."
Some of the engineer boys sent for a set of
books. There are eight books in a set. I have
a set of them. The sets are worth having for
engineers. I am going to study hard in school
and learn all I can, so I can read my set of
t>ooks.
Mr. Jensen and Mr. Woodall are teaching us
engineer boys how to connect pipes and how
to make thread on pipes. Theodore Johnny
and Morgan Watson are the best ones on en-
gineering. I hope to learn my trade like these
boys pretty soon.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Flandreau, South Dakota
Weekly Review
Mrs. Banks left jesterday for her home at
Wilmar, Minnesotc, where she will spend a few
-days before taking up her duties as nurse at
the Sac and Fox sanitarium at Toledo, Iowa.
Mrs. Banks has been with us for nearly five
jrears, and her faithful services have won her
many friends, all of whom regret to see her
leave us.
A press dispatch from Crookston, Minnesota
-says that after having emptied his rifle and
then fought desperately with his knife, killing
nine wolves, the remainder of the hungry pack
•closed iu on a lone Indian on L#ake of the
Woods, thirty-five miles from Warroad, near
^he Northwest Angle, and his bones were
found Sunday stripped of every vestige of
flesh. The carcasses of the dead wolves
which he had killed were lying within a radius
-of a few rods of the Indian's skeleton. This
is the first fatality reported this winter, but
it will not be the last unless extreme care is
taken. This winter the wolves are all but
starved to death because of the fine weather
.and lack of snow. With deep snow few wolves
can easily overpower a deer floundering in
deep snow while they run along on top of the
crush. This winter they cannot secure a dear
and only an occasional rabbit As a result the
wolves are traveling on the lake in packs, aver-
aging between thirty and forty. Old woods-
men state that there are more wolves this win-
ter than have been seen for years along the
Canadian boundary, and they account for the
increase on the theory that they have come
down from the Canadian wilds.
Melda McLaughlin left for her home at Mc-
Laughlin on Tuesday, in order to be present
at the celebration of the golden wedding anni-
versary of her grand parents. Col. James Mc-
Laughlin and wife, which occurred there on
Wednesday. Colonel McLaughlin is without
doubt the best known man in the Indian Ser-
vice, having been connected with the work for
over forty years, and has a host of friends, all
of whom will extend hearty congratulations on
the occasion, wishing him continued good health
and prosperity.
Truxton Canon, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
Dr. and Mrs. Riggs went to Kingman re-
cently and vaccinated several of the older In-
dians. They reported some very severe cases
of trachoma.
Miss Sinnard entertained the l,arge boys and
girls in the domestic science hall Friday night.
Games were played and refreshments were
served.
Mr. Shell, Mr. Hart, Miss Ford and Mr.
Stuart were Hackberry callers Saturday.
On Sunday Mr. Shell, Mr. Hart, Mrs. Rid-
dley and Miss Sinnard went to Nelson. On
their return they had some difiioulty with the
auto which caused them several hours delay.
On Sunday, after Sunday school, Mr. Stuart
took the farm and laundry detail of boys for
an outing to Cottonwood Falls. The weather
being ideal made the trip a delightful one.
Carl Jim has resigned his position as assist-
ant cook.
Miss Durr, Miss Nessel, and Miss Ford took
the large girls walking Sunday afternoon.
Two young men from Dayton, Ohio, passed
through here recently on their way to San
Francisco. They are walking the entire dis-
tance.
Beleoupt, North Dakota
By Special Correspondent,
A very pleasant social affair was held at the
residence of Supt. Stephen Janus at Belcourt,
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76
The Native American
North Dakota, on Wednesday evening, Jan. 21.
Miss Blanch Choimere, Ernest Choimcre, and
Ernest Charlebois were entertained at six
o'clock dinner in honor of Miss EMna Salt who
intends leaving shortly to attend university
at Grand Forks. After dinner the tables were
cleared and the rooms prepared for dancing,
which was enjoyed by the following guests:
Mr. and Mrs. B. Courtwright, and Mr. and
Mrs. W. Salt, Dr. and Mr. Wagner, Mr. and
Mrs. J. Jones, Mr. and Mrs. A. Owens. Mr,
and Mrs. E. Euno, Mr. and Mrs. T. Klaus
and others. At midnight a delicious repast
was served, after which games and dancing
were indulged in until 2 o*clock, all declaring
that Mr. and Mrs. Janus were royal entertain-
ers.
Dr. C. M. Wagner, who has been in the In-
dian Service at Dunseith, North Dakota, for a
number of years has been transferred to the
agency at Belcourt.
Seneea School, Wyandotte, Oklahoma
By Special Correspondent.
Supt. Ira D. Deaver has been busy the past
month with business on different parts of the
reservation in regard to the Indian land sale
February 24.
The farm boys have the gardens plowed and
begun the past week to plow for the field
crops.
Miss Clara D. Allen, principal teacher, visited
her parents at Seneca last Saturday.
Gardener Milton Cotter attended the agri-
culture meeting at Seneca last Friday.
Chief Clerk B. N. O. Walker is the champion
fisher at Seneca school. L#aat week he left the
office at eleven thirty and returned at twelve
fifteen with a fine string of bass.
Professor Denton of Wyandotte high school
gave an interesting lecture before the pupils
last Thursday evening on "Prison life in
Russia." The children were much interested
in the lecture.
Mr. Scott, the carpenter, measured the school
grounds last week with a view of an electric
light plant being installed here in the future.
Supervisor Brown visited school a few days
ago. We are always glad to have Mr. Brown
with us.
The subject, **Citi2enship," is receiving its
due attention in Miss Allen's room. Pupils be-
low her grade will not compete.
Lewis R. Caire, a former pupil at Albuquer-
que and Haskell, is baker here. The good
bread, pies, and cookies he turns out are hard
to beat. Mr. Caire also has charge of physical
culture classes and the baseball team.
D.W.Gilliland drove to Seneca last Saturday,
taking with him Henrietta Hazman, Eva Fish-
er, Mary Dick, Mamie Young, and Ruth Kar-
iho, large school girls. The girls had their
pictures taken.
Mrs. Spencer and the sewing room girls are
busy on the new uniforms.
Dr. Points, the school physician, visits the
school each day.
// you are not familiar icith LIPPIXCOTTS you are
doing both yourself and the publleh^e an injustice.
LIPPINCOTT'S
MAGAZINE
''The Standard Fiction Hagrazine
of America"
Noiv in its 46th ])ear
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(The first magazine to originate the idea of publishing a
complete novel in each number.)
A YEAR'S SUBSCRIPTION BRINGS YOU
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60 Timely Articles 60 Striking Poems
200 Pages of Humor
LIPPINCOTT'S Is enjoying a big revival of popularity.
Thousands of new readers have been added to its subscrip-
tion list during the past few months, and its circulation is
increasing rapidly.
How to Reduce the Cost
of Good Readiog
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J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY
Washlngrton Square Philadelphia
Founded 1792
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COMMEMORATION ODE TO LINCOLN
Nature, thev saj), doth dote.
And cannot make a man
Save on some worn out plan.
Repeating us bj) rote:
For him her Old-World moulds aside she threw.
And, choosing sweet claj) from the breast
Of the unexhausted West,
With stuff untainted shaped a hero new.
Wise, steadfast in the strength of God, and true.
Great captains, with their guns and drums.
Disturb our judgment for the hour.
But at last silence comes;
These are all gone, and, standing like a tower.
Our children shall behold his fame.
The kindly, earnest, brave, far-seeing man.
Sagacious, patient, dreading praise, not blame.
New birth of our new soil, the first American.
-JAMES BU88ELL LOWELL,
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Philip Billy and John Tyler and their Families. Seminoles, Everglades, of Florida
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFFT'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
iijiiji
Votwne 15
FebruAry 14, 1914
9{umb€r 7
The Seminole Indians.
By Mrs. Frank C. Churchill, in the Granite State Free Press, Lebanon, New Hampshire,
^■■THE Everglades consists of a section of almost unexplored territory in the extreme
llL southern part of Florida, about one hundred and thirty miles long and seventy miles
^■^ wide, and its interior is as great a mystery to the white man as is the heart of
Africa.
It is bounded on the north by Lake Okeechobee, a sheet of water about sixty by forty
miles, which is shallow, averaging about twelve feet; on the east by a strip of land six miles
wide that separates it from the Atlantic Ocean; on the south by the Mangrove swamps on
the Bay of Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, and on the west by the Big Cypress swamps
which extend to the Gulf of Mexico.
The Everglades, instead of being vast swamps, as we had supposed, has pure water
that is constantly moving in one direction or another, and the air is pure and free from
malaria. In the winter the temperature is from seventy to eighty degrees and frost is sel-
dom seen.
Our first glimpse of this strange land was during our stay in Miami, that charming
little southern city which came into existence only twelve years ago when Mr. Flagler's
railroad was rushed down the east coast of Florida to the mouth of the Miami river. It
boasts one of the mammoth hotels for which the state is noted, steamers make regular trips
to Nassau, and if one is disposed to visit Havana, he can make the trip in thirteen hours,
four on Flagler's railroad from Miami to Knight's Key — as far as trains run at this time —
and from thence by steamer, nine hours. In a few months this remarkable railroad will
be completed into the ocean from one key (island) to another on to Key West.
One beautiful afternoon in March we were invited to visit an orange grove, four miles;
from Miami, when we picked oranges, grape fruit, strawberries and kumquats, a pretty
little fruit that is a combination of both lemon and orange. We inhaled the delicious odor
of the orange blossoms until we were surfeited with the sweetness.
In returning we drove to the edge of the Everglades near the head of the Miami river.
A strange scene was before us, as far as we could see the country was level and covered
with a dense growth of saw grass four to ten feet high.
Rising out of this sea of tall grass here and there were small wooded hummocks or
islands. In the saw grass the water is often three feet deep and the ground is never entirely
<iry. The water rises and falls with the wet and dry seasons.
No one attempts to go into the Everglades excepting in canoes which must have flat
bottoms. All the Indian canoes are of the dugout class and made from cypress logs. They
have a wide bow that acts as a sort of plough in spreading the grass as the canoe is poled
through.
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80 The Native American
It should not be understood that the canoes can at all times be kept afloat, as places
are encountered with only a few inches of water; there, too, are places where the coquinea
rock, which underlies a great part of southern Florida, crops out in sharp points. At other
places the mud is deep and boggy.
Even the hammocks are not always dry but many of them are wooded and the soil
fertile and the Indians can raise fair crops. They have pigs and chickens to some extent
but horses and cattle are almost unknown among them at this time.
Prudent white men never venture into the Glades without a competent guide for fear
of getting lost. The saw grass is so tall it is with difBculty one can see over it even when
standing in the canoe.
In the heart of the Everglades there are often found leads of open water for short dis-
tances, then again the saw grass is so dense it is impossible to proceed further and one
must hunt a new opening through this apparently limitless grassy sea.
The reason this saw grass is such a barrier to traveling is the saw like edge with which
Seminole Indian Palmetto Houses. Near Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
it is armed on three sides. It is said if one gets a blade between his hand and the pole it
will cut to the bone. The face suffers much from the grass brushing against it, and how
the Seminoles can work their way through these intricate trails without cutting their bare
legs and feet is a mystery no one has solved. To cut it down leaves short, sharp stubble
«that damages the canoes and makes foot travel next to impossible.
The hammocks in the interior of the Everglades are the homes of the Seminole In-
dians, who were driven into these inaccessible places about the time of the Seven Years'
War, which began in 1835, and they have remained there ever since. They were never con-
quered and they ask no help or favors from the government for they are self-supporting
and only desire to be let alone. They traverse this unknown country and are perfectly
familiar with all the trails and water leads. While they will pilot a lost hunter to the
mainland, they can seldom be induced to guide a white man into its fastnesses.
So great is their dread and suspicion of the white man, if a hunter is seen wearing
brass buttons on his coat they flee from him and secrete themselves until he has moved
on for fear he is a United States soldier.
No one can blame them after reading of the cruel and treacherous way they were
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February 14, 1914. 81
treated before and during the Seminole war when chey were deceived, captured under flags
of truce, hunted like wild beasts and humiliated and abused as only Indian-hating officers^
goaded on by a clamoring and heartless host of border ruffians and slave-hunting whites,
could suggest. The men earn a living hunting alligators and otter skins, selling them to
the traders in Miami, Fort Lauderdale and elsewhere. It is reported that during a recent
year they brought to one place 5,000 alligator hides. They also kill the white herons for
the ornamental feathers which are used as plumes for ladies* hats. The laws of Florida
protect this bird and provide a heavy penalty for even having these plumes in possession,
but the winter tourists are not always respecters of law and they seem willing to buy them
from the Indians; indeed they encourage them to bring them in, but they pay scarcely one-
sixteenth of their real value and we have heard ladies chuckle over the purchase of a
fifteen dollar set of feathers that an Indian had brought sixty-five miles through the saw
Old City Gate. St. Augustine, Florida.
grass of the Everglades to sell for one dollar and a half. The Audobon society has issued
pamphlets begging all persons to refuse to buy the plumes, and setting forth the cruel
methods used in securing them.
It appears that the feathers are only at their best during the nesting season, when the
birds colonize for self-protection; at this time the birds know no* fear, therefore it is much
easier to destroy them, and many are wounded, the feathers torn from their backs while
they are yet alive, as both the male and female birds have the plumes at that time, and
the young are left to starve. How ladies can be induced to encourage the slaughter of
these birds is past my comprehension. How can a lady wear one of these plumes after
knowing these facts? The feeling is very bitter among the educated Floridians in southern
Florida against tourists who persist in wearing them. The ladies' clubs have taken it in
hand and are trying to put a stop to the killing of this rare bird which will soon become
extinct.
The Seminoles of Florida are in some respects the most unique of any Indians we have
ever seen. The men frequently come to the towns to sell or barter their furs and hides,
but the visits of the women are few and far between. The woman has equal rights with
the man; she attends to the home, the cooking, sewing, and raises chickens and pigs. She
has her own money and spends it as she thinks best. The men treat the women well and
Continued on page 87
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82
The Notice American
The Native Amewcan
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Clasn Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY- FIVE OKNTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST
Minuie Harris and Norah Quorah, outing
girls in Phoenix, are at the school hospital
for general treatment.
Mrs. R. A. Perry was one of the judges at
the primary election, held in Phoenix under
its new city charter, on Wednesday.
Miss Fulton, who is filling the position of
clerk at the Yuma Indian school, came to
Phoenix on Saturday to take a civil service
examination. Miss Fulton was at the Pala
agency in California last year.
Word comes from Mrs Kate S. Harvey that
she stopped to visit friends at Parker, Ariz.,
and is now temporarily filling one of the va-
cancies at the Colorado River Indian school.
Mrs. Harvey resigned her position as seam-
stress here and left the first of the month
for the west with the intention of making
her home in Los Angeles.
Sunday, February 22, has been named as
the day of universal prayer by the World's
Student Christian Federation. The students
•of Phoenix Indian School are being inter-
ested in the movement and will observe the
Call to Prayer, to which fully 155,000 stu-
*dents and professors throughout the world
"will respond.
Superintendent Goodman has been enjoy-
ing a visit this week from his brother, W. R
Goodman, of New York City. Mr. Goodman
is en route to Los Angeles, where his wife
has been visiting relatives since December,
and they will return home by the northern
route. This is his third visit to Phoenix, and
he notes a remarkable growth of the city and
improvement of the Salt River Valley during
the past nine years.
The Yuma concert band is a new organ-
ization composed of fourteen instruments,
and is prepared to furnish music for all occa-
sions. Each member of the organization is
Indian and has had musical training at Phoe-
nix Indian School, Sherman Institute, River-
side, Calif, Carlisle, Pa., or Hampton, Va
Superintendent Mann left on the 20th to
take treatment in a sanatorium near St. Paul.
He has been troubled with rheumatism for
some time but was able to get around with-
out much trouble. During the recent cold
snap he got worse and had to leave. At this
writing we are informed that he is much
better and expects to return soon. It is hoped
that his case will yield to treatment and that
he will return soon. — Peace Pipe,
Mr. Raymond R Parret was tendered a
public reception in the Industrial Hall on
Monday evening by the boys of Alessandro
Lodge. For two and a half years Mr. Parret
has been the fount of good counsel and the
stern administrator of the punitive laws of
the school for all the boys. Mr. Parret came
to Sherman from Ft. Hall, Idaho. His resig-
nation is deeply regretted by all of our em-
ployees. He is succeeded as disciplinarian
by Mr. H. L. Garner, promoted from band-
master and assistant disciplinarian. — Sher-
man Bulletin,
Mr. and Mrs. Everett W. Lawrence arrived
Tuesday noon from Washington, D. C, Mr.
Lawrence having been appointed as printer
at this school He was transferred from the
position of linotype operator in the office of
the Public Pnnter, and on Wednesday morn-
ing began his work of lending aid and inspi-
ration to the Native American which wel-
comes his arrival. The mechanical work on
the paper has been handled in a very credit-
able manner for the past six months by Wal-
ter Rhodes, the assistant printer, a Pima In-
dian educated at Chilocco, and, with the su-
pervision of a man of riper experience in all
lines of newspaper and magazine work, our
weekly should grow and improve with every
issue.
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February 14, 19 J4
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Compliments for Nati?e Craftsmen
Miss Grace Spalding, a former Indian Serv-
ice employee, now living at Danielson, Conn.,
writes the Native American; "The paper im-
proves year by year. Some of the covers are
so attractive, and the subject matter is verv
helpful, even to one who is miles away and
simply desires the best for the Indian. I do
enjoy the news letters from other stations
and schools. Nearly every week I find names
of those whom I indirectly know, and it
makes me feel as though I were a part of it
all again, although settled here in (Connecti-
cut."
It might be interesting for our appreciative
correspondent, as weU as other subscribers
and readers, to know that the cover designs
she particularly mentions, are the handiwork
of the Indian print shop boys. As each stu-
<lent apprentice advances far enough in his
trade, he takes his turn working out a cover
<lesign, and naturally follows the figures pe-
culiar to his own tribe. The February cover
is the product of Luke Anton, Pima. — EorroR
m
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
m
Steel has arrived for the construction of
the new steel water tanks and towers, one to
be erected at the school and one at the sana-
torium.
Powhatan Literary Society
Carl Lowe, Secretary.
The literary society held its meeting Fri-
day evening of last week in the chapel and
was attended by the members of the society
and a number of employees and visitors.
The house was called to order by the presi-
dent, and a song by the society followed.
The minutes of the last meeting were read
by the secretary and approved.
The program for the evening was as fol-
lows:
"Patriotism" Bessie Siow
"Onr Country" Eliza Johnson
"Patriotic Son^" Antonio Martinez
Recitation Clara Benson
Xylophone Solo (Patriotic Airs) Eschiet Clark
Kedtation Martha Hiuthes
After a song by the society, the meeting
was adjourned
Fifth Grade A.
We are now studying about counties and
have found out that in Arizona there are four-
teen counties.
The boys are about to start the base ball
and we hope to see some good games played,
and that Charles Cough will get in the pitch-
er's box when the boys start the base ball
games.
Harry Austin is training up for a fifteen-mile
run, which will come off some sometime in
March.
Daniel Cleveland, one of the Mohave boys, is
getting to be an expert blacksmith. He makes
rings and does all kinds of iron work. He says
he*s going to make a set of wrenches.
Saturday was the rcce sports, and we were
glad to see several of the school boys take
part in them.
The grounds detail finished digging holes
yesterday. Mr. Wade says that he hopes to
get some rose plants some time next week so
they can plant them and make the campus
look pretty.
We fifth grade A pupils are going to have a
spelling test on the last of this week.
Thomas Ely is now practicing hard so that
he will be in good shape when the Boston
Red Sox will play the New York Giants.
The masons are busy plastering the old
office and expect to finish soon, if they keep
us in plenty of sand and lime.
The sewing girls are trying to get all the
compay A girls* dresses out and commence on
the other companies.
All the pupils are now studying about citi-
zenship. We hope to see some of the pupils
gel something for it.
I like to study about citizenship because it
is the most interesting thing for us to learn
while we are in school..
We fifth A pupils are very glad to have Roy
Peters in our class. He is doing fine in his
studies and hope he'll keep it up.
Sienna P. James said she is going to try
hard in citizenship lessons, because she is
anxious to win the first prize and we all hope
she will succeed.
The fifth grade A pupils are now studying
about Italy. We enjoy studying about differ-
ent countries.
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The Native American
The fifth'A class is just about throug-h with
history and I hope we will finish before
the end of the week. Our review lesson comes
next.
A letter was received from Harry Manuel
stating that he is very well, but often wishes
to be back in the school. He wishes to be re-
membered by his classmates and friends.
We are studying about laws of the United
States and we are getting interested in it. It
will help us very much when we go out and
live by ourselves on our reservations.
A letter was received from Pedro Nortez of
Banning, California, a former student of this
school, telling his friends that he is working
DOW and saving his money for the World's
Fair at San Francisco in 1915.
Sixth Grade B.
We are studying about Japan and Korea and
we are much interested.
Frank Whitman, the famous war dancer, and
Charles Wilson will dance for the James and
Edgar Robinson entertainment.
The girls now have the pleasure of staying
out of doors after supper and we enjoy it very
much for it helps us to take a little exercise.
We sixth grade B pupils are now studying
about the Japanese, and are very interested in
the lessons. We have learned that they are
the most industrious people in the world.
Next week the teacher says she going to
give us all a chance to ask questions upon
citizenship and all other things we are weak
on.
We are nearly through plowing the fields and
hope to raise good crops this year. We are
going to plant the seeds with the new drill we
received some time ago.
Mr. Grinstead is drilling the rifle company
every evening for next Saturday's contest.
He hopes the company will be in good shape
by that time.
The old tank is to be rebuilt soon and the
carpenter boys are working on it now. The
farmers are busy hauling loads of gravel to be
used for the foundation of the tank.
Harry Austin expects to keep on training
for the next long distance race. He broke
the record of Charley Reynolds last Saturday
from the school to East Lake Park.
The choir is practicing hard on a Pima song
and an Apache song which we are to sing down
town February 17, in the afternoon. And we
have promised to do our best down there.
The painters are still painting the roofs, and
are to begin on the school house roof sometime
next week.
We are studying very hard on citizenship
now because the time is coming near when
we will have to write our compositions.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Salt River, Arizona
Arizorw Gazette.
Professor and Mrs. Linderman, Miss Jennie
Gabus and Superintendent of Irrigation B. A.
Sharp were recent visitors at McDowell where
the monthly teachers' meeting was held.
Rev. George Logie and family of Phoenix
spent several days here as the guests of Dr.
and Mrs. Ellis.
Harry Smith is doing a good job of grading-
west of the agency, which gives us a good auto
road to the reservation line.
The reservation authorities are just com-
pleting three miles of telephone line which will
enable the agency to connect with the Phoenix
office.
Miss Dora Jean Ellis of Phoenix spent the
week end at home with her parents.
Dr. and Mrs. Ellis attended the performance
of **The Merry Milkmaids/* an operetta given
by the Roosevelt school. It was held in the
Neighborhood house and for amateurs was
splendidly given.
Y. A. Vanderhoof of Scottsdale conducted
the services recently at the Presbyterian
church of this village.
Toledo, Iowa
MesQuakie Booster.
The Indians on this reservation during the
season of 1913 raised approximately 14,000
bushels of corn, valued at $7,700, or about $21
for each man, woman and child on the reser-
vation. About 6,000 bushels remain in the
cribs of the Indians.
The resignation of Mr. Vogler, engineer,
has been accepted by the office to take effect
Feb. 1. Mr. Vogler returns to California.
Mrs. Sarah J.Banks, who is to be head nurse
at the sanatorium, reported for duty the twenty-
second instant. Mrs. Banks comes from the
Indian school at Flandreau, S. Dak.
Dr. Shoemaker of the field force spent Christ-
mas at the sanatorium accompanied by Mrs.
Shoemaker and his daughter, Doris, and the
Government photographer, Mr. Singleton.
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February 14, 1914 85
LINCOLN AT GETTYSBURG, NOYENBER 19, 1863
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought for-
ward on this continent a new nation conceived in liberty and
dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now, we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether
that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can
long endure. We are met on a great battlefield ot that war.
We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final rest-
ing place for those who gave their lives that the nation might
live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do
this.
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate— we cannot
consecrate — we cannot hallow this grounds The brave men,
living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it far
above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little
note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never
forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather, to
be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who
fought here so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be dedi-
cated to the great task remaining for us— that from these hon-
ored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which
they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here
highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain;
that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom,
and that government of the people, government by the people,
and government for the people shall notperish from the earth.
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CLUB STANDING
Teami Won Lost Pep.
PhUadeiphlk Athletics 1 0 1000
New York Giants 1 0 1000
Boston Red Soxs 0 1 000
Chicago White Soxs .10 1 000
NEXT WEEK'S GAMES
White Sox vs. Giants, February 16.
Athletic8>s. Red Sox, February 18.
Philadelphia AthletlesI
Emmett Idocosay Second base
Manuel Pulle Right field
Robert Burke I>ft field
Isaac Porter Center field
Juan Harvier First base
Liemuel Yukuku (Captain) Third base
Isaac Anton Catcher
Oscar Earl Short stop
George Burke Pitcher
Chleaffo White Sox
Frank Butler Pitcher
Juan Vavages (Captain) Second base
Ross Shaw Catcher
Richard Tehuma I^eft field
Ramon Garcia Center field
Abraham Nelson Third base
Solomon I^eupp Short stop
Jess Clifton First base
Thomas Jefferson Right field
Boston Red Sox
Walter Keys Second base
Thomas Ely Third base
George Paul Right field
Johnson McAfee First base
James Moses Catcher
Charles Reynolds (Captain) Short stop
Calvin Atchavit L,eft field
Amablo Arres Center field
Fred Quail Pitcher
New Topk Giants
Harry Austin (Captain) Short stop
I^uke Anton Center field
Silas Tenijieth Second base
Morris Alexander Catcher
Sam Russell Third base
Edward Flores Right field
Frank Whitman First base
Theodore Johnny Pitcher
Joseph Burke L,eft field
THIS WEEK'S GAMES
By Johnson McAfee.
Baseball season opened when Captain Vava-
ges and Captain Yukuku, respectively repre-
senting Chicago White Sox and Pliiiadelphia
Athletics, crossed bats Tuesday afternoon on
the ball field.
Both teams were evenly matched (as the
score will show) and the players did some good
fielding and batting, which kept the spectators-
guessing which would win.
In the sixth inning the Athletics got down
to business and scalped their opponents by a
score of 4 to 3.
On the following day the Boston Red Sox
and the New York Giants were seen on the
field. The game was good for the Giants but
for the Red Sox it was bad. The infielders-
showed lack of practise and Manager Anton
easily got their goats by a score of — oh, well,
ask the captains, as we need the room on this
page.
Both captains of the winning teams are sat-
isfied with the showing of their players and
will put forth all their effort to capture the
championship.
Come, students, let*s be loyal and keep up-
our good work. L<et us show more school
spirit than ever. We need the support of all.
Come join the crowd; you can play just as hard
on the grandstand as the players themselves.
Cross-City Ron
An event in school athletics which caused
unusual interest occurred last Saturday after-
noon when the cross-city run took place.
At the firing of a shot by Superintendent
Goodman, seventeen Indian runners started
from the school going south on Central ave-
nue to Washington street, east to fifteenth
street, south on Jefferson to Eastlake park.
The joint band of Indian and High school boys
greeted the runners as they reached the city
and checked in at Hanny's store, and cheered
them on their last stretch. The five miles
was covered in 31 minutes, 31 and two-thirds
seconds, and Dennis Quimayousie, Hopi, made
the record and won the sweater put up by
Vic Hanny as a race trophy. The remaining
eight who finished the race came in the fol-
lowing order: Don Atakuku, Hopi; Walter Nat-
achaan, Zuni; Herman Ashee, Hopi; Hurst
Choractae, Hopi; Johnny Brown, Pima; Pat-
acio Mahkee, Zuni.
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Februatv 14, 1914
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consult them on all matters of importance.
The men cultivate the fields and build the
houses, although their domiciles are primitive
and their farming nothing but little patches.
The men*s dress consists of a one-piece
tunic with full waist and sleeves and a skirt
made full extending nearly to the knees,
which is gathered into a broad belt at the
waist. This dress is made of unbleached cot-
ton and bands of yellow, red, black and blue
are neatly sewed on to the skirt and waist.
The legs and feet are bare. A large turban
is often coiled around the head, although the
white man*s hat is worn considerably nowa-
days.
every year until she is grown, then the
strings of beads are added in such quantities
they fill the neck even to the chin and hang
half way to the waist. We were told from
eighteen to twenty- four pounds of beads were
worn at one time, until she begins to grow
old, when the strings are gradually discarded
and the old women wear only one string, the
same as the baby. Many of the longer strings
of beads have silver discs hammered from
coin attached.
The hair is very neatly coiled on the top
of the head, a deep bang across the forehead,
a band of bead work between the coil and
The hair is well greased with alligator
Falls in Drainage Canal. Everglades, Florida.
Their clothes always looked clean and neat
and upon arriving in Miami they will fre-
quently retire to the store room of a trader,
and put on a clean tunic before showing
themselves on the street. The women's
and girls' dresses of calico touch the ground,
the skirt ornamented with bands and ruffles
of bright colors, though white flounces seem
to be in favor. The waist is Very short and
loose, leaving a space of four or five inches
of bare skin between it and the dress skirt.
Sometimes a shoulder cape is worn that falls
to the waist.
When a baby is born a string of beads is
placed around its neck and a string added
oil and is very black and glossy. The women
go barefooted.
The Seminoles are a moral people, and there
are scarcely any mixed bloods among them.
We visited one of their camps near Fort
Lauderdale. Their houses are built by set-
ting four tall posts into the ground, on which
the roof rests. The roof is neatly covered
with palmetto leaves, and three feet from
the ground is a platfornr open on all sides.
Curtains of canvas and cloth sometimes are
fastened at the sides that may be dropped
to keep out the wind and rain. These houses
are very picturesque and unlike anything we
had ever seen.
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Later we saw the women cooking supper
over a fire out doors. In one kettle was
terrapin stew— the shells of three turtles were
on the ground near by. In another, grits —
fine hominy — and in another some fresh
beans, and a pot of coffee completed the
list. A long handled wood sofky spoon was
used to stir the food and keep it from burn-
ing and the one spoon is used in common
when the meal is ready.
There is a plant that grows abundantly in
Florida, called koonti, which resembles arrow
root, and from this the Indians make bread
Old Fort Marion, St. Augustine. Florida, where the
Seminoles Were Imprisoned.
that is said tolbe very nourishing and of
good flavor. The root is first grated, and
the process of preparing it for food is very
similar to that of manufacturing starch. We
saw the primitive implements used in pre-
paring the koonti, which were only a coarse
grater made of a piece of tin, a wooden
trough and a strainer of cotton cloth about
three feet square, suspended at the comers
on four small poles driven in the ground.
On a bush near by was a newly washed, gaily
colored man's tunic already described, which
we were so fortunate as to purchase.
SQUARING HIMSELF.
Jones — The Browns have bought a car!
Wife — Can't you say something cheerful
once in a while?
Jones — The bnmmest machine I ever saw and
second-hand at that!
// you are not familiar with. LIPPINCOTTS you are
doing both yourself and the publishers an injustice.
LIPPINCOTT'S
MAGAZINE
''The Standard Fiction Magazine
of America"
Now in its 46th j^ear
25 Cents a Copy $3.00 a Year
(The first magazine to originate the idea of pablishlng a
complete novel in each number.)
A YEAR'S SUBSCRIPTION BRINGS YOU
12 Great Complete Novels 76 Short Stories
60 Timely Articles 60 Striking Poems
200 Pages of Humor
LIPPINCOTT'S is enjoying a big revival of popularity.
Thousands of new readers have been added to its subscrip-
tion list during the past few months, and its circulation is
increasing rapidly.
How to Reduce the Cost
of Good Reading
Send Todaj^ for
Lippincott*s
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bargains'
New Edition Just Published for the Season
1913-1914
SENT FREE UPON REQUEST
J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY
Wasnlnerton Square Philadelphia
Founded 1792
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Hon. E. B. Meritt.
Assistant Commissioner of Indian Affairs
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"XOT FOR SCHOOL. BUT FOR LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoltd to Jndian Education
Volume tS February 21, 1914 ^ambtr 8
The Old Indian and the New.
Frederic Snyder, Assistant Superintendent, Santa Fe. N. M. in The Assembly Herald.
JF anyone thinks that the old Indian has passed into history, and that the Indians of
the United States now living belong to the class called the new Indian, due to years
of education and Christianization, he should visit the Indian pueblo of Santo Do-
mingo in the state of New Mexico, to have his opinion somewhat changed.
The Pueblo Indians of this state have often been designated the civilized Indians of the
country, probably because of the fact that they have from time immemorial lived in small
villages, have followed a crude mode of agriculture for an existence, have adopted a form
of government partly suggested to them by the early Spanish colonists, and from the fur-
ther fact that they were considered citizens of Mexico when this state was Mexican territory.
The pueblo of Santo Domingo is situated on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe railroad
about thirty miles east of Albuquerque. There are about one thousand Indians in the pueblo
They have their cultivated fieldsj along the Rio Grande, consisting of possibly eight hundred
to one thousand acres. Besides the land they actually cultivate, they have thousands of
acres which could be irrigated and made very valuable, and still thousands of acres of
pasture lands, on part of which they herd their flocks of goats and ponies.
These Indians could be rich and independent if they would give up theu* old customs
and ceremonies and adopt modern ideas of civilization. Their present form of government
is paternal, the cacique, the governor, and principals having almost complete rule over the
people. What these may say is law among them, and the unfortunate part of this is the
fact that these men are of the old school and resent anything that looks like progress.
They will receive no modern agricultural implements, although the government has offered
to help them in this respect They resent being told how they could improve their lands
and increase their crops. They wish to be left alone, and have told the Indian agents and
superintendents that their fathers tilled the soil and harvested their crops in a certain way»
and that way is good enough for them. Their ceremonies and customs do much to keep
these people in these primitive ways. They have their religious dances, at some of which
no white people are permitted to be present Certain days are appointed on which all
must plant their corn, and certain days for them to do other kinds of work, there being
little opportunity for individuality. For years they have opposed the idea of having the
government establish a day school at their pueblo, and recently, when the government had
decided to erect buildings, the Indians in council declared that they would not allow any
materials to be brought to the school site. They relented, however, when the contractors
began the building, but sent a delegation to Washington to see if they could not prevail
upon the Secretary of the Interior and the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to prevent the
building of a school plant.
By some arrangement made years ago, the Santo Domingo Indians have been sending
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The Native American
some of their children to the Santa Fe Indian training school When the pupils return to their
homes they are compelled to return to their old customs, the girls being requn^ to ^ve up
their school dresses and don their native style of dress.
It must not be supposed that, among these younger boys and girk who have been off to
school, there are none who have been impressed with the education received at the schools
and who would gladly make use of their training if they were allowed to do so, but the sentiment
in the pueblo among the older ones, who constitute a great majority, is so strong that the
younger ones must quietly submit to old ways under pain of severe and cruel punishment.
Tlierefore, to all appearances, the people of this pueblo are very unprogressive and primitive.
But there are signs of the new Indian, even among the Santo Domingoes. Last sum>
mer, when a number of the Santa Fe school boys were ready to start for Colorado to work
in the beet fields near Rocky Ford, there was one Santo Domingo boy who was determined
to go, although he had been told by the pueblo authorities that he could not go. The boy
had a widowed mother and he realized that she needed assistance and he had the cour-
age to insist on going in order to earn some money to help his family. He went to see
the governor of the pueblo, who insisted that the boy could not go, to which he replied
"You want me to come home to dance in the ceremonies and stay about thepueUo all sum-
mer. My mother has little land and no ax)p, and I can do more to help her by going out
to earn some money to buy flour for her when I return. If I don't go, who will buy flour
for her, and other things that she needs? I will go because that is my duty, and you have
no right to keep me here." The boy was permitted to go, though with great rductance
on the part of the governor.
Just how far this young man may be able to withstand the pressure of dd customs
and traditi(ms when he returns to the pi^Uo, we cannot tell, but of this we may be sure,,
that a new day is beginning to dawn m the history of the Santo Domingo pueblo, and that
while the old Indian is predominant now, there are signs that the new Indian will, in due
course of time, take the place of the old, and then we may look forward to progress in
Christianity and in material prosperity among these people.
Indian Citizenship Day at Hampton
The twenty-seventh celebration of Indian
citizenship day was held at Hampton Insti-
tute on Sunday evening, February 8.
Arthur C. PaAer, a Seneca Indian, who is
an archaeologist in the New York state edu-
cation department and secretary-treasurer of
the Society of American Indians, was the
speaker of the day. Mr. Parker spoke to the
Hampton school, including 36 Indians, on the
''Relation of Surplus to Race Progress.** He
urged the Hampton Indians, who are now
working their way through school independ-
ent of all Government support, to lay up for
themselves stores of knowledge so that they
will be well prepared to help their people on
the reservations and in the Indian country.
The Indian citizenship day program in-
cluded devotional exercises, lead by Dr.
Eldridge Mix of Hampton Institute; addresses
by Hampton Institute Indian students —
Arthur Harris, a Mohave-Apache, Camp
McDowell, Ariz.; Fred Bender, a Chippewa,
Roosevelt, Minn.; chorus singing; clarinet solo,
David B. Green, an Onondaga, Syracuse, N. Y.;
a duet, "The Coming of Montezuma** (Zuni)
by Caroline L. Murie, a Pawnee, of Pawnee,
Oklahoma, and Grace L Jamiscm, Cayuga,
Iroquois, N. Y.; singing of "America.**
Supt A. H. Symons, who was for several
years at Havasupai ag^icy, Supai, Arizona,
has been transferred to Western Shoshone
agency, Owyhee, Nevada. Dr. J. J. Taylor,
Mr. Symons* successor, writes that he finds
Supai a delightful place in many respects,
but that it is rather lonely for Mrs. Taylor,
as she is the only white woman within fifty
miles.
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Februarg 21. 19 J4
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Sketeh of Hoo. E. B. Neritt
ABsUtant Commi9$ioner of Indian AJTairs.
E. B. Meritc, Assistant Commissioner of
Indian Affairs, whose portrait appears in
this issue, of the Native American, is a strik-
ing example of what ambition, energy and
a loyalty to the right can do in making a
career.
Mr. Meritt was for years a compositor in
the Government Printing Office in Washing-
ton. He studied law at oight and was ap-
pointed to a temporary clerkship in the In-
dian office. His next position was law clerk,
where he rendered valuable assistance in
protecting the interests of the Indians, and
his appointment as assistant commissioner
was a fitting recognition of his worth.
Indita Laad To Be Leased
Superintendent 0. L. Babcock of the Colo-
rado River Indian reservation received word
the past week that the schedule of allotments
made to the local Indians a few months ago
was approved by Secretary of the Interior
Franklin K. Lane on December 16, says the
Parker Post Practically 5,000 acres have
been alloted to the Parker Indians, and a
good pumping plant and ditches have been
constructed for the irrigation of this land.
It is estimated that the Indians will lease
about two-thirds of the total allotment, which
means that approximately 3,000 acres will
be farmed by whites. Advantaf^eous terms
<;an be secured for the leasing of these lands.
It is necessary that the Indian's consent
be first obtained, however, and then all leases
must be made through the office of Super-
intendent Babcock. All of the lands to be
leased must be cleared and leveled by the
lessees, but an allowance of $30 per acre on
the total cost of the lease will be allowed for
this work.
All leases are run for a period of five years,
and besides an allowance of $30 for clear-
ing and leveling the laud, an additional al-
lowance will be made for fencing and other
improvements. — Arizona JKagizine.
A Washington-Lincolin program will be
given this evening at the audiiorium.
Dr. St. Clair Reilly, physician 'at Ft. Mo-
have, Arizona, has been transferred to Brown-
ing Montana, and left recently for his new
post.
Some of the Phoenix Indian school tennis-
players are hoping for favorable weather the
next few days that they may journey to Saca-
ton and win the honors from the reservation
folks.
Major Grinstead made a business trip to
Mesa the first of the week.
John Dodson, who has been assistant car-
penter at this school for the past five years,
has received transfer and promotion to Ft.
Apache school, Whiteriver, Arizona, and
leaves shortly to take his new place. Phoe-
nix loses a splendid employee and a capa-
ble workman, but is glad to have him go
forward in his trade. John is a Shoshone,
and a graduate of Phoenix and Hampton.
WASHINGTON AND LINCOLN
The following is the program for the Wash-
ington and Lincoln exercises which are to be
held in the auditorium Monday evening.
Program
Music ... Orchestra
Song — ^America - - School
Recitation — Washington's Birthday, Gee Gage
Recitation — ^Lmcoln*s Birthday Minnie Grant
Music — ^The Flag of the Free - Chorus
Recitation — Washington and Lincoln
Johnson McAfee
Pantomime - - Mrs. McLaughlin's Class
Washington's Address to His Troops
Edward Flores
Music - - . - Orchestra
Recitation — When Lincoln Died
Daniel Cleveland
Reading — Washington's Rules of Behavior
Annie T. Moore
Music — The Soldiers Chorus - - Choir
Gettysburg Address - - George Paul
Music Orchestra
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The Native American
Mouth Hygiese
Germ life is always present and is every-
where. Every square foot of ground and
every cubic foot of air contain millions of
these micro-organisms. And without them
we could not live. Germ life is quite harm-
less unless it has a food upon which to grow,
develop and thrive. A million germs on a
clean glass slab are harmless, but smear the
slab over with particles of moistened fish,
meat, cream, potatoes, eta, and leave it in a
warm room for seventy-four hours, and you
have a culture bed that can breed disease.
If the sanitary laws are enforced, and no
rubbish allowed to accumulate, the garbage
properly looked after, stagnant water elimi-
nated by drainage, the streets flushed and
kept clean, in fact, all material that may be
decomposed by bacteria swept awav by sew-
ers, the germ Hfe in our cities will be inert.
And what is true of cities is true of the
individual, and this thought brings us to our
subject, the necessity for clean mouths. The
mouth is an ideal incubator for germ life.
For here are, first, just the proper temperature;
second, suflBcient degree of moisture; third,
darkness; fourth, a choice of food.
A great deal is bein,4 done to keep the
people well, but only recently the importance
•of a clean mouth has been recognized in the
prevention of disease and the upbuilding of
health. The necessity for the care of the
mouth cavity is greater than is generally sup-
posed. We are taught that we should aim
to keep the teeth clean, because so much de-
pends on having good teeth but it more im-
portant to keep the mouth clean, as it is im-
possible to get good results unless all parts
of it are considered.
As a rule, most of us wash our bodies once
a day, and our faces and hands several times,
but our mouths, the most important of all,
are cleaned only once or twice a year — that
is, the mouths of those who cannot afford to
have dentists do it. Now the finger nails are
not nearly so important as the teeth, but
they are given a hundred times more care
and, if we were told we were going to lose
them, we would all be professionals in that
art, and any of us would be willing to spend
one half hour a day polishing and rubbing
them if they should need it And the hain
who would not be willing to spend several
hours a week brushing and combing the hair
if it was understood that neglect meant losing
it? The question of the relation of the teeth
to the rest of body is oae that is constantly
occupying more and more of attention of the
best men in medicine as well as in dentistry.
There can be be no doubt in the mind of
of any thinking person that to have a mouth
full of teeth that are merely hotels where are
harbored guests, both transient and perman-
ent, of the germ family is bound to mean dis-
ease of the body sooner or later. These
guests wend their way onward to the throat,
lungs, stomach or wherever their fancy calls
them. Then these germs find their way into
the lymph glands, and from here they can
easily find a highroad into any part of the
body that they choose to explore. These
guests are known as transient guests. Now
the permanent guests, not being fond of trav-
el, stay where they are and make things
very lively and attractive for their brethren of
the restless feet and adventurous spirit, their
way of doing this being to cause as much
trouble <md devastation in the teeth as they
possibly can. Then following this are many
contagiouj and serious diseases caused by
these germs.
Sound teeth have a great infhience in
making sound health, strength, and better
mentality. Statistics, investigations, experi-
ments and observations show that sound,
clean teeth and proper artificial substitutes
preserve health and ward off disease. Sound,
healthy workers are brighter, quicker, strong-
er, steadier, surer, more trustworthy than un-
healthy, workers. In other words, they are
not clinkers, but utilized energy, force and
power. Sound health forestalls unemploy-
ment.
It is stated that 21 percent of the recruits
for the British army have practically useless
teeth! Six to eight per cent of the recruits
for enlistment in the United States army are
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February 21, 1914
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refused enlistment in one year because of
defective teeth alone! Thirty-five per cent
of the catarrhal cases in the United States
army were directly traceable to diseased oral
conditions. These facts inust be considered
in relation to the further facts that those men
were the pick of the physically fit. Thus it
may be seen that the care of the teeth is a
very important matter to all, and should not
be neglected in the least by any one. — Pearl
Shoemaker {age 14) in Oral Hggiene,
Students Sing in City
The Arizona Republican contains in a
write-up of the program of Arizona music
given by the Woman s Club Tuesday after-
noon the following complimentary notice:
Possibly no musicale ever boasted a more
distinctively unique opening than the group
of songs sung by twenty-five students of the
Indian school. The Hopi **Slumber Song,"
the "Pima Medicine Man's Song," and the
^* Apache Dance Song" were given by a well
trained chorus and reflected credit on the
director, Jean K. Stacy of the music depart-
ment of the Indian school. The tribal melo-
dies are invaluable in their correctness, for
the boys from the diflferent reservations have
voluntarily given their own music to the
director who has compiled them carefully,
making an interesting collection of songs.
The number was repeated by request and
for an encore 'The Wandering Student" was
given.
Illustrated Lecture on Canal
On Friday evening of last week • ccurred
the fourth of the series of lectures given
this year by prominent citizens of Phoenix,
and the Indian school is indebted to Dwight
B. Heard for a most interesting and instruc-
tive eveninji. This was the first illustrated
lecture of the season, and the colored stere-
opticon views, made mostly from pictures
taken by Mr. Heard and members of his
family while in Panama a year ago, were
a great treat, and enabled the audience to
gain a clearer idea of our big "ditch."
Mr. Heard's remarks included history,
geography, and incidents of travel, and sta-
tistics of this remarkable work, and was alto-
gether a talk to be remembered.
Death of Well Known loditn
Word has been received at the Phoenix
school of the death last week of Juan Thomp-
son at Sacaton. He was one of the leading
men among the Pima, and was formerly a
chief. He was about 80 years old and had
lived at Santan most of his life. He was
familiarly known as Tempe Juan, as he had
many friends among the white people of the
Salt River valley.
Juan Thompson was a member of the
First Presbyterian Pima church. His chil-
dren were educated at Tucson Training
school, but Luke Thompson, with whom Juan
made his home for the past ten years, is the
only one now living. By the death of Tempe
Juan, another well known Pima passes away,
and a familiar landmark on the reservation
is gone.
InToke Indian Treaty
Terms of a treaty between the Govern-
ment and the Sequamish Indians in the
early '50*s and signed on their behalf by
Chief Seattle, for whom the city of Seattle
was name'l. formed the basis of the defense
recently of two Indians on the Port Madison
reservation, who were arrested for shooting
canvasback and mallard ducks in violation
of the State game laws. The Indians were
fined $10 each when the case was heard in
court, but an assistant United States district,
attorney, who was instructed by Attorney^
General McReynolds to defend the govern-
ment's wards, gave notice that he would
appeal the case and endeavor to have the
treaty rights of the Indians upheld.
The Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. met jointly
on Sunday evening at the auditorium and
held a very interesting session, the subject
being "Temperance." After a song by the
members. Rev. Mr. Logic led in prayer.
"Why I Hate the Traffic." by Nellie McArthur
and "The Testimony of Dr. Grenfell." by
George Webb, were two well selected readings.
Talks by Miss Phelps, Mrs. Gill and Dr.
Marden completed the program.
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7%« Native American
The Native Amekican
Catered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVB3 OBP^TS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST
Miss Orrington Jewett. outing matron at
Sherman Institute, was the guest of Dr. and
Mrs. Marden on Wednesday.
Mrs. Oliver is entertaining her aunt, Mrs.
Abbie Fales of Lawrence, Kansas. Mrs.
Pales arrived Tuesday evening.
William Peters, who graduated here in
1902 and is now attending the Cook Bible
school, gave a splendid talk at Sunday school
last Sunday.
Hugh PattoQ, the merchant from Santan,
was in Phoenix this week with his new five
passenger car. He is the first Pima to have
an automobile.
D. R Landis, agency farmer at Fort Mo-
have, Arizona, has been transferred to the
Goeur d*Alene reservation, Washington, in
the same position.
Mrs. J. V. Plake and son stopped at the
school Saturday on their way back to the
Pima reservation, after a visit with relatives
at Parker, Arizona.
Howard Collins, one of the baker boys,
brought a sample of his Saturday cake -mak-
ing to the main office force last week, and it
was unanimously voted first class.
Miss Flora W. Smith, who left Phoenix a
year ago for Dulce, New Mexico, to take the
position of financial clerk, has received
transfer and promotion to the Indian Office
at Washington.
Mr. and Mrs. Shafer of McDowell were
visitors at the school over Sunday. Mrs.
Shafer has recently returned from White-
rocks, Utah, having resigned her position
there. She much prefers the climate of the
southwest.
Mr. and Mrs. F. H. Moore of Sacaton,
spent the week-end at Phoenix.
Mrs. Minnie H. Posey, accompanied by her
daughter, has arrived in Phoenix to take the
position of assistant matron at the girls* home*
Mrs. Posey*s last appointment in the Indian
Service was at Carlisle, from which place
she resigned last summer.
Mr. Plake of Colorado River Indian school
at Parker, Arizona, was in Phoenix last
week, having come down to bring a span of
horses for delivery at the Pima Indian agency
at Sacaton. His brother, J. V. Plake, the
farmer at Santan, met him in Phoenix.
The many friends of Mr. Snyder, now as-
sistant superintendent at Santa Fe school
but for a number of years at Pho^iix, gave
him a hearty welcome Wednesday. He made
only a short stay, returning home by the
southern route with a stopover at San Xavier
school, near Tucson.
Dr. Jennie Farrell of Cheyenne and Arap-
aho agency at Darlington, Oklahoma, ar-
rived at the school Saturday with three
patients for the sanatorium^ Pauline Bi^
Horse and Frank and Isaac Geary. She
spent several days visiting the school, sana-
torium and the city.
Frank P. Lee, at one time expert farmer
here but now of Wapato, Wash., was calling
on old friends at the school early this week.
Mr. Lee is on his annual vacation and ia
visiting his son H. J. Lee, of Phoenix. He is
much pleased with the Yakima valley which
he says has a fine climate and a productive
soil.
The Indian School was represented at the
Maricopa county teachers' meeting in Phoe-
nix last Saturday by the following: Mr. and
Mrs. Scott. Mrs. Owsley, Mrs. McLaughlin
Mrs. Corwin, Mrs. Lawrence, Miss Phelps, Miss
Garton and Mr. Stacy. On the 11th of ApriK
the teachers in the academic department of
the Indian school will entertain the county
association, and will serve luncheon after the
usual business meeting whidi will be held in
the school auditorium.
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Teburaro 21, 1914.
97
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
m
Fifth Grade C.
We fifth C pupils are going to have a test in
geography again and I hope some of them will
bring up some hundreds this time.
The boys in the rifle company now seem to
l>e in good shape. They are drilling every
•evening with rifles.
The painter boys are working hard at the
Kast Farm this week.
The fifth grade C class is going to write
about Mexico for our examination. We hope
to have some good papers.
The fifth C class is very sorry for Fred John
because he has been out for quite a few days,
but we are all expecting him to be back with
us again.
I received a letter from Blario Ramon some
time ago. He says he is getting along nicely
at Mecca, California.
We are all glad that we will have a new
tank, and we hope that it will be finished soon.
Saturday afternoon my friend and I went to
town and visited Mrs. Nellie Davis. We had
a good time with her for a while at her house.
I hope she will come out here and visit us, too,
some times.
James and Bdgar Robinson had their e<i-
tertainment Tuesday night in town and some
of the Oklahoma, Pima and Hop! boys gave an
Indian dance.
We are having a few cloudy days, and the
grass and alfalfa are getting to be a little
greener. I hope everything will be green soon.
Johnny Brown is a good runner for a short
distance. I hope he will become a better
runner on long distances some day.
Eighth Grade
We are going to write compositions on citi-
zenship next week and I hope some of the
pupils from this school will get prizes.
We are going to have a test on civil govern-
ment in Miss Garton's room soon and we hope
to make some high grades.
Dwight B. Heard showed us some interest-
ing pictures of the Panama Canal and we cer-
tainly enjoyed it all.
The nurses are all glad that our patient,
Carl I^we, is improving. We hope he will be
able to leave his bed soon.
Dr. Farrell took back with her to Oklahoma
samples of Arizona. She wants the people
back home to know that Arizona has spring
now.
We girls have a new matron who takes Miss
Brownlee's place and we expect to get along
nicely with her.
I received a very nice letter, a few days ago,
from one of my friends, and he said that they
were still playing basketball at his school in
New Mexico, and that it was not yet warm
enough to play baseball there.
The Cottonwood trees are all beginning to
get green and it makes us think that summer
is not very far away.
Saturday the Indians will play ball with the
Phoenix High school hereon our grounds.
There will be races also. This will be the first
game of the season, and we hope that our boys
will do their best and try to win. They had
their first practice Tuesday evening.
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kan.
Indian Leader.
Miss Grace Viets, for several years a most
successful field matron among the Moquis,
whose language she speaks, has been obliged
to relinquish her work because of the high
altitude of the place where she was stationed.
Miss Viets is now at Phoenix where she has
been appointed matron at the sanatorium. —
Indian School Journal,
A neat little card from Fort Totten, North
Dakota, brings the following message: **Mr.
and Mrs. M. G. Saenz announce the birth of a
baby boy, Manuel G. Saenz, Jr., who arrived
February 3. Mr. and Mrs. Saenz are both for-
mer students, and their Haskell friends con-
gratulate them upon the arrival of their first
Tuba, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
There has been no winter here this year and
our ice house remains empty. If the weather
continues as spring-like as it Im now, we will
have to pass the summer without the luxury
of ice.
About eighteen of the Hopi Indians turned
out recently offering their help to put in a dam
across Moencopi Wash so to be able to begin
irrigating and repairing their lands for plant-
ing. This dam has to be built each season on
account of the great floods in the fall which
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The Native American
carry dow^n large trees, undoing the work of
the previous season.
On January 15, Evelyn E. Snelling and Wil-
liam T. Garthwaite resigned from the Indian
Service, the former on account of sickness, and
since her arrival in L^iberty, Mo., we learn that
there is liltle hope of her return to health.
Supervisor Otis B. Goodall recently visited
this agency on official business, remaining ten
days. Mr. Goodall is a man of long and wide
experience in the Grovernment service and his
visit was greatly enjoyed by us all.
John M. Timmons and David K. Robertson
are recent additions to the agency farmers'
force. Mr. Robertson was at one time em-
ployed at the Havasupai school.
General Mechanic John Stewart has returned
to Tuba from Marsh Pa^s lo bring in the ma-
sons who have completed the stone work on the
school. He will return again with carpenters,
painters and plumbers to finish ihe work and
in a few weeks we hope to get the supplies
and all the necessary material shipped to Kay-
enta preparatory to opening school. Superin-
tendent Sullivan attempted to make the jour-
ney to the plant in an automobile recently but
failed to make allowance for enough gasoline
and had to return after making 55 miles of the
trip, there being no place to get that very
necessary commodity outside of Tuba.
Hubert Richardson, wife and brother called
on us recently, having made the trip from
Blue Canyon over the Oraibi road in their Hup-
mobile. As to their arrival home we are still
in doubt. Mr. Richardson will open a trading
store in the old Blue Canyon government school
buildings which have been standing idle for a
number of years. An informal dance was
given for the visitors and a good time enjoyed
by all.
Mr. I^ocker, missionary at Tolchaco, was a
visitor at the Ward home last week.
Clara M. Smith made a trip to the Phoenix
Indian school as escort to some Hopi pupils
during the third week of January. She says
that the Phoenix school has some things nicer
than we, but that Tuba excels in some things,
too.
Miss Berth Fencuson, daughter of our engi-
neer, Eugene R. Ferguson, is temporarily fill-
ing the position of assistant matron.
The lecture course given by the employees
this winter his been of great benefit to both
employees and pupils and the various subjects
chosen have made it very interesting. Follow-
ing is the list of subjects so far as has been
given and by whom.
"The Hoose in which we Live"... Henry K. Wilson, physician-
**The Growth of the Child Mind'\.Charlra A. Freeman, teacher
''Teaching the Indian ChUd English"
Nora L. Henanghan. teacher -
"Cloths" Clara M. Smith, matron
"First Aid" Nellie Edna Kendrick, nurse
"The House Made by Hands"
Evelyn E. Snelllng, assistant matron
"Trees and their Propagation" Henry Crofoot, nurseryman
"Farming" Thomas E. Stanton. Farmer
'*The Heart of the Home" Anna J. Patterson, cook
'The Future of the Indian" Sallie E. St. Jacque. seamstress
"Politeness" Mary Stewart, laundress
"Writing and Drawing" John A. Keirn. teacher
"Music" Lois W, Sullivan, Clerk
"The Stars" Ira E. Bell, asst. clerk
"Some Reasons for the Superiority of the White Race over
Other Races" Victor H. Bjork. Farmer
"Comparison of the Navajo Stock With That of the
Whites" David K. Robertson, farmer
"Wood" Charles W. Meador, carpenter
Victor H. Bjorlc, the farmer in charge of the
Moencopi Wash farm, has begun a through re-
novation of the whole 240 acres, and it is hoped
that his efforts will bring the land up to a state
where it will supply the demand for stock feed
at this school.
The telephone line to Flagstaff is moving
slowly in its construction, as the deep snow in
San Francisco mountains makes it impossible
for the Indians to haul the poles from that lo-
cation on account of the scarcity of feed for
their animals.
Miss Molly Edwardson of Kansas City, Mo.,
visiting her sister, Mrs. Ira E. Bell.
The outing girls, chaperoned by their
matron. Miss Chingren. gave a delightful
party Saturday evening at the girls' home,
entertaining a number of their friends from
school and city. A late car had been ar-
ranged to convey the jolly party back to the
city, so there was time for the social hour and
the splendid refreshments. Among some of
the most popular visitors were several of
the school's "grandchildren."
Mrs. J. C. Young and son, Lomax, were
calling on friends at the school this week.
They have just returned from Wenona, Illi-
nois, and will make their home in Phoenix.
Mrs. Florence Elliott, teacher at the sana-
torium, was joined this week by her husband,
who had remained in Michigan to close up
his business affairs. Mr. Elliott expects to
locate in Salt River valley.
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Febmarv 21, 1914
99
CLUB STANDING
Teams Won Lost Pep.
Philadelphia Athletics 1 1 500
New York Giants 1 1 .500
Boston Red Soxs 1 1 .500
Chicago White Soxs 1 1 .500
THIS WEEK'S SCORES
Chicago White Sox 8— New York Giants 3.
Boston Red Sox 8— Piiiladelphia Athletics 6.
NEXT WEEK'S GAMES
Monday, February 23.
Philadelphia Athletics vs. New York Giants
Chicago White Sox vs. Boston Red Sox
THIS WEEK'S GAMES
By Johnson McAfee.
The White Sox and the New York Giants
played their second game Monday afternoon.
It being a little rainy there were not many
spectators, but the game had to be played.
The White Sox won by a score of 8 to 3. No
one made more than a two-base hit.
On Wednesday the Philadelphia Athletics
and the Red Sox played their game. The Red
Sox having lost a game last week determined
to win this game or drop out of the series.
The Athletics had the same idea but the
game, which was worth seeing, resulted in
victory for the Red Sox, by the close score of
8 to 6
Captain Reynolds has found a new catcher
and will play better games than ever.
With the White and Red Sox redeeming
themselves this makes all the teams tied, each
winning and losing one game.
The fans are holding their breath hoping to
have their favorite team capture the champion-
ship. By the way, I think one of the teachers
has something for the winning team.
Monday being a holidav two games will be
played* The above schedule indicates which
teams will play.
Come on boys, lets have some air-tight games.
L*et the fans do the rooting and we'll do the
playing.
Phoenix High defeated Glendale by score of
4-3, last Saturday. The game was played on
the laiter's grounds.
Candidates for School Team
The following boys were tried out for
the positions set opposite their names for the
baseball team to represent the school in the
game with the Coyotes of Phoenix high
school, to be played Saturday. February 21.
at the Indian school grounds.
Catcher — Harry Austin and Morris Alex-
ander.
Pitcher — Joseph Burke. George Burke,
Theodore Johuny and Fred Quail.
First base — Jess Clifton and Silas Tenijieth.
Second base — Juan Vavages and Oscar
Earl.
Third base — ^Charles Reynolds and Ramon
Garcia.
Short stop — Frank Butler and Thomas Ely.
Right field— Edward Flores, Ross Shaw
and Isaac Anton.
Center field — ^Luke Anton and Antonio
Martinez.
Left field — Lemuel Mansfield, Juan Har-
vier. and Frank Whitman.
e;4
Indian— Coyote Baseball Game.
The lineup for this week's baseball game be-
tween the Phoenix Indian School and the Phoe-
nix High school is as follow:
Indian School Phoenix High School
Harry Austin Catcher Harrison
Quail )
Johnny V Pitcher Brown
Burke )
Clifton First base Anderson
Earl Second base Haldman
Butler Short stop Thom&s
Reynolds Third base Brison
Flores Right field Westsall
lyuke Anton Center Field Peter
Yukku L,eft field Lyall
Shaw Sub
The Indian team has been selected from a
large number of candidates and there has been
much rivalry among the boys to be one of the
players chosen to represent the school. The
names of the candidates for the various po-
sitions are given elsewhere in this issue of the
Native American. The full story of the game
will be printed in next week's issue.
G003
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100
The Native American
FOSTER OF OFFICERS
OF THE
United States Indian Service
(Corrected to January 15, 1914.)
CATO SEIyLrS,
K. B. Mbritt,
C. F. Haukb
C. D. MUNRO,
C. R. Wannbr, Law CUrk
Education— ZoTS.^ Francis, Jr.
BOARD OF REVIEW.
J. F. Al,I,BN
CHIEFS OP DIVISIONS.
Land— ^11, R. Layne
Commissioner
Assistant Commissioner-
Second Assistant Commissioner
Private Secretary to Commissioner
J. H. DORtCH
Finance —UK^nrtonf Dimick
Field Inspection:
E. P. Hoi,coMBR, Chief Supervisor lodian
Service.
Henry A LtARSON, Chief Special Officer,
Lfiquor Suppression.
Schools:
H. B. Peairs, Supervisor of Schools.
Wn^i^iAM W. Coon, Assistant Super-
visor.
Industries:
Chari^ES L. Davis, Supervisor of Farming.
Chari^es E Dagenett, Supervisor
Employment.
Health:
Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, Medical Supvr.
Dr. Ferdinand Shoemaker,
Mrs. Ei*sie E. Newton.
Irrigation:
WendEI*i* M. Reed, Chief Inspector of Irri-
gation.
WAI.TER B. Hii,i<,
Herbert F. Robinson,
Chari^es R. Oi^berg,
Francis R. Schanck,
Lester M. Hoi^t,
Wn^Bur S. Hanna,
Henry W. Dietz,
McGii.1* Conner.
Forestry:
Franki,in W. Reed, Forester,
J. P. Kinney,
Edwin M. Hamii^ton,
C. E. DUNSTON,
Chari^es S. Webster,
Francis X. Sai^zman,
MarkLt. Burns,
W. H. VON Bayer.
Construction:
John Chari«es, Supervisor of Construction*
R. M. PRINGI^E.
General Inspection {Supervisors):
S. A. M. Young,
Wn^WAM R. Rosenkrans,
O. H. LiPPS,
H. G. Wilson,
Chari.es E. McChesney,
J. B. Brown,
Wii^uAM B. Freer,
L. F. Michaei.,
Al^BERT H. KNEAI.E,
Otis B. Ctoodai,!,.
special Investigation {Special Agents):
C. L. E1.1.IS,
WAI.TER W. MCCONIHE,
John H. Hinton,
Cai^vin H. Asbury,
Thomas K Adreon,
Harry T. Brown,
Ori^ando M. McPherson,
It, A. DORRINGION.
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Febmarv 21 1914 101
Oncra^s IN Charge of Reservations, Schools and Indians.
(The oflBcer in charge is a soperhiteDdent unleM otherwise indicated by foot note.)
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100
The Native American
Officers in Charge of Reservations, Schools and Indians.
(The officer is a superintendent unless otherwise indicated by footnote.)
SCHOOL
STATE
A%.
Roseburg
Round Valley
Sac and Fox Sanatorium..
Sac and Fox
Salem
Salt River
San Carlos
San Juan
Santa Fe
Santee
Okia
Kans
N. Mex..
N. Mex.
S. Dak..
Wis
Minn
OkIa
Ariz
S. Dak..
Oreg
Cal
Iowa
Okla
Oreg
Ariz
Ariz
N. Mex..
N. Mex.
Nebr
Ariz
Okla
Okla
Okla
Cal
Utah
Wyo
Oreg
S. Dak...
Cal
Colo
Wash ...
S. Dak...
N. Dak..
Wis
Mont
Troxton Canon lAriz
Tulalip |Wash ... .
Tule River Cal
Turtle Mountain N. Dak ...
Uintah and Ouray Utah
Umatilla Oreg
Union Okla
SanXavier
Seger
Seneca
Shawnee
Sherman Institute ..
Shivwits
Shoshone
SileU
Sisseton
Soboba
Southern Ute
Spokane
Springfield
Standing Rock .
Tomah
Tongue River...
Almond R. Miller ..
Geo. L. Williams
Sam 'I F. Stacher....
Philip T. Lonergan..
Jesse F. House
John W. Dady
Walter F. Dickens...
Willis E. Dunn
Dr. J. S. Perkins 1 ..
John H. Scriven
SUPERINTENDENT
POST-OFFICE ADDRESS TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS
Horace G. Wilson 3
Thos. B. Wilson
Dr. Robeit L. Russell 1..
Horace J. Johnson
Harry E. Wadsworth ...
Charles E. Coe
Abraham L. Lawshe
William T. Shelton
Harold F. Coggeshall
Frank E. Mclntyre
Henry J. McQuigg
Walter W. SmalT.
Ira C. Deaver
John A. Buntin
F. M. Conser
Frank A. Virtue
Joseph H. Norris
Knott C. Egbert
Sanford E. Allen
Harwood Hall
Walter Runke
Capt. John McA. Webster
(U S Army, retired)
Charies E. Burton
Albert H. Kneale 3
Lindley M. Compton
John R. Eddy
Vermillion Lake..
Wahpeton
Walker River
Warm Springs
Western Navajo
Western Shoshone..
White Earth
Winnebago
Wittenberg
Yakima
Yankton
Zuni
Minn ...
N. Dak..
Nev
Oreg
Ariz
Nev
Minn ...
Nebr ....
Wis
Wash....
S. Dak. .
N. Mex
Charles E. Shell
Dr. Chas. M. Buchanan 1.
Alonzo P. Edmonson
Stephen Janus
Jewell D. Martin 3
Edw. L. Swartzlander
Dana H. Kelsey
Dr. Otis 0. Benson 1
James B. Royce
Dr. H.V. Hailman
Gilbert L.Hall
William T. Sullivan
Alfred H. Symons
John R. Howaid
Johns Spear
Eli J. Bost
Don M. Carr
A W. Leech
Robert J. Bauman
Whiteagle, Okla
Mayetta, Kans
Crownpoint. N. M
Albuquerque, N. M .
RapidCity. S. Dak...
Bayfield, Wis
Red Lake. Minn
Hammon. Okla
Rice, Ariz
Rosebud, S. Dak
Ponca, Okla.
Mayetta. Kans.
Thoreau, N. Mex.
Albuquerque. N. Mex.
Rapid City. S. Dak.
Bayfield, Wis.
Bemidji. Minn.
Hammon. Okla.
Rice, Ariz.
Rosebud. S. Dak., via
Valentine. Nebr.
Roseburg. Oreg.
Covelo. via Cahto. Cal.
Toledo, Iowa.
Stroud. Okla.
Salem, Oreg.
Scottsdale. via Phoenix. Ariz.
San Carlos. Ariz.
Farmington, N. Mex.
Roseburg, Oreg
Covelo, Cal
Toledo. Iowa
Stroud. Okla.. R.F.D. No. 2.
Chemawa, Oreg
Salt River. Ariz
San Carlos. Ariz
Shiprock. N. Mex „
Santa Fe. N. Mex iSanta Fe. N. Mex.
Santee. Nebr Santee. Nebr.. via Springfield.
I S. Dak.
Tucson, Ariz ITucson. Ariz.
Colony. Okla iWeatherford. Okla.
Wyandotte. Okla..
Shawnee, Okla
Riverside. Cal
Santa Clara, Utah
Fort Washakie, Wyo .
Siletz, Oreg
Sisseton, S. Dak
San Jacinto. Cal
Ignacio, Colo
Spokane. Wash
Springfield. S. Dak...
Fort Yates. N. Dak..
Tomah. Wis
Lame Deer. Mont
Valentine, Ariz
Tulalip. Wash
Porterville, Cal
Belcourt. N. Dak
Fort Duchesne. Utah.
Pendleton, Oreg
Muskogee. Okla
Tower, Minn
Wahpeton. N. Dak
Schurz, Nev
Warmspring. Oreg
T.ba. Ariz
Owyhee. Nev
White Earth. Minn ...
Winnebago. Nebr
Wittenberg. Wis
Fort Simcoe. Wash
Greenwood, S. Dak
Blackrock, N. Mex
Seneca. Mo.
Shawnee. Okla.
Riverside. Cal.
Modena. Utah.
Fort Washakie. Wyo.
Toledo, Oreg.
Sisseton, S. Dak.
San Jacinto, Cal.
Ignacio, Colo.
Spokane, Wash.
Springfield, S. Dak.
Cannon Ball, N. Dak.
Tomah. Wis.
Lame Deer, via Crow Agency.
Mont.
Hackberry, Ariz.
Marysville, Wash.
Springville. Cal.
Rolla. N. Dak.
Fort Duchesne. Utah.
Pendleton. Oreg.
Muskogee. Okla.
Tower. Minn.
Wahpeton. N. Dak.
Schurz. Nev.
Mecca. Oreg.
Flagstaflf. Ariz.
Elko. Nev.
Detroit. Minn.
Winnebago. Nebr.
Wittenberg. Wis
North Yakima. Wash.
Wagner. S. Dak.
Blackrock. via Gallup. N. Mex.
1 Sjpsrincendeat and Physician. 2 Additional Farmer. 3 Sjp^rvisor in charge. 4 Special Agent in charge.
Miscellaneous Ofhcers.
OFFICE
name
Post-Office Address TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS
Secretary and Disbursing Agent. Board of In
dian Commissioners.
Commissioner to Five Civilized Tribes
Special Disbursing Agents:
Disbursing Officer to Commissioner to
Five Civilized Tribes
Cashier and Special Disbursing Agent
for Union Agency. Oklahoma.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent, Of-
fice of Superintendent of Irrigation.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent. Of-
fice of Superintendent of Irrigation.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent, Of-
fice of Superintendent of Irrigation.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent, Kio-
wa Agency, Oklahoma.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent for
Irrigation Work, Klamath Reservation,
Oregon.
Engineer and Special Disbursing Agent,
Uintah Irrigation Survey. Utah.
F. H. Abbott
J. George Wright..
George N. Wise
Wm. M. Baker
Hugh P. Coultis...
M. M. Thorne
Busch BIdg.. Washing-
ton, D. C
Muskogee, Okla
Muskogee, Okla
Muskogee, Okla
Busch Bldg., Wash.. D. C.
Muskogee, Okla.
Muskogee. Okla.
Muskogee, Okla.
526 Federal Bldg., Los 526 Federal Bldg.. Los Angeles.
Angeles. Cal I Cal.
Fort Hall. Idaho Fort Hall, Idaho.
North Yakima. Wash... North Yakima. Wash.
W. Ancel Walker..
Charles E. Norton JAnadarko, Okla 'Anadarko. Okla.
H. F. Hammersley IChiloquin. Oregon..
Joseph M Bryant Fort Duchesne, Utah..
Chiloquin, Oregon.
Ft. Duchesne, Utah.
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February 2i, 1914
103
MifCEXLANEOUS OmCERS.
omcE.
NAME.
Post-Offiec Address.
Telegraphic Address.
Special Dtebursinfi Agent»-Co»<<m/frf ^, ^
AsslstantEngmeer and Special Disburs-
ing Agent, Shoshone Irrigation Project.
Wyoming. (
Edward E. Jones
Charles H. Bates
Clair Hunt
Wind River, Wyo.
Wind River, via Lander. Wyo.
John Baun
Allotting Agents "{
Charles E. Redfield
Thralls W. Wheat
Frauds C Wilson
Attorney for Paeblo Indians
Santa Fe, New Mex.
16th & Canal Sts.. Chi-
cago. III.
600 &mth Broadway. St.
Louis. Mo.
268 Market St.. San
Frandco. Cal.
nth St. & Capitol Ave..
Omaha. Nebr.
119-121 WoosterSt..New
York. N. Y.
81 First Ave.. Salt Lake
City. Utah.
Orlando Fla
Santa Fe. New Mex.
Saperintendents. Indian Warehouses J
1
I
Special Agent in charge of the Scattered Bands
of Indians in Utah.
Special Commissioner to netfotiate with the
Burton B. Custer
William B. CoUier
Richard C. Jordan
JohnC. Hennessyl
Lorenzo D. Creel
16th & Canal Sts.. Chicago. Ul.
600 South Broadway. St. Louis.
Mo.
268 Market St.. San Frandsco.
Cal.
nth St. & Capitol Ave.. Omaha.
Nebr.
119-121 Wooster St., New York,
N.Y.
81 First Ave.. Salt Lake Ciiy.
Luden A. Spencer
Fred A Baker
Uuh.
Oriando. Ha.
Pawhuska, Okla.
Seminole Indians in Florida.
Examiner in Probate Matters. Osage Indians...
Pawhuska, Okia
Superintendents of Schools. Five Civilized
Tribes:
Armstrontf Male Orphan Academy.Choo-
Bloomfield Seminary. Chicliasaw Nation
Cherokee Orphan Training School.Chero-
Itee Nation.
Collins Institute. Chickasaw NaUon
Pern Farve r
Academy. Okla
Bokchito. Okla.
Mrs. Annie G. Adding-
Merr^M. Griffith.;*....
John H. Wilson
Hendrix, Okla
ParkHlU, Okla
Kemp City. Okla.
Tahlequah. Okla.
Frisco, via Stonewell. Okla.
Frisco. Okla
Enchee Boarding School, Creek Nation .
James W. Graves
Miss GertrudeA.Camp-
bell
Sapulpa, Okla
Sapulpa. Okla.
Eufaula Okla
Eufaula Boarding School. Creek Nation
Eufaula Okla
Hartshome, Okla
Mekusukey. Okla
Nuyaka, Okla...
Jones Male Academy. Choctaw Nation...
Mekusukey Academy, Semhiole Nation
Nuyaka Boarding School. Creek NaUon..
Edwin L. Chalcraft
George W. Horton
Clarence Clark
Hartshome. Okla.. Telephone to
School.
Seminole. Okla.. Telephone to
School.
Beggs. Okla.. Telephone to School.
Muskogee, Ok la., Telephone to Tul-
lahassee. Okla.
Tuskohoma, Okla., Telephone to
School.
Millerton. Okla.
Tnllahassee Boarding School. Creek Na-
J. E. Whitfield
Tullahassee. Okla
Tuskahoma. Okla
Millerton. Okla
Uon
Wm. F. Aven
Miss M.Eleanor Allen..
Tuskahoma Female Academy. Choctaw
Nation
Wheelock Female Orphan Academy,
Choctaw Nation
1 Clerk hi Charge
The band played in town Wednesday
night for the entertainment at the A. M. E.
church, in which some of our pupils partici-
pated.
Rev. T. C. Moffett, of New York City, was a
visitor here on Friday. Dr. Moffett is the
general superintendent of mission work
among the Indians of the United States, under
the Presbyterian Church. He is making a
tour through the Southwest, visiting the
reservations in New Mexico, Arizona and
California, and is in Phoenix in the interests
of the Cook Bible school. He was at Saca-
ton last Sunday and will be at Gila Crossing
and Maricopa tomorrow. Dr. Moffett was
formerly pastor of the Presbyterian church at
Flagstaff, and later at Tucson.
Owing to the increased size of this week's
issue of the Native American, the printing
oflBce boys have been obliged to work even-
ings in order to come out on time. The do-
mestic science girls, under the direction of
Miss Keck, have provided a luncheon every
evening at the close of work, for which the
printing office boys desire to express their
thanks through the columns of this maga-
zine.
At the social some time ago Mr. Grinstead,
having found a ring, informed the boys if one
of them could describe it they could have it.
Antonio Martinez in reply said: I lost a dia-
mond ring without a set.
Today's baseball game with the Coyotes
was postponed on account of rain.
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104
The Native Amrican-
Carl Lowe Improyinl
Carl Lowe adjutant of the first battalion,
has been critically ill this week, but his con-
dition is now slightly improved and his many
Mends are hopeful of an early recovery.
TWO NOTED INDIAN CHIEFS DEAD
Indian Leader,
Two of Oklahoma's most noted Indians of
the old type, White Eagle of the Poncas, and
White Antelope of the Southern Cheyennes,
arc dead, both having died on the same day,
February 3. Each was about 90 years old, and
in every way they were fine specimens of the
old wariors who were never able to adapt
themselves to the ways of civilization.
White Eagle for more than half a century
was head chief of the Poncas, and was a wise
and capable ruler.
White Antelope was the son of another
White Antelope who went in early days with
Touching Cloud and I^ittle Chief as members
of the first delegation of Cheyennes to visit the
President. A great part of the journey was
made on horseback.
He was one of the seven chiefs that signed
the treaty that ceded to the United States
goyernment the Cheyenne and Arapaho Indian
reservations in Oklahoma for homestead settle-
ment. He was unable to abandon his old ways
and his old beliefs, but urged all the young
women of his tribe to adopt the ways of civil-
PROPOSALS FOR BRICK-COTTAGE DOR-
MITORIES. Department of the Interior,
Office of Indian Affairs, Washington, D. C,
February 2, 1914. Sealed proposals, plainly
marked on the outside of the sealed envelope:
"Proposals for Brick Cottage-Dormitories for
Pueblo Bonito Indian School, New Mexico,"
and addressed to the '^Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, Washington, D. C," will be received
at the Indian Office until 2 o'clock p. m. of
March 19, 1914, for furnishing materials and
labor for the construction of three brick cot-
tage-dormitories at the Pueblo Bonito Indian
School, New Mexico, in strict accordance with
the plans, specifications and instructions to
bidders which may be examined at the United
States Indian Warehouses at Chicago, III.,
St. Louis, Mo., Omaha, Nebr., and San Fran-
cisco, Cal., and at the Pueblo Bonito Indian
School. For further information apply to the
Superintendent of the Pueblo Bonito Indian
School, Crownpoint, New Mexico.
CATO SELLrS, Commissioner,
isatiou. His son, Forrest Antelope, is a fine
example of the educated, industrious and suc-
cessful Indian. He is one of the best farmers
in Oklahoma. White Antelope used neither
whisky nor tobacco, an uncommon trait amonST'
Indians. His home was near Watonga. — JCan-
sas City Star,
De Forest Antelope is a graduate of Has-
kell Institute. He completed the academic
course in 1895. He was always a dependable^
upright boy and continues to walk in the right
way.
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LI.ILIIJl
"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFB"'
iiiiij
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian FduccUion
Volume 15 FebrusLty 28, 1914 dumber 9
The Indian — Personal vs Property.
Addreee of HON, OABE B. PARKER, at Mohonk Conference.
The Indian and his affairs have been topics of consideration and legislation for many
years. So much has been said and written about him that the hope to suggest anything
original on the subject is practically without foundation. Possibly the most and the best
to offer are individual observations of relationships and suggestions for correlations which,
will accomplish the desired results.
Around the head of the American Indian continuous political, social, religious, and
economic warfare has been waged for more than four hundred years by both friends and
foes. Many good people have failed to understand the Indian and properly to guide his
affairs, and many bad people have purposely misled him. The great trouble with many
persons and their measures affecting the Indian has been and is that they have failed to
understand the problem. The successful physician has more to know than to prescribe — ^he
must know his patient and he must know the disease. It is, however, to the lasting credit
of many good men and women that they have understood the Indian and have honestly and
conscientiously devoted their efforts toward his advancement
The Indian presents primarily two propositions, the personal and the property. More
than three hundred thousand living, moving people, men, women, and children, constitute
the personal and more than a billion dollars estimates the value of the property. Of the two
propositions, the personal seems to me to be paramount in importance and to demand the
first consideration and solution. Property adjustments are potent factors in personal develop-
ment and should receive careful, efficient, and honest consideration. But, after all, man*s
riches are only incidental and should be used only as a means to an end, which end should
be efficient, honest manhood. To deal sensibly with a man and his affairs, one must know
the man. The man lives forever, his property is relative, elusive and temporary; he is in-
valuable, his property has its metes and bounds; he is infinite, his property is finite. A
good financial deal increases a man's bank account, a bad one decreases it; but the equi'
librium of the world's business is not perceptibly disturbed. A misguided life is a positive
loss to the present and the future, an irreparable interference with universal contemplation
of harmony. "Who steals my purse steals trash; but he that filches from me my good
name robs me of that which not enriches him, and makes me poor indeed.*' Equally
weighty is the responsibility upon him who assumes direction and misleads. However, a
battle never fought is a battle never won, therefore we think, we speak, and we work.
The Indian and his affairs are similar to the people and affairs of any race. There is
as much nature in the Indian as there is in any man, and social, religious, legal, and
economic principles pervade his affairs just as they operate in the affairs of the other
peoples. The only difference is in relationships. The distinguishing features of men and
things are very largely differences of environment and opportunity. The Indian is just a
man, with all the potential faculties and possibilities for good and evil as other men, and if
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108 The Native American
the corresponding developments and accomplishments differ, the cause lies in envuronmen
and circumstances rather than in human difference. Recently, I asked a white man who
has had many years* experience with Indians on the warpath, in their homes and their
schools, this question: 'Tundaraentally, what is the difference in your opinion between
the Indian and aoy other race?" He replied: "The only difference is in color." I believe
he answered correctly, for the Indian can think and he does think, he can learn and he does
learn, he has high ideals and he practices them, he can work and he does work. What
more can any man do? The only difference, then, must be in degree. My mother was an
Indian, I attended school with Indians and I have taught Indians the past fourteen years.
I have been, therefore, associated with Indians all my life. I have had in my school In-
dians from one sixty-fourth degree to full bloods. I have had Indian boys who could
speak no English and I have had at the same time Indian boys who could speak no Indian
language. Practically speaking, therefore. I have had both white and Indian boys and
have had the opportunity to make comparisons. I say to you frankly that some of my
brightest and most progressive pupils have been full blood Indians and some of my dullest
have been white. Not only is this true in school work, but it is equally true in industrial work.
The best carpenter in my school is a full blood Indiaa Among those who have gone out
of my school and are now working for themselves are full bloods who are "making good.**
These observations are made to show that, under the same environment and opportunity,
the Indian is as susceptible and capable of development as the white. Then deal with the
Indian as you would with the white, under similar circumstances, and the results will surely
be the same.
The man who does his best according to the highest standard known to him has lived
well. In comparative infancy, the Indian had thrust upon him new standards with varied
requirements and evolutions. His eyes were hardly opened to his own possibilities and
future achievements when the westward march of the white man*s civilization heralded a new
era and a new life. Immediately there was set in motion a process of assimilation and ac-
commodation. History and present conditions disclose the wisdom and success of the as-
similation and the adaptations of the Indian. No longer should there be any doubt of the
capability and adaptability of the Indian any more than of the white man. Whatever
difference of life and progress exist, are explained in the difference of environment, edu-
cation and necessity. All people think and act and live as they have always thought, acted
and lived until education and necessity change their thoughts, acts and lives. It requires
time, education and necessity to transform the life of a people and the transition is fraught
^ith danger. The hope is education and experience.
The Indians of the Five Civilized Tribes have been separated into two classes; the re-
Btricted and the unrestricted, upon the arbitrary basis of the quantum of Indian Wood.
Those of half blood and less are declared competent to administer their own affairs, while
those of greater quantity of Indian blood are regarded as incompetent The division is un-
fortunate and misleading, for it is no more true that all the unrestricted are competent
than that all the restricted are incompetent. There are competents and incompetents ui
both classes and the proportion in each class of competents to incompetents is relatively
the same. I mean to say that there are hundreds of full bloods who are just as competent
to manage their affairs as the most competent of those less than half blood, and that there
are hundreds of half bloods and less who are no more competent than the incompetents of
the full blood class. There are competents and incompetents among the Indians just as
there are among all people, and it will probably remain thus as long as the world stands
But, since the standard of competency has been established, the consideration for us is to
meet the conditions as they exist It would be well in some equitable way to eliminate
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Feburarg 28, 1914. 109
from further consideration all Indians who have been declared competent, together with
those who are found competent among the so-called incompetent class, and to devote our
time and attention to the real incompetents of the restricted class.
There are many primitive Indians in the Five Civilized Tribes who are not yet familiar
with the white man's ways. They are the ones who need and must have assistance if they
are to become and remain self-supporting and contributing factors in our citizenship.
They must be taught, ihey must be guided, and they must have time to accommodate them-
selves to the changed conditions. Those who teach and guide should be those who know
the Indian best and who are honest and capable. The same care that now is being exer-
cised in the selection of officers to handle the Indians* finances should be exercised in de-
termining the character of all whose personality is to impress the Indian. Regardless of
the fact that the Indians own more land per capita than any other race of people in the
world, it is singularly true that their information, as a rule, of the value and possibilities of
the soil is extremely limited, resulting very largely from the system of communal owner-
ship of land which has prevailed among them. They do not know the relative value of the
land, because they have had no experience in buying and selling land; they do not know
the possibilities of the soil, because the natural productiveness of it has responded to the
methods of operation common to their forefathers and to their neighbors around them. It
would be good personal and public policy to designate forty acres of each Indian's allotment
as his homestead for life, restricted as to sale and taxation, and to permit him to dispose
of the remainder, if he desires, at designated periods, and to do as he pleases with the
proceeds. For instance, each allottee might be permitted to dispose of, say, forty acres at
the end of the first year, forty at the end of the second or third year, and so on down to
the forty acres reserved which he could not sell or otherwise incumber, but which he must
keep for his support I know one family of five who own nineteen hundred acres of good
land, worth at least $25.00 an acre — nearly $50,000 — yet this family lives on less than forty
acres in cultivation, is poor and, Fm told, needy. The balance of this land — over eighteen
hundred acres — is doing them no good. In fact, it is a bone of contention in the community,
an inspiration of social and political prejudice, a significant barrier to the Indian's progress.
The average Indian family has seldom utilized more than forty acres of land for agricultural
purposes. Why« then, make him a target of insinuation and humiliation by compelling
him to hold more land than he can use and tying his hands behind him so he can neither
protect his pride nor develop his manhood? How do you know a boy can make a table:
until he has made a table mth his own hands? There is no use to give him the material
and the tools if you don't let him use them. Experience is the best and safest teacher ia
the development of personal efficiency. Land still in the original allottee in Oklahoma is
not taxable, but becomes taxable on transfer. If the allottee should prefer not to sell the
forty acres at the close of the first year, then he might be required to pay taxes on that
tract and so on from year to year until all lands would pay taxes except the forty acres
reserved. This plan would give the Indian the practical experiences and responsibilities of
citizenship and at the same time protect him against himself if he were disposed to squan-
der Ms entire holdings. He must learn and grow by doing things himself.
While much good can be done for the old Indians, the great opportunity and hope is
with the young. Theur property should be made secure against dissipation and they should
be compelled to attend school, and the best schools for them for many years to come are the
Indian schools as now conducted in Oklahoma. There are, of course, many important les-
sons to teach in the development of manhood and womanhood, and all good lessons should be
taught, but let our Indian schools emphasize daily these seven essentials: Know and use
the English language, for it is the medium of intercourse, the key to the Indian's progress
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no
The Native American
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWfiNTY-FIVK OBSP^TTS A YB2AR
Mr. and Mrs. R A. Ward of Sacaton were
week-end visitors at the Phoenix school.
«065
William Drake has been transferred from
the Nevada agency to Genoa as head farmer.
do&
LOST— Roman gold locket Monogram
engraving M. D. E. Please return to M. D.
Eisenhower.
see
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence are to occupy the
apartment vacated by Mr. and Mrs. Dodson,
and will move in as soon as the painter
freshens up the rooms a bit.
a065
Arthur Elliott was appointed laborer at
the sanatorium this week to succeed Mr.
Brittingham, who has been filling the place
the past several months.
dO&:
The tennis players were disappointed that
their trip to Sacaton was prevented by the
rain of last week, and hope that another
•date may be arranged for a match.
OOSi
Mrs. Carrie Wilcox, field matron for the
€heyennes and Arapahoes in the Darlington
district, is arranging for a circulating library
for the Indians, many of whom are fond of
reading. This is believed to be the first li-
brary of its kind in the United States. —
Indian Leader.
«oej
Mr. and Mrs. John Dodson left the first of
the week for Whiteriver, Arizona, where Mr,
Dodson is transferred as carpenter. Mrs.
Dodson will probably take the noncompetitive
examination for seamstress at the Fort
Apadie schooL Their friends wish them suc-
ocEB in the new work.
During the past month Indians of the
Saboba and Cahuilla reservations have pur-
chased more than 20,000 pounds of seed
barley. Most of the money is advanced by
the government to be returned at harvest
time without interest. The Indians are
seeding a larger acreage this year than ever
before. — Sherman Bulletin.
The scope of the school gardens has been
extended by the addition of a plot of ground
contaming about three-quarters of an acre
west of the manual training building and
south of Dr. Marden*s cottage. This ground
will be used as an experimental garden for
fruit trees, ornamental trees, roses, small
fruits, cotton, etc. Seeds started in the lath
house will be transplanted to the garden.
This week nearly three hundred peach trees
were planted by Mr. Scott in the new "ex-
perimental farm."
The death of Minnie Harris occurred this
week at her home on the Salt River reserva-
tion. Minnie has been a Phoenix school
gu-1, but for several years worked for a family
in the city and attended public school where
she made a good record. Her health failed
very rapidly, the end coming sooner than
was expected, and both former teachers and
classmates as weU as the outing matron and
her employers, feel very sad that another
bright, progressive girl should succumb to
the Indian's worst enemy.
Another 1906 graduate of whom Phoenix
feels proud talked to the students in chapel
Sunday morning. Victor Manuel arrived Sat-
urday from Poughkeepsie, New York, where
he has been a worker and a student for sev-
eral years since completing a course at Hamp-
ton Institute. He left Monday afternoon for
the Pima agency where his people live and^
will visit them for a while before looking for
a location in the southwest. "Does it Pay to
Educate the Indian" was the subject of the
young man's talk to the pupils, and his own
life is one of the strongest proofs possible
that Indian education does pay well.
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Febmarg 28, 1914
111
Pupils and teachers have been busy this
week in the writing and correcting of the
papers on "Citizenship," and the teachers
are also busily engaged during spare mo-
ments in preparation of the thesis required
by the department annually.
Mrs. L L Odle, wife of Superintendent
Odle of Yuma, arrived in Phoenix Thursday
morning with two Yuma hoys who entered
school. Mrs. Odle lived near the school
during the time her husband was supervisor
of Indian employment for this section, and
with little Dorothy was greeted by a number
of old acquaintances.
On Tuesday afternoon at the home of her
sister, Mrs. J. F. Krebs, occurred the marriage
of Hazel Kibbey to Arthur Spalding. The
bride, formerly of Globe, Ariz., has made her
home in Los Angeles for the past several
years. The groom is head machinist for the
Arizona Motor company of Phoenix, and the
couple will make their home in the city.
Judge Johnstone performed the ceremony.
Eajiiieers Approfe San Carlos Dam Site
The Pima Indians and their friends are
rejoicing over the recent report of the army
engineers who have been investigating the
San Carlos dam site. It is estimated that the
project will cover 35,000 acres of Indian land,
which will allow each Pima Indian under the
system ten acres of irrigated land.
The Arizona Republican Thursday morn-
ing contains the following despatch from
Washington:
The report of the board of army engineers
that investigated the feasibility of the San
Carlos reservoir site in Pinal county, Arizona,
and situated on the San Carlos Indian reser-
vation, was made today recommending that
the project be built This is considered by
all who are acquainted with the fight that has
been made on this irrigation scheme to mean
that neceisary appropriation will be made
by Congress and that the dam will be built.
The report estimates the cost at $6,311,000,
or au average cost of $70 per acre against
the land that will immediately be benefited
by the project. The estimated acreage is
90,000 divided into 55,000 in private holdings
and 35,000 in the Pima Indian reserve. In
order to satisfactorily settle all controversies
the board recommends that suits be com-
menced in the Federal courts to adjudicate
the lands.
The construction of this project will mean
much to the Florence and Casa Grande val-
leys. Both these sections have been long
looking forward to a favorable report upon
this proposition. Many settlers have recently
gone into both sections in the hope that water
would be obtained. Many old timers have
been holding on to land in the same hope
Both the Florence and Casa Grande valleys
are exceedingly fertile in their soil wealth,
but without water agriculture has been a
poor business venture around Florence and
not much better around Casa Grande, as the
pumping propositions have only just recently
been found to be successful.
Under the impetus of this report it is ex-
pected that both communities will take spurts
and grow rapidly. Florence is the county
seat of Pinal and with a rich agricultural com-
munity around it will bean important center.
The controversy over the site has raged
long and furiously. For many years both
the Southern Pacific and Santa Fe railroads
claimed the site as the right of way for a
railway through the canyon. The fight over
a high and low line grade has been waged
in Arizona since early in the '90s. As soon
as one claim would lapse, the settlers would
file upon the canyon as a reservoir site.
Among the claims made against it has
been that the bed rock is too deep, but this
was exploded when the Reclamation service
went deeper for bed rock at Elephant Butte.
Over in the Casa Grande valley Senator
John F. Brown at the head of the water users
there has fought with great insistence and
energy for the San Carlos project as a feasible
and proper one.
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112
The Native American
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
BlaekroeR, New Mexieo
By Special Correspondent
We are enclosiag a picture of the Zunidam.
It is certainly a masterpiece of masonry and
reflects credit upon the entire force. May its
completion be assured in the near future.
After strenuouswork during the winter months
Engineer Ritter has suspended work for a
short vacation. We look forward for his re-
turn. His work has been an inspiration as
well as a benefit to the entire reservation. We
note with interest a marked improvement of
the Zunis. E^ncouraged by the presence of a
full reservoir they are manifesting a keener
are busily engaged quarrying stone to be used
in the construction of several new cottages to
be built in the near future.
Mr. C. A. Griffin, stockman, has been repair-
ing telephone lines between here and Gallup
during the past week.
Noble Thompson, ex-Carlisle pupil, has been
delivering wood at the school. He says that
he is getting to be an expert with the axe.
Disciplinarian Kaney has organized a ball
team and expects to develop some good players.
The boys are taking great interest in the sport.
Roy W. Nelson, teacher, says that he is
pleased to see the pleasant summer days com-
ing on, so that he mav demonstrate his ability
on the tennis court.
Grover LK>ng, formerly of Lower Brule,
Zuni Dam, Zuni, New Mexico.
interest in their farms than they have ever be-
fore experienced. Many new farm implements
have been purchased from the government,
and the skill with which they are used is quite
gratifying.
The Zunis have begun their spring plowing.
Supt. R. J. Bauman and Chief Clerk Fuller
have just returned from Gallup, New Mexico.
Mr. Fuller escorted eleven students from this
reservation for enrollment in the Albuquerque
Indian school. They both reported an enjoy-
able trip.
Miss Steele of Lawrence, Kansas, has been
appointed to the position of teacher at the Zuni
day school and reported for duty February 13.
She is pleased with the work and location.
Mr. John Marshall, head farmer, and detail
South Dakota, has been reinstated in the serv-
ice and has been appointed ^o the position of
farmer at this school. He is pleased with the
location and work.
Miss Trammell, principal teacher, is giving
special attention to the subject of "Citizen-
ship,'* and the pupils are making rapid pro-
gress in this work.
The new dormitory, recently constructed,
has been filled with pupils transferred from
the Zuni day school. The enrollment at the
boarding school is now 112 pupils.
Mrs. Marshall, teacher, has been the fortu-
nate one in drawing all the new pupils recently
enrolled. However, she is equal to the occa-
sion and the pupils are making rapid progress.
The employees and students enjoyed a very
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Febmarv 28. 1914
113
pleasant social evening at the usual Friday
ceiiidg gathering. Musicians were secured
from Atarque for the evening. All are look-
ing forward to the next social gathering,
February 27.
Mrs. Delia Lree, the mess cook, prepared a
delicious dinner on January 31, in honor of S. L.
Fuller, it being his birthday. Another dinner
was prepared on February IS, in honor of the
little son of Supt. and Mrs. R. J. Bauman.
The great feature was a beautiful cake with
their initials engraved thereon. The em-
ployees are very sorry that their birthday
comes but once a year.
Chaves for well casing. As he was sitting on
the front bolster of his wagon he was evidently
kicked in the head by one of the horses he
was driving. He fell oflF and one foot caught
in a brace of the running gear and he was
dragged more than one hundred yards. His
skull was crushed and he died within an hour
after the accident. Both were given a Chris-
tian burial in Cedar Ridge cemetery. Rev. Mr.
Muysken conducting the services.
Rock for laundry, shops and barn is now
being quarried. The material has been pur-
chased and the Navaho stone masons will soon
begin the construction of same.
Sand Painting by Navaho Indians. Made Under the Direction of a Medicine Man,
Pueblo Bonito, Crownpoint, New Mexico.
Pueblo Bonito Sehool, Crownpoint,
New Mexico
By Special Correspondent.
Mr. and Mrs. Chester Arthur are the proud
parents of a baby girl. The little tot, born
Jan. 28, already answersto the name of Gladys.
The mother is in a critical condition due to
various complicated maladies. Miss Rosbach
of Rehoboth Mission is assisting in her care
and all hope for return of her good health.
Two fatal accidents occurred within less
than a week, which enshrouded all in a wave
of sorrow. The first victim was the 9-year-
old son of Hosteen Nez Bega, who fell over a
ledge, fracturing his skull on a rock. Death
ensued before Doctor Lewis could give him
attention. The other was Venecio Castillo,
who with two other Indians was going to
The artesian well is flowing 900 gallons per
minute.
Mr. Rowland Curry of Welton, Ariz., has re-
ported here and is now on duty as stockman in
district 2.
Mrs. Mary Lydy of Kingman, Ariz., is ex-
pected to arrive the 18th to take up the duties
of matron.
Bids are now in order for the construction
of three dormitories and will be received at the
Indian Office until March 19, 1914.
Stockman C. M. Goodnight, who holds a dep-
uty special officer's commision, has the scalp
of four Gallup bootleggers in his belt.
Mrs. Robinson i-* preparing a special pro-
gram for Washington's birthday.
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JTie Native American
Gen. H. F. Robinson, superintendent of
irrigation, is pleased with conditions that seem
favorable for more artesian wells. He spent
three days with Superintendent Stacher in
looking over the field.
Jacob Morgan is expected to take up the
duties of industrial teacher at an early date
and he will be right at home with the band.
A stock and Indian art exhibit is an-
nounced in connection with the celebration
July 3rd and 4th, to be held at the agency.
Stewart, Nevada
By Special Correspondent .
Mr. Gray, from the Fort Bid well school, Cal-
ifornia, paid us a visit last Sunday. He reports
many improvements being underway there,
among them being a water power plant and
electric lighting system. New buildings are
planned, and the school is growing under the
capable management of Superintendent Fuller.
Special Agent Asbury of Reno left Tues-
day night for Washington, D. C, where he has
been called to attend a conference of inspecting
officials.
While in Reno, Tuesday, Superintendent
Mortsolf met Special Agent John F. Murray
who is at present visiting government day
schools of Nevada and California. Mr. Murray
recently spent a month in the schools of New
Mexico and Arizona, and is very enthusiastic
over the good work being done there.
The girls* building is receiving the begin-
ning touches of what promises to be a complete
renovation. The girls' sitting room is being re*
painted and kalsomined, and from there the
good work will spread to other rooms, as after
one part is improved the other parts will look
all the worse in comparison. Part of the work
will be done by the girls themselves.
Harry Sampson, printer and bandmaster, re-
signed this week to accept employment else-
where.
It is reported in the newspapers that the
school building at the Round Valley reser-
vation, California, was burned last week, the
total loss being $20,000. The fire is supposed
to have been of incendiary origin.
Judge McGovern, of Hoboken, N. J., is treat-
ing boy cigarette smokers by swabbing their
mouths with nitrate of silver. After each treat-
ment the patients are given gentian roots to
chew and are placed on a health diet. Neither
the **cure" nor the "clinic'* are original with
Judge McGovern, but he is the first to secure
the co-operation of public schools in the admin-
stration of the remedy.
Truxton, Arizona,
Bv Special Correspondent.
The children intend to write their essays on
citizenship soon.
The teachers gave a Valentine social for the
children and employees Saturday evening,
Feb. 14. The chapel was profusely decorated
for the occasion. One interesting feature of
the evening was a spelling contest. The boys
spelled against the girls and the score was
four to four.
Mr. and Mrs. Shell, Mr. Maxwell and family,
Mr. Stallard and family, and Dr. and Mrs.
Riggs attended the surprise party at Crozier
recently for Mrs. Hartan.
Mr. Ferris is now employed at the school.
Miss Sinnard received a painful injury re-
cently. When going through a door, a brick
fell on her head. The injury was not serious.
Dr. and Mrs. Riggs have been victims of la-
grippe for a few days.
Mr. Stallard and family, Mr. and Mrs.
Peacore and John Savorias took a pleasure
trip to the silver mine near Hackberry on Sun-
day.
Nett Lake, Minnesota
Bv Special Correspondent,
Indian day school Number 82 burned on the
night of February 10. The fire was discovered
about 11 p. m. Heroic efforts were made to
save the building, but it was past saving when
the fire was discovered. It had been so in-
tensely cold for several days that even the
water in the government wells was frozen and
the pump was frozen in the school well. Most
of the fire extinguishers had frozen by the side
of the stoves in the houses where each was
kept charged. The thermometer stood at 52
degrees below zero at the nearby town of
Tower that night, according to published
weather reports from that place. The fire
had gained such headway it was impossible
to go near enough to it to use the fire extin-
guishers that were in working condition.
When discovered the fire was consuming the
kitchen and sewing room, had burned through
the wall and was running back in the garret
over the school room, and smoke was issuing
in great volumes from the garret window at
the opposite end of the building.
The lunch supplies for the school, also the
goods and supplies (ready made clothing and
material to be made into clothing) to be issued
to the children were also stored in the build-
ing and practically everything burned, even
the school books. The total loss will aggre-
gate between six and seven thousand dollars.
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Februaro 28, 1914
115
As a result of the fire seventy-three chil-
dren will have very poor school accommoda-
tions until a new plant can be erected. A part of
the children will be taught in the old log
school building that was used before the new
plant was erected last year. The assistant
teacher's pupils will used the abandoned store
room of J. C. Clark and company as a school
room temporarily. Efforts are being made to
get a new plant erected to replace the one
burned before the close of this fiscal year.
The burning of the school building is a mys-
tery. There had been no fire in the building
after four o'clock. The fire started in the
kitchen, but the cook stove was taken out of
the room in a cold condition (it was the only
stove in the room) by the firefighters. When
the firefighters broke open the room they
found that the wood box had burned and the
floor had burned beneath it but the rest of the
floor in the room had not burned. From this
woodbox the fire had run up the wall and had
attacked the sewing room above the cook room.
How a fire could have gotten into the woodbox
seven hours after school had closed and every
one had left the building and seven hours
after all fires Jhad been out in the building is
a mystery.
Advertisements are now out for the erection
of employees' quarters at No. 86, a hospital, an
acetylene gas-lighting plant, sewer system,
and plans are approved to put in an extensive
water system. A deep well is to be dug (or
water taken from the lake), a large tank is to
be used and water is to be supplied not only
for the government buildings but to the town
as well. Besides the above, an engine for the
sawmill has arrived at Orr station for this place
and other parts of the mill are expected soon.
Lower Brule, South Dakota
Bnde Bustler
Mr. Gilliam has been looking after the ice
harvest. The blizzard, which came along the
fifth, sixth and seventh, put the gang out of
business, but they are at it again. The *'ice
maker" had things down to **35 degrees below"
the morning of the seventh.
For instance, the other day our new boiler
bursted. The new engineer, Mr. Griffith, and
R. A. Keylock, the farmer, tackled the job,
took the boiler apart, took out the broken sec-
tion and put the thing back together again,
only to find when they went to fill it with water
that the stand-pipe had frozen, and a few
other things, of course, had to happen.
Well, these fellows worked 36 hours at one
pull and put things in shape, full steam ahead,
before we could get them to quit and go to
bed.
Our school met with a great loss on the
morning of the tenth when the girls' bulding
burned to the ground, and its entire contents
were a total loss.
Mrs. Harriet May Humphreys, the matron,
deserves great credit for her presence of mind
and prompt attention to business. Mrs. Hum-
phreys sent one of the girls, Phoebe Spotted
Bull, to sound the fire alarm, and then
marched all the girls out of the building over
to the school dining room.
The fire started in the furnace room under
the girls' building, where a new heating system
had been installed but a few months and was
probably caused by an explosion of gas in the
fire-box which set the chinney on fire and at
the same time set the entire furnace room in a
blaze.
Henry Driving Hawk, Dismount Thrice.
Herbert Flute, Van Kennedy and other
neighboring Indians gave good assistance and
with the employees did all that could be done
to save life and property.
Mr. and Mrs. James G. Evans arrived on the
second. Mr. Evans is our new school princi-
pal. He has had over seven years, experience
in the Indian Service, and comes to us well
recommended. Mr. and Mrs. Evans are the
kind of people who talk little and **do big."
Ganado, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
Rev. R. Piatt has had a bell placed in the
belfry of the Presbyterian church at this
point and since it has been pealing forth to the
surrounding country the audience at the church
services has increased, as the Indians are not
always aware as to time and do not know the
exact time to assemble. On hearing it it re-
minds us of the selection: "The Creed of the
Bells"—
"How beaatifal is the sound of the Sabbath bells!
Each one its creed in music tells;
In tones that float upon the air.
As soft as son^ as pure as prayer."
The grippe has been prevalent in this vi-
cinity for several week. Nearly all the mission
workers, school children and people in the sur-
rounding country have been more or less af-
flicted with the malady.
Mr. and Mrs. John Wetherill, Kayenta, Ariz-
ona, were recent visitors at Hon. J. L<. Hub-
bell's. They were on their way to Gallup and
Albuquerque.
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116
The Native American
The engineers at the Government dam and
ditch are pushing the work along. They are
now in sight of the mission buildings and
have a force of about fifty men at work.
Charles and Rollin Baldridge have been using
the autos recently, as the roads are becoming
more favorable for their use, although the mail
is still carried by teams.
Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Karrigan of the Corn-
fields are away on a visit. Roman Hubbell is
conducting the store in their absence.
James James and Delia Tallman were mar-
ried February 1, as were also John McCabe
and Fannie Silchee February 15, Rev. C. N.
Piatt officiating on each occasion.
The Indian — Personal vs. Property.
(CoDtinaed from page 109).
2. Know tbe value and possibilities of your
allotments, for this is the means of your sup-
port and your weapon for self-defense
against the grafter, the thief and the robber.
In connection with this thought, I desire to
relate a personal experience. "How many
of you have seen your allotments?** I asked
my school of one hundred and twelve Choc-
taw boys, ranging from eight to twenty-two
years of age, many of whom were orphans.
Nine indicated they had. "How many have
seen your patents,** was asked; six indicated
they had. These instances reveal very prob-
ably the lack of interest in, and appreciation
of, the value of their land, and a condition
largely responsible for the insidious system
of land grafting operating in Oklahoma.
3. Pupils should be taught to respect work
and to believe that it is dishonorable and
cowardly to be idle. They should believe
that they have no right to live by the sweat
of the other fellow's brow. 4. Do something
and do it the very best you can until you
can do better. 5. Be a producer and not a
drone. 6. The world needs men who. can
and will do something well. 7. Let them be
constantly impressed that school days are
their opportunity for life, their training
ground for the future, their chance to do
something for themselves and for their people
at home.
It should be the purpose and the hope of
the schools, and all others who deal with
Indians for that matter, to teach by precept
and example the fundamentals of education
and citizenship, to stimulate interest in al-
lotments, equipping them as far as possible
for intelligent occupation and operation of
their farms, to encourage independence and
the willingness and ability to assume the
responsibilities of life, thus removing in great
measure all possible barriers to the Indian's
progress toward independent and self-sup-
porting American citizenship.
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MY CREED
I^vould be true, for there are those <who
trust me;
I <would be pure, for there are those
<who care;
I would be strong for there is much to
suffer;
I <u}ould be bral>e, for there is much
to dare*
I <would be friend of all — the foe — the
friendless;
I would be giving, and forget the gift;
I <would be humble, for I know my
<weakness;
I <would look up — and laugh — and
love^and lift*
— Howard Arnold Walter
OeSIONSO BY JOHNNY C. BROWN, PIMA, PRl N T KR-APPR EN T|C«.
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Commissioner Cato Sells Greeting CfflEF Washee, Arapaho; Howung Water, Cheyenne; and
Alfrich Heap-of-Birds, Cheyenne.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE"'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
iiiLiii
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume /5 Search 7, 1914 ^txmber W
Home Building.
By Oliver Romanoee, Cheyenne, Sixth Grade, Age 19.
I live on a Cheyenne and Arapaho reservation. The land on my reservation has all
been allotted to the Indians and white settlers, but I expect to have a portion of my
father's allotment.
While I am in school I will try to learn all I can, both in academic and industrial work.
After leaving school I will work at my trade for a few years, and I expect to receive good
wages. I will save part of my earnings and deposit them in a bank, and at the same time
I will make little improvements on my allotment from my earnings.
After I have earned enough money to build a home, I will go out on my allotment
and in selecting the site for the home I will choose the place where the elevation of the
land is greater than the surrounding field, so that when it rains the water will run off and
will not stand about the house, and also nearest to the natural water supply, to the road
and to the telephone.
After having selected the site for the home I am ready to build a good comfortable
and sanitary house. Then I will go to an architect and tell him to help me out in the
planning of a house. I would like the plan for a four-room house with good roof, good
floors, and plenty of windows to let in the fresh air and sunshine to kill or drive out the
disease germs, especially those of tuberculosis, and screen windows to keep out the dan-
gerous flies; a small porch in front and a large screen porch at the back. In the house I
will have a living room, two bedrooms, and a kitchen. Out in the yard I will plant some
grass, and trees to give shade during the warm weather. I will have a cellar made where
the butter and milk and preserves will be kept, and I will also have a well drilled near by^
80 that the water for different purposes will be handy.
In the back yard I will have a plot of ground for a garden in which I will plant some
vegetables, such as potatoes, onions, tomatoes, cabbages, radishes, turnips, beans, peas.
I will also plant an orchard with different kinds of fruit trees, such as apple, peach,
plum, cherry and apricot trees, and from the fruit that I gather I will make all kinds of
preserves.
Down in the lower place I will built my bam and barn lots where I will keep the hay,
grain and stock, and where the filth of the stock will not flow into the well. I will try to
raise the best of stock in horses, cattle and hogs.
Part of the land I will put into cultivation and the rest I will use for grazing. I will
put in the cultivated fields corn, alfalfa, oats, and other grain. I expect to receive good
profits from the products and from the profits I will make improvements in my home and
on my allotment
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The Native American
Cotton
Cora Rhoadet, Maricopa, second gradt, age 12.
Cotton is a plant that needs a warm climate
and a dry soil. Cotton grows in a little
green pod no bigger than a peach. There
are many kinds of cotton. The name of the
cotton that we have at our school is the Egyp-
tian. It is the best that is raised.
After it has been picked, it is taken to the
cotton gin at Glendale. The seeds are taken
out when the cotton is taken to the gin. The
fat is taken out of the seeds, then made in-
to cottolene. The seeds are then used as food
for the cattle. It is then put up in bales and
shipped to other states where there are large
mills and it is made into thread, rope, and
cloth.
Seven-eighths of all the cotton used in the
world is grown in our country.
Russia in Asia
Paper in geography by TMrza Mountain, Arapaho. age 19,
seventh grade A class,
Russia in Asia is in the northern part, and
its area is 6,207,662 square miles. Its three
climatic belts are the tundras, forests and
the steppes. The tundra belt in the northern
part is too cold for any vegetation and the
ground is frozen a good part of the time.
In the forest belt next to the tundras we find
fur bearing animals such as fox, sable and
ermine. The only people are lumbermen and
hunters. In the northern part of the steppes
herding is the chief industry and cattle,
sheep and camels are raised. In the south,
although dry farming is used in agriculture,
we find on the oasis corn, fruit, tobacco,
^cotton, hemp and the silk worm.
The population numbers 24.889,000, and
the races are Russian, Chinese and the
natives.
Russia has been known in the past as the
place for exiles, and for gold and other min-
erals, although but little has been done in
mining. Asiatic Russia is ruled by the czar.
The four divisions are Bokara, Turkistan,
Khiva and Siberia.
The two reasons why Russia in Asia has
not advanced are poor government, and the
lack of transportation. There were no rail
roads until recently, and the rivers are not
navigable in the south, while in the north
they are frozen. The government is too
hard on the people, so they do not advance
much in anything.
The most valuable improvement is the
railroad which has been built clear across
Siberia. Its length is about four thousand
miles and connects Siberia with Europe.
As Russia had no seaport, she went down
into China and got one with little or no trou-
ble. But she wanted to get a little farther
down into China, and this time China re-
fused and started a war, and Russia was
defeated.
Two cities of importance in Siberia are
Irkutsk and the seaport Vladivostok. In
Turkistan, we find Tashmend, and Tiflis, al-
though in Europe, is between the Caspian sea
and Black sea, but belongs to Russia.
U. S. Civil Serrice Examioatioii
SHOE AND HARNESS MAKER (mALe)
March 30, 1914
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exami-
nation for shoe and harness maker, for men
only. From the register of eligibles resulting
from this examination certification will be
made to fill a vacancy in this position in the
Indian Service, in the Cherokee school. North
Carolina, at $660 a year, and vacancies as
they may occur in positions requiring similar
qualifications, unless it is found to be in the
interest of the service to fill any vacancy
by reiiistatement, transfer, or promotion.
For the specific vacancy mentioned above
unmarried eligibles without dependents are
desired.
Competitors will not be assembled for
examination, but will be rated on physical
ability and training and experience.
For further information write the Civil
Service Commission, Washington, D. C.
Mr. Kearney has been quite ill at the East
Farm the past several weeks.
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March 7, 1914
121
Students* Conference
Our returned students' conference will be
held during the first week in April instead
of Commencement Week. It is not practi-
cable for the young men and women to leave
their work during the month of May and it
is hoped that a much larger attendance can
be secured by having the meetmg before the
spring work has become pressing. Athletic
sports have been made a feature in connec-
tion with the conference and it is believed
that the weather early in April will be
more pleasant for these sports than later in
the season. The juni-
or declamation con-
test, one of the most
interesting eventsof
the year, will be held
on Friday night fol-
lowing the confer-
once and those pre-
sent will have the
pleasure of attend-
ing this prize speak-
ing contest.
A base ball tour"
nament will be held
during the week and
it is expected that
teams will enter
ftom all the nearby
reservations.
The five-mile race is open to all who have
not participated in any A. A. A. or profes-
sional competition.
Teams wishing to enter the baseball
tournament should write to us at once. All
ontries must be made on or before March
25th. Cash prizes will be awarded the win-
ners in baseball and the five-mile race.
There are many Indian men and women
living in the Salt river valley who are doing
very well and it is hoped that they will ar-
range to attend the conference and aid in
making it pleasant and profitable. If you
have been successful, tell others about it.
The invitation is extended to students of any
school as well as others who are interested
in Indian education. A special invitation is
extended to the employees of other schools
and agencies as well as mission workers.
Tuesday, March 31.
2 p. m.
—Baseball.
7 p. m.
— Band concert.
Wednesday, April 1.
9:00 a. m.— Retuned students' conference. |
2:00 p.
m.— Baseball.
8:00 p.
m. — Junior contest rehearsal.
Thursday, April 2.
9:30 a.
m.— Athletic sports.
2:00 p.
m. — Five-mile race.
3:00 p.
m. — Baseball.
8:00 p.
m. — ^Returned students' reception.
Friday, April 3.
7:30 p.
m. — Band Concert
8:15 p.
m. — Junior declamation contest.
Mr. and Mrs. Oliver and their guest, Mrs.
Fales, enjoyed a trip to Granite Reef this
week with Phoenix friends.
Mr. and Mrs. R E.
Cherrick have been
transferred from
Dulce, New Mexico,
to Bimey, Montana,
the teachers' quar-
ters at Dulce day
school having burn-
ed December 14. Mr
Cherrick says they
regretted leaving
the Apaches with
whom they had
worked for three
years,
Mary Pancho, an
outing girl in Tuc
son, arrived at the
school this week to
visit her brother, Francisco Joseto, who has
been quite ill with pneumonia.
Charles Wakefield Cadman, the noted com-
poser of Indian music, visited the school
Wednesday and talked to the pupils assem-
bled in the chapel shortly before noon. Mr.
Cadman and his mother were guests of Miss
Fowler and Mr. Stacy at luncheon, other
guests being Mrs. Hawes, Mrs. C. F. Ains-
worth. Miss Osborne, Mr. and Mrs. P. 0.
Brewster, of the city, and Superintendent
Goodman and wife of the school.
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The Native American
*J"an Carto^t ^iie
A matter of great importance to those in-
terested in the conservation of the natural re-
sources of the new State of Arizona has been
settled by the report of the Board of Army
Engineers appointed by the Secretary of War
for the purpose of determining the feasibility
of the construction of a dam and reservoir
site near the box canyon, on the Gila river,
in the San Carlos Indian reservation.
The Box Canyon dam site has been the
subject of controversy for many years, and
the fact that the report of the army engin-
eers shows clearly that the construction of
the dam and adjacent reservoir is feasible
will undoubtedly be the basis for liberal Con-
gressional appropriations for the construc-
tion of the project.
An eminent engineering authority, one of
the best known irrigation engineers in the
United States, has said in connection with
this project that, considering the imusual
fertility of the silty soil of the Gila valley,
its constant renewal by fresh silt, and the
wonderful range of products in that climate,
it is certainly conservative to say that with
an assured water supply, such as might be
had with the San Carlos reservoir storage,
the settlement of land under this project
would add approximately $22,500,000 to
the wealth of ^jizona
A study of the controversy over this dam
and reservoir site shows clearly how, even
in this day of organization and interdepend-
ence of men upon the judgment of one an-
other, the clear thmking of one man, filled
with determination, force of character, sure-
ness of purpose and vision, preserved this
future garden spot to Arizona.
In 1910 the Southern Pacific railway
company sought to acquire under existing
laws a right of way to improve the grade of
its line along the Gila river and across the
San Carlos Indian reservation, in such a
way and under such conditions that if once
procured it would have probably forever
blocked the construction of this dam and
reservoir.
This application, bearing no ear marks of
its far-reaching possibilities to the future of
Arizona, was started on the cut and dried
course prescribed by the red tape of depart-
mental regulations and procedure. In due
time it found its way into the Indian OflSce.
It was examined upon its journey with great
care by critical clerks and oflScials to see
that it was in proper form, that the correct
number of maps accompanied it and all simi-
lar matters had been attended to.
It drifted upon its devious way through
various clerks and oflScials and bureaus
with api)roval until it came to the hands of
Edgar B. Meritt, then law clerk of the In-
dian OflSce and now Assistant Conmiissioner
of that Bureau.
Mr. Meritt has a faculty of digging into
things pretty thoroughly before he passes upon
them, and in his delving he noticed that cer-
tain citizens of Arizona felt that the land
crossed by the proposed right of way of the
Southern Pacific railway company could be
much better used as a reservoir to irrigate
the surrounding country than as a desert dec-
orated by a railroad grade and that it seem-
ed to them that green, productive fields were
more valuable in Arizona than the leveling
of a hill on the line of the Southern Pacific
railroad.
This was enough to start Mr. Meritt think-
ing. A search of the governmental reports
showed that the box canyon had once been
considered as a possible reservoir site which
might water thousands of acres of land.
Some engineering diflSculties had been raised
which, while they caused the abandonment
of the project, did not prevent the flow of
the life-giving water of the Gila at this point.
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March 7. 1914
123
nor did they show clearly the impossibility of
the construction of a dam which would
store water for the irrigation of the surround-
ing country.
Mr. Meritt argued that the possibilities of
the great irrigation project dreamed of for
Arizona were more valuable to the Indian
and to the white man than the improved
grade to the Southern Pacific railroad, not-
withstanding the adverse recommendations
of high oflQcials and two bureaus of the
government.
Having argued and decided that he was
right he stuck to his position. On every
hand he met disagreement. There came a
day when the application was all but approv-
ed by the Indian OflSce when Meritt with his
back to the wall put up the fight of his life
and succeeded in holding it up.
The conservation theories of the adminis-
tration of the Interior Department then in
power were the subject of criticism and at-
tack. The administration was nervous on
the kind of questions raised by Mr. Meritt
in this case. It took some nerve to start a
scrap with a great railroad corporation. It
might have cost him his job had he given
anyone a handle to get at him, but that did
not bother Meritt. He managed to hold the
case up until the matter could be put up to
the House Committee on Indian Affairs.
This committee, through the efforts of Chair-
man Stephens, perceiving what was at stake,
immediately recommended an appropria-
tion of $15,000 for an investigation by a
Board of Army Engineers.
Some day when the project is constructed
and the produce of the thousands of acres
of land irrigated by it is being shipped out
over the Southern Pacific railroad, it will
join with the Indians and the settlers in
appreciating the debt that they owe to the
buUheadedness of the young man who knew
he was right, and who obstinately stood his
ground until he won out. The saving of the
San Carlos reservoir site by the efforts and
hard fight of Mr. Meritt is perhaps the big-
gest piece of real conservation work in the
history of the Government, and the people
of Arizona as well as the National Govern-
ment are under great obligation to Assist-
ant Commissioner Meritt for his splendid
work in saving the San Carlos reservoir site,
estimated to be worth many millions of
dollars.
Doctor Noffett in Fla^taff
Dr. Thomas C. Moffett. the noted authority
on Indian affairs, was in Flagstaff Tuesday,
on business connected with the missions on
the Navajo reservation. Several mission-
aries were also here to confer with him.
For the past several years he has been
superintendent of the Indian missions for
the Presbyterian church in the United States.
He is also president of the Indian commit-
tee of the federal council of churches.
Dr. Moffet comes to Arizona fresh from
conferences with officials of the Indian De-
partment in Washington, and expects to
spend some time investigating conditions in
the southwest and planning for a forward
movement in the cause of missions. — Coco-
nino Sun,
Papajo hdians Will SU7 in S. R V.
There are approximately one hundred
Papago Indian families who want to settle
in the Mesa section and assi£t in solving the
labor problem by working for the farmers
clearing land, digging ditches or anything
for which they are adapted. Their home ia
150 miles south of here between Maricopa
and Tucson and it is not a very inviting place
to go to at best — then, besides, they have
prospered since coming here. They have
learned how to pick cotton and they want
the job picking cotton next year. Accord-
ing to E. W. Hudson, the government experi-
mental man, they have been the key to the
cotton industry of this valley and he is very
much in favor of them staying here if they
can be provided with work. — Mesa news in
Arizona Republican.
Mr. Ward of Sacaton stayed at the school
Sunday night, returning home Monday after-
noon after transacting business in the city.
Mrs. Wittenmyer accompanied Francisco
Josito to his home, near Tucson, Saturday.
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The Nattoe American
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE OBINTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST
Mrs. Florence Perkins was at Tempe over
Sunday with friends.
«06':
A battalion drill and parade is planned for
Sunday afternoon at 2:30, and a sacred
concert by the band at 4 o'clock following
the outdoor preaching service. Visitors are
welcome.
A field matron and teacher will be sent
to San Miguel, Arizona, by the Presbyterian
board of missionaries as soon as the teacher's
home is completed. — Indian Leader.
59065
Leonard Woodall and family arrived last
week from Albuquerque and are visitors at
the home of Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Woodall.
They expect to locate in this vicinity.
dOd
The band gave one of its scheduled con-
certs Friday evening at 6: 30. This is the
first one of the Friday evening concerts since
December and was greatly enjoyed.
!906:
Frank Downing is in charge of the school
Jdtchen since the departure of Miss Brown-
lee. Mr. Downing was at one time cook at
Fort Lewis school in Colorado, but has been
working in Arizona for several years.
-d06:
Dr. Marden has received word from Saca-
ton of the death of Silas Howard, who has
been at home on leave for the past month.
Silas was troubled with rheumatism this win-
ter and was sent home to rest for a while.
He took cold during the week of rainy
weather and developed pneumonia. Silas
was an unusually good boy, and his teachers
and classmates alike are grieved to learn of
his sudden death.
Mr. Woodall made an auto trip to Roosevelt
over Sunday with four passengers, including
Miss BuUard, Miss Brownlee, Miss Phoebe
Elm, and Mrs. Fales, a guest on the campus.
They were all delighted with the wonders of
the trip.
3906J
Miss Mildred Brownlee left Tuesday even-
ing for Parker, Arizona, havmg accepted a
transfer to Colorado River school as matron.
Miss Brownlee has been here several years
and has a number of friends who wish her
well in her new field.
s90e
Jose Justamente of Tucson was a visitor
at the school recently. He was a pupil here
from 1910 to 1912 and he is now policeman
among the Papagoes of Tucson. Jose is an-
other returned student who is a credit to
himself, his people and the Phoenix schooL
Donald Goodman, who has been employed
for the past year in the Santa Fe general
oflSces at Prescott, arrived in Phoenix early
in the week. After spending a few days
visiting homefolks, he departed for the coast
where he expects to locate for the present.
i906
Our Ganado correspondent in last wedi's
issue notes the marriage of Fannie Silchee,.
one of the brightest and best of the Navaho
girls who has ever been a pupil at Phoenix.
We all hope that Fannie will be progresave
in her own home life and make an example
for the Navaho young women of her neigh-
borhood.
«oe
Maurice D. Eisenhower, son of Mr. and Mrs*
D. H. Eisenhower of the Indian school, was
married last Sunday afternoon to Miss Bea-
trice Miller. The wedding took place at the
home of the bride's parents west of Phoenix,
Rev. J. Harvey Deere performing the cere-
mony in the presence of nearly one hundred
guests. The happy young folks will make
their home at present at the Eisenhower
cottage on the school campus, where they
are receiving the best wishes of many
friends.
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Mrs. C. E. Vaughn of Albuquerque, New
Mexico, arrived Thursday evening for a visit
with her daughter, Mrs. W.J. Oliver.
D. B.Keller, who has been employed at the
%hool the greater part of the past five months
on temporary carpenter work left this week
for his home in San Diego.
Mr. Wade and his detail began trimming
the palms Friday and the rows in front of
the main office are looking much improved.
The sewing room force has provided a gen-
erous number of individual towels for the
print shop and is now making new aprons
for the printer boys.
Employees Phoenix Indian School.
Mr. Scott visited the agricultural teacher
of the Phoenix high school Thursday in the
interest of the agricultural work at the Indian
school.
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence expect to move in-
to their new quarters the later part of next
week. The interior of the home has been
renovated throughout, a new front porch
built, and new furnishings installed.
The general entertainment in the chapel
Saturday evening was under direction of
Miss Hendrix, chairman of Committee No. 3.
The Washington-Lincoln program was given
and all those taking part did very well. As
some of the orchestra could not be present,
the band gave a number of selections.
Commissioiier Sells Refuses Pasitioa
Press despatches bring news of the offer
recently made to Commissioner Cato Sells
by the Interstate Commerce Commission,
which was looking for a man qualified to
make a physical valuation of the real estate
and terminal properties of the railways of
the country. While the salary is greater
than that of the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, and the position is recognized as
one of weighty importance to the country,
Mr. Sells prefers to remain with the Indian
Service and carry out the extensive policies
which he has mapped out.
The band gave one of its regular concerts
Friday evening in the band stand on the
campus.
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The Native American
Baseball
Track
^yiihletic^s
Swimming
Tennis
CLUB STANDING
Teams Won Lost Pep.
PhUadelphia AthleUcs 3 1 .750
Boston Red Sox 2 2 .500
Chicago White Sox 2 2 .500
New York Giants 1 3 .250
LAST WEEK'S SCORES
Boston Red Sox 5— New York Giants 4.
Philadelphia Athletics 4 — Chicago White Sox 0
NEXT WEEK'S GAMES
Monday, March 9.
New York Giants vs. Chicago White Sox
Wednesday, March 11.
Philadelphia Athletics vs. Boston Red Sox
LAST WEEK'S GAMES
By Johnson McAfee.
Since the first team had no games to play
last Saturday and no one permitted to go to-
town, the school league decided to play thei r
games sc that the first team could have plenty
of practice during the following week with
out any interference.
The day was mild and clear and every
body was feeling fresh. At 2 o'clock the
grandstand was filled and the players of the
two teams were on the field warming up for
the hard battle that was before them.
The Boston Red Sox and the New York
Giants were called to the field by the umpire
to start the games. With Quail in the box
and Atchavit behind the bat the Red Sox
were in hopes of winning.
Both teams did some good playing and
many times the score would be tied for
four or three innings. In the sixth inning the
score was 4 to 4 and when the Red Sox came
to bat in the seventh inning they scored
one more run. The Giants failed to score in
the last of the seventh inning which was
their last chance at bat. The score then
stood 4 to 5 in favor of the Red Sox.
The next game was between the Athletics
and the White Sox.
The Athletics showed from start to finish
that they were hard to beat The Chicago
White Sox, however, put up a hard battle
but it was won by the Athletics by the score
of 4 to 0.
Burke, pitcher for the Athletics, has the
easiest job of any pitcher of the four teams.
He lets them hit it and his men do the work.
The score book shows that he allowed the
White Sox only three hits out of twenty-six
times at bat while the Athletics got ten hits
off Butler out of twenty-five. Some fielding
and batting in this team.
If youdon*t know what baseball is come
out and see these teams play.
Some one has dsked when the series will
end. Well, I don't know and I don't think any-
body else does.
Tennis Notes
Tine tennis weather" is the remark heard
frequently the past week, and a number of
interesting sets have been played.
A number of the boys
are becoming expert players
and will soon be ready for
match seta A new court
has been made east of the
disciplinarian's office
where it will be convenient
for the boys. The work has
been done under the su-
pervision of Major Grinstead and Mr.
Klingenberg. The new addition gives the
school five courts.
The Phoenix players are calmly awaiting
another invitation to Sacaton to play ofiT the
postponed games.
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March 7, 1914
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We hear reports from Sacaton of some
boys approaching the professional class, and
hope they may be able to come over this
spring to play two of our boys who are
showing up well in the game considering
they are not old timers.
A five mile race, open to all who have not
participated in any A. A. A. or professional
competition, will be held in the afternoon of
April 2 as one of the features of the returned
students* conference.
Though no regular track work is being
done a quarter-mile track has been laid out
and several of the boys are doing some
practicing, by the looks of the track.
Eii{lishmeii Applaud James Thorpe
In a recent baseball game in London be-
tween the Chicago White Sox and New York
Giants, world tourists, at which the king of
England was present, "Jim" Thorpe, the In-
dian outfielder of the Giants, raised a tower-
ing pop fly in front of the plate. The Eng-
lish fans loudly applauded for the man who
could hit a ball so high.
The domestic science girls who were in
Miss Keek's department last term were
given a farewell dinner last Friday evening
and allowed the privilege of one guest
each. Dottie Webber, Nellie McArthur,
Dora Antone, Ida Richardson, Bessie Slow,
Annie Easchief and Martha Hughes were
the girls entertaining and the guests in-
cluded Miss Mayham, Miss Bidwell, Luke
and Isaac Anton, Lemuel Yukku, Johnson
McAfee, Frank Butler and Isaac Porter.
Mariano Johnson of San Xavier agency
brought in a party of Papago pupils this week.
He returned to Tucson Wednesday.
Baseball Notes
The baseball boys were given suits Thurs-
day and are getting down to hard practice.
The harnessmaker made a nice leather bag
to carry the bats and gloves in. It is a dandy
and was much needed.
Amablo Arres has been holding down his
opponents to small scores. If he will practice
control he has the making of a good pitcher.
Silas Tenigeth is holding down first like a
veteran and he is good at the bat, filling up a
big hole in the batting order.
Some of the players are practicing the fade-
away slide and are anxious to run bases to
experiment.
Lemuel Yukku is playing a good game all
around and will make some of the old players
hustle to keep their places.
George Burke, Fred Quail, Amablo Arres and
Joseph Burke are trying out as pitchers and
we will develop some Clarks or Felizes yet.
Prodencio Resvoloso and Joaquin Morales
are playing ball at Clarksdale, and are thank-
ful for what baseball they learned while at
this school.
Frank Whitman and Luke Anton are the old
players in the outfield and Ramon Garcia is
the new man in right field. He is also a good
batter, helping out the batting order.
Oscar Earl has been shifted to second base
and is playing as steadv there as he did in the
field. Charles Reynolds is at his old place at
third base, although if a better third baseman
shows up Reynolds can be shifted to the field.
We will miss Clarence Butler at short stop
but Frank is holding down the family name in
that place and, though we could use Resvoloso
behind the bat, Austin is holding down that
position like an old timer and his pegs to sec-
ond are something worth seeing.
Mr. Shafer of McDowell was at the school
Friday on his way home from Ray and Super-
ior, where he went on business among the
Mohave Apaches.
Work is progressing rapidly on the old office
building which is being fitted up for occu-
pancy of Mr. Wade, the gardener, and his
family. The house when finished will be very
attractive.
The old water tank has been taken down
and everything is in readiness for the contrac-
tors to commence work.
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The Native American-
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
m
Fifth Grade B
William Pawnee is training for the next race,
which will come sometime in March.
Fannie T. Sacapara is now working^ at the
cottage. We hope she is doing very well with
her work.
Our teacher kindly read us a story about
Thomas A. Edison. We enjoyed it very much.
We sewing room girls are starting on com-
pany D girls' dresses and we hope to get them
out soon.
The girls have changed their work this
month. I am still working at the same place
where I have worked before.
Pearl M. Manitaba said she likes to work at
the laundry, although she says her legs ache
in the nights from standing up half the day.
I received a letter from my friend sometime
ago saying that L/aura Willatouse was very
sick, but a day after Ethel Hunter got a letter
from her friend saying that she was dead.
Last week we all wrote our citizenship papers
and we hope that some of our own pupils will
g-et a prize for what they wrote.
The baseball team of the Indian school is
practicing every evening with the second team
and everybody is glad to watch the games.
James Moses is working in the blacksmith
shop learning to shoe horses. He can make
almost anything else.
The fifth B class is studying about Capt.
John Smith.
The rifle company is in fine shape now.
The mornings are not so cold now and so
the boys have begun with their setting up ex-
ercises every morning before breakfast.
We fifth grade B pupils are very glad our
teacher read a very interesting story to us. I
hope she will read us another one soon.
We fifth grade B class are going to have a
test in geography on Mexico.
The carpenter boys are very busy every
day. We are making the window frames for
the sanatorium. I hope we will finish them
this week.
The carpenter boys are very busy working
out at the East Farm helping to build more
houses.
The prize speakers this year are now busy
on their orations on which they are doing very
well, and we hope to hear some good speeches
when the time comes.
Charles Cough, one of the boys on the farm».
is getting to be a good carpenter in making
water gates for the new fieldthathas just been
sown to oats.
John Taylor is getting to be an expert horse
shoer. He expects to shoe horses during the
summer vacation. All of the seventh grade
A pupils wish him success.
The seventh grade A pupils are all busy
studying their orations for the prize speaking
contest, especially Fay Mitchell and John Tay-
lor for they are the two that lead the class in
this line.
Yesterday was a sad day for the girls at the
hospital, because Julia Patton and Lnpe Rice,
two of our jolly girls, were changed from the
hospital to house detail.
Last Sunday afternoon the service was held
outdoors for the first time this year.
We are glad to see the month of March again
on the calendar.
Seventh Grade A
Major Grinstead has been drilling the boys
of company A for the contest.
Seventh Gra4e B
We were glad to hear aboutoneof the teach-
ers making up a baseball team to play the first
team of the school.
A letter has been received from Miss L^upe
Garcia, a former student of this school; she
hopes to be with us next year.
The girls* work detail changed this month.
Susie Vapach, a sewing room girl who is doing
fine work, was not changed. She'll stay there
till school closes.
Mr. Lawrence is going to put up lockers in
the printing ofiQce so that every boy can have
his tools locked.
The school team is getting in good shape for
a game with the Phoenix High school.
Carl Lowe is improving, although he has
been very sick; we hope and do wish to see
him well again.
I suppose that all the pupils are glad be-
cause they don't have to study about citizen-
ship any more, but some one will be glad when
he or she receives a prize for the work.
A letter was received lately from a friend in
Oklahoma saying that they are having fine
spring weather there.
We were glad to finish our composition papers
on citizenship last week, because it was hold-
ing us back in our grammer.
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March 7, 1914
129
The composition writing is over and it looks
as if some of the pupils will have something
to show for the efforts they have put into the
writing of their papers.
Jose Pallan is getting to be an artist. He
«ays he can draw Mutt and Jeff as fa-jt as Mr.
Fisher.
The children from Oklahoma are going to
have a picnic on Saturday which the boys and
girls from here will enjoy very much.
L^ast Sunday the afternoon service was held
outdoors in front of the girl's building.
Ruth Williams and Gertie Smith were among
the expert cooks at the Farm Cottage when we
worked there.
Everything is beginning to be green a?ain
and we feel happy for it tells us that summer
will soon be here.
The White Citizeo's Doty
At a recent goodfellowship banquet In
Shawano, Wisconsin, H. P. Marble, assistant
superintendent of the Keshena Indian school,
made some remarks which might be helpful
if applied in any community adjacent to
Indian territory. Yiomi}^^ Shawano Count])
Advocate we take his speech in part as
follows:
•*While I do not feel it exactly my province
to *talk shop* and lecture my friends and
acquaintances, I wish I might, during the few
moments that remain to me, impress upon you
custodians of vhe future of Shawano — city and
county — that you have a very large share in
the responsibility which is too often presumed
to rest solely upon the shoulders of the individ-
ual or individuals who happen to be chosen to
administer the affairs of your neighbors — the
Menominee Indians— while they are under-
going the process of transformation from a
state of absolute dependence to that of self-
supporting citizenship. And not only have
you this responsibility, but upon your heads
and the heads of your posterity must fall the
results.
**l am not generally counted as a pessimist,
but I see a long and tedious task before you,
and it is only because of certain knowledge I
have gained through experience on other In-
dian reservations that I presume to extend
counsel in this instance.
**There are two courses for you to pursue to-
ward the Menominee. You may take a per-
sonal interest in his welfare, giving to him
that counsel and consideration you would
give a child— for he is still a child in business
matters; you may deal with him unselfishly,
giving him a dollar's worth of goods or service
for the dollar he brings you; you may insist
that he is human and that he receives at the
hands of your commonwealth the treatment
due a human being; you may make it part of
your individual business to see that his inter-
ests are protected to the same extent at least
asyou afford protection to white incompetents;
you may open to him your schools and aid in
his education, and lastly you may be absolutely
honest with him, in all of which you will be
aiding in making of him a man among men.
On the other hand, you may exploit the Indian
if you will, you may sell him the things he
does not require or need, dropping his coin as
*easy money' into the till; you may, by careless
word or through intent, instill into his mind a
spirit of discontent and rebellion against dis-
cipline and supervision; you may, without
protest, even permit the known boot-legger to
ply his nefarious traffic in your very doorway,
thus debauching a weak and defenseless
people 2nd making them easy prey for the de-
signing speculator. You may do all of these
things; they have been done by communities
adjacent to other reservations. But, take it
from me, if you do, you cannot escape the
consequences in the end. You will find that
Plymouth Rocks are not the only chickens
which come home to roost.
I^et me tell you some of the things we are
trying to do and in which we seek your assist-
ance. We are endeavoring first to protect the
Menominee from the crook, whether he is with-
out or within the fold; whether he is an out-
sider or his name appears upon the tribal roll.
We are striving to educate the oncoming gener-
ation, that the supervision now extended to
the transactions of his parents may not in his
case be necessary. We do not hope to make
farmers out of all the Menominees but we do
strive to the end that each may learn the value
of right living, of better homes, of good health
and a self-earned competency; that each may
be taught to be careful in incurring an obli-
gation— financial or otherwise — and equally
concerned about discharging it; that he may
feel he has a part in and an obligation to the
commonwealth; that he may respect more fully
his marriage and family ties, and in short realize
that upon his own shoulders mus*^ largely rest
the responsibility of his success or failure in
life."
The afternoon Protestant service last Sun-
day was held in the open air for the first
time this spring, with Rev. George Logic
giving helpful sermon.
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The Native American
m
OF GENERAL INTEREST FROM
OUR EXCHANGES
The sanatorium at Toledo, Iowa, for the
treatment of tuberculosis, will be completed
in a short time, and will be ready to receive
patients this month.
The last number of Home and School,
published at Anadarko, Oklahoma, contains
a halftone cut and a short sketch of Super-
visor William B. Freer, of the Western Okla-
homa district. Mr. Freer is well known at
Phoenix where he was principal teacher for a
year after his return from the Philippines.
Horse Chief Eagle, chief of the Poncas, is
a real progressive farmer. He has a good
farm which he cultivates well, and his home,
which cost $3,600, has every modern conven-
ience and is the third best house m the dis-
trict. His barn is also a model.
The merchants of Kingfisher, Oklahoma
are pioneers in a movement which might
pay well m various places. They have
recognized the value of Indian trade and
have fitted up two rest rooms for the com-
fort and convenience of the Indians, the field
matron and district farmer.
Notice has been received from the Indian
Office that Dr. William J. Berthier has been
appointed field dentist and detailed to report
at Red Lake. Dr. Berthier will certainly be
welcomed to the Red Lake and Cross Lake
schools where dental work is very much
needed among the pupils.— i?^(/Z.aA:^ News.
Some of the ladies on the campus are tak-
ing the course in domestic science at the
Phoenix high school on Thursday afternoons,
among them being Mrs. Lawrence and Mrs.
Scott Several ladies living m the vicinity
of the school are also taking advantage of
this course.
Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Harbold, are the pa-
rents of a fine boy which arrived Thursday
evening at the home of Mrs. Harbold*a pa-
rents. Mr. and Mrs. A. G. Mathews. Their
Indian Service friends extend congratula-
tions.
School for Deaf Indius
Supt. Henry C. White formerly of the
school for Deaf and Dumb connected with
the Arizona state university, sends us a
picture of deaf Indian girl of New Brunswick,.
Canada, who has been trained at the Sl
John's school Included also was a letter
which the girl had written to Mr. White's^
daughter who was her teacher for two years.
This picture and letter, as he says, show how^
well she has developed herself "from an un-
educated aborigine."
"Mr. White has been making strong efforts-
to secure means to found a school which
will accommodate the unfortunate Indian
children of the southwest, and says in hi&
letter:
"What has been done in the case of this
girl ought to encourage us to take up the
same work for the unfortunate deaf Indian
of the southwest."
Death of Hoopa Pupil
The death of Lester Dowd occurred Tues-
day evening at the sanatorium. His case
had been considered hopeless for more than
a year, but everything possible was done by
doctor and nurse to make his last days com-
fortable. Lester was a Hoopa. He had no par-
ents, and his remains were interred at Phoe-
nix after a brief service at the chapel in
town.
Papago Sajoaro National Noniimeat
President Woodrow Wilson issued a pro-
clamation this week setting aside Papago
Saguaro national park for the purpose of
preserving in their natural state the products
of the desert. The favorite picnic spot of
Phoenicians know as Hole-in-the Rock is
practically the center of the tract which in-
cludes 2,050.43 acres.
Thuty pupils from Oklahoma and four
from the Dakotas, representing ten tribes
among them. Arapahoe, Creek. Pawnee, Otoe,
Sioux, Cheyenne, Wichita, Osage, Sac and
Fox, Commanche, are holding a picnic to-
day north of the Arizona Canal.
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March 7, 1914
131
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHBORS
AND CO-WORKERS
Flandreau, South Dakota.
Weekly Review.
Mrs. Hazon left for Toledo, Iowa, Tuesday,
•where she takes up the duties of housekeeper
;at the Sac and Fox sanatorium.
Two more Indian school fires are reported
this week, one at Round Valley, California
loss about $20,000, and the other at Nett Lake'
Minnesota, loss about $4,200.
Mrs. Donna Connor, of Waterbury, Illinois
has been appointed teacher here, with instrucl
tions to report March 1. She will take up
the seventh grade room now temporarily in
charge of Miss Tena Pendergast
Chemawa, Oregon
Chemawa American.
The student body and teachers of this school
extend hearty congratulations to the boys of
Haskell Institute for the united stand they
have taken in stamping out the use of tobacco
in their school.
Perhaps in no other place in the "States*' is
there greater rejoicing over the Congres&iona^
appropriation of money for building Alaskan
railroads than in the Indian school at Che-
mawa, where about two hundred and twenty
Alaskans are in attendance. A number of
these young people met in the domestic
science building one evening soon after the
news was spread to celebrate the joyful event.
The rooms where the guests were accomo-
dated were artistically decorated with Alaskan
curios and pennants. An appropriate program
given during the evening by the company in-
cluded **Reminiscencesof Home, ** "First Im-
pression of Railways and Telephones,** "Native
Songs,** and some late popular songs. The
Alaskan orchestra, of which there are five mem-
bers, rendered selections at intervals during
the evening. Incidentally, one of the objects
of the gathering was to honor the sixteenth
birthday of Anna L^oftus, one of Alaska's
popular daughters and a pupil of the school.
With delicious refreshments, jokes, stories
and hearty good wishes for Miss Loftus, time
passed quickly and eleven o'clock arrived all
too soon. Good nights were reluctantly said
and the guests departed, each one bearing
the memory of a delightfully informal occa.
sion and a deeper pride in Alaska.
Several varieties of roses are still blooming at
diiferent places on the campus. New leaves
are out on many of the low bushes. So far the
winter has been very mild and roses have been
blooming since last April.
There are now 1200 volumes of carefully
selected books as well as the leading magazines
in the library, which is increasing daily in
favor with the students.
AMOS B. ILIFF.
Mr. Amos B. IliflF, superintendent of indus-
tries at Chilocco, died at a private hospital
in Rochester, Minnesota, on February 17, at
the age of fifty-nine. Mr. IliflF had not been
well for some time and finally decided to go to
the famous hospital in Rochester, where he
was operated upon. The ope ration was con-
sidered successful and he lived for fifteen
days succeeding it, but the disease was of
such a nature that recovery was impossible.
Mrs. IliflF went with him to the hospital and re-
mained there. Their son, Joseph, who is an
employee in the Indian school at Wahpeton,
North Dakota, was also with his father when
death came.
Mr. IliflF was born near Indianapolis, Indiana,
February 13, 1855. He came to Kansas with
his parents in 1869. They settled on a farm
near Vinland. His early life was spent there
assisting his father in carpentry. On Sep-
tember 17, 1889, he entered the Indian Service
as carpenter at Haskell Institute. After hav-
ing that work for several years he was pro-
moted to the position of superintendent of in-
dustries, which place he faithfully filled.
After some years he received a promotion to
the Fort L^ewis Indian school, Colorado, as
assistant superintendent. Later he was an
employee in the Phoenix school and for sever-
al years has been at Chilocco. He was an up-
right, consistent Christian and his cordial,
friendly disposition won many friends for him
in every place he lived. Mrs. IliflF, the son,
aged father and brothers have the sincere,
sympathy of friends throughout the Service.
The funeral service was held in the little
Methodist church Mr. IliflF helped to establish
in his home town, Vinland. Although the day
was stormy and disagreeable a large number
of friends were in attendance. The floral oflFer-
ings were beautiful. The Chilocco employees
sent a magnificent wreath supported by an
easel and old friends at Haskell a large pillow
formed of exquisite blossoms. — Indian Leader,
Mr. IliflF was superintendent of industries at
Phoenix school for a short time and his death
will be regretted by those who worked with
him at that time.
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132
The Native Americarf
RosTKR OF Employees, Piioexix Ixihan School
C. W. Goodman,
Jacob Breid,
William J. Oliver,
Bess M. White,
Florence A. Perkins,
L/Uther Steward,
Phoebe Elm,
A. E. Marden,
L/Ouisa A. Wittenmyer,
Louise C. Bidwell,
Mary K. Gill.
E. P. Grinstead,
SCHOOI,
Superintendent
Assi:»tant Superiniendent
Chief Clerk
Clerk
Clerk
(temp.) Clerk
Office Assistant
Phyaican
Nurse
Nurse
Housekeeper
Disciplinarian
Hans B. Klingenberg, Assistant Disciplinarian
P. A. Venne, Band Instructor
Fred T. Bourne, Nightwatchman
Carroll L/. Scott, Principal Teacher
Gussie S. Owsley, Senior Teacher
Anna B. Gould, Teacher
Pearl M. Moon, Laundress
Marguerite Krebs, (temp.) Assistant Laundress
Katherine L. Keck, Domestic Science Teacher
Mary E. Chiles,
Anna C. Bullard,
Betty W. Diven,
Frank Downing,
Jose L/ewis,
Asa D. Hammock,
Beverly M. Wade,
James N. Kearney,
Teacher Housekeeping*
Teacher Housekeeping-
Diningroom Matron
(temp.) Cook
Baker
Farmer
Farmer
East Farm Gardener
Joshua Morris, Assistant Farmer, East Farm
Edwin A. Francis,
Joe W. Moore,
Thomas F. Percival,
D. H. Eisenhower,
John F. Krebs,
James B. Pfeifer,
Dairyman
Hostler
Carpenter
Tinner
Assistant Carpenter
Painter
Blacksmith
SEND
in your subscriptions for one year to
the NATIVE AMERICAN, it is
published weekly and contains items
of interest to people throughout the
service.
THE NATIVE
AMERICAN
is issued every Saturday throughout the
school year and is designed and printed
by the student apprentices in the print'
ing department of the Phoenix Indian
School.
S5 CENTS
Brings this magazine to you every
week. Send subscription to Native
American, Phoenix Indian School,
Phoenix. Arizona.
ALL THE NEWS
Of the Phoenix Indian school and
items of interest throughout the Indian
Service.
Mary V. Rice,
Anna W. Phelps,
Jane R. Hendrix,
Etta D. Corwin,
Hattie C. Allen,
Elsie A. McLaughlin,
Hannah M. Garton,
Jean K. Stacy,
Aletha Hardy,
Jennie L/. Gaither,
Elsa A. Mayham,
Minnie H. Posev,
Floripa Martinez,
Almira M. Fowler,
Emma E. Monroe,
Reathie Pfeifer,
EUzibeth M. Eisenho
Minnie Pike,
Esther Davis,
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
(temp.) Teacher
Matron
Girls* Matron
Assistant Girls* Matron
Assistant Girls* Matron
Large Boys* Matron
Small Boys* Matron
(temp.) Assistant Matron
wer, (temp.) Seamstress
Assistant Seamstress
Assistant Seamstress
Theodore F. Moore,
Joseph W. Terrell,
A. B. Wiley,
Everett W. Lawrence,
Walter Rhodes,
Carl Jensen,
Hugh Woodall,
Solomon Burns,
Wagonmaker
Harnessmaker
(irreg.) Mason
Printer
Assistant Printer
Engineer
Assistant Engineer
Power House Assistant
East Farm Sanatorium
Edith P. Snowden,
Grace Veits,
May Barnes,
Elvira Pike,
Tillie Chapman,
Florence Elliott,
Arthur Elliott,
Phoknix
Amanila M. Chingren, Outing Matron
Nurse
Matron
Assistant Matron
Cook
Assistant Cook
Teacher
Laborer
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h.-. I. bH Ml* bli Nt ti^l fcf to-l irj« •. fi Immi br.\
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It All Rests With You
Ifs all up to ]pou to succeed or to fail,
To sit down ana grumble or take to the trail,
To climb to the heights or to sit down supine
Far below where the rags of the morning sun shine
On the steeps. It isn't genius or talent at all
That takes a man up where the morn's voices call.
Ifs just work, and more work, and still work ad the timet
Will vou sit siill, or start out and climb?
— Author unknown.
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OCSIONKD
BY CHARl CS LAWS. PIMA, PRINTER-APPRENTICE
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■ ■ C U L; L L; L L L. L U U D ■ ■ ■
■ c □ c c c r: r. l: G G □ n B ■ ■
■ n [^ r"L_LLj"^ r r \ \ • n n n ■ ■ ■ ■
Standing, left to right—Mrs. Maria L. Baldwin, Chippewa, Clerk. Indian Office. Chas. E. E.;Dagenett, Peoria, U. S. Super-
visor Indian Employment. Francis LaFIesche. Omaha. Ethnologist. W. J. Kershaw. Menominee, Attomey-at-Law. Rev.
Sherman Coolidge, Arapaho, President, Society of American Indians. Hon. E. B. Meritt, Assistant Commissioner of Indian
Affairs. Thos. L. Sloan. Attomey-at-Law. Harold E. Bruce, Winnebago. Clerk, Indian Office. James W. Plake, PoUwatomi,
Clerk, Indian Office. Miss Lucile Parker, Choctaw, Clerk, Indian Office.
Sitting, left to right— D. H. Johnson, Chickasaw, Governor, Chickasaw Nation. Ruford Bond, Chickasaw, Tribal Attorney,
Chickasaw Nation. Hon. Robert L. Owen. Cherokee, U. S. Senator. Hon. Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Hon.
Chas. D. Carter, Chickasaw, Member of Congress. Hon. Gabe E. Parker, Choctaw, Registrar U. S. Treasury. W. W. Hastings,
Cherokee, Tribal Attorney, Cherokee Nation.
Center, sitting— Gabe G. Parker, Choctaw.
I EJ [J L J El LJ L ; ;■ .; L , L..; . i G U U □
D D □ C G D G D Q: CIJ Li n G G 1
I n g n n n n n n n n n n b ■
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iijiij
"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE"
m
P
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
^U
Volume /5
march 14, 1914
diumbtr II
What An Indian Girl Should Kno\A/.
J'
i
By Sapervieor ELSIE E. NEWTON, in Indian School Journal.
fOWADAYS it is tiardly necessary to make any distinction between what
a white girl should know and what an Indian girl should know because
there is an increasing tendency to make education for both more
practical. But all education should be aimed to meet the great
necessities of life as well as to increase the range of knowledge. The
greatest need of the Indian today is the ability to prevent the deterio-
ration and extinction of his race. Unless Indian mothers learn more of
the fundamentals of health and family living, we have not much hope that the population
of many of the tribes will increase.
Through pride of race and love of children — no people are stronger in these charac-
teristics— there is an excellent opportunity to appeal to the Indian to improve his man-
ner of living. The stock is deteriorating and the children die, chiefly because of the igno-
rance of the simplest laws of health. The home must become the agent of prevention — by
furnishing better food, obeying the laws of sanitation, guarding against infection.
What things shall we teach the future home-makers? I have grave doubts of the
value of the usual domestic science training except for such girls as have had a >iood founda-
tion in general education. The average Indian girl must be intent upon mastering the de-
tails of a new method of living, instead of the laws which govern. To be more explicit —
the white girl is born into a family which has used light bread, for instance, for several gen-
erations; when her time comes to learn how to make it she finds that the study of yeast
is not only fascinatmg but important. The Indian girl hardly knows what yeast bread is,
at home, and it is far more important that she should learn how to make it well than to
teach her the science of the process. To maintain her family, she must be able to cook
well, but a scientific knowledge of food is not necessary to support life. Those of us who
have acquired the science can teach her thoroughly how to do the proper things properly
without spending too much time on the wherefore. That can be reserved for another gen-
eration.
Cooking is of more importance than sewing, therefore more time should be given it.
A teacher of housekeeping on a reservation ought to be reasonably familiar with the food
tastes and food supply of that reservation. Among the Pueblos, for instance, the family
diet is usually good, and our chief efforts should be directed to secure cleanliness in prepa-
ration, more variety, and especially the preserving of fruit, of which they have an abundance.
To the method of curing meat by drying it on the rafters or on the fence, a better, cleaner
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136 The Native American
mode and one no less effective, should be substituted. Dishes of cornmeal, or of corn
itself, can be added to the cookery of a Pueblo girl, for corn is a large element in her
home diet.
Among most of the tribes meat, and especially beef, is the prime article. Why could not a
Sioux girl be taught how to vary beef stew, or render it better as a ration by adding vege-
tables, noodles, dumplings or some other starchy element? As an alternative there are game
and eggs, usually within the means of all Indians.
Next in importance to food for the health of the family is the proper cleansing of
towels, dishes, underwear and bed linen. The best way of doing these things, with special
reference to the economy of water and labor, and to effecting sterilization, should be studied
A Group of Indian Girls at Home.
and practiced. As the water supply on many reservations is a difficult question, and in
the majority of cases has to be carried by hand, there is little use in teaching a method of
dishwashing that depends on whole tanks full of water. Better teach a girl how to remove
all the solid particles from dishes by means of a crust of bread or a piece of paper, care-
fully saving the water, than have any lack of scalding water for rinsing; it is the scalding
that counts.
Similarly the value of soaking clothes overnight to save the amount of water used
is an excellent thing to know, besides the necessity of boiling the white clothes to make
them sterile.
Practical points in simple home nursing, including the arrangement, cleanliness and
ventilation of the sickroom; the feeding of children; the care of milk; simple sewing,
mending and darning; care of a bedroom, especially as regards ventilation; serving of plain
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March 14, 1914
137
meals; proper methods of cleaning rooms,
stoves, beds, outdoor as well as indoor toilets;
cost of materials both in cooking and sewing;
all these things are quite necessary for an
Indian girl to know. I would add that if she
were allowed to develop some skill in fashion-
ing or contrivmg household arrangements
from boxes or odds and ends of any sort, she
would be better equipped for a home with
limitations. At Hampton Institute, the girls
who are spending their last year at the school
are expected to learn how to do all sorts of
odd jobs from the soldering of tin pans to
the pegging of shoes and the making of boxes
— they are dubbed the "Gumption Class" —
and by the experience are better fitted to
cope with emergencies in their own homes.
In all household teaching there is one
principle more than any other which should
be emphasized and that is economy. Econ-
omy is only the smaller term for the big
idea of conservation. The average Indian
is not half so poor m this world's goods as
he is in the ability to care for them. Of some
natural resources such as fuel, he is saving,
but of the preservation of articles which
make for comfort, convenience and efficiency
he has little idea.
For the benefit of those who prefer to
deal with specific duties, let me enumerate
the tasks which I believe it is essential for
every girl to know how to perform properly;
there are many others which we should like
to see her able to do, but these must remain
for such time as there is left from the essen-
tials.
An Indian Girl Should Know How To
Cook
Beef in a variety of ways, and save the
bones and suet.
Eggs in several ways.
Potatoes in at least two ways.
egetables.
Cereals, especially oatmeal and rice.
Bacon and save the drippings.
Ham and salt pork and save the drip-
pings.
Beef and pork drippings for use in
cooking.
Stews and soups.
Light bread.
Corn bread, biscuits and plain muffins.
Plain cake with or without filling.
Simple puddings and plain candy.
Fruit for sauces, canning, jellies and
preserves.
Wash
Dishes so that they are sterile.
Towels so that they are sterile.
Colored clothes.
Shirtwaists.
Bed linen.
Flannels.
Diapers.
Iron
Dresses.
Shirts.
Shirtwaists.
Flannels.
Underwear.
Clean
Bare floors.
Carpeted floors.
Rugs.
Windows.
Lamps.
Toilets.
Beds.
Stoves.
Receptacles for food supplies.
Sew
Both by hand and on the machine.
Baby outfit.
Rompers.
Skirts.
Underwear, such as waists, drawers* etc.
Shirtwaists.
One-piece dresses of cotton.
Mend
Stockings.
Underwear.
Shirts.
Dresses.
Coats.
Table linen.
( Continued on page 143)
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138
The Native American
OKlcthoma 'Picnic
By Clara White Owl
Saturday was "Oklahoma Day" at the
Phoenix Indian school. All the Oklahoma
boys and girls were invited to attend a picnic,
and were chaperoned by Mrs. Diven, Mrs.
Posey and Miss Mayharo. We left the school
about one o'clock in the afternoon in two
large hayracks and journeyed to the desert.
After an hour's drive we reached the slate
mine, near Squaw Peak. Some of us desired
OKLAHOMA PUPILS ON PICNIC
Annie Lefthand, James Bent, Lacy Medidnegrass
to climb to the top of this mountain, which is
considered almost impossible, but like other
things m life we realized that our ambition
was greater than our strength, so we rested
by the wayside and watched the setting of
the sun with its ever varying lights and
shades. Nowhere in the world are the sun
sets so beautiful as on the Arizona desert.
We then returned to the camp, where Mrs.
Diven was presiding over the coffee pot.
Superintendent and Mrs. Goodman, Mr and
Mrs. Scott, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence, Mr. Stacy,
Mr. Hammock and Mr. and Mrs. Grinstead
joined us and soon we were partakmg of a
bounteous bunch of sandwiches, oranges,
apples, cakes, and ice cream which had been
provided for us. After our appetite had
been satiated we watched the moon shed-
ding its silver light over the Salt River valley,
and reminding us that it was time to go
back to our lowly cots that awaited a tired
but happy crowd of boys and gurls. We all
expressed our appreciation to Mr. Scott, the
gentlemanly, smiling principal of our school.
By Jam€9 Bent, 4th grade A, ( Uncorrected.)*
On Saturday a preparation was made for
the picnic although we had to have two
teams for there was quite a large crowd, after
dinner the teams were ready and at one
o'clock I he merry crowd journeyed out to
the slate mme to where the picnic was to
take place.
John Taylor our big 'Injun" drove one of
the teams. The teams were struggled along
than usual in order to get advantage of the
day.
About an hour later we arrived at the
spot and soon everybody was scattered
every where, the boys and gurls were on the
mountains tops gazing over the valley and
also trying see if they could see Oklahoma
from the top. They also had to watch very
closely for the thorn-like burs that growed
along the mountain side.
The later part of the day Superitendent
and Mrs. Goodman, and Mrs. Owsley drove
up to the camp in the school automobile, al-
so Mr. Hammock and Miss Mayham, and
the crowd increased.
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March 14, 1914
139
At five, well little after five the bugle
sounded for tbe assemble, and one of boys
made this remark '*Gee it sounds as though
we had a calvary out here" and soon every
body returned, but in the mean time the
table was bemg arranged by Mrs. Diven.
As the sun was setting in the west and
growing dark everybody i)artooked of the
feast. And when the feast was over we
again got ready to start back to the school,
although the night over took us, but the
moon shoned bright and made the night
look as if it was day.
We arrived at the school again all feel-
ing some what tired. But the further cir-
i^umstanes is that I hoped everybody who
attended the picnic had a delightful time.
But last of all we wish to thank Mr. Scott
for the privilege of this occasion.
*Thi8 article written and pat in type by the author as above.
Ralph Blackwater of Salt River was at the
hospital lately. He was for several years
engineer near the agency flour mill at Saca-
ton.
Hospital Notes
Margaret Enos of Salt River, and a re-
turned student of Sherman Institute, is at
school hospital for general treatment Super-
intendent Ck>e brought her to Phoenix last.
Wednesday.
Elizabeth Roberts, an outing gurl from
Blackwater, is at the hospital for treatment.
She is a graduate of the Tucson school of a
few years ago.
Dr. and Mrs. Delcher and Mr. Nelson of
Sacaton, and Mr. Baum, alloting agent for
the Pima, were callers at the school Thurs-
<lay. Dr. Delcher brought a patient for the
sanatorium from the boarding school at
Sacaton.
Clark Casey, a Mohave-Apache from
Jerome, is at the hospital to be operated on
for trachoma. He is a returned student of
the Grand Junction school where he spent
€ight years from 1894 to 1902.
Antonio B. Juan was a visitor at the school
this week.
Pelion Newman was a caller at the school
Wednesday. He is a returned student of the
Tucson school and lives m the Papago vil-
lage four miles south of Blackwater.
Sanatorium Notes
Jerry Scoffer of Sacaton and George Nada
of Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kansas, ar-
rived at the sanatorium Wednesday.
Mrs. May Barnes, assistant matron, took
the civil service examination for matron on
the eleventh.
Mrs. Florinda Arviso returned to her home
in Temecula, Cal., on Tuesday. Mrs. Arviso
entered the sanatorium in September and
was much improved in health.
The hours of school have been changed
so that the sessions are from 8 to 11:45 a. m.
and from 3 to 4:15 p. m. This change was
made so that "rest hour** from 1 to 3 p. m.
would not be interfered with.
The carpenters and laborers are progres-
ing nicely with the new buildings. The store
house is completed, the bath house and
laundry are ready for the concrete floors,
the school room is being used but is not
finished, and the frame for the addition to
the girls* pavilion is being put up. The
foundation for the kitchen and dinmgroom
is being laid. All the concrete foundations
have been put in by the Indians from Salt
River reservation, and their work has been
very satisfactory.
Superintendent Goodman, Superintendent
Mortsolf of Carson school, Mrs. E. W. Law-
rence and Mr and Mrs. M. D. Eisenhower
composed an auto party to Sacaton Friday.
A party was given by the band boys
Thursday evening at the gurls' sitting room
and a very pleasant evening was spent with
friends and visitors. A saxaphone solo was
played by Mr. Ray Winfred, who was once
a student of this school and a member of the
band. About ten o'clock refreshments were
served, and the boys said good night to then:
friends.
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140
The Native American
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GCXDDMAK Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST.
The eclipse of the moon which occurred
Wednesday evening was watched with inter-
est by the campus people.
T. F. Moore was called to his home in Fre-
mont, Ohio, Monday by the death of his
brother. Mr. Moore has the sympathy of
the school in his sad journey.
Supt. J. B. Mortsolf of Carson Indian school*
Stewart, Nevada, dropped in Wednesday
morning for a short visit at Phoenix, com-
ing over from Riverside where he has been
on official business.
Work has been resumed on the Thomas
building across from Vaughn's store. The
completion of this structure will vastly im-
prove the view from the entrance of our
^unds.
The warm spring weather is tempting
everyone toward the desert, not to mention
the fact that the moon is now riding high
and fumishmg brilliant evenings for picnic
suppers.
Mrs. Abbie Fales, who has been a guest of
her niece, Mrs. William Oliver, for the past
several weeks, left Tuesday evening for
California. Mrs. Fales was much pleased
with what she saw of Arizona.
Superintendent Goodman drove to Salt
River agency Wednesday with Supt. J. B*
Mortsolt Mrs. Oliver and her mother, Mrs.
Vaughn of Albuquerque, and Miss Mayham
made up the rest of the party.
Mrs. Wittenmyer made a trip to Tucson
last week to accompany Francisco Joseto
home. Francisco is just recovering from a
very severe attack of pneumonia.
■90&
Luke and Isaac Anton were at home last
week on account of the death of their sister,
Nancy Anton Osif. Deceased was one of the
progressive young women of the Pima tribe,
and her death is greatly to be regretted.
Miss Frances Adams arrived Wednesday
morning from Montana to take the position
of teacher left vacant by the resignation of
Mrs. McCray. She was transferred from the
Blackfeet school. Miss Adams finds the
climate here quite different from Montana*
which, however, she credits with a mild
winter as the mercury went "only to 30
below."
With the regular inspection committee to
small boys* quarters and athletic quarters
Sunday morning were Supervisor Lipps,
Supervisor Brown, and Superintendent Allen
of Chilocco. — Carlisle Arrow.
Mrs. Bettie Burton, field matron at Mount
Scott, has been transferred to the Zuni In-
dian reservation. She will move in about
a monih.—Home and School
The Washington Star says that the va-
cancy in the chairmanship of the Committee
on Indian Affairs caused by the appomt-
ment of Senator Stone of Missouri to the
foreign relations committee will probably be
filled by Senator Ashurst of Arizona. Sena-
tor Meyers of Montanais the ranking member
of the Indian Affairs committee but it is
understood that he does not wish to give up
the chairmanship of the committee on public
lands.
Louis McLean, assistant engineer at this
place, has been promoted and transferred as
engineer at Warm Springs, Oregon. — Week-
Ij; Review.
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March 14. 19 14
141
Pot III Use What Ton Have
By Supervisor J. B. Brawn in IndUan School Journal.
In our zeal for newer and better equip-
ment we often overlook useful things already
provided. In the inspection of schools it is
no uncommon experience with the writer to
find school libraries having a small but ex-
cellent selection of books, few of which have
been touched by pupils, and many with pages
uncut In fact, one book in this condition
was recently loaned to me with solemn assur-
ance of its excellence. The estimate was
correct enough, but was evidently based up-
on the first few sample pages — or on some
authentic book review.
One school recently was found to be seri-
ously in need of certain text books, when an
inspection of the warehouse showed them to
have been on hand for some weeka The
superintendent had neglected the opportunity
to connect the teacher with the issue clerk.
Many schools are sadly in need of diction-
aries of the New International type, but in
one school an excellent lexicon of this de-
scription, of recent date, was found covered
with obsolete text books and "junk" in the
principaFs book room. In more than one
instance the only up-to-date dictionary was
found in the superintendent's office. Teach-
ers and advanced pupils need this work every
day, and if there is but one it should be in
the school building.
There is no end of pleasure and profit to
be derived by superintendent and teachers
in going through the books already on hand,
merely to see what is in them that might be
used.
Mr. Cadman Entertains
Although he has but very little time to
spend in this section in the form of a vacation
this year, Charles Wakefield Cadman, the emi-
nent American composer, who has specialized
on Indian melodies, found time to arrange a
short seance recently when he recorded
Pima and Apache tribal melodies for future
use. The gathering occured in the studio of
William Conrad Mills of the Arizona School
of Music, and proved one of the most interest-
ing little musical evenings that has been held
in this city in a long time.
For the first time in their lives twenty-
three Pima Indians, who were brought in
from the United States Indian school here
for the very purpose, saw the phonograph
which Mr. Cadman uses, taking in the tones
of their own singmg, which were afterward
repeated to them, much to their delight.
This is the first time anything has been at-
tempted in reproducing the tribal songs of
the Indians hereabouts in the form of actual
music. For some years Mr. Cadman has been
studying the Indian songs in other parts of
the United States and has had most gratify-
ing and excellent success in the work he has
undertaken of making permanent the ancient
melodies of the "first Americans." The trial
recently was but a follow-up of his work.
But in view of coming concert by
Mr. Cadman, the trial was most interesting.
Of the four records taken, two Pima and two
Apache, each reproduced the chanted songs
of the races with an accuracy that leaves
httle doubt but that shortly they too will be
transposed into songs possibly as beautiful
and popular as *The Land of the Sky Blue
Water" and 'The Thunderbird Comes from
the Cedars."
For the edification of the visitors, Mr. Mills
sang one or two of the idealized songs of Mr.
Cadman, an the w^ole business was ex-
plained to them. Then the Indian students,
to shew they were not behind by any means,
sang not only their tribal songs but also in
English, surprising the folks gathered to hear
them with accuracy of their work. When
the records were taken, one of a Pima medi-
cine song and another of an Apache war
song, they were promptly reproduced. Fol-
lowmg this refreshments were served and
then more music was had. Mr. Cadman
played several of his delightful compositions
and a quartet of Indian boys sang. The girls
of which there were twelve present evinced
the greatest interest in the music, and gave
evidence of the greatest appreciation of the
composer's work. — Arizona Republican.
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142
The Native American
Baseball
Track
^yilhleiic>s
Swimming
Tennis
CLUB STANDING
Teams Won Lost Pep.
PhUedelphU Athletics 3 1 .750
Boston Red Sox 2 2 .500
Chicago White Sox 2 2 .500
New York Giants 1 8 .250
LAST WEEK'S SCORES
Philadelphia Athletics 9— Boston Red Sox 9
NEXT WEEK'S GAMES
Monday, March 16.
Boston Red Sox vs. Chicago White Sox
Wednesday, March 18.
Philadelphia Athletics vs. New York Giants
LAST WEEK'S GAMES
In the first practice game of the year,
Tuesday afternoon, the Indian School de-
feated the Phoenix High school by the score
of 4 to 0, showing the Indians are still on
the map. Burke showed up well in the box.
Of course, his faultless support gave him
confidence as Earl at second, Tenijieth at
first, Yukku at third and Butler at short,
all new men, played like oldtimers. Earl ej-
pecially playing his position with ease and
accuracy that was a joy to the grandstand.
Reynolds was shifted to the outfield and
Yukku played third like a veteran and the
change strengthens the team.
Though the High school used one of their
best pitchers the Indians hit him fully. Burke
got a single and a three-base hit, Austin a
two-base hit and nearly every one got at
least a single, showing that the boys are hit-
ting well.
Let not our victory in this practice game
spoil us. Remember last year with our strong
lineup after beating GlendaU 16 to 0 we lost
o Phoenix high, a weak team, by overconfi-
dence. Let us go after that cup. If the Nor-
mals win it the cup is theirs. This is our
last chance this season to finish ahead of
the other teams in this vicinity and keep
the Indian school in the lead.
Athletics-Red Sox Game
In a game between the Athletics and the
Red Sox Wednesday afternoon neither team
won as at the end of the fifth and the sixth
inning the score was a tie and the game had
to be called. It was a bad day for baseball
and rather fortunate for both teams that
neither won as the sand storm kept the boys
from playing their best The Athletics scored
first in the second inning, scoring four runs
on a couple of errors and few passes and a
three-base hit by Earl. They also scored three
in the fifth and two more in the sixth, mak-
ing a total of nina G. Burke pitching for
the Athletics was reUeved in the third by
Harvier as he had pitched the day before
against the High school and was hit quite free-
ly, though with good support he would have
been safe enough. The Sox scored one in
the second inning and six in the third and
two in the sixth, three hits and a few errors
being responsible for the scoring in the third.
Arres hit to Major Grinstead's cottage for a
home run in the sixth, the longest hit in
any game played on these grounds. Of
course there was a heavy wind blowing but
that is what makes baseball uncertain.
Baseball Notes
The team is showing up well and with
the practice necessary to make a good team
we ought to give the Normals a run for the
cup as we have for the last three years.
The team is thankful to the Native Ameri-
can for the way it boosts sports. We will
try to give you a reason to be proud of the
team.
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March 14, 1914
143
One feature of the Returned Students'
Conference week will be a five-mile race.
Our boys are in training for this and we hear
rumors of some goDd work being done on
the reservations. This together with two
good ball games will make a full afternooa
We hope that next week we can print
several outside entries for this race as well
as entries for the baseball games.
We will send a track team to the meet at
Tempe on the 21st While we will not be
represented in all the events, we will have
good men in the following: 100-yard dash,
220-yard dash, 440-yard dash, 880yard run,
1-mile run aad relay race. Some of our
boys are always in training for a 5 or 10-
mile run, but none of these appear on the
program. However, Mr. Venne and Mr.
Klingenberg have taken the candidates in
hand and a good team will be sent.
We need the supp3rt of all pupils and em-
ployees. The team and coach cannot do it
all
Tennis Notes
Singles seem to be in favor this week, al-
though one or two interesting sets of dou-
bles were played.
Several players from the city were noted
on the courts this week, making interesting
work for the campus players.
Miss White played Miss Swan of the High
School faculty a practice match last Tuesday,
each winning one set, 6 to 3.
Swimming Pool
The warm weather coming on makes the
boys look forward to when the swiming pool
will be filled* Some matches at the Y. M.
€. A. are looked for.
Supt C. E. Coe was over from Salt River
Tuesday on a business trip.
What an Indian girl should know.
(Continued from page 137)
Care for the sick bv
Taking temperature and cleaning the
thermometer.
Counting pulse.
Ventilating the room.
Keeping the room clean.
Giving the patient a sponge bath in bed.
Changing the bed linen with the pa-
tient in bed.
Applying compresses, bandages, poul-
tices.
Use of simple antiseptics.
Use of the enema.
Preparing simple invalid dishes.
Care for children as to
Qothing.
Bathmg.
Cleansmg the teeth
Sleeping.
Ventilation.
Feeding.
Proper cleanliness of nursing bottles.
Care of milk.
Diet for young children.
Also to
Make butter.
Select proper materials in cooking and
sewing.
Arrange and decorate a room.
Serve a meal.
Entertain a visitor
Count cost.
Death of Phoenix Graduate
News has come from Blackwater of the
death of Albert Lease Thomas, who returned
home several months ago from Haskell with
the hope of recovering his health. Albert
graduated from Phoenix Indian School in
1910. He was not very strong physically and
was persuaded to go to the reservation for a
while to build up, but he was ambitious for
further education and became a student at
HaskelL He was a boy that was well liked
in school and news of his death was the cause
of many expressions of regret among former
teachers and schoolmates.
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144
The Native American
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
sg^
Fifth Grade A
We fifth grade A pupils are writing" about
Abraham I/incoln in our room.
Harry Andrews is now working in Mr. Grin-
stead's office.
Wallace Anton is changed from the dairy de-
tail to the farm detail.
Shirley Dawahoya is getting to be a good
blacksmith. He can make horseshoes and
hammers without any instruction.
The children are all very happy because sum-
mer is coming soon and they are looking for-
ward for the time to come when they will all
be eating watermelons under the big cotton-
wood trees.
We fifth A pupils are going to have a test
in spelling some time this month.
Nellie Mc Arthur and Dottie Webber, two of
our senior girls, are now working at the indus-
trial cottage. We all hope that they will be-
come good cooks although the company A
girls are sorry to miss their captain.
Flora Quisquinaway says that she is going to
try hard so that when she goes oui of school
she can be a good cook among her family.
Sixth Grade B
Robert Burke, one of the farm boys, is doing
good carpentry work in preparing the irriga-
tion boxes.
Charley Wilson, one of the best engineers,
has received a set of books to instruct him in
his work. He expects to make a good show-
ing in a little while about his work.
The Y. W. C. A. held their meeting in the
girls' sitting room, the first meeting in three
Sundays. The subject for the meeting was
**How to Prevent Poverty."
We are all very anxious to hear the program
which Mr. Cadman, the Indian music com-
poser, will give us out here Saturday morn-
ing.
The sixth grade B pupils are studying
about the countries of Aaia.
Sallie V. Boatman is working at the indus-
trial cottage and she hopes to be a first-class
cook some day.
Amablo Arres is a great catcher. He says he
can catch just as well as **Chief Meyers'* of
the New York Giants. Philip Huya is his
pitcher, acting as **Chief Bender."
Many new buildings are being built at the
Sanatorium, including a well-equipped school
house, a laundry, and a diningroom.
We farm boys are nearly through with our
work on the farm. The grain is coming up
fine and Mr. Hammock says that we will have
a good crop next fall.
Eighth Grade
The Indians had a practice game with the
High School team Tuesday afternoon. We
hope that the time will come when we will
meet the Normals.
We farmers have been putting Cottonwood
trees around the fields, so that when the boys
go to work on the hay they will have a shady
place to rest.
One of our painters, Joseph Sneed, is work-
ing in town for this month. We all hope that
he will do good work in painting.
We girls that are working at the industrial
cottage like our work and do hope to learn the
best of housekeeping and cooking.
Monday evening we had our literary meet-
ing in the chapel. As usual, the program was
one of the best we've had for a long time, be-
cause there was a debate.
I received a letter from one of my friends at
the Albuquerque Indian school and she says
that it is still very culd in New Mexico.
We hear that Lemuel Yukuku is getting to
be an expert player in baseball; we all wish
him success, and also his team.
We eighth grade pupils are having a test in
civil government and we expect to have some
good grades.
We are all sorry to learn that Carl Lowe is
getting no better, as he was one of the best
boys here, a real polite young man and one
to be respected.
The members of the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W.
C. A. are going to have a temperance contest
sometime next month. I hope that the Y. W.
C. A. girls will try to get the best speakers on
and beat the Y. M. C. A.
Band Notes
The band is now in possesion of a new
double £^-fiat bass. Jos. Burke is manipulat-
ing the same and did you notice the bass viol
effect?
Guy Maktima practices faithfully and his
work in the band shows what practice can do.
The boys are taking interest in the section
practice and several volunteers are present
every morning to join with the regulars.
The ten new suits made in town arc finished
and help out with the appearance of the band^
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March 14. 1914
145
From Other Schooler
Pueblo Bonito School, Crownpolnt, New
Mexico
By Special CorresporKjUtU.
Two carloads of cement are being freighted
to the school and will be used in foundations
for buildings and additional sidewalks.
Jacob Morgan, wife and two little boys, are
the latest arrivals at the school. Mr. Morgan
They were school mates and had not seen each
other for sixteen years. Mr. and Mrs Jason
left on Tuesday for Spokane, Washington.
George Kee came home from the Albuquer-
que school recently and will remain for some
time. He has not been well and it is hoped
that the change will do him good.
On Saturday evening an entertainment was
?C
MRS. ETCITTY YAZZA BEGA. PUEBLO BONITO.
WEAVING A BLANKET.
In this picture there is more than $600 worth of silver belts,
rings and bracelets and the string of turquoise she is wearing
could not be bought from her for $150.
has taken charge of the boys and will assist
in the instruction of the band.
Mary Arthur is still confined to her bed though
«he is somewhat improved.
If the weather permits, Indians will begin the
dressing of stone for the laundry the first of
the coming week.
Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Jason from Ivodi, Ohio,
visited at the home of the superintendent.
given in assembly hall and was marked with
special numbers in emulation of the honored
George Washington and Abraham L/incoln.
Miss Rosbach, who attended Mrs. Arthur
during the crisis in her illness, has returned
to Rehoboth.
Hoska Woods and Navaho Charley have
gone with C. M. Goodnight to Gallup as wit-
nesses in whiskey cases to come up before the
United States Commissioner on Saturday.
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146
The Native American
Harry Boyd and Georg-e Schuster have made
application for traders' licenses and wish to
locate near the agency and school. Compet-
ition is the life of trade.
Seneca School, Wyandotte, ORlahoma
By Special Correspondent.
The following program was given February
26, in honor of Washington's birthday.
Instramental Solo Paoline Lemon
"America" Primary Class
Washington Song Primary Class
hivocation Rev. Isaac Frazier
Song-'The Good Old U. S. A." Small Boys
Historical Exercise Twenty-five Boys
Marching Song Small Boys
"Massa's in the Cold, Cold Ground." Girls* Chorus
MUitary Drill Small Boys
"Dixie" Girls' Chorus
Miss L/ena Fisher, a former pupil of this
school, is temporary matron for the small boys.
Miss Clara D. Allen, principal teacher, was
called to Seneca last Monday evening by the
illness of her father.
I/. R. Caire, manager of the ball teams, is
getting the boys in line for some splendid
games this season.
Mr. Gilliland accompanied nine school girls
to Seneca last Saturday when the girls had
their picture taken in a group.
Cap Cotter and the farm boys began plant-
ing the garden this week.
Sanitary drinking fountains have been put in
dormitories and school building. These foun-
tains are perfectly sanitary and do away with
the drinking cups.
Mr. Scott, the carpenter, devotes half an
hour or more each day to teaching the car-
penter boys the principles of that trade.
Few schools in the service can show greater
promptness at the opening of the school year
than manifested by the pupils of this school.
On the first day of the school 135 pupils were
present— ten more than the capacity of the
school — so ten had to return home for the want
of room. This speaks well for the management
and the interest shown by the parents and
pupils.
Dr. Points, the school physician, examined
all the children last week for trachoma. He
reports a great improvement over last year.
Miss Maude Allen, a trained nurse, is assisting
the doctor in treating the children.
Leech Lake, Minnesota
By Special Correspondent.
The winter has been very cold here, the
mercury registering 38 degrees below zero.
The ice has attained a thickness of about 30
inches.
Mrs. John F. Giegoldt and son Donald re-
cently returned from a nine weeks' visit at
Aberdeen, S. D.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Bortels delightfully
entertained in honor of Mr, Christie who re-
cently inspected the school here.
Staff of Empi^oybes:
AGENCY
John F. Giegoldt,
C. A. Bortells,
Dr. L/Ouis B. Castell,
George Poussin,
Miss Ella Brewer,
Superintendent
Chief Clerk
Agency Physician
Financial Clerk
Assistant Clerk
Peter Graves, Property Clerk and Interpreter
Frank J. Fisher,
Francis Manley,
Silas Walters,
Moses King,
John Roy,
Ed. Johnson,
George Johnson,
John Bedeau,
Richard Day,
John Lamott,
George Fairbanks,
L/ittle Frenchman,
O-Wish-Teah
SCHOOI,
Walter Resbol,
Miss Harriet T. Coughlin,
Miss Ortha Willson,
Miss Mary Black,
Mr. Burkhart,
Auston R. True,
Miss Lillian Malonay,
Mrs. Walter Resbol,
Miss l/ucy Blair
Mrs. Jennie Bouleau,
Agency Farmer
Forest Guard
Marine Engineer
Blacksmith
Carpenter
Pilot
Head Teamster
Teamster
Chief of Police
Private
Private
Private
Private
Private
Principal
Matron
Teacher
Teacher
Farmer
Engineer
Seamstress
School Cook
L#aundress
Assistant Matron
"Soft snaps are
Don't waste your
Home and School,
hard to find in this world,
life hunting for them."—
*'It is important to think fast, but it is more
important to think straight."— 7/<7m^ and School.
"There are lots of twists and traits." inclina-
tions that are transmitted from father to son,
but it is a happy provision of the law that
guilt cannot be transmitted from anybody to
anybody. Every fellow has to make his own
meanness before it is his own." — Home and
School*
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March 14, 1914
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Saeaton, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
John S. Lajne, brother of the chief of the
land diTision of the Indian OfiQce at Washing-
ton, D. C, is here investigating the water
rights of the Pima Indians.
The road through the agency from the river
to Casa Grande has been changed so as to
follow the section line. A new bridge has
been built and it makes a vast improvement
over the old road.
Mr. and Mrs. Olberg, Mr. andjMrs. Canfield,
and Mr. and Mrs. Washburn have been an ad-
dition to the tent city of reclamation people
located here at the agency.
The fixture 2 are here for electric lights, and
before long coal oil lamps for Saeaton will be
a thing of the past.
Mrs. Stacy and little ones came in from
Maricopa last Friday with Mr. Stacy, who
came to help on the fair building.
Through our superintendent, Mr. Thackery,
a circulating library was established at the
agency for the returned students on the reser-
vation. The books have been here since the
first of the year but were not given out until
the first of February. Many of our Pimas
are reading them and appreciate the privi-
lege. We are glad to note in the Leader
that another reservation is also planning to
hifve a library for returned students.
All the farmers, some of the day school
teachers and some of the Indians of the res-
revdtion came in last Friday and Saturday to
help work on the new fair building. With so
many willing hands the building has been
nearly completed and makes one think it will
not be long until we are in the midst of our
fourth annual fair.
The many friends of Mrs. Nancy Osif were
shocked to learn of her death from pneumonia
on Saturday evening, February 28. Rev. D.
L#ay preached the funeral service and music
was furnished by employees of the school.
Mrs. Osif, previous to her marriage, was an
assistant here at the school and endeared her-
self to the hearts of all who worked with her.
She leaves a husband and a little daughter
about three months old, a father, and mother
and four brothers, who have the deepest
sympathy of many friends. Mrs. Osif 's mother
will take the little baby and try to give it a
mother's care.
Mrs. Armstrong has recently purchased a
saddle pony which now is supposed*to Janswer
to the name of "Billy." She says Billy is the
nicest riding horse hereabouts and that he
will now allow her to rub his nose once in a
while as a special mark of growing affection.
Prof. A. %, Jenks, head of the department
of anthropology of the University of Minne-
sota, gave a lecture in the assembly room
at the Hchool building last Wednesday even-
ing. He was both instructive and interesting.
Professor Wilde, president of the University
of Arizona, accompanied him and also made a
few remarks to the audience after being intro-
duced by Superintendent Thackery.
W. O. Hodgson, school farmer, has accepted
a transfer to San Xavier, the Papago reserva-
tion under Superintendent McQuigg near Tuc-
son. He writes that he is well pleased with his
work. Mr. Nelson of the experimental farm
has taken Mr. Hodgson's place here as school
farmer.
Mrs. Perry and daughter, Helen, came over
from Phoenix last week to spend a few days
with Mr. Perry.
The losing side of the "big hunt'* of New
Year's day, gave a banquet in the children's
diningroom last Friday evening. Plates were
laid for one hundred and thirty. The caterers
could not be beaten. After everything in
sight had been eaten, the guests went to the
school building where an entertainment was
given, and then the hall was turned over to
the dancers for a couple of hours.
John Kelly, our yard man, has been setting
out numerous trees around the campus. It
will add to the comfort of the people consider-
ably when warm weather comes.
Dr. and Mrs. I/. H. Richards of Gila Bend
came up to attend the hunters' banquet.
Mrs. Grouse and Miss St. Clair were two of
last week's hostesses at evening parties.
A fresh supply of tennis rackets and balls
for our girls has recently been purchased, and
their court put into good condition by the ad-
dition of a new backstop and xiet. Now, girls,
get out and practice. I/earn the rules of the
game and play according to these rules. Some
of the boys are already good players, as their
court has been in use longer, and the girls
will have to hustle if they catch up. As soon
as the girls learn proficiency in the game, con-
tests will be arranged between them and the
employees. It is hoped that the employees who
are devotees of the game will show an interest
in the progress of the students and that the
game may be a source of benefit through the
association of pupils and teachers as well as
a means of recreation and amusement.
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The Native American
Dr. Record, superintendent of the Tucson
Mission school, was at the agency as a guest
of Rev. Mr. L#ay two days last week.
Mr. Williams, school gardener, has been
having so many vegetables to spare after
supplying the children's kitchen, that the In-
dians on the reservation have also been enjoy-
ing them.
Mr. Knox of Higley has been appointed
cotton farmer at the experimental station.
Oanado, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
Hon. J. Lt, Hubbell and his nephew, Thomas
Hubbell, visited Albuquerque recently.
Mrs. Wetherill and grandson, Benjamin, were
recent visitors at St. Michaels and Ganado on
their way from Gallup, New Mexico, to Kayenta,
Arizona.
Supt. Peter Paquette has had notices posted
that land has been set apart for a Government
school at Ganado which, when erected and
established, will make our section an educa-
tional center for the advancement of the Navaho
Indians.
Rev. C. N. Piatt and Dr. J. D. Kennedy were
in attendance at the presbytery of northern
Arizona, which was held at Flagstaff, Wednes-
day, February 25, lasting one day.
Rev. J. N. Steele, Syracuse, New York, Pres-
byterian Indian E^vangelist-at-large, is expected
soon to visit the Navahos, remaining sevetal
weeks in different parts of the reservation.
He is well known and influential among the
different Indian tribes.
Rosebud Boarding school at Mission, South
Dakota, has the distinction of installing the
first wireless station in the service. The
money was contributed by employees, and
the instruments are the best and latest types
on the market. The first messages were re-
ceived the last day of the year 1913, and now
Rosebud is in daily communication with
the world.
Miss Anna Egan, chief clerk at White
Earth, has been transferred to Seger, Okla.,
and is to be succeeded by Mr. P. B. Six of
Fort Berthold a^ncy. — Weekli; Review.
Miss Daisy E. Davis of Washington has
been appointed assistant matron here, and
is expected to arrive soon and take up her
duties in the large boys' home.— Weekly Re-
view.
Retoroed Stodents' Conference
On account of some outside events which
will take place the week of the Returned
Students* Conference, it has been decided
to change the program printed in last week's
paper, and the different contests and meet-
ings of the week will take place as follows:
Tuesday, March 31.
2 p. m. — Baseball.
7 p. m. — Band concert.
Wednesday, April 1.
9:00 a. m.— Baseball.
2:00 p. m. — ^Returned students* conference.
8:00 p. m. — ^Returned students* reception.
Thursday, April 2.
8:00 a. m. — Junior contest rehearsal.
Friday, April 3.
9:30 a. m.— Athletic sports.
2:00 p. m. — Five-mile race.
3:00 p. m.— Baseball
7:30 p. m.— Band Concert.
8:15 p. m. — Junior declamation contest
Extensive preparations are being made
for the athletic program during the spring
vacation week. Baseball teams from all
nearby reservations are expected to partici-
pate in the tournament which commences
March 31. All entries for this tournament
must be in by March 25 in order that a
schedule may be arranged. It will be re-
membered that considerable confusion was
caused last year by late entries of one or
two teams. It is desired that as many as
possible may be entered but entries must be
made early.
The position of assistant superintendent
at White Earth has been abolished, and
former assistant superintendent, W. J. Lovett,
has been transferred to Yakama, Wash. It
is understood that the transfer was not made
on account of any delinquency on the part
of Mr. Lovett, but because, in the opinion of
the Commissioner the office of assistant su-
perintendent was a useless appendage to the
clerical force of the agency. — Weeklp Re-
view.
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THE DESERT
Tonight the wondrous shadows
Weave Minerva's web upx^n the hills;
The barren mesas throw Venetian
Colors to the skies;
A million years of sleep has been her own
Beneath the watchful presence of
The Master's eyes.
Could you who sense no truth in lif^
And know no thoughts to lisp into a* prayer^
Could you but feel with me tonight
The pulse of God
In just one breath of Desert air
Redeemed, your unshrived soul would turn
With out-stretched arms toward God,
All restlessness of aimless years
Would, quivering, cease
In this grand hour of hours
Which whispers o'er my silent Desert, "Peace."
— Carrie H. AUen
OCSIGNCO BV CHARUeS REVNOUOS, CMCveNNE. PR I N T C R- A P PR C N T I C E.
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d\b
OmCERS GIRLS* BATTALION
First RoW'Looise Watchman, Eunice Davis, Anna Lefthand. Susie Vapach, Joyce Wade, Amy Welch,
Daisy Sampson, Thirza Mountain.
Second Row— Dottie Wehber, Contra Lewis. Alma Anton, Clara Benson, Annie T. Moore, Emma Clark*
Eliza Johnson, Juana Valenzuella. Marianna Rhoades.
Third Row— Rose Chiago. Lulu Smith. Daisy Pater. Ruth Easc^ief. Cora Rhoades. Cuca Pallan. Ella
Sacawah, Pearl Chemavela.
Fourth Row— Annie Easchief. Louise Adams. Minnie Grant. Myrtle Butler.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 15
SAsLTch 2K 1914
9s(ttfTiber 12
. Value of Military Drills
By Major E. P. GRIXSTEAD, Disciplinarian, Phoenix Indian School
FRIEND once said to me after witnessing a parade of our pupils: "That
is very well for show but I fail to see any practical benefit in your drills."
That was some years ago and since then I have always wanted to write
something about the benefit derived from military drill. In the first
place the "show" part of the military work is not at all the object sought
but is merely an adjunct in stimulating interest and pride in the drill.
Regular and systematic drill prepares the pupils, above all else, for
their other school work both literary and industrial. In the first place it improves their
health. There is nothing in the way of exercise for growing boys and young men so good
COMPANY OF PHOENIX PUPILS AT DRILL.
ARM SWINGING EXERCISE.
as the few simple calisthenic exercises prescribed for the soldier, especially the arm swing-
ing exercises. They exercise nearly all the muscles of the body, causing the pupil to be-
come straight and supple and strong. Captain Temple, while a sergeant in the hospital
corps, was stationed several years at West Point at the Military Academy, and while he
was there a system of measurements was established and data were gathered relating to the
physical development of the cadets for one year. He says the results were as follows:
*The average of chest development, at rest, was over two inches.
"The average increase of expansion was over one inch.
*The muscular development is very evident, especially the first year when the cadet
has to practice setting up drill at regular intervals almost daily. The leg and arm muscles
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152 The Native American
will increase from one to two inches in circumference during the first six months* service.
The leg increase is from drilUng at attention.
*The sick report decreases with each year of training, and if it were not for injuries
received in exercises not pertaining to drill and military calisthenics there would be scarcely
any loss from sickness in the first class which is about to graduate.**
Captain Temple further says:
**In my opinion there is more benefit derived from the use* of the old settmg up drill
than any other exercise that I know of, and, besides the physical benefit, the balance a
soldier attains from handling a rifle makes a noticeable carriage that no other, form of ex-
ercise seems to develop. In fact, one can tell a soldier on the active list, even in civilian
clothing, from a civilian simply by his walk. He is not used to walking lazy.**
Our boys have about fifteen minutes setting up drill every morning. They may be
sleepy and grouchy when they fall in and think that the drill is an extra hardship but after
fifteen minutes of this brisk drill every boy is wide awake and glowing with quickened
COMPANY OF PHOENIX PUPILS AT DRILL.
TRUNK BENDING EXERCISE.
circulation and respuration. He is ready to start the day right Four times a week after
supper the battalion has close order drill, one company with rifies.
I have seen boys come into this school who were so awkward they could not walk
straight and so crooked they seemed always to be looking on the ground for something, and
have seen these same boys, under miUtary drill, straighten up and gain in carriage and
alertness. Some boys cannot have alertness drilled into them but there are none that do
not gain by the drill.
The benefits of this drill are not all physical by any means. The drill at attention
stimulates the attention of the pupil and gives him self-control. It gives him self-respect
and self-confidence and does away with self-consciousness. From the very nature of close
order drill the pupil's mind must be concentrated upon what he is doing, so the drill de-
velops concentration. He must be attentive to orders, so it stimulates attention. This is
of lasting benefit, for without attention and concentration nothing will be learned in the
school rooms and shops.
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March 21, 1914
153
Drills to be of value must be brisk and
every pupil must be kept alert and wide
awake. If the movements are perfunctory
and slouchy, the time is lost. Every one
must be kept doing his best, and the in-
structor must enforce correctness in the
minutest details. Necessarily the instructor
must be well versed in all the details himself,
for unless those you drill are sure you under-
stand the work no progress mil be made
and a dislike to military drills will be in-
culcated.
On entering school, some pupils are awk-
ward and some are perverse and it takes
some time to discover those who find the
drill difficult and separate them from those
who are merely stubborn. Patience and
drill will help the first class, drill and pa-
tience, more drill and not quite so much
patience will help the second.
Disciplinarians, being human, are not al-
ways up to the key they should be to get the
best results from the pupils. I have always
noticed that a relaxation of drill is always
followed by an increase of disorder and petty
ofifenses. It is a safe assertion that if military
drill could be carried out daily in as energetic
manner as it should be in all our Indian
schools, there would be almost no occasion
for other disciplinary measures.
The military idea, applied to all school
activities, means merely concentrating on
the thing to be done and doing it right and
at the right time, and all the military drills
in this school are for that end. If a pupil
should do everything as he is compelled to
do the drill, with his mind on the particular
detail to be done at the time and the neces-
sity of completing each detail at a certain
time, what tremendous results would be
obtained.
Returned Students Form Orchestra
The young men and women of Phoenix
who have received musical training at the
various Indian schools throughout the
country have been gathered "together by
Lancisco Hill and formed into an organiza-
tion known as "The American Indian Or-
chestra Society." Lancisco Hill is a Puna
Indian who received part of his training at
the Phoenix school. A few years spent in
New York and New England added to his
education. His progressive spirit is evidenced
in the following paragraphs outlining the
purpose of the society:
1. To study the art of music.
2. To become better acquainted among
ourselves.
3. To promote the social spirit and strive
to help one another.
4. To prove that an Indian is able to
keep pace with the rest of the world.
In connection with the orchestra the
association has a club of girls whose aim is
practically the same as stated above. Any
Indian boy or girl who has some knowledge
of music and has the social spirit will be
welcomed, and the director will be glad to
give any information concerning the associ-
ation. The headquarters are at 1104 East
Monroe street.
Mrs. Hill is a Pawnee young woman who
is capable of assisting her husband in this
movement, and the Native American wishes
the new society every success.
Mr. Voy and a detail of farm boys have
marketed two loads of hogs receiving there-
for $302.40. Our last year's hog crop has
thus far brought $687.40 to our Class IV fund
and we still have several loads to market
later on in the season. While our neighbors
have lost hundreds of hogs, by giving our
herd the best of care, keeping pens clean
and using the serum treatment, we have not
lost an animal this season. — Weeklg Review,
About ten friends of Mrs. J. J. Anderson,
(nee Regna Hendrickson) surprised her Mon-
day evening at her pretty bungalow on
Central avenue in celebration of her birthday
All enjoyed a very pleasant time.
The printing office boys are planning for
their annual picnic next Saturday, March 28.
The committee in charge of the arrange-
ments comprises Luke Anton, James Bent,
Johnson McAfee and Fred Quail.
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154
The Native American
^e^rer-Oation Life
From the Viewpoint of Indian Students
A recent issue of the Santee Word Carrier
contains a page of letters from Indian stu-
dents at government schools which show
conditions on the reservations strictly from
the viewpoint of the boys and girls them-
selves. The difficulties which confront the
field and mission workers, the obstacles
which the returned student must surmount
if he makes good, are shown here in a man-
ner so interesting that we take the liberty of
reprinting extracts as follows:
**I am a Yakima from the state of Wash-
ington. There is a peculiar religion on this
reservation. The name of this religion is
pum pum. They believe in war dances.
They dance sometimes two or three weeks.
They dance by sections if the tepee is too
small. The first section dances from nine,
to twelve o'clock while the second section
prays. And then the second section goes
on with the dance while the first section is
on their knees praying. They believe also
in bathing every meal time in winter. I use
to be in this religion. After I almost frozed
I had to quit this religion. I like to keep
clean alright but I hated to get up early in
the mornings and have to go front of the
chief before going to bath.
'They have another religion and is still
worse peculiar. Each man or woman have
to have a bells. They weigh about all way
from one to eighty pounds. And they just
keep them bells ringing from after supper
about five-thuty until about nine o'clock.
And of course then they sing different kinds
of song and put some Indian word in them.
They dance too, something like jumping
straight up and down with they both feet.
This religion is called the "Shakers." They
don't shake hands or nothing like that but
they shake themselves almost to pieces.
"Great many of us belonged to the Catho-
lic church. We hold meetings there every
We always use to go
Sunday and Friday,
to the meetings."
"I am a Pottawatomie and live among
my tribe of Indians on the Pottawatomie
reservation. It is eleven miles square and
is about twenty-five miles north of Topeka,
Kansas. There are about three hundred
Indians living there. Not very many of
them work. The parents do not care
whether the children attend school or not,
just long enough to read and writa
'Most of these Indians do not belong to
any church. Those that do are Catholics
and do not attend like they should. The
rest have meetings among themselves
They believe in the Indian dance and some
of them eat a medicine or herb called peyote.
This was introduced from Oklahoma about
seven years ago. This medicine is supposed
to make them religious. They hold their
meetings in the night from evening until
sun is up in the morning. Mostly drunkards,
gamblers and such people eat this as it is
supposed to break any kind of bad habits
and lead them to a religious life. I have
been to two meetings and to me this medi-
cine is puzzling as to whether it is true
Because after eating it they know how to
pray and to live in a Christian way. But I
don't see why a person has to eat any medi-
cine to make him religious. It does make
a few of them quit usmg any alcoholic
drinks for sure and these are the ones who
were the worst ones once. The truth is ever
since they have had this there are not
half so many drunkards. The people of this
tribe are great for whiskey. They will drink
every chance they get and the white people
would rather sell liquor than to try to stop it.
"The people of this tribe depend on the
money they get from the government. They
gamble every chance they get They are
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March 14, 1914
155
great for dancing. They dance every Sat-
urday. On Sunday they have their ball
games. I don't know whether it is because
they don't know any better or what"
*The Creeks have churches built in various
parts of the Nation, mostly Baptist and
Methodist, and during the summer season
they have what are called *Camp Meetings/
where people from all the tribe congregate,
having large arbors built where they hold
their services, which usually last a week or
more. They camp and all stay during the
entire meeting and it is more for feasting
and renewing acquaintances than for spirit-
ual help. The women especially do not get
very much from these meetings as they are
always at the camps preparing meals, which
they serve almost every hour.
"Many white people come too, for curiosity
and for the purpose of getting some of the
good things to eat such as dried beet sofka,
bLe dumplings, corn flour. In spit^of their
cordial welcome to any visitors, the Indians
do not allow any white people to eat until
all of their people have been served.
'^e Creeks have a custom in church of
not allowing the men and women to sit to-
gether the men must sit on one side and
the women on the other. Many white
people attending these services have to be
separated after being seated, for the Indians
never allow it in their church.
*The Creeks have native preachers. Their
singing is all in the Creek language and they
have Bibles and song books printed in Creek.
The scourge of drink is prevalent among the
men and among some of the women.*'
*'My home is m Oklahoma in Comanche
county. The Indians have two Baptist
churches and a Reformed church. More
dder Indians than young people are mem-
bers. They are trying to get the young
people niterested in Sunday schools. But
they have failed three times in both churches.
Some way or other they can't get the boys
interested. Nearly every Sunday they get
their horses and ride off down to pool halls
or to some ball game that is going on that
day.
**Some Indians living in the east and south-
eastern part of our county don't seem to
take interest in religious work. They waste
their time in idleness; all they do is to sleep
and eat; they have dances, they gamble for
money, clothes and stock, and they are in a
very bad condition. They have meetings
and worship some kind of idols. They go
round; travel and camp around; the only
time they are at their homes is in winter.
They plant crops and forget about them
when summer arrives; they leave them and
begin their good times again. They think
they are too good to work. They depend on
the government to support them and buy
their foods for them. Some are trying to
mortgage their lands so they can get enough
money to buy clothing and food with. They
go around on various occasions and dance
war-dances, sometimes ate paid for dancing.
They bet money, blankets, beads, clothing,
horses, and cows."
'*The tribe of my people are called the
Acoma Pueblo Indians of New Mexico. We
are located in the northwestern part of New
Mexico. The reservation Ss about seventy
or eighty miles in area. This is all moun-
tainous region, no farming is done.
"My people attend church four mouths
and stay away the rest of the time for the
year. There is but one priest that we have
and that priest only comes about once in
two month, some time longer, so you see
how often we attend church.
*The village on the south had a church
built on a high cliff of rock about three
hundred feet high. Long ago this tribe was
captured by the Spaniards from Mexico so
this tribe denomination is Roman Catholic.
The Spanish people teach the Indians about
Christ They believe it ah*ight and before
that time this Indian know there was some-
thing in heaven that they worship too, that
spirit of sun and stars are not very sure any-
how. Still yet my people worship Christ
(Continued on page 158)
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156
The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, at Seoond Class Mail Matter
C. W. GCX:)DMAK Superiniendeni
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TW^ENTY-FIVK ORNTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST.
Joaoa White is the name of a Dew Pima
girl from Sacaton.
so*
Mrs. L J. Holzwarth was the gue'^t of Miss
MoDroe at the club Wednesday.
so*
John Matthews of Casa Blanca, a former
pupil at this school, is a visitor here this week.
«06;
Mr. Ward was over from Sacaton the mid-
dle of the week on a hurried business trip.
• ©oe
The band has emerged from winter quar-
ters and has been occupying the band stand
for evening practice this weeL
Albert Bigpond, Emmet King and George
Bell of Muskogee, Okla., arrived in Phoenix
recently to enter the sanatorium.
90»
Mrs. Hardy and Gerald, Mrs. Diven and
Clifford enjoyed an auto trip to Roosevelt
the first of the week,
so©
We acknowledge receipt of invitation to
commencement events of Carlisle Indian
school. March 27 to April 3, inclusive.
F. Robbins is again clerk at San Carlos
agency after five years of work outside the
Indian Service.
SOS-
Mr. Hudson of the Sacaton experimental
station stopped at the school Wednesday
night while in this vicinity on official busi-
ness.
Mr. Taylor came into the printing office
Thursday night to see the boys.
dO^:
The painter boys did a fine job of graining
woodwork in Mr. Wade*s cottage this weeL
so*
Supt F. A. Thackery and wife of Sacaton
called at the school Friday afternoon, hav-
ing made a flying business trip to Phoenix.
SOSi
The condition of Nye Toozha and Carl
Lowe, the two boys who have been so critic-
ally ill at the hospital for the past five
weeks, remains practically unchanged.
Mrs. Diven has been transferred to the
hospital temporarily to relieve the nurses
who have been on such constant duty, and
Miss Martinez is taking her place in the
dining room.
sos^
A bpard of survey was called this week
during Supervisor Charles* stay and a gener^
ous collection of old property condemned.
Mr. Klingenberg has been assisting Mr.
Oliver in making inventory the past several
weeks.
soe*
Mrs. Hardy, Mrs. Perkins, Misses Mayham,
Phelps, Garton and Monroe, and Messrs.
Venne, Towery, Vaughn and Moncravy mo-
tored to Roosevelt today to spend the week
end.
SOOi
A day or two of chilly weather came this
week just to show us that summer was not
here to stay.
SOS?
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence have moved into
their quarters in the apartment house which
has been repainted and improved to some
extent.
S06?
Joseph M. Brunette of Keshena, Wiscon-
sin, arrived in Phoenix this morning to
accept the position of assistant clerk. Mr.
Brunette is a graduate of the commercial
department of Haskell Institute.
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March 21, 1914
157
Resignation of Supervisor
Supervisor John Charles arrived m Phoe-
nix Sunday and spent the week at the Indian
School. Mr. Charles has tendered his resigna-
tion to take effect after an official trip to
Santa Fe and Albuquerque and a month's
annual leave, and he will return to Denver
and retire to private life. Mr. Charles has
toured the United States for thirteen
years as supervisor of construction for the
Indian Service. He has visited nearly all the
reservations and schools during that time
and probably numbers more personal friends
among the field workers than any other
traveling ofQcial. Considerate, genial and
sympathetic, he became one of the school
family wherever his work called him, and
his resignation will be genuinely regretted by
his scores of friends and acquaintances.
Returned Students* Conference
The program for the Returned Students'
Conference is as follows:
Tuesday, March 31.
2 p. m. — Baseball.
7 p. m. — Band concert.
Wednesday, April 1.
9:00 a. m.— Baseball.
2:00 p. m.— ^Returned students' conference.
8:00 p. m. — Returned students' reception.
Thursday, April 2.
8:00 p. m. — Junior contest rehearsal.
Friday, April 3.
9:30 a. m. — Athletic sports.
2:00 p. m. — Five-mile race.
3:00 p. m.— Baseball
7:30 p. m. — Band Concert.
8:15 p. m. — Junior declamation contest.
It is reported that a new Indian day school
is to be established on the Kootenai river
near Bonners Ferry, Idaho. The cost will be
about $5,000. There are about 30 Indian
children in the vicinity and most of the older
Indians are highly in favor of sending their
children to school. Also that a similar build-
ing is to be erected for the Kalispel Indians at
Cusick, Wash. — Nevada American.
Secretary Hall at Phoenix
Robert D. Hall, traveling secretary for the
Y. M. C. A. work among the Indians, arrived
in Phoenix this week and on Friday evening
gave an excellent illustrated talk in the
auditorium. Mr. Hall talks about the things
that the children know something about and
puts his thought in a way which enables
them to be grasped by even the children of
the lower grades. The lessons which he
wishes to impress on their minds are drawn
on practical, everyday things and the atten-
tion of the children is held throughout
Many of the pictures shown were of
Christian young men and women from other
Indian schools, leaders among their school-
mates in every right way, young people with
well developed bodies, trained minds and
hearts filled with love for their fellowmen.
Again he showed pictures of the new homes
on the reservations being founded by the
returned students who retain their Christian
way of living, and make their homes the
center of progress in the community.
Mr. Hall impressed on the children that
the ones who were receiving the education
and advantages provided by the government
and mission schools were under heavy obli-
gations to use the ability thus acquired to-
ward helping their people advance; that
much more is required of those to whom
much has been given.
Death of Patient
Oscar Logan died of tuberculosis Friday
morning at the Sanatorium. His case has
been considered hopeless for a long time,
and all that could be done for him was to
make him as comfortable and content as
possible. Oscar was a San Carlos Apache.
Funeral service will be held this afternoon
in the city and the remains interred in Green-
wood cemetery.
The air is laden with the scent of orange
blossoms which grows heavier as one ap-
proaches the numerous groves between the
school and Camelback mountain.
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158
The Native American
Resewation Life as Seen bv Students
(CoQtinaed from page 155)
with sticks made by the men. These sticks
are painted having feathers on them. They
would not use feathers common to every-
body, but that are scarce. The Indians are
worshiping by dancing. It b called secret
dance having masks. Our people would not
let anybody go to see this dance except the
people of the tribe. Even now they talk
that the school children should not see the
dance because they are going in the white
man*s way. If some body sneak in to see
the dance he will be put to death. That's
true they are very religious but the dancing
has not done anything for them yet.*'
*'My people are the Menominee Indians.
We live on a reservation in the northern
part of Wisconsin. There are about eighteen
hundred Menominees, living in four com-
munities. Each community has a Catholic
church. But they all don't go to church,
most of them stay away. Many of the In-
dians still believe in the old religion of danc-
ing around a drum. Their children go to
school but they also believe just like their
parents do.*'
'1 am a member of the Sioux tribe, and
live on the Lower Brule reservation. This
is in the central part of the state of South
Dakota. Most of the Indians are half breeds.
The old Indians believe in religious work but
it is a very difficult thing to get the young
returned students to go to church. With so
many young men and women it seems as if
they ought to help in the religious work but
they do not seem to have any interest or
influence at all. In fact they seem to take
it as some kind of a joke when anything is
being said of religious things. And there is
much dancing going on among the young
people. While at these dances the boys
drink intoxicating liquors and act very
rudely. Some of the older people have
never been off to school but still they have
as good ideas as the returned student has.
In some cases the returned student goes
home and after loafing around awhile gets
married. He has no home of his own so he
takes his wife and lives off of Ids or her
father.
*'We have only the Catholic and Episcopal
churches on our reservations. The Episcopal
church seems to be the stronger. The Epis-
copal minister has the hardest work to do
in keeping up his work. Sometimes he is
called away to the White River district
which is about sixty miles south of our
reservation. On our reservation there are
five small Episcopal churches, but I don't
believe some of them are used more than
once a year. I have heard that more than
once the minbter has told the people of this
or that district that he would be there on a
certain Sunday. After he made the trip
and all the preparations no one would come.
I think some times he gets rather discour-
aged."
*1 belong to the tribe of Oneidas located
ten miles southwest of Green Bay. This is
an enlightened tribe of about twenty five
hundred people. They emigrated from New
York in search of the right of '^religious
worship" that they wanted. Most of these
Indians are Episcopalian. The older people
are religious, teaching the younger generation
the right religious infiuence. The Sabbath
is kept as it should be. The boys often
play ball on Sunday on the Mission grounds,
but the minister is present to observe the
rules. There is a dance hall, but the
minister is always present, since the dance
hall is mission property."
J. W. Plake, farmer at Casa Blanca on the
Pima reservation, was over the first of the
week to consult a Phoenix ear specialist.
Mr. Plake says they are getting along very
nicely at Casa Blanca, where a new four-
room cottage with ample porch is nearing
completion.
Mr. Steward, who has been filling the
clerical vacancy the past month, spent Mon-
day in the city taking the Civil Service ex-
amination for stenographer.
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March 21, 1914
159
Choir 7*icnic
By AnnU EatchUf
Saturday afternoon about one o'clock the
Phoenix Indian school chou* started from
the campus for a delightful picnic at the
slate mine chaperoned by Miss Phelps and
Miss Garten.
While on the way the Arizona sun seemed
to rest right on top of our heads, but after
a long ride we reached our destination.
We climbed to the top of the mountain and
felt the cool breeze.
Frank Whitman, William T. Moore, George
Webb, Mr. Stacy, Miss Phelps and Miss
Carton had a shooting match with a rusty
little can not any bigger than any of their
heads for a target Mr. Stacy started first.
He was told that if he missed it he would
miss his ice cream, too. He shot, but he
missed. The rest of them took their turn
but finished without hurting the can. When
the next round came Mr. Stacy was the first
to injure the can.
While this was going on some of the boys
below were enjoying themselves swinging
and walking on cables.
After we bad been up there quite a while
we decided to get ready for our supper and
started down. We were told that anyone
finding wood on the way must pick it up
and carry it to the place where we were to
built our fire. Miss Phelps was the manager
in building the fire, and when it was built
a boiler of water was put on with a bag of
coffee tied up in it. Before the coffee was
done the fire manager cried out that the bag
had burst!
While the coffee was still boiling the girls
were busy fixing the table and preparing the
food. Then the bugle sounded for the hun-
gry souls to come and have their supper.
We had sandwiches, coffee, milk, pies, oranges,
bananas, ice cream and cake.
After supper was over we decided to have
a baseball game, Frank Whitman and Wil-
liam T. Moore being the captains. The two
teams started with Mr. Stacy as their umpire,
but before long the game stopped on account
of darkness, and besides, our ball burst, as it
was a rubber ball.
After this came the dancing. The boys
first danced around the fire but soon got out
in a bigger space. The orchestra gave fine
music with their tin cans. Then the boys
cUmbed the mountain again and there sang
songs for us until the bugle called again.
Soon everyone surrounded the fire and we
began toasting marshmallows. Some were
dropped in the fire and never got out again.
We had a jolly time singing songs on the
way back. We all gave our thanks to Mr.
Stacy for such a good time during the day,
and also to Miss Phelps and Miss Garton for.
going along with us. We parted with a
happy good night and then hurried off for
a good night's rest.
A Musical Treat
Mr. Cadman and Princess Redfeather
came out to the school last Saturday morn-
ing and gave a program at the chapel which
was a source of delight to the pupils and
employees who were able to be present.
Mr. Cadman has made fame for himself
in the translation and adaptation of Indian
music, and the interpretation given his
songs by the pretty Indian maiden is won-
derfully effective. Princess Tsianina has a
rich mezzo-soprano voice, a pleasing, unas-
suming manner which makes admirers both
off and on the stage. Some of the songs
given Saturday morning were "As in a Rose
Jar." "I Hear a Thrush at Eve." "From the
Land of the Sky-Blue Water." "Blanket Song"
(Zuni). and two Ojibway love songs.
Mr. Cadman also gave two piano numbers
which were greatly appreciated.
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The Native American
Baseball
Track
^yiihleiic^s
Sivimming
Tennis
CLUB STANDING
Teams Won Lost Per.
PhUadelphla Athletics 3 1 .750
Chicago White Sox 3 2 .600
Boston Red Sox 2 3 .400
New York Giants 1 3 .250
LAST WEEK'S SCORES
Chicago White Sox 4— Boston Red Sox 3.
INDIAN*COYOTE GAME
The Indians defeated the Phoenix High
school in a practice game Thursday after-
noon by the score of 1 to 0. Only seven in-
nings were played and the game was fast
and snappy. The Republican said of the
Indians, '"The Indians have as good a team as
they have produced in many years, and sev-
eral of last year's diamond men are still
in the ranks. They put up a cracking good
fight and cleaned the Coyotes in a hard hit-
ting, almost errorless contest"
Quail, a first year pitcher, pitched the first
four innings and held the Coyotes to one hit,
and showed speed and curves which makes
him a promising pitcher. Burke pitched the
last three innings and was also effective.
In the fourth inning the High school boys
got men on second and third with only one
out, but the next man hit to old reliable
Earl and the runner was nailed at the plate
and then the third man was easy, allowing
no score.
Baseball Notes
Austin and Butler are limping on sprained
ankles but were game enough to play
through the game.
Did you notice how Tenejieth pulls those
wild throws from the atmosphere anywhere
within seventeen feet off first base? And
the way he went after that foul ball into the
grand standi That's what makes players.
The wind was furious and the fielders did
well to judge their chances so well especially
Garcia in right chasing and capturing three
wild ones that looked like homers. Anton
and Reynolds in center and left also accepted
a couple of difficult chances.
Yukku is there at third and is using his
head well. A little more head work when
batting, Lem, and you will make them sit up
and take notice.
The boys are practicing faithfully and
several of them are anxious to wind up the
league series in order to spend all the time
in regular practice.
Austin is acting as captain until the elec-
tion of a regular captain. Austin is there
with the "pep" and head work.
The cheering in the grand stand was
noticeable by its presence, if you please. The
way that crowd stood up on its feet, mind
you, and cheered when Earl nailed that man
at home sure sounded like a voice of a lost
friend. Keep it up, boys and gbls, and fac-
ulty, too, the team needs and appreciates
such support.
Three games have been arranged with the
Normals, the first to be played here on April
11, the next a week later at Tempe. You
can now prepare for some games.
Clarence Butler, who is playing with Res-
voloso and Morales at Clarkdale with the
Clarkdale Indians, wants a game with the
school team during commencement, and a
few games will probably be arranged.
An automobile service was secured by the
disciplinarian's office for the benefit of those
who wished to attend the track meet at
Tempe today. A large delegation of the
students accompanied the athletes.
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March 21, 1914
161
From Other SchooU
Sooth Mote Ve^eteUe Crop
The Indian mission at Elbowoods, South
Dakota, believes in planting and growing
and harvesting along with its religious teach-
ing. The accomi)anying cut represents
Edward Goodbirds, the Indian assistant
missionary preacher, gathering in his vege-
tables in September.
Rev. C.L Hall. D.D.. who is in charge of
the mission, says in his booklet:
The old Indian linked his hunting and corn-
planting and simple arts to his religion. He
lived by the help of his gods. We are trying
not to destroy this faith, but to transfer it to
the living God, and to make it "work by love,"
instead of by selfishness. Our little girls in
the home are learning to keep house and sew
and cook, because it is the work of a child of
God to do these things well. We are trying to
teach our neighbors by word and example to
farm and build and make homes in a way that
THE HARVESTER
Edward Goodbirds, Indian assistant missionary preacher, get-
ting in his vegetables. September. 1913.
will be becoming to a redeemed man. They
must understand that the gospel means
diligence in business, honesty, carefulness,
co-operation, skill, cleanness of heart and
body, health and enlightenment, and pros-
perity, and any other virtue of endowment
that makes life worth living now and always.
We think our example in raising seventy
bushels of oats, or two hundred bushels of
potatoes to the acre, garden vegetables, im-
proved cattle and hogs, well-kept horses,
small fruits, and sheltering trees, and pretty
shrubs, in what is classed as a semi-arid land,
is a part of the gospel of Christ who came to
make all "desert blossom as the rose.'*
*'When our former Mission school boys are
fouud taking hold of agricultural work accord-
ing to present-day methods and earning a sup-
port for their growing families, building their
meeting place, and making some contributions
to church work abroad, we feel that the foun-
dation of a Christian community is being laid.**
Banning, California
By Special Correspondent.
I thought you might be interested to gather
a few items of news as relating to the reserva-
tions under this jurisdiction and showing the
progress of the Indians and what they are
doing. Through the generous aid of the gov-
ernment,under the reimbursing regulations and
agreements to reimburse therefor, the Indians
of the Morongo or Malki reservation have plant-
ed over 500 acres to oat hay and nearly 11,000
fruit trees consiating of almond, apricot, peach,
apple, prune and pear trees. This fruit develop-
ment is all in virgin soil, meaning that the
Morongo reservation will soon rival the nearby
town of Banning, which is a fruit colony. The
largest single Indian fruit ranch or orchard at
Morongo all full bearing trees of the apricot,
peach and almond variety, is some little over
twenty acres and from this acreage the Indian
owner realizes from Sl,500 to $2,000 per year.
This showing would make some white people
sit up and take notice.
Within the next three or four years I predict
that the Indians on this reservation will all
average an income of better than $1,000 per
annum from their fruit. They are skilled in
this industry and their services as pruners,
grafters and in the general handling of fruit
is eagerly sought by the white fruit growers
of this section of the country. Two of Indians
this year bought under reimbursing agreement
one of the most up-to-date 3-cylinder spraying
machines listed at some $450 and they have
not only sprayed the Indian orchards but have
successfully competed with the outside white
machines and secured several paying contracts
to spray large orchards for the white fruit
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144
The Native American
growers. All of this is but indicative of the pro-
gressiveness and enterprise of these Indians.
At another of the reservations located in the
midst of the great desert at Palm Springs where
the Indians have the famous medicinal hot
springs, they are putting in about 10 acres to
grapefruit trees bought under reimbursing
agreements and I predict for these Indians
prosperity and success in the near future, as this
is one of the most paying of the fruit industries
and the Palm Springs lands and climate are
particularly well suited and adapted to this
enterprise. The Indians of the most remote
desert district at Martinez, near the famous
Salton sea which is below sea level, are going
into Egyptian cotton and the growing of date
palms to which that climate and soil are es-
pecially adapted and I predict for them a well
merited success and much prosperity when
they can realize on these industries. At present
this section is famous for its melons, alfalfa
hay, bermuda onions and fine grapes, in which
crops the Indians lead and have pulled down
many prizes for excellency in exhibits at the
various Indian and white fairs.
A great stride toward future citizenship was
made this year through the application of the
comptroller's decision regarding the attend-
ance of Indian children at the white public
schools, and all the Indian day schools under this
jurisdiction, which covers some 150 miles from
the San Manuel reservation near Highland,
California, to the Martinez reservation two
miles from the Salton sea, have been closed
and all the Indians pupils are in attendance
at the white schools and are getting on fam-
ously. They tell me they like the public schools
much better than the Indian day schools and
they are apparently making splendid progress
in their work and studies.
We don't get time to write much but official
reports and hustle for the advancement of the
field work here but I just wanted to let you
know that Malki was on the map and that the
Indians are very much in evidence when it
comes to results and they deserve honorable
mention for their progress and hustle for in-
dependence.
Pipestone, Minnesota
The Peace Pipe.
There are 65 girls enrolled at the United
States Indian school, Springfield, South Da-
kota. This school is an exclusive girls* school.
Two employees* cottages will be built at the
Springfield, South Dakota, school this year.
The two cottages will cost about $4,000.
The new $18,000 hospital at the Wahpeton
school is nearly completed. Their $15,000 gym-
nasium is one of the best in the service.
A case to test the validity of the contention
of the state of South Dakota to tax Indians,
living on allotments within organized counties,
may be tried in the near future. The Indians
claiiU that the state has no right to assess
their personal property while they are living
on allotments.
Mr. Doati, our farmer, is transferred to the
L#a Pointe reservation in Wisconsin. He will
leave as soon as his successor arrives.
Miss Mary Richardson, the baker, arrived
February 28th, from Kalamazoo, Michigan.
She is also in charge of the domestic science
department.
Roster of W^hpaton School, N. D.
The Peace Pipe.
James B. Royce Superintendent
Clerk
C. G. Umbaugh Principal teacher
Jeannette McCrosson Teacher
Charlotte GeisdorfF Teacher
James Iliff Carpenter
Richard E Daly Farmer
James Oliver Engineer
Joseph Dillstrom Disciplinarian
Charles Thompson L#aborer
Nurse
John Jackson I^aborer
Sam While Bandmaster
Oscar Rienderman Shoemaker
Bonnie A. Royce Domestic science teacher
Stella Preston Matron
Christiana Gregg (temp) Assistant matron
Bella Dillstrom (temp) Assistant matron
Madline Jacker Seamstress
Mary L#. Frank Cook
Angelica Wnitewing Assistant Cook
Josephine Peake Assistant
L#ouis Meckstroth Physician
Roster of Springfield School, S. D.
The Peace Pipe.
Charles %. Burton
Josephine A. Hilton
Mary A. Rockwood
Mary R. McMahan
Katherine Beaulieu
Anna Rockwood
Theodore Rockwood
George Mitchell
Superintendent
Teacher
Matron
Cook
Seamstress
L#aundress
Lfaborer
I^aborer
"We'll crown our heroes today and tomorrow
we will crucify them." — Brown.
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March 21. 19 M
163
Carson School, Stewart Nevada
Nevada American.
The new band instruments arrived Tuesday.
There are two tenors, two cornets, four clari-
nets, a bass drum and a snare drum. They
are Wurlitzer instruments and are very fine
pieces. We also received some of the manual
training' equipment which we have been ex-
pecting for some time and the department has
been needing badly.
Mrs. W. J. Merz, housekeeper at the love-
locks day school, visited here for a short time
Tuesday. She brought Mike and Willie Rhodes
for enrollment.
Mrs. Martha Wristen, who has been tempor-
arily employed as baker for some time, re-
ceived the appointment to the position and
entered on duty Monday.
The two new boys enrolled this week make
the annual enrollment so far 301« and the
present enrollment is 285, which is within one
of our capacity, 286.
UNITED STATES CIVIVSERVICE EXAMINATION.
Dentist {Male), Indian Service.
APRII, 8, 1914.
The United States Civil Service Commission
announces an open competitive examination
for dentist, for men only, on April 8, 1914, at
the usual place. From the register of eligi-
bles resulting from this examination certifica-
tion will be made to fill two vacancies in this
position at $1,500 per annum, iu the Indian Ser-
vice at I^arge, and vacancies as they may occur
in positions requiring similar qualification, un-
less it is found to be in the interest of the
service to fill any vacancy by reinstatement,
transfer, or promotion.
The Office of Indian Affairs states that in
addition to the salary mentioned the incum-
bents in these positions will be allowed actual
and necessary traveling expenses, including
sleeping-car fare, incidentals and subsistence
when actually einployed on duty in the field.
All dental supplies and instruments are fur-
nished by the Government,
These employees will have no fixed place of
abode, but will be required to travel from
school to school as the needs of the service
require.
Graduation from a recognized dental college
is a prerequisite for consideration for this posi-
tion.
Each applicant for this examination miist
• be in good health and must attach to his ap-
plication a statement concerning the number
in his family and the number that will requirs
accommodations at the Indian school or agency
in case he receives appointment. He must
furnish to the examiner on the day he is ex-
amined a photograph of himself taken within
two years. Tintypes will not be accepted, and
the examination will not be given unless the
photograph is presented to the examiner.
For further information address Civil Ser-
vice Commission, Washington, D. C.
Entries for the Track: Meet at Tempe
Hundred-yard dash— Benedict Toahty and
Frank Butler.
220-yard dash— Frank Butler and George
Burke.
440-yard dash— Dick McLean, Guy Maktima,
Joshua Jefferson and Howard I^asiloo.
880-yard dash— L^emuel Yukku and Teddy
Weahkee.
Mile Run— Teddy Weahkee, Walter Nata-
chaan and Dennis Quimayousis.
12- pound shotput — Edward Flores.
Running broad jump — George Burke and
Frank Butler.
Running high jump— Roy Braden.
Relay team— George Burke, Lemuel Yukku,
Guy Maktima and Howard Lasiloo.
The boys have been training faithfully for
the last week, getting out in the morning be-
fore breakfast and spending every minute of
their spare time on the field during the day
and evening and feel quite confident that they
will be able to do something at Tempe this
afternoon.
They have been making the quarter mile in
58 and 59 seconds and if they do as well at
the meet they will make some of the white
boys hustle for their prizes. Edward Flores
has been putting the shot to the 37^ -ft. mark
and considering the lack of practice he seems
to be able to raise that considerably.
We are glad to see that the new boys are
showing considerable enthusiasm in the diflFer-
ent events and we are sorry that the discus
throw and pole vault had to be eliminated on
" account of the necessary apparatus being out
' of commission and not having time to procure
new in time to try them out.
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164
Native American
w
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
WSl
Sixth Grade B
A letter was received from Jessie R. Lewis
statitif^ that she was glad to be back in Arizona.
She came home on account of her grandfather's
illness at Snaketown.
Last Saturday Mr. Cadman came out from
town with an Indian lady who sang some songs
for us in the chapel. We all were glad to hear
her sing, and we sang a song for her.
Mr. Hammock sends some of us farm t>oysto
the East Farm to help every afternoon, because
there is a lot of work to do over there.
The boys have been practicing every morning
in Older to be in good condition when they
meet the Normals and the best runners will
take a trip to Tempe on Saturday.
The dayn are getting warmer which shows
that the hot summer days are coming very
soon.
Wallace Anton is getting along very nicely
on the farm.
We are all glad that the spring vacation is
near at hand and I hope that every one will
have a good time. One thing that is coming
just right is the circus which arrives during
the spring vacation.
Johnny Brown is getting to be a good runner
and we all hope he will make a record to be
proud of in the near future.
Mr. Grinstead took a picture of the boys at
their setting up exercises Tuesday for the
Nativb American.
Lucy Medicinegrass and I are now looking
after the tent in which the two sick boys are.
We all cnioyed the Sunday concert given by
the band. They have not given any concert
for quite a long while.
We were all very glad to see Miss Redf eather,
the Indian princess, who came out here with
Mr. Cadman to sing.
Louisa Watchman is on the sick list at the
hospital and we miss her very much.
Everybody is anxiously waiting for spring
vacation to come so we will see the baseball
games and field sports.
Fifth Grade C
Benedict Toahty of Oklahoma is becoming
a good hundred-yard runner. Monday he made
it in ten seconds flat.
We Klamath children were very glad to have
Supt. J. B. Mortsolf visit us and the school and
we are sorry to hear of Lester Dowd's death
last week. He entered school in 1910. He has
fought hard for a year to get well. I hope I
will get along fine in school and hope not to
get sick.
The umbrella trees are getting to be green
and some of the flowers are blooming
This coming Saturday our track team is go-
ing to Tempe and run against the white boys.
I hope some of the l>oys get first prize.
The boys of this school who will take part in
Saturday's track meet at Tempe are practic-
ing every morning during this week.
Flora Johnson says she is going to be a good
cook at the hospital this year for she already
gets a good breakfast every morning for the
patients.
The first of this month we girls changed
our details and I am working in the dining-
room. I just love to work there because I en-
joy the bright mornings. When I am excused
from there I can lie in the green grass and
hear the birds singing in the trees.
A letter was received from Leonard V. Car-
los saying that the Indians on the reservation
were raising wheat for the summer.
On Sunday evening after supper we played
a ball game with some girls outside of the
building. Six of us played, three on each
side. Miss Mayham was on one side, and
when she came to bat she made two or more
home runs. Daisy Sampson also was a good
batter. The score was IS to 4 in favor of Miss
Mayham*s side.
Scott Eldridge, one of the boys of the sec-
ond band, is getting to be an expert player on
the trombone, and we hope to hear him give
us a solo soon.
Howard Collins is now 'working at the East
Farm. He was changed from the bakery and
says he likes it better. I hope he will do good
work.
The McDowell baseball team will be out here
on the thirty-6r8t of March. I hope that both
teams will do their best to win the game.
Robert Stanley is getting to be a good
milker at the dairy.
We fifth C pupils are glad to have Thomas
Jefferson back in school again, and he is get-
ting along pretty well with the class.
John Heap Of Birds is getting to be a good
wagon maker.
Charles Reynolds, a Cheyenne who has been
working at the printer's trade about one year,
designed the poem page for this week's issue.
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t is not the blare of the trumpet,
Or the smile of success that means
worth.
But noble persistent endeavor;
This merits the praises of earth.
Pine Ridge, South Dakota Fannie B. WiUiam.
1
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Fort Lapwai Sanatorium, Fort Lapwai, Idaho.
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Volume tS
3farch 28, t9t4
Somber 13
Spring Vacation
/T
"All work and no play makes Jack a dull
boy" is an old adage that was based on such
sound human nature that it is as true today
as when we first heard it. Acting on this
theory, the spring vacation was arranged,
has come into general favor among the best
of our educational
institutions,
and this year has
been made a feature
in the life of the
Phoenix Indian
school.
The week begin-
ning March 30 will
be devoted to
events outside the
usual weekly rou-
tine. It will be a
week of relaxation
from regular school-
room and shop
duties, although the
necessary work of
the school will be
kept up to the re-
quired standard
The vacation has
been provided, but
the best value can-
not be derived from
it unless every pupil
2:00
7:00
9:00
2:00
8:00
8:00
9:30
2:00
3:00
7:30
8:15
several years been held during commence-
ment week, will take place this year earlier
in order that our reservation people may
more conveniently be in attendance, and it
is hoped that each nearby reservation will
be largely represented. The conference will
be held on Wednes-
day afternoon,
April 1, but the
school hopes to
have the returned
students remain
and enjoy the other
events of the week,
mingle with the
pupils of the pres-
ent who will soon
be "returned stu-
dents" and take up
the work of the
home builder and
home maker. The
success of the older
ones should be an
incentive to the
pupils, andthe
opportunities of the
pupils should be an
inspiration to those
who have already
gone out.
The school ex-
PROGRAM
TUESDAY, MARCH 31
p. m. Baseball,
p. m. Band concert.
WEDNESDAY. APRIL 1
a. m. Baseball,
p. m. Ketumed students' confer^
ence.
p. m. Returned students' reception.
THURSDAY. APRIL 2
p. m. Junior contest rehearsal.
FRIDAY, APRIL 3
a. m. Athletic sports,
p. m. Five-mile race,
p. m. Baseball,
p. m. Band concert,
p. m. junior declamation contest.
J^
and every teacher enters into the spirit of it
heartily.
Besides the baseball, tennis, band concerts
and athletic sports, two events of more
serious import are on the program. The re-
turned students' conference which has for
tends a welcome to employees of other schools
and reservations including mission schools
and it is hoped that many will be present dur-
ing the week. A special invitation is extended
to attend the returned students' conference on
Wednesday afternoon at 2:00 p. m.
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tf 8 The Native American
The Marshall Field's of Tokyo-
ROM SuperiDtendeDt Goodman's sister who b now in Japan comes an in-
teresting letter from which we quote:
**Today we visited the Mitsukoshi, Tokyo's largest department store.
It was on a narrow street at right angles to Ginza dori, the main thor-
oughfare of Tokyo. It seemed almost like an alley at first glance, but as
the Mitsui bank is across the street and numerous jinrikshas as well as
several automobiles stood in front, I began to feel more respect for the
place. The store we visited was three stories with a center court.
'*As we entered an alert attendant gave us checks for our umbrellas and small parcels
and then covered our shoes with rubber slippers to protect the matting. And then our
eyes were gladdened by the sight of potted plants and pine trees reaching to the ceiling;
also by the winsome appearance of Japanese ladies and children, shopping without hats.
"There were numerous tray-like counters containing dress patterns neatly folded and
ticketed — enough for a kimona in each package. Some delicate merinos were protected by
a stiff paper covering at one end containing price and quantity marks. There were dlso
ready-made hakama, or students' pleated skirts, and children's clothing, both native and
foreign styles. The latter were dainty, but not made in the prevailing American styles.
The white si'k dresses for little girls, for example, were elaborately trimmed with shirring.
The few little girls one sees on the street in foreign dress too often wear large white pina-
fores of English design.
'*The Japanese ladies looked very small, but their large sashes were a fascinating study
in color and design. The children were very dear in their long, narrow kimonas, gay
sashes, white 'tabi,' or stockings, straw sandals, hair falling down their backs like joy 'un-
confined' except for a bow of gauze on top of the head.
'The fancy articles cannot be called cheap, a cloth traveling case for combs and
brushes being three or four yen. The furniture was very artistic and beautifully made*
but too Frenchy to suit American taste. I looked longingly, but looked in vain, for a
Morris chair. The backs do not fit the American frame at all — short and stubby.
"When we left the emporium a group of uniformed lads shouted in a cheerful voice.
'arigato, zonjimasu (honorable thanks — come again).' It left a good impression; also the
pretty wrapping paper with pictures of various articles sold in the store, especially the
immense *kaya,' or mosquito houses. They are about as large as a house, an immense
square of mosquito netting with four sides falling to the flaor, and the whole attached to
hooks in the room by elaborate tapes and rings.
"One day this week I went with a friend to luncheon at the Mitsukoshi store. My
pretty hostess, Mrs. Consul Shimizu, formerly of Chicago, now of Sidney, Australia, had
studied English with me in Chicago, and it seemed natural, yet strange, to be going down
town together in Tokyo, she in Japanese dress with no hat; I in a blue serge suit and brown
straw hat of Chicago make. We found the *shokodo,' or diningroom, on the third floor
quite crowded but were able to get a round table near a screened window very soon. Most
of the tables were long, seating perhaps ten or a dozen people. The waitresses were quite
pretty with white aprons crossed and tied coquettishly above their big sashes. Some of
the young men were smoking but the quality of tobacco was excellent. Two elderly ladies,
with wrinkled and worn faces but good clothes, came to our table and seated themselves.
They produced tiny long pipes and lighted them, the first time I had seen women smoking
in Japan, though travelers say it is very common. Our order was filled quickly and was
delicious. First, uncolored Japan tea in tiny cups; then two trays, each one contaning
(Continued on iMge 173)
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March 28, 1914 169
Commissioner Cato Sells on the Liquor Traffic
March 25,1914.
To all Employees in the Indian Service:
The following is an excerpt from mp address to the conference of field super-
visors on the evening of Februarg 20, 1914:
I believe that the greatest present menace to the American Indian is whiskey: It does
more to destroy his constitution and invite the ravages of disease than anything else: It
does more to demoralize him as a man and frequently as a woman: It does more to make
him an easy prey to the unscrupulous than everything else combined. If I say nothing more
to you tonight that leaves an impression, let it be this one thought: Let us save the Ameri-
can Indian from the curse of whiskey.
We have a force of men engaged in the suppression of the liquor traffic. That is their
special business. But it is my business, and it is your business, to do everything we can
without injecting ourselves offensively into the work of others or assuming a duty that is
not properly ours, to create an atmosphere and suggest conditions that will be helpful in this
respect, and above all to be a personal object-lesson inviting the Indian to banish liquor,
rather than to be guilty of anything that may cause him to look upon one of us as a justi-
fication for doing tl\at which leads him to the destruction caused by the use of whiskey.
There is nothing that could induce me, since 1 have taken the oath of oflBce as Com-
missioner of Indian Affairs, to touch a single drop of any sort of intoxicating liquor, and
this regardless of my attitude on the prohibition question.
As a matter of good faith to our treaty relationships, to legislative enactments, to the Con-
gress which appropriates $100,000 a year for the suppression of the liquor traffic among
the Indians, we should do everything reasonably within our power to justify this appro-
priation and insure the best results obtainable. This accomplished, we have laid a sub-
stantial foundation for all of our work in solving the Indian problem, and made a long
step forward looking toward their equipment for the responsibilities of citizenship.
It is mv great desire that even) employee in the Indian Service shall realize the
tremendous importance of the liquor suppression work, and exert his best efforts and
influence for the protection of the Indian from this, his worst enemp.
I desire this letter to be regarded as a personal communication to everp em-
plogee in the Indian Service, and that it be seriously treated as such, and I especially
request that on the sixth dag of April, Nineteen-Fourteen, the same be read to the
student bodg of everp Indian school, including those under Government, mission, or
private supervision.
Sincerely gours,
CATO SELLS,
Commissioner.
I am addressing the above letier to each of the six thousaind employees in the
Indian Service.
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170
The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second ClasB Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TYVKNTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST.
Mr. Moore returned Sunday evening from
Fremont, Ohio, where he was called by the
death of his brother.
^os
Major Grinstead spent Monday in Tucson
on business connected with the National
Guard.
Superintendent Goodman drove to Sacaton
Monday to take Mr. Hall and bring back Mr.
Charles. Miss Gaither and Ricardo Padilla
made the trip also.
«o&
We expect a few dual meets with the Phoe-
nix High school and Normal in the near
future and the boys are going to ^et into as
good condition as they possibly can to offset
our apparent defeat at Tempe Saturday.
=50&
Secretary Hall of the Y. M. C. A. work
gave a second talk to the pupils Saturday
evening. Reservation life prevailed on this
occasion and many fine lessons were drawn
by the speaker as the pictures were thrown
on the canvas. Mr. Hall, after a brief visit
at Sacaton, left for the Pacific coast He
will visit Riverside and then proceed as far
north as Chemawa.
A. G. Nahler, who left Phoenix last fall to
accept an appointment as industrial teacher
at Tohatchi, New Mexico, has resigned his
position and will leave the- first of April for
his home at Duff, Indiana. He expects to
take a business course at his old home, but
thinks he will not be satisfied to locate any
other place after living in the Salt River
valley.
We note that Dr. J. G. Janney of White
Earth, Minn., has been transferred to Kiowa
agency, Anadarko, Oklahoma, as physician.
«06=
Everything is in readiness for the printers*
picnic today and the boys who print the
Native American expect to have a good time
all day.
30S;
Miss Bullard and her girls entertained at
luncheon Wednesday at the industrial cottage
Supervisor Charles, Superintendent Goodiaaa
and Mrs. Goodman, Mrs. Owsley and Miss Rice*
'SO*
Mr. Wade, our school gardener, has been
keeping a watchful eye on the flowers, but
occasionally a beautiful posy disappears
from the grounds without his permission.
Sweet peas, roses, nasturtiums, pansies,
sweet elysium and cornflowers are blooming
profusely now.
«oe
Supervisor Charles left Wednesday even-
ing for Albuquerque and Santa Fe schools
for his last official visit. At the expiration
of his annual leave Mr. Charles' connection
with the Indian service will be severed and
he will settle down to enjoy home life in
Denver.
SOS;
Dan Crawford, who has spent 23 years as
a missionary in central Africa, talked to the
pupils in the auditorium Sunday afternoon.
Mr. Crawford is a Scotchman and his wife is
now visiting with their 19-year-old son in the
highland home where he has spent most of
his life away from his missionary parents.
They expect soon to return to their work,
leaving the ordinary comfort-loving Ameri-
can wondering at the self-sacrifice of the
Christian worker in the foreign field.
Miss Brownlee says she is busy getting
accustomed to her new position at Parker.
She sometimes gets lonesome for the larger
crowd of girls at Phoenix, as she is in one of
the girls* cottages with only sixteen members
in her "family.**
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March 28, 1914
171
Indian War Veteran Receives Metal
Mr. Gehringer is the proud possessor of
an Indian war medal which he received on
March 13 through the adjutant general
from the superintendent of the United States
mint from Philadelphia, Pa.
Mr. Gehriuger earned the medal thirty
years ago in an Indian war against the
Apaches and other tribes through Arizona,
New Mexico, and a'ong the border of Old
Mexico. The Apache campaign lasted a
year in which time he covered more than
2,000 miles.
The Indians were under Geronimo, and
they kept securing fresh mounts from ranches
or wherever horses could be obtained, and
abandoning their worn out horses, while the
soldiers could not secure fresh horses. The
soldiers guarded all springs and water holes
and in this way succeeded in outdoing the
Indians. — Nevada American,
Lowe, who is in the hospital. This motion was
seconded and carried by the house.
Motion for adjournment was made and
seconded and the society adjburned.
Powhatan Literary Society
X6llie Mc Arthur^ Aclino Secretary
The Powhatan Literary Society held its
meeting in the chapel Monday evening March
23. After the house was called to order by
the president, a song was sung by the society.
The minutes of the previous meeting were
read and approved. There being no other
business before the house the society
proceeded with the following program:
Recitation John Winnerchety
Song Society
Debate — Resolved, That women should have
equal rights with men.
Affirmative — Dottie Webber, Dinah Mclyean
and Nellie McArthur.
Negative — Benedict Toahty, Lemuel Yukku
and Frank Butler.
The judges appointed were Miss Garton,
Mr. Stacy and Mr. Klingenberg.
After the discussion the judges went out
to make their decision. The debate was
thrown open to the house but no one spoke.
The judges* decision was then announced in
favor of the negative.
Another song was sung by the society. A
motion was then made that the secretary
should write a letter to our secretary, Carl
Farm J\[otes
The farm teams have hauled quite a lot
of building material this winter,
Our water supply has been short this
season and for this reason our grain fields
are not looking quite up to the standard.
All of the alfalfa fields have been recently
harrowed and the alfalfa is making rapid
growth since the weather has begun to get
warm. The boys will be harvesting hay in
a short time. Francisco George is the
expert hay stacker. Jose Juar, Daniel Reed,
George Paul and several other boys are good
mowers.
We are delighted to learn that Congress is
expected to make an appropriation to con-
nect our school sewage system with that of
the city. The daily care of the sewage is "a
thorn in the flesh" to the farm boys.
The farm boys have planted two acres to
Egyptian cotton. The land was first turned
with a four- horse sulky plow, disk harrowed,
checked and irrigated. It was then redisktd,
dragged, spike harrowed and planted. The
rows were laid off four feet apart and the
seed drilled in with a planter. It is difficult
to get a good stand of cotton in an adobe soil
such as we have here on the school farm.
Cotton comes up in loop form and cannot
break through a hard top crust.
East of the cotton the boys hav^ a patch
of broom corn. This patch was accidently
flooded shortly after being planted which
caused a crust to form. However, a nice
stand is being secured as broom corn conies
up erect and has a sharp point which can
pierce through a hard crust.
Fred Quail, one of the printing office b.)ys
and a pitcher on the school team, fell and
hurt his pitching hand. He will be all right
in a few days.
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172
The Native American
Baseball
Track
^yithleiic^
Swimming
Tennis
Track Meet at Tempe
The results of the track meet at Tempe
last Saturday between the teams of the val-
ley ought to have a good efiect on athletics
of the schools in this part of the state. It
certainly showed the weak points of the dif-
ferent teams, especially as conditions were
ideal, and there was no excuse for each par-
ticipant not doing his best. The judges de-
serve praise for their fairness to all the com-
batants. In a meet of this description it is
opponent by about a hundred yards. This is
the only event in which our
boys carried off first honors
but considering the amount
of practice they were able
to get that was to be ex-
pected. We WOP thurd place
in the relay and in the half
mile we took second on ac-
count of the disqualification
of one of the high school runners. Edward
PHOENIX INDIAN SCHOOL TRACK TEAM.
impossible that there should not be a few
misunderstandings which some people con-
strue as unfairness.
Our boys showed up better than was ex-
pected of them before the match. Each
one of them did his very^
best, in most cases doing^
considerably better than
was done here on their
own track. Walter Nata-
chaan made the mile in
4 minutes 53 seconds, beating his nearest
Flores outdid himself in the shotput, making
38 feet 4 inches, and Roy Braden. a new boy,
who has never jumped before, cleared the
rod at 5 feet 2 inches with considerable to
spare but on account of lack of practice
could do no better after the rod was raised,
and he was eliminated.
We certainly appreciate the hearty support
of the students who went with us from the
school and only wish that some of the em-
ployees could have found it convenient to
come along to encourage the boys.
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March 28, 1914
The Marshall Field's of Tokyo
(Continued from page 168)
soup, fish and pickles; the rice in a separate
lacquered box for two, a generous supply.
After the first course we had cakes, cream
puffs and oolong tea with loaf sugar and
milk, prettily served. My hostess says it is
not so expensive as Field's in Chicago and
you don*t wait so long, but the diningroom,
it may be said, was not so pretty as the
Chicago grill and tea room. Formeriy wo-
men came chiefly to Mitsukosho, but the
food is so delicious and reasonable in price
and the girls so attractive, as one confessed
to me, that now men come often."
Baseball Tournament
The baseball tournament will open on the
afternoon of March 31, with a double-header.
Sacaton and Salt River are matched to play
the first game, followed by McDowell and
Casa Blanca That the teams are coming to
win is shown by the letters we have received.
One manager says: ** While all members of the
regular team may not be able to be over, we
think we can send over a team that will be
more than a match for any team that may
come to bat with them.'* Other managers
seem as hopeful, so it looks as if there would
be some great baseball. We have been as-
sured that a number will enter the five-mile
race, though at this date no names of entrees
have been received.
No Race Relationship
That there is no relationship between the
Egyptians and Pueblo Indians, as is the popu-
lar belief, was the statement of Dr. J. Walter
Fewkes of the Bureau of Ethnology of the
Smithsonian in an address before the Anthro-
pological Society of Washington recently at
the National Museum.
Dr. Fewkes has spent years in Egypt, Ari-
zona and New Mexico tracing the customs
and habits of these two peoples. He just
returned from the Pueblo country. In Egyp-
tian records he went back as far as the first
dynasty's reign, 4480 B. C.
173
**The similarity between the dwellmg
houses and life of the two races is striking,"
said he, "but I feel sure that this is due to
the fact that these races have always dwelt
in arid sections. Naturally people living in
the same sort of climate, no matter how
widely separated territorially, will adopt prac-
tically the same means of comfort. I think
this alone accounts for the resemblance which
has apparently misled so many investigators."
— Washington Star
Sonday ETeninl Neetin|s
William T. Moore. Secretary
On Sunday evening the Y. M. C. A. and
Y. W. C. A. had the most interesting pro-
gram of the year and enjoyed the interest-
ing speeches made by G. S. Bilheimer and
G. D. McDill, secretaries of the executive
committee of the internati nal committee
of the Y. M. C. A.
After these interesting speeches were
made Mr. Hall made his last speech to a
gathering of the members about ourselves,
how to send our prayer to God and to have
a close conference with Him.
Our president was unable to be present at
this conference but a number of prayers
were made for his recovery.
Junior Declamation Contest
The preliminary junior declamation contest
took place Wednesday evening and the follow-
ing pupils were selected for the final contest
which will be open to the public Friday even-
ing, April 3: Juan Vavages, William T. Moore,
Maryanna Rhodes, George Paul, John Taylor
and Fay Mitchell. The program is as follows:
Orchestra
The Tramp Violinist {Smith) Fay Mitchell
Anchored {Watson) Chorus
The Old Trapper's Christmas Dinner {Murray)
Juan Vavages
The Boy Orator of Zapata City {Davis)
William T. Moore
L/'estu diantina {/Rogues) Chorus
Ole Mistis {Moore) Maryanna Rhodes
The Sub Mascot {Anon) John Taylor
How Men Found the Great Spirit {Burr)
Georg^e Paul
Blow Soft Winds {Oxenford) Chorus
Orchestra
Decision of judges.
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174
Native American
From Other SchooU
Roster of Fort Lapwai Sanatorium
By Special Correspondent.
The employees of the Fort lyapwai sanator-
ium, of which the Native American prints a
half-tone frontispiece this week, is as follows:
John N. Alley, Superintendent and physician
Henry L/Unt, Clerk
Margaret L. Wallace, Teacher
Hattie E. Drake, Teacher
Frances F. Evans, Seamstress
Corinne Thornton, Housekeeper
Lk)u a. Trott, Housekeeper
Jessie E. Clark, I^aundress
Anna C. Laderoute, Assistant laundress
Ida I. AUigier, Cook
Anna B. Oskins, Assistant cook
Mary E. Metzler, Chief nurse
Josephine A. Carpenter, Nurse
Ida M, Towns, Nurse
Charles Crisp, Farmer
Fred Clark, Carpenter
Fred A. Foote, Engineer
Earl R. Smith, Dairyman
Charles F. Baker, (temp.) lyaborer
Earl W. Kinser, ^temp.) Laborer
Edwin Holee, (temp.) Laborer
Lower Brule, South Dakota
Brule Rustler.
Clyde M. Norton, superintendent of live
stock, has resigned his position here, and has
returned to Malvern, Iowa, where he intends
to take care of his father, now over eighty
years of age, and work the **old home farm.*'
Mr. and Mrs. Norton left here on the 27th.
Mr. Norton is a competent stock man and we
arc sorry to have him leave the work here.
Stephen Olop, superintendent of construc-
tion, arrived hereon the 26th from Pine Ridge.
Mrs. Olop had a comfortable **home** running
on regular schedule within twenty-four hours
after their arrival.
Dr. Boyd R. Read, our physician, left here
on the 28th for Washington, D. C, intending
to leave the service at the end of his leave.
Mrs. Read did not have good health in this
locality and has been away since the holidays.
S. A. M. Young of Mitchell, South Dakota,
supervisor of Indian schools for the district
of South Dakota, spent a few days here re-
cently. We were very sorry that a buined
building had to be the reason for his visit.
Anadarko, Oklahoma.
Horns and School.
Our district farmer, George Hunt, is to be
transferred to the Mount Scott station. Mr. J.
Grant Bell of Chilocco has arrived to assume
charge of this station.
Dr. W. E. VanCleave, the eye specialist, ar-
rived last week and has already inaugurated a
determined fight against trachoma.
Mrs. MagaretA. Warren, trained nurse, from
Yuma, Arizona, is assisting Dr. VanCleave in
treating the children's eyes.
In 1886 the United States effected the cap-
ture of Geronimo and a band of his tribespeople,
the Apaches of Arizona. As prisoners of war,
they were taken first to Florida, then moved to
Mount Vernon, Alabama, and again moved to
Fort Sill in 1894. Here they were settled as
prisoners of war, given some land to till, helped
to some cattle and stock, and kept within
bounds. On March 7, 1914, the last one was
discharged from the condition of prisoner, and
now all are living upon allotments which they
have chosen as neighbors to the other Indians
and the white people of Caddo and Comanche
counties. The government has started them
off very well. They all know how to work, all
have saved up some money and we hope they
will do what they can to make their neighbors
better. Some are Christians. We hope they
will live the life of faith open to all.
Truxton Canon.
By Special Correspondent.
Mr. Webb and Mr. Shell were Hackberry
callers Sunday.
The superintendent and farmer made a trip
recently to Peach Springs where they took in a
bootlegger. Mr. Shell afterward escorted him
to Kingman.
The farmer's new residence is nearing com-
pletion.
Miss Ford and Mrs. Riggs have been makings
garden during their leisure time these pleasant
spring days.
Mr. Sheart has been entertaining the boys
with piano music of evenings.
John Savorias and Wesley Sullivan were
Kingman visitors Sunday.
Continued on page 176)
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March 28, 1914
175
Contributed by 'PupiU
Fifth Grade B.
Annie S. Yeager and Helen A. Makathutare
getting- to be the best baseball players among
the girls. Annie S. Yeager is the pitcher. She
pitches swift balls and curves. Helen A. Maka-
thut is the champion catcher. She stands on
second base and catches every fly ball that
comes to her.
Annie Yeager, one of the Yuma girls, is
lucky in doing anything. Once she got hold
of an iron post that had a hole in the center^
and swung it up and, behold, a mother mouse
and her young iumped out, and when she saw
that, she cried out: **I'm in luck.'*
McDowell Indian baseball team will come
over on March 31 to play. They hope to win the
game.
I am very glad to see the roses blooming
again and also trees becoming green. It
seems as though summer is here now.
The carpenter boys are busy at East Farm.
They had to make more houses up there. I
suppose they will finish next month.
We are all looking forward to the spring
vacation which will be here next week. We
all hope to have a good time during the week.
We fifth grade B pupils are going to have a
test in language Friday. I hope we make
some good grades out of it.
Charles Cedartree is now training for the
100-yard dash for the next track meet and we
hope he will win the race.
We boys are glad to see Mr. Moore come
back again. He went home on account of his
brother's death.
We fifth grade B pupils are going to have
an arithmetic contest in fractions this morning.
All the company E boys like to have Robert
Burke as their captain because he is filling the
position well.
Herman Ahsee is getting to be a good long
distance runner. He says can beat every boy.
I think we have about the best school ground
around here. Everything looks green and
pretty and Mr. Wade's detail is the one that is
making it look so nice.
The Saltriver baseball team is coming over
to the Indian School to play baseball during
spring vacation.
Harry Lives said he is glad because this is
the last week to work at the schoolhouse.
We fifth grade B are studying about Roger
Williams.
We are glad to see the leaves on the trees
around the campus as spring is here again.
We children are very glad that summer is
coming for some of us are going home.
We are glad that spring vacation is so near
and hope that every pupil will made the best
record in these few days of school and after
the vacation is over we hope every one will
come to school again for hard work.
Seventh Grade B
We were glad to know that one of our class-
mates, Carl LK)we, is getting better, and we all
hope that he may soon get well so he can take
up his studies again, as we miss him very much.
The literary society held its meeting as
usual at the chapel. There was adebate between
three boys and three girls: Resolved, That wo-
men have a right to vote as well as men. The
debate closed in favor of the negative. The
recitation of John Winnerchy was also very
well done.
In geography, we are now studying about
Greenland and will take up Central America
soon. It is interesting to study about the
northern countries as they are different from
ours.
The sewing room girls are through with the
company D's work dresses and are now work-
ing on those for company E.
William Whitman, a graduate of this school,
writes a very interesting letter from his home.
He expects to be here during the holidays of
next week.
We have holidays next week and we will
surely enjoy them.
It is rumored that the band is going to give
another concert in the chapel.
The literary society was pleased to have
their usual program. The best speaker for
the night seemed to have been John Winner-
chy, of whom Fort Sill may be proud as it
was there he got his training, It was the first
time he has been on the program. The pro-
gram in general was a good one having a
interesting debate besides other speeches.
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176
The Native American
The printers are going to have a picnic to-
day.
The track team had a fine trip to Tempe
last Saturday in an automobile and are ex-
pecting another meet with the Phoenix high
and Tempe.
I received some time ago a card telling that
James Ottipoby, a Comanche boy, had left for
Iowa to be educated as a minister. I hope he
will be a strong leader among his people.
We seventh grade B pupils are now studying
about Mexico and Central America for our
geography lessons and we hope to get some
excellent grades.
Jose Pallan, one of the printers, says that he
would rather be a farmer. He is getting to be
an expert on the trombone.
Next literary night some of the boys will do
some stunts such as roping. Our society is
improving. We had some good speakers this
week.
The boys that went to Tempe Saturday all
enjoyed their trip. Also the boys that took
part in some of the track events did very well
considering the one week's practice which
they had.
John Winnerchy spoke very well in the Pow-
hatan society of this school.
The children of this school paid close at-
tention to the talk given by Rev. Mr. Craw-
ford from Africa. The pictures of Rev. Mr.
Hall were also interesting.
Seventh Grade A
The girls are busy making badges for the
junior class.
The first of the week we started studying
interest in our arithmetic class.
Frank Waterson is now working in the barn,
but he says he would like to work on the farm
again.
We were delighted to hear that Carl LK>we,
who has been sick for the last two months, is
improving in his health. We are all hoping
that he will get well soon.
The sewing room girls have finished the
work dresses and are now ready to start the
new summer uniforms.
The first team is practicincf hard in bat-
ting and they are improving; after the batting
practice they ha ve games with the second team.
The printers are hard at work this week in
order to take the paper out Friday so they can
go on their annual picnic Saturday.
Truxton Canon, Arizona
(Continued from page 174)
Mrs. ^axwell called on Miss Woodworth
Friday evening.
Mr. and Mrs. Shell, and Dr. and Mrs. Riggs»
Mr. and Mrs. Maxwell, Mr. and Mrs. Peacore
and Miss Wheelock, the assistant cook from^
Wisconsin, were among the number that at-
tended the church festival at Hackberr^the
16th.
With the playground apparatus and athletic
sports, the children are improving much in their
general health.
The teachers have submitted their theses.
Miss Nessel reports favorably for her assis.
tant, Miss Wheelock.
Fort Totten, North Dakota
Fort TotUn Review.
James York reported for duty on the first
of March, coming from Joplin, Missouri. Mr.
York is a new appointee in the service and is
getting along well in his work with the
farmers.
Miss Carson reported for duty as seamstress
on Feb. 17th, relieving Mrs. Welliver who had
been employed temporarily for some time.
Miss Carson has had same previous experi-
ences in Indian schools but comes as a new
appointee. We are all glad to have her in our
circle of workers.
Mr. Dingle has just been transferred to the
Wahpeton school where he is expected to re-
port for duty April 1, succeeding Joseph
Iliff who goes to Chilocco to assume the po-
sition of superintendent of industries left va-
cant by the death of his father, Amos B. Iliff,
a veteran in the Indian Service, who has filled
responsible positions faithfully for the last
quarter of a century. Mr. Dingle entered the
Indian Service at Fort Totten as carpenter
June 14, 1906.
The engineers have finished the heating
system in the new hospital. It gives excellent
satisfaction. They are working on the water
and sewer systems at present. The new arc
light on the south side of the square attests
their energy in the electric line.
The new feed mill has arrived and will
be placed in the granary, the power to be
f urni-ihed by the tractor.
Capt. Irish— What are you smiling about?
Prof. Matthews— I was just thinking how
lucky it was that Noah could go ahead and
build his ark without waiting for an appropria-
tion from Congress. — Tempe Normal Student*
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^15*0 a correspondent am-
bitious to do something
great, who sought the ad-
vice of Mayor William J.
Gaynor of New York, the
mayor replied:
"Do not try too hard to
do something great. I ad-
vise you to begin with lit-
tle things. Do little things.
If you have something to
teach, teach it to two or
three, or to those around
you. Those who are
waiting for some great oc-
casion to do something
great rarely do anything
at all. Do what comes to
your hand."
— Christian Science Monitor
OCSI«NKO BY WALTKR MCKINUE V, OSAOC, PRI N T«R-A^PREN TICB.
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Judge Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
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ill*]
'NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE''
mm.
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
IW
Devot€d to Indian Education
Volume 15
c4pra4, I9I4
9{umber 14
Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs for the Fiscal Year 1913
HE eighty -second annual report of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, cover-
ing the period from July 1. 1912. to June 30, 1913. will soon be ready
for the public distribution.
This being the first report of Commissioner Cato Sells, it deals prin-
cipally with the activities of the Indian Bureau during the administra-
tion of his predecessors. Commissioner Sells having assumed control of
the bureau about one month before the end of the fiscal year. Consider-
able space is given to a recitation of the Commissioner's suggestions as to the needs of the
Indian Service, attention being invited to some of the larger questions which now confront
his oflSce for solution in the administration of the affairs of the Indians. The report being
for the fiscal year 1913, of course no reference is made to the activities or ac3omplishments
of the Indian Bureau since July 1, 1913.
Attention is called to the fact that the Indian country under the jurisdiction of the In-
dian Office has an area as large as that of all the New England states and the state of New
York combined. It is stated that there are approximately three hundred thousand Indians,
whose combined property is estimated to be worth about nine hundred millions of dollars.
Commissioner Sells says that the question of how this property may be conserved for
the benefit of the Indians, and how they shall be taught to make the best use thereof and
otherwise become properly equipped to take their place as citizens of the United States, are
the great problems confronting the Indian Bureau.
He says that among the details still to be worked out and which are now pending, he
finds that, notwithstanding the fact that since 1876 the government has provided approxi-
mately eighty million dollars for schools among the Indians, there are today ten thousand
Indian children without any school facilities whatever, principally in the southwest, and
more particularly among the Navaho and Papago Indians. That there are about seven
thousand five hundred defective Indian children, either physically or mentally, for whose care
and training no adequate facilities are available. The present available appropriation for In-
dian schools provides for 223 day schools, situated on Indian reservations near the Indian
homes; 76 boarding schools located on the reservations, and 35 boarding schools located
off the reservations and known as non-reservation schools. Of the 65,000 Indian children
of school age, these schools care for approximately 25,000. There are enrolled in mission
and public schools 22,500 Indian children, leaving 17,500 normal and defective children
uncared for. Attention is called to the need for increased appropriations for Indian school
work, so that all Indian children may be provided with school facilities.
The Commissioner describes the health conditions among the Indians as deplorable.
Under the jurisdiction of his bureau there are approximately 25,000 Indians suffering from
tuberculosis, while the available Indian hospital facilities for all of these patients, adults
and children, will not exceed three hundred beds. During the past fiscal year 1,905 Indians
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180 The Native American
were reported as having died from tuberculosis; this being probably not more than seventy-
five per cent of the total number of Indians who have died from this disease during the
fiscal year. Thirty-two per cent of all deaths reported from the reservations were due to
pulmonary tuberculosis, as against 11.2 per cent occurring from the same disease in the
registered area of the United States. The death rate among the Indians was 32.25 per
thousand, while the Census Bureau gives 16.00 per thousand for the entire registered area
of the United States. Trachoma is referred to as a serious eye disease of which there ex-
ists more than sixty thousand cases among the Indians. It is said to be very essential that
additional appropriations be made to construct hospitals to check and control these diseases
and to improve the Indians* health conditions generally, also to prevent contagion among
their white neighbors.
Closely related to the prevalence of tuberculosis and trachoma are the housing condi-
tions of Indians. It is estimated that there are approximately eight thousand Indian fami-
lies without homes, who live in mud lodges, tepees and wickiups, a large number of them on
dirt floors and under revolting conditions. There are thousands of Indian families who
live in one or two room shacks or cabins under sanitary conditions which must of neces-
sity cause the propagation of disease such as tuberculosis and trachoma
Notwithstanding the fact that many Indians have been allotted large areas of valuable
lands, ranging from eighty to three hundred and twenty acres to each Indian, these deplor-
able housing conditions continue to exist. As the Indian owns tribal and individual tim-
ber valued at more than eighty million dollars, the Government has provided a large num-
ber of saw mills, located on various reservations throughout the Indian country. It is the
Commissioner's purpose to enter upon a vigorous campaign to improve the housing condi-
tions of the Indians, wherever practicable.
The Indian water rights situation on a number of reservations is such as to demand
serious and prompt consideration. Legislation has been enacted by Congress which makes
beneficial use of water on Indian lands and in certain reservations necessary, if the water
rights are to be held by the Indians. Congress has provided an appropriation for construct-
ing expensive irrigation projects on several reservations, reimbursable out of Indian funds,
and the Indians are required to make beneficial use of the water on certain reservations with-
in a limited and comparatively short time. If this is not done they lose their water rights
and forfeit the same to subsequent users of the water. On a number of reservations agri-
cultural lands are practically valueless without water. The Government holds the Indiaq
lands in trust for the benefit of the Indians for a period of twenty-five years from the time
of allotment. It seems highly important to conserve the water rights of the Indians and at
the same time substantially encourage them to make beneficial use of the water by farm-
ing their allotments.
The allotting of lands to Indians has been conducted ever since the enactment of the
General Allotment Act of February 8, 1887. It is estimated that there have been allotted
to 180,000 Indians about 34,000,000 acres of their lands, and that there remains to be al-
lotted about 39,000,000 acres of lands owned by them. There are nearly 120,000 unallotted
Indians.
The timber owned by Indians has a stumpage value of over $80,000,000. Approximately
one-seventh of this value is in timber on unallotted land. The greater part of the unal-
lotted timber is upon non-agricultural lands in the Rocky Mountain and Pacific states.
The timber cover upon these tribal lands bears a very direct relation to the regulation of
the water supply for lands both inside and outside of the Indian reservations. Even where
it is not essential that the forest cover be maintained on tribal land, for forest con-
servation purposes, it is frequently advisable that the forest be perpetuated as a source of
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April 4, 19 M
181
fuel and water supply. One of the difficult
problems which confronts the Indian Service
is the administration of these timber lands
so as to provide a substantial revenue for
Indians as agricultural development takes
place within the reservation and yet not
aSect unfavorably the future, both as regards
the timber itself and the water supply.
Commissioner Sells says that there are
now pending at the various agencies through-
out the Indian country, awaiting the deter-
mination of the heirs of deceased Indian al-
lottees under the Act of June 25, 1910, about
forty thousand cases, which represent in-
herited lands worth approximately sixty
million dollars; that he finds in the office
about fifteen hundred cases upon which
final action has not been taken. The press-
ing need for a large appropriation to enable
the office to bring this work up to date and
continue same, is shown.
The immense opportunity for the improve-
ment of existing industrial conditions of the
Indians is referred to. The Commissioner
states that the Indians have more than six
hundred thousand acres of irrigated lands;
approximately nine million acres of agricul-
tural land; and more than fifty million acres
of grazing land, and the Government has
appropriated approximately ten million dol-
lars in connection with Indian irrigation
projects. Many able-bodied Indians who
have valuable laods are wholly or partially
without seed, teams or implements to utilize
such lands. This is particularly true on
several reservations where large sums of
tnbal funds have been used in constructing
irrigation systems and is in part the reason
why such large areas of irrigated lands are
now under cultivation.
The valuable grazing lands of the Indians
offer unusual opportunities for increasing the
meat supply of the country, and at the same
time furnish large profit and employment for
the Indians. During the last year the Indians
cultivated less than six hundred thousand
acres of their vast area of agricultural land.
The Commissioner will make an aggressive
effort to procure reimbursable appropriations
witn which to advance to the Indians the
greatly needed equipment, stock and other
betterments absolutely necessary, that they
may make beneficial use of their resources
and become self-supporting and progressive
citizens. These reimbursable appropriations,
if procured and properly used, will result in
ultimately materially decreasing the gratuity
appropriations. The need is stated for ad-
ditional legislation by Congress to m et the
purposes, such as legislation authorizing the
mining on executive order reservations; leas-
lation segregating tribal and trust funds
in the United States Treasury; and legislation
authorizing the submission of claims of In-
dian tribes to the Court of Claims.
Attention is called to the existing condi-
tions in eastern Oklahoma among the Five
Civilized Tribes, in connection with probat-
ing and handling estates of minor Indians in
the local courts, which the Commissioner
states are such as to require prompt and
vigorous consideration. Commissioner Sells
says that it is apparent that the policy of in-
dividualizing the Indian's property and the
removal of restrictions from the Indian as
fast as he demonstrates competency, together
with the proper protection of incompetents
and minors will greatly increase the work of
his office for several years, and that the
faster these things are accomplished the
greater will be the office force required to
handle allotments, sales of tribal and in-
dividual property and unallotted timber and
coal lands, the determining of heirs, the
granting of patents in fee, the handling of
segregated trust funds, and the numerous
other duties devolving upon the office.
The Commissioner emphasizes that the
work of the Indian Office in handling a vast
estate valued at approximately nine hundred
million dollars, belonging to three hundred
thousand wards of the government, should
not be crippled further b^ause of the failure
to procure such additional appropriation as
becoming — a commissioner who in all ways
fills the position that he occupies. Were
he a place seeker he would not now be at
(CondDaed on page 185)
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182
The Native American
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Clasn Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN. Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TVVKNTY-FIVB OE3NTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST.
Mrs. Jessie Morago, teacher at Sacaton
boarding school, arrived Wednesday after-
noon in time for the conference.
«06=.
Harvier Adams, a Phoenix graduate of the
class of 1912, came over Monday as captain
of the Salt River reservation ball team.
Misses Hendrix, Phelps and White were
guests of Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Anderson on an
automobile trip to Agua Galiente over Sun-
day.
Mrs. Anna Hoffman, field matron at the
Pima agency, drove over from Sacaton Mon-
day to be present at the returned students*
conference.
The band concerts of this week have added
greatly to the program of events, a number
of particularly pleasing selections being given
in splendid style.
F. M. Bartholomew, disciplinarian and
bandmaster at the Pima boarding school,
arrived Monday evening with the Sacaton
baseball aggregation.
Mrs. Lee Hardy, and son Gerald left Mon-
day for Hoopa, California, where Mr. Hardy
went the first of the year to accept the posi-
tion as disciplinarian.
SOS-:
Louie Shunk, father of Amelia, Helen
and Hattie Shunk, left Tuesday evening for
his home at Greenwood, South Dakota, after
spending the winter at Phoenix.
Mr. Venne went to Tempe today to act as
starter in the track meet held there today.
SOS'
Dr. Marden went to Tucson this week to
attend a meeting of the Arizona presbytery.
Mrs. Venne has accepted the position of
bookkeeper at Vaughn's store and has re-
turned to the club to board.
Thomas Picotte died in Phoenix Wednes-
day night, March 25, of tuberculosis. He
spent several winters in the southwest for
his health, and this year was accompanied
by his parents who were with him at the end.
Mr. and Mrs. Picotte left the next evening
with the remains of their son for Greenwood,
South Dakota, where interment will be mada
E. A. Francis is receiving the congratula-
tions of his friends this week, the occasion
being his marriage on last Saturday evening
to Mrs. Etta Platner of Phoenix. The cere-
mony was performed at the Presbyterian
manse by Rev. H. M. Campbell. Mr. and
Mrs. Francis have gone to housekeeping in
the west side of the apartment house, where
they are at home to friends.
On Saturday, April 11, one week from to-
day, the Maricopa County Teachers* Associ-
ation will be entertained at the Indian School
and about one hundred and fifty teachers are
expected to be present. The morning program
includes a visit to the industrial departments
between 9 and 10 o'clock and a session at
the chapel from 10 to 12:30. Luncheon wiU
then be served at the girls' sittingroom and
at 1:30 the guests will be invited to the ath-
letic field for military drill and dress parade.
An afternoon session of the association will
be held at 2 o'clock.
The Cook Bible school will hold its clos-
ing exercises next Wednesday evening at
the First Presbyterian church of Phoenix.
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April 4, 1914
183
Returned Students' Conference
That the conferences of returned students
are improving each year is the unanimous
opinion of those who have been in attend-
ance at these annual meetings. On Wed-
nesday afternoon there was the most repre-
sentative gathering of returned students that
has ever been our pleasure to entertain in
the school chapel. These former school boys
and girls responded with talks which showed
the trend of their ideas to be in the right
direction, and the afternoon was altogether
too short for hearing all who might have
contributed to the good of the assembly.
Next week's issue of the Native American
will be returned students* number, which will
contain some of the excellent remarks made
at one of the best annual conferences held
at the Phoenix School.
Dr. C. H. Ellis of Salt River was a caller
at the hospital last week.
Mrs. George Gebby was a recent caller on
friends at the hospital.
Junior Declamation Contest
The representatives of the junior class pre-
sented an interesting program Friday even-
ing. Each of the six contestants did ex-
ceedingly well, but the first prize, a gold
medal, was won by John Taylor, Osage,
The silver medal went to William T. Mooi-e,
Pima. The judges were Mr. Elliott of the
High school. Miss Fowler of Osborn school
and Mr. Hoag of Madison school. Mr. Elliott
who presented the medals with a brief
speech commending the pupils who took
part announced that the judges could make
little difference between the first two.
Hospital Notes
Martina Enos of Salt River, a school girl
at Phoenix three years ago, was a visitor at
the hospital last week to see her sister, Mar-
garet Enos.
Elizabeth Roberts has returned to her home
in Blackwater. She is improved in health.
Billie Sands, Mohave policeman on the
Colorado River reservation, came down from
Parker last week to see his niece, Joyce Wade,
who has been ill with pneumonia. Joyce
was sufficiently improved to return home
with him Monday.
Gerrums
White man think he heap smart,
Think he there before he start.
Think gerrums eat um up:
Dey on his hand, dey in his cup;
Dej on de table, on de shelf.
Humph! — Whiteman heap trouble to hisielf !
Jist keep writin* 'bout um all de time,
Keep burnin* sulpur um scatterin* lime,
Keep spillin'tick-smellin medsin all aroun':
Humph! heap stinkum thing's dey foun*!
Make man heap sick do um be well.
Ooey! — Whiteman heap trouble to hissel*!
Mus* boil de water and burn de wood,
Mus' kill dem gerrums or mek um good.
Papoose no spit on hands, on ball, on bat
on groun*.
No shet um window — door, no mek um
soun*:
Um gerrums hear um, git um in um spell.
Hokonel— Whiteman heap trouble to his-
selM
My boy, he home from skool, heap talk:
Say gerrums eberywhere we walk:
Dey crawlin' in our moufs an* nose.
Heap make me mad! — heap lots he spose!
Lie!— heap big lie!— him head heap swell!
Skookum!— my boy heap trouble to hisselM
At skool all same, me have heap lot kids —
'Bout free-fourteen — me mek um heap disfect
Um beds, um bats, um balls, um pots, um
lids,
An' Oder two-five-hun'red kids, so um no
imfect
My kids! Do gerrums mek heap write,
heap spell?
Halo! Um gerrums heap trouble to umsel'!
Ooey hokone, skookum, halo,
Um gerrums now um bound to gol
Whiteman ketch um quick mebbe;
But Injun learn — heap quicker — see?
Mebbe him disfect Whiteman's hell!
Ugh! Injun den heap trouble to hissel*!
— Big Injun Me,
By W. H. P., Daisy. Wash.
Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Santeo were at the
school this week. Mr. Santeo is employed
under the Pima agency at Sacaton, but the
family lives at Salt River.
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184
The Native American
The Last Supervisors* Conference
One of the most noteworthy conferences
on Indian matters ever held was that of the
Indian Service supervisors called by Commis-
sioner Sells to meet at his office in Wash-
ington February 16 to 21.
Those field officers present were Chief Su-
pervisor E. P. Holcombe, Inspector James
McLaughlin, Special Agent C. H. Asbury;
Supervisors H. B. Peairs and William W.
Coon, schools; John Charles, construction;
Charles L Davis and Charles E. Da^enette, in-
dustries; Doctors Joseph A. Murphy, Ferdi- *
nand Shoemaker, W. H. Harrison and Mrs.
Elsie E Newton, health; Wendell M. Reed and
Walter B. Hill, irrigation; Franklin W. Reed,
forestry, and District Supervisors John B.
Brown, William B. Freer, 0. H. Lipps. S. A. M.
Young, H. G. Wilson, William R. Rosen-
kranz. Albert H. Kneale, L. F. Michael and
Otis B. Goodall. The Commissioner caused
the sessions to be held in his reception room
so that he could be present at all intervals
of time that could be spared from his many
pressing duties. Many of the well known
office people, particularly Assistant Commis-
sioners Meritt and Hauke, Messrs J. H. Dortch.
J. F. Allen and C. R. Wamier of the Board
of Review. Chiefs John Francis, Jr., and Wil-
liam R. Layne of the education and land di-
visions, and Walter B. Fry also attended as
they could and took part in the deliberations.
At the first meeting, the evening of the
16th, the Commissioner made the supervisors
welcome and expressed the hope and ex-
pectation that the week's sessions would be
fruitful. It was arranged that the morn-
ings be given over to necessary business and
that meetings be held from 2 to 5 and 8 to
11 p. m. It was found, it should be stated
parenthetically, that while afternoon ses-
sions closed theoretically at 5 it was hard
to get all the fluent speakers to subside in
time to get away until an hour later.
During this first session Supervisor 0. H.
Lipps discussed conditions in his district com-
prising the extreme northwestern states.
Inasmuch as he had been placed in charge
of the Carlisle school he was unable to be
present at subsequent meetings.
Tuesday, Supervisors Wilson, Rosenkranz
and Brown held the floor and on Wednesday
Messrs. Young, Kneale and Goodall were
heard. Special Agent Asbury, Dr. Shoe-
maker and Supervisors Freer, Newton and
Kneale used the time Thursday afternoon
and night. All reports of supervisors from
the various districts indicated a general ad-
vance of Indians toward self-support, thou.^h
in many instances too much unearned wealth
is serving as an effective clog. Special
Agent Asbury reasoned that the Indians of
Nevada should be considered the most pro-
gressive of all as they are surely the least
burdened with worldly goods.
Supervisors Reed of forestry. Reed of
irrigation, Peairs of schools, Charles of con-
struction, Davis of industries and Murphy
of health were the speakers for Friday
afternoon. Dr. Murphy's plea for means
with which to make a better physical man
of the Indian as a prerequisite to bettering
his educational and economic condition was
forceful and convincing. He states that
with means now at command trachoma, for
example, is not being eradicated and there
is not noticeable decrease in the ravage of
tuberculosis. He asks for means to wage a
war of extermination as nearly as such ills
can be exterminated.
The report of Supervisor Peairs on educa-
tional matters was a very thoughtful address,
devoted to showmg the strength and weak-
nesses of the Indian school system. He called
particulary for more systematic teaching
along industrial lines. The teachers of the
industries are not sufficiently alive, he said,
to the vital relation they sustain to Indian
youth in their preparation for economic in-
dependence.
Friday evening a most stirring address was
delivered by the Commissioner. An attorney
of note, a successful business man and for
seven years a member of the board of trus-
tees of Iowa Argicuitu al College he possesses
all the qualifications to be what he is already
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April 4, 1914
185
the head of Indian affairs for he has been
offered recently positions much more re-
munerative. Of the many timely things
discussed in his address none was to the
point more than that the Indian work is not
a job but an opportunity for service. No
one could listen to him without leaving the
room determined to put more of himself
into his occupation than ever before.
Sunday morning and afternoon sessions
were held for discussion of method of super-
vision and report, open market purchases,
apportionments, eta, and to hear the report
of Supervisor Michael, who was unavoidably
late in reaching Washington. At the close
of the afternoon meeting the Commissioner
called upon each supervisor to answer cer-
tain definite questions as to conditions in
his district He reached fundamentals at
once, and his rapid-fire questioning made
• the officials interrogated feel like they were
pupils again, anxious to make a creditable
recitation.
The conference was closed on Sunday
night by the office people in the most grace-
ful manner imaginable. It was a banquet
at the Continental Hotel, and in its excellent
taste and the good feeling that prevailed it
spoke of the sympathetic relation existing
between the office and the field. Assistant
Commissioner Meritt presided and he called
upon the following persons to respond to
toasts: Gen. R. H. Pratt, Supervisors Elsie E.
Newton, H. B. Peairs and J. B. Brown, Hon.
Gabe E Parker and Supt. E. A. Allen of
Chilocco. The delightful function and the
conference ended with a few most feeling
words by Commissioner Sells, America, sung
by all present and a fitting prayer by Rev.
Sherman Coolidge.
Throughout this conference the dominent
note was service; the looking upon work
among the Indian people as an opportunity
for helpfulness, not as a job. — Indian School
Journal.
Commissioner's Report
(Continued from page 181)
may be necessary to insure the employment
of such force as is absolutely necessary to
keep up the work of the bureau and satisfac-
torily and speedily work out the tremendous
problems confronting the Indian Office.
The Commissioner refers to the material
increase of work in the Indian Office and
states that the records of the office show that
the employees did 1522 days of voluntary
overtime during the fiscal year, that the in-
crease in the work for 1913 over the year
1899 was 361.44 per cent The number of
letters received in the Indian Office during
1899 was 59,707, while the number of letters
received during the fiscal year 1913 was 275-
452; being an increase of 2397 per cent over
the preceding year.
In conclusion Commissioner Sells says:
"I am emphasizing in every possible way the
industrial education of the Indian pupils and
the industrial development of the Indian
population generally, and every effort is being
made to improve the efficiency of the em-
ployees of the Indian Service, in order to
accomplish more successfully the work in
hand.
"I am also emphasizing the need of, and
doing everything possible to obtain for the
Indians more sanitary homes, more adequate
school facilities for the Indian children, to
supply sick Indians with medical attention
and to take precautionary methods to pre-
vent disease, to adjust more equitably the
cost of irrigation projects constructed with
reimbursable funds, to make larger use of the
timber resources of the Indians for their in-
dustrial and social advancement, to take
advantage of the extensive grazing land of
the Indians and to build up tribal herds as
well as to promote among the individual In-
dians a larger, more profitable cattle, sheep
and horse industry, and to utilize in every
practicable way the resources of the Indians,
both tribal and individual, in promoting and
completing their civilization and economic
independence.
"It is my fixed purpose to bring about the
speedy individualizing of the Indians, and to
this end I shall devote my best efforts."
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186
The Nattoe American
From Other SchooU
Seneea School, Wyandotte, Okla.
By Special Correspondent.
The employees at this school are as follows:
Ira C. Deaver, Superintendent
Blair Points, Physician
Miss Clara D. Allen, Principal teacher
Mrs. Margaret E. Dunham, Matron
Miss Lena Fisher, (temp.) Little boys* matron
Charles R. Scott, Carpenter and eujfineer
David W. Gilliland, Principal
Miss Naomi Dawson, Kinderg^artner
Mrs. Lydia F. Spencer, Seamstress
Miss May Herron, Laundress
Mrs. Cora P. Heyman, Cook
most successful teachers of the Indian Service.
Miss Naomi Dawson is a g^raduate of Haskell
and is doing- excellent work in the primary
room.
Mrs. Dunham has been matron here for four-
teen years. This alone speaks of her success.
Chief Clerk B. N. O. Walker entered the
service in 1891 and has been in the service ever
since, filling- different positions with honor and
credit.
Mrs. Spencer, seamstress, has been employed
in this school fifteen years. Her work speaks
of her efficiency.
C. O. Lemon entered the service in 1890 at
SCHOOL GIRLS, SENECA INDIAN SCHOOL. WYANDOTTE, OKLA.
Standing, left to right— Lena Young, Gladys Zane, Malinda Smith. Abbie Schrimpsher and Lillian Johnson.
Sitting, left to right— Gertrude Whitetree. Rosanna Brown, Irene Hardy and Grace Hilderbrand.
Milton S. Cotter,
B. N. O. Walker,
Louis R. Caire,
Thomas King-,
C. O. Lemon,
Mrs. Ida A. Deaver,
John W. Chandler,
Joel A. Cotter,
Jefferson Cotter,
Gardener
Clerk
Baker
Laborer
Blacksmith and wheelwrig^ht
Financial clerk
Assistant clerk
Quapaw blacksmith
Policeman
Miss Clara D. Allen, the principal teacher
here, has been a faithful teacher for several
years. The greater part of that time has been
spent in this school. She is classed araong-the
this school and has been here nearly twenty-
five years.
The Friday evening socials are looked for-
ward to with much pleasure by both pupils
and employees.
The little folks had a jolly good time last
Fridi^y evening.
This school is now in its forty-second or forty-
third year. The applications of pupils to enter
far exceeds the capacity of this school. From
300 to 400 pupils could be enrolled here if that
number could be accommodated.
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April < J914
187
Cbiloeeo, Oklahoma
Indian School Journal.
When we awakened on the morning of the
nineteenth we found snow on the ground. Bad
for the lilacs and peaches, which were burst-
ing buds.
There has been a good demand for Chilocco
native prairie hay this month. Eighty tons
have been sold so far during the past two
weeks. It bring^s $10, $12, and $14 at the school
barns.
The dairy is g-iving the best returns this March
of any of the last six previous years, the aver-
age daily yield being 1,100 pounds of milk. The
detail seems to take more interest in the work
as the returns grow in volume.
Messrs. Schaal and Thompson feel good over
compliments given them by Special Agent
Adreon when he was checking up their ac-
counting systems. He spoke encouragingly
about the system here and said that it seemed
strange everything balanced at the first trial.
He also said that Mr. Thompson's system of
keeping property accounts was so good he
ought to be given a chance to put it in vogue
at other Indian schools.
The Journal is glad to note the confirmation
of the appointment of J. E. Shields as princi-
pal of the Cheyenne and Arapaho school at
Darlington, Okla. He was formerly disciplina-
rian at Chilocco and his friends here are glad
to note his success. Mr. Shields is an Indian
and attended the school, of which he now be-
comes head, when he was a l>oy. It is another
concrete example of the successful and good
work of the Indian Service.
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas K. Adreon were Chi-
locco visitors during the last week in Febru-
ary and the first in March. Mr. Adreon was
here in his official capacity as special auditor
of our bookkeeping and accounting depart-
ments.
About one-third of the Indian children of
school age in western Oklahoma are enrolled
in the public schools.
The beautiful new school building at Pawnee
has not yet been occupied, owing to the lack
of new desks and seats. The school has eighty
pupils this year, only one of whom is more than
fourteen years old.
Many of the boarding schools are serving
Mexican chili as a supper dish once or twice a
week. The pupils are very fond of it, and, with
hard bread, are contented to make the meal
from it. It is sometimes made with the chili
powder, which can be bought by the case or
half case, and sometimes from the chili peppers
which are bought by the pound, cleaned and
passed through the meat-chopper after the
removal of the seeds.
Due to the recent decision of the Comptroler
of the Currency that funds from the United
States Treasury can not be used for paying
the tuition of Indian children in the Oklahoma
public schools, unless specifically appropriated
for that purpose, a number of the public school
districts which have heretofore been receiving
assistance of this kind find themselves much
embarrassed. Many are closing earlier than
they would otherwise do. However, at Fonda,
Oklahoma (district No. 96), where the school
contains 25 Indian children and but 12 whites,
and where there are but two tracts of land
comprising 200 acres subject to taxation, the
Indians met Supt. Walter G. West in council on
January 28 to determine what might be done
to continue the school a few weeks longer,
at least. The Indians, all of whom attended
the council, regardless of whether they had
children of school age, showed very practical
enthusiasm, since they voluntarily subscribed,
individually, $102.00, enough to operate the
school for an additional two months, making
altogether a six months' term. About one-
half of the amount subscribed was paid at the
time. There were twenty-one diff*erent sub*
scriber* and the amounts given ranged from
fifty cents to ten dollars.
Ganado, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
Hon. J. L. Hubbell left for the east on March
20, expecting to be in Washington, D. C, by
March 31.
Work on the government dam has been sus-
pended for a time, but it is expected to resume
shortly.
Miss Ella Burton, teacher of the Cornfield
school, is visiting at Fort Defiance previous to
the beginning of the school term which will
begin April first. ^
Wallace Peshlakai of Fort Defiance was a
welcome visitor at the mission on his way to
and from Indian Wells. Wallace was a former
Phoenix pupil and is an interpreter of good
ability.
Betchisihlain (many goods), a prominent Nav-
aho, died suddenly of cerebral hemorrhage
March 21 and was buried at the mission ceme-
tery, burial service being conducted by Rev.
C. N. Piatt.
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The Native American
Toledo, Iowa.
M€$Quaki€ Booiter. «
Dr. I>>uis B. Casteil, brother of Mrs. Russell,
is visiting the sanatorium. The doctor has
resigned the position of agency physician,
Leech Lake, Minn., and is returning to Wash-
ington, D. C, to enter private practice.
Mrs. Ferguson, a Pine Ridge Sioux, is filling
very acceptably the position of housekeeper
at the sanatorium.
Supt. R. A. Cochran of Mount Pleasant In-
dian school, visited us Tuesday. Superinten-
dent Cochran brought E^lizabeth Kobascum to
the sanatorium for treatment.
A recent census shows that during the last
six months there have been nine births and
four deaths among our Indians. The Mesqua-
kies are more than holding their own.
cigarettes if he knew what a dull, useless,
soulless, worthless thing they would make of
him. — Luther Burbank.
THE SKILLED WORKMAN
If I simply said that I never used tobacco or
alcohol in any form, you might say that was a
personal preference and proved nothing. But
I can prove to you mostconclusively that even
the mild use of stimulants is incompatible with
work requiring accurate attention and definite
concentration.
To assist me in the work of budding — work
that is as accurate and exacting as watch-mak-
ing— a force of twenty men are employed.
Men who are incompetent must be discharged
or employed on less exacting work. Some
time ago my foreman asked if I inquired into
the personal habits of my helpers. On being
answered in the negative, he surprised me by
saying that the men found to be unable to do
the delicate work of budding invariably turned
out to be smokers or drinkers. These men,
while able to do the rough work of farming, call
budding and other delicate work **puttering,*'
and have to give it up, owing to an inability
to concentrate their nerve force.
Some men, even, who smoke but one cigar
a day, cannot be trusted with the most deli-
cate work.
Cigarettes are even more damaging than
cigars, and their use by young boys is little
short of criminal. They will produce in them
exactly the same results that sand placed in a
watch will produce — destruction.
No one can possibly bring up a convincing
argument for the use of cigarettes by boys.
Several of my young acquaintances are in their
graves who gave promise of making happy
and useful citizens; and there is not a doubt
that cigarettes were the cause of their destruc-
tion.
No boy living would commence the use of
Senator Tillman on Tobacco.
Senator TUlman, on March 9, secured the
adoption of the following resolution: **No
smoking shall be permitted at any time on
the floor of the senate, or a lighted cigar
be brought into the chamber.*' In arguing
for the adoption of the resolution, the Senator
said, in part:
**A majority of the senators — a large ma-
jority at that — are smokers; and, unfortunately,
a pernicious habit has so mastered them that
they are nervous and miserable when they do
not get the nicotine poison which soothes their
nerves. Consequently, as soon as the doors
are closed for executive session they light
their cigars and puff away, and the chamber
soon has the appearance of a beer garden.
When the executive session is not on they
have to go to the cloak rooms to smoke.
**There is nothing more deadly than to
breathe air that has already been breathed by
others and thus robbed of its oxygen, besides
being poisoned in other ways. The ventilation
of this chamber is poor, as every one knows;
and when we increase its impurities by to-
bacco smoke, as is being done all the while,
the air is never cleansed and is very unwhole-
some and unhealthy.
**Lret us stop this smoking in the Senate
chamber, and have the attendant open the
gallery doors every night, as well as prop open
the Senate doors, and have the windows leading
to the open air outside opened all night so that
pure air can come into the chamber and wash
it out and make it habitable and more healthy,
and there will be fewer deaths among us.*'
Senator Tillman should be elected an
honorary member of the anti-tobacco league
of Chilocco, Haskell and any other Indian
school having such organizations. His stand
is most commendable.— //i{//a/i SchoolJour-
naL
In a recent letter from the Secretary of the
Interior instructions were issued to withhold all
annuities due Me-sau-ke-que and Sam Slick for
refusing to send their children to school. Pair
warning was given in the Booster that the agent
would be compelled to withhold annuities from
those who refused to send children to school.
Mtsquakie Booster,
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®If^ ^m £tfr
Hs tbe butterfly bursts
bis prison,
Zo soar on bappie wings,
So let us break sin's
tetters
Hub rise to nobler
tbings!
— Bmma C. Dowo
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#X- X XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX X-X-^X X X X X-X-^^^^^^'X''iHe->^->^^
Bungalows at the East Farm Sanatorium, Phoenix Indian School. Arizona.
. „ ., -, .. .. ., .. .w ., „ .. JTAAAAAAAAAAAAA^ .- - .. -, .. .. —
♦ M ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦» ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ #11
ITAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ^TTTTTrW
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFW
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Voltime 15
cAptUll, 1914
d^umber tS
*How and When Do We Contract Tuberculosis?
By Lawrason Brown. M I).. Saranac Lake. .V. }'.
/HEN through knowledge the time comes that we fear not for the pestilence
' that walketh in darkness, nor for the sickness that destroyeth in the
noonday, then the need for such institutions as this and for such talks
as you hear here will be done away with. Until that time, however, we
must ceaselessly strive to increase our meager knowledge of the spread
of disease, and having acquired a little more, must put it as soon as
possible into practical use.
The idea of contagion is centuries old. and 100 B. C. we find it suggested that animal-
cules, invisible to the naked eye, may bring about disease You have no doubt heard
many times of infectious and of contagious diseases. An infectious disease is one in which
the cause of the disease gains entrance into the body and multiplies there, giving off poisons.
Now, contagion relates to the method of transmission of the disease from the infected
person to the well. From this it can be readily seen that a contagious disease is a com-
municable disease. While I have not time to discuss it, it may be said that not all in-
fectious diseases are communicable
What concerns us now are the methods of transmission of disease in general and of
tuberculosis in particular. First a number of diseases, among them tuberculosis, may be
transmitted through the air. Second, some diseases require a peculiar form of direct per-
sonal contact for transmission. Third, a few diseases are conveyed from one person to
another through food or water, very rarely by personal contact or by air, for instance,
typhoid. Fourth, many diseases, such as malaria and yellow fever, are transmitted by
insects. Fifth, some diseases can be acquired only by an injury of the body, never by con-
tact without injury. Here are lock-jaw and hydrophobia.
We must next consider how these germs (for I shall limit this talk to diseased caused
by germs) gain entrance into the body. The most common entrances are through the skin,
the membranes of the eye, nose, mouth, tonsils, lungs, stomach and intestines. When the
disease is air borne it can enter through any of the sources, but in the case of tuberculosis
occurs most usually through the respiratory tract or lungs, or when through food, through
the mouth, tonsils or intestines, especially in the case of tuberculosis. I refer especially
to milk from tuberculous cows.
If we now devote our attention more particularly to tuberculosis, we see that there are
two great sources of infection, first man and second, cattle. While the tubercle germs from
cattle affect chiefly children and cause only 8 per cent of the deaths from tuberculosis, never-
theless they kill 16,000 persons each year. The germs enter the body practically always
in milk drawn from a cow with tuberculosis. It would seem to be a simple matter to rid
our cattle of tuberculosis, but the cost would be so great that it appears imprac-
ticable to attempt it today. Man, however, is the source of infection of man in 92 per cent
*One of a series of bi-weekly talks delivered to the patients of the Adirondack Cottage Sanatoriom.
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192 The Native American
of all cases, and it is necessary that we should study how this takes place. While some of
'^^'^ secretions of the body do contain some tubercle germs, it has not yet been shown that
f of them play an important part in comparison with the sputum. The sputum is un-
^tionably the source of infection in almost all of the 92 per cent which I have mentioned,
jtum is usually coughed up, and in the course of twenty-four hours a patient may ex-
;torate billions of tubercle germs. During this act of coughing a fine spray is emitted
m the mouth, and may go for a distance of four or five feet from the cougher. This
ay may contain tubercle germs, and anyone coming within this radius may inhale tubercle
ms. Most of these droplets, however, must fall to the floor where they quickly dry. The
itum contains mucus, which when dry is very tough, and it requires considerable force to
lodge dried sputum from even a smooth surface. Many men are careless about spitting
3n the floors of cars, of public buildings or upon the sidewalks. In the last case fortu-
tely the tubercle germs are quickly killed by the light and air, but we may contamiudte
- shoes and skirts and so carry the germs into our homes. Here by one process and
)ther the sputum is finally reduced to dust, and thanks to our darkened houses, the
>ercle germs may escape death from light. Being incapable of motion, they lie in some
k corner for the mistress of the house or for the maid to stir them into the air by dry
seping. If perchance they fall upon some piece of furniture, they are again given a
mce, as Dr. Osier says, by that process aptly termed dusting. When each tiny particle
dust can carry a dozen or more of these germs we see how readily they can be breathed
for it requires from one to eight hours for the dust to settle completely. From what
ave said you can readily see that tubercle germs need protection from light and air,
ich kill them, and this they gain in the house For this reason tuberculosis has been
11 called a house disease. I do not believe it is ever acquired in the open air. So much
5n for the tubercle germ.
We must now turn our attention to the persons wuo become infected and attempt to
how and when this may occur. It might be stated at the outset that no person is so
resistant to the disease that he cannot acquire it if he gets into his body a sufiicient num-
ber of germs. Again, it is readily seen that when this person*s powers of resistance are
weakened, fewer germs are needed to infect him. There is much evidence to show that
young animals and children have less powers of resistance to the tubercle germs than
adults. Many reasons, which we cannot enter into, have been advanced to explain this.
The child lives, however, nearer the earth and the dust than his elders. He creeps on the
floor and mouths all objects that he can get into or near his mouth. Dirt has no terror
for him and he no repugnance for it. They are often constant companions, and if perchance
he lives with infected dirt, his chances of infection are nearly 100 per cent. Many figures
have been published to show that in large cities before the age of fourteen in nearly every
child tubercle germs have found a lodgment. In infants, when they i^ause tuberculosis
which is discoverable, the outlook is gloomy. It has been estimated that 80 per cent of
infants infected in the first year die from tuberculosis, while death occurs in only 20 to 30
per cent of those so infected in the second year of life. In the later years of childhood, the
outlook for discoverable disease is brighter. But as I said before, from 75 per cent to 100
per cent of all children who have reached their fifteenth year have gotten into their bodies
tubercle germs. These children are infected as we say. As only one m seven to one in
ten of all persons die of tuberculosis, many of these must recover from the infection or
holding it in check finally succumb to other diseases. This lodgment of tubercle germa,
this infection, must have some effect upon the person, and it is interesting to try to find
out what it is. All of you know what tuberculin is, and that when it is injected in moderate
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April 1119 14 193
amount into the body of a healthy person it produces no results. This is also true of
children, and the first effect of the tubercle germs when once in the body is to change it
so that it reacts, as we say, to tuberculin. Remember that it is impossible to make a man
or baby or animal without tubercle germs react to tuberculin. This then is the first effect.
The next question is, what becomes of the tubercle germs. We know that in the vast
majority of cases they produce no discoverable disease. Do they die or do they smoulder
along like fire in cotton waiting for a suitable moment to burst out It has slowly been
proven that to make an animal resistant or immune as we call it to tuberculosis, we must
inject living tubercle germs. If this is so, these infected children may be more or less im-
mune as long as the tubercle germs remain a4ve. This means that they can resist fresh
doses of new tubercle germs, provided the doses are not too large. The children grow up
and possibly for one reason or another, overstudy, too little sleep, poor food, stale air or what
not, become run down. Their immunity or resistance is greatly lessened and they become
Bable to fall a prey to their own tubercle germs which they have housed for years or to
the germs of another which some believe is less likely to occur. This unfortunate accident
occurs most frequently between the eighteenth and thirtieth years. Symptoms develop
and atteation is drawn say to the luQgs where is found a deposit of germs which came from
the original point of infection, usually a (lymph) gland. The older a person becomes after
twenty-five, the less likely is he to develop tuberculosis. After adult life is reached, the
number of germs neccessary to produce an infection is very much larger, and furthermore
it seems often neccessary that resistance of the person so exposed must be reduced for an
infewtion to take place The resistance can be redudce by overwork, great mental anxiety,
worry, nursing some member of the family, poor food, poor aid and a thousand and one
things. For years I have felt that we did not know all there was to be known about con-
tagion and tuberculosis. Heredity might play a part, many thought and some still think.
By this I mean not the inheritance of the tubercle germ, but of lessened resistance to it
It may play some part but should make us only more careful about exposure of such chil-
dren. Picture a child bom into a family where the father is ill with pulmonary tuberculosis
He cannot work and sits about the house and spits, not always into the stove or cuspidor.
The dirt on the floor becomes infected with tubercle germs. The baby, with lessened re-
sistance through poor inheritance, poor air, poor food, creeps in this iafected air and the
result is quickly manifested. The older children develop bone or gland tuberculosis and
later possibly pulmonary tuberculosis.
You might ask on what evidence much of this is based. It has been slowly accumu-
lating for years, but today we have a large amount of experimental work on animals that
goes to prove what I have said. That infection in adults is rare is proved by the number
of nose and throat specialists who, after years of work with tuberculous patients, escape
discoverable tuberculosis. In Brompton hospital in London where a large number of doc-
tors have for years cared for tuberculous patients the number of doctors who develop pul-
monary tuberculosis is astonishingly small. Of 376 internes in the City hospital (Cook
county) in Chicago where tuberculosis patients were in all wards, only one in twenty de
veioped pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas in the general population one in ten dies from it
These persons were especially exposed to tuberculosis. Some years ago we attempted to
prove that adults could be infected. We wanted to find two closely associated but unre-
lated adults and chose to study man and wife, one of whom was tuberculous. We collected
over 40,000 couples, one of whom wac tuberculous, and Mr. Pope, who was here, studied
them. Allowing for the one in ten who became tuberculous under any conditions, we had
very great diflSculty in proving mfection for the small remainder. On the other hand I do
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194
The Native American
believe there is some, though not great, dan-
ger for adults. This is suggested by the fact-
that when healthy milch cows are associated
•n with tuberculous cows, sooner or
most of them become infected.
V to recapitulate: We have seen that
;ulosis is spread from cattle to man in
cent, but man to man in 92 per cent,
ly speaking. Sputum in the form of
►r droplet is the chief source of infec-
We must not relax in the slightest our
\ to destroy all germs as they leave the
We have learned that young animals
hildren are many, many times more
to tuberculosis infection than adults.
lUSt redouble our efforts to protect in-
and children, and what is not less im-
it, we must see that the resisting
s of adults is not lowered by circum-
3s over which they have no control,
IS long hours of work, working under
tygienic conditions, and the many other
s that I have mentioned. In fact, it is
that adults must have a very large
if germs or have lessened resistance to
le infected at all.
In conclusion I would say that I believe
the most efficient methods of combating
tuberculosis now at our disposal are the
greatest protection of children during the
first few years of life, and the maintenance,
especially from fifteen to thirty years, of |the
individual's resistance to disease.
Printers at ''Hole in the Rock"
The printers held their annual picnic on
Saturday. March 28, at "Hole in the Rock."
With the aid of the printing office "ponies"
the boys were enabled to get the Native
American out on Friday night so as to have
an early start for the picnic grounds in the
morning.
The weather looked a little threatening
early in the morning but a little thing like
rain could not be allowed to interfere with
the plans of the "typos" and all were on
hand for the start, excepting Isaac Porter,
who was concealed by some of his girl
friends and failed to show up.
The wagon containing the boys was piloted
by Harry Lives, one of the "ponies," while
Fred Quail assisted by Richard Tehuma took
care of the guests among whom were Mrs.
Grinstead. Mrs. Scott, Mrs. Lawrence and
Mrs. Rhodes. Later in the day Mr. Scott, Mr.
Joe Moore and Miss Mayham rode out on
horseback and joined the boys.
Plenty of "eats" had been provided by
Miss Keck and the domestic science girls to
whom the boys are deeply indebted. On
arrival at the picnic grounds the boys hustled
around for wood for cooking, Johnson Mc-
Afee succeeding in finding one lone twig.
After lunch the boys started a ball game
which was broken up by rain.
Charles Laws and Johnnie Brown took a
side tripe to Tempe but got lost on the main
street and were glad to ride back to the camp
in the commissary wagon which had gone into
Tempe for additional supplies.
Walter McKinley mistook Herbert Yernip-
cutt for a cactus and Herbert called on Ehr.
Marden for repairs.
Lemuel Yukku and John Grinstead killed
a young rattlesnake.
After waiting a while for the weather to
clear up it was decided to have supper at
4 o'clock and start on the return to the
school. The boys soon had a big fire started
and when everything was ready everybody
pitched in and cleaned up aU the "eats'*
excepting the ice cream.
On arriving at the school the boys built a
roaring fire in the printing office and thawed
out. The ice cream was saved until Sun-
day afternoon when the regulars and "ponies"
fell to and finished everything remaining.
The boys had issued neatly printed in-
vitations to a number of their friends on the
campus who were unable to attend the pic-
nic on account of the rain but it is hoped
that in the near future the printing office
boys will have a chance to entertain all their
friends.
The arrangements for the picnic were
made by a committee consisting of Luke
Anton, Johnson McAfee, Fred Quail and
James Bent.
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April 11, 1914
195
Baseball
Track
^yithletic>r
Swimming
Tennis
Vacation Week Gaines
Iq the first game of the returned students
the Sacaton team defeated the Salt River
team hy the score of 11 to 1.
The Sacaton boys showed good team work
and good training while, on the other hand.
Salt River showed lack of practice. Salt
River scored in the first inning with a threfv
base hit by Wateuma and an infield out.
The Sacaton boys scored in the first inning
and continued scoring throughout the game.
The lineup was as follows: Salt River —
Wateuma, short stop, Lewis right field, James
second base. Walters pitcher, Stanley third
base. Thoma left field. Harvey center field.
Jones first base.
Sacaton — Pablo pitcher, Vavages center
field, Nathan short stop, Osif left field. Mo-
line second base, Adams first base, Mathews
third base, John right field. Maker catcher.
lu the second game of the series the Mc-
Dowell boys won from the Sweetwater boys
by the score of 14 to 3. The McDowell boys
were strengthened by a couple of school boys
and with several of the old players of this
school had quite a strong team.
The lineup was as follows: McDowell —
Queena third base, Patrick second base. Burns
catcher, Austin short stop. Kill first base.
Hay center field, David third base, Theuma.
left field, Blake right field.
Sweetwater— C. Frank first base, T. John-
son third base, Williams center field, Johnson
pitcher, Johns right field. James second base,
Frank short stop. Hall left field, Jose catcher.
On Thursday morning McDowell met Gila
Crossing and in a one-sided game the Gila
Crossing boys were victorious by the score
of 10 to 1. The McDowell boys were weak-
ened by the absence of David, who was hurt
in the warming-up practice and was unable
to play. Austin was also objected to, being
a regular team player on the school team.
The lineup for McDowell was the same as
the first game except that Russell was at
third in David's place and Siebert played in
Austin's place. Gila Crossing — Chiox short
stop, Mark center field, Thomas left field,
J. Thomas catcher. Norris pitcher. Pablo first
base. Alls third base, Narcia right field,
Lopez second base.
In the final game of the returned students
week series the Sacaton school boys won
from the Gila Crossing team Friday morning
by the score of 11 to 1, making every game
that was played one-sided. It seems that
even the winners of the first game were un-
able to keep in condition to play a second
game at their best excepting the Sacaton
boys, who played as well in their last game
as in their first.
Employees Played at Ball
Flaming red posters and score cards an-
nounced the employees* baseball game Friday
morning, and the various **stage names*'
under which the ball stars were **traveling**
would have handicapped nearly any aggrega-
tion, although this is not saying that the One
Sox and No Socks teams did not surely show
up some remarkable biji^ league material. Had
there been another game several of the team
would have been eliminated on account of
.symptoms of having played professional ball.
We lost count on the score owing to the vari-
ous methods of reaching home introduced at
this exhibition game. The line-up read as fol-
lows:
One Sox — Moving Venne, pitcher; Great
Scott, second base; General Grinbedstead,
catcher; Don*t Give up, etc., Lawrence, center
field; Dusty Rhodes, short stop; Some Moore,
third base; Much Moore, right field; Samuel
F. S. B. Morris, first base; Silent Jensen, left
field; subs, Pfifer and Drummer and Fatty
Oliver.
No Socks — Sister Stacy, pitcher; Blushing
Breid, second base; Irish Klingenberg, catcher;
Arc Krebs, center field; Jai5 Brunette, short-
stop; Chop Woodall, third base; Broken Hearted
Hammock, right field; Posey Wade, first
base; Home Run Goodman, left field; subs,
Newlywed Francis and Cascaret Bourne.
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196
The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Ti^ining School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKNTY-FIVB OKNTS A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST.
Supt. 0. L. Babcock of Colorado River
school at Parker, Arizona, was a Phoenix
visitor this week.
«06i
Rev. J. H. G. Harders was a caller at the
school Tuesday. He is in charge of the mis-
sion school at Globe, Arizona, and is always
interested in our work here.
«oe
The Phoenix school observed "clean-up"
day Thursday with fitting energy and the
results were very satisfactory to the inspect-
ing oflBcers. although a number of further
improvements were suggested.
Friends of Mrs. Estelle Armstron^4 regret
to learn of her resignation as clerk at the
Pima agency. Mrs. Armstrong has been at
Sacaton for several years. She will leave
in May for her home in New York.
A large sale of inherited and noncompe-
tent Indian lands located on the public
domain in Oregon and California is to be con-
ducted by Supervisor Horace G. Wilson. Rose-
burg. Oregon, and any information concern-
ing this sale may be obtained by writing to
Mr. WUson.
We are sorry to learn from Superintendent
McQuigg of the death of Marcelino Santos on
March 21. Marcelino was one of the most
worthy Papago Jiwys we had in the Phoenix
school and it was hoped that the change
would result in an improvement in health.
He was at the sanatorium for several months
before returning home.
Today the school is turned over to our visi-
tors, the members of the Maricopa County
Teachers' Association.
Next Monday is "stunt night" at the liter-
ary society and some interesting features are
on the program.
Steele Stands Black, a former Carlisle pupil
from the Ponca agency in Oklahoma, arrived
last week to enter the sanatorium.
Superintendent Thackery has been over
twice recently. On Saturday he was accom-
panied by his father-in-law. Mr. Northrup. and
daughter Cora, Mrs. Williams and Mrs. Aiken.
Mrs Thackery came over with him on Mon-
day.
Mr. Stacy and Miss Carton were guests at
dinner Monday of Mr. and Mrs. Luther Stew-
ard at Glendale and later in the evening
Mr. Scacy served as one of the judges in the
oratorical and vocal music contest in the
Glendale school.
Dr. Lena Hatfield, medical missionary of
the Methodist Episcopal church at Foo Chow,
China, was the guest of Dr. and Mrs. Bried
on Wednesday. Dr. Hatfield was a college
associate of Dr. Breid and was a visitor at
inspection Sunday morning when they re-
cognised each other. She is on a vacation
and is in Phoenix for a short time.
Dr. Stacy Hemenway, a veteran of the In-
dian Service, and engaged in ministering to
the ailing on the Klamath Indian reservation
since the early *80*s, recently died in the har-
ness at that place. Over 80 years old, he
kept up his active duties at the Yainax sub-
agency until a few weeks ago, when he was
taken sick. He realized that he was nearing
the end and telephoned to Klamath Falls for
an attorney, on whose arrival the aged man
made his will and attended to other legal
matters. — Indian School Journal.
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April II, J914
197
Letter of Thanks
Phoenix, Arizona, April 6, 1914.
The members of tne American Indian
Orchestra society wish to extend their hearty
thanks to the Indian school people and
others who so kindly attended our concert
the evening of March 28.
The money derived from this concert will
be used for further work and betterment of
this association. L HILL
Hopi Graduate Visits Scliool
A party from the Hopi country is stopping
at the school this week and attending the
Arizona Baptist association. The number
includes Miss Rainer, missionary at First
Mesa, Miss Nelson, missionary from Second
Mesa, Jessie Coochesnema, cook at Toreva
day school, a Hopi man and his wife and two
children, and the sister of Guy Seekangiva,
one of our Elast Farm boys. Jessie Gooches-
oema graduated from Phoenix Indian School
in 1906 and has done a wonderful work
among her people since returning to the
reservation.
Worid's Swimming Record
H. J. Heebner of Chicago lowered the
world's swimming record for 110 feet in the
open swimming meet of the Illinois Athletic
Club recently, making the distance in 1 minute
2 3-5 seconds. The former record was held by
C. Healy, 1 minute 3 1-5 seconds. Perry Mc-
Gillivray failed in an effort to cut down the
1.000-yard record, swimming it in 13 minutes
26 1-5 seconds.— Washington Star.
The seniors have begun work on a class
play to be given during commencement
week.
The Arizona sun fete is to be held this
year on April i6 and elaborate preparations
are being made for the celebration of this
event
Dr. and Mrs. George 0. Keck arrived Friday.
Dr. Keck is one of the field eye specialists
and has just completed a stay among the
Papagoes at Tucson.
Scliool for Native Workers Closes
The Charles H. Cook Bible school held its
closhig exercises Wednesday evening at the
First Presbyterian church of Phoenix and
the following progiam was rendered:
Dozology — **Praise God*'
Invocation Rev. Dirk Lay
Scripture lesson Rev. Claude R. Brodhead
Prayer Rev. C. H. Ellis
**Tenderly Calling** — Hymn in Pima
Members of school
"Opportunity and Responsibility** John Curley
**Work for the Night is Coming*' Quartet
**Harvest time Among the Pimas*'
Crouse Perkins
**Rockof Ages** Quartet
**The Joys and Sorrows of Christian Life"
Joseph L. Wellington
**The Medicine Man and the Christian Religion'*
William Peters
**I Surrender AH'* Members of school
**The Purpose of Life** James A. Fulton
**Near the Cross*'— Hymn in Pima
Members of School
Address Rev. Henry M. Campbell, D. D.
Hymn — **Love Divine**
Benediction
The year just closed has been very suc-
cessful in the history of the school. Rev.
George Logie is the superintendent and the
instructors are Rev. Claude R. Brodhead.
Mrs. C. R. Brodhead and Lois Reynolds,
The graduates of the three-year course were
James A. Fulton of Blackwater, William
Peters of Gila Crossing and Joseph L. Wel-
lington of Salt River.
The roll of students includes a number of
former pupils of the Phoenix school and is
as follows.
Men's class— Fir^t year: Lewis Colt, Gila
Crossing; John Curley, Ganado; Gilbert Davis,
Ft. McDowell; James H. Ellis, Blackwater;
Thou Kamohon, Needles; Joseph McDonald,
Gila Crossing. Second year: Calvin Emerson,
Salt River; Edward Jackson, Santan; Crouse
Perkins, Blackwater; Narcisse Porter, Santan.
Women's class — Mrs. Elizabeth Curley, Ga-
nado; Mrs. Nellie H Davis, Ft. McDowell;
Mrs. Etta Jackson, Santan; Mrs. Jennie Mc*
Donald, Gila Crossing; Mrs. Mildred Perkins,
Blackwater; Mrs. Ellen Peters. Qila Crossing;
Mrs. Eliza Porter, Santan.
Special Easter program Sunday morning.
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198
The Native American
Impro'Oin^ Librarie>r
OF lNT>lJtN SCHOOLS
By U. B. PEA IB 3, Superviior of OovtmmetU Indian Schools, in Indian School Journal.
DURING the last two years a special effort
has been made to arouse an interest
amdQg the studeits and instructors in In-
dian schools in the i;Tiprovement of libraries
and reading rooms.
EJucational institutions without libraries
are like shops without equipments. Teachers
in all departments of educational institutions
must keep in close and intimate touch with
the trend of educational affairs. The de-
mands of the social, industrial and political
world are changing rapidly. Therefore, those
who would make themselves most practical
and efficient as instructors in either academic
or industrial departments must acquaint
themselves, in one way or another, with the
current activities and influences in education.
The majority of Indian schools are so lo-
cated as to prevent the instructors from com-
ing in frequent contact with associates other
than their pupils. The isolation also pro-
hibits, largely, educational conferences and
meetings of all kinds, except in groups made
up of those emp'oyed in the individual in-
" •^5— ^. The use of public libraries, oppor-
attend lectures and, in many in-
if hearing good sermons, which privi-
i nearly always available to the
hool teacher, are. because of the
of Indian schools, very often denied
iictors of Indian children. The re-
of tHese facts immediately suggest
;sity of the individual Indian schools
ing good libraries and reading rooms
nly students but for instructors as
be said that individual instructors
rovide themselves with the neces-
•ature. Certainly all who pretend
should gradually build up working
but no teacher either in Indian
school or in public school can afford to put
all necessary books and literature in his
private library.
That carefully selected literature for In-
dian boys and girls is an essential part of
the equipment of every Indian school will
be recognized at once when it is remembered
that but few, very few. Indian homes are
the possessors of any papers, magazines or
books at all. The older generations of peo-
ple have been non-English speaking p ople
and could not have read literature if they
had had it. Books and papers have not
been in demand, and would have been poor
companions for the Indians of the past.
However, conditions are changing rapidly.
Community life is being broken up and the
individual family groups are being estab-
lished. The children are being educated and
becoming English-speaking people. Appr >xi-
mately seventy-five per cent, of all children
who are eligible are enrolled in school. The
majority of these young people will return
to the family group rather than to the larger
community group. In every possible way
the individual home must be improved if
the Indian boys and girls are to be protected
and saved for the country.
To save these homes the initiative must
be taken in the schools. Not only must the
children in the schools be given practical
training that will enable them to gain a
livelihood, but they must be aroused and so
inspired while in school that after going to
their homes they will continue to be stu-
dents; otherwise they will soon fall behind in
the rapid march of the times. Unless the
"reading and study" habit is formed early in
life it is seldom ever formed at all. There-
fore it is very important that a!l children be
encouraged, during their school years, to read
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April IL 19 14
and to get acquainted with good books other ut
than the text books. Many white children si
may do this in their own homes, but if In- w
dian children are to form the reading habit tc
at all; if they are to learn about good lit- si
erature ever, the begining must be made in ir
school, because their homes are so barren. \i
If there is any reading matter there at all it si
is ordinarily of the dime novel character. a
Certainly the instructor in an Indian n
school has no more important task to per- t
form, no greater privilege, than that of teach-
ing the Indian boy or girl to love to read and r
to study and of instilling in them the real t
reading habit. When given the proper in- a
centive and opportunity Indian children c
quickly learn to read and to read intelligently. I
It is simply a question of proper education c
and training. Therefore it is certainly ex- i
tremely important that much attention be <
given to building up good libraries and read-
ing rooms in all Indian schools.
The day-school libraries should become
community libraries to be used not only by
pupUs who may be attending school, but by
ex-students and by all the fathers and
mothers of the neighborhood. These li-
braries should contain books and periodicals
for children, for youth and for adults— story
books, biography, history, books of travel,
books on agriculture and all kindred subjects;
in fact, books of all kinds that will help to
interest and to inspire all of the people of
the community and to make of them a
thoughtful people. Naturally, those persons
in charge of the day schools must be the
leaders in helping to make the community
library a real factor for progress.
The reservation boarding school library
may be made to serve much the same pur-
pose as the day school library in its relations
to the community in which it is located and,
of course, should be larger and more varied
because of the larger number of students and
of the extended course of study.
The non-reservation school library should
be selected with special reference to the need
of the students and of the instructors of the
individual institutions, and should always be
199
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200
The Native American
Namber of
books in Library
Circulation
00
.' ■
^i
STATE AND SCHOOL
1
s
1
III
Literature
Fiction
1
Is.
.5"
MINNESOTA:
Cass Lake
Uech Lake
Red Lake
Cross Lake
Vermillion Lake
White Earth
Pine Point
PortervUle
Round Lake
White Earth
Wild Rice
MONTANA:
Cut Bank
Crow
Flathead
Fort Belknap
Fort Peck
No. 1
No. 2
No. 3
No. 4
Tongue River
NEBRASKA:
Decora.
NEVADA:
Fort McDermitt
Nevada
Walker River
Western Shoshone
NEW MEXICO:
AlbuQueraue
]
Jicaiilla
Mescalero
Pueblo Bonito
1
San Juan
Santa Fe
Cochid. Jemez, Nam-
be. Picuris. Sail U-
defonso. San Juan.
Santa Clara Sia.
Taos
Zuni
]
NORTH CAROUNA:
Cherokee
1
NORTH DAKOTA:
Bismarck
Fort Berthold
1
Standing Rock
Martin Kenel
Turtle Mountain
OKLAHOMA:
Cantonment
1
1
1
Cheyenne and Arap-
aho
Chiloooo
Kiowa—
4
Anadarko
FortSUl
1
Rainy Mountain
Riverside
Jtoe
Pawnee
1
1
1
1
Ponca
Sac and Fox
1
Seneca
2
i
Shawnee
Five civUized tribes
Armstrong
Bloomfield
Cherokee
Collins
Euchee
Eufaula
Jones
Mekusukey
Nuyaka
Tullahassee
Tuskahoma
Wheelock
1
STATE AND SCHOOL
Number of
books in Library
II
Circulati on
Si .mm
•^ m
a ^
2 S«
OREGON:
Klamath
Salem
Siletz
Umatilla
Warm Springs
PENNSYLVANIA:
Carlisle
SOUTH DAKOTA:
Cheyenne River
Crow Creek
Flandreau
Lower Brule
Pierre
Pine Ridge
Day Schools No. 3 to
29. inclusive
Rapid City
Rosebud
The twenty-one day
schools under this
jurisdiction
Sisseton
Springfield
Yankton
UTAH:
Uintah and Ouray
WASHINGTON:
Colville ,
Cushman \2&
Spokane-
No. 2
No. 8
Tulalip
Swinomish ...
Yakima
WISCONSIN:
Keshena
Lac du Flambeau
Oneida
Red Cliff
Wittenberg
72 180
889 2730
.1..
75 85
35
142.89
13.00
142.89
16.88
237.29
142.89
16S.06
142.89
23.50
158.33
flS8.3S
177.87
24
142.8^
14fl.8»
41.50
142.89
142.89
142.89
142.89
70.89
72.0^
142.89
142.89
142.89
142.89
151.28
140.78
142.89
Choate Agrees With Commissioner
The following letter from a former United
States ambassador to England gives an idea
of the views of prominent public men on the
liquor question:
March 28. 1914
My Dear Mr. Sells:
I thank you very much for sending me a
copy of your letter 'To all employees in
the Indian Service." You are absolutely right
in your position that if we can save the
American Indian from the curse of whiskey
we can save him from pretty much ail the
other ills that threaten him.
Very truly yours.
(SIGNED) JOSEPH R CHOATE.
Souvenir posters of employees* baseball
game may be procured at the printing office.
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April 11,1914
201
Religious Conditions of Indian People
/Vww pupilti' letters. Sant«€ {Nebr.) Word Carrier.
The Seneca Indians have a feast each year
(hat is called the "Green Corn Feast" and is
held during the month of August. These
feasts are generally about a week. About
the third day they have a game which is
called the "Seed Game." There are two sides.
the Ncntb and South, and the Indians bet on
ihese games. During the dry part of the
season they have a dance, called the "war
dance." It see ms to be a kind of religious faith
that if they dance all night God will under-
stand that they are wanting it to rain and he
will cause it to rain in a few days.
There are no religious workers among the
Seneca tribe, except the leaders of these
meetings where they eat the mescal bean.
The older p)eople are always wanting the
younger people to join, especially the young
men. They tell them that it will cure them
from drinking.
There are no mmisters in this community
excepting one. but the Indians do not attend
this church. They have no missionaries
among the Senecas to preach and teach them
the right and wrong way of living and of
accepting Jesus Chirst as their heavenly
father.
Each family of this tribe live on a large
farm and do their own farming, and take
care of their farms the best they know how.
They have their own family prayers and are
said m the Seneca language.
There is no gambling and card playing
or drunkenness among this tribe, unless it is
the young boys and men. There is no dance
hall in this community.
This tribe has a faith that is very peculiar.
When an Indian dies, exactly ten days after
the death they serve a supper that is called
"dead supper." When they are serving
dishes to the visitors they also serve a dish
to the dead. When night comes they put
these dishes of food on a table and leave
it there for two days. They say during the
time of each meal the dead returns and
feasts on this meal.
I think it would be of some
if a minister or missionaries were
the Senecas and teach them to w
our only Savior, and bring them
sion that it is only a superstitious
have in the mescal bean and t
they have. And I also think
boys and girls who have the opi
attending these schools should
themselves when they return hoi
some of God's workers among thei
bringing the young people into t
of holding prayer meetings, orgai
C. A. and Y. W. C. A. societies \
ing Sunday school and church ea
Nye Toozha Passes Aw
Nye Toozha, the Apache boy wt
such a valiant struggle for life
two months, passed away Thursc
and interment was made in tl
cemetery. Nye was a bright littl
his teachers and school mates
with his people in their northern
Temperance Hotel in the SI
In the world-famous "Bowery'* c
City the Salvation Army has recent
a large hotel for men, in memory
William Booth. The structure is <
imposing, in grim contrast to its si
Its ten stories are provided with e
ice and contain 636 comfortable re
them having outside windows,
boasts tile floors, decorated ceil
painted walls, comfortable furnitu
ing plants. The hotel is the fine
Army flag in America, and is prob
passed by any in the world. Com
Booth, before an audience compo
vation Army workers and interes
spoke the words which formally
doors of the institution for sei
homeless men of New York City.
According to press reports the i
wine cellars of the world— those
can— are to be cleared of liquor,
by action of the Pope, who is said
abstainer. — 6^«tV7« Signal,
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202
The Native American
Lawrence, Kansas
Indian Leader.
The marriage of Lawrence Reece Peairs to
Miss Edith Laming will occur in Kansas City,
Missouri, on April 11,
James Minesinger has been appointed black-
smith at Colony, Oklahoma. He left Saturday
to be ready for work Monday morning.
Miss Anna E. Egan, who was kindergartner
here in the early days of the school, has been
transferred from White Earth, Minnesota,
where she was chief clerk, to the Seger school,
Colony, Oklahoma.
George L/.iPlant, a mixed- blood Indian pro-
moter, of Wagner, South Dakota, has purchased
four hundred acres of land in the Black Hills,
which he will convert into a summer resort.
The consideration was $10,000.
Miss Helen Clark, who represents the Pres-
byterian Women's Board of Home Missions at
Neah Bay, Washington, gives in the Home
Mission Monthly an account of the Indian
Shakers. She «»ays in part: "When the agent
forbade the medicine men from practicing
their rites, and ordered them to secure a doc-
tor, they were not ready for it. When a child
was sick and they could not use the tom-toms
to scare off the evil spirits, they lit candles
round the child and rang bells. Working
themselves into a frenzy one of them began to
shake, another and another was added and
finally *shaking' became very popular. Later
it became a part of their religion to confess
their sins with uplifted hands, and stand in
that same position till they began to shake.
Those who are nervous and weak shake almost
immediately; others, sometimes, have to stand
many hours. When one is up for membership
they circle around him and brush off his sins.
Some open doors or windows and throw them
out. They are always shaking over the sick,
and any one shaken over must not only fee the
leaders, but feast the crowd. One Indian
Shaker said to another Indian: 'Come over
and shake; it's as good as getting drunk. You
tingle all over.' This I believe to be true,
and that is the reason why those who shake
have no desire to drink. It takes its place."
Flandreau, South Dakota.
Weekly Review,
Last night after supper it was base ball, but
this morning all were surprised to see a couple
of inches of snow, and now it is snow ball.
Mr. Breuninger left for Red Lake, Thursday,
where he has accepted a position as instmctor
of a new band to be organized there.
Adelegationof Cheyenne River Indians will
start for Washington in a few days to lay their
desires as to handling of lands and funds be-
fore the Department in person. Now that the
grazing leases are expiring the Indians there
have a fine opportunity to make good in the
stock raising business which it is understood
they wish to take up on a large scale.
Daisy, Washingrton
By Special Correspondent.
Day school No. 6, Colville agency, is beauti-
fully located on the west bank of the Columbia
river, some sixty miles from the Canadian
line. We are about ninety-five miles by rail
and twenty miles by stage northwest from
Spokane. W. H. Pfeifer is the day school
teacher.
The agency is a large one, somewhat moun-
tainous, partly forest and partly prairie. Some
gold and copper is mined on the reservation.
When the river is flush boats sometimes come
up the river to a point some miles above the
school.
There is a Catholic mission a few hundred
yards from the school. These people are nearly
all Catholics.
There are several day schools on the reser-
vation, our school being near the northeast
corner. The superintendent is J. M. Johnson
and the day school inspector is F. F. Avery.
Inspector Avery is just now finishing up a
thorough inspection, taking copious notes on
schoolroom work as well as the other activi-
ties of the schools, as now required by the
Department. He was at this school March 23,
and spent the day in the schoolroom.
Rainy Mountain Boardingr School
Home and School.
Dr. VanCleave, the eye specialist, favored us
with a vocal solo at chapel last Wednesday
evening. The boys say that they like to hear
the docter sing, but don't like to hear him
whistle. (He has a police whistle to call them
in from play for eye treatment.)
Supervisor William B. Freer made an official
visit at the Rainy Mountain school last week.
The Indians call Mr. Freer their good friend.
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April II. J9 14
203
Contributed by TupiU
Eighth Grade
Mark Kalka was a visitor here at the school
Uii Saaday. He is now working in a print
shop at Mesa. We are glad to know that he
is doing well for he was one of our best workers
while here at school.
Mr. Steele conducted the service Sunday
jfteruoon. His talk was good and interesting
to hear.
The sewing room girls are very busy making
new summer uniforms* for the girls and we hope
that they will get them done before long.
We are glad to take up our studies again
after a week's vacation.
Friday the 8th grade is vo have examination
OQ questions from the reader.
We girls enjoyed the c hance of picking flow-
er* given by Mr. Wade. We think Mr. Wad?
is very kind to let us have some flowers once
in a while. Many thanks to him.
The boys and girls are very glad because
summer is coming. Everything looks beauti-
ful around here.
Oar spring vacation is over and we are now
back in school studying hard to pass our exami-
oatioQs which will take place some time soon.
Rev. Mr. Steele, an Indian evangelist, has
had the pleasure of speaking to the children
several times in the school chapel. We all
enjoy listening to him.
Sixth Grade B
The Y. P. B. content will be held on the last
of this month. Those that are to take part are
ttill studying on their pieces.
The painters are now working on the build-
ings at the East Farm.
Benedict Toahty is getting to be an expert
painter and takes interest in his work.
The farm boys have hauled several loads of
gravel and Abraham Nelson proved to be the
boss of the boys. When any of our wagons are
itack in the sand he manages us, and tells us
what to do.
The rifle company again started in prac-
ticing after a week's rest for the competition
drill is near at hand.
We sixth grade Bare studying at>out Andrew
Jackson in our history.
We farm boys have finished cleaning our
ditched. Mr. Hammock said that we should
have cement ditches which would save us a
lot of digging.
Lemuel Yukku, a new man at third base on
the school team, is all over the field. We hope
that the flying Hopi will do some classy work
this year.
Last Saturday afternoon we nurse girls and
Mrs. Wittenmyer went out in the country and
we visited some of the orange groves. The
ride we had was enjoyed by all of us.
The sixth grade B are having the princi---^
parts of verbs in language.
I received a letter from lyirro Ramon, \
was a former student of this school, saying t
Pedro Nortez is now a fireman on the S. P. r
road from Indio to Los Angeles.
The Oklahoma boys are going to give a ^
dance for the literary Monday night.
Fifth Grade A
The school soon will be out. When we tl
of the time being short it makes us work har
We are all working hard in our school v
because we'll have our examinations pr
soon.
The weather is getting warm, but we
glad to see the flowers in bloom again and
the trees are green.
In the evenings we girls enjoy ourse
playing prisoners' base. One of the fast
ners is Eva Ludington, so we depend on ncr
when we get caught.
I hope my sister Amelia will soon be dis-
charged from hospital, so she can go to school
again and learn more. She hasn't been going
to school for a month or two.
I received a letter from home telling me that
there is some snow on the ground yet, while
we are having warm weather down here.
We fifth grade A pupils are writing abou
**Camping Out." We hope to see some of the
stories in the Native Ambrican.
We fifth grade A class are very sorry to miss
Joyce Wade who went home on account of
her health. We all hope that she will get well.
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204
The Native American
Monday evening after supper Mr. Wade kindly
let the company A girls have some sweet peas.
And we all thank him very much. Some even-
ing he said he is going to let the next company
ome.
Heap of Birds, one of the wagon shop
ras very proud of the wagon which they
d a short time ago.
ill like to watch the men work on the
nk. We hope it will be finished soon,
first team is practicing hard for the
Ttrith the Normals next Saturday. We
lat our team will win.
examination in arithmetic is coming very
id so everybody is studying hard on it.
new steel tank is about half done, I
will be finished soon,
it two o'clock on Saturday afternoon
going to have a dress parade here for
chers of this county.
Says are getting hotter and the fields
In are getting ripe so this makes the
>ys look forward to the new hay stacks
:hcy will build.
painter boys are working very hard
g the buildings. It is going to look nice
ley get them all painted.
Garton told us that the teachers might
our garden and so we have to clean up
they get here.
fth grade A pupils are studying abont
ton of tuberculosis germs. We are tak-
Interest in it, because we know it is an
int thing.
>ridters were glad to have two new boys
nth. They are James Moses and Chas.
They are both good workers.
3hool pupils were all glad to welcome
itors last week for the Returned Stu-
:onferences.
Keep Your Record Clean
By Berlon Bralty
e, my son, that when you start
ght of any kind
ir enemies can never find
oked action on your part.
e that they may freely roam
► your past, and snoop about,
!omb it with a fine tooth comb,
I never dig a blame thing out
a mean or fraudulent or vile.
?h every man is sure to make
an error and mistake.
If you have lived upon the square
You still can make your fight and smile •
And never worry, fret or care
How much your foes may try to cast
The calcium light upon your past.
But if you haven't played the game
Your foes will find your hidden shame
And you will get the bitter blame.
And get it good;
And though your fight be just and right
—Good night!
And so it*s simple business sense,
Although the pressure be immense,
Although temptation may be keen —
I SAY IT'S SIMPLE BUSINESS SENSE,
TO KEEP YOUR RECORD CLEAN!
— Seattle Star.
Carrying the Mail on Ice Yaclit
If there is a point southof the Alaskan boun-
dary where the United States mail carriers
have to contend with adverse weather condi-
iptons paralleling those of the Arctic regions, it
is at Put*in-Bay, that famous island in ^Lake
Erie where Perry won his victory a century
ago. Separated from the Ohio mainland by j
12 miles of open water, the 'coming of winter
brings hardships to the men whose daily task
it is to traverse the distance laden with the
mails. Few have been the days in the past
14 years, however, when the weather was so
inclement that the trip could not be made. A
stout sailboat is the usual means of communi-
cation, but when the ice closes, and boating is
impossible, the ice boat is called into play, and
the distance is traversed in record time. Ad
automobile has been driven over the ice in 17
minutes from Port Clinton on the mainland to
Put-in-Bay, but the flying ice boat made the
trip in 14 min utes. This novel method of carry-
ing the mails is fully described and illustrcted
in the March number of Popular Mechanics
Magazine.
Mr. Warren E. Crane, who was recently ap-
pointed teacher of woodworking and mechani-
cal drawing, arrived on March 17, accompanied
by his wife and three little daughters. Mr.
Crane was for some time an employee at Car-
lisle, but has been out of the Service for five
years. — Indian Leader,
Washington, Oregon and California are in
line for constitutional prohibition in 1914. We
hope^ to see them '*make the map of the Pa-
cffic Coast all white."— C/fiiVwf Signal,
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There's a knowing little proverb.
From the sunnv land of Spain,
But in northland, as in southland.
Is its meaning clear and piain.
Lock it up within gour heart:
Neither lose nor lend it—
''Two it takes to make a quarrel;
One can alwags enditr — Ex.
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Indian School Floats in Sun Fete Parade
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NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 15
c4pra 18, 1914
^umbtr f6
A Word From the Returned Students.
HE attendance and the interest shown this year at the returned stu-
dents' conference was the most gratifying feature of our spring
holiday week. The young people are coming more and more
each year to realize the value of cooperation and to experience
the spirit of helpfulness to each other. They are trying not
only to solve their own problems, but to help solve the problems of
others. Many good things were said, and we are glad to give brief extracts from
some of the remarks:
Dear friends: It gives me great pleasure to meet here for the first time. It is the first
time that I have ever attended your conference. I have heard of your meetings, but it was
impossible for me to attend on account of being at work, and last
Crouse Perkins year I was on my mission work. As the doctor says, he has known
me for some time. I was taken to Albuquerque when I was about so
high. I stayed about six years there and came houje in the latter part of 1897.
I was much interested in listening to the paper on farming. I think that is one of the
most important occupations because everybody depends upon what the farmer raises
You may learn all you can about carpentering and the other trades, but it does not help
you very much when you get on the reservation. Farming is what will help you, and I am
glad that I had learned a small portion of it in my school days. I was not very old then
when I got on the reservation and began to see the people working. Some of the younger
boys about my age tried to get me away, but I thought I would go into farm work, so I started.
After much hard work I was able to clear more than ten acres, taking such good care to
get all the roots that when my crop came up there was not a single sunflower there, which
gave me much encouragement.
Later I went to Blackwater where my home is now. My father had two pieces of land
80 he turned one over to me and I went to work with it. It was last year; then I began to
take up another kind of work, and you know what I am trying to do.
Now, I do not want to take up all the time from the others. Start in and work now
start right, and you will be much happier when you get to be a man.
ss yj PI
Mr. Chairman, fellow students, and visitors: I am very glad to be here with you all
I did not expect to speak here, but they have asked me to say a few words, and so I guess
I have to; I can't get out of it. I have been at Sacaton a
William IVhitman number of years. I was there when Doctor Marden was there;
I have known him ever since I came into the school. I think
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208 The Native American
I came here in 1902, and since then I have been here up to my graduation. Of course it
gives me great pleasure to attend this conference. I have been been here twice this year.
Since I left this school I have been on the farm trying to dig the ground and get it in
shape for my crops, and I am still at it. I am going to keep at it. I have learned a great
many things at my home that I never learned here. If you learn a trade, there will be
something doing all along the line of your trade. Farming is the most important industry
among the Pima Indians, and it is a pretty good industry, too. I know that the Pima In-
dians are interested in agriculture. I know if you take up farming, that you have got to
keep digging into the ground. Of course, you will find it hard at first. I had a hard time
at first, but as I had learned the carpenter's trade, of course once in a while I got something
to do in that line, but it has mostly been farming. I have raised wheat, as many others;
you all know what the Indians raise. I planted two and threefourths acres of cotton. We
got a good crop out of it, but I think I am too lazy this year. I find cotton very useful in
a great many ways, and I find, as many others of the Indians, that it is a valuable crop.
When I was in school, I did not know that I would be a farmer, and I know that the pupils
who are going out of this school will find that farming will come into their minds; but
whatever may be in your minds, we know that it is going to take years of preparation for
your future, and I hope that you all will go out with the determination that you will have
something to do out on the reservation to help your people. Thank yoa
m m
As Doctor Marden has stated, he saw me about twenty years ago. I won*t say mucb
as to' that number of years. He also stated that I got my education at Riverside, California*
which is true. It was about nine years ago that Doctor Marden sent
Johnnie Mack me there. My health was not in very good condition then, but I went
Ever since then I have been at Riverside. Three years ago, 1911, I
went into business for myself. I took the Civil Service examination, which I passed and
came here for a short time. On account of other business in Riverside I went back.
The Pima Indians have improved very much since I left Sacaton. They have improved
in many ways. There are quite a number of returned students on our reservation who
have taken part m the councils of our tribe. We had a few days ago a meeting of Indians
for our land and water rights. Superintendent Thackery came to us and wanted to find
t)ut if we all liked the way the bill read, and if there was anything that we didn't like; and
if so, we could join them and look into the matter carefully and see to it that the proposed
bill be fixed properly. I wanted them to join in this matter by talking to the chiefs and the
sub-chiefs and explain to them what the people want. For the encouragement of the stu-
dents, I will say that I am sorry that I cut my education a little too short, but still there is
room for improvement for a young man. and there is no person too old to learn. I used to
hear the returned students talking and I sat back in the hall never knowing that someday
I would be one of them. I have attended just one returned students' conference at River-
side. We gave our songs and yells for the different classes. With the education I have, I
am always trying my best to tell some of the old Indians some of the things the white
people do. I know their ways and how they do things and what kind of meetings they
have in certain lines. I have worked among the white people for two years as a tailor, so
therefore, it is a very encouraging thing for the young students of this school to hear the
words of the ex-students of this school; that is, education means a whole lot. The white
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April 18 J9 14 209
people can tak^ your land away, but they cannot take your education away. I may not
be able to attend the commencement, but I here give my congratulations to the class that
goes out from this school this year. Thank you for your kind attention.
Ladies and gentleman, returned students: I call myself a returned student, although I
have not been in Indian schools as a student a great while. What little education I have
I have gotten through public schools. I regret that I did not
stay longer, but it was not altogether my fault. I tried to make Mr. Bartholomew
good use of my time when I was in school but, of course, I was
kind of like the other boys.
I am glad to be in this conference, especially to see so many of the Pima students. I am
like Dr. Marden, I have been o\er there a couple of years and I am like a Pima myself. I
can even say two or three words in the Pima language. I have not been associated with
the other schools but I have had some doings with the Pima students and I must say to
them as students ttat they are just about the finest bunch I have ever been mixed up
with. But the average students are a mighty nice class, I believe, to work with and to know.
This farming idea is a very good idea and I believe the only one for the Pima young men.
I have been encouraging the boys in their athletic games such as baseball, football and ten-
nis. I think the Phoenix boys will testify to the fact that we have some fairly good players
among the Pima and I think it is a very good thing for the boys because young men have
got to have something to do. They cannot farm all the time; they cannot farm all night, al-
though some of them do irrigate at night. These athletic games are a mighty nice thing for
the boys, because they bring them together and keep them out of mischief. We have been
talking of forming some sort of a league. We have a baseball team at Sweetwater, Sac-
aton, Gila Crossing; also one at the Mission school.
I also find there are good musicians among the Pima; it is natural for them to play music.
Since I have been over there I have never asked them to play but what they all came; they
have a sort of craving to get together and practice and play together and talk over things
that help one another. They naturally have that spirit of wanting to do and all they need
ifi a little help along that line. Sometimes the employees of the schools and some of the
people out of school want to ask the question whether it is worth while to spend so much
time and money in educating the Indian. I think the only answer that can be given
them is "Yes." And the best place to find that answer is on the reservation. Of course
you may not find it written in as big letters as you would wish to see, but it is there if you
look close enough.
When the student comes back from the school he wants to live and to do things as
he was taught to do in school, but it is a bigger job than he is able to accomplish for a
while. When he comes back his father and mother have their ways of doing things, the
way they have gotten along with before they knew the white man and it is a pretty big job
to convince those old people on such short notice that they ought to stop their ways and
take up the ways of the student. When the student comes back be finds out that
he must begin little by little to convince the older people that his way is the best.
When students go back home they find conditions very much different from what they
were in school. The boy doesn't find things to work with. A girl doesn't find the things
to work with. They are poor; she can*c keep her dress so nice and clean as she would like to.
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210 The Native American
I was very glad and very much impressed to see the older students get up and talk
and tell their experiences since they left school; it has brought home to me a sort of message.
I thought that if these older people can do the things that they have done, with such little
education as they have, that you boys and you gurls with the education you are getting in
this school, ought to be able to do much more than the older people have done. • Thank you.
m hu
I am only too sorry that I haven't any success to tell you, but I wish to tell you in a
general way that I very much agree with the answer to the question that it is best to
educate the Indians. I have sometimes heard that the returned stu-
IVilliam Peters dent is not worth killing, because if he is not worth killing, he is
worth saving. We have been trying to live the ideal life that our
superintendent and teachers have taught us to live, and though some say that the returned
student is not living up to his ideal life I would like to ask you who ever did live up to the
ideal life? My dog is the only thing that I know of that lives the ideal life. He eats,
sleeps and drinks, that is his idea of life.
During my life time I have seen marvelous changes. During the few years that we
have had the returned students from this school we have been trying to live up to what
we learn here. I am glad to say that the returned students are doing that, and you can
see the answer, as my brother said. I want to show you a little home on the desert among
the Papago. In that little home — it is not a very nice home, yet it is a home — that home
has worked up to the ideal standards, considering the place out there. I was surprised to
find that in the desert and when I inquired from what school that student had come
the answer was that he came from the Phoenix school.
^ s«y
As I sat and wondered what message I might give you a multitude of subjects crowded
before me and I hesitated, they all seemed so very important and so vastly different.
Perhaps the most serious thing in our physical life is death. The
Jessie Marago death rate on the Pima reservation has been such this year as to
cause many to think and ask what is the reason. Now, it is simply
this; the race is growing weaker in physical health. Now this might be unavoidable owing
to the fact that the Indians are undergoing a great change in their physical life, yet I wonder
if we are, each and every one of us, doing our best to strengthen rather than weaken the race.
Now I want to say that I have never known of any old time Indian life but what it held
in practice many excellent customs that might be an improvement on the white man*s
civilized way of living, as it pertains to the Indian. So it is with your tribal customs. As
you enter into this new life that is being thrust upon you let me tell you to hold to those
things, those customs and principles; and as you take upon yourselves this new life take only
the good things and shun as you would poison all that is unworthy. It seems as if the un-
worthy things of life make a deeper impression upon us than the worthy and thus a race
of humans will more easily adopt the unworthy things rather than shun them.
I cannot say very much about myself, because there is not much to say. I can say
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April 18, 1914
211
this— I have always regretted that I have had so little education. I started out in 1893
and I got out in 1903. I wish I had gone to another school and got
more education. I want to impress this point upon the students of John Howard
this school. Stick to this school and get all the education that you
can get The best part of a person s life is that part spent in school. The days of school
life are the best. I want to say this: When I graduated from the school in my oration I
quoted this saying of Benjamin Franklin: "Diligence is the mother of good luck." Since
1 left school I have always tried to stick to that quotation, although I have found it hard
at times. I have gone wrong; I have failed in life, but I am glad to say that it is possible
that some of these students have a good idea and 4f they stick to their idea they are going
to get to their feet every time they fall. It has been quite a long while since I left school.
Ifelt pretty good when I left school. Of course I feel that I knew very little of the future
life I was to lead, but I found out that experience was the best teacher of all. I have been
at Sacaton as a dairyman, although I hav^ had no experience in past years along that line
but I am game enough to try any kind of work that I am put on to. No matter what kind
of a job you are given you should try to do the best you know how.
m m
Mr.'Chairman: I am not an Apache but I will say a few words about myself.
The^atement that has been made here by our friend, the last speaker, is a sad thing
about what has been done to us about cutting us down to a
smaUnereage of land.^ We have enemies of all kinds, and you Joseph Wellington
ktiQWthatas well as I do; we have enemies among our >vhite
brothers^a^d we have enemies even among our own people from among different tribes
aad these'^nemies Fm going to say but little about. Thoee are wanting our land and
h^ye.tionc'wfaat tfaey have done to us. and we have not got nmch land left to us for our
owB use., but lam glad to say this that we have friends among the white people who are
he^piilg tid:^alohg, and if it were not for these people the land which we have left would be
smflda'^ if dt tiad not been for their interest in us, and some of you know that they have
worked all they could to secure the land for us. You know. that the intention of the Govern-*
ment is to educate us so that we may go back and give what we get in school to the old
people; and I am glad for the experiences that have been told here of those who iire trying
to do what they can to uplift their people. It is an encouragement to hear such experi-
ences. I am sorry to say that there are some who are going the other way. They are try-
ing to introduce the old way of living, dancing at night, singing at night. But if we do a
little kindness, give a little help, even though it is small, it might spread out and influence
and in that way we may come closer together. There are some who are sad because of the
way they have lived their lives. They say: "The way I Jive is Dobody*s business. If I get
hurt in doing this, nobody else will get hurt; just myself and nobody else.'' It is a sad thing
to me that those people that I have just told you about would say: "Let us do this." which
they know is wrong. They are going backward instead of pressing forward. I want to say
that if we can do anything in the right kind of life so that we can help along instead of
pushing back into our old way. try to lift people up. we should do so. I am glad that
most of you are doing well.
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212
The Nattoe Amencan
The Native Amewcan
Enterad at Phoenix. Arizona. «t Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School Phoenix. Arizona
TVVfi>rrY-FlVlfl OBNTS A YBAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST.
Mr. Saateo was a visitor at the school
early ia the week.
Dr. Delchercame over from Sacaton Wed-
nesday to place Ahill Ramon« one the Pima
boy.s in the sanatorium.
^06i
A generous supply of eggs was added to
the bill of fare in the pupils* dining room
Easter Sunday.
Mr. Bartholomew came over from Saca-
ton Wednesday accompanied by his wife
who left on the evening train for Hot
Springs, Arkansas.
Manuel Chullow of Santan has passed the
week at the hospital on a visit to his son,
Carl Lowe. Carl has been seriously sick for
ten weeks and is still in a critical condition.
^o«
Dr. Keck gave an illustrated talk to the
l;>upils in the chapel Wednesday evening on
«ye diseases, particularly refraction and
trachoma. A number of lantern slides
showed the eye in various stages of disease.
Dr. Keck is examining the eyes of all the
pupils.
Superintendent Thackery drove over from
Sacaton Saturday in his new automobile
bringing Mr. and Mrs. Levi Chubbuck who
had been making a visit on the reservation.
Dr. and Mrs. Delcher and son were also in
the party which arrived in time to be present
at the luncheon given for the Maricopa
county teachers.
Mrs. Chiles* girls of the farm cottage were
presented with a beautifully decorated basket
of Easter eggs by Mrs Wilmot of Central
Avenue.
'dO«
The Catholic boys and girls attended serv*
ices at church in town Sunday morning
escorted by Miss Adams.
^06i
Daniel N. Thomas, a Pima Indian, of
Sacaton, Arizona., who is learning the print-
ing trade at Hampton Institute, was one of
the speakers on the winning team in the re-^
cent Adams prize debate at the Hampton
school
90«
Little MLss Elizabeth Breid*s fourth birth-
day was the occasion for thirty of her friends
being entertained at the assbtant superin-
tendenc*s cottage last Saturday afternoon.
Mrs. Breid was assisted by Mrs. Elliott and
Miss Viets of the East Farm.
90 6i
Miss Gould gave an Easter party Wednes-
day evening to her pupils of the second grade:
and the little folks numbering over sixty
had the time of their lives. They plained oi>
the lawn north of the dub until dark when
the scene of festivity was changed to the
diningroom. Here James and Edgar bad ar»
ranged a long table, attractively decorated^
at which the refreshments were served. Big
candy eggs were the prizes for the guess-
ing contests which greatly amused the little
folks.
90«
The industrial teachers cooperated with
the academic department Saturday morning
to entertain the visiting teachers and interest-
ing demonstration work was noted all along
the line.
idO»
The profusion of roses and sweet peas added
a charm to the floral decorations in the rooms
and on the banquet tables Saturday.
90«
The members of the Arizona Printers and
Publishers association visited the printing
department of the school yesterday.
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April 18. 1914
213
Junior Prize Winners Receive Medals
The gold and silver medals won at the re-
cent junior declamation contest by John
Taylor and William T. Moore, respectively,
were made this year into seal rings and
have now been returned to the boys properly
engraved. The regular medals which have
heretofore been presented to the boys and
girls have frequently been lost by their owners
and it is thought that the rings will be much
more suitable. Inasmuch as the junior de-
clamation contest is an established event in
the school and one which pupils look for-
ward to as they come up through the grades,
the token which signifies a boy or girl as
winner in such a contest is something which
should be kept for life and it is hoped the
boys may be more fortunate with the beauti-
ful new rings.
It has been susigested that the teachers
who drill the speakers should have a medal
to attest their energy and faithfulness, but
the results obtained in these annual contests
are in themselves a glowmg tribute to the
faculty in the academic department.
Experts Discsss Cotton
At a luncheon given in the city Wednes-
day, W. T. Swingle, botanist of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, discussed the Egyptian
cotton inlustry of the Salt River valley.
^'E.siypt,** said Mr. Swingle, as quoted in the
Arizona Republican, ''does not grow the kind
of cotton raised in the Salt River valley. There
is no other country where it is grown. And,**
said Mr Swingle, "you are going to have some-
thing still better. We have developed a still
higher grade of cotton at Sacaton by the
process of seed selection. Th£ fiber is an
inch and three-quarters in length, while that
of the best grade Egyptian cotton is only an
inch and a half in length. Our new cotton
lacks only uniformity now, but we will se-
cure that and then the valley will have a
kind of cotton superior to any that has ever
been produced in the world.
"Growers can afford to produce high grade
cotton here but they cannot afford to raise
short staple cotton on irrigated land. There
is nothing in store here for the short cotton
grower. His cotton has no value as an
advertisement. There is no future for it.
Nothing can happen to surprise him except
a drop in prices to which short staple cotton
is always suscptible. It may drop again to
8 1-3 cents a pound which no grower on
irrigated land can stand. But the grower
on the $10 an acre land of the cotton belt
can stand it. The growers of the long staple
cotton here are without competition. They
can never have any competition. There are
few places in the world where the climate
and soil are favorable to long staple cotton.
The market for it is world-wide"
Mr. Hudson said that the Indians of the
various reservations of the valley would
raise about four hundred acres this year.
Mr. McLachlan, who has been over the val-
ley, said that the crop was in excellent
shape and that the stand is generally good.
In the course of his talk Mr. Swingle said
that the time would probably come soon
when 40,000 acres would be devoted to
cotton in this valley. The organization
should be prepared to meet such a develop-
ment.
Easter Musical Program
The musical program rendered on Easter
Sunday at the school was as follows:
Doxoloffj
Prayer
Song — **Jesus Wants Me for a Sunbeam**
Second grade small girls
Scripture reading
Anthem— "Ring the Joy Bells'* Choir
Recitation — **Baster Bells*' Contra Lewis
Cornet solo — "Face to Face" Silas Tenijieih
Solo— "Forever with the Lrord" Dr. Preid
Review of lesson. Dr. Marden
Hymn School
Following the program the Sunday school
had the pleasure of hearing several of our
visitors, splendid talks being made by Mr.
and Mrs. Chubbuck, Miss Jessie Cooches-
mena, oi^e of our returned students from
Toreva, and Misses Rainer and Nelson, mis-
sionaries from the Hopi country.
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214
The Native American
Teachers Entertained
The doors of the Indian school were thrown
open last Saturday to the Maricopa County
Teachers* association and the nunrrbers in
which the instructors arrived proved the
appreciation of the school's invitation
All the arrangements were in charge of
Principal Scott and the academic teachers,
and the chapel decorations as well as the
girls' home where the luncheon was served
showed the results of their artistic endeavors;
More than 225 plates were laid. The Ari-
zona Republican says in part: *The Mari-
copa County Teachers* association, 200 strong,
held their monthly meetingSaturday at the
United States Indian school. The subject
discussed was geography. After the meet-
ing a luncheon was served by the authorities
of the Indian school and this was topped off
by a military parade which aroused rounds
and rounds of applause. Every teacher pres-
ent voted the meeting at the Indian school
the most enthusiastic, the best attended, the
most interesting and the Hiost enjoyable of
the year. It is the last meeting this year
and the spirit of sociability and helpfulness
developed makes each and every teacher
look forward with great anticipation for the
return of the meeting next year.
"The business over, the teachers retired in
a body to the dining hall where dozens of
tables groaned under sumptuous plenty.
The hall was beautifully decorated with as-
paragus. The luncheon was prepared by
the club cooks and served by the students
of the school. Everything was delicious.
Everybody seemed to be waited on simulta-
neously. If Dr. Mayo were present he would
have agreed that at the Indian school the
cooking problem was solved.
"After the inner man was satisfied post-
prandial speeches were delivered by Mr.
Rummel, Superintendent Goodman and Prin-
cipal Stabler, President Randall acting as
toastmaster.
"Mr. Rummel read a poem, the refrain of
which was: It is nobly good to teach the
youth of this wild west.' In conclusion, Mr.
Rummel extended the thanks of the associa-
tion to the teachers and authorities of the
Indian school for the hospitalities that were
so kindly and generously extended.
; "Superintendent Goodman spoke of his
many years in the Indian Service. He re-
joiced over the fact that Fernando Rodriguez,
a student of the school, took second rank in
scholarship at the Phoeiiix high school. Mr.
Goodman quoted figures to prove that thq
Indian is gomg to the public schools in '
greater numbers year by year. Mr. Good-
man appealed to the teachers to extend the
hand of welcome to any red men knocking
on the door of the public school.
"Principal Stabler spoke on the social side
of the association. He said: "There ought
to be cordial relation among us. We ought
to know more of each other, for then we
have a better opinion of each other. Our^
comradeship should be warm, true and*
honest. A teacher that builds himself up
by throwing another down does not belong in
the profession.
**The speeches over, the teachers went to
the athletic field where from the bleachers
they reviewed a military parade funiished
by the Indian school corps. There were
eight companies in line, about 400 students
participating. Not a white man had a thing
to do with the entire drill. Ricardo Padillo
acted as major and Robert Burke as adjutant.
Solomon Leupp was the drum major. As
the companies swung into line the teachers
applauded wildly. It was clear that the
discipline appealed to the schoolmarms and
pedagogues. As the teachers were filling
the streets cars that took them to Phoenix
many a kind word was heard in praise of
the Indian school and the red men."
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April 18, J914
215
BasebaU
Track
^yithleiic^s
Swimming
Tennis
Indians Win From Normals
If Saturday's opening game for the 1914
series for che Republican cup presented no
other interesring features, the discovery of
Arres, the classy 16-year-oid Mission Indian
pitcher, would maiie it worthy of a lengthy
chronicle, for Arres was really and truly dis-
covered Saturday when he held the hard-
hitting Pedagogues to five hits and one run,
struck out ten men and turned in and hit
the oniy home run of the game.
Arres struck out three batters in a row in
the second inning. Arres struck out three
batters in a row in the seventh, after hav-
ing allowed one hit. He fanned his trio so
fast that the man who had got on the paths
failed to un^lue himself from first base.
A lightning-like double play in the ninth
saved the Indians from a possible second
score. Castle had hit and then took third
on an oyerthrow. The second man up
struck out, that was Downs. Hartranft (vas
hit by a pitched ball. There was a man on
first, one on third and one down. The natu-
ral consequence was a desperate double
steal to score. Castle tried it once, but
Austin tossed down to Yukku. Between
them they had the runner out, but Yukku
dropped the ball. Then drawing the throw
his way, Hartranft tried mightily to get
Castle across. Young Butler, the shortstop,
crossed over and took tne throw, which was
rather wild, ignored Hartranft speedmg for
second and pegged homa Austin had Castle
by enough to be sure. Then he slammed
to Yukku, who held it and tagged Hartranft
out easily on thurd base Une.
The Indians have now started what will
likely be their second successful campaign
for the Republican* s baseball trophy. The
Normals have held the cup for the past two
years, taking it away from the Braves in
open competition after the first year. Now
that the Valley High School League has
been formed and the Indians and Normals
are out of it, there remain only the two
teams to fight for the mug.
If the Redskins take it this season then
each will have won it twice and the fifth
series in the spring of 1915 will determine
for all time the possessor of the cup.
Indians
Runs 00011020 X— 4
Hits 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 0 X— 10
Normals
Runs 0 00010000—1
Hits 0 0 10 10 111—5
R. H. E.
Indians 4 10 3
Normals 1 5 6
Batteries— Arres and Austin; Foster and Mc-
Creary.
Braves— Anton, center field; Yukku. third
base; Earl, second base; Austin, catcher; Te-
nijieth, first b^se; Reynolds, left field; Garcia,
right field; Butler, shortstop; Arres, pitcher.
Pedagogues — Flannigan, shortstop; McComb,
third base; McCreary, catcher; Castle, left
field; Downs, right field; Hartranft, second
base; Roberts, first base; I>eal, center field;
Foster, pitcher. — Arizona Republican.
Swimming Tank Filled
Mr. Klingepberg had the plunge filled so
that the disci >linarian*s department would
present a good appearance to the visiting
teachers Saturday, and some of the swim-
mers on the campus took advantage of this
courtesy soon thereafter.
Normal Game at Tempe
The Indian school baseball team will jour-
ney to Tempe Saturday to play the strong'
Normal team the second game of the season
which will probably be the last and deciding
game for the possession of the cup for this
year. If the Normals win, another game will
be necessary and that will be played in
Phoenix.
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The Native American
Literary Members Do Stunts
Monday evening was "stunt evening" at
the Literary s wiety and the program was
accordingly varied from tne ordinary liter-
ary numbers. When the curtain rose, a
Pima boy astride a wooden horse gave an
idea of the trend of the evening. There was
also a Pima-Maricopa song. James Moses
gave an artistic rope twirling with all the
ease of a professional, and Ramon Garcia
did some very good work, but hardly as
finished as his rival for honors.
Lucy Medicinegrass showed her skill as a
nurse and did a very neat arm bandage. A
sextette from the band played two very
good numbers, and "Blind Tom" would have
recognized himself instantly had he seen
the piano performance of Mr. Stacy. Eas-
chief Clark did some clever juggling with a
dru n ra ijor's baton and William T. Moore
was the magician of the bunch. John Win-
nerchy and Benedict Toahty were the native
New Yorker and the tourist. Frank Butler
with a hammer and tacks, some pieces of
clotli and paper painted a ship that was so
realistic the audience planned a summer sea
voyage at once. The war dance of the Okla-
homa boys ended the program.
m
Indian School at Sun Fete
Phoenix Indian school took its usual promi-
nent part in that city's celebration on Thurs-
day. Besides the band, rifle team and batta-
lions, four floats were furnished by the school
representing primitive Navaho life, Hopi life,
the trades, and the academic department.
The Arizona Republican ot Friday begins
its account of the parade with the following
compliment which we duly appreciate:
Yesterday was just Thursday every place
but here. In Phoenix it was the day of the
second annual Sun Fete pageant.
It was the day on which a crowd, estimated
at 15,000, saw the march of the tradition
preserving cohorts of Azteca through the
streets of the city.
Rather shorter than last year*s parade, but
with just as much dazzle of colors, was this
feature procession. Again it is to award the
best praise to the Indian boys and girls. Not
only did the United States Indian school
furnish all the Aztec characters, supply
the Indian life floats and one of the bands
but it put in the bestdisplay of evenly march-
ing, well-drilled youngsters. When the two
squads of Indian girls and boys broke into
fours squads right at the first corner, took
the side street that way and then bent into
Washington forming company front, the mili-
tary man had to say, "Ha, that was well
executed."
Without the Indians there would have
been lacking another valuable feature — the
floats representing the dwellings and modes
of dressing of the several Arizona tribes.
From the brush hut ofthePimatothehogan
of the Navajo, this section was complete.
On the Pima float made by the Salt River
Indians was a woman grinding real corn on
a real metate, and cooking real tortillas from
it. The Navajo float carried au Indian boy
silversmith, and on the Hopi was a craftsman
in leather embroidery.
Rev. Claude Jones of the Christian church
of Phoenix added two very interesting fea-
tures to the Sunday afternoon service at the
school besides his address to the pupil&
His choir of more than thirty provided ex-
cellent music and Miss Bernice Eggle8ton,one
of the talented readers of Phoenix, gave a
beautiful rendition of "The Vision of Sir
Launfal."
We are glad to have Mr. and Mrs. Chub-
buck with us this week. While Mr. Chub-
buck has been here several times in the
past several years it has been seven years
since he was accompanied to the southwest
by Mrs. Chubbuck. They left Thursday
evening for Riverside, California, where Mr.
Chubbuck, who is with the bureau of farm
m&nagement under the Department of Agri-
culture, will make his headquarters for the
present and where they will establish a tem-
porary home. He has the district including
Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona and California.
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April 18, 1914
217
From Other SchooU
Euf aula Boardingr School, Eufaula, Okla.
By Special Corrfgpondent.
It is now the intention of the boarding-school
to present to the public the Indian operetta,
**The Feast of the Red Corn,*' on Wednesday
evening^, April 29, weather permitting. The
early presentation of the closing play is to help
relieve the rushed condition of closing exami-
nations, exhibit work, etc.« usual at the close
of the school ye.ir, and to furnish entertain-
ment for the visitors of the Women's Feder-
ated Clubs* which is to meet here at that time.
We want the people to become acquainted with
the school activities and to show them what
the Creek girls are capable of doing. This is
to be a campus play and all are cordially in-
vited to attend — if our present plans materi-
alize.
Miss Salina Carr, junior at this school, was
appointed assistant primary teacher at the
Presbyterian Sunday school recently.
Bird day was observed at the school in the
chapel with the following program:
Doxology
Prayer
The Use and Care of Birds Miss Pope
Song, "Spring" School
Lincoln's Kindness to Birds Miss Wright
The Origin of Birds (Indian legend) Ida Mcintosh
Piano solo. *The Cuckoo" Hettie Sulphar
ReciUtion. "The Cock-Sparrow" Wanda Mcintosh
The Address of the Birds Five little girls
Song. "Bob White" Intermediate girls
Reading, "Bob White"
Answered by the girls with the whistle of the bob white.
RedUtion, ^'The Mocking Bird" Gertrude Posey
With music by Miss Botto
Reading. "Why the Swallow's Breast is Red"
(Indian legend) Salina Carr
Story. "The Doves of Dandolo" Miss Morley
Song. "The Polish May Song" School
The Faculty Reading circle met with Misses
Jordan and Campbell in the room of the latter
on Thursday evening. The subject under dis-
cussion was J-pan. Invitations were sent out
on Japanese stationery. The projsrrams were
Japanese in design and contained this original
verse:
**Thls very night we'll travel away.
Together we'll go in company gay.
To the land of kimonas and pretty bright things
And quaint styles and costumes where childhood sings.
To Old Japan we're going tonight
To view these things which are out of sight."
The girls are enjoying the beautiful days by
playing ball. Two teams have been organized
and the "rooters" for each side make the air
resonant with their enthusiasm.
Miss Campbell's apartments were decorated
and festooned with flowers and the alcove of
green lattice work and vines with dra)>ings of
oriental design completed a beautiful effect.
Roll call was as follows:
History of Japan Miss Jordan
Topography of Japan Mrs. McCrary
Products of Japan Miss Botto
Earthquakes and Volcanoes Miss Hendrix
Religion Mrs. Owen
Army and Navy Miss Morley
Educational Methods Miss Cheshire
The First Treaty with the United States Miss Northington
Japan and California Miss Campbell
Peculiar (^stoms Miss Pope
Japan and Russia Mr. Campbell
Contributions Japan has made to the World Miss Wright
The responses were especially interesting
and instructive and evidenced deep study in
the various lopics. The teachers were dressed
in the oriental garb which added to the effec-
tiveness of the meeting.
A contest, **The Floral Wedding," was com-
pleted by names of flowers and Mr. Campbell
proved himself most apt and received for his
efforts a hammered brass desk piece of Jap-
anese design. Refreshments consisting of
raspberry freeze and marshmallow cake were
then served. The appointments as far as pos-
sible carried out the subject. Dainty fans were
given as favors. The evening was especially
enjoyed inasmuch as Japan and her people are
always interesting.
There remains but one more meeting for
this year. This will be April 23 with Dr. Tol-
leson and Miss Hendrix. The subject will be
'*What to E^at."
Tucson Indian Training School
By Special Correspondent.
The Rev. John N. Steele, evangelist to the
Indians from the Presbyterian Board of Home
Missions, held a series of meetings at the
school during the past week. He spoke twice
each day and the church service on Sunday
afternoon closed his visit. The teache'-s and
students have been greatly helped by his
preaching.
The Presbytery of Phoenix held its spring
meeting in Tucson from April 2 through April
4. The school had the pleasure of enierlain-
ing Rev. Dirk Lay of Sacaton and Rev. George
WiUon of Indian Oasis during the Presbytery
session. At the popular meeting on Friday
evening the school choir furnished the music.
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218
The Native American
The special music was an anthem by the choir
and a solo by Susie Jackson.
On Easter the choir gave excellent music
both at Sunday school and at the church
service.
School closes on Wednesday, May 6. Mon-
day evening the music students will give their
recital. Tuesday evening the school will give
its annual closing entertainment.
lydst Saturday the Indian school baseball
team played the Tucson High school team.
The Bscuela team won the game by the score
of 10 to 8. The school is justly proud of its
victory since the high school the week before
had won from the University of Arizona.
Battery for the Training School team is Alfred
E. Jackson and Vincent Garcia.
Flandreau, South Dakota
Weekly Review,
Mrs. Wood ham resigned her position at the
end of March and Thursday left for Chicago
where she has been accepted as a student nurse
in Jefferson Park hospital, and will take up a
two years course in general nursing.
It is reported that Supt John H. Scriven of
Rosebud has resigned and will leave the service
in a short time.
Rev. Edward Ashley of Cheyenne River has
been appointed as general missionary among
the Indians of South Dakota. He will continue
to reside at his old home and travel over the
state as needed. Dr. Ashley has been in mis-
sion work among the Indians for more than
forty years, most of the time at Cheyenne
River agency, and has a host of friends
among the whites as well as among the In-
dians. His visits to Flandreau are welcomed
and enjoyed.
Greeting From Haskell Y. M. C. A.
President Y. M. C. A., Phoenix Indian School:
We have been hearing good reports of your
Young Men's Christian Association organiza-
tion, and we are convinced that it is doing
great work for the young Indian boys. I am
sure your organization has a great purpose in
view for the Indian race, that is, it has the aim
of turning out real leaders for our race, be-
sides developing them morally, physically and
spiritually. Without doubt you have all real-
ized the one great factor in the make-up of the
red man lacking is that of Christianity and that
should be our aim, to become thorough Chris-
tians, as we are the "Hope** of the Indian race.
The Haskell organization sends you its heart-
iest congratulations upon your good work, and
may it continue to grow and in time become
one of the best organizations among the Indian
schools.
You have our co-operation in trying to make
the Y. M. C. A, as the great foundation for the
solving of the great **Indian Problem.*'
In behalf of Haskell Y. M. C. A. we, the
cabinet members, send you our best wishes for
a most successful year. We are
Respectfully,
G. E. E. LiNDQUisT Jambs Smith
JUBBI, H. Wn^SON Lr. Lr. Gn*I,ENWATBR
BuRRV W1130N A. M. Vknne
Wii,i,iAM WiLWAMS Jacob H. Doxtatbr
H. J. Fu)OD Chari^bs Scott
Haskell y. M. C A, Cabinet
Children and Gardening.
The formation of a children*s club for
gardening and canning in northeast suburban
Washington was recently announced in the
news. The purpose is to interest and instruct
children in the useful and important work
of creating food, teaching them by practice
certain fundamentals of gardening and pro-
moting a habit of industry and thrift. The
art of canning will be practiced with a view
to having the children learn of the economy
and comfort of food conservation. As an ac-
companiment to all this the children are to
keep systematic accounts of expenditures and
of income Jrom the proceeds of their work.
The thoughts of people in the cities are turn-
ing more and more to the cultivation of the
land, and these thoughts, if persisted in and
followed abidingly and intelligently, may lead
to more healthful living and greater indepen-
dence. The idea of gardening or of farming
implanted in children may turn them into
basic producers to their own good and comfort.
School gardens are generally admitted to have
been productive of benefits. Vacant lot gar-
dening has given healthful work to large num-
bers of people and cut down the cost of living
for a good many families. In the rural sec-
tions the boys* corn clubs and girls* tomato
and canning clubs are teaching useful lessons
to the older generations as well as the younger.
There is room for vast improvement in the
cultivation of American land even in the light
of present knowledge of agriculture — a know-
ledge which is expanding and will continue to
expand until the farming methods of the pres-
ent will in a few years to come seem to the
farmers of the future as crude, wasteful and
inefficient as to the farmers of today seem the
methods of their ancestors. — Washington Star,
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April 18. 1914
219
Contributed by 'Pupil ^s
Sixth Grade A
We are now beginniiig' to get our exhibit
papers ready for commencement.
We all enjoyed the **8tunt" program last
night. I think that the Indian war dancers
were the best.
The swimming pool was filled last week and
the boy* thought they were to have a chance
to swim.
We sixth grade A pupils are learning the nine
pans of speech for our grammar lessons. We
have to work hard because we are behind the
other classes.
We sixth grade pupils are working some ex-
amples in arithmetic for exhibit work and Miss
Hendrix said she was sorry that some of us
could not work our problems.
In the school rooms we are studying hard
so when examination comes we may be able
to make our grades.
The Indian School band lead the procession
of the Arizona Elks Tuesday afternoon for
the opening of their convention.
The grass is about to be cut and we farm
boys are ready for it.
The first game wds played here last Saturday
against the Tempe Normals and the Indians won
the game. Next Saturday they are going to
meet them at Tempe.
We sixth grade pupils are working hard on
grammar studing about our principal parts of
speech.
The sewing room girU are pretty nearly
finished with the company B white uniforms,
but they are starting on those for the other
company now. They are anxious to finish
them before commencement so they can wear
them to parade.
We hospital girls are glad because there will
not be many of the pupils come for eye treat-
ment after they have been examined.
Dinah Mcl^ean made a lovely strawberry
short cake last night for the nurse girls' table.
We thank her very much but it makes us wish
for more.
Fifth Grade G.
We are all proud of the way the boys played
ball Saturday. The flying Hopi is all there with
his speed and can run the bases. He also can
chase the flys that come his way.
We fifth grade C pupils are going to read
about "Things Spoken of as Persons*' and the
other is "The Farmer and His Sons."
We are glad to be in school again after our
long vacation and hope that many of the chil-
dren will try hard on their lessons because in a
few more weeks the school will be closed
again for the summer vacation.
Carl Lowe is about the same. We send him
some sweet peas and roses once in a while in
the evening.
Mr. Wade was so kind as to give the morning
schcol girls some pretty roses.
Kate M. Mooney, one of our Supai girls, says
that she likes to work at the laundry but says
it was too hot for her.
The days are going very fast and soon we
will have our final examination. I am very
interested in all of my lessons. I am getting
to be more interested in my arithmetic lessons
than any other. I'll try my very best and get
some good grades in my lessons.
The weather is getting hotter and the flowers
are blooming. The grass on the ground looks
beautiful and also the trees around the school.
Robert Stanley, who has been working at the
dairy, has been changed to the farm and is
driving the mail wagon.
Daniel Reed is getting to be a good farmer
and Mr. Hammock is proud of him.
The fifth grade pupils are getting along
better on their spelling this month. Harry
Austin is the best speller in our grade.
Chief Supervisor Suicides
Press Dispatch to Muskogee Times- Democrat
Washington, April 13.— E. P. Holcombe, chief
inspector in the Indian Service and at one time
prominently mentioned as a candidate for Com-
missioner of Indian Affairs, committed suicide
by shooting at a local hotel late this afternoon.
Holcombe recently conducted investigations in
the Osage Nation which lead to conspiracy in-
dictments against a number of prominent Ok-
lahomans by the Federal courts.
The campus flowers have never been pret-
tier than this year and everybody is adhering
strictly to the rules and not picking without
the gardener's permission.
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220
Tht Native American
EAi>ster y^torie4:
William Smith, Second Qradt A
Once upon a time far away in a country the
chickens did not lay ef^gs very much, because
they did not have enough to eat. And bO be-
fore Easter the little birds said the children
in the country would not have eggs the next
day.
They said: '%et us call the little rabbit/' and
they said to the rabbit: **Tomorrow morning
you come to u* and we will each give one of
our eggs." The little rabbit said: **Thedogis
barking; he will chase me back if I go up
there.'* "Well, you come very early in the
morning," the bird said.
So very early in the morning before it was
light the little rabbit got up and went
to every tree with a basket on his arm. Each
little bird gave him one ^gg and the little
rabbit went to every house. The children
were asleep and the rabbit put one ^gg beside
each pillow. In the morning the little chil-
dren each one had a colored ^f^f^^ because the
little birds have all kinds of eggs.
Do you know why we keep Easterday? Be-
cause Jesus died and rose from his grave on
that day. And he died for us.
AnUy I$abel, Second Oradt B
Once upon a time there lived a woman who
had two children. They were very poor and
Easter was coming, and the father and mother
said: ''What can we do for our children? We
are poor; we have not much money."
And the next day the father and mother
talked and talked. One said: **Iknow what we
can do. We will go and get some eggs and
color them very pretty and we will hide them
in the bushes. And also we will have a great
feast."
The next day was Easter and all people
went to church, and when Sunday school was
over the father and mother told their children
to go and look in the bushes and see if they
could find anything. All the children ran as
fast as they could. One little girl peeped in a
bush and out jumped a little rabbit; and there
she saw some eggs, nice colored eggs. The little
girl ran and showed them to her mamma and
told her that the little rabbit gave her the
pretty colored eggs. And that is why we always
have rabbits at Easter time.
And then they all had a feast and the chil-
dren went home with happy hearts to remember
that Jesus arose from the grave on the first
Easter morning.
UNITBD STATES CIVII«-SBRVICB EXAMINATION
Engineer and Carpenter (Male)
May 6, 1914.
The United States Civil Service Commission
announces an open competitive examination
for engineer and carpenter, for men only, on
May 6, 1914, at the usual places. From the
register of eligibles resulting from this exami-
nation certification will be made to fill a
vacancy in the position of engineer at $840 per
annum at the Tohatchi Boarding School,
Navajo Agency, Arizona, in the Indian Serv-
ice, and vacancies as they may occur in posi-
tions requiring similar qualifications, unless it
is found to be in the interest of the service to
fill any vacancy by reinstatement, transfer, or
promotion.
Persons who meet the requirements and
desire this examination should at once apply
for application form 304 to the United States
Civil Service Commission, Washington, D. C.»
or to the Secretary of the United States Civil
Service Board at any place of examination.
No application will be accepted unless properlf
executed, including the medical certificate,
and filed with the Commission at Washington
in time to arrange for the examination at the
place selected by the applicant. In applying
for this examination the exact title as given
at the head of this announcement should be
used.
The greatest single issue of the Congres-
sional Record ever published was printed last
week. It contains 186 pages, and the entire
work of setting the lype and printing was done
in eight hours. Edward Nevils is in charge of
the -^^^^n/ division of the Government Printing
Office.
During the first three hours devoted to set-
ting the type thirty-seven linotypes were at
work, and then for four hours a battery of fifty
machines, the entire capacity of the Record
division of the Government Printing Office,
was set to work.
It took exactly one hour to print the Record,
— Washington Star,
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N>^^j°^^>4^^KW>^
IT A A A A A A A A A A A A A T
V A' A A A A A A 7
IT A A A' A A 'A 'A iK
Commissioner Sells
on the Liquor Traffic
^BE LIE VE that the greatest pres-
ent menace to the American
Indian is whiskey. It does
more to destroy his constitu-
tion and invite the ravages
of disease than anything else. It does
more to demoralize him as a man, and
fi equently as a woman. It does more
to make him an easy prey to the un-
scrupulous than everything else com-
bined. Let us save the American Indian
from the curse of whiskey!
G J
Y A A A A A A A A A A
'A 'A AT
IT A A' Jl' A A A A A A A •» •» •• :
*
%#%#»/%#%#%» •• •J \r %t %» \» %t %i
A A A A A A ^ A A A A A 7
IT'A 'A 'A A A A A A A 'A 'A A A A 'A A A A A JT •
DESIGNED BVFREOQUAIL, mohavk-apachc. printbr-a^prcn->'ick.
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•O' O <j
President Woodrow Wilson
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE"'
ilJili
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 15
c4ptU 25, 1914
9(umbtr t7
The New York Indians
By Hon. Levi Chubbuck, Agriculturist, in Thirty^first Annual Report of Indian
Rights Association
N Indian problem in New York state? Yes. one of long standing, reaching
C3
back to colonial days, and it promises to remain unsolved for a long time
to come unless there be an awakening of public conscience and a demand
for its solution. To the writer the chief difficulty seems to be in a division
of authority over the New York Indians between the state and Federal
governments, each of which exercises only limited jurisdiction, leaving
to the Indians a considerable measure of autonomous government, in accord
with tribal law and regulation. Not infrequently these are radically opposed to the state
laws and repressive of social and economic development.
The 1910 census shows that there are 6,046 Indians in the state of New York, about
200 of whom — the Montauks and Shinnecocks — live on Long Island. The Shinnecocks, of
whom there are 150, have a reservation of 750 acres near Southampton, Long Island.
There are six other reservations in the state of New York: the St. Regis on the St.
Lawrence river in the extreme northern part of the state, in which there are 14,640 acres;
the Onondaga, with 6,100 acres and the Oneida, with 350 acres, near Syracuse; the
Tonawanda with 7,549 acres; the Tuscarora with 6,249 acres; the Cattaraugus with 21,680
acres; the Oil Spring with 640 acres and the Allegany with 30,469 acres, all in the western
part of the state. The total acreage in these reservations is 87,677.
Title in fee for this land runs back to the grant of the Massachusetts colony by the
King of England, and became involved in the controversy between New York and Massa-
chusetts growing out of a later grant to the New York colony that overlapped that of the
Massachusetts colony. By a compromise between the two states. New York was given
jurisdiction over the disputed area, while Massachusetts retained the pre-emption right to
the lands occupied and claimed by the Indians. This pre-emption right was disposed of to
Robert Morris and later was acquired by the Ogden Land company, which now claims to
own the fee to much of the land at present includrd in the New York Indian reservations,
particularly the Allegany and Cattaraugus, the Indians having only the right to occupancy
and that so long as they maintain tribal relations. The Indians, however, claim the abso-
lute ownership of the land subject only to the right of the Ogden Land company or its
assigns to purchase whenever the Indians shall elect to sell. The Tonawanda reservation
of 7,549 acres is an exception in that the Indians acquired the title to this by purchase and
the title is held in trust by the comptroller of New York. The Tuscaroras also have absolute
title in fee to their 6,249 acres.
On none of the reservations, excepting the Oneida, has there been any allotment of
land in severalty. Individual Indians acquire and dispose of tracts of land among them-
selves, but the land still remains the property of the tribe.
The New York Indian problem is emphasized by the fact that the Indians are segre-
gated from the rest of the population of the state by state statutes and allowed to main-
^ w<^ w-
g^^KM^.jj°^0 o o
228
The Native American
Cotnfni>t>rioner*>r Letter
April 5. 1914.
To all Reservation Superintendents:
I greatly desire it to be understood through-
out the service that the present administra-
tion of Indian Affairs is determined that every
Indian shall have opportunity and encourage-
ment to accomplish industrial betterments.
I want you to know that the magnitude
of this undertaking is fully realized, and that
while I do not think it can be accomplished
in one summer nor that it can be done with-
out bard work and some sacrifice on the
part of all of us, I am firmly of the opinion
that it can be, should be, and must be done.
I am not at all satisfied with the agricul-
tural, stock and industrial conditions gener-
ally existing throughout the Indian country
and I am determined that unceasing effort
shall be put forth to bring about a radical
and speedy change.
Primarily the opportunity for advancement
among Indians is largely agricultural and
stock raising. The Indians own the land and
with proper eacouragement can so develop
their possessions as to insure ultimate self-
support.
The farming season is at hand. Every
farmer should at once become actively en-
gaged m advising and teaching the Indians
how to prepare the soil, the kind of seed to
select, when and how to plant, grow and
harvest, and the best use to be made of his
crop when produced.
The Indians should be made to realize
that the grazing lands of the United States
are now almost entirely his own and that
he has readily within his reach the possi-
bility of becoming the cattle, horse, and
sheep king of America.
All these things involve earnestness of pur-
pose and close co-operation between the In-
dian Service employees and the Indians. To
insure the best results every man charged
with such a responsibility as farmer or stock-
man must devote his time — every day of his
time — ^in heart to heart association and hand
to hand working in his particular sphere. It
must be '*a long pull, a strong pull and a pull
altogether" as they say at sea.
I cannot refrain from calling attention to
a situation that is very unsatisfactory. I
have information from dependable sources
and from all sections of the country that
farmers in the Indian Service devote most
of their time to work associated with the
business end of the agencies: that our farm-
ers, with a few notable exceptions, are not
in fact practical and helpful as farmers; that
they do not go out among the Indians on
their farms as they should and as hereafter
I earnestly desire them to do. It is almost
discouraging to contemplate that after years
of employment of men who have been espe-
cially charged with the work of advancing
the farming interests of the Indians no more
has been accomplished.
Commencing immediately I wish word to
go down the line from the Indian Office in
Washington to the agencies, and horn the
agency throughout every reservation and on
to each allotment that every Indian Service
farmer shall give his time to actual farming
and that under no circumstances shall he
continue, as so generally has been done,
making the office work the first consideration
and the promoting of the farm work of the
Indians secondary. These things must be
reversed.
Congress, the tax-paying public and the
Indians have a right to expect full return
for every dollar appropriated and such per-
manent industrial advancement of the In-
dians each year as will justify the main-
tenance of the force of farmers and stock-
men now employed and give promise that
eventually they may no longer be required.
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April 25, 1914
Nor am I satisfied with the fact as I am
now coDviDced that the superintendents, gen-
erally speaking, spend altogether too much
time in the office attending to duties which
properly belong to clerks, when the superin-
tendent, to accomplish the best results, should
be out in the field among the Indians look-
ing into their home comforts, after health
conditions and in close contact with them,
giving personal attention to their farming,
stock raising and other relationships that
they may be encouraged to do for themselves
the things that they cannot have done for
them for an indeHnite period of time.
Hereafter, the superintendent, in place
of devoting three-fourths or more of his time
to office duties, shall devote a very large
part of his time among the Indians on the
reservation.
I do not anticipate that the carrying out of
these directions will bring about any appre-
ciable congestion on the so-called "paper
work" of the office. I believe the greater
portion of the office work will be found to fit
in with the field work so that it will be done
in connection therewith and without hind-
rance to it
Reservation employees should know the
Indians and know them well; understand
their condition and substantially aid them
in their forward march toward self-support
and equipment for citizenship.
Sincerely yours,
CATO SELLS,
Commissioner.
My Brother's Keeper
{Continued from page 225.)
Commissioner Sells declares that, with the
responsibility of his official oath upon him,
he would not touch a drop of any intoxicat-
ing liquor. This is a responsibility which
should be realized by every person in au-
thority, no matter who he is or where he is.
The father cannot reasonably preach to his
son against the use of liquor if he himself
drinks it. The employer cannot in fairness
forbid his employee the drink of whiskey
which he himself takes.
Each man is his brother*s keeper — each
man knows in his heart that he is. He may
haltingly ask the question, but he knows the
answer before he speaks the words. He
knows that he is the big brother to every
weaker one than he. This principle was
established when Cain was driven into the
wilderness, banished for bis crime — but
more for his cowardly evasion. Recognition
of this principle is a belief in every man*s
heart, no matter how zealously he may
strive to disavow it.
The whole country is better for this letter
of Commissioner Sells. It contains much
excellent advice for the people in the Indian
Department, but — more than that — it carries
a sermon to every man in every station. It
is another answer, specially well put, to
the ancient question, "Am I my brother's
keeper."
A Great Cherokee
Oklahoma has selected as one of its citi-
zens to be honored by a statue in the Na-
tional capitol, Sequoyah, or George Guess, a
Cherokee Indian, born more than a century
ago, who was a most remarkable man. He
was the inventor of the Cherokee alphabet,
by which in a short time he turned all of
his tribe from illiterate savages to literates.
By means of thirty-six characters and a few
modifications thereon he was able to print
the spoken speech of the Cherokees and it
took an average of but three days for an
aborigine to learn the system.
It wds a notable achievement and Okla-
homa does well to honor this man, who
never lived permanently in what is now the
state, but was looked upon as the prophet
of the Cherokee tribe and was intimately
concerned in its migration to the west. —
Philadelphia Inquirer,
Work has been started on the new quarters
for the Cook Bible school on lots across
the street from our school building. Light
pressed brick is to be used in the main
structures which will be a credit to the
neighborhood.
Digitized by
Google
226
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, at Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWJENTY-FIVB OKNT7S A YEAR
OF LOCAL AND PERSONAL INTEREST.
We are in receipt of Sherman Institute's
commencement invitation, the exercises to
be held May 10 to t3 inclusive.
Supt H. J. McQuigg of San Xavier agency
at Tucson was at the school over Sunday.
He was accompanied by Mrs. McQuigg.
An ice cream social was given on the lawn
last Saturday evening and the proceeds will
go toward an electric motor to be used for
running an ice cream freezer.
The weather man provided us with a cool
snap Wednesday. Snow is reported in north-
ern Arizona and Phoenix gets the chilly
breeze from the mountain country.
Chief Special Officer Larson of liquor sup-
pression branch of the Indian Service was a
caller at the school Thursday. Mr. Larson
came to Phoenix on business connected with
bis department.
Mrs. Thackery and son Harvey and Mr.
Ward accompanied Superintendent Thackery
over from Sacaton Monday. Mr. Thackery
left on the evening train for Washington,
D. C, where he was called on official business.
Mrs. McLaughlin gave a party in the girls'
sittingroom Wednesday evening for the pupils
of her grade. The boys and girls spent an
enjoyable evening. Refreshments of ice
cream, cake and coffee were served. About
a dozen employees were also present to
enjoy Mrs. McLaughlin's hospitality.
The Native American
Dr. Breid gave an illustrated talk in the
chapel Wednesday evening on "The fly."
Commencement is drawing near, the dates
being May 10 to 15 inclusive.
Mrs. Grinstead and Katherine were visitors
at Mesa Tuesday and Wednesday.
SOS
A large crowd of pupils and employees at-
tended the baseball game at Tempe last Sat-
urday afternoon.
Easter greetings come from Mary Jack
who left school last year for her home at
Lovelocks, Nevada.
Mrs. Nellie Davis of McDowell is now em-
ployed as assistant matron at the small boys'
home. Her husband, Gilbert Davis, is em-
ployed at the Federal building in Phoenix.
A number of the employees are planning
to take advantage of the educational leave
and also spend part of their annual vacation
time in summer school work at various
places.
Misses Phoebe Elm, Esther Davis and
Minnie Pike gave a party at the girls' sitting
room Friday evening. Refreshments were
served after the social.
The Salt River reservation float won first
prize in the parade last week and the check
for forty dollars was sent to Superintendent
Coe. A typical grass hut was one of the
striking features of the Salt River float and
the Indian woman grinding corn in the primi-
tive method made a "true to life" picture
which received much applause. Sacaton re-
ceived the second prize and their float was
also carried out in splendid detail, the wild-
cat skins stretched on the back of the hogan
and the pumpkins showing through the open
door giving realistic touches of Pima life.
ZJST
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April 25, 1914
Indians Get Cup for Another Year
The Indians won the second game from
the Normals at Tempe last Saturday by the
score of 7 to 1. This game gives the In-
dians at least two out of three, therefore
giving them the cup for this year.
Arres pitched for the Indians and again
demonstrated his superiority by holding the
heavy-hitting Normals to three hits and
striking out eleven men.
The Indians started with a rush in the
first inning. Anton was hit with a pitched
ball and Yukku singled. Earl cleaned up
with a two-base hit near centerfield. The
whole team batted around once for a total
of five scores. Austin was hit by a foul tip
in the last inning and Butler went in behind
the bat to receive the last ball pitched. The
Indians played almost errorless ball and hit
heavily.
Mr. Arnold of Tempe umpired and was
competent and fair.
Sacaton Boy Seriously Injured
Andrew Manuel a Sacaton school boy,
sustained a serious fracture of the skull
Thursday while on a picnic. He was brought
to Phoenix by Dr. Delcher and Mr. Ward
and taken to the Sisters* hospital where Dr.
E. P. Palmer, assisted by Dr. Delcher and Dr.
Breid, operated and removed the loose frag-
ments of bone.
The boy was on a school picnic and
wandered away from the others on a moun-
tain climbing expedition. He was missed
shortly and when found was in an uncon-
scious condition resulting from a deep wound
on the head.
Sanatorium Notes
Seth Oldman, John Barnes, Don Kocha-
quahi and Edmo Jeans were transferred this
week from the sanatorium to the school.
Jerry Scoffer of Sacaton has returned
home after a period spent at the sanatorium.
Thomas Mzicteno, a Potawatomi boy who
spent the winter at the sanatorium left Sat-
urday for his home at Mayetta, Kansas.
227
Hail to Arizona
Fifty years ago Friday Arizona was made
a territory of the United States, and loyal
Arizonans from desert to mountain spent at
least a few moments in celebration of our
beloved state's half century birthday.
At high noon the students of Phoenix
Indian school lined up and with the em-
ployees joining in giving three cheers for
Arizona as the whistle sounded the hour.
Congratulates Native American
Los Angeles, Cal., April 21, 1914.
Mr. E. W. Lawrence,
Phoenix Indian School.
Dear Sir: Mr. P. P. Greppin, who has just re-
turned from a visit to Phoenix, has handed
to me a CDpy of the magazine, and some
other matter, published by your students.
It gives me pleasure to acknowledge the
receipt of this literature which is not only
very interesting but is evidence of the in-
telligence of the students and the good work
that is being done by your school in the in-
terests of the Indian boys and girls of your
section, and I wish to compliment you upon
the publication of this little magazine; it is
indeed very neatly gotten up and reQecti
credit on your institution.
Wishing you continued success in your
good work, I am
Very truly yours,
E. H. GREPPIN,
Manager. Blake, Moffit and Towne.
As Others See Us
The Native American— Your story of the
picnic,^ written by the pupil of the 4th grade,
is very interesting. An occasional story of
nature adds to the paper. — Crimson and
Grav, Waitsburg, Washington.
Native American— Your little weekly paper
which comes to us so often is extremely
interesting. Especially so are the pictures
of the Indians and their schools, and we are
glad to hear that so much progress is being
made —7%^ Beacon, Asbury Park, N. J.
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224
The Native American
tain a separate political status and that the status of the lands is such as to greatly hinder
development and progress.
The state of New York is maintaining 34 schools, one of which is a boarding school, for
Indian children, and there are two mission schools maintained for their benefit. Excellent
work is being done in these schools, judging by what the writer saw on a recent visit, but
in the opinion of those in charge of the work much of the good is nullified by conditions
resulting from having a code of laws on the reservations different from that prevailing
elsewhere in the state, entrusting the administration of these laws to the Indians regardless
of whether they are efficiently or inefficiently, justly or unjustly enforced. The state and
county officials hold aloof from Indian reservations and affairs on the plea that the Indian
land pays no taxes and consequently the state cannot afford to enforce law on Indian
reservations.
Economic progress will be hindered so long as land is held in tribal ownership, and
the Ogden Land company claim, hanging as a cloud over much of the Indians* land, is an
effectual bar to individual ownership in fee. The present distribution of the land seems to
be very uneven. Considerable areas are being leased to and cultivated by white farmers,
usually at very low rentals and under conditions that are a detriment to the land. Some
good farming is done by the Indians, but for the most part the land is inefficiently handled.
There are several thousand acres of excellent tillable land covered, for the most part, with
brush and small timber, of which no use is made except as a source of a meager supply of
firewood.
Formerly there was much fine timber on the reservation, which was the source of cash
income from the sale of lumber, and of building material for home improvements, but the
good milling timber is now gone. While it was available, many excellent sets of farm
buildings were built, but as one rides through the reservations and sees many large well-
built barns and houses in bad state of repair and notes the small returns the Indians are
getting for their lands one can but ask what has the near future in store for these people?
They have in their soil abundant resources if those are developed and conserved. There
are individuals on all the reservations who are keeping up their buildings, erecting new
ones and farming efficiently enough to prove what can be done.
The Oneidas furnish an illustration of the effect of owning land in severalty. Speak-
ing of those who remained m New York (in 1822 and 1833 there were considerable emi-
grations of Oneidas to Wisconsin), Dr. F. B. Hough, in his monograph on the New York
Indian, says: 'Those who remained, having made commendable progress in civilization,
the state has, from time to time, granted possessions in severalty to families as they appear
proper subjects for this favor. Finally, in 1842, a treaty was held, by which a survey and
partition of the remainder (except a mission and a church lot) was agreed upon. This
transaction was confirmed by law at the next session, and these people have since enjoyed
their lands as private owners, with full liberty to sell and convey the same as citizens.
The office of attorney for the Oneidas was abolished after two years, and they have since
enjoyed their separate estates, with increased motives for permanent improvements. The
state continues to maintain two separate schools for their use. They are mostly Methodists
and they have a good church. Their settlements present ample evidences of plenty and
prosperity, with well-improved farms, good buildings, and an abundance of farm stock and
improved agricultural implements. As a class they are an industrious, frugal and worthy
people, most of them speaking the English language, and in their dress showing little that
a stranger would notice, beyond their dusky features, as differing from the generality of
people among whom they dwell"
Dr. Hough's monograph gives further interesting information as to agricultural develop-
ments one hundred years ago among the New York Indians.
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>-fcfe^^4A4J,M^^'„H"H ^
April 25. 1914
225
My 'Brother's Kjeeper
The recent letter sent to Indian Service
employees by Commissioner Cato Sells calling
attention to their great responsibility in re-
gaird to the whiskey problem among the red
men has brought forth considerable discus-
sion throughout the country. One of the
strongest articles which has come to our
notice is an editorial in the Dailj^ Missoulian,
Missoula, Montana, as follows:
"Am I my brother's keeper?" It is a ques-
tion which has been asked ever since the
birth of man. Always it is asked by some-
body who is seeking to evade responsibility.
Always it is the alibi offered by those who
dodge the issue. It is the cowardly defense
of the guilty. The man who asks this ques-
tion may be classified at once as not right
A day or two ago the Missoulian printed
an official letter from the Commissioner of
Indian Affairs. It was addressed personally
to each of the six thousand employees of the
bureau over which Mr. Sells presides in
Washington. It was devoted to the considera-
tion of the problem of supprescing the sale
of liquor to Indians. Its tone was lofty and
its plane was high. The letter should be read
by every man and woman, by every boy and
girL For its scope is wider than the mere
relation between booze and the red man. It
takes in the whole question of personal re-
sponsibility; it is an able presentation of the
whiskey problem.
•*I believe," says the letter, "that the great-
est present menace to the American Indian
is whiskey. It does more to destroy his con-
stitution and invite the ravages of disease
than anything else. It does more to demor-
alize him as a man and, frequently, as a
woman. It does more to make him an easy
prey to the unscrupulous than everything
else combined. If I say nothing more to
you tonight that leaves an impression, let it
be this one thought: Let us save t he Ameri-
{Continned
can Indian from the curse of whiskey."
Commissioner Sells does not ignore the
question of responsibility, either. In the
course of his letter, he says: "There is nothing
that could induce me, since I have taken the
oath of office as Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, to touch a single drop of any sort of
intoxicating liquor, and this regardless of my
attitude on the prohibition question."
There is the whole proposition. The pri-
mary purpose of the letter was. of course, to
discuss with the employees of the Indian
Service' the question of suppressing the sale
of liquor to the Indians. And it carries out
that purpose admirably. But with that
phase of the letter we have no concern this
morning. We might comment upon what
we know, here in Missoula, of the failure of
the attempts at suppression and we might
present the reasons, as they appear to us,
for this failure. We might quote Judge
Bourquin in connection with the use of
stool-pigeons by the men who are working,
ostensibly, toward bringing about this sup-
pression.
But the paragraphs of the Sells letter
which we have quoted stand out so con-
spicuously from all the rest, that they seem
to us to have a broad bearing upon the
general question of personal responsibility.
And this is a great question in itself.
Commissioner Sells might, with propriety,
have omitted the word Indian from the first
quoted paragraph. All that he alleges m
connection with the mixture of whiskey and
Indian might have been said with equal
truth regarding the results of the consump-
tion of whiskey by any man, no matter what
the color of his skin. And his plea to save
the Indian from the curse of whiskey might,
with equal propriety, have been made as to
the saving of every man and woman, of
every race and creed, from this very evil.
c^fljy yj^ y^ y^ Yiff wj^ Xy "^ ^ps^
230
The Native American
From Other SchooU
Truxton Canyon, Arizona
By Special CorretponderU.
The new three-room cottag-e on'the east side
of the railroad is nearly completed. In the
matter of buildinj^ this school has)'j^been
**goin>f some" this year.
Our baseball team went to Kingman Satur-
day and on Sunday defeated the [Kingman
High school team, the first defeat that team
has had during the season. The last {inning
was a whirlwind for our boys. They made a
splendid appearance in their new suits which
were made in the sewing room.
The cottage formerly occupied b^' the super-
intendent has been plastered and otherwise
repaired and is now used as a residence for
the physician. The hospital is now used as a
hospital instead of a physician*s residence as
it has been used in the past.
Dr. Riggs has just completed the work of
removing adenoids and enlarged tonsils from
all pupils in whom they were found.
A few days ago Dinah Suminimo had the
ratsforlune to have her finger mashed in a
door. It was necessary to amputate it at the
first joint. The wound is healing nicely.
Two new croquet courts have been made for
the use of the pupils. The court for the em-
ployees has been improved and is now in first
class condition. We are developing some ex-
pert players.
The chicken industry this year is in charge
of Frank Peacore who is taking great interest
in it.
The superintendent and Mr. Hart, the engi-
neer, went to Kingman on Monday to attend
to school business and incidentally to attend
Masonic lodge.
Chemawa, Oregon
Chematoa American.
Thursday, April 19, was **clean-up" day at
Chemawa and everything was rubbed and
scrubbed until there was an evidence of polish
on all sides.
Special Agent Brown of the Indian Office,
Washington, D. C, arrived in Chemawa on
March 30 and remained with us for a week or
such a matter. Mr. Brown proved himself an
able and affable gentleman and made many
friends during his brief visit with us.
Miss Bessie K. May arrived at Chemawa re-
cently and entered upon her duties as matron
for the McBride Hall girls. Miss May at one
time was employed at the Tulalip (Wash.)
school and has had such experience in the
service as to make her a valuable person to
Chemawa. We extend a cordial welcome to
her.
Toledo, Iowa
M€$quakU BootUr,
Eighteen patients have reported already and
a number of applications are on file.
With a capacity limited to about seventy
and equipped to handle this number we would
be glad to have superintendents arrange to
send their patients at once.
Col. R. M. Pringle of the construction force
is visiting the sanatorium for the pupose of
looking over improvements recently completed
by contractors and to make plans for the re-
modeling of the present heating plant.
Stewart, Nevada
Nevada American.
Mr. Gehringer is busy each evening after
supper drilling the large girls. The girls en-
joy it very much and are doing remarkably
well. Mr. Gehringer was a drillmaster in the
regular army for a number of years and is very
efficient iu the work.
Lower Brule, South Dakota
BruU Ruetlei:
Miss Pearl Bartholomeau, assistant matron
at Tomah, Wisconsin, has joined the Rustlers
and is to be our new laundress.
Tom McDonald had quite an accident re-
cently on the way home from town. His rig
got on fire. When he tried to put out the fire
the horses ran away and when he tried to stop
the horses the fire got away. He had a bigger
smoke than he figured on when he first lighted
his cigarette.
Tim Ferguson has been recommended for
promotion from the position of stableman to
that of superintendent of live-stock. Tim has
been earning about twice the pay he has been
drawing for a year or more. A fellow like
that is sure to get a good thing.
!^^y^^'^?^^^^'%^^^^W^^^^^^^
^^'^gf'v
April 25.1914
231
Contributed by 'PupiU
' Seventh Grade A
The farmers are now cutting down the bar-
ley and alfalfa and we will soon be haiiling
hay. Francisco George says he will put up a
better stack than last year.
A week ago Monda^y night we all enjoyed a
stunt program which took pl.ice instead of a
regular literary program.
Fay Mitchell, who is working on the new
tank, is missed very much by the seventh grade
A pupils.
Today we axe having examination fn gram-
mer, both in the'^cighth a'ld seventh A grades.
Seventh Grade B
The devils of the print shop are busy pick-
ing mulberries for the pie makers to make pies
for the hungry '*pi-makers."
,The school took part in the Sun Fete parade
last week. Everybody seems to have enjoyed
that long parade.
The baseball team and the boys who went
with the ball team enjoyed a nice automobile
ride.
. We seventh grade pupils will haye our final
^xaminationin arithmetic Tuesday and Wednes-
day. We hope to make passing grades.
Most of the seventh grade B pupils are in
the Y. P. B. contest, which is to be held in
the chap*l some time during commencement
week. We hope to hear good speeches from
them.
The friends of Seth Oldman are glad to see
him back from EJast Farm.
Charles Wilson said he was going 'to train
up for the five-mile run for next week.
The girls of the Y. W. C. A. held their meet-
ing Sunday evening as usual at the girls' home.
We are all anxious for the coming tem|)er-
ance contest.
The girls and boys are all glad because the
team has won two games already and noyir are
hoping to win the third game from the
Normals.
We feel that summer is here for Miss
Gaither is getting the outing list.
Fifth Grade B.
r
The boys have had their eyes examined by
Dr. Keck at the hospital this week.
We were very glad to see Harry Austin
again. He has been sick for several days.
We fifth grade B pupils are coloring the;
maps of South America.
The girls are enjoying the bright evenings
and they are starting up some baseball again'
and hope they will show up a good team be*
fore long.
We fifth grade B pupils are now studying
about the Pilgrims and Miss Garton says we
will write stories about them. I hope some of
us will have some good stories.
The band boys went to Tempe on the old
band wagon Saturday to play for the baseball
game. O/i the way they had a good supper.
The farm boys have started mowing on the
north-west field and" the barley north of the
slaughter house.
Three boys were sent from East Farm to this
school. We were glad to see them.
The painter boys are painting the steps of
the schoolhouse and employees* building and
at the disciplinarian's office.
Mr. Wade is now giving away flowers to all
who ask him for some.
Scott Eldridge is now practicing hard on his
trombone and we hope he will give a solo soon.
Isaac Jose is training for a five-mile runner.
He says he is as good an officer as he is a
runner.
The band boys had lots of fun on their way
to Tempe last Saturday and coming home in
the same way. They got here at 8 o'clock in
the evening and were glad they did not miss
the ice cream social.
James Eldridge is practicing running every
evening for commencement. He runs from
the school to the East Farm and back in fifteen
minutes. We hope to see him win in the two-
mile race.
Amv S. Welch says she likes to work at the
domestic' science because she yvants to learn
how to cook.
The carpenter boys are busy helping build
a dining, room far the East Farm pupils.
Hope we wilj finish it some time next month.
Louisa Adams is getting to be the best cook
we have at the cottage.
^?«F^^^??^^?iVZ\
^ '^^-^^^^^^^^^
232
The Native American
Camping Out
Maya DonUnouea, Mission, 5th orade A.
Once upon a time on a hot day in July six of
us went out camping. We went to a place
called Squirrel Inn. We placed our tent under
two pine trees. Near by there was a fishing
pond where we could go and spend some of
our time. The first day we were putting up
swings and getting all our things in order.
The next morning when we got up we were
disappointed because it was cloudy and we
thought that if we should stay everything
would get wet because the water would run in
the tent. But as noon came the clouds were
going away. In the afternoon we went to
climb the mountains and two of the girls got
lost and so they returned to the camping piece.
We camped there for a week. We enjoyed
ourselves every day. We would find some-
thing new to do every day. Once when Uncle
Joe went out hunting he said he saw a bear
going to the river to drink, so after that we
were always afraid to go to the river alone.
He used to call us cowards, which made us
feel ashamed. When Saturday came we were
all ready to go home. In the morning we
started on our way back and reached there
some time in the afternoon.
John Porter, Digger, 5th grade A.
One morning in July we decided to go camp-
ing. There were five of us agreed to go to-
gether. We packed our things, such as our
blankets and cooking articles and dishes.
Soon we got ready and started off on our long
walk which was about fifty miles. We took no
food with us, only salt, for we knew we could
not get along without that very well.
On our way we shot some game for our
lunch and we walked on until the darkness
came upon us. And then we picked out a place
by the spring for our camping place that night.
There we built a fire and cooked our supper
and ate it, although w ewere not good cooks, but
we were thankful for what we had. We were
all tired and were glad to roll ourselves in our
blankets and go to sleep.
When we woke the next morning one of the
boys had shot a big wild turkey and he was
roasting it by the fire. He had two forked
sticks on each side of the fire and one long one
thrust through the body of the bird. And he
turned it around until it was brown. Then we
made a good meal out of it.
After breakfast we started off on our journey
again through the woods. It was a fine morn-
ing to walk.
We traveled all the next day and the next,
then on the third day about noon we got to the
place we intended to camp. We made our
camp. We made our camp out of brushes for
we did not have any tent with us. In a little
while we had made a nice little hut.
We rested that afternoon for we were very
tired and after supper we went to sleep in our
camp which was without a roof.
We spent our time enjoying ourselves by
fishing and hunting every day. Sometimes we
would go out swimming in the lake which waa
near our camp. We stayed there for one month
and then went home and told our story about
our life in the woods. Everybody thought that
they would like to go the next time.
Liquor Barred in Navy
The sweeping order of Secretary of the Navy
Daniels, abolishing not only the traditional
**wine mess*' of the officers, but all alcoholic
liquors from every ship and shore station of the
navy, which order was published in full in a
recent Union Signal,, constitutes one of the
most notable victories ever won by the temper-
ance forces. The order was issued upon the
recommendation of Surgeon General Braisted.
Secretary Daniels has declared that he had
"largely in mind the question of efficiency**^
when he issued the order mentioned. **If Ihad
not felt so," he said, **I should never have is-
sued it. The fact is, that on the modern battle-
ship, there is so much machinery, electrical
and steam, that it is of the greatest importance
that those in charge of it be not exposed to any
opportunity of being in the slightest degree
influenced by alcohol. The old days of the
sailor-man have gone by. The modern navy
is a navy of machinery, and alcohol and ma-
chinery do not go together."
According to eastern papers, a lawsuit in a
single brewery in Massachusetts develops the
fact that this one concern has spent $100,000
in the last ten years in contributions to fight
prohibition. — Union Signal.
gn^ vffl'-'^jy y^ ^^^"^^^y-^y yiv v^'^xyM
B U Q!
S
J±L
IS
I ■
|HE evil result of the
a liquor traffic among
I Indians is a matter of
grave concern to the white citi-
zens of the country, both for
the reason that they are proper-
ly interested in the uplift of the
red men, and for the further
reason that the impoverish-
ment of the Indian means that
he will ultimately become a
charge upon the tax payers of
the several states.
— COMMISSIONEPv CATO SELLS.
■ ■ -
I
u a
■ (♦!■
■ ■
?i
s
* ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ "
DESIGNED BY LEMUEL YUKKU. HOPI. PRINTER-APPRENTICE.
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'NOT FOB SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFIT'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
WW
MM
iiJiij
iijiij
mm
^olmne t5
Ma,y 2, I9t4
9(txfnber t8
The Medicine Man and the Christian Religion
Address of William Peters, Pima, Graduate Charles H. Cook Bible School, Phoenix, Arizona, April 8, 1914.
i
S Christian workers and teachers of the Christian religion, it is necessary
to know some things with which we will come in contact so as to prepare
ourselves to meet them. The Christian worker among the Indians of any
tribe will find one strong influential antagonist and this is the medicine
man. His aim is to destoy the teachings of the Christian worker. He is like
the liquor dealer; he fights and fights because his trade is at stake, caring
nothing whatever for the souls that go to perdition through his influence.
A medicine man was once asked why he kept on fooling the people when the Christian
religion and the Lord Jesus Christ show his trade to be a work of the devil, and that the
medicine man himself will have to face God and answer for his soul-damning influence. He
said the following words: "I know that, but it brings good pay." I am not surprised at the
answer any more than at the answer of the liquor dealer. He indulges in the practice until
it becomes a part of his life to dig down into other people's pockets.
There are many ways by which a man can become a medicine man, and if you want
to be one I will induct you into the profession and you can put up your shingle tomorrow.
One of the ways is by dreams and trances. If the youth is visited by some animal or bird
personified in the dream, and if this keeps up until the youth grows to manhood, he is said
to be endued with magic power. He is shown in the dream how to treat certain forms of
disease, but he must not practice until he grows to manhood or is told to practice by the
strange night visitor. During this dreaming period he is looked upon with awe because
of the magic power which he is supposed to have. He takes advantage of this and at times
uses words to nurse the thought t)f being looked up to as a man of power. If then he per-
forms some sleight of hand tricks his power as a medicine man becomes at once established
and he fools the people to his own advantage and gain.
The treatment consists in singing songs over the sick and in the use of other things
such as eagle feathers, rattles and tobacco, to aid in diagnosing the case. The medicine
men claim to be able to see through the body by their power. The modern physician is
away behind in this for he has to use the X-rays and the medicine man does not.
Now as to the infiuence which this man exerts over the tribe, one can not fully under-
stand it unless he has been among them and worked for a considerable time. Indians will
not always tell why they do things so unreasonable to the sick or act so unreasonably to
to the Christian worker. When you trace it you will find that the medicine man is at the
back of it.
A few years ago there was a strange story set forth by somebody among the Indians
which seemed to hinder the progress of the gospel. I studied this out until it was shown
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236 The Native American
to have come from three men and not strange to say tljey were all medicine men. One of
these medicine men struck a good profitable business among the Maricopa Indians and the
two rivals* business was rather poor among the Pima. So they put their heads together
and did some business plaoning.
It was during the time when all — Christians and heathen — had one common trouble
about their land being taken away by the land grafters. This was what the medicine men
said: "Before there were any churches and the Indians believed not in the gospel we had
our own ways and the white men did not trouble us. They let us alone and we lived in
peace. But ever since the gospel and the churches came the white men have been troubling
us. They want money; they want our land. Now forsake the churches and do not have
anything to do with the missionaries. Let the churches go and take up our glorious dances
and Indian ways and the white man will let us alone/* There was an awakening of the old
life all over the reservations and many of our Christian Indians fell. The progress of the
gospel seemed to be at a halt All kinds of evils were charged to the Christian religion by
the medicine men. A scourge of measles broke out at that time and the medicine men
said it was caused by the Christians who were once medicine men themselves, and one
elder had to leave the reservation for a time because of the accusation against him.
The belief that the medicine men can cure diseases is so strong that even some of our
returned students, who ought to know better, believed it. One is not surprised at their firm
grip on the people when you think of the centuries gone by during which the medicine men
were the only men that held out hope to the sick, the only men that promised happiness
to the benighted race, the only men that claimed the power over certain forces of nature.
Now as to the Christian religion among the Indians and the medicine men themselves,
it is not necessary, especially to this audience, to relate what it can do. It is no longer a
question with you and me as to what it has done or what it can do. Suffice it to say that
here we stand, nine Pima men in the Cook Bible school. I am not boasting of the fact
that we have more members in the school than other tribes, but I do glory in the power
of the Christian religion that prompted us to learn more of this religion that we may be
better prepared to go and meet our responsibilities to our own people. We feel the weight of
the burden resting heavier and heavier as we are taught the duty we owe to our God and
our people. God help us to bear it faithfully.
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Map 2. 1914
237
^Returned Student Club
The followiag constitution and by-laws of
a returned students' organization in the north
is sent out by Supervisor Dagenett for the
purpose of assisting in the formation of other
societies throughout the country for the im-
provement of the returned students:
The idea prompting the organization of
this club is set forth in the preamble of the
constitution, thus: "To inculcate and practice
the principles of se'f help; to promote the
welfare of its members and the returned
students; to quicken and broaden the spirit
of patriotism; to cultivate good fellowship,
and fair play; act squarely towards all man-
kind and more especially to our fellow
members; to organize a club or society and
provide for its government; this constitution
is ordained/* The name of the Club is the
"RETURNED STUDENTS' CLUB," and the
object of this organization is to promote the
social and moral uplift of its membership; to
assist all worthy returned students to obtain
employment and to encourage thrift and
proper living.
The conditions of membership are as fol-
lows:
Article 3.
Section 1. Any member of this or any
other reservation who has attended school
and has taken up the problem of making his
or her own way in the world shall be eligible
for active membership.
Section 2. Employees of the schools and
agency are eligible for social members and
shall have all the privileges of membership
except holding office and voting.
Section 3. Any member of this club may
propose a person for membership at any re-
gular meeting. The club shall then deter-
mine his admission by three-fourths of the
legal votes cast.
Section 4. Charter members of this club
shall be those entitled to membership who
shall sign this constitution at the meeting
when the same is adopted.
Section 5. Any person not included in
sections 1 and 2 may be elected an honorary
member by an unanimous vote of the mem-
bers at a regular meeting. Such honorary
member shall be entitled to all the privileges*
of a member except holding office and vot-
ing and shall not be compelled to pay dues.
The constitution provides for officers, their
election, term of office, etc. The by-laws in-
clude meetings, quorum, membership, initia-
tion fees, dues, fines, etc. In conclusion the
by-laws state: "It is particularly enjoined
that the members of the club treat each
other with due courtesy and respect; and
that all discussions be conducted with can-
dor, moderation and open generosity; and
that all personal allusions and sarcastic lan-
guage, by which a fellow member*s feelings
may be hurt be done away with and carefully
avoided.
The object of this organization is worthy
and all returned students of good character
are urgently invited to become members of
the club. It is hoped to interest all future
returned students and to conduct the affairs
of the club in such a manner as will bestow
honors upon its members.
W. C. T. U. Contest
A medal contest arranged by Mrs. Broad-
head in connection with the W. C. T. U*
work among Indians is to be held at the
school during commencement week. The
date set is May 12 and six boys and girls
will take part — Annie Eschief, Annie T.
Moore. Emma Clark, Johnson McAfee, An-
tonio Martinez and Harold Kee Thompson.
Over 100 of our boys and girls have signed
the pledge and those who go to their homes
will take pledge cards with them aod en-
deavor to help the work on the reservations.
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238
The Native American
The Native Amewcan
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKNTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
or Local and Personal Interest
Dr. and Mrs. Dameron of Phoenix were
guests of Miss Monroe at the club Wednes-
day.
a:
Mrs. Catherine M. Short arrived from
Parker early in the week and took a tem-
porary position as assistant nurse at the
sanatorium.
a:
A letter was received last week from Ada
T. Fredericks, who is now working at Wins-
low. She is much improved in health and
has been for some time in the same home
and says she is appreciating what she learned
at Phoenix Indian school.
X
Joshua Morris, who has been employed at
the school farm since he graduated, has re-
signed to take a place on a ranch west of
Phoenix at better wages. Joshua is a good
worker and we hope he will like ostrich farm-
ing and give good satisfaction to his new
employer.
X
Mrs. Helena Munn of Phoenix spent the
day visiting the school Wednesday and was
the guest of Miss White at the club at noon.
Mrs. Munn taught for eighteen years in the
public schools of Ohio and was greatly inter-
ested in the academic department of the
Indian school.
X
Andrew Manuel, the Pima boy who was
brought over last week from Sacaton and
operated on at the hospital in Phoenix, died
several hours after the operation. His in-
juries were sustained by a fall while moun-
tain climbing. The body was taken bdck to
Sacaton for burial.
Mrs. Merryman of Phoenix was a guest
of the farm cottage girls at dinner Friday
evening.
a:
Several interesting tennis matches have
been played on our courts in the last week
between employees and town racket wielders,
and the school record has remained good, to
say the least.
a:
Mr. and Mrs. Jose Lewis entertained their
daughter Louisa Lewis, and two other Phoe-
nix outing girls, Lupe Aragon and Isabella
Apkaw, at the club Sunday evening for
supper.
X
From the Y. M. C. A. of the Rapid Qty
Indian school. South Dakota, come greetings
to the Phoenix branch. The boys signing
are Paul Presho. Robert Embry, Mark R
Eagle, Samuel E. Hawk, Benjamin B. Fox,
Thomas S. Elk.
a:
Supt. August F. Duclos of the Fort Mohave
Indian school arrived Wednesday morning
with Mary Smith, a Mohave girl, whom he
placed in the sanatorium for treatment. Mr.
Duclos was at one time superintendent of in-
dustries at Phoenix and still finds old friends
on the campus whom he worked with sonie
years ago.
a:
A number of guests were noticed at the
club Sunday noon. Mrs. Wilmot and bro-
ther, Mr. Hines of Central avenue, were guests
of Mrs Corwin; Mr. Moncravy took dinner
with Mr. Stoty; Miss BidwelFs guest was Miss
Elvira Fike of the East Farm; Miss Esther
Davis was the guest of Mrs. Posey, and Mrs.
Gilbert Davis took dinner with her husband
who boards at the club.
State Chemist Meserve of Tucson was a
caller at the school early this week. Dr.
Meserve is a son of Supt. Charles Meserve
formerly connected with the Indian Service
and now president of Shaw university.
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Mav 2. 1914
239
Bethel Choir Repeats Easter Cantata
The school was afforded a treat Sunday
afternoon when Rev. J. Allen Ray of Bethel
Methodist church filled his appointment by
bringing out the chorus choir of his church
to give their beautiful Easter cantata. Both
the solo and chorus work was excellent and
was enjoyed by pupils and employees pf the
Indian school. Mrs. C. M. Gandy is the di-
rector responsible for the program, and Mrs.
J. Allen Ray the accompanist.
The personnel of the choir was as follows:
Sopranos — Miss Elsa Mayham, Mrs. R M.
Tafel. Mrs. S. P. Span. Mrs. Ethyl Bates, Mrs.
W. C. Wilhite. Mrs. J. E. TannehUI. Mrs. C. E.
Tannehill, Miss Opal Tannehill, Miss Harriet
Stewart, Mrs. H. S. Bennett, Miss Maievon-
teine Howard and Mrs. M. J. Norton.
Altos — Mrs. C. M. Gandy, Mrs. Lewis
Diller, Mrs. Harry Ours, Mrs. W. J. Stevens,
Miss Lilly Morrell, Mrs. Doty, Miss Ethel
Brown and Mrs. B. S. Escher.
Tenors — Dr. Reginald Stroud, D. F. Jansen,
C. D. Burges and J. Allen Ray.
Bassos — L G. Mower, W. J. Stevens, R. J.
Brice, J. E. Tannehill, Lewis Hedgpeth and
M. J. Norton.
Indians and Tuberculosis
Dr. John N. Alley, superintendent of the
United States sanatorium for Indians at Fort
Lapwai, Idaho, says he is convinced, after a
study of the causes of death among the Nez
Perce Indians for the last ten years, that
90 per cent of all the deaths are due directly
or indirectly to tuberculosis. In the hun-
dred years that have elapsed since the his-
toric expedition of Lewis and Clarke to the
northwest, the Nez Perce tribe has diminish-
ed from 8,000 to 1,300. The present tuber-
culosis death rate is about forty per thousand
living or two and one-half times the rate in
the United States as a whole. Dr. Alley traces
the cause of the decimation to the change
in the mode of living of the Indians from
the open air life of the plains to the seden-
tary, settled life of the reservation. The lat-
ter has brought with it the danger of house
infection which was automatically eliminated
in the earlier days. "Ventilation," says Dr.
Alley, *1s completely foreign to an Indian's
nature. It is with great difficulty that you
can get them to pay^any heed to this im-
portant part of sanitation. I have known
twenty or thirty to gather in a small room
where anfadvanced case of tuberculosis has
been housed for months, and to close all the
, doors and windows, even plugging up the
keyholes."
In a recent report of the Office of Indian
Affairs, Commissioner Sells points out that
there are approximately 25,000 Indians in
the United States suffering from tuberculosis,
and that the available government facilities
for their c^re will not exceed 3.000 beds.
As Others See Us*
The Native Amemcan, Phoenix, Ariz., is a
weekly that we are always glad to receive
It is rather plain, though. — The Academic
Record, San Antonio Texas.
The Natfve American is one we like — and
there are others. — Brule Rustler.
Silent Thirty-two Years
(Continued from page 241)
second time, learning more details of his
case. A petition for his pardon was at once
prepared and placed in the hands of Com-
missioner Sells, and it is more than probable
that before the summer has come to the
Montana plains and melted the snows from
the top of the mountains where he hunted
years ago, Spo-pe will be back with his
people. There he will find the wife he has
not seen since she was a young woman and
the two daughters, who were babies when
the palefaces came and took him away.
Isaac McQuallis of Sacaton was brought
to Phoenix Thursday by Dr. Delcher and re-
enters the sanatorium.
Jose Rice, Sam Wilson and Dwight Camp-
bell of McDowell have come to work on the
new buildings at the sanatorium.
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240
The Native American
Silent 32 ^ear*s
IVALING the story of "A Man
Without a Country," the follow-
ing story of the Blackfoot In-
dian Sphinx who had remained
silent for thirty-two years was
told in the Washington Even-
ing Scar of April 18.
As a result of the information gained
through the feminine intuition and inter-
pretation of a shy little half-blood Indian
woman, Spo-pe, once a warrior of the Black-
foot tribe, but for years a prisoner among
the criminal insane at the hospital, has come
back from the tomb of self-imposed silence
in which he has dwelt for more than three
decades, and Commissioner Cato Sells of the
Bureau of Indian Affairs has taken active
steps to procure a pardon and freedom for
the brave who, for an act of pious atone-
ment, as he believed, has been lost to his
people.
For thirty-two years Spo-pe has been a
prisoner among the criminal insane at St.
Elizabeth. During that whole long span of
years no word had passed his lips until last
Sunday, when the crooning, coaxing sylla-
bles of this little woman, herself half a
Blackfoot, roused the dormant memories
and unlocked the gates of silence. Words
such as the squaws of her people use when
they tell the stories of the old days before
the coming of the paleface, the baby talk of
the wigwams, the folklore of a vanishing race,
the language of copper-colored mothers to
their dusky babies at twilight; these were
the utterances that revived in Spo-pe, the
man who was dead and who is alive, the
memories of the long ago and brought back
to him from its sepulchre the mind, the
the speech, that the silent years had almost
effaced.
It was through the members of a delega-
tion of Sioux Indians who recently visited
the hospital that this little woman, her hus-
band and others of a Blackfoot delegation
now in Washin^^ ton learned that a member
of their tribe, nameless and with his identity
sunk beneath the mantle of silence with
which he had enveloped himself, (vas an in-
mate of the institution. These Sioux, visit-
ing a member of their own tribe at St. Eliza-
beth, saw old Spo-pe and asked: "Who is that
Indian?"
When they questioned Spo-pe himself the
old warrior opened his lips in the first semi-
intelligible speech to which he had given ut-
terance, so far as his guards know, since he
was brought to the hospital. But long disuse
had robbed his tongue of its power to shape
words, and the questioners could only make
out the syllables "Ba-fo."
To the guards and attendents the sounds
meant nothing, save that the silent Indian
had at last tried to speak. But to the Indians
the syllables meant "Blackfoot," and they
carried word to the members of a party of
Blackfoot Indians now in Washington en-
deavoring to obtain payment for lands the
government took from the tribe years ago. In
the party are James Perrine, Charles W. Buck,
Mr. and Mrs. Malcolm Clark and others, and
to Mrs. Clark, half Blackfoot of blood, is due
the calling back of Spo-pe from the silence
of more than a quarter of a century.
When the members of the party learned
that one of their tribe was an inmate of the
hospital they immediately decided to learn,
if possible, who he was. None of them had
the slightest inkling as to the identity of the
brave; the name of Spo-pe is not even a
memory to any save a few. A. R. Serven
and A. C. J. Farrel, local attorneys acting for
the Blackfoot Indians in their claim against
the government, accompanied the delegation
which visited the hospital last Sunday to
investigate the story that had been brought
to them by the Sioux.
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Mav 2, 1914
241
At the institution first one, then another,
of the visitors spoke to the old Indian. In the
swinging, rolling, sonorous dialect of the tribe
they questioned hino, but his eyes merely
showed attention and his only replies were
broken syllables and parts of words. So long
had he maintained his stoic muteness that
even the memory of his own language had
vanished.
Then the visitors tried the sign language,
the common medium of communication be-
tween Indians of all tribes; but this, too, failed
to rouse the dormant faculties of expres-
sion, and the Indian merely shook his
head.
Then the shy little woman, pushing the
men aside, came forward. Dropping the
speech of the men, she began to speak in the
•'little people's talk" of the Blackfoot— the
simple little words that only thci mothers
know and speak to the children beside the
wigwam fire.
In the talk of the little people Mrs. Clark
told the old man her Indian name. She
told him of the villages; she spoke of the
rivers, and of the mountains. She spoke of
the buffalo, long vanished from the plains
the Blackfoot used to roam, and of the deer
and the bears in the hills. Then she asked
his own name, and unhesitatingly he spoke
it: "Spo-pe."
The little woman, her face close to that of
the aged warrior, continued asking, asking,
asking; question after question came from
her lips in the crooning accents of a mother
talking to her babe, and over and over she
repeated his name.
"Spo-pe," she crooned, "you are Spo-pe,
the warrior, the mighty hunter. You are
Spo-pe, the man who walked the mountains.
You are Spo-pe, the hunter who killed the
buffalo. Spo-po, what of the deer you hunted?
Spo-pe, remember the bears in the moun-
tains. Spo-pe, did you kill the bears?
From the sphynx-Iike brave came the
question, at this:
"Where is Three Bears?"
It was the first question he had asked in
all his long years at the hospital. At the
(Continaed
words a member of the party, started out of
his Indian stolidity, exclaimed:
"He died twenty-six years ago."
But the words meant nothing to Spo-pe.
The death sign he knew, however, and he
understood when his visitor counted twenty-
six snows. Thus he learned of the death of
his brother.
By this time Dr. Click and others of the
hospital staff were in eager attention. As
Dr. Click declared, they were witnesses of
the most wonderful scene a student of psy-
chology may hope to observe— the return of
a human mind, the rebirth of memory, re-
storation of the coordination of the faculties.
And as the man of science watched, always
the voice of the little woman crooned on,
sweet and soft as the notes of a meadow
lark, persuasive as the tender voice of a
mother, calling, calling to the mind of Spo-
pe to come back from the empty void, call-
ing to Spo-pe to return to the land of those
who live.
The talk of the little children at last awak-
ened the dormant faculties; the years of si-
lence rolled away, and before the party left
Spo-pe, no longer silent, was talking in full
flood, the barriers of forgetfulness broken
down by the crooning syllables of the little
half- breed woman. Then the Blackfeet
learned from his lips the story their fathers
and mothers used to tell — the story of Spo-
pe, the fearless, the tireless, the hunter and
warrior, the pious avenger.
* * *
It was tnirty-five years ago that Spo-pe
committed the deed which caused his sen-
tence, a deed of vengeance against the pale-
face soldiers who had wiped out a village
and killed his mother, but the victim was an
innocent fur trader. The soldiers came
again and took him and he was imprisoned
for life, taken first to Detroit. Believing his
silence an indication of insanity, Spo-pe was
removed to St. Elizabeth.
The Star continues:
Wednesday the Blackfeet, accompanied by
Robert J. Hamilton, another member of the
tribe, visited Spo-pe at the hospital for the
on page 239)
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242
Tht Native American
From Other SchooU
Lower Brule, South Dakota.
BruU Hustler.
Miss Pearl Bartholomeau, assistant matron
at Tomah, Wisconsin, has joined the Kustlers
and is to be our new laundress.
Mr. S. Olop, superintendent of construction,
left for Rosebud on the 8th. We look for his
return here soon.
Mrs. Harriet M. Humphreys left on the 5th
on sick leave for Omaha. She has not been
entirely well since the burning of the girls*
building.
Dr. Louis Polon, of New York City, has
been appointed physician here but has not yet
reported for duty. In the meantime Dr. AI-
cott of Reliance has been making regular
trips to the school and agency.
Miss Mary A. Smith resigned from the
positon of laundress here March 31st and has
gone to her home in Wisconsin to take care
of her aged mother.
Ganado, Arizona
By Si^ecial Correspondent.
Miss Sarah E. Cochrane chaperoned a party
of school girls to Gallup, New Mexico. The
party consisted of NazbahClitsoe, DadeCurley,
Zonnie Megalito, Zonnie Silvers and Yenebah
Morgan. They left Friday, April 10, and re-
turned Wednesday, April 15, visiting also the
Rehoboth Navaho Mission, near Gallup, and
had a pleasant visit.
Rev. C. N. Piatt is engaged in preparing to
erect the water plant for the dormitory and
hospital which when completed will save
much labor and be a great convenience as
well as providing safety in case of fire.
A. G. Watt, government well driller of Chin
L#ee, was a recent vistor at Ganado and while
here purchased an auto from Mr. Hubbell.
S. Denver, government farmer at the Corn-
fields, removed there with his family from
Fort Defiance Monday.
Guy Clarke was a visitor at Port Defiance
Monday and Tuesday.
Misses Ellen Jones and Sarah E. Cochrane
expect to spend a month's vacation in and
near L/Os Angeles, starting for that city about
May 5.
Pine Ridge, South Dakota
Oolata Light .
The work of completing the industrial build-
ing is rapidly progressing under Carpenters
Beaver and Phillips.
Supervisor William R. Rosenkrans suddenly
dropped in on us on the 26th of the month.
He has come to the. agency on special busi-
ness and wanted to know if we have done any-
thing at the school since he was here two
years ago. He was agreeably surprised to find
our plant added to and enlarged as it has been.
Miss Emily Guthrie was transferred from
the Rosebud Boarding school as teacher, and
she arrived here the first of the month and
wentfon duty in the primary room.
Friends of Dr. Simmons, who was one of the
reservation physicians here a couple of years
ago, will be sorry to hear of his death at his
home in Illinois.
Dr. Charles F. Ensign, who was physician
for Porcupine and Wounded Knee districts,
was recently transferred and promoted to
Lower Brule, South Dakota.
William Vlaundry, Jr., who a few years ago
was assistant engineer at the boarding school,
is now the engineer at Tongue River, Montana,
and is getting along fine.
Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Fuller from Fort Bidwell,
California, are now regular employees at No.
26 day school.
Allotting Agent C. H. Bates, after spending
the winter in Yankton, South Dakota, has re-
turned and expects to start the allotting crew
to work the first of April.
Work is being rapidly pushed on the employ-
ees' cottages. The heating plants for each
cottage recently arrived. As soon as the
weather permits the plastering will be done.
About one hundred of our Sioux "braves**
left during the month with three of the wild
west shows, the 101 Ranch, the Weideman
wild west show and the Sells-Floto show.
There are about 600 pupils enrolled in the
twenty-eight day schools on this reservation.
Twenty or more is the enrollment at the new
school No. 30, which opened February 1. Mr.
and Mrs. William E. G. Humphries from Okla-
homa have been assigned to this school.
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Eighth Grade
The eighth grade pupils are all busy think-
ing about our examinations that we are to
have. We will probably be all done by next
week, as we are going to have two this week,
arithmetic and spelling.
On Mondays, Wednesdays and Thursdays the
band is to have long practice. The boys are
enjoying the way they have arranged to
practice.
We are all anxiously waiting for the temper-
ance contest which is to be held commence-
ment week.
We are all studying hard on our lessons so
that we may get good grades when we have ex-
amination.
We are going to have an examination in his-
tory in Miss Garton's room.
We are studying about the history of Arizona
in Miss Phelps* room. It is very interesting
to us.
The senior class went to school all day last
week as they had to write their compositions
for commencement.
We senior twirls are now busy making our
graduating dresses and hope to get them made
soon.
We were sorry to hear that our team was de-
feated Saturday when they played with the
Phoenix team.
We seniors are going to write about Arizona.
Each of us will get one topic.
Vera J. Osif, a former pupil of this school,
was he»-e last Saturday visitini?" her sister and
friends. She said that she was getting along
very nicely at Mesa where she is working.
We are all looking foward for commencement
week and we hope to do some good work.
Fifth Grade A
We fifth grade A pupils are now studying
about the countries of Spain and Portugal.
We are glad to see our friend John Matthews
around the campus. He told me that he would
be at Sherman next year.
Morris Alexander, one of our blacksmith
boys, was sent to East Farm on acount of his
poor health last week.
Mr. Grinstead was drilling the rifle company
laat Monday evening. He says he is going to
drill them on Mondays, Tuesdays and Fridays.
Grant Zalawr, one of the tailors, is now
working on the new band uniforms and hopes
to get done before he goes out to work in
town.
The rifle company is now learning battle
formations.
We girls were very sorry to have Iva Baker
and Cuca Pallan go to the East Farm.
We sewing room girls are now beginning on
the company E girls* uniforms and we hope to
get them out before commencement.
We are glad that vacation is coming near.
We hope to do belter next year in our studies.
John Barnes is back in our class again after
a stay at the East Farm and we hope that he
will keep up with the class.
A letter was received from William E. Rivers,
a former pupil of this school, stating that he
is well and he also states that wheat and
barley are ready for cutting.
We fifth grade A pupils are studying about
Spain and Portugal. We learned that these
states were far behind the other states in
Europe on account of the people being non-
progessive.
The commencement exercises will be next
month on the fifteetith and both boys and girls
are looking forward to having a good time
and to welcoming our visitors.
Sixth Grade B.
John Heap of Birds has been on the sick list
this week.
The painters are busy painting in the wagon
shop.
Everybody is glad because commencement
is coming for it is the time the school enjoys.
Some of the classes are having examinations
this week. The sixth grade B will have an ex-
amination in spelling Thursday.
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The Native American
Frank Whitman expects to play ball with _
the Maroons this summer again.
Our base ball team was defeated Saturday
afternoon by the Phoenix Solons by ihe score
11 to 5.
William Pawnee is doing nicely in the school
band this year. The **happy bunch" wishes
him to be with them if they go to San Diego,
California.
The farm boys are busy mowing and haul-
ing hay and they will soon put up a good
stack for next fall. They hauled four loads
Monday.
Barring Rum Lessens Car Accidents
"Workmen frequenting drinking places com-
ing to or going from their work will be re-
placed by non-drinking men as rapidly as
possible."
*'That notice, posted in the American Car
and Foundry Company's plant at Berwick,
Pa., has resulted in a marked decrease in acci-
dents among the 5000 men employed there,"
reports the North American of Philadelphia.
**We did not until the last three months
recognize that the drinking habit was responsi-
ble for a lot of our accidents," said W. S.
Johnson, general superintendent. **We had
a general awakening in this town through the
efforts of the evangelist. Dr. Stough. Since
the beginning of his campaign against *booze'
the accidents in our plant have been reduced
over thirty per cent."
Knew the Place
There is an amusing story told by the bishop
of Yukon, who is now on a visit to this country.
He once made a long journey to visit a re-
mote tribe of Indians, hardly any of whom had
ever seen a white man before. One of the
members of the expedition took with him a
gramophone, thinking it would interest the In-
dians. It did! When it was set going they all
gathered around it in wonder. They were
rather frightened to go too near while it was
talking and singing, but when the record was
finished they crowded up to make a closer in-
spection.
Finally an old chief, getting down on his
knees and peering into the trumpet whence
the mysterious voice had come, muttered:
"Where him come from?"
"Far, far away," was the reply; from a place
called Chicago."
**Ugh!" grunted the chief. '^Canned white
man!" — Pearson's Weekly,
Why Raise Stoek
A prominent banker said that the country's
prosperity is measured by the amount of fine
stock on the farm. Bankers sometimes are
right.
The business farmer is studying stock rais-
ing for two reasons— and the first is direct
profits. The high price of meats has opened
a way for the farmer to market his surplus
grain and forage with less waste and more
profit. The country is crying for more beef.
A good dairy always has been profitable on
the farm. A cream or butter check is as
handy a» a monthly salary.
Hogs are the greatest machines ever invent-
ed for converting grain into gold— so it is said.
The American people are just learning to
eat mutton and the business farmer is getting
ready to feed it to them. When you consider
that a small flock of sheep will thrive on what
goes to waste on the average farm there is no
question about the limited production of mut-
ton being profitable.
Now for the other side.
The business farmer wants to maintain the
fertility of his land. He wants to do better
than that —he wants to increase it. He wants
to raise larger crops every year, then hand the
land down to his children in good condition. —
The Furrow.
OUR VISIT TO THE PRINT SHOP
DoitU Webber, Pima. 8th Grade
One Friday evening Miss BuUard and the
girls from the Industrial Cottage took a walk
and on coming back we prssed the print shop.
The girls said that one of them wanted to go
in the shop to work or maybe wanted to see
somebody. We all agreed so Miss Bullard asked
the boss if he would receive callers and he
said**sure,"so we went in, first feeling kind of
bashful.
The boys were busy so we went around look-
ing at their woik. We were also shown the
"type lice". After staying there a while we
noticed that our teacher was gone. I heard
the boys say something about pies and we knew
why she was gone. She and one of the boys
had gone for them. Besides the pies they
brought some cakes and buttered rolls, adding
to what lunch the printer boys had. After the
boys were through with the coffee the best lime
came for we were all eating with good appe-
tites. James Bent was the coffee-maker and
Charles L<aws the waiter.
We surely enjoyed the evening and we thank
the boys and Mr. Lrawrence for the good time.
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!>oooaoaooooooooooooooooooQoaooooc)ociocaoc>oc>oooooooooooooooooc»
HI
r
\
ft
=^
READ!
^CJ^THER the knowledge of thy
Vi^ lifers vocation
Wherever thou find'sta glean-
ing ne^er so poor:
Read thou! ^Thy lesson shall in
Erne's probation.
Ripen thy mind, which, fruiting,
shall secure
Thy place in honor, peaceful and
assured*
This day is thine, but night comes
quickly on:
Though pleasure must have way,
be not allured
From Wisdom's pages ere thy
day be done*
A. H. McQailkin. in the Inland Printer.
cjQQQCOOOOonnnnnnnnrinnrrn^^'^*'
>aoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooc>ood '
DESIGNED BY JOHNNIE BRQWN. PIMA, PRINTER-APPRENTICE.
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MiuTARY Drill, Bishop Indian School, Caufornia.
^
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•NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
DecoUd to Indian Education
Volume IS
Afay 9, /9/4
^timber 19
Commencement
8:00 p. m. Entertainment.
oUndfty 3:20 p. m. Baccalaureate ser
MAY 10 mon.
Tuesday
May /2
Wednesday 2:00 p. m. inspection of quar-
May 15 ters.
Thursday 2:00 to 4:00 p. m. Academic
May 14 3Lnd industrial demon
strations.
6:00 p. m. Military drill.
7:45 p. m. Reception and
band concert.
9:00 a. m. Field sports.
6:00 to 8:00 p. m. Academic
and industrial display in
schoolhouse.
Band concert.
8:15 p.m. Commence
ment exercises.
r^
Friday
May 15
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248
The Native American
Summer Institutes
Department of the Interior,
united states indian service,
In The Field
April 27. 1914.
To Supervisors, Superintendents and Instruc-
tors:
Definite arrangements have been made to
hold institutes for employees of all depart-
ments of Indian schools as indicated in the
following schedule:
Chilocco, Oklahoma, July 6 to July 18;
Flandreau, South Dakota, July 20 to August
1; Sherman Institute, California, July 20 to
August 1; Tomah, Wisconsin, August 3 to
August 15; Chemawa, Oregon, August 3 to
August 15; Santa Fe, New Mexico, August
17 to August 29.
The Santa Fe. New Mexico, institute is to
be held during the last two weeks of Au-
gust in connection with a four weeks* summer
school to be conducted by the New Mexico
Institute of Science and Education; hence the
change of date.
Courses of study are being prepared, in-
structors and lecturers are being carefully
selected and all local arrangements for the
accommodation of those who attend are
being planned so as to assure a successful
series of institutes. The charge for meals
and lodging will not exceed $1.00 per day
at any institute and at most places will not
be more than 75 cents per day. More com-
plete information with reference to courses
of instruction, lectures, conferences, etc.,
will be given in the final announcement,
which will be issued as soon as possible.
RespectfuUy,
H. B. PEAIRS,
Supervisor of Schools.
The rifle company had a sham battle
Monday evening under direction of Major
Grinstead and charged in turn the main
office and the bandstand. The boys halted
for nothing, but "fought" their way across
the campus like true heroes.
United States Civil Service Examination
Sawj^er and Marine Gasoline Engineer
{Male)
June 8, 1914.
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exami-
nation for sawyer and marine gasoline en-
gineer, for men only. From the register of
eligibles resulting from this examination
certification will be made to fill a vacancy
in this position at $900 per annum in the
Indian Service, Leech Lake agency, Minne-
sota, and vacancies as they may occur in
positions requiring similar qualifications,
unless it is found to be in the interest of the
serviice to fill any vacancy by reinstate-
ment, transfer or promotion.
Competitors will not be assembled for
examination, but will be rated on the follow-
ing subjects, which will have the relative
weights indicated: Physical ability, experi-
eoce as marine gasoline engineer and experi-
ence as sawmiller.
The appointee in this position will be re-
quired to operate a gasoline launch on Leech
Lake, Minnesota, and a sawmill cutting
about 150,000 feet of logs per annum. Ap-
plicants must have had experience both as
sawyer and as marine gasoline engineer.
Applicants for the Indian Service must
execute their applications in their own
handwriting and be able to speak the Eng-
lish language, and must be in good health.
They must attach to their applications state-
ments showing the number in their families
and the number that will require accom-
modations at the Indian school or agency in
case they receive appointment
Applicants must have reached their twen-
tieth but not their fiftieth birthday on the
date of the examination.
For further information, write Civil Serv-
ice Commission, Washington D. C.
Mrs. Gill entertained Miss Elva Blount of
Chicago and Mrs. Frank Blount of Phoenix
this week.
J. W. Moore entertained George Byers and
Miss Laura Williams of Phoenix, Sunday.
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Mas; 9, 1914
249
The Indians* Gifts
The Indian pupils at Hampton Institute
recently gave an outdoor pageant called
"Gifts to the Nation." and the following
paragraph is taken from the story told by
Arthur Harris, Mohave-Apache, who gradu-
ated from Phoenix in 1910:
"Once, only Indians lived in this land.
Then came strangers across the Great Water*
No land had they; we gave them of our land
No food had they; we gave them of our com.
The strani^ers are become many and they fill
all the country. They dig gold— from my
mountains; they build houses — of the trees
of my forest; they rear cities of my stones
and rocks; they make fine garments — from
the hides and wool of animals that eat my
grass. None of the things that make their
riches did they bring with them from beyond
the Great Water. All comes from my land
— the land the Great Mystery gave unto the
Indians!"
Tul)erculosis Figliters Discuss Metliods
Leaders in the antituberculosis campaign
from all parts of the United States assembled
at the opening session of the tenth annual
meeting of the National Association for the
Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis.
Among the significant subjects discussed
in the two days* session probably one of the
most important was a discussion before the
advisory council on the question of the
medical examination of employees at which
time papers were presented showing the
regular inspection of all employees in large
industrial corporations in Chicago and else-
where has helped to increase efSciency and
has proven "good business.*'
Important topics discussed before the
sociological section of the meeting included
"The Family and Tuberculosis,** taking up
questions of childhood infection, pre-natal
and early care of children, and those dealing
with the school child; the difficult problem
of what to do with cases discharged from
tuberculosis sanatoria, with reports of in-
vestigations which will be the basis for in-
teresting experiments to be tried in New
York and Philadelphia in the employment
of consumptives in the white goods trades;
and the relation of public health problems,
both state and municipal, to tuberculosis.
Among the most interesting papers before
the pathological section were several signi-
ficant reports dealing with the most recent
experiments in attempts to immunize cattle
against tuberculosis. The clinical section
of the association dicussed some of the
latest methods of the treatment of tuber-
culosis particularly the use of artificial
pneumothorax and other forms of pulmo-
nary surgery.
The president of the association is Dn
John H. Lowman of Cleveland. The chair-
men of the various sections are Dr. Theodore
B. Sachs of Chicago, advisory council; Dr»
Louis V. Hamman of BaUimore, clinical sec-
tion; Dr. Paul Lewis of Philadelphia, patho-
logical section and Dr. R. H. Bishop, Jr. of
Cleveland, sociological section.
To Do Missionary Worli
William Peters of Gila Crossing and Cal-
vin Emerson of Salt River were callers at the
school last week. Both were students at the
Cook Bible school last year, Mr. Peters being
a graduate of that school, and both will be
engaged in missionary work during the sum-
mer on the reservations.
Mr. and Mrs Clarence Mette called on Miss
Keck on Thursday. Mrs. Mette, formerly
Miss Mabel Hooper, has been a teacher in the
public schools of Tucson for two years, cur-
tailing this year*s work to be married on the
sixth of this month. After a trip to the
Grand Canyon and a summer in their old
homes at Calumet and Hancock, Michigan^
they will return to Arizona, making their
home at Globe.
Mr. and Mrs. Hoke Smith and daughter,^
Lolita, of Whiteriver, Arizona, arrived yester-
day and after a visit with Mrs. Smith's rela*
tives at Lehi will return to Phoenix for
commencement. They are both graduates
of Phoenix and Mrs. Smith's youngest sister^
Juana Valenzueala, is a member of thia
year's class.
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The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Clasti Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVES CENTS A YEAR
Items of Local and Personal Interest
Dr. Sims of Gila Crossing was a caller at
the school Saturday.
Mrs. Perkins was at Tempe with friends
over Sunday.
The Salvation Army conducted the after-
noon service at the school last Sunday.
Susie Thomas, one of the outing girls, is
at the school hospital for several weeks*
treatment.
Dr. Keck has completed his examination
of the vision of the school pupils. Forty
C£i8es were refracted.
Mr. Holzwarth was at the club building
one evening this week to register all those
who will be old enough to vote at the next
election.
Superintendent Coe of Salt River came in
Thursday morning and took home with him
Dr. Marden. Dr. Keck and Miss Bidwel! who
looked after some eye work at that agency.
A new piano recently arrived for use a
the East Farm sanatorium, and the girls who
are taking music lessons are much pleased
with the instrument.
X
Mrs. T. F. Percival and Miss Ruth Perciva
have gone to Prescott where they will spend
the summer. On account of Mrs. Percivals
health they left earlier this year than usual
and it is hoped that the higher altitude may
prove beneficial.
Mr. and Mrs Carl Jensen left Sunday morn-
ing for Chicago where they expect to locate.
Mr. Jensen has been chief engineer at the
school for several years. Besides his trade,
Mr. Jensen is a photographer and violinist
of no mean ability and will be missed at the
school.
Dr. Delcher of Sacaton brought a patient
to Phoenix on Friday, an Indian woman
who is to go to the state asylum. Dr. Del-
cher and Dr. Marden attended the hearing
before the superior court. Insanity is rare
among the Pima Indians. Two cases have
had to be sent to the asylum during the
present year, the first in several years.
X
The Tucson Indian Training school closed
Tuesday, May 5, for its summer vacation.
An additional appropriation of $5,000 has
been made by the Presbyterian Board of
Home Missions and this amount will be ex-
pended on the irrigating system, heatinf{
apparatus and bathrooms and making the
plant more sanitary in every way.
Mrs. Minnie M. Willis of Hoopa Valley
school, California, has been transferred to
the Carson school at Stewart, Nevada, as
matron.
X
Miss Rice gave a party on the school lawn
Wednesday evening for tie pupils of her
grade and a few friends on the campus. A
very pleasant time is reported.
Mrs. Minnie Estabrook of Hoopa Valley
arrived in Phoenix this week en route to Tuc-
son, where she will be outing matron for
the Papaiio girls. She spent several days
with Miss Chingren, the Phoenix outing
matron, gathering ideas as to the work which
she V ill undertake in her new home, and on
Tuesday the two ladies spent the afternoon
visiting this school.
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Mai; P. J9I4
251
Mr. Wiley's detail lias been working on
the swimming pool tliis week.
a:
Miss Keck lias a batch of seven kittens in
her domestic science classrooms.
a:
Mr. Grinstead made a trip to Wickenburg
on business early in the week.
X
Isaac James is now industrial teacher at
Tohatchi, New Mexico.
X
Mida Narsa Brown, one of the outing girls,
has gone to Flagstaff for the summer.
X
The printers have organized a baseball
team and are ready to play teams from any
other details on the grounds.
X
Mrs. Moon gave a party on the lawn Thurs-
day for her laundry workers and all present
enjoyed the evening greatly.
X
Miss Alma McAfee, a graduate of the
class of 1908 and sister of Johnson McAfee,
one of the school pupils, has been staying at
the hospital the past week for treatment.
The Sunday School classmates of Teddy
and Willie Goodman were entertained Wed-
nesday evening on the lawn adjoining the
superintendent's cottage and the young folks
spent a jolly time.
On Monday the industrial work will be
carried on as usual in all departments and
in the afternoon the academic department
will have a rehearsal of the demonstration
work to be given later in the week.
Baseball and tennis tournaments for
pupils are being arranged for Tuesday both
morning and afternoon. In the evening the
W. C. T. U. medal contest will take place in
the chapel.
Inspection of quarters is always an inter-
esting hour for the pupils, as this is the an-
nual period when "one-half the school sees
how the other half lives." Wednesday is
the day for *Visiting" this year.
Demonstration day is the day the school is
"at home" to the public and visitors may get
a better idea of the work of the school than
at any other time of the year. From 2 until
4 o'clock both academic and industrial depart-
ments will be open. The military drill at 6
o'clock, followed by band concert and senior
reception, makes Thursday a full day.
An interesting program of field sports has
been arranged for Friday morning at 9
o'clock. The crowning event of the week,
however, takes place at 8:15 in the evening
when the graduating exercises of the class
of 1914 will be held in front of the employees'
club. Fourteen pupils will receive their
diplomas.
The address to graduates will be delivered
by Col. George LeRoy Brown, U. S. A., of the
department of military science. University of
Arizona. Colonel Brown has been inti-
mately associated with Indian educational
work for many years.
Notes on the Coming Week
The first event of commencement week
at the Phoenix Indian school will be Sunday
afternoon at 3:20 o'clock when the bacca-
laureate sermon will be given by Rev. Henry
Martyn Campbell of the Presbyterian church.
The service will be held in front of the girls'
home and special music will be furnished
by the choir.
Commencement at Sacaton
Sacaton boarding school has been celebrat-
ing commencement this week and Phoenix
school was with our neighbor in spirit,
though unable to accomplish the interven-
ing forty-five miles of space in body.
The Farm Cottage girls visited the print-
ing office last Friday night
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The Native American
Senator Vest's Famous Tribute
One of the most eloquent tributes ever
paid to the dog was delivered by Senator
Vest of Missouri some years ago and al-
though it has been published in Our Dumb
Animals several times since we are reprint-
ing it once more in response to many re-
quests. The distinguished senator was at-
tending court in a country town and while
waiting for the trial of a case in which he
was interested was urged by the attorneys
in a dog case to help them. Voluminous
evidence was introduced to show that the
defendant had shot the dog in malice, while
other evidence went to show that the dog
had attacked defendant. Vest took no part
in the trial and was not disposed to speak.
The attorneys, however, urged him to speak.
Being thus urged he arose and said:
"Gentlemen of the jury: The best friend
a man has in the world may turn against
him and become his enemy. His son or
daughter that he has reared with loving care
may prove ungrateful. Those who are near-
est and dearest to us, those whom we trust
with our happiness and our good name, may
become traitors to their faith. The money
that a man has he may lose. It flies away
from him, perhaps when he needs it most
A man's reputation may be sacrificed in a
moment of ill-considered action. The people
who are prone to fall on their knees to do
us honor when success is with us, may be
the first to throw the stone of malice when
failure settles its cloud upon our heads.
The one absolutely unselfish friend a man
can have in this selfish world, the one that
never deserts him, the one that never proves
ungrateful or treacherous, is his dog. A
man's dog stands by him in prosperity and
in poverty, in health and in sickness. He
will sleep on the cold ground, when the
wintry winds blow and the snow drives
fiercely, if only he may be near his master's
side. He will kiss the hand that has no
food to ofTer; he will lick the wounds and
sores that come in encounter with the rough-
ness of the world. He guards the sleep of
his pauper master as if he were a prince
When all other friends desert, he remains.
When riches take wings and reputation falls
to pieces he is as constant in his love
as the sun in its journeys through the
heavens. If fortune drives the master forth
an outcast in the world, friendless and home-
less, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege
than that of accompanying him, to guard
against danger, to fight against his enemies,
and when the last scene of all comes, and
death takes the master in its embrace, and
his body is laid away in the cold ground, no
matter other friends pursue their way.
there by the graveside will the noble dog be
found, his head between his paws, his eyes
sad, but open in alert watchfulness, faithful
and true even to death."
Then Vest sat down. He had spoken in
a low voice, without a gesture. He made no
reference to the evidence or the merits of
the case. When he finished judge and jury
were wiping their eyes. The jury filed out,
but soon returned with a verdict of $500 for
the plaintifT, whose dog was shot; and it was
said that one of the jurors wanted to hang
the defendant. — Our Dumb Animals
Birthday Party
Lucinda Ike, one of the hospital girls, gave
a party Tuesday evening at the Farm Cottage
in honor of her twenty-first buthday. A large
cake made by the hostess with one lone
candle rising from the figures 20 frosted on
the cake adorned the center of the table. A
very enjoyable evening was spent in which
the following participated: Dinah McLean,
Cecelia Puella, Lucy Medicinegrass, Jeao
Seyounema, Thomas James, Charles Cedar-
tree, Fred Quail, Eschief Clark and Benedict
Toahty.
The painters have been painting the lava-
tories in the manual training building this
week.
Work has been started on taking down
the wooden water tank at the power house
as the new steel tank is now being used.
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Mav 9, 1914
253
Prom Other SchooU
Bishop, California
By Special Vorretpandent.
The Indian school gave an entertainment at
the Bishop opera house the evening of March
20 for the benefit of the school band. The
receipts were $290. A year ago the school
gave a similar entertainment from which was
realized $251.
Forty-two pupils of the school had part in
the following program:
Officer of the Day March Indian school band
Overture Orchestra
Moving Pictures
Explanatory Supt. Ross L. Spalsbury
Address Prof. T. C. Knoles
Music Orchestra
dean of the department of history of Southern
California university. He spoke of the value
of the Indians from an economic standpoint
and the part that each element of society
plays in shaping the whole regardless of how
much or how little direct contact there may
be between diverse elements. It was a strong
plea to the white people of the community to
assist iu every way in the education of the In-
dian if for no better reason than self-interest.
All the local papers commented at some
length on the entertainment. The Owens
Valley Herald said:
Bishop was captured by the Indians on Fri-
day evening, March 20. The battle was not
Indian Club Drill, Bishop Indian School, Caufornia
Grand march and Indian dab drill
Music Orchestra
The Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe
Introducing children's games
Music
MiUtary drill
Vocal dnet
Two-part song
Orchestra
16 boys and 16 girls
Kate and Lena Turner
Old Indians and children
Indian school band
Moving pictures
Orchestra
Dance of maidens
Perhaps the most valuable feature of the
program, the one that will result in more last-
ing good to the Indians of this valley than any
other, was the address of Dr. T. C. Knoles,
Music
Music
accompanied by the war songs of the past but
was won by the arts of peace, as exemplified
by Principal George Simeral of the Bishop
Indian schooL Under that gentleman's di-
rection the pupils of the school put on an
entertainment at the Bishop opera house
which was pleasing in every way and which
won for both the principal and pupils much
praise.
Perhaps the most interesting features of
the program were the military drills and
marches in which thirty-two young boys and
girls took part. Their work showed the result
of careful training and discipline. George
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254
The Native American
Collins, a young Indian who received his edu-
cation at Carlisle university, trained the chil-
dren. The "Dance of the Maidens,** performed
by eight young women, was well done and
called for an encore. The music for this
dance was procured especially for the occa-
sion. An amusing number was the **01d
Woman Who Lived in the Shoe.'* This num-
ber introduced a number of children's games
and demonstrated that the Indian child, con-
trary to the usual belief, has a very strong
sense of humor. The Indian school band, for
whose benefit the entertainment was given,
played a number of pieces and played them
well, in time and harmony. There was a duet
by two dusky maidens, Kate and Lena Turner.
One of the most interesting parts of the
program was the exhibition of Indian club
swinging by both boys and girls.
The costumes worn by the girls were made
by them and were excellent specimens of
needlework. .
Supt. Ross L/. Spalsbury, before the opening
of the entertainment, explained the work of
the Government in educating and caring for
the Indians and thanked the people of Bishop
for their support. Prof. T. C. Knoles de-
livered an address in which he pointed out
the duty of the white people toward the In-
dian in the matter of education and religious
training. The entertainment wab largely
attended, the receipts being nearly $300. A
portion of this was used in furnishing wear-
ing apparel for those taking part and there
will be about $200 left for the band when all
expenses have been paid.
Pueblo Bonita School, Crownpolnt,
New Mexico
By Special CorretponcUnt.
Contractor C. E. Via has already drilled
425 feet in the test for artesian water at the
school.
Mr. and Mrs. Martin Rolette recently ar-
rived. Mr. Rolette is the new assistant clerk
transferred from the Kiowa agency, Oklahoma.
Samuel J. McLean has re-entered the service
here in the new position of blacksmith.
Charley McGinn has taken up the duties of
temporary farmer. Preparation for farming
is now going on at the artesian well. The
analysis of the water shows that it contains
no ingredient detrimental to plant life.
Ben B. Harvey, Indian trader at Cornfield,
Arizona, came in for a short visit with his
many friends. Mrs. Harvey is here for a two
weeks' visit with Mrs. Stacher.
A district school has been established at
Crown point and school began April 1 with
Dorthy Schellhase of Springer, New Mexico*
as teacher.
T. W. Hall, contractor for the construction of
the three dormitories, has the excavation done
on the first building and is ready to begin the
foundation.
The Indians have made a good start on the
stone laundry and the stone for the barn is
now being dressed.
The band is practicing faithfully. It should
be in fine trim for the Fourth of July.
A baseball game was called on Saturday at
2:30 p. m. between two picked teams. Would
give the score but lack of space forbids. Pic-
tures and special music was the featureonthat
evening after which a pie social was given by
the ladies of Crownpoint for the benefit of the
baseball team. The sum of $34 was realized.
Rev. Mr. Muyskens has received a call else-
where but all hope that he will not sever his
connection with the mission work here.
J. C. Clark of Santa Fe, representing the
Pacific Mutual Life Insurance company, visited
here recently in the interest of his company.
The health of the school is good except for
an epidemic of sore throat.
Roland Curry, one of the stockmen of this
agency, expects to leave and says that he is
going to Mexico.
Shuster and Boyd, new traders, are now doing
business. They will be connected with the
agency by telephone which they are now in-
stalling.
More sidewalk will soon be built.
Mrs. A. Arnold is still confined to the hospi-
tal in Albuquerque but is some improved.
PorterviUe Day School, White Earth,
Minnesota
By Sv€cial Correspondent.
Our first batch of chickens, 175 in number,
are now two weeks old and doing fine. Accord-
ing to custom, the pupils set the small incu*
bator, each child furnishing one dozen eggs.
Last year some of the little ones insisted on
sleeping with the chicks.
Nature study is dealing with **Germination'*
these days; plenty of material in the seed
boxes.
A most interesting meeting of the educators
of White Earth reservation convened for a two
day sej*sion,' April 17. It was a get-together-
and-get-acquainted-sort of afiPair in which
members of the reservation joined in with the
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Map 9. 1914
255
topics concerning" education which are of inter-
est lo all parties. It was so successful that
another will be called in the near future.
We were inclined to mount the topmost rail
of the garden fence and crow when we were
informed that the entire eighth grade had
passed the state examination. All are now
eligible for any high school in the state.
Like all other communities the lawless ele-
ment of this township comprises only about
5 percent of the population; the big majority,
growing weary of the disorders growing out of
liberal interpretation of the liquor decisions,
have concluded to handle the situation them-
selves. Scott J. Porter, Indian police, was
elected constable. The teacher of this school
was selected as justice of the peace. No one
has been prosecuted but our resident boot-
legger has ceased to operate in this vicinity.
Coachella, California
Coachella ValUy Ne^cs.
A large addition to the irrigation systems on
the Coachella Valley Indian reservations is
scheduled for the near future. Thiry-five thou-
sand dollars may be expended in new wells and
pumping facilities. The government officials
show great faith in the future of this valley
and believe it a favorable location for develop-
ment work for the benefit of the Indians.
C. A. Pedersen has been stationed in the
valley with headquarters at Martinez as agency
farmer in general charge of the valley reser-
vations under the supervision of Superintend-
ent Coggeshall of Banning.
With the cooperation of Professor Swingle,
of the bureau of plant industry, several hun-
dred offshoots have been secured for planting
at the reservation nursery at Martinez, which
will later be issued to the Indians. They will
never be allowed to sell the offshoots but may
sell their fruit.
A thorough experiment will be made with
Egyptian cotton on the agency farm this year.
The Indians will pick the cotton there and
watch its culture close at hand. They will also
be extensively employed in cotton culture on
the ranches of the valley and next year prob-
ably will take up its culture for themselves on
a large scale.
Mr. Pedersen will encourage fruit culture
among the Indians, including apricots, almonds,
grapefruit and other small fruits that are
adaptable to this locality.
A radical change has been made in the policy
of the Indian Service officials in regard to dis-
tributing gratuitously among Indians. Here-
after horses and trees furnished will be under
agreements for annual payments without in-
terest. The younger generation of Indians
are more capable of self-support and more
business-like. To encourage this spirit of
self-dependence the officials have discontinued
in a large measure the granting of free aid to
those Indians able to reimburse the govern-
ment for what they have received.
Mr. Pedersen is instructed to encourage es-
pecially the culture of dates and cotton. Large
numbers of oflFshoots will be set out this year
in the government nursery at Martinez. Mr.
Pedersen has had many years of experience
and will be a competent expert to be in charge
of the Indian farms. Professor Drummond, the
arboriculturist of the bureau of plant industry,
stationed in the valley, is rendering every as-
sistance to the development of the reservation.
His advice and suggestions are fbund to be
very valuable.
The last season the Indian Service has issued
to the Indians at Banning 12,000 fruit trees, all
under contract for yearly payment to reimburse
the government. These funds will be turned
over and over year by year. The officials will
do the same here as soon as sufficient water is
developed and the Indians manifest sufficient
interest to grasp their opportunities.
Alcoliol and Society
If the use of alcohol were a personal matter
and its effects beginning and ending with the
individual the plea of personal liberty might
be effective in letting each man decide on his
relation to it. But the sale of alcohol has its
public relations. If the operations of an inebri-
ate or even those of a moderate drinker are so
conducted as to endanger others the whole
matter becomes a concern of the public.
A drunken man is everwhere a social nui-
sance. Under most circumstances he is a
source of bodily danger to his family and to the
public at large. In all lands drinking places
are sources of danger. They lead children to
drink, they make drunkards, they are the po-
tent direct cause of the spread of poverty,
crime, disease, f eeble-mindedness and insanity.
This is true of such places the world over
— the wine rooms of Italy, Spain and France
as well as the vodka shops of Russia, the rum-
holes of London or the dives of New York.
Thus far nobody has designed a permanently
respectable method of selling liquor as a beve-
rage.— From address of David Starr Jordan,
president Leland Stanford University, before
N. E. A.
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256
The Native American
Seventh Grade A.
The farm boys are very busy this week put-
ing up hay.
A new big diningrooni has been erected at
the £<ast Farm sanatorium and will be completed
soon.
The rifle companies are now drilling on bat-
tle formations and are having sham batlle£ and
on commencement week we are going to
shoot some blank ca'-tridges.
Next week is commemcement which we all
look forward to for vacation and sports.
Sunday afternoon the Salvation Army con-
ducted the services. We are always glad to
have them come.
Seventh Grade B
We are still busy with our examinations.
We hope all the seventh grade B pupils will be
promoted to the junior class so we will hear
many good speeches in the declamation con-
test next year.
Two teams of baseball players made up of
girls will probably play on the athletic field
sports day, next Friday. Be on the watch
out.
I believe Annie Eschief will win the prize
in the temperance contest next week. She
says her piece just fine when practicing.
We are all hard at work with our examina-
tions in different rooms.
The friends of Minnie Patton arc glad to
know she is coming home this summer.
The commencement exercises will be held
next week.
We seventh B pupils had our examination
on history this morning in Miss Garton*s room.
The rifle company is getting in good shape
for the battle exercises next week.
The farm cottage and hospital girls visited
the print shop last Friday evening where Mrs.
Chiles was shown the **type lice." She was
very much interested in them and says they
were worth seeing.
The new steel tank is ready for use now. It
will hold more watet than the old one did.
The details have changed and the boys on
the schoolhouse detail are glad to be back at
their work again.
We seventh grade B pupils are coloring
maps which are to be sent to the Department
at Washington, D. C.
Everybody looks forward for commencement
next week. We are all expecting to meet our
friends again.
We enjoyed the talks given by Mr. Logie
and Mr. Broadhead at the Y. M. C. A. meet-
ing about the missionary work among the In-
dians in Arizona.
Fifth Grade B
Last evening Miss Mayham took part of the
girls for a walk. We went down Central street
and passed the Osborn school and walked up
the car track back to the Indian school. We
girls thank her very much for her kindness.
I am very glad that vacation is coming soon
but I am not going home. 1*11 stay and work in
town although my enrollment is out.
A letter was received from Miss Brownlee
at Parker stating that she is going to take the
largest girls to San Diego for the summer.
A letter was received from one of the Walla-
pai boys stating that some of the Truxton
Canyon Indian school boys are going to Rocky
Ford, Colorado, this summer during their va-
cation. I hope they'll have a good time.
Some time ago I received a letter from one
of our schoolmates at Truxton Canyon saying
that the boys at that school are going to play
ball against the high school down at Kingman.
Company A of the first battalion is now drill-
ing three times a week.
We were sorry to see Mr. Jensen and his
family leave on Sunday morning.
John McNary is now working at the wagon
shop again. He says that he likes it better
there than at the disciplinarian's office.
We farm boys are glad to have Charles
McNary on the farm.
Philip Knas said he is going to put a good
stack behind the barn.
Miss Mayham says that she wants two base-
ball teams picked out from the girls to play on
commencement week.
After commencement we have only four
weeks of school and then vacation comes.
We all hope to have a good time.
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GRADUATING CLASS
Anton, Lukb (Pima)
Antonb, Dora {Pima)
Bbardsi«by, Amy {Pueblo)
BuRKB, Joseph {Pima)
Burke, Robert {Pima)
Chbmavei«a, Pearl {Maricopa)
Hughes, Martha {Pima)
Johnson, Ei«iza, {Pima)
Mc Arthur, NBi*i.tE {Pima)
Medicinegrass, Lucy {Arapaho)
Shunk, Helen {Sioux)
Slow, Bessie {Pueblo)
Valenzuella, Juan a {Pima)
Webber, Dottie {Pima)
Class Colors,
Pink and Green.
Class Motto,
Put the Creed into the Deed.
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Governor G. W. P. Hunt.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFBT'
llllli
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Dtvoted to Indian BduccUion
Volume tS
Ma,y t6, 19 14
9^mber 20
Salutatory*
By Robert Burke, Pima, Eighth Grade.
0 the many friends and visitors who are gathered here for the pleasure of
witnessing this occasion, we extend a hearty welcome. To the superintend-
ent and the employees who have been so long diligently striving to bring
us up to this standard, we express our thanks. To the fellow students
who are so patiently working their way up and to my dear classmates who
have striven so earnestly to be among those who have taken the upward
step in the advancement and development of our race, I extend my greetings.
Club Building, in Front of WracH Commencement Exercises were Held.
Tonight we have come together to celebrate our past achievements and to contemplate
the possibilities of the future.
We assemble before you as a class for our last public exercises in this school. We
assemble as examples and products of this school and we feel that we have given our best
efforts to accomplish the things that this school requires of us.
To this school we owe a great debt which we can never pay, except in one way, and
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260 The Native American
that is to be and to do for our race and country as the school has done for us. It has taught us to
be true and loyal to all things. It has laid the foundation for good citizenship. It has
held up to us the idea embodied in our motto, and we have learned that it is wise always
to put the creed into the deed, as action is better than words in all walks of life. This
school stands for advancement, progress of our race. Its teachings have become guiding
principles in our lives.
Dear classmates, with the guidance and teachings we have received here, we are
about to assume the duties and responsibilities of life. We are soon to take our place on
the great battlefield of life with few to encourage us and many to discourage us. But do
not be discouraged because of the few, for there is One who will respond to our calls in
time of need.
Do not despise the little things, and the humble beginnings, for these are the foundations
of excellence and success. We shall be regarded by what we represent and will be meas-
ured by what we do, so let us daily strive to realize the teachings we have received here.
Through the influences of this school may we have the intelligence, courage and strength
of character to perform our duties well. If we do this, then we have performed the highest
service to our people and to our country.
And to you who come after us in school, you are to be congratulated for having accepted
the privileges you are receiving here. While you are making use of your rare opportunities,
we have for you this kindly advice. Be true to your school and to your better selves, stick
to your studies and your duties in school, or the time will come when you will regret that
you have not done so. Make the best of your chances. And when you come to the place
where the class of the Pink and Green is tonight, you will be proud of what you have
accomplished, proud to stand and face the world. And by your attainments, may you be
able to withstand the hardships and obstacles of life.
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Mag 16 1914 261
The Casa Grande Ruin
By Eliza Johnson, Pima^ Eighth Grade.
The Casa Grande ruin is situated near the left bank of the Gila river about twelve
miles from the present town of Florence, Arizona.
This ruin is known by the Spanish name Casa Grande and in the English language
it would mean the "Great House." This name Casa Grande was given by Father Kino who
discovered it in the year 1694. Before the ruin was named Casa Grande it was called
Casa Montezuma or the House of Montezuma, but in later years this name has passed out
of use and it is now known among both Americans and Mexicans as Casa Grande, the
name given by Father Kino.
The Pima Indians who dwell in the neighborhood claim Casa Grande as the dwelling
of one of their ancient chiefs and designated it by several names, as Vaakior or Old House,
Civanavaaki or Old House of the Chief. Some think that this ruin is older than the pres-
Casa Grande Ruin.
ent pueblos or the clifT dwellings, but the Pima Indians claim that it is not so old as ruins
of the same character which are situated near Phoenix on Salt river.
Some of the Pima had a superstitious fear about Casa Grande so that no one dares to
sleep or camp near this place especially at night. It is believed by some of the Indians
that at times flames are seen and even women are seen passing by. Of course this is only
their imagination.
The Casa Grande ruin is situated between two stations, the nearest being the town of
Florence which is about twelve miles, and the other being the Casa Grande station on the
Southern Pacific railroad about eighteen miles distant. But of course from both of these
stations it can be reached by carriages or autos.
If one wishes to visit this ruin and wishes to return the same day he can easily make
it There are hotels and livery stables in both towns but the visitor will have to provide
his own food while at the ruin. There is plenty of good water.
After leaving Florence the road to Casa Grande follows the left bank of the Gila west-
ward, crossing a level stretch of land skirting for a few miles the base of a low gravelly
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282 TTie Native American
mesa. The first little group of Indian huts that is seen on the left side of the road are houaes
built in the old style and inhabited by Papago Indians. The road farther westward finally
passes through a cluster of houses known as Adamsville, formerly called Sanford's Mill
an old Mexican settlement. This settlement consists of a double row of roofless houses built
of adobe.
Although Adamsville is one of the dead towns of Arizona, there is still a Mexican
family living in a fairly well preserved room on the west end of the village. This settle-
ment was once an important station on the stage coach route between Tucson and Phoenix.
It was also a flourishing town.
Leaving Adamsville we travel for about two or three miles and finally get to the ruin.
For quite a distance one can see the red roof of the Casa Grande ruins which was put up
by the government as a means of protection. The work of excavating the ruins was done
mainly by the Pima Indians living on the adjacent reservation. The work extended from
1906 to 1908w While doing this work it not only gave them employment but also increased
their self-respect by stimulating a lasting interest in their land and history. The question,
**Who built Casa Grande?** has often been asked, and the answer generally comes from the
Pima Indians dwelling in the neighborhood: 'The Hohakam,** or ancients.
The house forms a rectangle facing the four cardinal points and round about it there
are ruins indicating a fence or wall which surrounded the house and other buildings. This
extends north and south 420 feet and east and west 260 feet. The walls surrounding the
"Great House** and other nearby clusters are called compounds.
The visitor will be much interested in seeing the "Great House** and its surrounding
wall, the nearby clusters of other buildings, the clan houses, the ancient canals and many
other things which the ancients used.
Through these compounds there are doorways and the visitor can go both in and out
just as the ancients used to do.
Mr. Pinckley, the present custodian of Casa Grande, has made a valuable collection,
now installed at the ruin, which can be inspected by visitors.
I am sure the visitor will have learned something worth remembering after leaving the
Casa Grande ruin.
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Mav 16, 1914 263
Bread Making
By Martha Hughes, Pima, Eighth Grade,
Bread is a most important article of food. It was used as one of the earliest foods of
naan long before history was written. There have been found stones for grinding meal;
not only stones but even bread itself was found formed in round cakes. Wheat was ground
between two stones, then mixed with water into dough and baked. Wheat and bread
have been found in the prehistoric dwellings of man in different parts of the world. In an-
cient Rome there were many bakeries and not only the baking of bread was done there, but
grain was also pounded and sifted ready for use. One of the oldest bakeries standing today
is in the city of Vienna, and it is said that not a day has passed since 1585 that bread has
not been baked in the house.
Domestic Science Girls "At Home."
There are many different kinds of bread baked in different parts of the world. Each
nation has its own peculiar kind of bread. The flat brot used in Norway, the cassava
bread of the West Indies, the tortillas of Mexico, the hard rye cakes of Sweden which are
baked twice a year, the black bread of Germany and the oat cakes of Scotland are
familiar examples.
Every gu-1 should learn to make good bread. Good bread should be nutritious, pal-
atable and digestible. It should be light and porous. Flour and liquid are the necessary
ingredients of bread, but most people use salt for flavoring and yeast for lightening. The
best bread is made from hard wheat flour. The next best is made from rye. Wheat prop-
erly chewed becomes a gummy mass showing the presence of gluten. Wheat contains
from 12 to 14 per cent of gluten, and this is an important aid in making the bread light
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264 The Native American
Flour that is rich io gluten makes the best bread. Bread was first made without leaven,
heavy and soUd. Later yeast was discovered. Yeast is a hving plant.
When mixed with the dough to a proper stiffness and kept at the right temperature
its growth causes a fermentation and the gas produced lightens the bread. Yeast bread
finally came into use throughout the civilized world. Then baking powder was invented
which is used for making biscuits with sweet milk or water. If sour milk is used soda
must be the lightening agent. There are three forms of yeast used in the household — liquid,
compressed and dry. Dry yeast is used in the long process of bread making, and com-
pressed or liquid yeast in the short process. Liquid yeast is made in the home with water,
potato, sugar and^east to start the fermenting process. Compressed yeast is a product
of the distillery. The top of the fermenting liquor is skimmed off, washed, strained and
mixed with a small amount of starch. Then it is pressed into large cakes for the bakery
Bakery, Phoenix Indian School.
and small square cakes for home use. Cornmeal added to the fermenting liquid till stiff
and then dried gives dry yeast.
In the long process of bread making a small amount of the yeast is added and the
bread is allowed to rise over night usually and the rest of it is finished in the morning.
Some think the long fermenting develops a better flavor. In the short process the bread
is set in the morning and baked in six or eight hours.
All materials and utensils should be on the table ready for use. The flour should be
sifted and measured, the milk measured and put to scald, and a cake of yeast broken and
covered with lukewarm water. We use one quart of milk, three quarts of flour, one table-
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Mag 16, 1914 265
spoon of butter, one tablespoon of sugar, one teaspoon of salt and one cake of yeast The
milk is now scalded and the butter, sugar and salt added. Cool to blood heat. Then add
the dissolved yeast and stir and beat in one-half the flour. Set in a warm place till well
raised but be careful not to over-heat. Then add the rest of the flour. Clean down the
bowl turn the dough on the board and knead it until smooth. Put it in the greased bowl
and set in a warm place to rise again. After it has doubled its size turn it out on the board
and knead it again until the holes in the dough become small. Divide it into loaves, shape
DiNiNGROOM, Phoenix Indian School.
and put in greased bre&d pans and set in a warm place to rise agam When doubled n
size once more bake in a hot oven about one hour. The oven should be hot — and not too
hot, for if it is it browns the crust too soon and prevents further rising or causes a heavy
streak. To tell when bread is baked press on the side: if it springs back it is done. When
the loaves are taken from the oven turn them on a rack to cool. Bread should be kept in a
tin can or stone jar and never wrapped in a cloth. Bread is a most important part of our
diet and we should be willing to give it the most careful and thoughtful attention.
^^^
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m
The Native American
The Native Amekican
CBtoMd at Phoenix. Arizona, m Second CIam MaU Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student'Apprendces at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE OB3NTS A YEAR
The pupils enjoyed a general social on the
lawn Wednesday evening.
Dr. and Mrs. Sims and children of Gila
Crossing came in Friday and were present at
the commencement exercises.
Mrs. Lillian E. Johnson, teacher of the
Gila Crossing day school, was a caller on
the campus this morning.
Mr. and Mrs. J. 0. Bamd of Maricopa day
school came in Thursday in time to enjoy
the academic and industrial demonstrations.
Superintendent Goodman returned home
Tuesday evening from a trip including Okla-
homa and New Mexico points.
X
William Whitman and Peter Porter, two
of our former graduates, came over from
Sacaton early in the week to enjoy our com-
mencement events.
X
Supt C. E. Coe and family, Mr. and Mrs
Underman and Miss Gabeys of Salt River
were present at the military drill and senior
reception Thursday evening.
X
We were glad to welcome so many of our
former graduates and pupils during the week.
It is indeed gratifying to have these bright,
progressive looking young men and women
return for a visit to the scenes of their school
days and mingle with the boys and girls who
are preparing for a similar future.
Among the members of the govemor*s
party on Thursday afternoon and Friday
evening were Adjutant General Charles W.
Harris and Capt. A. C. Taylor.
X
Miss Ernestine Venne arrived Sunday
morning from Palo Alto, California, and will
remain for a month or two the guest of her
brother, P. A. Venne. and wife. Miss Venne
is a Carlisle graduate.
X
Col. George LeRoy Brown. U. S. A. retired,
arrived Wednesday evening from Tucson,
where he is instructor in military science at
the university, and was a guest at the school
for two days prior to delivering the addrers
to the graduating class on Friday evening.
X
The outing girls and boys of Phoenix,
chaperoned by their matron. Miss Chingren.
gave their annual picnic last Saturday after-
noon at Eastlake Park. There were more than
seventy present and a splendid time is re-
ported. Games and contests afforded much
amusement and a bountiful supper was
spread.
X
Rev. H. M. Campbell of the First Presby-
terian church of Phoenix delivered the
sermon to graduates last SundaV afternoon.
His remarks were appropriate to the occasion
and his advice helpful to the clade of young
people soon to take up the responsibilities
of life. Special music was furnished by the
choir and school.
X
Carl Lowe who has been critically sick for
thirteen weeks is no better, and it is feared
the outlook for his improvement is very
poor. He has had, to care for him, one
nurse during the day and another nurse at
night right along. CarFs many friends among
the teachers and pupils have kept his sick-
room bright with flowers, and he is re-
membered daily by some token of regard
and friendship. Carl Lowe is one of the most
highly respected young men at this school
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Map 16. J914
2ffl
W. C T. U. Medal Contest
The oratorical medal contest under the
ausiHces of the W. C. T. U. which was held
at the Phoenix Indian school Tuesday night
was a very successful and interesting event.
The interest shown by the audience was an
evidence of a strong appreciation of the ora-
tions of the Indian students.
There were six contestants, three boys
and three girls. The medal was won by
Johnson McAfee and the second prize, a
dainty enamelled Y. P. B. pin, by Annie Eas-
chiet both members of the Pima tribe.
One of the enjoyable features of the even-
ing was the music under the direction of
Mr. Stacy. A beautifully rendered violin
solo by William T. Moore and a song by the
school choir boys were much appreciated.
Several temperance songs were sung by the
school.
A strong interest ia temperance has been
shown at the school during the year, over one
hundred of the students having signed the
pledge.
Hon. Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, has sent word down the line that
stress must be laid on the subject of temper-
ance throughout the entire Indian Service.
As Mr. Sells is at present in the west we
wish he might have been in Phoenix last
night.
Mrs. F. B. Stevens, superintendent of the
young people's temperance work, made an
excellent address at the beginning of the
exercises and Rev. J. Harvey Deere, D. D.,
on behalf of the judges, Mrs. LaCbance and
Mr. Langston, in a graceful speech, presented
the (Nizes. — Arizona Republican.
Following is the program given Tuesday
evening:
Song, The Fight U On Chorus
Invocation, Rev. George hogie
Address, Mrs. Stevens
A Plea for the Children Annie Kaschief
Prohibition and Personal Liberty
Harold Kee Thompson
Song, The Battle Hymn of Temperance,
School
How the Gospel Came to Jim Oaks, Bmma Clark
The Greatest Evil Antonio Martines
Song, You are Drifting Choir Boys
Lrittle Saint Martha Annie T. Moore
The Saloon Must Be Destroyed
Johnson McAfee
Violin solo. Melody in F, William T. Moore
Deci:iion of judges and presentation of medal.
America School
Judges
Rev. J. Harvey Deere, D.D. Mrs. I LaChance
Judge J. H. Langston
All of the boys and girls did exceedingly
well and it was no easy task for the judges
to select the best two speakers. They were
drilled by different teachers at the Indian
school and Mrs. Brodhead, who arranged
the contest, and were certainly a credit to
themselves and the ones who so patiently
and carefully worked with them.
Senior Reception
One of the pleasant events of the week
was the reception on Thursday evening given
by the employees in honor of the senior
class. The sittingroom at the girls* home
was prettily lighted and decorated and a
punch table presided over by Misses Hendrix,
Garton and Phelps made the alcove an
attractive nook. The orchestra furnished
several favorite numbers and the vocal duet
by Miss Mayham and Mrs C. M. Gandy with
piano duet accompaniment by Mrs. J. Allen
Ray and Miss White was very pretty.
Besides the seniors and employees and
their families there were present the juniors
and the commencement visitors. The re-
ception committee was composed of Super-
intendent and Mrs. Goodman, Dr. and Mrs.
Breid, and Mr. and Mrs. Scott, Mr. and Mrs.
Grinstead, Mrs. Owsley and Miss Gaither.
Hospital Notes
Alma McAfee, a graduate of this school
in the clase of 1906, and Jennie Roberts, a
former student here, are at the hospital for
general treatment
Dr. and Mrs. Marden entertained Dr. Sims
and family at dinner Friday evening.
Rev. Mr. Brodhead and Rev. Mr. Logie
were callers at the hospital this week.
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268 The Native American
Care of the Sick
By Lucy Medicinegrass, Arapaho, Eighth Grade.
Nursing, so far as the science of it is concerned, is a combination of many other sciences.
In one form or another nursing is as old as the human family. Since the very dawn of
creation there have always been ills in human life to be ministered to.
The nurse needs to have an elementary knowledge of anatomy and physiology if she is
to intelligently care for the human body. She must have some knowledge of the properties
and action of the common drugs since she is constantly handling them. She must under-
stand dietetics and cookery to a certain extent and needs a general understanding of house-
hold sanitation and improved methods of practical service.
Exterior of Hospital, Phoenix Indian School.
"In time of peace prepare for war," is a good rule, so in time of health prepare for sick-
ness. Even if serious illness does not come, a wise home nurse will always be caring for
health and will find that certain appUances are very useful such as fountain syringe, bed
pan, rubber sheet, boxes of bandages, a medium sized tray, sanitary cups and a home
medicine cupboard for drugs.
Most diseases are caused by germs, flies and lack of proper care. But it matters not
what the patient's trouble may be, there are two very necessary things to be done in the
beginning in the care of an invalid. When a patient is taken to the hospital or the home
the first duty of the nurse is to see that the sick room is clean, in order, and well ventilated.
Second, she prepares a nice clean bed to secure rest and quietness for the patient's whole
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Mav 16. 1914 269
body, and tends to the cleanliness of his body and clothing. After these simple duties are
done then the doctor or nurse is free to inquire what the patient's trouble may be. For
instance, he may complain of a bad headache or some other ailment. His temperature,
pulse and respiration are taken. If he is found with a high temperature he is given medi-
cines under the doctor's order.
For meals he is given light diet such as milk, toast, eggs, broth. During the time the
patient is confined to bed the nurse gives every attention to his comfort so that he may
be kept comfortable and in a condition favorable for recovery.
In cases where an invalid wakes up early, a hot nourishing drink may be given. This
gives him an appetite before his regular breakfast is served. His temperature, pulse and
respiration are taken after he is wide awake. Then during the afternoon and evening
his temperature is taken again.
Boys' Ward, Phoenix Indian School Hosptfal.
After his morning temperature is taken his face and hands are washed, his teeth and
mouth cleaned, his hair brushed and his bedding straightened. He is now ready for break-
fast. The nurse goes and fixes his tray, making it as appetizing as possible. The tray is
simple but clean and food well prepared. After the tray is ready she takes it with the
food nice and hot and places it on the table, draws it up close enough so that it may be
easy for him to eat If he is weak the nurse tends to the feeding.
After he has had his breakfast he is allowed to rest awhile. Then follows a cleansing
both with soap and water, an alcohol rub, the places he lies on powdered, and the bedding
changed. If the weather is cold extra blankets are put over him; if hot, the blankets are
taken oft While being given the bath, draft is avoided.
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270 The Native American
Bath being done the room is aired, cleaned and mopped if needed, then is dusted with
a damp cloth. In the meantime medicines are attended to as ordered.
The cleaning is done and the patient is now ready for the rest During his resting
period the nurse sees that annoyances of all kinds are avoided. In the afternoon he is
comforted from the kind of weather the day may be; nourishments and medicines are given
as ordered.
Getting ready for the night comes next. All the things needed should be in readiness,
bedtime nourishments attended to, the bed straightened, crumbs brushed off, and pillows
shaken; then the room is well ventilated and he is ready for sleep.
During his sleep every attention to comfort the patient is given. The nurse does not
have to be told if the patient is cold or hot but should slip her hand under his bed covers
occasionally and find out if the patient is comfortable especially at the feet. If his feet are
East Farm Sanatorium.
cold, hot water bags are used, but the water should not be too hot or left too cold till it is o
no use. A delirious patient should never be left alone. In this kind of case bedside notes
are taken and reported to the doctor. The points which are usually recorded are the
temperature, pulse, respiration, sleep, diet, discharges from the bowels and urine, and
medicines taken by the patient.
Each disease has its own changes which are placed in the column for remarks. For a
patient the daily treatment is gradually increased until the nurse is made happy by his
recovery.
^^^
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Mag 16, 1914 271
Agriculture among the Pima.
By Dottie Webber, Pima, Eighth Grade.
The Pima Indians of long ago understood agriculture. They did not practice rotation
of crops, the soil being rich from the silt of the overflow of the rivers. Irrigation was
practiced for unknown centuries. Each family cultivated from one to five acres, their farms
being rectangular and fenced with willow watting, tops of mesquite trees and various kinds
of brush. Their canals and ditches were dug with digging sticks and wooden shovels.
They raised cotton, corn, wheat, squash, muskmelons and watermelons. The corn
squash, muskmelons and watermelons were planted in the same way. The seeds were put
in boles dug with the digging stick about twelve inches apart and the wheat was planted
with a wooden plow made from the mesquite tree.
The hours of labor on a small farm were longer than today. All the farm work was
done with wooden implements that these Indians bad, but they still increased in their work
and amount of products raised.
Cotton Field on Pupil's Ten-Acre Tract, Sacaton, Arizona.
The work of clearing the fields, planting and irrigating were the works of the men, and
women harvested the crops, carrying them in their kia has or the burden basket. The men
threshed the wheat with horses after these animals were introduced, but before that the
women beat out the grain with straight sticks. All the crops except the wheat were car-
ried in these baskets. The wheat was carried in a square cloth with the ends tied together
in such a way that the grain could not fall out and was thrown on the back of a horse and
taken by the men to the storehouse, saving enough to last them till the next harvest
time. Wheat was used in many different ways. The women took the wheat, ground it on
the metate or grinding stone and made into tortillas. It was also roasted and ground.
Th?s is called pinole which is used extensively among the Indians today and which every
Pima boy and girl likes. The corn was also used in the same way.
The Pima Indians had many great difficulties in the olden times but they withstood
them well. In the year 1859 Mr. St. John was sent among these Indians as a special agent
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272 The Native American
with a supply of seeds and agricultural implements and that year they sold over 10,000
bushels of wheat to the mail company. In the year 1862 they sold twice as much to
the government.
Since farm implements have been brought to these Indians they have done more work
on the farm and have begun to raise more wheat, although some corn is raised. The
government has furnished them barbed wire and the old brush fence is torn down or
burned, every Indian having a barbed wire fence. I have seen the old-time fence but I sup-
pose it was there as a remembrance.
A Pima farmer to this day does all he can to make his farm look as well as possible.
He may not yet have all the different kinds of implements but he does the best he can with
what he has. He raises the different kinds of crops, takes care of them, and if his crops fail
he does not give up but goes to work and raises more.
Any Pima boy who goes home if he does not follow the trade he learned at school be-
PnnA Clearing Out Their Ditches at Blackwater, Arizona.
comes a farmer and takes care of his land. He has received more knowledge of agricul-
ture while at school and now he has come to practice what he knows about the farm.
There are a great many returned students who have made a success in life by fann-
ing. They earn their living by raising wheat and cotton. Cotton is increasing in produc-
tion and will soon become the most important crop.
The Pima Indians are an industrious tribe and take kindly to farming and with suffi
cient water would become not only self-supporting but prosperous.
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Mod 16, 19 14 273
Valedictory
By Nellie McArthur, Pima, Eighth Grade.
We are about to step out into life and as a class we here express our gratitude to our
teachers and members of the faculty for all they have done for us during these years of our
school life. We have tried to improve every opportunity and now that we have arrived at
the parting of the ways, before taking the turn, we look back upon the things we are leav-
ing behind us. We regret that we will no longer be with you here. On our journey through
life we will try to retain what little education we have received. Through all these years
we have spent here as a class we have learned to admire each other and have enjoyed
ourselves together m social affairs.
SrmNGROOM, Girls' Building.
Now the time has come to say farewell, as we stand at the gate of life not knowing
which turn we are going to take, but it is hoped that we shall all take the right turn and
accomplish something out in the world.
We have tried to set good examples for those who come after us. We have every
reason to be thankful for what the school has done for us and as we take the last full
measure of its benefits we bid it a fond farewell and starting out we will carry along with
us memories of the dear old school and friends and teachers who have been our guides
through these years of preparation.
We have tried hard to profit by the experiences of student life, and standing at the
entrance of the untried future we recognize the truth and guided by it we will make the
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274
The Native American
start. We have learned a great many things while here and when we go out into the
world we will carry to our people the benefits derived at the school.
As time rolls on, dear schoolmates, we will think about you as we journey along, and
hope that some day you will reach the ^oal of success which we now advise you all to be
aiming at through all the years of your school life, and as you advance in years you will
realize that the education you received while attending the Indian school at Phoenix is
what uplifted you.
OrncERS, Girls* Battauon.
When we think of our departure from this school with all its beautiful surroundings
and advantages our hearts fail us, but firmly grasping the rod of strong will and remem-
bering that there are duties lying before us and calling us to come, so dear friends, teachers
and school-mates, responding to the call we leave you all bidding you farewell.
With our class colors "Pink and Green" waving we will start life's journey and wher-
ever we may be and whatever we do we will try to follow our motto: "Put the Creed into
the Deed."
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Mag 16, 1914
275
Military Events
The military drill and parade given Thurs-
day evening at six o'clock under Major
Grinstead's direction was conceded to be the
most interesting one he has commanded.
The movements were different from previous
years and were exceedingly well done. Com-
pany C, with Calvin Atchavit as captain,
won the pennant in the first battalion, and
the second battalion pennant was won by
Company B, with Marianna Rhodes, captain.
Colonel Brown was the judge in both events.
A new feature was the battle exercise
with blank cartridges. Company A, first
battalion, charged the intrenched enemy with
much spirit and the grandstand cheered
loudly when the last foe fell
Our Exhibits
The academic and industrial displays at
the school building Friday evening attracted
much favorable comment from the visitors
who crowded the halls both before and after
the exercises.
There was on exhibit some very excellent
work from schoolroom and shop and it would
be hard to select one as being better than
another. New ideas worked out greet us
each year and prove the interest of in-
structor and pupil
Field Sports
On Friday morning at nine o'clock the
annual field events took place and the differ-
ent contests waged hotly. There were potato
races, girls' quarter-mile walking race, 100-
yard race for boys and girls, centipede
races, baseball-throwing, tug of war between
employees and Company A (won by the
latter) and a girls* baseball game.
Governor Hunt Visits School
The school was honored this week by the
presence of Arizona's chief executive- Gov-
ernor Hunt and his staff spent several hours
Thursday viewing the academic and indus-
trial demonstrations. On Friday evening he
arrived in time to make a visit to the school
building and was greatly interested in the
exhibit work. Following this he attended
the graduating exercises and was one of the
first to congratulate the class of 1914.
The governor will be with us again next
Friday evening when he will give a lecture
in the school auditorium on prison reform.
All employees and their families and our
neighbors are invited to be present.
Demonstration Day
Thursday afternoon from 2 to 4 o'clock the
academic and industrial demonstration was
put on and every department was a hive of
interesting industry. A large number of visi-
tors passed through the buildings and watched
with eager attention the skillful work of the
Indian boys and girls under the efficient di-
rection of their instructors.
Governor Appreciates Cake
The domestic science department, which
has been so ably supervised by Miss Keck,
received many compliments, and Jean
Seyounema and Mrs. Chiles, teacher at the
Farm Cottage, feel especially happy over the
following letter:
May 16, 1914.
My dear Miss Seyounema:
I desire to express my thanks to you for
the delicious cake prepared by you and pre-
sented to me by the superintendent during
my visit at the school yesterday.
Several of my friends have enjoyed it with
me, and we feel that it speaks well for your
own ability as well as that of your good
teacher, and I congratulate you both, as well
as the school, on being able to demonstrate
so agreeably the good work that is being
done in the teaching and training of your
race. Very sincerely yours,
GEO. W. P. HUNT.
Governor of Arizona
In this issue is an advertisement for bids
for the new girls' industrial building. Plans
have been received from the Indian Office for
this new structure and the work ought to be
well under way when school opens in the fall.
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276
The Native American
Commencement Exercises
On Friday evening an immense crowd
gathered in front of the club building to
witness the graduation of the class of 1914.
Eleven girls and three boys bad completed
the course required by the Phoenix Indian
school and were ready to receive the certi-
ficates which entitle them to be known as
graduates of this institution.
The long veranda was prettily decorated
with palms, pepper branches and white olean-
ders and the members of the class, rep-
resentatives of the school and speakers of
the evening were grouped on either side of
the center. To their left sat the choir and
on the east end of the porch was the band.
Following the overture, the invocation was
deliver^ by Victor Manuel of the class of
1906. Robert Burke extended the class
greeting in good voice and manner, making
a pleasing opening number.
Eliza Johnson told of the Casa Grande
ruins, stimulating with this bit of history an
interest in the Pima forefathers.
"Breadmaking** was an interesting demon-
stration given by Martha Hughes, and the
cleverness with which she presented the
bread in different stages was a delight to the
audience.
Lucy Medicinegrass read a paper on "Care
of the Sick** which proved her training at the
school hospital. "Agriculture among the
Pima'* was the subject of a practical talk by
Dottie Webber.
The valedictory was given by Nellie Mc-
Arthur who voiced the sentiment of her class
in a farewell to the school and a word of en-
couragement to those who are following year
by year. Three numbers were well rendered
by the chorus during the evemng.
The address was given by Col. George Le-
Roy Brown, U. S. A., retired. Colonel Brown
was one of the pioneers in the Indian work,
having assisted Colonel Pratt in the organiza-
tion of the first Indian school, and having
served as Indian agent a number of years
ago among the northern tribes.
His deep interest in the race and his spirit
of brotherliness toward the red man were
evinced in his earnest remarks, and the
class of 1914 was happy to have had the
privilege of receiving their diplomas at bis
hands.
Printers Clean Up the Campus
The printing force of the Native American
shop took two days off during^ conimencement
week to show the people that they were not
only good printers or printer's devils but were
also good ball players when in good spirits.
On Tuesday afternoon the painters descended
the roofs with their paint and brushes and
strolled to the ball grounds where the printers
"pied them up" by a score of 11 to 9.
The farmers having heard of the slaughter
threw aside their plows and hastened to revenge
the painters on Friday afternoon but found that
"Doc" Quail, being warmed up by feeding a
press, was in good shape and smeared their
faces with ink and captured the game by a score
of 14 to 0. The score by innings of the two
games follows:
12 3 4 5
Printers 7 2 0 2 0-11
Painters 3 0 0 4 2—9
12 3 4 5 6 7
Printers 0 4 113 4 1-14
Farmers 0 0 0 0 0 0 0—0
PROPOSALS FOR BRICK INDUSTRIAL
BUILrDING. Department of the Interior, Of-
fice of Indian Affairs, Washington, D. C.,May
5, 1914. Sealed proposals, plainly marked on
the outside of the envelope: * 'Proposals for
Brick Industrial Building, Phoenix Indian
8chool,Ari2ona,'* and addressed to the **Com-
missioner of Indian Affairs, Washington, D. C.,''
will be received at the Indian Office until 2
p. m. of June 8, 1914, for furnishing materials
and labor for the construction of a girls* brick
industrial building at the Phoenix Indian
School, Arizona, in strict accordance with the
plans, specifications and instructions to bidder
which may be examined at the office of the paper
periodical in which this advertisement appears,
the United States Indian warehouses at Chicago,
Illinois, St. Louis, Missouri, Omaha, Nebraska,
and San Francisco, California, the Builders
Exchange, St. Paul, Minnesota, and at the
Phoenix Indian School. For further informa-
tion apply to the Superintendent of the Phoenix
Indian School, Phoenix, Arizona,
CaTo Sri,i<s, Commissioner.
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Adrift on Time's return less tide.
As NA/aves that follow \A/aves, \A/e glide.
God grant \A/e leave upon the shore
Some NA/aif of good it lacked before;
Some seed or flower or plant of worth.
Some added beauty to the earth;
Some larger hope, some thought to make
The sad world happier for its sake.
— j. G. WHITTER
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Red Moon School, Oklahoma.
Aztec Ruins near Crownpoint, New Mexico.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE"'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 16
May 23, 1914
9^(urnber 2t
PANAMA CANAL
By Joseph Burke. Pima. Eighth Grade.
ANAMA is 'an isthmus or a strip of land that connects North America
and South America. The distance across this neck of land is about
50 miles and its elevation is over 300 feet at one point.
The people were interested in constructing a canal across this isthmus
as early as 1520. The first desire for building such a canal was foy the
Spanish, because they wanted to reach their new possessions in Peru
and Chile more easily. And not only the Spanish but other European countries have at-
tempted at different times to construct a canal across the Isthmus of Panama.
The real history of the Panama canal dates from 1878 for in that year the survey was
made locating the canal in its present route. A concession was given to Lieutenant
Weyes by Colombia, who owned this land, to construct a canal across the isthmus.
In the year following under the direction of Ferdinand De Lesseps, who had con-
structed the Suez canal, a company of engineers met in Paris. This French company
proposed to cut a sea level canal. 29>^ feet deep, from 72 to 78 feet wide at the bottom
and from 92 to 164 feet wide at the surface. It was to be 46.09 miles long including the
harbors, or 43.02 miles long without the harbors. De Lesseps estimated that the cost
would be about $127,000,000. But at the close of 1888 the company went into the hands
of a receiver, after having spent $200,000,000, and completed about one-third of the work.
A new company was then organized. It abandoned the sea level plan and substituted
a series of locks. But in a few years it stopped working because it did not have enough
money to carry on the work.
The French spent over $220,000,000 in trying to construct this canal and at last were
glad to offer their right of way and machinery to the United States for $40,000,000.
This matter was laid before Congress and a treaty was drawn up offering Colombia
$10,000,000 and an annuity of $250,000 a year for nine years following the ratification of
the treaty. But Colombia after a long debate rejected the offer.
In a short time Panama withdrew from Colombia and became a republic. In two
years their constitution was adopted and the United States immediately recognized the
new government. Panama then sent to the United States Senate a treaty providing for
the construction of the canal. This was ratified by the United States, February 24, 1904.
The President then appointed a committee of seven members, the chairman and chief
engineer being Col. George Goethals of the United States army. This committee decided
on a lock canal as the French had planned. A dam has been built across the lower end
of the Chagres river so it will rise and rise until it is 85 feet above either ocean. It will
form a lake 165 square miles in area and can flow into the Atlantic ocean through the
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280 The Native American
locks at Gatun and to the Pacific through the locks at Pedro Miguel and Miraflores. The
water of the Gatun lake not needed in passing ships through the locks goes to the Atlantic
ocean through a spillway.
The lock gates are the most interesting part of the canal. There are 46 of them, each
having two leaves, and their total weight is 58,000 tons. These locks vary in size from 47
to 82 feet in height and it takes not less than 6,000,000 rivets to put them together.
There are three tiers of locks at Gatun on the Atlantic side, and two tiers at Mira-
flores, and one at Pedro Miguel on the Pacific sidt. Each tier of the locks will lift a
vessel 28 feet. The length of each lock is 1,000 feet; the width 110 feet The total lift by
locks from sea level to level of Gatun lake is 85 feet.
The task of digging this canal is a tremendous undertaking. In the work of excavat-
ing the United States is using 100 great steam shovels and 18 dredges. It is necessary to
remove 215,000,000 cubic yards of material besides the 30,000,000 cubic yards which has
come in from slides. The material from the slides alone is enough to build a wall 7 feet
thick, 7 feet high, reaching from New York to San Francisco. It would fill a million and a
half big Lidgerwood cars enough to make a string of 12,000 miles. These figures show
that the mere getting rid of this surplus material is no mean job. When it is finished it
will be 41>^ miles from shore to shore, or 50 miles from deep water to deep water. The
minimum depth of the canal is 41 feet.
A vessel passes through the canal on the Atlantic side at sea level to Gatun. Then it
goes up a flight of three steps to Gatun lake and continues at that level for 32 miles;
then down one step at Pedro Miguel to Miraflores lake, which is 55 feet above sea level;
thence through the Miraflores lock. The canal from there to the Pacific is at sea level
again. One of the interesting processes is that when a vessel passes the lower lock gates
they are closed behmd it and water is let into that box or lock chamber from the lock
above until the same level of water exists in the lower and middle locks, the ship being
lifted 28^ feet. After that the gate separating the lower and middle lock will be opened
and the ship will pass into the second lock, the gates closed behind it and the processes re-
peated, the ship being lifted another 28>^ feet. The operation repeated once more will
cause the ship to float out on the level of Gatun lake. No ship will be allowed to go
through the locks under its own steam. Electric locomotives which are very powerful will
be used to draw the ships through the locks.
The Panama canal will be opened for use January 1, 1915. This work of constructing
the canal cost $375,000,000. It will change the commercial and travel routes of the
world. It will stimulate commerce and bring the people into closer relationship.
The Panama canal will shorten the routes beween New York and Yokohama by 3,750
miles; between New York and Shanghai about 2,000 miles; between New York and
Australia 3,500 miles. It will also reduce the distance from Europe to western North
America by more than 5,000 miles; and from Europe to western South America 3,000 miles.
One of the most important results of opening the Panama canal will doubtless be the in-
crease of our domestic trade between the eastern and the western sections of the United
States. This trade is already very large.
It seems probable that the Panama canal will carry most of the freight passing be-
tween the eastern coast of the United States and the western coast of Latin America and
that the shorter distance and lower rates which it offers will greatly increase that trade.
To Colonel Goethals and his assistants belongs the credit of the succesful construction
of this canal, the greatest feat of engineering the world has ever seen.
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Mav 23. 1914 281
Indians from the Time of Columbus
TO THE Present Day
By Juana Valenzuella. Pima, Eighth Grade.
HE name Indian was first given by Columbus to the tribes inhabiting the Ameri-
can continent at the time of its discovery, because he thought that the land
was a part of India. To science these tribes are usually known as the Ameri-
can or red rare. Their chief characteristics are long, black, straight hair,
scanty beard, heavy brows, receding forehead, dull and sleepy eyes, wide nose,
full compressed lips, and a broad face with high cheek bones. They vary in
size and shape, are frequently tall and symmetrical and they generally have small, well
proportioned hands and feet.
The Indians were distributed over the whole of the western continent. It is supposed
that in the whole of America there were about 12,000,000 Indians, of which less than half
were to be found in North America. At the time of Columbus' discovery of America, it
was believed that there were about 200,000 Indians residing east of the Mississippi river.
In 1913 there were 330,639 in the entire United States. TTiese Indians lived in villages,
each tribe by itself, in dwellings peculiar to the tribe.
Among the Pueblo Indians in the southwestern part of the United States the houses
were then as now built of mud and crowded together one above another upon the plain
or were built in caves in the sides of high cliffs. In the lake regions circular huts of bark
split in broad slabs were built, and in the east and south the wigwams were of the same
material but were built more in a rectangular shape.
The Indians of the plains who traveled about more than the tribes of the east built
temporary tepees or wigwams of poles over which they stretched skins of large animals.
They always had one house larger than others for this was where the chiefs met for coun-
cil and around it was an open space where the Indians met for worship or amusement.
The every day dress of the Indian consisted of little clothing, some tribes going almost
naked. From the skins of animals, fibrous plants and bark of trees these Indians con*
structed the few garments which were necessary. The Pueblo Indians in the southwest
made serviceable garments.
In times of ceremony most of the tribes dressed with showy garments bedecked with
shells, teeth, feathers and other bright objects. Enormous headdresses of feathers and
brilliant necklaces, metal ornaments, earrings and bracelets were also a part of this full
dress costume.
The Indians tattooed themselves and always before going to war or engaging in any
other undertaking they would paint their faces and bodies with bright colors in fanciful de-
signs, which showed to which tribe they belonged, and also their purpose in painting them-
selves.
Now as for their good times, they had games of all kinds, such as we have now. They
played ball, ran races, danced, feasted, went on hunting and fishing trips, told stories and
many times neighboring tribes joined in exciting contests. They sang on all occasions, but
their music was coarse and rude. They had rude drums, whistles, rattles and flutes, all of
which were more noisy than musical. Betting and gambling were most common among
them. They sometimes lost all their possessions when luck was against them.
The highest ambition of a youth was to be a great warrior, for the tribe celebrated the
deeds of its leaders and kept a record of their valiant doings. The Indians were in instances
(CoDtinaed on page 284)
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282
T^^ Native Amemcan
entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Seoond Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United Sutes Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKNTY-FIVK CENTS A YEAR
Supervisor Charles L Davis is now in
cliarge at Rosebud, South Dakota.
Schoolroom and shop are busy preparing
exhibit work for the San Francisco exposition.
The Sisters brought out the pupils from
the parochial school Sunday morning for
mass.
Hugh Patton of Sacaton drove over Tues-
day in his machine to bring his daughter
Ruth to the sanatorium.
R. A. Ward, clerk in charge at Sacaton
during Superintendent Thackery's extended
absence in Washington, was over on busi-
ness Tuesday.
Mrs. Ethel S. Dickson and daughter arrived
the first of the week from Whiteriver, Arizona
Mrs. Dickson has been transferred to this
school as cook.
John Whitwell, principal of the literary
department at Carlisle, has been promoted
and transferred to Cushman school, Tacoma,
Washington, as assistant superintendent.
Mrs. F. P. Burnett was the guest of Mrs.
Florence Perkins over Sunday, leaving Tues-
day for California with her husband who
until recently has been postmaster at Globe,
Arizona. Mr. and Mrs. Burnett are seeking a
new location and it is possible that they will
return to Salt river valley, or at least this
section of Arizona. They were at one time
connected with the Indian Service at Rice
and San Carlos.
Dr. and Mrs. George 0. Keck stopped here
this week enroute from Sacaton to Camp
Verde where the doctor will look after the
eye work among the Mohave-Apache In-
dians for a few weeks.
The Native American
A larj^ number of boys and girls are going
outing this summer.
Edgar Robinson, one of the club cooks,
leaves today for Caliente springs where he
will take the baths and recuperate for a few
weeks.
Mrs. Carrie Fowler of Cheyenne, Wyoming,
was the guest of her sister, Miss Almira
Fowler, on Tuesday and Wednesday. She
has spent the past two months in Los Angeles,
and returns home by way of Boulder. Colo-
rado, where her son is attending the univer-
sity.
A number of visitors were at the club for
Sunday dinner. Mrs. McLaughlin enter-
tained Mr. and Mrs. Elliott and Miss Viets
from the East Farm sanatorium; Miss Allen's
guests were Mrs. J. C. Young and son Lomax
and Mr. Turner, all from Wenona, III., Miss
Allen's old home. Others noted were Dr.
and Mrs. Breid and Elizabeth and Miss
Esther Rhodes.
Colonel George LeRoy Brown of Tucson
university, who was with us during com-
mencement, was so pleased with the work of
boys in the military drills that he ofiTers for
next year two gold medals, one for the best
drilled boy and one for the best drilled girl,
taking also into consideration their conduct
in classroom and work and play. The school
greatly appreciates the colonel's interest thus
manifested, and the added incentive should
bring out still further the work of the Indian
school cadets.
Governor George W. P. Hunt of Arizona
gave his lecture on prison reform at the
school Friday evening. Arizona, the last
state in the union, has under Governor
Hunt's administration been the first state in
prison reform, and it was a privilege to hear
the Governor's own ideas on the subject, and
to learn of some of his interesting experi-
ences in ^'making over" character. He works
on the plan that crime is the result of men-
tal or physical deficiencies, or of faulty envi-
ronment, and that the criminal tendencies
can be eradicated or at least checked by im-
proved conditions.
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Mav 23, 1914
283
Phoenix Loses Favorite Pupil
After an illness of fourteen weeks Carl
Lowe passed away Sunday evening. Carl
had been a pupil of this school since a small
boy. Practically his whole life has been
passed here, and by his excellent character
and amiable disposition he won a place in
the esteem of employees and pupils that has
possibly never been held by any other pupiL
He was adjutant to Major Grinstead and
was a valuable assistant at the disciplin-
arian's office. When a dependable, steady
hand was needed for anythmg, Carl Lowe
could always be relied upon. His habits
were irreproachable. He was a strong Chris-
tian influence among the student body and
at the time of his death was president of the
school Y. M. C. A.
On Tuesday evening a memorial service
was held at the auditorium and that his life,
though so short, had not been lived in vain
was attested by the words of tribute from
his associates. Mr Creighton, Mr. Brodhead
and Mr. Jantzen, all of whom knew him in
his religious connections, spoke of his splendid
character. Jonnson McAfee expressed the
sentiment of his schoolmates simply and
earnestly and in one of his sentences he ex-
pressed a volume of tribute — "When Carl
was in charge of us as disciplinarian we
boys respected him." Alth jugh he was one of
the boys his authority was not questioned
because they "respected him." No one could
know Carl Lowe without respecting him.
Miss Mayhani sang Marston's beautiful ar-
rangement of " Fm a Pilgrim, Fm a Stranger"
and the entire service brought out the fact
that though dead he lives with us in his in-
fluence.
Dr. Marden accompanied the remains to
Sacaton, burial taking place at Lower Santan,
the reservation home of the deceased.
Service News
{Muskogee Times- Democrat)
Washington, May 16. — President WHson
has excepted from competitive examination
six inspectors who are to act as the imme-
diate and confidential representives of tha
Commissioner of Indian Affairs. They must,
however, possess such qualifications for
their work as the Civil Service Commission,
which approves their exception, may pre-
scribe after consultation with the Commis-
sioner of Indian Affairs.
The President says this order was issued
because of the great responsibility imposed
upon the Commissioner in the administration
of affairs of 300,000 Indians with property
worth nearly a billion dollars, and requiring
6,000 employees and property for administra-
tion purposes and school uses valued at
nearly thirty million dollars.
"These vast human and material interests
of a dependent people," the President says,
"are committed to the care and oversight of
the Secretary of the Interior under the
immediate direction of the Commissioner of
Indian Affairs, who needs a corps of inspec-
tors immediately responsible to him in the
discovery of fraud and malfeasance."
* * *
Washington, May 14. — Changes in Indian
Service in Oklahoma were announced today
as follows: Ralph H. Stanion, the present
superintendent at Otoe agency, becomes
superintendent of Pawnee agency. George
M. Hoyo, now Indian farmer at Cheyenne-
Arapaho agency, succeeds Mr. Stanion at
Otoe. Walter G. West is transferred from
superintendency of Cantonment agency to
the Southern Ute and William H. Wisdom, a
clerk at Cantonment, is named to succeed
Mr. West as superintendent at that reserva-
tion.
Plans for educational leaves and summer
vacations were being given due consideration
the past week. California seems to be the
favored place so far as the academic teach-
ers are concerned.
Miss Keck went to Sacaton Friday morn-
ing for the purpose of visiting the day schools
in connection with the preparation of her
work for the summer. She will be one of
the institute instructors for the west, being
detailed to Riverside, Santa Fe and Chemawa.
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284 . The Native American
INDIANS FROM THE TIME OF COLUMBUS
THE PRESENT DAY
(Continued from page 281)
courageous to a degree. They wore no armor, but fought savagely with bows and arruvrs
or knives, hatchets and spears of stone. The Indians were cruel and usually scalped and
put their captives to death, sometimes with cruel torture.
Flint and pipestone were used by the Indians in making most of their implements
such as knives, spears, sewing needles and pipes. Some tribes made pottery from clay,
and other tribes constructed household utensils with marvelous skill. Baskets of grace-
ful shape with beautiful designs and woven so closely as to be waterproof were made.
They understood the art of preserving skins and making fine leather. All thc^se in-
dustries were mostly in the hands of w )m2n, for the men considered it a disgrace to labor
Now what has been said so far about the Indians and their ways was at the time
when Columbus first discovered America, but sinc^ then there has been a remarkable change
in their conditions. The first attempt to educate the American Indian was made by John
Eliot in 1646, and the years immediately following. Eliot was followed by others but the
differences between the Indians and the whites leading to King Philip's war and other In-
dian wars, destroyed all the results of their work and nothing of importance was attempted
for more than a century.
There was no attempt on the part of the Government after the Revolutionary war to
educate the Indian, but the Cherokees and Creeks m Georgia were influenced by a number
of white people who settled among them to adopt some of the ways of civilization and
many of the Indians learned to read and write and organized their tribes on a plan similar
to that of the United States Government. They made excellent progress towards civiliza-
tion and during Jackson's administration they were all removed to Indian Territory.
The first appropriation by Congress for Indian education was in 1819, and the sum ap-
propriated was $10,00U. From that time to the present it has been increased until now it
exceeds $4,000,000. All this money now appropriated is devoted to the support of
Government schools.
These schools are of three classes — day schools, reservation boarding schools and non -
reservation boarding schools. There are about 223 day schools now supported by the
Government. They are located near the homes of the Indians so that both the old and
young are brought under the influences of the school. These schools enroll between five
and six thousand pupils. The reservation boarding schools are established on the res-
ervations and open to the children of both sexes. About 114 of them are maintained and
they enroll about 12,000 pupils. These institutions are located in Arizona, Oklahoma, South
Dakota, Minnesota and on reservations in other states.
The nonreservation schools are institutions providing learning of higher order. The
most noted of these is the Carlisle Indian school in Pennsylvania which has enrollment of
about 1,000. The next in importance are Haskell Institute, at Lawrence, Kansas, and our
own school at Phoenix, Arizona, each having an enrollment of about 800. There are other
schools at Chilocco, Oklahoma; Riverside, California; Chemawa, Oregon, and smaller ones
scattered throughout the west. In some of these schools what is known as the outing plan
is practiced. The students are placed in white families during the year, where they earn
good wages and attend public schools and are brought under the family influence. The
purpose of the schools is to teach the Indians the English language and to bring them
under the influence of civilization.
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Mag 23. 1914 285
Besides the different Indian schools which are supported by the Government, there are
other schools and these are the schools of the five civilized tribes of Oklahoma, the
Cherokees, Chickasaws. Choctaws, Creeks and Seminoles.
Indeed there has been a great change since the discovery of America by Columbus. It
has been stated that there are now in the United States 305,000 Indians of which 150,000 are
full bloods; 200.000 of them live on allotments and there are 40,000 voters; 8.700 are em-
ployed in the Lidian Service and 58,000 children are in school.
Such an expenditure of money, time and labor can not fail in its results. But we find
today on many reservations pitiful relics of the old. crude, primitive life that Columbus
found on our shores. It is to be remembered that these evidences of the past exist only
among the aged Indians whom the long arm of education and civilization failed to reach in
time to save It is in the younger generation that those interested in the Indian find their
hope and workers among them the pay for their labors. Could the average white citizen,
whose idea of the Indian is I fear a mental picture of along haired, blanketed savage brand-
ishing a tomahawk, get a bird's-eye view of the various parts of our country now inhabited
by the "poor Lo," he would find those sections dotted with attractive houses where
young Indians and their legal wives live in a quiet and wholesome civilization, raising promis-
ing families of children and supporting them by the plying of the trades that good Uucle
Sam has put into their hands.
To come near, a few weeks ago there was held at this school a returned students' con-
ference when the school opened its doors to all Indians who had ever been to school, no
matter where or for how short a time. A "horde" poured in to take advantage of the
welcome. But no such horde as long-haired, scantily-clothed bucks and unkempt squaws
here, but an assembly of intelligent young people, well dressed, clean and dignified husbands
and wives and children, all showing the effects of the years of training — mental, moral and
physical— that have been impressed upon them.
^^^
ART AMONG THE INDIANS
By Bessie Siow. Pueblo, Eighth Grade.
^HEN discussing art in Indian schools the question which confronts
us is whether it is worth while to devote time in developing the
artistic side of the Indian, or to teach him to make beautiful
things, when at the same time he needs the utilitarian education.
There is so much in the plaider and more practical and useful
things for him to learn. He needs to know more of what is use-
ful and which will fit him to become useful in the future. So it
may be considered a waste of time in trying to develop the artistic side of the Indian.
But has the Indian a taste for the beautiful? For answer we invite you to look back
into Indian history. The Indian is essentially artistic, for long before we have any definite
history he had practiced textile art. Textile art is one of the most ancient known, dating
back to the very beginning of culture. This early art among the Indians as practiced for use
was free from ornamentation and beauty. Chief among the Indian handicrafts is basketry,
the most expressive vehicle of the tribes' individuality. Moreover, it is his most useful handi-
craft, serving him from the cradle to the grave. Ages before people had pottery to cook
in, the basket was used. It was coated over with clay by the woman and used to cook in.
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286 The Native American
Nature furnished the leaves, twigs and the fiber of the rude yucca plant for making these
things that were needed, such as cradles, nets, mats and baskets.
While the Indian man hunted and fished the Indian woman was ever the conserver of
industry and thrift; the manufacturer, through simple homely processes, brought the raw
products of nature into useful and sometimes beautiful forms, and thoroughly did she master
the intricacies of weaving. Originally both food and water were carried in baskets. But how
could water be carried in baskets, one would ask. No danger of breaking a pitcher at an
Indian well. The basket is woven tightly and is coated over with gum of the pinon pine.
The finely woven decorations represent in symbolic conventionalized form those familiar
natural objects so dear to the Indian heart— mountains, streams, lakes, trees, sea-waves«
for example — objects with which the particular tribe has close association. These are the
subjects such as ever stir the Indian artist's imagination. Into all these primitive home-
made articles beauty slowly found greater and greater expression in form, color and design
and today the basket is a thing of beauty in its construction.
More grace and beauty has been added since its beginning. Directly from basketry was
pottery evolved. Like the basket, it was at first rudely made. It was originally fouod
among the Pueblo Indians west of the Mississippi river. Rudely shaped pottery was found
in graves and ruins of the ancient clifT dwellings. But as years wore on the makinjt of
pottery was improved in structure and beauty.
Needle work was not in use at these early times, but before needles came into use the
Indians used thorns and sharp twigs to join things together such as leaves, skins, and tis-
sues. The quills of the porcupine were also used by the Indian women to embroider the house-
hold articles made of skins and bark. Afterwards the needle came into use. The work they
did was to sew f^^athers, shells, and beads on skins or on garments to ornament themselves.
Needlework was very much improved as time went on, and beadwork was one of the things
they did the most. Today some of the prettiest designs are in bead work. Beautiful things are
made out of beads such as belts, bands and baskets. Perhaps it is because the Indian who is
educated has more beautiful ideas in making these beautiful designs. Thus from its rude
beginning this work has developed into one of the beautiful arts.
Blanket weaving is another useful art among the Indians. There also was a rude begin-
nmg of the blanket. The weaver wove because clothes were needed, but it was rudely done
The Indian carded his own wool from his own sheep and made it into yarn, and dyed this
yarn with what few colorings he could get from the native plants. They did not have any
bright, pretty colors then, so the weaver just had to do without them. But afterward when
the white men came they brought with them dyes that pleased the Indian better. These
were bright colors, and so the Indians bought them and made use of them. With these
they dyed their yarns in all different colors and wove them into blankets, but the most
attractive blankets are dyed with native plants. Today many blankets can be seen in
some American homes which were planned and woven by the Indian women of the south-
west. This work is one of the most practical occupations among the Navaho Indians. Some
blankets are also made among the Zuni and Hopi Indians. You go into some of the trad-
ing posts of this southwest and you see there all these beautiful, handsomely made blankets
in all different designs, all planned and made by some artistic Indian weaver. This is indeed
another of the Indian's beautiful handicrafts.
So we may note that from the rudest beginnings of these arts practiced by the Indians
are today the most beautiful specimens of art developed. We also can see in this brief
study of the development of art among the tribes, that even in his most savage state, there
was in the Indian the love of nature and of the beautiful in all things. And as he came in
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Mag 23. J9l4
287
touch with other people and minds of other nations he saw suggestions for improvement
even before the white man undertook his education.
So should not some time be given in our schools to bringing out and developing this
talent which has struggled through all these ages to find expression? Can it not be a
means of more rapid development of culture and refinement? We know beauty has al-
ways had a refining influence and that beauty of environment calls forth the beautiful in
character.
Is it not barely possible that we may add more and more to the world of art; that we
niay even produce masters whose work might find its way into the galleries of famous
pictures? This may never come true, but at least we believe we will be better for trying
to help make the world beautiful.
FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Employees at Red Moon SchOOlt team on the Sacaton diamond. The score was
H am mon, Oklahoma. 4 to 2 iu favor of the training school. Battery,
Bv Special Correipondent. Alfred Jackson and Vincent Garcia.
Willis E. Dunn Superintendent Saturday, May 9, Mr. Wilson and Superin-
Mrs. Uzzie B. McCorquodale ....Matron tendent Record took the school choir by auto-
Miss Margaret I. Hamil Teacher mobile to Indian Oasis. The choir sang at
Earl Giffin Laborer two services on Sunday at Indian Oasis and
Charles L. Giffin Financial clerk also at Topawah on Sunday afternoon. The
Ivce Dorroh, M. D Physician Indians at both places were delighted with the
Mrs. Estella Giffin Assistant singing of the boys and girls and invited them
Sidney L/. Caulkins Farmer to come again.
Mrs. Christina Kliewer Field matron
Darwin Hayes Police private Salt River, Arizona
Arizona Gazette.
Tucson Indian Training School ^^''''^ ^°^ ^^ Phoenix spent the week end
here. His brother, Charles E. Coe, is superin-
By Special Correspondent. tendent of the Indian reservation.
The school year of the Tucson Indian Train- We were glad to see Dr. Alexander of Tempe
ing school closed May 6. On Monday even- on his weekly trip as government physician
ing, May 4, the music department gave its after his long and serious illness. Dr. Ellis of
concert. Part one of the program consisted this place looked after the medical work dur-
of piano and vocal solos, selectionsby the fifty- i^g his sickness.
voice chorus, by the girls' glee club and by a number of the residents of the village are
the boys* chorus. Part two was selections by planning to spend Sunday at McDowell,
the band. Tuesday's entertainment was a Preaching services will be held there Saturday
series of pantomimes giving eighteen Bible evening and Sunday morning,
stories. Many guests, friends and relatives q. H. Gebby, formerly missionary at Mc-
of the students and people from Tucson were Dowell, was calling on friends here this week,
present for both evenings and all were gener- Mrs. Gebby and the children are planning to
ous in their praise of the work done by the spend the summer with relatives in Illinois and
boys and girls. Ohio.
Among the guests of the school for com- The commencement exercises of the Phoenix
mencement week were Mrs. O. D. Means, Indian school attracted quite a number of our
formerly Miss Dilly, girls' matron, and Mrs. people.
Charles Osborn who, as Miss Laird, taught for Harvest is here and it is an interesting sight
a number of years in the school. Mrs. Ade- to witness the swing of the old fashioned sickle
iaide Aldrich of San Francisco was another by the Indians in many of the fields,
guest. Most of the white residents of the reservation
Friday, May 8, the Escuela team played attended the harvest home feast given at
and won the baseball game with the Sacaton Scottsdale last week.
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288
The Native American
Cheyenne and Arapaho, Darlington,
Oklahoma
El Reno American.
Our Indian boy* and girls are going to com-
pete in the corn, cotton, kaflfir and canning
clubs. The men and women will enter the
county fair and have some exhibits.
The annual payment is expected to be
made in a few days.
The clearing up of Indian estates goes on
rapidly and many cases are decided each
week.
Friday, Chief White Spoon, Bird Chief and
Three Fingers and Grant Left Hand were in-
specting the school on their regrular monthly
visit. They were well pleased with all the
work, except they thought the boys should
have better band instruments and that more
chairs were needed. It is a very remarkable
and encouraging thing for these Indians to
take this great interest in the school. It is an
example that might benefit some of the schools
of the whites.
Report comes that our Indian farm station
at Bridgeport, on the South Canadian, is flooded.
John White, the farmer, has moved upstairs
to the second floor. One of the assistant
far.ner's houses is afloat. This is the second
time this has happened. We fear many farms
will b2 ruined as they were in the last flood
several years ago.
the unfavorable conditions they have to meet
from wind, sand and lack of rain.
Ganado, Arizona.
By Special Cotre^pondent.
Mrs. L/Ouisa B. DriscoU, fleld matron at the
Cornfields, left May 12 on leave of absence to
take her mother, Mrs. Shipley who is aged
and infirm, to her home in Yale, Iowa.
Miss Cora L#. Moore, teacher of the Ganado
school, is taking her vacation, having left May
13 for her home at North field, Mass., stopping
over for a time in New York, Springfield, Massa-
chusetts, and other points along the way.
Charles Smith of Springfield, Massachu-
setts, arrived May 9, having come from New
York via Galveston, Texas. He expects to
take charge of the work that is contemplated
during the summer in connection with the
school improvements.
Guy Clark and Sam Patterson with their
uncle expect to go to the Black mountain
country about May 20 to purchase sheep as
stock is available in that section.
The wool season has begun and is a time
of RTOod cheer to the Indians. They are also
engaged in corn planting in the production of
which they are very successful, considering
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
m
Eighth Grade
We seniors all feel mighty proud of our class-
mates who spoke for the commencement ex-
ercises.
I spent all day Sunday in town at the home
of Mr. and Mrs. George Acoya and I certaitilj
had a delightful time.
Commencement week is over and everybody
is back at work on his studies. Only a few
more days of school, boys and girls, so try your
level best to reach a passing grade.
We domestic science girls miss Jennie Par-
sons who has gone to California to work for a
family.
Some of the girls have already gone on the
outing list and it will not be long until more
of them will be leaving for difl^erent place<&
for the summer.
The nurses were sorry to see Dinah McL^ean
leave this morning for Pla^stafl^, Arizona,
where she will work for a family.
L/Ucinda Ike is expecting to go outing very
soon.
Miss Gaither is going to leave us for Genoa,
Nebraska. We girls will surely miss her.
The classes are all busy again workinjf on
exhibits for the San Francisco fair during
1915.
Although the days are getting pretty warm
we are doing the best we can so that we may
not feel the heat so much.
Fifth Grade C
We are glad to be in school again after
having a good time last week.
The friends of Minnie Grant were very sorry
to see her cro home last Saturday.
The painter boys are working hard this
week.
We sewing room girls are making outing
dresses and we hope to have them finished
before long.
Margaret Davis, one of the outing Rfirls, is
very anxious to go home this summer. I remem-
ber that she got the third prize on composi-
tion on tuberculosis when she was here in 1912.
She is saving her money to take it along with
her.
We fifth C pupils are reading a story about
•*The Miraculous Pitcher."
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ItJE should be as guarded \A/ith our
association with pessimists and
failures as we are ready to seek the
efficient and the optimistic, for one is as
contagious as the other.
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Lower End of Plaza, Phoenix Indian School.
«KIMi»lHIHIIM«!!i«iKi!!iS"'
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFE"'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Volume 15
DtvoUd to Indian Education
MAy 30, 19 14
9{umber 22
<^=
Commissioner Cato Sells Wants Indians
To Do More Farming
=^
Q Honorable Commissioner, Indian Affairs, Cato Sells, he say this way:
"The fiarming season is at hand. Every farmer should at once become
aaively engaged in advising and teaching the Indians how to prepare
the soil, the kind of seed to select, when and how to plant, grow and
harvest, and the best use to be made of his crop when produced."
Q War Bow hear what chief, Mr. Sells, say and heap catch it, idea.
WAR BOW HEAP FARM
By War Bow. Blanket Indian. Colony. Oklahoma
War Bow think he goin' to farm;
Like country life, got heap of charm;
He goin' to raise it, plenty com;
Will heap much plow in early mom.
Heap plant kafir com and milo,
Fkaise plenty feed to fill big silo.
Have nice sleek horse an' big fat cow.
Coin' watch white man an' heap learn how.
Go in pasture an' catch up pony,
Use curry comb till horse look tony;
Throw on hamess, give strap quick jerk.
Heap strong push and get to work.
An', maybe^so, at Indian fair.
War Bow say, "Me sure be there.
You bet me take 'em lots of prize.
Coin' show it punkin' biggest size."
An' white man, no more goin' to say
"Indian can't make farmin' pay"
'Cause War Bow show how Indian can
Just same like neighbor, smart white man.
— Colony (OWa.) Courier.
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292
The Native American
Extracts from Graduating Essays
There are two classes of citizens, the good citizen and the bad
citizen. Which of the two do we want to follow? There are many
Oitizcnsllip reasons why I want to follow the example of the good citizens. First
of all I can help other people who are struggling and be kind to them
By Luke Anton, and try and do the things that are right and get out of the wrong things.
{Pima) Some people think that educated people make good citizens, but I tbink
that even people that have very little education will make good citizens
if they try very hard.
There are many Indians who are citizens, especially among the
eastern Indians. They pay taxes and go to school with the white
people. Down here in our own state there are only a few Indian citi-
zens. They try to follow what they have been taught in our schools.
They are living like white people. There are a great many homes that
are well kept, which shows that the girls are following their school
training.
Among the young men, things are improving on the farms, which
proves that the young men have shown their parents how to work at
their farms.
It is well to learn a trade and stick to it until you have learned it
so well that you can do anything in other shops, so that your employer
will be glad to have you and will be proud of you.
^^^
Domestic
Science
Domestic science is not only cooking and keeping house but it is
the art of doing these things in a hygienic and economical way. It is
a system which teaches a girl her duties.
The study of foods is important. A girl learns to prepare foods so
that they will benefit the body. She learns the tender and tough part
of meat and the different ways of cooking meats and vegetables. For
By Helen Shunk, instance, if we have a tough part of the meat and want it tender, we
(Sioux) should place the meat in a kettle of boiling water and let it boil for a
few minutes, then place it where it will not cook so fast. In making
bread one should be careful in mixing the sponge so that the bread vdll
rise well. To do these things well, one must keep her mind on them.
Things should be cooked so as to be easily digested.
The planning of meals is another important thing. Have certain
kinds of dishes for each meal.
In caring for foods one should have a clean, cool place. The
milk pails should be scalded with boiling water when cleaned, and well
aired. After the milk is strained it should be put in a cool place away
from the flies. It is in the milk that germs grow rapidly. When there
is any food left from one meal it should be put in a cool place and much
can be prepared in a different way for the next meal.
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Mav 30, 1914.
293
In housekeeping, keeping an account of houseliold articles is im-
portant so that you know the exact amount of money spent during the
months.
The care of children is another important thing.
In the early history of our country we find only Indians lived on
this great continent. Our ancestors were uncivilized people and had
School Lfifs ^^ nieans of educating their children except by handing down traditions
from generation to gen*^ration. But since the discovery of this country
By Dora Antone, the European brought his civilization to our shores and schools have
(Pima) been built to educate the Indians. God created all men equal, so I am
sure He means for every man to develop his powers and to use his
knowledge to be of some good in the world.
We are in school at present receiving an education from our gener-
ous Government. We have well equipped shops of different kinds where
our boys receive splendid training and many have gone out into the
world and are making good livings. The girls are being trained in house-
hold duties
Our school life starts sometimes at the age of seven, eight or nine
years in the Government schools, many of us not knowing a word of
English. That is the reason why we do not go as fast in our studies as the
white childrenifor they already know the language. During our stay at
school we are making preparations for the future. From our point of
view, school life has done a great deal for us and for the betterment of
our race. For this we are thankful and we will try to show what kind
of training we have had here after we are thrown on our own resources.
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The Native American
The Native Amewcan
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, at Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. CCX5DMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
Lester Pfiefer is working temporarily at
the power house.
The band played at the Shriners' parade
and celebration in Phoenix this week.
Mary Wilson and Jane Hayes left Tuesday
morning for their home in Idaho. Both are
from the sanatorium.
Harvier Cawker of Sacaton was a Phoenix
visitor this week, and was out at the sana-
torium to see Edward H. Wood.
A daughter was born May 20 to Mr. and
Mrs. Elmer B. Royce of Redlands, California.
Mrs. Royce will be remembered by friends at
the school as Miss Belle Smith.
Dr. Breid left Thursday evening to accom-
pany Emmett King, a sanatorium patient,
as far as Dallas, Texas, where he will be met
by friends and taken to his home in Okla-
homa.
Secretary Blaur of the Y. M. C. A. donated
a number of magazines from his reading
rooms this week for use at our school and
sanatorium, for which we extend thanks.
Mr. Grinstead, while making a trial run
on the new motorcycle recently sent for the
nse of the disciplinarian's office, tried a fly-
ing leap into a canal lateral last Saturday
evening and has been laid up with a lame
foot this week.
Mr. Klingenberg has taken possession of
the cottage formerly occupied by Mr. Jensen
and Mr. Pfiefer, the blacksmith, has moved
into the house formerly occupied by Mr.
Klingenberg.
X
Frank Downing, who has filled the position
of cook for several months was relieved
Monday morning when his regularly appoint-
ed success(»r went on duty. Mr. Downing has
done splendid work in the kitchen.
X
Mrs. Diven has taken the work as assist-
ant matron at the girls* home since she was
relieved from special duty as nurse at the
hospital. Miss Martinez will remain in the
diningroom the remainder of the year.
X
Miss Allen took her seventeen primary
pupils for a desert picnic Monday evening.
The band wagon was well filled with boys
and girls and good things to eat and it was
a satisfied but tired crowd that arrived home
at dusk.
X
Those affiliated with the First Baptist
church of Phoenix held their annual "get-to-
gether" meeting on the Indian School lawn
Tuesday evening at the invitation of Super-
intendent and Mrs. Goodman. Several hun-
dred were present and the occasion was
made more enjoyable by the band concert
given in honor of the visitors.
Sidney A. Monroe, brother of Miss Emma
' Monroe of the school, was married last Sat-
urday to Miss Zenia Russell. The wedding
occurred at the home of Dr. and Mrs. L D.
Dameron on North Fifth avenue and the
couple left the same evening for Prescott for
a brief honeymoon. They will make their
home in the city, Mr. Monroe being employed
at one of the local saddle and harness estab-
lishments. The bride was a teacher the past
year at Osborn school. Their friends are ex-
tending best wishes.
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Mag 30, 1914.
Farm Cottage Party
By Clara White Owl.
The Farm Cottage was the scene of much
jayety and revelry on Monday evening when
the gjrls entertained their friends. The
house and tables were decorated with sweet
peas and the graceful pepper leaves which
lend themselves so gracefully to the artistic
hand. It was a "Solomon Gundy" party,
each table playing its own game, but the
winner had to contest with all of the players.
the winners advancing to the higher table
and the losers going to a lower one. Prizes
were given — flowers and cake to the win-
ners; onions and potatoes to the less fortu-
nate players. Refreshments were served
consisting of sandwiches, iced tea, coffee,
cake and ice cream. The employees present
were Mrs. Scott, Mrs. Wittenmeyer, Mrs. Gill,
Mrs. Chiles, Mrs. Corwin, Miss Bidwell, and
Mr. Stacy who has as keen a scent for the
good things of life as a greyhound for the
hare. The boys present were Luke Anton,
Richard Tehuma, Charley Cedartree. Fred
John, Thomas James, Benedict Toahty, Isaac
Porter, Seth Oldman, Dan Kin^, Howard
Collins, William Pawnee, Howard Lasiloo,
Edward Flores, Walter Webb, Richard Wat-
son, John Winnerchy. Joseph Sneed, Solo-
mon Burns and Herman Ahsee.
Departmental Pupils Entertained
The departmental teachers, Mrs. Owsley,
Misses Hendrix, Phelps and Garton, gave a
party Saturday evening at the girls* home
for pupils of the fifth, sixth, seventh and
eighth grades. A number of contests made
a very interesting evening, the "sense" con-
test proving very popular, and the booths
where different articles could be guessed at
by feeling, tasting, smelling and rapid sight
were crowded until the contest closed. The
hesrring was tested by the playing on the
piano of a few measures of familiar songs.
Frank Whitman won the first prize for
boys, guessing all correctly, and Ida Sander-
son, missing only one, was awarded the girls*
prize. John Taylor and Daisy Tokespeta
won the banana-eating contest, and Fay
295
Mitchell, Helen Mukathut, Eschief Clark and
William Pawnee were first in the candy-
eating match.
Refreshments consisted of punch, ice
cream and cake.
Industrial Notes
Ricardo Padilla is building a tool chest for
exhibition at the San Francisco exposition.
The carpenter's detail is razing the broom
factory which will be replaced by a cottage.
The contractors are installing the electri-
cal work at the East Farm.
The mason's detail is repairing the con-
crete floors in the cow bam at the dairy.
Albert Poleesva is workmg on a pictorial
perspective sign for the Panama exposition.
Nelson Jose is making three oak library
tables at the carpenter shop for employees'
quarters.
The painter's detail is engaged in oiling
floors and painting at the two boys' buildings
and the girls' home.
The printers detail has just finished a
new edition of responsive readings for use
at the school and are now indexing the cuts
used in the Native American since its first
issue.
Dick McLean, John Howard, Walter Na-
tachaan and John McNary, wagon woodwork-
ers, and Don Atakuka, Shirly Dowahuga,
Silas Tenijietb, Howard Lasilo, blacksmiths,
are building a quarter size California wagon,
VA skein, for exhibition at the San Francisco
exposition.
The boys of the tinsmith and plumbing
detail are working on fly traps, tea kettles
and tubs for school use; have finished and
erected toilet booths at the large boys' home
made entirely from galvanized iron; have
installed a new lavatory in Mr. Klingenberg's
cottage, and are making a hand-made tea
kettle, sanitary dairy pail and a hipped sheet
metal skylight with ventilator on ridge; these
articles to be exhibited at the San Francisco
exposition.
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The Native American
A BP.AVE INDIAN GIRL
Lula Owl, of Cherokee, North Carolina,
whose father was a Cherokee Indian and
whose mother is a Catawba, told the story
of her mother's people before 2,000 people
who gathered recently at the Hampton
Institute anniversary exercises.
Through petty warfare among themselves
and the ravages of smallpox, the Catawbas
have been reduced to about ninety-nine and
now live on a reservation of a single square
mile, near Rock Hill, South Carolina.
The Catawba houses are poorly built. The
men earn their living by raising cotton, and
by cutting and selling wood to the towns-
people. The principal religion is Mormonism.
The ladians have been encouraged by the
Mormon elders to lead clean, moral lives.
The Owl family has a spotless record, but is
not connected with the Mormon faith.
There are on the reservation a small church
and a well-equipped schoolhouse. During
her last summer vacation Lula Owl took the
school for six weeks at request of the chief of
the tribe. By following the training she has
received at Hampton this Indian girl suc^
ceeded in arousing the interest of both chil-
dren and parents, and in raising the enroll'
ment from thirteen to thirty-two. This in-
creased attendance has influenced the Ca-
tawba people to extend the customary four
months* school term to nine months.
Four of the Owl family are now at Hamp-
ton bravely working their way through school
without any Government assistance. Some
will recall that the Government appropriation
for Indians at Hampton was withdrawn sev-
eral years ago.
FAMOUS SHORT STORY WRITER
Bowie Enterprise*
Few Arizonans know that one of the most
famous of living short story writers is a
resident of this state, but such is the case.
He is Leo Crane, now superintendent of the
Moqui Indian agency and reservation in
northern Arizona, with headquarters at
Keams Canon.
Mr. Crane was born in Baltimore and has
been doing literary work since 1900, when
his first short story was selected by the late
Prof. Harry Thurston Peck as winner of a
prize offered by a Baltimore newspaper.
Since then he has contributed 125 short
stories to practically all the leading Ameri-
can magazines.
Owing to a breakdown in health he came
to Arizona in 1910. Since taking charge of
the Hopi and Navaho Indians he has en-
deavored to improve health conditions among
them. As a result of his efforts, the Hopi
now have as complete and modern a hospi-
tal as there is in Arizona.
Mr. Crane's work on the reservation takes
up most of his time, but now and then the
writing fever strikes him and he produces
another of these powerful stories that have
made him famous.
The June number of the Arizona Maga-
zine contains on the cover a splendid half-
tone of Mrs. Thomas R Marshall, wife of the
Vice President. The picture is in illustra-
tion of an article on Scottsdale where Mrs.
Marshall's parents live and where the Vice
President and his wife are now building a
winter home.
Miss Jennie L Gaither departed Saturday
evening for Genoa, Nebraska, where she is
transferred as matron at the Indian school.
Miss Gaither formed a number of pleasant
ties at Phoenix, but in leaving she does not
feel like going into a strange place at Genoa
as she was employed there about six years
ago. She stopped at Grand Canyon enroute.
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Mag 30, 1914
2S(7
'TOO MUCH MUSTARD"
The Native American boys cleaned up in
the industrial detail baseball games last Fri-
day by "pieing" up the Blacksmith detail by
a score of 5 to 2.
Silas Tenijieth started in the box for the
Blacksmiths with his ambidextrous delivery
but he could not "feed 'em up" and the
Printers simply lay on everything he oflfered.
Frank Butler took his place but he hadn't
recovered from his previous experience with
the Printers. "Old Doc" Quail was there as
usual with plenty of smoke.
The features of the game were the home
run by Fay Mitchell in which he had to throw
Silas Tenijieth, who was coaching on third
base, out of his path, and that one of But-
ler's "shoots" hit Bent's bat, much to the
latter's surprise, and he had to be led to first
base. After the ball game the Blacksmiths
had not had enough so Charlie Reynolds and
Lemuel Yukku of the Printers took Fay
Mitchell and Harry Austin, a blacksmith's
sympathizer, on to the tennis courts and beat
them at that game.
As there are no more details looking for
trouble in the line of sports the season is
closed but the Printers will be there when
school opens with a baseball, football, bas-
ket ball, track or tennis team, prepared to
meet any of the industrial details.
SUMMER INSTITUTES
A schedule follows of the places and dates
of institutes to be held for Indian Service
employees:
Chilocco, Oklahoma, July 6 to July 18.
Flandreau, South Dakota, July 20 to
August 1.
Sherman Institute, California, July ?4 to
August 1.
Tomah. Wisconsin, August 3 to August 15.
Chemawa, Oregon, August 3 to August 15.
Santa Fe, New Mexico, August 17 to
August 29.
The Santa Fe (New Mexico) Institute is
to be held during the last weeks of August
in connection with a four weeks' summer
school to be conducted by the New Mexico
Institute of Science and Education, hence the
change of date.
Harvier Cawker, chief of the police on the
Pima reservation, was a caller at the school
on Tuesday.
Solon Jones of Sacaton is in Phoenix on
a visit to his wife who was operated on last
week at St. Joseph's hospital.
Hinkey Tosca, an Apache young man from
White River, is at the school hospital to be
operated on for trachoma
Several of the larger girls of the school
have gone outing for the summer this week.
They have places with families in Phoenix,
Prescott, Flagstafif and on the coast
Mr. Hammock has received transfer to
Pala agency in California and Mr. Waite,
the Pala farmer, will report at Phoenix for
duty on June first. Mr. Hammock left Fri-
day evening for his new field. He has been
identified with the various activities of this
school for more than three years and will be
missed by the "campus family" who wish
him every success in his new work.
R. A. Perry has been transferred from the
position of engineer at the pumping station
at Santan to chief engineer at Phoenix In-
dian school and will report for duty the first
of June. Mr. Perry was employed here some
eleven years ago. There being no cottage
vacant the family will remain in their city
home for the present.
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The Native American
FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
LOWER BRULE. SOUTH DAKOTA
Brule liuttler.
Charles lyong Fish has been offered the po-
sition of farmer at the White Earth Indian
school in Minnesota at a salary of $600 a year.
The /bustler offers congratulations.
We are hearing all kinds of remarks about a
physician for Lower Brule. If someone doesn't
come pretty soon we are going to learn how
to keep well without the aid of medicine.
Charles ly. Davis, supervisor of farminfif, on
May 16 relieved Supt, John H. Scriven of Rose-
bud agency, who resigned from the work there
some time ago. It will be up to Rosebud to
"grow things'* this year with all the rain we
have had and a supervisor of farming in
charge.
Miss Pearl Bartholomeau, assistant matron at
Tomah, Wisconsin, until her transfer and pro-
motion to the position of laundress, arrived
here May 1 and has taken hold ot her new
work in fine shape.
There are rumors that S. A. M. Youngr,
supervisor of this district, has received a pro-
motion— anyhow that is the way his family look
at it — to an agency where he can sing **Hoine
Sweet Home" daily, instead of monthly.
PIPESTONE SCHOOL, MINNESOTA
Peace Pipe.
Superintendent Royce of the Wahpeton
school made this school a visit Thursday.
From here he went to Flandreau.
Mr. Gayle, the new farmer, who is trans-
ferred here from Shiprock, New Mexico, ar-
rived on the first. He is getting acquainted
with his work very nicely.
The Sioux Falls college baseball team came
and played a game with our boys who defeated
them without much trouble. The score was
9 to 3.
Thursday afternoon the Pipestone High
school baseball team received a severe drub-
bing at the hands of the Pipestone Indians.
The score was 20 to 0« Johnson King made
two home runs and Charley Berry one.
Mr. Sears, who has been employed here for
the past four or five years in the capacity of
shoe and harness maker, has resigned to go into
business for himself. He is organizing an In-
dian baseball team to be known a^ the Oglala
Indians with which he intends to make an ex-
tended tour of the east this summer.
RIVERSIDE CALIFORNIA
Sherman Bulletin.
Mr. and Mrs. Sullivan of Tuba, Arizona, left
Sunday. Mr, Sullivan has severed his con-
nection with the Indian Service.
J. F. Singleton, official photographer for an
eye specialist in the Indian Service, recently
located at the Flandreau school in South
Dakota, is passing his annual leave with his
family in Arlington.
Miss Mary G. Arnold, clerk and stenographer
in the superintendent's office, will leave Sun-
day for her home in eastern Virginia.
CHILOCCO, OKLAHOMA
Indian School Journal.
Miss Sophia Wind is a new teacher. She
was appointed April 1 to take the position
filled by Miss Maude Allison, who has re-
signed.
Mr. Carruthers and members of his depart-
ment are at work installing a burglar alarm
in Home Four. It is a quite a job but good
practice for the students.
Mrs. Alice T. Louthan has been transferred
from the Southern Ute school to Chilocco as
teacher. She succeeds Miss Berry, who re-
signed last month, and has the first, second
and third grade specials.
In a letter to the Journal J. Grant Bell, re-
cently assistant farmer here, gives his address
as Gotebo, Oklahoma, and says that he thinks
he will like the work there as soon as he gets
acquainted with the Indians. He is boarding
at Rainy Mountain school.
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Map 30, 1914
299
FLANDREAU SOUTH DAKOTA
WtMy Review.
Frank O. Qeran has arrived from Oklahoma
and entered on duty as engineer.
Dr. R. R. Cro^ of Cheyenne River agency
has been transferred to a post in the regular
army and has gone to Tucson, Arizona, to re-
port for duty.
Dr. Shoemaker and Mr. Singleton left for
Sisseton recently where they will make an
official visit, probably proceeding from there
to other schools before returning here.
' A nurnber of India'n ball players who have
been gathering at Flandreau left this week
for Pipestone where they will organize an all
Tddian ball team and tour the northwestern
states under the management of Vincent Sears,
recently employed at the Pipestone school.
• Mis3 Evaline Gaw arrived here Wednesday
and has assumed charge of the third grade
school room, relieving Mrs. Harris who has
been temporarily in charge since the depart-
ure of Miss Blue several weeks ago. Miss Gaw
is an experienced teacher and is welcomed as
a member of our force.
Annuity checks are coming in from the res-
ervations of Minnesota and South Dakota and
as a result pupils are beginning to tog up pre-
paratory to going home for the summer vaca-
tion. The amount received from Red Xake
is $61.57, from Cheyenne River, $10.00, and
Rosebud $9.00, per capita.
A Washington press dispatch under date of
May 19 says that resignations of Moses Fried-
man, superintendent, and S. J. Nori, chief clerk,
of the Carlisle Indian school, have been accepted
by Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
Two persons holding minor positions at the
school were transferred, and another was re-
moved.
CHEMAWA. OREGON
Cfumawa American.
' Mr. Mann informs us that he is now in pos-
session of a lot of modern conveniences and
fixtures for his blacksmith shop and when they
are all installed he will have a shop second to
Aone in the service.
Mrs. J. L. Johnson arrived at Chemawa
since our last issue and is now thoroughly
identified as one of us. She came here from
Montana. We extend her a cordial welcome
and trust that she may like it here.
Dr. John N. Steele, missionary for the In-
dian Service, recently passed a week at Che-
mawa, devoted to religious work. It goes with-
out saying that Dr. Steele has become a prime
favorite with our people who esteem more
and more his good intent and his ability. He
has the good wishes of us all, no matter where
his lot is cast.
Raymond Ready writes us from Seattle,
Washington, that he has settled down to busi-
ness and has a good situation in a priutshop in
the Sound city. We are pleased to note this.
Raymond was a "devil** (a real one, too,) in our
office for a considerable time but we forgive
his past sins.
FORT TOTTEN, NORTH DAKOTA
Fwl TotUn Review.
Sixty rifles have been received this month.
F. W. Blake is visiting the Fort. He was
clerk here for twenty-three years.
Word from Miss Gaw says that she has been
offered a clerkship at the Flandreau Indian
school.
The carpenters in charge of Mr. Stitt have
just installed two modern fire escapes at the
Gre:y Nuns' departirient. They are our own
manufacture and are the latest;
Mr. and Mrs. Roger Parkhill are the proud
parents of a fine boy who arrived on May
11 Grahafathef Parkhill id seriously consider-
ing his vocational training and will probably
have him spend a few of his earlier years at
least in the power house.
Mr. Picard had a severe attack of appendi-
citis on May 10, lasting a couple of days. He
was back at his desk again on May 13.
Several head of heifers from our dairy stock
died recently. The malady is not well known
but seems to be from lead poisoning. The
trouble is not fully ascertained.
Some excellent harness are being shipped to
the Yuma school in Arizona, Mr. Farris and
his boys doing the work.
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Thi Native American
SCHOOLROOM NOTES
Seventh Grade A
Solomon Ueupp is the first boy that went on
his vacation for the summer on account of his
heallh.
Many of the boys are expecting to go out-
ing next month.
We seventh A pupils are now preparing for
our examination in geography.
In our grammar class we are learning how
to answer or write advertisements.
The boys at the blacksmith shop are glad
that they are through cutting iron for con-
crete at the East Farm.
Fifth Grade A
Bast Farm boys and girls are glad to have a
tank at East Farm. I think they'll get through
in two weeks.
There has been too much work at the East
Farm and some of the farm boys from here
are helping them out this week.
Mr. Grinstead, who dived into the canal with
his motorcycle, is getting along nicely at his
house. I hope he will be out soon.
John Taylor is getting to be an expert black-
smith. He says he can make anything. He
shoes horses and does all kinds of iron work.
We are glad to learn that mosquitoes are germ
carriers and we will try to keep ourselves free
from mosquitoes.
I hope the pupils that are to go home this
summer will follow what they have learned at
the school and help to do up the work at home
and enjoy themselves at the same time.
The sewing room girls are busy making aprons
and work dresses for the girls that are going
outing this summer.
JUDGE KITTRELL ON THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC
The following paragraphs contain the strong
sentimentof Judge Norman G.Kittrell of Texas:
"More than ten years' experience on the bench
has proven to me that a very large proportion
of divorce cases have their origin in liquor.
"Times almost without number women have
proved before me beyond all controversy that
their husbands, crazed by drink, beat them and
their children again and again, and often drove
them out in the street half clad and hungry.
"I assert that the responsibility rests upon
the man or men who made the liquor, who con-
verted grain which Grod gave men for bread to
give strength and sustain life, into a beverage
which poisons their bodies, dethrones their rea-
son and damns their souls.
"Those who made the liquor knew it would
produce just the result it did produce.
"Only God and the judges of the courtsknow
how many hearts are broken, how many homes
are darkened, how many lives are blighted,
and how many innocent children are made to
suffer because husbands and fathers are de-
bauched by liquor which the Government in
exchange for money gives men the right to
make and sell.
"If the evidence in even half of the divorce
cases in Texas could be published, the people
would be aroused to a realization of the sorrow
and suffering brought to so many homes and
lives by liquor.
"They would come to know that every man
who converts grain into liquor is a foe to so-
ciety, humanity, and to God^as he is.
"I have in the last ten years heard enough
of the fearful results of liquor-making and
liquor-drinking to almost lead me to believe in
the doctrine of total depravity and eternal
damnation, because nothing but total deprav-
ity could prompt men to brew a poisonous,
debauching, maddening beverage for gain,
and nothing but eternal hell can atone for it.
"There are those who will say I use unduly
strong language. To those I answer: They
have not heard what I have heard; they have
not listened day in and day out to stories of
brutality and cruelty born of liquor as I have
listened, and they have not looked upon the
bruised and blackened faces of helpless wo-
men as I have looked; they have not heard
over and over of liquor's brutal and bloody work
as I have.'
"There are others who will say that the
Government cannot afford to lose the revenue
from liquor. That is not so, and even if it were
no such consideration should be allowed to
influence the action of any man in dealing
with a great economic and moral question.
"I have presided over the trials in many crimi-
nal cases, and I know that if liquor was driven
from Texas, five-sixths of the expense of court
and prisons would be saved, and Texas would
not need the revenue from liquor."
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1q VLwh Ig
There is a land, so I've heard tell
Where nothing's ever done;
TTie people who therein do dwell
No work have yet begun.
"Tomorrow" is the watchword here.
And "pretty soon" the cry
The name of ihis unpleasant land?—
The Land of By and By.
Procrastination here is king;
He rules with a high hand.
But makes no laws or anything
To benefit the land.
The lessons they are never learned —
No use to question why —
And chores are left unfinished in
The Land of By and By.
And if YOU put things ofl^ and say
You'll do them pretty soon.
And shirk your tasks fi-om day to day.
Perhaps some afternoon.
They'll take YOU ofl^tothisbad land-
No friend will heed your cry—
And there is no Tomorrow in
The Land of By and By.
— Chicago Intef'Ocean.
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Scene in Canyon DeChelley, Navaho Reservation
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OJLyl *'^0T FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE*' P' A" JUI
THE NATIVE AMERICAN W
DnoUd to Indian Education | 1 |l| i 1]
Volume tS
June 6, 1914
9{umber23
Joint Pvesolution
Introducedinthe House of Representatives, December t Oft 91 3 1
by Congressman Richmond P* Hobson
On the same date the resolution was also introduced in the
Senate by Senator Morris Sheppard
Proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of the United States,
Whereas exact scientific research has demonstrated that alcohol
is a narcotic poison, destructive and degenerating to the human organ-
ism, and that its distribution as a beverage or contained in foods lays
a staggering economic burden upon the shoulders of the people, lowers
to an appalling degree the average standard of character of our citizen-
ship thereby undermining the public morals and the foundation of free
institutions, produces widespread crime, pauperism, and insanity, inflicts
disease and untimely death upon hundreds of thousands of citizens and
blights with degeneracy their children unborn, threatening the future
integrity and the very life of the Nation: Therefore be it Resolved by the
Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America
in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein),
That the following amendment of the Constitution be, and hereby is,
proposed to the states, to become valid as a part of the Constitution
when ratified by the legislatures of the several states as provided by
the Constitution.
Section 1. The sale, manufacture for sale, transportation for sale,
importation for sale, and exportation for sale of intoxicating liquors for
beverage purposes in the United States and all territory subject to the
jurisdiction thereof are forever prohibited.
Section 2. Congress shall have power to provide for the manufac-
ture, sale, importation and transportation of intoxicating liquors for
sacramental, medicinal, mechanical, pharmaceutical or scientific pur-
poses or for use in the arts, and shall have power to enforce this article
by all needful legislation.
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304
The Native American
Cato Sells
The new freedom to which President
Wilson 80 frequently refers is not only thei
product of the ideals and hopes of those
directing the affairs of the nation, but it is
also the burden of the actions and compe-
tence of the new men in office. Hopes
might be ever so bright and intentions ever
so good, but in the result failure, ever lurk-
ing in the shadows of success, might present
itself to view and stand disgustingly ex-
hibiting its craven self.
To ward against such direful ends, Presi-
dent Wilson has seen it necessary to equip
his administration with such men who are
tried and true and whose democracy is as
unchallenged as the conclusions at mathe-
matics.
No man in public life today has a more
intimate relationship with the administra-
tion in Washington than Hon. Cato Sells,
U. S. Indian (Commissioner. No man has
been so useful to an administration and here-
tofore has not been the recipient of a cabinet
portfolio. Sells does not find a high sound-
ng title necessary to a devoted and efficient
service to his country. His ability to serve
is only exceeded by his desire to continue
to serve. No man could work more faith-
fully and more intelligently than does Mr.
Sells. His stewardship over the affairs of
thousands and thousands of Indians and his
jurisdiction in matters most intimate to the
morals and general welfare of tens of thou-
sands of human souls has been always an
example for future Indian commissioners to
follow.
Wilson has chosen wisely and well. The
President has discovered one who has both
the capacity and the willingness to serve.
He has dismissed all others with those fine
words we have so frequently listened to:
Hollow meo, like horses hot at hand.
Make gallant show in promise of their mettle.
But when they should endure the bloody spnr
They fall their crests
And like deceitful jades —
Sink in the trial. —Tulsa DemocraU
Frank Seoniket has been transferred from
Fort Defiance, Ariz., to Keshena, Wisconsin.
Miss White left Friday evening for the
Garden of Allah, near Wickenburg, where
she will spend part of her annual leave.
Rev. Claude Jones of the Christian church
will fill the appointment of Rev. Mr. Fray of
the Lutheran church at the Sunday after-
noon service.
George H. Gebby, formerly in charge of
the mission work at McDowell, has lately
been appointed to a place in the department
of suppression of liquor on Indian reserva-
tions. Mr. Gebby was at the school hospital
a few days this week. Mrs. Gebby and
children are passing the summer with rela-
tives in Ohio.
If your subscription is due just remember
to send in a quarter before you go on your
summer vacation, so the Native American can
finish up the year with a paid up list.
Dr. Breid returned Wednesday evening
from Dallas, Texas, to which point he escorted
Emmett King, a sanatorium patient Em-
mett stood the trip fairly well and was met
at Dallas by Mr. Bentley who accompanied
him to his home at Eufaula.
Clarence Tinker, a Navaho boy who has
been a patient at the sanatorium this year
died Thursday afternoon. Everything possi-
ble was done to combat the disease but it
seemed to have taken too strong a hold on
his constitution. His East Farm friends
sympathize with his relatives on the reser^
vation.
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June 6, 1914
305
Famous Pianist Decries the Use of Alcohol
The importance of total abstinence from
the use of intoxicating beverages lias been
forcefully brought to our attention by the
celebrated German virtuoso. Emil Sauer. in
the following statement:
"I have often had people say to me after
the performance of some particularly brilliant
number: 'Ah, you must have taken a bottle
of champagne to give a performance like this!*
Nothing could be farther from the truth. A
half bottle of beer would ruin a recital for me.
The habit of taking alcoholic drinks with the
idea that they lead to a more fiery perform-
ance is a dangerous custom that has been the
ruin of more than one pianist. The per-
former who would be at his best must live a
very careful, abstemious life. Any unnatural
excess is sure to lead to his downfall with
the public. Over and over again I have seen
this happen, and have watched alcohol tear
down in a few years what had taken decades
of hard practice and earnest study to build."
If one would climb to virtuoso heights in
any profession, he cannot afford to poison
his mind and body with alcohol. — Union
Signal
Beware of the Special Interests
The liquor interests wage their contest on
the lowest level and are most powerful be-
cause of their ability to debauch those whom
they control. No man is in a position to
discharge his duties as he ought to who takes
orders from them, and they can generally
control those to whom they give office. The
saloon is a nuisance; even its defenders can
not say more in its behalf than it is a neces-
sary nuisance. It ought to be dealt with
as a nuisance and not as a thing to be re-
spected or feared. It is a horrible indict-
ment against a community to say of it that
it is not free to act on the liquor question
as it pleases — that its officials can be bullied
and intimidated by those who set mantraps
for young men and conspire against moral-
ity. There is scarcely a representative in
any state legislature who does not have to
deal constantly with the liquor question.
How can a representative of the brewery or
distillery act with fairness or impartiality?
Every member of Congress, every senator,
every executive, has this question constantly
before him; how can he be true to his con-
science and to the public if he owes his ele-
vation to those who despoil citizenship and
degrade civilization? — The New Republic
Charles Laws was called home this week
by the death of his father at Gila Crossing.
Father Juan of San Xavier and Father
Bonaventure of Tucson were callers at the
school this week.
Dr. Sims, agency physician at Gila Cross-
ing and Maricopa, was a caller at the hos-
pital Wednesday.
tilr. and Mrs. Eugene Hayes were at the
school Thursday. Eugene has a farm near
Casa Blanca on the Pima reservation. He
is a returned Carlisle student and his wife
was a student at Phoenix twenty years ago.
The Native American printing presses have
been overhauled this week.
Mrs. Moon and her boys left this week for
the home of their grandparents in Kansas.
They traveled as far as Newton with Mr
and Mrs. J. 0. Sipes of Central avenue who
are returning to their Kansas home.
Miss Keck has returned from Sacaton
where she visited in connection with the
summer institute work.
Major Grinstead is improving and will
soon able to resume his duties at the disci-
plinarian's office.
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306
The Native American
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GCXDDMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at th«
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVES OKNTS A YEAR
Walter Goodman of Prescott spent Satur-
day and Sunday with his parents.
Miss Monroe is acting head matron since
the transfer of Miss Gaither to Genoa, Neb-
raska.
Johnson McAfee went to the reservation
Wednesday morning to attend the funeral of
Solomon Leupp.
X
Supt Edson Watson of Klamath agency,
Oregon, is leaving the service and Supervisor
Willian B. Freer will succeed him.
Frank Spawn, a Mohave Indian who has
been working out at Wickenberg, came to
the school hospital Tuesday to have a dis-
location of the shoulder reduced and treated.
Supt. Charles E. Shell of Truxton Canon
school was a caller here Wednesday while
enroute to the southern part of the state to
buy range cattle for his reservation.
The Nez Perce Indian is a new little In-
dian Service paper printed at Lapwai, Idaho.
Number 1 of volume 1 has reached our desk
and proves to be a neat specimen of printer's
art.
The State Normal school at Terape, Ari-
zona, is holding its twenty-seventh annual
commencement this week. The graduating
address will be delivered by Governor George
W. P. Hunt.
Contra Lewis, one of the school girls work-
ing out in town, has been at the hospital
during the week on account of an attack of
rheumatism.
Mr. and Mrs. F. H. Moore and Harvey
Thackery of Sacaton were at the school a
few minutes Wednesday while over on busi-
ness at Phoenix. Mr. and Mrs. Thackery
accompanied them as far as Phoenix.
Mrs. Kate E. Harvey, who resigned here
this spring as seamstress, has been reinstated
in the Indian Service s^nd returned to Pine
Ridge, South Dakota.
a:
The club diningroom was again crowded
last Sunday, among the visitors being Mrs.
Moon and two sons and Mrs. Diven and son.
Mr. Moncravy was the guest of Mr. and Mrs.
Gilbert Davis and Miss Monroe's guests were
her brother, S. A. Monroe, and bride.
Antonio Pallan, a former student, wishes
to be remembered to old friends at Phoenix
Indian school. He has been for two years
with one of the largest job printing plants in
Los Angeles and says he is now head com-
positor.
a:
E. W. Hudson and son Hugh were at the
school Wednesday. They made the trip
from Sacaton in his new Overland automo-
bile. Mr. Hudson reports the cotton-raising
industry on the Pima reservation to be in
good condition, with prospects for an excel-
lent crop.
a:
Miss Elsa A. Mayham. girls' matron, left
last Saturday morning for her home in New
York, going via the Panama canal. She was
accompanied by Mrs. Estelle Armstrong, who
recently resigned from her position as clerk
at Sacaton, Pima agency, and is returning
to her eastern home for an indefinite stay.
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^une 6, 1914
307
Several interesting changes are reported
in the Indian Service in Arizona. Dr. J. J.
Taylor of Supai succeeds Supt. Taylor P.
Gabbard at Camp Verde, and Mr. Gabbard
comes to Sacaton as principal. Mr. Ward,
who has been principal at Sacaton for several
years, becomes chief clerk of the Pima agency.
Mr. and Mrs. Francisco Harvier of Saca-
ton were callers at the school the first of the
week. They were here on a visit to their
daughter, Annie Harvier, who has been a
patient at the school sanatorium for a year
and a half. Annie's health is much im-
proved and she expects to go home for the
summer.
Supervisor Otis B. Goodall was at the school
a short time Monday enroute to Salt River
and McDowell. Mr. Goodall had time to
make a hurried visit to the classrooms and
departments and greatly enjoyed seeing some-
thing of the work of the Phoenix school.
Superintendent Coe of Salt River came in the
afternoon and took the supervisor to the
reservation.
Mr. and Mrs. Marion E. Waite arrived
Sunday morning from Pala, California, and
Mr. Waite at once took his position of farmer.
He has been expert farmer at Cahuiila agency
for four years. Until other quarters are
available they will room in the second story
of the new office building and take their
meals at the club.
Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Patton of Santan were
at the school Monday and Tuesday, called
here by the critical condition of their daugh-
ter, Ruth Patton, a patient at the tubercu-
losis sanatorium. She died on Tuesday.
She was at the sanatorium only two weeks,
though she had been failing in health for
several months at her home. Julia Patton
and Emma Enas accompanied the remains
to the reservation, where the funeral serv-
ices were held. The Patton family have the
sympathy of their many friends in their
bereavement.
Superintendent and Mrs. Goodman were
at home to the campus people and a few
former Indian school friends on Tuesday
evening. The lawn was prettily decorated
with Japanese lanterns and the comfortable
seats here and there beneath the trees added
to the cordial welcome of the host and host-
ess. Punch was served in the diningroom
by Miss Fowler and several musical numbers
were furnished by Miss Jessie Wade and Miss
Ernestine Venne.
Death Claims Another Pima Boy
Both pupils and employees were shocked
Wednesday morning at news of the death
of Solomon Leupp, another Pima boy who
has been for so many years identified with
the Phoenix Indian school. Solomon's health
began to fail several years a^o and he was
not only advised against remaining in school
but has been dismissed and sent home more
than once. Entering here as he did, how-
ever, when a very small boy, so much of his
life had been spent at the school that he
always returned in a few weeks and asked
to be taken back.
While it was noticed he was again failing
a short time ago, it was thought that a va-
cation would improve his condition, and his
death came as a shock to us. His people
live at Gila Crossing, where his burial took
place. He was of a friendly disposition and
was a good boy in school.
Improvements at Hospital
General repairs and improvements have
been begun at the school hospital. A new
operating room is to be made, cement put
in, a new kitchen and porch-kitchen built,
dining room enlarged, and other changes are
in the plan, all of which will make the hos-
pital mor^ modern and convenient.
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308
The Native American
FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
TRUXTON CANON SCHOOL, VALENTINE, ARIZONA
By Special Correspondent.
The musical entertainment given in the hall
of Truxton Canon school, Valentine, Arizona,
on the evening of May 10 was largely attended
by people from Hackberry, Crozier and the
mines and when the children were all seated
there was but very little space left. All were
well pleased with the program which is here-
with given:
Flute solo— Innocent March of the Pickaninnies
Sumner B. Taft
Banjo solo— Down in Dear Old New Orleans Dr. L. D. Riggs
Tenor solo— Robin Adair Mr. M orrU
Banjo solo— Valse Mauve Dr. L. D. Riggs
Reading— My Poem to You Mr. Morris
Flute solo— Listen to the Mocking Bird Sumner B. Taft
Banjo solo— I'm the Guy Dr. L. D. Riggt
Accompanist, Mrs. L. D. Riggs
Mr. Willis of Texas, a new appointee in the
service as superintendent of livestock, has re-
ported for duty and will look after the Govern-
ment cattle that have recently been purchased
for the Walapai Indians.
Supt. Charles E. Shell, after an absence of
Truxton Canyon School, Arizona.
Mr. Morris
Miss Ada Bacon
Mrs. Cleve Walker
Tenor solo— (a) The Gypty Trail
(b) The Elf Man
Piano solo— The Wayside Chapel
Reading— I Ain't Going to Cry No Mo'
Aooordeon solo— The Home Over There
Supt. Charles E. Shell
Piano duet— Selected Mesdames Hartin and Riggs
Flute solo— Jolly Waltz Sumner B. Taft
Banjo solo— I'll Get You Dr. L. D. Riggs
Reading— That Little Dog Mr. Morris
Piano solo— The Shepherd Boys' Evening Song
Miss Mary Bacon
Aooordeon solo— Captain Jinks Supt. Charles E. Shell
Vocal solo— Selected Mrs. Cleve Walker
Flute solo— First Love Polka Redowa Sumner B. Taft
three weeks in Oklahoma on official business,
arrived home Wednesday. He left again
Tuesday to inspect cattle at Naco, Arizona,
which have been purchased for the reserva-
tion.
Miss Olive Ford had as her guest recently
her nieces from Santa Fe, New Mexico, who
stopped for a day enroute to the coast cities.
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Peacore left Monday for
Oklahoma, the home of the latter, for their
vacation. They will visit Haskell Institute
•nroute.
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^une 6, 1914
309
Miss L/illian Padgett of Worthington, In-
diana, who was recently appointed kinder-
gartner at this place, has arrived and assumed
her duties. Miss Wheelock, who supplied the
teraporarj vacancy, gave evidence of careful
training for the work.
Joe Shell, lateof the University of California,
is a guest of his parents, Superintendent and
Mrs. Shell.
Supervisor Goodall left us Sunday for Phoe-
nix and Salt River. Wc all enjoyed his stay
very much.
We had the record breaking rain of the sea-
son June 2. Everything was flooded.
A concert was given in the chapel by various
employees Sunday evening, May 10. Visitors
were present from Copper Giant and Walkover
mines, Hackberry and Crozier.
Dr. Riggs attended the Mohave county medi-
cal society in Kingman Wednesday evening.
Preparations are on for the closing exercises
and, from all accounts, they will be very in-
teresting.
LEECH LAKE AGENCY, MINNESOTA
By Special Correspondent,
The Grovernment boat O-jib-way was launched
and made her Arst trip of the season May 2.
All were certainly glad to cross the lake again
by water as the winter has been long and severe
and the ice was slow going out this year.
The agency farmer is quite busy as so many
Indians need attention all at once.
Mrs. John F. Geigoldt was quite sick during
the month of March.
Mr. and Mrs. William Keiting and daughter
Gayle have returned to their home in Minne.
apolia after a five weeks' visit with Mrs. Kiet-
ing^'s sister, Mrs John F. Geigoldt.
Francis Manley and family resigned from
the Indian Service, May 16, and went into the
anotmobile business for himself at Arbana,
Iowa.
Verne Hodges, accompanied by his family,
has arrived from Walker and taken up the
duties of marine engineer.
Dr. Louis B. Castell resigned from the Indian
service March 17.
Dr. Wilcox of Walker is temporary agency
physician.
Walter L. Resbol, principal of the Leech Lake
school, resigned from the Indian Service May
22.
Miss Rose Lyons, a Carlisle graduate, is now
our assistant matron.
Mrs. A. C. A. Bortells and son Harold are
visiting her parents in Jersey City.
Auston R. True, school engineer, resigned
from the Indian Service, May 10, and returned
to his home near Columbus, Ohio.
Fishing is the order of the day here.
TOLEDO, IOWA
MesQuakie Booster.
Bids are being secured on a new office build-
ing and plans are in course of completion for
a central heating plant for this institution.
James Berger has been appointed dairyman
at the sanatorium, and J. H. Stall is serving
temporarily in the position of general mechanic.
Miss Carrie E. Beers, New Haven, Indiana,
has been appointed to the position of teacher
at the sanatorium.
With a dishwasher, a potato paring machine
and a dough mixer, the work of the culinary
department will be materially lightened.
Twenty-seven patients are enrolled at the
sanatorium with more enroute.
MISSIONARY PvEPOPvT, STEWART, NEVADA
Nevada American.
Stewart, Nevada, April 1, 1914.
My dear Mrs. Westfall:
The time has come for another annual report
— and how I dislike them. Toaay that I have
attended 305 meetings, made 480 calls and
given 206 addresses or talks means nothing to
the majority of people. The skeleton must be
clothed with flesh and blood and made to walk
before them. They must see the men and
women, the boys and girls who have attended
these meetings and listened to the talks. To
them they are Indians with war paint and
feathers or miserable creatures living in filth
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The Native American
and rags with a blanket or handkerchief tied
over their heads. To me they are friends,
men and women, boys and girls, brothers and
sisters, clothed, many of them, in belter taste
and certainly with more modesty than Dame
Fashion this season has decreed for their
white sisters who call themselves civilized,
even Christianized. If you could visit in the
camps on Saturdays you would discover that
they were wash days, for both men and women
as well as the children must have clean clothes
to wear to the church house on Sunday.
Cleanliness is next to Godliness we are told.
If so, our Indians are that far along, at least
on Sunday.
To have the calls mean anything to our
good friends they must see the little one-room
cabins that serve as kitchen, diningroom bed-
room, sitting room, bath room and store room
for the whole family, and often their friends.
Are they clean you ask? Yes and no. The
majority arc as clean as most white women
would be under the circumstances.
The missionary must also be seen as she
goes out with her castor oil, eye water and
what not and tries to give relief and help to
sick ones, in spite of the medicineman. Talk
about **faith cure**— the faith these peopie
have in the old medicine man*s noise is mar-
velous and it is quite as often rewarded with
healing as the faith of some others I have
known.
The greater part of the year I have rotated
from Stewart to Reno, to Fallon, and back
again to Stewart, giving most of the time to
Fallon and Stewart. In addition to the other
work I have had a house built at Stewart, and
since January 1 I have been spending my
time there. The tables are turned — instead of
my making calls I am receiving now. There
are very few hours of the dayor evening when
there are not some of the boys or girls here,
playing games, reading or looking at pictures
and we trust being drawn to higher and better
things and especially to the Christ.
Trips have been made to Lovelocks and to
Mason and we are planning to give more time
to these places the coming year.
Christmas as always took much of our time
and strength. Thanks to the good friends in
the east and the west we were able to carry
good cheer to nearly 900 Indians in the differ-
ent places, There were six Christmas trees.
We are grateful to the superintendent and
other Government employees for their good
will and helpfulness.
Sincerely yours,
ULUE R. CORWIN.
FLANDKEAU, SOUTH DAKOTA
Wukly Review,
The rain of last Saturday evening was the
heaviest for several years, over three inches
of water falling during the evening. The
water that came down from the field north of
the campus flooded the basement of the ware-
house several inches deep and men and boys
were kept on the jump for a time in order to
protect supplies from damage and get rid of
the water.
Dr. Shoemaker and family left yesterday
after several months* stay with us. The doc-
tor has made Flandreau his official head-
quarters while working in this section of the
country, and all have enjoyed his presence
here very much. The Shoemaker family went
from here to Chicago where the doctor will
take his annual leave of absence and attend
medical and surgical clinics at several hospi-
tals.
That the work of our school is fully equal to
that of the public schools of the state is evi-
dent from the result of the recent eighth
grade examination. The questions used were
those sent out by the state superintendent of
public schools, to be used for the final exami-
nation. Thirty-four of our eighth grade pupils
took the examination, every one of whom made
a passing grade. The highest average was
98.5 and the lowest 82.
The Indian Office has approved anew coarse
of study for Flandreau which adds two years*
work to that done in the past, which was but
an eight grade course. The new coarse will
take up work similar to that of an agricultural
high school, paying special attention to agri-
culture, manual training and household eco-
nomics. There is to be no graduating class
this year as it is not intended to graduate any
more pupils who do not complete the full
course. However, those pupils who finish the
eighth grade will be given certificates of award
the same as is customary in the public schools
of most states.
Thursday evening was the occasion of a very
pleasant gathering at the domestic science
room, when Mr. and Mrs. Carr, Mrs. Compeau,
Misses Malley, Davis, Pendergast and Thomp-
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■June 6, 1914
311
son entertained at six o'clock dinner in honor
of Dr. Shoemaker and family who left this
morning for Chicago. Other invited .guests
were Superintendent Peirce and family, Mr.
Voy and Miss Tina Pendergast. A bountiful
meal which had been prepared by the domestic
science class was served amid appropriate
decorations, after which the evening was spent
in social intercourse.
A press item from Sisseton states that Super-
intendent Allen has resigned his position as su-
perintendent at Sisseton agency and will prob-
ably be succeeded by E. D, Mossman, princi-
pal of the boarding school there. Superin-
endent Allen has been very successful as
superintendent there and has without doubt
done more to bring the Sisseton people Into a
self-supporting^ respectable commuitity than
all of his predecessors during the last quarter
of a century combined. It is hoped that the
report that he is to be followed by Mr. Moss-
man is true, for he has been at Sisseton under
the supervision of Mr. Allen for a number of
years, and with his experience elsewhere is
without doubt well qualiAed to successfully
carry on the work of the reservation.
SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO
The program of the graduating exercises
and the third oratorical contest at the Santa
Fe Indian industrial school, Thursday evening,
May 28, was as follows:
Song—The Weaver Ueurance
(jraduaCe Oration— The Needs of an Edacation
Rosendo Vargas
Oratorical Contest
Chorus— Away to the Woods Away
ToQssaint L'Ouverture
The Innocent Traveling Salesman
Boat song
Severiano Montoya
Vicente Portero
Girls' trio
Mrs. Flllisy's Burglar Alarm
Too Late for the Train
Crow song
Uncle Dan'l's Apparition
The Sub-Mascot
Judges* decision
PresenUtion of Diplomas
Indian Love Song
Academic Graduate
Trades Graduate in Tailoring
Sewing Department Graduate
Domestic Science Graduate
Judges— Atty. Francis C. Wilson. Rev. Leonidas W. Smith and
Brother H. Edward
Marie Osa
Agadita Vigi
Boys' jdouble quartet
Kate Howell
Juanito Torrez
Judge W. H. Pope
Lieurance
Rosendo Vargas
Esk Bah Price
Antonia Maestas
Lucaria Naranj
CARLISLE, PENNSYLVANIA
Carii«l€ Arrow
F. W. Griffiths and Mrs. Griffiths arrived
at Carlisle last week from Puyallup, Washing-
ton. Mr. Griffiths fills the position of quarter-
master made vacant by the resignation of Mr.
Kensler. He was for some years assistant
superintendent and disciplinarian at theCush-
man Indian school, Tacoma, Washington.
August Kensler, who has been an efficient
employee at Carlisle since 1892 in the capacity
of quartermaster, recently tendered his resig-
nation on account of continued ill health. He
had been advised by the physicians two years
ago to give up his work, but continued to come
to his tasks daily and looked after his numerous
duties with his usual painstaking care.
John D. DeHuff and Mrs. DeHuff are recent
arrivals and new additions to the faculty of
Carlisle. Both were formerly employed in the
Philippine school service, Mr. DeHuff being
assistant director -of education. He takes Mr.
Whitweirs place as principal teacher.
Mrs. EJwing arrived at the school on Mon-
day. She is the new matron, relieving Miss
Anna Ridenour, who resigned recently.
The Indian News of Genoa, Nebraska, says:
**We have only time to say in this issue that
we exceedingly regret to loss Mrs. Ewing, our
head matron, to Carlisle. She will report
there on the25th."
GANADO, ARIZONA.
By Special Correspondint.
Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Karigan have gone to
Winslow to reside, leaving the Cornfields May
26. Mr. Karigan has been conducting the
Cornfields store for Mr. Hubbell for the past
five years and has been a successful Indian
trader as well as a hospitable neighbor.
Superintendent Peter Paquette of Fort De-
fiance was a recent visitor at Ganado and vi-
cinity.
Hon. J. L. Hubbell visited the Black moun-
tain country recently on business returning
May 18.
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312
The Native American
Mrs. C. N. Piatt entertained the ladies of
the community on Tuesday afternoon, May 18.
The guests were Mesdames Parker, Goodman,
Karigan, Kinney and Misses Moore and Sheets,
several gentlemen appearing in time to par-
take of the well prepared repast.
Matthew Howell of Long Beach, Califomia,
traveling salesman, was a recent visitor at
Ganado and vicinity. He travels by auta
The wool season has brought many Indians
to the trading post and large quantities of this
product are being shipped daily.
^^^
SCHOOLROOM NOTES
Sixth Grade A
The farm boys are hard at work haulingr the
alfalfa for the cattle.
John Taylor has gone to work in the hay
field north of the school.
Many of the boys are expecting to go home
and some are expecting to go outing for the
summer.
We farm boys are glad to have a new farmer
come.
The Indian school band furnished music four
nights at the Shriners ''Sokum Sirkus'* last
week.
I received a long letter from Dina McLean
and she said the weather was very cold up at
Flagstaff.
Annie Easchief, one of this year's outing
girlsy was out Sunday to see her many friends.
Hfth Grade A
The boys in the wagon shop are making a
wagon to go to the Panama exposition.
We blacksmith boys are making wrenches
for the Panama exposition.
We are studying about the nervous system
and have found out it is the great ruler of the
body.
The printers are sorry to see their assistant
printer, Walter Rhodes, leave the shop for his
vacation.
We are all looking forward to a good rest
this summer and when the school begins will
all be back and take up our studies again.
The school is going to close soon and we are
sorry to see it close but it will not be long until
it will open again.
Today is the first of June so we have changed
school detail. I now come to school in the
morning.
We are all glad that vacation is approaching
and all of us pupils who stay at the school
hope that those who go out will have a good
time.
Edward Flores is expecting to go out work-
ing soon.
John McNary is training himself up for
boxing. I hope he will make himself a good
boxer before long.
On Sunday a dust storm broke out and cat
short our Sunday service.
The two new hay fields have been mowed
and this week the farm boys will have a time
hauling hay.
Many girls and boys are glad that summer
vacation is coming so they may enjoy them-
selves at home as well as here.
Fifth Grade B
I will be very glad to get back with my folks
this summer. I got a letter from my brother
stating that they are having snow at home.
Two more weeks before school closes. I
hope the boys and girls will go home and help
their people with what they have learned dar-
ing this year.
The mason's detail is tearing up some parts
of the cement walks on the campus to make
new walks and Isaac Jose is doing a great
deal of it.
We farm boys are very sorry to see A. D.
Hammock go away.
L/aat Friday we had examination in geogra-
phy. We hope that some of us got good
grades.
These are our last schoolroom notes till next
year.
I hope all my classmates will have a good
time at home.
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June 13, 1914
325
FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Salt River, Arizona
Arizona Oazettf.
J. W. Shafer, farmer in charg-e at McDowell,
motored down from that place this week.
The recent showers have laid the dust and
made traveling much pleasanter for those
making their weekly irips to the county seat.
The farmers are not pleased with the pres-
ent prices of wheat and many of the Indians
plan to hold a part of their crop for better re-
turns which they hope to receive later on,
Mr. and Mrs. D. B. L<inderman entertained
the government employees last Saturday, the
occasion being the monthly teachers* meeting
of this reservation.
Supervisor Goodall was a recent visitor at
the agency. He spent several days here on
official business for the Indian Department.
Superintendent Coe accompanied him to Mc-
Dowell on a tour of inspection.
B. A. Sharp is enjoying a visit from his bro-
ther and family, who are making an overland
trip in their auto from EJl Paso to Oregon.
Mr. Sharp is a prominent manufacturer of that
ciiy and says that the hard times have not pre-
vented El Paso from growing steadily and
that when the water from the Elephant Butte
project if» turned upon the rich lands adjacent
it will be a great thing for that country.
Picnic Day at Leupp, Arizona
*Bv GLYTH BBOO ETLEN BEGO, fourth Grade.
Our annual school picnic came on the 15th
of May this year. We started at 9:30 o'clock
after a scramble to get ready for most of us
were up before the sun so we could get off
very early and have a long day. We finished
our work in the buildings early after breakfast;
then the girls put on their white dresses and
the boys their school uniforms. Four wagons
were made ready with seats along the sides
for the children and the surry for employees.
Seven miles west of Leupp we met the Tol-
chaco mission people with about twenty of their
school children. We had chosen this place be-
cause it was near the river nicely shaded and
sheltered by rocky bluffs along the west side.
Many camp Indians were there and took dinner
with us and they gave some of us a good long
horseback ride, too. In the afternoon we had
a baseball game. The boys were divided into
two teams. The stay at home boys played
against the outing boys and won the game
After this we gathered on the grounds and
sang some school songs for the visitors and
little children just before going home.
We had a joWy good time all day and wish
you had been there to enjoy it with us.
•Published as written, uncorrected.
An /deal Country and People
Indian Leader.
Miss Bentley, who left us last year, writes
from Toreva, Arizona, something of her work
as field matron. She says:
**I have about five hundred people to look
after, although I am expected to spend the
most of my time on the mesa, the village of
Chimopovy. We have had a very severe siege
of pneumonia and in this high altitude that
means a struggle for life. Our mesa has been
hostile until the last few years. The day
school here is only about ?iy^ years old, the
youngest one on the reservation.
**I do not think I could find a place and
people that I could love any better than this,
though it is hard to be so far from the rail-
road. But otherwise it is almost ideal. I live
all alone in my cottage and the day school
teachers, Mr. and Mrs. Buchanan, live in a
cottage just a little way from me. That is all
the white population, save Dixie, my pony, at2^
I love him as well as my human friends here."
Pueblo Bonito School, Crownpoint, '
New Mexico
By Special Correspondent.
The school is experiencing cool weather for
the month of June, such weather being un-
known by some of the employees.
The cement walks leading to the cottages
have been completed.
The work on the new dormitories, laundry
and barn is progressing very nicely.
Drilling on the artesian well at the school
has been suspended until additional funds are
available to carry on the work. It is hoped
that the necessary funds will be provided to
complete the work.
Pueble Bonito school enjoyed a short visit
from Superintendent Goodman of the Phoenix
school in the month of May. Mr. Goodman
made an excellent talk to our school boys, in-
teresting them in his school and in a higher
education when they are through school here.
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326
The Native American
We regret that he could not be with us for a
longer visit.
Mr. Goodnight, agency stockman, and Hosk a
Woods, interpreter, accompanied Special Offi-
cer Elmer D. Kinnett to Cuba and Cabezon in
the interest of the liquor suppression depart-
ment. Their report indicates that very little
liquor has been disposed of to the Indians in
that vicinity.
A ball game is scheduled to be played at
this school on Saturday, June 13, between
Pueblo Bonito and Tohatchi. A very good
game is predicted.
Baseball supplies consisting of suits, caps,
shoes, first base mitt, mask, body protector,
bats, balls and umpire's indicator have been
received.
A farewell. reception was given May 30 by
the school employees and residents of Crown-
point in honor of Rev. Mr. and Mrs.«Muyskens
The chapel was used as a reception room,
the floor was covered with Navaho rugs and
the room was decorated with the many beauti-
ful wild flowers that grow so abundantly in
this part of New Mexico.
After a short musical program Mr. Stacher,
the superintendent, presented Mr. and Mrs.
Muyskens with a set of silver knives and forks,
tea and table spoons, the gift of the people of
Crownpoint. A social hour was enjoyed by all.
Then we were invited to one of the school
rooms which had been changed as if by magic
into a diningroom and looked very inviting
with its long white tables, its soft candle
light and the decorations of wild flowers.
Refreshments of coffee, sandwiches, olives,
pickles, ice cream and cake were served.
There were 100 people present, including our
school boys.
Rev. Mr. Muyskens has been in the missionary
work at this place about nine months, but in
that time has done much good work among
the Navaho and won the friendship of all the
people of this place. It is with regret that
the white people and Indians see him leave.
Our very best wishes go with him and his
family to their new work in Iowa.
A crowd of young people of the school,
chaperoned by Mrs. Lydy, enjoyed a pleasant
ride to the Aztec ruins, three miles east of
Crownpoint. Kodaks and rifles were very
much in evidence. The most exciting event
of the afternoon was the killing of a rattle-
snake which had taken up its abode in the
long deserted home of the Aztecs. All arrived
home in time for supper with appetites sharp-
ened by the exercise and the ride in the wind
and sun.
Stewart, Nevada
Nevada American.
Dick Bender, our nightwatchman, left Tues-
day for Lake Tahoe where he will spend a
month or two of vacation in Ashing. Dick has
not missed a single season at the lake for twenty-
five years, and i& one of ihe best known of the
Indian guides in that region. His services are
in great demand for taking tourists out fishing
and sightseeing.
Superintendent Morsolf and son Kenneth, Mr
Gehringer and son Paul, Mr. Reed and Mr. Mans-
field spent Wednesday fishing at Lake Tahoe.
They came back with 24 fine large ones.
Mr. Gehringer went to Reno Thursday morn-
ing and returned with a new Ford.
Wyandotte, Oklahoma
By Special Correspondent.
The following program will be given June
18, at the forty-third closing exercises of the
school:
America
Invocation
Duet— Comet solo
Carpentry— "A Door Frame"
Song— **June is Here"
Bread Making
Chorus— "One By One"
Recitation— "The Photograph"
Aadience
Rev. Isaac Frazier
Mr. King
Walter Colespiing
Primary dast
Nicholas King
Giris
Dale Young
Soio— "I am Captain of the Broom-stick Cavalry Band"
Louis Malkot
Speech— *The Farm" Benjamin Hilderbrand
Instrumental Duet— "Waltz"
Miss Naomi Dawson and Cedl Lemco
How to Make a Dress Mary Dick
Play— "Honest Peggy" Eight giris
Essay— "Laundry Work"
Instrumental solo— "Valse" Pauline Lemoa
Recitation— "A Boy's Essay on Girls" Alvin Brown
Two-part song— "Silver Threads Among the Gold" Four Girii
Essay— **Twenty Years Hence* * Rosanna Brown
Comet solo Mr. King
Competitive Drill
In the afternoon a fire drill was given at 1:30
and there was a baseball game at 2 o'clock.
Pine Ridge, South Dakota
Oglala Light.
The annuity payment of about $30,000 was
paid out by Superintendent Brennan the first
part of the month.
Mrs. Kate S. Harvey, who was seamstress
here a couple of yeara ago, returned as baker
the first week in May. All her old friends were
glad to welcome Mrs. Harvey back.
Cards are out announcing the coming mar-
riage of Miss Ruth E^lizabeth Brennan to
Francis Wed Hill at I^ine Ridge on Wedoes-
(Continued on Page 328.
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^une 13, 1914
327
SCHOOLROOM NOTES
The following notes were written by the departmental pupils of this school, taking- as their
subjects their impression of the year's work and what can be accomplished from the pupil's view
point in making the next school year even more successful than the past year has been.
Eighth Grade
The most interesting to me thisyear was the
Atudy about citizenship, because it will help us
to become better men and women. We owe a
great deal to this school because it has done so
much for us.
The things which I have enjoyed this year
are the contests 3uch as the prize speaking and
temperance contests. I am always interested
in a thing like this.
Vacation is so near and most of the boys and
girls will be going home. Those that do go
home I hope will have a good vacation but do
not spend all your time with fun and not at-
tend church as most of them do. Let us make
it our duty to go to church often as we do while
at school. I wish you all a happy vacation
wherever it may be spent.
This being my first year here at this school
I have said and always will say that this was
one of the best schools I have entered. It is
with much regret that I think this is our last
week of school. I am sure I have enjoyed all
my school days and have always thought a
great deal of my classmates and especially my
dear teachers whom I will leave very soon,
perhaps I never more shall see. Schoolmates,
always try and do the duties you dislike and
obey your teachers as we owe a great deal to
them. When I go back home I will show all
I have learned here and hope this school will
some day become the leading Indian school.
This year, as this is my last year in school,
seems to be a successful one. There has
been so many things going on which we all
enjoyed and also more privileges seem to be
given to us than we have ever had before.
And, boys and girls, when you come back next
year in the fall I trust that you will still have
a better year and stick to all your studies in
whatever you undertake to do.
The pupils can make the school a better
school next year by trying their very best in
whatever they are asked to do. Each work-
ing for the good of all will make the school a
success.
I think this year has been the best year
since I have been here. The pupils and all
vaeh had such a good spirit during this year.
Let us make the coming year a still better
year by doing our level best in all we do.
Seventh Grade A
Now the closing of the school is coming
near and when it come to a close we should
all thank the teachers and the superintendent
of this school for this successful year. I think
this is one of the most successful years we
ever had.
The literary society has been che most suc-
cessful this year that it has been curing the
last two years I have been here.
All through this school year geogiaphy and
arithmetic are two studies that I like the best.
Geography has been more interesting to me
than at any other time.
The things that we pupils could do to make
this a better school are to obey the rules of the
school, and take more interest in our studies
and do all we can to help the school, teachers
and others who are in charge.
What I enjoy most is working in the shop.
Seventh Grade B
Of all my school days here there was never
so fine as this year. Maybe it is because the
pupils of the Indian school are improving a
great deal and taking part in almost every-
thing with the very best they know how.
The roost I enjoyed during this successful
year was the athletics which I took part in
and I only wish that this school would have
more things along athletics next year. I also
enjoyed the socials which we have been having
during the school terms. And now with much
regret that we have only few more days of
school I am glad to say that I have enjoyed
all my school days and have always thought
a great deal of my classmates and friends
who have already gone oflF, but hope that they
also have a happy vacation. And perhaps we
never again will meet those friends and class-
mates.
The Y. W. C. A. and Y. M. C. A. members
had their last meeting last Sunday evening. I
hope next fall there will be more members of
the Y. M. C. A. There were very few of us,
but we got along all right.
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328
The Native American
This year has been a successful one because
v\e all did our part to make the school better.
We hope rtiat next year wiU be still better.
The Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. had their
social Monday evening on the tennis court.
I like to study geoj^raphy because it is an
interesting book. It tells us where different
kinds of races have their home and tells us
where each ranks in civilization.
Sixth Grade A
We have enjoyed our home life at farm
cottage and regret that it will soon be closed.
Mrs. Chiles, who has been "our mother," will go
to Santa Barbara, California, to spend her
vacation.
One reason why I like to go to school is be-
cause I learn something new each day.
This year has been a successful one because
most of the boys and girls tried to do right.
I go to school because I want to be in school
and learn to help my people and myself.
It has been a successful year because the
winter was not as cold as last year so we have
had much study and athletics.
This year I enjoyed the athletics, literary
and religious meetings.
As I am here in Phoenix Indian school I
found out that farming has done me a great
deal of good which I think will help me so
when I leave this school I'll know what to do
on my farm.
Sixth Grade B
The study of agriculture was one of the
most interesting to me this year. I like
to study it because it helps me in the future,
and we wish to thank Mr. Scott, our principal
teacher, for what little but interesting facts he
taught us on the subject of agriculture.
The Phoenix Indian school lost about five
pupils this year, one at the school and others
at their own homes. Let us not forget our
absent brothers although they are out of sight.
We will remember them by what they did while
at school. *
I like to study about language because it has
helped me to talk good plain English, and
when I write I put the words where they should
belong.
Hfth Grade A
I enjoyed going to school and working on
thef arm for some time, and I am going to stick
to it and learn more.
I like to go to school so I can get ao educa-
tion and make an honest living.
I have enjoyed this year as I have kept up
with my classes better than last year. I
want to next year make better grades than this
year. I like to go to school because it's a good
thing for me to learn about whole lots of
things that I don't know.
If the pupils try to do their best in school
and outside at work or wherever they may be
this school will be a better school than last
year.
The thing that I enjoyed the most this year
is the way the school is run now. The study
I like the best is the agriculture study because
when I get back home I can do my own farm-
ing. I like to go school because it is just a
good time for me to learn something.
I am very thankful to the teachers for what
has doiic me the most good. I learn how to
talk English so I can go out and work among
the white people.
This has been a very successful year to me
because many things have been going on and
it was a busy year, too. We had athletics,
socials, religious meetings,Uterary and contest*^.
I cannot tell which one I liked best but I think
literary and religious meetings are best for
us.
I want to become a better boy next year and
I will try to do my best in school and try to be
good to all of my playmates.
The study I like the best is language lesson
because it teaches us how to use the right way
of English. Next fall when I come to school
I will try to make it better than this year.
Pine Ridge, South Dakota
(Continued from page 326.)
day, June 10. The marriage will take place
at the residence of Supt. John R. Brennan.
Mr. Hill is from Rapid City, South Dakota,
where they will make their home after Julv
15.
Friends of D. C. West, who was principal
teacher here before he went to the Cushman
school, Washington, will be glad to hear that
he has again been promoted to the Havasuapi
school, Arizona.
Clerk F. J. Murphy, who was called to Mas-
sachusetts on account of the sickness of his
sister, will not return. He has accepted a
transfer to the auditor's office in the Treasury
Department at Washington, D. C.
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Jane 13, 1914
317
Prevalence and
Meaning of
Tuberculosis
The Anti^Tubcfculosis Campaign
*By REV. A. K. FAUST, PKD.
Although Dr. Koch discovered the bacterial nature of tuberculosis
as early as 1882, the importance of this triumph of science is not even
today fully appreciated by the people in general. The former idea that
this disease was hereditary and therefore non-communicable and in-
curable still wields a powerful influence in the world. The medical world,
of course, accepted this great discovery of Koch, but doctors are obliged
to use most of their time in curing sick people, so that up to the present,
they have not found sufficient opportunity to teach well people how to
keep well. Indeed, society is well-nigh demanding the impossible from the
medical world when it requires it single handed to heal the world and
teach the world at the same time I feel convinced that society must
come to the aid of the medical world, if tuberculosis is to be banished
from the earth. Happily, the tendency in medicine and other vital sci-
ences is away from the therapeutic and towards the prophylactic.
"Prevention, and the conservation of resources" is the great slogan of
the present age.
According to an estimate given out last year — how reliable it is, I
do not know — about 133,000 Japanese people die every year from this
disease. That means 384 every day, 15 every hour, 1 every four
minutes. We can get some idea of the greatness of this number by
remembering that throughout the entire Russo-Japanest war, about
100,000 Japanese braves gave their lives for their country. Tuberculosis
claims a third more victims, year in and year out, than did the
plains of Manchuria, Now what is the import of all this? First, let us
look at it merely from the economic standpoint. It must be remembered
that the great majority of deaths from this disease take place between
the ages of 18 and 40 — economically and socially the most important
age in the life of a person. The family has perhaps through great sacri-
fice brought up and educated the child, and before the son or daughter
can do much to repay the time and the money and the love that has
been bestowed on him or her, this dread monster strikes down the hope-
ful life. It can be said that people dying from tuberculosis die on an
average thirty years sooner than their natural limit of life Counting
the productive value of one life at the low rate of 300 ^en a year, the
loss incurred by one death would be thirty times 300 ^en, or 9,000 ^en\
and the 133,000 would amount to the unimaginable sum of, l,197,00u,000
pen. But this is by no means the whole of the sad story. How much
money is spent for medical attention during the illness of the 133,000?
How much time is spent by the rest of the family during the sickness?
And what become of the small children that are left by the young father
or mother? They become, in many cases, the wards of society or their
relatives; and if such relatives are poor the added burden will produce
^Rev. A. K. Faust, Ph.D., is a brother-in-law of Dr. Marden of the Phoenix Indian school. Dr. Fau«t has been in Japan 12
years in charge of the educational work at the schools of the Reformed chuch and is president of the Anti-tuberculusis Associa-
tion of Foreigners in Japan.
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318 The Native American
conditions in which tuberculosis will be apt to increase its destructiveness.
A German authority estimates that to every death about 10 persons
are more or less infested by the disease. If this estimate holds in
Japan, perhaps every fiftieth person in the whole land is suffering from tu-
berculosis in some form. Whether these figures are altogether correct
or not, they at least give a clue to the enormous economic loss that tu-
berculosis entails upon Japan.
I shall not take space to write of the unspeakable sorrow that is
caused to thousands of homes, nor of the moral meaning that is involved
in the ravages of this disease, nor even of the specifically political im-
port of it. but I should like to appeal to patriotism that in its precious
name this social enemy be attacked. If Japan should decide to pit her
magnificent store of patriotism whole-heartedly against this internal
enemy, she could in a reasonably short time subdue this eaemy's
strength by over one-half; 133,000 fellow-citizens falling every year by
a preventable disease will, if thoughtfully considered, surely make a tre-
mendous appeal to all those who truly love their country and their fel-
low rasn. There is a true patriotism that operates in times of peace as
well as in times of war; but the patriotism of peace is perhaps of even
a finer quality than that of war. and more rarely found.
Time was when races that were charged with the germs of tuber-
culosis and other diseases against which they had become somewhat
immune, could, by the help of these infinitesimal organisms, build up
empires, by coming in contact with lower civilizations among whom
these diseases did not prevail. The Ainus are dying out because of tu-
berculosis, so are the American Indians — and the negroes in America
also have a death rate from it three or four times as high as the whites.
In each case a higher civilization has given its diseases to the lower one
and conquered it. But the day of "empire building" in this way is for-
ever gone. Tuberculosis, as has often been said, is a disease that has
been produced by civilization. Savages probably never had it. Monkeys
when they live wild do not suffer from it, but as soon as they are caged
over fifty per cent die from it. Only when people began to live in
houses — oftentimes many persons in one unventilated room — did tuber-
culosis begin its work of devastation. Nansen, the Arctic explorer, says
that none of his men caught colds in the northern latitudes, but as soon
as they came back and began to live in houses again they caught colds
as before. But surely modern civilization will not shrink from striving to
rid society from the attendant evils which follow in its wake of progress.
Civilization developed these evils unconsciously, but they must be exter-
minated consciously.
As to the nature of this terrible disease.it is not for me, a mere lay-
T/fe Nature of man, to say anything; but specialists have told us that the cause of the
* the Disease disease is a minute organism which belongs to the plant world. Now,
plants may be divided into two great classes — green plants and colorless
ones. All green plants need the direct rays of the sun, but colorless
plants are quickly destroyed by bright sunshine. The tubercle bacillus
belongs to the colorless class of plants; so, if we wish to destroy it, one
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June 13 ,19 J4 ^^-"^
way is to expose it to the sun— that is. live in the sunshine and breathe
pure air. This points the way to the kind of means that may be effect-
ively used in anti-tuberculosis campaigns.
The war against tuberculosis has been conducted along two lines — 77?^ (Jmsaa-'
against the germ, and towards strengthening the human body. Activity Agams^f ft
along the former line tries to destroy the germs themselves. In this
kind of warfare the tuberculosis patient himself has a most important
duty to perform. Attacks will be made on the spitting nuisance, over-
crowding, smoke and dust nuisance, unhygienic factory conditions,
unsanitary school conditions, while careful disinfection, the early dis-
covery of all cases, segregation of patients, and the like, will be strongly
advocated. The second line of attack has the strengthening and the
immunization of the people as its objective point. Here good food,
pure air day and night, good ventilation, proper exercise, especially
deep-breathing, cheerfulness, temperance, proper care of allied diseases,
and other like interests, are the means that are being applied. Along
both lines education is an absolute essential. The campaign oulht to
begin in the public school — and it looks now as if this were going to be
the case. The normal schools ought to make knowledge of a thorough
tuberculosis campaign a required study, and the human voice as well
as printer's ink ought to be used unstintingly on every occasion.
A work of tremendous importance lies waiting to be done. Me-
thinks that here would be a precious opportunity for some organization .
like the Red Cross society to take hold of. Indeed, the mighty Red
Cross society of Japan is now outlining for itself a program that will
look toward the annihilation of tuberculosis in Japan. Such a program
ought to require, at least, as much money annually as it costs to build
a dreadnought.
In a comprehensive and thorough-Soing campaign aga?nst the
great white plague, the Government, the medical world and the people
in general, must cooperate. In countries where this has been possible,
success has crowned all efforts. The Government would have to be
called upon to provide the necessary laws and means, such as effective
building laws, inspection laws, disinfection laws, notification laws,
segregation of patients, free dispensaries and sanatoria for the poor, and
a complete system of tuberculosis education. The medical world have
to provide the medical generals for this war; as soon as possible invent
a really effective antitoxin, and insistently teach the public modern
methods of hygiene and sanitary living. The people would have to
endeavor to educate themselves in healthful living, obey the laws of
the Government, put to practice the advice of the physicians, build pri-
vate dispensaries and sanatoria, and in other ways respond nobly and
with a spirit of self-sacrifice to the calls of the great campaign.
I can mention only a few of the victories that have thus far been ^f^<^^Has Been
won in the world. In Denmark, the reduction of mortality from tuber- ^^^ ^^ ^^^
culosis has been from 30.2 persons out of every 10,000 in 1876, to 15.3
in 1906. In 1886 Germany sacrificed 31 persons out of every 10,000
inhabitants on account of tuberculosis — in 1906 only 17.26 per 10.000,
(Continued on page 324.)
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320
The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
James Bent left for his home in Oklahoma
on Wednesday.
Baldwin Yokesuite left on Saturday for his
home in Oklahoma.
Jean Seyounema, one of the farm cottage
girls, went to Prescott this week to work
during the summer.
a:
Mrs. Myrtle Smith, at one time connected
with this school but at present residing in
Phoenix, spent Tuesday with Mrs. C. L. Scott
Mr. and Mrs. Maurice Eisenhower spent last
Sunday with Mrs. Eisenhower's mother, Mrs.
Miller, at her ranch five miles east of the
school.
ar
The members of the Presbyterian church
residing on the campus were well represent-
ed at the annual church picnic at Desert
Curve on Tuesday evening.
The youngest "smart set" of the campus
had an enjoyable time on Monday evening,
when they were entertained by Cedric Platt-
ner who celebrated his eleventh birthday
anniversary.
X
Mrs. Pearl Moon, accompanied by her sons
Galen and Carl, left for the east last Satur-
day. Mrs Moon left a month earlier than
she had planned to do in response to a wire
telling of the severe illness of her sister.
Mrs. Dixon and her little daughter are now
domiciled in the cottage formerly occupied
by Mrs. Moon and her family.
a:
The domestic science girls, under the direc-
tion of Miss Keck, made up a large quantity
of delicious apricot preserves this week.
a:
The industrial cottage has closed for the
summer. Miss Bullard is assisting at the
girls' dormitory and taking her meals at the
club.
a:
The farm cottage and the hospital girls
went on a picnic Wednesday afternoon on
the desert and report a very enjoyable time.
A
The P. E. 0. chapter of Phoenix picnicked
at Riverside park on Wednesday afternoon
and evening. Mrs Grinstead and Mrs. Scott
are members of the organization, Mrs.
Grmstead holding the office of president.
Mrs. Luella Moorehead is substituting in
the laundry during the absence of Mrs. Pearl
Moon. Mrs Moorehead severed her connec-
tion with the Phoenix school a year ago,
after spending several years as a member of
the school family, and is heartily welcomed
by her friends and former co-workers.
Edgar Robinson, who has been spending a
few weeks at Agua Caliente, returned this
week very much benefited by the baths of
that famous resort. His assistants, Bert
Tequeawa and Roy Peters, gave splendid serv-
ice at the club dining room during his
absence.
Susie Thomas, an outing girl, is planning
to bake bread and^pastry on the Salt River
reservation for neighboring families and has
received much encouragement in her new
venture. She has recently been undergoing
eye treatment at the school hospital.
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June 13, I9J4
321
Frank Whitman has returned to his home
at Blackwater.
Monday evening the members of the
Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. of the school
gave a lawn party which was a great success
socially as are all the entertainments of these
societies. A number of the employees of
the school were among the invited guests.
Miss Monroe entertained Mr. and Mrs.
Sidney Monroe at dinner at the club last
Sunday; Mrs. Owsley had Miss Snowden and
Miss Elvira Pike as her guests the same day.
and Mrs. Gilbert Davis was the guest of her
husband, who is a member of the club.
Mr. Dixon arrived at this school last
week to visit his family for a short time.
Mr. Dixon is a cattle buyer and this is the
first time he has been able to come to Phoe-
nix since the arrival of Mrs. Dixon from
Whiteriver.
Mr. and Mrs. D. H. Eisenhower visited'with
Mr and Mrs. Linderman at Sale River last
Saturday. They were accompanied part of
the way home by the Lindermans and en-
joyed a desert picnic supper. Both families
are from Pennsylvania and consequently
these little visits are occasions of much
pleasure to all concerned.
Sewingroom Notes
The sewingroom girls in charge of Mrs.
Eisenhower are busy preparing work for the
San Francisco exposition.
Contra Lewis {Pima) has finished two
girls* uniforms which are beautifully made
in every particular.
Rhoda Williams (/f/a/na^/z) is embroider-
ing a towel which will be a credit to the
young women of her tribe when finished.
Other articles are well under way to add
to the exhibit from this department.
Indian Citizenship Ruling
General Crowder, judge advocate general of
the army, has rendered an opinion that In-
dians, born in the United States, members of
and owing allegiance to a tribe recognized by
the Federal Government, are not citizens by
birth within the meaning of the Constitution
and can become citizens only by being natu-
ralized under some treaty or statute. He
held, also, that such Indians are not citizens
within the meaning of Section 1 of the militia
Act of January ?.l, 1903, as amended by the
Act of May 27, 1908. That section provides
that the "militia shall consist of every able-
bodied male citizen of the respective states
and territories and the District of Columbia,
and every able-bodied male of foreign birth
who has declared his intention to become a
citizen, who is mare than eighteen and less
than forty-five years of age."
The opinion was rendered in reply to a
question as to whether certain Indians en-
rolled at the United States Indian school at
Phoenix, Arizona., were citizens within the
meaning of the militia act referred to. —
Washington Star
Hospital Notes
Norman Casidore, a San Carlos Apache, is
a visitor at the hospital this week on a visit
to his nephew, Carl Kinney, who has been
seriously ill for the past three weeks but is
improving rapidly and expects to be able to
to go to his home by the last of this month.
Norman spent twelve years at C<^rlisle dur-
ing the '80s and '90s.
Juana Mali Antone, an outing girl from
Sacaton, is at the hospital being treated for
an injury to one of her eyes.
Several Pima from Salt River have called
at the hospital this week for medicine and
treatment for various ailments. This is the
season when eye trouble is apt to be preva-
lent, caused in part by the dust and chaflf
from threshing wheat.
Work is progressing rapidly on the new
addition to the hospital.
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322
The Natioe American
SENSIBLY DRESSED
In an article on overdressing and school
uniforms Mrs. Isabel Worrell Ball, associate
editor of the Washington National Tribune,
says in a recent number of that paper:
*1 cannot now remember anything finer in
the way of uniform dress than what I saw
at Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kansas, a
great Indian schDol, where several hundred
Indian girls in navy blue serge dresses went
through dumbball, basketball and Indian-
club exercises, the blue ranks moving like
one person as they performed the intricacies
of the drill. They looked neat — yes, they
even looked stylish— because their clothes
were well made and fitted to the natural
forms. Their love for bright colors was
s'lown in the beads they wore and in the
hige ribb3n bows which adorned their dark
tresses.
"Later several hundred Indian youths,
from tiny little fellows of eight to ten years
up to stalwart young men of twenty, went
through the manual of arms with the pre-
cision of old regulars, their blue uniformed
lines being wonderfully pleasing to the artis-
tic sense as they stepped manfully out in
their maneuvers. * * * *
'*Going back to the school again, each girl
clad in her blue serge dress was quite satis-
fied with herself, because the girl who stood
next to her or the forty or fifty girls in her
class were all of them clothed exactly like
herself, and there could be no question of
jealousy, no heartburn and no quarrel over
the fact that some girl in the class was
dressed better than she was. Then the
simple dressing of the hair and plain garbing
of the body leave the minds of these girls
free for their studies and for their jolly play
when they are out on the playground."
"SWATTING" FLIES
\S9 Angelet Examiner.
'Swatting** flies is a practice that should
be encouraged, but, as English sanitary ex-
perts are pointing out, it is ridiculous to ex-
pect that these pests can be exterminated
by this method alone. That more far-reach-
ing steps must be taken if we are to be freed
from the danger of disease which flies bring
is quite evident from a study of the life his-
tory of these insects.
The female fly in spring emerges from her
hibernating nook and sets out to lay her eggs,
on some convenient heap of refuse or filth
She lays about 120 eggs at each sitting, of
which there are several.
In a few hours, if the surroundings are
warm, the maggot is born. It eats and grows
on the filth around it; in five days it is a
chrysalis and in five more is a fly in search
of food. Mouth, legs and body get smeared
with its food, so not only does it spread
disease by swallowing germs, but furnishes
them with a suitable breeding place on its
own outside. Of course, on its wanderings
on human food, especially milk, it leaves
poison thereon to spread disease.
The recent visit of Surgeon General Gorgas
to England has renewed interest there in the
war on flies. It is suggested that the boy
scouts be trained to track the breeding places
of flies and report them to the authorities.
It is also planned to follow the plan so suc-
cessfully used in the United States of show-
ing the life history of flies, and the damage
they cause, in motion picture.
c
Flag Salute — One Country! One Languagel One FlagI
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June 13, 1914
323
Origin of Flag Day
June fourteenth is patriotically observed
throughout the United States as "Flag day."
It was on the fourteenth day of June,
1777, one hundred and thirty-seven years
ago. that the flag of thirteen red and white
stripes and thirteen white stars on a field
of blue that had been made in Philadelphia
by Betsy Ross, was displayed before CJongress,
which adopted it as the National emblem
and ordered that it be sent to Washington,
then encamped with the main part of his
army, at Middlebrook, New Jersey. There a
few days later the Stars and Stripes were first
thrown to the breeze and hailed by the
Continental troops.
The flag-making plant of the navy is at
the Brooklyn navy yard, where some thirty
women are employed. The bunting comes
frona Massachusetts and every case costs
the Government $560.00, or $11.25 a roll.
Every piece must weigh five pounds to every
forty yards and stand a test weight of seventy
pounds to two square inches. It is steeped
in salt water for six hours and then exposed
to the sun for another six hours. If strength
and color hold the fabric is then pronounced
fit for service.
Nat Ligon, probate attf)rney for the Creek
Nation, was at the school Monday on legal
business connected with his office in Tulsa,
Oklahoma.
Mrs. Melissa Joaes who recently under-
went an operation at St Joseph*s hospital in
Phoenix, returned to her home on Wednes-
day.
C. H. Gensler visited the school on Thurs-
day on his way to Sacaton from Supai school
in Cataract Canyon. Mr. Gensler is being
trasferred from the position of farmer to a
like position on the Pima reservation.
The Indian school band furnished the music
for the Catholic social held at the Whitney
residence on Coronado road last Wednesday
evening.
The carpenters finished a fine mission
library table for Mr. Lawrence's cottage this
week.
Mr. Justice, who has been employed as
carpenter at the East Farm for a few weeks
past, returned to his work at the school
Saturday.
Superintendent Goodman desires to ac-
knowledge, through the Native American,
the following invitations to exercises inci-
dent to commencement of the following
Government schools: Pipestone, Minnesota,
June 7-9; Flandreau, South Dakota, June
8-11; Haskell Institute, June 14-18; Fort
Totten, North Dakota, June 19-24; Cush-
man trades school, June 21-26; Genoa, Ne-
braska, June 14-18.
The main office has been well equipped
during the past week with a complete set of
electrical fixtures. Each of the four large
office rooms is supplied with a four-light
chandelier, a standard desk light and an
oscillating fan. This equipment will a'ld a
great deal to the comfort of the office force,
whose duties make it necessary for not only
day work, but night work as well; conse-
quently the new twostory building is in every
respect far better adapted to the require-
ments of all concerned, as well as a great
ornament and addition to the institution in
general.
Former Pupil Seriously III
The employees and pupils of this school
are pained to learn of the illness of Martha
Andreas Stanley at her home at Salt River.
Martha was for several years a student of
this school and when not in the school room
was employed by Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Per-
cival, where she performed faithful and effi-
cient service.
She was married a few years ago to Frank
Stanley, a former pupil and graduate of this
school. She has two little children and is
a sister of Peter and Isaac Porter.
The Native American carries the sympathy
of friends at the school to Mrs. Stanley.
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324 The Native American
THE ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS CAMPAIGN
(Continued from page 319.)
At this race of decrease, after 30 years, Germany will have exterminated
tuberculosis. In England also, the death rate from tuberculosis during
the last 30 years has approximately been halved. In 40 years more, at
the present rate of diminution, tuberculosis will have been exterminated
in England. The campaign in the United States was started a good deal
later than in Europe, but in the decade from 1901 to 1910 the death
rate declined from 198.9 for each 100,000 persons living, to 160.3, a de-
crease of 18.7 pfer cent. This rate of decrease is just twice as great as
that of the general death rate. This proves that the enthusiastic cam-
paign that is now being conducted there is very effective.
A New Battle Japan has also done a great deal in many ways in this warfare, but
Planned now a new plan of battle seems to have been adopted. This was felt
necessary because in Japan the death rate from tuberculosis is steadily
increasing. A few anti-tuberculosis associations had been formed, but
recently an organization has been formed in Tokyo which gives promise
of becoming a truly national association. Under the leadership of this
association, we hope that in every city of the empire auxiliary organiza-
tions may spring up and begin, in dead earnest, the prevention and
cure of tuberculosis. That the Yamato-damashil may be so thoroughl y
aroused that it will drive Japan s most dreadful enemy from her beauti-
ful borders is the ardent hope of many well-wishers.
BUNGALOW. EAST FARM SANATORIUM.
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HE burdens that make us
groan and ssA/eat,
The troubles that make
us fume and fret.
Are the troubles that
haven't happened yet
-SELECTED.
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Q The American flag is the symbol of the brotherhood of
man. It stands for courage, for chivalry, for generosity and
honor.
Q No hand must touch it roughly; no hand shall touch it
irreverently.
Q Its position is aloft. To float over its children, uplifting
their eyes and hearts by its glowing colors and splendid prom-
ise; for under the Stars and Stripes are opportunities un-
known to any other nations of the world.
Q The Government commands the people to honor their
flag. Men and boys should uncover as they pass the vivid
striF>es which represent the life blood of brave men, and the
stars which shall shine on forever.
Q It must be raised at sunrise; lowered at sunset. It is not
a plaything of the hour. It is a birthright of privilege and
integrity.
Q It may not be used as stafl^, or whip, or covering.
Q It shall not be marred by advertisement, nor desecrated
on the stage.
Q It was bom in tears and bbod. It was baptized in blood
and tears.
Q It has floated since June 14th, 1777, over a country of
benevolence, refuge and progress. It must always be car-
ried upright.
Q To bear the Star Spangled Banner is an honor; to own
one a sacred trust.
Q it is the emblem of fi-eedom, of equality, of justice for
every person and creature as it floats unvanquished un^
tarnish^ over the open door of fi-ee education.
IDA LOUISE GIBBS,
Chairman Committee of Prevention of Desecration of the
flag. Daughter of the American Revolution.
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iiiiuj
*'NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE*'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
DevoUd to Indian Education
Volume IS
June 13, t9t4
9{umbeT 24
PLANT GROWTH
By CAKROLL L. SCOTT. Principal Teacher, Phoenix Indian School
The earth is composed of rock materials and it is easy to see that
most of the thick crust is made up of rocks of different kinds — and
from these rocks the different materials come by the different agencies
of disintegration to be soil. Soil is the name given to the looser sub-
stance covering the rocks — and upon it depend all kinds of plant and
animal life.
There are many agencies that work quietly but constantly to break
up the rocks, both igneous and sedimentary, and change them into soil.
We need but think for a moment to be able to name them. If we
examine pieces of rock, wood, brick and glass which have been exposed
to the action of water we shall see that the water has rounded off the
rough edges and materially changed the shape and appearance. This
action of moving water, like that of streams or the waves of the ocean,
constantly changes the form of these substances, especially rocks, and
grinds them into minute particles which will eventually form soil.
The examination of newly broken and then old broken rocks will show
us the chemical action of air and water which also is constant and
helps greatly in changing the rocks to soil. And the formation of ice in
the crevices of rocks does its part also to break up the rock so that
the other agencies may at last change it to soil. And last I shall name
glaciers as an agency in breaking and grinding rocks to little bits which
also eventually become soil.
Then, to summarize, this action of moving water, chemical action
weathering and glaciation all work together to change the solid rock
into soil thus doing their important part to make the earth inhabitable.
If we examine some soil with a microscope we shall see that it is
composed of small rocks, and this coupled with the fact that the largest
rocks are constantly crumbling is proof sufficient that the soil is noth-
ing more than solid rock ground to fine dust or powder by the different
agencies enumerated above.
Granite is composed of mica, quartz and feldspar and the mica and
quartz together form sandstone while the feldspar makes clay which
contains the food elements to make soil productive.
The elements needed for plant food are found by an analysis of the
soil and plant and by plant physiology. The metallic elements neces-
sary for plant food are calcium, iron, magnesium and potassium. The
Composition of
Earth
Agencies that
work to form
soil
Compositi on
of Granite
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316
The Native American
Necessary
Elements
for Plant
Growth
Water
Necessary
tor
Germination
non-metallic elements are nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur. Carbon
is supplied by the air.
Plants must have the above elements with water in order to grow well
and pro luce crops for animal food. Where some of these elements are
deficient or lacking in the soil they must be supplied by manures or
fertilizers and along with these there must be careful cultivation of the
soil to pulverize it to enable the plant to utilize the food elements and
to let in the an*.
Nitrogen is supplied from the air to the soil by what is known as legu-
minous plants, like alfalfa, clover and cowpeas, by means of bacteria.
Although it seems strange, yet air gives the plants more nourishment
than the soil does and a plant uses about its own volume of air each
day. It is very necessary to keep the crop well cultivated to enable
the air to penetrate the soil. Air is one-fifth oxygen and about four-
fifths nitrogen, with a little carbon dioxide which unites with water to
produce starch, and the starch changes in the plant to sugar which in
some way builds up the fiber of the plant. The plant gathers carbon
dioxide through its leaves from the air, which helps to form the starch
food, but nitrogen or proteid food is supplied by the bacteria in the nod-
ules of leguminous plants and by the decay of plants themselves, show-
ing that the air furnishes more food to the plant than the soil does.
The bacteria cause decay and make nitrates of ammonia and are
consequently very beneficial to plant life. For this reason the success-
ful farmer usually raises a bacteria forming or leguminous crop on his
land about every fourth year in his system of crop rotation.
A plant will germinate without soil but it must have water or
moisture and the plant food must be dissolved by water before it may
be available. The water in the soil is classified as free water, capil-
lary water and film, water. Free water is merely flowing water. Capil-
lary water rises or rather moves in all directions by the well known
process of capillarity, and film water surrounds each little grain of soil.
Capillarity and osmosis, which may be easily shown by experiments,
usually fully explained in works on agriculture, draw the water from the
soil up into the plant thus supplying it with needed moisture. As the
plant gets little moistiire from the air the importance of the proper
amount of water in the soil is readily seen.
The constituents of the soil, the air, and the water all under proper
conditions combine to give plants to supply food for animals and man,
and a careful study of these is important for anyone who takes an in-
terest in knowing the ways in which nature works to take care of all
life.
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The Country Boy's Creed,
I believe that the Country, which God made, is more beautf--
ful than the City, which man made; that life out-6f-doors and in
toUwh with the earth is the natural life of man. I believe that
work is work wherever we find it, but that work with Nature is
more inspiring than work with the most intricate machinery. I
believe that the dignity of labor depends not on what you do, but
on how you do ir; that oppxDrtunity comes to a boy on the farm as
often as to a boy in the city; that life is larger apd freer and
happier on the farm than in town; that my success depends nott
upon my location, but upon mys f —not upon my dreams, bu
upon what 1 actually do — not upon luck, but upon pluck. I believe
ill working when you work, and in playing when you play, and
in giving and demanding a square deal in every act of life
Edwin Osgood Grover.
♦ »»♦♦♦»♦♦♦»♦♦♦»♦ »♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ ♦ ♦_»»♦♦♦♦♦ » ^-t^
*»»ff»»M»»»»»M»» ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»»♦♦♦♦♦♦»»»»»♦♦
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Interior of Kindergarten, Fort Dehance, Arizona.
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SOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE'*
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted io Indian Education
Volume 15
June 20, 1914
9fiswber 25
BRICKS WITHOUT STRAW
By MISS KATHERINE L. KECK, Domestic Science Instructor. Phoenix Indian School
E shaJl no mere furnish the people straw to make brick
as heretofore. Let them go and gather straw for
themselves. And the tale of bricks which they did
make ye shall not dimmish thereof." We are all
familiar with this command of Pharaoh to the task-
masters of the children of Israel while in bondage in
ad various meanings in the text.
For the making of brick, straw was furnished to be chopped and
mixed with moist clay and dried. Angry at the request of Moses and
Agron that the Israelites be granted three days to go into the desert
and sacrifice to their God, he withdrew the supply of straw but slill re-
qubed the same output.
Obliged to furnish the same amount of brick daily, gathering the
stubble from the field was an added burden and some see only that in
the expression **«iaking brick without straw." To some it signifies an
impossibility, while a third class regard it as speeding up for eflSciency
or making the most of available material.
To the American Indian educated in Government school? as wards
of the Government the time must come whten governmental aid will be
withdrawn and the command be given, "Let them go gather straw. for
themselves," and the quantity as well as the quality of their bricks for
race building and citi'zenship must be largely the result of their train-
ing in school.
In his primitive state the wants and needs of the Indian were few
and he was able to satisfy them from the natural resources of his
suroundings and live a fairly wholesome life. Coming quite suddenly in
contact with an advanced civilization and required to be almost a part
of it he lacks the training a slower evolution would have given to grasp
an understanding of the complex conditions. The many more years of
civilization of which our race has had the benefit should enable us to
find the essentials on which to lay particular stress in his training.
Looking over the field of endeavor in government boarding schools
we wonder if sufiicient emphasis is laid on the teaching and practice of
economy in the use of material — making the most of available
resources.
To the Indian child coming from a home where the necessities of
existence as w« see them are barely met; from a home where seventy-
Whcn
Governfneht
Aid is
Withdrawn
in Future
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The Native American
Should Knoyv
Value of
Materials
Car^ and
Feedingof
Childrerr
w
five dollars or less may represent the yearly income of a family; where
positive hunger may often be felt with little to satisfy it, or from homes
where a larger income is Injudiciously spent, the subsistence in the school
at a per capita expense of about $167 must seem an absolutely unlimited
amount and without price. Only the most unremitting care in teaching
real and comparative values and prices and methods of ecoiiomy of
material, could be effective in counteracting such influence. .
No Indian child should be allowed to leave school at or near maturity
without definite ideas of prices and comparative values of materials he
has handled and will require in the future. His ancestors took from
their surroundings whatever they saw the need of or could make use of
without thought of price and the system of government aid has done
much to foster a feeling that "the earth is his and the fruits thereof," so
while much of his success in the future is dependent on a knowledge of
values, his training along these lines seems hardly to have begun. He
must come to realize that everything is "bought with a price" and unless
he knows the price he will fare ill.
Home economic classes and industrial cottages furnish good vehicles
for the study of values in the administration of household affairs. A
budget may be planned for the expenditure of a certain fixed sum, and
all supplies bought and paid for to the one who issues them. If accounts
are carefully kept and balanced each month some definite knowledge
of the value of commodities and the cost of living is gained. To tell a
girl that a rib roast sells for twenty-five cents a pound j^ives her little
idea as to what- the meat bill may amount to, when she simply goes to
the meat room and asks for and receives what she wants. If she pays
a dollar for her five-pound roast she will soon realize it is better to choose
cheaper cuts and leafrn how to cook them especially as the food nutri-
ents are just as valuable.
Another line of horj^ economics training should be of the greatest
value to the Indian races, the care and feeding of children. A mistake
in the early feeding of a child ean never be wholly overcome. Much
of the dullness ,ftnjd inabijity to learn in chilciren is due to impoverish-
ment of the system from injudicious feeding. Mrs Louise Hogan in
her book; "How to Feed Children," says of the mother's need of instruc-
tion in dietetics: "Nature resents carelessness and is relentless in her
punishments. What the doctor calls cholera infantum, rickets, or
marasmus, etc., and the mother is inclined to consider a dispensation of
Providence, is only too frequently the du-ect result of violations of the
most common laws of domestic science." We are '^making brick with-
out straw" when we leave to entire ignorance a work of so much im-
portance.
The school diningroom may be made a most important class room
where the practice of thrift and the Uttle courtesies of meal intercourse
may be exemplified aud practiced daily. I can not beUeve that a child,
allowed to heap his plate with food and leave half of it, to break up and
leave bread and to see half his mates in the room daily doing the same
thing, can ever have the right idea of thrift, can ever escape the in-
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fluence of daily observing with indifference such waste of material.
Children may be served according to their wish as to quantity and then
required to clear the plate. This plan would at least develop judgment
as to need and capacity.
Bread is an expensive food for pigs and chickens and there should
be none to serve them, for all crumbs from the bread-room may be
5oa1ced and used in the meat gravy, a dietetic improvement over gravy
made with flour in many ways.
Everything that can be done to make the most of the Government
ration is worth while, both in improving the meal and as examples of
thrift. Extra effort is required to toast the 'hard bread*' but the crisp-
ness aid nutty flavor gained repays the effort. When rice is not eaten
otherwise it serves good purpose and nourishes the system just as well
used as thickening for the gravy. In the absence of eggs or sour milk
sauce made from dried peaches or apples will enable the baker to make
a palatable cake and boiled rice, mashed potato and molasses form the
basis of a very good doughnut. Cornmeal which can not be used in
other ways may be used in small quantities in yeast bread and serve a
good purpose there.
A taste for vegetables may be inculcated through instruction and
serving in palatable condition. The succulent green foods are most
valuable eaten raw but when cooked tne water in which they are boiled
should be served as a sauce or in soup as it contains much of the valu-
able mineral salts the system requires. ^
Such vegetables as cabbage, onions and turnips should always be
cooked in an open kettle as the volatile oils will then pass off in the
steam and thus prevent the strong taste produced and dark color seen
when retained in the kettle to be taken up in the food and make it
indigestible and unpalatable.
We should eat to build up the system and furnish feed for its
activities not simply for the pleasures of taste. But how can children
know this without teaching^ We see daily the character of the human
brick in which the proper dietetic straw has been withheld and the
high rate of mortality among children is very largely due to the dis-
orders caused by improper feeding.
Classroom, shops and farm may all be made fruitful fields for the
planting and growth of a knowledge of values. Problems for class room
consideration have an added interest when related to the industrial
work on hand at the time, and discussions by the farm detail of the cost
of seed, water, fertilizers, implements and labor requbed together with
the yield expected, and the shop pupils of the cost of material, labor
and value of the finished product may link industrial and academic work
into a harmonious whole, a means of instruction in a much needed sub-
ject. Unless we make every effort along these lines, are we doing all
we can?
Making Most.
of tii«
Goveromen!
Ratiof^
^^^
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The Native American
THE PALACE OF THE GOVERNORS
OF NEW MEXICO
By PAUL A. F. WALTEK, Sccrcuiry of the School
For more than three centuries the history
of the southwest centered in the long, low,
massive adobe building at Santa Fe, New
Mexico, known as the palace of the governors.
Here reigned one hundred executives of New
Mexica, some with "high autocratic hand,
others weak and vacillating, under Spanish,
Indian, -Mexican, and American regimes.
During the Pueblo revolution of 1680 one
thousand men, women and children were
crowded into this building and its placita
while hordes of Indians were hurling them-
selves against its two protecting towers, their
arrows and their missiles falling in showers
upon the cowering and frightened mass of
Spaniards who replied feebly with cannon
and firearms. The Spaniards finally made
their escape and retreated in a njemorable
march to El Paso on the Rio Grande.
Under the Mexican regime, the old build-
ing began to fall into decay. From time to
time sporadic attempts were made at re-
pairing the damage wrought by time and
neglect. But it was not until a few years
ago that the restoration was undertaken in
a systematic and thorough manner. Dr
Edgar L. Hewett, director of the school of
American archaeology, was the first to
arouse enthusiasm for the proposition to re-
store to its pristine glory the Palace of Govern-
ors. Strange to say, he met with opposition
and enmity in this undertaking, but he finally
scured legislative assistance as well as pow-
-erful support elsewhere, and accomplished
what many had told him would be a hope-
less task. I'he restoration was completed a
few mouths ago. The work of construction
under the restoration plans was done under
the supervision of Jesse Nusbaum, a mem-
ber of the staff of the school of archaeology,
and a master workman of rare skill.
The building is one-twentieth of a mile
long and is built in what is known as the
of American Archaeology, in Southern Workman,
Franciscan style, showing a mixture of the
architecture of both Spain and New Mexico,
as evolved by and adapted to the south-
western environment The simplicity of out-
line gives the structure a rugged beauty. A
tower terminates each end and th6 pictur-
esque portal recalls that the building was
at one time a castle, a fortress, and a prison,
in addition to being the Palace of the Govern-
ors. Today, it houses the museum of New
Mexico with priceless treasures of archaeologi-
cal interest taken from the numerous cliff
dwellings in the immediate vicinity of Santa
Fe. The installation of the museum is re-
cent and the specimens are scientifically ar-
ranged in glass cabinets or in cabinets built
into the walls, some of which are eight feet
thick and built upon the prehistoric walls
of a village which may have existed a thou-
sand or more years ago. Most striking and
happy are the mural paintings which illus-
trate the environment that produced the
specimens displayed in the same museum
room. They are the gift of the Hon. Frank
Springer, one of New Mexico's most famous
scientists and ablest members of the bar.
The palace also houses the school of Ameri-
can archaeology, one of the five archaeologi-
cal schools maintained by the American
Institute of Archaeology, the others being in
Greece, Italy, Palestine and China The His-
torical society of New Mexico, too, has its
museum in the building. In addition there
are three fine libraries — one on linguistics, a
library of New Mexicana and a private
archaeological library. New Mexico is proud
of this palace of the governors and considers
it the most famous landmark in the United
States as it certainly is the oldest govern-
ment building north of Mexico.
It is probable a new wing will be added
to it by the next legislature to serve as an
art gallery. A notable collection of south-
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June 20, 1914
335
western paintings has already been made
and three artists of note are connected with
the school. Mr. Springer, above mentioned,
recently gave a commission to Donald
Beauregard, just returned from Paris, for
seven mural panels of heroic size to depict
the life of St. Francis d'Assisi. These
paintings will be exhibited in the New Mex-
ico building at the San Diego exposition and
upon their return will be placed in the pro-
posed aft gallery.
Indian Land Saloon Closing Is Upheld
The policy of the Federal Government in
closiuij all saloons in the Indian lands ceded to
the United States in 1855 and now constitut-
ing a greater portion of the state of Minnesota
north of the forty-sixth parallel was upheld
today by the Supreme Court. — Sherman Bul-
letin.
A Warning
Not many years ago a person visiting a
western town of a few thousand inhabitants
could have seen a certain Indian young man
habitually riding about in an automobile
with a bull pup in the seat beside him. On
some occasions there were in the company
besides the bull pup a few convivial spirits
of one sex or another, all taking their joy at
the expense of the Indian. If you should
chance to look up this same young fellow
today you would find him in a rural com-
munity boarding with his widowed mother.
This was a youth of ability, who obtained
all the training one of the leading Indian
schools could give him. He was urged by
interested teachers and others, because he
had conspicuous ability in certain lines, to
go to an institution where his talent could
be developed so as to place him on a bread-
winning footing. However, the lure of the
reservation with its freedom from striving,
from care and from discipline, was too strong
far his weak will, and he went home. Find-
ing he h id a good allotment and that it
would be easy for a graduate of so well
known a school to obtain a patent in fee. he
obtained that instrument, sold His birthrigtJt
and proceeded to make a spectacle of himself.
Now he has no calling, no land, ho'nioneyl
no convivial friends and no buli'pup. This
is ^ true story. Does it contain any le^on
for you, Indian young man'l— Indian School
Journal,
The First Indian Printer
Probably the fin^t Indian who learned the
printing trade was a boy taught at the charity
school at Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1*659.
John Eliot said he had but one marf,JviZ'., the
Indian printer, who was able, to compos^ the
sheets and correct the press with under-
standing.—Of?er Sea and Land.
Citizenship Prizes
Eight third prizes have been receiyed by
pupils of this school in the citizenship essay
contest, each prize accompanied by a let-
ter of commendation and encouragement
from Commissioner Cato Sells. The follow-
ing are the successful, •competitors: Amy
Beardsley, eighth grade; Emma P. Cl^rk,
seventh B; John McNary, sixth ^A; Maya
Dominguez, fifth A; Louisa Adams, fourth A.
Guy Maktima. fourth B; Minnie Breckenridge,
third adult; Willie Allison, third grade small.
Dr. Breid Accompanies Klan\ath PupiTs
Dr. Breid left on Thursday morning on the
Southern Pacific for Klamath Agency, near
Klamath Falls, Ore*gon. He accompanied a
party of students from the schdols to their
homes, among whom were Ruth .Williams,
Margaret Davis, Fay Mitchejl an'd Roy,
Braden. ' " ' * [ '
From Klamath Falls Dr. Breid expects to*go
to Lapwai, Idaho, to attend a conference of
physicians and surgeons who dre .coijnected
with the Indian Service, where tubercuFosis^
and trachoma will be the 5peci.al ^subjects
considered.
Born— On May 31, 19l4, to Mr. and Mrs.
Elmo Sunna, a boy.
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I he Native American
The Native Amekican
lotcred at Phoeoh^ Arizona, as Second Clata Mall Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An llluitrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
eati6n and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United Slates Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWaiTTY-FIVK OKNTS A YE3AR
^ ._
tJeorge Webb, who has been with Dr.
Perkifis, is now at his home at Gila Crossing.
Frank Whitman is among the patients at
the hospital.
Norman Cassidore left for his home at San
Carfos on Tuesday;
Carl Kinney hopes to be able to return to
tilobe soon to visit his sister and family.
Fernando Rodriguez went to San Diego
on Tuesday to sp^nd the month of July.
Mrs. P. A. Venne left on Tuesday evening
for San Diego, California, for a month's va-
cation.
Mr. Wiley and his boys are building the
walls of the addition to the schooi hospital.
The painters' detail is busy doing the work
on the buildings of the Cook Bible school
across the campus on Indian School road.
Grant Zalwar, whose time is out at the
school, has taken a position with the Phoenix
Cleaning works.
Roy Peters, whose work at the school club
has proved very satisfactory, is now cook at
"The Palms," Mrs. Goodman's ranch.
Eschief Clark has a position with the
Donofrio company, where he worked last
year.
Isadore Domingo and George Paul are
woiking for Dr. Perkins on his ranch west
of Phoenix.
The Native American acknowledges the
/mnouncement of the closing exercises of
Seneca school at Wyandotte, Oklahoma,
Mrs. J. F. Krebs has gone on a visit to
her sister, Mrs. A. E. Spaulding, in Tucson
and will later go to Loe Angeles for a month.
Engineer Perry has rented his house in
Phoenix and with his family has moved
into the industrial cottage until their house-
keeping quarters are available.
Mr. Venue's social committee had charge
of a "pop" social held on the lawn last Mon-
day evening. The affair was general and
"pop" handed out to every one free of charge.
Ricardo Padilla, who has been in the em-
ploy of the Phoenix Bottlmg works for sev-
eral seasons past during the summer vaca-
tion, has been engaged by them for this sea-
son's work.
Miss White, who has been spending the
past fortnight at the "Garden of Allah" near
Wickenberg, came down Tuesday evening in
response to a call from the oflBce where her
services were in demand.
Yohola, son of Mrs. Posey, arrived at the
school Sunday from Muskogee, Oklahoma.
The young man expects to enter the third
year class at the Phoenix high school next
year.
The end of the week finds scores of In-
dians from the reservations camped on the
outskirts of the campus waiting for their
children who are to accompany them home
to remain for the next several weeks.
Now that Mr. Klingengberg has that wild
motorcycle pretty well tamed it is not an
uncommon stunt of his to run over to Mari-
copa or Salt River reservation and back
before breakfast. He usually returns with
a passenger on the rear seat of the vehicle.
Dr. A. E. Marden, school physician, left on
Monday night for Boston* where he expects
to take some special study in the post-gradu-
ate department of the Harvard Medical
school. He will be gone about six weeks.
Dr. Breid has charge of the general medical
work at the Phoenix school during Dr. Mar-
den's absence.
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June 20, 1914
337
Louise WatchmaD left last night on the
Santa Fe for her home at Ft. Defiance. Super-
intendent Goodman took her to the train in
his car which was filled with her friends to see
her off. She expects to return in September
and bring others of her tribe to enter school*
Music lovers in Washington, D. C, were
much interested at a recent concert of the
Washington Symphony orchestra in the first
performance of a second Indian rhapsody
composed by the condi^^tor of the orchestra,
Heinrich Hammer. The themes were based
on melodies collected from the Chippewa In-
dians by Miss Dinsmore of the Smithsonian
Institute.
Edward Flores and Morgan Watson com-
prise a part of Mr. Holmes' baling crew
near Desert Curve on the Glendale line
These two young men worked for Mr.
Holmes last year and their work proved so
satisfactory that he wanted them this sea-
eon as early as they were available.
William T. Moore has a fine summer
position at the Home Builders* planing mill
where he was employed last summer. Wil-
liam received his training at the school car-
penter shop and his work last summer was
so very satisfactory that he was asked for
this year.
Howard Manuelito, who has become an
expert dairyman at the school dairy, has a
position for the summer months at the
large Connors* dairy. He will receive $30
per month while there. There is quite a
demand for dairymen and boys who make
good in Mr. Francis* department have no
trouble m getting work with good wages.
The school plunge is the Riverside park
of the campus, To be sure it lacks the
brilliancy of the colored lights and the cas-
cade and a few other useful and ornamental
surroundings but from the point of com-
fort and pleasure it compares favorably with
any plunge. We could use another to good
advantage.
Mrs. Dixon accompanied her kitchen detail
on a picnic last night. A splendid time is
the verdict of all who were in the party.
Among the girls who have joined the out-
ing force for the summer are Amelia Miguel
and Marianna Rhodes, who have gone with
families to Iron Springs; May Chimavela and
Annie T. Moore are in Phoenix and Ida Rich-
ardson is in Prescott.
An informal discussion of the Mexican
situation by the Hon. William Howard Taft,
who has recently been elected president of
the Hampton Institute board of trustees, ap-
pears in the June Southern Workman.
Mr. Taft compares the condition to be faced
in Mexico, in event of a war, with the system
of guerilla warfare required in the tranquil-
izmg of the Philippines.
Louise Watchman and Thirza Mountain,
two of the girls who have received employ-
ment and instruction in Mrs. Goodman's
household the past year during the work
hours, were given permission to take a party
of about twenty-five friends to the fruit
ranch Tuesday evening. They were chaper-
oned by Mrs. McLaughlin, Mrs. Diven and
Miss Rice. After a delightful time spent
at the ranch they drove back to the school
where they were served with refreshments
by the Robinson brothers on the lawn.
A large percentage of the school pupils
leave at the end of the week for their sum-
mer vacation. A number of boys and girls
will spend their time at home on the near-
by reservation, while not a few go to north-
ern and southern California, Oregon, Okla-
homa and other distant points. There is a
demand for school students during the sum^
mer-^the girls as house girls, many of them
going with families to the coast and moun-
tain resorts, and the boys for work in the
harvest fields, the downtown shops and for
general work around homes of Phoenix and
Prescott people. Others remain at the school
to assist in keeping up the industrial work
until relieved by the first detail.
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The Native American
AN OLD LANDMARK GONE
An old landmark on the campus was
razed this week to make room for one or
two cottages for employees* use, work on
which will probably be begun in the near
future.
The location which is a very desirable one
is just east of the cottage occupied by the
disciplinarian and his family, and opposite
the north side of the large boys home. The
building was originally used as a school
barn until the barn in use at present was
constructed when the "old barn" was con-
verted into a gymnasium for the boys.
Later when broom making was added to the
indastrial department work it was used
as a broom factory, and at one time it was
partitioned off and used for housekeeping
quarters. It has also served for storeroom
purposes and altogether has been one of the
most useful places connected with the insti-
tution and will be missed by the older em-
ployees of the, school.
CONFERENCE OF MEDICAL SUPERVISORS
Dr. Breid left Thursday morning to attend
a conference of the Indian Service physi-
cians of the northwest at the Fort Lapwai
Indian sanatorium at Lapwai, Idaho, June
23 to 24 inclusive.
The conference will be conducted by Dr.
Joseph A. Murphy of Washington, D. C, medi-
cal supervisor of the Indian Service; John N.
Alley, M.D., superintendent of Fort Lapwai
sanatorium; William H. Harrison. M. D, of
Washington D. C, trachoma specialist of
the United States Indian Service; Harry L.
Hale, D. D. S., of Washington, D. C . dental
specialist of the United States Indian Serv-
ice.
The subjects under discussion at the con-
ference will be "Tuberculosis," "Trachoma,"
and "Oral Hygiene and General Infectious
Diseases," and papers have been prepared by
some of the most eminent physicians and
surgeons of the northwest. Among the
papers to be presented June 23 is one by
Dr. Murphy on "Tuberculosis among the
Indians," and one on "Institutional Treat-
ment of Tuberculosis" by Dr. Jacob Breid,
assistant superintendent of the Phoenix In-
dian school and physician at the East Farm
sanatorium.
An interesting feature of the conference
will be a reception held at the employees'
building on the evening of June 23 given in
honor of the visiting physicians.
PANAMA EXPOSITION EXHIBITS
Albert Poleesva (Jfopi), under the direc-
tion of Mr. Krebs of the painting depart-
ment, is working on a pictorial sign which
shows the administration building of the
school with the entrance, done in double
line perspective. The .work is done in gold
and silver leaf and when completed will be
very artistic and beautiful in its perfect
contrast and harmony.
Albert is also putting the finishing touches
with his hair pencil on a. miniature wagon
being constructed by the wagon shop boys,
in charge of T. F. Moore. The small wagon,
complete in every detail, is hand work, as
are the tiny iron bolts, bars and springs, and
while as a specimen of beautiful workman-
ship it cannot hut interest all who under-
stand what a perfectly made wagon means,
as a work of art it will interest all others.
The other industrial departments are en-
gaged in getting their exhibits ready for ilie
exposition and the school will be represented
by a display which is sure to attract much,
attention.
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<June 20, K14
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As Others See Us
The Native American, United States In-
dian School. Phoepix, Arizona — Your papers
are of a different nature than most of our
exchanges and we hardly know how to
criticize. Your frontispieces are all very
good and give to your school a high standard.
— Lewis and Clark Journal
As We See Others
The Native American acknowledges receipt
of the senior number of the Lewis and
Clark Journal, published by the Lewis and
Clark high school, Spokane, Washington.
It is a beautiful specimen of printer's art
and reflects great credit on the pupils who
had charge of its publication.
forward inclination of the head. Hold the
book up. Sit erect also when you write.
That at brief intervals you rest the eyes
by looking off and away from the book for
a few moments.
And you are further cautioned to avoid
as much as possible books and papers printed
in small type, and especially such as are
poorly printed; also to avoid straining or
overtaxing the sight in any way.
You may need to be reminded of the great
importance of thoroughly cleansing the eyes
with soft, pure water both morning and
evening. — Selected,
Saturday Half Holiday
President Wilson has ordered that Govern-
ment employees be required to work only
four hoars on Saturdays between June 15
and September 15.
Applying Civil Service Principles
Charles E. Norton, disbursing agent at the
Kiowa agency, has been promoted to the
superintendency at Ponca, Oklahoma. Such
promotions as this and at Otoe and Pawnee
evidently made on merit the Journal Ukes
to see, for it serves to stimulate ambition
and to encourage the principles of civil
service throughout the field. — Indian School
Journal
Caution
Reader, your epesight is worth more to
you than any information you are likely to
gain from any book, however valuable it may
be. You are therefore earnestly; cautioned:
To be sure that you have sufficient light,
and that your position be such that you not
only avoid the direct rays upon your eyes,
but that you also avoid the angle of reflec-
tion. In writing, the light should be received
over the left shoulder.
That you avoid a stoopmg position and a
Additional Local Items
Hon. Levi Chubbuck stopped over at the
school enroute from El Paso to his home at
Riverside, California. Mr. Chubbuck is al-
ways a welcome visitor.
J. F. Stallard a former employee of the
Phoenix school, but now connected with the
Truxton Canon school, is spending a few days
here on school business and renewing oid
acquaintances.
W. A. Higgins of Glendale, formerly a
teacher at this school, was a visitor on the
campus Thursday evening.
Mr. Pfeifer*8 blacksmith department
shows a perfectly made anvil in miniature
size, with a complete set of tools, the work
of Don Atakuku iHopi); Fay Mitchell
(Klamath), three small and one medium
sized riveting hammers; Howard Lasilo
(Zuni), two ball pien hammers and two
wrenches; John Taylor (Osage), a pair of
blacksmith*s ferrule tongs.
Juniper from the Indian reservations in
New Mexico and Arizona may prove an ex-
cellent source of material for lead pencils.
Manufacturers are searching the world for
pencil wood. — Indian School Journal
Our flag is the symbol of sovereignty, the
emblem of the love of country. It ought to
float wherever the spirit of this great coun-
try is at work. — Abram S. Hewitt
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The Native Americwi
FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Fort Defiance, Arizona
The Native American acknowledges an in-
vitation to the closing exercises of theNava-
ho training school at Fort Defiance, June 18.
The interesting program was as follows:
Instrumental music —
Hearts and Flowers Ahseebah
Duet from Faust
Rose Peshlakai and Mary Zah
Tna Prownik Band
Synopsis
A number of little girls go tT> have a picnic and
spend the day in the woods.
During the day one ef them gets lost, but the
Brownies and Faries guard and care for her, change
her to Lily aud return her safe to her playmates in
the evening.
Opening chorus School
Brownies at Play Smallest boys
To the Woods we Go School
Two L/ittle Birds Freddie Upshaw
L/ittle Wee Wee Smallest girls
Sweet Butterflies Small girls
Wood Nymphs Six girls
L/Ost in the Woods Chabbah
The Brownie Band Smallest boys
Gypsy Band Ten girls and boys
Flower song Eight girls
The Fairy Princess Chee Slivers
Billie Big-eyes and Tommie L/onswins Owls
I'm a Brownie Carl Peter Javn
L/uUaby song All fairies
The Lilly song Brownies
Brownie Charm
Home Again School
Good-night, Farewell School
Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kansas
Indian Leader.
Dr. Charles F. Meserve, former superinten-
dent of Haskell, in his parting address to the
gtaduates of Shaw university, North Carolina,
of which school he is president, said: "I want
you to know that some of the loveliest charac-
ters," someof the best examples of independent
thinking and plean living, some of the most
attractive homes and beautiful lives I have
found during the last quarter of a century,
have been among the Indians of the west and
the negroes of the south.**
The Kansas Daughters of the American
Revolution under the leadership of Mrs. A. M.
Harvey of Topeka arc planning to preserve
the burial ground of the Potawatomis, six
miles southwest of Topeka. The rock-marked
graves of all the Indians cannot now be seen,
but a white marble monument still marks the
resting place of Chief Burnett or Kah-he-ga-
wa-ti-an-gah. Chief Burnett was noted for
his great size. Some of the old-timers say
that he weighed five hundred pounds. It is
thought that at the time of his death he prob-
ably weighed four, hundred pounds. After
the chief's death the land upon which the
grave was located was deeded to his wife.
The D. A. R. propose to enclose this with a
suitable fence.
Sherman Institute, Riverside, California
Sherman Bulletin.
James R. Wheelock arrived here this morn-
ing from Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Mr. Whee-
lock will assume the duties of bandmaster. He
found a number of friends already here who
gave him a cordial welcome.
Miss Anna E. Meyers of Bayfield, Colorado,
arrived Sunday, having been appointed matron
at the farm.
Among the first load of freight coming through
the Panama canal is a consignment for Sher-
man Institute. It is some special material for
the printing department and the printshop boys
are somewhat puffed up over tlie distinction.
Following their annual custom of entertain-
ing the employees on Flag day Superintendent
and Mrs. Conser will hold a reception at their
residence on Saturday evening. Flag day is
the wedding anniversary of Mr. and Mrs.Conscr
and the Bulletin extends congratulations with
best wishes for many happy returns.
Rosebud, South Dakota
By Special Corretpondent.
On Friday, May 29, with a very simple and
impressive ceremony, the cornerstone of the
new Rosebud Indian Boarding school was laid.
It will long be remembered by both children
and employees of the school as each one had
an active pari in the real laying of the stone.
Mr. Stephen Olop, United States superintend-
ent of construction in charge of the work,
planned the ceremony and seemed delighted
with the hearty interest all showed in making
it a grand occasion. Both the children and
employees signed their names to a document
Mr. Olop prepared in which each pledged
themselves to do all in their power at all times
for the good of the school. The signed docu-
ment was then placed in a tin box and buried
under the stone which was set with mortar
mixed by the children. After an address by
Mr. Olop and prayers by the Rev. Mr. Pinker-
ton the children saluted the flag and all sang
**America.*'
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Many interesti'^g^ photographs were taken,
durinij the ceremony of the children and In-
<lians who graced the occasion in their full
^?var regalia.
Bishop Biller, the Episcopal bishop of South
Dakota, visited Rosebud reservation and con-
firmed over seventy candidates. Twelve girlt
and three boys from the boarding scItjoI were
confirmed at that time and we sincerely hope
iHat they will live up to the vow they have
taken. The following were the candidates
from the boarding school:
Moses Blue Horse, Solomon Slow Fly, Moses
Slow Fly, Rose Collins, Nancy White Wash,
Dora Wooden Ring, Am^ Iron Shell, Lillian
Swift Bear, Ella Makes Good, Emma Little
Eag-le, Julia Neck Shield, Mary Leading Cloud,
Jessie Shot At, Lizzie Bear Old Women,
Ivillian Fast Dog.
Rosebud has a real live rustler as seamstress.
Mrs. Lewis, the seamstress, leaves for her va-
cation next week. Although not at the school
the full school year and the sewing- far behind
owing to the burning of the school last year
she has finished all work and has part of her
work done for next term. Each girl will have
a new uniform to start with when she returns
to school next fall. The children and em-
ployees are proud of Mrs, Lewis and appreciate
the fine work she has done and example she is
at all times to the children.
Chilocco, Oklahoma
Indian School Journal.
The news dispatches state that Capt. John
McA. Webster, superintendent at the Spokane'
Washington, reservation, has resigned. Also
that Superintendent Miller of Ponca, Okla-
homa, has done the s»arae.
Word comes to us that one of our old stu-
dents, Nora Murie of Pawnee, Oklahoma, re-
cently passed away. Nora was at one time a
popular student here.
F. R. Schenck, Government irrigation en-
gineer, made Chilocco a visit this month to
look over proposed water improvements here.
John F. Thompson, who for several years
has occupied the position of property clerk at
Chilocco, has been transferred and promoted
to the position of principal of the Yankton
boarding school. South Dakota. Mr. and Mrs.
Thompson left here May 15 for their new home.
Mr. Thompson was a faithful and reliable em-
ployee, and we are pleased to see him pro-
moted.
A shipment of Chilocco hogs topped the
Oklahoma City market May fifteen at $8.87 J
per owt. The car brought Sl,337.70. The
Chilocco farmers should be proud of the fact
that only one shipment, under the present
management, has failed to get lop price on
day of selling. The reason we fa^ed the one
time was because our hoi^^s were a little light
in weight, not off in quality.
School Room Notes^
Morgan Watson, qneof the power house boys,
has gone out working for the summer and is
going to save some of his money to spend when
he goes home.
I am soon to leave for my home and the ques-
tion is what can Ido to help my people. There
are a great manythipgs I can do to help them.
I owe a great deal to them. I can make the
house fit to live in and make it happier and
do all the things I learned while atthe Phoenix
Indian school, which will show what the school
has done for me.
There are ever so many things in which w«
girls and boys can help our people when we
go home, such as going to church, but am glad
to say that our Indians at home don't have to
be told for most every one attends church
whether it is hot or cold. We can also help
them along on their work through the summer
and winter. The girls when they go should
try and do most of the cooking and housework
in order to give their poor mothers a rest, and
the bo> s should try and do the same for their
fathers.
I received a nice long interesting letter from
my cousin, Jennie M. Parson, stating that she
is having a very good time in Long Beach,
California. She said that she goes out swim-
miiig in the ocean.
The friends of John Enas are glad to see him
around the campus, staying just for a few days
after which he goes back to his place.
My parents have not been educated. When
I go home I will help them \>y telling and teach-
ing them the white ways of life.
Yesterday I received a letter from Alice
Ygnacio and she says that thqf were having
some fine rain at home.
I can help my people by trying to make use
of what I have learned while here, such as keep-
ing the home clean and keeping things in order
about the house.
The boys and girls were given a treat of soda
**pOp** Monday evening on the lawn.
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342
The Native American
PIMA INDIANS PETITION GOVERNOR HUNT
A short time ago the following petition
was directed to Governor Hunt in connection
with the proposed bill providing for the con-
struction of the San Carlos reservoir. It is
a striking illustration of Indian advance-
ment in these parts.
We, the Pima and Maricopa Indians of
Maricopa county on the Gila Rivec Indian
reservation, in council assembled, have listened
to your kind offer of assistance in the obtain-
ing of our water rights; and for which we are
very grateful.
And since you ask us in what way you can
help us, we beg that you use your influence in
Congress in having the present bill pending so
amended as to include the Pima and Maricopa
Indians in Maricopa county under the San
Carlos project.
We also ask that the wording concerning the
640-acre prison farm be so guarded that this
land cannot be taken from the Indian reser-
vation. We wish it further made plain in this
bill that our special locality coming under this
project does not mean the sinking of wells and
obtaining power for their pumping for the
irrigation of our lands. It is the river water
only we want and in all justice have the first
right to.
Our existence as a respectable body pf Indians
depends upon our getting this water. Under
our present system of irrigation from the Gila
and Salt rivers, we cannot get enough water
to make a living. Wkh the exception of a few
families, our average.'cash income per annum
per family is about $75.0a And were it not
that we were able to sell wood for fuel we
would become paupers wholly dependent upon
the United States Government. Perhaps you
are aware that wejneither receive nor ask (ex-
cept in a very few cases) financial aid from
the Government, but when our forests are cut
down and there is no more to sell, if we do
not have a better supply of water we will be
compelled, much against our wishes, to ask
the Grovernment to take care of us.
We were once fairly prosperous, before the
white people came in large numbers and took
away much of the water above us. At that
time we raised plenty of wheat and sold it to
the early white settlers. This ought to be
proof that we are not lazy people and would
make good use of the water should we get it.
We are now fast becoming civilhzed and
Christianized and think we could do much
better had we but the opportunity that we had
forty years ago. Fully three-fourths of our
youn,g people can read and write the English
language. Over half of our people are mem-
bers of some church and one-fourth of the re-
mainder are church adherents.
We beg of you also that you use your great
influence to enlist other good white people in
our cause, as we are much in need of friends,
because not only our water rights are in dang^er
of being lost but some white people are trying
to take away from us part of our land we are
now using for grazing purposes, and part of
which could be irrigated under the San Carlos
project. It is not long since a number of
citizens of Arizona petitioned Congress for
that very thing.
We, the Indians of this particular locality,
are about twelve hundred in number, and the
census shows we are increasing and con-
sequently we will need every foot of our land,
either for grazing or cultivating.
As you rtiay know, we have always been
friendly to the white people. Only one white
man was ever killed by our tribe and that was
because he had, without provocation, killed one
of our number and the white people were con-
sulted about it first and advised us to take the
matter in our own hands.
In the early days white people on their way
to California always felt safe when they reached
our reservation. We even sent out guards to
meet them and help them through hostile
countries, and also we sent with them an es-
cort to travel a long ways with them when thej
were leaving us.
Perhaps even you, sir, are aware that it wa»
the Pima who saved the entire body of early
white settlers from being massacred. At this
time four of the most powerful tribes of this
western country sent representatives to us to
enlist us in a federation to destroy all the white
people in Arizona, which they could hare
easily done at that time. But not only did we
refuse, but persuaded them to give up their
plan.
Now things have changed. We are in great
need and instead of assisting us some of the
white people are attempting to rob us of what
little we possess.
But from the civilization and Christianity we
have learned frota the white people we cannot
(Contlnned on page 344.)
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343
Preserving the American Indian Tribes in Plaster
The colors that mark the complezioas of the
C^roups of representatives of American Indian
tribes in the glass cases at the National Mu-
seum seem as indelible as the memory of an
unkind word from the lips of a friend.
One wanders up and down the spacious cor-
ridors in the ethnological section of the mu-
seum and pauses for a moment here and for a
longer time there, admiring the people rep-
resented. If one is a woman she wishes she
had some of the exquis'te bead work that
adorns the clothing of the figures. Or if on»
belongs to the stronger but equally humanly
covetous sex, he is apt to wish his figure were
as perfect and his muscles as finely developed.
Few stop to think of the labor, research and
skill that must be brought to focus before
these pleasing groups are ready for exhibition.
All these human elements must have the
ripening influence of Father Time before the
thing as a whole is in shape, but so skillful
have been the minds and hands that had a
part in the making of these groups that the
highest attainment in art has been accom-
plished, **the art that conceals art.'*
While many people are engaged in making
a group a perfect unit as a finished product,
the original idea of what shall be shown must
necessarily come from one brain, one directing
power. In the case of the anthropological
exhibit, thai power is William H. Holmes,
head curator of the National Museum. Under
his direction seventeen groups have been
made illustrative of the tribes from the most
northern point of land on the western hemi-
sphere, down across the plains through Mexico
and Guatemala and on to Brazil and the far-
off peninsula of Patagonia.
Ideas come to all, but not all the most cher-
ished ones are so practical as those of Profes-
sor Holmes. He knows what he wants — knows
definitely just what tribes are most typical of
a section of country — and knowing that is a
big step along the way; but it is the first one
only. lyife masks and photographs of many
members of the tribes in question must be
taken, individual pictures as well as family
groups, and of the accessories of the group as
it is to appear when finished.
Sometimes the photographs of as many as
thirty or forty people are necessary to get
what is required for the composite group— or
rather as a working nucleus for those who take
up the work where the photographer leaves
off with his developed and printed picture.
*'Will you tell me something of the process
of the making — the actual construction of these
groups?" the interviewer asked Professor
Holmes.
**That,'* he replied, **vou can best ascertain
by visiting the workrooms downstairs, where
Mr. Egberts puts the finishing touches on them.
Or you could visit the studio of Mr. Dunbar,
where the figures are cast.**
*'Does Mr. Dunbar work entirely from draw-
ings or — ?*'
Professor Holmes grasped the thought of
the question before the words were uttered, and
he interrupted just where the interviewer
wished to be stopped.
**The figures are all posed for by living mod-
els. They are exact as to detail of eyes and
expression. There is nothing left to guesswork
when the figure is being made, and you will
find the anthropological laboratory on the
ground floor," he added.
The interviewer found Mr. Egberts and his
assistant in the laboratory surrounded by casts
in all stages of nudity and in all poses. There
were the white plaster casts just as they were
received from the sculptor, recumbent figures,
men playing at ground games and boys in
plaster, who looked as ready for a **frolic or a
fuss'* as the bluejackets of the United States
navy.
*'Our principal work comes in the coloring
of the figures," Mr. Egbert explained, "in
painting the skins the correct shade of aborigi-
nal flesh and in preparing the figures for their
clothes.**
**Do you coat the figures with wax?*' was
asked.
**By no means. Wax is not used in these
days, nor would it be possible to use such a
medium in this climate. We oil the figures
after polishing off their skins with a prepara-
tion, and after the oil has dried in we are
ready for the paint brush; that is, after all the
extremities have been properly attended to."
Scattered around the laboratory are casts
of arms, legs and other parts of human anat-
omy, as well as innumerable busts and heads
of prehistoric and present-day tribes. When
the figures are ready for their clothes and ac-
cessories about two-thirds of the process of
their preparation is completed, but the other
third is most important for the seemingly little
things are a vital factor in the make-up of a
perfect picture.
No society belle getting ready for her pre-
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344
The Native American
sentation at court has more lime and infinite
pains put upon lier wardrobe than do the>e
lay figures, for every detail of dress and adorn-
ment must be correct as to texture, color and
arrangement of drapery.
*'Come with me and we shall see how a
group actually grows," said Mr. Egberts, lead-
ing the way to the main floor where the cases
containing the cliief anthropological exhibit
are located.
*'L/end a hand here, Oscar,** he said to the
colored assistant who was working behind one
of the cases, and there, when the two men had
shoved the case to one side, was a motley array
of parts and accessories, implements of Indian
warfare and household goods of a simple kind,
bowls and the ever-present *'piki'* stone upon
which the meal is prepared.
Passing around to an alcove formed by other
cases, the interviewer came to the particular
case for which many of these things were to
be used. There in the corner was the tyj)ical
chiii^ney place of the Hopi Indians, the chim-
ney formed of discarded earihen cooking pots
with the bottoms broken away and the pots
piled one upon another. It is owe of the most
primitive forms of chimney, but with a dis-
tinctly modern flavor, for the Hopi housewife
does not believe in haying^her terite^moked up,
so she has a hood' made t6 carry off the smoke
and other odors.
After the main parts of the background, or
setting, have been completed the figures are
placed in position and their clothing arranged
in the most natural folds and puckers. Then
comes the distribution of the instruments of
labor, whether they be household utensils or the
settings for a sylvan scent; and finally the
earth or, if the picture be of the indoors, the
floor covering is arranged, the door closed and
locked and the scene is ready for your admira-
tion.
The family group, the men, women and
children, in their homes at their everyday
occupations, has been chosen as the best method
of showing to this and future generations
something of the lives of the people who were
Americans before America existed as such.
One of the most attractive groups in the col-
lection is that of Chilkat Indians. These peo-
ple live on the Lynn canal in southeastern
Alaska, and were selected by Professor Holmes
because they are the only type that siill retains
in a measure the aboriginal costume. They
have commercial relations with their neighbors
over the mountains, the Athapascan family,
and obtain from them horns and the wool of
the arctic goat.
The famous Chilkal blankets are not woven
upon a loom, but the foundation strands arc
suspended from a bar of wood and fall free at
the ends. Strange as it may seem, there is a
process similar to that used in making* gobelin
tapestry in the construction of a genuine Chil-
kat blanket, the figures being woven and in-
serted separately. The man in the group who
is being ofi^ered food from a quaint, wooden,
hand-carved dish is wearing one of these artis-
tically valuable blankets, and the head of the
family, seated while carving a mask, has an-
other less elaborate one about his shoulders
The Hupa group of northwestern California
represent the mixed tribes of California and
Oregon, and stand physically between the
large-bodied Sioux and the undersized Pueblo.
They are represented in the act of preparing
the evening meal, the man in the act of light-
ing a fire by the **twirling drill" and the wo-
men of his household pulverizing the freshly
gathered acorns which form a major portion
of their food.
From an artistic, as well as an instructive
point of view, the Patagoniangroupof Tehuel-
che Indians stand out prominently in the col-
lection. Here the head of the family, clad in
a skunk skin robe, is ready to mount his horse;
his wife has already' mounted and the child is
putting the halter on her pet ostrich prepara-
tory' to breaking camp and moving to other
parts.
The collection is not yet complete and it is the
hope of the curator that ac no far distant date
the museum will be able to perpetuate the
races of other countries than America by col-
leciions rejiresenting the family and the home
environment of the various peoples of the earth.
— W'as/iington Star.
PIMA INDIANS PKTITiON GOVERNOR HUNT
(Continued from page 342.)
believe that the better class of white people
understand our condition. We, therefore,
trust that since you have been so kindly dis-
posed toward us that you would use the power
of your great office to enlighten them.
Respectfully,
(Signed) Pancho Pabi^o,
Jno. C. Brbckbnridgb,
Wii^wAM Peters,
Cyrus Sun,
F. V. Richards,
Comtniiiee.
James Holing,
Anto.t,
Howard Sanderson,
JosiAH Moore, Chiefs.
Phoenix, Arizona, May 17, 1914.
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Zo (S)ur (Brabuates
Life blooms with promise and prospect,
Aglow with radiant light;
Golden peaks loom in the distance;
Oh, youth, mount up to the height.
Earth offers gifts rich and varied.
Unstinted, generous, fair.
Lavishly does she outpour them,
Fail not her abundance to share.
Statues lie hid in the marble.
Rich Jewels deep in the mine.
Strike with a resolute purpose.
Persist! Insist! They are thine.
Gates will ope wide at thy mandate
Success will smile fair, forsooth.
Failure ne'er follows high motive.
Persistence, devotion and truth.
Days lie behind you that tell us
Of purpose noble and great;
Days lie before for achievement.
Your strength, your worth they await.
Grand lies the future resplendent,
Speed on, shrink not nor delay.
Fair is the vista unfolding,
'Tis yours both now and alway.
-FANNY B. WILLIAMS.
Pine Ridsre. South Dakota.
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A DESERT EVENING
By JEAN BROOKE BURT, in LippincoiVs Magazine.
DUSK, and ihe purple shadovvs glide o'er the desert land.
Cooling the dust^parched cacti, hiding the sun-wh te sand;
The scent of the pa'o verde is sweet on ihe twilight air.
And the yucca palms are stirring, slender and frail and fair.
A weary pack-train, ghost" like, halts by the water^iank.
Where the mallow flowers blossom, bold and flaming and rank.
The brown bees circle the greasewood, and a lonely outcast cries.
The howl of a lean coyote raised to the saflron skies.
Distant the ragged foot-hills, seared and scorched by the sun.
Wait the caressing darkness, after the day is done.
And sweet from the pale mesquite tree, song of a feathered throat.
Haunting and wild and render the thrill of the mocking-bird's note.
Draw near to my arms, be'oved! Our camp-fire flickers and fails.
While the great stars lean above us here \A/here the rock-ONA/l calls.
Stretches of shimmering silver, and we and the desert moon.
Alone with the scented night-wind and the peace of a gray dove's
croon.
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CIS
'SOT FOR SC/IOOL. BUT FOB LIFX"
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Dtvotid to Indian Education
Volume IS June 27, 1914 9{umb€r 2fi
June 27, 1914
THE MEXICAN SITUATION ;
By WILLIAM HOWARD T^FT, rrcsident of Board of Trustees of Hampton Instiiute, in Southern Workman*
tE are a grent people. We admit it and therefore we don't have to prove
' it. The Lord has been very good to us. We have a great stretch of
"7 land, fertile and full of wealth. AH the peoples of the world havjp
A contributed to the making of our people. We have had an enormous
J material expansion. We have worked vigorously on the problem of
2) educating our peop'e, and I believe them to be educated up to as high
a standard as any in the world. We are a powerful people. When our energy is con-
centrated, with the resources we have at hand there isn't anything within our sight that
we do not seem to be able to accomplish, if we unite together and make the effort we are
-capable of making. We are a young people, with all the energy and imagination of a
young people.
The great resources and power we have, have thrust upon us responsibilities. The
peoples of the world are growing closer together. There has been a great spread of the
fraternal spirit. People today, and especially those who have made progress in civilizatino
and e iucation, are more interested than ever before in other peoples of the world. We
become, therefore, more neighborly. We feel greater responsibility with reference toother
nations and while we h ivo not constituted ourselves knights-errant to go about the world
relieving political suffering and political anarchy, yet when Pr ividence has thrust peop'e
and their woes upon us, we have not hesitated to take up the burden and to help them.
But we have always gone in for the pupose of helping. That is what we did in the Cuban
war. We beg>m that war to help the Cnbans, but you never can tell where war will bring
you out. We went into Santiago de Cuba, and we soon found ourselves ten thousand
miles away in ths P.iilippines, and we found there a people that needed our aid. But be-
f )re we were able to render them any aid at all we had to restrain them by force. We
learned to know, in doing such work, that if we are looking for the gratitude of a people a»
our chief reward, we had belter go out of the business of philanthropic government.
Now, I have been hoping that we should not have thrust upon us the same burden
with respect to the Mexican people. The Cuban war we went into because the conditions
there had made Cub i an international nuisance at our door, and it was our duty, therefore^
to go in and try to help that country to a better condition. We got the Philippine trouble
in the same way.
Mexico for fifteen years under President Diaz seemed to be prosperous, and in a way
it was. But in that fifteen years the government of that great country made an egregious
error. It did not give any attention to the education of the people of Mexico or the im-
provement of social conditions. The condition of great ownership of land and concentrie
tion of wealth in a few people, peonage, and the absence of education continued untfl
*An informal talk to Hampton students on April 23, 1914.
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848 The Native American
a younger generation arose and began to agitate against the tyranny of Diaz. They
Received promises from those who took up arms against Diaz that refrirms were to be
brought about, that lands would be divided, and that there would be a general millenium»
if they were only given power. Such promises are not confined to Mexico politicians. It
was as far from the truth in Mexico as it is in some other countries.
When Madero succeeded to the presidency, on the yielding of Diaz and the turning
*OVer of the government, he failed. His capacity for execution was not equal to his im«
jEigination and promises. He was overturned by Huerta and then he was killed, under
circumstances that are not fully known. Then they had, as in the earlier history of Mex-
ico, a regular succession of revolutions, and it has been going on ever since. The interests
of the people have been injured. Foreign interests have been sacrificed. Lives of foreign-
ers have been taken without due process of law, and a condition of anarchy has prevailed
in the northern provinces, where Villa and Carranza have been asserting their purpose to
sestablish a constitutional government with nothing to indicate that they know whnt that
is, and a good deal of disturbance even in the south where the federals have been in con-
trol.
Now, in view of the disregard of international courtesy at Tampico and a sdute of the
flag as apology, we have finally come into hostile relaiions with the federal government
carried on by General Huerta as provisional president.
If the flag incident were the oily reaso.i for our intervention, it misht. i-i view of
General Huerta's apology, seem very insuGficient iJround upon which to brin'4 about wiir —
if war is to follow. Some have hoped that this present movement in.iy end v\iih the
seizure of the two ports, Tampico and Vera C.uz, and that it m ly not ba necessary for iis
to proceed further. Those of us who know the kind of war that is to follow, if there is war,
pray that this may be true,
We are in the face of a great crisis, and there is not any reason why we should be blind as
to the strong probability of war before us. It is on that subject I should like to ^ive you
a few of the inferences I draw fro;n our previous experiences.
The technical reason for taking this course in seizing Vera Cruz and Tampico is the
seizure of our men in Tampico and their subreqiiettt idtase with aninadcquntcceienKudcii
expression of regret; but the real reason for the war, if it follows, as I liDpe it may not,
must, in history and in justice to the American people, rest upon the seemingly hopeless
condition that Mexico is in, and the obligation we have put upon ourselves to act in a
neighborly way. I speak from an international standpoint.
Perhaps you will not think it neiijhborly when I tell you what is likely to happen. In
an international way and in a historical sense, we have neirly reachtd the point where
our position, in respect to this continent and also Europe, is that we assume the responsi-
bility for peace in Mexico, For certainly Mexico has become a nuisance, from an inter-
national standpoint. If we engage in war, our only justification must be our neighborly
obligation to go in and tranquilize the country.
I observe from this morning's dispatches that the moment we commit an act of hos-
tility in Mexico, all parties there, hivever anxinus they are to kill each other, wil object
to our coming. They do not wish to be interfered with in that killmg by a neighbor.
Therefore, it is not unreasonable to expect that ultimately we shall find a general feeling
Cf active hostility to us on the part of our Mexican neighbors, when we go in and try to
tranquilize them for their own good. That is what we found in the Philippines. We found
a country in a state of anarchy, quite as it is in Mexico today. It was easy enough to
iubdue any organized forces of the so-called Philippine insurrectos. It took but a short
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Jane 27, 1914 34*
camo lign to disperse the armies of any size, and then the Filipinos conducted a warrard
in which they are adepts, and which any people partially civilized, can iraintain for 'a
lo:i4 lime an i by which they p-eseut great difficulties to the tranquilizing of their country?
especially where that country is tropical.
Li a tropical country, the chief feature of the people is not energy in manual labor,
but i;; M-xico, as in the Pallippiues they t ike to guerilla warfare as we do to a picnic in^
this ou itry. The couitry offirs retre its i\ mouatain?, ia forests, and oa trackless deserts/
from which they are able to visit the towns f.)r fo)d a 1 1 to whic^ they can retire a^ain/
To these places it is almost iaipossible for a military force to follow them. There were in
the island of L'lz^a perh\ps three million and a half of people. I.i the whole of tbe
Philippines there were some eijilit million. In Mexico there are fifteen million, Jn order
tobrini about tranquility in the Phihppiues it took ai army of 75.000 at 600 different'
posts, so that the pjsts were Meneraliy ia ch irge of officers of no higher rank than captafn.
Mmy were commanded by a first or second lieutenaiit and some even by a fergeant. >
This was after the organized military forces had been dispersed. If we go to war with^
Mexico we sha'l see this same ihi ig hiippea. Oar army will be formidable enough to drive
the Mexicans out of the large cities and the towns, and then will happen just what hap-?
pened in the Philippi les There were little knots of iasurrectos in the Philippines plairtedi
around every town. Ia MmiLi they waited oa the tables of the large hotels in the day ti«pe
and went out. got their riflis.aad fired into tha tovn at night. They were amrgos in the,
daytime— "heroes" at night.
We shall probably h ive to have a garrison in eVery town ia Mexico of any size at all''
Then we shall have to teacli our soldiers to hike. Do you know what hiking is? You
never tried it ia any country like Mexico and the Philippines. You never hiked it in the^
Philippines through the rice paddies, into the junj^les, into the mountains with no trail."
You never hiked it over a trackless desert like those in Mexico, where the sand is hot be^
yond expression and where the hot powdt-red sand blows and almost suffocates yccu.
A iierican soldiers will h ive to be trained to chase the Mexican over those plains and>
chate him so effectively that he can catch him, too. ..;
It took us about three years in the Philippines to train our men for the work there. I:
am not attempting to discourage you from enlisting. On the contrary, if your country
need< you, I am going to urge you to e dist. It is easy enough to enlist when you hav^
great e ithusiasm around you, when you don't ste anything but the gold lace and hear>
g Kjd music. But what you must do. if your country requires it— and it has a right to ex-;
act it (»f you— is that you enlist ^^ith your jaws set fast; with your eyes stern with the*
knowledge that you are going to encounter, not aloae bullets, but, in great probability, lo^s
of life or health from the disejses of a tropical country. You ought to go in with a knowP
edge of what you are undertaking. Do not go into it lightly like going to a ball. This is^
re il soldier work, but without co ispicuous glory and newspaper headline reward. It is the^
kin J that tests character, the kind that brings out all there is ia a man, that shows that he^
is a man. . - >
It is possible, and I certainly hope that it is true, that my prognostications as to l\e
extent of this camp u4n may not be well founded. But if we are going to enter upon ihistf
task, we ought to look at it from every side of it. If you feel called upon to respoad to>
your country's call, you must realize what you are doing. V
The young wome i to whom I am ad Iressing my remarks may be equally tested, for|
th3 work of nursing is a in^st important wjrk in the wake of the army. Andthesacrifice^^
(CoaUnued on page 352.) ' |
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The Natioe American
The Native Amewcan
^tered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
^ „
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKXTY-KIVK OKXTM A YF3AK
E. W. Hudson and M. F. Gilman of Sicaton
were at the school over night Monday.
Mr. and Mrs. Manuel Eischief are the
parents of a second d.mghter, born Monday
of last week at Gila Crossing.
Miss Hendrix visited over Sunday with
Dr. and Mrs. Fred Perkins on their ranch
west of the city.
Miss Viets of the East Farm sanatorium
has gone to her home at Coleman, Texas,
where she will spend her vacation.
Mr. and Mrs. Frederic Snyder of the
Santa Fe school write old friends here of
their delightful visit with relatives in the
east
Dr. Ellis of Salt River was a caller at the
•chool Monday. He says the Salt River
contingent will probably join the stay-at-
home club this summer.
A party of Oklahoma b3ys left Monday
evening for homie. Those included were
Walter Keys, James Moses, John Taylor,
Walter McKinley, and James and Roy Maker.
The school building was fumigated and
thoroughly cleaned this week preparatory to
closing up for the summer. As the fumes
were strong enough to take the life of a bat
who was lodging within it is safe that the
^rms were all destroyed.
Mr. Venne and sister. Miss Ernestine
Venne who has been vbiting him for the
oonth, left Monday evening for their home
tn Minnesota They will stop several
p aces enroute, including Haskell Institute
where they will visit theur brother, Alfred
M. Venne.
The lagoon has been emptied, thoroughly
cleaned and refilled during the past ten days.
The fish were transferred to the fountain
south of the girls* home during the "dry
speir at the lagoon.
Mrs. Gussie S. Owsley has left for her home
in Port Washington, Ohio, where she will
spend her vacation, returning in August to
Santa Fe, New Mexico, to attend the Indian
insthute.
Mr. K'ingenberg and Mr. Scott made a
trip to Granite Reef Monday afternoon on
the motorcycle. They report the machine
perfectly docile all the way up and part way
back.
Miss Jane Hendrix left Wednesday even*
ing for California. After escorting Hattie
Cle\ eland at least as far as Eureka on her
way to Hoopa, Miss Heii<lrix will return to
Berkeley to spend her school leave.
Dr. Lanahan, Indian Service dentist, ar-
rived Wednesday morning to speid some
time at this school taking care of the dental
work among the pupils. He has finished
work in the Whiteriver, Cibecue, San Carl<»8»
Rice, East Fork and Canyon day schools in
Arizona.
Dr Breid returned Tuesday morning from
Klamath Falls, Oregon, to which point he
escorted Margaret Davis, Ruth Williams^
Fay Mitchell and Koy Braden. Ctica
Pallan was taken as f r as Los Angela
where she will spend the summer with her
brother, Antonio Pallan.
Eliza Johnson, o le of ourgr^d latesof this
year, left a few days ago for her home at B ack-
water. She wasacompanied by Lucy Johnson
and Daisy Sayour. Vincent Thomas ret unied
home by way of Florence. Stephen Bonaha
made the trip alone to Jerome Junction where
he was met by his sister. L'>ui^e BonahH. who
was a former Phoenix pupil. Hattie Smith
and Eva Bush left for San Carlos, and Cariie
Wilson went to Ciarkda e Tuesday mnrning.
Our pupils living neiiby are leaving daily on
overland trips with their parents or relatives
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351
Robert Burke {Pima) has accepted a
position on Mr. Connor's ranch iu Glendale
Herbert Curly (Navaho) will worli this
summer for Mr. Cummings on Cave Creeic
road.
Guy Maktima (,Hopi) has conducted the
rehearsals of the band this week preparatory
to their engagement at the St. John's school at
<jila Crossing today. Guy has done excel-
lent work with the few band boys left at
the school
J F. ScaHard completed the purchase of
cattle for Truxton Canon school and ship-
ment was made the last of this week, when he
returned home. Mr. Stallard says that
Jabn Savorias is doing spleadidly at Truxton
and his friends at Phoenix are glad to hear
such good reports of one of their former
number.
Rev. James Dickson, a full blood Nez
Perce, has accepted a call to the Presbyterian
church among the Omaha Indians at Macy,
Nebraska, amd has left to take charge of the
work at that {rface. Rev. Mr. Dickson recently
relumed from Chicago where he took special
work in the Moody Bible institute. — Nez
Perce Inaiaru
The baskets are woven of hair, the pottery
is of clay in exact imitation o| the practical
articles, and the flowers are of .^ilk worked
with genuine artistry .—Popw/ar Mechanics.
Mexican Indians Make Tin Dolls
Dolls not more than a quarter of an inch
in length are made by the Mexican Indians.
First a framework of wire is wound with silk
thread until the figure is of proper shape.
The costumes, cut to represent some charac-
ter, are then fitted and sewed on. With the
smallest size needles and almost invisible
thread, various designs are embroidered on
the dolls' clothing in silk, and so clever are
these dusky workers that even when viewed
under a powerful glass the details appear
perfect.
The hair is put on after the doll is properly
dressed, the braids are tied with ribbons of
appropriate hue, and then the eyes, nose,
miuth, aid th3 hands aid feet are formed.
Sime dolls are equipped with tiny baskets
of flowers, fancy sombreros, or water jars.
Keams Canon Mission
The missionary work at Keams Canon,
Arizona, among the Hopi and Navaho In-
dians, is making good progress. The exact
location of the new mission has not yet been
determined. Rev. Lee I. Thayer, the mis-
sionary, has been operating with a sand
pump testing the land for water. The loca-
tion of water is the flrst thing of which to
be assured. At present the valley in which
he has been working is almost impassable,
for it is the muddy season following the
melting of the snow. In order to be sure,
he will dig for water with pick and shovel
when the ground his again become nonnai.
The little group of buildings will interest
the many friends of the Home Mission soci-
ety, which has provided for their erection,
and of the Woman's Home Mission society,
which is also coopeiating generously in
providing consecrated teacher& — Missions.
Indian Women Make Fine Pillow Laces
Teachers provided by the Indian Bureau
have been successful in teaching Indian
women on the reservation near Redlands,
California, to make fine pillow laces. It was
noted that these women were remarkably
proficient in making baskets, and as there
seemed to be no reason why their dexterity
and eye for color and design might not be
directed along lace- making lines, the experi-
ment was undertaken in the expectation
that they might be able to supply a portion
of the American demand for fine laces now
seeking the products of France, Italy, and
Belgium. The new industry is well under
way, and the women are turning out some
beautiful designs. — Popular Mechanics.
Back numbers of this year's Native
American may be obtamed at the print shop.
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352
The Native Americait
Jacob Riis as a Flower Missioner
At this time of the entrance of Jacob Riis
into heavenly activities everywhere are
bein{< recounted liis many good deeds, his
devotion to the children of the New York
slums, his lovinji service to every creature
whom he nii«iht benefit, combined with a
wonderful abiiiy to see the divine possi-
bilities in even the most degrad'^d of human-
kind, nnd rarely was he disappointed.
While ribboners are interested in knowing
that one of his good offices was the dis-
tribution of flowers to the children of New
York city, thus beginning in that city the
flower mission work. From his garden one
morning many years ago he plucked a large
bouquet which he look with him to the
city. As he left the car in the slums of the
city he was surrounded by children who
with eager eyes and voices begged for the
pretty blossoms, and all too soon the last
flower was gone. Tl:e next morning he
brought a larger* bouquet and all through
the summer he remembered the children in
this way, asking others to save flowers for
him. Thus great quantities weredistrrbuted
by his own hand and tiirough his influence
others took up this work of bringing a bit of
the country to the crowded sections of the
city and to the beauty-starved children of
the tenements. — Union Signal,
The Mexican Situation
(Continued from page 349.)
women nurses have to make are very little
less then those of the men who are expected
to bear arms and fight the battles.
If, as I said, we go into this country and
find a whole people hostile to us, it has been
estimated to me by one who should be able
to judge, that it would take four hundred
thousand men and a million a day to carry
lis through the war. That means a great
burden for this country to assume. But if
we are called upon to do it and are in for it
we can meet the test. We must assume
the burden and show that our prosperity and
success have come to men and women
worthy to have them.
But our duty will not be ended when we
have tranquilized the country. This country
is not moved by a desire to acquire addi-
tional territory. We have enough responsi-
bility with the territory we have. v\ithout
seeking this additional burden. But when
we have brought Mexico to a state of law
and order through military compulsion, then
we may have to train and organize them
so they can govern themselves. And that
is a more difficult thing than the niiJiiary
part of it will be. But we are equal to it.
The loss to be sustained in lives will seem
certaii ly too great a sacrifice to those who
are the immediate relatives of the dead and
wounded— the mothers, fathers, brothers and
sisters. When nations act. however, this is
essential and must be met. That is why
war is so terrible.
We must be loyal first, be Americans alL
and when duty is upon us we must be brave
and meet it. No matter what the past may
be, or how much we may criticise the
policies that brought us to this point, no
matter how much we risk, the people of the
United States must do their duty. In the.
judgment of history, I believe we shall show
ourselves to be, not only a patriotic people,
but a people who are willing, when circum-
stances require it, to lend their aid to the
promoting of law and order and to the pro-
gress of Christian civilization.
R. A Ward, chief clerk of the Pima agency
drove over from Sacaton Tuesday to bring
three patients to the East Farm sanatoria ol
He was also accompanied by H. L. Garner,
disciplinarian at Sherman Institute, who ar-.
rived at Sacaton recently with a party of
vacation pupils.
A press item from Sisseton states that
Superintendent Allen has resigned his posi-
tion as superintendent at Sbseton agency and
will probably be succeeded by E. D. Moss*
man, principal of the boarding school there**
^^Flandreau Weekly; Review.,
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^une 27. 1914
353^
Compliments Native American
The boys who print the Native American
appreciated the following from a letter ad-
-dressed to them by a southern California
reader *'As the time approaches for your
:summer vacation I feel the call stronger
than ever to write and tell you how much I
have enjoyed your school paper. Most of
all I enjoyed the splendid and instructive
papers given by your graduates and, while
I am not an Indian, I realize in a way some
-of the problems of your people and I know
you young people with the I elp and train-
ing you are receiving will be an inspiration
to the older ones of your race." Such words
of appreciation and inspiration we receive
from many sources throughout the school
year and each one is welcome and helpful
and gives us encouragement for tlie future.
Experiment in Fruit Raising
To instruct the Indians in raising fruits
and berries, a 23-acre orchard and nursery
is to be established this sprinj^ by the Depart-
ment of the Interior, near Tekoa, Washington,
47 miles southeast of Spokane. It will be
on the Coeur d'Alene reservation, according
to Supt. Morton D. Colgrove, and will be under
the supervision of an experienced horti-
culturist. Mr. Colgrove has recommended
that a white woman be employed as matron
to instruct the Indian women in housekeep-
ing and sanitation. The death rate among
the children is high, due to lack of clean-
liness, it is said. — Oregon Fruit Distributor.
Expedition Tor Race Study
Prof. A. E. Jenks of the University of
Minnesota has started on an expedition in
the course of which he will study the Papa-
go and Pima Indians of Arizona, the Berbes
and Kabyles in the mountains of northern
Africa, Italians in the provinces of northern
Italy, the Magyars of Hungary, the Poles and
Bohemians as they live in their own country
places, and the stone implements of Spain,
France and Belgium.— //zcf/a/z 5cAoo/c/owr-
nal.
New Baildings at Albaquerqae School
United States Indian authorities here have
been directed to start the construction ol new
buildings at the Albuquerque Indian Fcbool.
The construction, it is estimated, will require
an expenditure of about $30,000. Edward
Lembke was awarded the contract for the
brick work. The students will do the car.
penterwork. — Albuquerque {New Mexico)
Journal.
Mrs. Posey and Mr. and Mrs. Waite chap-
eroned a party of girls to the fiuit ranch of
Mrs. Goodman this week.
Friendly Criticism
Much pleasure was afforded us in reviewiiig"
the Native American (Phoenix, Arizona,)
of Ma^' 16. It is the farewell nuinht-r of
the graduating- class, and in our c>tir.i.Uion
shows a marked improvement over many of
the previous weekly i.-^sues, both a> to llie neat
appearance and the li>»tof contribiiiiuns The
selected cover is very las'efiil and becoming
for an Indian school. Yet we would like to
offer a few suggestions, and we hope ilu-y will
conform withycmr ideas. Alihongh ornanjeii-
tations are usually superfluous, still llieir pres-
ence enhances articles and pioduces an har-
monious effect; \M\r% applies also lo apprarance
of your cover. The piocurement of >ome ile-
sign which mighi be characieri.«^iic of your
environmenls, smacKing of Iniluni romance
and hislor3*, would certainly* be well worih the
effoits spent. Furlhermore, it is nearly oui of
question that a weekly be expected lo have in-
teresting and substantial articles othi r than
news, and for this reason a bi-weekly' paper,
in your case, would probably be preferable, as
it would thereby gain in quality as in quaniiiy.
The articles in this number are well worth
reading. **TheCasa Grande Ruin'* and **Agii-
culture Among the Pima.*' though short and
somewhat too brief, are interesting subjects.
Articles in which allu^^ions to the cu?»toms,
pleasures and occupations of the Indians are
being made, ought to be encoura;;ed to a
greater extent for everybody is eager to know
something of the native American.s, their
mode of living and the progress they are mak-
ing. The photographs, even though they al-
ways speak for ihemsrlvcs, say very much in
this numoer. Complying herewith there re-
mains but true hopes that you will "put the
creed into the deed.'*— ^^</ and Black.
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354
The Native Atr.eneort
FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Chilocco, Oklahoma
Jmlian School Journal.
We were glad to have Bishop Brooks with
U4 a^^ain. Hi^ pre**ence and influence helps
along the good work.
Tiie Chilocco school is one of the finest in the
Indian Service and it has just closed anoth«>r
succes!»f 111 year under the supervi>iou of Kdgar
A. Wlen. —Arkansas City Traveler.
Mr. Leib, our efficient dairjman. has been
offered and accepted a transfer to the Carlisle
sch )Ol. Carlisle is Mr. Leib*s home, he owns
property there, h is two daughters and a son
there, 80 the change will put him home again,
though he says he hates to leave Chilocco.
Never within the writer's residence at Chi-
locco— and that has been over a decade — has
the school property looked as well. A walk
one Sunday over much of the reserve showed
crops to have extraordinary pro:»pects, with
fences kept up, fields well cultivated, stock
well cared for. orchards an^^ gardens clean and
thriving nursery stock doing finely — in fact,
everything in good shape, pleasing to the eye
and commendable from the educational stand-
point.
Sunday, May 10, we h^d a severe electri-
cal storm, and as Kesse Ti»snotha, an Apache
student, was going over towards the hospital
a bolt of lightning struck her, knocking her
unconscious. After regaining consciousness
in the hospital she began to recover, and at
this writing the doctor tells us it is probable
that she will be as well as ever in a week or so.
It is remarkable that she was not killed under
the circumstances. Hairpins in her hair and
stays in her corset were melted, and her shoes
torn to shreds. She is badly burned but other-
wise seems all right. Where a bolt entered the
ground through one shoe an iron rod could
be put down two feet before encountering re-
sistance.
White Earth, Minnesota.
Bv Special Corretpondent.
Mrs. Coyne, hospital matron, was visited by
her j*on Henry on Sunday.
Charles Long Fish recently came here from
South Dakota as school farmer.
A. J. Powers, financiaJ clerk, is receiving con-
gratulations on hiii becoming a benedict.
Otto Meyer and company gave a high class
concert at the school hall Friday evening
which was most interesting to those who were
fortunate enough to hear it.
Arthur L#. Patterson, clerk, has been tranm.
f erred to the Bureau of Naturalization with
headquarters in Washington.
Miss Louise Parr returned last week from
Kentucky where she was called to see her
mother who was ill.
Mr-*. John Leecy, Jr., who was recently oper-
ated on for appendicitis by Dr. Child, was able
to leave the hospital this week.
Miss Ruth Howard was among those who
graduated from the high school at Detroit last
week.
Dr. Howard T. Child, agency physician at
Leupp, Arizona, has been transferred from
that station to the White Karth agency.
Dr. Alfred Asher, agency physician, was re-
cently transferred from the Kn>ow Lake station
to Hdyward, Wisconsin. Dr. H. E. Allen of In-
diana, a new appointee in the service, succeeds
him.
With beauty only such as a day in June can
present the forty-first anniversary of the peace
treaty between the Sioux and Chii^pe^xa was
celebrated by a three days' observance of fes-
tivities, June 13, 14 and 15. The festival opened
with a big parade of two divisions in native
costume of the visiting Sioux as well as the
resident Chippewa. About 200 Sioux came
from the Sisseton and other reservations of
South Dakota. Governor Eberhardt was ex-
pected to be present and deliver an address
but was unable to attend. Speeches were made
by Supt. John R. Howard, Hon. C. C. Daniels
of Minneapolis, Thomas Beaulieu and Hon.
John Hinton of the Department of Justice.
Many old dances and Indian rites were engaged
in. It was estimated 2,000 white people from
surrounding towns attended the celebration
here.
Storm at Handreau, South Dakota
Wteklu RevUw.
It is with a feeling of regret as well as of
thankfulness that we are obliged to chronicle
the canceling of our closing exercises which
should have been on Wednesday and Thursday
of this week. Arrangements had been made
for an interesting program for t>oth days, but
all was called off on account of the disastrous
storm that swept this section of the country
early Wednesday afternoon. About 1 o'clock
a storm began to gather in the northwest, but
as it was apparently moving north plans were
made for playing the commencement ball game
at the fair grounds, and the band and t>oy sto*
dents left for town.
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June 27, 1914
355
It soon appeared that the storm was approach-
ing and the appearance of the clouds as it ad-
vanced was something" that filled the hearts
of all with terror. The storm finally broke
upon nswith all its fury a little after 2 o'clock,
two distinct "iwisters" beinj^seen to pas-*, one
to the southwest and one to the east of the
town. The one in the southwest destroyed
several of the buildings at the fair grounds
and a new residence, seriously injuring three
persons, besides doing an immense amount of
damage to other property.
The whirl in the east moved east doing great
damage to property, but no lives were lost. A
regular gale accompanied with a torrential
rain and some hail followed and it was this
that played havoc wiih our institution.
As soon as the air was cleared of flying
bricks, pieces of lumber and trees, a deplor-
able sight appeared, for the east end of the
campus had suffered severely.
The dairy building, ice hou^e and coal sheds
were completely destroyed, the roof of the
east wing of the dining hall was gone, roof on
annex to large boys' building gone, about a
dozen chimneys blown down some of which
had broken through the roofs, electric light
wires down, windows blown in and nearly all
buildings damaged more or less. Many of the
nicest trees on the campus were also broken
off and destroyed.
The garden and field crops were badly dam-
aged, and in fact part of it beyond recovery.
The property loss will reach nearly ten thou-
sand dollars, but we feel that we have every
reason to be thankful that no lives were lost.
Five minutes earlieY "would have found a
dozen girls at work in the bakery and kitchen,
and when the big chimmey crashed through
the ceiling several would certainly have lost
their lives.
Ten minutes later would have found the
boys in some of the destroyed buildings at the
fair grounds. Our sister school at Pipestone
was also a sufferer, but with them it was not
only a property loss of about six thousand dol-
lars, but two lives were lost, Frank Schran
and Quincy Shambo, who were instantly killed
with the destruction of the school barn there.
As soon as the storm abated men and boys
were put to work cleaning out the debris from
the kitchen so as to arrange for making neces-
sary repairs which were commenced early
Thursday morning when masons commenced
to rebuild the chimneys there.
At this writing the work ot replacing the
roof is well under way, and while cooking and
baking is being done in the open air, as it
were, we are mamging to get along fairly
well, we have missed no regular meals, al-
though some have been rather scanty.
By Tuesday evening we hope to have the
building enclosed.
Anadarko, Oklahoma
Home and School.
Mrs. Ella McKnight, formerly of the Albu-
querque Indian school, I* now our girls* niu'ron.
Mrs. McKnjght is an 89"er, hence the Oklahoma
winds have no terror for her.
Frank Garen, who wa^ formerly engineer at
this place, is now engineer at Flandrt'Jiu,
South Dakota. Before leaving for South
Dakota he was married to a young lady of
Anadarko.
Dr. B. A. Warren's friends will he pleased
to learn that he is comfortably* located in an
Indian school at Leupp, Arizona. The scl^ool
is furnished wiih a well-t-quippt d, nudern
hospital. Mrs. Warren is nurae at the same
school.
Ganado, Arizona
By Special CotTeipondent.
Misses Sara E. Cochrane and Ellen Jonen
returned from California Friday evening. June'
12, af:er a plea>ant vacation of live weeks.
They gave a California reception to ilieir col-
leagues and associates in niis<>ion work the
following evening which was thoroughly a ppie-
ciated and enjoyed by all.
Mr. and Mrs. Harry WetZfl arrived from
Manuelito June 16. Mr. Wetzel expects totake
charge of the Cornfields store where he was
f;Ormeily as well as in the store at this place.
He is capable in business as well as a favorite
t>ociall3\
The closing exercises of the Indian school
at Fort Defiance took jdace Thursd^iy evening,
June 18. and were excellent both in the ai'pear-
ance of the pupU as well as the rendition of
the selections, reflecting marked credit both
on Superintendent P.iquette, the instructors
and pupils, as well as delighting the audience,
which was made up of vi.>itors from Gallup,
Rehoboth, Chin Lee, Tohaichi, Ganado and
. Fort Defiance.
The measles and mumps .*till linger some-
what to annoy the children' on the reservation
but no serious cases as yet have been reported.
Preacher — * 'Young man. do you attend a
place of worship re^ularlj'?'*
Young man— **0, ye>., regular; I am on my
way to see her now.''— Lewis afid dark Jour^
naL
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The Natioe American
Table Talk
There i-* some solid ihiiikiiig- behind the stalc-
meiil reproduced below from a leller received
from Mi.-is Mary E. Disselie. widely* known In-
dian Service worker, who now is engaged in
iransforming^SaiiDominj^opueblo.New Mexicr .
It is printed without consent of the author in
the belief that she will not object to our ^-ivingr
our readers the benefit of a thought forcefully
presented.
**I fear I rather shocked Mr. Peairs by saving
that, if I were kint^ I'd put every employee at
the same table, to eat the same food, at the
same time, with the Indian children they are
supposed to be educating. And Td give them
the food for the practical teaching they did
both, consciously and unconsciously. That is, I
would make no change in salaries for the
food consumed, as the saving in food supplies,
the increase in health of the children, and the
whole elevation of the social life of the schools
would more than pay the added cost to the
Government.
•*He feared it could not be done, as employees
would not be willing. *\Vhat would I do in case
of families?' I was not then prepared to say,
as [ had not worked out the details, but since
I have thought of it, I see that they have the
best chance of all. as they are living on the
•cottage plan' and need only a detail of boys
and girls to make up the scheme complete.
I'd go at it as that street commissioner did who
cleaned up a very dirty city— by putting all his
men in white uyifc»rms.
'•When one thinks of it all the way through, I
do not know of anything else that would so
develop moral respon-^ibility in both employees
and pupiU. It would do away with a lot of
expen.Mve, and often useless, equipment for
tea'-hing domestic science. It would give op-
portunity for social intercourse, robbed of self
and stfx-con<ciousne3s, and divide up the over-
sight of it far more evenly. It would weed
the service of the class of employees who arc
in it for the money merely, and who invari-
ably regard the Indians as hopelessly inferior
sociilly. It would make a precious old storm
for awhile, but the results would justify it, by
keeping the cockroaches out of the prunes,
the weevil out of the cereals*, the flies out of
the meat, the mice*out of the sugar, etc. And
it would do the same good service for the
mot-ale of each school, in eliminating those
small evils which undermine its social life
and iis moral health. I do not like institu-
tion life at its best, but if it must be, why not
hu nanize it in this w^yV— Indian School
JournaL
Sale or Red Cross Seals
More than 44,000,000 Red Cross Christmas
seals were sold last December, accordini^ to a
report issued today by the National Association
for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis
and the American Red Cross. In this way
$440,000 is netted for anti-tuberculosis work in
various parts of the United States.
The sale in 1913 is a gain of 4,000,000 seala
over 1912, or 10 per cent. It is hoped that thia
year the £0,000,000 mark will be reached.
The seal de^ign for 1914 has been selected
and orders for the printing of 100,000,000 seals
have been placed. Plans for the organization
of a larger sale this year than ever before have
been perfected.
New York state lead the country last year
with a sale of over 10.500.000 seals or one for
each man, woman and child in the state.
Of this number more than 6,825,000 were sold
outside of New York city by the State Charities
Aid Assocition. Pennsylvania's sale was sec-
ond largest, aggregating 3,125, 000 seals. Ohio
came next with a sale of 2,£00,000, Wiscon-
sin fourth with 2,7CO,O0O, and Illinois, fifth
with 2,500,000. Hawaii sold the most seals per
capita, the total sale being somewhat over two
for each inhabitant. Rhode Island came sec-
ond with a sale of two per person.
Beginning with a sale of 13,500.000 in 19C» in
six seasons the revenue which these little holi-
day seals have brought to the anti-tuberculosU
campaign has more than tripled, an aggreffatc
for the period of over $1,800,000 or 180,000,000
seals. ^ ^____^
How He Could Tell
A Georgia •**cracker" tells this story of his
own people. He says a northern man who had
settled in Georgia was visited by a friend who
asked him how he liked the place and the
people.
**Oh, all right," replied the man.
-Now, tell me." asked the friend, "what is
a Georgia cracker? How can you tell him
from another person?"
•*WeU," replied the northern settler, "you
see out in the field a black object?"
**Yes." said the friend.
"Now," said the man, "that may be either a
Georgia cracker, or a stump. Watch it for
half an hour, and if it moves, whj, it's a
^\Mm^:' —Chicago Journal.
Lost— A locker key. Please return to Chas.
Laws, printing office.
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The Significance of the Bible School.
From an Address by Woodrow Wilson.
There are great problems before the American people. There are
problems which will need purity of spirit and an integrity of purpose
such as has never been called for before in the history of this country.
I should be afraid to go forward if I did not believe that there lay at
the foundation of all our schooling and of all our thought this incompar-
able and unimpeachable Word of God. If we cannot derive our strength
thence, there is no source from which we can derive it, and so I would
bid you go from this place, if I may, inspired once more with the feel-
ing that the providence of G3d Is the foundation of affairs, and that
only those can guide, and only those can follow, who take this providence
of God from the sources where it is authentically interpreted.
I congratulate those that have a part in the development of the
great Sunday school work. I sometimes wish very candidly that there
was more simple reading and interpretation of the Bible and fewer
elaborated Sunday school lessons. If you will only give these little
people the pure bread itself you won't have to ask some inexpert chemi-
cal analyst to tell them how the bread is made up. There is no man
with insight enough to see how the bread of life is made, and I wish
sometimes that we could strip off these superficial explanations and
get down to those things that sustain our spirits.
I want to urge that we get down to hardpan again, that we regard
the whole business of the Sunday school as the familiarizing of the
children with the Word of God. If you only made them read it again
and again, and added no comment that they did not ask for, you would
be doing an incomparable service for American morality and American
progress.
Give it to them unadulterated, pure, unaltered, unexplained, un-
cheapened, and then see it work its wholesome work throughout the
whole nature. It is very difficult, indeed, for a man or for a boy who
knows the Scripture, ever to get away from it. It haunts him like an
old song. It follows him like the memory of his mother. It reminds
him like the word of an old and revered teacher. It forms part of the
warp and woof of his life — The Pacific Baptist
4i
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A PICKED-UP BAND FROM THE PHOENIX INDIAN SCHOOL WHICH PLAYED AT THE GILA CROSSING CELEBRATION.
GOV. GEORGE W. P. HUNT IN CENTER.
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*'NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE*'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume tS
July 4-1/, t9U
dumber 27
SUMMER INSTITUTE WORK
Plans have been practically completed
for summer institutes arranged for Indian
Service employees, and the earliest one on
the schedule is Chilocco, Oklahoma, which
is now in session, the dates being July 6-18,
inclusive. Fiandreau, South Dakota, and
Sherman Institute at Riverside, California,
are the next two, from July 20 to August 1.
Tomah, Wisconsin, the one held farthest
east, and Chemawa, Oregon, in the northwest
district, are held from August 3 to August 15,
while Santa Fe, New Mexico, is the last one
on the program. The latter is to be held in
connection with the summer school to be
conducted by the New Mexico Institute of
Science and Education, August 17 to 29.
The subjects to be considered are sewing,
cooking, dairying, drawing and woodwork
concrete work, horticulture, primary work,
English, arithmetic penmanship, hygiene
aod sanitation, gardening, athletics and
games.
A series of lectures has also been arranged
by prominent men of the various sections,
iin1 Honorable Cato Sells, Commissioner of
Indian Aff lirs, will be present at some time
during each institute to give a lecture.
Supervisor Peairs* reasons for attending
these institutes are given in the announce-
ment and are sufficiently strong to convince
any doubtful of being present. He says in
part:
"Experience has taught that occasiona
opportunities should be given employees to
receive aid, encouragement, and increased
interest in their work that can only come
from the association with others engaged in
and interested in the same work.
"With constant association with children,
continually giving out sympathy and instruc-
tion, with little or no opportunity to strength-
en themselves by the association of those
ofequal mentality, or with those from whom
they could receive inspiration and assistance,
the human element becomes sorely depleted;
therefore, means of replenishing seems posi-
tively essential.
"The institutes to be held this summer will,
through demonstration lessons, lectures and
conference, emphasize a few of the lines of
instruction which it is believed need to be
given special attention at this time. A care-
ful investigation made during the present
year suggests the necessity and the possi-
bility of much closer correlation of academic
and industrial instruction in order that the
child's time may be conserved to the greatest
possible extent**
With this issue the Native American force goes on its summer
vacation and the next issue will appear about September 1. We
wish to thank those who have contributed lo its success the past
year and hope to secure more correspondents for the coming
year.
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360
The Native American
BAND BOYS PLAY AT ST, JOHN'S MISSION
AT GILA CROSSING
<By JOHNSON SMcc/lFEE, Pima, Seventh Grade.
One day last week Mr Grinstead called
all the remaining band boys together and
asked us if we couldn't get up a band. We
wondered what he was up to and he told us
that since the band couldn't go to San Diego
they had decided to send us to Gila Crossing
to overcome our disappointment
In the evening band call was sounded and
we got together and played some marches
and played them so well that we thought
we'd go on a little farther and so the leader
took out a long selection that **made our
hair stick up." Motion was given and we
played all right until the cornet players,
about music, were to go along as managers,
for the "bunch" must have somebody that
was not afraid to talk, for you must know
that the band is a bashful "bunch" except
when it comes to eating. They are a lively
bunch when at home or alone.
When the wagon couldn't accommodate
any more we started out for Gila Crossing
mission. We drove down Central avenue
and on the way we found a cornet player
who was looking for a job and we told him
all we asked for was good service and no
pay, and he accepted it and so climbed on
and away we went again and reached the
Sr. JOHNS MISSION. GILA CROSSING, ARIZONA.
thinking it wasn't fast enough for such a
good band, played a little too fast and there-
fore finished while the others were looking
to see what key they were in. We had but
three nights to practice and we made good
use of them.
When Saturday came (for that was the
day we were to start), we got ready and by
2 o'clock the boys were all together with
their instruments and music which they
got from the waste basket in Mr. Venne's
room. It was said that Mr. Stacy and Mr.
Lawrence, having little or no experience
city where we were given 15 minutes to
round up some more musicians who were
sympathetic enough to lend a hand to a
"bunch" who were in need. We succeeded in
obtaining two who were reliable. We now
had a full band of twenty pieces acd there-
fore were sure that we were capable of fur-
nishing Phoenix Indian school band music.
We left the city at 3:20 for we knew that
we ha J a long road to cover. When we had
driven about five miles one of the boys told
the driver to stop before things got serious.
We all jumped off and found that the tire
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Julg 4-111914
361
of the hind wheel was about off so we hunted
around for some stones to use for hammers.
We had blacksmiths, wagonmakers and car-
penters but none of them had their ham-
mers with them. After replacing the tire
we drove on until we reached a little grocery
store where some of the boys stopped to
get a drink or something to eat. Mr. Stacy,
we sat at tables, prepared by Indian girls, to
a fine supper. This was no place for bash-
ful boys and if you had been in there you
could have heard a pin drop.
We gave a band concert after supper
which sounded like a fifty- piece band. After
the concert we "caught the car to slumber-
land.** After Mr. Stacy had donned his pa-
jamas and night cap he
slept with one eye open,
due ncrdoubt to the pie he
had eaten before going to
bed and to prevent any
printer from hiding his
clothes, which would ne-
cessitate his appearing in
his evening clothes the
next day. On the follow-
ing day after breakfast we
gave another concert and
at 10 o'clock they had
holy mass. After that we
had a parade which was
reviewed by Governor
GROUP OF BOYS AT ST. JOHNS SCHOOL,
feeling anxious and un-
easy, called the boys to
the wagon and told them
we had better be moving.
We left the little gro-
cery store and drove
through the mountains
where some of the boys
gathered some of the ripe
cactus. Passing the moun-
tain we were about three
miles from the reservation
boundary, and about 6
o'clock we saw the tallest
building and two of the
boys jumped off and kept group of girls at st. johns school.
the four mules going imtil we reached the
school about 7 o'clock.
After we unloaded we were taken around
through the buildings and shown everything
that was in them. In the meantime supper
was being prepared and about 7:30 we were
called for and we went without hesitation.
We were taken into the diningroom where
Hunt. At noon we took dinner with the In-
dians and at 3 o'clock we had a ball game with
the reservation Indians. We had old "Doc"
Quail in the box and therefore we won the
game. Before the baseball game we had our
picture taken in which Governor Hunt par-
ticipated. The rest of the day was given to a
band concert before a large congregation of In.
(Continued on page 364.)
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362
f
Th€ Natioe American
The Native AmericanJ
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter.
C. W. GOODMAN. SUPERINTENDENT.
An Illustrated Weekly Magazioe, Devoted to Indian Education and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TNA/tLNTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
J. T. Justice went to Prescott Thursday to
remain over the Fourth of July celebration.
Mrs. Chiles has gone to her home in San-
ta Barbara, California, where she will spend
the summer.
Mrs. McLiugblin has joined the Normal
school colony at San Diego where she took
summer work last year.
Mrs. Gill, Mrs. Diven and Miss Esther
Davis are on annual leave, spending at least
part of their time at the school.
Miss Rice is detailed to the girls* home,
Miss Allen to the main office and Mrs. Cor«
win to the sewingroom.
Mrs. May Barnes is spending her vacation
in Phoenix where she has her boys with her
and is enjoying a month of home life.
Miss Adams has gone to her home in Lin-
wood, Kansas, and will later attend the In-
dian Institute at Flandreau, South Dakota.
We acknowledge invitations to commence-
ment exercises at Lower Brule, South Dakota,
June 21-24, and at Wahpeton, North Dakota,
June 25.
Frank Downing, who was temporary cook
at the school kitchen this spring, has re-
turned to take a similar position at the
East Farm sanatorium.
The commencement number of the Indian
Leader, published at Haskell Institute, is
interesting in contents. It also reflects credit
on the work of Mr. Weaver and his print-
ing class which, it is said, has the best
appointed printing office in Kansas.
The official photographer for the Recia*
mation Service was at the school and sana-
torium Tuesday taking views to be sent to
the Panama exposition.
J. W. Freeman of Henryetta, Oklahoma^
made a recent trip to Phoenix for his ward*
Nina Starr, one of the sanatorium patients
who will spend the summer in Oklahoma.
Supt Omar L. Babcock of Parker, Arizona*
made us a brief call last week. He was
enroute home from Yuma where be was
recently sent to make a census roll of the
Cocopah Indians.
The mess club closed its accounts June
30, and the employees remaining at the
school this summer not provided with house-
keeping facilities are boarding with James
and EJgair Robinson, the club cooks.
Walter Gashesva (HoplX whs was a pupil
here some five years ago, came in the first
of July from Sherman Institute and visited
friends for a few days before going to his
reservation home.
Miss Elvira Pike and Minnie Pike left sev*
eral days ago for their home at Fort Duchesne,
Utah. Miss Elvira was recently transferred
from the sanatorium to school cook at Tuba,
Arizona, and expects to report at her new
place after her vacation.
Miss Mae St. Clair of Sacaton was the
guest of Miss Keck for several days, stopping
over on her way to California where she will
spend her vacation. Miss St. Clair will
spend her educational leave at Sherman
Institute.
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JulQ 4-111914
S63
Miss Monroe will attend the Chilocco in-
stitute and visit her sister at Arliansas City
during her vacation. She escorted home
three Pawnee pupils, Rose Hadley, May Smith
and Charley Witeon.
Mr. and Mrs. Scott have gone to San
Diego where Mr. Scott will take his edu-
cational leave at the Southern California
Normal school. On his way out Mr. Scott
escorted a party of Paiutes including Rich-
ard and Morgan Watson, Daisy Watson and
Frank Watterson.
Miss Carton left last week for Oklahoma,
escorting home a party of Arapaho girls^
Lucy Medicinegrass, Thirza Mountain, Ella
Campbell, Bessie Tallbear, and Clara White
Owl. Miss Carton will attend the institute
at Chilocco and then go to her old home in
southwestern Blissouri for her vacation.
Mr. and Mrs. Walter B. Anderson and three
children arrived in Phoenix Tuesday and on
July 1 Mr. Anderson assumed the new po*
sition of superintendent of industries at this
school He comes from Carsoa school at
Stewart, Nevada, where he was in charge of
the manual training department.
Mr. and Mrs. M. J. Rolette stopped at the
school over Sunday and Monday on their
way from Crownpoint, New Mexico, to
Sacaton where Mr. Rolette is transferred as
clerk. For nine years he was clerk at Kiowa
agency in Oklahoma, comming west a few
months ago on account of his wife's health,
and the Comanche boys here were very glad
to see him.
Superintendent Thackery. wife and daugh-
ter, Mrs. Delcher and son and Mrs. Morago
of Sacaton took supper at the club Tuesday
evening, returning home by moonhght which
is the best time to travel at this season of
the year. Dr. Delcher was called to Balti-
more last week on account of the death of
his father. Mrs. Delcher goes east this week
and several others of the Sacaton employees
and residents are leaving for their summer
vacations.
Miss Katherioe Keck left Wednesday
morning for Prescott where she will rest for
ten days before taking up her work at the
summer institutes.
The Oglala Light contains notice of the
wedding of Miss Ruth Brennan, daughter of
Major and Mrs. John R. Brennan of Pine
Ridge agency, to Francis Webb Hill of Rapid
aty.
Mr. Percival spent the Fourth in Prescott
with his family and the first of the week
Miss Ruth Percival came down to remain
with him until his annual leave begins when
they will both return to the Mile High dty.
Miss Gould left July 1 for San Diego,
California, to join her sister, Mrs. Smith of
Deming, New Mexico. Miss Gould will
again take work at the summer school of
the Normal.
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence chaperoned the
following young people on a tiip to Granite
Reef over the Fourth: Marguerite, Naomi and
Thelma Krebs, Elva Wade, Ruth Wittenmyer,
Raymond and Rollin Wade, Eddie Francis,
Raymond Nellis and Lester Pfeifer.
Word has been received of the death of
Cuca Pallan, who went to Los Angeles sev-
eral weeks ago to be with her brother, Antonio
Pallan. Cuca has been a pupil here since a
very small gurl and was bright in her classes
and a favorite with her teachers, and it is
with extreme regret that we learn of her
death. She had been failing with tuberculosis
for several months.
Mrs. Mary K Gill was married in Glendale
last Saturday evening to Charles H Barkley.
The bride has been an employee of this
school for several years and has been an
interested worker in religious and temper-
ance movements both on the campus and
in the city. The jjroora is an influential
ranchman of the Glendale district and one
of the board of governors of the Water Users'
association. The best wishes of the Indian
school are extended through the Native
American.
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364
The Native American
BAND BOYS PLAY AT GILA CKOSSING
(Continued from page 361.)
dians who were delighted with the music,
some of them never having heard a band be-
fore. During the concert when we stopped
a little baby commenced to cry and one
band boy gave the cymbals a ring and he
stopped. Lemonade was served after each
piece was played.
After supper we were to start for home
which was a displeasing thing to us. Before
we left we played a few marches and then
we played the "Star Spangled Banner" for a
farewell and climbed on the wagon and
started home.
Guy Maktima led the band like a veteran.
We extend our appreciation to the faculty
of the St. John's school for their inestimable
hospitality. The boys hope to visit them
them. The feast day of St. John is cele-
brated in June each year and this year the
Phoenix Indian school band furnished the
music for the occasion.
In 1900 the St. John's mission day school
was starte«l with an enrollment of fifty pupils.
In 1901 the control of the school was turned
over to Father Justin Deutscb, the present
head of the mission and school.
August 29, 1901, three Sisters of St Joseph
arrived to take up the work of teaching.
Rev. Mother Anna de Sales, Sister Mary
Joseph and Sister Barbara, the first two
being still connected with the schooL
Owing to the rapid increase in enroUment
it became necessary to enlarge the school
and adobe dormitories, classrooms, refec-
SCHOOL BUILDINGS. ST. JOHN'S MISSION. GILA CROSSING, ARIZONA.
again and all agree that they had the time
of their lives. The boys arrived home at
9:30 Sunday evening.
The Franciscan Fathers of the Sacred
Heart province took up religious work among
the Pima of Gila Crossing in 1897, the first
church being built of adobe, 42x20 feet, the
work being in charge of Father Severin
Westhoflf of Phoenix. Previous to this mass
had been said in a small Indian hut, the
altar of which is still kept in its original con-
dition by one of the Indian women.
Father Severin desired to call the church
Our Lady of the Rosary but the Indians pre-
ferred St. John the Baptist as he had lived
on the desert and his life appealed to
tories and a carpenter shop were built by Fn*
dians under the direction of Father Justia
from 1904 to 1907.
The present church was built by Father
Justin in 1903 and was dedicated September
29, 1904, receiving its baptism in a rain
storm.
In 1908 the enrollment had reached 230
pupils and the teaching force was increased
by the addition of three more Sisters of St.
Joseph.
The object for which the school was founded
was to give the Indians an education in the
elementary branches and at the same time
emphasize the religious training. It is con-
ducted as a day and boarding school. Board
and tuition are entirely free and the only in-
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JulV 4-11 1914
365
come is from voluntary contributions.
The work of the Franciscan Fathers sta-
tioned at the mission extends to Casa Blanca,
Sacaton. Sacaton Flats, St. Anne's, Papago
village near Florence, Blackwater, Salt River,
McDowell and Sweetwater. Father Gerard
Brenneke attends to these missions, covering
about 375 miles each month.
Father Justin Deutsch, to whom the school
owes its growth and success, was born in
St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1869. He was or-
dained a priest in St. Louis, Missouri, June
24, 1895, and entered the Franciscan order
in August, 1888. He engaged in pastoral
work at the city sanatorium In St. Louis
and was then transferred to the Indian
mission at Harbor Springs, Michigan, from
which place he came to Gila Crossing.
Father Justin is assisted in pastoral work
by Father Gerard and Father Jose.
Father Gerard is a native of Germany.
He entered the Franciscan order in 1904
and was ordained in 1911. Father Jose was
born in Ventura, California. He entered the
Franciscan order in 1905 and was ordained
in 1913 at St. Louis. Father Jose is making a
study' of the insect life of Arizona, particu-
larly bees.
Brother Anthony is the cook at the rectory
and the Phoenix band boys can testify to
the excellence of his cooking. He was born
in Germany in 1855 and entered the Fran-
ciscan brotherhood in 1883. He has shown
bis 'skill in various parts of the United States
and is noted for his steaks and pies. He was
cook at St. Anthony college, Santa Barbara.
California, when Fathers Jose and Gerard
were students there and it is suspected that
they followed him here.
Brother Irenaeus is disciplinarian and Bro-
ther Matthew attends to the general work
about the school. Brother Melchior is a
brother of Father Gerard and is stationed at
the school temporarily installing a new
pumping system.
*The Rev. Mother Superior has general
oversight of the boys and girls. Sister Mary
Joseph has charge of domestic science work
horticulture, sewing and teaches in the aca-
demic department. Sister St. Bridget has
charge of the pupils* kitchen assisted by
Mary Giflf, a Pima girl. Sisters Irene. Ala-
coque and Ancilla are academic teachers
and Annie Anton, daughter of Chief Anton,
is kindergarten teacher. The infirmary is
in charge of Marianna Salcido, a Papago
girl, who cared for about 150 cases of tra-
choma last year.
Dr. Eastman Directs Maryland Boy Scouts
With more than 100 scouts from Washing-
ton, Baltimore and Frederick in attendance.
Camp Archibald Butt, the permanent Boy
Scout camp on the Chesapeake bay, about
five miles south of Chesapeake Beach, Mary-
land, was formally opened for its second sea-
son recently.
Dr. Charles A. Eastman, a full-blooded
Sioux Indian, who is to direct the camp this
season, then was presented to the boys.
Dr. Eastman was a government surgeon in
South Dakota in the days of the ghost dance
uprising, but for the past fifteen years has
been devoting his time to writing and lectur-
ing. He spoke to the boys as follows:
**I want you to know nature as the Indian
knows it. I want to help you to learn of the
birds, animals, trees and wild flowers. I want
to prove to you that if you treat nature right,
nature will treat you right, for you are a part
of XL^LXxa^r ^Washington Star
Mrs. Frank P. Stanley, formerly Martha
Andreas Porter, passed away recently after
a long illness. Death came shortly after
she was removed from her home at Salt
River to the home of her parents at Black-
water. Martha was an excellent girl, a
former pupil of this school, and a sister of
Peter and Isaac Porter. She was married
several years ago to Frank Stanley, a gradu-
ate of Phoenix Indian school, and one of
the progressive young men of Salt River
reservation. Besides the husband she leaves
one child. The family has the sympathy of
many friends.
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366 The Native Americcm
CHEROKEE INDIANS BECOME CITIZENS
OF THE UNITED STATES
W. W. Hastings, national attorney for the
Cherokee, received a telegram from Cato
Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, noti-
fying him of the permanent dissolution of
the Cherokee nation as a tribal entity at
midnight, June 30. J. George Wright, com-
missioner to the Five Civilized Tribes, also
received a similar telegram from Mr. Sells.
This marks the passing of the largest of
the Five Civilized Tribes as well as the larg-
est tribe of Indians in the United States.
The Cherokee exists no more except as a
citizen of the United States. All community
property remaining to the Cherokee has
been converted into cash to be paid out as
quickly as the rolls and the checks can be
prepared. Each Cherokee has received his
allotment of land. AU litigation in which
the nation was interested has been settled
and there is no further cause for the existence
of a tribal government There is now on
hand to the credit of the Cherokee, of which
there are 41,798, in excess of $600,000 which
means they will receive a per capita pay-
ment within 90 days of $ia
The Cherokee treaty providing for the allot-
ment of land was the last to be signed of the
Five Civilized Tribes and still it was the larg-
est nation in point of numbers, taking more
allotments. It is now the first to finally close
its affairs. The tribal government was prac-
tically dissolved by act of October 26, 1906,
at which time the legislative and judicial
branches of the government were discontin-
ued. The executive department was contin-
ued with W. C. Rogers as chief, W. W. Hast-
ings as national attorney, a superintendent of
education a ad clerical assistants sufficient
to continue the necessary functions of this
department of government.
The Cherokee existed as a tribe in Georgia
and North Carolina in 1830 and were order-
ed to move west of the Mississippi to the
Indian Territory by Andrew Jackson, then
President A few of the Indians had already
come to this country. At that time they
were known as the "old settlers.*' Senator
Robert L Owen's parents were among these.
The main body of the tribe finally began the
long march of horror, starvation, death and
pestilence, a fourth of their number falling
by the wayside. The capital of the new
nation was founded at Tahlequah. The
Cherokee at that time owned a large terri-
tory extending deep into what is now known
as the Osaite nation and far to the westward
among the Rocky mountains and south to
the Texas border. At the present time it
includes roughly the counties of Adair,
Cherokee, Sequoyah, Tulsa, Delaware, Otta-
wa, Craig, Mayes, Rogers, Nowata, Washing-
ton and part of Wagoner, Mcintosh and
Muskog^^.
One of the greatest men the Cherokee
nation ever produced was George Guess, or
Sequoyah, as he is generally known. He
gave to the Cherokee nation their alphabet,
the only Indian alphabet in history. From
the time of the Rosses down to Chief Rogers
the Cherokee have numbered among their
chieftans some of the biggest men of this
country. The Cherokee are natural bom
politicians. They maintam schools in the
eastern country and their national schoc^
in the Indian Territory were the most ad-
vanced of any Indian national schools in the
United States. There are more Cherokee
school teachers today, it is said, than of all
of the other Indian tribes put together. They
trained their young men and young woman
for teachers in the female and male national
seminaries which existed at Tahlequah for
half a century prior to the coming of state-
hood.
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JulO 4-11, 1914
367
FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Anadarko, Oklahoma
Hoffi4 and School.
The Indian pupils of the Kiowa reservation
were sorry to hear that their kind and genial
friend, Mr Freer, has been transferred from
the position of supervisor of schools to that of
superintendent of the Klamath Indian agency,
Oregon.
Our school boys and girls looked forward to
Mr. Frccr's visit with a degree of pleasure
seldom extended to a visiting official of an
Indian school. Both pupils and employees
realize that in his change the Kiowa school
has suffered a distinct loss. He was in such
close touch with the various details and un-
usual condition of the schools under his ju-
risdiction that he knew their needs and was
always laboring to place them on a higher
plane of usefulness.
The Klamath Indians are to be congratulated
upon procuring the services of so able and
conscientious a worker as M r. Freer. Home and
5^AeK7/ unhesitatingly recommends him and his
good family to the Klamath people.
Charles E. Norton, who for six years has
been an untiring worker at the Kiowa agency,
has entered upon his duties as superintendent
at Ponca. This promotion comes to him as a
result of hard and faithful service. For more
than two years Mr. Norton has been chief
clerk and disbursing officer and doubtless every
Indian on the reservation knows him. As a
disbursing officer Mr. Norton possesses special
qualifications and has that unyielding firmness
so essential to a government official in charge
of public funds. Notwithstanding this, he is a
sympathetic man and is always willing to as-
sist the Indians when possible for him to do so.
The Ponca Indians will find Mr. Norton at-
tentive to business and ready to render service
and advice that will tend to place each on a
business basis. Mrs. Norton and son Spencer,
who is an unusually bright boy, accompanied
Mr. Norton to their new home.
Toledo, Iowa
MesQuakU Booster.
Our enrollment is now forty with twelve
more on the way. Already plans for the exten-
sion of the screen porches are under way.
Superintendent Small of Colony, C. E. Dennis
of Cloquet, B. G. Courtright of Turtle Moun-
tain and Charles Jewett of Cheyenne River
were recent visitors at the sanatorium.
Pine Rid|e. South Dakota
Oglala Light.
The four new government cottages that are
beginning to loom up on our main street have
added considerable to the appearance of our
berg.
Twenty-seven hundred and forty-three heif-
ers have been received by Superintendent
Brennan and will be issued to allottees this
summer. L^ikewise 206 cows and the same
number of mares.
The playground apparatus has been in-
stalled on the playgrounds both for the boys
and girls and is in constant use.
Superintendei^t Estep is now located at Crow
agency, Montana. He was superintendent at
Yankton agency. South Dakota, for some years.
UNITED STATES CIVII* SERVICE EXAMINATION
Teacher of Housekeeping (Female)
INDIAN SERVICE
Augusts, 1014
The United States Civil Service Commission
announces an open competitive examination
for teachers of housekeeping, for women only,
on August 5, 1914, at the usual places. From
the register of eligibles resulting from this
examination certification will be made to fill
vacancies as they may occur in this position
at salaries ranging from S600 to $720 a year, in
the Indian Service, and in positions requiring
similar qualifications.
It is desired to obtain eligibles having the
qualifications of practical housekeepers or that
of teachers along domestic science lines.
Statements as to education, training and ex-
perience are accepted subject to verification.
Applicants must have reached their twen-
tieth but not their fiftieth birthday on the date
of the examination.
Persons who meet the requirements and de-
sire this examination should at once apply for
application form 1312, stating the title of the
examination for which the form is desired, to
the United States Civil Service Commission,
Washington, D. C, or to the secretary of the
United States Civil Service Board at any place
where examinations are held. No application
will be accepted unless properly executed, in-
cluding the medical certificate, and filed with
the Commission at Washington in time to ar-
range for the examination at the place selected
by the applicant. The exact title of the exami-
nation as given at the head of this announce-
ment should be stated in the application form.
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368
J7te Native American
SECRETAPvY LANE GIVES NEW
MEANING TO COUNTRY'S FLAG
AJthough an Englishman born, Secretary of
the Interior Franklin K. Lane takes a back
seat for no man when it comes to American
patriotism or honor for the flag. Recently in
Washington, Secretary Lane, addressing the
employees of the Interior Department on the
American flag, said:
**This morning as I passed into the Land
Office the flag dropped me a most cordial salu-
tation, and from its rippling folds I heard it say:
'Good morning, Mr. Flag Maker.*
** *I beg your pardon. Old Glory,' I said.
*you are mistaken. I am not the President of
the United States, nor the Vice President, nor
a member of Congress, nor even a general in
the army. I am only a Government clerk.*
** *I greet you again, Mr. Flag Maker,* replied
the gay voice. *I know you well. You are the
man who worked in the swelter of yesterday
straightening out the tangle of that farmer's
homestead in Idaho.*
** *No, I am not,* 1 was forced to confess.
** *Well, perhaps you are the one who dis-
covered the mistake in that Indian contract in
Oklahoma.*
** *No, wrong again,* I said.
*• *Well, you helped to clear that patent for
the hopeful inventor in New York, or pushed
the opening of that new ditch in Colorado, or
made that mine in Illinois more safe, or brought
relief to the old soldier in Wyoming. No matter;
whichever one of these beneficent individuals
you may happen to be, I give you greeting,
Mr. Flag Maker.*
**I was about to pass on, feeling that I was
being mocked, when the flag stopped me with
these words:
***You know, the world knows, that yester-
day the President spoke a word that made hap-
pier the future of 10,000,000 peons in Mexico,
but that act looms no larger on the flag than
the struggle which the boy in Georgia is mak-
ing to win the corn club prize this summer.*
** 'Yesterday the Congress spoke a word which
will open the door of Alaska, but a mother in
Michigan worked from sunrise until far into
the night to give her boy an education. She,
too, is making the flag. Yesterday we made a
new law to prevent financial panics; yesterday,
no doubt, a school teacher in Ohio taught hia
flrst letters to a boy who will write a song that
will give cheer to the millions of our race.
We are all making the flag.*
***But,* I said impatiently, 'these people were
only working.*
"Then came a great shout about the flag.
** 'Let me tell you who I am. The work that
we do is the making of the real flag. I am not
the flag, not at all. I am bnt its shadow. I
am whatever you make me, nothing more. I
am your belief in yourself. Your dream of
what a people may become. I live a chang^-
ing life. A life of moods and passions, or heart-
broken and tired muscles. Sometimes I am
strong with pride, when men do an honest work,
fitting the rails together truly. Sometimes I
droop, for then purpose has gone from me and,
cynically, I play the coward. Sometimes I am
loud, garish, and full of that ego that blasts
judgment. But always I am all that you hope
to be and have the courage to try for. lam
song and fear, struggle and panic, and enno-
bling hope. I am the day's work of the weakest
man and the largest dream of the most daring.
I am the constitution and the courts, statute
and statute makers, soldier and dreadnaught,
drayman and street sweep, cook, counselor and
clerk. I am the battle of yesterday and the
mistake of tomorrow. I am the mystery of the
men who do without knowing why. I am the
clutch of an idea and the reasoned purpose of
resolution. I am no more than what you be-
lieve me to be and I am all that you believe I
can be. I am what you make me, nothing
more. I swing before your eyes as a bright
gleam of color, a symbol of yourself, the pic-
tured suggestion of that big thing which makes
this nation. My stars and my stripes are your
dreams and your labors. They are bright with
cheer, brilliant with courage, firm with faith,
because you have made them so out of your
hearts, for you are the makers of the flag, and
it is well that you glory in the making.* **
Truly Secretary Lane has given a new mean-
ing to the flag of the United States.— <^/«5-
kogee Democrat
f^^
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TATORK gets a better
flavor if \A/e re-
gard it as a sort of sport
the zest in which is the
effort to excel
— A. H. McQuillan, in Inland Printer
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LIIJIIIJ
*'NOT FOR SCHOOL, ^UT FOR UFB**
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
D*90Ud to InMam BducaUon
ifiiiii
Voiome 15
September 5. 1914
9{timber28
INDIAN INSTITUTE AT SHERMAN
HE first institute held for many
years in the southwest for
instructors in the Indian serv-
ice opened in regular session
Tuesday morning, July 21.
Monday was given over to
the registration and the assigning of quar-
ters aid places for meals. Otis B. Goodall,
supervisor of this district, embracing the
states of California, Arizona, New Mexico,
Urah and Nevada, was in general charge of
the institute, assisted by Assistant Supervisor
W. W. Coon. Nearly every car throughout
the day Monday unloaded its quota of Indian
service workers. From the non-reservation
schools of Santa Fe, Albuquerque. Phoenix
and Fort Mohave came representatives who
were optimistic as to the plan of taking the
Indian children from the reservations, away
from their home environments and home
influences, and placing them in schools
where ti e work of the community will have
a direct bearing on the work they are to
follow. From the reservation boarding
schools were supeiintendents, teachers, car-
penters, matrons, engineers and nurses, all
anxious to get new methods and new in-
ipiration. From the day schools came out-
ing matrons, teachers, housekeepers and
farmers, all enthusiastic over the outlook
for a splendid two weeks* session. The in-
structors were as follows: Domestic science,
Miss Katherine L. Keck of Phoenix; sewing,
Hiss D<iisy B. Hylton of Chilocco; horticul-
ture and gardeumg, Frank J. Veith of Sher-
man; concrete, Joseph Scholder of Sherman;
model primary lessons, Mrs. May Stanley of
Haskell; lace-making, Mrs. Elda C. Oster-
berg of Pala and Mrs. E. M Lawrence of So-
boba; English, Clyde Blair of Albuquerque;
arithmetic, Burton L Smith of Sherman;
hygiene and sanitation, Dr. Joseph A. Mur-
phy, medical supervisor; round table con-
ferences, Supervisor Oiis B. Goodall; group
athletics. Assistant Supervisor W. W. Coon;
drawing and woodwork, Murray A. Collins
of Sherman.
On Monday evening a "get acquainted"
social was held in the industrial hall where
Superintendent Conser welcomed the mem-
bers of the institute. Supervisor Goodall
responded on behalf of the visiting officials
after which Assistant Supervisor Coon
made the announcements for the day and
evening sessions. More than a hundred had
registered at the close of che day and the
gathering in the hall that evening was filled
with joy and good cheer. The instructors
in attendance were especially anxious to get
as much of the course as possible and the
selections made showed a desire to improve
in their special lines of work.
The first of the series of lectures on hygi-
ene and sanitation by Dr. Murphy was given
in the auditorium Tuesday afternoon. Dr.
Murphy took the stand that ignorance, pov-
erty and indifierence are the chi^-f sources
through which many of the silent enemies
inyade on the health and happiness of hu-
manity. He held up education as the only
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372
Zbc flative Bmetican
keynote against the inroads of many of
the preventive diseases. Industrial activi-
ties through which proper food and clothing
are provided; the proper care of the sick,
and sanitary conditions in the home and in
the school were emphasized by the doctor.
The much dreaded vaccination has no terrors,
he said, if proper precautions and conditions
are maintained. He would not advise that
a person who is ill should be vaccinated.
He told what to do in case of being bitten
by a dog with the rabies; and touched upon
the subject of venereal diseases, sore eyes
of new born babies, and tetanus. He sim-
pUfied the method of treatment to prevent
tetanus by advocating a swab saturated
with carbolic acid followed by one of alcohol
Supt. F. A. Thackery of the Pima reserva-
tion opened the discussion in the first of the
afternoon conferences, the subject being
"The School as a Community Center." As
adjuncts to the school in this respect he
discussed the library, the community meet-
ings, the socials, agricultural clubs and do-
mestic art work. He said in the beginning
that the one great difficulty in educating
the Indian was his lack of a want of under-
standing. Too many attend school, he said,
because they are told to do so, but too often
there is no desire to attend. Without this
desire it is an uphill proposition, he said.
A ifood way to overcome this indifference
is to have a community center and assist
the parents to assist their children. He has
Pima, Papago and Mcricopa, and on ac-
count of their bemg driven out of the fertile
valley by a stronger people, out into the
desert wtere the means of support became
a serious problem, they were compelled to use
every available means of earning a liveli-
hood, all of which had a most refining in-
fluence on them. They became farmers
and as a result different food and better
health greeted them. They are now an
agricultural, neighborly people. His day
school teachers hold meetings with the
parents and returned students where they
discuss the many things that especially con-
cern them. They also participate in games
and socials. His seven farmers and house-
keepers hold community meetings %^hich
have resulted in the Indians purchasing a
great deal of modem machinery, and being
benefitted in many other ways.
Superintendent Hall of Soboba and Super-
intendent Shell of Truxton Canyon spoke of
the social dance and the many little breaches
of etiquette, and how they have been a
help to the Indians under their jurisdiction
by personally reminding them of anything
that needed correction.
Superintendent Runke of Western Navaho,
Mr. Chambers of Sacaton, Mr. Goen of Big
Pine, Mr. Linderman of Salt River and
Superintendent Duclos of Fort Mohave all
gave some excellent points on the subject
for discussion. Mr. Goen said that bis In-
dians had lived among the white people for
a number of years and had had the advan-
tages of coming in contact with them. He
has done much to overcome drinking and
gambling on his reservation and he said
that it is a rare thing to see a drunken
Indian near his school. He succeeds in get-
ting the leaders interested in a crusade
against liquor and gambling, and through
them he reaches the others.
Mr. Linderman has found that getting the
Indians interested in poultry has been a
help. Superintendent Duclos told of the
band, the Y. M. C. A. and many other things
that have improved conditions near his
school It was a splendid meeting and
great interest was manifested by all in at-
tendance. The work for the day was highly
satisfactory to all concerned. It would be
difficult to say that the work in any one de-
partment was pursued by more enthusiastic
workers than in another. The classes were
crowded and the instructors in charge had
difficulty in dismissing the classes after the
signal had been given.
Assistant Supervisor Coon, wholhad charge
of the group athletics and /games, brought
the work of the day to a 'fitting close by
introducing a little recreation. At 4 o'clock
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373
he assembled all members in the auditorium
where he gave a spirited talk in favor of
group fithletics whereby a greater number
of the girls and boys may have the benefits
of athletic training, instead of confining it to
a few of the very best, as is usual y the case
in Indian schools. He strongly emphasized
a course in athletics that would mean a de-
velopment for the mind as well as for the
body; exercise that calls for quick perception
ing teams in each group in volley ball and
other games in which any number may
participate. It was nearly supper time
when the meeting adjourned and when sup-
per was over the visitors amused themselves
at tennis and other games until the hour of
8 when Dr. Murphy lectured on *Tubercu-
losis and Trachoma."
"I believe in hospitals," said Dr. Miirph3^
**But hospitals are not a solution to the prob-
-O
1
SUPERVISOR H. B. PEAIRS.
In Charge of Summer Institutes of the Indian Service.
-O
and a development of the judgment. Base-
ball, football, tennis, etc., do not meet the
needs of the Indian students for the reason
that only a limited number, and those of
the best, may participate; and only organ
ized, enthusiastic, cooperative effort on the
part of the superintendent and employees
will ever bring about this result, he said.
He grouped the ladies in one section and
the men in another for the purpose of form-
lem of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a socio-
logical problem rather than a problem to be
settled by hospitals. We must work toward
prevention.
*'We have a great responsibility in teaching
the Indians along this line of prevention. I
know of the case of a young Indian student
who won a first prize in a *tuberculo^is con-
test.* Afterward it happened that ihis stu-
dent took tuberculosis. As a result of the
knowledge he had gained of the disease he
used every possible precaution not to spread
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374
(Tbe flatfve Bmetfcan
it. He absolutely would not spit. He took hU
bed outdoors and slept there.
**I believe we are going to have at least
$100,000 to spend for hospitals in the service
this year. There will be two important results
from the building and operation of these hos-
pitals. The first is the patient and the com-
munity will be educated as to the tuberculosis
treatment. The second is we will be able to
segregate in advanced cases.'*
Dr. Murphy went on to show how as the
result of the erection of a tuberculosis sana-
torium with its sleeping porches at Fort
Lapwai, Idaho, the Indians in the vicinity
soon began to build sleeping porches on
their homes. The sanatorium had had an
educative value in the community.
**Our idea,'* said the speaker, **is to train the
incipient cases that we get at these sana-
toriums how to take care of themselves. The
open cases, those in which ulceration of the
lungs is developed sufficiently so that the ba-
ciUi can be given off in the sputum, should be
segregated for the protection of the patient's
friends and family. 1 believe that one open
case of tuberculosis will produce on the aver-
age at least three new cases.
**It is my opinion that the majority of the
Indian children who come to our schools have
tuberculosis bacilli latent in their systems.
They do not get the infection in school. The
infection was there right along. So our prob-
lem is primarily to detect tuberculosis in its
incipient stage. The children usually show
some signs of the disease in its incipient stage
and I would like to have our teachers take
note of the students and if they find a child
with a temperature rising in the afternoon,
even though it be only a degree, report it to
the doctors. A child in this condition should
at once be released from his strenuous school
duties.
"I wish some way could be found that would
enable us to get along without so much pupil
labor in our Indian schools. I hope the time
will come when the Indian pupils will have
more time to relax completely. To this end I
believe thoroughly in the installation of labor-
saving machinery when that is possible. L<et
us have steam laundries, electric bread mixers
and dish washing machines.
"Ihave another reason for favoring the dish
washing machine. Spoons, knives and forks
are put into the mouths and unless these eat-
ing utensils are sterilized in steam or boiling
water there is a splendid opportunity for cross
infection. The emulsion of warm water and
soap used in ordinary dish washing by hand
leaves the germs on the dishes and utensils.
These di:»hes and utensils should be put through
a steaming process.
**There are few air- born diseases. There is
not much spread of disease from normal breath-
ing. But when the patient talks, coughs or
sneezes, there is some spray and this spray
contains germs. Outdoors it is almost impossi-
ble to take tubetculosis. The sunshine kills
the bacilli in a few hours. I want to point out
the great advantage of keeping the hands
away from the eyes and mouth and having
clean hands at meal time. If we would get
more sunlight into our Indian homes we would
do much to do away with tuberculosis."
Dr. Murphy emphasized the necessity of
keeping the water supply free from contami-
nation as tuberculosis bacilli will live for a
year in water. Dealing with the question of
trachoma, the speaker said that nearly one-
third of the Indians are suffering from tra-
choma. He claimed that if work on this dis-
ease was done on the pupils in the schools
as it should be the disease could be wiped
out. He said:
**Blue stone — copper sulphate — is the best
treatment we have following an operation. It
is very painful for the first seven or eight
applications, but after that it is not so painful.
Blue stone should be used daily following an
operation for one year at least. Copper citrate
ointment is another remedy."
The speaker declared that the first thing
to do in a case of trachoma is to operate.
He said that the value of the treatment of
blue stone lay in the fact that it is an irri-
tant, causing a rush of blood to the eye,
which carries off trachomatous material.
He insisted upon the necessity of continu-
ous treatment. Dr. Murphy said that there
is not much danger of infection to employees
from trachoma if the fingers are kept out of
the eyes and a ban is put on the use of the
common towel and the common wash basin.
All of the classes had settled down to
work by Wednesday. On account of the
large number desiring to take lace-making
it became necessary to divide that class*
Mrs. Osterberg taking the class in bobbin
lace and Mrs. Lawrence the class in filet
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375
work. One of the most popular classes was
that in model primary instruction in charge
of Mrs. Will Stanley of Haskell assisted by
Miss Hildebrand of Sherman. Mrs Stanley
is the widovy of Superintendent Stanley of
Soboba, California, who was killed by In-
dians on the Cdhuilla reservation about
three years ago This class was crowded to
overflowing throughout the two weeks and
in many cases visiting superintendents
Katherine L. Keck, instructor of domestic
science at the Phoenix school. Although
handicapped by inadequate facilities for
demonstrating her work her classes were
crowded and there were plenty of male
visitors at the close of each day's demon-
stration to sample the good cooking done by
Miss Keck*s class.
Superintendent of Industries C!ollins had
an enthusiastic class in drawing and wood-
o
-o
SUPERVISOR OTIS B. GOODALL.
In Charge of the Indian Institute at Sherman.
O
shared the seats with the pupils of the class.
Mrs. Stanley's methods were a revelation to
many of the visitors and good results are
sure to follow as a result of her demonstra-
tions. Mrs. Stanley was so enthusiastic in
her work that each day was a severe phybi-
cal strain on her but she was equal to the
task.
Another extremely popular class was that
in domestic science conducted by
work. This class was composed of men,
some of whom were past middle age, but
they were as anxious to get to their drawing
tables as little boys in the primary grades
They had been drawing a coat hanger, and
on Thursday they were told by the instructor
that they would be shown how to make a
blueprint when the drawing was completed.
Mr. Chambers, one of the enthusiastic
workers in the drawing class, when he had
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completed the drawing of a coat hanger,
said; "I do not know which it more resem-
bles, a coat hanger or a concrete bridge."
The lectures on English given by Mr.
Blair, principal teacher at Albuquerque, New
Mexico, were very practical and interesting
and all available space was taken Wednes-
day morning.
Dr. Murphy continued his lecture on tu-
berculosis Wednesday afternoon and he gave
out some startliug statistics, namely: Nine
per cent of ail the deaths in Germany and
30 per cent of all deaths among the Indians
are all due to this cause. One hundred and
sixty thousand people die every >ear from
tuberculosis. He spoke further on the dis-
eases caused by bacilli, the principal ones be-
ing typhoid fever, cholera and the hook worm.
At 2:15 Supervisor Goodall called to order
the afternoon conference, on the "Correlation
of the Academic and the Industrial Depart-
ments" led by Superintendent Conser of Sher-
man Institute and Principal Teacher Scott
of the Phoenix Indian school. Mr. Conser
emphasized the importance of giving in-
struction to students in the departments
while the actual work necesary to that de-
partment is being done. He told how this
had been greatly facilitated by the prepa-
ration of outlines covering the work for the
year. Not only does this bring about more
systematic instruction, but it aids in the
correlation of the pupifs time. Principal
Scott read a strong, well prepared paper on
the subject which will appear in the Native
American in an early issue, and many of the
statements made by Superintendent Conser,
Assistant Supervisor Coon and Mr. Scott
elicited some spirited discussions. The hour
passed all too quickly and the discussion of
the same subject was continued Thursday
afternoon. Immediately following supper
Wednesday evening the Reds and Yellows,
the two men's teams, lined up for the events
of the evening, broad jump and volley ball
H L earner was director and when he made
the count there were 19 men on each side,
some of whom had not attempted to jump
since long before they grew so corpulent.
To this fact is doubtless due the length of
the absent list, some being so sore they could
hardly \vaik. At the same time that these
events were going on Supervisor Coon was
directing the ladies' events, arch ball between
the Whites and the Blues.
Assistant Attorney General Truesdale who
visited the institute in company with Super-
intendent Thackery of Sacaton, Arizona, left
Riverside Wednesday afternoon. Mr. Trues-
dale and Mr. Thackery arrived at the insti-
tute Tuesday.
Mr. Veith*s lectures on horticulture and
gardening attracted the attention of a large
number of visiting superintendents and
other officials. His subject Thursday morn-
ing was "The Young Orchard: How to Care
for it, and how to Get Some Returns from
the Land while it is Coming into Bearing."
Miss Hylton's classes were popular with
the ladies and her magnetic personality con-
tributed greatly to their success. It is un-
fortunate that she could not spare the time
for a class of men in the art of sewing on
buttons and repairing rips in clothes. This
was very essential to the men in AUesandro
lodge who were necessarily parted from
their better halves for the two weeks. This
class would have required the largest audi-
torium on the campus.
Many of the visiting ladies were espe-
cially pleased with the domestic science lec-
ture on principles of food Thursday morn-
ing by Miss Keck. Many excellent cooks
do not thoroughly understand the food
properties of many of the edibles they pre-
pare and just such work as Miss Keck gave
in this department will be of utmost impor-
tance to instructors in the Indian schools.
It is especially important that Indian girls
understand not only how to cook and what
to cook but why to cook and the value of
the food.
Superintendent and Mrs. Mortsolf accom-
panied by three employees of the Carson,
Nevada, school arrived Thursday, having
made the trip overland by automobile.
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At the Ihursday afteraoon lecture on
^'Hyitiene and Sanitation*' Dr. Murpby gave
a practical demonstration on the treatment
of trachoma. Mi<8 Quillian, head nurse at
Sherman, and a detail of pupil nurses treated
a number of cases of trachoma belonging to
the school. Visiting nurses, matrons and in
fact all present were deeply intere-ted in a
treatment of a disease with which nearly
every worker in the Indian service has to
come in contact.
Assistant Supervisor Coon, Superintend-
ents Half, Shell and Maxwell, Messrs. Scott,
Blair and Goen and Supervisor Goodall told
of the work along this line in their schools
and schools under their jurisdiction. Mr.
Goen thought the boarding schools had made
great strides in the work of correlation, a
part of the cause of which he attributed to
a better understanding of the various posi-
tions and a better feeling among the em-
ployees.
MmNEHAHA HOME, SHERMAN INSTTTUTE
At 2:15 Supervisor Goodall called the con-
ference togeiher for a continual ioo of the
discu>sion on the ''Correhition of the Aca-
demic and Industrial Departmei ts." Super-
iiitei dent Conser told of hii^ visit to a num-
ber of the be^c irade schools in the east rnd
of the many excellent ideas he obtained.
He emphasized the need of more systematic
in<«triiction on the part of industrial em-
ployees and urged the laying of special en*-
phasis on the subject of agricuUurt.
Interest in j?roup athletics continued un-
abated the Yellows rallying and walking
away with the volley ball game from the
Reds.
Sf veral hundred men and women heard
a stimulatii g address Thursday evening by
Miss Ednah A Rich, president of the State
Normal school of manual arts and home
economics, Santa Barbara. Miss Rich was
the Second speaker in the course of the
evening lectures. She said in part:
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"There is only one school in the United
States supported by a state devoted entirely
to home economics and the industrial arts, and
that school is Santa Barbara. There seems
to be one thought in the public mind today
and that is that we must be practical in our
education. The public doesn't know just
exactly what it means by 'practical.' It
doesn't seem to realize that all of this building
of education along 'practical' lines is based on
the fundamental principles of education,
which teach what to do, how to do, and when
to do.
*'In order that the school may serve all of
the people today instead of part of the people
we are introducing work with the hands.
Now work with the hands does not mean work
without the head. There must be work with
head or work with the hands doesn't count.
''Mothers don't goon vacations. Our schools
should be so vital that our school teachers
will live in their schools as mothers do in
their homes.
"People ask, 'What good is the science
taught in the high school and the universit3'?'
I require my class in sewing to take a course
in organic chemistry. Why? Because a very
important part of the art of sewing is tied up
in chemistry. What gives the color of the
fabric of the dress? What gives the color to
the thread? How may we maintain our ward-
robe?"
Miss Rich accused men folk of exceptional
ignorance about some of the most funda-
mental things of life. She said that men
who had lived in two-story houses all their
lives if asked to plan a house would leave
out the stairs and consequently wouldn't be
able to get from the second floor to the
first.
The lecture on vocational training Thurs-
day evening by Miss Ednah Rich of Santa
Barbara proved so highly interesting and
entertaining and so thoroughly did she cover
the subject that she was asked to talk at a
number of the assemblies Friday morning.
In the afternoon the conference hour was
given her and she talked on social hygiene.
She is a very pleasing speaker, has no trouble
in making herself beard, and easily holds the
attention of her audience. Her coming to
this institute will no doubt mean a great
deal to the Indians of the southwest, for every
one who heard her has a broader conception
of vocational training, and it will be much
easier to bring about a closer correlation of
the academic and industrial work.
Dr. Murphy continued his lecture Friday
afternoon on diseases that are spread from
discharges through the mouth, nose and
throat. Among the many ways he men-
tioned in which infection by contact may
take place are the drinking cup, spoons, forks,
transfer tickets, fingers of gloves, lead pencils,
needles, envelopes and stamps. He dwelt
on diphtheria, measles, infantile paralysis and
whooping cough, the latter of which he
claimed is much more dangerous to children
under the age of five years.
Miss Keck and her department were the
center of attraction at the opening of the
afternoon sessions. In her work of the morn-
ing she gave a demonstration on cake mak-
ing and there was such a rush for samples
when it was made known in the afternoon
that the cake was being sampled that it was
with difficulty that the men were persuaded
to attend their classes.
Supt. 0. L. Babcock of the Colorado River
school at Parker, Arizona, arrived Friday
afternoon.
There were in attendance at the institute
a number of teachers who were in public
school work in many different states before
they entered the Indian Service. They had
attended institutes held for teachers in the
public schools and many were heard to say:
**This is the best institute I ever attended."
On Friday evening the employees of Sher-
man entertained the visitors at a party in
the industrial hall, but the lateness of the
hour at which they retired did not cause a
lessening of interest the next day.
One of the most interesting of the after-
noon conference was that on returned
students Saturday afternoon, the discussion
being led by Supt. Harwood Hall of Soboba,
who read an interesting paper on the sub-
ject. The returned students' problem is one
that has much concern to people on the
reservations. After a pupil has spent sev-
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379
eral years in the nonreser vat ion schools and
has had the advantages of the outing system
among the best people in the state and re-
turns home where conditions are so entirely
different, the problem is to get him to adjust
himself to conditions there, better the con-
ditions there, or make other conditons else-
where. Superintendents Conser, Babcock,
Hall, Coggeshall and Spalsbury spoke earn-
estly and enthusiastically on the progress
being made.
than do rooms with ceilings just 12 feet
above the floor. He continued to fight the
ever-present mosquito, naming those that
cause yellow fever, a different kind that
cause malaria, and so on. He attributes the
fall of Greece and Rome indirectly to the
mosquito. Armies invaded Africa where
malaria was prevalent, and becoming infected
with it carried it in their invasion of Greece
and Italy. The spread of this finally resulting
in a scourge brought about the downfall of
i_ . o
REGIMENTAL PARADE. SHERMAN INSTrTUTE.
A delightful concert was given by the
Sherman band Sunday afternoon, a large
crowd enjoying the selections rendered un-
der the direction of Bandmaster Wheelock.
Supervisor Peairs arrived Sunday evening
and Supt C. W. Goodman of Phoenix arrived
on Monday, July 27.
Dr. Murphy opened his lecture Tuesday
afternoon of the second week by calling at-
tention to the fact that rooms more than 12
feet high do not offer any better ventilation
(Continued
these great powers. He continued with dis-
eases carried by flies, the principal ones be-
ing gangrene, diseases of the eye, typhoid
fever, cholera, dysentery, tuberculosis, small-
pox, measles, glanders, plague and infantile
paralysis. Diseases spread by fleas were
taken up and he gave the plague as the prin-
cipal one. One of the great preventatives
given by the doctor was cleanUness, and he
commented on the God-given instinct of house
cleaning on the part of the women, and which
on page 386.)
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Vbe Dative Bmettcan
The Native Amemcan
Entered at PhoeQlz. Ariz'>na. as Second Class Mail Matte
C. W. GOOjMAN, Superintendeni
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
eation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKXTY-KIVK OKNTS A YIOAU
Mrs. Goodman and the boys are in Prescott
visiting Miss Shannon and Walter Goodman.
Miss Phoebe Elm spent her vacation at
Sacaton with friends.
Mrs. Etta Corwin passed her vacation at
the school and with friends in the city.
Mrs. Florence Perkins is at her desk atfain
after five weeks in Los Angeles, San Diego
and other coast points.
George A. Hoyo of Otoe, Oklahoma, made
a trip to Phoenix this summer on official
busincES.
Mrs. Rose Kibbey Krebs is a candidate for
nomination on the Republican ticket as state
superintendent of public instruction.
Miss Hendrix was delighted with the sum-
mer school at Berkeley, Calif., and looks for-
ward to returning there next year.
Mrs. Caroline Woodall has accepted the
position of cook at Truxton Canyon Indian
school.
Mrs. Posey is spending her brief annual
leave on the campus, and resting up for the
fall work.
Miss Gould returned Tuesday morning
from the coast. She stopped in Los Angeles
a week on her return from Sin Diego where
she took summer work at the normal school.
Mr. Percival and daughter. Miss Ruth, came
down Monday evening from Prescott Mrs.
Percival will remain for several weeks in the
higher altitude, visiting with friends at Skull
Valley. They report her greatly improved
in health this summer.
Mr. and Mr^. H. B. Klingenberg have re-
ceived appointment as teacher and house-
keeper respectively at McDowell day school
and will leave shortly for their new home.
Dr. and Mrs. Jacob Breid and daughter
Elizabeth are now at their old home in
Trenton, Missouri, after a pleasant stay in
Santa Fe during the institute.
Mrs. Elizabeth Eisenhower has received
regular appointment as seamstress, which
position she has been filling for several
months.
Mr. and Mrs. Barnd of Maricopa spent sev-
eral days at the club last week. Most of
their vacation has been passed on the reser-
vation.
Joseph M. Brunette spent his week of
vacation in Flagstaff where the climate
seemed more like home to him than anything
he has experienced since he left Wisconsin.
Miss Garton returned recently from her
old home in Morrisville, Missouri, accom-
panied by her brother, Charles L Garton,
whom she will place in the Phoenix high
school for the ensuing year.
Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Lawrence visited in
Los Angeles and Venice after attending the
institute at Sherman and were guests of
Supt. C. E. Shell at the Truxton Canyon
school before returning to Phoenix.
Miss Emma Monroe returned Wednesday
morning from Arkansas City, Kansas, where
she has spent the summer with relatives.
Miss Monroe took her educational leave at
Chilocco.
Miss Esther Davis spent her vacation in
Prescott and Miss Floiipa Martinez in Flag-
staff. They were both delighted with the
mountain scenery and climate of northern
Arizona.
Mrs. Pearl M. Moon and sons returned in
August from Cjy, Okla., where they spent
their vacation. During Mrs. Moon's absence
her position was filled by Mrs. Louella R»
Moorehead.
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Mr. Scott stopped at Yuma on bis return
from the coast and escorted a party of pupils
to Phoenix for enrollment.
Miss Keck gave lectures and demonstra-
tions at the institutes at Sherman, Chemawa
and Santa Fe and her classes were espe-
cially popular.
Mr. Venne returned in August from his
trip north. He stopped with his brother at
Haskell, attended the institute at Flandreau,
and visited home folks in Minnesota.
0. G. Gamer, formerly superintendent of
industries at Sherman institute, has been
reinstated in the Indian Service as superin-
tendent of construction and detailed tem-
porarily to Tuba, Arizona.
Richard Tehuma and Taquinga Dickens,
two of our Mohave-Apache pupils, were
married during the summer. We are sorry
to lose them but hope they will prove a pro-
gressive couple.
William J. Oliver, junior, arrived at the
chief clerk's home on July 21. Baby Oliver
evidently liked the climate and his surround-
ings and decided to remain, as he is thriving
nicely, in spite of the warm weather he ex-
perienced during his first six weeks.
G. L Scott, principal teacher, returned the
latter part of August from Saa Diego where
he again attended the summer normal school
and was honored by being elected president
of the student body. Mrs. Scott will remain
at Goronado until fall.
Miss Louise G. Bidwell has resigned as
nurse and gone to Seattle, Wash., to join her
sister. She will probably make her home in
the northwest Miss Bidwell has been at
the school for several years and will be missed
from her old place as the vacationers return.
J. K. Stacy returned August 30 from Gamp
Verde, Arizona, where he spent his vacation
with Dr. and Mrs. J. J. Taylor. Dr. Taylor
is the new superintendent at Gamp Verde,
being transferrel to that place after a short
incumbency at Supai.
Miss Mayham returned the middle of Au-
gust to take up her duties at the girls' home.
Her trip throu^Jh the Panama Ganal to New
York City proved very interesting and she
enjoyed a restful visit with her parents in
New York state before her cross-continent
return.
Miss Naomi Krebs has been assisting at
the main office the greater part of the sum-
mer and using the stenographic knowledge
she acquired in Phoenix high school, while
Miss Ruth Wiitenmyer has been able to ap-
ply her domestic science at the school hos-
pital.
Walter Rhodes, who has been assistant
printer for several years, has severed his
connection with the Indian Service to ac-
cept a position with the State Press in Phoe-
nix. Walter is a good pressman and already
has several years* outside expeiieoce to his
credit.
James N. Kearney, who has been farmer
at the East farm for severt 1 years, resigned
this summer and with his family returned
to Golumbus, Ohio. Mr. Kearney has not
been well for some time and it is hoped that
the change and special treatment he can
obtain in his home city will prove beneficial
to him.
Miss Jessie Wade was one of the campus
brides during the summer. She was m arried
to Glyde Hunnicutt at the Bethel chuich by
Rev. J. Allen Ray, only the necessary wit-
nesses being present at the ceremony. The
bride is the pretty and accompli^hed daugh-
ter of Mr. and Mrs B.M Wade, and the groom
is a traveling salesman with headquarters in
Phoenix at present They have the best
wishes of a host of friends.
Mrs. Gusssie S. Owsley and Miss Katherine
Keck arrived Monday evening from Santa
Fe, New Mexico, wh^re they have been for
the past two weeks at the Indian Service in-
stitute, Miss Keck being the instructor in
domestic science. They report a very inter-
esting session* 2
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ATO SELLS, Commissioner
of Indian Affairs makes
the following statement
concerning the Indian ap-
propriation bill just passed
by Congress which carries
appropriations amounting to about $11,800,"
000, $1,500,000 of this amount being appro-
priated from Indian funds.
Commissioner Sells says the bill is the
result of very careful consideration by the
Senate and House Indian affairs committees.
Altogether it is considered one of the best,
if not the best, Indian appropriation bills
enacted for a number of years.
The Indian committees of Congress with
the cooperation of the Indian Bureau have
in this bill worked out constructive legislation
for the Indians of the country along pro-
gressive lines. For example, for the first
time in the history of the Government there
has been appropriated a large amount of
money for improvement in the health con-
dition of the Indians and providing hospital
facilities for them. Three hundred thousand
dollars is appropriated for this purpose,
$100,000 of which will be used for construct-
ing hospitals at a cost not to exceed $15,000
each. In addition to this the Indian Bureau
is now constructing three hospitals for the
Sioux Indians to cost approximately $25,000
each on the Rosebud, Pine Ridge and Chey-
enne reservations. An appropriation is also
made in the Indian bill for a hospital in the
Chippewa country in Minnesota and $50,000
appropriated therefor out of Chippewa In-
dian funds. The health conditions of the
Indians have beei found to be deplorable
and little attention has heretofore been given
to correcting this condition. The appropri-
ation in the current Indian bill wUl be a
long step forward in solving this important
problem.
The appropriation for educational purposes
for the Indians is considerably increased and
special provision made for the education of
deaf, dumb and blind children, who have
heretofore been unprovided for. There is
also a specific appropriation for educational
purposes among the Papago and Navaho
Inoians. These Indians heretofore have
been neglected and several thousand Indian
children among these Indians are without
school facilities.
On the recommendation of the Indian
Bureau large reimbursable appropriations
have been provided in this bill for industrial
work among Indians. These reimbursable
appropriations will amount to more than
$700,000. The Indians have heretofore been
allotted land but they have not been pro-
vided with tools and general farm equip-
ment. This appropriation will enable the
Commissioner of Indian Affairs to improve
stock conditions and place herds of cattle on
a number of Indian reservations. It is ex-
pected that this appropriation will aid very
materially the industrial activities among
the Indians of the country and go far towards
developing their self-support.
This bill carries a somewhat reduced
amount for irrigation work on Indian reser-
vations and contains a clause which will re-
quire detailed information regarding each of
these projects to be furnished Congress at its
next session. The Indian urrigation projects
have heretofore been appropriated for and
constructed largely without adequate de-
tailed information and it is expected at the
next session of Congress that the Indian
Office will furnish a complete statement re-
garding each of these projects so that Con-
gress may have a thorough understanding
of conditions on each of the reservations
where urrigation projects are being con-
structed. It is also expected that the infer-
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mation obtained from these reports will re-
sult in procuring administrative and legis-
lative action which will protect more se-
curely the water rights of the Indians of the
country.
There is included in the bill an appropri-
ation of $85,000 to cover salaries and ex-
penses of probate attorneys under the di-
rection of the CJommissioner in the working
out of probate reforms for the protection of
the property of Indian children in Oklahoma,
which will be done in harmony with rules
of probate procedure adopted at a conference
of the county judges with the Commissioner
of Indian Affairs held in January and re-
cently adopted and promulgated by the
justices of the Supreme Court.
The bill also carries $100,000 to support a
widespread and aggressive campaign for the
suppression of the liquor traffic among In-
dians.
The bill gives the Commissioner six con-
fidential inspectors witli special civil service
qualifications. It is expected that this ap-
propriation will result in thorough inve.sti-
gations being made on Indian reservaiicuis
and throughout the Indinn country generally
that he may be advised of (he actual con-
ditions as a basis for their effective reform.
The bill provides for the consolidation of
the offices of the Five Civilized Tribes and
the Union agency and with it a reduction of
$50,000 over previous years in the expense
of conducting these two branches of the In-
dian service.
The controversy regarding the enrollment
of the Mississippi Choctaws is compromised
by omitting the Choctaws of Oklahoma from
the per capita payment made to Chickasaw
and Cherokee Indians of $100 and $15, re-
spectively.
A long contest regarding the water rights
of the Yakima Indians is finally settled by
giving these Indians a free water right to
forty acres of their allotments in perpetuity.
Another question which has been in dis-
pute for a number of years is settled by pro-
viding for allotting the remainmg unallotted
Indians on the Bad River reservation and
the distribution per capita of the remaining
tribal timber to the unallotted Indians.
Out of the funds of the confederated bands
of Utes in Utah and Colorado this bill ap-
propriates about $800,000, $100,000 for the
purchase of stock for the Navaho Springs
band of said Indians in Colorado, $200,000
for the Uintah, White River and Uncompagre
bands in Utah and the balance to be ex-
pended among all of said Indians for the pro-
motion of civilization and self-support among
them, one of the chief purposes of which is
to protect the water rights of the Ute Indians
from being forfeited within the period fixed
by law, and all of which is to give them
much needed help in industrial progress.
One hundred thousand dollars is appropri-
ated for determining the heirs of deceased
Indian allottees so that title to these lands
may be certain. There are now 40.000 of
these cases pending in the Indian Office, in
which land valued at $60,000,000 is involved.
The $15 charged to each estate for the pay-
ment of this expense has during the last
year recovered into the Treasury $80,000,
which is $30,000 more than the appropriation
on which this work was accomplished by
the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
The bill did not become law until August
1, 1914. The items of especial interest to
Arizona and New Mexico are as follows:
Jlrizona
Skc. 2. For support and civilization of In-
dians in Arizona and New Mexico, including
pay of employees, $330,000.
For support and education of 200 Indian
pupils at the Indian school at Fort Mohave,
and for pay of superintendent, $35,100; for
general repairs and improvements, $3,800; in
all, $38,900.
For support and education of 700 Indian
pupils at tlie Indian setiool at Phoenix,
Arizona, and for pay of superintendent,
$119,400; for general repairs and im-
provements, $7,500; for connecting the
sewer system of the Phoenix Indian school
and the East Farm tubercular sanatorium
with the sewer system of the city of Phoe-
nix, $82,000; in all, $158,900.
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Zbc Jfititivc Bmetlcan
For support and education of 100 pupils at
the Indian school at Truxton Canyon, Arizona,
and for pay of superintendent, $18,200; for
gen^ral repairs and improvements, $3,000; in
all, $2s200.
For maintenance, care and protection of
machinery and irrif^ation welU already com-
pleted, in connection with the irrigation of the
Inids of the Pima Indians in the vicinity of
Siciuoii, in the Gila River reservation, $10.(KX),
reimbursable from any funds of said Indians
no>v or hereafter available.
For the development of a water supply for
domestic and stock purposes and for irrii^ation
for nomadic Pupago Indians in Pima county,
Arizona, $5,000.
For the con:«truction of a bridf^e across the
Moencopi wash on the Western Navaho Indian
reservation, Arizona, $6,000, or so much there-
of as may be necessary, to be immediately
available and to remain available until expend*
ed, reimbursable to the United States by the
Indians havin)^ tribal rights on said reservation
and to remain achar)(e and lien upon the lands
and funds belonging to said Indians until
paid.
For the construction and repair of necessary
channels and laterals for the utilisation of
water in connection with the pumping plant
for irrigation purposes on the Colorado River
Indian reservation, Arizona, as provided in the
Act of April 4, 1910 (Thirty-sixth Statutes at
Large, page 27i), for the purpose of securing
an appropriation of water for the irrigation of
approximately 150,(KX) acres of land and for
maintaining and operating the pumping plant,
$15,000, reimbursable as provided in said act«
and to remain available until expended.
The Secretary of the Interior is hereby
authorized to set aside and reserve as a school
farm for the Fore Yuma Indian school, the
west half of the northwest quarter and the
west half of the southwest quarter of section
24, township 16 south, range 22 east, San
Bernardino meridian.
Th.it there is hereby appropriated, out of
any money in the Treasury not otherwi>e ap-
propriated, not to exceed the sum of $25,000,
and in no event more than one-third of the
suin that m ly be necessary for the construction
of a bridge across the Colorado riverat or near
Topock, in the state of Arizona, to be expend-
ed under the direction ot the Secretary of the
Ini'-rior: Provided, That no part of the money
herein appropriated shall be expended until
the Secri'iary of the Interior shall have ap-
proved the plans of said bridge and obtained
from the proper authorities of the state of
Arizona and the county of San Bernardino in
the state of California satisfactory guarantee
of the payment, by vhe said states, of at lea^t
two-thirds of the cost of said biidge; and that
the proper authorities of the said states assume
full responsibility for, and will at all tim*s
maintain and repair said bridge and the ap-
proaches thereto: And provided further^ That
the bridge shall be built in accordance with
the provisions of the Act entitled **An act to
regulate the construction of bridges over navi-
gable waters, approved March 23. 1906."
For maintaining, stren^theninKt and raising
the dike constructed to protect the irrigable
lands on the Fort Mohave reservation, Arizona,
from damage by floods, $5,000 reimbursable
out of any funds of said Indians now or here-
after available.
For improvement and sinking of wells, instal-
lation of pumping machinery, construction of
tanks for domestic and stock water, and for
the necessary structures for the development
of a supply of water for domestic use for eight
Papago Indian villages in southern Arizona,
$20,000.
To enable the Secretary of the Interior to
carry into effect the provisions of the sixth
article of the treaty of June 8, 1868, between
the United States and the Navaho nation or
tribe of Indians, proclaimed August 12, 1868,
whereby the United States agrees to provide
school facilities for the children of the Navaho
trii>e of Indians, $100,000; Provided, That the
said Secretary may expend said funds, in his
discretion, in establishing or enlarging day or
industrial schools.
For continuing the development of a water
supply for the Navaho Indians on the Navaho
reservation, $25,000, toTbe immediately avail-
able and to remain available until expended,
reimbursable out of ^ny funds of said Indiaus
now or hereafter available.
For the purchase of lands for the use
and benefit of Indians under the jurisdiction
of the superintendent of the Camp Verde In-
dian school, Aiizona, $20.000.10 remain availalle
until expended: Provided, That the lands pur-
chased for said Indians fchall be held in tru^^t
and be subject to the provisions of the general
allotment Act of February 8, 1887 (Twenty-
fourth Statutes at Lrarge, page 388), as amend-
ed.
That so much of the Indian appropriation
Act approved June 30, V^\Z (Thirty-eighth
Statutes at Lrarge, page 85), as makes reim-
bursable out of the tribal funds of the Fort
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Apache Indian reservation an appropriation
for the construction of two bridges on the San
Carlos Indian reservation in Arizona be, and
is hereby, repealed.
For investigation recommended by the board
of engineer ofticersof the United States army,
as set forth in paragraph 217 of their report to
the Secretary of War on February 14, 1914,
House Document Numbered 791, Sixty-third
Congress, second session, and report as to the
supply of the legally available water, acreage
available for irrigation and titles thereto, the
maximum and minimum estimated cost of the
San Carlos irrigation project, including dam
and necessary canals, ditches, and laterals,
with recommendations and reasons therefor
and the probable cost of adiudicating the
water rights along the Gila river necessary
thereto, and to take the steps necessary to
prevent the vesting of any water rights in
addition to those, if any, now existing until
further action by Congress, $50,()0().
New Mexico
Sec. 12. For support and education of 4(K)
Indian pupils at the Indian school at Albu-
querque, New Mexico, and for pay of super-
intendent, ?4>8,(>00; for general repairs and
improvements, S5,000: for assembly hall and
gymnasium building and equipment, $25,000;
in all, S*)H,()0O.
For support and education of 350 Indian
pupils at the Indian school at Sante Fe, New
Mexico, and for pay of superintendent, S59,550;
for general repairs and improvements, ^6,000;
for water supply, Sl,600; for new dairy barn,
$4,000; in all, S7l,150.
For the pay of one special attorney for the
Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, to be designat-
ed by the Secretary of the Interior, and for
necessary traveling expenses of said attorney,
S2,000, or so much thereof as the Secretary of
the Interior may deem necessary.
It will be noted that the appropriation for
rebuilding the sewer system at the school
and sanatorium and connecting with the
sewer system of Phoenix is now available,
and it is expected that bids for construction
will soon be called for.
Allotment Resolution
The following resolution concerning al-
lotments was adopted at a conference of
Indian service superintendents during the
institute at Sherman:
Whereas, It is the sense of the conference
of superintendents now in session at this place
that allotment work on reservations should be
pushed to definite and final conclusion as ex-
peditiously as possible wherever the Indians
have attained that degree of advancement to
make such action desimble to the end that
they ma3' attain the dignity of individual own-
ership and citizenshij), it is
Resolved^ That necessary action should be
taken at once to allot to individuals the reser-
vations of southern California, especially, and
any others wherever the advancement of the
Indians is similar, looking to the freeing of
such Indians from close Government super-
vision and placing thetn in line for citizen-
ship and full independence.
[Signed) C. H. ASBURY,
O. B. GOOUALL,
HAKWOOD HALU
CommUtec^
Kiowa Anti-Tobacco Campaign
In a recent number of ''"'llo^ne and Scliool^'*'*
Michael Wolf, *13, disciplinarian of the Rainy
Mountain school, Gotebo, Oklahoma, tells of
his work among the Kiowas. He says, '*Seven
weeks ago an anti-tobacco campaij^n was be-
gun for the Kiowa boys of this school. Pre-
vious to that time 42 boys out of 82, or more
than 52 per cent, were on the threshold of the
tobacco habit. Today there is not a single
boy who uses tobacco in any form. The success
of the anti-tobacco movement is due to the
manly and courageous boys who resisted the
appetite for tobacco. It is a noble fight for a
clean, healthy body and fora strong character
that these boys are engaged in, and one cannot
praise them too highly.'*
Anadarko, Oklahoma
Home ami School,
Baldwin Yoke-su-ite and Ella Poaf-py-bitty
were married by their pastor, July 14.
Miss Holmes has accepted a transfer to
Mount Pleasant, Michigan. Her position has
been filled by transfer.
Mr. and Mrs. Segar have gone to Vernon,
Texas, to spend the thirty days' recreation al-
lowed by Uncle Sam, with friends and relatives.
H. C. Russell has received a transfer to
Sisseton, South Dakota. S. Toledo Sherry of
Fort Peck, Montana, will fill the vacancy.
They will report for duty at their respective
places August 16.
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TEbe native Smectcan
INDIAN INSTITUTE AT SHERMAN
(Continued from page 379.)
is doing so much in the way of keeping
down the spread of diseases.
He named the enormous figures of fifty
million dollars* worth of property that is de-
stroyed annually on account of rats and mice.
Grain, foundations of houses, foods, silks,
dress goods and many other things are de-
stroyed by these "varmints."
At the conclusion of the doctor's address
Supervisor Goodall made some announce-
ments, and spoke of the general interest be-
ing manifested in the work of the institute,
after which he called on Supervisor Peairs
who addressed the assembly on the general
purposes of the institute and the reasons for
including the various topics in which in-
struction is being given Mr. Peairs gave
all a most pleasant greeting and at once
entered into his subject with his usual vim
and enthusiasm. He places Indian education
as the most complex of all systems of edu-
cation for the reason that the Indians are so
widely scattered. The problem is to adapt
the educatian of Indians to local conditions.
In Maine the conditions are much different
from those of southern California, and those
in the Dakotas very much different from
those of Arizona. He is firm in the belief
that the greatest results in Indian education
must come through the young people He
gave as follows his reasons for placing on
the course for institutes the various subjects
being pursued with such great interest: First,
the Indian must be an English speaking per-
son before he can be lifted to a higher plane
of civilization, and for this reason be must
be taught to read, write and speak good Eng-
lish. He advanced the idea that the instruc-
tion in this subject must be carried on in the
industrial departments with as much vigor
as in the academic departments. The model
primary lessons were being given to enable
teachers to understand how to start the In-
dian child in the right direction in the very
beginning of his education. Penmanship
comes naturally to the Indian child, he said,
and "nothing succeeds like success," nor en-
courages any one to the greater efforts than
the knowledge that he excels in at least one
thing, to be able to do one thing better than
any one else. His reason for adding hygiene
and sanitation was that there must be health
before there can be very much development
in any line. He said that it is the intention
to build up the general health of the Indians,
and not be constantly fighting the diseases
common to them. For this reason also was
group athletics which is an important fea-
ture in this campaign for the health of the
Indian people. Drawing anil woodwork mean
so much to the Indian in the way of making
his home better; likewise cooking and sewing
for the girls and horticulture and gardening
for the boys. They will add a great deal to
the home comforts in addition to being a
great factor in bringing about the transition
from the Indian of the tepee to tte Indian
with modern homes and our modern civiliza-
tion. He insists that the instruction along
all lines be made to touch the home life of
the child. On account of the growing scar-
city of timber and the demand for concrete
in home building in the country and in the
city he thought it wise to add instruction in
this industry. "All work and no play makes
Jack a dull boy" was uppermost in his
mind when he added a course in lace-
making. Aside from offering a departure
from the many irksome routine duties of life
it has a commercial value.
Following his address Principal Teacher
Burton L. Smith of Sherman institute opened
in an address the discussion on "Conserva-
tion of the Pupirs Time." Mr. Smith held
to the idea that there must be a definite
plan of work; outlines in both departments
covering the work of the year. These out-
lines should be prepared with much thought
and time and everything that will not be of
special benefit to the Indian should be elimi-
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nated. The calendar of the work was an-
other topic Mr. Smith discussed. Much time
will be saved, and a time for everyvhing
provided; the preparation of every lesson by
the teacher regardless of what grade; teachers
keep pupils busy, and busy with something
that will mean development and growth for
the Indian child. There must be a time for
recreation which will enable pupils to ac-
complish more work in the same length of
time. The daily program gives each sub-
witb each other and their work.
At the conclusion of the lecture in garden-
ing that followed this conference the members
the institute assembled on the campus where
they were photographed by a photographer
from Riverside.
"It is the white man's firewater thai is
ruining the Indian," was the statement
made Monday evening at the beginning of
the second week of the institute by Henry
A. Larson, chief special officer for liquor
DOMESTIC SCIENCE BUILDING, SHERMAN INSTTTUTE.
O—
ject its relative amout of time without infring-
ing on the other work; it necessitates quicker
movements on the part of pupil as well as
teacher.
Employees* meetings should be held in
which the work of each department is brought
up and in the general meetings the work
relating to all is talked over in common.
This brings the employees to a better under-
standing of each other's problems. It brings
ithem in closer contact and closer sympathy
suppression of the Indian Service. Mr. Lar*
son delivered a strong lecture on *The
Liquor Problem" in a way to interest tem-
perance forces both in and out of the service.
In introducing Mr. Larson, Supervisor
Peairs said:
"Mr. L/arson has been aazious to see the
liquor traffic among the Indians suppressed
and he has taken the opportunity is these in-
stitutes to emphasize the fact. For years his
name has been associated with the liquor sub-
ject.**
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^be Vlative Bmerlcan
Mr. Larson sal J in pari:
**To jou as emplo3*ees of the Indian Service
is communicated the greatest trust given any
class of citizens, that of taking- char^fe of the
Indians, elevatin-^ them to a better method of
liviiiji^ and to a hii^her moral standard.
**In this discussion of temperance I shall
refer to the attitude taken by the Indians
themselves on the liquor subject. The gen-
eral attitude of the early chiefs was that of
antagonism toward lirewater. The chiefs
talked against it because of the effect on their
3'oung Indians. One young Indian said he veas
a clever fellow at home, but a hog when in the
city where the white man kept his firewater.
Another Indian changed his place of trading
because, as he remarked, in that store white
men gave him whisky that they might get the
better of him. In the new trading post they
did not offer him whisky.
**Chief after chief has spoken against it, but
to Little Turtle is due the credit of the first
legislation by national Congress. In 1802 Con-
gress passed a law prohibiting the sale or fur-
nishing of liquor to Indians, One chief said:
*I am urging my people to leave firewater
alone and I want you to aid me.' Red Jacket
took the same stand, urging his people to keep
it away as it had a bad effect on them.
**By treaties made with Indians in the cen-
tral part of the United States we realize their
great antagonism toward liquor. They wished
great stretches of country to remain under
prohibition. If the ch efs when transferring
their land to the white man provided that in-
toxicants ^^hould be kept out, we have proof
the ?»tatement is true. The hereditary chief
of the Cheyenne toddy realizes the effect on
the system and says he is going to leave
whisky alone and follow the example of the
white teacher. Every Indian service employee
should take a stand of personal total absti-
nence. Teach the boys and girls to leave in-
toxicating liquor alone and shun it in every
form.
**We are living in a swift age and all is prog-
ress. The boy of today, who wishes to make
a success as the man of tomorrow, must apply
himself. You here tonight (addressing a num-
ber of Indian students in the front seats of
the auditorium) can have the ambition to be
the best there is in the world. The woods are
full of persons who do things fairly well. If
you are going to do it right, boys, your minds
must be free from the numb of alcohol. There
are more opportunities today than ever before
and there wiU be still more opportunities to-
morrow. You cannot lake advantage of the-.e
unless you leave liquor alone and are con-
stantly at your best. There are in this coun-
try 1,200,000 railroad employees and <»f the!ie
1,000,000 are entitled to their positions because
of total abstinence. You can*i affoid to touch
it, my boys. Read stories of baseball wonder*
and you will find they are total abstainers, and
such is true of men who reach attainment in
all lines of undertaking.
*'We have heard about the Germans drinking-
beer. Investigation has shown that a lar^e
number are rejected from the German army
because of weak heart action, caused by too
much beer. There is much liver and kidney
trouble among Germans from the same Ciius^e.
An educational campaign i?> now on in Gt-r-
many teaching the citizens to avoid the use
of beer. No country on the globe is more
wrought up over this subject.
*'It is a well-known fact that liquor produces
crime and pauperism. The inmates of insane
asylums are produced largely by liquor. The
first year after places where liquor was sold
unlawfully were closed in Kansas Ciij- the
schoolhouses were crowded with boys and girls
who formerly had been obliged to work. The
building permits increased 209 per cent.
**The only reason the white man wishes to
give the Indian liquor is the desire to take ad-
vantage of him. You can't profit by the use
of intoxicating liquor and by using it you are
tying yourself to the Devil's apron string.
You students should insist that teachers and
instructors give you instruction against liq-
uor. As teachers you have an opportunity lo
save a race by putting forth your energies in
the right direction."
Tuesday afternoon the superintendents as-
sembled in the industrial hall for a reorgan-
izaiion of the conferences of mission superin-
tendents. The original association of super-
intendents included only those of southern
California. A resolution was introduced to
include all superintendents of the southwest-
ern district, all superintendents, ex- superin-
tendents and visiting superintendents. The
resolution was passed with a unanimous vote.
Officers were elected for the ensuing year
as follows: President, Superintendent Mort-
solf of Carson, Nevada; vice president, Supt.
T. F. McCormick of Pala, California; secre-
tary, Supt. R. L. Spalsbury of Bishop, Cali-
fornia. Fifteen superintendents were in at-
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tendance at this meeting, eight of whom
have jurisdiction in California, six in Arizona
and one in Nevada. The gereral officers of
the service, Supervisor H. B. Peairs, Super-
visor Murphy, Supervisor Goodall, Assistant
Supervisor Coon and Chief Special Officer
Henry A. Larson were also present, but took
no part iu the meetin.4 beyond a discussion
of the topics that came up for discussion.
The question corcerning allotments, Indian
fairs, and the promotion of stock raising
were discussed at this meeting. In addition
to the officers the following superintendents
were present: Messrs Conser, G')odman, Hall,
Shell. Duclos, Maxwell, Boyd, Runke. Cogge-
shall, Edmondson, Games and Babcock.
All academic teachers in attendance at
the institute were especially pleased and
interested in the lecture Wednesday after-
noon by Dr. Murphy on "School Hygiene."
The one great problem, he said, is the proper
sanitation in the school He places heating
and ventilation among the most important
features. A knowledge of the effects of
temperature and humidity on the health of
the child was emphasized by the doctor. If
the humidity is too high (he effect on the
child will be depressing. If there is too much
moisture in the air of the school rooms it
will absorb more heat and create a feeling
of discomfort. The best results are obtained
when the temperature and humidity are
given their proper consideration by the
teacher. If the rooms are close and poorly
ventilated, the air will become too dry, and
the pupils will become susceptible to colds,
etc., which may lead to various affections.
The best results are obtained when the
temperature of the class rooms is between
60 and 68. He emphasized the necessity of
thermometers in all the school rooms, and
having a pupil record the temperature hourly
during the day. He considers the direct in-
direct system of heating and ventilating best.
Windows should be open at all times to allow
a free exchange of air. To best facilitate
complete ventilation he would have muslin
screens made and placed under the windows.
This assists in keeping an equal tempera-
ture and aids in ventilation. This plan ap-
plies to colder climates where the tempera-
ture is such that windows can not be thrown
open all day on account of the cold. If the
atmosphere becomes too dry he advocates
placing basins of water in the room, and pot-
ted plants.
The next topic was cleanliness of the
school. First, at the day schools he would
have drinking fountains that automatically
drain themselves; have the source of the
water supply absolutely without the least
possibility of contamination. He advocated
the drinking of a great deal of water at meal
times; more water and less tea and coffee.
Second, he would abolish common drinking
cups, roller towels, the promiscuous passing
of soap from one to another, and to use in-
stead individual towels, liquid soap dispen-
sers, individual brush<.s and combs, the use of
tooth brushes freely; clean, well kept school
rooms; sweeping done in a manner that will
raise as little dust as possible, and the black-
boards washed frequently; and individual
books, pencils, etc. Third, he cautioned the
teachers to be on guard at all times for the
bodily defects of the child; diseases of the
mouth, nose and ear, adenoids, etc. As a
means of detecting the latter he mentioned
mouth breathing, nasal voice, and crocked
upper teeth, and dullness and stupidity, star-
ing countenance. By their close contact
with the pupils the teachers may be able to
detect many of the defects of the child that
if treated in time serious results may be
avoided.
At 3 o'clock Dr. Edwin Snyder, commis-
sioner of vocational education of the state
of Calirornia, addressed the institute on "The
General Method of Presentation of Vocational
Subjects." This scholarly discourse prepare d
the way for his lecture at 8 in the evening
on vocational education.
In introducing the speaker Supervisor
H. B. Peairs referred to the subject of voca-
tional training as one receiving more atten-
tion than any one other kind of education
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Zb€ l^atit^e Bmerican
Dr. Snyder was a teacher for a number of
years, and during this time he held to the
same views as he now holds on the question
of vocational education. He does not see why. .
there is not education in the planning and
building the Brooklyn bridge as there was in
the writing of Emerson's essays. There is
development of the mind through vocational
subjects the same as in other systems of edu-
cation. He commented on the general prob-
ability of every new system or method
being fought at the doors of our schools until
th3 growing demand insists that it be in-
cluded in the instruction. For fifty years
the public has been observing the need of
some educational system that would bring
out the best there is in the child, whether it
be along the line of vocational work, or of a
work of the mind exclusively.
To the Indian schools he gives the credit
of being the pioneers in a movement that
has placed this training on a firm basis in
the state of California, and which he thinks
will in a short time mean a complete rever-
sion of the school systems of this great com-
monwealth. On account of being able to
see just what were the results of this dual
system of education its introduction was
more easily accomplished. The one thought
he made paramount throughout his lecture
was expression. Of this there are a number
of different types, among which he mentioned
the transmission of thought and the func-
tion of developing the mind. There is noth-
ing learned, he said except through expres-
sion. The individual must use his mind in
order to be happy. There is no lot in life
wherein the individual can be happy unless
the mind be used. He spoke of organic ex-
pression, the expression of the child while
pia}ing: this expression is obtained through
freedom to the child; shoulder expression
which he had noticed among Indian boys: ani-
mal expression, that of the cat; linguistic ex-
pression, that of oral and written laiiguajiie.
from the representative we have the pic-
tures; from the dramatic we have the reality^
and from the written we have the abstract.
One can think much better with things in his
hand. The material expression, is obtained
through vocational education, and before the
greatest degree of development can be reach-
ed there must be expression through the
physical world and through the material
world. Writers must feel whole paragraphs*
musicians must feel the whole selection and
artists must have in mind the whole picture.
He closed with the statement that the ooe
great aim in any system of education is to
get the child to think and to get expression.
Because of the pending Indian bill before
Congress Commissioner Cato Sells was un-
able to attend the institute and the follow-
ing telegram was read at the institute Thurs-
day afternoon:
"Your telegram 27th. Conference has dis-
agreed on several important items in Indian
appropriation biU and it seems important I re-
main here for consultation when called upon
by senators and representatives. It is a great
disappointment to me for I have looked for^
ward to this occasion as one of mutual help-
fulness, and exceedingly regret the unforseen
intervention which makes it impossible to Join
in the deliberations of the Riverside institute.
Am delighted with large attendance you report
and trust it will be even a greater success
than the institutes held at Chilocco and Flan-
dreau. These institutes should be largely help-
ful to the service. I wish to congratulate you.
Superintendent Conser, and all others partici-
pating in attendance and trust that results
there as elsewhere will be so satisfactory that
we will be amply justified in establishing this
innovation."
Dr. Murphy concluded his series of lectures
before the int^titute with a strong plea for
better care and protection of the teeth. He
enumerated a number of diseases that are
characteristic of bad teeth, and he urged tooth
brush drill. He also called attention to the
fact that 90 per cent or moie of cases which it
was once thought were benefitted by alcohol
are hindered rather than benefitted. He
was dsked a number of questions in regard
tu alcohol for snake bites, stings, etc^ and
his answer was that the most serious results
were noticed when alcohol had been used.
Supt. C. W. Goodman of Che Ph*)euix In*
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dian school spoke at the round table con-
ference on Thursday, afternoon on the sub-
ject assigned^ '*Moral TrakuDg.** Mr. Good-
man believes in every erairfoyee being a liv-
ing example of excellent mbrals and en^-
phasized the importance of teaching this
by example and precept! Following bina
were Mrs. Gilmao, Mrs.Ewbank, Superin-
tendent Babcoek, Mr. Sim^ral, Hon. Levi
Chubbuck, Special Agent Asbury and Super-
visor GoodalV all of whom spoke from the
heart in what we would do -to expect the
boys and girls to be brought to a higher
stiandard of morals.
At the afternoon session resolutions were
adopted by the members of the institute
thanking the employees and pupils of Sher-
man institute for their many courtesies and
entertainment.
The crowning lecture of the course for the
institute was delivered by $upt. J. H. Fran-
cis of the Los Angeles city schools Thursday
evening. Preceding his introduction by
Superintendent Conser, the Sherman insti-
tute orchestra delighted the audience wilt
a special nu mber.
The speaker said when he asked on what
subject he was to lecture, and was told
"Vocational Educ£rtion'* he answered: '*It does
not make any difference on what subject, for
it would be the same speech anyway."
"All education is vocational/' he said.
"There is only one kind of. education that
might not be considered vocational^ and that
is the EngUsh education, which trains men to
become gentlemen. In this country we have
not reached that stag^e. The main thing in aU
education is development.
"There is no class of people that needs so
much to be educated as the farmer. More
than the doctor and the lawyer does he need
science, economy, finance and sociology. He
should be an all round educated man. So it is
with the farm woman. The girls on the farm
should know science, for in woman's hands
Ues the health of the'tiation more than any on^
else. In this age of sanitation she needs the
science of biology, physiology and economy.
'*The greatest of all social sciences is the
science of production; that proKresa made by
women in food, clothing and shelter, from 60
to 80 percent of which is controlled bj her.
The next 25 to 50 years is tabe marked by the
vocational education of women. A long timet
ago the vocations were divided, the men doing
one kind of work and the wotHen another. Th^
Work that the women now do is as important
as that done bj thfe men. She doennot recog-«
i^i^e her own value in her work in the home, in;
the kitchen, at the table, or in the yard. She'
i^ playing her part in life with as great suc-
cess as the men.
**Our high schools, and even the second-
arv schools of art, music and science get
the .jobil4ren ready for higher learning that
will lead to the university, and there get the
vocational training. Why is this necessary?
Why study aifj^ebra? Why study geometry?
Where wlMit fit into their lives. They study
these subjects because men have studied them
thinking it meant education and development.
Chemistry was once studied by men who were
to become engineers.; It is now studied by wo-
men—the chemistry of food.
"The.best ladies' tailors, milliners, chefs,
designers and architects are men. Why not
women? We must teach the women and the
girls that the maid in the kitchen is as good
as the one she works for.
••In the great schema of education there
must be a clearing field for the child. The
right kind of teachers will study the children
and tell the children until everyone is enabled
to find himself. Some parentk want their chil-
dren to be educated so that they will not have
to work. The great purpose of education is to
prepare us for the world's work.
••There are thousamlg of girls and boys who
have no purpose 4n life. They are simply drift-
ing. They must g^e't ready and prepare to do
something definite. They must be headed
somewhere, even though they have to go
through fire to get there! 'The world stands
aside for the man who knows where he is
going,' said Dr. Jordan. Teachers must be
ready to Help. No teacher can teach who can
not talk the language of the child, and when I
find a teacher who. can do this I want her, even
though she may not have a university degree."
The las^ sessions of the various classes
were held Friday morning and in the after-
noon the members of the institute attended
moving pictures at Riverside given in honor
of the visitors. The most interesting picture
shown was that on the subject of taking care
of the teeth and a picture of the Chilocco in-
stitute was also thrown on the screen.
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A large number of the visitors left River*
side Friday evening and Saturday morning
for home or the beaches.
All unite in praising Superintendent and
Mrs. Conser» the employees of Sherman and
the pupils for th.^ care and attention be
stowed on the visitors.
The registration of the institute was as
follows:
WASHINGTON, D. 0.
H. B. Peairi, gnpervisor of Indian sehooli.
W. W. Ooon, assistant sapervisor of Indian ichoolt.
Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, medical supervisor.
John M. Truesdale, special assistant attorney gentral.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.
Otis B. Ooodall, supervisor southwest distriet.
DENVER, COLORADO.
Henry A. Larson, chief special officer.
PHOENIX, ARIZONA.
C. W. Ooodman, superintendent.
Carroll L. Scott, principal teacher.
Everett W. Lawrence, printer.
Mrs. Everett W. Lawrence.
Miss Katherine Keck, domestic science teaehcr.
Anna C. BuIIard, housekeeper.
Mary V. Rice, teacher.
FORT DEFIANCE, ARIZONA.
Miss Francoise Johnson, teacher.
FORT MOHAVE. ARIZONA.
A. F. Duclos, superintendent.
Clara F. Duclos, clerk.
George L. Leaminfi:, principal teacher.
Nana Learning, baker.
A. L. Disbrow, carpenter.
James R. Smith, engineer.
Elizabeth Smith, teacher.
Delia Henderson, assistant matron.
KAIBAB. ARIZONA.
J. E. Maxwell, superintendent.
PARKER. ARIZONA.
Omar L. Babcock, fuperintendoit.
Sallie O. Babcock, matron.
Charles F. Welles, clerk.
Ida M. Welles, matron.
8ACAT0N, ARIZONA.
Prank A. Thackery, superintendent.
John F. Chambers, teacher (Casa Blanca).
Mrs. Agnes M. Chambers, housekeeper (Casa Blanca).
Miss A. M. St. Clair, teacher.
Mrs. Sarah M. Oilman, teacher (Santan).
SALT RIVER. ARIZONA.
Daniel B. Linderman, teacher.
Jennie C. Gabtis, teacher.
TRUXTON CANTON, ARIZONA.
CharTes E. Shell, superintendent.
Margaret J. Durr, matron.
Olive C. Ford, seamstress.
TUCSON, ARIZONA.
H. J. McQuicg, superintendent.
Minnie M. Estabrook, field matron.
TTTMA, ARIZONA.
Harry M. Carter, clerk.
Mrs. Harry M. Carter, field matron.
Anna M. Amon. matron.
WESTERN NAVAHO, TUBA, ARIZONA.
Walter Runke, superintendent.
BISHOP, CALIFORNIA.
Ross L. Spalsbury, superintendent.
George Simeral, teacher.
L. L. Goen, teacher (Big Pine).
Mrs. L. L. Goen. housekeeper (Big Pine).
Mrs. Starr Hayes, teacher (Independence).
Clarke Spalsbury.
OOLTON. CALIFORNIA.
Orlando J. Purdy, deputy special officer.
Mrs. Orlando J. Purdy.
August A. Lomas, deputy special officer.
OAMPO, 0ALI70BKIA.
Dr. Carl Boyd, superintendent.
Mrs. Ruth Boyd, teacher.
GLENDALE. CALIFORNIA.
C. L. Gates, commercial teacher (formerly at Sherman).
HOOPA, CALIFORNIA.
C^rtrude F. Lobdell, teacher.
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.
Elmer E. Kinnett, special officer.
J. T. Francis, superintendent of schools.
Frank B. Fitch, city schools.
Miss Cora Coogle.
Helen M. Fitch.
W. T. Brownrldge.
Mrs. W. T. Brownrldge.
W. T. Brownrldge, Jr.
W. A. Coogle.
Mrs. W. A. Coogle.
Miss Faith Guy.
MALKI, CALIFORNIA.
O. T. Coggeshall, superintendent.
Harriet R. Coggeshall, financial clerk.
MESA GRANDE, CALIFORNIA.
T. M. Games, teacher.
Mrs. Mary Games, housekeeper.
PALA, CALIFORNIA.
T. F. McCormlck, superintendent.
Mabel A. McCormlck, financial dark.
Alice McCormlck.
John Wetenhall, farmer (Rlncon).
Mrs. John Wetenhall (Rincon).
Ora M. Salmon, teacher.
Ella C. Osterberg, teacher.
Hlldur 0. Osterberg.
Rev. Fr. George D. Doyle.
Mary Noyes, teacher (La Jolla).
RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA.
Levi C. Chubbuck, Department of Agriculture.
Mrs. Levi C. Chubbuck.
O. G. Camer, superintendent of conitmction.
Mrs. M. C. Woodard.
SHERMAN INSTITUTE, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA.
P. M. Conser, superintendent.
Mrs. F. M. Conser.
W. W. Roblee, M. D., physician.
E. E. Kight linger, clerk.
H. E. Mitchell, clerk.
Mary G. Arnold, assistant clerk.
Gertrude Ferris, assistant clerk.
Burton L. Smith, princlnal teacher.'
Harry L. Camer, disciplinarian.
J. R. Whpelock. musical director.
Murray A. Collins, snnerlntendent of industries.
Joseph D. Porte, printer.
J. R. McClellan, farmer. J -
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Frank J. Veith, gardener and florlsW
Walter Smith, gardener.
Romaldo J. Lachusa, assistant gardeaai.
Joseph Scholder, mason.
Fred Long, carpenter.
John Poseyesva, carpenter.
James S. Bunch, blaclcsmith.
Jamos H. Sheridan, harnessmaker.
Michael Mullens, tailor.
Charles C. Meairs, engineer.
Sylvas Lubo, assistant engineer.
J. D. Qrant, laborer.
Orrington Jewett, outing matron.
Roma F. Ewbank, matron.
Annie E. Meyers, matron.
Lyda McGowan. matron.
Mattie J. Forrester, matron.
Autta C. Nevitt. assistant matron.
Alice Guest, assistant matron.
Anna W. Lubo, as istant matron.
Juliana Amago, assistant matron.
Anna Page, cook.
Christine Lents, club cook.
Katherine Emrrsm. assi5>tant cook.
OHie Hollis, baker.
Harriet Qnillian, nurse.
Bitha I. Confield. seamstreit.
Anna 0. Smith, assistant seamstress.
Florence Marsh, domestic science teacher.
Jessie W. Cook, teacher.
Nellie Stevens, teacher.
Katherine Norton, teacher.
Cora E. Muench, teacher.
Etiith McGowan, teacher.
.Jennie Hood, teacher.
Arthur V. Kalb, teacher.
Mary L. Meairs. laundress.
Susan C. Hildebrand, assistant.
Kenneth A. Marmon, assistant.
Rose N. McClellan, assistant.
Vera A. Lindsav, assistant.
Mrs. H. E. Mitchell.
Mrs. Emma Klghtlinger.
Mrs. P. Veith.
Mrs. Murray A. Colllni.
Mrs. M. Mullen I.
Mrs. J. S. Bunch.
Mabel Bunch.
<?ertrude Mullens.
.Anna Mullens.
REDONDO. CALIFORNIA.
Mrs. J. W. Copelan.
REDLAND8. CALIFORNIA.
Mrs. E. C. Sterling.
Mrs. Jennie E. Davie.
ROUND VALLET, CALIFORNIA.
Carolina Nolasquex, cook.
SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA.
Miss Ednah A. Rich, president State Normal school.
SAN BERNARDINO. CALIFORNLK.
Clement T. Johnson, deputy special offleer.
Mrs. O. T. Johnson.
SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.
Henrietta M. Wolter, formerly clerk, Osage, Oklahoma.
J. D. Shipp.
Mrs. J. D. ShIpp.
SAN JACINTO, CALIFORNIA.
W. D. Bslley. clerk.
Mrs. W. D. Bailey.
SANTA YSABEL. CALIFORNIA.
Dr. L. B. Sandall, physician.
Mrs. L. B. Sandall.
Ora Scholder. matron.
Myrtle A. Hardin, teacher.
80B0BA, CALIFORNIA.
Harwood Hall, superintendent.
Mrs. Harwood Hall.
Miss Lilah Hall.
.Mrs. Ellen Lawrence, lacemaker.
Dr. William L. Shawk, agency physician (Cahuilla).
Emily C. Shawk, teacher (Cahuilla).
THERMAL, CALIFORNIA.
Mrs. A. A. Lomas.
TULE RIVER. CALIFORNIA.
A. P. Edmonson, superintendent.
Donie H. Dutton, teacher (Auberry).
Mrs. Lydia S. Piesse (Porterville).
CARSON SCHOOL. STEWART, NEVADA.
J, B. Mortsolf, superintendent.
D. H. Reed, clerk.
F. J. Gehringer, disciplinarian.
Grace Mortsolf, teacher.
Emma A. Gehrinper, assistant matron.
Sadie M. Fleming, teacher.
Kenneth Mortsolf.
Keith Mortsolf.
Leonard Gehringer.
Paul Gehringer.
Alice Reed.
Margaret Reed.
Mrs- D. H. Reed.
LOVELOCKS. NEVADA.
W. J. Merz, teacher.
Mrs. W. J. Merz, housekeeper.
NIXON. NEVADA.
Hiram Jones, farmer.
RENO, NEVADA.
C. H. Asbury, special agent.
Ralph Asbury.
ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO.
Clyde M. Blair, principal teacher.
Mrs. Mary B. Blair, teacher.
SANTA CLARA, NEW MEXICO.
Elizabeth J. Richords, teacher.
ZUNI, NEW MEXICO.
Elizabeth Blythe, seamstress.
HASKELL INSTITUTE. LAWRENCE. KANSAS.
Mrs. May Stanley, teacher.
SANTEE, NEBRASKA.
John H. Hofeldt.
CHILOCCO. OKLAHOMA.
Daisy B. Hylton. sewing instructor.
Mrs. Edgar K. Miller.
WHITE ROCKS, UTAH.
Charles Reed, Industrial teacher.
Frank Davis, farmer.
Lorena M. Sanders, teacher.
The Native American is inr^ebted to the
Riverside EnterpTisf>^ RiverFidp, CRlKorni«,
for its cooperation in furnishing copies of
the various lectures delivered at the insti-
tute durinfi the two weeks* sessions.
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Institute Notes
Phoenix school was represented at the
institutes at Sherman, Chemawa, Santa Fe,
Chilocco and Flandreau.
On the Reds in the group athletics, who
won easily in ell the events, were Messrs
Goodman, Scott and Lawrence of Phoenix*
Piincipal Teacher Smith's classes in arith-
metic were very popular and those of Mr.
Scholder in concrete work were largely at-
tended by both men and women.
Supervisor Goodall had the walls of his
office decorated wiih drawings by Monroe
Frederick, one of Mrs. Cor win's pupils, which
were admired by all visitors
Mr. S-iOit's paper on "Correlation of Aca-
demic and Industrial Departments" aroused
a spirited discussion which extended over
two days.
One of the amusing features of the in-
stitute was the evening line of husbands in
front of RamonaHome calling on their wives
and renewing their courtship days.
A number of the employees at Sherman
volunteered to board some of the visitors
and those so fortunate as to board at Mrs.
Veith's were treated to some excellent old
southern cooking.
Ph- enix school was well represented at the
Stierman institute. Those attending were
Supt. C. W. Goodman, Mr Scott, Mr. and Mrs.
Liwrence, Miss Keck, Miss Rice and Miss
Ballard.
One of the most interesting events during
the institute was the visit to the farm of the
school. The trip whs made in autos and the
guests were received by Mr. and Mrs. J. R.
MoC ellan.
The L I. A. R. S. club, composed of men
attHnfrin4 the institute atid living in Alle-
s in Iro L)d4^, held d ly and night sessions in
C^emawa park, adjoining the school campus
and many subjects of interest to workers in
the Indian Service were discussed at these
meetings. A mock trial was held in which
the defendant was acquitted and elected to
the highest office in the club.
Havasupai Agency, Supai, Arizona
By Social CoiTespondent.
There has been some good work done on the
reservation roads during the past two weeks
which was needed badly.
There was a considerable slide of rock from
the canyon wall one night recently which caused
considerable noise in the canyon. The un-
usual noise called forth a strenuous chorus
from about twenty-five Indian dogs.
Havasupai day school opened July 6 with
Mrs. Ella West as teacher and Mrs. Amelia
Menger as housekeeper. School will close
November 30 for a vacation period during
December, January and February. There are
twenty-three children attending school this
year.
On the morning of July 13 Sterling Akaba
died after a lingering illness of many months.
Sterling was an active, progressive man and
his early death is sad indeed. One of his last
requests was to be buried like a white man. so
a rough casket was made in the school shop and
on July 14 he was laid to rest in the Indian
burying ground just below Mooney Falls.
The annual pow-wow of the Supai, Mohave
and Walapai tribes was held on this reservation
August 17 to August 21. About fifty visiting
Indians were here. Every one seemed to have
a good time and the whole affair was conducted
along lines of moderation and good order.
Jim Mahone and Jim Fielding were here and
enjoyed themselves among old friends and
made many^ new ones.
On the evening of August 12 Austin Hami-
dreck and Kate Mooney were united in
marriage by Superintendent West at the
agency. Kate had just returned from the
Phoenix Indian school which she had attended
for the past three years. Austin is one of our
progressive Supai boys. He is one of the proud
owners of a new cottage and has it fitted up
with a good cook stove, table and other things
necessary to maintain a civilized home. Im-
mediately after the marriage ceremony Mr.
and Mrs. Hemidreck went to their new home
and with them went many good wishes from
their friends.
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^
FORTIFIED
gXPECT but littk
Yet strive to well
deserve—
Lift to sublimest heights
the joy to serve —
And building thus a wall
of sure defense
We guard and save our
souFs own recom-
pense.
-A. H. McQuiikin, in Inland Printer
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EMPLOYEES AT LAKE VERMILLION SCHOOL. TOWER. MINNESOTA
From left to right— Carl Staiiard, farmer; R. L. Hughes, engineer; Miss Jessie Cupp, primary teacher; Mrs. Mary
Riegert. matron; Miss Cora Coffee, clerk; J. Adelbert Tobey. principal teacher; John Anderson, assistant; Mrs. Angus,
cook; Mrs. Mary A. Holliday. seamstress; Peter Wetcnhall, industrial teacher and disciplinarian; Miss Paiti Campbell ,
kindergartner; Dr. Otis 0. Benson, superintendent.
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rOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE*'
IVE AMERICAN
>4V0ted to Indian Education
Volume t5
September 12. 1*^14
9{ixmber29
National Congress of American Indians
EARLY in the month of October the pro-
gressive and patriotic Indians of the
country will hold a national conference at
the University of Wisconsin at Madison,
Wisconsin. Under the leadership of Indians
who have attained high positions in modern
American life, Indians of all classes, from
the tepee dweller to the dweller in marble
halls, will meet with their white friends to
discuss the destiny of the Indian race.
The Madison meeting will be under the
jurisdiction of the Society of American In-
dians, a national organization of Indians and
their friends, that has attained not only
country-wide prominence but a standing in
Europe as well. The Indians and their
friends were invited to Wisconsin's great
university through the interest of President
Van Hise and through the Wisconsin State
Historical society.
The program as aiinouticed will embrace
many vittU discussions and the speakers will
be men and women wdo have expert know-
ledge of Indian affairs as well as of the
principles of race development. Among the
speakers are Hon. Gabe E. Parker, register
of the United States Treasury, a Choctaw
Indian; Dr. Sherman Coolidge, president of
the society; Dr. Carlos Montezuma, an
Apache and a well known Chicago physician;
Gen. R. H. Pratt, founder of the Indian
school system; Dr. Charles Van Hise, presi-
dent of Wisconsin university; Rev. Henry
Roe-Cloud, a Winnebago and a Yale graduate;
Father Pnillip Gordon, a Chippewa Indian
who is an ordained priest; William J Ker-
shaw, an attorney and a Mei^omine Indian
of Mil waukee; Dennison Wheelock, an Oneida
and a lawyer of West Depere, Wisconsin;
Stephen Jones, Indian Y. M. C. A. secretary
and a member of the Santee Sioux; Matthew
K. Sniffin of the Indian Rights Association,
and many other Indians and white citizens
who are interested in Indian welfare. The
date of the conference is October 6 to 11.
This meeting will be the fourth annual
conference af the Society of American In-
dians. Last year the conference was held
at Denver University. Each year the society
adopts a platform setting forth the funda-
mental needs of the race, as well as mention-
ing such specific matters as seem of unusual
concern. The society tries to get at the root
of matters and then embodies its conclusions
in bills submitted to Congress. The society
was founded at Ohio State University at
Columbus, and owes its existence largely to
the interest and inspiration of Prof. F. A.
McKenzie of the sociological department of
that university. Two conferences have been
held at Columbus. The tenor of the Denver
meeting may well be known by a final
quotation from the third platform: "We
realize that hand in hand with the demand
for our rights must go an unwavering desire
to take on new responsibiUty. We call upon
our own people to lay hold of the duties that
lie before them, to serve not only their own
race, but to s'-rve all mankind." The theme
this year is: "To the American Indian let
there be given Equal Opportunities, Equal
Responsibilities and Equal Education." The
society headquarters is in the Barrister build-
ing, Washington, D. C. At this office is
published the society's "Quarterly Journal,'*
a unique magazine that has a wide influence
in Indian matters. All persons of Indian
blood and all friends of the Indian are eligi-
ble to membership in the society. Indeed,
membership in the society is considered a
badge of special honor by men and women
of both the white and red races. It is a form
of patriotism that has the "make good' ring
in it.
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The Murderer of Desoto Tiger Caught
)OWN in Florida three days after
Christmas, 1911, a thrifty, well-
respected Indian of the Semi-
nole band was murdered. The
motive was robbery. The mur-
derer was John Ashley, a
whisky trader. Florida did nothing to con-
vict the murderer. Our attention was called
to the tragedy by M. Raymond Harrington
and by Alauson Skinner, both associate
members of this society, and by Joseph
(Tahan) GrifBs,all of whom had investigated
the matter on the spot. An urgent appeal
was sent out by Mrs. Minnie Moore Wilson,
fairs to see that justice is done the Indian
and wrongs heaped on him avenged.
"On December 28, 1911, Desoto Tiger, a
full-blood Seminole Indian, was murdered
and his body thrown into a canal about thirty-
five miles from Fort Lauderdale in this
state.
"Tiger was a thrifty, respectable, and in-
fluential Indian, much beloved by Seminole
people and well Uked by the white people
generally.
"It appears that Tiger had eighty-four valu-
able otter hides which he had accumulated
and was about to market them. A white
SEMINOLE INDIAN PALMETTO HOUSES.
of Kissime, Florida, asking for help in bring-
ing about justice. Indeed, our 1912 plat-
form contained an item petitioning the
authorities of Florida to get the murderer.
After all this time and delay something
has happened. The story of his capture re-
veals the point. From the energetic paper,
the New Republic, we extract the dispatch
found below:
•The capture of the murderer and outlaw,
John Ashley, some days ago, not far from
this place (West Palm Beach, Fla)," says the
New Republic, "indicates the determination
of the present administration of Indian af-
NEAR FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA.
scoundrel named John Ashley appears to
have supplied the Indians with liquor. At
any rate, they secured the liquor and were
drinkmg heavily.
'The next thing was the natural one
Tiger's dead body was fished out of the canal
and John Ashley went to Miami and sold
Tiger's eighty-four hides for $580, after which
he went on a drunk and disappeared.
"Jim Gopher, a Seminole friend of Tiger's,
swore out a warrant for the arrest of Ashley
for the murder, but Tiger was *only an Indian'
and the local ofiicers were in no hurry. An-
other reason why they were in no hurry was
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because Ashley was a 'gun man* and they
didn*t propose to bother about doing full
duty as long as there was serious danger
in it
"Inasmuch as liger was not legally a ward
of the Government the Indian OflBce had no
legal jurisdiction, and thus the matter
dragged along. But in the meantime Ash-
ley, who had taken to the jungles, occasion-
ally api)eared and held somebody up, Mexi-
can style, and relieved them of their money.
This aroused the white people somewhat,
but the local officials were unable to get
Ashley.
"In this shape the attention of Com-
plunged alone into the swamps and chased
Ashley for weeks, sleeping on the bare
ground, subsisting on hard tack and wild
berries and drinking out of the sand pondi^.
The *Everglades of Florida is the mcst diffi-
cult place in the world to catch an outlaw,
but it is in the most difficult place in the
world that such a man as *Ed* Brents shines.
Pursued night and day by this man with a
rifle, Ashley finally became desperate and
surrendered. Brents lost no time in bring-
ing his prisoner to this place and lodging
him in jail where he now is, awaiting trial.
Brents left for Washington where it is said
he was called to receive the personal com-
FALLS IN DRAINAGE CANAL. EVERGLADES. FLORIDA.
missioner of Indian Affairs Cato Sells was
called to the murder. Red tape was cut
quick and clean in two. *Get Ashley' was
the command that Sells put to Chief Officer
Henry A. Larson. He didn't say to Larson
'arbitrate the case.' He didn't say *use your
influence to see that justice is done.' He
didn't say 'urge the local officers to do their
duty/ He said: *Get Ashlep,' and Larson
didn't have to be told twice.
T. E. Brents, or 'Ed.' Brents, one of the
old Indian Territory *bunch' of the Service,
was detailed on the case with instructions
to *get Ashley.' With his rifle, and pockets
full of hard tack, Brents came to Florida,
mendations of Commissioner Sells.
*Tor half a century and more these Semi-
nole Indians have been the hereditary
enemies of the Government, but this vigor-
ous act of Commissioner Sells has done
more than a library of speeches and prom-
ises to win them to confidence in Wash-
ington."— Quarterly Journal.
-i^The Everglades consists of a section of almost unexplored
territory In the extreme southern part of Florida, about 130
miles long and 70 miles wide, and its inteiior is as great a
mystery to the white man as is the heart of Africa.
Misfortunes never come singly and neither
do blesssiiigs.
Some folks are never too old to learn, and
some are never old enough.
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TCbe native ametfcan
The Native Amekican
^tered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superiniendem
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student- Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
Miss Fowler returned Friday morning from
Los Angeles where she spent a very enjoy-
able month.
Mrs. Posey and Wenema spent the latter
part of the week with friends on a ranch
near Phoenix.
Miss Georgie Robinson, a former Indian
Service employee, has purchased the trading
post of M. C. Maddox at Maddox, Arizona.
Miss BuUard has returned from a pleasant
summer in California. Her summer school
leave was spent at the Sherman institute.
Mr. Brittingham, who was a temporary
employee at the sanatorium last year, is in
charge of the school dairy during Mr. Francis'
vacation.
Mrs. Anna Hoffman came over from
Sacaton last week to assist Francis Harvier
in bringing his wife to the hospital in Phoenix
for treatment and probable operation.
Miss Phelps returned from Sacaton last
Saturday evening with a party of pupils
and on Thursday left for San Carlos and
Rice on a similar errand.
Mrs. Owsley, Miss Hendrix and Mr. Stacy
have been at the school building for more
than a week checking up the library books,
invoicing school furniture and getting things
generally straightened out for work.
Mrs. Ethel Dixon and daughter Lois re-
turned from the White Mountain country
where they enjoyed several weeks with Mr.
Dixon. On Sunday Mrs. Dixon went to
Prescott for a short visit with her brother
who is in very poar health, and may arrange
to bring him to Phoenix later.
Miss Adams has returned from her home
in Lin wood, Kansas, where she spent most
of the summer. She took her school leave
at Flandreau and reports a very pleasant
and helpful session.
Superintendent Goodman went to Prescott
on the train this week mtending to bring
the family back Monday next. They will
return in their machine, having made the
trip overland last month.
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Lewis of Darlington,
Oklahoma, were visiting friends at Phoenix
over Sunday. They were returning to their
work at the Cheyenne and Arapaho board-
ing school after a pleasant vacation with
Robert's people at Blackwater.
Miss Allen has returned from New Mexico
where she has spent most of her vacation
with Miss F. J. Dennis at Algodones. She
was at Santa Fe during the institute enjoying
several days with Miss Ida Vorum and Mr
and Mrs. Snyder, former Phoenix employees.
Mr. Oliver, who is on vacation now and
then as occasion permits, recently went
hunting in the Gila Crossing country and
brought home some fine shot in his hand.
The doctor extracted the unwelcome guests
and the invaded territory is now assuming
normal shape. Our chief clerk likes the
Gila Crossing birds all right but intimates
that he does not care for the careless brand
of hunters at large down there.
The many friends of Miss Anna Ridenour
were happily surprised last Saturday after-
noon when our former matron appeared un-
announced in our midst. Miss Ridenour
resigned from the Indian Service several
ago and on the first of September took up
her new work as preceptress at the Tempe
Normal school. She spent the summer trav-
eling in the east and middle west and is
looking exceedingly well.
Gee Gage, Stewart Lewis and Howard Col-
Uns are new boys on the printing office de-
tail. Stewart Lewis is the third boy in his
family to work on the Native American,
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Politics in tlie Indian Bureau
Under the above beading the Muskogee
(Oklahoma) Times-Democrat commends
€ommissioner Sells' administration, mention-
ing particularly the improved conditions in
the management of Oklahoma affairs.
*lndiHn Commissioner Cato Sells has suc-
ceeded in inspiring implicit confidence in
himself among those with whom his work
keeps him in touch. Strangely enough, the
first man for the Commissioner to win was
the Indian himself. In Oklahoma the Indians
have always regarded the Indian Office, not
as d means of help but rather as a system
which was holding them in check. Now they
seek the advice of the Bureau and are lend-
ing helpful cooperation to the Government
in the inauguration of the many reforms
which have been introduced by the present
administration.
**Several important changes have been
made in the Oklahoma service and more are
to follow. There will also be some additions.
The Commissioner has made it perfectly
plain to those who seek appointments as oil
inspector, provided for in the last bill, that
civil service rules will govern. In removing
Creek Attorney Mott from his job, politics
was the very last consideration and partisan
politics had little to do with the selection of
Mott*s successor. The Commissioner has
made it perfectly plain that, in the selection
of a successor to J. George Wright and Dana
H. Kelsey, the successful candidate must
have more to commend him than merely his
democracy. Those who have been added
to the service have been practically elimi-
nated from politics, for the most rigid rules are
being enforced against political activity upon
the part of those engaged in the Indian
Service.
"But even at that the Commissioner is
playing politics His game of politics is to
free the Indian from the incompetency which
has disgusted him in the past. Not long ago
a Republican politician in the service wrote
to one of his subordinates: *You'd better fix
up that report and itemize your account;
I'm going out and there's no telling who
will be here next month;' and forthwith the
first intelligent report in a very interesting
case was revised and at least one Indian is
$100 or so better off. When the Bureau is
finally manned by persons who have more
regard for the interests of the Indian and
less for a political machine, then the Com-
missioner will have won in a most commend-
able political game and we wish him an
early triumph."
Payments to Civilized Tribes
In compliance with the provision of the
Indian bill which became a law August 1,
1914, and which provides for the payment
to the Creek, Chickasaw and Cherokee In-
dians of Oklahoma, in equalization of theu:
allotments and per capita payments alto-
gether amounting to more than $3,000,000,
Commissioner of Indian Affairs Cato Sells,
has promulgated regulations for completing
these payments during the month of August,
the Creek equalization payment to be made
by J. George Wright, commissioner to the
Five Civilized Tribes; all payments and pro^
cedure under these regulations for Creek pay-
ments to be after consultation and in co-
operation with Judge R. C. Allen, tribal at-
torney for the Creek nation of Indians; the
Chickasaw payment to be made by Supt.
Dana H. Kelsey after consultation and in co-
operation with Hon. Reford Bond, tribal at-
torney for the Chickasaw nation of Indians,
and the Cherokee payment to be made by
Superintendent Kelsey after consultation
and in cooperation with Hon. Houston B.
Teehee, probate attorney for the Cherokee
nation of Indians.
Commissioner Sells ha.^ also directed Super-
intendent Kelsey to detail field clerks of the
Five Civilized Tribes to points where these
payments will reach the Indians, that the
Indians receiving this money may be fully
protected from every immoral or other in-
fluence which might result in their being de-
frauded or over-reached in any way.
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Physicians* Conference
A conference of the United States Indian
Service physicians of the northwest was held
at Fort Lapwai (Idaho) Indian sanatorium,
June 29 to June 25.
The conference was directly under the
charge of Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, medical
supervisor, United States Indian Service.
The first day was devoted to Tuberculosis,"
with Dr. John N. Alley, superintendent of the
sanatorium, as chairman; the second day to
•Trachoma," with Dr. W. H. Harrison, oph-
thalmologist of the Indian Service as chair-
man, and the third day to "Oral Hygiene"
and "General Infectious Diseases," with Dr.
Harry L. Hale, D. D. S., of the Indian Service,
chairman.
The following papers were read at the first
day's session: "Tuberculosis Among the In-
dians," Dr. Joseph A. Murphy; "Suitable
Cases for Sanatorium Treatment," Dr. John
N. Alley; "Mental Aspect of Tuberculosis in
the Insane," Dr. J. W. Given, Orofino, Idaho;
"Treatment of Tubercular Mastoiditis." Dr
Thomas M. Henderson; "The Sources of In-
fection of Tuberculosis," Dr. E. A. Pierce.
The papers were supplemented with clinical
demonstrations and were freely discussed by
all members of the conference, and the dif-
ferent phases of tuberculosis work among
the American Indians and others taken up.
On the second day the following papers
were read: **Trachoma— Diagnosis and Treat-
ment," Dr. W. H. Harrison; 'Trachoma on the
Blackfeet Reservation," Ur. Orlyn S Phillips;
'Trachoma among the Indians of the North-
west,'* Dr. Bolivar J. Lloyd.
On the third day the subjects of "Oral
Hygiene" and "General Infectious Diseases"
were taken up and the following papers read:
"Oral Hygiene," Harry L Hale. D. D. S ; "Oral
Hygiene." W. Frank Gilbert. D. D. S.; "General
Infectious Diseases Among the American
Indians," Dr. Maximilian F. Clausius; "Rela-
tion of the Indian to Public Health," Dr.
Charles J. LafBn; "General Infectious Dis-
eases." Dr. Louis J. Perkins.
After a general discussion of all the medi-
cal problems of the Indian Service the con-
ference adjourned to meet in Denver, Colo-
rado, in 1915.
Adopted as Member of Blackfeet Tribe
Through the efforts of Cato Sells, Com-
missioner of Indian Affairs, Spo-pee, a Pie-
gan Indian by birth, and because of his asso-
ciation known as a Blackfeet, was pardoned
by President Wilson in July after 92 years'
confinement in St. Elizabeth's insane asylum
near Washington, D. C , where he was incar
cerated when convicted of murder at Helena
on doubtful evidence and never was insane.
Soon thereafter the Indian Office sent Spo-
pee to his reservation in Montana where he
was received with much rejoicing. On July
18, at the request of Commissioner Sells, the
tribal council held a meeting and unani-
mously adopted Spo-pee as a member of the
Blackfeet tribe. Since then he has been
given an allotment of land and provision is
being made by the Commissioner to furnish
him with a team and necessary equipment
to commence farming next spring. All of
this is being done with the approval of the
tribal council and is regarded by the Indian
Office and the Blackfeet Indians as small
compensation for his almost lifetime loss of
opportunity because of the terrible injustice
inflicted upon him.
Both of Indian Race
Alvin L. Kennedy, 22 years old, an Indian
who gave his address as Salamanca, New
York, obtained a marriage license recently
to marry Mary A. Bailey, 21 years old, of
Browning, Montana, who the applicant said
also belonged to the red race.
The license was issued to Rev. James L
McLain pastor of Wilson Memorial M E.
church, on Eleventh street southeast be-
tween G and I streets. — Washington Star,
Josephine Boynton, who has been at the
sanatorium for some months, left Thursday
morning for her home in Darlington, Okla.
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INDIAN INSTITUTE AT TOMAH, WIS.
3v 8p4eial Correspondent.
The summer school for Indian Service em-
ployees held at Tomah Indian school, Tomah,
Wisconsin, August 3 to August 15, was a com-
plete success from every standpoint. The first
day of the institute 75 people were already on
the ground and the total attendance was 109,
as follows:
WASHINUTON, I). C
Dr. L. r. Michael, supervisor.
Dr. Ferdiiunid Shoemaker, assistant medical supervisor.
.1. F. Singrleton. photogrrapher.
Mrs. v.. K. Newton, supervisor.
MUSKOGEE, OKLAHOMA.
John B. Brown, supervisor.
SAPri.PA. OKLAHOMA.
Mrs. Hattie G. Garber, teacher.
MEKISIKEY. OKLAHOMA.
Miss Zoe Taber, domestic science teacher.
RAINY MOl'NTATN. OKLAHOMA.
Miss Cecelia House, teacher.
HASKELL INSTITUTE, LAWRENCE, KANSAS.
C. E. Birch, principal.
J. L. Smoot, superintendent of industries.
Alfred Venne. director of athletics.
SACATON, ARIZONA.
Mr*.. .Fessie V. MornRo. teacher.
TOMAH, WISCONSIN.
L, M. Compton. sujierintendent.
Mrs. Elvn E. Compton, financial clerk.
•Jo-ie E. Pulcifer, teacher.
Mrs. J. M. Devlin, matron.
Mrs. D. Connor, teacher.
.L S. Monks, clerk.
Mrs. M. D. Church, principal teacher.
G, A. Schultz, temporary stenofprapher.
Miss M. M. Miller, domestic science teacher.
Mi*s E. C. Beeler, matron.
F. A. Bean, carpenter.
Mrs. A. H. Lane, nurse.
Miss Lois Babb, temporary employee.
Miss Nellie Olson, assistant seamstress.
Mrs. Madeline Doxtater, laundress.
Miss Mar>' Arkeketah, assistant matron.
Miss Elizabeth Silas, assistant matron.
Chauncey Doxtater, dairyman.
Monroe Coulon, assistant engineer.
Rol)ert Vandervort. gardener.
Wilson Charles, disciplinarian.
Mrs. Wilson Charles, assistant cook.
T. E. C. Vesper, engineer.
Miss Marjorie Hill.
Mary D. Church.
Mrs. K. M. Hill, property clerk.
Miss Isabel J. MacRoy, teacher.
Miss Lizzie M. Linnenburg, baker.
A. E. Winter, physician.
Miss Dorothy Bailey, clerk.
LAC DU FLAMBEAU. WISCONSIN.
Mr.«i. Clara M. Lee, matron.
Miss Elmlna Smith, teacher.
Miss Olive Webster, cook.
ODANAH. WISCONSIN.
Albert B. ReAgsn, teseher.
Sister Macaria, teacher.
ASHLAND, WISCONSIN.
Sister Madeline, teacher.
ONEIDA, WISCONSIN.
J. C. Hart, superintendent.
KESHENA, WISCONSIN.
Mrs. Myrtle W. Marble, field matron.
Mrs. Anna M. Page, laundress.
Blaine Page, assistant superintendent.
Mrs. Nannie B. Sayles. teacher.
P. H. Sayles, principal.
Reginald Oshkosh, principal interpreter.
Roy L. Peal, industrial teacher.
HAYWARD, WISCONSIN.
William A. Light, superintendent.
Miss Myrtle A. Eickhoflf, teacher.
Miss Myra Felton.
Miss E. M. Felton, teacher.
Mrs. A. M. Libbey, laundress.
Miss E. A. Schweger, baker.
Mrs. William A. Light.
Frank Setter, farmer.
Mrs. Frank Setter.
Miss Leona Coker, teacher.
Mrs. Ida W. Balfour, cook.
Miss Helen Philliijs, assistant matron.
WITTENBERG. WISCONSIN.
Mrs. Hannah (J. Brown, assistant matron.
Miss Jennie Warnock, matron.
Miss Martina Cleveland, principal teacher.
Miss Sophia Holm, seamstress.
Miss Florence Zeigler, teacher.
Miss ?'Rther (iunderson, teacher.
NEOPIT, WISCONSIN.
A. S. Nicholson, superintendent.
.Mrs. A. S. Nicholson.
VERMILLION LAKE, MINNESOTA.
Dr. (). O. Benson, superintendent.
Miss Cora Coffee, clerk.
Miss Jessie A. Cupp, teacher.
LEACH LAKE, MINNESOTA.
Miss H. T. Coughlin. matron.
Miss Ortha Wilson, teacher.
GR^VND PORTAGE, MINNESOTA.
A. R. Frank, superintendent.
Miss Eva B. Thompson, teacher.
WHITE EARTH, MINNESOTA.
Miss Madeline Downs, teacher.
Mrs. Margaret Glover, teacher.
Louis E. Baumgartner. principal.
Miss Edith Hancock, matron.
PINE POINT. MINNESOTA.
J. A. Nygren. principal.
ROUND LAKE, MINNESOTA.
W. H. Hashbarger, teacher.
CROSS LAKE, MINNESOTA.
Miss Susie Thomas, matron.
CASS LAKE, MINNESOTA.
Miss Olive Davis, teacher.
PIPESTONE, MINNESOTA.
Frank T. Mann, superintendent.
Mrs. Minnie Dunnigan, teacher.
FON DU LAC, MINNESOTA.
G. W. Cross, superintendent.
Miss Jennie M. Roekford, teacher.
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NETT LAKE, MINNESOTA.
John Willie, asslstai.t clerk.
RED LAKE, MINNESOTA.
Dr. L. L. Gulp, physician.
TAMA, IOWA.
Miss Nellie M. Sherwood, domestic science teacher.
WAHPETON, NORTH DAKOTA.
Miss Stella D. Preston, matron.
Mrs. Mary L. Frank, cook.
FLANDREAU, SOUTH DAKOTA.
Mrs. I. N. Webster, assistant matron.
BLACKFEET, MONTANA.
E. J. Peacore, principal.
TRUXTON CANYON, ARIZONA.
Miss Margaret Nessel, cook.
FULTON, KANSAS.
Mrs. Josie McHale, teacher.
MOUNT PLEASANT, MICHIGAN.
R. A. Cochran, superintendent.
Mrs. R. A. Cochran, matron.
CHEROKEE, NORTH CAROLINA.
Miss Etta Knickerbacker, matron.
GENOA, NEBRASKA.
Miss Anna B. Flenniken. teacher.
Monday afteraoon. August 3, a complete or-
ganization was perfected and Tuesday morning
tlie regular program was taken up along aca-
demic, industrial and vocational lines. Super-
visors Dr. L. P. Michael and John B. Brown
and the instructors were here before the be-
ginning of the work and the way the classes
seemed to catch the spirit of the instructors
and the enthusiasm and zeal displayed by all
from the start assured success. The instruc-
tors reported that the attention and application
were excellent.
The different subjects and instructors were
as follows:
English, ariihraetic and penmanship, C. E. Birch,
principal, Haskell institute; sewing, Miss MolUe E.
Miller, Tomah, Wisconsin; cooking, Miss Zoe Taber,
Mekusukey academy, Oklahoma; lace-making, Mrs.
Isaac Webster, Oneida, Wisconsin; dairying, garden-
ing and horticulture, Levias Hancock, Tomah, Wis-
consin ; concrete, Fred A. Bean, Tomah, Wisconsin ;
model primary lessons, Mrs. Hattie G. Garber, Sa-
pulpa, Oklahoma; hygiene and sanitation, Dr. Ferdi-
nand Shoemaker, assistant medical superrisor; con-
ferences, Dr. L. F. Michael, supervisor; drawing and
woodworking, Joseph L. Smoot, Haskell institute;
group athletics and games, Alfred Yenne, Haskell
institute.
The conferences were well attended and
many subjects of great importance to the
schools were discussed. Conservation of the
child's time, the correlation of academic, in-
dustrial and vocational activities; moral
training, temperance, industrial and voca-
tional training, school farms, play ground and
play time, socials for pupils and socials for
employees were the principal subjects dis-
cussed at these conferencee.
Supervisor Peairs arrived from the Chemawa
institute on the morning of the 10th. We were
all very glad to see him and his coming was
greatly appreciated by all in attendance.
A splendid lecture course was provided and
this was greatly enjoyed by those in attend-
ance. Many important phases of industrial
and vocational training, morals and the evil
effects of intemperance were outlined by the
different speakers, their subjects being as
follows :
Prof. C. P. Norgord, University of Wisconsin.
"Demonstration Methods of Teaching Agriculture.'*
President L. D. Harvey, Stout Manual Training
school, Menominee, Wisconsin, "Education for Indus-
trial Efficiency."
Prof. Paul F. Voelker, university extension division.
University of Wisconsin, "Habit, Dr. Jekyl and Mr.
Hyde."
H. A. Larson, chief officer, liquor suppression.
"The Liquor Problem."
Hon. Edwin C. Cooley, Chicago, 111., "Tke Part-
time Industrial and Agricultural Schools of Europe."
Prof. F. A. Cotton, president State Normal scho«il.
La Crosse, Wisconsin, "Universal Education."
Hon. C. P, Cary, superintendent public in^tructi*)n.
state of Wisconsin, "Correlation of Academic, Indus-
trial and Vocational Activities in Schools."
The following resolutions were unanimously
adopted by the institute:
"Whereas, The Indian Office has provided for and
established a series of institutes for Indian Service
workers to meet for consultation and mutual benefit.
and whereas wc believe that our institute, held at
Tomah Wisconsin. Auffust 3 to 15, has fulfilled its
mission in a most satisfactory manner, we, the mem-
bers thereof, desire to offer the followine: resolutiors:
First. That it is our belief that it is to the interest
of the service and the Indians that these meetings be
made permanent.
Second, That we extend to the Hon. Cato f=5ells.
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, our thanks for this
opportunity for self improvement and our appreciation
of his helpful Interest in all things pertaining to the
welfare of the Indians: also to Supt. L. M. Compton
and his corps of employees for their untiring efforts
to entertain us and to make our stay at their school
pleasant and profitable, and last, but not least, to
Dr. Michael, our supenrisor and chairman, and to tli»
visiting officials and Instructors who helped to make
our institute a success.
J. C. HART, Chairman.
L. L. GULP.
F. T. MANN,
R. A. COCHRAN.
MAY D. CHURCH,
MARTINA CLEVELAND,
MYRTIE W. MARBLE,
Saturday evening, August 8, a social and re-
ception was held in the gymnasium and a very
enjoyable evening was spent.
How much good was accomplished by the
institute was evidenced by the general interest
manifested and the spirit of cheerfulness that
seemed to prevail throughout the entire
period.
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VERMILLION LAKE, TOWER. MINNESOTA
By S/)fri<tl Corren't}o/nlent.
(Correspondence received too late for our midsummer number.)
Miss Cupp expects to jfo to Montana for a
portion of her vacation.
Miss Coffee went lo Duliith recently t.) ac-
company two little girls to this school.
Mr. and Mrs. Wetenhall and children are in
Hayward, Wisconsin, during vacation.
Mrs. Riegerl accompanied children to Kort
Francis and will take her vacation near Vir-
gioia.
Mr. Stanard is making hay while the sun
shines
The pine cut from the reservation is now
lumber piled and ready for future buildinir.
Miss Tillie LeGarde, a Haskell student, is
helping in the house during her vacation.
All concerned hope to see an electric light
plant installed during the summer as the old
gas plant is dangerous, unsanitary and not
worth repairing.
There is talk of constructing a building to
be used for domestic science and manual train-
ing.
The new employees' building is nearing com-
pletion. It contains five rooms for employees,
a kitchen a diningroom, a sewingroom and a
bathroom. Captain Angus and Mr. Tobey are
doing painting and decorating of the interior
and also of the chapel.
SCENE IN "HIAWATHA" GIVEN BY PUP LS AT LAKE VERMILLIONSCHOOL.
Mary Waboose is employed as seamstress
during the absence of Mrs. Holliday.
The children are interested in their gardens
which are growing rapidly.
Mrs. Holliday and Miss Campbell were at
Winnipeg, Canada, for the first few days of
vacation.
Visitors from Duluth entertained the boys
and girls with music of bagpipe and flute re-
cently.
Dr. Benson is raising poultry for the school.
He has chickens, ducks and turkeys. Much of
their keep is waste from the kitchen and cot-
tages.
During the summer days the boys and girls
enjoyed swimming and diving at the boat house
pier. A diving board has been placed at the
outer end of the pier. Some of the girls can
swim and dive as well as the boys.
Mid June saw the close of one of the most
successful school years in the history of the
school. The closing events consisted of a
party, an entertainment and a picnic. Too
much cannot be said in praise of the entertain-
ment. The fifty-three children taking part in
it were trained by Miss Campbell and Miss
Cupp. *'The Kingdom of Mother Goose,*' with
the fairies, brownies, wise men, L/ittle Boy Blue^
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Jack Sprat and wife, and others, created much
merriment. At the close the children made the
chapel ring with the beautiful aong **Home-
ward Bound."
The following is quoted from the Tower
News: **Tho»e who did not go to the closing
exercises of the Indian school across the lake
on Thursday evening missed a treat. The ex-
ercises of the evening consisted of the ren-
dition of a delightful fairy play in the wood-
land. The stage setting was certainly unique
and a credit to its inspirer, Mr. Tobey, one of
the teachers. It represented a glen in the for-
est and real trees instead of painted ones made
up the setting of the play. The effect was a
charming one indeed. The pupils all did their
parts very nicely and entered into the spirit of
the occasion with a snap that would cause their
neighbors across Pike Bay to sit up and take
notice. The costumes for the play were all
made at the school, and were indeed beautiful
to look at from the audience and needed no
improvement. Miss Campbell the teacher who
trained the pupils for the play should certainly
be complimented on the success of her efforts
in behalf of the pupils. The work of prepar-
ing the play must have meant no small amount
of time and labor.'*
The children and employees enioyed the
picnic at McKinley park on Friday. Many
hiked out to the Soudan iron mine.
Seneca School, Wyandotte, Oklahoma
By Spt.cial Coriespondent.
L. R. Caire returned froni Topeka, Kansas,
where he spent his vacation.
A full set of band instruments was received
a few weeks ago.
Thomas King is back to work after several
days' vacation.
A good crop of hay, oats and corn was raised
on the school farm this year.
H. A. Andrews of near I^awrence, Kansas,
is the new addition to the office foroe.
Cap Colter, the school farmer, with the aid
of several hands, filled the 45-ton silo the second
week of August.
The Seneca school began September 7.
There have already been more applications
for attendance than the school is able to ac-
commodate.
Mrs. Gertrude Wilson who has been visiting
her sister, Mrs. Spencer, left a few days ago
for Pierre, South Dakota, where she is employed
in the Indian school.
Miss Clara D. Allen, Miss Edna Whittier»
Miss Naomi Dawson and D. W. Gilliland are
back from their vacations.
Thomas King is bandmaster and says he
will have a good band by the end of the school
year.
C. R. Scott, the school carpenter, has been
busy all summer repairing the different build-
ings.
Supt. Ira C. Deaver, ^ho was seriously hurt
by the explosion of the water box in his cook
stove a few weeks ago, is able to be about
some. The stove was blown to fragments,
some of the pieces passing through the walls
of the kitchen. His escape from fatal injury
was almost miraculous. His left arm near the
wrist was broken in three pieces and the
forefinger on the left hand almost severed at
the knuckle joint. His face was burnt and
both eyes suffered. He is able to ri<?e about
and at the present rate of improvement he
will soon be himself again.
Anadarko, Oklahoma
Home anil School'
Two extra coaches and an extra baggage
car were used to carry the delegates from the
Comanche, Kiowa, Apache and Wichita and
Caddo Baptist churches who attended the an-
nual association meetings which were enter-
tained by the Arapaho church near Greenfield.
Oklahoma, July 23 to 26. The same cars were
used to bring the delegates home again, for
almost everyone who went Thursday morning
returned on Monday afternoon.
Examination for Business Principal
A civil service examination was held
September 2 and 3 to fill vacancy in position
of business principal at Haskell Institute,
Lawrence, Kansas, at $1,200 per year and
quarters and vacancies as they may occur
in positions requiring similar qualifications.
Dr. H. Austin Delcher, who has been
agency physician at Sacat )n for about two
years, has resigned from the Indian Service
and will take up the practice of his father
who died this summer in Baltimore, Mary-
land. Dr. and Mrs. Delcher have numerous
friends in Arizona who regret their decision
to remain in the east.
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The Model Boy
(By George Whitcficld D'Vys)
He's NA/hat you ma/ call a dependable chap.
The busiest boy in the store;
He does all the boss has employed him lo do.
And even a little bit more.
He's NA/illing to work, and ne'er \A/atches the clock
To see just how soon 1 e may quit;
He's full of ambition, and \A/ell do you say
Some day, he will surely be "it"!
He makes himself useful, from morni.ig till night.
And so, he stands high with the boss.
And, if on some errand he's been sent away.
The others all notice the loss.
He works just as if he himself cwned the store.
Is earnest, and steady, and true;
He'll rise, till some day he will stand at the top.
Say, lad, make this model fit you*
— Industrial School Journal.
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BASEBALL TEAM OF ST JOHN'S SCHOOL, GILA CROSSING, ARIZONA.
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume fS
September t9, t9t4
dumber 30
Commissioner Sells Urges Raising Standard of
Indian Fairs
In a circular letter to superintendents in
the Indian Service, Commissioner Cato Sells
makes the following strong appeal for the
further development of the Indian fairs:
To Superintendents:
You should now be arranging for your
Indian fair, and I desire to impress upon
y^ u my idea of the purpose and possibilities
of these exhibitions.
I want these fairs so conducted as to open
to the Indians the vision of the industrial
achievements to which they should aspire.
I want them to be an inspiration in arousing
in the Indian a clear appreciation of the great
opportunity before him for real industrial
advancement.
The ownership of land always has been
and always must be the principal basis of
man's wealth. A wise development of the
vast natural resources of the Indian reserva-
tions has tremendous possibilities. The In-
dian's rich agricultural lands, his vast areas of
grass land, his great forests and his prac-
tically untouched mineral resources should
be so utilized as to become a powerful in-
strument for his civilization.
I hold it to be an economic and social
crime, in this age and under modern con-
ditions, to permit thousands of acres of fertile
lands belonging to the Indians and capable
of great industrial development to lie in
unproductive idleness.
With keen appreciation of these con-
ditions Congress in the current appropria-
tion bill has made available for the Indians
over $600,000 as a reimbursable fund, and
$250,000 additional for general and specific
industrial use, all for the purchase of stock
and farm equipment, as well as about
$800,000 of the funds of the Confederated
Bands of Utes for the civilization and sup-
port of those Indians
I feel that a serious obligation rests upon
me and upon every employee of the Indian
Service to see that no effort is spared to make
the most of the great opportunity which the
Indian's property and the action of Congress
now presents to the Indian It is my duty
to require that every supervising officer,
every superintendent, every farmer, every
stockman and in fact every employee of the
Indian Service meets these obligation in full
measure.
The political conditions of the world will
make the next few years a period of great
prosperity for the American farmer. Let
us see that the Indian with his broad acres
is in truth an American farmer and that he
properly participates in this unusual oppor-
tunity
I desire that our Indian fairs this year be
made the opening of an intelligent and de
termined campaign for the industrial ad-
vancement of the Indian. Let this year's
fair mark the start of the Indian along the
road, the purpose of which is self support
and independence. Hereafter let your fair
each year be a milestone fixing the stages of
the Indian's progress toward that goal
It is a primary duty of all superintendents
to understand the Indians under their
charge, to study the resources of the reser-
vation for which they are responsible, its
climate, the character of its land, the type
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of cattle owned by the Indians, their horses,
then: sheep and then: other stock.
With this information you should map
out a comprehensive plan of campaign
based on the conditions presented by your
Indians. This plan should cover not only
one year but a period of years, having in
view an ever increasing number of able-
bodied Indians farming better and more
acres of land, the continual improvement of
the Uve stock of the individual Indian and
of the tribe, and the use of grazing, timber
and mineral lands with the greatest eco-
nomical benefit.
This campaign should be understood by
the farmers, the stockmen, the industrial
teachers and in fact all employees connect-
ed with industrial work on your reservation,
and you should endeavor not only to pro-
cure their efficient aid in carrying out your
plan, but also their personal interest and
sympathetic cooperation. Let your fair
this year be the place and time at which
you will join in launching this live cam-
paign for industrial betterment.
Former widespread negligence and mis-
management in the cultivation of the soil,
the breeding of stock, and the handling of
grazing land is no excuse for the con-
tinuance of such conditions, and they will
not be permitted to exist on an Indian re-
servation during my administration.
Be continually at the fair yourself with
your farmers and all of your industrial
employees.
Let the exhibits emphasize in an impres-
sive manner the difference between in-
ferior and high grade agricultural products,
and let them demonstrate in no uncertain
way that greater profit results from rais-
ing the best and the most of everything
produced on the farm or ranch. Encourage
the Indian to take the progressive view.
This should not be difficult where he has
before him a clear object lesson such as
is emphasized by placing his horses, cattle
and sheep, his corn, oats, wheat, alfalfa and
forage on exhibition in legitimate rivalry
with those of his neighbor at the Indian fair.
The improvement of stock should be
aggressively advocated and impressed upon
the mind of every Indian farmer and stock
raiser. He should be brought to understand
that the thousands of well bred bulls,
stallions and rams were purchased during
the last few months to do away with the
evils of lack of sufficient and well bred male
stock and the inbreeding almost universal
in the past. He should understand that in
order to secure the best results the male
stock must not only be improved but that
the old and worse than useless male animals
which have heretofore been so destructive
to the Indian's success as a stock raiser
must be disposed of.
Every advantage must be taken of the
opportunity to teach the Indian the impor-
tance of careful preparation of the soil, the
necessity for the best quality of seed and
the advantage of proper cultivation. The
Indian should be made to clearly under-
stand the waste which comes from the use
of bad seed and poor cultivation.
Arouse enthusiasm and rivalry between
the men, women and children by showing
at the fair their native products, such as
blankets, baskets, pottery, bead work silver-
smith work and lace, their vegetables and
fruits of every kind and description, and be-
tween the women by showing the products
of the home and the farm yard, including
chickens, butter, eggs and canned fruits.
Conduct your fair so as to arouse interest
in every form of agriculture and stockrais-
ing. Hold daily demonstrations of modern
farming activities. Open a series of indus-
trial meetmgs which will extend throughout
the winter. See that the enthusiasm aroused
grows and do not permit it to wane before
the farming season next spring. Take the
opportunity of the fair to ascertain what the
Indians require in the way of farm equip-
ment and stock raising needs and make
your recommendations to the Office during
the winter in order that steps may be taken
for then: delivery to them in ample time (or
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the next season; and in this connection after
you have started your campaign advise me
fully of what you have done and what you
propose to do.
Indians fairs should be as nearly as prac-
ticable a counterpart of the white man's fair.
Eliminate the wild west features and the
horse racing as much as possible. Remem-
ber that the campaign for the Indian's in-
dustrial development anticipates the pass-
ing of the Indian fairs in favor of the county
and state fairs where the Indian farmers on
equal terms will compete with the white
man
In conclusion, I fully understand that the
task presented is not an easy one. It is
worthy of the steel of all capable and ener-
getic employees in the Service who are ambi-
tious to accomplish real things for the In-
dian and I feel that I have and will have
their active cooperation. It is necessary that
I require the highest efficiency and the great-
est interest in these matters. I cannot and
will not tolerate the failure of employees,
through negligence or lack of interest, to
furnish Indians, by example or precept,
with proper incentive to industry and pro-
gress. If employees responsible for indus-
trial betterments are not efficient and can-
not produce results, they must be replaced
by men who can and will. Inspectors,
supervisors and special agents are directed
and required to make the most careful study
of industrial conditions on every reserva-
tion visited by them and fully report to me
what is being accomplished by each em-
ployee.
I have received a number of invitations to
attend Indian fairs this year, and I am ar-
ranging to accept as many of these invita-
tions as my other engagements will permit.
I will be glad by this coming together and
the privilege of contact with the individual
Indians and their families and the employees
of the Service, to give encouragement and
aid in aggressively starting an effective and
continuous campaign for the industrial train-
ing of the Indian and the development of his
property.
Prominent Changes in the Service
A change in superintendencies has oc-
curred in several schools during the summer.
The following are among those that have
come to our notice: Dr. J. J. Taylor from
Havasupai to Gamp Verde as superintendent
and physician; Supt. Taylor P. Gabbard from
Gamp Verde to Sacaton as principal; D.
Glinton West to Havasupai as superintendent;
Supervisor W. B Freer to Klamath agency
as superintendent; Supt. Ralph P. Stanion
from Otoe to Pawnee; Supt. W. W. Scott
from Grow agency to Gheyenne and Arapaho;
Supt. Philip T. Lonergan from Pueblo day
schools to Fort Apache; Supt. Walter Runke
from Southern Ute to Western Navaho;
Supt. T. B. Wilson from Round Valley to
Gushman; Supt. Harold F. Goggeshall of
Santa Fe returns to the liquor suppression
department; Supt. Edwin L. Ghalcraft of
Jones Male academy, Ghoctaw Nation, to
Siletz, Oregon Supt. W. N. Sickels of Lac
du Flambeau has resigned and will come to
Salt River Valley in Arizona to enjoy ranch
life. Dr. L. W. White of Ghilocco succeeds
Mr. Sickels at Lac du Flambeau.
OfTices for Five Civilized Tribes
Gato Sells, Gommissioner of Indian Affairs^
has arranged for an office in the Indian
Bureau for the use of the national attorney^
governors and principal chiefs of the Five
Givilized Tribes where, when in Washington,
they will make their headquarters, receive
their mail, do their work, and be accessible
for conference.
This action of Gommissioner Sells is an-
other indication of the cooperation now for
the first time fully existing between the In-
dian Bureau and the Indians of Oklahoma,,
and will be largely helpful in working out
the constructive plans being inaugurated
under the administration of Gommissioner
Sells.— //2a/a/2 Leader.
The September Indian School Journal is
an especially interesting and well printed
number.
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The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKXTY-FIVE ORNTS A YEAR
Supervisor Peairs has moved his family
from Lawrence, Kansas, to Washington, D. C ,
where his headquarters are now located.
Jettie Eades of Modoc county, California,
arrived here Wednesday morning from Sher-
man Institute to enter tlie sanatorium.
Mrs. Gussie S Owsley left Wednesday
evening for the Hopi country where she
will spend a few days.
H. G. Guiteras came in from Los Angeles
this week to make the preliminary survey
for the new sewer which will connect the
Indian school system with the city sewer.
Dr. A. E. Marden was in Boston during
June and July where he took a special course
of study on eye diseases and operatic sur-
gery in the postgraduate department of Har-
vard Medical college.
Mrs. 0. L. Standage and son came down
from Piescott last Saturday evening and
have been guests of Mrs. Florence Perkins
this week. Mrs. Standage spent part of the
summer at FlagstafiT attending the summer
normal.
Mr. Scott brought in a party of children
Tuesday evening from the Papago country.
The first party came in several days earlier
under charge of Edward Flores who was re-
turning from vacation.
Superintendent Thackery and Mr. Hudson
of the experimental station at Sacaton ac-
companied Prof. Silas Mason of the Agricul-
tural Department to Phoenix the first of the
week. Professor Mason recently returned
from Egypt where he spent several months in
the Nile valley studying the cotton industry.
Mrs. Mary E. Chiles returned this week
from Santa Barbara where she spent the
summer with her daughter. She also took
advantage of the Santa Barbara Normal
school, deriving much benefit and pleasure
from a course in dietetics.
Word comes from Mr. Barnd, teacher at
Maricopa day school, that he opened school
Monday morning with 42 pupils present,
every desk in his classroom being occupied.
Four of his larger pupils were transferred
to Phoenix in June.
Bessie Slow and Robert Burke, two of our
1914 graduates, entered Phoenix High
school Monday morning. Their teachers
and friends at the Indian school are much
pleased to have them take this step toward
obtaining further education and will be in-
terested in their progress.
Ada T Fredericks, one of our former Hopi
pupils, was married August 28 to David
Hasskee, a member of her own tribe, who
has been a student at Sherman Institute.
The marriage took place at Winslow where
the young people are working. Ada^s
friends here wish her happiness and hope
she and her husband will establish another
progressive home among their people.
Miss Helen W. Ball recently celebrated her
twenty-fifth anniversary as a Haskell em-
ployee on which occasion her fellow em-
ployees presented her with a handsome
rocker bearing the following inscription:
"Twenty-five years of faithful, continuous
service at Haskell Institute surely entitles
you to the privilege of occasionally sitting
down retrospecting."
Superintendent Goodman drove through
from Prescott Monday with his family who
have been enjoying a visit in Pr«8cott.
While away Mr. Goodman ' visited Camp
Verde, Clarkdale and points in that region
where many of the Mohave- Apache Indians
live and found them earning good wages
and proving themselves useful members of
the community.
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Mrs. T. F. Percival came down this week
from Prescott where she has been staying
since early summer.
T. F. Moore returned Friday evening from
Fremont, Ohio, where he has spent the past
six weeks.
Sam V. Peters was recently transferred
from Whiteriver to Cantonment, Oklahoma,
as lease clerk.
Engineers Olberg, I'sfeld and Engle of the
Indian Service arrived in Phoenix Friday
morning to look after matters in connection
with the survey for the new sewer system.
Marcus Garbajal, Phoenix *11, has re-
turned to his home in Las Cruces, New
Mexico, after taking a commercial course
at Carlisle.
The first fire drill of the fall season took
place Friday night about 10 o'clock, the
schoolhouse district being the scene of confla-
gration.
W. B. Anderson and family have moved
to the cottage west of the athletic field va-
cated by Mr. Woodall who has a room in the
office building.
The Navaho Indians at Shiprock, N. M.,
under Supt. W. T. Shelton, are holding their
fair this week and we hope to have a report
of this event in a future isssue of the Native
American.
Sacaton's population is on the increase.
A daughter arrived about three weeks ago*
at the home of Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Hudson*
while the latest arrival is a son born to Rev.
and Mrs. D. Lay.
Superintendent Goodman Resigns
After twenty-two years of continuous serv-
ice as a Government official, Supt. C. W. Good-
man of the Phoenix Indian school will, after
October 31, retire to private life. His resig-
nation was forwarded to Commissioner Sells
of the Indian Bureau early in the summer,
but up to date no appointment has been made
to fill the place, although it is reported that
several men experienced in the Indian Serv-
ice are being considered.
Superintendent Goodman has been con-
templating his resignation since a threatened
nervous breakdown of more than a year ago,
and several slight recurrences of the trouble
have finally forced him to the decision that
he could not longer afford to keep up the
strain incident to the management of the
large institution. While removing from the
school, he has no intention of leaving Phoe-
nix, but will settle down with his family on
their fruit ranch on Park road, where he feels
they will be more a real part of the com-
munity than while making their home in a
Government school.
Mr. Goodman entered the Indian Service
in 1892 as supervisor with headquarters in
Chicago. After traveling for a time he came
to Arizona to take charge of the Hopi school
and reservation. Later he was transferred
to Pawnee, Oklahoma, and after four years
in charge there was sent to the Chilocco
school where he remained until he came to
Phoenix twelve years ago last January.
During his incumbency here he has been
able to bring about many improvements in
the school, and has watched its growth and
increase in usefulness until he feels like a
part of the institution. He has had unfail-
ing support of all the Commissioners of In-
dian AfiTairs under whom he has served, and
it is with regret that he feels it necessary to
lay down his responsibilities at the begin-
ning of a new school year. The loyalty of
the present corps of employees at the school
and the harmonious conditions which have
always characterized the schools under his
charge are the best proofs of his successful
career.
Mr. Shafer and Mr. Klingenberg of Mc-
Dowell were in today to bring two Mohave-
Apache boys who have enrolled for school.
Mr. Klingenberg says he and his wife find
themselves very comfortable and well con-
tented at McDowell, to which place they went
several weeks ago as day school teacher and
housekeeper.
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^be Dative american
Hon. Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs
11
Pvcprintcd from the "Quarterly Journal
MINENT authorities on the his-
tory of human development af-
firm that many of the evils
now afflicting the human race
are the result of faulty impres-
sions or methods of reasoning
inherited from the remote past. The human
mind in many of its operations reaches con-
clusions far from correct because of the faulty
primitive impressions and beliefs upon which
judgment is b^sed. Men are not easily con-
vinced, however, of that which is ultimately
accurate when the convenience of popular
beliefs directs otherwise. Men unconsciously
like to be on the popular side, the so called
rational side, of the question. A departure
from the conventional methods seems like a
violation of sacred rights. Progress, how-
ever, always upsets old beliefs, systems,
methods, purposes, and brings about a re-
adjustment more in harmony with the laws
of the present development.
In dealing with acute problems afiTecting
human interests, it is always wise to deal
through an unprejudiced mind. "Knowledge
is power," indeed, but this knowledge must
filter through brain cells that have no deep-
worn channels that involuntarily direct that
knowledge toward a preconceived point.
Too many times a man's thought- roads have
been dug for him by other hands than his
own. but an inborn false pride seldom allows
a man to even acknowledge this fact to him-
self.
In selecting a Commissioner of Indian Af-
fairs, the administration might have chosen
a man intimately acquainted with Indian
afiairs and interests That man might have
had his eye and brain centered closely on
definite facts, conditions, and accomplish-
ments. Properly selected, such a man might
have been a great success. Yet, even a man
equipped with an abundance of knowledge
might have been blinded by the very close-
ness of his vision. Microscopic familiarity
" of the Society of American Indians.
might have destroyed that essential require-
ment in all statesmanship perspective.
The new administration, whatever may
have been its motives, did appoint a man
who knew nothing intimate about Indians^
but whose years of legal and administrative
training had prepared him to handle just
such a vast undertaking as must be the lot
of a Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Hon.
Cato Sells, of Texas, the man appointed,,
came to his post without a single prejudice
that we know about; he came with a clear
vision, and as he drew closer to the work for
the regeneration of a race of humanity, his
sense of perspective kept the proportional
value of things where they relatively be-
longed. Mr. Sells came as a strong man ready
for a heavy task. He does not know every-
thing, he has no ready-made plan and no
off-hand reply to every emergency. He
studies every individual problem. In this lies
the very proof of his capacity and ability.
We should be sorry if the Commissioner were
an autocrat; he is very far from that, and the
great responsibility resting upon him makes
him humble. His sympathy for a fellow
human creature is an impressive quality of
character. He can feel with the other fellow.
Commissioner Sells is one of the men of
our times who is great for his earnestness.
A foremost citizen of Texas, his services
have been eagerly sought in various responsi-
ble capacities where sound judgment has
been required. He has served as county
attorney and district attorney. His earlier
years in Iowa, which is his native state, re-
vealed the promise of his future. Left father-
less at the age of thirteen, the responsibility
of caring for his mother and two brothers
fell largely upon his shoulders, but un-
daunted he not only performed every duty
of a faithful son, but educated himself at
Cornell college. At the age of twenty-five
he had graduated from law school and be-
come "the boy mayor" of La Porte City, Iowa.
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Only recently Mr. Sells' services were re-
<iuired by the Government as chairman of a
commission to determine the valuation of
all the railroads of the country, and news-
papers tell of the movement on foot to make
him governor of Texas. Commissioner Sells
prefers, however, to remain with the task
into which he has plunged himself heart and
soul, offers of greater salary notwithstanding.
The Commissioner's thorough realization
of the stupendous importance of his task
spurs him to grapple with the "problem** with
a zeal that is nothing less than religious in
character. "When I think of the red race of
America," says the Commissioner, "and con-
sider that the health, the education, and
happiness of more than 300,000 men, women,
and children rests very materially in my
hands, I am appalled with the weight of my
responsibility. All that remains to them on
earth is entrusted to my keeping ** Such
a man can not prove false to his steward-
ship. His very utterances show that his
heart is in the right place, and that he knows
his duty one nothing less than sacred.
Commissioner Sells has another virtue.
The uncultured or ignoraat might call it a
weakness, but it is not so. This virtue is
the knowledge of self. The Commissioner
knows himself, his own special qualities, and
his powers of effectiveness. He attacks a
task in full knowledge of how he is going to
hold out. More than this, he does not out-
line his plans so that his enemies can create
obstacles. He thinks his plans, puts them in
operation, and they materialize as a sur-
prise. The Commissioner impresses one as
extremely patient, kind, lenient, and soft
spoken. At the same time one sees that
this springs from a knowledge of his power
and not through any weakness. Quite to
the contrary. Judge Sells in action is a rapid
thinker, absolutely firm, and his voice rings
with a conviction that discourages debate or
quibbling on the part of the insincere.
No Indian is so ill acquainted with the
English language, so poor, or so friendless
that he will be neglected by the Commis-
sioner. He will give up his time, his personal
interest, his own convenience, any time for
an Indian in distress. President Wilson
would have to wait if an afflicted red man
had a story to tell. The impression that
one gets is that Judge Sells means to be the
Commissioner of Indian Affairs first and
foremost. A recent letter of instructions to
the superintendents reveals that he wants
them to sit less in their offices and devote
less time to clerical routine, but devote that
time to actually getting acquainted first
hand with then: fields. He wants to be alert
and know their charges personally. He has
likewise asked his agency farmers to really
teach farming instead of doing office work.
The Commissioner realizes that his own ac-
tivity will count for little if his employees do
not follow the same course.
One of the interesting mental traits of the
Commissioner is that of concentration. He
has the ability to concentrate his mmd upon
a subject, discuss it, and then if interrupted
by several persons, the telephone, or clerks,
to return a half hour later and carry on his
discussion exactly where he left off. In this
respect he is truly Napoleonic. It is the
proof of an orderly brain that classifies and
holds all things.
Commissioner Sells constantly asks advice,
seeks the Indian viewpoint, examines com-
plaints with wonderful patience — in every
action seeking to be both just and merciful.
All this takes more out of the vitality of the
man than does the actual physical labor that
he does in his fourteen-hour working day. A
man who cares and concentrates attention
for creative purposes burns nerve force, and
the wonder is that human tissue can endure
the strain.
Perhaps many persons do not like the Com-
missioner; perhaps some will seek to under-
mine his efforts — we do not know. Our only
concern is that his plans for good will suc-
ceed and to his ability to do will be added
the power that comes from the mcreasing
knowledge. In expressing this hope, we are
not endeavoring to support the Indian Bureau
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Zbc Tlative Bmccican
as an organizati:)n or the Commissioner as
an office holder. We are only expressing
the hope that the Commissioner as the serv-
ant of the Government may both serve the
Government an i the Indian people, whose
destiny he is required to mold during his
term of office. We wish him to succeed in or-
der that the race may be benefited. Any oi her
hope would be akin to treason. Every In-
dian and every citizen should therefore strive
to cooperate wit h the Commissioner that the
United States may redeem her pledges to
the first Americans and that these first
Americans may come into their own as pro-
ducing factors in a progressive country.
A man with the courage and initiative of
Commissioner Sells deserves both the respect
and friendship of those whom he serves.
Loyalty to the best interests of the red man
will be all the loyalty that the Commissioner
will ask of any man. To such a man, then,
let there be given power for accomplishment
and the means by which he may have sup-
port and strength for the task. — Quarterli;
Journal.
American Methods in tlie Pliilippines
In discussing the Philippine problem it is
well to examine the facts in the matter.
The United States engaged in a war with
Spain and at the end it took over the islands,
beginning at once a program of sanitation,
education, social betterment, and material
uplift. Thinking that the United States was
a duplicate of Spain, the natives rebelled
but after a bitter struggle were defeated.
Instead of our Government following the
Spanish method of sending the Bible with
the sword, the commander-in-chief of the
army detailed soldiers as school teachers,
distributed rice by the sack to relieve the
distress caused by the war, and sent the
army surgeons to attend to the work of sani-
tation in Manila and the provinces.
Then followed an era of twentieth century
methods to replace those of the sixteenth
century — an era representing to the Filipinos
a renaissance in all truth. To the uttermost
ends of the islands, to the tops of the
mountains, to the innermost fastnesses of
fever-laden jungles, the Government of the
United States penetrated. It was a conquer-
ing nation that defeated fever and ignorance
as well as abject poverty.
Dr. Dean C. Worcester and Governor W m.
F. Pack, that "grand old man of the moun-
tains," and others stand as types of "con-
querors" that justify, nay necessitate, Ameri-
can supervision.
The work of sanitation, the development
of irrigation, the opening of mountain trails,
the building of roads, the insiituiion of mod-
ern methods in agriculture, the suppression
of murderous, plundering Moro pirates, the
wholesale introduction of industrial, agri-
cultural and academic education, and the
adoption of modern methods in the admin-
istration of justice, leave no doubt that the
"conquest" of the islands has been largely
economic as well as military. Nearly every
undertaking in the Philippines is supported
by the Filipinos themselves, and the Ameri-
can people are not taxed to support any of
the projects.— 5o«r/?^r/2 Workman,
Jose Ignacio and wife arrived at the school
this week and Mr. Ignacio will be Major Grin-
stead's assistant.
Although the regular academic work does
not begin until Tuesday the pupils have been
coming in very rapidly for the past two
weeks.
The inventor of the new aeroplane sta-
bilizer described in this issue is Lawrence
Sperry, a cousin of Superintendent Goodman.
The young man visited his relatives at the
school several years ago and was a student
at Evans school near Mesa for a year. He
will be remembered by some of our school
people.
A paryt of ten pupils came in this week
from Kiowa agency, Oklahoma, five boys
and five girls, and were cordially welcomed
by the Kiowa pupils who have been here the
past year.
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Pipestone, Minnesota
Peace Pipe.
Mr. Thompsoo has succeeded Mr. Louden
as principal of Yankton school.
A. W. Simington of New Mexico is the new
a.Uotting' ag-ent and surveyor at Cheyenne River
agency, South Dakota.
The recent sale of Indian lands at Yankton
agency amounted to about $78,000. Some of
the land sold as high as $75 per acre.
U. C. Upchurch, formerly agency farmer at
Winnebago, Nebraska, has been promoted to
the position of superintendent of the Spokane
reservation in Washington. Mr. Cruminof the
Santee, Nebraska, ag'ency will fill the position
of farmer at Winnebago.
Harold Clark, a full-blood Pueblo Indian,
was recently signed by the Sioux City Western
Lfeague team. Clark was formerly a pupil of
Albuquerque, New Mexico, Indian school.
Nick Conner is the new district farmer at
Lake Andes, Yankton reservation, South Da-
kota. He succeeded Ernest Benjamin recently
resigned. Mr. Conner was formerly a day
school teacher on the Pine Ridge reservation.
Walter G. Smith, a new appointee, arrived
P*riday, September 4. He will have charge of
the shoe and harness shop and will also in-
struct the band. Mr. Smith was formerly as-
sistant disciplinarian at the Genoa, Nebraska,
school.
A large modern dairy barn, an addition to
the boys* building and two employees' cottages
are improvements provided for this school by
the recent appropriation bill. Already work
has commenced on the new barns which will be
completed in a month or six weeks.
Greenvilie, California.
By Sp4eial Corretpcndent,
Maurice E. Hunt and Miss Margaret LaRue
Martin were quietly married at the capital city
on August 10. Miss Martin has been an instruc-
tor in the service for nearly eight years while
Mr. Hunt is a well known resident of Green-
ville, Plumas county, California. Mr. and Mrs.
Hunt will go to housekeeping about November
1. Their many friends wish them the greatest
happiness.
Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Carlisle Arrow.
Mrs. Rosa B. LaFleahe has severed her con-
nection with the Society of American Indians
at Washington, D. C, and has accepted a
Grovernment position at Rosebud, South Dakota,
as lease clerk.
An Aeroplane Stabilizer
The $10,000 prize offered by the French
fJTovernment for the best safety device for
aeroplanes has been awarded to an American
in venter for a gryroscopic stabilizer that is said
to relieve the airman of all responsibility for
maintaining the balance of his machine, the
control exercised by this device being so com-
plete that eyewitnesses to the tests have de-
clared that it makes the aeroplane **fool-proof.*'
In one test, with the aeroplane flying at a
height of about 600 ft., the pilot stood with his
hands raised free from the controls while his
mechanic climbed along* one of the wings and
tried to disturb the balance of the machine,
but even under these extreme conditions the
balance was maintained perfectly by the action
of the stabilizer. The stabilizer is a small de-
vice, weighing* about 40 pounds and occupying a
space 18 in. wide and 12 in. high. — Popular
Mechanics Magazine.
The stabilizer invented by Lawrence Sperry
of Brooklyn is being hailed by European ex-
perts as one of the most important contributions
ever made to the science of aviation. **Imagine
an aeroplane in flight,'' saysM. ReneQuinton,
the president of the National Aerial League of
France. *'At a given moment the passenger
rises, leaves his seat and, climbing out onto a
wing, calmly walks here and there as the fancy
takes him. At the same time the pilot rises and
holds his two arms above his head, in order to
prove that he is not touching any of the mecha-
nism. The aeroplane abandoned, and appar-
ently thrown out of equilibrium, continues to
navigate at the rate of forty or fifty miles an
hour. This was the spectacle provided at Be-
zons, in the presence of the safety commission
that had come for the special purpose of apprais-
ing the value of the new machine.
*'In order to study it at first hand I asked
permission to make a flight as a passenger.
Mr. Sperry kindly consented and we rose into
the air in his aeroplane about midday; that is
to say, at the most dangerous hour of the day.
The weather was unfavorable. The wind was
so strong that there were waves on the surface
of the Seine.
**As soon as we were on our way, the pilot
set the machine on the rise, then entirely aban-
doned the control. As we passed in front of the
members of the committee he was careful to
raise his hands in the air, but I had been watch-
ing him narrowly and was already satisfied
that he was no longer using them. The aero-
plane, governed only by its automatic mecha-
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nism, climbed steadily. We were soon above the
trees; I saw their topmost branches shaken by
the wind, bending before the sharp gusts that
swept over them. We also were in the very
teeth of the wind but strange to say it had no
effect upon the workingof the apparatus. There
was no rolling, ..o pitching. One might have
thought oneself in an ordinary machine in ab-
solutely calm weather.
*'At a height of 150 meters, Mr. Sperry made
two demonstrations of automatic volplaning.
He stopped his motor, then raised his hands once
more to show that he was not touching the
levers. Nothing happened for five or six sec-
onds; the machine appeared to have stopped.
Then suddenly it plunged head down like a
dolphin, in a dive that was as graceful as it
was impressive.
"We rose again, and Mr. Sperry had a new
experience prepared for me— a glide with one
wing so sharply inclined that it seemed incredi-
ble that the apparatus could be working. We
leaned over toward the horizon at an angle of
forty-five degrees. The pilot did not touch the
controls. The machine governed itself and in
this abnormal position, while literally buffeted
by the wind, it navigated in absolute safety.
**The Sperry apparatus consists of four little
gyroscopes that never fail to bring back the
machine to a horizontal plane. The entire out-
fit weighs about forty pounds." — Brooklyn
Eagle,
A Contrast
A contrast — and its chief cause— is shown
by the cases of Preston, Pennsylvania, and
Wellsville, Kansas. The Pennsylvania town
is said to be the "wickedest in America.*'
Four hundred and twenty-five of its five hun-
dred inhabitants drink whisky, and four hun-
dred and fifteen of the four hundred and twenty-
five are said to get drunk regularly. Wellsville,
the Kansas town, forty-eight miles from Kansas
City, is forty-four years old, has a population
of seven hundred and fifty, and has never had a
saloon in its history. It has never had a case
of rape, or of murder; a pauper, a thief, or a
lawyer. Of course its inhabitants are not all
saints, but they have no pool rooms and no
bawdy houses. There is a twenty-five thousand
dollar school, set down on a sixty-acre play-
ground. There are brick and cement side-
walks, and brilliant street lights at all crossings.
Everybody in town works hard except the town
marshal. Once an agent for a mail order liquor
house visited Wellsville but before he booked,
any orders fifteen feminists, armed with horse
whips, marched to his hotel— and the sales-
man departed minus his sample case.
Would 3'ou rather buy real estate in Preston,
Pennsylvania, or in Wellsville? Would you
rather bring up a family in the "wickedest
town in America,**orin the Kansas community?
— Rene Laidlaw in September LippincotV s.
Old Indian Scout Visits Jerome
Jim Mahoon, of theHualapai tribe of Indians
and an old government scouv, was a visitor
to Jerome this week. Jim is most proud of two
convincing credentials which he shows to
every man he meets. He wears an Indian
policeman badge and after that has been dis-
played he shows an age worn parchment on
which is written in the firm hand of an old
government oflficer:
June 10, IHNM.
To Whom It May Concern:
The bearer of this, Jim Mahoon, of the
Hualapai Indian tribe, is a trustworthy intel-
ligent man. He is an old scout and served
under General Crook in years gone by. Of
him the general says no braver man ever trod
shoe leather.
(Signed; W. GEO. ELrUOT,
2nd Lieutenant 9th Infantry, Ind., U. S. A.
Jim has seen the time when there were no
people in Arizona except Indians. He vividly
recalls the coming of the soldiers, the passing
through of the forty-niners and the early posts
and consequent permanent settlers of the
Union's youngest state. His headquarters are
at Hackberry and Seligman. Under the serv-
ice of the Government he receives S30 per
month to keep order among the Indians and
see that no one gets fire water. He is most
proud of his big gun and laughs at the chiers
instructions to never kill a man but hit him on
the head if some one gets unruly.
He likes Jerome fairly well, but complains of
the smoke and crowds. There is no place like
nature and Jim only comes to town on business
or social necessity.— y^rc7j;i^ News,
Lapwai, Idaho
Nez Perce Indian.
A new office has just been completed for
Dr. Habel, agency physician. It is located on
the grounds set aside for the new agency,
opposite the Presbyterian mission. The build-
ing makes a good appearance and affords the
doctor much needed room for his work.
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CHARLEY LARGO. A NAVAHO SILVERSMITH AT PUEBLO BONITA. CROWNPOINT, NEW MEXICO.
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IM
"NOT FOB SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE"'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 15
September 26, I9S4
^wnber 31
Teach Real Farming in Indian Schools
In a special from Oklahoma City to the
Dallas Morning News the followiii>4 favor-
able comment is made on the efforts of
Commissioner Sells to make better farmers
out of the red men:
Every Indian school that has been visited
by Cato Sells since he left Texas to become
Commissioner of Indian Affairs has observed
that his first interest was in the vocational
training of the boys and girls. Superintend-
ents and teachers in the Indian schools have
mride note that the first man about the place
who attracted the attention of Mr. Sells was
the Indian farmer.
It is in line with this attention to the train-
ing of Indian children to become useful
members of the community that Mr. Sells
is still sending letters to Indian superintend-
ents and agents on every reservation. The
most recent of these letters was sent out
from Washington a few days ago. It is
being pondered by the Indian agency peo-
ple all over the country. The Indian school
farmer is now doing the infinitesimal
amount of paper work that he is allowed to
do sitting in his overalls at a dusty desk
thinking deeply on how he will get the boys
of his tribe to become interested in soils
aad crops and cutle.
The letter of Mr. Sells starts out with the
declaration that he is not satisfied that the
department is making the greatest use of
the school farms. And he did not need to
write that in the first paragraph of his letter.
The school farmers have heard it several
times since the present Commissi iner came
into office. They have fc»r the most part
concerned themselves with the problem of
making him better satisfied. And it has
taken a revolutionary sort of an effort to
accomplish that; for the school farms have
fallen short of their theoretical object.
But the ideas in the letter are the things
of moment at this time. Here are some of
them:
Necessary equipment is available. Stock
is there or may be had. These things, coupled
with the ample available land lay the pre-
dicate for ideal instruction conditions. Then
comes the postulate. If the farm training is
to be of real value to the Indian lads the
farming operations should be financially
successful and at the same time conducted
in accordance with modern methods.
That seems reasonably clear to the farmers
whose new overalls have begun to get soiled
and whose status in the Service has begun
to improve in proportion to the soiling and
the soil employed. This axiom is followed
by a statement that the Commissioner is con-
vinced th^t there is a large field for improve-
ment in the handling of the Indian school
farms.
The farmer finds a slight blush struggling
to break through the new coat of tan on his
recently pallid cheek. He has probably had
a hunch of that sort prior to perusal of the
letter. The road is made plain before him
in the next suggestion:
"I want every field officer who has charge
of such a farm to see that its management
is of such a nature as will insure its develop-
ment to the highest degree of productiveness,
practical usefulness and object lesson."
The farmer whose civil service exami-
nation demonstrated that he has the theory
can observe that he must now employ all
his thaumaturgic influence on the Indian
youth ill order to meet the demands in that
sentence. His thoughts fly to the time when
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XTbe Hiativc amectcan
the school had to buy hay and corn to
feed the farm teams; he reflects on the meat
bill that is payable to the trader in the
village. And the object lesson and the
financial theory of the farm at once take on
new meaning to him. There is a business
man on the job at Washington and a regular
farmer is in demand.**
There are specific suggestions that appeal
to the business instinct of the farmer who
has until recently been decorating a swivel
chair and a roUtop desk. They give him
a rude shock and set him to speculating
upon the advantages of private employment
if one has to be a regular farmer like that.
The outline of the school activities that
ought to be found on the farm is full and
complete in detail. It could come from the
manager of the Taft ranch or from one of
the big Red River farmers and sound like a
keynote in the economics of a successful
farmer.
There will be no opportunity to evade
the issue on the farm question while the
present Commissioner of Indian Affairs is on
the job. The last paragraph of the letter is
insistent. It summarizes the matter in the
other paragraphs and passes the buck to the
farmer on the job at the agency in this terse,
comprehensive and slightly chilly manner:
"I believe there is a splendid chance for
increased efficiency of our school service by
special efforts and cooperation along the
lines indicated. I must insist that you give
the development of the school farm your
most careful attention to the end that the
highest degree of efficiency and results be
accomplished. There is absolutely no ex-
cuse for a waste acre or overlooked oppor-
tunity on a school farm. We need all they
will produce, and cannot justify the purchase
of anything we can raise. It is inconsistent
and indefensible for us to expect Indian
boys and girls to return home from their
schools and do more than they have wit-
nessed their teachers doing for them when
they are supposed to be qualifying them-
selves for industrial equipment and self-
support. Superintendents, inspectors, su-
pervisors and special agents are directed to
give this matter their prompt and most
careful attention and fully advise me of the
steps taken by field officers to make effective
these suggestions."
Perhaps the Indian farmer wants to do
right and has read of the estimate made of
his chief by the Journal of the Society of
American Indians a few weeks ago. If so
he has probably concluded to line up and
cooperate with a man who has been esti-
mated by that Journal as follows:
"A man with the courage and initiative
of Commissioner Sells deserves both the
respect and friendship of those whom he
serves. Loyalty to the best interests of the
red man will be all the loyalty that the
Commissioner will ask of any man. To
such a man. then, let there be given power
for accomplishment and the means by
which he may have support and strengih
for the task."
Oklahoma Indians Will Exhibit at State Fair
For the first time in the history of the state
the various Indian tribes and schools will be
given an opportunity this fall to present con-
crete examples of their progress. All Indians
of the state, through special arrangements
made with Cato Sells, commissioner of In-
dian affairs, have been invited to make ex-
hibits at the eighth annual Oklahoma state
fair and exposition, Oklahoma City, Sept 22
to Oct. 3.
The building formerly devoted to the dairy
exhibits has been set aside for the Indian
displays, and Frank E. Brandon, principal
of the Indian school at Fort Sill, has been
designated by Commissioner Sells as super-
intendent of the Indian building. Work of
remodeling the Indian buildmg has been
under the personal supervision of Superin-
tendent Brandon and it is proposed to make
the exhibits one of the most interesting and
instructive features ofthe 1914 state fair and
exposition.
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Orders have been issued through Commis-
sioner Sells to about thirty Indian schools
and twenty-two Indian agencies in Oklahoma
to cooperate in making exhibits at the state
fair which will do credit to the red men of
Oklahoma.
The matter of having the Indians of the
state make exhibits at the state fair was
first taken up by William B. Freer, former
supervisor of Indian agencies on the west
side of the state, who recently has been trans-
ferred to Oregon. Before leaving Supervisor
Freer conferred with all the agency super-
intendents in his district and found them
ready and willing to take care of the project.
J. B. Brown, supervisor of agencies on the
east side of the state, has taken the matter
up with the various Indian officers in his
territory.
I. S Mahan, secretary of the state fair and
exposition, assured Commissioner Sells that
no effort will be made to attract special at-
tention to the Indians themselves by having
wild west exhibits, and that the officers and
directors of the fair will endeavor to protect
them in every way possible.
•We agree to exploit these exhibits as a
purely educational proposition," says Secre-
tary Mahan to Commissioner Sells, "and as-
sure you at this time that it is not our in-
tention in any way to encourage Indians to
congregate or camp upon the fair grounds.
Should the Indians desire to visit the fair
they can d) so just the same as any ordinary
citizen. No wild west features will be used
in connection with or advertised in connec-
tion with the'Indian exhibits."
Superintendent Brandon says the purpose
of the exhibits is to show to the world what
the Indian is doing and to acquaint the In-
dians themselves with what the different
tribes and schools are accomplishing in an
agricultural way. — Oklahoma,
A Yukon Indian at Coney island
The New York Times of June 1 contains
a lengthy account'of aSvisit paid to Coney
Island by Walter Harper, a half-breed
Alaskan Indian, who was accompanied by
Archdeacon Stuck, the first white man to
reach the summit of Mount McKinley, or
Denali, as he prefers to call the mountain.
Harper, on this expedition, was the strong
man and heavy worker of the Stuck party,
and it was he who was leading the march
when the top of Denali was reached. In his
book, "The Ascent of Denali," Mr. Stuck
gives the Indian full credit for being the first
human being to step upon the highest point
on this continent. Mr. Stuck found Harper
years ago on one of his missionary trips into
the interior of the Yukon district. The boy's
father, who had been the first white miner
in the Yukon, had married an ladian woman,
and because the father died soon after Wal-
ter's birth, the boy was raised by his mother
among the Indians of her tribe. He was con-
verted to Christianity through Mr. Stuck, and
has passed through all the grades of the
Alaskan schools.
Concerning the Coney Island expedition
the Times writes:
Things began to happen at Coney as soon
as the Indian limbered up. Harper is strong.
Mr. Stuck s simile for him is "strong as a
moose." The first attraction that caught the
Indian's eye was the strength-te^^ting machine
in Luna Park. The machine consists of a
block of wood attached by springs to a dial,
on which a hand indicates the number of
pounds pressure in a blow delivered on the
block. One is supposed to strike the block
with a 20 pound hammer, and if the block
is struck hard enough the hand on the dial
will whirl around and ring a bell — but it
isn't often that the bell is rung.
"Guess I'll take a swing at that," the In-
dian said quietly.
"Ring the bell, gentlemen; ring the bell,'*
shouted the ballyhoo to attract other cus-
tomers, and Harper quietly answered: "Yes»
sir."
Harper rang the bell — twice. He brought
the hammer down on the block, the hand
on the dial flew around twice, the bell rang.
(Continued on pcqte 426.)
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Zbc Dative Bmetican
The Native Amewcan
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu"
cation and Printed by Indian Student^Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
twenty-five: cents a year
William Black of Yuma accompanied a
party of pupils to Phoenix Monday.
Walter Goodman was down from Prescott
to spend Sunday with home folks.
Mr. Wade and his helpers are busy putting
in grass seed for fall and winter lawns on va-
rious parts of the campus
John Riddle is the new Salt River reser-
vation farmer. He arrived in Phoenix
Thursday and was met by Supt C. E. Coe
of Saltriver.
Mrs Clyde Hunnicutt (nee Jessie Wade)
left Friday evening for Albuquerque, New
Mexico, where her husband is located for the
present.
Miss Phelps returned from San Carlos via
Rice, Globe and Roosevelt brmging the re-
mainder of the Apache party. They enjoyed
the overland trip very much.
The children were allowed the privilege
of attending the parade and circus in town
Moaday, and derived the usual amount of
pleasure therefrom.
The regular school year opened Tuesday
with a large enrollment. Both teachers
and pupils seem glad to resume their work
and a splendid year is anticipated.
Superintendent Thackery came over this
week to meet Mrs. Thackery and daughter
Cora who have spent the summer at Red
Lake, Minnesota, with Mrs.Thackery*s sister,
Mrs W. F. Dickens, wife of Superintendent
Dickens. They stopped at a number of
places on their return trip and report an ex-
ceedingly pleasant time.
Mrs. W. E. Snook accompanied a party of
Apache children from San Carlos last Satur-
day and remained several days at the Phoe-
nix school where she enjoyed a visit with
friends.
Dr. Rodriguez, field dentist, who has
been at Sacaton for several months, was
in Phoenix over Sunday enroute to Mari-
copa village where he will work for the
present.
Mrs. George Hoyo of Otoe, Okla., arrived
in Phoenix Sunday night with a party of
Otoe pupils She remained over Monday
and Tuesday visiting the school and sana-
torium, and was able to return home feel-
ing that her charges were left in pleasant
surroundings. Superintendent Hoyo also
visited Phoenix during July.
Father Martin conducted mass for the
Catholic pupils at the girls* home last Sunday
morning. Father Joseph Thompson is one
of the new religious workers to be wiih us
this year. He takes the place of Father
Remy who for several years has been com-
ing out from the city to give religious
instruction and hold mass.
Minnie Wilson was brought in from Mc-
Dowell Monday in a very critical condition,
and cared for at the sanatorium until Friday
when she died. Minnie was in school here
last year and was advised to go to the sana-
torium for treatment but preferred to return
to the reservation. Sam Axe of McDowell
and Mrs. Nellie Davis were her nearest living
relatives and were present at the funeral.
The remains were interred in Phoenix.
Mr. Hall, a temperance lecturer who has
been taking an active part in the campaign
of Hon. Eugene Chafin, prohibition candidate
for United States senator from Arizona,
addressed the pupils of the Indian school
last Sunday evening. Mr. Hall is a good
speaker and the high grade pupils and
teachers were especially interested in bis
remarks as the subject for this year's con*
test is 'Temperance."
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1>boenix InMan Scbool
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Notes from Other Schools
Charles Crisp, farmer at the Lapwai sana-
torium in Idaho, has been transferred as
farmer to Omaha agency, Macy, Nebraska.
Claud V. Peel of the Indian Office at Wash-
ington has been transferred to Carlisle as
chief clerk.
The annual Pima fair at Sacaton wili be
held October 27-30. A long list of pre-
miums is being prepared and an interest-
ing schedule of events arranged for the four
days of celebration.
Miss Anne S. Ely, who was for twenty-
eight years a member of the school faculty
at Carlisle, recently died at Wycombe. Penn-
sylvania. She was a woman of remark-
able character and was one of the strong in-
fluences in the history of Carlisle.
John E. Gibson, a Pima boy, is the fortu-
nate recipient of the Rodman Wanamaker
scholarship for Mercersburg academy which
will give him the preparatory work for enter-
ing Princeton university. The young man
was for some years a pupil at Teller Institute,
Grand Junction, Colorado, later going to Car-
lisle where he was a member of the senior
class this year.
An addition has been built this summer
to the school at Tuba, Arizona, which wi'l
considerably increase the capacity. A new
boarding school is also completed at Mrirsh
Pasp, on the north side of the Western Na-
vaho reservation, which will take care of
100 pupils. With these new improvements
Supt. Walter Runke has been kept busy since
taking charge.
Civil Service Examination
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exami-
nation for oil and gas inspector for men
only. From the register of eligibles result-
ing from this examination certificacion will
be made to fill six vacancies in this po-
sition under the Commissioner to the Five
Civilized Tribes in Oklahoma, at salaries rang-
ing from $1,400 to $2,500 per annum and
vacancies as they may occur in positions re-
quiring similar qualifications, unless it is
found to be in the interest of the service to
fill any vacancy by reinstatement, transfer,
or promotion.
It is expected that the majority of the va-
cancies will be filled at salaries of approxi-
mately $1,400, and only in the cases of ex-
ceptionally well qualified men will higher
salaries be paid.
For information in regard to requirements,
dates and places of examination, etc.. write
U. S. Civil Service Commission, Washington,
D.C.
'*Star Spangled Banner** Anniversary
Exercises in honor of the 100th anniver-
sary of the writing of the "Star Spangled
Banner" by Francis Scott Key were held in
front of the girls' building Tuesday evening,
September 15.
Mr. Anderson told the thrilling story sur-
rounding the writing of the song and Miss
Fowler loaned for exhibition a large picture
belonging to the D. A. R. which showed
Francis Scott Key pacing the deck of the
ship in the early dawn and searching the
horizon to see if tlie flag still floated on the
old fort.
Miss Mayham rendered the national an-
them as a solo and tl e program closed with
a few remarks by Superintendent Goodman.
Bender Mourns Loss of Baseball Tropliy
Chief Bender of the Athletics is mourning
the loss of his 1913 world's series watch to-
gether with the fob which had attached to
it the button given the champion in 1911
and a Masonic emblem. He does not know
whether the watch was stolen or lost.
The fact that the watch and fob are so
closely connected with Bender's career on the
diamond makes the loss all the more keenly
feltSxchange.
The printing ofSce boys are organizing a
football team to play other shop details.
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A Yukon Indian at Coney Island
(Continued from page 423.)
twice in such quick succession that the sound
seemed one nervous tinkle, and then some-
thing popp "d in the machine. There was a
click, a rattle, and whirring of springs. The
ballyhoo man stopped hollering to investi-
gate. It was two hours before he hollered
again. It took him that long to make re-
pairs.
After apologizing for the wreck he had
made, Harper wandered over to Luna's shoot-
ing gallery. Three little silver balls were
bouncing up and down on streams of water
in it. Harper bought three shots for a nickel,
and picked up a rifle.
Three shots sounded as rapidly as the words
can be read, and the three little balls disap-
peared. Harper hadn't even seemed to aim
at them, he had shot so quickly.
There is a ne^ro in Steeplechase Park who
sits on a little platform above a pool of water.
Under the platform is a small tin disk about
six inches in diameter. One is supposed to
throw baseballs at this disk and if one is
fortunate enough to hit it, the structure
under the negro's platform collapses and
the negro slides head-first into the water.
The negro has had lots of fun this season
"kidding" the amateur pitchers, who have
spent many nickels throwing at the tin disk.
It is his habit to sit on his little platform
and guy those who try to give him a ducking
and can't. He seldom gets wet.
**Did you ever throw a baseball?" Mr. Jer-
sey asked Harper
"No," answered the Indian, "but I've
chucked rocks. Used to kill ptarmigan with
them when I was a kid."
"Killed birds on the wing with rocks!" ex-
claimed Mr. Jersey. *Then take a shot at
that negro."
Harper took three balls. The negro, ac-
cording to his custom, at once began his guy-
ing.
"Hit 'em, Mister Man, hit 'em!" he shouted,
laughing. "Gimme a ducking, Mr. Man — if
you can."
Harper let one of the balls go — and before
the negro had time to close his mouth he
was splashing in the water. Surprised, the
negro climbed back to his seat and started
to laugh again.
"I don't mind that. Just one little duck-
ing. First ducking today."
Harper let go the second ball — and down
into the water went the negro agam. When
he had climbed to his platform once more
he didn't shout or laugh — he appeared to be
hoping that the third ball would go wild.
The negro shot into the water the third time,
and all smiles were gone from his face.
The Indian went about the island creating
a more or less mild sensation wherever he
stopped. Late in the afternoon he went in
bathing. Mr. Stuck and the others in the
party noticed him sitting on the beach pil-
ing sand, and thought he was merely idling,
but when the Indian rose to his feet Mr.
Stuck exclaimed:
"Look, he's reproduced Denali."
Harper had made a topographical map in
the sand of Mt McKinley and the region
around it. Mr. Stuck vouched for its ac-
curacy. And then, while many attracted
by the exhibition looked on in wonder, the
Indian traced with a stick the path of the
exploring party that climbed Denali from its
camp at its base to the top
After dinner Harper and his friends re
turned to the city, but they are still talking
about him at Coney Island. And the man
with the strength-testing machine and the
negro in Steeplechase are hoping that he
never comes back.
The following new boys have been detailed
to the printing office: Henry Jackson (Otoe),
Dan King {Pima), Richard Pipestem (Otoe),
Alfred Jackson {Pima), John Lee Black
( Yuma), Thomas Jackson ( Yuma), Calvin
Atchhavit (Comanche), Gee Gage (Pima),
Howard Collins (Maricopa), and Stewart
Lewis (Pima). Johnnie Brown and Isaac
Porter have been detailed as foremen of
their respective details.
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Indian \A/omen as Fair Exhibitors
The fol lowing letter was written to Com-
missioDer Sells in response to his circular
on Indian Fairs printed in last week*s Na-
tive American The author, Mrs. Baldwin,
is an Ojibway Indian of the Reindeer Clan.
She is an efficient employee in the Indian
Bureau and recently graduated with honors
from the Washington College of Law. Mrs.
Baldwin's success is an indication of what
Indian women may do for themselves and
her interest in industrial accomplishments
as shown in this letter is earnestly com-
mended to all Indian women and girls:
Being an Indian woman and a member
of a family of exhibitors at white man*s
fairs, the first paragraph on page three of
your letter particularly appeals to me.
My mother, Mrs. Marie Renville Bottineau,
deceased; my sister, Mrs. Lillian Bottineau-
Whitney, now living at Becker, Minnesota,
and I, for a number of years, were exhibitors
at the Minnesota state fair, held every year
since eighteen hundred seventy odd, at Ham-
line, Minnesota.
My mother's exhibits at the fair, and for
which she was awarded first and second
premiums, consisted of four classes in the
textile fabrics division — quilt designs, quilts,
quilting, and etching embroideries My sis-
ter's exhibits, and for which she was awarded
premiums, consisted of bread, rolls, cakes,
jellies and preserves.
My exhibits consisted in laces, in cotton,
silk, w )ol, and linen, both crocheted and knit,
articles of many kinds, including golf hose,
men's and women's hose in both cotton and
wool, and wool mittens, both fancy and plain.
for men, women and children. Three exhibits
in a class of work known as darned net — in
which were used two original designs —
brought first, second and third premiums.
A painting in oil in a class calling for a
marine brought first premium, and a collec-
tion of twelve paintings third premium.
One year the premium money I received
amounted to twenty-five dollars, no one pre-
mium amounting to more than four dollars.
I fully appreciate the enthusiasm and the
rivalry that can be aroused between women
and children by showing at the fairs not
only their native products and the products
of the farm yard, but also as products of
their own industry, the laces, embroideries,
paintings and the many arts and crafts that
are pursued by the white woman. I know
that the Indian woman is industrious and
with her native artistic abilities and her
artistic tastes she is enabled to use that in-
dustry with tellin i effect. I am sure, I know,
that the Indian woman can compete with
the woman of any race in any industry if
she but will.
In this respect, she is not all different
from the white woman. Both the Indian
and the white woman must direct and apply
her mind, her time, her industry, her energies
and only by keeping them so directed and *
applied does she make any industry and
occupation a success.
I fully agree with Gabe E. Parker, who
in a letter to you dated September 1, 1914,
says: Human growth comes from within.
The Indian must be permitted and required
to exercise himself, and just as it is time
that he must come to a realization of his
abilities to compete with the white man,
just so is this, noiv, the time when she — the
Indian woman— must come to the realiza-
tion of her abilities to compete with the
white woman of any race.
Thanking you for sending me your circular
letter No. 896 and the copy of Mr. Parker's
letter to you, and hoping for us all the great-
est response to the opportunities that your
interest and splendid work have placed be-
fore us, I am
Faithfully yours,
(Signed) Mrs. Marie L. Bottineau Baldwin
It is seed time at the school gardens and
the efforts of teachers and pupils deserve a
fruitful harvest.
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Sbe Dative Bmerican
NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Lapwai, Idaho
Net Perce Indian.
Under the direction of James Stuart, forest
ranger, a force of Indians have this month
built tv70 miles of trail, one-half mile of wagon
road, and surveyed and marked the boundaries
of Indian tribal lands for iive and a quarter
miles. In all of this the brush was cut out
and grades worked. The white settlers give
the Indians credit for having done a good
piece of work.
The census of the Nez Perce, which is com-
piled each year by the superintendent, shows
that the tribe has increased 42 since the last
count. Last year the increase was 18. The
records show that for a numer of years, until
very recently, the tribe has been decreasing.
If the members of the tribe will only keep their
homes clean and sanitary, keep the windows
opened at night to secure plenty of fresh air,
live moral lives, and observe the laws of
health, there is no reason why they may not
continue to increase each year.
Lower Brule, South Dakota
BruU Bustler.
A new well has been completed near the
Winter ranch on Medicine Creek and is flow-
ing about 250 gallons per minute. It is 1,062
feet deep, and the water is the coolest on the
reservation. Another well is now going down
in Van Kennedy Draw, south of West Bad
Horse dry creek.
Dr. John M. Morse resigned from the work
here as physician on August 5 and we have
been informed by the Indian Office that there
are no eligibles on the civil service list at this
time. Dr. Alcott from Reliance is handling
the work at present.
Our fifth annual fair will be held at the Uower
Brule agency, September 29, 30 and October 1.
It will be held under the direction of the su-
perintendent, Indian Service employees and
the business committee of the tribe, and is in-
tended to show up the progress and advance-
ment of the Brule Indians.
Flandreau, South Dakota
Weekly Review.
Mrs Voy who has been with an invalid son at
Phoenix, Arizona, for more than a year past is
at home again, and Mr. Voy wears a broader
•mile than ever.
A change has been made whereby Mr. Finley
disciplinarian here for the past seven years, has
been transferred to Albuquerque and EMwin
Schanadore comes from that school to this place
as band leader and di&ciplinarian.
Our bachelor carpenter, Mr. Linthicum, took
unto himself a better half during thevacatioa,
capturing a fair bride in the person of Miss
Bessie Jolliff from Washington, D. C. They are
snugly quartered iii the rooms vacated by the
Cornelius family.
Mrs. Cynthia Thurston who has been em-
ployed at the White Earth agency hospital for
several years has been transferred here in the
same capacity, with orders to report as soon as
relieved by a successor there. Mrs. Thurston
is a very competent nurse and we are fortunate
to secure her services.
At a meeting held at Flandreau, South Da-
kota, on July 30, at the time of the institute,
a society was organized by the Indian employ-
ees in the Government service for the purpose
of mutual improvement, the society to be
known by the name of **Indian Advancement
Association.'* The following officers were
elected: Key Wolf, Pine Ridge, South Dakota,
president; Miss Mary C. Wright, L,ower Brule,
South Dakota, secretary and treasurer. A com-
mittee was appointed to draft the constitution
and by laws which were afterwards adopted by
the society. The next meeting will probably
be held at San Franci-.co in 1915.
Pueblo Bonito School, Crownpoint, New
Mexico
Bv Special Correspondent.
All employees who were on vacation have
now returned and are at work.
Pueblo Bonito was represented at Santa Fe
nsiitute by Dr. Uewis, physician; J. T. William-
son, engineer, and R. H. Roberson, teacher.
Three dormitories under construction durini;
the summer are practically completed, and en-
rollment of pupils to fill these will take place
soon. We will probably have over a hundred
pupils here this year.
There are under construction in the open mar-
ket a large barn and a shop building, while the
laundry building was completed some months
ago. These buildings are of stone and all this
stoneworK was done by Navaho laborers. The
machinery for the laundry will probably be
furnished soon and then installed. The old
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429
boiler was not sufficient for the power required
and a new 40 — horsepower boiler is on the
g^round for installation.
This office has recently received the neces-
sary authority for the construction of an em-
ployees' quarters and work will begin at once.
This will accommodate six employees besides
guest room, reception room, and mess kitchen
and diningroom.
This schooJ, like the Tohatchi school of the
Navaho jurisdiction, has been instructed to in-
stall the **all year school" which calls for a
change of pupils each six months, resulting
in a full attendance the entire 12 months.
New concrete walks were recently added to
those previously constructed, while others will
be constructed in the near future. The small
lawn started last fall did well during the sum-
mer, and this together with the walks adds
materially to the appearance of the campus.
Some of the employees have become inter-
ested in tennis and are now constructing a
court. Baseball has already received consider-
able attention during the season.
A celebration of the Fourth of July was held.
An exhibit of Navaho weaving and other in-
dustries was the chief feature. A good attend-
ance was had and the affair was successful
in every way. We will probably repeat the
event next year, for the Indians have good
<;rops and their animals would make a very
creditable showing.
Blackwater, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
The Young People's club of Blackwater gave
a farewell party September 2. Music for the
occasion was furnished by the Sacaton orches-
tra. Several games were played which were
enjoyed by both the young and old Indians.
Refreshments of ice cream, cake and grape
juice were served.
This was the first party given by this club,
the officers of which are as follows: President,
Isaac Porter; secretary, Eliza Johnson; treas-
urer, Frank Whitman.
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
Seventh Grade A
I enjoyed a cowboy's life herding cattle on
tlie plains of Arizona and also helping my
father on the farm.
I was not able to go home so I had to spend my
vacation here. I enjoyed my staying here and
helping around. I worked in the printing office
cleaning up the shop. I also worked in the
kitchen.
I enjoyed this last vacation and thought it
the very best though I did not do as much work
to help my people as I ought, on account of
my health, but I*m glad that I tried to show my
help to them in the little things that I saw to do.
The first day of school was one of the happi-
est days at this school. We all were glad to
welcome the new pupils who entered here to
enjoy school life with us and we hope to make
this coming year still better than before by
trying to do what is right.
The past vacation was one of the most pleas-
ant forme. Part of it I spent in working for
people in Phoenix. The rest of my vacation
was spent at home where I enjoyed the quiet-
ness of it though once in a while the young
folks of the reservation enjoyed social gather-
ings.
I spent my vacation here at the school and
a pleasant one, too. The heat did not interfere
with my fun and work. I worked on the
grounds doing such as cleaning the streets,
delivering ice and sprinkling the streets.
Now the school has commenced and I do hope
this will be a succes^iful year for everybody.
The vacation just past was spent with fun
and pleasure. From the time I left school I
had in mind to do all I could to help my people
at home but it seemed as though they tried
their best to let me have all the good times I
wanted and I took every chance they gave
me. At first I hardly wanted to stay out in
the country but the beautiful scenery around
is what made me want to stay. Many a walk
I enjoyed.
During the short time I stayed at home, I
enjoyed going swimming and climbing moun-
tains, like a wild Indian. Last of all I had to
work part of the time. I enjoyed the party that
was given at home by some old time pupils of
this school. There were nineteen returned
students present. First there were games play-
ed, of course, and then at ten the home-made
doughnuts with lemonade and bananas were
served.
I went home June 21. This is the first time
I have ever spent three months' vacation. I
had a good time on the Fourth of July and from
that time I helped the folks on the ranch. Au-
gust 1 I was enlisted in the National Guard of
Arizona and on the third of that month we went
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430
Zbc flativc amcrican
on a camping trip to Garden Canyon, b'^ort
Huachuca, Arizona. This is the first lime I
spent my life as a soldier and I found it pretty
hard.
I spent most of my vacation in town. I
worked in a bottling" works for two months in
which I did very well in my work. After I
had finished at the bottling works I look a
week's vacation and then I thought I would
work again so I went to Mr. Goodman about
working somewhere. He told me they needed
someone to help Mr. Grinstead, and said that
I was just the fellow they were looking for.
I did my work the best I knew how.
During part of my vacation I stayed and work-
ed in the printing office on the midsummer
number of the Native American. After Mr.
L/awrencc had gone on his vacation I was sent
to the city to the Capital Printing company for
a while, where I did press work. After I was
through there I joined the Regimental band of
Phoenix and went with them to Garden Canyon
where I spent two weeks which I enjoyed very
much. After our arrival from the encampment
I stayed two or three weeks at the school,
working again, but finally was sent to the Mor-
ris printing company. I am again glad to be
back in school.
Sixth Grade A
I bpent my vacation here at the school and
enjoyed ic very much— just as much as if I had
my vacation at home.
After a long vacation we are back again to
our studies hoping to make better grades ihan
la»t year.
This will be ray first year at this school but I
will help to make it better than it was last
year. L#et us all try and make it a better year.
I spent my vacation here in school and I
think I had a pleasant stav. I enjoyed a fine
time with my friends and am ready to begin
school.
We pupils of this school should try to make
this new school year a better year than last
year. To do this we must try our very best to
do what is right and do it cheerfully.
I left the school May 23 on Saturday after-
noon about 2 o'clock for my summer outing in
town. I was sorry to leave the school so
early before it closed. I settled down on
North Twentieth avenue in Phoenix with
'some people to do my work there during the
summer. It was after 5 o'clock when I arrived
■^there. The place looked strange to me at first
and I felt lonely for some time. I did not like
evenings to come for that was the time when
loneliness would come from all directions but
I did the best to drive it away. After I got
used to the home I became interested in my
work.
Fifth Grade A
During vacation I worked and played ball.
I spent my vacation atClarkdaleandatTempc.
During my vacation I went to the Roosevelt
dam which is about sixty miles from Me«>a.
I did lots of things during my vacation help-
ing my people and teaching what I have
learned at school.
During my vacation I worked all the time at
the school. I spent a happy vacation on the
campus.
I had a fine time climbing hills and moun-
tains at Iron Springs and also having picnics
and parties.
I'm certainly glad to be back at school and
see so many new pupils enroll again for
school does a great deal of good for us.
The first day in school we did very well and
it looks as though everybody had started In
with a will to do right and make it the best
school year we have ever had.
We are now in school and I hope this will be
the best year. I am sure everybody will try
and do their best to make the school pleasanc
and better.
During the summer I had to stay at the
school but had a good time. Every Saturday
evening we had watermelon socials which we
enjoyed very much.
I had a pleasant vacation during the long
summer days and I am glad to get back to
school to take up my school work for the new
year.
During ray vacation I had a nice time with
my friends who stayed all summer at the
school. We enjoyed it very much and we hope
we will have a nice school starting in today.
During my vacation I stayed home and
helped my mother with the house work. I
enjoyed myself with my mother this summer.
This new school year I will try and be good
and learn my lessons well.
During vacation at my home this summer I
was very anxiou!^ to help my folks, working at
the fences, plowing the land, planting and ir-
rigating the crops. Be>ides this I also had
the ditcl.es to clean in order to have plenty of
water to irrigate our crops.
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America Peaceful Paradise
America— Peaceful Paradise,
Dea'- Homeland, great and true,
A land o'er which shall ever wave
Our flag, red white and blue.
Strong in the strength of unity
And brotherhood we stand,
And trust in God, and praise Him for
This glorious, tranquil land.
America — Peaceful Paradise,
We glory in ihy peace.
God haste the da/ when every land
Shall from iis warring cease.
This our example—this our work —
Till swords to plowshares turn;
Teach brotherhood, till war no more
The happy nations learn.
— J. B. Hatcher, T«xas.
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^N JkMERlCJkN GIRL
When Columbus landed in America he thought he was in India and called the natives "Indians" and the namehascoo'
tinued to be used to distinguish the native Americans.
—Beiwoduced by courtesv of the Inland Printer
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Volume 15
October 3, 1914
S^mhtr 32
The C alij^orni CL Indian
{Indian Period)
By MISS LYLJtH HJhLL of Leland Stanford University, California
\A/EIRD and strange as it may rather than houses. These huts were com-
monly constructed ( f brush or tule. Struc-
seem, our hearthfires to-
day burn on the very spot
where once curled the
smoke of the Indians'
campfires. Their whisper-
ing voices still haunt our hills, the groves of
our valleys, and the pines of our mountains.
In fact there is not a region in all California
that does not silently present a record of
that long past golden age of the aborigines,
an age immortalized by a people whose
whole life was characterized by a perpetual
happy hunting ground, where no unrest of
civilization interfered and no white man
stole away the land.
From the far away northland to our sunny
southland piains, every spot of the way is
eloquent of the history, lore, and legend —
quaint and whimsical — of this rapidly van-
ishing race.
The earliest record of California history
describes these Indians as being both more
primitive and more, peaceful than the ma-
jority of the natives of North America. They
did not like war merely for the sake of fight-
ing; there were no confederacies or powerful
tribes; there was very little of the pictur-
esqueness which characterizes so many of
the other North American Indians.
The California Indian lived primarily on
vegetable products, and although they were
hunters and fishermen they did not depend
upon their prowess in this respect to yield
them food. Their chief food was acorns,
roots and berries.
Their homes, although of moderate size,
may be more correctly classified as huts
tures of wood or bark were sometimes made
but were rarely built with regular hewn
planks. The shape of the primitive dwel-
ling was conical or domed and a thatching
or a thin layer of dirt was all that protected
the inmates from the elements.
The social organization was very simple.
There were no tribes, and beyond the family
the only basis for organization were the
villages and the language. The villages
were not of permanent habitation, the popu-
lation being inclined to shift within certain
defined limits The only common bond
which united the Indians into groups was
the similarity of language. In most cases
the larger groups were without names. The
village communities were almost always
named for localities, such as the Santa Ynez
Indians, the Hoopas, orCahuillas. The lack
of organization among them is very con-
spicuous and a division into distinct classes,
or castes, was unknown.
Their religious beliefs and ceremonies
varied somewhat in different areas; all
united in attributing life, intelligence, and
supernatural powers to the animate and
inanimate in nature. The possession of
supernatural power by medicine men was a
belief common to all. There was a belief
in a life hereafter, but of a life unaccom-
panied by any idea of reward or punishment.
Disease was supposed to be caused by some
small material, supernaturally present in
the body. By incantations and sucking the
affected part, the shaman or medicine man
pretended to remove these, and he would
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434
^be flativc amcrican
show pebbles or other small objects in his
hand to prove his success. His supposed
powers gave him almost unlimited influence
over the Indians which he often used
despotically.
We obtain a great deal of their religious
thought through their myths. The my-
thology of the California Indian differs
greatly from that found in other parts of
North America. Still, there is a similarity
in the beliefs of these Indians to those of
the primitive peoples of all races.
The Indians* nomenclature and legends
cling to our mountains, riyers. lakes. Indeed,
all California is an incomparable autograph
book of these first inhabitants.
Come with me in fancy to Shasta, where
I was privileged to visit one summer. We
shall pause just long enough to learn a little
of the folk-lore in which this region so richly
abounds. Our camp will be among the
giant redwoods, where to our north Shasta
rears skyward its miles of ice and snow and
pierces the blue sky. Near us are encamped
a few pitiful remnants of a once proud and
happy people. And, as we stand gazing up at
the giant trees which have stood as guards
over the land for centuries, we see before
us the old Indian village which nestled in
the very spot 150 years ago. Thatched huts
are scattered here and there, and in front
of one sits a young girl grinding acorns. Her
home is covered with the skins of many
animals, for her father is a great hunter.
She is dressed in skins ornamented with
shells, and near her, sitting on a carpet of
pine needles, is the wrinkled old grandmother
weaving a basket. Soon we see the mother
wending her way through the trees carrying
a basket of water upon her head. Food
must be prepared, for the hunters will soon
return. Then the stalwart men approach
the hut, laden with deer; and in the twilight
with the stars just beginning to peep through
the leaves of the trees, with a group of her
grandchildren about her, the revered old
grandmother slowly rocks to and fro as she
musically croons out the legend of Mount
Shasta:
"Long, long ago, when the world was so
new that even the stars were dark, the
Great Spirit above, Olelbis, could not see
through the darkness to the new earth.
With a large stone he bored a hole in the
sky. Then, through the hole, he pushed
down masses of ice and snow until a great
pyramid arose on the plain. Olelbis climbed
down through the hole, stepping from cloud
to cloud, until he could put his foot on top
of the mass of ice and snow. Then with one
long step he reached the earth. The sun
shone through the hole in the sky and made
the earth warm and soft. When it was soft
enough, Olelbis bored with his fingers here
and there in the earth and planted the first
trees. Streams from the melting snows
watered the trees and made them grow.
Then he gathered leaves that fell from the
trees and blew upon them, and they became
birds. He took a stick and broke it into
pieces; out of the small end he made fishes
and put them in the streams; of the middle
piece he made all the animals except the
grizzly bear. From the big end he made the
grizzly bear who was master of all. So
strong did grizzly grow that Olelbis feared
the creature he had made. Therefore, so
that he might be safe, he hollowed out the
great pyramid of ice and snow, as a tepee,
and in there he lived for thousands of snows.
The Indians knew that he lived there be-
cause they could see smoke curling out from
the smoke hole in the top of the tepee.
When the pale-face came, Olelbis went away.
There is no longer any smoke from the smoke
hole. The white men call the tepee Mount
Shasta."
Thus they idealized all the beautiful natu-
ral scenes, the mountains, lakes and rivers
into quaint stories.
But these primitive people were destined
for a higher religion than the worship of
nature and this comes to them like the
strain of a beautiful chant wafted down
through the age te our prosaic time by the
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pboenix f nWan Scbool
coming of the padres to California. We
see it all in a haze of romance; sunny skies
seem to ever bend over the graceful arches
of the missions nestled among verdant fields,
the silvery chime of bells floats out over the
valleys, content and plenty reign. Twenty-
six missions, one by one, extend along El
Camina Real like a chain of lights in the
435
bounds They were taught agriculture and
stockraising, and in individual cases reading
and writinsi and music They became skill-
ful laborers in many trades such as mechan-
ics, carpenters, blacksmiths, stone masons
and shoemakers. Their life in comparison
with that of the Indians outside of the
missions was vastly superior, and the teach-
MISS LYLAH HALL, STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA.
(Photo Taken at Soboba Reservation, September, 1914.)
darkness. The padres found a childlike,
pagan race in the Indians, who subsisted
with little effort in a land of plenty. They
sought to train this race in labor and in
worship of one God. The scriptural injunc-
tion "to compel them to come in" was
literally followed. The Indians were made
to live in quarters within the mission,
(Continued
ing of the padres prepared them for the
civilization which has been forced upon them
by Americans. The women were taught
weaving, and became tailors and dress-
makers.
In 1822, Mexico won her independence
from Spain, and the support of the missions
languished. There was removed from the
on page 438.)
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436
Pboenix Indian Scbool
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWE»n7Y-FIVE OKNTS A YEAR
The 1914 catalogue and annual report of
Cheraawa is a very neat and complete edi-
tion.
Mrs. C. L. Scott returned Thursday morn-
ing from the coast, having spent the greater
part of the summer at Coronado.
Andrew Jackson was in the first of the
week for three sets of harness made by the
Phoenix school for the Salt River agency.
Miss Anna Ridenour was over from Tempe
Thursday She is greatly enjoying her work
at the Normal school where she is girls' pre-
ceptress.
Dr. and Mrs. Ellis of Saltriver wert; re-
cent callers at the school. Dr. Ellis is j ust re-
covering from a severe attack of ptomaine
poisoning.
Mrs. Caroline Woodall and son returned
Thursday evening from Truxton Canon school,
Valentine, Arizona, and she will take the po-
sition of assistant laundress at this school.
Supervisor Otis B. Goodall spent Saturday
at Phoenix Indian school He was enroute
to the Papago country to locate some new
day schools authorized by the department.
Superintendent Thackery, Mr. Ward and
Mr. Moore were over Thursday from Sacaton.
The premium lists for the Pima fan* are
printed and show a large and varied assort-
ment of premiums. The merchants of
Blackwater, Casa Grande, Chandler, Florence,
Glendale, Sacaton, Mesa. Superior, Webster.
Tempe and Phoenix have generously con-
tributed prizes and plans are working out
for a big time at Sacaton the last week in
October.
Mr. and Mrs. Dixon were called to Pres-
cott Friday by the death of Mrs. Dixon's
brother, Curt Smith. Mrs. Dixon has the
sympathy of all in her double bereavement,
her mother having died just recently.
Supt. H. H. Miller of Fort Belknap agency
Harlem, Montana, has been transferred to
Fort Hall school. Idaho, and Supt. Jewell D.
Martin, who has been in charge at Uintah
and Ouray agency. Utah, will succeed Mr.
Miller at Fort Belknap.
Evangelist Weir, who has been holding a
tent service near the Cook Bible schooU talked
to the pupils again at the Sunday evening
service. Besides the regular song service,
Mrs. W. B. Anderson and Mrs. Wittenmyer
sang a very pretty duet.
The chalk talk given Saturday evening at
the auditorium by J. 0. Wise was greatly en-
joyed by both pupils and employees. Mr.
Wise puts more detail into his work than
many of his brother chalk artists and his
pictures were very effective.
S. M. Brosius of the Indian Rights associ-
ation was on the campus a short time Thurs-
day evening, having come in from Sacaton
with Superintendent Thackery. Mr Brosius
spent the summer in the northwest, and is
now returning to Washington. D. C.
Dr. and Mrs. Jacob Breid and daughter
Elizabeth returned Saturday night from their
summer trip after attending the Santa Fe
institute. They were as far e^st as Chi-
cago, but spent most of their time in Tren-
ton and Fulton, Missouri, with relatives.
Miss Lylah Hall, writer of the article on Cali-
fornia Indians in this issue, is the daughter
of Supt. Harwood Hall, now of Soboba agency.
Miss Hall is a native of Arizona, having
been born at Phoenix Indian School while
her father was superintendent here, and spent
most of her life at Sherman Institute to which
Mr. Hall was transferred from Perris school
in 1902. She has thus had ample oppor-
tunity to familiarize herself with the sub-
ject of her essay.
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pboenix Indian Scbool
437
Santa Fe Resolutions
The following resolutions were adopted at
the recent summer institute of Indian Service
employees at Sante Fe. New Mexico:
We the members of the Indian Service
institute in session at Sante Fe.New Mexico,
fully appreciating the great importance of
day and boarding schools as social and
educational centers, urge the utilization of
said schools as such by carrying into eJfect
the following plans:
( 1 ) The purchase of books, current litera-
ture, games and other necessary equipment
for social entertainment at day and small
boarding schools.
(2) The building, equipping and mam-
taining, under proper supervision, of libraries
supplied with books, periodicals, current
literature, etc , at the large boarding schools,
and especially at non-reservation schools, for
the purpose of advancing in a practical and
scientific way general Indian education, all of
this looking to a more thorough and rapid
preparation of pupils for their life work.
have had experience in chorus work.
Applicants must have reached their
twenty-fifth but not thehr fortieth birthday
on the date of the examination.
For further information write the United
States Civil Service Commission, Washing-
ton, D.C.
Civil Service Examination
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exami-
nation for teacher of vocal music, for women
only, on November 4, 1914, at the usual
places.
From the register of eligibles resulting
from this examination certification will be
made to fill vacancies in this position in the
Indian Service, at salaries ranging from $600
to $720 per annum, and vacancies as they
may occur in positions requiring similar
qualifications, unless it is found to be in the
interest of the service to fill any vacancy by
reinstatement, transfer, or promotion.
Competitors will be examined in the follow-
ing subjects: Spelling, arithmetic, penman-
ship, letter writing, elementary practical
questions on the theory of music, and train-
ing and experience.
Applicants must have some proficiency as
pianists. It is also desirable that they shall
Hospital Notes
The following reservation patients have
been at the hospital during the past few
weeks: Enriquez Cooper, Mr. and Mrs. Juan
Thomas and child from the Papago country
south of Tucson; Dean McArthur, John
Pratt. Isaac Day and Enos Juan from Gila
Crossing; Laura An cone, an outing girl, and
Hinky Tosca of Whiteriver. Operations for
trachoma and for the removal of pterygiums
were done for these people.
Patients from the reservations for general
treatment at the hospital are Mrs. Petra
Harvier of Sacaton, Antonio Thomas of Salt
River, Mrs. Lucy McAfee of Gila Crossing and
Sarah Allison of Casa Blanca.
The operations for trachoma, in cases of
new pupils entering school in September,
were begun two weeks ago. Thus far 13 per
cent of the new girls and boys have trachoma.
The new operating room at the hospital
and the other enlargements and improve-
ments are being made. A new kitchen and
dining room are being built, cement fioors
put m and other changes planned. All this
will greatly improve the hospital, making it
larger and better fitted for its purposes.
Mr. and Mrs. Waite have moved to the
hospital where Mrs. Waite will fill the house-
keeper's position.
Terry Roberts, son of Mr. and Mrs. Rush
Roberts of Santa Fe, arrived this week to
enter the sanatorium for a serious hip
trouble. Terry was a pupil at this school
while his parents were employed here several
years ago. With him came Mauro Antonio,
a Papago boy, who also entered the sanator-
ium.
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The California Indians
(Continued from 435.)
missioDS one very strong motive, that of
national patriotism. Finally, the work
among the Indians became purely . secular.
The missions had been in operation during
but two generations, therefore it is obvious
that the work of civilizing the Indian was
still incomplete. One by one the missions
were abandoned. The padres sailed mourn-
fully home and the strong hands which had
guided and controlled the Indians were re-
moved. Joyously at first, the Indians hailed
their new found freedom, and sped back to
the lands formerly occupied by their fathers,
only to find these already claimed by the
Spanish and Mexican settlers.
Grown helpless by enforced dependence,
they were no match for the strong new race
and they melted away into the pitiless war-
fare of the survival of the fittest. A feeble
attempt was made to reserve some land for
them, but this proved ineffective. Some
fled to the mountains, but most perished
where they were, and of the 34,000 converts
claimed by the mission records we find less
than 3,000 to day. But worse was to follow
this unfortunate people.
By the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in
1848, Mexico ceded her rights in California
to the United States. We, who have seen
the unfurling of our own beloved fiag bring
life and liberty to the islands of the sea, can
scarcely credit the awful deeds of bloodshed
that mark the inrush of Americans into
California with the discovery of gold. By
1852 the white population was supposed to
have been 200,000 men, for the most part
strong and masterful. Traditions of 200
years of Indian warfare and memories of
conflicts in the wilderness journey with war-
like tribes of the plains, who were fighting
for their homes, made these new comers see
an enemy in every redskin.
These men were therefore in no mood to
acknowledge that Indians had any rights
whatever and, as a rule, acted consistently
on this theory. These Indians were a de-
fenseless people, for they had no firearms
and were heavily outnumbered. Something
like ninety or a hundred battles with the In-
dians have been reported, and there are
Bloody Creeks and Bloody Rocks and Bloody
Mountains all up and down our state. The
Indians would meet an aggression or insult
in the usual aborigine fashion by killing the
first white man they met. Then followed
swift and sure retribution. The miners
would orgamze and the offending village
would be wiped out. Sometimes, indeed*
the Indians were the aggressors. In the ma-
jority of instances, however, the Indians did
not seem to have been the original a>igres-
sors, and very often the outrage upon the
Indians was undoubtedly wanton for the
purpose of securing the land for cattle, or of
securing Indian children for servants, or
slaves.
As soon as possible after the acquisition
of California to the United States, the Fed-
eral Government turned its attention to the
Indians of the newly acquired territory, and
set about to establish reservations for them.
At first the Indians occupied pretty fair land
and had neat little orchards, especially peach
trees, gardens, etc. This tidy little place
would attract the attention of some frontiers-
man who would then file on the land and
summarily kick the Indian out So when
the Government endeavored to reserve land
for the Indians the only available territory
was that which was of little or no value to
anybody.
Some Indiana are able to till the soil but
in most cases the land is not fertile and the
lack of water forces the Indians to work in
the fields of the whites. The Government is
endeavoring to right the many wrongs in-
flicted upon the Indians. Schools have been
established for them and the young men are
ready, when they leave these schools, to
compete with the white man in day labor.
Some put into practical use the trades for
which they have been trained, and many
young men own blacksmith and harness
shops. The young women usually work in
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439
homes although, some after attending high
school, have taken thf civil service exami-
nations for teachers, while others have fitted
themselves as stenographers and filled re-
munerative positions.
Thus we see that civilization has wrought
wonderful changes in the California Indian.
The young men and women who have at-
tended the schools provided for them leave
these institutions to take their places beside
the white man. The miserable conditions
of the reservation home have been alleviated
in a great measure by the younger genera-
tion who have come closely in contact with
civilization and have imbibed the knowledge
and culture of their white brother.
The Indian is gradually becoming assimi-
lated into our national life and is doing a
definite work in the world.
What the final race problem in America
is to be. human wisdom cannot foresee.
That there will be an Indian strain in the
future American stock is already proven.
It will be found that the Indian has con-
tributed a worthy share to the quality and
worth of the future ruling race of the
American continent.
Distinguished Choctaw Divines New Note
Hon. Gabe E. Parker, register of the Treas-
ury of the United States, in the following
letter voices the responsive sentiment of the
Indians to Commissioner Sells because of the
efforts he is making in their behalf:
Hon. Cato Sells,
Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.
Dear Sir:
I have read with care and great interest
your circular letter No. 896 on Indian Fairs.
The ownership and intelligent use of land
are indeed fundamental economic principles.
You have struck the fountain from which
must flow individual and national freedom
from ignorance and poverty.
I have heard you say that you have no
"set policy." May I venture to say that you
have what is far better: you have a "soul"
in your activities. I am impressed with the
fact that your vision of the Indian is not en
masse but that it is broad enough to con-
template and comprehend the individual.
What is all this work about? What is the
conclusion of the whole matter? What is
^he conception of the future? What is the
goal? If the whole business is not focalized
in the development of a cheerful, competent
and self-supporting individual, very little of
real value to the Indian or the nation will
result. It must not be forgotten that the
human growth comes from within, not from
without. The Indian must be permitted and
required to exercise himself.
I wish each Indian might know you per-
sonally and feel the enthusiastic touch of
your intense interest in his welfare. I hope
you may have the health, encouragement
and support to continue the splendid work
you have begun, for there is in the Indian
character that intrinsic worth which will
respond to opportunity and friendship in
terms of growth, competency and good citi-
zenship.
With my continued high regard and cordial
best wishes, I remain,
Very sincerely yours,
(Signed ) GABE E. PARKER.
Throughout the Service
The Canton asylum boasts a large new au-
tomobile bus for the comfort and convenience
of its patients.
L.O. Johnson, clerk in the agency office at
Fort Lapwai,was transferred this summer to
position of chief clerk at the Fort Berthold
agency. North Dakota.
The Sherman Bulletin in its issue of
September 23 contains the official report of
Supervisor Otis B. Goodall to Commissioner
Sells on the summer institute at Riverside.
The report is followed by outlines of the
different courses of instruction given, and
the two combined form a very complete and
interesting abstract of the work of the in-
stitute.
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Zbe Dative ameckan
The Dog
Jii/ ]yilbur Walker. Fifth Grade B
I was at my grandfather's place last year
and there was a dog there. Whenever we
went hunting he went also. He would chase
rabbits, cottontails and anything else that
came in his way.
This do:4 has a yellow coat and it has
short ears which stand up straight. Its ears
were cut short when it was young. When
he is angry he shows his teeth; when he
is pleased he wiggles his tail; when he is full
of fun he runs around, jumps around, and
does many other things to show that he is
playful. In the nights he watches after the
house. He will not let any other dog come
around. If it does he will run after it and
bite him until he is a great way off.
This dog likes my grandfather and mother
because they take good care of him because
there are too many foxes around there and
they steal chickens and other things. He
eats almost anything we give him and also
anything we leave in reach that he can eat
so we always keep things up high.
He is a good and faithful dog. He never
gets angry at a person even if he does not
know him. He is gentle and loving.
He likes to play with cats but the cats
are afraid of him.
Football Practice
By Johnson McA,Ue
Have you been out on the football field
to see those boys in padded pants and
sweaters sweating "to beat the band?" They
are football "rookies" and a few veterans who
are fighting to get on the school team.
There are thirty boys who are being di-
vided into two teams, practicing signals,
tackling and falling on the ball. Many are
new at the game but are doing fine.
Coach Venne is putting forth every effort
to fill the places of our best men who have
not returned to school. There is no doubt
but that he will develop a winning eleven.
Jose Igaacio, assistant disciplinarian and
a former Chilocco player, is assisting Coach
Venne and is especially developing the sec-
ond team which will give the first team
some hard practice. Antonio Martinez is at
quarter and Lemuel Yukku who was a fast
man on the baseball team is just as good
on the football field
Coach Venne is doing everything possible
to give the team comfort and supply their
needs.
The veterans are Shaw, George Burke,
Vavages, Isaac Anton and Butler. These
boys will be responsible for a large share in
the development of the team.
Now that they have a lot to win and prob-
ably something to lose, we as schoolmates
should do our part in helping every way
possible because they represent our school
and we like for them to "bring home the
bacon." Let us show lots of school spirit
and loyalty and encourage the team in
every way possible.
Miss Hattie C. Allen has received transfer
as teacher to Santa Feand will leave at once
for her new position.
At the fire drill Wednesday evening the
boys had water on the flames in five min-
utes after the alarm.
Inspector J. H. Fleming of the Department
of the Interior called at the school Friday.
Mr. Fleming has for several years been a
neighbor to Phoenix Indian school, making
his home on a fine orange grove near Camel-
back. He is a recent appointee of Secretary
Lane and his first assignment was a visit to
the Papago country in company with Super-
intendent Thackery of the Pima reservation
Occupations of Santee Graduates
What Santee graduates are doing: One pas-
tor, one Government school farm inspector,
one Y. M. C. A. secretary, two general mis-
sionaries, one Sunday School missionary, one
nurse, four domestic helpers, eleven married
and housekeeping, five students, one Gov-
ernment clerk, five farming, one domestic sci-
ence teacher, one Indian interpreter, two mer-
chants, one carpenter, two housekeeping, and
five have died. — Indian's Friend.
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NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Fort Totten. North Dakota
Fort TotUn Htrietr.
The following is a roster of the employees
at Fort Totten (North Dakota) school:
C. M. Ziebach,
Bert R. Petz,
H. W. Camp,
Charles Picard,
Katie A.Veix,
Inez M.Brown,
A. Rowland Warner,
Clara B. Kinne,
Agnes M. Farris,
Ella H. Gilmore,
Emma G. Dent,
Frances Divine,
M. G. Saenz,
Pauline Roesler,
G. Iv. Parkhill,
Margaret Carson,
Sarah R. Ryder,
Delia M. Dion,
Edward M. Stitt,
Frank M. Blake,
Edward Thompson,
W. Q. Farris,
M. D. L/Ucia,
Catherine Picard,
Clemence L/atraile,
Mazie Arehart,
Carrie Pohl,
Maggie Grant,
William Maxwell,
James York,
A. L/. Sandin,
James Grant,
J. Russell Everett,
R. E. Lee,
Sophie E. Picard
Mary Oliver,
Moses Wilkie,
lyouis L/atraile,
Solomon Morin,
Theresa Maloney,
Pat G. Chaves,
Martin Strait,
Superintendent
Principal
Chief clerk
Clerk
Assistant clerk
Assistant clerk
Physician
Senior teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Disciplinarian
Matron
Engineer
Seamstress
Cook
Baker
Carpenter
Assistant carpenter
Assistant carpenter
Shoe and harnessmaker
Tailor
Laundress
Assistant Laundress
Nurse
Field matron
Assistant matron
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Gardener
Dairyman
Assistant matron
Assistant matron
Assistant engineer
Assistant engineer
Assistant engineer
Assistant seamstress
Painter
Interpreter
GREY NUNS* DEPARTMENT.
Margaret Page,
Margaret Cleary,
Adele Monette,
Hannah P. Coughlan,
Alodia Arseueault,
Mary A. Hart,
Rachel Beauchemin,
Principal teacher
Assistant teacher
Assistant laundress
Matron
Seamstress
Teacher
Cook
Alice Fountaine,
Rosa M. Sibenaler,
Roy Williams,
James Demarce.
Laundress
Assistant Matron
Laborer
Assistant Engineer
Lapwai, Idaho
Nfz Perce Indian.
Many of the Indians are engaged in haul-
ing grain to market, some marketing their own
grain and others are hauling for white farmers.
It is no uncommon sight to see an Indian driv-
ing a six-horse team hauling ninety sacks of
barley or wheat.
J. J. Stewartz, agency farmer, has taken
an exhibit of agricultural products raised by
Indians to Spokane for entry at the interstate
fair. Mr. Swartz says he has secured a partic-
ularly fine collection of grains and grasses this
year and he hopes to secure some prizes for
the Indians who raised these products.
Ganado, Arizona
Bv Special Correspondent.
Rev. C. N. Piatt and family are enjoying a
vacation in California.
C. A. Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Cochrane and
Miss Anna M. Sheets visited at Chin Lee Sept.
7 to 9, taking in the sights of the great Canyons
Del Muerto and De Chelley and also visit-
ing the school and other places of interest at
that point.
Rev. H. A. Clark of Tolchaco, Arizona, visited
the Presbyterian mission Sept. 15 on his way
to take up his work at Fort Defiance.
The annual **chicken pull," a long looked for
sport, was held at this point September IS and
16, and was fairly well attended as it is always
enjoyed by the Indians.
Sherman Boys Take Honors
Southern California upheld its athletic repu-
tation this afternoon, when the two Sherman
Institute Indians won second and third places
in the first annual Fresno cross city race from
a field of twenty-five starters.
At 12:45 the runners were started on their
long hike through the streets of Fresno.
At the crack of the starter's pistol Millard,
of the Olympic club of San Francisco, holder
of the five-mile record of the Pacific Coast,
took the lead closely followed by Roscoe Poley-
eweta and Peter Begay, the two Southern Cali-
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fornia representtives, F. I^ee, Caledonian club
and Bobbj Vlught, Olympic club.
At the end of the second mile these five
athletes had left the balance of ihe field way
behind. As the runners approached the busi-
ness section of the town, they were greeted
by mighty cheering from the thousands of
spectators who lined the streets.
The race was a rare sight to them, as they
were witnessing the first race ever ran through
the city streets. From the business section
the course took the runners along Ventura
avenue out to the fair grounds, a distance of
two miles. As the runners swung into Ventura
avenue, there commenced a battle that was
wonderful to behold between Millard and the
little brown-skinned Indian Polyeweta. First
one then the other would gain a yard, but
neither one could manage to leave the other.
The pace they were setting was fierce con-
sidering the intense heat that beat down upon
them. The two runners entered the fair
grounds to cover the last mile on the track run-
ning neck and neck, with Vlught and the other
Indian, Begay, running 200 yards behind.
Vlught, who won the one-mile in the P.A.A.
championship last Saturday in 4m. 27s., appear-
ed to be running in great distress. The heat
was gradually overcoming the plucky athlete.
Vlught ran only a few yards after he entered
the fair grounds, when he succumbed to the
heat, falling face down on the track. He was
carried into the dressing-room, where his
trainer tried in vain to revive him. He was
finally taken to the hospital with a bad case of
delirium. Only eleven runners finished this
heart grueling r3.ce. --Los Angeles Times,
Pueblo Architecture in Bungalows
An innovation in the construction and archi-
tecture of the modern bungalow has made its
appearance in southern California. It is the
adaptation of the old Pueblo Indian style of
architecture brought down 300 years, modern-
ized and applied to pretty little homes in south-
ern California. The result of this first experi-
ment tried in a real practical way in San Diego
has created no end of interest, both in L/Os
Angeles and San Diego, says the Los Angeles
Tribune.
When the Pueblo Indians first designed their
homes they were fairly well civilized, and built
with mud and rocks up one, two, three and
sometimes four stories of various heights.
These queer homes on the desert of Arizona
and New Mexico and in the new-made towns
of these fast developing desert sections are a
curiosity even to this day. They were built
to withstand the elements, to be cool and
comfortable in summer and a shelter much
better than the wigwam afi^orded ag'ainst the
winter rains. They were built alongf straight
square lines, unknowingly artistic and with-
out thought that someday they were to become
the feature of California's latest idea in home
designs.
The easterner coming to California today
over the low altitude route through this desert
section that lies the other side of the Sierras
first sees and marvels at these Indian pueblos
nestled in odd groups on the desert, and then
in beholding the charms of southern California
sees this same type of dwelling adapted for
the modern American family because it pro-
duces a home that is convenient, cool, light and
airy, as well as attractive.
In the new **pueblo bungalows" recently
built on Cabrillo terrace in San Diego the
interior of the modern California bungalow
has been retained, but the exterior is a pure
adaptation of the Pueblo Indian style of archi-
tecture. Contrasted with the typical California
bungalow there is much in favor of the new
design. The exterior '*knick-nacks" and **gini
cracks" that run into expense have been
eliminated and the money so saved diverted to
the improvement of the interior finish. Thisis
accomplished without slighting the exterior of
the house, as is too often the case in modern
home building. — Washington Star.
Two Moons Visits President Wilson
On July 30, Two Moons, famous Cheyenne
warrior and veteran of the Custer battle, shook
hands with President Wilson at the White
House, and incidentally met there Brigadier
General Hugh Scott, who participated in many
campaigns against the Indians in thew^est, and
talked to him in the sign language.
The Indian informed the President that he
came to Washington especially to pay his re-
spects to the White Father before returning to
his home on the Tongue River reservation, in
Montana, after attending a convention in New
Jersey. He was attired in civilian dress, the
only reminder of the sarage state being a huge
fan made from eagle feathers, which he ^vieldcd
vigorously. Although he is seventy-six years
old, Two Moons is eiect and virile, while his
long hair is still raven black. — Indian'*s Friend.
An interesting story on TwoMoonaby Chief
Liquor Officer Henry A. Larson will appear in
the Native American at an early date. [Ed.]
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A FIRM faith is the best
-™- theology, a good life
the best philosophy, a
clear conscience the best
law, honesty the best pol-
icy, and temperance the
best physic.
Aughey.
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*'NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE"'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education.
%)oltmie t5
October 10, 1914
9^(umber 33
The Correlation of Academic and Industrial
Instruction
Address by Principal Teacher Carroll L Scott of Phoenix Indian School, Phoenix, Arizona, at round table conference
Shernfian Institute, Kiverside, California, July 22, 1914. Discussion led by Supt. F. L. Conser of Sherman Institute.
of our Indians work at manual labor. Then
why stick to the academic course that is
based on the state course of study if so doing
causes us to neglect proper instruction along
industrial lines? To attain the immediate
ends mentioned above therefore I maintain
that cultural education, as we have under-
stood the meaning of the term, and the state
course of study will have to be ignored to a
certain extent.
The ultimate end that we may expect
from a better correlation is the better and
quicker achievement of those results for
which education is intended, namely, the
training of the pupils for physical efficiency,
for vocation, for religious saneness, for parent-
hood and for intelligent citizenship.
Academic instruction was primarily insti-
tuced for the purpose of preparing people for
the professions and it has grown by new de-
mands made upon it through different stages
of evolution until now it is admitting that
there is a place for the consideration of in-
dustrial problems. That old spirit of con-
servatism and exclusiveness has served to
make the schools seem to be something apart
from real life and many pupils feel a strange
influence upon entering the schoolroom and
some of a sensitive nature are often over-
come by nervousness and so fail to do the
work of which they are capable while in
school.
Industrial instruction on the other hand
was instituted to teach trades through a sys-
tem of guilds and apprenticeship and later
of trade schools and instead of the influence
present in the schoolroom there is often not
SHALL not attempt to say much
on the general phase of this
question today, but confine
what I say here to the Indian
schools alone.
The fact that such a subject
has been suggested is proof that there exists
a need for correlation and an inspection of
our Indian schools will show that there is
grave need along this line.
The academic and industrial departments
are as a rule not closely enough correlated and
the pupils will not make the progress that
they should make in the schools until this
matter is given more and proper attention.
The immediate ends to be attained are fast-
er progress and increased interest on the part
of our pupils because we reach the point of
contact in the schoolroom when we begin to
teach about those things and conditions that
the pupil meets in his daily life and daily
work. Correlation connects the school with
life. We must not forget that the study of
industrial arithmetic or trade language is just
as cultural as the study of anything else.
There should be no sympathy for that narrow
mindedness that demands so-called "cultural
study." Our educators today are beginning
to ridicule what is known as cultural edu-
cation and they hold that no one is cultured
who is not able to do something of the world's
work and to do that something well.
Our own race sends but 8 per cent of our
young people to higher schools of learning
while the 92 per cent do manual labor or
work with their hands in some gainful occu-
pation and there is no doubt that 99 per cent
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enough of control and the learners sometimes
have their natures hardened by the influence
of the industrial instructor.
The results of these two systems exist yet
in the schools which attempt to teach both
the academic and industrial branches and
the schoolmistress is so conservative that
she seems unapproachable to the industrial
instructor and she often will not listen to
the demands of industry, but just as much
the industrial instructor in too many in-
stances is so careless that he repels the
schoolroom teacher.
I would not be misunderstood in this
statement, neither would I be ready to place
the whole blame on the two systems as each
case must rest on its own individual merits
There are teachers in the Indian schools who
are approachable by any other employee
and there are industrial instructors with as
good manners as any one need have, but to
be specific, I have known a teacher to be-
little a mason whose salary was more than
twice hers because he belonged to what she
termed the "labor element." Could she do
good work in correlating academic study
with masonry? Then again I have known
industrial instructors to tell obscene stoiies
use tobacco and profane language in the
presence of their pupils. It is obvious
that they could not be considered examples
for the Indian to pattern after and this
would at least detract from their usefulness
in correlation.
The lack of cooperation between the aca
demlc teacher and industrial instructor can-
not help but be one of the chief causes of
the lack of correlation of the academic and
indu:^trial instruction. The schoolmistress
must be able to see a man although he
works in overalls and the industrial instruc-
tor must be willing to help the teacher in
her attempts to get material to use in the
schoolroom.
Another reason that might be given for
the lack of correlation is the fact that the
schools are expected to follow the state
course of study and at the same time to
attempt to make the pupil efficient iodustri-
aPy. That old theory that the securing of
so-called formal discipline through the study
of Latin and Greek will enable you to be-
come a good civil engineer or a good
domestic science teacher has been explod-
ed. There is nothing in it and the
schools are beginning to find it out. It is
like going south to reach the north pole.
You may arrive in spite of the way you take
but you will lose a lot of valuable time in so
doing and we cannot afford to put the Indian
pupils through the old traditional mill that
leads to the high school when what he needs
and is begging for is industrial efficiency.
I believe the Phoenix school has as good
a course of study in the academic depart-
ment as any Indian school and it graduates
from the eighth grade into the Phoenix
high school. I may be cha'-ged, therefore,
with inconsistency for my stand here, but I
am willing that the non-essentials in that
course be cut down until time is given for
industrial instruction necessary and any one
of my teachers who is willing to throw oflT
her academic conservatism and take up the
great educational problem of industry in her
work will receive my help and support just
so she does not neglect the fundamentals of
education.
Furthermore, I do not think that those in
authority are at all inconsistent in their de-
sire for having the state course of study
followed and for their insistence, at the same
time, upon having industrial instruction. I
believe the statement I venture above will
meet their approval and I believe there is a
possibility for a reconciliation of the two
ideas provided the authorities appreciate the
element of time which always confronts the
academic teachers and provided the teacher
herself fully understands just what the de*
sires and requirements are. My plea here is
for the teacher to take a hold on the problem
and strive to solve it in a broad-minded way
by good, hard work and for the ones in au-
thority over her to give her full support and
sympathy and help with full cooperation
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447
demanded on the part of the industrial in-
structors.
We must begin to feel ourselves a part of
that great educational movement that is
sweeping across the country and shaking the
very foundation of our elementary school
system. The teacher can no longer confine
h3r work to reading, writing, and arithmetic*
but she must begin to think, for our democ
racy itself depends upon the schools and upon
the manner in which we teach such educa-
tional problems as immigration, and trans-
portation, and industry, and patriotism. Our
Indian schools are not alone in this for no
question is agitating the nation today more
than the industrial question and we must
keep abreast of the problem and not permit
ourselves to follow in the wake of the pro.
gress of other schools.
Some of the smaller matters which might
well come into the consideration here but
which I shall merely mention in passing for
lack of time are more time for preparation
of work by both the academic and industrial
instructors, better pay for employees to keep
pace with the increased cost of living, less
night work for the academic teachers and
less night work of an exacting nature for our
pupils.
In regard to the last point I will say that
as compared with the number of hours "at
attention" of our pupils and those of the
white schools the Indian schools are a veri-
table tread mill and I agree with Dr. Murphy
that this is a very prolific cause of bad health
on the part of many of our boys and girls
and it is just as prevalent if not more so in
the large non-reservation schools as it is in
the other schools.
It would not be enough to give proofs of
a need for correlation of the academic and
industrial instruction in our Indian schools
and the reasons therefor, as I see them,
without presenting at least a partial set of
methods to supply that need that I think may
help to give us more efficient results becau.^e
of such correlation.
(Continued
There are really three sets of problems along
this line in the Indian schools corresponding
to the three kinds of sohools, but I shall at-
tempt to speak of the day school and the
non-reservation boarding schools only on the
grounds that the reservation boarding school
has about the same problems as the non-res-
ervation boarding school although on a small-
er scale. In the day schools there should not
be any great lack of correlation if the teacher
appreciates the importance of industrial in-
struction as he is usually the industrial in-
stuctor and the atademic teacher at the same
time. Because of this fact if he is a real
teacher it will not be hard for him to corre-
late the two kinds of work by the simple
method of conversations with his pupils while
doing the industrial work and by writing in a
note book names of tools, materials, buildings,
animals, etc., for language lessons and by
noting down problems that come up for in-
dustrial arithmetic. By using this material
in all ways possible in the schoolroom, adapt-
ing it to the ability of the pupils in every
event, he will soon have enough and to spare
of real, live stuff that ths pupils will be vi-
tally interested in because ther'* is thus es-
tablished a point of contact with their work.
But there is one point I wish to empha-
size in the day school instruction and it is
this: I have noticed that in many day schools
the housekeeper does not seem to know just
what her duties are in regard to having the
girls do work in her home and so in many
cases the girls are deprived of the best train-
ing that is possible to be gotten in the school
and are also deprived of the culture and re-
finement that should come to them through
a closer associ ition with their school mother
by working with her in her home during a
part of the year. I unhesitatingly say that
the girl in the large school who gets most
out of the course is the one who is fortunate
enough to be placed in one of the well-
ordered homes of an employee of the school
to do housework during the industrial period
The plan I shall indicate for this idea may
seem hard to carry out where there are but
on page 450.)
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448
pboenix Indian Scbool
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN. Superintendent
An illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School. Phoenix, Arizona
TVVliNTY-FIVB CENTS A YEAR
Mr. Oliver is on duty at the office again
after a month's vacation spent mostly on
the campus.
Mr. Stacy is much pleased t^ receive a
picture which he requested of Hon. G. W. P.
Hunt and the governor's likeness is now
adorning his schoolroom.
Mrs. A. E.Hoffman and son Robert came
over Tuesday from Sacaton and remained
several days. Mrs. Hoffman is busy planning
exhibits for the Pima fair the last of the
month.
Milo Kibbeof Los Angeles has for the past
two weeks been a guest at the home of his
sister, Mrs. Rose Krebs, who is the candidate
of the Republican party for state superintend-
ent of public instruction.
Miss Alice Roman of Day ton. Ohio, was the
guest of Miss Frances Adams on Sunday.
Miss Roman has been visiting in the southern
part of the state and will probably visit Cali-
fornia before returning east.
The peace service at the auditorium was
held early Sunday afternoon in order to en-
able those who wished to attend the lecture
of Hon. Richmond P. Hobson. The dis-
tinguished congressman from Alabama lec-
tured in the city in the interests of prohibition.
Miss Hattie C. Allen, for six years a teacher
at Phoenix Indian school, left Sunday even-
ing for Santa Fe, New Mexico, to which
school she had received transfer. Miss Allen
will be missed among her circle of friends
here, but all hope she will enjoy the change to
her new home.
The latest addition to the printing office
force of the Native American is a son born
to Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Lawrence on Friday
night. Both mother and baby are doing
splendidly.
The walls and ceiling of the school audito-
rium have been repainted and the soft brown
of the walls makes a pretty background for
the beautiful new pictures which will soon
adorn them. Some fine prints from the great
artists have been recently added to the school
house collection.
We are sorry to learn of the death of George
Kill of McDowell. George was a pupil of
Phoenix school for a term, but for the past
several years has been on the reservation and
working near Scottsdale This makes the
second death in the family of Sam Kill with-
in a few months. George was sick about a
month.
Major Grinstead of the Arizona National
Guard recently received from the War De-
partment a commission as major of volun-
teers which will entitle him to this rank in
case his services are ever needed in his
country's defense. Mr. Grinstead took the re-
quired examination before the board at Fort
Huachuca in July.
The new girls' industrial building is pro-
gressing rapidly. It is located west of the
manual training building and has a frontage
of 77 feet. The length of the building is 82
feet and the L is 33 feet long. Wide veran-
das downstairs and screen sleeping porches
above will make a comfortable building for
this climate. Fifty girls will be accomoio-
dated therein.
Mr. Venne and Fred Perry from the cam-
pus and Lancisco Hill from the city were
three members of the orchestra which accooi-
paniedthe Shriners to Grand Canyon this
week. Besides furnishing the best of music
on all occasions they were able thoroughly
to enjoy the trip. The entire orchestra wore
Indian costumes and presented a native
Arizona appearance.
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449
We are indebted to Dr. J. A, Munk of Los
Angeles for an autograph copy of **Bibliogra-
phy of Arizona/* being the record of litera-
ture on Arizona collected by Dr. Munk and
donated by him to the Southwest Museum
at Los Angeles. The book is compiled by
Hector AUiot, curator of the museum, and is
a useful addition to our school library. It is
arranged alphabetically under authors and
subjects and gives date of publication of each
article or book.
Day of Prayer for Peace
No service held in the school chapel has
ever been more impressive than the one Sun-
day afternoon under the charge of Superin-
tendent Goodman in compliance with the
proclamation of the President for a day of
prayer for peace among the warring nations
of Europe. The following program was given
with an effect for good on all who heard it:
Song — '*Stand Up for Jesus" School
Song— ''The Way of the Cross." School
Reading— Psalm 147 Rev. Mr. Ray
Prayer Rev. Mr. Ray
Solo— **Ivet Us Have Peace" Dr. Breid
Reading — President's proclamation Mr. Scott
Song — **Pass Me Not" School
Silent prayers tor peace All present
Sermon Rev. Mr. Ray
Closing song — "Come, Thou Almighty King"
Benediction
A Message from the Governor
Executive Office,
State House.
Phoenix, Arizona, October 1, 1914.
My Dear Mr. Goodman.
Having read in your school journal, the
Native American, that you expect to retire
from the Government service at ihe end of
this month, I wish to assure you of my genu-
ine regret on hearing that the Phoenix ladian
school is to lose such a capable official as your-
self, and to express the hope that new suc-
cesses may be yours in the future.
On the occasion of my different visits at
the Indian school. I have been gratefully im-
pressed by the uniform courtesy extended to
visitors, and most of all the excellent results
obtained through the instruction afforded
your numerous charges.
I am, moreover, deeply appreciative of the
fair and broad-minded attitude which you
have always maintained toward those gov-
ernmental principles which have found
general acceptance in this state.
With assurances of my kind personal re-
gard, and my best wishes for renewed health,
I am Sincerely yours,
GEO. W. P. HUNT.
Governor of Arizona.
Hon. Eugene ChaFm Speaks to Pupils.
Hon. Eugene Chafin. candidate of the Pro-
hibition party for United States senator from
Arizona, spoke to the Indian boys and girls
Tuesday evening. He was introduced by
Rev. George Logic of the Cook Bible school and
made a brief but very interesting talk and his
audience was sorry that he had to hurry
away to keep another engagement. Mr.
Chafin has the happy faculty of presenting his
subject in a manner easily grasped by a
student body and his simple, forceful argu-
ments appealed to the boys and girls and
left a strong impression on them. His re-
marks were chiefly showing the evil effects of
alcohol and narcotics on the human body and
brain and urging his hearers to keep them-
selves free from these destroying evils.
Former Phoenix Teacher Passes Away
Mrs. Mary Riley Sanderson who has taught
in the Government Indian schools for nine-
teen years, passed away Sept. 29 in Winner
S. D. at the home of her sister Mrs. J. H.
Scriven. Mrs. Sanderson was an employee
at this school for seven years, and also day
school teacher at Camp McDowell. She went
from here to Upper Lake, Calif., and then to
Rosebud agency. South Dakota, resigning last
January on account of her health. Many
friends will regret to hear of her death which
occurred from the infrequent disease of per-
nicious anaemia.
Mrs. R. A. Perry is filling the school room
vacancy left by transfer of Miss Allen.
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450
Zbe Batit^c Bmettcait
Correlation of Academic and Industrial
Instruction
(ContiDued from page 447.)
a few pupih in the day school and these few
are small but I believe it is at least worth
trying where possible.
I would divide the girls into dififerent
groups of say four to six and one group re-
sponsible, for a week or a month, for the
cooking and serving the noon-day meal to
the pupils, another group for the cleaning of
diningrooni, kitchen and storeroom and wash-
ing of dishes and a third for cooking, making
beds, cleaning, sweeping and care of children
in the home of the day school teacher. I
would correlate their work as indicated for
the boys and I would make my own text
books if necessary from the fund of material
that would accumulate as the days pass.
I realize that pupils in the day schools
are young and timid and do not know the
English language well but notwithstanding
this I believe that some plan such as I have
mentioned will help to correlate the two
kinds of work in the day schools.
Rbferencb:
On carb of children— **Feeding Young
Children*' by Dr. Schwartz.
But the big problem of correlation is met
with in our large nonreser vat ion schools like
Sherman and Carlisle and Phoenix. I have
already stated some causes, as I see them,
for the lack of correlation and I come now
to the difficult task of trying to point out
some remedies.
As intimated before, the question of vo-
cational training is among the great educa-
tional problems confronting us today and it
has been found that there are many misfits
in industry because of a lack of vocational
guidance in the selection of a life work.
The same problem applies to the Indian
pupil as he enters the school. He has been
promised that he can learn a trade in the
school and very often that is why he came
but it is a question whether his particular
case receives the thought it should before
he is assigned to his industrial work. There
should be a probationary period of work for
him in any trade to which he may be as-
signed and it should be less difficult for bim
to change his work if he does not make the
proper progress, whether the cause be lack
of interest, lack of cooperation with bis in-
structor, bad health or what not, and there
might well be what I shall call a vocational
committee with members from the industrial
and academic departments to help to choose
a proper trade and to have general charge
of this work and they should realize its im-
portance, hold frequent conferences and be
supplied with the latest literature on voca-
tional guidance and vocational training in
general
References:
United States Bureau of Education BuUetiu,
1913, No. 19— whole No. 229.
1. *'German Industrial Education and its I^es-
sons for the United Slates" by Holmes
Beckwiih,
2. "Vocational Education** by Parsons.
3. ''Industrial Education," NHtional Associa-
tion of Manufactures, 30 Church street.
New York.
4. (a) "Need of Vocational Education in the
United States** by Edwin G. Cooley.
(b) "Vocational Education in Wisconsin" by
A. M. Evan«».
"The CominerciHl Club of Chicajfo,*' Railroad
Exchang'e building, Michigan avenue,
Chicago. Illinois.
The teacher sbou'd know what the in-
dustrial work of each of her pupils is f nd
should make frequent visits to the industiial
departments from eight to nine o'clock in
the morning and from four to five in the
afternoon to confer with the industrial in-
structor and to get material for giving indus-
trial instruction in the schoolroom. In this
way she will find the point of contact and
show her pupils that she is interested in what
they are doing outside of the schoohouse.
Keep the material collected in thej^e trips
and use it in the school room and later have
it printed in the school print shop and you
will soon have a large amount of interesting
work that your pupils will trike gre it interest
in because they have nelped to make it.
But you say what study shall be neglected
to teach this material. And I answer, none
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Make iadustrial training the focusing point
■of th3 whole ia3tru3tioa and forget the hi4h
school. Drop no:i-es3entials in arithmetic,
history, geography and technical grammar
and put in trade arithmetic, history of in-
<iu3try, industrial geography, and trade lan-
guage. Add to this free hand and mechanical
drawing. Get your material for language
frow the trades. Correlate physiology with
-athletics. Insist on business forms, business
letter writing, and expl ain checks, drafts, P. 0.
money orders, etc. Read more books on
industry and drop so much fairy story and
high class literature as such reading is for
bDok-minded pupils while your pupils are
hand-minded and will be for the next 200
years. We think the white boy who is not
book-minded is abnormal and we mark him
a failure in school whereas we are beginning
to find out that it is the book-minded after
all that is abnormal as the large majority of
us are hand-minded.
Well, some one says, but you have not
treated of any particular trade, and so I have
not but let us take blacksmithing for an ex-
ample. Gat the material for arithmetic work
on the trade. It won't hurt all your pupils to
do this work and this will be some definite
arithmetic work whereas the work given in
the text may not be. Instead of so much
history of wars and Indian massacres teach
the history of iron and the iron industry. If
you don't have the material for this haunt
your superintendent until he gets it to get
rid of you; then teach for instance the history
of the horseshoe nail and of horseshoe manu-
facturing. Find out how the shoes and nails
are purchased by the school. Get your pupils
to keep a cost account of materials. Keep
their time; study equipment of a shop, as
to tools, fuel, nails, price of machinery, rent,
cost of shoeing a horse, number of shoes per
day, income expected, other shops, etc., etc.
Cooperation with the industrial instructor
will make this possible. But you say this is
not your work. No — you are an academic
teacher and the windows of your schoolroom
are so high you cannot see out. That is the
trouble with the schools today. The school
of the immediate future if it is to be efficient
is to be industrial and we can join the pro-
cession or stand by the roadside and watch
it go by but our choice will determine what
our success is to be. The public declared the
schools a failure. Some of our educators
said: "It ain't so." and went on in the old rut
but others began to wonder if it might not be
true and since then they have attempted to
find out the reasons for the accusation and
they are trying to meet the problems and
the teacher in the Indian school who is alive
should realize that industrial instruction is
her solution to this problem.
I had intended to take up garden making
and its correlation with academic studies
and cotton raising with geography but I have
already taken too much time. I thank you.
Indians G39d Cotton Pickers
Planters in this S3Ction are enthusiastic in
their praise of Indian cotton pickers, and
would not change them for any help that
could be obtained.
They come down from the reservation when
the season opens, pitch their tents near the
cleanliness of the cotten ginned here so far
careful and intelligent workers Much of the
services, and return home. They are steady,
main until there is no further need for their
fields where employment is given them, re-
this year is due to the manner in which they
follow instructions in keeping leaves and
trash from what they pick.
Other pickers are not only no better than
the Indians, but are left in the community
after the crop is gathered, which has possi-
bi iiies of throwing the problem of their main-
tenance during the winter on the people of
the section that employed them. President
W. S. Dorman of the Mesa Egyptian cotton
exchange is a strong advocate of Indian
cotton pickers and is in a position to know
of their value in that capacity to the growers
in this part of the valley, where they have
been used more than in any other district. —
Mesa Tribune.
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Zbe native Hm«ticaB
NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Tucson Indian Training School, Tucson,
Arizona
Bv Special Uojrespondent.
The banl has resumed its practice under
the leadership of Mr. Mariner of Tucson.
An increased water supply for the farm and
the buildini^s has been developed by deepening
two of the wells.
Work on the installation of new plumbing
througiioui both the girls* and boys' dormitory
is to begin very soon.
The school is looking forward with interest
to the work of the football team during the
coming season. Mr. Bickford is coach.
Tucson Indian training school opened Sep-
tember 21. The Pima children came on the
18th to be ready for the first day, while only
few of the Papago arrived before the 21st.
Dr. and Mrs. Record have just returned from
the Pima camp meeting at Casa Blanca. Dr.
Record gave an account of the meeting at the
chapel service this morning, and it was an in-
spiration to hear of that wonderful gathering
of the Indians.
A few new workers have been added to the
faculty. Mr. Spence, a graduate of James
Miliken, is principal teacher. Mr. Bickford,
graduate of Occidental college, is disciplina-
rian. MissAtwater, Wooster School of Music,
has charge of the music department. Mrs.
Whiflfen is children's kitchen matron, and Mr.
Whiffen is nightwatchman.
Mr. Ransier, a graduate of Stout institute
and an experienced teacher, has just arrived
to take charge of the manual training depart-
ment. Li'Ast year the boys made the benches
and the tools were purchased so that the organ-
ization of the department will be completed at
once. A modified form of sloyd will be used.
Ganado, Arizona
Bv Special Correspondent.
Miss Mary Cogan arrived September 5 as field
matron at the Cornfields.
Miss Mary E. Moody, of Keams Canon was
the guest of Miss Sara E.Cochrane a few days
recently.
Ralph Collins, who has been in the store at
this place during the summer, left September
8 to resume his studies at the University of
Kansas at Lawrence. His mother and sister
preceded him about a week. Hubbell Parker
accompanied him as far as Wichita where he
also will resume school.
E.R. and R.G.Chambers, stockmen of Farm-
ington. New Mexico, were business visitors at
Ganado and other points recently.
Rev. and Mrs. L. I. Thayer of Keams Canon
were recent visitors at Ganado on their way to
Gallup, going September 28 and returning
September 30.
John Owens is at present the manager of the
Cross Canyon store, which is one of the stores
operated by C. C . Manning and company, Gal-
lup, New Mexico.
Mrs. Gussie Owsley, the well known teacher
from Phoenix Indian school, was a welcome
visitor recently at Fort Defiance, Ganado,
Cornfields and Keams Canon.
Howard Mans, who has been in the store of
Mr. Hubbell during the summer, resumed study
this year, entering Valparaiso university. He
left September 16 for that point.
Miss Ella Burton, the well known teacher at
the Cornfields, was in attendance at the con-
ference at Santa Fe, returning September 12
and is again at work with her interesting day
school.
Telford Denver, farmer at the Cornfields, ac-
companied by his wife and child, returned to
Fort Defiance September 29 and after his vaca-
tion expects to remain during the winter ai»-
sisting in the work.
J. H. Young and E. D. Sisk, life insurance
agents, the former of Gallup, the latter of
Albuquerque, were at Keams Canon, Ganado,
St. Michael and Ft. Defiance doing business
for the New York L/ife Insurance company from
September 18 to September 25.
The family of Julius Neubert returned from
North Platte, Nebraska, after residing there for
a time and are living near the store at the
Government dam. They are welcome neigh-
bors, having formerly lived at Cross Canyon
^tore which was then operated by Mr. Neubert.
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
Eighth Grade
We had a great blessing last week for we
had a shower of rain which is a good thing for
he farmers and their crops in the Salt River
valley.
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A letter was received from George Paul, a
member of the eighth grade, stating that he
is enjoying himself in San Francisco and will
return to school on the fifteenth of November.
Seventh Grade A
Antonio Martinez is helping survey the sewer
pipe system.
The band is expecting to attend the Pima
Fair at Sacaton this month.
We are very sorry that Mr. Goodman is going
to leave us and sorry to lose him in our Sun-
day school class also.
Sunday, October 4, was set aside by Presi-
dent Woodrow Wilson as a day of prayer for
peace in Europe. Mr. Scottread the President's
proclamation in the auditorium.
Saturday being the first Saturday in the new
month will be the departmental grades' social.
Saturday was the lower grades* social, but on
accouut of bad weather they could not have it.
The two weeks of school just passed seemed
but a few days but when 1 come to think of
what I learned in those two weeks I feel proud
to think that I am here and learning something
new every day.
Mr. Hobson, congressman from Alabama,
delivered a speech on prohibition Sunday
afternoon. Before the speech was delivered
the citizens sang a few songs, and there were
two songs by Miss C. P. Buckingham. Both
speakers and singers were heartily cheered.
The football eleven has been working faith-
fully and they are about ready for a game, al-
though most of them are new men except the
backs and one or two in the scrimmage line.
This season we want everybody to play hard
on the side line and we will try our best to
beat any team that comes against us.
The football boys have been working hard
to help make the school team better than it was
last year. There are some new boys trying
out who are giving satisfaction by showing
their ability and ambition for athletics. Last
night as we were receiving insttuctions for
the week's practice we were surprised by
Coach Geary of the Phoenix high school, who
brought the first challenge. We may not ac-
cept, however, as we have the high school
eleven scheduled for the Turkey day. Every-
body come ont and help encourage the old
home team. ____
Seventh Grade B
The rain we had last week was very good.
The garden was divided up so as to give a
plot to each room aud the pupils finished
planting last week.
I think we will all miss our evening song ser-
vices but are glad to have our afternoon gather-
ings once more.
John Howard is getting to be a good house-
keeper. His room always looks well and we
hope he will make it better.
The choir has been organized again for this
year and we hope to see some new singers next
Sunday on the platform.
I received a letter from Dina McLean, who
is at Flai?staff, stating that they had had a
snowstorm already and the weather was very
cold. She wished to be remembered by many
friends and classmates.
A number of boys and girls went to town
Sunday afternoon to hear Mr. Hobson, con-
gressman from Alabama, give his lecture on
the prohibition question. I was sorry that I did
not stay longer and listen to the talk, but Mr.
Grinstead told us to be back in time for supper
and so we had to come back.
Sixth Grade A
The farm detail is going to make up a foot-
ball squad some time this month.
I have spent the first two weeks of school in
academic and industrial work successfully and
I will try and do a little bit better each day.
We had a heavy rain the last Saturday and
the mornings have been chilly since. Coats
and sweaters are seen all over the campus now.
Yesterday was a day of prayer for peace so
we had a special meeting in the chapeU Dr.
Breid gave us a splendid vocal solo which we
enjoyed very much.
Sixth Grade B
The blacksmith boys are|busy working on a
new farm wagon for the school.
We blacksmith boys are glad to have Mr.
Pfeifer back again in his place.
Major Grinstead took som» officers to town
last week to see the national guards drill.
The rain we had a few days ago was pretty
good and I hope it will help the school garden.
Theodore Johnny is working at the new
building southeast of the school and says that
he likes the job.
I am a new girl at school. Sometimes I get
very lonesome but the girls are very kind to
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me. Lrast week was the first time I ever went
to an Indian school, I like my studies very
well.
We drill every morning before breakfast.
We all hope to make the best showing at the
fair grounds.
We are now having Mr. Scott as our gram-
mar teach<r in Mrs. Owsley's place while »he
is in the Hopi country.
Some of us who did not get to hear Mr.
Hobion, c ingressman from Alabama, were
glad to lisen to Miss Phelps repeat some of
what he s lid.
It was rainy and cloudy Saturday. The
roads were muddy and when Sunday came we
did not have any inspection and that made Ui
girls unhappy.
We are very glad to be back to school again.
We are glad to welcome seven new pupils in
our class. Irene Mayer, is one of them and
she is doing very well.
Sunday all pupils prayed for peace. We
did not pray for the Germans nor did we pray
for the French to win the battle, but we prayed
for them to stop fighting and have peace.
I am glad to be in school again after having
a three months' vacation, and am glad to say
that most of my classmates are back and seven
new pupils in our room. They are doing nicely.
All the classes of the departmental pupils
had their test in spelling lesson for the first
two weeks of school. We sixth grade B pupils
did pretty well but we all expect to do better
next time.
I passed my vacation in lyong Beach, Cal.,
leaving the Phoenix Indian school, May 9th,
Saturday afternoon. After I had settled down I
went in swimming in the Pacific ocean. I
enjoyed swimming better than anything else.
I had a fine time antJ-I tint«k the Superinten-
dent and matrons for letting me go; also Miss
Amanda Chingren, our outing matron.
Fifth Grade A
The school gardens are finished and the rain
came just in time to wake the seeds up.
Yesterday afternoon we went out walking to-
ward the country and we enjoyed it very much.
L,ast Saturday coats were given to Companys
C, D and E for the cool days >^hich will be here
in a short time.
Last week we began our hand movement writ-
ing in Miss Hendrix' room. I will try to make
"my writing better than before.
We are very sorry to hear of the death of
George Kill last week at his home. He was a
school boy here a few years ago.
I am very much interested in my work at the
farm cottage and I hope I'll learn more things.
It is more like home than it is at the building.
The carpenter boys were very busy last week
laying a new maple floor in the shop. It looks
very nice, and one of the boys said that ihcy
were going to have a social in the shop some
time.
I had a letter fromoneof my cousins at Black-
rock, New Mexico. She told me that she was
very glad to go back to school with her two
brothers and she also told me that they had
lots of water in the Blackrock dam.
Fifth Grade B
We are drilling every morning in order to l)e
in good condition when the fair comes.
We fifth grade B pupils like the departmental
work and expect to try our best this year.
I work at the sewingroom in the morning.
We girls are starting to make Co. D girls' dress»es
nt'W.
I am now working at the industrial cottage.
We moved over there Saturday night. I like
to work there.
I am very glad to work in the blacksmith shop
again, but I was very interested in working oa
the farm this summer.
We Mohave- Apaches are very sorry to learn
of George Kill's deaih. He has been sick for
a month and died Saturday morning, September
26. He was one of our schoolmates here at
the Indian school several years ago.
Fifth Grade C
Jennie Parsons says that she is going to
pick a baseball team.
Clifford Otookarow is getting to be a pretty
good football player.
Mi^s Billiard took us industrial cottage girls
out for a walk last night.
Mr. Hob^on said there are 700,000 people die
in one year from using whiakey.
Nellie Morgan says that she is glad that she
works at the industrial cottage.
Oliver Sneed, one of our classmates, is get-
-ting to be a good football player.
Lucy Johnson made a nice cake for the in-
dustrial cottage girls Saturday afternoon.
We fifth C are jTonig to^"have another spell-
ing contest and we hope we'll do better this
time* . .
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l|l|JY first wish is to see this
•^*^ plague to mankind ban-
ished from earth, and the sons
and daughters of this world
employed in a more pleasing
and innocent amusement than
in preparing implements and
vxercising them for the de-
struction of mankind.
GROP.GE WASHINGTON'.
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'NOT FOR SCHOOL. BUT FOR LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 15
October 17, 1914
dumber 34
LACE-MAKING BY INDIAN WOMEN
ELEANOR SICKLER, in Los Angeles Times.
/^ WIDESPREAD awakening of
Americans to the beauty of the
peasant handicraft of the old
world, while creating a demand
in this country for the laces,
embroideries and hand- woven
cloths of other countries, has resulted as well
in a realization of our own poverty in this
regard.
While the koustarng work of Russia, the
French and Irish laces, the wonderful hand-
made rugs and tapestries of Europe have
been finding ready market in the United
States, patriotic patrons of these arts have
deeply deplored the lack of an American
national handicraft.
Among all the beautiful things imported
from other countries, the average woman
looks most longingly at the hand- woven laces
whose exquisite texture and design success-
fully rouse the feminine desire to possess at
least a few yards of **real lace." As she turns
regretfully away from prices prohibitive to
the average purse, what would be her pleasure
could she turn to an exhibition of American-
made laces, no less lovely, durable, chaste
in pattern and design, than those upon which
she has been gazing?
Yet such lace, made of purest linen thread,
woven by patterns obtained from the great-
est lace centers of Europe, is now being made
in the United States, and by a woman of a
class nearest approaching the peasants of the
old world that this country possesses, our own
native Indians.
The Indian woman has always held a sub-
ordinate, ytt curiously important position in
the history of her people. Patient, sub-
missive, shy; homekeeper, mother of many
children, burden-bearer of the race — thus we
picture her. She is all of these, but she is
more; an artisan, a textile worker, and an
artist, she builds from raw materials the
simple equipment of her home, and embel-
lishes her work with color and design deserv-
ing of the name of art.
We are already acquainted with the re-
markable blanket weaving of the Navaho.
The beautiful bead work of the Apache is
equal to anything produced by the French
or Russian peasants. The pottery and basket
work of the various tribes have long excited
the wonder and admiration of those who were
fortunate enough to see them. In these ac-
complishments the Indian woman has em-
bodied in the rude and simple materials at
her command a sense of beauty, an original-
ity of design and an excellence of workman-
ship worthy of a wider field.
Tourists and curio dealers, taking advan-
tage of the natural timidity of these women^
have for years despoiled them giving in ex-
change for the fruits of weeks of patient labor
a mere tithe of its value. This continued un-
dervaluation of their labor finally had the re-
sult to be expected; many ofthe older women
discontinued the work, and the younger
women refused to learn basket and pottery-
making, left idle their drawnwork frames,
and deserted their ancient crafts rather than
to continue what was becoming merely a
sacrifice of toil and a squandering of time.
At this juncture certain iarsighted women
philanthropists introduced as an experiment
the making of laces among the reservations,
beUeving that in this work, so delicate,
tedious and beautiful, the Indian woman
might find satisfactory outlet for her artistic
instinct, and a remunerative occupation
The facility with which the women and
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Zbc "Wative Bmcrican
girls grasped the intricate stitches, and
learned the difficult details, and their anxiety
to be taught, more than justified this belief.
Among those who have made the welfare
of their Indian sisters their own may be
mentioned the name of Mrs. E. C. Sterling
of Redlands, California. Mrs. Sterling travel-
ed through Europe, visiting the famous lace
centers of Ireland, England. France and
Italy. She bought the rarest and finest of
the old patterns that have been in use for
OLD AND NEW OCCUPATIONS OF INDIAN WOMEN.
generations among the peasants of those
countries. When she returned, armed with
these, and with funds furnished by herself
and enthusiastic friends she provided a
lace teacher for the reservation of Soboba,
where the girls are now specializing in the
making of filet lace.
Through the untiring efforts of Mrs. Ster-
ling, the Government has become interested
in the outcome of the lace industry, and a
government lace teacher is installed at the
reservation school at Pala, California. Other
reservations have teachers supplied by
various philanthropic interests, and the
movement is well advanced beyond the
experimental stage.
The girls work both at school and in their
homes, and the older women are able to sit
at their looms and work while they watch
their children at play. At present all lace
is bought from the maker as soon as it is
cut from the loom, and after a few more years
of systematic work shall have put the in-
dustry on a self-supporting basis, a general
supervision only will need be kept, to protect
the worker against the wiles of unscrupulous
traders. Meanwhile, secure of her pay, and
relieved*of all anxiety, the laceworker laughs
and sings and weaves and keeps a watchful
eye on her brown babies, knowing that when
the required twelve yards of each pattern is
finished and cut from the loom, a fair com-
pensation will be hers.
There are at present about eighty different
patterns taught in the schools, among them
filet, Carrick-ma cross, Venetian point, Honi-
ton. Torchon, Brussels, Cluny, Milano, and
Roman outwork. The looms, bobbins, and
thread, the latter imported from Sweden, are
furnished to the women. The lace is after-
ward sold for a price that is equal to that
j)aid the workers, plus the cost of the thread,
thus bringing it within the limits of a very
modest income.
Aside from the economic value of the work,
the moral effect is not to be overlooked. Im-
maculate cleanliness is insisted upon, and the
indescribable influence of contact with fine
linens and delicate laces, which every woman
recognizes; the artistic education sure to ac-
crue from studying and copying the most
perfect designs of European artists, should
certainly be a considerable factor in the
development of this impressionable race.
On account ofthe rigid rules of cleanliness,
the lace when finished is as fresh and im-
maculate as the most fastidious could desire,
and any woman might well be proud to
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pboenix InMan Scbool
459
number one or more of the patt'^ms among
her cherished possessions. It is an axiom
that we cannot benefit one set of persons with-
out benefiting another in greater or less meas-
ure. Thus by encouraging this worthy in-
dustry, we not only place in the hands of our
Indian women a means of self support, but
we bring within the reach of every woman
in the country a reasonable supply of durable
and beautiful real lace, at a price fair alike
to buyer and producer. More than that, by
GROUP OF LACE MAKERS.
placing in those deft and supple fingers a
fitting medium in which to work out their
inherited instincts of beauty and originality,
we may be putting in training artists who
may some day be able to teach the textile
workers of the far east, and who will supply
in richest measure that national handicraft,
the lack of which has caused so many sighs.
The lace making described in above arii( le
was demonstrated at the recent summer
institute at Sherman by Mrs. Ella Osterberg
of Pala, Californifl, and Mrs. E. M. Lawrence
of Soboba, Californid, to enthusiatic classes
of Indian Service workers. — [Ed.]
Indian-Coyote Game
The first football game of the season
showed that the Indians are small compared
to their opponents and inexperienced. Hav-
ing only three or four players who ever
played in a re^ijular game before we have
a good team for they held the strong, ex-
perienced Phoenix high to two touchdowns.
As the Republican said, the Indians
actually looked diminutive alongside the
tall, rangy Coyotes, and as George Burke
expressed it, when jumping about four feet
to get a foward pass and having a tall rangy
Coyote bat the ball out of his reach without
taking a foot off the ground — all George
could say with a smile was: "Too tall."
Yukku, 118 pound?, played right end and
was in all the play?, several times bringing
the heavy 180-pound Brooks down in his
tracks. Francisco, a first year man also,
played the other end. Puella and Listo, new
men, started at tackles. In the second quar-
ter Listo's lip was cracked and he was re-
placed by Flore s who played his usual good
game. Jackson and Otookarow, both new
men, were guards and Quail, who played in
part of a game last year, was center. Butler
at quarter and Burke and I. Anton at half
have played in full games before. Vavages
at full was sub on last year*s team. In the
second quarter Butler was replaced by Marti-
nez who weighs 118 pounds. The Republi-
can described this man as a kid — beyond any
question the kiddiest kid or» either team.
It was a fast game and no one was seri-
ously hurt, time being taken out but a very
few limes.
Mack Setima is now filling an assistant's
position at the sanatorium. Mack has made
his home there for nearly a year recovering
his health and everybody is jilad he has im-
proved sufficiently to work again.
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Zbe Vlative Bmerican
The Native Amekican
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN. Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
eadon and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWKNTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
The band gave a concert Monday evening
at the Y. M. C. A. reception in the city.
Mr. and Mrs. Maurice Eisenhower of the
city were guests of their parents at the club
Sunday evening.
J. W. Moore left Monday with a camp
outfit for the hills where he will spend about
ten days' vacation.
Supt. L. L' Odie of Yuma and Supt. F. A
Thackery of Sacaton were in the city several
days this week on United Slates court busi-
ness.
Dr. Murphy left Friday with Superintend-
ent Thackery and from Sacaton they will
make another trip south into (he Papago
country.
Supervisor Goodall and Engineers Olberg
and Irsfeld arrived Friday morning from the
Papago country. Mr. Goodall left the same
day for Sacaton and Mr. Olberg returned to
Los Angeles.
Emma Roe Shannon and Edward Goodman
came down from Prescott Thursday morn-
ing. Edward stayed long enough really to
see snow, but was not favored with the big
storm he had announced his intention of
waiting for.
August Nahler, who was employed at the
school in 1913, prior to his transfer to Tohat-
chi, New Mexico, has returned to Salt River
valley with the intention of making his
home here. Mr. Nahler resigned from the
service and visited his people in Indiana
for several months before coming back to
Arizona.
The printers played a picked team at
volley ball on Monday.
Mr. Brittingham is filling the position of
nightwatch at the sanatorium.
The boys gave a delightful party Friday
evening in honor of Superintendent and Mrs
Goodman. This was the first real social
event of the school year among the pupils
and was heartily enjoyed by all present
They were assisted in serving refreshments
by several of the girls and matrons.
Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, medical supervisor,
arrived in Phoenix the first of the week from
the Papago country where he had been on
a tour of inspection with Supervisor Good-
all to select sites for the new day schools.
Dr. Murphy lectured to the pupils Wednes-
day evening, giving special emphasis on the
value of cleanliness in preventing and curing
disease.
Supt. W. N. Sickels of Lac du Flambeau
has retired from the Indian Service and come
with his family to Phoenix where he will
make his home on some ranch property
which he has owned for several years. They
found a number of old friends at Phoenix
school and sanatorium who were glad to
welcome them to a permanent residence in
Salt River valley.
A very pleasant event occured Thursday
afternoon when Mrs. Goodman gave a recep-
tion entertaining about one hundred of her
city and campus friends. The house was
decorated with roses. In the receiving line
were Mrs. Goodman, Mrs. Breid, Mrs. Grin-
stead, Miss Shannon of Prescott and Miss
Ridenour of Tempe. Miss Keck and Mrs.
Perkins poured tea and coffee in the^rettily
arranged diningroom where luncheon was
served. The veranda "adjoiningl'the re-
ception rooms on the north proved a cozy
little punch room presided over by Miss
White. Other ladies assisting were Miss
Fowler, Miss Monroe, Miss Percival, Miss
Gould, Miss Hendrix, and Miss Phelps.
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Vboenix Indian Scbool
461
Civil Service Examination
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exami-
nation for manual training teacher, for men
only, on November 18 and 19, 1914, at the
usual places. From the register of eligibles
resulting from this examination certification
will be made to fill a vacancy in this posi-
tion in the Pine Ridge school, South Dakota,
Indian Service, at a salary of $900 per an-
num, and vacancies as they may occur in po-
sitions requirhig similar qualifications, unless
it is found to be in the interest of the service
to fill any vacancy by reinstatement, transfer,
or promotion.
The appointee at the Pine Ridge school.
South Dakota, will be required to take charge
of classes in carpentry and mechanical draw-
ing and to supervise the work in the depart-
ments of steam engineering, blacksmithing,
plumbing, painting, shoe and harness making,
and printing He must be an experienced
carpenter and should have some familiarity
with the work in the other departments which
he will be required to supervise.
These positions oflfer excellent opportunities
for advancement to persons who receive ap-
pointment and prove capable.
Persons who meet the requirements and
desire this examination should at once apply
for Form 1312, stating the title of the exami-
nation for which the form is desired, to the
United States Civil Service Commission*
Washington, D. C , or to the secretary of the
United States Civil Service Commission at
place of examination.
News Tlirougliout tlie Service
The Tule River Indian agency will hold a
fair October 30-31. Besides the exhibit of
all kinds of Indian products and livestock,
there will be roping, riding and broncho-
busting exhibitions. Over one hundred dol-
lars has been offered in premiums.
About 970,000 acres of timber land will
be sold to the highest bidder in eastern
Oklahoma from November 3 to November
12. Auctions will be held at different rail-
road points in the Choctaw nation. The
land contains merchantable pine and hard-
wood, and will be sold in tracts varying from
five to one hundred sixty acres. A sale of
nearly 385,000 acres of segregated coal and
asphalt land from November 16 to Decem-
ber 2, will be conducted in the same man-
ner. Persons unable to attend sales may bid
through authorized agents. Maps and further
information may be obtained by applying to
the superintendent of the Five Civilized
Tribes. Muskogee, Oklahoma.
Special Agent McConihe is in charge of
the Jicarilla agency at Dulce, New Mexico,
since the death of Supt. Ernest 0. Greene
which occurred suddenly July 31.
Francis R Schanck, who has been in the
Indian irrigation office at Los Angeles, is now
assistant supervisor of irrigation and has
reported at the Washington office for his new
duties. Mr. Schanck has stopped at Phoenix
a number of times in the past several years
while going to and from the different Arizona
projects which his office had in charge.
Oldalioina University Indians Organize Club
Students of Oklahoma descent in the Uni-
versity of Oklahoma have organized an In-
dian students' club, formed for the purpose of
securing a larger and more representative
attendance of Indian students from the
various tribes. There are now about thirty
students of Indian blood in the university,
representing five tribes — Cherokees, Chick-
asaws, Delawares, and Shawnees, and many
of them are among the most prominent in
student life.—Shawnee News-Herala,
Miss Katherine Keck has received promo-
tion and transfer to Carlisle and will leave
early in November for her new work. Miss
Keck is exceptionally capable as a domestic
science teacher and has made the depart-
ment under her charge more efficient at
Phoenix school which is indeed sorry to lose
her.
Mr. Shafer andMr.Klingenberg were down
from McDowell Saturday.
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Zbc native Bmetlcaii
Boarding School Menus — How To Improve Them
I have been requested to contribute an
article training upon the affairs of the in-
dustrial schools as I thought might be in-
teresting or instructive, but I never thought
I had anything of the above named to tell
about. However, having served in the din-
ingroom of several schools, the thought has
often conie to me of the sameness of the
menu, and at the same time the difference
between same menu and the food supply of
the camps of the Indians.
In days past my people were engaged in
the hotel business and it was their aim to
vari^ the bill of fare. While of course there
must be the repetition of some foods, let it
be served differently. In other words, dis-
guised so as to tickle the palate. I think
this plan w)uld obtain in the'making up of
a better mess for the little soldiers, as well
as in the employees' kitchen — where the
table is at times very meagre and verp
pruneful.
Conditions have changed in the boarding
schools since I first made my bow among
them— and, happily, for the better. In most
of the schools now are garden stuffs for the
winter stores, and most all schools have dairy
products, eggs, etc., so just taking the above
named those in charge of the kitchen can
have a varied and appetizing table for the
pupils with the same food stuffs if made up
attractively.
It has always been my opinion that the
children lack acids in their daily "eats,"
which accounts for headaches and other slight
indispositions. In a school where there is a
garden give the table a lettuce salad, and
while teaching other important things teach
the children the value of such foods— the
need of healthful acids in the stomach.
A nice and appetizingtway to fix the inevit-
able stewed prune is to cook thoroughly, run
through a collander, or sifter, and add spices,
making a sort of marmelade, or butter, that
goes well with bread. Other dried fruits in
evidence in the schools may be prepared in
the same manner and found very tasty, and
also prove a most agreeable change.
Ttien, why not try catting up an onion or
w 0 in the boiled and roasted meats? Onions
are liked by most everyone, and make a pot
or pan of meat most savory. In the schools
that have butter every other day or so, why
not, on butter days, have a smashing big pan
of corn bread with it? There is the butter-
milk to help make it good, and the butter
makes it a dish fit for a king— the coarse
food is good for the kiddoes. too.
Next the festive bean. Cook them with
an onion or so added to change the flavor,
and here is an inspiration— grind up the
bacon or cured meat that the beans are to be
seasoned with and, lo. the hateful meat is
eaten and the epicurean palate does not rebel
at "that old fat bacon." No waste of any of
the ingredients in a dish of this sort, and
the body building is in its depths also.
Now, the gingerbread, or cake, that seems
to have been incorporated into the Govern-
ment school system at its inception. G inger-
bread is good. I remember, as I write, the
words of an old song: "Of all the cakes my
mother bakes, oh, give me the gingerbread/
But its frequency in its original dress palls
upon the ep.glottis of us all as steady diet,
so when making a pan of it (with the butter-
milk of the corn bread) why not spice it and
put in a couple of cupfuls of stewed and
chopped prunes? A prune ginger bread is
fine and takes the stigma off "guniier cake,"
as the southern mountaineers call it.
These changes will surely be welcome di-
version in the diningrooms of the children,
and with the simple salads obtainable on
school plants today— potato, apple, cabbage,
lettuce and onions. onions in diluted vinegar
will make for an active liver, tone up the
juices of the stomach, and make a more
healthful band of youngsters.
The seductive "greens" make another good
tonic dish and these grow in every school
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Pboenix Indian Scbool
463
I was ever in. Then vary the Sunday dried
apple and dried peach pie with a rice pudding
with ground prunes, raisins or dried currants
generously mixed into it.
Hoping this will be worth publishing, I am,
for the health for the "Future Greats,"
Very truly,
Marion EJ. Wolf,
Field matron. Pit River Indians, California-
— Indian School Journal
Bountiful Crop Year for Carlisle
From a September number of the Arrow
is read an interesting report of the farm
and garden products of Carlisle for last year.
We note especially the following:
The second farm — The wheat and oats
were unusally good and the yield was abun-
dant. There are thirty acres of fine pota-
toes. The large flocks of turkeys and chick-
ens are thriving. The number of eggs gath-
ered have kept the hospital well supplied
throughout the summer.
During the rush of canning, the amount of
corn, beans and tomatoes put up averaged
a hundred gallons a day. Aside from these,
a great many beets, cabbages and carrots
are to be stored away for the students^
winter consumption.
Up to August 29 the kitchen and dining-
room force, with Mrs. Richey and Miss Zea-
mer in charge, assisted by Mr. George and
his boys, had put up for winter use the
following: 257 gallons of corn, 792 gallons of
tomatoes, 1,273 gallons of beans and 200
gallons of cucumber pickles.
Other vegetables keep coming in and the
canning goes on.
The school gardens — Approximately, the
school garden has furnished for the students*
use during vacation the following vegetables:
1,100 ears of sweet corn, 211 bushels of beans,
4,000 cabbages, 3,525 cucumbers, 40 bushels
of lettuce, 2,345 bunches of green onions,
65 bushels of green peas, 500 bunches of
radishes, 1,000 summer squashes, 300 bushels
of tomatoes.
It is estimated that the garden of 20 acres
located on the first farm will yield vegeta-
bles to be stored, canned or pickled for
winter use as follows: 100 bushels of cured
onions, 400 bushels of tomatoes, 200 bushels
of beans, 50 bushels of peas, 5,000 ears of
sweet corn, 70.000 cucumbers, 100 bushels
of lettuce, 100 bushels of radishes, 5,000 win-
ter squashes, 2,000 bushels of beets, 1,000
bushels of turnips, 5,000 celery stocks, 100
bushels of carrots, 10,000 cabbages, 200
bushels lima beans.
Two Battleships Equal One Dreadnought
To replace the two United States battle-
ships Idaho and Mississippi, which were
sold to Greece recently for a consideration
of $12,535,27596. a single dreadnought of
greater displacement and far greater strength
than the two other vessels combined will be
constructed, says the November Popular
Mechanics magazine, in an illustrated arti-
cle.
The two vessels disposed of were comr
missioned in 1908, but despite this they were
considered inadaquate for first line service.
Both vessels are of the same measurements
and strength. Each is 375 feet in length
between perpendiculars, 77 feet broad, has a
normal displacement of 13,000 tons, a full-
load displacement of 14,000 tons, and a draft
of 24.8 feet. Each of them is designed foi*
a speed of 19.57 miles and carries a main
battery of four 12 inch and eight 8 inch guns
in turrets, eight 7 inch guns broadside, and
two submerged torpedo tubes. In contrast
to this, the new ship will have a displace-
ment of 32.000 tons, will be 600 feet in length
between perpendiculars, 97 feet broad and
have a draft of 30 feet. Its armament will
consist of twelve 1 4 inch guns, four submerged
torpedo tubes, a torpedo-defense battery, and
twenty-two 5 inch rapid-fire guns. The three
gun turret arrangement will be followed.
The boat will be an oil burner and have
turbine engines.
Pedro Rodriguez is temporarily filling the
re-established position of tailor at this scbool.
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^be native Bmetican
NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Carson School, Stewart, Nevada
Xt-t (iilii At/it) n (in.
Plans an 1 specitications" have been received
for the new trachoma and tuberculosis hospital
to be erectt 1 nvar tlie •>chool. This is one of the
new hospi' il> provided for in the last appro-
priation bi 1 lo be constructed at a cost not to
exceed $15 (MX). Bids for the contract will be
received in Washington until November 2.
F. W. Ling-, Jr., baseball scout for the Oak-
land Coast league team, has signed Harrv Samp-
son for two years to pitch for the Oakland team.
Harry is a graduate of this school, class of 1913,
and has been working in Reno at his trade of
printing. Lang saw him work in the deciding
contest between the Nevada Packs and the Clio
team. If Sampson faiis to make good the first
season he will get a second tryout.
Flandreau, South Dakota.
yVetkly lierietv.
Superintendent and Mrs. Peirce left Tues-
day morning for Minneapolis for a visit with
relatives. From there they goto several Mon-
tana points.
The addition to the shop building on the
north end is progressing rapidly. This is to be
the new home of the Review and we hope
soon to be snugly quartered.
A number of the band instruments that were
sent off for repairs during the vacation months
have just been received and the band under
the direction of Mr. Schenandore will soon be
organized.
Sherman Institute
Shemum Bull f fin.
During the past summer the school has been
extiemely fortunate in the appointment of its
new employees: Miss Sadie Fleming, formerly
teacher at the Carson school, Stewart, Nevada;
Miss Annie Meyer of Colorado; Miss Jessie
Cook, vocal teacher, formerly of Mount Pleas-
ant, Michigan; Miss Mabel Caldwell of Tulalip,
Washington, and J. R. Wheelock, musical di-
rector, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Cook
was among the first employees of Sherman in
the early days and we are sure that her renewal
of old associates and friends will be doubly
pleasant.
Many former students and employees of Sher-
man will learn with regret of the severance
of Miss Ada Westbrook from the work of the
Y. W. C. A. at Sherman. During the ten years
of her connection with the school in the capac-
ity of representative of the Riverside Churcn
Federation, she has been untiring in her effort
to encourage both boys and girls in the path
of righteousness. Miss Westbrook leaves the
work with a consciousness of the high regard
in which she is held by the employees and
students of the Institute.
Haskell institute
Indian Lewler.
Mr. and Mrs. Clyde Blair of Albuquerque.
New Mexico, are the parents of a baby girl
whom they have named Jane Isabel. Mr. Blair
was a Haskell teachtr before going to the Albu-
querque Indian school as principal.
Superintendent Wise is at the University of
Wisconsin this week attending the conference
of the Society of American Indians As he is
a graduate of that university he is no doubt
meeting many old friends as well as enioyinjf
the conference.
Pine Rid|e. South Dakota
By Special Correspondent.
At the present writing, October 4, we are fa-
vored with a visit from our Commissioner.
All schools on the Pine Ridge reservation wili
open October 5.
Mrs. Harriet Ford, our seamstress, has beeo
transferred to a similar position at Pipestone,
Minnesota. Mrs. K. S. Harvey, having success-
fully passed her examination, has been pro-
moted from the position of baker to that of
teacher of housekeeping.
Mrs. Francis Chapman was recently appoint-
ed to the position of baker.
Mrs. Mary Van Wert is acting temporarily at
children's cook.
Our former disciplinarian, Peter Shields,
visited us recently.
Mrs, Sears, who was transferred from Pipe-
stone recently, reported for duty during the past
week.
Principal Teacher J. B. Shell was in charge
during the recent absence of the principal.
Mrs. E. H. Guthrie and daughter recently
visited Miss Emily Guthrie. Mrs. Guthrie,
whose home is in Chicago, was returning from
Yellowstone Park.
The intermediate room has the interestia^
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465
favor of having- some of the drawing- work dis-
played in the museum of the university of North
Carolina. Their teacher's brother, Dr. L/. A.
Williams, has mounted the specimens sent last
year and asks if more can be sent. Dr. Wil-
liams is head of the department of school ad-
ministration in that school.
Dr. R. Cross arrived at the agency on Sep-
tembers, 1914, and assumed his duties as agency
physician.
Joseph G. Owen, former day school teacher,
has again taken up the work on this reser-
vation at No. 21 day school near Allen.
No. 29 day school, five miles north of Kyle,
will be filled by August Harman and wife.
Mr. Harman was at No. 17 seven jears.
Chas. A. Deeu, for several years teacher at
No. 15 and No. 4, has been transferred from a day
school in Kansas to No. 20, seven miles west
of Allen.
Carlisle Roster of Employees
(Coin-tcted lo Sfptember U, 1014.)
Oscar H. Lipps, Supervisor in charge
Harvey K. Meyer, Secretary
Claud V. Peel, Chief clerk
Will H. Miller, Financial clerk
Sara A. Rice, Stenographer
Lottie Georgenson, Clerk
Mrs. Nellie R. Denny, Manager outing dept.
Marie L/ewis, Asst. clerk
Frederick W. Griffiths,
Disciplinarian and supt. of industries
Leon McDonald, (temporary)
Asst. disciplinarian and band leader
Wallace Denny, Asst. disciplinarian
LK)uis Hathaway, Asst. disciplinarian
lyida M. Johnston, Girls' field agent
D. H. Dickey, Boys* field agent
Matilda G. Ewing,
Matron and supt. domestic departments
Ora L. Knight, Asst. matron
Mary R. Austin, Asst. matron
Susan ^earner, Asst. matron
John D. DeHuff, Principal teacher
(Vacant) Music teacher
Angel DeC. Dietz, Teacher native Indian art
Wm. H. DietZt Teacher mechanical drawing
Bessie B. Beach, I^ibrarian
Mrs. E. H. Foster, Teacher
Hattie M. McDowell, Teacher
Roy I/. Mann, Teacher
Clara Donaldson, Teacher
Margaret Roberts, Primary teacher
Gwen Williams, Teacher
Idilla M. Wilson, Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
. Business teacher
Teacher
Physician
Nurse
Storekeeper
Asst. storekeeper
Instructor in printing
Printer's clerk
Instructor in bakery
Emma C. lyovewell,
A. Belle Reichel,
Margaret M. Sweeney,
Clara Snoddy,
Sallie E. Hagan,
Mariana Craig Moore,
lyucy A. Case,
Walter Rentorfi^,
Anna G. Wylde,
Sames E. Kirk,
Overton L. Bunrey,
Arthur G. Brown,
John B. McGillis,
Raymond Renker,
Wm. Shambaugh, Instructor in blacksmithing
John Herr, Instructor in carpentry
H. Gardner, Instructor in carpentry
Christian W. I^eib, Instructor in dairying
Harry F. Weber, Instructor in engineering
William B. Gray, Instructor in farming
J. Ed. Snyder, Asst. instructor in farming
George Abrams, Instructor in horticulture
Harry B. L^amason, Instructor in masonry
C. H. Cams, Instructor in painting
William Nonnast, Instructor in tailoring
M. L,. Lau, Instructor in carriagemaking
John Boltz, Instructor in shoemaking
Robert B. George, Instructor in tinsmithing
Ella Albert, Instructor in laundry
Mrs. Ida Boger, Asst. in laundry
(Vacant) Asst. in laundry
Mrs. B. Canfield, Instructor in sewing
Elizabeth Searight, Asst. in sewing room
Mary Yoos, Asst. in sewing room
Ella Allen, Asst. in sewing room
Geo. I^. Gottwerth, Fireman
John Albright, I^aborer
Clement Hill, Indian assistant
Juan Guterres, Indian assistant
Zepheniah Simons, Indian assistant
Mrs Mary F. Gunderson, Cook
Mrs, Sadie E. Richey, Asst. cook
Elizabeth S. Wilder, Hospital cook
George Foulk, Teamster
Edward Corbett, Night watch
Jacob Shearer, Night watch
Proposals for Hospitals
Department of the Interior,
Office of Indian Affairs.
Washington, D. C, September 23, 1914.
Staled proposals, plainly marked on the out-
side of the sealed envelope: ''Proposals for
Frame Hospitals" and addressed to the ''Com-
missioner of Indian Affairs, Washington, D. C.,*'
will be received at the Indian Office until 2
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^be native american
o'ciock p. n. of November 3, 1914, for furnish-
ing materials and labor for the construciion of
frame hos])itals at the Indian agencies at Pima
and San X vier, Arizona; Carson, Nevada; Mes-
calero, New Mexico; Turtle Mountain, North
Dakota, and Blackfeet, Montana, in strict ac-
cordance with the plans, specifications and
instructioi's to bidders, which may be examined
at the Di.ited States Indian warehouses at
Chicago, Illinois; St. Louis, Missoui i; Omaha,
Nebraska, ;ind San Francisco. California, and
at the sev ral Indian schools. For additional
informati< 11 application should be luadt' to the
superintei dents of Indian ^.chools as follows:
Pima school, Sacaton, Arizona; San Xavier
school, Tucson, Arizona;Carson school, Stewart,
Nevada; Mescalero school, Me>-calero, N«\v
Mexico; Turtle Mountain school, Beloourt.
North Dakota, and l^lackf eet si-hool, Browning
Montana. CATO SIOT.LS,
C<Mn ini>-.iont"r.
Employees of Otoe, OKIahoma, School
Supt?rinL('ii(lent
Clerk
Clerk
CAvvk
Teacher
Tea^ her
Matron
Industrial t<'neher
Ivauntlrt^ss
Seamstress
General mechanic
Farmer
Agency fanner
Kngineer
Laborer
School cook
Policeman
(ieor^e A. Hoyo,
M. J. Pleas,
Lida W. Barnes,
C. (r. Morris,
Delia A. Morton,
Margaret Hamil,
M.irv McCormick,
Roy Burgess,
Lillian E. Boyer,
Louisa E- Ferguson,
D. H. Boyer,
Homer Polk,
Clarence L. Lawrence,
William P. Ellis,
William M. Dillingham,
Isa D. Dillingham.
Hermati Little Crow,
Anadarko, Oklahoma
Home mi'l i^i-lnml.
The department is promoting Mr. McGregor
of Rainy Mountain school. But in doing so
the Kiowa are regretting the loss of their
school principal. It is nearly five years since
Mr. McGregor took charge of the school at
Rainy Mountain. He has put himself wholly
into the task. He has been awake to the needs
of each boy and girl in his field, watching over
th^m as much as possible even during the
vacation period. As a result, he is well ac-
quainted with the home needs of his fields and
tries to keep in sympathetic touch all along
the line. Mr. McGregor has been able to dis-
cern right and wrong; good and evil; he ha*
loved the truth and the light. As such he
has been a school principal of high order
and is truly worthy of promotion. But the
Kiowa and his associates do not enjoy the
thought of losing him from this field. He
goes to Rosebud, South Dakota, to have charge
of the ichool among the Sioux at that aKeucy.
Charles Eggers, our genial supervi!>ing- prin-
cipal, has been detailed to Rainy Mountaiij
school durinj; the limeof wailing for a successor
to Mr. McGregor. The change is lo lak e plav-e
this week. We congratulate Rosebud schor>l
and trust that Rainy Mountain school may n«'*
lose utterly in the change.
Burgess Hunt brou^'ht us news of the death
of Caddo Jake. On September !(> he pa.s^ed
away at his home, being about l()r> \ear:» old.
He has b^-en a prominent tigure in the allair-*
of the (\id(lo Indians for many year^. Ht
often told of "llie time wheti the stars *eir*
'is.v^i for he wa» a man then. On Monday,
September 21, many" of the Caddo met at :!>•
home of okl man Snow Chief and held a \)\^
dinner a memorial service in honor of itT^
old dead chief.
Kiowa agency exhibit at Oklahoma t'i*v
lacked twelve points of winning the fir>t prize
for Indian agricultural exhibits. The editor
does not know just where the judges found our
exhibit behind Union agenc)'. But he knows
that blame must come back to each Apache.
Kiowa, Comanche, Wichita and Caddo Imlian
farmer. Some of you men and women di«I
good work and helped make a very fine exhibit.
But some were not ready. You brought nothing
for exhibit and so our exhibit lacked the
variety, the help of your work. There i> i;reat
praise for the men and women who helped out.
There is hope thai each person will do better
next year. But let us all begin to get ready to
do something nextyear. If we all pull together
we can easily lead. We must learn about
"divei^sified" farming.
Chemawa,Oregon
Great changes and improvements are in con-
templation and under way at the power plant.
Big engines, dynamos, etc., are soon to be in-
stalled, the boilers to be overhauled and re-
paired, and many other features added for the
betterment of everything. Work at sihkine
new wells has beeti in progress for some time
and it is hoped that they will soon be spout-
ing water.
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'NOT FOB SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Dwoied to Indian Education
Volume 15
October 24, 1914
9fymber 35
I SAN CARLOS RESERVATION 1) ^
T'HE San Carlos division of the
Wnite M mntain reservation or,
as it is commonly called, the
San Cirlos reservation, com-
poses 1,834,240 acres, of whicth
approximate. y 11 1,000 acres are
covered by dense pine forests.
The agricultural area is limited to the
The Indian farms produced this year crops,
to the value of $32,000. consisting of corn,
wheat, alfalfa, melons and vegetables.
There aie carried on the agency census
rolls 2,608 names of San Carlos, Coyotero,
Tonto and Mohave Apache Indians, of whom
about 2,000 residt ptrn^greilly en the reser-
vation. The \pache Indians aie splendid
Government Saw Mill &t San Carlos
narrow valleys along the San Carlos and
Gila rivers, where about 1,428 acres are
under cultivation, with about 7.200 acres in
all susceptible of cu'iivaiion by irrigation
with proper development of water resources.
The 1 1 lia i 035 -e has promised a portion of
its corps of reclamaiioti engineers for ihe
purpose of developing the wjter supply.
This work will begin at an early date.
workers, but unforlunafdy the (ulapri drink
habit sadly interferes with their ptopiess.
The reservation is practically felf-^ustainT
ing; that is, the revenues derived from grazing
and other fees equal the ordinary expendi-:
tures, exclusive of the Rice indeiendfnt
boarding school. The total leveiiuts for the
fiscal ye^r 1914 were $73,581.36 of which
$61,741.50 was derived fi omgrt zing permits*
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474
^be Dative Bmcrican
From these revenues over nine-tenths of the
reservation and day school expenses are n)et.
The San Carlos Indians are not, therefore, a
heavy charge upon Congressional appro-
priations.
Approximately 1,080,000 acres are under
grazing permit, with approximately 44,000
head of cattle grazing thereon, exclusive of
Indian cattle, while about 750,000 acres are
ressrved for the Indian stock.
There are on the reservation 110 miles
of roads used by the nublic. which were built
Unfortunately, there is no appropriation
for the necessary road between the bridges,
which it is estimated by the state engineer
will cost $75,000.
During the past year the work of home
Prize Winning Saddle Horses at San Carlos Fair
building for the Indians has made good prog-
ress. Twenty houses for as many Indians
were built at the cost of $500 each, on the
reimbursable plan.
The San Carlos day school has a capacity
Hunting Deer on San Carlos Reservation
and are maintained mainly at the expense
of the reservation. The state and counties
have heretofore failed or refused to take over
these roads, notwithstanding property on the
reservation to the approximate value of one
and a half millions of dollars is taxed by both
state and county.
Two steel bridges have just been erected
on the reservation at a total cost of $53,600,
completed within the past month. One is
across the Gila river and one across the San
Carlos river, about nine miles apart.
Chapel at San Carlos
of 100 pupils. It opened September 14 and
had its full complement of pupils in attend-
ance on the second day. The average attend-
ance of this school last year was 99.5 per
cent.
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pboenix Indian Scbool
' The day school force is as follows:
W. E. Snook, Principal teacher
Rose Snook. Teacher
Grace S. Colvin, • Teacher
E^mma S. Sullivan, Teacher of housekeeping^
Mabel Pooler. Housekeeper's assistant
Margaret B, Herman, Nurse
Hattie Harney, . Nurse
A new day school plant, with a capacity
of fifty, is nearing completion at Bylas, a
farm station on the reservation twenty-five
miles east of the agency.
During the past year there was purchased
for the Indians as tribal property 1,000 heif-
ers, 80 bulls and 40 stallions, besides a large
planed lumber, 44,442 feet of siding and
ceiling and 672,000 shingles. ^^
The grist mill ground 51,175 poQnds of
flour for the Indians and 61,296 pounds fojfi
the agency last year. It rolled 260,000
pounds of barley. '•>
The Indians have about 2,500 head of
cattle and thousands of ponies. They are,
"pony poor."
KOSTKR OK KMPI^OYEKS
A. L*. Lawshe, Superintendent
H. D. Lawshe, Clerk
F. Robbing, Financial clerk
Irene (rr-ibf, (temporary) Clerk
Ur. M. Herman, Physiciln
I
Section of San Carles School Display at Indian Fair
machinery and ai^JricuUural
quantity of
equipment.
In addition to the usual line of industrial
shops, the agency has a grist mill, equipped
to grind wheat and corn and roll barley. It
is operated in connection with the water
pumping system and ice plant.
' The agency saw mill, located in the forest
thirty-six miles from the agency, operaies
throughout the year, giving employment to
ei*ht I idiaas with an engineer and sawyer
in charge. The saw mill last year produced
2i95,000 feet of tough and 99,113 feet of
Ida R. Williams,
Jessie G. Perkins,
Perry McMurren,
H. E. Youn^,
Austin G. Gray,
D. N. Wyant,
A. P. Vaughn,
J. N. Edwards,
Lee Hickman,
R. D. Rowley,
J. F. O'Leary,
E. C. Hill,
Albert Crockett,
Robert Roy,
Field matron
Field matron
Head farmer.
Farmer Peridot district
Farmer Bylas. district '
General mechanic^
Engineer and miller*
Engineer and saw'yeri
Forest guard ^
Forest guard
Forest guar^ '
Superintendent of liv«»stock^
Stocknnran,'
Stock'dian*
INDIANS -I
Blackfemrth
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Zbc "native Bmerican
Neil.
Robert McAdoo
Ned Harry,
Glen I^uce,
Etfdward Hatyalo,
Ed. Eskelsehin,
Cun,
Wood Naschozey,
Roland Fish,
Henrj Chilchuana,
t#aborer and acting- interpreter
Gfttohe. Line rider
Fireman
Harnessmaker
Assistant blacksmith
Teamster
Laborer
Laborer
Laborer
Laborer
Laborer
Dan Gusejun,
Iltsanato,
Kicayari,
Lee Phillips,
James Smiley,
Line rider
Herder
Forest g^aard
Forest guard
Forest guard
During the past three years all of the cot-
tages for agency employees were rebuilt aod
the surrounding grounds parked. San Ca^
los is now classed as one of the most pro-
gressive and beautiful reservations m the
state of Arizona. .
Apache Irrigators
t
I
RICE STATION SCHOOL
The Rice Station school has the name—
and justly — of being one of the prettiest little
fichools in the service. It stands on a small
plateau just above the San Carlos river backed
by a somewhat formidable old hill whose
rugged sides ring often with the voices of
children, ard looks away on the east across
a narrow valley to a range of mountains
whose beauty of form and coloring can be
appreciated only by those who live long be-
neath their silent guard.
The buildings, numbering about a dozen,
H
are of white tufa, a milk white stone
that is quarried near the school. It is easily
worked and makes an attractive and practi-
cable building stone for this mild climate.
The several buildings, low, spacious and
with an air of the monastery about tbeox
form a hollow square, with green lawns,
flowers and many fine old trees to add cbarm
to the picture.
The school accommodates 216 children,
an equal number of boys and girls, and
during the school year is always full Father
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471
and Mother Apache are not entluisiastic be-
lievers ia aay edicithnal institution, but
since the big chief in Washington insists, for
some mysterious reason, that their offspring
be educated, why the nearer the home camp-
fires the belter. S) the San Carles day
school stfUids first in their preference — the
Rice Station b )arding school second. And
indeed the liiile school associates itself very
closely wiih the oarents and pe(»ple of its
pupils. Never a day passes that some home-
sick little newcomer does not, between bells.
find it possible to run home for a few mo-
ments or at least to hwe a visit over the
The consequence is a growing confidence in
the institution among the old Indians, and,
it is hoped, a gradual breaking down of the
prejudice among them against education in
general.
The school was opened in the fall of 1900
with an enrollment of about 200 full blood
Apache. The superintendent was Robert
A. Cochran to whose able and enterprising
service, as well as that of what must have
been a particularly efficient corps of em-
ployees, a generous part of the success of the
school is due. He was followed in 1904 by
Dr J. S. Perkins whose superintendency has
Rice Station School, Arizona
school fence with mother or grandmother,
while Sunday always finds the school lawns
bright with the gay colors of the camp In-
dians* native dress.
A drawback, you suggest, to the advance-
ment of the school children? Perhaps. But
mother love was here on earth long before
boarding schools were dreamed of, and it is
with a view to propitiating this natural de-
mand and with a hope of raising the stand-
ard of living among the camp homes as well
as within the school gates that this leniency
toward the parents of the pupils is indulged.
been on a par with that of Mr. Cochran.
He is still at the head of the scho »l, and with a
corpsofabout twenty-five employeesis mak-
ing the reputation of the institution to read
not alone "one of the prettiest schools in
the service" but "one of the best."
The Nez Perce Indian contains news of
the death of Jane Hayes on October 9. Jane
spent last winter here at tne sanatorium,
and we are very sorry to hear of her death.
She was the daughter of Rev. James Hayes,
one of the leading Nez Perce preachers.
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Sbe native Bmertcan
.The Native Amekican
^Eitfered.at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN. Superintendent
Ah Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
cation ,and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
llnited States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
(___:
TWKNTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
. Miss Snowden is on duty again at the
cgiinatorium after a few weeks* rest.
^ The Salvation Army conducted the general
afternoon service for the children Sunday.
Some new porch rockers are a great im-
provement to the comfort and appearance
of the club porch.
Laura Anton, one of the outing girls who
has been at the eye hospital, returned last
week to her home at Sacaton.
Helen Oliver and Wenema Posey enter-
tained their class from the Presbyterian
Sunday school last Saturday afternoon.
Mr. and Mrs Sickels and family are spend-
ing a few weeks with Mr. and Mrs. Arthur
Elliott at the sanatorium while residence
quarters are fitted up for them at their new
home.
The painters have been busy for more
than a week at the employees' club. Several
of the rooms on the second floor have been
repainted, besides the lower halls and sitting-
room.
Dr.Murphy, medical supervisor, and Super-
intendent F. A. Thackery of Sacaton arrived
In Phoenix Wednesday ni4ht after spending
' the best part of a week in the Papago country
on official business.
The stringed quartette from the Raja Yogi
school at Point Loma, California, was at the
' scljool^ Monday morning and rendered a shoi t
but very fine program in the auditorium,
'*Jhey were in the city with Madame Tingley,
Tounder of the school, who came here to make
a speech against capital punishment.
Joe W. Moore has been enjoying a visit
from his brother and several friends from
Texas.
Dr. and Mrs. A. E. Marden entertained at
luncheon on Friday Superintendent and Mrs.
C. W Goodman, Miss Emma R Shannon, Dr.
Joseph A. Murphy and Dr. W. J. Lanaban.
Dr. and Mrs. Jacob Breid entertained at
dinner Friday evening Dr. and Mrs. A, E.
Marden and daughters. Miss Katherine
Keck. Dr J. A. Murphy, Dr. W. J. Lanaban
and Supt. F. A. Thackery
Mrs. Francisco Harvier of Sacaton who
was operated on at the Sisters' hospital in
Phoenix last week is making satisfactory
recovery. This will be good news to Mrs.
Harvier's friends as she is one of the lead-
ing women among the Pima.
E. C. Santeo was over from Mesa to bring
back a school boy who was absent without
leave. Mr. Santeos ability along this line
does not seem to diminsh, although he has
been out of disciplinarian work for several
years, and a boy who gets by Mesa when he
is over in that direction stands a good show
of making only a short call on homefolks.
Dr. Lanahan lectured to the children
Thursday evening on "Teeth and Their
Care," and laid special emphasis on the ne-
cessity for cleanliness in properly preserving
the teeth. The boys and girls are provided
with toothbrushes and proper dental powder
and are now starting the term with teeth
in good shape and should use every precau-
tion to keep them clean.
The moving picture '•eel "Ten Nights in a
Bar Room" was shown in the school dining
room Wednesday evening bv courtesy of Sec-
retary Blair of the Y. M. C.A. who has been
pre^enting it this week in the city to large
audiences for the strengthening of the stale-
wide prohibition movement. The free-will
offering made by the Indian school audience
amounted to nearly fifty dollars which will
go to aid the temperance cause that means
so much to the Arizona Indian,
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Mark Hanna of Supai Canyon entered
scho >1 this week.
C. H. Dixon has taken temporary charge
of the bakery since the resignation of Jose
Lewis.
Work on the new domestic science build-
ing is progressing and the outer walls for
the first floor are finished.
The superintendent of industries is fitting
up work benches and drawing board- for the
class in mechanical drawing which will
occupy the old manual training room.
Ernest Rouse has returned to the sanatori-
um bringing wiih him James Evans, another
Yankton Sioux boy. Ambrosio Lusardi of
Pala, Caiifurnia. has also returned to the
sanatorium.
Mrs. E. W. Liwrence returned from the
city Tuesday with her young son, George C.
Lawrence, and has received a number of
callers to make the acquaintance of the
new campus baby.
Mr. and Mrs. Percival entertained Mr.
and Mrs. Oliver, Mrs. Wittenmyer, Ruth
Wittenmyer and Ruth Percival at dinner
on Monday evening in honor of Mr.
Percival's birthday.
Dr. and Mrs. E. V. L. Brown of Chicago
were interested visitors on the campus last
Wednesday. Dr. Brown is a prominent eye
specialist. They had gone to San Francisco
expecting to sail for Japan but found their
steamship passage cancelled on account of
the European war and are returning home
by the southern route.
. The Sacaton fair next week will be the
big event of the year among the Pima In-
dians and a large attendance is expected.
The Phoenix Indian school band goes over
to furnish music during the entire celebra-
tion and a number of outside visitors will
be at the agency headquarters to see what
the Pima are doing in agricultural and
domestic arts.
Coe-Etlis
On Wednesday afternoon at 2 o'clock oc-
curred the marriage of Percy T. Goe cf
Plioenix and D)ra Jaan Ellis of Saltriver.
The groom is a brother of Supt. C E. Coe of
Salt River reservation and is connected with
a local railway office. The bride is the
daughter of Dr. and Mrs. C. H. Ellis who for
a number of years have had charge of the
Presbyterian mission work among the Salt
River Pima Indians. Dr. Ellis performed the
ceremony.
Both young people are exceptionally esti-
mable in character and have the best wishes
of many friends. They are living on West
Madison street in the prettily furnished
bungalow which Mr. Coe had ready for his
bride.
My First Boat Ride
Bu Jennu Parsons, Sixth Grade B.
My first ride on a boat was on the Pacific
ocean at Long Beach, California. We took
the boat at the end of Long Beach pier about
eleven o'clock, going to San Pedro, the har-
bor of Los Angeles. At first I was scared to
death, as the sea was rough, but afterwards
I enjoyed it very much. When we got to
San Pedro I saw some very large steamers
come into the harbor, some from New York
through the Panama Canal and from other
parts of the world.
Well, I saw so many things that interested
me, but I can't tell you all. My second trip
in the boat was to Santa Catalina, an island
about 27 miles south of Long Beach. This
time I went at nine o'clock. When we
started out the sea was smooth as glass, but
after we had got to the middle the water be-
gan to get rough again. Then the people
began to get pale and sick. We saw three
whales while on our way. One of them was
about fifty yards away from the boat. It
came right out from the water and went in
again, sj I saw the whole thing but I can't
tell how large it was, I saw so many things
after I landed on the island and I enjoyed
my trip.
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Ube Dattve Btnetican
I
CAMP VERDE SCHOOL
Camp Verde Indian school is located in the
beautiful Verde valley at the old Camp Verde
military p )st. It is thirty-two miles east of
Cherry Creek station, our railroad shipping
point, and twenty-two miles south of Clark-
dale, oar nearest railroad station.
There are under Camp Verde jurisdiction
about 450 M )have and Tonto Apache, a small
remnant, with their descendants, of ihe band
of Indians wlio originally occupied this val.ey.
E
the United States military service as scouts*
and assisted in the "round up" of Geronimo
and his warring band of Chhicahua Apache.
Many of these old scouts who have done
from four to five years of military service
are still Jiving and are quite proud of their
service under General Crook.
I am told by these old people that they
stayed at San Cirlos a number of years,
that during their residence there very many
Indian Corn Field at Camp Verde
It has been the common but erroneous be-
lief that these Indians belong and have rights
on the San Carlo? and Fort McDowell reser-
vations, but the facts are that between twen-
ty-five and thirty years ago this band was
moved out of this valley to the San Carlos
reservation where they were held as a means
of safety to the whites who desired to settle
the vdUay. Many of these Indians joined
of them had died, and that most of
their children had died there; that the
'*Great Spirit" finally looked down on them
in great pity on account of so many deaths
and told ihem they might come back to the
Verde valley and always live tnere. Ac-
cordiagly they went to the "captain** at Sao
Carlos, asked for and received passes, came
back home, and have lived here ever since.
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They have no reservation here, or else-
where for that matter, and no land except
-eighteen acres which was bought for them a
few years ago. They claim Camp Verde as
their residence, living in their tepees on the
dry mesas of the public domain.
As opportunity for work presents in differ-
ent sections or the various mining towns they
move to that vicinity and stay while the work
lasts. At the present time about 75 men
are on the pay rolls of theClarkdale Improve-
ment company, engaged in the building of
the new mining town of Clarkdale and the
construction of the great new smelter there.
quarters as is all other Government business
in this jurisdiction.
However, better conditions are hoped for
as we now have an appropriation of $20,000
for purchase of land for a home for these
Indians, and I desire, in behalf of the em-
ployees and especially the Indians, to extend
sincere thanks to the Indian Bureau and to
Congress for this very liberal consideration.
We hope to prove worthy of this favor.
At present we have seven employees — su-
perintendent and physi'^ian, two teachers,
housekeeper and three policemen.
The stock industry among these Indians is
Apache Camp, Arizona
They are good workers and I am told stand
in high favor with their employers. Others
of them work for the ranchers of the valley
and still others at Fossil Creek for the Arizona
Power company, and others work at Mayer
and Prescott. The women are engaged in
basket making usually.
Notwithstanding the great poverty of
these people, I think they are the most pro-
gressive bunch of Apache I have ever seen.
We have two day schools for these people,
with about seventy pupils in attendance.
One school is at Camp Verde and one at
Clarkdale. Both are conducted in rented
practically nothing. A few of them have
some ponies running on the range but
as the Indian stands a very small show
in competition on open range with his white
brother, his herds seldom increase very
rapidly. Unfortunately, for the Indian at
least, it seems to be a fact that though the
white man occupies with his farms and
his herds the lands formerly owned or held
by these Indians, many of them seem to
think that the Indian has no rights on earth
at all. I have never seen any people in
whom the love of home was greater than it
is in the American Indian.
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476
^be Bative Bmccican
The New Englander who is still living on
the old homestead which was settled by his
ancestors who"came over in the Mayflov^er"
can give you the history of his ancestors from
that date to this, but he has no greater love
and reverence for his home than has the
Apache Indian. Can we then blame or
censure him for insisting on living in the land
of his birth, which was also the home of his
ancestors for generations, even though that
land has bden wrested from him by superior
strength a:id to him despoiled by a civilization
of which he knew nothing and which meant
his ultimate extermination. While I am on
this digression let me say that we who occupy
and reap the benefits from this land taken by
force from the Indian's band, should be chari-
table enough freely to allow him to erect
his tepee on a dry barren hillside, and eke
out his existence as a day laborer. Let
us be humane to that extent that if we cao
not or will not lift him up, we at least will
not help further to degrade him.
ROSTER OF BMPI^YEES
Dr. Joe J. Tajlor, Supt. and phjsician
Miss Mamie WencheU, Camp Verde teacher
George W. Might, Clarkdale teacher
Housekeeper
George Williams, Policeman
Jim Ketchum, Policeman
Jack Tonto, Policeman
r
jlFORT APACHE RESERVAT10NJ|
>«k I
The White Mountain Apache Reservation
is located in the southern part of Navaho,
southwestern corner of Apache and north-
eastern part of Gila counties, 86 miles from
Holbrook, and 65 miles from Rice Station,
the nearest railroad point.
The total area of the reservation is 1,742-
220 acres. The nori hern and eastt r n sections
of the reservation are covered with a dense
growth of timber, pine and cedar and other
valuable varieties.
There are valuable coal mines on the north-
ern part of the reservation and considerable
deposits of gold and copper are found in
different localities on the reservation.
The total agricultural land is less than 3,000
acres and almost tjie entire area of the res-
ervation is used for grazing, the largest part
of which is leased by white permittees yield-
ing the tribe as a whole about $65,0U0 per
year. The estimated total value of the res-
ervation is about nineteen millions of dollars.
The tribe comprises 2,495 Indians, living
in bands designated by letters of the alphabet
from A to Z, which bands are scattered over
the reservation.
Agriculture is practiced on a small scale
and is not sufficient for the support of the
tribe. The chief industry is cattle mising
However the Indians have not a suflBcient
number of cattle to take up the range that
is set aside for the grazing of their cattle, the
total number being only 6,736 head. They
also have 8,030 head of horses and burros.
The Apache all live in tepees built of poles
covered with long grass and reeds. Their
food consists principally of beef, simple bread,
tortillas and coffee. Most of the Apache
men wear long hair and dress in citizen
clothes, except for buckskin moccasins. The
women wear short skirts, a shirt or piece of
cloth thrown over their shoulders, and n.occa-
sins.
The capacity of the schools on the reser-
vation, Cibecue, Canyon and East Fork doy
schools and the Fort Apache Indian s( hool,
is only 320 pupils, which is not adequate to
accommodate the number of children of
school age on the reservation but a consider-
able number are physically disqualified fo*-
school attendance. The added capacity of
fifty pupils which the boarding school will
accommodate when the buildings now under
construction are completed will probbbly
be sufficient for all children who are really,
able to attend school. r
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The school plant is being rapidly improved
by the addition of a new school building and
assembly hall, boys' dormitory, hospital,
several cottages and the remodeling of the
present mess building, also the present
school and assembly hall into a pupils' din-
ingroom and kitchen. New laundries and
bath houses are being erected at the dif-
ferent day schools, adding greatly to the effi-
ciency thereof.
The average elevation of the reservation
is 5,600 feet, and the cool summers and mild
winters make the location quite desirable,
though it is somewhat isolated.
Lillian Peters,
Ida Shrive r.
Jay R. Browning:,
Katherine V. Smith,
Myra V. Dodson,
Carrie Eskismantale,
Dolah Moyah,
Albert L/Upe,
Chester Gatewood,
Pedro L/. Martinez,
Ernest R. McCray,
Samuel V. Peters,
Claude E. Thompson,
Roger V. Parlett,
Fleming Lavender, Shoe
L. A. Caloway,
George M. Nyce, Deputy
Housekeeper
Housekeeper
Disciplinarian
Asst. matron
Seamstress
Asst. cook
Nightwatchman
Baker
Asst. engineer
Printer
Clerk
Issue clerk
Asst. Clerk
Physician
and harness maker
Wheelwright
supervisor forestry
Fort Apache Indian School, Whiicrivcr, Arizona
ROSTBR OP
William M. Peterson,
Sue M. Cullen,
Ellen L. Kendall,
Mollie B. Griffith,
Florence E. Peterson,
Belle McCue,
Mrs. Lillie Penrod,
Mary P. McCray,
Sherwood Heckrotte,
Jesse E. Williams,
John B. Peters,
Harrison C. Weston,
William B. Shriver,
Carrie B. Weston,
EMPIX>YEES
Superintendent
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Matron
Laundress
Cook
Asst. matron
Engineer
Teacherof agriculture
Teacher of day school
Teacher of day school
Teacher of day school
Housekeeper
William A. Lee,
William Ladd,
Walter D. Williams,
John B. Brown,
George W. Meskimen,
Ward C. Cramer,
George W. Richardson,
Walter Wanslee,
George Stephens,
Ella M. Walworth,
John C. Tyler,
William E. Baldwin,
Otto Woelfel,
Dell Penrod,
Hoke Smith,
John Dodson,
Supt
Farmer
of livestock
Stockman
Stockman
Sawyer
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Camp matron
Forest guard
Forest guard
Teamster
Teamster
Asst. clerk
Carpenter
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478
XLbc Vlattve Bmctiaui^
Grotla,
Peter Sanchez,
Rivera Lfav;;ader
Goklisch,
Nactiu,
Joe Pinal,
Taystaj,
Archie Mike,
Calvin Tesler,
Daniel Nahdsahslay,
David Gre.irg",
hogger
Carpenter
Blacksmith
Lal>orer
Asst. sawyer
Asst. sawyer
As?»t. sawyer
Patrolman
Forest ^uard
Forest jfuard
Forest g-uard
Gray Oliver,
Chief of polioe
Pen Mosiby,
Private
Lambert I. Store,
Private
Paelzote,
Private
Lawrence Za^atah,
Private
Zheday^^uripe,
Private
Jcigo Procior,
Sebfela^sy,
Mosbv,
Kaytojffiry,
Frank Pinal,
Private
Private
Judge
Judge
Private
John Williams,
Private
Apache Dwellings, Arizona
NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Chemawa, Oregon
Chemaica Auicric.an.
B. F. Til j.iipson, school farmt?r, recenily re-
signed.
Mrs O. D. Carey is temporarily fiU.ng^ the
place of outing" girls' matron.
Miss Marian Sken.indore was recenily trans-
ferred from the position of outitip: girls' matron
here to thai of laundressat Flaiidreau Insiitute.
U. L/. CUrdy and family have gone to Fort
Apache, in the White River district, Arizona,
where Mr. Clardy has a position as issue clerk.
The southern p )sitioii was accepted ou account
of the heali hof little Bettie, adaughter. Many
friends will be pleased to hear that the family
has health, success and happiness in the new
environment.
More than 3,000 jars of fruit were canned at
the suuh ins' kitchen this season for the pupils
during the ensuing school year.
A special congressional appropriation of ?W-
000 has enabled us to lemodel aud enlarge onr
auditorium. The present seating capacitv is
aboiu 500, which IS entirely inadequate. When
the p'oposed changes in the struct ureaie com-
pleted Superintendent Wadsworth assures ui
that 900 may be seated comfortably and every
seal will be a choice one. This will give onr
auditorium a seating capacity easily equal that
of the Grand opera hc-rsein Salem. It vill 1"*
just what we need greatly. Special attention
will be given the stage, dressing rooms, ore hesr-
tra room, and orchestra pit. The lighting an**
heating of the buihiing will be given due at-
tention, as also will the matter of ventilation.
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Inoka
Precious and priceless are the blessings which books
scatter around our daily paths. We walk, in imagination, with
the noblest spirits through the most enchanting regions —
regions which, to all that is lovely in the forms and colors of
earth,
**Add the gleam.
Hie light that never ivas on sea or land.
The consecration and the poet's dream/'
A motion of the hand brings all Arcadia to sight. The
war of Troy can, at our bidding, rage in the narrowest cham-
ber. Without stirring from our firesides, we may roam the
remotest regions of the earth, or soar into realms where
Spencer's shapes of unearthly beauty flock to meet us, where
Milton's angels peal in our ears the choral hymns of Paradise.
— E. R WHIPPLE.
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SCHOOL BUILDING AND LIBRARY. PHOENIX INDIAN SCHOOL
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Volume IS
October 31, 1914
Somber 36
Fourth Annual Conference of the Society of
American Indians
Before every conference of the Society of American In-
dians there have been forebodings and fears. This was true
this year. It is an exceedingly difficult thing to gather a body
of Indians at their own expense of time and money to consider
tre soHd and serious but intricate interests of their people.
But, once gathered, their very seriousness presents a new diffi-
culty. They come from many tribes, situations and places.
Their ideas frequently do not agree. On various topics they
see ''rocks ahead." And yet where intensity of interest tends
to divide, devotion to the race and society always held them
together. Forgetful of minor questions, great principles or a
frequent spirit of harmony have brought the society at the
close of each conference to more confidence in itself and to
greater strength for the work that lies ahead. Harmony was
the product, as well as the keynote, of the recent conference
held at Madison, Wisconsin.
This fact was illustrated in many ways. The re-
election of the old officers was one of the evidences, not only
of an appreciation of their services, but of a desire to forget
minor diflFerences, to forget errors even if necessary — and all
human agents are subject to errors — in order to demonstrate
that the society was harmonious and could maintain a course
unchanged by the riffles of personal feeling. Of course there
were differences of opinion, but they were plainly thrashed
out in executive sessions and public meetings, and out of
those frank discussions the integrity of good intentions rose
St ong and clear above the errors, real or imaginary, of action
and furnished the basis of enduring confidence in each other
and of solid harmony in the society. And harmony based
upon integrity and frank discussion is the only harmony worth
while.
The second evidence of harmony was the raising of $1,800
in cash and subscriptions right at the conference. A deep and
united belief in the society brought the sense of personal re-
sponsibility which means effort and sacrifice. And as the
members invest their money in the society they are giving
their hearts. Honest hearts can agree even when honest heads
can not.
Harmonious Con-
vention
Old Officers
Pveelected
1,800 Raised in
Subscriptions
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482
^be native Bmerican
Assistant Secretaries
For Each State
Memorial to Presi^
dent Wilson
This consummation of harmony was matched by a for-
ward movement of real significance. It was decided to have
assistant secretaries to represent each considerable tribe in
each state. These assistant secretaries will serve in a measure
as field agents, with the special object of enlisting new mem-
bers in the society. The plan means publicity, widespread
knowledge of the purposes of the society, a very much larger
membership and, therefore, larger funds and larger power.
The society is rapidly to become the real spokesman for the
wishes and higher interests of the Indian people.
Conscious of its integrity, of its unity, and of its power
the society decided that the moment had come for a more
direct appeal to the President and the Congress of the United
States for the consideration of those changes in legislation
and administration which they believe are imperative at the
present moment. With conviction profound and hearts united
the society will ask for a hearing before the President of the
United States during the first w^eek in December, It is be-
lieved that the President will be glad to receive the memorial
of his Indian friends.
The members of the society and all their friends, as many
of them as can, are urged to be present in Washington when
the memorial is taken to the President. They are also asked
to write at once to Dennison Wheelock of W^est De Pere, Wis-
consin, chairman of the committee halving the matter in
charge, and to make all possible suggestions as to what that
memorial should contain. Any one who has knowledge of
wrongs that need righting, and of legislation that needs pass-
ing, will do well to send in their suggestions and information
so that it may be considered for incorporation in this docu-
ment which the society hopes will so clarify the situation as
to bring prompt action from the national Government.
The Madison conference did a great work for the society.
It opened the way for each member to do more for the good
of the Indian people. Let us hope that each of us will do all
that we can, and not forget that each can do something.
PLATFORM ADOPTED AT THE CONFERENCE
The platform adopted at the Madison conference was as
follows :
The Society of American Indians, in fourth annual con-
ference assembled, adopts and reaffirms the principles and pur-
poses set forth in the platform of the third annual confer-
ence, and we urge upon our members increased activity in the
prcniotion of those principles and purposes as the highest
form of service to the American Indian. We call upon our
own people to lay hold of the duties that lie before them, to
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Pboenix InOian Scbooi
483
serve not only their own race as the conditions of the day
demand, but to serve all mankind.
In this behalf our hearts go out in sympathy to 'our blood
brothers, the struggling peons of Mexico, and we express our
profound sense of gratitude to the President of the United
States for his attitude on the ^lexican situation. The cause
of the Mexican Indian is our cause. They are attempting by
force of arms — we by force of public opinion — to obtain equal-
ity before the law.
We commend much of the good that has been accom-
plished by the present administration of the Indian Bureau
and we recognize in Commissioner Sells a man of lofty pur-
poses, constructive ability, and sincere devotion to the work
committed to his hands. Nevertheless, we realize great needs
not yet relieved on our reservations, and great fundamental
changes necessary in our national legislation, policies and ad-
ministration. We look to the President, to Congress, and to
the Commissioner of Indian Affairs and his bureau for im-
mediate remedial measures.
We reserve the further and specific demainK o\ «uir sociv^ty
for presentation in more detail in a petition ar.d iiTjinoria! to
the President and Congress of the United States and to the
Bureau of Indian Affairs with regard to the need of a careful
revision and codification of Indian law and the definition of
Indian status; the just trusteeship and distribution of tribal
funds: the efficient allotment of lands; the wise utilization of
mineral and water resources; the settlement of tribal claims
through the Federal Court of Claims : adequate education, and
the just settlement of many specific grievances on the several
reservations.
We call upon every man and woman of Indian blood to
give of himself to the uttermost that our people may live in
a higher sense that ever before and regain in that sense a
normal place in this country of free men.
We equally invite to our standards an increased number
of associate members of the other races to co-operate with us.
Our final appeal is again to our own race. We have no
higher end than to see it reach out towards a place where it
will become an active, positive and constructive factor in the
Hfe of this great nation.
Commissioner Sells
Commended
Appeal to all
Indians
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Zbe native Bmettcan
The Native Amewcan
Botered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student- Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
George Martell. who was at the sanato-
rium last year, came in this week from his
home in North Dakota.
Dr Campbell held the afternoon service in
front of the girls' home last Sunday, laying
special emphasis on temperance and prohi-
bition of liquor business.
Dr. W. J. Lanahan, field dentist, who has
been at Phoenix since the latter part of
June, left Sunday evening for the Colorado
River school at Parker, Arizona.
C. A. Smith of Springfield, Massachusetts,
mechanic for the Presbyterian Mission
Board, visited this school on the way
from Ganado to Tucson where he will be
engaged for the next few months.
Miss Katherine Keck leaves this evening
for Carlisle where she will have charge of the
domestic science work. Miss Keck is ex-
ceedingly proficient in her line and while
Phoenix is sorry to lose her we are glad
for her promotion.
H. G. Guiteras, who has spent six weeks
at the school on the work of survey! g and
securing right of way for the new sewer
system, left today with Mr. Irsfeld for the
Papago country, going by way of Sacaton.
James Robinson will present "Richard the
Third" at the Elks opera house November 10.
The proceeds will go toward paving the street
in front of the A. M. E. church property in
Phoenix and the purchase of tickets will be
greatly appreciated. Some new players have
been drilled and the cast strengthened since
the summer performance and the manager
hopes for a very successful evening.
Mr. Venne went early in the week with
the band to Sacaton fair, while Miss Keck
and Miss Bullard went over Wednesday even-
ing. Miss Keck delivered a talk to the Pima
women along domestics science lines and
Martha Hughes gave the demonstration of
bread-making which she did so well at the
commencement exercises here last spring.
The ladies of the campus were invited to
Mrs. Breid*s cottage Friday afternoon from
2 to 5 o'clock to tack comforts for Mrs. Good-
man and to visit with Mrs. Goodman and
Miss Keck, whom we are to lose soon. Tea
and cakes, like the blessed showers, fell gen-
erously upon those who came early and work-
ed late and those who came late and worked
little, but all joined equally in good wishes
for the guests of honor.
Five Mexicans were found guilty of incit-
ing Indians to revolt, the case having been on
trial in the United States court in Phoenix
this week, and two were released by the jury.
The verdict brings to an end one of the most
interesting trials ever held in an Arizona Fed-
eral court. The jury took only twenty min-
utes to decide the guilt of the parties con-
cerned in the conspiracy. The plot lacked
none of the details of fiction, with the scene
laid among the Pima and Papago Indians, but
the cold facts of the law showed it up in a
different light.
Last Saturday evening at the Presby-
terian church in Phoenix occured the wed-
ding of Alma MoUie McAfee and Jackson
Thomas, both memb**r of the Pima tribe.
The ceremony was performed by Rev. Claud
Brodhead in the presence of about fifty
friends of the young couple, following which
refreshments were served to the entire
party. The bride is a graduate of Phoenix
Indian school, while the groom was educated
at Hampton. They are among the most
splendid type of Indian young manhood
and womanhood, and they have the heart-
iest congratulations of many friends and
acquaintances.
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The valley has been visited with another
fine rain this week.
Mr. Bourne is taking his vacation and Mr.
Nahler, a former employee at the school, is
taking his place for the month.
Miss Louella Mahaney has reported for
duty as nurse, taking the place left vacant
by the resignation of Miss Bidwell. Miss
Mahaney is transferred from Sacaton where
she has been for several years.
Mr. Lynch, supervisor of construction, ar-
rived in Phoenix today on his first oflScial
visit. Mr. Lynch has the position for years
filled by John Charles. He is not new to
the Government service, having been for
twenty-six years with the War Department.
Learned from our Exchanges
Mrs. Floy Summet Naranjo for several
years at Santa Fe school in New Mexico is
again a teacher at Haskell.
Dr. Charles F. Ensign has been transferred
from Sisseton agency, South Dakota, to
Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kansas.
Supervisor and Mrs. H. B. Peairs visited
Carlisle in October on their way to Lake
Mohonk, New York, to attend the annual
conference held there in the interest of de-
pendent peoples.
second meeting which is to be against cigar-
ette smoking was read. After asking all to
be ready to suggest names for the society
to be submitted at the next regular meeting
the meeting adjourned.
Literary Society Elects Officers
The Literary society was organized on
Monday evening and the following officers
were elected for the first half of the school
year: William T. Moore, president; Thomas
Jackson, vice president; Johnson McAfee,
secretary-treasurer. The new president ap-
pointed as a program committee, Caroline
Hendrix, Alfred Jackson and Antonio Mar-
tinez. Mr. Scott conducted the organiza-
tion but informed the pupils that they must
do their own organizing the next time.
Miss Phelps and Mr. Stacy **made speeches"
in which good advice was given the mem-
bers of the society and the program for the
War Discussed by Noted People
There is a man who' knows probably more
than any one else in America about the
outlook for Tsingtau as it affects Germany,
China, Japan and Christian missions. He
has lived for years in the city that is now
the Asiatic center of the world war. He is
in America today. He has written for the
Sunday School Times "The Startling In-
side Story of Tsingtau," which will soon be
published with illustrations. His story
amazes, thrills, shocks, convinces. He has
written also a terrible account of what
twentieth century fighting is. When sending
one of his manuscripts to the Times he said:
"Cut out what you want to, but keep the
spinal column of war repulsiveness." Read-
ers will find that the spinal column is there
when his messages reach their eyes.
These articles are part of an extraordinary
series of articles upon the European war
now being published in the Sundaj^ School
Times, which will include a letter from
Billy Sunday on "What the War Means to
Me;" an article by Mabel Thorp Boardman on
"How We Do the Work of the Red Cross;''
"The War and the Jew," by David Baron of.
London; "What the War Means to Women,"
by the widow of General Pickett, and search-
ing articles on prophecy and missions as
bearing on the war. — Sunday) School Times
Opinions of Noted Authors
Some books are to be tasted, others to be
swallowed, and some few to be chewed and
digested. — Bacon.
Books, books, books, give me ever more
books, for they are the caskets wherein we
find the immortal expressions of humanity —
words, the only things that live forever! — Eu-
gene Field.
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OUR SCHOOL LIBRARY
A number of new books have been added
to the school library this fall and some
missing and badly worn copies replaced.
The librarian is always glad to issue good
reading material to both pupils and employ-
ees and would be glad to have them make the
library more of a "literary haunt" in the fu-
ture. To stimulate an interest in the best
literature is one of the duties of the Indian
school instructors.
Following is a list of the new volumes re-
cently added to our library.
Anne of Green Gables, Montgomery
Anne of Avonlea, Montgomery
A Kentucky Cardinal, Allen
David Alden's Daughter, Austin
Captain of the Crew, Barbour
The Eugene Field Book, Burt and Cable
Girls Who Became Famous, Bolton
Poor Boys Who Became Famous, Bolton
Pictures Every Child Should Know, Bacon
Kipling Poems and Stories, Burt
Calendar Stories, Boyle
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Carroll
About Animals, Carter
Huckleberry Finn, Clemens
Tom Sawyer, Clemens
In Story Land, Harrison
Arthur Bonnicastle, Holland
Seven Oaks, Holland
A Lrittle Book of Profitable Tales, Field
The Squawman, Faversham
The Trail of the Lyonesome Pine, F'ox
The Little Colonel, Johnson
Hiawatha, Longfellow
Some Merry Adventures of Robin Hood, Pyle
Rhymes of Childhood, Riley
A Book of Joyous Children, Riley
Two Cadets with Washington, Stoddard
Winsome Womanhood, Sangster
L/ittle Knights and L/adies, Sangster
Enoch Arden, Tennyson
The Spirit of Christmas, Van Dyke
A Certain Rich Man, White
The Calling of Dan Matthews, Weight
The Shepherd of the Hills, Wright
Milton's Paradise L/Ost,
Handy Bible Encyclopedia, Hurlburt
Diseases of Animals, Mayo
Farmer's Veterinarian, Burkett
Irrigation Farming, Wilcox
Making Poultry Pay, Poivell
Poultry Architecture, Fiske
Greenhouse Management, Taft
Propagation of Plants, Fuller
Steam Catechism (1 vol.) Grimshaw
Twentieth Century Handbook for Steam
Engineers and Electricians. SzvingU
Wiring a House, f*ratt
Fireless Cookbook, M. G. Mitchell
Conquest of Mexico, Prescott
Conquest of Peru, F^escott
Mendelssohn, Blackbutn
Life of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Broun
Editha's Burglars, Burnett
Louise May Alcott, Cheney
The Corn Lady, Jessie Field, Flanegan
Helen's Babies, Habt*erton
Gordon Keith, Page
Red Rock, Page
Captain January, Richard
Story of the Other Wise Man, Van Dyke
Stories from Life, Marden
Beautiful Joe, Saunders
Trail of the Sandhill Stag, Seton-Thompson
Story of the Bible for Young People, Foster
Easy Guide to Constellations, C^ali
Psychology of Reading {Heney's) McMillan Co
Special Methods in Geography. McMurray
Special Methods in History, McMurray
Special Methods in Language, McMurray
Special Methods in Arithmetic, McMurfay
Crayon, Chalk and Pencil Drawing,
Clayton-Flanag a n
Rural Hygiene, Ogden
Conquest of Consumption, Hutchinson
Prevention of Infectious Diseases, I^oty
Emerj^encies
Henry Ward Beecher on Books
A book is good company. It is full of con-
versation without loquacity. It comes to our
longing with full instruction, but pursues us
never, it is not offended at our absent-
mindedness, nor jealous if we turn to other
pleasures, of leaf, or dress, or minearl, or even
of books. It silently serves the soul with-
out recompense, not even for the hire of love.
And. yet more noble, it seems to pass from
itself, and to enter the memory, and to hover
in a silvery transformation there, until the
outward book is but a body and its soul and
spirit are flown to you, and possess your
memory like a spirit. — H, W. Beechtr,
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NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Leech Lake Agency, Minnesota
By Special Correspondent.
Mr. Thompson took charg-e of the school June
1.
Mr. Bibbs has taken up the duties of chief
clerk.
Mrs. Minnie King^ is our school cook this
year.
Born to Mr. and Mrs. L^ee Osgood a son on
July 24.
Mrs. Green of Minneapolis visited the Thomp-
sons this summer.
Miss Margaret Cress of Minneapolis visited
Miss Colby in August.
Mr. and Mrs. Walters are on their annual
vacation in Wisconsin.
Stiler Blackburn is engineer at the school
and his mother is mess cook.
Miss Lrucy Blair returned to her duties after
spending a pleasant vacation at her home in
South Dakota.
Miss Mary Black has accepted a transfer to
Grand Rapids South Dakota. She is succeed-
ed by Miss Willitt.
Miss H. F. Coughlin has accepted a transfer
to Red Lake Minnesota. She is succeeded here
by Mrs. Thompson.
Dr. Harry Fralic has accepted a transfer to
Chilocco, Oklahoma, and left for his new field
of duty October 19.
A new dairy barn is being constructed at the
school to replace the one destroyed by light-
ning in October, 1913.
Miss Lillian Malonay has accepted a trans-
fer to Sisseton, South Dakota. She is suc-
ceeded by Mrs. Kennedy.
Miss Pauline Colby, our missionary here,
spent two weeks the first of July with friends
at Crosby, North Dakota.
Mr. Thompson escorted a number of chil-
dren from this reservation to the Wahpeton
school the first of the month.
The new superintendent, Carl F. Mayer, ar-
rived September 1 to succeed John F. Geigoldt.
Mr. Mayer comes from Wind River agency,
Wyoming.
On August 15 Miss Ortha Wilson returned to
school after spending her vacation at her
home in Michigan. She attended the institute
at Tomah, Wisconsin.
The Sugar Point day school teacher, M. P.
Stanley, has accepted a transfer as principal
teacher at Cantonment, Oklahoma.
Jay Walters spent the month of August here
with his parents. He has returned to his work
as electrician at Schenectady, New York.
On August 26 Mrs. John F. Geigoldt was
called home to the bedside of her father who
lived only a few hours after she arrived there.
Miss Ella Brewer accepted a transfer to
Tacoma, Washington, June 12. She is sue-
ceed by Miss McCalley who came direct from
the office at Washington, D. C.
The superintendents from Tomah, Wiscon-
sin; Pipestone, Minnesota, and Wahpeton,
North Dakota, were here recently enrolling
pupils for their respective schools.
We are all overwhelmed with joy to have our
old engineer, Francis Manley, and family back
with us. Mr. Manley seems to prefer govern-
ment work to automobile business for himself.
On September 20 a picnic party was enjoyed
over at the picnic grounds on the island.
There were two launch loads. Supt. and Mrs.
Carl F. Mayer and sons, Carl Jr. and John, Mr.
and Mrs. John F. Geigoldt and son Donald,
Dr. and Mrs. Fralic and daughter Jean and son
Harold, Mr. and Mrs. Tompson, Mr. and Mrs.
Frank J. Fisher and daughter Mildred and Mr.
Walter. The day was an ideal one and the occa-
sion was thoroughly enjoyed by all.
Ganado, Arizona
By Special Correspondent.
Rev. C. W. Piatt and family arrived home
from California October 3.
Guy Clark, a former Phoenix student, and
Edith Brown, a former Fort Defiance student
residing at Chin Lee, were married at St.
Michael, September 23, Father Emerson officiat
ing.
C. A. Smith of Springfield, Massachusetts,
who has been here for the past five months,
plumbing, carpentering, etc., expects to leave
soon to do the same work at the Tucson misson
and school.
Rev. Howard A. Clark and wifeof Tolchaco,
Arizona, were visitors at the hospital, manse
and dormitory. On account of an accident to
the auto they were compelled to make more than
a passing visit which was appreciated by all,
even though they were detained unavoidably.
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Zbc native Bmerfcan
Indians at Hampton Institute
By Special Correspondent.
Several of the Indian grirl* arc serving on
important committees of the King's Daughters.
Wilbur Skye, a Seneca Indian from theTona-
wanda reservation in New York state, is the
sergeant major of the school battalion.
The Indians have a strong Christian En-
deavor society and a basketball team. During
the summer they had a fast baseball nine.
David Owl, a Cherokee of North Carolina, is
the senior captain of the Hampton battalion of
500 cadets and is a member of the Y. M. C. A.
cabinet.
Nine of the sixty Indians that recently attend-
ed the Wisconsin meeting of the Society of
American Indiana were Hampton graduates or
former students. Angel De Cora Deitz, class
of 1891, is a member of the society's advisory
board.
Eight boys are in the Hampton Institute trade
school,) working as carpenters, steamfitters,
printers, machinists, and one is an electrical
specialist; five are taking agriculture; six are
taking a work year and are earning money to
put themselves through school. Five girls are
in the domestic science work class, and two
are taking a special home economics course.
Six Indians are in the aenior class.
Forty-five Indians, (twenty-nine boys and six-
teen girls) representing twenty-seven tribes,
are now enrolled at Hampton Institute. This
is more than at any time since the Government
appropriation was withdrawn in 1912. Sixteen
new Indians, eight boys and eight girls, have
come this fall. Three have returned after some
absence from Hampton. All the Indians at-
tending Hampton have come without any ex-
pectation of Government aid.
Fort Totten, North Dakota
Jieview.
The silo was filled to its capacity this year
with the best ensilage that corn in fine condi-
tion will make. Mr. Lee, the dairyman, will
have excellent feed for his splendid dairy herd.
The^threshing crew pulled in the outfit hav-
ing cleared the last field. The yield of barley
was 2,567 bushels and 3,893 bushels of oats. Mr.
Maxwell and Mr. York have handled the farm
very successfully this year.
Mr. Everett and the gardener have just
brought in the potatoes for the winter's supply.
The yield has been quite good. th«re being
1,200 bushels of a nice grade, about equally
divided between Early Rose and Burbank.
The new hospital is now in active operation-
Miss Arehart, the nurse, may justly feel proud
of her new building which is well equipped
and is strictly modern in every particular.
The school has long felt the need of better
facilities for this work and the opening of the
new building is an improvement that will help
many other departments of the school.
Miss Enola Acord reported for duty at the
opening of the term as teacher of housekeep-
ing. This will be a new department in the
school, though some elementary work has been
given as class instruction. The new depart-
ment will be opened in the rooms vacated by
the moving of the hospital to its new quarters.
Lower Brule, South Dakota
Brule Rustler.
The school dam has been put in good repair
during the past two weeks.
We have a fine garden and our cellar begins
to look like the home of plenty.
Mrs. Harriet M. Humphreys has accepted a
transfer to Bismark, North Dakota, as matron.
Mrs. Gertrude M. Parr recently accepted a
transfer to Tomah, Wisconsin, as teacher at
$600 per annum.
Supplies have been ordered for repairing our
heating svstem, and work has begun on our
new building for the girls.
Work has begun on our dairy barn. The
cows will sure give milk in their new quarters
and all the boys will want to learn the dairy
business.
Mrs. Emma Evans has passed the civil serv-
ice examination and received appointment as
our boys' matron, taking up the regular work
on October 13.
Miss Ellen Allen from Oklahoma has been
appointed seamstress here having been pro-
moted from the position of assistant seam-
stress at Carlisle.
Carson School, Stewart, Nevada
NetHuia American.
Mr. Taggart from Detroit, Michigan, arrived
Thursday and is cooking for the employees'
club.
Four first class premiums have been awarded
the boys of the shoe and harness making de-
partment for their exhibit of shoes at the Ne-
vada state fair held at Reno last month. The
work of Harry Jim received two first prizes,
that of Cleveland Bobb and Henry Porterfield
each one first prize. Mr. Mansfield and his
boys are to be congratulated on the work th«y
are turning out.
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CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
Eighth Grade
The school thU year seems to be a pleasant
one to me because I am taking interest in what
I undertake to do.
We girls of the Y. W. C. A. held our first
meeting Sunday evening for the purpose of
electing new officers and I do hope that the
officers elected will do their full duty and try
to make this association a success.
Seventh Grade B
I received a letter from Mr. Hammock some
time ago. He says he is getting along nicely
in his work.
We had our first literary Monday and it looks
as if the members are going to have a better
society this year than they have had in former
years. We were all glad to see the first meet-
ing start ofi^ so well.
I certainly enjoyed my first month of school.
I received a letter from Abraham Nelson
stating that he is getting along nicely on his
farm. He is now harvesting his corn.
Lydia Watchman, one of the new pupils this
year, is helping with the work at Mr. Good-
man's cottage.
Mrs. Goodman and Miss Shannon go out to
their ranch every day to get things fixed up.
Annie T. Moore and Emma P. Clark are the
new nurse girls this year. They are doing
well in their new work.
We seventh grade pupils are writing papers
on the Revolutionary war which are to be kept
and when more history stories are written each
of us is to have a book made.
Sixth Grade B
The band has gone to Sacaton to attend the
fair.
We are sorry to miss the band boys but we
all hope that they will enioy their visit to Sac-
aton.
The girls aad boys had their society meet-
ing last night. Of course I was a new student
and didn't know very much about it but I en-
joyed it very much.
We sixth grade B pupils are now studying
spelling for the contest this coming March. I
hope we will do the best we can so we can
win this time.
I am very much interested in painting. I
hope I will succeed so when I go home I can
help my neighbors.
The fair is coming so near that the boys are
having drills every morning so we can make a
showing on the fair day.
The carpenter boys and mason boys are al-
most through with the addition to the hospital
which we have been working on for a long
while.
I have been reading library books. I find the
••Tattered Tom" series written by Horatio Al-
ger, Jr, the best books I have ever read. They
are veiy interesting to young people.
We girls at the hospital kitchen are very
glad to have Mildred Scott with ns.
The state fair is so near that we girls have
to drill every other day so we can make a good
showing.
We sixth B class enjoyed our visit to the
Monroe school down town last Friday afternoon.
First we went into the school building and
met the principal teacher in the hallway and
then he took us upstairs to look around the
different grade rooms.
We farm boys are hard at work trying to get
the field west of the doctor's cottage in shape
for the planting season. We hope to get the
whole field wet next time we get our irrigation
water.
The boys and girls who attended school at
Sherman Institute, Riverside, California, were
glad to receive the Sherman Bulletin for the
first time this school year.
We farm boys are plowing the field above
the diningroom and we hope to finish it before
the state fair.
George Terry, a former pupil of this school
afew years ago, was out here Sunday visiting
his friends and relatives.
We printer boys work at night in order to
keep up with our work while the printer boys
that are in the band are at the Indian fair at
Sacaton. They will not be back for several
days.
Minnie Breckenridge and Emma Enas are
getting to be the best cooks at the farm
cottage. We hope they will improve every
day in their work.
Sunday Mrs. Ignacio took a number of us
girls to the Cook Bible school to church and
we all enjoyed the Indian's preaching and
we hope to go every Sunday to the little
meetings.
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Fifth Grade B
We are all glad to have our literary society
organized again, and select new officers for
the term.
We are glad to see that the onions in our
garden are growing very nicely but we are
sorry that some of the peas did not come up.
The blacksmith boys are welding wagon
tires this week.
I can't help but think of the fair that is
coming next week and I am sure every boy
and girl feels that way too.
The Mormons had their meeting Sunday, and
will meet regularly from now on. All enjoyed
the meeting.
I am working in the laundry and I like the
work very much.
We fifth B pupils are studying about Capt.
John Smith and Miss Garlon reads to us about
him and we are interested.
Last Sunday after Sunday school Miss Bul-
lard took us industrial cottage girls for a walk
near the canal. We came back before the
whistle blew. We enjoyed it very much.
Counties Bear Indian Names
Thirteen counties of Oklahoma bear names
of Indian tribes, all of whom have been settled
by the Government on reservations within the
state or had been amalgamated with other tribes
in the state. Those counties are Caddo. Chero-
kee, Choctaw, Comanche, Creek, Delaware,
Kiowa, Muskogee, Ottawa, Osage, Pawnee,
Pottawatomie and Seminole.
Three counties bear the name of Creek clan
divisions, viz: Okfuskee, Okmulgee and Tulsa.
Nowata county bears a Delaware name aud
Oklahoma a Choctaw combination, Okla, mean-
ing people, humma, red.
Four'counties bear names of distinguished
Cherokee families, viz: Adair, Craig, Mayes and
Sequoyah. Four others perpetuate the names
of Choctaw families, viz: LeFlore, McCurtain,
Pushmataha and Atoka. Three others. Carter
Johnson and Love, are of Chickasaw origin, and
one, Mcintosh, is Creek. — Indian Leader,
celled by two other exhibits. The arrangemeats
of the sheaf grain in cabinets added very
materially to the effectiveness of the display.
We were continually asked: **Did the Indian*
raise all of this?*'
In the threshed grains we had the keenest
competition, there being forty-six entries in
wheat and fifteen to twenty in barley and
oats in proportion.
In prizes, we secured first in spring barley
and also in feed oats. In wheat we were not
♦quite so fortunate, securing two second prizes.
The quality of the grain displayed was far
above the average for a number of years; in
fact, numerous samples were considered al-
most perfect. Every sample was weighed
and examined for foreign matter and noxious
seeds and if wild oats, cockle or other wild
seed was found it was disqualified, no matter
how good the grain was. The judge held that
it was exceedingly important to make the fair
educational as far as possible and that farmers
must not expect to win on poor quality.
In corn we were more fortunate, winning
two special awards and one second prize.
The corn display was a great surprise to al-
most every one. I can account for it only on
the probability of the hot summer making^
it a very good season where irrigation was
used. This was also particularly noticed in
the vegetables. Our exhibit was weak in this
line and we secured first prize only on citron.
— Nez Perce Indian*
Indian Exhibit at Spokane
The Nez Perce Indian exhibit at the Inter-
state fair at Spokane this year was far superior
to any of the previous ones. The display of
grains and grasses in the sheaf was only ex-
Paintin^sby Paiute Indian on Exhibition
An exhibition of landscapes painted by a full-
blood Paiute Indian from Nevada will be the
unique feature of the weekly display at the
Affiliated Colleges Museum, beginning thi^
Sunday. The artist is Gilbert Natches, a grand
nephew of the great Chief Winnemucca, after
whom the town of Winnemucca is named, and
a nephew of Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins, who
wrote **Life Among the Paiutes," and one of
the best known and most authentic books on
Indian conditions ever published by one of
the race. — San Francisco Bulletin,
Gilbert Natches is a resident of the Nevada
reservation and is a talented water color art-
ist. There were a number of his pictures on
exhibition at the Indian booth at the Nevada
state fair in Reno last month. Nearly all were
views of Pyramid lake, and coloring of moun-
tains and sky effects show him to be a stnent
of remarkable ability.— AVz^(?</« American.
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Dredge on Colorado River at Parker, Arizona
1
I
II
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"NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFE''
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
LMil"i
ilJlll
Volume 15
November 7, 1914
8^(tmiber 37
\ ^ ItRUXTON CANYON SCHOOlT -Ok |
THE Walapai Indian reservation
is located in northern Arizona,
^^L is crossed at its southeastern
\^^^ extremity by the Santa Fe
% railroad, and covers an area of
# approximately 782,000 acres.
The Grand Canyon of Arizona, a stupendous
gorge known throughout the world as a
magnificent piece of scenery, forms the
Indians live scattered along the Santa Fe
railroad from Kingcnan to Seligman, a dis-
tance of about 100 miles. The chief indus-
(ries are baskeimaking by the women, farm-
ing and day labor, including ranch labor, by
the men.
Within the past few months over 500
cattle have been placed upon the reserva-
tion by the Government for the Indians..
School and Farm, Truxton Canyon School, Valentine, Arizona
boundary to the north, while to the south
the Santa Fe railroad passes through it
quite close to the southern boundary from
Crozier to Peach Springs.
The total number of Walapai at the last
census was 474. No allotments have been
made as the land has not suflScient water
for irrigation and is only suitable for the
grazing of stock. The majority of the
A superintendent of livestock is in charge
and it is hoped that the Indians will become
sufficiently interested to make cattle-raising
their chief industry. The income from
leased land for grazing purposes at the
present time is between $15,000 and $16,000
per year
The homes occupied by these Indians are
principally old wooden huts with poor
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XTbe 'native Bmerican
sanitation, which predisposes to the spread
of tuberculosis, trachoma and other conta-
gious diseases. In the summer a great
many live in tents and roam over different
parts of the country.
The Truxton Canyon boarding school at
Valentine, Arizona, is the only school for
the reservation, with a beautiful location 35
miles east of Kingman, with the main line
of the Santa Fe railroad passing through
the grounds. The buildings are twenty-eight
was eighty-four and the health of the pupils
was the best in the history of the school
Following is a list of the employees at
the Truxton Canyon Indian school and
agency:
Charles E. Shell,
Ida A. Shell,
Lee Tucker,
Lillian M. Padgett,
May E. Squires,
Lida Wheelock,
Olive C. Ford,
Superintendent
Financial clerk
Teacher
Kinderj:artner
Matron
Assistant matron
Seamstress
Primary Class Truzion Canyon
in number, are all modern, and include
school building, dormitory, employees' club,
office, hospital, sleeping porches, garage, em-
ployees* cottages, shop, laundry, warehouse
pump house and boiler house, barns, etc.
There is an excellent farm with a fine dairy
herd of ten cows which supply the pupils
with wholesome milk. A good orchard with
•many varieties of fruit adds to the daily
menu. The enrollment during the past year
School, Valentine, Arizona
Emma M. Sinnard,
Sumner B. Taft,
Commodore N. Hart
John Savorias,
Tom Idiaque,
Dr. L.D. Riggs,
Mather Willis,
John F. Stallard,
Indian Beecher,
Jim Mahone,
La undress
Cook
General mechanic
Engineer
Assistant
Assistant
Physician
Superintendent of livestock
Farmer
Policeman
Policeman
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FORT MOHAVE SCHOOL
7OFT MOHAVE boarding school is
located on a wide mesa about
fifty feet above the Colorado
river. This mesa supports only
the usual desert vegetation.
There is a valley or river bottom
about three miles in width lying south of
the school which is very fertile and would
produce abundantly were it not for the an-
nual overflow of the Colorado river. This
prevents any farming or the establishment
of permanent homes by these Indians.
m
The school accommodates 200 pupils. All
children of school age and physically fit are
in school. The two tribes in the school are
Mohave and Chemehuevi.
Academic work completes the eighth grade
and the course of study used is that of the
public schools of Arizona. A few of the
pupils are able to complete this to the eighth
grade in the eight years but most of them
require longer time, owing to lack of English
on entering school. However, a strict ad-
herence to the course is required. The in-
Band, Fori Mohave Indian School, Arizona
The quarters at the school occupied by
the employees and the store rooms and
shops are adobe buildings, being part of the
old fort which was taken over from the War
Department in 1890. The newer buildings,
dormitories, school building, hospital and
dininghall are of brick and frame. The old
buildings are in the main in excellent repair
and very well preserved. All buildings are
provided with screened porches so that both
pupils and employees are able to sleep out
the entire year.
dustrial work is about the same as in most
schools of this size. Some particularly good
work has been done by the manual training
classes. The farming is limited owing to
the above mentioned overflow of the Colo-
rado.
The social and musical features of the
school have a part in maintaining interest
and securing an all-around development.
Football, baseball, basketball, volley ball
and group athletics are all included in the
outdoor sports. Regular playground ap-
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paratus is installed. both;for the^boys and
girls. There are two bands among the boys,
each consistihg of 23 members, one at the
boys in the beet fields at Rocky Ford, Colo-
rado, and forty-five girls in private homes in
Los Angeles. This system has proven a great
Boys' Outing Party, Fort Mohave Indian School, Arizona
school and the other at Needles, California.
The latter is made up of graduates of the
school who still continue their organization
under the direction of a competent leader.
help in giving a command of English and a
wider experience to the older pupils. Work
is arranged for all the graduate pupils, mostly
in the shops at Needles, California, and with
Girls' Outing Party, Fort Mohave Indian School, Arizona
The school has for the past seven years the Santa Fe railroad. All without exception
maintained an outing system. This sum- have been steadily employed. The roster of,
mer eighty-six pupils were placed, forty-one employees at Fort Mohave school is as follows:
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Aug. F. Duclos,
George L. Iveatning,
Clara H. Duclos,
Nora H. Hearst,
Elizabeth Smith,
Ag-nes A. Morrow,
Superintendent
Principal
Clerk
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Nana L/eaming*,
M. Mathilde Neisel,
A. S. Parker,
Nathaniel P. White,
James R. Smith,
W. J. Merz,
Baker
Nurse
Physician
Disciplinarian
Engineer
Farmer
Returned Students Employed in Santa Fe Machine Shops, Needles, California
Nancy M. Compton,
Anna O. Miller,
Frances SharjT,
Jeanette M. White,
L/eota B. Merz,
Seamstress
Matron
Asst. matron
Laundress
Cook
Elmer E. Compton,
George Laird,
Arthur L. Disbrow,
Jefferson Wilson,
Farmer
Laborer
Carpenter
Blacksmith
Officers Boys' Batialion, Fort Mohave School, Arizona
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tlbe native Bmericaii
[
^1
HAVASUPAI AGENCY
Tne land on this reservation has never
been alloted, but each Indian has his little
farm. There are three hundred acres under
irrigation on the reservation. The principal
agricultural products are corn, alfalfa, melons
and vegetables. The fruit crops are apricots,
nectarines, peaches and figs. All crops are
generally good this season. Several farmers
have their ground prepared for sowing alfalfa
as soon as the weather becomes cooler.
tages have been constructed on the reser-
vation. These cottages have two rooms
and are well ventilated and lighted with a
sufficient number of doors and windows
These cottages all have floors and are well
painted.
Stock-raising is one of the important in-
dustries among the Havasupai people. They
have about three hundred head of cattleand
six hundred head of horses at the present
Buildings, Havasupai Agency
The production of baskets gives employ-
Tnent to a large number of the women on the
reservation. About three hundred good
baskets were produced during the year. All
the material for these baskets is produced
here on the reservation. These baskets were
^old to tourists and to dealers in the Indian
wares at Grand Canyon and other towns near
the reservation.
During the past three years eighteen cot-
time. Permits have been given for this
stock to be run upon the forest reserve where
good pasture can be had throughout the year.
There has been some good work done on
the reservation roads recently.
The annual pow-wow of the Supai, Mohave
and Walapai tribes was held on this reserva-
tion during the week of August 17 to 21.
About fifty visiting Indians were here.
Every one seemed to have a good time and
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the whole affair was conuucted along lines
of moderation and good order. Jim Mahone
and Jim Fielding were here and enjoyed
themselves among old friends and made
many new ones.
Havasupai (**blue or green water people") a
small isolated tribe of the Yuma stock (the
nucleus of which is believed to have descended
from the Walapai) who occupy Cataract can-
yon of the Rio Colorado in northwest Arizona.
Whipple was informed in 1850 that the **Cos-
ninos*' roamed from the Sierra Mogollon to the
San Francisco mountains and along the valley
of the Colorado Chiquitu. The tribe is a pe-
culiarly interesting one, since of all the Yuman
tribes it is the only one which has developed
or borrowed a culture similar to, though less
advanced, than that of the Pueblo peoples;
indeed, according to tradition, the Havasupai
(or more probably a Pueblo clan or tribe that
became incorporated with them) formerly built
and occupied villages of a permanent character
on the Colorado Chiquito east of the San Fran-
cisco mountains where ruins were pointed out to
Powell by a Havasupai chief as the former
homes of his people. As the result of war with
tribes farther east they abandoned these villa-
ges and took refuge in the San Francisco moun-
tains subsequently leaving these for their pres-
ent abode. In this connection it is of interest
to note that the Cosnino caves on the Rio Verde,
near the edge of Tonto basin, central Arizona,
were named from this tribe, because of their
supposed early occupancy by them. Their pres-
ent village, composed of temporary cabins or
shelters of wattled canes and branches and
earth in summer, and of the natural caves and
crevices in winter, is situated 115 miles north of
Prescott and 7 miles south of the Grand canyon.
The Havasupai are well formed, though of me-
dium stature. They are skilled in the manufac-
ture and use of implements, and especially in
preparing raw material, like buckskin. The
men are expert hunters; the women adept in the
manufacture of baskets which, when lined with
clay, serve also as cooking utensils. Like the
other Yuman tribes, until affected by white
influences during recent years, their clothing
consisted chiefly of deerskin and, for the sake
of ornament, both men and women painted .
their faces with thick, smooth coatings of red
ocher or blue paint prepared from wild indigo;
tattooing and scarification for ornament were
also sometimes practised. In summer they
subsist chiefly on corn, calabashes, sunflower
seeds, melons, peaches and apricots, which
they cultivate by means of irrigation, and also
the wild detila and mescal; in winter principally
upon the flesh of game, which they hunt in
the surrounding uplands and mountains. While
a strictly sedentary people, they are unskilled
in the manufacture of earthenware and obtain
their more modern implements and utensils,
except basketry, by barter with the Hopi, with
which people they seem always to have had
closer affiliation than with their Yuman kin-
dred. Their weapons in war and the chase
were rude clubs and pikes of hard wood, bows
and arrows, and, formerly, slings; but firearms
have practicallj' replaced these more primi-
tive appliances. The gentile system of descent
or organization seems to be absent among the
Havasupai, their society consanguineally being
patriarchal. They are pol3''gdmists, the number
of wives a man shall have being limited ap-
parently only by his means for supporting
them. Betrothals by purchase are common,,
and divorces are granted only on the ground
of unfaithfulness. The Havasupai occupy a
reservation of about 38,400 acres, set aside by
Executive order in 1880 and 1882. Their popu-
lation was 300 in 1869, 233 in 1902, 174 in 1905..
— Bureau of Ethnology Bulletin*
Hay Making at Supai, Arizona
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Vbe Tlattve Bmertcan
The Native Amemcan
Batered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
cation and Printed by Indian Student- Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
J. W. Shafer who has been farmer at
McDowell the past two years has been trans-
ferred to San Carlos agency.
The pupils are anticipating a pleasant day
at the fair next week when they will put on
their military drill and dress parade.
Photographer TurnbuU was out from the
city Sunday morning to make a moving
picture film of the companies at inspection.
Arizona, the baby state of the Union, made
a record for itself this week by passing a liq-
uor prohibition amendment by a large major-
ity.
Miss Ida Vorum a former clerk at this
school who has been at Santa Fe for the
past three years has received promotion and
transfer to the Denver office.
Mr. Elliot arrived from Lac du Flambeau,
Wisconsin, the first of the week with W. N.
Sickels* car of furniture and is visiting his son,
Arthur Elliot, at the East Farm.
Superintendent Goodman, Dr. Murphy, Dr.
Breid and Dr. Marden motored to Mesa Mon-
day evening to attend a meeting of the Phoe-
nix Medical society at the South Side hospital.
Dr. and Mrs. Breid entertained at dinner
at the club Wednesday evening Dr. and Mrs.
Charles A. Barker, Mr. and Mrs. E. G. Fitzger-
ald, Mr. and Mrs. Goodman, Miss Shannon,
Dr. J. A. Murphy and Miss Smith.
Mrs May Barnes left Wednesday morning
for Whiteriver, Arizona, having been ap-
pointed assistant matron at the Fort Apache
Indian school. Mrs. Barnes has been at the
sanatorium for more than a year.
Mr. Hall gave a temperance talk at Sunday
school Sunday morning and Miss Pearl Buck-
ingham, the soloist who has been appearing
with prohibition workers throughout the
state, sang to a very appreciative audience.
Mr. and Mrs. William T. Sullivan are in
Phoenix to remain over Fair week at least.
Mr. Sullivan resigned the superintendency of
Western Navaho reservation and is looking
over the southern part of the state for a
new location.
Miss Julia Escher has been transferred
from Flandrean, South Dakota, to fill the
teacher's position left vacant by Miss Allen's
transfer to Santa Fe. Miss Escher arrived
today and will take charge of her classes
Monday morning.
The boys and girls who worked at the
school during summer vacation and made
records for good conduct reaped their reward
this week when they received their prorata
of the thousand dollars allowed by the Indian
Office. The amounts ranged from two to over
twenty-three dollars according to the industry
and efficiency of the pupil.
Word has been received of the death of
Mrs. Mary A. Ackley, a form**r teacher at
Phoenix Indian school. For the past sev-
eral years she has made her home with a
daughter, Mrs. Edna R. Blincoe of Los
Angeles, who has the sympathy of many
friends from the school. Mrs. Ackley's
health failed before leaving Phoenix and she
has been in a very serious condition for
many months.
Dr. W. H. Harrison who for the past five
years has been field trachoma expert for the
Indian Service, has resigned to take up his
profession at Missoula, Montana, where he
will be identified with Drs. Smith and Pease.
Dr. Harrison is well known throughout the
Service, having been agency physician at
Rosebud, South Dakota, and later superin-
tendent of the Navaho agency at Ft. Defiance.
He was an able medical man.
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Indians Win from Tempe High
The Indians won from Tempe High school
Saturday afternoon at Tempe by the score
of 13 to 6. The teams were about the same
weight, Tempe probably a shade heavier, but
the Indians were too speedy for their oppon-
ents. The Indians played the full game with-
out taking any time out or using a substitute.
It was a clean game with the exception of a
little unnecessary holding.
The Indians all played a good game, Burke
and Anton at halves doing especially good
work. Butl«r ran the team well at quarter
and Vavages at full played his usual good
game. Alfred Jackson and Puella at tackle
were sure for gains and stopped several of
their opponents* plays. Thomas Jackson and
Quail at guard played well and Otookarow at
center passed the ball neatly.
The interruption of a couple of Tempers
foward passes by Burke and Anton were
hair raisers, and Burke's forty-yard run on
a criss cross were features.
Franciso and Yukku at ends were sure
and held up the Tempe interference repeat-
edly. The next game will be with the Nor-
mals on the Indian school grounds Saturday
morning, November 14, at 10 o'clock.
Dr. Barker's Lecture
Dr. Charles A. Barker who has been lec-
turing several times a day in Phoenix for
the past week gave the early part of Wed-
nesday evening to the Indian School. The
auditorium was not large enough to accom-
modate all those on the campus who came to
hear the doctor's theory of "how to live" and
the crowd overflowed into both entrances.
"A strong arm, a clear mind and a brave
heart" were the essentials the speaker wanted
all the Indian boys and girls to acquire, and
his remarks were devoted to the means by
which all may obtain these three things.
Plenty of exercise, plain and wholesome
food and the ability to say "no" when tempta-
tion assails were points emphasized.
By One of the Guests
The Hallowe en party given by the girls
last Saturday evening was one of the most
enjoyable functions of the year.
The sittingroom was beautifully decorated
in black and yellow, the decorations embody-
ing all the Hallowe'en ideas of spooks and
witches.
The program consisted of two musical
numbers, a piano solo by Alfred Wells and
a vocal quartette by Eunice Davis, Annie
T. Moore, Annie Eschief and Minnie Grant;
a football game between the boys and girls,
a cracker-eating contest, and several other
contests. The girls won in the "football"
game because they were the best blowers,
Daniel Cleveland and Dan King won the
prizes in the cracker-eating contest. Pin-
ning the jack-o-lantern on the moon brought
out many contestants, but Lydia Watchman
was the only one who reached the moon.
The appearance of Buster Brown who
came as an univited guest caused much
merriment and some disappointment be-
cause "Tige" had the "hed ake" and did not
come with Buster.
The success of the evening's entertain-
ment was due largely to Lucinda Ike and
Marianna Rhodes, who made ideal host-
esses.
Letter of Thanks
C. W. Goodman,
Superintendent Phoenix Indian School,
Phoenix, Arizona.
My dear Mr. Goodman:
By request of the Indians and employees of
the Pima and Salt River reservations, I am
directed to extend to you our most sincere
appreciation and thanks for your kindnesa in
permitting- the Phoenix Indian school band to
attend our fourth annual Pima Indian agricul-
tural fair. The behavior of the members of
the band was in every way admirable, and we
believe especial credit is due Mr. Venne, leader,
not only for his splendid control over the boys,
but for his ability as a bandleader. It wasareal
pleasure to all of us to have them present.
Very truly yours,
FRANK A. THACKKRY, Supt.
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Zbe native Bmectca»
I
^ I COLORADO RIVER AGENCY \ ^
' HERE are 500 Indians under
this jurisdiction. All of
them have been allotted
ten acres each. Out of the
above population we have
132 children of school age.
Of these, eighty-six attend our boarding
school which is on the cottage plan, consist-
ing of four large cottages or dormitories.
The children are equally divided in the four
cottages, each cottage having two matrons.
family is all done in the cottage, tlius
making it as though our school consisted of
four large families. We find that this plan
of school is working out successfully al-
though it has been in operation only about
three years.
Of the above 132 children of school age,
besides the eighty-six in our school, nine-
teen are attending the different non-reserva-
tion schools, ten are out of the reservation
with their parents and attending schools -^
Cremation Scene, Colorado River Agency
One of the matrons tends strictly to the
disciplining and housekeeping and such
other instruction as comes within her depart-
ment, while the other matron has charge of
the culinary department and is the instruct-
or of domestic science, etc. In this system
of school it is intended that the cottages be
directed so as to give a more homelike
atmosphere than the old boarding school
system. The cooking, laundering and all
toher work necessary for the upkeeo of a
the different localities wherever they may
be, seventeen are either physically or men-
tally too much disabled to attend school and
are on the reservation being looked after by
the physician.
The chief industry of the reservation is
farming. The Indians under this jurisdic-
tion were given their allotments during the
month of January, 1913. Up to that time
they had been farming small patches, mostly
on the overflow lands, after the spring over-
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Pumping Plant, Colorado River Agency
flow of the Colorado river. Immediately
after the allotments were completed the In-
dians began improving their separate allot-
ments, and at the end of the fiscal year, June
30, 1913, there were about 400 acres under
cultivation. During the present fiscal year
(July 1. 1913, to June 30, 1914,) they have
doubled that acreage and they now have
approximately 900 acres under cultivation
with an additional 300 which is partially
ready for farming. The water for irrigation
is gotten from the Colorado river by means
Interior Pumping Plant, Colorado River Agency
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Zbc "native Bmericift
of a large pumping plant.
The native industries of the reservation are
confined to a small amount of baslLetry, some
crude pottery and beadworlc. The last men-
tioned brings the greatest revenue, but it is
neither so profitable nor artistic as to warrant
its continuation for commercial reasons.
Basketry among the Mohave people is an art
borrowed from the Chemehuevi Indians.
of a sufficient quantity as well as quality it
is our intention to have a cotton gin erected
for the use of the Indians. The value of
stock belonging to the individual Indians on
the reserve is approximately $34,390, be-
ing mostly hogs, cattle, burros, horses and
poultry. During the last year the Indians
have paid considerable attention to the
breeding of good horses and the value of the
River Scene near School, Colorado River Agency
The value of crops raised during the last
year (July 1, 1913, to June 30, 1914), mainly
alfalfa, barley, cane, mile, kaffir and corn
fodder, is approximately $28,450 which is
about $10,000 more than last year. Most
of the above crops are used by the In-
dians themselves, as we have but little mar-
ket for anything, with the exception of vege-
tables. We are planning on introducing the
cultivation of cotton and if crops raised are
stock is about $14,000 more than during the
year 1913.
The following people are employed at this
school and agency:
SCHOOI,
OrnarL. Babcock, Supt. and special disb. agent
Edward E. Horn, Teacher
Gallic M. Graham, Teacher
Sallie O. Babcock, Asat. matron
Laura A. Marston, Asst. matron
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Ida M. Welles,
Mairon
Mildred K. Brownlee,
Asst. matron
€rrace Ryder,
Asst. matron
Harriett A. Graham,
Asst. matron
Mary Rose Thompson,
Asst. matron
Jennie C. Howard,
Asst. matron
C. E. James,
Farmer
J. T. Price,
(temporary) Carpenter
AGENCY
Charles F. Welles,
Clerk
F. Des Georges,
Clerk
Mary Ann Israel-Nettle,
William D. Ryder,
Clinton Plake,
Mary A. Seward,
F.R. Macpherson,
Browing" Yellowfish,
Roy Kennedy,
Romeo Burton,
Mitchalanga,
Myteeka,
Dorlester Little,
Physician
Engineer
Farmer
Field matron
Instrument man
Asst. (laborer)
Asst. (laborer)
Asst. (laborer)
Teamster
Herder
Butcher
Employee's Cottage at Colorado Pviver School, Arizona
These cottages were built by day labor; plumbinjj installed by agency engineer. Cost, each, after chart^ing cost for material used
from school or agency supplies, such as pipe, paints, etc.. $960.00.
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Zbe Dative Bmerican
EE
FORT YUMA SCHOOL
I
tlDEALLY located on a prominence
-l from which an inspiring view
of the surrounding country in
all directions is obtained, the
Fort Yuma Indian school and
y h fiUEted where sani-
tary conditions are perfect. Just across the
Colorado river the thriving little city of
Yuma, Arizona, adds much to the pano-
ramic picture presented. No wagon bridges
span this river for a distance of over 1,200
be cut and cared for from eight to nine
times each year and other crops follow each
other for the full twelve mo'itbs.
The enrollment of the school for the year
1913-14 reached 158, almost one-third more
than previous years, and during the present
year will probably reach 200. Yuma chil-
dren are very backward and teachers are re-
quired to put forth more effort to procure re-
sults. However, rapid progress is being made
and an additionrl teacher aMowed for the
Office, School and Agency, Fort Yuma Indian School. Arizona
miles and this point will have the distinction
in the near future of having the first bridge
which is now under construction.
The school farm of 160 acres, seen about
one mile north in the valley, is being rapidly
developed into one of the best producing
farms of the Service. Lands in this part of
the valley are not merely plowed and
planted but must be cleared, leveled and
bordered before planting can begin. The
cost of this work will reach from $70 to $100
per acre. After this part of the work is
finished the school and agency farmers'
work really begins, for alfalfa planted must
present year will permit more individual in-
struction.
The total area of the Yuma reservation
is 34,000 acres while only about 9,000 acres
is susceptible to cultivation. Of this area
809 allotments of ten acres each have been
made to Indians and during the past year
more than 1,000 acres have been placed in
cultivation or are being prepared at this time.
Ditches to other lands are being made by
the U. S. Reclamation Service which will
enable the Indians to cultivate their lands.
Industrial instructors are very successful
with the children of this tribe. The Yuma
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Indians are knov^n to be excellent laborers
and have always been self-supporting under
most adverse conditions. A period of agri-
cultural prosperity is upon them, made possi-
ble by the allotment of ten acres each with
water for irrigation. But few tribes would
face the situation under which they are
placed with so much couraga The clearing
Old Type Indian Home, Fort Yuma
and leveling of their lands costs from $50 to
$70 per acre before the allotments are ready
for planting. As these Indians have never
known what "individual Indian money" is,
each must face the labor on his lands alone.
The wise provision of the Department in the
reimbursable fund is of inestimable value
here.
A school band was organized during the
past winter and as an incentive to practice
they were permitted to give weekly concerts
in Yuma and rapid progress has been made.
Nothing has ever been attempted in which
the boys took equal interest and made equal
advancement. Even at this time it is re-
cognized as a first-class band.
One of the commendable customs of the
tribe not met elsewhere is the cremation
of the bodies of all dead. After a funeral
similar to those held on most reservations
the body is placed upon the funeral pyres
provided for the purpose with all personal
belongings and cremated. This custom pos-
sibly partially accounts for the scarcity of
tuberculosis, there being only about four
active cases at this time on the reservation.
Trachoma has practically been eradicated
from the tribe through the excellent work of
the physician. In general the health con-
ditions of the Indians are excellent. The
"medicine men" have stubbornly resisted
the efforts of the Indian Department in its.
effort to break their influence and the death
rate has been reduced by about one-half since
some of the nefarious practices of an anti-pro-
gessive nature in which artificial and heathen-
ish rites predominated have been partially
abandoned. A finely equipped, commodious
hospital was opened in the spring of 191 S
and in this short time those suffering from
disease have learned to take advantage of the
treatments offered with unusual confidence-
One of the inspectors whose experience
dates back almost one-half century and whose
visits have extended to every tribe, upon a
recent visit stated that the Yuma Indians
were the most backward tribe in the United
Slates. Their advancement will be watched
with interest as they have been awakened
from their^ lethargy ard those interested
hope to see their action continue until they
New Type Indian Home, Fort Yuma
may be recognized as the tribe making the
most advancement.
At Yuma as well as other reservations un-
principled white men hover like vultures
waiting to prey upon the ignorance the of
Indian, but as most of the wealth is in land
and held in trust by the Government no suc-
cess on their part is anticipated. In general
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XT be TIattpe Bmertcan
the sentiment toward the Indian is of the
best and his rights are highly respected. An
unusual fight against the liquor element rep-
resented by numerous bootleggers has been
waged and excellent results have been ob-
last year marriage has generally been by lo-
dian custom.
The returned students compare favorably
with those on other reservations in many
respects. However, t he tendency is for them
School Building and Division
tained. More than fifty have been convicted
during the past year or await trial in the
Federal courts with sufficient evidence to
convict. Drinking Indians are becoming very
unpopular with the tribe.
of Boys, Fori Yuma School
to retrograde in the matters pertaining to In-
dian customs and they appear to lack individ-
uality when opportunities to lead their peo-
ple out of their unenlightened ideas are pre
sented. In the past the number to take
Girls' Building, Fori Yuma School
These Indians have been slow to adopt
Christian teachings. The burial is always
conducted by Indian custom. The Catholic
church and the Methodist church are each
represented by a missionary and until the
advantage of the opportunities offered in
the non-reservation schools has been too
small and those who have returned appear
to be lacking in teachings of Christianity.
The coming school year is looked forward to
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Pboentx Indian Scbooi
by employees with pleasure and will begin
with the following individuals in various
positions:
Ivoson L*. Odle, Superintendent
L<eon Jacobs, Physician
James Madison, Principal teacher
Maud I^ivers. Teacher
Ag^n«s W. Wait, Teacher
Mrs. Anistatia Hoover, Matron
Asst. matron
Seamstress
lyaundress
Cook
Nurse
General mechanic
(temporary) Farmer
Florence Freshman,
Tillie Ibach,
Cora A. Truax,
Myrtle Maddox,
I^eah lyearn,
Bernard Taylor,
Bion Mills,
John D. Rhoades,
Henry Ward,
John Yuma,
Charlie Ono,
Thomas Jackson.
509
Industrial teacher
L<aborer
Assistant
Assistant
Assistant
AGENCY
Harry M. Carter,
Estella Fulton,
Allie B. Carter,
William B. Hoag,
Norman H. Justus,
Walter Scott,
George Escalanti,
Ambrose Escalanti,
Frank Pasqual,
Steve Chandler,
Clerk
Financial clerk
Field matron
Farmer
Farmer
Chief of Indian police
Private
Private
Private
Private
Farm Buildings Under Construction at Fort Yuma
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Vbe Tlative Bmettcan
NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Seneca Indian School, Wyandotte,
Oklahoma
By Special (Correspondent.
Supt. Ira C. Deaver look eight pupils to Car-
lisle a few days ago.
Miss Spencer is teaching the primary room
until a regular teacher is appointed.
Farmer Milton Colter brought in some sweet
potatoes the other day weighing 5J to 8 pounds
each.
Last Sunday Miss May Herron visited Miss
Naomi Dawson who lives three miles northwest
of the school.
Miss Dawson is an excellent teacher and the
Service loses an up-to-date employee. Her
pupils were greatly attached to her and were
sorry to have her leave.
The Halloween party given by the employees
and pupils last Friday evening was the bestio
many years. The children entered into the
spirit of the occasion and a better time could
not be wished for. Various stunts were pulled
off such as the egg* race, potato race, biting the
swinging apple, etc. But the parade was the
event of the evening. Each employee dressed
three pupils for the occasion as clowns, ghosts,
witches, beggars, rabbits, ball players, basket
Group of Girls, Seneca School, Wyandotte, Oklahoma
Carpenter C. R. Scott is spending a few weeks
on vacation.
There is but little sickness among the chil-
dten so far this year.
Laborer Thomas King and wife are the
happy parents of a fine girl baby brought by
the old stork a few days ago.
L. K. Cain has his basket ball team in good
working order. The team beat the Wyandotte
high school boys last Thursday, 8 to 2 .
Miss Naomi Dawson, a graduate of Haskell
and a teacher here for several years in the
primary room, resigned the first of October.
ballplayers, farmers, etc., all disguised so no one
knew who represented the different characters.
The procession marched from the girls' large
playroom to thediningroom keeping time by the
snare drum.- The large waiting crowd in the
dining room did not know what was coining
and was taken by surprise. Cheer after cheer
was given as the procession marched around
the room. Cookies, candy and apples were
served and all left feeling happy over the event
of the evening.
The Nativb American would appreciate
more correspondence from Oklahoma schools.
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'NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFE**
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume 15
November 14, 1914
dumber 3S
Bazaar of the \A/ashington Branch, National
Indian Association
Of the many organizations that have been
engaged for years in volunteer work for the
improvement of the conditions among the
Indians undoubtedly the National Indian as-
sociation has been among the most effective.
This association originated in 1879 and fully
organized in 1881. Since that time it has
opened the following missions:
1886
Mission to Pawnees, I. T 1884
Mission to Poncas, I. T. 1884
Mission to Otoes, I. T 1884
Mission to Sioux, S. D. 1886
Mission to Concows /
Mission to Ukies \ These six tribes
Mission to Pitt Rive. ) served at two sta-
Mission to Potter Varv ) tions at Round Val-
Mission to Little Lake / '-ey, California
Mission to Red Woods \
Mission to Bannocks and Shoshones, Idaho 1887
Mission to Omahas, Neb., at two stations 1887
Mission to Sioux, at Corn Creek, S. Dak 1887
Sticknej Memorial Home, Washington, built through our
home building department 1889
Mission at La Jolla, Temecula, Pechanga
Mission cottage and workers, Potrero
Mission at Cahuilla
Mission to Agua Caliente
Mission to Mission Indians, California
Preaching Stations at Saboba Rincon
Mission to Kiowas, I. T 1889
Mission at Greenville, Plumas Co., Cal. 1890
Mission at Crow Creek, S. Dak. Hospital work 1890
Mission to Apache Prisoners, Mt Vernon, Ala. 1891
Mission to Absentee Shawnees and Kickapoos, Okla. 1891
Mission to Seminoles, Fla., two stations 1891
Mission to 2,000 Hopi, Oraibi, Arizona 1862
Home for Aged Women, Porcupine Creek, S. Dak. 1892
Mission to 2,000 Piegans, Montana 1899
Mission to Walapai, Ariz. (School) 1894
Mission to Spokanes, Washington 1894
Mission to Uncompagre Utes 1897
o 1889
rt and
S 1893
00
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^be Battve Bmerican
Mission to Hopi, at First Mesa, Ariz. 1895
Mission to Hopi, at Second Mesa, Ariz 1897
Mission to Hoopa, Cal 1896
Mission at Martinez, Cal 1896
Mission to Navajos, Two Gray Hills, N. M. 1898
Mission to Shasta Co. Indians, Cal 1899
Navajo Hospital built, Jewett, N. M 1899
Work at Sitka, Alaska 1887
Mission to Yumas in Cal. 1901
Mission to Hopi at Moen Copi, Ariz. 1902
Mission to Navajos at Tuba, Ariz 1903
Mission to Navajos, Chin Lee, Ariz 1903
Mission in Greenville Chapel reopened 1903
Mission to Apache-Mojave, McDowell, Ariz 1903
Mission to Piute, Nev ■ 1907
Mission to Klamaths, Ore 1908
Mission to Navajo, Indian Wells, Ariz 1910
The Good Samaritan hospital, for the Navajos at Indian
Wells, Arizona, built 1912
The latest of these, the Good Samaritan
hospital, located at Indian Wells, Arizona,
was erected in the summer and fall of 1912,
and was partially occupied on September
15th of that year when the medical superin-
tendent established residence there and began
camp work. The hospital wards were opened
for patients and the dispensary was ready
for medical treatment on April 1, 1914. The
pentral portion of this building contains on
the ground floor a reception room, nurse's
room, dispensary, kitchen and diningroom
and a closet for medical supplies, linens, etc.
The second story of this portion of the build-
ing consists of one large room. At either
side of the central portion are hospital wards,
the men's wards to the left and the women's
to the right In front of each ward is a
:8leeping porch. The building is provided
with modem conveniences such as bath and
beating plant.
Of all of the agencies employed by the
Government or by volunteer workers for the
civilization and Christianization of any
primitive people the modern hospital has
•come to be recognized as one of the most
effective. What is true of primitive peoples
jgenerally is true of the Indians. Therefore,
this, the latest of the missions established
by the National Indian association, located
in the midst of the great Navajo tribe has a
remarkable field of work. That the Navajo
responds cordially to the efforts of those in
charge of the hospital is evidenced by the
following incidents recorded in that portion
of the annual report of missions for 1913
which relates to the Good Samaritan
hospital.
**At the Good Samaritan hospital important
work has been done during the past year.
This hospital, known to the Navajo as Kin-bi-
jo-ba-i (the house in which they are kind), was
erected by us in the summer and fall of 1913,
thoujfh the heating plant was not installed
until March, this year. The wards were
opened for patients and the dispensary was
ready for medical treatment on April 1. Our
medical superintendent had taken up her
residence there and began her work on Sep-
tember 15, 1912, but her work had been cooiined
to the camps and sh# brought to the hospital
only cases that were of too serious a nature to
be treated successfully in the squalid hogans.
Between that date and the opening of the
hospital ward and dispensary, on April first,
this year, 196 sick Indians were cared for in
the camps and 784 treatments given them.
Between April first and October first this year
377 Indians received 754 treatments at the dis-
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pboenix InOtan Scbool
513
pensary, and 66 patients were cared for in
the hospital ward.
It will thus be seen that, in addition to care
of the patients in hospital wards, there have
been 1,538 treatments given to sick Indians in
the camps and at our dispensary during the
past twelve months. While trachoma is a
scourge of the Navajo country and many of
the patients were treated for that disease,
there have been other cases each month need-
ing surgical skill, medical attention and nurs-
ing care. I mention a few cases other than
eye disease which will give an idea of the va-
ried treatments required. Patients have been
treated for tuberculosis, rheumatism, and sores
on head, face and body, swollen knee joints,
gathering in the ear, bronchitis, ulcerated teeth,
grippe, wounds on feet, abscesses, slight con-
cussion of the brain, fractured ribs, and frac-
tured shoulder. It is very gratifying to report
that though some of the cases were of very
serious nature not one patient has died during
the year. This fact has undoubtedly led the
Indians to look upon the medical work with fa-
vor. Had a death occurred at the hospital dur.
ing the first year the medical work would have
received a strong set-back, and it is probable
that the Indians would have refused to enter
the hospital for treatment.*'
A few incidents of the wards: "One of our
most interesting cases,'* writes Mrs. Johnston,
** is an old medicine man of about seventy
years. He had been kicked by a horse on the
knee joint and foot and was in great pain and
had a temperature of 104. He said between
his groans, 'I want to try your medicine* (they
have no idea of the scientific action of medi-
cine but think of every remedy as a charm).
He was so filthy that it was a trying task to
clean him but his response to treatment was
splendid, and on the third day he was able to
*kick his foot out like a boy,* he said. On the
fourth day, he said he would go home Sun-
day, if I thought best. On Saturday a Navajo
came in great haste for the old man to go
with him to his camp, some miles away, to
sing over a baby. They had another medicine
man, but he was not able to *get all the evil
spirit out* of the child, *just a little about the
size of my finger,' he informed us, and had
come in great haste to get the old man (who
is noted) to finish the work. The man who
came was a silversmith, so I said to him:
*Would you like to send a silver bracelet home
before it is done?* *No,* he replied. Then I
told him that I could not let the old man go,
and he went away satisfied. The patient re-
mained until Monday and went home well and
happy, praising our 'medicine.'**
Other cases: '^Neona, a little camp girl of
eight years was brought to our attention
shortly after we arrived on the field. The
ravages of trachoma were such that sight was
almost gone. She could not discern an object
a foot distant. We began to treat her in the
camp and later brought her to the hospital.
Now, after a year's treatment, she can see the
mountains many miles away.
**An old Indian woman came to us in a run-
down chronic condition. She responded well
to treatment and was discharged after two
weeks in the hospital. A few days later she
was thrown from a horse and came back to us
with a wound in the head and two fractured
ribs. She soon made a fine recovery.
**A bright Navajo came to us with a deep
tubercular ulcer (»n his shoulder, and one on
his face. He brought his little step-daughter,
who had trachoma, also his wife, a very
bright camp woman, who came to help us with
the work. After several weeks' treatment he
became discouraged and went away to the
camp of a relative. We learned afterwards
that the medicine man had told him his wife
was the cause of his sickness and if he re-
mained at the hospital he would die. The
step-daughter and her mother are still with
us; the child, who was almost entirely bHnd, is
making good progress, and the mother is a
splendid help in the work."
Mrs. W. H. Chany and the members of the
Washington branch of the National Indian
association will hold a bazaar at the New
Willard on the eighteenth of November for
the benefit of the Good Samaritan hospital.
One of the interesting features of the program
will be the exhibiting of a number of stereop-
ticon slides representing activities of all kinds
among adult Indians on the reservation and
in the Indian schools throughout the country.
These pictures have all been procured recently
and represent the progress that is being made
by the Indians in various sections of the
country. The efforts being made by the Na-
tional Indian association to support such an
institution as the Good Samaritan hospital
are worthy of the most hearty response from
all friends of the Indians.
The Native American would appreciate
more correspondence from Oklahoma schools.
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514
Zbc Vlative Bmetican
The Native American
entered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student' Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVK CENTS A YEAR
Mr. and Mrs. Klingenberg and children of
McDowell were here for several days this
week.
The Indian school band has been busy this
week, providing music on several occasions at
the fair grounds and concerts in the city.
Mrs. Ralph P Stanion arrived Sunday even-
ing with a party of Pawnee pupils. She
remained several days to rest and spent one
day visiting the Arizona State fair.
The academic teachers were allowed Tues-
day in which to attend the State Teachers*
association meeting this week in Phoenix.
John Curley and wife returned this week
to the Cook Bible school and brought with
them several Navaho pupils for this school.
Supt. Peter Paquette of the Navaho reser-
vation arrived in the city Wednesday even-
ing. He was a visitor at the school on Thurs-
day.
F. R Schanck of the irrigation service
dropped in this week. Mr. Schanck was
recently transferred from Los Angeles to
the Washington office.
Early in the week arrivals from Sacaton
included Superintendent Thackery and fam-
ily, Mr. and Mrs. Ward, Mr. and Mrs. Moore,
Mr. and Mrs. Plake and son James, Mr. and
Mrs. Humbarger, Mrs. Hall and Miss Hill.
We regret to learn of the death of Supt.
Charles H. Dickson of Leupp agency, Arizona.
Mr. Dickson's health has been failing for sev-
eral years, but it had been hoped that he
would recuperate. He entered the Indian
Service in 1879 and was for years supervisor
and special agent.
Mrs. J. J. Taylor of Camp Verde came
down Friday night with two Mohave Apache
girls for enrollment. She remained over
Sunday.
A news dispatch from Los Angeles an-
nounces the death of Gen. A. R. Chaffee who
figured prominently in the Indian history of
Arizona's early days. He was at one time
agent of the San Carlos reservation, and
later in charge of the post at Camp Mc-
Dowell.
Dr. Frank J. McKinley has been transferred
from the position of physician at Pala reser-
vation in California to superintendent and
physician of the Walker River Indian school,
Nevada. He succeeds Dr. H. V. Hailman,
The gold medal won by Lizzie Shields in
the junior declamation contest of 1907 was
found this week on the streets of Phoenix
by one of the city mail carriers and forwarded
to the superintendent's office at the Indian
School where it may be called for by the
owner.
A heavy rain fell in Salt River valley
Monday night, Tuesday and Tuesday night,
but the Arizona sun came out in all its
glory Wednesday morning and Fair wt5ek
ended with a sample of the southwest's best
brand of weather.
Superintendent Goodman drove to Mc-
Dowell Friday with Inspector Bass of the
Interior Department and Engineer Schanck
of the Indian Irrigation Service. Mr. Bass
is former governor of New Hampshire and
is making his first trip west under his new
position.
Some r^^cent changes in the Service arc
the transfer of Superintendent Charles K
Burton from Springfield, South Dakota, to
Santee, Nebraska; Miss MoUie V. Gaither,
prinicipal teacher at Chemawa, Oregon, goes
to Springfield as superintendent; Special
Agent Thomas K. Adreon is in charge of the
Leupp jurisdiction, and Charles E. McChes-
ney is the supervisor in charge at Greenville,
California.
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Pboentx Indian Scbool
515
Indians Win from Normal
Bu Mnj. E. P. Grinstead
For the first time this season we had a
football game on our own gridiron this
morning. And a corking good game it was,
too. Our team got 24 points and the Nor-
mal team got 6. They got their touchdown
on a neat trick olay that had all our men
running to one side of the line while the ball
was going around the other way. Our first
touchdown was made in five minutes on a
series of forward passes. With this start to
give the Indians confidence they outplayed
the Normals throughout the game and their
goal was approached but once — on the trick
play mentioned before.
All our men played with a snap and vigor
not before displayed this season. Their in-
terference and team work was good but they
shone particularly in the defence.
This Normal team played the game. There
was not a word of kicking or wrangling and
whatever the referee said went without
question. Both sides were penalized several
times but there was no kick. Aside from
winning it is a pleasure to have such players
on our field.
There must have been half a dozen of our
employees out to see the game.
The team goes to Tempe next Saturday
to play with the Normal team. Now let's
get behind this great little team and help
them win. Only two more games and we're
through. Let's help win them.
A Chippewa Indian Lodge
The following interesting clipping is taken
from the International Good Templar. Mr.
Edwards who wrote the letter is at the head
of the Grand Lodge of Good Templars of
Wisconsin, a position which was some years
ago filled by H. A. Larson, now chief special
officer of the liquor suppression department
of the Indian Service. Needless to say this
news is gratifying to Mr. Larson:
"It may be of interest to the readers of the
International to know that I organized a
lodge of the Chippewa Indians at Odanah,
Wisconsin, at the beginning of September.
Twenty-eight charter members and several
others have applications in for membership
at future meetings. The old chief with an
unpronounceable name, but when rendered
into English means Blackbird, joined, al-
though he cannot speak English. He is one
of the chiefs who ceded the Indian lands to
our national Government and one of the
clauses in the treaty declares that no intoxi-
cating liquors shall be sold or given away in
the ceded territory. This clause, however,
has been violated, as have other provisions
of the treaty, to somewhat detriment of the
Indians. The old chief must be 80 years old
but is as straight as an arrow, and full of vi-
tality for one of his age. He was glad the
white man had come to do them good instead
of harm them as had so often been his ex-
perience in the past. He urged the young
men to join the order, and asked the scholars
of his tribe to translate the ritual and the
work of our order in detail.
"A few department officers who are looking
after the welfare of the Indians also joined,
and it augurs well for the future of the lodge.
It also shows there is a change taking place
in the temperance question in this nation,
because some years ago none of the officials
would dare to identify themselves with the
dry forces. The Indian Department especi-
ally was very wet, and many of the officials
made money by debauching their wards,
and the complaint of graft was often heard.
Now, on the other hand, nearly all the
prominent officials connected with the In-
dian Department are clean men, and are
doing what they can to keep the Indians
away from liquor which seemed to be a
general failing among the otherwise noble
red menr— Thomas Edwards, G. C, T Wis-
consin.
Superintendent Babcock and two daugh-
ters came in Thursday morning from Parker
to attend the fair.
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XLbe native Bmertcan
NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Rosebud Boarding School, Mission,
South Dakota
By Special Correspondent.
October has been a most fortunate month
for Rosebud. First we were favored with a
visit from Hon. Cato Sells, Commissioner of
Indian Affairs; and second, Mr. McGregor of
Rainy Mountain, Oklahoma, has been appoint-
ed principal of this school. These influences
together with that of Charles Davis and his
wife who came lo Rosebud a few months ago
have been a great help and inspiration to this
school.
On October first. Commissioner Sells visited
our school, inspecting the entire plant and ad-
dressing employees and pupils in assembly.
We will not soon forget the strength and en-
couragement of his words and the power of his
personality, for the Commissioner has a great
heart and soul in his work which inspires all
who can appreciate a character like his to
more noble and earnest effort. His power of
speech, his love for the Indian work, his kind-
liness and friendliness, his justice, touches
all with whom he comes in contact. At this
coming Thanksgiving season we can join heart
and hand with many others in the service, and
say we are thankful that our President has
chosen Judge Cato Sells to be at the head of
Indian Affairs,
On the same evening the Commissioner met
all the employees of the agency, and gave an
address there which was much appreciated by
all. After the address, those who were pres-
ent were entertained at the home of Mr. and
Mrs. Davis, where a most enjoyable evening
was spent. The pleasure of a social evening
with our esteemed agent and his wife, together
with the pleasure and privilege of meeting
and hearing the Commissioner is one long to be
remembered. Some of the day school people
not too far distant were present.
The next day the Commissioner visited the
fair at Rosebud where he was very enthusias-
tically welcomed by the Indians. He went
from camp to camp talking to them, and as he
drove away the crowds cheered and cheered,
the Sioux women as well as the men joining in
cheering. They nearly filled his auto with
bead work and other gifts. One old man
pulled his moccasins off his feet and threw them
in the car as his ttfken of respect. The Commis-
sioner was very much pleased at being so
kindlv received by the Dacotahs. And so it
is, his true honest spirit is felt and recognized
by all. Indians and Indian Service workers
seem to feel new life, hope and encourag'e-
ment in the great work of Indian education.
The Indian fair was held at the Rosebnd
agency on the first, second and third days of
October. The agricultural exhibits were very
good, as were the exhibits from several of the
day schools. It is a picturesque sight to see
many Dacotah camps arranged so as to form
a great circle. About 3,500 Indians attended
the fair. Ail the schools were dismissed dur-
ing the time so that the children could go
with their parents. All the employees from
the boarding school attended. Some who
were there Saturday were kindly entertained
by Mrs. Olop, wife of Supervisor Olop, and
Mrs. Vebout, whose husband is agency phy-
sician.
Mr. McGregor with his wife and little boy
arrived here October 15. He comes to take
charge of our school and we are very glad to
welcome them. While Mr. McGregor has been
here but a short time, we feel, judging from the
work he has begun, that he i» the man we
want and need for this school. The improve-
ments and changes have been recognized by
pupils as well as employees, and if he has
seen some of the home letters of our girls
and boys, written during the past week, he
can not but feel gratified that the children too
have taken recognition of his efforts for the
betterment of the school, as many of them
wrote most kindly about their new principal.
At the beginning he has gained the respect
and confidence of all. He is sacrificing a
better position to stay with the school and
carry out the plans of Commissioner Sells
and Superintendent Davis, for since coming
to the school he has been offered a position
to return to the Philippines where he was
supervising teacher for several years. We
should greatly appreciate the sacrifice he is
making.
We expect to move into our new school
building after the holidays. It is nearing
completion under the supervision of Mr. Olop,
supervisor of construction, who also has charge
of ihe new hospital under construction at the
agency.
Halloween has come and gone with its good
times. Parties for the smaller children were
given Friday evening, and for the older pupils
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^boenlx Indian Scbool
517
Saturday evening. The talk about Halloween
by Mr. McGregor, and games and refreshments
were enjoyed by all. Other features were jick-
oManterns, ghosts, and witches, the latter tell-
ing fortunes.
St. Mary's school (Episcopal) about three
miles from here was found to be on fire at 3
o'clock Sunday morning, October 11. Mr. Bor-
deaux gave the alarm here and went quickly
to assist, as did many others in the neighbor-
hood and the building was saved from utter loss
although considerable damage was done by fire
and water in two rooms. Miss Davies, the
superintendent, showed great presence of mind
while they were in danger. St. Mary's is a
girls' school.
Mr. Hinkerton, the Congregational mission-
ary, is building a parsonage near our school,
and the Catholics are planning to build a
church near here. The Episcopalians have
built a beautiful little chapel about a mile from
here.
In closing, we hope it is not too late to say a
few words about our attendance at the institute
held at Flandreau, last July. The Rosebud
reservation had the largest representation of
any at the institute, and some told us there that
we liked to boast about it a little. Twenty school
employees were present; one from the boarding"
school, and the rest from the day schools. An
other boarding school teacher attended the
institute at Chilocco. Mr Peairs expressed
himself pleased with the attendance from here,
and Mrs. Newton complimented the day school
people of this reservation very highly on the
success of their reading circle.under the super-
vision of Mr. Henke, day school supervisor.
Flandreau, South Dakota
yVeekly Ut'vieu\
James E. Howard arrived from Standing
Rock this week and has taken charge of the
tailor shop. Joseph Campbell also arrived
here and has entered on duty as assistant en-
gineer.
A change has been made at Santee agency
whereby Supt. E*. E. Mclntyre goes to Sho-
shoni as chief clerk, and Supt. Chas. E. Bur-
ton of the Springfield school goes to Santee
as superintendent. While it is not officially
announced it is understood that the Spring-
field school is to be under the jurisdiction
of the Santee agency.
A serious fire occured at Fort Totten school
a few days ago in which eighteeli horses were
burned or suffocated by smoke. The school
barn was burned there last year, and on ac-
count of the delay in securing funds for re-
building, the basement was covered with a
temporary roof for use this winter. In some un-
accountable manner fire originated in the hay
above the horses and when it was discovered it
was beyond control.
A remarkable occurrence took place at Walk-
er, Minnesota, on the shores of L/eech L<ake,
recently when Mrs. Vincent, wife of President
George H. Vincent of the University of Min-
nesota, was adopted as a member of the L/eech
I^ake band of Chippewa. The interesting event
took place at or near the summer home of G. H.
Nelson with all of the pomp and ceiemony
usually present on such occasions. A large
number of Indians were present all in full tri-
bal regalia which made the occasion a brilliant
social event.
Word comes from Red Lake that the popular
trader there, John G. Morrison has been elected
a county commissioner for Beltrami county.
In his home precinct he received 116 votes to 3
given his opponent. John is one of the progres-
sive Indians of the state and has made good in
all of his undertakings. He graduated from
Carlisle in about 1894, entering the Indian Ser-
vice as teacher at Oneida, Wisconsin.
A Revival at Crow
Commissioner Sells, unannounced, arrived
at Crow agency on October 6. During his visit
he gave the entire reservation a most compre-
hensive survey. He rode, at the very least,
five hundred miles in all directions, examining
schools, calling upon the missionaries, inspect-
ing the irrigation work and the cattle industry,
visiting Indian homes, meeting the Indians in
council, talking with them individually and
listening always with the utmost deference and
patience to their wishes or complaints. In
nearly all of his trips he was entirely unac-
companied except by a driver. Nothing escaped
his eye, and he asked information of every-
one with whom he came in contact, no matter
how humble. As a consequence, there is prob-
ably no one more generally familiar with
conditions on the reservation than the Com-
missioner himself.
The results of his visit are already apparent.
It is not merely in material improvements al-
ready under way, but in that indefinable gain
in spirit, in stamina and purpose. He has
talked with force and directness to the Indians,
making them feel that they have a sure and
sympathetic friend, but that friendship means
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518
^be Viattve Bmerican
mutual confidence and oblij^ations; that he
intends to do his part, but they also have a
part to perform. To employees he has
made it clear in wisely chosen words that he
has no sympathy with the selfish equation in
their work, and that the ideals he wishes to
have dominate are those of patience and
cooperation, efficiency, and sympathetic serv-
ice. A broader spirit of helpfulness towards
the Indian himself, constructive and vitaliz-
ing, characterizes the Commissioner's attitude;
it is the human side of the problem which
appeals to him.
Superintendent and Mrs. Estep gave a recep-
tion in his honor, this being the only entertain-
ment for which he allowed himself any oppor-
tunity. The residents of the village were all
invited, the employees remaining to hear the
Commissioner speak after the reception. The
other official visitors on this occasion were
Chief Inspector E- B. L<innen, Special Agent
Fred S. Cook, Dr. C. H. Dewey and Mrs. E. E.
Newton.
Crow is again on the map, but the color of
it is changed from black to the red of courage
and new purpose. — Indian School Journal,
Quiniault Indians Feel Prosperity through
Change
With the separation of the Quiniault Indian
reservation from the jurisdiction of the Cush-
man Indian school, the appointment of an
Indian agent and disbursing officer at Tahola,
on the Quiniault, the Government Indian Serv-
ice has opened the way for a new life and
prosperity on the reservation, according to
Congressman Albert Johnson, who has returned
to this district after 22 months spent at Wash-
ington,
•*I intend to make a visit to the reservation
before returning to Washington," Mr. Johnson
said, **and want to personally investigate the
needs and wants of the tribe. A bill provid-
ing for the construction of a building on the
reservation, to cost $10,000, will come before
the next congress. An appropriation for a
$50,000 fish hatchery has already been obtained
for the tribe and other steps have been taken
to care for the Quiniault and to make their
life better."
According to Mr. Johnson, the work which
has been done for the tribe during the last
year is indirectly the result of the charges
which were made against the former superin-
tendent and the allotting agent of the tribe.
These charges led to an investigation and the
real situation of the Indians and the deplor-
able conditions under which they were living,
resulted in prompt action on the part of the In-
dian affairs Commissioner and Congressman
Johnson in remedying these conditions.
The first thing done was the separation of
the two agencies and the selection of a man
to take charge of affairs at Tahola. This was
followed by taking up the matter of a fish
hatchery to conserve the Quiniault salmon, a
species of fish which is peculiar to the Quini-
ault river, and commands the highest price
on the market. Only the Indians can fish for
this salmon. The new hatchery for which Mr.
Johnson obtained an appropriation of SSO.OOO
will be the most modern and up-to-date in the
nation and will mean thousands of dollars to
Tahola village.
The Chinook Indians also were taken care
of and their demands — which have been made
off and on for sixty-three years— for $66,000 due
them under their treaties, was taken care of.
The Indians will receive their money.
At the Quiniault the new Indian agent is
rapidly getting matters in shape so that the
tribe will soon realize their long dream of an
independent village, with their own saw-mill,
their own fish hatchery, and practically home
rule for themselves.
Another bill was passed by the present Con-
gress appropriating money for a light at Cape
Elizabeth on the reservation, and providing
that the Indians should be paid for the land
taken. This is something the tribe has been
demanding foi years, but could get no hearing
on, until the investigation of the charge made
against the former agent.
**The charges made against the former
superintendent and the allotting agent, irres-
pective of whether or not there was any truth
to them, have resulted in lasting benefit to the
Quiniault tribe," the congressman said. — 7a-
conta {Washington) Tribune.
Rules on Behavior
The academic teachers of the Phoenix In-
dian school note with pleasure the rales on
behavior in the October 21 edition of the Sher-
man Bulletin, Such articles are the right
kind for our school papers and if such rules
are taught in the schools and followed by the
pupils our efforts will surely be appreciated by
those with whom the Indian pupils come in
contact. Behavior is an index to our char*
acter.
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Let Something Good
Be Said
One of the most unpleasant things
that marks many people is the habit of
unkind cri.icism. Some persons of great
ability, broad knowledge, and otherNA^se
genial spirits make themselves obnoxious
to all iheir friends by a persistent dispo-
sition to criticize adversely those whom
they know. Every little fauk is magnified,
every mannerism that is not in accordance
with their own is condemn .ed, and the
spirit of bitterness is unconsciously devel-
oped within themselves so that their own
nature becomes soured, and in conse-
quence they become offensive to those
whom they might otherwise bless.
It is a good rule to say nothing of a
person unless you can speak well of him.
This habit is as easily formed as the
reverse, and it lends sweetness and cheer-
fulness to the disposiiion, and brightens
the world with gladness. Young people
should be careful that in their education
they form 1 abits that will make them-
selves sweeter, m'jike them a greater bless-
ing, and lay the foundation for rich, profit-
able maturity.— 5er^r«*
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Papago Woman Making Cheese
Photo hy roiirtt'titi of Dr. ./. A. M'uplnj
m
^^mm
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*'NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFB"'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
DevoUd to Indian Education
Volume IS
November 21, 1914
9{ismber39
I
I
PAPAGO RESEKVATION i
QVER three hundred and fifty
years ago, and within a few
years after the discovery of
this continent, the Franciscan
fathers journeyed north in the
Spanish domain and establish-
ed the now famous San Xavier mission, in
the fertile valley of the Santa Cruz river.
The parishioners of this old lime mission
were then as today the Papago Indians who
through the centuries have continued to
imbibe slowly, but none the less surely, the
principles of civilization.
The Papago always have been friendly
with the wnites and, it is safe to say, if it
were not for the assistance these men gave
thirty, forty and fifty years a^o, many of the
settlements of southern Arizona would
have been wiped out by the Apache and
the civilization of the state delayed for some
time.
Forty years ago the United States Govern-
ment, in order t) protect the rights and in-
dustries of these people, reserved for them
a tract of land nine by fifteen miles and
most of the land they had in cultivation in
their primitive way many hundreds of years
before.
In 1890 much of this land was allotted to
two hundred and ninety-one Papago and
from that time to the present a very
obvious charge has taken place. The well
built houses of adobe bricks, with two or
more rooms with windows and doors suflB-
cient to let in the wholesome light and air of
this delightful climate, are sup?rseding the
brush plastered huts that were used by the
former generations. Tneir fields, instead
of small irregular patches, surrounded by
]
brush and mesquite, are fenced with sub-
stantial wire fences and for the most part
of the year are kept clean and free from
noxious weeds.
Instead of a crooked stick which served
for a plow and picking the ripened grain by
hand, they are using the most labor saving
and up to date agricultural implements the
market affords.
The only apparent hindrance in their
progress toward the goal to which they
aspire— that of being independent and self-
supporting citizens— is a story old and pa-
thetic, the lack of water or the facilities for
getting it for irrigation purposes.
Years ago two large springs, one called
Agua de la Mission and the other Acequia
de la Punta de Agua, were the sources of an
abundant supply of the purest water for irri-
gation purposes. But with the advent of
the white men, the mountains and hills sur-
rounding the valley of the Santa Cruz were
stocked with cattle and horses to graze on
the abundant growth of grass that covered
them. The same story applies in all valleys
of the arid west. The grass gone, the infre-
quent but heavy rains come and with nothing
to retain the water on the mountain slopes
it dashes down the sides making an arroyo
of every trail, terminating by cutting enor-
mous troughs in the valley below and de-
stroying the usefulness of the life-giving
springs of the past. As a result these Indians
find themselves fully equipped with land,
tools and knowledge of agriculture but with
an insuflicient supply of water for the pur-
pose of irrigating.
The city of Tucson, which is located ten
miles north of the San Xavier agency, to-
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522
The Native Americafl
gether with the different mining camps
scattered through here, affords an excellent
market for the products of the reservation,
as well as that produced by the seminomadic
Papago that inhabit the public domain as
far south as the Mexican border.
The population of this reservation, includ-
ing the village near Tucson, numbers about
one thousand Indians. There are also in-
cluded under this jurisdiction about four
thousand Papago on the public domain and
on tentatively allotted lands over the south-
western portion of Pima county.
Papago Women ai a Well
The principal occupation of these people
is that of farming and stock raising, a life
well suited to the health and contentment
of the race. The long growing season per-
mits the advantage of the double crop system.
The small grains, such as wheat, oats and
barley, are sown in the months of November
and December and harvested in April and
May. The ground may then be planted to
<5orn, garvanzos, melons, squash and beans
4W any of the sorghum grains which in turn
are harvested before it is time to plant small
grain in the fall.
The Papago reservation is the home of the
native bean called tepari about which so
much has been written and said of late years.
Thousands of pounds of them are raised aD-
nually in the desert country where the water
supply is limited to a few showers each year.
The tepari cooks quickly at a low temperature,
which is a consideration in a high altitude,
as well as being prolific and drought re-
sistant.
Many people who hear or speak of nomadic
Papago have in mind a people who roam
around from place to place as a matter of
habit or choice; but such is not the case-
In this desert country there are thousands
of acres of land where water is not to be had
from wells— at least in a reasonable depth.
Yet from the moisture retained from oc-
casional rains it will produce an abundance of
grasses. By a system of dikes and ditches
the ingenious Papago contrives to accumu-
late some of this rain on land previously
prepared and succeeds in raising crops of
grain and beans about three years out of five.
Also by the aid of these dikes water is stored
in small deep circular reservoirs, which serve
man and beast alike as long as it lasts.
But dui ing the dry season when the reservoirs
or ' charcos" are dried up they must move
back to the mountains where water may be
had by wells in the granite.
The last Congress appropriated twenty
thousand dollars for the purpose of sinking
wells for stock and domestic purposes in these
valley homes for the Papago. When^this is
done the mountain villages will be abandon-
ed, permanent homes will be established m
the villages, and the prefix "nomadic'>ill be
dropped in speaking of the Papago Indians.
The women of this tribe take great pride
in the art of basket and pottery making
which has come in these days to be^a prof-
itable industry. These industries, in the
process of civilization, have not eliminated
the old time characteristics of the patterns
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Phoenix Indian School
523
and designs which are handed down from
mother to daughter for generations.
Among other things with which the Papago
women occupy their time is the gathering
of the cactus fruit and preparing it for the
table. Excellent jam, jellies and syrup,
though made in their own crude way, serve
to vary their simple menu.
The Government maintains two day schools
in this jurisdiction, one located in the village
near Tucson, which enrolls forty to forty-five
pupils, and one within the walls of the old
SanXavier mission which has been restored
of this work will be of great value to the res-
ervation at large and be of great assistance
in the general scheme of Indian education.
In questions pertaining to livelihood and
economic conditions the Papago differs but
little from the average tribe in Arizona. In
point of morality, cleanliness and self-reli-
ance it is the concensus of opii ion of people
who know the Papago that they are much
ahead of any other tribe on the continent.
These Indians have been given no assist-
ance worihy the name l)y this Government
until the last f( ur or five years, but they
r^
..
V
...^. .4.
r
-
. dians at San Xavier near Tucson, Arizona
and refitted to such an extent that the school
rooms, of which there are three in number, are
ttiost ideal in their location and fitness for
the purpose. About one hundred and thirty
pupils are ennl'ed here.
Fifty thousand dollars has been appro-
priated for the purpose of establishing day
schools during the present year in the desert
villages in the western portion of this super-
intendency, and the work in constructing
them will begin this winter. The influence
(Continued
have pr.\^i('^se(l and become more like their
whit(- brethren in civilizariou than most
other Indians.
The influence of the white man to the
valleys of the state has made a division of
the scant visible supply of water for irriga-
tion necessary and as a rule the Indian has
been the 1 1st to be supplied. However, the
Indian Office and employees generally have
been working overtime of late in a des.
on patfe 526.)
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524
The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Entered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student- Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWfiNTY-FlVE CENTS A YEAR
Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Snook of San Carlos
were guests of Mrs. Florence Perkins and
attending the fair last week.
The purchasing department of the school
is negotiating for a generous supply of tur-
keys from the Indians at McDowell for the
pupils* Thanksgiving dinner.
The race through high school is just like
a horse race — there are always a lot of good
starters, but only a few finishers. — High
School Echo.
The Indians play football this afternoon at
Tempe with the Normals, and it is hoped a
good accompaniment of rooters for the In-
dian school team will attend the game.
Miss Edith Dabb, so well known through-
out the Service as field secretary of the
Y. W. C. A. work among the Indians, is re-
ported much improved in health. Miss
Dabb's many friends will be glad to hear
this news.
Special Agent Harry T. Brown made the
school a call early in the week, and on
Tuesday was taken to Maricopa by Superin-
tendent Goodman in the automobile. Dr.
Murphy also made the trip out and he and
Mr. Goodman returned home by Gila Cross-
ing.
Herman Alia, a Phoenix graduate of 1909,
is temporary day school teacher at Gila
Grossing, taking the place left vacant by
Mrs. Lillian E. Johnson, who resigned to
enter public school work near Phoenix.
Mrs. Alis, formerly MoUie Osif, of the same
class, has been housekeeper at the day school
for several years.
President Wilson has approved November
29 as Tuberculosis day, inaugurated by the
National association. During the week
clergymen and educators all over the country
will unite in the campaign against tubercu-
losis and study methods of arresting and pre-
venting this disease.
William T. Moore, Alfred Jackson and
Antonio Martinez went to Tucson Friday
morning to attend the Y. M. C. A. convention
of Arizona and New Mexico meeting there
in a three days' session. These boys repre-
sent the Indian School organization.
Miss Moore, traveling representative of
the Y. W. C. A., met at the school Thurs-
day evening with the oflBcers of the local
branch. Miss Moore will come Sunday even-
ing at 7:20 when she wishes to meet a large
number of the girls in the sittingroom at the
girls' home.
Superintendent Goodman left Friday night
for Friant, California, to escort a party of
pupils back to Phoenix. He slopped at Park-
er, Arizona, enroute, leaving Amy Welch and
and Flora Quisquinaway, whose term of en-
rollment has expired. Myrtle Little and
Pearl Manitaba, the other two Parker girls
who were due to go home, decided to remain
in Phoenix as outing girls the remainder of
the year.
All Big Fellows
Montana cloims to hold the prize for the
size of its Indian superintendents and if any
other state wants to challenge its claim this
is what it must beat. They were all at the
United States court in Butte and Helena re-
cently and tipped the beam as follows:
C. B. Lohmiller of Fort Peck, 260 nounds:
John R. Eddy of Tongue River, 247 pounds;
Arther E. McFatridge of Blackfeet, 230
pounds; Evan W. Estep of Crow, 224 pounds;
H. H. Miller of Fort Belknap, 180 pounds, and
the runt of the lot, Fred Morgan of Flathead,
after a long siege of grippe brought up the
rear at 157 pounds. None of these are fat
men; they are just big.
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Phoenix Indian School
525
Making Movies for Uncle Sam
H. T. Cowling, official photographer, U. S.
Reclamation Service, has recently returned
from a 17.000 miles trip through the west
securing motion picture film for the Govern-
ment exhibit at the Panama-Pacific ex-
position.
In addition to securing pictures showing
the results attained by the Government in
reclaiming the arid section Mr. Cowling
spent considerable time on the Indian re-
servation, picturing the life of the American
Indians of today. He also secured pictures
of the ancient clifT dwellings and several of
our national playgrounds, taking thousands
of feet of motion picture film which will be
used after the exposition in connection with
lectures designed to awaken interest m the
beauties of our own country.
Probably the most interesting* feature of
Mr. Cowling's summer work was the "Ro-
mance of Irrigation," staged on one of the
Government projects, showing all the steps
taken in securing and developing a farm on
an irrigation project. The film takes one
from the time the tired school teacher reads
the Government advertisement, writes to
Washington, goes to the desert country, puts
up her shack, learns the methods of irri-
gating, falls in love with a neighboring
bachelor, and goes in partnership with him
for life.
Mr. Cowling is now in the Washington
laboratory finishing and assembling this
material for the exposition and other lec-
tures— Sherman Bulletin.
Dr. Keck, formerly school physician at
Albuquerque, New Mexico, and now a tra-
choma expert in the Indian Service, called
on Superintendent Conser yesterday after-
noon. Dr. Keck was on his way to Banning
— Sherman Bulletm.
Tribute to a Papago
Carl Lumholtz in his book, **New Trails
in Mexico," says of a graduate of the Tuc-
son. Arizona, Training school (Presbyterian):
"My sole companion was Jose Xavier Pablo,
a full-blooded, civilized native of that (Pap-
ago) tribe, twenty-six years old. He had
learned carpentry in Tucson, in which he
was as proficient as any man. He also was
a painter and plumber; in fact, he could
turn his hand to almost anything of a practi-
cal nature. Thus, assisted by two other In-
dians, he had put up the telephone between
Tucson and the Presbyterian mission school,
which he had frequented for nine years. He
furnished his own wagon and two hardy
horses, and before starting he shod his horses
himself Pablo also served as my inter-
preter. He was intelligent and reliable, be-
sides being of an unusually even temper;
during the two months we traveled to-
gether I do not remember ever to have
krown him cross or to lose his temper.
Mr. Lumholtz says further: "In Tucson
I parted with Pablo who, not speaking Span-
ish, would be less useful in Mexico, which I
prepared next to enter. He had been a pleas-
ant and efficient companion and assistant.
He had, he said, read the Bible twice; the
stories of the creation and the prophecies
interested him most, as well as Christ's
sayings, which he did not think people lived
up to. He was fond of historical reading
and had a great liking for Longfellow's
'Courtship of Miles Standish.' He was also
fond of reading newspapers and magazines.
His moral ideas were of the highest order,
without being the least artificial. Quick in
action and punctual in keeping an engage-
ment, he combined respect for truth with
absolute honesty. Kind, hospitable and
confiding, he remained essentially Indian,
but his liberal education and his fondness
for reading had developed him into an inde-
pendent, thinking, human being."— /rzdirfl/2'«
Fnend.
Thursday evening Mr Stacy provided a
very appetizing luncheon which was greatly
enjoyed in the social hour following the
regular teachers' meeting.
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B26
The Native American
PAPAGO RESERVATION
(Continaed from page 52S.)
per ate effort to e&tablish his rights in that
essential element.
The health of the Papago is probably better
than that of the average tribe of the state,
but, as all others, they are subject to the
dread diseases of tuberculosis and trachoma.
Fifteen thousand dollars have been appro-
priated with which to build a hospital in
the near future here and with that equip-
ment we will be able to raise the general
standard of health to a large extent.
Much more might be said of the Papago
tribe of Indians; their industry, habits, and
peculiarities, but we fear the article is al-
ready trespassing on the space of others.
In closing we feel constrained to say that
mentally and morally the Papago as a
people must be ranked annoDg the best of
Arizona's "Native Americans."
Indians Win 43 Premiums in Agriculture
One of the largest and most interesting
exhibits at the state fair was that of the In-
dians of Arizona. All of their exhibits this
year were in competition with all other ex-
hibirs and the f.ict tiiat they have taken
twenty-ihire first premiums and twenty
seeojui preniinrns on tlieir ex!ji!)its is in it-
self a s;)Ie:i li 1 eaiiors'Mueiit for the iiidnstry
and Int'lj^enee of tiie Iiidi.ns of Arizona
as well as the Ii.dhin StMVice, v\l.ich is headtd
by Ca:o Si '!»^, Coimiii^sioner of Indian Af-
fjirs at W is'iiii^;;')!!. He has been e.'-pecialiy
inl(?;e^ted ui Indian fi.irs and vvlierever possi-
ble i^ p!e..sMi to have them enter into eom-
petiii)n with their white nei-hbors. His in-
terest in this line is indicated by the follow-
ing telegram addressed to Snpt. Frank A.
Thaekery. who has been in cliarge of the
general Indian exhibit, including Indiansports
on Indian day:
Washington, D. C, Xov. 9, 1914.
Thackerj, superinlendenl:^ ^
Be?»t wisiies for success of Indian exhibit at
state fair. Flease convey my thanl^s to fair
officials for their cooperation, I very much re-
g:ret my inability to be present.
Sells, Commissioner.
Arizona has approximately 44,000 Indians
within its border, practically all full-bloods.
This is a greater Indian population than
that of any other state excepting Oklahoma,
and even in Oklahoma it is necessary to
count in the freedmen or adopted negroes be-
fore the number there is in excess of that of
Arizona.
The state fair authorities have been very
\\\n ral in rfivin^ space for Indian exhibits
at the present fair. In addition to space
allotpd for a<^ricul:nral exhibits four lar^i^e
booths were provided for the class room
and shop exhibits of the different Indian
schools by the state. Two of these booths
were filled by a very creditable exhibit from
the Phoenix Indian School, which is one of
the largest Ii.dian schcols in the United
States. The ether two booths were filled by
exhibits from the various day and boarding
schools.
The state fair commissioners and other
officials of the state of Arizona have mani-
fested a greater interest in the Indians of
their state than that of any other state fair
association, and Commissioner Sells and the
Indian Service have expressed their appreci-
ation of the opportunity thus afforded to
show to the public what the Indians and
the Indian Service are really doing.
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Phoenix Indian School
527
So far blue ribbons (first premiums)
have been awarded to Indians of Arizona on
the following articles:
Department L, agricultural: Twenty-three
first premiums, including alfalfa bay, sor-
ghum seed, barley, milling wheat, yellow
and white fiint corn, Indian soft corn, pop-
corn, sweet potatoes, squash, pumpkins, can-
taloupes, tepary, Mexican and lima beans,
amber cane, milo and feterita classed as
other grain sorghums.
Red ribbons (or second premiums) were
awarded to Indians in the agricultural
department on twenty separate items.
The Apache Medicine Disk
The Native American is indebted to Supt
Albert B. Reagan of Nett Lake, Minnesota*
for the following story of the Apache medi-
cine man s ceremony. The article is a re-
print from the proceedings of the Indiana
Academy of Science, 1903.
This disk is used as a last resort in the
Apache medicine ceremonies. It is drawn
on a leveled sanded spot of ground some six-
teen feet in diameter. The material used in
paintinji the figures is obtained as follows:
The green is ground up leaves; the red,
ground up sandstone; the yellow ground up
limestone; the black powdered charcoal.
The rings separating the concentric spaces
are rainbow circles. The central figure is
the sun, and the squares associated with the
sun are the medicine blocks. The first and
second concentric spaces from the central
area represent land; the space in which the
frogs are swimming, water; and the outer
concentric, the abode of the gods.
This drawing is an Apache prayer in an
elaborate form. In it they have all the gods
of the universe represented, and on the
mercy of these gods they throw the patient
As has been stated this is a last resort
The gods can either make the sick one well
OT take him to themselves, that is, to the
happy hunting ground.
When this drawing is completed, which is
always at about four o'clock in the after-
noon of the same day in which it was
commenced, the patient is carried and placed
on the central figure with face toward the
evening sun. A medicine dancer wearing
a ghost hat then enters the medicine circle,
and, carrying a bowl partly filled with water
in one hand, he takes a pinch of dust from
each of the representative figures and puts
it into the bowl. Having completed his
dust-gathering, he proceeds to the sick one
and daubs him all over with the muddied
water. This being completed, he sends a
hissing breath through his hands, thus ex-
pelling sick to the four quarters of the earth.
He then leaves the medicine circle and
gallops off into obscurity. When he has de-
parted, the chief medicine man, after sprink-
ling the patient with cattail flag pollen as
he prays to the gods, takes up the bowl of
muddied water left by the ghost dancer
and daubs the patient as the ghost dancer
had daubed him before, while those present
chant a medicine song to the gods. When
he has completed his task, the oldest woman
present takes the muddied bowl and coc
tinues the daubing process. Her act com
pletes the ceremony. The sick one is then
carried from the scene and all who wish
gather dust from the representatives of the
gods and put it into some containing re-
ceptacle, usually a tobacco sack. The dust
gathering being completed, the medicine
disk is at once obliterated. It must be
made, used, and destroyed in a day.
On the night following the Gunelpiya
medicine disk performances, the ghost dance
is given for the benefit of the sick one. The
next day the patient usually dies.
Thanksgiving services will be held at the
school next Thursday morning. At 9:30
mass and sermon will be held at the girls*
home for the Catholic children. At 1 0 o'clock
Dr. H. M. Campbell will conduct the Protest-
ant service in the auditorium.
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The Native American
NEWS FROM OTHER SCHOOLS
Roster of Employees, Oglala Boarding
School
Oglala Light.
The twenty. eight positions at the Oglala
Indian training school are filled as follows:
Dr. Ralph H. Ross^ Principal and physician
J. B. Shell,
Fannie 13. Williams,
EJmily W. Gulhrie,
Ray Schultz,
Mrs. Marie B. Stelzner,
Francis Chapman,
Miss Cora M. Embree,
Mrs. Maude M. Frass, Assistant Matron (Boys)
Mrs. O. D. Care, Assistant Matron (Girls)
Principal teacher
Intermediate teacher
Primary teacher
Additional teacher
Kindergartner
Disciplinarian
Matron
Seamstress
Assistant seamstress
I^aundress
Baker
Cook
Assistant cook
Hospital matron
Miss Annie Williams,
Miss Lizzie Allen,
Mrs. lyulu E. Shell,
Mrs. Edith Chapman,
Mrs. Mary Van Wert,
Miss L/evina Means,
Mrs. Wilhelmina B. Ross,
Miss Sadie Whirlwind Horse,
Assistant hospital matron
Mrs. Kate S. Harvey, Teacher of housekeeping
Farmer
Manual traiiiinj;^ teacher
Carpenter
Shoe and harnessmaker
Engineer
Assistant engineer
Gardener and dairyman
Printer and bandmaster
Night watchman
Arthur Beaver,
Eli Skenandore,
George W. Stigers,
Paul Molzahn
Arthur Van Wert,
O. D. Carey,
James Mumblehead,
Andrew Knife
Cantonment, Oklahoma.
By Special Correspondent.
Superintendent Wisdom's children havejust
recovered from measles.
The lease clerk is busy getting out leases
for the incoming year.
Elizabeth Peters gave a birthday party on
the evening of November 12.
School opened here early with a larger at-
tendance than any previous year.
Mrs. Carnes, the matron, is convalescing
after a serious operation for appendicitis.
An annual social gathering of the Cheyenne
and Ponca Indians has just come to a close.
Mr. Upton, wife, son and stenographer of
the Indian land inheritance business, are here
for the present.
Many of the employees are new, having
been transferred from other schools, and are
pleased with their change.
Everything seems to be progressing and
moving nicely under the new administration
and bids fair to continue so.
Many of the employees had an outing on
election day as they were due at the polls to
cast their votes for the cause of their country.
Superintendent Wisdom is planning a new
dynamo for the establishment of electric lights
in the school and cottages. He has also a sup*
ply of water which oihers have not been able
to obtain due to his familiar knowledge of the
country and facts pertaining thereto.
List of Employees at Rice Station School,
Arizona
James S. Perkins,
Edith B. Kime,
L/ezzie V. Davis,
Abbie E. Hill,
Jean C. Reed,
Mary G. George,
Louise C. L/indsey,
La Veda Waddell,
Ruth Boren,
Meita P. Lindsey,
Marchia C. White,
Lizzie Moore,
Edith S. Collins,
Peter Collins,
Arthur Pritchard,
Theodore !>Jeed,
Melvin Si.«^to,
Ben Norman,
Charles F. Nelson.
Henry Hopkins,
Walter Naslee,
Dan Kinney,
Supt. and Physician
Clerk
Matron
Assistant matron
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Nurse
Seamstress
Laundrei-s
Cook
Paker
Engineer
Carpenter
Industrial teacher
Gardener
Assistant
Laborer
H«-rder
Shoe and harnessmaker
Laborer
Flandreau, South Dakota
Weekly Reveiw.
Supt. L. M. Compton is arranging to pay the
Wisconsin Winnebago the $800,000 which isdue
them from the Government. There are but
about nine hundred of these Indians, many <>f
whom are homeless, and it is proposed in such
cases to invest the funds due such families in
purchasing lands upon which they may be able
to become self-supporting in future.
Jesse W. Smith has been transferred from the
Ponca boarding school to the Kiowa agency.
He has come to take the position of Charles
Eggers as supet vising principal of Indian
schools of this agency. Mr. Eggers has as-
sumed full charge of the school atRainy Moun*
tain, which necessitates the calling of Mr.
Smith here.
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Phoeolx, Indian School
529
Genoa, Nebraska
Indian Newt.
Jonas Shawandosa has been transferred
from Genoa to Yankton, South Dakota, as en-
jfineer.
Mrs. Cynthia Thurston arrived from White
Earth last Sunday and is in charge of the
hospital.
Edward Gil beau, class 1914, is now assistant
tailor at Haskell Institute. Our good wishes
are with him.
Miss Olive Huffman of Sterling, Kansas,
transferred from Crow Creek, will have charge
of the sixth and seventh grades.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles E. Brooks, last year at
Gieenville, California, have been transferred
to Rosebud agency, South Dakota.
Charles Kemery of the 1914 class is engineer
at Crow Creek, South Dakota, school. He it
interested and expecting to make good, and
we are sure he will.
The superintendent's home, now in process
of erection, commands from its wide porches
a beautiful view of the campus and far-reach-
ing country beyond.
A. D. Dodge, transferred from Sisseton
agency, arrived October 6 to take the position
of clerk. His wife is the teacher of the fifth
grade. Their little daughter, Charlotte, will
attend school in town.
Walter G. Smith, a new appointee, arrived Fri-
day, Septembei 4. He will have charge of the
shoe and harness shop and will also instruct the
band. Formerly Mr. Smith was assistant at the
Genoa, Neb., school. — Peace Pipe,
U. C. Upchurch, formerly agency farmer at
Winnebago, Nebraska, has been promoted to the
Spokane reservation in Washington. Mr. Crn-
min of the Santee agency, Nebraska, will fill the
position of farmer at Winnebago. — Exchange.
We regret very much to lose our matron, MisB
Boyd, transferred to Carlisle, who was always
willing to do all she could for the comfort of
the boys. We wish her all success in herncw
school. She is succeeded by Miss Frazier of
Grtnnell, Iowa, who is occupying her first posi-
tion in theservice, and we are sure that suc-
cess awaits her. „. . _ .
Miss Gaithcr ham been recently transferring
twenty-one of her most advanced girls to a
new home in the former employees* building.
To the regulation furniture, the girls have add-
ed their own little belongings, making their
rooms take on a cosy and homelike appear-
ance, a»d they are very happy in the new
quarters.
U. S. Civil Service Examination.
NURSERYMAN (MALE)
December 15, 1914.
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive exami-
nation for nurseryman, for men only. From
the register of eligibles resulting from this
examination certification will be made to fill a
vacancy in this position at $900 per annum in
the Chilocco Indian school, Oklahoma, and
vacancies as they may occur in positions re-
quiring similar qualifications, unless it is found
to be in the interest of the service to fill any
vacancy by reinstatement, transfer, or promo-
tion.
The duties of this* position are the propaga-
tion and care of nursery stock, landscape gar-
dening, and instructing Indian boys in nursery
work.
A rating of a*^ least 70 per cent in the sub-
ject of physical ability and also in that of
training and experience is a prerequisite for
consideration for this position. At least one
year's experience in the propagation and care
of fruit trees is required for a rating of 70 per
cent in the subject of training and experience
Additional credit will be given for experience
in the preparation for forest trees and inland-
scape gardening.
Statements as to training and experience are
accepted subject 'o verification.
Applicants must have reached their twenti-
eth but not their fiftieth birthday on the date
of the examination.
Persons who meet the requirements and de-
sire this examination should at once apply for
form 1800, stating the title of the examination
for which the form is desired, to the United
States Civil Service Commission, Washington,
D. C.
Robbie's grandfather was a veteran of the
Civil war, and in talking to his little grandson
al>out the battles he said: "Nearly a genera-
tion and a half ago, Robbie, my head was
grazed by a bullet in the battle of Chickamao-
ga."
Robbie looked at the bald pate of hii grand-
sire attentively and said: "Not much grazing
there now, is ih^veV*— Exchange,
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sso
The Native American
Untutored Indian
RepreBentaiive W. C. Hawlej of Oregoo wa»
born in that state, but his parents were among
the pioneers who came to the far west on a
prairie schooner, when Indians were plentiful
as blackberries in Alabama. Among the noble
red men*s tribes in Oregon was the Umatilla,
in regard to whom he tells a good storj to
illustrate; the guileless mind of poor ho after
bis contact with the white man.
It seems that Indians of this tribe, unlike
their neighboring nations, had some fine horses,
descendants of a fine Arabian sire which had
fallen into their hands; and one of these steeds,
Mahomet, was as fleet as the wind, and his
reputation had gone abroad into the land.
The white men of the county had also a
horse which they thought could beat anything
this side of chained lightning. So a race
was declared for a certain day, at which the
white man's nag, Rex, was to be pitted against
Mahomet.
Both sides groomed and curried and exer-
cised their pets. The Indians had their ani-
mal in a teat, whose only guard was an old
woman, who sat at the door smoking. So the
white men, who wanted to see the speed of Ma-
homet in order to place their bets, bribed her
to let them have the horse out one moonlight
night to test him against Rex.
They took the steed and ran him, but Rex
distanced him by a f urlonjc without turning a
hair. The horse was then quietly returned.
The next dav at the race meeting the white
men bet everything they owned, even to their
shoes and hats on Rex.
The race was started, the horses flew, and
Mahomet left Rex half a mile in the rear.
**You no try out Mahomet last night," grunt-
ed the chief, as he pocketed a roll of bills;
**we had Mahometover in the woods; that horse
you took Mahomet's brother. Can't run more
than cow!" — Washington S/ar.
The Indian Described by One Who Knows
Him
**The athletic sports of the Indians have
greatly contributed toward their strong phy-
sique and manly bearing," says Charles Warren
Currier, lecturer of the Bureau of Catholic In-
dian Mission^, in an important article in the
September Lippincoii*5, **Wrestling is of
comparitively recent introduction. Dancing is
a well-known Indian amusement. Some dances
were indulged in for pleasure* while others
formed part of a ceremonial, or served to celo*
brate an important event. The war dance wk»
a preparation for a campaigp. The sun dance,
a superstitious rite, is frequently permitted
among the Arapahoe of Wyoming. Daring
one night of the dance, known as Wolf ni^bt,
all rules and customs are suspended, and g^en-
eral license prevails. It is useless to state that
this practice is the occasion of grave disorder.
'*6ames of various kinds served to fill up the
timein the intervals of war and hunting. These
differed according to the tribe and location.
Among the Ojibway, ball-playing waa espe*
cially popular, and sometimes the entire village
would join in the game. The men and women
are provided with sticks, of which one end is
bent, and to which a network of rawhide is
attached, two inches deep and large enongh
to admit the ball. Two poles are driven into
the ground at adistanceof four hundred pace«
from each other, and these serve as goals for
the two parties. Each one tries to take the
ball to the hole, either by running with it or
throwing it. The one who succeeds in striking
the pole wins the game. The play is exceed-
ingly rough, but whosoever should become
angry would be regarded as a coward. DiflFer-
ent bands or villages are accustomed to play
against each other.
"Foot racing and jumping over a stick are
also popular; the former is greatly in vogue
among young people; but the latter is for-
bidden to young women, who are also not al-
lowed to use bow and arrow. The girls have
a game of their own called 'maiden's ball play.'
**Hofse racing is another favorite amusement
of the Indians, and the winning horse is an
object to be coveted. In general, the Indian
is much inclined to gambling. There are also
games for rainy days and the wigwam, such
as the *lossing game,' in which an eflFort is
made to hit a certain stick; the *mocassin game*
and the *bone play.'"
"Just look at the wonderful color of the sea! '
exclaimed a tourist on his first Mediterranean
cruise. **See how blue it is!"
**That's not strange," growled a traveller who
had lately run the gamut of th^ Neapolitan
pensions and was therefore disillusioned. '*No
wondor it's blue. You'd be blue yourself if ycm
had to wash the shoes of Italy I" — LippincoW$
A gallon of gas — s^ bucket of oil.
A piece of wire— we call. a coil..
A little tin— ten feet of board-
All go together to make a Ford*.
--Red and Black.
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'Volume 15
November 28, 1914
9{umber 40
i "^ I The Navaho Fair at Shiprock H "•*" f
OR many moons previous to the
great annual event. Superin-
tendent Shelton, his employees
and the Navaho Indians all
over the reservation were using
brain and brawn in an efiort to
make this fair better than any other previous
to it, and that they succeeded in their effort
can well be told by the thousands who were
in attendance.
The elements themselves seemed to be do-
ing their utmost in helping to make the
event a success, for the weather was ideal;
the sun seemed brighter, and the skies
bluer and all nature seemed to smile on the
occasion.
The fair was held at Shiprock agency,
which is in itself a place well worth seeing
at any time. Situated as it is ic a large
grove of cotton woods and with the San Juan
river flowing by makes it a most beautiful
place, and many parties find refuge on the
blue grass lawns under the shade of the
widespreading trees.
The crowd in attendance was immense;
the grove was filled with the camps of the
white visitors and every available space
connected with the school and agency was
converted for the time being into sleeping
apartments, and even then a large number
found it impossible to secure accommodation
and had to sleep on the lawns.
A half mile east of the agency the In-
dian camps were thickly spread over an area
of more than a square mile. It has been
estimated that the crowd numbered from
five to eight thousand persons.
The exhibits of the various kinds were
displayed in a large inclosure built for this
purpose on the agency grounds, which is in
the form of a hollow square, the sides of
which are in a form of booths, and it is here
that the greatest collection of Indian prod-
ucts ever brought together at one time was
presented to the public eye. The number,
quality and variety of the exhibits exceeded
those of any previous fair held here. Each
reservation trader assisted the Indians in dis-
playing the products of their particular lo-
cality in a most pleasing manner, and the
result was a surprise to all.
The famous Navaho blanket was seen here
at its best; this display could not be equaled
anywhere and it alone was a sight worth
traveling many miles to see. The hundreds
of varied patterns, skillful designs, pleasing
combinations of color, and excellent work-
manship showed months of careful thought
and labor on the part of the Navaho women.
That these blankets were genuine could not
be doubted, as several Indian women were
busily engaged in weaving while the fair was^
in progress. One interesting sight was the
seven-year-old daughter of Hosteen La-pi-he,
clad in the primitive b-he-el or squaw dress
of the Navaho, busily weaving a blanket.
The best blankets for design, color and
workmanship were shown by the Indians
living near the Bloomfield post at Toade-
lena, fifty miles south of the agency, while
the outline blankets, which are in a class
by themselves and considered by some to
excel all others, were produced by the Teec-
Nuz-Pos Indians who live in Arizona forty
miles northwest of Shiprock. One of the
largest collections of blankets was brought
from the vicinity of Walker's post near Red
Rock, thirty-five miles southwest from Ship-
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532
The Native American
rock. The entire blanket display contained
more than a thousand blankets and repre-
sented an estimated value of more than fifty
thousand dollars.
The handiwork of the Navaho silversmith
was represented by large collections of jew-
elry of great beauty and variety. The best
collection was madeby Not-ton-ny-Et-se-bit-
cil-ly, from the Noel post of Se-nos-tee, thirty
miles south of the agency. This man and
several other smiths were on the ground
with their crude instruments where they
converted silver money into ornaments,
whose neat designs and delicate workman-
ship rivalled the handiwork of the artisans
of the orient.
if properly supplied with water could and
would support himself by cultivating the
soil.
It should be understood that the greater
part of the products shown at the fair were
raised by the dry farming process, which
was known and practiced by these people
long before Campbell and his system was
heard of.
The Navaho counts his riches by the
number of sheep, cattle, goats and horses
he possesses and these were well represented
The best stock shown were brought from
a distance from forty to fifty miles; many
of them showing that they were well bred.
In variety of exhibits, the Se-nos-tee In-
Part of the Crowd at Shiprock Fair, 1914.
The display of farm products from all
fsections was of such variety, quantity and
quality as to cause many favorable com-
iments by the white visitors. The best
agricultural display was shown by the Se-
nos-tec Indians, with the Teec-nuz-pos
Indians a close second, and Red Rock not far
behind. The best fruit was produced by
the Indians who live in that part of the
reservation which is watered by the Hogback
canal.
Judging from the quality of both fruit
.and other agricultural products, the Navaho
dians excelled all others, but each part of
the reservation was well represented and
the exhibits from each community alone
would have made a good show.
One display which deserves special men-
tion was that brought from the Wetherill
post of Kayenta, Arizona, a distance of over
a hundred miles. The Indians of that local-
ity produced many rare designs in blankets,
basketry and pottery and their farm products
were well worth looking at.
The San Juan school exhibit received
much favorable comment. It consisted of
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Phoenix Indian School
533
products of the different departments, those
of the farm, orchards and garden predominat-
ing.
One feature that attracted much attention
was the baby show. There were over a
hundred Navaho babies, some smiling, some
frowning and some crying; all in various
stages of beauty and cleanliness, but which
was each in its own mother's eyes the
"prettiest child in the world," who were par-
aded before the eyes of three discriminating
judges whose duty was to select the three
prettiest and the three cleanest as prize
winners.
The five thousand watermelons piled,
like cordwood, in the center of the fair
encores and much favorable comment.
The baseball games played between the.
Fort Defiance and Shiprock teams were
most pleasing to the Fort Defiance people
as that team carried off all hocors.
Among other interesting features of enter-
tainment, the school itself was not the least.
Many people found great pleasure in visit-
ing the farm, orchards, vineyard, vegetable
and flower gardens and in visiting the barn-
yards and inspecting the thoroughbred ani-
mals of various kinds with which the farm is
well stocked, and in seeing the different de-
partments at work where things seemed to
move like the mechanism of some huge
machine whose every product is a success
Section of Display at Shiprock Fair, 1914.
grounds tantalized and mocked on the first
two days, but reached the height of their
popularity on Watermelon day when they
were cut and given out free to all in
quarters, halves, or as much as one could
eat. To the disappointment of the crowd
more than a thousand melons were left un-
touched at sundown on the last day of the
fair.
The musical programs given by the In-
dian pupils of the school on Thursday and
Friday nights were pleasing and varied; they
were a surprise to visitors and received many
One noteworthy fact connected with
this fair, and one which deservedly received
much comment, was that during all the
three days' celebration on the fail grounds,
among the white visitors from all parts of
the country, nor yet at the great camp of
the Navahos, was one instance of drunken-
ness or rowdyism of any kind seen, and
considering the size of the crowd this is
certainly remarkable and speaks well for the
management. The Indian fair of today is
indeed vastly different from the fete days of
the Indian of a few years ago.
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534
The Native American
Trip to Tucson
By William T. Moore
Our trip to the Y. M. C. A. convention
held in the city of Tucson was greatly en-
joyed by the three delegates from the
Phoenix Indian School Y. M. C. A.
We left Friday morning on the 5:45 train
on which we met five delegates from the
Phoenix Y. M. C. A. with whom we enjoyed
the trip until our arrival in Tucson.
On our arrival we were glad that there
was a boy from the Tucson Mission school
waiting for us who took us first to the
new Y. M. C. A building where we registered,
then to the ladian school which is about
two and a half miles south of the city where
we were greeted with kindness.
There being nothing special for us that
afternoon we visited the schoolrooms and
enjoyed listening to the pupils recite, and
also watching the young boys at their foot-
ball scrimmage.
In the evening at 7:30 was the opening
service at the Y. M.C. A. and about twenty-
five boys from the Mission school attended
with us. William Jennings Bryan, Jr. of
Tucson made the address of welcome to all
the delegates.
Following this was Dr. Clarence A. Barbour,
D. D., of New York city who had the honor
of delivering the first address in the new
Y. M. C. A. building. The address he made
was about the building and its use with the
proper kind of thought and talk and to have
the proper sport in it. This meeting closed
with the benediction.
At nine o'clock Saturday morning was de-
votionaJ hour, led by Dr. Barbour. He read a
few verses from the Scripture after which
he made a brief but helpful talk on prayer.
The three points emphasized were real need,
deep desire and genuine faith. After he had
closed he made a motion that every one pres-
ent should introduce himself. This showed
us that there were delegates from various
parts of the state such as Miami. Bisbee,
Douglas, Phoenix, etc., some from different
parts of New Mexico, and from a section lying
west of the Pecos river in Texas.
As I introduced myself as a delegate from
the Phoenix Indian School Y. M. C. A every
one in the room clapped his hands as if to
show that they were glad to know that we
have a Y. M.C.A.
In the afternoon we had sectional con-
ferences, with round table discussions of
association problems.
The city, railroad and industrial delegates'
meeting was held upstairs and the student
delegates* down stairs. In this student meet-
ing was President R. B. Von Kleinsmid
of the University of Arizona, presiding, and
Gale Seaman of Los Angeles, California,
leading the discussion. This was very in-
teresting for Mr. Seaman told us of the de-
velopment of the first organization which
started in the year 1844 and how it is tak-
ing the whole world.
We enjoyed the auto trip to the university
grounds and to the San Xavier mission, and
also the dinner for all delegates after our re-
turn that evening.
On Sunday afternoon we went to the serv-
ice at the Indian school and a man from
Douglas led the meeting.
In the evening at 7:30 there was a union
meeting of all churches and the address was
made by Dr. Barbour. At 8:30 a farewell
service was led by G. S. Bilheimer of Denver.
On Monday morning about eight o'clock we
started on our way home, and arrived safely
in Phoenix at 12:30.
We are very thankful to all pupils and em-
ployees who helped to make this trip for the
three boys to represent this school.
The Tuskegee Institute singers will render
a program of plantation melodies, negro
folk songs and dialect readings at the school
chapel Sunday, evening, December 13. Ar-
rangements were made this week by J. D.
Stevenson, who is planning the tour of these
young men in the interest of the Tuskegee
Normal and Industrial institute. No admis-
sion will be charged, but a silver offering will
be taken for the benefit of the institute.
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Phoenix Indian School
535
Indians Hold Fair With No Dancing
Bemidji, Minnesota. — Two thousand per-
sons, 500 of whom were whites, attended the
big day of the Indian fair at Red Lake, which
according to Walter F. Dickens, superintend-
ent of the agency, was not only a bewildering
surprise to visitors, but probably was the first
Indian fair ever held that was devoid of
dances.
"That is an achievement that must be
looked upon with a good deal of hopefulness,''
said Superintendent Dickens, '^because it
shows as nothing else could the zeal of the
Indians in demonstrating to their white
brothers their ability to raise farm products
and hold a fair excelling in exhibits from the
soil as well as prize specimens of stock and
household displays. There was no firewater
nor dancing nor any of those other adjuncts
thought necessary for an Indian celebration."
Exhibits of grain grown by the Indians in-
cluded specimens of oats, barley and wheat
that would average twenty-five bushels to the
acre, and yellow dent corn fully matured.
What was perhaps next in importance was
the stock display, which included blooded
animals, the registered Holstein and Durham
cattle being most numerous. The judging
of the stock was done by Supt. C. G. Selvig
of the Crookston school.
There was also a fine display of vegetables
and fruits, all of which were raised by the
Indians. The exhibits included cantaloupes
and sugar-sweet watermelons There were
also crab apples and displays of other apples
and fruits.
The women and girls had exhibits of
bread, pies, cakes, jellies, preserves, pickles
and other dainties. But probably the most'
artistic and beautiful display ever seen at a
county fair was found in the display of
beaded work. These exhibits not only were
done neatly, but the beaded designs and
coloring were gorgeous. The exhibit includ-
ed among other things headdress, sacques,
moccasins, dresses, belts, hat bands, ban-
ners, buckskin leggings and jackets. All
were new, having been made by the Chippe-
wa the past year for display at the fair.
There was no disorder nor intoxication. —
New York World.
(The above news item in the New York World
of September 20 is a gratifying^ indication of
the responsive sentiment among the Indians
to the appeal of Commissioner Cato Sells look-
ing toward industrial advancement and self-
support. Similar reports are being received
from Indian fairs throughout the country, and
there is every indication that the agricultural
exhibits to be held next year will be decided im-
provements over those of this year and that
hereafter the Indian fair will **mark the start
of the Indians along the road, the purpose of
which is self-support and independence and
that each year will be a milestone fixing the
stages of the Indian's progress toward that
groal.")
Farewell Turned Into Welcome
Gathered forty strong to bid farewell to
Mr. and Mrs. Frederic Snyder, who had
packed their household goods to leave for
their home after long service in the Indian
Service, the Stephens class of the First Pres-
byterian Sunday school on Thursday evening
made a pilgrimage to the United States Indian
Industrial school, a distance of some two
miles. The Snyders are pillars of the church
and held in high esteem in the community
Their going would have meant regrets in
many circles. But the tearful farewell Was
turned into a jolly welcome, for before
the party arrived at the home made doubly
attractive with choice collections of Indian
blanket and basketry, a telegram from
Washington, D. C, announced that Mr. Sny-
der had been appointed superintendent of the
school on the only terms under which he
could accept the position, that of relieving
him of the care of the pueblos. From grief
to rejoicing was but a step and the class
had the jolliest social in its history. The
lunch served shortly before midnight was
something out of the ordinary. Laughter
and fun marked the homeward trip in the
big Indian school herdics where the journey
to the school had been in rather a minor
key.— Santa Fe news in Albuquerque Jour-
nal.
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536
The Native AmeriGan
The Native Amekican
It is estimated that nearly 125 turkey*
were slaughtered to provide Thanksgiving
dinner for the pupils at the school and East
Sntered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter Farm Sanatorium.
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
Kn Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
cation and Printed by Indian Student- Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWJSNTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
Mrs. Nell White Standage is assisting in
the main office temporarily.
A number of family dinner parties were
held at campus homes Thursday.
Walter Goodman came down from Prescott
to spend Thanksgiving day with home folks.
Superintendent Goodman reached home
with a party of California children in time
for Thanksgiving dinner.
Mrs. J. A. Murphy and son arrived Friday
from Washington, D.C.,and will remain with
Dr. Murphy during his stay in the southwest
this winter.
J. H. Cruthis, an attorney of TaUhina,
Oklahoma, arrived in Phoenix Monday with
Roosevelt Bacon, a patient for the East farm
sanatorium.
Miss Fowler and Mrs. Oliver entertain the
Maricopa chapter of the D. A. R. this after-
noon at the club and will be glad to receive
contributions for their charity box at this
meeting.
Miss Margaret Combs, financial clerk of
the Walker River reservation has been trans-
ferred to the position of teacher at the Fallon
agency, this appointment taking effect No-
vember A,^Nevada American.
Dr. F. E. Rodriguez and bride called at
the school Friday. The groom is a field
dentist who has been for the past five months
on the Pima reservation with headquarters at
Sacaton. The young lady came out from
Washington and was met at Phoenix this
week by Dr. Rodriguez and the ceremony
took place in the city.
Dr. and Mrs. Breid and daughter, Dr
Murphy and Mrs. McLaughlin were guests at
the Sanatorium club Thanksgiving day and
report their celebration in keeping with their
reputation for events of this kind.
Engineer Clyde Potts of the Department of
Justice spent a day at the school last week
inspecting the sanitary conditions of the
plant. He is making a circle around the
United States mspecting the plants at various
schools and agencies. Mr. Potts is accom-
panied by his little daughter who is greatly
enjoying the geography lesson of the several
weeks' travel.
The Santa Fe boarding school has been
segregated from the pueblos and the assist-
ant superintendent, Frederic Snyder, has
been appointed superintendent of the school.
The Santa Fe pueblos will be under the ju-
risdiction of Supt. P. T. Lonergan of the
Albuquerque pueblos Mr. Snyder s first ap-
pointment included the superintendency
of the pueblos as well as the school, and was
followed by his resignation and plans to go
east to make his home, and his many friends
at Phoenix will be glad to hear that he is to
remain in the southwest.
The second meeting of the Literary society
had for its subject the evil effects of tobacco
and cigarettes. Assistant DiscipUnarian Ig-
nacio warned the boys against the use of
tobacco if they hoped to be athletes and Drs.
Breid, Murphy and Marden also addressed
the boys. Peter Porter told of the Anti-To-
bacco society at Haskell Institute and an
enthusiastic branch was immediately formed
at this school, the membership including
most of the athletes. The outlook "for the
literary society this year is brighter than
ever and it is to be hoped that the enthusi-
asm will not die out.
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Phoenix Indian School
537
Thanksgiving Day
at Phoenix Indian School
Thanksgiving day dawned no less beauti-
ful than other Arizona winter days, and was
celebrated at the school with the usual reli-
gious services, followed by feast and sport.
At ten o'clock Dr. H. M. Campbell of the
Presbyterian church conducted a praise
service at the chapel, which was beautifully
decorated with roses and chrysanthemums.
At the girls* sittingroom Father Joseph
held mass.
Pupils' Diningroom
A little past noon the large diningroom
was thrown open and displayed tables well
filled with roast turkey and the good things
that accompany "His Honor, the Turk."
The entire student body sat down at once
and as is customary on the two big annual
feast days the employees waited on the
tables and saw that plates were refilled and
pitchers replenished until every child had
dined sumptuously. The menu was as
follows:
Pvoast Turkey Giblet Sauce Cranberry Jelly
Radishes
Mashed Potatoes Baked Sweet Potatoes Onion Dressing
Scalloped Corn
Butter
Pumpkin Pie
Oranges Fruit Cake
Cocoa
Bread
Apples
Club Diningroom
About sixty members, guests and campus
residents sat down to a splendidly appointed
dinner at the employees' club. The dining-
room was decorated with peppers, chrysan-
themums and roses, and the long tables
were a delight to the artistic eye in arrange-
ment. The favors created additional fun
for the already merry crowd, and the five-
course dinner would have satisfied one of
the most epicurean taste. The menu was
as follows:
Consomme a La Royal
Bass French Style Boiled Spuds Cucumbers
Com Pones
Ice Water
Thanbgiving Turkey
Cranberry Jelly
Cauliflower Hongraise
French Peas
Celery
Olives
Tea Biscuit
White Bread
Grape Juice
Salad with Cheese Tidbits
Velvet Cream with Cherry Gelatine White Fruit Cake
Pop Corn Balls Lumps of Gold
CoflFee, with or without
Fruits
Special to Club Members: Resolved to fast until breakfast
East Farm Sanatorium
Sixty-five pupil-patients sat down at the
prettily decorated tables, there being only
three who were not able to go to the dining-
room. There was no doubt but that the
Thanksgiving dinner prepared was the very
nicest in the history of the East Farm. All
of the employees had shown great interest
in making everything as attractive as pos-
sible for the boys and girls who have not the
blessing of perfect health, and success evi-
dently attended their efforts. The menu was
as follows:
Roast Turkey
c4 La. SMode Sage Dressing A La S^arme Gra<ify
Cranberry Sauce
Mashed Potatoes Candied Yams
Jardinc Creamed Turnips
Green Onions Radishes Lettuce
Tickled ^eets
Tumpkin Tie
Apples Oranges
French Graham Rolls De SMarcelle
€Milk Cocoa Tea
The members of the football team en-
joyed their Thanksgiving dinner early in
the evening in the pupils' diningroom.
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The Native American
0-^0 in Favor of the Indians
It was one solid hour of rushing, thumping,
piling, punting football. Tricks failed, end
runs were piled up behind the hne, forward
passes were blocked, good old-time football
was the only thing that would work. Even
that found itself ramming into such solid
lines that punting was often necessary. It
was always a case of the irresistible force
meeting the immovable object, for both
teams had the fighting edge. Only a few
men on each side were replaced by substi-
tutes and very little time was taken out by
injured players and in the end both teams
seemed to be as aggressive as at the start.
The game started exactly at 3:30 the In-
dians kicking off to the high school and for
the first quarter the ball for the most part
was in the Indians* territory though their
goal was not seriously threatened. The
high school made most of their gains in
exchanging punts. In the second and third
quarters things were more even, each team
advancing the ball for a little while and
then suddenly stopping, though the Indians
began piling up end runs before they got
started and smashing line bucks before they
reached the line. They solved high school's
trick plays before they developed.
Indeed, both teams soon found that tricks
would not work and settled down into hard
pounding of the line. In the last part of
the third quarter the Indians commenced to
push the Coyotes and carried the ball from
center to within five yards of a touchdown
when the whistle blew and the quarter ended.
On the next play the fumble occurred that
cost us the game. Flores was sent in to
buck the line but dropped the ball and a
high school man recovered it. We soon
threatened their line again but they rallied
and held while we were forced to kick.
When the whistle ended the game the Indians
had the ball about in the center of the field.
And neither side had scored.
The game Thursday shows that we lack
seating facilities for the crowds on our ath-
letic field. A grandstand twice the size of
the one we have is needed.
Mr. Venne has made a wonderfully clever
little football team. They have a splendid
defense and grasped the idea that the best
way to "save their bacon" is to "get the other
fellows' bacon" first.
Indians Lose to Tempe Normals
With Capt. Anton out of the game and
two of the best substitutes away the Normals
defeated our team by the score of 35 to 13
last Saturday. Our boys played a good
defensive game, gaining the whole length
of the field twice for two touchdowns but
it seemed impossible to stop the end runs
and foward passes of the Normals.
Puella who was puUed from tackle to
play in Anton's place was accidently
bumped in the eye in the first scrimmage
and thereafter had the use of only one eye.
Sneed who played in Puella's place at
tackle played a good game but has not
had the training and could not put up the
game that Puella would have if he played
in his regular position. Antonio Martinez
who would have been the first sub to go in
on account of Anton's absence had gone to
the Y. M. C. A. convention and had left
before Anton was taken down with a boil
on his neck. Alfred Jackson who would
have been the first sub tackle also was at
Tucson. Flores, also a good man, failed to
make connections and was not there, and
probably a little overconfidence on the part
of our boys after having beaten the same
team one week before concludes the alibis.
The team showed none of that dash and
fighting spirit shown in the first game which
was probably due to their captain's absence.
The defense was weak and end runs usually
stopped by the ends were for long gains
and sometimes touchdowns. The team's or
players' weakness in not following up their
opponents on forward passes resulted in
several gains.
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Phoenix Indian School
539
The Indian as a Road Builder
Taxpayers are particularly interested in
the utilization of such labor in the building
of roads as will produce the greatest results
at the least cost. That the Apache Indian,
who has earned and sustained a reputation
in history and story as a bloodthirsty warrior,
has another side to his nature is shown by
the following article by Secretary Keegan of
the Gila County Taxpayers' association, and
will be of particular interest to all who are
interested in the labor question on roads.
While many and various may be the
tendencies to evil of the various tribes of
Arizona Indians, they possess some redeem-
ing features, which, if properly cultivated,
will make of them useful adjuncts to society
and civilization, more particularly so in
Arizona.
Being Government wards on the reserva-
tion, little if anything is known by the aver-
age citizen of the Indian's usefulness or
good qualities, or what may be made of him
by some care, kind treatment and instruc-
tions to fit him to labor and become self-
sustaining.
Once off the reservation, however, neces-
sity compels him to become self-sustaining.
He therefore enters the field of competition
with unskilled labor. Does he succeed?
Most assuredly he does. The Indian is a
natural born road builder and with some
instructions becomes the peer of white labor,
in that his endurance of heat is greater and
his slow, even, steady, constant gait mani-
fests his worth at the day's end.
Show him what to do and how to do it, you
can rest assured he will perform his task. Sul-
len and uncommunicative, he works steadi-
ly, and some of the older hands readily
adapt themselves to alignment, curvature
and grade, and are assigned to the more
important duties such as foremen, powder-
men, etc.
There have been several miles of road con-
structed in northern Gila county during the
present year by Indian labor and at a very
conservative cost. As indicating what the
authorities of Gila county think of Indian
labor, a call was published for competitive
bids on less than three miles of road con-
struction. The lowest bid submitted was
$4,000, while the appropriation was only
$2,500. All bids were rejected and the work
was commenced by Indian labor under the
supervision of a competent foreman who
reports direct to the supervisors.
From the detailed report to the county
board of supervisors by this association a
conclusion is easily reached of the value of
the Apache Indian to the taxpayers of Gila
county in this industry alone. There was
some white labor employed, such as a fore-
man and a few teamsters, but the large ma-
jority of day laborers were Indians. — Ex,
Hospitals for Indians
Ever since the time when the "discoverers
of America" bought large slices of land for
a few gaudy beads, the Indian has had a
hard time holding his own against the white
man. He has sold his birthright for a mess
of pottage so often that it would seem that
by this time pottage must cloy his jaded
appetite.
But at last the Indian must see that the
Government's interest in him does not stop
with depriving him of fire-water. Congress
recently appropriated a large amount of
money for improvement of the health con-
ditions among the Indians and for the es-
tablishment of hospital facilities for them-
Three hundred thousand dollars have been
appropriated for this purpose, $100,000 of
which will be used for constructing hospitals
at a cost not to exceed $15,000 each. In
addition to this, the Ipdian Bureau is now
constructing three hospitals for the Sioux
Indians to cost approximately $25,000 each
on the Rosebud, Pine Ridge, and Cheyenne
reservations.
Until recent years, the Indian's contact
with the Government has not been altogether
designed to make him pleased with the
change from the primitive state to civiliza-
tion. Everything he liked seemed to be
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540
The Native American
taken from him. Opportunities for hunting
were restricted and the occupation of the
tomahawk was gone. He was crowded into
pretty close quarters, a circumstance which
did not tend to improve his health or his
temper, and if he had happened to read of
Sampson and Delilah he probably would
have understood the feelings of the former
after his hair had been cut off.
The health of the Indians has been de-
plorable and little attention has been given
to the correction of this condition. The rapid
construction of many hospitals will be a boon
to the Indian. It would be a pity to witness
the disappearance of the Indians from their
native land, and it is hoped that steps which
have been taken to prevent such a thing
will be eminently successful.
Civilization has brought many great re-
forms in life, but it has also brought some
evils, notably the crowding of humanity in-
to narrow spaces. The hospital, however, is
civil ization*8 antidote for this evil, and since
the Indian has experienced the evil he is en-
titled to antidote. — Washington (D. C.)
Post.
A Proclamation of Thanksgiving
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, STATE OF ARIZONA.
In these troublous times, when countries
of Europe are being devasted by rival armies;
when foreign homes and firesides are being
made desolate by visitations of death; when,
in brief, the strifes of humankind are im-
peding the wheels of industry and threat-
ening that ideal civilization to the attain-
ment of which universal peace is deemed
essential, the people of the United States,
with amity indwelling, are, by divine dispen-
sation, permitted to pursue in quietude the
multiple activities of everyday life whereby
the sustenance of home and church and
state is afforded security and permanence.
Arizona as an integral part of our nation,
being likewise under the guardianship of
that divine Providence which bestows all
rewards and blessings upon mankind, con-
tinues to garner the fruits of industry result*
ant from the development of her wonderful
resources, while the future of the state is
bright with promise, and her people are ani-
mated by a spirit of hopefulness that is fu-
turity's best augury.
Now, therefore, I, George W. P. Hunt,
governor of Arizona, acting in observance of
a revered national custom, in pursuance
of law, and in accordance with the procla-
mation of our honored President. Woodrow
Wilson, do hereby proclaim that Thursday,
November 26th, 1914, shall be set aside as a
day of Thanksgiving on which, with appro-
priate ceremonies and festivities, all citizens
may, at altar and at fireside, manifest unto
the omnipotent Creator their gratitude for
blessings divinely conferred, and may, by
generous exercise of kindness toward the
needy and infirm, show themselves imbued
with that universal and all-pervasive love
that tempers the chastening of circum-
stances and ameliorates the sting of human
woes.
In witness whereof I have hereunto
set my hand and caused the great seal of
the State of Arizona to be affixed.
Done at the city of Phoenix, the capital,
this 16th day of November, 1914.
[Seal] Geo. W. P. Hunt.
Governor of Arizona.
Attest: Sidney P. Osborn,
Secretari) of State,
cAnd George Did
The new battleship schools instituted by the
Secretary of the Navy have made some start-
ling coMtributions to literature. Here is an
essay of a Filipino sailor who was told to write
about George Washington.
George Wassingham was sore because Amer-
ican persons is not free. He sale to Eng--
land on (naming his own battleship) ship and
say to King: **I express declaration of inde-
pendence for American person." King he say
**Nothin* doin'," and Mr. Wassingham tell Ad-
miral Dewey to shoot turret guns at him.
Bime-by King he say he will not rule Ameri-
can persons again. '*Let George do it," sar
King and today American persons is free. — £x.
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Phoenix Indian School
541
Fire at Fort Totten School
A serious fire occurred at Fort Totten school
a feiT days ago in which eijfhtecn horse*
were suffocated by smoke. The school barn
was burned there last year, and on account of
the delay in securing funds for rebuilding, the
basement was covered with a temporary root
for use this winter. In some unaccountable
manner fire orginated in the hay above the
horses and when it was discovered it was be-
yond conXrol.— Weekly Revieiv.
Lower Brule, South Dakota
Brnle liuntlfr.
Dr. Michael, United States supervisor, is
with u« at present, having arrived to take
charge at this agency pending the appoint-
ment of a new superintendent for this place.
Superintendent Green having received a trans-
fer to Shawnee, Oklahoma. Dr. Michael was
agent here some few years ago. He speaks the
Dakota language fluently and understands
the Indians and the Indians' work thoroughly.
The work of building the new dormitory
for the girls at the school is progressing nicely
under the direction of Messrs. Griffith, Gil-
liam and Keylock. We hope to see the girls
nicely located in their new building by Christ-
mas.
CONTRIBUTED BY PUPILS
feyi
Ei^^hth Grade
I like my new place working in the tin shop.
We club boys are kept very busy preparing
for Thanksgiving.
The sewing room girls are busy making new
work dresses for the girls.
We are very thankful to our Creator that we
live to another Thanksgiving day.
The members of the Excelsior literary soci-
ety met last night in the chapel and those who
took part did well.
We three boys enjoyed the nice trip to Tuc-
son and we thank the pupils and employees,
for their assistance shows loyalty to our school.
I am very glad to say that the boys have
organized an Anti-Tobacco I^eague and about
40 boys have joined, mostly the football boys.
This was started through the untiring efforts
of William T. Moore, to whom we extend our
thanks. See him and join.
Todav in our history class we wrote about
the battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill.
The football team went to Tempe on Satur-
day to have a ^ame with the Normals but were
defeated.
I work in the printing shop and I am getting
along just fine and I hope I will do better
every day.
The boys in the drawing class at the man-
uel training ar** getting along finely in both the
morning and the afternoon classes.
Different classes of the Phoenix Indiaa
School have been busy working out in the gar-
dens planting here recently.
Our physiology day has changed from Friday
to Monday on account of the music which we
now have on the last day of the week.
The seventh Bare studying about infinitives
in language. We find it is interesting but it
is kind of hard for some of us to understand.
The sewing room girls are busy making
new blue work dresses and are anxious to get
them finished. Each girl will now have two
dresses.
Bessie Tall Bear, who was one of the stu-
dents here last year, is now at the Carlisle In-
dian school and says that she likes it there,
but often thinks of the Phoenix Indian School.
Seventh Grade B
HarvJer Adams is at home and is planning^
to come to East Farm sanatorinn.
Sixth Grade B
The farmers have already sowed barley and
alfalfa in the field west of the schoolhouse
and it is now waiting for water.
The Y. M. C. A. members are getting along
nicely in their meetings.
We blacksmith boys are very glad to have
two new boys in our shop.
The sixth grade B pupils are now coloring
maps of the British Isles.
The new hospital kitchen is almost finished
and we hope to move in by next week.
We have been replanting some peas and we
planted some flower seed.
The Y. M. C. A. is organizing a football
team to play some of the boys.
A few of the boys lost some rolls of films at
the Busy Drug store when it burned down
some time ago.
We began taking our music lessons with Mr.
Stacy last Friday and I hope we continue to do
ao for a while, as it will help us a good deal
later on.
We farm boys are busy picking cotton which
is planted north of the play grounds and we
hope to have it all picked before the weather
gets too cold.
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842
The NatiTc American
L/ast Monday we had our arithmetic test.
We had a literary society meeting^ last night
and I enjoyed it very much.
A very interestinjf program was enjoyed at
the society Monday rendered by the pupils of
the Phoenix Indian school.
We are very much interested in the study
of hygiene and have learned different kinds of
nourishing food.
We were glad to recieve letters from Martha
Philips, a former pupil of this school. She is
now working at Mesa, earning good wages.
A number of boys from California arrived
here at school a few days ago. We boys from
that part of the country were very glad to wel-
come them.
The Ail-Round Girl
We hear much about the all-round athlete in
our school, not because we have so many; per-
haps it is because we wish we had more. So
we set up before the admiring gaze of the young-
er pupils a perfect young man, one who not
only has a well- formed physique and an abun-
dance of robust health, but also one who is dis-
posed to use his energy and time in all sorts of
athletics; one who brings fame to himself and
to our school alike.
It is not my purpose to extol the virtues of
the all-round athlete. I would call your atten-
tion to the much neglected, but much deserv-
ing girls. I appeal for more all-round girls.
We all admire the girl who can sing, play or
speak better than her companions; one whose
gift has led her to excel in some special line.
But to my mind, the all-round girl iaone whose
talent does not lie in one direction alone, but
spreads out into numerous activities.
The all-around girl is popular because she
plays tennis, rides horseback, swims, rows, and
plays the piano. She easily adapts herself to
all circumstances and can, therefore, take part
in any activities which her companions may dc.
sire. She may not be able to play the most diffi-
cult classical music, but is willing to play what
she can for her friends* pleasure.
If her friends desire to play tennis, she gets
her racket and they do not find the contest an
easy one; or if a companion wishes to take a
tramp in the hills, she dons appropriate wear*
ing apparel, snatches up her kodak and is off
with her.
On returning from her hike, she finds her
mother ill and unable to prepare supper; she
slips on a gingham apron and prepares a meal
of which thj most fastidious cannot complain.
She may not be the brightest girl in school
but she does her work faithfully and securest
a fair grade; she is an active member of the
literary society, and writes articles for the
school paper. She may not have an abundance
of cash, yet she attends the athletic contest**.
sells tickets and co-operates in every way lo
create a healthy school spirit and to make the
school more efficient. Are you an all-ronnd
girl? Do you wish to be? Then do yourstant-
— High School Echo,
Chief Yuma Frank Dead
'*Chief Yuma Frank of the McDowell Apa-
che is dead," said George N. Morgan this
morning.
*'The chief, who was about sixty years of
age, and looked and acted like a man of forty,
died last Wednesday and a delegation of the
tribe came to Phoenix to give me the news
and have me telegraph the tidings to Wa.«*h-
ington and to Dr. Montezuma.
**Frank was a splendid sample of the mod-
ern American Indian and was a credit to his
tribe. We have been in the habit of going to
Fort McDowell for a hunt every fall and
Frank was anxious that we should repeat
our visit this year but with McCutcheon in
Europe and Dr. Montezuma unable to get
away from his practice, we were compelled to
abandon the idea.
'*We had all made great plans for next year
and I am sure that they will be carried out. It
is probable tnat George Dickens will be elect-
ed to the vacant chieftainship and he is a g-ood
man and exercises a great influence with his
people.
**I think I am safe in saying that every
white man who has had dealings with Mc-
Dowell Apache will be grieved to hear of the
death of Yuma Frank, for he was a good man
in every sense of the term and always caught
his people that they must yield to the march
of improvement and that their salvation as a
nation lay in their conformity to modern usages.
I could not learn from the Indians who were
here when the funeral would be held or what
ceremonies would accompany \\y— Arizona
Gazette.
Thirsty automobilist to a farmer standing
beside his well: "Is this good pure water, sir.'*
*'Wal, I should say it was," responded the
farmer. '*I had it scandalized by a phronoligist
and it contains one part of oxhyde and two
parts of hydrophobia.— ^(t:^?^/.
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\ I
n f >-i '
m
w
w.
w.
m
tShe
J^ati'Oe
^yitnerican
Decembers, 1914
Printed by Indian PrintenApprentices
at the United States Indian Trains
ing School, Phoenix, Arizona
^
^
^
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\irii/r An.m^tm JUvertaer
\fE hRE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS FQK
SEEDS T'
on millet, kafSr c^rn, Mr^wm,
milo maize, and other field oern
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, Arizona
Talbot &- Hubbard
HAKDWARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX ARIZONA
MERRYMAN&HAYT
Funeral Directors
and Bmbalnert
Phoac OverUnd 651
124 North Second Ave. Pheenix, Aris^na
BLAKB, MOFFITT 41: TOWNE
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN
Paper
ten Ftaoctooo Lot AUtlM Pwdaad
N«wYtrk
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Tke pnrcat and best made
OUR MOTTO -QUAUTY
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Olva Ma a Trial and ba Caovlaced
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Sand tne Dallar to DONOFRIO and he wiU
send you a box of
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A product of the Aplxeaa DeteM
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ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-to-date work, domestic or g-loss finish
WAGONS CALL AT SCHOOL MONDAYS
Telephone S91
Conor Adaau aad ThM St. Phoenix Arizooo.
TBI GENUmi BUTTUNUT BKEAD WHOLESALE. RCTAIL
PHOENIX BAKERY
EDWARD EISELE, Piooriotor
PhoBO 1834
TW. Wash. St.
RAILVrATGUIDB
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lY FIRST WISH is
to see this plague
to mankind banished
from earth, and the
sons and daughters of this world
employed in a more pleasing and
innocent amusement than in pre-
paring implements and exercis-
ing them for the destruction of
mankind.
— George W&shingtoa
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Indian Boys Baling Hay on Experimental Farm, Sacaton. Anzora.
Pima Women Picking Cotton, Experimental Station, Sacaton, Arizona
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ilLIIJ
"NOT FOR SCHOOL. BUT FOR LIFE"'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Volume tS
"December 5, 1914
dumber 4S
Pima Reservation
"HE number of Indians embraced
in the Pima tribe residing
within the Gila River reser-
vation is in the neighborhood
of 5,000. In addition to these
there are approximately 1,000
Papago Indians under the jurisdiction of the
Pima agency, most of these residing on the
public domain or within the small executive
order reservations, recently established.
#-
I
4
some 1,500 of these children ofschool age for
whom no educational facilities whatever
exist at this time. In the Indian bill lately
passed there is an item appropriating $50,-
000 for the establishment of day schools
among these Papago Indians, which although
far from adequate to their present need, is a
much-needed beginning for this meritorious
work.
No allotments have as yet been made on
Blackwater
where they have villages and a limited area
of cultivated land.
The day schools on the Gila River reser-
vation apart from the boarding schools (of
which there are two) number five, the
total enrollment of Indian pupils being close
to 200. which is practically the capacity of
the schools. Day schools are greatly needed
for the Papago Indian childre i of southern
Arizona, it being estimated that there arc
Day School
the Gila River reservation, although sectional
lines have been run and allotments plifed
out. Some 1,500 Indians have also taken
up these allotments tentatively with the
expectation that they will be permanently
allotted thereon, and they are now putting
the same into cultivation. The cultivation
of these allotments has been made possible
by the reopening of the Little Gila river and
the extension of the present irrigation system.
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548
The Native American
A progressive colony of Indian young men
have established themselves under this sys-
tem, who expect to demonstrate the initia-
tive and enterprise of the younger generation
of Pima when free to follow out their own
ideas unhampered by ancient ways and
customs.
has been very largely appropriated by the
settlers above the Pima reservation, the crops
have frequently proved failures, and there is
now very seldom a year when a full crop is
obtained on all cultivated lands within the
reservation. It is hoped that the proposed
San Carlos reservoir may be constructed in
Governor Hunt at Pima Fair.
Roundup of Horses. Gila Bend Reservation
The chief resources of the Gila River reser-
vation are farming and stock raising. In
former years when irrigating water in the
Gila river was adequate, farming was practi-
cally the sole means of livelihood of the Pima
Indians. Of late years, since the water supply
the near future, so that a new period of pros-
perity may dawn for these worthy and in-
dustrious people whose friendship for the
whites from the earliest times has never
wavered.
Markets for crops are good, the towns in
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Phoenix Indian School
547
the vicinity of the reservation taking roost
of the produce they raised. The nearest
railroad points are Casa Grande and Chan-
dler.
There are in the neighborhood of seventy-
a greater variety of crops is being planted,
including some 200 or 300 acres of Egyptian
cotton this year, and where the water supply
justifies it, small fruit orchards are being
set out. Modern machinery is taking the
place of the old-fashioned sickle and other
primitive methods of farming, as fast as the
Crop of Sorghum Cane at Pima School Farm
eight employees regularly employed under
the Pima Indian agency.
The advancement of the Pima toward a
high standard of civilization during the past
twenty years is a matter that must com-
Employees' Quarters, Sacaton Arizona
now limited resources of the Indians will
permit of their providing themselves in this
way.
That these Indians should have made this
great progress in the face of semi-arid condi-
tions for so many years past, and due to the
diversion of their irrigating water by other
Pima Indians working on Headgate of Little Gila River
mand the admiration of all who know the
facts. Almost all the younger generation
speak En^glisb; the. majority of new build-
ings being erected by these young people
are substantial adobe or frame dwellings;
Electric Power House and Pumping Station near Sacaton,
Arizona.
parties, and have maintained themselves dur-
ing periods of privation consequent upon this
loss, which would long ago have exhausted the
patience of their white neighbors, and that
with a constancy the more remarkable in the
face of these difficulties they should retain a
strong hope in a brighter and not distant
(Continued on page 552.)
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548
The Native American
The Native Amemcan
Catered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GCX)DMAN, Superintendent
^ Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu'
cation and Printed by Indian Student'Appreniices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
Work on the new domestic science build-
ing is progressing rapidly.
Don't forget the Tuskegee singers at the
chapel Sunday evening. December 13.
The new Kimble motor for the printing
office has arrived and is waiting to be in-
stalled.
Mr. and Mrs. Waite have commenced
housekeeping in the quarters formerly occu-
pied by the printei.
Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence have moved into
the cottage formerly occupied by Mr. and
Mrs. Klingenberg.
Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, medical supervisor,
gave a talk on tuberculosis Wednesday even-
ing at the health meeting.
Salt River valley has been blessed with
another big rain. The fall was fairly steady
nearly all of Tuesday night.
Max Smelansky is the newly appointed
tailor who arrived Monday from Washington,
D. C, and entered on duty December 1.
A Native American social is a pi>S8ibility
of the near future, so get on our subscription
list, boys and girls. Join the N. A. family
and be sociable. '
Marcus Carabajal, Phoenix 1911, was a
visitor on the campus the first of the week.
Marcus has been taking a commercial course
at Carlisle for the past several years.
Dinah McLean has returned from outing
in Phoenix to take the position at the East
Farm sanatorium made vacant by the trans-
fer of Mrs. May Barnes to Whiteriver.
Two volley ball courts have been made
between the disciplinarian's office and band
room.
Miss Hendrix entertained at dinner Sun-
day Miss Crozier of Globe and Miss Thurston
of Phoenix. Miss Crozier is the new county
superintendent of schools of Gila county.
Mrs. J. A. Murphy and son Arthur en-
joyed an automobile ride to Mesa Tuesday
with Superintendent Goodman who went
over to take Special Agent Brown and Mr.
Marten.
R. A Ward, chief clerk at Pima agency,
came over Sunday evening to bring Special
Agent Harry T. Brown and Herbert Marten,
who remained in Phoenix several days look-
ing up some claims for Indian labor
The boys of the carpenter, paint, and tin
shop have completed a pyramid lead rack
for the printing office which will hold all
the leads and slugs needed for years to come.
Compartments for rule cases are also pro-
vided.
Mrs. Jacob Breid, Mrs .W. J. Oliver and
Mrs. A. E. Marden entertained the members
of their Sunday School class society at the
Breid cottage Tuesday afternoon. The at
tendance was large and a good bit of sew
ing was accomplished for the charity box.
Miss White very generously entertained
the teachers' reading circle Thursday night
in her room after the business meeting.
Tea and Welsh rarebit were served. Aft^
reading in Gilbert's book that the Grand
Canyon is "cute" and partaking of such a
feast, is it any wonder that some of the
teachers dreamed of hobgoblins and walked
in their sleep?
Miss Mary P. NichoUs arrived Friday to
take the position of nurse at the sanatorium,
having been transferred from the Panama
Canal Service where she has been employed
for four and a half years. Miss Ificholls takes
the position which has been temporarily filled
by Mrs. Catherine Short.
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Phoenix Indian School
549
Paper Claim to Land Was Only an Overall Ad
That the uneducated Indian has in the
past been the victim of much deception in
regard to the importance and legality of
documents is strikingly illustrated by the
following clipping which has been going the
rounds of the public press:
Instead of an important document, report-
ed to be the power of attorney given in 1880
by Papago Indians to Col Robert Hunter,
whose heirs are now claiming a half interest
in 8,284 square miles of the Papago lands
in southern Arizona, Frank Thackery, Gov-
ernment agent at Sacaton, after a long and
arduous search has found that it is only an
advertisement of a brand of overalls used
about thirty years ago.
This spring C. A. Guittard, representing
the heirs, filed nine quit-claim deeds to the
land, one of which was for land on which
the old San Xavier mission was built, in the
recorder's office at Tucson. The Hunter
heirs were to receive an undivided one-half
interest in the land for prosecuting the
claims of the Indians. Later an agreement
was filed, made between Hunter and
R. M. Martin, Los Angeles attorney in 1911,
just before Hunter's death, which transferred
three-fourths of Hunter's interest to Martin
for prosecuting the fight.
Martin and the Hunter interests joining
forces have brought a suit before the court
of claims in Washington for the land. In
order to get evidence in the case the Gov-
ernment agents determined to get possession
of this important document which they had
heard of, and Frank Thackery, an Indian
agent at Sacaton, in company with Dr. J. A.
Murphy, a physician in the Indian Service,
went on a trip in the Papago country by
automobile, searching among the nomadic
Papago Indians for the chief who was sup-
posed to have this document.
Finally he was located near Cabobi near
the international line. He admitted that
he did have an important document and
finally produced the treasure wrapped in
many folds of gunny sacking. When finally
unwrapped it proved to be an ancient ad-
vertisement of a famous brand of overalls,
showing two pictures, one the front view of
a man clad in the garment standing up and
another view showing the same man with
his back turned.
The two agents after recovering from their
astonishment abandoned the search in
disgust. — Los Angeles Examiner.
Indian Service Changes Noted
Miss Mary Cogan has been appointed field
matron at Cornfield, Arizona.
U. L. Clardy has been appointed issue
clerk at Fort Apache, Arizona.
Miss Carrie E. Beers has resigned as teacher
at the Sac and Fox sanatorium, Iowa.
Miss Ella Brewer has been transferred
to Tacoma, Washington, from Leech Lake,
Minnesota.
M. P. Stanley has been transferred from
Sugar Point, Minnesota, to Cantonment, Okla-
homa, as principal teacher.
Supt. Charles E. Burton has been trans-
ferred from the Springfield school. South
Dakota, to Santee, Nebraska.
Miss Frazier of Grinnell, Iowa, has been
appointed boys' matron at Genoa, to succeed
Miss Boyd who was transferred to Carlisle.
R. E. L Daniel, who has been clerk at the
Pawnee agency, Oklahoma, has been trans-
ferred to Nett Lake, Minnesota, as superin-
tendent.
F E. Mclntyre, who has been superinten-
dent of the Santee government school for
several years, has been transferred to the
Shoshoni agency as chief clerk.
Carl F. Mayer has been transferred from
Wind River, Wyoming, to Leech Lake, Minne-
sota, as superintendent, succeeding Supt.
John F. Giegoldt.
Supt A. B. Reagan has been transferred
from Nett Lake, Minnesota, to Idapah, Utah.
Mrs.01iver Huffman has been transferred
from Crow Creek, South Dakota, to,Genoa as
teacher.
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550
The Native American
Young Indians on Trial
Hon. Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian
Affairs, spoke at Hampton Institute on Sun-
day evening, November 22, on *The Young
Indian's Responsibility."
Commissioner Sells declared that he had
come to Hampton, with Oscar H. Lipps,
Superintendent of the Carlisle Indian school,
and John Francis, who is in charge of the
educational division of the Bureau of Indian
Affairs, to discover the secret of Hampton's
success and absorb some of Hampton^s en-
thusiasm.
The Hampton Spirit
After spending Sunday with the forty-
five Indian students at Hampton and seeing
as much as he could of the school's life.
Commissioner Sells affirmed that all that
has been said concerning Hampton was, in
his opinion, more than justified. He com-
mented on the wide-spread purpose and
real earnestness which he found on every
hand.
He touched on the problems that face the
red and black races and said that the con-
test of the white man for supremacy, so far
as Indians was concerned, has produced an
evolution that is amounting to revolution.
It is unreasonable, be declared, for men to
expect either the red or black race to ac-
complish in fifty or even a hundred years
what it has taken the white race two thou-
sand years to accomplish. He referred in
passing to the fratricidal war row going on
in Europe as a denial of even that civilization.
Commissioner Sells declared that the In-
dian Bureau is responsible, in a large measure,
for the education, health, moral conditions,
wealth, and possibly the destiny of the human
race.
The Indians today have a vast property
which is estimated at a billion dollars. White
men are waiting to determine whether or
not the young Indians can demonstrate their
capacity for self-support. If the young In-
dians fail, then the next generation will not
be given an opportunity, for by that time
the white race will have sufficient excuse
for appropriating what the Indians have.
"Young Indians," he said, "must meet new
conditions and do the things that their
mothers and fathers could not do, thereby
justifying themselves and those who come
after them."
Commissioner Sells said that he repudi-
ates the doctrine that the Indian is a vanish-
ing race. He added that Indians should be
treated in their personal and property rights
just as white persons under like conditions.
His closing thought was that no man ought
to be Commissioner of Indian Affairs who is
unwilling to throw himself on the altar of
the red race, regardless of the criticism, cen-
. sure, and misunderstanding that may come
to him.
The problem of learning how to do things
worth while that will help solve the problem
of life, is the one that Indians must face
This is the problem that Hampton Institute
has been working on for half a century.
Address to Indians
Commissioner Sells spoke earlier in the
day to the Indian boys and girls. "What
are you here for?" This was his direct ques-
tion. He said in substance:
"If I could know the things you are in-
terested in, and the kind of friends you have,
I could very nearly place your destiny. If
it were possible to fasten you to a huge der-
rick and swing you into the heart of some
foreign country, the natural thing would be
for you to earn a living. You would place
yourself among the same kind of associates
that you have chosen here.
"When you go home give value for value
received. On no race of people rests so
great a responsibility as on the Indian young
men and women of today. You have the
opportunities of education- If you fail to
make use of these opportunities, the next
generation will not have them.
"You must look beyond the mere duties
and details of today. You must not come
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Phoenix Indian School
551
here simply to get a good education. Come
because you have the vision to accomplish
something for your people.
As We See Others
The Native American acknowledges re-
ceipt of the Pasco School News, Dade City,
Florida, among its many exchanges. This
paper is edited and printed by the students
of the school and is bright, newsy and well
printed although the composition and make-
up can be improved.
As Others See Us
It is great surprise when one reads Hamp-
ton Institute on the cover of the Southern
Workman. No one would think on the first
reading that the Southern Workman came
from a school. The paper compares favor-
ably with any of the standard magazine. To
criticise the paper in more general terms
would be a task for one who knows more
about literature than we do. About the
Native American the same may be said. It
contains less reading matter though than
the Southern Workman. This probably is
compensated by its more frequent appear-
ance. The articles are of interest to any per-
son that is an American citizen, in the sense
that they take an interest in public affairs
What shall become of the "Native American*'
is a vital national question. — Red and Blue,
Franklin School, New York City.
Native American, Phoenix, Arizona— Might
we suggest that in folding your paper you
destroy the otherwise pleasing impression
which you create. — Pebbles, Marshalltown,
Iowa.
Na'hve American — Your paper is very in-
teresting.— Palmetto and Pine, St. Peters-
burg, Fla.
Osage Payment Suspended
Cato Sells is the first Comissioner of Indian
Affairs to make use of Section 2087 of the
Revised Statutes of the United States which
empowers him to suspend payments to the
Indians when he believes there are intoxicat-
ing liquors within convenient reach.
Commissioner Sells has just directed the
superintendent of the Osage reservation in
Oklahoma to suspend the December p jyment
of several hundred thousand dollars unless
he is satisfactorily assured by the chiefs and
head men of the tribe and the county and
town officers, also the leading citizens of Paw
huska, that the law against selling liquor to
the Indians or introducing same into Indian
country is strictly enforced.
There has been gross violation of the liquor
law in the Osage country.
Exendine for Carlisle Coach
Washington and Jefferson football men,
who played against Georgetown at Wash-
ington, p. C, last Saturday, brought back the
report to Washington that A. A. Exendine,
Georgetown coach, had been signed to coach
the Carlisle eleven, succeeding Glen Warner
who will be at Pittsburg university next
year. Exendine is a former Carlisile star
and served his first year at Georgetown this
season. Exendine partially confirmed the
report of his departure from Georgetown. —
Ex.
A Hartsburg teacher has received a note like
this:
"Dear Mum— Please excuse Johnny today.
He won't be at school. He is acting at time-
keeper for his father. L/ast night you gave
him this example: If a field is 4 mi. square,
how long will it take a man walking at 3 mi.
per hr. to walk two and a half times around it.
Johnny hain't no man, so we had to send his
daddy; they left early this morning and they
ought to be back t«nite, but my husband said
it would be hard going. Dear Mum, please
make the next problem about ladies, as my hus-
band can't afford to lose a day's work. The
I/ord only knows I have no time to loaf, but
I can spare a day off better than my husband
can. Resp'y your, Mrs. Jones." — Exchange.
Detective — What makes you think the burglar
was a locksmith?
Victim of robbery — Why I saw him make a
bolt for the 6.oor.—Red and Black.
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552
The Native Americas
Pima Reservation
(Continued from page 547.)
future is a cause for wonder and commenda-
tion on the part of all who know the facts, and
is in itself a sufficient and ample criterion
of the unusually promising material that is to
be found in the Pima tribe of Indians. Their
agricultural activities are the subject of a
splendid eulogy in the report of Major Emory
of the United States army as far back as the
year 1848,
These Indians have shown themselves es-
pecially anxious to adopt all that is most
worthy in the white man*s civilization, and
it is deeply to be regretted that their kind-
ness and protection accorded to the early
settlers of the state and their consistent
friendship to the whites whose blood they
have never shed, has resulted in the latter's
appropriation of their chief source of liveli-
hood in tae life-giving waters of the ancient
river on which the early Spanish explorers
found them, and it is to be earnestly hoped
that the guardian Government may enable
this tribe whose faith and patience have
alike been monumental to assume again,
through the restitution of their irrigating
water, the rights and obligations of an inde-
pendent people.
Carson School, Stewart, Nevada
Nerada Amfriran.
Mr. and Mrs. P. J. Gehritiger, disciplinarian
and matron, received formal notice of their
transfer to Carlisle school, and departed Tues-
day evening for their new post of duty. A. V.
Wristen is filling the place of Mr. Gehringer
temporarily and Mrs. Pridley is taking care of
the small boys in addition to her duties as baker.
E. J. Wilkinson, farmer, received word from
the department that owing to the shortage of
funds for this school he was transferred to the
position of farmer at Leupp, Arizona, school
at the same salary, $900.
clerk for the past three years, has resigned
and is now assistant cashier of the Farmer's
National Bank of Hammon.
Miss Lizzie J. McMahon has resigned as
teacher of the day school on account of ill
health.
Miss Uula Tipton of Newkirk is temporary-
teacher.
Miss Blanche E. Bartley of Amsterdam, New-
York, is now financial clerk.
Earl Gifiin, school farmer, has gone to
Campo, Colorado, to file on Government lands.
A new concrete oil and paint house at the
school, and horse barn at the farmer's house
are authorized.
The school teams planted 200 acres of wheat
and bound 40 acres of maize in October.
The Red Moon herd contains 53 head of
thoroughbred Shorthorn cattle. Recently a
male calf was expressed to the Otoe school
and Parmer Caulkins hauled another overland
to Cantoament.
Hogs to the amount of $478.60 were sold
during the past month that were fattened on
grain grown in the past season with 4.69 inches
of rainfall.
Thirteen Indians of this agency planted
wheat this fall and it is looking fine.
Amos Hawk is attending the Draughton
Business college at Oklahoma City.
James Howling Water has been enrolled at
Phoenix Indian School and will go to the
East Parm sanatorium for his health.
Pupils enrolled from this agency at reserva-
tion schools number as follows: Two boys at
Phoenix, Arizona; four girls at Chilocco, Okla-
homa; three boys at Ha&kell Institute, Law-
rence, Kansas.
ROSTER
Wm. E. Dunn, Supt. and Spec. Disb. Agt.
Lula Tipton, (temporary) Teacher
Lfizzie B. McCorquodale,
Matron
Earl Giffin,
Laborer
AGENCY
Blanche E. Bartley,
Financial clerk
Sidney I^. Caulkins,
Farmer
I^ee Dorrah,
Physician
Christiana Kliewer,
Field matron
Estella C. Giffiii,
Asst. matron
Darwin Hayes,
Police
Red Moon School, Hammon, Oklahoma
Bv Special VorrespondefU.
The school did not buy a bale of cotton to
join the **Buy a Bale club" for a bale was
raised on the school farm.
Charles L. Giffin, who has been financial
Bird — It's simply fine to wake up in the morn-
ing and hear the leaves whispering outside
your window.
Mulvey--It*8 all right to hear the leaves whis-
per, but I never could stand hearing the grass
mown ! — Red and Black,
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Phoenix Indian School
553
Lapwai, Idaho
Nez Perce Indian.
The collection of grain and gra&ses raised
by the Nez Petce Indians, which was shown
at the Spokane and Lewiston fairs, is now on
display at the Manufacturers' and L/and
Products show in Portland. With the grain
and srarden products is also shown a collection
of baskets, bead -work, corn husk bags and
native handiwork. A card is displayed among
the sheaves of grain, which reads: **The In-
dians once 'raised scalps.' Now they *raise
wheat.' " Another card reads: "Some people
are 'chesty' b#*cause their ancestors came over
in the Mayflower. But remember, the an-
cestors of the Indians were on the reception
committee when the Mayflower arrived."
The Indians' exhibit attracts much attention
from the thousands of visitors at the exposi-
tion. It is in charge of J. J. Swartz.— iV^^
Perce Indian.
The Government is purchasing land in
Minnesota for the homeless Mille I^ac Indians.
Congress made an appropriation of $40,000 for
the purpose.
Tucson Indian Training Scliool
liy Special Correspondent.
The older students of the Tucson Indian
Training school had the privilege of attending
two of the sessions of the Y. M. C. A. convention
held in Tncson recently. On Sunday afternoon
Mr. Frazier, secretary of the Douglass associa-
tion, conducted the church service at the
school and the students enjoyed the talk. The
school had the pleasure of entertaining three
delegates from the Phoenix Government school
during the time of the convention.
Thanksgiving day was thorougly enjoyed by
students and teachers. The dining rooms look-
ed very festive, and the dinner was a credit to
the cooks. At three o'clock the football game
between the San Xavier and Escuela teams
was called. The game resulted in a score of
13 - 0 in favor of Escuela. Two touchdowns
were made by Mark Porter, right end, one on
a forward pass from Vincent Garcia and one
on a fake end run. Special credit is due Cap-
tain Frank Porter for his shift plays. After
supper the boys celebrated their victory with
a big bonfire.
Plans for the Christmas season have been
made, and preparations are well under way.
Work on the new plumbing system is pro-
gressing well and it is hoped that before many
weeks the plumbing will be completely instal-
ed throughout the plant.
On November 14 Superintendent Record and
S. Y. Barkley, elder in the Tucson Presbyter-
ian church, drove to San Miguel to organize an
Indian church there. At the service on Sun-
day fourteen members were taken into the
church and three babies were baptized. Rich-
ard Hendricks was elected elder. The Wo-
men's Board of Home Missions of the Pres-
byterian church has started a day school at
San Miguel with Miss Wolfe as teacher and
Miss Chapin as field worker.
First — **Oh, you don't know what we have
upstairs. It's a new baby brother."
Second— "Is he going to stay?"
First— **I think so — he has his clothes ofi^."
— Scout.
Crow Indian Reservation
As one nears the reservation on the railroad,
he passes through a country so purely and
typically western that the mind of an imagi-
native tenderfoot is fired to activity as he real-
izes that eyen in the train the irresistible spirit
of the west prevails. Now the train passes
through a cut of blue or red earth in a steep
bare hill, in one or more sides of which has
been washed odd ridges and folds that are
striped with the queer colors of nature — gray,
red, blue, brown. On the uncut sides there is
grass but it is very short, and unless a rain
has recently fallen it is parched and dried to
a yellowish brown.
Then the train winds up a draw or cooly,
and at last conies out on an uneven plain that
stretches out on either side for miles, finally
terminating in what seems to be low hills,
strangely veiled in a pale blue mist.
Occasionally a small herd of long horned
cattle are seen, but to the lover of the west
these are only sad reminders of what has been,
for the day of the cowboy and roundup is gone
forever from northern Wyoming and Montana.
The towns that appear so important on the
railroad maps are found to consist of a ship-
ping corral, mentioned first because it is the
most important; a little store with a square front,
both of which are surrounded by miles of thick-
ly populated prairie dog towns, and these form
suburbs that would rival those of a large city
as far as population is concerned. With the ex-
ception of these small towns, miles are crossed
without even seeing fence posts as a sign of
habitation.
The train at length enters the valley of the
Big Horn river, and here trees, grass and grain
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The Native American
fields appear. The valiey is now narrow then
wide, but in the clear western air the details
of hills fire miles distant are distinctly and
clearly seen; while those ten miles are but
little less clear, being slightly covered with
the blue haze.
A few miles from the agency, the train
passes within sight of the famous Custer
battle field, and to the passengers it appears a
high white hill covered so thickly with little
white marble stones as to be almost whitened.
A large monument rises in the center of these.
The little village that forms the headquarters
of the agency is a pleasant surprise. The first
object that attracts attention is the large well
kept park of the Indian school. This runs
along one side and the full length of the little
**main street," while one store, the post office
included, and several pretty little houses where
the government officials, nearly all of whom are
Indians, live. There are Indianson the streets,
quiet, plainly dressed fellows, who were much
more polite than I, since they did. not stare at
me as I did at them. But save for moccasins,
and black braids of hair which are invisible
under their big broad hats, the men dress
very much like white men. However in re-
gard to dress the squaws differ from the
**buckt," for they never venture out without
a large blanket over their heads, regardless of
the season.
If I expected, as I almost did, to see wig-
wams and war bonnets immediately upon leav-
ing the train, I was certainly disappointed, for
a prettier, neater little village I have never
visited. On leaving the village one passes
within sight of the large flour mills where all
of the flour which the Indians use is ground.
There is also a large power plant and an ice
factory in the village.
The home of the friend whom I visited is
situated nine miles from town on the beautiful
Big Horn river, and was formerly the home
of an Indian family, a fact which was of
most interest to me. The house is a two room
log building with a porch running along one
side, very ordinary looking from the outside
but a perfect fairyland to me within. For
there I found such a collection of Indian work
as I have never seen before, and never hope
to see equaled. Although the colorings and
designs seem primitive, the beauty of the In-
dian beadwork is unequaled and their weav-
ing is wonderful. These specimens of a
conquered race will soon be priceless, for the
rising generation of **civilized Indians" will
no longer do this work; and the old Indians
cannot and do not care to long remain on their
now cultivated hunting grounds. Tempted
as I was by the beauty of these novelties to
remain indoors, I soon begged permission to
explore the woods about the place, and found
them far more irresistible. The big cotton-
wood trees closely surrounded the buildings
and extended all up and down the river, while
the under brush of quaking asp and "quakin-
eye," as the Indians call it, choke cherry
bushes, buffalo bushes and rose bushes and
vines innumerable, make a solid barrier that
confines one closely to the paths that have
been made. But the river was open, and
this I forded at once, and found myself in
such a bower of fruit as I have never been in
before — large black choke cherries hanging
in clusters larger than one's hand, and so
heavy that the limbs bent low under their
weight; and the buffalo bushes, so matted
with bright red berries that their slender,
pale green leaves were scarcely visible. And
such a feast to me who loves the woods, no-
thing is more delicious than large luscious choke
cherries, but one must become used to the buf-
falo berries before their peculiar flavor is en-
joyed. When first placed in the mouth, they
are very sour, but in almost an instant the j be-
come very sweet* This sweetness makes the
next mouthful taste more sour than ever and
thus they alternate.
Shortly after sundown I heard a call from
the house and, loath to leave the fruit, I broke
off large branches and started back wi*h my
arms full. Though the horizon was still rosy.
the upper sky was deep violet, and midway be-
tween hung a great star. From down river came
the cawing of a crow, and here and there about
me a small bird chirped. The pure clear air
seemed to penetrate not only my lungs, but my
entire body, and seemed to possess the power
to bear me up and away in it. And, filled with
a desire to leap and shout, when I reached the
river bank I halted. Before me lay the river
and around me lay the woods, and every where
about me I felt the power of Nature, unmarred
by human hands and as she has been for ages.
Could this scene have witnessed any act of
savage bloodshed, have been penetrated by the
war whoop? Has this been the home of the In-
dians? It has, but until the paleface came with
his cunning manners and his fire water the
Crows were Nature's children, and ever as
peaceable as their parents, for the Crow Indians
are not naturally a warlike people, and only
the white man has made him so. Is this then
the result of our boasted civilization? — Ex,
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For the Blackboard
Leave your school better for
having studied in it.
Leave your home better for
having lived in it.
Leave the world better for
having worked in it.
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Cf ^
Hon. Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian AflPairs.
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LliJIlA
'NOT FOR SCHOOL. BUT FOR LIFE*'
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
LMJiM:
Devoted to Indian Education
iKill
Volume fS
^December t2, 1914
9(fimber42
Alcohol and Efficiency
THE use of alcohol is a question that
has become one directly relating to
individual and aggregate eflSciency of those
on whom the nations depend in time of
peace for industrial progress, and in time of
war for defense, and has moved out of the
domain of sentiment and morals into that
of economics.
Alcohol and eflBciency are absolutely ir-
reconcilable properties. Science and experi-
ence have demonstrated that fact beyond
all doubt, and in this age of stress and
strenuousness. when compstition is fierce in
every field of industrial and commercial
activity, efficiency is of essential and in-
dispensable importance.
Russia's edict against the sale of vodka
was meant to be only temporary when made
a few days ago. But very recently the
minister of finance received an order from
the emperor that the prohibition of the sale
of vodka sHould be continued indefinitely
after the war. The order was based princi-
pally on the tremendously improved condi-
tion of the country since the sale of vodka
was prohibited.
The German emperor has prohibited treat-
ing in his army. Earl Kitchener has sought
to impress upon his soldiers the necessity of
abstaining from liquor, and France has re-
stricted the sale of absinthe.
The Philadelphia North American ex-
presses the view that the position as to
alcohol has been taken because every one of
the nations at war recognizes the supreme
need for calling to their aid the vital factors
which m ike for success, and these only, and
the first move was against alcohol.
The New York VKor/rfsays the czar's edict
was the inauguration of the greatest temper-
ance movement in the history of the world
The strongest testimony against alcohol
is that of the Journal of the American
Medical Association, which says:
"The truth is that the relation of alcohol
and fighting has been squarely met, and the
fact admitted that they are not compatible.
It has been scientifically demonstrated by
experiments in the Swedish army that even
a small quantity of alcohol decreases the
marksmanship of the man with a gun.
"A squad of soldiers who had been with-
out beer for some time averaged 23 hits out
of 30 in shooting at a target. Before the next
test they were allowed a glass of beer apiece
at night and another the following morning,
and that afternoon they hit only 3 targets
out of 30.
This result was so astonishing that another
test was made after the men had been de-
prived of beer for several days, and the same
men averaged 26 hits out of 80." — Houston
{Texas) Chroniae.
Russia's (jreat Drink Reform
If the manufacture, sale and consumption
of whiskey and all "hard" liquors were sud-
denly stopped in the United States— if the
country's 2.300 distilleries were put out of
business by a stroke of the pen and the
Government's income of $163,879,342 yearly
from this source absolutely cut off— we
should have a condition of things approxi-
mately resembling that brought about in
Russia by the abolition of the vodka traffic.
Yet even this parallel does not fully represent
the revolution in Russia's drinking habits
whereby 150,000,000 persons are affected at
an annual cost to the Government of $500,-
000.000 in revenue.
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The Native American
Doubtless no more heroic reform measure
was ever introduced by any Government.
It has remained for the absolute monarchy
whose name is synonymous with oppression,
but which yet anticipated our own free nation
in liberating the serf, to give force to what
is altogether the most remarkable temper-
ance movement in the world's history.
Fully as remarkable as the reform itself is
the agency by which it was accomplished.
It is mainly to the personal efforts of a man
of peasant birth, a house painter by trade and
now a millionaire humanitarian, Michael
Dimitrovich Tchelisheff, that Russia is re-
lieved of the "curse of vodka." As village
councilor, mayor, member of the duma, and
at last by personal appeals to the czar, he
has steadfastly fought for the great end he
has now achieved The history of reform
records no more romantic career than that of
the man who almost single-handed and alone
has convened one of the modern world's
greatest peoples to temperance. — New York
World.
Chief Two Moons on Temperance
By Henry A. Larson, Chief (Ipicer for IJf/uor Suppression
Vnited States Indiun Serrice.
Two Moons, the hereditary chief of the
Cheyenne, is the only living chief who led
the Cheyenne in the famous Custer mas-
sacre. Over seventy years old now, more
than six feet tall, and straight as an arrow
he made a picturesque appearance recently
when he stopped in Denver and visited with
Officer J. P. Brandt of the liquor suppression
office of the Indian Service. The old war-
rior who fought at the front of one of the
bloodiest battles of Indian history was mak-
ing a most peaceful and civilized trip across
the continent to be a guest of honor at
the Grand Lodge of the Improved Order of
Red Men which met at Wildwood. New Jer-
sey.
Two Moons has changed his idea on sever-
al things in the years he has led a peaceful
life, however, and one of them is liquor.
When asked by Officer Brandt as to how he
stood on the liquor question, he replied that
usually in the past when he had been away
in the east he had been offered liquor by
well-meaning people and had usually ac-
cepted it, but now he had come to the con-
clusion that he would refuse liquor forever.
He says 1 e has learned that the boss of
the big fighting boats of the white men have
forbidden any liquor to be drunk upon them,
and that the man who has charge of all
the white man's states, the man they call
Bryan, would not drink liquor; and that
our boss, the Commissioner, was very much
against liquor, and last of all. that the white
man's big chief, President Wilson, was not
using whiskey, so he had decided that it
would not be proper for the red men's chief
to use it and that in future he would not
drink anything stronger than grape juice.
I
I
I
I
Q The evil result of the liquor traffic among Indians is a
matter of grave concern to the white citizens of the country,
both for the reason that they are properly interested in the
uplift of the red man, and for the further reason ihat the
impoverishment of the Indian means that he will ultimately
become a charge upon the tax payers of the several states.
Commissioner Cato Sells.
I
I
I
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Phoenix Indian School
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Secretary Bryan Condemns Liquor
If the soldier must give up alcohol because
it interferes with his efficiency why should not
the civilian promote his efficiency by giving
it up? And if it is demonstrated that alcohol
is an evil, and only an evil; if it is proven
that it lessens the productive value of the
citizens, who will say that the nation should
look upon this great evil with indifference
merely because a few people want to grow
rich out of a drink that is destructive? Why
should we condemn opium, morphine and co-
caine if we are to worship at the shrine of
whisky and beer? — Secretary Bryan in July
Commoner.
Murderer Stiil at Large
Last month a member of the Peace Pipe
staff happened to be in Yankton, South
Dakota, during the trial of a jug of whiskey
for the murder of one, Nellie Brewer, who
was shot to death in the Milwaukee stock
yards of that city on the evening of July 2,
a day after the saloons were opened after
being closed for several months.
Whiskey, the principal witness, turned
state's evidence against its agent or tool,
Charles Bowman, a quarter-blood Indian,
through whom, he (booze) committed the
terrible crime. Bowman, the accomplice of
"Booze." got a life sentence; to spend the re-
mainder of his natural life behind the bars
of the prison at Sioux Falls, South Dakota,
and whiskey was set free to find some other
weakling to help carry on its mission of de-
stroying womanhood, manhood, happiness
and life.
During the trial "Booze" was in evidence.
Every person that attended any part of the
trial must have been convinced that "Booze"
was directly responsible for the crime. The
voters who sanctioned the right (?) to turn
Demon Rum, as he is otherwise known, loose
on the public without much restrictions must
have realized what they did when they voted
Yankton wet.
It is said that the trial will cost the citizens
of Yankton county $5,000. The defendant's
lawyer will perhaps get $2,500. If a new
trial is secured, as is customary, twice the
amount will be expended. There will be the
uselessexpenditure of $15,000. all on account
of the soul, home and life destroying liquoi*
traffic.
The liquor problem seemed to be very prom-
inent during the part of the trial that we
took in. The trial itself was a study of the
liquor problem. It was brought out at the
trial that long before Bowman was born his
father was a drunken white trash who found
refuge in an Indian tepee. He taught his
son to drink liquor at the age of twelve.
From that time on the boy became a slave
to alcohol.
The trial is over. Bowman is sentenced,
but as long as the real murderer, liquor, is
allowed to be sold, so long will these crimes
be committed. — Peace Pipe,
Noted Tennis Player Does Not Use
intoxicating Liquor
McLoughlin, the great tennis player, does
not drink, thus adding another to the long
list of eminent people who have no use for
such a destroyer of nerve force. Any man
who is a scientific manager of himself leta
liquor alone. — Nevada Amercan,
(J There are two kinds of clock-watchers: One sees how
much longer he must NA^ork before he can go home— the
other sees how much longer he can work before he must
go home -Ford Times*
C)aOPOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOC>«>OOOOOODOOOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOOOOOOO{
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560
The Native American
The Native Amekican
Sotered at Phoenix, Arizona, as Second Class Mall Matter
C. W. GCX)DMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY- FIVE CENTS A YEAR
Mrs. Anna E. Hoffman, field matron at
Sacaton, came over Tuesday afternoon with
two girls and remained a day or two on
business in connection with her work.
Mr. and Mrs. M. E. Waite have gone to
southern California to visit Mrs. Waiters
parents over the holidays. Mr. Waite is
on his annual leave.
Rev. J. H. Brittian, pastor of the Free
Methodist church, conducted the services
Sunday afternoon. He had just arrived in
Phoenix from Long Beach, California, where
he had charge of a church.
Lirro P. Ramon writes from Mecca, Cali-
fornia, to see about his Native American. He
says: "Isadore Domingo is here at Martinez
and is getting along all right with his work.
Peter Norte is near Los Angeles and is work-
ing, also. We wish to be remembered to our
schoolmates and friends and teachers. We
are doing just what we learned there at the
school."
The academic department offers a pennant
to the best grade school garden, the contest
to last from now to Commencement. Dr.
Breid, Mr. Waite and Mr. Wade have con-
sented to act as judges and will inspect the
gardens at intervals throughout the year,
giving notice on Monday preceding the Sat-
urday on which they will make their in-
spection. The points to be graded are: The
best cultivated garden, greatest amount pro-
duced, best general appearance, best thinned
beds, best care of garden tools, best kept
ditches and borders, best commencement
exhibit.
Dr. F. E. Rodriguez, field dentist, has com-
pleted his work on the Pima agency and is
now at San Xavier among the Papago Indians.
Miss Gould went to Tempe Saturday after-
noon and remained over night the guest of
Miss Anna Ridenour, preceptress at the
Normal.
Dr. J. A. Murphy, medical supervisor,
left Friday morning for Sacaton. He was
accompanied by Mrs. Murphy and son
Arthur and they will probably be at the
Pima agency several weeks.
Dr. W. J. Lanahan, who spent the summer
on dental work at the Phoenix school, has
completed Colorado River at Parker, Arizona,
and Pueblo Bonito at Crownpoint, New Mex-
ico, and is now detailed to Fort Defiance,
Arizona.
A new hospital for Indians is to be erected
at Cloquet, Minnesota, at an early date. It
will be modern and fully equipped and will
be for all of the Indians of northeastern
Minnesota. This is one of the hospitals
provided for in the last Indian appropriation
bill.
Miss Hendrix took the seventh grade
girls for a picnic on the desert the first of
the week. It was a new experience for some
of the prairie-raised Oklahoma girls who en-
joyed the trip greatly, and of course our
native Arizonans were happy at the oppor-
tunity to be out among the cacti and grease-
wood again. Miss White was also a guest.
Miss Fowler entertained a small party of
Phoenix and campus ladies Saturday after-
noon at her apartments at the large boys*
home, and a most delightful social affair it
proved to be. After an hour or two of sew-
ing and fancy work, the hostess, assisted by
Mrs. E. P. Grinstead, Master John Grinstead
and little Miss Katherine Grinstead, served
a tempting luncheon. Guests of honor were
Mrs. J. A. Murphy of Washington, D. C, and
Miss Ruth Percival of the campus whose en-
gagement was recently announced to Lloyd
Elliott of Phoenix.
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Phoenix Indian School
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Indian Service Clianges Noted
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Brooks have been
transfer^ from Greenville, California, to
Rosebud, South Dakota.
Miss Enola Acord has been appointed
teacher of housekeeping at the Fort Totten
school, North Dakota.
Miss Gertrude M. Parr has been transferred
from Lower Brule, South Dakota, to Tomah,
Wisconsin, as teacher.
Mrs. Harriet M. Humphreys has been trans-
ferred from Lower Brule, South Dakota, to
Bismarck, North Dakota, as matron.
Dr. McKinley has been transferred from
Pala, California, to Schurz, Nevada, as super-
intendent.
Miss Lucile Fitzgerald has been trans-
ferred from Blackfoot, Montana, to Chemawa
as teacher.
Dr. P. A. Slattery has been transferied
from Fort Bidwell, California, to Acomita,
New Mexico.
Miss Fannie B. Williams of Pine Ridge,
South Dakota, has been promoted to princi-
pal teacher at the Martin Kenel school on
Standing Rock reservation. North Dakota.
Miss Delia Henderson has been transferred
from Fort Mohave, Arizona, to Sherman In-
stitute, Riverside, California.
Tlie Umatilla 'Injuns''
Near Pendleton, Oregon, there is a little
"injun" Presbyterian church on the Umatilla
reservation.
More or less connected with the church is
the Tutuilla Temperance society, made up
of Umatilla Indians, each member of which
wears a little sterling silver badge with the
letters T. T. S. engraved thereon.
During the recent state-wide campaign,
these Indians contributed various amounts,
totaling $24.45, to the Anti-Saloon league to
forward the state-wi Je campaign. No money
came to the campaign headquarters that was
more appreciated and more commented on
than was the remittance of these "braves"
from Umatilla.
While these Indians are voters, they are
not prone to attention to the white man's
politics which they do not understand and
which most of the white men don't under-
stand either.
But when the wet and dry issue was pre-
sented to them, something happened.
Seventg-five per cent of the Umatilla
Indians voted and not a solitarj) Indian
wet vote can be found in the Umatilla
countn;. The Indian precinct voted dri)
unanimously.
Where is there a voting place in the
United States that can beat the Indian
precinct on the Umatilla reservation?
Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
is preparing to ask Congress to increase the
appropriation for suppressing the liquor
traffic among Indians from $100,000 to $150,-
000 at this session. Let Sells have what he
wants. The Government can never atone for
the century of wrongs that has been heaped
upon these people, chiefly by turning loose
upon them the hideous liquor traffic.
There is no brighter spot on the map than
the Umatilla Indian reservation.
If you doubt this statement, write to Rev.
J. M. Corneilson. missionary to these "sav-
ages," addressing him at Pendleton Oregon,
R F. D. No. I.— New Republic,
Y. M. C. A. Basket Ball Team
By Lemuel Yukktt.
Now that the football season is over, the
interest of the athletic boys of the school
seems to be centered in basket ball, and
many match games have been played by the
Y. M.C. A. team of this school, and this team
can be secured for games later in the season.
There are thirteen boys on the squad who
have finished the football season and accord-
ing to the usual rules should be entitled to
letters. This school has never given letters
of any sort and has no official ruling on the
subject, but it is hoped that it will take up
the matter in the near future. And the thir-
teen boys wh\> have received letters from Miss
Hendrix thank her for those nice yellow P's.
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562
The Native American
Ganado, Arizona
liy Special Corresiiondetii.
Miss Una L. Moore was the hostess at an
afternoon reception at the Ganado hospital,
Wednesday, November 11. Those present
were Mrs. F. M. Parker, Mrs. Barbara Good-
man, Mrs. Elizabeth Cochrane, Mrs. C. N.
Piatt, Misses Cora L. Moore, Anna M. Sheets,
Sara E. Cochrane and Ellen Jones, all having"
an enjoyable time.
Mrs. F. M. Parker and Mrs. Barbara Good-
man also gave an afternoon reception at their
home Thursday. November 19. Those present
were Misses Anna M. Sheets, Cora Iv. Moore,
Una Iv. Moore, Sara E- Cochrane, Ellen Jones,
Mrs. E. D. Kinney, Mrs. H. J. Sandoval and
Mrs. Harry Wetzel. Mr. Hubbell's home is al-
ways noted for hospitality.
Hon. J. L. Hubbell returned home recently.
Stockman E. R. Chambers accompanying- him.
John Curley, wife and children left recently
for Phoenix. He is in attendance at the Cook
Bible school, this being- his second year. Our
good wishes attend them in their work and ef-
forts to enlighten the Navaho people.
The ladies at the dormitory entertained Mrs.
Goodman Monday evening, November 23.
Messrs. Wornack, Welsh and Senter, con-
nected with the Government irrigation service,
are working in this vicinity and in the Black
mountain country.
Miss Anna M. Sheets entertained at a Thanks-
giving dinner at the Ganado hospital. Those
present were Mrs. Barbara Goodman and
daughter La Charles, Mr. and Mrs* E. D.
Kinney and daughter Barbara, Miss Una I^.
Moore and the correspondent. In the evening
a lunch was served to the patients and others,
all of which was enjoyed by all present on
both occasions.
Rev. F. G. Mitchell of Tolchaco, Arizona;
M. R. Johnston of Indian Wells, Arizona, and
Rev. C. N. Piatt of Ganado held a meeting
especially for returned students Sabbath
morning, November 29, and also held a meet-
ing in the afternoon. Both meetings were well
attended and a good degree of interest mani-
fested. They have been traveling by auto, ac-
companied by Rev. L<. I. Thayer of Keams
Canon who is also the missionary to the
Navaho and Hopi at that point. From Ganado
they went to Chin L^ee and Keams Canon.
S. G. Maua, supervisor of work at the Gov-
ernment dam, and Miss Ellen Jones, one of the
teachers at the Ganado school, were married
by Rev. ly. I. Thayer at the home of Mr. and
Mrs. E. D. Kinney, Monday evening, No-
vember 30. They are on a wedding tour to
Albuquerque and several places in Kansas.
Our best wishes attend them.
Rev. C. N. Piatt, M. R. Johnston and
Dr. J. D. Kennedy visited the Cornfield school
Monday, November 30, and gave talks to the
children, especially along the line of tubercu-
losis as that was the subject at this time.
Mr. and Mrs. H. J. Sandoval and daug-hter
Doris left W^ednesday, December 2. Mr. San-
doval has been employed at the dam for the
past eight months.
C. N. Carrington of Gallup, N. M., is the con-
tractor for the new school dormitory and has a
force of men preparing the advance work. It
is expected to be ready for the next year's term.
Claude Romero, who conducts the store at the
Black mountain, was a recent visitor at Ganado.
F. M. Parker made a recent visit to this re-
gion by auto.
Andalusea Romero returned from Cedar
Springs store where he was acting as a substi-
tute for the past three weeks and is again do-
ing his best to serve patrons, both JV'hite and
Indian.
Carson School, Stewart, Nevada
Xeratlu American.
The expense of returning deserters is con-
siderable and often takes the time of employees
whose services are badly needed at the school.
Employees and older pupils should take as
great an interest in these new pupils as their
time will permit and try to tide them over this
critical period in theirschool life. We believe
that the older boys and girls can be of inesti-
mable value to ns. Interest yourselves in the
homesick boy or girl. Remember how you felt
when you first came and see if you cannot by
your advice and friendship make one boy or
girl happy and contented. If you only succeed
in winning one of them you will have done a
great work. Will you try?
Pine Ridge, South Dakota
(Jdlala Light.
Our agency physician, Dr. Roland C. Cross,
was married at Rushville, Nebraska, Nov. 19,
by the Rev. A. J. Beebe to Miss Isabel Hunt-
er of Dahlgren, Illinois. The bride was ac-
companied west as far as Rushville by her
mother. Clerk J. J. Pratt and Miss Helene
Corder went to Rushville and were witnesses
of the marriage. The party returned to Pine
Ridge the same day and Dr. and Mrs* Cross
are now located in the agency physician's
quarters. The best wishes of the Og lata Light
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Phoenix Indian School
563
is extended to the young people for a long
and happy life.
While the good weather las*^s Supervisor
W. W. Coon, accompained by Day School In-
spector J. J. Duncan, is making the rounds of
the day schools on the reservation.
Colorado River School, Parker, Arizona
Thanksgiving day at the Colorado River In-
dian school is a day long looked forward to by
the children. The3' all ate together in the as-
sembly room of the school building which was
very prettily decorated with green vines and
pumpkin blossoms, the color scheme of yellow,
white and green being carried out as tar as
possible. The tables were arranged in a hollow
square, covered with shining damask, with
centerpieces of white and yellow on which
rested pumpkin baskets filled with fruit and
others filled with chrysanthemums. The
layer cakes were frosted in white and yellow.
The dinner of roast turkey with dressing,
giblet gravy, mashed potatoes, browned sweet
potatoes, cranberry jelly, hot rolls with butter,
cake, mince and pumpkin pie, apples, oranges,
nuts, candy and fancy raisins was pleasing to
the eye as well as the palate and the children
did full justice to it. The cooking was done
by the Indian girls on detail in each cottage
under the supervision of the domestic science
matrons in charge of them.
The school gave an ent^'rtainment Thanks-
giving eve which was a success and showed
the earnest work of the teachers among their
pupils.
We have an orchestra which, although it
has not been organized very long, is doing
good work under the leadership of Mr. Des
Georges and we are very proud of it.
Just at present we are enjoying fresh vege-
tables from the garden such as spinach,
squash, turnips, string beans, radishes, lettuce
and sweet potatoes, the latter being a vege-
table of which the children are very fond.
We are a wide-awake school, improving
every day, with the employees working to-
gether for the interest of the children, trying
to carry out the home life which is the plan
of this school.
Tuskahoma Academy
Bi/ Speciot Vorresfinmlent.
The following is the bill of fare served at
Tuskahoma academy for one week in No-
vember:
THURSDAY
Breakfast — Cream of wheat, fruit, syrup, hot
biscuits, butter.
Dinner— Roast pork, gravy, potatoes, navy
beans, stewed raisins.
Supper— Cold beef^ fried potatoes, baked
beans, stewed apricots.
FRIDAY
Breakfast -Cream of wheat, stewed apricots,
syrup, biscuits, butter.
Dinner— Roast beef, dressing, gravy, pota-
toes, lima beans, fruit.
Supper— Cold beef with dressing, gravy,
baked potatoes, hominy, apple sauce.
SATURDAY
Breakfast— Oatmeal, apple sauce, syrup, hot
biscuits, butter.
Dinner— Roast beef, gravy, tomatoes, corn,
onions, stewed peaches.
Supper — Salt pork, gravy, salmon loaf,
pickles, fruit.
SUNDAY
Breakfast— Corn Hakes, gravy, syrup, canned
peaches, hot rolls.
Dinner— Broiled steak, gravy, mashed pota-
toes, peas, sliced tomatoes, raisin pie.
Supper — Cold meat, gravy, peas, stewed
peaches, cookies.
MONDAY
Breakfast — Oatmeal, gravy, fruit, syrup, hot
biscuits.
Dinner — ^Macaroni soup, boiled salt pork,
navy beans, potatoes, onions, fruit.
Supper -Hash, hominy, baked beans, stewed
peaches.
TUESDAY
Breakfast -Oatmeal, fruit, syrup, hot bis-
cuits, butter.
Dinner— Pork, gravy, macaroni and cheese,
corn, peach pie.
Supper — Bacon, gravy, fried potatoes, rice,
macaroni, stewed apricots.
VVEDNKSDAY
Breakfast — Salt mackerel with sauce, syrup,'
canned plums, hot rolls, butter.
Dinner— Bacon, gravy, potatoes, tomatoes
and onions, apple sauce.
Supper — Chili, corn meal mush, hominy,
stewed peaches.
Syrup, native sorghum; drinks, coffee, tea
and water; butter, oleo.
Milk is used in cooking, also on table for
breakfast foods, fruit, etc.
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564
The Native American
Cheyenne and Arapaho School and Agency,
Darlington, Oklahoma.
By Special Correspondent.
The average attendance at the school has
increased over last year and all are busy.
Moving pictures twice each month are in-
structive and entertaining.
The brass band and orchestra under Mr.
I^ewis as teacher discourse sweet music.
Thanksgiving dinner was surely a feast for
the Indian boys and girls but we have not
heard as yet of a single case of appendicitis
resulting.
The Indian girls are becoming good musi-
cians and players on the piano under the
tuition of Miss Mary Gill Garret.
Superintendent Scott is hunting for water
and wells are being dug here and there to ob-
tain a bountiful supply.
lyand sales are lively and there is a ten-
dency toward increased prices.
Rev. H. Hapgood Fay and Rev. Mr. King
visit us on alternate Sundays for worship and
have a large attendance.
Examiner of Inheritances W. D. Goodman is
still with us and fully occupied with estate
matters. He is slated to be long (6 ft. 3 in.)
on the job.
At this writing Principal J. E. Shields is on
the sick list "and a member of the invalid corps.
Sunday was tuberculosis day and our physi-
cian lectured to the boys and girls.
Miss Dawson is with us from Seneca school
and adds to our galaxy of beauty. She is with
her sister, Mrs. Bonnin.
One of our official force is in the chicken
business and has the only all **rooster" farm
on the reservation.
Dewitt C. Hayes, our land clerk, was con-
gratulated by nearly two score of his friends
on his seventy-eighth birthday at his home,
on the invitation of his estimable wife, and all
had a good time, Mr. Hayes being one of the
*'youngest** in the bunch.
Superintendent Scott, wife and daughter
Winfield, have made many friends since com-
ing here from Crow, Montana, and are held in
high esteem by every one.
Busy times in the office these days, and the
clerks don't have time to smoke.
We all like the Native American and watch
for its coming weekly.
We do.n't like to see Superintendent Good-
man leave the service for he will be missed
by many friends.
Weather sunny and delightful.
Cheyenne and Arai>aho Employees
Agency
Winfield W. Scott.
S. S. Bonnin,
DeWitt C Hayes.
C. W. Rackman,
Mrs. A. E. Ruckman.
Robert Burns,
Dr. A. H. Spears,
Philip W. Putt,
J. E. Shields.
Mrs. Jerdnic.
Miss Anna Bowman,
Miss Dorothy Hudgins,
Robert R. Lewis.
Mrs. Dulcie Garrett,
Mrs. I. S. Dillon.
Mrs. Jennie Brown,
Miss Mary Wells,
Sam Song.
Frank Luke.
Sarah J. McAllister
John Crotzer
Mrs. Mary J. Freeman,
L. B. DriscoU.
Eugene M. Tardy,
Frank R. Robitaile.
John White.
A. V. Crotzer,
James M. Blackburn,
School
Saperinteodec t
Chief derk
Land and estate derk
FinandAl derk
Lease cterk
Stenogrmpber
AnDahy derk
Physidan
Property derk
Prindpal
Principal teadier
Teadier
Primary teadier
Industrial teacher
Matron
Asst. MatroB
Laoxulress
Seamstress
En^neer
Carpenter
Cook
NightwatdunaA
Field matnn
Fidd matron
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Flandreau, South Dakota
Weekly Jfericw.
Inspector James McLaughlin and Superin-
tendent Howard of White Earth are at Ana-
mia, Minnesota, this week making the annual
interest payment due the Mille I^ac Chippewa,
and conferring with the Indians relative to the
Ijurchase of land for homes for the Mille Uac
Indians who refuse to move to allotments on
the White Earth reservation. They are also
taking up the matter of the removal of the
bodies of Indians who were buried at various
places in Minnesota and Wisconsin to a com-
mon burial ground, appropriation for which
was made by the last session of Congress.
Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kansas
Indian Leader.
Clarence Field and wife, Katie Tilden Field.
of Pawnee, Oklahoma, and their little son vis-
ited here a day or two last week.
Sidney D. Frissel, son of Dr. H. B. Frissell.
principal of Hampton Institute, spent Sunday
afternoon here. He came quite unexpectedly,
but was very welcome. Mr. Frissell sat on the
stage with Superintendent Wise during the
afternoon service. He expressed himself as
greatly pleased with what he saw of Haskell.
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Phoenix Indian School
565
His business in the west is to arrange engage-
ments for the Hampton singers. They will
probably make a western tour next spring and
Haskell will have the pleasure of hearing them.
Neah Bay School, Neah Bay, Washington
Jfy Special Correspondent.
This is only a small reservation and is the
home of about 350 Makah Indians. They are
progressive and all except a few very old people
are self-supporting. There is a salmon can-
nery located here which gives employment to
many of the Indians.
There is only one school, a two-room day
school with an enrollment of forty-nine pupils.
Mr. and Mrs. Baker, who have been here for
two years, were transferred to Klamath agency
during vacation and Mr. and Mrs. Laverty of
Pine Ridge day school took their place.
Dr. Chas. L<. Woods is our superintendent and
has been for eight years. The Indians are
making a study of citizenship and twenty of
the most progressive have been recommended
by the superintendent for citizenship.
What Cigarettes Wiii Do to a Boy
Dr. Elmer S. Redman has been many years
high school principal at Hornell, New York,
and superintendent of the public schools in
that flourishing city. He is a man of the finest
fibre, a friend of all good works, an enemy of
evil in every form. The Advocate's editor has
known him long as an exponent of temper-
ance.
Dr. Redman recently gave an address before
one of the Sunday schools in Hornell, which
was reported at some length in the Elmira
Advertiser on **What cigarettes will do to a
boy;'* and what he said came out of unusually
wide experience and observation.
First, they make him egotistical and un-
reasonable. He becomes a bluffer and thinks
that he knows more than his father, his
mother, his teacher or anyone else who is an
authority.
Second, they make him cowardly and
secretive. He knows his own weakness and
cannot help his **hang dog*' look. He will
not look you in the eye and does things under
cover. He also has the mistaken idea that
more can be done by deceit and trickery than
by hard work.
Third, they make him unreliable and
changeable. It rouses his excitement easily.
He confuses dates and he does not appreciate
the value of his time in his work. Cigarettes
also make the schoolboy very forgetful.
Fourth, cigarettes destroy the moral sense
of the boy. It is hard for him to distinguish
between right and wrong. It is also very
easy for him to become a criminal.
From statistics that were recently taken by
the authorities we find that in the past five
years ninety-nine per cent of the boys ar-
rested in the city of New York have been
cigarette smokets.
Fifth, cigarettes destroy the mental ability
of the boy and weaken his will-power. They
destroy his power of application, so as to in-
terfere with his school work. He lives in the
present. He can see no future, as tobacco
practically destroys his ideals.
Sixth, they produce physical weakness de-
stroying his nervous forces and quite often
lead to a tobacco heart. This is shown by
the fact that one-third of those who have ap-
plied for admission to the United States Naval
academy at Annapolis have been refused ad-
mission. A great part of this has been due to
the use of tobacco.
If a boy smokes before the age of ten years
it can be safely stated that he will never
finish the high school course. The boy who,
as a rule, is addicted to the use of cigarettes,
s out of harmony with his school work, is
irregular in attendance and is often tardy.
L/ittle or no dependence can be placed upon
what he says.
These facts are shown by the series of
investigations that have been held in the
high schools of the country. Forty per cent
of the students of the high school who smoke
quit school every year, while only ten per cent
of the non-smokers quit. In several of the
high schools where the investigations have
been held the percentage of the non-smokers
to those who do smoke, in regard to the ques-
tion marks in their work, was forty to seventy,
and the work done by those who do not smoke
was thirteen per cent higher than those who
do.
In colleges it has been determined that
smokers on an average are fifteen months older
than the non-smokers. At Harvard University,
where investigations have been held, out of a
hundred students taking honors only five were
smokers. The non-smokers are also in a very
small minority. It is safe to say that out of
every six students in college that five are
smokers, and very often this is very low for the
percentage. In the last fifty years there has
not been a single graduate of Harvard Univer-
sity that has stood at the head of the class
that has been a smoker. — National Advocate,
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566
The Native American
Celebrates Birthday
Wednesday, November 25, was the seventy-
eighth birthday anniversary of DeWitt Hayes,
a Government employee at the Cheyenne and
Arapaho school, and at the invitation of his
estimable wife about forty of his friends at the
agency and a number from El Reno gathered
at the Hayes home Wednesday evening lo help
this happy "young old man'* properly celebrate
his natal day. The occasion was most pleasant-
ly spent by the happy assemblage, and none
were more blj'the and gay than the celebrant
himself. Music, games and a delicious lunch-
eon contributed to the pleasure of the evening,
and the many kind words of congratulation
that were heaped upon Mr. Hayes added
greatly to the happiness of the one whose
birthday they were celebrating. Though seven-
ty-eight years of age, yet the youth and activ-
ity of Mr. Hayes is wonderful, and the work
he does each day would put many a younger
man to shame. For thirteen years he has been
in the service of the Government right at the
threshold of the red man and no employee at
the agenc3" is more energetic and efficient than
he. He has a host of friends both at the agen-
cy and in E^l Reno who wish to him continued
health and prosperity for many years to come.
** A man is only as old as he feels" is an ancient
saying and, from the great activity displayed
by Mr. Hayes in assisting in the entertain-
ment of his guests, h<; is still a very youthful
man. When the celebration was at its height
Mr. Hayes was called on for a speech and he
responded right generously and it was filled
with happiness and good cheer and reflected
the great happiness of the speaker. The Demo-
crat echoes the wish of his many friends that
Mr. Hayes will live a long, useful and con-
tented life and that he will have the pleasure
of celebrating unnumbered birthdays yet to
come. — El Reno Daily Democrat.
Meaning of Names
The strait of Juan de Fuca was named after
an old Greek sailor who explored its shores in
1592.
Pecos river, Texas, was so named by the
Spaniards from its appearance, pecos meaning
"freckled."
Lake Memphremagog in Vermont was origi-
nally called Mem-plow-boque, a large body of
water.
Lycoming, the name of a Pennsylvania rives
js a corruption of Leganihanne, '*sandy
stream."
The Connecticut river took its name from
an Indian word, Quonaugticot, meaning "river
of trees."
The Catawba river in North Carolina was
named for the tribe of Indians that lived on its
banks.
The Minnesota river was named by the In-
dians from the words Mmni-Sotah, meaning
**green water."
The Menominee, in Wisconsin, was named
from a tribe of the same name. The word
means wild rice.
Massachusetts bay was named from two In-
dian words, Mais Thusaeg, meaning **this side
the hills."
The Catawissa river in Pennsylvania was
named from an Indian word that means **g"et-
ting fat."
The Cattaraugus in New York has its name
from an Indian expression signifying **bad
smelling banks."
The Platte river was originally named the
Nebraska, from an Indian word meaning
**shallow water."
Th» Housatonic in Connecticut was called by
the Indians Wussiadenex. the *'stream beyond
the mountains."
The Delaware bay gave its name to the
state. The bay was named from Thomas
West, Lord De La War.
The Chickahominy had its designation from
an Indian word, Chirk-a-maw-hony, the place
of turkeys.
Appalachie bay, Florida, was variously term-
ed Apahlahchie, Abolachie, Apeolatel, Palaxys,
Palatcy, and so on.
The Neversink was not named because its
waters do not get low, but from the Indian
Nawasink, **mad river."
The Pascagoula in Mississippi was named
from the Indians called the Pascagoulas, or
**the break-making nation." — Exchange.
Popular Science
A college professor who was always ready
for a joke was asked by a student one day if
he would like a good recipe for catching rab-
bits.
**Why, yes," replied the professor. **What
is it?" *'Well," said the student, "you crouch
down behind a thick wall and make a noise like
a turnip."
'*That maybe all right," said the professor,
with a twinkle in his eye, **but a better way
ioT you would be to go and sit quietly in a bed
of cabbage heads and look natural." — Red and
Black.
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DECEMBER
Rear gvisM of months; last of the mob which
speeds
In weird array before us every year,
December comes, congrested with g^ood cheer,
Good grub, good resolutions and good deeds.
A vestibule to Christmas joys, it leads
The panting world through labyrinths of shops
Curtails its cash and aggravates its needs
And raises bills in terrifying crops.
Yet suddenly the wild confusion stops
And blithe good will reigns, monarch for a day,
E're the sad world back into trouble flops
And onward takes its variegated way.
Bright month, in snow and holly branches
derst,
We pay the most for thee and love thee best.
Selected
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(T
^
Truxton Canon School, Arizona
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ii^BSf^L
''NOT FOR SCHOOL, BUT FOR LIFW
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
Xfoiume IS
^Decembtr t9, i9l4
9^(umbef 43
Advance Statement of Annual Report For 1914 of
Cato Sells, Commissioner of Indian Affairs
The advance copies of the report of the
Bureau of Indian Affairs covering the
period fron) July 1 1913, to June 30. 1914.
have been distributed to the press. This
covers practically the first year's incum-
bency of Commissioner Cato Sells. It out-
lines what he has accomplished in this one
year and indicates something of what he
hopes to achieve during his administration
of the office. There appears through it the
controlling ambition of Commissioner Sells
to promote the industrial activities of the
Indian population, and if there should be
selected a predominant feature of his ad-
ministration, it might be the promotion of
industry in its various forms, without ne-
glect, however, to the other important re-
quirements of education, health and moral
uplifting.
He says that he found the Indian Service
disorganized and discouraged, and that he
has endeavored to place it on a sound eco-
nomic and efficient business basis, working
in harmony and with enthusiasm, with the
view of promoting the best interests of the
Indians. With a thought of obtaining a
clear comprehension of the viewpoint of the
Indians, he has endeavored, he says, by per-
sonal interviews and examination of cor-
respondence with Indians, to ascertain clear-
ly their ideas with regard to the efforts be-
ing made in their behalf, and to this end he
has made it a practice, in the case of every
delegation and every individual Indian visit-
ing Washington, to understand their wants
and needs from their point of view and has
given them his personal attention wherever
possible.
Concerning Indian education, he says that
the year has been especially marked by the
large increase in the number of Indian pu-
pils enrolled in the public schools through-
out the country, which has been encouraged
because it affords training of the greatest
value and furnishes an opportunity to begin
the co-operation of the Government with the
state in the education of the Indian. Es-
pecial stress is laid on the necessity for the
vocational training of Indian pupils.
With the purpose of increasing the ef-
ficiency of teachers in the Indian Service,
there were held during the year six institutes
or summer schools in different sections of
the country— Oklahoma. South Dakota, Cali-
fornia, Wisconsin, Oregon and New Mexico.
At these institutes courses of instructions
were outlined, emphasizing industrial sub-
jects.
With regard to health conditions, the Com-
missioner calls attention to the fact that at
the close of the fiscal year 1913 there were
fifty hospitals with a combined capacity of
1,400 patients, and six new hospitals under
construction, to care for a population of
three hundred thousand with a high per-
centage of tuberculosis and trachoma Out
of 181,000 Indians on reservations, there
were examined last year 61.201, and it was
learned that tuberculosis was present in 8,000
cases and trachoma in 12,000. It is esti-
mated that there are 25,000 suffering with
tuberculosis and 35,000 aflBicted with tra-
choma. From the $300,000 appropriated by
the last Congress, there was made available
$100,000 for hospital purposes besides direct
appropriations for a sanitarium in the Choc-
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570
The Native American
taw Nation, Oklahoma, and one at Red Lake
or Leech Lake and on the Fond du Lac
reservation, Minnesota, also on the Rosebud,
Pine Ridge, and Cheyenne reservations in
South Dakota. Plans have been prepared
for the building of seven small hospitals at
a cost of from $12,000 to $15,000 each on the
reservations where the need of medical at-
tention has been most keenly felt. The
work for the eradication of trachoma has
been vigorously pushed during the year.
The field has been divided into five districts
and an expert assigned to each.
Since his assumption of office, the Com-
missioner says that he has been impressed
with the idea that many of the natural re-
sources of Indian reservations which have
been exploited to the profit of the white
man might better be developed for the
financial benefit of the Indians. He finds
this particularly true of the grazing lands,
believing that there is no more lucrative in-
dustrial opportunity open to the Indians
having grazing lands than to discontinue
the grazing-leasing and grazing-permit sys-
tem, and in its place have them engage in
the stock-raising business themselves. With
this end in view, he instituted a plan for
creating tribal herds on those reservations
having large areas of grazing lands, and also
during the year expended nearly a million
dollars in the purchase of well-bred male
animals for the improvement of live stock
belonging to the Indians.
At its last session, and through the efibrt
of Commissioner Sells, the Congress appro-
priated $725,000 for encouraging industry
and self-support among the Indians, being
the largest appropriation ever obtained for
this purpose. A comprehensive plan has
been formulated by the Commissioner for
the use of this money in such a way as to
obtain for the Indians the maximum bene-
fits.
On reservations where the lands are more
suitable for agricultural use, the Commis-
isoner has made special effort to increase
the interest in farming and for this purpose
employed during the past year 450 farmers
to instruct the Indians. The attention of
these farmers has been called to the de-
termined purpose of the Commissioner to
offer every Indian an opportunity to better
his industrial condition. They have been
directed to give their time to actual farm-
hig instruction.
During the year Indian fairs were held on
twenty-two reservations and Indian exhibits
displayed at eight state and county fairs.
Mention is made of the extensive dis-
coveries of oil in Oklahoma, and especially
of the measures adopted to reduce to a
minimum the waste incident to the drilling
for and producing of oil. The enormous
production in the Cushing and Healdton
fields necessitated the hasty construction of
open earthen tanks for storage purposes,
and much waste resulted through evapora-
tion and seepage. Another source of waste to
which attention is directed is of natural gas
found in connection with drilling operations,
which has been permitted to "blow off,'* or
escape into the air. Stringent regulations,
providing a penalty, have been promulgated
to prevent this waste, and in the instance
of several lessees large fines were imposed
for failure to comply with these regulations.
The Commissioner finds that one of his
tasks will be the conserving of Indian water
rights from reservation irrigation projects,
where they conflict with the state and in-
dividual appropriation by whites. Some
progress has been made toward perfecting
these rights in the Indian owners of lands,
and particular mention is made of the long
standing contention for water rights on the
Yakima Indian reservation in the state of
Washington, which has been settled in part
through legislation in the last Congress,
whereby the Indians are to receive water
from the storage reservoir constructed by
the Reclamation Service, free of charge,
sufficient for forty acres of each eighty-acre
allotment. Aggressive measures are being
taken to secure to the Indians of other res-
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Phoenix Indian School
571
ervations an equitable adjustment of their
water riglits.
One of the biggest resources of the Indians
lies in his forests. The Commissioner prom-
ises to wisely administer this vast resource,
the keynote of which will be the industrial
development of the Indian through the
judicious sale and manufacture of timber.
There are approximately eighty saw mills
on Indian lands, the ownership of which is
divided equally between the Government
and private individuals. The most impor-
tant of such enterprises owned by the Gov-
ernment is the Menominee Indian mill at
Neopit, Wisconsin, where during the year
there were manufactured 37,000,000 feet
of lumber. Manufactured lumber to the
amount of more than half a million dollars
is on hand in the yards at this mill. During
the succeeding fiscal year, the Commissioner
proposes to give special attention to the
completion of an accurate inventory of the
Indian timber on reservations, in order that
its disposal and handling may be intelli-
gently observed.
At the conference of field supervisors.
Commissioner Sells gave expression to his
views regarding the liquor conditions on In-
dian reservations, an extract of which ap-
pears in his report. He says that he be-
lieves the greatest present menace to the
American Indian is whisky; that it does
more to destroy his constitution and invite
the ravages of disease than anything else;
it does more to demoralize him as a man,
and frequently as a women; it does more to
make him an easy prey to the unscrupulous
than everything else combined. The oper-
ations of the Indian Service to protect the
Indians from intoxicants extend from Flor-
ida to New York in the east, and from
Washington to California in the west, and
from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans.
The report shows a marked decrease in
the work of allotting lands to Indians; and
it is said that practically all Indians on res-
ervations containing lands susceptible of
agricultural development without irrigation
(Continued on
have been allotted; that some large un-
allotted reservations exist, particularly in
the southwest, but without water for irri-
gation purposes the advisability of allotting
these lands in severalty is not apparent, the
reservations as they now stand being best
adapted for stock raising.
Concerning the Five Civilized Tribes in
Oklahoma, an important feature is the an-
nouncement of the abolishment at the close
of the fiscal year ended June 30, 1914, of the
tribal form of government of the Cherokee
Nation.
The sale of the Choctaw and Chickasaw
timber lands and the surface of the segregated
coal and asphalt lands, the equalization of the
Creek allotments, the individualizing of about
$1,800,000 of Seminole tribal funds which the
Commissioner expects to accomplish in the
main within the coming fiscal year, will
finally dispose of the property of a tribal
nature held by these tribes, with the ex-
ception of the mineral deposits and common
funds held in trust by the United States for
the Choctaw and Chickasaw, estimated in
value between $20,000,000 and $30,000,000.
There are in the Five Tribes approximately
37,000 Indians of the restricted class and,
while the work of the Indian Department
among the Five Tribes is approaching com-
pletion in tribal matters, there necessarily
remains a tremendous work to be done for
the individual Indians.
Goods and supplies to the amount, approxi-
mately, of $3,500,000 were purchased for the
service during the fiscal year just closed,
and delivered at a cost for transportation of
about $264,021.66, exclusive of wagon trans-
portation from the terminals of railroads
and boat landings, which service amounted
to $168,139.70. The cost of inspection was
$6,862.47.
Short cuts to quick results have been
adopted, both in the office and field, and be-
lieving that concentrated effort will materi-
ally improve the system, the Commissioner
created in the Indian Office a new division,
designated "purchase," which will handle
page 574.)
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57:
The Native American
The Native American
Botercd at Phoeaix. Arisoaa, as Second Class Mail Matter
C. W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu-
cation and Printed by Indian Student- Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
The teachers are busy drilling pupils for
the Christmas cantata.
Major Grinstead has made two trips to
Gila Crossing in the past week.
Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Monroe were guests
of Miss Emma Monroe at the club Sunday.
Amy Beardsley and Anna Lefthand, two
outing girls, are in the school hospital for
treatment.
We note the transfer of Dr. W. E. Taylor
from Weatherford, Oklahoma, to Chemawa,
Oregon.
Mrs. N. E. Rice (nee Ada M. Butts) of
Tekoa, Washington, was killed in an auto-
mobile accident October 24.
The business section near the Indian school
is growing, the latest addition being a res-
taurant in the new Thomas building.
A.C. Taylor, former printer at the Phoenix
School was out from the city Tuesday and
made a brief call on the Native American
force.
Mr. and Mrs. Walter Rhodes of Phoenix
are the parents of a fine boy which arrived
Sunday morning. Thus is added another
'grandchild" to Phoenix Indian School.
TheTuskegee Singers gave a very en-
joyable program Sunday evening at the
students' dininghall. The quintet of singers
gave the songs of the colored race and the
reader interpreted Paul Laurence Dunbar's
poetry very well indeed. The silver offering
taken at the close of the program amounted
to thirty dollars.
The thermometer went down several de-
grees below freezing point this week, but it is
understood that no damage has been done
to fruit io the Salt River Valley.
Dr. and Mrs. J. A. Murphy and son ar-
rived in Phoenix Thursday from Sacaton.
Mrs. Murphy and Arthur will remain at the
Phoenix school while the doctor makes an
official trip to the Navaho country.
In our issue of December 5 there appeared
the following item: '*Mrs. Oliver Huffman has
been transferred from Crow Creek, South
Dakota, to Genoa as teacher." The name
should be "Miss Olive Huffman."
Mr. and Mrs. Ward, Mrs. Thackery, Mrs.
Morago and Miss Hill were at the club Sat-
urday night, having made a hurried shop-
ping tour to Phoenix. They returned home
Sunday morning.
Mrs- Grinstead has a nice class of music
pupils and all are getting along very well.
Several of the more advanced girls have
rented a piano in order to have better oppor-
tunity to practice.
The Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. gave a social
Friday evening of last week inviting the boys
and girls who have entered school this year.
Several pleasant hours were spent at the
girls' sittingrooni and refreshments were pro-
vided by the committee in charge.
Mrs. McLaughlin fell from the steps of the
club veranda at noon last Friday and sus-
tained a broken arm and several bad bruises.
The arm was set by Dr. Marden and Dr. Breid
and she is getting along as well as could be
expected. Her place in the schoolroom was
filled for several days by Miss Phoebe Elm
but at present by Mrs. Nell White Standage.
Dr. Leonard D. Frescoln arrived in Phoenix
Wednesday and was met here by Superin-
tendent Coe of Salt River agency where the
doctor will be stationed He is transferred
from Browning Montana, and is greatly
pleased at the change in climate which he
finds in Arizona, after a temperature of 20
degrees below zero in his northern home.
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Phoenix Indian School
L73
Civil Service Examination
The United States Civil Service Commis-
sion announces an open competitive examina-
tion for enjfineer, sawyer, and blacksmith,
for men only, on January 26, 1915, at the usual
places of examination. From the register of
eligibles resulting- from this examination
certification will be made to fill a vacancy in
this position at $900 a year in the Indian Serv-
ice, at Zuni agency, New Mexico, and
vacanies as they may occur in positions re-
quiring similar qualifications, unless it is found
to be in the interest of the service to fill any
vacancy by reinstatement, transfer, or pro-
motion.
The appointee to this position will be re-
quired to operate a steam sawmill in manufac-
ture of ordinary lumber, to scale and mark
timber for cutting, and to do blacksmilhing
and to do horseshoeing.
Applicants must show all experience they
have had in the running of stationary and
traction engines, in operating a sawmill as a
sawyer, and in blacksmithing and horseshoe-
ing.
Statements as to training and experience are
accepted subject to verification.
Applicants for the Indian Service must
execute their applications in their own hand-
writing and be able to speak the English
language, and must be in good health.
As there are no quarters at Zuni agency for
the families of the employees, only unmarried
men without dependents will be considered
for the specific position for which the examina-
tion is held.
Applicants must have reached their twenti-
eth but not their fiftieth birthday on the date
of the examination.
Each applicant will be required to submit to
the examiner on the day of the examination
an unmounted photograph of himself taken
within two years. An applicant who fails to
present such photograph will not be admitted
to the examination. Tintypes will not be ac-
cepted.
Persons who meet the requirements and de-
sire this examination should at once apply for
Form 304, stating the title of the examination
for which the form i& desired, to the United
States^Civil Service Commission, Washington,
D. C, or the secretary of the United States
Civil Service Board at the usual places of ex-
amination. The exact title of the examination
as given at the head of this announcement
should be stated in the application form.
Civil Service Examination
The United States Civil Service Commission
announces an open competitive examination
for gardener, for men only, on January 20,
1915, at the usual places of examination.
From the register of eligibles resulting from
this examination certification will be made
to fill a vacancy in this position at $720 a year
at the Phoenix Indian School, Arizona, and
vacancies as they may occur in positions re-
quiring similarqualifications, unless it is found
to be in the interest of the service to fill any
vacancy by reinstatement, transfer, or pro-
motion.
Unmarried eligibles are desired for the posi-
tion at the Phoenix Indian School.
Competitors will be examined in practical
questions in gardening, and training and ex-
perience will be taken equally into considera-
tion.
The appointee to this position will be re-
quired to do vegetable and landscape garden-
ing under irrigation. Applicants who have
not had experience for at least one year in
both vegetable and landscape gardening under
irrigation will not be eligible for appointment.
A person whose experience is as a farmer is
not qualified for this position.
Applicants must have reached their twenty-
first but not their fiftieth birthday on the date
of the examination.
Applicants for positions in the Indian Serv-
ice must be in good health. Each applicant
must attach to his application a statement con-
cerning the number in his family and the
number that will require accommodations in
case he receives appointment.
For further information apply to the United
States Civil Service Commission, Washington,
D. C.
Carson Scliooi, Stewart, Nevada
Nevada American.
The Washoe jack rabbit hunt is on this week.
Morethan200 Washoe Indians under the leader-
ship of Capt. Jack Wallace are encamped on
the vacant land west of the school grounds
andarethoroughly equipped with guns, ammu-
nition, impedimenta of war. Each morning a
battle line is formed and a certain area of
the sage brush plains is devastated of rabbits.
They do say that while there is a goodly crop
of bunnies this year, each succeeding gener-
ation is becoming wiser and more obsessed
with the idea that one jackrabbit in the
sage brush is worth two in a rabbitskin blanket.
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574
The Native American
COMMISSIONERS REPORT
(Continued from page 571.)
exclusively the purchase and transportation
of supplies.
One of the biggest things accomplished by
Commissioner Sells is what might be termed
a reorganization of procedure relative to the
probating of the estates of minor Indians in
Oklahoma. He says in his report that the
minor children of the Five Civilized Tribes are
perhaps the richest average children in the
United States, which condition results from
the fact that in allotting the Oklahoma In-
dians the children were given the same num-
ber of acres of land as their parents and share
equally in tribal funds. Consequently, when
Congress in the Act of May 27, 1908, conferred
upon the county courts probate jurisdiction,
there was involved a greater amount of pro-
bate work than existed anywhere else in the
United States; that many guardians were
appointed without regard to their fitness,
and insolvent bondsmen accepted, and that
it was not uncommon for the lands of minor
Indian children to be sold on appraisements
influenced by prospective purchasers, and
for inadequate prices. Excessive compen-
sation was many times allowed guardians
and unreasonably large fees paid to their
attorneys. Under these conditions, the prop-
erty of Indian children was frequently so
ravished that when final reports were called
for they were not forthcoming, and estates
were often found to have been wholly dis-
sipated and their bondsmen financially irre-
sponsible. Altogether it developed a condi-
tion demanding speedy and radical reforms.
He arranged for conferences to be held with
the county judges, prosecuting attorneys, dis-
trict judges, and others interested in better-
ments for the territory covered by the Five
Ci vi lized Tribes. These conferences were at-
tended by practically all of the county judges,
at which time all matters and things were
exhaustively discussed and rules of probate
procedure were adopted by the county judges,
were approved by the president of the state
County Judges' association, and soon there-
after were oflScially adopted and promulgated
by the judges of the Supreme Court of the
state of Oklahoma, and have since been in
full force and effect.
To insure the prosecution of the probate
work in a systematic and effective manner^
the Commissioner organized a force consist-
ing of the best obtainable attorneys, each of
whom was chosen on his merits after care-
ful and exhaustive investigation, to assist and
cooperate with the county judges. This force
was made up in part of attorneys employed
at the expense of the several tribes and partly
at the expense of the United States under
authority of Section 18 of the Act of Congress
of June 30, 1913.
Widespread and gratifying results have al-
ready been accomplished. Wrongdoers have
been prosecuted; estates have been recovered;
dishonest and incompetent guardians have
been removed; worthless bonds have been re-
placed with responsible bondsmen, and hun-
dreds of thousands of dollars have been saved
to Indian minors and saftly invested fur their
benefit. These direct results are also in-
creased to an extent which can only be ap-
proximated by the moral influence which has
resulted, operating powerfully to prevent a
repetition of wrongdoing and to insure better
conditions in the future.
The Commissioner believes that the next
legislature will enact laws in harmony with
these probate rules, and that permanent pro-
tection of the property of Indian minors will
be assured.
Fighting Tradioma
Dr. Keck has established an office at Ban-
ning which he will make his headquarters
while combatting trachoma on the Malki
reservation. He treated twenty-four cases
in one day last week while at the St. Boni-
face industrial school. Indians from all
around the surrounding country are coming
in daily to have their eyes treated. Dr. Keck
is expecting to make a trip to Martinez next
week where he will inaugurate a campaign
against the ravages of this dreaded eye
disease. — Sherman Bulletin,
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Phoenix Indian School
575
ROSTER OF OFFICERS
OF THE
United States Indian Service
(Corrected to November 15. 1914.)
CATO SEIvLrS,
E. B. Mrritt,
C. F. Hauke,
C. R. Wanner, Law Clerk
BOARD OF REVIEW.
J. F. AI.I.EN
CHIEFS OF DIVISIONS.
Commissioner
Assistant Commissioner
Second Assistant Commissioner
J. H. DORTCH
Education— Zois.^ Francis, Jr. Land—^vi, R. L/ayne Finance— HkMWtoM^ Dimick
Purchase—^. B. Fry
Field Inspection:
Edward B. L/INNEN, Chief Inspector.
Henry A. Larson, Chief Special Officer,
Iviquor Suppression.
Joseph W. Howei.1., Special Supervisor.
Schools:
H. B. Peairs, Supervisor of Schools.
WiLUAM W. Coon, Assistant Su-
pervisor.
Industries:
Ch arises L. 'Davis, Supervisor of Farming.
Chari^es E. Dagenett, Supervisor of
Employment.
Health:
Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, Medical Super-
visor.
Dr. Ferdinand Shoemaker,
Mrs. E1.SIE E. Newton.
Irrigation:
Wendei<i< M. Reed, Chief Inspector of Ir-
rigation.
Francis R. Schanck,
Herbert F. Robinson,
CHARI.es R. OI.BERG,
LrESTER M. Hoi^Xf
W11.BUR S. Hanna,
Henry W. DiEiz,
McGii.1. Conner,
Wai,i,ace H. Franki^and.
Forestry:
Forester.
J. P. Kinney,
C. E. DUNSTON,
Chari.es S. Webster,
Francis X. Salzman,
Mark Iv. Burns,
W. H. VON Bayer.
Construction:
M11.1.ARD F. IvYNCH, Supervisor of Con-
struction.
R. M. PRINGI.E.
General Inspection {Supervisors):
W1I.I.IAM R. ROSENKRANS,
Oscar H. LtIpps,
H. G. W11.SON,
Chari.es E. McChesney,
J. B. Brown,
Iv. F. MiCHAEI.,
A1.BERT H. KNEAI.E,
Otis B. Goodai.1..
Special Investigation {Special Agents):
C. I^. EI.I.IS,
WAI.TER W. McCONIHE,
John H. Hinton,
CAI.VIN H. ASBURY,
Thomas K. Adreon,
Harry T. Brown,
OR1.AND0 M. Mcpherson,
Lr. A. Dorrington.
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576
The Native American
Ofhcers in Charge of Reservations, Schools and Indians.
(The officer in charge is a superintendent unless otherwise indicated by footnote.)
SCHOOL
N. Mex..
Mich
Cal
N. Dak-
Mont
Cal
Ariz
S. Dali. ...
Okia
Pa
Nev
Wis
Minn
N. C
OkIa
S. Dak...
Okia
Idaho
Ariz
Wash ..
Mont
Crow Creek S. Dak...
Albuquerque
BayMUls
Bishop
Bismarck
Blackfeet
Campo
Camp Verde
Canton Insane Asylum..
Cantonment
Carlisle
Carson
Carter
Cass Lake
Cherokee
Cheyenne and Arapaho .
Cheyenne River
Chilocco
Coeur d'AIene
Colorado River
Colville
Crow. .
STATE
SUPERINTENDENT. POST-OFFICE ADDRESS. TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS.
Reuben'Perry
ChesterX. Pidgeon
RossL. Spalsbury
JohnS. Spear
Arthur E. McFatridgc...
Dr. Carl B. Boyd 1
Dr. Joe J. Taylorl
Dr. Harry R. Hummer.
Wm. H. Wisdom
Oscar H. Lipps 3
Jesse B. Mortsolf
W. W. Bennett
Chas. H. Allender
James E. Henderson
W. W.Scott
Frtd C. Campbell
Edgar A. Allen
Morton D. Colgrove
Omar L. Babcock
John M. Johnson
Evan W. Estep
Wm. C. Kohlenberg
Cushman
Digger
Fallon
Five Civilized Tribes
Flandreau
Flathead
Fond du Lac
Fort Apache
Fort Belknap
Fort Berthold
Fort Bidwell
Fort Hall
Fort Lapwai School
Fort Lapwai Sanatorium-
Fort McDermitt
Fort Mohave
Fort Peck
Fort Totten
Fort Yuma
Genoa..
Grand Portage
Wash ....
Cal
Nev
OkIa
S. Dak...
Mont
Minn
Ariz
Mont
N. Dak...
Cal
Idaho....
Idaho
Idaho... .
Nev
Ariz
iMont
N. Dak..
ICal
iNebr
iMinn
.JTh
los. B. Wilson
George 0. Grlsi2
W. A. VanVoorhis
DanaH. Kelsey 4
Chas. F. Peirce
FredC. Morgan
George W. Cross
William M. Peterson..
Jewell D. Martin
Ernest W. Jermark....
WillardA. Fuller
H.H.Miller
Theodore Sharp
Dr. John N. Alleyl
Francis A. Swayne....
August F. Duclos
C. B. Lohmiller
Chas. M. Ziebach
Loson L. Odle
Sam B. Davis
AmosR. Frank
GreenvUle Cal
Haskell Institute Kans ....
Havasupai ,Ariz
Hayward Wis
Hoopa Valley „ Cal
Jicarilla N. Mex..
Kaibab lAriz
Keshena !Wis
Kickapoo Kans....
Kiowa Okla...
Klamath Oreg
Lacdu Flambeau Wis
LaPointe Wis
Leech Lake jMinn....
Leupp Ariz
Lower Brule S. Dak..
Albuquerque N. Mex
Brimley. Mich
Bishop. Cal
Bismarck, N. Dak ,
Browning, Mont
Campo, Cal...
Camp Verde, Ariz
Canton. S. Dak
Cantonment, Okla
Carlisle, Pa
Stewart. Nev
Carter, Wis
Cass Lake. Minn
Cherokee, N. C
Oariington, Okla
Cheyenne Agency, S. Dak.
Chilocco, Okla
Sorrento, Idaho
Parker, Ariz
Nespelcm, Wash
Crow Agency. Mont
Crow Creek. S. Dak
Tacoma, Wash
Jackson. Cal
Fallon, Nev
Muskogee, Okla
Flandreau, S. Dak
Dixon. Mont
Cloquet, Minn
Whiteriver. Ariz
Harlem, Mont
Elbowoods, N. Dak
Fort Bidwell. Cal
Fort Hall. Idaho
Lapwai, Idaho
Lapwai. Idaho
McDermitt. Nrv
Mohave City, Ariz
Poplar, Mont
Fort Totten, N. Dak
Yuma. Ariz
Genoa, Nebr
Grand Portage, Minn..
Chas. E. McChesney3 Greenville. Cal....
John R. Wise Lawrence, Kans..
D. Clinton West Supai, Ariz..
William A. Light..
Edward J. Holden...
W. \7. McConihe4...
Joseph E. Maxwell..
Hayward, Wis...
Hoopa. Cal
Dulce. N. Mex....
Moccasin, Ariz, .
Mackinac iMich
Malki Cal
Mescalero N. Mex
Moapa River Nev
Moqui Ariz
Mount Pleasant Mich
Navajo 'N. Mex and
! Ari7
Navajo Springs iCoIo
NeahBay 'Wash
NettLake iMinn
Nevada 'Nev
New York , N. Y
Omaha Nebr,
Oneida Wis
Osage
Otoe
Pala
Pawne«
Phoenix
Pierre
Pima
Pine Ridge
Pipestone
Ponca
Baraga, Mich
Banning, Cal
Mescalero, N. Mex
Las Vegas. Nev
Keams Canon, Ariz
Mount Pleasant, Mich..
Fort Defiance, Ariz
Claude C. Covey Navaho Springs, Colo...
Dr. Chas. L. Woodsl 'Neah Bay, Wash
Angus S. Nicholson....
Edwin Minor
Ernest Stecker
Wm. B. Freer
Dr. L. W.White
Philip S. Everest Ashland. Wis.
Carl r. Mayer Onigum, Minn.
Thos. K. Adreon4 Leupp, Ariz....
Orville J. Green Lower Brule....
Keshena, Wis
Horton. Kans.. R. F. D. No. 2
Anadarko. Okla
Klamath Agency. Oreg
Lac du Flambeau, Wis
Dr. R. S. Bockland4
Charles T. Coggeshall
Clarence R. Jeflferis
Dr. Edward G. Murtaughl..
Leo Crane
R. A. Cochran
Peter Paquette
Robt. E. L. Daniel
Joseph D. Oliver
Geo. H. Ansley 4
Axel Johnson
Joseph C. Hart
James A. Carroll ....
Geo. A. Hoyo
Thcis. F. McCormick.
Ralph P. Stanion
Chas. W. Goodman...
Clinton J. Crandall..
Frank A. Thackery..
Jno. R. Brennan
Frank T. Mann
Chas. E. Norton
NettLake. Minn..
Nixon, Nev
Salamanca, N. Y....
Macy, Nebr
Oneida, Wis
Pawhuska. Okla
Otoe, Okla
Pala, Cal
Pawnee, Okla
Phoenix, Ariz
Pierre. S. Dak
Sacaton, Ariz
Pine Ridge, S. Dak..
Pipestone, Minn
Whiteagle. Okla
Albuquerque, N.'Mex.
Brimley, Mich..
Bishop, Cal.
Bismarck, N. Dak.
Browning, Mont.
Campo, via San Diego. OaL
Cherry Creek. Ariz.
Canton, S. Dak.
Cantonment, Okla.
Cariisle. Pa,
Carson City. Nev.
Wabeno. Wis.
Cass Lake. Minn.
Whittier. N. C.
El Reno, Okla.
Gettysburg. S. Dak.
Arkansas City, Kans.
Tekoa, Wash.
1 Parker, Ariz.
I Wilbur. Wash.
ICrow Agency, Mont.
Crow Creek, via Chamberlain.
S. Dak.
Tacoma, Wash.
Jackson, Cal.
Fallon, Nev.
Muskogee. Okla.
Flandreau, S. Dak.
Dixon, Mont.
Cloquet. Minn.
Fort Apache, Ariz.
Harlem, Mont.
Garrison, N. Dak.
Fort Bidwell. Cal.
Fort Hall. Idaho
Lewiston. Idaho.
Lewiston, Idaho.
Winnemucca. Nev.
Kingman, Ariz.
Poplar, Mont.
Devils Lake. N. Dak.
Yuma. Ariz.
Genoa. Nebr.
Duluth. Minn. Mail to Grmad
Portage
Greenville, Cat
(Lawrence, Kans.
Grand Canyon, Ariz.
Hayward. Wis.
Eureka. Cal.
Lumberton, N. Mex.
Moccasin, Ariz., via Marytvaie.
Utah
Shawano, Wis.
Horton, Kans.
Anadarko, Okla.
Chiloquin. Oreg.
Lac du Flambeau. Wto.
Ashland, Wis.
Walker. Minn.
Canyon Diablo. Ariz.
Lower Brule, via Reliance. S.
Dak.
Baraga. Mich.
Banning, Cal.
Tularosa. N. Mex.
Las Vegas, Nev.
Gallup. N. Mex.
Mount Pleasant. Mich.
Fort Defiance. Ariz., via Gallnp.
N. Mex.
Cortez, Colo.
Neah Bay, Wash.
Orr, Minn.
Wadsworth. Nev.
Salamanca. N. Y.
Walthill. Nebr.
Green Bay. Wis.
Pawhuska. Okla.
Red Rock. Okla.
Pala. via San Diego. Cal.
Pawnee, Okla.
Phoenix, Ariz.
Pierre S. Dak.
Casa Grande, Ariz.
Pine Ridge. S. Dak.
Pipestone. Minn.
Ponca. Okla.
1 Superintendent and Physician. 2 Farmer. S Supervisor in charge. 4 Special Agent in charge.
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Phoenix Indian School
977
OmcERs IN Charge of Reservations, Schools and Indians.
(The officer It a superintendent unless otherwise indicated by footnote.)
1 Superintendent and Physician. 2 Supervisor in Charge. 3 Farmer.
Miscellaneous Ofhcers.
4 Special Agent in Charge.
OFFICE
Special DisbursinglAgents:
Cashier and Special Disbursing Agent
for the Five Civilized Tribes
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent, Of-
fice of Superintendent of Irrigation.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent, Of-
fice of Fort Hall Irrigation Project.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent. Of-
fice of Superintendent of Irrigation.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent, Kio-
wa Agency. Oklahoma.
Clerk and Special Disbursing Agent for
Irrigation Work. Klamath Reservation,
Oregon.
Engineer and Special Disbursing Agent,
Uintah Irrigation Survey. Utah.
Assistant Engineer and Special Disburs-
ing Agent. Shoshone Irrigation Project.
NAME
Wm. M. Baker
Hugh P. Coultis
M. M. Thome
W. Ancel Walker....
Walter P. Squires...
H. F. Hammersley .
Joseph M. Bryant ...
Walter B.Hill
Wyoming.
Allotting Agentfr..
Attorney for Pueblo Indians 'Jacob H. Crist
Charles H. Bates
John Baum
Post-Office Address
Muskogee, Okla
526 Federal Bldg..
Angeles. Cal...
Fort Hall, Idaho...
Los
TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS
Muskogee. Okla.
526 Federal Bldg.. Los Angeles.
Cal.
Fort Hall, Idaho.
North Yakima. Wash.
North Yakima. Wash...
Anadarko. Okla lAnadarko. Okla.
Chiloquin. Oregon Chiloquin, Oregon.
Fort Duchesne. Utah.
Wind River, Wyo
Santa Fe, New Mex..
Fort Duchesne, Utah.
Wind River, Wyo., via Lander.
Wyo.
Santa Fe, N. Mex.
1 Superintendent and Physician. 2 Farmer. 3 Supervisor in charge. 4 Special Agent in charge.
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578
The Native American
Miscellaneous Ofeicers.
OFnCE.
Superintendents, Indian Warehouses
NAME.
Post-Office Address
Frank Sorenson ll6th& Canal Sts. Chi
cago. 111.
Burton B. Custer....
William B. CoUier..
Richard C. Jordon..
John C. Hennessy..
Lorenzo D. Creel
Spedai A^ent in charge of the Scattered Bands
of Indians in Utah. |
Special Commissioner to negotiate with the Lucien A. Spencer.
Seminole Indians of Florida. |
Superintendents of Schools. Five Civilized '
Tribes: .
Armstrong Male Orphan Academy, Choc- Peru Farver,
taw Nation.
Bloomfield Seminary, Chickasaw Nation
Cherokee Orphan Training School. Chero-
kee Nation.
Collins Institute. Chickasaw Nation.
Euchee Boarding School, Creek Nation.
Eufaula Boarding School, Creek Nation.
Jones Male Academy. Choctaw Nation.
Mekusukey Male Academy, Seminole Na
tion
Nuyaka Boarding School, Creek Nation.
Toskahoma Female Academy. Choctaw
Nation.
Wheelock Female Orphan Academy,
Choctaw Nation.
Mrs. Annie G. Adding-
ton
Merrill M. Griffith
3rd & Spruce Sts.. St.
Louis, Mo.
606 Howard St.. San
Frandsco, Cal.
nth St., & Capital Ave
Omaha, Nebr.
119-121 Wooster St. New
York. N. Y.
418 Federal Bldg., Salt
Lake City. Uuh.
Miami, Fla.
16th & Canal Sts., Chicago. UL
3rd & Spruce Su., St. Looia. Mo.
606 Howard St., San Frandaoo.
Cal.
11th St., & Capital Ave.. Omaha,
Nebr.
119-121 Wooster St., New York.
N.Y.
418 Federal Bldg., Salt Lake Ctty
Utah.
Miami, na.
Academy, Okla.
Hendrix, Okla.
Park HiU, Okla.
John H. Wilson
James W. Graves
Miss Gertrude A. Camp-
bell
Hugh P. Warren
George W. Horton
Sapulpa, Okia.
Eufaula, C"
Clarence Claik..
Wm. F. Aven...
Miss M. Eleanor Allen.
Frisco, Okla.
Oklt
Okla.
Hartshome, Okla.
Mekusukey. Okla.
Nuyaka, Okla.
Tuskahoma, Okla
Millerton. Okla.
Telegraphic Addreas.
Bokchito, Okla.
Kemp City, Okla.
Talequah. Okla.
Frisco via Stonewall. Okla.
Sapulpa, Okla.
Eufaula, Okla.
Hartshome. Okia. Tdepbooe t»
School.
Seminole. Okla. Telepbone to
School.
Bc^. Okla. Telephone to ScbooL
Tuskahoma. Okla. Telephone to
School.
Millerton, Okla.
1 Clerk in Charge
Traxton Canon School, Valentine, Arizona
Bt/ Special Correspondent.
Mr. and Mrs. Marion Waite of tlie Piioenix
Indian school were guests of Superintendent
and Mrs. Sliell last week.
It has been the custom for several years to
hare a jack rabbit dinner for Thanksgiving
for the children instead of the usual turkey as
their preference. This year was an unusually
bountiful one as sixty-five rabbits were slaugh-
tered ior the feast.
Our disciplinarian, Francis Clarke, is very
proud of his new drum corps and some of the
boys have proven very adept players.
The seamstress, Mrs. Pearl Jackson, has
uniformed the girls so becomingly it is worthy
of mention.
Mrs. Coulson was transferred from Mescal-
ero, New Mexico, to this school in November
and has assumed her duties as matron.
The teachers are very busy preparing the
Christmas program.
J. F. Stallard has been transferred to Union
agency, Oklahoma, as district farmer.
The superintendent of live stock at Peach
Springs is very proud of the new government
bouse and barn, recently completed here. It
i% modern in every respect and beautifully
located.
The Namdor sisters gave an entertainment
here Saturday evening which was thoroughly
enjoyed by all.
Dr. Riggs made a business trip to L#os
Angeles last week.
There will be a Christmas tree for the child-
ren, Christmas Eve. All of the presents the
children receive are given by the parents and
friends, which has been the custom for the
past three years.
Flandreau, South Dakota
Weeklv Review
F. E. Brandon, principal of the Fort Sill
school, Oklahoma, has been appointed superin-
tendent at Lrower Brule, this state, vice Sapt.
O. J. Green recently transferred to Shawnee.
Mr. Brandon has been in the school and
agency service for several years, having filled
the positions of disciplinarian, farmer, teacher
and principal and comes to South Dakota well
recommended for the duties of superintend-
ent.
Lapwait Idaho
Nez Perce Indian.
By order of President Wilson 4,600 acres of
land along the Pend d*Oreille river has been
set aside as a reservation for the Kalispe
Indians.
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^^fimmm
•^■L •^■L •^^^ '^^■L "^^i^ i^BL •^^■k ^^BL ^^^R ^^^^ ^^Wk ^^Bk ^^WiL •^■k ^^lik ^^^^W^
am
I he chil-
dren's Christ-
mas tree
Arrayed with
toys and filigree,
And brilliant gew-
gaws deftly hung.
That catch the eye of
old and young. With
fairies bright and tinted
birds I call forth glad
enraptured words; and
merry eyes will greet the
sight when I am viewed by
candle-light. Beneath my
boughs there lies a scene Of
house and yard and village green;
With mimic railway running through.
As railroads oft are wont to do. I am,
also, a Christmas tree! And this will be
the death of me; For when the Yule-tide
season's past, Upon the ash-heap I'll be
casr. However, while I'm standing here
A host of children I will cheer, And cause their
youthful cheeks to glow. Because of One Child long
ago Wl io came this waiting world to bless and fill
our hearts \A/ith happiness. And so, you see, j^
I'm glad to be W^
The t
tic !^
chiU ^
S dren's m
S Christ^ {|
H mas >Si
» By Rev. H. C. Michael, B. D. K
^r —American Printer. 4S^
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■Ml
Mm
*'NOT FOB SCHOOL, BUT FOB LIFE"*
THE NATIVE AMERICAN
Devoted to Indian Education
mM
jiiiii
Volume 15 December 26, 19X4 9{tsmber 44
X^ 'Roee B. Snoof^t San Catloe, Btl3ona
N THE great whirlpool of
life, no profession, how-
ever great its importance,
however strenuous its
significance, carries with
it greater responsibility
than that of teaching. It has been said that
one who makes a profession of teaching is
actually in a position to wield more influence
for good or for evil than the governors of
our states, and even the President of the
United States. Having scores of children
constantly under one's care and guidance,
all during that period when their habits are
formed, their minds developed and their
characters moulded for good or for evil-
each year for a lifetime of service— one
wields an incomparable and an immeasur-
able influence. While a governor merely
vetoes or sanctions a bill passed by the legis-
lature, a competent teacher is instrument
tal in developing illiterate, untrained chil-
dren as raw materials into sterling manhood
and womanhood, as the finished product
On the other hand an incompetent teacher
may bring inestimable harm, and failure
will be the inevitable result. Roosevelt
fittingly says: *The training of the youth de-
termines the destinies of nations, the fate of
the empires". Holy writ tells us that "A«
the twig is bent, so is the tree inclined,"
and also *Train a child in the way he should
go and when old he will not depart from it."
The youth of today become the citizens
the statesmen and legislators of the next
generation, and the prosperity or failure of
a nation lies in the average citizenship of
its people, so we leadily see that a nation
and its school system are inseparably linked.
An eflScient teacher may be the source of
incalculable harm to the body politic; 9 com-
petent, experienced instructor may be radi-
ant of immeasurable benefit. It is highly
important, then, for any teacher who real-
izes that teaching is in reality a mission
rather than a profession, who is really inter-
ested in this great calling and works not
merely for the monetary compensation tliis
vocation offers, to adopt a standard by which
to ascertain her eflSciency.
One of the primary and fundapiental re-
quisites for good teaching is the ability to
command authority, which seems to be .an
inborn quality or instinct rather than an
acquirement. If this be lacking, a condition
of constant disorder will pervade the school-
room; if the teacher can and does command
authority and respect among her pupils,
and yet does not appear dictatorial and
egotistical,, this, teacher at once wins their
confidence, respect, love and good will, and
cheer will at all times be prevalent in the
schoolroom. Only with this atmosphere
prevailing can proper work among the j3tu-
c|entjj;Jt)e accoo^plished. When the teacher
apd children ajr^ unfriendly, when the, mind
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582
The Native American
of the child is turned against his instructor,
school work ceases to be a pleasure and be-
comes a burdensome drudgery. With this
view of school work in mind among the
children, school loses its underlying basic
aim, and becomes farcical In ascertaining
her eflSciency, the teacher may and should
consider well this essential of good teaching
Another primary essential to proper and
eflScient instruction is the development of a
proper spirit among the pupils. If children
regard school work as a drudgery, continue
to be uninterested and indifferent, little will
be achieved. On the other hand, if the
teacher presents the subject or lesson, engag-
ing their attention in a pleasing manner,
and interests the child the pupil will cease
to look upon school as a drudgery, but re-
gard it rather as a pleasure and enjoy study-
ing all lessons assigned. The school then
ceases to be a farce, but a place full of plea-
sure, learning and knowledge. If teachers
recognize an intense interest in and natural
yearning and eagerness for study among
their pupils, they may rest assured that
one of the most fundamental essentials in
good teaching is not lacking. All who have
achieved this are to be congratulated and
complimented upon their eflSciency.
The basic aim of all education is the
development of upright young men and
women physically, mentally and morally.
If the teacher notices improvement in the
mental agility, in the courtesy and manners
of the pupils, she may be assured that her
energies have not been spent in vain. Just
in proportion to the improvement, advance-
ment and betterment of the students, in
every way may a teacher standardize her
own eflSciency, for this is but a measure of
the child's development. A teacher who
is cognizant of any change in the pupils
whatever, and discovers that the same at-
mosphere of ignorance and indifference is
prevalent from day to day, and notes no im-
provement in the child whatever, in his
ability to grasp or in his manners, should
recognize her ineflSciency and endeavor to
change, indeed revolutionize her methods
of instruction. Even the number of pages
covered in the text book, the regular attend-
ance, the tidiness and appearance of the
schoolroom are of secondary importance,
when compared or contrasted with the devel-
opment of the child's intellect. No standard
is more realistic and more reliable as a means
of computing one's eflSciency as an in*
structor.
In our modern industrial life, vdtb a vast
network of machinery on every hand, the
results produced by all our manufactories
revert back to the unalterable laws of
nature, as to c^use and effect. The raw
material goes through various forms and
comes out a finished product. It is interest-
ing to trace any product of the soil, as raw
produce, or the hewn timber through the
various processes it undergoes m becomuig
a finished product. Just as we judge the
eflSciency of a manufacturing plant by the
finished product, so is the efSciency of a
teacher determined. The development of
sterUng manhood from ignorant youth is
his vocation, in other words the develop-
ment of the finished product from the raw
material; therefore, a teacher can only de-
termine her eflSciency by the finished
product — the calibre of the army of young
men and women turned from the school in-
to life, and by what they achieve and con-
tribute to the world's storehouse of wealth.
The teacher should not only stimulate and
energize the child's intellect, but strengthen
the character, feed the young minds of the
pupils with noble thoughts and discourage
those vicious habits that blunt the finer
senses. "Character is higher than intellect,**
for the finished product of right and con-
sciousness of moral responsibility should not
be subordinated to mental development.
Only when the teacher realizes that moral
training should accompany mental instruc-
tion, and that courtesy, kindness and gratle-
ness are invaluable assets to the young man
or woman in life, and proceeds to teach them,
will the finished product be of such a type to
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Phoenix Indian School
583
reflect credit on his or her instructor. With
an array of upright, industrious, energetic
Christian men and women whose every deed
is actuated and prompted by a noble motive
and who contribute their share to the world
as one's former charges and proteges, one
can be assured that her merits and eflSciency
are not below par.
In the highly important and responsible
vocation and calling of teaching, upon which
the nation depends for its sustenance, a cor-
rect standard for judging the eflSciency of a
teacher is: (1) The ability to command au-
thority, and the respect and love of the
pupils; (2) the promotion of the proper spirit
in school, so that the school ceases to be a
drudgery and conglomeration of abstract
facts, and becomes a pleasure; (3) the im-
provement mentally and morally of the
pupils while under the teacher's guidance,
instruction and training; (4) last, but not
least, the calibre of the army of young men
and women turned into life as fiinished pro-
ducts. With this standard in mind, a teach-
er may profiit by her errors, acd the school
will t)e the birthplace of real knowledge and
learning, and will go on and down through
the ages to the fulfillment of her high des-
tiny, as emblematic of all that is pure and
ennobling.
Changes in the Service.
Henry Steuben is the new assistant engi-
neer at Chemawa. He was transferred from
the Cushman school— Hosk* // Leader,
Mr. Kaney has been appointed disciplina-
rian at the Riverside school, Oklahoma, and
and Mrs. Kaney boys' matron. — Haskell
Leader.
Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Merz have been trans-
ferred from the Lovelocks day school, Ne-
vada, to Fort Mohave, Arizona, as farmer
and cook.— Haskell Leader.
The Osage agency oflBcials are completing
the erection of a splendid residence on the
Osage grounds at Grand View. The residence
will be occupied by the superintendent of
schools. It is modern in every particular. —
Pawhuska Capital,
The Quinault Indian reservation has been
separated from the jurisdiction of the Cush-
man Indian school and an agent has been
appointed at Tahola on the Quinault. The
matter of a fish hatchery to conserve the
Quinault salmon has been taken up. This
species of fish is peculiar to the Quinault
river and commands the highest price on
the market. Only the Indians can fish for
this salmon. The new hatchery for which
Mr. Johnson obtained an appropriation of
$50,000 will be the most modern and up-to-
date in the nation and will mean thousands
of dollars to Tahola village.— TVicoma
(Wash,) Tribune.
Pima Women Display Needlework
That the Pima women are becoming not
only suflBciently proficient, but that they are
willing to exhibit their needlework in com-
petition with their white sisters is a source of
great satisfaction to Mrs. Anna E. Hoffman,
field matron at Sacaton, the Pima agency
headquarters. Eleven young Pima Indian
women had on display this year at the Ari-
zona state fair samples of their needlework
and prizes were awarded to two of them,
Mabel Sankey of Blackwater receiving first
prize for the best crocheted shawl, and
Annie Harvier the first prize for best French
embroidery in the children's department.
Following is a list of the displays made:
Annie Harvier, embroidered towel and cro-
cheted slippers; May Sabin Sunna, crocheted
handbag and slippers; Lucy Thomas, em-
broidered pillowcases; Martha Houston, em-
broidered pillowcases; Mollie Schurz, em-
broidered shirtwaist pattern; Stella McLean,
embroidered shirtwaist pattern; Mabel San-
key, crocheted shawl; Alice Enos, embroidered
pin cushion, Sarah Azul, hand- woven rag
rug; Lulu Manuel, braided rag rug; Lena War-
ren, braided rag rug.
At the annual Pima fair held this fall at
Sacaton, Mollie Schurz was awarded a sew-
ing machine for the best general display of
sewing.
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584
JThe Native Atnerican
The Native Amekican
■otered at Phoenix. Arizona, as Second Class Mail Matter
C W. GOODMAN, Superintendent
An Illustrated Weekly Magazine, Devoted to Indian Edu^
cation and Printed by Indian Student^ Apprentices at the
United States Indian Training School, Phoenix, Arizona
TWENTY-FIVE CENTS A YEAR
Miss Phoebe Elm, who has assisted with
the work at the main oflSce for more than
the past year, has been changed to the East
Farm sanatorium as an assistant.
The engineers have repaired the heating
system in the manual training building.
A small blaze in the Oliver cottage Tues-
day evening was quickly extinguished. A
defective flue was the cause.
Vice President and Mrs. Thomas R Mar-
shall arrived in Phoenix this week and pro-
ceeded to Scottsdale where they will spend
the holidays. They have a new bungalow
ready for occupancy south of the home
of Mrs. Marshall's parents, Mr. and Mrs.
W. E. Kimsey, who have been residents of
the valley for several years.
4'
'^
The friends of
Mrs. M. Myrtle
Smith will be
glad to learn that
she has received
promotion to the
position of trav-
elling organizer
for the Spirella
people with
whom she has
worked since re-
signing as seam-
stress of this
school in 1911.
A week of
rainfall has been
a source of satis-
faction to the
people of Salt
River valley, as there has been a record-
breaking amount of water stored in the
Roosevelt dam up to date, and the gage still
rising. "Oldest inhabitants" say this has been
Arizona's longest period of continual rain.
Mr. and Mrs. William Lovelace have been
transferred from Chemawa to the Fort
Simcofc school, Washington, as engineer and
seamtress.
The first campus event of the holiday sea-
son was given last Saturday evening when
Mr. and Mrs. Percival entertained at dinner
for Miss Ruth Percival, Mr. and Mrs. C. L.
Scott and Lloyd Elliot whose engagement
.0 Miss Percival was recently announced.
^)
flative Bmerican
Misbes its IReabets
H flDett^ Cbtistmas
anb a
IHapp^ *Wew l^ear
\
Mr. Krebs' de-
tail of painters
constructed a fire
place for use in
the cantata this
week and made
the Christmas
letters for the pu-
pils* dininghall.
Mrs. Frank H.
Moore of Saca-
ton returned
home this week
after a visit with
Mrs. C. J. Stacy
of Maricopa re-
servation
The teachers*
reading circle
was entertained Monday evening at the home
of the principal teacher. The cottage was
most inviting with its Christmas decorations
warmth of fire and welcome, a pleasing con-
trast to the stormy out-of-doors. After pur-
suing the reading course for the usual period
Mrs. Scott served a most tempting lunch,
while the favors were a source of delight to the
"grown-up children." The members of the
circle were all present except Mrs, Mc-
Laughlin, to whom a toast was drunk, and
a hope expressed for the speedy recovery of
the use of her broken arm. Others present
were Mr. and Mrs. Standage, Miss White,
Miss Percival and Lloyd Elliot.
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jACRSon ana i/^n rung oj ine pnnier s aeiau ana otuis i emjtein of me oisLcnsmun s aeiatu
The First Christmas
Bv Alfred Jcickson, Eighth Grade
Many years have elapsed since the first
joyful tidings and anthem were uttered by
the angelic choir to the lonely shepherds
who were guarding their flocks by night
among the Judean hills. These humble
herders were discussing the promise that a
king should come sometime to rule over ihe
Jews. This promise so long looked for was
nigh at hand, but the shepherds were un-
conscious of it. So, while seated on the
ground, they were suddenly brought on
their feet by the sound of an anthem, and
to their surprise they saw an host of angels
in the heavens praising God and saying,
**61ory to God in the highest and on earth
peace, good will toward men."
When this innumerable host had dis-
appeared from the nakei eye, these shepherds
prepared to go into Bethlehem of Judea
and see this fulfillment of the long-sought-
for king, promised years and years ago.
They walked with . eager steps down the
hills till they finally arrived at Bethlehem,
where they found the young child Jesus,
with Mary and Joseph. They fell d\>wn and
worshiped this infant Saviour who had come
down to save the people from their sins.
On their return they were full of joy and
gladness and told every one they met all the
things they saw and heard concerning the
child.
This was the greatest gift ever made and
that is one reason why we give gifts to one
another on Christmas Day. But above all
we should never forget that God sent down
His only begotton Son to this world in order
that we through Him might inherit eternal
life. Let us make this Christmas Day one
of the best that we ever had.
The Babe of Bethlehem
By Daniel Kino. Fifth Grade B
I am sure you all know what it means to
keep a birthday. Now let us have Christmas
mean a birthday to us — the Christ Child^s
birthday— and we celebrate it by making
gifts to the poor, because he was the great-
est gift this great world has ever known.
In the days of the olden time sheep were
taken care of by men called shepherds, and
the shepherds stayed with their sheep all day
and all night, guaiding them from the wolves
and other wild animals.
On this night the shepherds and their sheep
were asleep on the hillside when the bright
light in the sky awakened them. They be-
came frightened, for it was as light a;^ day,
and they fell on their faces and cried aloud!
Then a voice said to them: "Fear no£, for
behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy."
The shepherds heard, and looking up they saw
an angel who said: "Unto you this day is born,
in the city of Bethlehem, a Saviour," and the
angels sang, "Glory to God in the highest,
peace on earth, good will toward men."
The bright light went away and then the
shepherds said to one another: "Let us go
and find the Christ Child." The sheep were
left with the dogs, and the shepherds hurried
to the town. There they found the stable,
and Joseph led them to the manger where
Mary was, holding the baby in her arms.
And far away on a sandy road were three
wise men riding on beautiful white camels.
They, too, had seen the wonderful light in
the sky and had followed it. They had with
them gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh.
These they gave to the baby as they knelt be-
side him. So, ever since that time, Christ-
mas has been kept in remembrance of the
birth of our redeemer.
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566
The Native American
A Reservation Christmas
By aOa* Tenijieih, Sixth Grade B.
The first Christmas I ever had was at my
home, Fort Apache, when I was a little boy.
The ground was covered with snow, and of
course the weather was very cold. We lived
about a quarter of a mile from the fort.
My father asked me if I would like to see
Santa Glaus. I didn't know what Santa Glaus
was at that time so I was very anxious to
see him.
We had our Ghristmas tree in the school-
house where white children were going to
school. The people were so crowded that
some of the soldiers were almost standing
on top of each other. We sat close to the
Ghristmas tree where I could see, and after
a while I heard the Santa Glaus was coming.
As soon as I saw him coming in I began
to cry. My father told me not to cry, that
Santa was my cousin. Then Santa Glaus
began to throw oranges to the people. When
he got through, he began to call out the
names, and my name was called out toward
the last. I went half way to Santa Glaus,
began crying and turned right around and
ran back to my father, and he went and
got my presents. The first Ghristmas pres
ents I had were marbles, top, cap and toy
farm wation. After that I never was afraid
of Santa Glaus.
Tiiouglits of Cliristmas
By Marianna Rhodes, Eighth Grade.
There are only three more days before
Ghristmas and we as usual are thinking of
having a good time. But first of all, before
we do any thinking of ourselves, we must
think of others.
We girls and boys here often forget others
away from this school, and the reason for this
is that we ourselves have all that the Govern-
ment can give us.
My thoughts of Ghristmas today are far
different from the thoughts I had in years
that have passed
I, as a little girl, did not know why people
celebrated the day of Ghristmas. The only
thoughts I had were of the good things to eet
and the presents I expected from my friends
but now I am ever so thankful to say that I
have learned what the word Christmas
means.
For some days my thoughts have been rf
the poor children in the foreign countries. I
have often wondered if the children over
there have tL oughts of the great day.
I am glad that our own country is at peace
with others countries and Fm quite sure that
most of the children here will have a happy
Christmas.
Not only on Christmas day should we pray
and thank God for his goodness, but we
should thank him all times.
Tlie Poor Boy and How He Made Himself
Happy ''Just Before Ctiristmas**
By Parker McKenzie, Sixth Grade A.
The evening before Ghristmas is always a
happy one for many children; but the little
boy that I am going to tell about never had
a happy time "just *fore Christmas.**
He lived in a large city and his only play
grounds were the alleys where other poor
children lived.
When Ghristmas came, he always wished
that Santa would bring him something, but
his stocking was always empty. Many of
his poor neighboring children were some-
times lucky to receive gifts from their rich
brothers who were kind enough to help them.
But this little boy never received anything
and many times he was very sad when
Ghristmas passed. He envied the other
children when he saw them with their toys.
After he was older he resolved to help the
other poor children, although he was poor
himself. Sometimes when Ghristmas was
coming he struggled about in order to get a
few cents with which to help his poor friends.
When Christmas came he had enough,
which he obtained by selling papers, etc, to
make several children happy. He bought
small presents for them and they were very
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588
The Native AmericaR
Employees at Santa
By Special Correspondent.
Frederic Snyder,
John S. R. Hammitt,
Robert E. Johnson,
Jimetta Kidd,
Hattie C. Allen,
Mary J. Prii chard,
Frank I. Dorr,
Nan Morgan,
Alice C. Marmon,
W. S. Harroun,
Reyes A. Garule,
Desiderio Naranjo,
Charlotte B. Snyder,
Jessie P. Irwin,
Dora J. Gurule,
Rebecca Giron,
Minnie DeV. Rathbun,
Elizabeth W. Enos,
Rose Glass,
Emma M. Matthews,
Nettie Likins,
Rose Roberts,
Sanbran Baca,
Aurelia Martinez,
Victoria Cruz,
Marianita Naranjo,
Milton R. Likins,
Oscar E. McDaniels,
John F. Irwin,
George H. Henson,
Celso Giron,
Sevcriano Naranjo,
James D. Porter,
Severiano Tafoya,
Salvador Perez,
Rush Roberts,
Fe, New Mexico
Superintendent
Clerk
Principal
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
Teacher
(temp) Kindergartner
Teacher
Physician
Disciplinarian
Asst. disciplinarian
Matron
Asst. matron
Asst. matron
Asst. matron
Dom. science teacher
Seamstress
Nurse
Asst. nurse
Cook
Asst. cook
Assistant
Laundress
Asst. laundress
Assistant
Engineer
Industrial teacher
Carpenter
Blacksmith
Asst. engineer
Tailor
Gardener
Baker
Shoemaker
Laborer
AGENCY EMPLOYKBS
Edmonia B. Hammit, (temp) Clerk
Russell D. Holt, Physician
Charles LeRoy Brock, Physician
Dwight Allison, Physician
Jacob H. Crist,
Spec. atty. for Pueblo Indians of N. M.
Robert S. Conroy,
Robert B. Anderson,
Lincoln H. Mitchell,
Louis R. McDonald,
Sara JeflFries,
Edna May Brock,
Sarah Chapin,
Antonio Naranjo,
Cruz Perez,
Agapita Naranjo,
Jose C. Tafoyo,
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Farmer
Field matron
Field matron
Field matron
L&borer
Laborer
Police private
Police private
Jose R. Toya,
Ambrosio Martinez,
Santiago Archuleta,
Eu logic Cat a,
Francisco Naranjo,
Candido Tafoya,
Victoriano Sisneros,
Police private
Indian judge
Indian judge
Indian judge
Indian judge
Indian judge
Indian judge
Teacher
Teacher
DAY SCHOOI, EMPI^OYBBS
John A. Myers, Financial clerk
Jemez Pueblo
Mary Mathia Boyle,
Mary Stephania Schramme,
Taos Pueblo
Alice G. Dwire, Teacher
Nelle N. Peery, Teacher
Elsie Dwire, Housekeeper
Santa Clara Pueblo
Luella S. Gallup, Teacher
Severa Gutierrez, Housekeeper
San Juan Pueblo
Mrs. Henry H. Kramer, Teacher
Ruth Ferguson, Teacher
Emilia Archuleta, Housekeeper
Santo Domingo Pueblo
Mary E. Dissette, Teacher
Daisy Thomas, Assistant teacher
Santiago Labato, Laborer
Teresa Howacum, Housekeeper
Cochiti Pueblo
Nettie Cook, Teacher
Domingo Ortis, Heusekeeper
San Ildefonso Pueblo
Lucy I. Balfe, Teacher
Manuela Gonzales, Housekeeper
Picuris Pueblo
Walter L. Bolander, Teacher
Hattie O. Bolander, Housekeeper
Sia Pueblo
Benjamin S. Bothwell, Teacher
Florence S. Bothwell, Housekeeper
Anadarko» Oklahama
Home and School.
Mr. and Mrs Homer Seger have gone back
to Leupp, Arizona, for work in the Indian
school there.
Spencer Hilton received a letter from Super-
intendent Brandon, who has reached the Lower
Brule work and writes that he believes he will
greatly enjoy the new work. He has a large
nine- room house for a residence, and can get
over the reservation in a fine five-passenger par.
Mr.* Buntin, for so many years' at Riverside
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S90
The Native Americaa
Volley Ball Rules
As vollej ball is •ne of the frames prescribed
bj the Indian Office for the group athlf^tics,
which work is being- taken up with enthusiasm
throughout the service, the following rules
are printed for the benefit of the numerous
readers of the Native Ambrican. Two vollej
ball courts are in constant use at the Phoenix
Indian School and the pupils are verj enthusi-
astic over the game, which is destined to be-
come an important part of Indian school ath-
letics.
1. — Gamb. The game shall consist of twenty-
one points.
2.— Court. A court or floor space shall be 25
feet wide, 50 feet long, to be divided into two
square courts, 25x25 feet, bj the net The
boundarj lines must be plainly marked so as
to be visible from all parts of the court; these
lines shall be at least three feet from the wall.
KoTB.— The exact size of the court may be
changed to suit the convenience of the place.
3.— Nbt. The net shall be at least two feet
wide and 27 feet long and shall be suspended
from the wall on uprights placed at least 1 foot
outside the side lines. The top line of the net
at the center must be 7 feet 6 inches from the
floor.
4.— Bai«i,» The ball shall be the Spalding
Official ball; it shall be made of rubber bladder
covered with leather. It shall measure not
less than 25 inches nor more than 27 inches in
circumference, and shall weigh not less than
9 ounces nor more than 12 ounces.
5.— Sbrvbr and Sbrvicb. The server shall
stand with one foot on the back line. The ball
must be batted with open hand and not struck
with the fist. The ball may be served over
the net into any part of the opponents* court.
A service which strikes the net or anything
within the playing space and falls good in the
opponents* court shall be called a fault. A serv-
er shall lose his service if he serves two consecu-
tive faults. A service which strikes the net
or any object within the playing space and falls
without the opponents* court, shall retire the
server. In a service the ball must be batted at
least ten feet, no dribbling allowed. A service
which would strike the net, but is struck by
a player of the side before striking the net, if
it goes over into the opponents' court, is good.
The man serving continues to do so, until out,
either by the t>all being knocked out of bounds
by his side or their failure to return it. Kach
man shall serve in turn.
6. — ScoRmo. Each good service unreturned
or ball in play unreturned, or ball knocked out
of bounds by side receiving, count* cue point
for side servin g. A aide scores only when serv-
ing as a failure to return the ball on their part
or knocking the ball out of bounds, results io
the server being put out.
7.~Nbt Bai«i,. a play which is returned, but
strikes the net aside from the first service is
equivalent to a return.
8.— LflifB Baix is a ball striking the bouiMl-
ary line, and is equivalent to one in count.
9.— -Pi,AY AND Pi^YBRS. Should any player
during the game touch the net, it puts the ball
out of play and counts against his side; if said
player is on serving side the ball goes to the
opponents; if on the receiving side, one point
is scored for the server. Should two opponents
touch the net simultaneously, the ball shall be
declared out of play and shall be served again
by the serving side. Should any player catch
or hold the ball for an instant, it is out of play
and counts for the opposite side. Should the
ball strike any object within the playing space
other than the floor and ceiling* and bound
(back) into the court, it is still in play. If the
ball strikes any object outside of the court aad
bounds back again, it shall count against the
side which struck it last. To dribble is to
strike the ball quickly and repeatedly into the
air; dribbling is not allowed. Any player ex-
cept the captain addressing the umpire, or
making remarks to or about him or any play-
ers on the opposite side, may be disqualified
and his side be compelled to play the game
without him, or get a substitute, or forfeit the
game. Any player kicking the ball may be
disqualified and his side be compelled to play
the game without him, or get a substitute, or
forfeit the game.
10. — No player shall be allowed to strike the
ball while supported by any player or object,
but must strike it while on the floor or while
jumping up unassisted.
11. — A ball knocked under the net shall be
declared out of play and count against the
side which struck it last.
Helps in TUytng the GMme.
1.— Strike the ball with both hands.
2. — Look for uncovered space in opponents*
court.
3. — Play together; cover your own space.
4. — Pass from one to another when possible.
5. — Watch the play constantly, especially
the opponents.
6. — A player should be able to cover abovt
10x10 feet of floor space.
7.— Keep your eye on the ball.
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WE ARE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS FOR
SEEDS
Write us
for prices
cm millet kaffir ccmtii, sorghum,
milo maize, and other field com
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, Arizona
Talbot €r Hubbard
HARDWARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX - - ARIZONA
UEniiyyitt& UAYT ^^^^^i'^l Directors
HICnnllHJtllOb ilRI i and Embalin«r«
Phone Overland 651
124 Nerth Second Ave. Phoenix, Ari^sona
BLAKE. MOFFITT & TOWNE
mporraa ahd dealebs m
Paper
Sab FMBcteoo l^ Angeltt Portland
New York SeatUt
Call ap
ARIZONA BOTTLING WORKS
For Soda Water, all Eavra,
Ginger Ale Root Beer
The purest and beat made
OUR MOTTO — QUAWTY
414 \V. Van Burea Bt. Phoenix, Arfzoos
LINE AND HALP TOWB BWORAVINO
o o o o o o
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVING
COMPANY
o o o o o o
-RIOHT PR1CB8
FINEST QUALITY-
Qlrs Me a Trial and hm Ceavfoced
S. HARRV R0BBRT50N, ProyrletM*.
86 r. Washlafften St.
^ WURLITZtR (?
Brass Band*
tll«TRUMKIIT«,INIUM«, Re. j
'Hs.^^'SM&^mrl
iai&4
I Wmtt%tam^€39^
Send One Dollar to DONOFKIO and he will
send you a box of
DonoErio's Cactus Guidy
A product of tha Arlsana Daaart
1 9 E. Washington PheenlXi Arizona
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-to-date work, domestic or gloM^ finish
WAGONS CAI*!^ AT SCHOOL, MONDAYS
Talaphena Si 1
Corner Aduns and THiid it. PhotnhE Aittaaa.
THE QENUmE BUTTERlfUT BREAD VBOIJSSALE, RETAIL
PHOENIX BAKERY
EDWARD EISELE, Proprietor
Phoa«15M
7W.Waih.8t.
PiMMBfai. Ariaaaa
Ute the TRAVELBRS
RAILTVATGUIDB
FRIOI m OINTB
eai a. iNUiittoiiii mt^ cnioaci#
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\
QUALITY, FIT, and COMFORT
are the principal character-
istics to be found in our
"QUEEN QUALITY"
SHOES FOR WOMEN
$3.00
$3.50
"REGAL"
SHOES FOR MEN
$4.00
TFie New York Store
Phoenix, Arizona.
VAUGHN GROCER
COMPANY.
o
S-aple and Fancy Groceriea
and Notions — Men's Furnishings
o
GOODS DELIVEKED
o
Phone Overland 1169.
We Carry the Laitfest AMortmeot «f
Staple and fancy
GROCERIES
IN ARIZONA
MAILORDERS SOLICITED
E. S. Wakelin Grocery Go.
PHOENIX. - - ARIZONA
HUNTING SEASON IS NOW OPEN
We have all the latest models of Shot
guns, Rifles and Revolvers, at same
price you would pay in Qiicago or
New York, and guarantee them all
right here.
WRin us FOR PRICES ON 6UN YOU WANT
Our Ammunition is fresh, and of
the best makes. -
Send for free catalog of base-
hall, football, tennis, and other
sporiUig goods.
PINNEY&ROBINSON
The GtiQ Store
17 South Canter St. PhoiBli, Ariziu
Ht«bll8^«l 1l«7
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WE ARE ARIZ(»^A HEADQUARTERS FOR
CCCrVC ^"^« ""
OCClyO for prices
OQ millet, kaflSr corn, sorghum,
milo maize, and other field com
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, Arizona
Talbot &- Hubbard
HARDWARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX
ARIZONA
MEBBYMii^Hm !
. Funeral Director*
nd Embalmers
Phone Overland 651
124 N«rth Second Ave. Phoenix, Arizona
BLAKE, MOFFITT & TOWNE
iMrorrrss and dkailers w
Paper
S«tt Francisco Los Angelet Portland
New York S«attJe
Call up
ARIZONA BOITLINQ WORKS
For Soda Water, all flavrs,
Giinrer Ale Root Beer
'i'he purest and bost made
OUR MOTTO — QUAUTY
414 W. Vail Biiren st. Phoenix, Arlz«»f:a
Expert to the Maiittf«ct«r« •! Bv#nr Klatf •!
LINE AND HALF TONS BNORAVINO
o o o o o o
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVING
COMPANY
FINEST QUALITY-
-RIQHT PRICES
Give Me a Trial end be CoBvloced
S. HARRY ROBERTSON, Proprieter.
S5 B. Washiaerten St.
Sond One Dollap to DONOFRIO and he will
send you a box of '
Donoffio's Cactus Candy
A product of tha Arizona Deiart
1 9 £• Washington Phoenix, Arliona
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-to-date work, domestic or gloss finish
V/AGONS CAL,Lr AT SCHOOLr MONDAYS
Telephone 391
Corner Adams and Third st. Fhoenlx Arizooa.
THE GENUINE BUTTERNUT BKEAB WHOLESALE, RETAJL
PHOENIX BAKERY
EDWARD CISELE. Proprietor
Phone 15S4
7 W. Wash. St.
Phoculz, Arirena
Use the TRAVELERS
RAILW^AYGXnDE
PRICE 20 CENTS
431 8. &EA$(80RN OTt QIMCAQO
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c\>
jTHE NATIVE AMERICAN
! P.u:.fs:)eJ v/eck!y Ly Indian Apprentices
t
-o-
January 17, 1914
O —
U. S. Indian Industrial School •
Plioenix, Arizona
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WE ARE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS FOR
OCCL/O fbrprkes
on millet, kaffir corn, sorghum,
milo maize, and other fidd com
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenbc» Aiixoaa
Talbot &- Hubbard
H>v.PJ)WARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX - - ARIZONA
UCRRYIIIIi£ UAYT ^un^f^^ Directon
llLnnimWH W llRl I i^nd EmbaUners
Phone Overland 651
M North Second Ave. Phoemx» Arizona
BLAKE, MOFFITT & TOWNE
WrOBTflS AND DEALERS Dl
Paper
tea FrancUoo Lot Angdet PwtltDd
New York Sesttto
Call up
ARIZONA BOTTLINQ WORKS
For Soda Water, all flavors,
Ginger Ale Root Beer
The purest and best made
OUR MOTTO — QUALflTY
414 W* Van Buren at. Phoaoix* Arixoiui
Bspart ta tlia Maalactara off Bvaiy KM at
UNB AND HALF TONB BNQRAVINQ
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVING
COMPANY
PINBST QUAUTV RIQHT PRICel
Ohra Ma a Trial aod h9 Coavlacad
f . HARRY ROBERTSON^ Propriatar.
as B. WaihlAfftoB St.
m WURLI IZtR i^
BRAaa Band'
mantuainn*. OMiMa, ten.
Sand One DoUar to DOmfBIO and be wiD
sand yon a box of
D(MioHo^s Cactus Candy
A ppodnet of tha Arliona Datart
19 E. Washington Phoenix, Arlzant
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up*to-date work, domestic or g^loss finish
WAGONS CALXi AT SCHOOI^ MONDAYS
Telapfaooa sat
Corner Adams and Third St. Phoenix AiteM^
THE GSmJINB BUTTERNUT BREAD WHOLESALE. KIIAB
PHOENIX BAKERY
EDWARD EISELE. Ptoprtetor
Phoael5S4
tW.Wsth.St. Phomis^ AilMW
Use the TRAVELERS
RAILMTATGUIDE
PRICE 2eceiiTB
4a« a. osAaaoaii mr^ onicaoo
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The NATIVE
AMERICAN
February Fourteen, Nineteen
Hundred and Fourteen,
Published by Indian Apprentices
United States Indian School
Phoenix, Arizona
L
BB^afflmRffcfg.«wpf ":•■•• ■*'''^'^:
^>.
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WE ARE ARIZC»fA HEADQUARTERS FOR
SEEDS
Write ua
fmr prices
on millet, kaffir corn, sorghum.
milomaize» and other field corn
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, ArUona
Talbot &- Hubbard
H/ P.DWARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX
ARIZONA
UERDYUAMti IIAYT I^'uneral Directors
IBLnmiHRim nWll ^^id Embalmers
Phone OTerland 651
.24 North Second Ave. Phoenix, Arizona
BLAKE, MOFFITT & TOWNE
IMPOrmi AND DBAIBt HI
Paper
Sea Frasdtoo Loa Angelft Fortknd
New York ' $esttl«
Call op
ARIZONA BOTTLING WORKS
Fer Soda Water, all flarors,
Oing^er Ale Root Beer
The pureat and bei^t m&de
OUR MOTTO — QUAWTY
4H W. Van Bares st. PboeaU, Arizona
Bspsrt lo tbs Mamdaetnre of Brsry KM si
LINB AND HALF TONB QWRAVIM
PHOENIX
ENGBJKVING
COMPANY
PINBST QUALITY-
Olre Ms a Trial i
-RIOHT PRICBS
[baCoa¥ta09d
S. HARRY R0BBRT5ON, Pffopriator.
ZB B. Wathlnatoa St.
!i WLRLirZliR
Send One Dollar to DOROFBIO and he will
send you a box of
DonoWo's Cactus Candy
A produet of the Arizona Des*rt
19 E. WashlBcrton Ptioenlx, kriioni
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-to-date work, domestic or srloas finiib
WAGONS CALrL AT SCHOOI^ MONDAYS
Telephone 39 1
Corner Adauu aad ThlM St. PhMoU Atkii^
THE GENUINE BinTERNUT BREAD WHOLESALE. UTAB
PHOENIX BAKERY
EDWAPvD EISELE. Pr9ivi«t«r
Phoat 15S4
7 W. Wttbh. Si.
PboesfaE. Aiboi*
Um the TRAVELERS
RATLW^AYGUIDB
PRiCB 25 OBNTS
^i a. &«ARBORN BT., «MflCMUIO
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WE ARE ASmmX HEADQUARTERS FOR
SEEDS
Write U6
for prices
on millet^ kafflr ocnrn, sor^um,
milo maize, and other field corn
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, Aiixoua
Talbot &- Hubbard
HAPJ)WARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX • • ARIZONA
IICDDVIIIHft UIVT P«aeral Directort
Wwnn 1 111111 Ofc nmi i^n^ Rmbalmew
Photi« Or^rlaod 651
M North Becoxid Ave. Piioetiix» Arisoua
BLAKE* MOFFITT & TOWNE
Paper
NtvYork
hMrtlaa^
Callnp
ARIZONA BOTTLING WORKS
Fer Bo4a Wattr, lU flavorti
Qinffer Alt Root Bttr
The pnrett mod bMt »iidf
OUR MOTTO -OUAMTY
4M W. Vea Baim at. Pliatate. Ariaoaa I
Bxpart la tlia Manoiactiira af Birary Klatf 9I
UNB AND HALF TONE BNQRAVINO
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVING
COMPANY
RNBST QUALITY^^ RIOtlT PRICTa
Qiva Ma a Trtal and ha ConvUicad
S. HARRY ROBERTSON. Profniator.
85 1. Washlnirtoii St.
@ WLIRUTZER i!
BRAsa Band*
iMTRUMumkOMiMs, tra.
Sand One Dollar to DONOFRIO and ha will
sand 70a a box of
Donofrio^s Cactus Guidy
A produet of th« AFisoaa O^mvI
19 1. Washington Phoanix, Arliona
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up«tOHlate work, domestic or gloaa fittiah
WAGbNS CALI^ AT SCHOOL MONDAYa
Tal«plioiia sat
ConMT Adanu and Third St. PhMnU fl rtiiaa
THE Q6NUINB BUTTERNUT aRCAD WH0UE8ALE. RCTAS
PHOENIX BAKERY
KDW ARD cmaU. PtopriMor
PbooalSII
?W.Wath,St, PUcwlE.
UMthtTRAVBLSRS
RAILWAYQXnXHi
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iH
THE
NATIVE
LMERICAT
Twenty-third, Nineteen Hundred Foari
^td ty bfdUn PrMer^Apprtniktt, IMtd SfMies Indis**
Schootp Phoenix, AHwonM
DESIONBD BY CHARLES LAWS. PiMA. PRINTERAPFRENTICE
I
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WE ARE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS FOR
OJCJJ^JL/O for prices
on millet, kafiRr com, sorghum,
milo maize, and other field com
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, Arizona
■^j^
Talbot &- Hubbard
HAPvDWARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX
ARIZONA
MERRYMAN&HAYT
Funeral Directora
and Embalmera
Phona Orerland 651
J24 North Sacond Ara. Phoenix, Ariaona
BLAKE. MOFFITT & TOWNE
IMIWIIIII AMD fll— Bl
Paper
Saa FfaaoUM Los Aiig«lM
NawYork SMttSt
Call ap
ARIZONA BOTTLINQ WORKS
Far 8o4a Water, all flarora,
G4nf<rer Ale Root Beer
The pureat and best made
OUR MOTTO — QUAUTY
414 W. Van Baran aC« Phoenix, 'Artzooa
Hsfert la tlie MamOmeimm mi Brery KM H
UNB AND HALF TOMI BNCWAVIIRI
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVING
COMPANY
PINBST QUAUTY RIOHT PRICBS
Give Me m TrU tt4 to Cmm^Umi
t. HARRY ROBERTSON, Preprlate.
9f 1. Washlmrtan St.
Send One Dollar to DONOFSIO and Miw^l
send jou a box of
Donofrio^s Cactus Caiidy
A praduat of tha Arlaoaa Daiart
10 1. Washlnfften Phoeniz» Aflsefft
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-to-date work, domaatie or glo^ Hdkli
WAGONS CAtiL, AT SCHOOL HOmUfl
TalapliaM sei
Cwatr AdaoM aad lUid St.
TBI Quiunci lurnBiNUT bkkab wBouaALHWAP
PHOENIX BAKERY
CDWASOIISELK.
7W.Waik.8i.
VmUmTRAVWUSRS
RAILWATOUIPB
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<<^
The
Native American
Midsummer dumber
Printed by Indian Printer* Apprentices atthe United
States Indian Industrial School, Phoenix, Arizona
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Ndiw* AmtHaui Advertbtr
WE ARE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS FOR
SEEDS
Write in
for prioet
•n milltt, kalBSr eonu sorgbunt
bUo maize, and other field oorn
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, Arizona
Talbot &- Hubbard
HARDWARE
paints, glass tte.
PHOENIX
ARIZONA
Phont OT«rUii4 Ctl
IK North Second Ato. Ph«e»iz, ArUona
BLAKB, MOFFITT ti TOWNE
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN
Paper
••a Pmnoisoo
N«wYork
Call «p
ARIZONA BOTTLINQ WORKS
Fee Soda Water, aU taTore,
Qinrer Ale Root Beer
The pnreet and beet made
OUR MOTTO -QUAUTT
414 W. Van Buren st. Phoenix, Arl«o«a
expert la the MeiMteelsre ef Bverj Ktad
UNB AND HALF TONB BNQRATINQ
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVING
COMPANY
PINBST QUALITY-
-RIOHT PRIGBB
aive Me a Trial ead be Ceoviaced
f . HARRY ROBERTSON,
%% B. Washington St.
>-> WLIRIC/^fiR
BRASS Band'
Send ene Dollar to DONOFRIO and he wtU
send jou a box ^
DonoHo^s Cactus Guidy
A f roduet of the Artiona Deiert
IS B. Washington Phoenlz» ArlssBS
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-to-date work, domeatic or gloaa finlah
WAGONS CALtr AT SCHOOL MOKDAT8
Telephone SSI
Conar Aduu and Thlid St.
THE OBNUUfl BUTTEINUT BREAD WHOLISALB. IRAIL
PHOENIX BAKERY
EDWARD EISBLE. Ptoprktor
PbeoolIM
rW.Woah.St.
(Its tha TRAVELERS
RAILTVATGUIDB
PRWBMOBirra
ISOBB ST^ i
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The
f^ati'Oe
^^merican
Hk Hk
September Five, Nineteen
Hundred and Fourte en.
Printed by Indian Printer'Jtp prentices
U, S. Indian S.:hooi<, Phoenix, Arixona
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A"
r ' ^ - '^ j^-j -» '^<.' -iT* ,.^-> A-' t.
.<^'
Septembf'r Tivelve, \incteen
H u n d r p d a n d F o u rt e e n.
Printf'd by Indian Prinr*>r-.Hi f: rvntU cs
V. S. Indian School, Phoenix, Mrirona
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F^xp«rt in th« Manufacture of tivery NIdu of
Wh ARF AUIZON-X HKADgrARTKRS F( iR ] LINti and half tone hMikAVlNO
( o
Sr^ r*^ j-^ Q Write u.^
;.-^ L- L> fcD for pri^'e^
,,■■1. ■n;,i-/.^ and other ti..|,i<-orr E N G P\ A V I N G
Write uf;
;S SEED HOUSE
CO.MPANV
'. X. A-i/.i'-'a
■n
dive ^\e a I rial anil be L.oii\inLC<t
s nvWUV kOriRT?i(>N. Propri-tur
" T F. u 'ish.'u tun ^t.
Ti' V <, h
^" I ! 1 1 1
.,"? i Y-m a box of
', ^ ■ ' '''- A -ir...^. t i.f tho Arizona rt<-s-r*.
\'^'/"-^\ I L V / t..v.-rr PllOtinU, A. ........
• ' t .^ , T (. *.- ^ 1- ' ■ ' ^ C A. i J^ AT St H( »( »I, .\;('.\]' 1 '-
. ■' .V ■ [■'ri H nix , A I 1/ *)■' H , , i . . ».t 1 • .'*. St . J"f f'< ...1
i i ill & low Ni'^ '.-..■. ; >; -r fit --^^ r b;. i-Ah who:,: ^*l -. F"'a<
■ *• j * ' K.liW VKD KKr IT. Proprietor
tall >ip
•\\':/::n\ liOTTLl.NO wokKS U33 tha Tl'lAVELERS
'•■- ""'•■ '■'■•r'; •^" "•■"■'■'■" IIAII.V7AYGUIDE
r^,. pu-<^- a',<" ^.•-l .1. '1- pWjCJE 25 CENTS
^1 ♦ VV . \ a•^ Hureri st. Phoenix, Ari/oria
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NAtivt
WE ARE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS
^CC lJ O for prices
on millet, kaffir corn, sorghum,
rnilo maize, and other field com
HILL'S SEED HOU
Phoenix, Arirona
Talbot 6- Hubbard
HAKDWARE
paints,' glass etc.
PHOENIX - - ARIZ
MEnniMAfl& HAYT .^a Elbaiml
Phone Overland 651
24 North Second Ave. Phoenix, Ar:
BLAKE, MOFFITT & TOW
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN
Paper
San Prandsoo Los Angeles P(
New York Seattle
Call ap
ARIZONA BOTTLING WOR
For Soda Water, all flavors,
Gingj-er Ale Root Beer
The purest and best made
OUR MOTTO — QUALITY
414 W. Van Buren si. Phoenix, Arl
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<^
school, but for iif9.
The
Native American
Printed by Indian PrintenJIpprentices
at the United States Indian Trains
ing School, Phoenix, Arizona
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Han Printer'Apprentices
d States Indian Train*
I, Phoenix, Arizona
t ober 17 9
9 14
The
W Native American M
^ijKiatjjky
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Are you on the fence
as to where you will buy your lumber?
If open to conviction come and take a
stroU around our yards and examine the
quality of the lumber we are now offering
The Valley Lumber Co.
Comor MmdUon and Cmntmr PHONE 160
Arizona Motor Co., Inc.
o . o o
Studebaker
Automobiles
Supplies and Accessories
"Everything for the Auto"
O O O
Arizona Motor Co., Inc.
First & Van Buren Streets
Phoenix - Arizona
G, V, ROBINSON,
INDIAN TRADER.
DEALfER IN
Navajo Blankets
AND NATIVE SILVER JEWELRY.
MAIL ORDERS SOLICITED.
Address
MADDOX, VIA HOLBROOK, ARIZONA.
If you are more than a year
behind and do not wish to miss
a Native American, send U9 25
cents at once.
THE native; AMERICAN
Is published weekly aithe United States Indian Ltdttstrial ScfuxOf
Phoenix, Arizona, and the printing is done entirely by student,
apprentices of the printing department,
rr CONTAINS
Nevas of general interest to employees throughout the Lidim
Seitice and will prdke of interest to any one intertstedin the
welfare of the Indians,
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Native
^yJmerfcan
Arizona Apache /dumber
October 24 , 1914-
Printed by Indian PrintenA jprentices
at the United States Indian Train'
ing School, Phoenix, Arizona
ii
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NsHve AmefkdH Ad'lHHiser
We carry the best lumber
of every kind for every purpose.
It is all grood and sound and the
kind preferred by arehitects and
buiiders. Ask your neighbor
about us. The best builders in
this section have bought Lumber
from us and we always satisfied
with goods and prices.
The Valley Lumber Co.
Cmmmr Madison mnd Cmntmr
PHONE 7§0
kxhmdi Motor Co,, Inc.
o o o
Sfudeba^er
ALUfom
Supplies and Accessories
"Everything for the Auto"
O O O
Arizona Motor Co., Inc.
FiSst and Van Buren Streets
G. V, ROBINSON.
INDIAN TRADER.
DEALrER IN
Navajo Blankets
AND NATIVE SILrVER JEWELRY.
MAILr ORDERS SOWCITEP.
Address
MADDOX, VIA HOLBROOK, ARIZONA.
Phoenix
Arizona
If you^are more than a year
behind and do not wish to mlsi
a Native American, send ui 25
cents at once.
^rHK NATI\ K AMERICAN
Is pubtishid weekly at the Urdted States IndUnlndasM^lSduHd,
Phoenix, Arizona, and the printing is done entirely by studaft-
apprentices of the printing department.
IT CONTAINS
News of general interest to employees throughout the Lidlm
Service and wtll prdbe of interest to any one interested in fk
welfare of the Indians*
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^yitnertcan
J^ OH) ember 7, 19 14
Printed by Indian PrintenApprentiees
at the United States Indian Train*
ing School, Phoenix, Arizona
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MTE ARE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS FOR
cccrvc ^"» «
OCCUO ferpriocs
•n BiUat, kalBr e«ni, twtlham,
nilo maia*. and ether field oom
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
PliQeniz, Arisoua
Talbot dr Hubbard
HARDWARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX
ARIZONA
MERRYft^^fi&HAH ISVl
Directors
%a.litiors
Ph«a« OrmrUxnd CSl
124 North Becoa4 Ar«. Pli««uiji, AriMna
BLAKE, jnOFFITT ft TOWNE
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN
Paper
tea Praii«boo Los A
New York
Ptottead
9MtH«
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVlNG
COMPANY
-RIGHT PRICES
FINEST QUALITY-
aiv« M« a Trial amd bm C^avlac^d
S. HARRY ROBERTSON, Proprietor.
9S I. WMhlartaa St.
W« Suppl/ ti-e U. S.
PricesCatlnHAlf
Co i ntrodnca. l>ont buy
until you Bee our 1x1 rcc.
new 80-paffe Band In-
i rtrunent text^book B.
SvatFKEtL Write to^ay.
^ Th«Rad«IpliWurIltser€«>^^
iti E.4th5t.Clnelnn«tl.O n|||
tond tut Dollar to DOKOFEIO and he wttl
Bond 70U a box of
Donoffio^s Cactus Candy
k produet of tha Arizona Dasarl
19 E. WasHinfton Phoonix, ApIxom
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-tOHlate work, domeatia or g^loaa finlah
WA90NS CALL# AT 8CHOOI4 MONDAYS
ToUphoaa Stl
CwiMT A4aBU aad TkM St. Fhomum AitaHM.
THE OENUnil SUTrCBNUT BKBAH WBOUEOALS. MIAl.
PHOENIX BAKERY
SftWAJtD USKLX, Fiaarietor
PlMaaliM
Call «p
ARIZONA BOTTLINQ WORKS
Far 8o^a Water, all fltvora,
Ginifer Ala Raot Brer
Tha pnr©»t and b«?Rt made
OUR MOTTO — QUALITY
I
TW. Wash. St.
414 W. Van Boron at.
Pkooflix, Arixoaa
TRAVBUSRS
RAIL^VATQUIDE
»OIIK>AOe
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American
J^ o^ emb er 14, 1 9 1 4-
Printed by Indian PrintenApprentiees
at the United States Indian Train*
ing School, Phoenix, Arizona
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h
I
irlll
t
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V
^yitnertcan
/f o-V ember 21, I 9 1 4-
Printed by Indian PrintenApprentices
at the United States Indian Train*
ing School, Phoenix, Arizona
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AbtfM ilm«KcM iWMrMw
WE MOE ARIZONA HEADQUARTERS FOR
SEEDS
Write OS
for prices
on millet, kaflSr com, aorgbmn,
milo maize, and other field com
HILL'S SEED HOUSE
Phoenix, Arizona
*^ ^^ii' af . - 1*' -- .*''Tsi» «
Talbot 6- Hubbard
HARDWARE
paints, glass etc.
PHOENIX
ARIZONA
MEBilYM&N&.Hm LTEla^e^r
Phone Overland 651
124 North Second Ave. Phoenix, Arizona
^BLAKE, MOFFITT & TOWNE
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS I.N
Paper
, Francisco ^ ^««»« Portiand
New York Scattie
Call ap
ARIZONA BOTTLING WORKS
For Soda Water, all flavora.
Ginger Ale Root Beer
The purest and best made
OUR MOTTO — QUALITY
414 W. Van Buren st. Phoeolx, ArUoiu
Bspert !■ tiM M«wtectiire of Bv«ry KM tf
LINB AND HALF TONB BNORAVINO
PHOENIX
ENGPvAVING
COMPANY
D o e
-I^IQHT PRIC6S
FINEST QUALITY-
Ulv« Me a Trial and be Coavlooetf
S. HARRY ROBERTSON, Proprietor*
86 E. Washlnffion St.
Send One Dollar to DONOFRIO and he will
send you a box of
Donof riots' Cactus Candy
k product of the Arizona Desert
19 E. Washington Phoenix. ArizoM
ARIZONA LAUNDRY
Up-to-date work, domestic or gloss finish
WAGONS CALL AT SCHOOL MONDATS
Telephone 391
Corner Adams aad Third St. Phoenix /
THE GENUINE BUTTERNUT BREAD WHOLESALE. BETA*
PHOENIX BAKERY
EDWARD EISELE. Propriatar
PhooalSS4
7 W. Wash. St.
Pboeflis* A>iH">
Oto fl» TRAVELERS
RAILA^ATOniDB
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^ylmerican
Temperance ^timber
December 12, 1914-
Printed by Indian PrintenApprentices
at the United States Indian Trains
ing School, Phoenix, Arizona
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WE/U!
HIL
PHO::i
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124 :.-•.!
Akii
414 W
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QUALITY, FIT and COMPORT
mv]th€ principal characieristies
to b€ found in our
Queen <&uaUtt
•Hoef POR watuBH
Veoal
ExclusiTe
WHOLESALE GROCERS
19.00
sajft)
$4.00
The New York Store
Pho«n0c Arizona.
VAUGHN GROCER
COMPANY.
o
•tapit and Fan«7 OfomtIm
9mA M otiOM-HtB'i FvBitktDff
O
400DS DELiVERBO |
f
PboM 1100.
E. S. Wikeiifi Grociry Ci.
PinD<ix.
ASIZONA
KODAKS
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Christmas
(But «*«tf .^^ ^yj
f2fG^C0
P/vm^f »mrvt<:m anU ^orf .or*.
P/^iV£K ^ nOBINSON
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THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
REFERBNGB DBPARTMBNT
This book is ondor no oiroumttonoot to
taken from the Boilding
form <w
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