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From the ANNALS AND MaGazinn or Natura History,
Ser. 8, Vol. v., Janwary 1910.

Notes on Crustacea found in the Gizzard of a Deep-sea
Cephalopod. By Tuomas Scorr, LL.D., F.L.S.

[Plates II. & I1.]

Dr. W. E. Hovzze, the well-known authority on the Cepha-
lopoda, when exarining one of these organisms captured
in deep water in the South Atlantic, discovered in its gizzard
a number of fragments and one or two moderately whole
specimens of small crustageans, on which apparently the
creature had been feeding some time before it was captured,
he crustacean remains comprised several species, and
included representatives of the Isopoda, the Amphipoda, and
the Copepoda. Very few of them, however, were sufficiently
perfect for identification, and one of these is a rather inter-
esting species belonging to the Oopepoda. baa

L am indebted to the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing for the privi-
lege of overhauling this somewhat curious collection, and
also to my son Mr. Andrew Scott for the drawings which
illustrate this paper and for assistance otherwise.

T have on several occasions found interesting Crustacea,
not only minute Copepods, but tolerably big crabs, such as
Hyas, Pagurus, Geryon triden, and full-grown Norway
lobsters, in the stomachs of fishes, and in one case no fewer
than fifty-four pairs of cuttlefish jaws were obtained in the
stomach of a king-fish, Lampris luna*, but I think this is
the first time I have had the opportunity of examining a
carcinological collection obtained in the stomach of a
Cephalopod.

The Cephalopod referred to—Stauroteuthis hippocrepium,
Hoyle t, was captured at a depth of 2425 fathoms in lat.

_ * See Twenty-first Report F ishery Board for Scotland, pt. ui. p. 219

Cae a photograph of the jaws). |
+ See Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. xlii, no. 1, pp. 1-77 (with 12-plates):

52 Dr. T. Scott on Crustacea found in the

66° 40’ S., long. 40° 35’ W., on March 10th, 1908. The
contents of the gizzard of this Cephalopod, as stated above,
consisted for the most part of fragments representing different
species of Crustacea. Those belonging to the Isopoda and
the Amphipoda have been examined by the Rev. Mr. Steb-
bing ; he has sent me the following notes on the various
forms, and has kindly permitted me to incorporate his notes
here. I gladly avail myself of this permission, for the infor-
mation they give appears to include all that can be satis-
factorily made out concerning these forms. His notes are as
follow :—

1. The Isopoda.

(1) “Fragments of a very spiny specimen which has
uropods like those of Beddard’s Trichopleon ramulosum,
peduncle long, rami long, inner ramus with short second joint,
telson produced to a rather long point. Beddard’s Eurycope
spinosa was without pleon, and therefore remains indetinite.”
Trichopleon ramulosum, Beddard, was described from speci-
mens from the Philippines.

(2) “ Another species may belong to J/yarachna, Sars, or
perhaps rather to Echinozone, Sars.”

(3) “A small nearly perfect specimen seems near to
Nannoniscus, Sars. The masculine appendage of the second
pleopods ends in a broad oval expansion. ‘Lhe operculum is
not abnormal as in N. oblongus, Sars, but is as in his Caspian
species N. caspius.”

2. The Amphipoda.

(4) ‘An Amphipod wanting the pleon.” Neither the
genus nor species of this could be satistactorily determined.

(5) “ Another Amphipod without the pleon, this being
Andantotes corpulentus (G. M. Thomson).” Andaniotes
corpulentus was described from specimens collected in the
South Pacific.

3. The Copepoda.

The Copepoda comprised an (ithona rather immature
and scarcely perfect enough to be determined; a male
Euterpe acutifrons ; another form too imperfect for identifica-
tion; and one or two tolerably perfect specimens of Ponto-
stratiotes abyssicola, G. S. Brady. ‘The following short
description of the Pontostratiotes is culled from that by

Gizzard of a Deep-sea Cephalopod. 53
Dr. Brady in his Report on the Copepoda of the ‘ Challenger’

Expedition, supplemented by a careful examination of the
specimens from the stomach of the Stauroteuthis.

Family Pontostratiotide, A. Scott *.
Genus Pontosrratiotes, G. S. Brady.

Pontostratiotes abyssicola, G. 8. Brady.
(Pls IL: &- Ti)

1888. Pontostratiotes abyssicola, Brady, Report on the Scientific Results
of the Voyage of H.M.S. ‘ Challenger,’ Zool. vol. viii. p. 105, pl. xliv.

Description.—Anterior antenne tolerably elongate, slender,
and composed of eight joints; the first three are moderately
elongated, but the second and third are each rather shorter
than the joint that precedes it ; the upper distal angle of the
second joint is produced into a strong forwardly-projecting
tooth ; the remaining joints are small, but the fourth from
the end is rather longer than the others. Posterior antenna
slender, two-branched ; inner ramus elongated, outer short and
four-jointed. Mandibles stout, armed with strong teeth and
provided with a large two-branched palp. Maxille stout and
furnished with several spiniform marginal bristles and long,
rather slender set. First maxillipeds moderately elongate,
stout, and bearing several setiferous processes on the inner
aspect. Second maxillipeds smaller and composed of four
joints, first joint considerably longer than the combined
lengths of the other three, end-joints small, no terminal claw.

The first four pairs of thoracic legs with both rami three-
jointed, outer and inner rami of about equal length ; both
rami of the first pair rather shorter than in the other three
pairs, and an elongated spiniform seta springs from the inner
angle of the second basal joint, and extends to near the end
of the inner ramus.

The fifth pair consist each of a single, elongated, narrow,
two-jointed branch, end-joint about five times longer than
broad and provided with several long spiniform marginal and
terminal sete. Caudal rami, which are somewhat abnormal
and resemble those of Myisthus, Giesbrecht, are extremely
long and slender and close together, and assume a setiform
appearance.

The carapace is armed with several long and strong toothed
spines, which are directed backwards.
| * This family was instituted for Pontostratiotes and the nearly related

genus Aigisthus, Giesbrecht : see Report on the Copepoda of the ‘ Siboga’
Exped., by A. Scott, p, 232 (1909).

54 On Crustacea found in a Deep-sea Cephalopod.

Length of the specimens scarcely 2 mm.

Pontostratiotes (the sea-soldier) appears to bea true bottom
form ; it was discovered by Dr. Brady amongst some mud
brought up from a depth of over 2000 fathoms. Dr. Brady,
in his remarks on this Harpactid, says :—‘‘ This wonderful
species was found—but unfortunately one specimen only, and
that in a dried state—amongst material taken in the tow-net
at a depth of 2200 fathoms in lat. 37° 29'S., long. 27° 31! W.
This single specimen was apparently much shrunk and dis-
torted, owing to its having been dried amongst the mud in
which it was taken, and on this account many of the details of
structure have been very imperfectly made out. The tail-seta,
for instance, and the minor details of the mouth-organs were
partly indistinguishable, the limbs much matted together,
and the natural contours doubtless in other parts much
altered.” Notwithstanding that Dr. Brady had only one
specimen, and that not in the best condition, his description
is remarkably full and in accord with the specimens from
the gizzard of the Stauwroteuthis, and it is only because these
specimens enable me, with my son’s assistance, to supply
some missing parts that I have ventured to supplement
Dr. Brady’s excellent description.

This curious species does not appear to have been met with
since Dr. Brady’s discovery of it in the ‘ Challenger’ collec-
tions till now, and it is owing to Dr. Hoyle’s interest in other
departments of natural history besides his own that we are
indebted for the opportunity of examining these specimens
from a widely different locality from that where the species
was first discovered.

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.
Puate II.

Pontostratictes abyssicola, Brady, 9.

Fig. 1. Antennule, x 50. 2. Second maxilliped, x 102. 3. Foot of
first pair of thoracic legs, x 76. 4. Foot of second pair, x 72.
5. Second thoracic segment, x 50. 6. Third thoracic segment,
x 50. 7. Fourth thoracic segment, X 50. 8, Caudal rami,
ez,

PuatTeE III.

Pontostratiotes abyssicola, Brady, 9.
Fig. 1. Antenna, x 88. 2. Mandible and palp, x 103. 3. Maxilla,
x 108. 4. Second maxilliped, x 103. 5. Foot of third pair
-of thoracic legs, x 72. 6. uot of fourth pair, x 72. 7, Foot
of fifth pair, x 108.

ug. Nat.Hist.8.8.Vol.V. PUI.

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