Full text of "Proceedings"

THE ROYAL CANADIAN INSTITUTE

. b

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

THIRD SERIES.

VOL. I.
(JANUARY, 1903, TO DECEMBER, 1904.

SOUTH SHIELDS :
PRINTED FOR THK SOCIETY BY R. SIMPSON AND SONS.

1905.

DA
70

Ill

LIST OF PLATES.

Two bronze Mortars ! facing page 4

Royal Arms in Blackgate Museum, and carved oak head

from Chibburn ; 30

Fragment of the Roman Wall at Wallsend 44

Wallsend in 1850, and in 1903 46

Two Roman Altars (to Neptune and Ocean) from the

Tyne at Newcastle ,, 50

The ditch of the Roman Wall on Limestone bank, cut

through basalt, and large block of basalt with late

Dr. Bruce standing near ,, 54

Mitford : Remains of Manor House and of Castle ,, ,, 55

Warkworth Tithe Barn 63

Roman Vase from Piercebridge, and pre-historic Arrow-
heads found at Newton Ketton, co. Durham ,, ,,64

' The Castles,' Hamsterley, co. Durham facing pages 64, 66, 68

Roman Inscription, naming three Vexillations, from the

Tyne at Newcastle, and gold and silver coins of

Hadrian with Neptune reverses facing page 72

Ulgham Village Cross and ' bounder oak ' ,, ,, 75

Widdrington Castle, from drawings belonging to the

Society 82

Widdrington Church, piscinas, &c ,, ,, 81

Chibburn from NW. and N.E 86

Inscribed stone found in Bishopwearmouth Tithe Barn,

and 17th century Peg Tankard ,, ,, 90

Inscribed stone from Darlington, and leaden cistern

head from Newcastle ,, 93

South Shields : The ' fallen wall ' in ' forum,' and east

rampart of Roman Camp ,, ,, 94

Bishopwearmouth Tithe Barn ,, 96

Mitford Church from the rectory garden ,, 99

,, interior looking east ,, ., 100

Mithraic Slab from ' Kastell Krotzenburg,' and Roman

inscription at Cliff e Hall ,, ,,117

A bronze Celt from Stanwick, Yorkshire, and a burial

near Tower bridge, London ,, 118

Piercebridge : north-west corner of Roman camp ,, 124

Cross at Cliff e Hall, and doorway of Chantry Chapel,

Piercebridge ,, , ; 130

Newcastle : In the Close and the Blackgate ,, ,,135

Old Union Bank, Mosley Street, and old

houses, Pilgrim Street , ,,136

Pilgrim Street, west side, and Forth House ,. ,, 137

Bailey Gate looking east ,, ,,138

,. The ' Fox and Lamb ' ,,138

Brancepeth, Ancient British Cist and Urn found near ... ,, ,,140
Ancient doorway in Castlegarth, Newcastle, and Roman

altar discovered at Benwell , ; ,,142

Newcastle, Carving knife and fork from old Mansion

house ,, ,, 144

Stone axe hammer found at Barras bridge, Newcastle,

and a quern found at Bishopwearmouth ,, ,,146

Arms of Lord Crewe, bishop of Durham, and of New-
castle ,148

LISTS OF PLATES AND

Newcastle : Town wall in St. Andrew's Churchyard . . .facing page 157

Plummer tower and Carpenter tower .... ,, ,, 158

,, Plummer tower from east, and Pink tower , ; ,, 160

Herber tower, and Town Wall, Back

Stowell Street ._ 161

Grant of the Manor of Tre wick, Northumberland ,, ,, 163

Holy Island Church, interior looking east ,, ,, 174

Ancroft Church, and Keep of Etal Castle 186

Barmoor and Ford Castles ,, 189

Etal Castle gateway 200

Askerton Castle, and Lanercost Piory from S.E ,, 216

Bewcastle Cross ,, 220

Dacre tomb in Lanercost Priory, and gateway of

Naworth Castle ., 234

St. Helens Auckland Manor house and Church ,, ,, 261

Escomb Church, interior before restoration ,, 266

Old font, St. Hild's Church, South Shields, and Royal

Arms from Newgate, Newcastle ,, ,, 278

Roman Centurial stones from A esica and West Denton . ,, ,, 286

Pedigree of Moises of Newcastle ,, 290

LIST OF OTHER [ILLUSTRATIONS.

Aesica, Roman centurial stones from

near, 175
Ancient British burial near Brancepeth,

plan of site of, 141 ; camp, ' The

Castles,' 65

Ancroft church, plan of, 187
Axe found at Bawtry, 273

Badge, Dacre, at Naworth castle, 235

Bamburgh castle, clock tower at, 168 ;
church, 'lowside ' window in, 166

Bawtry, axe found at, 273

Bewcastle, Roman altars from, 220 ;
church, interior of, before restoration,
227 ; medieval grave covers at, 228

Blyth harbour, old plan of, 260

Brancepeth, plan of site of Ancient
British burial near, 141

Brandon chapel, Northumberland, plan
of, 132

Brass, a, from Stanwick church, York-
shire, 88

Carlisle, small clay ligure of Venus

found in, 48

Carrawburgh, see Procolitia
' Castles, The,' near Hamsterley, plan

of, 65
Calherick brass, a, from Stanwick

church, Yorkshire, 88

Centurial stones, Roman, v, 175, 287
Chipchase castle, plan, sections, and

elevation, 32-34
Chollerton churchyard, cross on stone

found in, 156
Cross, on stone found in Chollerton

churchyard, 156 ; base of, on moor

near Elsdon, 124
Civil war "tract, reproduction of title

page of a, 121
Corsenside church, medieval canopied

grave cover in, 164

' Crusie,' in Blackgate museum, New-
castle, 283

Dacre badge at Naworth castle, 235

Elsdon, gibbet and base of cross on
moors near, 134

Facsimiles of signatures, 28
Flails from various countries, 285
Ford castle, old plan of, 193
Greek inscription on marble, an an-
cient, 107

Hamsterley, plan of ' The Castles '

near, 65
Hartlepool, pre-conquest grave slabs

from, 223

OTHEK ILLUSTRATIONS.

Inscriptions, an ancient Greek, 107 ;
Roman, from Bewcastle, 220 ; from
Piercebridge, 126, 128

Kilham hill, Northumberland, plan of
cist on, 91

Lamp, Roman bronze, from South

Shields, 347

Lanercost priory, plan of, 233
' Lowside ' window, Bamburgh church,

166

Medieval grave covers, Bewcastle
church, 228 ; Corsenside church, 164
Mercury, Roman bronze figure of, 124
Mortar, stone, found at the Red Barns,
Newcastle, 273

Naworth castle, plan of, 236 ; Dacre
badge at, 236

Newcastle, plan, sections, and eleva-
tions of ancient doorway in Castle-
garth, 37 ; a ' crusie ' in Blackgate
museum, 283 ; stone mortar found
at the Red Barns, 273 ; walls, stone
figure from, 158

Newminster abbey, carved capital, etc.,
in chapter house, 74

North Shields, see Shields, North

Oak carvings from Waterville, North
Shields, 39, 40

Piercebridge, plan of, 127 ; Roman
inscriptions from, 126, 128 ; Roman
bronze figure of Mercury from, 124 ;
small vase found at, 125

Pre-conquest grave slabs from Hartle-
pool, 223

Procolitia, Roman centurial stones from
287

Rede, Thomas de, seal of, 31

Rjoman altar from Bewcastle, 220 ;
bronze figure of Mercury found at
Piercebridge, 124 ; small vase found
at, 129 ; camp, Piercebridge, plan of,
127 ; centurial stones v ; from near
Aesica, 175 ; from Procolitia, 287 ;
graffiti and potters' names from
Wallsend, 46 ; inscriptions from
Piercebridge, 126, 128 ; sculpture of
the Deae Matres from South Shields,
107 ; figurine of Venus found in
Carlisle, 348 ; bronze lamp from
South Shields, 347

Seals of Thomas de Rede, 31 ; and of

Thomas de Trewyk, 163
Seventeenth century tracts, title pages

of, 121, 271
Shields, North, oak carvings from

Waterville, 39, 40
Shields, South, a sculptured stone of

the Deae Matres from, 107 ; Roman

bronze lamp from, 347
Shovel, old wooden, from a Weardale

mine, 63

South Shields, see Shields, South
Stanwick church, Yorkshire, an old

brass from, 88
Stone figure from Newcastle wall, 158

Trewick, Thomas de, seal of, 163

Ulgham church, early window head in,

Venus, small clay figure of, found in
Carlisle, 348

Wallsend, plan of a portion of, 33 ;

Roman potters' names, etc., from, 46
Weardale, old wooden shovel from a

mine in, 63
' Winter's Stob,' etc., on moors near

Elsdon, 124

liOMAN CISNTUKIAL STONE. (See p. 2St).)

CONIR1BUTIONS OF PHOTOGRAPHS, BLOCKS, &c.

Thanks were returned to the following donors :

Adamson, H. A., for drawings on pp. 39 and 40 f and for block on p. 39

Allison, Dr. T. M., for drawings, page 285

Brewis, Parker, for photographs of Royal Arms, facing page 30, and on
278 ; of Roman_altars, facing 50; of tankard, facing 90 ; of stone axe,
facing 146 ; of grant, facing 163 ; and of centurial stones, facing 286

Bruce, the Right Hon. Sir Gainsford, for blocks of Roman fosse, Lime-
stone bank, facing 54

Carlisle, earl of, for drawing of Dacre badge, 235--

Charlton, W., for loan^of drawing, facing 174

Clarke, Henry, for drawings of old spade, 63, of axe, 273, and of ' crusie/
283

Corder, W. S.. for plan of Wallsend, on p. 42, and photographs facing 44,
46 and 157 ; of Pink tower facing 160, and of Bewcastle cross, facing
220

Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian Society, for loan of block,
227

Downey, J., & Sons, for photograph of Bishopwearmouth tithe barn,
facing 96

Fletcher, W. L., for photographs of Lanercost, facing 216 ; and of
Naworth gateway, facing 234

Gibson, John, for rubbing of Catherick brass, 88

Gibson, J. P., for photograph of Bewcastle cross, facing 220

Gissing, Algernon, for plan of Brandon chapel, 132

Gregory, Rev. A. R., for photographs of Ulgham cross, &c., facing 75

Hodgson, J, C., for photographs of Warkworth tithe barn, facing 63

Hornby, The Right Rev. Bishop, rector of Chollerton, for loan of block,
156

Irving, George, for drawings of ancient doorway, Castle- garth, New-
castle, 37, and of mortar, 273

Kilburn, Henry, for photograph of St. Helens Auckland church, facing
261

Knowles, W. H., for drawings of Chipchase castle, 32-34

MacLeod, Rev. R. C., for photographs of Mitford manor house, facing
55, of Widdrington church, facing 81, of Chibburn, from N.W.,
facing 86, and of Mitford church, facing 99 and 100

Middleton, Sir A. E., for drawing of Trewick seal, 163

Mowat, R., for plaster casts of Roman coins, facing 72

Nelson, Ralph, for plan of Blyth harbour, 260

Newcastle Chronicle, proprietors of, for loan of block, 168

Northumberland County History Committee for loan of block, 166

Oswald, Joseph, for drawing of corbel, &c., Newminster abbey, 74,
photographs of Ancroft church, &c., facing 186 and 189, and of
Askerton castle, facing 216

Peirson, H. T., for photograph facing 140, and plan 141

Phillips, Maberly, for photograph of grave, facing 118

Reid, A. & Co., for photograph of leaden cistern head, facing 93

Reid, Geo. D., for photograph, facing 144

Robinson, John, for photograph of inscribed stone, facing 90

Rutland, earl of, for plate of Etal castle, facing 200

St. Hild's, South Shields, vicar and churchwardens of, for loan of block
of font, facing 278

Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, for loan of block of Rede seal. 31

Vll

Steavenson, A. L., for photograph of Dacre tomb, Lanercost prio r y,

facing 234
Stephens, D. H., for photograph of Mitford castle, facing 55 ; and of

Whitburn tithe barn, at bottom of this page

Stephens, Rev. Thomas, for drawing of grave cover, Corsenside, 164
Tankerville, the earl of, for plan of cist, Kilham, 91
Taylor. Thomas, for blocks of Widdrington castle, facing 82 ; and of

Chibburn, facing 86
Thompson and Lee, for photographs facing 158 and 161 ; and Plummer

tower facing 160

Walton. J., for photograph of quern, facing 146
Welch, Charles, for photograph of Roman slab, facing 72
Wooler, Edward, for photographs, of mortars, facing 4, facing 64, 66,

68, of plan, 65 ; and block facing 68 ; for photographs of Darlington

inscription, facing 93 ; of Roman inscription, facing 93 ; and of

Piercebridge camp, etc., facing 124 and 130 ; and of plan, 127 g '. ;

WHITBURN TITHE BAHN.
From a photograph by Dr. D. H. Stephens of North Shields.

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

p. i, between lines 14 and 15, insert 'Presents : thanks were voted for the following.'

p. 31, ' Rede of beryth to his crest a bushe of reedys gold bound with a corde geules.'

' Thomas Wall's Book of Crests,' see The Ancestor, 12, p. 79.

p. 54, line 8 from bottom, for ' secured ' read ' second-hand.'

p. 72. See a very interesting notice (by F. Haverfield, F.S.A.,) of Julius Verus, the Roman
governor of Britain named on the Tyne slab, in the Proceedings (xxxvm, p. 454)
of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

p. 77, line 10 from bottom, dele ' on the opposite ' ; and insert ' 75 ' after ' page ' on line 9.

p. 78, line 12, dele 'and.'

p. 80. See also ' Notes on Ulgham ' by'J. Crawford Hodgson, Berw. Nat. Club Trans, xvi, 67.
'Capella beati Marie de Wyderyngton.' Arch. Ael. xin, 342. Mr. MacLeod is of
opinion that ' the churches of this district suffered much in the Scottish raid of 1177,
hence the similar character of the work at Hartburn, Bothal, Brinkburn, Wid-
drington, &c.'

p. 81, plate facing, for " PISCINA' read ' PISCINAS.'

p. 87. See also ' The English, or Sixth, Langue of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of
Jerusalem, a brief sketch of its history, compiled by a Committee.' (Charles
Cull & Son, Houghton Street, Strand. W.C., price I/-.)

p. 90, Mr. T. Taylor notes that ' only one or two instances of English tankards with pegs arc
known, and these are attributable to York and Hull.' He also says that ' no doubc
the 4th mark ' on Mr. Thorp's tankard ' is the single castle.' Line 1 of note 9, for
' Gra ' read ' Grace.' Mr. William Brown points out that there is a pedigree of the
Catherick family in the Yorkshire Visitations of 1584 and 1612, ed. Jos. Foster,
p. 255,

p. 103, line 31 for 'WILFRID' read 'WILFRED.'

p. 108. The small tankard exhibited by Mr. T. Taylor, was made by Eli Bilton, the New-
castle silversmith, and bears the Newcastle year mark for 1705.

p. 125, lines 47 and 50 : Mr. R. H. Edleston, F.S.A. of Gainford, writes that the Roman
inscriptipns formerly at Gainford ' were sent to Durham by Mr. Headlam on his
own initiative, without the knowledge of his churchwardens ' ; he also states that
' the Roman altar was not part of the chancel arch, but the eastern capital of the
south-east tower pier.'

p. 136, line 4 for ' Pheshey ' read ' Pleshey.'

p. 138, line 6 from bottom, for ', Duddos' read 'Duddo.'

p, 143, line 32 for ' Pulhose ' read ' Pulhore.'

p. 160, .Hue 39 for ' Carliol tower ' read ' Plummer or Carliol Croft tower.'

p. 165, line 15 for ' Rev, C. Williams ' read ' Rev. E. Williams.'

p. 180, line 22 insert 'Thompson' after 'Richard,' and lines 24 and 27 for ' William' read
'Humphrey.'

p. 181, line 33 for 'Timothy' read 'Thomas.'

p. 184, line 38, read ' merchants.'

p. 187, bottom line, ' That lowest of ecclesiastical foundations in England, the capella, a
building devoted to the purposes of religion, but without any tithe, and some-
times without the liberty of having the rights of baptism, burial, and the nuptial
benediction performed within its walls. These arose in many of the parishes.'
'Hints on the nature, purpose, and resources of Topography. 'Proc. Archaeo-
logical Institute, Norwich, 1847, p. 90.

p. 198, line 8 for ' vacan ' read ' vacant.'

p. 217, line 40 for ' 2 acres ' read ' 20 acres ' ; line 45 for ' Mote ' read ' Mott ' ; line 49 for
'Rjcheson' read ' Kichison ' ; and for 'Bernehurst' read <Barnehurst.'

p. 218, line 5 for ' 21 June' read ' 20 June,' for 'baifT read ' bailiff' ; line 20 for 'made a
' fray ' ' read ' ran a foray ' ; line ^9 for ' Graimes ' read ' Graime,' and for ' arrears
read arrear' : line 30 for '18s.' read 18d' ; to note 6 add 134, 138, 141, 142, 253,
254, 357, 379, 554, 558.

p. 219, line 18 for ' Ednill ' read ' Ednell ' ; line 24 for ' demesnes ' read ' demeanes ' ; line
43 for 'churchyard ' read 'church'; to note 7 add 558, 562, 568, 571, 575, 766,

p. 220, line 15 for ' century' read 'century.'

p. 226, line 1 of note, in two places for 'feet' read 'inches.'

p. 231, line 29 for ' poormen ' read ' puermen ' ; line 33 for ' Hollers ' read ' Hollus ' ; line
41 insert 'Lancelott' after 'Thomas' ; line 43 dele ' us' ; line 44 for 'the' read
' this ' ; line 45 insert ' corner ' in the blank space ; line 49 for ' sergeantry ' read
' sergeantcy ' ; to note 7 add 187, 307, 318, 568.

p. 232, line 21 for ( ' Quinton ' read ' Quintin ' ; line 43 for ' Witton's ' read ' Welton's ' ; line
46 for ' bowilis ' read ' bowels ' ; line 52 for ' were ' read ' are ' ; line 53 for ' hearing '
read ' revenge ' ; line 54 for ' this ' read ' the.'

p. 233, line 1, for 'no' read 'not'; line 4 for 'services' read 'service,' and dele 'the';
line 5 for ' this ' read ' the ' ; to note 9 add 604, 605.

p. 274, lines 33 for ' illam '-read ' ilium ' ; 36 for ' pictoris ' read ' pistoris ' ; 37 and 40, for

Job ne read ' Joh'nis ' ; 42 for ' p'quisunt ' read ' p'quisivit ' ; 43 for ' villa ' read

ville, and for 'Will'mo' read 'Will'mus'; 45 for 'quibus' read 'quibusdam';

46 for 'Maii' read 'M'cij'; 47 for 'hospitali' read ' hospitalis ' ; 50 for 'fine 1

read finem ; 51 for ' sequi' plenie ' read ' sequen plenarie ' ; 52 for ' domini ' read

'dommis ; 55 for 'uniqui hab'm' read 'unquam habui.'

p. 275, line 3 for ' clamen ' read ' clametim ' ; 5 f or ' exigue ' read ' exigere ' ; 7 for ' sumis '
read ' sumus ' ; 10 for ' omni ' read ' omnes ' ; 12 for ' opposuit ' read ' opposui ' ;
24 for 'painter' read 'baker.'

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 1.

The ninetieth anniversary meeting of the society was held in the
library of the castle, on Wednesday, the 28th January, 1903, at two
o'clock in the afternoon, his grace the duke of Northumberland, K.G.,
F.S.A., the president, being in the chair.

Several accounts recommended by the council for paynu"
ordered to be paid.

Mr. William James Gibson of Bedlington, R.S.O., Northumberland,
was duly elected an ordinary member of the society.

The following NEW BOOKS, etc., were placed on the table :

From prof. Hulsebos, hon. member, the writer : Verslag aangaarde het
Museum van Oudheden van het Provincial Utrechtsch Genootschap
van Kunsten en W etenschappen wer 1901-1902. 8vo., pp. 8.

From don Manuel de Berlanga of Malaga, the writer : ( 1 ) Fragmento
decia Epistola Romana, pp. 23 ; (2) La Mas Antigua Necropolis
de Oades, dec. de la Hispania, pp. 40 ; (3) Deacubrimiento Arque-
ologico viripiada en el Tajo Montere, pp. 36; and (4) Estudios
numismaticos, pp. 39 ; all large 8vo.

From Mr. E. Wooler of Darlington, the writer : (1) The 'Scots Dyke'
traced from Forcett camp > a stupendous pre- Roman work (reprint
from the Northern Echo); and (2) a photograph of the late W. H. D.
Longstaffe when a young man (from a painting of 24 Ap. 1850).

From the Rev. E. J. Taylor, F.S.A., of Durham : an old deed on
parchment of 13 Aug. 1655, being a bond by 'ffrancis Comyne of
Whitby, gentleman, Mary Comyne of the Citty of Durham,
spinster, and John Newton of the Towne & County off New-
castle vpon Tyne, gentleman', to ' John Martin of the Citty of
Durham, gentleman', in the sum of 20Z. the condition being that
if the said F. Comyne, Mary Comyne, and John Newton perform
the covenants in a deed poll of even date, the same should be void.
The heraldic seal, in red wax, of John Newton, attached, other
seals gone ; attested by James Cholmeley, Cholmeley Wright,
Tho. Tonstall, James Carr, Isaack Gilpin, and George Burne,

Exchanges:

From the British Archaeological Association : Journal, N.s. vm. iii.,
Oct. 1902 [contains 'Notes on Flemish brasses' by Andrew
Oliver, including that of 1411 (p. 196) of Roger Thornton in
All Saints church, Newcastle ; also a paper on Lindisfarne priory,
by the Rev. H. J. Dukinfield Astley 1 ] ; 8vo.

From the Numismatic Society of London: The Numismatic Chronicle,
4 ser., No. 8, 1902, pt. iv., 8vo.

From the Clifton Antiquarian Club : Proceedings, pt. xiv., vol. v.,
pt. ii., large 8vo.

From the Cambridge Antiquarian Society : Proceedings, 4 July,
1901 to 4 Aug. 1902; 8vo.

From the London & Middlesex Archaeological Society : Trans-
actions, N.S. i. iv., 8vo., 1902.

From the Bristol & Gloucester Archaeological Society : (1) Trans-
actions, xxv. i., and (2) A Catalogue of Books, etc., from the
library of the late Rev. David Royce, presented to the Society, with a
Memoir, 8vo.

From the Royal Irish Academy : Proceedings, (3 ser. vi. 4) for July
and Aug., 1902, vol. xxiv., sec. C., pt. i.

From the Royal Society of Sweden : Manadsblad for 1897, 8vo.

From the Yorkshire Archaeological Society : Journal, 66, 1903, vol.
xvii., ii., 8vo. [contains (p. 153) an ' Inventory of the Goods of
Thomas Percy, earl of Northumberland.']

From the Powys-land Club : Coll. Hist, and ArchL, relating to

Montgomeryshire and its Borders, pt. 62, Nov. 1902, xxxn. i.
Purchases: The Reliquary for t Jan. 1903 ; The Northern Genealogist,
v. iii. (Dec. 1902) ; The 'Antiquary for Dec. 1902 and Jan. 1903 ;
Notes and Queries, Nos. 257-265 ; Mitthelungen of the Imperial
German Archaeological Institute, xxvu. i. & ii., Rom, 1902 ;
Catalogue of Ancient Deeds, iv., large 8vo. cl., 1902 ; and plans of
Ancient British earthworks, original drawings by the Rev.
Edw. A. Downam [tenth instalment of 10, consisting of Farley
Mount, Walbury, Ashe, and Danebury, Hants ; Wimbledon and
Oystershell hill, Surrey ; Castle Hill, Mangrave Wood, Castle
Toll and Preston Woods, Kent. The other nine instalments
previously obtained are : Theryn Dinas, Caer Bran, Lesingey
Round, and Castel an Dinas, Cornwall ; Kingswear, and Milber
Down, Devon ; Cadbury, Yeovil, Pen Hill, Pen Castle and
Milbornewick, Tedbury, Wadbury, Newbury, and Hamden Hill
(in 4 parts), Somerset ; Powerstock Castle, Eggardon Hill,
Chilcombe, Abbotsbury, Poundbury, Maumbury Rings, Maiden
Castle (in 2 parts), Weatherby, Woodbury, Downs, west of
Dorchester, Spettesbury, Rawlsbury, Hamilton Hill, Wareham
(in 2 parts), Cranborne Castle, King's Court Palace, Gillingham,
Badbury, Dudsbury, Buybury, Knowlton, and Hod Hill, Dorset ;
Quarley, Ashley, Worlbury, Merdon Castle, and Cromwell's
Battery, Hants.]

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. George Irving, a printed document, addressed to Charles
Sharpe, esq., of Hoddom, Ecclefechan, giving particulars, &c., of
the rules, &c., of Correction Houses. It is endorsed 'Correction

1 Mr. Astley's two papers on Holy Island, extracted from the Journal of the British
Archaeological Assoc., have been printed separately, and are to be obtained from the
author, the Rev. H. J. Dukinfteld Astley, East Rudham Vicarage, King's Lynn, Norfolk,
price one shilling.

House, Dumfries, 1794.' The following are the partiaulars of the
Bridewell at Newcastle :

" I. The men prisoners are kept in proper rooms separate from
the women ; their work is beating hemp or flax, teazing oakum,
or chipping logwood ; and as the Keeper has no salary but the
benefit of their work, except Is. per head gaol-fees, he is under
the necessity either of providing something for them to do, or
receiving no profits. The men begin their work always at six in
summer, and at day-light in winter ; each having his task to do
according to the discretion of the Keeper.

II. The women prisoners beat hemp or flax, if there is plenty
of that work to do ; but they are mostly kept in spinning linen,
factory yarn, or in spinning woollen yarn, or in knitting if nothing
else can be got, for they must be employed in doing something ;
each woman has her task to do the same as the men ; in linen
yarn they are to spin 12 cuts per day on the short reel, if any
other work, as much as the Keeper thinks proper. The women
begin their work at six o'clock winter and summer ; a light is given
them, to make on their fires before six in winter, for that purposes

III. The Corporation allow each prisoner 2d. per day for sub-
sistence, which 2d. is given to each prisoner every morning at
eight o'clock, when a woman attends on them, and goes and buy.
what each prisoner chooses to have to the value of their 2d., or
if they have any other money of their own, she lays it out for
them : generally they have some friends or relations who bring
them victuals, but this is not allowed unless they behave well ;
and if they do not their work well, Or do not perform their task /
the town's allowance is stopped off them, according to the old
proverb ' They that do not work, are not to eat ;' and no strong
beer, or spirituous liquors, are allowed to be brought to them
on any account ; if any of them are sick, the Corporation provide
them a surgeon.

IV. The prisoners in each room have coals and water given
them every morning, as much as will serve till next day, the
water being brought by pipes into a lead cistern in the inner
yard for that purpose ; they have wood bedsteads, clean straw,
and three coverlids to each bed, for them to lie on ; the straw is
changed as often as the Keeper pleases.

V. The prisoners in each room are to white wash and clean
their rooms, as often as the Keeper thinks it necessary ; whiting
and sand are given them for that purpose ; the Keeper is to pay
a particular attention to this the cleanliness of the prisons and
the prisoners, for the sake of their healths ; if those who are com-
mitted for a long space of time want necessaries, and they have
no friend or relation to give them any, the Corporation generally
order the Keeper to buy them such cloaths as they are in want of,
in order that they may be kept as clean as possible ; the Corpor-
ation likewise allow them bibles and prayer-books, to read in
their leisure hours.

VI. The Corporation provide a convenient and decent house
for the Keeper to live in, joining the prisons, that the prisoners
may be more immediately under his eye and inspection ; he has
likewise coals and water found him gratis for the use of his family;
and there is a convenient yard for those prisoners that are con-
fined for any length of time, to walk in at the discretion of the
Keeper.

VII. The Corporation find every implement and tool for
working, such as blocks, mells, spinning wheels, &c. &c. and every
other necessary they may want in cooking their victuals, as
pots, mugs, washing tubs,, &c. &c."

By Mr. E. Wooler of Darlington, photographs of two bronze mortars.
The larger is 5 ins. deep by 4 ins. diam. at bottom, 6| at top,
with the inscription : LOF GOD VAN AL ANNO 1631. The smaller
is 3 1 ins. deep, by 4 in. in diameter at base, and 4 at top. (The
illustrations facing this page shew these mortars.)

[In the collection of the society in the Blackgate museum there are
two bronze mortars of similar pattern. One 5in. high by 5|in. in dia-
meter bears the same inscription and date as the larger belonging to Mr.
Wooler ; the other 3in. high by 5|in. diameter, is earlier and bears
the word AMEN in Lombardics, repeated four times.]

By a member (per Mr. R. Blair) : A number of documents relating

to the county of Durham, etc.

1. " Copy of a Grant of Langley from Robert Bishop of Durham
to Henry de Instila (or Lisle) :

Universis christi fidelibus presens scriptum visuris vel audi-
turis, Rob'tus Dei gratia Dunelm' Ep's Sal't'm in D'no Sempit-
ernam. Noverit universitas vestra nos dedisse concessisse &
hac presenti charta n'ra confirmasse dilecto & fideli n'ro Henrico
de Insula p. Homagio & Servitio suo totum Manerium de
Langeley cum p'tinentiis quod fuit eschaetum Ecc'iae n'rae
Dunelm' H'end' & tenend' eidem Henrico & Heredibus suis vel
suis assignatis de nobis & successoribus nostris & Eccl'iae Dunelm'
in perpetuum libere quiete pacifice & integre cum omnibus Liber-
tatibus & aysiamentis ad p'd'cum manerium pertinentibus et ad
omnimodum proficium suum inde faciendum Beddendo inde
annuatim nobis et successoribus nostris ad scacarium Dunelm'
dimidiam Marcam Argenti ad quatuor terminos in Ep'atu Dunelm'
constitutes, et faciendo sectam ad omnes Curias Dunelm' &
forinsecum quantum pertinet ad vicesimam partem feodi unius
militis pro omnibus aliis servitiis consuetudinibUvS exactionibus
& demandis. Volumus etiam et concedir.ius pro nobis et succes-
soribus nostris quod p'd'cus Hen'cus et heredes sui et sui
assignati communicent cum omnibus animalibus et averiis suis in
forinsecis pascuis et pasturis nostris et successorum nostrorum,
et quod totam terram ad dictum manerium pertinentem omni
tempore anni sep'abilem habeant & illam includere possint p.
voluntate sua, et quod idem Henricus & Heredes sui et sui
assignati et omnes Homines sui liberi et quieti sint de panagio
porcorum suorum per forestas nostras et successorum nostrorum
et quod quieti sint de sectis Moleiidinorum nostrorum Et quod
idem Henricus & Heredes sui et sui assignati possint in dicto
tenemento Molendinum construere et habere p' voluntate sua, Et
de tallagiis cum contingerint sint quieti Et quod habeant
Housbote & Haybote per visum forestariorum nostrorum de boscis
n'ris et Successorum nostrorum In hujus rei Testimoiiium huic
Cartae Sigillum nostrum apponi fecimus, His Testibus &c.

It is presumed the Bishop who made this grant was Robert
de Insula who was made Bishop of Durham in 1274 upon the
death of Robert Stichell. the former Bishop.
C bservations on this grant

That notwithstanding it is called Manerium de Langley, it

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. I. (3 Ser.)

To face page 4.

Diameter at top 4| in., at bottom 4 in., depth 3g in.

Diameter at top 6| in., at bottom 4 in., depth 5 in.

BRONZE MORTARS.
[In possession of Mr. E. Wooler of Darlington. ]

seems as if the word Manerium in that grant intends only a
Manse or Dwelling by afterwards giving the Grantee a Power
to build a mill in dicto Tenemento. And that no moor or
Common is thereby granted, but only a common right by the
words, ' quod communicent cum omnibus animalibus et averiis
suis in forinsecis pascuis & pasturis nostris & successorum
nostrorum',' unless the words therein immediately after following
' et quod totam Terrain ad dictum Manerium pertinentem
omni tempore Anni sep'abilem habeant & illam includere possint
p' voluntate sua,' imply that some of the land thereto belonging
then lay open & was waste.

But the several surrenders from the Bishops since to Dorman
& Metcalfe, of Parcells of that very waste claimed to be
Langley Moor, and which Mr. Lambton now holds under such
surrenders are repugnant to this last construction of that grant .
Yet as the repetition of the word manerium in this grant would
be giving Mr. Lambton a stronger pretence to insist upon
Langley s being a Manor, when so called in the Bishop's own
evidence, should we produce and make use of this grant in
Evidence on a Tryal, it is proper to consult our councill in London
whether the Bishop should attempt to produce this grant or
leave it for Lambton to do as he probably may ; In which last
case the Bishop will be more at Liberty to put the above con-
struction upon it in his favour."

2. An incomplete document relating to the ferry across the Wear

at Sunderland :
"Rolls An. 1345, 1406, .1457, 1494, 1502, & 1508.

Vide sep'ales rotulos Computor. qui monstrant Epos. Dun.
habere passagia & his Ferryboates apud Sund. et computa
pro faciendo novos batellos seu cimbos allocat. Dominus rex Edw.
4. demisit Rob't. Bertram Burgu' de Sund. cum o'ib's proficias
ad nide spectan. Et passag. ultra aquam de were etc. Habend.
dvrante vac. Sedis Dun'. & quamdiu temporalitates manerent
in manib's regis, red. 6 s an ad scac 1 ;.!. Dun. Et dictus rex providere
cymbam p. d'co passag. Rot. cl. Laur. Epi. mem. No. 56.

Concessio Burgi pred. A Ferry boat seu passag. ultra aquam
de weare &c., p. cartam pol. Rad Bowes & Sequilis suis
secund. cons. cur. halmot. &c., 18th Oct r , 22 Eliz. 1590 Rot.
cl. p.m. Barnes, 10.11.

Compotum Auditor. Episc. & cancellar. ejus de redditibus
Burgi & passagij trans rivum per ferry boat &c. Annis 1 Hen.
2; 19 Ed. 3; 7 Hen. 4 ; 5 Hen. 5 ; 36 Hen. 6 ; 17,18, 24 Hen. 7
Registro 2< l . & C. 15, 32 Ed. 3. Rex. Ed. 4, sede vacante
demisit Rob. Bertram &c. ut supra.

22 Hen. 7. Ch. Bainbrigg &c. demisit Ro. Bowes &c. 32 Eliz.
1590. Math. Hutton &c. demisit Ro. Bowes &c. 1729, The
demise to Wm. Lambton was of the Borough with the Courts
Markets fairs Tolls anchorage Beaconage &c., and to Walter
Ettricke of the ferry boat, passage, the metage & Tolls of
Herbs, Fruit, & roots, &c., for 21 years.

The express Language of the Leases, was ' Of all those his
[the Bishop's] Ferryboats of Sunderland &c., and the passage
' over the water part or River of Sunderland, with free egress,
' regress, and landing over the said water for all carriages &
' passengers, over both sides of the s d water,' &c.

The evidences are all to be found in the Rolls of the Bishops
Courts.

The Dean and Chapters Records have of late years been shut
up w th great jealousy. The only references I am possessed of
are to two of their Registers or Cartularies, but they lead to little
discovery, tho' they give an apprehension that the Prior
anciently claim'd a passage. There will be no means of opening
their Repository to give you satisfaction ; but by your own
address to the Chapter.

The minits are : Vide evidencias prioris Dun. q'd passagia
batelli Sund. est p. firmarium levat. absque dimissione Epi Dun.
& injuriore Sup. Prior em usurpat nullo redditu inde d'no E'po
solat, seu priori Dun., 1, Cart. 313. Evidenc. p. passagio int.
Monkweremouth and Sunderland. 4. Cart. 299.

This last reference would perhaps produce some ample dis-
coveries.

If the Monastery had any ferry boat right, it must have been
by special grant from the See, or by ancient custom ; the
evidence of either have never come under my eye. I have
several ancient Inquisitions taken by the Admiralty Court of
the Bishop of Durham, but find no presentment for a Boat as a
usurpation against the Bishop.

EXCHEQUER Mich. Term. 4 K. la. 2. Sir Jn Williamson,
Bart., & Dame Dorothy his wife in Mich. Term. 35 Car. 2,
exhibited their Bill ag* Nath 1 . Lord Bp of Durham &
Geo. French stating that being seized in fee of the cell or
Monastery of Monkweremouth, were seized of the soil of the
River were to the middle thereof as far as their Lawes extended
on the north side of the River, and were intitled to the privilege
of BEACONAGE, ANCHORAGE, PLANKAGE, & WARFAGE on the
north side of the said River. On hearing the cause & reading
divers records, the Court determined that the Privileges of
BEACONAGE, ANCHORAGE, & PLANKAGE, were privileges
properly belonging to a ROYAL PORT, & that the pfs were
incapacitated to hold the same." [Here the document, in which
there are several palpable errors, abruptly ends.]

3. "A trewe Rentall of the Balywicke of Byshoppmiddlehame

written June 23rd 1595
Mydlame, Mr. George ffrevile for the Lease of the De-

Mannor maines & Dippwell x n xij d

And for the Copiholde Lande in the occupa-

con of Mr. ffrevile vj u vj s viij d

Sedge- John younge 4 maile oxgang viij s

feilde Robt. Johnson 3 maile ox' vj s

maile Ric: Bocherbye one maile ox' ij s

landes Wed. Hickson 2 maile ox' iiij s

Rich: Chippchaise 2 maile ox' iiij s

The said Rich for an olde rente xx d

Wed: Johnson 2 maile ox' iiij s

Rich: Swineborne 3 maile ox' vj s

John Watkine one maile ox' ij s

John Bellerbye 1 maile ox' viij s

Lance' Maison 4 maile ox' viij s

Robt: Maison 5 maile ox' x s

Dyonas Maison one maile ox' is

Rich: Gibson one maile ox' ij s

Rich. Browne 2 maile ox' iiij s

John Hickson 2 maile ox' iiij s

Robt Todde one Cottage xij d

John Bigbye one cottage xij d

Edmunde Smythe one cottage xij d

Robt Maison 2 cottages ij s

Least Robt. Walker one cottage xij d

35s.7d.ob.

Sedge- Robt. Johnson 3 bonde oxgange ij s ix d ob. q.

feild John Hickson 2 bonde ox' xxij d ob.

bonde Wed: Johnson 4 bonde ox' iij s ix d

landes John Watkine 3 bonde ox' ij s ix d ob. q.

wch I Mr. Swifte 3 bonde ox' ij s ix d ob. q.

clayme, John Close 2 bonde ox' xxij d ob.

aspcellofLance' Maison 2 bonde ox' Copie xxij d ob.

my fee, as Wed. ffleathino 2 bonde ox' Copie xxij d ob.

all other Adam Wheatley one bonde ox' xj d q.

balifes Anthony Hyndmers 2 bonde ox' xxij d ob.

haithe Rich: Gibson 2 bonde ox' Copie xxij d ob.

had here-Robt Walker one bonde ox' xj d q.

t:>fore John Herrison 2 bonde ox' Copie xxij d ob.

John Potter 2 bonde ox', L xxij d ob.

Cuth: Gibson 2 bonde ox', L xxij d ob.

Robt: Mattinson 2 bonde ox', L xxij d ob.

Rich. Browne 3 bond ox', L 2 one Copie ij d ix d ob. q.

Itm Farme & Land of the tennantes of
Sedgefeild, 3 wheate Sheaves of everie oxgange

26s. 8d. Cuthbt Athie, for a tennemt wch ever heretofore

Mains- did belonge to the balife of Middlam xx s

forthe Wed. ffarrowe for a free rente vj s viij d

Wed. Morlande a pound of pepp'

4s.Middlame towne- Mr. George ffrevile xij d

shipp the wch I Robt. Stellinge xij d

clayme as p'cell of Hughe Moore viij d

my fee as other Wed. grenell vj d

bailifes haithe had Rich. Huchinson vj d

heretofore. Rich: Carter iiij d

15s. Cornefourthe John Wrighte ix d

towneshippe wch Wed ffrissell ix d

I clayme as p'cell Lance Selbie xviij d

of my fee as other James Colledge xviij d

balifes haithe had Wed. Armestronge xiij d ob.

heretofore. Thomas Littster xviij d

Wed. Middleton ix d

Henrie Herreson xviij d

Lance. Akess xviij d

Jarrard Herreson xiij d ob.

Raiphe Weaddowes xxij d ob.

Nicholas Laibrone xiij d ob.

Itm I ame to haue of the tennanntes of Corne-
fourthe x bushells of Oates after the
olde measure belonginge to the office.

The some of mr. wardes Rentall due & pay-
able by him to my Lord xxj n xvj s

whereof he haithe paied Sums by himself

& oth rs xvij H xj d

Robt the collr. of Sedgefeild

account of the said Money due to my L sett downe

the pticular names who paide it to him. And if I haue
receyue it yt shalbe allowed.

And for the sev'rall somes of xxxv s vij d ob., iiij s , xv s
appearing in this Rentall claimed by the Bailif to be his ffee and
the Come likewise, what is Collected hereof by the said Collectr
it must be reserued to my L vse and not paied to the Balif till
my L be acquainted therewith."

4. ''The whitsondaie Rent 1608.
Bondgate, Auckland.

Henry Maugham x s iiij d

Henry Maugham ij d

Leonard Pinckney viij s x d

Stephen Brasse ii s

Mr. Baynes for Robinson

land viij s vj d

Baynes for wren land . . . vj s x d
Baynes for Parlet land. .xv s vij d
Baynes for Blythma' land xxiij d

Anth. Smithe xij d

Jo. wa stell xxij d

Tne fire Schoole 2 vj d

Henry Bayles 3 x s x d

Henry Bayles vij s ij d

Henry Bayles vj d

Henry Bayles ij s

Hen.BaylesforGrymist(?)v d

Hen Bayles ii d

Hen Bayles iiij d

Jo: Conyers for pcell of

Grym: xij d

wedow Carr xij d

S r Charles wrenn iij s viij d

Willm Bras v d ob

vxor Somer xx s x^

Bryan Downes xiij s

Henry Maugha' v d

Brvan Belt . .

Anthony Alleson xij d

Anthony Alleson xx s j d

Anthony Alleson for his

cottage xij d

Rich: Lynger ij s

Tho: ffremde iiij s

Tho: ftremde ij d

vxor Skowles iij s l v d

Tho: hodgeson v s viij (

Tho: hodgeson for p. of

Barberland iij d

Tho: hodgeson for pcell

of ffaireland vj d

Tho: hodgeson for his

f rehold i d ob

Dorithie Grice v 5 vij d

Tho: hall meadowes . . . .vj s

Ellen Daunport v s vij d

katheren walker iiij d

Mr. hedworth x d

Thorn: Bayles iiij s

Richmond close iij s

2 In the herald's visitation made by Richard St. George in 1615 it was declared that
Henry Bayles of Newton Cap was not entitled to bear arms. The Charter for North
Auckland Grammar School granted by king James on the petition of Ann Swyfte of the
city of Durham late wife of Robert Swyfte of the aforesaid city deceased (he was pre-
bend of the first stall, and Rector of Sedgefield), was given at Westminster on the
seventh day of September, in the second year of his reign over England, France, and
Ireland (1604), arid this document recites that there shall be twelve discreet and honest
men appointed as governors and Henry Bayles is one of the twelve. He attended their
first meeting and was constant in his attendance up to, and including the important
meeting of 9 July 1640 (the first under the Commonwealth) when the bishop was removed
from the list of governors, and Hugh Wright of Windlestone was elected in his place.
There in an entry of four lines at the side of this minute, thus : Master displaced ;
Ecclesiastical Dignities now abolished and the Revenues seized by the Parliament. On
the 8 January, 1643, Toby Wright of Windlestone, gent, was elected in the place of
Henry Bayles deceased. The Newton Cap Estate was purchased by Mr. Bacon of
Staward le pele about 1695. John Bacon's name is entered in a Book of Rates for the
Township of Newton Cap in 1703. R.N.

Rich: Trotter vj s viij d

Thorn: Adamson vj s viij d

Mr. Pollard iij s ix d

The pynder of west Auck-
land viij s ij d

The moore close xxiij 5 4 d

The preist feild v s

Willm Stock iiij d

Peter Copp'thwaite . . . .iiij d

Anthony Cradock iiij d

Willm Midleton iij d

Robart Grice iij d

Robart Grice i d ob

Robart Grice ob

Jo: Robsonn iij d

S r henry Bellasis iij d ob

The white house i d

The Chappell of St. Anne v d

Mereday wright iij d

Leonard Pinckney xij d

Leonard Pinckney ij d

Barres Green j d

Jo: Richeson iij d

Jo: Richeson xij d

vxor Skowles xij d

Georg Robinson xij d

Jo: Tallentire vj d -

Willm Robson xij d

Tho: Askew vij d

Willm Stock . . -. xij d

Elizabeth Robinson . . . .xvj d

Michaell vasey xij d

Wedow Midleton xijl

J. Robinson xij d

Alice Shorterigg xij d

. . White xij d

Rich: Tomson xij d

John Swainston [inter-
lined 'w: hutton']. . .xv d
Jo. Sympson [interlined
'Richard Thomson'] . i d

Cheppelow vj d|

Willm Trotter j d b

Thomas Bayles iij d

Robt Tweddell viij d

Tho: Adamson vj d

the old walke mylne .... xx s
the new walke mylne . . . xx s

the lyme pitte ij d

Soncleys closes xvj s

the whinny close iij s iiij d

Barberland xj s viij (

the wynde mylne xx s

Summa xvj n xix s x

5. A document on a sheet of foolscap paper endorsed ' Survey of ye
Demesnes of Durham, 1619.' At the beginning are the words ' From
regr 2 d tempore Ricardi Epi 1618. A survey made ye 31 May 1619
of ye Demesnes of Durham, w th each p'ticular meadow & Pasture' in
bishop Chandler's handwriting :

DURHAM DEMAINE. ac. TO. per.

1st. The Heather Meadow called by ye name

of Bishops Meadows containing 18 1 33

The farther meadow 15 3 17

The brode wood in Francklin 200 1 12

The ox Close in Francklin 68 1 17

The Meadow Close in Francklin 14 2 35

The Rye field in Francklin 70 2

The Gate feild in Francklin 8 2 35

The Leeses 43 2

The Calfe Croft 6 2 21

The House & Fould 10

Brass side Common 92 3

Sum 438ac n 2ro. 14per.

Whereof the Bishops meadows are 34 1 10

and within Francklin 311 2 4

and Brass side Common 92 3

All these being added do make ye whole sum
afores d to be ... .438ac. 2ro. 14per.

STOCKTON DEMAINE.

1st. The Parke 213 4

Thornes with ye Horse Close 62 2 30

Heather winter field 38 3 6

ac. ro. per.

The feild at Park Head 50 2 16

The Middle winter feild 64 2 1

Great Summer feild 105 2 33

Kellsey Hill 75 3 25

The Castle 2 1 20

The Smyths bank . . 30

The Orcharde 3 26

Sum 426ac. Iro. Iper.

DEMANES IN LEASE.

William scurrfeild houldeth Low Sund lands 35 3 1

And also Boes feild containing 141 311

Tho s Lambert ye further new close 12 2 32

And the Meadow by Bells Close 50

And also the west rowe Close 2 3 24

The Tenants of Stockton houldeth by Custom

the Heather new Close 27 2 40

And Court ffeild 170 11

And also Bells Close & Hall burne 107 11

For the w ch they pay rent unto the Bayly of -

Stockton xxiij 11 xiiij sh

The Grainge feild without coppy of Lease . . 225 2 24
And payeth rent .... iiij 1 xiij s
The Tenants of Horburne houldeth Court lees
without Coppy or Lease & payeth rent
the sum of 44 s 4 d to ye Bailiff of Stockton.

Lustrows Meadow 39 3 12

Kitchens Meadow 130 8

Norton North Meadow 192

Sum 816ac. 2ro. 19per.

The whole sum of all is 1244 30

DEMAINE OF AUCKLAND.

1st. The Park within the Walles & pales is .. 6521 8

The Stewards Close 21

The File Close 15 2 30

The Bough Meyers 12 1 20

The Bank before ye Castle 3317

Sum 686ac. 3ro. 35per.

The Moore Close is in Lease and containeth . . 285 3
The whole sum of all ye Demaines in Auck-
land is 972ac. 2ro. 35per.

Copyhold Land in Escombe lately improved

1st. The East feild 162 2

The Middle feild 97 1

The West feild 8 1 30

Sum 348ac. Oro. 30per.

ESCOMBE.

The Lord hath 4 acres & 16 perches allowed
for waste in the East field

The ould enclosure in the Midle feild 49 8

The Hurst in divers parcells 165 1 26

The Carr 65 1

The Launde 61 3

Mr. Beltes old enclosure by ye Common .... 44 2 18

The Bankes & Battes 26

West Haugh 52 1

East Haugh 22 22

Sum 486ac. Iro. 14per.

The whole sum of all Escombe is 834ac. Iro.
4per. which being divided into 12 lands
and a halfe there will be 67ac. 23 per. to
every Land

BLACKWELL COPPYHOLD LANDS. aC. TO. per.

1st. The South feild 252 12

The East feild 223 3 18

The North feild 212 1 28

The ox pasture 170 32

The Moor 224 3 34

The Horse pasture 4"! 35

The Horse Meadow 71 1 21

Under the Bank 153 3 10

Long lanke alias long Draught 61 6

The Holme 62 2 26

Sum 1473ac. 2ro. 12per.

Whereof there is to be deducted 30ac. wch
belongeth unto Darrington so resteth
1443 acres 2 Roods & 12 pearches to be
divided equally into 54 oxgangs & a
halfe so yt each oxgang is to have 20
acres and the rest to be the Lords waste
wch amounts to 353ac. 2ro. 12 per.
And the Town of Blackwell hath allowed unto
ye Lord but 20 acres so that by the above
account they have reduced the Lord of
his waste 333 acres.
Grange Close belongeth to Cockerton Divided

into 3 parts contain 1 ' 1 302

STANHOPE.

1st. Citten berge & ye House & Fould .... I 2 26

The little Close 41 28

The Home hill meadow 4010

The Horse hawe Meadow 4 2 36

The haugh wth hanggen Gates 198 1 19

The Height 343 2 14

The Side 121 10

Newgate Meadow 10 22

Cammakegle Meadow 60 4

The Oxen Close 4 1 24

The East Corn Green 9018

Low Green 6 1 32

Gerse Greene 8 2 38

Green heade 9 28

Sum 73 lac. 3ro. 29per.

WM. FETHERSTON OF THE PARK HOUSE.

1st. Side urse pasture & park head 53 2 24

The Great Meadow 68

Castle feild Close 62 1 39

The Calfe Close 3 3 23

New Close 6 2 37

Tamers eyle & 6 day work 31 2 13

Sum 226ac. $ro 5per.

MATHEW WHITTFEILD OF HORSLEY HEAD.

Mathew Whitfeild hath 4 parcells marked
with A.B.C.D. :

ac. ro. per.

A. containeth 7 1 19

B. containeth 23 3 38

C. containeth 32 23

D. containeth 23 1 10

Sum. ..... 86ac. 3ro. lOp.

44 Beast Gates in byllen.

LEEY & ATKINSON OF CUMBERLAND

1st. Leese House & fould 2 1 28

Atkyns Close 12 2 2

Atkyns Meadow 2 1 37

Leese Wood containeth 22 2

Leese Midle Close 10 2 16

The Meadow 31 8

The Coylhie Pasture 127 3 10

Sum 209ac. Iro. 21per.

RALPH TROTTER OF LANGLEY

Langley Pasture 21 2 31

The Corn Close 4 1 23

The pingle meadow ground 9 3 35

The Hazells 36 2 2

The Side Dole 27 3 9

Sum lOOac. Iro. 20per.

HELD BY OFFICE

Scabbes dyle 10 1 12

14 Beast Gates in Billen

RICHARD EM K SON

The Dyle 9 1

14 Beast Gates in Bylen

DEMAINE

The ffirth 210

The spring House 48

Customary Land within Stanhope Park .... 1517 12

Leased Land within the Park 1274 3 20

Demaines 258

Sum 4149ac. 3ro. 32per.

AN ABSTRACT OF ALL THE SUMMARY. ac. TO. per.

Durham 438 2 14

Stockton 1244 30

Escombe 834 1 '4

Blackwell 1473 2 12

Cockerton 302

Bedburne Park 466 24

Auckland 972 2 35

Berkley Wood 251 2 38

Stanhope Park 4149 3 32

Sum tot' 10133ac. Oro. 29per.

By Thomas Burdett."

[At end a note by bishop Chandler, ' Chester Cavils Surveyed in ye
same rog[, p. 323. Osmotherly Survey in pt. p. 326.']

[On back in the same bishop's handwriting

' p. 393. A large common in ye Moors of Shinkcliff belonging to

ye Grange of Quarrington containing 108 acr. enclosed 1620.

p. 395. Wharrington & Shinkly Moors divided by consent

of Bp. of D & Ch.
Leave to enclose at Norton.']

6. The next paper, also on a sheet of foolscap paper, is endorsed by

bishop Chandler ' An extract out of ye book of ye Rents &
revenues belonging to ye BP of Durham w th Mr. Fetherston's
*" M inf ormacon concerning ye leases in Stanhopp : '
"A note of such Offices as are vseless, together with ye Salaries p d to

ye respective Officers out of the Excheq r at Durham. li s. d.

To the Keeper of Awkland Parke 4 : 06 : 08

To the fforester in Werdale 1 6 : 13 : 04

To the Keeper of Stanhop Parke 5 : 13 : 06

More 31. Ss. not pd of late.

To the Forrester of Frankland 2 2 : 17 : 00

Not pd of late yeeres.

To the fforrester of Birkly 1 : 10 : 04

To the Pallaier of Awkland Parke 1 : 10 : 00

To the Surveyo r of the Cole mines 2 : 00 : 00

Not allowed of late.

To the Keeper of manno r of Awkland 2 : 00 : 00

To the ffeodary of the Bp 6 : 1 3 : 04

To the Constable of the Castle of Durham 17 : 00 : 00

Offices void.
The Prothonotary no fee

To the Baliffe of Wolsingham 2 : 00 : 00

To ye Steward of ye Borrough Court at BP

Awkland 1 : 06 : 08

The Summe totall of ye BP' of Durhams revenue. I. s. d.

Darlington Ward ye ancient revenue 746:18:06|

Chester Ward 462:03:11

Easington Ward 439 : 06 : 09

Stocton Ward 344 : 07 : 10

The mines of cole 301 : 09 : 00

Forreigne receipts 057 : 04 : 03

Forrests & Parkes 170 : 02 : 02

Ecclesiasticall pencions 088 : 13 : 00

Escheate lands 000 : 15 : 02

Holden & Holdenshire 461 : 17 : 05

Allerton & Allertonshire 225 : 03 : 09

Gateside bridge 003 : 02 : 00

Summa totalis 3301 : 03 : 10

The jura Regalia of the Palatine of Durham &\

the Perquisits of ye Halmot courts valued V 500 : 00 : 00

to be worth ^ ann' 3 J

The demeasne lands . . 347 : 1 : 00

The revenue of ye Bp is 4148 : 13 : 10|

Wherof to be deducted in ffees to Patentees &

Pentioners 274 : ():'. : f 9

Rests de claro 3874 : 10 : 01 .|

More ye Kings rent to be deducted & ye de-
cried rents the tenths .

i The Deere being all destroyed. 2 The Woods destroyed

;J Wardships taken away ye Jura Regalia little worth.

Nov. 27 th 1660 Mr. Fetherstons Informac'on concerning ye leases at
Stanhopp

Mr. Jno. Emerson Maior of Newcastle this yeere holdeth \
a lease of Eastgate for Hues wherof 2 or all are dead he lets /
it to his under Tenant (widow Emerson) at 1021. p. arm. V 1201
There is a very good house upon this farme wherin any (
Gent' may Hue it cost him 5001 )

Lance Trotter held a lease of for 21 y. wch /

are now this last Mich'mas expired ye clere yeerely value j> 50
(& so let to Emerson ye widow) is 501 )

Ralfe Andrson of Ovingham held a lease of one halfe of )
Sundrland farme for 21 yeeres wch are expired 7 yeeres I 20
since worth 201. ^ ann' & so let to Mich : Thompson . . . . j

Tho. Emerson holdeth ye other halfe but his old lease ( ^n
from ye Bp. is expired worth as before I

Toby Pilkington holds a lease of Park house for 3 1 fi ~
Hues whereof 2 are dead worth & so let yeerely 601 f

Mr. Greeve a M r chant of Newcastle who married Geo. j
Whitfields widow held a lease of Horslyhead for 21 yeeres I __
expired 4 y since worth & so let to widow Emrson (
501. $ ann. There is a good tenants house on it '

7. The following document, written on a sheet of foolscap, is en-
dorsed, * Papers belonging to ye Bishoprick of Durham. Ye Chapter
appeal to ye Bp as visitor ' :

"Die Martis Vicesimo Septimo (vizt.) die Mensis Julij A D'ni
1686 Inter horas Nonam et Duodecimam ante Meridiem ejusdem
diei, In Domo Capitulari Eccl'ise & Cath'lis Dunelm' Coram Hon bli
Viro lohanne Mountagu S. T. P. Rev di in Christo patris et D'ni
D'ni Nathanaelis providentia divina Dunelm' Ep'i Comisinario
ad infrascript' 1'time constitut' In p r sentia Mei loh'is Rowell
Notarij Pub'ci.

Negotium Visitationis Eccl'ise'j Emanavit Monico con a Decanum et

Cath'lis Dunelm' ad rogatumj Capitulum Canonicos Majores, Canonicos

et Supplicationem Duorumf Minores cseterosq' ejusdem EccPise Minis-

d'cseEccl'iaeCanomcorumSive/tros, ad Comparend' istis die horis et

p r bendariorum (vizt) loh'isl Loco ad subeund' Visitationem humoi:

Morton et Gulielmi Graham J Quibus die horis et Loco introducta

S. T. P. I Monicone Sive Citatione Ep'ali in hac

parte emanat' cum Certificatorio Authentico debitae Execu-

tionis ejusdem et Schedula eidem Certificatorio annex' nomina

Canonicorum Major' et minor' aliorumq' dictae Eccl'iae Ministro-

rum et Omciarioru' ad Subeund' Visitationem humoi Monitor'

et Citator' in Se continen' D'nus Com rius eosdem sic Citatos

p r conizar' jussit, Quibus publice prconizat' D'nus Decanus

Nonnullisq Canonicorum Majorum et Minorum Ministrorumq'

p rd personaliter Comparuerunt prout Super eorum Nominibus

in d'ca Schedula denotatur ; Tune d'cus D'nus Com rius ex

parte Rev di in Christo patris Visitatoris petijt vera' Copiam

omnium et Singulorum Actorum Sive Decretorum Capituli pen-

dente Visitatione Ep'ali d'ci Rev di patris Eccl'ise Suae Cath'lis p rd

A D'ni 1685 celebrat' factorum et ordinatorum, Quam quidem

Copiam D'nus Decanus in Manus d'ci Com r 'J dedit et Deliber-

avit, Deinde D'nus Com rius rogavit a d'tis M ro Morton et D re

Graham Causus Sive rationes hujus Visitationis a D'no Ep'o

rogandi et Supplicandi: Unde d'cus M r Morton declaravit Se

gravatum esse per Georgium Wheler Militem hujus Eccl'ise

Canonicum Sive p r bendarium in Vendicando Senioritatem Sibi
p r fato loh'i Morton ut Canonico Sen p r bendario d'cse Eccl'iae
debit', ac de jure et Statutis ejusdem Eccl'iae Spectan' et
pertinen', Et humil r petijt Determinationen Visitatoris in ea
parte, et d'cus Dcor Graham Similr petijt et Declaravit ; Tune
dcus Georgius Wheler Miles Canonicus Sive p r bendarius antedcus
Exhibuit dco Dno Com rio Causas Sive Rac'ones in Scriptis de
Senioritate p. eum petita con* d'cum M rum Morton et quoad
j)rem Graham Senioritatis rogac'oni renunciavit. Unde d'cus
Com rius Terminum assignavit ad Consulend' Superinde
cum D'no Ep'o et Visitationem humoi continuavit et prorogavit
usq' ad et in Diern Veneris Decimu' Nonum (viz*.) Diem Mensis
Novembris prox' futur' horis et Loco p rd et Monuit o'es et
singulos p r sentes adtunc ad Interessend'.

19 Nov. 1686, Coram loh'e Mountagu, S. T. P. Com"
p r sente. J. R.

Negotium Visitatioriis, &c. Continuatur et prorogatur Visitatio
humoi in hos diem horas et Locum Ad Audiend' Voluntatem
Dni Com ri J Super Copia Decreti Capituli Sibi Dat' et Sup' Causis
sive rac'onibus p' D'num Georgium Wheler Militem de Senioritate
p. Eum petita con a loh'em Morton S.T.B. hujus Eccl'iae Canoni-
cum Dat' et Exhibit', in hos diem horas et Locum Quibus die
horis et Loco D'nus Com rius anted' cus dedit et Exhibuit mihi
Notario publico p rd Sententiam Declarationem Sive Determin-
ationem Rev di in Christo patris Dni Episcopi Visitatoris antedci
de et Super p r missis in Scriptis concept' et Sigillo Suo Ep'ali
Sigillat', eandemq' a me publice perlegi Jussit qua Sic perlecta
D'nus Com rius eandem inactitari et Reg'rari jussit, et Visita-
tionem humoi usq' in Diem Decimum Nonum mensis Julij
prox' sequen' inter horas ejusd' Diei Solitas continuavit et
prorogavit.

Md Cop' hujus act' dat' Decano. Postea Nil act' Sed lapsa est
hsec Visitatio."

8 " Dispensations granted by the King to ye dignitaries of Durham."
(a) " George R.

GEORGE the Second by the Grace of God King of Great Britain
ffrance and Ireland Defender of the ffaith and so forth To all to
whom these Presents shall Come GREETING WHEREAS it hath
been humbly Represented unto us That our Trusty and Well be-
loved John Mountague Dr. in Divinity Dean of our Cathedral
Church of Durham is detained at Peterborough in his Road to
Durham by an Illness that has there seized him so that he cannot
possibly keep his statutable Residence there which was fixed for
the Twenty first day of this instant October, nor considering his
great age he being upwards of seventy two be in a capacity to at-
tend the Grand Chapter Audit which is to be held on the twentieth
day of November next ensuing ; WEE therefore taking the pre-
mises unto our Royal Consideration Do out of our Princely Grace
and ffavour dispense with his Residence on the said Twenty first
day of this instant October, and also with his absence on the said
Twentieth of November next, Reserving to him the said John
Mountagu the same power by Letter to Chuse Chapter Officers, to
nominate to Livings, and all other his Decanal Powers as if
he was actually Resident upon his Deanery, as also all Profitts
and Advantages to him belonging, as if he was then and there
present, whereof all persons concerned are to take due notice,

And in order thereunto our will and pleasure is, that these pre-
sents be Registered in the Registry of our said Cathedral Church.
Given at our Court at Saint James's the Tenth day of October
1 727 in the first yeare of our Reign

By his Majesties Command
Peterburgh."

[Two endorsements : one of them in bishop Chandler's hand-
writing 'Dr Mountagues dispensation.']
(6) " George R.

Trusty & wellbeloved we Greet you well, Whereas our
Trusty & well beloved Robert Offley Master of Arts & Rect r
of Abinger in our County of Surrey has by his Petition humbly
represented unto us, yt he has been many years one of ye Pre-
bendaries of our Cathedral Church of Durham & constantly
kept Residence there, but being now above seventy years of age,
& ye distance between his said Rectory & our City of Durham
being more than two hundred miles, he is not able to bear the
fatigue of so long a journey, wherefore he has humbly prayed us,
yt in consideration of his Age & Infirmities we wou'd dispense
w th his Residence, we are graciously pleased to condescend [to his]
Request, & do accordingly by these presents dispense w th his
Residence & attendance on ye usual Chapters there for &
during the Term of two years, his turns of preaching in our s d
Cathedral Church only excepted, And our will & pleasure is, yt
you do from time to time allow unto him the s d Robert Offley, so
long as he shall continue Prebendary of ye s d Church all Rights,
Profits, dividends, benefits, advantages & emoluments what-
soever to ye s d Prebend in any wise belonging or usually al-
lowed on acct of the same, in as full & ample a manner
as any Prebendary actually Resident doth enjoy ye same or as
he the s d Robert Offley might enjoy them, if he were actually
Resident in the s d Church, any Statute, Custom, or Constitu-
tion of ye s d Church to ye contrary notwithstanding, with all
wch we are pleased in this case graciou'sly to dispense & do
dispense by these presents according to ye power in ye Statutes
of ye s d Church reserved unto us, & so we bid you Farewell.
Given at our Court at St. James ye 30th day of April 1739. In
ye 12 year of our Reign.

By his Majesties Command

Holies Newcastle."
[Superscribed To our Trusty & well beloved the Dean & Chapter

of our Cathedral Church of Durham.']

9 A petition of 28 July, 1798, of the debtors in Durham prison:

" To the Rt. Reverend Father in God Shute Barrington Lord

Bishop of Durham

The petition of the debtors in Jail Durham

Humbly Sheweth

That your petitioners with Just sorrow and regrett in this Our
present unhappy situation lament that we are under the necessity
of Addressing your Lordship by petition on the present occasion
As we doubt not but you will allow that what we wish for is just
and reasonable and that it will be thought so by your Lordship.

Our desire is if it meets with your Lordships approbation to

have the present contracted hours of admittance enlarged so far
as your Lordship thinks right, at present its a hardship added
to our present situation that when our wives, Children, friends, or
Creditors cannot be admitted nor go out but between the Hours
of Eight O'clock in the Morning and twelve at noon, of each day,
and they cannot be admitted after twelve on Saturday untill
eight on monday after tho on the most pressing emergancy, and
perhaps strangers in the place and has no doubt traveled Twenty
or Thirty miles, this is hard, and truth and there is not such a
Rule we presume in any Goal in England, besides there is no
attendance by the turnkey as he has both this House and the
House of Correction to attend which takes off his attention from
us in looking for an enlargement to this our petition we shall
think Ourselves bound in duty to respect your Lordship,

& shale ever pray, &c."

[Signed by Edward Routledge, Robt. Paxton, Chris. Wilkinson,
Robt. Self, Robt. Grant, John Harrison, John Taylor, Joseph
Wood, Robert Bainbridge, sen. and jun., John Robson, Thomas
Simpson, James Currie, and Jane Branch."

Endorsed : ' Debtors Petition, July 28, 1798.]

10. All the documents which follow relate to Stanhope and neigh-
bourhood, the mines, and law-suits relating to them :

(a.) " The case betweene Wharton & Hall drawn up as thus by
George Wray & fit for the Lord Bpp of Durham to
understand & consider.

1. The Lo. Bpp of Durham above Sixty yeares agoe grants
to Mr. Whartons Ancestors a patent for tearme of life expressing
as thus: That he is Mooreman als. Moorem r of all the Moores,
waste Ground & soile within the parrishes of Stanhop &
Wolsingham with power to digg Mines for ye wineing of Lead
ure, soe that it be not iwithin any mans severall or inclosed
ground.

2 dl > Mr. Whartons Ancestors enjoyed this patent for life
& did renew it about foure or five discents before any lease that
Hall had or any for him. Now I conclude in law & reason that
Mr. Wharton neither had or hath (by the expressed words of that
patent) due to any Interest there, but Moores & waists of wch
he hath one Great Moore called Bollyhoope, another called Stan-
hop Hoope both in Stanhop parrish, & other large Moores in
Woolesingham parrish wch are noe stinted pastures, but every
man may put on wt he pleases without limitacon. Therefor
Moores & wasts : And these Mr. Hall challengeth noe Interest
in, & further Mr. Whartons Ancestors & his, haue, doe &
probably may worke Lead mines by the vertue of that patent in
these two particulars abouenamed.

3 dl y ffor the fforrest wch is all stinted pastures, mans
severall and inclosed Grounds I hold it plaine that they are
excepted in Mr. Whartons patent, & though he haue enjoyed
them without any molestacon, till this question, he either did or
was to Accompt to the Bpp for them & soe not in him.

4thi> jy[y reason is this Mr. Halls father who tooke the
former Lease (before this wch is now in being) in Alphonsus
Bulmers name, wch was the first lease wch ever was taken of the
Bps of these Mines, ffor he looked into Mr. Whartons patent &
ground & found that all severall & inclosed grounds were

free for any man to take, & soe accordinly went to ye Bp
& acquainted him with the same, & so the Bp granted
him a Lease & reed a Considerable fine of him in moneys, &
reserveing the Lot or such a rent for him & his successors.
And his lease was granted in these very words, all Copy-
holders, all Customary Tenants & all Leaseholders in Wooles-
ingham & Stanhop parish in Wearedale.

Sthiy it is to be considered that it had beene an high wrong
in ye Bp 3 waies as thus ffirst to grant away from Mr. Wharton
w* he had granted before to him, & now Mr. Wharton con-
ceives & stands upon the same as his right ; & it was as great
a wrong in the Bpp to receive Mr. Halls money, & grant him
that w ch he cannot injoy, & Srdly the greatest wrong as it
plainely appeares to himselfe if he had not plainely vnderstood
w* he did but both by the expresse words in the patent & ye
lease it is plaine he did.

gthiy N OW sixthly & lastly Mr Halls father understood
all this in his former lease wch was taken about eight &
Twenty or Thirty yeares agoe, & urged & alleadged all this
to S r Arthur Haselrige when he first begannne his commands here,
but Mr. Hall being a papist & a delinquent could have no
Justice nor right from him, but carried all before him, And there-
for this is a Just & true reason why Mr. Hall could not question
Mr. Whartons patent before this time. And for ye whole point
wch Mr. Wharton stands soe upon, wch is his continuance by
severall patents. All Mr. Halls councell doe possitively affirme,
It is a cleare point to all ye Inclosers wch were but a Moneth
before the last patent & soe to the whole fforrest, that is all
severalls & stinted pastures haue beene & dayly are Inclosers
taken of the fforrest, & may be all, or likely to be in time,
with the consent of the Customary Tenants without any
p r iudice at all to the Bp."

[Endorsed : ' Mr. Wm. Hall Lead Mines. Co : Geo Wreys opinion '
followed in bishop Chandler's handwriting : ' upon a dispute
between ye moor master & Mr. Hall Lessee of ye mines in ye
enclosed grounds.']

(6) A paper endorsed 'Bill & answer. The case between ye Rector
& Bp' is, with the notes which are in the margin of the
original document, entirely in the handwriting of bishop
Chandler. It is here given:

" The|Bishops of Durham have been possessed very antiently of
ye Lordship & Manner of Stanhop & ye Moors or Wasts
in Weredale, w ch are 30 miles or more in extent belonging to
the said Mannor.

The Bishops of Durham have likewise for some hundreds of
years backwards used to let Leases for a short number of years or
for one life of the land on the Wasts or Moors to such persons as
were desirous to search for Lead, with which the Wasts abounded.

The Rent reserved in these Leases, as far back as we can trace
them, was only the Ninth Horse Load l of Oar (called the 9th Lot
or part) as soon as it shall begotten & demanded by the Bishop's
Officer appointed to receive it.

i A Horseload is a certain number of Bing wch is always ye same.

These are ye words in Bp. Walter Skirlaws Lease of the
Mines dated Dec. 1, 3 Hen. 4th, 1401. 2

And ye same thing is given upon Oath by ye Jury empaneled
to enquire into ye rights of ye Bp of Durham in Stanhop &c.

To the Interrog 9. what Mines belong to ye See & what rent
do they pay. Answ. : S r Wm. Bowes Moormaster pays ye
Bishop the Lot oar wch is ye 9th Horse Load.

In Hen. 7th's reign ye then Bp [Thomas RuthalJ lets 2

groves in ye wast ye Reddendum yeilding & paying

to ye said Bp. every 9th part or of ure & covt. to do

to ye Lord etc. 3

After ye Decease of Hen. VII.

The Bishop appointed a moor man or Moormaster & granted
him y 1 office by patent for his life with all ye Mines on ye wast
or moor & with authority to agree with persons to search for
& sink pits for a certain time, reserving to ye Bp All
singular such Lead Ure as of right or custom is due to ye
s d Bp. within ye Forrest of Weardale. 4

These patents were renewed from time to time down to 1667
with ye like Reddendum with small variations ' Yeilding &
paying to ye Bp the Lot ure according to ye Custom.' ' The
Lot oar due & to be due according as now is & hath been
heretofore there used & accustomed.' 5

The Bp obliges ' ye Moormaster by Covt. for ye first time to
pay tenth to ye Parson viz., Bp. Pilkington in S r Geo : Bowes
Patent for Moormasters authorizes him to let Tacks or bargains
to any Person within ye parish to search for lead, under ye Cov ts
to continue working ye mines so discovered, & to pay lot for
ye said Bp. to ye Moor master, & tenth to ye Parson.

Henceforw d The Moor Masters or their Deputy, let leases
accordingly on the like conditions of working ; & of delivering
out, the Lot & tith in due manner ' ' to pay ye lot to ye Ld
& the Tith to the Parson as they do orderly fall ' 'At all times
to pay & deliver to the Moor Master All ye lot ure, and ye
tith to ye Parson, in such kind & form as ye same shall be due
wi th out collusion or deceit.' 7

1. From hence appears yt ye 9th horse load as soon as it
was gotten by ye Lessee & Demanded by the Bp. was ye 9th
part or Lot or antient rent of the Mines

2. That ye Bp. could demand & cary off his Lot in ye
first place & before ye tenth was got, if he so pleased

3. That ye Lessee at first, & afterwds ye Moor Master who
stood in the place of ye Lessee, was to answer the Lot to ye Bp.
and ye tith to ye Parson, & yt ye Parson had no demand or
concern immediately with ye Bp.

4. That there was a Custom for ye reckoning for delivery
of ve Lot oar or a due manner of Computing ye 9th part. wch
is called ' paying as ye Lot and tith orderly fall, & in such kind
& form as ye same shall be due.'

The Bishops Auditors Office in 1645 was plundered : & ye

2 19 Sepr. 37 Eliz. Agen 6 Hen. 5, Sep. 21, Thomas (Lankly) Bp of Durham grant
to Robt. Brass all ye lead ure in ye feild & mine in ye Blasedees for a year except ye
part wch belongs to God & Holy Church.

3 This is all yt is on ye Abstract of ye Grant. * 1 Eliz. 1558.

5 4 Eliz. 15<V2. Pilkington. 1641. Morton. 9 Eliz. 7 20, 27 & 30 Eliz.

antient book called the Moormasters book, refer'd to in some of
ye Leases, is also lost

There is no tradition of any dispute between the Bp. or his
Moormaster, & ye Rector, about ye manner of numbring the
horse loads for Lot & tith oar, down to ye Restoration

In 1660 Bp. Cosin granted the Moormaster' s Office & Mines
for Humph. Wharton, for his life, as ye Patents formerly ran,
paying the 9th lot to ye Bp. as his predecessors did.

In 1667 The said Hum. Wharton upon his petition to Parlia-^.
m 1 gets an act 'to enable ye s d Bp. & his successors, to
grant a Lease for three Lives of ye said Moor Master's Office & of
all ye mines on ye Moor, with an addition of cleaning & well
washing ye said oar' without deduction or demand for ye same,
or any other charges whatsoever ' & also an addition of 150H in
money rent. The Reddendum ' yeilding & paying for ye same,
the lot ure or 9th part of ye said lead ure, gotten in the said
Mines, from time to time, as the same shall accrue & be gotten,
clean & well washed' etc.

Then after Covenants to secure ye rents, at ye conclusion of
the Act, a proviso follows in these words ' PROVIDED alwaj's,
yt ye said Humf. Wharton, & his successors ye Moormasters,
pay or cause to be paid to Dr. Basire & his successors Rectors
of Stanhop, the Full tith or tenth part of All lead Oar dig'd won
or gotten out of all or any of ye said mines in clean well wash'd
& drest oar as soon as it is ready for ye smelting mill, w th out
abatemt for charges of getting of ye sd oar, or any other cause
w l soever. 8 Then a saving clause : to ye King & every other
person & Persons Bodies Politick & Corporate other than ye
said Bp. & his successors & every other person claiming by
or under him all their right and title, &c. y

The same year the Bp. granted Mr. Wharton a Lease for 3
lives w th ye Covenants for paying ye Lot Oar & ye tith accord
ing to ye Proviso, in ye very words of ye Act of Parliamt.

The Act being Passed, the Bp. agreed wth the Moormaster for
a money sum in lieu of his 9th Lot as ye Rector of Stanhop did
wth him for his tith.

And there is no footstep of Any dispute of the Rectors since yt
time with ye Bp. or the Moor Master about his tith oar.

Mr. Wharton sold his interest to S r W. Blacket, 1696 whose
Heirs still enjoy it.

W" the prsent Bp came to y e See 1730 he found the Lot
oar let by his prdecessor to ye Moormaster for 3501i, & ye
tith by ye Rector at 3151i. The difference between these sums
is 35li wch difference is in ye Proportion of a tenth to a 9th,
3r>li being ye 10th part of 3501i. So yt at ye time of making
this bargain it was believed on both sides, yt ye Bp's 9th part
was more by a tenth than ye Rectors.

A few years after ye present Bp's accession Mr. Blackett
applyed to him & had a lease for 7 yrs of ye 9th Lot at ye aforesd
Rent of 350, & ye Rector granted him also a Lease of his tith
at 315 li. That Lease being expired & a new Rector admitted,
the Rector resolves to take ye tith oar in kind. The Moormaster
p r tending yt he could not pay ye same rent in time of war as in
peace.

f Some variation from ye manner of payint of ye Bp's Lot.

o The Rector of Stanhop being not expressly excluded in ye saving clause, can he
set up any fresh claim.

As ye Bp. hath ye same common interest with ye Rector, they
join & appoint Agents to receive ye oar, & to dispose of ye
same. Mr. Blacket, he desires ye refusal of ye oar at an agreed
price & in paying for it, he paid ye Bp. more than ye Rector,
in proportion of 10 to 9, & so it was pd for 2 years with ye
knowledge & consent of ye Rector.

But now the Rector sets up a claim upon ye Bp for tithing
ye Bps 9th Lot & saith, it is ye report of the Country yt Dr.
rJasire who became rector at the Restoration & continued so
16 or 18 years after ye passing ye act of Parliam 1 , claimed
& obtained it. 10

If this be true, it is strange ye succeeding Rectors who were but
two to ye p r sent, did not keep to yt claim.

Agen if it be due, it seems not to be due from ye Bp., but
ye Moormaster who binds himself to pay ye full tith to ye
Rector, & ye Bps 9th pt (as his Predecessors did, wch are the
words of his Patent before ye Act) as ye same shall accrue.

But it seems not possible to be due to ye Rector, for then ye
Rector will receive a 9th part instead of a tenth for his tith ;
& ye Bp. a tenth instead of a 9th for his Lot, w ch certainly
was not intended. Some larger proportion & advantage was
intended ye Bp. beside ye priority of taking & carrying off ye
9:h horse, before ye Rector could tith. For suppose a Mine
afforded but 9 horse loads, ye Bp. was intituled to ye 9th & ye
Rector had no tenth.
The Rector replyes to this

In this way of reckoning ye 9th Lot to ye Bp. & then
carrying on his next 9th immediately from the former 9th the
Bp will have 2 Lots in 18 and the Rector but one Tenth. An-
swer : True & so would ye Bp receive but one 9th in 18 accord-
ing to the Rectors way of reckoning, viz., who would begin ye
Bp's second ninth with the eleventh Horse Load or Lot. To make
it evident in an Arithmetical way : 90 horse Joads do & should
pay 10 Loads to ye Bp. & 9 Loads to ye Rector & thus ye Bp's
right is in ye proportion of 10 to 9. Consequently if there be
but 10 Load ye Rector hath one load; if there be but 18, ye
Bp. hath 2 loads, ye Rector but one, & in 90 Load tho' ye Bp.
hath 10 loads the Rector hath his full tenth in his receiving 9
loads. Now deducting 10 & 9 loads i.e. 19 loads out of 90
there remains 71 Loads for ye Lessee or Moor master. But if ye
Bp. did not begin to reckon his 9th load till after ye Rector had
taken his 10th load, then there would remain 72 Loads for ye
Lessee out of every 90 loads. So yt ye Rector endeavour n
ye event, will be, to take one load from ye Bp. to give it to his
Lessee, & ye Rector will be quite out of ye question. For his
whole right of tith is satisfied by his re^eiviag 9 load out of
every 90. So yt the Rector, by this way of reckoning, wd only
injure ye Bp's Right without bettering his own Right for ye
19th Load wd then go to ye Lessee.

And lest stress should be laid on ye words in ye Proviso of ye
Act. For a full tith of all lead oar gotten out of all or any of ye
mines within ye Parishes of Stanhop & Wolsingham.

It must be remembred, that there is another old Lease of ye
lead ore in ye copyhold & enclosed lands in Stanhop of wch
we have copies from ye restoration before ye Act relating to ye

10 It is now 76 years since the act.

Mines on ye wast, w ch Lease is by mesne conveyance now in
Mr. Blacket.

In that Lease ye same words of a full 9th have been & are
inserted for paym* of ye 9th Lot for oar gotten in those Mines
viz., ; Yeilding & paying to ye said Bp & Sucessors one full 9th
part of all such lead oar as shall be gotten within the p r mises.'

The Rector claims a full tenth from these Mines here as well as
as from ye Mines on ye Waste and ye Bp. by ye words of ye
same Lease is also entituled to a full 9th. How shall these 2 rents
a full ninth to the Ld. with a full 10th to ye Rector be reconcild,
but by the Bps. having a right to carry off his horse load as soon
as gotten out of the mines & leaving ye Rector to take his 10th
of waat remains wn it is fitt to go to ye smelting Mill ? as ye
words in ye Proviso of ye Statute specific.

The truth is these are different paym ts on different Accounts.
Ye Bp. as Lord of ye Soil might let his Oar in ye reddendum of
any part of ye Oar, as well as ye 9th part. He might have fixt
a 5th or 7th for his Lot Oar And if he had done so, w n ye fifth
or 7th was taken off, he would have begun his next fifth or 7th
horse Load from ye immediate 6th or 8th, without staying for
ye coming of ye 10th, or skipping over ye 10th. The Ld's
rent is a paymt of a different kind, & is .-to be answered by ye
Moor master to ye Ld. The Rector must come on ye land, or
ye tenant. Q.I. Cannot ye Bp. at any time legally take his 9th
without any regard to ye Rector's claim of a 10th. (2 d ) Or if
you think ye Rector's demand extends to the whole produce, is
not y l demand to be made upon ye Lessee who covenants to pay
a full 9th Lot by ye act & his Lease to ye Bp."

Durham, ii th Octob r 1743.

(c.) " I have made a very diligent search in the Chancery Office,

thro' all the files & books, from the Restoration down to the year
1690, but cannot find during that time, that there has been any
suit in that Court any way relating to the Leadmines in Weredale,
Except that between Lord Crewe & Mr. Wharton, wherein your
Lord? has a copy of the ffinal order. And in the year 1664 a
bill was ffiled by Doctor Basire then Rector of Stanhope agt
severall persons for his dues of the Lead oar, & inclosed is a
Copy of the sd bill & of the answer thereto, but there are no
further proceedings in the Cause, save a Replication (in wch is
recited a very old Deed) a copy whereof I'll send to your Lordship
by the next post. I have been very carefull in this search, & am
confident that there have been no other Causes in that time, in
the name of the Attorney generall agt Wharton or Hall, or by
Hall or Wharton agt ye Attorney gnrall, or agt each other
I am my Lord

Your Lordships most obedient humble servt

In Mann"

[Endorsed in bishop Chandler's handwriting : 4 Mr. Man's Certi-
ficate y 1 no other proceeding to be found in their books, or
Papers in Chancery, relating to Dr. Basires cause, or any dispute
between y e Bp & Rector & Rector & Patentee or Bp & Patentee
or Hall & Wharton.']

(d.) " This Indre made the 2nd day of Jany 15 Geo: 3d 1775 Between
The R' Revd. Father in God John by the Grace of God Lord
Bishop of Durham of the one part & Thomas Dixon of Chapel
in Weardale in the County of Durham yeoman of the other part

Witnessth that the s d Revd. Fa r for divers good causes &
considerations him thereunto moving Hath demised granted and
to Farm letten and by these presents by himself & his succors
Doth demise grant and to farm lett unto the said Thos. Dixon
his exors admors & ass All those his Quarries of stone and Slate
whatsoever as well opened as not opened within the Parish of
Stanhope in the said County of Durham and not being already
in grant to any other person and full and free ingress egress and
regress to and from the same with Carts Carriages or otherwise
And Liberty to dig win work burn and carry away the same
Together with all and singular ways waters easements and
appurtenances thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining
And also all that piece or parcel of ground whereon the Castle of
Westgate in Weardale aforesaid formerly stood together with the
several pieces or parcels of ground thereto belonging or antiently
appertaining and now lying or which lately were lying waste And
all and all manner of ways waters easements paths passages
profits commodities and appurtenances to the same scite
parcels of Ground and premises belonging or appertaining Except
nevertheless so much of the said stone and slate as it shall please
him the said Rev. Fa r or his succesrs to dig win work or burn
for his and their own use & uses To HAVE AND TO HOLD all and
singular the said demised premises with their and every
of their appurtenances whatsoever (except before excepted)
unto the said Thomas Dixon his exors admors & assigns from
the making hereof for and during and unto the full end and
Term of Twenty one years from thenceforth next and immediate-
ly following fully to be compleat and ended Yeilding & Paying
therefore yearly during the said term unto the said Rev. Father
and his succors or to his or their Rec r Gen 1 or assignee for the time
being at or in the Exchequer at Durham the Rent or sum of 10s.
of lawful Money of Great Britain at the feasts of the purification
of the Blessed Virgin Mary Pentecost Lammas and Saint Martin
the Bishop in Winter by ever and equal portions without
Deduction or abatement for any manner of Taxes or Assesses
either by Act of Parliament or otherwise howsoever The first
payment thereof to begin and be made upon the feast day of the
Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary now next ensuing And if
it shall happen that the said yearly Rent or any part thereof be
behind or unpaid by the space of twenty days next after any of
the said Feasts or Days at which the same ought to be paid as
aforesaid That then and from henceforth it shall and may be
lawful to and for the said Rev d Fat r . and his successors into
the said demised premises and every part and parcel thereof
wholly to re-enter and the same to have again retain repossess
and enjoy as in his and their first and former estate anything
herein contained to the contrary thereof may arise notwithstand-
ing. And the said Tho s Dixon for himself ; his Heirs Exors.
Admors, & Ass s doth hereby covenant promise and agree to
and wirh the said Rever d Fa r and his succors That the said
Thomas Dixon his Exors. Admors. and Ass s or some of them
shall and will at all times during the said term well and truly pay
or cause to be paid unto the said Rev d Fat r & his succors,
the said yearly Rent above reserved at such days and times and
in such manner and form as is above limitted and appointed for
payment thereof. And also shall and will during the said term

duly and truly do and perform unto the said Rev d Fat r &
his succors, all such Customs Duties & |Services as for the said
demised premises of right ought to be done and performed. In
witness, &c "

[Endorsed: ' 2 Jany., 1775. Dra* Le. of Qua rs in Stanhope
& the Waste of the Scite of Westgate Castle to Thos. Dixon.
Term 21 years, Rent 10s. Od.']

ANNUAL REPORT, &C.

Mr. R. O. Heslop (one of the secretaries) read the annual report of the
council which may be seen in Archaeologia Aeliana, xxv., where also the
treasurer's balance sheet, and the curators' report are printed.

The balance sheet, read by Mr. Nisbet, the treasurer, shewed a balance
in favour of the society at the beginning of 1902 of 77 3s. Id., the total
income of the year being 604 9s. 10d., and the expenditure, 533 3s. Id.,
leaving a balance at the end of 1902 of income over expenditure of
71 6s. 9d. The capital invested with dividends was 85 2s. lid. The
receipts were from subscriptions, 345 9s. Od., from Castle and Blackgate
museum 155 16s. 6d., and from books sold 26 Is. 3d. The printing
cost, Archaeologia 161 12s. Od., and Proceedings 59 8s. Od., and the
illustrations 46 13s. 3d. New books have cost 48 10s. Od., and
expenditure at Castle and Blackgate was 106 11s. 8d.

Mr. T. Taylor, F.S.A., moved the adoption of the report, which, after
being seconded by Mr. Willyams, was carried new. con.

ELECTION OF COUNCIL, &C.

The chairman then declared the following persons duly elected to the
respective offices in terms of Statute V. which sets forth ' that if the
number of persons nominated for any office be the same as the number
to be elected, the person or persons nominated shall be deemed elected,
and shall be so declared by the chairman,' viz :

President : His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, K.G., F.S.A.

12 Vice-Presidents : Horatio Alfred Adamson, Robert Richardson
Dees, the Rev. William Greenwell, D.C.L., F.S.A., &c., John Vessey
Gregory, Thomas Hodgkin, D.C.L., F.S.A., &c., Charles James Spence,
Richard Welford, M.A., Thomas Taylor, F.S.A., Lawrence W. Adamson,
LL.D., Frederick Walter Dendy, Robert Coltman Clephan, F.S.A., and
John Crawford Hodgson, F.S.A.

2 Secretaries : Robert Blair, F.S.A., and Richard Oliver Heslop, M.A.,
F.S.A.

Treasurer : Robert Sinclair Nisbet.

Editor : Robert Blair.

Librarian : Joseph Oswald.

2 Curators : Charles James Spence and Richard Oliver Heslop.

2 Auditors : John Martin Winter and Herbert Maxwell Wood, B. A.

12 Council : Rev. Cuthbert Edward Adamson, M.A., Rev. Johnson
Baily, M.A., Rev. Douglas Samuel Boutflower, M.A., Parker Brewis,
Sidney Story Carr, John Pattison Gibson, George Irving, William Henry
Knowles, F.S.A., Rev. Henry Edwin Savage, M.A., William Weaver
Tomlinson, David Dippie Dixon, and the Rev. John Walker, M.A.

Letters were read from Mr. H. A. Adamson and Mr. L. W. Adamson
thanking the members for their election as vice-presidents, and regret-
ting their inability to be present. :

The business concluded with a vote of thanks to the chairman, on the
motion of Mr. Clephan,

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.
VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 2.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library
of the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, 25th February, 1903, at seven
o'clock in the evening, Mr. C. J. Spence, one of the vice-presidents,
being in the chair.

Several accounts, recommended by the council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The following ordinary members were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. William Goode Davies of Enfield Lodge, Elswick Road,

Newcastle,
ii. Tynemouth Public Library, North Shields.

The following NEW BOOKS, etc., were placed on the table :
Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From the Nova Scotian Institute of Science, Halifax, Nova Scotia :

Proc. and Trans, x. iii. (2 Ser. in.) 8vo.
From the Royal Ethnographical Society of Upsala, Sweden :

Skrifter, vn. 8vo.

Exchanges :

From the Archaeol. Society of Namur : Bibliographic Namuroise, by
1'abbe F. D. Doyen, in, 1831-1860; 8vo. Namur, 1902.

From the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A. : 8vo.
overprints from its reports, viz. : (1) ' The Mind of Primi-
tive Man,' by Franz Boas ; (2) * Traps of the American
Indians,' by Otis T. Mason ; (3) ' The Abbott Collection from
the Andaman Islands,' by Lieut. W. E. Safford ; (4) 'The
Fire Walk Ceremony in Tahiti,' by S. P. Langley ; (5)
4 Boomerangs,' by Gilbert T. Walker; (6) 'The possible Im-
provement of the Human Breed,' &c., by Francis Galton,
D.C.L., &c. ; (7) 'Order of Development of the Primal
Shaping Arts,' by W. H. Holmes ; and (8) The Develop-
ment of Illumination,' by Walter Hough.

From the Powys-land Club : Coll. Hist, and Archaeol. relating to
Montgomery <sh. and its Borders, xxxii. iii., 8vo. Oswestry, 1902.

From the Shropshire Archaeol. and Nat. Hist. Socy. : Transactions,
3 Ser. in. i., 8vo.

From the Surrey Archaeol. Soc. : Surrey Arch. Coll., xvn., 8vo. cl.

From the Canadian Institute of Toronto : (1) Trans., No. 14, vn. ii.,
Oct. 1902; and (2) Proc., N.S. n. v. July, 1902. 8vo.

From the Cambridge Antiquarian Soc. : Cambridge Gild Records,
edited by Mary Bateson, 8vo.

From the Cambrian Archaelogical Assoc. : Archaeologia Cambrensis,
6 Ser. in. i., 8vo.

From the Somersetsh. Archaeological & \Nat. Hist. Soc. : Pro-
ceedings for 1902, 3 Ser. vin., 8vo.

From the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology : Proceedings xi. ii., 8vo.

From the Royal Academy of History and Antiquities of Sweden :
Antiquarisk Tidskrift, xvn. i. & ii., 8vo.

Purchases Notes and Queries, Nos. 267 and 268 ; and The Antiquary
for Feb. 1903.

DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM.

Thanks were voted for the following :

From the North-Eastern Railway Co. (per Mr. Geo. Irving), the
carved jamb of an old fireplace from a destroyed house in the
Castlegarth, Newcastle.

From Sir H. W. Seton-Kerr, K.C.M.G., M.P. : Twelve palaeolithic

; stone implements lately discovered by him in pits in the

lateritic deposits at Poondi, 29 miles west of Madras ; they

were discovered under the same conditions as those found by

Mr. Bruce Foote 20 to 30 years ago.

From Mrs. N. G. Clayton, of Chesters : 56 iron arrow heads from
t the hoard found at Housesteads (Borcovicus) by the Excava-

tion Committee, three or four years ago.

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. J. D. Milburn (per Mr. F. W. Rich) : Four Roman coins dis-
covered at the foot of the Side, Newcastle, while digging for
the foundations of the new buildings to be erected there by
Mr. Milburn. They are of (i.) Severus Alexander (a base
denarius: obv. IMP ALEXANDER PIVS AVG; rev. MARS VLTOR);
(ii.) Gordian III. (3 M : rev. PROVID AVG) ; (iii.) Tetricus
(3 JE) ; and (iv.) Constantino II. (3 JE ; rev. Two Victories).

NEWCASTLE * DAGGER MONEY.'

Mr. F. W. Dendy, F.S.A., read an unfinished paper by the late
W. H. D. Longstaffe, on this subject.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Dendy by acclamation, and it was
unanimously resolved to print the paper in Archaeologia Aeliana.

Mr. F. W. Dendy next read'his paper on

EXCHEQUER COMMISSIONS AND DEPOSITIONS RELATING TO
NORTHUMBERLAND,

with abstracts of documents.

Mr. Dendy thought that it would add to the value of the documents
if they were collated with the originals, and revised, before being pub-
lished, and it was resolved, on the motion of Mr. Hodgson, seconded
by Mr. Clephan, that, as suggested by Mr. Dendy, the extracts be
compared with the originals at the cost of the society.

Thanks were voted by acclamation to Mr. Dendy.

THE BOMAN WALL,

Mr. Hugh W. Young, F.S.A. (Scot.), sent an extract from the MSS. of
Sir John Clerk of Penicuik, in the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, relating
to a visit to the Roman Wall in Northumberland : " 'About the end of
April, 1724, I took a journey to the North of England to see the famous
Roman Wall of England, which was first carried on by way of a vallum
and earthen bank * * * and afterwards fortified by a stone wall * * *
At Housesteads I found forty pieces of sculpture lying about, but as I
have written a particular journal of this little trip to England I shall say
no more here.' Among the MSS. papers at Penicuik House are 14
folio pages with sketches of inscriptions, etc. They are entitled ' Ane
account of some Roman Antiquities observed at Bulness on the Solway
Firth.' I do not think this paper has ever been printed."

Mr. Young was thanked for his communication.

THE ' CLASSIS ' OF UTRECHT.

Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following letter of 4 Mar.
1903, from prof. G. A. Hulsebos, Ph.D., of Utrecht, an honorary member
of the society : " Being occupied in the study of the archives of our
church I found a letter in Latin addressed to the Clasaia (an ecclesias-
tical term, indicating a group of local churches) of Utrecht by some
London preachers. In the idea that it might be of some interest for the
Society, of which I have the honour to be a member, I made a copy of it,
which I have hereby the pleasure to send you. I suppose it has been
written by some calligraphist, who did not well understand the Latin,
and made faults in transcribing the minute. At the foot of the pages
I have made some corrections and moreover put expansions of abbre-
viations."

The document referred to is as follows :

" Reverendissimi in Christo J. fratres Amoris vri 1 et charitatis
laborem in collectionis negotio intra Classicam vestram praecinctam
factae in opem afflictissimorum in Hibernia Protestantium agnoscere
nobis necesse est, quo liberalitatem vestram abundasse et omnium
precedentium exemplum multis parasangis superasse ingenue
agnoscamus ; regnum hoc eiusque compendium (celsissimam
scilicet honoratissimamque Parliamenti Curiam) ad gras 3 agendas
devinxistis, quas venerabili Theologorum Synodo una cum hisce
non solum vobis ofnciossime reddi precepit, verum etiam ad hoc
recolendum beneficium nos p r sertim 3 instanter provocavit, qui
mutuis amoris officiis amicitiam per totum hoc negotii peragendi
tempus vobiscum coluimus ab iis quorum fidei a Parliament et
nobis Commissionariis legati 4 ad vos commissa est certissime
accepimus vos intirno animi affectu commotos ' Sun deo' authores
impulsoresque felicissimos exstitisse ad populi benignitatem exitan-
dam et ad tantum fastigium quo nunc conspicitur perducendam.
Digitum Dei hie apparuisse manifesto liquet ut omnibus scilicet
nnotesceret et hoc opus ipsius proprium esse et eum sibi suo
quidem modo et mediis gloriam suam acquirere velle. Ideoque
vos certiores facimus charitatem vestram rebus protestantum miser-
rimorum quibus in Hibernia languescentibus tradita est tantum
solatii reddidisse, ut plurimos ab interitu servaverit. ffieri 5 aliter
non potest quin triticum suum seminanti Christo sua etiam zizania
iniiciat invidus. Hinc quam plurimi falsissimi accusatores exorti
et calumniae inter vos disseminatae a quibusdam si nostratibus
male feritatis tamen homuncionibus, quibus 6 suspiciones callide
1 vestri 2 gratias 3 praesertim 4 legatio 5fieri 6 qui

insinuare. hominum animos distrahere, amicitiam inter nationes
dirimere et hoc precipue negotium vix adhuc inceptum impedire
studiose conati sunt, Eo autem magis vos demeruistis quod falsis-
simis hisce malitiossimisque rumoribus aurem non praebentes
auxisse potius liberalitatem quam de beneficentia detraxisse videa-
mini ; Bummae prudentiae vestrae haud vulgare argumentum est,
quod nee male hisce artibus decipi, nee speciosis (sed falsissimis)
illecebris a proposito charitatis in calamitosos officio abduci potuis-
tis nee retardari, quod in honorem facti non solum omni posteritatis
memoriae tanquam monumentum nullo exemplo aequandum
recolendum praeponemus sed et arctori 7 unionis vinculo colligati
causam Dei populique eius propugnabimus adversus hominem
peccati eiusque parti addictos. A vobis autem contendimus ut
animum firmiter inducatis tempus idoneum aliquando affuturum,
cum ab iis ad quos comeatus 8 vester perveniebat vobis plenissima
ratio reddatur accepti beneficii, cuius gratia etiam nunc quam pluri-
mi famelici vobis benedicunt. Valde molestum esset falsis rumori-
bus ad impediendum negotium hoc apud vos sparsis sigillatem 9
respondere, quod eo magis omittere visum est, quod ordinibus vestris
celsisimis magnificisque generalibus et provincialibus iamdudum
a Parliamento satisfactum esse novimus a quibus vos ea de causa
certiores iam pridem factos nulli dubitamus ; si quid vero in dubium
vocabitis aut ampliorem istiusmodi obiectiunculis responsionem
desiderabitis, comissionarios et alios vobis in hac re per Parliamen-
tum iam missos et comorantes ad aliam satisfactionem daturos
praeparemus. Ideoque ab ulteriore molestia vobis creanda hoc
tempore abstinentes vobis persuasum iri cupimus
London 25 April 1645

Nos fratres esse vestros omni animi
affectu devinctissimos

(: -^^>c^^^^^^

Reyerendis Clarissimis doctissimis et pientissimis spectabilibus
viris dominis pastoribus et senioribus Classis Ultrajectinse fratribus
nostris in Christo dilectissimis colendis
Thanks were voted to Dr. Hulsebos for his communication.

7 arctiori 8 coinmeatus 9 singillatim

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 3.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library
of the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, 25th March, 1903, at seven
o'clock in the evening, Mr. Richard Welford, M.A., one of the vice-
presidents, being in the chair.

Several accounts, recommended by the council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The following ordinary members were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. M. C. Hill, Southend, Newcastle.

ii. Rev. Stephen Liberty, M.A., 12 Larkspur Terrace, Jesmond,
Newcastle.

The following NEW BOOKS were placed on the table :
Present, for which thanks were voted :

From Sir Lambton Loraine, bart. : Pedigree of Loraine of Kirkharle,
demy 4to., full calf, plates.

Exchanges :

From the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A. : Annual

Report for 1900, 8vo. cl.
From the Nassau Antiquarian Soc. : (i.) Mittheilungen, No. 1-4,

1902-1903. 8vo. ; and (ii.) Annalen, vol. xxxni., pt i., 1902.

Large 8vo. Wiesbaden, 1903.
From the Society of Antiquaries of London : Proceedings, 2 ser.

xix. i. Nov. 28, 1901, to June 19, 1902.

Purchases : 2 copies of The Chester Catalogue of Antiquities ; Notes and
Queries, Nos. 270-3 ; Mittheilungen of the' Imp. German
Arch. Inst. xvn., 3, large 8vo. Rom, 1903 ; and the Rev.
E. A. Downam's plans of 11 British Camps (original drawings).
[They are of Longville Ditches, Holdgate Castle, Bodbury
Ring, Norton, Clun Castle, Fron, Caer-din Ring, Bury Ditches,
Radnor Wood, Caynham, and Burrow, all in Dorsetshire.]

DONATION TO THE MUSEUM.

The following was announced :

By Mr. C. H. Blair : ' The royal arms of Great Britain and Ireland,
with supporters, helmet, mantling and crest, finely carved in
wood, as they were blazoned from 1714 to 1801. The shield in
the centre is surrounded by the garter and motto, has the motto

' Dieu et Mon Droit' on scroll below, and shews the following
quarterings : (1.) England (gules three leopards gold) impaling
Scotland (gold a lion rampant gules within a double treasure ;)
(2.) France modern (azure three fleurs-de-lis gold) ; (3.) Ireland
azure a harp gold); (4.) Hanover, viz., Brunswick (gules two
leopards gold) impaling Liineburg, (gold, powdered with hearts a
lion rampant azure) and in the base point Westphalia (gules a
white horse), over all, on an escutcheon gules, the crown of
Charles the Great, gold.' (See illustration on plate facing this
page. )
Thanks were voted to Mr. Blair for his gift.

EXHIBITED

By Mr. J. Nesbit, Elmbank, Jesmond (per Mr. Geo. Irving), the head
of an ecclesiastic in carved oak ' sawn from a corbel or truss,'
found at Low Chibburn. Northumberland. Its extreme length
is 16| inches. See illustration of it on plate facing this page.
[Mr. Irving read the following note : ' The photographs I here-
with send you are of a piece of oak carving which has evidently been
sawn from a corbel or truss, and represents an ecclesiastic of some
kind wearing a mitre. It belongs to Mr. John Nesbit, of Elmbank,
Jesmond. One of his ancestors lived at Low Chibburn, a precep-
tory of the Knights Hospitallers, of which there are considerable
remains. See paper by Mr. J. Crawford Hodgson, in Arch. Ael.
xvn. 263. and also xvm. 267, for note by the late Dr. Embleton.']

By Mr. David D. Dixon of Rothbury : seven swords, two fencing foils,
and two bayonets.

[Mr. Dixon said: " The rusty old swords lying on the table to-night
for the inspection of the members, excepting for their local interest,
are of little value to the sword collector. They have all been
given to me by people living in Coquetdale. It was at the suggestion
of Mr. Parker Brewis that they were brought for exhibition, and
after I have told their local history, he will, perhaps, tell us their real
history, where they were made, the names of the makers, as well
as the periods to which they belong, information that can only be
given by an expert like him. Personally I am indebted to Mr.
Brewis for this information, as I was ignorant of the age and use of
several of the weapons. Nos. 1 and 2, are simply modern fencing
foils, made at Solingen. No. 3, a bayonet picked up on the field
of battle during the Franco-Prussian war of 1870. No. 4, an old
English bayonet, said to have been the weapon with which the man
was killed at Lilburn Allers, near Wooler, in 1811. Nos. 5 and 6,
sergeants' or bandsmen's swords of the 19th century. No. 7, a
Spanish silver-mounted sword, formerly in the possession of Mr.
Ralph Strothers of Newton-on-the-Moor. No. 8, a hunting sword.
No. 9, a Pathan tulwar, picked up on the 28 Oct. 1888, after a
skirmish with Hassanzais, near Trund, in the Black Mountains,
Hazara, in the north west of India; this weapon was given to
me by Sergt. -Major Fraser, 5th Northumberland Fusiliers, by
whom it was found. No. 10, a cavalry sword, late 17th century,
for many years in the possession of an old Coquetdale family named
Bolam ; and No. 11, a cavalry sword, late 18th century, sent to me
from Saffron Walden."

By the permission of Mr. W. A. Watson-Armstrong, Mr. Dixon
also exhibited three cannon balls, " found by workmen in February,
1903, when digging a drain, near to the Armstrong Memorial

C/5

i 3

S
05
<

2 ft. 1 in.

Cottages, opposite to the 'Scottish Ford' on the Coquet. The balls
were found in a line of about 30 yards ; varying from 3 feet to 6
feet beneath the surface. From evidence given by the workmen
there appears to have been an older road beneath and near the
present one, as the bed in which the balls were found was hard and
resembled a proper made road. In the days of Scottish warfare
there was a constant marching to and fro of the English army, and
one of their routes was up the valley of the Coquet. These balls
may have been dropped on the way, or there may have been a halt
made there for the night. At all events it does not seem probable
they have been discharged from a cannon from the position in
which they were found. They are made of iron, and measure and
weigh respectively (1) 7 Jin. circumference, 27 J ozs. (2) 6|in. cir-
cumference, 21ozs. (3) 6 Jin. circumference, 16ozs."

By Mr. J. D. Milburn (per Mr. C. J. Spence) : The following additional
objects found during the excavations in the Side, Newcastle (see
page 26) : the bowl of a small copper spoon, and four coins.
The coins are a Roman third brass of Constans (obv. CONSTANS
NOB. CAES. : rev. GLORIA EXERCITVS. In ex. P.L.C. two soldiers
standing with labarum) ; a Roman third brass, illegible ;
a three-penny piece of Elizabeth (obv. ELIZABETH. D.G. ANG.

FR. ET HI. REGINA + ; TBV. POSVI DEV. ADIVTOREM MEV.

1567) ; and a halfpenny of Charles n.

By Mr. R. Blair (secretary) : A sealing wax impres-
sion, kindly supplied to him by Dr. Joseph
Anderson of the Edinburgh Antiquarian
museum, of the seal of Thomas de Rede,
in that museum. The matrix which is
of silver was found about thirty years ago
'in a field on the farm of Newton, in the
parish of Chillingham, not far from a stone
called the L d Earl stane.' The arms on it
are a chevron between three objects which
may be palms, wheat stalks or reeds,
though they are most like fish bones.
The arms of Rede are a chevron between
three garbs. Dr. Anderson suggests that
the arms shown are of the punning order
and represent a chevron between three
reeds, instead of three garbs. The inscrip-
tion around is s' THOME DE REDE. In the
Proceedings of the Scottish Society (xxxn.
70). there is a note of the seal, together
with an illustration of both it and the
device. The block here given has been
kindly lent by the Scottish Society.

The council's recommendation to purchase the coloured reproduction
of a plan of Newcastle of 1650, in the British Museum, published by Jon.
Neild, at 21s. ; A Catalogue of the Bateman Collection of Antiquities
in the Sheffield Museum ; Borough Seals of the Gothic period, by Gale
Pedrick ; and Ancient Chests and Coffers, was agreed to.

The recommendation of the council for the appointment of Messrs.
T. Hodgkin, D.C.L., and J. Crawford Hodgson, F.S.A., as repre-
sentatives of the society to the Historical Congress to be held in Rome
in April, they intending to be in that city at the time, was agreed to.

THE CASTLE OF NEWCASTLE.

Mr. B. O. Heslop, M.A., F.S.A. (one of the secretaries), read Notes
on a recent examination of some structural features of the keep of the
Castle of Newcastle, and their relation to the original construction of
the great hall.'

Thanks were voted by acclamation to Mr. Heslop, and it was unani-
mously resolved to print the paper, with suitable illustrations, in
Archaeologia Aeliana.

CHIPCHASE CASTLE.

Mr. W. H. Knowles, F.S.A., read the following notes on the well
recently discovered in the tower at Chipchase :

" Chipchase occupies one of the finest positions in the valley of the
North Tyno. It stands on an elevated site on the left bank of the
river, surrounded by park lands, and enclosed on the north by a back
ground of lofty trees. The castle is of several dates. It comprises a

fourteenth century tower, the manor
house erected by Cuthbert Heron 1621
the finest example of Jacobean work in
the county and the additions made by
the Reeds in 1784. The tower is not
now habitable; the remainder constitutes
the residence of the owner, Mr. Thomas
Taylor, F.S.A. The well recently dis-
covered is in the medieval tower, which
it may be permissible to describe briefly.
It measures externally 51 feet 6 ins. by
34 feet, and is 50 feet in height to the
parapet walk, and 10 feet more to the top
of the angle bartizans. It is unusually
well built and is crowned by a very bold
corbelled and machiolated battlemented
parapet. It is an imposing and typical
example of the larger towers as distin-
guished from the castles properly so
called. In the interior the tower is
divided into four stages, the basement
only is vaulted, the other floors were of
timber. 1 The tower has been carefully
preserved 2 and contains on the inside
several interesting features, such as a
portion of a wooden grille in the port-
cullis grooves, a small oratory in the
thickness of the wall at the second
floor level, and a kitchen replete with
fireplace, kitchen and water drain on the
third floor. It is not therefore a matter
of surprise that the water supply one of the first essentials of a castle
should be discovered within the walls of the tower or keep. In
every abode a full water supply was a necessity, and had to be con-
veyed in pipes from an available source or obtained by sinking a

1 An exhaustive description of the tower is given in the new county History of
Northumberland, n. 334. See also 'Border Holds' (Arch. Ael. xiv.) 410.

2 It has undergone during the past two years a careful and conservative restoration.

O1IPCI1ASE CASTLE

THE TOWER.

"^DOTTED LINE INI
SECTION OF
WHICH ABUTS O

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MA' NOR

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1 1 rnni

GATES

HOUSE

I . I, ,1 , ,1

THE TOWER, t

I I . \ I

I, I , I

I I

I III I.

I , '.

Ill

I.I

J L_l

I. -I ..I

.1 , I I , 1 1 1 , ' . i

ENTRANCE,
f DOTTED LINES

IN01CATE E EAST ELEVATION

W.H.KNOWLE5

SCALE

well or wells. In the large keeps
shafts were built, sometimes in
the thickness of the walls as at
Newcastle, and sometimes as at
Rochester in the mid wall with
openings at each floor level to
enable the water buckets to be
stopped where required, but these
facilities were not common to the
smaller towers, although clearly at
Belsay there is a well at the ground
level, and at Edlingham a tower
with an unusual amount of good
architectural detail the well
shaft was brought to the upper
floor and arched recesses arranged
and fitted with shelves for the
water vessels. The well at Chip-
chase which Mr. Taylor has exca-
vated is at the north end of the
vaulted basement and it is five to
six feet in diameter. Excepting
on the north side where it is faced
with ashlar, the well is rudely
formed in the limestone rock to
a distance of twelve feet below
the ground level and is continued
through slate and clay, to a fur-
ther depth of 8 feet see section.
The water collected from the
rising ground on the north side of
the tower, percolates through the
clay and slate and is received into
the lower part of the well, where it
remains at a depth of 4 feet, oc-
casionally rising to 5 feet. Before
the modern system of surface
draining was introduced no doubt
the well filled more rapidly and
rose to a greater height than it
now does. In the crown of the
vault immediately over the well
is an aperture through which the
water buckets could be raised to
the first floor, possibly the wooden
floors above were provided with a
trap door or other opening for the
same purpose. At the north end
of the west wall, three feet from
the level of the first floor is a
small double arched recess, it may
have been considering its prox-
imity to the aperture of the well
used as a receptacle for water

to Mr.

Thanks were voted
Knowles for his notes.

a See Arch. Ael. xiv. 411, wherein
it is suggested that this recess was used
as an oven.

APERTURE

PLAN Of FIR5T FLOOR G

OVER WUl

PROCEEDINGS

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 4.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library
of the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 29th day of April, 1903,
at seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. R. C. Clephan, one of the vice-
presidents, being in the chair.

Several accounts recommended by the council for payment were
ordered to be paid.

The following ordinary members were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. Henry Clarke, 27, Dockwray Square, North Shields,
ii. The Rev. Canon Southwell, Bishop's Hostel, Grainger
Park Road, Newcastle.

The following NEW BOOKS, etc., were placed on the table :
Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From Mr F. Haverfield, F.S.A. : Report of the Cumberland Excavation

Committee for 1902 (reprint from the Transactions of the

Cumb. and Westm. Antiq. Soc.) 8vo.
From the Rev. H. J. Dukinfield Astley, M.A., the author : ' Tree-

and Pillar- Worship ' (reprint from the Trans. R.S.L. xxiv.) ;

8vo., pp. 60.
From the writer : Reminiscences of the City of Newcastle-on-Tyne,

particularly of Pilgrim Street and the neighbourhood, a paper

read by Mr. William Henry Holmes, at the Friends' Meeting

House on 4th March, 1903"; 28 pp., sm. 8vo.
Exchanges :

From ' La Societe Archeologique de Namur ' : Annales, xxm. iv.,

'Toponymie namuroise,' 8vo., Namur, 1903.
From 'La Societe d'Archeologie de Bruxelles ' : Annales, xvi., iii.,

and iv. ; 8vo. [contains an interesting account of the

' Chateau des Comtes dit le Gravensteen, a Gand', with a

large plan,] 8vo. Brussels.
From the Cambrian Archaeological Association : Archaeologia Cam-

brensis; Q ser., in., ii., 8vo.

From the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethno-
logy, Harvard University, U.S.A. : (i.) Memoirs n., ii. 'Re-
searches in the central portion of the Usumatsintla Valley,' by
Theodore Maler, large 4to ; Cambridge, U.S.A., 1903.

From the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A. : (i.) 19th
Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, parts 1
and 2; 2 vols., large 8vo., cl. ; and (ii.) Bulletin, ' Tsimshiam
Texts' by Boan ; 8vo., cl.

From the Cumb. & Westmoreland Antiquarian Society : Transactions,

N.S., in., 8vo., cl.

Purchases : Ancient Coffers and Cupboards, by Roe, large 4to. cl., col.
and other plates ; Mittheilungen of the Imp. German Arch.
Inst. ; Reliquary and Antiquary for April, 1903 ; Catalogue of
the Bateman Collection in Sheffield Museum ; The Registers of
Ingram and of Edlingham (North, and Durh. Par. Reg. Soc.)

DONATION TO THE MUSEUM.

The following was announced and thanks voted to the donors :
From Andrew Reid & Co., Ld. : A miner's lamp of iron, recent,

from Greece. The screw by which the burner is fixed ends in

the figure of a cock.
EXHIBITED :

By Mr. Maberly Phillips : Three documents relating to Seaton Sluice:
(i) a bill of lading, of 5th May, 1787, for 3255 dozen bottles, 1507
doz. and 6 of them 'Moulds,' 1532 doz. and 2 ' Commons,' 107 doz.
and 9 ' Corbyn Quarts mark't, IE West Tilby,' and 107 doz. and 1
' Winchester Quarts Wide Mouths,' in the 'John,' of which John
Forside was master ; (ii) a glassworker's indenture of 7th Feb.
1800, shewing the wages paid, etc., and (hi) a letter of Elizabeth
Gainsby, dated Plymouth, April the 23, 1759, to 'Mrs. Ann Mack
Dowel att Hartley, near Seaton Delewal ' relating to some money
and to her attempt to find her husband, ' who is alleged to have
belonged to His Majesty's Shipe the Shearnest.' She asked her to
send ' A clean frank.'

By Mr. George Irving : A photograph with plan and elevations of
the ancient doorway on the west side of the Castlegarth, Newcastle,
discovered on the demolition of an old house by the No. Eastern
Railway Co. (See opposite page.)

By Mr. R. J. Leeson : (i) An engraved brass 17, or early 18 cent,
pen-case, apparently of Dutch make, about 5ins. long ; and (ii) a
wooden pipe, 11 ins. long, covered with open brass ornamentation,
including the sun and crescent moon, and having the year 1741
engraved upon it ; this also is apparently of Dutch make.

THE CASTLE BANNERS.

Mr. Blair (sec.) drew the attention of the members to the sheet of
coloured drawings, by Mr. C. H. Blair, framed in oak, being copies of
the silk banners in the great hall, presented at different times to the
society. Mr. Blair was heartily thanked for his very acceptable gift,
as, on dull days especially, it is not easy to make out the charges on
the banners themselves.

COUNTRY MEETINGS.

The recommendation of the council to hold a two days' meeting jn
the Roman Wall, day meetings at Ingram and Greaves Ash, and

H O

Widdrington and Chibburn, and an afternoon meeting at Mitford and
Newminster was agreed to.

' WATERVILLE,' NORTH SHIELDS.

Mr. R. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following notes by Mr. H.
A. Adamson, V.P., on ' Waterville, North Shields : the Home of an Anti-
quary ' :

" On the 7th March, 1864, Mr. George Rippon, a justice of the peace
for the county of Northumberland, died at his residence, Waterville,
North Shields, aged 75 years. He was buried at Lanchester, in the
county of Durham, where his family had lived for several generations.
Near the south door of Lanchester church, is, or was, a stone recording
that ' Here lyeth the body of William Rippon, who departed this life,
Septr. ye 4 day, 1717.' The deaths of other members of his family
are recorded. Mr. Rippon was a keen antiquary, and during his long
life gathered together in his house at Waterville, many articles of
interest, and also, like other antiquaries, things of little value. It seems
to be the fate of all men who have hobbies.

He was a son of George Rippon, of Waterville, who died in 1817. His
father and his uncle John Rippon, Edward Hall of Whitley, William
Watson, William Taylor, and Richard Armstrong, of North Shields, all
of whom were brewers, established the North Shields Water Company
in 1786, which was recently taken over by the Tynemouth corporation.
It is not so much with Mr. Rippon as an antiquary, as the home in
which he lived, and over which he spent many years of his life in
gathering together objects of interest, that I wish to deal.

Waterville was a pleasantly situated house on the east side of the
turnpike road leading from the Bull Ring, North Shields, to the New-
castle and Tynemouth turnpike road. It is known as Coach lane, and
was the old coach-road from North Shields to Newcastle. The house
stood in its own grounds of about 1 1 acres, and the west side of the
property was separated from the road by an ornamental iron paling. At
the north west corner stood the gardener's lodge where a worthy couple,
Robert Tate and Ann, his wife, resided for many years. From the
entrance gates near the lodge there was a winding path which led to
the front door of the house. The house consisted of basement and first
floor, and had projecting eaves and timber ends. To the eastward of
the main house were buildings which consisted of laundry, with work-
shop above, and what was known as the brewhouse, which contained
some large vats, and beyond these were the vineries and conservatories.
In the ornamental ground in front of the house, but to the south-east
of it, was a large circular pond or reservoir, the sides of which were
perpendicular and the lining consisted of dressed freestone. From it a
portion of the town supply of water was obtained. In the pond were
both tench and dace. In the grounds were several statuettes. Among
these were Hercules, Cupid, Diana, and Samuel, as a child, praying.
The land to the northward, southward, and west of the house was all
open. On the west side of the garden was a thick belt of trees and also
one to the south, which gave the house the privacy which is so much
sought. The garden was one of these old-world gardens which we like
to think of, but which are rapidly disappearing. On entering the house
the first room on the left of the spacious hall was the dining room, from
which a door led into the library. In this room the spirit of the anti-
quary was fully displayed, and it was this room which gave a charm to
the house. On the west side of the room were two latticed windows
with stained glass in their upper portions. Between these windows

there were shelves to the ceiling for books. Against the north wall
were also book shelves filled with books, and beneath the book shelves
were cupboards, the doors of which were composed of wood from York
cathedral church, black oak from Derwenthaugh, buffet doors from
Holland, carvings from Dilston old hall and from Neville house,
Durham. The east side of the room was composed of inlaid woods
brought from Neville house, the chapter house, Carlisle, from brides'
coffers, from Killingworth, Elemore and Tynemouth house, and other
places, and the panelling from Seghill old tower. A door led from this
side of the room into the hall. On the south side of the room was
the fireplace, with recesses on each side of it. The overmantel, as it

would now be called, was composed of panels from the chapter house,
Carlisle, from St. David's Mount chapel, North Shields, from the front
of the gallery of All Saints' old church, Newcastle, from Holland, from
Frome abbey, Dorset, from bridge-end chapel, Newcastle, and Neville
house, Durham. The ceiling of the room was groined, and was composed
of woods from the bottoms of brides' coffers, from Seghill tower, the organ
of York cathedral church, chapter house, Carlisle, boss from St. Nicholas's
church, Newcastle, entrance hall, Anderson Place, and Neville house,
Durham. It was a pleasant room, and the subdued light which came
through the stained-glass windows gave it quite an old-world appearance.
In it were two carved oak chairs stated to have belonged to the unfortu-
nate earl ot Derwentwater, two other carved oak chairs and a beautiful
circular library table with elm root top, supported on a tripod stand
by three lions rampant in oak. In the year 1847, Mr. Rippon married
Margaret Fryer, the youngest daughter of Mr. John Fryer of Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, a well known man in his day. Her brother, Mr. Joseph
Harrison Fryer, lived in Whitley hall.* After the death of Mr. Rippon
in 1864, Mrs. Rippon continued to live at Waterville, but in July of
that year, some of the numerous articles he had collected and stored at
Waterville were sold. Among these was a massive oak handrail with
double spiral balusters of most exquisite workmanship, from the resi-
dence of the late Major Anderson, Newcastle. It was sold to Mr.
Tweedy, the well-known wood carver. Lot 76 is described in the
catalogue as ' The veritable pulpit (taken out of Jarrow Church during
the repairs between 70 and 80 years since) greatly prized as a relic, in
which the venerable and sainted Bede delivered his impressive and
instructive homilies in the old church at Jarrow and preached to
entranced devotees the glad tidings of Peace ; ' a drawing of it
appears in the Antiquarian Gleanings in the North of England, by
William B. Scott. It is probable, as is suggested in this book, that the
pulpit belonged to the Perpendicular or a later period. It was pur-
chased at the sale by the late Mr. W. H. D. Longstaffe for 3 10s. Od.
What has become of it, I do not know. Mrs. Rippon died in July, 1873,
and in October of that year the collection of antique oak furniture and
other articles stored at Waterville was sold. In the catalogue of the
sale are many objects of interest which, after the sale, were all dispersed.
Among these was the Crucifixion, which is described in the catalogue
as a splendid specimen of ancient carved oak in excellent preservation.
It originally belonged to the castle of Warkworth, and was the altar
piece in the chapel within the keep in 1672. A drawing of it is in the
book already referred to. It was fully described in the Newcastle
Journal of the 23rd of May, 1857. It was removed from Warkworth
castle by Mr. John Clarke, one of the auditors of the Percy family, who
obtained permission from the widow of Joscelin, last earl of Northum-
berland, and he placed it in his house at Chirton, near North Shields.
The house afterwards became the property of the first duke of Argyle,
who died in it. In 1703 the building was sold to the Lawson family.
In 1812, when the late Mr. A. M. de Cardonnel Lawson pulled down
the house, the altar piece was taken to Waterville and was deposited
with Mr. Quintin Blackburn, who occupied the house. Eight years
later it was removed to Mr. Lawson' s seat at Cramlington, and he sold
it to Mr. John Adamson, one of the first secretaries of our society. It
was afterwards presented to Mr. Rippon. In the hall stood a large
richly carved settle, which is also shown in Mr. Scott's book,

* He was a justice of the peace for Northumberland, and was a well-known geologist
and naturalist.

In the library was a pendant for a lamp, carved in oak. This piece
of carving formerly hung from the roof of the hall in Anderson Place,
in which king Charles the 1st resided during his stay in Newcastle. It
was used to suspend a chandelier. A drawing of it is in the Antiquarian
Gleanings. Among the books sold at the sale were several black
letter volumes, one dating as far back as 1475. The book of this
date had brass bosses and was in perfect condition. There were
many local books. The sale of the books lasted two days.

After the sale of the furniture the Waterville estate was sold for
building sites. The house was not taken down, but it was divided
into two houses, and it now forms part of Stanley street west,
North Shields, and is numbered 41 and 42 in the street. The wing
of the house was taken down. The oak and other fittings in the
library were stripped off by the purchasers of the estate and sold
to a firm in London. The latticed windows were removed, and
a window was placed in the north wall of the room. Mr. William
Fryer, a brother of Mrs. Rippon, was a man of artistic tastes.
Between 1850 and 1857 he made most careful drawings of the library.
In these drawings he has detailed where the wood came from which
adorned the walls. The drawings made by him are submitted for
the inspection of the members of the society. It was intended by
Mr. Rippon to panel the walls of the drawing room, and materials
had [been collected for the purpose, but he died before he could carry
out his wishes.

In Mr. Rippon's lifetime a portion of the land to the southward of
the house was sold to Hugh, duke of Northumberland, for the site of
Holy Trinity church, which he gave to the commissioners for building
new churches ; and another portion of the ground to the northward
was sold to the Railway Company for the purpose of forming the
railway from Newcastle to North Shields."

Thanks were voted to Mr. Adamson by acclamation.

Mr. Adamson exhibited a number of drawings showing the arrange-
ments of the different rooms of the house, two of these are reproduced
on pages 39 and 40.

WAI/LSEND (SEGEDUNUM).

Mr. W. S. Corder read the following notes on a newly discovered
portion of the Roman Wall, at its easternmost terminus, between W T alls-
end and the ancient foreshore of the Tyne.

" About four weeks ago my attention was called to extensive ex-
cavations which were going on at W T allsend, in the new part of the
shipbuilding yard of Messrs. Swan & Hunter, Ltd., which lies between
the riverside railway and the Tyne, and immediately to the south of
the southern rampart of the camp of SEGEDUNUM. The work consisted
in cutting away the bottom of the grass covered slope at the point A
indicated on plans A and B, (portion of 25" Ordnance Survey, 1858,)
and (portion of 10' 0" scale Ordnance Survey corrected to date), and
also on John Storey's well known drawing of Wallsend as it appeared
in 1850, shewn by a white cross on the accompanying illustration.* Near
the eastern end of the excavation I found that the bottom courses of
the Roman Wall showed clearly on the face of the bank, and it appears
that during the 10 days previous to my visit the navvies had been
engaged in cutting away and removing portions of the Wall, which were

* Facing p. 46.

PLAN OF A PORTION OF WALLSEND. (See p. 42.)

The dotted lines show the Roman camp, the double-dotted lines the line of the Wall.
The ne\yly-discovered fragment of the Wall is at A, between the camp and the river.

in this part of its course in a ruinous state and showed signs of having
been disturbed, apparently to afford drainage for the water which
collects at this point in considerable quantities. As the next ten feet
or so promised to show a very interesting portion of the Wall Mr.
Mather, the civil engineer in charge of the work, at once gave instruc-
tions to continue the removal of the earth and clay upon each side,
but to leave the structure itself untouched until it had been photo-
graphed, and carefully examined.

I may say, that as large new sheds are to be built on the piece of
ground which has been levelled, it is unfortunately impossible to preserve
the whole of the length of Wall which has been laid bare, but Messrs.
Swan & Hunter, realising the great interest of the discovery, will en-
deavour to arrange that a section on the face of the bank shall be kept
exposed and intact a precious relic of the Roman Empire for succeding
generations.*

The accompanying illustration (B facing p. 44) has been made from
a photograph which I took directly the face of the Wall had been bared.
Unfortunately, since then, several of the facing stones have been ab-
stracted, and the whole mass, which had from the outset shown a
tendency to fall sideways after the earth which supported it was
removed, has slipped still farther from the perpendicular, displacing the
facing on both sides considerably. I may say that the piece of the
Wall in question is about 200 feet from the south-east angle of the
camp, and the footings are about 20' 0" above high water mark (River
Tyne Commissioners' datum), and about 50 feet below the present ground
level at the S.E. corner of the camp. When first exposed, it exhibited
both faces of ashlar work, that on the east being four, and that on the
west six courses high, exclusive of the footing slabs. The core of mortar
and rubble was also in excellent preservation, and although somewhat
soft and damp when first uncovered, presented a solid block about five
feet in height. The measurements on the section are 7' 0* from the
outside of the footing slabs, which are offset 3" on each side, so that the
Wall at this point is exactly six feet six inches in thickness. The
footings which are four inches thick, two feet from front to back, and
twelve inches long on the face, appear to be laid direct on the un-
puddled virgin clay (though I am not absolutely clear on this point).
The footings follow (so far as they have been laid bare) the slope of the
hill without benching, and the ashlar work is laid parallel to the horizon,
each course being run out with tapered stones on to the footings at
regular intervals. The facing stones vary a little in size but average
about 10 inches in height by 12 inches in width, with a depth of 16 to
18 inches. The rubble is very variable in size, some of the pieces being
as large as the facing stones. The mortar contains a noticeable amount
of charcoal derived from the wood with which the lime was burnt, and
as pieces nearly as large as a hazel nut are not infrequent it would seem
that the quicklime cannot have been very finely ground before slaking.
A careful examination of the ground suggests that a trench about 14 or
15 feet in width has been dug through the soil (which to-day has a
depth at this point of about 5 feet), and into the strong yellow clay
beneath to a depth of about 2' 6". After the Wall had been built the
clay was puddled firmly in against the footings and the two or three
bottom courses, and above this the trench was filled in with soil. No
trace of the fosse was visible either above or below the ground level.

* Though this has been found impracticable, the exact spot has been carefully
marked out with stones taken from the Wall. W. S. C., July, 1903.

FRONT VIEW. The S.E. corner of the Cauip is immediately in front of the house.

SIDE VIEW.

AT W A T T <i P. N n

It may be interesting to consider for a moment the brief references
in Bruce and Maclauchlan to this extremely interesting portion of the
Roman Wall the literal Wall's end which gives its name to the young
riverside borough. Bruce states that ' Some traces of this wall might
be noticed before the width of the river was contracted and its new made
banks covered with buildings. Mr. Buddie, the famous coal engineer,
told the writer that when bathing in the river, as a boy, he had often
noticed the foundations of this wall extending far into the stream. Mr.
Leslie had seen it go as far into the water as- the lowest tides enabled
him to observe.'

Maclauchlan in his Memoir of a Survey of the Roman Wall, says ' . . . .
the termination of the wall towards the river proceeds from the S.E.
corner and is about 100 yards in length, forming an angle with the
south front of about 105, the obtuse angle lying to the westward. The
end of the great wall at high-water mark exhibits some stones very
satisfactorily.' On referring to the plan you will see that the angle
which this newly found portion of the wall continued to the S.E. corner
of Segedunum makes with the line of the southern rampart is about 105
as stated by Maclauchlan. On the other hand his statements that ' the
termination of the wall towards the river is about 100 yards in length'
and that ' the end of the great wall at high water mark exhibits some
stones very satisfactorily,' must surely refer to the traces he found in
exist snce at the time of writing (circa 1854), and must not be taken to
mean, as they appear to do at first glance, that the Wall ended at high
water mark.

The evidence of Buddie and Leslie, as recorded by Dr. Bruce, would
certainly go to prove that the Wall extended down to, and even beyond,
low water mark, and strategic considerations would seem to render this
absolutely necessary. Of course to determine the point at which in
Roman times it actually entered the water, it is necessary to know
where low water mark was in those days, and I have not so far been
able to find any evidence, direct or indirect, on this point.

On Maclauchlan's survey plan the distance from the camp corner to
the river measures about 350' 0", and one assumes that his river line
indicates high water mark at ordinary spring tides. On the 1858
Ordnance Survey, a tracing of a portion of which Mr. George Irving has
very kindly made for me, it is 390' 0" from the camp corner to high
water, and 1067' 0" to low water mark, a difference of 677' 0'.

If you will look again at Storey's drawing you will see that as the
riverside railway and the still existing grassy slope^beneath it occupy
most of the river bank, his sketch must have been made at high tide,
and further that by far the larger portion of Swan & Hunter's west
yard has been made out of the reclaimed foreshore of the river, and
that the workshops and railways and the world famous pontoons of
the firm whilst building, occupy part of oho quiet waterway of half a
century ago. (See plate facing page 46.)

From the Wall westward for about 300 feet large quantities of bones
and Roman pottery were found in the lower two or three feet of earth
which rested on the clay, and from the position in which they occurred
they seem to be the midden refuse which, during the three centuries
of Roman occupation, had been thrown over the southern rampart of
Segedunum, and had rolled to the foot of the bank. As expected, no
perfect vessels or implements of any kind were met with and nothing
of the nature of altars or inscribed stones. Enormous numbers of
fragments of Samian ware, both plain and ornamented, were turned
up, two or three of the former having potters' marks, e.g. DOVIICCVS,

SOIIILLI M* An amphora handle has a potter's mark EC c A as below.

An interest-
ing piece of
a mortarium
in coarse red
pottery, has
the maker's
stamp on the
lip, and rough-
ly scratched,
the name pro- ,
bably of its (
owner i I

MERTORIO I tH^ _ '

Or NERTORIO.

An interesting specimen is a small fragment of hypocaust tile with
a pattern on it which seems to be modelled rather than moulded.
One small flat bottom of a broken jar has been carefully chipped all
round for use as a plaything. Altogether there are 14 or 15 distinct
kinds of pottery, red, grey, black, and brown. I have only come
across two fragments, of Roman glass, one a small circular boss of a
fine opalescent blue colour, and the other, part of the bottom of a
small glass vessel. Two or three pieces of whetstones have been met
with, and one of the simple but graceful clay statuettes of Venus,
such as have occasionally been found in other Roman camps. It was
probably one of the household gods the Lares and Penates of some
stout private soldier of the cohort of the Lingones. I have only heard
of three coins, though one recognises that the pocketable nature of
money and the fanciful reputed value of Roman coins always conduce
to their disappearance and dispersal. I have here a large bronze in
fair preservation of Crispina, the wife of Commodus, who died in 183
A.D., having on the reverse the figure of Health seated holding out a
wreath to a serpent, with legend SALVS almost illegible.

I should perhaps put it on record that much of the earth from the
bank foot has been used to level up that part of the yard between the
bank and the old high water mark, so that any excavations there, for
generations to come, will infallibly yield Roman pottery, not in situ.

In conclusion I wish most cordially to thank Mr. T. B. Mather, C.E.,
who has planned, and Mr. Purdy, the contractor who is carrying out
the excavations at Wallsend, for their constant kindness and forbear-
ance to an inquisitive and persistent antiquary, whilst the work was
in progress. I know that if it had been practicable they would very
gladly have preserved all that they laid bare of that Wall which was,
in the words of Camden, ' the most renowned work of the Romans, the
bound in times past of the Roman province ; raised of purpose to
seclude and keep out the barbarous nations, that in this tract, were
evermore barking and baying (as an ancient writer saith) about the
Roman Empire.' "

On the motion of Mr. Gibson, seconded by Mr. Heslop, thanks were
voted to Mr. Corder by ^acclamation for his notes, and also to Messrs.
Swan and Hunter, for? their kindness while the members were at
Wallsend.

DOVIICCVS has been found in London and in York. Hubner, C.I.L. vn. 261 ;
SORILLI M as above at York. ibid. 290.

Proc. Soe. Antiq. Newc. I. (3 Ser.)

To face page 46.

WALLSEND AS IT APPEARED IN 1850.
(Reproduced from John Storey's lithograph of that year).

WALLSEND IN 1903.

From a photograph by Mr. W. S. Corder, taken from about the same point as John Storey's view).
NOTE. The x in each Picture indicates the position ot the newly discovered position of Roman Wall.

. .

DURHAM CATHEDRAL CHURCH.

Mr. Blair read the following notes, by the Rev. E. J. Taylor, F.S.A.,
of Durham, of a discovery in the cloister garth of Durham cathedral
church, for which he was thanked.

"An interesting discovery has lately been made in the cloister garth
of Durham cathedral church. During some excavations the site of the
monks' lavatory was definitely located. It was always supposed that
the lavatory was situated at the north side of the cloister garth, but
it is now found to have been the south side. The rare little book The
Ancient Rites and Monuments af the Monastical and Cathedral Church
of Durham, by J. Davies, published in 1672, has the following passage :
' Within the cloister garth, over against the Frater house door, was a
fair laver (basin) or conduit, for the monks to wash their hands and
faces at, being made in form round, covered with lead, and all of marble,
saving the outermost walls, within which walls you may walk round,
the laver of marble having many little conduits or spouts of brass.'

Over against the frater house (refectory) was thought to imply the
north side of the garth. The Rev. J. T. Fowler, vice-principal of
Hatfield Hall, Durham, came across two holes for wall plates in the bay
of the south wall of the cloister ; in the face of the outer wall imme-
diately beneath the wall plates there is a break of the plinth which runs
round the remainder of the cloister wall, this suggested that the old lost
lavatory was somewhere close at hand. Excavating beneath the hole
plates the foundations of the old lavatory so long lost sight of, were
brought to view. The laver named by Davies is the basin in the centre
of the cloister garth, a position occupied for many years. This basin
has one of the ' conduits or taps of brass ' still remaining.

The old lavatory was erected in A.D. 1432-1433, and internally
measured about 19ft., and the laver or basin, when in its original posi-
tion, would probably occupy a position in the centre. It was an
octagonal structure, with angle buttresses, similar to those of the chapter
house apse, and according to Davies, 'had 7 fair windows of stonework,'
and the south side, which adjoined the south cloister, over against
the Frater house door, ' had a doorway in it.' The roof was a lead
covered one, surmounted by a dove cot, covered finely over above with
lead, the workmanship being both fine and costly. At a lower level,
in the centre of the former, foundations of what appears to be an earlier
Norman lavatory were found, a square building in form, 15ft. by 15ft.,
internally. The drains of the 15th century lavatory are in part con-
structed of moulded stones, whilst these of the Norman lavatory are
all plain. A portion of the ancient lead pipe, 2 Jin. in diameter, still
remains in the centre of the bed of the earlier basin.

Further digging has brought to light the cloister garth well, a few
feet to the south of the lavatory basin now in the centre of the garth.
The well has a diameter of 4 feet, and is of dressed masonry. The
filling in, composed mainly of ashes and masons' rubbish, has been
cleared to a depth of about 35ft., when gravel and water was found.

The 13th century Frosterley marble grave-cover of Henry Horn-
castle, has been found amongst the rubbish. He was sacrist at Durham
and afterwards prior of Coldingham, and from this discovery is sup-
posed to have returned to Durham to die."

The chairman expressed the pleasure of the members at the presence
of Mr. T. H. Hodgson of Newby Grange, Carlisle, and of M. Haakon
Schetelig, assistant curator of the Bergen museum, Norway, and wel-
comed them in the name of the society.

Previous to the meeting, members proceeded from Newcastle to
the shipbuilding yard of Messrs. Swan, Hunter & Co., at Wallsend, to
see the piece of the Roman Wall discovered on the side of the hill
during the excavations made by them. They were most kindly received
and welcomed by Mr. Hunter and Mr. Hudson, and after seeing the
fragment of the Wall, of which a full description is given in Mr. Corder's
paper (p. 42), they proceeded to the offices, when they were shewn many
models of important vessels built by the firm.

' -fAmo.igst those present were the rev. canon Southwell, the rev.
Stephen Liberty of Newcastle, Mr. W. Richardson of Willington, Mr.
George Irving of West Fell, Corbridge, Mr. J. M. Moore of Harton,
Mr. R. Blair and Mr. R. O, Heslop (secretaries).

MISCELLANEA.

Mr. F. W. Dendy has kindly sent the following for publication :

THE PLAGUE IN NEWCASTLE.

William Coulson, who purchased an extensive estate in Jesmond
from Sir Francis Anderson, was living in Newcastle at the time of the
plague, which afflicted Newcastle in 1636. He kept in his family bible
an account of the persons who died from its effect in each of the thirty
six weeks during which it continuously raged. Other particulars of the
visitation are to be found in Brand's Newcastle, vol. n., p. 455, and
Welford's Newcastle, vol. in., p. 337, but this weekly return of mortality
does not seem to have been hitherto printed. The society is indebted
for it to Colonel W. L. B. Coulson, who is a direct descendant of William
Coulson, and the present possessor of the bible. As William Coulson
did not purchase Jesmond until 1658, and as he signs as of that place,
he either did not make or did not sign the entry until that year. The
exact addition of the weekly figures given is 4,982. Brand (ubi supra)
citing Dr. Jennison's Newcastle Call, puts the figures from May to Decem-
ber of the same year at 5,037, besides 515 deaths in Gateshead. F. w. D.

'A true List of the weakly Buerials of such as Deyd of the Plaguo
begune ye 1 4th May, 1636, onley within the Corperation of Newcastle
upon Tyne.

Buerials.

The

first

week

The

week

422

The

week

The

week

The

week

346

The

week

The

third

week

The

week

398

The

week

The

4th

week

112

The

week

386

The

week

The

week

099

The

week

312

The

week

The

week

162

The

week

202

The

week

The

week

133

The

week

197

The

week

The

week

172

The

week

122

The

week

The

week

184

The

week

197

The

week

The

week

212

The

week

The

week

The

week

270

The

week

The

week

The

XTroalr

QfJfi

Thp

The

WtJtJK.

week

ouu
334

-L lit?

The

Wt?t?K.

week

5000

Wm. Coulson of Jesmond,'

49
PROCEEDINGS

OP THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 5.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the/library
of the castle, on Wednesday, the 28th day of May, 1903, at seven
o'clock in the evening, Mr. Richard Welford, one of the vice-presidents,
being in the chair.

Several accounts recommended by the council for payment were
ordered to be paid.

L* Colonel Gerald J. Cuthbert, Scots Guards, of 39 Eaton Terrace,
London, S.W., was proposed, and declared duly elected, an ordinary
member of the society.

The following NEW BOOKS, etc., were placed on the table :

Exchanges :

From ' La Societe d'Archeologie de Bruxelles' : Annuaire for 1903,

Bruxelles, 1903. Vol. xiv. 8vo.
From the British Archaeological Association : The Journal, N.S.

ix. i., April, 1903 [contains a paper by Mr. Geo. Patrick, one of

the secretaries, on ' Hulne Priory, Alnwick, Northumberland'].
From the ' Verein fur Thiiringische Geschichte und Alterumskunde,'

Zeitschrift, N.S. xn. i. & ii. 8vo. Jena, 1902.

Purchases Der obergermanisch-raetische Limes des Roemerreiches, lief.
xvm. (' Kastell Ober-Florstadt ' and ' Kastell Obernburg '),
large 8vo. ; The Scottish Antiquary, No. 68, Ap. 1903 ; The
Antiquary for May, 1903 ; The Registers of Canon Frome and
of Munsley, co. Hereford, (Par. Reg. Soc.), 8vo. ; The Jahr-
buch of the Imp. Germ. Arch. Inst. xvm. i. ; 8vo.

The recommendation of the council to purchase for 12s. 6d. the four
volumes of The Ancestor, Larking' s Armour and Arms at Malta, 10s. 6d.,
and Sir Payne Gallwey's The Cross-bow, was agreed to.

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. John Johnson of South Shields (per R. Blair) : Two coins
found recently in St. Stephen's churchyard, South Shields : (i.) A
Roman first brass of Lucius Verus (obv. IMP L AVREL VEBVS AVG :
bearded head to right ; rev. CONCORD AVGVST .... Two figures
togated standing holding hands); and (ii.) a Scotch bawbee of
1692, of William and Mary (obv. profiles to 1. ; rev. thistle and
' nemo,' &c.).

By Mr. Walter S. Corder : A Scotch bawbee of 1678, of Charles n.
same type as last ; found at St. Anthony's.

Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following letter, dated 26
May, addressed to him by the Rev. M. Piddocke, vicar of Kirknewton,
relating to discoveries on Kilham Hill :

" Lord Tankerville desired me to write you a line to say that we (i.e.,
L d Tankerville & myself) have dug open the barrow on the top of
Kilham Hill, and in a small cyst resting on the solid rock we found a
quantity of bone fragments and red earth ; but, so far, no weapons of
any kind. The cyst is about 2 ft. long and 1 ft. deep & broad, and was
covered by a large regular shaped whinstone. * * * * I am going to
work at it again to-day, so write in haste."

Mr. Piddocke was thanked for his communication.

A ROMAN ALTAR TO ' OCEANUS ' AND ALTAR BASE
FROM THE TYNE BRIDGE.

Mr. R. O. Heslop (one of the secretaries) read the following notes :

" Divers have been employed by the River Tyne Commissioners for
some time past in clearing obstructions from the north channel at the
Swing bridge. When thus engaged last Wednesday, they found a
Roman Altar and a detached base stone embedded in the river bottom.
Mr. James Walker, C.E., the river engineer, at once appreciated the nature
of these relics, and by his order they were immediately removed to a
place of safety. Obligations are due to him for allowing free and full
examination of the stones, and for the care exercised by him in their
preservation.

The altar is 4 feet 3 inches high, measuring 19 inches across its base
and an equal width across its capital. From front to back the base
measures llf inches deep, and the capital 11| inches. The connecting
shaft is 2 feet 3| inches high and 16 inches across its face, by 8 inches
from back to front. Base and shaft and capital unite in a form of
symmetrical, or, it may be said, even of graceful proportions; whilst the
junction of each member is graduated by a band of simple ogee moulding.

The face of the shaft is decorated with a moulded panel occupying
almost its entire surface, measuring 1 foot 9 inches high, by 9| inches
wide, between the inner beads. The panel encloses the representation
of a ship's anchor boldly sculptured, the surface being deeply sloped to
bring the carving into relief. The shank of the anchor is surmounted
by a ring, swivelled on a head. The two arms of the anchor appear to
have been flattened towards their points, and though the thinner edges
are broken, enough is left to suggest that they had originally terminated
in flukes. A projection below the crown is pierced by a hole, possibly
an arrangement used in tricing up the anchor when it had reached
the ship's hawse hole. The representation of an object so familiar,
complete in all its details, appears significant not only of the early de-
velopment of the typical form here shown but of its long survival, for
it can hardly be said to have been even yet superseded. It will be
seen, too, that we have here an example of forged iron work which
could be produced only by handicraftsmen of great skill in their trade.

Each side of the altar shaft is relieved by a blank moulded panel, the
depth of eight inches allowing no room for further sculpture. But the
absence of elaboration is in keeping with the general design, adding
greatly to its effect. The altar is plain at the back. A tenon at its
foot shows that it had fitted into the socket of a separate base stone.

The volutes on the capital have been broken away by damage at an

I I

arly period ; but the focus on the top has been left almost intact. It
is rectangular in form and is surrounded by a prominent lip.

Across the face of the capital, a narrow ansated panel is lettered
with the first portion of the dedicatory inscription. The words are

OCIANO LEG

The lettering is well cut and perfectly legible. Between the two words
there is a minute leaf stop, point upwards. In the panel below, reading
alternately on either side of the anchor are the letters

VI VI

P F

Expanded the inscription reads : OCIANO LEGIO SEXTA VICTRIX PIA
FIDELIS. ' To Oceanus, the Sixth Legion, the Victorious, the Pious'
the Faithful [dedicate this altar]." 1

The second stone brought up from the river bed . is evidently the
loose base of an altar. Its upper edge is surrounded by an ogee
moulding and its top recessed to receive a superstructure. The altar
to Oceanus being placed on this base was found to be too broad for
it, and the two stones were set apart again, the supposition being that
they were not adapted for each other.

A casual examination of the Oceanus altar immediately suggested
its correspondence with the Neptunus altar in the Black-gate museum.
This altar was dredged up when the works of the swing bridge were in
progress. It is illustrated in Archaeologia Aeliana, vol. xn., p. 7, and
a, comparison with the illustration now before you will show an identity
of design and execution in the two altars. A careful measurement
confirms this, for each answers to the other in every particular dimen-
sion. Both altars were found at the site of the Aelian bridge and have
been in all probability connected in some way with that structure.
They are twin productions, if not from the same chisel, certainly from
one and the same design. The conclusion is a natural one ; that they
originally furnished the right and left side of a sanctuary dedicated to
the deities typified on the faces of the stones. Neptune, ' the earth
shaker,' rode upon if indeed he did not rule the waves. Oceanus was
not only omnipresent at sea, venerated as father of all the gods, but
was reverenced as presiding over the tributary rivers. He it was that
the seafarer might propitiate before setting forth. The incoming sailor
remembered Neptune, as the Batavian troops at PROCOLITIA remem-
bered how he had brought them safely over the North Sea when they
left us his form sculptured in repose. 2 Thus it was that these deities
had their shrine in one house, where he that came remembered the
tutelary Neptune or he that fared forth bespoke the grace of Oceanus,

Looking on the faces of these twin altars we are reminded of this
coming and going at the Quayside. They recall to us the fears and hopes
that animated the embarking and the incoming travellers of that far
off time. Their votaries would include the civilian on business and the
soldier on service. To them, too, would in all likelihood resort veterans
of the Cohort of Aelian Marines, who won their diploma of citizenship
in manning the fleet that may have sailed from under the walls of Pons
Aelii. And these altars are still typical of the port of Tyne and of its

i The Legio Stcunda Augusta was sent to Britain in the time of the Emperor
ludius [?]. The Legio Saxta Vietrix left Spain in A.D. 70 for the Lower Rhine in
Germany, whence in 120 it was sent to Britain : in 89 it acquired the epithet of pi
ftdelis. The Legio xiii. Gemina came to Britain in 43 from Germany, and returned
thither in 70. The Legio xx. Valeria Vittrix was sent to Illyricum in A.D. 10, thence
it went to Cologne where it remained till 43, when it was sent to Britain.

2 See Arch. Aeliana, xn. p. 76

metropolis at Newcastle. For, as in the past, so in the present, we are
found linking our fortune with Neptune and great Ocean." 1

The secretary (Mr. Blair) reported that two Roman coins, taken out
of the river near to the place where the altar was found, had been shown
to him. They were :

1 JEt Hadrian.

obv. HADRIANVS AVG ; laureated head of the emperor to left ;
rev. FELICITATI AVG ; a galley with rowers.

2 M Trajan.

Obv. NERVAE TRAIANO AVG GER DAC PM TR P COS III P P ; laureated

bust to right.
rev. FELICITAS AVGVST : figure standing to left, holding cornucopia

and thunderbolt.

The former, an untarnished coin, Mr. Blair passed round the room for
inspection.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Heslop by acclamation for his paper.

BEDE MEMORIAL AT ROKER.

Mr. Blair also read a letter, dated 27 May, addressed to the
secretaries by Mr. John Robinson, the secretary to the Bede ' National '
Memorial Committee at Sunderland, in terms of a resolution of that
committee, asking them to bring the object before the society, and
requesting the sympathy and support of members. It is intended to
erect in the public park at Roker, on the sea coast, an Anglian Cross
about 18 feet high, from a design by Mr. C. C. Hodges of Hexham.
Enclosed with the letter were a list of subscribers and an extract from
the Newcastle Daily Journal of 26 May, being a note on the Venerable
Bede by the Rev. D. S. Boutflower, vicar of Monkwearmouth.

The chairman said that Mr. Dillon, the secretary of Palmer's Ship-
building Company at Jarrow, had stated that ' Jarrow was the home of
the screw collier, and the home of Bede. That was probably the reason
they were going to erect a memorial to the Venerable Bede at Roker,
a place that the great scholar never heard of. It was like erecting a
memorial to Lord Armstrong at Ramsgate, or a statue to Sir Charles
M. Palmer at Penzance.'

MISCELLANEA.

At a meeting of the Numismatic Society of London on 23 April,
1903, ' Mr. L. A. Lawrence exhibited a penny of Edward I. (?) struck at
Newcastle, and bearing a similar portrait of the king as that on the
London half -penny shewn by him at the previous meeting of the Society.'
Athenaeum for 2 May, 1903, p. 566.

A charter, granted * apud Dissington in Norhumbria ' on the 1 1
Sept r in his 22 d year, by Alexander, king of the Scots, ' ad capellanum
solitarium sustentandum,' was witnessed by ' Patricio Comite de
Dunbarr,' and others. Registrum Moraviense, 31.

l The Ociano altar and the base stone have since been presented to the society by
the River Tyne Commissioners. The base appears to be that intended originally for yet
another altar. An extemporised base of wood has accordingly been used for the Ociano
altar, and the newly found stone base has been temporarily set under the Neptuno
altar in the Black-gate museum. Both altars now stand ms-a-vii on the step at the
entrance of the east window recess.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THI

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.
VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 6.

The first out-door meeting of the season was held on Friday, the 3rd
day of July, 1903, at

CHESTERS (Cilurnum).

About thirty members and friends assembled at Chollerford station
on the arrival there at 12 noon of the train leaving Newcastle at 10-40.
On the invitation of the secretaries, Mr. J. P. Gibson of Hexham,
kindly undertook to act as guide to the party.

The eastern abutment of the Roman bridge, which formerly spanned
the North Tyne about half a mile below Chollerford, was first visited,
when its principal features were pointed out by Mr. Gibson. For
description of the structure by the late Mr. Sheriton Holmes, see
Arch. Ael. xvi., 328, where the writer very ingeniously attempts to
reconstruct the bridge from the fragments scattered about. Members
thence proceeded to ' the George,' where light refreshments were
partaken of. They next made their way to Chesters museum,
which, by the kindness of Mrs. Clayton, was inspected by the
visitors, though the collections were in process of rearrangement.
Here are collected inscriptions and other antiquities from the five
Roman camps belonging to Mrs. Clayton, and from other places ;
all are fully described in the recently published Guide to the
museum.

Some time was occupied in a perambulation of the camp, to which
members next made their way, the different gateways, the ' forum,'
and buildings near the river, being duly visited. Very little has been
done lately towards uncovering the remains. The chief work accom-
plished has been the removal of the mound in the centre of the
northern portion of the ' forum,' thus exposing the remains of the
flagstones with which it had been paved. During the operations
a well about three feet in diameter was discovered, also a large
phallic ornament in high relief within a circle on one of the flagstones
on the west side of the enclosure.

On leaving the grounds at the lodge, brakes which were in waiting
were taken to Limestone-bank, to enable the party to examine the
ditch of Wall and vallum there, cut through the great whin -sill.

On the way, the Cheviots on the north-east, on the northern verge of
Northumberland, and Cross Fell on the south-west, were distinctly
visible ; the valley of the North Tyne, with Chipchase castle gleaming
on its banks, was also in full view.

On returning to Chollerford, members sat down at six o'clock to a
well-served dinner at ' the George,' presided over by Mr. R. C. Clephan,
a vice-president, supported by Mr. J. R MacLuckie of Falkirk, the
guest of the society. At the end of the repast, the chairman, in a few
well- chosen words, proposed a cordial vote of thanks to Mr. Gibson for
his services during the afternoon ; he also welcomed, in the name of
the society, Mr. MacLuckie, whom the society had specially invited
to its meeting that day, as a slight acknowledgment of the kindness
and trouble he had taken during the visit of the society to Falkirk
last season.

The resolution was carried by acclamation.

Mr. MacLuckie replied, thanking the members for their kindness.

Mr. T. Williamson of North Shields, exhibited a fine aureus of
Trajan of c. 116, recently acquired by him, It had been found near
Brampton, and may thus be described:

obv. IMP CAES NEB TRAIAN OPTIM GER DAC PARTHICO ; head

laureated and bust draped to right.

rev. P M TR P cos vi PP s p Q R ; a trophy between two captive
Parthiaiis, male and female, seated on ground ; in exergue

PARTHIA CAPTA.

Most of the members left Chollerford by the 8'24 p.m. train, for their
respective destinations, after an enjoyable afternoon.

Amongst those who were present were : Mr. R. C. Clephan, Tyne-
mouth ; Mr. W. J. Armstrong, Hexham ; Mr. and Mrs. Williamson and
Miss Williamson, North Shields ; Mr. Edward Wooler, Danesmoor,
Darlington; Mr, John D. Robinson, Gateshead ; Mr. Oliver, Morpcth ;
Dr. Wilson, Wallsend ; Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Wood, South Shields ; Mr.
J, R. MacLuckie. Falkirk ; Mr, Wm. Smith and Miss Smith, Gunnerton ;
Mr. Robt. Blair, South Shields, and Mr. R. Oliver Heslop, Newcastle
(secretaries); Mr. J, P. Gibson, Miss Gibson, and Mrs. J. Gibson, Hex-
ham; Dr, Wilkinson and Mr. Wilkinson, Tynemouth ; Mr. G. Irving
and Mr. John Irving, West Fell, Corbridge ; Mr, C. Hopper, Croft ;
Mr. S. S. Carr, Tynemouth ; Mr. J. M. Moore, and Miss Armstrong,
Harton ; Mr. W. Glendenning, Mr. Conrad White, and Mr. W. C. Foster,
Newcastle.

MISCELLANEA.

. In a recent secured book catalogue of A. J. Ridler & Co. the
following local items appear :

1682. Newcastle. Indenture of Apprenticeship of John Ilutchinson, of Hunder-
thwait, Yorks, to Win. Bayles, of Newcastle, Merchant Adventurer. Registeied
1083. Signatures. 13s. 6d.

1683. Newcastle. Indenture of Apprenticeship, John Smithson, of Moulton,
Yorks, to Thomas Harrison, Merchant Adventurer, of Newcastle. Registered
1684. Signatures. 13s. 6d.

Proc. 8oc. Antiq. Newc. i. (3 ser.)

To face page 54.

THE FOSSE OF THE WALL, LIMESTONE BANK, LOOKING E., WITH LARGE BLOCK OF WHIN-STONE

ON LEFT HAND.
THE SAME BLOCK OF WHIN-STONE, WITH DR. BRUCE STANDING NEAR IT.

(This plate given by the Hon. Mr. Justice Bruce).

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. I. ( 3 Ser.)

To face pa<re 5

REMAINS OF THE JACOBEAN MANOR HOUSE,
From a photograph by the Rev. R. C. MacLeod, Vicar of Mitford.

REMAINS OF THE NORMAN CASTLE.
From a photograph by Dr. D. H. Stephens of North Shields.

55
PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 7.

An afternoon meeting of the society was held on Saturday, the 4th
day of July, 1903, at

MITFORD AND NEWMINSTER.

On arrival at Morpeth railway station, the Newcastle contingent was
met by the hon. and rev. W. Ellis of Bothal, and other Morpeth
members, and they all proceeded, some in the carriages of the Morpeth
members by road, the others on foot by the fields, direct to

MITFORD,

where they were kindly met by the Rev. R. C. MacLeod, vicar of
Mitf ord, who guided the party to the castle, which he briefly described.
For a full description of the remains by the late Mr. F. R. Wilson, on
a previous visit of members, see these Proceedings, in. 115. See also
vol. v. p. 255.

From the castle Mr. McLeod led the way to the remains of the
Jacobean manor house. In a portion of it, now used as a cottage, there
is an interesting dog spit (see Proceedings in. 122), one of a few in the
kingdom, another being in the ancient castle of St. Briavels, within
the old forest of Dean.

The church was next visited. Owing to decrease of population, the
nave was shortened by a bay many years ago, but when the building
was restored by the late Colonel Mitford, a new bay was added at the
west end, so that now it is of the original length. On the previous
visits the church also was fully described. For this, see the same
volumes of the Proceedings already referred to.

The bells and communion plate, including a cup of 1699, have been
described in the Proceedings in. 115, to which members are referred.

A few notes relating to Mitford, collected from various sources, are
here given :

In the old taxation of one mark in 40, Mitford is thus entered
' Ixij marcae, xxd Rectoria de Midford,' the tax being xxjs. ob.

On the 2 [6th] non. Oct. 1311, Nicholas de Massam, vicar of
Mitford, was on a commission relative to the presentation to the
church of Morpeth. 1 In 1315, certain money in the hands of the vicar

i Reg. Pal. Dun. in. 94; I. 131.

belonging to the late vicar of Hartburn, was ordered by the bishop to
be used in the repair of the defects at Hartburn. 2

Peter the priest, son of John parson of Mitford, granted Aldworth
to Newminster, with common of pasture, to feed once a year 100
poor people, for the souls of all the lords of Mitford, reserving annually
to the lords of Mitford and their heirs 13d. for an oblation at the
feast of St. Thomas the apostle, and as a greater security he gave to
the monks a charter of his feoffment. In the list of benefactors this
is again mentioned as Roger Bertram the third confirmed to Newminster
the grange of Aldworth, which Peter the priest, son of John formerly
parson of Mitford, sold to the monastery. 3

In 40 Henry III. [1256] William de Cumbre Colston took refuge in
the church, and acknowledging that he had stolen a certain horse, he
abjured the kingdom before Adam Baret the coroner ; his goods were
worth 6s. 3d. In 53 Henry III. [1269] Adam de Brokenfend of
Hedon appointed Nicholas the clerk of Mitford, or another, in his
place, in an action against Ralph Gaugy, at the assizes of that year
held in Newcastle. At the assizes at Newcastle, 7 Edward I. [1279]
Ralph de Cotun was summoned to reply to Stephan, parson of
Mitford, on a plea of debt : on de Cotun admitting and promising to
pay 25 marks Stephan forgave the rest and costs. At the same assizes
the jurors found that the church of Mitford was in the gift of the king,
by the feoffment of John de Luthergrenes, and was worth 40Z. a year,
besides the chapel of Middleton worth 161. It had been alienated by
a certain Robert bishop of Durham. 4

Stephan de Euer, rector of Mitford, exchanged the tithes of Merden-
wood with the abbot and convent of Newminster for a meadow at
Harestanes, the abbey to pay two marks a year. This was confirmed
by bishops Pudsey and Farnham, and by the prior and convent of
Lanercost. 5

Roger Venys [Venis, Venice], who was vicar of Mitford from 1561 to
1570, was ordained sub-deacon at Auckland 17 Dec. 1558, upon a
title from Robert Ogle of Belsay, and priest 25 May 1559, to the same
title. In 1570 a suit was pending against him in the Durham
Ecclesiastical Court, when he had been vicar for 7 or 8 years, for
having been away from his living from St. Andrew's day then last
past, there having been since that day no service on holy days ; that
people in consequence were unburied by the priest, and that some
children had remained unchristened for ' lacke of a prest,' as one
witness deposed. Other witnesses said that he had been absent since
the preceding Candlemas twelve months, and that since then the parish
had been served by a Scottish priest only, and that he was absent
* emong the rebells, and haithe bene since before christinmasse,' the
church being served ' by one Sir Thomas Goodhusband.' 6 He appears
to have been deprived of his living in 1570. About the same time
Gawen Lawson and George Walby of Mitford, were before the same
court for scoffing, laughing and jesting in the church, and saying openly
to the curate during service ' come down and leave thy pratlinge.'
The curate was compelled to leave owing to the disorder ' to the
dishonoring of God and the defasinge of the Quenes laws.' Gawen
Lawson, who was one of the churchwardens, openly refused to eject
John Doffenby, an excommunicated person. The same John Doffenbie

2 Reg. Pal. Dun. II. 736. * Newm. Cart. (66 Surt. Soc. publ.) 108, 300.
* Northd. Astizc Rolls (88 Surt. Soc. publ.) 78, 2^0, 249. 336.

5 Jiewm. Cart. 41, 12, 43.
e Depos. and Eccl. Proc. (21 Surt. Soc. publ.) 200 & n.

of Pigden, Roger Fennicke of Mitford, and Mark Ogle of the parish
of Ponteland, were before the court for brawling in the church and
churchyard. They had spoken blasphemous and slanderous words
there. Christopher Bullock and Gawen Lawson the churchwardens
had much ado to quiet them, John Doffenby daring any one ' to com
who durst and cary him out of the church, for they should first bynd
his hands and feet.' The curate was driven to leave off the service. 7
At the Restoration Mr. Benlows, who was afterwards a counsellor
of law, and a justice of the peace, was ejected from Mitford. 8
Amongst the 14 century ordinations are the following:
On 17 Dec. 1334, by the bishop of Carlisle, Robert de Mitford, a
monk of Newcastle, was ordained an acolyte. On 22 Dec. 1337,
brother Walter de Mitford, a canon of Alnwick, was ordained acolytus
religiosus ' by the bishop in the chapel of Auckland manor ; on the
4 id. June 1340, sub-deacon by John, bishop of Carlisle; in 1341,
deacon by Boniface, bishop of Corbania, in Durham cathedral church ;
and on 11 kal. Oct. [21 Sep.] 1342, priest, by Richard bishop of
Bisaccia, in the same place. On 17 Nov. 1335, a William de Mitford
received the first tonsure in Gateshead chapel. On 13 kal. Jan.
[20 Dec.] 1343, John de Mitford was ordained acolyte by the bishop
of Bisaccia, in Durham cathedral church. At Epiphany 1340, Richard
Mitteford received the first tonsure from the bishop of Durham, in
the chapel of Durham castle. 9

In 1256, a fine was levied at Newcastle for a house in Berwick by
Roger son of Ralph de Berewyk, to Stephen de Novo Castro, who had
to answer in the sum of 2d. to the former for ward of the castle of
Mitford, for all service, &c. At the assizes of that year [40 Henry
III.], Evota daughter of William de Tyniton, and Femota daughter of
Nicholas of the same, coming from the fair 10 [faeria] of Mitford, were
robbed in the wood of Stobbeswude by unknown malefactors ; hue
and cry was raised. At the same assizes, the jury found that Roger
le Lung of Witton, and Walter de Scheles of the same place, were
drowned by accident, with two horses, in the water of Wanespik, near
Mitford. The horses were worth 12s. No one was blamed, though
Richard son of Walter, was present, but as he did not attend, he was
attached. 11

The Testa de Nevill ' informs us that Roger Bertram held the barony
of Mitford by five knights' fees, and that all his ancestors had held it
by the same service since the Conquest. At the assizes of 7 Edward I.
[1279], the jury found that Roger Bertram held the barony of Mitford
by service of five knights' fees, of which 3 and a quarter had been
alienated to Hugh de Eufre, and Walter de Cambow owed service for
a fee and a half : the last-named produced a charter of Roger, with a
charter of king Henry III. testifying that that king had accepted the
feoffment. At the same assizes, concerning military fees, &c., the jury
found that the manors of Magna Eyland, Parva Eyland, Merdefen,
and Claverden, with the advowson of the church of Mitford, were
alienated from the fee of Mitford by Roger Bertram and William de
Valence, as were other places, including the park of Mitford, by the
said Roger Bertram and Hugh de Eufre. That they were all alienated

'1 Depot, and Ecel. Proe. 90-95. 8 Calamy, Soneonf. M*m. in, 75.

R!1. Pal. Dun. ill. 156, 157, 109, 121, 189, 199, 167, 131, 207.

10 Philip de Ulcotes obtained the barony of Mitford on its forfeiture by Roger
Bertram. He obtained permission, on payment of ten marks, to hold his annual fair
at Mitford for eight days instead of four. Scott, Border Antiquities, I. 73,
n Northd. Attite Rollt, 79, 98, 410.

by Roger Bertram in the time of Henry III. At this time, William
de Otteley was bailiff of the vill of Mitford. At the same assizes
[1279], the jury found that by accident Jul' le Portere fell from
Mitford bridge and was drowned. Cristiana de Lonesdale was taken
in the vill on suspicion of theft and imprisoned, but escaped : for
which escape the vill was fined 8Z. 12

At the muster of Castle and Morpeth wards at Clifton field on 24
Nov. 38 Eliz. [1595], under ' defective men,' ' Mitfurthe ' is entered
' Robte. Mitfurthe and 2 others.' 18

In 7 Edward I. [1279], Peter is the forester of Mitford. 15 Henry
Red of Mitford occurs in 1342. 14

At the assizes of 40 Henry III. [1256], the prioress of Newcastle
appointed as her attorney William the chaplain or another, in a suit
against Robert de v Mitford. At the same assizes, Walter the man of
the parson of Mitford, having been pointed out by an approver as the
committer of a burglary, was outlawed. Robert de Mitford was one
of the jurors. Thomas son of Robert de Mitford, was one of those
who had to answer at the assizes of 53 Henry III. [1269], for setting
on fire the prior of Tynemouth's mill at Shields, maltreating the monks,
seizing the prior's ships, &c. . At those of 7 Edward I. [1279], John
de Lisle sought to recover some rent from Robert de Mitford, who was
a burgess of Newcastle, for appurtenances in Newcastle. A Robert
de Mitford was one of the pledges for Beatrix de Witefield. He was
also bailiff of Newcastle and one of the jurors. 15 On 11 Oct. 1316,
the keepership of the bishop's manor of Howden was on a vacancy
entrusted to William de Mitford of the Cistercian order. 16 On 29 Sep.
1595, Mittford was one of the principal men of the middle marches.
On 24 Sep. 1597, Rob. Mytforthe was a juror at Newburn. 17

The hospital of St. Leonard was not far from Mitford. A modern
residence, known as ' the Spital,' is built on the site. The following
are one or two notes relating to it : 18

An agreement was made on 25 May 1489, between Newminster,
Brinkburn, and the master of St. Leonard's hospital near Mitford with
respect to boundaries, ' le Falland Cross ' is mentioned. On the'26
Jan. 1491, Henry Gray, lord Gray, for the souls of himself and that
of his late wife Margaret, and of his then wife Katherine, &c., granted
to Robert the abbot, and the monks of Newminster, two waste chapels,
one called ' the chapel of St. Cuthbert de Calce, commonly called
Calcekyrke, near Bokynfelde,' the other the chapel of St. Leonard by
Mitford, in return for which a mass should be celebrated ' curn de luce
migraverimus.' He appointed George Percy, knight, and Thomas
Harbottel, the chaplain, his attorneys. On the 26 July of the same
year, another indenture, in English, referring to the same, was made
between the abbot of Newminster and the prior of Brinkburn, whereby
the abbot was to have the chapel of St. Leonard's, and the prior that
of St. Cuthbert near Bockenfield. On the 4 May, 7 Henry VII.
[1492], Thomas Burrow [Burgh], lord of Gainsborough, for the souls
of himself and of his late wife Margaret, granted and confirmed to New-
minster the same chapel of St. Leonard, on the same terms as in the
before-mentioned grant of Henry Gray. On 5 Sep. 1498, William

12 North. Astize Rolls, 3!i7, 350, 357, 386, ?98 : ' Testa de Nevill,' Arch. Ad. xxv.
is Calendar of Border Papers, II. 79. u Reg. Pal. Dun. in. 12*.

16 North. Atsize Rolls, 57, 58, 97, 129, 162, 294, 296, 350, 361, 399.
i Reg. Pal. Dun. 1Y. 143, 145, 156. 17 Cal. of Border Papers, n. 56, 405.

18 Newm. Cart. 248, 249, 251, 252, 254, 255. In the Rev. John Hodgson's time, the
ruins of St. Cuthbert's chapel, at Causey park, referred to in the text, were standing.

prior of Brinkburn, quit claimed rights to the same chapel. On the
same date, Newminster granted to Brinkburn a rent of 2s. a year from
the chapel, in lieu of a former rent of 4s.

After thanking Mr. MacLeod for his kind services, the party pro-
ceeded to Springhill, the residence of Mr. George Renwick, one of the
members of parliament for Newcastle, who, with Mrs. Renwick, heartily
welcomed the members.

Tea, dispensed by Mrs. Renwick and other members of her family,
and other refreshments having been partaken of, Mr. Oswald, in
felicitous terms, proposed a hearty vote of thanks to Mr. and Mrs.
Renwick. It having been accorded, Mr. Renwick, in reply, said he and
his family were extremely pleased to welcome them to Springhill. Sir
Benjamin Stone, M.P., had just left, and he was sorry that he could
not stay to meet them. Sir Benjamin had pre-arranged with one of
their members (the Rev. John Walker) to go to Whalton to witness
the ancient ceremony of bale-fire, and he desired him to convey his
regret to them. Proceeding, Mr. Renwick said he hoped they would
go down to Newminster abbey, but he regretted that it was not kept
in such an excellent state as he would desire. Last year the agent of
the estate was persuaded to chop down some of the trees, but still it
was not kept as he thought it ought to be, and he hoped they would
use their influence to get the agent to pay it still greater attention.
It was a most interesting ruin. Concluding, Mr. Renwick hoped they
would have pleasant memories of their visit to Springhill.

The plan of the abbey, seen from the hill on which Springhill stands,
was distinctly to be made out, the grassy mounds marking the lines
of the walls. The party then descended to the remains. The best pre
served object is the doorway at the w r est end of the nave. This was all
that appeared above ground before the excavations were made on the
site a few years ago. The late Mr. Woodman described the discoveries on
a former occasion (for his description and also rough plan of the abbey,
see these Proceedings, m. 110-115). Some well-carved corbels are lying
on the fenced in site of the chapter house (see p. 74, where an illustra-
tion, reproduced from a drawing by Mr, Jos. Oswald, shews them).

The following are a few notes from various sources relating to
Newminster :

At the assizes of 53 Henry III. [1269] the abbot of Newminster
appointed as his attorney brother John de Aketon, or John le Surrays,
in an action against William, son of Thomas de Brumpton, concerning
land. At the same time he appointed John de Kyrkeby, or Roger
de Wooderugh, in an action against the son of Alan de Calveley, 1 ,j

In 1311, Richard [Kellawe], bishop of Durham, issued a mandate to
the abbot of Newminster, reciting a letter from Berengarius, bishop of
Frascati, the pope's penitentiary, to bishop Bek, respecting the harsh
treatment of Walter de Wytton, who had quitted the abbey without
licence, and appeared in lay clothes for several weeks, and then
returning to the monastery and seeking mercy was beaten by the
cellarer and his servants, and was chained in a dire prison ; breaking
his chains he escaped, returned to the world for eight years, and
married. He again applied for admission, but the abbot refused
to receive him back into the convent. The effect of the mandate was,
that the abbot must obey the injunction of the pope's penitentiary
ordering his re-admission. 2

i North. Assize Rolls, 220 * Reg. Pal. Dun. \. 13.

The abbot is witness to a composition between the bishop of
Durham and the abbot of St. Alban's, relative to Tynemouth priory.
On 27 May, and 20 July 1313, the abbot is down for 22 marks in the
king's writs touching the fifteenths granted to him by the clergy.
On the return to a writ, the abbot is said to have no goods ecclesias-
tical. 8 On 23 Feb. 1313/4, the bishop of Durham addressed a letter to
the archbishop of York, concerning the seizure of a mortuary on the
death of Adam de Thornton, ' naturae debitum nuper solvens,' by the
abbot, which the rector of Meldon claimed, as the death had taken
place infra ipsius limites.' On 26 May 1314, the king was at New-
minster, as a writ is dated from that place. 4

Bishop Pudsey of Durham, granted the manor of Chopwell to
Robert, abbot of Newminster, in exchange for the manor of Wolsing-
ham, subject to certain reservations. In 1315, John, abbot of
Newminster, petitioned the bishop relative to the manor in which the
bishop and his tenants had common of pasture. In the same year,
the free tenants of Ryton, who had common of pasture, &c., com-
plained that the abbot had made a new ditch, which impeded both
the bishop and his free tenants in their free ingress, &c., to 350 acres
of wood and pasture to which they had formerly had access. The
jury, before whom the matter came, decided that without this the
free tenants had sufficient land nearer Ryton ; that the abbot was
never prevented from taking deer or birds ; and that the wood was
neither a warren nor a free chase. On the vigil of St. Matthew the
apostle, 1315, the bishop granted to John abbot of Newminster, rights
in his manor of Chopwell, and that if any of the bishop's cattle, or
those of his tenants, should get in owing to defect of gates, &c., they
should be impounded [ezcacientur]. On 16 kal. June [17 May] 1316,
the abbot was one of those summoned to Newcastle, touching the
aid to the king to frustrate the Scottish invasion. 5

The burgesses of Mitford quit claimed to Newminster land at
Mitford. Christiana de Mithford granted six pennies a year out of her
house to light blessed Robert of Newminster. 6

On 17 Dec. 1334, William de Tynemuth, a monk of Newminster, was
ordained sub-deacon by John, bishop of Carlisle. On 22 Dec. 1337,
brother John de Tynemouth, a monk of Newminster, was ordained
' acolytus religiosus ' in the chapel of Auckland manor, by the bishop
of Durham; and in 1341, priest by Boniface, bishop of Corbaiiia, in
Durham cathedral. At the same time, Thomas de Rayngton, Nicholas
de Carlo, and Thomas de Houghall, also monks of Newminster, were or-
dained acolytes by the same bishop of Corbania, at the same place. 7

After spending a very pleasant afternoon, most of the party left
Morpeth at 6' 11 p.m., for their respective destinations.

Amongst those present were : Mr. R. C. Hedley of Corbridge ; Mr.
C. W. Henzell and Miss McCrae of Tynemouth ; Mr. and Mrs. Dowson,
Mr. and Mrs. Oliver, and Mr. Matheson of Morpeth ; Mr. J. M. Moore
and Mr. R. Blair (secretary) of Harton ; Miss Armstrong of Westoe ;
Mr. W. W. Tomlinson of Monkseaton ; Mr. W. Smith and Miss Smith,
and a friend, of Gunner ton ; Mr. Jos. Oswald, Mr. and Mrs. R. S.
Nisbet, and Mr. Oliver of Newcastle : Mr. and Mrs. C. Hopper of Croft ;
the Hon. and Rev. W. Ellis of Bothal ; Mr. J. W. and Miss Gibson of
Bedlington ; and others.

3 Reg. Pal. Dun. i. 82 ; 11. 939, 961, 963.

* Ibid. II. 689, 1004 ; IV. 379, 388. Ibid. III. 731, 802, 805, 1283, 1285, 286.

6 Xewm. Cartulary, 29, 2^6. ~ Reg. Pal. Dun. ill. 106, 110, 156, 189.

PROCEEDINGS

OP THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903 No. 8

The usual monthly meeting of the society, was held in the library
of the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 29th day of July, 1903,
at seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. Thomas Hodgkin, D.C.L., F.S.A.,
&c., being in the chair.

Several accounts recommended by the council for payment were
ordered to be paid.

The following ordinary member was proposed, and declared duly
elected :

Lambert W. Middleton, Oakwood, Hexham.

Mr. F. W. Dendy said the council, with the approval of the society,
had commenced a new series of the Archaeologia Aeliana, and a new
series of the Proceedings of the society. The first series of the Archaeo-
logia now fetched a large sum. The second series, about to be replaced
by a third, consisted of twenty-five volumes, and brought from 20 to
30 . The ten volumes of the Proceedings, now come to an end, were also
very valuable, fetching from 8 to 10 ; so that practically those who
had been members of the society throughout the years covered by the
second series, had got an asset which they could now sell at a sum nearly
sufficient to pay their subscriptions for the whole period of their mem-
bership. It was evident that the present was an excellent time for
joining the society. New members would have the advantage of
starting at the beginning of the third series of the Archaeologia and
the third series of the Proceedings.

The chairman said they were very much indebted to Mr. Dendy for
bringing to their notice the fact that they, who thought they had been
simply spending their time and money in a pleasant literary occupa-
tion, had made a very good investment.

The following NEW BOOKS were placed on the table :

Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From the Reichslimeskommission : Limesblatt, No. 35, 27 May,
1903, with title page 1892-1900, and index.

From the Nova Scotian Institute of Science : Proceedings and
Transactions, x. (2 ser. in.) i. Sess. 1901-2. 8vo.

From Mr. T. May, F.E.I.S., the author : Roman Weights found at
Melandra (reprint from the Derbyshire Archaeological Society's
Journal for 1903).

Exchanges :

From the Yorkshire Archaeological Association : The Yorkshire

Archaeological Journal, pt. 67 (xvn. iii.) 8vo. Leeds, 1903.
From the Historisch-Philosophischen Vereins of Heidelberg : Neue

Heidelberger Jahrbucher, xn. i. 8vo. Heidelberg, 1903.
From the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries of Copenhagen :

(i.) Mdmoires, new series, 1902; (ii.) Aarboeger, xvn. ii. 8vo.
From the Royal Society of Norway : Nordiske Fortidsminder, parts

5 & 6, large 4to.

From the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire : Transactions
for 1901, LIII. (n.s. xvn.) 8vo. 1902.

From the Royal Archaeological Institute : The Archaeological Jour-
nal, LX., 2 ser. x. i. 8vo.

From the Numismatic Society of London : The Numismatic Chronicle,
4 ser. vol. in. No. 9. 8vo.

From the Cambrian Archaeological Society : Archaeologia Cambrensis,

6 ser. in. iii. 8vo.

From the Shropshire Archaeological and Natural History Society :
Transactions, 3 ser. in. ii. (special Battlefield number). 8vo.

From the Huguenot Society of London : Publications, xvn. ' Register
of the French Church of Thorney, Cambridgeshire.' 4to. Aber-
deen, 1903.

From the Derbyshire Archaeological and Natural History Society :
Journal, xxv. 8vo., 1903.

From La Societe d'Archeologie de Bruxelles: Annales, xvn., i. and
ii. 8vo.

Purchases : Laking's The Armoury of the Knights of St. John of Jerusa-
lem, Malta ; Payne-Gallwey The Cross-bow ; The Ancestor, nos.
1 and 3 ; J. Romilly Allen, The Early Christian Monuments of
Scotland ; Hodgson's History of South Shields ; Ephemeris Epi-
graphica, vol. x. pt. i. ; Mittheilungen of the Imp. German Arch-
aeological Institute, vol. xvn. iv., Rom, 1902; The Antiquary
for June, July and August, 1903 ; Notes and Queries, Nos. 284,
286-8, 290 and 291 ; The Reliquary, ix. iii. (July, 1903) ; The
Northern Genealogist, vi. i. ; and 12 plans of earthworks by the
Rev. E. A. Downam [these are of The Wrekin, Shropshire ;
Ashstead Common, Packesham, Walton Heath, Barnstead
Heath, Lagham Park and Dry Hill, Surrey ; Keston, Kent ;
Edburton Castle, Devil's Dyke (in 2 parts), Wolstonbury, and
Ditchling Beacon, Sussex].

Mr. R. Oliver Heslop, referring to the list of new books on the table
just read out by Mr. Blair, called the attention of members to the
publication by Mr. Gr. B. Hodgson of his History of South Shields. It
would be the wish of those present, he felt sure, to express congratula-
tion with their fellow member, Mr. Hodgson, on the completion of his
arduous task. The work embodies an amount of labour and research
extending over many years. How well it had been carried out was
apparent to those whose privilege it had been to see the work in its
progress through the press. It was a scholarly and conscientious book,
and its publication added a most important contribution to local

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. I. (3 Ser.)

To face page 63.

TITHE BARN, WARKWORTH,

( See opposite page. )

history. They as a society could not fail to recognize with pleasure*
the appearance of this volume by one of their own members ; and Mr.
Hodgson's brother journalists present ought to be equally proud in
recognizing the historical services rendered by one of their confreres.

The remarks were received with acclamation.

Later in the evening, the chairman called attention to the presence
of Mr. Hodgson, who had entered the meeting after the eulogy on his
book had been spoken. The chairman informed Mr. Hodgson of the
remarks made in his absence, and very cordially congratulated him.

Mr. Hodgson thanked his colleagues for their unexpected reference to
his book, and expressed obligations to members of the society who had
assisted him in its progress.

DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM.

By Mr. J. R. Crone (per Mr.
A. L. Steavenson of Holy-
well hall, Durham): parts
of a wooden shovel tip-
ped with iron, and an
iron pick, probably about
200 years old, found in
an old Weardale mine in
1885.
Thanks were voted to Mr.

Crone for his gift.

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. J. C. Hodgson, F.S.A.:
photographs of the old
tithe barn at Warkworth,
now being demolished.
Mr. Hodgson read the fol-
lowing notes on the build-
ing : " Adjoining the east
side of the churchyard of
Warkworth, there is a plot of
ground comprising about 975
square yards, upon a portion
of which there stood, until the
present month, a stone build-
ing of one storey, covered
with red pantiles. This plot
of ground was the stackgarth,
* )Ca ie itr and the building was the tithe

1 ' * ' ' ' ' ' ' barn, formerly belonging to

the appropriate rectory of Warkworth. The site is one of more
than ordinary interest, for either here or in the adjoining garden there
stood, it is believed, the Benedictine cell to which Farnham, bishop of
Durham, appropriated the church of Branxton. The tithe barn was
a building 60 feet long by 18 feet wide. On the south side were two
doors, one of which was immediately opposite a similar opening on the
north side ; the object of the arrangement being to obtain a through
draught for winnowing, when the corn was threshed with a flail by
a barnman. When in the occupation of the farmers of the tithes, the
barn was sometimes sub-let to theatrical companies or strolling players ;
the play Jane Shore was performed on April 21, 1849. When the

provisions of the Tithes Commutation Act, came into operation on the
expiration of the subsisting leases, the premises were no longer required
for the purposes for which, up to that time, they had been used. About
1860 the Ecclesiastical Commissioners (in whom the bishop of Carlisle's
estates had become vested), on the petition of the vicar of Warkworth,
granted the garth, with the buildings upon it, to the benefice, to form
a vegetable garden for the vicarage house. After being continuously
used for that purpose, the garden, or garth, was sold in May, 1899, by
the Rev. R. W. Dixon to Mr. Thomas Clutterbuck, whose residence
and garden adjoined the premises on the east. Although the vicar
acted within his legal rights, in the exercise of his discretion, and the
sale was for a valuable consideration, the act, in the writer's opinion,
was reprehensible, and to be lamented. Mr. Clutterbuck died shortly
afterwards, and the premises were sold by his executors and trustees
by private contract to Mr. John Short, who in May, 1903, sold and
conveyed them to Messrs. John and George Green, their present owners,
who are about to convert the barn into cottages. Fragments or
vestiges of a few other tithe barns still exist in the county, viz., at
Haltwhistle, Allendale, West Thirston, and perhaps at Great Swinburne.
Of the latter structure Mr. Cuthbert Riddell states that it belongs to
him, and not to the owners of the rectory of Chollerton, but he was
always told by his late father that it iiad been used as a tithe barn."

Thanks were voted to Mr. Hodgson.

The photographs have been reproduced in the plate facing this page.

By Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) : a second brass coin of Hadrian,
found in the river at Newcastle, near the Swing bridge :

obv. IMP CAESAR TRAiANVS HADRiANVS . . . . ; laureated head of

emperor to right.

rev. PONT MAX TR POT cos in. In exergue BRITANNIA. In
field s. c. A seated figure resting her head on her right
hand, spear in her left, her right foot on a helmet, on ground
a shield.

By Mr. E. Wooler of Darlington : A photograph of some Ancient
British flint implements, found at Newton Ketton, near Darl-
ington, some years ago, and presented to him by the executors
of the late Dr. Manson of Darlington (See Manson's Zig Zay
Ramblings of a Naturalist) The illustrations on the opposite plate
show them.

THE BISHOP'S PARK, BISHOP AUCKLAND.

A member reported that the bishop of Durham had appointed a
park keeper, and had notified last week that the park would be closed
to the free access of the public, not as in the time of bishops Baring,
Lightfoot, and Westcott, when it was open to all, and that admission
in the future would be by ticket only.

' THE CASTLES,' HAMSTERLEY, COUNTY DURHAM.

Mr. R. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following paper by Mr.
E. Wooler of Darlington, on ' The Ancient British camp known us
' The Castles ' near Hamsterley, Durham.'

" About a year ago a Darlington gentleman, knowing the interest I
take in such matters, brought under my notice some bronze celts,
which he had purchased amongst a lot of scrap metal (see Proc. !Soc.
Antiq. Newc. x. 360). On enquiry these celts were found to have

Proe. Soc. Antiq. Neios. L (3 Ser.)

To face page 64.

ROMAN VASE FROM PIERCEHRII >GK. I See pa^e ido.l

PRE-HISTORIC FI.INT ARROW HEADS FOUND AT NEWTON KETTON. ( See opposite i>age.
( All in possession of Mr. E. U'ooler of Darlington.)

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. I. (3 Ser.)

To face page 64.

No. 1, FROM THE INSIDE.

NO. 2, FROM THE OUTSIDE.
' THE CASTLES,' HAMSTERLEY. THE SOUTH-EAST CORNER.

come from the vicinity of the Ancient British camp of the Brigantes
at Stanwick, Yorks. Naturally this discovery at once revived my
interest in this camp, 1 which was a few days subsequently visited by
a party of about 30, including myself. Arising out of a newspaper
article which was published, describing the finding of the celts and
our visit to the camp, I received several letters from northern ar-
chaeologists pointing out, amongst other matters, that this camp
was probably on or immediately contiguous to the Black or Scots
dyke, the line of which has been distinctly traced through Northum-
berland to the north-western boundary of the county of Durham,
which it enters near Shorngate cross. 8 From this point, however,
its course through the county of Durham was largely a matter of
surmise, and accordingly I and my friend Mr. Turnbull instituted
investigations with the hope of finding such traces of the dyke
as would enable us to indicate its route after entering Durham
until arriving at a point on the Yorkshire side of the Tees opposite
Gainford church. So far as the object of our investigations is
concerned, we have not hitherto met with much encouragement,
but on one of our expeditions we visited the neighbourhood of Wol-
singham, and there found old remains of absorbing interest at
the place known as ' The Castles.' These are the ruins of what
appears to be an old fortification, probably of the Brigantes. Its
situation is within about 300 yards of Harehope burn, and to the
north- west]of Hoppyland 3 park, Hamsterley (see plan, p. 65). Situated
at the foot of a high ridge of hills, and standing at an altitude of
612 feet, is an enclosure of oblong form, the interior space being a
plane inclining to the south. The internal dimensions are to the
south 278 feet, to the north 249 feet, and the general width is 215
feet ; and on every side the structure was defended by lofty ram-
parts of stones with an outward ditch, the soil from the fosse having
been thrown inward, and the ramparts built upon it. Both the out-
side and inside walls were undoubtedly originally faced with quarried
stones (see plate facing p. 64) laid in courses, the intervening
space between the walls being filled in with loose stones. On the
eastern side, about the middle, there is evidence of there having been
at one time an entrance, but no reliable idea of the original size of

i See Clarkson's Richmond, 344 : VVhitaker's Richmondshire, ->06 ; Phillips's York-
shire, 222 ; and The Archaeological Journal, Nos. 23 and 24 (1849).
2 See Kitchin's Map of Northumberland.

3 The hoppings at Hamsterley and Byers Green were the most noted in the county
of Durham. In Yorkshire such a gathering is called a Wake, and in Lancashire a
Rush Bearing. These festivals were originally called Feasts of the Dedication, being
always held upon the days of the Saints to whom the respective parish churches are
dedicated. The word hopping is derived from the practice of hopping and dancing on
these occasions. Wake refers to the custom of waking or watching in the church all
the night previous, and reciting certain prayers set apart for the occasion ; and rush
bearing signifies the usage of bringing bull-rushes to strew in the church, as the
meetings were originally held in the churchyards, where it was a custom to build
bowers and tents, and to perform those rude dramas known by the names of Mysteries
and Moralities. According to Boldon Book, the villains of West Auckland had the
privilege of building 18 booths at the Fair of St. Cuthbert at Durham. The religious
tenor of these assemblages, however, seems to have been long forgotten, and climbing
greasy poles, grinning through horse-collars, leaping in sacks, and some other unmen-
tionable feats, have formed the amusement. In the present day foot-racing, coursing,
athletic games, fiddling, dancing and drinking, with an occasional boxing match by
way of variety, are the general pastimes. In Lancashire, the parties still deck out a
cart with bushes, &c., and fasten into a rope 20 or 30 yards long, to which they yoke
themselves in pairs and gallop up and down the town, a man running before and
cracking a whip, to compel everybody they meet, under the penalty ,of a sound whip-
ping, to catch hold of the rope and run a certain distance with them.

this opening can be formed, owing to the circumstances that the
whole of the wall is down, but in the centre of it is a large upright
flag, which conjecturally may have answered the purpose of a
door. The base of the stone ramparts exceeded 26 feet, and the
medium height of the walls outside was upwards of 15 feet. Near
the place of entrance on the east side, a stream runs down a deep
gill, showing that advantage had been taken of the natural forma-
tion of the ground to strengthen the defences of the fortress, and
probably a bridge or platform of trees or hurdles, which could be
easily either removed or destroyed, was used at this particular point.
Apparently the gill had been dammed up at the north-east corner,
in order to fill the ditches with water, and in all probability there
was also a dam at the south-east corner, for the purpose of more
effectually securing deep water. Judging from the manner in which
the wall has been thrown down, the fortification would appear to
have been attacked from the north, which is undoubtedly the weak-
est side. At the present time the site of the camp is partially
covered and surrounded by growths of mountain ash and birch trees,
and whin bushes, and the ditches are filled with growing brushwood.
Looking from the beck the wall is stupendous, as on this side the
greatest quantity of materials has manifestly been needed, in order
to bring the ridge to the level of the rest of the work. It is difficult
to conjecture whence the stones were obtained to build the fort, as
there is no appearance of any such materials on the adjacent lands.
Although the enclosed space is now covered with trees and under-
growth, there are evidences that the whole space has been ploughed
at no very distant time. ' The Castles ' is on land which now
forms part of the estate of Mr. Blenkinsopp of Hoppyland Park,
with whom I have been in communication, and from whom I hope
to obtain permission to excavate a trench some three feet deep across
the internal space, in the hope of making discoveries to throw light
on the age of the remains. Mr. Blenkinsopp tells me the property has
been in his family for about 150 years. Some remains discovered
he describes as looking like ' fossilized tusks,' and he also says some
slag was found in one or two places near by, as though ironstone
had been smelted there. The property was formerly copyhold, held
of the bishop of Durham, and was anciently part of the possessions
of the Eures, who held it for many generations. The following is an
abstract of the title, from 1614 to 1805:

4 May, 12 James 1. (1614) Demise I/-. Jno. Calverley to Robt.
Hutton junr. son and heir of Ro: Hutton D.D. one parcel of land
late waste of the lord lying nigh foot of Ewden called the Nether
Close containing by estm. 3 ac. of land with the appurts. formerly
in the tenure of Richd. Hawdon.

5 Ap.,'8 Charles 1. (1632) fo. 982. 1/4. Thos. Garthorn to his
brother Anthony The same premises with one parcel of land late
waste of the lord now inclosed with one house thereupon built
lying at Ewdon nigh the pissing Carr containing by estm. 1 ac. of
land and also the above.

24 Sep. 24 Ch. 2. (1672) fo. 1591. d. Admittance of Thos. Garthorn,
son and heir of Anthony to the same premises.

25 Sep. 3 W. & M. (1691), fo. 1321 1/4 Thos. Garthorn to Wm:
Blackett the same premises.

24 Ap. 1734, fo. 205. d. 1/4. Admittance of Jno. Blackett, ne-
phew and heir of William to the same premises.

5 Jan. 1768, fo. 200 d. 1/4 and 2/2. Jno. Blackett to Nics. Walton

In Trust for William Leaton The same premises with 2 Allotments
of 2 ac, and 4 ac. 2 r. p.

28 Feb. 1805, fo. 78 d. 1/4 and 2/2. Admittance of Nic. Walton
son and heir of Nic. to the same premises.

4 Mar. 1805, fo. 79 d. 1/4 and 2/2. N. Walton to G. T. Leaton
to Robert Walters the same premises.

In regard to the trench I hope to be allowed to dig, as it must not
be forgotten that there is something to be gained, some knowledge to
be acquired, by careful and observant digging, properly carried out.
The feeling that I was trying, and not altogether unsuccessfully, to
decipher a partly obliterated page of history has been something
so strong, that it required little imagination to form a mental
picture of the old occupants of the camp. There is no doubt that
* The Castles ' was constructed in very remote antiquity, and not
either in modern times or since the country was cleared of wood, its
situation being such that all the surrounding lands command it,
and it would have been untenable against even the most primitive
artillery. Roman writers tell us that Caesar found the inhabitants
of Britain dwelling in huts in the midst of thick woods and forests,
and in strongholds concealed among the mountains. The whole of
the country around ' The Castles ' was originally forest land. In
every particular the place answers to the descriptions of the Ancient
British strongholds, surrounded by a mound of stones without any
cementing material, in a concealed and secure retreat, hidden by
hills and enclosed in a thick wood (Hutchinson, Durham, in. 374).
Under such circumstances the place was well nigh impregnable. It
may bs surmised that the more distant approach was through a
wood by a pathway, only negotiable by one person at a time, as in
the backwoods of America ; the nearer passes probably blocked by
barricades. The permanent habitations of the Brigantes were
crowded together in forests, without any attempt at order or regu-
larity, and the village or rude aggregation of huts denned by a
mound of loose earth or stones piled up in a ridge, which was fur-
ther strengthened by a ditch outside, and logs of timber heaped up
inextricably by way of barricades, formed the outwork. The huts
consisted of a few poles placed in a circular form, wattled with
hurdles and covered with turf. The manners and customs of the
Brigantes are chiefly to be gathered by interpreting what remains
of their dwellings and tombs, their towns and camps, their stones
of memorial and circles of assembly, their weapons and tools, or-
dinary earthenware and principal ornaments. Caesar, speaking of
the southern parts of Britain, says that the buildings were numer-
ous and much like those of Gaul. The houses were tapering huts,
construsted of wood on a circular basis. Of these humble structures
we have only the foundations, of which there appear to be three
varieties. In the first example, which occurs frequently in the
north, south, and south-eastern districts of Yorkshire, the ground is
excavated in a circular shape, so as to make a pit from 6 to 8, or
even 16 to 18 feet in diameter, with a raised border, and of the
depth of 3. 4, or 5 feet. Over this cavity we can imagine branches
of trees, so arranged as to form a conical roof, perhaps rendered
weather proof by wattling a covering of rushes or sods. The open-
ing would probably be on the side removed from the prevalent wind.
Traces of fire have been found in the centre of many of the cavities
examined. The Rev. W. Greenwell (British Barrows,) tells us:

' That the Brigantes lived in an organized condition of society
may be considered as quite certain and as a necessity of such a
state, they must have been under the government of a head, most
probably the chief of a clan. They had unquestionably long passed
beyond a stage when the family is the only community, and they
were ruled by order and constraint, embracing wider bounds than
those comprised within the authority of relationship in its more
limited sense. The magnitude of the camps would in itself imply
this, as from the amount of continued labour bestowed upon them,
they could never have been erected, except by a community which
included many families. The very extensively and strongly con-
structed defensive arrangements (enclosing in many instances large
tracts of country within their lines) are strongly indicative of a com-
bination which necessitated a union of very considerable bodies of
men, and there is every reason to believe that these works were
constructed by the same people. Within what may perhaps be de-
signated as a larger federation, held together by common origin and
mutual interest, there were doubtless several smaller tribal divisions,
ruled over by their respective chiefs, either independent of or more
or less under the authority of the federal head. It may also be that
there were still more minute sub- divisions, where the family govern-
ment might prevail, and where the interest and property in the
land would be parcelled out into tracts, not larger than what is com-
prised witnin contiguous ranges of high land, in some cases not
more extensive perhaps than the present parishes. The west of the
county of Durham consists of a tract of high land which has never
been cultivated, but would, in similar circumstanced parts of Eng-
land, have been occupied with the cairns and barrows of the people
who once lived there. Such memorials of the dead are almost en-
tirely, if not altogether, wanting on the Durham moorlands. Camps
or other fortified places are very uncommon, and seem, with the
exception of some of doubtful date on Cockfield Fell, 4 to be con-
fined to the valley of the Wear. I visited The Castles ' on Satur-
day, the 6th June, 1903, with my friends Messrs. Turnbull and
Mountford, and found climbing the mounds of stones a difficult
task. The interior plain would be capable, according to Hutchinson,
of receiving about 500 huts of the character above described so
that the fortress would secure within the ramparts probably between
2,000 and 3,000 people, basing the calculations on five persons or
thereabouts to each hut. Some antiquaries surmise that this
camp was on the line of the Scots or Black dyke (see Bruce' s
Roman Wall), others that the Brigantes after they were defeated
by the Romans at Stan wick camp, fled hither and entrenched
themselves. As favouring the latter view, a road leads from ' The
Castles ' to Stanwick, and Ancient British and Roman remains
have been found within a few miles of the old fortress.

I have here four photographs of ' The Castles ' from different
positions. Number 1 is a view of the south-east corner from
outside the fort ; number 2 is a view of the same corner from
the inside ; number 3 is the south of the ruins from the inside ;
number 4 is the east wall looking south on the top of the wall ;

< Lord Barnard's agent has very kindly lent me an old map of CockfieJd Fell,
made in 1810, in which the three camps mentioned in Hutchinson are shown. I think
there can be no doubt they are on the line of the Scots Dyke, as I have found another
camp near Winston station, described by Cade. There is a description of the camps on
Cockfield Fell given by Bailey in the Antiquarian Repertory.

and number 5 is a plan (see p. 65) of the camp prepared by my friend
Mr. Woodward of the Engineer's department of the North-Eastern
Railway."

These photographs have been reproduced in the plates facing pages
64, 66,, and 68, and numbered respectively 1,2, 3, and 4.

Thanks were voted by acclamation to Mr. Wooler for his paper.

THE VILLIERS FAMILY AND TYNEMOUTH CASTLE.

Mr. Blair read a supplemental paper by Mr. H. A. Adamson, V.P.,
on ' The Villiers Family as Governors of Tynemouth Castle and
owners of the Lighthouse,' which will be printed in Archaeologia
Aeliana, vol. xxv.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Adamson by acclamation.

THE ' TESTA DE NEVILL.'

Mr. J. C. Hodgson, V.P., F.S A., read ' Notes on the Sources of the
Testa de Nevill,' and gave extracts from it relating to Northumberland.

Thanks were voted by acclamation to Mr. Hodgson, who had borne
the cost of making the extracts from the original document, and it was
unanimously rosolved to print the paper in Archaeologia Aeliana, xxv.

MISCELLANEA.

THE PERCYS.

"A quaint rhyming chronicle of the Percies, compiled by William
Peeris, clerk and priest and secretary to the fifth earl of Northumber-
land, preserved in the Bodleian library (Dodsworth MS.. L, fol. 119),
gives this reason for Sir Henry Percy being named Hotspur :
The eight Henry, sone to the seaventh Henry bounteous and good,

His father yet livinge, was a right valiant knight,
And did many notable acts, as became his noble blond,

For defence of his Princes Kealme hee spared not to fight,
For his sharpe quicknesse and speedinesse at neede,

Henry Hottespur hee was called indeede.

The chronicler goes on to describe him as ' crowne of all vertues,' and
then speaks of the place of his burial :

In Yorke Min.ster this most honourable knight
By the first earle his father lyeth openly in sight.

The Antiquary, for July 1903, p, 206.

PREROGATIVE COURT OF CANTERBURY, 1631-1634.

Extracts relating to Durham & Northumberland :

Haselwood, John, of Ogle castle (p. Whalton), Northumberland, gent.

Will [43 St. John] pr. Ap. 27 by Sir Henry Babington, kt.
Howson, John, D.D,, Lord Bishop of Durham, dec d in p. St. Sepulchre,

Lond. Will [24 Audley] pr. Nov. 14 by Gilbert Ford.
Smith, Elizabeth, of Durham, widow (described in the will, <tut<'</

March, as ' late of Durham, and now of Little Eden ' [p. Easing-

ton co. Durham]. Will [65 Audley] June 16 to dau. Elizabeth

Heath.
Smith, Roger (of p. St. Mary in the South Bailey), Durham (gent.).

Aclmon. w. Will [65 Audley] June 16, to dau. Eliz. Heath, rel.

Eliz. dec d .
Shaftoe, Henry, of Berwick on Tweed, co. Northumberland. Will

[53 Audley] pr. May 1, by brother Thomas.
Slmftow, Eplmihim (of Berwick on Tweed, gent., but belonging to the

4 Royal James' in HWO) ; deceased abroad unmarried. Will

[104 St. John] pr. Dsc. 22, by brother Thomas.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 9.

The usual monthly meeting of the society was held in the library
of the castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 26th day of August, 1903,
at seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. R. Coltman Clephan, F.S.A., one
of the vice-presidents, being in the chair.

An account, recommended by the council for payment, was ordered
to be paid.

The following ordinary members were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. Matthew R. Bigge, 18 St. George's Square, Stamford.

ii. James Thompson Nisbet, Criffel, Ryton.

iii. Ethel Mary Neucella Williams (Miss), M.D., &c., Newcastle.

The following NEW BOOKS were placed on the table :

Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From the librarian of the Newcastle Public Libraries : Useful Arts

Catalogue. 4to., J bd.

From Mr. T. V. Holmes, F.G,S., the writer : ' On Tree- trunk Water-
pipes ' (reprint from the Essex Naturalist, xni. 60-75). 8vo.

Exchanges :

From the Numismatic Society of London : Numismatic Chronicle,
4 ser. no. 10, 1903, pt. ii. 8vo. [In a paper by Mr. Grueber,
on the Colchester find of pennies of the early Henrys, &c., ' the
largest find of medieval coins that has ever occurred in this
country,' some interesting coins of ' the bishopric ' are noted.]
From the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A. : Natick
Dictionary, by James Hammond Trumbull ; large 8vo., cl.

Purchase : Jahrbuch of the Imperial German Archaeological Institute,
xvin. ii. 8vo. Rom, 1903 ; and Notes and Queries, 292-4,

DONATION TO THE MUSEUM.

By Mr. J. S. Robson : Eleven 18 cent, copper coins and tokens,
including penny of Isle of Man of 1766, Coventry token, half-
pennies and farthings of the Georges, found during the altera-
tions of his premises in Saville Row, Newcastle.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Robson.

EXHIBITED

By the Rev. Thomas Stephens, vicar of Horsley, Redesdale (per
Mr. R. Blair) :

(i.) A fine 17 cent. ' Book of Arms ' giving the coats of arms of the
peers of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and at the end those of
the gentlemen of Yorkshire, Northumberland, and Durham. Last
sold at the Phillips sale.

(ii.) Two Roman brass coins, from the bed of the river Tyne
at Newcastle, discovered when the foundations of the old bridge
were being removed to give place to the present swing bridge,
and purchased by his father, the late Dr. Stephens of North
Shields. One is a first brass coin of the emperor Hadrian, in
the finest condition, without the least trace of oxide, having
on obverse the laureated and bearded head of the emperor to
the right, with draped bust, and inscribed HADBJANVS AVGVSTVS ;
and on the reverse a galley with nine oars, though only 6 rowers,
having a man on the bow. and another man with 2 standards
on the stern, the inscription being FELICITATI AVG, in field s c.
and in exergue cos in PP The other is a second brass of the
elder Faustina, wife of Antonimis Pius, shewing her draped head
and bust on the obverse to right, with inscription DIVA PAVSTINA ;
and on the reverse a figure standing to left, and the inscription
AETERNITAS, in the field s c.

By Mr. Walter S. Corder ; Three Roman coins 2 of silver and 1
of bronze discovered in Swan & Hunter's yard at Wallsend,
near the end of the Roman Wall.

1. Den. Trajan.

obv. IMP TRAIANO AVG GER DAC p M TR p ; head laureated
and bust cuirassed and draped to right.

rev. cos v p P s p Q R OPTIMO PRINC ; figure standing to
left, cornucopia in left hand, rudder [?] in right.

2. Den. Hadrian.

obv. Inscription illegible ; bare head to right.
rev. MONETA AVG ; female figure standing to left, cornu-
copia in left hand, scales in right.

3. Third brass. Marius [?].

obv. Inscription illegible ; radiated head to right.

rev. [VICTORIA AVG] ; figure marching quickly to right.

A ROMAN TABLET FROM THE TYNE AT NEWCASTLE.

Mr. R. Oliver Heslop, F.S.A., one of the secretaries, read the following
notes on this discovery :

" The discovery of an alta% dedicated to Oceanus, found on the site
of the Aelian bridge at Newcastle, was announced at our meeting in
May last. This has been followed by the disinterment, on Thursday,
the 20th instant, of another Roman inscribed stone at the same place
and under similar conditions. We are again indebted to the engineer
of the River Tyne Commissioners (Mr. James Walker) for the discovery
itself, for the courtesy with which he has allowed the stone to be ex-
amined, and for the photographs now submitted for your inspection.

The stone before you has been a wall-tablet, inscribed upon a slab of
sandstone, close grained and of great hardness. It measures twenty-six
inches long by eighteen and three-quarter inches wide ; and in its
thinness, of about two inches only, it resembles on? of our footpath

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. I. ( 3 Ser.)

To face page 72.

MOv/C
AT'VKX

V \ACONR

ROMAN INSCRIPTION FROM THE RIVER TYNE AT NEWCASTLE.
( From a photograph by Mr. Charles Webb of the Tyne Commissioners' Office, Newcastle.)

GOLD AND SILVER COINS OF HADRIAN, WITH ANCHOR REVERSES, &c
In the French 4 Cabinet des Medailles de la Bibliotheque Nationale,' at Paris.

( From a photograph by Mr. Parker Brewis.)

flags. It is, with the exception of a slight crack, in an almost flawless
state ; the depth and conditions under which it has been buried having
been so favourable to its preservation that tool marks are yet fresh upon
it. Its whole face is covered with a moulded and ansated panel, the
centre compartment being filled with lettering occupying nine lines. The
inscription reads: IMP . ANTON [i] NO . AVG . PIO . p . PAT . VEXIL [L] A-

T[I]0 LEG . II . AVG . ET . LEG . VI . VIC . ET . LEG . XX . VV . CON[T]n[l]
BVTI . EX . GEB . DVOBVS . SVB . IVLIO . VERO . LEG . AVG . PR . P .

Expanded thus : IMP(ERATORI) . ANTONINO . AVG(VSTO) . PIO . p
(ATRI) . PAT(RIAE) . VEXIL[L]ATIO . LEG(IONIS) . SECVNDAE . AVG
(VSTAE) . ET . LEG(IONIS) . SEXTAE . VIC(TRICIS) . ET . LEG(IONIS) .
VICESIMAE . v (ALERIAE) v (ICTRICIS) . CON[T]R[I]BVTI . EX . GER
(MANIIS) . DVOBVS . SVB . IVLIO . VERO . LEG (ATO) . AVG (VSTI) . PR(O)
P(RAETORE) .

As Antoninus Pius became emperor in A.D. 138, and was succeeded
by Marcus Aurelius in A.D. 165, the date of the Newcastle inscription
falls presumably within the period of 27 years thus represented.
Towards the end of A.D. 139 and in A.D. 140 the Propraetor Quintus
Lollius Urbicus was engaged in building the Antonine Wall in Scotland.
But the Newcastle stone records the presence of another distinguished
imperial legate in the person of Julius Verus. Again, detachments
of the three legions here named were the builders of the Antonine
Wall. Four of its sections were completed by those of the second
legion, four sections by those of the sixth legion, and three sections
of its length, with other connected works, were built by those of the
twentieth legion. The work done is recorded by each for itself ; in
one instance only, on the Antonine Wall, are any two of the vexilla-
tions associated in one inscription. But in the Newcastle inscription
occurs the remarkable conjunction of all three vexillations. A note of
Horsley may be quoted in this connexion : ' Excepting the Germans,'
he says, ' we seldom or never have the vexillatio of any but legionary
' soldiers, either in the Roman historians, or any of our Roman in-
' scriptions in Britain. The Germans seem to be spoken of as fit for
' expedition, and are particularly on several occasions famed for their
' swimming. Tacitus tells us that the Roman soldiers being loaded
' with their arms were afraid to swim, but the Germans were accustomed
'to it, and qualified for it by the lightness of their arms and the
' tallness of their bodies.' If,' continues Horsley, * the notion of
* vexillarii and vexillatio which I have already endeavoured to establish,
' be right (he had described them as picked men from the legion,
despatched on special service, as our grenadiers used to be), we may
' hence be furnished with a good reason, why there should be vexillations
' of Germans, rather than any other auxilliary forces' (Britannia
Romana, p. 298).

The large force represented by the association of three vexillations,
and their command by an imperial legate, indicate operations of more
than ordinary importance. Of their nature and extent our tablet is
silent. That it records the execution of work of magnitude, either on
the Roman bridge itself or in the adjacent stationary camp of Pons
Aelii, may be reasonably presumed."

Mr. F. Haverfield, F.S.A., said that the inscription is on a singularly
perfect slab, measuring about 18 inches in height and 26 in length. It
has a neat appearance, but a close inspection shews that it is not really
well cut, as it seems that the cutter has omitted several letters which
(as the spacing shews) were drawn or painted on the stone for him to
engrave. The expansion appears to be Imp (eratori) Antonino Aug

(uato) Pio p(atri) pat(riae), vexil[l]atio leg(ionis) ii Aitg(ustce) et
leg(ionis, or legio possibly) vi vic(trix) et leg(ionis) xx v(aleriae)
v(ictricis), con[t]r[i]buti ex Ger(maniis) duobus, sub Julio Vero leg(ato)
Aug(usti) pr(o) p(raetore). To the Emperor Antoninus Pius, father
of his country, the draft or detachment of the second legion August,
the sixth Victrix, and the Twentieth Valeria Victrix, recruited (?) from
the two provinces of Germany, under Julius Verus, Governor of Britain.
Contributi is a novel phrase to me, but the British legions in the
second century (when Pius reigned) were largely recruited in Germany,
and perhaps the word means recruits or reinforcements, landed in the
Tyne from a voyage over the North Sea. The altars to Oceanus and
Neptune, now in the Blackgate, may refer to the same thing. Julius
Verus seems to be named on one other British inscription as governor
in the time of Pius : he is (as I conjecture) the Julius V. ... of an in-
scription of the reign of Pius, recently found at Brough, in Derbyshire.
The presence of the vexillatio is doubtless concerned either with
campaigns connected with the erection of the vallum of Pius, or with
operations against the Brigantes, to which the Brough stone relates.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Heslop by acclamation.

Mr. S. S- Carr read some * Notes on the Early Monumental Remains
at Tynemouth,' which were illustrated by careful drawings bv Mr. H. S.
Clarke of North Shields. Mr. Carr and Mr. Clarke were thanked.

Mr. R. Coltman Clephan, F.S.A., read a translation by himself of a
paper from the Bonn Jahrbiicher, by Dr. Krueger of the Trier Museum,
on the Roman Wall in Northumberland. Many novel points were
raised by the writer, but some of them were contested by Mr Haverfield.

Mr. Clephan was thanked for his translation.

NEWM

(See p. 69.)

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 10.

A country meeting of the society was held on Thursday, the 3rd day
of September, 1903, at

ULGHAM, WIDDRINGTON, AND CHIBBURN.

Members, of whom there was a small attendance, assembled at
Morpeth railway station, on the arrival there at 10 a.m, of the 9'35
train from Newcastle. Seats were at once taken in the carriage, and
the visitors were driven through the pretty village of Longhirst, with
its gardens gay with flowers, and picturesque though modern church
embosomed in trees, direct to

ULGHAM,

where, near the remains of the village cross, the Rev. A. R. Gregory,
B.D., the vicar, met and welcomed the small party.

Ranulph de Merlay, the principal founder of Newminster abbey,
gave to it common of pasture of all his lands, and also land at
Wlacain [Ulgham], to construct granges from the Eagle's nest to
Egard's well, and by the rivulet from the well to the Line, and from
the Line to the bounds of Lintun, and so to the march of Forum.
This was confirmed by his son Roger de Merlay I., who in addition
gave 10 acres of land beyond Egard's well ; and also by his son
Roger II., who also gave the meadow at Hulgham next Edgard's well.
William de Merlay also confirmed these grants, and besides gave 30
acres of wood at Hulgam to Newminster. Roger III., lord of Ulgham,
who died in 1265, likewise confirmed these grants, and gave a road
from the grange of ' Hulgam ' to the eastern end of the village. These
grants were also confirmed by John de Gray stock and by Ralph de
Graystock (who was paid ten marks and his steward half a mark for
it), whose body was buried in the church at Newminster, where the
* Ewangelium ' was read. Their names all duly appear in the list of
benefactors to the abbey. 1

A final concord was entered into by the abbot and convent of
Newminster and Gerard de Wodrington, concerning the boundaries
between the grange of ' Hulgam ' and ' Wodrington,' the bounds are
given, the marks being crosses and oak trees marked with crosses.

i Newminster Cartulary (66 Surt, Soc. publ.), 2, 3, 8, 10.

The still existing * Ulgham ' or ' Bounder Oak,' in the north-wood
near Ulgham, may be one of these marked oaks. An illustration of
it is given on plate facing page 75.

According to an ancient roll, Roger de Merlay held Morpeth, with
Ulgham its member, and many other places, of the king in capite, by
four knights' fees, of the old feoffment. Roger de Merlay III., in 1376,
* intuitu caritatis,' and for fifty marks, gave letters of freedom to John
Spendloue, born at the vill of Ulgham. This Roger left two daughters,
one Mary married to William, baron of Greystock, the other Isabella
to Robert de Somerville. John de Graystock, his son, ' vir strenuus,
sed corpulentus,' divided the lands of his grandfather between himself
and Robert de Somerville, John retaining three knights' fees, including
Morpeth and Ulgham, Robert taking one knight's fee. In a charter of
1279, of the same John, it is stated that his ancestor Ralph de Merlay,
founder of Newminster, had granted to the abbey common of pasture
of all his lands, but that afterwards a certain heir of Ralph had
ejected them from Stobswood and Ulgham, and wishing that his own
soul and the souls of his ancestors should not be placed in jeopardy by
reason of such disturbance, he granted the same common of pasture at
Ulgham in free, pure and perpetual alms, for all animals except goats,
and that the abbey pigs should have pannage in his wood of Ulgham. 2

At an inquisition taken before Robert Sapy, the king's escheator
beyond Trent, on the Friday before Pentecost, 1317, the jurors said
that Robert son of Ralph, lord of Graystock, died in 1316, seised of
half of the barony of Merley, including the manor of Ulgham, which
used to be worth in time of peace 482. 13*. 4d. This Robert, who
married Alesia de Nevil, was buried at Boterwyk. He left a son
Ralph, he who besieged Gilbert Middlemen at Mitford. By the roll
already referred to, it is to be noted that Ralph, lord of Nevil, and
Alesia his wife, who died in 1374, mother of William de Graystock,
son and heir of Ralph, baron of Graystock, held the vill of Ulgham in
dower. She surrendered it and other places to her son, as no lands
or tenements in Northumberland had descended to him, except
Hepscot and half of the vill of Stannington. Ralph III., baron of
Graystock, was, with others, captured at Horsridge, in Gleridale, by
George, earl of Dunbar ; his brother William went as a hostage for
him to Dunbar, and being attacked by a pestilential disease died and
was buried there, but after two years his body was removed and buried
before the high altar in Newminster, next Margery, lady of Ulgham. 3

Francis Dacre claimed the barony as sole male representative of
William, lord Dacre, grandfather of lady Arundel and lady Elizabeth
Howard, and entered upon the estates. In 1586, a trial took place at
Newcastle, in an action brought by a lessor of lord Arundel, lord
William Howard, and their wives, against a person named Turner,
who persisted in keeping possession of the demesnes of the manor of
Ulgham as a tenant of Francis Dacre, when the verdict was in favour
of the plaintiff, but as judgment was not given owing to a defect in the
proceedings ' Ulgam' for ' Ulgham,' the matter was ultimately settled
by arbitration. 4

When Ulgham fell to lady Elizabeth Howard, the rents were 211.
16s. 6d,. In 1595 or 6, when lord William Howard petitioned the
queen, it then being in her hands, the rents are given as 30/. 9s. IQd.,
while by the rental of 1611, it was 31Z. 13s. Od.

2 Newm. Cart., 9, 267, 299, 28!. 3 Ibid. 292, 305, 295, 298.

4 Household Book of Lord William Howard (68 Surt. Soc. publ.) XV. 370.

Mark, in his Survey of a portion of Northumberland (p. 84), tells us
that Ulgham is situated on the south side of the rivulet, called at
this place. . . .Ulgham burn, which conies by Tritlington, and makes
the most considerable branch of the river Line, which name, after
it meets with another called Pottling, it assumes.' ' The chapel stands
at the east end [of the village], on the south side of the rivulet.
The Manor of Ulgham, being part of the Lordship of Morpeth,
belongs at present [1734] to the Earl of Carlisle, but was formerly
part of the estate of the .... Dacres, and fell to the Howards by the
marriage of the third son of the Duke of Norfolk to an heiress of
the Dacres. The whole chapelry is supposed to contain about eighty-
nine or ninety families, and about 450 inhabitants.'

The lands in Ulgham, which belonged to Chibburn preceptory, came
to Lawson Armstrong, who died in 1802. John Swallow, one of his
nephews, ultimately obtained the entirety ot fhe Ulgham estate and
sold it in 1846 to the then earl of Carlisle (Mr Woodman's note).

The manor descended to the present earl of Carlisle, who in 1886
sold it to sir James Joicey, bart., of Longhirst, though he retained
the patronage of the living.

The communal holding of land in Ulgham continued till a com-
paratively late date, the arable land being divided into rigs strips
corresponding with the number of dwellers in the hamlet. The same
person did not hold the same rig or rigs always, but every year there
was a change, so that the good and bad rigs were held in turn, known
as ' running the rig.' The parson originally had to ' run the rig ' with
his parishioners, but ultimately he was freed from this obligation, and
a particular rig was assigned to him in perpetuity. This is known in
Ulgham as the ' priest's rig ' and it is said to be the richest and best
piece of land in tho hamlet. A fair used to be held in Ulgham near
the cross, on St. John's day, known as Ulgham feast.

Anthony Rumney," bailiff of Ulgham, died in 1621, and there is an
inscribed table-stone to his memory in the graveyard a little to the
south of the church; for a copy of the inscription, see these Proceedings
(v. 23). His family, it is said, fled to the park to avoid the plague, but
it followed them, and they all died from it (Mr. Woodman's note).
In 1633-4, George Lawson was bailiff of Ulgham. 4

Mr. Gregory first pointed out an old house in the village, on the site
of an older which formerly belonged to the Hospitallers, and also an
ancient well, known as Erard's well, which is referred to more than
once in the Newminster Cartulary. 5

The remains of the shaft o? the village cross, about four feet long, on
a base of steps, were next examined. The stone is so much worn and
decayed that it is difficult to assign a date for its erection, but it may
probably be of the 14 or 15 century. The illustration on the opposite
page shews it. A large enclosure at the east end of the village, which
judging from the ditch-like depressions has been moated round, was
next pointed out. In it may have stood a house of which no trace now
remains. The use of the spade, however, would doubtless throw light
on the matter. The proceedings at Ulgham concluded with a visit to
the modern church of St. John, which the vicar described.

According to the Clams Ecclesiastica (Eccl. Proc. of Bp. Barnes, 8),
' Howgham was a chapel served by a stipendary priest, as it had no in-
cumbent. In MS. notes, in the editor's possession, of bishop Chandler's

* Household Book of Lord William Howard (68 Surt. Soc. publ.) xv. 396, 409, 414, 287.
6 66 Surt. Soc. publ.

visitation, ' suppos'd in 1736,' it is said that ' Ulgham, C. under Morpeth.
Tho. Murray 30 U resident in a hired house~not in ye Parsonage. N.B.
no value acknowledg. Fam. 65, No school. Service twice a day. Cat.
w th Lewis & Be veredg. Sam 4 3 times, 50 at Easter.' According to
Randal (State of the Churches, 49) 'Ulghanr chapel dedicated to St. John,'
was ' not certified.'

In the church the vicar read an account of the chapelry which, he
said, contained 3,445 acres ; this constituted the manor, and that
though written Ulgham, the name of the place was pronounced 'Uffam.'
The present church was erected to replace an older structure,
from funds raised by a brief. The frontispiece to Mr. Woodman's
Ulgham and its Story shows this. The carved stone shewn below was
built into the north wall of the chancel of the old church.

Of this fragments are
built here and there
into the walls, in-
cluding a small Nor-
man window head
in the outside of the
west wall. On the
east side of the
north transept the
early window head
shewn in the annexed
illustration, is to be
seen. Th9 only piece
of old plate is a silver
salver bearing the
London hall marks, and the date letter for 1718. There are a 1 so a
flagon and other vessels of pewter (See Proc. v. 22). The registers com-
mence in 1600. The first volume, which is of 9 pieces of parchment,
ends in 1623, the writing in it and in the second book has faded so much
as to be almost illegible. This book, also of parchment, begins in
1637 and ends in 1672; on the fly leaf of it is written ' . .list of Ulgham
Churchwardins of the chapelrie of Ulgham, 1644, Robert Mitford and
William Dobson. The order of the 24 in the year 1645 is this that the
2 Churchwardens shall repaire the Churchdoores, Bells and other things
belonging to the Church, and then to deliver up their accompts to these
Churchwardens chosen in the year 1645, Churchwardens Henry Watson
and Robert Pace.' The third register is on paper and begins in 1691.

Extracts from the registers have already been given in these Pro-
ceedings (v. 23). The following are some additional extracts of bap-
tisms :

1694. Elizabetha filia Gulielmi Bowman Curat' baptizat :
August ....

1695. Radulphus filius Richardi ffenwicke, 6 baptizat. Julij 4.

In ' 1748, Frances, daughter of the Rev d . Thomas Murray, 7 was
baptized Jany. 19th.'

6 There are numerous entries of sons and daughters of Richard and Gerard
Fen wick. Many baptisms and burials of the children of Mr. Edward Wilson, who was
bailiff of Ulgham, are also recorded. Lord William Howard sent Peter Wilson from
Westmorland to take charge of his Northumberland properties. He resided at Ulgham,
as did his descendants until comparatively recent years (Mr. Woodman's notes).

1 'Thomas Murray came to serve the Cure of Ulgham (under Mr. Cuth; Fenwicke
Rector of Morpeth) the Sixteenth Day of December A. Domini 1724.' Ulgham Register,
On the 10 October 1728 Thomas Murray Curate of Ulgham and Frances Fenwick
of Ulgham Grange married. Mitford Register.

Anne, the daughter of John Miller, a soldier in Lord Charles
Manner's Regiment, borne at the Cockles, in this Ch'appelery,
was Baptized July ye 24 [1757].

Robert, the son of Robert Ogle, of Hilthorn, In the Parish of
Woodhorne was Baptized March ye 4th [1759].

There are several entries of baptisms apparently of Nonconformists'
children, as the minister adds ' according to the accounts given us.'

Then come marriages :

In 1696 Henricus Henderson Nauta & Janeta Lawson vidua
nupt. Martij 17 th

1715 Robert Coward & Dorathy ffoster was maried June the last
day 1715

1716 Mr. George Lawson & Susanna Miller was Married August
9th with A Licence by Mr. .Cuthbert ff en wick Rector of
Morpeth.

1717 Henry Taylor & Jane Mulcaster was married with a licence
May 10th 1717

1720 William Brown & Catherine Shaftoe was married March

30th p. licenciam
1722 Jacob Robinson & Dorathy Mulcaster was married May

16th, 1722
1748 Mr. Matthew Scaife and Miss Anne Wilson Novr 8th, by

Licence.
Amongst the burials are : in

1693 RaduJphus films Roborti Lawson de Ulgham Sepult Sep-

temb r 7th

1700 Gulielmus Bowman Curate de Vlgham Sepult Septemb r 26th
Johannes ffenwick de bothell Sepult' ffebruarij 12th
Janeta uxor Georgii Lawson de Ulgham Sepulta Martij 1 1th
1724 James Mulcaster Curate de Ulgham Sepult Dec 20th
1742 Isabel Mulcaster widow was buried May ye 14th
[1779] Sarah daughter of Rev Mark Blackburn November 23
There seems to have been a succession of parish clerks of the same
name for a long period, as the following records are in the books :
1733 William James Parish Clerk of Ulgham was buried August

ye 9th

1738 William James jun r Clerk of Ulgham Augst ye 12th 1738
1774 Thos James Parish Clerk of Ulgham was Buried May ye 30th
He appears to have been succeeded by John James, as he is entered
as clerk on 1st June 1774.

The following note of a visitation by archdeacon Thomas Sharp is
made in one of the registers :

" Memdum Sept. 21st, 1723, This day the Chappel of Ulgham was
visited by ye Archdeacon, & upon a view of ye defects ye following
directions were given to ye chappelwardens

Imp' to Provide a Register of Parchment

2 a napkin or small linnen Cloth to cover ye Elements

3 A Table of Marriages

4 The hole in ye Roof for bell chain to be contracted
These to be certified at ye next Easter Visitation

5 Seats to be floored at ye discretion of ye Parish

6 The Porch to be flagged

These to be certified at Easter 1725 to ye Archdeacon himself.

Tho: Sharp."

A pen has been drawn across the last entry and * all this is duly
performed* added.

After heartily thanking Mr. Gregory for his services, and accompanied
by him, the drive was resumed, and

TJLGHAM GRANGE.

This as before mentioned, was granted to Newminster by Ranulph de
Merlay, the founder of the abbey. To Ranulph, son of William de
Merlay, Henry the first granted free chase in the manor of Ulgham.
' The only relict of this once powerful family is ' The Marlish gate,' the
portion of the road from Morpeth to Ulgham where the Howard and
Portland estates meet the road to the Cockles.' 3

In the ' Newminster accounts' of 1536-7, the sum of 13Z. 6s. 8d. was
received from Ulgham grange, with the buildings and 30 acres of
arable land, and 116 acres in all of meadows, late belonging to the
abbot and convent.

By his letters patent of 21 Dec. 1546, Henry VIII. granted to Sir
Richard Tyrrell, esquire, for 21 years, amongst other possessions of
Newminster, * all that Grau'ge called Vlwham Grau'ge, togeyther with
all lands, medowes, leyssues [leazes], and pastures to the same
pteynyng with thapp r tenanc s .... to the seyd late Monasterye be-
longyng & pteynyng ' subject to a reserved rent of 13Z. 6*. Sd. ; and on
17 Dec. 1547, he assigned the same to Sir Thomas Grey for the
remainder of the term, and subject to a lease of Ulgham grange with
the tithes to Thomas Wilson, William Grene, and Thomas Beard, for
20 years, at a yearly rent of 22l. g

At the muster of the Middle Marches on 26 Mar. 1580, at the Moot-law,
five ' able horsemen furneshed ' attended from Owgham Grange. 9a
Ulgham Grange appears to have been in the hands of the Crown till
1601, but Sir Ralph Gray, knight, of Horton and Chillingham, whose
will was proved on 28 Aug. 1624, left it and Nunnykirk to his son
Edward. 9b In 1648 Colonel Edward Grey owned and resided in it.
The Fen wick family occupied it for a considerable time until 1849.

The Line was crossed by the ' Middle ford ' and

WIDDBINGTON

soon reached.

Members proceeded at once to the church, which was anciently
dedicated to St. Mary. The principal features were described by the
Rev. J. Walker and the Rev. R. C. MacLeod.

The church consists of a chancel with a chapel on the south side, a nave
of three bays with north and south aisles, a bell turret at the west end
and a south porch. The north arcade, with round columns and square
capitals, is of late twelfth century work, and the south arcade of the early
thirteenth century, the boldly moulded south door being also of this
period. The late fourteenth century east window is of three lights. The
other windows are square headed. The chantrylchapel on the south side of
the chancel opens into the chancel and south aisle by arches. The slender
easternmost column of the south arcade supports four arches including
the arch across the south aisle. The illustration opposite shows this. There

8 Mr. Woodman's MS. note in his own copy of Ulgham and its Story, kindly lent
by Miss Woodman.

9 flewm. Cart. 307, 310, 312. 9* Calendar of Border Papers, I. 21.
9b Durh. Wills and Inv. II. 61 n.

is a piscina under the most easterly window of the south aisle marking,
probably, the site of one of the two Trinity chantries which were
formerly in the church. They are thus referred to in 2 Ed. vi. in
the 'Certificate of all the Chauntryes, &c., within the Countye of
Northumberland:' ' Two Chauntryes of the Trynyte, founded in the
Chappell of Wodrington, apending to the Paryshe Church of Woodhorne.
Edwarde Thompson, of liiij. yeres of age, and Thomas Hedely, of the
age of xxxvj. yeres, Incumbents ther, meanly learned, of honest con-
versacion and qualytes, having no other lyving then the same. The
seyd Chauntry is dystaunte from the parishe churche iiij. myles. And
ther ys no landes nor tenements sold syth, &c. And ther ys of howseling
people within the same paryshe MXX. Yerely vale we of the same
chauntrys with Ixvjs. viijd. geven towards the fynding of the Incum-
bents meat and drynke, yerely, by Sr. John Wydrington, Knyghte,
as he ledgeth, is xZ. iiijs. ; repryses xxs. ; clere, ixl. iiijs. Plate, vj. onz.
Goodes, unpraysed;' and further in ' The Chauntry of the Trynyte in
Wederington. Item, one vest of red sateii, one vest of white fustyan,
one olde cope of red sea, and one olde masse boke ' are recorded. 10

There was besides in 1307, an altar of St. Edmund in the church.
The seats in the chantry chapel belonged to Linton, and this altar
was formerly supported out of the mill of that vill, and the ' porch '
was repairable by the owner of Linton. In the north chancel wall
there are two tomb recesses, the arch of the more easterly is high and
pointed, and has above the apex the arms of Widdrington (quarterly
over all a bend), the other recess is much lower, and in it is a small slab
having rudely incised upon it a cross-crosslet. Mr. Longstaffe l
noted the coincidence between these two recesses, and the two brothers
Sir Gerard de Widdrington and his heir Roger, who witness deeds
together in 1361; the latter died in 1372. On the south side of the chancel
there is a piscina on the east side of a window, consisting of a short
shaft apparently of 12th cent, date, with its capital hollowed out for
the bowl. To the east of it is another piscina of later date. A door
head and a window sill in the vestry are formed of medieval grave
covers. There are a silver communion cup, made in Newcastle by
James Kirkup, having on its side the initials J.A. and W.C.; and a
modern saucer shaped salver (Proc. iv. 185).

Neither John Scott, a Scot, the curate of * Witherington Capella,' nor
Thomas Burrell, the parish clerk, attended the Chancellor's visitation of
27 Jan. 1577/8; the latter in consequence of illness. At the general
chapter of 29 July, 1578, the same John Scott, alias Clerke, curate of
Withrington, made no appearance, nor yet did he appear at the
general chapter held in Morpeth chapel on 20 Jan, 1578/9.

According to the Clams Ecclesiastica, compiled by bishop Barnes of
Durham, Wodrington was one of the chapels, wanting an incumbent,
which was served by a stipendiary priest ; it and two others were at
that time annexed to Woodhorn. 12

At the visitation of bishop Chandler, already referred to, it was stated
that ' Widdrington Chap, under Woodhorn of Ease, 4 mil. f. Woodh.
N.B. in a ruinous condition, not floored seated or glazed, roof decayed.
The lands of Ld. Widdrington to repair, but ye Presb. Std. for ye gov-
ernm 1 neglects .... The chap. Warden never swore tho' elected. Fam.
68, 15 Presb. a meeting house, once a month, 4 papists. Private school.

10 Eccl. Proc. of Bishop Barnes (22 Surt. Soc. publ.) Ixxxv., Ixxxvi., xciii.

1 'Notes on Widdrington and the Widdringtons.' Arch. Ael. (8vo. Ser.) in. 193.

13 Eccl. Proc. of Bishop Barnes, 35, 76, 94, 8.

Cat. Sam*- 4 times, 30 come.' Mr. Simcoe was vicar of Woodhorn at
the time.

Randal says that ' Vic. Wibbersley, Aug. 1768, gave up to Widdring-
ton chapel,of which Sir George Warren, knight, was patron, all the profits
and emoluments arising within the said chapelry, not reserving right
of patronage, to the Vicars of Woodhorn,' and that there was at
Widdrington ' a Cell of Benedictine Monks, subordinate to Tynmouth,
at the dissolution granted to John, Earl of Warwick ' ; it then belonged
to the duke of Northumberland. 13

On leaving the church, the site of the ancient

CASTLE OF THE WIDDRINGTONS

was pointed out in a field to the east of the church. This building has,
however, almost disappeared, the only remains of it being the mound
on which it stood, and a large deep hollow marking the site of the base-
ment of the 14 cent, tower. Near the site are standing some old trees,
apparently part of an avenue formerly leading to the castle. The
ancient structure is well shewn in the plate iacing this page, repro-
duced from the original drawing by the brothers Buck, made about 1728,
in the possession of the society. This is the building referred to by
Dugdale, who, writing in 1819, informs us that ' though irregular, and
the work of various ages, the castle was a noble structure, especially the
most ancient part of it which was a Gothic tower, finished with
machicolations and four round turrets built on double tiers of corbules.
It was burnt down about forty years ago [about 1779], and the only
remaining part of it is an octagonal embattled tower to which a square
modern edifice has been added.' This ' octagonal embattled tower '
has, since Dugdale' s time, also entirely disappeared, as has already
been stated. The castle was the seat of Gerard de Wodrington in
1272, and it was held by him of the barony of Whalton with ' Dirig '
and ' Bordon ' by the service of one knight's fee., 14

Leland (Itin. vii. 60) says ' Witherington Castle longinge to the Wyther-
ingtons stondethe with in halfe a Myle of the Shore, somewhat as
towchinge againg Coket Isleland. By it runnithe a litle Broke on the
Northe Syde, and there is a litle Village of the same Name. The Broke
renneth into the Se by it selfe.'

Sir William Lisle and his son Humphrey on their way home from an
attack on Newcastle castle when they released some prisoners, took
some horses from Sir William Ellerker's park at Widd -rington. Sir
William Lisle was captured, and hanged, drawn and quartered, 1

On 7 Feb. 1584-5 lord John Hamilton addressed a letter from
Widdrington castle to the queen. 2

In a letter of 25 July, 1691, to Sir Edward Harley, Robert Harley,
the writer, stated that an express brought tidings last night that the
ships which got out of Dunkirk had landed some men in Northumberland
who plundered and then burned the house of lord Widdrington, a
papist. This refers to Jean Bart, the Frenchman who was off the
Northumberland coast in 1691. His lieutenant, Forbin, landed, and
pillaged and set fire to Widdrington village, and afterwards sacked and
burnt the castle. A farmhouse at Chibburn was also burnt. Damage

13 State of the Churches, 52, 53.

1* 'Testa de Nevill,' quoted in Hodgson's Description of Northumberland, 183.

^ Cat. of Letters <t-' Papers, For. 0-- Dom. Henry V11L iv. 1005.

* Hatfiekf papers (H. MSS. Com. Rep.) ill. 94.

Voc. Soc. Antiq t Newc, i. (3 ser.)

To face page 82.

"A SOUTH-EAST VIEW OF WIDDRINGTON CASTLE, THE MANOB AND PROPERTY OF
SIB GEO. WARREN, NORTHUMBERLAND, 1773."

(From a water-colour drawing).

FRONT VIEW OF WIDDRINGTON CASTLE," BY BUCK.

Photographed by Mr. Parker Brewis from the original drawings in the possession of the Society.

This plate presented by Mr. T Taylor, F.S.A., of Chipchase Castle.

to the extent of about 6,000 was done, judging from the * briefs '
issued. It is said that the Frenchmen regretted that the castle had
been sacked when they found out that lord Widdrington was a co-re-
ligionist. 3

On 8 May, 1725 the second earl of Oxford, then lord Harley, passed
Widdrington castle on his journey through the northern counties. 4

The Rev. John Horsley (Materials for the History of Northumberland,
1729-30, p. 25) says that ' This seat has been built at several times, for
which reason it wants true regularity and uniformity, which it might
have had, if the design and building had been at one. But yet it has
an agreeable situation, and somewhat that looks grand and magnificent.
It was inhabited by the late lord Widdrington, and since his forfeiture
the estate was purchased by the York Buildings Company, in whose
possession it is now. The ancient name of this family was Woodrington
(query with a gr).' He then states that a stone bearing the date 1559 was
lying about in the court, and that another stone was built 'in the wall of
the west part of the house, above a small door.' He then continues :
' In the Saxon it was Widrington. Some have conjectured it to have
been Woodhorntown, but this I think is improbable.'

Sir Walter Scott in Marmion says that St. Hild and her nuns, sailing
along the coast

' pass the tower of Widdrington,

Mother of many a valiant son.'

It had been owned by the Warrens, and by lord Vernon of whom
and of his wife, who died in 1836 and 1837, there are memorial tablets
in the church. After several changes of ownership, the estate is now
the property of Mr. T. Taylor, one of the vice-presidents of the society.

The Widdringtons of Widdrington castle, were, in ancient times, in
high repute. Their arms were quarterly argent and gules, over all a bend
sable, and their motto * Joie sans fin.' A ring bearing this motto was
found many years ago, near Washington, co. Durham, which Mr. Long-
staffe saw. 6

In 1281 John de Widerington and Roger, his brother, were witnesses
to a grant. In 1327, 6 (1 Ed. I.) Widdrington was held by Gerard de
Woderyngton, who died in 1362. In that year Sir Roger de Widdring-
ton, described as son of John, lord of Widdrington, held Widdrington ;
on 20 May, 1372, he was sheriff of the county, and in 1369-1371, warden
of the marches. He died in 1372, and on 24 Sep. an inquisition
was taken, as he had died seised of lands in Northumberland. 7 He is
recorded as a benefactor to Newminster abbey. His son and heir, Sir
John, was sheriff in 1398, 1410, 1426, and 1430. On his death in
1444, it was found on an inquisition that he held the manor of Widdring-
ton, the hamlet of Druridge and many other places in the county.
Sir Roger, who succeeded, was sheriff three times in the reign of Henry
VI. [1422-1461]. Gerard, who followed, was sheriff in 1465; Sir John
comes next, he was also sheriff for three years, during the reign of
Edward IV. [1461-83]. In 1502, Ralph, lord of Widdrington, died,
and is recorded amongst the benefactors of Newminster. 8 Another Sir

3 Tomlinson, ' A French Descent on the Northumberland Coast.' Arch. Ael. xxn.
16 There is a view of the castle, from Bucks' copperplate in the possession of the
society, illustrating this paper.

4 Portland papers (H. MSS. Comm. Rep.) vi. 107.

5 Notes and Queries 6 Ser. xu. 35. Also Arch. Ael. ill. 39u, where Mr. Longstaffe
gives an illustration of the inscription on the ring.

6 H. MSS. Comm. App. to 6 Rep., 329 b.
7 Welford, Newc. <Sc Gateshead, i. 310. 8 Newm. Cart. 385.

John was sheriff in 1540, 1552, and 1559. On 24 May, 1549 he and his
deputy had charge of the beacon on Widdrington tower head. In a
letter of Thomas Randolph, to the earl of Rutland, of 10 June, 1563,
dated from Edinburgh, he says ' The desire of the borderers is to break
all good order, but I hope to see some of them break their necks in
' wythies ' for lack of halters. Mr. Wytherington has been here about
his goods that were taken away, and his request was thought reason-
able.' 9 Henry the eighth [1509-1547] gave Thomas Gower the office of
marshal of Berwick, in joint patent with Sir John Woodrington, but
the queen (Elizabeth) otherwise disposed of it, he therefore, on 3 Jan.
1577-8 petitioned her on the subject, and obtained a lease in reversion
on relinquishing his claim. 10

By her will of 23 Mar. 1582/3 in which she is described as * Dayme
Agnes, laclie Woddrington, late wyffe to Sir John Woddrington, late of
Woddrington,' she directed her body to be buried in St. Nicholas's
church, Newcastle, and after several bequests to her family and others,
appointed her son, Robert Woddrington, sole executor. 11

By his will of 28th April, 1593, Hector Wooddrington, 'one of the
constables of horsmen, of her majisties towne of Barwicke-on-Twede,'
who was an illegitimate son of Sir John Widdrington, warden of the
Middle Marches, by Alice, his maidservant, left in addition to 101,
all his corn at Chibburn, to his servants, Matthew Humphraye and
Thomas Raye, and appointed Elizabeth, lady Woodrington, sole execu-
trix ef his will. He not only obtained the appointment at Berwick by
the influence of Sir John Widdrington, but the farm at Chibburn from
him. 12

' Sir Henrye Woddrington, of Woddrington, Knight, Marshall and
deputy-governor of her majesties town of Barwick-upon-Twede,' 1 head
of the great family of Widdrington and sheriff of Northumberland in
1579, by his will of 15 Feb. 1592/3, directed ' his bodye to be buried in
the church at Woddrington, amongst my ancestors.' Amongst many
bequests he gave 20 nobles a year out of his lands and rents at ' Haugh-
ton and Homeshaughe,' to his brother Raphe Woddrington, who was
afterwards Sir Ralph Woddrington, knight. He directed that the ' three
peaces of great ordnance, nowe remaynynge in my houwse at Barwick,
be caryed to Woddrington, and there to remayne.' He appointed his
wife, lady Elizabeth Widdrington, executrix. There is a long inventory
of his household goods, &c., at Widdrington, their value being set down
as 1013Z. 2s. 9d., a very considerable sum in those days. 2

In a letter of Toby Matthew, bishop of Durham, to lord Burghley,
of 30 Jan. 1595[-6] he speaks of * Mr. Robert Witherington, now named
sheriff of Northumberland.' The Rev. W. Morton, vicar of Newcastle,
writes to secretary Winwood from Newcastle, on 7 May 1616,
that * Rodger Witherington hath the brains of the Northumber-
land serpent in his hed,' and ' a professed enemy to true religion.' In
a letter of the same date to archbishop Abbott, he informs him that
' Roger Withrington had poisoned with Poperie all Hexamshire, and
since hee hath in a manner all Northumberland.' In another letter to
secretary Winwood, it is said that Sir Henry Widdrington (who was

9 Belvoir papers, i. 88. 10 Hatfleld papers, n. 171.

11 Durh. Wills & Inv. n. 99. 12 Ibid. 232 & n.

i By his will of 2 Sep. 1587, ' Thomas Forster, the yonger, of Ederstone,' after
making his wife Isabel, and his son Matthew, ' full executors,' gave Beadnell tower to
his son, when of lawful age, in the meantime the profit for his wife. Amongst other
bequests is 51. to Mr. William Wodrington, of Wodrington, brother to Mr. governor of
Barwick. Dur h. Wills & Inv. n. 302.

2 Durh. Wills <fc Inv. n. 225 & n.

father of the first lord Widdring.tQ.n-) is. 'the only man of action in the
shire, and therefore most followed.' Roger Witherington was brother
to Sir Henry. 3

Elizabeth, widow of Sir John Widdrington, married Sir Robert
Carey, 4 warden of the Middle Marches. They resided at Widdrington.
On her death the estate came to her son Sir Hugh [? Hy.] Wodd-
rington, the deputy warden, who was sheriff in 21 Eliz. [1579] and 3
Jas. I. [1605-6] and M.P. for the county, temp. James I. He was
succeeded by Sir William, eldest son of Sir Henry, of Swinburne, who
was sheriff, 12 Chas. I. [1636-7], and M.P. 1639-1642. He was expelled
from the House of Commons on 26 Aug., 1642, for refusing to attend,
and for raising forces for the king. He was created baron Widdrington,
of Blankney, Lincolnsh., on 10 Nov. 1643. After Marston Moor 6 he
took refuge beyond the seas, and his estates were confiscated by the
Parliament ; he lost his life near Wigan, in the king's service. His son
William, second lord Widdrington, was one of the Council of State at
the Restoration. He was in the ' Proceeding to the funerall of George,
late duke of Albemarle, from Somersett House to Westminster Abbey.' 6
He was succeeded by his son William, third lord Widdrington.

On 2 June, 1646, a draft ordinance was before the Lords to clear
Henry Widdrington of his delinquency. 7

Sir Francis Howard of Corby, son of lord William Howard, ( ' Belted
Will ') who died in 1660, married Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Widdring-
ton of Widdrington castle. 8

On 22 Feb., 1661-2, a draft of an Act was submitted and read a first
time in the Commons, but afterwards dropped, to enable William,
[second] lord Widdrington to sell some lands for paying his brother
and sisters' portions, and providing for his younger children. Attached
to the draft is a petition of lady Majj,v Widdrington, late wife of
William [first] lord Widdrington, objecting to the sale by the ' now lord
Widdrington ' on the pretence of raising portions, &c., and that if such
Act pass, petitioner's younger children would be left destitute. 9 On
12 Dec., 1662, the lord lieutenant of the county directed William
[second] lord Widdrington, to send in the yearly value of his estates in
Northumberland, that he might certifv the same to the commis-
sioners appointed to assess the peers. 10 On 29 July, 1670, a grant
was made of two thirds of a moiety of all debts in the hands of any
receiver of his majesty or late queen's revenues ' for March, 1640, to
our Lady, 1659,' not already granted, and provided they did not exceed

3 Lord William Howard's Household Book, 428, 430, 432, 434 n, 435.
* On 24 March 1603, when queen Elizabeth died, Sir Robert Carey of Widdrington,
warden of the Middle Marches, who was then at Richmond, stole out of the palace and
rode post haste from London, calling at his own house on the way north on the second
night, where he rested. The next day he again set off, and when between Widdriugton
and Norham his horse fell, and the bruises ne received hindered his journey. When he
left Widdrington he arranged that James should be proclaimed at Morpeth, Alnwick,
and Berwick. On the 5 April, James the first, on his way to England, was escorted to
Widdrington and nobly entertained by Sir Robery Carey, and on the 9th he left Wid-
drington castle for Newcastle. Welford, Newc. & Gateshead, ill. 157.

6 On 11 July 1644, after Marston Moor, in letters from Sir R. Burgoyne to Sir B.
Verney, it is said 'that prince Robert [tic, for Rupert] and lord Newcastle and lord
Witherington and colonel King had fallen put'; and on the 18th of the same month
'that Newcastle, Witherington, and col. King have gone God knows where.' Verney
papers (H.MSS. Comm. App. to 7 Rep.) i48a.

6 Lord William Howard's Household Book, ii85n. Portland Papers, I. 14.
7 House of Lords Calendar (H. M? S. Comm. App. to 6 Rep.) 119 b.

8 Notes and Queries, 7 Ser. in. 38.

9 House of Lords Calendar (H. MSS. Comm. App. to 7 Rep.), 160 b.
10 H. MSS. Comm. App. to 3 Rep., 91.

10,OOOZ. n On 3 March, 1674 (-5) the same lord Widdrington addressed
a letter from Bothal to the duke of Newcastle, concerning the timber
lying at ' Sheaprock ' [Sheepwash] and Bothal Banks. 12 In a letter of
13 Dec. 1688, of Sir Christopher Musgrave, to Sir Daniel Fleming, he
states that the town of Newcastle had refused the assistance offered by
lord Widdrington from Berwick, and that having refused him, lord
Lumley need not fear they would accept Papists assistance. 13

The last [third] lord Widdrington took part in the Rising of 1715.
In a letter of 14 Oct. 1715, dated from Carlisle by brigadier-general
Stanwix, to the marquis of Annandale, he says he is sorry to find the
rebels are troublesome. He believes most of them have left Northumber-
land. . . ' I had a certain accompt this day that they are not above
400 in Northumberland which goe by the name of Darwentwater or
Witheringtons men. They had a designe upon Newcastle, but are
dissapointed.' 14 In a letter of 29 Oct. 1715, lord Lonsdale informs
lord Carlisle that the rebels came to Duns, near Berwick, where they
were joined by lords Widdrington and Darwen water and Mr. Foster,
out of Northumberland. 15

On the north-east side of the church of Mitton, in Lancashire, are
some monuments of the Sherburnes of Stonyhurst. Amongst them
is a mural tablet to the memory of ' the Honourable Peregrin Widdring-
ton, who was with his brother in the Preston affair where he lost his
fortune with his health by a long confinement in prison.' The ' Preston
Affair' has reference to the surrender at Preston on 13 Nov. 1715, to
General Carpenter, of 1700 insurgents, upon condition that they should
not be immediately put to the sword. Amongst them were lord Der-
wentwater, and lord Widdrington with his brothers Charles and
Peregrine. In their case capital punishment was remitted, though the
blood and title fell under the attainder. Thus the Northumberland
estates were forfeited to the Crown and sold. 16 In a list of English
carried prisoners by major Bland in 1715, the names of the earl of
Daringwater [Der went water] and lord Widdrington occur. 17 In a letter
of James Wilson to L. M., of 29 Aug. 1717, from Paris, it is said that
lord Widderington was to have annually a pension of 400. 18 This, the
last lord Widdrington, died abroad in poverty in 1743, and his only
surviving son died issueless in 1774, consequently the ancient family
became extinct in the direct male line. 19

The party then went by a field path to

CHIBBTJRN PRECEPTORY,

the remains of the early 14th cent, chapel and quaint house of Tudor
times attached to it were examined with much interest. 20 In the
south wall of the chapel the piscina remains, but it is so covered
by a pigstye that it wai seen with some difficulty. It seems a pity
that a more suitable place could not be found for such a structure.

n MSS. of J. Eliot Hodgkin (H. MSS. Comm. 15 Rep. ii.), 13.

12 Portland papers n. 150

13 MSS. of Sir H. le Fleming (H. MSS. Comm. 12 Rep.), 228.

K MSS. of J. J. Hope Johnston, Esq., of Annandale (H. MSS. Comm. Rep.), 126.

15 Earl of Carlisle's papers (H. MSS. Comm. Rep.), 17.

l Notet and Queries, 7 Ser. II. 426.

17 Hist. MSS. Comm. Appendix to 8 Rep., 50 a.

1 MSS. of J. Eliot Hodgkin, F.S.A., 230.

19 Notes and Queries, 7 Ser. 426.

20 Mr. F. R. Wilson was of opinion that the present house was built in 1553, the year
of the grant of the manor to Sir John Widdrington. A reh. Ael. v. 118. For plan, eleva-
tion, <&c., see same vol., also vol. xn.

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Neivc. i. (3 ser.)

To face page 86.

THE HOUSE FBOM THE N.W.

(From a photograph by the Rev. R. C. MacLeod, vicar of Mitford.)

BEMAINS OF THE CHAPEL AND HOUSE FROM N.E.

CHIBBURN.

This Plate presented by Mr, T. Taylor, F.S.A., of Chipchase Castle.

The west end of the chapel was divided into two floors, of which there
are structural remains. Over the door are two shields very much
worn, c ne of them bears a sort of double cross, the other probably
the arms of Widdrington. About 1275, Robert Grosthette, who is
described as formerly master of the hospital of St. John of Chibburn,
confirmed a quit claim of rights at Holy Island to the monks there,
brother John de Crauine, then preceptor, and brothers Alan and
Robert, clerks, witnessing the grant. This deed, bearing the seal of
the preceptory, is in the Durham Treasury. At the time of the
report of prior Philip de Thame in 1338, the manor house was ruinous,
and there was hardly any income owing to the war with Scotland, the
property being situated on the march of Scotland. At this time there
were a preceptor, two brethren, and servants to provide for, besides
William de Wyrkelee a pensioner of the house by grant of the chapter.
The balance in the treasury was only 9m. 65. 8d. and no more, because
the land had been laid waste many times during the war with Scotland.
The brethren were brother John de Bilton, preceptor, and brothers
John Dacombe, chaplain, and Simon Dengayne. 21 The house
stands greatly in need of repair, especially the roof, as the covering is
so defective in places that there are large holes. The building has been
fully dealt with by Mr. W. Woodman in the Arch. Journal, xvn. 35 ;
by Mr, F. R. Wilson in Arch, Ad. v. 113; and by Mr. J. Crawford
Hodgson, F.S.A., in Arch. Ael., xvn., 263, to which members are
referred. See also the Durh. & Northd. Arch. Society's Transactions
iv. xxx. ; Proc. iv., 150, for record of brief for damage done by the
French ; and ante, p. 30, for notice and illustration of the rude and
curious carved oak corbel or truss which was exhibited at the March
meeting, and which was in the chapel when Mr. Woodman wrote. A
sermon preached in the Chapel Royal, Savoy, on St. John's day, 1884,
by the Rev. Thomas W. Wood, chaplain of tho Order of St. John of
Jerusalem (English Language), may be consulted with profit, an it gives
some interesting information concerning the Hospitallers. 22

Members then returned to Widdrington, where they partook of tea
at the village inn.

The return journey was made through Ulgham and Longhirst to
Morpeth, which was duly reached in ample time for the train leaving
Morpeth station at 5-45 p.m., and thus ended a very pleasant outing.
With the exception of a shower of rain when leaving Ulgham the day
was fine throughout.

Among those present were Hon. and Rev. W. Ellis, rector of Bothal ;
the Rev. J. Walker, hon. canon of Newcastle, and rector of Whalton ;
Rev. R. C. MacLeod, vicar of Mitford ; Mr. George Irving of West
Fell, Corbridge ; Mr. and Mrs. Nesbitt of Newcastle ; Mr. and Mrs. C.
W. Henzell of Tynemouth ; Mr. and Mrs. J. S. Robson of Newcastle ;
and Mr. R. Blair (one of the secretaries) of Harton.

21 ' The Hospitallers in England ' Bajulia de Chibourn, (65 Camden Soc. publ.) 52.
22 The sermon was published by Charles Cull and Son, Houghton Street, Strand, at 6d,

I I

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 11.

The usual monthly meeting of the Society was held in the library of
the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 30th day of September, 1903,
at seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. J. V. Gregory, one of the vice-
presidents, being in the chair.

Several accounts recommended by the council for payment wore
ordered to be paid.

The following ordinary members were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. H. H. E. Craster of Beadnell Hall, Northumberland,
ii. George Humble, Elswick Grange, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
The following NEW BOOKS, etc., were placed on the table :
Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From the Lit. and Phil. Soc., Newcastle : Catalogue of the Library,

large 8vo., red buckram, 1903.

From the Rev. W. K. Burnett, vicar of Kelloe : ' An Address on
Leper Hospitals, preached at the Re-opening of the Church
of St. Helen, Kelloe, Durham, on Thursday, the 23rd July,
1903, by G. W. Kitchin, D.D., F.S.A., Dean of Durham,' sm.
8vo., pp. 16.

From Mr. C. D. Newby of the Bailey, Durham : A MSS. book
stitched in parchment covers, being a record of suits in the
Durham Court of Pleas for the years 1664 and 1665, known as
' The Remembrance Book.' It was given to the donor by a
former prothonotary of the court in whose possession it was when
the court became extinct in the early seventies of the 19 cent.
From Mr. William Lyall, surveyor, Darlington (per Mr. E. Wooler) :
A plan of the entrenchments at Stanwick, Yorkshire, ' to
preserve among the archives ' of the society. It has been
mounted on linen by Mr. George Irving.

Purchases : The Northern Genealogist, vi. ii. ; The Parish Registers
of Tynemouth, pt. ii., baptisms, 1662-1682, 8vo. ; The Registers
of Moulton, Northants, and of Coleby, Lincolnshire (Par.
Reg. Soc.), 8vo. ; The Antiquary for Sep., 1903 ; Notes and
Queries, Nos. 296-300; Der Oermanisch-Raetische Limes des Roemer-
reiches, xix. (' Kastell Heddesdorf, Kastell Echzell, & Kastel

Secmauern ' ) ; Christison's Early Fortifications of Scotland; and
the rev. E. A. Downam's plans of Ancient British camps [original
drawings of Lansdown, Littledown, Stokeleigh, Montacute,
Salisbury, and English Combe, Somersetshire ; Abdonburg,
Shropshire ; Beeli Clas, Radnorshire ; and Brandon and Risbury,
Herefordshire. ]

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. E. Wooler : A photograph and a rubbing of the Roman
tombstone erected to the memory of her husband byAurelia [Fad]-
illa ; found at Cliffe, and recorded by both Bruce (Lapid. Sept.
p. 377) and Hiibner (C.I.L. p. 91), now at Cliffe hall on the south
bank of the Tees near Piercebridge. [At the same place built
into the gable of a coach house is the upper half of the Royal
Arms (1 France, modern, and 2 England)]. Mr. Wooler also
reported that he had just got a Roman imperial coin of Augustus
struck at Alexandria, found by an angler on the Roman road
(now disused) called ' Cat gill lane ' about two miles north east
of Darlington.

By the Rev. W. T. Thorp of Charlton hall (per Mr. J. Crawford
Hodgson, F.S.A.) : A peg tankard 1 circa 1670. Plain, straight
sided, with flat cover slightly domed, having for thumb piece
two balls or berries similar to feet, on three ball (or strawberry?)
feet ornamented with foliage. It has in the interior, attached
to the side next the handle, a series of five pins or pegs. Four
marks on bottom, (i) ID with star below in shield, for John Dowth-
wayte, a Newcastle silversmith, 9 (ii & iii) a lion to the right
twice, and (iv) a single castle probably. Marks repeated on
cover but much abraded. Dimensions : height, 7 inches : dia-
meter at mouth, 5 inches ; at base, 5 inches ; girth, 15 inches ;
weight, 23oz. 10 dwts. Arms of Thorp on front.

By Mr. Pierson Cathrick, of Pieroebridge : An incised brass in his
possession, probably turned out of Stanwick church, Yorkshire.
It is to the memory of Elizabeth Catherick, and is said to have
been found in the hall at Hutton Magna, and was presented
to Mr. Cathrick. The brass is 26in. long by 9|in. wide, and
an illustration of it on a reduced scale, reproduced from a
very fine rubbing by Mr. John Gibson, the castle warder,
is given on page 88. There is a pedigree of the family in Forster's
Yorkshire Visitations of 1584 and 1612. The following is a
translation of the inscription, pasted on the back, by Dr. Randal
of Sunderland: 'A.D. 1591 July 17 on Saint Pantaleon's day,
in the 33 d year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, died Elizabeth
Catherick, widow of Anthony Catherick, of Stanweys, Esquire,
with whom she lived in matrimony 58 years, and she bore to him
five sons and six daughters, but his brother's son 6 succeeded him,
although one son 4 and three daughters 8 survived, which daughters
are now living married. Moreover the above mentioned Eliza-

1 Come old fellow, drink down to your peg !
But do not drink any farther I beg !

Longfellow, Golden Legend.

2 John Dowthwaite took up his freedom in 1666, and died in 1673.
s The nephew who succeeded bore the same name as his uncle Anthony Catherick.
He was the son of George Catherick of Carleton, near Stanwick ; he was born in 1654,
and living in 1712.

* Thomas, decribed as ' fatuus,' an idiot.

5 Margery married Roger Meynell of North Kilvington ; Gra married Robert
Lambert of Owton, or Oweton, near Seaton Carew ; and Dorothy married a Scrope.

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc.

To face page 90.

INSCRIBED STONE IN BISHOPWEARMOUTH TITHE-BARN. ( See pages 98 & 99.)

SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PEG TANKARD.
In possession of the Rev. T. Thorp ( See opposite page.)

( From a photograph by Mr. Parker Brevis.)

both greatly enriched the family of her husband, both in wealth
and in honour. She was the eldest daughter and one of the
coheiresses 6 of Roland Tempest, of Homsett [Holmeside] in the
County of Durham ; on her mother's side she was a Radcliffe of
the worthy Dilston family. The above-mentioned Roland was
both an esquire in his own right and lawfully held certain lands
of the noble and illustrious Unfreville 7 formerly earl of Anguishe
in Scotland, and baron of Prode [Prudhoe] and Riddesdale.'

Thanks were voted for these exhibits.

CIST BURIAL ON KILHAM HILL, NORTHUMBERLAND.

Mr. R. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following note by the
earl of Tankerville on the opening by himself of a burial mound on his
land on the top of Kilham hill in Northumberland, i;nd the discovery of
the cist in the centre :

" I am afraid I have
not much of interest to
tell you in regard to
our digging on Kilham
hill. I suggested to
Mr. Piddocke that we
should search there.
We began without spe-
cial plan, starting in
from the west. After
digging nearly to the
centre I suggested that
a large stone on the
south side might once]
have marked the meri-
dian, and that one end!
or the other of thisj
stone probably marked
the spot on which it
had once stood. With
this idea in mind, we
dug towards the cen-
tre, and in the centre
we found a large block
of whin-stone. Up to
this point we had found
innumerable pieces of
bone and a few pieces of charcoal all the way. Besides this there was a
channel (natural or roughly worked) in the bed rock, which looked as if
it had once run with blood. The very dark-coloured earth was greasy
to the touch, and became light-coloured very soon after being exposed
to the light. After clearing the ground round this large block of
whin-stone, I tried with the pick and found it covered a hollow space of
some kind. After some difficulty we raised the stone, and found a cist
about the size of the blade of my spade, and about a foot deep. The
stones which formed it rested on the bed rock. They were not hewn

6 Coheiresses, three sisters : Elizabeth, Grace and Ann.

7 There are tombs of the Umfreville family in Langham church, Essex. Barrett's
Eastx, 2 Ser. 105.

or broken in any way. The cist was full of bones. Whether they
had been burned or not I could not tell, but I am inclined to think they
must have been. At any rate they were in fragments, bits of the skull
and leg bones being jumbled up together. We searched through this
very carefully with our hands and with a knife. There were no arrow
heads or weapons of any kind, and there was no urn. The stone
capping of the cist, however, made a perfect box. It seemed to me
as if these remains must have been at a lower level than that on which
the other bodies were undoubtedly burned. These were, I think,
cremated above the big whin-stone, and to the south of it, between it
and what I call the meridian stone. There were no bones north of the
cist, nor any of the dark soil either. We dug away a considerable
portion of stones and earth west of the N. and S. ditch in my sketch, but
the bone fragments ceased W. of that line. At the place where this
meridian stone lay there is a natural or roughly scooped trough at right
angles to the channel running from the cist. Would this have been
used, for libations ? I think that is about all there is to say in regard
to a rather disappointing search."

The earl of Tankerville was thanked for his communication.

JESMOND.

Mr. F. W. Dendy read portions of his exhaustive account of Jesmond,
which will form the first volume of the next series (3rd) of Archaeologia
Aeliana.

It was the most important paper that had been read before the
society for many years..

The thanks of members were voted to Mr. Dendy by acclamation.

ROMAN INSCRIPTIONS FROM THE TYNE AT NEWCASTLE.

Mr. Blair read notes by Commandant R. Mowat of Paris, on the
twin altars to Neptune and Oceanus, discovered in the bed of the river
at Newcastle. He also exhibited a number of casts of Roman coins 8 of
Hadrian, from the National Collection at Paris, shewing anchor and
river god reverses, kindly sent by M. Mowat to illustrate his remarks.
The paper will appear in Arch. Aeliana, xxv., together with Mr. Heslop's
paper on the Oceanus altar, read at the May meeting (p. 50), and his
paper on the inscribed slab at the August meeting already printed in
the Proceedings (p. 72).

He then read notes by Mr. Haverfield on the inscribed slab from the
same place, temp. Antoninus Pius, naming three legions and a new
governor Julius Verus. This will also be printed in the same volume
of Arch. Ael.

Mr. Blair next drew the attention of members to the slab thus de-
scribed by Mr. Haverfield, on the ledge of one of the bookcases, which
had so many points of epigraphical interest, and reported that his col-
league and himself had asked the Tyne Commissioners to present the
stone to the society, and to this request they had generously acceded.

Thanks were voted by acclamation to Commandant Mowat, and to
Mr. Haverfield for their papers, and especially to the River Tyne
Commissioners and their engineer for the gift of the slab.

8 See reproductions of them on the plate facing p. 72, from a photograph by Mr. Brewis.

Proc. Soe. Antiq. Newc. 3 Ser. Vol. I.

To face page

INSCRIPTION FROM DARLINGTON.
< See page 108.)

CISTERN HEAD FROM OLD HOUSE IN PILGRIM STREET, NEWCASTLE.
( See page 94.)

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.
VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 12.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library
of the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 28th day of October, 1903,
at seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. J. V. Gregory, one of the vice-
presidents, being in the chair.

Several accounts, recommended by the council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The following ordinary members were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. R. J. Aynsley, Rectory Terrace, Gosforth, Newcastle.
ii. Arthur Gregory, 2 Brandling Terrace, Newcastle.

The following NEW BOOKS, &c., were placed on the table :

Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From Messrs. J. MacLehose & Son, the publishers : The Scottish
Historical Review, i, i., 8vo. [contains the very interesting English
letter of Gospatric, of which the original was recently discovered
at Lowther castle.]

From Dr. G. A. Hulsebos of Utrecht, hon. member : ' Verslag
aangaande het Museum van Oudheden van het Provinciaal
Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen over
1902/3'. Overprint, 8vo. pp. 5.

Exchanges :

From the Sussex Archaeological Society: Sussex Archl. Coll., XLVI.,

8vo. cloth.

From the Huguenot Society of London: (i) Proc., vn. i. ; and (ii)
Byelaws and List of Fellows, 1903 ; both 8vo.

Pin-chases : Calendar of State Papers, Ireland, Adventurers, 1642-1659 ;
The Antiquary and The Reliquary, for Oct. 1903 ; Notes and
Queries, nos. 301-4 ; Jahrbuch of the Imp. Germ. Arch. Inst.
xviii., iii., large 8vo. ; New English Dictionary, Leisureness-Llyyn
(vol. vi.), edited by H. Bradley ; and The Scottish Historical
Review, i. i., 8vo.

DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM.

The following were announced, and thanks voted to the donors :
From the Corporation of Newcastle (per Mr. J. F. Edge, the city en-
gineer): Two large leaden cistern heads and an old roasting jack from
an old house on the Quay, recently demolished by the Corporation.
The cistern heads have a sort of acanthus leaf pattern on them
similar to those shewn on the accompanying plate (p. 93), on
one is the letter A and the year 1777 in ornamental letters, and
on the other a lion rampant and the same date.

EXHIBITED

By Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) : Two old photographs taken
about 1875, of portions of the Roman camp at South Shields, one
representing the inside of a portion of the east rampart ; the other
shewing a large portion of the ' forum' covered by a fallen but
unbroken wall of a building which was to the north of it, and of
which the lower courses were standing ; between the fallen wall
and the pavement earth had accumulated, proving that the camp
had been deserted for a long time. (See opposite plate.)
By A. Reid & Co., Ltd., photographs of two leaden cistern heads very
like those already described, but on each of them the letters M M
and the date 1790. They were removed from the house 10 Pilgrim
Street, recently pulled down by Messrs. Reid, and sent to the
melting pot. (See plate facing p. 93.)

Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) reported that he had been shewn five
Roman coins found at the Trow Rocks, near South Shields, washed up
by the sea. The man who has the coins informed him that they were
in the rubbish taken out of the river at Newcastle bridge by the divers,
which was being tipped at the place named.* The coins are :
Trajan

AB. obv. IMP CAES NEBVA TBAiAN AVG GERM ; laureated head to

right.

rev. P M TB P cos mi p p ; nude figure on pedestal (Her-
cules ?) with club in right hand.
1 AE. obv. Head of Trajan to right ; inscription illegible.

rev. Female figure standing ; much worn ; inscription illegi-
ble.
Antoninus Pius

1 AE. obv. ANTONINVS AVG Pivs p p TB p cos mi ; laureated head

to right.
rev. Female figure standing to left, rudder in left hand, dish

in right, held over an altar on the ground, in field s c.
M. Aureliua

1 AE. obv ANTONIN head to right.

rev. Victory marching to left, wreath in outstretched right

hand.
Victorinus

3 AE. obv. Radiated head to right.

rev. LAETITIA AVG ; figure standing.

* Mr. Walker, the river engineer, in reply to a query, writes ' Some of the rubbish
from the bed of the river at Newcastle has been tipped at the Trow Hocks, but it is, I
think, open to grave doubt at to whether the coins were found there.' I do not doubt
it, as nothing is more likely. Hnce the meeting a beautiful second brass coin of the
emperor Hadrian has been shown to me from the same place. It is of what is generally
known as ' Corinthian brass, and is as bright and fresh almost as the day it came from
the mint. The emperor's head radiated is on one side, and on the other Fortune with
rudder, seated to left, the inscription cos in being around, and FORT RED in the ex-
ergue. It was a custom of the Romans to throw money and other objects into springs
and rivers, to propitiate the deities of the streams. See Arch. Ael. vm. 4, et seq.Ed.

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. 3 ser. i.

To face page 94.

THE ' FALLEN WALL ' IN THE ' FORUM

PORTION OF THK INSIDE OF THE EAST BAMPABT

ROMAN CAMP, SOUTH SHIELDS, 1876.
(see opposite page.)

COUPLAND CASTLE.

Mr. Blair read an account of this castle by the Rev. M. Galley, the
owner.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Culley by acclamation.

The paper will be printed in extenso in the Archaeologia Aeliana, xxv .

DISCOVERY OF ROMAN STONE COFFINS ETC. IN NEWCASTLE.

Mr. Blair next read some notes, by Mr. F. W. Rich, on the two stone
coffins of the Roman period recently discovered in Clavering Place,
Newcastle, while excavations were being made for the extension of
Messrs. Robinson & Go's premises. In one of the coffins, which is 3
feet long, some human bones were discovered, and also a small urn of
Caistor ware having round its widest part the wave pattern embracing
pellets, all in white slip.

The note will be printed in the Archaeologia Aeliana (vol. xxv.) with
reproductions of photographs by Thompson & Lee of one of the coffins
and of the urn, and also of a plan of the site, all kindly supplied by Mr.
Rich.

Mr. R. O. Heslop proposed a vote of thanks to Mr. Rich for the
important paper to which they had just listened, and for the photo-
graphs and plan of the site accompanying it. With this he moved that
cordial thanks be accorded to Messrs. Robinson & Co., Ltd., for their
presentation of these most interesting objects to the society. It was
the first occasion on which a Roman sarcophagus had been acquired for
the Blackgate museum. Two of these had now been discovered to-
gether, and their acquisition added an extremely interesting feature to
their collection of Roman remains. Another point of interest in
connexion with this discovery had been pointed out by his colleague
Mr. Blair, namely, the Roman practice of having their burial places by
the sides of their great roads. These interments may thus indicate the
direction by which the main road led from the head of the Roman bridge
to the stationary camp of Pons Aelii. The remains were found by the
side of the old Toot hill (giving its name to Tuthill stairs) and a road of
comparatively easy gradient may have led from the bridge-end obliquely
along the face of the declivity, gaining access to the plateau above by
the little gorge to the north of the Toot hill. At this point the excava-
tions made by Mr. Rich had disclosed the course of a stream, carried in a
lofty culvert, and at the south-west angle of Messrs. Robinson's works
what appeared to have been a small dene had been filled in with tipped
material. The defile in the face of this almost precipitous hill is just
such as would have been taken advantage of by the road engineer ;
and he hoped Mr. Blair's suggestion of the connexion between the
highway and the Roman practice of burial might yet afford some clue,
not only to the position of the roadway but also to the situation and
extent of the station itself. The sarcophagus containing the vase,
when first opened, was full of water and its contents were stirred to-
gether and in a great part destroyed in the haste of the finder to discover
treasure. The lid had been secured by four iron dowels, run in with
lead, one at each corner, and the costly nature of the interment indicated
that the child, whose remains were enclosed, had belonged to some
person of quality. An examination of the vase, buried with the deceased,
showed that its edge had been broken, and that the jagged fracture had
been smoothed by grinding down its upper edge. The prettiness of the
vase itself, the care taken to render it smooth in the hand, and its
deposit with the body were indications that this vase had been the

favourite plaything of the little one. Its parents had thus committed
their child to earth, in death as in life, clasping its precious toy. Messrs.
Robinson had added to the society's obligation, not only by presenting
these objects, but by carting them to the museum ; whilst to Mr. Rich
himself it was owing that they had been saved from destruction and
permanently recorded in the beautiful and accurate manner shown in
his photographs, plan, and most interesting paper.
The motion was carried by acclamation.

BISHOPWEARMOUTH TITHE BARN.

Mr. John Robinson read the following notes on this building :
" The Bishop wearmouth tithe-barn is not mentioned in any history
of Sunderland. Hutchinson has a record of Sir Richard de Hylton,
giving permission for the prior at Monkwearmouth to use the private
roads when gathering in their tithes, and of the grant of land on which
to build their tithe-barn, of which, however, there is no record. Yet, as
it was one of the largest and wealthiest parishes in the north of England,
it is reasonable to expect that it would be a building in keeping with
the size of the parish. It was part and parcel of the rectory buildings,
and lies within the walls that surrounded the rectory proper, the
rectory grounds being to the north and east. The whole is now covered
with streets, &c. Of the ancient rectory, no portion remains but the
coach-house and saddle-room. The first mention of it is in a parlia-
mentary memorandum of August 29th, 1650, in which it reports ' that
whereas the parsonage-house of Bishop Wearmouth was in the year
1646 defaced and exceedingly ruined by armies, William Johnson,
admitted at the time to the rectory (by parliament), has since disbursed
considerable sums of money to make the same habitable. In all
41 8s. Od.' In a volume of Dr. Paley's works, there is an illustration
of the rectory. When the building was pulled down, gunpowder had to
be employed in the work of destruction. The black oak staircase was
taken to the new rectory ; the stones were used by the speculative
builder, and the rubbish went to fill up the higher portion of the rec-
tory burn, or gill. The tithe-barn is now so surrounded by streets and
warehouses that it is impossible to photograph, or even sketch the
entire building. The photographs which I now exhibit will enable you
to form an idea of its size and appearance. Judging from the gable,
it is evidently as old as the walls, portions of which yet remain, that
surrounded the rectory, its outhouses and gardens, all of which are of
the local limestone. The present tithe barn building is only half, or more
correctly speaking, one-third its original size, for when the Ecclesiastical
Commissioners sold the rectory and grounds in the early part of last
century, the western portion of the barn was pulled down to allow a
street to be built on the ground it occupied. Previous to its demolition
part had been used as a brew-house and a laundry by the rectors, the
portion still standing being used as a stable and hay loft. When it was
last used as a tithe-barn is not known, though probably archdeacon
Paley would be the last user. He did not believe in the usual methods
of collecting tithes, but recommended ' their conversion into corn-rents,
as a practical and beneficial alteration, in which the interest of all
parties might be equitably adjusted.' Soon after his establishment at
Bishopwearmouth, to remove even the probability of dispute, he
granted the principal land owners and farmers leases for his life, at an

* In the 'Boldon Book' (Pudsey, 153-179) Wearmouth and Tunstall are mentioned
together, when the punder gave the use of 12 acres of land, and paid a thrave of corn
from every cart load ; 80 hens, and 50u eggs. (See Surt. Soc. publ.)

annual rent in lieu of tithes. Dr. Paley found himself perfectly at ease
by this arrangement, and, when he heard of a bad crop, used to say :
' Aye, aye, now, I am well off ; my tithes are safe, and I have nothing
to do with them, or to think about them.' The absence of all informa-
tion relating to the ancient church and its institution can only be
accounted for by the same reason one of the rectors gave when a dispute
arose between him and the tithe payers as to the ancient agreements
and leases of the glebe lands. He told the discontented parishioners
that during the scare in the early days of the Jacobite rising all the
legal documents relating to the church lands were sent by sea to the
more secure port of Hull, when the vessel was either seized by the
French, or lost in a storm, for neither documents nor ship were ever
heard of again. With this information the church tenants had to be
content, and pay an increased yearly assessment. The tithe barn has
all the indications of hoary antiquity. The west gable, in which are the
large double doors, is quite modern, and is a patch work of bricks and
limestone work. The east.gable, as can be seen from the plate facing p.
96, is a picturesque piece of masonry, every portion in it being of local
limestone, with two long slits* high up in the gable for air-holes, and
supported by two heavy buttresses, there had been a third but it was
removed some years ago in the building of a neighbouring wall. The
high pitched roof, some two feet lower than the pointed gable, is covered
with pantiles, except a lower course of flagstones, some few of which are
as strong and secure in their position to-day as they were two centuries
or more ago. A warehouse is built against the south wall, and the north
wall leads into the ancient saddle room and coach-house of the old rec-
tory. On the ground floor which is now used as a slaughter-house and
stable there is a low doorway in the west corner of the south wall ; in it
also is a fine old window, or half door way, now built up. On entering
the hay-loft you see a large room, with massive beams binding the
walls together. In the south wall is a large window space, which had
originally been trellised, directly opposite on the north wall is a small
opening 10 inches by 14, for what purpose it is now difficult to say. On
the east gable wall are the two long slits, or air-holes, the outer opening
is 2 inches, while the inner splay is 22 inches, their total length is, one
7 feet 2 inches, the second, 5 feet 9 inches. The walls are 3 feet in
thickness, and are as solid to-day as when first built. The original
length of the building was 108 feet, and my informant who built property
in Eden street (and lives there yet, in his 85th year) which is on the old
site of the removed portion of the barn, said the west gable was pulled
down to prevent it falling against his own property. The eastern portion
left standing was afterwards used by rector Wellesley brother to the
duke of Wellington as a stable. Adjoining this remaining portion of
the tithe barn is the harness room and coach house. It was evidently
part of the original building, and is connected by an ancient doorway
which is now built up. The original windows of the coach house are
yet to be seen, the upper one with its original lattice work. The
massive beam which was above the doorway to the coach house is also
in position. The associations of these ancient out-houses are more
romantic than those of the tithe barn. For as we had prince bishops in
the early days of Durham church history, so the rectors of Bishopwear-
mouth had their courts leet, and were of much importance, with theii
income of upwards of 5,000 a year. Their stables, like their tables,

* The slits are low down in the plate, as it was not possible to photograph the
whole of the gable. The top of one of the buttresses is just seen. In the second illus-
tration the whole of one buttress is shown with the gable sideways.

had to equal to their position in society. The most famous rector
archdeacon Paley was fond of both ; but he was an indifferent horse-
man. He has left on record numerous illustrations of this defect in his
accomplishments. ' I was never a good horseman,' he delighted to
tell his friends, ' and when I followed my father on a pony of my own,
on my first journey to Cambridge, I fell off several times, my father
hearing a heavy thud, would turn his head half aside and say, ' Take
care of thy money, lad.' Many years after, when a horse was pre-
sented to him on which to exercise, he sent it to grass at a farm seven
miles away, and walked the distance every day to see how his horse
fared. So at Bishopwearmouth he kept his horses near the tithe-barn,
and rode them for exercise in the grounds behind the rectory ; this gave
rise to a pleasant story, which he himself delighted to relate to his
friends. Some wag, who knew him well as a horseman, one morning
wrote upon the gates of the entrance ' Feats of horsemanship
here every day, by an eminent performer.' Two or three weeks after,
when the bishop of Elphin was on a visit to the learned rector, the same
wag announced on the park door, ' Additional feats, for a few days
only, by a new performer from Ireland.'

These historic out-houses, are yet associated wth horses, and are
now part of the extensive establishment of alderman J. H. Smith, by
whose kind permission I have been allowed to examine every nook
and corner of the tithe barn and adjoining buildings, no portion of
which has been destroyed since they came into his possession, upwards
of 40 years ago. The tithe- barn has, however, an additional claim to
historic interest, for, built into the wall of the adjoining building is an
inscribed stone, 5 feet Tin. by 12 in., which may be of Roman workman-
ship. Within a short distance from the spot where it has been exposed
for centuries there are, Deptford, and the well-known Roman ford
across the Wear near Hylton, on a line with the Roman road from
Hartlepool to South Shields. It was the usual custom of the Romans
to guard all their fords. ' I never passed a river,' says Horsley in his
Roman Stations in Britain, ' where the military way also crossed it, but
I found a station upon it if the river was considerable, and not too
near another.'' And Dr. Bruce says ' Whenever the Wall has occasion
to traverse a river or a mountain pass, a mile-castle has usually been
placed on the one side or the other to guard the defile.' What applied to
the great Wall will, with equal force, be applicable to the military road
along the coast. An ancient fort probably stood at the first bend of the
river at Wearmouth. Thirty years ago, Mr. John Moore, an observing
and industrious local antiquary, examined the foundations of an ancient
building, whih had stood at the point of the river bank, which commands
a view of the sea and the mouth of the river, and at one time there
would be an uninterrupted veiw up the river ; the foundations were five
feet below the surface, and four feet thick. There is no record of the
existence of such a fort at the spot, but there is traditional evidence
handed down to this day in the name ' Castle Street,' one of the oldest
streets in Bishopwearmouth, which leads from High Street to the spot
where the foundations were found, and not far from the first ford,
now named ' Deptford.' By the courtesy of Mr. H. H. Wake, engineer
to the River Wear Commissioners, I was allowed to examine the old
maps of the river, and it shows that within the length of the Com-
missioners' jurisdiction there were formerly five fords from the rectory
grounds upwards. Mr. John Moore informs me that ' At Hylton,
where the two winding roads meet, at the north and south of the river,
I have been told by keelmen that their boat-hooks were constantly

s >
-

coming in contact with dressed stones, which at extreme low tides
could be seen, some with lead and rods of iron in them. I have myself
felt the stones with a boat-hook, when rowing on the river. The keel-
men thought there had been a Roman bridge there. I have always had
an impression that -there was such a bridge, that the stones I have seen
were part of the pier or wall at the shore end, and that in the centre
of the stream was a pillar to receive the beam of wood which could
be speedily removed in the presence of the enemy.' What, therefore,
is more reasonable to suppose, than that the inscribed stone built into
the wall of the coach house of the rectory buildings of Bishopwearmouth,
originally came from the Roman fort which may have guarded the river
Wear at a point commanding a view of the open sea, and the two
fords Deptford and Ford where the Roman soldiers had to cross
to and from the stations at South Shields and Hartlepool. Should my
conjecture be correct, it will mark the first discovery of Roman sculp-
tured remains found at the mouth of the river Wear. I am informed
that the freestone immediately below the inscribed stone, is very
similar to that found in the neighbourhood of Coxgreen, and is from the
same quarries from which that for the Penshaw monument was procured.
The whole of the ancient walling is limestone, the only stone in the
district, with the exception of seven freestones, including the sculptured
stone in question, which is 5 feet 7 inches by 12 inches, another of the
stones, immediately below it, is 5 feet by 8 inches. I regret I have been
unable to examine the stones that were dredged up at Hylton. Mr.
Wake, C.E., the engineer to the Wear Commissioners, in reply to my
inquiries wrote me, ' I am sorry I have none of the stones from the
ford or bridge foundations at Hylton, as at the time the dredger was
working on the site my attention was not drawn to the matter until too
late to save some of the stones, though I understand some were got
(without my knowledge) by some person at Hylton.' It will thus be
seen that by a series of misfortunes we have no direct evidence of
Roman occupation, but I venture to claim in the sculptured stone to be
seen in the ancient wall of the Bishopwearmouth rectory buildings, is
an evidence that a Roman soldier in guarding the ford across the
Wear, put on record his ' vow, willingly and deservedly made,' to his
household god. For the stone, though much weathered, yet retains
cjhe well-known initial letters found as the termination of many
Roman altars V. S. L. M."

Thanks were voted to Mr. Robinson for his notes.

MITFOBD CHURCH.

Mr. Blair read the following notes on this church by the Rev. R. C.
MacLeod, the vicar :

" The oldest portion of the existing building is the Norman arcade of
the south aisle, which probably dates from the middle of the 12th
century. There were originally two aisles, but, after the Bertrams were
attainted in the 13th century, the aisles were taken down and walls
built on the north and south side of the nave, probably in the 14th
century. Of these the north wall still remains, the south wall was
taken down by Colonel Mitford about 1880, when the Norman arcading
was found embedded in the masonry. The pillars are round, and the
abacus and bases of a most characteristic Norman character. (See
plate facing p. 100.)

The two chapels are 14th century, one known as the Mitford chapel,
the other as the Pigdon chapel, which latter is now used as a vestry.

100

The piscina in the Mitford chapel shews that there was formerly an altar
at the east end. One has now been placed at the south end under the
window, which accords rather with the Roman than the Anglican use.
The chancel is probably masonry ; has been scraped, and if any mason
marks existed they have been obliterated.

Similarly the beautiful sedilia on the south side bears marks of
having been built during the transition from Norman to early English,
while the abacus on two of the shafts is square, on two it is round, and
the two last named pillars are filleted. The south door of the chancel
is distinctly Norman, the capitals are cushion-shaped, and the mould-
ings are the lozenge, the cable, and chevron. On the east wall o f the
chancel a stone ornamented with the chevron moulding is built in above
the south lancet window. I think probably there was a Norman
chancel whih was destroyed in a Scottish raid or by fire towards the
end of the twelfth century, and that when the new chancel was built
some of the old materials were worked in. There is a doorway blocked
up on the north side of the chancel, and the existence of some building
here is indicated by the corbel stones which probably supported the
roof, and by the fact that the base moulding ceases at the point where
the corbel stones begin. There are some mason marks on the sedilia.
In other parts of the church there is very early 13th century work, or
even late 12th century. Though at first sight the three lancet windows
at the east end appear to be pure Early English, a closer examination
shews that though the shafts between the lights have a round abacus,
and bands at intervals upon them, those on the north and south have
the abacus square, and the capitals are Norman in character. From
these last named capitals runs a string course which is also Norman in
character."

Thanks were voted to Mr. MacLeod for his notes.

OLD COAL WORKINGS, FERRYHILL.

Mr. E. Wooler of Darlington, in a letter to the editor dated October
24th, 1903, writes :

* You will perhaps know that Messrs. Bolckow, Vaughan & Co. have
opened out a new colliery, called the Dean and Chapter Colliery, at
Ferryhill village. It was thought that the coal was virgin, but the
main seam has been partially worked, and they have made some very
interesting discoveries in the working, viz., old tools, tub, and a- boar's
head. Seeing that Newcastle is in the midst of the coal trade, I think
you should secure these mementoes of old time working for the museum,
as a large number of pitmen visit the castle. If you were to write to
Mr. I. A. Derwent of No. 19 Danesbury Terrace, Darlington, I have no
doubt from what he said to me yesterday that you could secure them.'

Mr. Blair said he had written to Mr. Derwent, but had received no
reply to his letter.

PIERCEBRIDGE.

Mr. Wooler exhibited a photograph of a small Roman vase^ which
had been found in the camp at Piercebridge. It is the top illustration
on the plate facing p. 64.

Mr. Wooler was thanked for these communications,

Proc. Soc Antiq. Neivc. 3 ser. vol. i.

To face page 100.

MITFORD CHURCH, INTERIOR LOOKING E.
From a photograph by the Rev. B. C. MacLeod, vicar of Mitford.

101

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.
VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1903. No. 13.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library of
the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 25th day of November, 1903,
at seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. Richard Welford, one of the vice-
presidents, being in the chair.

Several accounts, recommended by the council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The chairman stated that since their last meeting they had lost by
death three of their members, Mr. George Skelly of Alnwick, and Mr.
R. Y. Green and Mr. Wm. Glendenning of Newcastle, in addition to
professor Mommsen, one of their honorary members, of whom a memoir
was to be read this evening. He was sure the respective families of
these departed friends had their heartfelt sympathies.

The following NEW BOOKS, &c., were placed on the table :

Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From Mr. J. Crawford Hodgson, F.S.A., a vice-president : The
Antiquary, vols. i-xxxv, half-bound.

From Mr. John Moore (per Mr. John Robinson, the writer) : The
Attwood Family, with Notes and Pedigrees ; 8vo., illustrated,
printed, for private circulation, by Hills & Co., Sunderland, 1903.

From the Rev. E. J. Taylor, F.S.A., vicar of West Pelton : A small
parchment document of 1734, bearing the seal of the burgh of
Culross, being a ' Burgess and Guild Ticket of the burgh of
Culross, in favor of Mr. John Eiston.'

Exchanges :

From ' La Societe d'Archeologie de Bruxelles': Annales, xvn., iii &

iv, 8vo. [contains a short article on ' Le tissue de Modene,' and

additional notes, profusely illustrated, by M. Paul Saintenoy, on

baptismal fonts].

From the Berwickshire Naturalists Club : History, xvm, i, 1901.
From the Royal Arch. Institute : The Arch. Journal, LX (2 ser. x, 2),

June, 1903, 8vo.
From the Numismatic Society of London : Numismatic Chronicle,

4 ser., no. 11, 1903, pt. iii, 8vo.

102

From the Cambrian Arch. Association : Archaeologia Cambrensis

October, 1903, 6 ser. in, 4.
From the Bristol and Gloucestershire Arch. Society : Transactions,

xxv, ii, 8vo.
From the - Videnskabsselskabet i Christiania' : Skrifter Maalet i dei

gamle nor she Kongebrev, av Marcus HcBgstad, 8vo.

Purchases : Griffin's Year Book of Societies, for 1902-3; Mittheilungen
. of the Imp. Germ. Archl. Inst. vol. xvni, large 8vo., Rom,
1903 ; and Notes and Queries, 305-308.J

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. M. H. Hodgson of South Shields : A carving in wood, 8in.
long by 6in. wide, representing, under ' an arched recess, a
crowned figure seated in a chair, a female figure behind and two
in front.

By Mr. If old of Newcastle : Two wooden nutcrackers, from Berk-
shire, each Gins, long, worked by a wooden screw ; one has
two comic faces back to back, one with wide open mouth in
which the nut is to be placed ; the other represents a squirrel
with a nut in its mouth.

By Mr. E. Wooler of Darlington: The Roman vase found at
Piercebridge of which he exhibited a photograph at the last
meeting of the society (p. 100). A reproduction of this photo-
graph may be seen on the plate facing p. 64. The urn is 7in. high
and about Gins, in diameter at the widest part.

By Mr. T. J. Bell of Cleadon, (per Mr. R. Blair) : Four Roman coins
found at the Trow Rocks one each of Vespasian and. Antoninus
Pius, and two of Faustina the younger. The following are de-
scriptions of them :

2 M obv. IMP CAES VESPASIAN Avo cos mi ; laureated head to

right.

rev. An eagle, with outspread wings, fronting and standing
on a globe, head turned to right ; s c in field. (A.D. 71,
Cohen, 2 ed. no. 481.)
Antoninus Pius

2 & obv. ANTONINVS Avo pivs P P TR p xvni; laureated head

to right.

rev. BRITANNIA cos iin ; in exergue s c. Britannia seated
to left, on a rock on which she rests her left hand, right
hand upraised. (A.D. 155)
Faustina the younger (wife of M. Aurelius)

1 M obv. FAVSTINA AVGVSTA ; head to right.

rev. AVGVSTI PII FIL ; Concord, a column behind, standing
to left, holding a cornucopia in left hand and a patera
in outstretched right.

2 JE. obv. Inscription illegible ; head to right.

rev. Inscription illegible ; figure standing.

The Chairman reported that the council had accepted the tender of
Messrs. R. Robinson & Co., Ltd., for printing the first volume of the third
series of the Archaeologia Aeliana, subject to confirmation by the society ;
and that the council recommended that a volume, bound in buckram,
with paper label, be issued about the middle of each year.

This was unanimously agreed to.

The Chairman then gave notice, in terms of statute xv, that at the

103

anniversary meeting of the society on the 27th January, 1904, he would
move that that portion of statute x, which provides for the issue to
members of two illustrated parts of the Archaeologia in the months of
January and June in each year, be rescinded ; and that instead thereof
the words, a ' complete illustrated volume of the Archaeologia, bound
in cloth or buckram, shall be issued to members in June of each year.'

The recommendation of the council that no meeting of the society be
held in December, and that the annual meeting be held on the 27th
January, 1904, at two o'clock in the afternoon, was unanimously agreed
to.

CHOLLERTON CHURCH.

Bishop Hornby, rector of Chollerton, reported that while excavating
at the north-east corner of the chancel of Chollerton church, in order to
fix a boiler for the new heating apparatus, the foundations of an old wall
running parallel with the church were uncovered. In the wall was
found a stone 18ins. long by 12ins. across at the top, having incised in its
centre a ' dagger-shaped ' cross of somewhat rude workmanship. A
quantity of skulls and other human remains were also found. The
bishop sent a cutting from the Evening Chronicle of the 21st November,
in which a representation of the stone is given. The bishop asked if
any members could throw light upon the discovery.

THE LATE PROFESSOR MOMMSEN, HON. MEMBER.

Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries), read an obituary notice of professor
Mommsen, by Mr. F. Haverfield, F.S.A., which will be printed in the
Archaeologia Aeliana. So recently as the week before his death the
learned professor elucidated an obscure word in the recently discovered
inscribed slab from the Tyne, at Newcastle. A photograph of professor
Mommsen, and a letter from him, were passed round. The former and
a portion of the latter will be reproduced.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Haverfield, and it was resolved to send a
letter of sympathy to the widow of professor Mommsen.

THE LATE WILFRID J. CRIPPS, F.S.A.

Mr. Blair next read an obituary notice, by Mr. T. M. Fallow, F.S.A., of
the author of Old English Plate, a book that has passed through many
editions. A portrait of Mr. Cripps, which will be reproduced for the
Archaeologia, was passed round.

This memoir also will appear in the Archaeologia Aeliana.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Fallow.

WHALTON ' BONEFIRE.'

The Rev. J. Walker, rector of Whalton and hon. canon of Newcastle,
read his paper on the Whalton bonefire, which will be printed in the
same volume (xxv) of Archaeologia. A fine series of photographs, by
Sir I. Benjamin Stone, M.P., illustrating different stages in the cere-
mony, was passed round the room.

In moving a vote of thanks to Canon Walker, Mr. R. O. Heslop gave
an interesting account of the Newcastle ' bonefires,' as the correct word
used to be (actually fires of bones), and read local records relating to fires
in July, 1579, on both Midsummer Eve and St. Peter's Day, and there was
a further record of a ' bonefire ' in 1593. This last, however, was merely
a feu-de-joie. He remarked that Dr. Murray in his dictionaryjnentioned
that the 'rubbish about bale-fires imported from the Old Testament was

104

outside the pale of scientific enquiry.' Bale-fire was used by Sir Walter
Scott as a picturesque word to describe a beacon fire, and the word was
of Teutonic origin.

In reply to a question, Mr. Walker said he had heard of the ashes being
surreptitiously taken away as a medicine for cattle, as it was considered
there was a certain efficacy attached to them as the remains of that par-
ticular fire, and in acknowledging the vote of thanks, he said the feeling
he had himself about the custom was that it was rather Druidical than
either Semitic or Phoenician in its origin. He remarked that although
there were traces of Phoenician worship having taken place in Northum-
berland, as when they were restoring Elsdon church they found built
into the tower the three horses' heads which were sacrificed at the
dedication of any building by the Phoenicians. And certainly the
Whalton fire could not be connected with any modern cause.

The vote of thanks was heartily carried, and the meeting concluded.

MISCELLANEA.

MABY BOWMAN SWINDON. Wanted, for literary purposes only, in-
formation of the family of Mary Bowman Swindon, formerly of W.
Auckland, county Durham, who married Henry Angelo the Fencer, in
1778, at St. Anne's, Soho.

In a catalogue (no. CCXLVI.) of MSS. of James Coleman of Tottenham
Terrace, Tottenham, near London, N., the following local documents
are offered for sale :

66. Durham. Deed between John Gargrave of Hetton-in-the-Hole, eo. Durham, and
Robert Crawe of Elwick, in same co., relating to land in Hetton-le-Hole. Sig.
and seal of Gargrave, 1628, 5.

107. Deed between Hy. Grey of Durham, co. Durham, gent., and Rich. Wilson of
Ulgham, relating to land in Hepscot, co. Northumberland, with fine sig. and
seal of Hy. Grey, 1668, 5*.

196. Deed between Philip Musgrave, son of Richard late of Howick, co. Northum-
berland, and Anthony Musgrave of the town and co. of Newcastle, relating to
land in Thornehope, co. Northumberland, with sig. and seal of Philip, 1713, 4s. 6d.

222. Deed between the Right Hon. John Bowes, earl of Strathmore and Kinghorn,
in Scotland, and Percival Clennell of Harbottle, Northumberland, esq. , relating
to land in Hetton-le-Hole, co. Durham, two large skins with fine sig. of earl of
Strathmore, 1774, 5s. 6d.

242. Deed between William Ramsay of Newcastle, and James Fryer, Ralph Wallis
of Knaresdale hall, Northumberland, relating to land, &c., in Knaresdale ; sig.
and seals of Wm. R., J. F., and R. W., 1707, 4s. 6d.

326. Large Vellum Map of Scremeraton S. Side Moor farm, co. Durham [North], of
827a. of land in Ancroft, 1783, 30s.

In a catalogue of Mr. John Hitchman, Bulleins Bulwarke of Defence
against all Sickness, 1572, is advertized for sale. The writer, speaking of
the salt made in England, informs us that he had a share in the salt-pans
at ' The Shiles ' [Shields] by Tynemouth Castle. He also relates how
he did ' recouer one Eellises (of Jarrowe in the Bishoppricke), not onely
from a spice of the palsie but also from the quarten. And afterwards
the same Belhses, more unnatural! than a viper, sought divers ways
to have murthered me : taking parte against me with my mortall
enemies ! '

The Rev. T. Stephens vicar of Horsley, has in his possession a book
purchased at the Phillips sale, 'An Alphabet of Arms,' by William
Stephens. It bears the book-plate of J. Trotter Brockett, and
this memorandum : ' This book was the property of Mr. William
Stephens of Gainford, and formerly resident at Cambridge, a capital
engraver. I bought it, amongst other books and prints, of his executors,
G. Allen' [of Darlington].

105

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1904. No. 14.

The ninety-first anniversary meeting of the Society was held in the
library of the castle, on Wednesday, the 27th January, 1904, at two
o'clock in the afternoon, His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, K.G.,
F.S.A., president, being in the chair.

Several accounts, recommended by the council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The following ordinary members were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. E. Brock-Hollinshead (Miss), 27 Nelson Street, Edinburgh,
ii. George V. B. Charlton, Grafton Underwood, Kettering.
iii. Robert Holmes Edleston, F.S.A., Gainford, Darlington,
iv. George H. Glendenning, 114 St. George's Terrace, Newcastle,
v. James McMillan, 2 Bishopton Street, Sunderland.
vi. Frederick George Skelly, Alnwick.

The following NEW BOOKS, &c., were placed upon the table :
Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From Mr. J. P. Gibson : Two permanent carbon photographs (each
24" by 18") of the pretorium at Housesteads and of the Roman
Wall at Cuddy's Crag.

From the Rev. E. J. Taylor, F.S.A., vicar of West Pelton : A scarce
sermon, the title page of which is: "The Holiness of Christian \
Churches : \ Set forth in a | SERMON | Preach'd September 4,
MDCCXIX AT THE | CONSECRATION I OF THE | NEW CHURCH
| AT I SUNDERLAND. \ By THOMAS MANGE Y, LL.D. \
Chaplain to the Right Reverend Father in GOD, JOHN Lord
Bishop of London. \ Published at the Request of the Audience. \
LONDON: \ Printed for W. and J. INNYS at the Prince's
Arms, | the West end of St. Paul's ; and F. HILDYABD, | Book-
seller in York. MDCCXIX. (Price 4d.)"

[Mr. Taylor in a note says that ' This sermon seems to have been
highly appreciated, for it was ordered that ' Wee ye Vestry and
Churchwardens doe all joyne in a letter to him, desiring him to
print ye Sermon, preached ye fifth inst., in this Church.' At a
subsequent meeting it is ' ordered that the Churchwardens pay Mr.
Guy Robson, or order the sum of eleven pounds and eighteen
shillings, being his bill due to him for wine sent to Dr. Mangey as a

106

present for his preaching the Consecration Sermon.' The book-
plate on the back of the title page, is my late father's, being his
arms quartering Weatherley of Newcastle and Northumberland.
Lord Crewe, bishop of Durham, made Dr. Mangey a prebendary of
Durham, for the flattering dedication to his sermon, which the
bishop had never read ']

From R. Blair (one of the secretaries) : A collection of newspaper
cuttings, mounted on folio paper, relating to the ' Railway Fever '
of 1845-46, collected by John Bell in 1846.
Exchanges :

From the British Arch. Association : The Journal, N.S., ix, iii, Dec.

1903; 8vo.
From the Royal Archaeological Institute : The Archaeological

Journal, vol. LX, No. 239 (2 ser., x. 2), Sep. 1903 ; 8vo.
From the Cambridge Antiquarian Society : List of Members, May 11,

1903, &c., 8vo.
From the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A. : Annual

Report for 1901, 8vo., cl.

From the Yorkshire Archaeological Society : The Yorkshire Arch-
aeological Journal, part 68 (xvn, iv), 8vo. Leeds, 1903.
From the Powys-land Club : Coll. Historical and Archaeol. relating to

Montgomeryshire and its borders, xxxin, i, (pt. LXIV, Dec. 1903).
From the Shropshire Archaeological and Nat. Hist. Society: Trans-
actions, 3 ser. in, iii ; 8vo.

Purchases Rev. E. A. Downam's plans of British Camps (12 original
drawings) [Wall Hill, Ledbury, and Offa's Dyke, Lyonshall,
Herefordshire ; Burfa Bank, Radnorsh. ; Tongo Castle, Stock-
bury, Thurnham Castle, Caesar's Camp (Folkestone), Tonbridge,
Canterbury Danejohn, and Binbury, Kent ; and Northolt,
Middlesex] ; The Scottish Historical Review, No. 2, Jan. 1904,
8vo. ; Mittheilungen of the Imp. German Archl. Inst., vol. xvin.
8vo. Rom, 1903 ; Notes and Queries, 9 ser. 309-312, 10 ser. 1-4 ;
The Reliquary for Jan. 1904 ; and The Antiquary for Dec. 1903,
and Jan. 1904.

Archaeologia Aeliana, part 61.

The editor placed on the table Archaeologia Aeliana, vol. xxv, part ii,
which is about ready for issue to members.

DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM.

From Messrs. Howe and Thornton (per Mr. J. S. Robson): An inscribed
stone, apparently part of a mantelpiece, taken out of an old house
in Newgate, Newcastle, adjoining the Empire theatre, recently
pulled down. The stone is 2ft. high by 16in. wide. On it is a
shield divided into four quarters, the letters RM, AM, IM, and the
year which is uncertain, being in the respective quarters. The
first illustration facing page 36 shews it.

[Mr. Welford said he believed the stone came from one of two houses
which belonged to the family of Mould, tailors in the Bigg Market,
near the entrance to St. John's lane. If that were so, the initials
might be those of Ralph Mould and members of his family ; the
will of one of them dated 1662, was quoted on page 159 of Arch.
Aeliana, xxiv (q.v.).]

From Mr. R. Blair (one of the secretaries) : (i) tho damaged group

of the mother-goddesses, from the Roman camp 4 at South Shields

(see Arch. Ael. x, 318) ; and (ii) a fragmentary Greek inscription

on marble, found in South Shields (see Proc. vi, 204). See page

, 107.

107

THE MOTHER GODDESS, FROM THE ROMAN CAMP AT SOUTH SHIELDS.

(See opposite page.)

GREEK INSCRIPTION, FROM SOUTH SHIELDS.

(See opposite page.)

108

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. E. Wooler of ^Darlington :

i. Two photographs of the upper stone of an Ancient British quern
of Shap granite found in the camp at Stanwick St. John, near
Darlington.

[Mr. Wooler notes 'that evidently a glacial boulder has been used. It is
15in. in diameter, 3|in. thick, and the pivot hole, worn very smooth
by rotating, is 2|in. in diameter. It is convex to the extent of
one inch. The stone has unfortunately got broken where/ it has
been drilled for the fixing of the turning handle. The quern must
have been worked by a man or a very powerful woman as the stone
is heavy. The grinding of corn during the Anglian period appears to
have been a domestic employment left entirely to women ; at any
rate, by the laws of Ethelbert, king of Kent, who ruled from 560
to 616, a particular fine of 12s. is imposed upon any man
who should corrupt the king's grinding maid. In Deuteronomy,
c. 24, v. 6, there is an injunction 'that no man shall take the
nether or upper millstone to pledge for he taketh a man's life to
pledge,' The late Mr. Backhouse of Shull Wolsingharn, found a
somewhat similar stone near the British camp at Hamsterley, but it
had never been used. It was an upper quern-stone, also made of
Shap granite, and the Briton, in holeing the stone at the centre for
the wood pivot, had worked from both sides, but as he had not set
his work out correctly, the two holes had missed, and the stone
had been thrown away. These glacial boulders of Shap granite
are found as far south as Doncaster. There is a very fine one in
Northgate, Darlington, kuown as ' Bulmer's Stone,' and as a^pro-
minent landmark, the Darlington Corporation is about to place an
inscription on it to the effect ' That this monolith of Shap granite
was, in prehistoric times, transported here from Westmorland by
a glacier. Flax was beaten on it when Darlington was famed for
its linen industry. Bulmer, the noted episcopal borough ; crier
(c. 1790), made proclamations from it.']

ii. A photograph of the lower half of an inscribed stone found in the
wall of the Skerne mill-race, Darlington, when it was demolished.
The stone is 16in. long, by 9in. wide, and bears the inscription
D'MINI, 1575, a mullet, pierced, a curious ornament, a cinquefoil,
and the letter B. It is thought to commemorate a member of the
Barnes family, one of whom became bishop of Durhamj and
others were borough bailiffs of Darlington in the 16 cent. (See
Longstaffe'sDarZwgrton, Ixxxii, and Hutchinson's Durham,p.^566.)
See the first illustration facing page 93.

By Mr. T. Taylor, F.S.A. : A small plain tankard, with reeded and
moulded border, flat reeded scroll handle. Inscription or} side
' The Gift of Geo : Cox to Tho : Bowser,' engraved with the coat
of arms of the Bowser family : [ ] a cross engrailed [ ] be-
tween 4 bougets [ ]. Dimensions : height 3fin., diameter at
mouth 3in. ; weight inscribed on bottom 6oz. 16dwts.

THE ROMAN CAMP AT PIERCEBRIDGE.

Mr. E. Wooler reported that a cist, made of stone slabs and con-
taining human bones, probably of the Roman period, had been dis-
covered at Piercebridge, and that from the same place he had obtained
three small copper Roman coins of Allectus, Valerian and Tetricus.

109

ANNUAL REPORT, &C.

Mr. R. Oliver Heslop (one of the secretaries) then read as follows, the
annual report of the council :

" With their ninety-first annual report your council record with
regret the death of no fewer than eleven members of the society in the
past year.

" The Right Hon. the Earl of Ravensworth succeeded his father
as President of our society in 1879, and continued in that office until
the press of other matters compelled him to resign in 1898. His genial
presence in the chair was, in former years, a welcome feature of our
annual meetings ; whilst his zeal for the society, and his interest in our
pursuits were at all times manifested. These characteristics were
particularly shown when it fell to his lot to represent our society on
special occasions ; thus, when the Royal Archaeological Institute
visited Newcastle, in 1884 he received its members on our behalf ; in the
following year he formally opened the Black Gate museum ; again, in
1886, he presided at the banquet served in this building to commemorate
the Pilgrimage of the Roman Wall then undertaken. The addresses
given at each of these gatherings were of more than passing interest, and
their scope and character were admirably suited to the occasions. In
the second of the addresses above referred to, that of 1885, reference
was made to the peculiar relation that had existed between his family
and the precincts of the Castle, and his lordship's words may be fittingly
recalled at this juncture : ' I have a certain interest in this castle,' he
said, ' not only as being a member of this society myself, but from the
fact that my ancestors were leaseholders of the Castle Garth for a great
number of years. In 1736,. my ancestor, Colonel Liddell, entered into
competition with no less a body than the municipality of this ancient
town ; they competed for the renewal of the lease, but he got the best

of it, and obtained the lease from the Crown. In 1756 the reversion

of this lease was again purchased by the first Lord Ravensworth, but in
1780 it was sold to Mr. Turner and in 1811 the Newcastle Corporation
regained the possession of the Castle Garth and its surroundings.' Our
late president was thus doubly related to our society ; first, by his regard
for the pursuits of our members, and further, in an attachment to this
place with its associations of an ancestral possession.

" The Rev. Anthony Johnson was elected to our membership in 1882.
His monographs on Bywell and Blanchland form valuable contributions
to the thirteenth and sixteenth volumes of Archaeologia, Aeliana. A
retiring disposition hardly disclosed his capabilities to those only known
to him by casual contact. But on the visits of our society to Bywell
and to Blanchland, where he acted as guide, his descriptions of the places
were of the greatest interest, revealing, as they did, stores of local and
general information and a reserve of erudition ; and these services were
rendered with a kindliness and geniality not to be forgotten. Mr. William
Glendenning was elected in 1878, and has thus been associated with us
for a quarter of a century. To the end of this long period he sustained
an observant interest in our proceedings and was a regular attender at
our out-door meetings. Mr. William Harris Robinson was an ardent
collector whose judgment and taste in matters of art were as conspicuous
as his urbane and quiet character was unobtrusive. In his speciality
as a numismatist his services were at the call of the investigator, and
were at all times willingly rendered ; from his election in 1882 until
illness prevented, he was constant in his attendance at our meetings,
where his kindly presence was always welcomed. Mr. Robert Yeoman
Green, elected 1883, an accomplished naturalist, was always greatly

110

interested in archaeology ; he combined a life-long intimacy with, and a
rare knowledge of, the history and antiquities of Newcastle, where liis
presence suggested a connecting link between our own and an older
generation of citizens whose pursuit of knowledge remains one of our
worthiest traditions. Mr. Walter Scott of Sunderland, was elected in
1888, and, although unable by distance to attend our monthly meetings,
took ^part in our country excursions ; he was throughout quietly and
observantly interested in our pursuits. Mr. George Skelly of Alnwick,
had been long and widely known as a glossarist and folk-lorist, although
his membership dated only from 1892 ; as a painstaking observer and
diligent recorder he enriched the local press from time to time with
copious notes on his particular studies. Mr. David Arundell Holds-
worth was elected in 1895, and showed a keen interest in the meetings
of the society. To an ardent pursuit of knowledge he added rare
powers of exposition, with the promise of useful capabilities in our
midst. To our deprivation is added the loss of an eager comrade. Mr.
Charles William Mitchell of Jesmond Towers, joined our membership
roll in succession to his father, and was elected in 1896. Circumstances
prevented an active participation in our gatherings here ; but although
a stranger to our meetings he was a cordial friend in all that related to
our proceedings. This was shown in a marked degree when our society
learned that the frontage of the Black Gate had been threatened with an
obstruction. At the call of your Council he gave his personal attendance
and lent his influence on our behalf, with helpful results in averting that
threatened misfortune. It was a happiness to be associated with a
colleague who had already won distinction in his high calling as an artist,
and whose services to his native city had unfolded plans of the brightest
promise. To ourselves, as to the community at large, his premature loss
is an irreparable deprivation ; and, besides, it is the loss of a rare person-
ality, for, as one of his friends has written, ' He was, in a word, of those
whom to know with any degree of intimacy is to love ; and he lives
in the memory as an abiding inspiration.' Mrs. Brock-Hollinshead of
Shap, late of Cheltenham, elected in 1896, as a distant resident was
debarred from attendance at our customary meetings; but as a student
of archaeology she took a lively interest in our publications, and was
constant in her exchange of books from our library.

" Whilst so many lapses fall to be thus enumerated at home, there yet
remains for us to record that of a great figure in the wider field of
continental archaeology. Professor Mommsen was elected an honorary
member in June, 1883, along with Dr. Emil Hiibner, whom he survived
by two years. The attachment of these two eminent names to our roll
of membership was a distinction to our society, and their removal
leaves us all the poorer. Of the veteran Mommsen' s services record has
already been made by our colleague, Mr. Haverfield.* It may be
mentioned, however, as exemplifying his enduring interest in our
concerns, that the inscription on the recently discovered Newcastle slab
was submitted to him, and his reading of it was received by Mr. Haver-
field only a few days before the death of the historian.

" In the past year the first part of the twenty-fifth volume of Archaeo-
logia Aeliana was issued. It consists of 159 pages, 135 of which are
devoted to papers by members. These include the important treatise
on ' Early Ordnance in Europe,' by our vice-president, Mr. R. Coltman
Clephan, F.S.A., with illustrations. Mr. William Brown contributes
' Local Muniments ' in a series of eighteen documents relating to the

* See Arch. Ael. xxv, 185.

Ill

two northern counties dating from the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries.
They are accompanied by illustrations of seals, descriptions of which are
given by Mr. W. H. St. John Hope. The third item is an unfinished
paper on ' Dagger Money,' by the late W. H. D. Longstaffe, communi-
cated by Mr. F. W. Dendy. The fourth consists of notes by Mr. Heslop,
one of the secretaries, on ' Structural Features of the Great Tower of
Newcastle.' The fifth contribution relates to the discovery by the Right
Rev. Bishop Hornby, of eighteen 'Ancient Deeds relating to Gunnerton,'
dating from the thirteenth to the seventeenth centuries and now printed.

" The first volume of the new the second series of Archaeologia
Aeliana is dated 1857 and with the completion of the twenty fifth volume
the resolution of the society to end the series will come into force ; and
the next ensuing volume will be the first of the third series.

" The original issue of our publications was demy quarto, measuring
1 1 by 9 inches, and continued thus in four successive volumes, bearing
the imprints of the years 1822, 1832, 1846 and 1855 respectively. It
may be remembered that copperplate and lithography were then in
vogue for illustrative purposes. At the annual meeting of 1856 a
resolution was adopted to print future publications in demy octavo,
and our second series, with its octavo page of eight and three-quarter
by five and three-quarter inches, has thus continued unaltered for the
past 46 years.

" In portability and appearance these last twoi.ty five volumes leave
nothing to be desired ; and, as far as typography i- concerned, the demy
octavo form might well be continued. But the alteration made of late
years in the method of illustration, by which the work of the wood
engraver is superseded by the process block, has rendered it desirable
to adopt a size of page that will admit a display of the modern method
to the greatest advantage. It is accordingly proposed to alter the
format of our volumes to a size measuring 'eight and three-quarter
inches high by seven inches wide. No change will thus be made in the
height of our volumes so that they will continue to appear on the shelf
in uniform range with the preceding series, whilst an increased width
of nearly an inch and a quarter will add considerably to the capacity
of the page for purposes of illustration.

" A further change, of which due notice has been given, will be sub-
mitted for your consideration at the present annual meeting. In place
of the issue half-yearly in covers, hitherto in practice, it is proposed to
send out a complete volume of Archaeologia Aeliana, bound in a suit-
able material, at midsummer in each year. As the alteration in form
and in manner of publication are both in response to a widely-urged
request your Council trusts that the changes may enhance the apprecia-
tion with which our publications are regarded.

" With the year 1903 began the first volume of the third series of our
Proceedings. One hundred and four pages of this publication have been
issued during the year besides a large portion of the index to the tenth
volume of the second series. Copious illustrations, many important
articles, and numerous records hitherto inedited, enhance the interest
attaching to these Proceedings. The printing of the Elsdon registers
brought down to 1813, with the index, has also been finished.

" In addition to the regular monthly meetings the society has held
out-door meetings in the summer, visiting severally the Roman camp
at CILURNUM with the line of the Wall to Limestone-bank ; Mitford and
Newminster ; and Ulgham, Widdrington and Chibburn. Detailed and
illustrated reports of these are given in our Proceedings.

112

" Two most valuable contributions to local history made in the past
year have been the work of members of our society.

"Our colleague Mr. George B. Hodgson, in The Borough of South Shield*
from the Earliest Period to the Close of the Nineteenth Century, has placed
the community under a debt of obligation. His work embraces an
amount of historical and statistical information that will prove a perfect
mine of facts and figures in itself. These illustrate in the most complete
manner the rise and progress of an important municipality and its
relation to the Port of Tyne. From an archaeological standpoint the
Roman, Anglian and medieval histories are summarized with con-
spicuous grasp of the subjects, whilst the literary qualities displayed
add to Mr. Hodgson's book an attraction of themselves. It is equally
fortunate that another local history has been undertaken by one who
combines the observation of a naturalist and the erudition of an antiquary
with a rare power of graphic delineation. In these qualities Mr. D. D.
Dixon has more than realized anticipation in the publication of his
Upper Coquetdale. A companion volume to the author's Vale of
Whittingham it adds another interesting section to the history, tradi-
tions and folk-lore of the romantic uplands of Northumberland and an
appreciation to the charm exercised by their scenery. When the new
County History of Northumberland in its progress overtakes these
areas Mr. Dixon' s pages will prove to be of the utmost value. Written
with a full knowledge of their abounding interests, the record partakes
of the freshness of the hills themselves. The qualities of Mr. Hodgson's
and Mr. Dixon' s volumes call for more than ordinary recognition and
congratulation for their respective authors.

"An interesting feature has been added to the collection of banners in
the Great Hall of the Castle by the presentation of a framed drawing,
executed and given by Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Blair. Each banner is
fully blazoned, its position on the wall being indicated, so that the
plate furnishes a key to the heraldry and may be said to add a final
item to the work.

" Whilst so much has been done in the past to elucidate the structure
and character of the Stationary Camps on the line of the Wall and else-
where it is in no small degree remarkable that discoveries in PONS
AELIUS itself have been so few and far between, and that even the exact
site of the station is still a matter of conjecture. It is therefore with
more than ordinary interest that the discoveries made on the site of the
Aelian bridge and in what appear to have been the precincts of the camp
call for notice. An altar and an inscribed slab, recovered from the debris
of the Roman structure in the river bed, furnish, in the one case, a dedi-
cation to Ocean by the sixth legion, an exact duplicate in design of the
Neptune altar from the same site already in our museum, and in the other
a commemoration of Antoninus by Julius Verus his imperial legate and
propretor. The association of Neptune and Ocean, thus personified,
present, not only a combination of great rarity, but is pointed out as of
significance in its relation to the conquest of Northern Britain. At
the same time the accompanying slab may yet prove to have added
greatly to our knowledge of the detail of Roman history. With these
was found the base of a third altar, the altar itself being yet wanting.

" The discoveries of a well-shaped sarcophagus in Hanover Square,
accompanied by a second and rough-hewn example near by, are not
only important for the sake of the objects themselves but for the indica-
tion they furnish of an adjacent highway. They thus afford the first
clue yet found to guide our investigations of the direction by which
the stationary camp called PONS AELIUS was reached from the northern
abutment of the bridge itself.

113

' ' It is, finally, a matter of congratulation to record that all these
objects have been placed in our museum in the permanent custody of
our society."

The curators' and treasurer's reports were also read. The treasurer's
balance sheet showed a balance of 71 6s. 9d. in favour of the society
at the beginning of 1903, and a total income for the year of 598 12s. 1 Id.,
and expenditure 522 12s. 8d., leaving a balance of income over ex-
penditure at the end of 1903 of 76 Os. 3d. The capital invested, with
dividends, was 100 Is. 6d. The receipts were : from subscriptions,
350 14s. Od. ; from Castle, 126 8s. 6d. ; from Blackgate museum,
28 12s. 2d. ; and from books sold, 21 11s. 6d. The printing cost:
Archaeologia, 111 17s. Od., Proceedings, 53 7s. 6d., and Elsdon
Register (balance), 21 11s. 6d. ; and the illustrations, 58 13s. Od. ;
Books bought cost, 33 14s. 2d. ; the Castle, 103 16s. 7d., and the
Blackgate, 32 12s. 3d.

Mr L. W. Adamson, LL.D., moved the adoption of the reports, which
Mr. T. Taylor, F.S.A., seconded.

The Noble President said ho would have had great pleasure in putting
the resolution, but for the fact that the report showed that their losses by
death during the year had been very great. Perhaps those present were
better acquainted with many of the deceased members than he was him-
self. But there was one he had known very well for a great number of
years, and to whom he could not help alluding. He referred to the late
Lord Ravensworth. He felt that the loss which the society had sus-
tained by Lord Ravens worth's death was shared by the whole of North-
umberland. There had never been a native of this county who more
thoroughly identified himself with all that interested the North, and no
one had brought more talent to bear upon the questions in which he
took an interest. Lord Ravensworth was, as stated in the report, very
intimately connected with the town of Newcastle, and no figure was more
familiar in its streets than his. But they claimed him, also, as a very
well known figure in the county. He combined qualities which were not
always found in combination the qualities of very great power of
application and very great culture in certain directions ; and at the same
time he showed thorough sympathy with all that made country life, to
many of them, so agreeable. He was an ardent sportsman, and a
thoroughly congenial and cordial companion. The report was a very
interesting one. It showed that the society had kept up its old tradi-
tions in leading the way in antiquarian and archaeological studies in this
country, and that it stimulated the pursuit of those sciences in others
whilst operating itself in regard thereto. There was one matter which
was not mentioned in the report, and which he hoped would not be
forgotten the pieservation of the county records. There were very
great difficulties in the way of securing the custody of those records,
which many of them thought was very desirable. If they came to him
as chairman of the County Council, and asked him to recommend
expenditure out of the county funds, he was afraid he would be one of
their strongest opponents. But, at the same time, he hoped something
might be done in the direction of securing and preserving the most
interesting of their public local records, and perhaps some of their
private tecords also, and placing them in some centre in the county,
where they would be accessible to those interested in consulting them,
and where they would be in perfectly safe custody. He trusted that
even if it could not be done at the present moment, the society would riot
lose sight of the matter, and would join in any action which might be
taken either in the way of further legislation or otherwise to secure what
he was sure was a very important object.

Ill

The report was adopted .

ELECTION OF COUNCIL, ETC.

The Noble Chairman then declared the following persons duly elected
to the respective offices in terms of Statute V. which sets forth * that if
the number of persons nominated for any office be the same as the
number to be elected, the person or persons nominated shall be deemed
elected, and shall be so declared by the chairman,' viz. :

President : His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, K.G., F.S. A.

12 Vice- Presidents : Horatio Alfred Adamson, Robert Richardson
Dees, the Rev. William Greenwell, D.C.L., F.S.A., &c., John Vessey
Gregory, Thomas Hodgkin, D.C.L., F.S.A., &c., Charles James
Spence, Richard Welford, M.A., Thomas Taylor, F.S.A., Lawrence
W. Adamson, LL.D., Frederick Walter Dendy, Robert Coltman
Clephan, F.S. A., and John Crawford Hodgson, F.S. A.

2 Secretaries : Robert Blair, F.S. A., and Richard Oliver Heslop, M.A.,
F.S. A.

Treasurer : Robert Sinclair Nisbet.

Editor : Robert Blair.

Librarian : Charles Henry Blair.

2 Curators : Charles James Spence and Richard Oliver Heslop.

2 Auditors : John Martin Winter and Herbert Maxwell Wood, B.A.

12 Council : Rev. Cuthbert Edward Adamson, M.A., Rev. Johnson
Baily, M.A., Parker Brewis, Sidney Story Carr, David Dippie Dixon,
John Pattison Gibson, George Irving, William Henry Knowles,
F.S. A., Joseph Oswald, Rev. Henry Edwin Savage, M.A., William
Weaver Tomlinson, and Rev. John Walker, M.A.

ALTEKATION OF STATUTE.

Mr. Richard Welford, V.P., moved, in terms of his notice given at the
November meeting, " that that portion of Statute X, which provides for
the issue to members of two illustrated parts of Archaeologia in the
months of January and June in each year, be rescinded ; and that
instead thereof the words ' a complete illustrated volume of Archaeo-
logia, bound in cloth or buckram, shall be issued to members in June of
each year.' "

The same having been seconded by Mr. R. C. Clephan, was carried
nem. con.

MISCELLANEA.

A short time ago a firm of ' monumental sculptors,' hailing from a
town in the south of Durham county, wrote thus to a country parson,
who as it happened is a vicar of a comparatively new church, and con-
sequently had neither an * old font ' nor ' old masonry ' under his charge :
' Rev. Sir, I am in want of an old Font, or any kind of old masonry
belonging to a church. I am prepared to give a good price for any-
thing suitable. I shall be glad to hear if you have, or know any one
having such.' It cannot be too often pointed out that parish ministers
have no right to part with the property of the parishioners, even though
the objects themselves cease to be of use. In one case quite recently
a fine cylindrical Norman font was turned out of a local church, to give
place to a sham Perpendicular one ; what has become of the former is
not known.

115

The following extract, referring to the ' committal ' of the ' Holy
Island Enclosure Bill,' is from the reports of the House of Commons of
20 April, 31 Geo. Ill [1791] :

* The other Order of the Day being read, for the Second Reading of the
Bill for dividing, allotting, and inclosing, a certain Stinted Pasture,
Common, or Tract of Waste Land, within the Manor and Parish of Holy
Island, in the County Palatine of Durham, and for extinguishing the
Right of Common upon the ancient Infield Lands within the said Island ;

Ordered, That the said Bill be now read a Second Time.

And the House being informed that Counsel attended ;

A Motion was made, and the Question being put, That the Counsel be
now called in ;

The House divided.

The Noes went forth.

Tellers for the Yeas, {g + White Ridley . } 12.

m n e xi TVT ("The Lord Fielding,} ,,
Tellers for the Noes, ( Mr Lambton . + } 47.

So it passed in the Negative.

Then the said Bill was read a Second Time.

Resolved, That the Bill be committed to Mr. Milbanke, Mr. Grey, &c. :
And they are to meet this Afternoon, at Five of the Clock, in the
Speaker's Chamber ; and all who come to the Committee are to have
Voices.'

The two documents of local interest following, have been kindly
communicated by Sir Henry A. Ogle, bart. ' The original of the first
is in Latin, the parchment being 14 Jin. high and 10in. wide. It is in
fine condition, except that one corner (low down) is torn off. The
whole is clearly and beautifully written' :

(i) L.F.C. OB CAMPBELL CHARTER III. 14.

I, Roger, son of Roger Bertram of Mitford, have given &c., for me
and my heirs for ever to Sir Peter de Montfort (Monte forti) & his heirs
or assigns for their homage and service the whole town of Glanteley with
the appurtenances by those divisions, to wit, from the head of the hedge
as the way leads from Felton, &c. [in detail] To have and to hold to the
said Peter and his heirs or assigns, or to whomsoever he willeth to give,
sell or in any way assign without contradiction, freely, quietly &
entirely with all liberties, &c., to the said town appertaining Yielding
yearly one penny at Overlozars on Saint Michael's day for all customs,
<fcc., and suits of my Court of Midford. The said Peter his heirs or
assigns and his tenants shall be quit of suit of my mill at Felton and
repairs of the millpond and hedges of my parks & of pannage, &c.
The said Peter his heirs or assigns may have & hold the said town of
Glanteley with all liberties, &c., as freely and quietly as I Roger Ber-
tram, or my ancestors, have at any time held the said town of the king
Saving nevertheless to me my liberty of free forest. Estovers of woods
at Felton also granted to build, burn, enclose, &c. Warranty against
all men as well Christians as Jews. Witnesses : Sirs Roger de Merlay,
Roger Bertram of Bothal ; William Hayrun then sheriff of Northum-
berland, cfcc. [Seal gone.]

(ii) DE BANCO (339), TRINITY, 18 EDW. III.

Joh'es fil' Gilb'ti de Oggill p Ric'm de Boltofi att' suu pet' v r sus Edam
que f uit uxor Joh'is Crag' de Novo Castro super Tynam unum mesuagium
cum p'tin' in villa Novi Castri sup' Tynam ut jus &c. quod Will's de
dedit Gilb'to de Oggill in liberum maritagium cum Alicia fil'

116

Nich'i Wyght et quod post mortem p r d'cor. Gilb'ti et Alicie p^fato Joh'i
fil' & heredi p r d'cor Gilb'ti & Alicie descender e debet per formam
donac'o'is p r d'ce &c. Et unde idem Joh'es dicit q'd p r d'cus Will's dedit
p r d'cm mesuagiii cum p'tin' p r d'co Gilb'to in lib'm maritagiu cum p r d'ca
Alicia p quod donu ijdem Gilb'tus & Alicia fuerunt inde seisiti in d'nico
suo ut de feodo & jure p formam &c. tempore pacis tempore E. Regis
patris d'ni Regis nunc capiendo inde explec' ad valenc' &c. Et de ipsis
Gilb'to & Alicia descend' jus p formam &c. isti Joh'i ut fil' & h'edi qui
nunc pet' Et quod &c. Et inde p'duc' sectam &c.

Et Eda p Joh'em de Matfen' att' suu ven' Et defend jus suum q'n &c.
Et dicit q'd p r d'es Joh'es nichil jur' clam' potest in p r d'co mes' p huius-
modi br'e &c., quia dicit q'd p r d'cs Will's non dedit p r d'cm mesuagiii
cum p'tin' pd'co Gilb'to in lib'm maritagiu cum p r d'ca Alicia prout ipse
sup'ius p b're suu suppon' Immo idem Will's dedit pd'cm mesuagiu
cum p'tin' p r d'co Gilb'to & h'edib. suis in feodo simplici Et hoc pet' q'd
inquirat r . p p'riam Et Joh' es similit' I's prec' est vie' q'd venire fac' hie
in octabis s'ci Martini xij, &c., p quos Et qui nee, &c., Ad recogn' &c.,
Quia tarn, &c.

The following local extracts are from the fourth volume of the
Catalogue of Ancient Deeds :

[Scotland] A. 6148. Counterpart indenture between Sir William More,
lord of Abrecorn, knight, of Scotland, and William del Strothre, mayor
of Newcastle upon Tyne, witnessing that the said William del Strothre
has sold to the said Sir William, for 450?. to be paid as specified, the
marriage of Mary, daughter and heiress of Sir William de Duglas, late
lord of Liddesdale, ( Voile de Ledalle) which the said William had of the
grant of Sir John de Bukyngham, attorney of the earl of March. New-
castle-on-Tyne, 20 January, A. D. 1359. French. Seal of arms (Strothre}.
See A. 6866. [p. 3]

[N'th'd] A. 6257. Release by William Elmeden, knight, late receiver
general of the King's castle and lordship of Bamburgh, to the King, of
296?. 9s. Id. due on his account from 15 November, 7 Henry V., to
Michaelmas, 8 Henry VI. 21 November, 21 Henry VI. Seal of arms,
broken, [p. 17]

[Surrey] A. 6489. Demise by William de Ayremynne, clerk, attorney
of Dame Eleanor, late the wife of Sir Henry de Percy, to Sir Hugh le
Despenser, earl of Winchester, in the name of the said Dame Eleanor, of
a meadow, pasture, fishery and rent, and of all other lands and tene-
ments which she held by way of dower in Lameheth. Westminster,
18 April, 16. Edward II. Seal. [p. 45.]

[N'thl'd] A. 6804. Grant by John Colt of Hertwayton, to Alan son
of Robert Scot of Westhertwayton, for 10?. of a toft in Esther twayton in
the north part of Stodfald, and part of the grantor's messuage for making
Alan's garden when he wishes ; also part of a croft, and land in the same
town, part on Hyndesyde, adjoining the stream from Blindewell, and part
adjoining Orred croft ; the said Alan and his heirs to grind their corn at
the mill of Hertwayton without giving multure, &c. Witnesses :
Robert de Camhou, Thomas de Fenwyk, Robert de Toggesden in
Westhertwayton, and others (named). Seal. [p. 84.]

[Scotland] A. 6866. Acquittance by William de le Strothir, mayor of
Newcastle upon Tyne, for 250Z. received by the hands of Sir William de
Calabre, chaplain, on behalf of his lord, Sir William More, knight, lord
of Abercorne, in part payment of 675 marks due by him on account
of the marriage of Mary de Dowglas. Last day of June, A.D. 1360.
Seal of arms. See A. 6148. [p. 91.]

*M H

5
n

33
>

117

PROCEEDINGS

or THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-TJPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1904. No. 15.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library of
the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 24th February, 1904, at seven
o'clock in the evening, Mr. R. C. Clephan, one of the vice-presidents,
being in the chair.

Several accounts, recommended by the Council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The following ORDINARY MEMBERS were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. John Hobart Armstrong, Broomley Grange, Stocksfield.
ii. Thomas Bailes, 2 Fenwick Terrace, Newcastle,
iii. Henry Soden Bird, 2 Linden Terrace, Gosforth, Newcastle,
iv. Albert H. Higginbottom, Simmondley, Adderstone Crescent,
Jesmond, Newcastle.

The following NEW BOOKS, etc., were placed on the table :
Exchanges :

From the Numismatic Soc. of London : The Numismatic Chronicle,
4 ser. vol. in, no. 12, 8vo.

From the Cambrian Archaeological Assoc. : Archaeologia Cambrensis,
6 ser. iv, i, 8vo. [Included in the part is an interesting account
of the excavation of a number of hut-circles in the important
British settlement of Tre'r Ceiri ; many objects of interest were
found in these hut-circles, in one of them a gold plated fibula
similar in design to, but smaller than, that found at Aesica, see
Arch. Ael. xvn, xxviii, and xxiv, 25.]

From the Historisch-Philosophischen Vereins zu Heidelberg : Neue
Heidelberger, xn, 2 ; 8vo.

Purchases : The Registers of Boughton-under-Blean, co. Kent ; Jahr-
buch of the Imp. Germ. Arch. Inst., xvm, iv ; The English
Dialect Dictionary, parts xxi-xxm and xxiv ; The Ancestor,
no. 8, Jan. 1904 ; Pewter Plate, by H. J. L. Masse, M.A. ; Notes
and Queries, nos. 5-8 (10 ser.) ; Mr. D. D. Dixon's Upper
Coquetdale ; and Der Obergermanisch-Raetische Limes der Roemer-
reiches, lief, xx (Kastell Marienfels und Kastell Gross- Krotzenburg. )
[An interesting account will be found, in the last-named publica-
tion, of the discovery of a temple of Mithras, near Kastell Gross-
Krotzenburg, a large slab depicting the sun-god killing the bull,
with the attendant figures. An altar also was exhumed. The
discoveries may be compared with the similar ones made at House-
steads, and recounted in the recently issued part of the Arch. Ael.,
xxv. See reproduction of the slab on the opposite page.]

118

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. T. J. Bell of Cleadon :

i. A fine bronze looped celt purchased by him at Darlington. It is
4fin. long, by If in. wide at mouth and 2in. at cutting edge. To
half way down from the mouth on each side are three parallel
lines. This example is probably from the same hoard as those
supposed to have been found at Stanwick, of which illustrations
are given on plate facing p. 360, vol. x, of these Proceedings.
(The first illustration on the plate facing this page shews it.)
ii. A first brass coin of Clodius Albinus [A.D. 193-197], from the site
of the old bridge across the Tyne at Newcastle (see pp. 50 & 72) ;
though worn the coin is in a bright untarnished condition. It
bears on the obverse the inscription [D CLOD] SEPT ALBIN CAES,
and bare head to left ; and on the reverse : FORT [REDVCI
cos n], Fortune seated to left, holding in her right hand a rudder
on a globe, in left hand a cornucopia, under the chair a wheel ;
in exergue s c.

By Mr. M. H. Hodgson of South Shields : A small brass coin of
Constans with reverse of two soldiers standing holding standards,
and the inscription GLORIA EXERCITVS.

By the Rev. A. McCullagh, St. Stephen's rectory, South Shields : An
amphora handle and a fragment of Samian ware with letters
D....VS in a circle, the remains of the potter's stamp; both
were found in St. Stephen's churchyard, South Shields.

By Mr. Maberly Phillips, F.S.A. : Photographs of four lidless
coffins found about 200 feet east of the Tower bridge southern
approach, and 20 feet south of Abbey Street, Bermondsey,
London, S.E. They were formed of blocks of chalk in which
were male skeletons in a good state of preservation. The burials
are supposed to date back to the eleventh century, and the
skeletons are probably the remains of abbots of Bermondsey
abbey. (See second illustration on plate facing this page of one
of them.)

By the Rev. Thomas Stephens, vicar of Horsley : An admittance
on parchment of 26 Oct. 1708, to Tynemouth manor. The
following is a copy of the document :

Cur vis. ffranc' pleg' cu' Cur' Baron' p r nobil' d'ni Caroli
ducis de Som'sett Marchion' et Comit' de Hartford
vicecomit' Beauchampe de Hache Baron' Seymour de
Trowbridge Cancellar' Academ' Cantabrig' p r nobil' Ordin' Garter'
mil' Equor' Magistr' Serenissimo Majestati et un' p r fect illustrissimi
Consilij et p r nobiP d'nse Elizabeth* ducissse de Somersett uxor ejus
Tent'apud Tynemouth p. Manerio p r d' die martis (viz.) vicesimo
sexto die Octobris Anno RRae dnse nrae Annse Magnae Britanniae
ffranc' et Hibniae &c. Septimo Annoq' Dni 1708 cora' Will's
Loraine Ar. deputat' Will'i Coles Ar. Senesc. ib'm.
Ad hanc Curiam Comp'tum est p' Homagiu' quod Joh'es Selbey
Obijt Sei't' de et in vno Libr' Burgag' sive Tenement' vel Cottag'
cu' le Garth scituat' jacen' et existen' in Tynemouth p r d Annual'
reddit' unius grani piperis et p ultima' voluntat' geren' dat' Decimo
Septimo die Decembr' Anno RRs Dni nri Will'i Tertij nunc Angl',
etc., Duodecimo Annoq' Dni Mill'imo Septingentesimo Dedit et
Devisavit Burgag' sive Cottag' et le Garth cu' p'tin' Cuid'm Mar-
garetae Selbey nup' de Novi Castr' sup' Tyna' vid' Hered' et assign'
suis imp'petuum' et sup' hoc in Ead'm Cur' venit p r d Margareta

119

Selbey et petit se Admitti inde Ten't'm cui qused'm Margaretae d'n's
p r d p' Senesc. suu' p r d concesser' inde Sei'nam H'end' et Tene' sibi
et Heredib' suis sub usual' redd' et servit' dno et Hered' suis et
fecit fidelitat' Solvit' p. Relevio suo et Admissus est inde Tenens.

Ex p. Fra. Anderson, Cl'ic. Cur'.
[Endorsed ' Margt. Selby 6s. 8d. & a pepp r Corne.'J

By Mr. H. A. Adamson, V.P., A Civil War letter of 17th December,
1642, relating to Newcastle.

[ Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following notes by Mr.
H. A. Adamson, V.P., on this letter:

' A Great Discovery of the Queens preparation in Holland, to
assist the King in England. Also, how Her Majesty hath sent
Her Standard, with the rest of her Regiments over to Newcastle,
As it was sent in a Letter from Rotterdam, Dated Decemb. 16,
atilo novo, 1 and directed to M. lohn Blackston, a Member of
the House of Commons.' This is the title of a letter which was
printed in London on Decemb, 17, 1642. The letter appears in the
Newcastle Reprints of Rare Tracts, printed by M. A. Richardson in
1843 and subsequent years (Historical I, No. 5). The editor suggested
that it should be read at a meeting of the members, and in compliance
with his wish it is now produced, so that it may may be printed in the
transactions of the society. The letter appeared during the period
covered by Gardiner's History of the Great Civil War, 1642-49, being
up to the execution of king Charles I on 30th January, 1649. The
queen of Charles I was Henrietta Maria, the youngest child of Henry IV
of France, who was married to the king in 1625, and being a Roman
Catholic refused to be crowned with him in Westminster abbey. The
Civil War broke out in August, 1642, when the king's standard was
raised at Nottingham. In February of that year the queen had gone
to Holland to raise money and men for the king. She was most active
in raising money to purchase arms, and in inducing officers and soldiers
of English birth to forsake the Dutch service for that of their native
prince. She met with many difficulties at the hands of parliament.
In October a vessel which she despatched was driven by stress of weather
into Yarmouth, where it was seized by order of parliament. Two ships
of war, the sole remains of the royal navy, which were intended to
escort across the North Sea a little fleet with munitions of war, were
surrendered to parliament by their own sailors. 3 The letter from
Rotterdam is dated Decemb. 16, and apparently on the same day it
was ordered by the Lords and Commons assembled in parliament that
it should be forthwith printed and published, and it was printed on the
following day, Decemb. 17, 1642. These dates are explained by the
fact that in Holland the new style had been adopted, but it had not been
in England, so that time was 10 days later but for the change in style
the letter from Holland would have been dated the 6th December. The
writer of the letter concealed his name. The letter is addressed to
Mr. John Blackstone, who was one of the representatives of Newcastle,
and was present at the king's trial when sentence of death was pro-
nounced. He was also one of the 59 persons who signed the warrant
for the execution of the king. He died in June, 1649. (See Welford's
Men of Mark, vol. 1, p. 334). In the letter are mentioned the follow-

i Stilo Novo. This style was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII. in 1582. In the
same year it was adopted in Holland and other continental Countries, but was not
adopted in England until 1751. At fiist the difference in time was 10 days, afterwards
it was 11 days, and since 1800 it has been 1? days.

2 Gardiner's Great Civil War, vol. 1, p. 42.

120

ing names : M. Knolls, ' that Arch R. Capt. Archibald,' Colonel Goring,
M. Crofts, Mr. Slingsby, Capt. Bret, and Capt. Mackworth. When
Fairfax had 1,400 prisoners to discharge, Colonel Goring, who was
among them, is spoken of as the double Traitor Goring. He
was lord general of the king's horse a royalist partisan who
betrayed the army plot to Pym. In the Letters of Queen Henrietta
Maria, edited by Mary A. E. Green, and published in 1857,
Slingsby is mentioned. It is probable he was Sir Henry Slingsby
of Scriven, in the county of York, who represented Knaresborough
in the Long Parliament, and followed the king to York. He fought
at Marston Moor, Naseby, and in other battles, in the royalist ranks,
In 1656 he entered into negotiations with officers of the garrison
of Hull for surrendering it to the royalists. He was tried and
sentenced to be beheaded. His execution took place 8th June, 1658.
Whether the queen was able to send off to Newcastle the 400 officers
and old soldiers and 400 horse mentioned in the letter, and the
160,OOOZ. sterling I do not know. There is no mention of the
circumstance in her letters. 3 On the 2nd February following
she set sail in person for the Yorkshire coast. Arms as occasion
served she had despatched to the army in Newcastle from time to
time, together with a large sum of money obtained by selling or
pawning jewels, a sum which contemporary rumour, with probable
exaggeration, reckoned at 2,000,000. This time, however, a fierce
storm swept over the North Sea, and for nine days the queen, with her
precious cargo, lay tossing on the waves. She never lost the high spirits
which accompanied her in every position in which she was placed, and
she laughed heartily as her attendant ladies were driven by the
howling of the wind and the creaking of the timbers, to shout out, in
confession to her chaplain, a catalogue of sins which was never meant
to reach the ears of their mistress. ' Comfort yourselves, my dears,'
she said, in unconscious imitation of the Red King, ' Queens of England
are never drowned.' She landed at Bridlington and met Charles at
Edgehill. On the 3rd of April in the next year they separated at
Abingdon, never to meet again. At Exeter on the 16th June she gare
birth to a daughter, and a fortnight later she had to fly to France to
escape the merciless treatment of the parliamentarians. She visited
England twice after the Restoration, and died 31st August, 1669, in
Paris.

The following is a reprint of the letter ; a reproduction of the title
page is given on the opposite page :

Worthy Sir,

My last unto you was of the twelfth present, which I sent by Ship ;
and fearing least that may be long before it come to your hands, I
thought fit to write unto you now by Post ; and it is to advise you
that there come hither frequently good and lusty ships from New-
castle, which are sent hither by the Merchants of that Town, for the
service of the Queen : And there is continuall transportation of
great store of Men, Money, and Ammunition, over in them. There
came hither about 14 daies since M. Knolls, and that arch R. Capt.
Archibald, who is very diligent and notorious in his service, for the
betraying of his Countrey, and for that hath of late had that honour
conferred upon him to be made a Captaine, and is about three daies
since gon from hence with his ship laden with Men, Money and
Ammunition for Newcastle. I heare that M. Knolls brought over

Gardiner's Great Civil War, Vol. 1, p. 108.

A GREAT

jDISCOVERY

OF THE

J Q u B E N s preparation in Holland, k

to aflift the KING in Englwd. ?

g Alfo, how Her 'Majefty hath fent Her
dard, with the reft of>her Regiments over

< As it was fent in a Letter from "Rot- f*

* f erdatfy Da ted Decewb. 1 6 .ft do novo^z n d *
dirt fted to M. lokn vLckfton a Member of >

the Houfc ot ' Common r .

Dte Veileris ! 6 Decemb. 1 642 .
/^NRWererf ^y ffce L(?r^ and Commons a^nt'^^
\^Jbkd in Parliament ; thafthis Letter flail be I*
5 forthwith printed and publijlect. ^

I.Brown Cler.Parliamentorum.

LONDON,

Printed for J^Wright in the Old-bay ly,
Decemb.ij. 1642.

122

Letters from his Majesty, that hath been the occasion of the Queens
stay here, which all that be well affected are very sorry for ; who
had rather she were elsewhere. Upon the receipt of which Letters
from His Majesty, I heare that the Queen the next day sent M.
Jermin to the States Generall, to acquaint them therewith, and that
His Majesty advised the Queen to stay here for some time longer ;
and that, because His Majesty was upon a treaty of Accommoda-
tion, and doubted not but that in short time he should make all
hings well ; and that, therefore, the Queen gave the thanks for
those ships that had a long time waited upon her service, and
desired that they might now be discharged, which was done ac-
cordingly ; yet notwithstanding Her Majesties Agents labour here
exceedingly in sending away Men, Money, Horse and Ammunition
unto Newcastle for the advancing of Her Majesties Army in those
parts. Upon thursday last T was at the Hague, and there saw
Her Majesties Standard, which was just then going away, to be
sent to Newcastle ; and yesterday was seven night, T heard that
Colonel Goring and M. Crofts, and M. Slingsby, and Capt. Bret, and
Capt. Mackworth, and divers other Cavaliers went to Amsterdam,
to take ship there, to go for England with all speed, and it is thought
Tor Newcastle ; and that Col. Goring is to be Lord General of the
King's Horse. I heare likewise that there is more going away from
thence to Newcastle, 400 Officers and old Souldiers, and 400 Horse,
and 1,000 more are to follow, which are Her Majesties Regiment,
and should have been a guard to Her person if she had gon on. The
Prince of Orange I heare suffers all his Officers to goe, that will,
onely under this colour, that as many as goe hence, shall be con-
strained ; although he can give them greater honour as he pleaseth,
and they expect, for so good service, if they do return. It is very
credibly reported here, that there is now sending away with all
speed to Newcastle 1 60,000 pouud sterling, which I am very credibly
informed by some Dutch men, is by way of loane raised by the
Papists in these parts (which are not few) for the Queen. And
that the Prince of Orange is engaged for the payment of it, which
are most horrible things. Therefore I can do no lesse in conscience
to God and his cause, and in duty and love unto the Kingdom and
Parliament, (hearing and seeing these things), then give you notice
of it, who are a member of that Honorable House, which I
shall desire you (if you shall think fit) to Communicate unto the
House ; but shall intreat you to doe me the like favour you have
done, in concealing of my name. Thus desiring the Lord to bo
with you, and to blesse and prosper your proceedings, and the
whole House, with the tender of my service, and best respects unto
you, I humbly take my leave, and rest

Yours, to love and serve you in the Lord.

There are two Newcastle Ships here, ready to go with the first faire
Wind, laden as is before mentioned ; and also three great fDuteh
Hoyes laden with f Field-pieces and carriages, and many Holland
Waggons, which are made strong and large, and covered over head,
such as usually attend the leaguer.

To his much Honoured friend, JOHN BLACKSTONE Esquire, a
Member of the House of Commons in the Honourable House of
Parliament, present these.

FINIS.' "
Thanks were voted for these exhibits and notes.

123

ANCIENT PIERCEBRIDGE

Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following paper by Mr. E.
Wooler of Darlington :

" Pierce bridge is said by some old writers to be the Roman MAGIS,
which was garrisoned by the Pacenses of Lusitania the ancient
name of Portugal, and some adjacent territory. Some 233 yards to
the east of the station the Roman military way entered the county
palatine of Durham from CATARACTONIUM (Catteriek) and passed
.on to VINO VIA (Binchester). The station contained lOf acres within
its walls, being 610 feet wide and 765 feet in length an unusually large
size for a Roman station. Possibly this was due to the existence of
the large British camp at Stanwick^ with which I deal somewhat fully
hereafter. The Roman camp was erected on a neck of land formed by
the junction of two streams forming Carl bury beck which flowed from
the north west into the river Tees and divided the townships of Pierce-
bridge and Carlbury. This stream undoubtedly supplied the garrison
and the fosse of the fortress with water, as well as a bath which was 180
feet from the east rampart and 225 from the south rampart. In 1730
an aqueduct a yard wide and a yard and a quarter deep was discovered
on the road adjoining Carlbury beck. Tho Roman road did not pass
through the station but in very dry weather it is said its track
may bo seen across the field known as the 'Tofts.' The enclosure
of the station is still distinctly visible, the north-west corner being
almost perfect and the fosse easily traceable. A part of the west wall
remained until the year 1822 when it was demolished by the
occupant, Mr. James O'Callaghan, M.P. for Winchelsea. Tho farm is
now in the occupation of Mr. Pierson Cathrick. The stones, many of
which were of large size and oblong in shape were used in the erection of
the farm buildings, with the exception of a few which retained fragments
of inscriptions. I have repeatedly endeavoured to find out what became
of these, but unfortunately without result 4

Crossing the Tees was a Roman bridge which was in the direct line
of the road, and was not diverted, as it now is, through the village, but
wont straight on over what was until quite recently Carlbury mill-dam,
This bridge is said to have been constructed of stone piers with, in all
probability, a wooden platform like the Roman bridge at CILURNU?.! so
as to be easily demolished in case of danger. Prior to the great flood
of the 16th and 17th November, 1771 which by the way, rose to a
height of 20 feet the foundations of the Roman bridge were visible,
but they were torn up and washed away on that memorable occasion.
Last summer Mr. W. W. Tomlinson and myself made diligent search
for Roman stones in the dam, but were unable to find any. This phenom-
enal flood carried away practically all the bridges across the Tyne, the
Wear, and the Tees. The bridge at Piercebridge was carried away by
this flood and appears to have remained down from 1771 to 1798,
because I find, on searching the records in the office of the clerk of the
peace for the North Riding, that on the llth July, 1797, the justices of
that riding ordered that the inhabitants of Durham county be
indicted for the non-repair of the Durham portion of the bridge at the
ensuing assizes, and on the 12th January, 1 79^, the North Riding justices
ordered the treasurer of the riding to pay the clerk of the peace 35 for
attending at Durham assizes for the purpose of indicting the inhabitants
of Durham. Shortly afterwards there was a payment of 1300Z. ordered

* Those interested in Roman stations in England should read Mr. Bosanquet's de-
scription of Housesteads in the recently issued part of the Arch. Aeliana (xxv, ii).

124

to be made for restoring the Yorkshire half of the bridge. Unfortun-
ately the Durham records are not indexed, but I find that at the
Durham quarter sessions on the 4th October, 1797, there is the following
minute respecting Piercebridge, ' Ordeied that this bridge, so much as
belongs to the County of Durham, be widened and repaired conformable
to the plan drawn by Mr Eldon, Surveyor, and in conformity with the
part to be repaired by the North Riding of the County of York.'

In descending the hill, on the
south side of the river, on the mili-
tary way towards Piercebridge, at
the point where the road branches
off to Cliffe hall, a Roman memorial
stone was found in 1844 recording

AVRELIA FADII.LA CONJVGI FAC1EN-

DVM CVBAVIT, i.e. fAurelia Fadilla
took care that this stone should be
erected in memory of her deceased
husband. 5 The person to" whom the
stone was erected was no doubt a
Roman soldier, in all probability a
general officer. The Roman places
for burial were either private or
public, the private in fields or gar-
dens, usually near the highway to
be conspicuous and to remind those
who passed of mortality, hence the
frequent inscriptions, Siste viator,
Aspice viator, etc.

At Piercebridge from time to time
large numbers of Roman coins have
been found, and as recently as last
year (1903) Mr. Priestman Gordon,
whilst digging in his garden near
the present bridge, and on the site
of the chantry chapel, hereafter
referred to, turned up a couple of
Roman coins in excellent preserva-
tion. One of the coins was of copper
and of Tetricus the elder ; the other
was a denarius and bore on the
obverse the inscription c VALENS
HOST MES QVINTVS N c, and on
the reverse PIETAS AVGVS(TORUM).
Shortly after this there came into
my possession, very fortuitously,
fourteen other coins which had been dug up at Piercebridge, and which,
commencing at or about A.D. 55, ended about A.D. 251. The first was
a copper coin of Nero, with a characteristic profile of that emperor
turned to the right on the obverse, and on the reverse the figure of Ceres.
Other coins were of Domitian, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus
Aurelius and Septimius Severus, and were, on the whole, in a remark-
ably good state of preservation. This month (January, 1904) I have
acquired three other copper coins, which were turned up in one of the
allotment gardens between Carlbury beck and Piercebridge railway

5 See second illustration on plate facing p. 117.

FIGUKE OF MEKCUKY (See

125

station. The first is a copper coin of Tetricus the elder (267-273), the
second of Valerian (253-263), and the third of Allectus ; this is of special
interest as it was struck in London between A.D. 293 and 296.

To revert for a moment to the subject of the coins found, I may
mention that on the 6th April, 1853, a beautiful gold coin was unearthed
bearing on the obverse the inscription^iMP TBAIANO AVG GEB DAC P M
TB P, and on the reverse cos v PP s P Q B OPTIMO PBINC

Numerous
pieces of Sa-
mian ware, with
its beautiful
glaze, have been
found at Fierce-
bridge, as well
as plain ware of
an earlier date.
Some little time
ago I exhibited
to the society a
small vase of
the latter class
of ware, which
is of very good
design. The an-
nexed illustra-
tion shews it.
A small bronze
statue of Mer-
cury of elegant
workmanship,
reproduced on
p. 124 from an

engraving in Archaeologia (ix, 289), was discovered at Piercebridge
about the year 1788 ; in its present condition it measures 4J inches in
length ; it was originally something longer, but the feet with the
pedestal on which it stood and the caduceus are unfortunately missing.
Cade, who had the figure in his possession in December of that year,
was inclined to think it belonged to some temple dedicated to the
god Mercury.

An altar was found at Piercebridge inscribed D.M CONDATI ATTONIVS

QVINTIANVS MEN EX CO IMP EX IVSSO LIBENS LAETVS ANIMO.

Attonius Quintianus, the name of the person who erected the altar, was
a mensor or measurer.

The neighbourhood has yielded seven or eight other inscribed or
sculptured stones which belong to the station, and among them the
following: the first three, found in 1864, were presented to the Durham
cathedral library in 1896 by the kindness of the vicar of Gainford (the
Rev. A. W. Headlam) and of the churchwardens.

1. An altar cut into a semi-circular shape for use in the Early English
pier of the chancel arch of the church of Gainford ; its diameter is 32
inches. On the right side the only one preserved is an eagle. The
inscription informs us that Julius Valentinus erected this altar to
Jupiter Dolichenus by command of the deity. The last line is very
obscure ; none of the suggestions hitherto made fits the traces of let-
tering. 6 The woodcut on p. 126 represents it.

9 See Lapid. Sept. No. 728.

126

2. A fragment, 8| inches high
13 inches long, inscribed to
the sixth Legion named the
Victorious. This legion, station-
ed at York, was apparently
employed in building or restoring
the station at Piercebridge, and
this stone is a relic of its
presence. 7

3. A fragment of (probably) a funeral relief, 12" by 17" and 8" thick,
representing a man holding in his right hand a rabbit (?) by its hind
legs. Over his right shoulder is something like a horse's head. The
left side is broken. An illustration of this is given on p. 7 of the
Catalogue of Sculptured and Inscribed Stones in the Cathedral Library,
Durham.

v See Lapid. Sept. No. 729.

127

. Tofts
ch

Piercebridge ^a\V

PLAN OF PIERCEBRIDGE, SHEWING SITE OF ROMAN CAMP.

128

4. This inscription, 2' 6" long by 1' wide, is nowjm the Blackgate
museum, Newcastle : 8

Still another remarkable find was made at the end of December, 1903,
by Mr. Pierson Cathrick of Piercebridge, who, while cutting a
drain, came across a coffin evidently of great antiquity. The coffin
was discovered about 100 yards due west of the west gate of the Roman
station. It was formed of slabs of stone. On removing the cover the
remains of a man were exposed, probably of one of the garrison
at the Roman station of Piercebridge. The greater portion of the
skeleton was exceedingly friable, but some parts, especially the
skull and thigh bone, were in a good state of preservation owing
to water containing iron having percolated through the cover of
the coffin and acted as a preservative. The thigh bone measures
18 inches in length, showing that the man must have been
6 feet high. The skull was 21 inches in circumference and 7 inches
long, and showed a low frontal development, indicating that the man
was not of very high intelligence. The extreme breadth was 5 inches,
vertical height 5| inches, minimum frontal width 3f inches, maximum
frontal width 4|, and the maximum occipital width 4 inches. From
the appearance of the thigh bone, too, it would seem that he was not an
exceptionally muscular man. The coffin was composed of roughly-
hewn slabs, some of which were of red sandstone, and appear to have
been obtained at Croft. It may be of interest if I mention that at
intervals several rough stone coffins have been seen projecting from the
north bank of the river Tees, as the earth was washed away by the
action of the water.

In the year 1818 a massive thumb ring of pure gold was found which
weighed 182 grains, and which, until comparatively recently, was in the
possession of the late duke of Cleveland. At my request Lord Barnard,
the duke's successor, has kindly made enquiries as to the present
whereabouts of this ring, but unfortunately it cannot be traced.
The hoop of this ring was wrought by the hammer and was joined by
welding the extremities. To it was affixed an oval facet which was
engraved in intaglio ; the device, though somewhat defaced, being of
two human heads male and female -facing each other. This is not
the only example of the kind found in England, for the same subject
appears on a ring of the Roman period found on Stainmore common in
1781, and mentioned in Gough's Camden, p. 120, and also on a red
jasper intaglio from the camp at South Shields, now in the possession of
Mr. Blair. 9 The same idea occurs in medieval seals, the heads being

fi See Lapid. Sept, No. 726.
9 See Arch. Ael X, 266.

139

usually accompanied by the motto * Love me andyi thee.' And
Galeotti, in his curious illustrations of the Gemmae Antiquae Litteratae,
in the collection of Ficoroni gives an intaglio engraved with the
words ' Amo te ama me.'

It is extremely interesting to speculate why the Roman road ran in
the direction it did, and why the stations at Catterick and Piercebridge
were formed. I have no doubt in my mind that the road was originally
made for the purpose of attacking the Brigantes in the huge British
camp at Stanwick. This camp, which comprises within its enclosure
750 acres, is well worthy of a visit by the members of the society. The
ramparts are in places in a splendid state of preservation, being no less
than 15 feet high in some parts. In speculating why the Brigantes
entrenched themselves here, I have come to the conclusion that they did
so on account of the proximity of the copper mines at Melsonby and the
neighbourhood mines which were worked until a comparatively recent
period copper being essential to the manufacture of their bronze tools
and weapons. The tin necessary for the alloy would probably be
brought from Cornwall. Many years ago Algernon, duke of Northum-
berland presented to the British Museum a number of most interesting
relics of Celtic date found within these entrenchments. They consisted
of bronze ornaments, of horse furniture, bits, ornamented rings of
various sizes, a long iron sword in a bronze sheath curiously ornamented,
portions of iron chain mail, handles, and cross-guards of daggers, some
fragments of gold, and objects both of light-coloured mixed metal and
bronze hammered up, some of them representing horses heads. Some
of these curious remains exhibit traces of enamelled work. At a spot
adjacent to that where these articles were found, large iron hoops
conjectured to have been the tires of chariot wheels, have been dis-
covered. From the camp at Stanwick ran the ' Scots Dyke,' a stupen-
dous work which it is believed was carried out in a vain attempt to repel
the Roman invasion. This Ancient British rampart enters Northumber-
land a little to the west of Peel Fell and runs the whole length of that
county. It is supposed to have extended through Durham to the south
of Yorkshire, but there are, beyond all doubt, traces of it now existing
as far as the Swale, half a mile south of Richmond. Next to the
Roman Wall I regard the locality of Stanwick as probably the most
interesting to antiquaries in Britain on account of the unparalleled size
and comparatively perfect condition of the camp at the present day.

Reverting to the Roman road it is most interesting to trace another
portion which branched off to the south of the Stanwick camp, and
passing from ' Scotch Corner ' proceeded to Carlisle, another Roman
station being formed at Gretabridge, near Barnardcastle. It would
appear as though the Romans had attacked the Brigantes at two points,
the east, and the south which caused this road to be made to Carlisle.
The Brigantes were probably allowed to remain in this camp at Stan-
wick because it is recorded that they rose in insurrection. The stations
at Piercebridge, Catterick, and Gretabridge, were evidently formed
to overawe and keep them in subjection. Dr. Hooppell had a theory
that the Romans advanced northwards by Middleton St. George and
Sadberge, but I do not think this can be correct, because the Romans
would not be likely to press forward and leave such a large and formid-
able entrenched camp as that of Stanwick in their rear. I think the
fact that the camp was early British is placed beyond doubt by the
numerous finds which have been made there (some of which I have
previously described in these proceedings) such as bronze celts, and a
quern, and the gifts of the duke of Northumberland to the British

130

Museum. In Cliffe park, near Piercebridge, are two barrows which
undoubtedly belong to the bronze age, and I think it is more than
probable that some of the Britons from the Stanwick camp were
interred there. At the beginning of this year Mr. Murrough Wilson, the
lord of the manor of Manfield, partially opened one of these barrows, and
the fact that a quantity of charcoal was found near the base of the
tumulus and running into an evidently artificial deposit of sand in a hole
in the earth below the natural level of the surrounding land would
indicate that the chieftain's remains had been cremated. At the time of
writing this paper (February 12th) the investigations had not been
completed.

To return to the Roman Station at Piercebridge I think it highly
probable that there was a temple at the south-east corner of the station,
and that on its site in later times was erected a chantry chapel.
However that may be, I find that John Baliol. father of John Baliol,
king of Scotland, and a descendant of the daughter of David, earl of
Huntingdon, a brother of William the Lion, was a most powerful baron
in the north of England in the thirteenth century. His family founded
the chantry chapel adjoining the bridge at Piercebridge. He charged
the lands at Piercebridge with corn rents, which are still collected by
my firm. The priests were in the habit of praying for travellers and
receiving gifts. At the dissolution of monasteries the chantry rent was
purchased by Morris & Phillips of London, and sold by them to Viscount
Campden, who presented the rents to the living of Whitwell, in Rutland.
This chantry chapel is mentioned in 1315 on an inquisition of the
property of Guy earl of Warwick. In an inquisition taken on the for-
feiture of Thomas, earl of Warwick, in 1397, mention is also made of the
advowson of the church at Piercebridge ; and in another inquisition it is
described as the free chapel of Piercebridge. A survey was made in the
second year of the reign of Edward VI. which described the chantry as
having been granted for the tenure of the life of the incumbent Peter
Carter of the age of 50 years. The yearly value was then 104s. 4d There
was no plate, but there was one chalice of silver weighing 5 ounces.
Neither was there any lead, but there was one bell weighing by esti-
mation 161bs. The commissioners on that occasion were Sir Thomas
Hylton and Sir Robert Brandling, knights, and Robert Morrell and
Henry White. All that is left of this chantry chapel is the south door-
way, shewn in the first illustration on the plate facing this page.

This paper would not, I think, be complete, without mentioning that
on the 1st December, 1642, the earl of Newcastle, being upon his march
from Newcastle to York, with a considerable royalist army, met, when
he had advanced as far as Piercebridge, a party of lord Fairfax's horse,
commanded by captain Hotham. The latter disputed the passage of
the Tees with the earl for several hours, having but two small pieces of
ordnance with them. The earl of Newcastle finally overpowered lord
Fairfax's forces with great carnage, whereupon captain Hotham and the
force with him retreated towards lord Fairfax's head- quarters at Tad-
caster. In this engagement colonel Sir Thomas Howard (youngest son
of lord William Howard), and several other gentlemen under the
command of the earl of Newcastle, were slain. There is a monument to
Sir Thomas Howard of Tursdale, county palatine, knight, the seventh
son of ' Belted Will,' in Wetheral churchyard, Cumberland. On it is
the inscription ' Sacred to the memory of Colonel Thomas Howard, son
of Lord William Howard, who died valiantly fighting in the cause of his
king and country at Piercebridge, December 2nd, 1642.' Colonel
Thomas Howard was buried at High Coniscliffe, in which parish the
family had extensive estates until quite recently. In the register of

Proc. Sac. Antiq. Newc.
3 Ser. I.

To face pajje 130.

CROSS AT Cl.IHFE HALL. See page 131

SOUTH DOOR OF CHANTRY CHAPEL, PIERCEBRIOGE. See opposite page.

131

burials at High Coniscliffe I find the foilowing entry, 'Sir Thomas
Howard collenoll buried aet 36 the 2nd of Dscember 1642.' The earl of
Newcastle marched towards York, and had his commission enlarged,
in consequence of this achievement, to commander-in-chief in Yorkshire
and other southern counties, as well as in the rest of the northern
counties. In this engagement the royalists erected a battery on
Carlbury hill, and the parliamentarians placed theirs on the opposite
bank of the river. Cannon balls, human bones, and even entire skeletons,
have occasionally been found on the banks of the river overhanging the
road near the scene of the action. In Cliffe woods close to the bridge
there is an earthwork which appears to have been erected to defend the
passage of the bridge. There is also an old and curious cross on the
west of the carriage drive leading to Cliffe hall, but I have not been able
to make out what it is. 10 It may mark the burial place of some of the
cavaliers or roundheads engaged in the action. Piercebridge is in the
parish of Gainford, and on the road to Gainford there used to be a
cross which gave the name to a farm called ' White Cross.' Upon this
cross it was the custom to rest the coffin of any deceased person when
being taken to Gainford for interment. The cross, however has long
since disappeared, and though I have made most diligent search for it
I have met with no success.

In conclusion may I say that I have been extremely anxious to
collect all the information available relating to Piercebridge, and if any
of tho members of the society can assist me to increase my knowledge
of this most interesting locality I shall indeed be very grateful."

Thanks were voted to Mr. Wooler.

NOTE ON A ROMAN ROAD NORTH OF BERWICK.

Mr. Hugh W. Young, F.S.A. Scot., writes thus:

" I would like to call the attention of your Society at Newcastle to a
road between Eyemouth and Coldingham, a good section being on the
farm of Halydown. I believe it runs pretty close to the sea on the top of
the cliffs, and is still used to the extent of being a right of way. The
present owner of the farm writes me as follows : ' The former proprietor
of Halydown, an Edinburgh advocate with antiquarian tastes, always
regarded the road in question as being of Roman construction, but the
only way to settle the matter is to dig.' I might here offer the opinion
that this is a continuation north of Berwick-on-Tweed, of the east branch
of the Watling Street, which we know ran to Berwick ; and this may be
the continuation of the same to its terminus at Inveresk where the
well-known ' Fishwives Causey ' carried it farther along on the way
to Cramond."

BRANDON CHAPEL, NORTHUMBERLAND.

Mr. Blair read the following note by Mr. Algernon Gissing of Keswick,
Cumberland :

" The plan on the other side has been made by Mr. J. S. Anderson,
schoolmaster at Branton, who professes no antiquarian or ecclesio-
logical knowledge, but who has most kindly taken a good deal of
trouble in watching the excavations. He writes ' I herewith send you
the plan of the chapel, so far as the foundations now laid bare assist me.
There are some things in the east end not easy for me to understand. I
mentioned in my former letter that the thickness of the walls slightly
varied from 27in. to 30in. It is almost impossible for me to be exact in
that respect in plan, so I have made them uniformly 27in., except the

10 See second illustration on plate facing p. 130.

132

buttress and some walls in the east end. There is only one stone up to
the present which has any pretensions to carving which I am sketching.
No flooring has yet appeared, but they have as yet dug very little inside
the walls. From the doorway there are three steps visible, leading
down probably, I think, to vaults. I have seen similar ones in other old
churches. The two places at the east end rather baffle me. There
seems to be a wall right across the first, and a step in the centre. There
seems to have been an arch just before this, or they may have been
pillars. I should think there has been no wall between the east end
places, as there are just some stones in the centre, favouring the idea of
arches. The labourers have been again stopped more than a week, but
I believe they are to contimie shortly.

PLA N Of CHAPEL
BRA/MDON

The following is the number of burials entered in Eglingham parish
register as made at Brandon chapel :

1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689

4
6
4
9
11
8
1
6
5
3

1690
1692
1693
1694
1695
1697
1698
1699
1700
1702
1711

Thanks were voted for these notes.

1722
1744
1776
1780
1782
1788
1790
1791
1795
1810
1811

ADDITION.

The small tankard exhibited at the January meeting (p. 108) by Mr.
T. Taylor, F.S.A., was made by Eli Bilton, the well-known silversmith
of Newcastle. It bears the year mark of that town for 1705.

133

PROCEEDINGS

or THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.
VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1904. No. 16.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the lecture
room of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle, by the
kind permission of that society, on Wednesday, the 30th day of March,
1904, at seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. Rich. Welford, M.A., one
of the vice-presidents, being in the chair.

Mr. J. P. Gibson of Hexham, gave an address on the excavations
in the Roman camp at

HOUSESTEADS (Borcomcus).

I He exhibited a fine series of eighty lime-light illustrations. Most of
the lantern slides had been specially made for the lecture of which an
abstract will be given later.

Mr. Gibson was heartily thanked for his lecture.

MISCELLANEA.

Included in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London,
2 ser. xix, ii, (Nov. 27, 1902, to June 18, 1903), 8vo., are notes by
the Rev. J. T. Fowler of Durham, on the discovery of an ancient fire-
place ' in the west wall of the south transept of Durham Cathedral, near
the south-west corner,' of which plan, elevation and section are given.
The assistant-secretary (Mr. St. John Hope) referred to a similar fireplace
at the east end of the vestry at Hume priory (a description of this is given
on p. 184). These fireplaces are supposed to have been for the purpose
of baking wafer bread. At page 264 of the same publication there is a
note, by Mr. John Bilson of Hull, of the discovery in the east end of
St. Mary's abbey, York, during excavations there, of the inscribed slab
of William Sever, at one time abbot, and afterwards bishop of Durham,
who died 14 May, 1505. At the meeting of the society on 12 Feb.,
1903 (p. 224), the cheek-piece of a Roman helmet in embossed copper
was exhibited. It was discovered near South Collington, Notts, and
bears the figure of a woman standing by a horse. This may be com-
pared with the device on another cheek-piece discovered in the Tyne,
and noted in Arch. Ael. x, 263. In the latter case the design is punc-
tured not embossed.

134

The following local notes are from the Calendar of State Papers
Ireland. Adventurers, 1642-1659 :

1642. 15 April, 19 July. Two receipts by the Treasurers under the
arrangement between the King and Parliament, in all for 300, from
John Blakestone, of Newcastle upon Tyne, M.P. P. * each. Endd.
Ibid. IQand 17.

1647. 20 Dec. Receipt by the Treasurers of Nov. 1647, for 300
from same. P. |. Endd. Ibid. 18.

164g. 15 Jan. Receipt by the same for 150, from Alderman Thos.
Andrewes, being one-fourth of the sum formerly adventured by Blake-
stone, as above. P. f . Endd. Ibid. 19.

1652. 23 April. Indenture made between Susanna Blackiston,
widow and executrix of the late John Blackiston of Newton, Durham,
and John, son and heir of the said Blackiston, of the one part, and Thos.
Andrewes and Stephen Estwick, Aldermen of London, creditors of the
said late John and trustees for his other creditors who are named in the
Schedule hereto.

Susanna Blackiston and John Blackiston, junr. assign the share of
750 of their late father and husband to Andrewes and Estwick, in part
payment of the debt owed by the late John to Estwick, Andrewes and
those for whom they are trusted. P. f (large parchment. ) Signed by the
assignors before witnesses. Endd. Ibid. 21.

1652. Schedule to foregoing. Showing the amounts owed by the
late John Blackiston to Philip, Lord Wharton ; Thomas Atkins and
John Dethicke, aldermen ; Thos. Andrewes, alderman, and Thos.
Vincent ; Stephen Estwick, alderman, and Saml. Lee ; Col. Thos.
Player, John Lamott, Esq., and partners, Abraham Chambers, Esq.,

executor of the will of Monox, widow, deceased ; Robert

Sweet ; George Prowse and Arthur Wroth, executors of Martin Pindar,
deceased ; Nathaniel Cock, Rowland Witherington. P. 1 (parchment).
S.P. Ireland, 291, 20. [p. 76]

165f. 19 Feb. Assigning 25, part of the share of 50 assigned to
him by foregoing [John Gillingham of Winburne [Wimborne] in Dorset
cordwainer] to Gilbert Marshall, of Houghall, in Durham. P. f.
Signed, <kc., before witnesses. Endd. Ibid. 104. [p. 339-1

WINTER'S STOB' AND BASE OF ANCIENT CROSS ON MOORS s. OF ELSDON,

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Xewc., 3;Ser. I.

To face page 135.

1. IN THE CLOSE.

7. BLACK GATE.
I. VIEWS IN OLD NEWCASTLE. See pages 136-138.

135

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1904. No. 17.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library
of the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the 27th April, 1904, at seven
o'clock in the evening, Mr. R. Coltman Clephan, F.S.A., one of the
vice-presidents, being in the chair.

Several accounts recommended by the Council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The following ORDINARY MEMBERS were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. Frank Edward MacFadyen, 24 Grosvenor Place, Jesmond,

Newcastle.

ii. Mrs. Mitchell of Jesmond Towers, Newcastle,
iii. George Davison Reid, 64 Lovaine Place, Newcastle,
iv. G. Grey Turner, F.R.C.S., 31 Oxford Street, Newcastle.

The following NEW BOOKS, &c., were placed on the table :
Presents :
The following were announced, and thanks voted to the donors :

From the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological
Society : Transactions, xiv, ii, 8vo.

From the Hon. Mr. Justice Bruce : Lectures on Old Newcastle, by the

late Dr. Bruce, 8vo. cloth.
Exchanges :

From the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological
Society : Transactions, new ser. iv, 8vo. cl.

From the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland : Proceedings, xxxvii
(4 ser. i), 1902-3, sm. 4to, cl.

From the Cardiff Naturalists Society : Proceedings, xxxv, 1903,
(' The Roman Camp at Gellygaer '), 8vo.

From the Shropshire Archaeological and Nat. Hist. Soc. : Trans-
actions, 3 ser. iv, i, 8vo., 1904.

From the Societe d'Archeologie de Bruxelles : Annales, xvm, i & ii.

From the Society of Antiquaries of London: (i.) Archaeologia, 58,
ii, 4to. ; and (ii.) Proceedings, xix, ii, 8vo.

From the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Nat. Hist. : Pro-
ceedings, xi, iii. 8vo.

From the Cambridge Antiquarian Society : Proceedings, XLIV,
(x, iv), from 14 Oct. 1902 to 18 May 1903; 8vo.

136

Purchases : The Rev. E. A. Downam's original drawings of Ancient
British earthworks (being plans of Han worth Castle, Middlesex ;
Basildon Moat, Great Canfield, Clavering Castle, Chipping Ongar,
Pheshey, Plumberow, Rayleigh, Ringhill, Stansted, Stebbing
and Wallbury, Essex) ; Rites of Durham (107 Surt. Soc. publ.) ;
the Mittheilungen of the Imp. German Archaeol. Institute, XVIIT,
iii and iv, Rom, 1904 ; Guy Laking's The Armoury of Windsor
Castle ; The Antiquary for March and April, 1904 ; Notes and
Queries, 10 ser. Nos. 9 to 17 (Feb. 27 to April 23, 1904) ; Calendar
of State Papers, Ireland, 1647-1660, Addenda 1625-1660 ; Calen-
dar of StatJ Papers, Domestic, 1693 ; and Feudal Aids, 12S4-1431,
vol. in, Kent to Norfolk; all large 8vo. cl.

EXHIBITED :

By R. Blair (one of the secretaries) : Two Roman denarii taken out
of the bed of the river Tyne at Newcastle. One, in poor con-
dition, is of the emperor Galba [A.D. 69], with his head on the
obverse, and a seated figure on the reverse. The other is of the
emperor Septimius Severus [A.D- 193-211] having on the obverse
the emperor's head laureated, and the inscription SEVERVS rivs
AVG ; and on the reverse, two captives seated at the foot of a
trophy, and the inscription PART MAX PM TR p vim (A.D. 201).

By Mr. W. A. Hoyle of the Croft, Ovingham : A small portfolio con-
taining sketches of Old Newcastle and its precincts. They are
seventeen in number, and are mostly, if not all, the work of Mr.
George Bouchier Richardson who died in 1877. He was a son of
the editor and compiler of the Local Historian's Table Book, and
was a member of our Society when these sketches were made.
Three valuable papers by him on local antiquities are printed in
the quarto series of Archaeologia Aeliana.

[ Mr. R. O. Heslop, F.S.A. (one of the secretaries,) has kindly supplied
the following notes:

*' The sketches represent : ' Staiths at St. Anthonys on the Tyiu-,
1840,' ' Mabel's Mill, Ouseburn, 1820,' ' The Residence of Thomas Oliver,
1842,' ' The Glass House Bridge, 1843,' ' Entrance to the [lane ?] be-
tween Gallowgate and the Leazes, 1843,' 'The Moot Hall, north front,
1809. Designed from oral and written testimony,' ' Interior of the
Chapel, Castle of Newcastle,' ' The Great Doorway of the Keep,' ' Old
Houses Westgate Street, adjoining, on the South, Westmorland Hall.
Removed for the erection of the Lit. and Phil. Society's Library, 1820.
[A wood cut of this is given in the Local Historian's Table Book, Hist.
Div. vol. in, p. 253, apparently taken from this sketch] ; also the eight
sketches as shewn by the reproductions in the appended plates.

No. 1, lettered ' In the Close, from the How, just below White Friar
Tower.' It represents one of the court-yards immediately behind the
street line on the north side of the Close, and just within the town wall.
The assemblage of gables and pantile roofs forms a group characteristic
of the late seventeenth century domestic architecture in Newcastle which
succeeded the timber frame construction of the early years of that
century.

No. 2, lettered ' The demolition of the Union Bank, west end of
Mosley Street, with the exposure of the east end of the Church of St.
Nicholas, Aug., 1843.' This sketch is engraved in the Local Historian's
Table Book, Hist. Div. vol. v, p. 88. The site is now occupied by the
offices of Messrs. Gibson above, in the basement, now the book-shop of
Messrs. Franklin, was first established the bank of Messrs. Hodgkin,
Barnett, Pease and Spence in 1859.

Proc. Soc. Antiq. If ewe., 3 Ser. I.

To face page 136.

2. UNION BANK, MOSLHY STREET.

4.-OLD HOUSES. PILGRIM STREET.
II. VIEWS IN OLD NEWCASTLE. See pages 136-138.

Proc.'Soc. Antiq. Newc., 3 Ser. I.

To face page 137.

f I

I i ti

' I.

II
^ i

3. PILGRIM STREET, W. SIDE.

' p

M A>

ill

1 ii I IIH

5.-l'X)RTH HOUSE.
III. VIEWS IN OLD NEWCASTLE. See pages 136-1

137

No. 3, lettered ' Houses on the west side of Pilgrim Street, north of the
south side of Blackett Street, removed in 182[7] for the formation of
Blackett Street.' The name ' Northumberland Street ' is conspicuous
on the angle of the corner house on the right ; ' Pilgrim Street ' on that
to the left. After the formation of Blackett Street the basement of the
latter house was converted into a shop, and was occupied by the father
of the draughtsman of these pencil sketches, Moses Aaron Richardson,
brother of T. M. Richardson, the artist and publisher of the numerous
local imprints and reprints bearing his name. ' In this shop,' says
Mr. Welford, ' he remained till the completion of Grey Street afforded
him more convenient premises,' and here ' he was the local agent for the
sale of lottery tickets, a dealer in rare prints and pictures, a collector
of scarce works on the fine arts poetry and music ' (Men of Mark 'Twixt
Tyne and Tweed, in. p. 295). On the site shown in the sketch stood
the Pilgrim Street Gate until its removal in 1802. The line of the town
wall corresponded with the frontage of the narrow street shown on the
left, where the remains of a turret are visible beyond the house in course
of demolition.

No. 4, lettered ' Old houses near the head of Pilgrim Street, east side,
1843,' and initialled ' G.B.R., 1843.' The shop on the left of the sketch
is number 89 in the street, facing towards Hood Street. In a directory
of 1838 it was occupied by William Dalziel, furniture broker, there
described also as ' Victualler at the ' Ship,' Drury Lane.' The next
shop to the right, No. 87, is that of Christopher Shephard, ' Agent for
Morison's Universal Medicines,' and of Sarah Shephard, ' Straw hat
manufacturer and dealer in straw plat.' The plain house adjoining was
the White House Inn, rendered conspicuous by its white painted front,
contrasting thus with its rival in black lower down the street, known as
the Black House. The tall houses on the right face to Market Street,
and in the first of these were the offices of Alexander George Gray,
merchant ; later the proprietor of the Friars Goose Chemical Works.

No. 5, lettered ' Forth House after the curtailment of the West Wall,
April, 1843.' The building is on the site now occupied by the North-
Eastern Railway Company's Audit Office in Forth Banks, and the left
hand corner of the structure is exactly at the angle formed now by
Forth Banks and Neville Street. The sketch represents one of the
most noteworthy features of old Newcastle in its last phase. Bourne,
describing the Forth says : ' It is at present a mighty pretty Place,
exceeding by much any Common Place of Pleasure about the Town ; a
Place at the proper Season of the Year much frequented by the Town's
People, for its Pleasing Walk and rural Entertainment ' [Bourne, Hist,
of Newcastle, 1736, p. 146]. The building in the sketch is the Forth
Tavern, overlooking the bowling green. It was furnished with ' a
balcony projecting from the front, and a parapet wall, from whence the
spectators, calmly smoking their pipes and enjoying their glasses
beheld the sportsmen' [Mackenzie, Hist, of Newcastle, 1827, p. 714].
It will be seen that the enclosure, approached by a flight of steps, is con-
siderably above the street level. The elevated position and the views
obtainable from the site added greatly to its charm as a place of recrea-
tion. [There is a wood-cut from this in the Local Historian's Table Book,
Hist. Div. v, p. 77].

No. 6, lettered ' Part of Bailey Gate, looking east, 1843.' This was
one of the streets leading from Westgate Street to the precincts of the
old castle. The tall building on the left hand of the street was at the
corner of Queen Street. On the same side was the Royal Oak public
house. The entire site is now occupied by the railway viaduct.

138

No. 7, lettered ' TheTBlack Gate, west front, 1843.' The densely
crowded tenements of the Castle Garth and its immediate neighbour-
hood were almost entirely occupied by dealers in wearing apparel and
by shoemakers. As the town's liberties did not include the Castle, the
incorporated trades were without jurisdiction within its limits. This
immunity had, from an early period attracted ' foreigners,' as the
freemen called them, to practice their craft or callings. The shops here
shown were typical of a great number of similar places crowded together
in the Garth and on the Castle Stairs, where garments new and old were
displayed, and where shoemakers worked in the open doorways. Those
who converted old shoes were commonly known as ' translators.'

No. 8, lettered ' The Fox and Lamb, Pilgrim Street, west side, looking
W., Sep., 1843.' See the paper by W. H. Knowles, F.S.A., Archaeologia
Aeliana, xvi, p. 373.

The references given above to subjects engraved suggest the conjecture
that the sketches were made by Mr. George Bouchier Richardson for the
purpose of illustrating the Local Historian's Table Book. ' Many of the
wood cuts which illustrate the Table Book, says Mr. Welford, ' were his
productions' [Men of Mark, vol. in, p. 297]. These wood-cuts are all
of them of the crudest character, suggesting the work of an amateur.
But a comparison with the original sketches, now reproduced in fac-
simile, will show how much injustice the roughly executed cuts do to Mr.
G. B. Richardson's artistic qualities. As Mr. Welford's biographical
notice shows, both Mr. M. A. Richardson, the father, and his son G. B.,
were compelled by circcumstances to emigrate to Australia at a time
when, by pen and pencil, they were in the midst of their activities to
illustrate our local history and topography. Mr. G. B. Richardson at
the time of his death had supported himself during his last three years
in the profession of a drawing master, and his qualifications are well
indicated by the promise shown in these drawings, now for the first time re-
produced from the original sketches by the kindness of Mr. W. A. Hoyle. ]

By Mr. G. H. Hogg of North Shields (per Mr. S. S. Carr) : A
cylinder of ebony Gin. long, yjin. in diameter, with silver-
mounted ends, having on one end the royal arms and on the other
a castle. The object was found in an old house in North Shields.

Mr. C. H. Blair thought the royal arms were of the time of
George II. or of the early years of George III.

Mr. Heslop said that the ruler-like object was a sheriff officer's
staff or badge of office formerly in use.

By Mr. George D. Reid : The great carving knife and fork from the old
Mansion House, Newcastle ; the buckhorn handles terminate in.
heads of the sea-horse, supporters of the arms of the town. The
length of the knife is 20Jins. and of the fork 14 ins. They are
described in the catalogue of the Mansion House sale as silver-
hafted carvers,' and they were sold on the fifth day of the sale
(5 Jan. 1837). (See plate facing p. 144.)

COUNTRY MEETINGS.

The recommendation of the Council to hold the following country
meetings during this season was unanimously agreed to, viz. : day
meetings at ( i) Housesteads Roman camp, in conjunction with the
Durham Society; (ii.) Ford and Etal castles, and if possible Duddos
tower ; (iii.) Bamburgh church and castle ; and (iv.) Bewcastle
church and castle, driving from and to Brampton or Naworth ; and
afternoon meetings (i.) a perambulation of the Walls and Towers of
Newcastle under the guidance of Mr. Heslop ; and (ii.) Escombe Saxon
church and St. Helen's Auckland church.

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc., 3 Ser. I.

To face page 138.

6.-BAILEY GATE, LOOKING E. See page 137.
IV. VIEWS IN OLD NEWCASTLE.

Proc. Soe. Antiq. Newc., 3 Ser. I.

To face page 138.

8." THE FOX & LAMB." See page 138.
V. VIEWS IN OLD NEWCASTLE.

139

4 CHAPEL WALLS,' WOLSINGHAM.

Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following note by Mr.
Edward Wooler of Darlington :

" I have received a communication from Mr. William Rutter of
Wolsingham, calling my attention to the discovery of a portion of what
is known as ' Chapel Walls.' I went to Wolsingham on Saturday, the
13th February, accompanied by Mr. Turnbull and Mr. Egglestone, and,
although it was a very stormy day, we made a most careful examination
of the site. I find that it has been a strongly entrenched ' Camp '
(using the words of the Ordnance Survey) enclosing 1-727 acres. At the
east side, from the bottom of the ditch to the top of the rampart is 20
feet. The two becks on the north and east have evidently been utilised
to fill the moat with water. We found several specimens of pottery,
some of which I sent you [Mr. Blair], and others Mr. Egglestone sub-
mitted to the authorities of the British Museum, who pronounced it
to be what you said it was, i.e. medieval pottery. There is no doubt
that it has been the site of the bishop's manor house at Wolsingham
because bishop Hatfield's survey, taken between 1345 and 1381 states
that there was a manor house with a garden and orchard and three acres
of meadow land appertaining also a park 8^ miles in circuit. There
has been a chapel, and Mr. James Rutter, in levelling the rampart and
filling up the ditch, came across two cross walls which are evidently the
chapel walls, hence the name ' Chapel Walls.' Of these walls we made
the most careful examination, and it would appear as though they had
been destroyed by fire. It is on record that there were several incur-
sions of the Scots, notably one in 1316 when ' the Scottish army entered
into England by the Western March and entered into the bishopric of
Durham by the heights of Weardale ; they took their way so near to
Durham as to lay waste and plunder, sweeping away all kinds of pro-
visions and destroyed the beautiful retreat of the monks at Beaurepaire
(now called Bearpark) together with other places in the neighbourhood,
etc.' Was this the occasion of the destruction of the manor house
(note the dates of the survey and the incursion), and did future bishops,
not being of a sportsmanlike character, neglect to rebuild it. I am
taking steps to get Mr. G. Y. Wall, the manorial surveyor to the
Ecclesiastical Commissioners, to examine the records at Durham to see
if any old description gives any clue to its identity. I have, however,
no doubt in my own mind that it was a manor house, but whether it
was the site of an earlier camp it is difficult to say. Possibly it was."

Thanks were voted to Mr. Wooler for his note.

ANCIENT GRAVE ON BRANDON HILL, CO. DURHAM.

Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following ' Note on the
discovery of an Ancient Burial at Tally-ho Gate, Brandon Hill, in the
County of Durham,' by Mr. H. T. Peirson of Brancepeth :

" This discovery was made on April 14th by a quarryman working
the quarry at this place, which is on the highest point on Brandon Hill,
about 4 miles west of Durham, and about 890 feet above sea level.

A cist was found in the face of the quarry, the top of it being 4 feet
below the surface, which at the place is quite level showing no traces of a
barrow. The land here has been cultivated, but not for about 100
years. The cist is formed of four slabs of stone set on edge, 1 with a
covering stone, the internal dimensions being as follows, length 5 feet,
width (west end) at top 1 foot 11^ inches., at bottom 2 feet 10 J inches,

i Shewn on plate facing p. 140.

at east end 1 foot 10 inches at top, 2 feet 4 inches at bottom ; depth 2
feet 6 inches. The covering stone, roughly oval in shape, is about 6 feet
6 inches long by 4 feet 6 inches wide. None of these stones appears to
have been worked from this quarry, but are more like the stone in the
quarry at Brandon village about a mile and a half to the east. Be-
tween the covering stone and the top of the side and end stones were
packed, for some reason or other, about two or three inches of small
flat stones which fell into the cist when the cover was removed,
doing some damage to the contents. The compass bearings of the
cist were as nearly as possible E.S.E. and W.N.W. The contents of
the cist were fragments of the skeleton of an adult male, lying on the
left side with head to the east and the knees doubled up ; the length of
the thigh bone being 1 foot 6^ inches. The skull, which was broken
into pieces by falling stones was of a low type as it has a very receding
forehead. Just above and between the eye sockets was a small round
hole which had apparently been made before death, and may have
been the cause of it There was also found placed behind the skull in
the N.E. corner of the cist an earthenware vessel 8 8i inches high by
6 inches in diameter at the widest part, made of sunburnt clay and or-
namented with punctured lines and a kind of herring bone pattern
alternately from top to bottom. It did not contain anything, and was
unfortunately broken by falling stones. The soil from the bottom of
the cist was carefully examined and contained nothing except small
pieces of charcoal, pieces of bone and a few of the teeth of the man.
The bottom of the cist was not on the bed rock but roughly paved with
small flat stones upon a layer of sandy soil beneath which was the rock.
Traces of fire are visible in the interior of the cist, and also upon the top
of the covering stone. The cist still remains in position as found, but
will shortly be removed. The earthenware vessel is in my possession
awaiting Lord Boyne's instructions as to disposal. I herewith send
photographs of the cist and earthenwara vessel, also a tracing from the
25 inch ordnance 3 with exact position of burial marked with a cross."

The photographs are reproduced on the opposite plate, and the plan
on page 141.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Peirson for his interesting note, and also
for the care taken by him In carefully opening and preserving the grave
and its contents. The urn and the bones have been presented to
Durham university by Viscount Boyne, the owner of the land on which
the discovery was made.

Dr. Beddoe, F.R.S., of Bradford-on-Avon, a great authority on the
subject, states that according to his rule of measurement the man
would be 5 ft. 8|in. high.

BRANDON CHAPEL, NORTHUMBERLAND.

Mr. Blair read the following letter addressed to him on the 29th
March, 1904, by Mr. J. R. Carr-Ellison, referring to Mr. Gissing's note
in these Proceedings, p- 131.

" If you don't know the old disused burial ground at Brandon, in which
Mr. Gissing takes so much interest, I can tell you that last autumn the
Eglingham churchwardens got back possession of the whole enclosure
inside the walls as church property.

Ever since I was a boy the small portion on the south-east quarter,
which had tombstones in it, and the 2ft. high remains of the wall of a

Shewn on the plate facing this page.
3 See reduction of this on page 141,

! a v <

f \ di o

v \ />. <?

142

very small chapel was covered with a dense growth of nettles and
dockins in summer, and had become raised 3 or 4 feet higher than the
remaining 3 quarters, one of which was the potato garden of the farm-
house, and the other 2 parts, hinds' gardens, and the ordnance maps
made matters worse by showing it as it was then, viz. : In one quarter
old chapel and graveyard, and the other three- quarters gardens.

Last autumn I wrote to the Rev. James Allgood, the owner of the
surrounding property and the farm, asking him to look for old estate
maps, as I thought the gardens to be an encroachment, and that the
whole was really churchyard.

He kindly sent me a tracing of an estate map of 1832, (much older
than the ordnance map) which showed that the whole enclosure was
churchyard. We then agreed to abide by the decision of a land agent
as to whether Mr. Allgood's map of 1832, the tithe map of Brandon in
Eglingham vestry (which also shewed the whole enclosure as church-
yard) and the later ordnance maps, which were on three different scales,
all represented the same piece of ground. The decision was that all the
maps did represent the same piece of ground, and that the whole was
churchyard. Mr. Allgood at once said the land belongs to the church-
wardens, who have now taken charge of the whole and have built a wall
on one of the four sides to match the existing wall, in place of an old
hedge which was the only fence there. They have also walled up a gate-
way on the south side of the churchyard leading into an arable field and
have made a new gateway on the north side leading on to the public
road, for the convenience of any future funerals that may take plaee.
The higher level of the portion where the tomb-stones were had evidently
been caused by using it as a deposit for the garden and field rubbish, and
a rude wall to contain it had been built up with stones found in the
gardens. The portion which had been used as gardens (the north por-
tion) appears not to have been used for burials as a deep trench was dug
across it, but no traces of burials found. The part which had been used
has been levelled down to the original level without coming upon any
remains of bones among the tombstones, shewing that the higher eleva-
tion was of recent date. It is intended by the churchwardens to mark
out with cement on the level of the ground, as has been done by the
duke of Northumberland at Alnwick abbey, the foundations of the
walls of the old chapel. There does not appear to have been any floor
to the chapel, but the bowl of a font was found and has been removed to
Eglingham church for preservation. Canon Tristram remembers, when a
boy, accompanying his father (the then vicar of Eglingham) when he offi-
ciated at a funeral there. The churchwardens hope that the Brandon
churchyard may again be used for burials for that part of the parish."

Thanks were voted to Mr. Carr-Ellison for his communication.

A ROMAN INSCRIBED STONE FROM BENWELL.

Mr. Blair read the following note on this discovery :
*' While an old building at Benwell was being pulled down the work-
men discovered, embedded in the wall, the fragments of an inscribed
altar to the god Antenociticus, set up by the 1st cohort of Varduli or
Vangiones (as the letters VA only remain it is doubtful which it is).
The Roman station at Benwell (Condercum), from which doubtless the
altar had in a former year been brought and made use of in the
building, was occupied by the 1st Ala of Asturians, while the station at
Risingham (Hdbitancum) was occupied by the 1st cohort of Vangiones
and that of High Rochester (Bremenium] by the 1st cohort of Varduli.
In the valuable collection of Roman inscriptions preserved in the

143

museum of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, are two fine altars to
the same god, one, naming him, as in the newly found inscription,
' Antenociticus,' set up by Aelius Vibius a centurio of the 20th legion,
the other ' Anociticus,' set up under Ulpius Marcellus by Tineius
Longus. 1 Both were found at Benwell in a little sacellum in the
grounds of the late Mr. Rendel who presented them to the Society.
Antenocitus appears to have been a Ic cal god, as no trace of him has been
found elsewhere. The inscription, or rather what is left of it, reads :

DEO ANTENOCIT[I]CO | SACRV //// | COH i VA . . . | OVB (?) The

letters A & V in the third line are tied.

The fragments, together are 19 ins. across ; the height of the larger
is 2 ft. 3 ins. Mr. H. P. Thirl well, on whose premises the two stones
were found, has kindly presented them to the Blackgate museum.
The special thanks of members are due to him, and also to the Rev.
R. R. Mangin, vicar of Benwell, who first drew attention to the find."

Thanks were voted to Mr Thirl well for his donation, and also to the
Rev. R. R. Mangin. The reproduction (from a photograph by Mr.
Parker Brewis) on the plate facing p. 142, shows the inscription - full

RECTORS OF WHITBURN.

Mr. Blair next read the following list (contributed by Mr. C. Hutchin-
son, F.R.A.S., of Rock Lodge, Roker) of the rectors of Whitburn since
the beginning of the thirteenth century, shewing the dates when they
held office, and giving other interesting particulars concerning them.
As this list may be of interest to antiquaries, as well as to persons
belonging to the district, it is given below :

William dj Burgo.

1245. John de Rygate.

1313-1316. William de Ay remynne. 2

1316. Nicholas de Welburn. 3
Thomas Kirkeby.
John Pulhose, constable of
the castle, and receiver-
general to bishop Hatfield.

1352. John de Appleby.

1362. Richard de Wynchcomb.

1368. William de Orchard.

1375. Peter de Stapylton.
William Marnhull.

1402. Thomas de Popylton.

1407. Thomas Kirkeby.

1409. Thomas Leys, vicar-general
to bishop Langley.

1454. John Lownde, LL.B., tem-
poral chancellor to bishop
Neville.

1501. Thomas Poppley, A.M.

1507. Edmund Jackson, LL.D.

1525. Cuthbert Marshall, S.T.P.,
archdeacon of Nottingham,
prebendary of Unsthwayte,
and canon residentiary of
York.

1550. Richard Clyff.

1563. Leonard Pilkington, S.T.P., 4
master of St. John's Col-
lege, Cambridge ; prebend-
ary of the seventh stall.
John Hicks.

1031. Thomas Triplet, D.D., eject-
ed during the Usurpation ;
after the Restoration, pre-
bendary of Westminster.

1662. Richard Hickes, A.M., an
Intruder, but conformed.

1 See Lapid. Sept. nos. 20 & 21 ; and C. /. L. vii, nos. 503 & 504,

2 On 27 Dec. 1313, William de Ayremynne, rector of Whitburn, a sub-deacon, was
granted letters dimissory to the orders of deacon and priest. Kellawe's Reg. I, 491. In
June 1316, the fruits and profits of Whitburn were granted to John de Snaynton the
younger, 'per resignationem domini Willelrai de Ayremynne.nuperrectorisejusdero.'
Ibid. II, 811.

s On 23 Oct. 1316, Nicholas de Welleburn was presented by the king, the see of
Durham being vacant. - Ibid, iv, 145.

* His will is given in Eecl. Proe. of Bishop Barnes (21 Surfc. Soc. publ.) cxxxiv, Sir
Anthony occurs as his curate ; and in 1578 Wm. Bramhall. Ibid. 309 and 73.

144

1667. Thomas Dockwray, S.T.P.,
perished in action with the
Dutch.

1672. Samuel Speed, A.M., pre-
bendary of Lincoln, canon
of Christ Church.

1675. Thomas Musgrove, A.M., dean
of Carlisle, and prebendary
of Durham.

1686, Samuel Eyre.

1694. Francis Blakeston, A.M.

1704. Nathaniel Ellison, S.T.P.,
prebendary of the fifth
stall.

to the duke of Kent and to
the bishop of Durham.

1728. Edward Hinton, A.M.

1769. Benjamin Pye, LL.D., arch-
deacon of Durham.

1776. Zelinger Symons, B.D.

1810. Thomas Baker, A.M.

1866. William Maunder Hitchcock,
A.M., hon. canon of Dur-
ham.

1881. George Frederick Price, D. D. ,
chaplain to the duke of
Abercorn.

1901. W. Moore Ede M.A., hon.
canon of Durham.

1721. John Wallis, A.M., chaplain

Thanks were voted to Mr. Hutchinson.

OLD DEEDS KELATING TO NEWCASTLE, &C.

Mr. Blair reported that as directed by the council he had examined
several bundles of old local deeds, from the collection of Sir Thomas
Phillipps, on sale by Mr. Thorne, and had purchased one bundle for the
society, which Mr. O. J. Charlton had kindly undertaken to calendar.

Mr. Charlton then read his notes, which are not yet ready for publi-
cation, but they will be printed in the next issue of these Proceedings.
He stated that in one of the deeds, a quayside chare had no less than
seven different names.

Thanks were voted to Mr. Charlton bv acclamation.

MISCELLANEA.

A note in the Antiquary for Dec. 1903, refers to the insecure condi-
tion of Berwick bridge. The common error that the bridge connects
England and Scotland is repeated by the writer. The Tweed at Berwick
does not divide the two portions of the kingdom, so how this bridge,
any more than that across the Tyne at Newcastle, can connect them is
rather a puzzle. The town of Berwick and its bounds (which extend
northwards about three miles and up the Tweed about the same dis-
tance) have been connected with England, both ecclesiastically and
civilly, for many centuries, and it is now, for administrative purposes,
a part of the county of Northumberland.

Prof. Brandl's Archiv fur das Studium der neueren Sprachen und
Literaturen, contains a fac-simile of bishop Ranulf's grant to his bishopric
of Durham of the lands of ' Elresdene and Haliwarstelle.' Scottish
Historical Review, no. m, p. 345.

Tfie Genealogical Magazine for April 1904 contains a pedigree of 'Jackson of West
Rainton Hall, co. Durham'.

Proc. .S'oe. Antiq. Newc. 3 Ser. I.

To face page 144.

CARVING KNIFE & FORK FORMERLY BELONGING TO THE NEWCASTLE CORPORATION.

From a photograph by Mr. George D. Reid.

See page 138.

145

PROCEEDINGS

OP THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

VOL. I. (3 Ser.) 1904. No. 18.

The ordinary monthly meeting of the society was held in the library
of the Castle, Newcastle, on Wednesday, the first day of June, 1904, at
seven o'clock in the evening, Mr. C. J. Spence, one of the vice-presidents,
being in the chair.

Several accounts recommended by the council for payment, were
ordered to be paid.

The following ORDINARY MEMBERS were proposed and declared duly
elected :

i. Wemyss H. Atkinson, 1 Windsor Place, Newcastle,
ii. Major G. Towlerton Leather, Middleton Hall, Belford.
iii. F. Sainty, Albourn Terrace, West Hartlepool.
iv. P. Truttman, 36 Malvern Street, Newcastle.

The following NEW BOOKS, &c., were placed on the table :
Presents, for which thanks were voted :

From Mr. L. W. Adamson, LL.D. : A foolscap folio case containing
plans and sections of the old Tyne bridge, also newspaper cuttings
relating thereto, lease of one of the shops on it, &c., &c., chiefly
collected by Mr. John Bell. The collection was found amongst
the papers of the late Mr. John George Abbott, Dr. Adamson's
brother-in-law.

From the Cambridge Antiquarian Society : Proceedings and Com-
munications, xvi, xxi, and XLIII. 8vo.

From the Yorkshire Archaeological Society : The Yorkshire Archaeo-
logical Journal, pt. 65, vol. xvn. 8vo.

From the Suffolk Antiquarian Society : Proceedings, x, i. 8vo.
Exchanges :

From the Derbyshire Archaeological and Nat. Hist. Society :

Journal, xxvi, 1904, 8vo. [contains Mr. John Garstang's report
on the excavations in the Roman camp at Brough, near Derby,
with several illustrations ; also Mr. Haverfield's paper on the
Roman inscription discovered in the same camp mentioning Julius
V . . . . , a Roman legate, thought to be the Julius Verus of the Tyne
inscription (see p. 92)]. Amongst the discoveries at Brough is
an underground chamber in the praetorium, 8 feet long by 7 feet
at the wider end and 5 feet at the narrower, reached by a flight
of eight stone steps ; it is similar to the chamber near the
praetorium in the South Shields camp (Arch. Ael. x, 233).

146

From the Kent Archaeological Society (i.) ArcJiaeologia Cantiana,
xxvi, 8vo. cl. ; and (ii.) Archaeological Papers published in 1902,
compiled by G. L. Go name, F.S.A.

From La Societe Archeologique de Namur : Annales, xxiv, iv,
large 8vo. Namur, 1904.

From the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, U.S.A. : Twentieth
Annual Report (1898-9), large 8vo., cl.

From the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society :
Transactions, xxvi, i. ; 8vo. [included in it (p. 208) is an obituary
notice of Mr. John Latimer, a native of Newcastle (born in 1824
and died in Bristol on 4th January, 1904), who was formerly
on the staff of the Newcastle Chronicle and well known as the
compiler of Latimer's Local Records, a continuation of Sykes's
publication of that name. He became a member of our society
on 2nd January, 1856, but resigned on his leaving the town in
1858, when he became editor of the Bristol Mercury. On the
formation of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological
Society Mr. Latimer joined it and became its honorary secretary
for Bristol. He contributes a paper ' The maire of Bristowe is
Kalendar ' to this part (p. 108), and has contributed many papers.
dealing chiefly with medieval Bristol, to the same journal, and
also to the Proceedings of the Clifton Antiquarian Club. A
photographic reproduction of Mr. Latimer's portrait illustrates
the memoir, which thus concludes : ' Mr. Latimer has set a
standard of industry and accuracy for the Bristol historian who
may come after him ; and those who knew the gentle, kindly old
man will be grateful to the Council for providing the portrait of
him which accompanies this notice.']

From the Numismatic Society of London : The Numismatic
Chronicle, 4 ser., pt. i, 8vo.

From the British Archaeological Association : The Journal, x, i.,
8vo.

From the Royal Archaeological Institute : The Archaeological
Journal, LX, 2 ser. x, 4, 8vo.

From the Clifton Antiquarian Club : Proceedings, v, iii, large 8vo.

From the Thuringian Historical Society : Zeitschrift, N.S., xiv, i.

From the Royal Society of Christiania : Skrifter for 1903, large 8vo.

Purchases : Galletly and Dunlop's Ancient Towers and Doorways ;
Jahrbuch of the Imp. German Archaeological Institute, 'Gordion-
ergebnisse der Ausgrabung im Jah'-e, 1900,' von Gustav Korbe
& Alfred Korbe, large 8vo., |bd. ; The Reliquary, x, 2 ; The
Antiquary for May, 1904 ; Notes and Queries, 10 ser., 18-22 ;
The Ancestor for October, 1903 (vii) [see ' English Counts of
the Empire,' by J. H. Round, in which the Saint Pauls of Ewart
are referred to], and for April, 1904 (ix) [see p. 137, of latter for
' The Attwoods and their bard,' being a review of ' The Attwood
Family ' by Mr. John Robinson ; and p. 18 ' The Ogles, 1 a review
of Sir Henry A. Ogle's book on that family] ; and Der Oberger-
manisch-Raetische Limes des Roemerreiches , xxi, Kastell Waldilm
& Kastell Welzheim.

DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM.

The following were announced, and special thanks voted to the
donors:

From Mr. J. D. Walker : A stone axe-hammer head 4" long by

Proe. Soc. Antiq. If ewe., 3 Ser. I.

To face page 146.

STONE AXE-HAMMER FOUND AT BARRAS BRIDGE, NEWCASTLE.

See opposite page.

From a photograph by Mr. Parker Brewis.

A QUERN FOUND IN BISHOPWEARMOUTH.

See opposite page.

From a photograph by Mr. J. Walton.

147

wide at the cutting end, 1|" at the narrower end, and 2]" in the
middle, found in July or August, 1893, some few feet below the
surface in the timber yard of Messrs. Bumup at Barras Bridge,
Newcastle, when some workmen were putting in a new drain. (See
top illustration facing p. 146.)

[The Rev.W. Greenwell, D.C.L., &c., in a letter to Mr. Heslop, thus
writes: The axe has apparently had two cutting edges, though
it may be doubtful if the narrower end has ever been a cutting
edge, the appearance suggesting that it has originally been squared
and not blunted, as the other one is, by use. It is of a very un-
common form ; indeed, I have never seen one. or an engraving of
one, like it. The hole has been made from each side by a pointed
instrument, probably of wood, and sand, and in that it differs
from those which unquestionably belong to the Bronze Period,
where the hole has been made by a metal tube, and goes straight
through. I should on the whole incline to regard it as belonging
to the Bronze Period, though the nature of the perforation is more
in favour of its having been made before the time of metal. It
looks more like an implement for ordinary vise than a war axe, of
which there are numerous examples and of a distinct character.']

From Messrs. Watson, Burton, and Corder :

(i.) Two sculptured panels from Gilpin's yard, Pilgrim Street,

Newcastle. They were originally taken from the old ruined

Tyne bridge, and built first into alderman Hornby's garden wall.

They respectively represent the arms of bishop Crewe of Durham

and of Newcastle, and are of 17 cent. date,
(ii.) Gilpin's sign as ' Chymist,' a gilded wooden mortar and pestle.

[ Mr. Percy Corder read the following note on the arms : ' The old
Tyne bridge, part of which was destroyed in the great flood on the
night of Saturday, November the 16th, 1771, which carried away
three towers with other erections. Mackenzie, in his History of New-
casile-ti'pon-Tyne, states that at the south end of the bridge was the
third tower having ' a strong wardyd gate,' near to which was a
drawbridge. On the south point of this tower were the arms of
Anthony Crewe. bishop of Durham. This stone was preserved by the
late alderman Hugh Hornby of Newcastle, and placed in his garden
wall in Pilgrim Street. He also preserved a stone with the town
arms upon it, which was originally on the south side of the tower
on the bridge with the motto ' Fortiter defendit triumphans 1646.'
Alderman Hornby's house and garden afterwards became the
property of Mr. Anthony Clapham, who carefully removed these
curious stones and placed the bishop's arms over his soap-office
door, and the town arms over the porter office of Brumell &
Gilpin. According to Grey's MSS., as recorded in Richardson's
reprints, ' The tower on the Bridg was builded by G Bird mayor
of this town ; the Bird coots of Armes upon it.' George Bird was
mayor of Newcastle from various times from 1493 to 1511. in which
year he died, so that the structure must have been erected about the
close of the loth or the beginning of the 16th century. This stone
bearing the town arms is shewn in the engraving of the tower of the
bridge printed hi Sykes's Local Records, and reprinted by per-
mission of the owner, Mr. Richard Welford, in the Monthly Chronicle
for June, 1887. I find in Boyle's Vestiges of Old Newcastle that
alderman Hugh Hornby was a linen draper and antiquary, and
carried on his business in the premises 135 and 137 Pilgrim Street,
the tenancy of which has lately been vacated by Messrs. Mawson,

148

Swan, and Weddell, who succeeded to the business so long carried
on in the same place by Messrs. Gilpin & Co. Messrs. Rowell & Co.,
Ltd., who were Messrs. Gilpin & Co.'s successors in the ale and
porter business have recently given up their occupation of the
premises behind 135 and 137 Pilgrim Street, thus terminating
the connexion between the business and the premises which had
existed for the long period of 114 years.']

EXHIBITED :

By Mr. Edward Wooler of Darlington : A photograph shewing three
objects, a ring, a cross, and a bead, found at Standard hill, North-
allerton, where the battle of the Standard was fought.
[The cross is said to be very ancient looking and made of bronze. The
bead may be old, but the brooch is doubtful. Without, however,
a sight of the objects themselves it is not possible to give an opinion
as to their age.]

By Mr. John Sanders of Cold Kirby near Thirsk : A large collection
of flint and stone weapons, found from time to time in tho
parishes of Cold Kirby, Scawton and Old Byland, on the Hamble-
ton hills.

[Mr. Blair (one of the secretaries) read the following notes by Mr.
Sanders on the objects :

"By systematically searching the ground in the parishes of Cold Kirby,
Scawton, and Old Byland, all situate on the Hambleton moors in the
North Riding, large numbers of flint and other stone implements and
weapons have been picked up. The various kinds of stone including
flint, jasper, quartz, greenstone, &c. of which these specimens sub-
mitted are made, do not occur in the local rocks, and must have been
brought from a very considerable distance. Hambleton is, roughly
speaking, a plain 700 feet above sea level, and is intersected by ravines
of glacial origin. There is only a thin moorland soil covering the oolite,
and the plough easily brings any relics of the past, which may lie below,
to the top. The extensive dykes or trenches, and the numerous round
barrows which exist in the neighbourhood seem to show that the ancients
lived on these uplands for safety. The ornament on a cinerary urn
found in a round barrow at Cold Kirby by the Rev. W. Greenwell shows
that the ancient dwellers here were sun worshippers, and that they
tilled the soil. It is, therefore, not unlikely that some of the suspicious-
looking stones of oolite which are found lying about may have been
trimmed for use as clod-hammers by these people simply because flint
was hard to get hold of. In flint-hunting here it often happens that we
find a large number close together, which would seem to be accountable
for in one of the folio whig ways : 1. The termination of a hunt ; 2. A
fight ; or 3. The place where someone had been trimming flints.

It will be noticed that while a great many of the specimens are most
beautifully worked, by far the larger number are of the very rudest
description. I have formed the opinion that each individual made his
own weapons, and the difference in degree of finish shows that some men
bestowed much care over the forming of their weapons, while others were
too lazy to do any more than they could help. There is another point
which I feel very certain about, and that is, that these old craftsmen
never made up their minds as to what kind or pattern of weapon they
would make until they had first detached a flake or chip from the parent
block of stone, and that it was the particular form of this initial chip
which decided the form or pattern which the finished implement took.
The opinions expressed here, and in the notes sent with the various

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. 3 Ser. I.

To face page 148.

ARMS OF BISHOP CREWE OF DURHAM.
AND OF NEWCASTLE.

See opposite page.

149

objects being my own, they must be taken only for what they are
worth. A couple of modern gun flints exhibited, should be well ex-
amined by every would-be collector, or similar things might easily find
an honourable place in his collection, for these are not infrequently met
with in the field."

Thanks were voted to Mr. Sanders.

NOTES FROM A DELAVAL DIARY.'

Mr. Blair next read the following notes by Mr. H. H. E. Craster of All
Souls College, Oxford :

'Among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library at Oxford is a
square quarto volume containing 332 pages of manuscript, nearly half of
the book being left blank. It contains meditations, prayers, collects,
and a number of autobiographical passages, the whole being composed
by Mrs. Robert Delaval of Seaton Delaval in Northumberland. The
writer states that she began from the time of entering into her four-
teenth year to keep, in scattered papers, most of those resolutions she
had made against the evils of her life, and that when she was four
months past twenty she resolved to collect them all together. These
papers form the first half of the manuscript, and they are followed by
similar meditations written during the twenty-first and twenty-second
years of her life, the latest being written at Seaton Delaval on the 25th
of July, 1671. At a later period of her life, apparently between 1688
and 1703, she appears to have copied out her earlier writings into the
volume now in the Bodleian, and to have added autobiographical
passages, thus giving a fairly complete story of her life down to a year
after her marriage. The result is the conversion of a common place
book into an autobiography, and while the earlier passages were written
purely for her own use, in the later additions she appears to have been
writing for others.

The following table shows her relationship to the various characters
who entered into her life :

Theophilus\Howard ( 1 ) Sir John Livingstone, = Jane Throxton = (9.) Edward.
2nd earl of Suffolk bart. lord Gorges

of Dundalk

Jfces,3rd earl ( 1 )Lord George = Lady Katharine = (2) James = (2) A.nne,daughter Dorothy =

1st earl of of Sir Henry Charles,2nd

f Suffolk Stuart

Howard

Newbnrgh Poole, bart. baron Stan-

hope of
Harrington
\ Howard Ed ward, Charles Stuart, LADY ELIZABETH

1st lord 3rd duke of LIVINGSTONE Robert Delaval, Son of
Griffin of Richmond Sir Ralph Delaval, bart.

Braybrooke

The writer was Lady Elizabeth Livingstone, daughter of the first earl
of Xewburgh. She was born in 1649. Before she was a year old her
father had to fly the country, being implicated in plots to release Charles
I. from captivity. Lady Betty, as she was called by her friends, was
brought up by her aunt, lady Stanhope, at her house at Nocton near
Lincoln, whence she used to be taken to pay yearly visits to her grand-
mother, lady Gorges, in London. Her father returned to England at the
restoration, but married again, and lady Betty continued to live with
her aunt. When fourteen, her half-brother, the duke of Richmond,

150

placed her in the Court, where she was first maid of the privy chamber
to the queen. She remained at Court for two years, and then, finding
that she had run heavily into debt, and seeing no likelihood of her being
able to pay her creditors, she obtained leave to return to Nocton. She
was only fifteen and a half when her aunt planned a marriage for her
with lord Brudenell, eldest son of the earl of Cardigan, but she refused to
marry him on the ground of his being a Roman Catholic. In revenge
for this, when lady Betty fell' in love three years later with lord Annesley,
eldest son of the earl of Anglesey, lady Stanhope refused to have any-
thing to say to the match. She was intending to give her in marriage
to her neighbour, lord Roos, afterwards first duke of Rutland, who was
then engaged in obtaining a divorce from his first wife. To put a stay
to lord Annesley' s suit, lady Stanhope and lord Roos contrived a
marriage between lord Annesley and lady Elizabeth Manners, lord
Roos's sister. Negotiations were opened with the earl of Anglesey, but
nothing was said of the matter to his son. Lord Annesley meanwhile
had been endeavouring to persuade lady Betty to marry him privately,
and lady Betty at last sent her lover a letter asking him to meet her at
the house of her cousin, Essex Griffin, near London, where she would n<>
longer delay to consent to his wishes. The messenger who was des-
patched with this letter foolishly put it into the earl of Anglesey's
hands. The earl had just concluded the treaty of marriage with the
Rutland family by which lord Annesley should be married to lady
Elizabeth Manners, and, on learning the state of affairs, he swore to
disinherit his son if he persisted in his choice. Lord Annesley was
cowed into submission, and wrote to lady Betty begging her to release
him from his promises. Shortly afterwards he married lord Roos's
sister. Meanwhile lord Roos had met with difficulties in the prosecution
of his divorce, and, till his divorce was secured, he could not decently
make proposals to lady Betty. Her father, who had secretly urged her
to make a run-away match with lord Annesley, had taken no part in
lord Roos's schemes, and now began to force upon lady Betty a marriage
with Robert Delaval, eldest son of Sir Ralph Delaval of Seaton Delaval
and lady Anne Delaval his wife. The young Delaval was brought to
stay at Nocton. But lady Betty had no liking for her proposed husband,
absolutely refused to marry unless the debts which she had contracted
at court had first been paid. Her grandmother, lady Gorges, who \va,s
now dead, had left her a thousand pounds, and this sum she wished to
apply to clearing herself of debt. Her father would not hear of it, and
threatened to send her away from Nocton. She stuck to her point. On
the 10th of May, 1670, she wrote in her book :

' Suppose my father shou'd send for me to his house, and be so severe
as to confine me like a prisoner, yet even in his greatest strictnesse
(tho' he be never so much offended against me for resisting his will), yet
he cannot take from me the blessing of health, and sure I shall have
bookes, if not faithfull friends to converse withall, and then certenly I
shall not be miserable, espeshally since I have a kind good aunt whose
heart I do not doubt but God will incline to be just to me in paying the
thousand pound my deare grandmother Gorge left in her hands for me,
and also generously good-natured in continuing the alowance she has
settled upon me, let me be in what part of the world I will. So shall I
be able to pay all my debts and satisfy the murmering wispers of my
consience.'

She has left us the following account of what happened :
' When all things were concluded betwixt Mr. Delaval' s friends and
mine for our maryage, I absolutely refused to consent to it, till my aunt

151

Stanhope (in whose hands my thousand pound was left) had first pay'd
me that money to disposs of as I pleas' d. My father arid my Aunt
Stanhope intended it shou'd have been a part of my portion, and did not
at all consern themselves with takeing any care about my debts, which I
thought a very great hardshipe towards me, since, had they not been
pay'd before I was a wife, they must certenly have fallen upon my
husband, which I might very probable have been many times reproach' d
withall by his relations, and have lived for that reason (if for no other)
unhapily amongst them. So I disputed the mater very earnestly with
my aunt, when I found it was both my father's will and hers to make me
change my state of life, and ty me up in bonds I never wou'd have chose,
and which I desier'd might not be made so much the heavyer by a load
of debts. We had a long and firce argument upon this subject. At
length I told my aunt that I was very sure, if my grandmother knew
what pass'd upon earth, I was very sure she wou'd be much displeased
with her for intending to hinder me from being misstress of what my
deare grandmother had given me upon her death-bed. My aunt (who
was extreamly good-natured) being moved by these words, shed some
tears, and imediately gave order that thousand pound shou'd be
pay'd me.'

There was now nothing to prevent the marriage. Though, in lady
Betty's words, ' it was the sad truth that my father's second maryage,
in which he had sons, had drawn him to sacrifice my fortune rather then
not make there's prosperous,' yet the king and queen gave her a marriage
portion, to which lady Stanhope made a considerable addition, and the
marriage was solemnised in October. In this way, she wrote, ' God has
blest me with the kindnesse of a husband and the unspeakeable comfort
of haveing pay'd my creditors.' She was in easy circumstances, though
' not dazell'd with the luster of great riches, nor burthen' d with honnours
nor charmed with so much love for my husband as might make mine
grow cold to my God.' That last clause tells its story. ' That pleaseing
word of liberty being now no more to be pronounced by me as what I
have a right too, I cannot but at the first puting on of shakells find there
weight heavy.'

At the beginning of December her father died. Lady Betty refused
to go and see him in his last illness, an act of revenge on her part which
she afterwards bitterly regretted. ' I cou'd not,' she says, ' be ignorant
that my undutyfull behaveour wou'd grive his soul, which certenly it
did to the very quick.'

She and her husband had remained in London after their marriage.
At the end of the month there came to town the young count Dona,
nephew of the Spanish ambassador, and a relation of William III, then
prince of Orange. He had been an old admirer of lady Betty's, but,
being only a second son, and consequently not well off, her family had
refused to hear of marriage. His arrival hastened her departure, for
she thought it best not to revive old memories, and refused to see him.
She wrote ,

' I was at that time liveing in London with my father and mother in
law, and it was intended we shou'd have pased that whole winter
all together in towne, it being then but 4 months after my maryage.
But, upon the comte Dona's comeing into England along with the
prince of Orange, to whom he had the honnour to be related, and by
whose interist he hoped my father might be prevaled withall to give
consent that I shou'd be maryed to him, since he came too late for those
flatering hopes to signify anything, I toke the resolution of not staying in
Towne, and I prevaled with Mr. De Laval to go with me to my Aunt

152

Stanhope's at Nocton, where we stayed till the winter was done, that sir
Ralph De Laval and my lady Ann DeLaval came to cary us with them
into the north. All the court was surprissed that I made so short a stay
amongst my friends and relations as only 6 weekes, for they were at that
time of my life very fond of me, and they wonder' d the more at my
going away, because my father and mother in law stay'd behind us ;
but none knew the true cause. I have allways loked upon it as a great
blessing of God Allmighty's that I was then mistresse enough of myself e
to let reason get the better of my inclenation. It cannot be denyed
but that it was very naturall lor a person of my age to have liked better
staying in a place where I was every day much courted by people of the
best quality, and where I was much favour'd by the queen my mistresse,
then to retier to a contry house, where, notwithstanding the prospect
of a hapy peacefull dwelling for a time which I had figured to myself e,
and the pleasures I proposed to have in receiveing the dayly profes of a
sincere kindnesse from my aunt, I did not scape the haveing many
uneasy houers. For I had not been there a weeke, before the Earle of
Rutland came to his hunting house, and, haveing never spoke to me of
love at all (my father haveing maryed me to Mr. DeLaval before the Act
off Parlement was past which gave him leave to mary) I cou'd not but
live friendly with him and receive his visits as I use to do. My aunt's
friendshipe and his continued to be the same it was, and so did his
kindnesse for me. Mr. DeLaval, being a very sickly young man, there
was a sort of deboach'd crew about my lord Rutland that, to make there
court to him dayly, made it there busynesse to be intimate with Mr.
DeLaval, and had resolved amongst themselves to drinke him to death
(as I was informed some time afterwards). One of them, who was more
abominably wicked than the rest, braged to his companions that he had
like to have done up DeLaval's busynesse all at once, for that he very
narowly scaped the last day hunting, tumbling him downe horse and all
a great precepice over the edge of the Clife Hills ; for, he said, catching
him there, he rid against him with all his force, and pretended that his
horse run away with them. After this, they ticed him to go and be
mery at the towne of Lincolne for one night, which was about 6 miles
from my aunt's house, where he stayed with them 3 nights, and at last
came home very much disorder' d, which put him into a cruell fit of
asmah, that being a distemper which use to trouble him very often,
which I knew nothing of before I was his wife. I was so foleish at that
time of my life as to beleive t'was in my power to change any custome
he had that I did not like, and to be very much disoblidged when I found
myselfe mistaken, so that this begining of a maryed life was very
disagreable to me ; but I knew there was no remedy, and therefoz'e
resolved to suffer it with the most patience ; and so, when S r Ralph
DeLaval and my lady Ane DeLaval came from London in the spring, I
went away with them into Northumberland very willingly.'

Lady Betty's disputes with her husband were a source of grief. This
is one of her Lenten meditations :

' How miserably have I failed in the performance of this last new duty
I have ingaged myselfe in ; for my wretched heart, being sway'd by a
vaine-gloryous pride, has been many times most senceibly touched with
sorow because my husband broke the vows he had made to me, then
because his intemperate life and other sins of his were offences against
our God ; for which cause I have most commonly reproach' d him in a
disdainefull manner with his injustise in seeming to forget the many
solemn vows he made when he found it difficult day by day to bring my
unconquer'd will to bend to my father's, who by his consent wou'd have

153

given me to Mr. De Laval 8 months before he did. Iff I had taken the
right course when I found myself e unhappy at first in my mary'd life by
griveing truly at whatever Mr. DeLaval did amiss which was offensive,
and had taken a way with a kind consern to represent my thoughts mildly
to him, 'tis very probable that his love to me might have made my just
endeavours prove successfull. But, alasse, on the contrary I have by
another sort of behaveour, with proud ill-natured words to often
tempted him to fall into the fury of a mad and sinfull passion, and thus
have been accessury to his iniquities and miserably increased my own.'

This from Seaton Delaval on the 12th of May : ' The gayety of my
humour and the harmelesse mirth in my conversation was pleaseing to
those I formerly kept company withall, and what was estimed by them
to be wit in this part off the world is look'd upon to be a gidynesse
unbecomeing a wife, and want of a prudent sober temper.'

There her story ends. The remainder of the book is blank, and the
tale left unfinished.

Amongst the Rutland papers [Hist. MSS. Comm. Reports] is a letter
from the earl of Anglesey to the countess of Rutland, telling her of
the desire of an * over-forward beauty ' to marry his son. In the Delaval
papers in the society's possession, is a letter from Robert Delaval to
his father (June 13th, 1674) telling him of his wife's great unkindness ;

* but I may find a way to be even with her yet.' In a later letter
(Sept. 9th, 1681) the writer tells Sir Ralph that Lady Elizabeth Delaval

* has gone to Scotland, and, before she went, she made her will, and
made it so that your family shall have no benefit. Sir Harry Bellairs
is her chief adviser, and was witness to her will, and said ' your
ladyship does nothing but what is just. Sir Ralph is fool and knave,
governed by his sot wife.' "

Thanks were voted to Mr. Craster by acclamation.

Mr. T. M. Allison, M.D., read a very interesting paper on * The
Flail and its varieties, with some examples and photographs,' in which
he traced the development of the flail to the present time. To place
with the old examples in the society's collection, he presented a modern
example which he had purchased in Ireland recently,

Dr. Allison was heartily thanked. The paper will probably be
printed in Archaeologia Aeliana.

DISCOVERIES AT BISHOPWEARMOUTH.

Mr. John Robinson then read the following note on the lower stone of
an old quern and on recent excavations in Low Row, Bishopwearmouth,
on the site of the ' Hat and Feather ' Inn :

" Three years ago I brought before the society an interesting discovery
of an ancient quern and roadway at Seaham, and in October of last year,
a brief notice of a sculptured stone which is built into the wall of the
old rectory outhouses at Bishopwearmouth. During the last five
weeks further discoveries have been made in the same locality, within one
hundred yards of Bishopwearmouth church. During the pulling down
of the old ' Hat and Feather ' public house in Low Row at the foot of the
hill, a licensed house which has existed for upwards of 200 years, the
contractors have come upon some interesting remains. At a depth of
about 12 feet below the level of the street and adjoining the disused burial
ground, a section of an ancient roadway, paved with cobble stones, was
brought to light. At the same depth, and close to the ancient pavement*

154

were the thick walls of what had been the boundary, or retaining, wall of
the burn, which may yet be heard rushing down in the culvert below to
the river. There was also fotind the lower stone of an ancient quern,
of millstone grit, 15 inches wide and 6 inches in diameter ; with bowl 8
inches wide and 3J inches deep. At the bottom of the bowl is an iron
spike, or pivot, by which the upper stone was kept in position as it was
turned round in the process of grinding. (See illustration of it on plate
facing p. 146. ) This quern is the first that hes been found in the imme-
diate vicinity of Bishop wear mouth ; and recalls the time when the bishop
of Durham held all the lands in his own hands. In bishop Pudsey's time
( 1 153-97], as appears by the ' Boldon Buke,' the manor of Wearmouth and
Tunstall was held by the bishop, who had 26 villeins and 6 cottagers.
There were a carpenter and a smith, who held lands for their work. The
two places paid 20 shillings cornage, and provided two milk cows for the
household. The lordship was then farmed out and with the increase of
stock and the mill produced 20 a year. In bishop Hatfield's survey
;[ 1345-82] the bond tenants of Wearmouth, Ryhope, Tunstall and
Burden, paid for their mill and brew-farm. We can, therefore, easily
understand how it came about that the payment of the lord's mill
charges were avoided, if possible, by the use of private hand-mills ;
which led to a proclamation that all private mills had to be destroyed, or
a heavy fine imposed. Hence the few querns that are to be found
perfect. They had to be as carefully hidden as were the illicit stills,
for private grinding was the same as smuggling. The discovery of the
piece of cobble-paved road shows that there was an ancient roadway
from Seaham, straight on to Wearmouth, for I have heard that a
similar piece of pavement was uncovered when making deep excava-
tions some years ago for Langham Towers, near Christ Church, and on
a direct line between the Seaham pavement, and that discovered in
the Low Row, Bishop wear mouth. So that within a distance of five
miles we have evidences of this ancient paved way. If Burleigh &
Thompson's plan of the river Wear for 1737 the oldest local plan in
existence be examined, it will be seen that the main road from the
south went to Bishop wearmouth church, by the Low Row, on to the
rectory, and then turned to the north west by the river marked ' Road
from Newcastle by Hylton Ferry Boat.' "
Thanks were voted to Mr. Robinson.

KEPRINTING OF PROCEEDINGS.

The chairman, at the request of some members, drew attention to the
contemplated reprinting, by subscription, of the only volume of the 1st
series of the Proceedings, and of the first volume of the 2nd series, at the
cost of about 10/- or 12/- each, and suggested that those members who
wanted the books should send their names to Mr. Blair, the editor, as
soon as possible, in order that the work of reprinting might be proceeded
with.

MISCELLANEA.

Local Extracts from Ancient Deeds, vol. iv. (continued from p. 116) :

[N'th'ld] A. 6897. Grant by Alan son of Elyas de Merdesfen, to
John de Reyndone, clerk, and Christian his wife, of a messuage and land
in Merdesfen, with the reversion of all the lands and tenements which
Elyas de Wyttone, and Constance his wife, the grantor's mother, held in

dower, of the grantor's inheritance expectant on the death of the said
Constance. Witnesses : Sir Hugh Gabion, sheriff of Northumberland,
Robert Bertrham, and John de Oggil, knights, and others (named).
Seal. [p. 95]

[N'thTd] A. 6927. Indenture being a grant by Roger Bertram, lord
of Mitford, to Sir William de Valencia, lord of Pembroke, for 1,000 marks,
of all the towns of Merdesfen, Calverdone, and Little Eland, with all bond-
men, cottagers, and rents of freemen, &c., reserving the advowsons of
churches and suits of tenants at his mills of Elaunde. Witnesses : Sirs
Guy de Rocheford, Roger de Clifford, Roger de Layburne, and others
(named), knights, and others (named). Seal of arms (Bertram), [p. 99]
[Kent] A. 7042. Confirmation by the king, to Roger Mar tell, of 10
librates of land in the manor of Sutton which he has of the gift of Baldwin
de Betun, earl of Albemarle, viz., 114a. land of the lordship of the said
earl in Est Sutton ; also two meadows (pratella) lying under the wood
called 'Heicumb' ; also various rents and services specified, from persona
named ; also the orchard of Est Sutton, and the abbve mentioned wood.
Witnesses : W [illiam] earl of Warenne, William Briwerr, Warin son of
Gerold, William de Ros, Hugh de Sanford, and others (named). Given
toy the hand of master Richard de Mariscis, archdeacon of Northumber-
land, at Durham, 3 September, 14 John. Portion of Great Seal, injured.
(Rotuli Chartarum, p. 187.) [p. 114]

[N'thTd] A. 7183. Grant by Henry de Wynton, lay brother (conver-
sus), to Sir William de Valence, in consideration of 140. of the mill of
Faltone with its suit, to hold to him, his heirs, and assigns from the feast
of St. Cuthbert in autumn, 41 Henry III, for thirteen years, as was con-
tained in the chirograph made between the said Henry and Roger Bertram
of the said mill, which chirograph, together with the King's confirmation,
he had delivered to the said Sir William, so that thereafter, neither he nor
his heirs should have any right in the said mill. Witnesses : Sir
Geoffrey Gacelin, Sir Imbert Guy, Richard, parson of Roubyri, and
others (named). Portion of Seal. [p. 131]

[N'thTd] A. 1205. Grant by Gilbert, son of Richard the cook of
Birtely, to Richard de Botteland, of all his land in Birtely, in return for
20 marks which Richard has paid to him in his great need. Witnesses :
Sirs Robert de Insula, Robert de Camhou, and Hugh de Herle ; and others
(named), [p. 133]

[N'thTd] A. 7485. Indenture of feoffment by Ralph, earl of Westmor-
land to Ralph Nevyll his eldest son and Edith his wife of the manor and
lordship of Bywelt, co. N'thTd, the manor and lordship of Bolbek in the
bishopric of Durham, together with the barony of the same lordships, the
manor and lordship of Assheford in ' le Peke,' co. Derby, the manor of
Alverton in Sherewode, co. Notts, the manors of Kirkebymoreshede,
Brauncedale, Ferndale, Gillernor, Faddemore, Buttrecrambe, Scrayng-
me, Cottyngham and Witton,two closes of pasture called Manthlome by
everley and the free farm (liberam fir mam) due from the abbot of Kirk-
all for the manors of Colynghamme and Berdesey, co. York, the manors
f Beasby with the soke, and Stowe by Deping with the free farm of
'rymesby, co. Lincoln, the manor of Caldcottes with the free farm of
le town of Ormesby, cos. Huntingdon, Norfolk, the manor of Talworth
ith the fee farm of Iden, Basyngstoke and Andover, cos. Surrey, Sussex,
.nd Hants, and all his manors with free farms in cos. Devon and Kent,
to hold the said Ralph and Edith, and the heirs of the body of the
said Ralph, with reversion in default to himself ; attornies to deliver
seisin, John Norton, Richard Baynbricc, Henry Cheyne and Richard
Pulley. Witnesses : George Lomley, lord de Lomley, Thomas de
Lomley his son and heir, William de Hilton, Ralph Bowes, William Eure,

156

and Edward Pikeryng, knights, and William Conyers of Hornby, esquire..
1 Sept. 7 Henry VII. Executed by ' Rauff erl of Vestmorland.' [p. 174]

[Durham] A. 9846. Indenture being an assignment, by William Pollard
to ' Elizabeth doghtyr of Hewe Lamplew at the tyme of esposelys
halowyd and made be twyx me and hyre at the kyrke dore of Seynt Olave
be syde the Abbey of Seynt Maryis of York ' of ' thre mesys ' in the town
of North Awkeland, co. Durham, on the west of the lane called ' Seynt
Anne Chare,' and seven ; borowagys ' and divers closes there, described;
to hold to her for life ' in the name of all hyre dower.' Yorke, [blank]
October, 16 Henry VI. English, [p. 469]

A book on Roman Roads in Britain has been recently published by
the S.P.C.K. The reviewer in the Athenaeum (Nov. 7, 1903, p. 620)
rightly points out as a warning to readers, that ' No evidence exists of a
Roman road from Newcastle to the Lower Coquet, or from Barnard-
castle to Binchester and to Bainbridge.' Perhaps the writer will favour
us with the sources for his statements.

The following are from ' Grants and Certificates of Arms ' in The
Genealogist (xx, 208 & 209) :

" Lashley* . . a General of the Scottish Army, 1640, who besieged
and took Durham and Newcastle. Or, on a bend Az. betw. two wolves'
heads couped ppr., three round buckles of the first. Crest A wolf's
head couped ppr. Add. MS. 4966.

Lawson, Thomas, of Little Usworth, co. Durham, and Robert Lawson,
of Rock, co. Northumberland, and to William, John, George, and
Rowland Lawson, all six being sons of William Lawson, of Little
Usworth, gent. Conf. by L. Dalton. Norroy, 28 Feb. 1558. Per pale
Arg. and Sa. a chev. counterchanged. Crest : Two arms counter em-
bowed, vested Erm., the hands ppr., supporting the Sun in its splendour
Or. Hart. MS. 1359."

* The well-known General Alexandei' Leslie of Balgonie, Fife.

FOUND IN CHOLLERTON CHURCHYARD,

18 inches long by 12 inches wide.
(See p. 103.)

3 2
?"

"o* >

~ M

157

PROCEEDINGS

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

3 SER., VOL. I. 1904. No. 19.

On Saturday, the eleventh day of June, 1904, a meeting of members
was called for the purpose of perambulating

THE TOWN WALLS OF NEWCASTLE.

A large and representative gathering met in the Castle at 2-30 p.m.
Amongst those present being Mr. William Boyd of North House,
Longbenton, Mr. S. Story Carr of Tynemouth, Mr. Thomas Matheson
and Mr. John Dowson of Morpeth, Mr. W. C. Forster of Newcastle, Mr. J.
R. Hogg of North Shields, Dr. Mason, Dr. and Mrs. Laws and Dr. and
Mrs. Allison of Newcastle, Mr. Wm. Richardson of Willington-on-Tyne,
Mr. W. W. Tomlinson of Whitley, Mr. E. R. Newbiggin, Mr. R. S. Nisbet,
Mr. Truttman, and Mr. J. Wright of Newcastle, and Mr. R. Blair (one
of the secretaries). Councillor David Adams, Mrs. Adams, and several
ladies joined in the perambulation.

The party was conducted by Mr. R. Oliver Heslop, M.A., F.S.A. (one
of the secretaries), who led the way to the basement of the keep and
gave a general account of the original wall circuit of the town. Accord-
ing to Bourne, he said, the entire circuit measured 2 miles 176 yards, but
Aubone, whom that author quotes, gives the distance as 2 miles 293
yards and 2 feet, a figure that would seem to be the result of minute and
accurate reckoning. But whatever the disparity in these authorities
the fact remains that a very large area was included in the fortified line
around the town. We must remember, too, that the walls enclosed not
only the bouses and streets of the inhabitants but large spaces besides,
occupied by fields, parks, and gardens. For these open places we are
indebted to the presence in Newcastle of the great monastic institutions
whose domains they were, and to these monasteries it may be ascribed
that Newcastle was fortified on a scale of such magnitude. For there
can be no doubt that these institutions would contribute largely to the
cost of constructing this effective defence of their possessions. These
religious orders, you will remember, included the Augustinians, whose
domain would be represented by the Carliol Croft ; the Grey Friars, on
whose ground stood what was at a later date known as ' the princely
mansion ' of Anderson Place, the Court of Charles I., during his residence
in Newcastle, and commonly said to be the only instance of a gentle-
man's mansion and park within a walled city. There was also the house
of the Nuns and its fields, commemorated in the present Nun Street and

158

Nun's Gate, and last there was the church and monastery of the Black
Friars with their adjacent stretch of gardens cut through in the con-
struction of the walls. The preservation of these great religious houses
with their extensive adjuncts of fields and gardens accounted for the
vast area included within the walls of our town. So striking was
this that Leland has told us that the walls of Newcastle exceeded in

magnificence those of any city in Britain,
and indeed those of most of the towns of
the Continent. The walls varied in thick-
ness, measurements at the base of various
parts being 6 feet 10 inches, 7 feet 2 in-
ches, and 8 feet 6 inches, the greater
thickness being naturally that of the more
vulnerable points. Besides its seven
great gates, and some four and twenty
intermediate towers the circuit of walls
was furnished, between the towers, with
many lofty turrets ; these were four-
square watch towers, or ' garrites' as they
are technically called, rising high above
the level of the wall and forming its most
picturesque feature. They were pierced
by a passage way on the level of the wall
platform ; access to the summit Vas gain-
ed by outside steps projecting from the
face of the turret and on the battlements
were inserted stone sentinels. Exam-
ples of these figures in possession of the
society were here pointed out, and were
examined with interest. The illustration
annexed is of one of these figures.

Continuing, Mr. Heslop read Bourne's description of these features :
' Between every one of these towers there were for the most part two
watch towers made square, with the effigies of men cut in stone upon the
tops of them, as though they were watching, and they were called
Garret, which had square holes over the walls to throw stones down.'*

The walls were Tampered on the inside, and their defence outwardly
was completed by a great ditch, twenty yards across and fifteen feet
deep. This extensive outer defence, commonly referred to as ' The
King's Dykes,' formed one of the great extramural features of old
Newcastle.

As to the date of the walls the statement that they were probably
begun in the time of William Rufus appeared to be due to a confusion
between work done on the castle walls and the erection of a town wall.
A very little consideration would suggest this period as much too early
for the construction of a town wall. There is a reference to the walls in
a grant by Edward I., dated 1280, wherein the king gave the friar
preachers the concession of a postern gate for access to their garden
beyond the wall, the new wall having cut their garden ground in two.
It has been alleged that because the grant speaks of a new wall (novuni
murum) there must have been an antecedent structure, presumably an
' old wall ' at this time, but it is by no means necessary to assume such
a thing. We constantly adopt the same expression, as in speaking of

Bourne Hist, of Neivcastle, p. 17

Proc. Soc. Antiq. Newc. 3 Ser. I.

To face page 158.

PLUMMER TOWER. CROFT STREET . Inner Face.
From a p':otograp i by Messrs. Thompson & Lee.

HAI.L OF THE SHU-WRIGHTS' COMPANY, over the Sallyport Gate
From a drawing by Mr. R. J. S. Bertram, by permission of Messrs. Thompson & 1-ee.

159

the New Bridge and New Bridge Street, New Road and New Cut, all of
which refer to entirely new works and are not necessarily understood to
imply the existence of older roads and structures on their sites. We
have thus the wall of Newcastle-upon-Tyne referred to in the year 1280
as then completed, and then known as the ' new wall.' No doubt the
entire circuit would be built in sections, as indeed its masonry shows,
and would occupy a considerable period of time throughout the later
years of the thirteenth century for its construction. We do know that
early in the fourteenth century the circumvallation of the town had
been completed. In 1299 a charter for the incorporation of Pandon with
Newcastle had been granted, and in 1307 the wall had been carried
round the newly acquired territory of the town.

Before proceeding to examine the walls themselves the siege o
Newcastle in 1644 was referred to. On that occasion the keep in which
they were assembled formed the dernier ressort of the besieged. But the
last occasion on which the town walls of Newcastle were put into a state
of defence was in the year 1745. In anticipation of the expedition led
by prince Charles Edward gates were built up with masonry, embrasures
were protected, and all was made ready for a siege. The pages of John
Wesley's journal afford a picture of the stir and commotion of the
mayor and the inhabitants in that time of tension. It was owing to
this disturbed condition of the town that the romantic flight of Mrs.
Scott from her house in Love Lane took place, followed by the birth of
her son William at Heworth. But for this, Pandon might have claimed
to be the birthplace of lord Stowell, as it had been the birthplace of the
elder brother John Scott, afterwards lord Eldon.

The party left the castle at the conclusion of Mr. Heslop's remarks,
following the line of the quay wall to Sandgate, where a pause was made
to indicate the site of Sandgate gate. Stones from the wall on the
quayside, it was pointed out, had been utilized for building St. Ann's
church in 1768. The probable position of Habkin tower was also indi-
cated as somewhere between Sandgate and the crest of the hill above.

At Wall Knoll tower, commonly called the Carpenter's tower from
its occupation by the fraternity of ship carpenters, also known as
Sallyport gate, a careful examination of the structure was made. ; Its
very grand and stately superstructure,' so described on its erection in
1716, containing the meeting hall of the fraternity, was found in a
miserable condition. Its interior was occupied by a foreign slipper
maker ; rough partitions divided the hall into several compartments,
and the materials of manufacture and the work in progress were littered
about in confusion. Two carved panels bearing the royal arms and the
arms of the company, respectively, were hung on partitions, quite un-
protected, as was an old iron-bound box belonging to the fraternity
which has on its top the inscription ' SHIPWRIGHTS,' and the date
' 1673,' with some ornaments, all formed of brass-headed nails. On
the walls were some old oil paintings equally neglected. Several of
the party examined the newel stair and doorway leading on to the
battlements on the west face of the tower.

Mr. Heslop pointed out the common mistake by which some of our
older historians had attributed a Roman origin to this site. The line
of the Roman Wall was just a little to the north of Sallyport gate ; and
in what used to be known as Stepney Lane a mile castle had stood on the
crest of the descent into Pandon Dene. This Roman Mile Castle would
thus be some fifty yards to the north, but descriptions given of it, a,s its

160

last vestiges were known, have been confounded with this extant
fourteenth century structure. If the line of the Roman Wall were
continued westward from the Mile Castle it would be found to come to a
point somewhere near the foot of the stairs now leading to the Manors
Railway Station. Thence it passed in front of the piazza of Jesus
hospital by Manor Chare and so westward. The town wall ran parallel
with the Roman line here, but on its southern side. It was also shown
that in the deep dene immediately below, filled up in the formation of
City Road in 1882, was the site of Paiidoii gate. Adjacent to it was the
Stockbridge, so called because the stream had been crossed at that
point by a bridge of wood, distinguished from the stone bridge by which
it was crossed at its lower extremity near its junction with the Tyne.
The name of Fishergate, applied to .the street immediately below,
indicated the character of the ancient thoroughfare, suggesting a stream
navigable by the tide to this point ; and a great calamity, which occurred
here in the year 1339, further showed the character and populousness
of ancient Pan don. The stream of Pan don burn was carried through
the town wall by a tunnel slightly to the west of old Pandon gate. In a
sudden spate, the tunnel, or passage, had become blocked, probably by
floating timber, hay, or other debris, and the water had accumulated
behind the wall in consequence, The wall, in fact, had become a huge
dam across the stream bed until the increasing waters burst their
obstacle, and rushed through the low-lying streets in a mighty deluge,
devastating everything in its track. A great breach was left in the town
wall six perches wide ; and ' 1 60 men with 7 priests and many women
were drowned.' This event had created a widespread interest ; for the
calamity was recorded far and wide by the chroniclers of the time.

Corner tower was the next point visited. Here the right angle turn
in the wall showed the junction made when Pandon became annexed to
Newcastle. Mr. Heslop's reference to Pandon as the site Ad murum
was here genially called in question by one of his auditors and alter-
native situations for the Saxon town were suggested. The conductor,
however, urged the claim of Pandon, which he hoped some day to make
good by sufficiently confirmatory evidence. Corner tower had really
been a turret or watch tower only, pierced with the usual passage way
for thoroughfare on the level of the platform of the walls. Its present
condition is deplorable, the upper courses of stone being loose and its
summit in a state of dilapidation.

Plummer tower, also known as Carliol tower, was next visited.
Once known as the Cutler's tower the building was occupied later by the
incorporated company of Masons, who in 1742 ref rented the street face
of the building with a somewhat elaborate elevation. The decorative
features of the stone work are now much weathered so that the appear-
ance of the front is that of decay. On its outer face, seen from the
Corporation stone yard, the masonry presents an excellent example of
the half round tower attached to the walls. This building will be near
the line of a new street projected from Market Street to Trafalgar
Street, and a strong opinion was expressed that it ought to be spared by
the city council, a rumour of its intended demolition having been heard.

From this point a wide break in the line of the walls occurs ; every
vestige having perished from Plummer tower to St. Andrew's church-
yard in Newgate Street. The walls adjacent to the churchyard have
been thinned to their inner face courses and used as basements for lofty
brick buildings facing the street line of Gallowgate. The site of New-
gate was indicated ; the face of a turret and its outside stair was seen
in the churchyard. The site of Andrew tower was marked by the gap

To face page 160.

PLUMMER TOWER FROM THE EAST.

In August, 1904.
l ; rotn a photograph l>y Messrs Thompson, & Lee, Newcastle.

PINK TOWER. (See page 161.)
Shortly before its demolition.

/.t

IP
1 3
I - h

^ M
l"

I 3

D. ?

5' w

161

in the wall now used as an extension of the churchyard. The face of the
wall was here scanned for indications of the breach made during the
siege of 1644, said to have been near to Black Bessy's tower. The
tradition was also referred to that gives this part of the wall as the
scene of the encounter between the Douglas and the Percy before the
battle of Otterburn. In the older ballads this is made the central
incident of events leading up to the battle itself, and it was hardly
necessary, the conductor observed, to remind members that the feat of
arms recorded in the stately pages of Froissart had their popular record
in the cycle of ballads relating to this event. So that in course of time
the historical battle of Otterburn developed by tradition, and by our
ballad literature, into the battle of Chevy Chase. It was the recital of
this later version, even when heard from the harsh throat of an itinerant
crowder, that so stirred the heart of sir Philip Sidney.

The splendid length of wall extending from the Darn Crook to West-
gate Street was now examined with the greatest interest from end to end.
Ever tower, once the meeting house of the companies of paviors,
colliers, and carriage men, was seen to be entirely absorbed in the
adjacent tannery, its windows and doors only appearing as part of the
wall face.

Mordon tower, immediately beyond, was entered and examined with
great interest ; wall and parapet appearing at full height, the bold
character of the cubical ashlar in the lower courses being a marked
feature. The watch tower adjacent is remarkably well preserved.

Between Mordon tower and Herber tower is the postern gate, now
walled up, by which the Black Friars, as shown by their charter of 1280,
obtained access to their garden in the Warden Close. By a second
charter, dated 1312, they obtained leave to construct a drawbridge five
feet wide across the moat outside the wall. The two dates may perhaps
indicate the period when the defence was being completed by the con-
struction of its great moat. There are actually two postern gates near
together here, one a very narrow doorway, the other five feet wide.
Either or both may have been original outlets.

Herber tower, hard by, is fortunately left in an almost perfect con-
dition. It is at present used as a blacksmith's shop and its preservation
has been happily ensured by the effort resulting in the negotiation of a
repairing lease on which it is held.

Durham tower though seen to be greatly neglected is, like Herber
tower, in an excellent state of preservation. The great stone canti-
levers projecting from its face give the appearance of the spokes of a
wheel. The same feature used to be seen at Pink tower, where pro-
jections like these were intended to support a bretische, or screen of
wood, as a protection to the defenders from missiles.

From Westgate members passed down Pink Lane, observing the wall
base in the Tyne Commissioners' yard left there to indicate the site of
the adjacent Gunnar tower. At Forth Street a portion of the wall was
seen in section as the way was continued to Clavering Place and on to
Hanover Square. Here a very fine piece of wall with parapets and
platform complete was seen. The position of the great breach made by
the Scots in the siege of 1644 was pointed out. The circumstance that
the mine by which it was effected had been the work of colliers from
Elswick, impressed for the purpose by the Scots' general, was commented
on. The position of White Friar tower on the verge of the precipitous
batik beyond was also indicated ; and here the party halted, having
completed their long]walk.

162

Mr. William Boyd of Longbenton, proposed a vote of thanks to Mr.
Heslop, expressing an earnest hope that means should be adopted to
preserve the splendid monuments of antiquity just seen. Their
present condition he considered to be disgraceful in its utter neglect of
the structure that had once given splendour to the town of Newcastle.
At a comparatively small cost very large portions of wall remaining
might be put into a condition to prevent further dilapidation and
preserve them to future generations as the prized possessions of the
city.

Mr. Councillor David Adams, in seconding the proposition, expressed
his concurrence with the remarks of Mr. Boyd, adding that he would
gladly, in his position as a councillor, support the spirit of care for all
such monuments of antiquity as they had seen. Their meeting to-day
would be abundantly successful if it tended to increase the interest
taken in our old town walls, and still more if it eventuated in measures
being adopted for their practical preservation.

Thus ended what had been a most interesting and successful gather-
ing.

NOTE. For an account of the Walls of Newcastle by the late Mr. Sheriton Holmes,
see Arch. Ael. xvin, p. 1, et seq. Separate copies of the paper may be had at the
Castle at I/- each.

MISCELLANEA.

FARES OF THE CHAIRMEN IN NEWCASTLE.

THE FARES to be taken by the CHAIRMEN of this town, for carrying
from any part of the town to any other part thereof, as assessed and
rated by the Justices of the Peace, at the General Quarter Sessions of
the Peace, held in and for the said Town and County, the 14th day of
April, 1790, viz. :

For carrying a person to any distance not exceeding 1100 s. d.

yards 6

Above 1100 yards, and not exceeding 1300 yards 9

Above 1300 yards, and not exceeding 2400 yards 1

The Chairmen are to stop as often as the person carried shall require,
so as they be not detained longer than ten minutes in a sixpenny fare,
nor more than twenty minutes in a Twelve-penny fare ; otherwise the
Chairmen may chuse whether they will be paid according to the above
rates for length of way, or according to the following rates for length
of time, viz. : s. d.

For any time not exceeding half an hour G

Above half an hour and not exceeding a whole hour 1

And so on in proportion.

N.B. From twelve o'clock at night, till six in the morning, in
winter, and five in summer, all fares to be double.

** * In case of misbehaviour of the Chairmen, observe the number
of the Chair, and apply at the Town Clerk's office.
[Then follows a list of distances.]

PLACES WHERE CHAIRMEN STAND WITH THEIR CHAIRS.

WILLIAM SEYMOUR, at the head of the Groat Market.

JOHN PEAL, a little above the High Bridge.

DAVID GRIFFITH, opposite the Nun-gate.

DANIEL STEWART, middle of the Groat Market.

1 ( From The Universal Cash Book, and a Newcastle Pocket Diary/
for 1792.)

163

TREWICK AND BELSAY.

Sir Arthur E. Middleton has kindly furnished the copy of the ancient
deed from his deed chest, from which this has been printed :
Parchment, Jan. 22, 1365, Thomas de Trewyk to others.

Sciant praesentes et futuri quod ego Thomas de Trewyk dedi con-
cessi et hoc praesenti carta mea confirmavi magistro Thomae de
ffarnylawe vicarius de Emyldon Roberto de Aukland vicarius de
Hertburn et Willielmo Broune capellano totum manerium meum de
Trewyk cum omnibus pertinentiis suis ac omnia alia terras et
tenementa mea in Villa de Trewyk et de Belsowe cum omnibus
comoditatibus ad praedicta manerium terras et tenementa qualiter-
cunque spectantur una cum molendino de Trewyk cnm secta 1 sua
habendum et tenendum totum praedictum manerium ac omnia alia
praedicta terras et tenementa cum omnibus suis pertinentiis una
cum molendino praedicto cum secta sua praedictis 'magistro Thome
Roberto et Willielmo heredibus et assignatis suis de capitalibus
dominis feodorum illorum per servicia inde debita et de jure con-
sueta imperpetuum et ego vero praedictus Thomas de Trewyk et
heredes mei totum praedictum manerium ac omnia terras et tene-
menta praedicta cum omnibus suis pertinentiis una cum molendino
praedicto cum secta sua praedictis magistro Thome Roberto et Willielmo
heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes homines Warantizabirnus
et imperpetuum defendemus In cujus rei testimonium huic cartae
meae sigillum meum apposui Hiis testibus Joh'ne de Walyngton,
Joh'e de ffarnylawe, Joh'e de Wotton, Joh'e de Kyllyngword minor 2
Will'o de Whytlawe et aliis Dat' apud Trewyk in die sancti Vincentii
martiris Anno dni millesimo tricentesimo sexagesimo quinto.

(See reproduction of deed facing this page.)

Sir Arthur E. Middleton has added the
following note ;

' Seal of green wax, in very good pre-
servation, is attached to the deed of St.
Vincent's day [22 Jan.] 1365, whereby
Thomas de Trewyk granted to Thomas de
ffarnylawe, 3 vicar of Emyldon, Robt. de
Aukland, 4 vicar of Hertburn, and Wm.
Broune chaplain his whole manor of
Trewyk and all other lands and tene-
ments in Trewyk and Belsowe.

' On the seal, in the word Trewyk, the
last letter but one is as it is shown. It
is more like an 'h' than a 'y.' It might
be an 'h,' for Trewyk. The 'S' for
' Sigillum ' is reversed, as shown. The
l>a,rs mid the circular figures that are
shown shaded in the arms, are slightly
rained above the plain of the rest of the
shield. The stars of six points, and the
muill crosses, are as put in the drawing.'

Molendinum de Trewyk cum secta sua, i.e., Trewick Mill with its suit. That is
tlie right, that the tenants of the manor must have their corn ground there.

2 Witnesses names are John de Wotton, which was an alias of Longwitton, and
perhaps for Witton, see Hodgson, vol. n ; John de Killingworth.

3 Thomas de ffarnylawe was vicar of Embleton. He entered circa 1362, resigned
1369, and became chancellor of York. See new Hist, of Xorthd., vol. ir, pp. 64-69.

' Robt. de Aukland, vicar of Hartburn. See Hodgson's Northd., vol. II, p. 296.

164

BEBWICK EXTRACTS FROM THE PATENT BOLLS.

1484, Sept. 15, Westminster. Revocation of the protection with
clause volumus, for one year, granted on 30 July by letters patent to
John Monke alias Munke of London, ' wexchaundeler,' staying on the
king's service in the company of the king's kinsman Henry, earl of
Northumberland, guardian of the east and middle marches of England
towards Scotland, and captain of the town and castle of Berwick, on
the safe custody, defence and victualling of the same, because he
delays in the city of London, as appears by certificate of John
Mathewe and William White, sheriffs. ( 1 Richard in, pt. 5, mem-
brane 1.) [p. 464]

1483, Feb. 26, Westminster. Grant, during pleasure, to the king's
servant Richard Draper, of the office of clerk of the works within the
town and castle of Berwick and wages of 12d. daily from the office of
chamberlain of the town and castle. By p.s. (2 Rich, in, pt. 2,
memb. 7.) [p. 511]

1485, March 8, Westminster. Grant, during pleasure, to the king's
servant George Porter, of the office of chief carpenter of the king's
town and castle of Berwick and \"2d. for his wages, viz., 141. 5s. from
the issues of the city of Norwich, and 41. from the issues of the town
of Ipswich yearly. By p.s. (Ibid., pt. 3, memb. 3.) [p. 541]

Scale a in. to i foot
MEDIEVAL GBAVE COVEB, COBSENSIDE CHURCH.

From a pencil drawing by the Rev. T. Stephens, vicar of Horsley. (Reproduced
from a copy in ink by Mr. Henry Clarke of North Shields.)

165

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES

OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE.

3 SER., V&L. I. 1904.

No. 20.

The first country meeting of the season was held on the eighth day of
July, 1 904, at

BAMBURGH.

Members and friends assembled at Belford railway station at 10-48
a.m. on the arrival there of the train leaving Newcastle at 9*35.
Carriages were in waiting to convey them to Bamburgh.

They drove direct to

ST. AID AN' S CHURCH,

'a good burly church of the time of Henry n.' On arriving at the
church the visitors were met by the Rev. C. Williams the vicar, who
shortly described the building, and pointed out the various objects of
interest in it, and also the double crypt under the chancel. The
' lowside ' window on the north side of the chancel, shown in the illus-
tration,* on paJge 166, walled up, has been recently opened out and filled
with painted glass in memory of the Rev. Canon Long, the late vicar.
They were also shown Grace Darling's monument in the churchyard,
designed by the late Mr. W. S. Hicks to replace the original monument
destroyed by a storm. The marble effigy of 1844 was so corroded by
the action of the weather that it was moved to the north transept of
the church in 1885, and has since been replaced by a copy in sandstone,
provided at the cost of the late lord Armstrong. This monument is
erected opposite to the west end of the church, and at a little distance to
the north of the spot where the heroine was buried. Her cottage, an ivy-
covered structure facing the churchyard, was pointed out by the vicar.

On the 1st April, 1900, a fire broke out in the tower of the church,
but beyond destroying practically the roof of the tower, no further
damage was done.

The Hon. and Rev. W. Ellis, vicar of Bothal, in moving a vote of
thanks to the vicar for his kind attention, remarked that one could read
the early history of Northumberland in the stones of that church,
architecturally it was quite as interesting as it was historically.

The vote was carried by acclamation. Mr. Williams responded.

In the * List of Inquisitions ad quod damnum ' of 9 Edward n
(Public Record Office, Lists and Indexes, No. xvn), is the following

* Kindly lent by the County History Committee.

166

entry, (p. 161): 'William Galoun to grant a messuage and land in
Bamborough to a chaplain in the church of St. Aidan there, retaining
lands in Emeldon and Wamdham.'

'LOWSIDE' WINDOW, ST. AIDAN'S CHURCH, HAMBURGH.

(See p. 165.)

Members then proceeded to the

CASTLE,

where they were met by Mr. Hart, the resident architect, who acted
as guide to the party, and fully described the buildings and the altera-
tions that had been made. He explained that the earliest stone work
in the courtyard was the keep. The stone of which the castle is built
is very soft. It was doubtful whether the facing in the keep was
original, and although of questionable date the doorway was very
curious. It was probably very early, but it was not supposed to be the
original one. The keep windows were inserted by Dr. Sharp, probably
about 1760,

167

Mr. Hart concluded by reading the following letter, addressed to one
of the secretaries, by Dr. Hodgkin :

' T am sorry that visitors coming will prevent my sharing, as I should
have liked to do, in the Society's visit to Bamburgh. When I was at
Battle Abbey a fortnight ago," I was much interested by finding that
oyster sht-lls have been extensively used in the building of one of the
towers (at the entrance). Most of them are in the mortar between the
stones, but here and there is one that has been apparently dabbed into
the flat face of the stone, like those in the north face of the keep at
Bamburgh. I suppose the attention of architects has been called to this,
to me, very puzzling phenomenon Possibly the analogy of Battle Abbey
may throw a little light on the question, though I am afraid the buildings
cannot have been contemporary,, as the gateway tower there is said to
date from 1338. Also, in the church at Battle (Transitional) there are
some capitals of columns which reminded me cf the one solitary carved
capital in the nave of Bamburgh church. If any of your party has a
kodak and could photograph this capital for me I should be glad to
send it to the very well-informed verger at that church for comparison
with the capitals there. Can you make any personal appeal to members
to exert themselves on behalf of the Excavation Fund, which, I am
afraid, is greatly languishing ? If we do not do the work ourselves we
must not complain if strangers, perhaps from Oxford or Cambridge,
come and ' take the bread out of our mouths.' '

The thanks of members were voted by acclamation to Mr. Hart on the
motion of Mr. C. B. P. Bosanquet.

At a former meeting of the society at Bamburgh the late Mr. Long-
staffe stated that contrary to expectations, as it was the seat of the
Saxon kings of Northumbria, not a trace of anything Saxon had been
found at Bamburgh. Since that time, however, one or two fragments
of pre-conquest work have turned up, in the shape of portions of a cross,
of which representations are given in the New County History of Northum-
berland (vol. i, p. 20).

In Warkworth's Chronicle (10 Camden Soc. publ. p. 38) there is the
following interesting note of the ' greet gonnes ' that were used in the
siege of the castle temrt. Edward iv. 'And than my Lorde lieutenant had
ordennede alle the Kinges greet gonnes that where charged at oons to
shute unto the said Castelle, Newe Castel the Kinges greet gonne, and
London the second gonne of irne ; the whiche betyde the place, that
stones of the walles flewe unto the see ; Dysyon, a brasin gonne of the
Kinges, smote thouroughe Si r Rauf Greys chamber oftentymes ; Edward
and Richard Bombartell, and other "of the Kinges ordennaunce, so
occupied by the ordennaunce of my said Lord, with men of armes and
archirs, wonne the castelle of Bamburg with asawte, mawgrey Sir Rauf
Grey, and tooke hym, and brought hym to the Kynge to Doncastre and
there was he execut.'

In 1894 an Ancient British burial ground was discovered amongst the
sandhills a little to the south of St. Oswald's gate, several graves being
uncovered and an urn found. A short account of what was found, by
Prof. McKenny Hughes of Cambridge, with illustrations by Miss
Hodgkin, appeared in the Daily Graphic for 31st August, 1894, p. 13.
Lord Armstrong has kindly promised to make enquiries as to the present
whereabouts of the urn, and to exhibit it at one of the meetings of the
society, that a record may be made of the discovery. *^j

When the castle and estate were sold to the late Lord Armstrong,
with the consent of the Charity Commissioners, he very liberally
signified to the chairman of the Crewe Trustees tho,t ho had no intention
of breaking his connexion with them, and offered to provide in the

168

altered building a room for the library, pictures, and other treasures
that were so highly valued by the trustees, and also two rooms for their
accommodation when they visited Bamburgh. The following illustra-
tion is of the bell tower at Bamburgh : the block has been lent by the
editor of the Newcastle Weekly Chronicle.

Both castle and church having been so fully described on the occasion
of former vieits of the society (Arch. Ael. xiv., 223 ; Proc. in., 393 and
396 ; vi., 187 ; and vin., 233, &c.), and also in the New County History
of Northumberland (vol. i.}, members are referred to the accounts of the
buildings in these publications for further information respecting them.

Members subsequently drove to Belford, and dined together at
5 o'clock, at the Blue Bell hotel, a very enjoyable outing thus most
auspiciously terminating. Most of the party left Belford station by the
G'20 p.m. express for the south.

169

BAMBUBGH (See p. 165).

The following are a few additional notes from various sources relating
to Bamburgh :

In ' a roll of parchment about 5 feet long,' dated London, 5 Dec.,
5 Edw. [2], one article is against Sir Henry de Beaumont. ' Another
article says that Lady Vescy got the King to give Bamborough Castle to
Henry de Beaumont ; that it is a regality ; and is to be taken from him.'
Hist. MSS. Comm., A p. to 6 Rep. p. 345a.

Thomas de Baumburgh, parson of the church of Embleton, to grant
messuages and land in Bamburgh and Fulbrigg in Bamburgh to a
chaplain in St. Aidan's church, Bamburgh, retaining messuages in
Bamburgh. ' Inquisitions ad quod damnum,' 6 Edward III. (Public
Record Office, Lists aud Indexes, xvn., p. 317).

The men of Bamborough to have a lease of the demesne lands of
Bamborough Castle for a term of years. Ibid. 8 Edw. III. (Ibid. p.
332).

In a letter of 15 March, 1596-7, dated from Newcastle, Sir John
Fortescue thus writes to Sir Robert Cecil : ' It hath pleased Almighty
God to call to his mercy Thomas Collingwood, late son of Sir Cuthbert
Collingwood, wherefore I must be an humble suitor for the wardship
and marriage of the son of the said Thomas Collingwood, for that both
Sir Cuthbert and he owe suit to the castle of Bamburgh. If it may
stand with your good liking to help me to the same wardship, I will
bestow 200 upon my good lord, your father, and you.' Hist. MSS.
Comm., Hatfield papers, VII., p. 115.

Bartram Dawson, a tailor and draper in the city of York, of which he
was made free in 1476, and was chamberlain in 1491, sheriff 1496-7, 'and
elected an alderman in 1507, by his will of 22 Ap., 1515, left ' to Baum-
burghe kyrke in Northumberlande a vestement wt. all thynges per-
teynyng, to the price of xxvjs. viijd.' He was a Northumbrian,
having been ' gotten & borne in the town of Warmedeii in the pariche of
Bamburght, & Cristened w'in the pariche churche of the same, havying
to his godfaders Ric' Craucester of the town of Craucester, gent', and
another, as owing to his accent it was believed he was a Scot, and was
therefore obliged in York to prove his nationality ; this was vouched for
by ' George th' abbot of the monastery of our Lady of Alnewyk, Sir

Rauf Gray of Chelvyngham , Sir Ric' Brown vycar of Heddon

Sir Robert Crofton M. of the towne of Bamburght, Sir Ric'

Davyson vycar of Ellyngham John Hall constable of the said

town of Bamburght,' and others. The curious document is printed in
full in Testamenta Eboracensia, vol. v., p. 61 (79 Surt. Soc. publ.)

Amongst those present were : The Hon. and Rev. W. Ellis, rector of
Bothal ; Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Lockhart, Mr. H. F. Lockhart, and Mr. L.
A. K. Lockhart, Hexham ; Mrs. Sandwell, Mr. R. S. Nisbet, Mr. T.
Matheson, Mrs. and Miss Oswald, Mr. and Mrs. W. Heatley, Mr., Mrs.,
and Miss Truttman, Newcastle ; Mr. and Mrs. John Dowson, Mrs.
Angus, Councillor and Mrs. Allon Burn, Morpeth ; Dr. Burman,
Alnwick ; Miss Newton, Chathill ; Mr. John Graham, Sacriston : Mr.
R. J. Semple, Darlington ; Mr. J. M. Moore, Harton ; Mr. J. C. Hodgson,
Alnwick; Mr., Mrs., and Miss Bosanquet, Rock; M*\ George Irving,
West Fell, Corbridge ; Mr. T. Williamson, and the Misses Williamson,
North Shields ; Mr. James Jobling, Morpeth ; Mr. R. Blair, Harton,
near South Shields, &c.

170

MISCELLANEA.

The fallowing is copied from the original document in the possession
of Mr. Ralph Nelson of Bishop Auckland, a member of the society :

IN THE FIRST FRUITS OFFICE.

ex d 19 Feb., 1762. p. W. H.

A Valor of the sev 1 Eccl'i'al Benefices in y e Co. of D m taken y e 26 th
of Henry y e 8 th by virtue of a certain very regular Commission directed
to sev 1 Com rs wherein inter alia is contained.

The Deanry of y e collegiate Ch. of Auckl d W m Strangeways, Clerk,
Dean there.

Value. The Site of a Mansion with Glebe Lands 20. The Rents
of Tenem ts in A d , Redworth, Fishburn, Lintsgreen, Woodhouses, &
Hamsterley 11. Tythes & Oblacons with o r Profits as Easter
Offerings &c. 70. In y e whole by y e year 101.

Then follow y e Outgoings viz. annually. s. d.

Fee Farm Rent to y e Bp 01010

To y c Archdeacon of D" 1 for Sinodales & Proxies . . 020

To P d Greathead (does not say for w l ) 4 13 4

To Wages of 6 Choristers each 53s. 4d 10

Tot' Outgoings 21 G 2

Clear . . 79 13 10

Hamsterley Preb.

Nicholas Lentall Preb r y there in y e whole annual value of Is. Od.
Preb. let to Farm with 66s. & Sd. yearly p d to lohn Thorp Lay Chanter
there 4 65. Sd.

Preb 5 Names. Value.

s. d.

1. Auckl d & Binchester 9 6 8

2. Second Prebend of A d 813 4

3. 1 st Preb. of Eldon 813 4

4. 2 nd 10

5. 3 rd Eldon 813 4

G. 4 th 813 4

7. Shildon 816 8

8. Witton ; 413 4

9. West A d 8

10. St. Helen A d

11. Hamsterley 468

79 16 8

Witton Preb. The Profits & Emolum ts of y e s d Preb. yearly w th !
66s. Sd. p d yearly to In Hodgson Lay Chanter 4 13 4^

Lanchester Deanry.

Scite of y e Mansion of y e s d Deanry Glebe Lands, Tythes of Corn
Hay Wool Lambs Calves Hogs Geese Chickens Easter Offerings &

o r small Oblations 40

[Endorsed : * Abstract of Return of Eccl'i'al Benefices in y e Co. of
D m w th K. Henry y e 8 th Com" &c. annexed, in 1 st Fruits Office.']

171

The following local notes are taken from the Calendar of Patent
Rolls, 1476-1485:

1476 Oct. 14, Westminster. Restitution of the temporalities of the
bishopric of Durham, with all issues from the time of voidance, to the
king's clerk Master William Dudley, whom the pope has appointed
bishop on the translation of Laurence, late bishop, and who has re-
nounced everything prejudicial to the king ar-d whose fealty the king
has taken. [Fcedera.] By K. (16 Edw. iv. pt. 2) [p. 2].

1476, Oct. 8, Westminster. Mandate to the escheator in the county
of York for the restitution of the temporalities of the archbishopric of
York to Laurence, late bishop of Durham, whom the pope has appointed
archbishop and who has renounced everything prejudicial to the crown
and whose fealty the king has taken. By K. [Fadera].

The like to the escheators in the following counties : Northumber-
land, Nottingham and Derby, Lincoln, Oxford, Middlesex, Gloucester
and the marches of Wales adjacent. The like to the Mayor of Kynges-
ton on- Hull. The like to the mayor of York.

Writ de intendendo in pursuance to the tenants.
(Ibid. Membrane 17), [pp. and 10.]

1477, Jan. 12, Westminster. Licence for the king's kinsman George
Nevyle, knight, lord Bergevenny, son and heir of Edward Nevyle, knight,
late lord Bergevenny and