A new chaenopsid fish, Emblemaria hyltoni, from Isla Roatán, Honduras

90.5
I

■70 FIELDIANA
Zoology

Published by Field Museum of Natural History

}\ddt ^t^^f

0.2
op. 3

Volume 70, No. 2 December 3, 1976

A New Chaenopsid Fish, Emblemaria hyltoni,
from Isla Roatan, Honduras1

ROBERT KARL JOHNSON

Associate Curator of Fishes

Field Museum of Natural history

and

DAVID W. GREENFIELD

Department of Biological Sciences

Northern Illinois University

and

Research associate. Division of Fishes

Field Museum of Natural History

ABSTRACT

A new chaenopsid blenny, Emblemaria hyltoni, is described from five male speci-
mens taken off Dixon Cove, Isla Roatan, Honduras. The remarkably prolonged,
filamentous first dorsal-fin spine, which in length exceeds two-thirds of the standard
length, distinguishes this species from all other species of Emblemaria. E. hyltoni
best agrees with E. caldwelli Stephens, 1970 and E. piratula Ginsburg and Reid,
1942, in the possession of only two obvious segmented pelvic-fin rays, but differs
from them in numerous other features. New material of E. caldwelli is reported
from Belize and new material of E. piratula is reported from off western Florida.

ABSTRACTO

Se describe una nueva especie de la familia Chaenopsidae, Emblemaria hyltoni, de
cinco especimenes colectados cerca de Dixon Cove, Isla Roatan, Honduras. E.
hyltoni se distingue de las otras especies del genero por su primera espina dorsal
notablemente prolongada, y su altura sobrepasando dos terceras de la longitud
estandar. E. hyltoni se asemeja a E. caldwelli Stephens 1970, y a E. piratula Gins-
burg y Reid 1942, por su aleta ventral con solamente dos obvios radios segmentos,
pero puede distinguerse de esas dos especias por otras caracteristicas. Tambien, se
reportan nuevos ejemplos de E. caldwelli desde la costa de Belize, y de E. piratula
desde la costa oeste de Florida.

'Contribution Number 530, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois
University.

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 76-24530

US ISSN 0015-0754 ...„♦.,,„ „,.*.,rU

lAfUliAL HISTORY SURVEY
Publication 1245 13 . m ^ NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY

FEB 1 0 1977

FEB 2 8 1977
LIBRARY

LIBRARY

14 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 70

INTRODUCTION
Among the fishes taken by the Miskito Coast Expedition (1975)
to Honduras and Nicaragua are five specimens of a previously un-
described chaenopsid blenny belonging to the genus Emblemaria
Jordan and Gilbert, 1883. Emblemaria is amphiamerican in distri-
bution and contains 12 recognized species, five in the eastern Pacific
and seven in the western Atlantic. None of the species is amphi-
american (Stephens 1963, 1970). The eastern Pacific species were
most recently reviewed by Stephens (1963) and the western Atlan-
tic species also by Stephens (1970). The Atlantic species of Emble-
maria may be divided into two groups on the basis of the number of
obvious, segmented pelvic-fin rays: (1) inE. piratula Ginsburg and
Reid, 1942, and m.E. caldwelli Stephens, 1970, the third soft pelvic-
fin ray is vestigial, so that only the first two soft rays are easily
visible; (2) in the remaining five western Atlantic species (as in all
of the eastern Pacific species ) the third soft pelvic-fin ray is normal
and easily visible (Stephens, 1963, 1970). The new species described
in this paper, E. hyltoni, agrees withE. caldwelli and E. piratula in
possessing only two obvious, segmented pelvic-fin rays. In this
paper we describe this form, known only from off Dixon Cove, Isla
Roatan, Honduras, and compare it with new material of E. caldwelli
from Belize andE. piratula from off western Florida.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Specimens recorded in this paper are deposited in the collections
of the California Academy of Sciences (CAS), San Francisco; Field
Museum of Natural History (FMNH), Chicago; Florida State
Museum, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville; University of
South Alabama (USA), Mobile; and National Museum of Natural
History (USNM), Washington, D. C.

Measurements were made to 0.1 mm. with needle-point dividers
except for the following measurements made to 0.01 mm. with an
ocular micrometer on a Wild M5 microscope: upper jaw length, eye
(fleshy orbit), snout length, bony interorbital width, caudal
peduncle depth, caudal peduncle length, length of terminal dorsal-
fin spine, length of anteriormost soft dorsal-fin ray, orbital cirrus
length, nasal cirrus length. Except for the use of the ocular micro-
meter for measuring very small distances, methods of taking counts
and measurements follow those of Stephens (1963, 1970). Snout
length includes the premaxillary. Lengths are given as the standard
length, S. L., in mm. Other measurements are reported as
thousandths of the S. L.

JOHNSON & GREENFIELD: CHAENOPSID FISH

15

Fig. 1. Cephalic laterosensory pores in three species of Emblemaria , A, C, E.
piratula, USA 2578, station 100-74, 19.0 mm. S.L. B and E, E. hyltoni, paratype,
FMNH 80413, 22.1 mm. S. L. D. E. caldwelli, FMNH 80414, 23.8 mm. S. L. Pore
series (see text) connected by heavily stippled bands. Pore abbreviations: MD,
mandibular series; POP, preopercular series, PT, posttemporal series; ST, supra-
temporal series; IFO, infraorbital series; SO, supraorbital series; CP, commissural
pore(s); AF, anterofrontal pore; NA, nasal pore. Other abbreviations: nc, nasal
cirrus; pn, posterior nostril, oc, orbital cirrus; do, dorsal origin. Drawing by R. K.
Johnson.

At least three competing systems of nomenclature are available
for the description of pores in the cephalic laterosensory system of
chaenopsids ( Smith- Vaniz and Palacio, 1974; Stephens, 1963, 1970).
None of these systems is completely applicable to the three species
of Emblemaria discussed in this paper, but rather than add to the
confusion by offering a fourth, independent nomenclatural scheme,
we have chosen to follow Smith-Vaniz and Palacio (1974) where
possible and Stephens (1970) where necessary. We recognize six
series of cephalic laterosensory pores and give individual names to
an additional three pores or sets of pores (fig. 1).

16 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 70

Mandibular (MD) series: a series of pores on the lower jaw begin-
ning with the pore nearest the dentary symphysis and terminating
with the pore just anterior to the quadrate-articular joint; four
pores are present in this series in all specimens examined.

Preopercular (POP) series: a series of pores distributed in a
strongly-curving arc along the main axis of the preopercle, from just
posterior to the fourth mandibular pore to a pore at or nearly at the
level of a horizontal line through the center of the eye; five pores are
present in this series in all specimens examined.

Posttemporal (PT) series: a series of pores distributed in a
strongly-curving arc from just above and anterior to the fifth (dor-
salmost) preopercular pore to just anterior to a lunate hollow in the
dorsal margin of the opercle; this series may correspond to either
the posttemporal or lateral supratemporal series described for
Acanthemblemaria by Smith- Vaniz and Palacio (1974), but only
one series of pores is present in this position in the three species of
Emblemaria discussed herein; four pores are present in this series
in all specimens examined.

Supratemporal (ST) series: a series of three pores distributed
around the base of the first dorsal-fin spine, one pore single and at
dorsal midline, the other pores paired, one on each side, posterior to
midline pore, and anterior or posterior to the base of the first dorsal-
fin spine. This series corresponds to the median predorsal supra-
temporal series of Smith- Vaniz and Palacio ( 1974).

Infraorbital (IFO) series: a series of six pores distributed as three
pores on each infraorbital bone; this series corresponds to the anter-
ior and posterior infraorbital series of Smith- Vaniz and Palacio
(1974).

Supraorbital (SO) series: a set of two pores on the orbital flange of
each frontal bone in all specimens examined.
The following pores or pore sets are given individual names.

Commissural (CP) pore(s): in E. caldwelli andE. hyltoni the com-
missural pore is single and centered on the dorsal midline just
posterior to the narrowest width of the interorbital region of the
frontals; in E. piratula there are three pores in this position, two
pores in lateral position, one on each frontal at the narrowest por-
tion of the interorbital area, and one pore in dorsal midline lying on
a transverse line connecting the posterior margin of each eye ( fig. 1 ).

Anterofrontal (AF) pores: a set of two pores, one on each side,
each pore over the anterior terminus of each frontal, at and just
medial to the posterior termination of the medial bony ridge on each

JOHNSON & GREENFIELD: CHAENOPSID FISH 17

nasal bone; neither Smith-Vaniz and Palacio (1974) nor Stephens
( 1970) provided names for these pores.

Nasal (NA) pores: a set of two pores, one on each side, each pore
at anteromedial terminus of each nasal bone, just anterior to the an-
terior nostril.

Except where indicated above or discussed below, all three
species dealt with in this paper are very similar in the pattern and
number of cephalic laterosensory pores. A valuable character in
separating E. hyltoni from E. caldwelli and E. piratula involves the
angle formed by the three supratemporal pores (figs. 1,4). This
angle was measured by arranging a specimen so that the plane de-
fined by the points at the center of each pore was parallel to the
plane of the drawing surface. The position of the three pores was
then traced onto paper using a camera lucida on a Wild M5 micro-
scope. The center of each pore was then connected to the center of
one or two other pores as shown in Figure 1, and the angle thereby
defined was measured with a protractor.

Emblemaria hyltoni n. sp. Figure 2. Filament blenny.

Holo type.— FMNH 80412, 22.9 mm. S.L., a male, collected with
Pro-noxfish ichthyocide in 30.5 m. of water on the vertical coral face
of the drop-off just outside the entrance to Dixon Cove, Isla Roatan,
Honduras, on May 4, 1975, by G. S. Glodek, D. W. Greenfield, T. A.
Greenfield, and R. K. Johnson.

Paratypes.— Four males, collected with the holotype, 20.4-22.1
mm. S. L. CAS 33511, 1 (20.4); FMNH 80413, 2 (20.7-22.1); USNM
214839,1(22.0).

Diagnosis.— A species of Emblemaria with 21-23 dorsal-fin
spines, 14-16 soft dorsal-fin rays, 2 anal-fin spines, 23 soft anal-fin
rays, and 14 pectoral-fin rays; third soft pelvic-fin ray vestigial
(only two obvious segmented rays); first (anteriormost) dorsal-fin
spine extremely prolonged and filamentous, length of first dorsal-
fin spine exceeding two-thirds of the S.L. (67.6-75.1 per cent S.L.);
lateral supratemporal pores posterior to transverse line through
dorsal-fin insertion. The combination of these characters dis-
tinguishes E. hyltoni from all other known species of Emblemaria.
Detailed comparisons of E. hyltoni withi?. caldwelli andE. piratula
follow the description of E. hyltoni.

Description. —Based on the holotype and four paratypes. Meris-
tic characters are presented in Table 1. Vertebrae 40-42 (41 in holo-
type). Morphometric data are presented in Table 2.

— i CO

>> col <t> cc cm .
5 n n

i, in oo n

o CO -H

Q

e

M i
-+- c ""■

>>

OB
05

—

2|

CM

—

—

"*•

DC

go

=1

CN

co

CC

CO

CO

Z 5 5

CO TT CO

CN.

co

o

CO

cn|

co

~

CO

eu

B

Oi

a

cn|

OC

CO

CO

°l

i

;

CMJ

P

i-! •

co est co uo

~\ ' ■

£ • •

CO N

U — C

C CO

.03

CO CO

C PS 3

25 £

es

CO

C

.2

<

'o

c

a

PQ

t/3

-en -a

co co . r

•I5 § J

18

-J3

&q

cm oo m t- oi

■ n t- ^r m h

<3> CO'-H'-ir-iOOCDCNinOOCNCN

00 ■ • • i H fl) 'f I , r-H r-H , ,

'-' l> CN CN (M ' ' ■ 00 00

— t>mc«3T}<oo«ooii~-

•^ n h h h oo » n

a n h h o oi ■-!

00 00 r-H CN rH

.2 «

o CO

CO

S

CO

J3

=5

CO

«

s

CO*

tj _

u

'3

3

CO

K)

co oi to m <-< o m cc

■^•omoo tt co is m h a

MNHNHCBCCNlOOOINn

i ■ ■ . h a m ! ,r-i^-i, ,

Oi CN r-H 00 ' ' ' CO CN ' ' O CT>

cccocoeoHX<cc»ooco[»f^

NHHHOOCDCJHTfCOCOHN

i -C

fiq

ta

N r-H

l 2

CN

co

1C

00

to

Tf

CO

^r

C^

eo

o

c^

i>

CO

CN

C

to

e»

CD

OC

00

co

CO

^

■^

^

OC

CO

CN

CN

tO

9

c

,H

CN

^

CM

oo

o

^\

t-

t»

o

c~

fc

«

«

■

r— *

05

•

•

OC

CO

1— 1

t~

•

•

•

•

to

CO

■*

c

CO

O

Oi

Oi

CO

OC

t>-

m

in

to

CO

OC

OC

^r

CN

r-l

lH

lH

CD

lO

•—<

rH

*

t»

t~

— i

CM

*— i

>— i

Tf

OC

t-

to

co co

S -C

4!

Rj

cE;

H N H H Oi CO •** CD r-H

t> cc co co r- c- -*r o m

OJ r-l i-H t-H . i-H T)< r-H CO t>

— — — — m -rf CO — — t> 00

ocNt-iot»inN05coooc-rj.coH

Oit>Tj<eo C3500 ^ o o

CN lH r-H r-H <J> O 00

C- CO CN . ." 00 00 .

■ ' <J> CN ' ' CO t» CD Tf
TfCDC-COCOCOCNCDC^aO

lONHrfht^HNCDIN

© —

r-H t>

rH O —

CO O r-l i-H i-H

•5 J3 45

J ■§ '%

"O "O "O
eo

O
>>

X CD

bort

c
o

,0.

1 w-fl

a>

S co 6

bo

§ 3

a

a J

.- c
be 3
C T3
CD CD

1 «

■ i

b — la -C

C -a co
•8 "9 J

s: fl fit

ifi 1 s

ts

a -j S o o o o _
-a £ ~ js -e .c js r= "

bctS
c bo
J 1

. CD
CO ^

2 a

■13 -H

5 « cDojaja^e-gEEcoco

CJ ,£.
CD CD
Oh Oh

DC bC

c a

be bo
c c

CD CD CD CD

CO

>-. CO

O 55

£

19

20

FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 70

FIG. 2. Emblemaria hyltoni, new species, holotype, FMNH 80412, 22.9 mm. S. L.
Drawing by R. K. Johnson.

Body elongate, compressed, greatest depth under bases of 8th to
12th dorsal-fin spines. Head small, dorsal profile rising steeply and
obliquely to anterodorsal margin of orbit, thereafter rising gently to
dorsal-fin insertion. Snout short, dorsal surface with two parallel
longitudinal bony ridges marking medial border of each nasal bone.
Nasals separated by a dorsomedial, shallow, trough-like depression.
Surface of head lacking spines, prominent sensory papillae, and
distinctive markings or ornamentation. Anterior nostril tubular,

JOHNSON & GREENFIELD: CHAENOPSID FISH

21

Fig. 3. Comparison of anterior portion of spinous dorsal fin in three species of
Emblemaria. A, E. piratula, USA 2578, station 100-74, 19.0 mm. S. L. B, E. cald-
welli, FMNH 80414, 21.7 mm. S. L. C,E. hyltoni, holotype, FMNH 80412, 22.9 mm.
S.L. Drawing by R. K. Johnson.

situated over anterior end of concavity containing nasal rosette;
concavity bounded medially by nasal bone and laterally by anterior
infraorbital bone. Posterior nostril pore-like, well-separated from
anterior nostril, situated over posteromedial boundary of nasal
concavity and just anterolateral to anterofrontal pore. Nasal cirrus
elongate but simple (fig. 2), arising from distal margin of posterior
wall of anterior nostril. Orbital cirrus elongate but simple (fig. 2),
nearly twice the length of nasal cirrus, arising from over eye just
anterior to midpoint of dorsal margin of eye. Tips of branchiostegal
rays extending dorsad above opercle and nearly to dorsal-fin spine
bases, separated by a vertical distance less than the diameter of eye
lens. Branchiostegal rays and membranes forming entire function-
al posterior border of gill covers.

Upper and lower jaws with fleshy, protuberant lips. Jaw teeth
numerous, small, apparently uniserial. Palatine teeth equal in size
to all but anteriormost premaxillary teeth (which are slightly
larger), uniserial, numbering 10 and 12 respectively in largest para-

22 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 70

type and holotype. Vomerine teeth exceedingly minute, difficult to
see, questionably numbering 5 and 2 respectively in largest para-
type and holotype.

Dorsal fin not markedly high and sail-like except for first two
spines (figs. 2,3). First dorsal-fin spine extremely prolonged and
filamentous, 67.6-75.1 per cent S.L. Second dorsal-fin spine much
prolonged, closely attached to first, slightly less than half its length
(28.4-36.7 per cent S.L.). All subsequent dorsal-fin spines less than
one-fifth the length of first. Bases of first three dorsal-fin spines
noticeably closer to each other than are bases of any subsequent
pairs. Interspace between bases of third and fourth spines greater
than interspace between bases of any subsequent pairs. Dorsal-fin
membrane between third and fourth spines incised nearly to body
(fig. 2). Other dorsal-fin spines gradually increasing in length until
13th to 15th spine, then gradually decreasing in length to last spine,
which is the shortest, and noticeably shorter than the first soft
dorsal-fin ray. Dorsal-fin soft rays gradually increasing in length
until fifth before last, then successively and markedly decreasing in
length. Ultimate soft ray the shortest dorsal-fin element.

Anal-fin spines invariably two, shorter and more slender than all
soft anal-fin rays except the last. Membranes of both dorsal and
anal fins slightly incised between successive elements, more pro-
nounced in anal fin. Last rays of dorsal and anal fins attached by a
membrane to caudal peduncle.

Pectoral fins markedly shorter than pelvic fins. Length of longest
pelvic-fin ray divided by length of longest pectoral-fin ray = 1.97-
2.26 (2.12 in holotype). Appressed pectoral fins not reaching be-
yond a vertical through base of 12th dorsal-fin spine. Appressed
pelvic fins reaching to or beyond base of second soft anal-fin ray.
Pores. - Mandibular, 4. Preopercular, 5. Posttemporal, 4. Supra-
temporal, 3. Infraorbital, 6. Supraorbital, 2. Commissural, 1. An-
terofrontal, 1. Nasal, 1. Number of pores given for each side except
for dorsomedial commissural and supratemporal series.

Color in alcohol. — Body light brown to tan, generally covered
with numerous, fine melanophores but melanophores much more
numerous on head and anterior trunk than on trunk posterior to
anal-fin origin. Few melanophores on caudal peduncle and caudal-
fin bases. Melanophores not notably concentrated into stripes, bars,
or blotches on head or body. First three dorsal-fin spines densely
pigmented with black, more-or-less arranged in bands on distal
half of first spine. Pectoral fins pigmented only at bases of rays.

ST

150
120

90

60-

JOHNSON & GREENFIELD: CHAENOPSID FISH 23

▲

A

A

A

o o

OAm>o°oo0 °

%:

L^XJ 1 1 L 1 1 1 I I I I I I ■ I i

15 20 25 29 SL(mm)

Fig. 4. Comparison of angle between supratemporal pores in three species olEm-
blemaria. Angle defined in Figure 1C, D, E. Ordinate: value of angle between
supratemporal pores in degrees. Abscissa: S. L. in mm. Closed triangles = E.
piratula. Open circles = E. caldwelli. Closed circles = E. hyltoni.

Pelvic fins pigmented at base and lightly along rays. Caudal-fin
membrane pigmented only on distal half.

Color in life (taken from 35 mm. Kodachrome of holotype).— Body
cream, overlaid with numerous, small, scattered melanophores con-
centrated into faint, irregular bars extending anteriorly from bases
of dorsal and anal-fin rays toward midline at an angle of 74°. Ventral
body surface from anus to isthmus darker than lateral surface,
with many closely set melanophores. Two longitudinal rows of
white spots about one-half diameter of pupil extending posteriad
from each side of head onto body: dorsolateral row adjacent to dor-
sal-fin base, consisting of 14 spots, extending from just below first
dorsal-fin spine to just below eighth soft dorsal-fin ray; midlateral
row consisting of seven spots, originating on posterior edge of pre-
opercle and extending posteriad along midlateral line to under base
of 20th dorsal-fin spine. A series of small, burnt-orange spots alter-
nating with white spots in dorsolateral row. A single, small, burnt-
orange spot between first and second white spots of midlateral row.
A larger white spot equal to three-fourths of pupil diameter directly

24 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOLUME 70

anterior to pectoral-fin base, preceded by a single, large, burnt-
orange spot. Head cream, overlaid with numerous, small, scattered
melanophores as on body. A series of six small white spots on pos-
terior edge of preopercle, dorsalmost also first white spot of dorso-
lateral row on body, and third spot (proceeding ventrally) also first
white spot of midlateral row on body. Operculum with burnt-orange
tinge at midline. Interorbital area, snout, upper and lower jaws
densely pigmented with numerous fine melanophores. A black ring
surrounding eye and connecting the densely pigmented areas. Pupil
black, iris yellow with scattered melanophores distally. Elongate
anterior portion of spinous dorsal fin black, crossed by 11 white
bars. Remaining dorsal-fin membranes black basally; distal mem-
brane between seventh and 15th spines clear with scattered melano-
phores, remainder of membrane black. Last seven dorsal-fin spines
and all soft dorsal-fin rays tipped with white. Anal fin black with
white margin. Basal half of caudal fin clear, distal half black.
Caudal-fin rays with white tips. Pectoral fin clear. Pelvic fins black
at base and on anterior edge, remainder of fin clear.

Sexually dimorphic characters. —All five specimens of E. hyltoni
exhibit a well-developed genital papilla and are therefore males
(Stephens, 1963). It is unfortunate that no female specimens are
available because the genus Emblemaria is noted for a high degree
of sexual dimorphism. For those characters known to be sexually
dimorphic in other species of Emblemaria ( morphometric charac-
ters), our comparisons of E. hyltoni withi?. caldwelli are limited to
male specimens of the latter species.

Etymology. —We are pleased to name this species for Nick Hyl-
ton, who donated his services as captain and crew of the yacht M/S
Miss Sabrina during the Miskito Coast Expedition, aided in field
work, saved the expedition at Brus Lagoon, will never forget Tru-
jillo, and without whose assistance the expedition would not have
been as successful.

DIAGNOSTIC COMPARISONS
The addition of Emblemaria hyltoni brings the total number of
recognized species of Emblemaria to 13, eight in the western Atlan-
tic and five in the eastern Pacific. Five of the Atlantic species (E.
atlantica Jordan and Evermann, E. biocellata Stephens, E. culmen-
sis Stephens, E. diphyodontis Stephens, E. pandionis Evermann
and Marsh) and all of the eastern Pacific species (see Stephens,
1963) may be distinguished from E. hyltoni by possession of a
normal, easily visible third soft pelvic-fin ray. The third soft pelvic-

JOHNSON & GREENFIELD: CHAENOPSID FISH 25

fin ray is vestigial and not readily observable in E. caldwelli, de-
scribed from 12 specimens from Jamaica and the Bahamas (Steph-
ens, 1970), and inE. piratula, described from 12 specimens from off
western Florida (Ginsburg, 1942).

E. piratula may be easily distinguished from E. caldwelli and E.
hyltoni as follows: dorsal-fin spines 18-19 ( 18-20 reported) vs. 21-23;
pectoral-fin rays 13 vs. 14; total dorsal + anal-fin rays 56-57 vs.
58-62; commissural pores 3 vs. 1 (fig. 1).

All three species differ in the form of the spinous dorsal fin (fig.
3), which is high and sail-like in E. piratula, and relatively low and
not markedly sail-like in E. caldwelli. E. hyltoni is unique in the
genus Emblemaria in the remarkable prolongation of the first and
second dorsal-fin spines and further differs from E. caldwelli and E.
piratula in exhibiting a noticeable gap between the bases of the first
three dorsal-fin spines and the rest of the spinous dorsal fin.

E. piratula and E. caldwelli differ from E. hyltoni in the place-
ment of the lateral supratemporal pores (figs. 1,4): distinctly anter-
ior to dorsal insertion's, distinctly posterior to dorsal insertion;
angle formed by line segments connecting each of the lateral supra-
temporal pores to the dorsomedial supratemporal pore 118°-164° vs.
79°-86°(fig.4).

E. caldwelli and E. hyltoni differ modally in counts of total dorsal-
fin rays, soft anal-fin rays, and total dorsal + anal-fin rays (table 1 ).
E. caldwelli differs from E. hyltoni in the following proportional
measurements (listed as thousandths of the S.L.): head width, 147-
175 vs. 131-147; interorbital width, 19-24 vs. 26-28; length of
longest pectoral-fin ray, 158-173 vs. 123-144; length of longest pel-
vic-fin ray, 213-264 vs. 267-306; length of first dorsal-fin spine, 151-
187 vs. 676-751; length of second dorsal-fin spine, 167-213 vs. 284-
367; length of last dorsal-fin spine, 46-78 vs. 84-101.

DISCUSSION
A brief inspection of the morphometric data given in Table 2
shows that the values reported by Stephens (1970) for certain char-
acters for the type series of E. caldwelli differ markedly from our
values for specimens from Belize. This is especially true in the case
of upper jaw length, eye diameter, snout length, and interorbital
width, in which the two sets of values differ without overlap, but is
also true in the case of several other characters. The values given for
the type series of E. caldwelli in Table 2 were provided by Stephens
(pers. comm.) at our request. This was necessary because, due to a

Eq

^ CD
CD -^

— — — X CM TT

lO t)> CO •<}• C- CO

CNlftOC — <M — CM X O -*

. — — • , , . , f~ ^H ^H

■ .— i as • ' a n « t» '

coo>a5!Ooct-inr-iotD!cax

O t- K C X CO O

t^TT^r — C- — — TTCT)

'-I'H-OCCDINtOsa)- ' (N

X X CO XX

« 05 f — — — CO O) — — iff N

CDTf-CMCOCDCM-«XCMCN

h h« (~ ,15 N n

C^ tT CO O CD

fh cd as .-H c~-

•— i . ffi fn or cr

a

co -<r

>>

CO CM

*j

CO
u

fc *°

CO

a

D

o

is

0> C! X X 0> <M CD OS -<r CD —

CDOCOCO ox x t as <M CO

NNH«t~010N1't-t--N i-H -* ©

— xc^Tt xx — — i-i

© OS O t~- (MX OS © ^ OS t^ D- —

C^CDiC^XOJCMOCDXCD'^,iCCDCOXCO-^r

E CO

ce "O

a> c

c CO

C CO

2 o

S -c

.2 -1-3

'■5 CO

*- co

D< ^

P £

co" a

K CD

t^ CO

t«jq

_3> « -f=, —

c c

5C3 3

C5C J=

"O "O "O

«- CT3t3 J M

S .p

— a> a> cd —
13 — — £ —

r- CO CB ~ U

O

ucucya^c-gSScococucp

C

os

CD

g

a

CO

cv>

c

I.

-4->

a

CO

c

CO

«

CO

0

1.

C

"ffl

/:
u

0

13

CO

I.

c
—

b£

C

0

c

—

js

—

c

X.
DO

03

i~

a>

t-

P

CO

L.

u

0

O

0

O

c

-=

-C

.£

—

"3

—

+J

-o

-*J

M

5

be

be

~

C

c

c

B

-p

.2 c

cd cd cd a>

_3 hJ J J O Z

26

JOHNSON & GREENFIELD: CHAENOPSID FISH 27

printing error, half of the values given in the original description
( Stephens, 1970, table 8) are obviously unuseable.

Stephens kindly made available to us two paratypes of E. cald-
welli (UF 13611, 24.8 mm. S.L., male; UF 13714, 22.1 mm. S.L.,
female) re-measured by us. Our values are compared with those of
Stephens in Table 3. Our values for these specimens agree very well
with those for the Belize specimens. This result eliminated our con-
cern about the conflicting morphometric data and about assigning
the Belize material toE. caldwelli.

We note that values for the angle formed by the supratemporal
pore series (UF 13611, 121°; UF 13714, 130°) in the two paratypes
are in perfect agreement with Belize material of E. caldwelli (fig. 4).
We also note that the correct dorsal-fin ray count for the female
paratype, UF 13714, is XXII + 14, not XXIII + 13, as reported by
Stephens (1970, p. 304).

COMPARATIVE MATERIAL EXAMINED

E. caldwelli. Paratypes. UF 13611 (1), UF 13714 (1).

E. caldwelli. Belize. A total of 49 (15.1-27.2) specimens from 12 collections. All
specimens from either Lighthouse Reef (2 collections, 16 specimens) or Glover's
Reef (10 collections, 33 specimens). FMNH 71118 (1), FMNH 71135 (3), FMNH
71137 (3), FMNH 71140 (1), FMNH 71152 (2), FMNH 77560 (7), FMNH 77561 (4),
FMNH 77562 (1), FMNH 77563 (3), FMNH 77564 (8), FMNH 77589 (8), FMNH
80414(8).

E. piratula. Florida. USA 01898, 23 miles SSE Navarre, Fla., otter trawl: 25 fms.,
July 29, 1975, (8); USA 2578, field number 100-74, 18 miles SE Pensacola, Fla., otter
trawl; 60 ft., August 5, 1974, ( 1 ).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We are indebted to the government of the Republic of Honduras
and especially to Lie. Humberto Caballero L., Director General de
Recursos Naturales Renovables, for granting permission to collect
fishes in Honduras. We are also indebted to the government of
Belize for granting permission to collect fish specimens. We are
grateful to Drs. C. R. Gilbert, R. L. Shipp, and J. S. Stephens, Jr.,
for the loan of valuable material. J. S. Stephens, Jr., further pro-
vided us with information onE. caldwelli and critically reviewed the
manuscript. Terry A. Greenfield and Garrett S. Glodek assisted in
the collection of specimens, in processing the collections, and in the
preparation of this paper. Ms. J. Glaser provided the photograph of
holotype. The Division of Photography, Field Museum of Natural
History, provided photographs of the line drawings. Nick Hylton
served as captain of the M/S Miss Sabrina and provided assistance

28 FIELDIANA: ZOOLOGY, VOl

and encouragement in the field. This pap€
results of the Miskito Coast Expedition (ivioj uu nuu«
Nicaragua, jointly sponsored by Field Museum of Natural History,
Chicago; Northern Illinois University, De Kalb; and the University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor. The expedition was supported in part by
grants from the Johnson Fund (number 1220) of the American
Philosophical Society (Philadelphia) and from the Wrigley Fund for
Marine Biological Research (administered by Field Museum) to
R. K. Johnson, and by a grant from the Graduate School, Northern
Illinois University to D. W. Greenfield.

REFERENCES

GlNSBURG, I.

1942. Seven new American fishes. J. Wash. Acad. Sci., 32 ( 12), pp. 364-370.

Smith-Vaniz, W. F. and F. J. Palacio
1974. Atlantic fishes of the genus Acanthemblemaria with description of three
new species and comments on the Pacific species (Clinidae: Chaenopsinae).
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 125(11), pp. 197-224.

Stephens, J. S., Jr.

1963. A revised classification of the blennioid fishes of the American family Chae-

nopsidae. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., 68, pp. 1-165.
1970. Seven new chaenopsid blennies from the western Atlantic. Copeia, 1970(2),

pp. 280-309.