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Full text of "A new pocket dictionary of the French and English languages : in two parts, 1. French and English, 2, English and French ; containing all the words in general use and authorized by the best writers ..."

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A NEW 
POCKET DICTIONARY 

OF THB 

FMSKCH AND E1VG1.ISH 

E2T T-^SrO PARTS. 

1. FRENCEi AND ENGLTSH.— ?. ENGLISH AMJ KKKNCH. 

COXTAINING 

ALL THE WORDS IN GENERAL USE, 

AND Al.'THORiZED BY THE BEST WRITERS. 

The several Pans of Speecli — Th(» senders of ilie French Nouns— The accenfs of the English Words 

for the use of Forei^'uers— An Al[ihabt^iical l,ist of the most usu.'il Cliristian and Proper 

iNanies ; and of Uie most remarkable places in the known World. 



BY THOMAS A^UGEJ^T. LL.D. 



THE FIFTH AMERICAN, FIIOH THE LAST LOXDOI? EDITIOK; 

With the Addition of the vew fVurds, inserted in Mnitanlirs and J,e Clere's last Edition of the 
National French Dictionary; llie Irreiiulnntirs nf the English Verbs and Noune; 
and a comprehensive View of the Provuncialion and Syntax of tlie « 
French Language. 



BY J. OUISEAIL Jl. M. 






PHILADELPHIA — R. W. POMEROY, 
Stereotyped by J. Harding. 



-^.0[^ - 



PREFACE. 



The rapid and increasing sale of this Dictionary leaving no doubt of its 
utility, neither trouble nor expense have been spared in this edition to de- 
serve a continuance of the public esteem. Sensible of such decided pre- 
ference, two different editors in Paris determined to profit by it. One of 
them, in an edition sold by Mr. Santin, copied literally this work, boldly 
assuming the name of the present editor. This was an injury, but not a 
direct insult. The other, in an edition for Mr. Theophilus Barrois, threat- 
ens with a prosecution any person who shall presume to pirate his manuscript. 
Manuscripty indeed ! whoever will be at the trouble to compare the two edi- 
tions, will find that editor to have been a minute copier of this present Dic- 
tionary. 

As to his asseveration of being the first who inserted the several irregu- 
larities in the Enghsh verbs and nouns — nothing, to use the softest expres- 
sion, was ever more groundless. He took them, word for word, from this 
work, in which they were inserted by the present editor more than twenty 
years ago, with the following paragraph in the preface: — *' This edition con- 
tains all the irregularities in the English language — a convenience which is 
not to be found in any other French and English Dictionary .'^--v 

Another paragraph was this: — *' Ladies at the head of sclfeols, and pri- 
vate governesses, will find their laudable wish fully satisfied, as the most scru- 
pulous care has been taken to expunge all improper expressions." It must, 
however, be granted, that the copier followed here his own plan, and re- 
placed with the strictest attention, all the rude and offensive words which 
the present editor had left, and continues to leave out. 

As to some articles which that editor added, they chiefly consist of obso- 
lete and uncouth expressions, which will for ever remain undisturbed, or 
of words minutely technical, which the present editor always avoided to 
insert, because a literary Dictionary can never be made an Encyclopsedia: 
otherwise, why not have added the whole series of words belonging to che- 
mistry, botany, painting, &c. &c.? All the chief words, either naval or mi- 
litary', with those of the several arts and sciences, used in general reading 
and conversation, are, and always were, in our Dictionary, according to the 
excellent plan of the French Academy and of Dr. Samuel Johnson. 

We hope that this moderate defence against an injurious encroachment 
will not be deemed improper here; and we finish with observing, that this 
edition continues to have the convenience of a clear and comprehensive 
view of the pronunciation, accidence, and syntax of the French language, with 
a pailicular Section on grammar in general. 

2052919 



OBSERVATIOXS 



I. "When polysyllables are spelt alike 
in both lang\iag-es, or are only altered 
at the last, or two last syllables, they 
will be found in tlie following manner: 
Abbrevia/Zon, f. — tion. AbominaZ//£- 
nicnl, ad. — bly. 

II. When several words of the same 
part of speech follow one another, 
the mark of the part of speech is only 
put after the first word, and answers 
to all the others. The same method 
has bvien foUjpfd with regard to the 
gender of tde Jt rench words. 

III. When a letter, or a syllable, 
such as e, re, ease, Sec. follows a French 
adjective, it is to show its feminine. 
As the adjectives ending in e, with- 
out accent, are always of both genders 
in French, they have no special mark 
in this Dictionary. Those that are 
quite irregular, are printed without 
abbreviation. 



IV. When you meet with a line 
thus: — , tliat begins a new article, it 
means the repetition of the preceding 
word, which generally has another sig- 
nification. 

V. AVhen there is but one meaning 
to an adverb, if there be near it an 
adjective of the same root, and with 
different significations, the adverb 
generally has them all. — Thus tendre- 
menf, ad. has all the meaning of ten- 
dre, a. This observation, which serves 
for several hundred adverbs and often 
for substantives, will he. of great ser- 
vice to young translators. 

\T. The frequent asterisks in the 
first part, show the following words 
to be Irregular; and such iiTCgularities 
are explained in the second part, iii 
looking for those words in their alpha- 
betical order. 



AN INTRODUCTION 

TO THE 

FRENCH GRAMMAR 

BY J. OUISEAU, A. M. 



We divide this Introduction into four Sections. The first exemplifies the principles of the 
French Pronunciation ; tiie second treats of Grammar in general ; the tliird presents a compre- 
liensive view of tiie several Parts of Speech in tiie FrencJi and Englisli languages ; the fourth 
contains the fundamental Rules of tli^ Frencli t-ynta.x. 

SECTION I. 

Of the French Provviiciaiion. 

The French aiphaliet consists of 25 letters, in 
the order of this Dictionary: a, 6, c, </, e, /, g, 
A, i, j, k, I, ?rt, 7?, o, p, q, r, s, t. «, v, x, y, z. 
They are divided, as in English, into vowds 
and consonants. 

;Some particular marks, called Accents, are 
essential to the orthography of the French 
words, and aflect their sounds. 

The acute accent (') is put upon e, and gives 
to it a slender and acute sound, nearly as a in 
ale, pale. Ex. He, bonte, gcncrosite. 

The grave accent ( ") is put chiefly upon e, a nd 



gives to it an open and grave sound, nearly as a 
in play, day. Ex. frcre, crime, chevre. 

'J he circumflex accer.t ( ) is put upon any 
vowel, and gives to it a brMAsound, just as the 
sound which distinguishes Wpfctoin hat, shaicl 
from shall. Ex. du pldtrc, vo'UMftes, les v'ttres, 
jc bru le. 

The apostrophe indicates the elision of a vow- 
el : as rdme for la dine ; I'arbre for le arbyf. 

The cedilla gives to the c the sound of #, be- 
fore a, o, u. Ex. il lanca, via l^on, novs re- 
Climes. 



SOUNDS OF THE VOWELS. 



Observe first. That the French letters s and z, 
when added to the substantives and adjectives 
to mark the plural number, serve likewise, m 
general, to Icngtlien the sj liable which precedes 
them. Ex. uu solddt, dcs soldats ; un effet, des 
cffets. 

Secondly, a vowel with a circumflex, is al 
ways broad; as, vous ctes drole; but vowels 
Open A ; sounded like o in shall 
Broad A ; sounded like a in shawl 
Slender E ; sounded like a in ale 

and so sound er, ez, and i 
in the final syllables > 
of verbs. ) 

Open E ; nearly like ay in may 



er ; ( : 

ez ; ^ I 

ai ; ( ( 



are often pronounced broad, although without 
a circumflex, as will appear in the following ta- 
bles. 

The vowels a, e, i, o, u, produce, by their 
combination witli other letters, many other sint- 
ple sounds, which we treat as vowels in the 
following order. 

Bague, cave, mascarade 
Platre, blame, rare 
Th6, caf6, felicit6 
Parler, danser, Jouer 
Vous parlez, dansez, joucz 
J'ai, je sais, il salt 
Regie, zele, caractere 



VI 



OpeaE, 



Broad E ; 

ai, aie ; 
ais, aix ; 

— ois ; 

oient ; 
elB, aits : 



Guttural E ; 



and so sound ai and ei in 
first and middle syllables ; et 
in final syllables; c, not ac- 
cented, but followed by two 
consonants, or a final c, /, I, 
r; oi in the impeifect and 
conditional tenses of verbs. 



I sounded nearly like e in there ; 

\ and so sound ai, aic, ais, aix ; 
•^ also ois and oient in the im- 
perfect and conditional tenses 
of verbs, likewise ets, aits, is. 



at the end of racnosyllables. > 
and in the composition of ' 
words, is sounded like c in ^ 
sister. ; 



eu, OBU, r 

eu. So sound nearly eu and au — 
eux,<| likewise eu, eux, eus, ceux, 
eus, and euse, but much graver. 
OBUX, euse, 1. 



J'aime, vaine, gramraaire 
Haleine, peine, enseigne 
Bonnet, bos<iuet, bracelet 
Toilette, sagesse, denteile 
Bee, chef, sel, enfer 
II parloit, il parleroit 

N. B. Wherever oi has the sound of e or t, 
many authors change oi into ai; Frangaii, .^it- 
glais, il parlait, &iC. 

Tempfete, tfete, conquete 
Maitre, aise, craie, futaie 
Jamais, desonnais, la paix 
Les Francois, les Anglois 
J'aimois, lis airaoient 
Sujets, regrets, presdu prt 
Succes, proces, ici pres 



Je, me. que, devenir, parvenir 



Peu a peu, jeune, le peuple, vocu — 
Jeune, honteux, je meurs, tu peui 
Oiufs, voeux, crease, heureuse 



Silent E ; givesafuU sound to a final consonant, 

which otherwise would be silent 
Slender I ; sounds like ee in sleep 
OpcnO; sounded like o in come; so 

au ; sounds au at the begiiming and end of 

polj'syllables 
Broad 6, O ; sounded like o in cold ; 

OS, ots, so sound the final syllables 

aux; OS, ots, aux ; likewise au in mono- 
syllables 
Slender U ; these vowels have no similar 

u ; sound in English ; ix sounds like u, 
but is a little longer 
Slender OU ; sounded like oo in cool 
Open na^al UN, UM ; no similar sound In 

English 
Open njisal OX, > „ , , . 

OM • ( "^^"F '•'^c "^ in tcont 
Broad nasal IX, something of the sound of 

ini, ein, in as pronounced in saint, 

ain, aim; pint 

Broad nasal .\X, something like an in 
am, en, em, tcant, warrant, but still 

ent, aon, aen, more nasal 



Sain, saine ; point, pointe ; charmant, chai 

mante ; m^decin, medecine 
Dislributif, par ici, visible, veritt 
Parole, mode, microscope 
Bateau, tableau, automate 

Aumone, apotre, anemone 
A propos, repos, mots, abricots 
Travaux, m6taux, un seau d'eau 

Perdu, vaincu, tumulte 
Je brule, tu bruies, il brule 

Bf aucoup, dessous, joujoux, amour 
Chacun, comniun, tribun, importun, parfuw 

Cordon, manchon, ballon, charbon 

Pompe, tronipe, surnom, interrompMjns 

Clavecin, chagiin, quinze, dindon 

Importun, timbre, le sein, les reins 

Romain, demain, la faim, un daira 

Sultan, tyran, chantre, rang 

Ambre, chambre, vengeance, printems, sou vent, 

paon, faon, la ville de Caen 
Sa<^ne (a river.) taon (agad-fly,) pron. S6ne, ton 



vii 



N. B. 1. When after morn follows an e mute in tlie same syllable, or another »i or » with a 
Towel in the following syllable, the sound ceases to be nasal. Ex. chacun, chachune; miduin, nU- 
iecine; fripon, friponne; baron, baronne; point, pointe. 

2. Ent is silent in the third person plural of verbs, but the preceding consonant has a very full 
lound. Ex. tin sautent ; Us dansent ; Us parlent ; Us mangent. 

SOUNDS OP THE DIPHTHONGS. 

Ezavtples. 
C'est un grand joueur 
Des routes boueuses 
Louise est 6blouissante 
Vous fetes tres-enrou6 
Jouet, souhait, il louoit 
II croit que c'est de la moelle de poisson 
lis louoient, je louois, des jouets 
Que les rois soient justes 
Tu jouas afin qu'il jou4t 
Ce rouage va tres mal 
Nousjouons; nouslouons 
II fait son joujou d'un babouin 
Je vis dans mon coin sans soin ni besom 
II vit en jouant ; la ville de Rouen 

Examples. 
A la lueur des 6toiIes 
Son front respectueut 
Donnez lui un biscuit 
Cette nu6e a remu6 vers le sud 
II remuoit ; un langage muet 
Je le saluois ; ils cherchoient des blueU 
II continua d'observer le nuage 
Tu continuas ; tu substituas 
Nous nous saluons ; nous continuonF 
Les liqueurs suintent en Juin 
II a I'air d'un chat-huant 

Examples. 
La chiourme forca de rames 
Les Confucius et les Fabius 
Adieu monsieur le rieur 
I'aime ces vieux messieurs 
Je me conflai a son amiti6 
Ma niece est vieille ; il ^tudioit 
Ils se fioient a ce niais, & je m'en d^fiois 
Un diademe orn6 de diamans 
Ratafia, galimatias 
Ce n6gociant est trop confiant 
Ses passions le font rugir comme un Hop 

Ce lien ne tient4 rien 

ic, e« ««««>,, » »...,..«» . -", Lemaintien d'un client; ^ 

Y, by itself, or at the beginning of a word, or Assis a I'ombre d'une yeuse, il y jouoit de la 
after a consonant, sounds sim ply like the vow- lyre 

y, not beginning a syllable, and followed by a Essayez vos crayons. Ce royaume ee loyal Les 
vowel, sounds u, and forms two distinct syl- passans sont joyeux 
tables. 



Formed from the Vowels. 


Oueu, 


ou andeu ; 


Oueux, 


ou eu; 


Ouj, 


ou i; 


Ou6 


ou 6; 


Ouet, ouait, ouoit, 


ou 6; 


Oi, oit, oe. 


o 5 ; 


Ouets, ouois, oaoient, 


ou 6; 


Ois, oient. 


ou 6: 


Ouas, ouat, 


ou 4; 


Oua, 


ou a open; 


Ouon, 


ou on; 


Ouin, 


ou in ; 


Oin,' 


o in; 


Ouan, ouen, 


ou an: 


Formed from the Vowels. 


Ueu, 


u andeu; 


Ueux, 


u eu ; 


Ui, 


u i; 


U6, 


u 6; 


Ue, net, uoit, 


u e: 


Uets, uois, uoient, 


u— 6; 


Ua, 


u a open ; 


Ua, uas. 


u a broad; 


Uon, 


u on; 


Uin, 


u ^in; 


Uant 


u an; 


Formed from 


the Vowels. 


Ion, 


\ and ou ; 


lu. 


i u; 


feu. 


i eu ; 


Icux, 


i eu; 


lai, 16, 


i 6; 


16, ioit. 


i 6; 


lois, ioient, W.s, 


i 6; 


la.^as. 


1 a open,- 


I h broad; 


Ian, 


i an; 


Ion,' 


i on; 


len, always in verbs, 




and in some nouns, 


i ain ; 


Jen, in nouns, i ain; 


and i an; 



le soutien d'un patient 



VUl 

Two dots over a vowel, called trema^ or diisre- Ce poiite a de la naivet6. Les vers lambes sooi 
*is, iodieate that those two vowels are not to sonores, Saul haissoil David, 
be pronounced in the same syllable. 

SOUNDS OF THE CONSONANTa 



Like 

B has two Bounds ; b, 

Somewhat between p and 6, 

C has three sounds ; before a, o, u, A, 



Before e, i, or with q s, 

In some words, nearly ff, 

L'h has two sounds ; sfi, 

Ch in many words, k, 

D has two s»iunds ; d, 

Before a vowel or /i mute, t, 

F has two sounds ; /, 

Generally before a vowel or A mute, v, 

G has three sounds ; before a, o, u, harsh g, 

Before e, i, j, 

[n some words, A-, 

Gu is generally iiiiuid, i'tja, ifnio^ 



ffJlJ, g^w, 



Sometimes noi liquid, 

H has two sounds ; aspirated, 
Not aspirated, 

K has one sound ; always as a harsh c, 

L has two sounds ; liquid, ^'^'fl? 5'-''-'i 

N«t liquid, /a, /«, /;, 

M has three sounds ; ?«, 

With the nasality of n. 

As in Englisl), gem, sUm, helm, 

N has three sounds ; naaal, 

open, 
As n m ten, fen, 

P tag one sound ; ^, 

(i has iliree sounds ; in dropping u, a, 

With u in its natural sound, cu, 

With u sounded ou, cou, 

R has one sound, r, 

Generally mum in nouns in tre before a 
consonant 

S has two sounds ; s, 

Generally between two vowels, :, 

T has two sounds ; t, 

In substantives in tion ; proper names, in ) 
Uen ; adjectives ic tial, tiel, tieuz, tien, > s, 
and their derivatives S 

V has one sound ; p, 

K. has four sounds : ks. 

As gs in the English word eg^s, gz, 

A hissing sound, as in hiss, as, 

Af in zea/, zephyr, 2 



Examples. 
Bon jour, mon bon ami 
II obiinl un pouvoir absolu 
Du ojnible des grandeurs on le culbuta dans un 

cachot 
Cedilie, citron, lanca, lecon, recu, 
La seconde fois ; une bccjisse &. une becassine 
Du chocoiat bieii cliaud; un cheval Aug ois 
La voix des bacchantes ; un echo 
Doiinez-nioi des diagees de Verdun 
Repondil a ce grand hoimne 
Jesuis frappo de ctlte faiale nouveile 
Neuf lioiiunes ; pei.dant ncuf ans 
Gusman de GoHzaie : dii gazon 
J'aiuiG 1«; giroile &. !e girigenibrc 
Suer sang it eau ; un long enirctien 
Les vigRobk's de la Bouigogne &. de la Cham 

pagne 
La gnomoniqne ; des uaux stagnantes 
Lb oherjjs sont h:\idis ; un esprii hargueui 
'Jii liomme hcureux &;^lu)iuieie 
Le Kail desTariarcs ; lasoudo est du kali buill 
Ce snifcii bnli.ant me blesse rail 
Aclihie altaquK la ville tie Troie 
Mei:cz moi cliez ma mere 
Jfe sais son iiom a-sd sou snrnom 
Sem, Jerusalem, Seliin, Epliraun 
Ce chien nc; j>reJid rien 
L'ennemi est ansianii 
L'amcur &. Thymen ; i! <iit amen a lout 
Le pauvre est eans pouvi ir &. sans pain 
Qualite vaut niieux que quantit6 
Une statue iqiiesire ; le quniluple de vingte 
Le veau marin est un quadrupede aquaiique 
Voire argent reslera sans interet 
Voire pere a un autre projet , 

Soyez sage & sarhez vons taire 
Voici une rose : j'ai perdu mon fuseau 
Souvent la traiiison a les dehors de ramiti* 
La patience est la portion du pauvre 
Les Empereurs Domitien &. Dioclelien 
Partial, essentiel, asiiLdtieux, impatient 
Veneznie voir Vendredi procliam 
Les coiifcuses taxenl le beau sexe 
Exigez qu'il vnus en df>ime I'exemple 
Soixante, Bruxelies, Cadix, Auxerre 
Deux oeufs &: s-ix amandej 



Les douze sigiico du zodaique 
Je suis de Metz, & lui de Khodez 



Z haa two sounds ; 

When a final, 

N. B. The consonants c, /, ^, r, are commonly sounded at the end of words ; but the other con- 
sonants are almost always silent, unless they are joined to a final e mute ; as saint, sainte; pru- 
dent, prudcnte; JLouis, Liouise; Romain, Romaine; petit, petite. 
OF THE UNION OF WORDS. 

The rule generally given, that a word ending nouncing the final consonants of the verbs; j'a- 



witli a consonant should be joined to a word be- 
ginning with a vowel, is absolutely erroneous, 
and leads to a heavy aflected manner of pro- 
nouncing. It is true that in reading verses, and 
m public speeches, consonants are oftener and 
more strongly sounded before a vowel ; either 
to preserve the measure of the verse, or to give 
a quicker impulsion to the air, and be heard at 
a greater distance. But in conversation, and in 
familiar reading,nothing is more carefully avoid- 
ed by all unaflected people. 

However, as there are many cases in whicli 
the consonants must be joined to the vowels, we 
sliall endeavour to give a clear rule, with its mo- 
difications, for the direction of Foreigners. 

1. Let us observe that the consonants c,/, I, r, 
few words excepted, are always joined to the 
next vowel of any word which follows them. 

2. Tlie same remark stands good for any 
ether consonant that, by custom, is pronounced 
full at the end of some particular words ; which 
for the most part are ancient and modern /o- 
reign nd^mGS. Thus in the words Venus, Bac- 
chus, Memphis, Jlbraham, &c. the final conso- 
nants keep their /ttW and natural sound, eitlier 
before a consonant or a vowel ; therefore pro- 
nounce Venus aimable, Venus blessee, Bac- 
chus endormi, Abraham obeiasant, &c. in sound- 
ing fully the final consonants. 

3. The verbs are never joined by unafiTected 
speakers,to the word which follows them, unless 
tiiat word be their pronoun conjunctive, the in- 
determinate pronoun on., or the supplying pro- 
nouns y and en; which three last always sound 
before and after verbs. — Thus read without pro- 

N. B. The letters to be joined to the next vow- 
els, have approaches (^-') 
Les arbres de mon all6e ; 

The trees of my alley. 

Lcs &, des annoncent le pluriel ; mon & ton 
expriraent la possession. 



vois eavie; il parut accable, nous parlames a 
Antoine. — But, sound the final consonant, both 
of the verbs and pronouns, (according as they 
meet either before or after one another) in such 
constructions as these; allonsy; m'attend-on? 

Donnez-en? en-avez-vous? On-en-aura; vous ai 

mez ma sceur ; & elle vous aime. Parut-il acca- 

bl6 1 Je ne puis qu'y faire, dit-elle. 

4. However, one may sometimes sound, but 
always very gently,the final consonant of a verb 
before the infinitive avoir and elrc. Jlfaut avoir; 
on doit etre. ^~' 

5. The t of est and sont from the verb etre, 
sounds before any vowel. Jl est adroit; elles 

sont aimablcs ^~' 

6. Tlie t of the conjunction et (and) is always 
silent. 

7. The final n in nasal sounds is never to he 
joined to the next vowel, except in these four 
words; un, on, bicv, rien; and in masculine 
adjectives ending in n, when Ihey precede their 
substantives beginning with a vowel ; as, mon 
bon ami ; j'ai son argent ; donne moi ton epee. 

8. S and x, joining a vowel, take the somid of 
z; d of t; g of k; and / the sound of v. 

These observations being premised, wc may 
now offer tlie general rule. 

The final consonant of a word, (especially v, 
s, t, X, and 2) is sounded before a vowel, when- 
ever ihe first word necessarily affects the second, 
that is, either deierniines, qualifies, or modifies 
its signification; such as, an article and its noun, 
a preposition and its case, &.c. &c. witli the ex- 
ceptions above mention«!d. 
References to the foregoing observations and 
to the general rule. 

Les and vwn, as articles, modify the words 
arbres and allee; therefore, by the general rule, 
the s and it are sniindi d. 

Tlies in its and (/f.*, and the win mon and ton, 
are silent before the in;xt vowels, because lea 



Tlie vDcrds Ics and des show the plural num- 
ber; the '.cords mon and ton announce posses- 
sion. 
Les y &. les en soat d' un grand usage en Francois. 

The pronouns y and en are of great use in 
French. 
Vo'u imitez voa freres; & nous aussi, nous 

les iraitons. 

You imitate your brothers; and we also imi- 
tate them. 

Un avis important, 

Un imponant avis ; 

An important advice. 



Whenever some words will appear to contra- 
dict the general rule, let them be examined with 
care, and the reader will easily perceive that 
such licenses are taken to avoid either an am- 

OF THE GUTTURAL VOWEL e. 



aes, mon, and ton, are taken abstractedly, and 
do not ad'ect tlie next word witJi their right of 
articles. 

Hercs is pronounced before y and en, because 
les, as article plural to y and ew, determines tho 
extent of tlieir siguiticaiion — d is sounded before 
usage, because grand qualifies usage. 

Here the a- of vous sounds before imitez, because 
it determines imitez, being its conjunctive pro- 
noun. The s of nous is silent before aussi, be- 
cause it does not adect it, but a farther word 
imitons, the conjunctive pronoun of vvliich it is 
Tlie 5 of les is sounded before imitons, by the 
second paragraph of the third observation. 

The n of un is sounded by the seventh obser- 
vation. The s of avis is silent before important, 
because avis does not qualify important, but is 
qualified by it. The t of important, sounds be- 
fore avis, "because important alfects avis by 
qualifying it. 

biguity or a harsli sound ; because, as says M. 
I'abbe d'Olivet, the Frencli prefer an irreguJarity 
to a discordant sound. 



The French have tvvoe's not accented, as has 
been already seen in the table of the vowels. 
One of them is always silent, and only serves 
(as far as relates to pionunciaiion) to lengthen 
the syllable which precedes it; as, un grand 
point; une grande pointe. Un medecin 
medecine. 

Tlie other unaccented e has a sound of its own, 
which coming from the throat, as in the English 
words daughter, sister, gives to it the name of 
guttural e. 

That e is sometimes pronounced, and some- 
times not ; and in this consists a great ditticuity 
for foreigners, who alwa^'s pronouncing it full, 
are long before they are able to follow a French 
conversation, and thence are inclined to believe 
that the French spyak much fastei than anyothcr 
nation. The truth is, that the French, taking 
them in general, do not speak faster than other 
people, but in conversation, and in familiar read 



tention to the following remarics will remove 
every difficulty. 

When a guttural e ends a second syllable, it 
is not pronounced ; and this is effected in the 
following manner ; the first syllable joins the 
une consonant of the second, and the e thus unsup- 
ported, remains silent: Ejc. (iuand vous se- 
rez le luftnie, vous nie trouverez le meme. "" 

This sentence contains thirteen syllables in 
prose : Quand voiw se rez le meme vous me trou 
ve rez le meme. In verse, mime would be divid- 
ed into two syllables. 

In familiar reading, and in conversation, it 
only contains eight syllables : Quand vouss rei 
memr, vousm trouv rel mem. 

Observe, 1. If the guttural e of the second 
syllable is either preceded or followed by a diph- 
thong or a vowel compounded of ttvo lettersjsnch 
asau, ei,ou,Se.c. thee must then be^en£/y heard; 



iiig, they drop the guttural e, as often as they can such we mark m the following examples with 
do it, and thus go quicker through a sentence an asterisk(*). 



2. The consonant of an e guttural, cannot be 
joined to a syllable ending in e mute. 

3. When you drop an e guttural, let the junc- 
tion bo very smooth, and try to avoid a jerking 
harsh sound. 

In order to apply the preceding observations, we give here some lines of which the c's which 
follow the approaches, are not to be pronounced. 



than does a foreigner, who gives a full guttural 
sound to every e he meets with. 

In tliis consists much of the neatness and ele- 
gance of a good French accent, and a little at- 



Je me rendis le jour suivant cliez le Comte / went the next day to the Count of Olivarez 
^ ^^ -^ before the rising of the sun. 

d'Olivarez, avant le lever de I'aurore. 



You will become the confidant if that Lord; 
should not you like it ? 



It IS what I 
shall. 



not wish at all^ nor ever 



Vous deviendrez ie confident de ce seigneur ; 
aimeriez-vos a le devenir 1 

C'est ce que je ne souhaite pas du tout, et ce 
que je ne souhaiterai jamais. 

Jc ne pus m'empficher de rire de la sotte va- 
nity de mon secretaire, et cependant, je !e lais- 

sai faire. ^ 

Cette guerre devint le sujct de toutes les me- 
sures de I'Espagne. ~~' * "^ 

Je ne puis nie rappel'.er le souvenir de cette 

ville, sans maudire les trois quarts et denii de 
«es habitans. ^ "^ 

e ne uie plains pas de vous, r6 pond it le bon 

vieillard ; je vous la dirai ni6nie, c'est 

a regret que je ine vois dans le necessite de 

vous nianquer de patole, Sc jc vous conjure de 
me le pardoiuier.""' '-^ 

^ A COLLECTION OF TliOSE SOUNDS 

JVlilch Foniirners find difficult to be pronounced. 

II y a plus de vignobles en Bourgogne qu'en divisibilit6 de la inatiere nous donne rid6e de 
Bretagne. Co procede est ignoniiuieux et in- rinfiiiite & de I'eternite. • 

digue d'un Espagnoi. Essayez de me Irouver L'eleclricite etoit inconnue a rantiquit6. 
un petit epagiieul, semblablc a celui de voire La felicity accompagne plus souvent la m6di- 
fillo. Un ui;:i pasteur veille saas cesse sur sos ocrite que la superiority. 



I could not help laughing at the foolish va 
nity of my secretary, but I did not however op 
pose him 



That war became the sitbject of all the mea- 
sures of Spain. 

I cannot call that town to my remembrance^ 
without cursing nineteen of its inhabitants out 
of twenty. 

I do not complain of you, replied the good old 
man ; I even confess it to you, it is with regret J 
see myself in the necessity of breaking my word 
with you ; and I beg of you to forgive it to me. 



ouailles. 

Meitfcz dans ce bouillon des feuilies de certe- 
uil &. d'osc'ilie, Sc joigiiez y une goiisse d'ail. J'ai 
passe une lieure dans le Mail, a faire une pariie 
de quilles. Mon taiiJeur m'a dit que tons les 
grands seigneurs etoient alors en deuil a Ver- 
sailles. 

Je m'amnsai la veille de Noel a consid6rer 



Les artnees entreront mardi en eampagne. 
Marchez, rustres, marchez, ne vous endormez 
pas. C'est en forgeant que vous deviendrez for- 
geton. Formez niieux ces letties rondez et ces 
letires batardes, et ne barbouillfez pas taut de 
papier. Mon agent a mon argent, tinant a moi 
qui n'ai point d'argent, je n'ai pas besoin d'a- 
gent. Prononcez les deux R des mots erreur, 



une vieille Bourgnignone, qui jouoit de la vielle terreur, liorreur, irrito, terrible, erroime. 



tranquillement assise au solcil sur le seuil de sa 
porte. Essayez de bien prononcer I'amour & la 
mort; des citrouilles & des grenouilles ; un clii- 
onliargneux ; une abeille industrieuse. Ne b6- 
gayez pas en disant une anguille et une aiguil- 
le; 6gayant and 6gay6. 
On confond aouvenl la simplicit6 avec la stu 



Qnand un cordier cordant vout accorder sa 
corde. 

De sa corde a corder trois cordons il accorde; 

Mais, si I'un des cordons de la corde decorde, 

Le cordon, decordaiit fait d^corder la corde. 

La compassion est une aftcction tendre. Les 
factions desolent cette nation. L'ambition est 



pidit<i,&. la regularity avec la singularit6. La une illusion qui conduit souvent a des actions 

criminelles. 



zu 

SECTION II 



Of Grammar in general 



GRAMMAR is the art of reading, speaJting, 
and writing a laiigua^e by rules 

There are nine parts of speech ; llie article ; 
the noun, or substantive; tlie ailjectivt*, or ad- 
noun ; tlie pronoun ; the verb ; the adverb ; tiie 
preposition ; the conjunction ; and the interjec- 
tion. 

1. The article declares a noun, and deter- 
mines the extei.'t of its signification. Hence ar- 
ticles are divided into definite, indefinite, and 
partitive. 

The word definite, in its literal acceptation, 
signifies sometiiing hniited icitkin a knoicn space 
— ^i'he word indefinite designs something icith- 
oiit knoicn litnits—'rUa word partitive means 
dinidin^r into parts. 

In English, the is definite— a or an, and like- 
wise some or any, \n the sense of wore or less, and 
tchatrver, are indefinite— ^omf, in the sense of a 
portion of, is partitive— 7Vtc milliner has sent 
me the hat wliitli I bouglit yesterday — ^-J milli- 
ner has shown to nie a hat of a new fashion- 
Here are fine oranges, will you liave any ? Yes, 
I will buy sowtc- Here is a fine orange, will you 
have any ? Yes, I will be obliged to you forsDWC. 
Give me some bread. Give me some apples. 

2. A substantive expresses the idea of any 
thing which we may t.)uch and see, or which 
we may conceive existing by itself — A table, l.'ie 
aun, Virtue anirt/cp, are siiijstantives. 

Substantivis may be divided into proper, com- 
mon and abstract nouns. 

A substantive prnpcr, strictly speaking, only 
belongs toonep:rs'»nor one thing, and names it 
—Shiik.^peare, t{,>nter; Shakspeare's Othello; 
Homer's Iliad. 

A substantive common lM;long3 to more than 
one obji'ct. Tree, bird, flower, oak, sparrow, 
pink, are substantives common. 

A substantive ahsimct expresses an object 
which is only conceived by the mind, without 
falling under any of the senses — Virtue, vice, 
ffiiod-nature, and peevishness, are substantives 
abstract; for, though we may know and see 
virtuous, viciiius, good-natured, and peevish 
men, we never saw virtur, vice, good-nature, 
and peevishness, but only conceive Iheni by the 
power of our mind, a<3 particular habits which 
render men virtuous or vicious, good-natured or 
peevish. 



Nouns may liave either a singular or a plural 
meaning, which grammarians ca 1 number— 
There are two numbers—the singular ai.d plural. 

Tile singular designs one — .in apple, a pen, a 
vian, are in the singular number. 

Tl\e plural designs many, or more than one — 
Two apples, ten pens, a hundred men, are all in 
the plural number. 

There are lour genders in English — Mascu- 
line, feminine, neuter, and conunon. 

Tiie masculine belongs to all males— j3 man, 
a horse, are masculine. 

The feminine belongs to all females— j3 uo 
man, a tigress, are femiinne. 

Tiie neuter in English belongs to inanimate 
objects— .5 table, a pen, are neuter. 

The common belongs to tlie order of males 
ami females— CA/W, chicken, thief, are of the 
common gender. 

3. An adjective or adnoun, expresses a parti- 
cular quality ascribed to a substantive — A good 
man, a bad man, a studious man, a lazy man— 
The words good, bad, studious, and lazy, ex- 
press the particular quality which belong to 
such or such a man. 

Adjectives, according to tlie extent of theit 
signification, take the name o( positive, compa- 
rative, and superlative. 

An adjective, in its natural state, is in the posi- 
tive degree— Sophia is studious andobliging. 

An adjective in a state either of increase, dimi- 
nution, or equality, is in the comparative degree 
—Hence comparatives are divided into compara- 
tives nf superiority, inferiority, and equality. 

A comparative of sufjeriority has for its sign, 
the word more, or an ending in er, equivalent 
to more — Cecilia is more studious, and wiser 
than her sister. 

A comparative of inferiority has for its sign, 
the word I'ss, followed by than, or the word so 
with a negation followed by as— You are less 
studious titan your brother. You are not so at- 
tentive as you used to be. 

The comparative of equality has for its sign, 
the word as, followed by a.s— She is as good- 
natured as her mother. 

An adjective in its most e.xtensive meaning, is 
in the superlative decree, and has for its sign ihc 
word most, or an ending in est, equivalent to 
mo3l— Your sister is the inosi prudent woman 1 



know. — He is ti^e proudest, and the most trifling 
man in London. 

4. A pronoun is a word whicli is used instead 
of a noun, to avoid a troublesome and unliarnio- 
nious repetition. 

Pronouns are divided into — Per.foval, posses- 
sive, demonstrative, relative, and indeterminate. 
—A complete list of all the pronouns is given in 
the following section ; our end liere is only to 
give definitions and explain them. 

Personal pronouns, as the word designs It ful- 
ly, represent the names of persons—/ was yes- 
terday with your sister ; she was speaking of 7/o?<, 
when your brother came up to us ; we convened 
with him, and he invited us to his house. 

l'o.ssessive pronouns denote possession or pro- 
perty— Your horse is stouter than mine, is a con- 
cise way of saying: the horse whieh you possess 
is stouttr than the horse which J jfossess. 

Demonstrative jironouns point out the objects 
of our observation or discourse, and clearly dis- 
tinguish them from any other object— 7V//s boy 
is more attentive than that girl. — These pens aie 
better than those. 

Relative pronouns show a reference to some 
substantives which either precede, or follow them. 
—The man who lives with me, and whom you 
know. The poji zchieh I cave to your brother. 
The grammar that 1 read. Which of these roses 
do you like best /—All pronouns, absolutely sjjeak- 
ing, have a relative signification, but irku, that, 
and which, are those which are properly called 
relative pronouns. 

The indeterminate or indefinite pronouns de- 
note their object in a general, vague, and uncer- 
tain manner — One cannot always be happy— 
Somcboily knocks at the door— 07<e and somebody 
dentuc no particular object, and so they are in- 
determinate. 

5. The subject or numinntire of a verb is the 
word which afiects the verb, and «letermines its 
person atsd number—/ read ; we love ; your sis- 
ter sings ; your brothers play. 

The object or ninmcn of a verb, is the word 
which receives its action— I know your brother ; 
he lo\ es you , he will sing a sovfr. 

A verb is a part of speech which signifies to 
he, to ilo, or tc suffer ; that is to say. the verb ex- 
presst-s either the nctunl state of persons and 
tilings, the actions which Ihiy do. or ihe ivjirri.- 
sions they receive — VVe an- free: hf l.eionns 
proud. We ;>ra/.<r candour : \ hate double de.Tl- 
ing. Tiiars ure dispistd ; viriuous men liave been 
fvmetimes^ vvriik. 

Hence tin- natural division of vcr) s into swi- 
ftmitire-^ active, and pa.s;firc verbs. 



A verb substantive denotes what kind of union 
subsists between a subject and its attribute. To 
be is the only real verb substantive — Your bro- 
ther is obedient ; your brother will be rich ; that 
laan is not sincere ; your brother icas not guilty. 

A veib active declares an action, doing, done, 
or to be done — I praise you ; we reprimanded 
him ; we will examine his conduct. 

A xexb passive expresses the impression of an 
action which an object is receiving, has receiv- 
ed, or will receive — He is haled ; your sister tea* 
praised; he will be reprimanded— licwQe it ap- 
pears, that the ditierent tenses of the veib to be, 
joined to a participle, form a xi^vh passive. 

Besides this general division, verbs receive the 
names of auxiliary or helping, reflected, recipro- 
cal, neuter, personal, drj'ective, regular, and »>• 
7egular. 

The verbs to be and to have, are called auxilia- 
ry or helping veibs, because they Jielp to conju- 
gate all other verbs in many tenses— 1 have dined ; 
jou are praised ; we will have sung ; he should 
be corrected. 

A verb nfiected is a verb active, the subject 
and object of which are the same— //c praises 
himself; I hurl myself; you wiW rum yourself. 

A verb reciprocal is a verb active, the subject 
and object of which are not the same ; but as in 
the refiected, they have a mutual action upon 
one another. Hence it follows tliat a verb rc«- 
procal is always in the jdural ntunber — Jf'elove 
one another : they write to one another. 

A verb neuter has no regimen— He /tW down ; 
she runs well. 

All verbs which maybe conjugattd with three 
persons in the singular, and three in ihe |)lural, 
are called personal— I write; thou writest ; he 
writes; we write ; yr write ; tlicy write. 

A verb impersonal is only C(»iijugaie(i with the 
pronoim //,, in the tJiird id-rson singular— /< rains; 
it will snow ; it concerns you. 

A verb difectivr rannot l'o through the usual 
variations ofother verbs— »/lA7//////..<, m< thought. 

A verb rrgulnr agrees with the uMial form;*- 
tion of V(!rbs— / praise ; I prai.-^f d ; I hare prais- 
ed ; I luve ; I lurid; / have lored. 

A verb irregvlir does not agree with the usual 
formation of verbs— / ^o. / wint, I have gone; I 
speak, I spoke, I have spoken- 

Verbs have moods, tenses., pei sons, and num 
hers. 

A mood is Ihe distinct manner of exprpssing 
the various powers of a verb— Thcfe are four 
modds: the infinitive, the indicntivc, the suh- 
junctivi, and the niipcrutivc. 



XIV 



The mood infiniticc declares the power of the 
verb io its most extensive sigaitication — it is pro- 
fitable, to study, to converse, and to reflect. Tlie 
wonls to study, to converse, and to reflect, set 
no limits to the ideas of study, conversation, and 
reflection, but leave theui iu a boundless signifi- 
cation. 

The mood indicative declares in a direct man- 
ner what a subject is, does, or suliers, without 
standing in need of a conjunction— Foa are 
happy; your sister has been, is, and will be loved 
by every body. I now read AnacharsLs, and 1 
icill soon jn-.ike an extract of it. 

The mood subjunctive, likewise called con- 
junctive and optative, cannot have a meaning 
without the help of a conjunction. Its literal 
meaning is a complete delinition; it is a mood 
dependant on a conjunction, either expressed or 
understood.— T/wu Of A the rich be powerful, they 
cannot avoid diseases, and bribe deaih. I wish* 
your brother may come in tuue, (* that is under- 
stood.) 

The mood imperative expresses a command, 
or a desire— y^ead your lesson. Sit down by me. 
J.,et him speak. Let us take a walk. 

All the objects of our tlioughts are either in a 
past, present, or future time— Hence verbs have 
three tenses, the present, the past, and the fu- 
ture, which remain sufficiently expressed by 
their literal denomination, without any other de- 
finition — / speak, I am speaking, is a present 
tense ; I spoke, I have spoken, is a past tense; / 
toUl speak, I will be speaking, is a future tense. 

Those three chief tenses are susceptible of su- 
bordinate divisions, as will be seen in tlie para- 
digm of conjugations. 

Verbs, like nouns, Jiave a singular and a plu- 
ral number. Each number has three persons ; 
/, thou, he, she, or a substantive for the singular : 
we, you, they, a substantive, or many substan- 
tives for the pluial — / read, thou readcst, he 
reals, Huphia reads ; we read, ye read, tfiey ready 
the boys read, Jilury and Jane read — Modern po- 
liteness will have, in writing and conversing, the 
second person plural used instead of the second 
person singular. 

6. The adverb is a word joined to a verb, to 
determme the extent of its signification— For 
example, if I say : you run, you study, you write; 
I only present to the hearer the ideas of motion, 
study, and writing-. But if I make use of ad- 
verbs, and say: you run fast; you study care- 
Leasly ; you write elegantly; the adverbs /a^f, 
carelessly, and elegantly, measure, as it were, the 



parts which arc taken out of the boundlcs? 
meaning, to run, to study, to write. 

An adverb is often formed of many words, 
and is then called an adnerb compound — You run 
with grace ; that is to say, gracefully. 

The same word may be taken adverbially in 
a sentence, and be a preposition in another — Vou 
walk after me, and you should run before me 
I will go before, if you promise to come after. 
In such curcumstances the adverb is easily dis- 
tinguished from the preposition ; for the latter 
has always a regimen, and the former has none 
Indeed, those adverbs in appearance, are real 
prepositions with the ellipsis of a regimen. 
Thus, in the preceding sentence, the complete 
sense is : I will go before you, if you promise to 
come after me. 

7. A preposition is an indeclinable word, put 
before a noun or a pronoun, to govern it, and 
show the relation it has to other parts of the 
sentence— I have lived near your house during 
three months, and I never had the pleasure of 
being in your company before this moment — 
Tile piepositions luar, during, in, before, con- 
nect the relations which vicinity, sociablenesa, 
and time have to one another. 

8. A conjunction is an indeclinable part of 
speech, which unites the dift'eroJit meanings of 
various words, or part of a sentence, into one 
general complete sense— 1 saw your father and 
mother yesterday, and neithcT he nor she would 
believe that you could read as well as your bro- 
ther ; but, though they are so hard to be persuad- 
ed, they will at length believe me, when they 
liear you read. 

9. An interjection is an indeclinable word 
which serves to declare joy, surprise, fear, grief, 
aversion, desire, and other sudden emotions of 
the mind, which no connected sentence could ex- 
l)ress — .lias ! dear mc '. bless us ! oh ! fy ! pshaw f 
zounds! and such like expressions, are called in- 
terjections. There are emotions of the mind 
so lively, and so very sudden, that every body 
wiU at that time make use of interjections ; but 
too frequent a use of them, iu a deliberate 
way of speaking, is a sure mark of ignorance 
atTtctalion, and a dearth of words. Hence we 
see that illiterate people abound most in inter- 
jecUons, and in that worst kind of them which 
is called swearing. 

VVe finish tnis section with observing, that in 
order to avoid repetitions, or an unharinonioua 
style, words necessary to the grammatical con 
suuction of a sentence ar^ often omitted ; and 



XV 

fhat omission is, by grammarians, called ellip- taken out of Jlilton's Paradise Lost, points out 
sui The asterisk, in the following examples, the ellips^is. 

O earth, how like to heaven *: (* thou art) 

Nor love thy life, nor hale *; but what thou livest, (* it) 

Live well ; how long, or short *, permit to heaven. (* it is to be) 

Greedily she ingorged * without restraint, (* the fruit) 

And knew not * eating death. (* that she was) 

Grace was in all her steps, heaven * in her eye, (* was) 

In every gesture * dignity and love ! (* were) 

The earth gave signs of gratulation, and each hill *; (*gave siffns of gratulation) 

Joyous ♦ the birds, (,* were) 

But who I was, or where *, or from what cause *, (* I was, I came) 

* Knew not : to speak I tried, and forthwith * spake. (* /, /) 
There are few compound sentences without an ellipsis; and as it may attach to any part or 
speech, it is very necessary, for the gramjnatical analysis of a sentence, to read it carefully, and ob- 
serve where the ellipsis takes place. 

SECTION m. 

A COMPREHENSIVE VIEW 

Of the several Parts of Speech in French and English. 

The chief end of tliis section is to present at one view, those words which occur in eveiy line of 
a book, and constitute at least one-third, and often the half of each sentence. Whoever will take 
the trouble of learning them well, (which may be done in a short time,) will very soon be able to 
read French books with ease and pleasure. 

We shall consider the parts of speech in the following order: Articles; accidents peculiar to 
Substantives and Adjectives; Pronoims; Verbs; Prepositions; Conjunctions; Adverbs, and In- 
terjections. 

Abbreviations used in the following Pages, 
ms. masculine singular fp feminine plural 

mp. masculine plural cs. masculine and feminine singular 

fs. feminine singular cp. masculine and feminine plural. 

N. B. For Definitions consult Section II. 

OF THE ARTICLES. 

Definite Article, masculine lingular, before a Consonant, or an h aspirated. 
Le, du, ou ; Le pere, du pere, au pere ; father 

the, of or from the,to the; liC h6ros, du h6ros, au h6ros ; hero 

Definite Article, feminine singular, before a Covsonant, or an h aspirated. 
La, de la, a la ; La nifre, de la nierp, :i la nic re ; mother 

the, of or from the, to the; La haiiie, de la haine, a la haine ; hatred 

Definite Article, singular, before a row/l, or av h vnitr.. 
I/, del', A I'; "L'aniour, do rninnur, a i'arpo'ir; lev* 

the, of or from the, to the; L'eiivic, de l>nvip, a I'envie; euvy 

The apostrophe stands for e before masculine L'homnie, do I'liDnmie, .i rhonnne ; man 
and for a before feminine nouns. L'heure, de I'licure, a flieure ; hour 

Definite Article, plural, before any Kovn. 
L«", des, aux ; Los fi's, des fi!s, aux fits ; sons 

the, of or from the, to the Les titles, des filles, nux filks ; davghtcrt 

Les amis, des amis, aux anils; friends 



Du, 

Au, 
Des, 

Aux, 



for 



dele 
a le 
de les 
a les 



Du, ms. 

Dela,p. 

HeV^cs. before avoro- 

el or h mute 
Des, cp. 
De, cs. and cp. before 

adjectives 
D', cs- and cp. before 

adjectives beginning 

with a vowel, or h 

mute 



some; any; apart 
of. 

N. B. Some is often 
understood in Eng- 
lish. 



Make always use of the contraction, and ne 
ver write or say : dc le, a le, de les, d les. 



Indefinite partitive. 

( Donnez-moi du pain ; give me some bread. 
II a de la viande : he has some meat. 
II a de r argent, & de Thuinanit^ ; he has money 

humanity. 
Elle a des tils & des filles ; sons, daiLghters. 
i J'ai de bon pain ; de bonne eau ; de bons amis; 
dc bonnes pomines ; I have good bread, water, 
friends, apples. 
II a d'excellent vin ; d'excellentespoirfes ; he has 
wine, pears. 



Proper J^ames are declined with the prepositions de and a. 
Les livres de Sophie ; j'ai parl6 a C6cile & a Einilie ; 

The books of Sophia. I have spoken to Cecilia and Emilia. 

Les Merits de Voltaire ; 11 6crivit a Marmontel, &. a Rousseau; 

The works of Voltaire. he wrote to Marmontel and Rousseau. 

Les rues de Paris & de Londres ; il deineure a Rome ; 

The streets of Paris and I^ondon. he lives at Rome. 

FORMATION OF THE PLURAL OF NOUNS 

je bon livre, les bons livrea ; look 



NOUNS, either adjective or substantive, form 
their plural by the addition of an s to the sin- 
gular. 

Observe 1st. Nouns ending in s, x, or r, in the 
singular, never change that termination. 



La bonne fille, les bonnes filles ; girl 



2. Nouns ending in ail and al, form their plu- 
ral by changing ail and al intoajtx. 



Le fils, les fils ; son 
La croix, les croix ; cross 
lie nez, les nez ; nose 
Le travail, lesiravaux ; work 
Le cheval, les chevaux ; horse 
Un 62al, des eganx ; equal 
3 Nouns ending in au, eu, ou, and ieu, require Le bateau, les bateaux ; le feu, les feui ; le bl 
an z in the plural. jou, les bijoux; le lieu, les lieux ; boat, fire, 

jewel, place 
4. Nouns of more than one syllable, ending in Un enfant ob6issant, des enfans ob^issans; obe- 
nt, are cnmmonly written without «, in the pin- dient thild; chiUren 
ral; but they always take .<?, according to the ge- Un serpent, des serpens ; serpent 
nerni rule. 

Monosyllables ending in nt, never lose their t, Une dent, des dents ; tooth, teeth 
in the plural. II est lent, ils sont lents ; slow 

JVouns which deviate from the preceding Rules, or which cannot be uniformly classed. 
Bleu, trou, cou, clou ; blue, hole, neck, nail 

Filou, fou,matou, hibou; sharper, madman, male cat, owl 

Mou, licou, loiip-garou ; soft, halter, hobgoblin 

Take s in the plural, contrary to the third ob- Tout has tOHS for its masculine pi. 10119 Im 



tcrcatum. 

Bal, camaval, pal, r^ca^, bocal ; and proper 
names in al, when used in th^ plural sense, take 
an f in tlu plural, contrary to the second obser- 
vation. 



hommes; all men 

Hull, carnival, pale in heraldry, a treat, a d»- 
canter — Le crand Annibal; les Annibals son! 
rares aujourd'hui ; such men as Hannibal art 
uncommon now. 



xvii 



Atlirai!) camail, detail ; Jlpparatvs, priest's cloak, particular 

Eveiitail, epouvantail, gouvernail ; Fan, scarecrow, helm 

Mail, portail, s6rail; form their plural in 8, Mall, larg-e gate of a church, seraglio 
contrary to the second observation. 

The following JVouna are quite irregular. 

Betail, 5. bestiaux, pi. cattle; ceil, s. yeux, pi. eye; aieul, s. grandfather; aieux, pi. ancestors; 
ciel, s. cieux, pi. heaven.; ail, s. aulx, pi. garlic; mon, ton, son, s. rues, tes, sos, jil. viy, thy, his, 
or her. 

Cicl has dels for its plural, when it signifies the tester of a bed, or the clouds in a picture. (Eit 
has mils for its plural, wlien it means an oval window — Other minute exceptions are carefully no- 
ticed in tJie Dictionary. 

FORMATION OF THE FEMININE GENDER OF ADJECTIVES. 

N. B. Observe that We say adjectives, and not adjectives and suistaTiUwes.— Substantives never 
vary, but to form their plural.— Beginners often fall into the error of adding an e to all the substan- 
tives feminine tliey have occasion to employ. 

Ali adjectives ending with e without accent, Un homme aimable, une femme aimable ; dep 
commonly called muic, have the masculine and hoinnies ou. des fenimes ahnables; man, wo- 
feminine alike. ?nnn, men, women, amiable 

Other adjectives generally take an c mute to Un homme savant, hardi, prndeni; une femuiC 
form iheir feminine. 



savante, hardie, prudente ; learned, bold, pru- 
dent. 
Blanc, blanclie, white; franc, franche, sincere; 
sec, seclie, dry; grec, grecque, grecian; pub- 
lic, publique, public; turt, turque, turkish; 
caduc, caduque, injirm. 
Adjectives ending in/, change it into »e to Un homme oisif, vif, naif; une femme oisive, 



Observe 1st. Of the adjectives in c, some 
change c into che, and some others into que, to 
form ilieir fenunine. 



form their fenunine. 

:i. Adjectives in ear and eux, change those 
termmaiions into eusc. for the feminine. 

4. Adjectives in I, with e, u, or ei before I, 
double iliat final I, and take an e mute — The 
o'liers only take an e to form their feminine. 

5. Of the adjectives ending in n, those only 
double #1 in their feminine, which have o before 
n, or end in icn — The others only take e. 

6 7'hp adjectives ending in t, with an e or o 
before it, double the t, and take e for their fe- 
minine — The others only take e. 



Vive naive ; indolent, lindii, candid. 

Un homme heureux, trompeur ; une femme hcu- 
rense, tronipeuse ; happy, deceitful. 

Crue!, cruelle, cruel; nul, nulle, not one; pared, 
pareille, alike. 

Gentil, genteel, has gentille for its feminine. 

Un bon honnne ; un livre ancien ; une bonne 
femme ; I'liistoire ancienne ; good, ancient, his- 
tory 

Net, nettc, clean; sot, sotte, foolish. Secret, 
complet, and decot do not double t, but only 
take e; secrete, complete, devote. 
jSdjectives which deviate from the preceding Rules, or cannot be uniformly classed. 



Bas, 771. basse, /. low; 6pais, epaisse, thick; 
cxpres, expresse, precise; las, lasse, tired; gras, 
grasse, fat; gros, grosse, bii>-; b6nin, b6nigiie, 
mild; malin, maligne, malicious; long, longue, 
long; doux, douce, sweet, mild; frais, fraiche, 
frtsh; roux, rousse, reddish; faux, fausse,/aZsc; 
jaloux, jalouse, jealous; absous, absoute, ab- 
solved; dissous, dissoute, dissolved; favori, favo- 
lite, darling, favorite. 

Mou, m. molle, /. soft, indolent; fou, folle, mad, 
foolish; beau, Itelle, handsome, fine; nouveau, 
nouvelle, new) vieux, vieille, old, are formed. 



Un coeur has, une ame basse ; mon f re re est las, 
ma soeur est lasse ; un boeuf gras, une vaclie 
grasse ; un gros homme, une grosse femme; 
un naturel benin, une humour btnigne ; un 
homme faux & jaloux ; une femme fausse &. 
jalouse ; un auteur favori, une chanson favo- 
rite — You may have the plural, in following 
the rule for the formation of plural; F.x. has, 
basse. Sing, has, basses, pi. long, longue, Sing. 
long, longues, Si-c.pl. 

Un homme mou, de la cire molle -.—{mul is out 
of use)— II est fou, un fol amusement, elle 
est folle ; un beau chapeau, un bel homme. 



XVIU 

from mol, fol, bel, nouvcl, vieil, which are used une belle feniine ; un nnuvcau desseiii, us 

before a vowel or an h mute. Vieux, however, nouvel accident, une mode nouvelle ; un vieux 

viay be used before a vowel ; un vieil ainif or un cheval, un vieil ami, une vieille uialson. 
vtrax ami. 

Bui the masculine plural is always formed from Un bel homme, do beaux hommes; un nouvel 

ihe masculine singular net ending in I. accident, de nouveaux accidi:us. 

Comparatives in cur, form their feminine by the Un meillcur roi, une nieiileure reine ; un g6nj* 

addition of an e, amtrary to the third observation ; sup6rieur, une fortune superieure ; un lieu i»- 

meilleur, mcillctire; supericur, aupericure, &c. ferieur, une partie inferieure. 

OF THE PRONOUXS. 

Pcrsojial Pronouns. 
We divide tire personal pronouns into three classes — The first consists of those which govern lh« 
verbs; the second of those which are governed by the verbs; and the third of tliose which are go- 
verned by prepositions— Some of them, as it will appear, are CiiuaUy governing and governed. 

Personal Pronouns governing Verbs. 
Je, cs. I; Je Up, j'ecris, je chante ; f reid, write, sing 

Moi, cs. I; Vous â– &. moi nous somnies contens ; you and I are satisfied [supped 

Nous, cp. wc, Nous dtijeunames, nous dinames, nous souiifimes ; we breakfasted^ dined^ 

Tu, cs. thou; - Tu danses, tu joucs, tu dors ; thou dancest, plaijcst, sleepcst 

Toi, cs. thou; Toi qui fais T insolent, qui es-tui thou who spcahest so loud, who art thou? 

Vous, cs. ami cp. ye ox Vou-< mangez, vous buvez; you eat, drink 

you; 
II, ms. he; it; II 6tudie, ii parie, il pleul ; he studies, he speaks, tt rains 

Lui, ins. he; Voiis n'dles pas amis vous & liii ; you and he are not friends 

E\\e,fs. she; it; E!le viendra, elle lonibra (la mai??on,) she will cone, it will fall {the house) 

lis, mp. they; I!s ont des amis ; they hace friends 

Elles, /;>. iii-;y: Elles sont polies ; they are civil 

On, c.-.-. one; th'-y: we; On aime a 6tre houreux ; one likes, we men, people like to be happy; oa dit j 

pnnple; men: it i:-.>^c. it is said 

Personal pronouns governed by Verbs. 
Me, C3. mc; H me connoit; he knows me 

Me, to me; Vous me parlez ; you speak to me 

Moi, es. me; Sacourez-moi ; help me 

Moi, to me; ' Parlezmoi Francois; speak FVench to w-e 

Nous, cp. us; II nous estime ; he esteems us 

Nous, to us; II nous paria ; he spoke to hs 

Tc, cs thcr; Je te connois; I know thee 

rv.,^to thee; II te parle ; he speaks to thee 

Vous, cs. r.p. yon; Nous vous aimo:is ; we love you 

Vous, to yon; Nous vous parlerons; we will speak to yon 

Jiui, m.t. to him; Vous lui parlates; you spoke to him 

ii:ii. f.i- to her; Nous lui (icrivimes; we wrote to her 

Lc, in.i. him; Je le respecte; I respect him 

l.a, /*. A-jr; Je la connois ; / knoui her 

L.'S, cp. them: Nous les aimons ; loc /ooe tAcm 1 

Ijeur, ep. to Uum; Je leur parlerai ; Pll speak to them >mcn or women 

â– ?e, cs. ic >~p. Himself, herself, themselves ) 

F.u, cs. & cp. Of it, of him, of her, of them 

V, cs. & cp. To it, to him, to her, to them, here, there 

Personal Pronouns governed by Prepositions 

Ao\, es me: Devaiit moi, apres moi ; before, after 

»«ous, cp. ^is; Avec nous, aans nous ; with, without 



X13 

Toi, c8. thee; Pour toi, loin de toi ; /or, far from 

Vous, cs, cp. you; Malgr6 vous; in spite of you 

Lui, ms. him; Derriere lui, vers lui ; behind towards 

Elle, fs. her; Pres d'elle, aupres d'elle ; near her 

Eux, mp. them; Au-dessous d'eux; below them 

EUes, fp. them; Au-dessus d'elles ; above them » 

Soi, cs. one's self; Prendre garde a soi ; to take care of one's se\f 

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS. 

Conjunctive possessive pronouns. 

Mon, ms. ^ Mon livre, mon cheval ; book^ horse 

Ma, fs. \ my; Ma plume, ma maison ; pen, house 

Mes, cp. J Mes freies, mes soeurs; brothers, sisters 

Ton, 7n5. 1 Ton courage, Ion pays; courage, country 

Ta,/i. > thy; Ta vertu, la bont6 ; virtue, kindness 

Tes, cp. S Tes onc.'es, tes tantes ; uncles, aunts 

Son, 7715. \ his; Son pere, son cheval ; father, horse 

Sa, /5. \ her; ^^ Yoh9,,sa.i\iY>e; gown, petticoat 

Ses, cp. J its; Scs roues, ses rayons ; wheels, spokes 

Notre, C5. ) ^. Noire roi&. noire reine; Amo-, ^ueen 
Nos, rp. \ °^^' Nos cousins, noscousjnes; cousins 

Voire, cs. \ Voire niari, voire Spouse ; husband, wife 

Vos, cp. (^ J I- > Vos fils, vos filles ; sons, daughters 

Leur, C.9. I th ' • I-'f^ur j^"li'ii 'eur maison ^^art/e/j, Aomsa 

Leurs, cp. j ' Leiirs arb-.es. leurs tleurs ; tj-ces, flowers 

N. B. Mon, ton, son, are used instead of ma, ta, sa, before a noun feminine, beginning with « 
vowel or an h nmte, to avoid a harsh articulation. Ex. Mon ainiti6, 77ty friendship; ma sincere 
nimliQ, my sincere friendship; low \(\?,o\nncc, thy insolence; ta grande insolence, fAy extre77ie ijwo- 
le)ice; son histoire, his history; sa savante hisioire, his learned history. 

Observe also, that all possessive Pronouns, either conjunctive or relative, but more clearly those 
of the third jjcrson, agree, in English, with the po.sses3or of a thing, and in French witli the thing 
possessed. Many mistakes will he avoided by attending to this observation. Ex. II aime sa femme, 
safllle & ses soeurs ; he luoes his wife, his daughter, and hia sisters. Elle aime son mari, son fils, 
& ses freres; she loves her husband, her son, and her brothers. 'i9ire frere a perdu son couteau 
& sa bourse ; your brcth'r has lost his knife and his purse. Votro soeur a perdu son couteau &c sa 
bourse ; j/our sister has lost her knife and hur purse. 

Relative possessive Pronouns. 
Le mien, ms \ ( Voire livre & le mien ; book 

La niienne, sf f • ) Voire plume & la mienne •, pen 



Les miens, mp. C ""'"^•' ^ Ses agneaux & les miens ; I'dmb 

Les miennes,/jj. 1 ' Seschevres & les miennos; goat 

Le tien, ms. \ ( Mon canif & le lien ; penknife 

La tienne, /.!*. f thine- } ^^* '^^V"" ^ '^ tienne; /cs.9<77i 

Les liens, mp. I ' \ Ses crayons & les liens ; pencils 

Les tiennes, /p. ; ' Ses tulipes & les tiennes ; tulips 

Le sien, 771s i ( Mon chapeau & le sien ; hat 

La sienne,/.?. f his and ) Ma rnonire & la sienne ; watch 

Lea siens, »7i;j i hers; j Mes bas & les siens ; stockings 

Les siennes, /p ) ' Mes manchelte8&.les siennes; ri/j^c* 

Le nfttre, ms ) ( Votre laquais & le notre; footman 

La nOtre, fs. > ours; < Voire servante & la noire ; maid 

Les natrt^,,«j». ) ( Vos cousins &. les ii6tres • cousin 



XX 

Le votre, ms. ) ( Mon 6ventail& le votre ; fan 



Le votre, ms. ) ( Mon eventauac le voire ; jan 

La votre, /5. > yours; < Ma labatiere & la voire ; snuffbox 

Les volres, cp. ) ( Mes souliers k. les votres ; shoes 

Le leur, vis. i ( Jvotre pays &l le leur ; country 

La leur, fs. )â–  theirs; < Noire arniee &c la leur ; army 

Iie« leurs, cp. ) ( Nos chevaux & les leurs ; hors 



liGS leurs, cp. ) ( Nos chevaux & les leurs ; horses 

RELATIVE PRONOUNS. 

Although all Pronouns have a relative signification, the followini,' ones are more peculiarlj so 
called — They are of both genders and numbers, except lequcl and quel that are declined. 

Qui ; who, tchom, thai, that ichich 

due; icftom, that, vrhat, how! icky? 

Dont ; whose, of whom, of which 

Quoi ; which, what! what? (never said of persons) 

Oii ; at which, in which, (ou without accent, or, either,) 

Quel ; ms. quelle,/.*, quels, mp. queiles,/p. what— It is always joined to its substantive. 

Lequel, laquelle, lesquleJs, lesquelles, duquel, &c. which 

Application of the Relative Pronoun* 

L'homme qui vous parle ; the man who speaks to you 

La feinme qui vient d'enlrer ; the woman who just came in 

Qui deniandez-vous ici ; whom do you want here 

Les choses qui me plaiseiit; the things that I like 

Apres qui courez-vous 1 whom du you run after 

De qui parlez-vouji ; whom are you speaking of 

L'homme que j'estime ; the man whom I esteem 

La fenmie que vous voyez ; the woman whom you see 

Les chevaux que j'ai ; the horses that I have 

Que vous etes aimabie ! hou! amiable you are 

Que n'est-il plus sage ? why is he not wiser 

La dame dont je parle ; the latly ichom I speak of • 

Les hommes dont vous parlez ; the men whom you speak of 

L'argent dont j'ai besoin ; the mcneij that I want 

Les lois dont il d<^pend ; the laics on which he depends 

La granimalre dont je parle ; the gramviar of which I speak 

A quoi pensez-vous ? what are you thinking of 

De quoi parlez-vous? what are you speaking of 

Le but oii j'aspire ; the point which I aim at 

Le siecic oQ nous vivons ; the age wc live in 

D'oii vient votre frere ? whence dots your brother come 

Quel livre lisez-vous ; what hook di> yuu read 

De quelle femme parlez-vous 7 what woman do you speak of 

Quels sont vos sentirnens 1 what arc your sentiments 

Quelles ^tranges nouvellcs? what strange news arc these 

Lequel aimez-vous lemieux de ces deux tabieaui 1 which of these two pictures do you lik* ottiJ 

Avtrf. laquelle de ces dames avez-vous dans6 1 with which of those ladies did you dance? 
DEMONSTRATrV'E PRONOUNS. 
Ce, ms. (before a consonant) this, that; Ce chapeau ; this, that hat 
Cel. ms. (before a vowel or an h nmie) Cet homme, cet oiseau ; this man, that bird 

this, that; 
Ceue,f3. this, that; Cette ann6e, this year 

Ces, cp. these, those; Ces hommes, ces femmes ; men, women 

N. B. Ce, cet, cetle, ces, are always joined to a noun. 
Celui qui, he who; Celui qui parle ; he who speaks 

Ceile qui, she who; Celle qui chanle ; s/ie who sings • 



Ceux qui, Ihey who; 
Celles qui, they who; 
Celui-ci, VIS. this; 
Celui-la, ms. that; 
Ceux-ci, mp. these; 
Ceux-la, those; 
Celle-ci,/s. this; 
Celle-la, that; 
Celles-ci, fp. these; 
Celies-Ia, those; 

Ce qui, ms. thai which; 
Ce que, ms. that which; 

Ceci, ms. this, this iking; 
Cela, vis. that, that thing; 



Ceux qui travaillent ; work 
Celles qui chanlent ; sing 
Prenez celui-ci ; take this 
Vendez celui-la , sell that 
Prenez ceux-ci ; take these 
Vendez ceux-la ; sell those 
Gardez celli-ci ; keep this 
Donnez celle-la ; give that 
Gardez celles-ci ; keep these 
Donnez celles-la ; give those 

Ce qui plait; that which pleases 
Ce que je dis ; that which I say 
Prenez-ceci ; take this 

^.v., ,..„. .. , .,.„. --'"6, Donnez-uioi cela; give me that 

N. B. a and la are added, to point at the object more forcibly, or to mark the distance. Ez. 
Voyez-vous ces livresl prenez ceux-ci, & laissez ceux-la; Do you see those books? take these here 
and leave those. Prenez celui-ci, &, je prendrai celui-la ; take the nearest, and I will take the far- 
thest. 

INDETERMINATE OR INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 



( ce qui is always the tubjeei, 
< and cc que always the object 
io{\' 



' the verb. 



Chaque, cs. each, every; {is al- 
ways joined to a noun.) 
(Jhacun, S7n. chacune, fs. each; 
(is never joined to a noun with- 
out the preposition de) 
Q,uelque, cs. quelques, cp. some; 
{is always joined to a noun) 
(iuelqu'un, vts. quelqu'une, fs. 
quclques-uns, mp. quelques-unes, 
fp. some one, some ones; {is ne- 
ver joined to a noun without the 
preposition de) 
Quiconque, cs. whoever; 
Quelconque, cs. any, whatever; 
rersoniio, with ne, ms. nobody; 
Personne, ms. any body; 
On, cs. one, somebody, thaj, we, 
people, ?«e«— And it is oftener 
chanced into a passive verb. 
En, cs. and cp. of it, of him, of 
mr, of them, any, some, like, in, 
away, d,-c. 

I am aware that these two useful particles do not properly belong to tlie indeterminate pro 
nouns, iior even can be considered as pionouns in many of their meanings; but as they generjilly 
have no settled significatiori of themselves, unless their antecedents be ascertained, I thought they 
njjght, without any great impropriety, bo classed among the indeterminate parts of speech. 

OF THE FRENCH VERBS. 

The au.xiliary verb AVOIR, to have, to possess. 
INFINITIVE MOOD. 
'Present, avoir; Qerund, a-y^ni; 

to have paving 



Chaque pays, chaque mode ; every country has its customs 
Chaque homme, chaque femme ; man, woman 
Chacun le dit ; every one says «o— chacune de ces femmes ; each 
of these women 

Quelque traitre vous vendrn ; some traitor will betray you — J'ai 

quelqueamis; I have some friends 
Quelqu'un viendra; somebody will coTWC—Parlez a quel'qu'unc 

de ces dames ; speak to one of those Zadies— Quelques-uns de 

ces homnies, quelques-unes de ces femmes ; some of those men, 

those women 

Quiconque le dit a tort ; whoever says so is wrong 
Vn livre quelconque ; any book 
Personne ne I'aime; nobody likes him 
Personne le croit-il ? docs any body believe it? 
On le dit ; one, somebody says so; wc, people say so; it is said 
so — On halt les tyrans ; tyrants are hated 

Y cs. and cp. to it, to him, to her, to them, to that, there, thither 



Participle en, eue ; ens, eues. 
bad ms. fs. mp. fn. 



XXll 

INDICATIVE MOOl) -J* 

Present Tense, I have. 

Compound Tcnset. ^ 

S. J'ai, I have; tu as, thoxi hast; il a, he has; elle a, sAc his; on a, o?/c .T'ai eii, I have had, S,-c. — 

has; mon frere a, my brother has; Tlie compound tenses are 

PL. Nous avon3, we Aace; vous avez, yp Aape; ils onl, t/te?/ Aace; elles firmed in adding tlie />ar 

ont, they have; mes freres ont, mg brothers haoe. tjc'j;/e to the simple tenses. 

Imperfect, I had. 
J'avois, tu avois, iJ avoit ; nous avions, vous aviez, ils avoient— J'avois eu 
Preterite or Definite Tense, I had (at such a time.) 
J'eus, tu eus, il eut ; nous eiimes, vous eiices, ils eurent— J'eus eu 

Future, I shall or will have. 
J'aurai, auras, aura ; nous aurons, aurez, auront — J'aurai eu 

Conditional, I would, could, should have. 
J'aurois, aurois, auroit; nous aurions, auriez, auroient — J'aurois eu 

SUBJUNCTIVE OR CONJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
Present, that I have or may have. 
Que j'aie, tu aies, il ait ; nous ayoas, vous ayez, ils aient — J'aie eu 

Preterite, tliat I had or might have. 
Que j'eusso, eusses, eut; nous eussions, eussiez, cussent — J'cusse eu 

IMPERATIVE MOOD. 

Alej have thou; qu'il ait, let him have; qu'clle ait, let her have; ayons, let us have; ayez, have yef 

qu'ils aient, let them have. 

The auxiliary Verh ETRE, to be, to exist. 

INFINITIVE. 

Eire, to 6e; ttunt, being; ayanltik, having been; 6t6, Jeen. 

INDICATIVE. Compound Tense*. 

I am. Je suis, tu es, il est; somnies, fetes, sont — J'ai 6l6 

I was. J'6toi3, 6tois, 6toit; 6iions, 6tiez, ttoient, — J'avois 6t6 

J was. Je fu3, fus, fut; fiirnes, futcs, furent — J'eus 6t6 

J will be. Je serai, seras, sera ; rons, rez, ront — J'anrai3 6t6 

/ wouJd be. Je serois, seroia, seroit ; serions, riez, roient — J'aurois 6t6 

SUBJUNCTIVE. 

TTiat Imaybe. Q,ueje8ois,soi9, soit; soyons, soyez, soient — J'aie 6t6 

Thatlmightbe. Que jefusse, fusses, fut; 8sion,ssiez,»cnt— J'eusse fet6 

LMPERATIVE. 

Be thou. So\s, qu'il soit ; soyons, soyez, qu'ils soient. 

Examples of ferbs used interrogatively and negatively. 

Jim I? Suta-jel es-tu? est-il? mon frere esl-il? aim^s ? etis-vous aimes ? wjnt-ils aim6s ? mes 

Bommes-nous 1 fetes- vous 7 sont-ils 1 mes freres freres soni-ils airaes ? 

8ont-il9? Have J loved? Ai-je aim6 ? as-tu aimfe ? a-t-il 

Havel? Ai-je 1 as-tu 1 a-t-il 1 mon frere a-t-ill aimfe 7 mon frere a-i-il ain)6 7 avons-nou» 
Avons-nousi avez-vous7 ont-ils? mes freres aim6 7 avez-vous aime t ontils aim6 ? mes 
ont-ils 1 freres ont-ils aimd- 7 

.am I loved ? Snis-je aim6 7 cs-tu aim6 7 est-il / am not. Je ne suis pas, tu n'es pas, il n'est paa. 
aim6 7 mon frere est-il aim6 7 Bommes-noua 



ixili 



hio!) frJre n'est pas; nous ne sommes pas, 
vous n'etes pas, ils ne sont pas, me.s fieres ne 
sont pas. 

f k.ioe not. Je n'ai pas, tu n'as pas, il n'a pas, 
uioii frere n'a pas; nous n'avoiis pas, vous 
u'avez {las, ils n'ont pas, mes freres if ont pas. 

f am not feared. Je ne suis pas craiiit, tu a'es 
pas craint, il n'est pas ciaiiit, niou frere n'est 
pascraiat; nous no soinmcs pas craints, vous 
n'etes pas craints, ils ne sonl pas craints, mes 
fteres ne sont pas craints. 

f have not feared. Je n'ai pas craint, tu n'as pas 
craiut; il n'a pas craint, mon frere n'a pa^ 



craint; itous n avons pas craint, vous n avez 
pas craint, ils n'ont pas craint, mes freresn'onl 
pas craint. 

jim I not feared. Ne &ui3-je pas craint 1 n'es-tu 
pas craint"? n'est-il pas craint 7 mon frere n'est- 
il pas craint? ne somnies-nous pas craints? 
n'etes-vous pas craints 1 ne sont-ils pas craints ? 
mes freres ne sont-ils pas craints 1 

Have I not feared. N'ai-je pas craint? n'as-tu 
pas craint? n'a-t-il pas craint? mon frere n'a- 
t-il pas craint? n'avons-nous pas craint? n'a- 
vez-vous pas craint? n'ont-ils pas craint? mts 
freres n'ont-ils pas craint? — Jlnd so of any verb. 



Verbs endins; in e mute in the first person singular of the indicative, clianj^e it into e— J'aiine, / 
looe; aim6-je 1 do I love ? 

REMARKS ON THE FRENCH VERBS. 

A verb is regular when all its tenses derive from the infinitive, or from the gerund ; theretbre tlie 
conjugations in enir and evoir, usually classed among the regular verbs, are irregular 



e admit, in this introduction, three regular conjugations. 

1st. — in er, ant, 6, — donner, don riant, donne t' 

ir, issant, i, — punir, punissant, puni 
ir, ant, i, — sentir, sentant, senti 
re, ant, u, — vendre, vendant, vendu 
uire, uisant, uit, — conduire, conduisant, condui 
indre, ignant, inl, — ^joindre, jolgnanl, joint 
{ oitre, oissant, u, — paioitre, paroissant, paru 
Many verb:?, -with these terminations, are however irregular, as wiiLlie seen afterwards. 

e la; 



2d. branching into 



3d. branching into â–  



All verbs, eitJ^er regular or irregular, agree together in forming the last syllable of most of their 
tenses; as will clearly appearirom the following Paradigm, which nearly reduces all the conjuga- 
tions to one. 

PARADIGM, 

To show the Similarity of the French Fcrbs, in the final Syllables. 



INFINITIVE. 


Present, er 


ir, oir 


re; 


parle, agir, devoir, rendre 






Gerund, ant, m all verbs ; 


parlant. 


agissant 


&c. 






Participle, 


e, i, u. 


t, 3, 


parl6, a 


„n, dil, fait, mis 


* 




fJe, 


tu, 


il; 


nous, 


vous. 


ils; 




LVDICATIVE. 


e, 


es, 


e; 


ons. 


cz. 


ent; 


J'aiine, es, e 


Present. 


< s, 


8, 


t; 


ons, 


ez. 


ent; 


Je sens, s, t 


u, 


s, 


<l; 


ons, 


ez. 


ent ; 


Je vends, s, d 




X, 


t; 


ons, 


ez. 


ent: 


Je veux, X, t 


l.nperfect. 


ois, 


Ois, 


oit; 


ions. 


iez„ 


oient; 


Je donnois, je sentoia 




r ai, 


as, 


a; 


ames, 


ates 


erent; 


Je donnai, j'aimai 


reterite. 


Sis, 


is, 


il; 


lines. 


lies, 


irenl ; 


J'agis, je fis 




)us, 


us, 


ut; 


umes, 


fites. 


urent ; 


Je recus, je sus 




Uus, 


ins, 


int; 


i limes. 


intes. 


inrent; 


Je tins, je vins 


Future. 


rai. 


ras, 


ra; . 


rons. 


rez, 


rout; 


Je devrai, j'aimerai 


Conditional 


rois. 


rois, 


roil; 


ru)ns. 


riez. 


roieiit ; 


Je deviois, j'aimerois 


SUBJUNCTIVE. Pr.e, 


es. 


«f 


io:is. 


iez, 


ent ; 


J'aiine, je eente 


Prk'erite. 


sse, 


sses. 


t; 


ssioiis. 


ssiez, 


ssenl ; 


J'aimasse, je senlisse 


IMPERATIVE 


\ e, < quil 


qu'ils 


Donne, 


qu'il d( 


>nne 




I Jo thou. 

o _-~ 


i 9, |e 


; oris, 


ez, ent, 


Lis, 


qu'il list; 





Some persois of the verbs avoir, ftre, aUcr, fait 
Paradigm, as may be seen in their conjugation. 



concaincrc, and raincrc, deviate from this 



3LX1V 

OF THE REGULAR CONJUGATIONS. 

A regular verb keeps its radical letters through all its conjugation. 

The radical letters of a verb are tliose which stand before Uie ending common to all the verbs 
of the same conjugation. Thus, in donncr, ag-ir, the syllables donn and ng are the radical letters. 
So that, wlien you want to conjugate a verb after a model given to you, observe which are the 
radical letters of botli verbs, and add to the radical letters of your verb (according to the tense and 
person you want) the ending which is after the radical letters of tJie model proposed to you. Ex. 
Suppose I want the first person plural of etudier for the preterite, and that donner be the model 
proposed to me in the grammar. I begin wiiJi observuig Uiat the conjugation being in er, the 
radical letters of the verbs are eiudi and donn; I look at the conjugation of donner; and find donn- 
dmes for tlie place required. I take dmes which stands after the radical letters, and I place it after 
etudi, which gives me etudidmes, the word required. — This, well understood, will much facilitat* 
the conjugation of the French verbs. 



. Regular Conjugations in ER, ANT, E. 

INFINITIVE. 

Donner, to give; donnant, giving ; donn6, 6e; 6s, 6es, given. 



P. Igive^ 1 1 

giving. 
Im. / did 



' gice, I am Je, 

Donn-e, es, 

o^rf, / was Donn-ois, ois, 
giving, I gave. 

Pret. / gave, I have Donn-ai, as, 

givejt. 

P. I will or shall give. Donn-erai, eras. 



INDICATIVE. 



nous, 

ons, 

ions. 



vous, 



its 
ent 
oient 



Compouxd Tenses. 

— J'ai donne 
— J'avois donn6 



ames, atcs, erenl — J'eus donr,6 



erons, 
erions. 



erez, 
criez, 



eront 
eroient 



-J'aurai donn^ 
-J'ai;rois donn6 



C. I would, could, should Donn-erois, erois, eroji; 
give. * 

SUBJUNCTIVE. 
Pr. That I may give, Que je, que tu, qu'il; que nous, que vous, qu'ils 

that I give. Donn-e, es, e; ions, iez, ent — J'aie donni* 

Pret. That I might give, Donn-asse, asses, at , assions, assicz, assent — J'eusse donn* 

thit I gave. 

IMPER.ATIVE. 
Donne, qu'il donne, donnons, donnez, qu'ils donnent, 

givclhoxi, let him give, let us ^ivc., give ye, let them give. 

Tlie verbs in gen; add an e nmte to tlie ending, whenever iho g meets before an a or a ; there- 
fore WTi'e nous mangeons, nous mangednie^ ; and not nous mangons, nous muvgdmcs. — The verbs 
ending in cer, and cevoir, change die c into c before the vowels, a, o, u. — Je regois, nous commen 
{iimes, il recut. 

II. Regular Conjugation in IR, ISS.\NT, I. 
N. B. As the English verbs have but three variations, we cease repeating the English word far- 
ther than the infinitive. TIm» signs may easily be collected from the preceding conjugation. 
INF. Punir, to punish; punissant, jjmw/^A'w o-,- puni, e; is, ies. punished. 



IND.Pr.Je, 


tu, 


il; 


nous, 


vous. 


ils 


Compound Tense* 


Pun-is, 


is. 


it; 


issons, 


issez, 


issenl 


— J'ai {Mini 


Imp. Pun-issois, 


is3o:s. 


issoit; 


issions, 


issirz, 


issoient 


— J'avois puni 


Pret. Pnn-is, 


is. 


it; 


imis, 


itis, 


irent 


— J'eu&puni 


Fut. Pun-irai, 


iras. 


ira, 


irons. 


irez, 


iront 


— J'aurai puni 


Condit. Pun-irois, 


iroi5, 


iroit ; 


irinns, 


iriez, 


iroient 


— J'aurois puni 


SUBJ. Pr. Que je, 


que tu. 


qu'il; 


que nous, 


que vous, 


qu'ils 




Pun-isse, 


isses, 


isse; 


issions, 


issiez, 


jssrnt 


— J'aie puni 


Prrt. Pun-isse, 


isses. 


it; 


issions, 


issipz, 


issent 


—J'eusse puni 


IMP. Punis, 


qu'il punisse ; 


punissons, 


pnnisscz, 


qu'ils punissen:. 



So are conjugated upwards of 200 verbs in cjV, <i*>, gir, mir, nir, tir, &,c. 
•lugir, affermir, Iburnir, avertir. 

III. Regular Conjugation in IR, ANT, I. 
INF. Sentir, to smell; sentant, smelling; senti, ie ; is, ies, smelt. 



-Durcir, applaudir, 



IND.Pr.Je, 


tu, 


il; 


nous, 


vous, 


i)s 


Compound Tenses 




Sens, 


sens, 


sent; 


sent-ons. 


ez, 


ent 


— J'ai senti 


Imp. 


Sent-ois, 


ois,' 


oit; 


ions. 


iez. 


oient 


— J'avois senti 


Fret. 


Sent-is, 


is, 


it; 


imes, 


ites. 


ennt 


— J'eus senti 


Fut. 


Sent-irai, 


irks, 


ira; 


irons. 


irez, 


iront 


— J'aurai senti 


Condit. 


Sent-irois, 


irois, 


iroit ; 


irions, 


iriez. 


iroient 


— J'aurois sent! 


SUBJ. Pr.aueje, ' 


que tu, 


qu'il; 


que nous. 


que vous. 


qu'ils 






Sent-e, 


es. 


e; 


ions. 


iez, 


ent 


— J'aie senti 


Pret. 


Sent-isse, 


isses, 


it: 


isslons. 


issiez, 


jssent 


— J'eusse senti 


IMP 


Sens, 


qu'il sente; 


sentons, 


sentez, 


qu'il's sentent. 



N. B. The verbs of this conjugation, ending in tir, drop their t in the first and second person 
singular of tlie indicative present; and the other verbs drop the letter they have before jr, iu tlie 
tluee persons sing, of the same tense— Parfj'r; je pars, ta pars, il part. — Dormir; je dors, tu dors, 
il dort. — Servir; je sers, tu sers, il sert. 

So are conjugated the following Vcrhs. 



Consentir, 




consentanl, 


j'ai consenii 


to consent 


D6mentir, 




d6mentaiit. 


j'ai dementi 


—give the lie 


Desservir, 




desservant, 


j'ai desservi 


—clear the table, hurt 


Dormir, 




dormant, 


j'ai dormi 


—sleep 


Endomiir, 




endonnant, 


j'ai endormi 


—lull asleep 


S'endormir, 




s'endorniant. 


je me suis endoraii 


—fall asleep 


Mentir, 




rnentant. 


j'ai menli 


-lie 


Parti r, 




partant, 


je suis, et j'ai parti 


— set oiit 


Presseniir, 




pressentant, 


j'ai presseijti 


— foresee 


Rfdormir, 




redormant, 


j'ai redormi 


—slerp again 


!;e rendormir 




se rendormant, 


je me suis rendormi 


—fall asleep again 


^- Repartir, 




repartant. 


je suis & j'ai reparti 


— set out again; reply 


f5e repentir, 




se repentant. 


je me suis rcpenti 


— repent 


I.lessentir, 




resseniant. 


j'ai ressenti 


— resent 


'" Ressortir, 




lessortant. 


je suis ressorti 


— go out arrain 


l?eniir, 




sentant, 


j'ai senti 


-smell, feel 


Servir, 




servant. 


j'ai servi 


—serve 


Se servir, 




se servant, 


je me suis servi 


—make use of 


Sortir, 




sortant. 


je suis <fc j'ai sorti 


—go out 


* R(>partir, 


r6partis6ant, to distribute; 


* ressortir, ressortissant, to brlon 


g to, arc conjugated like 


2>vnir. 




IV Regular 


Conjugation in RE, ANT, U. 






INF. 


Vendre, to s< It; 


vciidant, selling; vendu, no ; us 


ues, sdIiI. 


IND. Pr.^o 


, 


tu, il; 


nous, vous, ils 


Compound Tenses 


\\ 


nds, 


vends, vend 


; v.nd-ons, ez, cot 


—J ai vendu 


Iwp. Vend-ois, 


ois, oit; 


ions, iez, oicnt 


— J'avois vendu 


PrH Vt 


nd-is, 


iii, it ; 


imes, ins, in nt 


— ,1'fiis vendu 


Fut. Vf 


iul-r:ii, 


ra-j, ra ; 


rons, try., rr-lil 


.I'.-iiiriii xciuiii 


CnmJ V< 


iid-rci.«. 


r()i«, roif : 


ri( ns, ricz, joif-u 


J'aurois \en<!u 


SIJBJ. Pr. ft< 


'ejo, 


que tu, qii'i! 


; que nous, cjtii: vntis, ijirils 




VlmkI-p, 


fS, r ; 


inns, !.-/., .'lit 


— J'nic vendu 


Pret. \i 


i:d-iss.>, 


i.-scs, it ; 


ispioits, yf\i-7, i.-scif 


— J'cirsso vendu 


IMP. V. 


iid>-. 


qu'i! vrnde; 


vendi IIS, veudez, qu'iis 


vcidtnl. 



XXVI 



So are conjugated the following Verbs. 
N. B. The verbs with.an asterisk liave a slight irregularity in iheir orthography. Battrt and itk 
derivatives lose one t in lire iJiree persons of the indicative pr. sing, and 2d sing, iinperat. — Je bats 
tu bats, il bat; bats. — Romprc and its derivatives add t to p, for the tliird person sing, indicat. pr. 
— II rompt, coiTompt, interrompt. 

ahattant, j'ai abattu to pull down 

attendant, j'ai attendu — expect or wish for 

battant, j'ai battu —beat 

combattant, j'ai combaltu —fight 

condescendant, j'ai condescendu — comply 

confondant, j'ai confondu confound 

corrompant, j'ai corrompu ^corrupt 

d6battant, j'ai dtbattu —argue 

descendant, j'ai descendu — come dotcn 

s'ebatiant, je me suis 6battu — play about 

6tendant, j'ai 6tendu — spread 

entendant, j'ai entendu — hear 

fcndant, j'aifendu — cleave 

fondant, j'ai fondu —melt 

interronipant j'ai interrompu —interrupt 

mordant, j'ai mordu —bite 

morfondant, j'ai morfbndu —chill 

pendant, j'ai pendu —hang 

perdant, j"ai perdu — lose 

pondant, la poule a pondu —lay eggt 

pr6tendant, j'ai pr^tendu — pretend 

rabattant, j'ai ra'uattu — bate 

rebattant, j'ai rebattu — beat again 

refondant, j'ai reCnndu — melt again 

rendant, j'ai rendu — render, restore 

r^pandant, j'ai r6pandu — spill, spread 

r^pondant, j'ai r6pondu — answer 

rompant, j'ai rompu — break 

tendant, j'ai tendu —bend, tend 

tondant, j'ai tondu — shear 

vendant, j'ai vendu — sell 

V. Regular Conjugation in UIRE, UISANT, UIT. 

INFINITIVE. 

Cond-uire, to conduct; conduisant; conduit, uite; uits, uites. 



Abattre,* 

A itendre, 

Battre,* 

Combattre,* 

Condescend re 

ConfondrCj 

Corrompre,* 

Debattre,* 

Descendre, 

S'ebattre, 

V: tend re, 

Entendre, 

Fendre, 

Fondre, 

Iiiterroinpre,* 

Mordre, 

Morfondre, 

Pendre, 

Perdre, 

Pondre, 

Pretendre, 

Rabattre,* 

Rebattre,* 

Re fond re, 

Rendre, 

Repandre, 

R.'pondre, 

Roinpre,* 

Tendre, 

Tondre, 

Vendre, 











INDICATIVE 




Compound Tenses 


Pr. 


Je, 


tu, 


il; 


nous. 


vous. 


ils 






Cond-nis, 


uis. 


nit; 


uisons. 


uisez, 


uisent 


—J'ai conduit 


Im. 


Cuiid-uisois, 


uisois, 


uisoit ; 


uisions, 


uisiez. 


uisoient 


— J'avois conduit 


Fret. 


Cond-uisis, 


uisis. 


uisit; 


uisimes. 


uisites, 


uisirent 


— J'eus conduit 


FuU 


Cond-uirai, 


uiras. 


uira; 


uirons. 


iiircz. 


uiront 


— J'aurai conduit 


Cond 


. Cond-uirois, 


uirois, 


uiroit; 


uirions, 


uiriez. 


uiroient 


— J'aurois conduil 










SUBJUNCTIVE. 






Pr. 


Que je. 


que tu, 


qn'il; 


que nous. 


que vous. 


qu'ilg 






Cond-uise, 


nist!S, 


iiiso; 


uisions, 


uisiez, 


uisent 


— J'aie condu 


Pret. 


Cond-uisissc, 


uisisses, 


uisit ; 


ujsissions, 


uisissiez. 


uississent 


— J'eusse conduit 










IMPERATIVE. 







Conduis, qu'il conduise; conduisons, uis. z, qu'ils conduisent 



XXVU 



So are conjugated the following Verbs. 



Constr-uire, 


tii^ant, 


j'ai construit 


to construct 


Cuire, 


uisant, 


j'ai cuit 


—bake 


D6d-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ai d6duit 


— deduct 


D6tr-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ai dt^truit 


—destroy 


End-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ai enduit 


— plaster 


Ind-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ai induit 


•^excite 


Instr-uire, 


uisant. 


j'ai instruit 


— instruct 


Introd-uire, 


uisant. 


j'ai introduit 


—bring in 


L-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ailui, (no«) 


— shine 


N-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ai nui, (no t) 
j'ai produit 


—hurt 


Prod-iiire, 


uisant. 


— product 


Recond-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ai reconduit 


• — reconduct 


Rec-uire, 


uisant. 


j'ai recuit 


— bake again 


R6d-uire, 


uisant, 


j'ai r6diiit 


— reduce 


Rel-uire, 


uisant. 


j'ai relui, (no t) 


—glitter 


S6d-uire, 


uisant. 


j'ai st^duit 
j'ai traduit 


— scdiice 


Trad-uire, 


uisant, 


— translate 


VI. Re/rular Conjugation in INDRE, IGNANT, INT. 




INF, Joindre, joignant ; joint, e : s, es, to join. 


TND. Pr. Je, 


tUj il; 


nous, vous, 


ils Compound Tenset 


Joins, 


joins, joint ; 


jo-ignons, ignez, 


ignent —J'ai joint 


Imp. Jo-ignois, 


ignois, ignoit ; 


ignions, igniez, 


iL'noient — J'avois joint 


Pret. Jo-ignis, 


ignis, ignit ; 


ignJmes, ignites, 


ignirent —J'eus joint 


Flit. Jo-indrai, 


indras, ijidra; 


indrons, indrez, 


indront —J'anrai joint 


Cbnd. Jo-indrois, 


indrois, indroit; 


indrions, indriez, 


indroient — J'aurois joint 


BUB. Prct. aneje, 


que tu, qu'il ; 


que nous, que vous. 


qu'ils 


Jo-igne, 


ignes, igne ; 


ignions, igniez, 


ignent — J'aiejoint 


Pret. Jx)-ignisse, 


ignisses, ignit; 


ignissions, ignissiez, 


ignissent —J'eusse joint 


IMPER. Joins, qu 


il joigne ; joignons, joignez, qu'ils joignent. 

So are conjugated the folloicing Verbs. 




Astreindre, 


ast reign ant. 


J'ai astrient 


to oblige, force 


Atteindre, 


atleignant, 


j'ai atteint 


— rearh 


Aveindre, 


avcignanl. 


j'ai aveint {obsolete) 


—reach 


Ceindre, 


ceignant. 


j'ai ceint 


—gird 


Contraindre, 


contraignant. 


j'ai contraint 


-force 


Craindre, 


craignant, 


j'ai craiiit 


-fear 


Enceindre, 


enceignant, 


j'ai enceint 


-enclose 


Enfreindre. 


enfrpignant 


j'ai enfreint 


—trispass 


Enjoindre. 


enjoignant, 


j'ai enjoint 


— prrscribe 


Eteindre, 


^teignant, 


j'ai 6teint 


— put out 


Fcindre, 


feignant. 


j'ai feint 


—dissemble 


Oindre, 


oignant, 


j'ai oint {obsolete) 


— anoint 


Peindre, 


poignant, 


' 'ai pejnt 


—pain, draw 


Plaindre, 


plaignant, 


'ai plaint 


-pity 


Poindre, to dawn, to hurt; il poindra, he will hurt (obpolfte') 




Restreindre, 


restroigiiant, 


j'ai rostreint 


—limit 


Teindre, 


teignant, 


j'ai teint 


—dye, colour 



VII. Regular Conjugnt.ton in OITRE, OISSANT, U. 
INF. Paroiire, paroissanf ; paru, ue; us, ucs; to appear. 
IND. Pr Je, m, il ; nous, vous, ils Compound Tenscat 

Par-ois, ois, oit; oissons, oissez, oifsent —J'ai paru 

Imp. Par-oissois, oissois, cissoit; oissiuns, oissiez, oissoient — J'avois paru 



XXVIU 



Pret. Par-US, 
Fut. Par-oiuai, 
Cond. Par-oitrois, 
SUB. Pr. aue je, 
Par-oisse, 
Pret. Par-usse, 



oitras, 
oitrojs, 
que tu, 
oisses, 
usses, 



ut; 

oitra; 

oitroit ; 

qu'iJ; 

oisse; 

ut: 



umes, 

oilroiis, 

oitrioiis, 

que noud, 

oisi^ioiis, 

ussions, 



utes, 

oitrez, 

oitriez, 

que vous, 

oissiez, 

ussit.z, 



urent, 

oilron 

oitroient 

qu'ils 

oissent, 

usdenl 



IMPER. Parois, qu'il paroisse ; paroissons, paroissez, qu'ils paroissent. 



— J'eus paru 
— J'aurai paxu 
— J'aurois pan» 

— J'aic para 
— J'euese paru 



Accroitre,* 

Apparoilre, 

Comparoitre, 

Connoitre, 

Croitre,* 

D6croilre, 

Disparoitre, 

M6connoitre, 

Reconnoitre, 

Recroltre,* 



So arc conjugated the following Verbs. 
accroissant, 
apparoissant, 



j'ai accru to increase 

j'ai apparu —appear 

comparoissant, j'ai couiparu —appear (in lawj 

connoissant, j'ai counu — know 

croissant, j'ai cru — grojo 

d6croissant, j'ai decru — decrease 

disparoissant, j'ai disparu — disappear 

ni6connoissant, j'ai nitconnu —forget 

reconnoissant, j'ai recounu — remember 

recroi^ant, j'ai recru —grow again 

* In croUre and its derivatives, tlie letters ot sound oc; and in the other verbs in oitrc, XijC sfune 
letters oi have the simple sound of the vowel c. Many people change o'l into ai, in the latter cose, 

CONJUGATION OF A REFLECTED VERB. 
Let the Learner observe carefully that the compound tenses of the reflected verbs are formed in 
French^^by the verb etre (to be) and not as tln^y an.' in English by the verb avoir 'to have.) 



INF. Se lever, 
to rise, 



se levant, 
rising. 



s'^iant lf:v6, 6e; fes 
kacing risen. 



ees, 



IND. Pr. 

[ rise; I am rising. 
IMP. / did rise; I 

teas rising. 
Pret. I rose, I did 

rise. 
Fut. f shall or will 

risr. 
Condll. I icould or 

should rise. 



Compound Tenses. 
Je me suis Iev6, 
/ have risen. 
Je m'etois Iev6, 
I had risen. 



\ Je me leve, tu te I6ves, il se leve ; nous nous le- 

\ vons, vous vous levez, ils se levent. 

\ Je me levois, tu te levois, il se levoit; nous nous 

\ levions, vous vous levicz, ils se levoient. 

^ Je me levai, tu te leva.?, il se leva; nous nousle- ^ Je me fus lev6, 

J vames, vous vous levfiles, ilsse lev6rent. ^ I had risen. 

^ Je me leverai, tu te levera.*, il se levcra; nous i Je me serai lev6, 

\ nous k'veron.^, vous vous levercz, ilsse leveront. \ I will have risen. 

j Je me leverois, tu te le\erois, il se Icveroit; r.ous I Je me serois levC, 

I nous leverions, vous vous ieveriez, ils se leveroient. ) / would have risen 

SL'fU. Pr. That I j Que je me leve, que tuteleves, qu'il se leve; nous ^ Je nie sois Iev6, 

n'sp, or may rise. ( nous levions, vous vous leviez, ilsse levent. \ I may have risen. 

Pret. That I might \ Uue je mc leva.sse, tu te levasses, ils se lev;\t ; nous ) Je me fusse leve, 

rise; that f ruse. ^ nous levassions,vous vous Ievassiez,ils8elevass€nt. S I had risen. 
IMPER. Leve-loi, qu'U se leve; levons-nous, Icvez-vous, qu'ils se levent. 



IMPERSONAL VERBS, II y a; il faut 

II y a, Ihirf is, there are; 

II y a on, tierc has been, or have been; 

II y avoii, il y avoit eu ; il y eut, il y eut eu ; 

n y aura, il y aura eu ; il y auroit; il y auroit 

eu ; qu'il y ait, qu'il y ait eu; qu'il y cut; qu'il 

y cut eu. 

Y a-t-il : is there, are there? y a-t-il eu 1 has 
thrre been, have there been? U n'y a pas, there is 



not, there arc not; il n'y a pas eu, there has not 
been, there hare not been. — N'y a-t-il pas? is not 
there, are not th^re? n'y a-t-il pas eu 1 has not 
there been, have not there been ? 

il faut, one must, it 7nust, it is necessary; il a 
fallu ; il failoit, il avoit fallu ; il fallut, !l eul 
fallu; il faudra, il aura fallu; il faudroit, il 
auroit fallu, qu'il faille, qu'il ait fallu; qu'il 
fallut, qu'il efit faWu—I must go to Paris, il faut 
que j'aille a Paris ; you must go to Paris, il faut 



XXlX 



que vous alliez k Paris— This verb is not imper 

Bonai in English, and it always requires the sab- 

junaive in French, after the conjunction que. 

11 y a un honime, there is a man; 

II y a des honinies, there are men — 

And so on througliout this verb, in which the 



themselves, or only with one or two derivatives 
— The lormer we shall class according to the ter 
mination of their inlinitive, gerund, and partici- 
ple ; and of the latter we shall give an alphabe- 
tical list. 
N. B. Where only the first person of a tense 



singular in French answers to the singular and is given, the other persons may easily be known 
plural in English. ~ 



by \.\\e paradigm, p. xxii. Thxisfiraiijebus, &c. 
look fur tile future and preterite in the paradigm. 
and you will easily add ; tu iras-, il ira; lu bus, 
it but, &c. 

The leading irregular verbs ate— f aire, icrire, 

dire, tenir, devoir, mettre, courir,prendrefCOur)rir. 

I. Class of irregular Verbs from FAIRE, FAISANT, FAIT. 

FAIRE, faisant, fait, j'ai fait ; to do, make. 

e fais, fais, fait ; faisons, faites, font. Je faisois ; fis ; ferai ; ferois; 

fasse; fisse. Fais qu'il fasse; faisons, faites, qu'ils fassent. 

contrefaisant, j'ai contrefait to counterfeit 

defaisant, j'ai d6fait — undo 

only and forfait forfeit 

parfaisant, j'ai parfait — complete 

red6faisant, j'ai red6fait — undo again 

satisfaisant, j'ai satisfait — satisfy 

surfaisant, j'ai surfait — ask too much 

U. Class of irregular Verbs in CRIRE, CRIVANT, CRIT. 
ECRIRE, (icrivant, 6crit, j'ai 6crit; to lorite. 
J'6cris, tu 6cris, ecrit ; 6crivons, 6crivez, 6crivent; j'6crivois; 6crivis; ^crirai ; ^crirois. 
Que j'6crive; 6crivisse; 6cris ; qu'il ecrive; 6crivons, ectivez, qu'ils 6crivent. 



IRREGULAR VERBS. 
Among the irregular verbs some have many 
derivatives; that is, other verbs which have the 
same irregularities. Several stand irregular of 



Contreftiire, 

D6faire, 

Forfaire, 

Parfaire, 

Red6faire, 

Satisfaire, 

Surfaire, 



Circonscrire, 

D6crire, 

Inscrire, 

Prescrire, 

Proscrire, 

R6crire, 

Souscrire, 

Transcrire, 



circonscnvant, 

decrivarit, 

inscrivant, 

prescrivant, 

proscrivant, 

recrivant, 

souscrivant, 

transcrivant, 



j'ai cnconscrit 
j'ai d^crit 
j'ai inscrit 
j'ai prescrit 
j'ai proscrit 
j'ai r6crit 
j'ai souscrit 
j'ai transcrit 



to circumscribe 
— describe 
— inscribe 
— prescribe 
— proscribe 
— write again 
— subscribe 
— transcribe 



Je dis, dis, dit 



III. Clasf of irregular Verbs in IRE, ISANT, IT. 
DIRE, disant, dit; j'ai dit; to say, tdl. 

; disons, ditt's, disent. Jedisois; dis; dirai ; dirois. Queje dise; 
disse. Dis, qu'il dise ; disons, ditcs, qu'ils disent. 
confisant, j'ai confit, to preserve fruit 

contredisant, j'ai contredit — contradict 

sc dedisant, jc me suis d6dit — unsay 

interdisant, j'ai interdit, —forbid 

m^disant, j'ai medit, — slander 

prf'idisant, j'ai pr6dit, — foretell 

redisant, j'ai redit — say again 



Confire,* 

Contredire,* 

Se d6dire,* 

Interdire,* 

M6dire,* 

Pr^dire, 

Redire, 

* The six verbs with an asterisk, m.akc dtsez in the second person plural of tlie indicative pre- 
sent, and the same person imperative ; vous cotifiscz, vuus contredisez. 

rV. Class of irregular Verbs in ENIil, EN ANT, ENU. 
Tenir, tenant, tenu, j'ai tenu ; to hold. 

Je tiens, tiens, tienl; tenons, tenez, tiennent. Jo lenois; tins; tiendrai ; tiendrois. Queje 



l-ienne. iennes. icnnc 

tieiinent. 

S'abslenir, 

Appartenir, 

Avenir, 

Con ten ir, 

Contrwenjr, 

Convenir, 

D6tenir, 

Devenir, 

Disconvenir, 

Entretenir, 

Intervenir, 

Maintenir 

Obtenir, 

Parvenir 

Preveiiir, 

Provenir, 

Se ressouvenir, 

Retenir, 

Revenir, 

Soutenir, 

Subvenir, 

Venir, 



t-cnions, eniez, iennent ; tinsse. Tiens, qu'il tienne; tenons, tonez, qu'Uf 



B'abstenant, je me suis abstenu to abstain 

appartenant, j'ai appartenu — belong 

avenant, il est avenu — happen 

conienaiit, j'ai contenu — contain 

contrevenant, j'ai contrevenu — oppose 

convenant, je suis convenu — ag^ree 

deienant, j'ai detenu — detain 

devenant, je suis devenu — become 

disconvenant, je suis disconvenu — detiy 

entietenant, j'ai entretenu — keep vp 

intervenant, je suis iniervenu — intervene 

maintenant, j'ai niaintenu — maintain 

oblenant, j'ai obieuu — obtain 

parsenant, je suis panenu — attain 

pr6venant, j'aipr6venu —anticipate 

provenant, je suis provenu — come from 

se ressouvenant, je me suis ressouvenu — recollect 

retenant, j'airetenu — retain 

revenant, je suis revenu —come back 

soutenant, j'ai soutenu — support 

subvenant, j'ai subvenu — come by chance 

venant, je suis venu — come 
* Convenir, in the sense of to suit, takes avoir in its compound lenses. Ex. Cettc maieon m's 

convenu, & je suis convenu du prLx; that house suited vie, and J have agreed about the pncc. 

French ^cad. 

V. Class of irregular Verbs in evoir, evant, u. 
Devoir, devant, du, j'ai du ; to ove, to be obliged. 

Je dois, dois, doit ; devons, devez, doivent- Je devois ; dus ; devrai ; devrois ; Que je d-oive,oive« 
oive; d-evions, eviez, oivent; dusse. Dois, qu'il doive; devons, devez, qu'ils doivent. 
.\ppercevoir, apperccvant, j'aiapporcu to discover 

concevant, j'ai cuucu — conceive 

dtcevant, j'ai decu — deceive 

percevant, j'ai per^u —obtain 

j'ai recu 



Concevoir 
D6cevoir, 
Percevoir 
Recevoir, 
Red evoir, 



recevant, 
redevant, 



J ai re 



au 



-owe still 



Je mets, tu met 

meite ; misse. 

Adniettre, 

Commeiire, 

Compromctire 

D6mettre, 

Se d^niettre 

S'entremettre, 

Opiettre, 

Permettre, 

Pronieltre, 

Remettre 

Boumettre, 

Transnjeiire, 



VI. Class of irregular Verbs from METTRE, METTA>'T, MIS. 

s, il met; meltons, mettez, mettent. Je mettois, mis; mettrai; mettrolH. 

Slets, qu'il mctte ; mettons, mettez, qu'fls mettent. 



Que 



admettant, 

commettant, 

compromettant, 

dimcttant, 

BC d6mettant, 

8'entremeuant, 

onif'ttaiit, 

p«rmettant, 

promettatit, 

rcmettant, 

eoumottant, 

iransiueliant, 



j'ai admis 

j'ai commis 

j'ai comiiromis 

j'aldtmis 

je me suis d^mis 

je me suis entremia 

j'aiomis 

j'ai permis 

j'ai promia 

j'ai remis 

j'ai souniis 

j'ai iran.>^niia 



to admit 

— commit 

—compromise 

— remote 

—resign, put out 

— mediate 

— omit 

—permit 

—promise 

— replace, deliver 

— submit 

— convey 



XXXI 



VII. Class of irregular Verbs from COURIR, COURANT, COURU. 
COURIR, courant, couiu, j'ai couru ; to run. 
Je coins, cours, court ; courons, couiez, coureut. Jecouiois; courus; couirai; courrois. Queje 
coure ; courusse. Cours, qu'il coure ; courous, courez, qu'ila couient. 



Accourir, 

Concourir, 

Discourir, 

Eucourir, 

Parcourir, 

Recourir, 

Secourir 



accourant, 

conconram, 

discourant, 

encourant, 

parcourant, 

recourant, 

secourant, 



je suis -accouru 
j'ai concouru 
j'ai discouru 
j'ai encouru 
j'ai parcouru 
j'ai recouru 
j'ai secouru 



to run to 
— concur 
— discourse 
— ijicur 
— run over 
— recur to 
— help 



to learn 

— understand 

— unlearn 

—undertake 

— mistake 

— take back, blame 

— surjjrise 



Vin. Class of irregular Verbs from PRENDRE, PRENANT, PRIS. 

PRENDRE, prenant, pris, j'ai pris; to take. 

Je prends, prends, prend ; prenons, prenez, prennent. Je prenois; pris; prendrai prendrois. Q,ue 

je prenn-e, es, e ; pren-ions, iez, prennent ; prisse. Prends, qu'il prenne ; prenons, prenez, qu'ils 

prennent. 

Apprendre, apprenant, j'ai appris 

Coniprendre, comprenant, j'ai compris 

D6sapprendre, d6sapprenant, j'ai dtsappris 

Enlreprendre, entreprenant, j'ai entrepris 

Se mtprendre, se m6prenant, je me suis m^pris 

Rtpreiidre, reprenant, j'ai repris 

isurprendre, surprenant, j'ai surpris 

IX. Class of irregular Verbs in IR, ANT, ERT. 
COUVRIR, couvrant, convert, j'ai convert; to cover. 
Je couvre, couvres. couvre, couvrons, couvrez, couvrent. Je couvrois, couvris, couvrirjii, couvri* 
rois. Que je couvre, couvrisse. Couvre, qu'il coiivre ; couvrons, couvrez, qu'ils couvrent 
D6couvrir, d6couvrant, j'ai d6couvert to discover 

Entr'ouvrir, entr'ouvrant, j'ai er.tr'ouvert — open a little 

M6sofffir, m6soffrant, j'ai m^soffert —underbid 

Offrir, offrant, j'ai otiert —offer 

Ouvrir, ouvrant, j'ai ouvcrt — open 

Recouvrir, recouvrant j'ai recouveit — cover up 

R'ouvTir, r'ouvrant, j'ai r'ouvert — open again 

Souffrir, Bouffrant, j'ai souffert —suffer 

AN ALPHABETICAL LIST 
Of the irregular Verbs which cannot be classed. 
N. B. The a.sterisk (*) announces a verb defective in tlie tenses wliich are not mentioned. The 
obpIi-^l< and asterislt together (t*) point at a verb at once defective and obsolete. 

We have omitted the imperative mood, the tl)ird persons of which are supplied by the pr. of the 
subjunctive ; and the otliers by the pr. of the indicative, Ex. acquires, quii acquiere ; acqu6rons, 
acquerez, qu'ils acquierent. 



* Absoudre, to absolve; absolvant; absous, ab- 
souto; j'ai alisous. J'absous, absous, absout, 
nous absolvons, absolvez, absolvent. J'absolvois, 
alisoudrai, absoudrois. Que j'absolve.— /»^7Jl^ceH- 
ler supplies it 



AccMvWWx, to welcome; accueillant, accueilli ; 
j'ai acrueilli. J'accueille; accueillois; accucillis; 
accueillerai ; accueillerois. Que j'accueille ; ac- 
cueillisse. 

* Arcrolre is only used in the infinitive uith the 



Abstraire, to abstract; abstrait, j'ai abstrait. hdp of fairc ; a.«, faire accroiro, en fnire ncrroiro, 

J'abstrais, ais, ait, nous abstrayons, ayez, aient. to dccrivr; s'en ftiirc accroire, fo be srlf-(o»niie,l 

J'ahstraiiai— rois; the defective tenses are sup- Arqucrir, to nrquirr; arqii^rnnt, arrpiis, jni 

;;;/>(/*«/ faire abstraction. acquis, J'ncquiers, Wra, iert, nous nrqu* rone, 



acqu<^rcz, acquierent. J'acqu6rois; acquis ;ac- 
querrai; acqufirois. Que j'acquiere, ieres, iere; 
acqu6rioiio, eriez, ierent, acqiiisse. 

AJler, to go; allant, allC ; etre all6, avoir 6t6. 
Je vais, lu va^, il va; nous aliens, ailez, .voiit. 
J'allois; allai or fus; irai ; irois. Q,ue j'aille, 
aill(s, aille ; allions, alliez, allient ; allasse. 

t* Apparoir, to be evidctU, (in law.) 11 appcrt, 
it is'cvidcnt. 

Assaillir, to assault; assaillani, assailli; j'ai 
assailli. J'ai-saill-e, es, e; irons a&sailions, fz, 
cnt. J'ass^aillois; assaillis; assaillirai , assailli- 
rois. Que j'as^aille , assailliBse ; 

S'asseoir, to sit down; s'assejant, je me suis 
assis. Je m'assieds, tu I'assieds, il s'assied ; nous 
nous "ass6yons, 6yez, eyent. Je nf asseyois, je 
m'assis, je m'assierai, je m'assiOrois. Que je 
ni'asseye ; je in'assisse — Grammarians cio uot 
agree about tlie oiUiugraphy of tills verb; we 
follow here the French Jicad. 

Boire, to drink; buvant, bu, j'ai bu. Je bois, 
bois, bolt ; nous Imv-ons, ez, boi vent. Je buvois ; 
bus; boiiai; boirois. Que jc boiv-e, es, e; bu- 
vions, iez, boivent ; biisse. 

Bouillir, to boil; bouillant, bouiili; j'ai bouilli. 
Je bous, bous, bout: nous bouillons, ez, ent; je 
bouillois; bouillis; bouiliirai; bouillirois. Que 
je bouille; bouiilisse. 

* Braire, to bray; il brait, ilsbraient; il braira, 
ils brairont; il brairoit, ils brairoienl. — Crier 
comiiie un dne, supplies it. 

t* Druire, to roar, bluster; il bruyoit; les flots 
bruyoienl; the wines roared — ^^ro/jJcr supplies it. 

t* Choir, to fall; chyi, fallen— Tomber supphts 
it. 

Circoncire, to circumcise; circoncisant, circon- 
cis : j'ai circoncis. Je circonc is, is ; it isons, isez, 
isent. Je circoncisois ; circoncis; irai; irois. Que 
je circoncise ; isse. 

* Clorre, to close; closant, clos, j'ai clos ; je clos, 
tu clos, il ch'it. Je clorrai, je clorrois. Que je 
close — Firmer and bouchcr supply it. 

Complaire, to huinaur, to comply ; j'ai complu 
—like pi aire. 

Conclure, to conclude; concluant, conclu; j'ai 
conclu. Je concl-us, us, ut; nous concl-uons, 
uez, uenl ; je coucl-uois ; us ; urai ; urois. Que je 
concl-ue ; usse. 

Conqu6iir, to conquer; conqut^rant, conquis, 
j'ai conquis. Je conqu-iers, iers, iert; 6ron8, 
erez, ierent. Je conqu6rois; conquis; conquer- 
rai ; conquerrois. Que je conqu-icre, ieres ; iere ; 
conqu-6rions, 6riez, ierent; conquisse. 

Convaincre, to convince; j'ai convaincu — like 
vaincre. 



Couilre, to sew; cousnnt, cousu ; j'fil coUBli. 
Je couds, couds, cond, nous cousons, ez, ent; je 
cous-ois; is; jecoud-rai; rois. Que je cous-c ; 
isse— ^'e cousus, je coususse, are bad French. 

Croire, £tf believe; croyant, cru ; j'ai cru. Je 
crois, crois, croit ; nous croyons, croyez, croient. 
Jecroyois; crus; croi-rai; rois. Que jc croie, 
cioies, croie; croyious ; iez, croient; je cru&»e. 

Cueillir, to gather; cueillant, cueilli ; j'ai cu- 
eilli. Je cuei(l-e, es, e; nous cueill-ons, ez, ent. 
Je cueiil-ois; is; erai ; erois. Que je cueillc ; 
cueillisse. 

* Dcclioir, tj) decay; dechu ; je suis dechu. Je 
d^chois, ois, oil; noiisdechoyons. oyez, dechoi- 
ent. Jedetbus; decherrai; decherrois. Queje 
dech oie, oirs, oie; oyioius, oyiez, oient, dechusso. 
— Baissrr, decliner, supply it. 

* Declorip, to unclose, to op'it; j'ai d^clos— 
conjugated like clorre, and wanting tlie same 
tenst's — Ouvrir supplies it. 

Decoudre, to unstw; yai dticouse — like coudrc. 

* Defaillir, (o decay; nous del-aillons, aillCz, 
aillent. J'aidefaiUi; jc defaillois; je defaillis— 
Decliner, tombcr, supplj' it. 

t* Demouvoir, (a ^aw term) to inahe one desist 
of his pretensions — The infinitive is the only 
word in use — Deboutcr, might siipi)ly the rest. 

D^plaire, to displease; j'ai deplu — like plaire. 

* Distraire, to take from, to disturb; j'ai dis- 
trait — like abstraire. Enlcvcr and dissiper may 
suj)ply it. 

* Dissoudre, to dissolve; j'ai dissous — like ab- 
soudre — Fondre, and annulUr may .<upply it. 

Elire, to elect; j'ai elu— /lAf lire. 

Emondre, to whet; j'ai ^moulu — like moudre. 

Emouvoir, to stir up, to move; jai 6mu — like 
mouvoir. 

Eclorre, to be hatched; mcs vers a soie sonl 
•icios, viy silk-worms are hatched— like clorre — 
S'ouvrir, and paroitre, supply it. 

* Knclorre, to enclose, to surround; j'ai enclos 
— like clorre — Entourer and renfermer S\ipp\y it. 

Enqu6rir, s'enqu6rir, to inquire after; je mo 
suis enquis — like acquerir. 

S'ensuivre, (impersonal) to folloic, ensue; s'en- 
suivant, il s'est ensuivi ; il s'ensuit; s'ensuivoit; 
s'ensuivit ; s'ensuivra ; s'ensuivroit. Qu'il s'en- 
suive; s'ensuivit. 

Entrevoir, to have a glimpse at, to guess; j'ai 
entrevu— ^Av voir. 

Envoyer, to send; envoyant, eiivoy6, j'ai en- 
voy6. J'envoi-e, es, e ; nous envoy-ons, ez, eii- 
voient. J'envoyois; envoyai; enverrai; enver- 
rois. Que j'envoi-e, es, e; envoyions, iez, eu 
voient ; envoyasse. 



fixclare, to czciude; excluant, cxclus, m. exclue 
»«i excluse, /. J'ai exclu ; je suis exclus, je suis 
e.xclue, elle a ete excluse. j'exclus, us, ut; uons, 
uez, umt. — J'exclu-ois; us; urai; uiois< due 
j'excl-ue; usse. 

* Exiraire, to extract; j'ai extrail — like ab- 
<traire— /aire uu eztrait, depouiller aiay supply 
it. 

t* Pailiir, to fail, be less, faillant, j'ai failli. 
Je faux, faux, faut, faill-ons, ez, ent. Je faillis; 
je faudrai— /atWir, je faillis, and the coinpouud 
lenses j'ai failli, &c. are still in use — Manquer, 
se tromper, t»iiibcr, supply it. 

t^ Forir, to strike, is only used in this phrase ; 
Bans coup tanr, witkoat striking a bloio — frapper 
supplies the test. 

* Frire, to fry; frit, frite, j'ai frit. Je fris, tu 
fris, il frit ; je frirai ; frirois — Fricasser supplies 
it. 

Fuir, to fly; fuyant, fui, j'ai fui. Je fu-is, is, it; 
nous fuy-ons, ez, fui-ent. Je fuyois, fnis ; fuiral ; 
fuirois. Que je fuie ; fuisse — Je pris la fuite, je 
prisse la fuite, are mure in use for Uie preterite 
tewa'cs— S'enfuir, s'enfuyant, je me suis enfui, is 
tonjagated like fuir. 

t* Giisir, to lie; nous gisons, ils gisent; il gi- 
Boit ; ci-git, here lies ; tout git en cela, the whole 
point lies in that — etre couche, 6tre situ6, may 
supply it. 

Hair, lu hate; iiaissant, ha'i, j'ai hai. Je hais, 
tu hais, il hait; nous haissons, ez, ent. Je hais- 
6oid ; is ; irai ; irois. Que je haisse ; haisse — The 
want of the trema is the only irregularity of this 
verb. 

t* l.<sir, to come from; issu, (in genealogy) de- 
scanded; and issant, (in heraldry) rising out, are 
the only words in use — dcscendre supplies it. 

Lire, to read, lisant, lu, j'ai lu. Je lis, lis, lit; 
nou.s lis-ons, ez, ent. Jelisois; lus: lirai ; lirois. 
Que je lise ; lusse. 

Mandire, to curse; maudissant, maudil, j'ai 
mandit. Je maud-is, is, it ; issons, issez, issent. 
Jt; mau'i-issois ; is ; irai ; irois. Que je maud- 
issa ; maudi:;se. 

Moudre, to grind; moulant, moulu, j'ai moulii. 
Je m<»u-ds, ds, d ; nous moul-ons, ez, ent. Je 
moul-ois ; us ; je moud-rai ; rois. Que je moul-e, 
usse. 

Mourir, to die; mourant, mort, je suis mort. 
Je meurs, nieurs, meitrt ; nous mourons, ez, 
meurent. Je mour-ois ; us ; mour-rai ; rois. 
Que je meur-e, es, e; mour-ions, iez, meurent; 
mourusse. , 

Mouvoir, to move; mouvant, mu, j'ai mii. Je 
meus, meus, meat; nous mouvons, ez, raeu- 



vent. Je mouvois ; m'.is ; mouv-rai ; rois. Que je 
meuv-e, es, e; mouv-ions, iez, meuvent; je musse. 

Naitre, to be born; naissant, n6, je suis n6. 
Je nais, nais, nait ; nous naiss-ons, ez, ent. Je 
naissois ; naquis ; nait-rai ; rois. Que je naisse ; 
naquisse. 

*t Ouir, to hear; j'ai ou'i, I have heard; j'ouis, 
/ heard. Que j'ouisse, that I might hear — J'ois ; 
j'oyois; oyez, &c. are quite obsolete— EnioaAxQ 
supplies ouir. 

* Faitre, to graze, to feed; paissant ; I'oiseau 
a pii, the bird has fed. Je p-ais, ais, alt ; nous 
p-aissons, aissez, aissent. Je paissois, paitrai, 
paitrois. Que je pa.isse— Manger and nourrir 
supply the deficient tenses. 

Plaire, to please; plaisant, phi, j'a! plu. Je 
pl-ais, ais, ait; nous plais-ons, ez, aisent. Je 
plaisois, plus, plairai, plairois. Que je plaise: 
plusse. 

Pleuvoir, to rain; il a plu, il pleuf, pjeuvoit, 
plut, pleuvra, pleuvroit. Qu'il pleuve, qu'il pliit, 
— The third person plural is used fgurat. IjCS 
honneurs pleuvent chez lui, honours pour upon 
him. 

Poursuivre, to pursue; j'ai poursuivi— Zi&c 
suivre. 

Pourvoir, to provide; pourvoyant, pourvu, j'ai 
pourvu. Je pourv-ois, ois, oit ; oyons, oyez, oienl. 
Jc pourvoyois, pourvus; pourvoirai ; pourvoirois. 
Que je pourv-oie, oics, oie ; pourv-oyions, oyiez, 
oienl ; pourvusse. 

Pouvoir, to be able; f)ouvant, pu, j'ai pu. Je 
puis or peux, peux, pent; nous pouvons, ez, peu- 
vent. Je pouvois; pus; pourrai; pourrois. Que 
je puisse ; pusse. 

Pr^valoir, to prevail; pr(^valant, pr^valn, j'ai 
prevalu. Je prev-aux, aux, aut ; nous pr6val- 
ons, ez, ent. Je pr6val-ois ; us; pr6vaud-rai ; rois. 
Que je preva le; pr6valusse. 

Pre voir, to foresee; prevoyant, pr6vu ; j'ai pr<^- 
vu. Je prcv-ois, ois, oit ; oj'ons, oyez, oient. Je 
pr6voyois; prcvis, pr6voirai ; pr6voirois. Que 
je prcv-oie, oies, oie, oyions, oyiez, oient; pr6- 
visse. 

* PrornouvoJr, to promote; proinu, j'ai prt)mu 
— .Ivanccr supplies the rest. 

* Querir, to bring, to fetch — Only used in the 
infinitive, with the verbs aller, venir, and envo- 
ycr; as allei querir, go and fetch. 

Se Rasseoir, to sit again, settle; je nie suis 
rassis — like s'asseoir. 

Rebouillir, to boil again; j'ai rebouilli— h'Ae 
bouillir. 

Recoudre, to sew again; j'ai recousu— /i7c« 
coudrf. 



Recueillir, to gather^ to collect; j'ai recueilli— 
tike cueillir. 

Relire, to read again; j'ai xe\\x—like lire. 

Kemoudre, to grind again; j'ai reiiioulu— Zj'Ae 
nioudre. 

Renaitre, to be bom again, to be revived — like 
naiUe, but Uie participle rene is rallier obsolete. 

* Rentraite, to Jiuedraw ; j'ai rentrait — like 
traire, and wants the same tenses — Jiejoindre 
may supply it. 

Repaiire, to feed; repaissant, repu ; j'ai repu. 
Je rep-ais, ais, ait; aissfnis, ais^^oz, aissent. Je 
repaissois ; repus ; rcpaiirai; repaurois. Q,ueje 
repaiii-e ; repusse. 

Requerir, to require; j'ai requis — like acqu6- 
rjr. 

Resoudre, to resolve; resolvant, resolii, j'ai 
r6solu. Jf resous, oiis, out; nous resulvons, ol- 
vez, oivent. Je resolvois; resolus; rcdouUrai; 
resoudroip. Que jt; resolve ; resolusse. — Jiesou- 
dre, in tlie sense of clia;>i.'ing a thin!| isiio another, 
lias nsoiis for its participle, and lias no feminine; 
as un broaillard lesous en pluie, a fog re.soloed 
into rain. 

Revaioir, to be even icith one; je Ini ai revalu 
— like valour. 

Revetir, to invest with; rev^lant, revfetu, j'ai 
reveiu. Je revets, ftts, et ; rev-ctons, ftlez, clent. 
Jerev-fttois; etis; etirai; eiirois. Que jerevoie; 
revetisse. 

Revivie, to revive; j'ai revecu — like vivre. 

Revoir., to see again; j'ai revii — like voir. 

Rire, t'j laugh; riant, ri, j'ai ri. Je ri-s, s, t; 
liCus ri ons, tz, eni. Je riois , rb, rirai, rirois. 
Q.ie je r-ii', es, e; ion.-j, iez, enl ; risse. 

* Sailiir, in tlie sen.><e of to gush out, is regular, 
but in the sense of to jut out, it is irrej:ii!ar, and 
lias only the foliowing iciminatioiis — yailljr, to 
jvt out ; ce l)a!c<»:i sailie, sailloil, saillera, saille- 
roil trop; fAw balzomj juts out too much, v\c. 
.""aiilani, saillante, salient, projecting, is an ad- 
jective. 

Savt(ir, to know; sachant, su, j'ai su. Je s-ais, 
ni>, ait; nous sav-on«', oz, ent. Jesavois; sus ; 
r-uiitii ; saurois. Que jo saclie ; susse. 

t* S«'oir, to Of come, to Jit well — thai verb is ob- 
solete in the inri)iitivc seoir, and gerund scyant. 
'Vim following tenses are still in use — II sied, ils 
BJeeni ; il .«eyoit, lis soyoient ; ii siera, ils sie- 
ronl ; il si6roil, il sieroient. Ex. Cette couleur 
VDUs sif;d bien, that colour fits yon well; ens ma- 
niert.s ne lui t>\wn\. pas, such manni-rs do not bc- 
iimc ki'A. Alter bien, convenir, may snpph/ the 
•■c.H. 

t' Secir, to sit, be situated; ii(:an{, sittir'g; sis, 



sise, situated (law terms) are Ike only uordo in 
tise — etie situe supplies it 

t* Soudre, to suioc, or reii/^te—qiiiie obsolete 
^-li.ci-oudre, suppiiis it. 

t* tiourd.'o, to spring out, has only the innni- 
live, and il sourd; I'eau sourd de la lerre, the tea 
ter springs out of ilie earth — Sortir may supply it 

Sourire, to sviiLc; j'ai stjuri — like riie. 

* iSoustraire, to subtract, take from; j'ai sou* 
li ait — like absuairc — uter, supplies it. 

Sutfiie, to sujjice; suliisant, sulli, j'ai suffi. Jj 
Euli-is, is, it ; nous sufi-isous, isez, i&ent. Je suf- 
lisois ; suflis ; sunVai ; sufiirois. Que jc sulhsc ; 
suffissc. 

Suivre, to follow; suivant, suivi, j'ai suivi. 
Je suis, suis, suit; nous suiv-ons, cz, enl. Je 
suivois ; suivis ; suivrai ; suivrois. Que je suive 
suivisse. 

Surseoir, to supersede, to put off; only used in 
law in tne following tenses — Sursoyant, sursis 
j'ai sursis. Je ^ui^-ois, nis, oil ; nous surs-oyor.s, 
oyent, oieiu. Je sursoyois, sursis ; surseoirai ; 
surseoirois. Que je surs-oie, oies, oie; oyions, 
oyiez, oient; sursisse. — Suspendre lemcttre, dif- 
lertT, may supply it. 

Survivre, to outlive; j'ai survdcu — like vivre. 

Taire, to conceal; j'ai tu — Se taire, to hold one'i 
tongue, je nic suis lu — like plaire. 

* Tiaiie, to tailk; trayanl, trait, j'ai trait. Je 
ti^ais, ais, ail; nou.« tray-ons, ez, iraieut. Ji: Ira 
yois; trairai ; trairois. Que je ir-aie, aies, aie, 
ayions, ayiez, aietU. — 7'irtr may sujiply ihe two 
preterite lenses. 

*t Tistre, to weave, (obsolete) is supplied by 
tisser, a verb quite regular, except in ila partiti- 
jile, tissu, woven. 

Tressaillir, to start; trcssaillant, j'ai tressailli. 
Je iressaill-e, es, e ; ons, ez, ent. Je tre^aili- 
ois ; is ; irai ; iiois. Que je tressaill-e ; isse. 

Vaincre, to vanquish; vaiix-ant, vahicu, j'ai 
vaincu. Je vaiacs, vaincs, vaine ; vainquons, ez, 
ent. Je vainquois, vainquis; vaincrai ; vain- 
crois. Que jevaiiique; vainqui.-sc, — Tiie three 
persons singular of tiie indicative inesciil are 
belter supplitrd by /c suis victoricux, &.C. 

Valoir, lo be icorth; valant, valu, j'ai valu. Je 
vaux, vaux, vaul ; nous val-ons, ez, ent. Je va- 
lois; valus; vandiai ; vandrois. Que je v-a;Ue, 
allies, aille; aiions, aliez, aillent; vaiussc- 

V^ijr, to dress; v6ia:it, vciu, j'ai vetu. Je vr ts, 
xti?, v6i ; nous vcI-o;ih, ez, cut. Je \ dt-ois ; vci 
is; vet-irai ; vet-iroi-;. Que je voic ; vc ti^se — The 
three persons sinnular of the indiciUve preseni 
arr better supiilieil by habillr. 

Vivre, to lice; vivant, vecu, j'ai vecu. Jt: vis, 



XXXV 



Vouloir, to be willing; voulant, voulu. Je 
veux, veux, veut; nous voul-ona, cz, veulent. 
Je voulois ; voulus ; voudrai ; voudrois. Que je 
v-euille, euilles, euille; oulions, ouliez; euillenl; 
voulusse. 



vis, vit ; nous viv-onf?, ez, ent. Je vivois ; v6- 

cus ; vivrai ; vivrois. Que je vive ; v6cusse. 
Voir, to see; voyant, vu, j'ai vu. Je vols. 

vois, voit ; nous voy-ons, ci, voient. Je voyois 

vis; verrai; vorrois. Que je v-oie, oies, oie 

oyions oyiez, oiciit; visse. 

CHIEF PREPOSITIONS, 
with a JsToun to determine their Regimen. 
A trois iieures. Parlez a Sophie 
Avam vous ; avant midi 
Apros la guerre. Marchez apres lui 
Aupres du feu. II est bien aupres du roi 
Avcc ma soeur. En guerre avec la France 
Aiitour de la inaison. Aulour de moi 
Chez lui, Chez elle ; chez les Romains 
Ci)ncernant cette affaire importantc 
Contre inon avis. Sa maison est contre la mieiine 
Dans ma chambre. II est tomb6 dans I'eau 
La ville de Paris. Je viens de chez vous. De nuit 
Deca If's Aipes; en-deca les Alpes 
Defii les Pyrenees ; au-deli'i du Rhin 
Depuis mon retour ; depuis Landreci 

Chercliez dessus & dessous le li 



A, at, to 

Avant, before 

ApreF, after, next to 

Aupres, near, with 

Avec, with, against 

Autour, about, round 

Cliez, at, to, among 

Concernant, concerning 

CoiUre, against, near 

Dans, i», into 

De, of, from, by, &.C. 

Deca, on this side 

Dela, 071 that side 

Depuis, since, from 

Dessus, on, upon, above } 

Dessous, under, beneath I 

Devant, before 

Derriere, behind 

Des, from, very 

Durant, during 

En, in, into 

Entre, between 

Euvers, towaras 

Environ, about 

Excepts, except, but 

Fame (le, for want of 

Ifors, lionnis, except 

Dors do, out of 

Jiisquo, ti/l, as far as 

Loin df., far from. 

Mali.'r<;, in spite of 

Moyoiuiant, by means 

Noriobstar.t, notwithstanding 

Oiitre, besides, beyond 

Par, by, through, &c. 

Parmi, among 

Pundaiit, during 

Pour, for 

Pres, near, next to 

Proche, near, by 

Quant a, as to, as for 

Sans, without; were it not for; 

but for 
Sauf, except, with deference to 
Sot'.s, under 
gdon, according to 



Devant le feu; devant le miroir 

Derriere la pone; derriere vous 

Des cinq heurcs; des ce matin 

Durant la guerre; six ans durant 

En lil)erl6. L'eau s'6chappe en vapeur 

Entre votre frere & ma soeur 

Erivors Dieu. Eiivers lui &. nioi 

Environ quinze ans; environ deux heures 

Excepte votre cousine 

Faute dV^conomie ; faute d'argent 

Hors votre frere. Hormis I'honneur 

Hors de danger; hors du royaume 

Jasqu'a Paris ; jusqu'au bout, jusque la 

Loin de la eour. Loin de scs amis 

Malgrti votre pe.re. Malgre les difficult(!& 

Moyennant sa protection ; moyennant du terns 

Nonobstant la trahison de ces coquins 

Outre scs detles. Outre nier 

Par son ordre. Par 1-a feiietre 

Parmi la noblesse. Parmi vous 

Pendant I'automne. Pendant le sermon 

Pour la paix ; pour vous, pour moi 

Pres de la tour; pres de neuf heurea 

Proche le palais ; proche du palais 

Quant a moi j'aiiiie la sinc6rit6 

Point d'amiti* sans franchise. Sans eux tout iroit blen 

Tout est perdu sauf I'esp^rance. Sauf votre meilleur avii 
Sous votre protection. Sous la table 
Coniportez vous selon les lois 



XXXVl 



Suivant, according to 
Sur, on, upon, above 
Touchant, concerning 
Vera, towards, about 
Vi3-a-vi3, opposite 
Vu, considering 



Suivanl I'ordre du roi 
Sur ma parole. Sur nos ifetes 
Toucliant cettc raalheureuse affaire 
Vers I'orient. Vers l'ann6e 1819 
Vis-a-vis r6glise; ris-a-vis de I'^glise 
Vu les circonstances presenles 



CHIEF CONJUxXCTIONS, 

With a Verb to exemplify the Mwd they require. 
The following Conjunctions govern the Indicative 



Ainsi que, as; as well af 

A ce que, according to; as 

A mesure que, in proportion as 

Apres que, ic/ien 

Attendu que, as; because 

Aussiidt que, as soon as 

Autant que, as far as 

Comme, koic, as 

Des que, as soon as 

Depuis que, since 

Lorsque, when 

Parceque, because 

Pendant que, while 

Puisque, seeing that, since 

Quand, when 

Selon que, according to; a 

Si, if, whether 

Sitot que, as soon as 

Tamils que, while 

Tant que, as long as 



Ainsi que je vous I'ai dit 

A ce que je puis juger 

A mesure que je uavaille 

Apres que vous aunz din6 

Attendu qu'il a tort 

Aussiiot que vous serez rentr6 

Autani que je puis croire 

Voyez comme ils dispulenl 

Des que la paix sera faite 

Depuis que vous etcs a Londres 

Lorsque le roi paroitra 

Parceque je vous aime 

Pendant que nous somnes libres 

Puisque vous ni'aimez 

Quand vous viendrcz chez moi 

Selon qu'il etudiera 

Si vous venez ; s'il est pauvre ou rio: 

Sit6t que nous tiimes dine 

Tandis qu'il fait beau terns 

Tant que je serai a Batli 

Vu qu'il est ignorant 



Vu que, seeing that, because 

The following Conjunctions govern the Substantive. 



* A condition que, on condition that 
A Dieu ne plaise que, Ood forbid 
A fin que, that; to the end that 
A moins que, ne, unless 
Avant que, before 
Au cas que, in case; if 
Bien que, tho\ although 
De crainte que, ne, /or fear 
De peur que, ne, for fear; lest 
Dieu veuille que, God grant 
En cas que, in case; if 
Encore que, although 
Loin que, /ar from 
Moyennant que, provided that 
Plaise a Dieu que, God grant 
Pour que, to the end that 
Pourvu que, provided that 



A condition qu'il le dise 

A Dieu ne plaise qu'il meure 

Afin que vous s<n ez en repos 

A moins que vous ne veniez chez moi 

Avamt que nous fussions Iev63 

Au cas qu'on vous appercoive 

Bien que je sois pauvre 

De crainte qu'il ne meure 

De peur qu'il ne viennc 

Dieu veuille qu'il reviennc 

En cas que je ne sois pcis chez moi 

Encore que vous soyez riche 

Loin que nous soyons vaincus 

Moyennant qu'il vienne 

Plaise a Dieu que nous ayons la paix 

Pour que j'aille en France 

Pourvu qu'elle soil honorable 



* A condition que, Is also conatrued with the future and conditional ; but then it means certaintf 
and not mere supposition. 



xxxvu 



Clnoique, although ' Quoique vous soyez sans amis C 

s?ans que, without Sans que j'y aille ^. i 

•Soil que, whether Soit que vous y alliez ou non 

Suppose que, suppose that Suppose qu'ils fissent la paix 

The following Conjunctions govern the Infinitive. 
A, to, in J'aime— je me plais a converser 

De, to; of Cessez de lui parler. Le plaisir d'obllger 

Pour, to; in order to Pour jouer ; piour se divertir 

I'ar, by, with II finira par se ruiner 

Apres, after Apres, avoh din6 ; apres, s'Stre battu 

Sans, without Sans aimer, sans boire, sans manger. 

N. B. Remember that the conjunctions d, de, pour, apres, par, sans, can only govern verbs in the 
infinilive; and never say: d'ayant, sans ay ant, apres s' etant battu, par se iminant, par V ayant 
fait — or such like expressions. It is a gross error, which beginners leave off with difficulty. 

CHIEF ADVERBS. 
Most of the French adjectives may become adverbs, by the addition of ment to their masculine, 
if ending in e,i, u; or to their feminine, if ending otherwise. Ex. ais<^, poll, absolu, sage, doux, 
vif, adj. Aisement, poliment, absolument, sagement, doucement, vivement, ad. <S-c. <!S-c. Such ad- 
verbs we leave to the Dictionary, and practice in reading ; we only select here those that are radical 
of tiieinselves, or the meaning of which is not sufliciently explained by their etymology. 



A califourchon, astride 

A contre-coeur, unwillingly 

A couvert, sheltered 

A decouvert, openly 

A di'ssein, on purpose 

A droite, on the right 

\ faux, wrongly 

A. foison, plentifully 

A fond, thoroughly 

A tleur d'cau, even with the water 

A gauche, on the left 

A jamais, /or ever 

Ailleurs, elsewhere 

Aiiisi, thus 

A la file, in a row 

A la t'ois, at once 

A la Fran^oise, after the French way 

A r amiable, amicably 

A !a legere, wantonly 

A la renverse, backwards 

A la londe, round about 

A la volee, at random 

A r6(;art, aside 

A Pendroit, on the right side 

A r en vers, on the wrong side 

A renvi, vying icith one another 

A Vv.lounWe, rashly 

A I'improviste, unawares 

Alors, then, at that time 

A nierveille, exceeding well 

A peine, hardly 

. . plate couture, totally; soundly 



Aller a caUfourchon 

J'agis a contre-coeur, 

Nous sommes a couvert 

Parlez a d6couvert 

Je I'ai fait adcssein 

Tournez a droite, puis a gauche 

Vous maccusez a faux 

Nous avons de tout a foison 

Je connois cet homme a fond 

La digue est a fleur d'eau 

Prenez a gauche, & tournez a droite 

II est a jamais ruin6 

Je m'ennuie ici, allons aiileurs 

Vous le poulcz aiiisi, j'y consens 

lis entrevent tous ;i la file 

Voui entteprenez trop a la foia 

Nous vivons a la Francoise 

Arrangez-vous a ramiable 

Ne faites rien a la Itigere 

Vous tomberez a la renverse 

Buvons a la ronde 

II parle toujours a la vol6e 

Je lui parlorai a I'^cart 

Regardez cette 6toffe a I'endrolt 

Vos bas sont a I'envers 

Ces demoiselles 6tudient a I'envi 

Vous avez agi a I'tlourdie 

Votre frere est survenu a rimproviste 

Je demeurois alni-s a Paris 

Votre sceur danse a merveille 

A peine sait-il fire 

lis ont &Ub baitus a plate couture 



A plaisir, designedly; well 

A pleiii, jfu//y 

A ploriib, ptrpendicidarly 

A point nom;ue, in the very time 

Apros, after 

A propos, in time; properly 

A quartier, aside 

A reculons, backwards 

Assez, enough 

A tatons, groping along; in.the dark 

A tort, wrongly 

Au d6[xjurvu, unawares 

Ajourd'hui, to-day; now-a-days 

Auparavant, bffore 

Auiant, as much, as many 

Autr 'fois, formerly 

Auvaiit, /ur, dtep 

Aulour, round; about 

Beaucoup, much., many 

Bien, well; much 

Bientot, soon 

ca & la, here and there 

C6ans, here 

Cependant, in tlu mean time; however 

C«rtes, indeed 

Combicn, how much, how many 

Comment, how 

D'abord, at first 

Davantage, more 

De biais, slopingly 

De bonne foi, sincerely 

De bon jeu, fairly 

De but en blanc, bluntly; rashly 

De front, abreast; side by sidt 

De guet-apens, wilfully 

De guingois, awry 

De gr6, willingly 

Dehors, out; not at home 

De jour, by day 

Demain, to-morrow 

De niveau, on a level 

De nuit, by night 

De plus, besides, moreover 

De plus belle, again and again 

Depuis, since 

De gaiet6 de coeur, on purpose 

Derechef, again 

Derriere, behind 

Des-lors, even then 

De son chef, of his own accord 

Desormais, henceforth 

Devant, before 

Dor6navant,/ar the future 

Encore, yet: again.- still 

Enfin, at length 



Cet habit est fait a plaisir 

Frapptz le voJant a ploin (shuttle-cock) 

Cette niuraiile est a plomb 

Vous etes venu a point noinm^ 

Vous irez devant &: lui apres 

Nous voici arrives fort a propos 

Je ne puis niettre d'argent a quartier 

Leurs troupes inarchoiit a reculons 

L'avare ne dii jamais assez 

Je suis venu ici d tatons 

Vous me querellez a tort 

II nous a j»ris au depounu [d'hui 

II fait chaud aujourd'hui ; ia mode d'aujour- 

Je veux diner aujiaravant 

Ce diamaut vaut autant que ce rubis 

C'etoit autrefois la mode 

X'allez pas si avant. II creuse trop avant 

Regardez tout autour 

Cet honmie a beaucoup lu 

II se pone bien ; il tiavaille bien 

Dinerons-nous bitntot ? 

Des bataillons epars ca &. Ik 

II dinera ctans 

Cependant la nuit s'approclie 

Certes, dii-il, vous avez tort 

Savez-vous combien ct'la coutel 

Je ne sais comment il pent vivre 

Apprenez d'abord vutic lecon 

Je u'en dirai pas davantaiige 

Ne coupez pas cette eioffe de biais 

Je vous paile de bonne foi 

J'ai gague la parte de bon jeu 

II m'a qiierell6 de but en blanc 

Marchons quatre de front 

On I'a tufe de guet-aj)ens 

Pourquoi vous lenez-vous de guingoisi 

II le fera de er6 ou de force 

Dehors canaille. II est all6 dehors 

II vaut mieux voyager de jour 

Adieu jusqu'a demain 

Ce jardin n'est pas de niveau 

Nous partirons de nuit 

Donnez quelqiie clif>>e de plu? 

II s'est endettt de plus belle 

Je ne vous ai pas vii dipuis 

Vous m'insullez de gaiete de coeur 

Que n'essayez-vous derechef? 

Marchez, ne restrz pas derriere 

Je le connoissois dts-lors 

II s'est ruint de son chef 

Je ne le verrai f)ius d»*sorma!9 

Passez-devant, je vous suivrai 

R6fl6chis9ez-y bien dor^navant 

E^ayez-encore. F.Ile vit encore 

Cette affaire est enfin terminOe 



Kii mdiii!' (le rien, /« a ti ire 

Kii5.tiiil)le, together 

Ensuiie, uftiricards 

Environ, about; near about 

Expres, on pvi-pose 

Fort & fcinie, stoutly; positively 

Guerc, Idtle; but Utile; few 

Hier, yesterday 

Jariis, ^w^ o^o; m ^/ze old time 

Jamais, ever (with 71c, never) 

[ci; here 

Jusqii'ou, how far 

Loin, far 

Maintenant, now 

Alieux, better; rather ^ 

Moinp, less 

Naguere, nut long ago 

Nulle part, no where 

On., where, whither 

Oui, yes 

O Mi-da, yes indeed, indeed! 

Par riie!j;arfie, inadvertently 

Par niejif ise, by mistake 

Par-tout, every where 

Pele-ni6le, in confusion 

Pen, little, few 

Vcut-tue, perhaps, may be 

Pis, worse 

Plus, more 

Pour lors, then; therefore 

Px(;;\.\AhU:men^, previously 

Pres, vtar; ici prcs, hereby 

Q'.iasi, almost 

(iuelquefois, sometimes 

Qiiolque part, somewhere 

Sans faron, without ceremony 

Pens dt4?ns dessous, topsyturvy 

Soxivent, often, oftAvtiities 

Sur le cJianip, immrdiately 

Tanl, so vnich, so many 

Tant ?oit pen, etur so little 

Toujonrs. ahcaijs; still 

T6t ou fard, soon or late 

T<»ur a tour, by turns 

Tout a fait, t/uH*; entirely 

Tf)nt a la lois, nil at once 

Tout antant,j«i;/ tbat 

Tout a rebours, tpiite wrong 

Tout de l)on, m earnest 

Tout do suite, immrdiately 

Tciuf droit, .straight along 

Tout-a-coup, suddenly 

Trop, too much, too many 

Vis-j'i-vi?, opposite, over against 

Volontiers," uiUini^ly 



11 dispaml en nsoins de rlen 

Kous sonmies souveiU ensemble 

i^Cous irons chez voiis ensuite 

II est environ six hemes 

Kous sonijnes venus ici tout expres 

Je ni'y oj;[ioserai fort & fernie 

11 n'y a guere de vrais patriotes 

Elle parlii hier au niaiin 

Jadis lesevcques 6toient pauvres 

Je n'y consentiiai jamais 

Venez-ici, nion bon ami 

Jnsqu'oii devez-vons lire ? 

iS'ous n'irons pas loin awjoutd'liui 

Etes-vons pr&t maii:itn-i!ii? 

Je me porte mieux. .Vain-e mienx y aller 

RIoinsdebiens, moins dc soins 

Je I'ai vu naguere (il i:'y a unere) 

Je ne ptiis le trouver nulle part 

Oil allez-vous si vite ? 

Dites-inoi oui ou nim 

Oui-da, je lui parleiai 

Je I'ai fait par m6garde 

Elle vous a sahi6 p?ir ni6prise 

Jevoiis suivrai par-lout 

Tons rues Ijvrcs sont pele-mele 

I'ai peu <l'argeiit et peu d'amis 

Je vous 6crirai peul-6tre demain 

Vous ne pourriez faiie pis 

Cela ne vaut pas plus d'une giiin6e 

Pour !ors que fera-t-il 1 

Je veux pr^'ahlement payermes dettea 

11 est loge ici pies 

On ?c tronipc quasi toujours en politique 

<iuelquefois je devine juste 

J'ai !u cctte anecdote qnelque part 

Je-vous prie, vi\onp sansfncon 

Tout ici est sens dessus dessous 

Pailez souvent Francois 

Nous noTts eeparfiint's suv le champ 

Voici tant jK.ur vous et tant pournioi 

Donnez ni'en tant poil pen 

Vous parlez toujonrs. II est tougours vivant 

Cela arrivei-a tot ou tai-d 

Parlez lorrr a tcnir 

IVIa sa-ur est. toul-a-fait r<^iaMie 

J(! vous payerai lout a la fois 

Ce «lrnp vaut tout nrttant 

il fait tout ;i revours 

Je vous parle tout fie bon 

Ver;ez tout de suite 

jMlez tout droit 

II entra tout-a-conp 

VoHs parlez-trop 

II demeure vis-a-vis 

Je voui: obligerai voloiitlere. 



xl 



INTERJECTIONS. There are not words 
enough in any hinguage, to express all our ideas ; 
especially in sudden emotions of tlie mind — 
Hence the use of interjections — As tlie greater 
part of iJie expressions used on such occasions 
are taken from nature alone, the real interjections 
in most languages are monosyllabical — We think 
it useless to give here an unmeaning list of ah^ 
t)h, ouais, ouJ\ Ji, chut, &c. &,c. ; they are in the 
Dictionary. 

The same imparity between languages and our 
ideas, has given rise to the figurative style ; by 
which, with proper judgment, the speech acquir^ 
much dignity and energy. As many figures of 
Rhetoric are often mentioned in common gram- 
mar, we shall hure define the chief of them. 

The Simile illustrates one object by conjparing 
it to another, to which it bears a manifest rela- 
tion — Ex. •' She never told her love, but let con- 
cealment, like a worm i' the bud, feed on her da- 
mask cheek."— He behaves like a bear. 

The Metaphor is a figure by which we make 
wso of a word to express an object to which that 
word does not literally belong. Metaphorical ex- 
pressions give great energy to the language. One 
might say that a metaphor is a simile without the 
tiign of a comparison like or as— Ex. Lite is a 
stormy sea. Tliat woman is a crocodile ; her sis- 
ter is a lamb. Envy scatters her venom on ail 
sides, and often withers the bloss<jins of mer^t. 

An Allegory \& a series of metaphors continued 
to some length. A fable might be termed an alle- 
gory. We have the simile, metai)lior, and alle- 
gory combined through the whole soit^ aC Solo- 
mon. — " I am the rose of Sharon, aiKJlly? lily of 
the valleys. As the lily among thnatiffln is my 
love among the daugiiters. As the apple-tree 
among the trees, so is my biloved among the sons ; 
I sat under his shadow, and his fruit was sweet 
to my taste. Awake, O, North-wind : and come, 
thou South, blow upon my garden, that il» spices 
may flow out," 

The J]ntithi.sis is a contrast of words which 
serve, like shades, to set off op|X)site qualities — 
Ex. " In all thy humours, whether grave or mel- 
low—thou art such a touchy, testy, pleasant fel- 
low— hast so much wit, and mirth, and spleen 
about thee —there is no living with thee, nor with- 
out thee." 

Tlie Hyperbole is a figure by which the reality 
of things is either excessively enlarged, or dimi- 
nished— £:z. " So light was Camilla, tJiat she 
might have run over the wavering ears of com 
without bending them." — " His pond'rous shield 
behind him he" cast; Ute brgad cUcumfereqce 



hung on his shoulders like the moon." — A comic 
poet said of a nobleman, proud and poor : Hia 
estate is not larger than a Lacedemonian Epistle, 
and his pride reaches from one pole to the other. 

By the Irony we let understand the contrary 
of what we say. Thus we call a fool a Holomon; 
and a scolding woman a lamb. 

By the ^ipostrophe we suddenly address our 
speech to any object, wlieilier present or atjsent, 
animate or inanimate. — " Ye angels, sing hia 
praise ; on earth join, all ye creatures. Air, and 
ye elements, praise him ; convey his praise, ye 
winds." 

The Prosopopeia calls forth absent and dead 
pers<inSi and supposes life and reason in inani- 
mate and irrational objects. 'J'here is a great si- 
milarity betwixt this figure and the apostrophe; 
in the latter we suddenly address our speech to 
any object, and in the f(»riner we lend voice and 
passions to it. — Ex. " Hear the voice of your 
country, Catiline, thus she speaks to you ; retire, 
Catiline, retire ; your crimes have overthrown my 
laws, your atrt>cilies desolate me, my veins are 
open; retire, Catiline, and allow some rest to 
your desolate mother." 

As it is very essential to the thorough learning 
of a language, not to mistake one part of si)eech 
for another, we finish this section with giving a 
classical and methodical scheme for parsing a 
sentence. The examples, with very little change, 
may suit any language. 

Article. Qufstions: Is it defiiite, or indefinite 
partitive? What gender 1 What number? 

Examples. Le ponvoir du roi, tke power of tht 
hivg; itt'libette des honunes, the liberty of vicu. 
J'ai du pain, de la viaiule, <its pommes ; I have 
bread, meat, apples. 

.Application. /.«, definite art. ms. — rfit, contrac- 
tion of de le, definite art. ms.— Aa, definite art. 
fs. — de.i, contraction af de ies, dif art. com. gen. 
der pi — (/M,inthescnseofs</>nc,indi;f. part, ms -- 
dcla, in the .'Hiu.se of .•}<;/«e,indef. pait. fs. — des, in 
llie sense of some, indef. part, com gender, pi. 

Substantive. Ques*iiiis: What gender? what 
number? Ifthe noun be singular, name its plural ; 
if it be plural, name its singuliir. 

Examples. Le pouroir du roi; la liberli des 
homines'; le priz des denrees, the price of provi 
sions. 

.application. I'ouvoir, substantive, ms. pou 
voirs, for its pi. — JAberte, subst. fs. liberies^ for 
its pi. — Prix, subst. i^s. prix for its pi.— Denr^cs, 
subst. f. pi. denree for its singular. 

Adjective. Qursiions: What gender? what 
Duiuber 1 what docs it agree with in tJ\e sM\t<?i^ce1 



xli 



If it be masculine, name its fern. If it be femi- 
nine, name its ms. 

Examples. Un beau chapeau, a fine hat; ces 
femmes soxitjolies; those ladies are pretty; cette 
fille est orgueilUuse — tkat girl is proud. 

Jipplication. Beau, noun adj. ms. agrees with 
chapeau; it lias belle for its feminine. — Jolics, 
noun adj. f. pi. agrees with femmes ; it has joli 

for its masculine Orgutilleuse, noun adj. fs. 

agrees with fille; it has orgucilleux, for its mas- 
culine. 

Pronoun. Questioiis: Is it personal, possessive, 
relative, demonstrative, or iiideterminatel What 
gender 7 what nuntber 1 witli wiiat does it agree 
in the sentence ? 

Examples. Elle a mon livre, she has my book. 
Cette plume ne vaut rien, this pen is good for 
nothing. L'homme qui vous paiioit, the man 
who was speaking to you. 11 y a qudques amies, 
some years ago. 

..fipplication. Elle, pronoun pers. fs. — Jl/o/i, 
pronoun poss ms. agrees with liore — Cette, pro- 
noun demonstr. fs. agrees with plume — Qui, pro- 
noun rel. common gendei and numher, agrees with 
hommc — Quelques, pronoun indoter. pi. common 
gender, agrees with annecs. 

Verb. Questions: Name its infinitive — its per- 
son—its number — its tense — its mood. 

Examples. Pendant tju'lis etoient ensembl6, 
feiitendis sonner midi ; while they were together, 



J heard twelve o^ clock strike. Quoiqu'il paroisss 
heureux, n'aiviez pas son sort; tho' he may stem 
happy, do not envy his situation. 

jipplication. Ktoicnt, iroui itre ; 3d pers.pl. 
imperf. tense, indie, mood — Entendis, ftom en- 
tendre; 1st pers. sing, preterite deriniie, indica- 
tive mood— faroisse, {rom par o'ttre, 3d pers. sing 
pr. tense, subjunct. mood — Envicz, from cnvier ; 
2d pers. pi. imperat. mood. 

Preposition. Wliat does it govern hi the sen- 
tence ? 

Examples. Avant midi; sans argent; before 
noon; without money. 

Jipplication. Jloant, a preposition, governs 
midi — sans, a preposition, governs argent. 

Conjunction. What mood does it require! 
Name the verb it acts upon in the sentence. 

Examples. Eorsque le roi enira, when the king 
came in. — Quoique vous soyez riche, tho' you be 
rich. JeUspour in' aiuustr, I read to amuse myself. 
Jipplication. Eorsque, a conjunction, requires 
the indie. — Here it governs eutra. — Quoiquc, a 
conjunction, requires the subjunct. — Hero it go- 
verns soyez — Pour, a conjunction, requires the 
infinitive — Here it governs amuser. 
Advetbs and interjections. Only name them. 
Examples, jih! mon ami, agissez prudem- 
ment: ah, my friend, act prudently. 

Application. Ah is an interjection — Prudem- 
meat is an adverb. 



SECTION IV. 
UND A MENTAL RULES OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE 
GENERAL DIRECTIONS. Never neglect to 
ascertain the parts of speech which compose the 
English sentences you have to turn into French. 
1. For a Verb— Make sure of its mood, person, 
number, and tense, look for its subject, and ob- 
serve whether it has an object. 



that occur in almost every French sentence — 
Tl;e Ibt The verb agrees in person and number 
with its subject. Ex. Je parle, vous parlez, il 
parlc, mon ftere parle ; nous parlous, il parlent, 
mes freres parleront, mon frere et ma siBur ont 
parle.— The 2d. The article agrees in gender and 



2. For a Substantive — Ascertain its gender and number with its substantive, and so do the adjec- 



number 

3. For an Adjective— Find the Substantive with 
which.it agrees. 

4. For a Preposition and a Conjunction— Ob- 
nerve what word or words they govern in the 
sentence. 

5. Never lose sight of two fundamental rules 



tive and pronoun. Ex. liC bon pere, un inechant 
pere, les bons pcres: la honne mere, une ni6- 
chant mere, les bonnes meres. 

This previous care rcrt//y shortens the time re- 
quired for writing an e.xcrc ise ; anil prevents that 
random manner of composing which torments the 
mast<;rs, and disgusts llie pupils. 



SYNTAX OF THE ARTICLES. See page xvi. 



N. B. When the learners come to this sijclion, 
it may be supposed they are ablo to make out a 
common Frt- neh sentence ; therefore no traiisla- 
lioTi will be given to the examples. But, in sup- 
posing the contrary, they may first b<; employed 



in translating the examples, which will thus ac- 
cidentally become doubly useful. 

1. Nouns us<;d in a general sense; take no article 
in English, but they must have the definite arti- 
cle in French. Ex. Le pain est cher. La vie n'esi 



xlii 



qii'un songe. Lcs rois ne sont que des homines. 
La paii ei raboiidance rendeut les homines heu- 
reiix 

2. By a consequence of the preceding rule, 
names of countries, kingdoms, and provinces 
lake no article in English^ but tliey receive tne 
definite article in French. 

Rx. La France est plus grande que I'Angle- 
terre, plus petite que la Kubsie, et aussi grande 
que I'Espagne. La Brctagne est moins fertile 
que la Aorinandie. L' Arabic a la Perse a rE:st, 
et PAfriipie au Sud. 

3. If the sentence expresses the going to a 
country (in Europe) or the coining from Tt, the 
article is commonly supplied by the prepositions 
en and de — But, if the country is not in Europe, 
the preceding rule has generally its lull force. 
F.x. Guand irez-vousen France, "en Espagne, en 
Itaiie, en Turquie? II vieui d'arriver de Portu- 
gal, de Russie, de Pologne, de Suede— 11 est alle 
au Japon, a la chine, au Me.\ique, au Perou. 
J'arrive du Perou, de la Guiane, de I'lndostan. 

4. When two comparatives are set, either in 
opposition, or in conipari&:>n, in the same sen- 
tence, the definite article expressed in English, 
is not to be rendered in French. Kx. Plus je la 
vols, plus je I'aime. Plus je le frcquenle, moins 
je restiine. 

5. A noim of measure and u-eight takes the ar- 
ticle a or an in English, and the definite le, la in 
French. — Par often supplies /<•, la in sf>eaking of 
reckoning, salary, attendance, &c. F.%. La viande 
EC vend oiize sous la livre. Cette dentelle vaut 
nne guin6e I'aune. Ce diner nous coulera six 
chelins par t^'te. Ou voiis demandera deux che- 
lins par mille. Je lui donne cinquante guin6es 
par an. Je donne deux guinees par mois, etje 
recois deux leconspar semaine. 

6. Of is frequenly understood in English, and 
pupplied by an aiKistrojihe. but it must be ex- 
pressed in French. F.x. Le cliapeau de mon frere. 
Le manchon de masccur. La modestie de Caro- 
line. Les folles depenses de votre ami. 

7. Of is likewise suppressed in Englieh in 
many comfxtund nftuns, but it must be expressed 
in French ; viz. 

Sometimes by «}, aw, a la, h V , aux, to express 
how things are prepared or combined, or to de- 
fine tlieir fitness and instrumental use. Fx. Un 
inoulin a raft'e. De la prmdre a canon. Le march6 
au foin. Du frcmiage a la creme. La bouieille a 
I'encrc. — Likewise to describe a jierson or a thing 
by some distinctive sijrn or habit, fx La fenuiie 
p.iix huiircs. La demoise le au rnhan bleu. 

Sometimes by de, to express a simple relation 



between two ncruns, the second of which has al 
ways tJie mcanitig of an adjective. In Jiabit d'e- 
cariate. Un jKintde pierre. Des has de soic Une 
maison de bnque. Un carossede remise, a glajsa 
cuach. 

b. When a preposition and a noun, or a verb 
and a noun, present tlie sense of an adjective or 
of an adverb; that is, express only one idea, no 
article is to be used. Ex. Je suis sans amis. IVous 
vivons sans souci. Etudiez avec attention. II a 
confiance en vrus. J'ai compassion de lui 

9. Proper names take no article, excejit those 
of s<jme renowned Italian poets and painters , 
and some names formed from common substnn 
lives. Ex. Ale.vandre, Pyrrhus et Cesar ont de- 
sole la terie ; le Tasse, I'Arioste, et le Titien ont 
illusire I'lialie. Lisez les fables de ia Fontaine, 
et les caracteres de la Bmyere. 

10. When some or any are either expressed or 
understood in English, they are rendered into 
French by the partitive article du, de. In, do /', 
des, or the preposition de before adjectives. Ex. 
J'ai du papier, de la cire, de I'encre et des plumes. 
Avez vous achele du the. delamoutarde, de I'in- 
digo et des cerises? II a du courage et de Ja ge- 
ne recite.— J'ai de beau jtapier, d'excellente cire, 
de bonne encre etde bonnes plumes. 

11 . But if the adjective and substantive form 
together a kind of compound noun, that is, pre- 
sent but one idea, the article resumes its right. 
Ex. C'est un admirateur du bon touet du bel-es- 
prit. Cet homme a du bon sens. 

J2. The French make use of de in some par- 
ticular phrases— After quclque chose, ritn, quoi, 
qudqu'un persovnc, pns, point, avtant, assei, 
benucoup, and all adverbs expressing quantity.— 
Before a participle preceded by a noun of num- 
ber. ITr. Quelque chose d'etoimant. Jenesais 
rien de nouveau. Quoi de plus juste que cette 
loi ! Y a-t-il quelqu'un de mecontent? 11 n'a pas 
d'argent. Je n'ai point d'ambition. Nous avons 
auiant de livresque vous. Elle a beaucoupd'en- 
fans. II y a eu deux officiers de blesses, et dix 
hommes de tue.*. 

\'.\. Bien, in the sewse of beaueonp. requfresthc 
df finite article, whereas beaucovp takes only de. 
Ex. Bien du chacrin— beaucoup de chagrin 
Bien des amis — beaucoup d'amis. Bien de Tar- 
pent— beaucoup d'argent. Bien de la modestie — 
beaucoup de nKxiesiie 

14. The articles a and the are often inserted in 
the form of a short parenthesis, when they are 
not to ne expressed in French. Ex. Le Due d'Or- 
leans, prince du sang, a ete guillotine a Paris, 
Alexandre fils de Philippe, tua son anru Clym», 



xliii 



- n guerre, fleau dcs peuples, est le jeu des priu- 
-. Les plus belles tieurs, iiaturelle image de la 
iiut , ne dureiit t;uere i)lus d'uii jour. 

15. 4 and one used in English before hundred 
and thousand, are not to be expressed iu Frencli. 
Ex. J'ai gagne niille guin6fes. Je vous en prete- 
tai cent. L'an mil liuil cent dix ncuC Dussions- 
iious vivre cent ans, disons nreme mille ans, il 
nous resteroit encore bien des clioses a appren- 
dre, 

16. Tlie article a is not to be expressed in 
Frencli, after tiie verbs etrc, devenir, passer., pour, 
&c. wlien they have not ce for their subject. Ex. 
II est niedecin. Elle est duchesse. Vous devien- 
drez royaliste — C'est un jii6decin. C'est une 
duchesse. 

The reason of tlie rule is, that, in the construc- 
tion williout cc, tJie substantive is taken a</;'ecai;e- 

SVNTAX OF 

1. We repeat again, as a very essential rule, 
that the adjective must agree with its suljstantive 
in gender and number. Ex. Un liomme adroit, 
des homines adroits. Une femme adroite, des 
femmes adroites. 

2. When two or m'ire substantives have a 
conunon adjective, thai adjective nmst be in the 
plural. — If the substantives are of ditlerent gend<.'r, 
the adjective must be of the masculine plural. 
Ex. Monfrereet mononclesonthardis. Masceur 
et ma tante sont hardit^s. Mont frure et ma soeur 
bont liardis. 

3. If there is no verb between the substantives 
and tlie adjective, Ihat adjective agrees v/iih the 
last substantive. Ex. Cet acleur jnue-avec un 
gout et une nobhwse (;liarniante. Cet acteur joue 
avec une noblesse et un gout charmaut. 

4. The jilace of an adjective in French, is com- 
monly aficr its substantive.* Ei. Je hais le tenis 
froid. J'ainie la nnisique Iialien?ie. Elle avoit 
une robe blene. Une fennne douce et modeste. 

5. However, we may observe here that the ad- 
jectives beau, hon, grand, petit, jeuve,joli, mau- 
vnis, and mf-ehant are generally plac(-d before 
their s'.ibstaiitivcs. Ex. Un bean cheval. Un bon 



ly, and the Frencli syntax does not permit to 
place an article before an adjective, separated 
from its substantive by a verb. We exjilain in 
the syntax of tiie verbs, vvlien cc in to be used. 

17. Tiie article is to be repeated in Frencli be- 
fore all the substantives that are oitiier tiie sub- 
ject or the object of the same vci b. Ex. Le bled, 
le vin, I'huile et les legumes soni les licliesses 
naturelles d'un etat. J'admire la patience, 1' in- 
duslrie, I'economie, la sobriete et la perseverance 
d'un bon agriciilteur. 

18. The preposition in, which follows a super- 
lative in English, is rendered into French by du, 
de la, de V, des, de. Ex. Elle passe pour la plus 
belle femme de Londres. C'est le plus beautema 
de I'annee. Je iiommerois bien hs plus grands 
coquins du royaume. La plus giande villc des 
Pays Bas. 

THE NOUxNTS. 

enfant. Une grande femme. De petits oiseaux. 
Une jeunehlle. Dejolisrubans. Demauvais vin. 
Un intchaiit hoiiime. 

G. JVm, naked, and demi, Jialf, agree with their 
substantive, when they follow it ; and remain in- 
declinable when they precede it. Ex. II va nu- 
pieds, nu-tete ; il va les pieds nns, la tete«nue. 
J'ai achete une aiine et demie de diap, et une 
demi-aiine de dentelle. 

7. Tout, ill the sense of all and whole, agrees in 
gender and number with its substantive. Ex 
Tout le royaume, toiite la terre ; tons les liom-«^ 
UK'S, toutes les femmes. 

But tout in the sense of though, evtr so jnnch, 
and (juitc, has a very irregular construction be- 
fore adjectives, substantives takt-n adjectively, 
and adverbs. — If the adjective is masculine, tout 
is aiioays indeclinable. — If the adj'Ctive is fe- 
minine, most writers make towt deilinalile before 
a consonant, and indeclinable beline a vowel. — 
Ex. Un hoiiime tout jilein de cduir; des homines 
tout pleins de C(Eiir. Tout brave qu'il e&t; tout 
braves qu'ils sont — Kile est tout attligf^'e ; elle est 
loute rejouie ; ellcs sont tout atiligef-s ; elles sont 
tontcs itijouies. — Tout aiinable (jn'elle est ; tout 



* I say cnmiaoiilij, because it often happens that 
t!ie same adji'ctivcs may be placed eitln.'r b(;foie 
or after their subslaiitives. But, this depending 
on a nicety of criticism and ear, which nothing 
but a long practice can give, and which it would 
be injudicious to suppose in beginners, I think it 
necessary to avoid such a dissertation in these 
Clements. - When the learners are well grounded 
in the fundanienial rules ; and liave, by reading 



much, sntticiently harmoiii/.ed their ears to the 
elegant and select turns of the French language, 
they may have lecom-st tu the Complitc Sy.-<tnn 
of ihc French Languagi-, by Mr. SALMON* from 
liage •2!t7 to 310, an e.vcellent treatise, which I 
have carefully consulted, with great pleasure to 
myself, and considerable advantage to this little 
work. 



x\W 



aiinables qu'ellcs sont — Toiiie jolie qu'elle est, 
toutes Jolics qij'elles soiii — Elle est tout ceil el 
lout oreille ; elles soiit tout ceil et tout oreille. 

ri. Quflque in the sense of some, agrees willi 
its substantive. £x. Q,uelque lioniine, quelques 
homnies. 

Quii'jue with que in the sense of though, what- 
ever, is declinable: — when it is joined to a sub- 
stantive alone— or, to a substantive followed by 
its adjective — or, to an adjective iminediatebj fol- 
lowed by its substantive — But, it is indeclinable 
before an adjective, not iiumediately followed by 
its substantive— In all those cases the verb must 
lie put in the subjunctive. Ex. (iur-lques litres 
que vous ayez. Ciu»'lques litres 6clatans que vous 
ayez. (iuel>;ues grands litres que vous ayez. 
Quelque puissans que soient les rois. 

Quelgue, in the sense of whatever, immediately 
followed by a verb, in French, is resolved into the 
declinable adjective quel, quelle, quels, quelles, 
with que close to it, and the verb in the subjunc- 
tive. Ex. Quel que soil cet homme. Quelle que 
jiaroisse sa situation. Quels que puissent etre 
vos litres. Quelles que soient vos raisons. 

y. The adjective, without a substantive, is of 
the masculine gender, and lakes the article ; be- 
cause it has then the full value of a substantive. 
Ez. Preferous I'ulile a Tasr^able. Les enfans 
aiment le rouge. Le beau n'est pasloujours bon. 
J'aime niieux le vert que le bleu. 

10. The adjectives of dimension, such as hipk, 
d'cp, broad, Slc. have a peculiar construction in 
French. — Observe carefully; \st, to use acoir in- 
stead of ctre, when the adjective of dimension is 
turned into a substantive; 2ndlij, to repeal de be- 

SYNTAX OF T 
Persoiuil Pronouns. — 1. .\ pronoun personal 
subject governs the verb; and a pronoun personal 
ohjlct is governed by the verb. 

s. o n. O. 8. 

F.I. Jo voU3 aiine. Vous nous consolez. — Nous 

0. , .t. 0. o. 

Its proti'geons. II lui parlera. Consolez-la. Par- 

n 
|.-/.-lrur. 

2. A jironoin personal subject cannot be parted 
from its verb but by ,i pronoun personal object, 
tiifc snpplyina pronouns y, en, or the negative nr. 
Ez. \ou3 voyons souvenl voire frere. Je vous 
aimerai toiijours. Vous en parlez sans cesse. Je 
ne m'y fi-^ pas— .^nd not; Je toujours vous aime- 
rai ; no'13 souvent, voyons, &c. 

3. When m»ny pronouns of different persons 
re Uie subject of a verb, they become disjunc- 



fore the number, and before the substantive of 
dimension, with the verb etre, and with void, 
voila. Ex. Ce mur a vingt pieds de hauteur et 
trois de largeur. Voili un mur de vingt pieds de 
hauteur, et de trois de largeur ; or, de haul £z. de 
largo. 

We might likewise say with the verb 6tre and 
an adjective — (,'e nmr csl haul de vingt pieds et 
large de trois. 

11. When an ordinal number is added in Eng^ 
lish to proper names, in order to point out their 
order or rank, we make use of a cardinal number 
in French, e.vcept for_^rs£aiid seco/iei that remain 
ordinal. Ex. Henri premier, second, trois, qualre, 
cinq, six, sept, hull. 

12. An adjective becomes comparative in 
French, by adding to it plus more, mains less, 
aussi so, tant so much, autant as much. Ez. Elle 
est plus belle, moins belle, aussi belle quesas4Eur. 
II n'a pasiaiitdf vanite que son frere. Voirs ar\'ez 
aut:int d'enncmis que d'amis. 

It appears from these examples that than and 
a.i, in the second term of a comparison, are ex- 
pressed by que. 

Tlie pnposiiion by, after a comparative, and 
Iwfore a noun expre.s?mg dimension or quantity, 
is conuuonly rendered into French by de. Ez. 
Vous etes plus haul que moi de deux pouces. 

I'.L The superlative is expressed in French by 
Ic, la, les, prefixed to plus ou moins— in is rendered 
by de, du, dc la, &cc. and que after a superlative 
retpiires the subjunctive. Ex. Le plus bel homme 
de la ville. La plus belle femme que je connoisse. 
Los ,.lus grands coquins de J'Europe. Le plus 
heurcux jour de ma vie. 

HE PRONOUNS, 
live, and a pronoun conjunctive in the plural 
number, and of the noblest person, is generally 
added to represent them all. Ex. Lui, elle, et 
moi nous allanies hier a la comtdie. Vous, Jul, 
et moi, nous ne nous accorderons jamais. Vous 
et lui, vous apprendrez le Francois. 

You might place the disjunctive pronouns after 
the verb, and say— Nous allames hier a la com6- 
die, lui, elle, et moi, &c. But not — lui, elle el 
moi allames, &.c. Vous el lui apprendrez, &c. 

4. However, when third persons only are the 
subject of a verb, no other pronoun is to be re- 
peated. Ex. Mon '"rere et lui viendront demain. 
Lui, elle, eux et ma soeur apprenent le Fran- 
cois. 

5. When a pronoun personal i? governed by 
a verb, place it between the subject and the 
verb. Ex. Je le connois. Vous la connoisscz. 



xlv 



Jc \ee connois, et je leur parlc souvent. — N. B. direct.-'N. B. The .lircci ohj.ct is never nffccl 
i\o pronoun atfecled with de, except e?i, can be ed by a preposition ; and llie indirect object is 
placed before a verb wliich governs it, witliout always afl'ected by de or o, expressed or under- 
being followed by que conductive. Ex. Je parle stood. JEi. Je vous le dirai. Vous nous les 
il« vous— c'est de vous que je parle. Vous avez donnerez. II vous la reconunande. Nous vous 
rnedit de lui, d'elle, de nous— c'est dc lui, d'elle, le rccoinmandons. 
de nous que vous avez medit. 10. If the pronouns are both of tlie third per 

6. If the verb is in the imperative, without a son, the direct pronoun comes before the indi 
rjfo-aejoTi, then tJie pronoun comes after the verb. reel. fia;. Je le lui dirai. Vous les leur donne- 
—if there is a negation, follow the preceding rez. 

rule. Ez. Dites-moi, dites-lui, dites-nous— Ne 11. The supplying pronouns y and en come 

me diles pas, ne lui dites pas, ne leur ditcs pas. close to the verb, wnen they are construed with 

7. When two imperatives, without a negation, any other pronouns; and en always follows y, 
come together with pronouns, it is better to place when they both happen to meet togcrher. Ex. Jc 
the first pronoun after the 1st verb, and the se- vous les y apporterai. II nous en dormera. Vous 



cond before <hc 2d verb. Ex. Voyez-le, et lui 
dites de vonir me voir. Parlez-leur, et leur dites 
de se mieux comiwrier. 



leur y en enverrez. Je leur y en t6moignerai 
mon m6contcnteraent. 
The following list may, with a little ingenuity, 



8. With reflected verbs- with penser, allcr, be of great use to beginners, and soon accustom 



and venir, or any verb taken in a se.'ise in which 
it cannot receive a direct object, place the pro- 
noun personal after the verb.— Ex. Je me plains 
d'i vous. Elle s'est address6e a moi. Je pensois 
a eux. Get enfant veut aller a vous. II veut ve- 
nir a moi. Couiez a lui. II est accouru a moi. 



their eyes and ears to the union of pronouns and 
verbs, either interrogatively, or negatively. You 
are to suppose tlie pronouns in each line to be 
in the same i)lace of the asterisks; read them 
often in that order, and it will soon be out of 
your power to place them wrong. T/itis ; II me 



9. When two pronouns personal are governed le donnera ; ke will gioe it to me. Sec. II fl|t^'y 
by a verb, tlie indirect object comes before tlie enverra; he will send it to me, Sec. ^^ 

Me le, me la, me les, m'en — II * * donnera 
Me I'y, me les y, m'y, m'y en — II * * enverra 
Te le, te la, te les, t'en— * * donnerai-je 1 

Te I'y, te les y, t'y, t'y en— * * enverrai-je ? M 

Nous l!, nous la, nous les, nous en— II ne * * donne pas 
Nous I'y, nous les y, nous y, nous y en- II no * * enverra pas 
Vous le, vous la, vous les, vous en— Ne * * donnerai-je pas? 
Vous I'y, vous les y, vous y, vous y en — Ne * * enverrai-je pas 
Se le, se la, se les, s'en— II * * proraet 
Se I'y, se les y, s'y, s'y en— II * * procura 
Le lui, la lui, les lui, lui en— Nous * * promcttons 
Le leur, la leiir, les leur, leur en — Vous ne * * donnez pas 
Le leur y, la leur y, les leur y, leur y en—* * enverrai ic? 
From iJiis list it appears that no pronoun af- Conduisez-moi ; amusetoi ; donnez-m'en— Don 
fected by dc, except en, can come before a verb, nez-le-lui, la-lui, les-lui, le-leur, &c. 
Ex. Je me moque de lui : il mi'dit de vous ; and Hdly. Jiiui, toi, nous and vous are placed after 
""!•; J^J"^ '"' moque ; il vous medit. le, la, Irs; but the pronoun.s of the tjiird person, 

!tlier, s 
procureles-toi ; promel 
surez-lt's-vous— Donnez-le-hii, la-lui, les-leur,&c 
12. On. The pronoun indeterminate on may 
be rendered into English by one, we, people, men. 
— Uon has the same meaning, and is only em- 
ployed to avoid ambiguity, or a harsh sound. 
. . 13. On has generally a plural meaning, but It 

When tliey are linked with en; but the pronouns always governs its verb in the tingular num 
of the tlurd person are not to bi altered. Ex. b<'r. 



The foregoing list stands good, all through, for linked together, sutler no change. Ex. Donnez 
verbs in the imperative, with a ne.tration—Nc me Ic-moi ; procureles-toi ; promettez-le.s-nous ; as 
le donnez pas ; ne me I'y envoyez pa.«, &,c. 

But, with verbs in the imperative without a 
nriration, make the tollowing observations— 1st. 
The pronouns are jilaced after the imperative. 
Ex. Donnez-le-nous ; envoyez-le-nous. 

2dly. JIfc and tc become 7noi and toi, except 



xlvi 



Rt. On craint de se voir tel qu'on est, parce que 
Ion a*est pas ce qu'on devroit etre. 

14. On must be repeated before every verb 
that has the saun; subject. Ez. On epie'la tor- 
tune, on travaille, on se fatigue, on cherche lous 
les nioyens de la rixer ; el apres bien des soiiis, 
le tonibeau s'ouvre, et i'on s'appercoit trop tard 
que tout ici bas nest que vanite. 

15. Avoid tile passive turn so conunon in 
English ; and by the means of on, bring the 
verbs to an active slate, in such sentences as iJie 
following ones. Ez. On n'a pas encore recu les 
ictlres qu'oa attendoit. On a fait de grandes 
rcjouissances, et Ton ne sait trop pourquoi. On 
a en voy6 ordre de ramener les troupes, et Ton 
espere qu'elles arriveront demain. On seroil 
toujours en pai.Y, si Ton diminuoit de moitie, eu 
teuis de guerre, ies profits des gens en place. 

16. En^ in some particular phrases, and with 
the adverbs of quantity, is not to be expressed in 
English ; but it cannot bo dispensed with in 
French. Ez. Vous avez plus d'oranges que je 
n'en ?i. Vous n'avcz pas tant de livres que j'en 
ai. Avez-vous autant di chevau.x en France que 
nous en avons en Angleterre 1 II en est de vous 

m^ POSSESSIVE PROxXOUNS. 

1. All poaaessive Pronouns, either conjunctive 
or relative, but mor-e clearly those of the third 
person, a?ree, in English, with the possessor of 

%^hing, and in French with the thing possessed. 

^Mt. Votre fiere a perdu son chapeau ; votre 
gfEur a perdu son chapeau. Votre mere a perdu 
sa boarse ; votre pere a perdu sa bourse. 

Translate these examples, and you will find 
the English ones ruled by the gender of the 
P')S.?i;s9ors, fnre, sttur, mere, pere; and the 
French, by the gender of the thing possessed, 
chap^fin bourse. 

2. When a noun feminine begins with a vow- 
oT, or an h mii!e, the French sacrifice the syntax 
to harmony, and make use of motiy ton, son, in- 
.stead of ma, ta, sa. Ez. .Min anie est fort uu- 
deasiis de ma fortune. — Ton indn.-Jtrie te nienera 
loin. Son insolence lui fera perdre tons ses amis. 
Mo!i humanit6, ton humeur, son humility. 

3. The personal pronouns supply in French 
the possessive pronouns, when we speak of the 
several parts of the body, or even of any thing 
boloniing to the body, such as life, cnurairc, com- 
â– plcrion, sirrht, noicr, mind. Sec. If that turn cre- 
ates no ambiaiiiiy— £;?. J'ai mal a la t6te. II 
s'est coupe ledoigt. Vous avez I'reil enfl6. II 
m'a attaqu6 I'honneur. Vousm'arrachcriez plu- 
tot !a vie. Lc courage lui manque.— But say .• 



cnmme de moi. II en est de cela coinme de la 
plupart des choses du monde. 

17. Le is often usod,to represent either a part 
of a sentence, or an adjective, or a substantive 
e.mployfid adjrcrivcly ;.aud it is then indeclina- 
ble— It is rendered into English by so, and 
someiinies not expressed at all. Ex. Ditcs-moi, 
mon ami, pourriez-vous aller a pied de Londres 
a York 1 Oui, je le pourrois. Ei bien, Mesdamcs, 
etes-vous tres occupees 1 Recllement, nous le 
sommes. Ust-eUii tiWe (unmarried?) Oui, et je 
pense qu'elie le sera long-temps. 

But, when the word "represented is really a 
substantive, or an adjective employed stibstaji- 
ticcly, then make use of le, la, les, according to 
the gender and number of that substantive. Ez. 
<^tes-vous la fille de Mr. West? Oui, Monsieur, 
jo la suis. Etes-vous la malade que ^ladanie 
Clinton m'a recommand6e7 r^on, Monsieur, jc 
ne la suis pas. 

If the substantive is of the plural number, it ia 
better to avoid making use of les, in order to 
give an easier turn to the sentence. Ex. Etes- 
vous les filles de Mr. Coke 1 Oui, Monsieur— 
without nous les sommes. 

See page six, and the N. B. 
Je crois que ma jambe est onflee. Ponrquol 
vous moquez-vous de ma t6te chauvel— /-d 
jambe and la tete would render the sentence am 
biguous. 

4. In a familiar way of addressing persons, 
the possessive pronoun is left out in English, bul 
not in French. Ex. Voulez-vous faire un toui 
de jardin, ma soeur ? Reellement, je ne le puis 
mon frere. 

5. In speaking of inanimate objects, the pos- 
sessive its and thrir are expressed in French by 
en. — Ex. Cette plante est fort commune, ct ce- 
pendant je n'en connois pas les vert us. Cettc 
maison inc plait; j'en aime la situation. 

6. In the English phrases in which the word 
sake \s joined to a possessive pronoun, the French 
make use of a personal pronoun. Ez. Faitoa 
le pour I'amour de moi, de lui, de nous, &c. Do 
it for my sake, &.c. 

7. The relative possessive pronouns mine, 
thine, yours, &;c. agree, like the conjunctive, with 
the nouns to which they relate, and they take the 
definite article in French. Ez. Votre frere et le 
mien ; votre soeur et la mienne. — See page xix. 

8. When the verb to be, in the sense of to be- 
Ions to, is joined to a relative possessive pronoun, 
and has a noun for its subject, the pos.'=essive 
pronoun is rendered into French by a personaJ 



xlvii 



pionouu. JEr. Ce livre est a moi. Cctte uiai- rendered into French by a conjunctive posses- 
ton eat a nous. Cet eventaii est a elle. sive. Ex. \Ji\ de uies amis ma niontre un da 

i3. Tlie Euglish idiom of mine, of yours, Sec. is vos livres ; a friend of mine, &.c. 
RELATIVE PRONOUNS. See page xx. 

I. Qui and que, without a preposition, and he- lative pronoun, in speaking of situation, place, 
r re a verb, are apphcable to any substantive. Ex. and time. Ex. C'estune atiaire oii il vaut mieux 



/Uomuie qui parle; la femme qui chante; ie 

iitjval qui court; les oiseaux qui voleut; les 

etoiles (iui brillent. — L'honune que vous connois- 



ne pas entrer. La maison oii je demeure. Le 
siecle ou nous vivons. 
5. Que, uniting two verbs, and after a noun, is 



saz ; la femme que vous louez; les oiseaux que often understood in English ; but it is always ex- 

voiis elevez ; les chevaox que vous avez ache- pressed in French. Ex. Je crois que vous ave/ 

tes; les etoiles que vous observez. — Hence it raison. On dit que nous aurons bientot la paix. 

appears that qui is used, wlien it relates to a Les Livres que vous avez aclietes. Les femmes 

noun that governs the verb; and que is used, que vous frequentez. 

when it relates to a noun that is governed by the 6. When that after a verb, signifies to the end 

verb. that, translate it into French by afin que or pour 

•2. When a verb governs Its object with the que, with the subjunctive ; or ajiii de and pour 

lielp of a preposition, qui cannot be applied to wiiJi the infinitive. Ex. Je vous enseigue afin 

irrational and inanimate beings ; it is supplied que vous appreniez. Je vous le dis pour que vous 

bydont, duquel, de laquelle, desquels, dcsquelles; le sachiez. 11 est venu afin d'obtenir cette grace. 

auquel, a laquelle, auxqaels, auxquelles. Ex. Le J'ai fait tout mon possible pour gagner son ami- 

cheval duquel, or dont je me sers ; la science a ti6. 



laquelle je m'applique, &c. 

3. Dont is used for all genders and numbers, 
and it is applicable to any substantive, but it can 
never be interrogative. — Ex. L'homme dont je 



7. Quoi is only said of things, and can never 
be used but with verbs that require a preposition. 
Ex. A quoi pensez-vous? C'estde quoi je m'in- 
quiete pen. C'est a quoi je ne pense pas — But 



parle ; la femine dont vous parlez ; la montie say; Q,ue ditcs-vous 7 Que me conseillez-vous ? 

iloiit je me sers. due cherchez-vous ? And not; Quoi dites-vous, 

4. Ou is often an elegant equivalent for a re- &c. It is bad language. 
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. See page xx 

Demonstrative Pronouns. The list (page xx) some other turn, bring the sentence to a less 

is sutficient for our purpose in these elements, complicated order. Ex. They are not always 

and we shall only make here the following re- happy who seem to be so ; or, such are not al- 

marks. way s,Si.c.—Ii/iilatc the following turns: Ceu.\ qui 

1,. Ho who, she who, they who, &;c. are never to paroissent etre heureux, ne le sont pas toujours. 
b3 rendered into French by il qui, elle qui, &c. — Ce n'est pas toujours etre lieureu.\ que de le pa- 
Out by: Celui qui, celle qui, ceu.v qui, celles qui. loitre. Quoiqu'on paroisse heureux, on ne Test 
Ex. Celui qui m6prise I'etude, n'en connoit i»as pas toujour.-;. Ou paroit souvent heureux, sans 
le prix. Celle qui ne compte que sur sa I)eaut6, J'etre en eft'et — Or, nearer the English, by adding 
batit sur le sable. Ceux qui se battent contre Za— Ceux-hi ne sont pas toujours lieureu.\, qui 
K'ur patrie, sont des scelerats. Celles qui ecou- paroi.-^sent I'etre. 

to. it Ifs riaiteurs, out souvent a s'eii repentir. 3. Ce qui and ce que are expressed in F.nglish 

. 2. Avoid all tiie inversions by which the sub- by tchat, and that which—qui directs the verb, 

jpct of the verb is parted from its relative, and, and que is governed by it. Ex. Ceque vous diles. 

by the means of the demonstrative pronouns, or Cequi me plait. 

SYNTAX OF THE VERHS. 

verb, try lo find it, before you write a sentonco, 
and you will avoid in;niy errors. F.x. Le bon 
r.ha?ioine,s'\ni»<i\n;\\n q#un si grand intdccin ne 
pouvoit faire de faux raisonnemens, st^ laissa 
sai'»n(;r san.« resistance. fJon .'llp/ioiisr, apreg 
avoir rei-u ses pate!it<:s, piriit de .Madrid avoc sa 
± The subject being sometimes far from its famille. ' 



I. Thi; vor!> agrees witli its subject, in person 
and number. Ex. Je parle, tu danses, il chante, 
e'i'> brode, on s'amuse, mon frere demeure a 
Bath ; nous jouona, vous 6tudiez, il.s dessinent, 
oli( 3 travaillent, mon oncle et ma tante viennent 
darriver.^ 



xK 



S. Many nouns, in Uie singular, connected ns 
the subject of a verb, will have that verb in tlie 
plural number. Kx,. Sa douceur, sa poJitesse, 
sa francliise, et so!i savoir lui lout irouver des 
amis par-ioul ou il va. Voire insolence, votre 
grossierct6, votre duplicite et voire pedanterie 
faliauent tous ccux \\iic vous Iruquentez. 

When \vc conclude an enumeration of objects, 
the words toiu and ricn may determine Die verb 
to tJie singular, and give a lively turn to the sen- 
tence. Ez. Meis simples, ragoiiis, chair, poisson, 
legumes, tout est Iwn quand on a faim. Gestes, 
s'jupirs, regards, pensees, rieu n'6chapp€ a la ja- 
kiusie. 

4. After adverbs of quantity, such as beaucoup, 
pcu, tant^ (See. and after collective nouns, such as 
lajjlupurt, nonibre, sorte, espcce, troupe, ice. fol- 
lowed by a noun plural, the verb becomes plu- 
ral. Ex. Beaucoup de personnes sont capables 
de faire une action sage ; mais bien peu savent 
faire une action genoreuse. IJn petit nonibre 
d'amis lui resttrenu Tant de fantaisies devien- 
nent ennuyantes, &.c. 

5. When two verbs come togetlier, if the se- 
cond has no subject, it is to be put in the infini- 
tive; whetlier the sign to be prefixed to it or not. 
Kr. V'oulez-vous me preier votre dictionnairel 
Je n'ose lui parer.— J'ailai sur le champ descen- 
dre a une hotellerie pres du chateau. 

C. If the first verb is the auxiliary to kavc, or 
to be, the second verb must be used in the parti- 
ciple. Ez. II a abuse de mon amitie. Nous 
avons veiidu nos chevaux. Vous ctes arriv6 trop 
tard. II.-: seront severement punis. 

7. When to be expresses a necessity, or an in- 
tention, it is rendered by devoir, with the second 
verb in the infinitive. Ez. Devez-vous partir ce 
5oir? Nous devoiis aller demain a Windsor. 

8. j], de, and pour. A verb, or a noun, may 
govern another verb in the infinitive, either with 
a, de, and pour, or sometimes without any pre- 
position. 

y. A is used before an infinitive — when to 
might be expressed by in with a gerund — to ex- 
press an inclination to something— to denote 
employment, occupation, use— when the verb has 
a passive turn which is or might be rendered by 
to be into English.— T^z. II se plait a dtssiner. 
.'" m'amuse a ecrire ct a lire— Jaime a conver- 
?nr. Vous disposez-vous a partir pour Oxford? 
Elle s'attache a vous fiaire en uiut. II m'en- 
seigne a jouer du violon. Vous ra'autorisez a 
vous parler sincerement. C'est une affaire a 
vous ruiner. Cela m'aide a vivre. Ce cheval me 
sert a tirer et a porter. — Voila des fruits bons a 



cueillir. Sa compagnie est a 6vitcr. Celte gucrro 
est difficile a souienir. 

10. JJc is used before an infinitive, when to 
may be supplied by of or from with a gerund. 
£^1 Vous nrempechez de iravailler. J'eus bien 
tot une autre occ;ision d'employer mon credit. 
Ne vous lassez pas de vous monirer a la cour. 
JafTectai de recevoir ses ordres d'un air gia- 
cieux. 

IJ. Pour before a verb, determines the cause 
or the end of an action, and commonly answers 
to in order to in English. Ez. J'interromiJis 
mon secretaire jKiur lui demandcr, oii il avt'il 
pris ces livres. II ne fera jamais rien pour voui 
obliger. Nous eclalions souvent de rire, moina 
pour applaudir a ses saillies que pour nous en 
nio(iuer. 

1:2. Some verbs govern the infinitive without 
any preposition before it. TIil' most usual are 
aller, venir, devoir, oser, paro'Ure, scmbler, pou- 
Toir,falloir, vuuloir, croire, compter, daigTicr,Scc 
Ez. Allez diner. Venez me voir. Je dois ecrire 
a votre frere Osez-vous me repondre de 1? 
sorlcl Vous paroisiez vous ennuyer, Je |>our 
rois me passer de lui. Il faut savoir se taire. J« 
ne veux plus le voir. Je sais vivre de peu. 

13. The infinitive is elegantly used, without a 
preposition ; sometimes iis the subject of th« 
sentence; and sometimes with the ellipsis of the 
verb wliich governs it. Ex. Moiirir n'est lien, 
quand on a bien vecu. S'occuper de fotcs et de 
danses, quand les pauvrcs nieiirent de faini, c'esi 
insulter a riiumanite. Moi: revoir cet hoinine ! 
Jamais. Vous! tamper sous cet ignorant San- 
gradol N'tn faites rien. 

INDICATIVE. 1. Let us ob.<crve that the 
Englisli turn of tlie verb to be, joined to a ge- 
rund, must be av(jided in French. Ex. 1 am 
writing; Jie was dancing, v/e were dining, &.c. 
— J'^cris; il dansait, nous dinions — Or, with the 
preposition a; Je suis a ecrire; il etoit a dan- 
ser ; nous ctoins a diner. — But never: Je suis 
ecrivanl, &.c. 

2. The presait in English answers to the pre-, 
sent in French. Ez. Je travaille. je vols quel- 
ques amis, et je tache de me croire heureux. 

3. The present tense elegantly supplies the 
preterite, in lively descriptions ; and sometimes 
it represents the future. Ez. La fuieur qui 
animoit cet audacieux, excita la niienne. Je 
m'avance pour le punir, et nous commencons un 
rude combat. Dona Helena et sa suivante en- 
tendent le bruit des ep^es ; elles poussent de 
grands cris, qui obligeni Ics valets a se lever 
lis sont bientot sur pied, et ils accourent pou 



xlix 



j^parer les combatlans ; mais ils arrive rent trop 
t;ml. — Je pars deiuain, avez-vous quelques or- 
ates a me donrior 1 La poste arrive ce soir ; at- 
tiiidez-vous des letlres. 
•1. Tile future is generally used in French as 
I English — Ex. La philnso|)hie tSclairera les 
onnnes; ils cesseront enfin d'etre ligres. Nos 
iM ULs-neveux se demanderont ce qu'on appeloit 
j-uidatsdans le dixneuvieme siecle, et rhunianiie 
li'ur fera verser des larracs, ea hsant noire his^ 
tojre. 

5. The preterite indefinite, or compound of the 
[iresent (fai aime, fai Jini, &c.) denotes an ac- 
iion which has hap[tened in the day in which we 
'rj.eak — (jr, in a lime past, but not specified— or, 
.1 a lime past, but which holds to a period slill 
■ visting. — Kz. J'ai dejenne ce matin avec voire 
Feur, et nous avons beaucoup parle de vous. 
J'ai vu voire frere il y a quelques jours; j'ai 
loujours dit que Tinconstance seroit la cause 
de sa mine ; il ra'a souvent promis de s'appliquer, 
ni;us il ne m'a jamais lenn parole. J'ai en la 
tievre au commencement du prinienis. J'ai din6 
deux I'ois avec voire pcre dans le con is de ce 
Miois. Nous avons eu bien des r6voluiions [)en- 
flant ce siecle.— Here the time of the fever, &c. 
is really piist ; but the whole of tJie spring, of the 
week, and of the century, is not elapsed, when 1 
;ii)i sptiaking ; therefore such a lime isconsideied 
just as the day in which I exist. 

a. Tlic imperfect (J'aaiiois, jc fmissois, Sec.) 
"xpre?ses an action beffuu before the time we now 
hung to our consideration, ax\dfinis/icd we know 
not when — or an action expressed as habitual — 
or an action which miglit have been habitual, if 
nothing had hindered il from taking place. Kz. 
I'oursuivis par les Maurcs, ces inforlun^s vivoient 
sur les montagnes, ou demeuroient dans des sou- 
terrains — J'appercus des cuisiniers qui pr«^pa- 
roient un feslin. Ceux-ci mettoient des converts, 
ceux-Ia remplissoient de vin dee cruches de terre, 
et les aulres tournoient des broches, oii il y avoit 
toutes sortes de viandes. — Richelieu respiroii la 
hauteur et la vengeance ; Mazarin 6toii sonple 
et avare— Si les hommes 6toie.U plus sages, s'ils 
vivoient en freres, s'ils savoient apprecicr tons 
les avanlages de la paix, la guerre ccsseroit bien- 
t6t <!'exercer ses fureurs. 

7. The preterite or definite tense, {faimai, je 
re^us, je vins, &c.) denotes an action begun and 
finished in a time entirely past and specified. Ex. 
Nous vimes alors sortir du village et enlrer dans 
la plaine, uq grand concours de personnes ; c'eioi- 
ent les deux 6poux. Nous aliames au-devant 
d'eux, et Diego se fit connoitre. Des cris de joie 



s'eleverent dans rassembl6e, et chacun s'em 
pressa de courir a lui. Nous passames .a nuit 
dans ce bouig, et nous partimes de leuucmain 
pour Cuenca. 

*;^* A s tiiose tenses are very puzzling to begin- 
ners, let us explain them furlJier. 

In any narration a time of action is chosen, 
wliicli lime the speaker supposes present; and 
all tile actions that nappen then, and finish then, 
aie to he related in a preterite tense— The ac- 
tions whicli existed beloie the lime chosen for 
the narration, and are supposed to continue ex- 
isting during that lime, are to be described hi 
the iinpcrfrct tense. The actions which have 
liappened before the time chosen for the narra- 
tion, but without our knowing piecisely when 
they have happened, are to be related in a ftre- 
terite iiideJiintc—By which it ajipears that the 
Imperfect di. scribes; the Preterite indefinite re- 
lates, without marking any time ; and the Pre- 
terite rtlatis a series of facts past in a lime spe- 
cified, and made now present. 

*:^* Let the beginner try to apply tiie preced- 
ing definitions and remarks to the following past 
tenses. 

J'etois dans cette disposition, quand j'appercus 
dans le jardin un paysan qui me regardoii avec 
alteniion. Je crus que c'etoil un jardinier: je 
I'eiivisageai, el je m'imaginai reconnoitre le 
nialheurcux Alvar. Je poussai un grand cri. . 
J'etois senle avec Ines qui avoit le plus de part 
a ma confiance ; je lui dis le soupcon qui ni'agi- 
toii.— Ehe dcscendit au jardin, et peu de terns 
apres jr la vis rentrer fort 6inue. C'est Don Al- 
var, n;e dit-elie. Connne je pouvois le recevoir 
a riK urc meme, parce que le Marquis 6toit a 
Hurirns, je chargeai ma suivante de I'amener. 
Je !:; ivanruis df's qu'il entra. Ra«surez-vou8, 
Ma<l:inif, me dit-il, je suis instruil de toutes les 
peis. rutions que vous avez soufferles. On a r6- 
pandu le bruit de ma mort, et vous I'avez cru, 
parce qu'aiicune leltre de ma part ne vous assu- 
roii du coniraire. Je sais de quelle maniere voiia 
avez vecn, et que la n6cessit6, p!ut6t que I'aniour 
vous a jct(-e dans les bras du Marquis. 

SURJUxVCTlVE. We have here two ques- 
tions to examine. The 1 jt— When is the sub- 
junctive to be used in French 1 The 2</.— What 
is the correspondence between the lenses of the 
indicative, and those of the subjunctive ? 

Some conjunctions, all comjKiunded oi qv 
wavs require the subjunctive ; for wh' -«, al- 
pnl'r. xxxvi. But que, by itself, sonv -^ "ee 
qnirint: the subjunctive, and sonieti- .stimes re- 
niiisl examine lire cause of that va- ^nes not, we 
A .lation. 



1. After all verbs (either icith or without a ne- 
gaiioa) expressing doubt, ff^ar, icish, uncertainty, 
cornrnanJ, nccessUy; or iiideed any passiov, af- 
fection, or desire of the mind, que governs tiie 
subjunctive. Ex. Je doute qu'il vienne. Je 
Grains qu'il n'y aille. Je voudrois tju'ils fussent 
partis. II est possible qu'elle parte sans voiia le 
dire. Je suis surpris qu'ils vous aient parle de 
la sorte. II faut que je sorte tout-a-l'lieurc. II 
seroit fachoux que les ministres u'adoptassent 
pas ce plan. J'admire qu'il dorme si tranquille. 
Je serois bien-aise que nous les bactissions. Sup- 
posotis que ce bruit vienne a se r6pandre ; que 
ierez-vous ? La pluie empecha qu'on ue s'allat 
promener. II est a propos, il est uecessaire, il est 
juste que j'aille le voir. 

2. After all verbs (without au interrogation 
or a negation.) declaring neither doubt, fear, <Scc. 
aat merely expressing certainty and belief , the 
conjunction que governs the indicative. Ez. Je 
crois qu'il viendra. Je repondis que j'avois tort. 
Nous viinesqu'ils nous trouipoienl. Je demeure 
d'accord qu'elle sait emouvoir les spectateurs. 
Nous sentinies que nous avions atfaire a ua lia- 
bile homine. 

3. But, if such verbs are used either interroga- 
tively or negatively, que governs generally the 
subjunctive. Ez. Je ne crois pas qu'il puisse 
r6us3ir. Pensez-vous que la pais se fasse eel 
liiver 1 II n'est pas certain que vous puissiez lui 
parler. Auroit-nn cru que des homnies hbrcs 
eussent voulu se liguer contre la liberie ? 

*,* I say generally, because it sometimes hap- 
pens that que does not require the subjunctive, 
after a verb used either interrogatively or nega- 
tivcty.—This distinction requires some care and 
judgment. — If the interrogation or negation sup- 
poses uncertainty, then que requires the sub- 
junctive; but, in the contrary case, que requires 
the indicative. 

Indeed, this remark might serve as a general 
rule for the use of the subjunctive in any case, 
but it would perhaps be supposing too much 
grammatical accuracy in young people. 

4. (^ui, que, dont, oil, or any relative jironoun, 
serving to connect a verb with a relative super- 
lative, such as Ic plus sage, la plus sage, ii.c. 
will have that verb in the subjunctive. Ez. Cost 
la plus belle femme que je connoisse. Vous parlez 
du plus grand roi qui ait jamais exists. Un v6ri- 
lable ami est le tresor le plus pr6cieux dont on 
puiase jouir. II s'agit des affaires les plus d6- 
licatca oi jamais ministre se soil trouv6 en 
gae6. 

5. By a consequence of the preceding rule, 



qui, que, dont, Sec. generally require the subjunc- 
tive after ^ew/, unique, premier, dernier, personne, 
&.C. when they have the force of a superlative. 
Ez. Cest le seul h^nmie qui nous ail obliges. 
C'est r unique moycn qui puisse les convaincrc 
de leur folie. Ces doux uiinistres seniles pre- 
miers qui aint calcule de .>;ang-iroid les ressoureea 
de la traude et do I'infamie. Cest le dernier 
remude auquol vous puissiez avoir recours. Vous 
lie irouverez personne qui vous soil plus sincere- 
nient attache, (iuelques elforts que vous fassiez. 
Je n'en ai parl6 a qui que ce soil. 

6. When after si, que is used in the sense of 
si, it requires the subjunctive. Ex. Si vous en- 
trez dans sf)n jardin, et que vous y fassiez le 
moindre dogat, vous le metlrez de mauvats hu- 
meur. 

7. In many cases the subjunctive is used, witJi- 
out having any word to govern it ; but, il is al 
ways easy to perceive that a wish, a condition, 
or a supposition is understood. Ex. Puissiez 
vous n'avoir jamais besoin des miichansl (/ 
wis/i.) Eussiez-vous la patience de Socrate, ccl 
hom.'iie vous la feroit perdre— I suppose. 

.After having explained when the subjunctive 
is to be used, let us see what correspondence 
exists between the indicative and the subjunc- 
tive. That is, when the indicative in English, 
is to be put in the subjunctive in French, to 
which of the tenses of the French subjunctive 
go£s each of the tenses of the English indicative. 

1. Tbe present and the /uture of the indicative 
go to the present of lite siibjuncUva Ez. Je ne 
crois pas qu'il le fosse expres— Je ne crois pas 
qu'il lo fasse expres— I do not believe he does it- 
er will do it on purpose. 

2. The imperfect and preteritr definite of the 
indicative, and likewise the conditional, go to the 
definite of the subjunctive. Ez. Quoique je nc 
crusse pas ce qu'il me disoit— Je ne savois paa 
que vous /ussic2 amis— Suppose que nous decoj** 
vrissions leur coquineri« — Though I did not be- 
lieve what he said. I did not know you were 
friends. Suppose we should discover their 
knavery. 

3. The comjKjund tenses follow the order of 
the simple tens<*s. That is— the compound of 
the present and future of the indicative, go to the 
compound present of the sulij.— The compound 
of the imperfect, definite, and conditional of the 
indicative, go to the compound definiu of the 
Bubj. Ez. Quoiqu'il ait lu bien des livres, il ne 
saitrien. Croyezvous qu'il ail eu I'imprudencc 
d'en parler ? Je ne m'imaginois pas qu'ils voua 
en eussent parli. Je ne croyois pae que voua 



russiez vote pour lui. D auroit souhait6 que nous 
eussions on son jaidiii. 

PARTICIPLES. There are two sorts of par- 
ticiples ; one is called gtrand or partidpi.e actioe, 
always ending iii ant; and tlic otlier is called 
participle pant — The I'oruier we siiniply call a-e- 
rund in the following observations, and tlie latter 
participle. 

1. Tne gerund is always indeclinable. Ex. 
George vuyant une rose, vouiut la cueillir ; C6- 
cile ooyant une rose, &c. DeJie et Caroline voy- 
aiU une rose, voulurenl la cueillir ; Guillaunie et 
Coiisuinliii ooi/anl une rose, vouiurent la cueillir. 

There are some gerunds and adjectives which 
aie spell alike; but the adjectives aie declinable, 
and the gerunds suffer no change. Ex. C'est 
uiit honiine charniant; c'est une Itunnie cliar- 
iaaiue— Cieopatre conquit Cesar en le charniant. 
A little practice will soon clear up the dill'erence. 
We shall only observe here- that the adjcctioe may 
svith sense go before or after its substantive; 
whereas the urrrunl cannot be transposed. 

2. We use the gerund as seldom as we can in 
French, and above all, in the same sentence; it 
makes it appear stiif and affected— But, avoid 
tarefully the English turn that permits to use 
the gerund witli an article, or a pronoun. It is 
very bad French— In sucli a case, make use of 
a noun, or of a tense of the verb, fitted to the 
sentence you have to translate. Practice, in this, 
will go much farther than any rule ; but, how- 
ever, we shall give you here some examples to 
direct your stylo. Ex- I think that your speak- 
ing to my father, would be useful to you — Je 
crois que si vous parlicz a mon pere, vous vous 
en trouvericz bien. Je crois qu'en parlant a 
mon pere, &c Si vous consultez vos inttrets, 
vous parlerez a mon pere. .Again; after his 
h'loing given us .that account, he melted into 
tears— Apres nous avoir fait ce detail, il fondit 
en larmes. II nous fit ce detail, et il fondit 



aussitot en larmes. II ne nous eut pas plutdt fait 
ce detail qu'ii fondit en larmes. Again; my 
biing poor and your being rich, is no reason for 
your iudulting /we- Farce que je suis pauvre et 
que vous etes riche, il ne s'ensuit pas que vous 
deviez m'insulter. II est vrai que je suis pauvre, 
et que vous etes riche ; mais cela ne vous donne 
pas le droit de m'insulter. Parce que je suis 
pauvre, et que vous etes riche, croyez-vous avoir 
le droit de m'insulter J 

*^* Remember tliat a verb may have twoobjecia 
-One direct; that is, witliout any preposition — 
The other indirect; that is, with the preposition 
a or dc, expressed or understood. En always 
implies de, and y always implies a. 

3. The participle conjugated with etre has a 
passive meaning, and always agrees, in gender 
and number, vvitii the subject of tJie verb. Ez. 
^lon frere est ckeri el rei>pecte; ma soeur est 
cherie et respectce; mes freres sont cherts et 
respcctcs; mes stjeurs sont cheries et respcctees. 
Ces homnies out ete rtrprimandees et punis; cea 
femmes out 6t6 ri-primandees et punis — By the 
last examples you may perceive that wlien etu is 
joint.d to any of the tenses of the verb avoir, 
with another participle, the meaning is pas.sive, 
and the second participle is considered as being 
conjugated willi etre. 

4. *Tiie participle conjugated with avoir has 
an active meaning, and agrees in gender and 
number with its direct object, when Jiiat direct 
object precedes the participlj ; but, if the direct 
object follows the participle, or if the object is 
not direct, the participle remains indeclinable— 
N. B. Le, la, les, que— me, te, se, nous, vous (jiot 
implyin^iX moi, a loi, &c.) represent llie dkxct 
object~E\i, y, lui, leur, doni, &c.— me, te, se, 
nous, vous [implying a or de, as de moi, a moi, 
&.C.) ropreseut the indirect object of the participle. 
Ex. I^Ion pere a vu les chroaux que vous avez 
achctes. Ma mere, a recu les poinmes que vous 



* This rule is easy to be understood, but its 
principle ofreu perplexed mo, when I tried to 
account for that transition, apparently arbitrary, 
ffOm declinu/'iliCy lo indeclinability and nice vcr- 
sd. I beg leave for a niomenl, to turn from my 
plan, and venture a remark, whi<;h, I think, has 
never been made oi thio subject. If I am wrong, 
I shall only have lost some liiies. 

The participle is so called, because it partici- 
pates of the properties of an adjec-.tive, and of 
(hose of a verb; iiemg variable through genders 
and numbers, like (he former; and re^jarding 
time, motion, and passion, like tlie latter. 



When the participle is before its direct object, 
nothing is there to limit its rights as a verb; it 
helps to tead the sentence, throws its action in 
full on the object, and is not at all submitted to 
it;theiefore it must tlien remain indec4inable. 
Ex. J'ai /tf it voire Icttre; j"ai rrcu vos Icttres. 

But, when the direct object precedes the parti- 
cii)'e, the former announces the sentence, partly 
'eads il, has a primary action on the participle, 
which thus loses its rights as a verb, becomes aR 
adjective, and follows the gender and number 
of the noun that commands it. Ex. La Itttrt 
que j'ai re^at; les Icttrcs que j'ai revues. 



luiavez envoyees; elle m'en a donne deux rfou- 
laines. J'ai lu avec aitentioii !a Uttre que vous 
m'avez ecnie. Ma soeur a rrtrouve Us gants 
qu'elle avoit egares. Les aj^'aires dont vous 
m'avez parli ne reussiront pas. 

5. S'etre, in reflected and reciprocal verbs, has 
the signification of avoir, and lollows the same 
rules. Ex. Mon frerc se seroit excvsi; nia sojur 
»e seroit excuste; nies freres f c serojent excusis; 
mes soeurs 5e seroienl excuaies — II se seroit attire 
la Aainc, &c. lis se seroient altire la haine, &c. 
Elles s« seroient attire la haine, &c. — LaAamc 
yu* votre frere se seroit attiree; les ennemis que 
voire sceur se seroit attiris. 

6. f:«e and /a/Zu are invariable — And so are 
the participles of verbs used impersonally. Ax. 
Cet honinie a Lti: ce que vous eies ; cetie femuoie 
a ite, ces fc^mmes ont iti, Sec. — Les grandes cha- 
leurs qu'd a fnit, c it caus6 beaucoup de mala- 
dies; les grandes chak-urs qu'ii y a eu — thit I 
should write : Les grandes depaiscs qu';7 (s»mL- 
body) a faiLcs; Les grandes chaleurs que nous 
avons eucs—ll, in the two first examples, stands 
for no real ayent, and ihus the verb is imper- 



sonal ; but il and nous, in the other examples, 
aie real agents; and, the verb ceasing thus la 
be impersonal, the rule, No. 4, remains in force. 

7. In the following sentences, and in any sen- 
tence of the like construction, llie participle if 
indeclinable, because it has no object to agree 
with, the object being governed by an infinitive 
which follows, eitlier expressed or understood. 
Ex. La moittre que j'aurois voulu, que j'auroia 
pu, que j'aurois dii achcter. La Ucon que voua 
avez commence d'ltudier. Je lui ai rendu toua 
les services que yai pu (lui rendre is understood) 
Elle ne s'est pas donne toutes les peincs qu'elle 
aiiroit du (se dovner is understood.) 

8. Some granunarians have pretended that 
the particifile should be indeclinable, when the 
subject follows the veib, orwhen the participle 
is immediately joined to an adjective, which 
agrees with the direct object. Thus, they would 
write— Los or dres qu'a donne le roi. Cette re- 
pubhque que ses ennemis ont rendu puissante — 
Write don7us rmdut, to agree witii ordrrs and 
rcpublique. Our best authors now follow, in such 
cases, the general rule. 



OF THE VERBS ccst and il est; ily a; U fait; il faut. 



1. Vest, c'etoit, &c are commonly used— Be- 
fore a substantive, either single, or joined to an 
adjective — Before an adjective pre(;eded or fol- 
lowed by an adverb, or its equivalent— Before 
an adverb alone — Before pronouns; ai<d before 
a verb in' the infinitive. Ex. C"e?t un niLdeciii; 
c'6toit le la-iuais de ma srcur ; c'est une jolie 
femmc ; c'est une femmc charmanie — C'e stroit 
trop imprudent; c'est fait a merville — C'esi assez ; 
c'est demain qu'il doit venir — C'est rile qui me 
I'a dit. C'est nous qui soinmes les agresscnrs — 
C'est vouloir se predre que d'atiaquer ces gens-la. 

2. With tne same verbs, il is commonly used 
before an adjective without substantive ; and be- 
fore a substantive without article. Ex. II est 
prudent de ne pas Uop compter sur I'aveiiir. II 
est lems de diner. — II c.-^t midi a ma montre — 

r,'e sny; c'est vrai, c'est bon, &c. in sentences 
without a regimen, by way of answer, or as a 
remark, in a familiar manner of speaking — ce is 
then a real abbreviation of ccla. 

3. With these same verbs, wnen a substantive 
is taken adjirtivelij, we make use of il. rile, »7,-', 
ellc.i, according to the number. Ex. 11 est m('- 
decin; elle est comtes.ee; its sont soldats; elles 
sont duchesses. Elle est fille (wnwa/^r7erf)— C'est 
la fillede Mr. Blair : c'est la duches.se de,&c.&.c. 

4. When c is followed by a noun or a pro- 
noun in Uie tlvird person plural, the verb may be 



either singular or plural, hut ce does not change- 
However, when a question is asked, the verb 
must remain in the singular. Ex. C'est eux, oi 
ce sont eux qui ont gagne la victoirc. Ce sera 
les Espagnols, or ce seront les Espagnols qui y 
|)erdront — Kst-ce eux qui ont gagnii la victoirel 
Sera-ce les E.>-pagiio!s qui y perdront? 

5. It is, followed by icilh, is rendered intc 
French by il ne fst, whh de, or its equivalent 
Ex II en est de vous comme de nioi. II en est, 
dpr^s la mon, du pauvre comme du tiche 

6. Jl y a, il y nroit, &lc. see page xxviii.— This 
verb di«s not vary in Frcii'-h as it doea in Eng- 
li.sh ; it is always in the third prrsim singular. 
Ex. II J' a de bonnes gens dans tons les pays. II 
y a trop de poivre dans ce ragout. 

7. // est, &c. is sometimes elegantly used in- 
stead of i7 y a, &c. Ex II e.<tdes figures d'hommes 
et de femmes pour qui la toilette ne pent rien. 

8. II fait, il faisoit, fee. This verb is the trasi^ 
lation of it is, it wax, &c. in English, to denote 
the disposition and nature of the air and of the 
weather, and of the ways. Ex. 11 fera beau de- 
main. II a fait froid aujourd'hui. II fail crolt6 ; 
the roads are dirty — It likewise extends to the 
nature and disposition of places, with the help 
of an adj("ctive. Ex. II fait cher vivre a Lon- 
dres. II feroif bon en Italie, si le gouvernemept 
y 6toit moins despotioue. 



liii 



9. II faut, il falloit, &c. see page xxviii.— 
This verb is not impersonal in English, and it 
id alwaj"^ so in Fiench. Hence t!ie constant 
mistake of young beginners, who, instead of 
Baying — II faut que j'aille a Londres. II laudra 
que vous soyez de retour a quatre heures— 
toould eaij; Je faut, nous faut, &c. It is a gross 
error. 

10. This verb, il faut, &c. when used before 
to have, is rendered into French by placing have 
in the subjunctive with que ; or, more elegantly, 
by inserting a personal pronoun. Ex. 1 must 
have money, &c. II faut que j'aie de I'argent; 
il faut que vous ayez de I'argent; il faut qu'ils 
aient de I" argent, &c. Or, still better: II me 
faut de I'argent: il vous faut de I'argent; il leur 
faut de I'argent, &c. 

11. In such senteaces as the following one, 



avoid carefully the passive voice either by mak 
ing use of on with the verb devoir, or, in ren- 
dering subject m French, the word wliich is object 
in English ; or, by any other active turn. Ex. Tlie 
laws must be obeyed— On droit obeir aux loia ; 
il faut obeir aux lois; obeissons aux lois; noua 
devons obeir aux lois. 

1-2. Indeed, I had almost said . Always avoid 
the passive voice in French. The Frencti lan- 
guage bears it with great difficulty, and, wlien 
we cannot bring a verb to an active sense, we 
give it an active appearance by lending a re- 
llective form to the verb. Ex. Le vin se vend 
trois chelins la boute ille. II se irouve des gens 
que rien ne pent contenter. Cela ne peut se 
faire. — The passive sense is so frequently used 
in English, that beginners aie long before they 
can unfetter their sFyle. 



MISCELLANEOUS OBSERVATIONS. 
071 prepositions, Conjunctions, Adverbs, <S-c. 6,-c. 

*^* We hope the reader has not neglected to future, in French, instead of the present. Ex. 
study attentively all the practical sentences from Cluand vous sortirez, vous ferrez bien de prendre 
p. XXXV. to xxxLx. We have only room here for un paraplule ; when you o-o out, &c. you icill, <Stc. 
some remarks. Q.uand je saurai dessiner, je ferai votre portrait ; 

I. Prepositions do not always correspond in whan I know,&:.c. I will,&.c. — The same remark 
French and in English. I mean; w«fA cannot al- stands good for any conjunction equivalent to 
ways be translated by avec, nor of hyde, &c. &c. when, as aussitot que des que, &c. 
Hz. Je suis content de vous ; je pensois a vous — 4. The adverbs, in French, are commonly 
I am satisfied «?//,A you; I was thinking o/ you placed after their verbs; and, isi compound tenses, 

-Some of them are not even expressed at all. between tlie auxiliary v<nb and tiie participle. 



Ex. Nous 6tions seuls— We were by ourselves. 
^-Bf careful in translating and composing; con- 
fiult your dictionary, and you will soon write 
wiiliont Ansilicisms. 



Ex. Vous ne vcnez jamais me voir* Je n'ai pas 
encore appris ma lecon. 

5. When jamais, toujovrs, and souvent meet 
another adverb, place tlumi first. Ex. Nous 



2 The verb of a su{)position, affected by the somnios souvetit ensemble. II ne parte jamais 

riinjiinction, si, can, in French, ba neither in the trop. Comportoz-vous toujours polimcnt. 

future nor the conditional. Ex. Si vous me (>. Never p; ace as.>''^2, r/joj/ff A, after its substan- 

j/rgtcz, {or, si vous voulcz me prefer) votre livre, tive, as thf^y do in English. £r. Vous n'avez 

je vous piftterai le mien. Si votre frere venoit pas assez de patience. J'ai assez de livres, mais 

{or, si votre frere vient) avant cinq heures, priez jo n'ai pas assez de terns pour les lire, 

le ds m'attendre.— IVe may say; Je ne sais s'il 7. A mains que, de craintc que, de peur que, will 



viuiidra. Je ne sais s'il le pourroii— Hut thL'n 
ilie supposition aflecls another part of the sen- 
tence— Sui>p>s6 que je I'invito, je ne sais s'il 
MUAui\,:i..ui nc &:ui s'il viendroit, &.c. On the 
cimtraiy, in the first examples, the supposition 
falls on the very verbs atTectcd by *-i — Suppo.s6 
que vous me preliez, <Stc. je vous prt'terai,&c. 
3. fVli.cn, before a present tense, and followed 



have ne with the verb, which, in English, is not 
negative, and ne pas, when the verb is negative. 
Ex. A moins qu'il ne- vicnne; a moius ipi'il 7)fl 
vionne2>a5. Decrainte qu'il nevienne; decrainie 
qu'ii nc vienne ;>/!.•.•; de peur qu'il ne vieniie; do 
peurqu'ilMc vicnne 7>'t.9. Unless he comes utUcss 
he should not come, &c. 
8. We apply the same rule to the verbs ex- 



by a present tense, has the same construction in pressing fear, risk, and hinderanre, followed by 

French and English. — Kx. duand il vient, il est que, (with the restriction. No. 9.)— Ex. Je cram's 

toi 1 jours pi esse ; when ho. comes, he is, &cc. — But qu'il ne vienne; je crains qu'il he vienne pas; 

this same conjunction irhm, before a present in J'appr6hende qu'il ne vienne; J'apprehende qu'il 

Enulish, and followed by a future, must have a ne vienne ;>as, &.C. 



Uv 



D. Attf-r a comparative (of superiority ot infe- 
rtarity,) which is expresBcd in Frtiicli by 7;/^^-, 
vioins, )iutre, antrimnit, or iJieir equivalent, ne 
is jirefi-xed to the setoiul >efb, wh«en tlie lirst verb 
is ajpiniativey or inltmigalice wtlh a nrgation. 
Ex. Elle est pins riche que vous ne pensiez. 
N'est-cl'e pas plus riche que vous ne pensiez. 

But, if tile tirsl verb is ntg-utive, or inUrroga- 
tive vcithout a negation, ne must not be used. 
y.x. Elle n'esi pa^s niuins belle que sa scEur 
lYtoit. Esl-elle nioins belle que sa siear I'eioit ? 

The same rule is true for verbs expressing 
fear, risk, or hindcrance. — Ex. Je crainsqu'il 7ie 
vionr.e. Ne craignez- vous pas qu'il weviennel — 
Je ne crains pas qu'il vieiine, Craigiiez-voua 
qn'il viennd— J'enipecherai qu'il ne vienne. 
N'emp^cherez-vous pas qu'il 7te vienne 1— Jo 
n'cmpecherai pas qu'il viemie. Enipecherez- 
vous qu'il vienne? 

J.e is sometimes added to ne; it is a point of 
taste which cannot be felt without practice. Ex. 
Elle est plus riche que vous ne le pensiez. N'e;»t- 
elle pas moins belle que ne i'eioit sa suiur ? 

As some very respf;clab!e grammarians give 
it as a rule C without exception} that nc is always 
used after a comparative, we think it necessary 
to refer the readers (if they should entertain any 
doubt) to Mr. Salmon's Compute Systan, where 
they will find tlie rules supported by the authority 
of the French ^Icademij, I'oltatrc, JMarieaux, 
Ftnllon, &.C. 

10. -When a verb used negatively, is in the in- 
finitive, ne and pns come together before that 
verb. Ex. J'ainie niieux ne pas ^tre riche que 
(le faire des has?e?ses. II est iniposcible de ne pas 
d6tebter Ics lyraiis. 

11. jV<j, as an answer, is 7? on in French; and 
vnt that, as a conjunction, ia rendered by non 
qui-, or mm pas qur, with the subjunctive. Ex. 
Voudriez-vous 6ire roi, hii dit Cleobule ? Non, 
repoiidit-il, j'ainie trop la vertii. J'evite la cour ; 
non pas que je haisse la soci6t6, mais je d6teste 
l<s flaneurs. Nous ne nous voyons i)lus ; non que 
Ts-n;:- -• yor.s enncmis, mais nos huiueurs ne s'ac- 
r<i. riant pas. 

\l. Point denies more strongly than pas, aiid 
Ihilli re(iuire the i>reposition de before their re- 
rip'n. Ex. U n'a point d'amis. II n'a pas 
d'Hic-nt. 

1.1. If an adverb follows the negation, pas must 
be used; i)etanse point denies absolutely, and 
rnns«qnently cannot be liniiled by an adverb 
Ex. Je ne vols pas .souvent votre frere. Vous 

Now, I leave my young readers to abler liands, 
U^ss to them. 



n'avez pas beaucoupd'arbres fruititrs dans votr« 
jardin. 

14. When wi is repeated in a sentence, in the 
sense of cither, or, and nor, join nc to iJie preced- 
ing veib in Flench. Ex. Je ne suis ni Demo- 
crate, ni Aristocrate ; jc suis honneie honuue. Je 
ne me plaLs ni a chasser, ni a jouer, ni a buiro; 
j'aime a converscr. 

15. After tlie verbs pouvoir, tavoir, oscr, an(} 
cesser, ne is commonly used without piLs.— Exi 
li n'ose paroitre en public. Nous ne pouvoiu 
r6sister a ia calomnie. Je ne sais ce qu'il veut 
dire. Ce pauvre honmie ne cesse de se rendre 
ridicule. 

16. Neither /)fl5 nor point can appear in a sen- 
tence with ja;naja,pti/5, WI, aucun, nul, personnc, 
qui que ce soil, rien, quoi (^ue ce toil, qvelconqiu, 
when tJiry are used as negative terms. Ex. II 
ne faut jarnais se fior auji mcchans. Nous ne 
voyons plus votre soeur. lis n'ont ni argent, ni 
amis. Je n'ai hi aucun des livrcs que vous 
m'avez envoy^s. ,^Vous n'avez nulle exactitude. 
Personne ne le saiL Je ne ledis a personne. Je 
viens dii pare; je n'y ai vu (|ui(iuo ce soit de 
ma connoissance. C'est un homme qui n'aime 
rien, qui ne sti soucie de rien. Je nc lui ai ja- 
mais rien dit. lis ne peuvenl rfussir a qitoi que 
ces<jii. 

17. Try to avoid the errors often committed ia 
tlie use of the following verbs. 

Jhner; to lead from the place where one is ; to 
guide, i-.x. Menez eel enfant a I'ecolo. Mencz 
mon clieval a I'tcurie. 

j]iiuncr; to bring to the place wliere one is. 
Ex. Amcnez-moi cet enlant. Vous amen era-t-il 
votre cheval ? 

Ennnener; to carry away. Ex. II cmmena 
deux regimens avec lui. 

Remtnir; to carry back. Ex. Remeuez cet en- 
fant a son pere. 

These four verbs generally suppose motion in 
the objects ; they are led and not borne. 

Porter; to carry from the place where one ia. 
Ex. Portez ces livres dans ma cliambre. 

J}pportcr; to bring towards llie place where 
one is. Ex. Apportez-moi du fruit. 

Eviporter; to carry away. Ex. Emportcz cette 
table. 

Reporter; to carrj- back. Ex. Reporlez ces 
livres dans ma chauibre. 

These four verbs generally suppose that the ob- 
jects are unable to move of themselves ; they axe 
borne, and not led. 
\\\vh the hope, however, of not having bten uso- 



A NEW 



FRENCH AND ENGLISH 
POCKET DICTIONARY. 

PART [. 

COJVTAIjMNG the FRENCH BEFORE THE ENGLISH. 



i. B. The reader is referred to the Observations at the beginnivg, in order to understand tht 

Editor'' s plan. 
Fa' the names of remarkable 
Men, Women, Empires, Kingdoms, States, 

Republics, Isiaufls, Peninsulas, Provinces, Cities, 

Towns, Mountains, Volcanoes, Promontories, Capes, 

Seas, Gulfs, Bays, Straits, Rivers, 

Ancient and modern Nations, &c. see the Supplement at tlie End. 



ABA 

Asm. an A. 
, A, pr. to, at, on, vith, in, 
into, within, about, .iccarding 
to, for, of, agaiasc, by, after 
Khd\s,se,sf.under-crust,inpastry 
\baissement, sn. abasement; 

fall; humblinj^; diminution 
Abaisser, va. to abase; lower; 

* let down; * humble 
S'Abaisser, vr. to * fall; de- 
crease; * sijik; cringe 

Abaisseur, sm. diprcssor 
Abalourdir, va. to stupify 
Abamlon, sm. abandoning; lewd- 
ness 
Abandonn6, sm. a rake 
Abandonnee, .«/. prostitute 
Abandorm6, e. a. shameless; im- 

pad-nt 
Abandonnement, sm. abandon- 
ing; giving up; dereliction; 
prof':racy 
Abandonner, va. to * forsake: 

* give ooer; * leaoe off; deli- 
ver vp; * let loose; desert, 
prostitute 

S' Abandonner, vr. indulge one's 
self; despond [lamn 

Abaquo, sm. Abacus, top of a co- 

Abasonrdir, va. to stun 

\batage, sm. charge of clearing 
a forest 
Pakt T. 



ABD 

Abatant, shutter, flap 

Abatardir, va. to corrupt; to mar 

S' — , vr. to degenerate 

Abatardissement, 5//t. corrtiption 

Abat-jour, sky-l,gkt 

Abattement, dejection, faintness 

Abatteur, afcilsr 

Abattis, offal; rubbish; over- 
throw; pulling down 

Abattre, va. pull down; abate; 
afflict 

S'abattre, vr. * fall down; de- 
spond; fail 

Abattu, e. a. afflicted; dejected 

Abattures, .if. foiling 

Abat-vent, .9m. pent-house of a 
steeple; fence against rain 

Abat-voi.K, sm. the canopy above 
a pulpit 

Abb^e, sf. dam; bay 

Abbatial, a. of or belonging to 
an j^bbot 

Abbaye, sf. abbey 

Abb6, sm. abbot 

Abbessc, .<tf. abbr.s.^ 

Aitctder, tm. to turn into an ab- 
scess, or tumour 

AbcciS, sm. abscess, imposthume 

Abdaias. sm. a Persian monk 

Abdication, .if. —tion 

Abdiquer, va. to abdicate 

Abdomen, sm. abdomen 
A 



ABO 

Abducteur, a. s. —tor 
Abduction, sf. — tion 
Ab6cedaire, 2. a. s. novice 
Ab6cher, va. to * feed birds 
Abcille, sf. a bee 
Abequer, va. to * feed a bird 
Aberration, sf. —tion 
Ab6tir, va. to stupify 
S'abttir, wr. to * grow stupid 
Ab hoc & ah hac, at random 
Abhorrer, va. to abhor, detest 
Abigeat, sm. cattle-robbery 
Abjection, sf. —tion 
Abject, te. a. abject^ mean 
Abime, sm. aliyss, hell 
Ahimer, va. to destroy, to ruin 
S' — , vr. to ruin one's self 
Ab-intestat, abintestate 
Abjuration, sf. —tion 
Abjurer, va. to abjure 
Ablactation, sf. the weaning of 

an infant 
Ablatif, sm. ablative 
Abluer, va. to rerine old writing 
Ablution, sf. —tion 
Abn«';gation, — tion 
Ahoi, aboiement, .om. barking 
Abois, pi. point of death; at bay 
Abolir,t'a <(7 abi>Ush;annul; obh 

terate;banish;*for<r^iie;destroy 
S' — , vr. to * be abol'shed 
Abolisscmcnt, sm. annulling 



to 



ABR ABU 

S" abreu vor.w tmlrhi l.phu tiju II y 
Abjt'uvoii, gi-i witti niij/ place 
Abreyeivua. ti sUUcr, kicpfiom 
Abri, dm. shutr.r^ dcj'cnce 
Abricoi, vprnnt 
Abiicote, cavJied aj,rirot 
Abiicotier, s«.. apncot-tree 

Abiivent, gu- shther p-om tcind 
Alirogaiion, if —\ion 
Abrnger, va. aLrognt^:^ repeal 
Abrupio, (es irut vf hmid 
Abrulir, ra. u Lesot ^ 

S' , vr. tc ifroic stupul 

Abrntissenieiit, sm. brutishvess 
Abscisse, sf van of the axin of 

a curve 
Absence, sf. .J^sencc; â– tvavdcring 
Abs^eiit, e. a - absmit 
S'abseiiU'r,r loabstiitoue's sdf 
AbsJiilhf, ^j uctmnwood 
A\K»\\\,*i.ti. oJ'tolute; pcren.jitory 
Absoiuineiit ad. absvlatdy; 
1 quite; iitti r 
Alsohiiion, /•/ — tion 
p/ Absolutoire, :.;• a. nbsolutory 
1 Absorbaiit, u .•>•• ab.^orbtut 
Absorber, vu lO absorb; nuch ».;>; 

destroy 
Absolution, . / — fion 



Aboliiion, sf. — tion 
.-vbouiinable, 2. a. — nalle 
Alotuiiiableiuent, ad. — biu 
Aboininatiuu, .sf. — tion 
Abominer, va. to abominate, 

abhor, detect 
VhondainuieiU, ad. abundantly 
Aboiidaiice, sf. abundance. — 
Avoir la come d'aboiulaiicc, 
to be lucky 
Aloiidaiit, e. a. abundant 
Abondtr, i:n. to abound 
Aboniieiiiciil, sm. agreement 
S'auonnor, or. to bargain, 

compound 
Abonuir, v. to * make good 

mend; improve 
&' — , vr. to* grow better 
Abord, sm. access; attack; resort 
Abordable, 2. a. accessible 
Aljordage, sm. boarding 
Aborder, va. to accost; board. 

land; attack; resort 
Aborigeiies, sm. pi. — gines; na- 
tives 
Abornement, sm. the fixing 

bounds, boundary 
Abomer, ra. to * set boundaries, 

to settle 
Abortif, vc. a. abortive 

, sm. abortive child 

Abouchement, conference 
Aboucher, va. to * bring per- 
sons together; to confer 
S'al>oucher, vr. to confer; parity 
Abougrj, e- a. stunted 
Abouquer, re add fresh salt to 

meat 
About, sm. end, remainder 
About(?, 0. a. placfd end to end 
Aboutir, vn. to border on end 
Aboulissaiit, c. a. bordirin<r on 
— ,sm. abutment; abuttals; limit.' 
Aboutissement, sm. eking-picce; 

suppuration 
Aboyant, a. barking 
Aboycr, 7JJ. to bark 
— a la liinc, to bark trVn one 

cannot bite 
Aboy(■1lr,.«;7^. barker; dun;clicker 
Abr/cti, abridgment 
Abrrgi.T, ra. to abridge 
Abrp\int<Mir, tm. — tor 
Abrt^viation, -v/. — tion 
Abrenver, to iiaicr, soak 



Absoudre, r 
.\tsoiil(', sf â–  
Absu'ine, '2. . 
S'abstenir,»' 
AlKlcrgem, t 
.Absterger, »f 
Abstersif", \> 
Abstrrsiion, t 
.Al»sliiienr.e, 
Abstiiit'i»t, e 
.Alistraciinn 
.Al)ftraire, »< 



absolve 

• : sulutio7i 

I s. ibstrmiovs 
to abstain, r-frair. 
s. abstergent 
'o cleanse a icound 
a abstersive 

• —siun 
-nevce 

a. — nntt 
•f. — tion 
'o ahstracl 



Abstrait, e. <• alistmctcd 



.'\bstri:s, e. c 
Alisiirde,2. . 
AliMiirdnitei 
Absurditi"', *â–  
.Vbus, .ini. a- 
Anustr, V i. ■• 

S' , vr. t 

Abii.sPiir, SI! 
AlHisif, ve. ( 
.Abiisivemei 
.\bii!fT, va. 
pliy first 



ubstnt.<r, dark 
absurd 
ad. absurdly 
—dify 
(.s/; cirin; fraud 
abv*!-; to deceive 
* VI ig lake 
•(dvcer, deceiver 
tbusire 
6-. abusiv'hf 
' throw who shall 



ACC 

Abu lion, sm. a sort of marslf 

71! alio ID 

.\ciibH,good or bail taste offrui't 
Acacia, acacia {a tree) 
Acadjinicieii, member of an aca- 

dtunj 
Acadiimie, sf. academy; gaming- 

tabic, or house; liiirng-housc 
Acad^mique, ^2. a. — viical 

Acadcmiquemeut, ad. enllji 

Acadeuiiste, sm. acudemist 
S'acognarder, vr. to grow sLth- 

Acajou, sm. mahegany 
Acaiiac6, e. a. tliomy 
Acantlio, sf. hr'ank vrsii e, 

bcar\sfuot 
Acaro, sm. —rus; handicorm 
AcariaUt?, 2. a. peevish 
A cause do, c. because 'hat 
A cause quo, because that 
Accablant, c. a. grievous; trou- 

ll'Some 
AccaUlemcJit, sm. opprcs.tion; 

fainUtess; heaviness 
Accabler, vn. to ovcrichclm; 

crush; crpprcss; tire 
Acrapareiutnt, Mjn. nione]>oly 
Accaparcr, v. forestall; engross 
Accarer, to coi front 
Acccder, vn. to accede 
Acceleraieur, * «. — vator 
Acct'leraiioii, sf. — t'on 
Accelcrt-r, va. acrclrruti, f.'jstcn 
Accent, sm. accent; tunr; note 
Accentuer, ra. to nccn:t 
Accentuation, s/. — tion: prosody 
Acceplable, 2. a. reasonable, 

Korih accepting 
Acceptant, e. s. accepter 
Acceptation, sf. acceptance 
Accepter, ra. to accrj>t; leccice 
ACC( pleur, sm. acapter 
.Acception, sf. — tion; accepta- 
tion; respect 
Acces, sm. access; fits 
Accessible, 2. a. acce.ynble 
Accession,*/, accession; increase 
Acccssit, sm. the second best pre- 
mium 
Accessoire, sm. occtssart/ 

— , a. accessaiy; tontributivg 
Accident, sm. necufent; chance 
Accidentel, e. a. —dmtiil 
Accidcntelieuient, ad. —ally 



ACC 

Accise, sf. excise, tax 
Acclanialeur, sm. commendcr 
Acclamation, sf. shout; huzia 
Acclimater, va. to season 
AccoLiitance, sf. fdiniUurity 
Accoi.-^er, va. to calm, still 
Accolade, .«/. embrace; dubbing 
Acco'e, e. a. joined 
Accolt.T, va. to * clip and cull; 
* put together in a dish; add 
into one sum; join 
Accoininndable, 2. a. that viay 

be accumiuodated 
Accoiiiiuodage, sm. dressing of 

miat; fitting up 
Accoinmodant, e. a. good na- 

turcd; complying 
Accoiniiiodatioii, sf. — tion 
Accomiiiode, e. a- tccll provided 

fur; drist out; fated 
Accoinuio(lfiment,s7n.agref.m€7tt; 

expedient; accommodation 
Accominoder, va. to accommo- 
date; to dress; fit; reconcile; 
mend; cook; use ill; * sell 
S'accommoder, vr. to * make 
much of one's self; like; agree 
with; seize upon; * be made vp 
Accompagnateur, sm. one who 

accompanies 
Accompagnement, retinue, ac- 
companying 
Accompagner,t)a. to accompany; 

attend; match; escort 
S'accompagner, na. to * keep 

conipany; be attended bij 
Accomplir, va. to accomplish, 

fulfil, perform 
S'— , vr. to * be fulfilled 
Accomplissemcnt, sm. accom- 
ylishment; fulfilment: fulfill- 
ing 
Accoquinant, e. a. engaging; 

alluring 
S'accoquiner, vr. to grow fond of 
Accoquiner, va. to entice, allure 
Accord, sm. agreement, concord 
Accordable, 2. a. grantable 
Accordailles, sf.pl. espousals 
Accordant, e. a. tunable 
Accordo, sf. keep stroke 
Accord^, sm. bridegroom 
Accordee, ef. bride 
Accordeur, sm. tuner of any mu- 
sical instrument 



ACC 

Accorder, va. to grant; reconcile 
S'accorder, vr. to agree 
Accoidoir, sm. a tuning key 
Accorer, va. to prep, to stay 
Accorne, e. a. homed 
Accort, e. a. complaisant; saga- 
cious; courteous 
Accortise, sf complaisance 
Accostable, 2. a. affable 
Accostcr, va. to accost, * come vp 
S' — , cr. to * keep company with 
Accoter, va. topi op vp 
S' — , vr. to lean against 
Accotoir, sm. prop 
Accouch6e,6/. woman in childbed 
Accouchement, sm. delivery 
Accouchor, va. to * lay a woman 
— , vn. to * be brovght to bed 
Accouclieur, sm. man-mid-wife 
Accoucheuse, sf. midwife 
S'accouder, vn. to lean on one's 

tlbnw 
Accoudoir, sm. a leaning place 
Accouer, va. to * strike a stag 
Accouple, sf. a leash 
Accouplement, sm. copulation 
Accoupler, va. to couple 
Accouicir, to shorten 
S' — , vr. to * grow short 
Acc(mrcisscmi^ia,sm. shortening 
Accourir, vn. to run to 
Accoutrement, sm. garb 
Accoutrer, va. to accoutre 
Accoutumance, ,•-/ habit 
Accoutuni6, e. a. accustomed; 

usual 
Accoutumer, va. to accuslom,usc 
S' — , vr. to use o7u's self 
Accr6diter, to * give esteem 
S' — , vr. to '* get a name 
Accr(!<tion, sf. accretion 
Accroc, sm. rent; hook; stop 
Accroclie, sf. hindcrar.cc 
Accrocher,w. to * hang on a hook; 

* catch; delay; grapple 
Accroire, (fairej to * make one 

believe 
Accroissement, sm. increase; in- 
crement; growth 
Accroiire, vn. to augment, in' 

crease 
S'accroupir, vr. to squat down 
Accroupisscment, sm. sitting 

squat down 
Accru, e. a. increased 



AGO 8 

Accueil, sm. reception 
Accueiliir, na. to receive; * over- 
take 
5'—, vr. to hire one's self 
Accul sm. straitness 
\ccnlvr,va.to *put onehardtoit 
S'— , to * betake ojie's self to a 

corner or wall 
Accumulation, s/*. —tioji 
Accumuler, va. accumulate 
S' — , vr. to increase 
Accusable, 2. a. blameable 
Accusateur, trice, s. accuser 
Accusatif, sm. accusative 
Accusation, sf. —tion, charge 
Accusatrice, she-accuser 
Accus6, sm. party accused 
Accuser, va. to accuse; indict 
Aceiisement,sm lease, farm 
Acenser, va. to lease, * let out 
Acerbe, 2. a. acerb, sour 
Ac6r6, e. a. sharp; keen; acute 
Ac6rer, va. to steel, temper 
Ac^lii, e. acetous, sour 
Ac^teuse, sf. sorrel 
Ac6teux, se. a. sharp, tart 
Acetum, alcalis6, sm. distilled 

vinegar 
Achalander, va. to * get custom 
\charnement, stn. rage, fury 
Acharner, ra. to enrage, provoke 
S' — , vr. to * fall furiously upon 
Achat, sm. purchase 
Ache, sf. smallage 
Acheminement, sm, means to 

bring a thing about 
Acheminer, va. to forward 
S' — , vr. to set off; * go one's way 
Acheter, va. to purchase, * buy 
Acheteur, se. s. purchaser 
Ach6ve, e. a. perfect 
Ach6vement, sm. finishing 
Achever, va. to finish; end; com 

plete; * put to death 
Achoppement, sm. obstacle; rub; 

stumbling 
A chores, sm. pi. the thrush (a 

disorder) 
Acide, 2. a. acid, sharp, sour 
Acidity, .<:/. acidity, sourness 
Aciduler, va. * make aour, 

acidulate 
Acier, sm. steel; sword 
Acolyte, acolyth 
lAconit, sm. aconite; %Dolfbam 



ADE 



ADO 



ADU 



Acoiistique, af. acousUca 
Acqutireur, am.pardiaser, ouyrr 
Acqu6rir, va. to acquire; * f(ct^ 

* buy 
Acquet, sm. acquest 
Acquiescement, compliance 
Acquiescer, vn. to acquiesce, 

yield; comply 
Acquis, sm. ktiowledgc^ acquire- 
ment 
Acquisition, sf. —lion; purchase 
Acquit, sm- acquittance 
Acquit de douane, cocket 
Acquit, (au jeu de billard) the 

lead 
Acquitter, va. to clear, acquit 
S'acquitter, vr. to discharge, 

perform, fulfil, pay off 
Acre, -2. a. sharp, tart, sour 
Acre, sm. acre 

Acret6, sf. sharpness, acrimony 
Acrimonie, acrimony 
Acroalique, 2. a. acroatick 
ACfobate, sm. rope dancer, 

among the ancients 
Acrocliordon, — don; wart 
Acrocome, s. who has longhair 
Acromion, sm. — mion 
Acronique, 2. a. acronical 
Acrosuche, 2. a. acrostic 
— , sm. acrostic 
Acroteres, acrotercs, pinnacles 
Acte, sm. act, action, deed 
Actes, records, rolls; acts 
Acteur, rice, s. actor; actress 
Acti( ve. a. active 
Action, action; share in stock; 

battle; suit at law 
Actions de graces, sf. thanks- 
giving 
Actionnaire, sm. stockholder 
Actioner, va. to sue 
Activenienl, ad. actively 
Activer, va. to put in motion, 

stir up 
Activit6, sf activity, quickness 
Actrice, actress 
Actual, le. a. actual; reed; 
Acmelleinent, ad. now; really 
Acut, e. a. acute 
Acutangle, 2. acute-angular 
Adage, sm. adage; proverb 
Adaptation, */. adaptation 
Adapter, va. to adapt; reply 
Adcquau e. a. complete 



Addition, sj. adUtiun 
Atldiiiuiuii.:i, If. a. auilitional 
AilditiiKiner, ca. to * set up 
ri'addonner, rr. to addict one's 

a, if; to * take to 
Add acteur, A^>/i. adducent muscle 
Ademption, sf. ademption 
Adepte, */«. adept 
Adt^xtre, a. on the right hand 
Adherence, sf. adherence 
Adherent, e. a. s. adherent 
Adherer, to adhere, * stick to 
Adiiosion, sf. adJiesion 
Adjacent, e. a. adjacent 
Adiante, sm. maiden-hair 
Adiaphore, 2. a. indifferent 
Adjectif, sin. adjective 
Adjection, sf. adjectiun 
Adjectivement, ad- — vely 
Adieu, sm. ad. adieu, farewell 
Adipeux, euse, a. adipose; fat 
Adjoindre, va. to adjoin 
Adjoin^, sm. assistant, adjunct, 

partner 
Adjoiiction, sf. adjunction 
Adjudant, s. adjutant 
Adjudicataire,s//». highest bidder 
Adjudication, sf. adjudging 
Adjuger, va. to adjudge 
Adjuration, sf. adjuring 
Adjurer, va. to adjure 
Admettre, va. to admit; allow of 
Adminicule, sm. slight proof 
Administrateur, manager 
Administration, sf. — tion 
Administratrice, —tratrix 
Administrer, ra. administer 
Admirable, 2. a. admirable 
Admirablement, va. —rably 
Admirateur, sm. admirer 
Admiraiif,a.5. note of admiration 
Admiration, sf. — tion 
Admiratrice, she-admirer 
Admirer, va. to admire; to won- 

dcr at 
Admissible, 2. a. allowable 
Admission, sf. admission 
Admon6t6, sm the admonishing 
Adm(m<Her,va.towarn,admunish 
Admoniteur, sm. monitor 
Admonition, sf. warning 
Adolescence, adolescency 
Adolescent, sm. youth 
Adonien, ne a. adonic 
Adoniri, sm. a beau; spark 



Adoniser, va. *o * make fin* 
S' — , to trick one's self out 
Adoniscur, sm. a beau 
Adopter, va to adopt 
Adiiptif, ve. a. ailuptive 
Adoj)tion, sf. atloption 
Adorable, 2. a. adorable 
.\doraleur, sm. adorer, worship 

per 
Adoration, sf. — tion, worship 
.\dorer, va. to adore, worship 
Ados, sm. shelving bed 
.\do5seinent, backing 
.Vdosser, ra. to * put back to 

back, strengthen backwards 
S' — ,vr.tolcini one' shock agaiTtst 
-Adouber, va. to r>yair 
.Adouci, sm. siftening, polish- 
ing, a soft grinding-stone 
Adoucir, to sweeten; appease; 

tame; soften; mitigate 
S' — , ra. to * become sweet; to 

relent; * grow milder 
Adoucissant, e. a. softening 
— , sm. sweetening; soj'lener 
Adoucissenient, sm. softening; 

allay; medium; lenitive; lenity 
Adoue, e. a. coupled; paired 
Adragan, sm gum dragant 
.Adresse, .</. direction of a letter, 

address, industry, skill 
Adresser r. to address; * hit the 

mark; direct 
S' — , * vr. to apply; * be directed 
Adroit, e. dextrous; .'ly 
Adroit, sm. sharji fellow 
Adroitement, ad. deitrously 
Adveniit", ve- a. —titious 
Adverbe, sm. adverb 
Adverbial, e. a. — bial 
Adverbialement, ad. — ally 
Adversaire, s. —sary, opposer 
Adversatif, ve. a. —tioe 
Adverse, 2. a. adverse 
Adversit6, sf. adversity 
Adulateur, sm. adulator 
Adnlatif, ve. a. adulatory 
Adulation, sf. flattery 
Ada\Htrice, Jlatterir 
Aduler, va. to flatter meanly 
Adulte, s. an adult 
Adulte, 2. tt. adult 
Adultere,5m. adultery; adulUrer 
Adultere, sf. adu'tcrcss 
Adultere, 2. o. aduUerout 



AFF 



AFF 



AGE 



Adulterer, va. to adulterate 
Adult6rin, e. l/om in adultery 
Adusle, 2. a. adust, overheated 
Aduster, va. to burn 
Adustion, sf. — lion, burning 
Agr6, e. a. well aired 
Aerer, va. to air 
Aerier,5a. to air {by fumigation) 
Acrieii, ne. a. ethereal; aerosta- 
tic, aerial 
A6rographie, sf. acrography 
Aeromancie, acromancy 
Aerom6tre, sm. acromttcr 
Aeroin6trie, sf. acrometry; ae- 
rostation 
A6roiiaute, sm. air-balloonist 
Acrophobe, one who is afraid of 

the air 
A6ra«tat, ou vaisseaii aerien, sm. 

air-balloon 
A6rostatique, 2. a. —tatic 
Affnbilite, sf. —hility 
Affal)lfi, 2. affable, courteous 
Affableiiient, ad. affably 
Affadir, va. to cloy 
Affadissement, sm. cloyment 
Aff!iire,sf. affair, business ;thing; 
matter; concern; duty; dis- 
pute; action; trouble, scrape 
Affair6, e. a. busy 
AfTaissement, srn. sinking down 
Affaisser, wa. to press down 
S'artaisser, vr. to * sink down 
Affaiter, va. to tawr a hawk 
Aft'ah;, e. a. wind-bound 
AffaliT, va. to lowrr 
Atfainor, tofnwish, stance 
Affamt';, e. a. grcidy of; scanty; 

not strimir mough 
Arteaiiemeiit, sm. Irasrhold 
Affbaser,*'^ <tf * give inleasehold 
Affocratioii, */. —tion 
Atfectt, e. a affected 
Aff«;cter, va. to affict; mortgage; 
appropriate [fictions 

Affeclif, ve a. that moves the af- 
Affection, */. affection, love 
Affectiotin6, e. a. affectionate 
Affcciionner, va. to love 
B' — , vr. to di light in 
Afl«^ctuoiisenieni, ad. kindly 
Affoctucux, se a. affectionate 
Affcrmer, vr. to farm; rait 
AJFennir, to strengthen 
g' — , v" ''» * be strengthened 



Affermissement, sm. support, 

strengthening 
Aftet6, e. a. affected 
Afffeterie, sf. affectation 
Afficlie, sf. bill posted up 
Afficher, va. to post up 
AfRcheur, sm. an advertiser 
Affid6, e. a. trusty, confidant 
Affier, va. to graft 
Affiler, to sharptn 
Affiliation, sf. filiation; adoption 
Affilier, va. to adopt, initiate 
Affinage, sm. affinage, refining 
Affinement, refining 
Affiner, va. to refine 
Affinerie, sf. refinery 
Affineur, sm. refiner 
Affinit6, sf. affinity, relation 
Affinoir, sm. hatchel 
Affiquet, knitting- sheath 
Affiqu(:ts,sm.pl.pretly ornaments 
Affiimatif, ve. a. peremptory 
Affirmation, sf. —tion 
Affirmative, —live 
Affimiativement, ad. positively 
Affirmer, va. affirm, a.sscrt 
Affistoler, to dress, to adorn 
Afflourer, to level; smooth 
Afflicljf, ve. a. afflictive 
Affliction, sf. affliction 
Affligean, e. a. afflicting; sad 
Affligcr, va. to afflict, vex 
S'afliiger, vr. to grieve 
Affluence, .9/. affluence; concourse 
Affluent, e. a. flowing; nriming 
Affluer, vn. to resoi t; abound; * 

flow 
Affiiiblir. va. weaken; nllay 
S'aiVoibiir, vr. to * grow wink 
Artbibiis^-enient, sm. weakening 
AtToler, va. to infatuate 
Affolir, vn. to * grow fool i.th 
Afforage, sm. assiied price 
Affiarer, va. to assize 
Aftburcher, to moor across 
Affi:)urager, afCourcr, to fodder 
Afiburagement, sm. foddering, 

food 
AlTranchi, a freed wan 
Affranchie, sf. freed woman 
Affraiichir, va. to * get free; fret 
— unelettre, to frank 
Affranchissemenl, sm. delivery; 

exemption 
AfftvB, sf. pi. great fright 



Affr6tempnt, sm. hire of a sh^ 
Affi6ter, va. to hire a skip 
Affi-6leur, sm. freighter 
Affreusement, ad. horribly 
Affreux, se. a. dreadful, hideout 
Aflriander, va. to use dainties; U> 

allure 
Affrioler, to allure; entice; decoy 
Affriter, to prepare a pan to fry 

with 
Affront, sm. affront; reproach 
Affronlailles, sf. boundaries 
Affront6,e.a./flct»^(in heraldry) 
Affronter, ra. to face; cheat 
Affronterie, sf. cheat 
Affronteur, se. a cheat 
Affublement, sm. covering 
Affubler, va. to muffle up 
S' — , de quclqu'un, to • i$ 

wrapped up with one 
AffiJt, sm. frame of a eanncn; 

lurking place 
Affutage, SOT. set of tools 
— , the dressing of an old hat 
— , the grinding of tools 
— , the mounting of a piece of 

ordnance 
Affutnr, va. to sharpen; mount 
Afin que, c to the end that 
— de, in order to 
Aga ou Agha, sm. an aga, Turk- 
ish officer 
Agacant, e. a. enticing 
Agare, sf. magpie 
Agacement, sm. setting on edge 
Agacer, v. to * set on edge; to 

entice; ver, provoke 
Agacerie, sf. tiuiccment 
Agapes, /. pi. love-feasts; agapa 
Agaric, .sm. agaric 
Agate, .<r/. agate 
AgatLs, sm. waste, damage done 

in fields 
Age, sm. age 
Ag6, e. a. aged; old 
Agence, sf agency 
Agencement, .9wi. arrangement 
Agencer, va. to * set in order 
S'— , vr. to rig one's self 
Agenda, sm. memorandum book 

— Le drAle est sur mon agenda, 

/ remember that fellow 
S'agenouiller, v. to kneel down 
Agenoulller, sm. hassock 
Agent, sm. agent 



AGR 



AIG 



AIR 



— de change, cxchavge broker 
Aggravation, — lion; provocatiov 
Aggrave, svi. threatening muni- 
lory 
Aggraver, va. to aggravate 
Agile, 2. a. agile, nimble 
Agilemcnt, ad. nimbly 
Aeilit6, sf. agiltty, nimbleness 
Agio, sm. coarse of exchange 
Agiotage, stock-jobbing 
Agioter, va. to stock-job 
Agioteur, sm. stock-jobber 
Agir, va. to act; * do; deal; * 
have an ivfiutnce; behave; ne- 
gotiate; sue 
AgissaiU, e a. stirring, efficacious 
Agitateur, sm. agitator 
Agitation, sf. agitation 
Agiter, va. to agitate; move; stir; 

disturb; disorder; debate 
Agnat, sm. descending from a 

collateral male line 
Agneau, sm. a lamb 
Agnelcr, ra. to yean 
Agnclet, sm. l/imbkin 
Agnelins, sm. pi. lambs'" skins 

prepared 
Agnels, sm. pi. ancient French 

coin 
Agnes, .«/ a young raw girl; a 

simpleton 
Agnus, sm. a religious toy 
Agonie, sf. agony 
Agonisant, 5m. a dying man 
Agonisant, e. a. dying 
Agoniser, vn. to * be at the point 

of death 
AgralTe, sf. clasp 
AgrafFer, va. to clasp 
Agraire, 2. a. agrarian 
Agrandir, ra. to enlarge; raise 
S' — , vr. to * be enlarged, raised, 

promoted; to increase 
Agrandisscinent, *wi. enlarging; 

promotion 
Agr6able, sm. what pleases 

, 2 a. agreeable 

Agr6ablemeiU, ad. pleasantly 
Agr6er, v. to allow; accept of; 
please, like 

un vaisseau, to rig a ship 

Agregat, sm. assemblage 
AgT6gatii>n, sf. admission 
Agreg6, sm. fellow 
Agr6ger, va. to aggregate; admit 



Agrement, sm. agreeallcncss; 

consent 
Ag,Ttinenis,—omaments;eharms; 

music and dancing in a play 
Agres, rigging 
Agresser. va. to aggress 
Agresseur, sm. aggressor 
Agression, sf. — sion; assault 
Agrcste, 2. a. agrestic, rustic, 

clownish; aciu, sour 
Agreeur, sm. rigger of a skip 
Agriculture, .<;/. --ture 
Agriere, groundrent 
S'agritfer, vr. to * cling fast 
Agripper, va. to snatch; pilfer 
Agrononie, sm. lo iter on agri- 
culture, agriculturist 
Agrouper,ru. to group figures in 

painting 
Aguerrir, train vp in war 
S' — , vr. to inure one^s self to 
Aguets, (eire aux, to * lie in wait 
Ah! int. ah! oh! alas! 
Allan, sm. trouble; effort 
Ahcurt6, e. a. obstinate 
Alieurlenienl, sm. obstinacy 
S'alreurter, vr. to * be obstinate 
Alii, int. oh dear! 
Ahunx,va to astonish,hurry:f ret 
Aide,s/. aid, help; chapel of ease 
Aido,sm. helper 
Aider, va. to help; aid 
AidPs, sf. subsidies, excise 
Aigail, sm. morning dew 
Aigayer, va. to bathe, wash 
Aiglc, sm. eagle; superior genius 
Aiglon, sm. eaglet 
Aigre, 2. a. sour; brittle; shrill; 

sharp; severe 
Aigre, m. sourness 
Aigredon, very fine doicn 
Aigre-doux, nuce, a. sourish; 

quaintly polite 
Aigrcfin, a sharpen 
Aigrelet, e. a. tart, sourish 
Aigrcment, ad. severely [wort 
Aigrenioine, sf. agrimony; liver- 
Aigret, e. a. sourish 
Aiaretlt, e. a. tufttd [thcrs 

AiizrctlH, sf. egret; tuft of fea- 
Aigreur, sourness; sharpness; 

spite, spleen 
Aigreurs, pi. heartburning 
Aigrir, ra to * make sour; im 
tate, incense 



S'aigrir, va. to tun} sour; to * be 

angry 
Aiau, e. a sharp, acute; shrill 
Aigiiade, /rf^A irater 
Aigueyer, va- to souk, water 
Aig,tit'niarine, sf. sort of pre 

c/uus stone 
Aiguieie, ewer 
Aiguieree, ewerfhll 
Aiguillo, needle; spire; hand of 

a watch 
Aiguillee, sf. needle-full 
Aiguillcr, sm. needle-maker 
Aiguillettc,i/. taggcdpoint; slice 
Aigui!letier,ra. to tie 'with points 
Aiguillier, sm. needle-case 
A iguillon, ^oarf; sting; motive 
Aiguilionner, va. to * sting, 

drive with a goad; to incite 
Aiguiser, to sharpen; whet 
Aiguisement, sm. sharpening 
Ail, garlic 
Aile, 5/. wing; sweep; aisle of a 

church; ale 
Ail^, e. a. winged 
Aileron, sm. fin; small wing; pi- 
nion 
A\\h\do.,sf. garlic-ragoo,or sauce 
Ailleurs, ad. elsewhere.— D'all- 

leur?, nthericise, besides 
Aimable, 2 a. amiable, lovely; 

agreeable 
Aiinant, sm. loadstone 
Aiinanler, va. to touch with the 

loadstone 
Aimantin, e. a. magnetic 
Aimer, va. to love; like; fancy; 

* be fond iif 
Ainc, .*/. grain 
Aiiic,c. a. cldf St, first-horn 
— , sia. cld'r, nlder, senior 
A]ti(;c,sf. eldest daughter 
.Mnes?e, sf. ehUrskip 
Ainsi, fid. so: thus; just so 

— que, as; even as' so as 
Ajour6, e a. pierced 
Ajoiirncment, sm. summons 
AiemrncT.ra to.<vvimon; * put off 
S'ajourner, vr to adjourn 
Aj'iuter, r-rt to add; join 
Air, sm. air; vent; wind 

— ,sm. manner; carriage; way 
— , sm. tune 
Aiiain. sm bra.<s 
Aire,.*/, area; ii-ind 



ALE 



ALL 



ALO 



-, bir» Jluor; lynj [nest of a 

bird of pr,y) 
Aiiee, a baniJiuorfuUuJ- sheaves 

ready to tkrash 
Aiicr, oil- to * make one's airy 
Airier, mi. to fumigate 
A is, sin. board; plank; shelf 
Ai.-aMce, sf. ease {iyi manners) 
Aisauce, ready money 
Aisunces, sf. jj I. privy 
Aise, '2. a. glad; joyful 
— , sf. ease; content; convenien- 

cy; leisure 
AiiC, e. a. s. easy; rich 
Aisem«ni, sm. prixy; leisure 
AisPUifiiit, ad. easily; fredy 
Aisseiio, sf. armpit 
Aissieu, essieii, axlctree; axis 
Aiti-«3, etres, sm. pL rooms of a 
AjiistejC. a. fttt-t; joined [house 
Ajiisti'fiieiit, S'li. adjusting; 

agrr.'iiieut; attire 
Ajnstt'inens, comicnirnces 
AjiLstiM-, va. to adjust; frame; 
trim; Jit; use ill; reconcile; 
* take one's aim at; direct 
S' — , vr. to prepare one's self; 

suit; trim; agree 
Aiu'Stoir, sm. coinage-scale 
Alaittn", na to suckle 
Alanibic, sm limbec; still 
8'alanibiquer, vr. to puzzle; re- 
fine too much upon 
Alan, sm. bound 
!\iargner,t'H. to * -Hind off to sea 
Aiarino, .of. alarm; fear 
Alariner, va. to alirm., fd^hC 
S'— , vr. to * be frightcKt 
Albatre, s;fl. alaba-t-r ' 
Albeiv-", sf. early prach 
Albian, .sot. a young icild drake 
Allircner, va. to * shout at wild 
ducks [dam-book 

Album, .im. album; memoran- 
Alcade, alcaid; .sheriff 
Alcaique, 2. a. alcaic 
Alcliymie, sf. alchymy 
Alcliyiiiyste, sm. alcliymist 
Alcoran, alvoran 
Alcove, sf. alcove 
Alcyou, .v7rt. kiiig's-fishcr 
Aklerinrtn, alderman 
Altigre, 'i. a. brisk; cheerful 
Alegrement, ad. briskly 
Al^sresso,^ sf. joy; alacrity 



.^rencontre, ad. against; by 
Ale lie, sf. an awl 
Alenlir, va. to slacken 
Aieutour, ad. round about 
Aleiitoars, sm. pi. neighbouring 
places; intimate friends, in- 
Alerion, sm. eaglet [mates 
Alerte, 'J. a. alert; brisk; pert 
, sf. a. warning of being up- 
on one's guard 

, ad. be upon your guard 

Alen (franc,) sm. freehold 
Alexandiin, e. a. aUzandrine 
Alexipharmique, "2. a. antidotal 
Alt.'zan, s. a sorrel horse 

e a. sorrel colour 

Algaradc, sf. insult prank 
Algehraiqu.H, 2. a. algebraical 
Alg(5*re, sf. algebra 
Alg6briser, o. to * ipcak, or * 

write upon algebra 
Algebriste, sm. algchrist , 
Alguazii,— 2/i,cy;(»7.'iiZc in Spain 
Algue, sf. s fa- weed 
Alibi, sm. alibi, absence 
Alibi-forain, pretence, kad excuse 
Aliboron, sm. a. conceited fellow 
Alidade, cross-staff 
Alienablo, 2 a. alienable 
Alienation, sf. —tion, aversion 
A!ieii6, e. a. insane 
Aliener, va. to alienate 
Alignement, sm. line; row 
Aligner, vr. to lay out by line 
Alinioat., sm. a.limcnt; food 
Aliniens, /;/.. alimony 
Alinientaire, % a. —tary 
Albnemer, va. to maintain; feed 
Aiinu;uteux, sc. a. nulritive 
.â– \linoa, sm. aiinea, paragraph 
A linger, va. to furnish linen 
S' — , vr. to * bespeak linen 
Aliquante, sf aliquant part 
Alifiuote, aliquot p'irt 
S'aliler, vr. to '^ keep one^s led 
Alite, 0. a. bed-riddm 
Alizes, (vents) a. trade winds 
Alkali, sm. alkaline 
Alkalisation, sf. —tion 
Alkaliser, va. to alkalise 
AlkernieH,.«?7i. (a con) pound drug) 
A116chen.ent., sm. allurement; 

enticement 
Alle.cher, va. to allure; entice 
\ All^c, sf. entry; walk 



Allegation, quotation 
Allege, a. tender; lighter 
AiKjgeance, allegiance 
Allegenient, sm. alleviation 
Alieger, va. to ease; lighten 
Allegorie, sf. allegory 
Allegorique,^. a. —rical 
AUegoriquement, ad. —rically 
AUegoriser, va. to allegorize 
Allegorisseur, sm. one who is at~ 

ways allegorizing 
Allegorist.c,"sra. allegorist 
Allegro, lively, livelily 
Alleguer. va. to allege, quote 
Alltiuia, sin.vrii.7se t/ie J^ord 
Alleiisand. Iht: German tongue, 
Allemaikle, sf. allcmandc 
A-Uer, va. to * go; walk 
Allen, sm. freehold 
Alliage, sm. mixture of metals 
Alliance, sf. — cc; covenant 
Allie, e. s. relation; ally 
Aliicr, va. to ally; mix 

8' , vr. to match [^c. 

Ailier, sm. a net to catch quails, 
Alligator, — tor, 
AlNibroiie, sm. a clownish man 
Allocation, sf. alloicance in an 

account 
Allocution, — tion 
Allodial, e. a. —dial; free 
Ailodialite, sf. freehold 
Allonge, eking place 
Allongenien, sm. lengthening 
Allonger, v. to lengthen ; to 

stretch; prolong 
S'allonger, vr. to * grow longer 
Ailnual)li', 2. a. allowable 
Allouer, vr. to allow; admit 
Alloue, .s-7/i. a journeyman 
Alliuuer, va. to light; kindle 
8' — , vr. to be kindled 
Al'uniette, sf. a match 
Alliuneur, sm. the snuffer 
Allure, sf. gate; pace; way of 

dciliiig 
AUubion, — sion; quibble; jmn 
Alluvion, —i^ion 
Alniageste,sH/.aZ(noo'cs<, or a col- 
lection of astronomical obser- 
vations 
Alrnanach, sm. almanack 
Alniandine, s/. sort of ruby 
Aloes, sm. aloes 
Alot'iique, 2. a. aloetic bitter 



3 



AMA 



AME 



AMI 



Aloi, sm. alloy; value 
Alors, ad. at that time, then 
Alose, sf. a shad 
Alouette, a lark 
Alourdir, va. to stupify, stun 
AJoyage, sm. allaying; mixture 
AloyaU (de boeuf,) sirloin 
Alphabet, sm. alphabet 
Alphab^tique, 2. a. — betical 
Alphab6tiquement, ad. — cally 
Alpiste, sm. canary-seed 
.\Jt6rable, 2. a changeable 
Alterant, e. a. that causes thirst 
Alt6ratif, ve. a. alterative 
Alteration, sf. —tion; adultera- 
tion; excessive thirst; pervert- 
Altercation, contest [ing 
Alt6re,e. a. thirsty; adulterated; 
altered. — Un tigre alt6r6 de 
sang, ii blood-thirsty man 
Alterer, vu. to cause thirst; dis- 
order; alter; adulterate 
Alternatif, ve. a. alternate 
Alternative, sf. —ive, clioice 
Altemativemeiit, ad. —nately 
Alteme, 2. a. alternate 
Altosse, .'•/. highness 
AUier, e. haughty; lofty 
Altiereraent, ad. haughtily 
Altira6trie, sf. altimetry 
Alv6ole, sm. cell, tooth socket 
Alum, alum 

Alumelle, sf. blade of a knife 
Alumiere, j/. alum-mme 
Alumineux, se. a, aluminous 
Amabilit6,s/. — lity, amiabltncss 
Amadis, sm. frill, ruffle 
Amadou, sm. tindrr 
Amadouement, fondling 
Amadouer, va to fondle, coax 
AniadoTieur, sm. coaxrr 
.\maigri, e. a. emaciated 
-Amaigrir. va. to * make lean 
— , vn. to * grow lean,* fall away 
Amn\grissement,sm.fallingaway 
Amalgamation, sf. — tion 
Amalgame, sm. —gama 
Amalgamer, va. to amalgamate, 

unite 
Amande, almond; kernel; also 
a piece of crystal cat in the 
form of an almond 
Araandier, sm. almond-tree 
Amrint, lover; suitor 
Amantc, sf. sweetheart 



Amaraate, amaranthus 
Amanner, va.to*scjidsailors,>S-c. 
to replace those of a taken ship 
Amarque, sf. sea-mark 
Amarrage, sm. anchorage 
Amarrc, sf. a rope; a fast 
Amarrer, va.* to inakefast,moor 
Amarres, sf. pi. checks, or side 
posts of a wind-beam or crane 
Amas, SOT. heap; pile 
Amassement, heaping up 
Amasser, va. to heap up; * lay 

up; gather, collect 
S'amasser, va. to gather 
Amassette, sf. painter's knife 
AmasbCur, so. s. heapcr up 
Amateloter, va. to dicidp the com- 
pany of a ship 
Amateur, sm- virtuoso, lover 
Amatir, va. to unpolish metals 
An\azone,sf.amazon;boldwoman 
Ambages, sf. pi. preamble, cir- 
cumlocution 
Ambassade, 5/. embassy 
Anibassadeur, sm. amhcLSsador 
Arabassadrice, ><;/ ambassadress 
Amhescis, sm. ambsace 
Ambient, e. a. ambient 
Ambidextre, 2. a. —dexter 
Ambigu, e. a. ambiguous 
— , sm. medl'.y 
— , a game at ca^ds 
.Aiubiguiie, .s/. ambiguity 
Ambigunienl, a-l. —guoiisly 
.\mbitieuiemeiit, — tiously 
.•\mbitifux se a- ambitious 
.â– Vnibii.ion, sf. amhition 
Ainbitioiiiier, va. to affect; to 

* be ambitious 
.Amble, sm. amble 
.Ambler, va. to amble 
Amb!eur,s//i. officer if the king's 

stables 
Ambre, amber 
Ambre gris, awhergHs 
Ambrer, vi. to perfume 
Anibroisie sf. ambrosia; deli- 
cious eating or drinking; oak 
of Jerus dim 
.Arabroisier., ne. a. ambrosian 
Ambulant. e.a ambulatory, strol 

ling 
— , sm. exciseman 
Amliula'oi e, 2. a. —latory 
Ame sf. sjTxli spirit ( 



[ — , middle part of a faggH 
Am6, e. a. well-beloved 
Amelioration, sf. improvement 
Ameiiorer, va. to improve 
Ameliorissemeiit, sm. improve* 

mcnt 
Amen, Amen; so be it 
Amenage, carriage 
Amendable, 2. a. finable; mend- 
able 
Amende, sf. a fine 
Amendement, sm. bettering 
Amender, va. to fine; mend; * 

fall in price 
Aniener, va. to * bring; * strike, 

lower; reduce; cause 
Am^nit^, sf. pleas antncss—Am^' 

nit6 de caractere, sweetness of 

temper.— Amdn'ite de style, 

flowery style 
Amenuiser, va. to * make thin 
Araer, e. a. bitter 
— , sm. bitterness; the gall of 

beasts 
Amerement, ad. bitterly 
Aniertume, sf. bittirness 
Amesurement, sm. appraising 
Amesurer, va. to appraise 
Am6te,e. a. limited, bounded 
,Am6thysle, 5/. amethyst 
Ameublcraent, sm. furniture 
Ameubler, v. vid. Meubler 
Ameublir,ca. to * make moveabU. 
Ameublissement, sm. the making 

moveable 
Ameuloner, va. to heap up 
A*ieutemcnt, sm. mob; coupling 

hounds 
Ameuter, va. to couple hounds; 

to stir up; maintain a good 

understanding amorg 9 body 

of soldiers 
S'ameuter, vr. to conspire 
.Amfigouri, Amphigouri, sm. a 

burlesque discourse 
Ami, friend; siccithrart 
Ami, e. a. friendly: courteous 
Amiable, 2. a. friendly, amicable 
A I'amiable, in a friendly vay 
Amiablemeiit, ad. kindly 
Amiante, sf. amianthus 
Amical, e. a. courteous, amieabU 
Amicalement, ad. lovivghf 
Amict, sm. amice; ^riciti's $A««I> 



AMO 



ANA 



AND 



\in}don, sm. starch 
Amidonner,v a to starch; powder 
Amidonnier, sm starchman 
Atnie, .?/. friend; mistress 
Amignarder,va to fondle; caress 
Amignoter, to fondle; cocker 
Amincir, to * make thin 
Amineur, sm. salt-meter 
Amiral, admiral 
Ainirale, sf. admiral's ship; ad- 
miral's wife 
Amirante, sm. amir ant; Spanish 

admiral 
Amiraut6, sf. admiralty 
Amissibilit6, — bility 
Omissible, 2. a. admissible 
Amiti6, sf. friendship; love; fa- 
vour; sympathy; pleasure, 
mellowness of cloth 
Amities, compliments, 
Amman, s>n. a title of honour in 

Switzerland 
Ammon, come, d'amraon, /. a 

kind of spiral shell 
Ammoniac, sm. g^um ammoniac 
Amnistio, sf. amnesty 
Amoindrir, va. to lessen; abate 
Amoindrissement, sm. decrease 
Amoins de, c. under; except 
Amoinsque, unless 
Amollir, va. to soften; molHfy 
S'amoUir, vr. to * grow effemi- 
nate; * (trow soft; * he moved 
Amolissement, sm. softening; 

effeminacy 
Amonceler, va to heap up 
Amont, ad- up the river 
Amorce, sf. bait; prime; decoy 
Amercer, va. to bait; allure; 

prime 
Amorcoir, sm. an auger 
Amortir, va. quench; redeem; 
allay; * put out; fade; deaden; 
weaken 
S* — ^ ^j. to grow weak; abate 
Amortissable, 2. a. redtema'de 
Amortissement, sm. redeem; 
mortmiin; finishing; abating 
AmovihUit6, sf removing; mov- 
ing away 
Amovibile, 2. a removable 
Amonr, sm- lone; passion 
Amour propre, self-love 
Amours, sm. pi sports; smiles; 
graces 



Amours, .?/. pi. a mistress 
S'amrt^iracher, vr. to* be smitten 

in love 
Amourette, sf. intrigue 
Amoureusement, ad amorously 
Amoureux, se. a. in love with 
Amourcux, sm. a lover, wooer 
Amphibie, 2. a. — bious; neuter. 
— Get homme est un amphi- 
bie, that man i? always of 
every body's opinion 
Ampliibologie, sf. —logy 
Amphibologique, 2. a. —gical 
Amphibologiquemenl, ad. am- 

phibologically 
Amphigouri, sm. nonsense 
Amphigourique, a. obscure, af- 
fected 
Amphisciens, sm. — scians 

Amphitheatre, theatre; first 

gallery 
ATnphore,sf. a measure of liquids 
Ample, 2. a. large; wide; diffuse 
Amplement, ad. fully, amply 
Ampleur, sf. amplitude; fulness 
Ampliatif, ve. a. ampliating 
Ampliation, sf. duplicate 
Amplier, va. to prolong; to re- 
spite 
Amplificateur, sm. romancer; 

artful pleader 
Amplification, sf. —tion 
Amplifier, va. to amplify 
Amplitude, sf. -de, extent 
Ampoulle, bubble; blister; vial 
Ampoull6, e. a. high-flown 
Amputation, sf. —tion 
Amputer, va. to * cut of 
Amulette, sf. amulet; charm 
Amurer, va. to stretch a cable 
Amusant, e. a. amusing 
Amusement, sm. — ment; delay; 

toy 
Amuser, va. to amuse 
A musette, sf. trifling amusement 
Ameuseur, .^m seducer 
Amusoire, sf. amusing trifle 
Amygdales, kernels in the neck; 

tonsils 
An, sm year 
Anabaptisme, —«»•?;« 
Anabaptiste, ^^rist 
AnachorAte, a.iachoret 
Anachroriisme, —nisra 
Anacreontique, 2. q, —tic 



Anagogie, s/. mystery 
Anagogique, 2. a. mystical 
Anagrammatiser, va. to tranS' 

pose letters 
Anagrammatiste, sm. maker of 

anagrams 
Anagramme, sf. anagram 
Analectes, sm. pi. analects; * 
chosen fragments of an author 
Anaiemme, sm. analemma 
Analeptique, 2. a. analeptis ; 

comforting 
Analogic, sf. analogy 
Analogique, 2. a. — gical 
Analogiquement, ad — cally 
Analogisme, sm. — gism 
Analogue, 2 a. analogous 
Analyse, sf. analysis 
Analyser, va. to analyse 
Analyste, sm. an analyst 
Analytique, 2. a. —tical 
Avialytiquement, ad. — cally 
Ananas, sm. ananas; pineapple 
Anarchic, sf. anarchy 
Anarcliique, 2. a. anarchic 
Anath6matiser, va. to anathema' 

tize 
Anatheme, 5/. —ma; person ex- 
communicated 
Anatomic, sf. — my 
Anatomique, a. — cal 
Anatomiquement, ad. —mically 
Anatomiscr, va. to — mize 
Anatomiste, sm. — mist 
Ancfitres, sm. pi. ancestors 
Anchois, sm. anchovy 
Ancien, ne. a. old; late; ancestor 
Ancien, sm. elder; senior 
Anciennement, ad. anciently 
Anciennet6, sf. ancientness; 90- 

niority 
Anciles, sm. pi. sacred shields 
Ancrage, sm. anchorage 
A ncre, sf anchor, iron brace 
Anrr6. e. a. anchored; ankerdOT 

ancree (in heraldry) 
Ancrer, vn. to anchor 
S'ancror, vr. to settle 
Ancrure .9/. a little plait or fold 

in cloih 
Andant6, moderately 
Andouillo. sf hog's pudding 
— de tabac, roll of tobacco 
Andoulllers, sm deer's antlers 
Andouillctte, sf. forced mec^ 



10 



AM 



ANT 



ANT 



Androgyne, sm. — gynus 
AndroiiJe, 5.71 automaton 
Aiift, sm. ass: idiot 
Arieaiiiir, vi. to annihil ite 
S' — ,ti humble one's selJ\to*come 

to nothinr [tion 

Aneantissement, sm. anniMla- 
Aneedotes, .«/. pi anecdotes 
Anee, sf the load of an ass 
Anemosraphie, — ptiy 
An6moinnre, sm. — meter 
An6raoin3trie, sf. — try 
Anemone, sf unemony, wind- 

Jloiar 
Anerie, sf. irross ignorance 
Anesse, a she-iss 
Anet, sm. anise, dill 
Anfractueux, euse, a. uneven, 

winding- 
Angar, sm. shed 
Ange, angel; chain-shot 
Angeliqae, -2. a. angelical 
Angftliqne, sf. angelica 
Ang61iqiieinent, ad. — cally 
Angelot, sm. a sort of ..\'orman 

cheese; ancient coin 
Angelus, ^oe Maria 
Angle, angle 
Anglican, 'e. a. anglican; of 

England 
Angtici.^m'^, sm nnglicism 
Angloif!. Rngltfthmin 
Angloi3, e. a. English 
Angoisse. sf aacruish, pang 
Angon, sm javelin of th^ ff luls 
Angnichiire, «/ hunls nan's belt 
Angiiillade, lishing 
Anguille, "el 
Angiiilli -re, ai eel-pond 
An^'ilaire, l. a. angulir 
An!|ule't\', sr;. a a'tgalous . 
An!i'i-«ti'^, ft. a. narrjio 
Anicrovha, sf. hini rdnce, sub- 

terfige 
Anier, s-n- ass-drincr 
Anil, anil: imigo-pl int 
Anunilvprsion .«/. —ton; check 
Ariinn!, sn. animal, brute 
, e a ani ml; sensual; ssn- 

siblc: hhck/ieal 
Animalcule, s 71 — cule 
AnimaMt6, sf. —Uty 
Ani:na?inn, —tinn 
Aniin6, e a animated; brisk 
Animer, va. anin.ite; enlioan 



S' , vr. to * be angry 

Aniinosite, sf animosity, spite 
Ani5, sn. anist; aniseed; sugar- 
ed aniseed 
Annal, e. a. annual 
Annales, sf. pi. annals 
Annaliste, sm. annalist 
Annate, sf. annals 
Anneau, .?OT. ring, boa; curl 
Annee, sf. year 

bissextile, leap-year 

Anncler, va. to curl; to * ring 
Annelel, sm. little ring; annulet 
Annelure, sf curling 
Annexe, anncz; chapel of ease 
Anaexer, va. to annex; unite 
Annexion, sf. annezment 
Annihilation, — tion 
Annihiler, va to annihilate 
Anniversaire, a. s. — sary 
Annonce, sf banns of niitrimo- 

ny; notice of a play 
Annoncer, va. to * make known; 

* gave out 
Annonciade, sf. annonciada 
Annonciation, annunciation 
Annonciateur, sm. procluimer 
Annotateur, annotator 
Annotation, sf. — tion, inventory 
Aunoter, va. to * takp an inven- 
tory; * make remarks 
Annuel, e. a. annual, yearly 
Annnellement, al. annually 
Annuite, sf. annuity, set pay- 
ment for life 
Annnlaire, 2. a. {doigt) ring- 

fin/cr 
Annul alien, sf. — tion 
Annuler, va to annul; di.sannul 
Anohlir, va to enno'jle 
Anob'is-seiniitit, sm. ennobling 
Anodin, e. a. n.io lyne 
Anonial, c. a. anomalous 
Anomalia, sf. irregularity 
Anon, sm a.is-colt 
Anonn^r, vn. to hesitate, to * 

read clownishly 
Anonym:;, '2. a- —mous 

-, sm — mous author 

Anse, sf. hanile; ear; creek 
Anseatifiues, 2. (ville.s) hansn- 

towns 
Anspe-sade, sm. l.incepesado ; 
I under corporal 
' Antagoniate, antagonist 



Antarctique, 2. a. antarctic 
Aiitecedemment, a I —dently 
Antecedent, e a. foreg-oi^^g 
Anlece<'ent, s.n. antece Itnt 
Antecesseur, predecessor 
Antechrist, antichrist 
Aiitecians, s:n. pi. antinci 
Antenne, sf. sail yard 
Antennes, pi. horns of hnttct 

flies, &c. 
Antepenultiemf?, a. s. —ti>nj 

the lust but two 
Antei ieur, e. a. foremost 
Anterieurement, ad. bnforj 
Anteriorit«, sf. priority 
Antliologie, — logy 
Antliropologie, —logy 
AnihroiK)niorphite, sm. attribut- 
ing a human form to God 
Aniliropopathie, — pathy 
Antliropopiiages, sm. pi. men 

eaters 
Antliropophagie, sf. -^phagy 
Anticlianibre, —chamber 
Antichrese, antichresis 
Antichretien, ne. o. —christian • 
Antichristianisme, .<tm. — nism 
Anticipation, sf. — tion 
Anticiper,ua. to anticipate^fore- â–  

stall 
Anticiper snr, to usurp, invade 
Antidate, sf. antedate 
AntidatPr, va. to antedate 
Antidote, sm. antidote 
Antldoter, va to mix with anti- 
dote 
Anticnii", sf. anthem 
Antilogio, antilogy 
Antimoins. sm. antimony 
Antimonaicliique, -i. a. —chical 
Antinioiiial, e. a. — nial- 
Antinomie, sf. — my 
Antinoinien, ne. s. — miin 
Anlipaps, S'n. antip.ipe 
Antiparalytiqne, 2. a. 3. —lis 
Antipailiie, sf —pathy 
^nripathi'iuft, 2. a. averse 
Antip6ristasfi. sf. —Lasis 
Antipestilentiel, le. a. —tial 
Antipfione, sf. antiphone 
Antiphonaire, Anliplionier, anti 

p'l ofre, book of anthems 
Antiphrase, sf. —pkra.^e 
An'ipodal, e. a. ~dal 
Antipodes, sm. pi. — podes 



APL 



APP 



APP 



11 



A.nt\pode^contrary, contradiction 
Antiptose, sf. antiptosis 
Antipyrotiques, asm.pl. remedy 

good for a burning 
Antiquaille, >/. an antique 
Anticiuailles, pi. old rubbish 
Antiquaire, sm. —quary 
Antiquariat,(Ae knowledge of an- 
tiques and antiquities 
Antique, a. s. antique; ancient 
Antiquire, s/. antiquity 
Amisciens, sm.pl. .fintiscii 
Antiscoibutique, 2. a. —tical 
Antisliophe, sf. —phe 
Antithese, sf. —thesis 
Antitriniiaires, sm. unitarians 
Antitype, sn. antitype; figure 
Antiven(5rit'!i, a sm. — nereal 
Aniiv6ro!ique. 2 a. good against 

the small-pox 
Antre, sm. den; cave; cavern 
S'anniiiter, vr. to be * benighted 
Anus, sm. anu.'i, fundament 
Anxiety, 5/. anxiety., anguish 
\oriste, sm aorist 
Aout, sm. August; harvest 
Ac)Ut6, e. a. ripen: d by the sun 
Aofiteron, sm. h.arvcst-:nan 
Apaaage, appanage; appendix 
Apanager, oa. to settle on 
Apanagiste, sm. a prince whi 

enjoys an appanage 
Apanthropie,.-/..-!;* art//; ropii, i.e 
aversion forths company tfmen 
Aparte, sui. an aside 
Apathie, sf. apathy 
Apathique,2. a. apathie, insensi- 
ble 
Apathiste, sm. void of feeling, a 

selfish man 
Ap6deute, S7/1. en illiterate man 
Ai>ercevoir, va. to perceiv. 
Apercu, sm. note, ohservation 
Ap<^ritif,va. a. apcritine. opening 
Apertfimont, nd. aprrtly 
A-peu-pr<'!S, ad- nearly, almost 
Aph^lie, sm. apheii.nn 
Aphorisme, sm aphorism 
Aphoristique, 2. a. aphmistic 
Aphronitre, sm. snll-pptre 
Api, drlir.ate sort of apple; also 

small'ige 
A[)itoyer, va. to moi^e, npct 
Aplaner, 117? to nap cloth 
Aplau'jur, .-in. he who naps cloth 



Aplanir, va. to level; clear 
Aplanissenient, sm. levrlling 
Aplomb, ad. perpendicularly 
Apocalypse, sf. apocalypse 
Apocaliptique, 2. a.— tic 
Apocope, sf. a final elision 
Apocryphe, 2. a. apocryphal 
Apocliryphes, sm. pi. apocrypha 
Apodictique, 2. a. —ctical, de- 
monstrative 
Apogee, sm. apogceum; height 
Apograplie, —phum; copy 
Apologetique, 2. a. sm.— tical 
Apologic, sf. apology 
Apologiste, sm. apologist 
Apologue, apologue, fable 
Apopluliegme, —thcgm 
Apoplectique, 2. a apoplectic 
Apoplexie, sf. apoplexy 
Apostasie, npo.-tacy 
Apostasier, va. to apostatize 
A postal, sm. apostate 
x^L poster, va. to suborn; appoint 
Apostheine, sm. swelling; impos- 

thume 
Aposthume, sf. aposthume; im- 

posthume, abscess 
Aoosthunier, vn. suppurate 
A postille, sf. postscript, margin- 
al note 
Apostiller, va. to * write margin- 
al notes 
Apostr)lat, sm. apostlrship 
•\postoli(iue, 2. a. apostolic 
A rapostoliqne, ad holily 
ApostoliciuoiiK'iit, ad. —lically 
Apostrophe, sf. apostrophe 
Apostroplier, va. to * speak to; 

* cut off a vowel 
Apotlxiose, sf. apotheosis 
Apotli6oser, va. deify a man 
Apothiraire, sm.. apothecary 
Apoihicairerie, .'./. apothecary's 

shop or business 
Apothicairesso, the apothecary in 

a nunnery 
A[»otie, .sm. an apostle 
Apozeme, sm. apozem 
Appaiser, va. to appease; quiet, 

pacify 
.\pparat, .tm. preparation; com- 

mmtnry 
Appavaux, sm. pi. all appurte- 

vivc-s of a ship 
Appuniil. sm pre jar ationi Ian- 



da ge;c.quipage; height or thick 

ncss of a stone in the quarry 

Appareiiler, va. to march; * get 

ready 
Appareilleur, sm. a marker of 
stones to be cut 

Apparemnient, ad. rcntly, 

likely 
Apparence, sf. appearance; sign 
Apparent, e. a. — rent: eminent 
Apparente, e. a. related 
S'apparenter, r?-. to marry into 
S'apparesser, vr. to * grow lazy 
Apparier, to pair, match, sort 

S' , vr. to couple 

Appariteur, sm. — tor; beadle 
Appaiition, sf. — tion; vision 
Apparoir, vn. to appear 
Apparojtre, to appear 

S' , vr. to * show one's self 

Appartenient, sm. apartment; 

drawing-room 
Appartenance, .</. appurtenance 
Appartenant, e. a. belonging 
Appartenir, vn. to belong to; to 

* become 
Appas, sm. charms, attractive.^ 
Afipfit, bait; allurtmr.nt 
Ajjpater, to allure, to * feed in 

fant3, birds, <SiC. 
Appauvrir, to impoverish 

S' , vr. to * groio p:or 

Appauvrissenieiit, sm. impovcr 

ishmcnt; d^cay 
Appeau, bird-call; quailpipc; 

decoy-bird 
Appel, appeal; call, chnllcnge 
Appelant, e. a. s. appiuling; de 

coy-bird 
Appellatif, ve. a. app.Uative 
Appellation, sf. appial 
Appeller, ur/.. to C'lLl: appeal 

S' , vr. to * be called 

Appendice, sm. appendix, adden- 
da 
Appendre, tja. to append 
Appontis, sv). a shed 
A pperci'vable, 2. a perceivable 
Appc.«antir, va. (o * make heavy 

or dull 
S' — , vr. to * be made heavy; to 

* groic dull 
Appesantissenient.sm. Arnujnfs* 
Appetence, sf. apptcmy 
App6ler, va. to covet 



12 



APP 



APR 



ARB 



AppJtibilite, sf. — Uty 
Appjtible, '2. a. desirable 
Appetis, stn. small onions 
Appetissaiit, e. a. relishing 
Appetissemiint, sm. diminiUion 
Appetisser, vx. to diminish; Iss- 

Sfti; * shrink 
Appetit, sin. appetite; desire 
Appi^tiiif, ve. a. —live 
Appetiti«;>, sf. — tion, desire 
Appieceiiieiit, sm. piecing 
Appiecer, vn. to piece 
S'appietrir, vr. to fade 
Applaiier, pa. to raise the wool 

tcit'i bristly cards 
Applaaeur, sm. wool-carder 
Applauir, ca. to smooth 
Applanissement, sm. smoothing 
Applanisseur, se. s. a polisher 
Applatir,oa. to flatten; beat down 
Applatisseraeat, sni. flattening 
Applaudir, va. to applaud 
Applaudissement, sm. applause 
Applaudissaur, commender 
AppliL'enient, bailing 
AppI ;ger, va, to bail 
Applicable, 2. a. applicable 
Application, sf. — tion; study 
Applique, inlaying 
Appliquer, v i. to apply; set; 

* put; * lay; give, bestow; 

* stick up 
Appoint, sm. odd money 
Appointeriienl, allowance, decree 
A\}p'Wiler,va.to *give allowance 
Appoinieur, sm. partial Jud<re 
\\)\xirt, mtrkct; country wake 
Ap;v.»rta<;p, c irrii.ge 
App:)rtiir, 0(1. to * bring; convey; 

ctuse; use; raise; start 
.•\pp(»ser, to put to or in; * set 
.•\pp )sitioii, sf. — tion; putting 
Appreci;i»eur, sm. appraiser 
.AppniciiUi )!1, sf. appraising 
.\',y,n(icitr, oi appraise; rate 
A;>i)ri;!i.;Ti hr, to apprehend; fear 
A|ip'eIii-'\-ir, ve a. fearful 
Apprenrt't;, va. to learn; hear; 

i.ifor n, discocer 
.\p;)renti, e. s apprentice; novice 
App'enti3-!a2;e, sm. apprentice- 
ship: trial 
ApprSt, prepxrition; painting 
on glts.^: dressing of food; 
ttiffmng 



Appr^ter, va. to prepare; dress 
Appreteur, sm. painter on glass 
Apprivoi.semeiU, taming 
Apprivoiser, oa. to tame; to ac- 
custom 
S' — , to * grow tame 
Appreiiension, sf. —sion; fear 
Approbateur, sm. approver; ap- 

plauder 
Approbatif, ve. a. approving 
Approbation, sf. —tion 
Approbatrice, approver 
Approchaiit, H 2. a. something 

like 
Approchant, ad. about 
— , de. pr. near about 
Approciie, sf. approach 
.A.pproci]er, va. to approach; * 

draw near 
Approfondir, to * malie deeper; 

to search into 
Approt'oudisscment, sm. jnuking 

deeper; investigation 
Appropriance, sf. tJie act of tak- 
ing possession 
.Appropriation, — tion 
Approprier, va- to appropriate; 

to adapt; to fit up 
Approvisionneineat, sm. supply 

of provisions 
Approvisiouaer, va. to supply 

with provisions; provide 
Approvisionneur, s:n. procidfr 
Approuver, va. to approve; to 

like; to allow; con.'seut 
Appro.vimati >?i, sf. —tion 
Appui, sm. support; prop; stay; 

help; lief end sr 
Appui-main, sm. miul.^tick 
Appuyer, vi. to support; * prop; 

protect, keep up 
— , vn. to press or dwell upon 
S' — , vn. to rely: lean; re.st 
.\pre, -2. a. rough; ea^er; hard 
Apreinent, ad. harshly; sharply 
Apres, pr. ad. after, next to 
Apres coup, too late 
Apres quoi, ad. after that; af- 
terwards 
Apres que, c. when, after [roio 
Apres-demain, ad. after to-nior- 
.\pres-din6e, sf. afternoon 
Apr^s-midi, afternoon 
Aprete, roughness; sharpness; 
eq.gemes$ 



Apte, 2. a. apt, fit 
.Aptitude, sf. aptness 
Apuremeut, sm. cleanness; seU 

tling 
Aj)urer, va. to cleanse; settle 
Aquatile, 2. a- aquatic 
Aquatique, 2. a. aquatic;ioatenf 
.\queduc, sm. aqueduct 
.Aqueu.x, se. a. waterish; watery 
Aqailin, e. hawked 
Aquiloa, sm. north-wind 
Aquilonaire, 2. a. northerly 
\rabe, sm. griping usurer; Ara- 
bian; Arabic 
.Arabesques, sf. pi. arabesks; 
whimsical ornamentsi^in paint- 
. ing) 

Arabesse, sf. Arabian woman 
Arabique, Arabesque 2.a.Arabia 
Arable, 2. a. arable 
Arac, sm. arrack 
Araigaee, sf. spider; web 
Arainber, va. to grapple 
Arang, sm. a lazy printer 
A rase meat, equal height 
.\raser, vi to level, flatten 
Araioi re,a. belonging to husban 
dry [stajf 

.•\rbal6te, cross-bow; Jacob's 
.Arbalete a jaie', stone-bow 
.Arbalfiter, va. to shore up; * sta} 
Arbaletrier, sm. cross-bow-man 
.Arbaletriers,.*7n pi. pieces of tim- 
ber that * bear up the rafteri 
of a roof 
.Arbitrage, arbitrage; reference 
Arbitrairo, 2. a. arbitrary; ab 

solute 
.Arbitrairenient, ad. arbitrarily 
Arbitral, e a. (sentence) sf. awari 
.Arhitralemeat, ad. by way of ar 

titration 
Arbitrateur, sm. — tor 
.Arbitration, sf. estimation; priz 

ing 
.Arbitre, (libre,) sm. free-will; 

arbiter 
.Arhitrer, va. to arbitrate; order 
.Arborer, to hoist; * set up 
.Arboris6, a. leaved, tufted 
.Arbousier, sm. strawberry tret 
.Arbre, a tree; beam; mast 
.Arbre de Diane, chymical tree 
.Arbrisseau, shrub; small tret 
.Arbqste, s^rub; bu^h 



ARD 



ARl 



ARM 



13 



Arc, a how; arch; section 
Arc-en-ciel, rainbow 
Arcade, sf. vault; arch; arcade 
Arc,nne,Arcanum,s in. particular 

secret of a quack 
Arcboutant, sm. buttress; ring- 
leader 
Arcbouter, va. to * prop; support 
Arceau, sm. arch, key 
Archal, brass loire 
Archange, archangel 
Arclie, sf. arch; ark 
Arch6e, sm. vital 
Archelet, sm. little bow 
Archer, an archer; a bowman 
Archere, sf. a bow-iooman 
\rchei,sm. fiddlestick ;bn id: hoop 
\rclietypo, archetype; jnndel 
Archevech'i, archbishuprick; 

archbishop's palace 
Archeveqtie, archbishop 
Arcliidiaconat, archdcaconship 
Arcljidiacoiie, archdeaconry 
Archidiacre, archdeacon 
Archidue, archduke 
Arcliidiich6, archlukelom 
Archiducliesse, sf. archdutcness 
^rchi6piscopal, e. a. —pil 
Archicpiscopat, sm. an archbi- 
shop's dignity 
'Vrchi pedant, errant pedant 
Archipol, — ;>eligo 
Vrchipr^tre, sni archnricst 
\rcbipretre, arrhpHesthood 
Archit«ct«, architect 
Arcliitf'Cturo, sf. — tare; fabric- 

buUliag 
Arcliilrave, sm. — travn 
A rchives,*/. pi. archivs; records 
Arciuvi3te, sm. keeper of the re- 
cords 
Arcliivolte, archiimult 
Arrhonte, arrhon, or chief ma- 
gistratein thn Greek republics 
Ar^on, saddle-bow 
Arctiqiie, 2. a. arctic 
\rct'mm, sm..<iort ofprtty mullein 
Ai-cture, sm. Charles's wain 
Ard6Iion, sm. a cringino- rascal 
Ardemment, ad. ardently 
A 'den3, sm. pi- St. .finihony's fire 
A'derit, e. a. ardent; burning; 

Jager; violent; red; fiery 
A dent, sni. jahk-a-lani.ern 
A> deiir, sf. ardour; heat; zeal 



Ardillon, sm. tongue of a buckle 

Ardoise, sf. slate 

Ardois6, e. a- of a slate colour 

Ardoisiere, sf. slate quarry 

Ardre, va. to * burn; consume 

Ardu, e. a- arduous, hard 

Are, sm. fourteen square yards 

English 
Arene, sf. sand, gravel; arena, 

amphitheatre 
Arener, vn. to * sink under 
Aieneux, se. a. sandy 
Areole, sf. circle of a pap 
Areometre, sm. areometer 
Ar6opa!|e, Jireopagus 
Areopagite, — gite 
Arer, va. to drag the anchor 
Arete, sf. fish-bone; edge; ridge 
Argemone, sf. thorny poppy 
Argent, sm. silver; jnoney; ar 

gent 

— vif, quicksilver 

— nionnoy6, coin 

— blanc, silver coin 

Argent coinptant, ready money 
Argent^, e. a of a silver colour 
Argenter, va. to silver over 
Argenterie, sf. plate 
Argeiiteux, se. a. monied 
Argentier, sm. silversmith; house 

steward; purser 
Argeiitifiqiie, 2. a. —tific, that 

which makes .silver 
Argeritin, e. a. silver coloured 

, of clear sound 

Argentine, sf. silver-weed 
Argeiiture, .5/. silver plating 
Argile, white r.lay 
Argileux, se. a. clayey 
Ar;wt, sm. dead bough; stub; 

cant, gibberish 
Arg:>ter, 7;a. to * cut the stub of 

a tree above the ci/e 
Argousin, sm.. sr.dley-sergeant 
Argue, sf. loire-dra'cinrr 
Arguer, va. to * wire-draw 
Argaer, to argue; reprove 
Argument, sm. argummt 
Argumcntant, disputant 
Arguineiitateur, arguer 
Argumentation, .*/. arguing 
Argumenter, vn. to argue 
Argus, sm. ./Irgus, spy 
Argutie, .s/. quirk, cavil 
Arianisme, sm.—nism 



Aride, 2. a. arid, barren 
Aridity, sf. — ty, barrennes 
Arien, ne. a. s. anjirian 
Aries, b6lier, sm. Aries, ram 
Ariette, sf. — ta; tune 
Ariser, va. to lower (a sea term) 
Aristarque, sm. a critic 
Aristocrate, sm. —crat; enslaver 
Aristocratie, sf. — cracy 
Aristocratique, 2. a. —tieal 
Aris!ocratiquement, ad. — call 
Aristod6mocratie, sf. — cracy 
Aristodeinocratique,2. a. artsto- 

democratical 
Arithm6ticien, sm. —dan 
ArithiTK^ftique, sf — m,etic 
Arithm6tique, 2 a. — tical 
Arithmetiquement, ad. — cally 
Arlequin, sm. buffoon, merry-an 

drew 
Arlequinade, sf. buffoonery 
Armadille, little Spanish armcf 

da, a light frigate 
Arinateur, sm. privateer 
Anne, sf. arm; weapon; ar- 
mour, coat of arms 
Armes blanches, bayonets 
Anne a feu, afire-arm; gun 
Arme de trait, a bow, cross-bow 
Aririi^e, sf army; host 
Arineline, ermine 
Armement sm. armament; fit- 
ting out a ship 
Armenien, ne. a. s. Armenian 
Arin6nienne, sf. a. bluish stone 
Ariner, va. to arm; to fit; * bend; 

cock 
S'arnier, vr. to arm one's self; 

fortify; defend 
Armet, sm. helmet; head 
Armillaire, 2. (sphere) hollow 

sphere 
Armilles, sf. pi. mouldings of a 

doric column 
Arminianisme, sm. —nism 
Arininien, ne. a. s. —nian 
Armistice, sm. —tice; truce 
Armoire, sf. cupboard; presa 
Armoiries, pi. coat of arms 
Armoise, mmrwort; mnthwort 
Armoisin, sm. sort of taffeta 
Armorial, book of armory 
Armorier, va. to paint coats of 

arms 
Armorique, 2. a. maritime 



It 



Aim 



ARS 



ASP 



Arino'.isto, SH. arm)ri^t; herald; 
blazoticr 

Arinure, sf. armour 

.\rimin(ir,s m armorer; gunsrnith 

Aromates,sm./7Z. arom.atics; per- 
fume 

Aromatiqtie, 2. o. aromatic 

Aromatisatioii, sf.—tion 

Arosnali^er, va. to perfume 

Aroniatite, s/. a precious stoney 
like myrrh 

Aipailleur, sm. gold finder 

Aipent, French acre 

Arpentage, I'lnl-surveij 

Arpeiiter, va. to survey land; run 

Arpeiueur, sm. surveyor 

Arque, e. a. arched; bent 

Arqiiebusade, sf. — sadc 

Arquebuse, arquebuse 

Arquebuser, vn. to * shoot 

Arquebuserie, sf. trade of a gun- 
smith [smith 

Arqiiebiisier, sm. —sier; gun- 

Arqiier, vn. to * bend 

Arrachement, sm. pulling out 

Arracher, va. to pull, to * draw, 
* pick, * pluck out, or up 

Arracheur de dents, sm. tooth- 
drawer; dentist 

— de cors, a corn-cutter 
Arraisoiirier, v. to arguethecase 
Arranweiiient, sm. scheme; dis- 

posal; contrivance 
Arranger, va. to * set ?n order 
Arras, .9;H a sort nf large parrot 
Arrasement, levelling 
Anaser, va. to level 
Arrentemont, sm. renting out 
Arrenter, va. to * let out; rent 
Arreragcs, sm. arrrars 
Arreragcr, wrt. to * be in arrears 
ArrCt, sin. decree; arrest; dis' 

training; rest; stay; set; stop 
Arrfite, rcsnlution 

— de coniple, a settled account 
ArrMor, va.to * stop; balance; 

dct-^nninc; arrest 
S'arrfeter, vr. to * stop; * stay; * 

be at a stand; tarry; * forbear 
Arrfttiste, sm compiler of decrees 
Arrhe, sf. earnest, pledge, money 

advanced 
Arrhement, sm. the bailing, or 

giving security 
An her, va. to * give earnest 



Arriere, ad. away 

Arriiire de, pr. far from 

Arriere, sm. stern, abaft 

Arriere-ban, arrierban 

A rrie re-boutique, sf. back-shop 

Arriere-cliange, sm. interest up- 
on interest 

Arriere-cour, sf. back-yard 

Arriere-faix, sm. after birth 

Arriere-fermicr, under-tenant 

Arriere-fief, mesne-fee 

Arriere-garde, sf. the rear of an 
army 

Arriere-main, sm. back of the 
hand; back-stroke 

Aniere-neveu, 5ore of a grand- 
child, or mp'iew 

Arriere petite fille, sf. a great- 
grand -daughter 

Arriere petit fils, sm. great- 
grandson 

A.Tr\ere-Y)o\nt,wristband-stitchcs 

Arriere-saison, sf. latter end of 
autumn; old age 

Arriere-vassal, sm. under-tenant 

Arrier6, e. a. in arrears 

Arrit^rer, va. to * throw behind 
hand 

S'arrierer, vr. to * be in arrears 

Arrimage, sm. stowage 

Arrimer, va. to stoio 

Arriineur, sm. stoiccr 

Arriser, va. to lower {the sails of 
a ship) 

Arrivage, sm. arrival of goods 

Arrivee, sf. arrival; coming 

Arriver, vn. to arrive; * come; 

* come to pass, happen, befall, 

* fall out, chance 
Arrogamment, ad. proudly, 

haughtily 
Arroaance, sf. arrogance; pride 
Arrogant, e. a. arrogant,haugh 

t>J 
S'arroscr, vn. arrogate, claim 
Arrondir, vr. to * make round 

* give a good turn 
S'arrondir, vr. to * grow round 
Arrondissement, sm. rounding 
Arrosage, watering 
Arrosement, watering, soaking 
Arroser, vr. to water; baste 
Arrosoir, sm. watering-pot 
.\rsenal, arsenal 

Arsenic, arsenic, orpine 



Arsenical, e. a. —cat 

Art, sm. art, skill, ability. — D 

n'y a point d'art chez lui, ht 

is a most candid man 
Artere, sf. artery 
Art6riel, le. a. arterial 
Arterieux, se. arteriuus 
Arteriole, sf. small artenj 
Arteriologie, sf. —logy 
Arteritomie, —tomy 
Artbritique, 2. a. —tic 
Artichant, sm. artichoke 
Article, article; joint matter 
Articulaire, 2. a. —lar 
Articulation, sf. —tion 
Articuler, va. to articulate 
Artifice, sm. skill; craft; artifice 
Artificiel, le. a. artificial, artful^ 

fictitious 
Artificiellement, ad. —daily; hj) 

art 
Artificier, sm. fire-worker 
Artificieusement, ad. craftily 
Artificieux, se. a. cunning 
Artillerie, sf. artillery; ordnancA 
Artilleur, sm. artilleryman 
Artimon, mizen-mast 
Artisan, e. s.artificcr; tradesman 
Artison, sm. wood-louse 
Artisonne, e. a. worm-eaten 
Artiste, sm. artist; artificer 
Artistement, ad. artfully 
Aruspice, diviner, soothsayer 
As, sm ace 
Asbeste, asbestos, a stone whiek 

fire cannot consume 
A savoir, ad. to wit 
Ascarides, sm. pi. —des 
Ascendant, sm. — dant; influenet 
Ascendant, e. a. ascending 
Ascension, sf. ascension 
Ascensionel, le. a. — nal 
Ascete, s. ascetic; anchoret 
Asc6tiqne, 2. a. ascetic 
Asciens, sm. pi. ascii 
Ascite, sf. ascites; dropsy 
Ascitiqne, 2. a. —tic 
Ascyron, sm. St. John's wort \ 

Asiatique, 2. a. s. Asiatic; looM 
Asine, (bete) he or she ass 
Aspect, sm. aspect; look; vision 
Asperge, sf. asparagus 
Asperger, va. to besprinkle 
Aspers<'?,sm.holy water;sprinkl» I 
Asp6ril6, sf. roughness ' 



ASS 



ASS 



ATI 



15 



Aspersion, besprinkling 
Aspecsoir, sm. Iioly water stick 
Asphodile, sm. day-lily 
Aspic, sin- asp, slanderer 
Aspic, aspic, slanderer 
Aspiiani, e. a. s. candidate 
Aspiianie, sf. probationer 
Aspiration, sf. — tion; pious eja- 
culations 
Aspirer, v. to aspire; * draw 

breath; aspirate; attract 
Aspre, sm. Turkish coin (.about 

one penny) 
Assabier, choke up with sand 
S' — , vr. to run * aground 
Assa.i\\a.ntysm. assailant;aggres- 

aor 
Assaillir, va. to assault., attack 
Assaisonnement, sm. seasoning 
Assaisonner, va. to season 
Assaisonneur, sm. seasoner 
Assaki,5/. the favourite sultaness 
Assassin, sm. assassin, villain 
Assassinant, e. a. very tedious 
Assassinat, sm. assassination, 

villany 
Aa3assinateur,rt5sassi7i,murderer 
AssEissiner, va. to murder, kill; 

plague, vex, tire 
Assaut, sm. assault, storm, onset 
A9s6cher, va. to dry up 
Assecur, sm. a collector 
Assemblage, assemblage, join- 
ing; union; heap 
Assembl6e, sf. assembly; meet- 
ing, ball, rendezvous; call 
Assenibler,ua. to assemble;* meet 
Ass6ner, to *' hit the mark 
Assentinient, sm. assent 
Asseoir, va. to * set; * lay; as 
sess; pitch; fiz 

S' , vr. to * sit down 

Assermenter, va. to * swear one 

to confirm by oath 
Asserteur, sm. assertor; rescuer 
Assertion, sf. assertion 
Assertiveinent, ad. affirmatively 
Asservir, va. to subject; enslave 
Asse.sse{ir,sm.asscssor;assistant 
Assessorial, e. a. belonging to an 

assessor 
Assez, ad. enough 
Assidii, e. a. assiduous, constant 
Aaaidmt^,sf. assiduity, diligence 
Assidument, ad. assiduously 



Assiegeant, e. a. besieging 

Assieger, va to besicga; * ije.ict 

Assieges, sm. pi. the besieged 

Assiente,^/. sZaoe tradeiAssicnto 

Assientiste, sm. one who has a 
share in theJissiento company 

Assieite, sf. plate; situation; as- 
sessment; fund; temper; trim 

Assiett6e, plateful 

Assignat, sm. mortgage; French 
credit-paper 

Assignation, sf. assignment; 
summons, subpoena 

Assigner, ?ja. to assign; to sum- 
mon 

Assimilation,s/. — tion,a making 
like; resemblance 

Assimiler, va. to assimilate, 
* make like 

Assimil6, e. a. compared 

Assise, sf. lay of stones 

Assises, sf. pi. assizes 

Assistant, e. a. s. an assistant; 
helper 

Assistante, sf. a nun that assists 
the abbess 

Assistance, — ce; audience 

Assistans, sm. pi. assembly 

Assister, va to assist; to * be 
present; to help 

Association, sf. —tion; partner- 
ship 

Associe, e. s. partner 

Associer, va. to associate, admit 

Assommer,to knock down; maul; 
oppress 

Assommoir, sm. load-stone in a 
mousetrap 

Assomption, sf. assumption 

Assonance, rhyme 

Assonant, e. a. assonant; chim- 
ing 

Assortunent, sm. sortment; suit; 
set 

Assortir, va. to * stop; match; 
suit 

Assort issant, e. a. matching 

Assot6, e. a. doating; fond of 

Assoiipir, va. to * make drowsy; 
to suppress 

S'— , vr. to * grow dull, or sleepy 

Assonpissant, e. a. somniferous 

Assoupissemeut, sm. heaviiicss, 
suppression 

Assouplir, va, to supple a horse 



Asrfourdir, to deafen 
Assouvir, to gl:d; satisfij 
AsaOuvi.ssfMicnt, sm. gLuting 
Assujf.'ttir, va to subdue; * ovtir- 

come; submit 
S' — , vr. to subject, tie onc''s self 
Assujeltissant, e. a. slavish 
Assujettissenient, sm. subjection 
Assurance, sf. —ce, safety: conr 

fidence; tragi; boldness 
Assure, sm. proprietor of an in- 
sured ship 
Assure, e. a. sure; confident 
Assur6inent, ad. assuredly 
Assurer, va. assure; insure; en- 
courage 
Assurance, sf. insurance 
Assureur, sm. insurer 
Asterisnie, asterism 
Asterisque, asterisk (*) 
Asthniatiaue, 2. a asthmatic 
Asthme, *;«. asthma 
Astrag-dle,astragal,sham liquor^ 

ice 
Astral, e. astral, starry 
Astre, sm. star 

Astreindre, va. to confine, to tie 
up, * bind 

S' , vr. to stick to 

Astringent, e. a. astringent, cos- 
tive 
Astrolabe, sm. cross staff 
Astrologie, sf. —logy 
Astrologique, 2. a. — gical 
Astrologiquement, ad. — calty 
Astrologue, sm. astrologer 
Aslronorne, astronomer 
Astronomie,sf.astrntiomy.-'L'a9- 
troiogie est cliimerique, maia 
Tastrononiie est ceriaine; as- 
trology is imaginary, but aS' 
tronomy is certain 
Aslronomique, 2. a. —mical 
Astronomiquemont, ad. —cally 
Astuce, sf. wile, craft 
Asyie, sm. asylum; shelter 
Atermoyement, delay 
Atormoyer, va. to * put off, delay 
Athee,2. a. s. atheist, atheistical 
Ath6istne, sm. atheism 
Ath6nienne, sf. glass bowl to 

keep curious fish 
Athlete, sm. nthlet, champion 
Athl^tique, 2. athletic 
Atinter, va. to * tricky * set out 



16 



ATT 



ATT 



AVA 



At]ant\que,'i.a.jJtlantic, western 
AUas^sm. Jit las ;ti\s(t Indian satin 
Atmospliere, sf. atmosphere 
Atonie, sm. atom 
Atomiste, atomist 
Atonie, sf. atony; faintness 
Atourner, va. to attire^ dress 
Atours, am. pi. tcoman's attire 
Atout, sm. trump 
Alrabilaire, 2. a. — larious 
Atrabile, sf. black-choler 
Atre, sm. heartk 
Atroce, 2. a. heinoxis, grievous, 

nefarious 
Atrocite, sf. heinousness 
S'attabler, vr. to * sit down at 

table 
Attachant, e. a. eng-aging; en- 
dearing 
Attache, sf. a tic; string; eager- 
ness 
Altachement, sm. affection; tie; 

adhesion 
Attacher, va to tie; fasten; ap- 
ply; endear; nllure; attach 
S' — , cr. to apply one's self: to 

* stick to 
Altaqiiable, 2. a. that may be at- 
tacked 
Attaquant, e. a. s aggres.^or 
Atta«iiie,,</. atta-k: insult; ft 
Attaquer, va. to attack; * fall 

upon; insult 
Atteindre, va. to reach; attain 
Atteint, e. a. arraigned; ajjlictt i; 

hit with or hy; charged with 
Atteiiite, sf. blow; f—"*; fit 
Attelage, sm. set oj harne s, or 

horses 
Attcler, va. to * put to, ot into 
Attelior, sm. icork.-.hop 
Atteloir, sf. a peg, or pin 
Attenaiit, ad. next to; near 
Attenant, e. a. contiguous 
Attendarit, e. a. that waits 
Attendre, va. to wait; expect; 

* st'iy; * put off 
S' — , vr. to rely upon; to expect 
Attendrir, va. to soften; affect 
8' — , to * grow U '-.to * be af- 
fected 
Attendrissant, e. a. moving 
Attendrissement, sm. resenting; 

commiseration 
Attendu, } fcr^ *-» •ceottnt of 



Attendu que, e. seeing that 
Attentat, sm. outrage, attempt 
Attealatoire, 2. a. illegal 
Attente, sf. expectation, hope 
Atienter, vn. to attempt 
Atleiitif, ve. a. attentive, intent 
Attention, sf. attention; care 
Aitentivemem, ad. —rely 
An6nuant, e. i. weakening 
Attenualif, w a. attenuating 
Attenuation, > f. —tion 
Atienuer, va \o attenuate 
A tie rage, sn . ianding-place 
Atterrer, va io * throw down; 

destroy 
Atterissemi lit, »m. land increas- 
ed by sei -siitne 
Attestaiio' I, sf —tion; certificate 

sou/ serm-'nt, affidavit 

Attcster va. attest; aver; call 
Alticisii e, sm. ticism 
Attiedi', va. to cool 
Attied'sseniera sm. coolness 
Attife , va. ti * trick up 
Attit't, sm. tfin'itts 
Attijuo, 2. a attic 
At'iqucmeiv afti r the manner of 

he .,'jthenians 
.•*ltirail, sii. bi^gage; train; 

equipage dress 
Attirant, e i. attri.'ctive 
Attirer, v\ to attratt; * draw 
S'altirer, 4r. to * cret into; to 

* win 
Attiser If feu, va. it stir the fire; 

tu inflytmc 
Atliseur, so. s. one xJio stirs the 

fire 
Attiser. ia. to suborn 
Altitre' va. to appoint; to com- 
mission 
Altitude, sf. attitude, fiosture 
Attou '-heinent, «m. toixh; feel- 
ing 
Attoucher, vn. to * be -elated 
Attoumance, «/. attummcnt 
Attournement, sm. attimment 
Altr Ktif, ve. a. atlract.'ve 
Attv action, .<f/. attractim 
Attractionnaire, 2. a. —nary 
Attractrice, a. attractite 
Attraire, va. to entice, allure 
Attrait, sm. allurement, bait 
AttiJiits, pi. charms, bet uty 
Attrape, sf. gin, snare I 



— mouche, sm. gnat-snapper 
Attraper, va. to * caUh; * kit; 
* gft; cheat; reach; * over- 
take; surprise 
Attrapfcur, se. s. catcher; suv 

priser; cheat 
Attiapoir, sf. trap; wile 
Attraj'ant, e. a. attractive 
Attreniper, va. to temper; dilutt 
Attribuer, to attribute; aterib*; 

assume 
Attribute, sm. attribute 
Attributif, ve. a. attributing 
Attribution, sf. allowance, pri- 
vilege 
Attristant, e. a. sad, grievous 
Attrister, va. to grieve; afflict 
Attrition, */. attrition 
\ttro«j)ement, sm. tumult; riot 
Attrouper, va. to * get together 
S'— , vr. to flock in crowds 
Au, art. m. to the; in; with; for; 
according 

'avacliir, vr. to flag 
Avage, sm. hangman's fees 
Aval, surety for payment 
Aval, ad. downwards; down th* 

river 
Avalage, sm. letting down 
Avalaison, sf. flood, t&rrent 
Avalanges, a/, pi. fall of snots 

from the mountains 
Avalant, sm. ebbing, going down 

a liver 
Avaler, va. to swnllow;*let down 
Avaler, vn. to * go down the ri- 
ver; to hew off' 
S'avaler, vr. to * go down; to 

* hang down too much 
Avaleur, se. s. greedy-gut 
Avaleur de couleuvres, toad 

eater; mean parasite 
Avaloire, sf. large throat 
Quelle avaloire ! what a guzzler ! 
Avance, sf. advance; step; out- 
jutting 
Avanceinent, sm. preferment; 
advancement; progress; for- 
wardness 
Avancer, va. to advance; * sei 
forth; forward; hasten; * go 
too fast; avail; jut out 
S'avancer, vr. to move; * eofn§ 
or * go forward; * get prefer- 



AUB 



AtJG 



AVO 



17 



Avame, sf. oppression; insult 
Avant, sm. prow 
Avaiit,;>r. before; forward; deep 
AvaiUay;e, sin. advantage, en- 
dowment; privilege; honour, 
victory; odds; break-head 
Avautuger,ua. to bestow; gratify 
AvaiitageusemeiU, ad. profita- 
bly; favourably 
Avantageux, se.a.advantageoits. 
— Uiio taille avantageuse, a 
fine shape 
Avaiil-buc, sm.jutiing-stones of 

a bridge 
Avaat-corps, fore-part 
Avam-cour, sf. fore-court 
Avant-coureur, sm. forerunner; 

warning 
AvaiU-couriere, sf. harbinger 
Avaat-fosse, sm. fore-ditch 
Avant-garde, sf. vanguard 
Avant-gout, sm. foretaste 
Av&nl-hi(iT,ad.day before yester- 
day 
Avant-Iogis, sm. fore-house 
Avaiit-irmr, outward wall 
Avant-veille, sf. fore vigil 
AvaiU-jfmr, time bifore sunrise 
Avant-main, forehand stroke; 

forepart of a horse 
Avant-miili, time before noon 
A.varit-propos, preamble 
Avant-toit, house-cace 
Avant-train, forc-whcels 
Avare, 2. a. covetous, sordid 
Avare, s. a miser 
Avaremeiit, ad. covetously 
Avarice, sf. conrtousness 
Avaricieiix, se. a. avaricious 
Avarie, e. a. averaged, damaged 
Avarie, sf. average, damage 
A varies, ;;/. average, loss 
Avasfe, stop {sea-term) 
A-vaii-1'eau, ad. down the river 
Aiibade, sf. aubadc; reprimand 
Anbaiti, sm. alien 
Auhainage, escheatage 
Aubaine, sf. wind-fall; escheat 
Aiibe, sf. day-break 
Aubepiiie, hawthorn 
Auhorge, inn; albcrgc 
AubiTgiste, sm. innkeeper 
Aiibicr, sm. hasletree; sap 
Aubifoiri, cornflower 
Aubin, lohtte of an egg 
PART 



Aucun, e. a. no; none; some 
Aucuneraent, ad. not at all 
Audace, sf. boldness; audacity 
— , a stay (for a hat) 
Audacieuseinent, ad. boldly 
Audacieux, se. a. audacious 
Au-deca, pr. on this side 
Au-dela, beyond 

Audience, sf. audience; hearing 
Audiencier, sm. crier of a court 
Auditeiir, — tor; disciple; judge 
Audilif, ve. a. auditory 
Audition, sf. audit; hearing 
Auditoire, sm. sessions house; 

auditory 
Avec, pr. with; withal; for; 

against; by; in 
Avoindre, va. * take, fetch out 
Aveiine, sf. filbert 
A velinier, sm. filbert-tree 
Avenage, avenage; kind of 

ground-rent 
Avenant, e.a.becoming; suitable 
Avenement, sm. accession; com- 
ing 
Avenir, vn. to happen; chance 
Avenir, sm. summons; future 
A I'avenir, ad. henceforth 
Avent, sm. advent 
AventLire, sf. adventure; event; 

fortune; love 
Aventurer, va. to venture 
Aveiitureux, se. a. venturesome 
AvenUirier, e. a. s. adventurer 
Avenue, sf. avenue; walk 
Averer, va. to prove; aver 
Averne, sm. hell (in poetry) 
Averse, sf. heavy shower 
Aversion, sf. aversion; hatred 
Avertin, sm. crazijirss 
Avertineux, se. a- frantic 
Avertir, va- to warn; inform 
Avertissenieat, sm. advertise- 
ment; warning; caution 
Aveu, confession; consent 
Aveugle, a. s. blind 
Aveiigie-n6, e. stone-blind 
Aveuslenient, sm. blindness 
AveugI6inent, ad. blindly 
Aveugler, va. to blind; dazzle 
— to erect a battery against 
Aveuglette a raveuglette, ad. 

groping, rashly 
Auge, sf. trough; tray 
Aug6e, atrayfull 



AugetjS/n. drawer of a birdcage^ 

spout of a mill hopper 
Angmenl, jointure; augment 
Augmentatif, ve. a. — tative 
Augmentation, sf. —tion 
Augmenter, va. to augment, in- 
crease; enlarge 
Augural, e. a. of an augur, au- 

gurial 
Augure, sm. augury; augur; 

omen 
Augurer, va, to augur ate 
Auguste, 2. a. august; royal 
Augustement, ad. majestically 
Auguslin, sm. .Bustin friar 
Augustine, sf. Austin nun 
Avide, 2. a. greedy; eager 
Avidement, ad. eagerly 
Av\d\te, s/.eagerness ; greediness 
Avilir, va- to disgrace, abate 
Aviiissement, sm. abasement 
Aviner, va. season with wine 
Aujourd'hui, ad. to-day; now 
Aviron, sm. oar 

Avironner, va. to draw with oars 
Avis, S7n. advice; opinion; in- 
telligence; motion; project 
Avis6, e. a. prudent; crafty 
Aviser, vn. to consider; spy; 
descry; warn; look to; * thiufa 
of; resolve 
3' aviser, vr. to* bethink one's self 
Avitailloment, sm. victualling 
Avitailler, va. to victual 
Avitailleur, sm. victualler; agent 
Aviver, tjrt. to brisk up; polish: 
Avivcs, sf.pl. swelling [hew 
Aulique, 2. a. aulic act 
Aumailles, sf. pi. black cattle 
Aumone, sf. aims, charity 
Auni6n6e, giving of bread to the 

poor after funeral obset/uits 
Aumftner, va. to bestow alms 
Aumonerie, sf. almoner's digni- 
ty; almonry 
Aunionier, e. a. charitable 
Aumonier, sm. chiplain 
Auinuce, sf. aumttss 
Aunage, sm. measuring by ells 
Anne, sf. an ell 
Aune, sm. alder 
Auner, va. to measure by the c.U; 

to beat ^ 

Auneur, sm. alnagcr J;cr 

Avocasser, vn. to* be apetttfog- 



13 



AUT 



AZU 



BAD 



Avocasscrie, sf. pettifogsriner 
Avocat, sm. lawyer, advocate 
Avocat plaidant, barrister 

— consultant, chamber counsel 
AvDcate, sf. advocate, mediatrix 
Avoine, Aveinc, oats 
Avoiiies, pi. standing oats 
Avoir, va. to * have, * have got; 

to be 

— faim, to * be hungry 

— soif, to * be thir.-ity 

— chaud, to * be warm or hot 

— froid, to * be cold 
A%-oir b ?au— , in vain 
Av(jir, s/n. substance 
Avoisinor, va. to border on 
Avorteinenl. sm. miscarriage 
Avortor, vn. to miscarry; abort 
Avorton, sm. abortive child; 

.â– ihrimp 
Avou6, avowee; protector 
Avou^, aroyer; avoyce 
Avouer, ca. toown; avow 
Avouerie, sf. advowson 
Auparavant, ad. before 
Auprp?, pr. near: about; by; to 
Aupres, a I. hard by; close by 
Aur6o!o, sf- glory; crown 
Auriculaire, 2. a. — lar 
Ftinioin, — , car witness 
Aurifiqae, 2. a. that converts in- 
to gold 
Anrillas, cheval aurilias, long- 

eare I horse 
Avril, sm. ..Iprl; prime 
Aiuone, sf. wild icnrmwood 
Aiirore, dawn; aurora; yellow; 

the ra-^t; a fair nirgin 
Aurorn !Vtr6a!e, aurora horealis 
Auspice, sm. auspice, omen.pa- 

troms'c 
Aussi, r. nho, sn,too fiH,trulu,as 
A;i9si^ii!^n,/('r.- ns wHl 
Aussi-peu, 1.* little [.foon 

A'i?ji-l''>!, ad. immediat?lij; as 
A;is?i-lot-<V'<-N '^- "* *"'"• i* 
A 'IS* ('re, 2. a. anvtere, rigid 
Aiisiirt'-nenf, ad. sevrrehj 
Aiist6rit6, "f. aimt^rity, rigour 
Austral, e. a. soulhrrn, aiistralis 
Autan, sm. south wind 
Aatant, a1. as riurh,so much; as 

mnrh, as many 
Autant que. e. as much as; as 
far as; as — so 



Autel, aZtar; religion {in poetry) 
Auteur, sm. author; maker; 

writer; owner; inventor 
Authenticite, sf. — city 
Autlientique, 2. a. authentic 
Authentique, sf. authentic; Ro- 
man laws 
Aulheuliquement, ad. —colly 
Authentiquer, va. to prove 
Autocephale, sm. —lus. i. e. his 

own ruler, or juaster 
Autocratic, sf. despotic govern- 
ment 
Autocthones, pi. ahorigines 
Auto-da-fe, sm. auto'de-fe 
Autographe, sf. S- m. autogra- 
phy, original writing 
Automate, sm. automaton; a 

simpleton 
Automnal, e. a. autumnal 
Autonine, 5/. autumn 
Autonoinie, autonomy; liberty 
Autopsie, autopsy; meditation 
Autorisation, impoweriurr 
AutorisorjUi. to impoircr; justify 
S' — , pr. to * get r.ri dit 
Autorite, sf. authority; power 
Autour, pr. about, round 
Autour, sm. ffoss-hawk 
Autre, pr. ot.'ier, ajinthT [fore 
Autrefois, a'l. formerly, hercto- 
Autrefoi?, sf. another time 
Autrement, ad. otherwise; also 
Autrepart, elsewhere 
Autruche, sf. ostrich 
Autrui, sm. others, other people 
A u vent, pent-house; fence 
An vernal, a sort of red heady 

icirte 
Aux. art. pi to the 
Auxi iaire, 2. n. ai'Tiliary 
Ax"^, N-JTi. azis, ail-tree 
^xil!aire.,2. a. ariUry 
\\iiiomancf?, sf. —nin-y 
Axioms, sm axiom, mixim 
Ay, aye, int, ay! o'l! ah! 
Ayeul, sm. granilfat'irr 
Ayeule, sf rtraxdmnt'irr 
Ayeux, am. pi. forefathers 
Aze, sm. an ass 
A/.imut, azimuth 
Aziinutal, e. a. niimiUhal 
Azur, sm. lapis tazuli, azure 
.\7.UT, sky-colour 
Azure, e. a. skycolourei 



Azj'me, 2. a. unleavened 
Azynies, sm. azymes 
Azynnle,j5. aiymite 



B 



B— inol, sm. B-Jlat 
B-quarre, B-sharp 
Babel, (tour de,) sf. confusei 

place or affair 
Babeurre, sm. butter-milk whe\ 
Baliiclie, sf. lap-dog 
Babichon, 5/71. lap-dog 
Bauil, chat, talkativeness 
Bahillard e. a.chatterer,prnttlci 
Bahiller, ra. to chat, prattle 
Bahine, 5/. lip of beasts 
Babiole, bauble, toy 
Babord, sm. larboard 
Babouche, sf. .Asiatic slippers 
B;ihouin, sm. baboon; simplfton 
Babjuiner, v. play the rogue 
Bac, sm. ferry-boat 
Cacaiiau, stock-fish 
Baccalaureat, buclielorship 
Bacchanale, sf. tumultu-ms de- 
bauch; Bacchanal 
tiacchaiiales, Bacchus' s feast 
Bacclianaliser, vn. to bacchana- 

li.^e; to revel 
Bacchante, sf. termagant; bic- 

chant 
BacJia, sm. a hashnw 
Ba-rhelelte, sf. da">sd 
na;:lio!i'^r, sm. bachelor of arls_ 

a kni'/ht 
Ra -liique, 2. a. dru^ikcn, merry 
T5achot, sm. wherry 
Bachot as I'wcAffrry/'nn '5'' K-vHf 5, 
Rar.lioteur, wherrymu'i 
Bai l.'^r, va. to * make fi^i; C'in- 

rhrh. 
Baculor, lo Ihr.i.^h, cudgel 
Baculo-.niiirie, sf. —melnj 
Had iiid, e. .f. booby: cochnnj 
N. n. Badaiid at Pari* an s re t.^ 

t> the worrf Cockney in I^mhn 
n uiaidawc, silliness 
P.aduiiler, vn to irape about 
Rp.daiiderie, sf. silly 'jchnriour 
Badi!!iH)n, sm. plaster of Paris 
Baiizeonner, va. to plaster with 

pfnster of Paris 
Badin, e. a. a. playful, wanton 



BAI 

Badinage, sin. sport, play 
Badiuaat, ahorse of reserve 
Badiiuniuii!, ad. wantonly 
Badiiie, sf. light walking switch 
Badiiu,'!', va. to jest, play 
Badiiicrio, sf.jest; silly trijle 
Badiiies,;;^ small tongs 
bai'etas, sin. a sort of cotton 
Balbuer, va. to ridicule; abuse 
Bafie, .«jf. guttling 
Balier, vn to guttle 
Bafieur, so «. guttler 
Bagage, sin. baggage, liiggngc 
Bagarre, sf. brawl, strife, 0/^1 ay 
Bagatelle, trifle, toy 
Bagatelle, int. stuff! air ay! 

— Vive la bagatelle, away with 

sorrow and care 
Gagaiellier, sm. trifirr 
Bagateilisie, toyman 
Bagne, sni. the place where the 

Turks confine their slaves 
Bagiiolet, sw. Bugnolette, sf. a 

kind of woman'' s head-dress 
Bague, sf. ring 
Bague sauves, clear, safe 
Baguenaude, bladder-nut 
Bagutnauder, vu. to trifle 
Bagueiiaudier, sm. trifler 
Baguer, va. to baste; to * give 

rings and jewels to one's bride 
Baguette, sf. wand; rod; stick 
Baguettes, pi. gantck'pe 
Baguier, sm. ring-case 
Bahut, trunk 
Bahutier, trunk-makrr 
Bai, e. a. bay-colo^acd 
Bai-brun, broirn-bay 
Bai-chalain, of a chesnut colour 
Bai-c!air, bright bay 
Bai-dore, yellow dun 
Bai-mirouette, bright dappled 

bay 
Bale, sf. bayberry; flam; gap 
Bale, bay-gulf 
Baigner, va- to bathe; soak; to 

water 
Baigiieur, se. s. bather; bagnio- 
keeper 
Baigiioir, sm. bathing-place 
Baignoire, sf. bathing- tub 
Bail, sm. lease 
Baile, the Venetian ambassador, 

at Constantinople; a judge, in 

Languedoc 



BAL 

Bailie, .<;/. large sea-tub 
Bailleiuent, sm. yawning 
Biiiller, vn. to gape, yawn 
Bailler, va. to * give, reach, de- 
liver 
—a fernie, to lease; * let otit 
Bill lieu r, se. s. yawner 
Bailleur, sm. leaser 
Bailleresse, sf. leaser 
liailli, bailiff; judge; seneschal 
Bailliage, bailiwick 
Baillive, sf. bailiff's wife 
Baillon, sm. gag 
Baillonner, va. to gag 
Bain, sm. bath, bagnio 
Bain-marie, balneum viarim 
Bajoue, .</. hog'scheik 
Bairam, sm. a solemn Turkish 

holiday 
Baiseniains, sf. pi. cumpUnents, 

service 
Baisement, sm. kissing 
Baiser, sm. kiss, buss 
Baiseur, se. a kisser 
BaLsotier, va. to kiss often 
Baisse, sf. drminution in value 
Baisser, v. to * let down; bow; 
sloop; lower; * strike; de- 
crease; * fall; * sink 
Baissiere, sf. tilt; sediment 
Baisure, kissing crust 
Bai, sm. a ball, dance 
Baladc, sf. a ballad 
Baladine, e. s. dancer at shows; 

buffoon; fop 
Balafre, .9/. gash; slash; rent 
Balafrer, va. to slash; gash 
Balai, sm. broom; besom 
Balais (rubis) a fine ruby; a very 

red pimple 
Balance, sf. balance; libra; scale 
Balanc<^, sm. a balance {in danc- 
ing) 
Balancement, balancing 
Balancer, va. to balance, poise, 
waver 

Se , * swing; hover 

Balancier, am. balance-maker; 

balance of a watch; fly of a 

jack; beam of the scales 

Balancine8, sf. pi. lifts 

Balancoir, S7n. see-saw 

Baiandran ct Balandras, old 

fashioned great coat; ill * 

made garment; clumsy^fdlow 



BAL 



19 



Balayer, va. to * sweep 
Balayer, to kill, or * drive out, 

or from a post {in war) 
Balayeur, se. s. sweeper; a 

broom man, or woman 
Balayures, 5/. pi. sweepings; 

ichat the sea throws up 
Balbutienient, sm. stammering 
Balbutier, vn. to stammer; lisp 
Balcon, sm. balcony 
Baldaquin, canopy 
Haleine, sf. whale, whalebone 
Baleinon, sm. young whole 
Balenas, pizzle of a whale 
Baievre, sf. under lip 
Balise, buoy, or mast 
Baliser, v. to * set buoj/s, masts 
Balislaire, a r.iilitary officei 

among the Romans 
Baliste, sf. balista 
Balivage, sm. the marking of 

pollards in a forest 
Bal'weau, pollard, slander 
Baliverncr, vn. to trifle 
Balivernes,.?/. pi. ribaldry, trifles 
Ballade, sf. 'ballad, song 
Ballant, a. swinging 
Balle, sf. bullet, ball; bale 
Balleram6e, a cross-bar shot 
Bailer, vn. to dance 
Ballet, sm. interlude; ballet 
Ballon, sm. football; balloon; 

sort of boat in Siam 
Ballon aijrostatique, air balloon, 

vid. Aerostat 
Ballonnier, football-maker 
Baln^able, 2. a. belonging to th« 

baths 
Balot, sm. bale, packit 
Balotade, sf. bounding of ahorse 
Balotation, balloting 
Balole, voting-ball 
Balotcr,vn.to ballot; discuss; toss 
Balotin, sm. the boy who receives 

the voting-ball,f,c. also a small 

bale; sort of orange-tree 
Balourd, e. s. loggerhead 
Balourderie, Balourdise, sf. ab- 
surdity 
Ralsamine, balsam 
Bal.saini(]ue, ?. a. balsamic 
Balustrade, sf. baluster, rails 

IBalustie, sm. rail, baluster 
BalustK^, e. a. ornamented wi'M 
balusters, or raiUt 



ao 



BAN 



BAR 



BAR 



Baluslrer, ra. to rail in 

Balzaii, black, or bay horse 

Banibiii, sm. a babe 

Barabochade, sf. grotesque pic- 
tures 

Bamboche, shrim; puppet 

Bambou, sm. bamboo, sort of In- 
dian cane 

B^n, banns; outlawry; exile 

Banal, e. a. common 

Barialit6, sf. the rights of a ma- 
nor 

Banane, sf. banana 

Bananier, sm. banana-tree 

Banc, bank; bench; seat; pew; 
form; sand 

Banc de sable, sand-bank 

Banc du Roi, King's bench 

— common, common pleas 

Bancs, pi. public disputations 

Bancalle, sf. little bandy-legged 
woman 

Bancelle, long form 

Bancroche, sm. little bandy-leg- 
ged man 

Bandage, bandage; truss; bind- 
ing iron plates 

Bandagiste, truss-maker 

Bande, sf. band; fillet; gang; 
link: throng; side 

Bandeau, sm. fillet; veil; peak; 
wreath.— Une grosse pension 
est un grand bandeau, a large 
pension is a thick veil 

Bandelette, 5/. little fillet 

Bander, va. to * bind; stirrup; 
* bend; * stand; cock; bandy 

Se — , vr. to cover; overlook; 
unite in a league 

Bandereau, sm. string for a 
trumpet 

Banderolle, sf. streamer; banne- 
rol 

Bandit, sm. robber; pander 

Bandoulior, vagabond 

Bandouliere ' sf. bandoleer; 
shoulder-belt 

Banlicue, precinct 

Banne, tilt for a boat; cabin 

Banner, va. to cover with a tilt 

Banieret, a. m. banneret 

Bannetoii,*m. a cauf 

Bannetto, sf. sort of basket; a 
cortain number of hides 

Banni^rtf, banner, standard 



Bannir, va. to banish 
Se — , vr. to withdraw from 
Bannissable, 2. a. banishable 
Bannissemcnt, sm. exile 
Banqiie, sf. bank 
Banqueroute, bankruptcy 
Bangueroutier, e. s. bankrupt 
Banquet, sm. a banquet, feast 
Banqueter, vn. to feast 
Banqueteur, sm.f caster 
Banquette, sf. raised way 
Banquier, sm. banker 
Bapteme, baptism 
Baptismal, e. baptismal 
Baptiste, s. baptist 
Baquet, bucket; tray: trough 
Baqueter, v. to scoop oat water 
Baquetures, sf. pi. droppings 
Bar, sm. handbarroic, barb 
Baraque, sf. barrack, hut 
Baragouin, sm. gibberish; cant 
Baragouinage, gibberish; cant 
Baragouiner, v. to * speak gib- 
berish 
Baragouineur, se. who speaks 

gibberish 
Barraquer, va. to make barracks 
Barratte, sf. a churn 
Barrater, vr. to chum, cheat 
Barbacane, sf. kind of fort; a 

barhicat 
Barbare, -2. a. s. barbarous; 

rude; barbarian 
Barbarement, ad. barbarously 
Barbarie, sf. barbarity; rudeness 
Barbarisme, sm. barbarism 
Barbe, ef beard; lappet; fiap- 

pet; waddle; barbie 
Barbe, sm. a Barbary horse 
Barbes, sf. pi. whiskers of a cat, 
iS-c. feathers of a quill, bar- 
bies, fins 
Barb6, e. a. bearded 
Barbeau, sm. a. barbel 
BarbeI6, e. a. bearded 
Barberie, sf. profession of shav- 
ing 
Barbet, sm. a spaniel, a tell-tale 
Barbette, sf. stomacher for nuns 
Barbiche, lap-dog 
Barbichon, sm. small lap-dog 
Barbier, a barber, tonsor 
Barbifier, va. to shave 
Barbillon, sm. little barbel 
Barbon, a gray-beard 



Barbon, ne. a. morose; peevish 

Barbonnage, sm. peevishness 

Barliole, sf. eel-pout 

Barboier, v. to mutter; muddle 

Barboteur, sm. a dunce 

Barbotiiie, sf. worm-seed 

Barbouillage, sm. daubing; nonr 
sense 

Barbouiller, va. to daub; perplex; 
scribble 

Se — , vr. to daub one's ace; * 
lose one's character 

Barbouilleur, se. dauber; scrib- 
bler 

Barbu, e. a. bearded 

Barbue, sf. a dab, quickset, vine 

Barbuquet, sm. chap; scab 

Barcarolle, sf. a Venetian ballad 

Bardaiie, sf. burdock 

Barde. bard; slice of bacon 

Bardeau, sm. shingle 

Barder, va. to cover with a slice 
of bacon; to bard 

Bardea, sm. partition 

Bardeur, day-labourer 

Bardot, small mule; drudge; in- 
complete book 

Barge, sf. a barge; boat 

Barguianage, sm. haggling 

Barguiencr, h.iggle; waver 

Barguigneur, se. *. hngffler 

Baril, sm. barrel, runTUct 

Barillet, krg; barrel of a watth 

Bariolage, vicllry of colours 

Bariol^, e. speckled 

Barnabite, sm. bamabite 

Barnacle, sf. sea-duck 

Barocher, va. to daub 

Barometre, sm. barometer, wear 
iher-nrlass 

Barom(>tri(iue, 2. a. — trical 

Baron, sm. a baron 

Baronnage, baronage 

Baronnei, a baronet 

Baronne, sf. baroness 

Baronnie, barony 

Baroque, 2. a. rough; odd 

Baroscope, sm. baroscope, baro- 
meter 

Barot, a beam 

Barotin, small beam 

Barque, sf. a bark 

Bai:;uerolle, little fishinff-boai 

Barrage, sm. passage-toll 

Barrager, toll-gatherer 



i 



BAS 



BAT 



BAV 



21 



Barre, «/. a bar; spar; whip- 
staff; cross-bar; barrier 
Carres, pi. pari of a horse's ne- 
ther jaw 
Barreau, sm. bar; little bar; 

court; lawyers 
Barrer, va. to bar; * stop; * knit 

fast; erase 
Barrette, sf. bonnet, cap 
Barricade, barricadu 
Barricader, va. to barricade 
Barriere, sf. barrier; hinderance; 

gate; list 
Barrique, hogshead 
Barriquot, sm. small barrel 
BailUiVC\le,sf.large red partridge 
Barses, sf. pi. canister [in which 

tea is brought from China) 
Bas, se. a. low, shallow, base; 

mean; faint; short 
Ba3 fond, sm.Jlat, shallo 

— peuple, populace, mob 

— relief, basso relievo 
Baa, sm. a stocking, hose 
Bas, ad. down, low 

Bas, sm. bottom; foot; lower 
part 

Basalte, sm. a kind of black mar- 
ble; a touchstone 

Basane, sf. tanned sheep's lea- 
ther 

Basan^, e. a. tawny 

Basbord, sm. the larboard 

Bascule, sf. swipe; swing gale; 
see-saw 

Base, basis 

Baser, va. to settle; fix, establish 

Basilic, sm. basilisk; sweet basil 

Basiiicoii, — con 

Basiiique, sf. stately church, 
court of justice 

Basiiique, 2- a. basilical 

Basin, sm. dimity 

Casoche, sf. the company oflaw- 
yrrs' clerks of the parliament 
of Paris 

Ba^ochien, sm. an officer of the 
company of lawyers' clerks 

Basque, sf. skirt of a doublet 

Basse, the bass, in music 

Basse continue, a thorough bass 

— taille, counter tenor 
cr- de viole, bass viol 
Basse-cour, poultry yard 
B.^sse-fosscj dungeon 



Basse- voile, the main or foresail 
Basses, pi. shallows, flats 
Bassement, ad. lowly, meanly 
Bassesse, sf. base action 
Basset, sm. terrier-dog of a low 

stature 
Bassette, sf. a basset, a game 
Basiers, sm. pi. flats; heap of 



Bassin, sm. basin; pan; vase; 
scale 

, a wet dock 

Bassine, sf. a pan 

Bassiner, va. to warm; bathe 

Bassinet, sm. small basinoxpan; 
nozzle; pan of a gun 

, (fleur,) butter-flower 

Bassinoire, sf. warming-pan 

Basson, sm. bassoon 

Bastant, e. a. sufficient 

Baste, ad. int. be it so 

Basie, sf. basket, sort of stuff 
made with the bark of trees 

Baste, sm. basto, ace of clubs 

Baster, va. to suffice 

Basterne, sf. a cart 

Bastide, stn.neat country seat (so 
called in Provence) 

Bastille, sf. the Bastile 

Bastille, e. a. fortified with tow- 
ers {in heraldry) 

Bastion, sm. bulwark; bastion 

Bastionn6, e. a. in the form of a 
bastion 

Bastonnade, sf. bastinado 

Bastonner, va. to bastinado; 
cudgel 

Bat, sm. pack-saddle; tail 

Bataille, sf. a battle, fight 

Batailler, vn, to struggle hard 

Cataillon, sm. battalion 

Batard, e. a. s. bastardy wild; 
false; mongrel 

Batardeau, sm. a dam 

Batardiere, sf. nursery 

Batardise, bastardy 

Bateau, sm. boat 

Batelage, trick; fare 

Batelee, sf. fare, boatfull. — Une 
batel6e de gens, a great crowd 

Batelet., sm. little boat 

Bateleur, merry-andrew; jug- 
gler 

Batelier, waterman 

B^tewe, baptism, c^rUfcning 



Bater, va. to saddle with a pach- 

saddle 
Batier, sm.maker of pack-saddles 
Batifoler, vn. to romp; to toy 
Batiment, sm. building; ship 
Batir, vn. to * build; to baste 
Batiser, to baptize, christen 
Batisse, sf. the building 
Batisscur, sm.. great builder 
Batiste, baptist 
Batiste, sf. cambric, lawn 
Batiste re, sm. church-certificate 
Baton, a stick, staff, cudgel 
Batonner, va. to cudgel; score; 

cancel 
Batonnet, sm. a tipcat 
Batonnier, staffman 
Battage, thrashing 
Battant, clapper folding; beat 

ing 
Batte, sf. rammer; paving beetlt 

, beater ; sloping^ench ; 

bolster; tail of a fish 
Batte a beurre, chum-staff 
Battement, sm. beating; clap- 
ping; stamping 
Batterie, sf. battery; squabble 

— de cuisine, kitchen tackle 
Batteur, se. .s. beater, thrasher 
Batteurde pav6, sm. idle fellow 

— en grange, a thrasher 
Batteurs d'estrade, scouts 
Battoir, battledore, beetle 
Battologie, sf. tautology 
Battre, va. to * beat; strike; bat- 
ter 

Se — , vr. to * fight 

Se fairf^— , to * get one's self beat 

Battre I'estrade, to scour; scout 

— nionnoye, to coin 

— le bl6, to thrash com 

— le beurie, to chum 

— les cartes, to shuffle 

— des maims, to * clap 

— de I'aile, to flap, flutter 
Battures,.*/. pl.breakcrs; shelves 
Bavard, e. *. boaster; babbler 
Bavardcr, wTi. to boast 
Bavarderie, .y. boasting 
Bavaroise, tea sweetened with 

syrup of capillaire 
liaubi,sm.a harrier; large hound 
Baudet,a7i ass; tressel; hammock 
Baudrier, shoulder-belt 
Bave, sf. slover, drivel 



BEC 



BEN 



B^n 



Baver, vn. to sliver, drivel 

B;ivulte, */. a bib \ 

Baveur, se. .s slabberer 

Baveuse (chair) sf. proud flesh 

Bavocher, va. to print dimly 

Bauge, sf. soil of a wild boar; 
sort of mortar; sort ofdru^^et 

Baume, sm. balm; balsam 

Baumier, balm-tree 

Bavoche, e. a. rou^h; dim; 
clumsy 

Bavolet, sm. head-dress 

I5avo)ette, sf. country lass 

liayor, vn. to gape 

Bayotte, sf. a kind of baize 

Bayeur, se. s a guper 

Bayoiiiiette, sf. bayonet 

B6iint, e- a. gaping; open 

B6at, e. s. sanctimonious 

Beatification sf. —tion 

Beatifier, vaUo beatify 

Beaiifique, 2. a. beatific 

B6atiiles, sf. tit-bits, giblets 

B6atitude, —tude; bliss 

Beau, bel, belle, a. fine; hand- 
some; beautiful; fair 

Beau-pere, sm. father-in-laio 

Beau-fils, son in-law 

— frere, brother-in-law 
Belle-mere, sf. mother-in-law 

— fille, daughter-in-law 

— soeur, sister-in-law 
Beau, sm. cicdlcnce, fineness 
Beaucoup, ad. much, many 
Beau-pr6, sm. bowsprit 
Beaut6, sf. beauty; fineness 
Bcc, sm. beak; bill; nib; snout 
Bee d'aiguiere, gullet 
Bec-de-corbin, pincers; halberd; 

cane with a curved head 

— de lainpe, socket 

— d« lerre, point 

— de plume, nib 

— de cicogne, ou bee de grue, 
geranium ;slorkbillfiX crane's- 
bill 

Bee de lievre, hare lip 
B6carre, a b sharp in music 
B6casse, sf. 7coodcork 
Becassc de iner, sea-pie 
Bticasseau,j?m.o young woodcock 
B6cassine, sf. a snipe 
Becfigue, sm beccafigo 
Beche, sf. a spade 
B^Ch6c, OH becqu6e, bill-full 



Becher, va. to dig 
B-Jchique, 2. a. pectoral, stoma- 
chic 
Bec<ia6e, sf. billful 
Becqueier, va. to * perk 
Btdaine, sf. paunch, g.ts 
Bedeau, sm. bccdle, vergtr 
Bedou, sm. fat man; tubret 
Beer, ca. to gape; hanker 
Beffroi, sm. belfry; nlanu-bell 
Begayemeiit, ita.umering 
Begayer, c. to stammer, * lisp 
Begue, 2. as. stammerer 
Begueule, sf. a silly conceited 

woman 
Beguin, sm. biggin, cap 
Beguinage, nunnery 
B6guine, sf. stale maid; nun 
Bejaune,s/«. young bird; a booby 
Beignet, a fritter 
Beiram, one of the Turkishlents 
Bel, a. fine, handsome, vid. Beau 
Belandre, sf. bilander, a small 

coasting vessel 
Bwlant, e. a. bleating 
Beleraent, sm. bleating 
Bfeler, vn. to bleat 
Belette, sf. weasel 
Belier, ram; Aries; battering- 
ram 
Belinge, sf. sort of linsey-wolsey 
Belilre, sm. a scoundrel 
Belitrerie, sf. roguishnrss 
Belle, sf. a handsome woman 
Bclle-de-nuit, night-shade 
Belle-fille, sf. daughter-in-law 
Belle-sceur, sister-in-law 
Bellement, ad. softly 
Be!!ig6rant, e. a at war 
Belliqueux, se. martial, wa^ihe 
Bellot, te. pretty 
Belouse. sf. billiard, hazard 
Belouser, va. to hazard 
Se — , vr. to * mistake 
Belv6der, sm. a turret; terrace 
B6mol, ab flat in music 
B6iaoli36, e. a. marked with a 

flat 
B6nt^dicit6, am. grace before 

meals 
Bt-ri6dicte, an clrctuiry 
Benediction, sf. a blessing 
Benefice, sm. benefit, living 

— simple, sinecure [""£" 

— a charge d'ames aparish lie 



BeneficfTice, .if. bounty 
BcMclicial, e. a. belonging to o 

benefice 
BeiiLticior, sm. incumbent 
Beiiet, a. s. silly; a ninny 
Benevolo, 2. a. kind, friendly 
Benigneuient, ad. kindly 
B6iiignite, sf. — ty, goodness 
Benin, ?/«. Benigne, /. a. benign 
Benjamin, s.n. a darling child 
Bf'njoin, sm. benjamin ia gum 
Benir, va. tu bltss, preserve 
Benit, c. Belli, o. a. blessed, 

praised; holy 
Benitier, sm. holywater pot 
Bequeier va. to * peck 
Bequillard, sm. one that jcalks 

wiUi a crutch; old dotard 
Bequille, sf. a crutch 
Bequiller, vn. to walk with 

crutches 
Bercail, sm. sheep-fold; pale 
Berceau, cradle; bower; vault; 

beginning 
Bercor, va. to rock, amuse 
Se — , vr. to flitter one's self 
Bergame, sf. sort of hangings 
Bergamole, bergamot pear; es- 
sence, perfume, a sort of scent- 
ed snuflf 
Berge, high beach, barge 
Berger, sm shepherd 
Bergere, sf. shepherdess 
— , sort of woman's cap, sort of 

easy elbow chair 
Bergerie, sheep-fold, flock 
Bergeries, pi pastorals 
Bergeronnettu, sf. wagtail; coun- 
try lass 
Borgerol, sm. I'ttle shepherd 
Berichnt, hedge-sparrow 
Beril, beryl 

Berle, sf. water parsley 
Bcrlir'.i!, a berlin 
Berlingot, or Brelingot, sm. small 

carriagr, gig 
Berlue, sf dimness of sight 
B(?rine, a benn; covered way 
Bernable, 2. a. who deserves to 

be tossed in a blanket 
Rernardiere, ?/. sort of pear 
Berne, toss in a blanket; an 

oversight 
Bernement, sm. tossing in a 
blanket; banter 



BIA 



BIG 



BIM 



23 



Bemer, va. to * toss in a blank- 
et; to ridicule 

ISeineur, sm. tosser in a blank- 
It 

Ceniicles, sf. pi. nothing; pshaw 

Hcsace, sf. a wallet 

Bcsacier, snu btggar 

Bcsaigie, 2. a. sourish 

Bcsaigue, sf. a twy-bill 

Besaiit, sm. bcsant 

Besides, sf. temple-glasses 

Betogiie, work, labour 

Besogiier, vn. to work 

Besoiii, sin. want,7ieel, lack 

Bessoii, ne. a twin 

I'.estiace, sf. nninny 

Bostiaire, sm. one that is exposed 
to wild blasts 

Bestial, e. a. beastly, brutish 

Bestiaiement, ad. beastly 

Bestialite, sf. beastliness 

Of stiaux, sm. pi. cattle 

Bestiole, .s/. little beast, insect; 
a young fool 

Bestion, sm. wild beast 

Btta, sm. simpleton; booby 

Betail, cattle 

Bete, sf. beast, brute, bloclJicad 

Bete fauve, wild deer 

— noire, wild bear 

— asine, an ass 
BOtel, sm. betel 
Rr;tement, ad. sillily 
Betille, sf. a sort of muslin 
R6tise, stupidity, folly 
lietoine, bttony 

Bette, b^ct 

Betterave, red beet 

Btiif, sm. vid. BcEuf, 

Bcuslenient, bellowing 

Beugler, vn. to bellow; low 

Bemie, sm. butter 

Beurrt, butter-pear 

Beurree, sf. bread and butter; 

huttcrflower 
I?eurrer, vn. to butter 
Beuriier, e. s. butler-seller 
Rtvue,/. oversight, mistake 
Hi^zoard, sm. bczoar stone 
Hia'.s, slope, angle, way, bias 
Biaiseinent, /^<cA, shift 
Ciaiser, va. to shuffle, dodge 
Biaiseur, .»ni. a shuffler 
Biarque, sutler, caterer 
Biasse, sf, raw silk 



Bibeion, ne. 5. tippler; the ip of\ 

a vessel 1 

Bil.Ie, .•?/. the Bible 
Bibiiograplio, sui. — pher 
Bibliographic, sf. —pky 
Bibliomane, sm. one that is mad 

after books 
Bibliomanie, sf. boohishness 
Bibliothecaire, sm. librarian 
Bibliotheque, sf. library 
Bibus, sm. paltry thing 
Bicetre, sm. unruly boy; liouse 

of correction in France 
Biclie, sf. a hind, lap-dog 
Bichon, ne. s. lap-dog 
Bicoque, sf. a paltry town 
Bidet, sm. apovy; a tit; joincr^s 

bench 
Bidon, a can 
Bidoris, little pony 
BJeii, good, wealth, bcveft 
Bien, ad. will, right, many, 

much, very 
Bien-etre, sm. comfort, ease 
Bien-tot, soon, very soon 

loin, vry far off 

loin de, pr. so far from 

que, c. altlioMgh 

Bien loin r[U(i, far from. 
Bien-aim6, e. a. s. beloved 
Bienfaisance, sf. brvrfccnce 

faisant, e. a. liberal, kind 

fait, sm. favour, benefit 

Bienfaiteur, benefactor 
Bienlaitrice, sf. benrf actress 
Biens fonds, sm. pi. lands 
Bienhenrcux, se. a. s. blessed 
Biennal, a- lusting two years 
Biens^ance, sf. decency, conve- 

niency 
Bienseant,e. a. decmt,convenirnt 
Bienvuillance, sf. good-will, 

free-gift, benevolence, love 
Bien-venu, e. a. welcome 
Bien-venue, sf. entrance money; 

initiation; garnish-money ; 

happy coming 
Biere, beer; coffin 
Bievre, sm. a beaver 
Biez, water-mill, channel 
Biffer, va. to erase, cancel 
Bipame, 2. as. twice married 
Bieamie, .â– ?/. bigamy 
Bisrarade, a sour orange 
Bigarreau, sm. hard cherry 



Rif;aricauti«r, hard cherry-tree 
Bigarrer, va. to party-colour, va- 
riegate 
Bigarrure, sf. variety of colours, 

medley 
Bige, sj. chariot and two 
Bigle, sm. a beagle 

2. a. s. squint-eyed 

Bigler, vn. to squint 
Bigne, sf. a bunch 
Bigoriie, .*/. an anvil 
Bigorncau, sm. little rising an- 
vil, periwinkle 
Bigot, H. a. s. a bigot, hypocrite 
Bigoterie, sf. bigotry 
Bijou. .<iii.jr,vil, praty seat. — 

Petit hijuu Lttle darling 
Bijouterie, ."f. jewellery, toys 
Bijoutier, sm. toyman, virtuoso 
Bill, a bill in parliomrnt 
Bilan^ account-book 
Bilboquet, sm. a catch; cup and 

ball 
Bile, sf. rholer, bile, gall 

— , (colere) anger, passinn 
Biliaire, 2. a. bilious 
Bilieux, se. bilious, choleric 
Billard, sw. billiard, the mass, a 

billiard table 

Billarder, V7i. to * strike a ball 
twice 

Bille, sf. billiard-ball, taw, pack- 
er's stick, rolling-pin 

Billebarer, va. to checker 

Billebaude, sf. confusion, bustle 

Biller, va. to * pack with a pack- 
stick 

Billet, sm. note, ticket, billet, 
bill, ballot 

— de lotterio, lottery ticket 

— doux, love litter 

— de baiiquo, bank vote 
Billelte, .<;/. a sign at a toll; bill-t 

I Billfcvesce, idle trash 
Billion, sm. thousand millions 
Billon, bad coin 
Billonnage, debasing the coin 
Billonnement, putting off bad 

coin 
Billonner, vn. to * put off bad 

coin 
Pillonnetir, .im. forger 
Billot, billet; wedge; cudgel, 

block 
Bimbelot, a toy 



24 



BIZ 



BLA 



BOB 



Biinbeloterie, sf. toy trade 
Bimbeiotier, sm. a toy-man 
Biiiard, a large cart 
Biuaire, 2. a. binanj 
Biiiement, sm. digging again 
Biner, ra. to * dig again 
Binet, sm. a sace-all 
BLographe, biographer 
Biographic, sf. biography 
Bipede, 2. a. biped; with tico 

feet 
Biqiie, sf. a she-goat 
Biquet, sm. a kid; scale to weigh 

gold 
Biqueter, vn. to kid 
Biqueter, vn. to weigh money 

with a money-scale 
Bireme, sf. a ship icith two rows 

of rowers on each side 
Biretle, a kind of cap 
Biribi, sm. a game of hazard 
Bis, e. a. brown 
Bis, int. encore, over again 
Bisaieul, great grandfather 
Bisaieule, sf. great grandmother 
BLsbille, sf. qaarrei, discussion 
Biscornu, e. a. ill-shaped, odd 
Biscoiin, sm. sugar-cake 
Biscuit, biscuit 
Bise, sf. north-east wind 
Biseau, sin. cut of a diamond, 

kissing-crust 
Biseigle, a ruler 
Biser, vn. to * grow brown 
Biset, sm. stock-duce 
Bisetie, sf. narrow lace 
Bisetlitire, narrow lace-maker 
Bison, sm. a sort of wild oz; al- 
so buffalo (,/a heraldry) 
Bisiiuains, horse-cloths 
CisTjue, sf. bisk, cullis, odds 
Bissac, sm. a wallet 
Bissexte, bissextile 
Histouri, sm. incision knife 
Bistre, sf. bistre; prepared soot 
Bitter, c«. to bit a cable 
Biluine, sm. bitumen 
Bituinmeux, se. a. — noiis 
Biviaire, -. meeting of two roads 
Bivoie, .•*/. parting of a road 
Bivouac, sm. extraordinary 

night-guard 
Bivonaquer, vn. to pa^s the 

night without shelter 
Bizurrej 2. a. fantastical^ old 



Bizarrement, ad. fantastically 
Bizarrerie, sf. fantasticalness 

oddntss, whim, caprice 
Blafard, e. a. wan, pale 
Blaireau, sm. a badger 
Biamable, 2. a. blameable 
Blame, vn. blame, fault 
Blamer, va. to blame; reprimand 
Blanc, be, a. white, clean, blank 

clear 
Blanc-sign6, sm. carte- blanche 
Blanc-manger, a blank manger 
Bianc-bec, a Tweice 
Biilet-blanc,d blank 
Blanc, a mark at shooting; i 

break; a blank; white slice of 

tJie breast of a fowl 
Blanc, whiting 
Blanchaille, sf. young fry 
Blanchatre, 2. a. whitish 
Blanche, sf. minum 
Bianchement, ad. cleanly 
Blancherie, sf. whitster's field 
Blaiicliet, sm. undcr-waist-coat 

, printer^ s blanket 

Blancheur, sf. whitcne.^s 
Blanchiuit^nt, sm. bleaching; a 

wash j'or siloer 
Blancliir, r. to whiten, dear, 

* grow gray: blanch, roask 
— ail soleil, to bleach 
Elanchissage, sm. washing, 

whitening, bleaching 
Blancliissant, e. a. whitish 
Blanchisserie, sf. whitening- 
yard or field 
Blancliisseur, sm, whitstcr, 

bleacher 
Blancliisseuse,;^/. washer-woman 
Blaiuiices, pi. cajoling, fiattery 
Blanque, blank totttry 
Blanquette, sf. drticate sort of 

z^hit^ wine; sort of pear; white 

fricassee 
Blaser, v. to dry up; * bum 
Se — , /o impair one's health by 

hard drinking 
Blazon, sm.heraldry,blazan, arms 
Blasonnement, blazonry 
Blasonncr, va. to blazon, traduce 
Blasonneur, sm.blazoncr, blazer 
BlaspliematL'ur, blasphemer 
Blasphematoire, 2. a. blasp/ie- 

mons 
Blaspheme, sm. blasjihewy 



.Blasphemer, p. to blaspheme 

I B atier, sm. com factor 

! Biavet, com-fiower, or blue bo' 

tie 
Ble, ou bled, com, wheat 
Bleche, 2. u. s. weak, silly 
Blt'Hie, 2. a. wan, pale 
Bleiiiir, r;i. to '' grow pale 
Bleuiissement, sm. paleness 
Blereau, cid. Blaireau 
Blesser, va. to * hurt, wound, oj 

fend, stain 
Se — , vr. to miscarry, to * be oj 

fended 
Blessure, sf. wound, bruise, inj\ 

ry 
Blet, te, a. half rotten 
Bielte, sf. blit, or blils 
Bleu, e. a. sm. blue 
Bleuatre, 2. a. bluish 
Bleuir, va. to * make blu 
Blinder, to cover with blinds 
Blindes, sf.pl. blinds 
Bl'JC, sm. ragged marble, block 

lump 
Blocage, ou Uocaille, sm. rui 

bish, shards 
Blocus, sm. blockade 
Blond, e. a. s. fair, flaxen 
Blond ardent, red as a carrot 
Blonde, sf. blond lace; fair toi 

man 
Blonciin, sm. a beau 
Blondine, sf. a fair girl 
Bloiulir, vn. to * grow fair 
Blondissant, ante, o. yellow 

gohUn 
Bloquer, ra, to block up, fill up 
Blot, sm. log-line 
Blotlir, se biottir, to lay squat 
Blouser, ra. to * Uirow a ball in 

to the hazard 
— se blouser, to fall into a mis 

take 
Bluet, sm. a blue-bottle, or co<K* 

flower 
Bliiette, sf. little spark 
Blutenu, 5/11. a bolter 
Bkiter, va. to bolt, sift 
Binttrie, sf. bolting-room 
Bliiloir, sm. a boltirr; .<neve 
Bol>eche, sf. cnndUstick' s 8oc\0% 
Bobine, a bobbin, quill 
Bobiner, va. to wind silk, i$-e* 
Bcbuiei'.ses, .'f. windert 



BOM 

Boho, sm. small ailment^ hurt 

Uoca^e, a grove thicket 

IJocager, e. a. rural 

IJocal, sin. a jug 

Bodiiie, sf. keel of a ship 

Bodruche, thin parchment 

Hoote, vid. Boite 

BiBiif, sm. an oz, beef 

Boeuf, a la mode, alamode beef 

Bogue, sf. the rough prickly shell 

of chssnuts 
Boifue, sm. sort of sea fish 
Boheiuien, ne. s. a gipsy 
Boire, va. to * drink, soak, blot 
Boire, vn. to * put up with an 

affront 

^, sm. drink, drinking 

BoLs, wood; deer's horns 

chahli.--, chablish 

taillis, a copse 

de cliarpente, timber 

de lit, a bedstead 

Boisage, timber, wainscot 
Bois6, e. wainscotted 
Boisor, va. to wainscot 
Boiserie, sf. wainscot 
Boiseux, se. a. woody 
Boisiltier, sm. hewer of wood 
Boisseau, a bushel 
Boissel^e, .sf. bushel-full ; as 

much ground as a bushel of 

wheat, S,-c. can sow 
Boisselier, sm. a turner 
BoUson, sf. drink 
Boite, fit time to drink new wine 
Boite, "a box 

de inontre, watch-case 

de presse, hose 

a fusil, tinder-box 

a pond re, powder-box 

Boitenient, mn. halting 
Bolter, vn. to * go lame, limp 
Boiteiix, se. a. s. lame, cripple, 

limping 
Boitier, sm. surgeon's case; box 

of jeiDcl.t; case-maker 
Bol, on Bolus, a bolu.i 
Bo! d' Arm6nie, bole ammoniac 
Boinbance, sf. eating; riot 
Bombarde, a bombard [mcnt 
Bomliardeimiit, sm. bombard- 
Bombardi.r, va- to bombard 
Bombardier, sm. — dier 
Boiiibasin, hombazeen 
Bornbe, sf. a bam^ 



BOR 

Bombement, sm. bunching out 

Bomber, va. to swell 

Bon, sm. promise, acceptance, 

bonus 
Boii,ne.«. good, kind, brave,skil- 

ful, excellent 
Bon air, good luck, grace 
Bon-mot, sm. witticism, jest 
Bon, int. pshaw ! 
— , sm. good, clear, the cream 
— , ne. sf. dear honey 
— , ad. well 

Bonace, sf. calm, calmness 
Bonasse, 'i.a. sillily good-natured 
Bonbonniere sf. box for sweet- 
meats 
Bonbon, sm. dainties 
Bond, rebound; gambol; skip 
Bonde, sf. sluice, fiood-gate; 

bung, bung-hole 
Bondir, vn. to frisk, rebound 
Bondissant,e. a. skipping 
Bondissement, sm. frisking 
de coeur, a rising of the sto- 
mach 
Bondon,bung,stopple,b2mg-hole 
Bondonner, va. to bung, stop 
Bondonniere, sf. cooper's tool 
Bondr6e, a bird of prey 
Bonheur, sm. happiness, good 

luck, blessing 
Bonhomie, sf. good-nature 
Bonifier, va. to improve 
Bonification, sf. improvement 
Bonne fortune, good adventure; 

lady's favours 
Bonneau, sm. buoy 
Bonnement, ad. honestly well 
Bonnes, sf. pi. trumps 
Bonnet, sm. a cap, bonnet 
nonnetade,s/. capping, cringing 
Honneter, va. to * cap, cringe 
IJonneterie, sf hosier's business 
Bonneleur, sm. sharper 
Bonnetier, cap-maker, hosier 
Bormette, sf. a bovnrt of a sail 
Bonte, goodnrss, kindness 
Bonze, sm. bonze, chat 
l!o(|iieteau, sm. a little wood 
Boquilloii,rt paltry tcoad cleaver; 

.shirt. I ice 
Borax, borax 

Bord, edge, brim, brink, shore 
Bord a bord, ad. Itvd, even with 
Bqr(\ fnavire,) ship; board 



HOT 



25 



Bordage, side planks of a ship 
Bordaver, vn. to traverse, sail 
Borde, sm. hem, edge, lack 
Bordee, sf. broadside, tack 
Border, va. to edge, to border, 

lace 
Bordereau, sm. note, account 
Bordure, sf. frame, edge, border 
Bor6al, e. a. northern 
Bor6e, sm. north wind 
Borgne, 2. a. one-eyed 
Borgne, one-eyed man 
Borgnesse, sf. one-eyed woman 
Borgnibus, sm. a tall one-eyed 

man 
Bornage, setting bounds 
Borne, sf. a bound; limit; mile- 
stone; post 
Born6, e. a. shallow, small, nar' 

row 
Borner, va. to bound, limit, end 
Se— , vr. to * keep within bounds 
Bornoyer, va. to look over a sur- 
face with one eye 
Bosphore, sm. — rus; streights 
Bosquet, thicket, grove 
Bossage, embossment 
Bosse, sf. bunch on the body; re- 
lievo; bruise; knot; lump 
Bosselage, sm. arelicvo; cmbosg' 

ing 
Bosseler, va.to* work in relievo 
Bosselure, */. crimpling 
Bosseman, sm. boatswain 
Bossette, sf bridle-stud, boss 
Bossu, e. a. s. hunch-backed 
Bossuel, sm. a scented tulip 
Bossuer, va. to bruise, batter 
Bot, sm- a boat 

Bot, pied bot, lame of one foot 
Botani(iac, sf. botany 
— ,'2. fi. botanic, botanical 
I?oranifte, sm. botanist 
Botanologie, .sf. hotnnology 
Botte, boot; bunch; thrust: bot- 
tle; step of a coarh 
Bol'os, pi. clod.s of dirt 
Bntfelaire, sm. bottling of hay 
BottrliT, i"i. to bottle hay 
Borti'!<-ui', .sill, viukcr of hay into 

bottles 
Botter. va. * make boots, * put 

boots on 
Se — , vr. to * pt't one's boots on, 
to clog one's shoeif 



BOU 



BOU 



B(3U 



RoUi le, sf. jo:kcy-boot, bicskin 
IJouc, Sill, k -jroat ; Icathrn bud- 
get; S loo "11 

Boucanar, oa. to s.-nokc, dry by 
smoki 

^—, to hunt ox>:n. 
^^oucanier, sm. buccanier 
Boucajiiii, bo:cassine 
Boucaat, a kin I of hogshead 
Bo jche, sf th". mouth 
Bouche i, 'mouthful, morsel 
Boucher, m. to * stop up, * shut 
Boucher, sn. a butzher 
Bouchere, sf. but:h:r-uioman 
Bouclierie, shambls, butuh-ry 
1 oucheture, fence, enclosure 
Pouche-trou, sm. pin-basket 
Douchoir, lid of an oven 
Bouchon, stopple, cork, bu^h 
Bouchoiiiie, sf. darling, honey 
Bouchonner, va. to rub with a 

joisp, rumple 
Boacle^sf. buckle; knocker; curl; 
ring 

d'oreille, ear-ring 

Bouclement, sm. ringing 
Boucler, va. to * buckle; * ring; 

* make an end of; to curl 
Bouclier, sm. buckler, shield 
Boucon, sn poison, gudgeon 
Bonder, vn. to pout, look gruff 
Bouderie, sf. pouting. — lis out, 
toujoursquelque bouderie. tAey 
arc always wrangling 
Boudeur, se. s. who^pouts; sullen 
Boudin, s.'H. black pudling 
Boudiae, sf. middle knot in a 

glass pane 
Boudinier, ^tj. pudding- maker 
Boudiiiiere.s/ a little funnel 
Boudoir, sm. a closet where one 

retires to * be alone 
Roue, sf. dirt, matter 
Bou6c, a buoy 

Boueur, sm. dustman; scavenger 
Boucux, se, a muidy, miry 
Boutruit, e. piling 
Bouffee, •?/. puff; blast; slight fit 
BoutTer va. to puff; * be sullen- 
ly angry 
BouflTette, sf. car-knot of narrow 

riband 
Bouffir. va to hloat, * puff up 
B'>Mtfi'iii<iTC,.*f.sw':Uing,targrncy 
Bouffon, ne. a. » jocose; buffoon 



BoulToaer, va. to droll; j.^st 
BouSijniierie, a/, buffoonery 
Bouge, sm. a loigj 

, the middit of a cask 

, a budget, or bag 

, sort of pear 

Bougeoir, fiat wax-candlc-stick 
Bouger, vn. to budge, stir 
Bougette, sf. budget, or bag 
Bougie, a waz-candle; bougee 
Bougier, va. to sear with a waz- 

candle 
Bougouner,rn.fo >nuttsr, be surly 
Bougran, sm. buckram 
Bouillajit, e. a. hot, hasty 
Bouihi, sm. boiled mrat 
Bouillie, s/. thick milk, pap 
BouiUir, vn. to boil; toork 
Bouilloire, sf. boiler, kettle 
Bouillon, sm. broth; gust of pas- 
sion; seething up; puff; bub- 
ble; froth 
Bouilloa-blauc, mullein (a plant) 
Bouilloueinent, bubbling up, 

ebullition 
Bouilloiuier, vn. to bubble up, 

gush out 
Boulanger, vn. to bake 

, sm. a baker 

BoulaugJre, sf. baker's wife 
Boulaugeric, baking, bakehouse 
Boule, a bowl, ball 
Bouleau, s.n. a birch-tree 
Bouler, vn to pout, as pigeons 

do, to swell 
Boulet, sm. a bullet, bati 
Boulelte, sf. a little ball 
Boulevard, 5/rt. bulwark, fortress 
Roii\eversiiiaetil,totaJ.ovcrthrow, 

disorder 
Bouleverser, va. to * overthrow 
Boulcux, sm. laborious man; 

short thick horse 
Bouli, a tea-pot 
Boulier, a fishing-net 
Bouliniie, sf. bulimy, hunger 
Boulin, sm pigeon's cove; put- 
luck, scaffolding pole 
Bouliue, sf. bouline, tack 
Rouliiier, en. tack aJiout. shift 
Bmiliii'iur, sm. a camp tJiicf 
{^^^\\\'\\ignl\,bowling-grecn;grass 

plot 
Boulinicr, a ship that * goes with 
a side wind 



Boulon, iron pin, st.il-yard 

weight 
Bouloiiner, va. to fasten; to pin 

down 
Bouque, sf a straight passage 
Bouquer,pn.to truckl.; buckle to 
Bouquet, sm. a nost gay 
Bouquetier. a fiow-rput 
Bouquetiere, sf. nusegay-wo:nun 
Bouquetin, sm. a wild goat 
Bouquin, old hc-goat- i^ch r.^ 
De vieux bouquins, old books 
Bouquiner, vn. to hunt after old 

books; to couple as a hare 
Bouquiuerie, sf. a heap of quo 

tations from old books 
Bouquineur, sm. book-worm 
Bouquinisle, second-hand book- 
seller 
Bouracan, barracan 
Bouracanier, barracan-maker 
Bourasque, sf. sudden storm, a 

caprice 
Bourbe, mud, mire 
Bourbelier,s/n.ic/W boar's breast 
Bourbeu.x, se. a. muddy, miry 
Bourbier, sm. slough, plung 
BourbiUon, matter from a sore 
Bourcelte, sf. corn salad 
Bourdaloue, sm. hatband 
Bourde, sf. sham, fib, fun 
Bourder. vn. to fib, tell stories 
Bourdnur, se. s. a fibber 
Bourdillon, sm. cleft wood to 

make casks 
Bourdon, drone, staff 
Bourdonnant, e. a. buzzing 
Bourdonne, e. a. pometty 
Bourdonnement. sm humming, 
buzzing, murmuring [buzi 
Bourdonner, vn. hum; mutter; 
Bourdonnet, sm. lint 
Bourg, a country town 
Bourgade, sf. a little town 
Bourgage, sm. burgage 
Bourgeois, burgess, citizen; com 
moner 

, e. a. fit for a citizen 

Burgeoiso, sf. citizen's wife 
Bfjurgeoiseinent, ad. citizen like 
Bourgeoisie,.?/. /reet/ow of a city, 

th' citizens 
Bourgeon, sm. a bud, a pimple 
Bourgeon ner, vn to bud, * shoot 
Bouigm'-'Stre, *-/i. burgomaster 



tJOU 

Bounju6pine, sf. buckthorn 

Bourrache, bor ige 

Bourradc, beatings cuff 

Bourrasque, sudden storm; ca- 
price [stuff 

Hourre, wad^ coto's hair; siUij 

Bourreau, sin. executioner; but- 
cher, tormentor 

Bourree, sf. chat-wood, bavin 

', (danse,) a boree 

Bourrelel, sm a pad, hood 

Bourrellier, hamess-malur 

Bourrellenient, sm. torture; re- 
morse 

Bourreller, va. to torment, rack 

Bourrellerie, sf. racking- pain 

Bourrer, va. to pad; ravi; abuse 

Bourriclie, */. a basket in which 
game is sent 

Bouriier, e- a. made of cow's 
hair, S,-c. 

Boiirritjiie, sf. ass, ass's colt 

Bourriquet, sm. hand barrow; 
ass's colt 

Bourru, e. a. morose, cross 

Bourse, sf. a pur.te; a pod; an 
exchange, vesicle, bug 

Boursette, small purse 

Boursier, sm. treasurer, purse- 
maker, burser 

Boursiller, vn. to * make a ga- 
thering 

3<iursoii, sm a fuh 

Hoursoufler, va. to bloat, * puff 

IjoursoiilHatie, sm. Boursouliluio, 
sf. ."fwrlling, pumpositij 

Bousaid, ou Uouzurd, */«. deer's 
dung 

House, sf. cow's dung 

Bousilla2:e, sm. a mud wall ; 
dahhling ' 

Bouoillcr, va.* make a mud wall, 
to spoil a wot k 

Bousilleur, sm. mud-wall, or dab- 
bler 
Bousqiiier, vn. to plunder 
Boussoie, sf compaxs, guide 
Bout, .'tm. end, tip, nippl, chape, 
button, heel-piece, ferrule, but 
Bout d'aile, sm. pinion 
Bouts, rimes, pi rhymes 
Bout sai^ueux, neck of mutton, 

scrag 
Boutade, */ freak, whim; spirt, 
eagerness 



BRA 

Boutadeux, se. a. whimsical 
Bout-en-train, sm. decoy bird, 

merry companion 
Boute-t'eu, gunner; linstock; in- 
cendiary, firebrand 
Boule-tout-cuire, sm. a spend- 
thrift 
Bouteillage, butlerage 
Bouteille, sf. a bottle 

, (vessie d'eau,) bubble 

Bouteiller, sm. butler 
Bouter, va. to * put; pare off 
Boutique, sf. shop; implements, 

stall, trunk 
Boutiquier, s^n. shopkeeper 
Boutoir, snout, buttress 
Bouton, button; bud, pimple 
Boutonner, va. to button; bud, 

* break out 
Boulonnerie, sf. button-ware 
Boutonnier, S(n. button-maker 
Boutonniere, sf. buttonhole 
Bouture, slip of a tree, sucker 
Bouvart, sm. young bull 
Bouverie, sf. a cow-house 
Bouvet, sm. a plane 
Bouvier, e. s. cowherd, clown, 

Bootes 
Bouvillon, sm. bullock 
Bouvrenil, bullfinch 
Boyar, a Russian nobleman 
Boyau, a gut, bowel 

, branch of a trench [ker 

Boyaudier, sm. fiddle-string via- 
Bracelel, a bracelet 
Braclier, va. to brawl 
Brachial, e. a. brachial 
Bracliinane, sm. bramm, Ocntoo 

priest 
Bracoiiner, va to poach 
HracoMiiicr, sm. a poacher 
Brai, pitch and tar niixt 
Uraie, sf. vurscry-linen 
Wriuis, pi. trowscrs 
Brailiuid, e. a. s. bawling noisy 

prson 
Braiiler, vn. to bawl 
Braillciir, se. 5. bawler, scold 
BraieiiKUil, .•?»/!. biuyingof anass 
Braire, vn. to bray a.f an ass 
Braise, sf. live coal: small coal 
Braoier, sm trou^'h 
Biau, coarsest bran 
Bran, int pshaw 
Brancard, sm. a litter, shaft of 



BRA 



27 



a coacb; hand-barrow; ckaiv 

man's horse 
Brancardier, a Ittcr-dricer 
Brancliaf^e, branches, boughs 
Branche, sf. branch, bough; stick 

of a Roman balance 
Brancher, va. to * hang on a tree 

, vn. to perch 

Brancliier, sm. a brancher 
Brancliu, e. a. branchy 
Brande, sf. heath, bough 
Brandebourg, sm. surtout 
Biandevin, sm. brandy 
Brandevinier, e. s. sutler 
Brandillenient, sm. swinging 
Brandiller, 7;a. to swi»is, see-saw 
Brandilloire, sf. a sicing 
Brandir, ra. to brandish,* stop; 

strengthen 
Brandon, sm. a firebrand; wisp 

of straw 
Brandonner, va to nail wisps of 

straw at the door of a seized 

inheritance 
Branlant, e. a shaking 
Bianle, sm.jogeint^; hammock 
Branlenient, jogging; motion, 

pushing 
Brani^r, v. to jog; * shake; wa- 
ver,* give ground, tott':r, move 
Branleur, se s. shower 
Beanloiie, s/. sioivg: sec-saw 
Braque, sm. a setting-dog 
Braqueniart, n cutlass 
Biaqiienieni, pointing a cannon 
Braquer, va. to point, to turn a 

carriage \dle 

Bras, sm. arm, chiw, sconce, Aan- 
Brasff, vr. to .'â– old'r 
Brasier, sm. coal-fire; a great 

clear fire: pun for coals 
Brasiller, va. to broil 
Biasure, sf soldering 
Brassage, sm. coining fees 
1 Brassart, brassets; bracers 
' Brasse, .<?/. a fathom 
Prassee, an arm/id 
I Brassei, va. bnw, mix; devise 
j Brasserie, sf. u brrwhouse 
' Brasseur, se. s u brncer 
Brassieres, sf. night-waistcoat 
Brassin, ."m brewir'.'.- copper 
Pravache, a swaggerer, bully 
Bravade, sf hectoring 
I Brave, ^ a. s. brave, spruc« 



28 



BRE 



BRl 



BRO 



Bravemenl, aJ. stoutly, finely 
Braver, va. to brave, bully 
Braverie, sf. finery 
Bravoure, valour, courage 
Bravoures, yZ. high, feats 
Brayer, va. to pitch 
Brayor, sm. a truss, pamiel 
Brayes, sf. pi. children's clouts 
Brayette, afiap 
Breant, sm. a siskin 
Brebiage, taz on sheep 
Brebis, sf. a sheep, ewe 
Breclie, breach; gap, notch 
Brechedent, -2. a. s. toothless 
Brecliet, sm. brisket 
Brecin, sm. iron hook 
Bredi-breda, stupid, noisy chat 
Bredouille, sf. double points at 

French backgammon 
Bredouillement, sm. stammering 
Bredouiller, vn. to stammer 
Bredouilleur, se. s. stammerer 
Bref, ve. a. brief, short 

, ad. in short, shortly 

, sm. a brief, calendar 

Brehaigne, 2. a. barren 
Breland, sm. a gaming-house 

, sort of game at cards 

Brelander, vn. to game 
Brelaadier, sm. a gamester 
Brclandinicr, e. s. a dealer who 

sells in stalls 
Breliquebreloque, ad. heedlessly 
Brelle, sf. a raft 
Breloque, a gewgaw, toy 
Breluche, thread and worsted 

stuff 
Breme, a bream (fish) 
Br6sil, sm. Brr.zil wood 
Bresille, e. a. friable 
Bresiller, va. to * cut small, to 

dye with Brazil wood 
Bresillet, sm. Brazil wood 
Lf'tailler, vn. to tilt 
Brelailleur, sm. a tiller, bully 
Bretaiuler, ra. to * crop 
r.retelle, sf. a strap; handle 
Brclte, a rapier, long sword 
Brette, p.. toothed, notched 
Bretteur, smi a bully, hector 
Brftture, .*/. teeth of tools 
Breve, a short syllable 
Brevet, sm. warrant, commission, 

indenture; bill of lading; 

charm, spell 



Brevetaire, bearer of the king 
warrant for a church prefer- 
ment 
Breveier, va. to * give a warrant 
Briiviaire, sm. a breviary; bre- 
vier 
Breuvage, drink, potion, drench, 

beverage 
Bribe, sf. a scrap, lump 
Bricole, bricole; rebound; back 

stroke, tail 
Bricoler, vn. to * toss sideways 
Bride, sf. bridle, stay, loop 
Brider, va. to bridle, curb, tie 

fast 
Bridoir, sm. britfle on a woman's 

head-dress 
Bridon, a snaffle, a bit 
Brief, ve. a. quick, short 
Brievement, ad. briefly 
Brievete, sf. brevity, shortness 
Brifer, va. to guttle, claw off 
Brifeur, se. s. a guttler 
Brigade, sf. brigade, troop 
Brigadier, sm. brigadier 
Brigand, highwayman; extor- 
tioner; aristocrat 
Brigandage, robbery 
Brigander, vn. to rob on the 

highway 
Brigantin, sm. brigantine 
Brignoles, sf. pi. prunes 
Brignon, sm. kind of plum 
"rigue, sf. solicitation, cabil 
riguer, va. to solicit, sue 
rigueur, s/n. candidate 
Briilant, e. a. shining, bright 
— , sm. brightness; keen sense; 
a brilliant 
Brillanter, va. to * cut a dia- 
mond into angles 
Briller, vn. to * shine; sparkle, 

glitter 
Brimbale, sf. brake, handle of a 

ship's pump 
Brimbaler, va. to * set a going 
Briniborions, sm.pl. baubles, toys 
Brin, sm. bit; sprig; slip; stick 
Hrinde, sf. a toast; a health 
Brioche, sort of nice cake, briosh 
Briou, sm. moss on trees 
Brlque, sf. a brick 
Briquet, sm. a steel 
Briquetage, bricks; brick-work; 
brick-like 



Briqueter, va- to * make brick 

like 
Briqueterie, sf. brick-kiln 

, brick-making 

Briquetier, sm. brick-maker 
Bris, wreck; breaking open 
Brisans, sm. pi. breakers, shelve* 
Brisanl, sm. shelf; blind 
Brise, sf. a breeze 
Brisees, sf. pi. tracks in hunting 
Brise-fer, sm. a very strong fe/ 
Brise-glace, starling [lou 

Brise-vent, shelter 
Brise-cou, break-neck place 
Brise-raison, noisy chatterer 
Brisenie.nt, dashing; rendering 
Briser, va. to * break; * split 

dash; bruise; * rend; destroy 

* fall out 

Se briser, vr. * break; fold up 
Briseur, sm. breaker 
Brisoir, a brake for flax 
Brisque. sf. brisque (game 9 

caids) 
Brisure, sf. rebatement 
Britaunique, 2. a. British 
Broc, sm. a leathern jack; f 

great jug 
Brocanter, v. to be a broker 
Brocaiiteiir, a', a broker 
Brocard, sm. brocade; taunt 

brocket 
Brocarder, vn. to taunt; * nip 
Brocardeur, se. s. a taunter 
Brocaielle, sf. linsey-woolsey 
Broccoli, sm. brocoli 
Broche, sf.spit; knitting-Tieedle, 
faucet; stick, peg, puncher; 

stem 
Broch6e, spit-full 
Broclier, va. to * knit, * stitch; 

* do in a hurry; * work with 
gold, silk, S,-c. to * stick; fasten 

Brochet, sm. a pike 
Broclietoii, a small pike 
Brochette, sf. a skewer 
Brocheter, va. to meeisure the 

linbs and side planks of a 

ship; to pin on 
Broclieur, se. 5. a knitter 
Brochoir, sm. smith's shoeing 

hammer 
Brochure, sf. a pamphlet 
Brode,e.fl. embroidered; streaked 
Brodequin, sm. buskin; the boot* 



BRO 



BUB 



BUR 



29 



K<loder, va. to embroider; ro- 
mance 
rroderie, sf. embroidery; ro- 
mancivg; knot [ter 

Bpodeur, se. s. embroiderer, spot- 
Brodoir, sin. a bobbin 
Bfonchade, sf. stumbling' 
Broncheinent, sm. failure 
Broncher, va. to ^tumble; * trip 
Broncliial, e. a. bronchial, of Ike 

limgs 
Bronchotomie, sf. —tomy 
Bronze, 2. s. bronze, brass 
Bronzer, va. to bronze 
Broquart, sm. a brocket 
Broque, vid. Broccoli 
Broquette, sf. a tack 
Brossailles, pi. brus/ies, briers 
Brosse, a brush, pencil 
Brosser, va. to brush 
——, vn. to brush along- 
Brossier, sm. a brush-maker 
Brouee, sf. fog; mist 
Brouet, sm. boiled milk; gruel, 

thin broth 
Brouette, 5/. wheel-barrow, pal- 
try coach [man 
Brouettier, sm. wheel-barrow- 
Brouhaha, clapping 
Brcuillamiui, hotch-potch 
Brouillard, mist; day-bouk 
Brouiller, va. to shuffle, * mix to- 
gether, embroil, pcrplrx, jum- 
ble, * set at variance 
Se— , vr. to fall out, * be out, * 

be overcast 
Brouilleiie, sf. broil, (/uarrcl 
Brouilleiies, small trinkets 
Brouillon, sm. foul coj>y; day- 
book; marplot 
Brouillon, ne. a. s. shuffling, bu- 
sy-body 
Brouir, va. to blast 
Brouissenient, sm. a rattling 
Brouissure, sf. blight, blast 
Broussaillcs, sf. pi. brambles 
Broussin, sm. excrescence 
Brout, browze-wood; green shell 

of walnuts 
Brouter, va. to browse 
Bromines, sf. sprigs, trifles 
Broye, a brake for flax 
Broyement, sm. pounding 
Broyer, va.to * grind, pound, 
bray 



Broyeur, sm. grinder 
Broyon, a hrayer 
Bru, sf. a son's wife 
Riuant, sm. yellow hammer 
Brugnon, a nectarine 
Bruine. sf. rime; hoar frost 
Bruiner, vn. to drizzle 
Bruire, to roar, bustle, * ring 

again 
Bruissement, sm. roaring 
Bruit, a noise, report, uproar, 

quarrel, fame 
Brulant, e. a. burning, hot, eager 
Briile, sm. burning 
Brulemeat, burning, fire 
Bruler,«a.fo * burn, scorch, blast 
Bruleur, sm. incendiary 
Bru lot, a fire-ship 
Brulure, sf. a burning, blast 
Brumal, e. a. winterly 
Brume, sf. a fog at sea 
Brumeux, se. a. foggy, misty 
Brun, e. a. brown, dusky; dun 
— , sm. brown colour 
— , e. brown man or woman 
Brunei, le. a. brownish 

, sm. a brown youth 

Brunette, .tf. a brown girl 
Brunir, v. to burnish, to turn 

brown 
Brunissage, sm. burnishing 
Brunisseur, a burnisher 
Brunissoir, burnishing-stick 
Brunitisure, sf. polishing 
Bruse, knee-holly 
Brusque, 2. a. blunt; over hasty 
Brusquemeiit, ad. bluntly; has- 
tily 
Brusqucr, va. to affront 
Brusquerie. sf. rudeness 
Brut, e. a. rough; brute 
Brutal, e. brutish, rude 
— , sm. churl; blunt; brute 
Brut!i\em(i]it,ad. inconsiderately, 

rudely, clownishly 
Brulaliser, va. to use roughly 
Brutalite, sf. —Uty, rashness 
Brute, a. s. brute, brutish 
Bruyant, e. a. blustering, roar- 
ing 
Bruyere, sf. heath: a sort of 

German wool 
Buanderie, a wash-house 
Buandiere, a washer-woman 
Bube, a pimple, blister 



Bubon, sm. bubo, blotch 
Buccinateur, a trumpeter 
Buccine, sf. a cornet 
Bucentaure, sm. bucentaur 
Bucephale, Bucephalus 
Buche, sf. billet; blockhead 
Bucher, sm. wood-pile, wood- 
house, funeral pile 

, va. to fell wood 

Bucheron, sm. wood-cleaver^ or 

seller 
Buchette, sf. stick 
Bucolique, a pastoral poem 

, 2. a. bucolic, rural 

ButTet, sm. buffet, side-board, ta- 
ble; set of plate 
Buffeter, va. to suck wine out of 

a peg-hole 
Bufleteur,sm.o7ie who sucks wine 

out of a peg-hole 
Bulfetier, buff'eteer; who stands 
at the side table; hence, by cor- 
ruption, the English word 
beef-eater 
Buffetin, a buff coat 
Buffle, buffalo; buff'-skin; block- 
head; buff coat 
Butlietin, a young buffalo 
Bugle, sf. bugle 
Buglose, bugloss 
Buire, ou buie, a flagon 
Buis, sm. box, box-tree 
Buisserie, sf. boards to make 

hogsheads with 
Buisson, sm. bush, thicket 
Buissonnet, little bush 
Buissonnier, e. a. truant 
Bulbe, sf. a scallion 
Bulbeux, se. a. bulbous 
Bullaire, .<i7n. collection of bulls 
Bulle, sf. a bull, bubble 
Bulletin, sm. ballot, certificate of 

health, billet 
Buraliste, a receiver of duties 
Burat,s»t. a coarse kind of cloth 
Bure, sf. a coarse kind of cloth 
Bureau, sm. office; law; court; 
factory ;bench-committee;scru- 
toire; kind of coarse cloth 
Burette, sf. cruet for oil, crystal 

bottle 
Burin, sm. a graver 
Buriner, va. to engrave 
Burlesque, .sm. a ludicjrovs looy 
of writing 



;o 



CAR 



CAD 



GAL 



, 2. a. bbrl,:$que, mock 

UurlesqufiiK'iif, ad. comically 
Bursal, e. a. p'-cuniary 
Busard, sm a huzz ir,i 
Busc, sm. busk, whalcbove 
Buse, sf. buzzard, a ninny 
Busquer, va. to pursue; to stiff- 
en; to prop 
Buste, sm. a bust 
But, a but; mark; jack; aim; 

design 
But a but, ad. even hands 
Buter, vn. * hit the mark, aim at 
Se buter, vr. to dash, be * fixed 
Bulin, 5/71. booty, spoil, prize 
Butiner, va- to pillage, plunder 
Butireux, se. a buttery 
Butor, sm. a bittern, a lob 
Butorde, sj. a stupid woman 
Butte, hillock, mark, point 
Buyable, 2. a. drinkable 
Buvetier, sm. a publican 
Buvette, sf. a tavern, a drink- 
ing bout 
Buveur, so. s. tippler, toper 
Buvotter, vn. to * sip, tipple 
Bysse, sm. byssvs, pecious cloth 



c 



CA, inf. come on 
ca, nn abbreviation of cola, 
5 ' that; ca ira, that will do 

ca &c la, ad. hither, up and down 

Cabale. sf. a cabal, dub 

Cabalt^r, vn to ca'>al 

Cabalcur, sm. a entailer 

rabaliste, a cabalist 

Cabalistique, 2. a. cabali.otic 

Cabane, sf. cottage, cabin, till 

Cabaret, s:n. public-house, tea- 
board 

Carbareiier, p. s. a publican 

Cabas, sm. a frail, basket 

Cahnstan, a capstan 

Cabillaud. a cod, chub 

Cabille. sf. dun, tribe 

Cabinet, em closet, cabinet, sum- 
mcr-hou.<^e, privy, study 

CnhU', a cable 

Cahieau, small cable [a cord 

Cnhier, va. to twi.<t threads into 

Cab«-)che, sf. a lirge-hcadr.d nail; 
head; old nail 



Caboclion, sm. precious stone 

not * cut 
Cabotage, coasting trade 
Caboler, vn. to coast 
Caliotior, sm. a coaster 
Cabrer, o. to prance, irritate 
Se — , to be refractory, to * fall 

into a passion 
C(!bri, sm a young kid 
Cabriole, sf. a capriol; caper 
Cabrioler, va. to caper 
Cabriolet, soi. light low chaise 
Cabrioleur, se. *. a caperer 
Cabron, sm. a kid's skin 
Cahrouet, a little cart 
Cabus (clioux,) cabbage-head 
Cacade, sf. sad balk, baffle 
Cacao, sm. cocoa-nut 
Cacaoyer, Cacaoiier, cocoa-tree 
Cacaoyere, sf. place planted 

icith cocoa-trees 
Cache, lurking-bole 
Cacliemenl, sm. hiding 
Cacher, va. * hide, conceal, cover 
Cachet, sm. seal, signet 
Cacheter, va. to seal, sealing 
Cacliette, sf. lurking-hole 
Cachexie, cachexy 
Cacliot, sm. a dungeon 
Cachoterie, .«/. affectation; mys- 
tery 
CachoM, smcachoe, a kind of nut 
Cacocliyme, 2. a. ill'complexion- 

ed, ill-natured, cross 
Cacochyniie, sf. cacochymy 
Cacophonie, cacophony 
Ca"la:-tre, sm. doomsday-book 
Cadavcreux, se. a- cadaverous 
Cadavre, sm. corpse, carca-is 
Cadoau, a flourish, a feast 
CaJenas, a padlock 
Cadinassor, va. to padlock 
Cadence, sf. cadence, harmony 
Cadence, e. a. cadenced 
Cailencer, vn. to cadence; quiver 
Cadenetie, .«/. hair-tressed 
Cadet, sm younger; novice 
Cadette, .«/. younger sister 
Cadi, sm. a judge among the 

Turks 
Cadis, o kind of serge 
Cadole, .«/. a latch 
Cadran, sm. a dial 

solaire, sun-dial 

Cadre, a picture-frame 



Cadrer, va. lo quadrate, suit 
Caduc, raduijue, a decayed, 

frail, perishable 
Caducee, sm. .Mircury's wand 
Caducite, sf. dicay, craiinet 
Catard, e. a s. hypocrite 
* afarderie, sf. hypocrisy 
Cafe,sm. coffee, coffa-house 
Cafe tier, coffee- man 
Cat'etieie, sf. coffee-pot 
Catier, sm. coffee-tree 
Ca^'e, sf. cage, jail 
Cagnard, e. a. s. lazy, idle 
Cagnarder, vn. to mump 
Cagnardise, *â– /. laziness 
Cagneux, se. a. bowlegged 
Cagot, e. hypocrite; bigot; « 

priest 
Cagoterie, sf. hypocrisy 
CagotLsme, sm. affected devotion 
Cagou, an owl of a man 
Cague, sf. Dutch fishing-boat 
Caliier, sm. stitched book 
Cahin-caha, ad. untowardly 
Cahol, sm. a jolt of a coach 
Cabotage, j(//«in or 
Cahotef, v. tojoH, shake 
Caliutte, sf. a hut, cottage 
Caieu, vid. Cayeu 
Caille, sf. a quail 
Cai!l6. sm. curds and whf^y 
Cailkbotle, sf. curds a»i whey 
Caillebotte, e. a. curdled 
Caillf bonis, sm. grating 
Caillelait, rennet 
Caillement, curdling of women^t 

viilk 
Caiiler, va. to curdle; coagulati 
Cailleteau, sm. young quail 
Cailletot, a young turbot 
Cailietie, sf. rmnet, silly gossip 
Caillot, sm. a clot of blood 
— rosat, rose-water pear 
Caillou, a flint, flint-stone 
CailIoutage,y?»nt5, rockwerk 
Caiman, an alligator 
Caimand, a low beggar 
Caimander, vn. to beg 
Cajok-r. va. to cajole, whecdU. 
Cajolerie, .?/. cajoling, coaxing 
Cajoleur, se. s. wheedler, coazer 
Caisse, sf. chest, ca^h; drum 
Caissier, sm. a cashier 
Caisson, sm. covered w<igo% 
I Cal, callosity 



CAL 



CAM 



CAN 



31 



C'alaison, sf. depth of a ship 
(.'alaiiiiue, calamine; lapis ca- 

laminaris 
(^'alainite, — ty, misery, distress 
•C'alauiiteux, se. a. calaviitous 
Calandie, .«/. calender; weevil 
<;alandrer, va. calender cloth 
Calandieur, sm. a calender 
Calcaire, 2. a. that may be reduc- 
ed to chalk; calcareous, limy 
Calc6doine, sf. chalcedony 
Calcination, calcining 
Calciner, va. to calcine 
Calcu!, sm. calculation ; the stone 

in the bladder 
Calculable, 2. a. computable 
Calculateur, S7n. accomptant 
Ci\\cu\eT,vn.tocalculate,*castup 
Calculeux, se. a. calculous 
Cale, sf. wooden wedge ; creek ; 
ducking ; ship's hold ; flat cap 
Calebasse, a gourd 
Caleche, calash; chariot 
(/alecon,sm. drawers 
Caleconnier, drawers-maker 
Cal6faction, sf. — lion; beating 
Calemar, sm. cuttle-fish; pencase 
Caiembouig, a pun 
Calendes, sf. calends ; convoca- 
tion 
— grecqucs, never 
Calondrier, sm. a calendar 
Gr6gorien, Oregorian ca- 
lendar 
Calenture, sf. burning fever 
Calepin, sm. book of extracts 
Caler, va. to lower (the sails) 
Calfas, sm. calking, oakum 
Calfat, a calker, calking 
(l'a!fatag<>, calking of a ship 
Culfator, ca. to calk, pitch 
Calfatour, sm.. a calker 
Calfaiin, calker's boy 
< 'alfeulragc, stopping chivks 
Calfputrer, va. to * stop chinks 
Calib6, e. a. chalybeate, impreg- 
nated with strcl 
Calibre, sm. bore, size, sort 
Calibrer, va. to dispart 
Calico, sm. chalice, calix, cup 
Califourclion, a califourchon 

a.'itride 
Caiigineux, se. a. gloomy 
Calin, e. s. inzy beggar, booby 
Caliiier, vn. to beggar 



Se — , V?". to * sit, or rest like a 

beggar or boohy 
Calleux, se. a. callous, hard 
Callosil6, sf. callosity, hardness 
Calmande, callimanco 
Calme, 2. a. calm, quiet, still 
— , sm. calm at sea, calmness, 

quietness, stillness 
Calmer, va. to calm, appease, 

quiet, still, pacify 
Calomniateur, sm. calumniator, 

slanderer 
Calomniatrice, sf. calumniatrix; 

slanderess 
Calomnic, calumny, slander 
Calomnier, va. to calumniate, 

slander 
Calomnieusement, ad. slander- 
ously 
Calomnieux, se. a. slanderous 
Calotin, sm. a foppish clergyman 
Calotine, sf. a grotesque work, 

or figure 
Calotte, leather-cap ; lampoon. 
Calotlier, sm. leather-cap-maker 
Calquer,zja. to chalk the outlines 
Calvaire, sm. Calvary 
Calvinisme, calvinism 
Calviniste, 2. a. s. calvinist 
Calvitie, sf. baldness 
Calumet, sm. large Indian pipe 
Calus, hard knob in the skin, 

hardness of heart 
Calyphe, oa calife, a caliph 
Cama.'iea, precious stone, picture 

of one colour 
Camail, a camail, a capuchin 
Camaklule, a kind of friars 
Camaradc, a comrade, f( How 
Camard, o. a. s.fiat-nosrd 
Cambiste, sm. change broker- 
Cambouis, coom,, grease 
Cambrer, va. to vault, * bend 
Se — , vr. to warp as wood 
Cambrure, sf. bending 
Cam6e, sm.. cameo 
Cani616on, a chamdion 
Camelol, camlet 
Camelot6, e. «. woven like, camlet 
Camelotine, sf. a kind of camlet 
Cani6rinr, sm. chumhcrlain 
Camerlingat, the pope's great 

chamberlain's place 
Camcrlinpue, the pope's great 
I chamberlain 



Camion, very small pin; caVs 
claw, little cart 

Caniisadu, sf. assault by right 

Caimsiird,sm.fanatic,€nthusiast 

Camisole, sf. uudtr-waistcoat 

Camomile, chamomile 

Camouflel, sm. pvff of smoke, 
affront 

Camp, a camp ; an army 

Campagnaid, e. a. of the coun- 
try, rustic 

Campagnard, sm. a countryman, 
a clown 

Campagnarde, sf. a country wo- 
man 

Campagne, country ; campaign 
Campane, o tuft, fringe 
Campanclle, — nella 
Campanette, blue-bell flower 
Campanilie, steeple, belfry 
Campechc, (bois de,) sm. log 

wood 
Canipement, encampment 
Camper, v. to encamp, place 
Camphre, sm. camphire 
Camphi6, e. a. camphorated 
Campine, sf. fine pullet 
(Campos, sm. a play-day 
Camus, e. a. flat-nosed, balked 
Camuson, sf. flat-nosed girl 
Canaille, the rabble, mob 
Canal, sm. canal, channel, gut 

tcr, pipe, ways, means 
Caiiap6, a canopy-couch 
Canapsa, a knapsack 
Canard, mallard, water-dog 
Canardcr, va. to pelt, * shoot 
Canardiere, sf. a decoy 
Caiiarie, sm. canary-bird 
Cancel, chancel 
Cancellaiioii, sf. rccission 
Canceller, wa. to cancel ; rn-.c 
Cancer, sm. a canker, cane.ir 
Cancre, a crab-fish ; poor ; ^tin 

Candolabre, a chandelier 
(.'an(l(!ur, sf. candor, frankness 
Caiidi, (sucre,) sm. sugar-can ly 
Candidal, a candidate 
Candide, 2. a. candid, sinrer 
Candidcment, ad. sincerely 
Cane, .</. a duck, coward 
Canebir, va. to channil, chan<frr 
Cancllat, S7n. sugar wortfCinna' 
mon 



CAP 



CAP 



CAU 



Canelle, sf. cinnamon, a lap 
Caudio, e. a. of a cinnamon co- 
lour ; ckainfcred 
Canelure, sf. cJiannelling, cham- 
fer, fiutmgs 
Cancpin, sm. fine shrep-skin 
Caneter, vn. to waddle 
Canetille, sf.gold orsilcerticist 
Canetillcr, lui. to tic with twist 
Caaeton, ^i. tiuckliug 
Caiietto, sf. diir.kliiig 
Caiievas, sm. cancass, rough 

draught 
Canictie, sf. spaniel bitch 
Caniculaiies, (jours.) dog-days 
Caiiicule, sf. dog-star, dog-days 
Caiiif, sm. a penknife 
Cajiin, e. a. canine 
Canne, .<?/. canr, stick, measure 
Canon, sm. cannon ; gun-barrel, 
quill-barrel, cannon, gun,catch 
CanoninI, e. a. canonical 
Caiioaicat, sm. a prebend 
Canoiiiquc, 2. a. canonical 
Canoniijuement, ad. — cally 
Canonistp, sm. a canonist 
Canonisation, sf. —zation 
Caiioniser, va. to canonize 
Canoanade, sf. cannonade, can- 
non-shot 
Canoniiagc, sm. gunn ry 
Canonner, va. to cannonade 
Canonnior, sm. gunner 
Cduonnicre,sf.vtbrasure;draiii- 

holf, loop-hole 
Canoi, sm. a small boat, canoe 
Cantaic, sf. cnntata 
Canlati;le, a little cantata 
Canlharirle, Spanish fly 
Cantine. a bottle-case ; a tavern 

for soldiers 
Cantique, sm. a canticle 
Canton, nislrict; part of a town 
Cantonncment, cantoning 
Canlonncr, va. to canton 
So—, rr. to fortify one's self 
Cantonnirre, sf. canton ; addi- 
tional curtain to a bed 
Caunlc, sf. pipe, tube 
Cap, sm. a cape 

Capable, 2 a. capable, able, apt 
Capablement, ad. skilfully 
Capacity, sf. ability, skill, size 
Caparasson, sm. caparison 
Caparassonner, va. to caparison 



Cape, sf. cape of a cloak, riding- 
hood ; main- sail 
Capelan, sm. a poor ignorant 

priest 
Capillaire, maiden hair 
Capilotade, sf. a hash ; slander 
Cajjitaine, sm. a captain 
Capitainerie, */. government of 

a ca.-:tle, office of a ranger 
Capitainesse, ou capitaine, ad- 
miral galley 
Capital, e. a. capital, chief 

, sm. main point ; stock 

principal 
Capilale, sf. chief city 
Capitales, sf. pi. capital letters 
Capilalement, ad. capitally, to 

death 
Capitan, sm. boaster, hector 
— baclia, Turkish admiral 
Capitane, sf. the admiral galley 
Capitanie, captainry 
Capitation, poll-tax 
Capiteux, se. a. heady 
Capitole, sm. capital 
Capiton, silk welt 
Capitoui, principal magistrate 

of Toulouse 
Capitiilaire, Q. a. of a chapter 
Capitulairement, ad. chapterly 
Capitulant, sm. member of a 

chapter 
Capitulation, sf. — tion, articles, 

agreement 
Capituler, vn. to capitulate, par- 
ley [per 
Capon, sm. idle school-boy; shar- 
Caponner, vn. to * trick 
Caponniere, sf. trench, lodgment 
Caporal, sm. corporal 
Capt>t, great coat, cloak 
Capote,' s/. riding-hood ; cloak 
C;\pre, a caper, m. privateer 
Caprice, sm. whim, caprice 
Se capricier, vr. to * take pet 
Capricieuseinent, ad. — ciously 
Capricious, se. a. capricious 
Capriconie, sm. capricom 
(^aprier, a caper-tree 
Caprisant, (pouls) uneven pulse 
Capsule, sf. a case 
Captateur, sm. an inveigler 
Captation, sf. inveigling 
Captatoire, a. fraudulent de- 
ceitful 



Capter, va. to inveigle 
Captieusetnent, ad. subtilely, do- 

ccitfully 
Captieux, se. a. deceitful, subtle, 

sophistical 
Capiif, ve. a. s. captive 
Captiver, va. to captivate, eon- 

fne 
Cap'ivil6, sf. captivity, great 

confinement 
Capture, capture, booty, seizure 
Capuce, sm. a cowl 
Capuchon,ridtng-cloak; cowl 
Capucin, capuchin-friar 
Capucinade, .«/. a ridiculous ser 

man 
Capucine, capuchin-nun ; nai 

turtium 
Caquage, sm. barrelling up 
Caijue, sf. a cag, barrel 
Caque-denier,sm. pinch-farthing 
Caquer, va. to barrel up 
Caquct, sm. babbling, talk 
Caqueter, vn. to chat, prattle 
Caqueteur, sm. a great talker 
Caqueteuse, sf. talkative gossip 
Caqueierie, tittle-tattle 
Caqueloire, a chair of rest 
Caqut'ur, sm. he that guts her- 
rings to barrel them 
Car, c. for, because 
Carabe, sm. yellow amber 
CarRbin, carabimir ; rook 
Catahinade, .<;/. a rook's trick 
Carabine, a carbine 
Carabiner, va. to fire and then 

retreat ; to play the rook 
Carabinier, sm, a carabineer 
Caracol, en caracol, winding 

round 
Caracole, sf. caracol, or wheel 

ing about 
Caracoler, vn. to wheel about 
Caracouler, to coo 
Caractere, sm. character ; stile ; 

humour; charm 
Caract6 riser, va. to characterize 
Caract6ristique, a. s. character- 
istic 
Carafe, sf. a flagon 
Carafon, sm. an ice-pail 
Carambole, sf. carambol 
Caramboler, va. to carambol 
Caramel, sm. barley-sugar 
Caraque, sf. acarack 



CAR 



CAR 



CAS 



33 



Carat, a carat 
Caravaue, sf. a caravan 
Caravaiiier, sm. leader of a ca- 
ravan 
Caravaniste, one belonging to a 

caravan 
Caravaiiserail, sm. caravansary 
Carboncle, a plague; blotch; 

ruby 
Caibonnade, sf. a carbonade; a 

rasher 
Carcan, srn. necklace; iroji collar 
C'arcasse, sf. carcass^ skeleton 
Carcinoine, sm. — ?««, a cancer 
Garde, sf. stalk of an artichoke 

, a card 

Cardee, two cards full of wool 
Carder, va. to card wool 
Cardeur, se. a carder 
Cardialgie, .9/. heart-bum 
Cardiaque, 2. a. s. cordial 
Cardier, sm. a card-maker 
Cardinal, e. a. cardinal 

, sm. a cardinal 

Cardinalat, cardinalship 
Cardinale, sf. (p'.aiite) cardinal 
Cardinaliser, va. to make a car- 
dinal; to -paint red 
Cardon, sm. cardoon-tkistle 
Carenie, lent 

Un careine, preiiaiu, a ridicu- 
lous felluw 
Car6nagc, .sm. carcening-place 
Carene, sf. all the parts of a 

skip under water 
Gardner, va. to careen 
Caressant, e. a. kind, flattering 
Garcsse, sf. caresses, wheedle 
Garesser, va. to caress, sooth 
Gar^'aison, .of. a cargo 
Garguer, urt. to brail vp the sails 
(/argues, sf. pi. brails 
Caricature, sf. an overcharge 
Carle, rottenness in the bones 
Carier, va. to rot, taint 
Carillon, sm. chimes; scolding, 

jangling 
Carillonnoment, chiming 
Carillonner, vn. to chime 
Carillonneur, sm, a chimtr; a 

noisy fellow 
Cariole,'s/. a kind of calash 
Carisladc, alms, charily 
Garme, sm.^a carmelite 
Carmelite, sf. carmelite nun 
PART I. 



Carmi.n, sm. carmine 

Carniinatif, ve. a. carminative 

Carnage, sm. carnage, slaugh- 
ter, carrion 

Carnassier, e. a. carniverous, 
voracious 

Carnassiere, sf. pouch, bag 

Canmtion,sf.—tion; flesh-colour 

Carnaval, sm. carnival 

Carne, sf. angle, corner 

Carn6, e. a. carnation 

Garnet, sm. a debt book 

Carnivore, 2. a. carnivorous 

Carnosit6, sf. camosity 

Carogne, a jade 

Caron, sm. a slice of fat bacon 

Caroncule, sf. a small gland; ex- 
crescence 

Carotte, a carrot 

Carotter, vn. to play low 

Carousse, sf. carousing 

Carpe, a •arp. — Carpe pamCe, 
an affected womaii 
, sm. the wrist 

Carjjeau, a little carp 

Carpetles, sf. packing clothes 

Carpillon, sm. a young carp 

Carquois, a quiver 

Carre, s/. crown of a hat; shape 
of a coat; toes of a shoe 

, e. a. square 

, sm. a square, garden bed 

de inoulon, breast oj mutton 

Carreau, square; pane; garden- 
bed ; cushion ; diamond at 
cards; the ground; thunder- 
bolt: thundtr-stone; tailor's 
goose; bolt 

Carrefour, a cross-way 

Carrelage, paving with square 
tiles, 6,-c. 

Carrelei , va. to pave with square 
tiles, <i'-f. to r.icnd shoes 

Carrclet, sm. a flounder 

Carrelette, sf. a fine file 

Carreleur, sm. one that paves 
with square tiles, S,c. 

Carrolure, .s/. paving with tiles, 
cobbling 

CarrCment, ad. square 

Carrer, va. to square 

Se — , va. to strut 

Carret, sm. rope-yarn 

Carrier, a quarry-man 

Carnere, sf. quarry; career 
C 



Carrosse, sm. a coach 

— de voiture, stage-coach 

— coup6, a chariot 

— brise, a landau 

— de louage, a hackney-coach 
Carrossee, 5/. f^dl coach 
Carrossier, sm. a coach-maker 
Carrousel, a carousal 
Carrousse, sf. riot, loose mirth 
Carrure, shape of a coat 
Cartayer, va. to quarter 
Carte, sf. card, map, pasteboard 
Carte-marine, sea-chart 
Cartel, sm. cartel; challenge 
Carttisianisnie, the Cartesian 

philosophy 
Cartesien, Cartesian 
Cartier, a card-maker 
Cartilage, a gristle 
Cartilagincux, se. a. gristly 
Carton, sm. pasteboard, bandbox 
Canonner, va. to add a leaf to a 
book \^ker 

Cartonnier, sm. pastcboard-ma- 
Cartouciie, sf. a charge; car- 
tridge 
Cartuiaire, sm. a collection of 

charters 
Cas, ft case; fact; chance; mat- 
ter; value 
Casanier, sm. close housekeeper; 

lazy drone 
Casanier, e. a. retired, idle 
Casaque, 5/. a great ccat 
Casaqiiin, sm. a short goicr. 
Cascade, sf cascade, a fall 
Case, a point at backgammon; 
square in a draught-board; 
mean habitation; box 
Casemate, a casemate 
Casemater, va. to fortify 
Caser, vn. to * take a point at 

tables 
Caserne, sf. a barrack 
Caserner, vn to * be in barracks 
Casilleux, se. a. brittle 
Casque, sm. a helmet 
Cassade, sf. a flam, sham 
CassaiWe, first digging of afield 
Cassant, e. a. brittle 
Cassation, sf. repeal, abrogating 
Gasse, cassia, pen-case, case 
Casse-cou, sm- unsafe place; tinr 

even ground 
Casstc, Cvoix,1 sf. broken voice 



CAT 



CE 



CEN 



Casscr, vn. to * break, bruise; 

abruirate 
Ca»i«;r()le, sf. a stew-pan 
La^e-iioiseite, sin. nut-cracker 
C'assie-t^te, puzzle-brain; heady 

wine 
<. issette, nf.cofferet; privy-purse 
L .Oiseur, sm. cracker, bouncer 
C.issier, ca-^sia-Uce 
U:isso1ettc, sf. pcrj'umiit<r pan 
Caasnnadc, powdered su^ar 
Castagnette, castanets 
Caste, a tribe 

Castelane, sort of green plum 
Castille, bickering; contention 
Castor, siu. a beaver 
Casualile, sf. perquisite 
Casuel, le. a. casual; precarious 
Casuel, sm. profits, perquisites 
Casuellement, ad. casually, by 

chance • 
Casuiste, sm. casuist 
Catacrese, sf. catecresis 
Catacombs, pi. catacombs 
Catadoupes,/;/. tcater-falls 
Catafalque, sm. funeral decora- 
tion 
Calalepsie, sf. catalepsy 
Caialeptique, 2. a. —tic 
Catalogue, sm. — logae^ list, roll 
Calaplasme, poultice 
Cataracts, sf. a cataract 
Se cataracter, vn. to grow dim 
Catarrhe, sm. a catarrh 
Catarrlieux, se. a.catarrhous 
Catastrophe, sf. —pke 
Calecliiser, va. to catechise; tc 

endeavour; to persuade 
Catechisine, sm. a catechism 
Cat6cluste, a calediist 
Catechuniene, 2. s. —men 
Catt'gorie, sf. — gory, class 
Cat6goriqueinent, ad. categori- 
cally 
Cathartique, 2. a. cathartic 
Cathedrale, sf. a cathedral 
Cailiedrant, sm. a lecturer 

Cailiolicisme, licism 

Catholicity, sf. Catholicism; the 

catholic countries 
Oatholicon, sm. —con 
Calliolique, 2. a. s. catholic; uni- 
versal 

, 2. s. Roman Catfiolic, a 

papist 



Catlioiiquement, ad. Christian- 
Caii, sm. a press [^like 

Catiiuini, ad. sidy 
Catin, sf. an immodest girl 
— , sm. a foundry vessel 
Calir, va. to press cloth, &,c. 
Catoptrique, sf. catoptrics 
Cavalcade, a cavalcade, little 

journey 
Cavalcadour, sm. an equerry 
Cavale, sf. a mare 
Cavalerie, cavalry, horse 
Cavalier, sm. trooper; genile- 

inan, horseman, spark 
Cavalier, e. blunt, haughty 
Cavalieremeiit, ad. haughtily, 

gentleman- like, bluntly 
Caudalaire, sm. train-bearer 
Cave, sf. cellar; case of bot- 
tles; vault; pool at play 
— , 2. a. hollow 

Caveau,s)rt. little vault, or cellar 
Cavee, sf. a hollow way 
Caver, vh. to hollow; to stock at 

play 
Caverne, sf. a cavern 
Caverneu^v, se. a. cavernous, 

hollow 
Cavesson, sm. muzzle to tame a 

horse, check 
Ca\\\lnuon,.';f. sophistical reason 
Caviii, sm. a defile, cavity 
Cavite, sf. hollowness, cavity 
Causaliui, casuulity 
Causaiif, ve. a. casual 
Cause, sf. cause, reason, motive 

d'appel, action upon appeal 

Causer, vn. to cause; talk; blab 
Causeur, se. s. a babbler 
Causerie, sf. babbling, slander 
Causticite, malignity 
Caustique, 2. a. caustiit; wasp- 
ish 
Cauteleusemeiit, ad. slily 
Cauteleux, se. a. wily, sly 
Cautere, sm. an issue, cautery 
Cauteriser, va. to cauterize; * 

burn 
Caulion,sf.bail; security; surety 

bourgeoise, good security 

Cautioimeinent, sm. bailing 
Cautioimer, ua. to bail, warrant 
Caver, sm. a ouire, stitched book 
Cayeu, a sucner, off-set 
Ce, cet, cetie, ;;rtf. this, that, it 



Co que, what, tliat 

C'est pouniuoi, thtrefore 

Ce u'est pas que, not thai 

Ceaus, ad.-within, at home; he^ 

Ceci, pro. this, these 

Cecile, sf. blindness 

Cedant, e. s. grantor 

Ceder, va. to cede, yield, resign 

Cedille, sf. cedilla {r.) 

Cedrat, sm. a kind of citron 

Cidre, cedar 

Cedule, sf. bill, note, cedula 

Ceindre, va. to enclose; '^ put on, 
gird 

Ceiutre, e. «. arched, vaulted 

CeiiUure, sf. girdle; t/ie waist, 

enclosure; cincture 
Cf iiituiier. sm. a belt-maker 
Ceiiituroii, a belt 
<,'ii\a, pro. that, thus, so 
Celt'idiJii, sm. sea-green; affected 

sentimental man 
Celebrant, officiating priest 
C6l6brati<)u, sf. solemnity 
Celebre, 2. a. famous, eminent 
Celebrer, va. celebrate, *set forth 
Celtibrile, .«/. — ty, solemnity 
Celer, va. to conceal, * hide 
Celeri, sin. celery 
Ceieriie, sf. — rity; swiftness, 

speed 
Celeste, 2. a. celestial, heavenly 
Celestiiis, sm. pi. a sort of fri- 
ars 
Celibat, sm. celibacy; single life 
Celibataire, 2. a. of celibacy 

, sm. a bachelor 

, sf. unmarried woman 

Celle, pro. f. she, that 
Cellerier, e. s. caterer; cellarist 
Celiier, sm. cellar above ground 
Cellule, sf. a cell, box-case; hole 

in the honey-comb 
Celui, pro. he, that 
Celui-ci, celle-ci, this 
Celui-la, celle-la, that 
Cement, sm. cement 

Cementation, sf. tion 

Cendre, sf. a.<shes 
Cendre, e. ash-coloured 
Cendree, 5/. dross of lead; small 

shot 
Cendreux, se. a. ashy, full of 
a.'hes 

' Cendrier, sm. ash pan 



CEU 

Cene, sf- the Lord's supper 

Cenelle, holy-oaks berry 

Cftnobite, sm. monk 

Ceriobitique, 2 a. tical 

Cenotaphe, sm. cenotaph, i. e. 
empty tomb 

Cens, quit-rent 

Ccnsable, 2. a. of a manor 

Censal, sm. a broker 

Cense, sf. a fee-farm 

Cens6, e. a- accounted; reputed 

Uenseur, sm. censor, a critic 

Censier, the lord of a manor 

, e. 5. a fee-farmer 

(Jeasitaire, sm. a copyholder 

Censive, sf. a manor 

Censiveiiient, ad. in a feudal 
manner 

Censuel, le. a. feudal 

Censurable, 2. a. — ble, deserv- 
ing censure 

Censure, sf. censorship; censure; 
criticism 

Ceiisurer, va. to censure; * chide 

Cent, 2. o. hundred 

, sm. a hundred 

Centaine, sf. about a hundred 

Centaure, sm. a centaur 

Centaurce, sf. centaury 

Cenleiiaiie, '2. a. centenary 

Centenier, Centurion, sm. cap- 
tain of a hundred; centurion 

Ceutierae, 2. a hundredth 

CentO'.i, sm. rhapsody 

Central, e. a. central 

Centre, sm. centre 

Centrifuge, 2. a. centrifugal 

Centripete, 2. a. centripetal 

Centuple, 2. a. sm. hundred fold 

Centupler, va. to increase great- 

Jy . 

Centuriateur, sm. — ator 

Centurie, sf. —ry, hundred 

Centurion, sm. —rion 

Cap, sm. a vine 

Cependant, ad. in the meantime, 

nevertheless, yet 
C6phalalogie, sf. —gy 
C6phalique, 2. a. cephalic 
Ceps, sm. pi. stocks, fetters 
Cerat, sm. cerate, plaster 
Cerbere, Cerberus 
Cerceau, a hoop, net, ring 
Cercelle, sf.^a teal 
Otifcle, sm. a circle, assembly 



GET 

Cerclor, va. to hoop 
Ceiciier, sm. hoop-viaker 
Cercueil, a cojjin 
Ceremonial, e. a. — nial 

, sm. — nial, ritual 

Cereinonie, sf. — ny, rite 
C6r6monieux, se. a. ceremoni- 
ous; formal 
Cerf, sm. a stag; a hart 
Cerf-volant, horn-beetle; paper 

kite 
Cerfeuil, sm- chervil 
Cerise, sf. a cherry 
Cerisier, sni. a cherry-tree 
Ceine, a ring, circle 
Cerneau, kernel of a nut 
Cerner, va. * take out the kernel 

of a nut, tap a tree 
— yeux cern6s, eyes surrounded 

with black and blue spots 
Certain, e. a. certain, sure 

, sm. certainty 

une nouvelle certain, sure 

news 

une certain nouvelle, a re 

port 
Certainement, ad. certainly 
Certes, truly, indeed 
Certificat, sm. a certificate 
Certificateur, a voucher 
Certification, sf. —lion 
Certifier, va. to certify, assure 
Certitude, sf. certainty, stability 
Cervaison, venison-season 
Cerveau, sm. the brain 
Cervelas, cervelas^ kind of sau- 
sage 
Cwrvelet, hind part of the brain 
Cervelle, sf. brains 
Cervical, e. a. — cal 
Cervier, (loup) sm. a lynx 
Cervoise, sf. sort of beer 
C6ruse, white lead 
Ces, pro. these, those 
Cessation, Sf/. — tion,intcrtiiis.^ion 
Cesse, ceasing, intermission 
Cesser, v. cease., * leave off 
Cessible, 2. a. transferable 
Cession, sf. a yielding up 
Cessionnaire, 2. s. cessionary, 

grantee 
Ceste, sm. cestus, girdle 
Cesure, sf. ctssura, pause, rest 
Get, pro. this, that 
Ctitac6e, a. m. cetaceous 



CHA 



35 



Coux, celles, pro. these, those 
Clifibier, va fasten to a cable 
Cliiibleur, sm. a water- officer 
Chabiis, wind-fallen wood 
Cliaconne, sf. chacon (a tune) 
Chacun, e. pro. cve^ one, each, 

(it can never be joined to a 

substantive) 
Cliafouin, e. a s. a mean-look 

ing fellow; a polecat 
Chagrin, sm. grief; vexation, 

sorrow 
— , shagreen 
— , e. a. morose, sad 
Chagrinant, e. vexatious 
Chagriner, va. to vex, to fret 
Chaine, sf. chain; warp; ridge; 

bondage 
Chaineau, sm. a pipe of lead 
Chainelier, a chain-maker 
Chainette, sf. a little chain 
Chainon, sm. a link 
Chair, sf. flesh, skin, quick 
— vive, the quick 
Cliaire, a pulpit; fee; oratory 
Chaise, a chair, scat, sedan 
Chaland, e. 5. customer; chap- 
man 
Cha\HnL\\s<i,sf. custom, good-will 
Chalet, sm. a hut, cabin 
Chaleur, sf. heat; warmth; zeal 
Chalit, sm. bedstead 
Chalonpe, sf. great boat 
Chalumeau, sm. stem.; a pipe; 

flute 
Chamade, sf. a parley [glc 

Chaniailler, vn. to fight; wran- 
Chamaillis, sm. fray, squabble; 

skirmish 
Chamarrer, va. to lace, daub 
Chamarrure, .<?/. lacing 
Chambalon, sm. a yoke {to carry 

milk, water, S-c] 
Cliambellan, chamberlain 
Chambranle,7ttni&s; mantle-tree 
Chauibre, sf. chamber, room 
Chanibree, 7)croO/ts lying in one 

room, house-full 
Chambrelan, sm. chamber- artifi- 
cer, a lodger 
Chanibrer, vn. to lodge togetlur; 

to confine, take aside 
Chambrctte, sf. little room 
Chambrier, sm. chamberlain iu 

a manastcnj 



16 



CHA 



CHA 



CHA 



Chambriere, sf. chamber-maid; 

horsewhip 
Clianibrilloii, young maid 
Chameau, sm. a camel 
ClKimelicr, camel-driver 
Chauies, Games, .^m. inuscles 
Chamois, shavoy; icild goat 
Chainoiseur, shamoy-dresser 
Champ, afield; matter 

— de bataille, jjieW of battle 

— clos, camp list 
Champagne, iff. champaign 
Champart, sm. field-rent 
Champaiter, va. to collect field- 
rents 

Champarleur, sm.. field-rent col- 
lector 
Champetre, 2. a.rural 
Champignon, sm. mushroom; 

thief in a candle 
Champignonhiere, sf. a bed for 

mushrooms 
Champion, sm. a champion 
Chance, sf. chance, hazard 
Chanceiant, e. a. tottering; un- 
steady 
Ciianceler, vn. to totter; to wa- 
ver 
Chancelier, sm. chancellor 
Chancel'\eTe,sf .chancellor' s icife 
Cliancehement, sm. tottering; 

unsteailiness 
Chancellerie, sf. chancery 
Chanceux, se. a. lucky 
Chancir, va. to grow mouldy 
Chancissure, sf. inouldiness 
Cliancre,57n.a cancer, sore; foul- 
ness in the teeth 
Chancreux, se. a. cancerous 
Chantleleiir, sf. Candlemas 
Chandelier, sm. candlestick, a 

tallow chandler 
Chandellc, sf. a candle 
Ciianfrein, sm. forehead of a 

fiurse 
Change, exchange, cha$t^e,bank- 

er's trade 
•.'hanjreant, e. a. changeable, 

fickle 
Cliangement, sm. change; alte- 
ration 
Changeotler, va. to change of- 
ten 
Changer, va. to change; alter, 
shift, barter 



Changeur, sm. banker, money- 
changer 
Chanoine, a prebendary 
Chanoinesse, sf. a canoness 
Chanoinie, canonry, canonship 
Clianson, a song, idle story 
Chansonner, ra. to lampoon 
Chansonnetle, sf. little song, lay 
Chansonuier, sm. ballad-maker 
Ciiaiit, singing; tune; canto 

du co(j, cock-crow 

Clianianl, e. a. tunable; sivg- 

I i»g 
Chanteau, sm. hunch of bread, 

quarter-piece 
Cl)anter, v(i. to * sing; to crow; 

praise 
Clianterelle,5/. treble- string; de- 
coy-bird 
Chanteur, se. s. a singer 
ChanueT,sm.timber-yurd;stocks, 

gauntry 
Ciiantourn6, a headpiece of a 

bed 
Chaiitre, a chanter, a clerk 
Chantrerie, sf. chantry 
Chanvre, sm. hemp 
Clianvrier, hemp-dresser 
Cliaos, chaos, confusion 
Clia(»e, sf. cope, helm 
Cliapeau, sm. a hnt; man 
Chap.lain, a chaplain 
Chapeler, va. to * rasp bread 
Cliapelet, sm. chaplet, head, stir- 
rup-leather; a chain-pump 
Chapelier, e. ^. a hatter 
Chapelle, sf. chapd, benefice 
Chapellenie, chaplainship 
Cha(ielure, chippings ; chips; 

ra.^pings 
Ciiaperon, sm. hood; coping of a 
wall; bolster-cap; top; com- 
panion 
Chaperonner, va. to * cap one; 
to protect; to hood-wink the 
haick 
Chapier, 5>n. copc-bearcr 
Chapileau, chapiter, capital 
Chapilre, chapter; chapter-house 
Chapitrer, va. to reprimand 
ChajKin, syn. capon; crust rf 

bread boiled in broth 
Chaptinucau, sm. young capon 
Chaponner, va. to cajftn 
Clia|)onniere, sf. caponry 



Chaquc, pro. each, every (*is 
always joined to agubEtantive) 
Char, sm. chariot, car 
Cliarancon, a weevil, mite 
Charbon, coals; ulcer 

de bois, charcoal 

de lerre, pit-coal 

Cliarbomiee, sf. short rib of 

beef 
Charhonner, va. to daub with a 

coal 
Chai bonnier, sm. coal-merchant 

collier; coal-hole 
CiiarbonniL-re, sf. colliery; coal- 
house; cual-woman 
Charbouiller, va. to stain; to 

blacken 
Charcuier, va. to hcLck, mangle 
Charculerie, sf.hog'sjtcsh; sau- 
sages, <i-c. 
Cliarcutier, e. s. vho keeps a 

pork-shop 
Chardon, sm. thistle; spike-head 
Chardonner, va. to nap cloth 
Chardoiineret, sm. goldfinch 
Cljardonuiere, sf. thistle-plot 
Cljarge, load, charge, cargo; em- 
ployment; place, office 
Chargeam, e. a. clogging; te- 

dious 
Cliargement, s^m. bill of lading 
Chargeoir, charger in gunnery 
Charger, va. to load; charge; 

burden, lade, clog 
Se — , to *take upon one's self 
Chargeur, sm. a loader 
Chariage, carriage 
Cliarier, v. to carry along 

droit, to mind one's hits 

Chariot, sm. wagon, cart 
Charitable, '2. a. charitable 
Charitablement, ad. —tably 
Charite, ."f. charity, alms 
Charivari, sm. paltry vtiisic, 

a clutter 
Cliarlatarija mountebank; wheed- 

ler 
Charlaune, sf. cunning gipsy 
Charlataner, ra. to gull 
Charlatanerie, sf. quackery 

wheedling 
Cliarniaiit, e. a. charming; de 

lightful 
Cliarnie, sm. charm, yoke-elm 
Charmer, va. to charm; allay 



CHA 



CHA 



CHE 



37 



Charmille, .if. hedge of yoke-elm 

trees 
Cliaiiiajje, sni. flesh-time 
Cliamci, le. a. carnal; sensual 
Clianieilemeut, ad. carnally 
G/iariieu.v, se. a. fleshy 
Cliaiiiier, sm. charnel-honse; a 

larder 
Cliarniere, sf. a hinge 
Cliainu, e. a. fleshy, plump 
Clianmrc, sf. flesh, s/cin 
Charogiio, carrion, carcass 
CljarpciJte, tunber-work 
CliarpeiUL'r, va. to work timber; 

to mangle 
Charpeaieiie, 5/. carpentry 
Cliaii>u!itier, sm. carpenter 
Chaipie, sf. Cliarpis, sm. lint 
Charrtf, s/. buck-ashes 
Charrolee, a cart-load 
C)iarroli(jr, chart ier, sm. carman 
Clianetlc, sf. a cart 
Cliarroi, sm. carriage, wainagc 
Chanou, a cartwright 
Charionajre, cartiorighfs work 
Cliariuago, arable land 
Ciiairue, sf. a plough 
Charto, cliarire, a charter 
Chaite-pailie, charter-party 
Cliartil, chartis, sm. a pcnt-hous'e 

for carls, great cart 
Charlie, sf. charter, gaol 
Chartreuse, charter-house 
Ciiarlreux, se. s. Carthusian fri- 
ar, or nun 
Cliartrier, .sm. keeper of charters 
CJias, sm needle- eye 
Chaserot, I'itle sash-frame to 

make cheese 
Chas.se, sf. shrine; scale; frame; 

checks 
Chasse, sf hunting; game; chase 

aux om:mix, fowling 

Chasse-chifii, sm. bradsman 
Chasse-cousiii, sm. bad wine 
Ohasse-coijuiii, bcdsman 
C\vASse\as,(;xcellent sort of white 

grape 
Ghasse-niaree, <i fish-cart; a 

shallop 
Chasser, va. to hunt, * drive a- 

way, chase, pursue 
— ail fusil, to * go a shooting 
Cliasserosse, sf. a huntress 
Chussoiir, sm. hunter, fowlc 



Chasseuse, sf. a huntress 
CJiassie, blear-eyedness 
Chassieux, se. a. blear-eyed 
Cliassis, sm. sash; frame; chase 
Chassoir, cooper's driver 
Chaste, 2. a. chaste; pure; veat 
Chastement, ad. chastely; purely 
Ciiastete, s/. chastity, purity 
Chasuble, a kind of cope 
Cliasublier, sm. maker of ecclesi- 

asiical ornaments 
Chat, cat 

Petit chat, little dear 
Chats, pi. catkins 
Chataignc, sf. a chesmit 
Chataigneraie, chesnut orchard 
Chalaiguier, sm. chesnut-tree 
Chataia, a. m. chesmit- colour 
Chateau, sm. a castle, or seat 
Chateaux en Espagne, airy cas- 
tles 
Chatelain, lord of a manor; go- 
vernor of a castle; castellan 
CJiutelet, little castle 
Chatellenie, sf. castle-ward 
(^hat-huant, sm. screech-owl, sul- 
len man 
Chatiable, 2. a. punishable 
Ciiiitier, va. to chastise; mind; 

correct 
Cliatiere, sf. a cat-hole 
Charinient sm. chastisement 
Cliatou, a kitten; bezel; catkins; 

collet 
Chatouillcnieiit, tickling 
Cliatouiller, va. to ticklr; please 
Chatouiileux, se. a. ticklish, de- 
licate 
Chatle, sf. a she-cat; puss; dain- 
ty woman 
Chattee, brood of a cat 
Cliatteinite, demure hypocrite 
Chatter, chatoriner, vn. to kitten 
Chaud, e. a. hot, warm, hasty, 
fierce 

, sm. heat, hot 

, ad. hot, warmly 

Cliaudeau, sm. caudle 
Chaudeinciit, ad. warmly, earn- 
estly 
Cliaufleron, sm. a kettle, caldron 
Chau(ieroiin6e, sf. kettleful 
Chauderoniierie, brazier's ware 
Chauderonnier, sm. brazier, tin- 
ker 



Chaudiere, sf. caldron; copper, 

great kettle 
Chauftage, sm. fuel 
Chauffe, sf furnace 
Chaulle-pied, sm. a foot-stove 
Chauffer, va. to heat, warm 
Chaufferette, sf afoot-stove 
Chaufferie, a kind of forge 
Chauffeur, sm.warmerofaforge 
ChaufCoir, JO arming-place; warm 

cloth for a sick person 
Chaufour, a lime-kiln 
Chaufournier, a lime maker 
C]iavirer,«a.to turnupside down 
Chanme,sm.stubble,stubble field 
Chaumer,7;a. to * cut stubble, to 

thatch 
Ci)aun]iere,s/.a thatched cottag* 
Chauinine, small cottage 
Chaussant, e. a. easy to put an 
Cliausse, sf. stocking, straining 

bag 
Chausses, pi. breeches 
Cliauss6, e. a. cross-grained 
Chauss6e, s/. causeway 
Ciiausse-piC, sm. shoeing-hom 
Chausser, va. to * put on shoes, 

or stockings; make shoes; to fit 
— le cothurne, to turn a drar 

matic writer 
Chaussetier, sm. hosier 
Chaussetrap, sf. a caltrop 
Cliausselte, under-stocking 
Cliausson, sm. socks, pumps 
Ch a assure, sf. any cover of the 

leg and foot 
Claiuve, 2. a. bald 
Chauve-souris, .«/. abat 
( 'liauveK?, baldness 
Chaux, lime 
Chef, sm. head, chief, leader; faff- 

end 

de fnmilie, housekeeper 

Chef-d'oiuvre, a master-piece 
Clief-lieu, a manor-house 

de parti, a ringleader 

Chelin, sm. shilling 
Chemia, way, road, course 
Cheuiia6e, .'?/. a chimney 
Cheaiiner, vn. to walk, or * go 
Chemise, >/. shirt, shift 
Clieaiisette, under-waiitcoat 
Chenaie, a grove of oaks 
Chenal, sm. channel 
Ciieaapan, sm. a vagabond 



38 



CUE 



CHI 



CHO 



Ch^np. an oak 
Chciie-veid. holm-oak 
Cli6nfau, ijouvg oak 
, a pipe to cotirey rain-wa- 
ter frum LhP gutt'rs 
Clienet, hand-iron 
Cheneviere, .</. hcwp-fiihl 
Clicuevis, am. hcwp-secd 
Chcnevolte, .<;/. short straw 
Chenevottcr, »«. to peel hewp- 

stalk 
Cheiiil, sm. a dog-kennd 
Clienille, sf. a caterpillar 
Cheiiu, e. a. hoar;/; gray-headed 
f'lier, e. dear; ca'-flt; beloocd 
Clicrche, */. »e<irch' 
Cl:ircli(r, ca- to* stck, look for, 

* search 
Chercheur, se. *. seeker, searcher 
Chere, 5/. cheer, treat, entertain- 
ment 
Chcreinent, ad. dear, dearly 
Clierir, vr. to cherish, love 
Chersonese, sf. peninsula 
Chert<^, dcarness, dearth 
Ch6rubin, sm a cherub 
Ch6ruljiqiie, 2. a. cherubinical 
Chervis, sm. chervil 
Ch6tif,ve. a. mean, sorry, pitiful 
Ch^;tivemeiit, ad. pitifully 
Cheval, 5m. a horse 
Cheval-fondu, Itapfros' 
Chevalerie, sf. knighthood; chi- 
valry 
Clievalet, sm. -xoodcn horse; 
bridge of an instrument; easel; 
tressel; buttress; poop 
O.evalier, a knight 

d'industrie, sharper 

de la coupe, toper 

d'honneur, first gentleman 

usher 

du guet, captain of a watch 

on horseback 
Clievaliere, sf. kninhVs lady 
fhevaline {hcic,) horse or ware 
Clievance, one's whole substance 
Vhcv^iucMe., judge" s circuit 
Clievauclier, vn. to * ride (obso- 

ktf) 
Chevau-16ger8, sm. light horse 
Chfvecier, vestry-keeper 
Ch6vecerie, sf. office of a vestry- 
keeper 
Chevelu e. a. long-hairpd 



Chevehire. sf. head of hair; 

a ins; jib re 
Clitvet, sm. a ivhter 
Clieveire, a halter (old) 
("heveu, a hair, fibre, thread 
ChevDIc, */. a peg; uncle-hone, 
broach, botch [roldry) 

Chevilie, e a. branched {in he- 
(."hesilier, va. to peg. to pin 
(,'lievillette, sf. bookbinder's peg 
Chovillon, sm. turner s peg 
Chevillure, sf. the broaches of a 

deer's head 
Cfievir, vn. to manage, overrule 
Chevre, sf. a she-goat, crab 

saiivage, antelope 

Ciievrean, sm. a kid 
Chevrc-feuille, honeysuckle 

pied, a. ni. goat-footed 

Chevrelte, sf. a doe; syrup pot; 

little hand-iron; shrimp 
Chevreuii, sm. a roebuck 
Chevrier, a goatherd 
Chevrillard, /a?rn of a roe 
Chevron, a rafter, chevron 
Chevronnic, e. a. chevror.y 
Chevtoter, i.w. to kid; to fret; 
skip; to * have a trembling 
voice in singing 
Chevrofin, sm. a kid's ski: 
Chevrotin6, sf. deer-shot 
Chez, pr. at, or to one's house, 

among, with 
Chiasse, sf. scum, dung 
Chiaoux, sm. a Turkish bailiff 
Chicane, sf. chicanery, cavil 
Chicaner, va. to chicane; * vex, 

quarrel, cavil 
Chirancrie, sf. chicanery 
Chicancur,se. s chicaner; shifter 
Chicanier, e. wrangler, caviller 
Chiche, 2. a. stingy 
Chichement, ad. stingily 
Chichet6, sf. niggardliness 
Chicon, sm. coss-l/ttuce 
Chicort-e, sf. succory, endive 
Chicot, sm. a. stump 
Chicoter, vn. to wrangle; trifle 
Chicoiin, sm. orpine 
Chion, a dog, cock of a gun 
Chien-c^lcsie, sm. dog-star 

dent, dog's grass 

nr)arin, sea-dog 

Chienne, sf. a bitch 
Chienner, vn. to whelp, puppy 



Chiile, .«•/. sorry silk, or stuff 
CJiitlbn. svi. n rug, ilout 
Chilioiis, pi. niillimry wares 
Chili'onner, va to rumple, tumble 
Cliiffonnier, e. *. a rag-picker 
( \\\X\ui\\\\exe.^sf.lady's work-bag 
CI I in re, sm. cipher, figure, n 
nuuiber.—Mw z6ro en cLillie, 
an insigvifcunt man 
Chifiiei, va. to* ca£t vp; * write 

in cij'hers 
Ciiirt'itur, sm. an accomptant 
Cliignon, the nape of the neck, 

hind curl 
Cliiniere, sf. chimera, idle fancy 
Chinierique, 2. a. chimerical, 

fanciful 
Cliiniferiquemrnt, ad. — rically 
Cliiniie, ,e/. chymistry 
Cl)iniique, 2. a. chymical 
Chimisle, sm. a chymist 
Cliioiirnio, sf- a galley's crew 
Cliipotor, vnto piddle; trifle 
Ciiipotitr, e. s. piddler, trifltr 
Cliiquenaude, sf. a fillip 
Chiqnet, sm. a bit 
Chirograpliaire, written undci 

the disposer's own hand 
Chironiancie, sf. palmistry 
Chironiancien, ne. s. — manccr 
Chirurgical, e. a. —cal 
Chirurgic. sf. surgery 
Chinirgien, sm. a surgeon 
Chirnrgique, 2. —gical 
Chmrti, sf. flies' dung 
Choc, sm. shock; dashing; on- 
set, clashing 
Chocailler, vn, to tipple 
Chocaillon, sf. fuddling gossip 
Chocolat, sill, chocoleitc 
Chocolatier, one who keeps a 
chocoliite-kouse, chocolate-ma 
ker, or sell'r 
Chocolnliere, sf. chocolate-pot 
ChoBur, 5771 choir, chorus 
Choir, rTi. to * fail [elect 

Choisir, vei. io*choose,*piek out, 
Choi.T, sm. choice, option 
Chomable, 2. a. to be kept as a 

holiday 
Chftmage, sm. respite, rest 
Cboiner, r to* keep holiday, to 

wnvt work, rest from work 
Chopiiie, sf. FYench half-pint^ 
English pint 



CKV 



CIN 



CIS 



39 



Chopiner, r«. to tipple 
Clioquaiii, e. a. thocldtig; ojj'cv- 

stve 
(.ijoquer, V. to * shocks offnid, * 

dash.* clash, to * touch glasses 
Se — , vr. Lo ■" take o*Jcnce, abuse 

one another, * clash, * strike, 

engiige 
Clioi ibte, sm. churisV r 
Ciiorogtaphie, sf. — phy 
Chorogiaphique, 2. a. — phical 
Chorus, laire chorus, lo * sing 

together, * make chorus 
ChO!;e, 5/. thing 
Chou, sm. cabbage; cole-wort; 

puff paste 
Chou-fleur, cauliflower 
Choucas, STO. a jackdaw 
Chouette, sf. screech-owl; langh- 

ing-sU)ck; play of one person 

against two 
Chouquet, sm. moor^s head 
Choyer, va. to cocker; to * take 

great care of 
Chreme, sm. chrism 
Chremeai, chri.'sm cloth 
Chr6lien, ne. a. s. christian 
Chr6tiennement, ad. christianly 
Chretient6, sf. Christendom 
CHRIST, sm. CHRIST 
Christiatiisriie, chri.'-tianity 
Chroniaiique, 2. a. sf. —tic 
Clironique, sf. Hironicle 

, 2. a. chronical 

Clironi«iueur, sm. a writer of 

chronicles 
Chroiiogranime, — gram 
Chrouolofiie, sf. — logy 
Clin)nologique,2. a —gicil 
Chronologiste, sm. —gist 
CJironoIogue, — logcr 
Chrysalide, .«/. rhry.orlis 
Chrj'socolle, chrysocol, lorux 
Chrysolite, —Uie 
Chu, part, fallen down [row 

Cliuchet^r, vn. to pip as a ?par- 
CliiichotK^r. vn. to whisper 
Chucholteric, .?/. whispering 
Cliuchoteiir. ge. .•?. whisperer 
Chiitl int. hufh! 
Cliiite, sf. fall, cisnsler, cadevre. 
— I^a chute cles feuilles, av- 
tunln.— line chute d'liumeuis, 
a drflvriov 
Cl5y|p, sm. the chyle 



Chymie, &c. vid. Chiniie, &c. 

Ci, ud. hire 

(-i-devaut, heretofore 

Ci-fipics, hereafter 

Ci-desi;ous, under here 

C i-dcssus, aforesaid 

Cilioire, sm. a pyx, box, cvp 

Ciboule, .<r/. scullion, chibbot 

Cibouloite, chives 

Cicatrice, a scar 

Cicatricule, little scar 

Cicatriser, va. cicatrize, gash 

Cicero, pica, (printing type) 

Cid, sm. an Arabian chief 

Cidre, cider 

Ciel, sm. sky, heaven, canopy 

Ciel de lit, tester, top of a bed 

Des ciels de lit; bed testers 

Cierge, sm. a wax taper 

Cieux, sm. pi. ciel for its singw 
lar, heavens 

C\ga]e,sf. chirping kind of grass- 
hopper 

- — de mer, a kind of sea craw- 
fish 

Cigogne, sf. a stork 

Cigogneau, sf. a young stork 

Cigue, sf. hemlock 

Cii, sm. eyelashes 

Cilice, sm. hair-cloth 

Ciilcnieiit, twinkling of the eyes 

Ciller, va. to twinkle, wink 

Cinie, sf. the top, ridge, height 

Ciinent, sm. ennent, union 

Cinieuter, va. to cement 

CiiTi(;iitier, sw/. cernent-viukir 

Cinietcrre, a civut(r 

Cimetiere, a churchyard 

Cimier, crest, buttock 

Ciniier do ceif, haunch of veni- 
son 

Ciiijilire, cinnabar; red lead 

Cintraire, (unie,) sf. urn in- 
clvdivg aihts 

Cin^ratioii, —tion 

i "inglnge, .'.•7;/ . .ship's envrst ; Insh 

Cingler, vn to fail bifvre the 
icind, lo In.'^h, * cut 

Ciminiiionie, .-m. cinnamon 
Cir.q, a svi.fv 

Cinquaiilaiue, sf. fifty 

Ciiiquniile. 2 a J fly 
Citiquaiitenicr, svi. nnimandei 
of fifty nun 

Ciiiqu'ailtitfne 2. a. fiftieth 



Cinquitnio, 2. a. sm. fifth 

denier, fottr shillings in 

the pound 
Ciiiquiemtmeiit, ad. fifthly 
Cintrage, S7n. the cords which ei- 

titer encircle or tie a ship 
Cititre, an arch, centre 
Cintrer, va. to * make arch-wise 
Cippe, .^»i. cippus 
Ciragc, waxing 
Circoiiciif, va. to circumcise 
Circoncist iir, sm. eircumciser 
Circoncit-ion, sf. circumcision 
Ciconfereiice, circumference 
Circonf1exe,2. a. circumflex [tion 
Circoiik (nlic.il, sf. circumlocu- 
Circoiigcriptioii, circumscription 
Circonf-criie, ra. to circumscribe 
Circonspect, e- a. circumspect 
Circonspection, sf. circumspec- 
tion 
Circonslance, circumstance 
Circonstanccs, & dependences, 

appurtenances 
Circonstancicr, va. to relate a 

thing with its' circumstances 
Circonvallation, sf. circumvalla- 

tion 
Circoiivenir, va. lo circumvent^ 

deceive 
Circonvention, .«•/. deceit 
Circor.Yoisin, e. a. neighbouring 
Circonvolution, sf. circumvolu- 
tion 
Circuit, sm. circuit, ambit; dis- 
trict, con'pass 
( iiculaire, 2. a. circular; round 
Ciirulairf n;eiU, ad. circularly 
Circulateur, sm. —tor 
Ciiculaticin, .</. —tion 
Cirriilalniie, 2. a. —latory 
Circulcr, vn. to circulate 
Cire, s/. wax, sunt, seal; shoe- 

llack 
— 6' V^i^i^we, sealing wax 
Cirer, ru. to wax 
Ciricr, sm waxchnrdler 
Ciron, II handuorvi; little blister 
Ciiure, .</ wax jlnstcring 
Ciiqiie, svi. cirevs 
( iiuie, tf. waxing 
CiFjiillit, ffi.fo * I lip, * shear 
CisnilUg, ,sf. ,«/iffl7vf, clippings 
Cita'f inr,«.j,7J ihi."- ."ide the Alps 
Cif(nu,.<;wi. cAiVf/. graver 



40 



CLA 



Ciseaus, pi. scissors 
Ciseler, va. to chase, curve 
Ciselet, sm. a graver 
Ciseleur, chaser, pinker 
Ciselure, sf. chasing, carxir.g 
Citadelle, a citadel 
Citadin, e. a. s. citizen 
Citation, sf. —tion, summons 
Cit6, a city, a totrn 
Citer, va. cite, quote, summon, 

name 
Ciierieur, e. a. citerior; hither 
theme, sf. a cistern 
Ciiise, sm. citisus 
Citoyen, tie. s. a citizen 
Citriii, e. a. lemon-coloured 
Citron, sm. citron, lemon 
Citronnat, candied orange, or 

lemon 
Citronre, e. a. that has the taste 

(f lemon 
Ciuonnelle, sf balm gentle 
Citronnier, sm. a lemon-tree 
Citrouillc, sf. pumpion, gourd 
Cive, kind of onion 
Civet, sm. hare-ragoo 
C\\ene,sf.chiTer;civet-cat;civet 
Civierc, a hand-barrow 
Civil, e. a. civtl, udl-bred 
Civilement, ad. civilly, kindly 
Civilisation, sf. — lation 
Civiliser, ra. to civilize 
Civility, sf. civility, courtesy 
Civi]it6s, pi. respects 
Civique, a. f. civic 
Clabaud, 5m. liar; noisy fellow 
Clabaudage, barking of dogs 
Ciabauder, vn. to bark; bawl 
Clabauderie, sf. clamour 
Clabaudeur, se. s. noisy man, or 

woman, a bawler 
Claie, sf. a hurdle 
Clair, e. a. clear; light; thin; 

bright; plain 
, ad. clearly; plainly; clear; 

plain 

; 577!. shi7ie, light 

de lune, moonshine 

Clairement, ad. clearly; plainly 
"lairet, te. a. reddish ' 
Claire-voie, sf. rails in a park 
Clairiere, glade in a wood 
Clairon, sm. clarion 
Clair-sein6, e. a. thin sown; thin, 

scarce 



CLA 

Clair-voyance, sf. sagacity; pc- 

nitration 
Clair-voyant, e. a- clear-si<;hted 
Clameui, sf. clanwvr, outcry 

de haio, citation before the 

judge 
Clan, 5771. a tribe (in Scotland) 
Clandestln, e. a. clandestine 
Clar.destinement, ad. — nely 
Ci'andestinite, sf. privacy 
Clapet, sm. the sucker of a pump 
Clapier, covey-burrow; rabbit; 

a tame rabbit 
Clapir, vn. to squeak 
Be — , vr. to * lie squat 
Claque, sf. afap, clog 
Claquedent, nn. a half starved 

wretch, chatterer 
Claquement, clapping, chatter- 
ing 
Claquemurer, va. to * put in 

prison 
Claqueoreille, svi.fapt hat 
Claquer, vn. to * clap, * snap; 

chatter 
Claquet, 5771. mill-clapper; chat 
Clarification, sf. clarifying 
Clarifier, va. to clarify 
Se — , vr. to * grow clear 
Cl.^rine, sf. a bell for the neck 

of animals 
Clarinette, clarinet 
Clarie, clearness; light; splen- 
dour 
Cias. sm. knell; passing bell 
Classe, sf. class; order; form; 

school 
Classeuient, 5771. disposition, or- 
der 
Classer, va to dispose, to levy 
Classique, 2. a. classic 
Claude, a. foolish, simple 
Claudication, sf. lameness 
Claveau, sm the rot, scab 
Clavel6c, sf. th^ scab 
Clavel^, e. a. scabby 
Clavessin, ou Clavecin, sm. 

harpsichord 
Clavette, sf. a key; peg 
Clavicule, the collar-bone 
Clavier, sm. a key-chain; the 

keys of an organ, iSc. 
Clause, sf. clause, proviso 
Claustral, e. a. claustrul; mo- 
nastic 



CLO 

Clayon, sm. Utile hurdle 
Clayonage, a fence made with 

hurdles and turfs 
Cle, clef. sf. a key, cltf 
Clemence, clemency 
Clement, e. a. clement 
Clementines, sf. pi. the consti 

tvticn ef Pope Clement V. 
Ckpsydre, «7i hour-glass 
Clerc, sm. chrk, clergyman 
Cleige, chrry, churehman 
Clerical, e. a. clerical 
Ciericalemcnt, ad. clergyman- 
like 
C16ricature, sf, clerkship; state 

of a clergyman 
Client, e. s. a client 
Clientele, sf. protection, patron 

age 
Cli^mment, stti. winking 
Cliiincmussette, sf. hide and seek 
Cijgner les yeux, va. to wink 
Clignotciteiit, sm. winking 
Clignoter, vn. to wink often 
Climat, 5177. climate, clime 
Climaterique, 2. a. clii.iacterie 
Clin d'oeil, sm. the twinkling oj 

an eye 
Clincaille, sf. hard-ware; bast 

coin 
Clincaillerie, iron-ware 
Clincaillier, e. .s. ironmonger 
Clinquant, sm. tinsel 
Clique, 5/. gang, party 
Ciiqueter, vn. to dark 
Cliquetis, sm. clashing ff swords 
Cliquettes, 5/. snoppen; clapper 
Clissc, little hurdle; splint 
CVisi-or, va. to * make hurdles; 

splii'it 
Cloaque, sm. common sewer; f I 

thy place 
Cloche, sf. a bell, blister, stevf 

ivg-pan 
Cinchement, sw. hopping 
Clocher, sleeplc; parish 

, vn. to limp, hobble 

Clochetle, sf. hand-bell, bell- 
flower 
Cloison, partition 
Cloifonage, sm partition-work 
Cloitre, a cloister 
Cloitrer, va. to cloister up; im- 
mure 
Cloitrier, sm. claustral monk 



coc 



COI 



COL 



41 



Clopin-colpat, ad. hohlUng a- 

long 
Clopiner, va. to hobble along 
Cloporte, sm. a woodlouse 
Cloporteux, se. a. very rough 
Clorre, va. to enclose^ close 
Clos, sm. a close 

, e. a. closed, close, shvt 

Closeau, sin. small close 
Clossemont, clucking 
Closser, vn. to cluck 
Cloture, sf. an enclosure 
Clou, sjn. nail; a bile; clove; stud 
Clous de giiotie, cloccs 
Clou a crochet, tcntcr-kook 
Ciouer, va. to nail 
Cloutcr, va. to stud 
Clouterie, sf. nail trade 
Cloutier, sm. a nailer 
CJouliere, sf. nail mould 
Club, sm. a club, society 
Clubiste, member of a club 
Clystere, a clyster 
Coaccus6, accused with, one or 

several persons 
Coacervation, sf. — tion 
Coactif, ve. a. coercive 
Coaction, sf. coercion 
Coadjuteur, sm. a coadjutor 
Coadjulorerie, sf. —torship 
Coadjutrice, coadjutrix 
Coagulation, a. congealing 
Coaguler, va. coagulate, curd 
Cobalt, sm. cobalt 
Cocagne, sm. pays de cocagne, 

a land of milk and honey 
Cocarde, sf. cockade 
Cocasse, 2. a. odd, comical 
Cocatrix, sm. cockatrice 
Cochc, sm. caravan, large coach 

d'eau, a passage-boat 

, sf. notch, old sow; fat ill- 
shaped icoman 
Cocheinar, sm. night-mare 
Cochenille, sf. cochineal 
Cochenillier, sm cochineal tree 
Cocher, a coachman 
Cocher, va. to * tread 
Cochet, sm. a cockerel 
Cochon, a hog, a pig 

d'inde, sm. guinea-pig 

Cochonnee, */. litter of pigs 
Cochoiiner, vn. to furrow j 

Coclionnerie, sf. Jilthiness I 

Cochonnct, stn. jack at bowls \ 



Coco, cocoa 

Cocon, the cod of a silk- worm 
Cocotier, a cocoa-tree 
Coctioii, sf. coction, digestion 
Cocu, sm. cuckold 
Cocuage, cuckoldom 
Cocufier, va. to horvify 
Code, sm. code, codrz 
Codecimaieur, partner in tithes 
Codiciliaire, 2. a. contained in a 

codicil 
Codicille, sm. codicil 
Codille (gagiier,) vn. to icin 
Codonataire, 2. a. he or she to 
whom a thing is given jointly 
with another person 
Co-6iat, sm. divided â– sovereignty 
t^oegal, e. a. co-equal 
Coercitif, ve. a. coercive 
Co6rcition, sf. coercion 
Coeternel, le. a. co-eternal 
Coeteriiite, sf. —nity 
Coeveque, sm. co-bishop 
Coeur, the heart; courage 
Coexistence, sf. —ce 
Coexister, vn. to co-exist 
Coffin, sm. small neat basket 
Coft're, sm. chest, trunk, box, cof- 
fer, coffin, belly of a lute 

fort, strong box 

Coffrer, va. to * put in gaol 
C'oft'ret, sf. a little chest; trunk 
Coffretior, a trunk-maker 
Cognasse, sf. wild rjuince 
Cognassier, sm. quince-tree 
Cognat, kinsman 
Cognation, sf. — tion, kindred 
Cogne-fetu, sm. a trijlcr 
Cognee, sf. a hatchet, axe 
Cogner, va. to * drive in, beat, 

knock 
Cohabitation, sf. — tion 
Cohabiter, vn. to cohabit 
Coherence, sf. coherence 
Colv'-ent, e. a. united 
Coheritier,e.s. co-Aerr, co-heiress 
Cohesion, sf. cohesion 
Cohober, va. to thicken, forti- 
fy 
Cohorte, sf. cohort, company 
Cohue, a rout, crowd 
Coi, e. a- still, quiet 
Coiffe, sf. coif, hood 

— de nuit, night-cap 

— d'une perruque, &c. caul 



Colffc de chapeau,Z27i87i^ of a hat 
Cuiiter, va. to dress one's head; 

* stop a bottle 
Se coiOcr de, vr. to * be fondly 
attached to 

Se , to * get drunk 

^e de quclqu'uii d'une opi- 
nion, to * be prepossessed for 
somebody, an. opinion 
Coi&ur, se. s. milliner; hair- 
dresser 
Coifture, sf. a head-dress 
(-'bin, sm. corner, wedge, coins, 
die; lock of a wig; clock of a 
stocking 
Coincidence, sf. coincidence 
Coincider, vn. to coincide 
Coing, sm. a quince 
Col, ou con, neck; defile; strait 

, a stock 

Colere,s/. anger, wrath, passion^ 
e holer 

, 2. a. passionate 

Coleret, sm. sort of net 
Colerique, 2. a. choleric 
Colibri, sm. hummingbird 
Coliticht't, gewgaw toy 
Colin-maillard, blindman's but 
Colique, .â– ?/. a colic 
Colisee, sm. colisamm 
Collateral, e. a. — ral 
Collateur, sm. —tor, patron 
Collatif, ve. a. —tive 
Collation, sf. — tion, advowson 
, eiftemuon's luncheon, tea- 
drinking 
Collationiicr, va. to collate 
— , to * eat between dinner and 

supper, to * drink tea 
Colle, sf. paste, glue, size 

de poisson, isinglass 

(bourde) sham 

Collecti!, collect,, gathering 
Collecteur, sm. a collector 
Collectif, a. s. in. collective 
Collection, sf. — tion 
Colk'ctivt'nient, ad. —vely 
C'-'l legal aire, a. s. collegatory 
College, sm. college 
Collegial, e. a. cullegiate 
Colleguc, sm. colleague, fellow 
Coller, va. to paste, glue 

du vin, to clarify wine with 

isinglass 
Se , vr. to lie close, cake 



42 



COM 



COM 



COM 



Collerettc, sf. uomuii'd ncck- 

handerchiej 
Collet, sm. coilar; ^nare; neck 
of lilt at 

, ciipt; vcck; hand; gin 

Collct-iiioiiie, ujjcct' d 
Colleter, va- to collar; * sttaritis 
Collier, sm. necklace.^ collar 
CoUiger, vn. to collect, infer 
Colliiie, .-/. a hUl 
Collisioii, —nion 
Collocaiioii, — lion 
VoWoque, sm.colluquy,conf/rcnce 
Colloquer, va. to place in orUtr 
Colluder, vn. to collude, juggle 
Collusion, )ff. juggling 
Collusoire, 2. a. —tory 
Collusoiiemeiit, ad. —sorily 
Collyro, sm. — nam, eye-salve 
Colombage, row of pillars 
Colon] be, sf. a dove 
Colombier, sm. a dove-house 
Coloinbin, e. u. columbine 
Colon, sm. a planter^ colore 
Colonel, a colonel 
Colonelle, sf. the colonel's com- 
pany 
Colonic, a colony, plantation 
Colonode, colon adc 
Colonne, a column, pillar 
Colonaesd'un lit. bed-^o.-^ts 
Colopbane, rosin, hard rosin 
Coloijuinte, coloquintida 
Colorer, va. to colour; dye, dis- 
guise., cloke 
Colorier, to varnish 
Colori:;, sm. colouring, complex- 
ion 
Coloristo, a culourist 
Colos.*al, o. a gigantic 
( 'olo.'^se, sm cohijsu.t 
Colportage, hairJur's trade 
C'r)iiK)rttT, ha. to hatck acout 
<'<!|jM)rteiir, sm a hiicktr 
Coliire, coluri, colure 
< 'on)a, comma 

Coinatiux, se. a. soporifcrou-f 
Combat, sin. a fght. battle 
ConibatiaiU, a coi/tliaUtmt 
C(jnibatlre, v. to * fght, combat, 

oppugn, contnid iciih 
Conibieis, ad. how much; how 

many 
— , sm. price 
— — que, altliovgh 



I Combinaison, sf. combination 
Combiner, va. to combine 
Comble, 2. a. heaped 
Comble, sm. the top,luigh.t, tim- 
ber-work of a roof 
Cciiibleau, cordage of a cannon 
Combler, va. heap up; load one; 

Jill 
Comblette, sf. cleft, or parting 

in a stag's fool 
Cc.nibriert, a large net 
Combuger des fuiailles, va. soak 

a cask 
Combustible, 2. a. —ble 
Combustion, sf. —tion, tumults 
Couiedie, a play; play-house; 

shamming; sport 
Comedien, sm. an actor; dissem- 
bler 
Com6dipnne, sf. actress 
Comestible, 2. a. eatable, s. eat- 
ables 
Comete, sf. a comet 
Cornices, sm. pi. comitia 
Coinique, 2. a. comical 
Comiquement, ad. comically 
Comite, s?n. officer of a galley 
Comiie, a committee 
Comitial, e. a. comilial 
Connnandant, sm. commander 
C()mmandement,co7nwta7td; com- 
mandment 
Commander, va. to command, 

order, * bid, * bespeak 
Commanderie, sf. commandery 
Conmiandeur, sm. commander 

of an order 
Commariuiie, (societe on,) sleep- 
ing partmr.'^hip 
Cfimme, ad. as, like, almost 

v.. as, whereas 

Comniomoiation, sf. —tion 
( <imm<'i:canl, e. s. beginner 
(.'ommencemiMit, sm. beginning 
( ommencer, v. to * begin 
Commendataire, a. sm —tory 
ConiPitnde, sf. commcndam 
Ciimmt;nsal, a. m. messmate, 

eating at the sujne tahle 
Commensalilt, tf. —lily, fd- 

loicship of table 
Commensurabilite, —Hty 
Commensuiable, 2. a. —ble 
Commnil, ad. how, why 
Conuncntaire, sm. comment 



Commentaieur, — tutor 

Commenter, va. to comment, to 
romance 

Commer, va. to * make compari- 
sons 

Commcrf able, 2. a. negociaile, 
commercial.— BiUei coumier- 
cable, a good, a safe bill 

Comuiercant, e. truaing 

Commercant, sm. trader, mer- 
chant 

Commerce, sm. — ce; trade; iw 
tercourse 

Commercer, vn. to trade 

Commercial, e. a. cial 

Commere, sf. a gossip 

Commettant, sm. trustee; consti 
tuent 

Commettrc, va. to commit; cp 
point; expose 

Se , expose, or venture one's 

self 

Ciimmination, sf. threatening 

Coniminaloire, 2. a. —tory ; 
threatening 

Comuiis, sm. clerk, deputy, com- 
missioner 

Connnise, sf. forfeiture 

Commiseration, — tion, pity 

Conuiiissaire, sm. commissary; 
commissioner; overseer 

— de guerre, mnsttr-master 

— de police, justice of Uie peace 
Commission, sf. commission; 

mess age 

Commissionaire, sm. factor; an 
errand mShi 

Commodai, loan 

Commode. 2. a. commodious; con 
renient; good natured {era 

— , sf. a commode; chest of draw- 

Conuiiodement, ad. convcnitnt- 
iy; comfortably 

C<inmn)due, sf conreniency 

Commodites, pi. the iieccssary 

, d'une maison, accommoda- 
tion 

Commotion, sf. commotion 

Conanuer, va. to commute; mi- 
tigate 

Con.mun, e. a. common; usual; 
ntrc.n; public 

Conununaute, sf. community; 
corpuration 

Ccmmune, */. corporation 



COM 



COM 



COM 



43 



Doramunes, inhubituvis of vil- 
lages; covivwn pasture; the 
house of commons 
Coiiumiiienieiit, ad. coninwvly 
— pailaMt, gcnirally speaking 
Cfmiiuuniftii!, e. s. communicant 
Comhiiinicable, 2. a. —Lit; easy 

of access 
CoiiiiJiuiiicatif, ve. a. —live 
Coriiimiiiication, .<;/. —tion; in- 
tercourse; sociity 
CoirniKUiier, r. to receive, or ad- 

viivi^tcr the sacrament 
Coniiiiunion, sf. — nion; fcllotc- 

ekip; the Lord" s supper 
Comiminiqucr, va. to communi- 
cate; to* have correspondence; 
to produce 
Se — , V. a. to * be sociable 
Commutatif, ve. a- —tive 
Commulaiion, sf. —tion 
Compacite, closeness 
Conipacte, 2. a. compact, close 
Compagne, sf. a female compan- 
ion; consort 
Compagnie, company 
Compagiion, sm. companion; 
journeyman; fellow; partner 
Compagnnnnge, jourveymanship 
Comparable, 2. a. —ble; like 
Comparaison, sf. comparison 
Comparaiit, e. a. s. appearing 
Comparaiif, vc. a. — live 
Comparaiivement, ad. — lively 
Comparer,»a. to compare; confer 
Se — a, to vie with 
Coniparoir, vn. to* make one's 

appearance 
Coiiiparoitre, to* make one's ap- 
pearance 
roriipaitiment, sm. compart- 
ment; plot in a garden 
Compartir, va. to cornpnrt 
Conipartiteur, sm. —titor 
Comparulion, sf. appearance 
Compas, sm. compasses 

de cordoimior, sin 

dn nicr, compass 

de proportion, sector 

Coinpasstniont, the measuring 

with cornpa-'ises 
Compasser, va. to measure; to 

proportion; order well 
Coniim>F€k, e. a. starched; for- 
ma'.; affrctcd 



Compassion, sf. compassion; i 

pity 
Compatibility, — lity 
Compatible, 2. a. —bU \ 

Compaiir, vn. to commiserate ; 
suit; * bear with [ate 

Compatissaiit, e. a. compassion- 
Compatriote, 2. s. one's country- 
man, or country-woman 
Compendium, sm. — dium 
Compensation, sf. —tion 
Compenser, va. to compensate 
Comp^rage, sm. the being god- 
father or god-mother 
Comptre, a gossip, jovial fel- 
low; arch-blade 
Ccmp6teniment, ad. competent- 
ly; enough 
Competence, sf. competence; 

competition; jurisdiction 
Comp6tent, e. a. competcrit; jit 
Computer, vn. to belong 
Comjietiteur, sm. competitor; 

rival 
Competitrice, sf. —titrix: rival 
Compilateur, sm. compiler 
Compilation, sf. —tion 
Compiler, va. to con)pile; collect 
Compitales, sf.pL Roman feasts 
in honour of the domestic gods 
Complaignant, e. s. plaintiff 
Complainte, .if. complaint 
Complaire, vn. to please; to hu- 
mour 
Se — , vr. to delight in; solace 

one's self 
Complaisance, sf. —sance; com- 
placency 
Complaisant, e. a. s. — sant; ci- 
vil; iin complaisant, a flatterer 
Complant, sm. vineyard [Src. 
Comi)lanter, va. to plant vines, 
Complement, sm. —ment 
Complel, e. a. complete, perfect 

, sm. ciimplctencss 

Completement, ad. — tely 
(onipl^ier, va. to complete 
rVnnplexe, 2. a. complex 
Complexion, .of. — jion; consti- 
tution; temper; huwottr 
Con)pUxionn6, e. a. tempered 

(ill 07- well) 
Coniplicntion, sf. — tion 
Complice, 2. a. s. complice; ac 
complice 



Complicite, sf. the being an ac- 
complice 
Complies, sf.pl. evening prayers 
Compliment, sm. — ment; cere- 
mony 
Coniplimentaire, frst partner 

in a trading society 
Complimenter, va. to compli- 
went; to Jiutitr [wcnter 

Complinieiiteur, se. s. compli- 
Complique, e. a. complicate 
Complol, sm. a pht; con.^piracy 
Compioter, v. to plot; conspire 
CompoDction, sf. remorse 
C'omportement, sm. demeanour 
Comporter, va. to allow of,* bear 
Se — , va. to behave; act 
Compos6, sm. a compound, o. iin 
air con)pose, a sedate counte- 
nance 
Composer, va. to compose; to 

compound 
Composer des almanacs, to * be 
star-gazing [looks 

Se composer, vr. to fashion one's 
Composeur, sm. a paltry writer 
Composite, 2. a. composite 
Compositeur, sm. a composer {in 

music;) a compositor 
Composition, sf. composition, 

agreement 
Composteur,sm. a composing or 

setting stick 
Compote, sf. slewed fr-uit, <S-c. 
Comprehensible, 2. a.— ble 
Comprehension, sf. —sion 
Comprendre, ra. to comprehend 
Comprcsse, sf. rontprrss, bolster 
Com jiressibi lilt, cvniprcssurc 
Compressible, 2. a. —ble 
Compression, sf. —sion, pressure 
Comprimer, va to compi-ess 
Compromettre, v. to compromise, 

to expose 
Compromis, sm. compromise 
Comptable, 2. a. s. accountable 
Comptant, aigenl, comptant, 

ready-miney 
Compte, sm. account; value 
Compte borgne, odd money; 
suspicious oicount 

rond, eveii niovry 

Conipter, va. lo count, settle ac- 
counts ; charge; purpose; 
reckon; value 



44 



COX 



cox 



CON 



Compter, en. to dcpena on 
L'oiiipieur, sni. accoiaptant 
Comptoir, counter; counting- 

liu use; factory; bar of a p^- 

Lc house 
Coiijpuiritr, ca. to compel 
l.'oiUi*u!s,iiiu, sm. a warraiU 
Coiiipal, computation of tune 
Couipuiiblo, — list 
Couile, s.n. a count, an earl 
Couile, county, earldom 
Ccraut'sse, sf. a countess 
Coiicasicr, oa. to pound 
Concave, -2. a. sm. concave 
Coiicavite, sf. coHcaciiy 
Coiiceder, ca. to grant, yield 
Coaceiilratioii, sf. — tion 
CouceiitrtT, ca. to concenter 
Concenl(i(iue, «. a. — trie 
Conce])liuii, sf. —tion; breedimr; 



Concluanl, e. a. concluding; 

conomcing 
Couclurre, va. to conclude; in- 
fer; C'incince 
Coiiclusion, sf. —sion; issue 

ad. in short; Ic conclude 

Conclusions, pi. demands; opin- 
ion 
, Concoction, sf. —tion 
. Concoaibre, sm. cucumber 
I Concomitance, ,«/. —tance 
I Concomitant, e. a. —taut 
I Concordance, sf. agreement; con- 
I cor dance 

I Concordant, e. a. — dant 
I Concordat, sm. concordate; com- 
j pact; agreement 
Concorde, sf. concord; union 
I Concourir, vn. to concur; to * 



put in for 
une'conceplion louide, a dui/lConcours, sm. concurrence; con- 
genius } course 
Concernant, pr. concerning Concret, e. a. concrete 
Conccrner, va. to relate to; con- 1 Concretion, sf. — tion 
cern I Concubine, kept mistress 



Concert, 5771. concert; consent 
Concerter, va. to concert; try 
Concerte, e. a. starched; affect- 
ed 
Concession, sf. a grant 
Concession naire, sm. a grantee 
Concetti, sm. false wit 
Conceviri»le, -. a. conceivable 
Concevoir, va. to conceive; to * 

breed; to Word 
ConclR', sf. garb; state 
Conchyliologic, sf. —gy; con- 
cern mg skills 
Concierge, '2. s. housekeeper of a 

palace; keeper of a prison 
Conciergerie, sf. a keeper's place 
Conciie, sm. council 
Conciliabule, concenliclc 
Conciliant, e. a. reconciling 
Conciliatt ur, rice. s. reconciler 
Conciliation, .«/. reconcilement 
Concilier, va. 10 reconcile; gain 
Concis, e. a. conci-^e, short 
Concision, ,*/. conciseness 
Conciloyon, sm. ftllow-citizen; 

countryman; comburgess 
Conclaniation, sf. —tion 
Conclave, sm. conclave 
Conclaviste, attendant on a car- 
dinal during a conclave 



Concupiscence, —cence, lust 
Concupiscible, 2. a. —ble 
Concurreinnient, ad. in competi- 
tion; jointly 
Concurrence, sf. —ce; competi- 
tion [val 
Concurrent, e. 5. competitor; ri- 
Concnssion, sf. exaction 
Concussionnaire, sm. exactor 
Condamnable, 2. a. condcmnablc 
Condainnalion,^/. condemnation 
Condainner, va. to condemn; to 

blame 
Condensation, sf. — tion 
Condenser, va. to condense 
Condescendance, sf. —dcnce 
Coniiescendant, e. a. —ding 
Condescendre, vn. to condescend, 

to * bear with 
Condisciple, sm. school-fellow 
Condition, sf. — tion; service; 

proffer 
Condilionn6, e. a. merchantable 
Conditionnel, le. conditional 
Conditionneilement, ad. condi- 
tionally 
Conditionner, va. to article; to 

* make well 
Condol6ance, sf. condolence 
iCoodouloir, vn. to condole 



Conducteur, sm. conductor ; 

guide; tutor 
Conductricc, 5/. conductress 
Conduire, va. to conduct; steer; 

* drive; convey 
Se conduire, vr. to behove 
Conduit, sm. a conuuit pipe 
— do la respiration, icind-pipe 
Conduitc',*/. conduct; behaviour; 

care 
Cojidyle, sm. a prominence of 

the articulations 
Cone, a cone 
Conlabulateur, tale-teller 
Conlabulation, sf. — lion 
Contabuler, vn. to confabulate 
Confection,*/, an electuary 
Coniederaliou, confederacy 
Se contoderer, vr. to confederate 
Contederos, sm.pl. confede^rateSy 

allies 
Conference, sf. — rence; com 

parison 
Conferer, v. to confer, admit 
Conteiise, sf. confession 
Coufesser, va. to confess; own 

Se , vr. to confess to a priest 

Contesseur, sm. confesscrr 
Confession, sf. confession 
Contessioaal, sm. confessional 
Contiance, sf. confidence; trust 
Contiant, e. o. sanguine; eonfi 

dent 
Contidemment, ad. confidently 
Contidence, sf. trusting; inti 

macy 
Contident, e. s. a confidant 
Contidentiaire, sm. who holds ir 

trust 
Conlier, va. to intrust 
Se — , vr. to confide in 
Contiguration, sf. —tion 
Con liner, va. to confine; border 

upon 
CouJins, sm. pi. confines 
Contire, va. to preserve, pickle 

unc peau, to dress a skin 

Contirmatit", ve. a. confirmatory 
Contiiniation, sf. —linn 
t'ontirmer, va. to confirm 

Se , vr. to strengthen ane't 

self; to * be confirmed 
Conliscable, 2. a. —ble; forfeit 
able [ure 

Coiifiscant, e. a,, liable to forfeit- 



Confiscaiion, sf. — tion, forfeit- 
ure 
Coufiseur, sm. confectioner 
Confisquer, va. to confiscate 
Confitures, sf. pi. conjits, sweet- 
meats 
Contiturier, sm. confectioner 
Conflagration, sf. —tton 
Conrtit, sin. contention, conflict 
Confluent, conflux, confluence 
Confoiidre, va. to confound 
Confirmation, sf. —tion 
Conforme, ii. a. conformable 
Conrorniement, ad. conformably 
Conforiner, va- to conform 
Contbrniiste, 2. s. conformist 
Conformite, sf. — mity, union, 

likeness 
Contort, sm. comfort, aid 
Conlbrtatif, vc. a. corroborative; 

comfortable 
Confortation, sf. corroboration 
Conforter, va. to invigorate 
Confraternite, ContVerie, sf. 

brolkerliood; society 
Confr6re, sm. brotker, fellow 
Confrontation, sf. confronting, 

comparing 
ContVonter, va. to confront, to 

compare 
Conlud, e. a. confused, out of 

countenance 
Confus6nient, ad. confusedly 
Confusion, sf. confusion; super- 
abundance; disorder; skame 
Confutation, sf. — tion 
Con;|i;, leave; discharge; warn- 
ing; play-day 
Congtdier, va. to dismiss 
Congelation, sf. —tion 
Congeler, va. to congeal; * freeze 
Coni^ostion, sf. —tion, mass 
Conglutination, —tion 
Conglutinor, va. to glue 
Congratulation, sf. — tion 
Congralnler, va. to congratulate 
Congrc, sm. a conger 
Congreganiste, a person belong- 
ing to a congregation 
Congregation, sf. —tion 

dfs lideles, the universal 

church 
Congres, sm. congress 
Congru, e. a. congruous; compe- 
tent 



CON 

Congiuement, ad. exactly 
Congruent, e. a. congruent 
Congruite, sf. congruity 
Conjectural, e. a. — ral 
Conjecturalement, ad. by guess 
Conjecture, sf. conjecture, guess 
Conjecturer, va. to conjecture 
Conjectureur, sm. conjecturer 
Conifere, 'I. a. coniferous 
Conjoindre, va. to conjoin 
Conjoints, sm. pi. husband and 

wife (in law) 
Conjointemcnt, ad. jointly 
Conjonctif, ve. a. conjunctive 
Conjonction, sf. conjunction 
Conjonctive, a conjunction 
Con^oixcinre, juncture 
Conjonissancc, congratulation 
Conique, 2. a. conical 
Conjugaison, sf. conjugation 
Conjugal, e. a. conjugal 
Conjngalement, ad. —gaily 
Conjuguer, va. to conjugate 
Conjurateur, sm. con.-<pirator, 

onjurer 

Conjuration, sf. — tion, conspi- 
racy 
Conjurations, pi. entreaties 
Coiijuriis, sm.pl. conspirators 
Conjurer, va. to conspire; to 

conjure; to entreat 
Connctable, sm. a constable 

, sf. constable's wife 

Connctablie, constable's juris- 
diction 
Connexe, 2. a. connected 
Connfixion, sf. connexion 
Connexilo, connexion, relation 
Connil, sm. a coney, rabbit 
Coiiniller, vn. to shift; to play 

loose 
Connivence, sf. connivance 
Conniver, vn. to connive at; * 

wink at 
Connoissable, 2. a. knowable 
Connoissance, af. knowledge, 
cognizance, acquaintance; 
judgment 
Co;inoi!5sances, pi. learning 
Connoisseincnt, sm. bill of lad- 
ing 
Connoisseur, se. s. connoisseur 
Connoitre, va. lo*know,account; 

* take cognizance of 
Conque sf. a conch, shell 



CON 



45 



Conque marine, trumpet 
Conqu6rant, sm. a conqueror 
Conquerir, va. to conquer; svA 

due 
Conquele, sf. conquest 
Consacrant, a. sm. a bishop who 
ordains a person named to a 
biihoprick; a priest who says 
mass 
Consacrer, va. to consecrate; to 

devote; adopt; ordain 
Se consacrer, vr. to devote one's 

self 
Consanguin, sm. brother on the 

father's side 
Consanguinite, sf. — nity 
Conscience, conscience 
Consciencieusement, conscienti- 
ously 
Consciencieux, se. a. conscien- 
tious 
Consecratenr, sm. — crator 
Consecration, sf. — tion 
Consiiculif, ve. a. — tiv 
Conseculivement, ad. —tively 
Conseil, sm. counsel; council; 

resolution; advice 
Conseiller, e. s. counsellor; ad- 
viser 
Conseiller, va. to counsel, advise 
Consentant, e. a. consenting 
Consontement, sm. consent 
Consentir, vn. to consent 
Conso(iuennnent,rt(Z. consequent- 
ly; accordingly 
Consiiquence, sf. consequence, 

precedent 
Consequent, sm. consequent 
Conservatcur, preserver 
Conservation, sf. —tion; pre- 
servation 
Conservatricc, sf. —trix 
Conserve, conserve, comfits 
Conserves, sf. pi. preservers^ 

(spectiiclcs) 
Conserver,r(i. to conserve; servtf 

to * keep in pay 
Se — , vr. to * keep; mind one's 

self 
Considerable, 2. a. —blc 
Considerablement, ad. — ably 
Considt'rant, e. a. considerate 
Considoralion, sf. —tion, note 
Conslder6ment, ad. considerate- 
ly 



46 



CON 



CON 



CON 



Cousiderer, va. to consicUr; * 

have a value far 
Consigiiaiaire, sin. a trustee 
Coiisigiiaiiuii, js/. depoaite; car- 
riage 
CoiiBigiie, a trust; witchword 
Consigner, vx. to di^pusit 
ConsUtance, sf. consistence ; 

steadiness 
Consistuiit, e. a. consisting cf 
Consoler, va. to consist, * lie 
Coasistoire, sm. consistory, ves- 

Coosistoiial, e. a. —rial 
Consisiorialfineiit, ad. in a con- 
sistory 
Consolabie, 2. a. consolablc 
Consolaiit, e. a. comfortable 
Consolateur, sm. comforter 
Consolation, */. —tion, comfort 
Consolatoire, 'J. a. —tory 
Coudolatrice, sf. cotufurtcr 
Console, a bracket; prop 
Consoler, va to comfort 
Consolidation, *■/. —tion 
Consolider, va. to consolidate; 

to heal up 
Consoinmateur, sm. finisher 
Consomnialioii, sf. consumma- 
tion; Consumption 
Consomme, sm. jelly broth 
Consominer, va. to consummate; 

consume; boil to rugs 
Consomplil',vo. a. s. consumptive 
Consomption, sf. con.iu~nption 
ConsonncOnce, harmony; thyme 
Consonne, a consonant 
Consort, e. 5. assjciatc 
Consoude, .<?/. comfrcy 
Conspiraleur, s./i. —rator 
Conspiralioii, sf. —racy 
— des poudrei, gunpowder plot 
Conspirer, va. to conspire, plot 
Conspuer, to * spit upon 
Constaniment, ad. constantly, 

certainly 
Constance, sf. constancy; firm 

71655 

Constant, e. a. constant; certain 
Constater, va. to verify; prjve 
Constellation, sf. —tion 
Constell6, e. a. made under a 

certain constellation 
Consternation, sf. —tion 
Constemer, va. dispirit, dismay 



Constipation, sf. — tion; eos- 

tiveness 
ConsupeT,va.to Constipate,* bind 
Conslituant, e. a. s. constituent 
Constituer, va. constitute; place; 

raise; * put 
une pension, tc settle a pen- 
sion 
Constitution, —tion, annuity, 

composition; order; decree 
Constitulionnaire, 2. s. annui- 
tant 
Coiistrictenr, sm. — tor 
Constriction, sf. — tion, compres- 
sion 
Constringent, e. a. —gent, bind- 
ing 
Construction, sf. —tion 
CoMsiruire, va. to construct, * 

build; construe; frame 
Consuttstantialite, sf. —lily 
Consubsiantiel, le. a. — tial 
Consubstanliellement, ad. con- 

substantially 
Consul, 5/71. consul 
Consulaire, 2. a. consular 
Consulairement, ad. — larly 
Consulaires, sm. pi. former con- 
sul 
Consuiat, sm. consulship 
Consultant, a. «/«. one who is 

consulted; counsellor 
Consultation, sf. — tion 
Consulter, va. to consult 

son clievet, to deliberate 

Consunian!,e. a. consuming, de- 
vouring 
Consumer, va. to consume; waste 
Se — , vr. to waste away 
Contact, sm. contact, touch 
Contagieux, se. a. contagious 
Contagion, sf. —ginn, plague 
Contamination, defiling, pollu 

tion 
Contamincr, va. to defile 
Conte, sm. story, tale 
Conttinplaieur, rice. s. — tor 
Conteniplatif, ve. a. —tive 
Contemplation, sf. — tion 
Contempler, va. contemplate, 

* behold 
Contemporain, e. a. s. cotempo 

rary, coetancous 
Contempteur, sm. despiser 
Contemptible, 2. a. —bit 



Contenance, sf. capaciousne-w; 

appearance; posture; orde. 
Contenant, sm. container 
Contendant, ante. a. rival; c<tn 

tending 
Conienir, va. to contain; * hold 
Se contenir, vr. to refrain 
Content, e. a. contented; pleased 
Conteniement, sm,. content; sa- 
tisfaction; pleasure 
Contenter, va. to content, satis- 
fy; please 
Se — , IT. to * be well pleased 
Conteniieu.\, se. a. contentious 
Conientieusement, ad. contcn 

tiously 
Contention, sf. — tion; strife; 

application 
Contenu, sm. contents 
Conter, va. tc relate, * tell 
Contestable, 2. a. disputable 
Contestant, e. a. contending 
Contestation, sf. —tion, content 
Conteste, dispute, odds 
Conlester, va. to contest, contend, 

debate 
Conteur, se. s. a teller 
Conteurde sornettes, sm. a tellet 

of idle stories 
Contexture, sf. contexture 
Contigu, e. a. contiguous; next 
Conliguile, sf. contiguity 
Continence, —ncnty, chastity 
Continent, e. a. continent 
Continent, sm. main land 
Contingence, sf. — gency 
Contingent, sm. quota 

e. a. casual 

Continu, sm. close by 

e. a. continual 

Conlinuateur, sm. — tor 
Continue, sf. continuance 
Continuation, — tion 
Continue!, le. a. continual 
Continuellemenl, ad. —nually 
Continuement, incessantly 
Continuer, va. to continue, * go 

on 
Continuity,."/, continuance; cohU 

ness; cohesion 
Contortion, contortion 
Contour, sm. contour; outline; 

circumference; winding 
Contoumer, va. to * draw tkt 
contours of a picture 



CON 



CON 



CON 



47 



Coatracriui, e. a. s. contractor 
C(jiitiacter, va. to contract 

— des deite^, to * run into debt 
S3 coiiliaciei, or. to '" s/iriuk up 
Conlractioiiyif. ~tion;s/irin/iiit a- 
Coutraciiiel, le. stipulated 
Contradictcur, sm. opposcr 
vJoiuradictioa, sf. —tion 
Contradicioire, Z. a. contradicto- 
ry; peremptory 

Contradicioiiemeirt, ad. contra- 
dictorily; peremptorily 

Coiitraindie, va. to constrain, to 
straiten 

Contraitite, sf. constraint; force 

— par corps, a writ to arrest a 
person {Jul 

CoiUrairc, 2. a. contrary; hurt- 

, sin. contrary 

Coutrariuiit, t*. a. contradictory 
Contrarier, va. to contradict, 

counteract 
Coiilrarifie, af. contrariety 
Coatrarieies, pi. dijuulties; 

crosses 
Coiilraste, sm. contrast; obsta- 
cles 
Coiilraster, va. to contrast 
Coiitrat, sm. contract; covenant 

— do doJialion, deed of gift 

— d.T nuiriage, articles of set- 
tlement 

Coiitravt'iition, sf. — tion 
Conire, pr. aerainst, near 
Cnntre-allee, sf. a small u/aUc 

alongside of a great one 
Coiitre-ainiral, sm. rear-admiral 
Conlre-approchcs, sf. pi. coun 

ter- approaches 

— balancer, va. to counter-ba 
lance 

— baiide, 5/. prohibiledor smug- 
gled goods 

Coiure-bandit-r, e. s. smuggler 

— basse, sf. counter-bass 
■— batterie, counter-battery 

— carrer, va. to thwart 

— coup, sm. rebound 

- danse, sf. country-dance 
Contredire, vn. to contradict 
Contredit, sm. answer; contro 

versy 
Contredits, sm. pi. objections 
Oontr6c, sf. country , region 
Conlrefacon, counterfeiting 



Contrefaire, va. to counterfeit, 

to ape, disguise, feign 
Ci)ntie-latle, sf. strong lath 
Conlre-latler, va. to countvr- 

lat/i 

— niaitre, sm. a mate 

— iiiaiidomeiit, .s/rt. counter maml 

— luaiider, va. to countermand 

— inarciue, sf. countermaric ; 
chick 

("oiitre-miae, .•'/. counter mins 

— iniiior, va. to countirmine 

— miiiL'Ur, sm. ountcr miner 

— inur, countcrmure 

— murer, va. to countermure 

— ordre, sm. counter-order 

— partie, sf. first and secondpart 
in music 

— pfirier, va. to counterpoise 

— pie, sm. wrong sense, itevcrsc 

— poids, counterpoise, rope- 
dancer's pole, balance 

— poll, sm. wrong coarse — a coii- 
tre poll, against the grain 

(^outro-poiiil, sm. connti.rpui-it 

— pointer, va. to quilt on buth 
sides; to thwart 

— poison, sm. counterpoison, an- 
tidote 

— pieuve, sf. cnunierproof 

— proiu'!Sse, couutcrbond 
Coiitrescarjje, sf. counterscarp, 

slope 

Coniroscarper, va. to counter- 
scarp 

C/i)iitrescol, sm. counter-seal 

— sceller, va. to coantrrseal 
Coutresigtit, sm. countersign 

— sens, wrong sense, wrong side 
Contre-signer, va. to counter 

sign; to frank 
Contrespalier, sm. hedge-row of 

trees 
Contrelenis, mischance; disap 

p ointment 
Contretirer, va. to* connterdrnu 
Contrevallation, sf. — tion 
Contrevenant, e. s. offender 
Contrevenir, va. to contravene 

to infringe 
ContreVent,s/n. an outside shut 

ter 
Contrev<^rit6, sf. irony 
Conlrevisite, second search 
Contxibuable, 2. a. taxable 



ConUibuant, sm. — butor 

Coiitriijner, va. to contribute 

Couiribution, sf. — tion 

Contrisier, va. to grieve 

Contrit, e. a. contrite 

Contrition, sf. —tion 

Conlrole, sm. control; mark oh 
platr; command 

Coiuroler, va. to control; veri- 
fy; mark plate; carp at 

L;iji\uC)leur,sm. comptroller, over- 
seer; a critic 

Coiiiroverse, sf. controversy 

Controvoise, e. a. controverted, 
disputed 

Couirovcrsistc, sm. — vertisi 

Conlrouver. va. to forge; invent 

Co.ilnniace, sf. contumacy 

Coaluniacer, va. to * cast for 
non-appearance; to outlaw 

Coiiuuuax, a. a criminal that 
dots not appear before the 
judge 

Coatunielie, sf. — mcly; aJ/use 

Contumelieusement, ad. outra- 
geously 

Coatainelieux, se. a. abusive 

(Jonlus, e. a. bruised 

Coatnsion, sf. a bruise 

Coiivaiacaiit, e. a. convictive, 
plain 

Convaincre, va. to convince, to 
convict 

Convalescence, sf. — cence; re- 
covery 

Convalescent, e. a.— cent, on the 
mendinir hand 

Conveaable, 2. a. fit; proper; 
becoming; befitting; condign 

Coaveaablenienl, ad. suitably 

Convenaace, sf. suitableness, 
decency 

Convenant. e. a. suitable, meet 

Convenir, vn. to agree, suit, * ba 
proper; * become 

Convenlicule, sm. conventicle 

Convention, sf. — tion, contract, 
assembly 

Conventioanel, le. a. conven- 
tional 

Convenlionnellcmcnt, ad. con- 
ventionally 

Conveatuel, le. a. conventual 

Coavenlaellement, ad. —tually 

Convenu, e. a. agreed on 



48 



COQ 



Convf rgent, e. a. —gait 
Conveis, e. o. s. lay brother, or 

sister 
Conversation, sf. —Hon 
Converser, vn. to convcise 
Conversion, sf.- —.<:oii, change 
Converti, e. jj. a convrt 
Convertible, 2. a. — ble 
Convertir, v-i- to concert 
Se — , rr. to * be concerted; 

change; turn 
Convertisst iiieiit, sm. change 
Convertissi'iir, a cunr.crtcr 
Conv«ixe, 2. rt. crtwrfj 
Convexite, sf. rvnvczity 
Conviction, —tion 
Convi(5, sm. a giifst 
Convier, va. to invite; incite 
Convive, 2. a. a guest 
Convocation, sf. — tion, conrfn- 

ing 
Convoi, sm. convoy, fun'ral 
Convoitable, 2. a. cuvctable 
Convoiter, va. to caret 
Convoiteux, se. a. covetous 
Convoilisu, .>./. covrtousness 
Convolcr, m. to many again 
C'onvoqucr, va. to convoke; as- 

scmhla 
Convoyer, va. to convoy 
Convuls;', e. a. couculscd; agi- 
tated 
ConvuJsif, ve. (i ccnruhive 
Ccnviilsinn, sf. — sion 
Convnlsioniiaire, sm. ont tcho 

has convulsive fts 
Cooperateur, sm. — rator 
Cooperatrice, sf. —mtriz 
Cooperation, — tion 
Coop^rer, va. to co-operate 
Copeau, sm. chip, shaving 
Copie, sf. a ropy, picture 
Copier, va. to copy, viinic 
Copieusonieiit, ad. copiously 
<^opipnx, se. a. copious 
Copiste, ."m. copier; prompter 
Coproprietaire, 2. s. joint-pro- 
prietor, or oicver 
Copter une cloche, to tint a hell 
Copulatif, ve. a. copulative^vin- 

ing 
Copulation, sf. —tion 
Copulative, crnjunction 
Copule, copulation [cock 

Coq, sm. a cock, church xaathcr- 



COR 

Coq de biuycre, a heath-cock 

— de niarais, o moor-cock 

— a I'ane, nonsense 

— d'Inde, turkey-cock 

— do bois, a pheasant 
Coquatre, a young ock 
Coque, .?/. egg sh'll, cod 
Coquclicot, sin. wild poppy cock- 

crowing 
Coqueliner, vn. to crow 
Coqueluche, sf capuchin; fa- 
vourite; hooping-cough 
Coqueluclion, sm. hood; cowl 
Coqueraar, a boiler 
Coqiieret, wintrr cherry 
Coquesigrue, sf. idle tnU:; stuff 
Coquet, te. a. s. a coquet, beau 
Coquptcr, vn. to coquet 
Coquetier, sm. a higgler 
Coquetterie, sf. co'/uetry 
Coqiiillage, sm. shells, shell- 
work, shell-fsh 
Coquille, sf. a shell 
Coquillier,.^m. collection of shells 
Coquiiliere, (pierre,) sf stone in 

which shells are found 
Coquin, e. s. a rogue, jade 

, e. a. idle 

("o<]!iinaille, >/. pack ofrgues 
Coquiner, vn. t.i loiter, i.lli 
Coqninerie, sf. knavery 
Coi, sm. French horn, a corn 
Coniii, Coral, sm. coral 
Coral! in, e. a. coraline, red as 

coral 
Coralloides, sf. pi. seed of white 

coral 
Coraux, sm, pi. corals 
CoT\yeau,sm.ravcn,corbcl,corpse- 

bearcr 
Corheille, .<^/. bread or fruit bas- 
ket 
Corbrill^e, basket-full 
CorbiMard, sm. a large travelling 

coarh, hamper 
Coibillon, small, flat basket; 

crambo 
CnTdages,pl.cnrdage,ropes,cords 
Cordager, va. to * make ropes 
Corde, sf. cord, mpc, string 

— de drap, thread of cloth 

— a boyau. cat-gut 

— de bois, cord of wood 
Cord<^, e. a. twisted, stringy 
Cordeau, sm. a line, a cord 



COR 

<'ordoler, ra. to twi.^t 
Cordcllotte, sf. small cord or litio 
Cordeliere, hVanciscan nun 
— , cordelier's girdle 
Cordeliers, S7n.pl. gray friara 
Cordelle, sf. party, gang 
Corder, ra. to twist, to cord 
Se — . rr. to * grow stringy 
Cord»'rie,.<f/. a rope-walk or hmist 
Cordial, e. a. cordial 
L'ri cordial, sm. a cordial 
Cordialomeut, ad. cordially 
Cordialite, sf. cordialnrss 
Cordier, sm. a rope-maker 
Cordon, Iwi.-t.strino-, band, gir- 
dle, lace, stonc-plint, edge oj 
coin, miiling 
Cordoniier, ra to twist, will 
Cordonncrie, sf. shoe-making 
Cordonnet, sm. cfgivg 
Cordonnier, a shl-e-makcr, hat- 

band-maker 
Coiiace, 2. a. tough 
CoriTiihicn {m arcliirecture,) svu 

the Corinthian order 
Corlieii, sm. curlew 
CorntP, sf. a service, sorb-apple 
Cormier, sm. the service-tree 
Cornjoran, cormorant 
Comae, rt groom for elephants 
Comaline, sf. cornelian 
Corne, horn, hoof comet 
— d'abondance, cornucopia 
Cornee, arnra tf the eye 
Corncille, a rrok, a crow 
Cornenient, sm. tivgle 
Corncmuse, .«/. a bag-pipe 
Corner, vn. to * blow a horn, to 

trumpet about, tingling 
Comet, sm. horv, ink-horn, dice- 

boi, rolled wafer 
Cometier, a horn-dresser 
Comette, .of. a cornet, mob 
— , sm. cornet of a troop of horse, 
a commodore's broad pennant 
Comiclie, .••/. a cornice, gig 
Comichon,«OT. a little horn, gir- 

kin 
Comitre, sf. a sloping drain on -. 
the top of houses \ 

Cornillas, sm. young rook I 

Cornonille, sf. cornel-berry I 

Comouiller, sm. cornel-tree I 

Cornu, e. a. horned, comute ! 

Corauc, ?/. cucurbite 



COR 



COT 



COU 



49 



Corollaire, sm. corollary 



Coronaire, 2. a. 



coronary 



Coronal, e. a. coronal 
Corporal, sm. a corporal 
Corporation, sf. — tion 
Corporel, le. a. corporeal 
Corporellement, ad. — really 
Corporifier, va. to corporify, 

suppose a body, assemble 
Corps, sm. a body, shape 

— de jupe, pair of stays 

— de logis, side of a great house 

— de for, steel backboard 

— inort, a corpse, carcass 

— a cori>s pt;rdu, adv. headlong 
Corpulence, sf. corpulency 
Coipusculaire, ~. a. — lar 
Corpuscule, sm. a corpascule 
Correct, e. o. correct, exact 
Correclement, ad. correctly 
Correcteur, sm. a corrector 
Correctif, corrective, salvo 
Correction, sf. —tion 
Correctrice, she who corrects 
Corr6gid(jr, sin. — dur 
Correlatif, ve. a. s. correlative 
Correlation, sf. corrdativeness 
Correspondanco, sf. — dtnce 
Correspondant, e. a. suitable 
Corret;pondant, sui. — dent 
Correspondre, vn.. to correspond 
Corridor, sm. gallery, corridor 
Corriger, va. to correct, temper 
Be — , vr. to mend, * for.sake 
Corrigible, 2. a. corrigible 
Corroboratil', ve. a. —tive 
Corroborer, va. to corroborate 
Corrodei, (o corrode, gnaw 
Corronipre, to corrupt, taint, 

mar, bribe, alter, temper 
Corrumpu, sm. a debauchee 
Corrosif, ve. a. corrosive 

, sm. a corrosive 

Vorw^ion, sfcorrosion,gnau;ing 
Corroi, sm. dressing of leatli<:r 
Corroyer, va- to cuiry, plane, to 

join 
Corroycur, sm. a currier 
Corrupteiir, dcbauchcr 
Corruptibi!it6, sf. —lily 
Corruptible, 2. a. —ble 
Corruption, sf. —tion, bribery 
Corrupirice, corruptrix 
Cors, sm. horns 
Corsage, shape, form 
PART I. 



Corsaire, corsair, privateer, pi- 
Corselet, corslet [rate 
Corset, stays, bodice 
Cort6ge, a retinue, train 
Cortical, e. a. cortical 
Corv6able, 2. a. averrable 
Corvee, sf. a job, average, sta- 
tute-work, or labour 
Corvette, a cutter, sloop, scout 
Corvoyeur, sm. statute-labourer 
Coruscation, sf. —tion, flashing 
Corybante, s?n. Cijbelc' s priest 
Corymbc, coryvibus, tuft 
Corymbifere, 2. a. —ferous 
(/Oryphee, sm. chief, leader, tcor- 

thiest 
Coseigneur, joint lord of a ma- 
nor 
Cosmetique, 2. a. cosmetic, beau- 
tifying 
Cosmogonie, sf. —gony 
Cosmographe, sm. —phcr 
Cosniographie, sf. —phy 
Cosmograpliique, 2. a. —phical 
Cosniologie, sf. — gy 
Cosmopolitain, e. *-. —litan 
Cosmopolite, 2. s. —lite 
Cosse, sf. slull of peas, S,c. 
Cosser, va. to butt like a rum 
Cosson, sm. corn-iuitt 
Cossu, e. a. shelly, rich 
(Jostuine, sm. the costume 
Cote, cotte, .â– ;/. a petticoat' num- 
ber, quota 
Cote, a rib, coast, declivity, hil- 
lock 
Cote a c6te, ad. a-brcast 
C6t6, sm. side, sideway, party 
Coteau, sm. hillock 
Cdlek'ae,sf. chop, catlit,little rib 
Coter, va. to quote, endorse, cite 
Coterie, sf. a club, society 
Cothurue, sm. a buskin 
Cotier, a. sm. a coaster 
Cotiere, sf. a range of coast, 

border 

Cotignac, sm. quince, marmalade 
Cotillon, under-petticoat 
Colisalion, sf. assessment, club- 
bing 
Cotiser, va. to assess, to club 
Cotissure, sf. bruising of fruits 
Coton, sm. cotton, down 
Cotonner, va. to * stuff with 
cotton 



Se cotonner, to'" be covered with 

cotton 
Cotonneux, se. a, spongy, soft 
Cotonnier, sm. a cotton-tree 
Cotoyer, va. to coast along; to 

walk by the side 
Cotret, sm. a little fagot, cotrtl 

— huile de cotret, a sounJ 

drubbing, oakum towel 
Cotte d'armes, sf. coat of armt 

— de mailles, coat of mail 
Cotteron, sm. short petticoat 
Cotuteur, a co-guardian 
Cou, the neck, narrow pass 

— du pied, the instep 
Couard, e. a. s. coward 
Couardise, sf. cowardice 
Couchant, a.m. setting 
— , sm. the west 

Couche, sf. a bed, bedstead, deti 
very, laying in; stake at play , 
hot-bed in a garden, but-end, 
stratum, a lay 

Couchee, an inn ichere one lies 
on a journey, night's lodging 

Couclier, va. to * put to bed, t» 

* lay, or stake, * lie down 
Coucher en joue, to aim at 

— par ecrit, to * write down 

Se coucher, vr. to * lie down, to 

* go to bed, to * set 
Coucher, sm. bed-time, bedding; 

night's lodging, covclue 

— du soleil, sunset 
Couchette, sf. a couch ^ 
Coucheur, se. s. bed-fellow 
Couci, couci, ad. so so 
Cfiucou, sm. a cuckoo 
Coude, the elbow, any angle 
Coudee, sf. elbow-room, cvJiit 
Coude-pie, sm. an instep 
Cuuder, va. to * bend 
Coudoyer, to elbow, hunch 
Coudraie, .-/. hazel wood 
Coudre, sm. a hazel-tree 

, va. to sew, stitc/t 

Coudricr, sm. haid-vut tree 
Couenne, sf. hog's skin 
Cou(MU% feather- bed 
Coulagp, sm. leakage 
Coulannnent, «'/. flunUfy, freelf 
Coulant, 0. a.f.ufvl,j!oicing 
Cou\ant,sm.necklaec of diamonds 
Coule, sm. a quick sinking atep 

in dancing 



50 



COU 



COU 



COU 



Coulee, sf. running hand in 
writing 

Coulemeiit, sm. running of a li- 
quid, flux 

Couler, vn. to flow, melt, straijt, 
* run 

a fond, va. to * sink 

Se couler, vr. to * slip along 

Couleur, sf. colour, suit at play 

Couleurs, sf. pi. Ucery 

Coulevriiie, .«/. culvcrin 

Coulevree, snake-weed 

(•oulcuvre, an adder 

Coulis, srn. jelly, gravy 

Voiit coulitf, wind t.'iat comes 
through a chink 

i'onlissc, sf groove, scene of a 
play-house, gutUr 

Couloir, sm. a strainer, colander 

Couipe, sf trespass, sin 

Coulure, running 

Coup, sm. blow, t.'iro:o, aqt, time, 
J}0ut, a viocr, aim, a bit, a 
stroke, a druu^.'it 
' — de pietl, a kick 

Conlre-co'.ip, count-r-hlow 

Coupable, 2. a. culpable, guilty 

C«mpe, sf. cutting, cut, cup, cu- 
pola 

Coupd, sm. a coupec, step 

Coupeau, sm. top of a hill 

Coupe-gorge, cut-throat place 

— jnrret, a r.rfian, a.isassin 
CoupeUe, sf cppcl, test 
Coufellor, va to assay gold 
Couper, va. to * cut, * cut off, * 

cut out 
Se — , VT. to fret, Of stuffs.) to 

contradict onc^s mif 
('ouper Ch'jir.ln, to * stop tke way 

— la parole, to intimtpt 

— court, to be * short, in short 

— du viii, to brew wine 

— la racine, ou —pied a, to rout 
out 

— Ir. tfete, to behrud 

— la l>oi;r.se, to rob 
Couperot, sm. a cleavei 
Coupernse, sf. copperas 
Couperose, e. a. full of red pim- 
ples, bloated 

Coup-t6te, sm. leap-frog 
Coupeur, se. s. a cutter 

de boursse, cui-purse 

Coupte, */. C0uple, bracCy yoke 



Couple, sm. couple {of persons) 
Coupler, va. to couple 
Couplet, sm. a staff, coxiplet 

saiirique, lampoon 

Coupleter, va. to lampoon 
Coupoir, sm. cutter 
Con pole, sf. a cupola 
Couiion, sm. remnant, dividend, 

shred 
Coupure, sf. a cut 
Cour, court, courtyard 
Courage, sm. courage, heart, 
passion 

, cheer up ! 

Courageusement, ad. courage- 
ously 
Courageux, se. a. courageous 
Cour^uinient, ad. currently 
Couranl, e. a. current, running 
Couraiit, sm. current, course 
CouVante, sf. courant, looseness 
Courbatu, e. a. foundered 
Courbalure, sf. foundering 
Courbc, 2. a. crooked 
, sf. a crooked piece of tim- 
ber, rib of a ship, curbs 
Couibcmenl, sm. baiding 
Courber, va. to * bend, to bcw 
Courbette, sf. curvet, mean com- 
plaisance 
Courbettor, vn. to currct 
Courbuttcs (.faire dcs,) to cringe, 

to fawn 
Courburc, sf. curvity, bent 
Courcaillet, sm. quails-call 
Coureur, sia. a running fvolman, 

rambler, racer 
Coureur, scouts 

Courcuse, sf. gadder, street- 
walker 
Courge, a gourd, a yoke 
Courier, sm. courier 

— (le cabinet, state-messenger 
Courir, vn. to* run, rumble 

— h touips jambcs, to * run with 
full speed 

— la poste, to * ride post 

— le corf, to hunt a stag 

— la pretanlaiiie, to gad up and 
down 

— lea mcrs, to infest the seas 
Courlis, sm. a curlew 
Couronne, sf. a crown, coronet 
Couronnement, sm. coronation, 

finishing, crown-work 



Couronuer, va. to crown 
Couroisaure, sf. sumv,it of c 

stag'' s horns 
Courroif.-, sf. leather string 
Courroucer, va. to irritate 
Se cournjucer,rr. to * begrcailt> 

incensed, to rage 
Courroux, sm. wrath, raging 
Cours, coursr, run, airiug-placi, 
Cours de ventre, looseness 
Course, sf. running, race, cruise, 

incursion 
Coursier, sm. courser, charger, 

steed 
Court, e. a. short, brief 
Court, ad. short, quick 
Courtage, sm. broksrage 
Conrtaud, a thickset vian. crop' 

prd horse 

— (ie boutique, shopman 
Courlaudcr, va. to ♦ crop (a 

horse's tail) 
Court btiuillon, sm. a particular 

way of dressing fl.^'h 
Courie-liuleiiie, sf. short breath 
Courterr.t nt, ad. brirfly, short 
C(.urt< pointe, sf. counterpane 
Cuuitihaut, sm. thick and thort 

man 
Courtier, a broker 

— de chevaux, a jockey 
Courtine, sf. a curtain {in for- 

tiflciition) 
Ciiiirtisau, sm. a courtier 
Courtisaue, .«/. a courtesan 
Courliser, va. to court 
Courtois, e. a. courteous, civil 
Conrtcistnicnt, a!, courttoush 
Courloibie, sf. cnurt^ousnc^s 
Cous^ii), e. 5. cousin, rrnut [drcd 
Cousinage, sm. covsinship, kin- 
Cousiner, va. to call cousin, to 

spunge 
Cousinfere, sf. fence of gauze 

against gnats 
Coupoir, sm. a sewing-press 
Coupsin, a cushion, pillow 
Cous.-;inet, bag, pad, quilted etO' 

macher 
Cou?u, e. a. sewed 
Cout, sm. cost, price 
Couteau, a knife 

— de chasse, a hanger 

— a pied, shaemaker's cutting 
k-nife 



CRA 



CRA 



CRE 



51 



< 'outelas, sm. a cutlass 
Cijutele, e. o. slaughtered 
Coutelloiie, sf. cutlery 
C'outellitTe, a case of knives 
Cnuter, vn. to cost, * stand in 
Couteline, sf. coarse calico 
Couteux, se. a. expensive 
Coutier, sm. ticking- maker 
C'outil, Coutis, ticking 
Coutre, coulter, plough-share 
Coutuiiie, sf. cusiovi, toll 
Ctoutumier, e. a. customary, com- 
mon 
Coulum'ier, sm. common-law book 
Couture, scam, sewing, scar 
Couturicre, sf. a mantuamakcr, 

a sca7nstress 
Couv'-'e, a covey, vest of eggs 
t'ouve, e. a. fusty 
Couvent, sm. a convent 

— d'lioiiiincs, friary 

— de filles, nunnery 

Couver, va. to brood, sit on, * 

breed, incubate, lurk 
Couvorcle, sm. a cover, lid 
Couvert, the cloth, cover, lodg- 
ing, shady place 
Couvert, e. a. covered, clad, hid, 
closc,obschrefull,luaded,dark 
Couveite, .s/. a deck, enavul of 

China ware 
CouvertPinent, ad. secretly 
Couveiture, sf. cover, blanket, 

rug, roof, cloth 
Coiivfjrturt'j^, pi. bed-clothes 
C'ouvcrt'irif r, sm. bed ding- seller 
Couvet, a sort of slave 
Couvouse, sf. that broods 
C'ouvi, a. m. addle, rotten 
Couvrc-cJiff, sm. kerchief 

— feu, curfew, fire- screen 

— pied, cover-feet, quilt 

— plat, dish-cover 
Couvreur, sm. a tiler 

— en ardoise, a slater 

— eu chaunie, thatcher 

— de chaises, chair-maker 
Couvrir, va. to cover, * hide, 

conceal, defend, load 
Se — , vr. * be overcast, * put 

one's hat on, * put on a suit 
Crabe, sm. a crab 
Crabier, sm. erab-eattr, (a West 

India bird) 
Crac, sm. crack, crackling noise 



Crac, ad. that's a fib 
Urachal, sm. spittle 
Crachemeiit, spitting 
Cracher, va. to * spit 
Cracheur, se. s. a sjntter 
Crachoir, sm. a spitting-pot 
Crachotenient, spitting often 
Cracljoter, vn. to * spit often 
Craie, sf. chalk 
Ciaiiidre, va. to fear, dread 
Crainte, sf. fear, awe 
Crainte de, for fear of, lest 
Craintif, ve. a. fearful, timorous 
Craintivement, ad. fearfully 
Cranioisi, sm. crimson 
Cramoisi, e. a. crimson, dyed in 

grain 
Crampe, sf. cramp 
Crampon, S7n. cramp-iron 
Cramponner, vn. fasten with a 

cramp-iron 
Se cramponner, to * cling at any 

thing 
Crampounet, sm. little cramp or 

staple 
Cran, notch 
Crane, the skull, a hot-brained 

fellow 
Crapaud, a toad 
Crapaudaille, sf. thin crape 
Crapaudiere, swampy place 
Crapaudine, toad-stone, iron 
wurt, malt-worm, sort of pear 
— a la crapaudine ; pigeons a 
la crapaudine, broiled pigeons 
Crapoussin, S7n. a little ill-shap- 
ed man 
Crapoussine, sf. a little ill-shap- 
ed woman 
Crapule, gross intemperance 
Crapuler, vn. to*cat and * drink 

to excess 
Crapuleux, se. a. intemperate 
Craquehn, s7n. cracknel 
Craquement, crack 
Craquer, ra. to crack,!ioait,snap 
Craquetement, sm. cracking 
Craquetcr, vn. to crackle 
Craqueur, se. 5. a boaster 
Crasse, sf. dirt, nastincss, rust, 

dross 
Crasse, a. gross, thick 
Crasseux, se. a. filthy, sordid 
Cratere, sm. crater, round cup 
Cravate, sf. cravat 



Cravaie, sm. a Croat 

Crajon, pencil; description ; 

rough draught 
Crayonner, va. * draw, sketch 
Ciaj'onneur, sm. a drawer with 

crayons 
Cieance, sf. trust, belief, debt 
Creancier, e. s. creditor 
Ureal, sm. an usher in a riding 

school 
Crealeur, Creator, Maker 
Creation, sf. creation 
Creature, creature 
Crecelle, a rattle 
Cr6cerelle, a hawk 
Creche, a manger, crib 
Uredence, cupboard where the 

church plate is kept 
Credibiliie, —lity 
Credit, sm. credit, interest 
Crediter, va. to credit one in tht 

day-book 
Credo, sm. creed 
Ci^A\x\e,2. a. credulous, sangv.int 
Credulite, sf. credulity 
Creer, va. to create 
Cr^mailliere, sf. a pot-hanger 
Cr6maillon, sm. a hook 
Creme, sf. cream 
fouettce, empty, frothy dis- 
course 
Crcmer, vn. to cream 
Creneau, battlement, pinnacle 
Crenel6, e. a. embattled 
Cr6neler, va. to indent, notch 
Cr6nelure, .<â– /. indenting 
Creole, L'. 5. Creole, Crcolian 
Cr6page, sm. the glossing of 

crapes 
Ciepe, sm. crape 
Crejip, sf. pancake 
Cr^^pir, va. to frizzle, * crisp 
Crepi, sm. rough cast 
Cr6piiie, sf. fringe 
Cre|)ir, va. to parget 
Crepigsure sf. rough ca&t 
Crej)ilation, crackling of fire 
Crepoii, sm. thick crape 
Cr6pu, e. a. crisped, frizzled 
Crdpuscule, sm. twilight 
Creeson, sm. cresses 
Cressonniere, sf. cresses-plot 
Crete, crest; cock's comb; bank 

of a ditch, tuft 
Baisser la crfcte, to decline 



52 



CRl 



CRO 



CRU 



Crfile marine, samphire 

— de ble, pyramidal pile of * 

com 
Cr6t6, e. a. tufted 
Cretonne, sf. sort of white linen 
Creva'iWe, g^uttling- 
Crevasse,* crevice, gap,scralches 
Cr6vasses aux mains, chap^ in 

one's hands 
Crtvasser, ra. to * chap; * crack 
Creve-coenr, sm. heart-break 
Crever, va. to* burst, cramp, put 

out 
Crevette, sf. prawn 
Creusemenr, sm. digg^ing {into 
Creuser, va. to dig, or * drive 
Creuset, sm. crucible 
Creux, hollow pit, mould 
Creux, ee. a. hollow, detp, chime- 

rical 
Cri, sm. cry, shriek, motto 
Criailler, va. to bawl, scold 
Criaillerie, sf. bawling 
Criailleur, se. s. a bawler 
Criard, e. a. s. bawling; bawler 
Criant, ante, o. glaring, shame- 
ful 
Cril)le, sm. a sieve 
L'ribler, va. to sift 
Cribleur, sm. a sifter 
Criblurc, sf. siftings 
Cribration, sifting 
Cric, sm. ivgine for lifting bur- 
dens 
Cric-crac, crick-crack 
Criee, sf. an auction, butcry 
Crier, vn. to cty out, proclaim, 

inveigh, clamour 
Crierie, sf. cry, clamour 
Crieur, se. s" a bawler; crier, 

undertaker 
Crime, stn. crime, .^in 
Crime (ie lozc-majost6, high- 

triason 
Criminaliste, sm. a writer upon 

criminal matters 
Cnmin*'!, le. a. criminal, guilty 
Criiiiint^l, stn. malrfactur 
Criiriiiu'llemeut, ad. — nally, ca- 

pitoUy 
Crin, sm. horse-hair 
Cr\i\<i,e. a. hairy {hair 

Criiiier, sm. worker or dealer in 
ChiVii-tc.sf. horse or lion's mane, 
paltry wig 



Criole, Creole, 2. 5. a Creole, 

Crcolian 
Crique, */. creek 
Criquet, sm. a tit; bad horse 
Crise, sf. crisis 

Crispation, sf. —tion, wrinkling 
Crisper, va. to draw, squeeze 
Crista), sm. crystal 
Cristallin, e. a. crystalline 
Cristallisation, sf. — zation 
Cristalliser, va. to crystallize 
Critiquable, 2. a. censurable 
Critique, critical, captious 
Critique, sm. a critic 
Critique, sf. criticism; criti-, 

censure 
Critiquer, va. to criticise 
Croassement, sm. croaking 
Croasser, vn. to croak {pole 

Croc, sm. houk; fangs; sharper. 
Croc en jambe, trip 
Crocs, SOT. pi. whiskers 
Croche, 2. a. crooked 

, sf. a quaver 

Crochet, sm. hook, steel yard, 

vicklock, crochet 
Crocliets, fangs, braces 
Crocheter, va. to * pick a lock 
Crocheteur, sm. porter, pickLck 
Crocheteuse, sf. basket-woman 
Crocliu, e. a. crooked, houkcd 
Crochuer, va. to * bend, crook 
Crocodile, sot. a crocodile 
Crocus, saffron-flower 
Croire, va. to believe, * think 
Croisade, sf. crusade, hoiy war; 

madness 
Crois6, sm. a croise, a dupe 
Crois6e, (serge,) .s/. kersey 
Crois6e, casement; cross-bar 

window 
Croisement, sm. crossing 
Croiscr, va. to * lay cross-wise; 

* strike out; cruise; cross 
Se — , vr.* lie cross; * take upon 

one the cross of the holy war, 

to play the fool 
Croiseur, sot. a crui.tcr 
Croisiere, sf. cruise 
Croisure, cross-web 
Cro'issance, growing age; growth 
Croissant, sin. crescent, hook 
Croit, increase {v)az 

Croitre, vn. to* grow, increase, 
Croix,*/, a cross 



Qx(H\nKnX,e. a. scrunching, crack- 
ling 
Croquant, sm- a poor wretch 
Croque-lardon, spunger 
Croquer, vn. to scranch; crackle- 
devour; pilfer 
Croquet, sot. thin and hard gin 

gtrbrcad 
Croqueur, a devourer 
Croquignole, sf. a fillip 
Croquigiioler, va. to fillip 
Croqiiis, sot. sketch 
Crosse, .*/. crosier, but-end, bat 

drumstick, or pestle 
Cros-sC, o. who has- the privilege 

of carrying the crosier 
Crosser, vn. to plar^ at cricket; 

treat with great contempt 
Crosscur, sm. a cricket-player 
Crotle, sf. dirt, mud; dung of 

animals 
Crotter, va. to dirt 
Crotiin, sm. dung of horses, S>c. 
Cro\iWmer\\,sinking{of a house,) 

shaking 
Crouier, va. to * sink, * shake 
(^roulier, e. a boggy 
Crou{)adi', sf. bounding of a 

horse 
Croiipe, croup; top of a hill 
Croupi, e. a. stagnated 
Croupier, sot croup, crovper 
Croupitl'te, */. crupper 
Croupion, sot. rump 
Croupir, vn.. to * stand st.ll; 

abide 
Croupissant, e. o standing 
Crousliile, .-/. pince of cru.^t 
Crousliller, vn. to * cut a cni.-t 
Crouslilleuseiiient, ad. comical- 
ly, with mirth 
Croustilleux, se. a. droll, delicate 
Croulc, sf. crust; scurf; rind 
I Croutelolte, a little ciust 
Crouton, sot. a crusty piece of 

bread 
Croyablc, 2. a. credible 
Croyance, sf. beliif, trust 
Croyant, sot. a believer 
CruautC, sf. cruelty; grievous ' 
thing I 

C rue he, a pitcher; llochhead ' 
j Crucfi^c, a pitcher-full 
Cruclion, sm. little pitcher 
' Crucial, u. a. crucial 



GUI 

Crucift;re, 2. a. cruciferous 
Crucifier, va. to crucify 
Crucitieiiieiit, sm. crucifixion 
Crucifix, a crucifix 
Crucifixion, sf. — zion 
Cru, e. a. raw; blunt; kard; un- 
mannerly; indigested; imper- 
fect 
Cru, S7a. growth; soil 
Crudite, .«/. rawness; crudity, 

indigestion 
Crue, increase 
Cruel, Ic. a. cruel, hn-d 
Cruellouic'iit, ad. crudbj 
Crueiueiit, bluntly, rashly 
Cturol, e. a. crural 
Cnislac6e, «. crustaccous 
Cruzadc, sf. cruzado 
Crypto, sf. burying vault 
Cu, cul, sm. bottom 
Cd de laiupo, a tail-piece 
Cu de ploiub, a sedentary man 
Cu de sac, a blind alley 
Cu bianc, white tail 
Cu de jalle, a lame man 
Cu de ba.sse fosse, a dungeon 
Cu d'arlichaut, bottom of an ar- 
tichoke 
Cube, sm.. a cube 
Cubaiioti, 5/. cubation 
Cubique, 2. a. cubical 
Cubital, e. a. cubital 
Cucurbitaiiis, sm. pi. flat worms 
Cucurbite, sf. cucurbitc 
Cueilie, a breadth of sailcloth 
Cueiiicret, s/rt. the rent roll of a 

manor 
Cueillefte, sf. haroest^gathering, 

collection 
Cueiileur, se. a gatherer 
Cueillir, va. to gather, to * pick 
Cueilloir, sm. fruit- basket 
Cuillor, sf. a spoon, ladle 
— a pot, a pot-ladle 
Cuilleree, a sitoonful 
Cuilleron, sm. bowl of a spoon 
Cuir, leather, hide 
Cuirasse, sf. a cuira.is 
Cuirasse, e. sf. with a cuirass; 

prepared 
Cuirassier, sm. cuirassier 
Cuire, v. to cook; digest; smart; 

bake; tq * do; * dress; digest 
Cuisant e. a sharp, smart 
CuUiue, sf. kitchen; cookery 



CUR 

Cuisiner, va. to cook 

Cuisinier, e. s. cook 

Cuissart, sm. thigh armour 

Cuisse, sf. thigh; leg of a fowl 

Cuissoii, dressing of victuals; 
smart 

Cuissot, sm. haunch of a deer 

Cuistre, servant in a college, pe- 
dant 

Cult, e. a. done; dressed; boil- 
ed, baked, roasted 

Cnile, sf baking 

Cuite des briques, burning of 
bricks 

Cuivre, sm. copper 

jauue, copper 

Cuivrer, va. to copper over 

Cul, bottom, see Cu, <^c. 

Culasse, sf. the breech of a gun 

Culbute, sf .overthrow ;hcels over 
head 

Culbuter, v. to * overthrow; * 
break; tumble 

Ciil6e, sf. butment of a bridge 

Culminant, a. m. — ating 

Culmination, sf. —tion 
Culminer, vn. to culminate 
Culot, sm. a nestling; dross 
Culotte, sf. breeches; hack part 

of a pigeon; rump of beef 
Culottiu, sm. close breeches; child 

newly breeched 
Culte, worship 

Cultivable, 2. a. capable of cul- 
ture 
Cultivateur, sm. husbandman 
Cultiver, va. cultivate, manure 
Culture, sf. culture, tillage 
Cumin, Am. cumine 
Cuinnlatif, ve. a. accumulative 
Cutnulativement, ad. accumula- 
tively 
Cumuler, va. to accumulate 
Cupidite, sf. cupidity, lust 
Cupidon, sm. Cupid 
Curable, 2. a. curable 
Curage, sm. cleansing 
Curatelle, sf. guardianship 
Curateur, rice, s. guardian 
Curatif, ve. a. curative 
CuTC, sf. a cure; living; par 

sonage; cleaning 
Cur6, sm. a parson, rector 
Cure-dent, a toothpick 
Cur6e, sf. hound's fees, carnagi 



DAG 



53 



Cure-oreille, sm. ear-picker 
CuTer,va. to cleanse, to * pick 
Cureur, sm. night-man; cleanser 
Curial,€, a. belonging to a par' 

Curie, sf. part of a tribe in aw 

cicnt Rome 
Curieusement, ad. curiously 
Cuiieux, se. a virtuoso 
Curion, sm. a priest instituted 

by Romulus [show 

Curiosiie, sf. curiosity, rare4 
Curviiigiic, 2. a. curvdineal 
Curvite, sf. curcity 
Curule (chaise,) curule chair 
Curures, sf. pi. dregs of a wett 

or sink 
Custode, sf. holster-cap, pyx 
Custode, sm. warden 
Cutanee, 2. a. cutaneous 
Cuticule, sf. cuticle, thin skin 
Cuve, a tub 
Cuveau, sm. little tub 
Cuvee, sf. a tab-full 
Cuver, vn. to work, fret 
Cuvette, sf. a cistern; a little 

ditch 
Cuvier, sm. a fish tub, bucking 

tub 
Cycle, cycle 

Cycle solaire, cycle of the sun 
Cycle lunaire, ou nombre d'of, 

cycle of the moon, or golden 

number 
Cyclopc, a cyclop, a smith 
Cygne, swan; great poet 
Cyliiidre, cylinder, roller 
Cylindrique, a cylindrical 
Cymbales, .</. pi. cymbals 
Cyniqiii!, 2. a. cynical 
Cynique, sni. a cynic 
Cynisme, moroseness, impudence 
Cypres, cypress-tree 
Czar, czar, emperor 
Czarine, sf. czarina 



D 



DACTYLE, sm. dactylt 
Dada, hobby horse 
Dadais, a booby 
Dague, */. dagger; pricket; t%uk 

de pr6v6t, cat o' nine tail* 

Oaguer, va. to stab 



54 



DAT 



DEB 



DEB 



Daigiier, va. to deign, vouchsafe 
Dagdel, sin. young slug 
Daim, a buck; deer 
Daine, sf. a doe 
Dais, sm. a canopy 
Dalle, sf. afiag (flat stone) 
Dalmatique, a. dalmatic 
Dam, sm. cost; loss; torments 
Damas, damask, dmnsoii 
Daraasquiner, va. tu damask 
Damasquinure, sf. —quining 
Daniasse, sm. damasked linen 
Damasser, va. to work damask- 
like 
Daiiiassure, sf. damasking 
Da;nc:, sf. lain, goo lij, draughts 

— dc; trefle, queen of clubs 
Dame-jeaime, a large bottla 
Dame, ad. nay, marry 
Iia.mGT,v a.to crown{ai draughts) 

— le pion, to * outdo one 
Dameret, sm. a beau., a spark 
Dainier, draught-board 
Damnable, 2. "a. damnable 
Da;uuableraent, ad. damnably 
Damnation, sf —lion 
Dainner, va. to damn 
Damoiseau, sm. a fop, spark 
Damoiselle, .'?/. a damsel 
Danch6, e. a. indented 
Dandin, sm. a ninny, a dandy 
Dandinement, sm. jolting 
Dandiner, va. to behave like a 

ninny 
Danger, sm. danger, 
Dangereusement, ad. danger- 
ously 
Dangereux, se. a. dangerous 
Dan5, pr. in, into, within; with 
Danse, sf. dance, dancing 
Danser, v. to dance 
Danseur, se. s. a dancer 
Dard, sm. a dart, spindle 
Darder, va. to dart, * shoot 
Dardenr, sm. dart-flinger 
Dariole, sf. a custard 
Dame, slice offish 
Darse, a wet dock 
Darsine, a small wet dock 
Dartre, tetter, ringworm 
Dartre farineuse, scurf 
Dataire, sm. datary 
Date, sf. a date 
Dater, va. to date 
Daterie sf. datary' s office 



Datif, sm. dutioe case 
Dade, sf. date (fruit) 
Datiier, sm. d its-tree 
Davaniage, ad. more; besides, 

moreover 
Daiibe, sf. a kind of sauce 
Daiijbfr, va. to drub, to jeer 
Daubeur, sm. bantercr; sneenr 
Davier, pincer for tseth 
Dauphin, dauphin; dolphin 
Daupliine, sf. Dauphincss 
D'autant que, c. whereas 
D'autant plus, ad. the more 

mieux, the rather 

De, pr. of, from, some, to, with, 

by, at 
De nuit, in the night 
De la sorte, so, thus 
De plus, moreover 
De par, in the name of 
De ce que, c. because, that 
D6 sm. die; thimble 
Debaclage, sm. clearing 
Debacle, sf. breaking of a frozen 

river 
Debaclement, sm. breaJdng of 

the ice 
D6bacler, vn. to break as ice in 
a river; clean a harbour, or 
door 
Debacleur, sm. water-bailiff 
Debagouler, va. to *talk at ran- 
dom 
Deballer, to unpack, to pack up, 

or * go away 
Debandade, a la d^bandade, 

confusedly disorderly 
Debandemenl, sm. relaxation 
Debander, va. to unlock, relax 
Se — , vr. to slacken; disperse 
Debanquer,t?a. to ruin the bank- 
er (gaming term) 
D6barassement, sm. clearing 
D6barasser, va. to clear; * get 

out 
D6barbouiller, to wash the face 
Debarcadour, sm. place for the 

landing of a ship's cargo 
Dibardage, unlading 
D6 harder, va. to unlade wood 
Debardeur, sm. a lighterman 
D6barquemcnt, disembarking 
D6barquer, v. disembark; land; 

unlade 
Dcbarras^er, va. to clear 



Dcbarrer, to unbar 
Diihat, sm. debate, strife 
Dtl'batcr, ca. * take off the. pack- 

sadile 
Dobafiser, to unchristian 
Debattre, to .lebote 
Se debattre, iir. to struggle; toss 
DebaiKhe, sf. debauchery 
Debauclie, sm. a debauchee 
Debauchee, sf. a lewd woman 
Debaucher, va. to debauch; to 

bribe, to entice aicay 
Se — , va. to folloxc ill courses^ 

* l''ave off one's work 
Debet, sm. balance, debtor 
Debitfer, va. to disorder; cloy 
Debile, 2. a. feeble 
Debilement, ad. feebly; weakly 
D6biiitation, sf. —tion 
Sy&hWn^, feebleness, —lity 
Debjiiter, va. to enfeeble 
Debit, sm. sale, utterance 
Debiter, ra. to vend, utter 

— en gros, to * sell hy wholesale 

— en detail, to * sell hy retail 
Debiteur, se. s. spreader ofnewi 
D6biteur, rice, o debtor 
Deblayer, va. to * rid, to clear 
D^boire. sm. twanrr, griff 
Deboitement, disjointing 
Deboitcr, va. to*put out of joint, 

to 7Carp 
Dobniidc.r, to open the dam 
Dobonder, vn. Se debonder, vr. 

to sluice out: * break forth 
Debondonner, va. to unhung 
Df-bonnaire, 2. a. affable; gra 

c/ou.^; kind; good 
Debonnairement, ad. kindly 
D6bon!iairet6, sf. kindness 
Dtibord, sm. spreading of bat 

humiiurs 
Debonl6, e. a. dissolute 
Dehordeinoiit, sm. overjlowing; 

proHin-ary 
Dcbordor, vn. Se d6border, vn. 

to * overflow [out 

Deborder, vn. to leap over; jut 
D6bord(!r, va. to unhorder 
D*^ hotter, to pull off one' .^ boots 
Delxjuch^, Deljoiichfment, sm. 

'-p-^ninrr, opportunity, means 
Di^boiKher, ra. ti* unstop; open 
D'bniirler, to unbuckle; uncurl; 

* uv wring 



DEC 



DEC 



DEC 



55 



Deboiiilli, sin. the trying of co 

lours (in dying) 
Ufcbouillir, va. to try colours in 

dying 
Debouquement, sm. disembogu 

ing; sailing off 
Debijiiquer, va. to sail out of a 

strait 
Dtibourber, va. to cleanse 
Debourier, to polish a young 

man 
Debours6, sm. money laid out 
Debourseinent, disbursement 
Dobourser, va. to disburse 
Debout, ad. up, standing 
Debouter, va. to reject (in law) 
DHboutouner, to unbutton 
Debrailler, (Se) vr. to open one^s 

breast 
Debredouiller, va. to save the 

lurch 
D6brider, to unbridle; despatch 
Debris, sm. wreck; waste; rub- 
bish 
Debrouillemcnt, clearing 
Debrouillcr, va. to clear" 
Dcbrutir, to polish^ clear off 
Debuclier, vn. to start out of the 

iDood (hunting term) 
Debusquenient, sm. driving out 
D6busquer, va. to * drive out, to 

supplant; turn ovt 
Debut, sm. the had, the begin- 
ning of an enterprise 
Debater, vn. to * begin; to knock 

away; to play first 
Deca, ad. on this side 
Dficacheter, ua. to unseal 
Decade, sf. drcade^iiumbcr of ten 
[)ecadciice, decay; decline; ruin 
Decagone, sm. decagon 
Decaijiser, va. to * take out of a 

chest 
Decalogue, sm. decalogue 
Decani6ron, dccauicron (ten 

days) 
Diicaiiipment, decampment 
Decaniper, va. to decamp; march 

off 
Decanat, sm. dranry 
D6cantation, sf. decanting 
Df^canter, va. to decant 
D6caper, to part iUr verdigrise 

from the copper 
Decapitation, .«/. beheading 



Ddcapiter, va. to behead 
Decarreler, to unpave 
D6casquer, to * take off' one's 

helmet 
D6ceder, vn. to decease; to die 
Deceindre, va. to ungird 
D6c6lement, sm. detection 
D6celer, va. detect, disclose, be- 
tray 
D6celeur, se. s. informer 
D6cembre, S7n. December 
D6cerament, ad. decently 
Decemvir, sm. decemvir 
D6cemviral, e. a. —ral 
D6cemvirat, sm. decemvirate 
Decence, sf. decency, decorum 
D6cennal, e. a. decennial 
Decent, e. a. decent, becoming 
D6ception, sf. deception, deceit 
Dccerner, va. to decree; ordain 
D6ces, sm. decease, death 
Decevant, e. a. deceitful; crafty 
Decevoir, va. to deceive 
Dechainement, sm. outrageous 

talk 
D6cliaincr, va. to unchain; to 

exasperate 
Se — , vr. * break loose; rail at 
D(^chalander, va. to * hurt a 

shop's custom 
D6clianter, to change one's note; 

to yield 
Decliarge, sf. unloading; volley; 
storehouse; casement ; dis- 
charge; acquittance 
Decliatfjer, va. to unload; dis- 
charge; ease; open. 
Dechargeur, sm. porter, dis- 
charger 
D6clianner, va. to unbeiritch 
Dcchai'iie, e. a. scraggy; Iran 
Decliaruer, va. to * pick off the 

flesh, â– * make lean, thin, lank 
Style decbarn6, ajrjnne stijlc 
D6chaussement, sm. the pulling 

off shoes or stockings 
Dechaiisser, va. to pull off on"' s 
tfhocs and stockings; bare the 
roots of trees; clear the tooth 
of a gum 
D6chaussoir, sm. lancet 
Dficheance, sf. forfeiture, loss 
D6ciiet, s?n. diminution, loss 
D6cheveier, t)a. to dishevel 
D6chevetrer, to unhaltcr 



D6chiffrable, 2. a. that can ba 

deciphered 
D6cliifFrement, sm. deciphering 
Dechiffrer, va. to decipher; clear 
Dccliiffreur, sm. a decipherer 
Dechiqueter, va. to pink; slash, 

* cut 
Decliiqueture, sm. a pinker 
D6chiqueture,5/. pinking; slasJ^ 

ing; cutting [boats, Src. 

D6chiirage, sm. breaking of old 
D6chirement, tearing, breaking 
D6chircr, va to * tear; defame 
Decliiruie, sf. rent 
Dechoir, vn. to decay, * fall off 
Decliouer, va. to ^ get off 
D6cider, lUcide; resolve; dispose; 

* put an end to 
D6cimable, 2. a. tUhablc 
Decimal, e. — mal 
D6cimatcur, sm. tithingman 
D6cimation, sf.—tion 
Decimer, va. to decimate 
D6cimes, sf. pi. the tenths 
Decircr, va. to free from wax; 

to clean 
Decisif, ve. a. decisive, clear 
Decision, sf. decision 
Di^cisivement, ad. positively 
Ducisoire, 2. a. decisory 
Declarnateur, sm. noity orator 
D6(!aniatiou, sf. —tion; abuse; 

bombast 
Declamatoire, 2. a. declamatory 
Declainer, v. declaim; inveigh 
Declaraiif, ve. a. —rative 
Declaration, sf.—tion; list 
Declaratoire, 2. a. — ratory 
D6c!arer, vn. to declare; shoio 
DcclJM, sm. decline; wane; end 
Declinable, 2 a. — ble 
Dediiiaison, sf. declension; dc 

clivation 
Deciinatoire, — tory 
i)ecliu(r, v. to decline; decay 
Declivite, .9/. declivity 
DecioJtre, c. «. vncloistcre.d 
D6clorre, v. to unclose, open 
Declos, e. a. disclosed, opened 
Decloner, vr. to unnnil 
Decoci'.enient, sm. shooting 
D^cncJier, va. to * shoot 
Dtcocfion. .<tf. decoction 
D6cojfler, vn. to uncoif; uncorhf 

discompose hair 



56 



DEC 



DED 



DEF 



Decollation, sf. beheading 
Decollemem, sm. ungluing 
D6colleie, e. a. uhose breast is 

bare 
Decoller, va. to unglue; behead 
Decolorer, to discolour, tarnish 
Decolleter, va. to uncover the 

breast 
D6conibrer,t« clear from Tmbbish 
D^combres, sm. pi. rubbish 
D6coinposer, va. to discompose; 

to dissolve, resolve 
Decomposition, sf. dissolving 
D6compte, sm. discount 
D6compter, va. to discount, de- 
duct; * give way 
Deconcerler, disconcert ; con- 
found, * put out, baffle 
Se — , vr. to be out of countenance 
Deconfire, va. discomfit; rout 
D6confilure, sf. discomfiture, 

rout, defeat 
D6confort, sm. despair 
D6conforter, va. to discomfort, 

* cast down, despond 
D6conseiller, to dissuade 
D6ct»ntenancer, to put out oj 

countenance, confound 
Deconvenue, sf. misfortune 
Dt>corateur, sm. decorator 
Decoration, sf. ornament 
Decorations, pi. scenes of a the- 
atre; scenery 
Decorder, va. to untwist 
Decorer. to decorate, adorn 
Decortication, .«/. — tion 
Decorum, sm. dtcorum, decency 
Decouclier, va. to * lie abroad 
Decoudre, en. to unsew; * rip up 
Decouler, vr. to trickle, to * run 

down 
DecouIement,«m. trickling; 7-un- 

ning; fluxion of humours 
Decoiiper, va. to * cut into fi- 

gurfs; to pink; to carve 
Decoupeur, se. s. a pinker 
Decouple, e. a. veil-set 
Decoupler, va. uncouple; let 

loote 
Decoupure, sf. pinking; cut 

cloth, cut paper- work 
Decouragement, sm. discourage- 
ment 
Decoura^or, va. to diswurage, 
dcfret* 



Decours, sm. decrease, wane 
Decousu, e. a. unsewed; out of 

order; ript 
Decousure,5/.a breach ofstitches 
Decouvert, e. a. uncovered; dis- 
covered; revealed; open 
Decouverte, sf. discovery 
Decouvrir, va. to uncover; dis- 
cover; perceive; reveal 
Se — , vr. to pull off one's hat; * 

make one's self known 
Decouvrir le pot aux roses, to 

discover the mystery 
Decrasser, va. to clean; polish 
Decreditement, sm. discredit 
Decrediter, va. to discredit 
Decrepit, e. a. decrepit; crazy 
Decrepitation, sf. — tion 
Decrepiter, va. to dry salt by the 

fire 
Decrepitude, sf. — tude, decay, 

craziness 
Decret, 5/71. decree, warrant 
Decretales. sf.pl. decretals 
Decreter, va. to decree, award; 

order 
Decri, sm.cryin/r down; disgrace 
Decrier, va. to cry down; to dis- 
grace; * make odious 
Decrire, va. to describe; draw a 

line 
D6crochement, sm. unhooking 
Decrocher, Decroctieter, va. to 

unhook 
Decroire, vn. to disbelieve 
Decroissement, sm. decrease 
D6croitre, rn. io decrease 
Decrotter, va. to rub off the dirt; 

clean 
Decrotieur, sm. a shoe-boy 
Decrottoire, sf. a shoe-brush 
Decruer du til, va. to prepare 

raw thread 
Decuirasser, to * take off one's 

cuirass 
Decuple, 2. a. sm. tenfold 
Decupler, va. to increase tenfold 
Decurie, sf. a committee of ten 
judges; band of ten troopers 
Decurion, sm. a decurion 
DedaiRner, r. to disdain, scorn 
Dedaigneusement, ad. disdain- 
fully 
Dedaigneux, se. a. disdainful, 
scornful 



Dedain, sm. disdain, scorn 
Dedale, a labyrinth, a maze 
Dedamcr, vn. to * put a man oitl 
of the first row {at draughts^ 
Dedans, ad. pr. in, within 
Detians, sm. the inside 
Dedicace, sf. dedication; eonstr 

cration 
D6dicatoire,2. a. dedicatory 
Dedier, va. to dedicaU; address 
Dedire, to disown, blame 

Se , vr. to recant, * go from 

one's word 
Dedit, sm. a forfeit 
Dedommagement,indemnifying, 

satisfaction 
Dedornmager, va. to indemnify 
Dedorer, to ungild 
Dedoubler, to unloin [tion 

Deduction, sf. —tion, cnumera 
Deduire, va. to deduct; deduce 
Deesse, sf. goddess 
Se detacher, vr. to * be pacified 
Defaillance, sf. fainting, swoon 
Defaillant, sm. he that contemns 

the court; wanting' 
Dofailiir, ca. to fail; to decay; 

to swoon 
Se defaire, vr. to * be dashed; 
* rid one's self of; kill one's 
self; * sell off; * leave off 
Defaite, sf. defeat, evasion 
Defalcation, —tion 
Detalquer, va. to defalcate 
Defaveiir, .«/. disgrace 
Defavorahle, 2. a. unfavourable 
Defavorablement, ad. unfavour- 
ably 
Detaut, sm. defect; blemish; 

want; default; flaw 
Detaut des cotes, small of the 
back (moon 

— de la lune, change of the 
Defectif, ve. a. defective 
Defection, .<:/. defection [ly 

Defectueusemenl, a'i. imperfcct- 
Defectueux, se. a. drftctive 
Defecluosiie, s/. defect 
Defenderesse. sf. she-defendant 
Defendeur, sm. defendant 
Defend re, va. to defend; prohi- 
bit; * forbid 
Se defendre, vr. to defend; (« 

excuse one's self 
Defenae, */. defence; prohibit**^ 



DEF 



DEG 



DEL 



57 



D6renses,;>Z. reply in law; fence; 

tus/is 
L»efenseur, sm. defender 
D6fensif, vc. a. defensive 
Defequer, va. to defecate; re- 
fine; clarify 
Def6rent, e. a. complying 
D6fereiice, sf. compliance; re- 
gard 
D6ferent, a. sm. deferent 
Deferer, i;. to yield; impeach; 

defer; decree; administer 
Deferler, va. to unfurl the sails 
D6ferier, vn. to * be dashed 

, va. to unshoe; nonplus 

Se , to * be confounded, 

come off 
D6fet, sm. waste 
D6fi, challenge, defiance 
Defiance, sj distrust; mistrust; 

suspicion; jealousy 
Defiant, e. a. diffident; jealous 
Deficit, sni. wanting 
Defier, va. to defy, challenge 

Se , vr. to mistrust, suspect 

l)6fis;urer, va. to disfigure; de- 
form 
D6file, sm. a defile 
Defiler, va. to * unstring, file off; 

frazc (as a cable) 
D(ifiiiir, to define; appoint; de- 
cree 
Definiteur, sm. dcfinitor 
Uefinilif, ve. a. definitive, per- 
emptory 
Definition, sf. —tion 
D6finilivemenl, ud. — vcly 
Definitoire, sni. the chapter of a 

religious order 
Deflagration, sf- — tion 
Dt.fl(Miiit, vn. to * shed blossoms 
Defluurir, va. * nip off the blus- 

.soiiis; take off the bloom 
Dt^llnrer, va. to corrupt, vitiate 
Defliixion, sf. defiuxion 
Di;fonceniont, sm. staving 
Defoncer une futaille, va. to * 

stave a ca.s/c 
D^former, to * put out of form 
D6fourner,* draw out of the oven 
Defrayer, va. to defray 



D6fnser, va. to uncurl 
D6froiicer, to * ^indo the gathers 
Se defroquer, * throw off' the 

monkish habit 
Defroque, sf. goods, movcubles 

left by death 
Defuiier, va. to unrig 
Defunl, e. a. deceased, late 
D6gage, (d6gr6) siu.back stairs 
D6gagenient, disengagement ; 
freeing; passage; calling in 
D6gager, vn. disengage; redeem 
D6gaiuer, va.* draw one's sword 
Degaineur, sm. a bully 
Deganter, va. to pull off one^s 

gloves 
Degarnir, to unfurnish; * strip, 

unrig 
Degasconner, to teach a Gascon 

to speak true French 
D6gut, sm. havoc; waste; spoil 
D6gaucliir, va. to plane; level 
D6gaucliissenieikt, sm. levelling, 

improving 
Degel, sm. thaw 
Degeler, va. to thaw 
Dt;g6n6rer, va. to degenerate 
Degingand6, e. a. swinging in 

one's gate 
D6gluer, va. to unglue; get rid of 
D6glutition, sf. deglutition 
D6goiser, vn. to blab, * chirp 
Degoigenicnt, sm. overflowing 
Dtgoigor, I'rt. to clear, purge, 
spread out 

Se , vr. to overflow; empty 

's self 
Degoigeoir, sm. an engine to 

clear a gun 
D6gourdi, e. a. sharp, acute, re 

vived 
D6gourdir, va. to quicken, to 

warm {water;) to polish 
Diigourdisseineut, sm. quicken 

ing; removal of numbness 
D6goul, disgu.^t; satiety 
Di';goutant, e. a. distrustful 
D6gout6, c. a. squeami.'^h; out of 

conceit with 
D6gouter, va. to di.'igust 
Se , vr. to * be out of con- 
ceit with 



Defricheiuent, sm. grubbing up 

D6fricher, va. to grub up; clear J Degouttaut, e. a. dropping 
Dfefricheur, sm he that grubs up I DCgoulter, vn. to * drop 
untiUid ground I Degradation, sf. —tion, waste 



Degrader, va. to degrade; waste, 

disgrace 
Degiartcr, to unclasp 
Degraisseinent, sm. scouring 
Degraisser, va. to scour; clean; 

* take away the fat 
D6gi aisseur, sm. a scourer 
Degrapiner, vn. to lift the small 

anchor 
Degie, sm. stair; step; degree; 

staircase 
Degringuier, vn. to * rtm down 

stairs; to tumble 
Degrosbir, to chip; to clear up; 

to fa.-hion 
Deguenille, e. a. tattered; in 

rags 
Degucrpir, va. to quit in a hurry 
Degueipissement, sm. quitting 
Deguiseinent, sm. disguise 
Deguiser, va. to disguise 
Diguslation, sf. —tion 
Dehdier, va. take off the swrt- 

burn 
D6hauch6, e. a. hipshot 
Dchaiuacljer, va. to unharness; 

* set free 
Dehors, ad. pr. out; abroad 
Deliors, sm. outside appearance; 

outworks 
D('j;'i, ail. already 
Ueicide, sm. dcicide 
Dejection,.-;/ a stool; depression 
Dejeler, vn. to jet out 
Sr — , vr. to warp [fast 

Dejfjuie, dejeuner, sm. break' 
Dejniner, vn. to breakfast 
D6ilication,.<?/. —tion; apothesia 
Dcilior, va. to deifij 
Dejoindre, to di.yoin, warp 
Deisnie, sm. d ism 
Deisle, a. deist, who believes in 
Qod, but admits no revealed 
religion 
D6ile, sf. deily 
Dejuc, sm. time when the hirds 

come from roost 
Dfjuchcr, vn. to unroost; coma 

down; * bring down 
De-la, ad. off'; from thence 
De-ra fi. de-la, up and down 
De-fii, pr. beyond, over, above 
Dei-Jilirenient, .sm. ruining; r%f 
inotis condition \rvin 

D61abier, va. to rend; impair; 



DEL 



DEM 



DEM 



D^lacer, to unlace 
D61ai, sm. a delay, adjournment 
D6laissement, desertion 
Delaisser, va. to forsake; * cast 

off 
Delassement, sm. refreshment, 

ease 
Delasser, va. to refresh 
D6lateur, sm. an informer 
Delation, sf. an information 
D^Iatter, va. to unlath 
D61av6, e. a. weak in colour 
Delayaut, 5m. diluter 
Delayer, va. to dilute; temper 
Delectable, 2. a. delightful 
Delectation, sf. deliifht 
D61ecter, va. to delight 
Delegation,.?/. — tiu7i,commission 
Dei6gatoire, 2. a. ddegatonj 
Dei6gu6, sm. a deputij; delegate 
Del6guer, va. to delegate; ap- 
point 
Deiestage, sm. unb Ulasttng 
D61ester, va. to unhallnst 
Deiesteur, s^n. unballastcr 
D61ibalion, sf. —lion 
Deiib6rant, e. a. unresolved 
Deliberation, sf. — tion, resolve 
Deliberaiif, ve. a. —live 
D61iber6, e. a. bold, resolute 
Delihereinnnt, ad. boldly 
Deifb6rer, vn. to deliberate; de- 

termini',, resolve 
Deiicar, e. «. di licate,ntce; weak 
Deiicatement, ad. — tcly; dain- 
tily; tenderly 
Deiicater, va. to pamper; cocker 
D6iicates.se, .«/. drlicacy; scru- 

pulousn'^ss; n^cencss 
Deiice, sm. delijin 
Deiices, .«/ pi. di light 
Deiiciei!sem«iil,-<trf. 'icUcioiuily 
DeiicieuY, se. a. delicious; vo- 
luptuous 
Re tieiicoter, vr. to unhalter 
Deiie, e. a. slendrr; u ulc; loose, 

fine; thin; itnti.'d 
Delier, va. to uniic, nlsolve 
Delineation, .</. — tion 
Deiinqnanl, sm. dlinqumt 
Deiinqner, vn. to offend 
Delire, sm. delirium, raving 
Deiit, jfa«lf, crime 
Deiivrance, .<?/. deliverance; de 
Uvering; release 



Delivre, sm. after-birth 
Deiivrer, va. to deliver, free 
Delogement, sm. a removing 
Deloger, va. to remove; to turn 

out 
— , vn. to go away, remove 
— a la sourdine, to leave one's 

house clandestinely 
De loyal, e. a. disloyal, pcrfdious 
Deloyaletncnt, ad. perfidiously 
Deloyauie, 5/. disloyeilty 
Deluge, 5m. delude, flood 
Deluter, va. to * take away the 

lute of a vessel 
Demaconner, va. pull down the 

walls 
Demagogue, sm. demagogue 
Demaigrir, va. to * cut off 
Demaigrissement, sm. cutting off 
Demaillotler, va. to unswathe 
Demain, sm. ad. to-morrow 
D6niancher, va. to unhnft 
Se — , vr. to * be off the hinges 
Demande, sf. demand, question, 

petition, suit, postulatum 
Deinander, vei. to demand; beg, 

ask, require 
Deniandeur, se. s. an asker; a 

dun 
Dcinandenr, sm. plaintiff 
ncinanderesse, sf. plaintiff 
Detnaniroaison, itching 
Denian<rcr, vn. to itch 
Demanteleinent, sm. di.<^mavt- 

ling. undoing 
DemanfHer, va. to di~mavtle 
Denianlibuie, e. a. broken; out 

of order 
Demaratie, .9m. unmooring 
Demarcation, .«/. (ligne de) an 

imn gin 'iry line to dinide coiin- 

triis, sens, A r 
Demarche, gait, proreeding 
Deniarier, r t. to un marry 
Demarquer, to vnmark 
Demarrcr, va. to unmoor; * sit 

sail 
Demasquor, va to unmask 
nema.-itiqiier, «rt separate, to free 
DeuiAter, to dismast, unmast 
Oemeie, sm. debate, quarrel 
Demf'ler, va. to S'j.nratc; dis- 

riiiirr, contest, unravel, disen- 
tangle, decide, pereeire 
Se — ', vr. to *■ get off clear 



Dcmeloir, sm. a winding-reel, g 
large comb 

Denieinbrement, sm. dismem 
bering, cutting off 

Demembrer, va. to dismember 
cut off 

Demenagement, sm. removing 
removal 

Demenager, vn. to remove , 
march away 

Deraence, sf. madness 

Se deraener, vr. to * make a bus 
tie 

Dementi, sm. lie; balk 

Dementir, va. to * give one the 
lie; to contradict; to dis- 
grace 

Se — ,v. to* be inconsistent; to 
fall, to warp 

Demerite, 5m. demerit; desert 

Demeriter, vn. to * do amiss 

Demesure, e. a. huge; excessive 

Demesur6meiit, ad. out of mea- 
sure; immoderately 

Demettre, va. disjoin; discard; 
dismiss 

Se — , tr. to resign; * have out 
of joint 

DemenMement,sm.unfurnishing 

Demeubler, va. to unfurnish 

Demeurant, sm. remainder 

Demeuraiit, e. a. living; dwell- 
ing; abiding 

Demenre, .-/. dwelling; stay; 
abode 

Domeurer, vn. to live, continue, 
* stay, rnnnin, tarry 

Demi, e. a. half, devii 

Demi, ad half 

Df-mie, 5/. half nn hour 

Dcnii-iuiie, half viuon 

Demi metal, sm. semi-metal 

l)emi-diam<'tre, semi-diameter 

Dcini-setier, half a pint 

nemi-quene, .«/. a hogshead of 
Champaign wine 

Demis, e. a. put out; removed, 
out of joint 

Demission, sf. resigning 

Democrate, sm. —crat, fond of 
a popular gorrrvment 

Democratic, .«/ d/mocracy 

nemocratique, 2. a. —tieal 

Demoiselle, sf. a miss, waitinf^ 
woman, rammer 



DEJ^ 



i)El» 



i)EP 



59 



D6niolir, va. to demolish; pull 

down 
Deiiiolilion. sf. demolishing 
Demon, sm a demon., devil 
Denioiiiaque, demoniac 
Dejnoiisiiable, 2. a. — ble 
Denionstraieur, sm. — tor 
Deiiioiistiaiif, ve. a. — tive 
DenKJiistration, sf. — tion; assu- 
rance 
Demonstrativement, ad. clearly 
Uenionter, va. to unhorse, * take 
to pieces, confound, dismount, 
* undo, nonplus 
Ddmonlrer, to demonstrate, to 

describe 
Denioraliser,i;tt.fo corrupt, stain 
Deuiordre, vn. * let go one's 

hold; recede from 
Demouvoir, va. to * take off 
D6muiiir, to uvprovide 
Demurer, to open a wall 
D6natter, to untwist, unmat 
Denatur6, e. a. unnatural; cruel 
D6naturer, va. to pervert; to 

misconstrue 
Dendrite, sf. stone with figures 

of trees 
Denegation, sf. denial 
D6ni, sm. denial, refusal 
Deniais6, cunning J'dlow 
Ueniaisoment, sharping trick 
Deniaiser, va. to * teach wit; to 

bubble 
Se — , vr. to* learn wit; to* grow 

sharp 
D6niaiseur, sm. sharp fellow 
Deniclier, va. to unnestle, to 

dislodge 
— vn. to * brush off; march away 
D6niclieur, sm. who goes a bird- 
nesting 
Denier, money, interest, farthing 

— tie poids, pcnny-wiight 

— a dieu, earnest-penny 

— vingr, Jive per cent. 

— vingt-cinq, four per cent. 
Denier, va. io deny, refuse 
Deniers du roi, sm. pi. king's 

treasure 

— d'octroi, a toll, or passage- 
penny 

D6nigrement, s?a. slandering. — 
Un grand denigrenient, a 
heavy disgrace 



D6nigrer, rw. to revile; slander 

Denombrement, sm. enumera- 
tion, list, survey 

Denominateur, —natur 

Denominatif, ve. a. — tive 

Denoiniiiation, sf. — tion 

Deuommer, ra. to name 

Denoiicer, to proclaim; to i.i- 
form against, impeach 

Denonciateur, sm. an informer 

D6noncialion, sf. informing 

Denotation, — tion 

Uenoter, va. to denote 

Denouer, to unite; * make sup- 
ple; unravel 

Denouement, sm. discovery, ca- 
tastrophe of a play 

Deiir6e, sf. commodity, ware, 
provisions 

Dense, 2. a. dense, thick 

Densit6, sf. density, thickness 

Dent, a tooth, notch, gap 

Dents, pi. teeth, notches 

Dents dev ant, foreteeth 

machelieres, jaw-teeth ; 

grinders 

incisives, incisors 

de lait, young teeth 

oeilleres, eye-teeth 

Dent-de-lion, dandelion 

Dental, e. a. dental 

Dent6, e. a. notchcd,indentcd 

Dentee, sf. a bite 

Dentele, e. a. jagged 

Denteler, va. to indent, jag 

Dentfclle, sf. bone lace 

Denlelure, inderMng, notching; 
dented work 

Denticule, denticles 

Dentier, sm. set of teeth 

DentifVico, dentifrice 

Dcniistc, dentist 

Dentition, sf. —tion, cutting of 
teeth 

Denture, sf. set of teeth 

Denudation, denudation 

D6nucr, vr. to bereave, * strip 

Denuement, s?«. drjirivntivn 

D6paquotcr, ra. to * unpack 

Deparager, to marry a girl be- 
low her condition 

D6pareille, e. a. not completeffT)i 
unmatched 

D^parciller, va. to unmatch 

D6parcr, to * strip, disfigure 



Deparier, to unmatch 
Deparler, to* give over talking 
Depart, sm. diparttire, parting 
Dcpartager, vn- to * give the 

casting vote 
Departenient, sm. department; 

distribution; district; quarters 
Dejjartir, va. to imparl; to dis' 

tribute 
Se — , vr. to desist; recede from 
Depasser, va. to * go faster, to 

* get beyond, to pull out 

Depaver, to unpave 

D6payser, io curry one into an- 
other country; to * put on a 
wrong scent 

D6p6cement, sm. cutting up 
Depecer, va. to * cut up; carve 
Depeclie, sf. despatch; express 
Depeclier, va. to despatch 
Se — , vr. to * make haste 
D6peiiidre, va. to depict, de- 
scribe, represent, express 
Depenaill6, e. a. ill clad 
D6pendamment, ad. —dently 
Dependance, sf. dependence 
Dependant, e. a. held of another; 

depending 
Dependre, vn. to depend on; * 

hang on; * take down; hold 
Depens, sm. pi. expense; cost 
Depense, sf. expense; till; pantry 
Dei)enser, va. to * spend 
Depensier, sm. expensive man; 

purveyor 
De perdition, sf. —tion 
Deperir, vn. to decay 
Deperist^cnient, sm. decaying 
Depetrer, va. to disengage; to 

* get rid of 
Di'peuplenient, sm. depopulation 
Dcpcuplor, va. lu diiptoplc 
Depilalif, vo. a. (upilutury 
D6pilation, sf. — tioJi 
Depilatoire, sm. —tory 
Depilur, vn. to cause the hair to 

conic off 
l>epiqu(;r, to allay resentment 
Depil, 67«. vexation; pet; ange 
Depitor, va. to vex; to provoke 
Se — , vr. to frit [sionate 

tpileux, se. a. fntful; pas- 
Deplacenient, sm. displacing 
D6placcr, va. to displace; re 



60 



DEP 



DER 



DES 



D^plaire, vn. to displease 
Se — , vr. not to like 
Iteplaisance, sf. dislike 
D6jtlaisaiit, e. a. disagreeable 
Depiaitir, sin. displeasure; ill 

q{jict; urief; trouble 
Deplanter, va. to * pluck up 
Depiantoir, sm. deplanter 
DepJalier, va. to uvplaster 
Deplier, to unfold; open 
U<iplisser, to unplait 
Deplorable, 2. a. deplorable 
Depiurabieineiit, ad. — rally 
Deplore, e. a. desperate; past 

hope 
Dnp'orer, va. to deplore 
De plover, to display 
Depiuincr, va. to plume; * strip 
Depolir, to unpoUsh 
Deponent, s/rt. a. deponent 
Depopiiiaiiier, va. to deprive of 

popularity 
Depopulation, sf. —lion 
Depoii, sm. delay .first fruits of 

a liriiig 
Deportation, sf. transportation 
Deporleineiit, sm. deiiorlmmt 
Deporter, va- to banish; exile 
!?e deporter, vr. to recede from 
Deposant, e. a. s. deposunt 
DejKJser, vn. to depose; to re- 
sign; to deposit 
Depobitaire, 5. depositary; con- 
fident 
rieposiiion, sf. — tion; deposing 
Deposg6der, va. to dispossess 
Depos.-essioii, sf. turning out of 
possession [pust 

De poster, va. to * drine from a 
Depot, sm. deposit: trust; chest; 

settling; ^tdimevt 
Depot«r, va. to take out; to emp- 
ty 
Depoudrer, comb out the powder 
Depouille, sf. skin; cast off 
clollies; books; crop; employ- 
ment or en'icls of a deceased 
person; upcil; slough 
Dfc|Miii)liiintnt, sm. stJf-denial; 
parting with an;/ thing 



get 

cast off 
Depourvoir, va. to unfumish 
have destitute; deprive 



Depravation, sf. — tion, corrup- 
tion 
Depraver, va. to deprave 
Deprecatif, ve. a. —tive 
Deprecation, sf. —tion 
Deprecier, va. to undervalue 
Depr6dateur, sin. — dator, robber 
Depredation, sf. —tion, robbery 
Depreder, va. to plunder 
Deprendre, va. to part; loosen 
Se — , to extricate one's self 
Depreoccupe, e.a. unjiripossess- 
De-pres, ad. near [ed 

Depression, sf. depression 
Deprier, va. to dismvite 
Depriiner, to depress, debase 
Depriser, to despise, vilify 
Depuis, ad.pr. since; from; after 

— qiiand? how long? 

— pen, not long since 

— long terns, this great while 

— que, c. since 
Depuration, sf. —Hon 
Depuratif, ve. a. purifying; 

cleansing 
Depuratoire, 2. a. —tory 
D6purer, va. to depurate 
Deputation, sf. — tion 
Deput6, sm. a deputy, delegate 
Deputer, va. to depute, *send 
De quoi, pro. uherewilhal; what 

of; reason, matter 
Deracinement, sm. rooting vp 
Deraciner, va. to root up or out 
Deraison, sf. noiiscnse 
D6raisonnable, 2. a. unreasona- 
ble, unjust 
Deraisonnablement, ad. unrea- 
sonably 
T)eiciisonneT,vv.*speak nonsense 
Derangement, sm. disorder, con- 
fusion 
D6ranger, va. disorder, embroil 
Se — , vr. to*take to bod courses 
Derate, e. a. cunning, sharp 
Se derayer, vr. Kx. Une roue 
qui se deraye, a jxheel with 
loose spokes 
Derechef, ad. again, anew 
D6regle,-e. a. dfsorderly; unruly 



Dtpouiller, va. to * strip; to * per6glenienl, sm. irregularity, 
n the crop; deprive; *' debauchery, disorder 



Dor^glement, ad. disorderly, 

loosely, unruly 
Der6gler, va. to disorder 



Se der^gler, vr. * grow lewd; 

* be out of order 
Derider, va. to smooth, clear up, 

unwrinkle 
Derision, sf. deiision, ridicule 
Derisoire, 2. a. derisory, derisive 
Derivation, sf. —tion, orig-in 
Derivatif, ve. a. — tive 
Derive, sf. c ship's Ite-icay 
Derive, 57/1. a derivative 
D6river, ra. to* put off from the 

shore; deflect from the course; 

derive; unclinch 
Dernier, e. a. last; utmost; 

worst; greatest; highest 
Dernier, sm. the last; the utmost 
Dernierement, lately, newly 
Derober, va. to rob; conceal, 

deprive; *hide; divest 
Se — , vr. to * steal away 

Derogation, sf. tion 

Derogatoire, 2. Derogeant, e. a. 

derogatory 
T)erogeauce,sf. degrading action 
Deroger, vn. derogate, degrade 
Deroidir, va. unstiffen; supple 
Derouillenient, sm. rubbing off 

the rust 
Derouiller,ra. to rub off the rust 
Derouler, to unroll 
De route, sf rout, disorder, defeat 
Derouter, va. bewilder, puzzle 
Derrieie, pr. behind; backward 

, sm back part 

Dervis, ou Derviche, a dervis 
Des, pr.from, which, at 

— que, c. when, since; us soon at 

— aujouid'liui, this very day 

— lore, /ro/n that time; then 
n^sahusenient, sm. undeceiving 
D6sabuser, va. to undeceive 
D6saccorder, to vntune 
Desaccouplir, to uncouple 
Desaccoulunier, to icean from 
Desachalander, to*hurt the cus- 
tom of a shop 

Desaffourcher, va. to heave up 

an anchor 
Desagencer, to disorder 
Desagr6able, 2. a. di.'^agreeable 
D6sagreablenient, ad. disagree- 
ably [unrig 
D6sagr6er, vn. to displease; to 
D6sygrement, sm. disagreeable 
ncss; vexatioti 



DES 

O^eajuster, va. to discompose 
D6salterer, to quench the thirst 
Desancrer, vn. to weigh anchor 
Desappareiller, va. to umiiatch 
D^sappliquer, to divert from 
D6sappointcr, to cashier; also 
used now by many people in 
the English sense of to disap- 
point 
Desapprendre, to * forget 
Desappropriation, sf. divesting 
Se desapproprier, vr. to divest 

one's self 
Desapprouver, va. to disapprove 
Desaiconner, to unhorse, to non- 
plus 
Desargenter, to * wear off the 

silver; to drain off cash 
Desarmement, sm. reduction of 

forces; unrigging of ships 
Desarmer, va. to disarm; to un- 
rig; to appease 
Dtsarrol, sm.disorder, confusion 
Desassemblcr, va. to * take to 

pieces 
Desassortir, to unmatch 
Desastre, sm. a disaster 
Desastreux, se. a. disastrous 
Dcsavantage, sm. disadvantage 
Desavaniageuseuicnt, ad. dis- 

advantageously 
Desiivaiilageux, se. a. disadvan- 
tageous 
DCsavcu, S771. disavowment; de- 
nial 
Desaveugler, vn. to uablind 
Diisavoiier, va. to disavow; de- 
cry; disown; deny 
Descendance, sf- descent 
Descendant, sm. offspring; the 

ebb 
Descendre, vn. to descend; * come 

down; light off' or out 
Descendre, va. to take down 
Descente, sf. descent; taking 
down; declivity; invasion; 
rupture; deflax; gutter 
Description, — tion 
Desemballage, sm. unpacking 
Desemballer, va. to * unpack 
Desenibarqueinent, sm. landing 
Desembarquer, va. to unlade, 

to disembark 
Desernbouiber, to * take out of 
the inire^ 



DES 

D6semparer, to quit a place; lay 

up a ship; disable 
D6sempenn6, a. at random, 

helpless (old) 
D6seinpeser, va. to unstarch 
D6semplir, to empty a little 
D6senchainer, to unchain 
Deaenchantement, sm. disen- 
chanting 
Desenclianter, va. to disenchant 
Desenclouer, to unnail a cannon 
Dtisendonni, e. a. just awake 
Desentiler, va. to unthread 
Desenfler, remove a swelling; 

unswell 
D6senflure, sf. unswelUng 
Desenivrer, vn. to remove drunk- 
enness 
Se desenlacer, vr. to disentangle 

one's self 
Desennuyer, va. to divert 
Desenrayer, va. to unbind a 

wheel; to * leave work 
Desenr61er,£o dismiss {a soldier) 
Descnrouer, cure the hoarseness 
Desenrhumer, to cure a cold 
Desensabler, to get off a boat, 

(i'-c. that has run aground 
Deseusevelir, to * dig out of the 

grave 
Desonsorceler, to unbewitch 
Desensoicellement, sm. iinbe- 

w itching 
Desenieter, va. to undeceive, to 

* bring to reason 
Doseutorliller, to untwist 
Uesentiaver, to unfetter 
Desert, e. a. desert, solitary 

, sm. desert; wilderness 

Deserter, va. to * lay uaste; to 

desert; to * run away 
Deserteur, sm. deserter 
Desertion, sf. —tion, deserting 
Desrsperade, a la desesperaUe, 

desperately 
Desespere, sn. desperado 
Desesperee,.*/ desperate woman 
Desesperenieiit, ad. desperately 
Destl'sperer, vn. to despair 
Desesperer, va. to * drive to de- 
spair; provoke; make mad 
&e desesperer, u/'. to * be frantic; 

to make away with one's S'lf 
Desespoir, sm. despair, grief 
Desliabillti, aw xindress 



DES 



61 



D6shabiiler, va. to undress 
D6shabit6, e. a. umnhabited 
Deshabiter, va. to dispeople 
D6shabiteur, to disaccustom,di»- 

use 
Desh6rence, sf. desherison 
Desheriter, va. to disinherit 
Deshonnete, 2. a. dishonest; in- 
decent; shameful 
D6shonnetement,fld. dishonestly 
Deshonnetet6, sf. dishonesty 
Deshonneur, sm. dishonour; dis- 
grace; discredit 
D6shonorable, 2. a. disgraceful 
D6shonorablement, ad. shamo- 

fnlly 
Deshonorer, ra. to disgrace; dis- 
parage 
D<ishuinaniser, to divest of hw- 

manity 
Designation, sf. appointment; 

description 
Designer, va. to describe; denote; 

appoint; assign; design 
Desincorporer, to disincorporate 
Desinance, sf. termination 
Desint'atuer, va. to undeceive 
Desinf'ecter, to disinfect 
Desinfection, sf. disinfection 
D6sint6ress6, e. a. disinterested; 

uninterested; indemnified 
DesinT,eress6nient, sm. disinter- 
estedness 
Desint6ress6ment, ad. imparti- 
ally 
D6siiu6resser, va. to indemnify 
D6sinviter, to disinvitc 
D6sir, sm. desire, wish, longing 
Desirable, 2. a. desirable 
Desirer, va. to desire, wish, long 

for 
Desireux, se. a. desirous 
Desistenieut, sm. desisting 
Se d6sister, vr. dtsist; * giw 

over 
Des lors, ad. from that time 
Desobeir, vn. to disobey 
Desobeissance, sf. disobedience 
Desobeissant, e. a. disobedient 
Desobligeanaueut, ad. unkindly 
Dtsobligeant, e. a. disobliging 
Desobligeanto, sf. a narrow car- 
riage for one pirson; a sulky 
Desobligcr, va. to displiast 
D<'soccupaiioii, sf. Itisure 



62 



DES 



DET 



DET 



Dcsoccujie, e. a. unemployd; at 

leisure 
Se d6soccuppr, vr. to retire from 

business 
Dcs-CBuvre, e. a. out of work 
Desolaiit, e. a. grievous 
Dcsolateiir, rice. *-. desolator 
Desolation, sf. — tion; extreme 

grief; ruin 
Dusoler, va. to afflict^ to * lay 

waste 
Desopiler, va. to open, to dear 
D6sordoni)6, e. a. inordinate 
D^sordoniiciuent, ad. disorderly 
Dtisoidre,sm.disordtr; debauche- 
ry; tumult; havock 
Desorgaiiisateur, sm. a disturber 
Dc'sorganiser, va- to unorganize, 

to disturb 
Desorieiuer, va. to*put out, dis- 
concert 
Desorinais, ad. henceforth 
D6sorner, va. to * take off an 

ornament 
Dcaosser, to bone, unbone 
D6sourdir, to unravel; unwarp 
Desponsation, sf. a solemn en- 
gagement of a marriage 
Despote, sm. a despot; a scourge 
Desjwtiiiue, 2. «. despotic 
Despotiqueriient, ad. — lically 
Dcsjio isine, sm. despotism 
Dcspuinatioii, sf despumation 
Despuiiier, va. to * take off the 

scum 
Se dcssaisir, vr. to disseise, to * 
give up [ing 

Dessaisisseinent, sm. dispossess- 
Dcssaisonner, va. to manure un- 
seasonably 
Desoale, e. a. uncalled, cunning 
Dessaler, va. to freshen, unsalt 
Dessangler, to ungird 
Dessechanl, e. a.dcsiccative 
Dess^chement, sm. a drying 
Des^eclier, va. to wither; to 

drain; to dry up 
Dessein, sm. design, drawing, 
plan, pattern 

— a dessein, ad. on purpose 
Desseller, va. to unsaddle 
Dcpserre,.''/- opening of the purse 

— dur a la desserre, close fisted, 
stitigy 

Desserrcr, va. to loosen; wrench 



Dessert, sm. desert, fruit 
Desseile, sf. that which comes 
from the table; parochial duty 
Desservaiit, sm. vicegerent 
Desservir, va. to clear the table; 

to * do an ill office 
Dessicatif, ve. a. desiccative, 
DessiHer, va. to open one's eyes; 

undeceive 
Dessinatuur, sm. a designer; 

drawer 
Dessiiier, va. to design; * draw; 

delineate 
Dessoler, to unsole 
Dessouder, to unsolder 
Dvissoudure, sf. unsoldering 
Dessouler, v. * make, or * be so- 
ber (low) 
Dessous, ad. pr. under; beneath 
Dsssons, sm. the under part 
Dessus, ad. pr. above., upon, 
, sm. the top; treble; super- 
scription 
Destiu, sm. destiny, fate 
Destinalloii, sf. —tion, appoint- 
ment 
Destinee, destiny, fate; pros- 
perity 
Dcstiiier, v. to design, appoint 
Destituable, 2. a. that may be 
turned out of his place; pre- 
carious 
Destitu6, e. destitute; deposed 
Destitiur, va. to depose; deprive 
Destitution, sf. deposing 
Deslructeur, rice. ^ destroyer 
Destruction, sf. — tion, ruin 
Desuetude, cessation from bring 

accustomed; disuse 
Dosunion, disunion, variance 
Desunir, vn. disunite; divide 
Se — , vr. * fall out; * come 

asunder 
Dttaclicnieut, s-m. detachment; 

disengagement; impartiality 
D(!?tacher, va. to detach, untie; * 

take off; * undo 
Se — , vr. to loosen; * leave off; 

go off 
Detacher, to * take off a stain 
Detacher une ruade, to kick up 
Detail, sm. retail; particular ac- 
count; particulars 
D6tailler, va. to * cut in pieces; 
retail; * tell particulars 



Detaiileur, sm. a retailer 
Detaler, va. to* shut shop; scour 

off; run away 
Diiteindre, va. to discolour 
Se — , vr. to * lose its colour 
Detekr, va. to unyuke; unteam 
Detendre, to unbend; * take 

down 
Deteiiir, to detain, * withhold 
Detente, sf. a trigger 
DeteniL'ur, rice. s. one that keeps 
wrongfully another man's 
estate 
Detention, sf. — tion, detaining 
Delerger, va. to purge, clean 
Deterioration, sf. —tion; wasta 
D6teriorer, vd. to waste; * spoil 
Determination, sf. —tion 
Determine, e. a. bold, froward 

, sm. a desperado 

D6termiu6menl, ad. absolutely; 

boldly; positively 
Determiner, va. to determine; 

resolve 
Se — , vr. to * be resolved 
D6terrer, va. toJ^fftg out of th* 

grave; to discover 
Dcterreur, sm. a discoverer 
Detersif, ve. a. detersive 
D6testable, 2. a. detestable ' 
D6tcstableinent, ad. abominablr 
Detestation, sf. — tion 
Diitestcr, va. to detest; abhor 
Detirer, to * draw out a stuff 
Detiser, to rake out the fire 
Detonation, sf. —Hon 
Detonncr, va. to jar; be out oj 

tune 
— fc fuiniiner, to expel from mi 

ncrals the volatile parts 
Detordre, untisist, ."prain 
D6torqucr, to wrest, to force 
D6torse, sf. a sprain 
D6toriiller, va. to untwist 
D6toupilloner, va. to lop a tree 
D6tour, sm. winding; byway; 

way about 
Detourn6, e. a. turned away 
Detourner, va. to turn aside; 
wrest; embezzle; dissuade; 
deter; divert 
Se , vr. to *go about; * leavt 

D6tracter, va. to slander 
D6tracteur, sm. slanderer 



DEV 

Diitiaction, sf. — tioii, slander 
Dotniquor, to * put out of order; 

seduce; * take from 
Deticjiipe, sf. water culours 
Detreniper, va. to dilute; soften 

steel 
D6tresse, sf. distress 
Detrier, sm. a led horse 
Detrinieiit, sm. —ntr.nt, loss 
Diitroit, straits; frith; defile; 

precinct; district 
Delromper, va. to undeceive 
Djtioneiuenl, srn dethroning 
DiJtioner, va. to dethrone 
Detioussor, to untuck, rifle 
Detioiisseur, sm. a robber 
Detruirc, va. destroy; demolish 
iiii — , vr. to * fall to ruin 
Dette, sf. debt; duty 
Dette active, a debt dan to us 

passive, d'jht owing to others 

Dovaiur, v. to * let down 
Devaliser, va. to rob 
Devaaceuicnt, sn. out-running 
Devanccr, va. to * outstrip; * 

outrun; prcoenii. precede 
Devancier, e. s. predecessor 
Devaiit, ad. pr. bifore; over- 
against 

que, before; before that 

Devaut, sm. forepart 
Deva:itior, sm. coarse apron 
I)^.\'astalmi,.<>f.- ti.on,desolation 
D6 vaster, va. to * lay waste 
Diiveloppeaieiit, sm. unfolding 
Developper, va. to unfold; un- 

raocl 
Deveriir, vn. to * become; * grow 
De venter, va. to * lose the wind 
(said of the sails of a ship wiieii 
the wind siiifts) 
Devergonde, e. a. shamdrss 
DViverrouiller, va. to unbuU 
D6vers, e. a. warped; crooked; 

not perpendicular 
Devers, pr. towards^ about 
Par — , by, to 

Deverser, vn. to * bend, lean 
D6vetir, va. to * strip; undress, 

deprive 
Se — , vr. to divest one^s self 

Deviation, sf. tion 

D6vidage, stn. the winding into 

a bottom 
Divider, va. to * wind to a skein 



DIA 



D6videur,se.5.fA«t 

a winder 
Devidoir, sm. a red, spindle 
Deuil, mourning, sorrow 
Devin, e. s. conjurer 
Deviner, va. to dinine, guess 
Devineresse, sf, a divincrcss 
Devineur, sm. diviner; conjurer 
Devise, estimate of a building; 

dialogue; talk 
Devisager, va. to disfigure the 

face 
Devise, sf. device; motto; posy 
Deviser, vn. discourse togettier; 

to chat 
D6voile»ient, sm. unvcihnfr 
D6voiler, va. to unveil; reveal 
Devoieiaent, sm. looseness 
Devoir, duly; a boy's task 
, va. tu owe; to * be; * must; 

* be bound; * ought 
Devole, sf. the having no trick 

at cards 
D6voiu, e. a. devolved; escheat- 



DIE 



63 



de- 



ed 
Devolu, sm. lapse of right, 

volution 
D6 volution, sf. —tion 
Devoraiit, e. a. aeoouring; ra- 
venous 
D6vorateur, sm. n dcvourcr 
Dovorer, va. to devour, consume, 

brook, stifle 
Devot, e. a. s. drvout, votary 
Devo:onient, a>l. devoutly 
Devotion, */. —tion, disposal 
Dcvoueinenl, sm. devutednv.is 
Devouer, va. to devote; dedicate 
D6voy6, e. a. astray; erroneous 
Duvoyer, va. to mis 1/ ad, err 
Deuterononie, sm. —nomy 
Ueux, a. two 

, fois, twice 

, sm. two 

Deuxienie, 2. a. s. second 
Deuxiemcment, ad. secondly 
I3extcrit6, sf. —rity; skill 
Dextre, the right hand (old) 
Dextreinent, ad. dextrously 
Diable, sm. devil, the deuce 
Diableinent, ad. devili.vhly 
Diablerie, sf. witchcraft, devilish 

trick 
Diablesse, a shrew 
Diablotin, sm. a little devil 



nds skeins, Diaiiioiins, sm. pi. chocolate svr 
gar plums 
Draboiique, 2. a. diabolical; do- 

viUsh 
Diaboliqucinerit, ad. —lically 
Diacode, sm. — dium, syrup of 

poppies 
Diaconat. deaconry 
Diaconesse, sf. deacones 
Diacre, sm. a deacon 
Diadenie, a diadem; crown 
Diagnosiique, 2. a. s. diagnos- 
tic 
Diagonale, sf. a diagonal 
Diagonalenient, ad. — nally 
Dialecte, sm. dialect; idiom 
Dialecticien, a logician 
Dialectique, sf. — tic; logic 
Dialectiquement, ad. like a lo- 
gician 
i)ialogis;le, s. — gist 
Dialogue, sm. dialogue, colloquy 
J)ia!oguer, v. to dialogue; to * 

put scenes in dialogue 
niansant, sm. diamond, adamant 
Dianiantaire, alapidary 
Diametral, e. a. —trial 
Diametralcment, ad. diametri- 

cully; directly 
Dlanietre, sm. diameter 
IJiapason, an octave in music; 

concord; union 
Diaphane, 2. a. transparen 
Diaplian6il6, sf. transparency 
Diaphoretique, 2. a. pui-gin^ 
DiapiirajTnie, sm. midrijf 
Diapre, c. a. diapered 
Diaprure, sf. diapering 
Diarrliee, diarrhcea 
Diastole, diastole, dilatation 
Diatonique, 2. a. diatonic 
Dichotoniie, sf.^my; the half of 

the moon 
Dictanie, sm. dittany 
Dictateur, dictator 
Dictatiire, sf. dictatorship 
Dictee, copy; what is dictated at 

one time 
Dieter, va. to dictate, prompt 
Diction, sf. diction; style 
Dictionnaire, sm. dictionary 
Dicton, common saying, proverb 
Didactitiue, 2. a. didactic; doc- 
trinal 
Di6rese, sf. diceresis, division 



64 



DIL 



DIR 



ms 



DiLse, Diesis, sm. diesis; sharp 
Dieie, sf. dit, assembly 
DIEU, s,a. GOD 
Dieu-doiiii6, Dcodatus, a title ej 

flattery 
Dittuiiiaat, e. a. drfamivg 
Ditlhnialcur, sm. a defamer 
Uitfaomiioii, sf. culumny 
Difiainatoire, 2. a. defamatory 
Uiffaiucr, va. to defame; slan- 
der 
DiiiertMnment, ad. differently 
Ditiereiicf, sf. dij^erance 
Ditlereiicit.r, va. to distinguisk 
DiJierend, sm. variance; dilfer- 

€71 ce 
Diti'erent, e. a. differing; unli/cc; 

various 
Dilferer, v. to differ; delay 
Dilficile, '2. a. dijicult, hard-, 

crabbed 
Difficiloment, ad. with difficulty: 

hardly 
Difficulie, sf. difficulty; doidt 
Difficiillueux, se. «. cxaptious 
Ditfoniio, i- a. mishapf/i. 
Diffornier, va. to defona 
Diiroriuite, sf. deformity; ugli- 
ness 
Dirtus, e. a. diffuse; tedious 
Ditfiiseiiient, ad. diffusely 
Dittusioii, sf. sprctiding 
l>ii:esle, sm. «//n-(S/.<, pandects 
Digestif, ve. a digestive 
Digestion, sf. digestion, concoc- 
tion 
Digiiale, fox-glove 
Digne, ii. c. worthy, deserved 

de foi, crcdH.le 

Di^cnient, ad. worLhihj 
Diaiiitaire, sm. diisnilanj 
Diirtiitc, sf. dignity, honour 
Di<rno, a dyke, h<\n/;, pier 
Dii^ressioii, digre.'fsion 
Dilac6ratioii, —tim 
Dilac»irer, va. to lacerate 
Dilapidation, sf. —tioa 
Dilapider, va. to dilapidate 
Dilatation, sf. widrnivg 
Diiatatoire, sm. dilator 
Dilaler, va. to dilate, extend 
Dilayer, va. to pitt off 
Dilatoire, 2. a. dilitory; making 

delays 
Dilection, sf. — tion. loijs 



Dilenime, sm. dilemma; trouble, 

difficulty 
Diligeninient, ad. diligently 
Diligence, sf. diligence, careful- 
ness; stage-machine 
Diligent, e. a. diligent; quick 
Diiigenter, vn. to fia.-tm 
Dimanche, sm. Sunday 
Dime, Dixine, sf. tithe 
Dimension, dimtnsiun, size 
Dinier, va to tit'ie 
Dimeiir, dixmeur, sm. a tithcr; 

tithe-gatherer 
Diininuer, va. to dimini.<h; less- 
en 
Diniinutif, ve. a. diminutive 

. sm. II diminutive 

Diminution, sf. — tion; decrease 
Diinissoire, sm. dimissory letter 
Dimissorial, e. a. dimissory 
Dinanderie, sf. brazier's ware 
Din-andier, sm. a brazvr 
Dinde, sf. a turkey-ken 
Diiidon, sm. a turkry-coek; a 

blnckhrad 
Dindoaneau, a turkey-pcwt 
Dindoniiier, a lurknj-herd 
Dindonriiere, sf. a country elow- 

dy; a turkey-keeper 
Dine, diner, sm. dinnrr 
Dinee, sf. the dining plare on a 

journey 
Diner, ca. to dine 
Dioc6&ain, sm. a diocesan 
Diocesain, e. a. of a bishop's 

diocese 
DiocV'se, sm. diocese 
Dioptiique, </. dioptricts 
Dipihoiigne, a diphthong 
Diplomatique, — tical 
Diplouie, sm. diploma, charter 
Dire, va. * tdl, * say, * speak, * 

mciin, * bid 
Dire, sm. tchat one says; saying 
Direct, e. a. direct; straight 
Directe, sf. tenure in capite 
Direciemenl, ad. directly 
Directeur, rice. s. director; ma- 
nager; governess 
Direction, .-/. — tion, conduct 
Directoire, sm. directory; guide; 

rubric 
Diriger, va. direct; rule: frame 
Dirimant, ante, a hindering, 
annulling 



Discale, sm. tret; loaste 
Discernement, judgment, dif 

tinction; discretion 
Discerner, va. to discern 
Disciple, sm. disciple; pupil 
Disciplinable, 2. a. docile 
Discipline. .«/. discipline; scourge 
Discipliner, va. to discipline; to 

chastise 
Discontinuation, sf. discontintt- 

ance 
Discontinuor, va.to discontinue^ 

to cease; * give over 
T>\scouveitSLncK,sf. disagreement , 

inequality 
Discouvenir, vn. to disagree; 

disown 
Discord, e. a. discording 
Discordant, e. dissonant; jat^ 

ring 
Discorde, sf. discord; variance; 

debate 
Discoider, va. to * be out of tun* 
Discoureur, se. s. a talker 
Discourir, vn. to discourse; to 

talk idly 
Discours, sm. discourse 

, figure, rhetoric 

Discourtois, e. a. discourteous, 

ruile 
Discourloisie, sf. discourtesy 
Discredit, sm. discredit 
Discrct, e. discreet, wary 
DiscrfitemeiU, a/, discreetly 
Discretion, sf. — tion, wisdom 
Disculper, va. to exculpate; to 

clear 
Discursif, ve. o. —sive 
Discussif, ve. a. —sive 
Discussion, sf discussion; debate 
Disculer, va. to discuss; distrain 
Dist.'rt, e. a. copious; eloquent 
Discrtcnient, ad. at large; fully; 

learnedly 
Disette, sf. want; scarcity 
Disetteux, se. a. needy 
Diseur, se. .^. a teller 
Di.sLTace, sf. disgrace; misfor- 
tune 
Dis2racie, e. a. deformed; home' 

ly, out of favour 
Dissiacier, ra. to * put out of 

favour 
Dis'jrracieuscment, ad. disagree- 
ably 



DtS 



DIS 



DIX 



65 



I'iisgiacieux. se. a. disagreeable 
Oisgregation,s/. — twn {iiioptics) 
Disgreger, va. to separate {in 

optics) 
Disjoindie, to disjoin 
Disjonctif, ve. a. disjunctive 
Disjonction, sf. disjunction 
Dislocation, bone out of joint 
Disloquer, va. to dislocate 
Disparat, e. a. unsuitable 
Disparate, sf. impertinence; od- 
dity 
Disparity, disparity; difference 
Disparition, disappearitig 
Disparoitre, vn. to disappear 
Dispendieux, se. a. expensive 
Dispcnsaire, sm. dispensatory 
Dispensateur, dispensator 
Dispensation, sf. —lion 
Dispensatrice, disposer 
Dispense, dispensation; license 
Dispenser, va. to dispense*ioilh; 

distribute, dispose, depose 
Se — , vr. to * forbear,* let alone 
Disperser, va. disperse, scatter 
Dispersion, sf. — tion 
Dispos, a. m. active, nimble 
Disposer, va. to dispose, * make 

over, enact 
Se— , vr, to * get ready; * be re- 
solved 
Dispositif, ve. a. preparatory 
Dispositif, enacting clause 
Disposition, sf. —tion, disposal; 

genius; good-will; mind 
Disproportion, —tion 
Disproportionne, e. a. — tionate, 

unsuitable 
Disproportionner, va. to dispro- 
portion,* make unequal 
Dipputable, 2. a. disputable 
Dispute, sf. quarrel, dispute 
Disputer, va. dispute, contend 
Disputeur, sm. wrangler; dis- 
putant 
Discjue, disk, quoit 
Disquisition, s/. — tion, discussion 
Dissecteur, sm. —tor 
Dissection, sf. — tion 
Dissemblable, 2. a. unlike 
Dissemblance, sf. unlikencss 
Diss6miner, va. to disseminate 
Dissension, sf. dissention; strife 
Dissequer, va. to dissect 
Diss6queur, sm. an anatomist 
PART I. 



Dissertateur, author of a disser- 
tation 
Dissertation, sf. — tion 
Disserter, vn. to treat upon 
.Dissimilaire, 2. a. dissimilar 
Dissiniulateur,rice, s. dissembler 
Dissimulation, sf. — tion 
Dissimul6, e. a. dissembling 

, e. s. dissembler 

Dissimuler, va. to dissemble; to 

* take no notice of 
Dlssipateur, rice, s. spendthrift 
Dissipation, sf.—tion, waste 
Dissiper, tjjt. to dissipate, quash 
Se — , vr. to relax one's self 
Dissolu, e. a. dissolute, lewd 
Dissolvant, e. a. dissolving 

, sm. a. dissolvent 

Dissoluble, 2. a. dissoluble 
Dissolument, ad. lewdly 
Dissolutif, ve. a. dissolvent; dis- 
solvable 
Dissolution, sf. — tion; lewdness 
Dissonance, dissonance 
Dissonant; e. a. discordant 
Dissoudre, ?ja. to dissolve; melt 
Dissuader, va. to dissua(ie 
Dissuasion, sf. — sion 
Dissyllabe, sm. dissyllable 

, 2. a. dissyllabical 

Distance, .sf. distance, interval 
Distant, e. a. remote 
Distention, sf. stretching 
Distillateur, sm. a distiller 
Distillation, sf. distilling 
Distiller, va. to distil; puzzle 

one's brains 
&e —en larmes, vr. to melt into 

tears 
Distinct, e. a. distinct, clear 
Distinctement, ad. distinctly 
Distinctif, ve. a. distinctive 
Distinction, sf. — tion, note 
DisUnguer, va. to distinguish; 

to note 
Se distinguer, va. to*makc one's 

self eminent 
Distique, sm. a distich 
Distorsion, sf. — tion 
Distraction, —tion, separation, 

absence of mind 
Distraire, va. to separate, to di- 
vert from; dissuade; quit 
Distribuer, vr to distribute, di- 
Distributeur, sm. —butor [vide 



Distributif, ve. —butive 
Distribution, sf. — tion 
Distributrice, she who distributes 
District, sm. district; precinct 
Dit, saying, apophthegm 
Ditiiyrambe, dithyramb 
Dilliyrambique, 2. a. dithyr ambit 
Diton, sm. second {in music) 
Divaguer, vn. to ramble; to * be 

incoherent 
Divan, sm. divan 
Divergent, e. a. — —gent 
Divers, e. a. diverse; many 
Diversement, ad. diversely 
Diversifier, va. to diversify,vai'y 
Diversion, sf. —sion 
Diversite, — sity, variety 
Divcrtir, va. to divert; embezzle; 

recreate; convert 
Se — ,vr. to*take one's pleasure, 

make merry or sport 
Divertissant, e. a. diverting, 

pleasant, entertaining 
Divertissement, sm. diversion; 
embezzlement; entertainment 
after a piny 
Dividende, dividend 
Divin, e. a. divine 
Divinateur,s7n. diviner ;conjurcr 
Divination, sf. —tion 
Divinement, ad. divinely 
Diviniser, va. to deiftj 
Divinil6, sf. divinity, deity 
Divis, 5/. division, share 
Diviser, va, to divide; part; dis- 
unite 
Diviseur, sot. divider; divi.?or 
Divisibility, sf. —lity 
Divisible, 2. a. divi-^iblc 
Division, sf. —sion, disunion 
Divorce, sm. divorce; variance 
Divorcer, va. to divorce; to sci^ri 

away 
Diuretique, 2. a. sm. diuretic 
Diurnal, sm. daily prayer baJc 
Diurne, 2. a. diurnal 
Divulgation, sf. divulging 
Divulguer, va. to divulge 
Dlx,2. a. ten 
Dix-huit, 2. a. eighteen 
Dix-huitieme, cigliteentk 
Dixieme, 2. a. tmth 

, sm. tenth part 

— denier, '2s. in the pound 
Dixiememcnt, ad. tcnthly 



66 



DOM 



DOR 



DOU 



Dix-neuf, 2. a. vinetefA 
Dix-neuvieme, nine'eenth 
DiA-Sf pt, seventeer 
Dix-seplieiue, se'.entccnth 
Dizain, 5771. ast^Aza oftenverses 
Dizaine, sf. U n ; tithing 
Uizeau, sm. shvck; heap of ten 

sheaves of corn 
Dizenier, a litliing-man 
Docile, iJ. a. docile; tractable 
Docilemeiit, ad. docilely 
Docilitc, irf. docility 
Docle, 5. a. s. learned 
Dticteinfnit, ad. learnedly 
Ditcteur, sm. a doctor 
— regent, a professor 
Docioiai, e. a. doctoral 
Doctoral, sm. doctor's degree 
Doctorciie, sf. disputation for 

the degree of a doctor ofdivini- 
Doctriiiai, e. a. doctrinal [ty 
Doctrine, sf. doctri^ie, tenets 
Document, */. — mcnt; precrpt 
Dodinur, va. to rock [self 

Sedodiner. va. to pamper one's 
Dodo, svi. nurse's lullaby 
Dodu, e. a plump; fat 
Dojrat, sm. dignity of a doge 
Doge, a doge, chief magistrate 

0f yen ice 
{)i)gn\:i.Wi\vic.,sm .dogmatical style 
Dognialiquc, 2. a. —tical 
Dn^jmatiqupnient, ad. —cally 
Dogmatirfcr, vn. to* leach magis- 

tcridllii; to dogmatise 
Dogiiiaiiseiir, sm. a dogmatiser 
Dogmaliste, dogmatist 
Dogme, dogma, tenet 
I>')ric, a mastiff 
Dociiin, e. 5. whelp of a mastiff 
Drict, 5)". a.fvgcr; claw; digit 

(1;; pie, a toe 

DciK'ier. sm., cover for fingers 
Do!, fraud, deceit [ancc 

Df '' iirice, sf. complaint; gricv- 
l'nici:;nient, ad. inoanfxilly 
\)< '.: nt. r. a. doleful; querulous 
i"'Mcr, ra. tn plane 
I), 'inian, 5;n. a Turkiskdress 
Doloire, sf. plane; truss; adze 
Dom, sm. don; lord 
Domaine, domain; demesne 
Domanial, e. a. of ov belonging 

to a demesne 
Ddmr, sm. a cupola 



Domesticite,«/.tAc being servant 
Domestique, 2. a. domestic; tame 

, sm. a domestic of a house 

or family; servant 
Domestiqueraent, ad. servilely; 

familiarly 

Domicile, sm. dwelling-koiisc; 

abode [place 

Se domicilier, vr. to settle in a 

Dominant, e. a. reigning; ruling; 

predominant 
Dominatcur, sm. ruler, lord 
Domination, sf. dominion 
Dominer, vn. to rule; predomi- 
nate; command 
Dominicain, sm. a Dominican, 

or -white-friar 
Doniinicaine, sf. dominican nun 
Domino, sm. short cloak 
Dominoterie, sf. paper-staining 
Dominotier, sm. paper-stainer 
Dommage, damage, loss 
Dommageable, 2. a damageable; 

hurtful 
Dompiable, donitable, 2. a. tame- 
able 
Domp_ter, domier, va. to subdue; 
to tame [ror 

Dornptenr, domteur, sm. conpue- 
Don, a gift, knack 
Donataire, ^. donee 
Donateur, rice. s. a donor 
Donation, sf. grant; deed of gift 
Done, c. thcrcfure; then 
Dondon, sf. plump jolly woman 
Donjon, sm. a turret 
Donnanl, ante. a. generous (its 
chief use is with a nega(ion) 
— il n'est pas donnant, he is 
stingy, 
Donne, sf. dealing at cards 
Donn6es, sf. pi. data 
Donner, va. to give, * to father 

on; * deal; engage 
Donneur, se.s.a giver^in a slight 

sense) 
Dont, pr. vhcreof; of whom 
Donzelle, sf. a young gentlewo- 
man (byway of ridicule) 
Dorade, dorado, (a fish) gilt head 
Dorenavant, ad. hencefurth 
Dorer, va. to * gild 
Doreur, sm. a gilder 
Dorien, a. s. Greek dialect, and 
Grcc/i music 



Dorique, a. s. J oric 
Dorioier, va. to fondle; pamper 
Dormant, e.a.sleiping, titgnant 
Dormeur, se 5. sltcpir 
Dormeuse, .«/. a sedan with a bed 

in; an easy chair 
Dormir, vn. to * sleep 

, sm. sleeping; sleep 

Dormitif, ve. a. soponjic 
Dortoir, sm. dormitoiy 
Dorurc, sf. gilding, washing 
Do?, sm. back; ridge 
Dosd'ane, shelving on both sides 
Dose, sf. a di se 
Dosse, plank, flitch of wood 
Dosserel, sm. a little pilaster jut- 
ting out 
Dossier, back of a sent or coach; 

head board of a Led; Jile of * 

law pup'rs , 

Dot, sf. a portion; dowry 
Dotal, e. a. of or pertaining tc » 

a dowry 
Doter, va. to endow, pvrlivn 
Douaire, sm. Jointure 
Douairiere, sf. a dowager 
Douane, custom-house; duty 
Douanier, sm. a custom-hovsi 

officer 
Double, 2. a. c^ouile, deceitful »- 

, sm. twofold, copy 

Donbleau, sm. chief arch; joist 
Douhlenieuf, aJ. duubly 
Doubier, ra to doidlt; to line; 

v-uhtply 
DovbletjStn false stone; doublets 

(at dice) 
Doublon, a doubloon 
Doublure, .•;/. a lining; siilstitute 
VoucK, a. f. sweet; mild; easy; 

affable 
T)ouceatre, 2. a. sw'cti.-h 
Doucenient, ad. softly; gently; . 

pretty will * 

Doucer'eux, ?e. sweetish; precise 
Doucette, sf. a prim woman; 

yenus's looking-glass 
Dnucet, te. a. s. affected 
Douceur, sf. sweetness; softness; 

mildni'ss; profit 
Douceurs, pi. swiet thing; fla' i 

terivg eTpre.'.?ions 
Douche, medical primping 
Doucher, va. to pump one 
Doucine, sf. waved moulding . 



DRA 

Douer,«a. to * make a settlement; 



Douillage, sm. stuff badly woven 

Douille, sf. a socket 

Douillet, tc. a. soft; nice 

, siH. a self-lover 

Douillettenient, ad. tenderly 

Douleur, sf. pain; ache; grief 

Do\i.\o\iYeusii\mi\\.^ad. grievously 

Douloureux, se- a. painful; sor- 
rowful; tender 

Doute, sin. doubt; fear 

Douter, vn. to doubt; question 

Se — , vr. to suspect 

Douteuseinmit, ad. dubiously 

Douteux, se. a. doubtful 

Douvaiu, sni. wood Jit to make 
staves for casks 

Douve, sf. pipe-staff; sideboard 

Doux, a. wi. Douce, a. f. sweet; 
mild; easy; affable; soft; 
smooth 

Douzaiiie, sf. a dozen 

Douze, 2. a. twelve 

Douziemement, ad. twelfthly 

Douzieme, 2. a. twelfth 

, sm. twelfth part 

Doyen, sm. dean, senior 

Doyenne, o dianry 

Draclime, diagme, sf. drachm 

Dracuucule, a small worm 

Drag6e, ."f. sugar-plum; small 
shot 

Drageoir, sm. a comfit-box 

Drageon, a sucker 

Drageonner, vn. to * shoot forth 
suckers 

Dragon, sm. dragon; termagant; 
dragoon 

Dragonnade, ••/. dragooning 

Dragonner, va. to dragoon 

Drague, sf. grains; sand-shovel 

Draguer, va. to search something 
that lies under water 

Dramaiique, 2. a. dramatic 

, sm. dramatic poetry 

Drame, sm. a drama 

Drap, cloth, sheet 

mortuaire, a pall 

Drapeau, a pair of colours ; a 
rag; a clout 

Draper, va. to hang with mourn- 
ing; to mill stockings; to jeer; 
to * make cloth [ry 

Draperie, sf. cloth-trade; drape- 



Di;0 

Drapier, s7n. a woollen-draper ; 
a cloth-maker 

Dreche, sf. malt 

Drege, sort of net for turbots 

Drelin, sm. tingle 

Dresse, sf. a piece of leather to 
underlay a shoe 

Dresser, va. to * make straight ; 
raise; train up; direct 

Se — , vr. to * rise, * stand up 

Dressoir, sm. a sideboard 

Drille, a fellow; hard oak 

, sf. old rag to make paper 

with 

, a borer, piercer 

Driller, vn. to scour away 

Drillier, sin. a collector of old 
rags 

Drogman, intei-preter 

Drogue, sf. a drug; a sorry com- 
modity; stuff 

Droguer, va. to physic too much; 
give bad remedies 

Se — , vr. to * take remedies with- 
out proper care 

Droguerie, sf. drugs 

Droguet, sm. drugget 

Droguier, a virtuoso^ s cabinet ; 
drug-box 

Droguiste, a drxtggist 

Droit, e. a. strait ; right ; just ; 
upright; good; up 

— , sm. right ; law ; claim ; fee; 
tax; equity; pn'oilege 

— divin, sm. divine law 

— naturel, law of nature 

— canon, canon law 

— civil, civil law 

— commun, common law 

— des gens, law of nations 
Droit, ad. straight; directly 
Droite, sf. the right hand 

— (d'une arm6e) right wing 
Droilement, ad. uprightly; wise- 
ly; sincerely; roundly 

Droitier, e. a. right-handed 
Droiture, sf. uprightness 
d'esprit, soundness of rea- 
son 
Drole, 2. a. droll; funny; co- 
mical 

— de corpfl, comical or queer 
fellow 

Dr6Ie, sm. fellow 
Drolemeni, ad. comically 



DUQ 



67 



Dr6Ierie,5/. drollery, merry trick 
Drolesse, a wench 
Drouiadaire, sm. dromedary 
Drouine, sf. a tinker^ s bag 
Drouineur, sm. a tinker 
Dm, e. a. fledged; brisk; thick; 

pert; rank-close 
Druide, sm. a druid 
Dryade, sf. a dryad 
Du, sm. due; duty 
Du, art. some, of the, from, from 

the 

— nioins, at least 

— tout, at all 

Du, e. a. due, owing, owed; ought 
Dubitation, sf. — tion 
Dubitative, a.f. —tive 
Duo, sm. duke; horn-owl 
Ducal, e. a. ducal 
Ducale, sf. patent of the Vene- 
tian state 
Ducat, sm. ducat 
Ducaton, ducatonn 
Duch6, dutchy, dukedom 

— pairie, sf. dutchy, peerdom 
Ducliesse, sf. dutchess 
Ductile, 2. a. malleable 
Ductilil6, sf. malleableness 
Du6gne, duenna, governess 
Duel, sm. duel; also dual num- 
ber in Greek nouns 

Duelliste, a duellist 

Duire, v. to fit, or please; train 
up (old) 

Duit, 0. a. trained up ; instruO 
ed 

Dulcifier, va. to dulcorate 

Du!cin6e, sf. sweetheart 

Dulle, culte de dulie, sm. wor- 
ship of the saints 

Dument, duement, ad. duly 

Dunes, sf. pi. downs 

Dunette, sf. poop (of a ship) 

Duo, sm. duct 

Dupe, sf. a dupe; bubble; ninny 

Duper, va. to dupe; to gull 

Duperie, sf. fraud; cheat 

Duplicata, sm. a duplicate 

Duplication, sf. —tion 

Duplicit6, —city; double deah 
ing 

Duplique, rejoinder, duplicate 

Dupliquer, va. to rejoin 

Duquel, pro. of whom, ofiokieh, 
whereof 



68 



EAU 



EBR 



ECH 



Dur, e. a. hard; firm; tough; 
harsh; stale; sad; cruel; 
rough 

— d'oreillc, dull of hearing 

— a la desserre, close-fisted 

— a la fatigue, hardened to fa- 
tigue 

Dure-mere, sf. dura mater 
Dure, ground, fioor 
Durable, 2. a. lasting 
Duraine, sf. a sort of peach 
Duraiit, pr. during 

que, ad. whilst, uhen 

Durcir, va. to harden; to dull 
Se — , vr. to * grow hard 
Dur6e, sf. duration; continu- 
ance 
Durement, ad. hard; harsh; 

stiff 
UiiTtr,,vn. to last; * hold out; 

* abide 
Duret, te. a. somewhat hard 
Durete, sf. hardness; harshness; 

roughness; cruelty 

d'oreille, dvlnrss of hearing 

(de style) roughness 

(de pinceau) stiffness 

Durct6s, pi. hard words 
DunWon, sm. callosity ; hard skin 
Duriuscule, 2. a. somewhat hard 
Duvet, sm. down; ease 
Duvcteux, se. a. downy 
Duumviiat, sm. a magistracy 

among the Romans 
Duumvirs, sm. pi. the name of 

some Roman magistrates 
Dynaniique, sm. — mics 
Dynaste, sm. a petty sovereign 

prince 
Dj-nastie, sf dynasty 
Dysyonlerie, bloody flux 
Dy-snenterique, 2. a. sm. one af- 

fiiclcd with the bloody flux 
Dy?uiie, sf. dysury; ritcnlion of 

urine 



E 



IIAU, sf. water â–  rain; toet, 
A tears; gloss; juice 
Eau douce, fresh water 
— d<^ mer, salt water 
— de fontaine, spring water 
- de source, spring water 



Eau de puiis, pump water 

— de riviere, rirer water 

— rose, rose water 

— (lustre,) water or gloss 

— de vie, aqua-vitcc, brandy 

— regale, aqua rcgnlis 

— forte, aqua fortis 

— d'arquebusade, arquebusade 
water 

S'6bahir, vr. to * be amazed 
Ebahissement, sm. wondering 
Ebarber, va. to shave; barb 
Ebaroui, e. a. desiccated 
Ebat, Ehattement, sm. diversion 
S'6battre, rr. * make, or be merry 
Ebauhi, e. amazed 
Ebauche, sf. a sketch, rough 

draught 
Ebaucher, v. sketch, rough hew 
Ebauchoir, sm. chisel, hatchet 
Ebaudir, ra. cheer, * make merry 
Ebe, sf. ebb, low water 
Ebene, ebony 
Eb6nrr, va. to * give wood the 

colour of ebony 
Ebenier, sm. an ebony tree 
Ebenistc, a cabinet-maker 
Eblouir, va. to dazzle 
Eblouissant, e. a. dazzling 
Eborgner, vn. to * put out an eye; 

to blind 
S'ebouffer de rire, to * burst in- 
to laughter (low) 
Ebouillir, vn. to overboil 
Eboulcment, sm. falling dojm 

{of a building) 
Ebouler, vn. to * fell doicn 
Eboulis, sjn. rvbhi.'h 
Ehourgeonncment, pruning 
F.bi lurgconner, V a. to prune vines; 

trees 
Ebourgconneur, sm. apruner 
Ebourifft, e. a. disordered with 

the wind 
Ebrancliement, sm. lopping, 

pruning 
Ebrancher, va. to * lop off the 

branches 
'Ehran\ement,sm.shaking;shock; 

fear 
Ebranler, va. to * shake; stagger 
S'— , vr. to move, * give way 
Ebrecher, ra. to notch 
Ebrcner, to clean a child 
Ebri6t6, 5/. drunkenness 



Ebrillade, j«-;t with the bridle 
S'ebrouer, vr. to snort 
Ebruitcr, vn. to divulge 
S'— , vr. to * be talked of; to 

* take air 
Ebullition, 5/. ebullition; blotch; 

rant 
Ecacliement, sm. bruising 
Ecacher, vn. to * crush; squa^ 
Ecacheur d'or, sm. gold-beatc. 
Ecaille, sf. scale; shell 
Ecail!6, e. a. scaly 
Ecaillor, v. to scale, vnscale 
S' — , vr. to peel off' 
Ecailleur, sm. oyster-man 
Ecailleux, se. a. scaly 
Ecale, 5/. a shell nf walnut, Se 
Ecaler, ra. to shell 
S' — , vr. to come off 
Ecarbouiller, va. to * crush; 

squash 
Ecarlate, sf. scarlet 
cramoisie, scarlet dyed in 

groin 
Ecarlatine, fievre tcarlatine, 

scarlrt-ferer 
Eccrnuiliement, sm. spreading 

wive 
Ecarquiller les jambes, va. to 

straddle 
Ecart, sm. ramble; cards laid out 
EcarteI6, e. a. quartered; quar- 
terly 
Ecarteler, va. to quarter 
Ecarter, to disperse ; * mislead ; 

discard; avert; scatter 
S'drarter, vr. to ramble; swerve; 

to lo.9e 
Eccl<^siaste, sm. Ecclesiastes 
Ecck-siastique, Ecclesiasticus 

-, churchman 

, 2. a. ecclesiastic 

Ecclesiastiqucment, ad. ecclesi- 
astically 
Ecervel6, e. a. hairbrainei, 

brainless 
Ecbafaud, sm. a scaffold 
Echafaudage, scaffolding 
Ecbafauder, vn. to scaffold 
Ecliala.s, sm. a prop for a vine; 

a pole 
Eclialasstment, sm. propping 
EchaJasser, va. to prop a vine 
Echalier, sm. a fence 
Echalote, sf. shalot, scallion 



ECH 



ECL 



ECO 



69 



Ecbancrer, wo. to * cut sloping 
Ecljancrure, 5/. a slope 
Ecljange, sm. exchange; barter- 
ing' 
Ecliunger, va. to exchange; bar- 
ter; * chop 
Ecliauson, sm. a cup-bearer 
Echansoiiiieiie, sf. the king''s 

wine-cellar 
Echaniillon, sm. sample; pat- 
tern 
Echantilloner, va. examine by 
the standard; * cut out pat- 
terns 
Echappade, sf. mistake, slip 
Echappatoire, a come off; a 

shift 
I^happee, a prank 

de vue, a vista, prospect 

Ecliapper, va. to escape; * let 
fall; * forget one's self; * slip 
Echarde, sf. splinter 
Ecliardunuer, va. to pull out the 

thistles 
Echarpe, sf. a scarf; a sling for 

the arm 
Echarper, va. to slash 
Ecliars, e. a. niggardly 
Echars (vents) shifting icinds 
Echasics, j)l. stilts; pules 
Echaubuule, e. a full of pimples 
Ecliauboulur*.', sf. a pimple 
Echaude, sm. folding-stool; sim 

ncl; bun 
Ecbaudcr, va. to scald 
S'6ciiauder, vr. to * burn one's 
fingers by ill success in some 
ufair; to smart 
Echaudoir, sm. scalding-home 
Ediaurt'aison,.«/. anoocr-hcating 

one's self 
Echauffement, em. heating ; 

over-heating 
Echautfer, va. to heat; warm; 

stir up 
S'6chaaffer,ua.«o over-hrat one's 

self; * grow angry; fume 
Ecliauffiire, sf. red pimple 
EcliaurKjuiee, a rash enterprise; 
^ a bajjle 
EcJiauguelte, spying-place 
Eclieance, expiration 
V^cliec, sm. ehech; loss; jn awe 
— k, mat., ch'ck-mate 
Echccr?, sm. pi, chcsa 



Echeletto, sf. a little ladder 
Ecbelle, a ladder; scale; a 
trading seaport town in the 
LevarH 

de rubaiis. a stomacher of 

ribands 
Echellon, sm. a ladder-step 
Echeniller, vn. to clear of cater- 
pillars 
Echeveau, sm. a skein 
Echevele, e. a. dishevelled 
Echevin, sm. a sheriff 
Rchevinage, sheriffalty 
Ecliine, sf. chine; spine 
Echinee, a chine {of pork) 
Echiner, va. to * break the head; 

to knock on the head 
Echiqufct6, e. a. checkered 
Ecliiquier, sm. a chess-board; 

exchequer 
Echo, sm. an echo; a tool 
Echomtitre, a scale to measure 

sounds 
Echoir, vn. to expire; * fall due; 

* fall out: happen 
Echoppe, sf. stall; flat graver 
Ecliouenicnt, sm. running a- 

ground 
Echouer, vn. to * run aground; 

to miscarry 
Ecliu, e. a. expired; fallen out 
Ecimer, va, to * cut the top of a 

tree 
Eciabousser, to splash 
Eclaboussure, sf.thc dirt or wa- 
ter one is splashed with 

Eclair, stn. lightning. Com- 

me un 6clair, in a trice 
Eclaircir, va. to clear; clarify, 

thin; inform; unfold 
S'eclaircir, vr. to * become clear; 

to inform one's self 
Eclaircissement, sm. explication; 

hint 
Eclair^, e. a. lightsome; know- 
ing; understanding 
Eclairer, va. to light; enlight- 
en; sparkle; watch 

, vn. to glitter; shine 

Eciaiicho, sf. a leg (of mutton) 
Ecljit, sm. pomp; lustre; splen- 
dour ; brightne.'is ; clap, up- 
roar; burst; noise 
Eclataut, e. a. shining; bright; 
transciudint 



Eclater, vn. to burst; crack; 

shiver; to exclaim; glitter 
Eclipse, sf. eclipse 
Eclipser, va. to eclipse 
S'6clipser, vr. to vanish away; 

to * be eclipsed 
Faire 6clipser, to eclipse; to help 

to make one's escape 
Ecliplique, «/. the ecliptic 
Eclisse, splint; cheese-vat; side 

of a lute, 4"C. 
Eclisser, va. to splint 
Eclopp6, e. a. lame 
Eclorre, va. to * be hatched; 

* blow; peep; come to light 
Ecluse, sf. a sluice; dam 
Eclusee, sluice full of water 
Ecolatre, sm. professor in divi- 
nity. 
Ecole, sf. a school, college 
Ecolier, e. s. a scholar 
Econduire, va. refuse; shift off 
Economat, stewardship 
Econoine, 2. a. s. saving; a 

steward; housekeeper 
Economie, s/. economy, order 
Econoniiquft, 2. a. economical 

, sm. economics 

Economiquement, ad. frugally 
Ecoiiomiser, va. to use sparing 

ly; to manage well 
Ecorce, 5/. bark; shell; peel; 

outside 
Ecorcer, va. to peel 
Ecorclier, va. to flay; to gall; to 

exact upon 
S'6corcber, * tear off one's skiiu- 

* be galled 
Ecorchfrie, sf. slaughter-house; 
exorbitant demand [tioncr 

Ecorcbeur, sm. a flayer; extor~ 
Ecorcliure, sf. excoriation 
Ecore, a steep shore 
Ecorner,i;o. to * break the horns, 
curtail; * break the corners of 
a thing 
Ecoriiitler, to spungc 
EcorniHerie, .«/. spunging 
Ecoriiitieur, se. 5. sp anger 
Eco.*se, sf. shill; pod; Scotland 
Ecosser, va. to sh'll 
Ecosseur, se. s he, or she whD 

are shelling 
Ecot, sm. scot; club; company; 
reckoning 



70 



ECR 



EFF 



EFF 



Ecouane, 5/. mint-file 
Kcouaiier, va. to file off gold or 

silver to its standard 
Ecoiifle, sm. a hawk; kite 
YLcoMlexaenl^ flawing; illapse 
Ecouler, va. to * run, or flow 

out 
S'^couler, vr. to * slide away 
Ecoiirgeon, sf. a species of bar- 
ley 
Ecourtcr, va. to * crop 
Ecoutaiit, e. a. s. hearer 
Ecoute, sf. a private place for 

listening 
Ecouter, va. to hear, listen; to 

hearken; to mind 
Ecouteur, sni. a listener 
Ecouleux, a. skittish 
Ecoatille, sf. scuttle, hatch 
Ecouvetle, a brush 
Ecouvillon, sm. mop; drag 
Ecouviilonner, va. to sweep with 

a drag 
Ecran, sm. a screen 
Ecraseraent, crushing 
Ecraser, va. to crush; squash; 

ruin 
Ecremer, to skim milk 
Ecrevisse, sf. crawfish; lobster; 

the sign Cancer 
S'ftcrier, vr. cry out; exclaim 
Ecrin, sm. a jewel-box 
Ecrire, va. to * write 
Ecrit, sm. a writing, work 
Ecriteau, bill; sign; title 
Ecritoire, .<?/. an inkstand 

de table, standish 

Ecriture, writing, scripture 

— Sainte, the Bible 

Ecrivain, sm. a writer; purser 

of a ship 
Eciou, nut of a screw 

, gaoler's book 

Ecrouelles, sf.pl. the king's evil 
Ecrouer, va. to enter into the 

gaoler's book;delicer by scrolls 
Ecrouir, va. to cold-beat metals 
EcrouissementjSm.fAe cold-beat- 
ing of metals 
Ecr6u\tmiiiH, falling in 
Ecroiiler, vn. to * shake down 
S'ecrouler, vr. to * fall down, to 

* give way 
Ecroutcr, va. to * cut off the 

crust 



Ecru, e. a. raw {of silk and 

threal) 
Ecu, sm. shield ; escutcheon ; 

crown piece 
Ecubiers, sm. pi. hawsers 
Ecueil, a rock; sands; shelf 
Ecuelle, sf. a porringer 
Ecuell6e, a porringer full 
Eculer, va. to * tread down at 

the hsel 
Ecume, sf. scum, froth, foam, 

dross 
Ecumer, va. to foam; skim 
Ecunier les mers, to infest the 

seas 
Ecumeur de mer, sm. a pirate 

de inamiite, a spunger 

Ecumeux, se. a. frothy 
Ecuuioire, sf. a skimmer 
Ecurer, va. to scour, cleanse 
Ecureuil, sm. a squirrel 
Ecureur, a scavenger 
Ecureuse, sf. a char-woman 
Ecurie, stable; equipage 
Ecusson, sm. an escutcheon 
Ecussonner, va. to ingraft 
Ecu5Scnnoir, sm. grafti